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Library 
North   Dakota  Agricultural 
College  and  Experi- 
ment Station 


NO 


/  G7^y 


ONTARIO 
*  TORONTO. 


:IO 

C0L1E6E  or  PHARMACr 

44    GERRARD  ST.  E. 
TOROfs^TOj 


ONTARIO 

COLLEGE  OF  P'- 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era 

PUBLISHED  ON   THE   FIRST  OF  EACH   MONTH 


D,  O.  Haynes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

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Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas. 
urer,  D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N,  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  Officers  is  No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

Entered  at  the  New   York  Post-onice  as  Sccond-c!ass  Mattel'. 

Copyright,  1914,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    All  rights  reserved. 

Title  registered  in  the   United  States  Patent  Office. 

Table  of  Contents.  i    ^  -> 

RE.\DING    SECTIONS.  \}  M~} 

Editoriai,  and  PBARji.ACErTic.u. Pages  1  to  16 

Editorials   1-4 

Correspondence 4 

Prof.  Tschirch  on  "Enzytnes"    (Concluded) 5-6 

The  Discovery  of  Quinine 7-8 

Sensitiveness  of  Alkaloidal  Solutions 8-9 

New  Remedies   9 

Selected  Formulas   10 

Foreign   .'\bstracts    11-12 

Question  Box   13-14 

Women  in  Pharmacy 15-16 

News  Section Pages  17  to  34 

Nation-wide  Anti-Narcotic  Law  Enforcement 17-18 

Mostly  Personal   18-19 

Obituaries    20-21 

News  of  the  Associations 22-30 

Trade   Section    Pages  35  to  46 

Recent  Patents  and  Trade-marks 43-44 

The  Drug  Markets 45-46 

INDEX    TO    ADVERTISERS    Page  57 

INDEX    TO    GOODS    ADVERTISED Pages  54  to  56 

INDEX   TO    RE.A.DING    P.AGES "  58 


ATTENTiON^^'cTOnagdsts  ^Dn^^eV^ci-k  State  is 
called  to  the  iahK^^d^Jp^j^k^Yeh.  1,  1914, 
the  so-called  Brooks  LfltV;'  Ifi  so  far  as  it  relates  to 
package  and  bottled  goods,  will  be  in  effect.  The 
general  law,  forming  Chapter  81  of  the  Laws  of 
1912,  has  been  active  since  June  1,  1913,  but  the 
sections  affecting  goods  sold  in  packages  or  in  small 
containers,  which  make  up  the  bulk  of  commodities 
handled  by  druggists,  were  not  to  become  effective 
until  eight  months  later.  The  provisions  of  the 
new  regulations  have  been  fully  set  forth  in  past 
issues  of  the  Era  (May  and  September,  1913). 
The  law  was  passed  chiefly  in  the  interests  of  pur- 
cha.sers,  and  stipulates  that  all  packages  must  bear 
a  plain  statement  of  the  net  contents,  or  of  the 
numerical  count  of  the  pieces  in  the  package.  Cer- 
tain exceptions  are  made,  and  a  list  of  tolerances 
has  been  drawn  up  by  the  State  Superintendent 
of  "Weights  and  Jleasures.  All  classes  of  commodi- 
ties, foods  and  candies,  as  well  as  drugs,  are  within 
the  scope  of  the  law.  We  do  not  believe  that  the 
new  measure  will  present  any  difficulties  to  the 
druggists  of  the  State,  or  to  the  manufacturers. 
Ample  time  has  been  given  in  which  to  make  neces- 
sary changes  in  labels,  etc.,  and  the  public,  if  it 
will  but  use  its  eyes,  now  has  full  protection  against 
deception. 

In  this  connection  we  may  mention  that  a  list  of 
tolerated  variations  in  druggists'  weights,  taken 
from  the  November  "Weights  and  JIea.sures  Bul- 
letin," appears  in  the  Trade  Section  of  this  issue. 


A  WORD  AS   TO   SUNDAY   CLCSIYG. 


With  the  passage  of  the  "  one-day-rest-in-seven " 
bill  b.v  the  New  York  State  Legislature  an  added 
impetus  has  been  given  to  the  movement  in  favor 
of  the  closing — for  at  least  part  time — on  Sunday 
of  drug  stores.  Many  New  York  druggists  liave 
gone  on  record  as  in  favor  of  this  solution  of  the 
"day  off"  problem,  particularly  since  the  latest 
move  on  the  part  of  the  authorities  toward  the 
limiting  of  sales  in  New  York  drug  stores  on  Sun- 
day to  drugs,  thus  shutting  out  the  income  from 
soda,  cigars  and  sundries,  which  has  always  made 
the  greatest  showing  in  the  day's  total  cash  re- 
ceipts. Drug  clerks'  organizations  have  for  years 
urged  such  a  legalized  respite  from  labor,  and  in 
some  States,  notably  California,  have  won  a  six- 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


day  week — 60  hours  in  California — and  a  minimum 
vage  scale.  At  the  recent  conference  called  under 
the  auspices  of  the  New  York  State  Ph. A.,  Presi- 
dent Jacob  H.  Rehfuss  was  pronouucetU.v  in  favor 
of  Sunday  closing,  declai-ing  that  the  sooner  the 
pharmacists  consider  the  question  seriously  the 
better,  since  ''as  soon  as  the  clerks  organize  they 
will  get  the  desired  hours."  Postal-card  canvasses 
among  members  of  New  York  associations  of  drug- 
gists indicate  that  but  from  10  to  15  per.  cent,  of 
the  druggists  favor  keeping  open  all  day  Sunday, 
the  majority  favoring  either  complete  or  partial 
closing. 


ADOPTION    OF    A    STANDARD    POISON    BOTTLE. 


There  is  at  the  present  time  before  Congress  a 
proposed  amendment  to  the  Federal  Food  and 
Drugs  Act  which  requires  that  when  packages  con- 
taining vinUent  poisons  are  shipped  into  interstate 
commerce  direct  to  the  consiuner,  such  poisons  shall 
be  placed  in  containers  to  be  prescribed  by  the 
Secretarj'  of  Agriculture  and  the  Secretary'  of 
Commerce.  Since  the  introduction  of  this  bill,  and 
following  the  recent  agitation  in  the  newspapers 
relating  to  the  accidental  deaths  that  have  occurred 
through  the  inadvertent  use  of  corrosive  sublimate, 
there  have  been  manj'  discussions  as  to  what  form 
of  container  would  best  meet  the  conditions  and 
obviate  the  dangers  of  accidental  poisoning. 

Legislation  embodjing  this  idea  has  been  more 
than  once  attempted  in  various  States  in  this  coun- 
try, but  we  cannot  at  the  present  moment  recall 
a  law  in  force  in  any  State  which  makes  the  en- 
closure of  a  poison  in  a  special  form  of  container 
obligatory.  In  Great  Britain  the  regulations  are 
more  specific,  the  pharmacy  law  requiring  that  the 
container  must  be  labeled  with  the  name  of  the 
poison  and  some  distinctive  mark  showing  that  it 
contains  a  poison,  and  that  such  poison  must  be 
kept  in  one  of  three  systems,  the  particular  system 
to  which  we  refer  requiring  that  the  poison  shall 
be  kept  in  "a  bottle  or  vessel  rendered  distinguish- 
able bj^  touch  from  the  bottles  or  vessels  in  which 
ordinary  articles  are  kept  in  the  same  warehouse, 
shop,  or  dispensarj-. "  As  a  further  precaution,  all 
poisons  sold  or  dispensed  must  be  sent  out  in  bot- 
tles, also  rendered  distinguishable  bj'  touch  from 
ordinarj'  medicine  bottles,  which  must  bear  the 
required  label  as  to  name,  etc.,  and  a  notice  that 
the  contents  of  the  bottle  are  not  to  be  taken  in- 
ternally or  are  poisonous  if  taken  in  overdoses. 
These  regulations  support  our  belief  that  of  all  the 
containers  that  have  been  suggested,  that  one  which 
enables  the  consumer  to  receive  warning  of  danger 
bj-  means  of  his  sense  of  touch  is  the  most  prac- 
tical, and  is  most  serviceable  both  in  the  darkness 
and  in  the  light.  A  distinctive  color  can  also  be 
adopted,  but  the  precautionary  value  of  this  alone 
ha.s  its  limitations. 

There  is,  in  our  opinion,  no  doiibt  but  that  regu- 
lations as  proposed  in  the  above  amendment  are 
needed,  for  as  conditions  stand  at  present,  anyone 
can  ship  into  the  homes  of  consumers  the  most 
deadly  poisons  without  indicating  in  any  manner 
whatever  the  nature  of  the  commodity.    With  the 


adoption  of  a  particular  form  of  container,  the 
numufacturer.  or  shipper,  and  the  pharmacist  as 
well,  should  be  compelled  to  explain  to  purchasers 
the  deadly  nature  of  poisons  and  to  point  out  to 
thoiu  the  shape  and  color  of  the  containers  in  which 
such  agents  are  enclosed. 


RETURN   TO    DRUGS  AND   MEDICINES. 


At  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Congress  of  Clini- 
cal Surgeons  held  in  Chicago,  the  new  president. 
Dr.  John  B.  Murphy,  made  the  seemingly  confi- 
dent prediction  that  for  the  next  quarter  of  a. 
century  the  practice  of  surgery  will  be  subordi- 
nated to  internal  medicine.  This  admission  by  a 
most  distinguished  surgeon  shows  that  the  so-called 
"drugless  therapy"  is  on  the  wane,  so  far  as  scien- 
tific medicine  is  concerned,  that  drugs  and  medi- 
cines are  the  dependable  weapons  of  the  physician 's 
armamentarium  in  fighting  disease,  and  that  to 
them  the  sick  must  look  for  relief  in  many  diseases 
the  knife  of  the  surgeon  can  never  reach.  The 
eminent  surgeon's  statements  are  significant: 

"If  you  were  to  ask  me  whether  if  I  were  to  start 
in  to  study  medicine  today  I  would  take  medicine  or 
surgery,  I  would  tell  you  without  hesitation  that  I 
would  start  in  internal  medicine.  The  advance  of 
internal  medicine  in  the  next  quarter  of  a  century 
will  be  enormously  greater  than  that  in  surgery.  In- 
ternal medicine  has  enormously  more  possibilities  than 
siu'gery  has.  It  is  the  internal  medicine  that  goes 
into  the  details,  makes  a  careful  examination  and 
analyses,  and  endeavors  to  arrive  at  a  diagnosis. 

"I  feel  with  you  that  the  clinical  conventions  are 
to  be  the  conventions  of  the  future,  that  clinical  teach- 
ing is  to  be  the  line  of  the  medical  profession  rather 
than  the  line  of  the  papers,  which  we  have  followed 
in  the  past,  but  in  order  that  that  should  be  a  suc- 
cess, and  a  continued  success,  it  must  have  the  sup- 
port of  every  member  of  the  congress  and  the  pro- 
fession." 

These  views  confirm  the  belief  that  the  standing 
of  the  medical  profession  is  much  more  closely  con- 
nected with  pharmacy  than  many  doctors  seem  to 
realize,  and  they  also  show  a  brighter  outlook  for 
the  early  future  of  our  calling.  If  pharmacists  are 
to  supply  this  greater  demand  for  drugs  the  return 
to  clinical  medicine  will  develop,  they  must  do 
their  share  in  equipping  themselves  for  the  prac- 
tice of  professional  pharmacy.  The  pharmacist 
must  get  in  closer  touch  with  prescribing  doctors, 
and  let  them  know  that  he  is  abreast  of  the  times 
in  .scientific  attainments.  Good  drugs  and  medi- 
cines have  their  place  in  fighting  disease,  and  the 
more  this  fact  is  realized,  the  more  will  it  do  to 
increase  the  amount  of  medicine  intelligently  used, 
and  this,  in  the  final  analysis,  means  more  pre- 
scriptions. 

TWO   NOTABLE   RULINGS. 


Two  recent  decisions  of  the  courts  in  price  main- 
tenance cases  are  of  decided  interest  to  druggists 
and  manufacturers  for  the  trade,  in  that  both  the 
rulings  maintain  the  position  of  the  Supreme 
Court  of  the  United  States  in  the  famous  Sana- 
togen  decision.  The  cases  at  issue  were  those  of  the 
Waltham  Watch  Co.  against  Chas.  A.  Keene,  a 
Broadway  jeweller,  and  the  "Macy"  case  (Straiiss 
vs.   the  American   Publishers'   Association).     The- 


■January,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


Waltham  company  sought  to  prevent  Keene  from 
selling  wateli  movements  at  less  than  the  price  fixed 
by  the  manufacturers,  and  the  U.S.  Circuit  Court 
of  Appeals  affirmed  the  decree  of  Judge  Ray  of  the 
Federal  district  court,  who  dismissed  the  case  last 
February  with  the  following  comment: 

"On  the  subject  of  fixing  prices  for  resales  by  dealers  to 
■consumers  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  has  de- 
■clared  that  such  Hmitations  are  opposed  to  sound  public  policy, 
■and,  therefore,  void.  A  combination  having  that  for  its  object 
-is  illegal." 

The  "Macy"  ease,  which  had  for  its  object  per- 
fecting the  right  of  the  retailer  to  vend  books  at 
the  price  most  satisfactoiy  to  himself,  rather  than 
at  the  price  stipulated  by  the  publishers,  was  still 
another  action  to  establish  the  status  of  price  pro- 
tection imder  the  copyright  law.  The  gist  of  the 
xmanimous  decision  of  the  United  States  Supreme 
Court  is  that  copyright  as  well  as  patent  property 
is  not  exempt  from  the  provisions  of  the  Sherman 
■anti-trust  law.  It  had  been  supposed,  previous  to 
this  decision  by  the  highest  court,  that  the  inclusion 
in  the  copyright  statutes  of  the  right  to  "vend" 
protected  copyright  property  to  the  extent  of  allow- 
ing the  maintenance  of  prices  and  the  prevention 
of  under-selling,  but  the  Supreme  Court  decision 
negatives  any  such  diifei-entiation. 

As  there  had  been  something  more  than  a  linger- 
ing hope  in  the  minds  of  manufacturers  of  price- 
protected  goods  that  the  patent  laws  and  copyright 
laws  contained  a  certain  barrier  against  price- 
severe  blow  to  advocates  of  the  fixed  price  policy, 
cutting  the  t\\\)  decisions  cited  'have  come  as  a 
with  the  result  that  the  movement  to  so  change 
existing  laws  that  price  protection  shall  be  legal- 
ized as  a  commercial  policy  has  been  given  a  de- 
cided impetus. 


ANTIDOTES   ON   POISON   LABELS. 


The  action  of  the  Kentucky  Board  of  Pharmacy 
in  recommending  that  all  poison  labels  should  carry 
a  definite  statement  as  to  the  antidotes  generally 
recognized  as  efficient  for  each  particular  poison,  is 
a  step  in  the  right  direction.  It  has  been  fre- 
quently called  to  attention  that  many  of  the  labels 
used  by  druggists  on  poisons  name  antidotal  meas- 
ures that  are  entirely  inadequate  and  inefficient  for 
the  pui"pose  desired,  while  some  labels  call  for 
remedial  measures  or  the  use  of  means  that  are 
absolutely  inaccessible  to  the  average  person.  Some 
of  the  labels  criticised  make  no  reference  to  use 
of  emetics  in  the  treatment  of  cases  where  these 
remedies  would  likely  prove  most  serviceable,  and 
generally  the  most  easily  obtainable  and  understood, 
while  others  repeat  such  glaring  inconsistencies  as 
recommending  the  use  of  lime  and  oil  cs  an  anti- 
dote for  arsenical  poisoning!  In  many  cases  label 
printing  houses  are  to  blame  for  repeating  many 
obsolete  and  inadequate  antidotal  mea.sures,  but  in 
any  litigation  that  might  follow  in  the  courts  on 
the  pretext  that  a  label  failed  to  give  approved 
information,  the  responsibility  would  invariably  be 
placed  on  the  pharmacist. 

When  a  person  has  swallowed  a  dose  of  poison  it 
is  of  utmost  importance  to  Imow  just  what  to  do 
^t  the  time,  for  life  in  such  cases  often  depends 


on  doiag  the  right  thing  and  doing  it  quickly.  To 
mislead  by  information  that  should  be  trustworthy 
is  criminal  neglect,  and  it  should  be  required  of 
Itoards  of  pharmacy  to  provide  standard  labels  to 
be  used  on  all  poisons  sold  within  their  respective 
jurisdictions,  including  a  definite  statement  of  the 
particular  antidote  or  other  remedial  measure  to 
be  recommended.  In  some  of  the  States,  particu- 
larly California,  the  law  requires  that  the  board 
of  pharmacy  shall  adopt  a  schedule  of  what  in  its 
judgment  are  the  most  suitable  common  antidotes 
for  the  various  poisons  usually  sold,  and  when  any 
poison  is  sold  it  must  bear  the  official  label  on 
which  appears  the  name  of  the  particular  antidote 
adopted  and  no  other.  Theoretically,  the  enforce- 
ment of  such  a  measure  affords  protection  to  the 
druggist,  and  it  contributes  not  a  little  to  conserv- 
ing the  public  health.  The  responsibility  of  de- 
termining what  constitutes  an  adequate  antidote 
for  any  particular  poison  is,  by  such  a  law,  also 
shifted  from  the  pharmacist's  shoulders. 


LIFE  EEGISTKATION  FOR  PHARMACISTS. 


The  announcement  that  the  Ohio  Pharmaceutical 
Association  has  begun  a  State- wide  campaign  for  a 
law  providing  that  pharmacists  shall  be  registered 
for  life,  instead  of  for  three  years,  as  at  present, 
again  brings  to  the  front  the  debatable  question  of 
the  necessity  for  re-registration.  Lawyers  and  doc- 
tors, having  once  qualified  to  practice  their  chosen 
callings,  are  not  thereafter  compelled  to  do  any- 
thing to  protect  their  prerogative  except  to  be 
honest  and  straightforward  in  the  practice  of  their 
professions.  Pharmacists,  on  the  other  hand,  not 
only  must  re-register,  but  they  must  pay  fees,  at 
least  in  some  of  the  States  (in  Ohio  $2)  for  the 
privilege. 

There  are  arguments  in  favor  of  re-registration 
of  pharmacists  that  do  not  apply  to  the  majority 
and  which  are  well  Imown.  The  same  arguments 
would  apply  in  even  greater  degree  to  lawyers  and 
physicians.  Without  at  this  time  passing  upon  the 
main  question  as  to  whether  all  three  professions 
ought  or  ought  not  to  re-register  at  stated  intervals, 
it  seems,  nevertheless,  to  be  adding  insult  to  injury, 
that  pharmacists  in  addition  to  being  forced  to  re- 
register, should  have  to  pay  for  so  doing. 

Many  board  officials  have  claimed  with  consider- 
able degree  of  reason  that  re-registration  made  it 
easier  to  keep  track  of  pharmacists,  and  for  board 
members  to  detect  the  fraudulent  use  of  certificates 
of  registration.  To  this  extent,  perhaps,  re-regis- 
tration has  something  to  commend  it,  but  why 
should  pharmacists  be  taxed  to  support  boards  of 
pharmacy  1  Lawyers  are  not  compelled  to  pay  fees 
to  support  the  courts,  doctors  are  not  required  to 
pay  the  cost  of  boards  of  health  or  examining 
boards,  and  this  discrimination  against  pharmacists 
is  plainly  on  a  level  with  class  legislation.  The 
license  fees  of  one  kind  or  another  the  pharmacist 
is  compelled  to  meet  constitute  an  onerous  burden, 
and  that  one  exacted  from  him  for  re-registration 
is  practically  the  penalty  he  pays  for  being  allowed 
to  practice  an  honorable  profession.  In  Ohio,  as 
in  other  States,  there  seems  to  be  need  of  a  read- 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


jitstinent   of   the   relation   of   pharmacists   to   the 
Government. 


ENZYMES  IN   OUR  SEKVICE. 


A  ROMANCER  of  8  dozen  years  ago  brought  the 
inhabitants  of  Mars  to  Earth,  and  thou  allowed 
them  to  perish  by  a  form  of  death  utterly  un- 
dreamed of  by  the  Martians— the  effects  of  germs. 
Somewhat  similar  to  the  feelings  of  the  bacteria- 
stricken  Martians  must  be  the  astonishment  of 
those  who  are  not  quite  abreast  of  the  modem 
developments  of  pharmacy,  on  reading  Professor 
Tschirch's  address  on  "Enzymes,"  appearing  in 
the  last  issue  of  the  Era,  and  in  this  number.  The 
magnitude  of  the  work  silently  carried  on  by  these 
remarkable  substances  is  scarcely  to  be  realized, 
until  the  subject  is  presented  to  us  by  such  a 
master  as  the  Bern  professor.  Although  at  present 
the  circle  of  our  knowledge  is  just  large  enough  to 
allow  us  to  peer  comfortably  into  the  greater  cir- 
cles of  black  ignorance  beyond,  yet  already  we  can 
see  in  what  ways  the  scientific  control  of  these 
bodies  will  be  usefvd  to  us.  Fortunately,  as  with 
micro-organisms,  there  are  benign  and  malignant 
enzj'mes,  so  to  speak.  Some  work  disastrous  results 
in  drugs,  while  without  the  aid  of  others  the  medic- 
inal plants  would  be  worthless.  Our  task  shall  now 
be  to  distinguish  the  good  from  the  bad,  and  de- 
termine the  conditions  under  which  the  former  can 
act  for  the  greatest  benefit  of  mankind. 


THE   NEW    ERA   FORMULARY. 


to  answer  all  questions  as  to  the  method  of  manu- 
facture, information  that  is  usually  very  abbrevi- 
ateil  or  entirely  omitted  from  many  works  of  this 
character.  AYe  can,  with  confidence,  recommend 
this  book  to  all  retail  druggists,  pharmacists  and 
manufacturers  who  want  a  thorouglily  reliable  and 
up-to-date  formulary. 


A  MOST  valuable  aid  to  the  druggist  and  manu- 
facturer is  a  good  formula  book,  and  too  often  it 
is  just  the  aid  he  lacks.  In  some  special  lines  or 
upon  some  subjects  there  are  plenty  of  such  works, 
but  when  it  comes  to  one  which  shall  embrace  the 
general  branches  of  information  with  which  the 
druggist  must  be  conversant,  then  those  which  he 
may  procure  are  foimd  to  be  unsatisfactory,  and 
generally  lacking  ju.st  the  one  formula  or  class  of 
formulas  which  he  most  desires. 

The  new  Era  Formulary,  now  in  the  printer's 
hands,  is  designed  to  furnish  a  collection  of  for- 
mulas which  in  scope  and  trustworthiness  possess 
a  value  far  beyond  that  the  druggist  can  derive 
from  a  whole  library  of  ordinary  receipt  books. 
The  new  formulas  cover  all  of  the  branches  of 
manufacturing  that  pertain  to  the  professional  and 
mercantile  calling  of  pharmacy,  and  many  special 
fields  in  which  manufacturers  of  technical  products 
are  interested.  The  whole  range  of  technical  litera- 
ttire  has  been  scanned  to  get  the  best  and  most 
recent  information  for  this  work,  and  the  nearly 
8000  formulas  represent  several  years  of  compila- 
tion. ]\Iany  of  these  formulas  are  original  con- 
tributions to  The  Pharmaceutical  Era,  others 
have  never  before  been  published,  but  all  have  been 
selected  with  the  distinct  purpose  of  making  avail- 
able information  not  usually  easily  obtainable,  and 
thus  giving  the  user  of  the  book  a  means  of  in- 
creasing his  manufacturing  operations  and  also  his 
source  of  income.  The  instructions  given  with 
each  formula  or  process  are  sufficiently  complete 


THE   DISCOVERY   OF   QUININE. 


"When  the  two  French  savants,  Pelletier  and 
Caventou,  isolated  the  alkaloids  cinchonine  and 
quinine  from  cinchona  bark,  they  placed  the  crown 
on  a  long  series  of  investigations,  during  which 
several  workers  actually  had  the  sought-for  sub- 
stances in  their  hands,  but  remained  in  ignorance 
of  their  good  fortune.  Not  until  Sertuerner's  dis- 
cover}' of  morphine  did  the  chemical  world  realize- 
that  plants  contained  a  new  class  of  bodies,  the 
so-called  plant  alkalies,  at  least  one  of  which,  mor- 
phine, was  endowed  with  enormous  activity. 
Guided  by  the  new  idea,  discoveries  followed  apace. 
Instead  of  seeking  for  resins,  acids,  oils,  or  gums, 
the  investigators  aimed  at  finding  new  plant  bases, 
with  the  result  that  in  less  than  three  years  five 
alkaloids  had  been  obtained.  The  significance  of 
Sertuerner's  work  lies  in  the  fact  that  he  had  the 
insight  to  realize  the  analogy  between  the  organic 
ba.se  morphimn  and  the  common  alkalies,  soda, 
potassa  and  ammonia.  The  service  of  the  discov- 
erers of  quinine,  while  not  so  great  in  its  theoretical 
bearings,  is  perhaps  just  as  important  from  the 
standpoint  of  medicine. 


Urges  Sunday  Closing  of  Drug  Stores. 


To  the  Editor  of  the  Era: 

I  suppose  it  will  bring  happiness  to  the  hearts  of  the  phar- 
macists to  know  that  the  up-State  pharmacists  are  favoring  a 
bill  which  will  close  the  drug  shops  on  the  Sabbath,  and  give 
the  pharmacist  an  opportunity  to  spend  at  least  one  day  a  week 
with  his  family  and  friends — at  least  one  day  where,  if  he 
cares,  he  can  attend  a  lecture  or  an  educational  meeting  where- 
by his  knowledge  may  be  broadened.  The  pharmacist  in  the 
last  decade  has  suffered  from  want  of  matters  of  interest,  from 
narrow-mindedness  due  solely  to  his  solitary  confinement.  It 
is  high  time  that  he  awakened  and  put  himself  on  a  parity  with 
other  professions. 

Foreign  countries  are  far  more  advanced  than  we  in  that 
respect.  Aie  we  not  flesh  and  bones  like  our  brother  phar- 
macists on  the  other  side?  Does  not  our  skin  bleed  when 
pricked  with  a  pin  or  a  needle?  Does  not  red  blood  run 
through  our  veins?  Then,  why  should  we  be  made  to  suffer 
more  than  others?  Why  should  we  be  permitted  to  weaken 
our  minds  for  a  few  paltry  dollars?  The  pharmaceutical 
journals  all  over  the  country  have  been  preaching  this  Sunday- 
closing  sermon  for  a  long  time.  Let  such  journals  come  to  the 
fore  now,  when  their  help  is  most  needed.  Let  them  fight, 
and  fight  hard,  for  the  betterment  of  the  profession  and  for 
the  good  of  the  cause.     Surely,  it  would  be  a  godsend. 

Imagine  a  pharmacist,  who  cannot  afford  a  clerk,  working 
from  morn  till  night,  year  in  and  year  out !  Of  course,  there 
are  a  few  miserable  characters  in  this  profession  who  object 
to  Sunday  closing  solely  for  the  sake  of  a  few  paltry  dollars, 
but  whose  excuse  may  be  explained  otherwise.  Let  their 
faces  be  wreathed  in  shame.  They  should  never  have  been 
permitted  to  enter  into  this  profession.  Let  the  cries  of  these 
few  be  drowned  in  the  cheers  of  the  multitude  who  favor 
Sunday  closing.  J.B.W. 


January,  1914] 


THE    PHARJMACEUTICAL   ERA 


II.     Prof.  Alex.  Tschirch  on:  "Enzymes 

{Concluded  jront 
FKESH  PLANT  VS.  DRUG. 


THE  changes  considered  heretofore,  which  medicinal  plants 
undergo  during  drying,  are  outwardly  perceptible  to  the 
eye  or  nose,  but  we  know  that  they  also  suffer  deep- 
seated  inner  modifications,  not  directly  to  be  apprehended — so 
that  we  can  say  that  the  drug  is  in  no  wise  identical  with  the 
fresh  plant.  But  by  this  we  do  not  mean  to  say  that  the 
examples  of  Cochlearia,  which  loses  almost  all  of  its  activity  on 
drying,  or  that  of  Aegle  Marmelos,  the  fresh  fruit  of  which 
saved  my  life  in  India,  but  which  is  worthless  when  dry,  are 
repeated  with  all  other  plants,  or  even  with  the  majority  of 
drugs— not  at  all !  It  is  totally  erroneous  to  assume  that  the 
fresh  plants  are  under  all  circumstances  more  active  than  the 
drugs.  At  times  this  may  be  true,  but  often  it  is  not  the  case. 
The  question  must  be  tested  in  each  instance.  It  is  only 
certain  that  the  dried  drug  is  a  different  pharmacological  in- 
dividual from  the  living  plant ;  but  different  does  not  always 
mean  better.  If  I  wish  to  brew  some  gentian  brandy,  I  must 
allow  the  fresh  gentian  root  to  ferment,  since  in  the  dried  drug 
the  fermentable  saccharide  has  been  transformed,  and  it  is  of 
no  value  for  the  preparation  of  an  alcoholic  drink,  although  as 
a  drug  it  is  better  than  the  fresh  root.  Much  depends,  there- 
fore, on  the  use  to  be  made  of  the  material. 

The  above-mentioned  process — the  splitting  up  of  a  glu- 
coside  and  o.xidation  of  an  aglucon,  is  apparently  a  frequent 
one  in  the  drying  of  drugs,  and  is  not  confined  to  the  gluco- 
tannids.  The  combined  action  of  the  hydrolyzing  and  oxidiz- 
ing ferments  may  be  observed,  as  Bourquelot  showed,  in  a 
really  classical  example,  that  of  salicin,  which  is  first  broken  up 
by  emulsin  into  a  glucon  and  salicylic  alcohol,  the  latter  then 
being  oxidized  by  an  oxydase  to  salicylic  aldehyde. 

Hence  it  may  be  regarded  as  proved  that  during  the  drying 
of  drugs,  glucosides  undergo  changes  under  the  influence  of 
enzymes,  and  not  only  a  mere  splitting  up,  but  a  direct  de- 
composition. 

The  modifications  suffered  by  alkaloids  during  the  drying  of 
drugs  have  not  yet  been  accurately  investigated.  According  to 
the  work  of  Lesueur,  it  appears  that  these  changes  are  not 
considerable.  An  interesting  observation  is  that  of  Schoon- 
broodt,  that  pure  alkaloids  can  be  obtained  in  a  crystallized 
form  much  more  easily  from  fresh  plants,  while  the  same 
methods  applied  to  dried  plants  usually  give  amorphous  prod- 
ucts. 

We  are  therefore  certain  that  the  changes  which  medicinal 
plants  undergo  during  the  drying  process,  and  which  may 
continue  subsequently  to  the  extraction  of  the  dried  drug,  are 
for  the  most  part  due  to  enzyme  action.  And  to  enzyme 
effects  we  must  ascribe  the  later  alterations  in  many  plant 
extracts,  such  as  the  aging  of  tinctures  and  of  wine.  For  *he 
statement  that  enzymes  are  insoluble  in  alcohol  is  known  to  be 
incorrect.  There  are  many  which  are  especially  soluble  in 
dilute  alcohol. 

Stability   of    Enzymes. 

What,  now,  is  the  behavior  of  the  enzymes  themselves,  while 
a  plant  is  being  dried?  Bourquelot  showed  that  many  plants 
contain  enzymes  only  in  the  green  state,  but  lose  them  on  dry- 
ing, or  after  long  keeping.  Some  drugs,  like  Cichor'mm,  Tarax- 
acum, and  Althaea,  still  contain  many  enzymes  in  the  dried 
state,  and  especially  the  enzymes  of  the  gums  and  gum  resins, 
which  always  contain  oxydases,  are  of  the  most  resistant  kinds. 
In  the  dried  state  gum  arable  will  keep  its  enzymes  unchanged 
for  dozens  of  years,  and  the  same  thing  has  been  observed  by 
us  in  the  laccase  of  Japan  lac,  which  plays  an  important  part 
in  the  transformation  of  the  primary  resinous  material  into 
the  completely  insoluble,  very  resistant  oxidation  product, 
which  gives  the  lacquers  of  Japanese  wares  their  character. 
The  enzymes  accompanying  the  gummy  portions  of  gum  resins, 
and  apparently  having  an  important  role  in  the  chemical  work 
of  the  colloidal  membranous  layer,  which  I  have  called  the 
resinogen  layer,  and  which,  as  is  known,  forms  the  gummy 
parts  of  the  gum  resins,  are  also  very  stable. 

But  when  speaking  of  resistance  and  non-resistance,  we 
must  not  infer  that  all  members  of  the  enzyme  mixture  show 
the  same  properties.     We  find  both  sensitive  and  resistant  en- 


*Translatcd    for    The     Pharmaceutical     Era    from     the 
"Apotheker  Zeitung,  1913,  p.  881. 


in  Their  Significance  for  Pharmacognosy." 

December  Issue.) 

zymes.  And  a  more  careful  study  of  these  bodies  will  doubt- 
less extend  the  scale  of  sensitivity  in  a  large  degree.  Thus,  in 
the  case  of  drugs  which  give  evidence  of  enzyme  activity  in  the 
dry  condition,  tlie  more  sensitive  part  of  the  enzymes  may  have 
perished,  while  the  more  resistant  ones,  to  which  the  o.xydases 
belong,  have  survived. 

Should  All  Drugs  Be  Sterilized? 

A  question  of  great  import  to  us  is:  "Shall  we  kill  the 
enzymes  in  the  fresh  plant  by  sterilization" — which  must  be 
sharply  distinguished  from  the  question,  "Shall  we  prepare  our 
remedies  from  fresh  medicinal  plants?"  Shall  we  preserve  the 
enzymes,  or  shall  we  by  some  means  render  them  inactive? 
This  query  demands  first  of  all  the  answer  to  another,  which  is 
still  unanswered:  "Do  all  enzymes  have  a  medicinal  action?" 
On  this  point  we  know  very  little.  Pepsin  and  papayotin  are, 
of  course,  employed  in  medicine,  and  in  many  other  prepara- 
tions enzymatic  forces  may  be  at  work  in  a  limited  measure, 
but  nevertheless  it  appears  that  the  human  organism,  in  gen- 
eral, cannot  utilize  many  of  the  enzymes  introduced  from  with- 
out. It  produces  so  many  itself,  that  there  is  a  great  probability 
that  the  healthy  organism  quickly  destroys  enzymes  brought  in 
from  without,  and  assimilates  them,  and  that  only  in  patho- 
logical conditions  can  they  occasionally  be  of  use.  Those 
enzymes  which  are  unstable  toward  acids  are  destroyed  in 
the  stomach,  while  those  which  are  unstable  toward  alkalies 
perish  in  the  intestines.  For  instance,  it  is  known  tha.  zymase 
is  destroyed  by  trypsin,  the  proteolytic  ferment  of  the  gastric 
juice.  Only  in  the  case  of  the  herbivorous  animals  do  we 
know  that  they  require  the  enzymes  present  in  their  food,  for 
the  complete  assimilation  of  the  latter,  especially  of  cellulose. 
Whether  in  the  pharmacological  use  of  drugs  the  enzymes  are 
effective  in  the  alimentary  canal,  we  do  not  know. 

Of  importance,  but  not  to  be  considered  here,  is  the  be- 
havior of  the  enzymes  formed  by  the  animal  body  within  the 
organigm  itself,  and  in  vitro,  toward  the  several  groups  of 
substances  found  in  drugs,  the  glucosides,  alkaloids,  esters,  and 
ethers,  which  behavior  is  of  importance  for  the  pharmacological 
action  of  the  latter. 

We  can  accordingly  limit  the  preceding  question  thus:  "Are 
the  changes  which  enzymes  produce  during  the  drying  of 
plants,  so  considerable  and  so  harmful,  that  it  is  advisable  to 
kill  the  enzymes  before  drying?"  To  reply  to  this  question,  we 
must  again  glance  at  the  enzymes  which  occur  in  plants.  The 
chief  members  are  the  hydrolases  and  o.xydases,  and  among 
the  first  especially  the  glucosidases  and  esterases,  which  bring 
about  both  internal  and  externally  perceivable  modifications. 
Appearance    of   Drugs   Important. 

The  modifications  discernable  outwardly,  those  of  color  and 
odor,  are  of  unequal  importance.  Odor  is  usually  improved, 
as  has  been  stated,  provided  the  temperature  is  not  too  high, 
and  an^  evaporation  of  the  odorous  principles  to  any  great 
extent  is  avoided.  In  exceptional  cases  distillers  use  fresh 
plants  for  the  distillation  of  oils.  Only  the  sensitive  perfumes 
of  the  violet,  tuberose,  orange  flowers  and  roses  are  extracted 
or  distilled  from  the  fresh  blossoms.  The  case  is  different  with 
the  color.  In  no  case  is  there  any  improvement  in  color;  dis- 
coloration is  the  rule.  However,  since  coloring  matters  do  not, 
as  a  usual  thing,  belong  to  the  active  constituents,  it  may  be 
regarded  as  immaterial,  from  the  pharmacological  standpoint, 
whether  color  changes  take  place  or  not.  But  with  drugs,  as 
with  foods,  it  is  true  that  psychic  influences  cannot  be  entirely 
left  out  of  account.  Well  prepared  dishes,  having  an  attractive 
appearance,  are  more  enjoyed  and  are  better  assimilated  than 
those  which  are  uncleanly  and  inelegant.  In  the  same  way, 
the  external  appearance  of  drugs  is  not  entirely  a  matter  of 
indifference.  Other  things  being  equal,  we  will  prefer  sightly 
drugs   to   discolored   ones. 

Internal  changes  can  be  ascertained  and  characterized  only 
through  pharmacological  experiment  and  chemical  investigation. 
Experience  has  shown  that,  as  a  rule,  either  the  hydrolases 
and  the  oxydases,  or  one  of  the  two  groups,  brings  about  these 
changes,  breaking  up  glucosides  and  oxidizing  susceptible  sub- 
stances, thus  altering  the  drug  in  a  manner  which  might  better 
be  avoided:  although  the  statement  cannot  be  made  without 
reservation  that  a  glucoside  is  always  more  active  than  its  con- 
stituents. At  any  rate,  the  e.xperiment  would  be  interesting 
and  valuable,  to  compare  "sterilized"  and  "unsterilized"  plants 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[January,  1914 


and  their  preparations  with  each  other.  But  the  investigator 
must  beware  of  regarding  the  sterilized  drugs  as  a  priori  more 
serviceable,  and  must  continually  bear  in  mind  that  both 
^•arieties  are  different  pharmacological  individuals,  and  hence 
that  the  sterilized  drugs  must  be  tested  chemically,  pharma- 
cologically and  clinically,  since  our  experience  heretofore  has 
been  limited  almost  exclusively  to  unsterilized  drugs. 

Modern  Gralenicals  from  Sterilized  Drug^s. 

Now,  pharmaceutical  practice  is  in  a  position  to  fulfill  these 
demands.  Since  Bourquelot  published  his  basic  article  on 
"Ferments  solubles  oxydants  et  medicaments"  in  1896,  both 
French  workers,  especially  Bourquelot  liimself,  and  Perrot  and 
Goris,  as  well  as  German  investigators,  such  as  Winckel  and 
Bemcgau,  have  been  busy  with  the  problem.  Sterilized  drugs 
and  their  preparations,  even  those  intended  for  subcutaneous 
and  intravenous  injection,  are  to  be  had  on  the  market.  The 
Laboratoire  Pharmaceutique  de  Dausse,  which  proceeds  accord- 
ing to  the  methods  of  Perrot  and  Goris,  has  given  the  not 
wholly  fortunate  name  of  "intraits"  (infracts)  to  extracts  of 
sterilized  drugs,  prepared  by  special  methods,  and  in  addition 
to  intrait  of  digitalis,  of  valerian,  of  horse-chestnut,  of  maUo%y, 
and  of  convallaria,  has  also  put  out  a  fresh  stabilized  digitalis 
powder,  with  a  physiological  assay  according  to  Focke-Joanin. 
This  house  has  set  out  on  the  right  path,  as  it  subjects  all  its 
preparations  to  exact  physiological  and  pharmacological  tests. 
The  fact  appears  in  this  connection  that  quite  different,  and  in 
part  much  more  active  preparations  are  produced,  which  is, 
however,  not  to  be  attributed  to  the  sterilization  alone,  but  to 
the  elimination  of  many  ballast  substances  by  special  processes. 

One  thing  is  certainly  achieved  by  sterilization:  Any  further 
action  of  enzvmes,  which  might  alter  the  composition  of  the 
drug,  is  excluded;  stabilization  is  actually  brought  about.  And 
herein  lies  the  chief  advantage  of  the  new  method. 

In  Germanv  Bemegau  has  prepared  and  introduced  extracts 
made  from  fresh  sterilized  kola,  and  Winckel  has  produced 
sterilized  digitalis  leaves  and  ergot,  as  well  as  sterilized  fresh 
fruit  (Robst).  In  addition,  the  "Dialyses"  and  "Energetenes," 
known  for  a  long  time,  start  with  the  fresh  plants,  which  are 
"exolvzed"  bv  a  suitable  solvent.  In  the  first  "Dialysata  Golaz," 
which  appeared  in  1895,  sterilization  w^as  not  used,  the  en- 
zvmes, which  Golaz  called  "the  soul  of  the  plant,"  being  pur- 
posely preserved.  The  alcoholatures  prepared  with  boiling 
alcohol  from  fresh  plants,  which  Lesueur  recommends  for  cer- 
tain cases,  do  not  seem  to  have  won  their  way  into  use. 

In  anv  case,  the  manifold  and  often  secret  sterilization 
methods— Perrot  and  Goris,  for  instance,  use  alcohol  vapor — 
provided  only  that  the  sterilizing  agent  works  promptly  and 
«nergeticallv.  bring  about  an  unequivocal  killing  of  the  enzymes, 
which  can  never  be  achieved  by  simple  rapid  drying  with  strong 
ventilation,  that  is,  pumping  off  the  water  vapor,  the  most 
complete  method  of  drying.  If  the  material  is  not  absolutely 
drj-,  modifications  will  still  go  on  in  the  drugs  through  the 
agency  of  the  enzymes;  drying  alone  does  not  stabilize  a  drug. 
Indeed,  the  action  of  the  enzymes  may  even  continue  after  the 
drug  has  been  worked  up  into  an  extract.  Rosenthaler  and 
Meyer  have  recently  showed  that  this  is  the  fact  with  gentian, 
cascara  sagrada  and  rhubarb. 

Xot  only  do  the  enzymes  work  changes  in  the  drugs  them- 
selves, but  enzyme-bearing  substances  may  also,  on  being  mixed 
■with  other  materials  or  mixtures  of  materials,  affect  these 
latter.  This  applies  to  the  very  drug  whose  enzyme  reactions 
were  known  first  of  all — gum  arable.  I  have  already  mentioned 
that  the  enzyme-complex  of  this  gum  is  very  stable;  it  is  also 
very  active,  and  the  number  of  observations  is  large  which 
prove  how  great  the  changes  can  be,  if  we  mix  gum  arabic 
mucilage  with  other  substances,  especially  with  those  easily 
oxidizable.  In  order  to  avoid  these  subsequent  changes,  the 
new  Swiss  Pharmacopoeia  has  prescribed  that  mucilage  of  gum 
arabic  shall  be  heated,  so  that  the  enzymes  may  be  killed. 
TIseful  Effects  of  Enzymes. 

Up  to  this  time  we  have  been  discussing  only  the  harmful 
effects  of  enzymes,  but  we  also  know  of  useful  effects.  The 
process  of  fermentation  practiced  on  so  many  drugs,  in  par- 
ticular those  of  the  purine  group — tea,  coffee  and  cocoa — and 
also  on  tobacco,  vanilla  and  tamarinds,  is,  at  least,  according 
to  the  general  assumption,  a  process  of  improvement  and  bet- 
tering the  appearance,  which,  to  he  sure,  is  of  very  different 
significance.  If  we  examine  carefully  the  processes  going  on, 
it  appears,  as  I  showed  in  my  "Textbook  of  Pharmacognosy" 
in  1909.  that  we  cannot  fit  all  of  them  over  the  same  last,  and 
that,  for  instance,  the  fermentation  of  coffee  must  not  be  aligned 
with  that  of  other  drugs.     In  this  case,  we  are  dealing  only 


with  the  removal  of  the  fragments  of  the  pericarp  by  rotting. 
Fermented  coffee  and  that  prepared  by  the  dry  process  have 
tile  same  properties.  Fermentation  in  coffee  does  not  lead  to 
internal  changes  in  the  cells,  and  we  must  accordingly  roast 
it  in  addition,  to  bring  about  this  end.  But  the  case  is  entirely 
different  with  tea  and  cocoa,  the  collection  of  which  I  had 
opportunity  to  study  in  India  in  1888.  Apparently,  we  are 
here  confronted  with  endocellular  processes,  which  go  on  under 
the  influence  of  tlie  enzymes  present  in  tlie  cells.  .■\nd  the 
same  thing  may  hold  true  of  the  curmg  of  tobacco  and  vanilla. 
To  be  sure,  micro-organisms  have  been  sought  for  here,  and 
yeasts  have  lieen  held  responsible  for  Uie  fermentation  processes 
in  tea  and  cocoa  (in  cocoa  s,accharomyces  cells  are  found  in 
large  numbers  in  the  adhering  flesh  of  the  fruit),  and  bacteria 
have  been  suspected  of  being  implicated  in  tobacco;  but  to  me 
it  is  very  doubtful  if  these  are  concerned  in  the  actual  fer- 
mentation, and  are  not  rather  a  secondary  phenomenon.  In 
my  book  I  have  made  these  remarks  about  cocoa  in  particular: 
"In  the  course  of  cocoa  fermentation  two  processes  go  on,  a 
vinous  and  acetous  fermentation  in  the  masses  of  fruit  which 
are  adhering  to  the  seeds,  produced  by  Saccharomyces,  and  a 
fermentation  taking  place  in  the  interior  of  the  cells  forming 
the  cotyledons  of  tlie  enclosed  seeds,  in  which  enzymes  (hydro- 
lytic  and  o.xydases)  are  active.  Whether  this  latter  true  fer- 
mentation is  dependent  upon  or  influenced  by  the  former, 
cannot  be  stated." 

It  is  still  to  be  proved,  whether  the  micro-organisms,  which 
are  undoubtedly  present,  and  their  metabolism  products,  which 
are  also  enzymes  in  part,  as  well  as  the  substances  formed  in 
exogenous  fermentation  processes,  as  acetic  acid,  influence  or 
modify  the  principal  fermentation.  There  are  some  indications 
that  certain  enzymes  are  more  energetic  in  acid  solution.  But 
may  not  the  method  occasionally  employed  with  vanilla,  of 
dipping  the  fruits  before  curing  into  hot  water,  have  as  its  very 
purpose  the  destruction  of  the  micro-organisms  adhering  ex- 
ternally, which  cause  a  false  fermentation?  At  any  rate,  the 
endogenous  endocellular  fermentation  is  the  principal  question, 
and  there  is  no  doubt  that  the  high  temperature  always  ob- 
served during  the  fermentation  of  drugs  lying  in  heaps  enhances 
the  effect  of  the  enzymes,  for  it  is  one  of  the  characteristics  of 
these  substances,  that  they  are  most  energetic  at  about  blood 
heat,  that  is,   between  30  and  40  degrees. 

Role  of  Enzymes  in  Tea,   Coca,  Indigo. 

But  we  also  find  the  process  of  stabilizing,  by  killing  at  least 
the  more  sensitive  enzymes  by  gentle  heat,  in  the  case  of  the 
purine  drugs.  The  heating  of  tea  leaves  before  rolling  in  the 
manufacture  of  green  tea,  and  the  procedure  of  drawing  the 
mate  branches  through  a  flame  before  warming  on  the  "girao," 
have  this  end  in  view.  The  green  color  of  the  finished  green 
tea  and  of  mate  shows  that  the  processes  have  not  gone  on, 
which  lead  to  the  formation  of  the  red-brown  decomposition 
products.  Dried  coca  leaves  can  be  distinguished  even  by 
color  from  the  "coca  pisada,"  which  has  been  trodden  by  the 
feet  after  sprinkling  the  wilted  leaves:  "coca  pisada"  is  dark 
in  color.  In  earlier  days  the  formation  of  color  in  the  fer- 
mentation processes  of  indigo  extracts  and  litmus  lichens  was 
ascribed  to  enzymes  produced  by  micro-organisms.  But  re- 
cently investigators,  such  as  Molisch  and  van  Lookeren,  incline 
to  the  view  that  in  the  indigo  process  micro-organisms  play  no 
important  part,  although  certain  bacteria  are  able  to  build  up 
indigo  from  indican.  Rawson  pictures  the  process  as  a  purely 
diastatic  one,  going  on  of  itself  under  the  influence  of  endo- 
cellular enzymes  set  free  in  the  plants.' 

Fermentation  processes  caused  by  the  endocellular  enzymes 
are  also  responsible  for  the  increased  development  of  odorous 
substances  in  the  semi-moist  bales  of  patchouli  leaves  during 
the  sea  voyage,  and  the  formation  of  the  dark,  almost  black 
color  of  the  originally  reddish-brown  tamarinds,  when  the  latter, 
as  happens  in  India,  are  subjected  to  fermentation. 
Hig-hest  Aim  to  Utilize  Enzymes. 

But  all  of  these  very  important  and  interesting  processes 
have  been  little  examined  in  detail.  When  we  have  learned 
their  cause,  conditions  and  modus  operandi,  we  shall  be  able 
to  regulate  them  and  improve  them.  Here  is  opening  up  a 
wide  field  for  pharmacognosy,  the  compass  and  problems  of 
which  grow  from  day  to  day.  Our  highest  goal  is  not  to 
eliminate  the  harmful  effects  of  enzymes,  but  to  use  the  enzymes 
in  the  service  of  mankind,  to  make  them  available  for  drugs, 
just  as  we  have  so  long  used  them  in  the  preparation  of  foods, 
in  brewing,  in  w-ine  manufacture,  in  cheese  and  dairy  practice, 
and  in  baking,  in  all  places  where  enzymes  produced  by  micro- 
organisms exist,    which   cause   the   process  of   "fermentation." 


Januaby,  1914] 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


When  we  shall  have  also  learned  to  utilize  the  enzymes  of  the 
higher  plants — as  is  already  done  in  the  case  of  lipase,  in 
splitting  up  fats,  with  myrosin  in  preparing  mustard  oil,  and 
emulsin  in  breaking  up  almond  amygdalin — the  circle  of  useful 
enzymatic  effects  will  still  be  capable  of  great  expansion,  and, 
in  the  words  of  Goethe,  we  shall  proceed  from  amazement  to 
contemplation   and  from   contemplation  to   investigation. 

That  is  one  of  the  thoughts  to  which  we  are  brought  by  a 
consideration  of  the  enzyme  question.  To  such  thoughts  are 
we  led  by  the  philosophy  of  pharmacognosy  and  the  rationally 
conducted  experiment.  And  Houston  Stewart  Chamberlain  has 
said:  "Science  without  philosophy  is  a  mere  bureau  of  regis- 
tration." 


Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacy. — II. 


THE    DISCOVERT    OF   QtriNINE. 


IT  was  once  remarked,  at  a  gathering  of  chemists  who  were 
reviewing  the  life-work  of  a  fellow  member,  that  although 
he  had  enriched  chemical  science  by  the  discovery  of  many 
important  facts,  it  was  regrettable  that  he  did  not  leave  behind 
him  any  new  method  of  investigation.  The  inference  was  that 
the  origination  of  new  methods  is  of  greater  benefit  to  science 
than  the  accumulation  of  facts  and  the  discovery  of  new  com- 
pounds. This  is  well  illustrated  in  the  years  following  Sertuer- 
ner's  discovery  of  morphine,  2ts  related  in  the  December  issue 
of  the  Er.\.  Not  only  did  this  pharmacist  bring  to  light  the 
first  member  of  a  new  class  of  vegetable  alkalies,  but  he  gave 
to  the  world  a  new  weapon  of  research.  The  troublous  times 
after  the  French  Revolution  having  passed,  communication 
among  the  nations  of  Eastern  Europe  again  became  reliable 
and  universal,  with  the  result  that  chemists  of  other  countries 
outside  of  Germany  began  to  avail  themselves  of  Serteumer's 
methods  of  isolating  the  active  principles  of  certain  plants,  and 
new  discoveries  followed  rapidly. 

New  Alkaloids  Appear. 

Prominent  among  the  French  chemists  of  the  time  were 
Pelletier  and  Caventou.  Immediately  after  the  finding  of  mor- 
phine in  opium  became  known,  these  two  men  began  a  series 
of  investigations  into  the  principles  of  medicinal  plants.  In 
1818  they  obtained  a  new  alkaline  base  from  nux  vomica,  and 
named  it  strychnine.  The  same  base  was  later  found  by  them 
in  Ignatia  bean.  In  the  same  year  they  isolated  brucine  from 
"false  Angostura  bark,"  which  was  then  supposed  to  be  de- 
rived from  Brucea  ferruginea,  but  is  now  known  to  be  simply 
the  bark  of  Strychnos  Nux  Vomica.  Brucine  was  later  found 
in  nux  vomica  and  Ignatia  bean.  In  1820  the  same  workers 
obtained  a  new  base  from  cevadilla.  According  to  the  classi- 
fication of  the  day,  this  drug  was  derived  from  Veratrum 
Sabadilla,  and  the  new  vegetable  alkali  was  therefore  named 
veratrine.  Pelletier  and  Caventou  regarded  this  substance  as 
identical  with  another,  found  in  Veratrum  album,  and  also 
identified  it  with  the  alkali  from  Colchicum  aututnnale,  in 
which  supposition  they  erred. 

Other  active  principles  discovered  about  this  time  were  del- 
phine,  from  Delphinium  staphisagria,  obtained  by  Lassaigne 
and  Feneulle  in  1819 ;  picrotoxin,  from  Cocculus  Indicus;  and 
daphnin,  found  by  Vauquelin  in  Daphne  alpina.  The  two 
latter  substances  are  not  alkaloids. 

Thought  to  Contain  No  Nitrogen. 
Thus  the  new  group  of  vegetable  alkalies,  instituted  by 
Sertevuner,  contained  at  least  five  members  when  Pelletier  and 
Caventou  turned  their  attention  to  cinchona  bark.  It  is  re- 
markable that  none  of  the  investigators  had  thus  far  noticed 
the  constant  presence  of  the  element  nitrogen  in  these  vegetable 
bases.  In  most  cases  the  reports  expressly  state  that  nitrogen 
is  not  present.  The  method  used  in  testing  for  nitrogen,  or 
azote,  was  to  heat  the  substance  with  copper  oxide,  and  col- 
lect the  gases  formed  in  alkaline  solutions.  It  was  thought 
that  if  any  nitrogen  was  present,  it  would  pass  over  in  gaseous 
form,  and  could  be  collected  as  such.  But  apparently,  all  the 
nitrogen,  in  every  instance,  must  have  been  transformed  into 
o.xides,  which  were  absorbed  by  the  alkalies,  and  thus  lost 
sight  of  in  the  subsequent  examinations.  This  is  the  only 
explanation  we  can  offer  to  account  for  the  failure  of  every 
worker  in  plant  chemistry  to  detect  nitrogen  in  the  alkaloids. 
Cinchona  bark  had  been  in  use  in  Europe  for  150  years  be- 
fore a  systematic  analysis  was  made.     In   1791   Fourcroy  pub- 


lished the  results  of  an  elaborate  study  of  various  cinchonas. 
He  isolated  a  large  number  of  mLxed  substances,  but  as  his 
methods  were  chiefly  of  a  physical  nature,  he  did  not  succeed 
in  obtaining  any  materials  which  threw  much  light  on  the 
chemical  nature  of  the  principles  present  in  the  bark.  Gum, 
resin,  tcinnin,  coloring  matter,  etc.,  were  foimd,  but  no  definite 
chemical  individua's  were  isolated.  Fourcroy's  methods  were 
used  by  later  chemists,  with  equally  unprofitable  results.  In  a. 
letter  to  the  editors  of  the  Annales  de  Chimie,  \'ol.  XXl,  p. 
16S,  1793,  G.  C.  Berthollet  relates  that  on  treating  a  decoction 
of  cinchona  with  lime  water,  he  obtained  a  dark  red  precipitate 
which,  when  dry,  "was  as  hard  as  hardened  clay."  This  precipi- 
tate must  have  contained  some  of  the  alkaloids  of  cinchona,  prob- 
ably mixed  with  quinate  of  calcium,  resins,  gums,  and  colored 
with  cinchona  red. 

.\  few  years  later,  in  1799,  Westring,  a  Swedish  pharmacist, 
%vas  engaged  in  the  analysis  of  cinchona,  especially  of  the 
Royal,  or  Brazil  variety  (C.  ftava).  He  concluded  that  the 
virtue  of  the  bark  in  quartan  fevers  was  due  principally  to  its- 
"tanning"  property  {vis  coriaria).  This  hypothesis  was  sup- 
ported to  some  e-xtent  by  the  fact  that  a  number  of  drugs 
which  were  thought  to  be  efficacious  in  similar  affections  were 
known  to  contain  much  tannin  or  gallic  acid. 

Duncan   Isolates  "Cinchonin." 

The  studies  of  Duncan  led  that  worker  to  believe  that  the 
active  principle  of  cinchona  resided  in  a  precipitate  obtained 
by  treating  an  infusion  of  the  bark  with  an  infusion  of  galls. 
To  this  substance  the  name  cinchotiin  was  given.  The  Portu- 
guese physician  Gomez  followed  up  the  work  of  Duncan,  and 
seciu'ed  a  white  crystalline  material,  which  he  considered  to  be 
the  pure  substance  sought  by  Duncan.  He  retained  the  name 
cinchonin.  His  new  substance  was  obtained  by  the  action  of 
caustic  alkalies  on  the  water-soluble  part  of  the  alcoholic  ex- 
tract of  the  bark,  and  there  is  little  reason  to  doubt  that  it 
was  actually  what  is  now  known  as  cinchonine.  Gomez,  how- 
ever, stated  that  it  was  neither  acid  nor  basic  in  its  natrnre. 

About  this  time  Deschamps  isolated  the  "essential  salt"  of 
cinchona.  But  as  it  was  almost  tasteless,  easily  soluble  in 
water,  insoluble  in  alcohol,  and  contained  lime,  there  is  every 
reason  to  believe  that  his  essential  salt  was  calcium  quinate. 
This  is  confirmed  by  the  fact  that  Vauquelin  later,  in  1806, 
obtained  quinic  or  kinic  acid  from  this  substance,  by  merely 
treating  it  with  oxalic  acid.  It  is  also  probable  that  Vauquelin 
extracted  the  alkaloids  of  cinchona  in  crude  form,  as  he  treated 
infusions  with  potassium  hydroxide,  and  got  a  number  of 
precipitates  of  various  colors.  The  researches  of  Seguin,  pub- 
lished in  1814,  revealed  nothing  of  great  importance,  although 
they  were  quite  extended,  and  included  the  study  of  the  effects 
of  many  reagents  on  cinchona  extracts.  Among  his  statements 
is  one  to  the  effect  that  a  bitter  taste  is  not  an  essential  char- 
acteristic of  the  febrifuge  principle  of  cinchona.  Other  work- 
ers who  desene  mention  are  Reuss,  of  iloscow,  who  first 
isolated  cinchona  red,  and  Laubert,  who  obtained  practically 
the  same  substance  as  the  cinchonin  of  Gomez,  and  considered 
it  to  be  a  resin. 

Discovery  of  Cinchoiiine. 

The  account  of  the  labors  of  Pelletier  and  Caventou  appears 
in  a  paper  read  before  the  French  Academy  on  September  11, 
1820,  and  published  in  Annales  de  Chimie  et  de  Physiquey 
Vol.  15,  pp.  289  and  337,  1820.  These  two  chemists  called  in 
question  Gomez's  statement  about  the  neutral  character  of  the 
substance  cinchonin.  They  pointed  out  that  a  keen  young, 
student,  Houton-Labillardiere,  had  already  called  the  atten- 
tion to  the  fact  that  the  very  method  of  preparation  used  by 
Gomez  indicates  that  cinchonin  is  a  vegetable  alkali.  E.xperi- 
ments  soon  confirmed  this  supposition,  and  the  name  was 
changed  to  cinchonine.  Of  this  base.  Pelletier  and  Caventou 
prepared  the  sulphate,  hydrochloride,  nitrate,  acetate,  phosphate, 
oxalate,  tartrate,  and  gallate.  They  also  confirmed  the  pres- 
ence of  ^"auqueIin's  quinic  acid.  The  bark  used  in  this  work 
was  the  gray  cinchona,  or  C.  Condaminea. 

The  same  methods  were  then  applied  to  yellow  cinchona, 
obtained  according  to  the  authors,  from  C.  cordiioUa.  Entirely 
xmexpected  results  were  found,  which  are  best  described  in  the 
investigators'  own  words: 

"We  prepared  some  tinctures  of  yellow  cinchona,  to  extract 
the  resinoid  substances;  the  latter,  treated  with  potassa,  left 
behind  a  yellowish  substance  which  dissolved,  in  large  pro- 
portion, in  hydrochloric  acid  diluted  with  water,  leaving  behind 
a  fatty  material  which  differed  from  that  of  gray  cinchona 
only  by  its  yellow  color.     The  acid  liquor  was  colored  yellow; 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


it  was  ver>'  strongly  bitter,  and  resembled  much  a  hydrochloric 
acid  solution  of  cindionine.  In  this  condition  we  added  mag- 
nesia in  amounts  more  than  sufficient  to  combine  with  the 
hydrochloric  acid.  The  liquor  was  in  great  part  decolorized. 
The  magnesia  precipitate  was  washed,  dried  on  the  water  bath, 
and  treated  with  alcohol. 

New  Substance  Not  Crystalline. 

"The  alcoholic  liquors  were  distilled  at  first,  then  abandoned 
to  a  slow  evaporation;  we  then  expected  to  have  a  fine  crys- 
tallization of  cinchonine;  what  was  our  surprise  on  obtaining 
only  a  yellowish  transparent  substance,  in  no  wise  crystalline ! 

"According  to  our  reasoning,  the  substance  should  have  been 
cinchonine,  mingled  with  some  foreign  material  peculiar  to 
yellow  cinchona;  but  all  our  efforts  did  not  enable  us  to 
separate  from  the  supposed  cinchonine  the  foreign  matter 
which  we  thought  was  imited  with  it;  solution  in  new  quan- 
tities of  acid  offered  us  nothing  special,  we  separated  only  a 
little  fatty  matter. 

A  little  coloring  material  was  removed  by  lead  subacetate, 
but  still  the  supposed  cinchonine  would  not  crystallize.  Dis- 
solving in  ether  and  e\'aporating  gave  no  better  results. 
"Finally,  having  dissolved  our  material  in  water  and  acetic  acid, 
we  added  ammonium  oxalate;  immediately  there  was  formed  a 
precipitate  of  a  dazzling  white,  that  one  would  have  taken  for 
oxalate  of  lime,  if  it  had  not  been  soluble  in  alcohol.  This 
precipitate,  treated  with  magnesia,  and  then  with  alcohol,  again 
furnished  us  an  uncrystallized  substance.  At  last — a  remark- 
able thing  1 — this  material,  thus  Ueated,  dissolved  in  all  acids 
(some  must  be  in  excess)  and  formed  very  white  salts,  which 
seemed  to  be  more  easily  crystallized  than  the  salts  of  cin- 
chonine, from  which  they  differ  in  form  and  aspect. 

"It  is  thus,  by  force  of  circumstances,  we  have  been  led  to 
consider  the  bitter  material  of  yellow  cinchona  as  a  special 
salifiable  base,  and  different  from  cinchonine.  We  declare  at 
the  same  time  that  it  is  only  after  mature  reflections,  in  con- 
sequence of  a  number  of  trials,  and  after  having  made  a  great 
number  of  salts,  that  we  decided  to  distinguish  the  alkali  of 
yellow  cinchona  from  that  of  gray  cinchona;  but  what  espe- 
cially determined  us  to  make  this  distinction  is  the  simul- 
taneous existence  of  these  two  substances  in  some  species  of 
cinchona,  and  the.  possibility  of  separating  them  from  each 
other.  In  effect,  if  the  bitter  principle  of  yellow  cinchona  is 
only  cinchonine  imited  with  another  substance,  how  could  one 
separate  ptrre  cinchona  from  impure  cinchona,  if  they  should 
be  reunited?  As  well  say  that  one  could  at  the  same  time 
purify  and  not  purify  cinchonine  from  the  matters  with  which 
it  is  sullied. 

"If  the  examination  which  we  shall  make  of  the  alkali  of 
yellow  cinchona  proves  to  us  that  it  differs  essentially  from 
cinchonine,  the  same  examination  will  lead  us  to  recognize  in 
these  two  substances  many  analogous  properties.  Thus  it  is 
that,  in  the  medicinal  properties  of  yellow  cinchona  and  gray 
cinchona,  one  finds  a  great  analogy,  but  not  a  perfect  identity; 
so  that  in  certain  diseases  gray  cinchona  is  employed  with 
advantage,  while  in  other  cases  yellow  cinchona  is  justly 
praised.  Since,  in  a  work  of  some  extent,  we  are  obliged  to 
designate  the  alkali  of  yellow  cinchona  without  using  any 
paraphrases;  since,  moreover,  this  substance,  being  well  char- 
acterized, deser\ed  a  special  name  just  as  much  as  its  congener 
in  gray  cinchona,  we  have  thought  it  proper  to  name  it 
quinine,  to  distinguish  it  from  cinchonine,  by  a  term  equally 
indicating  its  origin. 

Properties  of  Quinine. 

"Quinine  never  crystallizes.  Dried,  and  deprived  of  all 
humidity,  it  forms  a  porous  mass  of  a  dirty  white  color;  it  is 
very  little  soluble  in  water;  boiling  water  dissolves  only  about 
0.005;  cold  water  dissolves  even  less;  in  spite  of  its  slight 
solubility,  this  substance  is  very  bitter;  we  cannot  deny  to  it 
a  certain  affinity  for  water,  for  when  one  evaporates  a  solution 
of  quinine  in  alcohol  which  is  not  absolute,  it  retains  some 
water  with  force,  from  which  results  a  sort  of  transparent 
hydrate,  melting  at  90  degrees;  while,  deprived  of  water  by 
long-continued  heat,  quinine  loses  its  solubility,  and  presents 
itself  vmder  the  form  of  a  porous  mass,  instead  of  offering 
the  appearance  of  melted  wax,  or  dried  varnish. 

"Alcohol  dissolves  quinine  very  easily.  It  is  much  more 
soluble  than  cinchonine  in  sulphuric  ether;  it  dissolves  also, 
but  in  smaller  quantities,  in  fixed  and  volatile  oils. 

"Quinine,  exposed  to  air,  tmdergoes  nc  alteration ;  it  does 
not  appear  even  to  attract  carbonic  acid  sensibly.  It  is  de- 
composed by  the  action  of  fire,  and  like  cinchonine,  gives  the 


products  of  vegetable  matters  not  containing  nitrogen;   it  also 
behaves  like  cinchonine  with  copper  deutoxide." 

.Vfter  giving  reasons  why  quinine  and  cinchonine  are  to  be 
considered  as  the  active  principles  of  cinchona  bark,  the 
authors  conclude:  "There  are  circumstances  where  one  will  be 
glad  to  administer  it  (the  active  principle)  pure,  in  order  to 
have  it  in  all  its  energy.  This  is  true  in  cases  where  the 
patient  cannot  take  an  ounce  of  powder  or  a  glass  of  liquid; 
moreover,  this  knowledge  of  the  active  principles  throws  some 
light  on  the  pharmaceutical  preparation  of  medicaments,  makes 
us  acquainted  with  rational  formulas,  and  distinguishes  them 
from  those  which  arc  empirical,  absurd,  and  often  dangerous. 
In  addition,  let  us  hope  that  some  skilful  practitioner,  uniting 
prudence  with  sagacity,  will  make  some  theiapeutic  researches 
with  the  alkalies  of  cinchona  and  thus  give  our  work  utility 
in  medicine." 


Sensitiveness   of    Alkaloidal    Solutions   to 
Sterilization* 


By  DB.   GUSTAV  MOSSLER. 

TIJE  dispensing  of  solutions  intended  for  hypodermic  use 
in  a  sterile  condition,  which  is  demanded  by  the  modem 
pharmacopoeias,  makes  it  appear  necessary  to  include 
directions  for  carrying  out  the  sterilization  in  the  various 
official  books,  which  has  already  been  done  in  the  new  Swiss 
Pharmacopoeia.  But  it  would  be  more  acceptable  if,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  general  directions,  methods  adapted  for  the  indi- 
vidual substances  were  also  introduced;  in  connection  with 
which  it  should  be  considered  that,  for  practical  reasons,  the 
drug-store  laboratory  cannot  make  use  of  time-consuming 
processes.  It  would  therefore  have  to  be  made  permissible, 
with  sensitive  substances,  to  use  an  abridged  process  when 
preparing  extempore  solutions,  in  case  the  less  delicate  method 
did  not  cause  decomposition  or  physiological  deterioration 
beyond  a  certain  degree.  With  regard  to  the  suitability  of  the 
various  methods  of  sterilization  for  different  substances, 
opinions  are  divided,  for  which  reason  it  seems  desirable  to 
investigate  this  field  experimentally,  in  order  to  clear  up  the 
subject.  There  has  been  much  inclination  to  conclude  theo- 
retically, from  the  constitution  of  a  body,  what  its  behavior 
on  sterilizing  will  be.  For  example,  it  has  been  considered 
dangerous  to  heat  codeine  to  100°,  while  with  other  substances, 
as  apomorphine,  persons  have  dealt  too  roughly. 

Experiments  were  carried  out  in  quartz  flasks,  in  order  to 
eliminate  the  influence  of  glass,  and  parallel  tests  were  made 
in  ordinary  pharmaceutical  glass.  Heating  was  conducted  at 
"©"C.  (Tyndallizing  for  half  an  hour  thrice  repeated),  at  101.5° 
in  an  ordinary  steam  sterilizer,  and  at  115°  in  an  autoclave. 
.\t  the  higher  temperatures,  in  the  case  of  each  substance 
which  resisted  decomposition  during  half  an  hour,  the  time 
was  extended  to  two  hours.  Chemical-physical  methods  were 
principally  used  to  investigate  decomposition  in  the  solutions, 
while  in  special  instances  tests  were  made  for  particular  de- 
composition products.  From  the  specific  gravity  and  refractive 
index  of  the  solutions  no  conclusions  could  be  drawn,  but 
rather  these  constants  could  be  used  to  determine  whether  the 
original  concentration  had  been  restored  after  heating.  The 
optical  activity,  again,  furnished  data  for  certain  conclusions 
only  in  a  few  cases,  but  on  the  other  hand,  much  aid  was 
afforded  by  the  measurement  of  the  electrical  conductivity, 
•  and  the  determination  of  the  reaction  of  the  .'iolutions  before 
and  after  heating,  by  ascertaining  the  hydrogen  exponent 
according  to  Sorensen.  The  conductivity  measurements  per- 
mitted an  estimation  of  the  degree  of  decomposition,  by  com- 
paring them  with  figures  obtained  from  empirical  solutions 
containing  known  amounts  of  decomposition  products.  With 
a  number  of  alkaloidal  salts  in  aqueous  solution,  the  cause 
of  decomposition  could  be  recognized  as  a  more  or  less  com- 
plete dissociation  into  free  base  and  acid,  wherein  the  amino 
group  set  free  by  the  detachment  of  the  acid  acted  on  one  of 
the  sensitive  groups  of  the  same  molecule.  Thus  with  mor- 
phine and  apomorphine  the  discoloration  is  proportional  to 
the  temperature  and  duration  of  heating,  and  can  be  inhibited 
by  adding  an  acid,  in  which  case  a  definite  concentration  of 


*Read  before  the  SSf/i  meeting  of  German  Naturalists  and 
Physicians,  in  Vienna,  September,  1913.  Translated  for  The 
PH.\RM.\rF.uTiCAL  ERA  from  the  "Chemiker  Zeitung,"  1913. 
page  1201. 


January,  1914] 


THE    PHAEMACEUTICAL    ERA 


acid  is  protective  only  up  to  a  certain  temperature.  The  yellow 
coloration  of  morphine  solutions,  which  takes  place  even  in 
quartz  vessels,  is  due  not  to  alkalinity  alone,  and  also  not  to 
the  formation  of  oxymorphine  nor  the  action  of  atmospheric 
oxygen,  but  to  "inner  alkalinity,"  the  free  amino  group  affect- 
ing the  phenolic  hydroxy!. 

In  all  17  alkaloids  were  investigated.  The  morphine  de- 
rivatives, in  which  the  phenolic  hydroxyl  is  esterified,  as 
codeine  and  dionine,  can  be  safely  sterilized  at  115°C.,  while 
heroin  hydrochloride,  the  diacetate  of  morphine,  suffers  de- 
composition in  2  per  cent,  solution  to  the  extent  of  about  5 
per  cent.,  acetic  acid  being  split  off.  At  the  same  time,  it  is 
immaterial  whether  the  longer  Tyndall  process,  or  the  shorter 
heating  to  100°  or  115°  is  employed,  as  apparently  a  state  of 
equilibrium  is  established.  Morphine  hydrochloride  always 
shows,  even  when  alkalies  are  absolutely  excluded,  a  yellow 
coloration,  which  is  proportional  to  the  temperature  and 
duration  of  heating.  Among  the  local  anesthetics,  tropa- 
cocaine,  beta-eucaine,  and  novocaine  proved  to  have  perfect 
resistance ;  cocaine  hydrochloride  in  5  per  cent,  solution  was 
decomposed  at  100°  to  the  extent  of  1  per  cent.,  and  at  115°, 
2.4  per  cent.  With  these  preparations,  the  Tyndall  process  is, 
in  spite  of  the  lower  temperature,  unfavorable  by  reason  of 
the  long  time  of  exposure,  and  1.6  per  cent,  decomposition 
took  place,  against  only  1.0  per  cent,  at  100°  with  half  an 
hour's  heating.  This  decomposition  at  100°  can  practically 
be  considered  as  negligible.  In  ordinary  medical  glass  there 
was  2.3  per  cent,  decomposition  at  100°.  Stovaine  hydro- 
chloride undergoes  Tyndallization  w-ithout  change;  at  100° 
there  is  0.75  per  cent,  decomposition,  at  115°  1.0  per  cent., 
which  can  be  neglected.  On  the  other  hand,  alypin  salts 
cannot  withstand  heating  at  all.  Five  minutes  boiling  de- 
composed 7.8  per  cent,  of  the  nitrate,  Tyndallizing  changed 
13.2  per  cent.,  heating  at  100°  for  30  minutes  destroyed  24 
per  cent.,  and  49.1  per  cent,  at  115°.  Atropine  sulphate  suf- 
fers no  change  through  the  Tyndall  process:  circulating  steam 
at  100°  decomposes  0.6  per  cent.,  and  1.2  per  cent,  is  lost 
at  115°.  For  extempore  preparations  the  temperature  of  100° 
is  permissible.  Quinine  bihydrochloride  and  cotarnine  hydro- 
chloride withstand  even  115°,  with  only  a  slight  intensification 
of  color.  Pilocarpine  solutions  are  very  stable  at  100°,  while 
at  higher  temperatures  there  is  a  slight  formation  of  isopilo- 
carpine.  For  physostigmine  salicylate  the  only  method  to  be 
used  is  filtration  through  germ-proof  filters,  as  even  Tyndalli- 
zation produces  a  red  color. 


New  Remedies 


Acetyl  in  is  a  protected  name  for  tablets  of  acetyl-salicylic 
acid. 

Aguma  is  a  food  prepared  from  soya  beans,  forming  a  palat- 
ible  powder,  easily  soluble  in   water. 

Arausan  contains  20  per  cent,  of  camphor,  10  per  cent,  of 
Peru  balsam,  and  20  per  cent,  of  potassium  soap.  It  is  used 
by  inunction. 

Arsicol  pills  contain  0.05  g.  ovolecithin,  0.00025  g.  arsenous 
acid,   0.1   g.   haemoglobin,   and  Blaud's  mass. 

Bilosin  pills  contain  sodium  oleate,  lithium  salts,  and  extract 
of  rhubarb. 

Cholosan  is  made  from  black  radishes,  and  is  used  in  the 
treatment   of  gall-stones. 

Depurose  is  a  specially  prepared,  perfectly  pure  and  palat- 
able dried  yeast. 

Digacoffein  ampules  contain  1  cc.  of  digalen,  and  0.07  g.  of 
citrated  caffeine. 

Diogenal  is  a  dibrom-propyl  derivative  of  veronal  (diethyl- 
barbituric  acid),  with  the  substitution  in  one  of  the  imino 
groups.  It  is  said  to  have  a  milder  action  than  veronal.  The 
bromine  content  is  41.6  per  cent.,  and  the  average  adult  dose 
is  1  g.    ■ 

Enteroseptyl  is  tri-naphthyl  phosphate. 

Erysol  is  a  clear,  oily  liquid,  containing  camphor  and  phenol. 
It  is  not  caustic,  and  the  odor  of  the  phenol  is  not  apparent, 
the  camphor  predominating. 

Glycobrom  is  the  glyceride  of  brominated  cinnamic  acid,  a 
white  amorphous  powder,  melting  at  66-68°.  It  is  employed  to 
bring  about  a  slow  change  in  the  halogen  content  of  the  blood, 
or  to  gradually  saturate  the  system  with  bromine. 

Gndona  is  a  mouth-wash  containing  witch  hazel  extract  and 
potassium  chlorate. 


Gyraldose  is  a  mixture  of  thymol,  trioxymethylene,  and 
aluminum  phosphate,  used   in  vaginal  disinfection. 

Intcstijcrmm  is  a  mixture  of  the  pure  cultures  of  gluco- 
bacteria  and   yoghurt   bacteria. 

Kastanol-Pine  Needle  baths  contain  the  active  constituents 
of  the  horse-chestnut,  pine-needle  oil,  and  salts  which  liberate 
carbon  dioxide. 

Lccithiii-nerviii  pastilles  contain  lecithin,  and  the  three 
bromides. 

Lecivalin,  an  ointment  for  rheumatism,  consists  of  10  parts 
camphor,  35  parts  chloroform,  45  parts  vasogen,  5  parts  Peru 
balsam,  and  5   parts  lecithin. 

Lekosati  tablets  contain  kola,  lecithin,  casein  and  phosphates. 

Merlusan  is  a  mercury-albumen  combination,  which  dissolves 
in  alkaline  intestinal  liquids,  and  is  used  in  gonorrhoea  and 
syphilis. 

Modan  (Mondan?)  pills  contain  0.05  g.  creosote  carbonate, 
camphor  salicylate,  and  ichthyol,  with  aromatics. 

Narcosia  is  a  local  anesthetic,  containing  witch  hazel,  novo- 
cain, and  epinephrine. 

Nasanal,  a  nasal  cream,  consists  of  menthol  and  zinc  vaso- 
gen,  alsol,  hydrogen   peroxide,   lanolin  and  vaselin. 

Neo-Hexal  is  secondary  sulphosalicylate  of  hexamethylene- 
tetramine. 

Picrastol  is  said  to  be  dimethylol-formylmethenyl-tetrameth- 
ylenepentamine,  of  the  formula  CsHiiNjOi.  It  is  a  colorless 
or  light  yellow  resin,  soluble  in  water  and  alcohol,  but  not  in 
ether  or  benzene,  and  difficultly  soluble  in  chloroform  and 
acetone.  On  heating  with  acids  or  alkalies  it  forms  ammonia, 
formic  acid  and  formaldehyde.  When  heated  in  a  vacuum  to 
190°,  picrastol  breaks  down  into  he.xamethylenetetramine  and 
triformyl-trimethylenetriamine,  also  called  Neoleptol.  The 
latter  is  insoluble  in  alcohol  and  ether,  difficultly  soluble  in 
cold  water,  and  soluble  1.5  :  100  in  hot  water.  Both  these 
preparations  are  used  in  the  treatment  of  epilepsy,  the  former 
in  doses  of  5 — 50  drops  of  a  25  per  cent,  solution,  and  the 
latter  in  tablets  containing  0.5   g. 

Picurin  tablets  are  to  be  used  for  arteriosclerosis,  and  are 
said   to  contain   Cereus  grandiflorus  and   ammonium   vanadate. 

Radenianite  is  a  charcoal  powder  activated  by  the  absorption 
of  radium  emanation.  It  is  used  in  sealed  tubes  of  silver  or 
magnalium,   and   loses  half  its  activity  in   four  days. 

Srxol  is  a  soap  cream,  containing  mercurioxybenzoate  of 
sodium. 

Siromel  contains  7  per  cent,  potassium  guaiacolate,  10  per 
cent,  crystallized  extract  of  malt,  2  per  cent,  quinine,  3  per 
cent,  sodium  and  calcium  lactophosphates,  dissolved  in  syrup 
of  acacia. 

Sotopan  contains  quinine,  iron,  bromine,  lime  and  glycero- 
phosphoric  acid  in  small  amounts.  Jodsotopan  contains  iodine 
in  addition. 

Susin,  used  for  rheumatism,  contains  alcohol,  camphor,  Tur- 
kish, German  and  Japanese  mint,  citronella,  cloves,  Ceylon 
cinnamon,   etc. 

Syntlialin  is  the  methyl  ester  of  piperonyl-atophan,  used  in 
rheumatism. 

Trifalin  locale  contains  the  valerates  of  morphine,  codeine 
and  epinephrine.     It  is  a  local  anesthetic. 

Veropyrin  contains  veronal  and  aspirin,  or  kalmopyrin,  with 
the  addition   of  0.01    g.  of  morphine  in  each  dose. 

Vinol  (not  the  .\merican  product)  is  an  anti-fat  remedy, 
containing  Fucus  vesiculosus,  cascara  and   rhubarb. 

General    Flavoring    Extract. 

Oil  of  bitter    almond    10  drops 

Oil  of  lemon   12  drops 

Oil  of  orange    8  drops 

Oil  of  cinnamon     6  drops 

Oil  of  nutmegs    3  drops 

Essence  of  vanilla 1  dram 

Deodorized   alcohol,   enough  to  make...  1  ounce 
Use  one-half  teaspoonful  for  puddings. 

Furniture   Oil. 

Linseed    oil    4  pints 

Tincture    of    benzoin 4  ounces 

Copal     2  ounces 

Vinegar     1  pint 

Solution   of  antimony  chloride 6  ounces 

Alcohol    10  ounces 

Dissolve  the  copal  in  the  O'l  by  heat;  when  cool,  add  the 
other   ingredients,   rnd  stir  well. 


10 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[January,  1914 


)ELECTED  FORMULA 


Compound  Kesorcin  Ointment. 

Resorcin    140  grains 

Bismuth   subnitratc    140  grains 

Zinc    oxide    140  grains 

Birch  tar  oil 70  grains 

Distilled  water   140  minims 

Lanolin     560  grains 

White  soft  paraffin,  enough  to  make...     4  ounces 
Tlie  resorcin   is  dissolved  in  the  water  before  mLxing  with 
the   bismuth  subnitratc  and  zinc  oxide. 

Dyspepsia  Capsules. 

Calcined   magnesia,  heavy 1  grain 

Pepsin  Yi  grain 

Pancreatin    1  grain 

Calcium   lactophosphate    1  grain 

Lactic  acid ^  drop 

Taka-diastase    Y^  grain 

Bismuth   subnitrate    4  grains 

For  one  capsule. 

Eucalyptus  Embrocation. 

Oil   of   eucalyptus 1 5/2  ounces 

Camphor i/^  ounce 

Oil    of    turpentine 12  ounces 

Water    12  ounces 

Acetic  acid    12  ounces 

Eggs    6 

Vanishing  Cream. 
Stearic  acid   (white,  triple  pressed)....     4  lbs.  12  ozs. 

Glycerin    8  lbs.     8  ozs. 

Distilled  water    14  pints 

Stronger  ammonia_  water 4  ozs.     6  drs. 

Cologne  spirit   1  pint 

Oil   of   hyacinth 6  drops 

Oil   of  jasmine    (artificial) 4  drams 

Artificial  musk   (crystal) 20  grains 

Terpineol    2  ounces 

Melt  the  stearic  acid  on  a  waterbath  at  75°  to  80°C.  Heat 
2  pounds  of  glycerin  with  12  pints  of  water  to  the  same  tem- 
perature; add  the  ammonia  water,  and  pour  slowly  into  the 
melted  stearic  acid,  with  constant  stirring.  Mix  the  rest  of 
the  glycerin  and  water,  and  heat  to  80°C.;  pour  this  into  the 
first  mi.xture,  with  constant  stirring ;  maintain  the  temperature 
and  continue  the  stirring  for  about  15  minutes.  Remove  from 
the  heat  and  beat  until  cold.  Mix  the  perfuming  materials 
with  the  spirit  and  slowly  add  this,  with  constant  beating  to 
the  cream. 

Non-Greasy   Massage    Cream. 

Tragacanth,    whole    pieces 4  drams 

Boric  acid    12  drams 

Water    },  pints 

Glycerin     8  fl.  ounces 

Alcohol    8  fl,  ounces 

Dissolve  the  boric  acid  in  the  water  by  the  aid  of  heat;  to 
the  hot  liquid  sdd  the  tragacanth,  stir  occasionally  until  the 
gum  is  thoroughly  softened.  Then  add  the  alcohol  and  glycerin, 
strain  the  mixture  forcibly  through  a  cheesecloth,  and  pass 
enough  water  through  the  cloth  so  that  the  liquid  will  measure 
<A  fl.  ounces.  If  too  thick,  dilute  with  more  water. 
Glycerin  of  Cucumber. 

Yolk   of  one   egg 

Glycerin     1   ounce 

Tincture   of   quillaja 120  minims 

Oil    of    almonds 1   ounce 

Essence   of   cucumber 1  ounce 

Rose  water,  enough  to  make 8  ounces 

Mi.x  the  glycerin  and  yolk  of  egg,  add  the  tincture  of 
quillaja,  then  gradually  the  essence  of  cucumber  previously 
mixed  with  2  ounces  of  rose  water.  Mix  thoroughly,  and  make 
up  to  8  ounces  with  rose  water, 

After-Shave  Lotion. 

Alenthol,  5  grains;  tannic  acid,  20  grains;  phenol,  10  grains; 

glycerin,   3    drams;    bay   rum,    1J4    ounces;    water,    to   make   6 

ounces.      Dissolve    the    menthol    and    tannic    acid    in    the    bay 

rum,  and  add  the  mixture  to  the  phenol  dis.solved  in  the  water. 


Cement  for  Non-inflammable  Cinematograph  Films. 
I.iinglass,  50;  gum  amnioniacum,  4;  gum  mastic,  2;  alcohol 
(95'/"),  10;  water,  q,s,  ^oak  the  isinglass  in  cold  water  over 
night,  or  until  thoroughly  softened,  then  drain,  and  press  gently 
between  absorbent  cloths.  Place  the  softened  material  in  a 
llask,  and  heat  on  a  waterbath  until  it  becomes  fluid.  Dis- 
solve the  gums  in  the  alcohol,  and  add  the  solution  to  the 
isinglass  liquid  after  removing  it  from  the  source  of  heat  and 
cooling  to  about  160°F.  Stir  well  or  mix  by  agitation.  Before 
applying  the  cement,  which  must  be  used  warm,  clean  the 
surface  of  the  films  with  chloroform  or  other  fat  solvent.  If 
this  does  not  succeed,  a  borax-shellac  solution  may  be  used, 
(Pharm,   Journ.) 

Red  Boach  Paste. 

Red   iodide  of  mercury 1   part 

Wheat  flour  i  parts 

Corn   meal    ,3  parts 

Molasses    2  parts 

Water    sufficient 

Cook  the  corn  meal  and  flour  with  the  molasses  and  an 
equal  quantity  of  water  until  a  stiff  paste  is  obtained;  triturate 
the  red  iodide  of  mercury  with  a  portion  of  this  to  a  smooth 
paste,  add  to  the  remainder  and  mix  thoroughly,  then  add  an 
equal  volume  of  cold  water  and  heat  the  mixture,  until  it  sets 
to  a  soft  paste  on  cooling,  stirring  constantly  and  adding  about 
half  an  ounce  of  oil  of  rhodium  or  anise  seed  to  every  5 
pounds  of  mixture  after  removing  from  the  source  of  heat. 
Patent  Leather  Polish. 

Yellow  wax  or  ceresine 3  ounces 

Spermaceti    1   ounce 

Oil  of  turpentine 11  ounces 

Asphaltum  varnish    1  ounce 

Borax    80  grains 

Frankfort    black    1   ounce 

Prussian   blue    150  grains 

Melt  the  wa.x,  add  the  borax,  and  stir  until  an  emulsion  has 
been  formed.  In  another  pan  melt  the  spermaceti;  add  the 
varnish,  previously  mixed  with  the  turpentine;  stir  well  and 
add  the  wax;  lastly  add  the  colors. 

Etching  Steel. 
The  steel  is  covered  with  a  film  of  beeswax  and  the  design 
etched  through  the  wax  by  means  of  a  fine-pointed  instrument. 
The   etching  liquid   is  then   poured  on  and   allowed  to  act  for 
an  hour  or  so.     This  liquid  may  be  nitric  acid  or — • 

■  Copper    sulphate     Yz  ounce 

Ammonium   chloride    Y2  ounce 

Powdered  alum   J4  ounce 

Vinegar   5  ounces 

Illuminated   Ink   for   Show   Cards. 

Honey   1   dram 

Alcohol    1  dram 

Mucilage     1  ounce 

Water    8  ounces 

Bronze     1  ounce 

Rub  the  honey,  alcohol  and  mucilage  together  in  a  mortar, 
then  add  the  water.     To  be  shaken  before  using. 

White  Ink  for  Stamping  Hosiery. 

Zinc  white   2  drams 

White  precipitate   5  grains 

Mucilage    1  dram 

Water    6  drams 

Triturate  the  zinc  white  with  a  small  quantity  of  the  water 
till  quite  smooth  before  adding  the  mucilage  and  the  remainder 
of  the  water. 

Liquid  Brass  Polish. 
For   cleaning   brass   work    of   motor   cars,    a   writer    in    the 
British  Medical  Journal  recommends  the  following : 

Oxalic  acid    4  ounces 

Powdered   rotten   stone 6  ounces 

Paraffin    (liquid)    4  fl.  ounces 

Methylated    spirit     6  fl,  ounces 

Dissolve  the  acid  in  a  half  pint  of  boiling  water,  then  add 
the  rotten  stone;  shake  well,  add  the  paraffin  and  spirit,  and 
make  up   to  half  a  gallon  with   boiling  water. 


Januaky,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


11 


THE  LATEST   FROM   EUROPEAN   WORKERS. 


New  Syntheses  by  Bourquelot — Properties  of  Sulphur 

Ointments — Source    of    Siam    Benzoin    Settled — 

Other  Items  of  Practical  Interest. 

TWO  articles  from  Prof.  Bourquelot's  laboratory  are  re- 
viewed this  month,  one  dealing  with  tlie  synthesis  of  a 
biose,  a  sugar  consisting  of  two  molecules  of  hexose,  and 
the  other  relating  his  preliminary  experiences  in  uniting  gly- 
cerol with  glucose.  Boiurquelot's  work  is  always  interesting, 
and  the  present  series  of  researches  will  take  rank  as  one  of 
the  classics  of  pharmaceutical  chemistry.  The  theoretical  con- 
siderations involved  in  the  preparation  and  use  of  sulphur 
ointments  are  presented  in  another  important  article,  the 
author  apparently  proving  that  the  preparation  of  these  oint- 
ments by  fusion  is  greatly  superior  from  the  standpoint  oi 
efficacy  in  use.  Holmes  sums  up  some  recent  w-ork  to  discover 
the  true  source  of  Siam  benzoin,  with  results  that  leave  no 
doubt  that  Styrax  benzoin  is  not  at  present  the  parent  tree. 
Laborde  describes  the  properties  of  colloidal  metals,  and 
touches  on  their  use  in  disease.  Numerous  new  tests  and 
quantitative  processes  are  also  outlined. 
The  Fluorescence  Microscope — 

Wasicky  describes  the  construction,  manipulation,  and  uses 
of  the  fluorescence  microscope  in  drug  work.  Quinine  in 
hydrochloric  acid  solution  shows  fluorescence  in  dilutions  up 
to  one  in  one  million,  and  in  sulphuric  acid  solutions  up  to 
one  hundred  million.  The  color  is  a  splendid  pale  blue. 
Quinidine  and  cinchonine  show  the  same  fluorescence,  but 
more  feebly.  Weak  decoctions  of  cinchona  bark  also  fluoresce 
in  very  dilute  solutions.  The  constituents  of  cacao  fluoresce 
under  the  microscope  in  various  shades  of  blue.  Shells  of 
cacao  show  whitish  particles,  which  thus  makes  it  possible  to 
detect  the  presence  of  very  slight  additions  of  shells  to  pow- 
dered cacao.  In  a  coffee  substitute  consisting  of  chicory  and 
taraxacum  root,  the  former  is  yellowish-white,  and  the  latter 
more  or  less  blue.  Ergot  can  be  detected  by  the  reddish  color 
of  its  fragments.  Gentian  powder  is  whitish  or  pale  blue; 
rumex  powder,  a  frequent  adulterant  of  gentian,  is  golden 
yellow  to  green,  and  contains  many  glittering  particles. 
(Wasicky,  Pharm.  Post,  1913.  p.  877;  through  C.  Zentralbl.) 
Determination  of  Iron  in  Syrups,  Etc. — 

This  method  is  a  colorimetric  one,  and  is  said  to  be  suf- 
ficiently accurate  for  the  purpose  to  which  it  is  adapted.  Ten 
cc.  of  Syrupus  Ferri  Phos.  Comp.,  etc.,  with  SO  cc.  of  water 
and  5  cc.  of  concentrated  nitric  acid,  are  boiled  for  five  min- 
utes, to  oxidize  the  iron.  After  cooling,  the  solution  is  diluted 
to  100  cc,  and  of  this  dilution  5  cc.  are  taken  and  again 
diluted  to  100  cc.  Five  cc.  of  this  last  dilution  are  transferred 
to  a  100  cc.  Nessler  cylinder,  and  filled  with  water  to  the  50 
cc.  mark.  The  solution  is  acidified  with  5  cc.  of  hydrochloric 
acid  (1  :  3),  and  then  treated  with  10  cc.  of  5  per  cent, 
potassium  sulphocyanate.  After  filling  to  the  mark,  the  red 
solution  is  compared  with  one  treated  in  the  same  w-ay  in 
another  tube,  and  containing  a  known  amount  of  iron.  One 
cc.  of  the  standard  should  contain  about  0.02  mg.  of  iron. 
In  another  sample  of  the  syrup  the  iron  is  determined  without 
oxidation  with  nitric  acid.  The  difference  between  the  two 
tests  gives  the  amount  of  ferrous  iron  present.  (Evers, 
Analyst,  1913,  p.  447;  through  C.  Zentralbl.) 
Constituents  of  Senna  Leaves — 

The  present  investigation  dealt  with  Tinnevelly  leaves,  leaves 
grown  at  Lima,  Peru,  and  botanically  identical  with  the  former, 
and  Alexandrian  leaves.  The  alcoholic  extract  of  Tinnevelly 
senna  gave  a  small  amount  of  essential  oil,  salicylic  acid,  rhein, 
previously  known  only  in  rhubarb,  kaempferol,  aloe-emodin, 
kaempferin,  a  glucoside  of  kaempferol,  and  other  sugars  and 
glucosides.  Myricyl  alcohol,  a  phytosterolin,  and  fatty  acids 
were  also  met  with.  The  purgative  action  is  due  in  part  to 
the  aloe-emodin,  and  partly  to  amorphous  products.  The  iso- 
emodin  and  chrysophanic  acid  of  Tschirch  and  Hiepe  could 
not  be  confirmed.  The  Peruvian  and  Alexandrian  leaves  give 
the  same  compounds  as  the  above,  with  the  exception  of  a 
magnesium  salt  of  an  unknown  organic  acid,  and  isorhaimietin. 
(Tutin,  Chem.  Drug.,  1913,  p.  743.) 


Colloidal  Metals — 

Laborde  sums  up  the  properties  and  uses  of  colloidal  metals 
as  follows:  They  consist  of  ultramicroscopic  particles  per- 
forming the  Brownian  movement.  Those  prepared  by  chem- 
ical means  always  contain  impurities,  while  those  made  by 
electrical  methods  can  be  obtained  absolutely  pure.  Colloidal 
metals  are  charged  with  electricity;  they  are  precipitated  by 
electrolytes,  losing  their  colloidal  state,  but  they  can  be  stabil- 
ized by  the  addition  of  another  colloid  having  the  same  electric 
sign.  The  metals  act  like  diastases,  havmg  catalytic  powers. 
They  can  form  compounds  with  each  other,  the  new  com- 
plexes having  new  properties.  Their  antiseptic  power  is  very 
marked,  and  superior  to  those  of  an  equal  amount  of  the  metal 
when  not  in  a  colloidal  state.  They  are  practically  free  of 
toxicity,  and  notably  increase  the  power  of  the  organism  to 
defend  itself  against  bacterial  agents.  Stabilized  colloidal 
metals  possess  all  the  powers  of  unstabilized  metals,  and  differ 
from  them  only  in  their  resistance  to  precipitation.  They 
preserve  their  properties  during  a  practically  indefinite  time. 
Stabilized  and  isotonic  colloidal  solutions  of  metals  increase  the 
exchanges  between  the  organs,  and  provoke  a  very  marked 
leucocytosis.  Colloidal  metals  are  indicated  in  infectious  dis- 
eases; electro-mercury  in  syphilis,  electro-cuprol  in  cancer  and 
tuberculosis,  and  electro-selenium  in  inoperable  cancer.  Intra- 
muscular or  subcutaneous  injections  are  most  frequently  used, 
the  usual  dose  being  10  cc.  for  an  adult;  but  doses  of  as  much 
as  40  cc.  per  day  can  be  given  without  danger.  The  injections 
are  not  painful,  and  are  not  complicated  with  abscesses  or  in- 
duration. The  most  immediately  appreciable  effect  of  the 
injection  is  a  notable  lowering  of  temperature,  succeeding  a 
temporary  elevation  of  1°  to  1.5°C.  (Laborde,  L'Union 
Pharm.,  1913,  p.  523.) 
Modified  Jonescu  Test  for  Benzoic  Acid — 

Jonescu's  reaction  is  based  on  the  conversion  of  benzoic  acid 
into  salicylic  acid  by  hydrogen  peroxide.  All  the  methods 
in  use  for  carrying  it  out  employ  heat,  but  it  is  shown  that 
heat  is  liable  to  carry  the  reaction  too  far,  and  thus  to  cause 
failure.  While  the  reaction  takes  place  m  the  cold,  some 
hours  are  necessary  for  the  purpose,  but  the  addition  of  a 
trace  of  ferrous  sulphate,  which  acts  as  a  catalyzer,  ensures 
complete  reaction  in  a  fraction  of  a  minute.  Ten  cc.  of  the 
solution  to  be  tested,  containing  from  1  to  5  mg.  of  free 
benzoic  acid,  are  treated  with  3  drops  of  solution  of  ferric 
chloride  (containing  about  26  per  cent,  of  anhydrous  sah) 
diluted  1  to  10,  then  with  3  drops  of  peroxide  solution  (12 
vols.),  also  diluted  1  to  10,  and  finally  with  3  drops  of  3 
per  cent,  ferrous  sulphate  solution.  The  reagents  are  added 
in  the  order  given,  shaking  after  each  addhion.  In  about  30 
seconds  the  reaction  commences,  and  the  violent  coloration 
attains  its  maximum  in  5  to  10  minutes.  The  reaction  is 
sensitive  to  0.2  mg.  of  benzoic  acid.  (Fleury,  J.  Pharm.  Chim., 
1913,  p.  460;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Synthesis  of  Gentiobiose — 

This  sugar  is  a  hexobiose,  of  the  same  formula  as  cane 
sugar;  on  hydrolysis,  it  gives  two  molecules  of  d-glucose.  It 
was  obtained  in  1901  by  Bourquelot  and  Herissey  in  the 
incomplete  hydrolysis  of  gentianose.  The  svmtheses  of  other 
bioses  have  been  reported  by  other  experimenters,  but  their 
results  are  in  general  not  conclusive.  Croft  Hill  claimed  to 
have  formed  maltose  from  glucose,  but  his  results  were  called 
in  question  by  Emmerling  and  Armstrong,  and  he  could  not 
extract  the  maltose  from  the  reaction  mi.xture.  Trehalose 
might  be  formed  from  glucose  also,  but  trehalase,  the  probable 
agent  of  this  synthesis,  is  always  accompanied  by  such  a  large 
number  of  other  ferments,  that  the  reaction  could  not  be 
easily  followed.  The  choice,  therefore,  fell  upon  gentiobiose. 
One  liter  of  a  solution  containing  50  g.  of  glucose  in  100  cc, 
with  a  rotation  of  -l-SO.S",  was  treated  with  5  g.  of  emulsin 
and  5  cc.  of  toluene,  then  kept  at  15-20°  for  a  month.  The 
rotation  became  -h44.2°.  After  filtering,  heating  on  the  water 
bath,  filtering  again,  and  diluting  to  5  liters,  baker's  yeast 
was  added,  and  allowed  to  act  for  two  weeks.  It  was  then 
neutralized  with  a  little  calcium  carbonate,  filtered,  boiled,  and 
evaporated  in  a  partial  vacuum.  The  solution  was  further 
purified   by   lead   subacetate,    evaporated   to   dr>-ness,    and   ex- 


12 


THE    PHARJIACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


traded  with  strong  alcohol.  The  alcoholic  liquors,  after  being 
seeded  with  a  little  gentiobiose,  yielded  crjstals  of  that  sugar, 
amounting  to  S  g.  Ihis  agreed  in  all  its  properties  with  other 
specimens  of  gentiobiose.  It  has  a  bitter  taste,  melts  between 
191^  and  194",  and  is  split  up  by  acids  into  glucose.  Emulsin 
has  the  same  effect.  Some  cellose  is  formed  in  the  synthesis 
at  the  same  time,  since  the  cniu!sin  used  contains  a  little 
cellase.  (Bourquclot,  Herissev,  and  Coirre,  J.  Pharm.  Chim., 
l^lo,  p.  -t-tl.) 
Glucosides  of  Glycerol — 

In  the  biochemical  sj-ntheses  of  glucosides  with  which 
Bourquelot  and  his  co-workers  have  been  engaged,  the  use  of 
emulsin  from  almonds  alwaj-s  leads  to  the  formation  of  beta- 
products.  In  order  to  form  alpha-glucosides,  the  best  material 
to  bring  about  the  synthesis  is  dried  bottom  yeast,  which, 
while  not  entirely  free  of  other  enzymes,  contains  so  much 
alpha-glucosidase  that  the  products  of  the  reaction  are  pre- 
dominatingly alpha.  Bourquelot  has  now  turned  his  attention 
to  the  preparation  of  some  alpha-glucosides,  a  recent  report 
dealing  with  some  experiments  with  glycerol.  It  was  found 
that  the  action  of  the  ferment  was  not  inhibited  by  glycerol, 
solutions  so  strong  as  94  per  cent,  having  practically  no  effect 
on  the  enzymes  even  after  four  months.  The  s)-nthesizing 
reaction  is  more  rapid  in  dilute  solutions  of  glycerol  than  in 
concentrated.  The  formation  of  an  alpha-glucoside  is  proved 
by  following  the  optical  rotation  of  the  reaction  mass  in  a 
polarimeter.  Two  g.  of  glucose,  60  g.  of  glycerol,  a  quantity 
of  yeast  maceration  equivalent  to  5  g.  of  dried  bottom  yeast, 
and  sufficient  water  to  make  100  cc,  showed  a  rotation  of  2° 
to  the  right  at  the  beginning  of  the  trial,  .^fter  60  days  the 
rotation  had  increased  to  4.73°,  showing  that  69.78  per  cent, 
of  glucose  had  entered  into  combination.  Bayliss  recently 
obtained  different  results.  He  found  that  under  similar  con- 
ditions to  the  above,  the  rotation  diminished.  The  present 
authors  repeated  Bayliss's  e.vperiments,  and  obtained  an  in- 
crease in  rotation,  as  was  to  be  expected.  From  Bayliss's 
own  admissions,  it  is  seen  that  his  yeast  was  abnormal  in 
several  ways.  The  glycerol  glucosides  have  not  yet  been 
isolated,  and  it  is  probable  that  a  large  number  of  products 
are  formed  simultaneously  in  the  above  reaction.  (Bourquelot 
and  Bride!.  X  Pharm.  Chim.,  1913,  p.  489.) 
Disinfectant  Action  of  Toluene — 

Benians  has  made  a  detailed  study  of  the  disinfectant  action 
■of  toluene  on  many  classes  of  micro-organisms,  and  finds  that 
in  some  cases  it  is  quite  effective,  while  in  others  its  efficacy 
is  practically  nil.  There  is  no  effect  on  spores  or  sporing 
organisms,  nor  on  the  bodies  of  the  staphylococcus  group. 
But  toluene  readily  destroys  all  bacteria  of  the  Gram-negative 
■class.  There  is  a  marked  action  on  the  tubercle  bacillus,  and 
on  the  diphtheria  and  diphtheroid  organisms.  There  is  a 
moderately  well  marked  destructive  action  on  the  streptococcus 
todies.  The  disintegration  and  lysis  of  bacteria  in  emulsions 
exposed  to  the  action  of  toluene  do  not  readily  take  place,  no 
matter  whether  they  have  been  killed  or  have  proven  resistant. 
The  action  is  markedly  inhibited  by  the  presence  of  fats  and 
oils.  One  part  of  oil  mi.xed  with  50  parts  of  toluene,  before 
•use.  will  completely  inhibit  the  disinfecting  powers.  Starch 
and  dextrose  are  without  effect,  and  albuminous  substances 
do  not  interfere,  or  only  very  slightly.  Benzene  and  xylene 
are  similar  to  toluene  in  their  peculiarities,  and  on  the  w-hole, 
benzene  appears  to  be  the  most  potent  as  a  disinfectant. 
CBenians.  Z.  Chemotherapie.,  1913,  p.  28.) 
Thyroidetim  Siccum — 

In  the  B.P.,  directions  are  given  for  preparing  dried  thyroid 
glands,  but  the  ratio  between  the  weight  of  the  fresh  gland  and 
the  dr\'  powder  is  not  given.  The  U.S. P.  states  that  1  part 
of  desiccated  ths-roid  glands  represents  approximately  S  parts 
of  the  fresh  glands.  Several  commercial  preparations  also 
give  this  ratio  of  1  to  5.  .\ccording  to  Bennett's  obseri-ations, 
fresh  glands  carefully  trimmed,  dried  and  defatted,  lose  about 
73  per  cent,  of  their  weight,  so  that  1  part  of  the  dr\'  powder 
is  equal  to  4  parts  of  fresh  glands.  In  a  recent  paper  by 
Martin,  who  worked  with  kilograms  of  glands,  the  extreme 
figures  for  the  ratio  are  1  to  2.58,  and  1  to  5.66,  while  the 
average  for  the  total  quantity  of  glands  treated  was  1  to 
3.39.  Another  set  of  experiments  by  Martin  showed  the  ratios 
of  1  to  3.26.  and  1  to  5.34,  with  an  average  of  1  to  4.15. 
Guyer  obtained  the  ratio  of  1  to  3.71  for  37  kilos  of  fresh 
glands.  Martindale  reports  1  to  3.82  for  Holland  sheep,  and 
1  to  4  for  Southdowns.  Guycr  believes  that  the  factor  should 
he  set   at   1   to   3.5.     M   any   rate,   the   e\ndence   for   the   old 


figure  of  1   to  5  should  be  traced,  as  the  ratio  is  apparently 
seldom  attainable,  and  may  be  misleading.    (Bennett,   Pharm. 
J.,  1913,  p.  804.) 
Source  of  Siam  Benzoin — 

After  reviewing  a  number  of  attempts  to  obtain  authentic 
information  as  to  the  plant  furnishing  Siam  benzoin,  generally 
stated  to  be  Styrax  Benzoin,  Holmes  summarizes  some  new 
evidence  as  follows:  It  seems  to  be  indicated  that  the  chief, 
if  not  only  source  of  Siam  benzoin  of  commerce  is  Styrax 
Tonkinense  Craib,  which  is  found  in  the  district  between 
Luang  Prabang  and  Hanoi;  second,  that  the  Styrax  benzoides 
of  Northwest  Siam  yields  a  fragrant  resin  used  locally,  but  the 
evidence  that  it  yields  any  commercial  Siam  benzoin  is  not 
satisfactory;  third,  that  the  method  of  preparation  with  hog's 
marrow,  described  by  Rordorf,  would  account  for  the  charac- 
teristic appearance  of  Siam  benzoin,  but  it  is  not  yet  quite 
clear  whether  this  method  is  applied  in  Siam  to  the  product 
of  Styrax  benzoides.  Saigon  benzoin  has  the  vanilla  odor  and 
absence  of  cinnamic  acid  characteristic  of  Siam  benzoin,  and 
it  is  probable  that  it  may  be  produced  from  S.  Tonkinense 
also,  but  exported  just  as  it  is  collected.  (Holmes,  Pharm.  J., 
1913,  p.  804.) 
Sulphur  Ointments  by  Fusion — 

The  value  of  a  sulphur  ointment  depends  on  the  fine  state 
of  subdivision  of  the  sulphur.  It  was  formerly  the  custom  to 
make  use  of  the  solubility  of  sulphur  in  fats  and  vaseline,  but 
no  complete  study  of  the  physical-chemical  and  pharmacological 
properties  of  these  bodies  has  ever  been  made.  If  2  g.  of 
precipitated  sulphur  are  fused  in  100  g.  of  vaseline  and  kept 
at  140-145°  until  the  sulphur  is  dissolved,  after  rapid  cooling 
the  sulphur  is  found  in  the  form  of  round  granules,  about 
0.7-1.1  n  in  diameter.  With  lard,  under  the  same  conditions, 
the  sulphur  is  likewise  uniformly  distributed,  and  the  granules 
are  larger,  about  1.5-6.6  fi  in  diameter.  Cacao  butter  gives 
an  ointment  with  about  the  same  properties  as  that  made 
with  lard.  White  wax  containing  2  per  cent,  of  sulphur,  pre- 
pared by  fusion,  contains  granules  with  diameters  of  0.5-0.7  ii. 
When  lanolin  is  used,  no  trace  of  granules  can  be  seen  after 
cooling,  even  under  great  magnification.  In  thin  layers  the 
ointment  is  opalescent,  while  the  other  ointments  are  milky 
and  white.  The  granules  begin  to  form  after  an  hour,  and 
later  reach  the  size  of  0.2-0.5  /i.  Spermaceti  gives  much 
larger  granules  and  spheroids  of  sulphur,  about  6  ji  in 
diameter.  Paraffin  (m.p.  58-60°)  with  2  per  cent,  of  sulphur 
shows  irregular  angular  spaces  under  the  microscope,  filled 
with  yellowish  masses  of  sulphur.  This  preparation  is  very 
stable,  and  maintains  the  same  appearance  after  months.  The 
others  are  unstable,  and  gradually  the  sulphur  granules  pass 
into  the  rhombic  crj'stalline  form,  in  periods  varying  from  a 
few  hours  to  several  days.  The  smallest  sulphur  granules  in 
such  ointments  approach  the  size  of  colloidal  particles, 
0.1-0.2  li,  and  may  be  considered  as  a  disperse  phase.  Since 
the  coarser  crystals  grow  at  the  expense  of  the  granules,  we 
are  forced  to  assume  the  existence  of  a  liquid  phase  in  addi- 
tion. The  equilibrium  between  the  liquid  and  solid  phase  is 
established,  in  ointments  prepared  by  fusion,  only  when  the 
disperse  phase  has  entirely  disappeared ;  while  in  ointments 
made  by  simple  mixture  of  the  fat,  etc.,  with  flowers  of  sul- 
phur, the  equilibrium  sets  in  when  saturation  of  the  base  is 
complete.  The  liquid  phase  is  of  the  greatest  importance  from 
a  pharmacological  viewpoint.  It  enables  the  sulphur  to  come 
into  intimate  contact  with  the  tissues,  -nithout  which  contact 
chemical  reaction  between  the  sulphur  and  tissue  would  be 
impossible.  On  account  of  the  slight  solubility  of  sulphur  in 
most  ointment  bases,  the  medicinal  action  would  be  very  small 
if  we  were  dependent  solely  on  the  amount  of  sulphur  dis- 
solved, but  a  continuous  effect  is  made  possible  by  the  transi- 
tion through  the  liquid  phase.  In  ointments  made  by  fusion, 
the  solution  tension,  on  account  of  the  enormous  surface  of 
the  almost  colloidal  particles,  is  very  great,  and  their  action  is 
therefore  more  intense  than  those  made  by  simple  mixing. 
fSabbatani.  Kolloid-Z..  1913.  p.  249.) 
Solid  Substitute  for  Tr.  Iodine — 

This  substitute  aims  to  do  a-n-ay  with  the  ease  with  which 
tincture  of  iodine  decomposes.  It  consists  of  two  tablets,  one 
of  which  contains  principally  sodium  iodide  and  sodium 
nitrite,  and  the  other  tartaric  acid.  On  dissolving  one  of 
each  in  water  about  0.5  g.  of  iodine  is  liberated.  Nitric  oxide 
gas  is  also  set  free,  which  unites  with  atmospheric  oxygen  at 
once.  The  tablets  are  now  being  brought  on  the  market  under 
the  name  of  "lodoin."  (Miinch.  Med.  Wochschr.,  1913,  p. 
2626.) 


January,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


13 


THE  QUESTIOM  BOX      ? 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
Kjuestions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  thii 
department  from  non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  ot  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if   not   out   of   print,    may    be    obtained    for   25    cents    each, 

Cagafute    Oil:    Cajuput    Oil. 

(W.P.J.) — "We  had  a  recent  call  for  'cagafute  oil',  but 
were  unable  to  supply  the  same.  Our  customer  says  he  bought 
it  from  some  of  the  older  druggists,  and  they  would  go  to 
their  'big  book'  and  find  the  name.  He  bought  it  up  to 
-within  a  year,  when  his  old  druggist  died,  and  since  that  time 
he  has  been  unable  to  obtain  it.  He  says  that  various  drug- 
gists said  they  had  the  same  oil,  but  when  they  gave  it  to  him 
they  invariably  gave  him  oil  of  cajuput,  which  did  not  work 
like  the  other  oil.  He  used  it  for  making  a  liniment  for  barb- 
wire  cuts  on  horses,  etc.,  and  it  would  work  with  almost 
miraculous  effect.  The  oil  of  cajuput  would  always  cause  the 
horse  to  rear  and  jump  when  it  was  applied,  but  the  'cagafute 
■oil'  caused  no  pain  whatever.  Can  you  give  me  any  informa- 
tion on  this  oil?" 

By  not  submitting  the  formula  for  the  liniment  we  have  no 
very  strong  evidence  on  which  to  base  a  suggestion  as  to  what 
oil  might  be  intended.  But  from  the  information  furnished 
we  can  hardly  believe  that  an  oil  of  cajuput  answering  the 
pharmacopoeial  requirements,  especially  when  combined  in  a 
liniment  and  applied  as  our  correspondent  relates,  would  pro- 
duce any  painful  symptoms,  and  certainly  no  more  painful 
than  would  result  from  the  application  of  the  usual  liniments 
to  raw  or  abraded  surfaces. 

We  have  taken  some  trouble  to  review  the  literature  of 
most  of  the  medicinal  and  commercial  oils,  including  polyglot 
dictionaries  published  during  the  last  60  years,  covering  the 
synonyms  employed  in  most  of  the  literary  languages  and  many 
dialects,  and  we  find  nothing  that  would  lead  us  to  believe 
that  "cagafute  oil"  stands  for  other  than  "cajuput  oil."  .\s 
this  oil  is  used  externally  as  a  healing  application,  and  is 
said  to  possess  anod\Tie,  stimulating  and  antiseptic  properties, 
especially  when  diluted  with  sweet  oil  or  other  agent  to  modify 
its  action,  it  would  seem  to  "fit  into"  the  liniment  suggested 
better  than  any  other  oil  we  can  think  of.  This  probability  is 
further  emphasized  by  the  fact  that  there  is  no  name  in  any 
language  of  which  we  have  knowledge  that  corresponds  so 
closely  to  "cajuput  oil,"  and  this  name  might  be  readily  con- 
strued to  "cagafute  oil"  by  the  laity.  The  tree  producing  the 
leaves  from  which  the  oil  is  distilled  is  a  native  of  the  Moluc- 
cas, and  is  called  by  the  Malays  "kayu-putich"  or  "kyaputty," 
which,  so  far  as  linguistic  peculiarities  will  permit,  is  closely 
followed  in  all  languages  from,  "cajaput"  in  German  to 
"caeputowe"  in  Russian  and  "kaja-puti"  in  Tamoul.  There 
is  no  "big  book"  of  which  we  have  knowledge  that  indexes 
any  substance  whatever  under  the  name  "cagafute,"  nor  can 
we  find  anyone  in  the  trade  who  knows  of  such  a  product. 


Test  for  Wood  Alcohol. 

(E.A.B.) — See  page  34  of  the  Pharmacopoeia,  where  you 
will  find  the  full  text  of  the  official  test  which,  as  you  may 
note,  depends  on  the  formation  of  formaldehyde  from  methyl 
alcohol  by  the  oxidizing  effect  of  red-hot  copper,  and  the 
reaction  between  this  and  resorcinol,  as  shown  by  the  rose- 
red  ring  which  will  appear  if  any  wood  alcohol  be  present. 
.According  to  the  Pharmacopoeia,  methyl  alcohol  is  defined  as 
"rectified,  purified  wood  alcohol,  having  a  specific  gravity  of 
about  0.812  at  25° C,  and  free  from  pyroligneous  odor." 

Various  other  tests  have  been  recommended.  .\n  admix- 
ture of  wood  alcohol  with  ethyl  alcohol,  or  with  preparations 
thereof,  may  be  readily  detected  by  the  following  reaction  of 
the  acetone  which  it  contains:  The  liquid  to  be  examined  is 
mixed  with  water,  and  a  portion  is  distil'ed  over  a  small  flame. 
To  10  cc.  of  the  distillate  thus  obtained.  1  cc.  of  a  fresh  1 
per  cent,  solution  of  sodium  nifroprusside  and  2  cc.  of  a  4 
per  cent,  solution  of  caustic  soda  are  added.     In  the  presence 


of  acetone  a  red  color,  passing  after  a  time  to  yellowish-brown, 
is  obtained.  If  only  ethylic  alcohol  is  present  a  yehow  tint  is 
given.  Since  both  aldehyde  and  fusel  oil  give  reactions  similar 
to  acetone  by  th.s  test,  they  must,  if  necessary,  be  eliminated. 
Aldehyde  is  got  rid  of  by  heating  10  cc.  of  the  above  distillate 
for  an  hour  on  the  water-bath  under  a  reflux  condenser  with 
20  cc.  of  25  per  cent,  solution  of  caustic  soda  and  some  water; 
the  liquid  is  again  distilled  and  tested  as  above.  To  eliminate 
fusel  oil  a  portion  of  the  distillate  from  the  original  liquid  is 
heated  for  an  hour  on  the  water-bath  with  granulated  zinc  and 
dilute  sulphuric  acid,  one  drop  of  platinic  chloride  solution 
having  been  added.     The  liquid  is  then  distilled  and  tested. 

Waterproofing  Labels. 
(C.T.S.) — Labels   are   usually   "waterproofed"    by   covering 
them  with  a  coating  of  varnish.     Here  are   some   formulas: 

A  very  satisfactory  varnish  is  made  with  equal  parts  of 
Canada  balsam  and  oil  of  turpentine.  The  labels  should  first 
receive  a  thin  coating  of  mucilage,  which  must  be  dried  before 
the  varnish  is  applied. 

(2) 
Dissolve  20  parts  of  dammar  in  ISO  parts  of  acetone,  and  to 
the  solution   add   150  parts  of  clear  collodion   solution,    .^pply 
with  a  soft  brush.     This  formula  is  said  to  produce  a  varnish 
that  does  not  penetrate  paper. 

(3) 

White  lac 1  ounce 

Lead    carbonate    V2  ounce 

Ether Yz  pint 

Place  the  shellac  in  a  mortar  and  reduce  it  to  a  fine  powder; 
then  transfer  to  a  bottle  containing  the  ether  and  set  aside, 
shaking  the  bottle  occasionally  until  dissolved,  and  add  the 
lead  carbonate  in  fine  powder;  shake  well  and  filter  through 
paper,  returning  the  first  portions  of  the  filtrate  two  or  three 
times  until  it  becomes  perfectly  clear.  Ordinary  shellac  may 
be  used,  but  it  imparts  a  brownish  color  to  the  labels.  Paste 
the  labels  on  the  bottle,  smooth  as  usual  (it  is  not  necessary 
to  wait  until  it  is  dry),  then  apply  the  varnish  with  a  soft 
brush. 

Non-Alcoholic   Liniment. 
(W.D.C.) — We  cannot  give  the  formula  for  the  proprietary 
preparation.     However,  it  is  possib'e  that  one  of  the  following 
formulas,  which  contain  no  alcohol,  may  answer  your  purpose: 

(1) 

Camphor     2  driins 

Oil  of   rosemary    2  minims 

Oil  of    mustard,    volatile 2  minims 

Cottonseed    oil    2  minims 

Oil  of  turpentine,  enough  to  make 6  ounces 

(2) 

Oil  of  sassafras    1  ounce 

Oil  of    origanum    1  ounce  j 

Oil  of    turpentine     2  ounces 

Camphorated    oil    2  ounces 

(3) 

Oil  of  cedar     1   A-  ounce 

Oil  of  cajuput     1  fl-  ounce 

Oil  of  cloves    1   fl-  ounce 

Oil  of  sassafras    1   A-  ounce 

The  last  formula  is  that  given  in  King's  American  Dispen- 
sarv  for  "linimentum  oleorum"  (liniment  of  oils),  which  is 
said  "to  form  an  efficient  application  to  rheumatic  and  other 
painful  affections;  it  should  also  be  rubbed  on  the  affected 
part  three  or  four  times  daily." 

Shaving    Cream. 
(C.S.T.) — We  cannot  give  the  formula  for  the  proprietary 
article,   but  the  following  formulas  have  been  recommended  as 
producing  satisfactory  preparations  of  this  character: 

(1) 
White  wax,  spermaceti,  almond  oil,  of  each  ^  ounce;  shav- 
ing  soap    (Williams'),    2    small    cakes;    rose    water,    2    ounces. 
Melt  the  soap  with  the  rose  water  in  a  wide-mouthed  bottle. 


14 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


Melt   the  wax,  spermaceti,  and  almond  oil   together  and  add 
to  the  warm  solution  of  soap,  beating  them  together  until  cool. 

(2) 
For  metal  tubes:  Lard,  16  ounces;  spermaceti,  1  ounce; 
caustic  potassa,  2  ounces;  alcohol,  jri  ounce;  oil  of  bitter 
almond,  20  minims;  water,  16  tl.  ounces.  JMelt  the  lard  and 
spermaceti  together  on  a  sand  bath.  Dissolve  the  caustic 
potassa  in  half  the  water  and  gradually  add  the  solution  to 
the  melted  lard  and  spermaceti  with  gentle  stirring.  Dissolve 
the  oil  of  almond  in  the  alcohol,  nii.\  with  the  water,  and 
while  the  soap  is  cooling,  mi.x  it  thoroughly.  The  resulting 
product  may  be  run  into  tubes  while  warm. 

(3) 

Curd  soap   8  ounces 

E.xpressed  oil  of  almonds 2  fl.  ounces 

Glycerin    1  fl.  ounce 

Spermaceti    i/^  ounce 

Potassium  carbonate   J4  ounce 

Water    20  fl.  ounces 

Cut  the  soap  into  shreds  and  dissolve  it  on  a  water-bath  in 
14  fl.  ounces  of  the  water.  Dissolve  the  spermaceti  in  the 
almond  oil,  and  while  warm  mi.\  it  with  the  glycerin,  potas- 
sium carbonate  and  the  remainder  of  the  water.  Transfer  to 
a  warm  mortar,  gradually  incorporate  the  warm  soap  solution, 
and  continue  to  stir  until  a  smootli  paste  is  obtained.  Add 
any  suitable  perfume. 

Non-Inflammable  Metal  Polish. 
(J.W.H.) — Try  one  of  the  following: 

(1) 

Alcohol    32  parts 

Solution    of  ammonia 3  parts 

Water    45  parts 

Carbon  tetrachloride    6}i  parts 

Kieselguhr    8  parts 

White  or  red  bole 4  parts 

Chalk     8  parts 

This  formula,  according  to  a  writer  in  the  Ch.  &  Dr., 
produces  a  metal  polishing  cream  which  has  the  advantage  of 
being  a  grease  solvent,  as  well  as  a  polishing  medium,  while 
the  addition  of  carbon  tetrachloride  keeps  it  out  of  the  catagory 
of  inflammable  polishes. 

(2) 

Soft  soap   2  pounds 

Water    10  pints 

Bora.\    S  ounces 

Ammonia   water    1]/^  ounces 

Infusorial   earth    2  pounds 

Tripoli    8  ounces 

Dissolve  the  soap  in  water  by  means  of  heat,  adding  the 
borax.  Remove  from  the  fire,  and  when  cooled,  add  the 
ammonia  and  stir  in  the  powders,  mi.xing  thoroughly. 

Black  and  Tan  Shoe  Polishes. 

(M.J.S.) — The  following  are  typical  formulas  for  shoe 
polish : 

Cream  B'acking — Paraffin,  30  parts;  ceresin,  10  parts;  crude 
wool  fat,  10  parts;  solution  of  caustic  soda  (38°B.),  2  parts; 
fat-soluble  nigrosin,  5  parts;  oil  of  turpentine,  180  parts;  melt 
the  paraffin,  ceresin,  and  wool  fat  together,  heat  to  120° C, 
adding  very  cautiously  a  little  at  a  time  and  under  constant 
stirring  the  solution  of  soda.  When  the  foam  caused  by  add- 
ing the  solution  vanishes,  let  cool  down  to  100°C.  and  dissolve 
the  nigrosin  in  the  mass.  Cool  down  to  80° C,  add  the  oil 
of  turpentine  and  stir  thoroughly.  Continue  the  stirring  until 
the  mass  cools  off.  It  makes  a  beautiful  shining  mass  which, 
when  ready  for  filling  into  small  packages,  must  be  heated 
just  enough  to  make  sufficiently  soft  to  flow  s'owly.  This 
formula  is  recommended  by  the  Siefensieder  Zeitung. 

Saponified  Cream  Blacking — Camauba  wax,  10  parts;  bees- 
wax, 20  parts;  solution  of  soda  (40°B.),  4  parts;  fat-soluble 
nigrosin.  15  parts;  hot  water,  160  parts;  oil  of  turpentine,  60 
parts.  Melt  the  camauba  wax  and  beeswax  together,  add  the 
solution  of  caustic  soda  and  continue  the  heat  until  saponi- 
fication takes  place  and  the  mass  becomes  homogeneous.  Let 
the  mass  cool  down  to  about  140°F.,  and  gradually  add  the 
color,  which  is  dissolved  in  the  oil  of  turpentine,  warmed  up 
to  125  °F.  in  a  water-bath. 

This  cream  can  be  made  of  any  color  desired  by  using 
instead  of  nigrosin  for  yello%v,  0.8  part  cerotin  yellow;  orange, 
0.6  part  cerotin  yellow  and  0.3  part  of  cerotin  orange;  brown. 


0  6  part  cerotin  orange  and  0.4  part  cerotin  brown ;  and  red, 

1  part  cerotin  scarlet  IJ,  e.xtra,  all  of  tlie  colors  named  to  be 
fat-soluble. 

For  a  typical  "paste"  basis,  "Pharmaceutical  Formulas"  gives 
the  following:  Carnauba  wax,  10  ounces;  beeswax,  3  ounces; 
stearin,  1  ounce;  oleic  acid,  1  ounce;  oil  of  turpentine,  45 
ounces.  Melt  the  three  solids  by  heat,  dissolve  tlic  coloring 
required  in  the  oleic  acid,  add  to  the  "melt,"  then  gradually  add 
the  turpentine,  keeping  the  mixture  at  a  temperature  of  40° C. 

For  a  typical  "cream"  basis,  the  same  authority  gives  this 
formula : 

Carnauba  wax,  1  ounce;  beeswax,  4  ounces;  pearlash,  & 
drams;  boiling  water,  6  ounces;  oil  of  turpentine,  40  ounces. 
Melt  the  wa.\cs  and  add  to  the  boiling  solution  of  pearlash, 
mix,  and  remove  from  the  fire.  Now  add  as  much  more 
boiling  water,  mixing  all  the  time,  and  gradually  work  in  the 
turpentine.  These  last  two  formulas  may  be  used  as  they  are 
for  any  color  of  leather,  but  it  is  preferable  to  stain  them  for 
respective  kinds.  Oil-soluble  blue,  nigrosin,  red,  green  and 
brown  dyes  (dissolved  in  the  oleic  acid)  may  be  used  for  the 
paste  in  the  proportion  of  10  to  30  grains  to  10  ounces  of  paste. 
For  the  cream,  use  the  same  dyes  dissolved  in  the  turpentine. 
Other  formulas  may  be  found  in  previous  volumes  of  the  Era. 
Consult  the  indexes. 


Kemoval  of  Warts. 
(M.W.) — "Can  you  advise  me  of  a  practical  formula  for 
the  preparation  of  a  liquid  remedy  to  remove  warts?  If 
glacial  acetic  acid,  what  strength  would  be  safe  and  effective?" 
Many  medical  writers  recommend  the  direct  application  of 
glacial  acetic  acid,  which  is  accomplished  by  touching  the  wart 
with  a  drop  of  the  acid  by  means  of  a  glass  rod,  or  by  slightly 
moistening  a  piece  of  blotting  paper  or  white  cambric  with  the 
acid  and  placing  it  on  the  wart.  "Pharmaceutical  Formulas" 
states  that  "the  safest  and  best  escharotic  is  glacial  acetic  acid 
applied  morning,  noon  and  night  with  a  camel-hair  pencil. 
Just  touch  the  wart  with  the  acid ;  do  not  saturate.  Should 
soreness  result,  drop  the  application  for  two  days,  then  resume." 
The  combination  of  salicylic  acid  with  acetic  acid  for  the 
purpose  is  not  uncommon,  Hare  ("Practical  Therapeutics") 
giving  this  formula : 

Salicylic    acid    !   30  grains 

."Acetic   acid    1  fl.  ounce 

Apply  with  a  camel-hair  brush. 

Here  are  two  other  formulas,  published  under  the  title  "Wart 
Paint" : 

(1) 

Carbolic   acid    1  dram 

Glacial    acetic    acid 3  drams 

(2) 

Chloral   hydrate 1  ounce 

Glacial    acetic    acid. 1   ounce 

Salicylic    acid    4  ounces 

Methylated   ether    4  ounces 

Flexible  col'odion   8  ounces 

See    also    fonnulas    in    April.     1912,     Era,    page    252,    and 
December  Er.'^,  same  year,  page  754. 

Removing'  Water  from  Camphorated  Oil. 
(F.A.M.) — Whether  it  will  be  commercial'y  practicable  to 
attempt  to  remove  water  from  camphorated  oil  will  depend  on 
the  quantity  of  oil  to  be  treated.  If  the  quantity  be  very  small, 
the  labor  and  difficulty  involved  will  hard'y  pay  for  the  trouble, 
as  new  stock  can  be  made  for  about  30  or  35  cents  a  pint. 
However,  if  the  quantity  be  sufficiently  large,  we  should  attempt 
the  operation  by  first  allowing  the  camphorated  oil  to  stand 
quiescent  sufficiently  long  to  permit  the  oil  and  water  to  sep- 
arate into  layers,  and  then  without  disturbing  the  mixture  would 
remove  all  of  the  aqueous  layer  possible  by  means  of  a  pipette. 
When  this  has  been  done,  shake  up  the  oily  mixture  with  some 
well-dried  sodium  sulphate,  in  the  proportion  of  about  two 
teaspoonfuls  of  the  salt  to  each  pint  of  oil.  On  coming  in 
contact  with  the  water,  the  dried  sulphate  will  take  it  up, 
coalescing  in  flocculent  masses  from  which  the  oil  may  be 
separated  by  simply  pouring  or  siphoning  off  the  oil.  Care 
must  be  taken  to  use  the  dried  or  exsiccated  sodium  sulphate 
which,  if  not  in  stock,  mav  be  readily  prepared  from  the  crys- 
talline salt  (Glauber's  saltl  by  heating  and  driving  off  the 
water  of  crystallization.  The  use  of  dried  sodium  sulphate 
for  abstracting  water  from  oils  and  fats  is  a  laboratory  method 
pnd  we  think  it  will  answer  your  purpose  in  removing  water 
from  camphorated  oil. 


January,  1914] 


THE   PHARiVIACEUTICAL   ERA 


15 


WOMEM  EM  PHAEMACY 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 


A  New  Year  Wireless. 


A  new  year — a  real,  unlived,  unmarred  bundle  of  365  shining 
•days,  is  a  wonderlul  thing.  Behind  us  lies  the  experience  of 
the  past  to  guide  us  in  the  opportunities  of  the  future;  for 
opportunities  for  work,  sacrifice,  and  growth  will  come  every 
single  day — if  you  and  I  are  ready  for  them. 

Let  us  resolve  together,  that  this  year — this  clean,  new  1914 — 
we  shall  at  least  be  better  than  our  word  and  more  generous 
than  our  promises.  Let  us  determine  to  be  rich  in  sympathy; 
strong  in  honest  effort;  unfaltering  in  patience;  true  in  justice; 
■courageous  in  right ;   abounding  in  fraternalism  and  hope. 

And  let  us  remember  that  the  Law  of  Compensation  will 
•bring  back  to  us  exactly  what  we  have  sent  out  to  others. 

Oh,  1914  is  sure  to  be  splendidly,  gloriously  worth  while 
because  we  are  going  to  marshal  the  troop  of  days  to  do  our 
wise  bidding !  We  are  going  to  command  the  morning,  and  if 
the  path  to  success  be  closed,  the  path  of  heroism  is  always 
■open,  and  sooner  or  later  it  will  lead  to  the  ultimate  goal, 
■even  if  circuitously,  of  true  happiness  and  lasting  success. 

A  happy  and  a  prosperous  new  year  for  each  of  the  Era's 
great  family  circle;  a  glad  and  a  strong  new  year,  the  very 
best,  all  things  considered,  that  has  been  vouchsafed  to  us  as 
yet  on  this,  our  earthly  journey! 

Emma  Gary  \V.m.lace. 


II.     The  Woman  Pharmacist's  Future. 


HYGIENIC    AND    SANITATION    INTEREST. 


THE  alert,  professional  man  finds  it  well  worth  his  time  to 
become  a  part — if  possible  a  dynamic  part — of  the  com- 
munity life  of  which  he  forms  a  part.  He  joins  the 
Business  Men's  Association  and  some  of  the  local  clubs  for 
fraternal  societies,  that  he  may  meet  and  establish  friendly 
relations  with  those  who  are  likely  at  some  time  to  have  need 
■of  his  services.  One  professional  ma--  of  the  legal  persuasion 
was  heard  to  declare  that  he  could  trace  65  good-paying  cases 
to   one  which  was  the   result  of  a  pleasant  club   acquaintance. 

The  woman  pharmacist  has  need  to  heed  the  same  oppor- 
tunity. If  there  are  Civic  Improvement,  Mother's  Clubs,  Home 
and  School  Leagues  or  those  of  similar  interests,  she  can  well 
afford  to  lend  a  hand. 

Of  course  she  will  have  no  desire  and  will  be  too  tactful 
even  to  suggest  by  word  or  deed,  "Buy  your  castor  oil  and 
fumigating  materials  of  me,"  but  in  establishing  public  con- 
fidence in  her  knowledge  she  is  laying  a  fine  business  founda- 
tion, nevertheless,  and  she  may  with  propriety  prepare  a 
most  helpful,  timely  paper  or  talk  on  such  subjects  as  "Proper 
Care  of  the  Sick-room  During  and  After  Contagious  Disease," 
or  "The  Use  and  Misuse  of  Household  Remedies,"  or  she  may 
give  a  series  of  interesting,  simple  experiments  to  show  how 
household  tests  may  be  made  for  common  adulterants  and 
harmful  colorings. 

It  will  pay  to  take  time  and  even  to  spend  a  little  money  to 
make  such  talks  or  experiments  thoroughly  interesting,  prac- 
tical, and  illuminating,  for  by  so  doing  the  woman  pharmacist 
is  establishing  herself  as  an  authority,  and,  as  she  is  readily 
available,  she  will  be  sought  and  her  services  more  thoroughly 
appreciated. 

The  writer  has  a  carefully  prepared  talk  on  pure  and  adul- 
terated spices  with  a  case  tilled  with  samples  of  each  (kindly 
provided  by  a  well-known  pharmaceutical  house)  and  has  had 
the  satisfaction  of  hearing  many  women  say:  "I  will  buy  my 
spices  in  future  where  I  know  the  goods  will  be  right." 
Attention  to  Sanitation. 

This  is  the  first  generation  that  has  made  a  science  of  sani- 
tation and  even  yet  the  rank  and  file  of  people  need  to  be 
awakened  to  the  menace  of  mouldy,  damp  cellars,  illy-cared- 
for  refrigerators,  pantries,  garbage  containers ;  foul  toilets  in 
schools,  stations,  and  public  places;  germ-laden  air  in  the  con- 


stantly  darkened   and   often   improperly  ventilated   moving-pic- 
ture shows,   etc.,  etc. 

What  can  the  woman  pharmacist  do  about  these  things? 
Are  they  in  her  line?  Is  it  wise  for  her  to  risk  stirring  up 
antagonism  to  herself  or  her  business  by  rousing  the  people 
who  are  responsible  for  these  neglected  conditions?  Why  not 
let  sleeping  dogs  lie?  Why!  Why!  Why! 
Pioneers    Heap    Reward. 

Pioneers  along  these  lines  everywhere  are  needed — those  who 
can  point  out  by  window  disp'ays,  advertisements  and  public- 
spirited  interest  that  they  are  ready,  willing  and  able  to  'help 
better   conditions. 

Of  course,  the  pioneer  will  have  for  sale  fumigators,  dis- 
infectants, deodorizers,  antiseptics,  germ  destroyers,  and  cleans- 
ing agents,  sponges,  gauzes,  soaps,  sterilizing  apparatus,  and 
renovating  materials,  such  as  oils,  polishes,  paints,  etc.;  but 
if  these  are  needed  from  a  health  and  happiness  standpoint, 
is  not  a  public  service  being  rendered  to  point  the  need,  and 
to  show   intelligent   means  of   caring   for   the   situation? 

The  doctor,  the  minister,  and  the  lawyer  contribute  from 
their  knowledge  and  experience  to  the  shaping  of  public 
opinion  and  are  not  criticised,  likewise  workers  along  every 
other  line.  Why  not  the  woman  pharmacist?  If  we  want 
specific  information,  we  go  to  one  especially  informed.  The 
pharmacist  is  a  specialist,  why  should  she  hide  her  light  under 
a  bushel  of  false  modesty?  It  is  perfectly  legitimate  also  that 
wise,  broad-minded  leaders  should  profit  because  of  their 
effort   in  behalf  of  the  public  betterment  and   welfare. 

Everybody  is  bound  to  profit  when  conditions  are  in-proved 
and  the  pioneers  themselves  are  in  the  front  rank,  as  k  entirely 
right  and  proper.  The  old  truism  remains  constant,  that  what 
we  get  out  of  anything  is  in  exact  proportion  to  what  we  put 
in.  Plant  indifference  and  we  get  indifferent  results;  plant 
stupid  methods  and  we  reap  stunted  returns;  p'ant  far-sighted, 
earnest,  intelligent  effort  and  harvest  satisfaction,  worth-while 
community  results  and  a  competence. 

{To  be  continued) 


W.O.N.A.R.D.  Prize  Won  by  Era  Course 
Student. 


THE  prize  offered  by  the  W.O.N.A.R.D.  to  the  woman 
student  receiving  the  highest  percentage  average  for  col- 
lege work,  covering  not  less  than  two  years,  has  been 
awarded  to  Mrs.  A.  C.  Collom,  of  16  South  Penn  street, 
Sharon,  Pa.  Mrs.  Collom  is  a  bride,  having  been  Miss  Myra 
Adele  Willson  until  the  time 
of  her  recent  marriage.  The 
charming  winner  of  this  $1*1- 
piece  was  born  in  Meadvilk. 
Pa.,  Oct.  4,  1889.  She  gradu- 
ated from  High  school  in 
1907,  from  Allegheny  Collegr 
in  1911,  and  from  the  Era 
Course  in  Pharmacy  in  1912 
During  her  junior  year  in 
college  her  father's  health 
gave  out  and  forced  him  to 
give  up  his  position  as  an  en- 
gineer. At  ~  that  time  Miss 
Willson  was  "keeping  com- 
pany" with  a  young  man  %vho 
was  a  druggist  in  one  of  the 
city's  leading  drug  stores. 
About  this  time  Mr.  Willson, 
who  was  born  and  reared  in 
Sharon,  Pa.,  heard  of  an  old 
and  well-established  drug  store 
in  that  place  for  sale.  Being  desirous  of  getting  into  some 
suitable  line  of  business,  he  decided  to  purchase  the  store, 
taking  as  his  partner  A.  C.  Collom,  his  daughter's  friend,  who 
was  to  manage  the  business. 


Mrs.  A.  C.  Collom. 


16 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


As  Miss  WilUon  had  a  decided  leaning  toward  the  study  of 
medicine,  she  determined  to  specialize  in  pharmacy  so  as  to  be 
of  assistance  in  the  business.  In  the  Fall  of  1911  she  entered 
the  Pittsburgh  College  of  Pharmacy.  Her  first  year  she 
finished  with  honor.  The  latter  part  of  the  second  year  she 
had  charge  of  the  drug  department  in  the  Presbyterian  Hospital 
at  .\:!c!;)  cny.  On  .■Vug.  6,  1913,  Miss  Willson  became  the  wife 
of  her   i.i'.her's  partner — .\rlhur   Collom. 

Mrs.  Collom  says  that  her  marriage  in  no  wise  interferes 
with  her  interest  in  her  chosen  work,  as  she  tliinks  it  is  one 
of  the  finest  callings  any  girl  can  clioose  as  it  is  decidedly 
the  kind  of  neat,  e.\act,  and  careful  work  in  which  a  woman 
delights,  not  to  mention  the  patience  she  is  called  upon  to 
exercise. 

The  Director  of  the  Era  Course  fee!s  a  justifiable  pride  in 
Mrs.  Collom's  work  and  the  honors  which  have  come  to  her. 
She  was  ever  a  conscientious  student,  making  the  relation  of 
instructor  and   instructed   a  verv-  pleasant  one. 

Mrs.  Collom  is  hereby  tendered  the  heartiest  well-wishes  for 
a  life-time  of  married  happiness  and  congratulations  upon 
the  signal  success  of  attaining  the  highest  standing  of  any 
young  woman  pharmacy  student  under  the  conditions  named. 


Miss  Frances  E.  Wells. 


T'r>  be  a  successful  pharmacist  is  exacting.  To  be  a  Civil 
■■Service  pharmacist  and  to  serve  with  increasing  satisfac- 
tion is  a  stamp  of  peculiar  efficiency.  Miss  Frances  E. 
Wells  is  and  for  the  past  two  years  has  been  pharmacist  under 
Civil  Service  regulations  at  the  Peoria  State  Hospital,  Peoria, 

111.  The  institutions  under 
the  State  of  Illinois  Board  of 
Administration  are : 

Elgin  State  Hospital,  Elgin; 
Kankakee  State  Hospital, 
Kankakee ;  Jacksonville  State 
Hospital,  Jacksonville ;  .Anna 
State  Hospital,  .\ima;  Water- 
town  State  Hospital,  Water- 
town  :  Peoria  State  Hospital, 
Peoria ;  Chester  State  Hos- 
pital, Menard :  Lincoln  State 
School  and  Colony.  Lincoln; 
the  Illinois  School  for  the 
Deaf,  Jacksonville;  the  Illi- 
nois School  for  the  Blind, 
Jacksonville:  the  Illinois  In- 
dustrial Home  for  the  Blind, 
Chicago;  the  Illinois  Soldiers' 
and  Sailors'  Home,  Quincy; 
Miss  F.  E.  Wells  ^^^    Soldiers'    Widows'    Home 

of  Illinois,  Wilmington;  the 
Illinois  Soldiers'  Orphans'  Home,  Xormal;  the  Illinois  Chari- 
table Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary.  Chicago;  the  State  Training 
School  for  Girls,  Geneva;  the  St.  Charles  School  for  Boys, 
St.  Charles. 

Miss  Wells  was  bom  and  brought  up  in  the  State  of  Maine. 
During  a  visit  to  Illinois  she  became  interested  in  pharmacy. 
.^  none  of  her  people  were  in  the  drug  business  they  felt 
her  determination  to  enter  the  profession  an  unwise  one  and 
all  tried  to  discourage  her  taking  it  up. 

Xevertheless,  she  persevered  and  graduated  from  the  Univer- 
sity SchooP  of  Pharmacy  in  1905.  .\fter  this,  this  earnest 
young  lady  worked  in  retail  drug  stores  and  hospital  phar- 
macies in  Chicago  to  gain  the  needful  experience  and  in  these 
associations  she  found  employers  and  associates  who  were 
courteous  and  considerate. 

Miss  Wells  finds  drug  work,  and  especially  her  present 
work,  very  interesting,  and  can  always  enthuse  about  it. 
Someone  has  truly  said  that  enthusiasm  is  the  white  heat  that 
fuses  the  elements  of  successful  endeavor.  Miss  Wells  is  a 
believer  in  organization  and  is  a  member  of  the  W.Ph.A., 
the  I.Ph..\..  and  the  A. Ph.. A.,  all  of  which  goes  to  show 
that  our  friends  are  not  always  the  best  judge  of  what  we 
should  and  can  do,  even  though  they  may  be  thoroughly  sin- 
cere in  their  advice. 


its  women  graduates.  There  are  18  in  all.  The  registrar- 
treasurer,   W.   B.  Graham  writes: 

"Some  of  our  lady  graduates  have  taken  up  hospital  work 
and  have  become  splendid  dispensers  in  hospitals  and  lecturers 
in  materia  medica  to  the  nurses." 

The  Year  Book  shows  that  our  Canadian  sisters  have  fine 
opportunities  for   gaining  a   thorough  professional   training. 


Boston  Offers  An  Attractive  Programme. 

THE  Winter's  programme  of  Boston  Chapter  Xo.  1  is  espe- 
cially attractive.  It  provides  for  eight  meetings,  tho-e 
yet  to  come  being  as  follows: 

Jan.   15 Home  Economics  Department 

The  Education  of  Girls  as  Home-Makers, 

Mrs.  Margaret  J.  Stannard. 
Music,  Mrs.  DeForest  Smith,  Violinist. 

Feb.   19 Literature  Department 

Guest  Day.    Music,  Fensmore  Orchestra. 

March    19 Legislative   Department 

Mr.  Edwin  Mulready   (subject  announced  later). 
Music,  Miss  Margaret  Blake,   Soprano. 

April    16 Philanthropy    Department 

Charity    Work    E.vperiences,    Mrs.    Mary    R.    Martin, 
ilusic,  Mrs.  Willa  Quimby,  Pianist. 

May  8 .■Annual  Luncheon 

Election  of  Officers. 

Music,  Miss  Isabelle  Stevens,   Soprano. 

.■Aside  from  this  Home  Economics  conferences  are  held   on 

the  fourth  Thursday  of  each  month  from  October  to  .April  at 

the  homes  of  the  members  of  the  committee.     The  subjects  for 

discussion  are : 

Jan.   22 — Euthenics,  Mrs.  Morey. 
Hostess,   Mrs.   Edwards. 
Feb.    26 — ^How    to    Save    Fuel,    Time,    Labor    and    Money    in 
Cooking  Ordinarj'  Dinners,  Mrs.  CoimoUy. 
Hostess,  Mrs.  Hayes. 
Mar.  26 — Home  Problems  from  a  Xew  Standpoint,  Mrs.  Cor- 
ner. 
Hostess,   ilrs.   Conolly. 
Apr.    23 — Reminiscences   of   Linda   Richards,   Mrs.    Gammon. 
Hostess,  Mrs.  Comer. 
The  Literature  Committee  meets  the  third  Thursday  of  the 
month  and  has  planned  to  examine  the  works  of  a  number  of 
standard  authors. 

Jan.  19 — William    Locke    and    "The    Glor>-    of    Clementina." 
Paper  by  Mrs.  Connolly.    Hostess,  Mrs.  Waterhouse. 
Feb.    23 — Program  to  be  announced. 
Mar.  23 — Mrs.  Humphrey  Ward  and  "Lady  Rose's  Daughter." 

Paper  by  Mrs.  Waterhouse.     Hostess,  Mrs.  Hayes. 
.Apr.    20 — .Arnold  Bennett  and  "Hilda  Lessways." 

Paper  by  Mrs.   Hayes.     Hostess,   Jlrs.   Green. 
The  Philanthropy  Committee  meets  on  the  second  Tuesday 
of  each  month  to  sew  for  local  charities. 

It  will  thus  be  seen  that  there  is  something  of  interest 
going  on  all  the  time  and  the  Spring  is  sure  to  find  the  mem- 
bers much  better  informed  because  of  their  work  and  study 
together. 


BOSTON  •W.O.B.A.K.D.  MEETS. 


On  Thursdaj',  Xov.  20,  a  meeting  of  the  W.O.B..A.R.D. 
was  held  at  the  Hotel  ^'endome,  Mrs.  James  Cooper,  president 
of  the  club,  presiding.  After  the  business  was  transacted, 
W.  L.  Hubbard,  assisted  by  Floyd  Ba-xter,  gave  an  inter- 
esting talk  on  the  Opera  of  Tales  of  Hoffman  with  musical 
se'ections.  Tea  was  served  by  Mrs.  William  D.  Comer,  Mrs 
William  R.  Acheson,  Mrs.  Frances  J.  Connolly  and  Mrs.  T.  J. 
Bradlev. 


CHICAGO  CHAPTER  HAS  CHRISTMAS  TREE. 


ONTARIO    WOMEN    GRADUATES. 


A  most  attractive  Year  Book  for  1913-1914  has  just  come 
to  hand  from  the  Ontario  College  of  Pharmacy  with  a  list  of 


Chicago  Chapter,  Xo.  2,  A\'oman's  Organization,  National 
.Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  held  a  Christmas  tree  party 
at  the  Hotel  LaSalle  ball  room  on  Tuesday  afternoon,  Dec.  30, 
from  2  till  5  o'clock.  The  party  was  for  the  special  benefit  of 
the  children,  who  enjoyed  the  fun  hugely.  In  the  evening  of 
the  same  day  there  was  a  dance  for  the  young  people  also. 
Mrs.  C.  D.  Collins  and  Mrs.  B.  A.  C.  Hoelzer  were  the  ladies 
in  charge  of  the  arrangements. 


^immvfAivi^^fyfmi>&\vM»i\^ii^^^ 


Laws  Governing  Narcotic  Sales  Enforced  as  Never  Before. 


THE  iiicreasing  use  of  narcotics  in  all  parts  of  the  countrj-, 
and  the  consequent  bulletins  by  food  and  drug  officials, 
have  influenced  the  Department  of  Agriculture  to  a  de- 
cision to  enforce  Treasury  Decision  33,456 — as  regards  the 
importation  of  narcotic  drugs — until  Congress  shall  enact  the 
Harrison  anti-narcotic  bill,  or  some  similar  measure. 

This  Treasury  Decision  has  been  outlined  and  discussed  in 
previous  issues  of  the  Era.  By  letter,  Dr.  Alsberg  has  assured 
the  legislative  committee  of  the  Kings  County  Ph.S.  that  it 
would  not  be  interpreted  by  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  as  apply- 
ing to  prescriptions;  if  rigid'y  enforced  it  would  regulate  the 
importation  and  sale  of  cocaine,  under  authority  given  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  under  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs 
Act.  By  this  act  the  Secretary  is  given  jurisdiction  over  any 
article  of  food  or  drugs  imported  into  the  United  States,  if 
such  food  or  drugs  are  "adulterated  or  misbranded  within  the 
meaning  of  the  act"  or  are  "otherwise  dangerous  to  the  health 
of  the  people  of  the  United  States." 

Dr.  Carl  L.  Alsberg,  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry, 
and  Dr.  Lyman  F.  Kebler,  chief  of  the  Drug  Division,  are 
quoted  in  a  recent  interview  to  the  effect  that  there  is  not  one 
case  in  10.000  where  an  internal  dose  of  such  a  drug  as 
cocaine  is  necessary.  Dr.  Kebler  said  that  "in  spite  of  this 
fact,  the  United  States  imports  1,202,300  pounds  of  coca  leaves 
in  a  year — half  of  the  world's  supply  w-hich  passes  through 
the  .'Xmsterdam  market.  From  these  leaves  140,000  ounces  of 
cocaine  are  made.  I  believe  an  estimate  of  a  million  users  in 
this  country  is  conservative.  .\  large  number  are  due  to  the 
ease  with  which  heroin,  a  morphine  derivative,  may  be  pro- 
cured. This  drug  was  practically  unknown  when  e.xisting  drug 
laws  were  made,  and  few  provide  any  restrictions  for  its  sale. 
It  produces  violent  convulsions,  which  often  result  in  death, 
making  it  one  of  the  most  dangerous  drugs." 


to    medicine    through    the    prohibition    of    morphine,    alcohol, 
opium  and  cocaine. 

Dr.  C.  J.  Douglas,  of  Boston,  another  speaker,  stated  that 
heroin  was  making  victims  by  the  hundreds  in  his  city.  The 
vicinity  of  one  drug  store  in  Boston  which  markets  heroin  is 
called  "Heroin  So.uare." 


U.S.    Second   to    China   in   Abuse   of   Opium   Products. 

Phil.\delphI-\,  Dec.  4. — As  a  criterion  of  the  probab'e  drift 
of  public  opinion,  the  recent  address  of  Dr.  B.  C.  Keister,  a 
Roanoke  specialist  before  a  meeting  of  the  Society  for  the 
Study  of  Alcohol  and  other  Narcotics  held  at  the  Rittenhouse 
bote',  deserves  consideration.  Dr.  Keister  asserted  that  the 
United  States  is  now  second  to  China  and  ahead  of  every 
other  country  in  the  world  in  the  use  of  opium  and  narcotics 
derived  from  it.  "The  menace  is  so  great  that  there  is  danger 
of  our  degenerating  back  to  something  worse  than  monkeydom." 
The  only  logical  course,  the  speaker  argued,  w-as  to  cut  the 
habit-forming  drugs  out  of  the  Pharmacopoeia  entirely,  and 
prohibit  their  manufacture. 

Dr.  Keister  further  asserted  that  this  country  imported 
400,000  "pounds  of  opium  a  year,  15  times  as  much  as  is 
consumed  by  Austria,  Germany  and  Italy  combined,  in  a 
similar  period.  Seventy-five  per  cent,  of  this  opium  is  manu- 
factured into  morphine,  and  of  the  latter  only  20  per  cent, 
finds  its  way  into  legitimate  medical  practice.  Morphine  is 
being  used  extensively,  even  in  cigarettes. 

All  of  Dr.  Keister's  figures  ^-ere  startling.  American  cocaine 
habitues  consumed  150,000  ounces  per  year.  Twenty-three  per 
cent,  of  the  medical  profession  were  victims  of  the  morphine 
habit.  The  complete  abolition  of  the  manufacture  of  the 
hibit-forming  drugs,  including  alcohol,  would  reduce  homi- 
cides by  SO  per  cent.,  suicides  by  60  per  cent.,  and  lunacy  by 
33   per   cent.     The   possible   benefits   would   outweigh   the   loss 


Grand    Jury   May    Indict    Memphis    Drugg'ist. 

Xew  York,  Dec.  10. — The  gr;ind  jury  recently  began  an 
investigation  which  may  result  in  the  indictment  of  a  druggist 
of  Memphis,  Tenn.,  who  is  said  to  have  sold  in  one  year  more 
than  $200,000  worth  of  cocaine  in  this  city.  Floyd  H.  Wilmot, 
assistant  district  attorney,  made  a  flying  trip  to  ^Memphis, 
fol  owing  receipt  of  information  that  the  Memphis  druggist 
had  sold  .^15,000  worth  of  cocaine  to  James  Di  Lorenzo,  who 
is  awaiting  trial  here  for  violation  of  the  anti-cocaine  law. 
Wilmot  obtained  the  records  of  all  the  telegraph  messages  that 
passed  between  the  druggist  and  Di  Lorenzo  for  three  months 
and  believes  that  his  evidence  is  so  convincing  that  the  services 
of  Di  Lorenzo  as  a  State's  witness  will  not  be  needed.  This 
is  the  first  attempt  in  this  country  to  prosecute  dealers  in 
another  State  who  sell  cocaine  here.  If  the  higher  courts 
decide  that  the  local  authorities  have  no  jurisdiction  die  mat- 
ter will  be  taken  to  the  United  States  authorities. 


Smoking  Opium  Conspiracy  Charge  Fails  to  Convict. 

Xew  York,  Dec.  10. — Lionel  W.  Widder,  wholesale  drug- 
gist at  502  West  Broadway :  Samuel  Eerman,  Widder's  rep- 
resentative, and  Ing  Quong  Quock,  of  32  Division  street,  were 
found  "not  guilty"  in  the  Criminal  Branch  of  the  United 
States  District  Court  of  the  charge  of  participating  in  a  con- 
spiracy to  manufacture  smoking  opium.  Evidence  was  pre- 
sented at  the  trial  that  showed  the  defendants  had  sold  crude 
opium  across  the  counter  in  large  quantities  four  and  five 
times  a  week  to  Chinamen,  and  that  no  records  were  kept  of 
these  transactions.  No  evidence,  however,  was  presented  *o 
show  that  the  defendants  had  positive  knowledge  as  to  the 
final  disposition  or  use  of  the  opium  so  delivered.  Records 
were  kept  of  the  rest  of  the  firm's  business  and  deliveries  were 
made  by  wagon  to  the  respective  doors  of  the  defendants' 
customers,  exception  being  made,  it  seemed,  when  opium  was 
delivered. 

The  driver  in  one  case,  according  to  the  testimony,  left  his 
horse  and  wagon  some  distance — a  block  or  so — away  and 
walked  to  the  address  of  delivery.  He  climbed  four  flights  of 
stairs  and  delivered  the  opium  to  a  Chinaman,  who  was  neither 
"tall,  short,  big  or  little"  and  had  the  name  of  "Charley,"  an 
appellative  which  might  be  employed  to  denominate  any 
Chinaman  in  this  country.  It  was  necessary  to  leave  the  horse 
and  wagon  some  distance  from  addresses  fronted  by  "L" 
structures,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  horse  had  run  away 
some  time  previous,  probably  having  been  frightened  by  the 
overhead  racket,  and  the  driver  had  been  instructec'  by  some- 
one not  to  leave  it  where  such  an  accident  might  occur  again. 
Crude  opium  was  delivered  in  large  quantities  to  nn  address, 
the  building  at  which  was  fronted  by  the  "L."  Opium  was 
also  delivered  personally  by  one  of  the  defendants  to  a  China- 
man in  Newark,  N.  J.  One  of  the  defendants  could  not 
remember  having  said  before  Commissioner  Shields  that  he 
thought  or  said  the  opium  was  to  be  used  for  smoking  piu"- 
poses.     Widder  claimed   that  he  did  not   know  he   was  selling 


IS 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


the  opium  to  a  tnanufacturer  of  smoking  opium:  he  thought 
the  Chinamen  would  resell  it.  Out  of  $200,000  annual  busi- 
ness, ?25,000  was  done  iu  opium  transactions.  Four  thousand 
pounds  were  sold  in  all. 

.\n  interesting  feature  of  the  trial  was  a  statement  by  one 
of  the  wiuiesses  that  Chinamen  bought  large  quantities  of 
crude  opium  across  the  counters  of  five  or  six  of  the  largest 
wholesale  druggists  in  this  city.  Two  of  these  firms  were 
named.  This  witness  had  not  seen  such  transactions  consum- 
mated, but  he  had  been  to!d  that  such  was  the  case  by  a 
responsible  employee  of  one  of  the  firms.  The  defendants 
obtained  their  crude  opium  from  these  large  wholesale  firms. 

Frank  .\ronow,  counsel  for  Widder  and  Berman,  success- 
fully defended  his  clients  against  the  charge  of  conspiracy  to 
manufacture  smoking  opium. 


Mostly  Personal 


New  York's  Anti-Cocaine  Law  Effective. 
New  York,  Dec.  10. — .\s  was  prophesied  when  the  present 
anti-cocaine  law  of  this  State  was  drafted,  most  of  the  cases 
coming  under  its  provisions  have  been  thrown  into  Special 
Sessions.  From  ^Iay  9,  when  the  law  went  into  effect,  to 
Nov.  10,  11^  cases  were  brought  into  Special  Sessions.  Thir- 
teen cases  were  pending  at  the  latter  date.  Of  the  106  cases 
disposed  of  101  have  resulted  in  convictions.  In  General  Sessions 
there  have  been  31  cases.  Of  these,  three  defendants  were 
convicted  of  a  felony,  16  pleaded  guilty  to  a  misdemeanor, 
si.x  were  discharged  and  the  other  cases  were  pending  on 
Nov.  10.  Fifty-one  defendants  out  of  102  cases  were  ac- 
quitted  in    1912   under  the  old   law. 


Cocaine   Sale    Sentence   in   Toledo. 

Thomas  A.  Huston,  for  40  years  one  of  the  leading  drug- 
gists in  Toledo,  Ohio,  was  fined  ?150  and  given  a  jail  sentence 
of  60  days,  Nov.  19,  on  the  charge  of  selling  cocaine  illegally. 
The  prosecution  was  carried  on  by  the  State  -Agricultural 
Commission,  whose  inspectors  had  been  working  among  Toledo 
druggists  for  several  weeks.  John  H.  Bell,  of  Schaeffer  & 
Bell,  the  other  druggist  arrested  at  the  same  time  by  the  in- 
spectors, promised  the  court  he  would  not  sell  habit-forming 
drugs  to  any  but  reputable  physicians,  and  that  he  would 
endeavor  to  do  as  little  business  as  possible  in  that  line.  He 
was  fined  $75  and  costs  and  severely  lectured  by  the  court. 
Mr.  Huston  told  the  court :  "I  absolutely  refused  to  fill  a  pre- 
scription for  more  than  10  grains.  .At  first  I  refused  to  fill 
any  prescriptions  for  Dr.  Lilly  or  Dr.  Sickles.  Dr.  Lilly  came 
to  me  personally  and  told  me  that  he  was  working  out  a  cure 
by  gradually  lessening  the  dose  for  the  drug  fiends.  The 
same  was  true  of  Dr.  Sickles.  I  filled  prescriptions  to  help 
them  in  a  good  cause." 

George  Ritter,  special  prosecuting  attorney,  said  that  from 
Aug.  13  to  Oct.  29  Huston  filled  711  prescriptions  for  mor- 
phine and  cocaine.  Ritter  also  said  that  from  Oct.  29  to  the 
day  of  arrest  Huston  had  filled  150  prescriptions.  He  re- 
ceived from  50  cents  up  for  each  prescription. 

"His  apparent  purpose  in  fil'ing  the  prescriptions,"  said 
Ritter,  "was  to  get  the  money.  He  did  not  fill  them  for  the 
sake  of  humanity,  but  only  for  profit.  The  wholesale  house 
with  whom  he  dealt  warned  him  against  the  use  of  such 
large  quantities  of  done." 

"It  would  not  be  fair."  said  Judge  O'Donne'l,  "if  the  people 
in  prominent  positions  are  going  to  be  allowed  to  vio'ate  these 
laws,  while  poor  unfortunates  suffer  from  their  conduct. 
Drugs  have  been  peddled  on  the  street  and  V'ave  brought 
ruination  to  more  homes  than  anything  e'se.  Tl^e  court  is 
bound  to  protect  the  interests  of  the  public.  I  don't  believe 
in  fines." 


Wilmington  Druggists  Fined  SlOO  and  Costs. 
James  Ferris  Belt  a  druggist  of  Wilmington.  Del.,  was 
fined  SlOO  and  cos's  Dec.  10  in  the  Municipal  Court  there  for 
selling  cocaine.  His  arrest  fo'lowed  the  capture  of  several 
ceddlers  of  the  dn-e.  it  being  found  that  a  reeular  syndicate 
to  carry  on  the  traffic  existed.  One  of  the  peddlers  to  whom 
Be't  had  so'd  the  cocaine  was  fined  a  similar  'mount.  Thomas 
PhilliDs,  Belt's  clerk,  w?s  fined  several  days  before.  Belt  pay- 
ing the  fine. 


65th   New  Tork  Arrest  in   Cocaine  Raids. 
Albert  ^■eraldo.  of  We=t  45th  street.   Xew  York   City,  was 
arrested  Dec  18.  as  a  result  of  the  New  York  crusade  against 
illegal  cocaine  se'lers. 


— REPRESENi.\iiVhs  oi  Jiiui.mapolis  drug  interests  responded 
quickly  to  a  call  of  Sheriff  Theodore  Porlteus  for  aid  during 
the  recent  strike  of  street  and  interurban  railway  employees 
in  that  city.  The  city  and  interurban  service  was  suspended 
for  one  week  and  during  most  of  that  time  the  city  was  in  the 
hands  of  an  uncontrollable  mob.  The  police  were  unable  to 
control  the  situation,  and  the  sheriff  organized  a  force  of  1000 
deputy  sheriffs,  consisting  of  the  leading  business  and  pro- 
fessional men  in  the  city.  This  force  acted  wholly  in  an 
advisory  capacity,  and  in  a  few  days,  with  the  aid  of  Governor 
Samuel  M.  Ralston,  an  agreement  was  reached  between  the 
employers  whereby  the  differences  were  submitted  to  the  In- 
diana Public  Service  Commission  for  arbitration.  .Among 
those  who  were  sworn  in  as  deputy  sheriffs  were  J.  K.  Lilly 
and  Charles  J.  Lynn,  president  and  vice-president,  respectively, 
of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  and  William  J.  Mooney,  of  the  Mooney- 
Mueller  Drug  Co.  Mr.  Lynn  was  made  chairman  of  a  special 
committee  of  five,  which  acted  in  an  advisory  capacity  to 
Sheriff  Portteus  and  Martin  J.  Hyland,  superintendent  of 
police. 

— Two  former  di"uggists  were  elected  to  office  at  the  election 
in  Massachusetts  in  November.  Frank  J.  Donahue,  a  gradu- 
ate of  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy,  but  who  re- 
cently has  been  engaged  in  newspaper  work,  was  re-elected 
Secretary  of  State,  and  Fred  W.  Mansfield,  a  registered  phar- 
macist, who  forsook  pharmacy  for  law,  was  elected  State 
Treasurer.  Both  are  Democrats.  Representative  Thomas  W. 
White,  of  Newton,  a  druggist,  was  re-elected  to  the  Legisla- 
ture. John  J.  Gilbride,  a  registered  pharmacist,  who  for  sev- 
eral years  was  employed  in  a  Lowell  drug  store,  was  elected 
to  the  Legislature  as  a  Democrat,  in  the  face  of  unusual 
opposition,  and  is  one  of  the  youngest  members  in  the  House. 
He  was  bom  Sept.  14,  1889,  graduated  from  the  Lowell  High 
School  at  the  age  of  16,  and,  securing  employment  in  a  drug 
store,  became  a  registered  pharmacist  in  April,  1912.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  State  Pharmaceutical  Association 
and  of  the  Mathew  Temperance  Institute  and  the  Knights  of 
Columbus. 

— Louis  K.  Liggett,  president  of  the  United  Drug  Co.,  gave 
a  talk  on  "Co-operation  Between  Manufacturers  and  the  Re- 
tailer" at  a  recent  luncheon  of  the  Boston  Publicity  Club. 
He  explained  in  detail  the  system  that  has  been  adopted  by 
his  company  in  co-operating  with  retail  merchants.  Through 
the  closer  understanding  between  the  manufacturer  and  the 
retailer,  said  Mr.  Liggett,  the  middleman  has  come  within  the 
last  20  years  to  occupy  a  less  important  position  in  trade 
Many  of  the  larger  manufacturing  houses  in  all  lines  are 
establishing  retail  stores  which  serve  not  only  to  advertise  their 
wares  the  way  they  want  them  advertised,  but  also  show  a 
very  satisfactory  profit.  The  jobber,  Mr.  Liggett  believes,  has 
little  or  no  place  in  20th-century  business.  Direct  sales  from 
manufacturer  to  retailer  mean  lower  prices  for  the  ultimate 
consumer.  While  the  middleman  will  continue  to  exist  in 
many  lines  of  merchandising  for  a  good  many  years,  Mr. 
Liggett  said  that  he  believed  he  could  be  eliminated  in  many 
cases. 

— .Arthur  Nattans,  who  is  just  21  years  old  and  holds  the 
position  of  secretary  of  the  Read  Drug  &  Chemical  Company, 
which  conducts  a  wholesale  and  retail  business  in  Baltimore, 
e'ooed  with  and  married  Carlyn  Burgunder.  just  18  years  old, 
recently.  The  couple  got  a  license  and  were  married  by  a 
rabbi,  afterward  going  to  Pittsburgh  and  from  there  telegraph- 
ing the  news  home  and  asking  forgiveness.  The  parents  of 
the  young  people  tried  to  stop  the  elopement  but  were  too 
late.  Mr.  Nattans  is  a  son  of  Mrs.  Jennie  Nattans,  widow  of 
the  late  Arthur  Nattans,  who  for  years  controlled  the  company. 
The  widow  now  ho'ds  a  majority  of  the  stock.  A  brother  of 
the  groom,  Ralph  A.  Nattans,  is  general  manager  of  the  com- 
pany. 

— Mrs.  A'lOtA  Neubig,  owner  of  the  Neubig  pharmacy,  m 
Brighton  avenue.  Rochester,  Pa.,  and  .Andrew  I.  Kerr,  a  well- 
known  pharmacist  of  East  Liverpool.  Ohio,  went  to  Youngs- 
town,  Ohio,  where  they  were  married  recently.  Mr.  Kerr  has 
been  employed  as  manager  at  the  Neubig  pharmacy.  After 
the  wedding  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kerr  returned  to  Rochester.  Pa, 
where  they  will  go  to  housekeeping.  The  bride  is  one  of  the 
most  popular  business  women  in  the  Beaver  Valley,  while  Mr. 


January,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


19 


Kerr  is  widely  known  as  a  graduate  pliarmacist  in  Pittsburgh 
and  other  Western  Pennsylvania  and  Eastern  Ohio  towns.  He 
is  a  native  of  East  Liverpool,  Ohio,  where  he  has  managed 
different  stores  since  receiving  his  diploma. 

— John  G.  Beck,  of  Baltimore,  general  manager  of  the 
Calvert  Drug  Co.,  a  co-operative  buying  and  wholesale  organi- 
zation, who  was  taken  ill  at  his  office  about  two  months  ago 
and  had  to  be  sent  home,  continues  to  be  in  an  unsatisfac- 
tory state,  and  it  is  said  that  he  will  be  sent  to  a  sanitarium 
in  order  that  he  may  have  the  best  attention.  In  his  absence 
President  Harry  F.  Lindeman  and  Secretary  R.  E.  Lee  Wil- 
liamson are  looking  after  details  at  the  Calvert  company's  new 
place  of  business  in  West  German  street,  where  the  corpora- 
tion occupies  a  handsome  five-story  brick  and  terra  cotta 
building.     This  latter  Mr.  Beck  helped  to  plan  and  equip. 

— Charles  M.  Carr,  editor  of  The  Journal  of  the  N.A.R.D. 
(N.A.R.D.  Notes)  and  "official  booster"  of  the  retail  drug- 
gists' organization,  has  severed  his  connection  with  that  pub- 
lication and  is  devoting  his  attention  to  his  new  journal.  The 
Package  Advertiser.  The  new  journal  is  of  chap-book  size, 
but  is  filled  with  advertising  and  well-written  and  well-illus- 
trated material  relating  to  its  chosen  field.  Col.  Carr  was 
the  founder  of  N.A.R.D.  Notes  and  for  11  years  has  devoted 
himself  to  furthering  the  interests  of  the  National  organi- 
zation through  this  journal.  His  successor  is  Hugh  Craig,  of 
New   York. 

— Frank  H.  Garrett,  manager  of  the  Harle-Haas  Drug 
Co.,  of  Council  Bluffs,  left  Dec.  12  for  Chicago  and  Eastern 
cities  to  do  the  annual  buying  for  his  house.  Accompanying 
Mr.  Garrett  were  four  of  his  traveling  salesmen,  P.  B.  Hull, 
Keith  Bradley,  W.  J.  O'Donnell  and  Harry  Conklin.  Accord- 
ing to  an  agreement  entered  into  at  the  beginning  of  the  sea- 
son four  travelers  holding  the  high  record  in  their  territories 
were  to  be  given  this  trip  with  Mr.  Garrett.  The  four  men- 
tioned were  the  lucky  ones  and  had  an  exceedingly  pleasant 
outing  at  the  expense  of  the  company. 

— The  reappointment  of  Edward  H.  Wa!sdorf,  secretary  of 
the  Louisiana  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  by  Gov.  Hall  recently 
was  an  exceedingly  popular  one  in  New  Orleans,  where  Mr. 
Walsdorf  is  recognized  as  one  of  the  leading  druggists  in  the 
city.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy 
for  the  past  five  years,  during  which  period  he  has  been  very 
active  in  enforcing  the  State  Pharmacy  laws.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  A. Ph. A.,  president  of  the  State  Ph. A.,  and  of  the 
Orleans  Ph. A.,  and  is  also  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Control 
of  the  American  Druggists'   Syndicate. 

— C.  Phhip  Donnel,  of  the  sales  staff  of  the  Smith,  Kline 
&  French  Co.,  of  Philadelphia,  since  its  organization  in  1891, 
has  resigned  to  become  the  president  of  the  Williams-Donnel 
Drug  Co.,  a  newly  incorporated  wholesa'e  drug  company  in 
Norfolk,  Va.,  with  $50,000  capital.  H.  G.  Malsbury  will  be 
vice-president  and  general  manager,  and  John  N.  Williams, 
Jr.,  of  Norfolk,  son  of  the  founder  of  the  drug  house  of 
Williams,  Martin  &  Gray,  will  be  secretary  and  treasurer  of 
the  new-  company. 

— J.  H.  Hubley,  for  many  years  store  manager  for  Wm.  B. 
Riker  &  Son  Co.,  and  later  for  Riker-Hegeman  Co.,  has  severed 
his  connection  with  the  latter  corporation.  For  some  years 
Mr.  Hubley  was  in  charge  of  the  Riker's  23d  street  and  Sixth 
avenue  store.  More  recently  he  managed  the  42d  street  and 
Sixth  avenue  store.  Mr.  Hubley  was  very  popular  with  his 
assistants  and  will  be  missed  by  them.  , 

— Albert  Ross,  Jr.,  who  operated  a  drug  store  at  Eighth 
and  Vine  streets,  Cincinnati,  will  open  up  a  new  store  at  the 
southwest  corner  of  Ninth  and  Walnut  streets.  The  Weather- 
head  Drug  Company  has  leased  Mr.  Ross's  present  location. 
The  Weatherhead  firm  will  move  into  new  quarters  about  the 
middle  of  January,  while  Ross  will  take  hold  of  his  new  place 
about   the  middle  of  December. 

— E.  B.  Curtis,  formerly  a  drug  clerk  with  the  L.  B.  Swett 
&  Co.  store  in  Bath,  Me.,  has  been  appointed  manager  of  the 
new  Riker- Jayne  store  at  Lewiston.  The  store  is  one  of  the 
finest  in  Maine  and  occupies  the  front  of  the  Journal  building. 
Mr.  Curtis  is  a  graduate  of  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Phar- 
macy, and  has  been  with  the  Riker- Jaynes  Co.  several  years. 
— Miss  Mary  Cunningham,  of  Holyoke,  Mass.,  has  become 
a  registered  pharmacist.  For  several  years  she  has  been  con- 
nected with  Martin's  pharmacy,  Holyoke.  She  is  the  second 
young  Holyoke  woman  to  become  registered,  the  other  being 
Miss  Grace  O'Connor,  of  the  O'Connor  pharmacy  in  High 
street. 


— Charles  J.  Lynn,  vice-president  and  general  manager  of 
Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  was  asked  by  Mayor  Samuel  L.  Shank  a  few 
days  ago  to  become  a  member  of  tlie  Indianapolis  board  of 
safety,  which  controls  the  police  and  fire  departments.  Mr. 
Lynn  declined  the  offer  because  of  his  business  responsibilities. 

— Paul  J.  Mandabach,  field  manager  of  the  National  Drug 
Clerk,  tile  official  publication  of  the  N..A.D.C.,  was  a  recent 
visitor  at  this  office.  He  was  in  New  York  in  the  interests 
of  his  publication  and  of  the  Druggists'  Home  at  Palmyra, 
Wis.,  which  was  founded  by  the  National  Drug  Clerks'  Asso- 
ciation. 

— .After  15  years  away  from  his  former  home,  W.  A.  Browne 
has  returned  to  Boston  to  take  charge  of  the  new  store  of 
Green  the  Druggist  in  Scollay  Square.  Mr.  Browne  has  been 
in  the  drug  business  all  his  life,  and  for  the  past  15  years 
has  been  manager  of  the  Green  Springfield  store. 

— Ralph  E.  Dorland,  proprietor  of  the  drug  business  at 
Fourth  and  Jefferson  streets,  Springfield,  111.,  will  remove  his 
business  to  Gillespie,  same  State.  Mr.  Dorland  is  very  well 
known  to  Illinois  druggists  because  of  his  activities  for  the 
benefit  of  his  fellow  craftsmen. 

— J.4MES  W.  MORRISSON,  president  of  Morrisson,  Plummer 
&  Company,  and  member  of  the  Board  of  Control,  N.W.D.A., 
has  been  elected  general  secretary  of  the  Chicago  Association 
of  Commerce.  Mr.  Morrisson  is  also  a  director  and  member 
of  the  executive  committee. 

— F.  D.  Mark,  a  Tacoma,  Wash.,  druggist,  has  been  ap- 
pointed a  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy.  Mr.  Marr 
comes  from  a  family  of  druggists,  his  father  being  one  of  the 
pioneers  in  that  State.  The  new  State  official  is  manager  of 
the   Virges  Drug   Co. 

— Miss  Norma  Hawxey,  of  Sherman.  N.  Y.,  who  for  a 
little  more  than  two  years  has  been  the  pharmacist  at  the 
Miami  Valley  Hospital,  has  tendered  her  resignation  and 
accepted  a  similar  position  with  the  Southside  Hospital,  Pitts- 
burgh. 

— The  engagement  of  Miss  Irma  H.  Teichmann,  daughter 
of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Otto  L.  Teichmann,  to  Theodore  F.  Meyer, 
Jr.,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Theodore  F.  Meyer,  of  St.  Louis, 
was  announced  recently  at  a  luncheon  given  by  Miss  Alice 
Judge. 

— F.  W.  KiSKER,  who  for  many  years  was  the  chairman  of 
the  Formulary  Committee  of  the  O.V.D.A.  at  Cincinnati,  has 
been  appointed  resident  vice-president  of  the  Royal  Life  Insur- 
ance  Company   for  the   Southern   District   of  Ohio. 

— John  C.  C.vley.  a  druggist,  of  Columbia,  Pa.,  has  been 
re-elected  for  the  fifth  time  to  the  local  school  board.  This  is 
a  tribute  to  his  personal  popularity  as  he  is  the  lone  Democrat 
on  the  board. 

— Spencer  Merrell.  cadet  at  West  Point,  returned  to  his 
home  in  St.  Louis  for  the  Christmas  holidays,  to  visit  his 
parents,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  George  R.  Merrell,  of  6209  W'ashing- 
ton  avenue. 

— WnxiAM  E.  Jennings,  a  member  of  the  New  Bedford, 
Mass.,  School  Board  for  several  years,  has  successfully  passed 
the   State   Board   examinations  as  a   registered  pharmacist. 

— James  I.  Johnson,  of  Raleigh,  N.  C,  has  sold  his  retail 
drug  business  to  enter  the  business  of  manufacturing  proprie- 
tary remedies,  and  will  head  the  Johnson   Chemical  Co. 

— F.  A.  FowLE.  for  31  years  a  druggist  in  Lynn,  Mass., 
opened  a  new  store  recently,  and  50  or  more  of  his  friends 
united  in  presenting  him  with  a  mahogany  clock. 

— Kelly  Edwin  Bennett,  a  druggist,  of  Bryson  City, 
N.  C.  was  married  on  Dec.  30  to  Miss  Ola  Tela  Zachary,  the 
daughter  of  Dr.  W.   P.   Zachary,  of  Sylva,   N.   C. 

— John  P.  James,  who  has  been  in  charge  of  the  prescrip- 
tion department  of  the  Charles  H.  Scarborough  drug  store, 
Wilmington,  Del.,  has  been  made  manager. 

— Lotns  C.  WiESE  has  been  elected  a  member  of  the  In- 
dianapolis board  of  school  commissioners.  He  has  been  a 
retail  druggist   in  that  city  nine  years. 

— Charles  L.  Reichie,  pharmacist  at  the  City  Dispensary, 
Kansas  City,  Mo.,  has  resigned  his  position  to  enter  business 
for  himself. 

— Guy  H.  Webber,  proprietor  of  the  Dearborn  (Mich.) 
pharmacy,  has  been  married  to  Miss  Helen  Whiting,  of  Bir- 
mingham. 

— W'lLLiAM  MiNDLiN  is  the  proprietor  of  a  new  store  at 
172d  street  and  St.  Nicholas  avenue.    He  is  a  N.P.S.  member. 

— Leo  Reich,  a  former  member  of  the  National  Pharma- 
ceutical Society,  has  opened  a  store  in  the  Bronx. 


20 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


Obituaries 


Elmer  W.  BiUingps. 
Elmer  \V.  Billings,  senior  member  of  the  firm  of  Billings  & 
Stover,  druggists,  who  was  know-n  to  ahnost  every  Har\ard 
student  for  the  past  50  years,  died  suddenly  of  heart  disease 
at  his  store  Nov.  25.  He  had  arrived  at  the  store  early  in  the 
morning  and  casually  mentioned  the  fact  that  he  was  not 
feeling  well.  An  hour  later  his  dead  body  was  found  at  the 
foot  of  the  stairs  in  the  basement,  where  he  had  swooned. 
Mr.  Billings  was  bom  in  Soniersworth,  N.  H.,  4S  years  ago, 
and  as  a  boy  of  IS  went  to  Boston.  He  secured  employment 
in  the  drug  store  of  John  Hubbard  in  Cambridge.  In  1S95, 
with  Charles  A.  Stover,  he  bought  out  his  employer,  and  since 
then  had  carried  on  the  business  under  the  name  of  Billings 
&  Stover.  Mr.  Billings  was  a  member  of  the  Massachusetts 
State  Pharmaceutical  Association  and  the  Boston  .\ssociation 
of  Retail  Druggists.  At  one  time  he  held  membership  in  the 
Ancient  and  Honorable  Artillerj-  Company  of  Boston.  He  was 
especially  active  in  the  St.  A'incent  de  Paul  Society  and  the 
Ho'y  Xame  Society.  He  leaves  two  brothers  and  a  sister. 
Four  years  ago  his  wife  died  suddenly,  and  her  death  was 
preceded  by  just  about  a  year  by  the  death  of  their  only 
daughter,  and  these  events  had  borne  on  him  very  heavily, 
but  he  had  continued  steadily  at  business  and  had  thrown 
himself  with  greater  energ>'  into  the  activities  of  his  church. 
He  was  held  in  universal  esteem. 


George  A.  Hearn. 
.\  great  many  druggists,  particularly  in  Xew  York  State, 
were  grieved  early  last  month  to  leam  of  the  death  of  George 
A.  Hearn,  of  the  New  York  dr\-  goods  firm  of  James  A.  Hearn 
&:  Son.  This  merchant  was  noted  as  an  art  collector  and  a 
philanthropist,  but  his  charities  were  unostentatious.  While 
men  prominent  in  commerce,  finance,  literature  and  art  were 
to  be  observed  at  the  funeral  services  at  St.  James  Episcopal 
Church,  Madison  avenue  and  71st  street.  Dec.  5,  to  do  honor 
lo  the  dead  merchant,  notable  among  the  gathering  were  many 
men  who  began  business  life  as  cash  boys  at  the  Hearn  store, 
and  many  others — both  men  and  women — ^who  had  benefitted 
through  the  helpfulness  of  Mr.  Hearn  during  his  life.  Mr. 
Hearn  was  a  successful  merchant  of  the  school  which  builds 
upon  merit  and  service,  a  consistent,  progressive  business  man 
along  conservative  lines.  The  Hearn  store  for  years  has  had 
for  its  business  slogan,  "Xo  drugs,  groceries  or  liquors,  but 
ever>-thing  in  drj-  goods,"  and  the  Hearn  store  is  one  of  the 
few  big  stores  in  this  city  which  has  never  run  a  cut-rate  drug 
department,  Mr.  Heam  himself  was  always  a  consistent  friend 
of  the  drug  trade. 


Iiouis  Woltersdorf. 
Louis  Woltersdorf,  a  pioneer  retail  druggist  of  Chicago,  died 
Dec.  12  at  his  home.  717  South  Ashland  boulevard,  that  citj'. 
He  was  bom  in  Wamow,  Germany,  72  years  ago.  went  to 
Chicago  in  1860,  and  several  years  later  established  a  drug 
store  at  Blue  Island  avenue  and  West  Taylor  street,  which  he 
conducted  until  1899.  when  he  retired  from  active  business. 
Air.  Woltersdorf  was  a  former  president  of  the  Chicago  Vet- 
eran Druggists'  .Association,  and  a  member  of  the  Germania 
Maennerchor.  He  leaves  a  widow  and  three  children — -\rthiu- 
Woltersdorf  and  Mrs.  F.  W.  Blocki,  of  Chicago,  and  Mrs. 
Paul  Haeger,  of  Berlin,  Germany.  The  funeral  was  held  on 
Sunday  afternoon,  Dec.  14,  snd  the  burial  was  at  Forest  Home 
Cemetery",  The  impressive  farewell  service  of  the  C,D,V.A. 
was  conducted  at  the  erave. 


Thomas  M.  Peck. 
Thomas  M.  Peck,  pioneer  drug  merchant  of  Grand  Rapids, 
Mich.,  and  for  more  than  ,^0  years  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture and  sale  of  surgical  instruments  and  supn'ies,  died  at 
his  home  Dec.  16.  He  was  79  years  of  age,  and  death  resulted 
from  shock  following  a  fracture  of  the  hip  received  in  a  fall. 
He  was  a  native  of  Newburgh.  N.  Y.,  and  conducted  his 
business  in  Grand  Rapids  under  the  name  of  Peck  Bros. 
After  retiring  from  business  he  became  interested  in  the  pur- 
chase of  timber  lands  in  Michigan  and  elsewhere.  He  was  the 
Honor  recently  of  $150,000  to  the  Moody  Institute  at  North- 
field,  Mass..  to  endow  a  hall  there. 


Denny  Carleton. 
Denny  Carleton.  of  ISO  South  Bcicon  street,  Hartford, 
V  onn.,  and  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  Williams  &  Carle- 
ton Drug  Co.,  died  Dec.  S  at  his  home  after  a  long  illness. 
He  was  born  in  Chester.  \'t..  in  lS-16.  He  became  bookkeeper 
for  the  old  firm  of  George  W.  Williams  &  Co.,  in  Hartford, 
about  1S70.  and  in  1S70  was  taken  into  the  firm,  when  the 
name  was  changed  to  Williams  &  Carleton.  In  1890  the  firm 
was  incorporated,  becoming  the  Williams  &  Carleton  Com- 
pany. Until  three  years  ago  he  continued  his  active  connection 
with  the  firm,  but  ill-health  compelled  his  retirement  from  the 
business.     He  was  67  years  of  age. 


George  B.  WMtelaw. 
George  B.  Whitelaw,  who  organized  before  the  Civil  War  a 
firm  which  handled  heavy  drugs  and  paints,  and  which  after 
several  changes  became  the  firm  of  Whitelaw  Bros.,  St.  Louis, 
died  Dec.  5,  at  the  Westmoreland  Hotel,  aged  84.  He  had 
lived  in  St.  Louis  since  he  was  eight  years  old.  He  spent 
three  years  in  the  California  gold  fields,  1850-35.  He  was  the 
father  of  the  wife  of  former  Judge  Daniel  G.  Taylor,  Charles 
W.  Whitelaw,  president  of  the  Polar  Wave  Ice  Co.,  and  George 
G.  Whitelaw,  vice-president  of  the  Scudder-Gale  Grocery  Co, 
At  one  time  he  was  in  the  white  lead  business. 


Baltimore's  First  Cut-Rate  Druggist. 
Henrj'  H.  Klingel,  who  held  the  reputation  of  being  among 
the  first,  if  not  the  first,  "cut-rate"  druggists  in  Baltimore, 
died  suddenly  Xov.  30  in  his  store  at  105  West  Lexington 
street,  of  heart  trouble.  He  had  been  ill  for  several  days,  but 
his  condition  was  not  regarded  as  serious,  and  he  had  put  in  the 
morning  working  in  the  store  when  the  fatal  attack  occurred. 
Mr.  Klingel  came  to  Baltimore  in  1892  from  Illinois,  and  had 
been  in  business  here  ever  since.  He  was  54  years  old  and  is 
sunived  by  his  wife  and  one  son. 


Dr.  E.  W.  Gardner. 
Dr.  Edward  Winslow  Gardner.  37,  son  of  the  late  Robert 
W.  Gardner,  of  X'ew  York,  pharmaceutical  chemist,  died  re- 
cently at  Twilight  Park,  X'.  Y.,  after  an  illness  of  two  years' 
duration.  He  was  bom  in  Jersey  City,  but  spent  most  of  his 
life  in  Plainfield  and  Bloomfield.  .\fter  the  death  of  his 
father,  in  1911,  Dr.  Wins'ow  took  charge  of  the  chemical  plant 
in  Orange,  where  his  father,  who  was  the  originator  of  Gard- 
ner's s>Tup  of  hydriodic  acid,  and  of  other  preparations,  car- 
ried on  the  business  of  pharmaceutical  chemist.  Dr.  Gardner 
leaves  a  widow  and  his  mother. 


RECENT   DEATHS. 


— Bert  S.  Shay,  34,  a  druggist  and  one  of  the  most  highly 
esteemed  men  of  East  Liverpool,  Ohio,  died  Dec.  15.  Death 
was  due  to  Bright's  disease.  Several  years  ago  Mr.  Shay, 
accompanied  by  Charles  L^sler,  now  of  Los  .\nge!es,  Cal.,  rode 
a  bicycle  from  this  cit}'  to  Lincoln.  X'eb..  to  shake  hands  with 
the  present  Secretary'  of  State,  William  Jennings  Bryan.  Mr. 
Shay  was  affiliated  with  Riddle  Lodge,  No.  315,  F.  &  A.  M. ; 
East  Liverpool  Chapter,  No.  100,  R..\.M..  and  Keramos  coun- 
cil. He  was  a  32°  Mason  and  a  member  of  the  A\  Koran 
Shrine  of  Cleveland,  He  was  prominently  identified  in  church 
circles  and  for  15  years  had  been  a  member  of  the  First 
Presbyterian   Church   of   this  city. 

— W.  B.  .\rxold,  the  pioneer  druggist  of  14th  avenue.  Rock- 
ford.  III.,  is  dead  at  the  ?ge  of  73.  He  was  a  native  of  Senate, 
N.  Y..  was  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  War,  and  was  the  inventor 
of  a  preservative  and  disinfectant  named  Z>Tnotoid.  He  was 
a  graduate  of  the  Eclectic  Medical  Institute  of  Cincinnati  in 
1879,  and  practiced  medicine  for  some  time  before  entering  the 
drug  business. 

— Hexrt  T.  CHAirPN'EY,  founder  and  for  many  years  presi- 
dent of  the  Bovinine  Co.,  manufacturers  of  a  prepared  food 
product  at  75  Houston  street,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  88.  He 
was  a  native  of  New  Hampshire  rrd  came  to  New  York  City 
about  30  years  ago,  after  being  in  business  in  Boston  and 
Chicago. 

— Wn.i.i.\M  Jones  M.M!SH,  for  22  years  a  business  man  of 
Coming,  X.  Y.,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  60.  He  began  business 
life  in  the  drug  store  of  his  uncle.  S.  J.  Jones,  at  Rushville, 
Yates  count>',  and  then  opened  a  drug  store  at  Trumansburg 
in  partnership  with  his  cousin,  Wilson  J.  Jones,  in  1881.  In 
1891  he  established  his  business  in  Coming. 


January,  1914] 


THE  phar:\liceutical  era 


21 


— After  failing  to  kill  himself  by  severing  a  vein  with  a 
razor  blade,  Charles  Ryder,  a  druggist  of  Emporia,  Kan.,  com- 
mitted suicide  by  drowning  in  the  Neosho  river.  He  had 
been  worried  greatly  over  financial  affairs,  but  it  is  stated  that 
these  worries  were  largely  imaginative. 

— JI.\i-RiCE  O'CoNXELi.,  a  resident  of  East  St.  Louis,  is 
dead  at  Santa  Fe,  X.  ilex.,  where  he  had  gone  for  his  health. 
He  sold  his  drug  business  in  East  St.  Louis  a  year  ago,  when 
his  disease,  tuberculosis,  gained  such  headway  that  he  was 
forced  to  seek  a  milder  climate. 

— Mrs.  Eli2.\beth  Sinia,  widow  of  Valentine  H.  Smith,  a 
pioneer  wholesale  druggist  of  Philadelphia,  and  founder  of  the 
present  house  of  A'alentine  H.  Smith  &  Co.,  of  that  city,  died 
Dec.  1.  after  a  brief  illness.    She  was  79  years  of  age. 

— WnjLiAM  J.\>tES  KntBT,  for  2S  years  proprietor  of  a  drug 
store  at  Steurbridge,  Mass.,  died  Nov.  20  from  hardening  of 
the  arteries.  He  was  56  years  old,  and  leaves  a  widow  and 
five  daughters. 

— Ch.\w.es  H.  Roberts,  53,  for  17  years  a  traveler  for 
Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  and  later  manager  of  a  drug  store  at 
Philippi,  W.  ^"a.,  died  suddenly  Dec.  17,  while  at  the  dining 
table. 

— Morris  M.  Curley,  a  druggist  of  Newport,  R.  I.,  is  dead 
after  a  three-years'  illness.  He  was  56  years  old,  a  native  of 
Newport,  and  had  been  in  business  there  many  years. 

— \V.  A.  Jester,  a  druggist  of  Delaware  City,  Del.,  was 
killed  recently  when  the  automobile  in  which  he  was  a  passen- 
ger was  struck  by  a  train. 

— Dr.  Johx  KEiiPER,  a  well-known  druggist  of  Galesburg, 
111.,  a  graduate  physician,  and  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  War,  is 
dead  at  the  age  of  SO. 

— Charles  Moore,  a  druggist  of  Driggs  avenue,  is  dead  at 
the  age  of  42.  He  had  been  in  business  in  Brooklyn  for 
several  years. 

— R.WiioxD  Shatjb,  36,  a  Quarry\-ille,  Pa.,  druggist,  is  dead 
of  pellagra,  the  second  recorded  death  in  Pennsylvania  from 
that  disease. 

— Fred  Oswald,  formerly  in  the  drug  business  at  Wheeler 
and  A\'amer  streets,  Cincinnati,  is  dead  from  a  complication  of 
diseases. 

— Edw.ard  E.  F.\rrixgtox,  dd,  a  traveling  salesman  for  the 
\^'ard  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  Indianapolis,  is  dead  from  pneumonia. 

— H-\RRY  Jexks.  of  Findlay,  Ohio,  who  went  to  Texas  for 
his  health  about  a  year  ago,   is  dead  at  Electra,  that  State. 

— JOHX  A.  Z.\BRISK1E,  proprietor  of  the  Elk  drug  store. 
Fountain   square,    Elgin,   111.,   is  dead  from   hemorrhage. 

— WiLLL^M  J.  Cell,  justice  of  the  peace,  and  ex-druggist 
of  Beacon,  Mich.,   is  dead  at  the  age  of  59  years. 

— CLrs'TON  K.  Keller,  the  oldest  druggist  in  Harrisburg, 
Pa.,  died  recently  from  apoplexy'  at  the  age  of  SI. 

— .\rchie  I.  L.VFFERTT,  46,  a  Philade'phia  druggist,  died  at 
Sharon.   Pa.,   recently  at  the  home  of  his  sister. 

— S-Aii  Sloggy,  postmaster,  druggist  and  pioneer  citizen  of 
Ontario,  Wis.,   is  dead  at  the  age  of  S3. 

— W.VLTER  H.\RDE>:,  connected  with  a  New  Orleans  whole- 
sale drug  house,  is  dead. 


Jottings  from  Great  Britain. 

Latin  Dropped  as  Compulsory  Subject  by  Council  of  the  Phar- 
maceutical Society — Prof.  H.  E.  Greenish  on  "Drug  Mar- 
kets in  Great  Britain  and  Abroad. 
IT  has  been   decided  by  the   Council  of  the  Pharmaceutical 
Society  of  Great  Britain  to  drop  Latin  out  of  the  syllabus 
of  compulsory  subjects  for  the  preliminary'  examination  in 
pharmacy.     This  decision   is  of  some   considerable   importance 
to   the   pharmaceutical   profession,    and   although   it   will   prob- 
ably be  regretted  by  many  pharmacists  of  the  old  school,  it  is 
a  step  the  Council  was  bound  to  take,  sooner  or  later. 

Latin  is  not  taught  in  all  primary'  and  secondary  schools, 
and  the  result  is  that  o.uite  ?  number  of  boys  who  are  well 
suited  to  begin  to  learn  something  of  the  art  and  myster\'  of 
pharmacy  are  deterred  because  they  cannot  pass  the  entrance 
examination.  The  result  of  the  change  will  probably  be  that 
in  course  of  time  the  supply  of  chemists'  assistants  will  be 
sufScient  to  meet  the  demand,  which  can  hardly  be  said  to  be  the 
case  at  present.  The  Council  strongly  recommends  candidates 
to  take  Latin  as  an  optional  subject,  for  the  simple  reason 
that  when  the  time  comes  to  enter  for  the  qualifying  examina- 
tion  the   candidate   who    knows   nothing   of   the   rtidiments    of 


Latin  will  find  it  difficult  to  pass  the  examiner  in  prescription 
reading. 

Lectures  on  the  Drug  Markets. 

At  an  evening  meeting  of  the  Pharmaceutical  Society,  Pro- 
fessor H.  E.  Greenish,  dean  of  the  School  of  Pharmacy,  ex- 
hibited and  described  a  large  series  of  lantern  slides,  illus- 
trating the  drug  markets  at  home  and  abroad.  He  mentioned 
that  London  was  by  far  the  most  important  drug  market  of 
Europe,  but  that  Hamburg  was  gradually  increasing  in  im- 
portance, much  of  the  trade  which  had  been  done  through 
London  now  being  done  through  Hamburg. 

Referring  to  the  adulteration  of  drugs  by  native  collectors, 
the  speaker  said  that  after  the  drugs  had  been  sold  at  public 
auction  they  were  removed  from  tlie  warehouses  by  the  pur- 
chasers, but  before  they  reached  the  hands  of  the  pharmacists 
they  had  to  be  subjected  to  a  careful  process  of  hand-picking 
to  separate  e-xtraneous  material  which  might  have  been  the 
result  of  careless  collection   or   intentional   admixture. 

Thus,  ever}'  piece  of  myrrh  is  examined,  and,  if  necessary, 
broken  to  determine  whether  or  not  it  is  genuine  before  it  is 
passed  on  to  the  retailer.  The  necessity  for  the  picking  over 
is  obvious,  from  the  fact  that  buchu  leaves  often  contain  25  per 
cent,  of  stalks  which  have  to  be  separated.  Serma  leaves  and 
senna  pods  are  carefully  picked  over,  and  the  former  are 
usually  sifted  to  remove  sand  and  seeds,  with  which  they  are 
often  contaminated.  Opium  occasionally  contains  lead  and 
other  material. 

The  pharmacist,  Prof.  Greenish  pointed  out,  has  much  to 
thank  the  wholesale  druggist  for  in  standing  between  him  and 
the  often  wily  natives  who  collect  the  drugs  and  skilfully 
sophisticate  them. 

The  most  interesting  feature  of  the  lantern  slides  was  that 
they  showed  the  various  manners  in  which  the  different  drugs 
are  packed  by  the  exporters.  For  instance,  they  showed  that 
aloes  e-xported  from  the  Dutch  West  Indian  Islands  usually 
arrives  in  wooden  cases  in  which  bottled  spirits  had  been  sent 
out,  while  Zanzibar  aloes  is  exported  in  goat  skins.  Cloves 
are  usually  sent  from  Zanzibar  in  mats  made  from  interlaced 
strips  of  cocoanut  leaves,  and  so  on.  This  is  just  the  kind 
of  lecture  to  interest  students  who  are  satiated  with  scientific 
discourses. 


NATIONAL   HOME   NOTES. 


.\lthough  by  the  calendar  it  is  Winter,  one  would  hardly 
know  it  here.  No  snow  yet,  weather  like  October,  with  bright 
sunshine.  Yesterday  the  Moving  Pictm-e  Association  sent  their 
men  here  and  took  nearly  2000  feet  of  moving-picture  films, 
showing  the  Home,  grounds  and  lake.  Both  sail  and  row- 
boats  were  on  the  lake  and  made  a  very  pretty  series  of  pic- 
tures. .-^  number  of  plates  were  also  taken  and  when  finished 
will  be  taken  to  different  cities  for  e.xhibition  under  the  super- 
vision of  Superintendent  Heimstreet  and  M.  J.  Gosa.  The 
usual  number  of  visitors  have  been  at  the  Home  last  month, 
in  fact  enjoyed  the  Fall  scenery  as  much  as  last  Summer. 

Letters  are  being  sent  out  for  the  dollar  donation,  and  the 
trustees  hope  to  meet  with  a  generous  response  from  the  drug- 
gists and  drug  clerks  of  the  United  States. 

New  York  is  the  first  to  make  a  concerted  effort  to  furnish 
funds  for  the  Home.  They  commenced  a  campaign  in  Janu- 
ary and  ever>'  town  and  city  in  the  State  will  be  canvassed,  in 
addition  to  this  the  New  York  City  and  Brookl™  druggists 
give  a  fair  for  the  benefit  of  the  Home.  This  will  be  under 
the  superi'ision  of  the  committees,  and  promises  to  be  a  grand 
affair.  Mr.  Thomas  Lamb,  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  one  of  the 
best  workers  in  the  country,  has  been  appointed  chairman  of 
the  Fair  committee,  and  will  push  m.atters  at  once.  The  mov- 
ing pictures  of  the  Home  will  be  displayed  each  day.  It  is 
also  proposed  to  ship  three  carloads  of  the  mineral  spring 
water  to  the  fair  from  the  Home,  as  it  will  be  put  on  the 
m?rket,  and  this  will  be  a  good  chance  to  introduce  it. 

There  will  be  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  in  Janu- 
ary, when  committees  will  be  appointed  and  general  business 
transacted. 

A  svstematic  canvass  will  be  commenced  in  January  of  every 
druggist  and  drug  clerk  in  the  United  States. 

The  wholesale  drug  trade  fnd  manufacturers  are  responding 
with  generous  donations.  If  druggists  will  only  send  their 
donations  now  it  will  save  the  expense  of  writing,  and  if  every- 
one will  send  in  what  they  can,  the  Home  will  be  paid  for 
and  a  fund  to  take  care  of  it. 


22 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


News  from  Associations 


What  the  N.  \V.  D.  A.  Did. 


INDIANAPOLIS  will  be  the  next  meeting-place  of  the 
National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Association,  in  October, 
1914,  despite  the  invitations  from  New  York  City,  St. 
Louis,  Galveston,  Denver,  Atlantic  City,  Toledo  and  Niagara 
Falls,  while  the  1915  convention  will  be  held  at  Del  Monte, 
Cal.,  in  the  latter  part  of  September. 

The  Jacksonville  convention,  of  which  brief  mention  was 
made  in  the  December  Era,  was  one  of  the  most  successful  in 
the  history  of  the  organization,  for  while  the  attendance  was 
not  as  large  as  at  some  previous  meetings  the  reports  presented 
and  the  business  transacted  were  of  great  importance.  The 
convention  again  placed  itself  on  record  in  favor  of  the  regu- 
lation of  the  sale  of  narcotics  through  National  legislation, 
indorsing  the  Harrison  bill  as  passed  by  the  House  in  June, 
1913. 

The  association  also  went  on  record  in  favor  of  the  move- 
ment for  securing  legislation  to  fix  prices  on  trade-marked  and 
branded  goods,  both  wholesale  and  retail,  by  the  adoption  of 
the  following  resolutions: 

Resolved,  That  the  National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Asso- 
ciation is  unanimously  in  favor  of  legislation  which  will 
secure  the  legal  right  for  manufacturers  of  trade-marked 
and  branded  articles  to  establish  and  enforce  both  whole- 
sale and  retail  prices  for  their  goods.  We,  therefore,  in- 
dorse the  American  Fair  Trade  League,  and  believe  it 
should  receive  our  hearty  support. 

Resolved,  That  the  National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Asso- 
ciation  earnestly   request   the   United    States    Congress   to 
make  an  appropriation  of  at  least  $100,000  for  the  use  of 
the    Department   of    Commerce    in    conducting   an    inquiry 
during    the    coming   year,    into   the    question    of    legalizing 
reasonable  trade  agreements.     We  believe  that   this  inves- 
tigation will  establish  the  fact  that  the  legalizing  of  rea- 
sonable trade  agreements  is  a  movement  toward  relief  from 
monopoly,   and  this  important  question  should   be  decided 
only  after  a  thorough  inquiry  by  the  Department  of  Com- 
merce. 
Among    the    other    items    of    business    transacted,    some    by 
resolution  following  recommendation  by  the  various  committees 
and    then    further   recommendation    by    the    Board    of    Control, 
and  others  simply  by  recommendation  of  committees,  were  the 
following : 

A  vacation  period  for  commercial  travelers — to  be  adopted 
by  local  associations — from  Saturday,  June  27,  to  Monday, 
July  6,  1914;  and  that  general  representative  F.  E.  HoUiday 
bring  the_  matter  to  the  attention  of  the  local  associations  at 
their  mid-Winter  meetings. 

That  uniform  terms  and  discounts,  applicable  alike  to  drugs 
and  sundries,  should  become  the  custom. 

An  exchange  of  credit  information  "along  fair  and  proper 
lines." 

That  credit  men  of  competitive  houses  visit  each  other  more 
frequentl}',  cultivating  closer  relations  and  maintaining  atti- 
tudes conducive  to  mutual  confidence  and  frankness.  A  con- 
scientious exchange  of  legitimate  data  in  matters  relating  to 
credit  should  be  the  natural  outgrowth  of  this  plan. 

That  members  investigate  mutual  liability  insurance  and 
ascertain  the  possibilities  of  these  companies. 

That  members  be  requested  to  use  their  influence  where 
possible  to  decrease  the  loss  by  fire,  also  to  join  local  asso- 
ciations whose  purpose  is  to  prevent  loss  of  life  and  property. 
That  the  N.W.D.A.  join  the  National  Fire  Protection 
Association,  and  that  the  secretary  be  authorized  to  take  the 
necessary  steps. 

That  members  adopt  more  specific  measures  for  inspection 
of  their  property  and  places  of  business. 

That  members  endeavor  to  secure  proper  legislation  to  bring 
reciprocal   insurance  companies   under   State   supervision. 

That  it  is  the  opinion  of  the  N.W.D.A.  that  the  postal 
regulations  in  regard  to  the  mailing  of  medicines  should  allow 
the  dealers  to  mail  the  same  under  proper  regulations. 

That  we  urge  the  necessity  of  retaining  the  variation  clause 
in  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  as  it  is  clearly  in  the  interest 
of  the  wholesale  druggists,  manufacturing  chemists  and  manu- 
facturers of  pharmaceutical  drugs   that   the  clause  be  retained. 


That  all  members  who  have  not  already  done  so  be  urged  to 
join  at  once  the  National  One-Cent  Letter  Postage  Association. 

That  the  N.W.D.A.  indorse  the  Harrison  bill,  passed  by 
the  House  of  Representatives,  June  26,  1913,  and  referred  to 
the  finance  committee  of  the  United  States  Senate,  and  "we 
will  cheerfully  accept  the  provisions  of  this  act." 

The  formation  of  local  associations  where  such  do  not  exist; 
the  holding'  of  regular  meetings  to  safeguard  the  interests  of 
members. 

Pledging  the  assistance  of  the  N.W.D.A.  and  its  "hearty 
co-operation  to  every  phase  of  work  for  the  elimination  of 
adulteration." 

That  the  N.W.D.A.  again  call  the  attention  of  proprietors 
who  have  not  yet  granted  the  request  for  at  least  15  per  cent, 
discount,  and  urgently  request  that  they  consider  the  matter 
favorably  at  an  early  date. 

That  the  N.W.D.A.  favor  the  repeal  of  the  exemption 
clause  in  regard  to  our  coastwise  shipping  from  Panama  Canal 
tolls. 

The  appointment  of  a  committee  of  five  to  investigate  and 
report  upon  the  railroad  situation. 

The  appointment  of  a  committee  of  three  to  draw  up  iresolu- 
tions  to  the  memory  of  the  late  Thomas  P.  Cook. 

That  the  N.W.D.A.  become  a  member  of  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce  of  the  United  States. 

The  report  of  Secretary  J.  E.  Toms  showed  an  active  mem- 
bership of  260,  and  an  associate  membership  of  326.  The 
receipts,  including  balance  from  previous  year,  totaled  $29,- 
356.38,  while  the  disbursements  were  $21,828.31,  leaving  a 
balance  on  hand  of  $7,528.07. 

Four  active  and  26  associate  members  were  elected  on  recom- 
mendation of  the  membership  committee,  Robert  H.  Bradley, 
chairman. 

The  roster  of  officers  elected,  and  members  of  the  Board  of 
Control,  appeared  in  our  report  in  the  December  Era. 


Association  of  N.W.D.A.  Ex-Presidents. 
During  the  recent  convention  of  the  N.W.D.A.  at  Jack- 
sonville the  ex-presidents  of  that  body  were  entertained  at 
the  Seminole  Club  by  President  Albert  Plaut,  of  New  York, 
and  at  the  conclusion  of  the  dinner  Ex-President  Thomas  F. 
Main  suggested  that  a  permanent  organization  of  the  ex- 
presidents  be  formed,  a  suggestion  that  Mr.  Plaut  had  already 
entertained,  and  the  plan  was  heartily  indorsed. 


New  York  Pharmaceutical  Conferance. 


IN  order  to  determine  the  consensus  of  opinion  on  the 
mercuric  bichloride  tablet,  the  Sunday  closing,  the  certifi- 
cation of  pharmacies,  giving  away  of  souvenirs,  propaganda 
and  other  questions  of  more  or  less  pertinency  at  just  this 
moment,  Jacob  H.  Rehfuss,  president  of  the  New  York  State 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  called  a  general  conference  early 
last  month  at  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy.  In  at- 
tendance were  members  of  the  State  organization's  legislative 
committee,  delegates  representing  up-State  and  local  associa- 
tions and  other  interested  pharmacists,  possibly  50  in  all. 
Among  these  were  Thomas  Stoddart,  L.  J.  Schlesinger,  J.  G. 
Wischerth,  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein,  Thomas  Lamb,  Hugh  Craig, 
W.  R.  Guest,  C.  N.  Lehman,  A.  S.  Wardle,  Peter  Diamond, 
Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  S.  V.  B.  Swann,  Jacob  Diner,  A.  C. 
Purdy,  Fred  S.  Rogers,  Hugo  Kantrowitz,  John  Roemer,  M. 
R.  Mandelbaum,  John  Wall,  T.  J.  France,  Dr.  Charles  F. 
Klippert  and  Felix  Hirseman. 

No  action  was  taken  on  the  subject  of  mercuric  bichloride 
tablets,  it  being  deemed  advisable  that  the  legislative  committee 
wait  for  the  enactment  of  National  legislation  and  follow  that 
lead.  Incidentally,  it  was  decided  that  uniform  and  proper 
labeling  should  be  required  for  wood  alcohol,  but  that  the 
legislative  committee  should  in  this  case  follow  the  lead  of  the 
New  York  City  Board  of  Aldermen.  Relative  to  bichloride 
tablets,  John  Roemer,  of  White  Plains,  argued  that  if  the  phar- 
macists of  the  State  should  advocate  a  measure  before  the 
Legislature  on  this  subject  they  would  practically  be  admitting 
that  they  were  responsible  for  the  deaths  caused  by  this  poison. 
Not  the  druggists,  but  the  newspapers  were  responsible. 
Should  the  sale  of  rope  be  restricted  because  men  will  hang 
themselves?  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson  and  Fred  S.  Rogers,  of 
Middletown,  were  in  accord,  both  recommending  that  the  con- 
ference should  not  propose  any  aggressive  legislation  and  that 
its  representatives  should  not  appear  in  Albany  any  more  than 


Januakt,  1914] 


THE    PHARJIACEUTICAL   ERA 


23 


is  necessary.  The  latter  are  "undesirable"  and  are  not  wanted 
there.     Xo  action  was  taken. 

The  greater  part  of  the  session  was  devoted  to  a  discussion 
of  the  Sunday  closing  movement  which  has  gained  considerable 
impetus  as  a  result  of  the  recently  enacted  one-day-in-seven 
labor  law.  A  number  of  incomplete,  but  none  the  less  interest- 
ing, postal-card  canvasses  of  the  trade  were  reported  by  rep- 
resentatives of  various  local  organizations.  The  Westchester 
County  Pharmaceutical  Association  stood  17  in  favor  of  Sun- 
day closing  to  13  opposed  and  three  "on  the  fence."  According 
to  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein,  20  members  of  the  New  York  Retail 
Druggists'  Association,  at  the  time  of  this  meeting,  favored 
closing  all  day  Sunday.  Twelve  were  opposed  to  Sunday 
closing.  One  hundred  and  eight  favored  partial  closing  on 
Sunday. 

S.  V.  B.  Swann  stated  that  the  German  Apothecaries'  So- 
ciety had  been  late  in  getting  out  its  cards,  355  of  which  were 
mailed.  Out  of  160  replies  received  at  date  of  meeting,  30 
opposed  Sunday  closing  and  130  favored  partial  closing.  The 
37  members  of  the  Erie  County  Retail  Druggists'  Association, 
according  to  Thomas  Stoddart,  considered  that  Sunday  closing 
was  a  matter  devolving  solely  upon  themselves.  Sunday  clos- 
ing is  at  the  present  time  optional  with  the  druggist:  he  may 
close  all  day  if  he  wishes  to.  Three  of  the  members  closed 
because  they  gained  nothing  by  staying  open.  He  himself 
could  not  close  on  Sunday  as,  besides  the  sale  of  medicines,  he 
handled  a  large  line  of  surgical  instruments.  He  found  it 
necessary  to  keep  a  man  in  the  store  all  night.  President 
Rehfuss  reported  that  the  members  of  the  Albany  Drug  Club 
had  unanimously  opposed  Sunday  closing.  Mr.  Rehfuss  ex- 
plained the  four  propositions  presented  to  members  of  the 
Kings  County  Pharmaceutical  Society  for  their  vote.  To  450 
cards  mailed  later  than  usual,  159  replies  had  been  received  at 
time  of  this  meeting.  Twenty  favored  remaining  open  all  day, 
21  would  close  all  day,  54  would  close  after  1  p.m.,  43  between 
1  and  6  p.m.  would  close  up  shop  and  21  named  different 
hours  of  closing. 

Mr.  Rehfuss  was  firm  in  the  opinion  that  sooner  or  later 
pharmacists  must  accord  proper  attention  to  the  trend  of 
opinion  relative  to  Sunday  closing.  "If  you  don't — sooner  or 
later,  the  labor  unions  will  make  you.  As  soon  as  the  clerks 
unionize  they  will  get  their  desired  hours.  If  the  public  can 
stand  having  the  drug  stores  closed  from  10:30  p.m.  to  7  a.m., 
it  can  stand  having  them  closed  from  1  to  6  p.m.  on  Sundays." 
Mr.  Rehfuss  concluded  by  noting  that  many  druggists  were 
getting  around  the  clerk  problem  and  saving  $25  a  week 
besides  by  sending  their  wives  to  colleges  of  pharmacy. 

Warren  Guest,  representing  the  National  Pharmaceutical 
Society,  asserted  that  the  membership  of  his  organization  would 
increase  five  times  immediately  if  it  became  a  labor  organi- 
zation. The  members  had  not  cared  to  be  thus  characterized. 
This  statement  relative  to  the  clerks  refraining  from  labor 
affiliations  received  the  commendation  of  several  of  the  pro- 
prietors present.  Mr.  Guest  also  stated  that  the  clerks  were 
sat'sfied  with  their  24  hours  per  week  allowed  by  law.  Peter 
Diamond  wished  to  have  himself  placed  on  record  as  favoring 
Sunday  closing — not  as  a  Sabbath  observer,  for  he  himself 
might  choose  another  day — but  because  he  was  moved  by 
humanitarian  considerations.  In  behalf  of  the  poor  unfortu- 
nates who  toil  17  hours  a  day  he  would  work  for  partial 
Sunday  closing. 

In  part,  other  delegates  presented  their  opinions  as  follows: 

John  Roemer  expressed  the  opinion  that  in  Sunday  closing 
pharmacy  was  coming  down  to  where  it  proved  its  own  use- 
lessriess.  Sunday  closing  would  put  the  drug  store  on  a  par 
with  the  saloon.  "Don't  argue  Sunday  closing  from  the  com- 
mercial standpoint — on  the  side  of  profit.  It  is  cheaper  to 
close  on  Sunday.  If  you  could  enact  a  law  preventing  people 
from  getting  sick  on  Sunday,  if  you  could  prevent  by  legisla- 
tion physicians  visiting  their  patients  and  if  you  could  close 
all  the  hospitals  on  Sundays,  then  I  would  favor  Sunday  clos- 
ing. If  pharmacists  are  unnecessary  on  Sunday,  they  are  un- 
necessary on  any  day.  If  physicians  can  be  shown  that  pre- 
scriptions are  unnecessary  on  Sunday  they  will  soon  prove  that 
they  are  unnecessary  on  the  other  six.  Each  new  piece  of 
restrictive  legislation  will  only  draw  the  noose  tighter  to  show 
that  we  are  useless." 

C.  N.  Lehman  opposed  Sunday  closing.  Thomas  Lamb 
pointed  out  that  it  was  impossible  to  purchase  merchandise  in 
English  drug  stores  on  Sunday.  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein  probed 
the  effect  of  Sunday  closing  by  asking:  "When  drug  store 
night  calls  were  stopped  in  New  York  City,  did  the  death  rate 


increase?"  A.  S.  Wardle  considered  the  matter  one  which 
each  druggist  should  decide  for  himself.  He  was  opposed  to 
obligatory  Sunday  closing,  but  would  close  if  his  business 
warranted  such  action,  or  would  remain  open  if  his  prescrip- 
tion business  demanded  that  he  do  so.  A.  C.  Purdy  kept  his 
store  closed  on  Sunday,  but  opened  on  call. 

S.  V.  B.  Swann  asserted  that  the  State  association  was 
negligent  in  letting  the  labor  law  get  through.  "It  would  be 
better  to  amend  the  labor  law  than  for  the  State  association 
to  attempt  the  enactment  of  a  Sunday  closing  law." 

FelLx  Hirseman  asserted  that  partial  Sunday  closing  would 
help  hundreds  of  poor,  toiling  clruggists  in  New  York  City. 
The  subject,  however,  was  too  new,  it  should  be  probed — can- 
vassed— and  if  there  is  a  desire  for  Sunday  closing  then  all 
should  work  for  it. 

Thomas  Stoddart  stated  that  clerks  and  proprietors  in  his 
section  were  not  satisfied  with  the  labor  law.  Anent  the  un- 
opposed passage  of  this  measure,  Mr.  Stoddart  said :  "The 
legislative  committee  did  not  do  its  duty.  I  don't  care  who 
was  on  it."  Commenting  further  upon  the  immense  amount  of 
restrictive  pharmaceutical  legislation,  he  asserted  that  "No 
druggist  carries  on  business  nowadays  without  violating  the 
law.  Who  frames  the  laws?  I  think  they  are  framed  in 
Chicago  and  distributed  throughout  the  country.  We  should 
oppose  all  legislation,  no  matter  what  its  character  is.  We 
are  professional  men  and  above  the  labor  law." 

Dr.  Anderson  characterized  the  schedule  which  under  the  law 
must  be  posted  in  every  drug  store  the  most  obnoxious  feature 
of  the  law.  The  24-hour  feature  was  all  right.  The  entire 
question  was  left  open  by  common  consent  until  next  meeting, 
and  those  present  were  requested  to  "think  it  over." 

The  certification  of  pharmacies  was  the  next  subject  dis- 
cussed. Hugh  Craig  outlined  a  paper  on  the  subject  pre- 
sented by  J.  Leon  Lascoff  at  Nashville.  Mr.  Craig  did  not 
think  that  the  association  should  force  the  matter,  but  if  the 
medical  society  should  take  it  up  by  itself  some  poor  drug- 
gist will  some  day  find  himself  on  the  "black  list."  Local 
pharmacists  were  offered  equal  representation  on  a  grievance 
committee,  an  opportunity  which,  if  the  proposed  certification 
is  evolved,  should  not  be  thrown  away.  The  American  Medical 
Association  is  also  taking  the  matter  up.  This  organization 
has  rated  the  medical  colleges.  "It  behooves  us  to  keep  our 
eyes  open  in  this  matter,  but  we  should  not  rush  in  saying 
that  we  are  going  to  trust  to  the  Board  of  Regents  or  anything 
else."  He  advised  watching  the  medical  societies.  The  mem- 
bers should  work  with  them  if  possible  and  if  necessary.  The 
policy  of  "keeping  in  touch"  appealed  to  those  present  and  the 
subject  was  closed  with  its  tacit  adoption.  The  giving  away 
of  souvenirs  was  the  next  subject  discussed.  A.  S.  Wardle 
stated  that  a  Supreme  Court  decision  relative  to  trading  stamps 
rendered  several  years  ago  had,  at  the  instance  of  members  of 
the  association,  been  cited  a  year  or  so  ago  as  a  precedent  by 
an  Albany  judge  in  ruling  that  if  the  decision  held  for  trading 
stamps  it  also  held  for  souvenirs.  Thomas  Stoddart  observed 
that  one  firm  in  Buffalo  did  $25,000,000  business  a  year  by 
giving  aw-ay  something  for  nothing.  Dr.  Weinstein  asserted 
that  any  check  imposed  upon  the  souvenir  evil  was  a  check 
upon  the  chain  stores.  Dr.  Anderson  reported  that  the  Anti- 
Coupon  League  had  found  that  the  coupon  evil  could  only  be 
checked  by  the  imposition  of  a  revenue  tax  which  would  make 
them  prohibitive.  F.  S.  Rogers  had  heard  in  the  last  six  hours 
that  Vice-President  Whelan,  of  the  United  Cigar  Stores  Com- 
pany, had  said  that  he  would  not  think  of  installing  the  coupon 
plan  in  the  Riker-Hegeman  stores,  and  that  he  "wished  to 
God"  he  had  never  put  them  in  the  cigar  stores. 

It  was  further  developed  that  under  the  Pennsylvania  law 
retail  and  wholesale  liquor  dealers  could  not  give  away  sou- 
venirs. Some  of  those  present  thought  that  if  the  coupon  evil 
could  be  argued  from  the  standpoint  of  public  welfare  that  a. 
measure  benefitting  pharmacists  could  be  secured  against  it. 

John  Roemer,  of  the  State  association  propaganda  committee, 
presented  an  interesting  report  on  propaganda.  In  West- 
chester county  even  the  homeopathic  physicians  were  writing 
prescriptions  and  the  others  would  not  think  of  doing  otherwise. 
His  propaganda  plan  called  for  joint  "get-together"  meetings 
of  pharmacists  and  physicians  throughout  the  State.  At  these 
papers  should  be  read  and  an  exhibit  of  preparations  made. 
Albany  and  Elmira  druggists  had  already  assured  him  that 
such  meetings  would  be  held  and  Buffalo,  Syracuse  and  other 
druggists  were  considering  the  matter.  A  general  conference 
of  physicians  and  pharmacists  would  be  held  at  the  drug  show 
in  this  city  at  Madison  Square  Garden.    Mr.  Roemer  was  also 


24 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL .  ERA 


[January,  1914 


endeavoring  to  enlist  the  interest  of  all  the  hospitals  in  the 
State  and  the  association's  exhibit  would  be  sent  from  hospital 
to  hospital  in  greater  New  York.  All  the  committee's  plan 
requires  is  the  co-operation  of  every  member. 

President  Rehfuss  solicited  the  support  asked  by  Mr. 
Roemer.  He  characterized  the  committee's  plan  as  "beautiful." 
"The  exhibit  is  almost  ready  and  may  be  shipped  to  any  city 
asking  for  it  for  one  week."  Dr.  Anderson  stated  that  the 
association  would  have  -IS  feet  of  exhibiting  space  on  either 
side  cf  the  entrance  of  Madison  Square  Garden  on  the  occa- 
sion of  the  drug  show  in  January.  "We  should  impress  the 
public  with  what  the  retail  druggists  are  doing.  The  local 
associations  must  come  on  it,  especially  with  help." 

A  resolution  adopted  at  the  Grand  Central  Palace  confer- 
ence, to  the  effect  that  only  registered  pharmacists  have  any- 
thing to  do  with  the  preparing,  selling,  disposing  and  retailing 
of  medicaments  and  poisons,  was  characterized  as  a  fine  thing, 
but  something  which  could  not  be  enacted  into  law.  It  was 
referred  to  "last  year's  legislative  committee." 

"The  legislative  committee  was  instructed  to  "look  into"  the 
suit  between  the  New  York  County  iledical  Society  and  the 
Wood  Medical  Company.  The  society  holds  that  putting  out 
any  preparation  bearing  directions  is  prescribing  medicine  and 
a  violation  of  the  State  law.  A  delegate  present  stated  that 
the  medical  society  had  picked  out  an  article  that  everyone 
might  be  opposed  to  in  order  to  get  general  support.  F.  S. 
Rogers  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  suit  was  not  a  friendly 
action,  since  the  Woods  are  preparing  to  fight  the  case. 

Previous  to  adjourning,  Dr.  .\nderson  brought  up  the  sub- 
ject of  the  pharmacist's  responsibility  for  his  clerk's  mistakes. 
The  clerk  is  licensed  and  should  know  his  business.  The 
State  association  should  take  this  matter  up  and  see  that  the 
clerk  is  made  responsible.  Peter  Diamond  observed  that  tlie 
clerk  could  not  be  held  liable  in  a  civil  action  but  he  could  in 
a  criminal  action.  Thomas  Stoddart  agreed  with  Dr.  Ander- 
son. 


DK.    KLIPPEET   KE-ELECTED   HEAD    OF   G.A.S. 


Old  Slate.  With  One  Exception.  Unanimously  Elected 
at   the    62d   Annual    Meeting' — 349   Members. 

DR  CHARLES  F.  KLIPPERT  was  re-elected  president 
of  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society  for  the  ensuing  year 
at  the  recent  62d  annual  meeting  of  that  organization. 
Henry  Buch  was  elected  recording  secretary.  The  other  officers 
re-elected  are : 

First  vice-president,  Paul  F.  Gebicke;  2d  vice-president. 
Otto  P.  Gilbert;  corresponding  secretarv',  Carl  Baum;  treasurer, 
Robert  S.  Lehman ;  recorder,  George  Leinecker ;  librarian, 
George  C.  P.  Stolzenburg;  trustees,  C.  F.  Schleussner,  Felix 
Hirseman  and  George  Kleinau  and  custodian  of  special  fund, 
Paul  Gebicke. 

The  ticket  was  elected  unanimously,  the  secretary  casting 
one  ballot. 

President  Klippert  appointed  the  following  chairmen  of 
committees : 

Scientific,  Otto  Raubenheimer ;  legislation,  S.  V.  B.  Swann; 
entertainment.   Otto   P.   Gilbert;    press,   Hugo   Kantrowitz. 

Otto  Raubenheimer,  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Alpers,  Robert  S.  Lehman, 
George  T.  Riefflin,  Dr.  H.  V.  Amy  and  Hugo  Kantrowitz  were 
elected  delegates  to  represent  the  society  at  the  A.Ph.A.  con- 
vention at  Detroit,  Aug.  24. 

Treasurer  Robert  S.  Lehman  presented  his  annual  report 
showing  receipts  for  the  year  of  52,131.60;  disbursements, 
$2,101.77,  and  balance  on  hand  of  S29.83.  He  also  reported  a 
total  membership  of  349,  consisting  of  317  regular,  19  asso- 
ciate and  13  honorary  and  corresponding  members.  The  funds 
in  the  bank  amount  to  about  S2100. 

Paul  F.  Gebicke.  custodian  of  the  mortuary  fund,  submitted 
an  annual  report  showing  that  on  December  1,  1913,  there  were 
135  members  in  the  fund,  that  during  the  year  four  members 
had  died,  and  that  at  present  there  was  the  sum  of  $672.84  in 
the  fund,  $648.84  of  which  was  in  the  People's  Bank. 

First  vice-president  Gebicke  took  the  chair  while  President 
Klippert  presented  his  annual  report  which  reviewed  all  im- 
portant occurrences  during  the  past  year  and  included  some 
important  recommendations.  He  advocated  an  increase  in  the 
monthly  dues  and  a  rotation  in  office  at  least  every  two  years, 
the  latter  to  give  more  of  the  members  an  opportunity  to  hold 
office  than  under  the  present  system.  Dr.  Klippert  concluded 
by  thanking  the  pharmaceutical  press  for  the  publicity  given  the 
activities  of  the  society.     He  recommended  that  the  organiza- 


tion continue  to  send  each  member  a  copy  of  tlie  Apothcker 
Zeitung. 

S.  V.  B.  Swann,  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee, 
notified  the  members  of  the  newly-enacted  mercuric  bichloride 
ordinance.  He  also  touched  on  the  subject  of  pharmaceutical 
representation  upon  the  Board  of  Health,  reporting  an  interview 
he  had  had  wiUi  Dr.  Lederle,  Conmiissioner  of  Health.  The 
latter  told  Mr.  Swann  that  if  the  pharmaceutical  profession 
wanted  representation  upon  the  Board  of  Health  they  should 
endeavor  to  have  the  charter  of  the  City  of  New  York 
amended.  There  is  at  present  no  appropriation  for  the  re- 
muneration of  a  pharmacist  should  he  be  given  a  position  upon 
the  board,  and  the  Board  of  Apportionment  and  Estimate  would 
have  to  be  approached  upon  this  subject.  Dr.  Lederle  himself 
favored  tlie  desired  representation  and  would  appoint  a  phar- 
macist at  once  if  he  had  the  means  at  his  command  to  pay  him. 

Mr.  Swann  discussed  the  above  subject  with  the  presidents 
of  the  local  pharmaceutical  organizations,  all  of  whom  favored 
the  proposition.  These  officers  represent  2400  druggists  in  this 
city.  Mr.  Swann  expressed  the  opinion  that  they  should  bring 
the  matter  of  representation  before  the  new  commissioner  of 
health  during  the  first  week  of  January.  Upon  the  motion  of 
Mr.  Schaefer,  the  entire  subject  was  referred  to  the  legislative 
committee  with  the  recommendation  that  Dr.  Wm.  C.  .\lpers 
he  advanced  for  any  opening  which  might  be  made  upon  the 
board.  Mr.  Swann  observed  that  an  advisory  board  had  been 
suggested,  this  body  to  consist  of  three  physicians  and  three 
pharmacists.  This  proposal  did  not  receive  much  support  from 
the  members. 

Mr.  Swann  also  reported  the  postal  vote  upon  the  Sunday- 
closing  question,  the  same  being  published  in  another  page  of 
this  issue.  Fifty  per  cent,  of  those  receiving  cards  did  not 
reply.  Eighty  per  cent,  of  the  members  who  did  reply  favored 
partial  closing  on  Sunday.  A  resolution  was  adopted — not 
unanimously — lo  the  effect  that  the  society  favored  partial 
Sunday  closing. 

Otto  Raubenheimer,  chairman  of  the  scientific  committee, 
reviewed  the  year's  program  of  lectures  and  addresses,  among 
the  speakers  having  been  Dr.  Hermann  Engelhardt,  Professor 
H.  V.  Arny,  Dr.  Lyman  F.  Kebler,  H.  L.  Rehse,  F.  F.  Angelo 
Haase,  Dr.  Wm.  Mansfield,  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Alpers,  Otto  Rauben- 
heimer and   Professor   C.   E.   Vanderkleed.  » 

Otto  P.  Gilbert,  chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee, 
solicited  instructions  relative  to  the  nature  of  the  anniversary 
celebration  to  be  held  Feb.  12,  1914,  at  Terrace  Garden — 
whether  it  should  be  a  masquerade,  a  regular  ball  or  a  kom- 
mers  including  ladies.  The  matter  was  left  to  the  committee  for 
decision.  Mr.  Gilbert  exhibited  to  the  members  a  sample  of 
the  window  sign  which  would  be  given  to  each  to  call  public 
attention  to  their  membership.  The  year  in  which  the  society 
was  founded  was  added  to  the  sign. 

Messrs.  Hirseman,  Schleussner  and  Kleinau  reported  that 
they  had  audited  the  treasurer's  books  and  found  them  in  first- 
class  condition.  Two  new  members,  Wm.  Wisendanger  and 
Herman  Klein  were  in  attendance  at  the  meeting  and  were 
warmly  welcomed  by  the  members.  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Alpers,  having 
in  charge  the  1914  European  trip,  asserted  that  members  not 
having  already  signified  their  intention  of  signing  for  the  ex- 
pedition should  endeavor  to  arrive  at  an  early  conclusion  in 
this  direction. 

President  Klippert  reported  that  it  was  his  sad  duty  to 
announce  the  death  of  Mrs.  Rosa  Imhof,  widow  of  former 
president  Henry  Imhof.  The  members  were  requested  to  rise 
in  honor  to  her  memory  and  the  secretary  was  instructed  to 
write  the  family  a  letter  of  condolence. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  society  will  be  held  Jan.  13. 


N.Y.    BRANCH    CRITICIZES    NE^W    ORDINANCE. 


President-Elect    and    President    A.Ph.A.    Attend    De- 
cember Meeting — Castile  Soap  Question  Settled. 

PRESIDENT  CLARENCE  O.  BIGELOW  called  to  order 
the  December  meeting  of  the  New  Y^ork  branch  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  held  at  the  New 
"York  College  of  Pharmacy.  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  chairman 
of  the  committee  on  legislation,  reported  that  no  great  activity 
was  apparent  in  pharmaceutical  circles  and  that  the  members 
could  expect  nothing  from  Washington  for  some  time  to  come. 
The  Health  Department  of  this  city  had  amended  the  penal 
code  so  as  to  restrict  the  sale  of  mercuric  chloride  in  dry 
form,  the  ordinance  taking  effect  March  1.  This  measure, 
thought  Dr.  Anderson,  ended  the  local  situation.     No  restric- 


January,  1914] 


THE    PHARiLACEUTICAL    ERA 


25 


tion  is  placed  on  the  wholesaler,  and  the  retailer  is  entirely 
eliminated  from  handling  photographers'  bichloride  supplies. 
The  Board  of  Aldermen  had  approved  the  reduction  of  the 
fire  license  fee  from  $5  to  $2,  and  all  that  remained  was  to 
secure  the  approval  of  the  mayor.  Dr.  Anderson  concluded 
his  report  by  outlining  the  work  of  the  recent  N.Y.S.P.A. 
legislative  conference. 

The  mercuric  bichloride  ordinance  was  severely  criticized, 
and  as  strenuously  approved  by  various  of  the  members.  Some 
thought  that  the  physicians,  as  well  as  pharmacists,  should  be 
restricted.  Jlr.  Raubenheimer  deemed  it  ridiculous  that  phar- 
macists should  be  required  to  use  only  blue-colored  bichloride 
tablets.  C.  O.  Bigelow  did  not  see  how  anyone  would  suffer 
much  loss  of  business  by  the  new  ordinance.  Only  iiVs  per 
cent,  of  the  tablets  were  sold  over  drug  store  counters,  and  the 
great  bulk  were  sold  by  department  stores.  . 

President  Bigelow  requested  Caswell  A.  Mayo,  president- 
elect of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  to  escort 
George  M.  Beringer,  president  of  the  parent  body,  to  the 
rostrum  to  address  the  members.  Mr.  Beringer  had  not  ex- 
pected to  be  called  upon,  but  nevertheless  made  a  very  inter- 
esting address,  in  the  course  of  which  he  asserted  that  his 
hobby  was  pharmaceutical  meetings.  He  would  go  any  dis- 
tance to  attend  a  gathering  of  pharmacists. 

Dr.  George  C.  Diekman,  chairman  of  the  committee  on 
progress  of  pharmacy,  presented  an  interesting  report.  In  it 
he  referred  to  the  warning  of  Schimmell  &  Co.,  to  the  effect 
that  the  upward  trend  of  prices  had  put  a  premium  on  skilful 
adulterations,  some  of  these  being  extremely  difficult  to  detect, 
artificial  __esters  playing  an  important  part  in  the  sophistications. 
This  company  had  at  one  time  threatened  to  expose  the  names 
of  firms  seeking  to  purchase  adulterants  for  well-known  prod- 
ucts. One  firm  requesting  prices  and  information  as  to  quan- 
tity on  hand  of  "ester  L,"  which  might  be  employed  as  an 
adulterant  for  lavender  oil,  was  named. 

Hugh  Craig  read  considerable  correspondence  between  him- 
self, as  secretary,  and  members  of  the  U.S. P.  Revision  Com- 
mittee and  Mr.  Mitchell,  of  the  Board  of  Food  and  Drug 
Inspection,  relative  to  the  inclusion  of  Castile  soap  in  th; 
U.S. P.  The  latter  advised  that  any  name  in  any  place  in  the 
U.S. P. — te.xt  or  inde.x — was  recognized  under  the  Food  and 
Drugs  Act.  The  lengthy  discussion  on  this  subject,  which  had 
taken  place  at   the  October  meeting,   had   been   wasted. 

Jacob  Rehfuss,  president  of  the  N.Y.S.P.A.,  moved  that  a 
committee  of  three  be  appointed  to  co-operate  with  the  pro- 
paganda committee  of  the  State  association  in  connection  with 
the  latter  committee's  efforts  to  present  a  suitable  exhibition  at 
the  Madison  Square  Garden  drug  show.  President  Bigelow 
had  considerable  difficulty  in  appointing  this  committee,  inas- 
much as  many  of  the  members  had  already  been  pre-empted  by 
Chairman  Roemer.  He  finally  named  Messrs.  Diner,  Berger 
and  McCartney. 

Professor  Henry  Kraemer,  of  Philadelphia,  presented  an 
illustrated  lecture  on  "The  Cultivation  of  Medicinal  Plants." 
Professor  Kraemer  had  with  him  the  material  for  an  hour  or 
more  of  interesting  discourse  and  sufficient  enthusiasm  anent 
his  subject  to  maintain  the  interest  of  the  members  at  a  high 
pitch.  Due,  however,  to  close  adherence  to  the  regular  pro- 
gram, he  was  obliged  to  begin  his  address  rather  late  in  the 
evening  and  to  confine  himself  to  passing  remarks  on  the  many 
stereopticon  views  thrown  on  the  screen. 

Previous  to  adjournment  President  Bigelow  called  upon  the 
1st  vice-president  of  the  branch,  Wm.  Jay  Schieffelin,  for  a 
short  address.  Mr.  Schieffelin  presented  a  short  report  on  the 
recent  N.W.D.A.  convention,  referring  with  satisfaction  to 
the  atmosphere  of  friendliness  which  clothed  the  occasion.  He 
expressed  further  satisfaction  over  the  results  of  the  recent 
local  election  and  the  success  of  the  more  recent  $4,000,000 
Y.M.C..\.  fund  campaign,  in  both  of  which  he  had  been 
interested. 


BROOKLYN   DRUGGISTS  FOR   SUNDAY   CLOSING. 


Kin^s    County    Pharmaceutical    Society    Postal    Card 
Vote  Not  AH  In — Shows  How  Majority  Stands. 

SECRETARY  ANDREW  E.  HEGEM.\N  reported  the 
postal-card  vote  of  the  members  of  the  Kings  County 
Pharmaceutical  Society  on  the  question  of  Sunday  closing 
at  the  December  meeting  of  that  organization,  held  at  the 
Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy  and  called  to  order  by  President 
H.  B.  Smith.  Two  hundred  and  five  reply  cards  were  returned 
at  the   time   of  this  meeting   out   of  500   sent  out.      The   card 


presented  four  propositions:  "Do  you  favor  keeping  drug 
stores  open  all  day  Sunday  (as  at  present)  ?"  and  three  modi- 
fications of  Sunday  closing,  "To  close  all  day?"  "To  close 
after  1  p.m.?"  and  "To  close  between  1  and  6  p.m.?"  Twenty- 
five  favored  closing  all  day,  25  remaining  open  all  day,  64 
closing  1  to  6  p.m.  (about  10  per  cent,  of  these,  one  member 
remarked,  were  not  in  active  practice),  66  close  after  1  p.m., 
and  the  balance  favored  closing  at  the  different  hours  which 
they  narned.  Some  of  the  replies  went  further  than  merely 
stating  "Yes"  or  "No,"  some  of  the  members  expressing  the 
belief  that  "there  is  absolutely  no  reason  why  drug  stores 
should  keep  open  all  day  Sunday." 

Jacob  H.  Rehfuss  reported  that  90  per  cent,  of  the  members 
of  tlie  East  New  York  Pharmaceutical  Association  favored 
closing  after  1  p.m.  Mr.  Rehfuss  stated  that  much  to  the 
surprise  of  the  members  of  the  Kmgs  county  society  the  Sun- 
day-closing movement  had  started  up-State,  but  the  sentiment 
favoring  it  is  much  stronger  in  the  metropolitan  districts.  He 
then  reported  the  attitude  of  the  recent  legislative  conference 
held  at  the  N.Y.C.P.  to  the  effect  that  the  matter  be  deliber- 
ated upon  and  be  brought  up  at  the  annual  State  association 
meeting  at  Sagamore  Hotel,  Lake  George.  Dr.  Joseph  Kalm 
advised  that  the  members  consider  the  public  welfare  in  de- 
ciding the  question.  Adrian  Paradis  agreed  with  a  previous 
contention  made  by  Dr.  Henry  J.  J.  Kassebaum  that  the 
detail  houses  would  stock  the  physicians  for  Sunday  "when 
the  drug  stores  are  closed."  Before  leaving  the  argument  Mr. 
Rehfuss  pointed  out  that  it  would  be  impossible  to  get  the 
best  material  among  the  young  men  of  today  to  enter  phar- 
macy because  they  would  not  work  seven  days  a  week. 

T.  J.  France  was  opposed  to  legislation  on  Sunday  closing: 
"The  druggists  are  simply  legislating  themselves  out  of  busi- 
ness." Dr.  Wm.  C.  .Anderson  explained  that  the  Sunday- 
closing  movement  had  been  started  as  a  remedy  for  the  situa- 
tion created  by  the  new  labor  law.  The  posting  of  a  schedule 
containing  a  list  of  employees  required  to  work  on  Sundays 
and  designating  the  day  of  rest  for  each,  the  filing  of  such 
schedule  with  the  commissioner  and  the  prompt  filing  with 
the  said  commissioner  of  a  copy  of  every  change  in  such 
schedule,  was  the  most  objectionable  feature  of  the  law.  Up- 
State  druggists  had  concluded  it  best  to  close  their  stores  on 
Sundays,  and  having  decided  to  close,  deemed  it  desirable  that 
everybody  else  should  do  likewise.  "Partial  closing  will  not 
solve  the  original  problem.  It  is  foolish  to  legislate  ourselves 
out  of  business  for  part  of  a  day.  It  shows  that  we  are  not 
necessary  one  day  a  week."  Dr.  Anderson  asked  what  would 
be  done  if  a  doctor  needed  a  tank  of  ox-j-gen  while  all  the 
drug  stores  were  closed.  "Don't  go  to  Albany  and  try  to  get 
legislation  which  will  fie  us  down.  Keep  away  from  the  law 
if  you  can't  meet  the  labor  law  situation." 

Dr.  Hy.  J.  J.  Kassebaum,  detail  man,  gave  an  interesting 
talk  on  his  work  to  date.  He  had  seen  approximately  100  men 
since  his  appointment  and  in  his  experience  the  physicians 
were  more  interested  in  the  official  preparations  than  were  the 
druggists.  The  latter  were  not  making  the  preparations.  In 
a  dozen  cases  druggists  had  called  up  the  doctors  who  had 
prescribed  official  preparations  and  had  requested  the  latter 
to  substitute  manufactured  articles.  The  druggist  should  cater 
more  to  the  physician  than  he  does.  The  speaker  pointed  out 
that  a  few  druggists  were  sending  out  samples  of  official  prep- 
arations to  the  physicians  in  their  neighborhood  and  were 
building  up  fine  businesses  by  these  tactics. 

Charles  Heimerzheim,  of-  the  trade  matters  committee,  ex- 
plained that  the  propaganda  policy  of  the  society  had  been 
changed  since  last  year.  He  explained  that  the  detail  man 
now  endeavored  to  educate  physicians  how  to  prescribe  and 
was  introducing  original  preparations  which  druggists  should 
have  on  hand.  He  did  not  push  imitations  of  proprietaries. 
He  visited  about  20  physicians  and  10  pharmacists  a  week 
and  was  endeavoring  to  get  the  co-operation  of  the  two  pro- 
fessions. At  Mr.  Heimerzheim's  request  his  committee  was 
voted  the  sum  of  $100   for  expenses. 

The  resignation  of  Wm.  F.  Morgan  as  trustee  of  the  college 
was  accepted.  Dr.  Morgan  having  been  appointed  an  assistant 
in  pharmacognosy  to  Dr.  A.  P.  Lohness.  M.  D.  Cadman 
was  elected  a  trustee  and  O.  F.  Bancroft  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Censors. 

Treasurer  .Adrian  Paradis  reported  a  balance  on  hand  of 
$223.  T.  J.  France  reported  that  the  mid-Winter  examina- 
tions at  the  college  would  begin  the  first  Monday  in  January. 
Otto  Raubenheimer  presented  an  interesting  paper  on  the 
"Centenary    of    Iodine."       Mr.    Raubenheimer     reported    that 


26 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


Thomas  Keenan,  editor  of  Paper,  would  address  the  members 
on  "K;iolin''  at  the   Tinuan'  meeting. 


DRUG  TRADE   SECTION   ACTS  ON  LEGISLATION. 


lations  as  are  the  American  manufacturers.  The  action  taken 
by  the  section  was  substantially  that  taken  by  the  N.W.D.A. 
at  Jacksonville. 


Takes    Stand    Anent    Bichloride,    Solicits    Action    on 
Harrison  Bill  and  Proposes  P.O.  Measure. 

THE  memliers  of  ilie  Drug  Trade  Section  of  the  New  York 
Board  of  Trade  and  Transportation  at  tlieir  regular  De- 
cember meeting,  called  to  order  by  Chairman  Henry  C. 
Lovis,  voiced  their  attitude  toward  the  bichloride  tablet  ques- 
tion by  adopting  the  following  resolution: 

"Rfsohed.  That  the  Drug  Trade  Section  of  the  New  York 
Board  of  Trade  and  Transportation  recommends  the  enactment 
of  a  law  requiring  that  bichloride  of  mercury  tablets  contain- 
ing more  than  one-tenth  of  a  grain  shall  be  colored  blue  and 
shall  be  made  in  distinctive  forms. 

"Further,  That  the  section  is  opposed  to  any  legislation 
which  will  require  the  aurtificial  coloring  of  bichloride  of  mer- 
cury when  sold  in  any  other  than  tablet  form." 

Thomas  Main  asserted  that  it  had  been  the  general  opinion 
at  the  N.W.D..\.  Jacksonville  meeting  that  Treasury  De- 
cision 33,456  would  be  revoked  upon  the  passage  of  the  Harri- 
son bill.  .-Mbert  Plaut  said  that  Dr.  .^Isberg  had  assured  him 
that  the  decision  would  be  revoked  if  the  Harrison  bill  were 
passed.  Secretary-  Wm.  McConnell  also  quoted  the  Chief  of 
the  Bureau  of  Chemistrj-  to  the  effect  that  the  latter  would 
for  some  time  enforce  the  measure  only  as  regards  importa- 
tions. Mr.  Main  introduced  a  resolution  which  was  unani- 
mously adopted  and  which  incorporated  the  following  points: 

That  the  section  record  with  regret  the  failure  of  Congress 
at  its  special  session  to  enact  H.R.  bill  6282,  the  Harrison 
bill,  which  passed  the  House  of  Representatives  June  26,  1913, 
without  opposition,  having  been  carefully  prepared  by  the 
collaboration  of  Government  officials,  committees  of  Congress 
and  representatives  of  the  several  trades  affected  by  its  ad- 
ministration. 

Early  enactment  of  this  bill  is  of  utmost  importance  to  the 
people  of  the  United  States.  This  country  took  the  initiative 
in  convening  an  international  congress  to  restrict  the  use  of 
narcotics  and,  while  some  of  the  participants  are  enforcing 
their  agreements  the  U.S.  is  delaying  action. 

The  section  earnestly  petitions  the  finance  committee  of  the 
U.S.  Senate  to  report  this  bill  for  passage  at  once,  and  we 
urge  the  Senators  from  New  York  to  use  every  proper  effort 
to  promote  its  passage. 

The  secretary  was  instructed  to  send  copies  to  the  President, 
Senators  Root  and  O'Gorman  and  the  members  of  the  Senate 
finance  committee. 

Secretary  McConnell  brought  before  the  meeting  the  am- 
biguous postal  regulation  relative  to  the  mailing  of  prepara- 
tions containing  poisons.  He  stated  that  according  to  the  local 
authorities  nothing  containing  poisons  would  be  mailable  in 
this  city.  Mr.  Plaut  asserted  that  Second  Assistant  Postmaster- 
General  Joseph.  Stewart  had  assured  him  that  there  would  be 
no  hold-up  on  bonafide  medicines,  but  that  the  only  way  to 
remedy  the  law  was  to  have  it  changed.  It  had  been  passed 
to  "hit"  poisoned  candy:  legitimate  business  had  not  been 
aimed  at.  The  post-office  authorities,  however,  found  it  im- 
possible to  interpret  the  law  any  differently  than  it  does.  Since 
it  was  not  seriously  affecting  anyone's  business  the  matter  was 
laid  over  until  next  meeting,  the"  secretary  being  instructed  to 
prepare  suitable  legislation  for  the  consideration  of  the  section. 

The  recent  ruling  of  the  State  Superintendent  of  Weights 
and  ileasures  that  "In  relation  to  commodities  put  up  in 
tubes,  they  shall  be  marked  plainly  and  conspicuously  and  a 
reasonable  variance  shall  be  allowed,"  was  called  to  the  atten- 
tion of  the  members  by  the  secretary.  He  also  admonished 
them  that  the  Brooks  weights  and  measures  law  with  all  its 
provisions  as  to  labeling  with  net  weight,  measure  or  numerical 
count  would  be  enforced  February  1,  1914. 

The  new  Cuban  requirement  that  a  statement  be  made  upon 
the  label  of  the  component  to  which  every  preparation  owes 
Its  value  was  brought  up  by  Thomas  Main,  who  proposed  a 
resolution,  later  adopted,  that  the  committee  on  legislation 
protest  against  the  regulations  to  the  Secretary  of  Sanitation 
and  Beneficence  in  Cuba  and  that  it  request  Secretary  of 
State  Bryan  to  protest  with  the  Cuban  government  against  the 
imposition  of  this  law.  The  measure  also  requires  the  regis- 
tration of  every  article  offered  for  sale  in  Cuba  and  that  cer- 
tificates for  each  be  obtained.  It  was  reported  that  the  whole- 
sale druggists  of  Cuba  are  as  strenuously  opposed  to  the  regu- 


Chicago    Branch,   A.Ph.A. 

The  November  meeting  of  the  Chicago  branch  of  the  Amer- 
ican Pharmaceutical  .Association  was  held  at  the  University  of 
Illinois  School  of  Pharmacy  building.  The  subject  was  "Gen- 
eral Principles  of  Pharmacy  Legislation."  The  members  of 
the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  and  the  president  and  members 
of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Illinois  Pharmaceutical  As- 
sociation were  invited  to  be  present. 

The  following  general  statement  was  presented  in  type- 
written form  to  each  one  present  and  became  the  basis  of  the 
discussion : 

"1.  Pharmaceutical  legislation,  though  framed  by  pharma- 
cists and  secured  only  through  their  organized  efforts,  must 
primarily  be  intended  to  provide  efficient  pharmaceutical  ser- 
vice for  the  public.  2.  Sudi  legislation  must  control  the  traffic 
in  habit-forming  drugs  and  safeguard  so  far  as  possible  the 
handling  and  employment  of  poisons  and  potent  remedies. 
3.  Concessions  must  be  made  so  as  to  permit  dealers  other 
than  pharmacists  to  supply  under  proper  restrictions  such 
poisonous  substances  as  are  used  largely  in  the  arts.  4.  Stand- 
ards covering  school  and  drug-store  training  should  be  pro- 
vided for  three  grades  of  certificates — .Apprentice,  .Assistant 
and  Pharmacist.  S.  Boards  of  Pharmacy  should  have  full 
supervision  of  all  matters  within  the  State  relating  to  the 
handling  and  sale  of  drugs  and  medicines.  By  co-operation 
with  other  State  departments  facilities  for  analyses  could  be 
provided.  6.  By  co-operation  with  the  State  department  of 
education,  trained  e.xperts  should  be  provided  to  conduct  the 
examinations,  but  directly  supervised  and  controlled  by  the 
Board  of  Pharmacy.  7.  Appointments  of  board  members 
should  be  made  upon  the  recommendation  of  State  pharmaceu- 
tical associations." 

James  H.  Wells,  president  of  the  branch,  presided,  and  called 
upon  Editor  George  Engelhard  to  lead  in  the  discussion.  Mr. 
Engelhard  expressed  himself  as  substantially  in  accord  with  the 
statement  of  principles  as  presented  to  the  meeting.  He 
referred  to  the  part  he  took  in  the  drafting  of  the  original 
Illinois  pharmacy  law,  adopted  in  1880,  and  stated  that  it  was 
based  on  a  model  law  proposed  by  the  .A.Ph.A.  previous  to 
that  time.  He  brought  out  the  point  that  an  endeavor  was 
made  in  this  original  draft  to  provide  for  the  election  of  the 
members  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy  by  the  pharmacists  of  the 
State,  but  such  a  provision,  it  was  shown,  would  be  uncon- 
stitutional, as  the  members  of  the  board  must  be  appointed 
by  the  Governor.  He  declared  that  board  members  in  all  the 
States  were,  to  a  more  or  less  extent,  political  appointees  and 
that  if  pharmacists  had  the  power  to  elect  the  administrators 
of  the  law,  the  condition  of  pharmacy  in  the  several  States 
would  now  be  ideal 

Mr.  Engelhard  also  discussed  the  question  of  college  pre- 
requisites before  examination  and  stated  that  no  such  require- 
ment should  be  included  in  the  law  itself,  but  educational 
requirements,  as  well  as  the  character  and  methods  of  ex- 
amination should  be  left  to  the  discretion  of  the  board.  If 
conditions  in  pharmacy  have  reached  such  a  state  that  a  course 
in  a  college  of  pharmacy  is  essential  to  the  proper  qualifica- 
tions of  a  pharmacist,  well  and  good,  let  the  board  so  rule. 

He  criticised  severely  the  provisions  of  the  law  permitting^ 
physicians  to  dispense  and  held  that  qualified  pharmacists 
alone  should  dispense  medicine  and  then  that  pharmacists 
should  be  responsible  for  all  medicines  so  dispensed.  In  this 
respect  he  is  completely  in  accord  with  the  principles  laid  down 
by  the  drug  reform  committee  of  the  .A.Ph.A.  and  further 
stated  that  the  doctors  were  to  the  very  front  in  fighting  for 
pure  food  and  drug  legislation,  but  now,  through  the  dis- 
pensing physician  75  per  cent,  of  the  medicines  dispensed  in 
this  countrj'  do  not  come  within  the  scope  of  these  laws. 

Secretary  T.  H.  Potts,  of  the  N..A.R.D.,  was  the  next 
speaker  and  stated  emphatically  that  the  State  board  of  phar- 
macy have  no  right  nor  should  they  have  a  right  to  make 
regulations  concerning  the  qualifications  of  candidates  for  the 
examination,  but  these  qualifications  should  be  definitely  stated 
in  the  law.  He  spoke  strongly  in  favor  of  the  pre-requisite 
requirement  and  wanted  to  know  how  we  are  ever  going  to- 
place  pharmacy  on  the  footing  where  it  belongs  if  we  do  not 
require  an  adequate  and  advancing  education  of  those  enter- 
ing pharmacy.  He  referred  to  the  successful  U.S. P.  and  N.F.. 
propaganda  work  among  physicians. 


January,  1914] 


THE   PHARilACEUTICAL   ERA 


27 


Secretary  Isam  Light,  of  the  C.R.D.A.,  also  spoke  of  this 
propaganda  work  and  stated  that  one  of  the  great  difficuhies 
of  the  work  was  the  indifference  displayed  by  the  retail  drug- 
gists themselves.  He  further  stated  that,  as  a  rule,  those  who 
were  indifferent  were  not  college  graduates  and  that  the  main 
cause  of  the  indifference  was  their  incompetence  to  properly 
prepare  the  U.S. P.  and  N.F.  preparations.  Mr.  Light  said 
that  if  the  prerequisite  clause  was  inserted  in  our  pharmacy 
law  we  would  have  more  capable  pharmacists  in  Illinois  within 
a  short  time. 

E.x-President  W.  B.  Day  spoke  in  favor  of  the  prerequisite 
clause.  He  brought  out  the  point  that  at  present  druggists 
did  not  teach  pharmacy  to  their  apprentices  as  in  former  years, 
and  while  drug-store  experience  still  had  much  value  in  the 
training  of  a  pharmacist,  yet  candidates  for  registration  should 
now  be  required  to  show  some  systematic  effort  to  qualify  in 
pharmacy  before  being  admitted  to  examination. 

Wm.  Gray,  pharmacist  at  the  Presbyterian  Hospital,  spoke 
of  the  difficulties  of  the  apprentice  acquiring  a  competent  edu- 
cation from  drug-store  experience  alone  and  favored  the  pre- 
requisite requirement. 

Mr.  Wells,  speaking  from  his  own  experience,  told  how  he 
had  very  successfully  passed  the  board  examination  (a  con- 
siderable number  of  years  ago,  however)  after  a  very  limited 
experience  of  running  errands  in  a  drug  store  followed  by 
three  months  cramming.  He  then  spent  10  years  as  apprentice 
and  clerk,  acquiring  a  true  pharmaceutical  education.  He  re- 
ferred to  apprentices  nowadays,  who  knew  nothing  of  scientific 
or  ethical  pharmacy,  who  after  a  three-months'  course  in  one 
of  these  stuffing  schools  successfully  passed  the  board.  He 
pointed  out  that  such  an  '"education"  evaporated  almost  as 
rapidly  as  it  was  acquired,  and  urged  that,  when  the  pre- 
requisite requirement  was  placed  in  the  law,  it  be  so  worded 
as  to  require  a  reasonably  complete  and  broad  education,  gen- 
eral and  pharmaceutical. 

Professor  A.  H.  Clark  presented  several  examples  from  his 
own  experience  of  insufficiently  educated  pharmacists,  par- 
ticularly one  instance  in  which  the  physician  ordered  a  pre- 
scription calling  for  1/60  grain  strjchnine  tablets  to  be  refilled 
but  with  tablets  only  half  as  strong.  The  drug  clerk  dispensed 
1/30  grain  strychnine  tablets. 

Mr.  Brunstrom,  of  Moline,  chairman  of  the  legislative  com- 
mittee of  the  Illinois  Pharmaceutical  Association,  urged  upon 
all  Illinois  pharmacists  unity  in  backing  the  desired  amend- 
ments to  the  pharmacy  law ;  that  the  law  had  enemies  enough 
among  the  "patent  medicine"  and  "wagon"  men  and  that  we 
must  have   the  unanimous  support  of  the  pharmacists. 

President  Ralph  E.  Dorland,  of  the  Illinois  Pharmaceutical 
Association,  closed  the  discussion.  He  stated  that  the  I.Ph.A. 
stood  solidly  back  of  the  fight  for  amendments  to  our  present 
State  law  in  favor  of  prerequisite  college  education,  the  label- 
ing of  medicines  with  name  and  amount  of  each  potent  drug 
contained  in  them  and  the  restriction  of  the  sale  of  all  power- 
ful medicines  to  registered  pharmacists.  He  said  further,  the 
salvation  of  pharmacy  in  every  State  lies  in  right  legislation. 
To  obtain  legislation,  co-operation  is  essential.  The  phar- 
macists of  the  State  must  write  and  present  a  solid  front  in 
their  State  organization. 

A  pleasing  and  instructive  incident  of  the  evening  was  the 
■display  and  demonstration  of  oxj'gen  apparatus,  especially 
pieces  designed  for  anesthesia  and  for  life-saving,  by  repre- 
sentatives of  the  Roessler  &  Hasslacher   Chemical  Company. 

The  December  meeting  of  the  branch  was  held  Dec.  16. 
E.  N.  Gathercoal  introduced  the  subject  of  the  evening,  "The 
Pharmacognosy  of  the  Rhamnus  Barks."  He  showed  specimens 
of  the  bark  from  Rhamnus  Frangiila  and  R.  cathartica,  which 
are  European  shrubs;  R.  Purshiana,  R.  californica,  and  R. 
crocea,  from  Western  United  States,  and  R.  chlorophorus,  a 
Chinese  plant;  also  samples  of  barks  used  as  adulterants  of 
Cascara  and  Frangula,  including  the  one  found  a  year  or  so 
ago  by  Mr.  Miller,  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  in  a  large  lot  of 
Cascara.  Mr.  Gathercoal  discussed  the  characters  of  the  plant 
supplying  each  of  these,  mentioned  its  habitat  and  pointed  out 
the  external  markings  of  each  bark,  their  resemblances,  as 
well  as  the  features  by  which  they  may  be  readily  distin- 
guished. He  stated  that  the  adulterant  found,  but  not  identi- 
fied, by  Mr.  Miller,  disclosed  in  its  internal  structure  all  the 
ear-marks  of  a  cherry  bark,  and,  as  on  maceration  in  water, 
a  slight  odor  of  hydrocyanic  acid  was  observed,  it  probably 
was  from  a  species  of  cherry.  He  also  presented  a  review  of 
1he  literature  on  the  chemistry  of  the  Rhamnus  barks  and 
•showed    the    chemical    tests    proposed    for    the    monographs    of 


Rhamnus  Purshiana  and  Frangula  in  the  new  U.S. P.  His 
part  of  the  discussion  was  closed  with  a  projection-microscope 
exhibit  of  sections  prepared  from  the  variotis  barks  and  a 
description  of  the  tissues  of  each,  bringing  out  points  of 
similarity  and  dissimilarity  in  their  structure. 

Mr.  L.  E.  Warren,  of  the  chemical  laboratory  of  the  A.M.A., 
Professors  A.  H.  Clark,  C.  M.  Snow,  G.  D.  Timmons  and 
W.  B.  Day  and  Messrs.  J.  H.  Wells,  Wm.  Gray,  I.  A.  Becker 
and  C.  F.  Storer  took  part  in  the  discussion. 


Executive    Coimnittee,    III.    Ph.A. 

The  semi-annual  meeting  of  the  executive  committee  of  the 
Illinois  Pharmaceutical  Association  was  held  at  the  University 
of  Illinois  School  of  Pharmacy,  Chicago,  on  Xov.  19.  For 
the  first  time  the  committee  held  an  all-day  session.  The 
attendance  was  large,  the  members  were  enthusiastic  and  much 
was  accomplished. 

There  were  present  at  the  meeting  the  following:  President 
Ralph  E.  Dorland,  Secretary  W.  B.  Day,  Executive  Commit- 
teemen I.  M.  Light,  J.  T.  Lueder,  J.  P.  Crowley,  S.  J.  Jeruzal, 
H.  N.  Bruun,  G.  J.  Guerten,  of  Chicago;  A.  E.  Clyde,  Glen- 
coe;  W.  D.  Duncan,  Ottawa;  H.  M.  Anderson,  Monmouth; 
T.  B.  Shaffer,  Oneida;  Joe  Reinhart,  Peoria;  W.  F.  Baum, 
Danville;  Byron  .-Krmstrong,  Jacksonville;  W.  R.  Graham, 
Carlinville;  P.  L.  Gain,  East  St.  Louis;  W.  C.  Irwin,  Salem, 
and  Thos.  Gregg,  Harrisburg.  Also  Charles  Brunstrom,  chair- 
man legislative  committee,  and  Eugene  Caron.  Of  the  political 
committee.  Chairman  J.  H.  Wells,  C.  H.  Avery,  J.  J.  Boehm, 
L.  M.  Pedigo  and  L.  P.  Larsen,  and  J.  A.  Mahaffy,  of  the 
membership  committee. 

By  invitation,  the  following  members  of  the  Illinois  Phar- 
maceutical Travelers'  Association  were  in  attendance:  Presi- 
dent M.  L.  Burhans,  Vice-President  R.  H.  Smith,  Secretary 
H.  E.  Cornish,  A.  W.  Hobart  and  R.  D.  Keim,  also  Secretary 
Potts  and  Field  Representative  Singer,  of  the  N..-V.R.D. 

The  morning  session  was  devoted  to  fixing  of  a  date  for 
the  next  annual  meeting  and  the  selection  of  a  meeting-place. 
The  representatives  of  the  I.P.T..\.  were  practically  a  unit 
upon  recommending  Fox  Lake.  They  urged  the  desirability 
of  meeting  at  a  Summer  resort,  which  would  be  a  decided 
innovation  and  would  undoubtedly  draw  a  large  attendance. 
By  meeting  early  in  June  very  favorable  arrangements  could 
be  made  at  Fox  Lake,  so  that  the  convention  would  be  cared 
for  in  one  large  hotel  at  reasonable  rates  and  with  excellent 
facilities  for  the  business  sessions.  Several  novel  entertainment 
features  will  also  be  provided.  Invitations  were  also  presented 
from  Peoria  and  other  cities  and  Dr.  Hobart  discussed  a 
proposition  to  hold  the  meeting  on  one  of  the  fine  lake  boats 
and  make  a  foirr-day  trip  on  Lake  Michigan.  After  a  very 
general  discussion  it  was  unanimously  decided  to  meet  at 
Fox  Lake,  June  11,  12  and  13,  and  the  sentiment  of  the  mem- 
bers was  that  the  meeting,  as  planned,  will  be  the  most  suc- 
cessful the  association  has  ever  held. 

At  the  afternoon  session  nominations  for  the  Board  of  Phar- 
macy and  Advisory  Board  were  made.  Appropriations  were 
allotted  to  the  various  standing  committees  and  a  membership 
campaign  was  discussed.  Mr.  Lee  M.  Pedigo,  chairman  of 
the  propaganda  committee,  brought  forward  a  definite  plan 
for  interesting  the  physicians  and  pharmacists  in  the  propa- 
ganda for  U.S. P.  and  N.F.  and  recommended  that  this  work 
include  also  a  campaign  for  new  members.  This  plan  was 
heartily  approved  and  an  appropriation  of  $400  was  granted 
to  Mr,  Pedigo  for  expenses  in  conducting  the  campaign  with 
the  understanding  that  the  local  pharmacists  in  the  districts 
which  are  visited  would  bear  their  share  of  the  expense. 

Resolutions  were  passed  protesting  against  the  proposed 
removal  of  the  N.A.R.D.  headquarters  from  Chicago:  en- 
dorsing the  candidacy  of  ex-President  J.  H.  Wells  for  the 
Postmastership  in  his  home  cit\',  Evanston ;  authorizing  the  presi- 
dent and  secretary  to  employ  a  solicitor  on  a  commission  basis 
for  securing  new  members:  authorizing  the  president  and 
secretarv'  to  fill  vacancies  on  the  voting  card  where  no  nomina- 
tions had  been  made. 

The  treasurer's  report  showed  the  expenses  since  the  annual 
meeting  as  $914,81,  the  receipts  $424.00,  the  balance  on  hand 
$918,54. 


City  of  Washington  Branch,  A.PI1.A. 

At  the  November  meeting  of  the  Washington  branch, 
.A.Ph.A..  Dr.  L.  F.  Kebler,  the  president,  introduced  Dr.  H.  A. 
Seil.  of  New  York  City,  who  discussed  observations  on 
asafetida   and  balsam  of  Peru.    Dr.  Seil  clearly  showed  that  the 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[Januaey,  1914 


presem  tests  for  purity  were  wholly  inadequate  to  cope  w  ith 
the  cunning  of  dishonest  shippers,  and  tliat  the  official  defini- 
tion, which  requires  that  each  of  these  substances  be  I'erived 
from  detinite  sources  was  the  only  satisfactory  basis  upon 
which  spurious  and  adulterated  products  could  be  denied  entry 
into  the  United  States. 

Illicit  opium  traffic  was  the  next  subject  considered.  A.  B. 
Adams,  diemist  for  the  Internal  Revenue  Department,  spoke 
of  the  work  of  the  service  in  this  connection.  He  described 
minutely  the  cunning  of  some  of  the  dealers,  which  is  almost 
beyond  human  conception.  Numerous  examples  were  cited 
where  the  department  had  almost  positive  knowledge  that  this 
traffic  was  being  carried  on,  yet  because  of  the  extreme  cun- 
ning employed,  no  evidence  sufficient  to  procure  a  prosecution 
could  be  obtained.  Examples  were  also  cited  where  the  small- 
est slip  had  cost  the  dealer  a  conviction.  One  instance,  where 
the  opium  was  cast  into  a  sewer  was  described,  conviction  be- 
ing obtained  therein  by  removing  a  brick  from  the  sew-er  wall 
and  sliowing  that  when  the  opium  was  thrown  into  the  sewer 
the  water  in  the  sewer  was  splashed  against  this  brick.  Upon 
chemical  examination  of  the  surface  of  the  brick  tlie  presence 
of  opium  was  shown. 

JIuch  gratification  was  expressed  that  a  number  of  reputable 
manufacturers  of  drugs  and  chemical  products  had  discontinued 
the  manufacture  of  extract  of  opium.  It  was  claimed  that  this 
form  of  opium  was  the  most  frequently  employed  by  the 
smoker,  and  was  merely  a  variety  of  smoking  opium  apparently 
manufactured  for  legitimate  use. 

"The  Present  Status  of  the  Federal  Control  of  Habit-Form- 
ing Drugs,"  was  the  title  of  a  paper  read  by  S.  L.  Hilton. 
Attention  therein  was  invited  to  the  decided  opposition  to  the 
so-called  "Harrison  Bill"  now  pending  before  Congress,  and 
belief  was  expressed  that  the  opposition  w'as  growing  to  the 
extent  that  it  would  defeat  the  bill,  unless  there  was  a  renewal 
in  a  decided  manner  of  the  activities  which  have  supported  it. 

The  recent  decision  of  the  Treasury  Department,  having  as 
its  object  the  regulation  of  cocaine,  coca,  their  derivatives  and 
preparations,  from  the  time  it  entered  the  United  States  until 
such  reached  the  ultimate  consumer,  was  also  considered.  Mr. 
Hilton,  in  discussing  this  decision,  called  upon  Mr.  Stewart, 
a  local  attorney,  for  some  remarks  concerning  his  belief  in  its 
validity,  and  in  response  thereto  Mr.  Stewart  stated  that  he  did 
not  believe  that  the  order  could  be  enforced  under  existing 
statute.  A  slight  modification  of.  the  pure  food  and  drug  act 
would,  however,  bring  such  a  regulation  clearly  within  the 
province  of  the  Treasury  Department. 

Dr.  Lyman  F.  Kebler  briefly  reviewed  the  various  steps  taken 
previous  to  the  issuing  of  this  order,  generally  called  Treasury 
Decision  No.  33,456.  This  order,  it  seems,  was  directly  the 
result  of  efforts  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture  to  regulate 
the  importation  of  the  habit-forming  drugs.  So  much  oppo- 
sition was  developed  that  the  efforts  of  the  Department  were 
held  in  abeyance  until  certain  investigations  were  had.  The 
result  of  these  investigations  was  the  opium  act  in  1909. 
Again,  in  1911,  the  Department  of  Agriculture  attempted  to 
regulate  the  importation  of  habit-forming  drugs,  and  much 
opposition  was  developed  to  all  the  drugs  named  in  the  regu- 
lation except  cocaine  and  coca.  During  the  year  1912  some 
coca  leaves  were  detained  because  their  alkaloidal  content  was 
not  noted.  The  importers  voiced  their  willingness  to  label  the 
drugs  as  desired,  and  after  a  number  of  other  shipments  were 
detained,  and  then  allowed  entry,  it  was  decided  to  make  the 
enforcement  uniform,  hence  the  decision  above  noted. 

All  the  questions  brought  up  were  freely  discussed  by  the 
members  present,  the  attendance  being  much  better  than  usual. 
This  meeting  is  considered  one  of  the  most  profitable  in  the 
history  of  the  local  branch. 

The  December  meeting  of  the  branch  was  held  Dec.  17,  in 
the  Institute  of  Industrial  Research,  19th  and  B  streets,  North- 
west.    The  following  programme  was  provided: 

( 1 )  Conservation  of  Pharmaceutical  Chemistry — Mr.  H.  C. 
Fuller,   Institute  of  Industrial  Research. 

(2)  Commercial  Alcohol  in  Germany — Dr.  Rodney  H.  True, 
U.S.  Department  of  Agriculture. 

(3)  The  Peru  Balsam  Industry— Mr.  Albert  Hale,  Pan- 
American  Union. 


in  Nashville.  A  committee  consisting  of  W.  R.  White,  Ira  B. 
Clark  and  S.  C.  Davis  was  appointed  to  co-operate  with  the 
Nashville  Industrial  Bureau  in  properly  presenting  Nashville's 
claims  to  the  Council. 

".-\rticles  for  Quick  Dispensing"  was  the  regular  subject 
for  discussion.  Ira  B.  Clark  began  the  discussion  by  saying 
that  more  stock  solutions  were  used  by  the  large  uptown  stores 
than  the  suburban  stores  since  they  had  a  much  larger  pre- 
scription business.  He  kept  the  solutions  for  making  Sol. 
Amnion.  Acetate,  Sat.  Sol.  Boric  acid,  Sat.  Sol.  Iodide  of  Potash 
and  a  few  others,  but  said  the  Sol.  Pot.  Iodide  became  colored 
after  a  while. 

Dr.  E.  A.  Ruddimnn  stated  that  a  solution  of  pure  lod. 
Pot.  would  color  in  three  or  four  weeks,  but  that  the  com- 
mercial article  would  keep  several  months  on  account  of  the 
Pot.  Carbonate  usually  present  in  it.  Dr.  J.  M.  Rogoff  thought 
light  and  temperature  had  much  to  do  with  the  change.  He 
strongly  discouraged  the  use  of  stock  alkaloidal  solutions,  and 
gave  the  results  of  some  recent  experiments  he  had  made  on 
frogs  with  solutions  of  cocaine,  morphine,  strychnine,  atropine, 
codeine,  nicotine  and  thebaine  which  had  been  made  five  or 
six  weeks,  all  of  which  showed  signs  of  deterioration.  He  and 
Dr.  Ruddiman  agreed  to  do  some  experimental  work  along 
tnese  lines,  and  will  report  their  results  to  the  branch.  Messrs. 
Hutton,  Clark  and  Davis  discussed  the  keeping  qualities  of 
ointments  and  were  of  the  opinion  that  retailers  neglected  this 
class  of  preparations  too  much.  Most  of  them  should  be  made 
fresh  when  needed.  How  to  keep  iron  solutions  from  turning 
dark  was  discussed  by  Messrs.  Burge,  Davis,  Ruddiman  and 
White.  Dr.  Burge  stated  that  he  had  found  that  ammonia 
turned  iron  solution  dark  and  in  making  Elix.  Phos.,  Iron, 
Quinine  and  Strych.,  he  does  not  neutralize  W'ith  ammonia, 
leaving  the  solution  cold,  and  in  this  way  gets  a  nice  green 
elixir  that  keeps  a  long  time  unchanged.  Lead  in  the  bottles 
and  sunlight  were  given  as  causes  of  the  change. 

The   branch   then   adjourned. 


Next    Illinois    Pharmaceutical    Convention. 

The  executive  committee  of  the  Illinois  Pharmaceutical  As- 
sociation met  in  Chicngo  recently  and  unanimously  voted  to 
accept  the  recommendation  of  the  Travelers'  Association  to 
hold  the  next  annual  joint  convention  at  Mineola  Hotel,  Fo.x 
Lake,  III.,  and  fixed  the  dates  at  June  11,  12  and  13,  1914.  Fox 
Lake  is  situated  but  50  miles  from  Chicago  and  is  easily 
accessible  both  by  rail  and  by  auto. 

The  committee  from  the  Travelers  contended  that  the  inno- 
vation of  holding  the  convention  at  a  Summer  resort  instead 
of  at  one  of  the  larger  cities  of  the  State  has  been  tried  suc- 
cessfully in  all  parts  of  the  country  and  has  resulted  in 
genuine  vacations  for  members  of  both  associations  as  well 
as  a  greatly  increased  attendance  at  the  much-needed  business 
meetings. 

The  details  of  arrangement,  publicity  and  entertainment,  are 
as  usual  in  the  hands  of  the  Illinois  Pharmaceutical  Travelers' 
Association,  and  the  latter  are  enthusiastic  over  the  prospect 
of  one  of  the  biggest  meetings  ever  held  by  the  associations. 
They  report  that  the  Summer  resort  idea  particularly  appeals 
to  the  small  town  druggists  who  relish  the  idea  of  combining 
a    genuine   pleasure   trip   with   the   business   of   the   convention. 


Nevada  State  Ph.A. 
At  the  adjourned  meeting  of  the  new  Nevada  State  Phar- 
maceutical Association  at  Reno,  in  November,  the  temporary 
organization  was  perfected  by  the  election  of  A.  S.  Olds,  of 
Goldfield,  as  president;  to  serve  till  next  November.  C.  E. 
Week,  of  Reno,  was  elected  vice-president,  and  H.  J.  Duncan, 
of  Reno,  secretary  and  treasurer.  Committees  were  appointed 
to  look  after  legislation,  commercial  interests,  progress  of  phar- 
macy in  the  State  papers,  and  meeting  and  entertainment. 
Lewis  H.  Zeh,  secretary  of  the  California  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  was  a  guest  and  gave  a  talk  on  organization  and 
the  purposes  of  such  a  body. 


Nashville   Branch,   A.Ph.A. 

At  the  November  meeting  of  the  Nashville  branch  of  the 
.American  Pharmaceutical  .Association,  the  subject  of  the  loca- 
tion of  the  .A.Ph.A.  headquarters  was  freely  discussed,  and 
the   opinion   unanimously   expressed   that   it   should   be   located 


N.A.R.D.   to  Meet  at  Philadelphia. 

The  1914  convention  of  the  National  Association  of  Retail 
Druggists  will  be  held  at  Philadelphia,  beginning  August  24. 
It  is  expected  that  the  attendance  of  delegates  will  exceed  1000, 
and  the  Philadelphia  Association  of  Retail  Druggists  is  alreadv 
at  work  in  perfecting  plans  for  the  entertainment  of  the  body 
and  its  guests.  The  choice  of  Philadelphia  was  made  by  the 
executive  committee  of  the  National  Association  held  recently 
at  Chicago. 


January,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


29 


N.  P.  S.  Discusses  Bichloride  Problem. , 


Coroner  Feinberg  Favors  Triple  Check  on  Poisonous  Mercury 
Tablets. 

REGULATION  of  the  sale  of  bichloride  tablets,  and  the 
value  of  organization  were  the  principal  topics  con- 
sidered at  a  slimly  attended  but  interesting  meeting  of 
the  National  Pharmaceutical  Association,  at  the  New  York 
College  of   Pharmacy,   on  Dec.   15. 

Coroner  Feinberg,  of  the  Borough  of  Manhattan,  traced  the 
growth  of  the  use  of  bichloride  of  mercury  as  a  disinfectant, 
and  expressed  himself  in  favor  of  a  distinctive  container,  of 
a  special  color,  holding  tablets  made  of  a  peculiar  and  un- 
mistakable shape  and  surface.  The  bottle  should  be  of  colored 
glass,  so  as  to  be  readily  distinguishable  in  the  daytime,  and 
should  have  a  roughened  surface,  to  insure  protection  in  the 
dark.  The  word  "poison"  should  not  be  put  on  the  tablets 
with  a  rubber  stamp,  but  should  be  heavily  embossed.  The 
tablets  must  be  of  such  a  shape  that  they  will  immediately 
suggest  a  difference  from  all  other  kinds  of  tablets.  Wrapping 
the  tablets  in  paper  is  of  minor  importance,  and  details  as  to 
shape  and  surface  are  of  little  moment,  provided  tlie  above 
general  principles  are  embodied.  There  is  no  advantage  in 
having  a  distinctive  container  and  wrapping,  if  the  tablets 
themselves  are  not  such  as  to  call  the  attention  of  anyone 
who  picks  one  up,  to  the  fact  that  something  unusual  is  in 
his  hand.  The  form  of  container  should  be  agreed  upon  by 
the  manufacturers  all  over  the  country,  and  no  patented  con- 
tainers or  tablets  should  be  used.  Local  propaganda  is  of  no 
avail;  the  movement  must  be  national  in  its  scope,  and  should 
apply  to  all  poisonous  tablets  containing  mercury,  such  as  the 
iodide  and  cyanide.  A  resolution  was  passed  indorsing  Dr. 
Feinberg's  views. 

Mr.  A.  L.  Strouse,  of  the  committee  on  labor  laws,  reported 
that  the  work  of  the  organization  in  securing  the  enforcement 
of  the  State  laws  had  the  hearty  indorsement  of  the  State 
Labor  Department.  It  was  announced  that  a  future  meeting 
would  be  devoted  to  the  consideration  of  the  advisability  of 
affiliating  with  the  .American  Federation  of  Labor.  Mr.  \Vm. 
J.  McNulty,  attorney  for  several  labor  organizations,  thought 
that  no  professional  standing  would  be  lost  by  such  a  step. 
Sunday  closing  was  also  indorsed. 


BALTIMORE   R.D.A. 


Sale  of  Bichloride,  a  Permanent  Secretary,  and  Parcel 
Post  Subjects  Before  This  Body. 

BALTIMORE,  Dec.  20.— Among  the  matters  which  occu- 
pied the  attention  of  the  Baltimore  Retail  Druggists' 
Association  at  its  last  meeting,  an  ordinance  before  the 
City  Council,  which  aims  to  restrict  the  sale  of  bichloride  of 
mercury,  took,  perhaps,  the  leading  place.  The  ordinance  was 
introduced  some  time  ago  by  Councilman  Heller  and  reflects 
the  views  of  the  marshal  of  police  and  other  officials,  who 
urge  that  the  frequency  of  bichloride  of  mercury  being  mis- 
taken for  headache  or  other  remedies  and  the  recurrence  of 
suicides  by  this  means  makes  it  desirable  to  surround  the 
sale  of  the  bichloride  tablets  with  additional  safeguards.  Not 
only  is  the  purchase  to  be  made  more  difficult,  but  some  special 
form  of  container  is  prescribed.  The  druggists,  for  their  part, 
point  out  that  many  of  the  so-called  mistakes  are  not  mistakes 
at  all,  but  attempts  at  suicide,  encouraged  and  stimulated  by 
the  ill-advised  publicity  given  to  the  subject  in  the  daily  papers, 
and  that  no  special  form  of  package  or  additional  restrictions 
will  avail,  while  the  value  of  bichloride  of  mercury  as  an  anti- 
septic makes  it  desirable  that  it  shall  be  readily  accessible  to 
the  public,  the  acts  of  misguided  or  morbid  individuals  being 
no  argument  for  denying  the  people  the  benefits  to  be  derived 
from  the  use  of  the  tablets.  It  was  announced  that  Council- 
man Heller  would  be  present  at  the  next  meeting  to  explain 
his  ordinance,  and  a  special  committee  was  also  appointed  to 
attend  a  hearing  before  the  City  Council  some  time  in  Janu- 
ary, when  the  arguments  of  the  pharmacists  are  to  be  pre- 
sented. This  committee  includes  John  Kelly,  J.  W.  Owings, 
of  the  Hynson,  Westcott  &  Co.;  John  B.  Thomas,  of  the 
Thomas  &  Thompson  Company;  M.  S.  Kahn,  and  Samuel  Y. 
Harris. 

The  benefits  of  close  affiliation  of  the  Baltimore  Association 
with  the  N.A.R.D.  were  pointed  out  by  Mr.  Kahn,  who  was 
a  delegate  at  the  last  annual  meeting  of  the  N.A.R.D.,  and 
who    explained    what    had    been    done    by    the    organization    to 


advance  the  interests  of  the  retailers.  No  formal  action  was 
taken. 

The  extra  labor,  especially  before  the  holidays,  incidental  to 
the  practical  operation  of  the  parcel  post  was  dilated  upon  by 
druggists^  who  have  branch  offices  in  their  stores.  This  work, 
it  was  stated,  had  become  very  onerous,  while  the  druggists 
were  not  getting  any  additional  compensation.  The  suggestion 
was  made  and  strongly  urged  that  the  postal  authorities  be 
appealed  to  for  extra  help,  in  order  that  the  business  of  the 
druggists  might  not  suffer. 

The  advisability  of  employing  a  paid  secretary,  who  shall 
be  at  all  times  in  a  position  to  keep  the  members  informed 
as  to  the  state  of  legislation  in  Congress  and  elsewhere  affect- 
ing their  business,  and  who  shall  keep  in  close  touch  with  other 
developments  of  interest  to  the  profession,  carrying  on  also 
the  work  of  the  association,  will  be  discussed  at  the  next 
meeting  by  Dr.  Pritchard,  secretary  of  the  Pittsburgh  asso- 
ciation, and  by  Mr.  Davis,  of  the  Philadelphia  organization. 
The  suggestion  has  been  made  that  the  work  of  the  Baltimore 
association  has  become  so  complicated  and  heavy  that  it  can 
be  looked  after  effectively  only  by  a  man  who  can  give  all  of 
his  time  to  it. 

The  following  officers  were  re-elected:  President,  R.  E.  Lee 
Williamson,  of  Lee  Williamson  &  Co.;  1st  vice-president,  John 
B.  Thomas,  of  the  Thomas  &  Thompson  Company;  2d  vice- 
president,  J.  A.  Gerlach ;  3d  vice-president,  Charles  Morgan, 
of  Morgan  &  Millard;  corresponding  secretary,  "  Ephraim 
Bacon;  recording  secretary,  Charles  L.  Meyer;  treasurer, 
William  M.  Fouch. 


Chicago  Drug  Club's  "Biggest  Night." 

"Everybody  had  a  good  time."  Brother  Kellett's  slogan  most 
aptly  expresses  the  actual  happenings  at  the  Good  Fellowship 
Night  held  by  the  Chicago  Drug  Club  at  the  Hotel  Bismarck, 
Dec.  15.  More  than  300  loyal  members  gathered  around  the 
festive  board  and  joined  in  the  spirit  of  the  occasion  which 
warms  the  innermost  soul  of  men  at  the  season  of  the  year 
w^hen  brotherly  "love"  and  "charity"  bring  cheer  to  the  heart 
and  fireside.  Business  was  forgotten,  and  after  a  few  appro- 
priate remarks  President  Umenhofer  wished  the  boys  a  Merry 
Xmas  and  a  Happy  New  Year  and  turned  the  meeting  over  to 
Brother  McCracken,  who  acted  as  toastmaster.  Most  nobly 
did  Brother  McCracken  acquit  himself,  and  in  words  that 
expressed  good  fellowship  to  all  present  he  bid  them  welcome 
to  the  Chicago  Drug  Club.  Brother  "Tom"  Potts,  the  thun- 
derbolt of  the  N.A.R.D.,  responded  to  the  request  of  the 
toastmaster  and  gave  the  boys  one  of  his  usual  heart-to-heart 
talks  on  the  manner  in  which  he  felt  we  should  foster  the 
feeling  of  comradeship  in  our  organization.  "Doc"  Pritchard, 
after  being  complimented  on  being  the  handsomest  man  in 
the  room,  arose  to  his  feet  with  a  great  deal  of  trepidation 
and  added  a  few  good  stories  and  stunts  in  mimicry  to  the 
enjoyment  of  the  evening.  Among  the  many  other  members 
who  made  short  but  telling  addresses,  were  Messrs.  Kellett, 
Schwalbe,  "Jim"  Stevenson,  "Matt"  McAnneny  and  R.  D. 
Keim,  who  led  the  boys  in  singing  "O  Tannenbaum !"  After 
a  lively  cabaret  show  during  which  a  splendid  luncheon  and 
liquid  refreshments  were  served,  Gus  Hergert,  our  amiable 
chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee,  who  is  making  a 
record  far  ahead  of  his  predecessors,  played  Santa  Claus  to 
the  boys  and  everybody  took  home  a  souvenir  for  the  "baby." 
Ten  new  members  were  added  to  the  roster,  and  it  is  hoped 
that  every  one  of  the  visitors  present  will  shortly  sign  an  appli- 
cation blank  to  become  one  of  us.  The  year  has  been  a  pros- 
perous one  for  the  club,  and  as  we  ring  out  the  old  and  ring 
in  the  new  we  look  forward  to  brighter  times,  more  good 
fellows  in  our  ranks,  and  wish  you  all  the  compliments  of  the 
season. 


Perfumers,    Soap    and    Extract    Makers. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Perfumers,  Soap  and  E.xtract 
Makers'  Association  was  held  at  Chicago,  Dec.  17.  the  second 
annual  banquet  and  election  being  held  at  Volgensang's  ban- 
quet hall.  The  following  officers  were  elected:  President, 
George  F.  Merrell,  president  of  the  Allen  B.  Wrisley  Company; 
vice-president.  Wood  S.  Raybum,  treasurer  of  the  Raydith 
Perfume  Co.;  secretary  and  treasurer,  Charles  W.  Brown:  ex- 
ecutive committee,  the  officers  and  John  Blocki  and  Harry 
Bartole.  A  feature  of  the  meeting  w^as  the  presentation  of  a 
very  handsome  loving  cup  to  John  Blocki,  the  retiring  presi- 
dent. 


30 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


N.P.S.  Annual  Ball  and  Bazaar  Feb.  24. 

The  National  Pharmaceutical  Society  will  hold  its  annual 
ball  and  bauar  on  Feb.  24  at  the  New  Amsterdam  Opera 
House. 


AMONG   THE   ASSOCIATIONS. 


The  Ohio  XMey  Druggists'  Association  held  its  annual 
election  of  officers  at  the  Sinton  Hotel,  and  the  entire  regular 
ticket  was  elected.  About  200  votes  were  cast.  The  fol- 
lowing officers  were  elected:  Charles  Harding,  president; 
William  C.  Lakamp,  1st  vice-president;  George  E.  Smith,  2d 
vice-president;  John  M.  Fallon,  3d  vice-president;  Fred  S. 
Kotte,  secretarv;  Otto  E.  Kistner,  treasurer;  Henry  J.  Dus- 
terberg,  John  \\'eik  and  Otto  Katz,  members  of  the  Board  of 
Control  of  Hamilton  county,  for  three-year  term;  E.  L.  Peick, 
member  of  the  Board  of  Control  of  Kenton  county,  one  year; 
Ferd  Ott,  member  of  the  Board  of  Control  of  Campbell  county, 
one-year  term,  and  William  Howe,  member  of  the  Board  ol 
Control  for  Butler  county,  one  year.  There  were  some  very 
interesting  talks  given  on  the  new  Duffy  law,  which  regulates 
the  sale  of  opium  and  narcotics.  Dr.  Theodore  Wetterstroem, 
secretary  of  the  O.S.P.A.,  brought  out  the  different  features. 
of  the  new  law,  explaining  every  detail.  Edward  Voss,  Cin- 
cinnati member  of  the  Ohio  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  also 
made  an  interesting  talk.  There  were  members  present  from 
Dayton,  Hamilton,  Middletomi,  Covington,  Newport  and 
Bellevue. 

.•\t  a  meeting  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Iowa  State 
Ph..\.  at  Des  Moines  recently,  the  action  of  the  State  Board 
of  Pharmacy  against  illegal  sellers  of  cocaine  and  similar  drugs 
was  warmly  indorsed.  "The  druggists  of  Iowa  are  against 
that  sort  of  traffic  as  illegitimate,"  said  President  Miller  and 
Secretary  Falkenhainer.  "The  State  board  is  right  and  the 
druggists  are  with  it.  Another  thing  in  which  we  heartily 
indorse  the  board  is  insistence  upon  the  observance  of  the 
law  requiring  a  registered  pharmacist  in  every  drug  store. 
.\  drug  store  without  a  registered  man,  capable  of  dispensing 
drugs  with  intelligence,  is  absurd.  The  board  is  right  there, 
too."  The  e.Kecutive  committee  made  plans  for  the  next  annual 
meeting  of  the  association  at  Burlington  in  June  or  July,  1914. 
Keokuk  and  Burlington  druggists  will  co-operate  for  the  en- 
tertainment of  delegates  and  agents,  and  one  feature  of  the 
meeting  will  be  an  excursion  from  Burlington  to  Keokuk  to 
see  the  big  dam.  The  executive  committee  has  also  arranged 
to  keep  an  organizer  in  the  field  again  this  year.  The  State 
body  now  has  1500  members. 

The  November  meeting  of  the  .A.lumni  Association  of  the 
Department  of  Pharmacy,  Temple  University,  was  devoted  to 
advertising,  a  number  of  advertising  managers  addressing  the 
gathering.  Walter  Lee  Rosenberger,  of  Smith,  Kline  &  French, 
spoke  on  "Advertising  with  the  Co-operation  of  the  Manufac- 
turer"; Bruce  Drysdale,  of  John  Lucas  &  Co.,  Inc.,  explained 
the  methods  of  advertising  which  have  proven  successful,  and 
showed  how  retailers  had  taken  advantage  of  National  adver- 
tising campaigns.  Prof.  Herbert  W.  Hess,  of  the  Wharton 
School  of  Finance,  treated  of  the  general  principles  of  adver- 
tising as  applied  to  the  retail  drug  business.  The  general 
discussion  which  followed  was  opened  by  Prof.  H.  B.  Morse, 
of  the  Pharmacy  Department  of  Temple  University. 

The  November  meeting  of  Boston  Chapter,  No.  1,  W.O.N. 
.\.R.D.,  was  held  at  the  Hotel  Vendome,  and  about  40  mem- 
bers heard  Havrah  W.  C.  Hubbard,  of  the  Boston  Opera 
House,  describe  in  a  most  fascinating  manner  "The  Tales  of 
Hoffman."  His  interpretations  were  very  enjoyable,  and  he 
was  accompanied  at  times  on  the  piano  by  Floyd  M.  Baxter. 
Mrs.  James  W.  Cooper  presided.  At  the  social  hour  following, 
tea  was  poured  by  Mrs.  William  R.  Acheson,  Mrs.  Frank  Con- 
nolly, Mrs.  William  Connor  and  Mrs.  Theodore  J.  Bradley. 
The  servers  were  Mrs.  E.  H.  LaPierre,  Mrs.  Leopold  Bartell, 
Mrs.  Truman  Hayes  and  Miss  Sallie  LaPierre. 

The  St.  Paul  R.D.A.  and  the  St.  Paul  Drug  Club  have  been 
merged  into  one  society  to  be  known  as  the  St.  Paul  Retail 
Druggists'  Association.  The  active  membership  will  be  con- 
fined to  master  druggists,  while  associate  members  will  be 
drawn  from  the  clerks  and  traveling  men.  The  following 
officers  were  elected:  R.  J.  Messing,  president;  Ernest  Otto, 
(st  vice-president;  Frank  W.  Smetena,  2d  vice-president;  H. 
Martin  Johnson,  secretary,  and  W.  St.  Clair,  treasurer.  The 
executive  committee  is  composed  of  W.  Schoel,  chairman;  Her- 
man Ritzke,  C.  A.  Campbell,   C.  J.  Heller  and  J.  P.  Je'mek. 

News  has  been  received  by  the   Cincinnati   Chapter  of  the 


American  Chemical  Society,  that  the  directors  of  the  society  in 
New  York  City  have  decided  to  hold  the  annual  convention  of 
the  organization  in  the  city  of  Cincinnati  some  time  next  April. 
The  exact  dates  have  not  been  selected,  as  yet.  The  local 
chapter,  in  conjunction  with  the  Cincinnati  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce, made  the  effort  to  bring  the  convention  to  the  Queen 
City.  Preparations  will  be  started  at  once  to  make  the  coming 
convention  the  most  successful  ever  held. 

Posture  and  balancing  movements  for  the  development  of 
dormant  brain  cells  were  advocated  by  Mrs.  Theodore  Parsons 
in  an  address  made  to  the  Woman's  Organization  of  the  Chi- 
cago R.D..^.  at  their  December  meeting.  The  subject  of  the 
address  was:  "The  Artistic  and  Scientific  Training  of  the 
Body."  Mrs.  Miles  Geringer  sang,  and  Miss  T.  Filip  read. 
The  meeting  was  in  charge  of  Mrs.  B.  A.  C.  Hoelzer,  Mrs. 
A.  E.  Fechter  and  Mrs.  C.  D.  Collins. 

The  Retail  Drug  Clerks  of  Boston  held  their  first  assembly 
and  dance  in  St.  James  Hall  in  November,  and  the  occasion 
drew  an  attendance  of  several  hundred  persons.  The  commit- 
tee in  charge  consisted  of  William  Stenzel,  Albert  Krause, 
Lester  Clow,  Albert  J.  Thompson,  James  F.  Collins  and  Frank 
Sweeney.  Thomas  T.  Foley  was  floor  marshal,  James  F. 
Collins,  floor  director,  and  William  H.  Quirk  and  George 
Hegarty,  assistants. 

A  pure  drug  exhibit  will  be  a  feature  of  the  meeting  of  the 
Minnesota  Pharmaceutical  Association  in  February,  at  the 
Armory,  Minneapolis.  At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Min- 
neapolis Drug  Club  this  plan  was  outlined,  and  considerable 
discussion  of  features  of  the  meeting  followed.  These  officers 
of  the  Drug  Club  were  elected :  President,  Dr.  Justin  Brewer ; 
vice-presidents,  L.  E.  Schmidley,  C.  L.  Kerr,  H.  J.  Barnett; 
treasurer,  C.  S.  Barrows;  secretary,  E.  V.  Clark. 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Bristol  (Conn.)  Druggists'  Asso- 
ciation Edward  W.  Merriman  was  elected  secretary,  to  take 
the  place  of  Frederick  Calvin  Norton,  who  had  been  secretary 
of  the  association  since  its  organization  in  1904.  As  he  left 
the  drug  business  in  August  he  also  left  the  association.  Bur- 
ton L.  Bennett,  of  the  Bennett-Bull  Drug  Co.,  is  the  president, 
and  the  association  will  hold  a  number  of  social  meetings  this 
Winter  under  his  direction. 

The  Women's  Club  of  the  Allied  Drug  Trade  of  Chicago 
held  its  November  meeting  at  the  Hotel  Sherman,  with  an 
address  by  John  D.  Shoop,  superintendent  of  schools.  Miss 
Florence  Mattem,  soprano,  and  Miss  Lillian  King,  pianist, 
rendered  a  musical  programme.  Mrs.  Gustav  Frank  was  in 
charge  of  the  arrangements. 

Sidney  R.  Wrightington  of  the  Boston  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce, was  the  speaker  at  the  Fall  meeting  and  dinner  of  the 
Boston  Druggists'  Association,  at  Young's  Hotel.  He  took  for 
his  topic:  "What  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  Means  to  Boston." 
President  F.  L.  Carter,  Jr.,  presided,  and  there  were  75  mem- 
bers present. 

About  125  delegates  attended  the  Fall  meeting  of  the  Amer- 
ican Pharmaceutical  Association  at  Minneapolis  in  November, 
with  President  Stewart  Gamble  in  the  chair.  Among  the 
speakers  were  P.  L.  Newcomb,  Dean  F.  J.  Wulling,  C.  H. 
Rogers  and  C.  H.  Huhn.  Plans  for  the  revision  of  drug 
standards  were  discussed. 

The  Southern  Drug  Club,  made  up  of  several  hundred  manu- 
facturers, jobbers  and  representatives  of  drug  and  chemical 
houses,  gave  a  banquet  in  Jacksonville  prior  to  the  opening  of 
the  session  of  the  N.W.D.A.  J.  T.  Doster,  of  Birmingham, 
Ala.,  is  president,  and  John  W.  Dourr,  of  Montgomery,  sec- 
retary. 

The  Montgomery  County  (Ohio)  Pharmaceutical  Associa- 
tion is  defunct,  following  the  resignation  of  the  president  and 
chairman  of  the  executive  committee,  who  were  dominant  fac- 
tors in  the  organization.  It  was  impossible,  they  said,  to  get 
the  druggists  to  attend  meetings. 

Prof.  F.  N.  Strickland  addressed  the  December  meeting  of 
the  Providence  Alumni  Chapter,  Kappa  Psi  fraternity,  of  the 
Rhode  Island  College  of  Pharmacy  and  Allied  Sciences.  His 
subject  was  bacteriology  and  he  explained  the  characteristics  of 
the  various  types,  etc. 

The  Springfield  (111.)  R.D.A.  entertained  the  physicians  of 
that  city  at  a  banquet — a  "fellowship  dinner" — at  the  St. 
Nicholas  Hotel,  Dec.  17.  The  speakers  included  Dr.  Bernard 
Fantus,  of  Chicago,  and  Lee  M.  Pedigo. 

At  the  November  meeting  of  the  Northwestern  branch  of 
the  A. Ph. A.  the  Minneapolis  R.D.A.  members  were  guests 
of  honor.  The  new  anti-narcotic  ordinance  was  the  principal 
topic  of  discussion. 


January,  191-1] 


THE    PHARIMACEUTICAL    ERA 


31 


A  special  meeting  of  the  Lucas  County  (Ohio)  Branch  of 
the  Ohio  Ph. A.  was  held  in  November  at  Toledo  to  discuss 
the  new  laws  governing  the  sale  of  habit-forming  drugs. 

The  St_.  Louis  Branch,  A. Ph. A.,  held  its  November  meeting 
at  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy,  with  a  paper  on  "Phar- 
maceutical Advertising,"   by  J.  A.   Wilkerson. 

The  November  meeting  of  the  Rock  Island  (111.)  Druggists' 
Auxiliary  was  held  at  the  home  of  Mrs.  Harry  Rowe,  41st 
street  and  18th  avenue,  Rock  Island. 

At  the  recent  election  of  the  Ohio  Valley  Druggists'  Asso- 
ciation William  H.  Howe  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Board 
of  Control  for  Butler  county. 

The  Elmira  retail  druggists  have  elected  the  following  of- 
ficers: President,  J.  P.  Kelly;  secretary,  Tom  Gerity;  J.  R. 
Spillane,  treasurer. 

Walter  Bacon,  of  St.  Clair,  Mich.,  has  been  appointed  a 
member  of  the  executive  board  of  the  Ferris  Pharmacy  Alumni 
Association. 

The  Akron  (Ohio)  Drug  Clerks'  Association  held  a  smoker 
in  November  with  a  sociable,  cards  and  refreshments. 

The  Peoria  Retail  Druggists'  Association  held  a  banquet  and 
social  meeting  in  November. 


Schools  and  Colleges 


University  of   Michigan   School   of  Pharmacy. 

The  University  dispensary  service  has  already  proved  of 
great  value  to  the  students.  Little  aches  and  pains  are  no 
longer  left  until  they  become  something  serious,  but  are  at- 
tended to  at  once,  for  the  student  figures  that  he  has  paid  for 
the  medical  attention  and  so,  why  not  receive  it?  The  pre- 
scriptions are  all  filled  by  the  School  of  Pharmacy  free  of 
charge.  Two  hundred  were  filled  during  the  month  of  Novem- 
ber. The  beginning  of  the  second  semester  the  senior  students 
will  derive  the  benefit  of  this  practical  experience  such  as 
cannot  usually  be  obtained  outside  the  best  prescription  stores 
in  the  large  cities. 

Charles  Dillon,  who  entered  this  Fall  with  advance  credit 
from  Albion,  died  Nov.  9,  of  tubercular  spinal  meningitis. 
During  his  short  residence  here  he  made  many  warm  friends 
among   students   and   faculty. 

H.  C.  Eisenman,  B.S.  (Pharm.),  '13,  is  in  the  chemical 
laboratory  of  the  W.  S.  Merrell  Co..  of  Cincinnati. 

The  Prescott  Club  was  very  fortunate  in  obtaining  F.  L. 
Shannon,  B.S.  (Pharm.),  '10,  Michigan  State  analyst,  for 
their  November  meeting.  The  subject  was  "Fakes  and 
Frauds."  It  was  an  illustrated  talk,  and  of  such  general 
interest  that  more  than  200  people  attended. 

Prof.  A.  F.  Schlichting,  B.S.  (Pharm.),  '12,  was  recently 
elected  president  of  the  Chemistry  Club  at  the  North  Dakota 
Agricultural   College. 

Premananda  Das,  B.S.  (Pharm.),  '11,  M.S.  (Pharm.),  '12, 
was  married  to  Miss  Subarna  Prablia  Dutta,  Oct.  6,  in  Cal- 
cutta, India. 


Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  special  lectures  given  this  Fall  and  Winter  at  the 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  have  proved  of  special  in- 
terest, the  following  having  been  presented   recently: 

On  Nov.  24  W.  A.  Nightingale,  of  the  United  States  Navy, 
spoke  on  "The  Pharmacist  in  the  Navy,"  dwelling  upon  the 
life  of  the  sailor  so  that  his  hearers  might  be  familiar  with 
the  conditions  that  meet  a  pharmacist  when  he  enlists.  He 
described  fully  the  sailor's  first  aid  to  the  injured,  the  medical 
treatment  of  the  sick  and  the  sanitary  conditions  of  a  battle- 
ship. His  description  of  the  Hospital  Ship  Solace  and  the 
work  of  the  Hospital  Corps  was  especially  inte.-esting.  All  of 
his  descriptions  were  illustrated  with  a  large  number  of  colored 
lantern  slides.  For  pharmacists  desiring  travel  and  adventure, 
the  Navy  offers  unusual  opportunities.  First  enlistment  must 
be  made  as  a  hospital  apprentice  at  $27.50  per  month,  but 
from  year  to  year  and  by  re-enlistment,  he  may  advance  him- 
self to  the  position  of  Hospital  Steward,  which  pays  from 
$66  to  $120  per  month.  These  salaries  also  include  mainten- 
ance. Mr.  Nightingale  presented  his  subject  very  clearly,  and 
his  humorous  expressions,  acquired  through  nine  years  of 
naval  service,  made  the  lecture  doubly  interesting. 

"The  Cultivation  of  Medicinal-  Plants"  was  the  subject  of 
an   interesting  special   lecture   delivered   by   Fred   A.  Miller,   of 


Eli  Lilly  &  Company,  at  the  college,  Dec.  1.  Mr.  Miller  said 
the  reason  given  lor  the  cultivation  of  medicinal  plants  was 
tlie  scarcity  of  crude  material  and  the  desire  to  improve  the 
quality  of  the  drugs.  The  chief  difficulties  encountered  in 
this  work  are  the  successful  propagation  and  the  procuring  of 
authentic  seeds.  Seeds  are  obtained  from  various  sources, 
such  as  local  collectors,  Agricultural  Experiment  Stations,  the 
waste  and  offal  in  large  shipments  of  the  crude  drug,  and  also 
the  large  seed  merchants.  Weeds  are  the  great  evil  in  raising 
medicinal  plants  as  well  as  in  other  agricultural  fields.  Between 
three  and  four  years  of  experimental  work  have  been  done  on 
digitalis,  belladonna,  hyoscyamus  and  cannabis  indica.  The 
experimental  work  consists  in  chiefly  trying  different  fertilizers 
and  soils  and  also  hybridization.  The  results  on  the  first 
three  of  these  drugs  have  been  very  encouraging  and  real 
harvests  are  now  in  sight.  Cannabis  indica  has  also  shown 
the  possibility  of  successful  cultivation.  Mr.  Miller  showed 
a  few  slides  of  fields  on  which  actual  crops  of  these  drugs 
were  being  successfully  cultivated. 

The  fifth  special  lecture  was  given  at  the  college  Dec.  8  by 
Prof.  W.  A.  Pearson,  of  the  Smith,  Kline  &  French  Co.'s 
physiological  laboratories.  Professor  Pearson  introduced  his 
subject,  "The  Physiological  Testing  of  Drugs,"  by  stating  that 
in  the  future  the  cultivation  of  drugs  would  be  the  basis  of 
manufacturing  pharmaceuticals.  He  explained  the  mechanism 
of  kymographs  and  string  galvanometers,  illustrating  by  means 
of  lantern  slides  their  mode  of  operation  and  the  results  ob- 
tained. .After  a  brief  review  of  the  research  work  on  digitalis, 
Professor  Pearson  pointed  out  the  fallacy  of  attempting  to 
chemically  assay  a  drug  with  such  a  varied  and  complex  com- 
position. In  speaking  of  the  frog  method  for  testing  digitalis 
preparations,  he  commented  on  all  the  objections  offered  against 
this  method,  but  expressed  his  opinion  that  the  recent  adop- 
tion of  a  standard  solution  of  strophanthin  or  ouabain  for 
comparison  of  results  eliminated  these  objections,  especially 
because  of  the  practicability  of  the  method.  The  guinea-pig 
and  cat  methods  w-ere  thoroughly  explained,  and  in  concluding 
his  lecture,  Professor  Pearson  showed  the  heart  action  of 
dig'talis  and  strophanthus  upon  an  anesthetized  dog  by  means 
of  the  kymograph. 


University    of    Illinois    School    of    Pharmacy. 

The  senior  class  has  organized  and  elected  officers  as  fol- 
lows: Presdent,  Ralph  Thompson;  vice-president,  T.  Ewing; 
secretary,  Harry  Goldstine;  treasurer,  Miss  Vavra ;  sergeant-at- 
arms,   Philip  Hildebrand. 

Forrest  O.  Snyder,  Ph.C,  '13,  has  taken  a  position  with 
Armour  &  Co.  The  demand  for  young  men  who  have  a 
knowledge  of  pharmaceutical  chemistry  is  indicated  by  the  fact 
that  four  of  the  pharmaceutical  chemists  and  four  of  the 
graduates  in  pharmacy  of  this  school  are  now  employed  with 
Armour  &  Co.  Five  of  these  alumni  are  employed  in  one 
department,  of  which  Clemence  Zimmerman,  Ph.C,  is  assistant 
superintendent. 

The  1913  convention  of  Kappa  Psi  Fraternity  was  held  in 
Chicago,  Nov.  26,  27,  28  and  29,  with  headquarters  at  LaSalle 
Hotel.  The  convention  was  given  under  the  auspices  of  Chi 
Chapter  (University  of  Illinois  School  of  Pharmacy),  Phi 
Chapter  (Northwestern  University  School  of  Pharmacy)  and 
the  Chicago  Alumni  Chapter.  A  large  attendance  of  delegates 
and  visitors  was  present  from  the  40  chapters  located  through- 
out the  country. 


Dept.  of  Pharmacy,  University  State  of  New  Jersey. 

The  exterior  as  well  as  the  interior  of  the  University  of  the 
State  of  New  Jersey,  in  Jersey  City,  have  been  reconstructed 
and  remodeled  within  the  last  few  months.  The  lecture  room 
has  been  enlarged  and  four  laboratories  have  been  fully 
equipped  with  modern  apparatus  and   appliances. 

To  celebrate  this  event,  and  to  show  the  pharmacists  and  the 
friends  of  the  institution  the  changes  which  have  taken  place, 
a  reception  was  held  at  the  colleee  buildings,  Oct.  31.  The 
president  of  the  universUy,  James  E.  Pope,  presided  and  spoke 
favorably  of  the  transformation.  The  Hon.  Henry  Snyder, 
superintendent  of  the  public  schools  of  Jersey  City,  who  has 
made  a  national  reputation  in  the  improvement  of  the  school 
system,  complimented  the  university  on  the  improvements  of 
t'^P  Kiiildings  as  well  as  the  laboratories  and  also  the  enlarged 
faculty. 

David  Strauss,  president  of  the  New  Jersey  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  spoke  on  the  value  of  a  college  education  for  phar- 
macists   and    impressed    those    present    with    the    fact,    that    a 


32 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[Januakv,  1S314 


college  education  would  soon  become  a  necessity  in  Iv'ew 
Jersey. 

Dr.  B.  S.  Pollak,  former  professor  of  hygiene  in  the  De- 
[lartnieiit  of  Pharmacy,  complimented  the  institution  on  the 
great  improvements  in  the  buildings  as  well  as  in  the  faculty 
since  the  early  days  of  the  university. 

Dr.  Samarclli,  a  graduate  of  the  college,  presented  a  silver 
cup,  which  is  to  be  given  to  Uie  graduate  who  makes  the  best 
examination  in  organic  chemistry. 

Prof.  J.  Leon  Lascoff  donated  a  silk  flag  to  the  college. 

Edward  Zink,  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  delivered  an  educational 
and  scientific  lecture,  showing  the  manufacture  of  pharma- 
ceutical preparations  in  their  laboratory.  This  lecture  was 
illustrated  with  stereopticon  slides  and  also  moving  pictures 
taken  directly  from  the  Lilly  laboratories. 

Refreshments  were  served  after  the  reception  and  the  build- 
ings and  laboratories,  which  were  in  full  working  order,  were 
inspected  by  the  visitors. 


New  Orleans  College  of  Pharmacy  Notes. 

.•\  change  has  been  made  this  session  in  the  method  of 
conducting  the  examinations,  and  in  the  future  monthly  ex- 
aminations will  take  the  place  of  the  preliminary  exams 

The  books  of  the  session  closed  on  Nov.  1.,  with  an  enroll- 
ment of  SO.  There  are  nine  Cubans  and  one  Costa  Rican 
enrolled  as  pupils. 

On  Dec.  2  a  lantern  and  moving-picture  exhibition  was 
given  by  Prof.  Wright,  showing  the  manufacture  of  phar- 
maceuticals in  the  laboratories  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.  The  drug- 
gists of  the   city   were   invited   to   attend. 

The  students  of  the  College  of  Pharmacy  and  the  University 
proper  are  getting  up  a  boat  ride  to  take  place  the  night  of 
Jan.  9.  They  are  looking  forward  with  a  great  deal  of  interest 
to  this  affair  and  competition  is  very  keen  among  them  in  the 
sale  of  tickets. 

Both  classes  have  held  elections  for  respective  officers. 


College  of  Pharmacy,  State  TTniversity  of  Iowa. 

I.  H.  Pierce,  '12,  has  accepted  a  position  on  the  instructional 
staff  at  tlie  Washington  Agricultural  College  at  Pullman,  Wash. 

At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Mortar  and  Pestle  Club  Prof. 
Zada  JI.  Cooper  read  a  paper  on  "Personal  Name  Synonyms." 

Christmas  vacation  began  on  the  evening  of  Dec.  19,  con- 
tinuing until  Jan.  5,  when  all  classes  will  be  resumed  at  noon. 

.At  a  meeting  of  the  faculty  of  the  College  of  Pharmacy  on 
Dec.  4,  a  motion  prevailed  that  they  recommend  to  the  presi- 
dent and  Board  of  Education  that  beginning  with  September, 
1915,    entrance   requirements  be  raised  to  high-school  graduation. 


University  of  Oklalioma  School  of  Pharmacy. 

The  Christmas  holidays  were  quite  long  this  year,  begin- 
ning Dec.  19,  and  ending  Jan.  5.  Nearly  all  of  the  out-of-town 
students  took  advantage  of  the  opportunity  to  visit  the  folks 
at  home. 

.•\  new  typewriter  is  a  recent  acquisition  in  Dean  Stocking's 
office.  The  dean  has  spent  many  anxious  moments  in  trying 
to  find  the  right  key,  and  has  just  about  decided  to  let  the 
stenographer  write  his  letters. 

About  25  students,  accompanied  by  Dean  Stocking,  visited 
the  large  wholesale  establishment  of  Alexander  Drug  Co.,  at 
Oklahoma  City  recently.  The  boys  were  very  cordially  received 
and  spent  both  a  pleasant  and  profitable  morning  studying  the 
wholesale  side  of  drug  life. 

The  faculty  and  the  students  of  the  School  of  Pharmacy 
were  entertained  through  the  courtesy  of  Messrs.  Eli  Lilly  & 
Co.,  with  a  very  interesting  set  of  moving-picture  views  of  the 
Lilly  plant  at  the  Empress  Theater  in  Oklahoma  City  Dec.  20. 


NEWS  PROM   SCHOOL   AND   COLLEGE. 


The  University  of  Saskatchewan  has  added  a  course  in 
pharmacy,  with  lectures  to  begin  Jan.  6  and  close  in  April. 
This  step  is  in  accord  with  an  agreement  between  the  univer- 
sity and  the  pharmaceutical  association.  The  university  course 
is  to  prepare  candidates  for  the  final  examinations  required 
for  the  license  to  practice  pharmacy.  The  association  has 
agreed  to  exempt  from  their  preliminary  and  final  examinations 
all  students  who  take  the  course  in  pharmacy  at  the  university 
and  who  pass  the  final  examinations  there,  provided  that  the 
•course  is  approved  by  the  pharmaceutical  council  and  that  the 


e.xaniinatiuns  arc  equivalent  to  theirs.  I'or  the  current  session 
instruction  in  pharmacy  and  dispensing  will  be  given  by 
A.  Campbell;  in  materia  niedica  and  prescriptions,  by  T.  A. 
Rague;  in  chemistry,  by  Professor  MacLaurin;  in  botany, 
by  Professor  Willing.  The  staff  will  consist  of  W.  C.  Murray, 
LL.D.;  president,  Geo.  H.  Ling,  P.D.D.;  R.  D.  MacLaurin, 
P.D.;  professor  of  chemistry,  Thos.  N.  Willing;  professor  of 
botany,  A.  Campbell;  lecturer  in  pharmacy  and  dispensing, 
T.  A.  Argue;  lecturer  in  materia  medica  and  prescriptions, 
A.  R.  Weir,  B..\.,  registrar.  The  subjects  of  the  final  examina- 
tions are  pharmacy,  dispensing,  materia  medica,  prescriptions, 
chemistry  and  botany. 

The  .Ulanta  College  of  Pharmacy  started  the  present  session 
on  Oct.  6  in  its  new  home,  especially  modeled  for  its  purposes, 
at  253-255  Courtland  street.  The  institution  not  only  has  a 
building  of  its  own,  splendidly  arranged  for  its  purposes,  but 
a  large  half-acre  lot,  practically  in  the  business  part  of  the 
city  and  very  convenient  to  everything. 


The  Druggists'  National  Home. 

AT  a  recent  meeting  of  the  trustees  of  the  Druggists' 
National  Home  at  Palmyra,  Wis.,  it  was  decided  that  a 
fee  of  $5  to  join  and  ifl  a  year  be  asked  from  every 
druggist,  and  that  a  general  effort  be  made  to  induce  druggists 
to  become  members  of  the  Home  association.  A  committee  of 
three — of  which  J.  J.  Kearney,  of  Chicago,  is  the  chairman — 
was  appointed  to  bring  about  the  financing  of  the  Home,  and 
to  bring  the  matter  before  the  National  Wholesale  Druggists' 
Association  at  the  annual  meeting  of  that  body  at  Jacksonville, 
Fla.,  last  month.  Thanksgiving  Day  was  appointed  for  a 
Thanksgiving   donation  from   all  the   druggists  of  the   country. 

A  number  of  changes  were  suggested  in  the  regulations  of 
the  Home,  notably  that  admission  to  its  privileges  be  regulated 
by  the  age  of  the  applicant  and  the  time  he  had  been  in  the 
drug  business,  so  as  to  give  the  most  deserving  the  first 
opportunity. 

BUT — the  Home  needs  money!  .Such  an  institution  as  this 
is  planned  to  be,  a  real  home  for  the  aged  and  infirm  druggist, 
requires  constant  support,  a  dependable  source  of  incom>;.  Were 
there  a  sufficient  number  of  wealthy  druggists  who  could  see 
the  advisability  of  joining  together  to  provide  an  endowment 
fund,  the  interest  of  which  would  serve  to  pay  the  bills  for 
maintenance,  etc.,  the  plans  of  the  trustees  could  be  carried  out 
in  detail  to  the  inestimable  benefit  of  wornout  druggists  in  all 
sections  of  the  country. 

Apparently  such  an  endowment  from  such  a  source  is  not 
possible,  although  there  have  been  a  number  of  very  handsome 
donations  from  prominent  firms.  Hence  the  next  and  most 
natural  step  is  to  secure  the  support  of  the  druggists  of  the 
country  as  a  body. 

If  every  druggist  in  the  country  would  pay  at  one  time  the 
small  sum  of  $5  and  every  drug  clerk  the  sum  of  $1,  the 
Home  would  be  placed  on  a  self-supporting,  self-respecting 
basis.  There  should  be  no  necessity  for  this  constant  appeal 
for  funds  to  meet  already  contracted  liabilities. 

The  Home  is  your  institution — you  are  at  liberty  to  visit  it 
and  utilize  its  decided  advantages.  It  is  not  a  money-making 
institution,  but  a  haven  for  the  men  of  our  craft  who  have 
labored  long  and  earnestly  for  the  common  weal.  By  sup- 
porting the  Home  you  are  doing  your  part  not  only  to  provide 
for  those  who  have  fallen  by  the  wayside  through  age  or  illness 
or  infirmity.  To  paraphrase  a  famous  saying,  "There  but  for 
the  mercy  of  God  lie  I" — and  no  one  of  us  knows  when  he 
may  be  glad  to  have  such  a  veritable  rest  haven  to  which  to 
turn. 

The  Era  from  the  first  has  appealed  for  the  united  support 
of  the  craft  toward  the  complete  fulfilment  of  the  plans  of 
the  founders  of  this  institution,  and  we  are  deeply  in  earnest 
when  we  repeat — in  spirit  if  not  in  the  same  words — "No 
better  use  can  be  made  of  a  $5  bill  by  any  druggist  than  its 
contribution  to  the  trustees  of  the  Druggists'  National  Home." 
It  may  not  be  bread  upon  the  waters,  for  all  will  not  be  forced 
to  turn  for  aid  to  this  really  philanthropic  institution,  but  its 
return  will  be  a  hundredfold  in  happiness,  comfort  and  renewed 
faith,  in  such  beneficiaries  as  the  bounty  of  the  druggists  of 
this  country  enables  to  enjoy  freedom  from  worry,  the  best  of 
care  and  real  home  comforts  in  one  of  the  beauty  spots  of  the 
Middle  West. 

Send  that  $5  today,  Superintendent  Heimstreet  will  be  de- 
lighted to  acknowledge  its  receipt. 


Januaky,  1914] 


THE    PHARAIACEUTICAL    ERA 


33 


Board  Examinations 


Arkansas. 

LITTLE  ROCK,  Dec  20.— At  the  recent  meeting  of  the  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  the  following  were  successful  in  passing  their 
examinations,  29  in   all   including  one   woman: 

John  Bruner,  Nashville;  John  T.  Puckett,  Franklin;  Wyatt  Craw- 
ford, Benton;  J.  E.  Turner,  Hot  Springs;  A.  B.  Coger,  St.  Paul; 
W.  C.  Beldinglield,  Pettigrew;  A.  O.  P.  Nickerson,  Benton;  W.  C. 
Cruce,  Monticello;  A.  J.  Seeman,  Little  Rock;  Henry  Frick,  Jr., 
Little  Rock;  Henry  Stamper,  Little  Rock;  John  Parback,  Little 
Rock;  C.  J.  Walker,  Little  Rock;  Jesse  Herrod.  Little  Rock;  F.  C. 
Burch,  Little  Rock;  G.  C.  Gilliam,  Des  Arc;  H.  W.  Johnson,  Hot 
Springe;  W.  B.  Allen,  Hot  Springs;  R.  H.  Verser,  Searcy;  W.  B. 
Walsh,  Crossett;  H.  C.  Overstreet,  Argenta;  Clarence  Marsh,  Pres- 
cott;  W.  F.  Alexander,  Dierks;  W.  A.  Thomas,  Eldorado;  E.  D. 
Gaughey,  Hartford;  R.  E.  Foster,  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  Miss  Anna- 
bell  Wilson,  Wichita,  Kan.;  S.  Y.  Palmer,  Shreveport,  La.;  W.  O. 
Riggins,  Vinson,  La. 


Florida. 
PALATKA,  Dec,  20.— The  Board  of  Pharmacy  for  the  State  of 
Florida  will  meet  for  the  examination  of  applicants  for  registra- 
tion as  pharmacists  in  the  Board  of  Health  Building,  Jacksonville, 
commencing  at  9  a.m.,  Jan.  20,  and  continuing  for  two  days.  It  is 
required  that  applicants  be  at  least  18  years  of  age  and  that  they 
present  proof  of  four  years'  experience  in  the  practice  of  phar- 
macy, time  spent  in  a  college  of  pharmacy  to  be  credited  as  such. 
Applications  must  be  filed  in  this  office  five  days  prior  to  the 
examination.     Fee  for  examination,  $15.00. 


Illinois. 

SPRINGFIELD,  Dec.  S.— At  the  meeting  of  the  Illinois  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy,  held  in  Chicago  Nov.  18-20,  33  of  the  93  candi- 
dates for  registered  pharmacist,  23  of  the  applicants  for  assistant 
pharmacist  and  one  of  the  three  candidates  for  local  registration 
passed  successful   examinations.     Their  names  follow: 

Registered  Pharmacists — David  Baxter,  Harold  P.  Dereby,  Edwin 
B.  Douglas,  Joseph  E.  Dubsky,  D.  E.  Finkelstein,  Wm.  Garside, 
V.  M.  Gaskins,  Peter  J.  Gowens,  John  M.  Hart,  C.  A.  Hulden, 
S.  M.  Kolar,  Louis  C.  Kivitek,  Wm.  A.  Lee,  S.  M.  MesirofF,  Chester 
A.  Milewski,  Henry  S.  Mesirow,  Clinton  B.  Painter,  Leon  R. 
Radomski,  H.  T.  Schantz-Hansen,  Albin  J.  Stritesky,  Walter 
Swiecinski,  Harry  A.  Taylor,  Dvora  Veselaia,  Alexander  Webster. 
E.  R.  Williams,  Bernard  Zak  and  Vikter  Zucker,  all  of  Chicago, 
and  H.  V.  Cleveland,  Grayslake;  Leon  H.  Dewey,  Madison,  Wis.; 
J.  J.  Garrity,  Spring  Valley;  Sophie  C,  Michels,  El  Paso;  Guy  L, 
Pulley,    Marion;    Reuben    W.    Walther,    Peru. 

Assistant  Pharmacists — Frank  J.  Chmatal,  Arthur  A.  Dahms,  A, 
H.  Erickson,  Nicholas  Engels,  Chas.  H.  Grund,  Jr.,  Earl  P.  Haney, 
L.  E.  Irvine,  J.  G.  Jordan,  J.  J.  Kaczkowski,  Frank  V.  Kara, 
John  Krizan,  G.  D.  Lavieri,  Henry  C.  Maynard,  Anton  Nesnidal, 
Peter  Patlogan,  S.  S.  Petrulis,  Michael  Schwetz,  Robt.  B.  Sherry, 
Adrian  Ton,  Lillian  Vorsanger,  all  of  Chicago,  and  Warren  B. 
McCabe,  Rushville;  Joe  K.  Oetzel,  Danville;  Albert  Schreiner,  Jr., 
Batavia. 

Local    Registered   Pharmacist — Bertram  J.    Hooper,   Lake   Villa. 

The  following  passed  the  mid-month  examination  held  at  Spring- 
field: 

Registered  Pharmacists — H.  V.  Cleveland,  Gray's  Lake;  Leon  H. 
Dewey,  Madison;  J.  J.  Garrity,  Spring  Valley;  Sophie  C.  Michels, 
El   Paso;  Guy  L.    Pulley,   Marion;    Reuben  W.   Walther,   Peru. 

Assistant  Pharmacists — Warren  B.  McCabe,  Rushville;  Joe  K. 
Oetzel,  Danville;  Albert  Schreiner,  Jr.,  Batavia. 

Local   Registered  Pharmacist — Bertram  J.   Hooper,  Lake  Villa. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  board  for  the  examination  of  applicants 
for  registered  pharmacist  and  assistant  pharmacist  will  be  held  in 
Springfield  on  Jan.   20. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  board  in  Chicago  for  the  examination 
of  applicants  for  registered  pharmacist  will  be  held  on  March  10 
and  on   March   12,  1914,   for  applicants  for  assistant  pharmacist. 

The  next  apprentice  examinations  throughout  the  State  will  be 
held  on  January  2. 


Iowa, 

DES  MOINES,  Dec.  20.— Only  30  out  of  92  who  took  the  State 
pharmacy  examination  before  the  board  succeeded.  Those  who 
got  certificates  as   registered   pharmacists  were: 

H.  L.  Piatt,  Anamo.sa;  C.  R.  Machogan,  Dyersville;  Wilbur 
Cook,  Sigourney;  Charles  Copeland,  Lenox;  J.  W.  Auld,  Cedar 
Falls;  J.  M.  Sturdivant.  Cincinnati ;  Edward  T.  Sickel,  Cedar 
Rapids;  Karl  Werner.  Milton;  Will  Dreyer,  Aplington;  Herman 
King,  Coin ;  ^.  S.  Foster,  Malvern;  Adelbert  Holt.  Oskaloosa; 
James  V.  P.  Moran.  Le  Mars;  E.  J.  Bohninger,  Des  Moines;  A.  E, 
Engler.  Dyersville ;  D.  L.  Arkwright,  Scranton ;  Ernest  Rosenthal, 
Decorah;  M.  G.  McMurray.  Janesville;  Edward  G.  Herring,  Water- 
loo; Homer  P.  Smelz.  Glen  wood:  A.  E.  Schroeder,  Dubuaue; 
Roland  A.  Miller,  Hancock;  Earl  Mady,  Shelby;  lay  M.  Griffith. 
Des  Moines;  Roy  Laughlin.  Des  Moines;  Fred  Darville,  Des 
Moines;  H.  D.  Irish,  Des  Moines;  Emory  Miller.  Des  Moines; 
Ernest   W.   Westphal,   Olin;   Lawrence  McNaraee,    Sioux   City. 


Kansas. 

KANSAS  CITY,  Dec.  20.— The  third  quarterly  meeting  of  the 
Kansas  Board  was  held  in  Kansas  City  Nov.  12  and  13,  at  which 
tinie  there  were  51  applicants  in  attendance  for  the  examinations. 
Of  this  number  19  were  successful  and  received  certificates  as 
follows: 

Marl  M.  Robbins.  Fredonia;  Montie  Nelson,  Lenora:  Lida  Horr, 
Frankfort;  B.  E.  Taylor.  McCune:  Otto  H.  Munper.  Athol ;  Lois 
Ellen  Evans.  Republic;  Glenn  S.  Maddux.  Onaga;  Edward  Goyette, 
Elsmore;  Frank  W.  Ainsworth,  Eureka;   Roy  S.  Gillespie,  Reserve; 


Ray  G.  Samuel,  Baldwin;  Chas.  W.  Yoder,  Haddam;  Joe  J.  Gor- 
ham,  Cawker  City ;  Frederick  A.  Beyer,  Kansas  City ;  Geo.  R. 
Belshaw,  Jr.,  Seneca;  Henry  W.  Dillard,  Kansas  City;  Phillip  C. 
Pfalzgrof,  Kansas  City;  Joe  L.  Cherry,  Liberal;  George  E.  Coulter, 
Potter. 

The  next  quarterly  meeting  of  the  board  will  be  held  in  Wichita, 
Feb.  11  and  12,  1914,  beginning  at  9  a.m.  Those  desiring  to  take 
the  examination  should  notify  the  secretary  at  least  five  days 
before   the   date  of  meeting. 


Louisiana. 

NEW  ORLEANS, -Dec.  20.— Edward  H.  Walsdorf,  secretary  of 
the  Louisiana  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  has  compiled  the  results 
of  the  examination  recently  held  at  the  Tulane  University  for 
certificates  as  registered  pharmacists  and  qualified  assistants. 

There  were  18  applicants.  Dalph  Donaway,  of  New  Orleans,  was 
awarded  a  certificate  as  registered  pharmacist.  Those  awarded 
certificates  as  qualified  assistants  were  George  McDuff,  of  New 
Orleans,   and   B.    B.   Kennedy,   of   Pinola,   Miss. 

The  various  branches  are  under  the  direction  of  the  following: 
Gus  Seeman,  chairman,  pharmacy;  Paul  Eckels,  materia  medica; 
Peter  Rupp,   practical  work;   Frank  J.   Simon,   chemistry. 


Massacliusetts, 

BOSTON,  Dec.  20. — The  following  have  successfully  passed  the 
examinations  of  the  State  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy,  and 
have    been   granted    certificates    as    registered    pharmacists: 

Thomas  H.  Fox.  Holyoke;  Joseph  C.  Viera.  New  Bedford; 
Rudolph  Bellefeuille,  Fall  River;  Stuart  B.  Hawley.  Boston; 
Maurice  Penn,  Lawrence;  Charles  Anastasia,  Boston;  Harry  W. 
Baker,  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  Frederic  T.  Browne,  Jr.,  New  Bedford; 
David  J.  Byrne,  Mattapan;  John  J.  Creeden,  Maiden;  Frances  P. 
Codduhu,  Springfield;  Cyrus  D.  Hakes,  New  York  City;  George 
Mazel,  Lynn;  Paul  Mongeau.  Indian  Orchard;  William  J.  McCon- 
non,  Wellesley;  Abraham  Troupin,  Boston;  George  H.  Hooper, 
Brookline;  Walter  J.  Gilbride,  Lowell;  Zachary  Zarsky.  Boston; 
Louis  H.  Dubois,  Lowell;  Gilbert  J.  Healy,  Wellington;  Hermann 
T.  Hemmen,  South  Boston;  Harry  Jaffe,  Fitchburg;  Harry  I. 
Korobkin,  Newtonville;  Matthew  Lang,  Somerville;  Clement  M. 
Lussier,    New    Bedford. 

Assistant's   certificates   have  been   granted  to  the  following: 

Sylvia  Gorshel,  Chelsea;  Edward  M.  Bartley,  Whitinsville; 
Carlo  Smiraglta,  New  York;  Clarence  A.  Ahlquist,  Lynn;  Joseph 
H.  Cooney,  Boston;  Ovide  A.  Dumas.  Worcester;  Albert  E.  Hunt, 
Holyoke;  Miss  Helen  M.  Rose,  Quincy;  Fred  E.  Therrien,  New 
Bedford;  Francesco  Villari,  Bridgeport,  Conn.;  Paul  J.  Worcester, 
West  Somerville ;  Moses  Berlant.  Boston ;  Frank  M.  Gaffney, 
Leominster;  Joseph  A.  Lamothe.  Holvoke;  William  H.  McDevitt, 
Salem;  Temple  A.  Corson.  New  Bedford;  James  G.  Elkind.  Worces- 
ter; Simon  Michaelson,  East  Boston;  Walter  L.  O'Brien,  Worcester; 
Humbert  G.  A.  M.  Rossi,  Boston;  Felix  R.  Scanlon,  East  Boston; 
Miss  Minna  Seiniger,   Boston;  Jacob  Titiev,   Brooklyn,   N.   Y. 


New  York  State  Penalties. 
The  number  of  penalties  paid  the   New  York  State  Board   during 
the  month  of  November,   also   the   character  of  violations,   follows: 

Adulterated   and   deficient   prescriptions 2 

Adulterated    and   deficient    Pharmacopoeial   products  2 

Junior  violation    1 

Unlicensed   dealers   selling   prohibited   drugs 2 

Label   violation    1 

Total     8  cases 


North    Carolina. 

RALEIGH,  Dec.  20.— At  a  meeting  of  the  North  Carolina  Board 
of  Pharmacy  at  Raleigh,  Nov.  18-19,  for  the  examination  of  candi- 
dates to  practice  pharmacy,  out  of  a  class  of  46,  38  whites  and  8 
colored,  the  following  15  were  successful: 

Brem  Bonner,  Hickory;  Joe  B.  Haymore,  Mt.  Airy;  Thos.  E. 
Holding,  Jr.,  Wake  Forest;  Edgar  B.  Mayberry,  Charlotte;  John 
A.  Zeigler,  Marshville;  Lonnie  W.  Murphey,  Raleigh;  Guyton  Hall, 
Asheville;  Edgar  T.  Beddingfield,  Raleigh;  John  F.  Simpson, 
Raleigh;  Carl  W.  Davis.  Greensboro;  Hector  B.  McPhaul.  Lumber- 
ton;  Clifton  C.  Munday,  Statesville,  N.  C;  William  M.  Folkes, 
Rockingham;  William  B.  Ramsey  (colored),  Greensboro;  Detroit 
D.   Johnson    (colored),    Raleigh. 

The  board  agreed  to  add  to  their  present  examinations  a  branch 
in  Practical  Pharmacy  to  be  inaugurated  at  their  next  meeting, 
which  will  be  held  on  Tuesday,  June  9.  The  board  also  decided 
to  hold  all  of  their  meetings  in  the  future  at  Raleigh,  instead  of 
holding  the  Summer  meeting  at  the  same  place  as  the  association. 


Pennsylvania. 

PHILADELPHIA,  Dec.  20.— At  the  examinations  given  by  the 
State  Pharmaceutical  Examining  Board  in  Pittsburgh  and  Phila- 
delphia, on  Nov.  7  and  8,  63  persons  applied  for  registration  as 
pharmacist.  Thirty-three  passed  the  examinations  and  30  failed. 
Of  the  153  applicants  for  qualified  assistant  pharmacist  certificates, 
110  were  successful  and  43  failed.  The  names  of  those  successful 
were   as  follows: 

Pharmacists— James  C.  Alexander,  George  L.  McMillin  and 
William  H.  Lysscomb.  of  Pittsburgh;  Albert  L.  Kossler.  Crafton; 
Harry  J.  Garvey.  Charleroi;  Walter  W.  Siegel,  Erie;  Charles  R. 
George,  Junjata;  Michael  Strozzi,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  George  W.  Carey, 
Harry  E.  Casey,  M.  Beatrice  (Tomber.  Arthur  J.  Durand,  Alfred 
M.  Evans,  Leonora  G.  Fetters.  Meyer  S.  Glauser.  Ralph  A.  Hurley, 
Aaron  Lipschutz.  Michael  J.  Mandarino.  Pilibos  Movsesian.  Charles 
A.  McBride,  all  of  Philadelphia;  Earle  O.  Bong  and  Alvin  H. 
Kern,  of  Allen  town;  Howard  J.  Koch,  Coopersburg;  Agnes  Du- 
voisin.  Clifton  Heights;  Fanny  Ferry.  Freeland;  Wilford  G. 
Stauffer,  New  Holland;  Lloyd  P.  Griesemer  and  C.  Raymond 
Mover,  of  Reading;  Harold  A.  McKean.  Ridley  Park;  John  J. 
Bridgeman,  Jr.,  West  Chester;  Marvin  A.  Shales.  Wilkes-Barre; 
John   F.    Keppler.   WilHamsport;  Jan    S.   Jorczak,   Thorndike,   Mass. 

Qualified    Assistants^Arthur    L.    Baer,    Ernest    Davies,    Lee    A. 


34 


THE    PHARxMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


DoiuUson.  George  M.  Gillen.  Leo.  F.  Jerome,  James  J.  Klavon, 
William  J.  Kirsch,  Theodore  \V.  McDcnnoit,  John  \\ .  Kouzer, 
Howard  A.  Ward,  all  of  Pittsburgh:  William  H.  Seeds,  Alioona; 
Elmer  Itierwirtb,  Bellevue;  Clyde  T.  Keed,  Butler;  Charles  H. 
Lee,  Charleroi;  Leslie  K.  Davics,  Craitoii;  Martin  Kovacs,  S. 
Potter  Brown,  Jr.,  J.  V.  Slcrhenson,  Jr.,  Greensburg;  Harold 
Marsh,  Irwin;  Gus  A.  Bitner,  Jeannette;  Carl  J.  Dumeyer,  Johns- 
town; Henry  D.  Primas.  Lock  No.  4;  George  A.  Herd,  Connells- 
viUe;  John  B.  Torry,  Cambridge  Springs;  Stanley  A.  Guskea, 
Monongahela;  Edward  H.  Hoak,  Elmer  Thomas,  McKeesport; 
Uaniel  Kovacs,  McKees  Rocks;  Cecil  Anthony,  Natrona;  Harry  L. 
Miller,  Washington;  Glenn  B.  Hamilton,  •  Pairmount,  W.  V  a. ; 
James  A.  Archibald,  Wheeling,  W.  Va.;  Leon  H.  Anthony,  M. 
Lewis  Augenblick,  Louis  N.  Blauslein,  J.  William  Bright,  Samuel 
M.  Chenkin,  Benjamin  Cohen,  Parker  B.  Creep,  William  Eidelson, 
Isaac  S.  Gadol,  John  H.  Gralnick,  Paul  L.  Hartnctt,  William 
Hendrie,  John  W.  Holloway,  Abraham  Hurwitz,  Morris  Kabacoff, 
Louis  Kron,  Matthew  L  Lasley,  Owen  B.  Law,  Michael  Meisel, 
George  N.  Netsky,  Everett  J.  Roberts,  John  A.  Ruplis,  Harry  M. 
Sagoskv,  Morris  Senn,  Robert  J.  Stewart,  Charles  F.  Sicglried, 
Harvey  A-  Sbiley,  Edith  Schofield,  David  L.  Subin,  Walter  Weid- 
ler  and  Joseph  L.  Wilder,  all  of  Philadelphia;  Vincent  P.  O'Neill, 
Ashland;  Samuel  A.  Tretheway,  Boyertown;  Harold  Schoonover, 
Carbondale;  Fred  L.  Carn,  Claysburg;  Paul  F.  Houser  and  Harry 
W.  Null,  Chambersburg;  Lester  Y.  Brendle  and  Raymond  G. 
Gibnev,  CoatcsviUe;  John  E.  Collins,  Conshohocken;  Walter  R. 
Scher,'  Dushore:  Chalmer  J.  Durand,  Easton;  Alpheus  W.  Resser, 
East  Berlin;  Earl  S.  Gottschall,  Eddystone;  Laroy  L.  I'enny- 
packer,  Fort  Washington;  John  A.  Fiscel,  Gettysburg;  Calvin  E. 
Bell,  Huntingdon;  Joshua  Israel,  Lawndale;  J.  Waiter  Shaffer, 
William  H.  Snyder,  Lebanon;  Clark  M.  Miller,  Lewistown;  C. 
Paul  Mallard,  Llanerch;  George  W.  Gerhard,  Macungie;  William 
A.  Wallace,  Charles  Whitman,  Middletown;  Harry  L.  Guers, 
PottsviUe;  Daniel  B.  Nagel,  Henry  Mathias,  Paul  E.  Rhoads  and 
C.  LeRoy  Wall,  Reading;  Walter  W.  Rex,  Slatington;  Clayton  H. 
Mouer,  Shippensburg;  George  W.  Samsel,  Stroudsburg;  Frank  J. 
Rcddon,  Susquehanna;  William  M.  Kemner,  Tamaqua:  Robert  A. 
Levy,  Trumbauersvilie;  Gerald  J.  Ruddy  and  Martin  Y.  Smulyan, 
WilkesBarre;  Isaac  D.  Kinley,  W  ilhamsport ;  Asher  M.  Hawk, 
Harold  E.  Werkheiser,  Wind  Gap;  A.  Hastings  Fitzskee,  Wrights- 
ville;  Louis  J.  Kleinfeld,  Alliance,  N.  J.;  Lawrence  G.  Beisler, 
Hilton,  N.  J.;  William  J.  B.  Clymer,  Phillipsburg,  N.  J.;  Thomas 
A.  Cramer,  Point  Pleasant,  N.  J.;  Martin  F.  Carmody,  Syracuse, 
N.  Y'. 

The  next  examinations  will  be  held  in  Harrisburg  on  March  14, 
1914. 

South  Carolina. 

ORANGEBURG,  Dec.  20.— At  the  November  examinations  of  the 
State   Board   of   Pharmacy,    the   following   were   successful: 

J.  Rhett  Simmons,  Chas.  D.  Miller,  F.  C.  Duffie,  H.  E.  Miller, 
John  Hart  Hardwicke,  J.  A.  Gilberson,  Charleston;  B.  F.  Smith, 
Bowman;  W.  Clay  Harper,  Anderson;  J  no.  Gordon  Howell,  Sumter; 
W.  C.  F.  Harris,  Sumter;  I.  D.  Irby  Cross  Anchor;  John  M. 
Hutchinson,  Rock  Hill;  J.  E.  Watkins,  Laurens;  J.  F.  Sherard, 
Anderson;  William  LeRoy  Rogers,  Hemmingway;  Edward  W. 
Carroll,  Columbia;  William  W'allace  Wetsell,  Spartanburg,  white; 
and  the  following  colored:  George  Washington  Singleton,  Spar- 
tanburg; Lemuel  M.  Dantzler,  Orangeburg,  and  Fred  Douglas 
Jones,   Raleigh,  N.  C.  „     ,    ,,.,,  ,       ,  .    , 

The  next  meeting  of  the  board  will  be  at  Rock  Hill  on  the  third 
Wednesday  in  March,  1914,  the  board  being  required  to  meet  every 
four  months. 

NEWS  OF   THE   BOARDS. 


In  its  annual  report  to  Governor  Taylor,  the  New  Jersey  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  calls  attention  to  the  unusual  spirit  of  unrest, 
rivalry  and  jealousy  that  is  manifest  among  the  druggists  of  New 
Jersey,  pointing  out  that  during  the  past  year  there  have  been 
an  unusual  number  of  complaints  of  alleged  violations  of  law 
reported.  All  of  these  were  investigated,  but  most  of  the  cases 
seemed  to  be  of  temporary  absences  of  the  registered  pharmacists 
in  charge  of  the  stores,  or  of  owners  who  were  registered  being 
■without  registered  clerks  for  a  time.  Of  the  eight  prosecutions 
seven  were  successful.  The  report  then  continues:  "There  seemed 
to  be  a  spirit  of  unrest  among  many  pharmacists,  where  it  was  a 
loss  of  business,  or  a  spirit  of  rivalry,  or  jealousy  among  com- 
petitors which  has  caused  a  wonderful  amount  of  work  for  the 
board  to  get  at  the  facts  concerning  complaints  of  procuring  papers 
to  attend  the  examinations  by  fraud  or  of  furnishing  false  affi- 
davits from  employers  as  to  time  of  apprenticeship.  All  of  these 
charges  were  given  a  thorough  and  searching  investigation,  and 
in  every  instance  the  person  making  the  complaint  failed  to  fur- 
nish proof  against  any  of  the  accused.  The  candidates  this  year 
have  been,  as  a  rule,  of  a  high  standing  as  to  deportment  while 
attending  the  examinations,  but  at  the  same  time  the  board  has 
been  compelled  to  dismiss  a  number  for  conduct  unbecoming  gen- 
tlemen by  violating  the  rules  of  the  board."  There  are  3017  regis- 
tered pharmacists  and  139  registered  assistants  in  New  Jersey, 
making  a  total  of  3176  in  good  standing.  The  receipts  for  the 
year  were  $4498.56  and  the  disbursements  S4278.S9.  The  balance 
turned  over  to  the  State  Treasurer  was  $219.97. 

The  closing  meeting  of  the  Washington  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy was  held  at  Spokane,  Dec.  29-31.  The  board  wishes  to  call 
attention  to  the  provision  of  the  pharmacy  law  which  holds  all 
proprietors  of  drug  stores  who  are  employing  unregistered  men 
equally  guilty  with  the  unregistered  clerk,  and  that  as  rapidly  as 
possible  all  such  cases  will  be  brought  to  court  by  the  board. 
Former  Secretary  Lee,  of  the  State  Board,  and  now  a  member  of 
that  board,  has  retained  counsel  to  fight  the  action  of  the  State 
auditor,  C.  W.  Clausen,  in  withholding  his  salary  warrants.  It 
is  charged  that  the  warrants  are  being  withheld  until  a  tangle 
is  unravelled  relative   to  alleged  overpayments   to   the  former  sec- 

A  banquet  was  given  at  the  Lindell  Hotel,  Lincoln,  Neb.,  re- 
cently   by    the    members    and    ex-members    of    the    Nebraska    State 


Board  of  Pharmacy  in  honor  of  the  retiring  president,  Robert 
Lock,  and  Mrs,  Lock,  of  Central  City.  After  the  banquet  a  theater 
party  was  given. 

The  Nebraska  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  organized  as  fol- 
lows: President,  D.  J.  Killcn,  Beatrice;  vice-president,  L.  W. 
McConnell,  McCook;  2d  vice-ljrcsident,  S.  E.  Ewing,  Creston; 
secretary,  J.  Earl  Harper,  Clearwater;  treasurer,  Orel  Jones, 
Oconto. 

Agents  of  the  State  Examining  Board  of  Pennsylvania  have  been 
making  a  series  of  arrests  in  Lackawanna  and  Luzerne  counties 
of  drug  clerks  and  proprietors  charged  with  violating  the  Act  of 
March  18,   1909,  in  selling  poisons  without   a  prescription. 

At  the  recent  meeting  of  the  North  Carolina  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  President  H.  S.  Arrington,  of  Norfolk,  and  John  E. 
Jackson,  of  Taswell.  members  of  the  Virginia  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  were  guests  of  the  Old  North   State  Board. 

Gov.  Hall,  of  Louisiana,  has  appointed  W.  E.  Allen,  of  Monroe; 
E.  L.  McClung,  of  Natchitoches;  L.  E.  Carruth,  of  Kentwood,  and 
E.  H.  Walsdorf,  of  New  Orleans,  to  succeed  themselves  as  mem- 
bers of  the  Slate   Board  of  Pharmacy. 

J.  E,  Justice,  a  prominent  dru^ist  of  Clarksville,  Tenn.,  ha» 
been  appointed  a  member  of  the  Tennessee  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy. He  will  fill  out  the  unexpired  term  of  J.  W.  Head,  which 
ends  April  24,  1918. 

Gov,  Major,  of  Missouri,  has  made  the  following  appointments  to 
the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy:  R.  A.  Doyle,  of  East  Prairie,  to 
succeed  William  Mittelbach,  of  Boonville.  The  term  expires  Aug. 
16,   1918. 

A  special  meeting  of  the  Arizona  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  been 
called  for  the  second  Monday  in  January  at  Douglas  at  which 
very   important  matters  will  be  brought  before  the  board. 


Books  Reviewed 


DICTIONARY  OF  PHARMACY.  For  students,  teachers  and  ex- 
aminers, etc.  By  George  F.  Payne,  Ph,G.,  M.D.,  F.C.S.  State 
chemist  of  Georgia  for  eight  years,  president  and  professor  of 
pharmacy  of  the  Atlanta  College  of  Pharmacy,  etc  2d  cd., 
6x3^2  inches,  167  pages.  Mor.,  ^.50.  Published  by  the  author, 
Atlanta,  Ga. 

This  is  not  a  dictionary  in  the  usually  accepted  sense,  for 
no  attention  is  given  to  the  derivation  or  pronunciation  of  the 
pharmaceutical  terms  listed.  More  properly,  the  book  is  a 
"catechism  of  pharmacy,"  and  this  view  is  practically  con- 
ceded by  the  author  himself,  who  tells  us  on  the  title  page 
that  the  te.xt  is  "arranged  in  question  and  answer  form  for 
brevity  and  directness,  and  to  impress  students."  Many  edu- 
cators concede  that  instruction  imparted  in  catechetical  form 
has  a  place  in  the  training  of  the  student,  and  more  especially 
it  he  be  required  to  look  up  the  necessary  data  and  formulate 
his  own  answers.  In  this  book  the  topics  are  arranged  alpha- 
betically with  matters  relating  to  the  same  subjects  grouped 
together,  but  not  all  of  the  answers  to  the  questions,  which 
number  about  3000,  seem  to  be  well  expressed,  for  what 
scientist  would  define  "benzene"  without  other  qualification 
as  "C|.H„.  It  forms  a  closed  chain  and  is  called  the  benzene 
ring.  (It  is  the  starting-point  of  many  organic  chemical  com- 
pounds.)"? Or  "protein"  as  "dead  protoplasm"?  Yet  these 
answers,  as  quoted,  appear  on  pages  26  and  34  of  the  book. 
Errors  in  proofreading  are  very  numerous,  most  of  them  being 
inexcusable.  According  to  the  author,  "the  work  is  based  on 
the  American  idea  of  short,  clear  explanations  and  definitions," 
but  in  our  opinion  not  all  of  the  definitions  he  has  given 
conform  to  the  basic  idea  thus  expressed. 


SOLVENTS.  OILS,  GUMS,  WAXES  AND  ALLIED  SUBSTANXES. 
By  Frederic  S.  Hyde,  Ph.B.,  formerly  assistant  chemist,  Brook- 
lyn Health  Department,  late  assistant  in  analytical  chemistry, 
Columbia  University,  etc.  5J4x8}4  inches,  176  pages.  Cloth,  $2. 
New  York,  Van  Nostrand  Co. 

According  to  the  author,  the  notes  incorporated  in  this 
monograph  are  intended  for  the  use  of  factory  chemists  and 
others  who  may  desire  a  short  reference  book  on  commercial 
organic  products.  The  methods  and  tests  outlined  have  been 
taken  from  many  authoritative  sources  and  ars  .sufficiently 
complete  to  answer  the  purposes  ot  the  average  industrial 
chemist.  The  pharmacist  also  will  find  much  valuable  infor- 
mation in  the  book,  which  is  well  worth  a  place  in  his  library. 


Reprints,    Proceedings    and   Reports   Received. 

From  the  Research  Laboratory  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co., 
Detroit,  Mich. :  On  Crystalline  Kombe-Strophanthin,  by  D.  H. 
Brauns,  Ph.D.,   and  O.  E.  Closson,  Ph.B. 

The  Pompeian  Co.,  Washington,  D.  C. :  Seven  Eventful 
Olive  Oil  Years. 

The  American  Underwriter  Magazine,  New  York:  Sprinkler 
Protection  for   Factory  Workmen. 

Citizens  Central  National  Bank  of  New  York:  Coitiplete 
Schedules  of  the  Tariff  Act  of  1913. 


V./MMAiMMMMiAMMMMMMMy>iMaiMF^MMMilMMMMM 


Riker-Hegeman  Reorganization  Plans. 

■Old  Stock  at  $100  Par  Value  Replaced  by  New  Issue  at  $5 
Per  Share  in  the  "Corporation  of  Riker  and  Hegeman 
Stock,"  a  Vela-ware  Corporation. — Many  Shares  Traded  in 
on  the  New  York  Curb. 

GEORGE  J.  WHELAN  and  his  associates  have  at  last 
put  through  the  deal  which  has  been  pending  for  months 
past,  and  the  Riker-Hegeman  stores  are  now  controlled 
by  the  United  Cigar  Stores  interests.  A  new  corporation  has 
been  formed  under  a  Delaware  charter,  with  an  authorized 
capital  of  $5,000,000  in  common  stock,  of  which  $3,700,000 
will  be  issued,  while  the  remainder,  $1,300,000,  will  remain  in 
the  treasury  as  treasury  stock.  It  is  expected  that  the  rate  of 
dividend  will  be  increased  to  10  per  cent,  per  annum.  The 
stock  of  the  old  Riker-Hegeman  company  will  be  reduced  from 
$100  a  share  to  $5  a  share — that  is,  20  shares  of  the  new 
stock  in  the  Corporation  of  Riker  and  Hegeman  Stock  (the 
new  corporation)  will  be  exchanged  for  one  share  of  the  old. 
The  purpose  of  this  reduction  in  share  value  is  to  promote 
public  investment,  and  a  more  general  distribution. 

The  capitalization  of  the  Riker-Hegeman  Co.  is  $9,000,000, 
of  which  $7,000,000  is  in  common  stock,  and  $2,000,000  pre- 
ferred. In  acquiring  control  of  the  Riker-Hegeman  Co.  com- 
mon shares,  Mr.  Whelan  bought  from  the  company  itself  at 
par  $1,500,000  common  stock,  and  of  the  $7,000,000  outstanding 
the  Whelan  associates  secured  appro.ximately  $3,700,000,  thus 
giving  him  control  of  the  corporation. 

In  his  official  statement  in  which  Mr.  Whelan  announced 
the  completion  of  the  deal  and  the  completion  of  his  plans,  he 
said: 

"My  associates  and  myself  arranged  to  buy  a  majority  of 
the  common  stock  of  the  Riker  &  Hegeman  Co.,  with  no  other 
purpose  than  to  develop  to  the  fullest  extent  of  its  possibilities 
what  we  believe  to  be  an  enterprise  already  profitable.  The 
present  annual  gross  sales  of  the  drug  company  in  its  93 
stores  is,  according  to  our  best  information,  about  $15,000,000. 

"In  embarking  in  the  drug  business,  I  am  carrying  out  a 
plan  long  in  contemplation  by  myself  and  by  those  who  in 
association  with  me  have  brought  the  United  Cigar  Stores  Co. 
up  to  its  present  position  as  a  mercantile  enterprise.  The 
systematization  of  that  business,  especially  from  the  auditing 
standpoint,  was  the  feature  that  cost  us  most  an.xiety,  and 
most  money,   in  the  early  days  of  its  career. 

"Investigations  several  years  ago  satisfied  us  that  the  retail 
drug  business  as  heretofore  conducted,  while  yielding  a  hand- 
some return  on  the  investment,  was  without  an  organized  audit- 
ing system  that  could  be  called  upon  at  any  hour  of  any  day 
for  reliable  figures.  We  had  developed  by  long  experience  and 
costly  experiment  a  system  ready-made,  and  this  consideration, 
more  than  any  other,  directed  our  attention  to  the  drug 
business. 

"The  Riker  &  Hegeman  Co.,  we  were  convinced  by  inves- 
tigation, had  progressed  along  the  right  lines.  So  far  as  we 
have  been  able  to  discover,  it  is  an  economically,  progressively 
managed  business,  well  abreast  of  modem  methods,  and  in 
the  ablest  hands. 

"In  those  hands  the  drug  business  will  undoubtedly  be  left, 
so  far  as  its  practical  operation  is  concerned.  The  drug  com- 
pany will,  as  a  first  step  in  the  contemplated  change,  come 
under  an  auditing  system. similar  to  that  which  has  been  de- 
veloped and  proved  to  be  efficient  by  the  United  Cigar  Stores 
Company. 

"Under   the   plan    of   reorganization    this   new    company   will 


issue  shares  of  a  par  value  of  $5  each,  or  at  the  rate  of  20 
shares  of  the  stock  of  the  new  company,  having  a  par  value  of 
$5,  for  each  share  of  the  Riker  &  Hegeman  Co.,  having  a  par 
value  of  $100  each  acquired  by  the  new  company. 

"It  is  proposed  that  in  the  Riker  &  Hegeman  directorate 
there  shall  be  no  one  who  is  not  actively  engaged  in  the  pro- 
motion of  its  business,  as  there  is  now  no  director  of  the 
United  Cigar  Stores  Co.  who  is  not  actively  engaged  in  its 
business.  No  element  in  the  building  up  of  the  Cigar  Stores 
Co.  has  contributed  so  much  to  its  success  as  a  firm  adherence 
to  this  rule. 

".\t  the  top  will  be  men  who  know  the  drug  business  and 
will  be  responsible  to  the  stockholders  and  to  the  public  for  its 
management  down   to  the  smallest  detail. 

"In  the  drug  stores  the  only  monopoly  we  will  strive  to 
establish  is  a  monopoly  of  good  service  such  as  for  years  the 
United   Cigar   Stores  have  sought   to  establish. 

"In  this  relationship  of  business  policies  between  the  drug 
stores  and  the  cigar  stores,  as  well  as  in  the  advantages  to 
follow  the  adoption  by  the  drug  company  of  a  similar  auditing 
system  and  a  similar  real  estate  system,  we  feel  that  the  drug 
company  will  derive  a  benefit  that  will  prove  that  what  has 
been  done  is  based  on  fundamental  principles  of  good  business, 
judged  from  the  standpoint  of  the  stockholder,  the  patron  of 
the  stores  who  buys  over  the  counter  and  of  the  employee  who, 
through  loyalty  and  good  work,  helps  to  build  up  the  success 
of  the  business." 


Featuring  Confectionery  |in  Drug  Stores* 

By  WILLIAM  T.  BELL. 

TO  my  mind  this  department,  which  has  become  one  of 
vital  importance  to  the  retail  druggist,  has  been  sadly 
neglected;  and  having  had  the  privilege  of  representing 
one  of  the  leading  manufacturers  of  confectionery  of  New 
England,  in  the  State  of  New  York,  I  could  not  help  but 
realize  the  golden  opportunities  which  the  retailer  is  letting 
slip   through  his   fingers   by  not   featuring  confectionery. 

Of  course,  most  all  retail  stores  carry  confectionery,  but 
carrying  confectionery  and  featuring  it  are  two  distinctly  dif- 
ferent propositions. 

Purchasing  a  bill  of  confectionery  and  packing  it  solidly  into 
a   case  and  waiting  for  customers  to  call   for  it,   is  one   thing, 
while   intelligently  featuring  the  same   is  another. 
Large    Expenditure    tTnnecessary. 

It  is  not  necessary  to  expend  a  lot  of  money  in  buying  an 
expensive  case  of  display  confectionery,  but  let  the  retailer 
use  the  means  to  be  found  at  hand ;  for  instance,  there  is  no 
better  place,  to  my  mind,  for  featuring  confectionery,  than  by 
using  the  backbar  of  our  soda  fountains. 

Have  a  stand  of  glass  shelves  and  make  a  neat  display  of 
packages  ranging  in  price  from  10  cents  to  $1,  or  even  higher 
in  price,   depending  upon   the  demands   of  your  trade. 

Then  run  sales  every  week  of  bulk  goods,  i.e.,  purchase  a 
barrel  of  kisses  at  11  cents  or  12  cents  a  pound,  mark  them 
19  cents  and  put  the  barrel  right  in  the  window  on  its  side, 
and  scatter  enough  kisses  to  thoroughly  cover  the  base  of 
your  window.  This  encourages  the  customer  to  believe  that 
you  are  selling  some  candy  and  that  if  you  are  selling  candy 
it  must  be  fresh.  The  Fall  is  a  good  time  to  feature  kisses, 
they  keep  well  at  that  season. 

A  wrapped  caramel   is  another  piece  of  goods  that   I  have 


*Paper  read  at  the  1913  meeting  of  the  Massachusetts  Phar- 
maceutical Association. 


36 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  ISll 


found  lo  be  a  good  seller.  You  can  buy  assorted  caramels  at 
20  cents  a  pound;  mark  them  29  cents,  put  5  or  6  pans  con- 
taining 6  pounds  each  in  your  window  with  a  large  sign, 
••40-cent  caramels  today  29  cents."  Isn't  it  better  to  clean  up 
a  lot  of  OO  or  100  pounds  of  caramels  and  make  9  cents  a 
pound  than  to  put  iliem  in  a  tray  and  wait  for  customers  to 
purcliase  tliem  at  -JO  caits  a  pound? 

Some  stores  run  a  1 -pound  box  of  assorted  chocolates  on 
Saturdays  for  29  cents,  but  1  have  not  been  successful  with 
this  particular  proposition. 

I  carry  a  29-cait  chocolate  mixture  and  supply  it  on 
demand,  but  my  game  has  been  to  carry  six  or  seven  good 
numbers  of  one  make,  in  1-potmd  and  J/j-pound  boxes,  rang- 
ing in  price  from  50  cents  to  $1  for  1  pound  and  20  cents  to 
40  cents  for  J^  pound. 

By  contining  myself  to  sbc  or  seven  numbers  I  can  watch 
my  stock  better  and  the  danger  of  furnishing  a  customer 
with  stale  goods  is  practically   eliminated. 

This  suggests  one  feature  of  the  confectionery  game  that  I 
have  had  brought  to  my  attention  most  forcibly,  i.e.,  many 
druggists  try  to  handle  too  many  lines  of  goods,  consequently 
some  particular  packages  get  passe  and  there  is  danger  of 
losing  a  customer  by  furnishing  him  candy  the  vintage  of 
which   is  uncertain. 

During  the  Summer  it  is  well  to  watch  nut  goods,  such  as 
montevideos  and  pecans,  and  eliminate  them  from  packages 
and  mixtures  so  far  as  is  possible. 

The  location  of  one's  store,  also  the  class  of  trade  one 
enjoys,  is  the  key  to  the  grades  of  confectionery  one  should 
carry.  Every  dealer  has  to  experiment  for  himself  and  try 
out  various  propositions. 

Some  stores  can  handle  fancy  colored  packages,  while  others 
can  sell  nothing  but  plain  wrapped  boxes;  some  can  handle  a 
large  assortment  of  holiday  packages,  while  others  find  they 
have  most  of  their  shipment  cf  fancy  boxes  left  over;  and 
right  here  let  me  suggest,  don't  try  to  sell  a  box  of  candy 
with  a  Christmas  card  in  it  on  the  Fourth  of  July. 

Immediately  after  a  holiday  dump  your  holiday  packages 
into  your  trays  and  sell  them  for  what  you  can  get. 

It  is  imwise  to  place  filled  boxes  in  a  show  window  where 
sunlight  or  heat  will  reach  them,  as  the  coatings  of  chocolates 
contain  a  large  percentage  of  cacao  butter  which  thg  sun 
will  melt  and  this  will  ruin  your  chocolates. 

It  is  better  to  have  your  dealer  furnish  dummies  to  be  used 
in  window  decoration,  and  even  these  should  be  protected 
from  strong  sunlight,  because  they  will  fade  and  become  unfit 
for  display. 

By  using  the  backbar  of  yoiir  soda  fotmtain  for  a  represen- 
tative display  of  confectionery  you  can  reach  it  easily — the 
customer  can't  help  but  see  it,  and  as  soon  as  a  sale  is  made 
replace  the  sold  package  from  cartons  kept  elsewhere. 

This   method   keeps  your  stock   moving. 

There  is  nothing  new  in  this  paper— it  is  simply  a  few 
suggestions  gathered  while  calling  upon  the  trade,  but  since 
returning  to  the  retail  drug  business  I  have  put  them  into 
actual  operation  to  my  advantage.  So  if  there  is  anything  of 
value  to  any  of  you  gentlemen  in  these  few  suggestions,  I  will 
feel  that  I  have  not  wasted  your  time  and  mine  by  writing  and 
reading  this  paper. 

Annual  Renort  of  U.  S.  Chemist. 

From  the  annual  report  of  Chief  Chemist  Carl  L.  Alsberg, 
which  is  a  part  of  the  .^Vnnual  Reports  of  the  Department  of 
.Agriculture,  the  following  paragraphs  of  interest  to  the  drug 
trade  have  been  taken : 

Sherley  Act. — The  work  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  under 
the  food  and  drugs  act  during  the  year  was  greatly  stimulated 
by  two  important  acts  of  Congress  amending  this  law.  The 
first,  known  as  the  Sherley  amendment,  enacted  August  23, 
1912,  deals  with  medicines  branded  with  false  and  fraudulent 
statements  concerning  their  effect  on  disease.  To  make  this 
act  rapidly  effective,  as  many  chemists  as  could  be  spared 
were  transferred  during  the  Winter  from  food  to  drug  work. 
These  chemists,  transferred  to  the  laboratories  in  Washington, 
New  York  and  Chicago,  in  a  few  months  analyzed  hundreds 
of  these  preparations.  As  a  result  of  this  work  seizure  of 
several  of  these  preparations  was  recommended  and  the  result- 
ing cases  were  won  by  default.  Even  at  this  early  date  a  vast 
improvement  in  the  labeling  of  medicinal  preparations  has 
resulted.     Such  positive  therapeutic  claims  as  "a  sure  cure," 


"a  reliable  remedy,"  and  the  like  are  being  replaced  on  the 
labels  by  less  misleading  expressions,  such  as  "will  be  foimd 
beneficial  in"  or  "will  relieve  many  of  the  symptoms  of." 
Claims  tliat  preparations  arc  cures  for  such  serious  diseases 
as  tuberculosis  or  cancer  do  not  appear  on  the  labels  as  often 
as  formerly. 

Tluough  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  it  has  been  possible 
to  apply  the  Sherley  Act  to  nearly  all  importations  of  drugs, 
so  that  false  and  fraudulent  labels  should  soon  disappear  from 
imported  medicinal  products. 

Physicians'  Supplies. — Special  attention  has  been  given  to 
products  of  physicians'  supply  houses  which  do  not  pass 
through  the  usual  trade  channels  of  wholesale  and  retail  drug 
houses  and  therefore  escape  the  notice  of  inspectors.  Many 
of  these  products  were  found  to  be  adulterated  or  misbranded. 

Crude  Drugs. — Analyses  have  been  made  of  a  large  number 
of  samples  of  anise  and  fennel  seeds  and  cubeb  berries  to  set 
standards  for  the  composition  of  the  pure  articles  and  to 
detect  the  admixture  of  inferior  or  exhausted  seeds.  A  method 
was  developed  to  dislinguish  the  genuine  Peru  balsam  from 
imitation  and  from  mixtures.  The  analytical  part  of  the 
investigation  of  the  adulteration  of  pyrethrum,  or  msect  pow- 
der, has  been  completed.  Results  of  the  investigation  of  oil 
of  chenopodium  show  tliat  ascaridole,  the  medicinally  active 
constituent  of  wormseed  oil  on  which  the  vermifuge  properties 
of  tlie  oil  depend,  is  a  very  unstable  compound  of  the  peroxid 
type.  Its  relations  to  other  compounds  have  been  elucidated, 
and  a  number  of  new  and  interesting  substances  prepared  from 
it. 

Insecticides. — An  investigation  has  been  made  of  the  to.xic 
effect  on  fruit  trees  of  certain  constituents  used  in  insecticides, 
notably  copper  and  arsenic.  Apprehension  has  been  enter- 
tained by  some,  especially  the  orchardists  of  the  semiarid  or 
irrigated  districts  of  the  West,  that  the  continued  use  of  the 
large  amount  of  spray  containing  these  substances  might  ulti- 
mately result  in  a  serious  accumulation  in  the  soil  and  con- 
sequent injury  of  the  tree  through  absorption  of  poison  by 
the  roots. 

Analytical  Methods. — Investigations  of  analytical  methods  of 
various  kinds  are  always  needed  in  conducting  various  lines 
of  work,  .'\mong  those  recently  studied  are:  Methods  for  the 
examination  of  asafetida;  the  detection  of  small  quantities  of 
strychnine  in  the  presence  of  large  quantities  of  quinine;  the 
determination  of  moisture,  arsenic,  and  lead ;  and  the  deter- 
mination of  tin  in  canned  goods.  Some  of  this  work  is  done 
in  co-operation  with  the  Association  of  Official  Agricultural 
Chemists.  The  method  on  which  the  leather  and  paper  labora- 
tory has  %vorked  in  co-operation  with  the  American  Leather 
Chemists'  Association  for  determining  glucose  in  leather  has 
been  fully  established  in  this  laboratory  and  made  the  official 
method  of  the  association.  The  contracts  laboratory  has  co- 
operated in  a  similar  way  with  the  American  Society  for  Test- 
ing Materials  and  with  the  Bureau  of  Standards. 

Pharmacological  Investigations. — Information  was  obtained 
concerning  the  action  of  caffein  under  a  variety  of  conditions. 
Acute  and  chronic  intoxications  with  salts  of  tin  were  studied 
and  observations  upon  the  action  of  tartrates  were  made. 


Ohio  Insecticide  License  Fee  Prohibitive. 

According  to  a  law  passed  by  the  Ohio  Legislature  last  year 
any  wholesale  druggist  who  makes  a  pretense  of  supplying  his 
customers  with  most  of  the  insecticides  and  fungicides  on  the 
market  will  be  forced  to  pay  something  like  $14,000  annually 
for  the  privilege.  The  law  provides  a  license  fee  of  $20  for 
each  variety  of  such  bug  and  worm-killers  carried,  and  as 
there  are  more  than  700  such  preparations  on  the  market,  the 
amount  of  the  annual  fee  for  a  wholesaler  would  be  prohibitive. 
The  result  has  been  a  protest  to  the  Governor  by  wholesale 
drug  houses  and  a  personal  visit  to  the  State  Executive  by  a 
committee  from  the  Ohio  State  Ph. .A.,  headed  by  G.  B.  Kauff- 
man,  of  the  Kauffman-Lattimer  Co.,  and  J.  D.  Price,  of  the 
Orr,  Brown  &  Price  Co.  The  State  Agricultural  Commission, 
to  whom  the  enforcement  of  the  law  is  instrusted,  have  not 
as  yet  made  any  attempt  to  do  so. 


National   Drug   Trade   Conference. 

A  meeting  of  the  executive  committee  of  this  conference  will 
be  held  at  the  New  Willard  Hotel  in  Washington,  Jan.  12,  at 
10  o'clock,  a.m.  The  conference  itself  will  convene  at  the 
same  place  Jan.  13,  at  10  o'clock  a.m.  Each  constituent  asso- 
ciation is  entitled  to  three  delegates. 


Januaky,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


37 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


More  than  200  representatives  of  business  houses  from  which 
the  United  Drug  Co.  buys  its  raw  materials  toured  the  com- 
pany's plants  in  Boston  last  month,  inspecting  the  manufac- 
ture of  the  Rexall  remedies,  candies,  perfumes,  etc.  Luncheon 
was  served  at  the  Copley  Square  Hotel  and  there  was  a  banquet 
at  the  same  hostelry  in  the  evening.  One  of  the  features  of  the 
banquet  was  the  detailed  history  of  the  company  as  outlined 
by  President  Louis  K.  Liggett,  who  said  in  part :  "You  gen- 
tlemen may  wonder  why  we  ask  you  to  be  with  us  today  and 
see  what  we  are  doing  and  tonight  to  hear  how  we  have  done 
it.  With  us  tonight  we  have  the  officer  of  the  firm  from  whom 
we  buy  corks  for  our  bottles;  the  bottle  manufacturer;  the 
paper  man  from  whom  we  buy  paper  for  labels  and  wrappers, 
down  to  the  firm  from  whom  we  buy  wooden  cases  in  which 
our  goods  are  shipped.  We  have  as  guests  the  crude  drug 
concerns,  and  every  big  business  represented  who  sell  us  any 
class  of  material  merchandise  we  use  in  our  business.  We 
even  have  the  bankers  from  whom  we  buy  money  to  help  us 
finance  the  business.  We  term  you  our  business  friends.  We 
have  studied  the  needs  of  an  up-todate  drug  store  and  sup- 
plied them.  We  have  analyzed  the  business  of  the  retailer 
so  that  we  could  help  him  in  his  service  to  his  customers,  the 
buying  public.  W'e  have  tried  to  make  him  more  money  by 
making  him  a  merchant  and  evolutionizing  his  store.  We  have 
been  able  to  give  him  the  fullest  benefit  because  we  have  kept 
close  to  him,  because  we  know  him  well  and  his  possibilities. 
We  are  handling  $15,000,000  in  turnover  this  year,  and  in  a 
few  years  it  will  be  nearer  $50,000,000." 

J.  A.  Dew,  until  recently  assistant  State  entomologist  of 
Alabama,  has  resigned  to  take  the  position  of  demonstrator  in 
citrus  fruit  insecticides,  with  the  .Van  Antwerp  Drug  Cor- 
poration. A  demonstration  department  is  to  be  established 
in  connection  with  the  Van  Antwerp  Corporation,  this  firm 
having  secured  exclusive  rights  in  a  number  of  the  Southern 
States  for  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  Schnarr's  insecticide. 
Mr.  Dew  will  have  charge  of  a  bureau  of  information  to  be 
established  by  the  corporation  for  the  benefit  of  citrus  fruit 
growers  in  Mobile  and  Baldwin  counties,  and  his  demonstra- 
tion work  will  be  confined  largely  to  Southern  Alabama. 

The  new  Owl  drug  store,  No.  5,  at  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  which 
is  to  be  opened  for  business  this  month,  is  on  the  busiest 
comer  of  Kansas  City.  The  drug  company  occupies  the  first 
floor  and  the  basement,  the  ground  floor  space  is  38  by  112 
feet  in  the  clear.  The  ceiling  is  18  feet  high,  thus  giving 
room  for  a  large  and  airy  mezzanine  floor.  The  basement 
space  is  55  by  124  feet,  with  a  ceiling  12  feet  high.  It  is  all 
finished  and  decorated,  and  w'ill  be  used  as  a  salesroom,  easy 
access  being  gained  by  a  broad  stairway.  It  is  understood  that 
the  Owl  Drug  Co.  rental  in  this  new  location — ■12th  and 
Walnut  streets — is  $30,000  a  year. 

The  Buck  &  Rayner  chain  of  drug  stores,  Chicago,  con- 
trolled by  Louis  Eckstein,  president ;  Stephen  Hexter,  vice- 
president  ;  Charles  T.  Boynton  and  others,  has  leased  the 
entire  ground  floor  and  basement  of  the  new  Bezak  building, 
1307-1309  Milwaukee  avenue,  just  a  few  doors  north  of  the 
Wieboldt  department  store.  The  same  syndicate  owns  the 
leasehold  at  the  southwest  comer  of  State  and  Adams  streets 
on  which  site  Buck  &  Rayner  expect  to  erect  a  16-story  build- 
ing next  year.  The  plans  for  this  new  structure  are  well 
under   way. 

The  firm  of  John  Wyeth  S:  Brother,  Inc.,  of  Philadelphia, 
has  been  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Illinois. 
The  capital  stock  is  $4,000,000,  of  which  $50,000  is  in  the 
State  of  Illinois.  This  step  was  necessary,  according  to  Harry 
C.  Trumbower,  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  company,  to 
make  it  possible  for  the  company  to  open  a  distributing  station 
in  that  State.  Preparations  are  being  made  by  the  concern  to 
open  similar  stations  in  other  States. 

The  Riker-Jaynes  Co.  opened  its  new  store  in  Lewiston, 
Me.,  Dec.  19.  with  a  beautiful  sanitary  soda  fountain,  humidors 
for  the  display  and  storage  of  cigars  and  tobacco,  a  modern 
brine  ice-cream  freezing  apparatus,  gas  kettles,  fruit-paring 
and  crushing  machines,  etc.  The  store  includes  a  sick-room 
supply  department.  The  new  store  occupies  all  the  street 
floor  of  the  Lewiston  Journal  building  except  the  corridor, 
and  a  similar  space  in  the  basement. 


Josepli  R.  Methudy  and  associates  have  leased  a  store  room 
in  the  corridor  of  the  Pierce  building,  St.  Louis,  for  a  drug 
store.  Methudy  has  a  drug  store  at  Russell  and  California 
avenues.  The  Pierce  building  is  a  17-story  building  covering 
half  of  a  block  and  connected  with  the  Merchants'  Exchange, 
which  occupies  the  other  half  of  the  same  block,  and  is 
opposite  the  Planters  Hotel.  This  would  seem  to  insure  the 
corridor  store  success. 

The  wholesale  chemical  and  drug  business  of  C.  H.  Talcott 
&  Co.,  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  has  been  incorporated  under  the 
name  of  the  Talcott  Company.  Several  old  employees  of  the 
house  have  become  stockholders  and  officers  of  the  new  com- 
pany, and  Frederick  F.  Small,  who  has  bought  an  interest,  is 
president  and  treasurer.  The  business  is  one  of  the  oldest 
mercantile  concerns  in  Hartford,  having  been  established  in 
1851. 

The  officials  of  the  Churchill  Drug  Co.,  of  Cedar  Rapids, 
Iowa,  gave  a  complimentary  banquet  to  its  employees  at  the 
Commercial  Club  in  that  city  recently.  This  company  began 
business  11  years  ago  with  a  force  of  less  than  six '  men. 
There  were  50  present  at  the  banquet.  The  banquet  was  the 
culmination  of  a  series  of  educational  talks  and  tests  Prof. 
Daniel  Sloan  has  been  carrying  on  in  the  interests  of  efficiency. 

The  Ganby-Walters  Co.  have  gone  to  Jacksonville,  Fla.,  to 
engage  in  the  manufacture  of  proprietary  medicines,  extracts 
and  pharmaceutical  preparations.  They  will  manufacture  for 
the  jobbing  trade  and  will  do  business  strictly  with  the  job- 
bers. H.  C.  Schrader,  one  of  the  largest  fruit  shippers  in  that 
section  of  Florida,  is  president  of  the  concern,  and  the  manage- 
ment is  in  the  hands  of  E.  H.  Anderson. 

Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  Indianapolis,  were  hosts  recently  to  30 
students  of  the  pharmacy  department  of  the  Un'vcrsity  of 
Wisconsin,  Madison.  The  students  were  entertained  at 
luncheon  at  the  company's  plant,  at  a  theater  party,  and  finally 
at  a  banquet  in  the  evening  at  the  Claypool  Hotel,  where 
Charles  J.  Lynn,  vice-president  and  general  manager  of  the 
company,  presided. 

Growing  and  marketing  of  ginseng  is  to  be  undertaken  by 
the  Ladoga  Ginseng  Gardens,  Ladoga,  Ind.,  just  organized 
and  incorporated  with  a  capital  stock  of  $6000.  The  growing 
of  ginseng  has  been  accomplished  very  successfully  in  some 
parts  of  Indiana.  Those  interested  in  the  new  project  are 
George  W.   .Anderson.   R.   A.   Allison  and   Frank  Quinley. 

Woodall  &  Sheppard,  druggists,  of  Charlotte,  N.  C,  have 
announced  their  retirement  from  the  drug  business.  They 
operate  one  of  the  finest  stores  in  the  State,  but  their  lease 
expires  Feb.  1,  and  so  far  they  have  been  unable  to  secure  a 
satisfactory  location  and  have  deemed  it  best  to  retire  from 
business  altogether. 

The  Cincinnati  Economy  Drug  Co.,  wholesale  drug  house  at 
Canal  and  Walnut  streets,  Cincinnati,  have  leased  the  building 
at  917-921  Main  street  to  obtain  larger  quarters.  The  build- 
ing consists  of  a  basement,  fdur  floors  containing  21,000  square 
feet,  and  it  was  ready  for  occupancy  the  middle  of  December. 

The  Sheffield  Dentifrice  Co.  and  the  New  England  Col- 
lapsible Tube  Co.  have  plans  for  a  large  addition  to  their 
factory  which  will  replace  their  storehouse  recently  burned. 
It  is  understood  that  the  work  will  be  begun  at  New  London 
in   the  Spring. 

E.  H.  Rau,  a  well-known  druggist  at  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  will 
make  extensive  improvements  to  his  large  store  early  this  year. 
The  "new"  pharmacy  is  to  be  fitted  up  with  a  25-foot  soda 
fountain  of  latest  type  and  a  17-foot  cigar  case.  Partitions 
are  to  be  razed  between  two  storerooms  to  provide  increased 
space. 

A  wholesale  drug  business  will  be  conducted  at  Evansville, 
Ind.,  by  the  Evansville  Wholesale  Drug  Co.,  which  has  been 
organized  and  incorporated  with  $25,000  capital.  Those  in- 
terested in  the  company  are  W.  P.  Woods,  E.  J.  Laval  and 
V.  .'\lexander. 

Ross,  the  druggist,  at  9th  and  Vine  streets,  Cincinnati,  for 
a  quarter  of  a  century,  has  closed  a  deal  for  the  store  at  the 
southwest  corner  of  9th  and  Walnut  streets,  and  occupied  the 
new  location  last  month. 

Grnnt  Hemphill,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  and  Frank  Loming, 
nf  Rising  Sun.  Ind.,  have  purchased  the  drug  store  of  J.  P. 
Hemphill,  of  Rising  Sun.  The  new  firm  will  be  known  as 
Lorning  &  Hemphill. 

The  Mentholatum  Co.,  headquarters  of  which  are  at 
Wichita,  Kan.,  have  occupied  a  new  $22,000  plant  at  Bridge- 
burg,   Ontario,  where  this  jjreparation  will  be  manufactured. 


3S 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


Drug  Law  s  and  Rulings 


Tennessee's  New  Anti-Narcotic  Law. — What  is  said 
;o  be  the  most  stringent  anti-narcotic  law  in  the  Union  goes 
into  effect  in  Tennessee  on  Jan.  1.  It  has  been  drafted  to 
stop  the  indiscriminate  sale  of  liabit-forming  and  narcotic 
drugs  and  provides  that  no  such  drugs  or  their  derivatives 
shall  be  sold  except  on  the  prescription  of  a  reputable  phy- 
sician, and  that  the  order  must  be  filled  on  the  day  of  its 
issuance.  Druggists  are  also  required  to  keep  a  record  of  all 
sales.  A  section  of  the  law,  which  forbids  druggists  to  keep 
on  hand  more  than  five  ounces  of  morphine  is  attacked  as 
unconstitutional..  A  section  of  the  bill  forbids  the  sale  of 
medicines — except  for  external  use — when  they  contain  more 
than  a  specified  amount  of  any  narcotic;  in  the  case  of  mor- 
phine one-fourth  of  a  grain  to  tlie  ounce  (av.).  In  order 
to  check  the  sale  of  morphine  by  itinerant  peddlers  the  pos- 
session of  any  of  the  narcotics  named  or  their  derivatives  is 
held  prima  facie  evidence  of  the  violation  of  the  law. 

Sold  Oil  in  a  Fruit  Jar .A  Champaign  (111.)  druggist  has 

paid  a  fine  of  SIO  for  selling  gasoline  in  an  unlawful  recep- 
tacle. He  had  filled  a  fruit  jar  for  a  boy.  The  law  requires 
that  all  gasoline  receptacles  shall  be  labeled  in  red  with  letters 
not  less  than  one-half  inch  in  height. 

To  Test  Validity  of  the  Sunday  Law — The  retail 
druggists  of  Selma,  Ala.,  have  employed  counsel  and  will  fight 
the  State  law  which  prohibits  the  sale  of  anything  else  than 
drugs  on  Sunday.  The  druggists  are  to  keep  open  on  Sunday, 
as  usual,  and  will  sell  cigars,  soda  water,  etc.  They  declare 
that  they  will  refuse  to  sell  medicine  if  forced  to  close. 

Druggists  Allowed  Minimum  Amount  of  Alcohol — 
Gov.  Cruce,  of  Oklahoma,  has  given  instructions  to  a  State 
bonded  warehouse  for  the  distribution  of  alcohol  that  no  drug- 
gist shall  be  sold  more  than  10  gallons  during  a  month, 
and  not  to  exceed  100  gallons  during  any  one  year.  The 
Governor  is  convinced  that  alcohol  being  sold  by  the  State 
under  the  prohibition  law  for  pharmaceutical  and  scientific 
uses  is  being  employed  in  the  manufacture  of  tinctures  and 
other  products  that  are  intoxicating.  Up  till  this  ruling  there 
has  been  no  limit  to  the  amount  of  alcohol  a  druggist  could 
purchase. 

Sulphate  of  Iron  Buling  Questioned — Representatives 
of  the  American  Steel  and  Wire  Co.  have  protested  to  the 
Iowa  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  against  a  recent  ruling  of  the 
board  concerning  sulphate  of  iron.  The  board  notified  lumber 
yards  and  hardware  stores  throughout  the  State  that  they  must 
not  sell  this  product,  which  is  a  by-product  of  the  Steel 
company's  business.  As  the  board  interprets  the  law  no  one 
but  a  pharmacist  can  sell  sulphate  of  iron;  while  the  steel 
corporation  men  declare  that  it  is  used  extensively  as  a 
remedy,  especially  for  hog  cholera,  and  it  is  unjust  to  confine 
its   sale   to   druggists. 

No  More  Liquor  Sales  on  Sunday — Druggists  of  Kala- 
mazoo have  decided  to  sell  no  more  liquor  on  Sunday.  The 
action  was  taken  voluntarily  because  of  the  large  number  of 
offenders  appearing  in  court,  and  confessing  that  they  obtained 
their  liquor  in  drug  stores. 

Illicit  Stores  Under  Ban  in  Bay  State — Under  the 
new  pharmacy  law  in  Massachusetts  any  place  at  which  drugs 
of  any  sort  can  be  purchased  comes  under  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  and  a  wholesale  clean-out  of 
"shady"  places  is  anticipated  this  month. 

War  on  Drug  Store  Bars  at  Kansas  City — Police 
Commissioner  Reynolds,  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  has  inaugurated 
a  campaign  for  the  enforcement  of  the  law  against  drug  stores 
selling  intoxicants  for  other  than  medicinal  purposes. 

New  Drug  Store  Kules  in  Massachusetts — Under  the 
new  drug  law  in  Massachusetts  no  store  can  be  kept  open  for 
the  transaction  of  a  retail  drug  business  unless  it  is  registered 
with  and  has  a  permit  issued  by  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy ;  a 
fee  of  §1  is  required.  In  applying  for  store  registration,  the 
storekeeper  is  required  to  answer  several  questions.  Among 
them  are  the  location  of  the  store,  the  name  or  title  under 
which  business  is  to  be  conducted,  and  the  owner  of 
the  store.  If  the  store  is  opened  by  an  individual  the  name 
must  be  stated.  In  case  of  a  partnership,  the  firm  name 
must  be  given,  the  names  of  partners  who  are  registered  phar- 


macists, and  partners  who  are  not  registered,  names  of  part- 
ners actively  engaged  in  the  business,  the  date  when  the  part- 
nership was  formed  and  if  there  are  unregistered  partners,  the 
date  when  each  became  partner.  A  statute  enacted  in  1908 
provides  that  no  unregistered  partner  shall  be  actively  engaged 
in  the  dinig  business.  The  name  of  the  registered  owner  or 
partner  which  appears  on  signs  and  labels  must  be  included 
in  the  answers  and  the  names  of  the  clerks  who  are  regis- 
tered pharmacists,  as  well  as  the  names  of  clerks  who  hold 
certificates  as' assistant  registered  pharmacists.  The  applica- 
tions may  be  signed  by  an  individual  owner,  or  if  partnership, 
by  any  registered  partner,  and  must  be  sworn  to  before  a 
justice  of  the  peace. 

Life-long  Registration  for  Pharmacists. — The  Ohio 
State  Pharmaceutical  Association  has  begun  a  State-wide 
campaign  for  a  law  providing  that  pharmacists  be  registered 
for  life  instead  of  for  three  years,  as  at  present.  Such  a  law 
would  place  them  on  the  same  plane  as  physicians  in  regard 
to  registration,  they  assert.  Hundreds  of  blank  petitions  have 
been  mailed  to  every  pharmacist  in  the  State.  These  will  be 
signed  and  returned  to  officers  of  the  association,  who  will 
ask  the  general  assembly  to  pass  such  a  law.  Members  of  the 
State  pharmaceutical  association  who  are  active  in  the  cam- 
paign are  E.  W.  Harrington,  Columbus,  drug  inspector;  C.  D. 
Keel  and  H.  W.   Cotner. 

Codeine  Held  Alkaloid  of  Opium The  Board  of  U.S. 

General  Appraisers  has  handed  down  a  decision  that  codeine  is 
properly  classified  as  an  alkaloid  of  opium,  thereby  sustaining 
the  action  of  the  collector  of  the  port  of  New  York  and  over- 
ruling the  protests  of  Merck  &  Company  and  Gustav  Martin. 
Codeine  pays  duty  under  paragraph  43,  tariff  act  of  1897,  and 
paragraph  41,  tariff  act  of  1909,  as  an  alkaloid  of  opium 
whether  manufactured  from  opium  or  synthetically  from  mor- 
phia.   The  same  classification  holds  under  the  tariff  act  of  1913. 


N.Y.   POLICE   MAY  SOLVE   SUNDAY   CLOSING. 


Business     Men     Complain     to     Commissioner     'Waldo 
Against  Sale  of  General  Merchandise   on   Sahbath. 

TH.-\T  the  local  authorities  may  solve  the  problem  of  Sun- 
day closing  now  confronting  the  druggists  of  New  York 
City  was  evinced  by  the  recent  reports  that  Police  Com- 
missioner Waldo  had  assured  various  business  men  that  orders 
would  be  issued  to  drug  companies  confining  them  to  the 
drug  business  on  Sunday.  The  Commissioner  has  received  a 
number  of  complaints  against  the  sale  on  Sunday  of  general 
merchandise  by  drug  stores.  The  complaining  dealers  argued 
that  the  competition  was  unfair  and  could  not  be  met  because 
they  were  obliged  to  keep  their  stores  closed. 

Alfred  H.  Cosden,  vice-president  of  the  Riker-Hegeman 
Company,  and  Joseph  B.  Greenhut,  of  the  Greenhut-Siegel 
Company,  are  quoted  on  the  situation,  the  former  having 
asserted  that  "our  Sunday  business  is  now  conducted  at  a  loss 
and  we  would  be  glad  to  be  permitted  to  close  down  entirely 
on  Sunday.  The  stores  are  kept  open  on  Sunday  solely  for  the 
convenience  of  the  public.  We  have  received  no  intimation 
from  Mr.  Waldo  that  an  attempt  is  to  be  made  to  restrict  the 
character  of  the  business  we  do  on  Sunday,  although  I  have 
heard  that  complaints  have  been  made  to  him  on  the  subject." 

Mr.  Greenhut  is  quoted  as  saying; 

"There  is  no  question  that  drug  stores  ought  to  open  on 
Sundays  for  the  filling  of  prescriptions,  selling  of  medicine 
or  any  other  emergency  necessity;  but  when  it  comes  to  sell- 
ing everything  else  except  wearing  apparel  it  is  unfair  com- 
petition. We  have  no  criticism  to  make  of  the  drug  stores 
selling  everything  they  can  through  the  week.  But  when  it 
comes  to  continuing  daily  trade  seven  days  and  nights  a 
week  it  is  a  far  different  matter. 

"We  also  find  no  fault  with  the  small  drug  store  keepers 
of  outlying  sections  who  sell  a  few  outside  things  like  candies, 
because  that  is  sometimes  a  convenience  to  their  usual  patrons. 
But  when  the  large  places  become  practically  department  stores 
seven  days  a  week  we  feel  that  we  are  not  getting  a  square 
deal. 

"We  have  a  large  drug  store  with  a  prescription  department 
and  we  might  with  just  as  much  propriety  as  the  regular  drug 
stores  keep  the  entire  store  open  on  Sundays  so  persons  might 
enter  the  drug  department.  We  do  not  feel  that  this  would 
be  right." 


January,  1911] 


THE    PHAR]MACEUTICAL    ERA 


39 


LABEL  LACKS  ACETANILIDE  STATEMENT. 


Headache  Tablets  Contained  Less  Than  Stated  Quan- 
tity— Cottonseed  Oil  in  Olive  Oils. 

WASHINGTON,  Dec.  20.— The  Department  of  Agricul- 
ture has  given  public  notice  of  judgments  2567  to  2626, 
imposed  by  the  courts  m  cases  brougnt  by  the  United 
States  involving  violation  of  the  food  and  Drugs  Act,  most  of 
them  relating  to  misbrundnig  or  adulteration. 

A  line  ot  $1U  and  costs  was  imposed  upon  Allaire,  Wood- 
ward i;  Co.  (.inc.),  Peoria,  111.,  for  the  shipment  in  interstate 
traffic  of  a  quantity  of  headaclie  tablets  whicn  were  misbranded. 
The  label  read;  "Headache  Tab.ets  Contains  Acetanilide  3 
grains.  Never  fail  to  lie.p  all  kinds  of  headache.  Relief 
prompt  and  pleasant.  Produce  no  nausea  .  .  .  Direc- 
tions for  use:  Dose  one  tablet.  Repeat  the  dose  once  an  hour 
until  relieved.  .  .  .  Peoria  Pharmacal  Co.,  Peoria,  111." 
Each  tablet  contained  only  2.594  grains  of  acetanilide.  Fur- 
ther, the  quantity  or  proportion  of  acetanilide  per  ounce  as 
required  by  Regulation  No.  30  of  the  Rules  and  Regulations 
for  the  Enforcement  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act  was  not 
stated.  The  acetanilide  declaration  was  in  type  smaller  than 
8  point  (brevier)  capitals,  contrary  to  Regulation  17,  para- 
graph c,  of  said  rules  and  regulations. 

Judgment  of  condemnation  and  forfeiture  was  entered  against 
three  barrels  of  so-called  olive  oil  remaining  unsold  at  Boston, 
Mass.,  and  alleged  to  have  been  shipped  by  Natale  Licata, 
New  York,  and  transported  in  interstate  traffic.  Product  was 
adulterated.  It  was  labeled:  "N.L. — 78 — New  York — V. 
Cuilla,  Boston,  Mass."  Cottonseed  oil  had  been  mixed  and  packed 
with  product.  It  was  ordered  sold  after  label  had  been  made  to 
read:  "Olive  oil  and  cottonseed  oil."  The  same  adulterant  was 
used  to  the  extent  of  60  per  cent,  in  an  olive  oil  shipment  made 
by  Louis  Scianamea,  New  York.  Court  in  this  case  suspended 
sentence. 

A  fine  of  $100  was  imposed  against  the  above  defendant  for 
shipping  so-called  olive  oil  which  was  adulterated  and  mis- 
branded,  the  adulterant  being  62  per  cent,  of  cottonseed  oil. 
Product  was  labeled:  "Olio  Puro  E  Garantito  di  Fontanarosa 
Italy.  Olio  D'Oliva  Sopraffino  Di  Fontanarosa  Avellino  Italy. 
Mike  De  Feo  Sole  Agent  for  the  U.S.  of  America.  Schenec- 
tady, N.  Y."     It  was  an  .American  product. 

A  fine  of  $15  was  imposed  upon  Stefano  CrisafuIIi,  Joseph 
Crisafulli,  and  Carmolo  Arria,  co-partners,  doing  business 
under  the  firm  name  of  Crisafulli,  Arria  &  Co.,  New  York,  for 
shipping  "Prodotti-Italiana  Pure  Lucca  Olive  Oil  Olio  d'Oliva 
Sublime  Extra  B.B.  &  Co.  B.  Bartolini  &  Co.  Lucca,  Toscana, 
Product  of  Italy.  Pure  Olive  Oil  for  medicinal  and  table  uses. 
Non  plus  ultra.  We  guarantee  this  Olive  Oil  to  be  absolutely 
pure  under  chemical  analysis  and  of  the  finest  quality,  B.  Bar- 
tolini &  Co.  Registered."  It  consisted  of  approximately  60 
per  cent,  cottonseed  oil,  and  was  not  an  imported  product. 


FAULTY    INSECTICIDE    LABELS    INCUR    FINES. 


Some  Products  Lack  in  Essential  Ingredients,  Weigh 
Less  Than  as  Stated,  Contain  Water,  Etc. 

Washington,  Dec.  20. — Public  notice  has  been  made  of  the 
judgments  which  are  briefly  abstracted  in  the  following  text, 
and  which  involve  violation  of  the  Insecticide  Act  of   1910: 

A  fine  of  $200  was  imposed  on  the  James  A.  Blanchard  Co., 
St.  Joseph,  Mich.,  for  shipment  into  Nebraska  of  misbranded 
lead  arsenate;  for  shipment  into  Iowa  of  misbranded  Paris 
green;  and  for  shipment  into  Iowa  of  lead  arsenate  which  was  . 
adulterated  and  misbranded.  The  lead  arsenate  shipped  into 
Nebraska  bore  a  label  which  falsely  stated  that  it  contained  15 
per  cent,  arsenic  oxide.  Despite  label  statement  each  package 
of  Paris  green  contained  less  than  one  pound  net.  Label 
statement  on  third  shipment  falsely  claimed  soluble  arsenic 
oxide  less  than  75/100  of  1   per  cent. 

The  Blumaker-Frank  Drug  Co.,  of  Portland,  Ore.,  was  fined 
$100  for  shipping  misbranded  "Whale  Oil  Soap,"  label  on 
which  product  falsely  stated  "This  so?p  is  highly  and  univer- 
sally esteemed  as  a  destroyer  of  moths,  worms,  lice  and  all 
insects  that  infest  plants,  shrubs  and  trees,  it  also  operates  as 
a  fertilizer  to  the  plant  or  tree."  The  name  and  percentage 
of  water,  an  inert  substance  which  was  present,  was  not  stated, 
nor  in  lieu  thereof  were  the  names  and  percentage  amounts 
of  the  active  ingredients  and  the  total  percentage  of  the  inert 
ingredient  stated.  Product  was  further  misbranded  because 
the    label    bore    the    statement,    "Put    up    by    Blumaker-Frank 


Drug  Company,  Wholesale  Importing  and  Manufacturing 
Druggists,  Portland,  Oregon,"  whereas  the  product  was  in  fact 
put  up  by  Fisher-'l  horsen  &  Co.,  Portland. 

A  fine  of  $5U  was  imposed  on  the  Formacone  Co.,  Newark, 
N.  J.,  for  shipment  to  Washington,  D.  C,  of  an  article  called 
"Sanoc,"  which  was  misbranded.  Circular  statement,  which 
follows,  was  misleading: 

"Sanoc  is  a  powerful  disinfectant,  being  superior  to  carbolic 
acid  on  account  of  being  non-caustic,  non-poisonous,  and  more 
economical.  .  .  .  One  ounce  ot  Sanoc  to  a  gallon  of  water  makes 
a  powerlul  disinfectant  and  antiseptic  and  will  destroy  all 
germs  and  odors  at  once.     . 

Water,  and  the  percentage  of  this  inert  ingredient,  were  not 
stated,  nor  were  the  names  and  percentages  of  each  ingredient 
having  tnsecticidal  or  fungicidal  properties  and  the  total  per- 
centage of  the  inert  ingredient  stated  on  the  label. 

The  Western  Chemical  Co.,  New  York,  was  fined  $50  for 
shipping  "The  Great  Western  Bug  Extermmator,"  which  was 
misbranded  in  that  label  claimed  product  would  kill  or  destroy 
roaches  and  that  it  was  not  poisonous  and  not  inflammable. 
The  two  samples  analyzed  differed  in  composition,  one  being 
a  carbolic  preparation  and  poisonous.  It  would  not  kill  or 
destroy  roaches  and  consisted  partially  of  water,  this  ingredient 
and  these  having  active  insecticidal  properties  not  being  men- 
tioned. The  other  specimen  contained  nitrobenzene  and  a 
mineral  oil  and  was  poisonous  and  inflammable. 

The  C.  G.  Belts  Co.,  Spokane,  Wash.,  was  fined  $25  and 
costs  for  the  shipment  of  "Inlaid  Lime-Sulphur  Spray,"  which 
consisted  partially  of  water,  the  name  and  percentage  amount 
of  which  was  not  stated.  The  names  of  the  ingredients  having 
insecticidal  or  fungicidal  properties  were  not  given. 

A  fine  of  $25  was  imposed  on  the  Hood  River  Spray  Manu- 
facturing Co.,  Oregon,  for  shipment  into  Washington  of 
"Nigara  Spray,"  which  consisted  partially  of  water  and  relative 
to  which  inert  ingredient  the  required  statement  was  not  made. 

J.  C.  Pierson,  New  York,  was  fined  $25  for  shipment  into 
Colorado  of  "Stott's  Fir  Tree  Oil  Soap."  Misbranding  was 
alleged  because  the  product  was  manufactured  by  the  Thomp- 
son Carbolic  Soap  Co.  Further,  because,  contrary  to  label 
statement,  it  was  not  effective  for  killing  San  Jose  scale  or 
for  killing  aphis  and  all  insects  that  infest  plants.  The  state- 
ment on  the  label  that  it  contained  85  per  cent,  of  soap  was 
also   discovered   to   be   untrue.      Product   also   contained   water. 

William  Branson,  Bloomington,  III.,  was  fined  $25  for  ship- 
ping to  California  an  insecticide  known  as  "Insectonos,"  which 
product,  contrary  to  label  claim,  was  not  effective  to  exter- 
minate red  spiders.  It  was  further  misbranded  in  that  the 
article  consisted  partially  of  charcoal,  name  and  percentage  of 
which  inert  ingredient  was  not  stated,  nor  in  lieu  thereof  were 
the  names  and  percentage  amounts  of  each  ingredient  having 
insecticidal  and  fungicidal  properties  and  the  total  percentage 
of  the  inert  ingredient  stated  on  the  label. 

Peter,  Thomas  and  Andrew  Kerr,  co-partners,  doing  busi- 
ness as  Kerr,  Gifford  &  Co.,  Portland,  Ore,,  were  fined  $25 
for  the  shipment  of  "Hemingway's  Pure  Lead  Arsenate," 
which  was  adulterated  and  misbranded.  Contrary  to  label 
statement,  the  substance  consisted  of  more  than  50  per  cent, 
water,  less  than  15  per  cent,  arsenic  oxide,  less  than  32  per 
cent.  lead  oxide  and  each  package  contained  less  than  "2 
pounds  net." 

A  fine  of  $10  and  costs  was  imposed  on  the  Sherwin- 
Williams  Co.,  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  for  shipment  into  Kansas 
of  a  quantity  of  Paris  green,  each  package  of  which,  contrary 
to  label  statement,  contained  less  than  one  pound. 

The  Grasselli  Chemical  Co.,  of  New  Orleans,  was  fined  $10 
and  costs  for  shipping  adulterated  and  misbranded  arsenate  of 
lead  paste,  adulterated  because  it  contained  more  than  the  50 
pe»'  cent,  water  allowed  by  law  and  the  excess  water  was  not 
declared.  Product  was  misbranded  because  the  label  mislead- 
ingly  claimed  a  water  content  of  not  over  50  per  cent.,  claimed 
15  per  cent,  arsenic  oxide,  and  claimed  the  contents  of  the 
package  as  one  pound. 

The  Sanitas  Co.,  New  York  City,  was  fined  $10  for  shipping 
"Sanitas,"  which  was  misbranded.  Contrary  to  label  statement, 
product  possessed  only  weak  germicidal  and  disinfectant  prop- 
erties and  did  not  generate  o.xygen.  It  was  misbranded  also 
because  it  consisted  partially  of  water,  and  the  proper  label 
statements  required  were  not  made. 

The  Dr.  David  Roberts  Veterinary  Co.,  of  Waukesha,  Wis., 
was  fined  $10  for  shipping  "Dr.  David  Roberts  Disinfectall 
for  Dipping  Livestock.     To  Prevent  Disease  and  Kill  Para- 


40 


THE   PHARAIACEUTIC^Uj    ERA 


[January,  1914 


sites,"  the  packages  of  which  contained  less  than  one  gallon, 
as  stated  on  the  label.  The  claims  that  tlie  product  was  in- 
\-aluable  for  destroying  mange  and  all  parasites  of  live  stock 
were  not  true. 

William  McCann,  of  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  was  fined  $10  for 
shipment  of  "Security  Carbolized  Disinfectant,"  which  consisted 
partially  of  water,  relative  to  which  inert  ingredient  proper 
label  statements  were  not  made. 

George  E.  Littlefield,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  trading  as  the 
Sterling  Chemical  Co.,  entered  a  plea  of  nolo  contendere  to  an 
information  alleging  the  sliipment  oi  a  product  called  "Crcolu- 
sol,"  which  was  misbranded  in  that  the  label  misleadingly 
stated  that  it  was  non-poisonous  and  perfectly  harmless  to 
animals  and  tlie  contents  of  the  cans  amounted  to  one  quart. 
Product  also  consisted  partially  of  water  and  the  proper  label 
statements  were  not  made. 

The  defendant  having  entered  a  plea  of  non  vult,  the  court 
suspended  sentence  in  a  case  against  William  H.  Rust,  New 
Brunswick,  N.  J.,  charged  with  the  shipment  of  a  quantity 
of  "Rusoline,"  which  was  misbranded.  Each  can,  contrary  to 
label  statement,  contained  less  than  one  quart. 

A  decree  of  condemnation,  by  default,  was  entered  against 
five  cases  of  lead  arsenate  libeled  at  Jacksonville,  Fla.  Pack- 
ages were  labeled:  "Hemingway's  1  lb.  Net  1  lb.  Net  Pure 
Lead  Arsenate.  Hemingway's  London  Purple  Co.  I-d.  New 
York  and  London.  .  .  .  .(Analysis:  Arsenic  O.xide,  15%, 
Lead  O.xide,  about  32%,  W'ater,  50%.  Soluble  Arsenic  under 
54%.  Hemingway's  Lead  Arsenate  conforms  to  the  require- 
ments of  official  entomologists  and  agriculturists,  and  to  the 
provisions  of  the  Federal  laws."  Product  was  adulterated  and 
misbranded  because  it  contained  more  than  SO  per  cent,  of 
water,  and  in  that  the  content  of  the  packages  was  less  than 
one  pound  on  a  50  per  cent,  water  basis. 


Legal  Tolerances  for  Commercial  Drug- 
gists' Weights. 

In   the  November   Bulletin   of   the   State   Superintendent   of 

Weights  and  Measures,  F.  Reichmann,  Ph.D.,  appears  this 
official  table  of  tolerances  for  commercial  druggists'  weights, 
as  follows: 

Troy                      Tolerances       Weight  Tolerances 

Ounces :  Kilograms : 

12                 4.00  gr.       10 2000  mg. 

10  ". 4.00  5 1500 

8     3.00  2 800 

5 3.00  1 500 

4                  2.00  Grams: 

s""             2.00  500 350 

2                  2.00  200 200 

1 1.00  100 ISO 

Drachms:  50 100 

8          1.00  20 SO 

6       1.00  10 40 

4          0.70  5 20 

3        0.60  2 15 

2 0.50  1 10 

1 0.30  Milligram : 

Scruples:  500 6 

3                   0.30  200 6 

2     0.30  100 2.5 

1 0.15  50 2.0 

Grain: 

20 0.15 

15 0.15 

10 0.10 

5 0.08 

2 0.05 

1 0.03 

PTJBE   FOOD   LAW   50   PER   CENT.    EFFICIENT. 


Education  of  Manufacturers  Advocated  Before  Na- 
tional Civic  Federation — Few  Deliberate  Frauds. 
The  National  Civic  Federation  held  its  annual  meeting  at 
the  Hotel  Astor,  Dec.  11  to  13.  President  Jnmcs  L.  Wallis, 
of  the  National  Association  of  Food  and  Dairy  Officials,  pre- 
sented a  paper  in  which  he  confessed  the  inefficient  execution 
of  the  National  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act  and  the  State  laws. 
He  regarded  them  as  only  SO  per  cent,  efficient.     This  state  of 


affairs  was  due  to  ignorance.  Educational  methods  should  be 
employed.  It  did  not  suffice  to  inform  the  people  of  the 
frauds  consummated  by  the  manuiacturer,  the  best  work  of 
education  should  be  devoted  to  the  manufacturer  and  dealer. 
Only  10  per  cent,  of  the  violations  of  the  law  were  violations 
due  to  deliberate  fraud.  Ninety  per  cent,  arose  from  ignorance 
and  carelessness. 

The  speaker  did  not  consider  the  penalties  heavy  enough  to 
deter  the  manufacturers  who  deliberately  defrauded  the  con- 
sumer. The  object  of  all  pure  food  and  drug  laws  is  to  obtain, 
quickly,  a  perfection  of  supply.  This  end  might  be  obtained 
soonest  by  educating  manufacturers  and  dealers,  most  of  whom 
are  honest.  Mr.  Wallis  also  contended  that  there  should  be 
but  one  organization  for  all  the  health  activities  of  the  Federal 
government.  The  States  should  have  similar  organizations. 
Further,  "the  States  sliould  endow  the  Federal  inspectors  with 
State  power  and  the  Stale  inspectors  should  be  endowed  with 
Federal  powers,  so  that  each  might  have  the  authority  of  the 
other,  and  tliere  should  be  no  sanctuary  of  safety  for  the 
adulterator.  When  a  city  or  a  State  laboratory  has  work  to  do 
in  a  city  where  the  Federal  government  has  a  laboratory,  that 
work  should  be  done  in  the  Federal  laboratory." 

Other  speakers  were  Dr.  A.  D.  Melvin,  of  the  Bureau  of 
Animal  Industry ;  Dr.  Harvey  W.  Wiley,  and  Charles  Wesley 
Dunn,  author  of  Dunn's  Pure  Food  Manual.  Seth  Low  was 
re-elected  president,  and  Samuel  Gompers,  vice-president,  of 
the  Federation. 


ESSENTIAL   OIL   FIRMS   SEEK  TARIFF  RULING. 


From  Temporary   Organization  With   Christian   Beil- 
stein  as  Chairman — Oppose  Sandalwood  Duty. 

In  order  to  take  concerted  action  toward  securing  a  ruling 
from  the  Treasury  Department  officials  on  the  interpretation 
of  paragraph  49  of  the  Underwood-Simmons  tariff  act  relating 
to  perfumery  and  raw  materials,  the  leading  crude  drug  im- 
porters and  manufacturers  of  essential  oils  recently  met  at  the 
Drug  and  Chemical  Club.  Those  present  had  learned  that  the 
custom  officials  at  the  port  of  New  York  proposed  to  assess 
a  20  per  cent,  duty  on  sandalwood.  This  product  they  con- 
sidered not  dutiable  under  the  new  tariff,  sandalwood  and  orris 
root,  crude  drugs,  not  being  dutiable  under  the  provisions  of 
the  free  list.  They  should  therefore  not  be  dutiable  under 
paragraph  49  of  the  tariff  act  embracing  perfumery  raw 
materials. 

Christian  Beilstein,  secretary  of  Dodge  &  Olcott,  wholesale 
drug  dealers,  87  Fulton  street,  was  elected  chairman  of  a 
temporary  organization  to  take  the  matter  in  charge.  An  early 
ruling  will  be  called  for  from  the  Treasury  Department 
officials.  It  was  shown  at  the  initial  meeting  that  sandalwood 
and  orris  root  are  put  through  a  special  process  before  they 
may  be  classified  as  perfumery  raw  materials.  Fully  90  per 
cent,  of  the  tw^o  products,  it  was  stated,  are  used  in  the  drug 
manufacturing  business. 


BOARD    OP    HEALTH    ADOPTS    MERCURY    LAW. 


New  York  Pharmacists  Must  Sell  Only  "Colored  Tab- 
lets Individually  Wrapped" — Glass  Container. 

By  resolution,  the  local  Department  of  Health,  of  which 
Dr.  Ernst  J.  Lederle  is  the  head,  adopted  the  following  amend- 
ment to  the  Sanitary  Code,  which  is  to  be  known  as  67a,  and 
will  take  effect  March  1,  1914: 

Whereas,  Bichloride  of  mercury,  otherwise  corrosive 
sublimate,  a  poison,  has  frequently  been  taken  by 
mistake  and  loss  of  life  has  resulted  therefrom,  there- 
fore be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  sanitary  code  be  and  the  same  is 
hereby  amended  by  the  adoption  of  an  additional 
section  to  be  known  as  section  67a,  to  take  effect 
March  1,   1914,  and  to  read  as  follows: 

"67a.  Bichloride  of  mercury,  otherwise  known  as  cor- 
rosive sublimate,  shall  not  be  held,  kept,  sold  or  offered  for 
sale  at  retail  in  the  dry  form  except  in  colored  tablets 
individually  wrapped,  the  wrapper  to  have  the  word 
'POISON'  in  plain  letters  conspicuously  placed,  and  dis- 
pensed in  sealed  containers  of  glass,  conspicuously  labeled 
with  the  word  'POISON'  in  red  letters. 

"This  section  docs  not  apply  to  tablets  containing  I.'IO 
of  a  grain  or  less  of  bichloride  of  mercury." 


January,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


41 


How  Septorin  Tablets  Are  Introduced. 
The  Septorin  Drug  Co.,  tf  Baltimore,  a  $100,000  concern, 
is  putting  on  the  market  a  new  internal  antiseptic  and  laxative. 
The  preparation  is  put  up  in  10-,  25-  and  50-cent.  packages, 
and  the  equipment  includes  packages,  cartons,  counter  display 
stand,  etc.  The  newspaper  advertising  is  done  sectionally,  and 
prior  to  its  appearance  every  druggist  in  the  territory  in  which 


the  advertisements  appeared  was  sent  by  parcel  post  a  metal 
display  stand  containing  half  a  dozen  small-size  packages  of 
the  tablets.  These  were  sent  with  the  compliments  of  the 
makers,  and  insured  distribution  in  every  drug  store  in  the 
territory  mentioned.  When  the  advertising  began  in  this 
Eastern  territory  every  retail  druggist  had  the  stand — a  cut 
of  which  appears  herewith — on  his  counter,  and  the  amount 
of  the  sales  was  very  gratifying  to  both  the  druggists  and  the 
manufacturers. 


Endorsement   of  the   Mulford   Products. 

An  emphatic  endorsement  of  the  competence  and  skill  shown 
by  the  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.,  and  the  products  of  their  manu- 
facture, is  furnished  by  the  report  of  Dr.  W.  A.  Puckner, 
director  of  the  chemical  laboratory  of  the  American  Medical 
Association,  published  in  the  Journal  of  the  A.M.A.  of  Sept. 
13,  1913.  This  report  covers  an  investigation  of  a  number  of 
products  furnished  by  20  different  manufacturers,  an  attempt 
being  made  to  summarize  and  classify  the  results  in  various 
ways.  The  preparations  examined  consisted  of  such  pharma- 
ceuticals as  hypodermic  tablets  of  morphine  sulphate,  tablets 
of  potassium  iodide,  solution  of  potassium  arsenite,  fiuid- 
extracts  of  hydrastis,  digitalis,  etc.,  the  standard  of  those 
named,  with  the  exception  of  fluidextract  of  digitalis,  being 
definhely  fixed  either  by  the  Pharmacopoeia  or  the  manu- 
facturer's claim.  The  digitalis  samples  were  examined  for 
Dr.  Puckner  by  Dr.  R.  A.  Hatcher  with  the  result,  that  of 
the  19  fluidextracts  under  investigation,  the  fluidextract  of 
digitalis  of  the  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.  fully  represented  a  digitalis 
of  good  quality,  and  that  the  next  in  value  only  possessed 
65.8  per  cent,  of  the  strength  of  the  Mulford  preparation. 
The  other  18  fluidextracts  of  digitalis  ranged  from  65.8  per 
cent,  down  to  a  minimum  of  29.25  per  cent.  The  fact  that 
the  l^ulford  preparation  attained  first  place  in  this  examina- 
tion is  evidence  that  this  company  is  doing  its  best  to  furnish 
standard  pharmaceuticals. 


foreign  commerce.  The  company  had  been  putting  out  a 
high  quality  line  of  molded  water  bottles,  syringes,  ice  caps, 
etc.,  under  the  name  of  "Crest."  About  a  year  after  the  line 
was  issued  it  was  learned  that  an  Eastern  concern,  by  right 
of  prior  usage,  had  pre-empted  the  name,  although  the  name 
itself  had  not  been  registered.  The  Goodrich  company  at  once 
issued  the  line  under  the  name  "Maxiraerit,"  but  this  con- 
flicted with  some  other  trade  designation,  and  the  word 
"Endure"  was  fixed  upon.  Again  it  was  found  that  another 
firm  had  prior  rights,  although  the  name  was  not  registered. 
The  initials  "B.F.G."  of  the  company  have  now  been  taken 
as  a  final  choice.  The  "B.F.G."  will  appear  in  monogram 
form  on  medallion  and  label  on  all  the  goods  of  this  line, 
which  is  claimed  to  be  unusually  excellent  in  quality,  of 
attractive  appearance,  leakproof  construction,  and  "wears  like 
leather"  in  service. 


MURRAY'S 


The  B.  F.  Goodrich  Co.  and  Trade-marks. 
The  B.   F.   Goodrich   Co.,   makers  of  rubber   goods   of  every 
description,  are  advocating — as  a  result  of  recent  experiences — 
compulsory  registration  of  all  trade-marks  used  in  interstate  or 


A  New  Package   and  An  Old  Friend. 

The   old-time   charcoal    wagon,    which    appears   on    the    label 
of  the  handsome  metal  box  in  which  Murray's  Charcoal  Tab- 
lets  are   now   sold,    is   the   only   thing   old-fashioned   about   the 
tablets  unless   it   is  their  high 
quality.     The  new-style  pack- 
age   protects    the    tablet    from 
moisture   and    impurities,    and 
economical  methods  of  manu- 
facture   enable    the    proprietor 
to   give   a    much    larger   pack- 
age   than    previously    sold    at 
retail  for  25   cents. 

To  meet  the  demand  for  a 
10-cent  article  a  smaller  pack- 
age is  now  put  up  in  the  same 
style,  containing  about  one- 
third  the  quantity  of  the 
larger  size. 

Every  druggist  knows  the 
value  of  charcoal  in  various 
digestive  troubles — for  many 
years  nothing  but  powdered 
charcoal,  which  is  not  soluble 
in  water,  untidy  and  difficult 
to  swallow,  could  be  had,  but 
the    introduction    of   Murray's 

Charcoal  Tablets  by  A.  J.  Ditman,  druggist.  New  York,  solved 
the  problem  and  the  public  appreciated  their  convenience. 

Lilly   Gets   the   New   Lloyd   Reagent. 

Eli  Lilly  &  Co.  have  acquired  the  sole  privilege  of  making 
and  marketing  the  alkaloidal  reagent  known  as  "Lloyd's  Re- 
agent," a  form  of  hydrous  aluminum  silicate  perfected  by  John 
Uri  Lloyd,  of  Cincinnati.  They  have  also  acquired  the  right 
to  manufacture  all  commercial  products,  medicinal  or  other- 
wise, in  which  the  trade-mark  term  "Alcresta"  is  used.  As 
the  reagent  has  become  commonly  known  as  "Lloyd's  Reagent," 
that  term  'in  connection  with  the  scientific  name  "Hydrous 
Aluminum  Silicate"  will  be  hereafter  accepted  as  the  name  of 
the  reagent  itself,  which  will  be  so  labeled,  "Alcresta"  being 
the  trade-mark  term.  At  the  October  meeting  of  the  Chicago 
Branch,  A.Ph.A.,  the  principal  topic  of  discussion  was 
"alcresta,"  Prof.  A.  H.  Clark  demonstrating  its  properties.  An 
extended  report  of  the  demonstration  and  ensuing  discussion 
appeared  on  page  611   of  the  December  Era. 

New  Preparations  from  Wilford  Hall  Laboratories. 
According  to  Adolph  Bakst,  general  representative  of  Wil- 
ford Hall  Laboratories,  who  has  just  returned  from  a  trip  to 
the  Pacific  Coast,  and  New  York  manager  A.  H.  Higbie,  busi- 
ness is  good  in  both  sections,  while  the  Coast  expects  a  boom 
within  the  next  two  years.  The  Wilford  Hall  Laboratories 
have  recently  placed  on  the  market  two  new  preparations, 
the  Tak-a-way  Headache  Bandage  which  by  mere  outward 
application  is  claimed  to  do  the  work  of  depressing  remedies; 
and  the  "Little  First  Aid  Packet,"  a  miniature  surgical  dress- 
ing for  cuts  which  takes  the  place  of  the  old-fashioned  court 
plaster. 

Prevention   of   Bichloride    Poisoning. 
The  Wm.  S.  Merrell   Chemical  .Company  has  introduced  an 
antiseptic   to  take   the   place   of   bichloride   of   mercury   tablets. 
This   Antiseptic   Leaf  consists   of   a   thick,    bibulous   paper,   in 


42 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[January,  1914 


which  has  been  absorbed  the  same  quantity  of  bichloride  mix- 
ture as  is  contained  in  the  tablet.  One  of  these  leaves  added 
to  a  pint  of  water  makes  a  solution  1-1000.  This  form  of 
product  is  so  distinct  that  there  would  be  no  danger  of  its 
being  mistaken  for  a  medicinal  preparation  and  the  body  being 
an  insoluble,  non-edible  material,  it  cannot  be  eaten,  even  if 
the  attempt  were  made.  Antiseptic  Leaves  are  put  _up  in 
convenient  packages  of  25 — wrapped  in  self-sealing  water- 
proof paper  and  packed  in  a  carton  with  complete  label  and 
directions  for  making  a  solution  of  various  strengths.  They 
are  sold  at  the  usual  Merrell  discount. 


Nifty-Nibbs,  a  Real  Candy  Cathartic. 
The  advertisement  of  the  Therapeutic  Specialty  Co.,  mak- 
ers of  Nifty-Xibbs,  in  this  issue  is  a  striking  example  of  trade 
journal  publicity  and  in  keeping  with  the  sales  campaign  now 
being  carried  on  by  this  concern.  A  chocolate-covered  con- 
fection, each  cream  containing  a  teaspoonful  of  pure  castor 
oil,  the  best-known  la.xative,  Nifty-Nibbs  neither  taste  nor 
smell  of  the  oil,  thus  making  them  particularly  effective  with 
children.  This  preparation  is  sold  so  that  the  druggist  makes 
75  cents  profit  on  an  investment  of  $1.20,  and  a  handsome 
12-package  counter  display  case  minimizes  the  salesmanship 
required  to  make  Nifty-Nibbs  a  "quick-seller."  See  advertise- 
ment and  coupon  for  further  details. 


"1914  Model"  Guarantee  Iceless  Fountains. 
Beauty  and  durability  have  been  successfully  combined  in 
the  1914  model  of  the  Guarantee  Iceless  soda  fountain,  which 
is  announced  through  their  distributors.  These  makers  were 
among  the  first  to  appreciate  the  desirability  of  stainless,  non- 
absorbent  opal  glass  in  such  construction,  and  have  utilized 
this  material  to  striking  advantage  in  their  new  "Crvstal  King" 
■outfit,  in  which  the  pure  white  stainless  opal  is  combined  with 
heav>-  German  silver,  silver  oak,  and  just  enough  color  in  the 
electric  light  fi-xtures,  art  gl^ss,  verde  marble  and  pilasters  to 
give  the  apparatus  "life."  Prospctive  soda-fountain  purchasers 
are  invited  to  send  their  names  to  the  Fountain  Specialty  Co. 
for  use  on  the  new  mailing  lists. 


'•Clearance  Sales"  Without  Cutting  Prices. 
The  Brenard  Mfg.  Co.  are  advertising  elsewhere  in  this  i.ssue 
a  business-getting  method  which  is  strongly  endorsed  by  a 
number  of  users,  two  drug  companies  being  quoted  in  their 
advertisement.  By  the  use  of  their  plan  they  claim  it  is  pos- 
sible for  a  druggist  to  hold  the  largest  clearance  sale  in  his 
history  without  reducing  his  regular  prices  one  cent.  This 
system  goes  to  but  one  druggist  in  a  community,  and  all  in- 
terested are  requested  to  either  write  or  telegraph  at  once, 
as  the  Brenard  Co.  will  close  the  deal  with  the  first  merchant 
who  wishes  it  in  any  city  or  town.  See  their  advertisement  for 
further  details. 


Big  Offer  in  Cold  Tablets. 
M  this  season  of  the  year  particularly  druggists  are  making 
money  by  pushing  cold  tablets,  either  under  their  own  name 
or  some  special  preparation.  There  is  always  satisfaction  in 
being  able  to  push  a  good  cold  tablet  with  your  own  name  on 
the  label,  and  there  is  usually  more  money  return  than  from 
handling  a  proprietary  preparation.  Druggists  interested  in 
this  specialty  are  requested  to  write  to  D.  C.  Leo  &  Co., 
whose  advertisement  appears  elsewhere,  for  samples  and  for 
their  "big  offer"  on  Formula  D.  cold  tablets,  mentioning  the 
Era. 


Ten-Cent  Tablets  of  Good  Bond  Paper. 
The  Western  Tablet  Co.  are  offering  elsewhere  in  this  issue 
a  line  of  10-cent  tablets  of  Hammermill  bond,  a  widely  adver- 
tised writing  paper,  with  envelopes  to  match,  and  are  making 
a  special  introductory  offer  to  dealers  of  a  neat  carton  con- 
taining a  special  assortment  of  tablets  and  envelopes,  together 
*ith  window  cards,  counter  signs.  500  advertising  circulars  and 
a  book  of  500  se'ling  ideas.  This  is  called  the  "Show  Me 
S0%  Profit  Assortment,"  because  it  gives  the  dealer  $6.80 
return  on  an  S8  investment.  See  their  advertisement  for  fur- 
ther details. 


Distinction  in  Store  Fixtures. 

The  Wilmarth  line  of  store  fi.rtures,  made  by  the  Wilmarth 

Show   Case   Co.,   of  Grand  Rapids,   Mich.,   is  well   known  to 

•druggists  the  country   over  ?s  uniting  utility  with  taste  and 

■with   that   "snap"   and    'ndividualitv   which   make   a   store   dis- 


tinctive. Druggists  needing  store  equipment  (or  who  may  be 
thinking  of  such  improvements)  are  requested  to  write  this 
company  for  literature  on  drug-store  fi.\tures.  They  are  built 
for  druggists  wishing  the  "best  possible"  and  not  the  "least 
investment." 


Now  the  Smith-Faus  Drug  Co. 
The  name  of  the  Smith-Bailey  Drug  Co.,  wholesale  drug- 
gists of  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  has  been  changed  to  the  Smith- 
Faus  Drug  Co.,  the  officers  of  the  new  company,  as  well  as 
the  stockholders,  remaining  unchanged,  as  follows:  President, 
E.  C.  Smith;  vice-president  and  manager,  C.  A.  Faus;  Paul 
Franke,  secretar>- ;  L.  M.  Smith,  director,  and  H.  S.  Highett, 
treasurer.  Mr.  Faus  succeeded  Mr.  Bailey  in  the  firm  about 
three  years  ago,  but  for  business  reasons  no  change  was  made 
in  the  style  of  the  firm  at  that  time. 


Customers'  Personal  Letter  Plan. 
The  Bauer  Chemical  Co.,  handlers  of  Sanatogen,  the  "food- 
tonic,"  are  utilizing  in  connection  with  their  sales  campaign  a 
series  of  sales  helps  for  the  benefit  of  the  druggists  handling 
this  preparation.  These  are  planned  to  connect  the  retail 
store  with  this  company's  general  advertising.  Druggists 
handling  Sanatogen,  or  intending  to  do  so,  are  requested  to 
write  for  a  complete  display,  prepaid,  and  also  for  the  "Cus- 
tomers' Personal  Letter  Plan." 


Guilbert  Winchell  New  Liquid  Manager  at  Boston. 
One  of  the  best  liked  young  men  in  the  local  soda-fountain 
field,  Guilbert  Winchell,  was  recently  made  manager  of  the 
Liquid  Carbonic  Company's  Boston  branch,  136  Broadway, 
Cambridge,  Mass.  Mr.  \Vinchell  has  had  considerable  expe- 
rience as  salesman,  office  manager  and  sales  manager  in  the 
company's  New  York  branch  and  is  well  equipped  for  his 
new  position. 

New  Quarters  for  Canadian  H.  W.  Johns-Manville 
Company,  Ltd. 
The  Toronto  branch  of  the  Canadian  H.  W.  Johns-Manville 
Co.,  Ltd.,  announces  its  removal  to  more  spacious  quarters  at 
No.  19  Front  street.  East.  This  new  store  and  warehouse  has 
a  floor  area  cf  appro.ximately  35,000  sq.  ft.  and  is  situated 
in  the  heart  of  the  wholesale  district. 


Calendars  and  Educational  Charts. 
The  druggist  who  wishes  a  maximum  of  advertising  return 
from  calendars  is  invited  by  the  Grand  Rapids  Stationery  Co. 
to  get  in  touch  with  them  in  regard  to  their  calendar  and 
educational  chart  which  they  term  "one  of  the  most  important 
factors  in  advertising  today."  In  writing  for  sample  and 
prices  please  mention  the  Era. 


Price  List  for  Phenalgin. 
A  new  advertisement  appearing  in  this  issue  is  that  of  the 
Etna  Chemical  Co.,  featuring  Phenalgin,  a  "dependable 
analgesic."  This  advertisement  gives  the  price  in  powder,  2J^ 
and  5-grain  tablets  and  5-grain  pink-top  capsules.  For  trade 
discounts,  etc.,   write  the  manufacturers. 


BUSINESS   TROUBLES. 


Albert  C.  Richards,  Bowling  Green,  Ohio;  voluntary  peti- 
tion; debts,  $5229.96;  assets,  $4014.02.    (Modem  Drug  Store.) 

A.  F.  Miller,  druggist,  Coalmont,  Ind. ;  receiver  appointed. 

James  &  Nelson,  Jackson,  Tenn. ;  liabilities,  about  $6000; 
assets  between  $2000  and  $3000. 

Charles  B.  George,  Lawrence,  Ind.;  voliuitary  petition;  lia- 
bilities, $3537.45;  assets,  $3123.50. 

W.  E.  Green,  Northampton,  ilass. ;  creditors'  petition. 

William  M.  DeLay,  Dugger,  Ind.;  liabilities,  $3583.43;  as- 
sets, $2391.86. 

Halden  &  Floyd,  Waterloo,  Iowa;  receiver  appointed.  (Two 
stcres.)  ti 

J.  D.  Magee  Drug  Co.,  Abilene,  Texas;  liabilities  $78,151.78; 
assets,  $79,274.04. 

Higginson  Drug  Co.,  Wichita,  Kan.;  store  and  stock  sold  by 
receiver. 

Mickelson-Shapiro  Co..  vermin  poison  manufacturers;  re- 
ceiver appointed.     Firm  in  business  in  Minneapolis. 

Bartlett  J.  Smith,  druggist,  1960  Seventh  avenue.  New  York; 
receiver  appointed. 

C.  L.  Nixon.  Tchula,  Miss.;  voluntary  petition. 


Jaxu.vry,  1914] 


THE    PELAEllACEUTICAL    ERA 


43 


PATI 


POISON  BOTTLE. 


New    Attachment     Planned     to     Prevent     Accidental 
Poisoning  Through  Careless  Selection  of  Container. 

THE  recent  agitation,  following  a  number  of  deaths  due  to 
accidental  poisoning,  has  suggested  to  various  inventors 
the  desirability  of  containers  for  poisons  that  would 
serve  to  call  the  attention  of  dispensers  and  consumers  to  the 
character  of  the  toxic  substances  they  were  handling.  A  new 
device  of  this  character,  the  invention  of  Axel  L.  Larsen,  St. 


Paul,  Minn.  (Patent  No.  1,080,464),  is  an  alarm  for  poison 
bottles  comprising  an  elastic  attaching  member,  an  arm  se- 
cured to  and  extending  from  the  attaching  member,  a  bell 
secured  to  one  terminal  of  the  arm,  a  rubber  element  depending 
from  the  arm  and  located  within  the  bell,  and  a  metallic  sound- 
ing object  carried  by  said  element.  When  the  bottle  is  opened, 
an  alarm  is  sounded  on  the  bell. 


Soluble  Capsule  for  Medicine. 
.\  novel  feature  is  presented  in  a  capsule  for  medicine,  the 

invention  of  Montague 
Pollock,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
(Patent  No.  1,079,438). 
The  capsule,  which  is 
soluble,  consists  of  two 
parts,  one  part  telescop- 
ing over  a  portion  of  the 
other,  and  having  inter- 
engaging  notches  in  the 
parts  whereby  the  parts 
are  not  permitted  to  separate  when  once  the  capsule  has  been 
assembled.  A  reproduction  of  the  capsule  is  shown  in  the 
accompanying  illustration. 


/'^79.^3B 


Combination    Ice    Bag,    Water    Bottle    and    Fountain 
Syringe. 

Charles  J.  Barrenpohl,  of  New  York,  has  devised  a  com- 
bination apparatus  which  can  be  utilized  for  any  of  the  pur- 
poses'named  in  the  above  title  (Patent  No.  1,079,203).  It 
cons'^  of  the  combination  of  a  container  having  a  mouth 
fitted^ith  a  screw-threaded  collar  and  closure  means  therefor, 
the  closure  including  a  cap  screw  threaded  into  the  collar 
and  having  an  opening  therethrough  and  a  plug  having 
a  plurality  of  shanks  adapted  to  co-operate  in  said  cap, 
opening  with  the  plug  on  either  the  inside  or  outside  of  said 
cap.  One  of  the  shanks  is  solid,  while  the  other  is  provided 
with  a  central  bore,  the  latter  also  including  a  nipple  on  the 
side  opposite  the  shank  having  the  bore  and  through  which 
the  bore  extends. 


PATENTS. 


Granted  November   18,    1913. 

1,078,607 — Amos  Calleson,  assignor  to  Benjamin  Adriance,  Brook- 
lyn,  N.   Y.     Bottle  sealing  machine. 

1,078,691— Frank  G.  Perkins,  deceased.  Lansdale,  Pa.,  et  al,  as- 
signor to  Perkins  Glue  Co.     Vegetable  glue. 

1,078,723 — Frank  Dodge,  assignor  to  Frederic  R.  Sawyer,  Maiden, 
Mass.,  and  Arthur  E.  Coffin,  Newton,  Mass.     Labeling  machine. 

1.078,737— John   Letora,   Tuolumne,   Cal.     Non-refillable   bottle. 

1,078,893— Charles  Francis  Allen,  New  Brighton,  N.  Y.  Process  of 
producing  tannin  and  the  product. 

1,079.074— William  B.  Thompson,  Chicago,  111.  Bottle  closure  or 
seal. 

1,079,158— Richard  C.  Beatty,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  Display  device  for 
bottles  and   analogous  articles. 

1,079,192— Charles   N.    Sowden,   Guantanamo,   Cuba.     Bottle  holder. 

1,079,203 — Charles  J.  Barrenpohl,  New  York.  Combined  ice  bag, 
water   bottle   and   fountain    syringe. 

1,079,238 — Charles  Hammer,  assignor  to  American  Metal  Cap  Co., 
Brooklyn,   N.   Y.     Bottle  cap  or  seal. 

1,079.246— Josef  Houben,  assignor  to  The  Firm  of  J.  D.  Riedel 
Aktiengesellschaft.  Berlin-Britz,  Germany.  Process  for  the 
manufacture  of  nitroso  derivatives  of  phenyl-glycin-ortho-car- 
boxylic  acid. 

1,079,295— Joseph  V.  Irenius  and  Clayton  B.  Weaver.  Newark,  N.  J. 
Bottle  handling  mechanism. 

Granted   November   25,    1913. 

1,079,387— William  J.   Beisel,   Brooklyn,  N.  Y.     Non-refillable  bottle. 
1,079.403 — Louis  J.   Crecelius,  assignor  to  Charles  A.   Thompson,   St. 

Louis.   Mo.     Refillable   bottle. 
1,079,438 — Montague   Pollock.    New   York.     Capsule   for   medicine. 
1,079,527— Edward   Moore   Wallace,    New   Orleans,   La.     Bag   closure 

and   carrier. 
1,079,541— Emil    Collet,    assignor    to    Norsk    Hydro-EIektrisk    Kvael- 

stofaktieselskab,   Christiania.   Nor\vay. 
1,079.618— John    H.    Trayne.    assignor    to    Elma    Mfg.    Co.,    Groton, 

Mass.     Toothbrush  holder. 
1,079.693— Alex.  B.  Davis,  assignor  to  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  Indianapolis, 

Ind.     Mercury    compounds   and   processes   of   producing    same. 
1.079,705 — Faustin    Hlavati,    Vienna,    Austria-Hungary.      Process    for 

synthetically    preparing    ammonia    and    other    compounds    con- 
taining nitrogen  and  hydrogen. 
1,079.916— August  Jonas  and  Eduard  Tschunker,  assignors  to  Farben- 

fabriken    vorm.     Friedr.     Bayer    &    Co.,     Elberfeld,    Germany. 

Process  of  producing  pinacones. 

Granted  December  2,   1913. 

1,079,974— John  E.  Bucher,  Coventry,  R.  I.  Method  of  producing 
alkali  metals. 

1,080,015— Clarence  J.  Lawson,  Yonkers,  N.  Y.  Machine  for  making 
bottle-caps. 

1,080.066— Herbert  L.  Johnston,  assignor  to  The  Hobart  Electric 
Mfg.  Co.,  Troy,  Ohio.     Refining  machine  for  coffee  and  the  like. 

1,080,070— Leopold  Mambourg,  assignor  to  the  Sanitary  Nursing 
Bottle   Co.,  Columbus.   Ohio.     Nursing  bottle. 

1,080.100— Arthur  Cohn.  Neukolin,  near  Berlin,  Germany.  Process- 
for  the   manufacture   of  lacquers   and   varnishes. 

1,080,141- Charles  W.   De  Lanev,  Hammond.  Ind.     Label   moistener. 

1,080,293— Burris   M.    Morton,   Koshkonong,   Mo.     Bottle. 

1,080,311— Augustus  C.  Watts,  assignor  of  one-half  to  .Andrew  Win- 
ter and  Frank  Oestreicher  and  one-half  to  Williard  B.  For- 
svthe,  Columbus.  Ohio.     Non-refillable  bottle. 

1.080 '318— Tohn    Behringer,    Chicago,    111.      Non-refillable   bottle. 

1,080.331— Elena  Mavolini  de  Valdes,   New  York.     Bottle   stopper. 

1,080,464— Axel   L.    Larsen,    St.    Paul,   Minn.     Poison    bottle. 
Granted   December  9,   1913. 

1,080.633— Svlvester  B.  Husch  and  George  S.  Husch,  New  York, 
N.  Y.     Tooth  brush. 

1,080,63-1 — Same  as   preceding. 

1,080.659— Charles  F.  Schuh,  assignor  to  Robert  J.  Wilkie,  Saugus, 
Mass.     Stopper  for  hot-water  bottles. 

1,080.747— Thomas  J.  Buckley,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.  Metal  con- 
tainer. 

1.080.835— George  T.   Kelly,  .'Vttleboro,  Mass.     Atomizer. 

1,080,891- Joseph  P.  Carson,  Chesterfield,  Va.  Stopper  for  closing 
and   sealing  bottles. 

1,080.085— George  F.  Barlow,  East  Long  Meadow,  Mass.  Bottle 
stopper. 

1,081.107— Francis  A.  Freeth,  Great  Crosby,  and  Herbert  E.  Cock- 
sedge,  London.  England.  Process  of  making  ammonium  nitrate 
bv  the  ammonia-soda  process. 

1,081.156— .John  Sharp,  assignor  of  one-half  to  Clifford  A.  Greenleaf, 
San  Bernardino.  Cal.     Lock  seal  bottle. 

1.0S1.17S— Robert  Werner.  Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,  Germany. 
Strontium  salt  of  cholic  acid. 

1,081.276 — Benjamin  F.  A.  Saylor.  assignor  by  mesne  assignments 
to  Standard  Turpentine  and  Wood  Pulp  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga. 
Process   for  extracting  turpentine   and   rosin  from   wood. 

Carbolic  Salve. 

Petrolatum    16  ounces 

Yellow  wax   1 J4  ounces 

Camphor 1  ounce 

Oil  of  sassafras 30  drops 


44 


THE   PHAR]\L\CEUTICAL    ERA 


[January,  1914 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  En  Coarse  In  Pharmacy  li  a  syitematlc  home-study  courie, 
designed  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  ot  Phar- 
macy, and  intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  ii  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  58  Lec- 
tures; it  can  be  completed  in  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  the 
experience  ot  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete Prospectus  can  be  had  by  addressing 

Director,   liR.^   CoiRSE  LX    I'H.VRMACY, 

c/o  D.  O.  Haynes  &■  Co., 
No.  3  P.\RK  Place,  New  York. 


EQUATION  WRITING   (Continued). 


WHEN  chlorine  gas  is  passed  into  a  hot  and  concentrated 
solution  of  potassium  hydroxide,  we  know  tliat  both 
potassium  chloride  and  chlorate  are  formed.  In  the 
former  the  valence  of  the  chlorine  atom  is  supposed  to 
be  — 1.  as  we  saw  last  month.  In  the  latter  the  valence  of 
the  chlorine  is  5 ;  it  is  joined  to  three  negative  oxygen  atoms, 
so  that  one  of  their  negative  bonds  is  left  over,  to  unite  with 
the  positive  potassium  atom.  The  chlorine  in  the  free  state 
has  a  valence  of  zero.  Hence  part  of  it  has  its  valence 
lowered  by  1,  while  another  part  has  its  valence  raised  from 
0  to  5.  Consequently,  we  must  take  five  atoms  of  chlorine 
for  the  o.^idation,  and  another  atom  for  the  reduction,  or  six 
in  all.  As  each  molecule  of  the  salts  that  are  formed  con- 
tains one  atom  of  potassium  to  each  chlorine  atom,  six  atoms 
of  potassium  are  needed,  which  means  that  six  molecules  of 
potassium  hydroxide  are  required.  As  five  of  the  CI  atoms 
are  reduced,  in  order  to  oxidize  the  other  CI  atom,  these  five 
atoms  must  form  the  chloride,  and  hence  we  get  five  mole- 
cu'es  of  that  salt.  .-Mso,  one  molecule  of  potassium  chlorate 
will  be  formed.  The  remaining  atoms  are  H  and  O,  which 
form  e.xactly  three  molecules  of  water.  The  completed  equa- 
tion is  therefore 

6KOH-i-6CI=5KCH-KC103+3H-0. 

Another  instructive  example  is  that  of  the  oxidation  of 
arsenous  acid  or  arsenites,  to  arsenic  acid  or  its  salts,  by 
means  of  iodine.  This  reaction  takes  place  during  the  assay 
of  Fowler's  Solution,  when  the  so'ution  of  arsenous  acid  in  a 
weak  a'koli  is  titrated  with  the  volumetric  solution  of  iodine. 
In  As-Oj,  the  .\s  has  a  valence  of  3,  obviously.  In  As-Oj,  the 
valence  is  plainly  5.  Hence,  two  bonds  are  gained  by  the 
arsenic  atom,  or  four  bonds  are  gained  by  the  two  atoms  in 
the  molecule.  The  iodine  changes  to  hydriodic  acid,  and 
therefore  has  its  valence  changed  from  0  to  — 1.  The  arsenic 
therefore  gains  four  bonds,  or  charges,  whi'e  the  iodine  loses 
one.  Hence  we  must  take  four  atoms  of  iodine  to  each  mole- 
cule of  arsenous  acid  (.AsjOj).  Water  enters  into  the  reaction 
also.  We  can,  for  simplicity's  sake,  consider  the  reaction  as 
producing  merely  the  anhydride  of  arsenic  acid,  instead  of  the 
acid  itself.  The  equation  then  is  written  at  once: 
AsjO, + 41 -I- 2H.O  =As,Os  +  4HI. 

Another  reaction  of  great  practical  importance  is  that  between 
potassium  permanganate  and  hydrogen  peroxide.  Here  we 
have  a  peculiar  change,  in  that  the  oxygen  itself  is  oxidized. 
In  hydrogen  peroxide  the  two  oxygen  atoms  are  regarded  as 
joined  by  a  single  valence,  just  as  the  two  carbon  atoms  are 
joined  in  ethane.  Two  bonds  are  thus  left,  which  are  united 
to  the  two  hydrogen  atoms.  During  the  reaction  the  oxygen 
is  set  free,  and  bubbles  off  in  gaseous  form.  In  this  state  it 
has  a  valence  of  0;  hence  each  pair  of  oxygen  atoms  gains  a 
total  of  two  bonds.  In  potassium  permanganate  the  manganese 
has  a  valence  of  7,  and  during  the  reaction  is  reduced  to 
manganese  sulphate,  MnSO„  the  manganese  thus  losing  5 
bonds.  According  to  our  rule,  we  must  take  five  molecules 
of  peroxide,  with  two  molecules  of  permanganate,  in  order  to 
balance  the  equation.  Now  if  these  two  substances  are  allowed 
to  react  alone,  the  reaction  does  not  go  to  completion.  Oxides 
of  manganese  are  formed,  which  are  insolub'e  in  water,  and 
the  reaction  stops.  In  order  to  utilize  all  the  oxidizing  power 
of  the  permanganate,  it  is  necessary  to  remove  these  oxides  as 
fast  as  they  are  formed,  which  can  be  done  by  adding  sul- 
phuric acid.  ^Mien  this  is  present  the  reaction  proceeds 
smoothly,    and    a    colorless   solution    results.      Let    us   see   how 


nmcli  sulphuric  acid  is  needed.  Two  molecules  of  potassium 
permanganate  contain  two  potassium  atoms,  which  require  one 
molecule  of  sulphuric  acid.  In  addition,  the  two  manganese 
atoms  require  one  molecule  each,  as  they  are  bivalent  in  the 
sulphate.  This  makes  three  molecules  of  sulphuric  acid  in  all. 
The  oxygen  of  the  permanganate  forms  water  with  the  hydro- 
gen atoms  present,  of  which  there  will  be  16,  10  from  the 
peroxide  and  6  from  the  acid.  Hence  the  complete  equation  is 
2KMnO.  +  5H,0.  +  3H-SO.= K^SO.  +  2MnSO.  -t-  SH^O  +  50j. 
The  equation  balances  perfectly,  all  the  atoms  being  accounted 
for. 

These  examples  suffice  to  show  the  application  of  the  simple 
rule  we  have  given  in  these  pages.  It  is  only  necessary  to 
ascertain  what  valence  changes  take  place  in  the  oxidized  and 
reduced  atoms,  and  then  use  a  number  of  atoms  of  the  oxidized 
substance,  equal  to  the  charges  lost  by  the  reduced  substance, 
and  vice  versa,  use  a  number  of  atoms  of  the  reduced  sub- 
stance, equal  to  the  number  of  charges  gained  by  the  oxidized 
substance.  By  holding  fast  to  this  rule,  the  student  will  always 
be  able  to  think  his  way  through  equations  which  seem  very 
,  complicated  at  first. 


Matriculation      Graduates  to  Dec.  19,  1913.       Graduating 
Number.  Average. 

7785— Henry  Topp,   Norfolk  Navy   Yard,   Va 96 

7786— Bridges  Blalock,    Coleman,   Fla 87 


Used   Era   Course    Only,   Passed   State    Board. 

"Am  pleased  to  advise  that  I  passed  the  Iowa  State  Board 
of  Pharmacy  on  November  19.  While  I  have  only  sent  in 
my  answers  to  the  first  three  Parts,  I  had  gone  through  the 
entire  set,  which  took  me  just  five  weeks,  studying  evenings 
only,   which   was  the  only  available   time   which   I   had. 

"Your  Course  is  the  only  books  which  were  used,  outside 
of  a  quiz  compend,  and  was  also  the  only  studying  I  had  ever 
done  to  prepare  myself  for  a  pharmacy  examination. 

"Will  certainly  recommend  the  Course  to  anyone  wishing 
to  prepare  himself  for  a  State  Board  Examination,  and  for 
myself  cannot  give  it  enough  praise." — E.  T.  Sickel,  Cedar 
Rapids,   Iowa. 

"I  find  that  the  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  is  the  best  and 
cheapest   study   for  a   student   who   would   like   to   learn   phar- 
macy at  home." — W.   F.  Hasek,   Cleveland,   Ohio. 
For  Men  in  the  Navy. 

"The  Er.\  Course  has  certainly  proved  beneficial  to  me  in 
my  examination  for  Hospital  Steward,  U.S.N.,  and  I  cheer- 
fully recommend  it  to  all  who  have  an  upward  grade  to  climb." 
— Henry  Topp,  Norfolk,  Yn. 


The   Era  Course   Takes  Men  Through  Examinations. 

"Since  I  took  up  the  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  with  you 
I  have  taken  the  examination  for  Hospital  Steward,  U.S.N., 
successfully  passed  and  received  my  appointment  for  same, 
and  have  been  ordered  to  this  station.  I  know  I  have  not 
given  the  Course  the  proper  study  in  this  space  of  time,  but 
I  wish  to  say  that  in  all  the  text-books  and  periodicals  that 
I  have  studied  and  read,  I  have  not  found  one  to  be  so  com- 
plete in  every  detail  for  the  average  man  who  has  a  desire  to 
take  an  examination  in  a  short  space  of  time,  either  for 
militarv'  or  civil  employment,  as  the  Er.a  Course  in  Pharmacy." 
— ROBT.  T.  Halley,  Hospital  Steward,  U.S.N.,  Bremerton, 
Wash. 

"I  wish  to  advise  you  that  I  was  successful  in  passing  the 
Alabama  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  at  their  last  meeting,  which 
was  held  Oct.  13-14,  1913.  I  took  your  Course  last  year. 
I  thank  you  again  for  your  assistance." — MuRR.\Y  F.  Hoover, 
Gainesville,  Fla. 


Violin  Vai^ish. 

Coarsely  powdered   glass 1  ounce 

Coarsely  powdered  copal 1  ounce 

Camphor    60  grains 

Mastiche 60  grains 

Canada   balsam    60  grains 

Strong  methylated  spirit 5  fl.  ounces 

Warm  gently,  and  agitate  well  until  dissolved:  then  let  stand 
for  several  days,  until  the  supernatant  liquid  is  quite  clear, 
then  decant.  The  glass  is  added  to  carry  down  mechanically 
any  impurities  in  the  resins. 


January,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


45 


ADVANCE    IN    QUININE    THE    EEATUKE. 


Marked    Decline    in    Prices    for    Menthol — Following 

Season's   Lessening-   Demands,   Citric   Acid 

Quotably  Lower. 

See  pages  26  to  40  for  Prices   Current. 
Changes  SnsrcE  Last  Report. 

A — Acetone,  Pure  C.P.  medicinal lb.  .35     —  .40 

A— Acid,   Acetic,    U.S. P.,   36% lb.  .10    —  .13 

C.P.,    Glacial,   99>4%...lb.  .27     —  .30 

D— Acid,    Carbolic,    Crystal,    bulk lb.  .10     —  .12 

10  &  5-lb.  cans.Ib.  .12     —  .14 

Crude,   10-95%    gal.  .20     —  .90 

D— Acid,  Citric,  Crystals   (Kegs) lb.  —  .48 

(Less)    lb.  .54     —  .58 

Granulated    lb.  .55     —  .59 

Powdered    lb.  .57     —  .61 

D— Acid,   Gallic    oz.  .10    —  .12 

D— Angelica  Seed   lb.  .45     —  .50 

A— Arnica  Flowers  lb.  .25     —  .28 

Powdered   lb.  .32     —  .35 

D— Balsam  Fir,   Canada lb.  1.25     —  1.35 

Oregon    lb.  .25     —  .30 

D— Balsam    Tolu    lb.  .60    —  .75 

D — Benzoin,    Sumatra    lb.  .50     —  .55 

Powdered     lb.  .60     —  .65 

D— Cacao   Butter,    Bulk lb.  .45     —  .52 

D— Calendula  Flowers   lb.  .50     —  .55 

A — Cardamom  Seed,  Powdered lb.  1.60    —  1.70 

A — Chrysarobin  oz.  .24    —  .28 

A — Codeine    oz.  6.10    —  6.65 

Phosphate    oz.  5.70     —  6.10 

Sulphate    '.  ..oz.  5.85    —  6.45 

D— Cokhicum  Root   lb.  .20    —  .23 

Powdered     lb.  .25     —  .28 

A— Colchicum   Seed    lb.  .26    —  .28 

Powdered     lb.  .34     —  .36 

A — Creosote,  Beechwood   lb.  .75     —  1.55 

A— Cubebs,   Powdered    ^_^. .  lb.  .60     —  .65 

A— Ergot    lb.  .85     —  1.20 

Powdered     lb.  .95     —  1 .45 

D — Hexamethylamine    lb.  —  ■  .95 

D — Homatropine,    Alkaloid     gr.  .22     —  .26 

Hydrobromide   gr.  .17     —  .28 

Hydrochloride    gr.  .22     —  .28 

Salicylate   nnd   Sulphate.gr.  .22     —  .28 

D — Hydrogen  Peroxide  Solution,  Technical. lb.  .12     —  .18 

D— Ipecac  Root,   Carthagena 'b.  2.00     —  2,20 

Powdered lb.  2.20     —  2.35 

A — Iron   Citrate  and   Ammonia,   Soluble.  ..  .lb.  .73     —  .86 

D— Menthol,    Crystals            lb.  3.90     —  4.05 

oz.  .30     —  .35 

A — Morphine  Acetate,  J^-oz.  vials oz.  5.20    —  5.50 

Alkaloid,   Pure,   '/^-oz.  vials.. oz.  6.30     —  6.50 

Hydrobromide,    Yn-oz.    vials.. oz.  6  00     —  6  25 

Hydrochloride,    J^-oz.    vials.. oz.  5.20     —  5.50 

Sulphate,    1-oz.    vials oz.  5.00     — ■  5.10 

\4,-07..    vials oz.  5.20     —  5,50 

Valerate,   ^-oz.  vials oz.  6.80     —  7.00 

D— Oil    Lemon    lb.  3.80     —  4.00 

D— Oil    Orange,    Sweet lb.  4.00    —  4.20 

A— Orris  Root,    Florentine lb.  .27     —  .30 

Se'ect   Finger    lb.  .90    —  2.00 

A — Quinine   Sulphate,   100-oz.   tins oz.  26    —  .26'/2 

10  and   S-oz.   tins..oz.  .28     —  .31 

1-oz.  vials  oz.  .33     —  .35 

D— Resorcin,    Pure    White lb.  1.05     —  1.15 

D— Rhubarb,    Cnnton     lb.  .40     —  AS 

Powdered     lb.  .45     —  .55 

Powdered    Extra,    Tins 'b.  .85     —  .90 

A — Rose  Leaves,   Pale lb.  ,85     —  .90 

Red    lb.  1..TO     —  1.40 

A — Sarsaparilla,   Root,   Mexican,    Cut lb.  .40    —  .45 

Powdered,  lb.  .45    —  .50 

A— Tamarinds     kegs  3.25     —  3.50 


A— Thymol    lb.     2.35  —  2.40 

A — Wormseed,    Levant    (Santonica) lb.       .50  —  .55 

Powdered.,  lb.       .55  —  .60 

NOTE — A,    advanced;    D,    declined;    C,    correction;  N,  new. 


NEW  YORK,  Dec.  23. — Quiet  conditions  have  prevailed 
in  the  drug  market  since  our  last  report,  dealers  cur- 
tailing their  purchases  as  much  as  possible  in  antici- 
pation of  the  usual  yearly  inventory,  the  demand  being  limited 
to  moderate  quantities  to  meet  current  requirements.  Business 
has  also  felt  the  uncertainties  of  national  legislation,  and  more 
especially  the  outcome  of  the  currency  measure  following  so 
closely  the  passage  of  the  tariff  law.  The  list  of  changes  in 
prices  shows  slower  quotations  for  many  commodities,  with  not 
a  few  advances  for  some  staples.  Opium  is  without  change, 
but  prices  are  well  maintained.  Morphine  and  codeine  have 
been  advanced  25  cents  per  ounce,  owing  to  the  upturn  recently 
in  basic  material.  Carbolic  acid,  all  grades,  is  slightly  lower. 
Quinine  is  firm,  and  has  been  advanced  3  cents  an  ounce  by 
.American  and  German  manufacturers.  Citric  acid  is  lower. 
Ergot  is  slightly  advanced  in  price,  following  cable  reports  of 
a  bare  market  in  producing  regions.  Mexican  sarsaparilla, 
owing  to  the  great  difficulty  of  obtaining  supplies,  is  higher. 
Balsam  of  fir,  Canada  and  Oregon,  are  considerably  lower, 
while  menthol  has  taken  a  decided  slump,  quotations  being 
quite  in  contrast  with  prices  obtaining  several  weeks  ago. 
Rose  leaves,  both  pale  and  red,  have  moved  upward,  and 
Florentine  orris  root  is  very  iirm,  reflecting  bullish  market 
advices  from  abroad  and  diminished  stocks  here.  Levant 
wormseed  is  materially  higher  and  stocks  greatly  depleted. 
Arnica  flowers  are  in  fair  demand  and  higher. 

Opium — Has  been  extremely  quiet,  but  prices  in  all  in- 
stances have  been  well  maintained.  Natural  is  quoted  at 
$6.25@.$6.50  per  pound  and  granulated  and  U.S. P.  powdered 
at  $8@$8.20  per  pound.  Latest  cables  from  Smyrna  report 
arrivals  there  to  date  as  3912  cases  as  compared  with  1973 
cases  for  the  corresponding  period  last  year. 

Quinine — Is  considerably  higher,  .American  and  German 
manufacturers  announcing  an  advance  of  3  cents  per  ounce  to 
the  basis  of  26  cents  per  ounce  in  100-ounce  tins.  Higher 
values  on  this  article  are  largely  due  to  the  fact  that  the  yield 
of  quinine  sulphate  in  the  11,011  packages  of  cinchona  bark 
sold  at  auction  in  London  on  Dec.  10  was  only  5.76  per  cent, 
against  6.13  per  cent,  in  the  amount  sold  in  November.  Ship- 
ments of  the  bark  for  11  months  ended  with  November  were 
17.57,8.000  Dutch  pounds,  against  15,004,000  in  1912,  15,427,000 
in  1911  and  16,684,000  in  1910. 

Citric  Acid — Has  been  reduced  in  reflection  of  the  restricted 
demand  now  coming  forward.  Jobbers  quote  48  cents  per 
pound  for  kegs,  and  54fn)S8  cents  for  less;  granulated,  55@59 
cents,  and  powdered,  57@61   cents. 

Morphine — Has  been  advanced  by  manufacturers  and  is 
held  very  firmly  at  the  following  quotations;  acetate,  V^-oz. 
vials,  per  ounce,  $5.20fa)$5.50;  alkaloids,  '^^-oz.  vials,  $6.30(?g 
$6.50;  hydrobromide.  '4-oz.  vials,  $6@.?6.25  ;  hydrochloride,  Vs.- 
oz.  vials,  $5.20fni$5.50;  sulphate,  per  ounce,  .f5@$5.10  and  in 
i/^-oz.  vials,  ?5.20@$5.50;  valerate,  i/^-oz.  vials,  .f6,80(a'$7.00 
per  ounce. 

Codeine — Similar  conditions  prevail  with  this  article,  quo- 
tations showing  an  advance  in  price  to  $6.10((!)$6.65 ;  phos- 
phate. .$5.70@S6.10,   and  sulphate,  $5.85rt?$6.45  per  ounce. 

Menthol — Considerable  competition  is  in  evidence  not  only 
in  the  local  market,  but  at  primary  centers,  and  quotations 
have  declined  to  $3.90(«)$4,05  per  pound  for  crystals,  and  30(^ 
35  cents  per  ounce.     Offerings  are  reported  to  be  very  heavy. 

Sarsaparhia  Root — The  market  for  ;Mexican  retains  a  very 
firm  tone,  owing  to  the  great  difficultv  in  obtaining  supplies 
from  the  country  of  production  which  is  in  the  throes  of 
revolution.  Cut  root  is  he'd  at  4n(ff'45  cents  per  pound,  and 
powdered  at  45@50  cents. 

Balsam  Fie — A  decline  is  noted  for  both  C.''nada  and 
Oregon,  the  former  being  quoted  at  $1.25@$1.35  per  pound, 
and  the  latter  at  25fS35  cents  per  pound. 

CuBEB  B  rries — .^re  meeting  with  a  fair  demand,  hut  stocks 


46 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[January,  1914 


are  apparently  light  and  the  market  firm.  Powdered  berries 
have  been  advanced  to  b0(«;65  cents  per  pound. 

BvcHU  Leaves — Short  are  meeting  witli  a  somewhat  better 
inquiry,  the  demand  having  been  stimulated  to  some  extent  by 
the  increase  of  tariff  on  the  collection  of  leaves  in  South  Africa 
which  is  reported  to  go  into  effect  on  January  1.  Jobbers' 
quotations  in  this  market  are  unchanged. 

Ergot — Russian  for  sliipment  is  cabled  higher  abroad.  Col- 
lectors in  the  producing  regions  report  a  bare  market  for  the 
time  being.  Revised  quotations  for  all  grades  show  a  range  of 
85c.@$1.20  per  pound  for  whole,  and  95c.@?1.45  for  powdered. 

Rose  Leaves — Both  pale  and  red  varieties  have  continued 
to  move  upward,  owing  to  an  unusual  demand  due  to  the 
fact  that  the  Government  has  imposed  a  duty  of  20  per  cent., 
and  dealers  now  quote  85@90  cents  per  pound  for  pale,  and 
$L30@$1.40  for  red. 

Bais.\m  Tolv — Is  lower  under  increased  supplies  and  keener 
competition,  and  jobbers  have  reduced  prices  to  60@7S  cents 
per  pound. 

Arxica  FiowERS — Are  reported  higher  abroad  and  the  mar- 
ket here  is  much  firmer  in  tone,  whole  leaves  being  quoted  at 
25@2S  cents  per  pound,  and  powdered,  32@35  cents. 

Lavender  P'lowers — Are  firmer  owing  to  an  intimation  that 
the  custom  authorities  will  impose  a  duty  of  20  per  cent,  in 
the  future.  It  is  said  that  several  lots  are  now  being  held  up 
in  the  appraisers'  stores  and  that  importers  can  only  remove 
the  goods  by  paying  duty  which,  however,  is  done  only  under 
protest. 

On,  Lemon — Following  a  falling  off  in  demand  for  this  oil 
and  a  further  weakening  of  the  primary  markets  in  Sicily, 
jobbers  have  reduced  prices  to  $3.80@$4  per  pound. 

On,  Orange — Sweet  is  slightly  easier,  reflecting  keener  com- 
petition among  holders  who  are  anxious  to  realize.  Jobbers 
have  marked  down  prices  to  $4@$4.20  per  pound. 

Orris  Root — Florentine  is  strong  and  higher,  reflecting  bul- 
lish market  advices  from  abroad  and  administered  stocks  here, 
and  the  further  report  that  the  Government  intimates  that  an 
import  duty  of  20  per  cent,  is  likely  to  be  placed  on  this 
article.  This  variety  is  quoted  at  27@30  cents  per  pound, 
while  select  fingers  range  from  90c.@$2  per  pound. 

WoRiiSEED — Levant  (Santonica)  is  materially  higher,  stocks 
being  greatly  depleted  and  the  market  here  almost  bare,  w^ith 
quotations  at  S0@55  cents  per  pound  for  whole,  and  55@60 
cents  per  pound  for  powdered. 

COLCHICUM  Seei>^Is  firmer;  stocks  in  some  quarters  have 
become  diminished,  and  whole  seed  is  quoted  at  26@2S  cents 
per  pound;  powdered,  34@36  cents. 

CoLCHicuM  Root — In  contradistinction  to  the  seed,  colchi- 
cum  root  has  been  marked  down,  present  quotations  being  20@ 
23  cents  per  pound  for  whole,  and  2S@28  cents  for  powdered. 

Acetone — Pure  C.P.  "medicinal"  is  higher,  35@40  cents  per 
pound  being  asked. 

Carbolic  Acid — Has  been  reduced  to  10@12  cents  per  pound 
for  crystal  in  bulk,  and  12@14  cents  per  pound  for  10-  and  5- 
Ib.  cans.  Crude  acid,  10  to  95  per  cent.,  is  quoted  at  20@90 
cents  per  gallon.  There  is  an  exceedingly  active  market  in 
this  commodity,  and  keen  competition  is  given  as  the  reason 
for  the  reduction  in  prices. 

Tamarinds — Continue  to  be  very  firmly  maintained  on  the 
basis  of  ?3.25@$3.50  per  keg. 

HoMATROPiNE — Revision  of  prices  for  this  alkaloid  and  its 
salts  show  a  lower  range  in  quotations,  as  follows :  Alkaloid, 
22(a'26  cents  per  grain;  hydrobromide,  17@28  cents  per  grain; 
hydrochloride,  22@28  cents  per  grain;  salicylate  and  sulphate, 
22(5)2S  cents  per  grain. 

Resorcin — Pure  white  is  lower,  $1.0S@$1.1S  per  pound  be- 
ing quoted. 


Publications  Received. 


From  the  Wellcome  Physiological  Research  Laboratories, 
London,  England :  The  Identity  of  Trimethylhistidine  (Histi- 
dine-Betaine)  from  various  sources,  by  George  Barger,  M.A., 
D.Sc,  and  Arthur  James  Ewins,  B.Sc. ;  A  Modification  of 
Diphtheria  Antitoxin,  by  A.  T.  Glenny,  B.Sc;  The  Use  of 
Litmus  Paper  as  a  Quantitative  Indicator  of  Reactions,  by 
G.  S.  Walpole,  D.Sc,  F.I.C.;  On  the  Action  of  Ergotine  with 
Special  Reference  to  the  Existence  of  Sympathetic  Indicators, 
by  H.  H.  Dale.  M.A.,  M.D.;  The  Effect  of  Varying  Tonicity 
on  the  Anaphylactic  and  other  Reactiors  of  Plain  Muscle,  by 
H.  H.  Dale,  M.A.,  M.D.;  Gas  Electrode  for  General  Use,  by 


G.  S.  Walpole,  D.Sc,  F.I.C.;  Some  Examples  of  the  Effect 
of  Asymmetric  Nitrogen  Atoms  on  Physiological  Activity,  by 
P.  P.  Laidlaw,  M.A.,  B.C.;  The  Rate  of  Reproduction  of 
Various  Constituents  of  the  Blood  of  an  Immunized  Horse 
after  a  large  Bleeding,   by  R.  A.  O'Brien,  M.D. 

\V.  S.  Hubbard,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. :  Secret  Remedies,  Nos- 
trums and  Fakes  (Reprint  from  15th  Report  of  Michigan 
Academy  of  Science). 

Proceedings:  Georgia  Pharmaceutical  Association,  38th 
annual  meeting  held  at  Columbus,  June  10-11,  1913;  Kansas 
I'liarmaceutxal  Association,  34th  annual  meeting  held  at 
Lawrence,  May  27-29,  1913;  Kentucky  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation, 36th  annual  meeting  held  at  Mammoth  Cave,  June 
17-19,  1913;  Maryland  Pharmaceutical  Association,  31st  an- 
nual meeting  held  at  Ocean  City,  June  24-27,  1913;  New  York 
State  Pharmaceutical  Association,  3Sth  annual  meeting  held 
at  Calskill  Mountain  House,  June  24-27,  1913;  Design  Regis- 
tration Convention  of  Manufacturers,  Merchants,  Importers, 
Designers  and  Trade  Associations,  held  at  Hotel  .\stor.  New 
York,  under  the  joint  auspices  of  the  National  Registration 
League  and  the  committee  representing  the  Federation  of 
Trade   Press   .Associations. 

Reports:  North  Carolina  Board  of  Pharmacy,  year  ending 
May  31,  1913,  and  Missouri  Board  of  Pharmacy,  for  the  fiscal 
year  ending  July  31,  1913.  .•Vccording  to  these  reports  North 
Carolina  has  897  registered  pharmacists,  of  whom  42  are 
colored,  and  95  registered  practicing  physicians  living  in  towns 
of  not  more  than  500  inhabitants,  to  whom  permits  have  been 
granted  to  conduct  drug  stores.  Missouri  has  about  5200 
registered  pharmacists  and  175  registered  assistants.  The 
total  disbursements  for  the  year  were  $6,614.41,  and  the  cash 
balance  on  hand  in  the  State  Treasury  and  credited  to  the 
board  on  August  1  was  $4,805.16. 


The  October,  1913,  issue  of  Schimmel's  Report  (Fritzsche 
Brothers),  Miltitz,  near  Leipzig,  Germany,  on  essential  oils, 
synthetic  perfumes,  etc.,  is  fully  up  to  the  standard  of  previous 
numbers  of  this  valuable  publication  and  should  be  read  by 
all  those  interested  in  the  production,  examination  and  com- 
mercial exploitation  of  these  interesting  products.  The  report 
covers  a  review  of  the  commercial  conditions  existing  in  the 
various  countries  with  reference  to  the  essential  oil  industry, 
commercial  notes  and  scientific  information  concerning  new 
essential  oils,  pharmacopoeias,  chemical  preparations  and  drugs, 
and  many  notes  on  recent  research  work.  This  number  of 
the  Report  is  embellished  by  full-page  plates  showing  two 
views  of  thyme  oil  distillation  in  Spain  and  a  view  of  the 
Mjltitz  rose  fields  at  harvest  time,  the  last-named  being  a 
reproduction   in   colors. 


RECENT   FIRES. 


Willow,  Okla.,  B.  H.  Moss  drug  store;  loss  $3000;  insurance 
$1500. 

Winnipeg,  Man.,  Poyntz'  drug  store. 

Stockville,  Neb.,  H.  J.  Logan  drug  store;  loss  total. 

Caddo  Mills,   Tex.,   G.   G.   Barnes  drug  store;   loss  heavy. 

New  York,  Beck  &  Goulka  drug  store,  65  Carmine  street ; 
loss  $1000. 

Joaquin,  Tex.,  E.   A.  Russing  Drug  Co.;  loss  heavy. 

Cleveland,  Ohio,  L.  Harold,  drug  store,  5641  Broadway; 
loss  slight. 

Freeport,  III.,  C.  P.  Guenther  8z  Co.;  loss  heavy. 

Louisville,  Ky.,  B.  G.  Roadcao  &  Co.,  druggists;  loss  ex- 
ceeding $5000. 

Warren,   Pa.,   Reynolds  drug  store;   loss  $20,000. 

Tower  Hill,  III.,  Schueler's  drug  store:  loss  $1000. 

Red  Rock,  Okla.,  Lovelady  &  Eankston  pharmacy ;  loss, 
heavy. 

Argentine,   S.   D.,  Hartz  drug  store:   total. 

Mobile,  Ala.,  E.  A.  Peterson  drug  store;  loss  $2500. 

Phenix,   R.   I.,   Himes   building  and   drug  store;    loss  $5000. 

Richmond,  Mo.,  J.  A.  McCown  drug  store;   loss  total. 

Fall  River,  Mass.,  Wm.  M.   Dedrick  drug  store;   loss  heavy. 

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  Vandyck  drug  store;   loss  heavy. 

Millett,  Tex.,  P.  E.  Kenneli  drug  store;  loss  $6000;  insur- 
ance $2000. 

Chula,  Ga.,  W.  E.  Tyson,  drug  store,;  loss  $300;  Chula 
Drug  Co.,  $3000;  no  insurance. 

Ross,  N.  D.,  Dougherty's  drug  store;  loss  total. 

Stockville,  Neb.,  Logan  drug  store;  loss  total;  insurance- 
small. 


' ■^\}    _     "f      ^   '"  '_       "  '  ^^"' l-TT  TXT  ITt  rH  111  111  til  IW       ~TT^ lii iii >  "  '  ■  '         _1  1  1  —   I   ■   I 

.^^.==.=  ...=^  =.....:.  "■  ESTABLISHED    1887  iJM^^^^^s^ 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


PUBLICATION  FOR  THE  DRUG   TR4DE 


Vol.  XL VII 


Xew  York,  February,  1914 


No.  2 


D.  O.  Havnes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

Telephone,  7646  Barclay.  Cable  Address,  "Era,  New  York." 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era      cokpe^^sation  psb  injured  wobkmen. 

PUBLISHED  OX  THE  FIRST  OF  EACH  MONTH  DRUGGISTS    and   manufacturers   of   pharmaceuti- 

caLs,  toilet  goods,  medicines  and  chemicals  are 
directly  affected  by  the  new  workmen's  compensa- 
tion law  of  New  York  State  which  becomes  effec- 
tive July  1.  Under  its  provisions  employers  are 
held  responsible  for  certain  monetary  damages, 
established  at  fixed  sums  by  the  act,  to  all  injured 
employees  in  certain  enumerated  "hazardous  em- 
ployments"— the  list  including: 

Group  25 — ^Manufacture  of  explosives  and  dangerous  chemi- 
cals, corrosive  acids  or  salts,  ammonia,  gasoline,  petroleum, 
petroleum  products,  celluloid,  gas,  charcoal,  artificial  ice,  gun 
1  owder  or  ammunition. 

Group  2S — ^Manufacture  of  drugs  and  chemicals,  not  speci- 
;  ed  in  group  25,  medicines,  dyes,  extracts,  pharmaceutical  or 
lo.let  preparations,  soaps,  candles,  perfumes,  non-corrosive 
acids  or  chemical  preparations,  fertilizers,  including  garbage 
cisposal  plants,  shoe  blacking  or  polish. 

Included  among  the  other  groups  are  the  majority  of  occu- 
pations in  which  death  or  injuries  are  not  uncommon,  in- 
cluding printing  in  all  its  branches,  canning,  baking,  metal 
and  g  ass  work,  all  more  or  less  connected  with  the  drug 
industry. 

Since  the  publication  of  the  provisions  of  this 
law  the  question  has  been  raised  by  many  retail 
druggists  as  to  whether  or  not  the  prescription 
laboratorj-  in  a  retail  drug  store  is.  in  the  sense 
of  the  law,  a  manufactory  of  pharmaceutical  and 
toilet  preparations,  with  the  consequent  result  that 
the  employer  to  come  within  the  law  must  take  out 
liability  iasuranee  upon  all  his  employees,  whether 
they  ever  visit  this  prescription  department  or  not. 

Another  question,  of  direct  importance  to  phar- 
maceutical manufacturers  and  wholesale  houses 
operating  their  own  printing  plants,  relates  to  the 
liability  of  emploj-ers  for  accidents  to  emplo.yees  of 
other  departments  who  should  chance  to  be  injured 
in  laboratory  or  printing  plants. 

For  the  benefit  of  the  druggists  of  New  York 
State  the  Era  has  been  in  communication  with 
attorneys  and  counsellors  who  have  made  more  or 
less  a  study  of  the  new  law,  and  presents  the  fol- 
lowing information  as  authoritative: 

Through  the  provisions  of  this  law  the  employer  may  pro- 
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Table  of  Contents. 

RE.A.DING    SECTION. 

EDiroRLVL  .1XD  Ph.\rii.\ceuticai, Pages  47-62 

Editorials    47-50 

Correspondence   50 

Twenty-five  Years  in  Pharmacy,  by  Louis  K.  Liggett.  51-52 
Efficiency  in  Food  and  Drug  Control,  by  Hon.  James 

H.  Wallis  .  .^. 53-54 

Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacj' — The  First  Glucoside         54 

The  Curse  of  the  Retail  Drug  Trade 55 

Selected   Formulas    56 

Foreign  ."Abstracts  57-58 

Question  Box 59-60 

Women   in   Pharmacy 61-62 

Is^E \vs  SEcnox Pages  63-78 

Mostly  Personal 63-66 

Obituaries    66-67 

Among  the  Associations 68-75 

Schools   and   Colleges 77 

Board  Examinations 78 

Trade  Section Pages  79-94 

Recent  Patents  and  Trade-marks 91-92 

The  Drug  Markets , 93-94 

INDEX  TO  ADVERTISERS Page  55 

INDEX  TO  GOODS  .\DVERTISED Pages  53-54 

INDEX  TO  RE.\DING  P.\GES Page  56 


48 


THE    rUAK.MACEUTICAL    ERA 


[February.  1914 


The  scope  of  the  provisions  of  the  law  and  the  extent  to 
which  they  apply  to  the  various  trades  and  occupations  specified 
in  the  group  classification  under  the  law  has  yet  to  be  de- 
termined by  the  State  commission,  and  by  the  courts.  (The 
fact  that  this  law  is  absolutely  new  and  that  no  precedents 
exist  in  the  court  records  of  this  State,  renders  any  decisive 
opinion  as  to  its  scope  without  weight,  until  the  court  shall 
have  decided  in  test  cases.  The  New  York  State  law  is  a 
composite  measure,  with  a  number  of  the  provisions  of  a 
similar  act  in  Germany  and  also  provisions  taken  from  the 
English  act,  neither  of  which  have  legal  weight  in  this 
country.) 

Lawyers  disagree  as  to  the  scope  of  this  law,  some  holding 
that  the  phraseology  is  broad  enough  to  cover  any  possible 
contingency  as  to  injuries  received  while  in  the  employ  of  any 
manufacturer  engaged  in  the  so-called  "hazardous"  occupations. 
Others  hold  that  the  law  will  be  interpreted  almost  literally, 
and  that  the  provisions  will  not  apply  to  any  employee  in- 
jured unless  such  injuries  shall  have  been  received  in  the 
pursuit  of  his  lifework — his  daily  occupation — which  comes 
under  the  category  of  hazardous  pursuits.  In  other  words, 
the  consensus  of  legal  opinion  appears  to  be  that  the  injury- 
must  be  received  while  the  injured  is  at  work  at  his  stipulated 
pursuit — and  not  as  an  incident  to  other  work. 

For  example,  should  a  sales  clerk — not  a  prescription  chem- 
ist— in  a  drug  store  be  injured  during  the  making  up  of  some 
pharmaceutical  preparation — by  himself  or  by  another — the 
employer  would  not  be  liable  under  the  new  law,  as  the  sales 
clerk  was  not  engaged  in  the  principal  work  for  which  he  was 
engaged,   but   rather  work   incidental  to  his  daily   occupation. 

A  manufacturing  pharmaceutical  house  imder  this  interpre- 
tation of  the  law  would  be  responsible  for  the  injury  to  any 
employee  in  any  department,  laboratory,  shipping  or  printing, 
as  all  are  held  ''hazardous  occupations,"  while  on  the  o^er 
hand  if 'the  house  were  simply  that  of  a  drug  jobber,  the  injury 
of  one  of  the  other  employees  in  the  printing  office  probably 
would  not  come  under  "the  act  as  the  printing  would  be  the 
only  "hazardous  occupation"  under  the  law. 

To  carry  this  another  step,  it  is  not  at  all  likely  under  the 
reading  of  the  law  by  attorneys  consulted  by  the  Era,  that 
the  fact  that  a  laboratory  exists  in  a  drug  store  would  convert 
that  entire  store  into  a  factory  under  the  law,  since  the  prepa- 
ration of  pharmaceuticals  and  toilet  preparations  would  not  be 
the  />Wnci/!a/  business  of  the  store. 

Thus  the  rule  may  be  deduced,  pending  deci- 
sions by  the  State  commission,  the  State's  attorney, 
the  courts,  and  the  actuarial  rules  of  the  insurance 
companies — all  yet  to  be  made — that  the  laiv  ivill 
apply  to  every  business  where  the  "hazardous  oc- 
cupation" is  the  principal  business  of  the  finn 
affected,  and  not  incidental  to  it. 

Without  legal  precedent  upon  which  to  base 
other  conclusions,  without  any  ruling  by  courts, 
State  attorney  or  commission,  and  without  the 
policy  specifications  of  casualty  insurance  com- 
panies— all  yet  to  be  drafted  with  the  assistance 
of  eminent  legal  authority — it  behooves  the  drug- 
gist, the  drug  manufacturer  and  the  chemist  to 
obey  in  good  faith  as  best  he  may  the  apparent 
reading  of  the  law,  with  the  fiu-ther  understanding 
that  its  application  will  be  elucidated  by  both  State 
and  insurance  authorities  prior  to  its  becomuig 
effective  July  1. 

GUESSING   AT   PROFITS. 


Does  the  average  druggist  apply  the  same 
exact  methods  to  the  computation  of  his  seUing 
prices  and  profits  as  to  the  compounding  of  a  pre- 
scription? Judging  from  the  keen  interest  mani- 
fested on  the  occasion  of  Harry  B.  Mason's  recent 
address  on  "Profit  in  the  Drug  Business,"  before 
the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy,  this  question 


must  be  answered  in  the  negative.  "What  is  more 
important,  many  druggists  apparently  do  not  even 
possess  sufficient  knowledge  of  arithmetic  to  make 
tlie  simple  calculations  needed,  in  spite  of  having 
passed  State  Board  examinations  where  pharma- 
ceutical arithmetic  was  required.  Some  appalling 
examples  were  brought  out  in  the  discussion  follow- 
ing the  lecture,  which  showed  that  there  are  phar- 
macists who  do  not  even  know  the  meaning  of  the 
term  "per  cent.,"  as  applied  to  profits,  although 
they  may  Iawfull3'  be  called  on  to  make  a  per- 
centage solution.  This  condition  of  affairs  cries  for 
improvement. 

Unless  the  druggist  is  in  business  merely  for  his 
health,  and  not  solely  for  other  people's  health  and 
his  own  pocket,  he  must  learn  to  eliminate  the 
guess-work  in  fixing  prices.  The  Era  and  The 
Soda  Fountain  have  very  frequently  called  atten- 
tion to  this  point  in  no  imcertain  terms.  Every 
druggist  knows  whether  his  prices  are  fixed  accord- 
ing to  some  arbitrary  scale  which  exists  onlj'  in  his 
own  mind,  or  whether  he  takes  into  account  the 
money  actually  spent  before  an  article  is  sold,  in 
addition  to  the  cost  of  the  goods.  No  one  can 
know  this  for  him,  and  the  remedy  rests  in  himself. 
The  calculations  used  are  so  childishly  simple  that 
if  the  druggist  really  feels  unable  to  accomplish 
the  task,  he  can  rely  on  the  assistance  of  his  10- 
year-old  son.  Remember  that  the  amoimt  of  total 
sales  is  the  only  figure  which  represents  all  of  your 
business.  The  total  cost  of  goods  sold  is  only  one 
item  in  the  expense  of  rimning  your  store.  There- 
fore base  your  total,  ultimate,  real  profit  on  your 
selling  prices,  and  fix  these  prices  accordingly. 


COMMEKCIAL    VS.    PROFESSIONAL    PHARMACY. 


Among  the  most  important  advances  in  phar- 
macy during  the  past  25  j-ears  is  that  which  phar- 
macists have  made  in  the  direction  of  commercial 
progress,  and  this  conclusion  is  forcibly  brought 
out  in  the  article  by  Louis  K.  Liggett,  the  initial 
contribution  of  which  appears  in  this  issue  of  the 
Era.  "While  it  is  true  that  the  growth  of  modem 
mercliandi.sing  methods  has  been  common  to  all 
indiostries,  it  is  doubtful  if  the  resulting  changes- 
induced  by  the  application  of  such  methods  have 
been  felt  to  a  greater  degree  than  in  the  drug 
business.  Li  many  quarters  the  commercial  trans- 
formation of  the  pharmacist  has  been  almost  revo- 
lutionary, and  possibly  in  some  instances,  profes- 
sionalism has  succumbed  to  the  greater  glorification 
of  business.  But  anyone  who  has  carefully  watched 
and  studied  these  evolutionary  changes  will  think 
a  long  time  before  he  wiU  conclude  to  say  that 
pharmacy  has  suffered  therebj-.  True  profession- 
alism and  the  business  instinct  are  not  antagonistic, 
and  the  trend  of  modern  progress  is  conclusive  that 
the  pharmacist  who  does  not  put  into  practice  the 
principles  embodied  in  these  qualities  is  as  un- 
likely to  make  headway  as  the  idealist  who  strives 
to  live  by  faith  alone. 

To  the  pharmacist  educated  in  the  old  school  and 
whose  sympathies  still  lean  toward  the  professional 
side  of  pharmacy — and  there  are  many  of  them  still 


February,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


49 


in  business — there  may  come  a  pang  of  regret  that 
times  have  changed.  The  subject  has  a  sentimental 
side,  and  full  credit  must  be  given  to  those  earlier 
pharmacists  for  their  devotion  to  ideals  and  the 
self-sacrifice  they  underwent  to  raise  pharmacy  to 
a  business  which  should  stand  alone  and  be  directed 
by  men  of  professional  attainments.  How  success- 
ful the  old-time  pharmacist  was  in  attaining  his 
object  it  is  not  for  us  to  say,  but  in  all  pharmaceuti- 
cal historj'  there  is  no  more  ennobling  theme  than 
that  furnished  by  these  men  who  were  prompted 
by  the  loftiest  ideals  and  a  spirit  of  broad  humani- 
tarianism,  qualities  which  they  practiced  persist- 
ently and  conscientiously,  and  too  often  in  the  face 
of  insuiTuountable  difficulties.  It  is  proper  that  we 
should  pay  a  fitting  tribute  to  the  men  who,  accord- 
ing to  their  lights,  passed  the  work  of  their  day 
forward  to  those  who  were  to  follow  and  take  up 
the  burdens  of  pharmacy.  We  do  not  belittle  pres- 
ent-day effort  by  giving  due  recognition  to  a  class 
of  men  to  whom  the  professional  ideals  were  the 
loftiest  conceptions  of  the  true  art  of  living.  Future 
progress  may  reach  its  greatest  developments  along 
commercial  lines,  but  no  true  pharmacist  can  afford 
to  neglect  his  professional  training  in  all  that  per- 
tains to  the  most  recent  advances  in  pharmacy, 
chemistry,  research  work,  etc.,  all  of  them  subjects 
which  have  an  intensely  practical  side  in  the  pro- 
motion of  his  advancement. 


Which  is  eondemnable,  if  not  yet  illegal.  It  must 
be  admitted  that  the  general  public  is  veiy  prone 
to  accuse  the  drug  trade  at  large  of  being  respon- 
sible for  the  traffic  in  dangerous  medicaments,  and 
does  not  discriminate  nicely  between  the  guilty 
parties,  often  not  druggists  at  all,  and  the  vast 
majority  of  law-abiding  pharmacists.  This  im- 
pression must  be  removed;  the  druggist  must  have 
the  complete  confidence  of  his  public.  Certainly 
the  easiest  method  of  getting  rid  of  this  mistaken 
idea  is  to  prove  by  deeds  that  the  drug  trade,  as  a 
whole,  does  not  countenance  criminal  or  even  ques- 
tionable acts.  Through  the  committees  on  ethics 
and  legislation  of  the  many  State  associations, 
through  the  prosecuting  power  of  the  State  Boards 
of  Pharmacy,  much  may  be  accomplished.  The 
recent  action  of  the  Kansas  City  Retail  Druggists' 
Association  must  be  but  an  entering  wedge.  Con- 
tinual following  up  of  every  point  gained,  news- 
paper publicity,  co-operation  with  adjoining  States, 
and  absolute  frankness  in  dealing  with  offenders — 
all  of  them  measures  depending  on  the  initiative 
of  the  druggist — will  bring  about  more  lasting  and 
intelligently  good  results  than  ill-considered  legis- 
lation rushed  through  by  politicians  who  make 
capital  out  of  the  increasing  pressure  of  public 
opinion. 


SWEEPING   BEFOKE    OUR   OWN   DOORS. 


The  coimtrj'-wide  agitation  regarding  the  sale 
of  habit-forming  and  narcotic  drugs — cocaine, 
opium  bases,  and  coal-tar  synthetics — seems  to 
point  to  a  growing  realization  in  the  minds  of  the 
public  and  law-makers  alike,  that  this  coimtry  is 
behind  the  general  world-standard  in  this  branch 
of  social  legislation,  as  in  many  others.  What  has 
been  done  abroad,  and  in  many  cases  enforced  for 
decades,  is  shown  in  the  statements  of  several 
authorities  on  the  restriction  of  sales  of  dangerous 
drugs,  published  elsewhere  in  this  issue  of  the  Era. 
The  Harrison  bill,  indorsed  largely  by  the  drug 
trade,  may  furnish  a  remedy  of  some  sort,  if 
enacted,  but  this  bill  does  not  apply  to  the  many 
synthetic  remedies  which  now  easily  find  their  way 
into  lay  hands,  often  producing  disaster.  Other 
legislation  will  doubtless  be  needed  before  the  pub- 
lic is  adequately  protected  from  itself — for,  in  the 
last  analysis,  this  is  the  object  of  all  such  restrictive 
measures. 

Meantime,  the  druggists  have  an  opportunity  to 
carry  on  a  fruitful  campaign  of  publicity  and  edu- 
cation, with  a  view  to  further  enlightening  the 
public,  and  making  the  pressure  of  opinion  felt. 
The  druggists  can  take  a  most  determined  stand  in 
ferreting  out  and  haling  to  justice  all  dealers  of 
any  sort  who  are  known  to  be  engaged  in  practices 
detrimental  to  the  public  health.  The  surreptitious 
dealer  in  narcotics  and  habit-forming  drugs  is  a 
moral  outlaw,  and  should  be  made  an  Ishmael. 
There  must  be  many  cases  in  which  druggi.sts  have 
knowledge  of  violations  of  the  present  laws,  in  their 
own    neighborhoods,    and    of    further    misconduct 


COURT    UPHOLDS    ONE-PRICE-FOR-ALL. 


In  the  maze  of  decisions  rendered  during  the 
past  two  years  by  the  U .  S.  Court  of  Appeals,  and 
by  the  U.S.  Supreme  Court  in  the  now  famous 
Sanatogen  case,  the  Gillette  Safety  Razor  case  and 
other  suits  in  which  the  right  of  the  manufacturer 
to  fix  the  retail  sales  price  was  the  issue,  there 
has  been  no  pronouncement  of  such  really  sensa- 
tional import  as  that  just  given  in  the  Fisher 
Flouring  Mills  case.  In  view  of  the  attitude  of 
President  Wilson  in  urging  anti-trust  legislation 
this  decision  is  held  by  constitutional  lawyers  to 
be  one  of  the  most  important  in  recent  years. 

The  case  itself  was  a  replica  of  similar  suits — a 
manufacturer  of  flour  brought  suit  against  a  retail 
dealer  who  cut  the  price  of  the  article  contrary  to 
agreement.  The  dealer's  right  to  cut  prices  was 
upheld  by  the  lower  courts,  but  when  an  appeal 
was  made  to  the  Supreme  tribimal  the  lower  court 
decisions  were  reversed,  and  by  a  vote  of  eight  to 
one  the  milling  company  was  granted  an  injunction 
and  damages. 

The  advocates  of  a  '' one-price- for-all"  policy  in 
merchandising  are  given  more  real  encouragement 
in  the  concluding  paragraph  of  the  court's  findings 
than  in  all  similar  decisions  during  the  past  decade : 

"The  true  competition  is  between  rival  articles,  a 
competition  in  excellence,  which  can  never  be  main- 
tained if  through  the  perfidity  of  the  retailer  who  cuts 
prices  for  his  own  ulterior  purposes  the  manufacturer 
is  forced  to  compete  in  prices  with  goods  of  his  own 
production,  while  the  retailer  recoups  his  losses  on 
the  cut  price  by  the  sate  of  other  articles  at,  or  above 
their  reasonable  price.  It  is  a  fallacy  to  assume  that 
the  price-cutter  pockets  the  loss.  The  public  makes  it 
up  on  other  purchases.  The  manufacturer  alone  is 
injured  except  as  the  public  is  also  injured 
through     the     manufacturer's     inability     in     the     face 


50 


THE    lMlAR:\rArET'TTOAL    ERA 


[Febru.vkv,  r.il4 


of    cut    prices    to    maintain    tlie    excellence    of    his 

product.      Fixing   the    price    on    all    brands   of   higli- 

grade  flour  is  a  very  different  thing  from  fixing  the 

price   on    one   brand   of   high-grade   flour.      The   one 

.';.(   (Jeslruction    o(  all   competition    and   of   all  in- 

::r    to    i'jcrcased    excellence.      The    otiicr    means 

rtilion  and  intensified  incentive  to  in- 

c.     It   will   not   do   to   say   that   the 

<  not  interests  to  protect  by  contract 

lT  he  has  sold  them.     They  arc  per- 

.->":■.;  1    ■„c,....,.i  and  morally  guaranteed  by  his  in,irh 

and  his   advertisement." 


A    CONSTRUCTIVE    DECISION    NEEDED. 


One  of  our  correspondent.s  calls  attention  to  an 
importiint  matter  which  is  liable  to  be  misunder- 
stood by  those  who  are  dependent  on  the  daily 
press  for  their  information.  The  recent  decision  of 
the  Supreme  Court  in  a  case  involving  the  labeling 
of  preparations  containing  acetphenetidiu  wan 
merely  on  a  demurrer,  claiming  that  the  Govern- 
ment had  exceeded  its  authority  in  requiring  both 
parent  and  derivative  substances  to  appear  on  the 
label.  The  decision  did  not  touch  the  main  ques- 
tion as  to  whether  acetphenetidiu  is  a  derivative 
of  acetanilide. 

This  question  of  derivatives  may  degenerate  into 
a  war  of  words,  or  it  may  be  kept  \vithiu  sensible 
boimds.  There  is  no  difficulty  in  proving  that 
acetphenetidiu  is  a  derivative  of  acetanilide  in  the 
chemical  sense.  Theoretically,  any  organic  com- 
poimd  which  has  been  synthesized  may  be  regarded 
as  a  derivative  of  any  other  organic  compoimd. 
Given  a  sufficient  supply  of  material,  a  chemist 
eould  make  one  substance  from  the  other.  On  this 
point  there  can  be  no  debate.  But  what  the  Court 
must  bring  out,  in  order  to  render  a  decision  which 
shall  be  of  constructive  value  in  future  trials,  is 
a  clear-cut  statement  to  the  effect  that  within  the 
purposes  of  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  the 
labeling  of  a  substance  as  a  derivative  of  another 
is  necessarj^  only  in  case  the  derivative  partakes 
of  any  undesirable  or  dangerous  properties  pos- 
sessed hy  the  parent  substance.  Otherwise  a  state- 
ment of  the  derivation  has  no  possible  bearing  on 
the  subject.  If,  for  instance,  a  derivative  of  alco- 
hol is  present  in  a  medicinal  preparation,  this  de- 
rivative being  utterly  devoid  of  any  intoxicating, 
narcotic,  or  poisonous  effects,  we  fail  to  see  of  what 
advantage  it  would  be  to  state  that  alcohol  is  the 
parent  substance  of  this  particular  compound. 
Labels  are  not  affixed  for  the  purpose  of  teaching 
chemistry  to  the  general  public.  If  necessary,  they 
should  contain  enough  information  to  enable  a 
literate  purchaser  to  realize  the  nature  of  the  sub- 
stance he  is  buying.  This  is  exactly  in  accord  with 
the  spirit  of  the  Act  of  1906. 

AcetphenetidinNot  Acetanilid  Derivative 

To  the  Editor  of  The  Pharmaceutical  Era: 

From  reports  appearing  recently  in  the  newspapers,  it  would 
appear  that  the  Supreme  Court  held  that  acetphenetidin  was  a 
derivative  of  acetanilid.  This  is  not  the  case,  however.  The 
Supreme  Court's  decision  was  on  a  demurrer  that  the  Govern- 
ment exceeded  its  authority  under  the  law  requiring  the  label 
to  show  both  the  parent  and  derivative  substance. 

The  question  as  to  whether  or  not  acetphenetidin  is  to  be 


considered   an   acetanilid   derivative   is  now   to   be   determined 
and  tried  on  its  merits. 

We  feel  confident  that  the  Government  will  lose  this  case, 
as  the  Supreme  Court  has  already  held  in  a  somewhat  similar 
case  that  a  theoretical  derivative  substance  cannot  be  con- 
sidered a  derivative  substance,  and  construed  the  word  "de- 
rived" as  "made  or  obtained  from." 

.Acetphenetidin  is  not  "made  or  obtained  from"  acetanilid, 
and  can  only  be  considered  a  theoretical  derivative  and  not 
an  actual  derivrlivc  of  acetanilid.  In  view  of  the  foregoing, 
we  cannot  see  how  it  is  possible  for  the  courts  to  render  a. 
decision   favorable  to  the  Government's  contentions. 

It  occurs  to  us  that  possibly  the  foregoing  might  interest 
vour  readers,  and  beg  to  remain,       Very   truly  yours, 

JIONS.\NTO  CHEMICAL  WORKS, 

St.  Louis,  Jan.  8,  1914.  .Tno.  F.  Queeny,  Pres. 


Removing  Water  from  Oils. 

To  the  Editor  of  The  Pharmaceutical  Era: 

I  notice  in  the  January  number  of  your  magazine  on  page- 
14  an  inquiry  concerning  the  removal  of  water  from  cam- 
phorated oil. 

.•\s  I  have  had  numerous  occasions  to  clear  up  samples  of 
camphor  liniment,  sent  in  by  the  drug  inspector  of  this  de- 
partment, so  that  it  is  possible  to  take  the  polariscopic  reading, 
and  as  the  method  is  much  easier  of  manipulation,  and  at  the 
same  time  gives  a  perfectly  clear  solution,  I  am  taking  the 
liberty  of  calling  your  attention  to  it. 

Take  sheet  gelatin  and  break  it  up  into  small  pieces  and 
add  it  to  the  camphorated  oi',  shake  well,  and  allow  to  stand' 
over  night,  when  it  will  be  found  perfectly  free  from  water, 
the  gelatin  having  absorbed  all  the  water.  .-Ml  that  is  neces- 
sary then  is  to  pour  off  or  strain  the  oil  and  it  is  ready  for  use. 

The  amount  of  gelatin  to  be  used  naturally  depends  upon 
the  amount  of  water  present,  any  excess  of  gelatin,  however, 
does  not  do  any  harm. 

I  have  found  this  method  of  removing  water  from  oils  to  be 
perfectly  satisfactory,  and  we  think  superior  to  the  dried 
sodium   sulpliate   method.  \'ery  truly   yours, 

LiNWOOD    A.    Browx. 

Lexington,  Ky.,  Jan.  9,  1914. 

An  Illuminating  Circular. 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Er.\: 

I  have  received  recently  a  letter  from  a  certain  New  York 
company  which,  it  strikes  me,  will  bear  investigating,  par- 
ticularly as  it  is  reported  to  me  by  a  mercantile  agency  that 
the  head  of  the  company  is  a  practicing  physician.  This  letter- 
circular  read  as  follows: 

"WOULD  YOU  DISPENSE  YOUR  OWN  PRE- 
SCRIPTIONS 
if  you  could  do  so  quicker  than  you  could  write  a  B  ? 
We  make  a  specialty  of  preparing  physicians'  private 
formulas,  put  up  in  small  bottles,  labeled  with  plain 
or  printed  labels  (ready  to  have  the  directions  writ- 
ten thereon)  and  wrapped.  We  supply  any  quantity 
you  require  and  at  a  price  that  will  surprise  you. 
Can  make  deliveries  24  hours  after  receipt  of  order. 
Have  you  ever  considered  this  as  a  source  of  legitimate 
income   that   you   are   not   now   taking   advantage   of? 

"CLUB  AND  SOCIETY  PRACTICE 
can   be   made   trebly   profitable    if   you    will   dispense 
your  own  prescriptions  to  this  class  of  patient. 

"We  can  prepare  your  Liquids,  Powders,  Oint- 
ments, Capsules,  etc.,  ready  to  be  handed  to  the 
patient,  at  a  price  that  will  allow  you  300%  profit 
on  a  SO-ccnt  prescription. 

"The  pharmacist  now  makes  this  money — you 
should  have  it. 

"(Signed) , 

"New  York  City." 
In  justice  to  the  pharmacist,  I  think  an  investigation  of 
this  company  might  throw  some  interesting  light  on  many 
another  of  these  companies  which  take. advantage  of  every  op- 
portunity to  make  the  burden  of  the  pharmacist  heavier,  and  at 
the  same  time  compel  him  to  charge  so-called  high  prices 
when  this  company's  goods  are  called  for. 

Brooklyn,   N.    Y.,   Jan.  21,    1914.  Thomas  Lamd. 


Febrcart,  1914] 


THE    PHARiL\CEUTICAL    ERA 


51 


Pharmacy  in  the  Past  Twenty-Five  Years,  by  L.  K.  Liggett. 


Lons  K.  Liggett 
President    United    Drug    Co. 


IX  the  development  of  the  drug  business  during  the  past 
25  years  there  has  been  sounded,  with  growing  insistence, 
the  note  of  commercialism.  I  know  of  no  other  line  of 
human  endeavor  in  which  progress  has  demanded  such  a 
complete   transforcation   as   in   the   drug   business. 

Professional  IdsaJs. 
The  druggist  of  25  years 
ago  cal'ed  himself  an  apothe- 
carv'  and  considered  himself 
a  member  of  one  of  the 
learned  professions.  He  be- 
lieved that  there  was  a  dif- 
ference between  pharmacists 
and  business  men,  and  that 
the  difference  was  in  his 
favor.  In  his  regard  for  pro- 
fessional ethics  he  paid  little 
heed  to  the  larger  ethics  of 
public  service.  He  never  put 
it  into  words,  perhaps,  but  he 
thought  that  dignity  and  small 
net  profits  were  somehow  re- 
lated. He  was  certainly  not 
a  merchant.  He  sold  toilet 
goods,  perfumery,  brushes, 
etc.,  but  he  did  not  feature 
them.  The  goods  were  shown 
when  asked  for,  and  when  sold  yielded  the  same  ratio  of  gross 
profit  as  was  charged  for  drugs,  which  was  alvs-ays  double  and 
sometimes  more. 

The  Old  Store. 
I  remember  as  though  it  were  yesterday,  the  typical  old-time 
drug  store.  In  its  windows  were  jars  of,  colored  water  which 
served  a  purpose  by  calling  attention  to  the  store  when  electric 
signs  were  unknown.  .\lso,  there  were  festoons  of  dusty 
sponges,  exhibits  of  cochineal  bugs,  rock  sulphur,  and  fly- 
specked  cards  announcing  the  "Old  Folks'  Supper"  at  tli,- 
Methodist  Church. 

Profitable  Goods  Not  Shown. 
But  it  was  inside  the  store  that  the  difference  between  the 
old  druggist  and  the  new  was  most  evident.  In  the  old  store 
the  front  shelves,  which  are  now  devoted  to  attractive  goods 
selling  themselves  to  well  people — candy,  stationery,  perfumes, 
etc. — were  filled  with  g'ass-Iabeled  jars  and  tincture  bottles. 
The  fact  that  the  sight  of  Syrup  of  Squills  or  Tr.  .^safetida, 
never  stimulated  the  buying  instinct,  did  not  worry  the  pro- 
fessional pharmacist,  any  more  than  did  the  fact  that  by  keep- 
ing the  tinctures  in  the  front  of  the  store,  he  was  forced  to 
make  unnecessary  trips  back  and  forth  to  the  prescription  case. 
The  same  neglect  of  opportunities  existed  in  other  depart- 
ments. If  the  druggist  sold  soda  water,  cigars  or  candy  his 
heart  was  not  always  in  the  work.  Small  stocks  were  carried, 
goods  were  poorly  kept  and  poorly  displayed.  What  many  a 
druggist  called  his  soda  fountain  was  a  sort  of  sarcophagus  in 
which  dead  opportunities  were  bviried.  Of  the  two  classes  of 
customers — householders  and  houseflies — only  the  latter  re- 
turned with  any  real  enthusiasm.  Though  there  were  notable 
e-xcepiions,  from  the  old-time  fotuitain,  the  druggist  dispensed 
what  the  term  signified,  "soda  water,"  sweetened  and  flavored. 
Ice-cream  sodas  were  not  common  25  years  ago.  Practically 
the  only  beverage  aside  from  the  regular  flavors  was  milk 
shake.  Once  becoming  popular,  ice-cream  sodas  were  soon 
followed  by  sundaes  or  college  ices,  as  they  were  called  in 
various  localities. 

It  is  significant  that  ine  condition  of  the  .'Vnierican  druggist 
25  years  ago  was,  until  very  recently,  precisely  the  condition 
of  the  British  chemist.  It  is  even  more  significant  that  both 
have  been  transformed  by  the  same  force — Co-operation. 
Financial  Condition. 
Twenty-five  years  ago  there  were  about  35.000*  retail  drug- 
gists operating  the  same  number  of. stores  in  the  United  States. 
It  must  be  noted  that  there  were  no  chains  of  stores  in  those 
days.      The    capital    invested    in    the    average    store    was   very 


^According  to  Era  Druggists'  Directory  (1890)  the  total  was 
54,317. 


small,  ranging  from  a  few  hundred  dollars  to  $5000.  .-K  store 
whose  armual  business  amounted  to  more  th;n  510,000  was 
considered  a  gold  mine. 

Commercial  Standing. 

Though  always  respected  for  his  high  integrity,  the  old- 
fashioned  druggist  did  not  enjoy  a  very  high  commercial 
standing  in  his  community.  Owing  to  his  semi-professional 
character  be  was  more  likely  to  be  asked  to  contribute  to  local 
campaigns  than  to  take  active  leadership  as  he  does  today. 
He  was  father-confessor  to  the  neighborhood.  The  housewife 
told  him  her  troubles,  and  when  she  had  gone  away  comforted, 
her  husband  dodged  into  the  back  shop  to  forget  his  troubles — 
leaving  his  10-cent  piece  on  the  shelf.  The  druggist  also  con- 
ducted a  sort  of  general  information  bureau,  telling  when  and 
where  the  trains  went,  predicting  the  weather,  and  giving  sage 
opinions  on  national  topics.  He  conducted  a  sub-postoffice 
before  the  name  "sub-postoffice"  was  thought  of. 
Location  of  Stores. 
The  retail  druggist  h.as  always  been  fortunate  in  the  matter 
of  location.  Twenty-five  years  ago,  as  now,  the  most  promi- 
nent comer  in  the  town  was  almost  invariably  occupied  by  the 
druggist.  One  might  aknost  say  that  the  best  comer  was 
tacitly  reserved  for  him.  The  drug  store  of  early  days  was 
quite  as  prominent  as  the  store  of  today.  For  while  the 
modem  druggist  has  electric  signs,  "flashers,"  beautiful  store 
fronts  and  striking  color-schemes  with  which  to  draw  atten- 
tion, his  predecessor  got  something  of  the  same  results  by 
using  the  familiar  colored  window  bottles,  which,  with  the 
light  shining  through  them,  beaconed  trade  and  were  the  most 
brilliant  illvmiinations  on  the  street. 

Condition  of  Clerks. 
The  workers  in  any  organization  reflect  the  spirit  of  its 
leaders.  And  the  average  drug  clerk  of  25  years  ago  was  not 
remarkable  for  commercial  efliciency,  though  he  possessed  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  his  profession,  as  is  proved  by  the 
fact  that  some  of  the  biggest  drug  merchandisers  of  today- 
were  clerks  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago.  The  old-time  drug 
clerk  began  to  learn  the  business  as  an  errand  boy,  receiving 
.  usually  S3.S0  a  week  during  the  first  year.  He  did  all  of 
the  manual  labor  about  the  store,  scrubbing  floors,  cleaning 
windows,  washing  bottles.  During  the  second  year  he  was 
paid  S4.00  or  $5.00  a  week,  and  at  the  end  of  the  third  year 
earned  from  $8.00  to  SIO.OO  a  week,  $12.00  being  considered  a 
liberal  salary  at  that  time. 

The  drug  c'erk  of  25  years  ago  had  a  thorough  knowledge 
of  his  profession.  If  he  preferred  to  roll  a  perfectly  spherical 
pill,  to  rounding  out  the  store  profits  by  aggressive  selling 
efforts,  the  fault  was  not  his,  but  his  employer's.  Both  were 
handicapped  by  traditions  reaching  back  to  the  time  when 
pharmacy  was  developing  out  of  alchemy.  There  were  clerks 
in  those  days  of  high  character,  conscientious  and  ambitious 
workers,  just  as  there  are  today,  only  today  the  opportunities 
are  larger. 
The  Pharmacist  Compared  With  Other  Eetailers. 
The  question  is  often  asked  :  "How  did  the  early  pharmacist 
compare  with  other  retail  business  men?"  The  answer  is  that 
there  was  no  comparison.  For,  as  said  before,  the  pharmacist 
was  a  professional  man  and  was  not  considered  when  mer- 
chants were  thought  of. 

Kelations  With  Wholesalers  and  Manufacturers. 
The  average  small  druggist  of  25  years  ago  was  very  much 
dependent  on  the  jobber,  and  he  had  little  to  do  with  the 
manufacturer.  His  orders,  for  small  quantities,  were  placed 
with  the  jobber  and  there  was  little  direct  dealing  with  the 
manufacturer,  who  usually  was  none  too  anxious  to  recognize 
the  retail  druggist,  even  when  the  latter  chanced  to  have  the 
price  of  the  goods,   which  was  not  always  the  case. 

Improvements  for  Commercial  Betterment. 
The  merchandising  drug  store  of  today  owes  its  existence 
to  the  pioneer  price-cutters,  and  price-cutting  in  tum,  was  the 
outcome  of  what  at  the  time  seemed  an  unmixed  evil — depart- 
m.ent-store  competition.  During  their  development  in  the 
eighties  the  department  stores,  by  aggressive  methods,  gradu- 
ally took  from  the  druggist  what  little  trade  he  had  in  brushes 
and    toilet    goods.      Price-cutting    by    department    stores    was 


THE   PHARiLlCEUTICAL   ERA 


[Februaky,  iyi4 


soon   extended   to   include   proprietxr.'  medicines*     The   result 
was  demoralizing.     Almost  everj-where  prices  melted  away. 

\'arious  attempts  at  repression  were  defeated,  whether  by 
enlightened  influence  or  by  the  department  stores,  as  was 
claimed  by  the  framers  of  such  measures,  matters  little.     There 


George    Ramsey 
oj  Xm'  York  City 


G.   B.   Evans 
of  Philadelphia 


was  bitter  warfare  between  the  cutters  and  the  advocates  of 
price  maintenance. 

In  the  begiiming  of  price-cutting  by  department  stores,  the 
average  druggist,  true  to  his  professional  traditions,  tamely 
submitted  to  what  seemed  inevitable  and  continued  to  work 
15  hours  a  day,  seven  days  a  week,  to  make  a  living.  A  few 
of  the  more  progressive  spirits  in  the  larger  cities,  however, 
refused  to  submit  to  these  conditions.  They  broke  wholly 
away  from  the  old  "ethical"  idea  of  doing  business  and  started 
what  is  known  as  the  Cut  Rate  War. 

It  was  in  the  early  eighties  that  the  pioneer  price-cutting  of 
the  "big  four" — Evans  of  Philadelphia,  Robinson  of  Memphis, 
Dow  of  Cincinnati,  and  Jacobs  of  .\tlanta — aroused  national 
attention.  Other  famous  price-cutters  included  W.  G.  Mar- 
shall, Cleveland,  Ohio;  Geo.  C.  Lyon,  of  Hall  &  Lyon  Co., 
Waltham  and  Providence;  Charles  P.  Jaynes,  Boston,  Mass.; 
George  Ramsey,  formerly  of  the  Hegeman  Corporation;  Messrs. 
Wheeler  &  Bolton,  Brooklj-n,  N.  Y.,  and  Hurd  &  Gray, 
Detroit,  Mich. 

Price-cutting  became,  in  a  few  years,  practically  universal. 
It  is  interesting  to  consider  this  problem  from  the  viewpoint 
of  one  of  the  men  who  inaugurated  cut  rates.  The  first  cut- 
rate  drug  store  in  Xew  York  City  was  established  by  George 
Ramsey,  of  the  Hegeman  Company.  In  a  recent  letter  Mr. 
Ramsey  describes  the  conditions  leading  to  cut  rates  and  tells 
how  the  latter  affected  his  business. 

Effect  of  Cut  Bates. 

"The  cutting  in  the  drug  business  commenced  in  Xew  York 
about  1S79  in  our  store;  previous  to  that  time  business  was 
very  slow.  The  sales  then  were  very  much  smaller  than  now. 
We  rarely  sold  a  bottle  of  perfume  over  75  cents,  or  a  hair 
brush  over  one  dollar.  And  our  idea  in  starting  to  cut  prices 
was  to  try  to  get  a  volume  of  business.  We  started  with  a 
cut  of  10%  on  all  patents,  and  found  it  such  a  success  that 
we  increased  our  discount  to  15%  and  20%.  This  soon 
enabled  us  to  buy  direct  from  manufacturers.  In  1882  our 
business  had  increased  300%  from  1879.  In  1879  our  per- 
centage of  cost  to  do  business  was  about  30%  and  in  1882 
about  23%.  Rent  was  about  one-half  what  it  is  now,  cartage 
about  33%%  less  than  now,  but  there  is  not  much  difference 
in  freight.  We  had  no  difficulty  in  getting  registered  clerks 
at  $15  a  week,  as  good  men  in  every  way  as  we  now  pay  $25 
a  week.  All  our  other  help  was  in  about  the  same  proportion. 
At  the  same  time  we  reduced  soda  water  from  10  cents  to  6 
cents  per  glass." 

Another  interesting  account  of  the  effect  of  cut  prices  in 
changing  the  old  pharmacy  into  the  merchandising  drug  store, 
is  contained  in  the  following  letter  from  Mr.  John  W.  Gray, 
founder  of  the  Gray  &  Worcester  Store,  Detroit,  Mich.: 

"Mr.  Hurd  and  I  commenced  business  at  208  Woodward 
avenue  about  the  1st  of  August,  1886,  with  a  stock  of  drug 
merchandise  and  fixtures  amounting  to  about  $2500.     We  had 


a  small  soda  fountain  and  our  stock  consisted  of  drugs,  patent 
medicines,  perfumes,  a  few  sundries,  such  as  tooth,  nail  and 
cloth  brushes,  combs,  slioulder  braces,  and  a  small  stock  of 
cigars.  Until  we  began  cutting,  along  in  1894,  Mr.  Hurd  and 
1,  with  the  assistance  of  a  boy,  conducted  the  business. 

"Our  average  monthly  sales  during  this  period,  with  but 
little  \-ariation,  were  from  $600  to  $700,  about  one-half  of  which 
wc  considered  as  gross  profits.  Rent  was  $100  a  month,  other 
e.xpenses  would  total  from  $-40  to  $50  a  month.  .Mong,  I 
think,  in  '94,  as  there  had  been  more  or  less  cutting  of  prices 
by  our  competitors,  and  our  business  had  shown  a  sligh  loss 
for  a  few  months,  we  decided  to  become  more  aggressive,  to 
put  on  our  signs  and  advertise  ourselves  as  a  cut-rate  drug 
store.  Our  policy  at  the  beginning  was  to  meet  prices  made 
by  any  other  house  on  anything  in  our  line,  and  a  price  once 
established  was  continued   indclinitely. 

"We  always  kept  on  hand  a  large  stock  of  our  leading 
sellers,  and  soon  we  acquired  a  reputation  for  having  the  goods 
and  selling  them  at  advertised  prices,  both  of  which  helped  us 
materially.  .As  nearly  as  I  can  recollect,  within  six  months 
from  the  time  we  began  cutting  prices,  our  average  monthly 
sales  had  been  doubled  and  the  increase  kept  up  at  a  gradually 
increasing  rate  until  they  became  about  $15,000  a  month. 
I  might  mention  that  during  this  time,  as  our  business  was 
increasing,  we  put  in  a  larger  and  more  varied  stock  of  sun- 
dries, rubber  goods,  fancy  goods,  cigars,  etc.  We  also  installed 
a  new  and  large  soda  fountain,  finding  that  our  cut  rates  on 
patent  medicines  attracted  many  more  people  to  our  store  and 
furnished  us  with  the  opportunity  of  increasing  and  extending 
in  many  ways;  on  most  of  these  goods  we  made  the  same 
profits  as  we  had  made  under  the  old  methods  of  doing 
business. 

"The  gross  profits  made  on  goods  so!d  after  we  began  cut- 
ting prices  were  from  one-fourth  to  one-third  of  total  sales. 
Expenses,  of  course,  were  more  as  business  grew,  on  account 
of  extra  help  and  advertising,  but  our  net  gain  increased 
faster  in  proportion,  as  many  items  of  expense,  such  as  rent, 
light,  heating,  'phones,  etc.,  cost  no  more  than  before. 

"The  average  salaries  paid  drug  clerks  from  1894  to  1905 
was  from  $12   to  $18  a  week." 

To  the  energy  and  foresight  of  the  early  price  cutters  are 
due  much  of  the  credit  for  the  changing  conditions  which 
made  possible  the  final  transformation  wrought  by  the  spirit 
of  co-operation.  The  business  of  the  cut-rate  drug  stores 
increased  very  rapidly,  and  for  the  first  time  men  began  to 
realize  the  possibilities  of  the  retail  drug  business.  The  live 
druggists  were  quick  to  adopt  the  policy  of  price  cutting,  and 
in  a  short  time  cut  prices  ruled  in  practically  every  city  in 
the  United  States,  although  for  some  time  price  cutting  was 
confined  to  the  leading  druggist  in  each  locality. 


Geo.  C.  Lyon 
of  Waltham,  Mass. 


The  Late  C.  P.  J.^iynk 
L  of   Boston,    Mass. 


Among  the  forces  working  against  price-cutting  were  the 
local  pharmaceutical  organizations.  With  undeniably  good 
intentions  the  members  of  these  organizations,  refusing  to  see 
the  dawning  of  a  new  era,  banded  together  to  maintain  full 
prices,  thus  playing  into  the  hands  of  the  big  price-cutters 
into  whose  stores  they  drove  their  own  btisiness. 
( To  be  continued) 


February,  1914] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


53 


Efficiency  in  Food  and  Drug  Control.* 

By  HON.   JAMES  H.    WALLIS. 

Food   and  Drug    Commissioner    of   Idaho. 

THE  importance  of  food  and  drug  control  looms  large  at 
the  present  time.  Zealous  and  conscientious  officials, 
working  with  defective  laws,  have  yet  been  able  to  make 
long  strides  toward  securing  pure  and  properly  labeled  foods 
for  the  stomachs  of  the  people,  and  for  our  sick,  drugs  which 
have  not  been  debased.  These  results  have  been  accomplished 
only  by  the  aid  of  strong  public  opinion  enlightened  by  a 
friendly  press,  and  with  the  help  of  sympathetic  judges  who 
have  endeavored  to  overlook  technical  defects  in  the  laws  and 
to  see  only  the  spirit  of  such  legislation. 

In  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  and  generally  in  the 
legislatures  of  the  various  States,  there  has  been  such  lively 
appreciation  of  the  necessity  of  pure  food  and  vmadulterated 
drugs  that  the  officials  charged  with  the  enforcement  of  food 
and  drug  laws  had  but  little  trouble  in  securing  adequate 
appropriations  to  carry  on  their  work.  This  put  the  re- 
sponsibility for  proper  results  squarely  upon  the  food  and 
drug  officials.  Have  we  secured  the  greatest  possible  result 
for  each  dollar  expended?  I  am  forced  to  the  conclusion 
that  the  question  carmot  be  answered  in  the  affirmative. 

The  first  difficulty  in  the  way  of  efficient  enforcement  of 
food  and  drug  laws  has  been  a  lack  of  effective  co-operation 
among  food  and  drug  control  officials.  This  applies  not  only 
as  between  State  officials  and  National  officials,  but  also  to 
co-operation  among  the  State  officials  themselves.  This  is  an 
evil  well  recognized  by  all  the  officials  and  steps  have  now 
been  taken  to  correct  it.  It  is  a  matter  which  rests  entirely 
with  the  officials,  and  help  must  come  from  within  and  not 
from  without.  \\'e  must  do  that  work  ourselves. 
Educational  Work  Necessary. 

We  have  been  deficient  also  in  the  quantity  and  quality  of 
educational  work  which  should  be  done.  'True,  we  have  sent 
our  bulletins  to  the  consumer,  warning  him  against  the  frauds 
and  impositions  which  we  have  detected  in  his  fq,od  supply, 
and  in  his  drugs;  and  in  these  same  bulletins  we  have  given 
him  the  names  of  those  food  and  drugs  manufacturers  and 
dealers  who  have  sold  him  the  adulterated  and  misbranded 
articles.  We  have  informed  him  of  the  dire  consequences 
which  the  officials  of  the  State  have  visited  upon  these  manu- 
facturers in  the  way  of  fines  and  other  penalties.  This  has 
been  good  work  but  it  has  not  gone  far  enough.  There  is  not 
a  food  and  drug  official  of  e.'q)erience  who  does  not  know 
that  90  per  cent,  of  the  violations  of  food  and  drug  laws, 
both  State  and  National,  have  been  caused  largely  by  the 
ignorance  or  carelessness  of  the  manufacturer,  and  not  with  a 
wilful  intent  to  produce  and  dispose  of  adulterated  and  mis- 
branded  articles.  Ten  per  cent.,  perhaps,  of  the  prosecutions 
are  against  manufacturers  who  deliberately  offer  debased, 
deleterious,  adulterated  and  misbranded  foods  and  drugs;  and 
as  against  this  latter  class  of  manufacturers  the  penalties 
provided  in  \'arious  laws  have  been  woefully  deficient.  But 
how  about  those  manufacturers  who  have  sinned  because  of 
ignorance? 

Have  we  done  our  full  governmental  duty  when  we  say,  let 
the  manufacturer  beware,  let  him  put  out  foods  and  drugs 
at  his  peril?  Does  not  such  a  policy  lose  sight  of  the  end 
sought  to  be  attained,  which  is  to  secure  as  quickly  as  may 
be  possible  a  pure  food  and  drug  supply  for  the  people? 
Will  we  not  attain  that  result  more  quickly  if  we  educate 
our  manufacturers,  show  them  how  to  produce  pure  foods  in 
a  cleanly  manner,  and  spread  information  regarding  methods 
of  adulterating  drugs,  largely  perpetrated  by  the  foreign  pro- 
ducer upon  the  .\merican  importer  who  buys  in  good  faith? 

The  great  majority'  is  honest.  It  is  not  right,  it  is  not  even 
politic,  to  confound  the  great  mass  of  clean,  honest  manu- 
facturers with  the  sordid,  dishonest  minority-,  A  distinction 
should  be  made.  Increase  the  penalties  against  the  dishonest, 
and  educate  the  honest.  If  this  be  done  there  will  be  fewer 
court  cases,  because  there  will  be  a  lesser  number  of  violations 
of  law. 

The  two  minor  reasons  why  the  food  and  drug  control  work 
has  not  been  more  effective  are  as  stated,  lack  of  effective 
co-operation    between    food    and    drug    control    officials,    and 


*DeIivered  before  the  National  Civic  Federation,  New  York. 


insufficient  and  defective  educational  work.  I  do  not  wish  to 
be  understood  to  state  that  great  good  has  not  already  been 
accomplished,  but  before  the  best  results  are  permanently 
secured  there  must  be  a  radical  reorganization  and  change  of 
methods. 

Drug    Control    Not    Efficient. 

The  food  and  drug  control  work  in  the  United  States  is 
not  SO  per  cent,  efficient.  This  is  startling,  but  it  is  true. 
Where  is  the  trouble?  The  answer  is  found  in  defective 
organization  and  utter  lack  of  correlation  of  several  branches 
of  what  really  is  but  one  subject.  This  trouble  has  its  root 
in  the  laws  of  the  Federal  Government  and  in  the  laws  of  the 
States,  We  must  secure  basic  changes  in  these  National  and 
State  laws  and  this  association  can  help  materially. 
What   Is   Food   and    Drug    Control? 

It  has  been  customary  to  divide  food  and  drug  frauds  into 
two  classes:  (1)  Those  which  strike  the  pocketbook  because 
of  the  substitution  of  inferior  quality;  and  (2)  those  which 
prey  upon  the  human  system,  either  because  they  are  positively 
deleterious,  or  because  they  are  deficient  in .  strength  or  in 
effect.  This  is  an  artificial  classification  and  an  imsound  one. 
All  food  and  drug  frauds  fall  within  the  second  class.  They 
prey  upon  the  system,  for  it  will  be  found,  whenever  a  food 
or  drug  is  debased  by  the  substitution  of  cheaper  material, 
cheaper  only  because  it  is  deficient  in  food  value  or  lacking 
in  therapeutic  effect,  that  not  only  has  the  money  of  the 
consumer  been  stolen,  but  there  has  been  a  direct  attack  upon 
the  system.  Either  the  body  has  been  deprived  of  proper 
nourishment  in  the  food,  or  it  has  suffered  from  the  lack  of 
remedial  value  in  the  drug. 

In  plain  English,  then,  the  imderlying  principle  upon  which 
food  and  drug  control  rests  is  the  protection  of  the  bodily 
welfare  of  the  citizens.  It  falls  in  the  same  class  as  the 
sewage  problem  of  our  cities,  and  the  disposal  of  waste  prod- 
ucts of  animal  life  in  our  rural  sections.  It  is  brother  to  the 
"swat  the  fly"  crusade,  and  a  first  cousin  to  the  work  of  in- 
specting working  conditions  in  factories,  including  woman  and 
child  labor,  a  terrible  menace  to  the  welfare  of  the  generations 
of  citizens  yet  to  come.  It  is  closely  related  to  the  inspection 
and  quarantine  work  against  contagious  disease,  be  that 
disease  measles  or  bubonic  plague.  It  is  in  the  same  family 
as  the  work  of  protecting  our  water  supplies  from  pollution. 
In  short,  it  is  one  branch  of  health  work. 

One    Effective    Organization. 

To  be  efficient  we  must  have  all  of  these  activities  I  have 
named  and  the  many  others  which  I  have  not  named,  com- 
bined into  one  organization.  It  must  be  done  in  the  Nation, 
and  it  must  be  done  in  each  State,  .■^s  the  matter  stands 
now,  there  is  no  correlation  of  these  various  activities  which 
are  all  but  part  and  parcel  of  one  great  work,  fostering  and 
protecting  the  bodily  welfare  of  our  citizens.  I  do  not  care 
whether  we  have  a  National  Department  of  Health,  with  its 
head  sitting  as  a  cabinet  officer.  It  is  not  the  name  and 
position  that  count.  It  is  the  effective  organization  which,  no 
matter  what  it  may  be  called,  can  group  together  this  widely 
scattered  work  and  combine  imder  one  head  and  one  direction 
all  of  these  separate  forces  really  working  for  a  common  end. 

Consider  the  deplorable  condition  which  exists  now.  Each 
activity  has  its  own  administrative  and  executive  force,  sepa- 
rate clerical  and  inspecting  forces,  separate  laboratories  and 
experts,  separate  filing  and  housing.  Think  what  this  means  in 
waste  of  money  and  energy,  and  that  is  by  far  the  lesser 
waste.  The  paralyzing  thing  is  the  absence  of  one  broad,  far- 
reaching  plan  which  takes  into  account  all  that  can  be  done 
by  each  separate  line  of  endeavor,  and  welds  the  whole  into 
one  irresistible  engine  of  progress. 

First,  'u>e  must  have  national  legislation,  which  wUl  recog- 
nise the  principle,  but  placing  within  one  organization  the 
various  and  many  health  activities  of  the  Federal  government. 
This  organization,  when  created,  must  be  directed  to  co-operate 
with  the  State  organizations,  which  will  be  patterned  after  it. 
Every  dollar  of  appropriation  for  health  work  must  be  made 
to  do  its  work.  In  cities  and  towns  where  Government  labora- 
tories are  located,  the  municipal  and  State  laboratory  work 
should  be  done  in  the  Government  Iaborator>',  The  Federal 
government  should  clothe  the  State  inspectors  with  all  the 
powers  held  by  Federal  inspectors,  and  the  State  likewise 
should  make  the  Federal  inspector  the  agent  of  the  State 
The   legislation.    Federal   and   State,    should   be   tmiform,   and 


5-1 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[February,  1914 


if  the  States  are  to  follow  the  National  law,  the  latter  must 
be  progressive  and  adequate  to  remedy  evils  which  must  be 
met. 

\\'hen  these  things  are  done  we  shall  secure  results,  and 
we  shall  have  in  these  United  States  men  and  women  of  finer 
physique  and  longer  lives  than  the  world  has  ever  before  seen. 


Classical  Discoveiies  in  Pharmacv. — III 


THE    FIRST    GLXJCOSIDE. 


THE  discovery  of  the  class  of  alkaloids,  and  their  recogni- 
tion as  "active  principles"  of  many  plants,  gave  rise  to  a 
continuous  series  of  attempts  to  locate  an  active  prin- 
ciple in  every  drug  possessing  remedial  powers.  Indeed,  the 
search  is  by  no  means  ended  even  in  our  day.  In  course  of 
time  certain  substances  were  found  which  were  evidently  the 
active  constituents  of  drug  plant.s,  but  which  could  not  be 
grouptd  with  alkaloids,  on  account  of  striking  differences  in 
chemical  make-up.  The  first  of  these  bodies  to  be  isolated  was  the 
glucoside  salicin,  discovered  by  Lerou.x,  a  French  pharmacist 
located  at  \'itry-le- Francois,  in  1830.  Leroux's  own  account 
of  his  work  is  not  accessible,  the  article  tel-ing  of  the  dis- 
nery  being  a  report  by  the  eminent  chemists  Gay-Lussac 
I'.d  Magendie,  who  had  e.\amined  Lerou.x's  statements  and 
repeated  his  experiments.  The  account  appears  in  the 
Annales  de  Chimie  et  de  Physique,  Series  2,  Tome  43,  page 
440,    1830. 

.\s  the  following  story  shows,  Lerou.x  was  not  at  first  aware 
of  the  fact  that  his  new  substance  was  not  an  alkaloid  like 
morphine  and  quinine.  Indeed,  he  did  not  learn  from  his 
own  labors  that  he  had,  like  Sertuemer  with  morphine,  found 
the  first  member  of  still  another  class  of  compounds.  It  was 
not  until  1S45  that  Piria  demonstrated  the  splitting  up  of 
salicin  into  saliretin  and  glucose.  The  first  paper  on  salicin 
follows.     We  have  preserved  the  old  ending  in  -ine: 

Report  of  a  Memoir  of  M.  Leroux,  Pharmacist  at  Vitry-le- 
Francois,  Relative  to  the  Chemical  Analysis  of  Willow  Bark, 
by  Gay-Lussac  and  Magendie. 

"In  the  month  of  June  last,  the  Academy  charged  us— M. 
Gay-Lussac  and  myself — to  examine  a  memoir  of  M.  Leroux 
and  to  report  on  it.  The  importance  of  the  facts  contained 
in  this  memoir,  and'  the  researches  to  which  we  had  to  devote 
ourselves  in  order  to  verify  its  exactitude,  have  prevented  us 
from  making  our  report  sooner.  No  less  a  question  is  in- 
volved, in  fact,  than  whether  there  exists,  in  one  of  our 
indigenous  plants,  a  principle  that  can  take  the  place  of  the 
alkalies  which  chemical  industry  now  extracts  from  cinchona 
barks.  One  can  therefore  understand  with  what  attention 
we  examined  the  work  of  M.  Leroux. 

"Since  the  beautiful  and  useful  researches  of  M.  Sertuemer 
on  morphine,  and  those  of  MM.  Pelletier  and  Caventou  on 
quinine,  cinchonine,  strychnine,  etc.,  many  chemists  have 
striven  to  separate  from  energetic  medicaments  the  particular 
principle  to  which  they  owe  their  properties.  This  kind  of 
work  has  eru-iched  science  by  several  new  substances,  and 
medicine   by  a  number  of   important  therapeutic   means. 

"M.  Leroux,  an  enlightened  pharmacist  of  Vitry-le-Francois, 
knowing  that  the  willow  had  been  employed  more  than  once 
with  advantage  as  a  bitter  and  febrifuge,  desired  to  know  if 
the  worthless  barks  which  are  detached  from  w'icker  twigs 
before  the  latter  are  worked  up,  did  not  contain  some  sub- 
stance analogous  to  quinine  and  cinchonine,  and  soon  his 
analyses  placed  him  in  a  position  to  send,  first  to  one  of  us 
and  finally  to  the  Academy,  two  products  extracted  from  the 
bark  of  Salix  Helix:  one  which  he  called  salicine,  and  which 
he  regards  as  a  salifiable  vegetable  base;  the  other,  which  he 
called  salicine  sulphate;  and  these  two  substances  M.  Leroux 
announced  as  possessing  the   febrifuge   power. 

"The  memoir  thus  presented  two  parts,  one  chemical  and 
the  other  clinical.  Our  task,  in  examining  the  first  pai-t,  con- 
sisted in  ascert:.ining  whether  the  substance  described  by  M. 
Leroux  was  actually  a  new  vegetable  alkali;  now  M.  Leroux, 
having  come  from  Paris  in  the  month  of  July  last,  recognized 
with  us  that  the  substance  which  he  extracted  from  willow 
bark,  under  the  name  of  salicine,  is  not  alkaline  at  all;  it 
does'  not   sensibly   saturate  acids;    also,    that,    far    from   com- 


bining with  it,  acids  decompose  it,  and  make  it  lose  its  prop- 
erty of  crystallizing;  that  it  does  not  contain  azote,  and  hence 
cannot  be  ranked  among  the  new  vegetable  alkalies;  as  for 
the  substance  which  he  has  sent  to  the  Academy  under  the 
name  of  sulphate  of  salicine,  M.  Leroux  himself  had  already 
realized  that  he  had  allowed  himself  to  be  imposed  upon  by 
certain  circumstances  of  his  analysis,  and  that  this  pretended 
salt  does  not  exist;  and  this  is  in  effect  what  our  committee 
have  verified. 

"The  substance  to  which  M.  Leroux  gives  the  name  of 
salicine,  when  pure  presents  itself  under  the  form  of  very 
slender,  pearly-white  crystals;  it  is  very  so'uble  in  water  and 
alcohol,  but  not  in  ether;  its  taste  is  of  the  bitterest,  and 
recalls  the  aroma  of  willow  bark. 

".'\ftcr  liaving  confirmed  the  existence  of  salicine,  and  de- 
termined its  properties  and  its  mode  of  preparation,  it  was 
necessary  to  assure  ourselves  if  this  substance  really  possesses 
the  febrifuge  virtue,  and  in  case  of  an  affirmative  outcome, 
to  see  if  it  could  replace  quinine.  Now,  as  to  the  first  point, 
that  is,  the  febrifuge  property,  one  of  us  has  assured  himself 
by  trials  begun  in  the  month  of  June  of  last  year,  on  in- 
termittent fevers  of  different  types,  that  salicine  is  a  febri- 
fuge agent  sufficing  to  arrest  the  attacks  of  fever,  without 
carrying  the  dose  too  high;  our  reporter  has  seen  fevers  cut 
off,  from  one  day  to  the  next,  by  three  doses  of  salicine  of 
six  grains  each;  many  physicians  give  sulphate  of  quinine  in 
doses  as  high  and  even  higher, 

"In  fine,  M.  Leroux  has  discovered,  in  the  bark  of  Salix 
Helix,  a  crystalline  principle,  which  incontestably  enjoys  the 
febrifuge  power  to  a  degree  which  approaches  that  possessed 
by  sulphate  of  quinine,  and  this  discovery  is  without  contra- 
diction one  of  the  most  important  which  has  been  made  in 
therapeutics  since  several  years." 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    CALENDAR    ONE    CEN- 
TURY  AGO. 


In  a  paper  appearing  January  1,  1814,  Berzelius  and  Marcet 
confirmed  the  composition  of  carbon  disulphide,  proving  that 
it  contained  no  hydrogen.  The  substance  had  been  discovered 
by  Lampadius  in  1796.    (Am.  Chim.,  Vol.  89,  p.  67,  1814.) 

In  the  same  number  of  the  Annales  de  Chimie  is  found  the 
announcement  of  the  subject  for  the  Parmentier  Prize  for  1815. 
Parmentier,  pharmacist-in-chief  of  the  French  .^rmy,  and  the 
man  who  introduced  potatoes  into  France  on  a  large  scale, 
left  a  sum  of  600  francs  to  the  Society  of  Pharmacy  at  Paris, 
for  the  awarding  of  an  annual  prize  for  the  best  piece  of 
research  on  any  subject  assigned.  For  1815  the  topic  was 
"Extractive   in   Plants." 

De  Saussure  analyzed  alcohol  and  ether,  and  concluded  that 
both  are  combinations  of  olefiant  gas  and  water.  Making  the 
necessary  allowances  for  our  different  ideas  of  structure,  this 
conclusion  holds  true  in  the  light  of  modern  knowledge.  {Ibid., 
p.  273.) 

"The  Culture  and  Products  of  Laurus  Cinnamomum  in 
Jamaica"  is  the  title  of  a  paper  by  Dancer,  reprinted  in 
An.  Chim.,  Vol.  89,  p.  330. 

About  the  same  time  the  first  volume  of  P.  Orfila's  famous 
work  appeared,  entitled  "Treatise  on  Poisons,  or  General 
Toxicology." 

Doebereiner  reported  his  results  in  the  study  of  barley  and 
malt  starches.  He  discovered  soluble  starch,  or  dextrin,  and 
noted  many  points  of  differences  between  the  two  varieties. 
(Schweigger's  Journal,  Vol.  8,  p.  207,  1814.) 

The  combination  of  iodine  with  vegetable  and  animal  sub- 
stances is  the  subject  of  a  detailed  studv  bv  Colin  and  de 
Claubry  (An.  Chim.,  Vol.  90,  p.  87,  1814).  They  discovered 
iodized  starch. 

Berzelius,  in  Schweigger's  Journal,  Vol.  8,  p.  317,  1814,  gives 
the  analysis  of  Iceland  moss,  and  reports  on  its  value  as  a 
food. 

In  the  "Philosophical  Transactions,"  for  1814,  p.  74,  Sir 
Humphrey  Davy  relates  "Some  Experiments  and  Observations 
on  a  New  Substance,  which  becomes  a  violet-coloured  Gas  by 
Heat."  This  new  substance,  iodine,  had  been  discovered  only 
a  year  previously,  and  was  the  center  of  attraction  in  the 
chemical  world  at  that  time. 

That  chemists  of  one  hundred  years  ago  also  had  their 
troubles  with  the  apparatus  makers  is  shown  by  a  complaint 


February,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


55 


from  Doebereiner  (Schweigger's  Journal,  Vol.  10,  p.  217,  1814), 
in  which  he  states  that  platinum  crucibles  were  frequently 
met  with  of  poor  quality,  which  blistered  easily  and  soon  wore 
into  holes. 

Pfaff,  one  of  the  many  investigators  who  "almost"  discovered 
quinine,  published  about  this  time  a  memoir  on  "Chinastoff 
und  Chinaharz"  (Ibid.,  p.  265).  He  probably  had  the  impure 
mixed  alkaloids  of  cinchona  in  his  hands,  and  obtained  the 
pure  crystalline  "cinchonin." 


The  Curse  of  the  Retail  Drug  Trade. 


By   OTTO   BAUBENHEIMEK,   PH.G. 

THE  writer  well  remembers  that  some  years  ago,  when 
refined  deodorized  wood  alcohol  was  first  placed  on  the 
market  under  a  fanciful  name,  silver-tongued  salesmen 
were  trying  to  convince  the  pharmacists  throughout  the  coun- 
try that  this  product  was  non-poisonous,  and  was  in  every 
way  equivalent  to  grain  or  ethyl  alcohol,  and  could  be  used 
in  its  place.  As  the  result  of  this  many  druggists  throughout 
the  United  States  were  induced  to  use  this  product  on  account 
of  its  cheapness,  and  as  a  result  many  druggists  had  to  pay 
fines  or  even  go  to  jail. 

Practically  the  same  conditions  have  existed,  and  do  still 
e.xist  ever  since  the  new  chemicals,  the  so-called  coal-tar 
derivatives  have  been  introduced  into  the  United  States.  The 
large  chemical  industry,  especially  that  of  Germany,  has  spent 
thousands,  nay  millions  of  dollars  to  perfect  and  to  introduce 
these  products,  and  for  that  reason  are  charging  a  fair,  and 
in  some  cases,  a  somewhat  fancy  price  for  these  new  chemicals. 
The  process  of  manufacture  is  patented,  and  the  names  of  the 
chemicals  are  trade-marked.  This  serves  as  a  protection  for 
the  manufacturer.  The  little  republic  of  Switzerland  has  a 
patent  law  which  refuses  protection  to  chemicals  and  chemical 
processes,  and  the  result  is  that  most  of  these  chemicals  are 
duplicated  or  imitated  in  that  country,  and  are  distributed  from 
there.  The  United  States  in  particular  seems  to  be  one  of  the 
large  outlets  for  these  products. 

Some  time  ago  the  writer  read  the  following  letter  from  a 
firm  in  Philadelphia :  "Kindly  note  that  we  have  reduced 
prices  on  Givaudan's  chemicals.  Perhaps,  at  times,  you  have 
calls  from  druggists  who  want  chemicals  at  ruinous  low  prices, 
regardless  of  whether  the  goods  are  h-\  or  not.  If  so,  we  have 
some  of  Siegfried's  chemicals  on  hand,  which  we  will  sell 
below  cost.  You,  of  course,  buy  these  at  your  own  risk. 
Any  reasonable  offer  will  not  be  refused  if  you  can  use  same." 
"Gunmen"   Peddlers  Sell  Imitations. 

Just  think  of  such  a  condition  in  medicine,  intended  for  the 
cure  and  relief  of  the  sick!  These  imitation  goods  are  dis- 
tributed by  peddlers  who  deliver  their  fraudulent  wares  to 
druggists  from  hand  satchels.  These  peddlers  are  irresponsible 
men,  who  very  frequently  make  only  one  visit,  who  have  no 
addresses,  who  leave  no  bills,  and  who  cannot  be  held,  nor 
can  they  be  caught.  These  peddlers  are  in  the  same  class  as 
"gunmen,"  many  of  them  being  ex-convicts  who  would  resort 
to  any  means  in  order  to  obtain  money.  These  peddlers  are 
also  the  distributors  of  obscene  rubber  goods  and  instruments, 
the  sale  of  which  is  forbidden  by  law.  They  also  supply 
cocaine  and  morphine  to  habitues,  and  even  to  school  children. 
These  peddlers  buy  and  sell  stolen  goods  and  act  as  fences. 

It  is  a  large,  a  very  large  traffic  that  these  illegitimate 
cheniicals  constitute.  They  are  bought  and  sold  without  any 
guarantee  whatsoever.  The  average  druggists  buy  these  chemi- 
cals at  a  slightly  lower  cost  than  the  genuine  articles.  They 
dispense  same,  and  thereby  violate  the  patent  as  well  as  the 
trade-mark  rights  of  the  manufacturer.  That  the  manufacturer 
has  such  a  right  has  been  demonstrated  on  numerous  occasions, 
when  druggists  have  been  caught  substituting  these  chemicals 
in  place  of  the  genuine  ones,  and  thereby  have  had  a  great 
deal  of  legal  annoyance,  and  even  have  had  to  pay  fines  or 
were  sentenced  to  jail. 

Dispensing  Physicians  Also  to  Blame. 

But  the  druggists  are  not  the  only  guilty  parties,  as  the 
peddler  furthermore  is  in  the  habit  of  supplying  the  dispens- 
ing physician  with  these  articles.  The  dispensing  physician 
has  no  means  of  convincing  himself  of  the  chemical  identity 
of  these  products,  much  less  than  the  druggist,  and  thereby 
runs  a  greater  risk  as  to  the  health  and  welfare  of  his  patients. 


AH  he  knows  is  that  the  goods  bear  a  certain  label;  that  the 
goods  are  cheap,  and  this  is  the  sole  reason  that  prompts  him 
to  buy  them. 

The  infringers  sell  these  imitations  under  their  chemical 
names,  and  the  peddler  claims  that  they  are  identical  with 
the  patented  and  trade-marked  product,  but  frequently,  almost 
invariably,  these  chemicals  are  grossly  adulterated  and  instances 
are  known  that  "aristol"  had  been  adulterated  with  brick  dust, 
"protargol"  substitutes  contained  only  3  to  4%  of  silver, 
instead  of  8.3%,  and  were  strongly  alkaline,  and  tliat  salicylic 
acid  has  been  sold  as  "aspirin,"  and  as  "pyramidon"  a  mix- 
ture of  magnesium  and  sodium  sulphate.  Adulteration  has 
even  gone  so  far  as  to  imitate  the  labels  of  the  genuine  prod- 
uct, so  as  to  require  an  expert  to  tell  the  difference  in  the 
outside  appearance  between  the  imitation  and  the  genuine. 
It  is  also  well  known  that  chemicals  supplied  by  the  irre- 
sponsible peddler  are  generally  short  weight.  It  has  been  re- 
peatedly shown  that  tablets  which  are  sold  by  peddlers  are 
fraudulent.  "Aspirin"  and  "veronal"  tablets,  which  were  said 
to  contain  five  grains,  have  been  found  to  consist  entirely  of 
inert  matter.  A  large  quantity  of  tablets  is  sold  by  peddlers 
which  are  made  from  adulterated  chemicals,  and  it  is  pre- 
dicted that  some  time  or  other  there  will  be  a  large  expose,. 
which  will  be  a  serious  blow  to  pharmacy  and  medicine. 

Oxid  of  Iron  Instead  of  "Salvarsan." 

It  has  even  come  to  my  knowledge  that  vials  bearing  imita- 
tion labels  of  "Salvarsan,"  instead  of  containing  this  wonder- 
ful remedy,  were  filled  with  oxid  of  iron  to  give  it  the  char- 
acteristic color  of  the  genuine  article,  and  this  fraud  was  not 
discovered  until  the  peddler  selling  this  counterfeit  article  had: 
left  town  to  continue  his  criminal  activities  in  another  com- 
munity. 

The  dangerous  practice  indulged  in  by  so  many  druggists, 
as  well  as  dispensing  physicians  all  over  the  United  States, 
of  purchasing  supplies  from  peddlers,  is  one  of  the  most 
serious  menaces  to  the  health  and  life  of  every  community. 
How  dangerous  this  practice  is  has  been  well  demonstrated  in 
a  recent  case,  when  a  substitute  for  a  chemical  which  was- 
intended  as  eye  drops  resulted  in  the  loss  of  the  patient's  eye, 
and  in  the  recovery  of  heavy  damages  from  the  substituting: 
druggist. 

Just  now  I  received  a  circular  from  A.  C.  Smith,  Windsor, 
Ontario,  Canada,  one  of  the  veteran  dealers  in  this  class  of 
goods,  which  circular,  in  fact,  prompted  me  to  write  this 
article.  I  would  ask  you  to  read  carefully  the  following; 
sentence  taken   from   it : 

"You  are  taking  an  awful  chance  buying  elsewhere; 
it  is  a  crime  to  buy  rank  imitations  and  short -weight 
tablets  peddled  by  every  Tom,  Dick  and  Harry,  whose 
sole  desire  is  to  get  all  the  profit  possible  irrespective 
of  quality.      You  owe  it  to  yourself  and  customers  to 
buy   these   chemicals   only   from    a    reliable   source.      I 
positively   cannot   recommend   anyone   to  you.     I   am 
retiring   from   business   with   a   clean   slate — honorable. 
No  man  will  ever  find  me  ungrateful  or  dishonorable." 
Could  there  be  better  proof  than  these  statements,  made  by 
a  man  who  knows  the  truth  of  the  nefarious  dealings  of  these- 
peddlers?      How    humiliating    for   us    druggists    that    we    must 
allow   ourselves   to   be    advised    by   that   man   not   to   take   any 
chances  in  buying  goods  from  his  competitors. 

Retail  druggists  as  well  as  physicians  should  take  pride  in 
their  honorable  calling,  and  in  this  profession,  and  should  not 
buy  their  supplies  from  irresponsible  parties.  This,  in  rny 
opinion,  is  the  curse  of  the  retail  drug  trade  of  today,  and  the 
sooner  this  is  abolished,  the  better  it  will  be  for  professional' 
pharmacy. 

We  pride  ourselves  upon  our  high  state  of  civilization,  but 
I  doubt  whether  conditions  in  this  particular  are  anywhere  as 
bad  as  in  the  United  States;  not  in  the  darkest  part  of  Mexico 
would  it  be  possible  for  peddlers  to  sell  medicines,  and  nO' 
druggist  could  be  found  who  would  stoop  so  low  as  to  buy- 
supplies  from  notorious  criminals. 


Celluloid   Varnish. 

Celluloid  chips   5  ounces 

Ether     1   pound 

Acetone    1  pound 

Amyl  acetate    1  pound 

Mix  and  dissolve. 


56 


THE    PHAR]\IACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


Liniment  for  Sheumatism  and  Sprains. 

Camphor    ;  j  ounce 

Chloroform    y^  ounce 

Tincture   of   arnica 2  drams 

Tincture  of  aconite 1  dram 

Tincture   of   opium 2  drams 

Oil   of   wintergrecn }4  dram 

Soap  liniment,  enough  to  make 4  ounces 

yVa.  Apply  as  often  as  necessary  and  cover  with  flannel  or 
oiled  silk. 

Niemann's  Sultana  Ointment. 

Spermaceti    S  parts 

Cacao  butter   16  parts 

Oil  of  sweet  almond 32  parts 

Balsam   of  Peru 1  part 

Melt  together  and  add — 

Orange-flower  water    1  part 

Stir  constantly  until  cold. 

Hinkle's  Voice  Lozenges. 

Cubebs,    pondered 50  grains 

Benzoic  acid 2i  grains 

Tragaranth,    powdered 25  grains 

Extract  of  licorice 500  grains 

Sugar  1300  grains 

Eucalyptol    '. 25  minims 

Oil  of  anise 5  minims 

Black  currant  paste,  enough  to  make.. 2000  grains 
Mix  and  make   into   100   lozenges.     \   small   piece  may  be 
made  to  dissolve   in  the  mouth  just   before   any  considerable 
vocal  exercise.     Recommended  for  singers  and  speakers. 

Eucalyptus  Embrocation. 

Oil  of  eucaI>-ptU3   1  ounce 

Lard  oil   1  ounce 

Cottonseed  oil  1  ounce 

Oil  of  turpentine 3  ounces 

.\mmonia   water    5  ounces 

Oleic  acid    %  ounce 

Mix  the  acid  and  the  lard  and  cottonseed  oil.     Then  add 

the  turpentine  and  ammonia  and  shake,  lastly  adding  the  oil 

of  eucalyptus. 

Salol    Dentifrice. 

Salol    3^  drams 

Saccharin   12  grains 

Sodium  bicarbonate  10  grains 

Water    i/^  ounce 

Oil  of  peppermint    1  dram 

Oil  of  anise  5  minims 

Oil  of  fennel   5  minims 

Oil  of  cloves   2  minims 

Oil  of  cinnamon  1   minim 

Rectified  spirit,  enough  to  make 6  ounces 

Dissolve  the  saccharin  and  sodium  bicarbonate  in  the  water, 

mix  all  the  rest  of  the  ingredients  with  the  alcohol ;   dissolve, 

add  the  saccharin  solution,  tint  with  cochineal  and  filter. 

Paraffin  Rouge. 

Hard   paraffin 1  ounce 

Soft    paraffin ^ V/z  ounces 

Eosin   in   powder 1  dram 

Essential  oil  of  almond 5  drops 

Melt  the  paraffin  on  a  water  bath  and  digest  witii  the  eosin 
for  30  minutes,  stirring  occasionally;  filter  through  paper  (using 
a  hot  funnel)  to  remove  excess  of  dye.  When  nearly  cool  add 
the  essential  oil. 

Directions:  -Apply  with  the  finger  tip,  gently  rubbing  until 
the  desired  tint  is  produced.  Allow  to  remain  a  few  minutes, 
then  dust  with  starch  and  remove  surplus  grease  with  a  cloth. 
This  dyes  the  skin  and  is  not  affected  by  perspiration. 

Ear  Drops. 

Tannic  acid , 30  grains 

Tincture  of  opium 2  fl.  drams 

Glycerin   6  fl.  drams 

Mix. 


Nail   Powder. 

(1) 

Oleate   of   tin 2  ounces 

Powdered    pumice    stone 1  ounce 

Oil   of   lavender 5  drops 

Mix  and  pass  through  a  fine  sieve. 

(2) 

Cinnabar    1  ounce 

Powdered   emery    1  otmce 

Oil  of  bitter  almonds 2  drops 

Mix  and  sift. 

Antiseptic  Soothing  Cream. 

Carbolic  acid    10  grains 

Camphor     10  grains 

Anhydrous   woolfat    4  drams 

Soft  paraffin    12  drams 

Cacao  butter   2  drams 

Melt  the  cacao  butter  and  lanolin,  and  when  cooling,  but 
still  transparent,  add  the  camphor  and  carbolic  acid,  which 
have  been  previously  liquefied  by  rubbing  together. 

Dandruff  Pomade. 

Salicylic   acid    20  grains 

Chloral   hydrate    10  grains 

Oil   of   eucalyptus 5  drops 

Zinc    ointment    Y2  ounce 

Cold  cream   Yz  otmce 

Mix  well. 

Paper  Barometers. 
Paper  or  fabric  immersed  in  one  of  the  following  solutions, 
according  to  the  Chemist  and  Druggist,  changes  color  accord- 
ing to  the  humidity  of  the  weather: 

(1) 

Cobalt    chloride 1  part 

Gelatin    10  parts 

Water    100  parts 

The  normal  color  is  pink ;  this  changes  to  violet  and  blue,  the 
latter  being  the  indication  of  verj'  dry  weather. 

(2) 

Cobalt  chloride   1  part 

Gelatin    20  parts 

Nickel    chloride     75  parts 

Cupric    chloride 25  parts 

Water    200  parts 

The  color  is  green  in  dry  weather. 

(3) 

Cupric    chloride 1  part 

Gelatin    10  parts 

Water    100  parts 

The  color  is  yellow  in  dry  weather. 

Sealing  Wax  Insoluble  in  Alcohol. 

Beeswax,  yellow   5  parts 

Carnauba   wax    1  part 

Paraffin    1  part 

Melt  together  and  mix  with — 

Red    lead    5  parts 

Prepared  chalk    2  parts 

Heat  the  mixture  under  constant  stirring  until  it  thickens. 

For  Cleaning  Playing  Cards. 
Bring  to  a  boil  one  liter  of  water  to  which  has  been  added 
20  grams  of  soap  bark.  Continue  ebullition  for  a  few  moments, 
then  add  15  grams  of  starch,  and  the  same  quantity  of  borax, 
stirred  up  in  a  little  water.  Boil  the  mixture  for  about  10 
minutes,  then  cool,  filter,  and  preserve  in  a  stoppered  bottle. 
For  use,  rub  the  soiled  surfaces  of  the  cards  lightly  with  a 
sponge  saturated  with  the  mixture. 

Paint    for   Renovating   Linoleum. 

Yellow  wax   5  ounces 

Turpentine    11  ounces 

Varnish   5  ounces 

Mix  at  a  gentle  heat.  Wash  the  linoleum  first  with  soap 
and  water,  and  when  dry,  apply  the  above  with  a  woolen  rag. 


Februakt,  1914] 


THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


57 


NEWS  FROM  EUROPEAN  LABORATORIES. 


Some    New   Tests   for   Impurities   in    Tragacanth    and 

Bismuth.    Salts — Decomposition    of    Spirit    Nitrous 

Ether — Distinguishing-     Artificial     and     Natural 

Vaseline — Liquid    Paraffin    in    Surgery. 

AMONG  the  analytical  notes  presented  this  month  are  two 
simple  processes  for  detecting  the  presence  of  lead  in 
bismuth  salts,  and  gum  arabic  in  tragacanth.  An  ex- 
tended examination  of  spirit  of  ethyl  nitrite  shows  that  with 
ordinary  care  this  solution  does  not  deteriorate  at  such  a  rapid 
rate  as  has  been  alleged  in  many  cases  of  drug  seizures. 
Caviblenes,  a  new  form  of  urethral  bougie,  are  described,  and 
their  advantages  pointed  out.  Some  recent  work  by  Stapf 
appears  to  settle  the  question  of  the  source  of  Lignum  Neph- 
riticum,  discussed  in  this  department  some  months  ago.  A 
physician  serving  during  the  Balkan  war  reports  excellent  re- 
sults with  liquid  paraffin  as  a  surgical  dressing.  Bourquelot 
and  his  colleagues  are  continuing  their  researches  into  the  bio- 
synthesis of  glucosides,  having  recently  succeeded  in  coupling 
the  diacid  alcohol  glycol  with  glucose.  An  interesting  case  of 
inorganic  isomerism  is  found  in  sodium  acetate,  and  the  new 
isomer  seems  to  be  of  greater  value  in  acetylization  work  on 
oils  than  the  old  anhydrous  form. 

Decomposition  of  Ethyl  Nitrite — 

The  plea  of  defence  in  prosecutions  for  selling  spirit  of 
nitrous  ether  which  is  below  strength  is  generally  the  un- 
avoidable decomposition  of  the  solution  on  keeping.  In  order 
to  determine  whether  this  plea  is  justified,  Hodgson  and  Bailey 
examined  a  number  of  solutions  of  ethyl'  nitrite  at  various 
intervals.  The  samples  were  kept  in  8-ounce  brown,  glass- 
stoppered  bottles.  From  one  bottle  the  stopper  was  removed 
and  a  portion  taken  for  analysis.  This  was  repeated  every  24 
hours.  After  15  days  the  solution  was  devoid  of  ethyl  nitrite. 
(The  stopper  apparently  remained  out  of  the  bottle  during 
this  test.  Abstr. )  ."Another  bottle  was  kept  closely  stoppered, 
being  opened  only  long  enough  to  remove  the  sample  for 
analysis.  At  first  the  test  was  made  every  week,  and  later  on, 
every  month.  Ordinary  room  temperatures  prevailed.  After 
one  year  the  strength  w-as  reduced  to  50  per  cent.  It  is  con- 
cluded that  the  usual  defence  should  not  be  allowed  if  the 
deficiency  exceeds  25  per  cent.,  since  the  spirit  is  bought  in 
small  quantities  and  quickly  moved.  (Pharm.  J.,  1914,  p.  28.) 
Caviblenes,  New  Form  of  Bougie — 

The  author  has  devised  a  new  form  of  hollow  urethral 
bougie  for  the  application  of  drugs  to  the  urethral  canal  or 
to  other  cavities.  It  consists  of  a  hollow  sheath  with  thin, 
resistant,  closely  contiguous  walls,  which  melt  when  introduced 
into  the  body.  The  inner  cavity  is  filled  with  the  drug,  and 
the  caviblene  is  then  inserted  in  the  same  manner  as  a  rubber 
sound,  and  left  in  situ  until  it  melts,  and  the  active  ingredient 
comes  in  contact  with  the  surface  it  is  desired  to  treat.  Either 
powders,  liquids,  or  ointments  may  be  administered  in  this 
way.  It  is  especially  convenient  for  use  with  highly  colored 
remedies.  Uranoblene  is  such  a  preparation  consisting  of 
sodium  fluorescein,  or  uranin,  with  silver.  Its  solutions  are 
highly  fluorescent  and  of  a  bright  yellow  color.  Although  it 
is  a  powerful  germicide,  especially  for  gonococcus,  and  is  non- 
irritant,  its  staining  properties  render  it  inconvenient  for  use 
by  the  ordinary  method  of  injection.  Caviblenes  of  various 
shapes  and  sizes  are  on  the  market.  (Bruck,  Pharm.  Ztg., 
1913,  p.  874;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
New  Culture  Medium  for  Bacteria — 

This  new  medium,  devised  by  Besredka  and  Jufille,  is  cheap, 
but  at  first  somewhat  difficult  to  prepare  properly.  It  is  com- 
posed of  incoagulable  egg  albumen,  incoagulable  egg  yolk,  and 
beef  broth,  in  the  proportions  of  4  :  1  :  5.  The  albumen 
may  be  omitted  %vhen  the  tubercle  bacillus  is  to  be  cultivated. 
It  is  claimed  that  by  this  medium  the  human  and  bovine  types 
of  bacillus  can  be  differentiated,  and  a  very  active  tuberculin 
prepared.  Cultures  of  the  pneumococcus  in  this  medium  con- 
serve their  vitality  for  several  months;  the  meningococcus — 
usually    a    very    delicate    organism — retains    its    vitality    for    at 


least  two  months;  and  a  still  more  delicate  organism,  the 
gonococcus,  not  only  gives  good  grow-ths  within  24  hours,  but 
subcultivates  on  other  media  after  a  stay  of  20  days  in  the 
new  medium.  The  bacillus  of  whooping  cough  gives  abundant 
cultures,  and  the  organisms  survive  for  at  least  four  months 
in  the  incubator;  and  it  is  striking  that  several  organisms 
which  can  only  be  grown  in  other  media  under  strictly  anaero- 
bic conditions,  grow  and  flourish  in  this  medium  in  the  pres- 
ence of  oxygen.  (Brit.  Med.  J.,  1914,  p.  45;  through 
Pharm.  J.) 

Artificial   and  Natural  Vaseline — 

According  to  the  German  Pharmacopoeia,  artificial  vaseline 
is  prepared  by  mixing  3  parts  of  vaseline  oil,  containing  1.6 
per  cent,  of  paraffin,  with  1  part  of  ceresin  with  a  melting 
point  of  60-62°.  To  distinguish  this  mixture  from  the  true 
proprietary  vaseline,  dissolve  1  or  2  g.  of  sample  in  40  cc.  of 
propyl  acetate,  cool  to  — 20°,  filter  off  the  precipitate  at  the 
same  temperature,  wash  with  80  cc.  of  propyl  acetate,  dissolve 
with  benzene  in  a  dish,  evaporate,  and  weigh.  The  paraffin 
content  of  natural  vaseline  is  from  24.4  to  26.8  per  cent., 
while  that  of  the  artificial  is  from  22.5  to  23.1.  The  difference 
is  not  great,  but  the  composition  of  the  precipitates  differs 
considerably.  If  the  precipitate  from  artificial  vaseline,  which 
is  hard,  is  boiled  out  with  alcohol,  and  the  liquid  decanted, 
the  residue,  on  account  of  the  removal  of  the  lower-melting 
paraffins,  is  still  harder  and  colorless.  The  paraffin  thrown 
down  from  natural  vaseline  is  yellow,  and  is  not  decolorized 
by  long  continued  treatment  with  alcohol,  a  soft,  yellowish 
residue  remaining.     (Kantorowicz,   Chem.   Ztg.,   1913,   p.   1565.) 

Patchouli  Oil — 

Since  about  six  months  striking  variations  in  the  properties 
of  patchouli  oil  have  been  noticed.  While  previous  years  have 
shown  oils  with  sp.  grs.  above  0.97,  rotations  of  more  than 
— 60°,  and  solubility  in  every  proportion  of  90  per  cent, 
alcohol,  the  later  oils  have  sp.  grs.  of  about  0.95-0.96,  lower 
rotation — as  low  as  — 42° — and  a  solubility  in  6  parts  of  90 
per  cent,  alcohol,  in  many  cases.  Two  very  abnormal  oils 
showed  sp.  grs.  of  0.935  and  0.937,  rotations  of  — 9°  and 
— 34°,  and  solubility  in  4-5  volumes  of  alcohol.  The  odor,  on 
the  other  hand,  was  extraordinarily  fine  and  intense.  By 
varying  the  method  of  distilling  the  patchouli  herb,  the  yield 
of  oil  was  changed,  but  not  its  constants.  The  herb  was  proved 
to  be  unadulterated,  .\pparently  the  cause  is  to  be  sought  in 
unusual  weather  conditions  during  growth  or  harvesting. 
(Lehmann,  Chem.  Ztg.,  1913,  p.  1589.) 
Isomeric   Form  of   Sodium  Acetate — 

The  authors  confirm  the  statements  of  Miller  and  Green, 
that  the  anhydrous  salt  and  not  a  lower  hydrate  is  formed  on 
heating  the  sodium  acetate  trihydrate  above  58°,  or  by  cooling 
the  molten  trihydrate.  This  salt  is  also  obtained  by  dehydrat- 
ing the  trihydrate  at  low  temperatures,  and  is  not  identical 
with  the  anhydrous  salt  obtained  by  dehydrating  at  over  200°, 
or  by  melting  the  anhydrous  salt  and  allowing  it  to  cool. 
Sodium  acetate  I,  stable  above  198°,  is  probably  monoclinic. 
Sodium  acetate  II,  stable  below  198°,  is  rhombic.  Owing  to 
the  slowness  of  the  change,  the  form  I  can  be  preserved  for 
a  long  time  at  the  ordinary  temperature.  The  transition  from 
trihydrate  to  the  form  II  takes  place  at  58.2°.  On  crystallizing 
from  boiling  absolute  alcohol,  the  form  II  separates,  whether 
I  or  II  has  been  dissolved.  The  new  form  II  is  a  much 
better  condensing  agent  and  takes  up  water  more  readily  than 
I,  so  that  when  sodium  acetate  is  required  for  use  in  organic 
preparations,  it  is  better  not  to  fuse  the  anhydrous  salt  as  is 
usually  recommended,  but  to  dehydrate  at  120°.  (Vorlander 
and  Nolte,  Ber.,  1913,  p.  3199;  through  J.  Soc.  Chem.  Ind.) 
Gum  Arabic  in  Tragacanth — 

Only  traces  of  gum  tragacanth  dissolve  in  an  ammoniacal 
solution  of  copper  oxide,  whereas  gum  arabic  and  similar  gums 
dissolve  practically  completely.  By  utilizing  this  fact  and 
carrying  out  at  the  same  time  a  control  test  with  tragacanth 
gum  of  known  purity,  the  proportion  of  gum  arabic  in  an 
adulterated  sample  of  tragacanth  can  be  determined.  Tests 
with  mi.xtures  containing  30  and  20  per  cent,  respectively  of 


58 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


icnfgal  and  Kordofaii  gums  gave  results  accurate  to_  withjn 
1  to  2  p«r  cent.    Two  commercial  specimens  of  gum  tragacanth 

li    to   contain    40   to   50   per   cent,   ot    gum   arabic. 

oth.  Z«g.,  1913,  p.  787;  through  J.  Soc.  Chem.  Ind.) 

-  recess  tor  Senieotinizin^  Tobacco^ 

1  he  lohacco  is  placed  in  a  vc^ise)  \!nder  reduced  pressure  and 
■  '  nia  gas.     .After  the  e.\cess 

ins  of  an  exhaust  pump, 

-  ■■•    •'  ■■ ..^   1^.  vA.i.n   ,1  c      icotine.     The  ether  is  now 

drawn  off.  treated  with  a  metallic  salt,  such  as  ferrous  sul- 
phate, to  precipitate  the  nicotine,  and  then,  while  still  charged 
w.ih  other  extractives,  is  employed  for  the  extraction  of  fresh 
charges  of  tobacco.  The  ether  still  remaining  in  the  tobacco 
is  removed  by  e.xhausting  the  vapors  from  the  vessel,  and  pass- 
ing them  through  a  condenser.  The  tobacco  is  finally  heated 
lor  4S  hours  at  30-35°,  in  order  to  decompose  ammonium  salts 
present,  and  the  ammonia  thus  liberated  is  recovered.  (French 
Patent  456,8-40,  Soc.  La  Denicotina;  J.  Soc.  Chem.  Ind.,  191J, 
p.  10S6.) 

Beactions  of  Digritoxin — 

Pure  crvstallized  digito.xin  was  used  for  the  tests.  The 
■crystalline  form  is  sufficiently  apparent,  and  the  color  is  snow- 
white.  It  is  insoluble  in  water,  but  soluble  in  alcohol,  and 
most  easily  dissolved  by  chloroform.  In  cold  sulphuric  acid 
digitoxjn  remains  apparently  unchanged  for  days.  Gradually, 
however,  the  crystals  increase  in  size,  and  appear  black  when 
held  against  a  white  ground.  This  black  appearance  is  quite 
characteristic  of  digitoxin,  and  is  caused  by  minute  air  bubbles. 
The  substance  is  easily  soluble  in  glacial  acetic  acid.  Twenty- 
five  per  cent,  nitric  acid  causes  no  co'or  formation,  but  the 
addition  of  potassium  hydroxide  brings  out  a  pale  yellowish 
red,  not  very  characteristic.  Chromic  acid  and  molybdic  acid 
give  quite  characteristic  reactions.  If  a  little  digitoxin  is 
treated  on  a  slide  with  ammonium  molybdate  or  potassium 
dichromate,  and  water,  there  is  no  change,  and  added  acetic 
acid  has  no  effect.  But  on  the  addition  of  sulphuric  acid, 
solution  takes  place  in  a  few  hours,  although  no  color  reaction 
takes  place  after  five  days  in  the  cold.  If  the  test  is  slightly 
warmed,  however,  the  molybdate  slide  becomes  a  beauti'ul  sky 
blue,  while  the  chromic  acid  mLxture  changes  to  a  nickel  green. 
\'anadic  acid  used  in  the  same  manner  gives  a  yellow  color, 
due  to  the  metavanadate,  but  no  reduction  takes  place  with 
digitoxin.  Sodium  iodate  with  sulphuric  acid  gives  no  color. 
Of  the  greatest  importance  are  the  reactions  with  ferrocyanides 
.and  ferricyanides.  When  treated  with  yellow  or  red  prussiate 
of  potash  and  water  digitoxin  gives  a  precipitate  of  the  cor- 
responding salt.  On  allowing  the  mass  to  dry  in  the  air,  and 
adding  acetic  acid,  the  ferricyanide  gives  long  needles.  After 
standing  for  12  hours,  the  addition  of  sulphuric  acid  causes 
an  intense  blue  with  the  ferri  salt,  and  a  gradual  change  to 
sky  blue  with  the  ferro  salt.  Other  tests  of  v^lue  are  carried 
out  with  tungstic  acid,  mercury  sa!ts,  silver  nitrate,  and  hydro- 
chloric acid,  and  cobalt  nitrate.  (Reichard,  Pharm.  Zentral- 
halle,  1913,  p.  687.) 

Tncompatibility  Due  to  Glass  Alkalinity — 

If  sodium  phosphate  is  present  in  solutions  intended  for  in- 
jections, and  put  up  in  sterilized  ampules,  the  quality  of  the 
^lass  must  be  considered,  .\mpules  heated  for  20  minutes  at 
120°  with  water  containing  phenolphthalein,  should  show  no 
pink  color.  .\  solution  containing  sodium  glycerophosphate, 
sodium  cacodylate,  and  strychnine  sulphate  formed  crystals, 
which  consisted  of  strychnine  alkaloid.  (Malvert,  J.  Pharm. 
Chim.,  1913,  p.  54.) 
Alpha-Glucoside  of  Glycol — 

By  the  action  of  a  maceration  of  bottom  yeast  on  a  mixture 
•of  glycol  and  glucose,  Bourquelot  and  Bridel  have  synthesized 
a  glucoside  of  the  bivalent  alcohol,  as  shown  by  the  change  in 
optical  rotation  of  the  solution,  although  the  glucoside  itself 
has  not  been  isolated.  The  reaction  has  its  maximum  effect 
in  solutions  containing  between  50  and  60  per  cent,  of  glycol. 
Above  these  figures  the  combination  of  the  alcohol  and  glucose 
falls  off  rapidly,  and  becomes  zero  in  75  per  cent,  glycol. 
This  effect  is  unlike  the  reaction  between  glucose  and  glycerol, 
where  the  combination  goes  on  to  a  greater  extent  with  in- 
creasing strengths  of  glycerol,  up  to  at  least  94  per  cent.  In 
another  article,  one  of  Bourquelot's  students  gives  the  optimum 
e.xperimental  conditions  for  making  ethyl-glucoside  in  large 
quantities.  In  any  number  of  15  liter  flasks  place  4.5  kg.  of 
glucose,  50  g.  of  emulsin.  and  10  liters  of  90  per  cent,  alcohol. 
Shake  and  maintain  at  30°  for  a  month.     Decant  the  alcohol. 


replace  by  a  new  quantity  of  10  liters,  allow  to  stand  for 
another  month,  and  repeat  the  process.  In  this  manner 'at 
least  1  kg.  of  beta-ethyl-glucoside  can  be  obtained  from  each 
bottle  in  a  month.  The  energy  of  the  ferment  is,  impaired 
only  slightly  by  its  long  immersibn  in  alcohol.  The  only 
difficult  point  in  connection  with  the  operation  is  obtaining 
the  ferment.  (Bourquelot  and  Bridel,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  191.-. 
p.  547;  Coirre,  ibid.,  p.  553.) 

Detection  of  Lead  in  Bismuth  Salts — 

.Advantage  is  taken  of  the  fact  that  a  boiling  solution  of 
ammonium  nitrate  will  remove  any  lead  present  in  the  sub- 
nitrate  or  carbonate  of  bismuth,  without  dissolving  even  a 
trace  of  the  latter.  In  the  case  of  the  subnitrate,  10  g.  are 
boiled  for  3  minutes  in  50  cc.  of  a  I  :  20  solution  of  ammonium 
nitrate.  .After  allowing  the  liquid  to  become  quite  cold,  it  is 
filtered,  and  a  few  drops  of  a  neutral  solution  of  potassium 
chromatc  are  added.  In  the  presence  of  a  trace  of  lead  the 
well-known  chrome  yellow  appear^.  \^'ith  the  subcarbonate, 
treat  10  g.  with  100  cc.  of  the  ammonium  nitrate  solution, 
boil  down  to  30  or  40  cc,  then  evaporate  to  dryness  on  the 
water  bath.  Treat  the  dry  residue  with  100  cc.  of  dis- 
tilled water,  stir  well,  and  evaporate  to  40  cc.  over  a 
naked  flame.  When  cold,  this  solution  is  filtered  and  tested 
with  potassium  chromate  solution.  The  reason  for  the  pro- 
longed heating  in  this  case  is  to  absolutely  eliminate  the  am- 
monium carbonate  formed  in  the  reaction,  since  the  presence 
of  this  salt  in  the  filtrate  would  prevent  the  precipitation  of 
the  lead  chromate.  (J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1913,  p.  422;  through 
Pharm.   J.) 

Disinfectant  Action  of  Solargyl — 

The  silver-albumin  preparations  used  thus  far  in  the  treat- 
ment of  acute  gonorrhoea  have  a  number  of  defects,  among 
them  being  the  ease  of  decomposition,  lack  of  solubility  in 
water,  and  slight  stability  in  solution.  .A  new  preparation, 
solargyl,  is  said  to  overcome  these  difficulties.  It  contains  30 
per  cent,  of  silver,  being  a  combination  of  silver  oxide  and 
proteoses.  Solargyl  has  a  strong  disinfectant  action  on  re- 
sistent  bacilli,  as  staphylococcus,  coli,  and  pyocyaneus.  In 
this  regard  solargyl  with  30  per  cent,  of  silver  approaches 
collargol,  with  76  per  cent.  The  solutions  are  not  decomposed 
by  boiling,  and  can  therefore  be  sterilized;  they  are  neutral, 
and  stable  for  long  periods.  (Gliicksmarui  and  Gobbi,  Munch. 
Med.  Wochschr.,  1913.  p.  27S8.) 

Antiseptic  Constituents  of  Creosote — 

The  question  of  what  constituents  of  creosote  have  the  most 
powerful  antiseptic  action  is  not  yet  cleared  up,  in  spite  of  the 
efforts  of  many  investigators.  Charitschkoff  has  studied  the 
problem  in  the  following  manner.  The  phenolic  and  acid 
constituents  were  removed  by  alkali,  and  the  nitrogen  bases 
separated  by  acids;  naphthalene  and  other  unsaturated  bodies 
were  removed  by  sulphuric  acid.  The  phenol-free  creosote  was 
almost  as  strong'y  antiseptic  as  crude  creosote,  and  the  same 
is  true  of  creosote  from  which  the  bases  have  been  removed. 
After  treatment  with  sulphuric  acid  the  substance  is  highly 
active.  The  phenols  themselves,  as  well  as  the  bases,  have  an 
antiseptic  action  like  creosote.  Probably  the  cause  of  the 
action  is  not  only  the  substances  named,  which  are  contained 
ready  formed  in  creosote,  but  also  those  which  result  from  the 
oxidation  of  the  unsaturated  compounds.  (Charitschkoff, 
Chem.  Ztg.,  1913,  p.  1464.) 

Liquid  Paraffin  as  Wound  Dressing — 

During  the  Balkan  war  920  cases  of  wounds  vsere  dressed 
with  liquid  paraffin.  In  nearly  every  case  the  wounds  healed 
over  in  a  remarkably  short  time;  even  gaping  wounds  with 
exposed  bones  healed  at  once.  The  oil,  in  fact,  is  recom- 
mended as  a  dressing  for  sores  of  all  kinds,  and  where  there 
is  severe  suppuration  the  addition  of  2  per  cent,  of  iodoform 
improves  matters.  ( Chrysospatches,  Zentrallbl.  Chir.,  1913, 
Xov.  S;  through  Pharm.  J.) 

Genisteine,  a  New  Alkaloid — 

.At  the  meeting  of  the  Society  of  Pharmacy  at  Paris,  held 
December  3,  1913,  \'aleur  described  a  new  crystalline,  volatile, 
saturated  base,  isolated  from  commercial  sparteine.  It  has  the 
formula  CjcHaNi,  melts  at  60.5°,  and  boils  at  177-178°  under 
22  mm.  pressure.  It  forms  a  hydrate  with  water,  melting  at 
117°.  Genisteine  acts  like  a  monobasic  acid  toward  phenol- 
phthalein, yet  is  a  diacid  base,  as  shown  by  the  formulas  of  the 
picrate  and  platino-chloride.    (J.  Pharm.  Chim..  1913.  p.  573.) 


Pebrcaky,  191-4] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


59 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANOX\'MOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department  from   non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if   not    out    of   print,    may    be   obtained   for   25    cents   each. 


TTs8  of  the  Words  "Cold  Cream." 
(J.W.C.) — "Kindly  enlighten  me  on  a  question  that  has 
:  een  raised  on  the  use  of  the  words  'cold  cream.'  A  druggist 
makes  a  "greaseless  cream'  and  calls  it  'grease  ess  cold  cream.' 
I  claim  that  his  product  cannot  be  'cold  cream'  if  it  is  'grease- 
less,'  and  that  'Unguentum  -Aquae  Rosae,'  U.S. P.,  is  the  oijly 
cold  cream.  He  claims  that  any  cream  can  be  called  'cold 
cream.'  .Any  information  on  the  subject  will  be  highly  appre- 
ciated." 

.As  the  words  "cold  cream "  are  no  longer  used  by  the  Phar- 
macopoeia as  an  official  synonym  for  ointment  of  rose  water 
there  is  nothing  in  the  law  or  common  usage  of  language  that 
will  prohibit  one  from  applying  these  words  to  any  preparation 
of  "cream"  he  may  wish.  The  principle  of  the  law  as  to  the 
use  of  names  is  set  forth  in  No.  7  of  the  Regulations  for  the 
•enforcement  of  the  Federal  Food  and  Drugs  -Act,  as  follows: 
(a)  ".A  drug  bearing  a  name  recognized  in  the  United  States 
Pharmacopoeia  or  National  Formulary,  without  any  further 
-statement  respecting  its  character,  shall  be  required  to  con- 
form in  strength,  quality,  and  purity  to  the  standards  pre- 
scribed or  indicated  for  a  drug  of  the  same  .name  recognized 
in  the  U.S. P.  or  N.F.,  official  at  the  time."  -As  "cold  cream" 
is  not  recognized  by  either  of  the  authorities  named,  there  is 
no  standard  for  the  preparation  e.xcept  that  which  each  manu- 
facturer may  elect.  In  former  editions  of  the  U.S. P.  "cold 
cream'  was  an  official  sj-nonym  for  ointment  of  rose  water, 
but.  as  stated  above,  the  name  does  not  appear  in  the  present 
revision.  The  dismissal  of  the  synonym  became  necessary 
because  of  the  large  number  of  unofficial  ointments  of  varying 
cromposition  popularly  exploited  as  cold  cream,  and  these  were 
frequently  dispensed  when  physicians'  prescriptions  directed 
ointment  of  rose  water. 


Resilvering-  Mirrors. 

(J.S.H.) — We  have  repeatedly  published  formulas  for  re- 
silvering  mirrors,  and  if  you  care  to  take  the  trouble  to  go  over 
the  files  of  The  Ph.\rm.\ceutic.u,  Er.\  covering  the  last  three 
•or  four  years,  you  will  find  a  number  of  processes  outlined. 

However,  to  help  you  out,  we  would  state  that  as  mirrors 
are  mcde  by  backing  the  glass  with  a  fi  m  of  silver  or  with  an 
amalgam  of  mercury,  the  character  of  the  "resilvering"  process 
must  be  selected  accord.'ngly.  But  whatever  method  is  em- 
ployed, great  stress  is  laid  on  the  absolute  cleanliness  of  tlie 
•glass,  not  only  from  dirt  and  grease,  but  also  freedom  from 
any  organic  matter.  In  fact,  herein  lies  the  success  of  any 
luethod  emp'oyed  for  this  purpose.  The  following  formula  has 
been  recommended  as  answering  most  of  the  requirements: 
^lake  three  solutions,  as  follows: 

(1) 

Silver   nitrate    200  grains 

Stronger    ammonia    water q.s. 

Distilled  water   q.s. 

.Alcohol    1,  fi.  ounce 

Dissolve  the  silver  nitrate  in  6  fl.  ounces  of  distilled  water, 
and  gradually  add  the  ammonia  water  until  the  precipitate  first 
formed  is  dissolved — no  more.  Any  excess  of  ammonia  must 
be  guarded  against.  Then  filter  through  a  double  filter  paper, 
adding  distilled  water  to  make  12  ounces;  then  add  the  alcohol. 
Place  in  a  clean  bottle,  shake  thoroughly  and  keep  in  a  cool, 
dark  place. 

(2) 

Rochelle  salt 12  grains 

Silver   nitrate    16  grains 


Distilled    water    qs. 

.Alcohol    1  fl.  ounce 

Dissolve  the  Roclielle  salt  in  S  ounces  of  distilled  water  in 
a  porcelain  dish,  and  boil.  While  boiling,  add  gradually  the 
silver  nitrate  dissolved  in  1  ounce  of  distilled  water.  Con- 
tinue to  boil  until  the  solution  begins  to  turn  gray;  add  6 
ounces  of  distiJed  water  and  filter,  making  up  to  12  fl.  ounces 
with  distilled  water.  Add  the  alcohol  and  bottle,  keeping  the 
solution  in  a  cool,  dark  place.  .Allow  both  of  these  solutions 
to  stand  five  or  six  hours  before  using. 

ilix  equal  parts  of  the  above  solutions  and  pour  the  mix- 
ture on  the  glass  until  covered.  .Allow  to  stand  for  one  hour 
or  more;  pour  off  the  solution,  rinse  with  clear  water,  and 
belore  drying,  amalgamate  with  the   following  solution : 

(3) 

Potassium    cyanide    8  grains 

ilercury    cyanide     16  grains 

Water     q.s. 

Dissolve  the  salts  separately  in  8  ounces  of  water  and  add 
to  distilled  water  to  make  1  gallon.  Place  this  solution  in  a 
sprinkler,  and  sprinkle  the  silver  film  on  the  glass  until  it 
turns  a  lead  color;  then  rinse  immediately  and  stand  the  glass 
on  end  to  dry.  Paint  over  the  deposited  film  with  asphaltum 
varnish,  using  a  soft  brush.  The  silver  coating  must  not  be 
touched  before  it  is  painted. 

A  varnish  for  the  backs  of  silvered  mirrors  consists  of 
dammar  gum,  20  parts;  asphalt,  3  parts;  gutta-percha,  3  parts; 
benzole,  75  parts.  Mix  and  dissolve.  To  use  varnish  it  may 
be  applied  with  a  soft  brush,  or  pour  it  over  the  silvered 
surface  and  move  the  plate  back  and  forth  until  the  varnish 
is  evenly  and  completely  distributed  over  the  back  of  the  glass. 


Face  Lotion:     Hair  Tonic. 
(G.D.Co.) — 'Please  give  us  formulas  for  each  of  the  follow- 
ing:   Face  lotion,  thick,  nice  odor;  face  lotion,  tliin,  nice  odor; 
and  a  hair  tonic,  also  possessing  a  nice  odor." 

The  title  "face  lotion,"  without  other  qualification,  is  so 
elastic  that  it  may  be  employed  to  cover  a  broad  range  of 
preparations  of  widely  differing  composition  and  characteristics. 
However,  one  of  the  most  common  "lotions"  of  the  "thick" 
type  used  for  the  face  and  hands,  perhaps,  is  the  well-known 
quince  seed   lotion   or  toilet  "cream,   a  common   formula   being: 

Quince   seed    2  ounces 

Rose  water    4  pints 

Glycerin     2  pints 

Tincture  of  benzoin 2  ounces 

Macerate  the  quince  seed   in   the  rose  water  for  24  hours, 
strain,  and  add  the  glycerin  and  tincture  of  benzoin. 
Another  lotion   which   possesses  considerable   density   is: 

Mucilage   of    fla.xseed 8  fl.  ounces 

Glycerin      8  fl.  ounces 

Alcohol    2  fl.  ounces 

Essence    of    roses ^  A-  ounce 

Borax    2  drams 

Rose  water,  enough  to  make 32  fl.  ounces 

Mix  the  mucilage  and  glycerin,  add  the  alcohol  and  essence, 
and  finally  the  rose  water  in  which  the  borax  has  been  dis- 
solved. If  desired,  any  good  handkerchief  perfume  may  be 
added  to  give  distinctive  odor. 

For  a  "thin"  lotion  try  one  of  these: 

(1) 

Glycerin    1  ounce 

.Aromatic  vinegar,  enough  to  make 16  fl.  ounces 

Tincture  of  cochineal enough  to  color 

Glycerin    • 4  ounces 

Orange-flower  water   1  ounce 

Rose  water    5  ounces 

Distilled  water   5  ounces 

Mix.  This  lotion  may  be  colored  with  liquid  carmine,  1  to 
4   fl.  drams. 


60 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


Hair  Tonic. 

(1) 

Resorcin     5,0  parts 

Menthol    O.S  part 

Alcohol   150.0  parts 

Rose  water    25.0  parts 

Cologne   water    25.0  parts 

Mix. 

(2) 

Castor   oil    2  fl.  ounces 

Oleo-balsamic   mi.\ture    3  fl.  ounces 

Tincture    of    cantharides 3  fl.  drams 

Benzoic  acid   135  grains 

Tannic   acid    1  J-i  drams 

Alcohol     4  fl.  drams 

MLx  and  filter. 

As  stated  above,   these  preparations   may   also  be  variously 
perfumed  by  the  addition  of  suitable  handkerchief  extracts. 


The  dog  should  be  thoroughly  washed  with  plenty  of  soft 
soap  and  warm  water.  After  drying,  either  of  the  foregoing 
applications  will  generally  eradicate  the  pest,  the  hair  usually 
growing  again.  Two  or  tliree  dressings  at  intervals  of  three 
davs  will  sufiice. 


Tincture    of  Larkspur. 
(G.P.H.) — There  is  no  official  formula  for  tincture  of  lark- 
spur, but   the  following  has   been  proposed  for  admission   into 
the  next  edition  of  the  National  Formulary: 

Larkspur  seed.  No.  30  powder 100  grams 

.•\lcohol,  enough  to  make 1000  cc. 

The  resulting  tincture  has  a  permanent  brownish-green 
color. 

The  so-called  "nursery  hair  lotion"  to  kill  "nits"  in  chil- 
dren's hair  may  be  made  after  one  of  the  following  formulas 
("Pharmaceutical  Formulas")  : 

(1) 

Stavesacre  seed,  in  rough  powder 2  ounces 

Acetic  acid    1  ounce 

Water    16  fl.  ounces 

Boil  for  10  minutes  in  a  covered  vessel,  set  aside  until  cold; 
then  add: 

Rectified  spirit    2  ounces 

Oil    of    geranium 2  minims 

Oil    of   lavender 2  minims 

Oil    of    lemon 4  minims 

Filter  and  add : 

Glycerin    1  ounce 

Water,  enough  to  make. 20  fl.  ounces 

According  to  the  authority  cited,  this  formula  from  the 
Edinburgh  Infirmary  Pharmacopoeia,  is  a  valuable  one  and 
certain  in  its  effects. 

(2) 

Larkspur    seed    10  ounces 

Potassium    carbonate    1  ounce 

Water    SO  ounces 

Boil  together  five  minutes,  and  when  cold  add : 

Rectified    spirit    50  ounces 

Water,   enough  to  make 100  ounces 


Mange  Remedy  for  Bogs. 
(E.J.H.) — We  are  not  familiar  with  the  proprietary  remedy 
and  do  not   recall  any   analysis   that   throws   any   light   on   the 
probable  composition.     However,  if  you  want  a  formula  recom- 
mended by  a  contributor  to  the  Era,  you  can  try  the  following; 

Whale  oil   2  parts 

O-l  of  tar 1  part 

Flowers  of  sulphur 1  part 

This  is  to  be  thoroughly  mixed  and  applied  to  the  parts 
affected,  and  allowed  to  remain  for  about  24  hours,  when  the 
dog  should  be  washed  and  a  fresh  supply  applied.  Usually  two 
or  three  applications  wi'l  effect  a  cure.  This  remedy  contains 
no  poison,  2nd  cannot  injure  the  dog  should  he  lick  it  off. 
Two  other  standard  formulas  are: 

(1) 

Olive    oil    1  pint 

Oil    of   ttirpentine 54  P>nt 

Sulphur     2  ounces 

(2) 

Olive    oil    1  pmt 

Creolin    1  ounce 

Sulphur     2  ounces 


Shampoo  Paste. 
(M.P.n.) — Here  are  three   formulas; 

(1) 

While  castile  soap 2  ounces 

Ammonia  water   2  ounces 

Bay  rum  or  cologne  water 1  ounce 

Glycerin    1   ounce 

Water    12  ounces 

Dissolve  the  soap  in  the  water  by  the  aid  of  heat;  when 
nearly   cold,   stir  m   the  other  ingredients. 

(2) 

Castile   soap    4  ounces 

Potassium  carbonate   1  ounce 

Water    6  ounces 

G  lycerin     2  ounces 

Oil  of  lavender  flowers 5  drops 

Oil    of    bergamot 10  drops 

To  the  water  add  the  soap,  in  shavings,  and  the  potassium 

carbonate,  and  heat  on  a  water  bath  until  thoroughly  softened; 

add  the  glycerin  and  oils ;    if  necessary   to  reduce  consistency, 

more  water  may  be  added. 

(3) 

White    castile   soap 4  ounces 

Powdered    curd   soap 2  ounces 

Potassium    carbonate     1   ounce 

Honey     1  ounce 

Perfume  to  suit.  Make  a  homogeneous  paste  by  heating 
with  a  sufficient  quantity  of  water.  Many  other  formulas  for 
shampoos  may  be  found  in  the  new  edition  of  the  Er.\ 
Formulary,  now  on  the  press. 


Antiseptic  Solution. 

(J.E.C.) — "Will  you  please  publish  in  your  next  issue  a 
formula  for  an  antiseptic  solution  containing  the  following 
articles:  Benzoic  acid,  boracic  acid,  euca'yptol,  oil  of  pepper- 
mint, oil  of  wintergreen,  thymol,  and  alcohol,  the  solution  not 
to  contain  over  2S  per  cent,  of  alcohol,  and  enough  water  to 
make   1    gallon  ?" 

The  substances  named  constitute  the  ingredients  directed  in 
the  Pharmacopoeia  for  the  official  "antiseptic  solution"  which, 
according  to  Professor  A.  B.  Stevens'  calculation,  given  in  the 
Era  Dose  Book,  contains  23.7  per  cent,  of  alcohol  in  the 
finished  product.  Taking  the  official  formula  and  converting 
the  metric  quantities  there  prescribed  to  the  nearest  equivalents 
in  English  weights  and  measures  (on  the  basis  of  making 
1  gallon  of  finished  product),  the  formula  becomes  as  follows; 

Boric   acid    22   5/12  troy  ounces 

Benzoic    acid     56  grains 

Thymol     56  grains 

Eucalyplol    16  minims 

Oil  of  peppermint 16  minims 

Oil  of  gaultheria 16  minims 

Oil  of  thyme 8  minims 

Alcohol     32  fl.  ounces 

Water,  enough  to  make 1   gallon 

Dissolve  the  boric  acid  in  92  fl.  ounces  of  water  and  the 
benzoic  acid  in  10  fl.  ounces  of  alcohol,  and  pour  the  aqueous 
solution  into  the  alcoholic  solution.  Then  dissolve  in  a  mortar 
the  thymol  in  the  eucalyptol,  and  oils  of  peppermint,  gaul- 
theria and  thyme;  thoroughly  incorporate  the  purified  talc, 
and  add,  with  constant  trituration,  the  solution  first  prepared. 
Allow  the  mixture  to  stand,  with  occrsional  agitation,  during 
48  hours,  filter,  add  the  remainder  of  the  alcohol,  and  enough 
water  to  make  the  finished  product  measure   1   gallon. 

But  why  be  compelled  to  convert  the  metric  units  of  any 
formula  into  units  of  English  weights  and  measures  for  manu- 
facturing operations?  A  set  of  metric  weights  and  measures 
and  their  intelligent  employment  would  obviate  nearly  all  of 
the  "conversion  problems"  many  druggists  think  they  are  com- 
pelled to  solve  before  they  can  proceed  with  a  formula  stated 
in  metric  units. 


February.  1914:] 


THE    PHAR.AIACEUTICAL    ERA 


Gl 


WOMEM  m  PHAEMACY 

Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 

Women  Students,  Junior  and  Senior,  and  Instructors  at  Columbia. 


THE  84th  annual  term  of  instruction  at  the  College  of  Pharmacy,  Columbia  University,  is  now  well  under  way.  The 
Junior  class  numbers  17  students,  and  the  Senior  class  nine  This  unusual  number  of  women  shows  the  increasing 
favor  accorded  to  women  in  pharmacy  and  to  the  course  offered  by  this  well-known  institution.  A  private  sitting  room 
is  provided  for  the  young  ladies,  and  everything  possible  done  for  their  profit  and  comfort.  The  college  graduates  are 
represented  on  the  faculty  membership  for  the  first  time  this  year.  Columbia  offers  unusual  advantages  in  three-,  four-  and 
si.x-year  courses  of  study  based  upon  high  school  graduation  and  leading  respectively  to  the  degrees  of  Pharmacy  Chemist 
(Ph.Ch.),    Bachelor   of   Science   in    Pharmacy    (B.S.    in   Phar.),  and   Doctor   of   Pharmacy    (Phar.D.). 

Women  students  of  the  Junior  and  Senior  classes  of  the  College  of  Pharmacy,  Columbia  University,  together  with  some 
of  the  members  of  the  faculty.  Those  in  the  Junior  class  are :  Miss  Deborah  .\rginteanu,  Hiss  Lena  Brill,  Miss  Edythe 
Caffrey,  Miss  Rose  Dispenza,  Miss  Sarah  Oilman,  Miss  Marie  Goldberg,  Miss  May  Levit,  Miss  Guarana  Lora,  Miss  Lena  J. 
Lmdeman,  Miss  Daisy  Jlyerson,  Miss  Mary  A.  O'Connor,  Miss  Sophia  Rose,  Miss  Helen  F.  Roudin,  Miss  Ida  Schimansky, 
Miss  Henrietta  Silverman,  Miss  .^nna  Solosko,  and  Mrs.  Edith  Thorn.  Those  in  the  Senior  class  are:  Miss  Lena  Ager, 
Miss  Margueritte  Colfax,  Miss  Henrietta  De  Maio,  Miss  Rose  Fried,  Miss  Kate  Kramer,  Miss  Ruth  Propper,  Miss  Rose 
Ofrias,  Miss  Mary  Rothstein  and  Mrs.  Florence  V.  G.  Wodicka. 


III.  The  Woman  Pharmacist's  Future. — "The  Better  Babies"  Movement. 


THE  Federal  government  led  the  way  to  a  still  greater  work 
when  it  began  to  experiment  and  conduct  exhaustive 
tests  in  scientific  crop  productions  and  animal  husbandry. 
Slowly,  but  surely,  it  began  to  dawn  upon  an  increasingly 
large  number  of  people  that  even  if  cotton  and  hogs  were 
immensely  valuable,  our  babies  were  worth  vastly  more. 

Statistics  are  wonderfully  illuminating  even  if  they  are  con- 
sidered dry  as  dust  to  the  uninterested,  and  statistics  revealed 
appalling  waste  of  human  life  from  improper  prenatal  and 
post-natal  conditions;  from  unclean  milk,  improper  feeding, 
indiscriminate  home  medication,  disease-carrying  insects,  neglect 
of  sanitary  and  hygienic  conditions,  and  hot,  close,  dusty 
rooms,  while  thousands  were  needlessly  doomed  to  go  through 
life  blind  before  the  enforced  use  of  silver  nitrate  solution 
almost  eliminated  blindness  from  ophthalmia  neonatorum.  The 
decrease  of  puerperal  septicaemia  has  been  in  steady  propor- 
tion to  the  better  understanding  of  hygienic  conditions  and  the 
intelligent  use  of  antiseptics. 

At  the  time  of  the  last  census  in  1910,  there  were  40,417,361 
persons  in  the  United  States  under  21  years  of  age,  and  they 
formed  43.9  per  cent,  of  the  total  population.  There  were 
29,499,136  children  under  15  years  of  age  or  about  one-third 
of  the  population,  and  over  2,000,000  babies  under  a  year  old 
or  almost   one-fortieth   of   the   entire   number  of   people.     Not 


quite  one  child  in  five  lives  in  a  big  city.  The  major  portion, 
therefore,  of  children  under  15  live  in  towns,  villages  and  rural 
communities.^  These  young  people  will  form  a  large  part  of 
the  citizenship  of  tomorrow — in  fact  the  native  citizenship 
itself. 

The  more  the  native  birth  rate  is  lowered,  the  greater  is  the 
administrative  power  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  multitude 
trooping  through   the  gateway  at  Ellis  Island. 

And,  strange  as  it  may  seem,  the  big  problem  of  infant 
mortality  no  longer  is  centered  in  the  big  cities,  but  in  smaller 
places. 

Through   labor  and  legislation.  New  York   City  has  reduced 
the   infant   mortality   rate   from    191    per    1000   births   in    1901, 
to  105  in  1912,  as  against  143  in  Utica  and  158  in  Troy.^ 
The  bulletin  from  which  these  figures  are  taken,  says: 
"The  result  is  that  we  have  suddenly  awakened  to 
the   fact   that   we   are   in   much   the   same   position   as 
New  Orleans  when  she  learned  that  instead  of  quar- 
antining   against    Havana,    Havana    was   quarantining 
against  New  Orleans." 


''^Handbook    of    Federal    Statistics    of    Children,    Children's 
Bureau,  Julia  C.  Lathrop,  Chief. 

-Special  Bulletin.   New    York  State,   Department  of  Health. 


62 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[Fkbruary,  191<t 


From  1909  to  1913  the  Milk  and  Baby  Hygiene  Association 
of  Boston  has  reduced  the  infant  mortality  25  per  cent.  During 
the  past  Summer  o279  babies  under  one  year  of  age  died  in 
New  York  City  from  diarrhoeal  diseases,  and  these  diseases 
do  not  rank  first  in  importance  as  the  cause  of  infant  mor- 
tality. The  congenital  diseases  take  first  rank.  Nevertheless, 
most  of  these  3279  could  have  been  saved  if  they  had  been 
properly  fed. 

Too  often,  it  is  claimed,  undersized  people  and  actual 
dwarfs  are  the  result  of  imperfect  nutrition  during  infancy. 
Older  children  suffer  from  neglected  teeth,  eyes,  ears,  etc.,  and 
that,  too,  in  spite  of  recent  legislation  to  supply  medical 
inspection.  The  result  of  years  of  neglect  cannot  be  undone 
in  a  moment,  even  by  the  most  conscientious  of  physicians. 
New  York  City  has  1S4  medical  inspectors,  301  nurses,  10 
dentists,  55  nurses'  assistants,  etc.,  and  in  addition  55  trained 
nurses  are  assigned  for  extra  duties  at  the  infant's  milk  sta- 
tions from  May  1  to  Oct.  1.  All  places  are  not  provided  with 
such  a  corps  of  workers,  but  the  fact  remains  there  is  work  to 
do  for  child  welfare  everywhere. 

The  woman  pharmacist  has  neither  time  nor  training  to 
undertake  specialized  work  in  any  of  tliese  lines,  but  in  order 
to  keep  step  with  the  progress  of  events  about  her  she  must 
be  prepared  to  give  helpful  information  with  the  goods  she  sells. 
When  she  wraps  up  nursing  bottles  or  rubber  nipples  for  a 
yotmg  mother  or  a  foreign  one,  she  can  easily  lead  the  con- 
versation to  the  care  of  these  articles  and  tell  her  a  clean, 
boiled  nipple  should  be  used  each  time — one  that  has  been 
cleansed  inside  and  out;  that  clean,  boiled  bottles  should  be 
used  for  each  feeding,  and  any  milk  left  in  the  bottle  thrown 
away:  that  hands  and  all  dishes  sliould  be  scrupulously  clean 
when  baby's  food  is  prepared;  and  that  no  pains  should  be 
spared  to  nurse  a  baby,  as  that  is  the  best  food  of  all  when 
it  is  possible. 

She  can  discourage  the  mother  from  following  the  neigh- 
bors' advice  when  baby  is  ill,  and  point  out  that  babies  are 
delicate  creatures  and  that  skilled,  medical  advice  is  decidedly 
safest.  She  can  utter  a  timely  warning  against  ignorant 
"doping"  of  children  with  narcotics,  and  the  too  common 
belief  that  all  childish  ills  come  from  teeth  or  worms.  Too 
often  indigestion  and  a  reactionary  nervous  condition  are  pres- 
ent that  call  for  e.xpert  diagnosis. 

The  woman  pharmacist  can  do  a  great  deal  toward  educat- 
ing the  mothers  about  her  on  the  importance  of  care  of  teeth 
and  eyes  in  relation  to  physical  well  being  of  their  children, 
and  as  she  has  frequent  opportunity,  can  urge  adequate  pre- 
natal care  under  medical  supervision.  She  can  acquaint  her- 
self with  the  hygienic  needs  of  maternity  and  specialize  on 
these  supplies.  She  can,  by  means  of  a  very  little  study,  help 
her  customers  to  follow  the  doctor's  orders  by  explaining 
thoroughly  the  use  of  sterilizing  and  pasteurizing  apparatus 
and  the  clinical  thermometer. 

She  could  with  propriety  have  a  pamphlet  of  timely  in- 
formation printed  bearing  a  few  common-sense  rules  of  baby 
hygiene,  and  a  listed  advertisement  of  the  baby  supplies  she 
offers  and  enclose  them  with  each  sale  of  baby  goods  or  send 
them  to  the  mothers  of  her  locality. 

When  there  is  a  "Better  Babies  Show"  in  town,  she  can,  if 
she  is  in  business  for  herself,  offer  one  or  more  prizes  for  the 
most  physically  perfect  specimens  of  babyhood.  She  can  keep 
a  capacious  filing  drawer  in  which  to  store  all  the  infant 
literature  of  which  there  is  such  an  abundance,  and  she  can 
so  familiarize  herself  with  the  child  welfare  movement  that  she 
will  be  the  first  thought  of  the  mother  in  need  of  the  services 
of  a  sympathetic  woman  pharmacist. 

(To  be  continued) 


NE'W    YORK    "WOMEN'S    PH.A. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Women's  Pharmaceutical 
Association  of  New  York  the  following  officers  were  elected : 
President,  Mrs.  E.  V.  Wiscndanger,  Woodmere,  L.  I. ;  vice- 
president.  Miss  Louise  Kramer,  New  York  City;  recording 
secretary,  Miss  Lucille  Rein,  New  Y'ork  City;  corresponding 
secretary,  Mrs.  May  V.  Crosby,  Inwood.  L.  I. ;  treasurer, 
Mrs.  Evelyn  Baker  Schwager,  New  Y'ork  City. 

The  retiring  president  was  Mrs.  Bertha  Broder,  who  was 
pharmacist  at  the  East  New  York  Dispensary  until  her  mar- 
riage last  August  to  Morrish  Dlugash,  a  wholesale  druggist 
of  New  York  City.  Mrs.  Dlugash  has  a  daughter  in  the 
Junior    class    of    the    BrookI)Ti    College    of    Pharmacy. 


Miss    NOR.'V    M.    GOBIE 


A  Promisinj;  Pharmacy  Graduate. 

THE  history  of  Miss  Nora  Marceline  Gobie,  of  Dorches- 
ter, Mass.,  is  of  especial  interest  because  it  shows  how 
closely  are  linked  together  long-cherished  desire,  the 
timely  word  spoken  at  the  right  season,  and  the  ability  of  a 
joyous,  capable,  ambitious  girl  to  accomplish  great  things. 
It  also  shows  that  results 
longed  for  with  sufficient 
earnestness  are  pretty  certain 
to  be  accomplished  sooner  or 
later. 

Miss  Gobie  was  born  in  the 
State  of  A'ermont  just  22  years 
ago  in  the  town  of  Quechee. 
The  family  home  is  still 
there.  During  his  own  young 
manhood  Mr.  Gobie,  the 
father,  had  felt  a  strong  in- 
clination to  enter  pharmacy, 
but  other  business  prevented. 
The  business  which  occupied 
Mr.  Gobie  largely  to  the  e.\- 
clusion  of  other  things  was 
and  is  the  printing  of  drug- 
gists' and  physicians'  labc's. 
He  found  the  Era  a  valuable 
advertising  medium  and  that 
magazine  came  regularly  to 
his  office. 

As  the  daughter  grew  to  womanhood  she  became  a  fint 
student,  graduating  from  the  Woodstock  High  school  with 
high  rank.  The  Gobie  printing  business  is  in  Woodstock, 
and,  naturally,  the  young  High  school  student  was  much  in 
her  father's  office  during  her  four-year  course.  She  handled' 
and  sorted  and  studied  the  labels  until  the  desire  awoke  to- 
know  what  they  stood  for  and  the  scientific  knowledge  that 
lay  behind  them.  Then  the  history  of  what  women  hadf 
accomplished  in  pharmacy  began  to  be  to!d  in  the  Er,\,  and 
father  and  daughter  read  it.  What  had  been  done  might  be 
done  again.  Together  they  eagerly  awaited  the  coming  of  each 
copy,  until  it  came  to  be  the  accepted  fact  that  Nora  Gobie 
would  do  the  thing  her  father  had  always  longed  to  do. 

As  soon  as  she  finished  High  school  she  entered  the  Massa- 
chusetts College  of  Pharmacy,  from  which  she  expects  to 
graduate  next  May.  In  the  meantime  this  young  lady,, 
thanks  to  hard  work,  thorough  training  and  careful  instruc- 
tions, received  her  diploma  of  registration  as  an  assistant 
pharmacist  from  the  Vermont  Board  in  July  of  last  year, 
and  her  full  registration  papers  in  October,  taking  a  standing 
sufficient   to   entitle   her  to   reciprocity   privileges. 

Miss  Gobie  says  the  utmost  courtesy  was  e.xtended  to  her 
by  the  members  of  the  board  of  her  native  State,  which  shows 
that  the  day  of  prejudice  has  passed  against  a  woman  enter- 
ing this  profession.  During  the  time  she  has  been  in  college 
she  has  been  fortunate  in  having  excellent  places  in  which 
to  work  during  her  leisure  hours,  and  this  is  giving  her  the 
training  she  desires  for  the  management  of  the  drug  store 
which  she  hopes  to  own  some  day. 

At   the  present   time  she   is  employed   in   the  store   of   Mr. 
I.  A.  Piercy,   1270  Dorchester  avenue,  Dorchester.     Naturally, 
this   occupies   the   young   lady's   time   very    fully.      It    means   a 
fixed  purpose  to  do  good  work  provided  a  student  takes  sev- 
eral subjects  and  works  in  a  store  at  the  same  time.     She  saysr 
"Many  nights  I  have  put  in  two  or  three  hours  of 
hard  study  after  working  until  10  o'clock.     But,  at  the 
same  time,  if  one  can  stand  it,  you  are  getting  valu- 
able experience  in  the  store  and  your  training  at  the 
school  to  apply  on  your  education  in  the  meantime." 
Miss    Qobie    is    right,    and    many    young    people    who    are 
spending   time   and    energy    in    late-hour    pleasures    would    be 
better  off  to  be  spending  the  same  time  to  a  definite,  worthy 
purpose. 

Miss  Gobie  finds  the  public  cordial  and  appreciative  of 
her  efforts.  She  likes  her  work  more  and  more  each  day ; 
and  she  looks  forward  to  a  career  of  usefulness.  She  con- 
siders pharmacy  a  fine  field  for  any  young  woman  willing  to^ 
apply  herself  sufficiently  to  master   its  principles. 


?m*wAiyf^&vmsfi^^i!srMi^iiyHiVKi9&^^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


How  F.  K.  Stearns  Takes  His  Recreation. 


president  of  the  Detroit  Baseball  Club — and  Detroit  had  a 
world's  champion  team  then,  too.  He  comes  naturally  by  his 
love  for  the  National  game,  for  during  his  college  days  at  Ann 
Arbor  he  was  a  member  of  the  'Varsity  Nine  and  a  most 
effective  member  at  that. 


F.   K.    SrE.4RXs 
of    Detroit. 


FREDERICK  K.  STEARNS,  of  Detroit,   is  a  motor  en- 
thusiast.    Not   content   with   having  motored  al^  through 
this  countr>-.  he  has  made  20  trips  abroad,  has  traversed 
Einope    in   all   directions,    has   visited   the    islands   of   the   sea, 
Vokohoma,    Singapore,    Ceylon   and    Java,    and    as   he   himself 

c~presses  it,  has  been  every- 
where but  South  .Africa.  Rus- 
sia and  Jerusalem.  He  has 
hopes  of  traveling  through 
Russia  in  his  car  before  he 
stops;  but  while  he  has  been 
in  the  Ho'y  Land  he  has 
tabooed  Jerusalem  because — 
"it  did  not  seem  just  exactly 
what  you  mi^ht  call  sanitary." 
Mr.  Steams  undoubtedly  has 
reference  to  that  peculip.r  state 
of  bodily  sanitation  in  the 
Eastern  countries  so  frankly 
epitomized  by  Mark  Twain, 
when  he  told  his  reasons  why 
he  was  no  longer  attracted  by 
the  glories  of  the  Queen  of 
Sheba. 

Mr.  Steams  is  a  most  in- 
teresting man  to  talk  with. 
He  will  take  a  map  of  the 
Continent  and  point  to  the 
network  of  tracings  in  red,  blue  and  yellow,  all  records  of 
his  journeys,  extending  from  sea  to  sea  and  from  capital  to 
capital.  He  has  traveled  thousands  of  miles  during  his  12 
years  of  motoring  and  has  never  had  an  accident.  Only  once 
has  he  injured  a  pedestrian,  and  that  was  in  Spain.  The 
party  was  then  cast  into  a  dungeon  and  held  until  it  was 
learned  that  the  woman  was  not  seriously  hurt.  It  was  im- 
comfortable  and  it  looked  serious  for  a  time  for  the  motorists, 
but  they  were  eventually  released.  His  most  thrilling  ride 
was  through  the  Stelvio  pass,  the  highest  mountain  pass  in  the 
world,  which  lies  between  .Austria  and  Italy.  In  it  there  are 
80  '"hair-pin"  cmres,  so  narrow  that  a  motor  car  has  to  back 
through  them,  and  the  drop  down  the  sides  of  the  pass  are 
sheer  for  more  than  a  mile. 

Only  last  September  he  returned  from  a  trip  to  Australia. 
He  finds  Hawaii — that  is,  Honolulu — an  ideal  climate  and 
says  that  while  people  visit  Europe  in  search  of  perfect  weather 
they  overlook  this  beauty  spot  so  near  our  doors.  Japan,  he 
finds,  has  been  over-praised. 

"It's  beautiful,"  he  says,  "but  by  no  means  the  dreamland 
of  cherry  blossoms  and  wistaria  people  think  it.  It  has  been 
tmbearably  hot  when  I  have  been  there,  and  the  last  time  we 
were  in  Japan  it  was  in  a  raging  snow  storm." 

Mr.  Steams  is  a  man  of  many  accomplishments.  While 
motoring  is  his  hobby,  he  is  passionately  fond  of  music,  and 
his  activities  in  behalf  of  the  Detroit  Symphony  .Association 
have  done  much  for  that  organization.  He  himself  has  been 
at  some  time  or  another  a  proficient  performer  upon  any  one 
of  a  half  dozen  different  musical  instruments.  He  is  an 
enthusiastic  baseball  "fan"  as  well,  and  for  fovu:  years  was  the 


— Daniel  R.  Jones,  well-known  Milwaukee  druggist,  whose 
store  in  the  Wells  building  is  one  of  the  best  patronized  in 
that  city,  believes  that  the  day  has  passed  when  the  city 
druggist  can  profitably  feature  holiday  goods.  Mr.  Jones  says 
that  it  is  all  right  for  the  druggist  in  the  smaller  city  or  town 
to  specialize  in  holiday  goods,  but  that  it  will  pay  the  city 
druggist  to  give  his  attention  to  a  general  line  of  drugs  and 
accessories.  "Five  or  six  years  ago."  said  Mr.  Jones,  "this 
was  a  profitable  sideline  for  the  city  druggist,  but  nowadays 
people  dont  go  to  a  drug  store  to  buy  their  holiday  stationer^', 
perfumes  and  other  lines.  They  go  to  the  department  stores, 
where  they  can  usually  find  a  larger  assortment  at  lower  prices. 
Other  druggists  in  tlie  downtown  section  have  told  me  the 
same  thing.  Druggists  in  the  residence  districts  and  drug- 
gists in  the  smaller  cities  and  towns  meet  with  just  the  oppo- 
site experience,  and  find  that  it  is  a  paying  proposition  to 
feature  holiday  goods  in  their  windows  and  in  their  stores. 
The  small-town  druggist  who  does  not  play  up  the  usual 
special  stuff  at  holiday  time  is  missing  a  great  opportunity, 
but  it  is  easy  to  see  why  conditions  are  different  with  pro- 
prietors of  city  stores.  The  department  stores  and  the  5-and- 
10-cent  stores  have  killed  the  holiday  business  for  the  city 
druggist,  and  the  sooner  he  realizes  this  the  better,  because 
then  he  will  devote  his  time  and  energy  to  the  regular  lines  of 
goods  and  will  increase  his  sales  in  this  line  during  the 
holidays." 

— Joseph  T.  Baltar,  of  New  Orleans,  one  of  the  most 
popular  druggists  in  that  city,  has  been 
appointed  a  member  of  the  State  Board 
of  Pharmacy  by  the  Governor.  Mr. 
Baltar  is  a  graduate  of  the  medical  de- 
partment of  Tulane  University,  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Tulane  Alunmi  Asso- 
ciation. He  started  in  the  retail  drug 
business  as  an  apprentice  for  William 
Wright,  with  whom  he  remained  for 
eight  years.  He  then  accepted  a  posi- 
tion as  head  prescription  clerk  at 
Eugene  May's  drug  store,  which  posi- 
tion he  held  for  three  years,  when  he 
went  into  business  for  himself.  He  is 
now  the  proprietor  of  a  prosperous  drug 
store  in  the  Sixth  district  and  is  highly 
esteemed  by  both  the  medical  profes- 
sion and  the  public.  His  ability  as  a 
pharmacist  led  to  his  being  named  for 
State  Board,  and  he  is  expected  to 
member  of  that  body. 

— Dr.  H.  M.  Whelpley  has  'em  going.  You  know,  the 
Doctor  is  a  way-up  pharmacist  in  St.  Louis  and  the  United 
States,  and  more  than  likely  when  you  get  across  the  water 
you'll  find  him  listed  as  somewhat  of  an  American  celebrity. 
The  Doctor,  with  his  ready  smile  and  his  steady  twinkling 
eyes  and  his  soft  voice  and  his  delightful  method  of  imparting 
information  to  the  ignorant  without  asking  embarrassing  ques- 
tions, is  doing  the  utterly  impossible — he's  getting  business 
men  interested  in  flints  and  other  crude-looking  Indian  stones 
and  pieces  of  old  pottery,  and  men  heretofore  chiefly  interested 
in  billiards  and  such  are  pottering  about  Monk's  Mound  across 


Joseph   T.    B.vlt.\r 

the  position  on   the 
prove   a   most   valuable 


64 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


the  river,  where  they  are  picking  up  things  to  bring  kick  to 
St.  Louis,  where  they  are  calling  their  friends  aside  to  inspect 
their  wonderful  finds.  "A  year  ago,"  says  the  Doctor,  "you 
couldn't  get  a  soul  interested  in  Indian  mounds  and  mound 
pickings.  Today — why.  I  even  &3.T  women  and  children  on 
the  street  cars  discussing  St.  Louis  and  its  mounds  or  the 
mounds  we  used  to  have  here.  It's  wonderful.  I'm  delighted 
to  see  this  awakening  to  things  historical."  Dr.  Whelpley 
gave  an  illustrated  lecture  Jan.  19  at  the  St.  Louis  .\cadcmy 
of  Science.     Of  course,  he  spoke  on  mounds. 

— ■William  UcGibbon,  manager  of  the  Missouri  River 
departmeht  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  joined  the  Red  Lilly  organi- 
zation as  a  traveling  salesman  10  years  ago.  Previous  to  that 
time  he  had  represented  Nelson,  Baker  &  Co.  Mr.  McGibbon's 
first  territory  with  the  Lilly  company  was  the  Slate  of  Michi- 
gan, which  later  became  divided  and  he  was  assigned  the 
western  half  with  hecdquarlers  at  Grand  Rapids.  His  e.\- 
cellent  work  in  Michigan  was  recognized  by  his  house  in 
promoting  him  to  the  management  of  the  Chicago  branch  of 
the  Lilly  company,  where  he  remained  for  several  years.  Mr. 
McGibbon  now  resides  in  Kansas  City.  He  is  a  close  student 
of  pharmaceutical  subjects  and  is  well  informed  on  drug 
questions,  both  technical  and  commercial.  He  has  been  active 
in  the  drug  organizations  of  Michigan  and  Illinois  and  is 
certain  to  prove  a  \-aluable  accession  to  the  ranks  of  the 
Kansas  and  Missouri  associations.  .X  man  of  fine  personality, 
very  genial  and  a  capital  mixer,  with  a  faculty  of  becoming 
widely  acquainted  in  any  community  in  a  short  time,  he  is  also 
a  man  of  great  industry  and  perseverance,  as  his  success  in 
his  chosen  field  attests. 

—Dr.  Charles  S.  'WToods,  who  for  the  last  two  years  has 
been  medical  counsel  for  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  Indianapolis,  has 
accepted  the  chair  of  preventative  medicine  in  the  University 
of  Iowa,  and  has  gone  to  Iowa  City  to  reside.  Friends  in 
Indianapolis  gave  a  farewell  dinner  to  Dr.  Woods  at  the 
Severin  Hotel  prior  to  his  departure.  Among  the  guests  were 
Severance  Burrage,  H.  E.  Barnard,  Jack  Hinman,  Dr.  E.  J. 
Dubois,  and  others.  Dr.  Woods  is  a  graduate  of  Moores 
Hill  College,  University  of  Chicago,  and  has  studied  e.xten- 
sively  abroad.  He  is  an  active  member  and  worker  in  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  .Association,  .American  Medical  .As- 
sociation, .American  Chemical  Society,  National  Educational 
.Association  and  -American  Public  Health  .Association.  Re- 
cently he  was  a  candidate  for  mayor  of  Indianapolis,  and 
prior  to  his  connection  with  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  was  city  sanitarian 
and  secretary  of  the  city  health  board. 

—Miss  Alice  Henkel,  botanist  in  the  Bureau  of  Plant 
Industry,  of  the  United  States  Department  of  .Agriculttire. 
wTites  the  bureau's  pamphlets  on  the  medicinal  qualities  of 
plants  for  the  schools  of  pharmacy  and  for  others  interested. 
Her  most  recent  publication  is  ".American  Medicinal  Flowers, 
Fruits  and  Seeds,"  which  gives  and  describes  a  list  of  14  plants 
furnishing  medicinal  flowers,  fruits  and  seeds,  with  sraonyms 
and  pharmacopoeial  name,  and  common  name,  habitat,  range, 
description  and  information  in  regard  to  collection,  prices  and 
uses  of  the  parts  in  greatest  demand.  Miss  Henkel  is  a 
graduate  of  the  National  College  of  Pharmacy  in  Washington. 
She  WTOte  her  first  booklet  on  "Weeds  L^sed  in  Medicine"  in 
1904.  and  since  that  time  has  written  several  others.  Her 
booklets  are  part  of  the  official  literature  issued  by  the  Govern- 
ment. 

— Ali  Selim  will  return  from  St.  Louis  to  Egypt  not  only 
a  pharmacist  but  also  a  benedict.  .Ali  is  a  young  Egyptian  of 
high  family.  He  says  he  is  the  son  of  Selim  Osman.  former 
treasurer  for  an  Egyptian  ruler.  Ali  came  to  St.  Louis  about 
two  years  ago,  and  he  expects  to  be  graduated  from  the  St. 
Louis  College  of  Pharmscy  in  April.  .Ali  said  he  wanted  to 
keep  his  marriage  secret  from  his  relatives  in  Cairo  until 
after  his  graduation.  "They  are  sending  me  money  to  go  to 
school  on  and  not  to  get  married  on,"  he  said.  Last  Summer, 
when  on  his  vacation  in  Hot  Springs,  .Ark.,  he  met  Miss  Opal 
Sartain,  of  Fort  Smith,  .Ark.  On  Jan.  13,  this  year,  he  and 
Miss  Sartain  were  married  in  St.  Louis  by  the  Rev.  John  C. 
Ablett.  -AH  said  he  probably  would  go  into  business  in  Cairo, 
where  he  has  a  brother  and  a  sister  and  other  relatives  who 
are  physicians. 

— Thomas  A.  Huston,  the  Summit  street  (Toledo)  drug- 
gist, who  was  sent  to  jail  recently  on  the  charge  of  selling 
narcotics   illegallj-,    was   released   just    before    Christmas.      He 


had  served  32  of  the  60  days'  sentence  and  paid  a  fine  of  $150. 
In  suspending  sentence  the  judge  said  that  the  32  days  Mr. 
Huston  had  spent  in  jail  had  accomplished  as  much  good  in 
stopping  the  widespread  sale  ot  "dope"  in  Toledo  by  druggists 
as  a.l  ihe  crus,-!des  ever  made  in  the  city.  .After  his  release 
Mr.  Huston  said:  "There  is  not  a  reputable  druggist  in 
Toledo  who  is  now  selling  dope  unless  it  is  on  the  prescrip- 
tion of  a  reputable  physician.  I  do  not  believe  there  will  ever 
be  the  necessity  for  a  hospital  in  Toledo  to  cure  the  dope 
habit  because  before  one  year  has  passed  dope  will  be  com- 
pletely wiped  out  in  this  city." 

, — Gilbert  A  Doty,  of  Doty  Brothers,  proprietors  of  a 
chain  of  drug  stores  in  Detroit,  was  shot  twice  in  the  arm, 
in  the  store  at  2SS  West  Warren  avenue,  recently,  by  an  insane 
man  who  entered  the  store  and  demanded  money.  Mr.  Doty 
was  standing  near  the  center  of  the  store  when  the  man 
entered  and  exhibited  a  revolver.  "I  want  money,"  he  an- 
nounced. "I  haven't  any,"  said  Mr.  Doty,  a  small,  slight  man, 
raising  both  hands  above  his  head.  "Well,  I'm  going  to  shoot 
you  any  way,"  the  crank  replied,  and  fired  several  times.  Two 
bullets  took  effect  in  Mr.  Doty's  arm.     His  assailant  escaped. 

— Fred  B.  Flettner,  who  has  just  been  promoted  from 
the  position  of  assistant  superintendent  of  the  Summer  street 
store  of  the  Riker-Jaynes  Drug  Company,  to  that  of  manager 
of  the  wholesale  drug  department  in  Boston,  was  tendered  a 
complimentary  dinner  Jan.  19  at  the  Quincy  House  by  his 
associates  in  the  Summer  street  store,  and  he  was  presented 
with  a  beautiful  mahogany  mantle  clock.  Frank  Locke  made 
the  presentation  speech.  Lots  of  nice  things  were  said  about 
Mr.  Flettner,  and  all  wished  him  success  in  his  new  and  re- 
sponsible position. 

— August  E.  Holmberg.  a  druggist  of  Superior,  Wis., 
was  one  of  the  leading  witnesses  before  the  Wisconsin  State 
^'ice  Commission,  when  that  body  held  a  recent  hearing  in 
Superior.  Mr.  Holmberg  testified  that  he  was  doing  a  business 
with  the  "tenderloin"  district  that  amounted  to  about  $250 
a  month  and  that  he  had  a  boy  in  his  employ  who  collected 
the  fines  imposed  by  the  city  in  the  district  and  turned  them 
over  to  the  police.  Mr.  Holmberg  testified  that  he  carried 
forbidden  drugs  in  his  stock,  but  he  denied  that  he  had  ever 
sold  any. 

— C.  T.  Goldsmith,  a  druggist  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  Pa.,  was 
held  up  and  robbed  recently  as  he  was  about  to  close  his  store. 
.A  stranger  entered  the  store,  asked  for  chewing  gum,  and  when 
Goldsmith  turned  to  produce  it  the  man  drew  a  gun  and 
demanded  money.  Goldsmith  ran  from  the  store  into  the  arms 
of  an  accomplice  of  the  lold-up  man.  He  was  taken  back  into 
the  store  and  robbed  of  his  watch,  valued  at  $150.  The 
robbers  took  $20  from  the  cash  register,  but  when  Goldsmith 
asked  for  some  change  they  gave  him  some  nickels  and  dimes. 

— C.  J.  Mount,  formerly  with  the  McPike  Drug  Co.,  and 
also  the  head  salesman  with  the  Faxon-Gallagher  Drug  Co., 
Kansas  City,  for  some  time,  went  to  .Atchison,  Kan.,  Jan.  1, 
to  assume  the  direction  of  the  traveling  men  of  the  Wherrett- 
Mize  Drug  Co.  Some  time  ago  he  went  to  the  Pacific  Coast 
and  established  himself  at  Seattle  with  the  Pacific  Coast  Drug 
Co.,  which  went  out  of  business  after  the  death  of  Leslie 
Brinkenhoff,  but  has  now  returned  to  the  scene  of  earlier 
e.xperiences. 

— Leo  Pionati,  pharmacist  at  Franklin  and  Erie  street, 
Buffalo,  is  receiving  congratulations,  instead  of  condolences, 
from  his  friends.  .A  man  with  Mr.  Pionati's  card  was  found 
dying  in  a  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  street  recently.  .A  bottle  labeled 
"strjchnine"  lying  by  his  side  told  the  story,  and  the  card  in 
his  pocket  was  the  only  means  of  identification.  "The  man 
probably  was  someone  I  had  met  and  handed  my  card  to 
when  I  was  a  pharmacist  at  the  Columbus  hospital,"  said 
Mr.  Pionati.     "You  can  see  that  I  am  very  much  alive." 

— A.  C.  Smith,  of  Lancaster,  Wis.,  a  traveling  salesman 
for  the  Watkins  Medicine  Co.,  of  Winona,  Minn.,  has  rep- 
resented that  company  in  Grant  county,  Wis.,  for  the  past  26 
years.  In  fact,  his  term  of  seri-ice  will  total  27  years  in 
March.  He  had  the  whole  county  as  his  territory  for  20 
years,  and  it  was  then  divided  into  two  sections,  llr.  Smith 
being  given  the  South  half.  This  b  an  unusually  good  record 
from  point  of  service  and  one  upon  which  Mr.  Smith  prides 
himself. 

— Charles  F.  Cutler,  president  of  the  Eastern  Drug  Co.; 


Fkbedaky,  1914] 


THE    PHARJIACEUTICAL    ERA 


65 


George  R.  White,  president  of  the  Potter  Drug  &  Chemical 
Co.,  and  Waher  M.  Lowney,  president  of  the  Walter  M. 
Lomiey  Co.,  were  included  in  the  list  of  90  friends  of  the  late 
Horace  W.  Wadleigh,  of  Boston,  who  after  disposing  of  a 
fortune  of  $130,000  to  educational  and  philanthropic  enter- 
prises of  Boston  and  vicinity  made  gifts  of  $100  each  to  a 
long  list  of  personal  friends. 

— Edward  E.  Leighton,  attorney  for  the  California  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy,  gave  a  talk  recently  before  the  Evening 
City  Club  of  Los  .\ngeles  on  "An  Evening  with  the  Drug 
Fiends,  or  the  Morphine,  Cocaine  and  Opium  Traffic  in  Cali- 
fornia." State  Inspector  Jones  illustrated  the  speaker's  re- 
marks by  e.xhibiting  and  explaining  the  opium  pipe,  lamp, 
drugs  and   all   the   paraphernalia  used   by   drug   devotees. 

— James  E.  Mastin,  assistant  food  chemist  for  Kentucky, 
has  been  appointed  to  the  position  at  the  head  of  the  food 
laboratory  under  Dr.  W.  F.  Hand,  State  Chemist  and  Food  and 
Drug  Commissioner  of  Mississippi.  Mr.  Mastin  is  the  sixth 
Kentuckian  to  be  appointed  to  pure  food  work  under  the 
Federal  government  and  in  the  several  States.  The  appoint- 
ment is  a  promotion  in  both  position  and  salary. 

— Roy  S.  Patterson,  formerly  pharmacist  with  John 
Harding  &  Co.,  Brady  street,  Davenport,  la.,  has  accepted  a 
position  as  Tri-city  salesman  with  the  Hartz  &  Bahnsen  Co., 
wholesale  druggists  of  Rock  Island.  He  began  his  new  duties 
Jan.  1.  Mr.  Patterson  went  to  Davenport  from  Marshalltown 
nine  years  ago,  and  has  been  associated  with  the  Harding 
store   ever  since. 

— George  W.  Clark,  for  six  years  employed  as  a  clerk 
with  Theodore  Merritt's  Sons,  Newburg,  X.  Y.,  has  purchased 
the  drug  business  established  by  Richard  Ennis,  and  conducted 
by  his  widow  since  the  death  of  Mr.  Ennis  eight  years  ago. 
Mr.  Clark  is  a  graduate  of  the  Buffalo  College  of  Pharmacy. 
The  Ennis  drug  store  has  been  conducted  at  the  same  stand 
for  35  years. 

— William  DeCoursey  Rose,  ciruggist,  at  82  Lafayette 
avenue,  Buffalo,  has  preferred  charges  against  the  Federal 
Telephone  Company  before  the  Public  Service  Commission, 
alleging  discrimination  against  him.  The  allegations  are  to  the 
effect  that  the  telephone  company  refuses  to  give  him  telephone 
ser\'ice  at  the  same  rate  other  business  men  receive  in  his 
vicinity. 

— A.  C.  Schulte,  son  of  Druggist  A.  H.  SchuUe,  300 
South  Jefferson  avenue,  St.  Louis,  suffered  a  cut  on  his  nose 
and  other  cuts  and  abrasions  when  he  and  Miss  Cora  Mae 
Hess,  17,  the  daughter  of  Police  Captain  W.  C.  Hess,  were 
thrown  from  an  automobile  while  returning  from  a  New  Year's 
celebration.     Miss  Hess  was  not  seriously  injured. 

— Harry  Clinton  McFadden,  of  the  drug  firm  of  Mc- 
Fadden  &:  Libbey,  of  Wolfboro,  N.  H.,  has  been  married  to 
Mrs.  Rose  Nickerson  Mason.  He  is  one  of  the  youngest 
merchants  in  the  town,  going  there  from  Lewiston,  Me.,  about 
15  years  ago.  The  bride  is  a  member  of  several  local  organi- 
zations. 

—Miss  Margaret  Barrett,  pharmacist  at  the  Methodist 
Hospital,  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  and  a  graduate  of  the  Starling 
Medical  College,  has  been  appointed  a  pharmacist  at  the 
Miami  \alley  Hospital  to  succeed  iliss  Norma  Hawley,  who 
has  assumed  a  position  as  phzirmacist  at  the  Pittsburgh  City 
Hospital. 

— "Warren  R.  Potter,  one  of  Sharp  &  Dohme's  Brooklyn 
representatives,  has  been  confined  to  the  Brook'jTi  Hospital  for 
some  weeks  past  with  typhoid  fever.  His  friends  will  be  glad 
to  know  that  he  has  greatly  improved.  He  hopes  to  be  up  and 
about  within  the  next  few  weeks. 

— "Warren  B.  Armstrong,  a  druggist  of  Sunbury,  Pa., 
has  been  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  L.  McGann.  of  Philadel- 
phia. The  bride  is  a  native  of  Shamokin,  and  a  graduate 
trained  nurse  from  the  Medico-Chirurgical  College,  Philadel- 
phia. 

— G.  Y.  Kradwell,  well-known  as  a  druggist  of  Racine, 
Wis.,  has  been  appointed  a  member  of  the  Wisconsin  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  by  Governor  McGovern.  Mr.  Kradwell 
will  fill  the  terra  which  expires  on  April  11,  1918. 

— Michael  Bernstein,  druggist  and  capitalist,  of  Shreve- 
port.  La.,  is  on  his  way  to  Eg\-pt  and  the  Far  East.  His  tour 
will  last  for  six  months.  He  sailed  from  New  York  on  the 
"Princess  Irene"  of  the  North  German  Lloyd  line. 


— J.  L.  Prior,  of  Atlanta,  with  Mrs.  Prior,  were  recent 
visitors  at  New  York  and  Baltimore.  Mr.  Prior,  better  known 
to  his  many  friends  in  the  South  as  "Jack"  Prior,  is  the 
Atlanta  branch  manager  of  Sharp  &  Dohme. 

— G.  H.  Roebke,  traveling  salesman  for  Meyer  Bros.  Drug 
Co.,  was  operated  upon  successfully  for  appendicitis  at  a  St. 
Louis  hospital  recently,  and  in  his  absence  from  his  territory 
A.  C.  Meyer  took  his  place  on  the  road. 

— Charles  E.  Mathews,  manager  of  the  Chicago  branch 
of  Sharp  &  Dohme,  recently  visited  the  firm's  laboratories  at 
Baltimore.  He  also  spent  a  day  or  so  at  the  Sharp  &  Dohme 
general  offices  in  New  York  City. 

— New  York  drug  trade  visitors  from  out  of  town  recently 
included  J.  A.  Peboortan,  wholesale  druggist,  \'ancouver,  B.  C. : 
and  Benjamin  Exley.  general  manager  of  the  Ohio  Valley  Drug 
Co.,  of  Wheeling.  W.  \'a. 

— A.  P.  Scarborough,  a  druggist  of  Jasper,  Texas,  was 
stabbed  in  the  back  the  night  of  Jan.  10  by  a  negro  from  whom 
he  was  endeavoring  to  collect  a  debt.  He  was  not  dangerously 
injtured,  however. 

— Arthur  H.  Johnson,  for  two  years  manager  of  the 
Riker-Jaynes  store  at  Lowell,  Mass.,  has  been  transferred  to 
Boston  and  has  become  manager  of  the  firm's  store  at  129 
Summer  street. 

— Miss  Jennie  H.  Sumner,  Ph.G.,  the  popular  w-oman 
pharmacist  of  West  Roxbury,  Mass.,  has  been  elected  to  mem- 
bership in  the  college  corporation  of  the  Massachusetts  College 
of  Pharmacy. 

— Walter  Barth,  a  popular  young  druggist  w^ith  the  Keen- 
Norris  Drug  Co.,  of  Fairfield,  III.,  has  taken  a  position  as 
traveling  salesman  with  the  John  T.  Millikin  Chemical  Co., 
of  St.  Louis. 

— Frank  J.  Butler,  of  Pontiac,  was  appointed  a  member 
of  the  Illinois  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  Jan.  3,  by  Governor 
Dunne,  to  succeed  James  P.  Crowley,  of  Chicago,  whose  term 
expired. 

— E.  P.  Ferguson,  general  New  York  State  representative 
of  Sharp  &  Dohme,  reports  the  business  done  by  his  division 
for  1913  was  quite  satisfactory  as  compared  with  previous 
years. 

— Hon.  William  J.  Bullock,  of  New  Bedford,  is  agitating 
the  establishment  of  a  municipal  ice  plant  for  his  city,  and 
for  that  pmrpose  has  filed  a  petition  with  the  Legislature. 

— Philip  M.  Jacobus,  one  of  the  pioneer  druggists  of  La 
Crosse,  Wis.,  retired  from  active  business  Jan.  3.  He  had  been 
located  for  many  years  at  529  Main  street. 

^Frederick  P.  Schwaemmie,  at  one  time  a  retail  drug- 
gist in  business  in  Philadelphia,  has  joined  the  sales  forces  of 
the  Drug  Products  Co.,  of  New  York. 

— 0.  P.  Meyer,  of  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  recently  under- 
went an  operation  at  a  St.  Louis  hospital,  and  at  last  report 
at  his  offices  was  recovering  rapidly. 

— W.  J.  Maresh,  of  the  Lambert  Pharmacal  Co.,  St.  Louis, 
and  Miss  Mary  Wendell,  a  popular  yoimg  woman  of  Clayton, 
Mo.,  were  married  recently. 

— Robert  J.  Martin,  a  traveling  man  for  the  Witte  Drug 
Co.,  Burlington,  la.,  was  married  recently  to  Jeannette  Jansen, 
of  West  Point,  Iowa. 

— George  J.  Whelan,  who  recently  purchased  control  of 
the  Riker-Hegeman  stores,  has  gone  to  Europe  for  his  annual 
Winter  vacation. 

— Walter  Rudy,  a  pharmacist  at  Mount  Airy,  Md.,  who 
was  for  many  years  postmaster  at  that  place,  has  given  place 
to  a  Democrat. 

— Charles  F.  Cutler,  president  of  the  Eastern  Drug  Co., 
has  been  elected  a  director  of  the  Commercial  National  Bank 
of  Boston. 

— Louis  K.  Liggett,  president  of  the  United  Drug  Co., 
has  been  elected  a  director  of  the  American  Trust  Company 
of  Boston. 

— John  Fulton,  Jr.,  has  taken  charge  of  the  drug  de- 
partment of  Theo.  M.  Stephan,  of  William  street,  New  Y'ork 
City. 

— F.  A.  TJpsher  Smith  has  opened  for  business  the  drug 
store  in  Rice  street,  St.  Paul,  known  as  the  Haase  place. 


66 


THE    PHARJLVCEUTICAL    ERA 


[February,  1914 


Drug  Club   Unveils  Memorial  Tablet  to 
the  Late  Thomas  P.  Cook. 


Old-time  Friends  of  Late  Thomas  P.  Cook  Attend  Ceremony — 
J.  A'.  Peters  and  C.   G.  Stone  Speak. 

THE  Board  of  Governors  of  the  New  York  Drug  and 
Chemical  Club,  on  Tuesday  afternoon,  Jan.  13,  unveiled 
with  appropriate  ceremony  a  bronze  tablet  as  a  memorial 
to  the  late  Thomas  Penrose  Cook,  a  member  of  that  organi- 
zation for  IS  years.  The  tablet  is  in  the  reading  room  of  the 
Club,  at  100  William  street.  ■'  The  ceremonies  were  simple. 
President  Clement  E.  Gardner  stated  the  object  of  the  memo- 
rial and  then  called  on  John  N.  Peters  for  a  few  remarks.  The 
latter  spoke  of  the  deceased's  interests  in  affairs  leading  up 
to  the  formation  of  the  club.  Mr.  Cook,  not,  however,  having 
been  one  of  the  founders.  Clarence  G.  Stone,  the  only  other 
speaker,  asserted  that  he  considered  himself  highly  honoreil  to 
speak  on  such  an  occasion,  as  he  thought  himself  one  of  Mr. 
Cook's  oldest  acquaintances.  He  referred  with  feeling  to  tlie 
latter's  great  unselfishness  and  his  willingness  to  be  helpful 
to  others. 

Mr.  Stone  first  met  Mr.  Cook  at  the  meeting  of  the  Amer- 
ican Medical  .Association  at  St.  Paul  in  1S82.  Mr.  Cook  then 
represented  Powers  &  Weightmann  and  was  in  charge  of  an 
exhibit,  ilr.  Stone  found  him  lending  his  hammers,  nails  and 
saw  to  everybody.  With  his  exhibit  stock  he  had  packed  a 
hand  truck  and  shipped  it  all  the  way  from  Philadelphia. 
This  truck  was  also  used  by  all.  The  speaker  used  the  figure 
that  during  the  30  odd  years  since  that  first  meeting  the 
deceased  loaned  his  friends  a  truck  run  on  wheels  of  human 
kindness — he  had  even  rolled  it  himself  in  his  effort  to  help 
carry  the  burdens  of  others. 

Mr.  Cook  had  been  left  an  orphan  at  the  age  of  si.K  years 
and  had  obtained  his  first  instruction  in  business  from  his 
grandfather.  Contemplation  of  his  business  career  justifies  the 
conclusion  that  he  had  had  the  "right  stuff"  in  him.  The 
speaker  and  the  deceased  had  served  on  the  arrangement  and 
entertainment  committee  of  the  X.W.D.A.  for  18  consecutive 
years,  a  long  enough  period  in  which  to  gauge  a  man's  char- 
acter. Thirty  years  ago,  at  the  June  7,  1833,  meeting  of  the 
A.M. A.  meeting,  at  Cleveland.  Mr.  Cook  was  again  in  charge 
of  an  exhibit  for  his  house.  Mr.  Stone  had  secured  a  small 
notebook  from  one  of  the  e.xhibitors.  This  he  took  about  the 
convention  hall  and  had  many  of  his  friends  write  their  auto- 
graphs therein.     On  the  first  page  appears : 


"Your   friend   always. 

T.   P.    Cook, 

6/7/'83." 


This  little  expression  was  typical  of  the  man's  friendship. 
Mr.  Stone  concluded  by  observing  that  the  little  tablet  was 
beautiful  and  complete,  but  had  his  aid  been  sought  in  con- 
nection with  its  erection,  he  would  have  suggested  this  little 
entry  as  a  particularly  applicable  sentiment  for  an  inscription 
in  memoriam. 

When  the  speaker  had  concluded,  those  present,  50  or  more, 
including  many  of  Mr.  Cook's  old-time  friends,  gathered  about 
the  tablet  and  read  the  inscription.    It  is  as  follows : 


THIS    TABLET 

IS    PLACED    HERE    AS    A    TRIBUTE 

TO    THE    MEMORY    OF 

THO>LAS    PEN-ROSE     COOK 

W-HO    DIED    JANUARY    7    1913 

IN  RECOGNITION  OF  HIS  STERLING 
CHARACTER  HIS  GENIAL  PERSONALITY 
AND  HIS  tnw-SELPISH  SERVICES  TO  HIS 
CLUB  DLTUNG  HIS  EIGHTEEN  YEARS 
OF    MEMBERSHIP  .  .  - 


MISS  AGNES   QTJINLAN. 


The  first  woman  to  become  a  registered  pharmacist  in  the 
State  of  Vermont,  Miss  Agnes  Quin- 
lan,  of  Bennington,  is  dead  after  a  two 
weeks'  illness  with  pneumonia.  She  was 
26  years  old  and  was  born  in  Troy.  As 
a  mere  girl  she  attended  the  Albany 
College  of  Pharmacy,  from  which  she  . 
was  graduated  at  the  age  of  17.  The  i 
same  year  she  took  the  State  Board  ex-  l 
an]inations  for  registration  in  Vermont 
and  [lassed  successfully,  later  taking  the 
Massachusetts  examination.  She  was  a 
member  of  the  Vermont  State  Ph.A., 
and  was  the  first  vice-president  of  that 
organization  in  1911.  She  was  a  general 
favorite  in  Bennington,  particularly  in 
church  circles,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  Ladies'  Sodality  of  St.  Francis  de 
Sales   Church,  Bennington.     Her  father, 


Miss  Quinlan 


two  sisters  and  a  brother  survive  her. 


Dr.  H.  I.  Johnson. 
Dr.  Horace  Irving  Johnson,  for  28  years  one  of  the  most 
eminent  pharmacists  of  Waltham,  died  at  his  home  in  that  city 
Jan.  18.  He  lacked  one  month  of  being  65  years  of  age.  Dr. 
Johnson  was  a  native  of  Chelmsford,  Mass.,  and  afterward 
lived  in  JIanchester,  N.  H.,  but  nearly  half  his  life  had  been 
spent  in  Waltham.  Dr.  Johnson  was  held  in  the  highest 
esteem  by  physicians  of  his  vicinity,  and  they  universally  con- 
sidered him  a  thorough  expert  in  all  problems  of  pharmacy. 
Dr.  Johnson  was  also  a  collector  of  antiques,  and  his  home 
on  Lyman  street  was  well  filled  with  rare  specimens.  In  still 
another  field  he  was  recognized  as  an  expert,  and  that  was  in 
geology.  His  collection  of  minerals  and  stones  was  ranked  in 
this  part  of  the  country  with  that  at  Harvard  University.  Dr. 
Johnson  gave  personal  attention  to  every  detail  of  his  business, 
and  nothing  pleased  him  more  than  to  set  up  and  print  the 
labels  for  all  the  bottles  and  boxes  used  in  his  business.  He 
leaves  a  wife  and  a  son,  Horace  I.   Johnson,   Jr.,   a  student. 


Robert  F.   Amend. 

Robert  F.  .Amend,  treasurer  and  director  of  the  firm  of 
Eimer  &  Amend,  wholesale  druggists,  and  a  son  of  the  late 
Bernhard  G.  .Amend,  one  of  the  founders  of  the  house,  is 
dead  at  the  age  of  51.  Paralysis  was  the  cause  of  his  demise. 
He  was  born  in  Xew  York  City,  educated  in  the  public  schools 
and  in  the  College  of  the  City  of  New  York,  and  was  gradu- 
ated from  that  institution  in  the  early  eighties.  He  later 
entered  the  business  which  his  father  had  established,  acting 
as  the  cashier  as  long  as  it  remained  a  partnership,  and 
then  becoming  treasurer  at  the  time  of  incorporation.  About 
five  years  ago  an  attack  of  paralysis  forced  him  to  retire  from 
active  participation  in  business  and  from  club  and  social  life. 
He  was,  however,  vice-president  of  the  German  Exchange 
Bank,  and  treasurer  of  Eimer  &  .Amend  up  till  his  death. 
He  leaves  a  widow  and  one  daughter. 


St.  Louis  Salesman  Killed. 
George  ^\'inte^er,  47,  a  salesman  for  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co., 
St.  Louis,  was  killed  in  an  automobile  accident,  in  which  his 
roadster  ran  off  the  road  and  overturned  in  a  three-foot  ditch, 
on  the  Denny  road  near  St.  Louis.  Mr.  Winterer  lived  at  3109 
Keokuk  street,  and  leaves  a  widow  and  two  sons,  Charles,  20 
years  old,  and  Herbert,  seven.  Dr.  Freeland  J.  Dunn,  who 
was  in  the  auto  on  Winterer's  drive  to  Glencoe  on  business, 
was  pinioned  under  it,  and  when  taken  out  by  passing  auto- 
moboli.5ts,  was  so  dazed  that  he  suddenly  disappeared.  When 
he  finally  reached  his  home  in  St.  Louis  he  had  only  a  faint 
recollection  of  the  accident.  He  said  he  had  a  vague  recollec- 
tion of  having  crossed  a  field,  after  the  accident,  and  of  an 
attack  on  him  by  two  dogs  which  bit  him  three  times  on  the 
ankles.     When  he  regained  his  bearings  he  cauterized  the  bites. 


Februakt,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


67 


Dr.  Joseph  H.  Schenck. 
Dr.  Joseph  Howard  Schenck,  the  son  of  the  late  Dr.  Joseph 
H.  Schenck,  founder  of  the  proprietary  medicine  business  of 
J.  H.  Schenck  &  Son,  of  Philadelphia,  is  dead  following  an 
attack  of  apoplexy.  He  was  ill  but  a  few  hours.  He  was  66 
years  old  on  Christmas  day.  His  only  son,  Joseph  H.  Schenck, 
Jr.,  is  a  member  of  the  firm.  Dr.  Schenck  was  a  native  of 
Philadelphia,  a  graduate  of  Jefferson  Medical  College,  and 
almost  immediately  after  graduation  in  1875  entered  his  father's 
business  to  which  he  was  later  admitted  as  a  partner,  suc- 
ceeding to  the  presidency  and  control  following  the  death  of 
his  father.  He  was  active  in  church  work  and  was  a  member 
of  many  organizations,  civic  and  fraternal. 


many,  Dec.  2,   1840,  and  came  to  Brooklyn  when  20  years  old. 
He  leaves  a  widow  and  one  son,  Hans  C.  Kleemann. 


Frank  W.  Colby. 
Frank  W.  Colby,  50,  one  of  the  best-known  pharmaceutical 
chemists  in  New  England,  a  native  of  Haverhill,  Mass.,  and  a 
lifelong  resident  of  the  Bradford  district,  died  very  suddenly 
while  at  work.  He  served  his  apprenticeship  as  a  druggist 
under  George  B.  Holden,  and  then  entered  the  Massachusetts 
College  of  Pharmacy,  by  which  he  was  given  a  degree.  Later 
in  partnership  with  his  brother,  the  late  Ethan  L.  Colby,  he 
opened  the  Colby  Bros,  pharmacy  in  the  Bradford  district. 
Later  he  was  made  manager  of  the  Parker  Chemical  Co.  at 
Ballardville,  his  ability  as  a  pharmaceutical  chemist  having 
been  recognized  by  drug  men. 


Samuel  A.  Fisher. 
After  a  short  illness  from  acute  indigestion,  Samuel  Allen 
Fisher,  general  manager  of  the  Mooney-Mueller  Drug  Co., 
wholesale  druggists,  Indianapolis,  died  at  his  home,  2511  Cen- 
tral avenue,  in  that  city.  Mr.  Fisher  was  49  years  old  and  had 
been  with  the  Mooney-Mueller  Drug  Co.  12  years,  five  years  as 
a  traveling  salesman  and  for  the  last  seven  years  as  general 
manager.  Prior  to  his  connection  with  this  concern  he  was 
employed  by  the  Indianapolis  Drug  Co.  At  one  time  he  was 
president  of  the  Commercial  Travelers'  Association  of  Indiana. 
Mr.  Fisher  is  survived  by  a  widow. 


Jeremiah  Weber. 

Jeremiah  Weber,  one  of  the  oldest  druggists  in  Philadelphia, 
died  recently  at  his  home,  2954  Richmond  street,  where  for 
more  than  half  a  century  he  had  conducted  a  drug  store.  For 
six  months  his  health  had  been  failing,  death  being  hastened 
by  a  stroke  of  paralysis.  Mr.  Weber  entered  the  drug  busi- 
ness as  a  boy.  He  was  a  lifelong  Democrat  and  had  for  many 
years  expressed  the  desire  to  live  until  a  Democratic  president 
should  occupy  the  White  House.  Since  the  election  of  Presi- 
■  dent  Wilson  he  had  often  said  before  witnesses  that  "he  was 
ready  to  die." 


Welling-ton  Morehouse. 

Wellington  Morehouse,  a  familiar  figure  in  the  drug  trade 
for  a  half  century,  the  duration  of  his  service  with  the  drug 
brokerage  firm  of  James  H.  Taft  &  Co.,  100  William  street. 
New  York,  died  Jan.  1.  at  the  age  of  67.  He  was  in  his  usual 
good  health  until  Christmas,  when  he  contracted  pneumonia, 
from  which  he  died.  He  leaves  a  widow,  three  sons  and  two 
daughters. 


Gilbert  J.  McArthur. 
Gilbert  J.  McArthur,  who  was  engaged  in  the  drug  business 
in  Boston  and  Maiden,  Mass.,  for  many  years,  died  Jan.  1 
after  a  brief  illness.  He  was  53  years  of  age,  a  native  of 
Vermont,  and  had  resided  in  Maiden  28  years.  For  12  years 
he  was  employed  by  the  old  Boston  drug  firm  of  Thomas 
HoUis  in  Union  street,  and  later  purchased  a  business  in 
Maiden. 


William  I.  Dohme. 
William  I.  Dohme,  a  nephew  of  Louis  Dohme,  of  Sharp  & 
Dohme,  Baltimore,  although  he  himself  was  never  connected  with 
that  firm,  died  recently  at  his  home  at  Patchogue,  L.  I.,  where 
he  had  retired  after  selling  his  retail  drug  business  in  Mont- 
clair,  N.  J.,  about  two  years  ago.     He  was  42  years  of  age. 


OTHER    RECENT    DEATHS. 


Carl  J.   Kleemann. 

Carl  J.  Kleemann,  for  45  years  a  druggist  in  Brooklyn,  and 
for  20  years  in  business  in  Court  street,  near  Baltic,  died 
recently  in  his  73d  year.     He  was  born  in  Mecklenburg,  Ger- 


— Charles  Naylor,  chemist  of  the  C.  I.  Hood  Co.,  at 
Lowell,  Mass.,  died  suddenly  recently  while  returning  from 
the  Lowell  Textile  School  where  he  was  engaged  in  special 
work  in  the  evening  courses.  He  at  one  time  owned  and 
conducted  his  own  store,  but  sold  out  to  enter  the  Hood 
laboratory.  He  had  full  charge  of  the  preparation  of  the 
many  Hood  specialties  until  his  death,  with  the  exception  of 
a  brief  period  when  he  went  abroad  as  a  special  representative 
of  the  firm. 

— John  H.  Cronin,  a  prominent  druggist  of  Lawrence, 
Mass.,  died  suddenly  Jan.  8.  He  was  a  native  of  Maiden, 
Mass.,  and  was  about  50  years  old  at  the  time  of  his  death. 
He  first  entered  the  employ  of  the  late  Charles  H.  Beedle,  a 
Broadway  (Lawrence)  druggist,  but  since  1889  had  been 
located  for  himself  at  the  corner  of  Broadway  and  Cedar 
street. 

— Mrs.  Bertha  Krembs,  long  a  resident  of  Milwaukee  and 
the  mother  of  Ernest  M.  Krembs,  Jr.,  and  Max  Krembs,  two 
well-known  druggists  of  that  city,  died  recently  at  the  Hanover 
hospital,  following  an  operation.  Mrs.  Krembs  was  born  in 
Cedarburg,  Wis.,  Dec.  23,  1849.  She  leaves  three  daughters 
and  three  sons. 

— Charles  A.  Sieplein,  42,  proprietor  of  the  Sieplein  Drug 
Co.  store  in  the  Rose  building,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  is  dead  after 
a  four-months'  illness  with  anemia.  Previous  to  his  con- 
nection with  the  drug  company  bearing  his  name  he  was  with 
the   Opera   House   pharmacy   and   the   Mayell-Hopp   Drug   Co. 

— Charles  Ferger,  Jr.,  died  at  his  home,  131  West  11th 
street,  Indianapolis,  recently,  after  a  few  days'  illness  from 
pneumonia.  He  was  identified  with  his  brother,  Edward 
Ferger,  in  a  retail  drug  business  embracing  several  stores. 
Mr.  Ferger  was  42  years  old  and  unmarried. 

— George  E.  Blodgett,  former  chief  of  police  of  Hancock, 
Mich.,  both  a  druggist  in  Hancock  and  the  pharmacist  at 
the  Marquette  prison,  is  dead  after  an  illness  of  a  little  more 
than  a  week. 

— George  L.  Galbraith,  vice-president  of  the  Coronet 
Phosphate  Co.,  99  John  street,  died  recently  at  his  home  on 
Riverside  Drive,  after  an  illness  of  a  fortnight.  He  was  47 
years  of  age. 

— Peter  Ludwig,  a  young  druggist  of  Vail,  Iowa,  com- 
mitted suicide  by  drinking  poison  Jan.  7.  Since  the  death  of 
his  wife  last  October,  Mr.  Ludwig  had  been  subject  to  de- 
spondency. 

— Robert  Repass,  of  Dexter,  Iowa,  druggist,  was  found 
dead  on  the  floor  of  the  back  room  of  the  store  in  which  he 
was  employed,  the  young  man  having  drunk  carbolic  acid  by 
mistake. 

— Xi,  C.  Shepard,  64,  formerly  a  druggist  in  Potsdam, 
Parishville  and  Nichollville,  N.  Y.,  died  in  Somerville,  Mass., 
on  Jan.  10.     He  located  in  Massachusetts  several  years  ago. 

— William  Marx,  who  was  associated  with  his  uncle  in 
the  firm  of  Marx  &  Rawolle,  manufacturers  of  glycerin,  at 
Red  Hook  Point,  N.  Y.,  is  dead  after  a  long  illness. 

— Dr.  Augustus  Esenwein,  the  oldest  and  perhaps  the 
best-known  pharmacist  in  Reading,  Pa.,  is  dead  in  his  80th 
year.     He  was  well  known  as  a  charitable  worker. 

. — James  A.  Stuart,  formerly  a  druggist  at  Wheeling,  W. 
Va.,  and  a  former  resident  of  Paris,  Ky.,  is  dead  from  heart 
failure.     He  was   72  years  of  age. 

— Albert  Barr  Clark,  a  druggist  at  Galesburg,  III.,  for  the 
past  44  years,  died  recently.  He  was  a  graduate  of  the  Phila- 
delphia College  of  Pharmacy. 

— Thomas  Mays,  owner  of  a  drug  store  at  Middletown, 
Pa.,  committed  suicide  recently.  He  had  removed  from  Re- 
novo,  Pa.,   15  months  ago. 

— James  W.  Sterry,  formerly  of  the  firm  of  Weaver  & 
Sterry,  wholesale  druggists,  of  New  York  City,  died  at 
Metuchen,  N.   J.,   Jan.  3. 

— ^George  F.  Jung,  for  40  years  a  druggist  in  Williams- 
burg,  died   in  December   at  his  home   in   Union   Course,   L.  I. 


68 


THE   PHAKIIACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1911 


—Thomas  F.  Dwyer,  for  25  years  engaged  in  the  retail 
drug  business  at  Arabia,  Ind.,  died  at  his  home  recently  from 
dropsy. 

— Frank  A.  Wheeler,  6S,  proprietor  of  the  Waukesha 
Soda  Water  Co.,  Waukesha,  Wis.,  died  recently  of  heart 
failure. 

—Charles  W.  Curtis,  53,  for  many  years  bookkeeper  for 
W.  E.  .\rmstrong  S:  Co.,  Richmond,  \'a.,  is  dead  after  a  short 
illness. 

—Charles  Favreau,  62  years  11  months,  is  dead  at  Marl- 
boro, Mass.  For  25  years  he  was  in  the  drug  business  in  that 
town. 

— Fridolin  Streit,  40,  a  druggist  of  Houston,  Tex.,  and 
for  many  years  in  business  at  Belleville,  is  dead. 

— Dr.  G.  A.  Holstem,  who  conducted  a  drug  store  at 
Ridgefield  Park,  X.  J.,  died  on  Jan.  11. 

— Isaac  N.  Hughes,  72,  who  for  30  years  conducted  a 
drug  store  in  Canonsburg,  Pa.,  is  dead. 

— Horatio  Abbey,  pioneer  merchant  and  druggist  of 
Kirkwood,  111.,  is  dead  from  diabetes. 

— "W.  R.  Koeneman,  druggist,  Beaman,  Iowa. 


News  from  Associations 


National  Drug  Trades  Conferance. 

Immediate  Passage  of  So-called  Harrison  Bill  for  the  Control 
of  the  Importation  and  Sale  of  Narcotic  Drugs  Urged — 
Postal  Amendments,  Bichloride  of  Mercury  Sales  Control, 
and  Other  Topics  Considered  at  Recent  Sessions  at 
Washington,  D.  C. 

FOR  three  days  during  the  week  of  Jan.  16  sessions  were 
held  at  Washington  of  the  National  Drug  Trades  Con- 
ference   of    delegates    from    the    A.Ph..\.,    N.A.R.D., 
N.W.D.A.,  A.A.Ph.C,  N.A.M.M.P.     Dr.  Martin  I.  Wil- 
bert.  Dr.  Woodward,  health  officer  of  the  city  of  Washington, 
ard  Chas.  J.  Lynn  were  given  the  privileges  of  the  floor. 

By  resolution,  the  conference  urged  upon  the  newspapers  the 
propriety  of  omitting  the  names  of  poisons  used  in  suicides 
and  murders;  recommended  the  postponement  of  legal  action 
in  regard  to  the  control  of  the  sale  of  bichloride  of  mercury 
until  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  and  National  Formulary 
committee  shall  have  reported;  and,  further,  by  resolution, 
offered  the  following  change  in  paragraph  5  of  section  472  of 
the  postal  regulations: 

Poisonous  substances  intended  for  internal  or  medic- 
inal administration,  when  packed  in  metal  containers, 
bearing   the   address   of   the  sender,    together   with   a 
label  bearing  the  word  "poison,"  may  be  admitted  to 
the  mails  under  first-class  postage  rates. 
The   "registered    price  act,"   so-called,    was   considered,    but 
the  Conference  deemed   it  wiser  simply  to  go  on  record  as  in 
favor  of  the  principle  of  price  maintenance,  the  general  topic 
being  referred   to  the  executive  committee.     Treasury  decision 
33456  relating  to  shipments  of  cocaine  in  interstate  traffic  was 
also  referred  to  the  executive  committee. 
The  following  officers  were  elected: 

President,  John  C.  Wallace,  New  Castle,  Pa.;  1st  vice- 
president,  Charles  A.  West,  Boston ;  2d  vice-president,  W.  C. 
Abbott,  Chicago;  3d  vice-president,  Charles  F.  Nixon,  Leo- 
minster, Mass.;  executive  committee.  James  H.  Beal,  Scio, 
Ohio;  James  F.  Finneran,  Boston,  Mass.;  R.  C.  Stofer,  Nor- 
wich, N.  Y.;  C.  M.  Kline,  Philadelphia;  A.  R.  L.  Dohme, 
Baltimore. 

Considerable  attention  was  devoted  to  the  consideration  of 
the  Harrison  anti-narcotic  bill,  and  with  the  adoption  of  a 
number  of  minor  changes  the  bill  was  recommended  for  enact- 
ment as  promptly  as  possible.  These  changes  were  substitutions 
of  the  word  "dispensing"  for  the  word  "administration"  in 
several  instances  deleting  the  word  "registered  under  this 
act",  from  sub-section  a  of  section  2  of  the  act.  In  sub- 
section b  the  word  "pharmacbt"  wherever  it  occurs  was  changed 
to  the  word  "dealer."  A  proposition  to  make  the  following 
amendment   to   sub-section   a   of   section   2   was   voted   down. 


despite   the  advocacy  of  the  change  by   Frank   H.   Freericks: 
" —  (a)  to  the  administration  of  any  of  the  afore- 
said drugs  to  the  patient  by  or  under  the  supervision 
of    a    physician,    dentist    or   veterinary   surgeon    regis- 
tered under  this  act  in  tlie  course  of  his  professional 
practice  only.     Provided,  however,  that  the  physician, 
dentist   or   veterinary  surgeon  shall   personally  attend 
upon  such  patient." 
Several  other  changes  were  also  voted  down,   and   the  sec- 
tion was  allowed  to  stand  as  originally  quoted  in  the   bill. 

The  Conference  then  considered  a  number  of  bills  before 
Congress  referring  the  majority  to  the  executive  committee  for 
consideration  and  report. 

While  in  Washington  many  members  of  the  Conference 
called  upon  the  members  of  the  sub-committee  of  the  Senate 
Finance  Committee  to  discuss  with  them  the  details  of  the 
Harrison  anti-narcotic  bill,  and  also  upon  Secretary  of  State 
Bryan  in  the  interests  of  this  legislation. 


NEW  YORK  BRANCH  OF  N.A.R.D.  ORGANIZED. 


R.    M.    McCutchen    First    President — J.    H.    Rehfuss 
Temporary  Chairman — Finneran  Advises  Members. 

ANEW  YORK  branch  of  the  National  .-Association  of 
Retail  Druggists,  as  yet  uimamed,  was  organized  at  the 
New  York  College  of  Pharmacy  on  Jan.  22,  Jacob  H. 
Rehfuss,  president  of  the  N.Y.S.P..^.,  officiating  as  temporary 
chairman.  Mr.  Rehfuss  appointed  a  nominating  committee, 
consisting  of  Peter  Diamond,  R.  M.  McCutchen  and  Dr.  Wm. 
C.  Anderson.  He  also  named  Felix  Hirseman,  but  the  latter 
declined  the  honor,  pointing  out  that  he  was  not  eligible. 
While  this  committee  prepared  its  report,  Mr.  Rehfuss  ex- 
plained in  brief  the  purpose  of  the  meeting  and  the  probable 
scope  of  the  proposed  organization.  The  following  officers 
were  unanimously  elected: 

President,  R.  M.  McCutchen;  1st  vice-president,  Jacob  H. 
Rehfuss ;  2d  vice-president,  A.  Klingmann ;  secretary-treasurer, 
Louis  Berger. 

Mr.  Klingmann  was  first  nominated  for  president,  but  posi- 
tively declined,  despite  the  urgent  persuasion  of  Mr.  Rehfuss 
and  others.  Mr.  McCutchen  would  have  preferred  to 
eliminate  himself  as  official  material,  but  the  members  had 
learned  how  to  voice  their  protests  by  this  time  and  wouldn't 
hear  of  any  such  action. 

Peter  Diamond,  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  Alexander  Gardner, 
Robert  S.  Lehman  and  Harry  Schlesinger  were  elected  members 
of  the  committee  on  by-laws  and  constitution.  This  committee 
will  also  decide  upon  a  name  for  the  organization. 

President  James  F.  Finneran,  of  the  parent  body,  was  the 
first  of  se^'eral  out-of-town  organization  speakers  to  enlarge 
upon  the  benefits  of  a  local  branch.  He  suggested  that  com- 
mittees be  appointed  to  work  on  pressing  local  problems.  In 
Boston,  his  own  city,  a  telephone  committee  had  done  good 
work.  Perhaps  a  similar  committee  could  accomplish  some- 
thing in  New  York  City.  To  succeed,  a  'phone  committee 
must  be  persistent.  A  committee  on  fraternal  relations  is  an 
essential.  The  branch,  too,  should  hold  meetings  once  a  month 
for  the  next  four  to  six  months — until  the  members  get  better 
acquainted  w^ith  one  another.  There  should  also  be  an  execu- 
tive committee,  the  personnel  of  which  should  be  representative 
of  the  many  different  centers  of  this  city.  Although  all  are 
not  agreed,  a  nominating  committee  is  a  splendid  thing  for  any 
organization,  and  Mr.  Finneran  had  never  yet  found  any  fault 
with  such  an  official  body.  A  nomination  committee  might 
have  gotten  Mr.  Klingmann  to  have  served  as  chairman.  A 
nomination  committee  can  often  persuade  men  to  sen-e  who 
from  being  at  first  reluctant  to  go  to  the  front  later  develop 
latent  intelligence  and  ability  which  they  were  unaware  they 
possessed. 

President  Finneran  quoted  Mrs.  Emma  Gary  Wallace  in  pro- 
pounding a  reply  to  the  question  often  flung  at  him — what  did 
he  get  out  of  all  of  his  organization  work?  His  answer  was: 
"What  do  I  put  into  the  organization?"  The  speaker  asserted 
that  there  was  a  necessity  for  a  large  National  association  of 
retail  pharmacists.  He  did  not  believe  that  such  men  as 
Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson  shoufd  be  cut  out  of  this  organization. 
The  executive  committee,  he  said,  would  bring  in  a  report  to 
the  effect  that  these  men  will  not  be  barred.  On  his  way  from 
the  Drug  Trade  Conference  at  Washington  Mr.  Finneran  had 


February,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


69 


stopped  at  Philadelphia.  "The  boys  in  Philadelphia  will  make 
the  convention  a  big  success,"  he  asserted. 

Speaking  on  the  subject  of  propaganda,  Mr.  Finneran  said 
he  did  not  care  how  many  detail  men  an  organization  had  out, 
its  members  would  not  get  official  prescriptions  unless  they  were 
prepared  to  fill  them.  "You  must  talk  U.S. P.  to  your  phy- 
sicians." Mr.  Finneran  said  that  Professor  Nixon,  the  next 
speaker,  got  all  the  prescriptions  in  his  town  calling  for  a 
certain  N .  F.  formula,  because  the  physicians  thought  it  was 
"Nixon's  formula."  "The  druggists  must  co-operate  with  the 
detail  man,  so  that  the  doctors  will  know  you  are  'one  of 
them.' " 

In  introducing  Professor  Chas.  F.  Nixon,  Mr.  Finneran  told 
a  humorous  story  about  how  the  "druggist-farmer"  had  gone  in 
for  potatoes  in  his  garden  at  Leominster,  Mass.,  and  had,  at 
much  expense  and  with  great  care,  succeeded  in  raising  a 
bounteous  crop  only  to  discover  that  the  market  was  surfeited 
with  the  tubers.  According  to  Mr.  Finneran,  Professor  Nixon 
got  35  cents  per  bushel  for  potatoes  which  cost  $1  per  bushel 
to  grow. 

Professor  Nixon  alleged  that  he  invested  what  he  lost  on  the 
potatoes  in  prize  poultry — -that,  however,  is  another  story.  The 
speaker  told  how  the  retail  trade  had  discovered  some  time 
ago  that  it  had  to  take  a  part  in  National  legislation.  He 
alluded  to  the  recent  conference  at  Washington  of  five  National 
organizations  and  elaborated  on  its  work  on  the  Harrison  bill. 
Three  N.A.R.D.  delegates  now  object  to  the  exemption  of 
dispensing  physicians  from  making  records  such  as  are  re- 
quired of  the  retail  pharmacist.  "In  Boston,"  said  Professor 
Nixon,  "the  larger  part  of  the  improper  distribution  of  nar- 
cotics is  done  by  the  physicians.  The  contention  of  the  retail 
pharmacists  is  that  if  the  physician  is  performing  the  functions 
of  a  pharmacist,  he  should  make  the  same  records  required  of 
a  pharmacist."  The  N.A.R.D.  delegates  also  asked  that  the 
word  "administered"  be  substituted  for  "dispense  or  distribute" 
in  the  provision  now  exempting  the  dispei^sing  physician. 
"The  dispensing  physicians  and  their  sources  of  supply  will 
do  all  they  can  to  oppose  the  bill." 

Professor  Nixon  reported  that  under  the  bill,  previous  to  the 
conference,  a  written  order  would  not  have  been  required  of 
registered  practitioners — "registered  under  this  act."  "How  can 
the  pharmacist  tell  this?"  Violation  incurs  a  penalty  of  $2000 
fine  and- imprisonment.  The  objectionable  phrase  was  elimina- 
ted. The  imposition  of  a  revenue  tax  on  physicians  and  phar- 
macists providing  for  different  rights  was  unconstitutional. 
The  bill  was  changed  so  that  "a  dealer"  is  substituted  for  "a 
pharmacist."  Professor  Nixon  still  believes  that  in  this  direc- 
tion the  bill  is  unconstitutional.  The  physician  administers 
and  the  pharmacist  dispenses.  The  speaker  concluded  by  ask- 
ing the  members  to  get  the  influence  of  their  Congressmen 
behind  the  measure — "shape  their  sentiment  on  the  bills  which 
are  coming  up." 

Fred  A.  Hubbard,  of  Newton,  Mass.,  .had  but  one  criticism 
to  make  of  the  National  Drug  Trade  Conference.  There  is 
no  opening  for  pharmacists  from  all  the  States — the  organi- 
zation is  the  right  idea,  but  the  State  organizations  should  be 
invited  to  be  represented  and  take  part  in  the  discussion. 
"The  conference  will  shape  legislation,  but  the  retail  trade 
should  get  together  on  what  it  wants  and  then  go  forward 
without  any  divided  opinion.  The  time  is  ripe  when  all  the 
retail  druggists  in  the  country  should  get  together  to  obtain 
needed  legislation.  The  anti-narcotic  legislation  is  only  the 
beginning." 

J.  Leyden  White,  of  Washington,  D.  C,  gave  a  rousing  talk 
on  price  protection.  "Price  maintenance,"  he  said,  "is  a 
superior  term  to  price  protection.  Price  maintenance  will  come 
under  a  new  law  within  two  years.  Every  court  victory  against 
the  public  has  been  read  between  the  lines  by  the  public.  A 
registered  price  act  is  bound  to  come."  Mr.  White  stated  that 
he  represented  both  the  N.A.R.D.  and  the  National  Hardware 
Dealers'  Association  at  the  National  Capitol.  The  latter  is 
also  a  strong  organization,  and  is  fighting  for  price  mainten- 
ance. Mr.  White  contended  that  the  retail  druggist  must  be 
broadminded  in  his  efforts  to  obtain  price  maintenance.  "No 
law  will  stand  if  it  protects  the  retailer  and  his  selling  price 
and  not  the  jobber,  wholesaler  and  manufacturer.  He  con- 
cluded by  reading  an  interesting  tentative  measure  providing 
for  the  registration  of  the  prices  of  all  patented,  copyrighted 
and  trade-marked  articles. 

The  meeting  adjourned  subject  to  call  of  the  chair. 


H.   V.   ABNY  HEADS  N.   Y.   BKANCH,   A.PH.A. 


Mrs.    St.    Claire    Kansford-Gay's   Paper   Starts   Warm 
Discussion — Revision    Committee    Is    Criticised. 

DR.  H.  V.  ARNY  was  elected  president  of  the  New  York 
branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  at 
the  January  meeting  at  the  New  York  College  of  Phar- 
macy, called  to  order  by  Clarence  O.  Bigelow.  The  other 
officers  elected  were: 

Vice-president,  John  Roemer;  secretary,  F.  L.  McCartney; 
treasurer.  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein;  chairmen  of  committees: 
Education  and  legislation.  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson;  membership, 
Jacob  Rehfuss;  progress  of  pharmacy.  Dr.  George  C.  Diek- 
man;  fraternal  relations,  Louis  Berger. 

Mrs.  St.  Claire  Ransford-Gay  presented  an  interesting  paper 
on  "The  Pharmacopoeia  and  Its  Limitations."  The  speaker 
alluded  to  the  efforts  made  by  large  manufacturing  houses  to 
keep  physicians  abreast  of  the  times  and  averred  that  phar- 
macists would  accomplish  like  results  if  they  could  only  profit 
by  a  central  U.S. P.  research  laboratory.  Physicians  want 
elegant  preparations  and  will  prescribe  to  the  exclusion  of  the 
U.S. P.  There  is  not  even  a  feeble  effort  in  the  U.S. P.  to 
offset  the  detail  man  relative  to  coal-tar  products. 

Dr.  Jacob  Diner  commiserated  upon  the  fact  that  other  pro- 
fessions profited  by  post-graduate  courses  but  that  pharmacy 
had  no  such  advantages.  "Some  say  pharmaceutical  meetings 
take  the  place  of  post-graduate  courses — maybe  they  do,  more 
or  less,  mostly  less."  Dr.  Diner  observed  that  some  pharma- 
cists had  got  so  they  regarded  the  U.S. P.  in  the  same  light 
as  the  Constitution — "you  shouldn't  speak  of  it  without  taking 
off  your  hat."  If  age  is  any  criterion,  then  some  of  the  formu- 
las are  indeed  sacred,  and  the  N.F.  is  only  less  sacred  and 
venerable. 

The  retrogression  of  pharmacy,  asserted  Dr.  Diner,  is  due 
to  the  dishonesty  of  pharmacists — not  directly — but  in  that 
they  do  not  come  out  and  own  up  to  their  own  faults.  "Would 
you  take  your  prescription  into  the  first  drug  store  you  came 
to?  No!"  The  speaker  said  of  the  pharmaceutical  associa- 
tions that  the  attending  pharmacists  were  in  a  contest  for 
office,  not  a  contest  of  brain  and  wit  as  in  former  years.  The 
pharmaceutical  journals  were  not  honest :  the  editorial  page 
too  often  had  to  sing  the  tune  of  the  advertismg  manager. 
The  pharmaceutical  journals  are  afraid  to  speak  the  absolute 
truth  about  matters  of  the  present  time:  they  have  one  eye 
to  their  advertisers.  Some  of  the  questions  the  physicians  are 
firing  at  Dr.  Diner  are:  "Can  you  say  every  pharmacist  is 
reliable?"  and  "Can  you  say  every  formula  in  the  N.F.  is 
reliable?" 

Otto  Raubenheimer,  member  of  the  Revision  Committee, 
asserted  that  "we  have  the  best  pharmacopoeia  in  the  world 
today,  and  I  am  proud  of  it.  The  next  one  will  be  better 
yet."  Mr.  Raubenheimer  did  not  believe  that  the  U.S. P. 
and  N.F.  were  behind  the  times. 

Dr.  Joseph  IMayer,  who  had  previously  tendered  the  report 
of  the  nominating  committee,  outlined  the  Kings  County 
Pharmaceutical  Society's  method  of  fighting  the  proprietary 
manufacturer  with  his  own  weapons.  "It  is  the  constant 
hammering  of  the  manufacturer's  advertising  which  sells  the 
proprietaries."  Dr.  Mayer  then  said  that  the  standard  for 
Castile  soap  which  would  be  adopted  as  official  was  worth- 
less. He  thought  that  the  Revision  Committee  had  "fired" 
out  the  recent  big  batch  of  U.S. P.  inclusions  at  one  time  in 
order  that  the  pharmaceutical  journals  could  not  find  space  to 
publish  them.     They  should  be  published  every  month. 

John  Roemer  assisted  in  firing  the  "hot  shot"  at  the  U.S.P. 
Revision  Committee.  He  asserted  that  it  was  a  vote,  not 
science,  which  determined  the  inclusion  of  articles  in  the 
U.S.P.  The  Revision  Committee  rests  on  antiquated  preju- 
dices of  100  years  ago  in  revising  the  U.S.P.  "If  you  are 
going  to  make  the  two  books  a  link  between  the  physician 
and  the  pharmacist  you  must  include  something  the  former 
wants  to  know.  True,  the  pharmacist  needs  standards.  Issue 
the  Pharmacopoeia  as  a  legalized  book  of  standards  for  drugs. 
Pharmacists  haven't  the  nerve  to  say  certain  preparations  are 
worthless;  they  will  put  them  up  as  long  as  the  physicians  pre- 
scribe them."  Mr.  Roemer  offered  a  resolution,  which  was 
adopted  by  a  majority  vote,  to  the  effect  that  the  U.S.P.  be 
made  a  book  of  standards  for  drugs  alone,  and  that  the  N.F. 
contain  compounded  preparations.  Dr.  Amy  concluded  the 
discussion  by  observing  that  many  of  the  points  upon  which 


70 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914' 


the  Revision  Committee  was  assailed  bore  directly  upon  the 
instructions  given  to  the  committee  by  the  U.S. P.  Convention. 

Upon  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein's  motion  it  was  decided  that 
the  branch  should  hold  a  joint  meeting  with  the  New  York 
County  Jledical  Societ>-  early  this  year  and  that  the  chairman 
of  the  committee  on  fraternal  relations  should  direct  his  efforts 
to  bring  this  about. 

Dr.  Diner,  as  chairman  of  the  special  committee  on  the 
Madison  Square  Gurden  drug  exposition,  reported  tliat  he 
had  advised  against  inviting  physicians  to  attend  a  joint 
meeting  in  view  of  the  nature  of  some  of  the  exhibits.  The 
branch  will  not  participate  in  any  way,  shape  or  manner. 
The  N.Y.S.P..\.  will  hold  a  propaganda  meeting  as  such,  and 
only  pharmacists  will   be   invited   to  be   present. 

Treasurer  Weinstein  reported  a  balance  on  hand  of  $48.27. 

Former  secretary  Hugh  Craig  telegraphed  his  best  wishes 
to  the  members. 


Interesting  History  of  Kaolin. 

Thomas  J.  Kcenan,  Editor  of  "Paper,"  Delivers  Paper  Before 
Kings  County  Pharmaceutical  Society — New  Official  De- 
signation in  U.S.P.  Requested. 

THOM.-VS  J.  KEENAN,  editor  of  Paper,  elaborated  upon 
"The  Interesting  History  of  Kaolin  and  lis  Uses"  at  the 
January  meeting  of  the  Kings  Coimty  Pharmaceutical 
Society,  called  to  order  by  President  H.  B.  Smith  and  held  at 
the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy.  Mr.  Keenan  related  tiie 
circumstances  of  his  first  introduction  to  that  queerly-named 
substance,  kaolin.  He  had  a  batch  of  nitrate  of  silver  pills 
to  make  and,  being  puzzled  how  to  prepare  them  without  re- 
ducing the  nitrate  to  oxide,  consulted  his  chief.  Dr.  Charles 
Rice,  who  directed  him  to  make  a  mass  with  kaolin  and 
petrolatum,  in  the  proportion  of  silver  nitrate,  50;  kaolin,  30; 
and  petrolatum,  q.s.,  to  make  100  pills. 

Since  that  time  two  revised  editions  of  the  U.S.  Pharma- 
copoeia have  made  their  appearance,  and  in  the  latest,  tfTat 
dated  1900,  which  became  official  in  September,  1905,  kaolin 
finds  a  place — not  its  use  as  an  excipient  for  chemicals  that 
react  with  organic  matter,  but  as  a  proprietary  kaolin  poultice 
placed   on   the  market  in   1893. 

Mr.  Keenan  traced  the  derivation  of  the  word  kaolin  and 
told  how  vast  beds  of  the  clay  had  been  discovered  almost 
simultaneously  in  France,  Great  Britain  and  .'\merica.  In  the 
subsequent  utilization  of  kaolin,  pharmacists  played  a  promi- 
nent part,  though  not  along  pharmaceutical  lines.  William 
Cookworthy,  a  pharmacist  of  Plymouth,  Devonshire  county, 
England,  was  probably  the  first  to  discover  deposits  of  true 
kaolin  in  Europe.  He  appears  to  have  fathomed  the  secret 
of  making  true  porcelain,  for  in  1768  he  took  out  a  patent 
on  his  invention.  The  mark  adopted  by  him  for  his  chinaware 
was  the  astronomical  figure  for  Jupiter,  resembling  the  pre- 
scription symbol  ?. 

In  France  the  kaolin  quarries  that  made  Limoges  famous 
were  the  accidental  discovery,  in  1765,  of  Mme.  Darnel,  the 
wife  of  a  surgeon.  Her  husband  took  samples  to  a  pharmacist 
at  Bordeaux,  named  Villaris,  who  recognized  the  clay  to  be 
kaolin.  This  discovery  led  to  the  establishment  of  the  remark- 
able porcelain  works  of  Limoges. 

Mr.  Keenan  pointed  out  that  the  Cherokee  Indians  were 
probably  the  pioneers  in  this  country  to  engage  in  the  mining 
of  kaolin.  A  patent  was  applied  for  in  England  in  1744  for 
the  production  of  porcelain  from  an  earthy  mixture  called 
"unaker,"  referred  to  as  "the  produce  of  the  Cherokee  Nation 
of  America." 

The  kaolin  deposits  in  Cornwall  and  Devon,  England,  are 
still  being  worked  on  a  large  scale.  In  1912  the  United 
States  imported  237,366  tons,  valued  at  .$1,541,105.  The 
American  book  paper  industry  con.sumes  upwards  of  200,000 
tons  annually.  The  total  production  of  china  clay  in  the 
United  States  for  1912  amounted  to  only  24,700  tons.  The 
method  of  quarrying  china  clay  both  in  England  and  America 
remains  a  somewhat  primitive  one.  .\t  St.  .Austell,  in  Corn- 
wall, the  mines  are  of  residual  character,  the  kaolin  being 
found  in  the  location  of  the  original  feldspar,  and  these  are 
■worked  hydraulically.  By  means  of  great  settling  tanks,  and 
a  series  of  wooden  baffles  leading  to  these  tanks,  the  kaolin 
is  graded  into  different  degrees  of  fineness  and  purity.  The 
semi-fluid  clay   is  transferred   to  drying  sheds,    furnished   with 


floors  of  hollow  tile  through  which  are  led  the  hot  gases  from 
a  coal  or  gas  furnace.     The  damp  clay  is  dumped  directly  on 
these  tile  lloors  where  it  dries  and  is  afterwards  shoveled  oft  ! 
for  shipment. 

In  the  United  States  kaolin  is  mined  in  the  foothills  of  the 
Southern  .Appalachians  in  Pennsylvania,  Delaware,  Virginia, 
Georgia,  and  in  North  and  South  Carolina.  It  occurs  with  • 
or  forms  a  part  of  a  coarse  granite,  or  pegmatite,  consisting  J 
of  feldspar  and  quartz  in  more  or  less  intimate  mixture. 
Since  the  rocky  mass  usually  contains  considerable  quanti- 
ties of  quartz  and  other  minerals,  a  deposit  rarely  averages 
more  than  40  per  cent,  pure  kaolin.  Crjstallized  kaolin — 
thin  six-sided  scales— is  of  extremely  rare  occurrence. 

The  American  deposits  of  kaolin  that  produce  the  purest 
and  most  preferred  forms  of  china  clay  are  sedimentary  in 
origin.  A  washing  machine,  sand  wheel,  sand  trough,  mica 
troughs  (the  process  being  one  of  elutrjation  and  decantation 
on  a  large  scale),  a  concentrating  tank  and  an  agitator  are 
the  paraphernalia  employed.  In  powerful  filter  presses  the 
kaolin  is  pressed  into  cakes.  The  blocks  are  dried  on  racks 
in  a  covered  building;  in  the  more  modem  American  plants 
the  kaolin  is  dried  by  steam.  The  difficulty  experienced  by 
pharmacists  in  turning  out  a  uniform  quality  of  cataplasm  can 
often  be  traced  to  a  failure  to  dry  sufficiently  the  powdered 
kaolin  before  incorporating  it  with  the  glycerin. 

Dr.  P.  G.  Unna,  of  Hamburg,  the  dermatologist,  holds  that 
the  therapeutic  action  of  cataplasma  kaolini  is  due  chiefly  to 
the  glycerin,  and  others  have  expressed  a  similar  opinion. 
Unna  contends  in  a  recent  article  that  by  increasing  the  sen- 
sible water  vapor,  the  cataplasm  causes  an  increased  flow  of 
water  to  the  superficial  tissues  and  the  serous  soaking  causes 
their  softening.  This  may  be  true,  but  he  has  apparently 
overlooked  the  property  of  adsorption  possessed  by  kaolin ;  in 
addition  to  its  extraordinary  powers  for  absorbing  water,  it 
may  be  supposed  to  have  great  selective  action  in  absorbing 
the  secretions  of  the  tissues,  normal  and  abnormal.  It  is 
well  known  that  clays  are  capable  of  removing  solid  substances 
from  solutions  with  which  they  may  be  in  contact,  certain 
bases  and  substances  being  held  so  that  they  cannot  be 
washed   out  again. 

Professor  Remington  is  right,  Mr.  Keenan  thought,  in 
suggesting  that  the  principal  difficulty  in  making  the  cataplasm 
of  kaolin  is  that  of  getting  kaolin  having  uniform  absorptive 
property.  Flack  {American  Journal  of  Pharmacy,  September, 
1906),  as  the  result  of  experiments  with  a  number  of  samples 
of  kaolin  from  reliable  sources,  established  the  fact  that  dif- 
ferent samples  of  kaolin  possess  different  absorbent  properties, 
and  he  insists  that  this  quality  of  kaolin  makes  it  imperative 
that  some  modification  as  to  the  amount  of  glycerin  used  in 
the  formula  for  cataplasm  of  kaolin  should  be  allowed. 

Kaolin  finds  other  uses  in  pharmacy  and  medicine  besides 
the  cataplasm.  These  are  touched  upon  by  Hermann  Schelenz, 
who,  however,  fails  to  distinguish  the  mineral  from  the 
argillaceous  earths.  In  failing  to  distinguish  clearly  between 
bolus  alba  and  kaolin,  Schelenz  keeps  company  with  Hager 
and  Dieterich,  and  he  has  authority  in  the  pharmacopoeias 
of  Germany,  Austria,  Belgium,  the  Netherlands,  Japan  and 
Switzerland,  in  which  kaolin  is  given  as  synonym  for  Bolus 
alba.  In  the  British,  Norwegian,  Swedish  and  our  own  phar- 
macopoeia, the  substance  is  definitely  described  under  its 
proper  name. 

Mr.  Keenan  concluded  by  suggesting  that  the  society's  dele- 
gate to  the  Pharmacopoeial  Revision  Committee  recommend 
the  adoption  of  a  correct  title  for  pure  kaolin.  Since  the  term 
kaolin  is  now  rather  loosely  applied  to  any  clay  used  in  the 
white-ware  industrj',  he  suggested  the  adoption  of  the  name 
kaolinite.  which  is  already  used  by  mineralogists  to  designate 
a  distinct  mineral  formation  consisting  of  hydrated  aluminum 
silicate  of  the  formula  HjAljSijOgHjO. 

Incorporated  as  a  resolution,  Mr.  Keenan's  recommendation 
was  unanimously  adopted  by  the  members  of  the  socie'y.  In 
the  few  introductory  remarks  previous  to  reading  his  paper, 
Mr.  Keenan  observed  that  cataplasma  kaolini  would  have  been 
thrown  out  of  the  U.S. P.  by  the  physicians  had  it  not  been 
that  their  vote  had  been  upset  by  the  pharmacists. 

Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  chairman  of  the  legislative  com- 
mittee, reported  that  the  usual  Congressional  labeling  bills 
had  come  up  and  that  the  Blauvelt  mercuric  bichloride  bill 
had  been  introduced.  Locally,  he  advised  that  the  members 
go  slow  as  the   Commissioner   of  Health   may  be  succeeded  at 


February,  1914] 


THTE    PHARIVIACEUTICAL    ERA 


71 


any  time.  President  Smith  notitied  the  members  of  the  reduc- 
tion of  from  $5  to  $2  in  the  fee  for  the  license  for  the  sale 
of  combustibles.  Dr.  Kassebaum  delivered  an  interesting  dis- 
cussion of  the  society's  propaganda  work.  T.  J.  France  re- 
ported that  a  parquet  floor  had  been  laid  in  the  alumni  room 
and  that  a  storage  room  for  laboratory  apparatus  had  been 
proposed  in  the  basement.  ilr.  Kassebaum  invited  tliose 
present  to  attend  the  dedication  exercises  in  the  alumni  room 
on  the  evening  of  January  29. 


Washington  Branch,  A.  Ph.  A. 

"Fakes"  Severely  Criticised,  and  a  Proposition  to  Establish  a 
Testing  Laboratory  Under  the  Auspices  of  the  AJ'h.A. 
Seriously  Considered. 

BY  invitation  of  Dr.  A.  S.  Cushman  and  H.  C.  Fuller, 
director  and  member  of  the  Institute  for  Industrial 
Research,  the  December  meeting  of  the  City  of  Wash- 
ington branch  was  held  at  the  institute's  new  building,  19th 
and  B  streets,  N.'VV.  Dr.  Cushman  and  Mr.  Fuller  opened 
and  lighted  the  entire  building  to  the  members  and  guided 
them  through  its  modern  and  well-equipped  laboratories. 
Many  delicate  and  intricate  experiments  and  tests,  relating 
directly  to  pharmacy  and  otherwise,  now  being  conducted 
there,   were  explained   and  commented  upon. 

The  committee  on  nominations  recommended  these  officers: 
For  president,  Martin  I.  Wilbert;  for  1st  vice-president,  '\V.  S. 
Richardson ;  for  2d  vice-president.  Dr.  Rodney  H.  True ;  for 
secretary,  Henry  B.  Floyd;  for  treasurer,  Wymond  H.  Brad- 
bury; and  for  member  of  council,  Dr.  Lyman  F.  Kebler;  and 
further  recommended  that  the  office  of  secretary  and  that  of 
member  of  council  be  separate. 

Mr.  Wilbert  declined  the  nomination  for  president.  Dis- 
cussion showed  that  the  office  secretary  and  that  of  mem- 
ber of  council  had  been  separated  in  1912  and  that  the  term 
of  the  present  member  of  the  council  did  not  expire  until 
the  end  of  1914.  The  committee  then  withdrew  its  recom- 
mendation concerning  the  separation  of  the  office  of  secretary 
and  member  of  the  council,  and  also  withdre%v  all  its  nomina- 
tions except  that  for  secretary  and  treasurer. 

From  the  floor,  W.  S.  Richardson  was  nominated  for  presi- 
dent, Dr.  Rodney  H.  True  for  1st  vice-president  and  Dr. 
Henry  E.  Kalusowski  for  2d  vice-president.  No  other  nomina- 
tions being  made,  and  one  only  having  been  made  for  each 
office.  The  acting  president  then  declared  the  following  officers 
elected:  President,  W.  S.  Richardson,  1st  vice-president.  Dr. 
Rodney  H.  True ;  2d  vice-president.  Dr.  Henry  F.  Kalusowski ; 
secretary',   Henry   B.   Floyd;   treasurer,   Wymond   H.   Bradbury. 

H.  C.  Fuller  presented  a  paper  entitled  "Conservation  in 
Relation  to  Pharmaceutical  Chemistry,"  describing  clearly  and 
forcibly  existing  conditions  in  medical  and  pharmaceutical 
chemistry  and  noting  the  persistency  with  which  the  manu- 
facturer pursues  the  "Almighty  Dollar."  The  "hit  or  miss" 
plan  of  mixing  medicines,  forming  some  new  concoction  to 
which  is  attached  a  high-sounding,  valueless  (and  generally 
meaningless)  name,  with  the  hope  that  it  will  stay  mixed 
and  catch  the  fancy  of  the  consumer,  was  lamented.  In- 
adequate research  work,  insufficient  therapeutic  testing,  in- 
complete analysis,  and  utter  disregard  for  the  well-established 
laws  of  chemi'stry  are  bringing  and  have  brought  into  the 
market  each  year's  thousands  of  valueless  preparations  which 
burden  the  shelves  of  the  retailer.  Yet  he  has  to  carry  all 
of  these  because  some  smooth-tongued  and  gifted  detail  man 
has  gotten  one  or  two  physicians  in  his  neighborhood  to 
write  an  occasional  prescription  for  such  mixtures. 

The  immense  inroad  made  by  a  certain  foreign  firm  manu- 
facturing pharmaceuticals  was  commented  upon,  and  the  key 
of  its  success  against  .American  competition  was  attributed  to 
the  vast  research  wor£  conducted  by  it.  Not  one  of  their 
preparations,  it  appears,  is  allowed  to  enter  the  market  until 
its  stability,  therapeutic  activity  and  exact  chemical  content 
has  been  definitely  ascertained  by  most  exhaustive  experi- 
mentation. 

The  amount  of  research  work  done  by  American  houses 
was  compared  with  that  of  foreign  and  found  to  be  all  but 
nil.  A  remedy  was  suggested  for  the  prevention  of  fakes 
and  other  evils,  in  having  the  American  Pharmaceutical  As- 
sociation establish  an  extensive  chemical  laboratory  where  the 
pharmaceutical   products   offered   could   be   analyzed   for   their 


chemical  contents  and  their  therapeutic  values  ascertained. 
Reports  of  each  analysis  would  be  forwarded  to  its  members 
and  every  man  in  the  business  soon  would  know  to  an  absolute 
certainty  what  each  preparation  he  is  selling  is,  and  what  it 
can  be  expected  to  do. 

Such  a  laboratory  would  immediately  expose  fakes  and 
eventually,  when  its  findings  would  come  to  have  the  faith 
of  the  entire  public,  fake  preparations  would  no  longer  be 
marketable.  Pharmaceutical  manufacturers  would  exercise 
greater  care  before  presenting  new  preparations  and  the  claims 
of  value  for  such  products.  The  retail  druggist  would  profit 
because  his  shelves  would  contain  only  valuable  and  market- 
able matter. 

Mr.  Fuller  presented  specimens  of  a  number  of  preparations 
recently  analyzed  by  the  institute,  and  showed  to  what  extent 
the  public  is  fooled  by  well-written  advertisements.  A  four- 
ounce  bottle  of  diluted  lactated  pepsin,  sold  for  a  dollar,  com- 
manded much  comment  for  under  a  copyright  name  it  was 
sold  as  a  brightener  of  the  eyes  and  a  beautifier. 

Wrinkle-removers,  sold  for  the  same  price,  proved  to  be 
nothing  more  than  pieces  of  inexpensive  court  plaster.  Diabetic 
and  other  foods  for  which  fabulous  and  mythical  claims  have 
been  made,  and  for  which  enormous  prices  have  been  asked, 
proved  to  be  nothing  but  cheap,  roasted  grains.  Hair-remov- 
ers, costing  $1.50  a  box,  amoimted  to  about  five  cents'  worth 
of  rosin  and  balsam  mixed.  The  alkaloidal  claims  for  cod- 
liver  oil  also  came  in  for  criticism. 

In  the  discussion  which  followed  Dr.  George  W.  Hoover 
staled  that  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  has  much  unpublished 
information  concerning  these  fakes,  and  if,  as  contemplated, 
a  bulletin  giving  this  information  is  published,  much  of  gen- 
eral interest  will  come  out  and  there  will  be  some  genuine 
surprises.  There  has  been  a  decided  improvement  in  the 
character  of  pharmaceutical  products  since  the  passage  of  the 
Pure  Food  Act,  and  another  decade  will  bring  forth  even 
greater  improvements,  is  his  belief.  The  question  of  declaring 
various  drugs,  upon  which  Mr.  Fuller  touched,  was  discussed, 
and,  in  addition  to  the  content  declaration,  it  was  suggested 
that  the  effect  upon  'he  system  be  outlined.  Cocaine  legisla- 
tion, now  so  much  discussed,  furnished  food  for  much  con- 
troversy, the  opinion  of  those  present  as  to  the  ultimate  effect 
of  the  legislation  now  proposed  and  recently  enacted  being 
about  equally  divided.  The  wasteful  methods  employed  by 
our  manufacturers  was  shown  by  example.  Certain  refuse 
thrown  out  now  by  chocolate  manufacturers  is  worth  $100 
to  $150  per  ton,  and  lanoline,  much  finer  than  that  now 
imported,  can  be  made  from  the  waste  thrown  out  by  woolen 
tnanufacttu-ers. 

Mr.  Wilbert  at  this  point  called  attention  to  the  German 
Pharmacists'  Association,  which  has  been  doing  work  of  the 
character  outlined  by  Mr.  Fuller  (its  laboratories  being  located 
in  the  Berlin  College  of  Pharmacy),  and  whose  findings  have 
been  going  to  its  members  as  bulletins. 

"Commercial  Alcohol  in  Germany"  was  the  next  subject 
presented  by  Dr.  Rodney  H.  True,  who  outlined  conditions 
which  have  led  to  the  extensive  alcohol  industry  in  Germany. 
It  appears  that  this  industry  is  a  part  of  a  great  economic 
undertaking  commenced  by  Frederick  the  Great  and  which 
has  had  hearty  Government  support  ever  since.  It  was 
clearly  shown  that  as  an  individual  industry  it  was  a  failure, 
but  as  a  part  of  an  economic  farming  arrangement  it  had 
not  been  a  failure.  Potatoes  are  much  grown  in  the  eastern 
or  sandy  provinces  of  Germany  in  land  which  would  be  called 
poor  here.  Crops  are  rotated  in  the  order  of  potato,  grain  and 
grass.  The  potato  uses  but  little  of  the  ash  content  of  the 
soil  and  is  deeply  planted.  While  smaller  than  the  American, 
it  is  higher  in  starch  content  and  contains  less  water.  The 
yield,  with  the  deep  planting  noted,  is  about  three  times  the 
average  American  crop,  and  it  leaves  the  land  in  excellent 
shape  for  the  grain  to  follow.  In  fact,  the  grain  has  been 
doubled  by  this  means.  Many  of  the  potatoes  are  sent  to  the 
western  provinces  and  to  the  cities,  the  major  portion,  howeva*, 
going  to  the  still.  The  mash  left  over  is  used  to  feed  the 
stock.  Altogether,  this  economic  arrangement  has  been  won- 
derfully developed,  and,  while  no  profit  is  obtained  directly 
from  the  alcohol,  it  enters  into  this  great  plan  as  an  in- 
separable and  unreplaceable  cog.  The  plans  for  disposing  of 
the  alcohol,  the  societies  for  its  protection,  and  the  peculiar 
conditions  incident  to  this  industry  were  all  minutely  and 
interestingly    described.      The    American   attempt   to   comm«r- 


72 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   BRA 


[February,  1914 


cialize  alcohol,  while  by  no  means  a  success,  to  date  h;is  shown 
enough  to  warrant  a  continuation  of  the  experiments  already 
made.  The  effect  of  tax  levies  and  the  qualities  of  the 
potatoes  came  in  for  much  good-natured  comment  and  many 
well-placed  witticisms. 

The  question  of  the  location  of  the  permanent  home  for  the 
.•Vmerican  Pharmaceutical  Association  was  then  brought  to  the 
attention  of  the  branch.  The  proposed  locations  were  dis- 
cussed and  much  comment  was  made  upon  any  attempt  to 
locale  the  home  out  of  Wasliington.  Mr.  Wilbcrt  spoke  very 
feelingly  and  strongly  in  favor  of  its  being  located  in  Wash- 
ington, where  it  would  be  free  from  the  influences  of  politics 
and  near  the  national  legislative  body  of  the  country.  It 
seems  to  be  the  logical  situation  for  such  a  home  as  is  pro- 
posed. The  following  motion  was  then  proposed,  seconded 
and  carried :  — 

Whereas,  It  is  proposed  to  provide  a  permanent 
headquarters  or  home  for  the  American  Pharmaceutical 
Association,    and 

Whereas,  Efforts  have  been  and  are  now  being 
made  to  secure  the  location  of  this  permanent  head- 
quarters  in   several   widely   separated   cities,    and 

Whereas,  The  American  Pharmaceutical  Associa- 
tion is  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  District 
of  Columbia  and  is  now  operating  under  the  general 
provisions  of  this  incorporation. 

Now,  therefore,  we,  members  of  the  city  of  Wash- 
ington Branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation, would  respectfully  remind  the  officers  of  the 
parent  organization  that  there  are  many  and  weighty 
reasons  for  locating  the  permanent  home  of  the  Amer- 
ican Pharmaceutical  Association  in  the  City  of 
Washington. 

The  secretary  was  also  directed  to  bring  this  matter  to  the 
attention  of  the  council. 

The  William  Proctor  memorial  was  also  considered,  and  it 
was  urged  that  if  it  should  be  in  the  form  of  a  statue,  and 
that  if  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  built  here, 
the  proper  place  for  the  statue  would  be  in  front  of  the  home. 
" 'Twould  be  better  in  our  front  yard  than  in  the  back  yard 
of  some  Government  building,"  quoted  Mr.  Hilton,  for  he 
knows,  as  all  Washingtonians  do,  that  memorial  statues  of  all 
but  National  heroes  are  placed  in  obscure  parks  and  "lost" 
forever.  There  are  a  dozen  such  statues  in  Washington,  of 
which  no  one  ever  hears  and  that  few  have  ever  seen ;  all  are 
in  a  state  of  neglect. 

Dr.  Kebler,  in  closing,  with  well-chosen  words  thanked  the 
branch  for  the  honor  which  it  had  conferred  upon  him  to 
elect  him  its  president  and  for  the  hearty  support  he  had 
received.  In  turn,  a  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered  him  for 
his  excellent  programme  and  ever-persevering  efforts  to  better 
the  branch. 

A  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered  to  Dr.  Cushman  and  to 
Mr.  Fuller  for  their  kindness  in  tendering  the  use  of  the 
institute  to  the  society,  and  it  was  directed  that  a  note  be 
recorded  in  the  minutes  of  the  motion. 


HAVE  UNTIL  JULY  1  ON"  BICHLORIDE  TABLETS. 


Members  of  G.A.S.  Hear  That  They  Need  Not  Change 
Package  at  Once — Monthly  Dues  Are  Raised. 

AT  the  January  meeting  of  the  German  Apothecaries' 
Society,  George  T.  Riefflin  discussed  in  brief  the  local 
mercuric  bichloride  tablet  situation.  He  reported  that 
there  was  no  necessity  for  a  change  in  package  for  these  tablets 
until  July  1,  at  which  time  the  stock  of  this  article  on  hand 
would  be  replaced  by  the  manufacturers. 

Communications  were  read  by  Corresponding  Secretary  C. 
Baum,  the  fir.st  being  an  invitation  from  Charles  H.  Heimerz- 
heim,  secretary  of  the  trade  matters  committee  of  the  N.Y. 
S.P.A.,  to  participate  in  the  drug  and  chemical  exposition  at 
Madison  Square  Garden.  The  Federation  Internationale  Phar- 
maceutique  at  The  Hague,  Holland,  invited  the  society  to 
affiliate  with  it.  This  request  was  referred  to  the  scientific 
committee. 

Recorder  George  Leinecker  reported  that  the  widow  of  former 
member  H.  Bosch  had  presented  her  husband's  library  to  the 


society.  The  thanks  of  the  members  will  be  expressed  by  the 
secretary.  Paul  F.  Gebickc,  custodian  of  the  mortuary  fund, 
reported  that  he  had  sent  tlie  widow  of  the  recently  deceased 
member,  F.  W.  L.  Cunz,  of  Fort  Lee,  N.  J.,  a  dicck  for  $134, 
for  the  receipt  of  which  Mrs.  Cunz  had  sent  a  letter  of  thanks, 
.^t  the  suggestion  of  President  Dr.  C.  F.  Klippert,  the  members 
rose   in   memory   to   the   deceased. 

S.  \'.  B.  Swann,  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee,  read 
the  essential  paragraphs  in  ihe  new  weights  and  measures  law. 
President  Dr.  Klippert  explained  some  of  the  regulations  of 
the  new  labor  law,  referring  in  particular  to  the  employment 
of  boys  under  the  age  of  14  years.  Otto  P.  Gilbert,  chairman 
of  the  entertainment  committee,  reappointed  his  associates, 
H.  F.  Albert,  Felix  Hirseman,  Robert  S.  Lehman,  George  T. 
Riefflin  and  Hugo  Kantrowitz,  upon  that  committee.  Mr. 
Gilbert  reported  that  the  arrangements  for  the  society's  63d 
anniversary,  to  be  held  at  Terrace  Garden,  Feb.  12,  were  pro- 
gressing and  the  occasion  promised  to  be  an  enjoyable  one. 
The  entertainment  will  consist  of  a  kommers  including  ladies. 
Tickets  for  the  affair,  which  will  be  informal,  will  cost  $2  each, 
this  sum  including  supper,  beverages  and  hat  check. 

Dr.  Wm.  C.  Alpcrs,  chairman  of  the  special  committee  on 
European  trip,  reported  progress.  Mr.  Gilbert  reported  that  the 
membership  signs  were  ready  for  installation  and  that  many 
of  the  members  had  already  j^ut  in  their  orders  for  the  same. 
First  vice-president  Paul  F.  Gebicke,  in  behalf  of  the  com- 
mittee appointed  to  con.<iider  tlie  recommendations  in  the  presi- 
dent's annual  address,  reported  that  he  had  placed  Robert  S. 
Lehman  and  George  C.  P.  Stolzenburg  on  his  committee. 
They  had  held  a  meeting  at  which  it  was  recommended  that 
the  monthly  dues  for  regular  members  be  increased  to  60  cents 
per  month  and  the  dues  for  associate  members  be  made  30' 
cents  per  month. 

Mr.  Gebicke  and  his  committee  associates  did  not  favor  the 
appointment  of  a  propaganda  (membership)  committee,  but 
requested  that  'the  members  act  as  such  individually  and  ask 
their  collegues  to  attend  meetings  and  to  join  the  organization. 
The  question  of  electing  an  honorary  president  was  not  acted 
upon.  The  report  of  the  committee  on  president's  address  was 
accepted  and  action  will  be  taken  according  to  the  by-laws. 

A  pamphlet  was  received  from  the  Austrian  Pharmaceutical 
Society  announcing  the  40th  year  of  the  existence  of  their 
organization.  The  secretary  was  instructed  to  acknowledge  the 
same. 

Professor  Otto  Raubcnheimcr  delivered  an  interesting  lecture 
on  "Incompatibles,"  Messrs.  Gilbert,  Alpers,  Roller  and  Ge- 
bicke participating  in  the  ensuing  discussion. 


Cincinnati    Branch,    A.Fh.A. 

The  recent  meeting  of  the  Cincinnati  branch  was  one  of  the 
most  important  ever  held  by  that  body,  three  of  the  laws 
enacted  by  the  last  Legislature — and  seriously  affecting  the 
drug  trade — coming  up  for  discussion.  The  Legislative  com- 
mittee, consisting  of  Frank  H.  Freericks,  chairman;  William 
C.  Lakamp  and  Ferd  Zuenkeler  drafted  a  letter  which  was 
later  mailed  to  Gov.  Cox,  in  which  they  protested  against 
certain  features  of  the  Duffy  narcotic  law,  the  insecticide  and 
fungicide  law,  and  the  agricultural  commission  law. 

The  insecticide  law,  according  to  this  committee,  cannot  be 
enforced,  as  it  provides  for  the  registration  of  labels  for  every 
drug  having  the  properties  of  an  insecticide  or  fungicide. 
Further  than  this,  it  also  provides  a  yearly  license  fee  of  $20 
for  every  maker  of  any  such  preparation.  According  to  this 
law  a  druggist  could  not  mix  a  vermin  exterminator  or  similar 
household  necessity  without  becoming  liable  for  the  manufac- 
turer's tax.  The  branch  approved  of  the  intent  of  the  law — to 
reach  the  manufacturers  who  in  turn  supply  dealers — but  urged 
its  amendment  to  exclude  its  application  to  pharmacists  and 
those  who  do  not  manufacture  to  sell  to  other  dealers.  The 
Duffy  provisions  have  been  stated  in  previous  issues  of  the 
Era. 

The  Agricultural  Commission  law  takes  from  the  Board  of 
Pharmacy  all  of  its  powers  except  as  an  examining  board,  and 
places  the  enforcement  of  the  laws  pertaining  to  pharmacy, 
poisons  and  purity  of  drugs  with  a  commission  which  does 
not  profess  to  have  and  which  cannot  have  the  special  knowl- 
edge necessary  to  intelligent  enforcement.  The  legislative  com- 
mittee of  the  branch  favored  the  establishment  of  the  office  of 
drug  commissioner,  which  office,  if  need  be.  cou'd  come  under 
the   j'_'ri=diction   of  the   Agricultural   Commission. 


February,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


73 


How  to  Get  a  Real  Profit. 


Harry   B.  Mason  Addresses  New   York  College   of  Pharmacy 
Gathering,   and   Gives  Details   of  Scientific  Profit-taking. 

PROFITS — what  they  are,  aind,  what  is  more  to  the  point, 
what  they  are  not — was  the  keynote  of  the  address  and 
the  discussion  at  the  January  meeting  of  the  New  York 
College  of  Pharmacy.  That  the  average  druggist  not  only 
does  not  compute  his  profits  correctly  but  does  not  know  how 
to  do  so  was  brought  home  to  one  of  the  largest  gatherings 
of  the  year  at  the  college,  not  only  by  the  principal  speaker. 
Editor  Harry  B.  Mason,  of  the  Bulletin  of  Pharmacy,  of 
Detroit,  but  by  the  participants  in  the  discussion  that  followed. 

In  beginning  his  lecture  on  "Profit  in  the  Drug  Business," 
Mr.  Mason  divided  goods-pricing  druggists  into  four  classes, 
and,  to  bring  home  his  deductions,  traced  the  profit-making 
and  taking  history  of  a  hair  brush  costing  $1.  The  druggist 
in  Class  No.  1,  who  kept  no  records,  figured  that  he  must 
make  something  on  the  brush,  and  he  priced  it  at  $1.30.  The 
druggist  in  Class  No.  2,  having  read  somewhere  that  it  cost 
something  to  do  business,  tacked  on  from  25  to  30  cents  to 
cover  the  "cost  of  business"  item,  and  then  added  a  little  for 
profit.    "He  probably  just  about  broke  even,"  said  Mr.  Mason. 

Class  No.  3,  like  No.  2,  supposed  it  cost  something  to  do 
business,  but  he  also  desired  a  profit.  So  he  charged  $1.35 
for  the  brush,  thinking  when  he  did  so  that  he  was  allowing 
25  per  cent,  for  the  cost  of  doing  business  and  a  further  10 
per  cent,  for  profit.  "His  price,"  declared  the  speaker,  "does 
include  the  cost  of  doing  business,  but  does  not  include  the 
profit." 

Druggist  No.  4  knows.  He  keeps  accurate  business  records, 
and  when  he  sells  that  hair  brush  gets  $1.54  for  it.  He  gets 
35  per  cent,  on  the  selling  price,  which  amounts  to  54  per 
cent,  on  the  cost  price.  This  man  knows  just  exactly  what  he 
has  to  do  to  make  money.  Ten  per  cent,  profit,  after  all,  is 
but  the  average  net  profit — the  margain  on  patent  medicines, 
cigars  and  other  lines  is  much  lower,  and  to  equalize  this  the 
druggist  must  get  a  higher  net  profit  in  other  directions. 

The  study  of  prices  and  profits  is  essential  to  success,  yet 
it  is  the  point  of  greatest  ignorance  with  the  majority  of 
druggists.  Thousands  of  druggists  are  deceived  and  are  not 
making  as  much  money  as  they  think  they  are.  Every  drug- 
gist should  know  four  facts  about  his  business — his  percentage 
of  expense,  his  percentage  of  gross  profit,  his  percentage  of  net 
profit,  and  his  entire  income  from  the  business  as  a  whole. 
If  he  does  not  know,  he  is  groping  in  the  dark  and  may  as 
likely  fail  as  succeed.  All  he  need  keep  record  of  are  his 
(1)   sales,   his   (2)    purchases  and  his    (3)    expenses. 

The  druggist  should  check  up  his  departments  to  see  whether 
he  is  making  money. ,  If  it  takes  him  10  minutes  daily  to  do 
his  regular  bookkeeping  he  may  perform  this  special  checking 
in  three  minutes  daily.  A  year's  checking  on  any  particular 
department  will  tell  the  story  of  that  department.  Indeed,  the 
successful  retail  stores  in  this  country  are  departmentized  and 
every  department  has  to  pay  its  way.  The  small  druggist  can- 
not do  this,  but  he  can  institute  some  control  on  the  various 
lines  he  handles.  Keep  a  record  on  the  cigar  department  for 
one  year  and  see  if  it  pays.  If  you  find  that  cigars  are  only 
paying  27  per  cent,  gross  and  the  cost  of  doing  business  is 
29  per  cent.,  then  you  are  losing  2  per  cent,  on  cigars. 
Cigars,  patent  medicines,  candy  and  certain  other  lines  are 
easily  wrapped  and  sold — it  is  difficult  to  determine  their  cost 
of  sale. 

If  a  year's  records  show  a  department  is  running  below  the 
cost  of  doing  business — cut  out  the  leaks,  boost  prices,  do 
something.  Study  the  situation  and  apply  a  remedy.  The 
dribbling  away  of  profits — "smokes  on  the  house,"  candy  for 
the  girls,  etc. — counts.  It  is  absolutely  impossible  to  do  busi- 
ness wisely  without  knowing  the  facts. 

At  the  end  of  the  year  an  annual  statement  should  be  drawn 
up  covering  these  facts: 

(1)  Total  sales,  (2)  purchases,  (3)  stock  increase  or  de- 
crease as  shown  by  the  inventory,  (4)  cost  of  goods  actually 
sold,  (5)  gross  profits,  (6)  expenses,  (7)  net  profits,  (8)  total 
income  from  the  business,  (9)  inventory  of  stock  and  (10) 
inventory  of  fixtures. 

No.  2,  purchases,  does  not  tell  the  entire  story,  said  Mr. 
Mason.  No.  3,  the  stock  increase  or  decrease  as  shon-n  by 
the  inventory,  should  be  deducted  from  or  added  to  purchases 


for  the  year.  No.  4,  cost  goods  actually  sold,  should  be 
deducted  from  the  sales  and  we  arrive  at  No.  5,  gross  profits. 
Deduct  e-xpenses,  No.  6,  and  we  arrive  at  net  profits.  No.  7. 

A  proper  expense  account  should  include  the  following 
items : 

(1)  Taxes,  (2)  insurance,  (3)  fuel,  (4)  light,  (5)  water, 
(6)  rent,  (7)  proprietor's  salary,  (8)  clerk  hire,  (9)  advertis- 
ing, (10)  telephone,  (11)  telegraph,  (12)  office  supplies,  (13) 
postage,  (14)  repairs,  (15)  delivery  service,  (16)  donations, 
(17)  subscriptions,  (18)  depreciation  in  stock  and  fixtures, 
and   (19)   losses  in  bad  accounts. 

The  mistakes  made  by  the  druggist  in  making  up  his  ex- 
pense account  are  legion.  If  he  owns  the  building  he  should 
charge  for  rent.  He  should  charge  for  his  salary  as  manager 
or  proprietor.  He  should  not  neglect  to  take  an  inventory. 
Mr.  Mason  knew  of  cases  where  drug-store  stocks  have  been 
$2000  off  from  what  the  respective  druggists  thought  they 
were.  These  druggists  either  made  or  lost  that  much.  Every 
druggist  should  know  his  percentage  of  expense,  which  is 
obtained  by  dividing  the  total  annual  expenses  by  the  total 
annual  sales.  For  instance,  with  total  expenses  of  $3600  per 
year  and  $12,000  total  sales,  his  percentage  of  expense  would 
be  30.  The  percentage  of  gross  profit  is  obtained  by  dividing 
total  gross  profits  for  the  year  by  the  total  amount  of  sales. 
If  the  gross  profits  were  $4800  on  the  $12,000  total  sales,  the 
gross  profit  would  be  40  per  cent.  His  total  income  is  dis- 
covered by  adding  the  proprietor's  salary,  taken  from  the 
expense  account,  to  the  net  profits  for  the  year.  Presuming 
that  the  druggist  allowed  himself  $1500  salary  and  that  he 
made  $1200  net  profit,  his  total  income  from  the  store  would 
be  $2700. 

These  percentages,  Mr.  Mason  explained,  are  all  based  on 
the  selling  price  instead  of  the  cost.  Let  us  suppose  that  a 
druggist  finds  his  percentage  to  be  28,  and  in  pricing  a  given 
article  he  wants  to  cover  this  expense  plus  a  net  profit  of  12 
per  cent.,  making  a  total  or  gross  profit  of  40  per  cent.  How 
does  he  arrive  at  the  proper  selling  figure?  The  article,  let 
us  say,  costs  $2.00.  The  unknown  selling  price  represents 
100  per  cent.,  40  per  cent,  of  which  is  to  be  profit,  and  the 
remaining  60  per  cent.,  therefore,  the  cost.  The  cost  price  of 
$2.00  is  accordingly  60  per  cent,  of  the  selling  price  to  be 
determined.     The  problem  may  therefore  be  stated  as  follows: 

$2.00  :  60  ::  X  :  100, 
and  the  answer  is  $3.33.  Thus  a  precise  knowledge  of  selling 
cost  and  percentage  of  profit  is  a  vital  necessity  in  the  pricing 
of  every  article  in  the  store,  and  indeed  in  the  conduct  of  the 
whole  business  if  a  druggist  wants  to  make  a  store  yield  him 
a  good  inccme  instead  of  doling  out  reluctantly  a  mere  living. 

Twenty-five  drug  stores,  the  proprietors  of  which  Mr. 
Mason  had  personally  canvassed,  made  gross  profits  ranging 
from  31  to  51  per  cent.  Their  e.-spense  of  doing  business 
ranged  from  18  to  35  per  cent.  He  asserted  that  there  was  no 
excuse  for  this  wide  variation.  There  are,  of  course,  reasons 
for  some  variation.  Expenses  in  the  city  and  country  differ. 
Distance  from  the  drug  markets  also  has  its  effect.  The  fault 
in  the  case  of  unusual  percentages  of  expense  lies  with  the 
druggists  themselves.  The  average  expense  of  doing  business 
was  24J/2  per  cent.,  the  average  gross  profits  38  per  cent. 
Mr.  Mason  believed  these  averages  to  be  typical — 25  per  cent, 
cost  of  doing  business — 35  to  40  per  cent,  gross  profits. 

Among  those  who  discussed  Mr.  Mason's  address  were  Dean 
F.  J.  Wulling,  of  University  of  Minnesota  College  of  Phar- 
macy; chairman  of  this  meeting,  Felix  Hirseman;  Charles  W. 
Holzhauer,  Newark,  N.  J.;  John.W.  Ferrier,  C.  O.  Bigelow, 
Alderman  James  Weil,  Dr.  Jacob  Diner  and  others.  Dean 
Wulling  felt  complimented  that  he,  a  college  professor,  should 
be  called  upon  to  discuss  a  commercial  subject.  Professors 
generally  w-ere  not  supposed  to  know  much  about  business. 
In  his  opinion,  the  pharmacist  not  a  good  business  man 
would  not  be  a  good  pharmacist.  He  enlarged  upon  the 
efforts  of  his  institution  to  instil  some  idea  of  business  methods 
in  the  minds  of  the  students  and  also  presented  some  amusing, 
almost  sad,  incidents  of  druggists  who  were  utterly  unable  to 
figure  percentages  of  profit,  cost  of  doing  business,   etc. 

Felix  Hirseman  told  about  the  system  he  had  installed  in 
his  first  drug  store.  He  had  not  used  all  of  Mr.  Mason's 
terms,  but  the  rudiments  were  there.  He  knew  what  each 
department  was  doing.  Charles  Holzhauer  thought  the  vital 
point  of  Mr.  Mason's  address  was  the  determination  of  selling 
expense.     He   was  very   proud  of  his  stock   index  system   by 


74 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[February,  1914 


which  he  could  tell  instantly  whether  he  could  accept  or 
decline  a  salesman's  proposition. 

John  Ferrier  asserted  that  the  greatest  loss  in  his  business 
was  due  to  not  watching  the  very  small  things  and  to  thefts. 
The  btter  were  divided  into  two  classes,  those  committed  by 
outsiders,  which  were  generally  small,  and  those  committed 
by  the  insiders.  He  also  called  attention  to  the  criminal 
recklessness  and  spiteful  dcstructiveness  of  some  clerks  after 
ihey  had  been  scolded.  He  presented  a  method  of  marking 
merchandise  in  order  to  detect  petty  thievery. 

C.  O.  Bigelow  presented  the  expense  percentage,  percentage 
of  net  profit  and  percentage  of  gross  profits  in  his  business 
for  the  past  17  years.  He  observed  that  the  pharmacist  who 
ignores  the  points  brought  up  during  the  meeting  will  not 
succeed.     He  must  analyze  his  business. 

The  meeting  was  also  the  occasion  of  the  presentation  of  a 
portrait  of  the  late  Edward  Kemp,  president  of  the  college, 
1S96  to  1900,  by  his  widow,  and  the  reading  of  a  biogra|)hy 
of  the  late  Timothy  L.  Woodruff  by  Thomas  I'.  Main. 
Frank  Farrington,  editor  of  the  Inland  Store-Keeper,  will 
deliver  the  third  of  the  series  of  lectures  on  commercial  phar- 
macy at  the  next  meeting. 

DK.   WM.    C.   ANDERSON   HEADS   THE   A.D.S. 


tion  was  that  the  business  done  during  tlie  Garden  e.xliibition 
had  about  paid  the  expenses  of  the  former,  whereas  last  year's 
United  Drug  Company's  convention  had  cost  ?60,000. 


fiXPOSniON  OCCASION  OF  PROPAGANDA  MEET. 


Dean  of  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy  Accepts  Presi- 
dency— Members  Approve  Premium  Coupon  Plan. 
DR.    \VlLLI.\iI    C.    .\XDERSOX,    dean   of   the   Brooklyn 
College  of  Pharmacy,  was  elected  president  of  the  .Amer- 
ican  Druggists'    Syndicate,   at   that   corporation's   annual 
convention,  held  at  Madison  Square  Garden,  January  19  to  24, 
inclusive.     Other  officers  elected  are: 

Secretary,  C.  H.  Goddard  (re-elected)  ;  treasurer,  George 
W.  Luft ;  directors  to  serve  three  years :  Charles  H.  Goddard, 
G.  W.  Luft,  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  E.  L.  Weston  and  Sidney  C. 
■yeoman. 

By  unanimous  votes  the  members  adopted  resolutions  pro- 
viding for  three  features  of  particular  interest  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  svndicate.  The  directors  were  authorized  to 
increase  the  capital  stock  to  $10,000,000,  according  to  a  plan 
outlined  bv  Secretary  Goddard  in  his  annual  report.  Only 
5625,000  of  the  total  increase  will  be  made  this  year,  and  this 
willbe  offered  to  members  on  the  basis  of  one  share  at  the 
par  value  of  $10  for  each  four  shares  of  old  stock  held.  The 
old  stock  is  said  to  be  worth  $20  a  share.  No  further  issue 
will  be  made  until  the  stockholders  have  been  shown  that  the 
$625,000  increase  has  been  profitably  employed. 

The  Board  of  Directors  was  authorized  to  devise  rules  and 
methods  under  which  .\.D.S.  products  may  be  sold  to  dis- 
pensing phvsicians. 

The  directors  w^ere  vested  with  power  to  adopt  a  system  ot 
coupon  premium  sales  at  retail  drug  stores,  the  directors  being 
given  the  discretion  of  making  the  system  national  or  merely 

°A  plan  for  uniting  the  .\.D.S.  and  Aseptic  Products  Com- 
pany st6ck  was  unanimously  approved,  the  transfer  to  be  on 
the  basis  of  two  shares  of  new  A.D.S.  stock  for  one  of  com- 
mon  A  P.C.  and  one  new  A.D.S.  for  one  preferred   A.P.t. 

Secretary  Goddard  outlined  a  scheme  by  which  he  proposed 
to  attempt  co-operative  shipping  of  freight  by  the  Panama 
Canal  to  the  Pacific  Coast,  thereby  cutting  down  far  Western 
freight  e-Tpenses  50  cents  per  ton.  He  had  circularized  a  large 
number  of  firms  shipping  to  California  and  found  that  those 
which  he  had  interested  shipped  a  sufficient  tonnage  to  justify 
the  chartering  of  an  A.D.S.  ship.  This  investigation  had 
also  developed  that  it  would  be  feasible  to  run  an  A.D.S. 
passenger  ship  through  the  canal  to  the  Panama  Exposition 
and  to  hold  a  convention  on  that  occasion.  Western  members 
having  earnestly   solicited  a  meeting  at  the   Exposition. 

A  matter  which  received  the  attention  of  the  members  was 
that  of  mutual  fire  insurance.  It  was  pointed  out  that  few 
companies  take  all  the  risk  on  drug  store  fire  msurance  and 
that  those  companies  handling  only  drug  store  msurance  saved 
25  per  cent,  for  the  insured.  Jhe  A^D.S.,  said  Secretary 
Goddard,  could  save  the  druggist  33%  per  cent,  and  stiU 
make  money.  Henry  W.  Merritt  wished  it  understood  that 
any  action  on  insurance  would  be  directed  agamst  the  old- 
line  companies  and  not  those  companies  featuring  only   drug 

^'Tnttrest^g  rumor  during  the  latter  part  of  the  conven- 


President  Beringer  and  President-elect  Mayo,  of  the 
A.Ph.A.,    and    Dean    WuUing    Among-    Speakers. 

PRESIDENT  of  the  .American  i'liarmaceutical  -Association 
George  M.  Beriiiger,  President-elect  Caswell  A.  Mayo, 
of  the  same  organization;  V.  J.  Wulling,  dean  of  the 
College  of  Pharmacy  of  the  University  of  Minnesota,  and 
John  Rocnier,  chairman  of  the  N.Y.S.P..A.  propaganda 
romniittee,  were  the  speakers  at  a  propaganda  meeting  for 
pliarniacists  held  at  Madison  Square  Garden  on  the  evening 
of  Jan.  22,  under  the  auspices  of  the  committee  on  propaganda 
of  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical  Association.  President 
Jacob  H.  Rehfuss  introduced  Mr.  Roemer,  who  asserted  that 
propaganda  in  its  general  conception  had  been  restricted  to  its 
relation  between  pharmacist  and  physician.  It  might  be  given 
a  much  broader  definition.  The  pharmacist  today,  he  ob- 
served, finds  himself  in  the  position  where  his  commercial 
activities  usurp  the  professional.  Well  directed  propaganda 
would  answer  the  question,  "Who  are  the  friends  of  phar- 
macy?" 

President  Beringer,  the  next  speaker,  in  developing  his 
subject,  "Pharmacy,"  touched  on  the  history  of  the  profession, 
referring  (larticularly  to  the  animal  origin  of  many  of  the 
drugs  of  the  middle  ages.  He  did  not  believe  that  pharmacists 
should  apologize  for  the  condition  of  pharmacy  today.  It  has 
progressed  with  the  age:  the  American  pharmacist  is  living 
up  to  his  share  of  responsibility.  If  the  pharmacist  of  today 
is  to  be  successful  he  must  give  attention  to  the  commercial 
side.  Mr.  Beringer  did  not  lose  sight  of  the  fact  that  all 
honor  was  due  to  the  development  of  the  scientific  side  of 
pharmacy.  He  had  not  seen  anywhere  as  handsome  a  lot  of 
preparations  as  was  in  the  N.Y.S.P.A.  exhibit. 

The  speaker  alluded  to  the  work  being  done  on  standards 
and  remarked  that  it  dovetailed  with  propagandic  work.  He 
asserted  that  it  had  remained  for  modern  pharmacy  to  de- 
velop true  pharmacognosy.  The  time  will  come,  Mr.  Beringer 
believed,  when  every  pharmacist  will  want  to  bear  his  share 
in  the  development  and  progress  of  pharmacy — when  every 
pharmacist  will  wear  the  .A.Ph.A.  button. 

Dean  F.  J.  Wulling  spoke  in  his  individual  capacity  as  a 
pharmacist,  and  pleaded  guilty  to  being  an  ethical  pharmacist, 
but  was  broad-minded  enough  to  know  that  pharmacy  today 
necessitates  commercial  activity.  There  was  no  reason  why 
pharmacy  should  not  be  rehabilitated  and  pharmacists  practice 
pharmacy  as  physicians  practice  medicine.  Pharmacists  instal 
commercial  features  in  their  stores  solely  as  a  means  of  de- 
fence. He  agreed  with  Mr.  Beringer  that  pharmacists  were 
living  up  to  their  best  at  the  present  time.  Their  activities, 
however,   were   twofold,   due   to   the   stress   of   circumstances. 

Pharmacy  needs  a  higher  average  of  intelligence,  was  Dean 
Wulling's  contention.  Pharmacy  is  what  pharmacists  want  it 
to  be.  Other  callings  are  rising  to  higher  planes :  pharmacy 
should  do  likewise.  The  remedy  is  in  the  hands  of  the  phar- 
macists. -An  essential  to  successful  propaganda  work  is  the 
outlining  of  a  programme  and  the  carrying  out  of  the  same. 
Results  must  not  be  expected  for  a  year  or  so  after  the 
inauguration  of  the  campaign.  The  pendulum  will  return 
when  the  pharmacists  want  it  to. 

From  his  experience  in  Minnesota,  Dean  Wulling  was  sure 
that  results  might  be  obtained  wherever  the  pharmacists  and 
physicians  could  get  together  and  the  former  could  demonstrate 
that  they  were  able  to  put  up  prescriptions.  The  physicians 
want  efficient  pharmaceutical  service.  However,  there  is  no 
reason  for  general  complaint  on  the  part  of  the  physicians  that 
they  are  unable  to  find  competent  pharmacists.  They  can 
find  them  if  they  will  only  look. 

Caswell  A.  Mayo  criticised  the  custom  of  hospital  internes 
in  prescribing  "No.-  23,"  "No.  25,"  etc.  Relative  to  propa- 
ganda, it  had  been  his  experience  that  the  weak  point  lay 
primarily  with  the  pharmacist.  As  Professor  Ni.xon  had 
pointed  out  earlier  in  the  week,  the  pharmacist  too  often 
cannot  put  up  the  very  preparations  which  he  induces  the 
physician  to  prescribe.  Mr.  Mayo  referred  to  the  splendid 
propaganda  work  done  by  the  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical 
Society.     He  was  glad  to  see  that  the  prices  of  prescriptions 


February,  1914] 


THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


10 


were  being  put  up  in  the  better  class  of  pharmacies.  He 
commended  the  development  of  skill  in  scientific  directions 
in  order  to  free  the  pharmacist  from  the  onus  of  commercial 
competition.  The  future  of  pharmacy,  was  his  concluding 
obsenation.  under  intelligent  propaganda,  holds  much  promise 
for   its   followers. 

Charles  Huhn.  of  Miimeapolis,  opened  the  ensuing  discus- 
sion, in  which  Henry  P.  Sandkoetter,  of  Chicago;  Dr.  Hy. 
J.  J.  Kassebaum,  of  Brooklj-n,  and  others  participated.  Mr. 
Huhn  described  himself  as  a  "shaving  off  the  Board  of  Phar- 
macy of  Miimesota."  He  told  about  the  work  with  the  phy- 
sicians in  his  State  and  asserted  that  some  of  the  boys  launched 
into  pharmacy  had  much  better  follow  the  plow.  He  stated 
that  Dean  Wulling  was  regarded  as  the  little  giant  in  phar- 
macy in  Jliimesota.  One  of  his  works  was  the  building  of 
a   splendid   pharmacy   building   at    the   university. 

ilr.  Huhn  told  how  the  pharmacists  of  ilinnesota  held  get- 
together  meetings  with  the  physicians.  They  placed  official 
preparations  between  the  plates  at  the  banquet  board  and 
solicited  the  criticisms  of  their  guests.  Employing  these 
methods  they  were  making  progress.  In  conclusion,  Mr.  Huhn 
related  how  an  effort  to  pass  a  most  tmreasonable  anti- 
narcotic  ordinance  in  Minneapolis  had  been  forestalled  by 
himself  and  other  pharmacists,  only,  however,  after  the  hardest 
of  political  fighting.  An  ordinance  modeled  after  the  Har- 
rison bill  was  finally  substituted  for  the  obnoxious  meastire 
and  passed.  This  new  ordinance  makes  the  physician  as 
liable  as  the  jjharmacist.  The  public  and  some  of  the  phy- 
sicians object  to  the  refill  provision,  but  otherwise  the  ordi- 
nance is  a  success. 


Third  Annual  Meeting  of  N.  A.  M.  M.  P. 


The  third  annual  meeting  of  the  National  Association  of 
Manufacttirers  of  iledicinal  Products  will  be  held  at  the 
Waldorf-Astoria  Hotel,  New  York  Cit\-,  Feb.  10-11,  1914. 
The  first  session  will  be  called  to  order  at  10  o'clock  ajn. 
Tuesday,  Feb.  10.  The  registration  lists  will  be  open  at 
9 :  30  a.m.,  and  members,  guests  and  fraternal  representatives 
are  requested  to  register  as  soon  thereafter  as  possible. 
The  banquet  will  be  held  Wednesday  evening.  Hon.  Herman 
A.  Metz,  Ex-Comptroller  of  the  City  of  New-  York  and  present 
Congressman  from  the  Tenth  District,  Xew  York,  will  deliver 
an  address.  Owing  to  the  fact  that  another  invited  speaker 
has  just  been  obliged  to  cancel  his  engagement  on  account  of 
ill  health,  it  is  now  impossible  to  state  who  his  substitute 
will  be;  but  one  will  be  selected  who  will  give  entire  satis- 
faction. Members  are  earnestly  requested  to  be  present  and 
to  come  prepared  to  introduce  any  matter  they  think  to  be  of 
mutual  interest.  It  will  greatly  expedite  the  business  of  the 
association  if  propositions  are  put  in  the  concrete  form  of 
wTitten  motions  or  resolutions,  and  submitted  at  the  first 
session.  There  is  every  reason  to  believe  that  the  coming 
meeting  will  be  even  more  successful  and  profitable  than  the 
last. 


Drug  Clerks'  Association  of  Maryland. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Drug  Clerks'  Association  of  Maryland, 
held  last  month  at  the  Hotel  Emerson,  Baltimore,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  promoting  the  agitation  in  favor  of  better  working 
hours  and  representation  on  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacv', 
letter  were  read  from  Drs.  Howard  A.  Kelly,  one  of  the  most 
noted  surgeons  in  the  coimtry;  Hiram  T.  Woods,  John  il.  T. 
Fiimey,  who  is  hardly  less  well  kno^Ti  than  Dr.  Kelly,  and 
others,  indorsing  the  aims  of  the  clerks.  Among  those  who 
made  addresses  also  approving  the  objects  the  clerks  seek 
were  Dr.  Thomas  Buckler,  Dr.  Charles  Caspari,  Jr.,  David 
M.  R.  Culbreth,  H.  P.  Hs-nson,  Dr.  B.  E.  Pritcnard,  Pitts- 
burgh; Dr.  W.  S.  Gilroy,  Dr.  George  C.  Blades,  Delegate  E. 
Milton  Altfeld,  of  the  Maryland  House  of  Delegates,  and 
Louis  Samuels.  Resolutions  were  adopted  outlining  the  aims 
of  the  association  to  obtain  a  uniform  workday  of  not  more 
than  10  hours  and  not  more  than  six  days  a  week.  Repre- 
sentation on  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  was  also  urged 
and  much  stress  was  laid  on  the  movement  to  abolish  the 
degree  of  assistant  pharmacist.  The  organization  is  of  the 
opinion  that  there  should  be  only  competent  pharmacists  and 
that  no  one  who  caimot  qualify  for  this  degree  should  be 
employed  in  a  drug  store. 


The  officers  of  the  association,  which  grew  out  of  a  bddy 
affiliated  with  the  Federation  of  Labor,  but  has  no  connection 
with  it  now,  are:  President,  J.  W.  Kromcke;  vice-president, 
R.  C.  Ward;  treasurer,  E.  A.  Powers;  secretary.  Christian 
Fiske;  sergeant-at-arms,  S.  T.  Lombard;  executive  board,  C.  H 
Cartel,  C.  T.  Freitag  and  W.  S.  Walb. 


Massachiisetts  Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary. 
The  annual  banquet  of  the  Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary  of  the 
Massachusetts  State  Pharmaceutical  Association  was  held  at 
Y'oung's  Hotel  on  the  evening  of  Jan.  5,  with  a  number  of 
distinguished  guests,  including  Hon.  Frank  J.  Donahue,  Sec- 
retary of  State,  and  a  graduate  of  the  Massachusetts  College 
of  Pharmacy;  Frank  J.  Campbell,  president  of  the  State  Phar- 
maceutical Association;  Charles  F.  Ripley,  chairman  of  the 
State  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy,  and  James  F.  Fin- 
neran,  president  of  the  X.A.R.D.  President  Fred  L.  Carter, 
Jr.,  presided  at  the  dinner,  and  Fred  S.  Lovis,  of  the  Eastern 
Drug  Company,  was  toastmaster.  A  pleasing  feature  of  the 
dinner  was  the  exhibition  of  "movies"  taken  last  Stunmer  of 
the  State  convention  at  Swampscott.  President  Ripley,  in  his 
speech,  discussed  the  new  pharmacy  law  which  became  opera- 
tive with  the  new  year,  and  which  defines  what  a  drug  store  is. 
He  said  the  power  to  enforce  the  law  lies  with  the  local 
authorities  as  ever.  Hereafter  an  imregistered  clerk  may  be 
left  in  charge  of  the  drug  store,  but  he  may  sell  only  house- 
hold articles,  and  at  no  time  can  he  sell  liquor.  President 
Finneran  tirged  the  association  to  work  for  honest  prices  in 
the  drug  business,  and  to  carry  on  the  crusade  which  the 
National  association  has  been  waging  now  for  16  years.  The 
attendance  was  about  100. 


AMONG    THE    ASSOCIATIONS. 


About  30  members  of  the  Wisconsin  Pharmaceutical  Travel- 
ers' Association  met  at  the  Hotel  Blatz  in  Milwaukee,  Dec. 
29,  and  made  plans  for  the  entertainment  features  of  the  com- 
ing annual  convention  of  the  Wisconsin  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation at  Delavan  Lake  about  the  middle  of  June.  Various 
committees  were  appointed  to  take  up  different  phases  of  the 
work,  and  efforts  will  be  made  to  make  the  Delavan  gathering 
one  of  the  most  successful  in  the  many  notable  conventions 
held  by  the  Wisconsin  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociation.  The 
travelers'  organization  always  has  charge  of  the  entertainment, 
and  never  fails  to  arrange  something  novel  and  interesting. 

.\t  the  aimual  meeting  of  the  Rock  Island  County  R.D..A. 
at  Moline,  111.,  the  following  ofiicers  were  chosen  for  the 
association  and  the  Ladies'  Auxiliary:  President,  August 
Sundine,  Moline;  vice-president,  H.  B.  Burt,  Rock  Island; 
secretary-,  Oscar  Oberg,  Rock  Island;  treasurer,  John  F. 
Schneider,  Rock  Island.  Officers  of  the  Ladies'  Auxiliary  were 
chosen  as  follows:  President,  Mrs.  H.  E.  Rowe,  Rock  Island; 
vice-president,  Mrs.  A.  C.  Croswell,  Rock  Island;  secretary, 
Mrs.  Charles  Brunstrom,  Moline;  treasurer,  Mrs.  A.  J.  Reiss, 
Rock  Island. 

The  Philadelphia  Branch  of  the  A.Ph..\.  listened  to  effi- 
ciency addresses  at  the  meeting  held  Jan.  6.  J.  Frank  Dechant 
told  how  a  drug  salesman  can  succeed;  A.  E.  Lobeck  spoke 
on  the  general  efficiency  of  drug  stores  and  recommended  a 
bonus  for  clerks  as  a  means  of  getting  them  interested  in  the 
business.  Thomas  H.  Brown  explained  a  method  by  which 
the  druggist  can  figure  his  profits  every  night  after  hours,  and 
Ivor  Griffith  illustrated  a  talk  in  jvhich  he  told  of  the  value 
of  advertising. 

At  the  recent  aimual  meeting  of  the  Detroit  Retail  Drug- 
gists' Association  at  the  Fellowcraft  Club,  the  following  of- 
ficers were  elected:  President,  J.  H.  Webster;  1st  vice-presi- 
dent, O.  W.  Gorenflo;  2d  vice-president,  Leon  Van  Vliet; 
secretary,  J.  G.  Hackney;  treasurer,  A.  G.  Riesterer;  executive 
committee  W.  A.  Hall,  D.  E.  Perrin,  R.  W.  Rennie,  Grant 
Stevens,  G.  W.  Leacock,  W.  C.  M.  Scott,  W.  Travis,  Dr.  O. 
Amdt,  J.  F.  Paddock  and  R.  E.  Bodimer. 

The  January  meeting  of  Boston  Chapter,  W.O.N. A.R.D., 
was  in  charge  of  Mrs.  Ethel  T.  Comer,  chairman  of  the  com- 
mittee on  household  economics,  and  was  held  in  the  afternoon 
at  the  Hotel  Vendome.  Mrs.  Margaret  J.  Stannard  spoke  on 
"The  Education  of  Girls  as  Home  Makers,"  and  there  were 
violin  solos  by  Mrs.  DeForest  Smith.     Social  tea  followed. 


76 


THE   PHAKMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


Curbing  Dispensing  by  the  Physician. 


F.  W.  Connolly 


FRED  W.  CONNOLLY,  one  of  the  most  aggressive  drug- 
gists in  Greater  Boston,  h.is  been  in  correspondence  with 
the  State  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy  in  regard 
to  a  proposed  law  which  would  make  it  illegal  for  the  medical 
profession  to  dispense   (except  in  case  of  emergency)   as  it  is 
now  illegal  for  pharmacists  to  prescribe. 

BMr.  Connolly  urged  the  State  Board  to 
take  up  the  matter  in  the  interest  of  the 
druggist  who  now  finds  it  liard  to  make 
a  day's  pay  by  a  reasonable  day's  work. 
The  State  Board,  through  the  secre- 
tary, has  replied  to  Mr.  Connolly,  stat- 
ing that  the  proposal  did  not  seem  to 
be   witliin    its   province,    and   suggesting 
that    the   Massachusetts   State   Pharma- 
ceutical .\ssociation  might  be  willing  to 
take  up  the  matter. 
Mr.  Connolly  has  replied  with  another 
letter,  stating  that  he  did  not  think  the 
officers  of   the   State   association   would 

have  as  much  weight  in  the  matter  with 

a    legislative    committee    as    the    State 

Board     of     Registration     in     Pharmacy 

would   have,    but   he   says   he   thinks   he   could   get   the   State 

association    to   endorse   it.      Continuing,   Mr.    Connolly   says: 

"I  am  willing  to  give  the  matter  the  greatest  publicity,  eveii 
to  sending  a  copy  of  the  letter  to  every  druggist  in  the  State. 
I  believe  the  druggists  would  gladly  exchange  the  liquor  busi- 
ness, if  they  have  any,  for  the  medicine  business,  and  I  be- 
lieve the  temperance  forces  would  be  allied  with  us  in  this 
matter,  and  I  know  of  another  source  of  help.  ■ 

".As  far  as  the  physicians  are  concerned,  I  do  not  expect  the 
opposition  which  some  fear.  If  this  change  is  right,  and  I 
believe  it  is,  what  can  they  say?  If  the  druggists  realized 
what  this  meant  every  one  in  the  State  would  be  represented 
in  it. 

"Furthermore,  I  know  physicians  who  are  dispensing  against 
their  wishes,  their  judgment  and  their  self-respect,  forced  to  it 
as  it  were,  by  fear  of  competition.  When  they  realize  that  all 
physicians  are  on  the  same  footing  in  that  respect  they  will 
welcome  the  idea  with  the  same  grace  with  which  merchants 
received  the  adverse  legislation  relative  to  the  use  of  trading 
.stamps. 

The  real  opponents  to  this  effort  will  be  the  supply  houses 
and  we  can  'lick'  them,  or  make  the  fight  too  expensive,  or 
fcoth." 

]sli.  Connolly's  original  letter  to  the  State  Board  of  Regis- 
tration in  Pharmacy  is  as  follows: 

"To  the  Honorable  the  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy: 
"Dear  Sirs:— That  it  appears  that  there  are  hundreds  of 
drug  stores  in  Massachusetts  which  are  unable  to  have  a 
registered  assistant  makes  it  appear  that  there  is  something 
radically  wrong.  The  casual  observer  would  say  that  there 
were  too  many  drug  stores;  but  when  we  consider  that  some 
stores  employ  SO  persons,  that  suggestion  does  not  answer  the 
question.  . 

"To  my  mind  two  factors  contribute  to  this  condition; 
either  or  both  being  remedied  would  enable  the  druggists  to 
comply  with  the  law.     One  is  the  maintenance  of  prices  by 

law which   seems  to   be   out   of  the   question  at   the   present 

time,  but  we  are  coming  to  it.  The  other  is  dispensing  by 
physicians,  which,  I  think,  could  and  should  be  prohibited  by 
law.  They  should  administer  when  necessary,  but  not  dis- 
pense. If  your  honorable  board  instigated  and  had  this  law 
enacted,  it  is  your  duty  and  privilege  to  also  try  to  have  a  law 
passed  which  would  enable  honest,  competent  men  to  comply 

with  the  law.  ...         ,.  ,•  • 

"There  is  no  question  but  that  physicians  dispense  medicine 
other  than  that  which  they  administer  at  the  bedside.  There 
is  no  question  but  that  they  renew  a  remedy  which  they 
have  given  a  patient  without  altering  it  to  meet  changed  con- 
ditions in  the  patient.  There  is  little  doubt  that  they  replenish 
a  remedy  of  their  own  dispensing  without  diagnosing  the  case 

"This  added  requirement  on  the  part  of  the  State  for  drug- 
gists makes  it  all  the  more  apparent  that  the  unrestricted  use 
of   all    remedies   including   habit-forming   drugs,    drugs    below 


standard  or  even  practically  inert  preparations  by  physicians 
should  be  stopped.  If  we  compel  physicians  to  use  full  strength 
preparations,  if  they  dispense  the  danger  is  increased,  because 
tlie  majority  of  them  are  not  pharmacists.  Should  an  error 
occur,  who  is  responsible?  The  commonwealth,  of  course, 
for  not  protecting  her  citizens  with  ordinary  safeguards  as 
far  as  possible.  Furthermore,  what  real  protection  has  a  per- 
son in  the  hands  of  a  di.speusing  physician?  The  physician 
diagnoses  the  case,  he  decides  on  the  remedy,  he  supplies  that 
remedy,  or  near  it.  If  the  patient  dies,  he  attributes  the  cause 
and  there  the  matter  ends. 

"What  incentive  has  a  physician  to  be  very  careful  as  to 
his  compounding  and  disjjensing  beyond  his  own  conscience? 
None  wliatever.  Is  that  right?  Is  that  taking  proper  pre- 
cautions to  protect  the  sick  of  our  commonwealth?  Why  is 
so  much  care  necessary  to  protect  the  public  from  the  drug- 
gist's error? 

"The  druggist  feels  certain  that  should  he  be  so  unfortunate 
as  to  make  a  mistake  it  would  very  likely  be  detected  and  he 
would  suffer  the  consequences.  That  is  why  most  stores  have 
a  rule  that  all  work  be  checked  up  by  a  second  person. 

"I  am  convinced  that  the  physician  who  dispenses  other 
than  the  single  dose,  which  he  administers  at  the  bedside  or 
in  an  emergency,  should  be  required  to  employ  a  registered 
pharmacist  to  compound  his  medicines.  If  this  law  which 
now  goes  into  effect,  is  a  good  measure  it  is  good  for  every 
druggist,  not  to  force  one  here  and  there,  but  everywhere,  and 
unle.'is  enforced  rigidly,  it  cannot  be  enforced  at  all,  because 
the  druggist  who  is  compelled  to  live  up  to  the  requirements 
will  probably  insist  that  all  others  do  likewise. 

"When  the  druggists  find  it  is  insufficient  to  be  registered 
and  to  have  clerks  registered,  but  the  stores  must  be  registered, 
naturally  we  will  ask  what  protection  is  accorded  us  to  enable 
us  to  practice  pharmacy  when  we  have  complied  with  all  of 
these  requirements. 

"I  know  that  in  the  above  statement  I  am  expressing  the 
sentiment  of  many,  many  druggists.  You  and  I  know  how 
patient  and  long-suffering  we  are,  but  I  feel  certain  that  the 
time  has  arrived  when  we  should  make  an  active,  aggressive 
move  to  obtain  some  rights  for  ourselves.  Such  is  the  spirit 
of  the  times.  The  public  endorse  anything  whereby  men  may 
better  their  condition.  Shorter  day,  with  better  pay,  by  legis- 
lation is  very  much  in  order  these  days. 

"I  think  it  devolves  upon  your  honorable  board  to  consider 
this  matter  carefully,  and  if  deemed  expedient  to  frame  a  bill 
setting  forth  the  wrong  to  competent  druggists  and  the  danger 
to  an  innocent  public  in  the  present  lax  method  of  permitting 
physicians  to  compound  and  dispense  medicines.  This  work 
should  be  done  only  by  men  especially  trained  for  the  purpose 
and  patients  should  be  protected  to  the  extent  of  at  least  two 
persons  handling  and  a  written  record  of,  the  medicines  which 
they  take. 

"The  physician's  'Non  Repetatur"  gives  him  absolute  control 
of  his  prescription.     Very  truly  yours, 

"Boston,  Mass.,  Jan.  S,  1914."        "Fred  W.  Connolly." 


A  "Candy  Kid"  Con  Man  in  St.  Louis. 

Telephone  in  drug  store  of  Leo.  M.  Saul,  629  N.  Kings 
highway,  St.  Louis,  rings.  Saul  gets  this  message:  "Send  3- 
pound  box  of  candy  to  5020  Delmar." 

Druggist  sends  his  clerk,  William  Walls,  with  $1.80  box. 
Walls  finds  six-year  old  boy  sitting  on  steps  at  5020  Delmar. 

"Is  that  the  candy?"  the  boy  asks. 

"That's  the  candy,"  replies  Walls. 

"Do  you  want  the  money  or  shall  we  send  it  over?"  asks 
the  boy. 

Walls  replies' that  if  it  was  all  the  same  to  the  folks  he 
would  like  to  take  the  money  along. 

"Oh,  very  well,"  says  the  boy;  "just  wait  here  a  minute 
and  I'll  go  around  the  back  way  and  get  the  money  from 
mamma." 

The  boy  retires  around  the  back  way.  Walls  waits  for  a 
while.  Boy  doesn't  return.  Walls  rings  the  doorbell.  Woman 
answers.  Walls  tells  her  he  hos  just  delivered  the  candy  to 
her  little  boy.  She  is  sorry,  but  she  has  not  ordered  any 
candy  and  she  has  no  little  boy. 

Walls  reports  back  to  Saul  without  the  $1.80  and  without 
the  candy.  Saul  calls  the  police.  The  police  begin  a  search 
for  the  candy  kid  "confidence  man." 


Februakt,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


■<  I 


Schools  and  Colleges 


Valparaiso    College   of   Pharmacy. 

The  Senior  class  has  elected  the  following  officers;  Presi- 
dent, VV.  R.  Ferguson,  of  Indiana;  vice-president,  W.  O. 
Speer,  of  West  Virginia;  secretary,  K.  Stine,  of  Indiana;  treas- 
urer, G.  C.  Chostner,  of  Missouri;  yell  master,  A.  R.  Zack, 
of  New  Jersey;  editor,  C.  M.  Sisco,  of  Arkansas. 

The  Valparaiso  Pharmaceutical  Association  has  elected  the 
following  officers:  President,  G.  C.  Chostner,  of  Missouri; 
vice-president,  O.  B.  Koger,  of  Kentucky;  secretary,  Floyd  T. 
Timmens.  of  Michigan ;  treasurer,  Rudolph  Myers,  of  Indiana. 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  V.Ph.-'V.  an  interesting  address 
on  pharmaceutical  possibilities  was  given  by  Prof.  Wisner, 
professor  of  pharmacy  and  materia  medica,  Valparaiso  Uni- 
versity. 


University   of   Michigan   School    of   Pharmacy. 

F.  F.  Ingram,  Jr.,  B.S.  (Pharm.),  '11,  gave  a  very  interesting 
and  instructive  talk  before  the  Prescott  Club  at  its  December 
meeting.  The  subject  was  perfumes  and  their'  manufacture. 
"Freddie"  is  particularly  fitted  to  speak  of  these  matters, 
having  spent   a   year  studying   the   subject   in   France. 

Percy  Mack,  Ph.C,  '12,  who  purchased  the  store  of  J.  A. 
Tice  in  this  city  has  built  up  a  fine  business  in  the  past  three 
months.  Mack  hopes  to  have  one  of  the  prescription  stores 
in  Ann  Arbor  very  soon. 

The  Freshman  class  gave  a  smoker  at  the  Michigan  Union 
recently  with  short  talks  by  President  Weaver,  Professor 
Stevens  and  Dr.  Hubbard. 

Professor  A.  B.  Stevens  spent  New  Year's  with  relatives  in 
Defiance,  Ohio. 

Miss  Ethel  Person,  Ph.C,  '11,  who  is  now  a  chemist  with 
Merck  &  Co.,  Rahway,  N.  J.,  spent  Christmas  with  her  mother 
in   Ann   Arbor. 

The  second  semester  opens  Feb.  9,  and  it  is  hoped  that  all 
have  done  good  enough  work  to  be  permitted  to  remain  the 
second  semester. 


N.T.C.P.  Alumni  Honor  Dean  Busby. 
The  18th  annual  dinner  of  the  New  York  College  of  Phar- 
macy, Columbia  University,  Alumni  Association,  held  at  the 
Chemists'  Club,  was  chosen  as  the  occasion  to  celebrate  the 
25th  anniversary'  of  Henry  H.  Rusby's  connection  as  dean  of 
the  institution,  the  SO  or  more  persons  present  having  assembled 
to  do  him  honor.  A  silver  chocolate  set  was  presented  to 
Dr.  Rusby  by  the  Alumni  Association.  The  college  faculty 
gave  him  a  silver  loving  cup.  Professor  C.  P.  Wimmer  offici- 
ated as  toastmaster,  being  introduced  in  this  capacity  by  Dr. 
Joseph  Weinstein,  president  of  the  association.  The  after- 
dinner  speakers  were  W.  H.  Carpenter,  provost  of  Columbia 
University;  Dr.  C.  F.  Chandler,  vice-president  of  the  college 
and  professor  emeritus  of  chemistry;  Dr.  Wm.  Jay  Schieffelin, 
who  spoke  in  behalf  of  the  college  trustees;  Professor  George 
C.  Diekman,  speaking  for  the  faculty  and  who  presented  Dr. 
Rusby  with  the  faculty's  token  of  loyalty  and  fidelity,  the  silver 
loving  cup:  the  dean,  Thomas  F.  Main,  secretary  of  the 
college,  a  founder,  and  honorary'  president  of  the  association, 
and  E.   W.  Runyon,  '73. 


College    of    Pharmacy    University    of    Minnesota. 

The  first  semester  closed  on  Jan.  24  and  the  semester  ex- 
aminations began  on  Monday,  Jan.  26,  and  continued  through- 
out the  week.  The  regular  work  of  the  second  semester 
begins  Feb.  4. 

The  work  in  botany  was  reduced  from  six  hours  per  week  to 
four  hours,  to  enable  the  class  to  begin  work  in  the  junior 
pharmaceutical  laboratory  in  the  subject  of  weights  and  meas- 
ures and  the  physics  of  pharmacy.  This  work  began  about 
Dec.  1.  The  new  instructor,  C.  H.  Rogers,  is  conducting  this 
laboratory'  work.  The  senior  work  in  dispensing  was  increased 
somewhat  last  year  and  continued  to  the  end  of  the  first 
semester. 

Among  the  new  equipment  received  diu'ing  November  and 
December  were  120  tablet-arm  chairs,  32  additional  steel  storage 
lockers,  100  stools  for  the  pharmacognosy  laboratory,  phar- 
macognosy steel  chart-case,  IS  steel  portable  drug  bins,  each  of 


appro.ximately  100  pounds  capacity,  a  series  of  animal  cages 
for  guinea-pigs,  rabbits,  dogs  and  roosters,  a  drug  thresher, 
3  additional  drug-drying  ovens,  which  have  been  connected 
with  the  two  chying  ovens  already  placed  in  the  pharma- 
cognosy  plant    laboratory-    basement,    a    10   h.p.    electric   motor. 

The  supply  of  crude  chugs  for  the  work  in  pharmacognosy 
has  arrived.  In  the  neighborhood  of  350  different  samples 
were  received,  each  representing  the  very  best  obtainable  com- 
mercial drug.  The  order  probably  represents  the  finest  assort- 
ment of  _  vegetable  drugs  ever  brought  into  the  Northwest. 
The  specimens  with  others  already  on  hand  have  been  arranged 
alphabetically  in  the  new  steel  dust-proof  drug  drawers,  of 
which  there  are  550.  A  sufficient  quantity  of  each  drug  has 
been  procured  so  that  every  student  wiil  be  given  a  sample 
for  his  permanent  collection  and  a  quantity  for  drug  powdering. 

Practically  the  entire  crop  of  official  vegetable  drugs,  har- 
vested from  the  medicinal  plant  garden  the  past  season  by  the 
classes  in  pharmacognosy,  has  been  packed  into  air-tight  glass 
jars.  A  large  amount  of  this  material  will  be  used  for  com- 
parative work  with  commercial  drug  samples  and  for  the 
manufacture  of  pharmaceutical  preparations. 

Professor  W.  H.  Taft,  now  Kent  Professor  of  Law  at  Yale 
and  formerly  President  of  the  United  States,  will  deliver  a 
series  of  lectures  at  the  University  beginning  early  in  March. 

Michigan  C.P.  Graduate  Emulates  Ford. 
Thirty-two  employees  of  the  Tompkins-Coopemail  Com- 
pany, Utica,  N.  Y.,  owned  by  J.  W.  Tompkins,  who  have  been 
connected  with  the  company's  store  on  Genesee  street  for 
from  two  to  five  years,  have  just  been  made  the  recipients  of 
gifts  of  money  from  Mr.  Tompkins  aggregating  the  total  of 
$2000.  Last  August  eight  young  women  in  the  store  were 
given  a  trip  to  Bermuda,  .all  e.^penses  being  borne  by  their 
employer,  approximating  something  over  SIOOO,  thus  making 
the  employees  during  the  year  beneficiaries  in  the  sum  of  $3000 
or  more.  Mr.  Tompkins  is  a  graduate  of  the  class  of  1877. 
University  of  Michigan  School  of  Pharmacy.  He  was  sched- 
uled to  attend  the  Michigan  Club's  annual  banquet  held  at 
the  Waldorf-.A-storia  Jan.  29.  Mr.  Tompkins  spent  four  years 
in  the  drug  business,  retiring  to  go  on  a  farm.  The  success 
of  a  country  peddler,  however,  inspired  his  interest  in  a  general 
merchandising  business.  He  first  attempted  to  peddle  to  the 
farmers,  but  failing  in  this  established  a  general  store  at 
Saugerties.  His  present  well-established  department  store  is 
the  outgrowth  of  that  initial  effort. 


B.  C.  P.  to  Hold  Commencement  in  Academy  of  Music. 

Thomas  J.  France,  chairman  of  the  committee  on  super- 
vision and  examination  of  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy, 
has  succeeded  in  securing  the  Academy  of  Music  for  that 
institution's  commencement  exercises  to  be  held  in  May.  Due 
to  the  academy  being  reserved  for  the  presentation  of  opera 
during  the  past  several  years,  the  college  had  been  obliged  to 
hold  its  commencement  in  less  commodious  quarters. 


Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy. 
John  R.  Rippetoe,  of  New  York  City,  delivered  the  sixth 
of  a  special  series  of  lectures  at  the  Philadelphia  College  of 
Pharmacy,  his  subject  being  "Applied  Pharmacognosy."  Mr. 
Rippetoe  based  his  remarks  upon  his  personal  experience  in 
the  laboratories  of  the  larger  pharmaceutical  manufacturing 
houses. 


JOHN  WESLEY  HYATT  GIVEN  PEiRKIN  MEiDAL. 


At  a  well-attended  meeting  of  the  Society  of  Chemical  In- 
dustry, held  on  Jan.  23,  1914,  at  Rumford  Hall,  New  York 
City,  the  Perkin  Medal  for  the  year  was  awarded  to  John 
Wesley  Hyatt,  the  mventor  of  the  first  practical  method  for 
making  pyro.xylin  plastics  without  the  use  of  solvents,  and 
founder  of  the  enormous  industry  represented  by  The  Celluloid 
Company.  In  a  masterly  address,  Professor  Charles  F.  Chand- 
ler, of  Columbia  University,  outlined  the  attempts  made  to 
produce  nitro-cellulose  plastics  prior  to  Hyatt's  work  and 
showed  ho%v  Hyatt's  method  of  applying  heat  and  pressure  ob- 
viated all  the  difficulties  introduced  by  the  use  of  solvents.  Mr. 
Hyatt,  who  is  still  connected  with  the  Newark  firm,  responded 
in  a  delightful  vein  full  of  humor.  Mr.  Frank  Vanderpoel, 
one  of  Mr.  Hyatt's  co-workers,  paid  a  warm  personal  tribute 
to  the  inventor  as  a  man. 


THE    PTIAK:\rACEUTICAL    ERA 


[February,  191-4 


Board  Examinations 


District  of  Columbia. 
WASHINGTON.  Jan.  20.— As  a  result  of  the  recent  quarterly 
examinations  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy  of  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia the  following  have  been  licensed  to  practice  pharmacy:  Wil- 
liam Armstrong  Boyd,  Eugene  Cecil  Brockman,  Andrew  Bennett 
Brown,  George  Frederick  Clayton,  William  Daniel  Barnett  and 
Armand  Gardos.  The  next  examinations  of  the  board  will  be  held 
April  9  and   la 


Massachusetts. 

BOSTON,  Jan.  2a— The  Massachusetts  Board  of  Registration  in 
Pharmacy  has  organized  by  the  selection  of  Charles  F.  Ripley, 
of  Taunton,  as  president  and  Albert  J.  Brunnelle,  of  Fall  River, 
as  secretarj-.  Mr.  Ripley  succeeds  William  S.  Flint,  of  Worcester, 
and  is  a  former  secretary  of  the  board,  and  Mr.  Brunelle  succeeds 
P.  J.  McCorniick,  who  retired  from  the  board  by  reason  of  the 
expiration  of  his  term.  He  is  succeeded  by  William  S.  Briry,  of 
Melrose. 

The   following  persons   have  been   registered   as   pharmacists: 

Charles  F.  Archer,  Dorchester;  G.  A.  Beane,  Lynn;  Leland  H. 
McEvoy,  Boston;  William  Meisner,  Springfield:  John  C.  Warwick, 
Boston;  John  J.  Burns,  Dorchester;  John  F.  Fagan,  Dorchester; 
Wm.  J.  Gilcreast,  Lowell;  Edward  R.  Adams,  Norwood;  Warren 
B.  Colon.  Dorchester;  Ambrose  M.  Joyce,  Quincy;  Harry  F. 
Keeney,  Roxbury;  Carl  B.  Carlsen,  Cambridge;  James  A.  Benson, 
Fall  River;  Maurice  E.  Cleary,  Cambridge;  Sylvia  Gorshol,  Chel- 
sea; Freeman  Phillips,  Lynn;  William  J.  Poisson,  New  Bedford; 
Alfred  J.  E.  Schmidt,  Newark,  N.  J.;  Charles  J.  Tanner,  New 
Bedford;   William   E.    Warner,   New  York. 

The  following  were  granted  Assistant  Certificates— George  J. 
Enwright,  Lowell;  Clarence  U.  Folster,  Fairhaven;  H.  A.  Mac- 
donald.  Somerville;  Louis  Kriesman,  Somerville;  Harry  R.  Camp 
bell,  Lowell;  Edward  F.  Foley,  Lynn;  Charles  A.  Kidder,  Lynn; 
George  C.  Schicks,  Lowell;  Thomas  M.  Barry.  Lynn;  Rodolphe  C 
Bonin,  Lynn;  Antonio  A.  Delage,  Boston;  \Valter  J.  Hutchinson, 
Somerville:  William  H.  Ryan,  Waltham;  George  J.  Watters, 
Somerville;  C.  W.  Devanna,  Maiden:  Lawrence  Cunningham, 
Lawrence;  Albert  M.  Fazioli,  Everett;  Willard  A.  Hodges,  East 
Milton;  Romeo  G.  Lavoie,  Holyoke;  Rodrigue  Valliere,  Holyoke. 


Nebraska. 
CLEARWATER,  Jan.  20.— The  Nebraska  State  Board  of  Ex- 
aminers has  organized  by  the  election  of  the  following  officers: 
President,  D.  J.  Killen.  Beatrice;  vice-presidents,  E.  W.  McCon- 
nell,  McCook  and  S.  E.  Ewing,  Cresten;  treasurer.  Orel  Jones. 
Oconto:  secretary,  J.  Earle  Harper,  Clearwater.  The  examina- 
tions for  the  year  will  be  held  on  the  second  Wednesday  and  the 
following  Thursday  of  February,  May.  August  and  November. 
The  next  examination  will  be  held   in  Omaha   Feb.    11-12. 


New  York. 
The    number   of   penalties   paid    the    board    during   the    month    of 
December,   also  the   character  of  the  violations,   was   as   follows: 

Adulterated    and    deficient    prescriptions 10 

Adulterated    and   deficient   pharraacopoeial    products..  12 

Junior   violations    5 

Non-registration    of    pharmacy 1 

Total    28  cases 


cine;  Alvin  G.  Kitzerow,  Milwaukee;  Arthur  J.  Richter,  Fond  du 
Lac;  William  J,  Schcitinger,  Milwaukee;  Lester  U.  Jackson.  Beloit; 
Sidney  A.  Ingersoll.  Milwaukee;  Fred  K.  Schmitt.  Milwaukee; 
Ralph  E.  Lowell.  .-Kppleton;  Henry  Nutzhorn,  Dallas;  David  S. 
Crocker,  Iron  River;  Edward  Fleming,  Racine;  Anton  J.  Socha, 
Edgar;  Malhias  H.  Regncr,  West  Bend;  Harold  W.  Tuttle,  Beloit. 
Assistant  Pharmacist  Certificates — Walter  W.  Klug,  Milwaukee; 
Louis  Self,  Neillsville;  Earl  T.  Cunningham,  Milwaukee;  Ralph 
Kraft,  Milwaukee;  Leo.  J.  H.  I'asching.  Eau  Claire:  Emil  J.  C. 
Wegner.  Milwaukee;  Henry  T.  Uclling,  Applelon;  Frank  O.  Fisher, 
Fond  du  Lac;  Merritt  R.  Bach,  Beloit;  Harry  A.  Epstein,  Mil- 
waukee; Elizabeth  Kucer.i.  La  Crosse;  M.  Lee  Alberts,  Milwau- 
kee: Gustav  il.  Flygt,  Park  Falls;  N'ictor  L.  N.  Ziarnik,  Mil- 
waukee; Harry  F.  Sutherland,  Sparta;  Robert  Ferber.  West  .^llis; 
William  D.  McGuan,  Milwaukee:  Edward  W.  Panter,  Grand 
Rapids;  Clarence  C.  Bennett,  Jr.,  Milwaukee;  Ernest  Schultz, 
Columbus;  Howard  O.  Schulz,  Ocononiowoc;  Joel  D.  Leslie,  Mil- 
waukee: Martha  A.  Long,  Waukesha;  Frank  X.  A.  Krawczak, 
Milwaukee. 


Vermont. 
MONTPELIER,  Jan.  20.— At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Vermont 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy  the  following  officers  were  elected: 
President,  E.  G.  McClallen,  of  Rutland;  secretary.  M.  G.  Beebe, 
of  Burlington:  treasurer.  W.  L.  Gokay,  of  Bennington.  The  other 
members  to  complete  the  board  are  W.  F.  Root,  of  Brattleboro, 
and   D.   F.   Davis,  of  Lyndonville. 

Wasliingi:on. 
That  several  drug  stores  in  Spokane  and  other  parts  of  the 
State  of  Washington  are  endangering  the  health  and  lives  of 
customers  by  having  prescriptions  calling  for  potent  drugs  put  up 
by  unregistered  clerks  and  by  clerks  who  have  even  failed  to 
pass  the  examinations  before  the  board  of  pharmacy,  was  the 
atateraent  of  Secretary  D.  B.  Gairjson  of  the  State  Pharmacy 
Board  at  its  session  in  January.  "The  board  has  decided  to  pro- 
ceed against  such  cases  as  fast  as  possible  by  means  of  publicity 
before  taking  more  drastic  action."  said  Mr.  Garrison.  VVe  shall 
not  wait  until  we  have  rounded  up  all  the  violators  of  the  phar- 
macy board's  ruling  but  shall  give  to  the  newspapers  as  fast  as 
listed  the  names  of  stores  and  firms  violating  the  law  As  part 
of  our  new  work  we  have  raised  the  standard  required  of  appli- 
cants, requiring  that  they  attain  a  general  average  of  /5  per  cent. 
in  all  subjects,  with  not  less  than  60  per  cent  in  any  one  of  thern 
Furthermore,  four  of  the  five  subjects  will  have  to  be  above  70 
per  cent.  Our  State  pharmacy  requirements  are  now  as  drastic 
as  those  of  any   State    in  the   Union." 

Wisconsin. 

MADISON.  Jan.  20.-Out  of  77  applicants  the  Wisconsin  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  granted  40  certificates^  following  the  '-^^f'^^- 
i^on,  which  was  concluded  yesterday.  The  next  "Letting  of  h. 
board  will  be  held  in  Madison,  April  14  to  17.  Those  granted 
certificates    included  the   following:       „       .,  i        ti      .     mi 

Registered  Pharmacist  Certificates-Sr.  M..  Gonsalva  Hunt  Mil- 
waukee;   Ernest   H.    Koehler,   Milwaukee;   Sigurd    C.    Helland.    Ra- 


NEWS  OF  THE  BOARDS. 


The  Iowa  State  Pharmacy  Commission  has  been  brought  face  to 
face  with  a  question  under  the  liquor  laws  and  upon  which  the 
body  must  make  a  ruling.  A  druggist  in  Iowa,  even  if  he  has 
no  permit  to  sell  intoxicating  liquors,  may  keep  on  hand  "a  suf- 
ficient quantity"  of  whiskey,  brandy  and  wine  to  use  as  com- 
ponents of  prescriptions.  The  question  now  is:  How  much  is  a 
"sufficient    amount?" 

Gov.  Dunne,  of  Illinois,  has  appointed  Thomas  D.  Gregg,  of 
Harrisburg.  that  State,  as  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy, to  succeed  H.  C.  Christensen,  of  Chicago.  Mr.  Christensen 
was  a  Republican  member  of  the  Board  for  seven  years.  At  its 
annual  meeting  the  Board  organized  by  the  election  of  F.  J.  Pro- 
vost, president,  and  F.  C.  Dodds,  secretary.  L.  L.  Mzarek  is  vice- 
president 

There  are  1801  registered  pharmacists  in  Kansas,  according  to 
the  report  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  filed  Jan.  7  with  the 
Governor.  The  receipts  during  the  year  amounted  to  $4385  and  the 
expenditures  S-*273.59.  W.  F.  Henrion,  of  Wichita,  is  president, 
and   W.    E.    Sheriff,   of   Ellsworth,    secretary    of    the    board. 

The  Washington  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  organized  by  the 
election  of  the  following  officers;  President,  Cornelius  Osseward, 
Seattle,  1914;  F.  D.  Marr,  Tacoma,  1915;  A.  F.  Maxwell,  Pullman, 
1916;  V.  T.  McCroskey.  Colfax,  1917;  secretary,  D.  B.  Garrison, 
Connell,   1918. 


NEW   CORPORATIONS. 


American   Radium  Pharmaceutical   Co.,   Chicago;   capital,   $10,000. 
National    Co-operative    Drug    Co.,    New    York;    capital.    $1,000,000 

(Delaware  corporation);  incorporators,  H.  K.  Wood,  J.  F.  Curtin 

and  H.   O.   Coiighlan.    New   York   City. 
Mobra  Chemical  Co.   (Delaware  corporation);  capital.  $250,000;  A.  N. 

Bowman,  Jr.,  Scranton,   Pa.;  L.  C.  Heine,   Bethlehem,  Pa.,  and 

E.    Collins,    tr..    Edgewater   Park,   N.   J. 
Gaffney   Drug  Co.,   Columbia.   S.   C. ;   capital,  $13,000;  J.    C.   Creech, 

Jr.;  J.  A.  Wood  and  C.  L.  Flack. 
McBirney  Drug  Co.,  Cincinnati;  capital,  $10,000;  H.  E.  Stoes,  E.  T. 

McBirnev,  E.  H.   Foster,  T.  A.  Pacht  and  Earl  Mann. 
Farmville  Pharmacy,  Farmville,  Va.;  capital,  $1000  to  $20,000;   Wil- 
liam E.  Anderson,  president;  R.   L.   Paulett,  secretary-treasurer. 
R.    A.    Ellington    Drug   Co,    Inc.,    Murphv.    N.    C;   capital,   $10,000; 

R.   A.  Ellington,  J.  T.  Taylor,  J.  H.   Moore,  J.  O.   Ragsdale,  of 

Madison,  and  A.  J.  Ellington,  of  Reidsville. 
Pharmo    Products    Co.,    Chicago,    medicines,    medicinal    compounds, 

drugs,    etc.;    capital,    $100,000;    Nathan    S.    Smyser,    Charles    R. 

Young   and    Arthur  A.    Basse. 
Corner   Drug    Store,    Abilene,    Tex.;    capital,    $10,000;    incorporators, 

W.   A.   Bride,  J.   M.  Magee  and  George  R.   Harris. 
McDuffie-Mav   Drug  Co.,    Nettleton,    Miss.;    capital,   $50,000. 
Ruby  Drug  Co..   Ruby,  S.   C;  capital,  $3000. 

Pfaltz  &  Bauer.   Inc.,  Manhattan;  capital.  $75,000;  H.   Pfaltz,  New- 
ark. N.   J.;   F.   M.  Bauer,  Rockaway  Park;  T.   E.  Price,  Jersey 

City,  N.  J. 
Rocky    Mountain    Drug    Co.,    Stevensville,    Mont;    capital,    $5000; 

Lena  Miser.  John  Dowling,  S.  S.  Tilman. 
Purity   Products  Co.,  pharmaceutical  chemists.   Manhattan;   capital, 

$50,000:  L.  E.  Orcutt,  W.  A.  Morxley.  A.  G.  Odell. 
Hinkle    Pill    and    Tablet    Co..    Chicago;    M.    M.    Franey,    Asher   J. 

Goldfine   and   Harry   P.   Munns. 
Enno    Sander    Seltzer    and    Soda    Co.,    St.    Louis;    capital,    $75,000; 

Louis  Meng  and  Otto  J.   Presser. 
The  Nval  Co.,   Detroit.  Mich.;  capital,  $2,500,000;  $1,178,000  paid  in. 
Wells  Pharmacal  Co.,  St  Louis;  capital,  $10,000;  Stanley  W.  Wells, 

L.  C.  Wells,  Edwin  J.   French. 
C.    J.    Moffett    Medicine    Co.,    St.    Louis;    Walter    R.    Mayne    and 

others. 
Dockum  Drug  Co.,  Wichita,  Kan.;  capital,  $40,000;  Harry   Dockum, 

Clyde    Sanders,    Ralph   Quackenbush   and   Miss   H.    (5anzborn. 
Herb   Juice   Medicine    Co.,    Jackson,   Tenn.;   tapital,   $25,000;    B.    J. 

Lifsey,  W.  B.  Lemmon  and  others. 


BUSINESS  TROUBLES. 


Harry  T.  Stirling,  druggist,  Quincy,  Mass.;  liabilities,  $1356;  as- 
sets. $450 

Dougald  Forsythe,  druggist,  Redfields,  Iowa;  assets,  $2103;  liabili- 
ties, $3107.05. 

Lloyd  B.  Huron,  "Live  Wire  Drug  Store,"  Tipton,  Ind. ;  assets, 
$3500;   liabilities,  $8000. 

Adolphus  C  Loewe,  druggist,  Maynard,  Mass.;  assets,  none;  lia- 
bilities,  $8347.93. 


Getting  after  the  Sundries  Sales. 

Eov)  F.  A.  Epstein,  of  Boston,  Swells  His  Profits  by  Pushing 
Every  Line  He  Carries  in  His   Tremont  Row  Store. 

FA.  EPSTEIN,  of  the  Epstein  Drug  Co.,  at  28  Tremont 
Row,  is  one  of  the  "live  wires"  of  Boston  in  the  matter 
*  of  merchandising.  In  fact,  as  has  abeady  been  told  in 
the  Era,  Mr.  Epstein  is  primarily  a  drug  merchant,  and  the 
shop  location,  on  one  of  the  busiest  comers  in  New  England, 

where  the  tides  of  humanity 
fiow  past  from  the  West  and 
North  Ends  to  the  financial 
and  shopping  centers,  while 
on  the  other  side  of  the  store 
the  business  which  is  drawn 
to  the  courthouse  and  State 
House  flows  past  all  day 
long  is  almost  ideal.  Then 
the  further  fact,  that  one  of 
the  busiest  subway  stations 
is  opposite  the  store,  increases 
its  importance  as  a  shopping 
center. 

But   the  Epstein  Drug  Co. 

does  not  depend  altogether  on 

the    fact    that    they    have    a 

good    location   to   bring   them 

business.      Money     was     not 

spared  to  make  the  drug  store 

F.  A.  Epstein'  attractive,     both     inside     and 

cut.   and   it  has  paid. 

"I   believe   in   signs,"   Mr.    Epstein   said,    "both    inside   and 

outside.    Too  many  druggists  run  back-shops  and  dingy  places, 

gloomy  inside  and  outside.     I  believe  in  signs  and  lights.    We 

have  just  had  all  our  signs  made  new,  not  only  repainted,  but 

entirely  new  signs.     It  cost  a  lot  of  money,  but  I  believe  it 

pays.     I  travel  about  the  country-  a  good  deal   by  automobile, 

and  I  can  tell  the  moment  I  see  a  drug  store  what  kind  of  a 

merchant  the   owner   is.     If  I   see  a   drug  store   with   bright 

yellow  and  black  signs  I  know  the  druggist   is  a  live   wire. 

"Every  druggist,  however,  must  make  a  study  of  his  ovra 
location.  We  are  able  to  do  things  and  handle  articles  here 
that  might  not  be  done  in  Washington  street  or  uptown.  But 
if  I  were  in  a  country  to^vn  I  would  make  a  study  of  the 
situation  and  aim  to  meet. the  special  conditions  that  existed 
there. 

"The  great  thing  is  buying  the  right  merchandise  at  the 
righ:  price.  Too  many  druggists  measure  merchandise  as  they 
do  prescriptions.  We  aim  to  display  only  seasonable  goods  in 
our  windows.  Only  in  the  hot  Summer  days  would  I  put 
talcum  powder  in  our  show  windows.  On  a  cold  day  we 
display  lung  protectors,  chamois  vests,  or  hot  water  bottles,  or 
other  seasonable  goods.  On  rainy  days  umbrellas  are  always 
among  the  leaders.  And  whatever  we  display  I  aim  to  make 
attractive  in  price.  We  will  put  a  49-cent  water  bottle  in  the 
window,  and  when  the  customer  inquires  for  it  we  show  it, 
and  also  show  superior  goods.  But  we  aim  to  give  the  cus- 
tomer what  he  wants  and  just  as  quickly  as  possible.  We 
have  arranged  the  stock  in  the  store  so  that  service  will  be 
expeditious. 

"The  druggist,  as  truly  as  the  merchant,  must  sell  his  goods 
ai  low  as  his  competitor.  If  we  couldn't  do  that  I  would  go 
out  of  business.  As  a  general  thing,  the  small  druggist  is  at  a 
disadvantage  on  this  point,  but  the  buying  clubs  and  the  get- 


together  spirit  that  is  growing  in  these  days  may  help  him. 

■'The  ability  to  buy  right  merchandise  at  the  right  price  is 
the  secret  of  success.  \\'e  have  sold  a  great  many  rubber  door 
mats — a  $1  door  mat  for  49  cents.  I  am  finding  toys  very 
popular  and  profitable.  Everybody  loves  children,  whether 
they  have  them  of  their  own  or  not,  and  customers  who  come 
in  for  one  thing,  seeing  the  toys,  often  buy  them  for  the  little 
ones  at  home.  ^Moderate  priced  toys,  25  and  50  cents,  are  the 
most  popular.  We  carry  celluloid  dolls,  teddy  bears,  long- 
haired animals,  red  rubber  animals,  and  they  are  all  good 
sellers.  We  have  sold  500  clocks  at  39  cents  in  a  week.  They 
cost  23  cents. 

"Once  we  made  a  specialty  of  fountain  pens,  but  when 
everybody  got  into  the  business  we  dropped  them  and  turned 
to  other  things.  We  still  carrj'  them,  but  do  not  attempt  to 
specialize.  We  carry  tea  and  coffee,  one  grade  of  each,  both 
S.  S.  Pierce  brands,  and  here,  in  Boston,  that  name  sells  them. 
I  prefer  to  handle  an  article  that  sells  well,  and  keeps  moving, 
than  to  handle  a  less  knovs-n  article  at  a  slightly  larger  profit, 
that  does  not  sell  itself. 

"We  have  sold  1000  Duplex  razors  at  11  cents  each  that 
cost  12  cents.  But  that  loss  was  more  than  made  up  in  the 
sale  of  accessories — blades,  brushes,  soaps  and  pastes  and 
toilet  articles.  Many  a  beginner  came  in  here  and  bought  a 
razor  at  11   cents  and  then  bought  a  complete  equipment. 

"We  are  about  to  put  in  law  blanks  and  typewTiter  sup- 
plies, because  here  in  this  location  I  believe  we  can  sell  them. 
Stationery  is  a  profitable  line.  We  are  selling  japanned  cash 
boxes  at  39  and  49  cents.  We  constantly  test  new  specialties. 
Here  on  this  comer  we  have  developed  a  power  to  sell 
many  things  which  other  places  could  not  handle,  and  which 
once  we  could  not  have  sold.  It  was  an  imattractive  comer 
before  we  took  it,  and  made  it  what  it  is.  We  will  sell  any- 
thing the  people  want.  We  are  contemplating  putting  in  a  line 
of  fancy  groceries,  like  olives  and  pickles  and  sardines.  We 
sell  now  on  our  fountain  counter  sandwiches  and  doughnuts 
and  pie.  We  serve  a  cup  of  coffee,  a  doughnut  and  a  piece 
of  cheese  for  five  cents.  We  always  carry  ham,  chicken,  cheese 
and  sardine  sandwiches,  and  all  day  long  the  counter  is  full. 

"We  aim  to  serve  the  people.  We  aim  to  get  the  right 
merchandise  at  the  right  price.  Instead  of  being  merely  a 
drug  store,  the  successful  drug  store  of  the  future  will  be  a 
department  drug  store." 


Being  "On  the  Job"  as  a  Cash  Asset. 

THERE  is  a  lesson  in  progressive  merchandising  in  the 
action  of  the  drug  firm  of  Hilton  &  Heffner,  Lock  Haven, 
Pa.,  on  two  occasions  recently,  when  a  public  demand 
was  foreseen  and  crystallized  into  good,  clean  cash — several 
hundreds  of  dollars  of  new  business  going  into  the  till. 

Within  a  few  days  of  the  first  of  December  last  an  an- 
nouncement was  made  in  the  Pennsylvania  newspapers  that  the 
new  sanitation  law  which  went  into  effect  on  Dec.  1  banished 
the  roller  towel,*  among  its  other  reforms.  The  following 
morning  the  enterprising  young  salesman  from  the  Hilton  & 
Heffner  drug  store  called  at  all  the  hotels,  barber  shops,  etc., 
and  left  a  sample  outfit  of  absorbent  paper  towels. 
This  practical  demonstration  by  the  drug  firm  resulted  in  such 
a  demand  the  ne.xt  day  for  these  goods  that  the  stock  on  hand 
was  completely  sold,  and  a  further  supply  was  ordered  by 
telegraph.  But  a  sufficient  supply  was  distributed  to  allow 
of  the  banishment  of  the  roller  towel  over  night.  Glasses  and 
tumblers  were  removed  from  the  water  spigots  in  wash  rooms, 


80 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[February,  1914 


and  from  the  ice-water  tanks  and  coolers,  and  sanitary  paper 
cups  were  substituted — and  Hilton  &  Heffner  took  the  business 
because  they  were  sufficiently  farsighted  to  have  provided  for 
the  rush. 

"We  got  busy  immediately,"  said  Mr.  Heffner,  "and  securea 
a  nice  lot  of  business  as  a  result  of  bein,s  first  in  the  field. 
All  told,   we  cleaned   up  several   hundred   dollars — nice,   clean, 


We  will  pay  the  postage  on  all  orders  sent  by  parcel 
post  amounting  to  50  cents  or  over,  and  can  in  cases 
of  emergency  send  liquids  in  special  mailing  cases, 
of  which  we  have  a  full  supply  on  hand. 

We  have  placed  your  name  on  our  special  mailing 
list  and  you  will  receive  advertising  matter  and  sam- 
ples from  drug  houses  manufacturing  medicines  of  all 


The  Passing  of 

The  Roller  Towel 

Which  1b  now  onUawed  in  PenDSylvanU  removES  one  uf  tbe  most 
effirlent  m^ana  for  the  tracsmisslon  ol  dlscAse  germs. 

Hotels.  Baiber  Shops,  Store«,  Factories  and  all 
public  places  will  find 

Aseptic  Paper  Towels 

the  sensible  and  economical  substitute 

150  Towels  on  a  roll  35  cents 

Fixture*,  25c  to  $1.00 


Benders  Liquid  Soap 

25c  bottle  75c  quart  $2.50  gallon 


Liquid  Soap  Holders       $1.00  each 

1  HILTON  &  HEFFNER 

>  VP-TO  DATE  DRUGGISTS 

\  Cradoale  Prescription  Service  Night  and  Da} 


How  Hilton  &  Heffner  Advertised  Paper  Specialties. 


cash  business — in  a  short  time,  and  we  have  been  getting  repeat 
orders  ever  since." 

Hilton  &  Heffner  got  into  the  parcel  post  delivery  business 
almost  at  the  outset.  The  firm  had  always  had  a  good  mail- 
order business,  and  with  the  advent  of  the  new  Government 
carrying  system,  advei-tised  its  advantages^  and  immediately 
offered  to  pay  the  postage  on  all  parcel  post  orders  sent  them 
amounting  in  value  to  50  cents  or  more.  A  special  parcel 
post  map  of  the  United  States  with  Lock  Haven  as  the  center 
of  the  first  zone,  together  with  a  guide  and  the  post-office 
regulations,  was  conspicuously  displayed  in  the  Hilton  & 
Heffner  windows,  and  were  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the 
public.  Parcel  post  stamps  were  also  placed  on  sale  for 
the  accommodation  of  the  general   public. 

Hilton  &  Heffner  go  after  business  in  many  ways,  but  one 
of  the  most  effective  is  advertising^timely,  get-the-business 
advertising — which  is  combined  with  the  use  of  circulars  printed 
upon  the  firm's  letterhead  and  neatly  gotten  up  in  imitation 
of  typewriting.     One  of  their  recent  circulars  reads  as  follows: 

De.\<<  Sir: 

There  are  probably  very  few  weeks  in  the  year  in 
which  you  do  not  find  the  necessity  arises  for  some- 
thing from  the  drug  store  for  yourself  or  family,  or 
for  your  stock  or  animal  pets. 

Procrastination  is  not  only  a  "thief  of  time"  but 
also  of  lives  when  sickness  comes  and  the  tendency 
to  wait  till  someone  comes  to  town  has  many  times 
resulted  seriously.  • 

The  establishment  of  the  parcel  post  gives  us  the 
desired  opportunity  to  render  you  better  service  and 
practically  places  our  entire  drug  stock  at  your  service 
without  the  necessity  of  making  a  special  trip  to  town, 
or  sending  with  a  neighbor. 

We  have  established  a  parcel  post  mailing  depart- 
ment in  our  store  and  ask  you  to  send  us  your  orders 
by  mail  when  you   need  anything   in   the  drug   line. 


Parcels  Post 
Specia 


la  order  to  oztend  as  far  as  possible  our  sphere  of  usefulness  In 
this  section  of  the  sUte,  we  will  hereafter  PAY  THE  POSTAGE  on 
all  parcels  poet  orders  amounting  In  value  to  50c  or  over,  anywhere 
In  the  first  zone  (any  postofflce  or  ruial  route  within  50  miles  of  Lock 
Haven). 

Liquids  In  glass  (patent  medlctnes,  prescriptions,  etc.,)  are  mallr 
able  on  local  R.  F.  D.  routes  without  b&lng  enclosed  In  special  con- 
talner,  and,  In  order  to  take  full  advantage  of  this  provision,  we  have 
establlBhed  a  dally  messenger  service  to  Mill  Hall,  Rosecrans,  Logan- 
ton  atid  Woolrlch,  so  that  we  can  send  liquids  of  this  character  by 
maU  to  Loclc  Haven  R.  F.  D.  No.  1,  MUl  Hall  R.  F.  D.  No.  1  and  No.  2. 
Salona  R.  F.  D.  No.  I,  Flemlngton,  Mill  Hall,  Salona,  Rosecrans,  Lo- 
ganton  Cbatliams  Run,  Woolrlch  and  Castanea  postofflces.  Liquids 
In  glass  mailed  to  other  postofflcea  will  have  to  be  sent  In  special 
containers,  for  which  nominal  charge  will  be  made,  which  charge  will 
be  refunded  on  return  of  container. 


Hilton  &  Heffner 

The  Largest  Drug  Store  in  Clinton  County 


The  Announcement  of  Parcel  Post  Free  Delivery. 


kinds.  We  do  not  send  this  list  to  any  concern  that 
is  not  reliable  and  whose  goods  we  cannot  recommend, 
and  if  you  wish  to  try  any  of  these  medicines  you 
can  order  them  sent  by  mail. 

If  you  have  a  telephone  you  can  order  by  'phone, 
as  we  have  both  Bell  and  Commercial  'phones.  Re- 
mittances can  be  made  by  check,  money  order,  or  one 
or  two-cent  stamps,  and  we  will  give  your  orders 
prompt  attention. 

We  are  enclosing  a  special  parcel  post  bargain  list 
containing  seasonable  items  which  will  show  you  the 
exceptional  advantage  you  enjoy  when  purchasing 
from  us.  Our  business  is  the  largest  drug  business 
in  this  part  of  the  State,  and  when  you  purchase 
medicines  from  us  you  are  getting  them  in  the  freshest 
and  best  condition,  as  our  stock  is  being  replenished 
every  week-day  of  the  year,  our  records  showing  that 
over  400  different  freight  and  express  shipments  were 
received  by  us  last  year. 

We  employ  carefully  trained  college  men  in  com- 
pounding prescriptions  and  manufacturing  our  medi- 
cines, and  have  the  most  up-to-date  stock  in  this 
section  of  the  State. 

We  would  appreciate  your  business. 
Very  truly  yours, 

Hilton  &  Heffner. 

Hilton  &  Heffner — "The  Quality  Drug  Store" — specialize 
through  a  parcel  post  mailing  department,  a  physicians'  supply 
department,  as  a  distributing  depot  for  the  State  Health  De- 
partment, and  are  wholesale  and  retail  dealers  in  "medicines, 
chemicals,  toilet  articles,  rubber  goods,  chamois  and  sponges, 
insecticides  and  spraying  materials." 

Promptness  and  efficiency  are  insisted  upon  and  the  key  to 
their  success  in  their  mail  order  business  is  the  announcement 
in  a  conspicuous  place  on  their  letterhead :  "All  orders  sent 
out  on  first  mail  after  receipt." 


Februaky,  1914] 


THE    PHARiLJiCEUTICAL    ERA 


81 


Restricting  the  Sale]of  "Coal  Tar"  Drugs. 

Kansas  City  Retail  Druggists'  Association  Inaugurates  Move- 
ment to  Prevent  the  Sale  of  Coal  Tar  Synthetics  Except 
Upon  Written  and  Non-Refillable  Prescriptions — What  Is 
Being  Done  Abroad. 

LAST  May  the  Kansas  City  Retail  Druggists'  Association 
took  the  first  action  by  any  organized  body  of  druggists 
in  this  country  in  regard  to  restricting  the  sale  of  coal- 
tar  sjTithetic,  narcotic  and  habit-forming  drugs.  This  body 
took  the  ground  that  present  laws  and  ordinances  regulating 
the  sale  of  such  drugs  are  violated  with  impunity,  and  that  as 
ordinances  have  proved  ineffective  the  State  Legislature 
should  be  asked  for  a  law  to  control  such  sales  absolutely. 
Such  restriction  was  indorsed  by  the  A. Ph. A.  and  the  A.M.A. 
last  Summer,  following  the.  action  of  the  Kansas  City  asso- 
ciation. 

According  to  the  figures  compiled  and  presented  by  the  asso- 
ciation, the  reported  number  of  cases  of  poisoning  by 
acetanilide,  where  administered  by  physicians,  total  94  aimu- 
ally ;  by  antipyrine,  68 ;  by  phenacetin,  43 ;  with  no  notice 
taken  of  the  many  fatalities  which  have  followed  the  indis- 
criminate use  of  such  drugs  by  the  laity.  In  the  association's 
presentation  of  the  case  to  the  Legislature  these  statements 
were  made: 

"Physicians  have  come  to  use  these  drugs  very  guardedly 
as  effects  seem  to  be  inexplicable.  Immediate  poisoning  seems 
to  result  from  reflex  action  before  the  drug  can  really  enter 
the  system;  in  other  cases  poisoning  occurs  by  absorption  of 
the  unchanged  drugs;  others  are  poisoned  by  reactions  which 
cannot  be  accounted  for.  The  fact  that  these  deadening  drugs 
are  poisons  in  the  true  sense  of  the  word  is  recognized  by 
members  of  the  medical  profession.  Toxic  effects  may  include 
cyanosis  (blueness)  of  the  nails,  skin  and  mucous  membrane, 
•dyspnea,  dilation  of  the  heart,  slow  breathing,  collapse,  pros- 
tration, delirium,  hallucination,  nausea,  vomiting,  dizziness, 
syncope,  hemorrhage,  subnormal  temperature,  rash,  eruptions 
and  itching,  redness  and  swelling,  blindness,  deafness,  profuse 
perspiration,  excessive  nervousness,  buzzing  in  ears,  weakness, 
stupor,  and  death." 

In  seeking  to  make  as  complete  a  presentation  of  the  evils 
resulting  from  the  indiscriminate  use  of  such  drugs,  the  Kan- 
sas City  association  obtained  letters  from  several  .American 
consuls  in  the  European  capitals;  from  Louis  Nathan,  the 
Parisian  chemist;  and  from  Dr.  Harvey  W.  Wiley,  formerly 
chief  chemist  of  the  United  States  Bureau  of  Chemistry  at 
Washington.  From  these  letters,  through  the  coiu-tesy  of  Presi- 
dent A.  N.  Doerschuk,  of  Kansas  City,  the  Era  is  privileged 
to  quote  the  following  excerpts: 

Dr.  Harvey  W.  Wiley: 

"I  do  not  believe  that  coal-tar  drugs  should  be  used  in  any 
food  product,  nor  in  any  medicinal  product  of  which  they  are 
not  an  essential  ingredient.  All  coal-tar  dyes  are  made  imder 
such  conditions  as  to  render  it  almost  impossible  to  predicate 
their  composition.  Especially  are  they  likely  to  contain  arsenic. 
My  attitude  in  regard  to  these  dyes,  while  I  was  in  charge  of 
the  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  was  one  of  absolute  prohibition. 
Not  being  able  to  secure  this,  I  insisted  that  only  a  limited 
number  should  be  permitted,  and  then  only  after  they  had  been 
certified  as  being  free  from  harmful  ingredients. 

"I  attempted  to  bring  prosecutions  against  those  who  used 
un'certified  dyes,  but  I  was  prevented  from  doing  so  by  my 
colleagues  on  the  so-called  Board  of  Food  and  Drug  Inspec- 
tion imless  I  was  able  to  bring  evidence  that  the  particular 
<3ye  in  question  was  injurious  to  health.  As  the  quantity  of 
dye  at  my  disposal  was  only  that  which  was  contained  in  the 
food  product,  such  a  determination  was,  of  course,  impossible. 
Thus  the  regulation  became  a  dead  letter,  and  the  indis- 
criminate use  of  coal-tar  dyes  was  permitted  against  my  advice 
and  earnest  protest. 

"The  synthetic  drugs  which  derive  from  coal-tar,  and  which 
exert  such  profoimd  influence  on  the  nerve  centers  and  the 
circulation,  in  my  opinion  should  also  be  strictly  controlled,  so 
as  to  be  used  only  under  the  direct  super\'ision  of  a  physician. 
Acetanilide  and  phenacetin  are  types  of  this  kind  of  producL 
These  drugs,  doubtless,  have  valuable  qualities  when  adminis- 
tered to  meet  certain  symptoms,  which  the  physician  alone 
should  judge.  Their  indiscriminate  sale,  therefore,  is  a  distinct 
and  continuing  threat  to  the  community. 


"I  am  in  the  deepest  sympathy  with  all  measures  which 
tend  to  restrict  to  legitimate  channels  the  traffic  in  powerful 
medicines  and  drugs,  not  only  those  of  coal-tar  origin,  but  no 
matter  of  what  origin.  I  trust  that  your  association  will  be 
successful  in  securing  a  strict  control  of  this  class  of  remedies." 


Withdrawn  in  Germany. 
A.  il.  Th.4CK.\r.\,  American  Consul-General,  Berlin,  Germany: 
"The  synthetic  and  sleep-producing  drugs,  such  as  veronal, 
veronal-soda,  sulfonal,  trional,  medirlal,  etc.,  have  been  with- 
drawn from  free  sale  as  a  result  of  incidents  of  poisoning 
following  their  use.  Drug  stores  may  sell  these  only  on  the 
presentation  of  a  physician's  order  which  must  not  be  refilled. 
Antipyrine,  acetanilide,  phenacetin,  migrainin,  pyramidon, 
aspirin  and  salipyrine  are  only  partially  withdrawn  but  must 
be  labeled  according  to  restrictions.  Regulations  governing  the 
sale  of  these  medicinal  preparations  have  been  issued  in  the 
form  of  Imperial  Cabinet  orders  after  the  workings  of  these 
preparations  in  question  have  been  investigated  at  length  in  the 
Imperial  Health  Office." 


Secret   Medicines   in    France. 
Louis  Naihax,  Chemist,  Paris,  France: 

"Coal-tar  products  and  synthetic  drugs  may  be  usually  sold 
by  pharmaciens  in  France  to  the  general  public  without  a 
physician's  prescription.  These  drugs  have  not  been  the  sub- 
ject so  far  of  legislation  in  this  country,  and  none  of  them 
are  included  in  the  poison  schedule.  Notwithstanding,  in  the 
event  of  harmful  or  untoward  effects  arising  from  an  overdose 
being  taken  by  the  purchaser  of  such  drugs  as  sulfonal, 
veronal,  trional,  acetanilide,  phenacetin,  etc.,  there  W'ould  be  an 
official  investigation  and  the  vendor  would  be  liable  to  a 
penalty.  He  would  be  prosecuted  for  infringing  a  law  which 
dates  from  1811,  prohibiting  the  sale  of  secret  remedies;  and 
"secret  remedies"  are  defined  as  any  substance  which  is  not 
inscribed  in  the  French  Code.x,  where  these  drugs  are  not 
found.  This  law  is  the  "Sword  of  Damocles"  hanging  over 
every  pharmacist  in   France." 


Fran'k  H.  Mason,  American  Consul-General  at  Paris: 

"It  may  interest  you  to  know  that  considerable  agitation  is 
making  itself  felt  in  this  country  in  regard  to  the  sale  of  this 
class  of  drugs  as  well  as  cocaine  and  opium,  all  of  which  are 
forbidden  luider  an  old  statute.  There  is,  however,  a  con- 
siderable quantity  sold,  it  having  been  brought  into  the  coun- 
try by  smugglers,  and  handled  through  unscrupulous  drug- 
gists. Numerous  arrests  have  been  made,  and  the  police  are 
doing  all  in  their  power  to  track  down  and  punish  the  very 
numerous  class  of  persons  who  are  making  their  living  out  of 
this  traffic  in  soporific  and  poisonous  drugs." 


Poisons   in    England. 
Clerk  op  the  Privy'  Council: 

"The  schedule  of  poisons  which  may  be  sold  so  labeled, 
only  by  registered  chemists  in  England,  as  amended  on  the 
12th  of  March,   1913,  includes: 

"Sulfonal  and  its  homologues,  whether  described  as  trional, 
tetronal,  or  any  other  trade  name  or  designation,  and  diethyl 
barbituric  acid,  and  all  other  alkaline,  aryl,  or  metallic  de- 
rivations therefrom,  whether  described  as  veronal,  proponal, 
medinal,  or  any  other  trade  name,  mark  or  designation.  All 
such  poisons  must  be  sent  out  in  bottles  or  packages  rendered 
distinguishable  by  touch  from  ordinary  containers." 


John  L.  GRirnTH,  American  Consul-General  at  London: 

"The  scheduling  of  veronal,  etc.,  as  poisons  was  done  be- 
cause of  the  frequent  cases  of  death  and  the  many  tmtoward 
effects  resulting  from  its  excessive  use.  Sulfonal  and  its  de- 
rivatives were  scheduled  for  the  same  reasons." 


Official  Prescription  Blanks  for  Narcotics  in  N.  Y.  ? 
Senator  Boylan  recently  introduced  into  the  State  legislattire 
a  bill,  drawn  up  by  Charles  B.  Towns,  which,  if  enacted, 
would  prohibit  any  druggist  from  filling  prescriptions  contain- 
chloral  and  cannabis  indica  or  to  sell  medicines  containing 
ing  opium,  morphine  and  its  derivatives,  cocaine,  eucaine, 
these  drugs,  except  on  official  prescription  blanks  bearing  the 
State  seal  furnished  by  the  State  Health  Commissioner.  A 
record  is  to  be  kept  of  the  number  of  blanks  issued  to  each 
physician,  and  each  blank  is  to  be  numbered  serially.     The  bill 


S2 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[February,  1914 


also  provides  that  the  prescription  shall  not  be  filled  10  days 
after  date  of  writing,  the  keeping  of  a  record  book,  the  giving 
of  a  certificate  to  the  purchaser,  the  keeping  of  carbon  copies  of 
prescription  and  certificate,  the  furnishing  of  official  order 
blanks  to  pharmacists,  physicians  and  dentists  for  securing 
narcotics  from  wholesalers,  etc.  Revocation  of  the  physician's 
or  druggist's  license  is  provided  for  violation  of  the  proposed 
law,    such   violation   also   constituting   a   misdemeanor. 


N.Y.    DRUG    EXPOSITION   LARGELY   ATTENDED. 


N.Y.S.P.A.  Features  Traveling  Propagandic  Exhibit. 
State  and  Local  Organizations  Co-operate. 

THE  most  successful  drug  exposition  ever  held  in  New 
York  City,  at  least  in  point  of  attendance,  was  that 
presented  at  Madison  Square  Garden,  Jan.  20-26,  in- 
clusive. The  main  floor  was  entirely  given  up  to  the  e.vhibits 
of  various  manufacturers  and  to  the  collective  exhibition  of 
the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociation.  In  getting 
up  the  latter  feature  the  organization  received  the  co-operation 
of  the  X.Y.R.D..A.,  the  Kings  County  Ph.S.,  Westchester 
County  Ph..\.,  G..\.S.,  and  the  Brooklyn  Ph..\.  The  exhibit 
consisted  of  the  N.Y.S.P..\.  propaganda  committee's  set  of 
official  preparations,  prepared  by  John  Roemer,  chairman  of 
the  committee,  and  which  will  later  be  shipped  to  various 
local  organizations  and  to  hospitals  throughout  the  State. 
The  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy  presented  an  interesting 
e-xhibit  of  pharmaceuticals,  chemicals  and  drawings  prepared 
by  its  students,  this  exhibit  being  under  the  supervision  of 
Dr.  Hy.  J.  J.  Kassebaum.  An  old  wooden  mortar  119  years 
old,  and  a  metal  mortar,  the  college  mortgage  having  been 
burned  in  the  latter  some  years  ago,  shared  attention  on  the 
part  of  the  public.  .\  model  dispensing  table,  over  which  was 
the  caption,  "Pharmacy  for  Pharmacists."  was  the  contribution 
of  J.  Leon  Lascoff.  .■Vn  interesting  display  of  crude  drugs, 
an  exhibit  of  the  foremost  pharmaceutical  journals,  practical 
demonstrations  of  urinanalysis  by  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein  and 
examples  of  the  old-time  and  modem  systems  of  prescription 
filing  were  other  features  of  this  unique,  ethical  pharmaceutical 
exhibit. 

The  National  Pharmaceutical  Society  maintained  a  booth  at 
which  goods  donated  for  its  bazaar  were  sold.  Dr.  Brothers 
had  charga  of  the  .\merican  Jledico-Pharmaceutical  .Associa- 
tion's exhibit.  The  Welch  Grape  Juice  Company,  of  West- 
field,  N.  Y.,  conducted  one  of  its  typcal  booths  at  which  the 
"habit  that  won't  get  you"  was  advocated.  The  .\merican 
Can  Company,  of  this  city,  'displayed  a  $35  adding  machine, 
the  usual  apparatus  of  this  sort  having  a  cypher  added  to  its 
price.  The  same  people  also  presented  for  the  druggists' 
inspection  all  kinds  and  sizes  of  cans.  The  .-American  Safety 
Razor  Company,  Brooklyn,  demonstrated  its  "Ever-Ready" 
Safety  Razor.  A  temple  of  borax  was  the  feature  of  The 
Pacific  Coast  Borax  Company,  this  city.  Charles  Numberg 
Co.,  Inc.,  New  York,  had  an  interesting  exhibit  showing  the 
various  steps  taken  in  the  preparation  of  their  product,  clinical 
thermometers.  The  .Armstrong  Cork.  Company,  New  York, 
displayed  corks,  of  course,  and  P.  C.  Blakiston's  Sons  &  Co., 
of  Philadelphia,  presented  an  interesting  exhibit  of  medical, 
chemical  and  pharmaceutical  te-xt-books.  In  the  N.Y.S.P.A. 
historical  section  Merck  &  Co.  exhibited  the  mortar  used  by 
Merck  in  1688. 

.Among  other  exhibitors  and  their  products  were: 
M.  H.  Petigor,  soda  fountains;  .A.  S.  Campbell  &  Co.,  metal 
hot-water  bottles;  The  Schwarzwaelder  Co.,  rubber  sheeting; 
The  Paroubec  Mfg.  Co.,  wrist  bandages;  Candy  Bros.  Mfg. 
Co.,  Simplex  A'acuum  Mfg.  Co.,  vacuum  bottles;  Eimer  & 
Amend,  automatic  disinfection  salvarsan  apparatus;  I.  W. 
Lyon  &  Sons,  tooth  powder;  Beech-Nut  Packing  Co.,  chewing 
gum;  Advance  Novelty  Candy  Mfg.  Co.,  cough  drops;  Thad- 
deus  Davids  Co.,  poligraf  lettering  system;  Dusal  Chemical 
Co.,  seidlitz  powders;  Thompson  &  Morris  Co.,  cellular  ex- 
press box ;  The  Empress  Mfg.  Co.,  hair  color  restorer ;  Clysmic 
Spring  Co.,  bottled  water;  "Prana"  Carbonic  Syphon  Co., 
sj-phons,  and  Wentz  &  Co.,  advertising  stamps. 

A  noticeable  feature  at  the  exposition  was  the  laudable 
manner  in  which  exhibitors  refused  to  give  out  drug  samples 
to  other  than  druggists.  The  Era  representative  overheard 
one  exhibitor  call  back  a  lady  and  take  back  a  sample  she  had 
collected,  after  having  coiirteously  advised  her  not  to  take 
samples  of  medicines   about  which  she  had  no  knowledge. 


The  crush  became  so  great  on  Friday  night  of  the  exposi- 
tion that  the  officers  of  the  Fire  Prevention  Bureau  feared  loss 
of  life  would  result  in  case  of  lire  or  accident.  It  was  esti- 
mated that  more  than  15,000  persons  were  on  the  main  floor 
and  6lXlO  seeking  to  get  into  the  building  when  the  clearing 
order  came. 


A  Tea- Room  in  a  Drug  Store. 

New  Departure  in  Oklahoma  City  Which  Offers  a  Suggestion 
to  Druggists  Operating  Soda  Fountains  With  Luncheon- 
ette Adjuncts. 

ABSOLUTELY  the  latest  idea  in  the  equipment  of  a 
modem  drug  store  has  been  adopted  by  the  Clark  Drug 
Co.,  227  West  Main  street,  Oklahoma  City.  .Amid 
elaborate  decorations  of  smila.x,  palms,  holly  and  mistletoe  the 
ladies  of  Oklahoma  City  were  entertained  on  the  opening  day, 
each  receiving  a  ribbon-trimmed  package  of  chocolates  and 
bonbons  as  a  souvenir. 

The  store  had  been  completely  renovated,  and  a  new  room 
has  been  opened  devoted  to  the  ser\'ice  of  the  "cup  that  cheers 
and  does  not  inebriate."  This  room  is  a  gem.  The  walls  are 
covered  with  lattice-work  through  which  are  entwined  wistaria 
vines  and  their  highly  decorative  clusters  of  purple  blossoms. 
At  the  end  of  the  room  is  a  Japanese  landscape,  placed  over 
a  long  mirror.  At  the  right  side  of  the  room  and  opening 
from  the  central  passage  are  little  booths,  in  each  of  which 
four  persons  can  be  seated  comfortably.  The  decorations  are 
in  Japanese  style,  and  Japanese  chimes  are  suspended  at  the 
entrance  to  each  booth. 

Another  innovation  is  a  ladies'  dressing  room  adjoining  the 
tea  room.  This  is  finished  in  pure  white,  and  is  equipped 
with  toilet  iccessories,  face  powder,  violet  and  toilet  waters, 
and  similar  accessories  with  which  to  repair  the  ravages  con- 
sequent upon  a  shopping  trip.  The  kitchen,  in  which  lunch- 
eonette dainties  are  prepared,  is  also  finished  in  pure  white, 
and  this  department  is  entirely  separated  from  the  main  store, 
thus  doing  away  with  odors  and  the  savor  of  viands. 

On  the  opening  day  a  full  orchestra  rendered  a  programme 
of  popular  music  from  noon  till  midnight. 


A.D.S.   Deserts  Fifth  Avenue   for  Times   Square. 

The  Gray  Drug  Company,  a  subsidiary  corporation  of  the 
.American  Druggists'  Syndicate,  has  leased  the  comer  store 
and  two  adjoining  stores  in  the  Fitzgerald  building,  at  the 
southeast  comer  of  Broadway  and  43d  street,  for  a  period  of 
10  years  at  an  annual  rental  said  to  be  S60,000.  It  is  reported 
that  the  American  Druggists'  Syndicate  will  give  up  its  display 
rooms  and  headquarters  at  234  Fifth  avenue  in  the  very  near 
future,  the  lease  on  these  premises  running  out.  The  Gray 
Drug  Company  will  feature  A.D.S.  goods.  This  new  move 
on  the  part  of  the  syndicate,  or  some  of  those  behind  it,  will 
place  its  products  in  a  part  of  the  city  now  the  scene  of  keen 
competition  between  Liggett,  Riker-Hegeman  and  other  inde- 
pendent stores.  The  space  leased  is  50  by  90  feet  and  extends 
south  to  the  Broadway  entrance  of  the  Cohan  theater.  The 
lease  includes  about  5000  square  feet  of  basement  space,  also 
a  frontage  in  the  subway  station  at  that  point. 


N.  Y.  Consolidated  Drug  Co.  Re-elects  Directors. 

At  the  recent  annual  meeting  of  the  New  York  Consolidated 
Drag  Company,  held  at  the  headquarters  of  the  German 
.Apothecaries'  Society,  192  Third  avenue,  S.  V.  B.  Swarm, 
George  C.  P.  Stolzenburg  and  Dr.  C.  F.  Klippert  were  re- 
elected directors.  George  Leinecker,  George  Bruns,  H.  H. 
Blomeier  and  Otto  P.  Gilbert  were  elected  members  of  the 
inventory  committee.  The  reports  of  the  officers  showed  that 
the  past  year  had  been  very  successful  and  the  meeting  was  a 
very  harmonious  affair. 


Eli   Lilly   &   Co.    Promotes   C.    R.    Cosby. 
C.  R.  Cosby,  formerly  manager  of  the  New  York  branch  of 
Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  has  been  promoted  to  be  head  of  the  special 
preparations  department  of  that  company  at  Indianapolis. 

New    York    Retail    Druggists    Annual    Banquet. 

The  New  York  Retail  Druggists^  Association  held  its  annual 
banquet  at  The  Elsemere,  82  West  126th  street,  on  the  evening 
of  Jan.  30. 


February,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


83 


Legal  Decisions 


ment  made.     (McCrea  vs.   Ford,   Colorado  Court  of  Appeals, 
U5  Pac.  465.) 


Conditional  Sale — Bankruptcy — References. 

A  SODA  FOUN'TAIX  was  sold  on  a  contract  of  condi- 
tional sale  about  five  months  before  proceedings  in 
bankruptcy  were  begun  against  the  purchaser.  The 
seller  claimed  the  proceeds  in  the  hands  of  tlie  trustee.  The 
contract  of  sale  was  never  recorded  as  required  by  the  law  of 
Missouri,  in  which  State  the  bankrupt  resided.  Three  days 
before  the  proceedings  were  begun  the  bankrupt  gave  the  seller 
a  chattel  mortgage  upon  the  property  somewhat  in  excess  of 
the  price  in  the  contract,  and  this  was  duly  recorded.  In  the 
interval  between  the  contract  and  the  mortgage  the  bankrupt 
incurred  other  debts  in  its  business  aggregating  more  than  the 
value  of  the  property  in  question.  The  seller  claimed  imder 
the  contract  and  the  mortgage  independently.  It  was  held 
that  the  contract  of  sale,  not  being  recorded,  was  void  as  to 
subsequent  general  creditors  of  the  buyer  and  its  trustee.  As 
the  bankrupt  was  hopelessly  insolvent  when  the  chattel  mort- 
gage was  executed,  and  the  claimant's  representatives  had 
reasonable  ground  to  believe  a  preference  was  intended,  and 
would  result  from  the  mortgage,  it  was  held  to  be  void  as 
against  the  bankrupt's  trustee.  But  it  was  held  that  the  right 
of  subsequent  creditors  to  urge  their  objections  to  the  contract 
and  mortgage  was  defensive  merely  against  the  seller  so  as  to 
in\'alidate  a  lien  giving  a  preference  on  distribution  on  bank- 
ruptcy', and  did  not  entitle  the  creditors  to  priority  in  the 
distribution  of  proceeds  as  against  the  seller.  He  was  entitled, 
on  filing  his  claim  as  a  general  one,  to  participate  equally  with 
the  subsequent  creditors  in  the  distribution  of  the  bankrupt's 
estate.    (L.  A.  Becker  Co.  vs.  Gill,  206  Fed.  36.) 


■Validity  of  Sale  by  Bankrupt  Partner. 
One  of  the  members  of  a  partnership  conducting  a  soda 
fountain  business,  while  a  bankrupt,  joined  in  a  sale  of  the 
stock  and  fLxtures  to  the  father-in-law  of  his  partner  and 
retired  from  the  business,  which  was  continued  by  his  former 
partner  alone,  but  in  the  firm  name.  On  a  petition  by  his 
trustee  to  have  the  sale  set  aside  it  was  held  that  the  fact 
that  the  partner  who  continued  to  carry  on  the  business  there- 
after contracted  indebtedness  on  the  strength  of  his  possession 
of  the  property  afforded  no  ground  for  an  attack  by  the  bank- 
rupt or  his  trustee  on  the  \'alidity  of  the  sale.  (In  re  'Y'otmg, 
206  Fed.  187.) 


Sale   of   Stock — Seller's   Remedies — Rig-lit    to    Retain 
Advance  Payment. 

In  an  action  to  recover  back  the  advance  payment  made  on 
the  purchase  of  a  stock  of  drugs,  it  appeared  that  the  plaintiff 
contracted  to  purchase  the  defendant's  stock,  paying  $2500  in 
cash,  and  agreeing  to  pay  the  balance  on  delivery  of  the  bill 
of  sale  when  the  statute  relating  to  sales  in  bulk  had  been 
complied  with,  which  would  require  at  least  five  days.  The 
plaintiff  took  possession  and  retained  it  for  24  hours.  He 
then  claimed  that  he  had  been  induced  to  purchase  by 
fraudulent  representations,  and  demanded  that  the  defendant 
take  back  the  stock  and  repay  the  cash  already  paid.  The 
defendant  fook  charge  of  the  store  and  continued  to  operate  it 
in  all  respects  as  though  no  sale  had  been  made  or  contem- 
plated, selling  a  large  proportion  of  the  stock  and  purchasing 
new  goods.  It  was  held  that  the  sale  was  entirely  executory 
at  the  time  the  plaintiff  repudiated  it,  and  the  defendant, 
having  again  taken  possession  before  title  passed  could  not 
enforce  specific  performance.  His  only  remedy  was  an  action 
for  damages  for  breach  of  the  contract  to  purchase.  The 
seller  would  only  be  entitled  to  retain  the  advance  pa\-ment  as 
damages  for  the  purchaser's  breach  of  contract.  That  would 
ordinarily  be  the  difference  between  the  market  value  of  the 
stock  at  the  time  of  the  sale  and  the  contract  price.  But  the 
defendant  did  not  counterclaim  for  damages.  All  he  asked  was 
a  dismissal  of  the  case  with  costs.  As  he  did  not  deny  that  he 
was  placed  in  the  identical  position  in  which  he  was  before 
the  plaintiff  took  possession,  his  damages  were  only  nominal. 
His  action  in  retaking  the  goods  and  exercising  acts  of  owner- 
ship over  them  constituted  a  waiver  of  his  right  to  either  sue 
upon  the  contract  or  bring  an  equitable  action  to  enforce  it. 
The  plaintiff  was  held  entitled  to  recover  the   advance   pay- 


Scope  of  Employment — Unlicensed  Clerk. 
A  master  is  not  liable  for  every  wrong  which  the  ser\ant 
commits  while  in  the  performance  of  his  contract  of  employ- 
ment. His  responsibility  only  attaches  when  the  servant  is 
acting  within  the  real  or  apparent  scope  of  his  employment 
and  in  line  with  his  duties.  Suit  was  brought  against  the 
proprietors  of  a  drug  store  for  injuries  to  the  plaintiff  due  to 
the  alleged  negligence  of  an  unlicensed  clerk  in  putting  pure 
trikresol  on  the  plaintiffs  arm,  which  was  thought  to  be  blood 
poisoned.  The  complaint  alleged  that  after  a  physician  who 
was  in  the  store  at  the  time  had  requested  the  clerk  to  pre- 
pare a  1  per  cent,  solution  of  trikresol  for  use  on  the  plaintiffs 
arm,  the  physician  left  the  pharmacy,  and  the  clerk  negligently, 
and  because  of  his  incompetency  in  undertaking  to  fill  the 
prescription,  prepared  for  and  gave  to  the  plaintiff  a  quantity 
of  pure  and  unadulterated  trikresol,  which  caused  the  injury 
complained  of.  It  was  held  that  the  substantive  act  alleged  \ 
was  the  supplying  of  a  dangerous  solution  of  medicine,  when  a 
harmless  or  beneficial  one  had  been  prescribed,  and  that  this 
constituted  negligence  within  the  scope  of  the  clerk's  employ- 
ment, for  the  result  of  which  the  master  was  liable.  It  was 
also  held  that  the  sale  of  the  trikresol  by  the  unregistered  clerk 
was  conclusive  evidence  of  negligence  under  the  Oregon  Statute 
L.  O.  L.  4750,  declaring  that  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any 
person  to  sell  any  drug,  medicine,  or  chemical,  or  to  dispense 
or  compound  any  prescription  of  a  medical  practitioner,  unless 
such  person  be  a  registered  pharmacist,  or  a  registered  assistant 
pharmacist.  Judgment  for  the  plaintiff  was  affirmed.  (Good- 
win vs.  Rowe,  Oregon  Supreme  Cotnt,  135  Pac.  171.) 


Recording'  Sale  of  Poisons — Construction  of  Statute. 
The  Delaware  Statute,  24  Del.  Laws,  c.  140,  14,  provides 
that  before  delivering  to  a  customer  strj'chnia,  arsenic  or 
corrosive  sublimate  or  any  poisonous  compound,  combination, 
or  preparation  thereof,  "there  shall  be  recorded  in  a  book  kept 
for  the  purpose  the  name  of  the  article,  the  quantity  delivered, 
the  purpose  for  which  it  is  alleged  to  be  used,  the  date  of 
delivery,  the  name  and  address  of  the  purcliaser,  and  the  name 
of  the  dispenser."  In  the  first  case  imder  the  statute  it 
appeared  that  the  defendant  had  sold  bichloride  of  mercury 
to  a  customer  and  entered  the  sale  on  a  slip  of  paper  showing 
the  sales  for  the  day,  with  other  daily  slips  which  were 
regularly  put  in  an  envelope  kept  in  his  safe.  It  -n-as  held 
that  this  was  a  violation  of  the  statute;  but  in  view  of  the 
defendant's  evident  desire  to  abide  by  the  law,  only  the  mini- 
mum fine  was  imposed.  (State  vs.  Hopkins  (Del.)  88  Atl 
473.) 


Sale  of  Cocaine — Proof. 
On  appeal  from  a  conviction  for  an  unlawful  sale  of  cocaine 
it  was  held  that  if  the  sale  was  made  upon  the  prescription  of 
a  physician,  that  fact  lay  particularly  within  the  knowledge  of 
the  defendant,  and  consequently  it  devolved  upon  him,  and  not 
upon  the  State,  to  establish  it.  There  was  no  direct  evidence 
that  the  negro  boy  to  whom  the  sale  was  made  was  not  a 
physician  or  dentist;  but  the  presumption  was  that  he  was 
neither,  and  therefore,  if  he  was  a  physician  or  dentist,  it 
devolved  upon  the  defendant  to  prove  it.  There  was  a  privia 
facie  presumption  that  the  person  to  whom  the  sale  was  made 
did  not  belong  to  the  exceptional  class  of  persons  to  whom  the 
right  to  practice  medicine  or  dentistry  had  been  given;  the 
presumption  relieving  the  State  from  the  necessity  of  proving 
the  negative.  (Miller  vs.  State,  Mississippi  Supreme  Court, 
63  So.  269.) 


Alteration  of  Contract  After  Delivery  of  Groods. 

.\ction  was  brought  upon  a  contract  for  the  sale  of  a  quantity 
of  hair  tonic  to  a  drug  store.  The  defence  was  alteration  of 
the  contract  after  delivery  of  the  goods.  The  contract  pro- 
vided that  the  plaintiff  agreed  to  contract  with  a  certain  adver- 
tising company  for  a  certain  number  of  lines  of  advertising, 
specifying  the  Tribune  and  Journal  newspapers,  which  were 
published  in  the  defendant's  town,  the  advertising  to  be  exe- 
cuted during  a  year  following  delivery  of  the  goods.  It  fur- 
ther provided  that  the  plaintiff  agreed  to  take  back  at  invoice 
price  all  goods  remaining  unsold  in  the  hands  of  the  pur- 
chaser  "at  the   end   of  the   Iowa   advertising  contract."     The 


S4 


THE    PHARIMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


defendant  claimed  that  the  word  "Iowa"  had  been  added  to 
the  contract  after  delivery,  which  was  denied  by  the  plaintiff. 
The  jury  found  for  the  defendant.  On  appeal  it  was  held  that 
the  alteration  of  the  contract  after  delivery  by  the  insertion 
of  the  word  "Iowa"  was  material,  since  that  made  the  rights 
of  the  parties  depend,  not  upon  the  contract  for  advertising  in 
the  particular  papers  specified,  but  upon  the  termination  of 
such  Iowa  advertising  contracts  as  the  plaintiff  might  have 
made.  Judgment  for  the  defendant  was  affirmed.  (Hessig- 
Ellis  Drug  Co.  vs.  Todd-Baker  Drug  Co.  Iowa  Supreme 
Court,  143  N.  \V.  569.1 


Drug  Laws  and  Rulings 


To  Ban  Hypodermics  in  MicMg-an — There  is  a  Na- 
tional movement  on  foot  to  banish  the  hypodermic  needle  and 
syringe  as  a  means  of  using  cocaine  and  similar  narcotic  and 
habit-forming  drugs.  The  use  of  such  instruments  may  be 
regulated  by  Congress  by  a  provision  the  Finance  Committee 
is  to  add  to  some  one  of  the  opium  bills  now  pending.  At 
the  ne.\t  session  of  the  Michigan  Legislature  an  effort  will  be 
made  not  only  to  strictly  prohibit  the  sale  of  heroin,  morphine 
and  similar  narcotics,  but  also  the  hypodermic  syringe,  and 
Governor  Ferris  and  other  State  officials,  including  several 
members  of  the  State  Health  Board,  are  favorable  to  the  plan 
and  will  indorse  and  work  for  such  a  bill. 

Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act  Defective. — Officials  of  the 
U.S.  Department  of  Agriculture  declare  that  one  of  the  se- 
rious limitations  of  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act  is  that  it 
permits  the  use  of  wood  alcohol  in  remedies  for  external  appli- 
cation. Under  the  definition  of  drug  in  the  act,  the  authori- 
ties declare  it  is  not  possible  for  them  to  control  cosmetics 
containing  injurious  drugs  and  remedies  for  obesity  and  lean- 
ness, or  to  prevent  manufacturers  from  putting  wood  alcohol 
into  external  applications.  Secretary  Houston  declares  that 
additional  authority  should  be  given  his  department  so  that 
statements  should  be  required  of  other  drugs  than  those  which 
must  be  specified  now  on  the  label. 

Dr.  Dowling  on  Trail  of  Druggists — Dr.  Oscar  Dow- 
ling  and  the  Louisiana  State  Board  of  Health  have  been  in- 
vestigating New  Orleans  drug  stores,  and  declare  that  some 
druggists  are  not  only  filling  prescriptions  improperly,  but  are 
charging  enormous  prices.  State  Chemist  George  Taylor  shows 
that  some  druggists  charge  50  cents  for  a  prescription  that 
costs  them  three-fourths  of  a  cent  to  fill.  "This  sort  of  thing 
is  outrageous,"  said  Dr.  Dowling,  "and  these  druggists  should 
be  exposed,  and  they  will  be  just  as  soon  as  our  investigations 
are  completed.  When  Mr.  Taylor  has  completed  analyzing  all 
the  prescriptions  that  he  has  on  hand  the  druggists  who  are 
found  guilty  of  filling  prescriptions  otherwise  than  directed 
will  be  prosecuted  under  regulation  No.  31  of  the  food  and 
drug  laws  of  Louisiana  which  became  effective  last  July." 

Firm  Name  as  a  Trade  Asset. — The  value  of  a  long- 
established  firm  name  as  a  trade  asset  is  attested  by  the  filing, 
coincidentally,  of  certificates  with  the  county  clerk  at  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.,  one  dissolving  an  old  corporation  known  as  the 
Walter  K.  Schmidt  Co.,  druggists,  306  Monroe  avenue,  the 
other  being  a  notice  of  an  amendment  to  the  articles  of  asso- 
ciation of  another  fiirra  to  the  end  that  it  may  henceforth  be 
knowTi  under  the  discarded  name. 

Kansas  City  Drug  Store  Bars  Under  Fire — Com- 
missioner of  Police  Reynolds,  of  Kansas  City,  hai  asked  an 
opinion  from  the  city  counselor  as  to  whether  or  not  the 
police  would  be  justified  in  going  behind  the  prescription 
cases  in  drug  stores  to  search  for  liquor.  According  to  City 
Counselor  Garner,  under  the  statutes  of  1909  no  drug  store 
is  permitted  to  sell  or  give  away  liquor  in  any  quantity  under 
four  gallons  for  any  purpose  except  on  prescription,  and  even 
then  the  liquor  cannot  be  drunk  on  the  premises,  but  that  he 
did  not  think  the  police  had  the  right  of  confiscation,  as  the 
offense  is  the  sale. 

To  Bar  Circulars  from  Patent  Medicines — The  Gov- 
ernment's right  under  the  pure  food  law  of  1906  to  censor 
circulars  enclosed  in  packages  of  medicine  is  to  be  passed 
upon  by  the  Supreme  Court.  Officials  of  the  Department  of 
Agriculture  claim  that  the  public  is  being  deceived  every  day 


by  exaggerated  statements  of  the  efficiency  of  nostrums  to 
effect  all  kinds  of  marvelous  cures.  They  claim  the  pure  food 
law  was  intended  to  wipe  out  this  evil,  manufacturers  on  the 
other  hand  asserting  that  the  pure  food  law  merely  authorizes 
the  Government  oflicials  to  regulate  statements  on  the  labels. 
In  Omaha  recently  the  Government  seized  13  packages  of  patent 
medicines,  each  containing  the  statement  on  an  enclosed  cir- 
cular: "We  know  it  has  cured  and  that  it  will  cure  tuber- 
culosis," and  a  further  statement  that  it  was  "effective  as  a 
preventative  of  pneumonia."  The  Federal  District  Court  held 
the  medicine  misbranded  under  the  pure  food  law.  The  manu- 
facturer has  appealed  to  the  Supreme  Court  on  the  ground  that 
the  pure  food  law  deals  with  labels  and  not  with  circulars, 
and,  furthermore,  that  the  law  as  interpreted  by  the  Nebraska 
court  is  unconstitutional  in  so  far  as  the  court  held  that  the 
law  sought  to  give  the  Goverim:ent  a  right  to  pass  on  opinions 
as  to  the  curative  effect  of  medicines. 

Boylan  Measure  to  End  Drug  Habits. — Senator  Boylan, 
of  New  York  City,  has  introduced  in  the  Legislature  at  Albany 
a  bill  providing  for  die  regulation  of  the  sale  of  habit-forming 
drugs.  The  bill  gives  magistrates  the  right  to  commit  victims 
of  habit-forming  drugs  to  hospitals  for  treatment.  The  Boylan 
bill  in  its  provisions  is  similar  to  the  law  enacted  last  year, 
but  applies  to  all  habit-forming  drugs.  It  provides  that  no 
druggist  or  pharmacist  may  fill  out  a  prescription  for  any  of 
these  drugs  except  on  a  written  order  of  a  physician,  and 
stringent  regulations  are  prescribed,  under  vi'hich  physicians 
can  administer  them.  Hypodermic  needles  also  cannot  be  sold 
except  on  written  orders  of  physicians,  and  records  must  be 
kept  of  all  prescriptions  and  sales  of  the  drugs  and  the  needles. 
The  bill  also  provides  that  public  officers  having  control  of  city 
or  county  hospitals  must  provide  separate  quarters  for  per- 
sons addicted  to  drugs  who  may  be  committed  by  magistrates. 
Punishment  is  provided  in  case  drug  patients  violate  the  rules 
of  the  hospitals.  Violation  of  the  provisions  of  the  measure 
by  physicians,  druggists  or  others  whose  business  brings  them 
in  contact  with  drugs  is  made  a  misdemeanor. 

Tariff  Rates  on  Small  Packages  of  Chemicals The 

provision  in  the  new  tariff  law  for  the  first  time  of  the  pro- 
vision relating  to  the  rate  of  duty  on  chemical  and  medicinal 
compounds  put  up  in  packages  of  2^  pounds  or  less  has 
called  for  new  instructions  from  the  Treasury  Department,  as 
follows:  "Relative  to  the  classification  of  ink,  oil  of  sweet 
almond,  oil  of  lemon,  oil  of  orange,  and  other  articles  pro- 
vided for  by  name  in  the  Tariff  act  of  Oct,  3,  1913,  when  con- 
tained in  packages  of  less  than  2^/2  pounds  gross  weight,  in 
view  of  the  specific  provision  in  Paragraph  17  of  the  Tariff 
act  that  chemical  and  medicinal  articles  dutiable  under  the 
act,  except  soap,  whether  actually  provided  for  or  not,  put  up 
in  individual  packages  of  2;-'^  pounds  or  less,  gross  weight, 
shall  be  dutiable  at  a  rate  of  not  less  than  20  per  cent,  ad 
valorem.  It  will  be  observed  that  this  provision,  which  is  a 
new  one,  does  not  impose  a  minimum  rate  of  20  per  cent, 
ad  valorem  upon  all  dutiable  articles  imported  in  packages  of 
lYi  pounds  or  less,  but  does  impose  such  minimum  rate  upon 
articles  which  are  chemical  or  medicinal  compounds  or  com- 
binations or  articles  similar  thereto  when  imported  in  such 
packages.  The  department  is  accordingly  of  the  opinion  that 
all  the  articles  provided  for  in  Schedule  A,  whether  by  name 
or  otherwise,  except  soap  and  sponges,  are  dutiable  at  not  less 
than  20  per  cent,  ad  valorem  when  imported  in  packages  of 
less  than  ZYz  pounds  gross   weight." 

Fighting    Illegal    Drug    Sales    in    Los    Angeles A 

vigorous  campaign  against  the  illegal  sale  of  drugs  is  being 
waged  in  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  by  the  attorney  for  the  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy,  E.  E.  Lcighton,  who  is  assisted  by  State 
Inspector  Jones.  Several  arrests  have  been  made  and  prose- 
cutions will  follow.  The  arrests  Attorney  Leighton  and  In- 
spector Jones  state,  are  only  the  beginning  of  a  widespread 
campaign  to  stop  the  illegal  traffic,  and  in  order  to  relieve 
and  cure  the  thousands  of  victims,  a  movement  is  now  under 
way  to  secure  a  State  building  for  patients  to  be  treated. 
Plans  are  already  in  progress  to  induce  the  Legislature  to 
appropriate  $20,000  for  such  an  institution.  "There  are  sev- 
eral thousand  drug  slaves  now  in  California,"  said  Inspector 
Jones.  "In  spite  of  increased  difficulty  in  getting  opiates  the 
number  of  victims  has  increased.  After  the  habit  is  once 
formed  the  slave  will  do  almost  anything  to  get  the  drug.  Our 
aim  is  to  force  the  price  of  these  drugs  so  high,    through  con- 


February,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


85 


viction  and  jail  sentences,  that  it  will  be  unprofitable  and  too 
risky  for  anyone  to  try  to  sell  them.  We  are  after  the  peddlers." 
Attorney  Leighton  says  he  will  ask  for  jail  sentences  for  all 
persons  prosecuted  and  convicted  of  peddling  drugs.  He  also 
declares  that  the  need  for  a  home  for  those  held  in  the  grasp 
of  the  habit  is  imperative.  He  says  a  man  should  stay  at 
least  a  year  in  a  ward  before  being  freed.  When  the  drug 
victims  are  sent  to  the  insane  asylum  they  are  usually  there 
about  two  or  three  weeks  and  then  escape,  he  asserts. 

Must  Label  Drugs  Properly — The  United  States  Su- 
preme Court  has  declared  for  a  broader  enforcement  of  the 
pure  food  law  regarding  labeling  of  drugs  and  preparations 
containing  poisons.  It  held  that  a  headache  remedy  labeled 
"no  acetanilide,"  but  which  contained  acetphenetidin  was 
misbranded. 

Regulation  of  Bichloride  Sales  Sought  in  Albany 

The  numerous  deaths  from  poisoning  by  bichloride  of  mer- 
cury tablets  have  induced  Senator  Blauvelt  to  introduce  a  bill 
"Regulating  the  Sale  of  Bichloride  of  Mercury" — the  essential 
feature  of  which  is  as  follows:  "It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any 
person  to  sell  any  substance  or  compound  known  as  bichloride 
of  mercury,  except  upon  the  written  prescription  of  a  duly 
registered  physician,  which  shall  be  retained  by  the  person 
who  dispenses  the  same,  shall  be  filled  but  once,  and  of  which 
no  copy  shall  be  taken  by  any  person,  and  unless  said  sub- 
stance or  compound  be  in  the  form  of  cubes  and  colored  green, 
so  as  to  be  readily  distinguishable  from  non-poisonous  tablets 
of  similar  appearance  in  common  use.  Any  person  who 
violates  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  be  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor."  The  act  sets  July  1  ne.xt  as  the  date  it  would 
take  effect. 

New    Anti-Narcotic    Law    in    Tennessee The    State 

anti-narcotic  law,  passed  by  the  last  Legislature,  became  effec- 
tive Jan.  1.  The  law  is  very  stringent  in  its  provisions,  limit- 
ing the  amount  of  opium,  coca  leaves,  or  their  derivatives  a 
druggist  may  carry  in  stock  to  five  ounces.  Narcotics  may 
not  be  sold  except  on  the  prescription  of  a  physician.  The 
Board  of  Narcotic  Control  has  agreed  that  confirmed  "dope 
fiends"  can  be  issued  certificates  by  physicians,  allowing  them 
a  certain  quantity  of  the  drug  for  a  stipulated  period,  as  it  is 
the  purpose  of  the  statute  to  prevent  the  spread  of  the  drug 
habit  rather  than  to  effect  a  cure  of  those  already  addicted  to 
it.  The  law  in  general  prohibits  the  sale,  giving  away  or 
otherwise  disposing  of  opium,  coca  leaves  or  their  derivatives 
except  on  physicians'  prescriptions  or  by  physicians,  dentists 
or  veterinary  surgeons  in  the  course  of  their  professional 
duties.  No  druggist  is  allowed  to  keep  more  than  five  ounces 
on  hand  at  one  time.  Druggists  are  required  to  keep  a 
registry  of  all  sales  of  the  drugs.  This  registry  is  intended 
to  be  so  complete  that  the  drugs  can  be  traced  from  whole- 
saler to  consumer.  These  entries  as  well  as  physicians'  pre- 
scriptions are  to  be  kept  two  years.  This  is  for  the  inspection 
of  the   food  and  drug  department   inspectors. 

Cocktails  at  the  Prescription  Counter At  the  re- 
quest of  Prosecuting  Attorney  Sidener,  the  St.  Louis  police 
were  instructed  to  watch  for  violations  of  the  excise  laws  in 
drug  stores.  Sidener  had  been  informed,  he  said,  that  in 
several  drug  stores  anyone  "on  the  inside"  could  obtain  his 
favorite  intoxicant  by  giving  the  soda  youth  the  proper  signal 
and  that  frequently  customers  were  taken  behind  the  prescrip- 
tion counter  and  served  with  cocktails  and  even  champagne. 

Short  Weight  Campaign  in  Wisconsin The  cam- 
paign recently  launched  by  the  Wisconsin  department  of 
weights  and  measures  against  the  alleged  practice  of  some 
druggists,  jewelers  and  dental  dealers  in  using  short  weights 
has  resulted  in  the  confiscation  of  two  large  bottles  full  of 
defective  weights  from  16  drug  stores  about  Wisconsin.  These 
defective  weights  are  said  to  be  from  5  to  45  per  cent,  light. 
Chief  Inspector  Downing  says  that  the  practice  of  washing 
delicate  weights  with  acid  is  responsible  for  much  of  the 
deprecation  in-  weight.  The  State  Department  has  equipped 
its  field  men  with  new  sets  of  weights  to  test  the  measures. 


GOVERNMENT  WINS  INSECTICIDE  AND  FUNGI- 
CIDE   CASES. 


W 


ASHINGTON,  D.  C,  Jan.  20.— The  Government  has 
recently  secured  judgments  agninst  a  number  of  con- 
cerns   for    violations    of    the    Insecticide    Act.      These 


involve  the  misbranding  or  adulteration  of  insect  powders, 
moth  balls,  roach  exterminators  and  various  other  insecticides 
and  fungicides  shipped  in  interstate  commerce.  Following  is 
a  resume  of  each  case : 

"Persian  Insect  Powder."— The  Lewy  Chemical  Co., 
New  York,  N.  Y.,  was  charged  with  shipping  a  quantity  of 
"Persian  Insect  Powder"  alleged  to  be  adulterated,  in  that  it 
was  not  composed  of  the  ground  flower  heads  of  the  pyrethrum 
plant,  but  consisted  for  the  most  part  of  ground  stems  of  the 
pyrethrum  plant,  the  label  indicating  that  the  article  was 
wholly  Persian  Insect  Powder.     Guilty;   $50  fine. 

"White  Tar  Moth  Balls."— A  shipment  of  "White  Tar 
Moth  Balls"  by  the  White  Tar  Co.,  of  New  York,  N.  Y.,  was 
held  misbranded,  in  that  the  product  did  not  possess  the 
powers  nor  produce  the  effects  claimed  for  it,  and  was  manu- 
factured in  Belgium  instead  of  New  York,  as  stated  on  the 
label.     $10  fine 

"Rat  Bis-Kit  Paste."_The  Rat  Biscuit  Co.,  Springfield, 
Ohio,  was  charged  with  the  shipment  of  a  quantity  of  "Rat 
Bis-kit  Paste,"  alleged  to  be  misbranded.  Tests  showed  it  to- 
be  ineffective  for  the  extermination  of  roaches  when  used  in 
the  presence  of  other  available  food.     Guilty;  $25  and  costs. 

"Odell's  Roach  Powder."— A  quantity  of  an  insecticide 
called  "Odell's  Roach  Powder,"  alleged  shipper  J.  Albert  Odell, 
doing  business  under  the  name  and  style  of  the  Pittsburgh 
Insect  Exterminator  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  was  shown  by 
analysis  to  contain  corn  meal.  Misbranding  was  charged.  A 
plea  of  nolo  contendere  was  entered;  fine,  $25. 

"Conkey's  Lice  Liquid" — "Conkey's  Bug  and  Moth 
Killer." — A  quantity  of  insecticide  called  "Conkey's  Lice 
Liquid."  shipped  by  G.  E.  Conkey  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  was 
alleged  to  be  misbranded  for  the  reason  that  the  contents  of 
the  packages  were  stated  on  the  labels  as  two  quarts,  while 
examination  of  a  specimen  showed  that  the  package  contained 
less  than  two  quarts.  Misbranding  of  "Conkey's  Bug  and 
Moth  Killer"  was  alleged  because  examination  of  specimens 
of  the  article  showed  that  packages  purporting  to  contain  one 
quart  contained  less  than  one  quart.  Guilty;  fine,  $10  and 
costs. 

"Dr.  Hess  Dip  and  Disinfectant." — Misbranding  of 
"Dr.  Hess  Dip  and  Disinfectant,"  shipped  by  G.  Hess  and 
J.  L.  Clark,  of  Ashland,  Ohio,  was  charged  for  the  reason 
that  while  the  label  on  the  package  bore  the  statement  "One 
Quart  Dr.  Hess  Dip  and  Disinfectant,"  e.xamination  showed 
that  the  package  contained  less  than  one  quart.     $10  and  costs. 

"Orchard  Brand  Atomic  Sulphur  Fungicide." — A 
quantity  "Orchard  Brand  Atomic  Sulphur  Fungicide,"  shipped 
by  the  Thomsen  Chemical  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md.,  was  charged 
to  be  adulterated  for  the  reason  that  its  strength  fell  below 
the  professed  standard  of  strength  under  which  it  was  sold. 
Guilty;  fine,  $5. 

"Orchard  Brand  Arsenite  Zinc." — .Adulteration  and 
misbranding  of  a  quantity  of  "Orchard  Brand  Arsenite  Zinc," 
shipped  by  the  Thomsen  Chemical  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md.,  were 
charged  for  the  reason  that  its  strength  fell  below  the  pro- 
fessed standard  of  strength  under  which  it  was  sold.  Guilty ; 
fine,  $5. 

"Orchard  Brand  Atomic  Sulphur  Combined  with 
Arsenate  of  Lead." — Adulteration  and  misbranding  of  a 
quantity  of  "Orchard  Brand  Atomic  Sulphur  Combined  with 
Arsenate  of  Lead,"  shipped  by  the  Thomsen  Chemical  Co.^ 
Baltimore,  Md.,  was  charged  for  the  reason  that  its  strength 
fell  below  the  professed  standard  of  strength  under  which  it 
was  sold.     Guilty;   fine,   $5. 

"Bordeaux  Arsenate  of  Lead  Mixture." — Misbranding 
of  "Bordeaux  Arsenate  of  Lead  Mixture,"  shipped  by  the 
Thomsen  Chemical  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md.,  was  charged  for  the 
reason  that  an  examination  of  the  keg  containing  the  product 
showed  it  to  contain  24  pounds  of  the  article  instead  of  25, 
as  indicated  on  the  label.  Misbranding  was  also  alleged  in 
that  the  article  was  an  insecticide  and  fungicide  other  than 
Paris  green  or  lead  arsenate,  and  contained  arsenic,  and  the 
total  amount  of  the  arsenic  content  was  not  stated  on  the  label. 
Guilty;  fine,  $5. 

"Bordeaux  Mixture." — Misbranding  of  "Bordeaux  Mix- 
ture," shipped  by  the  Thomsen  Chemical  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md., 
was  alleged  for  the  reason  (1)  that  the  product  was  labeled 
"Bordeaux  Mixture,"  when  it  was  in  fact  a  mixture  of  Bor- 


86 


THE  phak:maceutical  era 


[February,  1914 


deaux  mixture  and  lead  arsenate;  (2)  the  contents  of  the 
package  were  stated  on  the  label  as  50  pounds  when  in  fact 
they  were  considerably  less,  and  (3)  the  article  contained 
arsenic  and  the  total  amount  of  arsenic  contained  was  not 
stated  on   the  label.     Guilty;   tine,  $5. 

"Kerosene  Oil  Emulsion." — Misbranding  of  "Kerosene 
Oil  Emulsion,"  shipped  by  Benjamin  Hammond,  Fishkill-on- 
Hudson,  N.  Y.,  doing  business  under  the  name  and  style  of 
Hammond's  Paint  &  Slug  Shot  Works,  was  charged  for  tlie 
reason  that  analysis  of  a  specimen  showed  that  it  consisted 
partially  of  water,  which  does  not  prevent,  destroy,  repel  or 
mitigate  insects,  the  name  and  percentage  amount  of  such 
inert  substance  not  being  shown  on  the  label.  Guilty;  the 
court  suspending  sentence. 

"Lime,  Sulphur  and  Salt,"  or  "Horicum." — Misbrand- 
ing was  charged  of  "Lime,  Sulphur  and  Salt"  or  "Horicum," 
shipped  by  Benjamin  Hammond,  Fishkill-on-Hudson,  N.  Y., 
doing  business  under  the  name  and  style  of  Hammond's  Paint 
and  Slug  Shot  Works.  Analysis  showed  that  it  consisted  par- 
tially of  water  and  salt,  which  do  not  prevent,  destroy,  repel 
or  mitigate  insects  or  fungi,  and  the  names  and  percentage 
amounts  of  such  inert  ingredients  were  not  shown  on  the  label. 
Guilty;  sentence  suspended. 

Lead  Arsenate — Misbranding  of  a  quantity  of  lead 
arsenate  shipped  by  Fred  L.  Lavanburg,  New  York,  was 
charged  for  the  reason  that  the  label  indicated  that  the  article 
contained  17.36  per  cent,  arsenic  o.\ide,  when  as  a  matter  of 
fact  it  contained  only  12.35  per  cent,  arsenic  oxid.  Guilty; 
fine,  $25. 

Formaldehyde — Misbranding  of  a  quantity  of  formalde- 
hyde shipped  by  J.  T.  Baker  Chemical  Co.,  Phillipsburg,  X.  J., 
was  charged  for  tlie  reason  that  analysis  of  a  specimen  of  the 
article  showed  that  it  consisted  partially  of  inert  substances 
(substances  other  than  formaldehyde)  which  do  not  prevent, 
destroy,  repel  or  mitigate  insects  or  fungi.  Plea  of  non  vuH; 
fine,  §25. 

'•Sherwin-Williams  Dry  Powdered  Arsenate  of 
Lead." — Misbranding  of  "Sherwin-Williams  Dry  Powdered 
.\rsenate  of  Lead,"  shipped  by  the  Sherwin-Williams  Co., 
Xewark,  N.  J.,  was  charged  for  the  reason  that  the  label  on 
the  package  bore  the  statement  "One  pound  net  weight,"  when 
as  a  matter  of  fact  the  net  weight  of  each  package  was  less 
than  one  pound.     Non  rult;  fine,  $10. 

"French  Bordeaux  Mixture." — A  quantity  of  a  certain 
fungicide  designated  "French  Bordeaux  Mixture,"  alleged  to 
be  shipped  by  Benjamin  Hammond,  Fishkill-on-Hudson,  N.  Y., 
doing  business  under  the  name  and  style  of  Hammond's  Paint 
&  Slug  Shot  Works,  was  charged  to  be  adulterated  and  mis- 
branded  in  that  the  label  bore  the  statement:  ".  .  .  The 
preparation  is  the  normal  formula,  with  some  33  per  cent. 
Copper  Hydrate  in  the  dried  precipitate,  .  .  ."  while 
analysis  of  a  specimen  of  the  article  showed  it  to  contain  only 
18.84  per  cent,  of  copper  hydrate  in  the  dried  precipitate. 

Drugs  and   Chemicals  at  1915  Exposition. 

IX  the  Palace  of  Liberal  Arts,  at  the  Panama-Pacific  Inter- 
national E.Kposition  in  San  Francisco  in  1915,  will  be  found 
a  remarkable  exhibit  of  the  equipment,  processes  and  prod- 
ucts of  the  chemical  and  pharmaceutical  arts.  In  the  official 
dassificatisn  of  exhibits  this  display  constitutes  Group  36, 
coming  next  to  the  sciences  to  which  it  is  so  closely  allied, 
those  of  medicine  and  surgery,  which  make  up  the  exhibit  in 
Group  35.  The  chemical  and  pharmaceutical  exhibit  is  divided 
into  22  classes,  and  from  the  most  minute  detail  of  laboratory 
equipment  to  demonstration  of  apparatus  employed  in  treating 
waste  matter  from  factories,  by  chemical  or  electrical  methods, 
with  a  view  to  permitting  their  return  to  water  courses  or  to 
the  atmosphere,  there  will  be  presented  a  complete  resume  of 
the  progress  made  in  the  laboratories  of  the  world,  especially 
during  the  past  10  years.  .  .  ,     ■    ,         j 

An  elaborate  demonstration  of  the  various  biological  prc>d- 
ucts,  such  as  bacterins,  vaccines  and  tuberculins  will  comprise 
a  class  that  will  be  of  intense  interest  to  a  vast  number  of 
people.  Equipment  and  processes  used  in  the  manufacture  of 
vegetable  essences;  in  the  chemical  treatment  of  animal  sub- 
stances and  their  products,  soaps,  candles,  glycerin,  etc.,  and 
the  by-products  of  petroleum  and  coal-tar  derivatives  are  to 


occupy  a  prominent  place.  Apparatus  and  processes  for  the 
compression  and  liquefaction  of  gases,  methods  of  drug  adul- 
teration and  their  detection,  perfumes,  cosmetics,  essential  oils 
and  equipment  and  appliances  will  be  displayed  in  detail. 

The  building  in  which  the  chemical  and  pharmaceutical 
e-xliibit  will  be  housed  is  known  as  the  Palace  of  Liberal  Arts 
and  is  one  of  the  eight  main  exhibition  palaces  of  the  expo- 
sition. It  covers  an  area  of  251,000  square  feet.  It  was 
erected  at  a  cost  of  $344,180  and  is  a  structure  of  great  artistic 
beauty. 

The  Panama-Pacific  International  E.xposition  will  be  the 
largest  and  most  wonderful  enterprise  of  its  kind.  It  will 
include  among  the  buildings  the  vast  Palace  of  Machinery, 
the  largest  frame  structure  ever  built,  covering  10  acres  of 
ground;  and  the  whole  exposition  represents  an  outlay  of 
$80,000,000,  the  greatest  sum  ever  expended  for  such  a  purpose. 

The  Panama-Pacific  International  Exposition  will  enjoy  the 
distinction  of  being  the  only  maritime  exposition  ever  held, 
fronting  as  the  site  does  on  the  Bay  of  San  Francisco  and 
the  Golden  Gate,  where  the  navies  of  the  world  will  pass  in 
review  before  the  exposition  grounds  on  the  completion  of  their 
voyage  througli  tlie  canal.  This  is  the  event  with  which  the 
exposition  will  open  on  Feb.  20,  1915,  and  for  the  greater 
part  of  a  year  will  remain  open  to  celebrate  with  all  the  world 
the  building  of  the  Panama  Canal. 


Drug  Trade  Section  Elects  C.  G.  Euler. 
C.  G.  Euler,  of  Antoine  Chiris,  was  elected  chairman  of  the 
Drug  Trade  Section  of  the  Xew  York  Board  of  Trade  and 
Transportation,  at  that  organization's  January  meeting  held  at 
New  York  Drug  and  Chemical  Club.  Other  officers  elected 
are :  \'ice-rliairman,  Irving  JIcKesson,  of  McKesson  &  Rob- 
bins;  secretarj',  William  F.  McConnell,  203  Broadway;  treas- 
urer, ^\'illiam  A.  Hamann,  of  Roessler  &  Hasslacher  Chemical 
Co.  Dr.  Henrj-  C.  Lovis,  w-ho  retires  as  chairman  after  having 
served  two  consecutive  terms  in  that  office,  was  elected  a 
director  of  the  board  as  representative  of  the  Drug  Trade 
Section.  The  executive  committee  consists  of  Frank  L. 
McCartney,  of  Sharp  &  Dohme ;  Charles  A.  Loring,  Powers- 
Weightman  -  Rosengarten  Co. ;  Frederick  F.  Watermeyer, 
Fritzsche  Brothers;  Paul  H.  Brickelmeyer,  Henry  Klein  &  Co., 
and  Adolph  Henning,  of  Lanman  &  Kemp.  Various  com- 
mittee reports,  mostly  in  the  nature  of  recapitulations,  were 
presented.  Thomas  F.  Main,  chairman  of  the  legislative  com- 
mittee,  reviewed  the  legislation  of  the  past  year. 


Dr.    Ernst   J.    Lederle    Succeeded   by    Dr.    Goldwater. 

Mayor  Mitchel  has  appointed  Dr.  Sigis  S.  Goldwater  to 
succeed  Dr.  Ernst  J.  Lederle  as  Commissioner  of  Health  for 
New  York  City.  Dr.  Goldwater  has  been  for  some  time 
superintendent  of  Mount  Sinai  Hospital.  He  was  scheduled  to 
take  office  February  1. 

Dr.  Goldwater  graduated  from  the  medical  department  of 
New  York  University.  He  entered  Mount  Sinai  Hospital  as 
an  interne  in  1903  and  quickly  worked  his  way  to  be  superin- 
tendent. He  is  known  as  a  good  organizer.  In  1913  he  was 
vice-president  of  the  New  York  Academy  of  Medicine. 


Mrs.  Josephine  B.  Amend  Dead. 

Her  mind  disorganized  from  the  strain  of  nursing  her  hus- 
band, the  late  Robert  F.  Amend,  treasurer  of  Eimer  &  Amend, 
all  through  the  ilhiess  which  resulted  in  his  death  on  Jan.  6, 
his  widow,  Mrs.  Josephine  B.  Amend,  recently  threw  herself 
from  a  window  of  her  apartment  on  the  12th  floor  of  the 
St.  Urban,  at  Central  Park  West  and  89th  street.  She  was 
instantly  killed. 


Daughter  of  'William  Jay  Schieffelin  Married. 
Miss  Margaret  L.  Schieffelin,  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
William  Jay  Schieffelin,  was  recently  married  to  Frederick 
Osbom,  son  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  William  Church  Osbom,  at  the 
Madison  Avenue  Presbyterian  Church.  The  ceremony  was 
followed  by  a  reception  at  the  home  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sdiieffe- 
lin,  Xo.  5  East  66th  street. 

Ex-Kiker-Hegeman  Manager  Buys  Montolair  Store. 
John  H.  Hubley,  tmtil  recently  manager  for  Riker-Hegeman 
Co.  at  42d  street  and  Sixth  avenue,  has  purchased  the  phar- 
macy of  Robert  Eastbum,  479  Bloomfield  avenue,  Montclair, 
N.J. 


February,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


87 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


The  Mashburn  Drug  Company,  of  Valdosta,  Ga.,  gave 
their  second  annual  'Possum  Supper  to  their  customers  in 
December.  Quite  a  number  of  their  guests  who  reached 
Valdosta  in  the  early  afternoon  were  given  an  automobile  ride 
around  the  city.  At  S :  30  p.m.  the  guests  were  escorted  to  the 
New  Valdes  Hotel,  where  a  sumptuous  repast  was  spread, 
consisting  of  "  'possum  and  taters,"  birds,  salads,  etc.  A.  E. 
Dimmock,  a  \"aldosta  druggist,  was  toastmaster.  Among  those 
responding  with  toasts  were  Mayor  Jno.  T.  Roberts,  of  Val- 
dosta; Jno.  Dickerson,  of  Jacksonville,  who  represents  Eli 
Lilly  S:  Co.  in  the  State  of  Florida;  C.  L.  Parks,  representing 
H.  K.  Mulford  &  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Dr.  E.  P.  Quillian, 
Clyattsville,  Ga.;  Dr.  J.  M.  Hall,  Douglass,  Ga.;  W.  A. 
Bradley,  representing  the  Cleveland  Fruit  Juice  Co.,  Cleve- 
land, Ohio;  Senator  W.  L.  Converse;  Fred  Bergstrom,  of 
Bergstrom  &  Newberry;  Dr.  A.  L.  Johnston,  and  Russell 
Peeples,  of  \'aIdosta,  Ga.  Woods  A.  Caperton,  sales  manager 
for  Eli  Lilly  8c  Co.,  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  was  a  specially  invited 
guest  and  he  made  the  trip  to  \'aldosta  to  attend  this  supper. 
He  brought  with  him  about  80  stereopticon  views  and  two 
reels  of  moving  picture  films  and  immediately  after  the  supper 
he  gave  those  in  attendance  a  "moving-picture  trip"  through 
the  plant  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.  About  150  of"  the  Slashburn 
Drug  Co.'s  customers  were  present  and  all  expressed  them- 
selves as  having  had  a  most  enjoyable  time. 

The  National  Co-operative  Drug  Company  was  organ- 
ized recently  at  a  meeting  at  the  Planters  Hotel  in  St.  Louis, 
which  was  attended  by  about  65  St.  Louis  retail  druggists. 
O.  J.  Cloughly,  president  of  the  St.  Louis  R.D.A.,  whose 
middle  name  is  "work,"  presided.  The  company  is  to  be  a 
co-operative  wholesale  organization,  and  the  retail  druggists 
who  are  stockholders  in  it  will  buy  their  goods  through  the 
company  on  the  plan  of  goods  bought  one  week  must  be  paid 
for  the  next.  Monthly  dividends  will  be  paid  to  the  members. 
The  organization  is  patterned  after  the  Cincinnati  Drug  Co., 
whose  shares  are  said  to  earn  10  per  cent,  a  month,  and  which 
has  reached  a  $500,000  business,  it  is  said  here.  A  like  organi- 
zation, the  Chicago  Wholesale  Drug  Co.,  is  said  here  to  have 
reached  the  $1,000,000  mark  in  business.  Philadelphia,  Pitts- 
burgh, Cleveland,  Detroit  and  Washington  have  such  whole- 
sale organizations,  the  local  druggists  say,  and  now  they  are 
to  have  a  company  in  St.  Louis  which  will  have  branches  in 
every  city  in  the  Union  where  there  is  now  no  such  organi- 
zation. San  Francisco  druggists  were  reported  to  have  $25,000 
waiting  to  invest  in  the  St.  Louis  organization.  One  of  the 
branches  is  to  be  in  New  "Vork  City.  The  leaders  in  the 
organization  expect  to  have  business  moving  within  a  few 
months.  O.  B.  Thuma,  of  Cincinnati,  is  president.  Subscrip- 
tions of  stock  amounting  to  $75,000  were  pledged  at  the 
Planters  meeting. 

The  Lilly  School  for  Salesmen  held  its  28th  session 
at  the  home  office  of  the  company  at  Indianapolis  holiday 
week.  Morning  and  afternoon  sessions  were  held  with  ad- 
dresses by  department  heads  and  members  of  the  scientific 
staff  on  practical  subjects  related  to  sales  work.  The  many 
improvements  and  changes  in  manufacturing  operations  were 
explained  by  a  trip  through  the  laboratories.  Papers  on  cur- 
rent topics  pertaining  to  sales  and  detail  work  were  also  read 
and  discussed.  Dr.  J.  P.  Buckley  spoke  on  the  use  and  technic 
of  the  dental  preparations.  Dr.  John  Uri  Lloyd  spoke  briefly 
on  Alcresta,  the  alkaloidal  precipitant  formerly  known  as 
Lloyd's  Reagent.  J.  K.  Lilly  reviewed  the  history  of  the 
house  of  Lilly,  appropriately  illustrating  his  talk  with  lantern 
slides.  On  New  Year's  day  the  salesmen  paid  a  visit  to  the 
Lilly  biological  farm  at  Greenfield  to  see  the  antitoxin  and 
vaccine  buildings,  the  purpose  of  which  was  explained  by 
Dr.  Rickards,  assistant  director.  Various  forms  of  entertain- 
ment included  a  theater  party,  smokers  and  a  dinner  at  the 
University  Club.  The  visiting  salesmen  entertained  the  home 
office  department  heads  on  one  evening  at  the  Indianapolis 
Chamber  of  Commerce,  with  a  series  of  humorous  sketches  of 
topical  interest. 

Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  for  their  December  posting  class, 
brought  to  the  home  laboratories  in  Detroit  a  squad  of  50 
tiaveling    representatives,    from    every    section    of    the    United 


States  and  Canada.  The  "coaching"  period  was  Dec.  8  to  19, 
inclusive.  Four  days  were  given  to  a  study  of  the  biological 
and  research  departments  and  their  work,  the  remainder  of 
the  time  being  devoted  to  the  general  pharmaceutical  line. 
.'\mong  the  products  receiving  specific  consideration  were  such 
leading  specialties  as  the  Phylacogens,  Pituitrin,  Coagulose  and 
the  improved  Taka-Diastase.  But  the  convention  was  not 
wholly  given  up  to  study  and  instruction.  There  was  a  theater 
party  at  one  of  the  city's  play-houses,  an  excursion  to  the 
company's  biological  farm  at  Rochester,  where  a  dinner  was 
served.  Another  dinner  party  w-as  given  at  the  Hotel  Cadillac 
and  included  various  department  heads  and  others  who  de- 
livered  lectures   before   the   "post-graduate"   classes. 

G.  E.  Dunbar,  Lilly  representative  in  New  York  City,  led 
the  firm's  sales  force  for  the  year  just  ended  in  the  sale  of 
empty  capsules,  which  entitles  Mr.  Dunbar  to  the  distinction 
of  being  president  of  the  Lilly  jNIillion  Capsule  Club  for  1914. 
At  a  dinner  at  the  University  Club  at  Indianapolis,  the  first 
week  in  January,  Mr.  Dunbar  was  presented  with  a  handsome 
gold  watch-fob  appropriately  engraved  as  an  insignia  of  his 
office.  Membership  in  the  Lilly  Capsule  Club  is  limited  to 
those  salesmen  who  sell  over  a  million  empty  capsules  a  year 
to  the  retail  trade,  and  a  lapel  watch  chain  and  button  is 
presented  to  each  member.  The  club  was  started  two  years 
ago  and  its  membership  during  that  time  has  increased  80 
per   cent. 

■William  C.  Mason,  a  former  watchman  at  the  laboratories 
of  Sharp  &  Dohme,  manufacturing  chemists,  at  Howard  and 
Pratt  streets,  Baltimore,  who  pleaded  guilty  in  the  Criminal 
Court  several  weeks  ago  to  stealing  perfumery,  hypodermic 
syringes,  drugs  and  other  articles  to  the  value  of  perhaps  $100, 
has  been  sentenced  to  one  year  in  the  ^Maryland  penitentiary. 
It  is  thought  that  Mason  had  confederates.  Various  arrests 
were  made  in  Washington,  Philadelphia  and  Baltimore  at  the 
time,  but  only  in  Washington  was  any  considerable  quantity 
of  Sharp  &  Dohme's  goods  found.  The  Philadelphia  raid 
disclosed  thefts  of  considerable  magnitude  from  other  manu- 
facturing drug  houses. 

The  'Wisconsin  Pharmacal  Co.,  at  the  16th  annual  meet- 
ing held  in  Milwaukee  recently,  declared  a  dividend  of  6  per 
cent.  The  report  of  E.  G.  Raeuber,  secretary  and  general 
manager,  showed  an  exceptionally  successful  business  during 
the  past  year.  Officers  were  elected  as  follows :  President, 
Christian  Widule,  Milwaukee;  vice-president,  Charles  Pfeiffer, 
Plymouth;  secretary,  E.  G.  Raeuber,  Milwaukee;  treasurer, 
Louis  H.  Kressin,  Milwaukee.  Directors,  S.  A.  Eckstein, 
Milwaukee;  Otto  Hackendahl,  Milwaukee;  O.  F.  Menges, 
Madison;  Charles  Gieseler,  Racine;  A.  W.  Albers,  Wausau. 
Stockholders  of  the  company  include  druggists  from  all  over 
Wisconsin.     The  plant  and  offices  are  located  in  Milwaukee. 

The  Eastern  Drug  Company's  Employees'  Mutual 
Benefit  Association's  10th  anniversary  was  observed  Jan.  15 
with  a  banquet  at  the  American  House,  Boston,  and  nearly 
100  members  were  seated  at  the  tables.  President  W.  R. 
DoUiver  was  toastmaster.  The  guests  included  William  W. 
Cutler,  secretary  of  the  company;  Councillor  Daniel  J.  Mc- 
Donald, Charles  H.  Perry  and  Fred  S.  Lovis,  all  of  whom 
made  brief  after-dinner  speeches.  The  following  officers  were 
elected:  John  Tomlinson,  president;  William  E.  Quinn,  vice- 
president;  Russell  Spurr,  secretary;  John  F.  Miller,  treasurer; 
P.  A.  O'Grady,  James  L.  Dugan,  G.  M.  Hutchinson,  Herman 
Schatzl  and  Miss  Verna  McCarthy,  executive  committee. 

The  Mutual  Pharmacal  Co.,  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  at  its 
annual  meeting,  Jan.  12,  heard  reports  of  prosperity  during  the 
year  just  closed  and  elected  the  following  officers:  President, 
William  A.  Curtin,  M.D.;  vice-president,  George  M.  Price, 
M.D. ;  treasurer,  Albert  E.  Larkin,  Ph.B.,  M.D.;  secretary, 
Thomas  P.  Farmer,  M.D.;  Executive  Committee,  Dr.  Curtin, 
Dr.  Price  and  Dr.  Larkin.  The  Board  of  Directors  consists 
of:  William  A.  Curtin,  M.D.,  Syracuse;  William  A.  Groat, 
B.S.,  M.D.,  Syracuse;  Albert  E.  Larkin,  Ph.B.,  M.D.,  Syracuse; 
Thomas  P.  Farmer,  M.D.,  Syracuse;  George  M.  Price,  M.D., 
Syracuse;  Henry  B.  Doust,  M.D.,  Syracuse;  Henry  J.  Hunter, 
M.D.,   Ilion. 

The  United  Pharmaceutical  Co.,  a  new  corporation 
under  the  Massachusetts  laws,  has  been  formed  by  several 
officers  of  the  United  Drug  Company.  The  capital  is  $250,000. 
The  plan  of  the  company  was  outlined  in  President  Liggett's 
report   at   the   last    annual    convention   of   United   Drug   stock- 


THE    PH^VRMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


holders.  Louis  I.  Schreiner,  a  vice-president  of  the  United, 
will  be  president  of  the  new  pharmaceutical  company,  for 
which  a  new  building  has  been  erected  especially  equipped  for 
the  manufacture  of  Rexall  pharmaceuticals.  Other  incorpora- 
tors are  Fred  .\.  Rogers,  James  C.  Brady,  B>Ton  M.  Hyde, 
Louis  K.  Liggen  and  J.  N.  Staples,  Jr. 

That  St.  Louis  is  becoming  an  exceedingly  important  drug 
center  is  indicated  by  the  fact  that  in  1913  more  than  40 
concerns  in  other  cities  removed  to  St.  Louis,  some  of  them 
being  the  Continental  Condensed  Milk  Co.,  of  Pennsyh-ania; 
Blood  Balm  Co.,  of  Georgia :  .\merican  Syrup  and  Preserving 
Co.,  of  Tennessee;  Ethical  Drug  Co.,  of  Kansas  City.  Among 
new  corporations  of  the  year  were  the  St.  Louis  Match  Co., 
$300,000;  Xunn-Buse  Leaf  Tobacco  Co.,  §100,000;  Eagle 
Liquid  Soap  Co.,  ?50,000;  Frost  Family  Medicine  Co.,  $50,CkX); 
Dr.  Miller  Co-operative  Medicine  Co.,  $100,000;  St.  Louis  Pop 
Com  Machine  Co.,  Plastic  Products  Co.,  5100,000;  Kurusol 
Chem.ical  Co.,  $50,000;  Herriott  Shoe  Polish  Co.,  $50,000. 

Parke.  Davis  &  Co.'s  Chicago  branch  sales  representa- 
tives 53  in  number,  were  in  convention  at  the  Sherman  House 
Dec.  26-30,  inclusive.  Selling  plans  for  the  early  months  of 
1914  were  formulated.  Lectures  upon  various  phases  of  the 
company's  elaborate  research  work — past,  present  and  pros- 
pective— were  listened  to.  Discussions  of  the  newer  scientific 
products,  together  with  methods  for  their  systematic  detail 
among  physicians,  were  entered  into.  Altogether  it  was  one 
of  the  most  profitable  conventions,  in  all  essential  details  ever 
conducted  by  this  aggressive  branch  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co. 

Sharp  &  Dohme,  manufaciviring  chemists  at  Howard  and 
Pratt  streets.  Baltimore,  have  decided  to  build  an  addition  to 
front  about  75  feet  on  Pratt  street  and  running  back  to  Dover 
street,  a  distance  of  nearly  150  feet.  The  addition  is  to  be  of 
structural  steel,  with  brick  facing,  and  will  conform  in  archi- 
tectural appearance  to  the  present  buildings.  The  cost  of  the 
improvement  is  estimated  at  SIOO.OOO.  The  new  edifice  will 
admit  of  a  better  arrangement  of  various  departments  and 
facilitate  operations  to  a  marked  degree,  also  making  possible 
an  increase  in  the  output  of  goods. 

The  Parker-Blake  Co.,  of  New  Orleans,  have  purchased 
three  pieces  of  property  adjoining  their  big  building  at  Fulton 
And  Common  streets,  and  the  buildings  thereon  will  be  razed  to 
make  room  for  an  addition  of  steel,  concrete  and  brick  to  the 
present  Parker-Blake  structure.  Arthur  D.  Parker  is  at  the 
head  of  the  company,  and  the  house,  which  is  one  of  the 
largest  and  most  active  in  the  city,  has  built  up  an  enormous 
business.  It  is  hinted  that  many  thousands  of  dollars  will  be 
■expended  to  make  the  plant  the  finest  wholesale  drug  estab- 
lishment in  the  entire  South. 

The  Louis  K.  Liggett  Co.,  of  Boston  and  New  England, 
announced  on  Jan.  1  over  the  signature  of  Mr.  Liggett  as 
president,  a  policy  of  free  prescriptions  for  the  worthy  poor, 
as  follows:  "Ovit  present  to  the  people  of  Boston  this  year  is: 
Free  prescriptions  to  the  worthy  poor.  .\ny  reputable  physician 
is  authorized  to  send  any  worthy  poor  person  to  our  stores 
for  prescriptions,  and  we  agree  to  fill  them  without  cost. 
Nothing  is  required  but  a  note  from  the  physician,  on  his 
professional  card,  or  on  his  prescription  blank,  that  the 
patient  is  entitled  to  the  assistance." 

C.  H.  Eossat  and  ilrs.  Henrietta  Kossat,  proprietors  of  the 
Kossat  pharmacy  in  Milwaukee,  have  been  made  the  defend- 
ants in  a  suit  for  510,000  brought  in  the  Circuit  Court  by 
Albert  B.  Pregler,  who  claims  that  his  wife  died  on  May  24, 
1913,  as  the  result  of  her  having  become  addicted  to  the  use 
of  laudanum  and  narcotics,  alleged  to  have  been  sold  to  her 
by  the  Kossat  pharmacy.  Pregler  claims  that  his  wife  became 
a  slave  to  the  drug  habit  after  having  purchased  narcotics 
from  the  drug  store. 

The  Louis  K.  Liggett  Co.  has  taken  a  lease  of  a  store  in 
a  new  building  at  the  comer  of  Brighton  and  Harvard  avenues, 
.■\llston,  ilass.,  and  the  new  store  will  be  one  of  the  most 
attractive  of  the  Liggett  chain  in  the  vicinity  of  Boston.  The 
new  Liggett  score  at  Gratiot  and  Famier  streets,  Detroit,  is 
the  67th  in  the  chain  of  Liggett  stores  in  this  country.  It  is 
tmder.  the  management  of  James  H.  Crouch,  and  in  some 
respects  is  the  finest  drug  store  in  Detroit. 

The  Nyal  Drug  Co.  (New  York  and  London  Drug  Co.), 
a  subsidiary  of  the  firm  of  Frederick  Steams  &  Co.,  of  Detroit, 
Mich.,    has    been    incorporated   tmder    the    laws    of   Michigan 


with  a  capitalization  of  $2,300,000.  Of  the  stock  it  is  under- 
stood that  $1,675,000  is  retained  by  the  Steams  company, 
while  the  remainder  will  be  offered  for  sale.  .According  to  the 
newspaper  dispatch  citing  the  incorporation  of  the  company, 
capital  stock  amounting  to  $1,780,000  has  already  been  paid  in. 

The  Eley-Robertson-Barlow  Drug  Co.,  wholesale  drug- 
gists at  Birmingham,  .\la.,  has  been  purchased  by  the  Collier 
Drug  Co.,  which  is  a  part  of  the  .\veryt  Drug  Co.  The  newly 
purchased  house  will  be  run  strictly  as  a  wholesale  business. 
It  occupies  a  building  newly  built  especially  for  it  at  2205 
Second  avenue,  four  stories  in  height  and  covering  a  floor 
space  of  25x140  feet.  The  Collier  company  is  one  of  the  old 
drug  firms  of  Birmingham,  having  been  in  business  for  27 
years. 

The  Dravosburg  Drug  Co.  has  been  formed  at  Dravos- 
burg.  Pa.,  a  suburb  of  Pittsburg,  with  a  capital  stock  of  $5000. 
The  incorporators  are  R.  E.  Porter,  of  McKeesport,  Pa. ;  F.  P. 
Simday,  J.  W.  Jones,  G.  W.  Smith  and  E.  A.  Martin,  all 
residents  of  Dravosburg.  The  company  plans  to  operate  the 
largest  retail  drug  store  in  that  place,  which  is  the  head- 
quarters of  a  large  boat-building  business. 

The  A.  Spiegel  Co.,  operating  three  pharmacies  in  Mil- 
waukee, has  leased  the  building  at  126-128  Grand  avenue,  now 
occupied  by  the  Philip  Gross  Hardware  Co.,  and  after  spend- 
ing $40,000  in  remodeling  the  structtu-e,  will  move  its  main 
store  from  the  Plankinton  block  to  the  newly  acquired  building. 
The  Plankinton  block  will  be  razed  next  Spring  to  make  room 
for  a  new  hotel,   theater  jmd  office  building. 

A.  P.  Menges,  prominent  dmggist  of  Madison,  Wis.,  will 
erect  a  three-story  building  at  Park  street  and  University 
avenue,  in  order  to  give  the  Menges  pharmacy  on  University 
avenue  more  room.  The  second  and  third  floors  will  be  di- 
vided into  offices  and  apartments.  It  is  expected  the  structtire 
will   be   ready   for  occupancy  next   Fall. 

The  J.  S.  Merrell  Drug  Co.  annual  dinner  for  sales  force 
and  department  heads  was  held  Jan.  3  at  the  Hotel  Jefferson, 
St.  Louis,  with  George  Merrell  as  toastmaster.  The  diiuier 
was  the  concluding  feature  of  a  two  days'  session  of  the  com- 
pany's salesmen,  and  C.  P.  Walbridge,  president  of  the  Merrell 
company,   made  one  of  the  principal  talks  of  the  evening. 

A  New  Terminal  Drug  Store  has  been  opened  at  the 
Jklichigan  Central  station  at  Detroit.  Mich.,  as  a  concession  of 
the  Union  News  Co.,  of  Chicago.  There  will  be  day  and  night 
sen'ice  with  a  small  room  set  aside  as  a  "first  aid  room,"  and 
the  traveler  becoming  ill  suddenly  will  be  assured  of  proper 
treatment. 

M.  Cora  Dow,  of  Cinciimati,  will  open  her  11th  drug  store 
in  that  city  at  the  northeast  comer  of  6th  and  Main  streets  in 
the  new  Gwyime  ^'anderbilt  building,  .April  1.  Negotiations 
for  a  10-year  lease  have  just  been  concluded.  The  soda- 
foimtain  equipment  will  be  the  most  expensive  in  Cincirmati. 

The  Apothecary  Shop,  the  newest  and  most  up-to-date 
drug  store  in  Elizabeth  City,  N.  C.,  was  thrown  open  to  the 
public  for  the  first  time  in  late  December.  Thousands  of 
souvenirs  were  given  away,  and  free  ice  cream  was  distributed. 

Noyes  Bros.  &  Cutler,  of  St.  Paul,  held  their  annual 
banquet  for  traveling  men  and  heads  of  departments  on  Dec. 
29,  the  affair  being  truly  a  "get  together"  festi\'al.  Winthrop 
G.  Noyes  presided,  and  75  were  present. 

The  Southern  Drug  Co.  is  a  new  manufacturer  and  dis- 
tributor of  drugs  which  has  been  organized  at  Tackson.  Tenn., 
by  T.  F.  Glass,  Carl  Williams,  J.  H.,  R.  J.  and  F.  W.  Larwill. 

The  Gould  'Witch  Hazel  Company,  of  Boston,  has  been 
incorporated,  with  a  capita!  of  550,000,  by  ilichael  J.  Mc- 
Laughlin, Ernest  J.  Sanderson  and  William  E.  Ludden. 


RECENT  FLEES. 


At  Vienna.  S.  D.,  Sasse's  drug  store;  destroyed. 

At  Chaffee,  Mo.,   Underwood   &  Martenson's  drug  store;  total. 

At  Seattle,   Wash.,    Stewart    &   Holmes    Drug   Co.,    drug   warehouse 

purchased  from  Pacific  Drug  Co.  about  eight   months   ago;   loss 

about  $37,000;  insurance  S25,0OO. 
At  Green    Cove    Springs,    Fla.,    Consolidated   Drug   Co.;    loss   S4000; 

partially    insured. 
At  Monticello,  Mo.,  G.  B.  Knight  drug  store;  J.  B.  Marchand  drug 

store;  loss  almost  total. 
At  Snyder,  Tex.,  Gravum  Drug  Co. ;  loss  heavy. 
At  Lake  Village,  Ark.,   R.   X.   Henry  drug  store;   destroyed. 
At  Thorsbury,  Ala.,  A.   K.   Horn,  druggist;  loss  heavy. 


February,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


89 


Building'   a   Demand   for   Pyorrhocide. 

In  introducing  the  Dentinol  and  Pyorrhocide  method  of 
treating  pyorrhea  (Riggs'  Disease),  the  Dentinol  &  Pyorrho- 
cide Company  of  Xew  York  has  sought  the  support  of  the 
dentists  and  physicians  by  methods  which  bear  the  most  care- 
ful analysis  of  the  purely  "ethical"  professional  man,  and  yet 
have  proved  highly  effective  in  familiarizing  the  professions 
with  these  products.  Pyorrhea  until  recently  was  considered  a 
disease  almost  if  not  quite  impossible,  to  overcome,  but  during 
the  past  seven  years  it  has  been  demonstrated  that  it  yields 
to  the  Dentinol  and  Pyorrhocide  method.  It  is  claimed  by  the 
manufacturers  that  Pyorrhocide  so  stimulates  the  blood  circu- 
lation in  the  gum  tissues  that  softness  and  bleeding  are  over- 
come; further  it  is  asserted  that  Pyorrhocide  removes  the  daily 
deposits  that  form  tartar,  and  effectively  checks  the  growth  of 
bacteria,   which  are  responsible   for   caries   of   the   teeth. 


The  illustration  reproduced  herewith  is  from  a  booklet — "The 
Practical  Method  of  Successfully  Treating  Pyorrhea" — recently 
mailed  by  the  Dentinol  &  Pyorrhocide  Co.  to  all  registered 
dentists  in  this  country.  Another  interesting  booklet  just 
issued  is  "OraJ  Hygiene  in  Modern  Therapy,"  which  is  filled 
with  citations  from  medical  authorities  who  trace  a  large  pro- 
portion of  diseases  to  oral  sepsis,  and  emphasize  the  value  of 
Pyorrhocide  as  a  dependable  prophylactic  in  febrile  affections. 
This  distribution  of  high-class  literature  to  dentists  and  phy- 
sicians is  but  a  part  of  the  publicity.  The  distinguishing 
feature  is  the  Pyorrhocide  Clinic,  a  permanent  institution 
maintained  at  the  New  York  headquarters  of  the  company 
where  dentists  and  physicians  witness  free  of  charge  actual 
demonstrations  of  the  efficacy  of  the  Dentinol  and  Pyorrhocide 
Method,  and  receive  instruction  and  assistance  in  the  treat- 
ment and  prevention  of  pyorrhea  and  in  general  oral  prophy- 
la.xis.  A  research  department  for  bacteriological  and  other 
investigation,  and  a  correspondence  department  for  practitioners 
unable  to  visit  the  clinic  in  person  are  two  important  features 
of  this  work. 

"Dollars  for  Druggists"  is  the  title  of  a  booklet  recently 
mailed  to  dealers  throughout  the  country.  Aside  from  the 
information  it  gives  relative  to  Pyorrhocide  and  its  uses,  it  is 
also  replete  with  sales  suggestions.  Druggists  are  requested 
to  read  the  advertisement  of  the  Dentinol  &  Pyorrhocide  Co. 
in  this  issue,  and  send  for  a  copy  of  "Dollars  for  Druggists" 
and  the  sales  helps  offered  to  make  Pyorrhocide  a  business 
builder. 


Saving,  Sanitation,  Service. 
"Puffer  Sealed  Fountain"  is  the  scientiiic  reply  of  a  leading 
fountain  manufacturer  to  the  demands  of  State  and  civic 
authorities  for  absolutely  sanitary  conditions.  The  Puffer  sealed 
fountain  is  built  to  meet  hard  usage,  to  do  away  with  ex- 
pensive plumbing  bills,  to  banish  dirt,  dust  and  vermin.  They 
are  sealed  at  the  factory  by  expert  workmen,  and  are  shipped 
all  assembled  without  a  single  connection  either  for  sewer  or 
water  to  be  made  on  the  inside  of  the  fountain.  Every  con- 
nection is  brought  to  the  outside,  and  yet  every  pipe  or  con- 
nection on  the  inside  can  be  reached  readily  should  occasion 
require.  Plumbers  invariably  leave  openings  where  dirt  and 
insects  may  enter — the  Puffer  factory  workmen  seal  up  every 
connection.  The  result  is  real  cleanliness,  a  reduction  in 
plumber's  bills,  a  big  cut  in  the  ice  consumption,  and  a  higher 
degree  of  efficiency  in  cooling  due  to  the  non-loss  of  the 
refrigeration  agent  by  evaporation.  The  Puffer  sealed  fountain 
has  no  wood  to  decay  or  swell — marble,  slate,  metal  and  cork 
are  the  only  materials  used.  Sealed  fountains  can  be  obtained 
in  any  size  from  6  feet  up,  but  where  the  fountain  is  over 
12   feet   it  will  be  shipped   in  sealed  sections,   the  entire   foun- 


tain being  assembled  at  the  factory  and  shipped  ready  to  use. 
A  new  catalogue  showing  full-page  pictures  from  photographs 
of  the  many  styles  of  sealed  fountains  made  by  the  Puffer 
company,  together  with  complete  details  as  to  their  tested 
economy,  efficiency  and  profit-producing  possibilities — as  well 
as  the  terms  upon  which  they  are  sold — will  be  sent  to  anyone 
mentioning  the  Era. 


Obviates    Poisoning    by    Bichloride    of    Mercury. 

Brief  mention  was  made  in  the  January  Era  of  the  new- 
Antiseptic  Leaves  prepared  by  the  Wm.  S.  Merrell  Chemical 
Co.,  as  a  substitute  for  bichloride  of  mercury  tablets.  With 
the  increasing  number  of  deaths,  due  to  careless  handling  and 
taking  such  tablets  in  mistake  for  harmless  medicines,  there 
has  been  launched  a  National  movement  toward  establishing  a 
legal  shape  and  color  for  such  bichloride  tablets,  their  packing 
in  special  poison  containers,  etc.  The  Merrell  company  have 
solved  the  problem  in  a  new  manner  by  the  invention  of  their 
Antiseptic  Leaves,  made  in  the  shape  of  small  blotters,  which 
can  be  handled  with  safety,  and  which  can  never  be  mistaken 
for  anything  else.  One  full  leaf  yields  7.3  gr.  of  corrosive 
sublimate  when  immersed  for  two  minutes  in  16  ounces  of 
water  (a  1  :  1000  solution),  and  the  leaves  are  scored  in 
quarters  for  convenience,  each  quarter  yielding  1.82  gr.  when 
immersed  in  4  ounces  of  water.  The  blotters  are  printed  in 
red  and  bear  a  poison  warning  in  letters  an  inch  in  depth. 
Another  feature  is  that  the  accidental  swallowing  of  a  blotter, 
or  even  a  small  piece  of  it,  is  impossible,  since  the  immediate 
action  would  be  a  rapidly  enlarged  tongue  which  would  pre- 
vent the  passage  of  the  poison  to  the  stomach.  Medical 
authorities  who  have  tested  these  new  leaves  agree  that  they 
offer  a  really  safe  method  for  dispensing  bichloride  of  mercury. 

26,791,000  Reasons  Why  Resinol  Sells. 
A  $300,000  sales  campaign  through  11  National  magazines,. 
14  National  weeklies,  and  advertisements  three  times  a  week 
in  506  daily  newspapers,  thus  reaching  26,791,000  readers,  is 
one  of  the  cogent  reasons  advanced  by  the  Resinol  Chemical 
Co.  to  the  druggists  for  the  quick-selling  powers  of  Resinol 
Ointment,  This  preparation  is  claimed  to  be  the  biggest- 
selling  ointment  advertised  for  skin  troubles,  and  the  advertise- 
ments have  created  a  National  demand  of  which  the  druggist 
takes  advantage.  In  addition  to  the  magazine  and  newspaper 
publicity  the  company  is  sending  out  a  quarter  million  samples 
a  year,  in  response  to  individual  requests;  has  just  mailecT 
300,000  booklets  to  druggists'  lists;  and  advertises  regularly  in 
a  score  of  drug  and  medical  journals.  A  free  Resinol  mov.'ng: 
picture  slide  with  the  druggist's  name  and  address  is  another 
publicity  feature.  For  further  details  as  to  sales  plans,  dis- 
counts,  etc.,   see   the  company's  advertisement  elsewhere. 


Maplewood    Mills    Cotton    Sold    Direct. 

In  the  interest  of  the  retail  druggist  and  the  trade,  and  for 
the  promotion  of  a  still  greater  business  in  absorbent  cotton, 
the  Maplewood  Mills  of  Fall  River,  Mass.,  have  inaugurated 
a  new  sales  policy — the  entire  production  of  these  mills  will 
now  be  sold  direct  to  the  dealer,  thus  eliminating  the  broker. 
Based  on  last  year's  business,  this  will  mean  a  saving  of 
more  than  $19,000  to  the  retailers  of  the  country,  and  while 
the  Maplewood  Mills  will  receive  no  more  in  cash  for  their 
output,  they  will  be  the  gainers  in  saving  of  time,  better  credit 
arrangements,  and  fewer  complaints,  blunders  and  misunder- 
standings. Dealers  who  made  a  similar  arrangement  with  tlie 
mills  last  year  doubled  their  business  in  absorbent  cotton  and 
made  a  proportionately  greater  profit.  Why  not  write  the  mills 
for  prices,  and  then  compare  quality  for  quality  and  price  for 
price  with  the  goods  you  have   been  handling? 


liarger  Net  Profits  from  Ice  Cream. 
The  Chocolate  Cooler  Co.  is  calling  the  attention  of  readers 
of  the  Era  to  the  cabinet  system  of  keeping  ice  cream,  claim- 
ing that  the  cabinet  saves  about  two-thirds  of  the  expense  for 
ice,  salt  and  labor,  at  the  same  time  keeping  the  cream  in 
better  condition  and  with  less  waste.  If  you  have  never  used 
their  cabinet  system  a  request  to  the  Chocolate  Cooler  Co. 
will  bring  full  information  with  details  as  to  what  others  are 
saving  by  their  use,  as  well  as  a  catalogue  and  names  of  jobbers 
handling  these  cabinets.  For  the  owners  of  cabinets  who  are 
looking  for  the  most  sanitary  arrangement  of  ice-cream  storage 
this  company  is  putting  out  a  line  of  porcelain  jar  ice-creami 


90 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


containers  which  will  fit  any  style  of  cabinet,  thus  doing  away 
with  cans  which  are  subject  to  rust  and  to  wear,  while  porce- 
lain can  be  kept  spotlessly  clean  and  absolutely  sanitary  at 
all  times. 


A  Sideline  That  Pulls  Trade. 
Nearly  ever\one  has  a  favorite  magazine  or  periodical  which 
he  buys  ever\-  week  or  every  month — and  some  have  half  a 
dozen.  In  every  town  someone  gets  this  business.  A  satisfied 
magazine  buyer  is  always  a  customer  for  other  lines,  and,  if  he 
is  satisfied  with  his  treatment  at  a  drug  store  magazine  stand, 
will  naturally  turn  to  the  cigar,  confectionery,  sundry  or  drug 
departments  when  in  need  of  such  articles.  Magazines  occupy 
but  little  space,  require  but  small  investment  and  can  be  han- 
dled with  little  expense  or  risk — yet  they  offer  an  excellent 
profit  and  tliey  do  draw  trade  to  the  store.  Full  particulars 
and  information  on  how  to  open  and  run  a  periodical  and 
magazine  department  will  be  sent  at  once  by  the  American 
News  Co.  Use  the  coupon  in  their  advertisement  in  this  issue 
or  mention  the  Era. 


Bustproof  Seidlitz  Powders. 
The  Dusal  Chemical  Co.,  Inc.,  is  calling  the  attention  of 
druggists  to  a  line  of  U.S. P.  Dust-Proof  Seidlitz  Powders 
which  are  packed  in  12s,  10s,  3s,  Is  and  in  bulk  in  a  handsome 
four-color  carton.  Every  powder  is  sealed  in  a  dust-  and 
moisture-proof  wrapper,  and  the  weight  is  on  every  wrapper 
and  the  number  of  powders  on  every  package,  thus  conforming 
to  every  Stale  weight  and  measure  law.  The  Dusal  company 
also  manufactures  a  full  line  of  effervescent  salts,  lithia,  soda 
mint,  soda  mint  and  pepsin,  soda  mint  and  charcoal,  buyer's 
label  goods  and  private  formulas.  A  postal  card  mentioning 
the  company's  advertisement  in  the  Era,  and  mentioning  the 
quantities  usually  purchased,  will  bring  interesting  quotations 
to  any  druggist. 


New  Display  Stand  for  Druggists. 
.\  new  idea  in  counter  display  has  been  originated  by  the 
B.  F.  Goodrich  Co.  for  the  development  of  sales  in  rubber 
sundries,  water  bottles,  fountain  syringes,  etc.  The  device  is 
a  patented  rack,  23;  2  inches  high  and  15  inches  wide,  finished 
in  colors,  and  it  holds  boxes  of  various  shapes  and  sizes,  thus 
permitting  frequent  and  easy  changes.  This  form  of  display 
has  the  added  advantage  that  the  article  on  display  with  its 
box  may  be  lifted  out  instantly  to  enab'e  the  customer  to  make 
a  still  closer  examination.  Many  druggists  have  already  availed 
themselves  of  the  offer  of  the  Goodrich  company  to  send  one 
of  these  new  racks  with  each  dozen  of  its  red  or  chocolate 
No.  2  seamless  molded  water  bottles,  the  "Yankee,"  "Won- 
peace"  or  "B.F.G." 


Higher-Potency  Taka-Diastase. 
Parke.  Davis  S:  Co.  announce  that  after  years  of  experimen- 
tation they  have  doubled  the  strength  of  Taka-Diastase,  the 
diastasic  ferment  the  firm  first  marketed  in  1S95.  During  the 
19  years  which  have  elapsed  the  product  has  become  recog- 
nized by  the  medical  profession  as  an  efficient  agent  in  the 
treatment  of  amylaceous  dyspepsia,  and  the  originators  have  con- 
stantly sought  to  improve  the  product.  Once  before  its  value 
was  enhanced  50  per  cent,,  and  now  by  improvements  in  the 
methods  of  manufacture  Parke,  Davis  &  -Co.  have  again  in- 
creased its  liquefying  powers  to  such  an  extent  that  the  im- 
proved Taka-Diastase  "will  liquefy  300  times  its  weight  of 
starch  in  10  minutes  under  proper  conditions."  Despite  this 
improved  efficiency  the  price  has  not  been  advanced. 


Big  Profits  in  Own-Name  Specialties. 
Through  an  advertisement  in  the  Er.\  of  D.  C.  Leo  &  Co., 
Des  iloines,  Iowa,  a  \'irginia  firm  was  led  to  give  a  sample 
order  for  a  gross  of  cold  tablets  under  their  own  label  at  a 
cost  of  $9.  From  this  sample  order  business  so  increased  that 
from  Jan.,  1909,  to  July,  1913.  a  total  of  1400  boxes  of  this 
preparation  was  sold  with  resulting  profits  of  nearly  $300  upon 
a  total  investment  in  goods  of  less  than  S60.  ."^nd  this  was 
only  one  Leo  item.  To  the  druggist  who  is  interested  in 
building  up  the  most  profitable  type  of  business  by  featuring 
"own  name"  goods  there  is  food  for  reflection  in  the  D.  C.  Leo 
advertisement  in  this  issue  and  that  company  will  gladly  send 
details  to  any  reader  of  the  Er.\  who  mentions  this  journal. 


Calendars  Customers  Consult. 
Publicity  which  pleases  customers,  keeps  the  druggist's  name 
before  them  at  all  times,  with  mutual  benefits  to  both  donor 
and  recipient,  is  publicity  that  pays.  In  this  class  of  publicity 
hundreds  of  druggists  place  the  educational  and  weather-chart 
calendars  issued  by  the  Grand  Rapids  Stationery  Co.,  of 
Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  and  the  demand  for  tliese  helps  to 
business  is  increasing  every  year.  A  cut  of  a  sample  page  of 
one  of  these  calendars  appears  in  the  advertisement  of  this 
company  elsewhere  in  this  issue,  and  full  details  as  to  the  cost, 
etc.,  will  be  given  gladly  by  the  company  to  anyone  mentioning 
the  Era. 


■Wall  Paper  for  1914. 
The  new  styles  of  wall  paper  for  this  season  are  very  attract- 
ive and  the  manufacturers  are  introducing  some  specialties 
which  add  very  much  to  the  finish  of  rooms.  The  "Wall-Cut" 
Frieze  is  one  of  these  that  should  be  represented  in  every 
wall-paper  line.  They  are  refined  in  coloring  and  design,  and 
recognized  as  highest  quality  of  embossed  cut-out  decoration. 
These  goods  are  manufactured  by  tlie  A\'allcutt  Bros.  Co., 
141-155  East  25th  street,  Xew  York,  who  will  be  pleased  to 
send  samples  and  prices  to  any  dealer  who  is  interested  if  he 
will  mention  the  Era. 


An  Addition  to  the  Sozo  Family. 
Hall  &  Ruckel,  Inc.,  established  since  1S46,  has  purchased 
from  the  Tokalon  Company,  Inc.,  the  oxygen  deodorant  known 
as  "Sozo."  The  transaction  included  the  trade-mark  "Sozo" 
applying  to  all  toilet  preparations,  and  "Sozo''  will  now  join 
the  extensively  known  Sozo  Shaving  Cream,  Talcum,  Poudre 
de  Riz,  and  the  other  Sozo  preparations  manufactured  by  Hall 
&  Ruckel,  together  witli  their  time-honored  Sozodont  dental 
specialties.  This  Sozo  line  is  artistically  packaged,  and  the 
quality  of  the  goods  themselves  is  in  keeping  with  the  Hall  & 
Ruckel  standards. 


New-Skin  Offer  Expires  This  Month. 
The  "Free  Goods  Offer"  on  Xew-Skin.  which  was  extended 
to  Feb.  28,  will  positively  be  withdrawn  on  that  date,  but  there 
is  still  time  for  druggists  who  have  not  taken  advantage  of  the 
offer  to  secure  the  $1  worth  of  free  goods  with  the  special  $4 
assortment  ordered  through  their  jobber,  as  prescribed  in  the 
conditions.  New-Skin  is  a  ready  seller  and  a  "repeater,"  and 
this  opportunity  is  worth  investigating. 


Barr  Heads  Westchester  County  Ph. A. 
.\t  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Westchester  County  Pharma- 
ceutical -Association,  held  at  the  Sanford  Inn,  Yonkers,  Jan. 
14,  John  H.  Barr,  of  Irvington,  was  elected  president,  and 
J.  B.  Sackett.  of  Tarrytown,  was  re-elected  secretary.  Twenty- 
five  members  were  present. 


100  Rats  a  Month 
is  a  record  for  one  trap  in  one  establishment,   but  that  is  the 
number  caught   in  a   livery  stable   in   Scranton,   Pa.,   in  one  of 
the  traps  invented  by  H.  D.  Swarts,  of  that  city. 


AMONG  THE   ASSOCLiTIONS. 


The  Philadelphia  .Association  of  Retail  Druggists  at  their 
annual  meeting  Jan.  2  decided  to  inaugurate  an  advertising 
campaign,  the  work  to  be  done  through  a  special  committee. 
The  following  ofiicers  were  elected:  President,  A.  G.  Keller; 
1st  vice-president,  William  Carpenter;  2d  vice-president,  A.  J. 
Frankeberger ;  3d  vice-president,  M.  L.  Lewis;  secretary,  J.  H. 
Barlow ;  treasurer,  George  Fehr.  R.  W.  White  was  chosen 
chairman  of  the  executive  committee  of  14  members. 

The  January  meeting  of  the  Pittsburgh  Branch,  A. Ph. A., 
was  held  at  the  Pittsburgh  College  of  Pharmacy,  with  the 
following  programme:  "Wild  Flowers  of  Nearby  Counties," 
by  .Attorney  George  B.  Parker  (illustrated  with  hand-colored 
slides);  election  of  officers;  report  on  proposed  changes  in  the 
U.S. P.,  by  Dr.  Louis  Saalbach. 

More  than  200  children  of  members  of  the  Women's  Club 
of  the  Allied  Drug  Trades  of  Chicago  danced  at  a  special 
party  in  their  honor  at  the  Hotel  Sherman  Jan.  2.  The 
hostesses  were  Mesdames  C.  E.  Dougia,  Gustav  Frank,  H.  C. 
McCracken,  John  Sutcliff.  Fred  Korte,  George  Lenx,  F.  C. 
Starr,   A.  E.  Zuber  and  Miss  Lillian  Ryan. 


February,  1914] 


THE    PHAEilACEUTICAL    ERA 


91 


FILTERING    APx'ARATtTS    FOR    LABORATORIES. 


PERCY    A.    BOECK,    assignor    to    the    Norton    Company, 
Worcester,  Mass.,  is  the  inventor  of  the  filtering  appara- 
tus shown   in  the  accompanying  illustration   (Patent  Xo. 
1,081,574),      The   device   comprises   a   funnel,    an   elastic    band 
covering  the  rim  and  extending  into  the  funnel,  and  a  porous 


U081.574  '■'"'-•'''■ 

cone  conforming  in  shape  to  the  interior  of  the  funnel  located 
within  the  same  and  wholly  below  the  top  thereof,  and  sup- 
ported by  the  said  elastic  band. 


Dropping  Bottle. 
This  device,  designed  by  a  German  inventor,  Ludwig  Kauf- 
mann,  assignor  to  Wdrmbrunn,  Quilitz  &  Co.,  Apparate 
Bauanstalt,  Berlin,  Germany  (Patent  Xo.  1,082,531),  consists 
of  a  dropping  bottle  provided  with  a  discharge  pipe  and  with 
a  bent  air  pipe  e.xtending  deep  into  the  interior  of  the  bottle, 
the  air  pipe  being  bent  toward  the  wall  opposite  to  the  mouth 
of  the  discharge  pipe  and  then  in  the  opposite  directon  and 
terminating  adjacent  to  the  bottom  of  the  bottle,  and  adapted 
to  act  as  a  siphon.  As  may  be  noted  in  the  drawing,  the 
inner  end  of  the  discharge  pipe  is  bent  in  the  form  of  a  U 
and  has  a  chamber  formed  in  its  inner  leg  to  retain  the  liquid 
to  form  a  seal.  The  air  pipe  is  provided  at  a  point  above  its 
inner  end  with  a  hole,  said  hole  being  too  small  to  prevent  the 
siphon  action,  but  of  sufficient  area  to  allow  the  entering  air  to 
pass  into  the  bottle  without  passing  through  the  liquid. 


Cork  Extractor. 
This  novelty  is  the  combination  of  a  bottle  having  its  neck 
formed  with  an  annular  depression,  and  a  cork  for  the  bottle 
having  its  outer  face  provided  with  an  eye,  of  wire  ring 
arranged  within  the  depression  of  the  bottle  neck  and  having 
an  outtumed  lip,  a  rod  having  one  of  its  ends  pivotally  secured 


/  or^.^2.1 


to  the  lip  of  the  ring  to  permit  of  the  swinging  of  the  rod 
upon  the  bottle  neck,  said  rod  having  its  free  end  formed 
with  a  \'-shaped  depression.  The  extractor  member  is  adapted 
to  be  fulcrumed  within  the  depression  of  the  rod,  while  one 
of  its  ends  is  provided  with  a  lip  which  is  to  be  inserted 
within  the  eve  provided  upon  the  cork.  The  inventor  is 
Joseph  Gebhart,  Zion  City,  111.  (Patent  Xo,  1,084,422), 


Prescription  File. 
This   prescription   file,   the   invention  of   William    F,   Beaird, 
assignor  to  M    J.  Bowdish,  C.  A.  White  and  J.  S.  Whittington, 


Wichita,  Kan.  (Patent  No.  1,084,527),  presents  some  novel 
features.  The  specifications  cover  the  combination  with  a 
drawer,  a  plurality  of  catches  arranged  in  alinement  longitudi- 
nally of  the  drawer,  each  of  the  catches  being  wholly  within 
the    plane   of   the    drawer   and   having    a    downtumed    flange 


terminally  formed  with  a  downwardly  opening  notch,  a  rod 
designed  to  engage  said  notches  and  freely  movable  down- 
wardly and  vertically  of  the  drawer,  the  rod  being  held  within 
the  notches  solely  by  the  upward  pressure  of  the  articles  in 
the   drawer. 


PATENTS. 


Granted  December  16.   1913. 

1,031,327 — Lemuel  S,  Penn,  Dayton,  Ohio.     Cosmetic, 

1,081,464— Jacob  Pfeiffer,  Akron,  Ohio,  assignor  to  Miller  Rubber 
Company,     Nipple   for   nursing   bottles, 

1,081,491— Clarence  Frederic  Davy  and  Thomas  Richardson,  Fitzroy, 
New  Zealand.     Non-refillable  bottle, 

1,081,505— Albert  K.  Keller,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  assignor  to  American 
Cork  and  Seal  Company.     Bottle-seal-assembling  machine. 

1,081,506— Friedrich   Kuhles,   Maywood,   N,   J,     Non-refillable   bottle, 

1,081,553— Tared   H.    Plaisted,   Melrose,   Mass,     Non-refillable   bottle, 

1,061,555— Henry  M,  Russell,  Jr.,  Wheeling,  W.  Va,  Closure  for 
collapsible  tubes  and  the  like. 

1,081,556— Fred  E,  Sanders,  Chelsea,  Mass.    Bottle  closure. 

1,081,573— Percy   Albert   Boeck,   Worcester,    Mass,     Porous   article, 

1,081,574— Percy  Albert  Boeck,  Worcester,  Mass.  Filtering  appara- 
tus for  laboratory  use, 

1,081,592,  1,081,897- Paul  Ehrlich  and  Alfred  Bertheim,  Frankfort-on- 
the-Main.  Germany,  assignors  to  Farbwerke  vorm.  Meister 
Lucius  &  Bruning,  Hochst-on-the-Main,  Germany.  Medicinal 
preparation, 

1,081,617— William  John  Knox,  New  York,  N.  Y,,  assignor  to  Knox 
Terpezone  Company  of  America,  Gaseous  ozonids  and  their 
production.  ..      „     . 

1,061,777— Oscar  B,   Schellberg,   New   York,  N,   Y.     Cork   retainer, 

1,081,785— Willard  G.  Steadman,  Jr.,  Southington,  Conn,  Tooth- 
powder  container,  , 

1,081,836— William    N.    Moore,    Pollard.    Ala,      Liquid    sealed   jar. 

1,081,883— Warren  E,  Bailev,  Smith  River,  Cal,    Non-retillable  bottle. 

1,081,896— Harlan    E.    Eckler,    Elyria.    Ohio.      Cuticle    clipper, 

1,081,897— Paul  Ehrlich  and  Alfred  Bertheim,  Franktort-on-the- 
Main,  Assignors  to  Farbwerke  vorm,  Meister  Lucius  &  Brun- 
ing,   Hochst-on-the-Main,    Germany,      Medicinal    preparation, 

1,081.906— Jules  F,  Hancock  and  Carroll  E,  Fisk,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.     Label-moistening  machine.  ~       .  -.r     i.- 

1,081.931- Anders  Anderson  Rosengren,  Malmo,  Sweden.  Machine 
for  sealing  bottles. 

1,081,939— Paul  Scholz,  Bergen,  Norway.  Opening  device  for  cans, 
bo.xes  or  the  like.  „„,„ 

Granted  December  23,   1913. 

1,081.959— Nathan  Grunstein,  assignor  to  Chemische  Fabrik 
Griesheim-  Elektron,  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany.  Manu- 
facture of  acetic  acid.  , 

1 082.020— John  W.  Freeman,  Aleene,  Ark,,  assignor  of  one-half  to 
Squire   C,   Hodges.   Arden,   Ark,     Non-refillable   bottle. 

1,082,041- Nathaniel  Emmons  Paine,  West  Newton,  Mass.  Tooth 
brush.  ,  , 

1,082,081- Francis  E,  Hufnail,  Minneapolis,  Minn.  Process  of 
making   a    medicinal    composition,  ,,    ,,  ,  ~ 

1,082,106— William  C,  Arsem,  Schenectady,  N.  \ ,,  assignor  to  Gen- 
eral Electric  Company,  a  corporation  of  New  \ork.  Vulcanized 
glycerol   resin,  ,    ,       t  ,         ^        v  .»i 

1,082,125— John  J.  Kime,  Lagrange,  Ind.  Insert-valve  for  botUe 
necks,  , 

1,082,150— George   J,    Kelley,    Attleboro,    Mass,     Atomizer. 

1,082,189— Amos  Calleson,  assignor  to  Benjamin  Adriance,  Brooklyn, 
N    Y      Feed  mechanism  for  bottle  sealing, 

1  082  301— Thomas  Lynton  Briggs  and  Henry  F,  Memam,  assignors 
to  General  Chemical  Company,  New  York.  N,  \ .  Apparatus 
for  the  manufacture  of  fuming  sulphuric  acid  or  oleum. 

1 082  304— Henry  J.  Cary-Cnrr,  assignor  to  E.  H.  Sargent  &  Co., 
Chicago,   HI,     Extraction  apparatus,      „     ,        „     ,  „    „ 

1082,407— Guy  P.  Combs  and  Patrick  J,  Burke,  Rochester,  N.  Y. 
Non-refillable  bottle. 


92 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[February,  1914 


1,062,424 — Alfred  Hoffman,  Brooklyn,  X.  V..  assignor,  by  direct  and 
mesne   assisnmeius.    to   Alco    Deo   Company.      Chemical    process. 

1,(S3,4S3— Charles  K  Tcter  and  David  A.  Davies,  assignor  to  The 
Teter  Manufacturing  Company,  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Apparatus  for 
heating   nitrous-oxide  administering   appliances. 

Granted  December  30»  1913. 

1,062.503— James  T.  Clifford,  Green  Island.  N.  Y.     Demijohn  washer. 

1,082,509— Emil  Fischer,  assignor  to  Farbenfabrikcn  vorm.  Fricdr. 
Bayer  &  Co..  Elberfeld,  Germany.  High  molecular  fatty  acid 
containing  arsenic 

1,CK2.510 — Emil  Fischer,  assignor  to  Farbenfabrikcn  vorm.  Fried r. 
Bayer  &  Co.,   Elberfeld,  Germany.     Pharmaceutical  compound. 

1,0S2.52S— Matthew  Albert  Hunter,  Troy,  N.  Y.     Low-freezing  liquid. 

1,082,529 — ^James  Simpson  Island,  Toronto,  Ontario,  Canada.  Appara- 
tus for  forming  oxides  of  nitrogen. 

1,062.530— Felix  Kaufler,  Bruckl.  Austria-Hungary,  and  August 
Klages,  Salbke,  Germany.  Apparatus  for  manufacturing  mer- 
cury  bichloride. 

1,062.531 — Ludwig  Kaufmann,  assignor  to  Warmbrunn,  Quilitz  &  Co., 
Berlin,   Germany.     Dropping  bottle. 

1,082,555 — Arthur  Lee    Ridley,    bearsport.   Me.     Cork  extractor. 

1,082,573 — William  Stone,  assignor  to  E.  I.  du  Pont  de  Nemours 
Powder  Company,  Wilmington,  Del.  Dissolved  carbohydrate 
esters  and  process  of  making  the  same. 

1,08^,57-4 — Max  Wciler,  assignor  to  Farbenfabrikcn  vorm.  Friedr. 
Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld.  Germany.  Manufacture  and  production 
of  oxycarboxydiarylcarbinols. 

1,082,662— Ernst  Twitchell,  Wyoming,  Ohio.  Process  of  manufactur- 
ing fatty  acids  and  glycerin. 

1,062,681— William  Edward  Danner,  Perth,  Ontario,  Canada.  Tooth 
powder. 

1,082,777- John  Henry  Stringham,  assignor  to  American  Combustion 
Company,  Jersey  City,  N.  J.     Nebulizer  of  liquids. 

1,082,780— Albrecht  Thiele,  assignor  to  Chemische  Fabrik  auf  Actien 
(.vorm.  F.  ScheringJ,  Berlin,  Germany.  Pharmaceutical  com- 
pounds. 

1.082,808— Norman   Hubbard,   Elizabeth.   N.  J.     Bottle  holder. 

1,083,107- David  B.  Landers,  Hollywood,  Cal.    Funnel. 

1,083,115— William   H.    Mannon.    Ouray.   Ohio.      Non-refillable    bottle. 

l.Cto.ltsj — Theophil    Bednarowicz,    South    Bend,    Ind.      Bottle    hller. 

1,083,184— Walter  E.   Blackstock,  Astoria,  Ore.     Non-refillable  bottle. 

1,083,232 — Roger  William  Wallace  and  Eugene  Wassmer,  London, 
England.     Process  for  the  production  of  ammonia. 

Granted   January   6,    1914. 

1.083.327— Edwin  S.   Hopson,   Russellville,   Ky,     Container  stopper. 

1,083,355— Thomas  A.  Edison,  Llewellyn  Park.  West  Orange,  N.  J. 
Art  of  forming  chemical   compounds. 

1,083,389— James  R.  Dunn.  Baltimore,  Md.     Bottle  closure. 

1.083,518— Wilhelm  Bauer  and  Alfred  Herre  and  Rudolf  Mayer,  as- 
signors to  Farbenfabriken  vorm.  Friedr.  Bayer  &  Co.,  Elber- 
fejd,  Germany.     Halogenated  2.3-Naphthisatins. 

1,083,528— Carl   Fellerer,    Freising,    Germany.     Atomizer. 

1,083,561 — John  C.  Rising,  Stockton,  Cal.,  assignor  of  one-fourth  to 
Arthur  R.  Kirkland.  Stockton,  Cal.,  and  one-fourth  to  John  L. 
Martin,  Los  Angeles.  Cal.     Toilet  disinfectant. 

1,083,585— Carl  Bosch  and  Alwin  Mittasch,  assignors  to  Badische 
Anilin  &  Soda  Fabrik,  Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,  Germany. 
Catalytic  production  of  ammonia. 

1,083,589— John  E.  Buchner,  Coventry,  R.  I.  Process  of  producing 
formates  and  the  like. 

1,083,698— Nils   Nilson,   Worcester.   Mass.     Xon-refillable   bottle. 

1,083,703— Fritz  Rolhe,  Dessau,  Anhalt,  Germany.  Method  of  pro- 
ducing ammonia  and  compounds  of  ammonia. 

1,083,768— William  F.  Stone,  Woodbury,  N.  J.,  assignor  to  Star  Seal 
Company.     Bottle-sealing  machine. 

1,083,802— John  H.  Castona,  assignor  to  Castona  Improved  Process 
Co.,   Gulf  port,   Miss.     Turpentine   and   resin   extractor. 

1,083.849 — Raymond  Moloney,  New  York,  N.  Y.     Stopper  cap. 

1,083,873— Frederick    William    Burch,    Pueblo.    Col.     Water  bag. 

1,083,888— Albert  Pietzsch  and  Gustav  Adolph,  Hoellriegelskreuth, 
near  Munich,  Germany.    Process  of  producing  hydrogen  peroxide. 

Granted  January   13,    1914. 

1,083.934 — Eduard  Kobner  and  Paul  Fritzsching.  assignors  to  C.  F. 
Boehringer  &  Soehne,  Manheim-Waldhof,  Germany.  Hemoglo- 
binometer. 

1,083,953 — Maurice  Switzer,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  ana  Joseph  D.  La- 
croix,  Baltimore.  Md.,  assignors,  by  direct  and  mesne  assign- 
ments, of  one-half  to  The  Wilson  Distilling  Company,  New 
York.  N.  Y.,  and  one-half  to  Herman  Ellis,  New  York.  Non- 
refiUabie  bottle. 

1.084,243 — Willis  G.  Young,  assignor  to  Western  Engineering  Co., 
Chicago,    111.      Bottle  holder. 

1.084.422 — Joseph  Gebhart.   Zion  City,   111.     Cork  extractor. 

1,084,427 — George  A.   Hanks,   Yonkers,   N.   Y.     Nursing  bottle  holder. 

1,084,436 — Henry  Howard,  Boston,  Mass.  Process  of  making  solid 
sodium  bisulphite. 

1,084.457— Charles    F.   Madden,   Beachmont,   Mass.     Bottle   holder. 

l,084.510~Philip  Edward  Warren,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Non-refillable 
bottle. 

1,084,527 — William  F.  Beaird,  assignor  to  M.  J.  Bowdish,  C.  A. 
White,  and  J.   S.  Whittington,  Wichita,   Kan.     Prescription   file. 

1,084,537- Walter  J.   Clark,   Fort  Scott,   Kan.     Tooth  paste  container. 

1,084,581 — Fritz  Klatte,  assignor  to  Chemische  Fabrik  Griesheim- 
Elektron,  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany.  Manufacture  of 
esters  and  ethers  of  ethylidene  glycol   and   of  vinyl   alcohol. 


TRADE-MARKS. 


Published  December  16,   1913. 
33,485 — L.   H.  et  E.   Darrasse  et  Cie,  Paris,  France.     A  pharmaceuti- 
cal preparation  for  wasting  diseases. 


45.284 — C.  C.  Cannon,  Johnsonville.  S.  C.     Liniment. 

72,246 — Dosler-Northington  Drug  Co.,  Birmingham,  Ala.  Toilet  pow- 
der, etc 

72,788— The  Oro  Chemical  Company,  Joplin,  Mo,  Diarrhoea  medi- 
cine. 

72,942 — Geo.  S.  Myers  &  Sons,  Honesdale.  Pa.  A  preparation  for 
the  external   treatment  of  pneumonia. 

73,349 — Vereinigle  Chemische  Werke  Aktiengesellschaft,  Charlotten- 
burg,    Germany,     Choi  in    preparation. 

73,383 — Mary   E,   Leive,  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.     Dandruff  remedy. 

73,457— Miguel   Sobrino,  Tampa.   Fla.     An   antiseptic 

73,464— Bcrtalan   Barna,    New    York,   N.    Y.     Menthol   salt   spirit 

73.556— Henry  A.  Mullins,  New  York,  N.  Y.  A  preparation  for  the^ 
treatment  of  chronic  constipation. 

73,635 — Camden   Woofter,   St.    Louis,   Mo.     Corn   and  bunion   remedy. 

73.838— H.    K.    Mulford   Company,    Philadelphia,    Pa.     Vaccines. 

73.848— Sleinicke  &  Apicella.  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y.  Alkaline 
antiseptic 

73,851- King  &  Oliphant.  Macon,  Ga.  Mouth  wash  and  for  the 
treatment  of  Rigg's  disease, 

73,865— Berlin  Chemical  Laboratories,  Inc.  New  York,  N.  Y.  Tonic 
for  nervousness,  etc 

73.787— J.    Frank   Algoe,   Flint,  Mich.     Kidney  disease  remedy. 

73,888— Richard  Hudnut,  New  York,  N.  Y.     Perfume,  face  cream,  etc. 

74,155— Albert  J.   Detwiler,  Chester,  Pa.    A  salve. 

Published  December  23,   1913. 

62,61S~Howard   Bros.   Chemical    Co.,   Buffalo,   N.   Y.     Eye   salve  and 

eye  water. 
63,763— E.    Wertheimer  et   Cie,   Paris,   France.     Perfumery    and   face 

tints. 
69,298 — Henry    A.    Moore,    Cambridge,    Mass.     Hair   tonic   and    skin 

creams. 
69,985 — Andrew   J.    Czarniecki.    McAdoo,    Pa.     Appendicitis    remedy. 
70,318— Hamlins   Wizard   Oil    Company,    Chicago,   111.     Medicinal    oil 

for  rheumatism. 
70,756 — Druggists'   Co-operative  Association,  Inc.,  Jersey  City,   N.J. 

Charcoal  lozenges  and  other  specialties. 
72,059— Duerr-Schaefer    Pharmacal    Co.,    Benton    Harbor,    Mich.      A 

medicinal   saline  compound. 
72.395— Charles    Fisher,    Chicago,    111.      Rheumatism    remedy. 
72,665 — Maurice   Monin,   Paris.   France.     Toilet   powders. 
72,720— The     De     Vilbiss     Manufacturing     Company,     Toledo,     Ohio. 

Atomizers  and   nebulizers. 
73,154 — David   M.    Smoot.    Laneville,  W.   Va.     Liniment. 
73,250— Sallie   Booker,   North   Birmingham,  Ala.     Straightening  oil. 
73,296— Ped-Ami   Co.,   Inc.,   New  York,   N.   Y.     Powder  or  tablet  for 

the  feet 
73,425 — David    Slavitsky,    Fall    River,    Mass.     A    remedy    for    colds 

and  catarrh. 
73,557 — Martha    Elizabeth   Robins,    Richmond,  Va.     Liver  pills. 
73,634 — Camden   Woofter,    St.    Louis,   Mo.     Corn   and  bunion   plaster. 
73,649— The  American  Ointment  Co.,  New  Brighton,  Pa.     Medicated 

ointment. 
73,751 — Chamberlin  Laboratories,  Inc.,  Chicago,  111.    A  medicine  for 

syphilis   and   similar  diseases. 
73,799,  73.SOO.  73,801— United   Drug  Company,  Boston,  Mass.     Rubber 

goods,  etc 

Published  December  30,   1913. 

27,839 — Edwin   Walker,    Erie,    Pa.     Cork   pullers,   cork   screws,   etc. 
38,242 — Eberhart    Pharmacal    Co.,    Dickson,    Tenn.      Chill    and    fever 

remedy,  etc. 
66,681 — Baker  Chemical   Co.,   Detroit,   Mich.     Rheumatic   remedy. 
70,093— The    W.    F.    Gray    Company,    Madison    and    Nashville,    Tenn. 

A  medical   ointment. 
72,915 — William  J.    Deegan,   Chicago,   111.     Hair  preparation. 
73,339 — John  J.   Fulton   Company,   Pierre,   S.   D.     Medicinal   prepaia- 

tion   for  diabetes   and  diseases  of  the   kidneys. 
73,423 — Julia  Pavelkovitz,  Chico,  Cal.     Hair  restorer. 
73,437— Horace  A.    Bennett,   Newton   and  Boston,  Mass.     Rheumatic 

and   lumbago   remedy. 
73,548— Harry    S.    Goldstein,    Philadelphia.    Pa.      Dental    cream. 
73,796 — Harris  Newell  Reynolds,  New  York,  N.  Y.     A  germicide  for 

the  digestive  tracts. 
73,830— Dr.  Burke's  Catarrh  Remedy  Co.,  Kansas  City,  Mo.    Catarrh 

remedy. 

Published    January   6,    1914. 

66.164 — Eva   Bayer.  Baltimore  county,   Md.     Salves. 

67,000— National    Pharmacy    Co.,   Oakland,   Cal.     A  face   cream, 

70,329— David  Westheimer,   New   York,   N.    Y.     Medical   tonics. 

70,918 — Girard   E.   Thompson,   Chatham,  Va.     Liver  pills. 

72.335— Fulton   Bag   &  Cotton   Mills,  Atlanta,   Ga.     A  deodorant. 

73,096 — Backes   &   Ferguson,    Stockton,   Cal.     Foot   salves   and    pow- 
ders. 

73,161— George  Harry  Waltz,  Baltimore,  Md.     Dyspepsia  and  heart- 
burn. 

73,525— Max    Wolodarsky,    New    York,    N.    Y.      Toilet    cream    and 
lotion. 

73,704 — Frederick    A.    Woodmansee,    Galesburg,    111.      Remedy    for 
horses  and  cattle. 

73,907— W.  J.  Gilmore  Drug  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.     Medicine  for 
blood  disease,   etc. 

73,948 — Jacobs'   Pharmacy  Company,   Atlanta,   Ga.     Corn   remedy. 

74,018 — John   Wicllffe   Peck,    London,    England.     A   mixture   for  use- 
in   the   manufacture  of  surgical   splints   and  medical   appliances. 

74.168 — James   S.    Kirk    &   Company,    Chicago,    III.     Cologne. 

74.252— Fishman   &  McGowan.   Sidney.   Neb.     Eczema  ointment. 

74,304— Edward   W.   Cox.   Cleveland,   Ohio.     Cathartics. 

74,340.    74,341,    74.343.    74.344.    74,345    and    74,346-Tokalon,    Inc.,    New- 
York.   N.   Y.     Perfumery. 

Published   January   13,    1914. 

71_3'6_Providol     Gesellschaft     mit     Beschrankter    Haftung,     Berlin,. 
Germany.     Medicinal  and  toilet   soap. 


February,  191-4] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


93 


BUSINESS    OUTLOOK    BRIGHTENING. 


Marked  Advances  in  Morphine  and  Codeine 
ther   Declines  in   Oils   of  Lemon   and   Or 

See  pages  26  to  40  for  Prices  Current. 
Changes  Since  Last  Report. 

A — Acid,   Boracic,   Powdered lb.  .12 

A— Acid,  Molybdic,   C.P lb. 

1-oz.    vials 02. 

A — Ammonium    Mo!ybdate    oz.  .20 

D — Angelica    Seed     lb.  .40 

A — Atiopine,   !-i-oz.  vials oz.  7.00 

A — Atropine   Sulphate,    Ys-oz.  vials oz.  6.00 

A— Balsam  Tolu   lb.  .85 

A — Cantharides,    Russian,    Sifted lb.  1.85 

Powdered    lb.  1.95 

D — Cardamom    Seed,   Decorticated lb.  1.40 

D — Chamomile,   Roman   or   Belgian lb.  .25 

D — Cocaine,  Alkaloid,  Ys-oz.  vials oz.  3.95 

Hydrochloride,   cryst oz.  3.20 

J^-oz.  vials.... oz.  3.25 

A — Codeine     oz.  7.00 

A — Codeine  Phosphate    oz.  6.50 

A — Codeine  Sulpliate  oz.  6.75 

D — Digitalin,    }^-oz.    vials oz.  8.50 

D — Elaterium     oz.  .60 

D— Ergot     lb.  .80 

Powdered     lb.  .90 

D — Ipecac   Root.   Carthagena lb.  1.85 

Powdered     ...lb.  2.05 

A— Kino     lb.  .50 

Powdered   lb.  .60 

D — JIanganese   Bromide oz.  .23 

Chloride,    Crystal lb.  .30 

Hypophosphite    lb. 

D — Mercury    Bisulphate    lb.  .60 

A— Mercurj-   Chloride,   Mild    (Calomel) ...  .lb.  1.04 

D — Mercury  Iodide   (Green  Proto) lb.  3.35 

A — Morphine   .Acetate,    }^-oz.   vials oz.  5.70 

Alkaloid,   }^-oz.  vials oz.  7.00 

Hydrobromide,    }^-oz.    vials. oz.  6.25 

Hydrochloride,  %-oz.  vials.. oz.  5.70 

Sulphate,  1-oz   vials ...oz  5.45 

^-oz.  vials oz.  5.70 

Valerate,   }^-oz.  vials oz.  7.10 

D— Oil    Lemon lb.  3.35 

D— Oil,    Olive,    Malaga gal.  1.20 

D — Oil    Orange.    Sweet lb.  3.70 

D — Potassium    Carbonate,    C.P lb.  .30 

A — Saffron,     ■-\merican     (Safflower) lb.  .60 

D — Saffron,    Spanish,    True,    Valencia lb.  12.00 

A— Sugar  Milk,  1-lb.  cartons lb.  .23 

A— Thymol    lb.  2.55 

X> — Vanillin    oz.  .40 

A— Wax,   Bees,    White lb.  .37 

A— Zinc    Chloride,    Fused lb.  .30 

Iodide     oz.  .40 

Phosphide   oz.  .15 

NOTE — A,    advanced;    D,    declined;    C,    correction; 


and  Fur- 
ang-e. 


.18 

4.25 

.35 

.24 

.45 

7.50 

625 

.90 

1.90 

2.10 

1.50 

.30 

4.15 

3.35 

3.40 

7.60 

7.10 

7.35 

9.00 

.85 

1.10 

1.40 

2.00 

2.20 

.55 

.65 

.26 

.55 

1.50 

.65 

1.25 

3.50 

6.00 

7.25 

6.75 

6.00 

5.75 

6.00 

7.35 

3.55 

1.40 

3.80 

.40 

.70 

13  00 

.27 

2.60 

.45 

.60 

,40 

,44 

.22 

new. 


N, 


NEW  YORK,  Jan.  24. — Quiet  conditions  have  prevailed 
during  most  of  the  time  that  has  elapsed  s'nce  our  last 
report,  but  interviews  with  leading  jobbers  indicate 
greater  activity  and  that  the  drug  trade  in  common  with  other 
business  enterprises  is  beginning  to  feel  renewed  confidence  in 
the  outlook  for  future  commercal  prosperity.  During  the  past 
week  mail  and  telegraphic  orders  were  received  from  out  of 
town  in  a  larger  volume,  and  some  increase  was  noted  in  the 
demand  from  local  buyers,  this  activity  showing  that  buyers 
■and  consumers  have  begun  to  replenish  depleted  stocks  in 
anticipation  of  increased  business.  Opium  still  continues  to 
find  a  limited  outlet,  but  prices  remained  unchanged  at  last 
month's  quotations.     Quinine  is  firm,  while  morphine  has  been 


advanced,  following  the  general  upward  trend  noted  last  month. 
Orris  root  still  continues  firm  in  sympathy  with  conditions 
abroad,  no  quotable  change  in  prices  being  reported.  Spanish 
saffron  is  easier,  while  .■\nierican  has  been  advanced.  Both 
oil  of  lemon  and  oil  sweet  orange  are  lower  in  consequence  of 
developing  weakness  in  Messina.  Cocaine  is  lower,  and  codeine 
and  its  salts  have  been  advanced.  Russian  cantharides  are 
higher,  while  ergot  prices  have  declined  on  increased  offerings. 
.A.lcohol  is  in  increased  demand  and  firrh  at  present  quotations. 

Opium — Has  been  extremely  quiet,  but  prices  are  unchanged 
at  last  month's  quotations.  $6.2S@$6.S0  being  asked  for  natural, 
and  $8@$8.20  for  both  granulated  and  U.S. P.  powdered. 

Morphine — .-Vnother  advance  is  noted  in  price  of  this  alka- 
loid, as  also  its  salts,  the  schedule  of  quotations  being  as  follows: 
Alkaloid,  !'^-oz.  vials,  per  ounce,  $7.@$7.25  ;  acetate,  ^-oz.  vials, 
per  ounce,  $5.70@$6;  hydrobromide,  '/i-oz.  vials,  per  ounce, 
$6.25@$6.75;  hydrochloride,  Ys-oz-  vials,  per  ounce,  $5.70@$6; 
sulphate,  ;4-oz,  vials,  per  ounce,  $5.70{g$6;  per  ounce,  $5.45@ 
$5.75;  valerate,  J^-oz.  via's,  per  ounce,  $7.10(g$7.35.  This 
advance  reflects  the  relatively  high  import  duty  now  assessed 
on  this  alkaloid  as  a  derivative  of  opium. 

Codeine — For  the  same  reason  this  alkaloid  of  opium  is  also 
firmly  maintained  by  manufacturers,  and  prices  have  been  ad- 
vanced to  ?7(«$7.30  per  ounce  for  codeine,  5'6-50(a:$7.10  for 
phosphcte.  and  $6.75(«'$7.35  per  ounce  for  sulphate. 

Cocaine — Has  been  considerably  reduced  in  consequence  of 
lessened  demand,  jobbers  quoting  $3.95@$4.15  for  alkaloid  in 
J/g-oz.  via's,  and  $3.20@$3.35  per  ounce  for  hydrochloride;  in 
Ys-oz.  vials,  $3.25@$3.40. 

Quinine — Is  meeting  with  a  moderate  demand  and  the  mar- 
ket is  firm  at  26c.  per  ounce  in  100-ounce  tins.  A  develop- 
ment which  will  undoubtedly  make  for  higher  prices  was  the 
10  per  cent,  advance  paid  on  the  10,863  packages  or  959,408 
kilos  of  cinchona  bark,  which  were  auctioned  at  .\msterdam 
on  Jan.  22. 

Menthoi — Quotations  are  unchanged,  but  the  market  is 
firm  in  consequence  of  an  active  inquiry  and  reports  of  dimin- 
ishing supplies.  Several  large  sales  have  been  recently  reported 
in  this  market. 

Ergot — Prices  have  declined  on  increased  offerings,  and 
reports  that  the  new  crop  is  exceeding  expectations  abroad. 
The  quotations  range  from  80c.(ffi$1.10  per  pound  for  whole, 
and  90c.@$1.40  per  pound   for  powdered. 

Ipec.-vc  Root — Is  easier  and  in  better  supply,  Carthagena 
fetching  $1.85@$2  per  pound  for  whole,  and  $2.05@$2.20  for 
powdered. 

Kino — Is  meeting  with  a  fair  inquiry  and  prices  have  been 
advanced  to  50c.@55c.  per  pound  for  whole,  and  60c.@65c.  for 
powdered. 

M.-vnganese  BROisnDE — A  revision  of  quotations  shows  lower 
prices  for  this  salt,  23c.(S'26c.  per  ounce  being  asked.  Man- 
ganese chloride,  crystallized,  is  quoted  at  30c.@55c.  per  pound, 
and  hypophosphite  at  $1.50  per  pound. 

Mercuri.'^ls — Slight  changes  are  reported  in  the  quotations 
on  the  following  salts:  Bisulphate,  60c.@6Sc.  per  pound;  mild 
chloride  (calomel),  $1.04@$1.25  per  pound;  protoiodide 
(green),  $3.35@$3.50  per  pound. 

On  Peppermint — Is  meeting  with  a  fair  demand  and  the 
market  continues  steady  at  $4^$4,25  per  pound  for  New  York, 
$3.90@$4  for  Hotchkiss,  and  $3.75@$4  for  Western.  A  report 
from  Michigan  states  that  stocks  in  the  country  are  smaller  this 
season  than  those  of  any  corresponding  season  of  recent  years, 
and  the  shortage  in  the  production  this  year  is  certain  to  be 
felt  later. 

On,  Lemon — Has  suffered  another  decline  and  is  now 
quoted  at  $3.35@$3.55  per  pound.  Advices  from  Messina 
state  that  considerable  weakness  has  developed  in  this  article 
there,  while  it  is  stated  that  importers  here  are  making  further 
concessions  in  the  hope  of  increasing  the  waning  purchasing 
operations  of  consumers,  the  most  important  period  of  the 
season   for  this  product  being  well  advanced. 

Oil  Or.\nge — This  product  has  also  declined  as  a  result  of 
the  continued  diminution  of  purchasing  operations,  jobbers 
quoting  5;3.70@$3.80  per  pound  for  sweet. 


94 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[February,  1914 


Saffron— American  (safflower)  is  in  scanty  supply  and 
firmly  held  at  60c.@"0c.  per  pound.  Still  higher  prices  arc 
predicted  by  some,  owing  to  the  increasing  difficulties  expe- 
rienced in  replenishing  supplies  in  Mexico,  the  country  ol 
production.  It  is  contended  by  some  that  there  will  be  little 
if  any  saffron  grown  in  that  country  next  year.  A  revision  of 
quotations  shows  a  lower  range  of  prices  for  Spanish  (true 
\'alencia),  $12(a$13  per  pound  being  asked.  The  market  for 
this  article  is  firm,  however. 

S.^XTONix — Lacks  quotable  change,  but  an  advance  is  ex- 
pected by  some  in  the  near  future. 

B.\LS.\M  Totr — Shows  a  slight  advance  over  last  month's 
quotations,  S5c.(<f9l)c.  per  pound  being  asked. 

\'.VN"ILLIX — Is  lower,  40c.@45c.  per  ounce  being  quoted. 

ToxKA  Bf.\xs — .Xngostura  are  unchanged  at  $2.25(g$2.50 
per  pound.  .-V  recent  cable  from  Venezuela  states  that  pros- 
pects for  next  season's  crop  favor  a  yield  of  only  20,000  pounds, 
and  it  is  predicted  that  prices  will  go  higher. 

Acid,  Molybdic — Chemically  pure  is  higher,  jobbers  asking 
$4.25  per  pound,  and  35c.  per  ounce  in  via!s.  Ammonium 
molybdate  is  also  higher,  20c.@24c.  being  asked. 

S.«s.\p.\RrLLA  Root— Cut  Mexican  root  is  still  obtainable  at 
last  months  quotations — 40c.@45c.  per  pound  for  whole  and 
powdered,  but  the  market  exhibits  a  very  strong  tone  owing 
to  the  political  situation  in  the  country  of  production.  For 
this  reason  there  are  some  in  the  trade  who  predict  a  further 
advance  in  prices  in  the  near  future. 

B.\LSAM  OF  Fir — A  scarcity  of  offerings  from  the  primary 
sources  of  supply  continues  to  be  noted  for  Canada,  although 
the  demand  is  steady  and  prices  remain  unchanged  at  $1.25@ 
SI. 35  per  pound.  Oregon  is  easier  in  a  large  waj',  with  jobbers 
quoting  25c.(a30c.  per  pound. 

Thymol — Has  advanced  sharply,  $2.2S@$2.60  per  pound 
being  the  ruling  jobbing  quotations. 

C.\XTH.\RIDES — Russian  are  in  limited  supply  and  quotations 
have  been  advanced  to  $I.85@$1.90  for  sifted,  and  $1.95@$2.10 
for  powdered. 

Cardamom  Seeds — Decorticated  are  lower,  $1.40@$1.50  per 
pound   heine  I'.ioted.     Other  grades  are  unchanged   in  price. 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  Era  Course  In  Pbarmacy  is  a  systematic  home-study  courge, 
designed  to  give  a  theoretical  and  worlsing  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  intended  especially  (or  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  ■  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  53  Lec- 
tures; it  can  t)e  completed  In  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  th« 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete Prospectus  can  be   had  by  addressing 

Director,  Era  Colkse  in  Ph.\rmacy-, 

c/o  D.  O.  Haynes  &■  Co , 

No.  3  Park  Pl.vce,  New  York. 


Matriculation     Graduates  to  Jan.   23,    1914.     Graduating 
Number.  Average. 

7167— Henry   J.  Willett,   Attlcboro,   Mass 92 

73.^5- Alfred   B.   Overby,   Lankin,   N.   D 97 

7465— Gifford  L.   Potts,   Klkton,   Md 93 

■   7658— Victor  H.  Hinklcy,  Bar  Harbor,   Me 94 

7754 — .\mbrose    Reid,    Chicago,    111 92 

7756 — Robert   L.   Conner,   Sewanee,    Tenn 90 

The  Best  and  Most  Practical  Course. 
"I  consider  the  Er.\  Course  the  best  rnd  most  practical  of 
any  work  that  I  have  seen  on  the  subject  for  home  study. 
It  is  truly  a  shorthand  method  of  obtaining  a  general  and 
practical  knowledge  of  the  most  important  points.  Yet  nothing 
has  been  left  out  tliat  might  make  it  incomplete.  I  would  not 
part  w^ith  the  Lectures  for  many  times  what  they  cost  me. 
I  can  furthermore  recommend  it  most  highly  to  anyone  con- 
templating taking  up  a  home  course." — .Ambrose  Reid,  Chi- 
cago, III. 

The  Kansas  City  .'\ssociation  of  Retail  Druggists  has  pass'ed 

resolutions  indorsing  the  action  of  the  police  commissioners  in 

their   efforts   to   stamp   out   the  illegal   sale   of   liquor   in   drug 

stores. 


TtlADL    MARK 

'tr^TERVAL    AND   INTERSALL'S 

^■HruROGeN  Peroxide. I'S-R  :; 
Tmvmol 

EC'CAUTr'f'TOt-  "  ,J 

fciiieJSir^.dd  v.,  ^ratn  per  fl'Jid  j.'« 

m\  CHFMICAL  CORPORUll 


25c. 

size. 

$2. 

per 

dozen 

50c. 

size, 

$4. 

per 

dozen 

$1. 

size. 

$8. 

per 

dozen 

ARE  YOU 
SELLING 


OiTOGEN  7 

■■■■■I  Antiseptic    |       ^k 


If  not,  send  us  a  list  of  the  Doctors  and 
Dentists  who  trade  with  you  and  order  a 
small  supply  of  LISTOGEN  from  your  Jobber. 
We  will  send  you  Customers — plenty  of  them. 

LISTOGEN  is  immensely  popular  because 
of  its  dual  efficiency — its  value  as  both  a 
cleansing  and  healing  agent.  Its  remedial 
properties  find  immediate  favor  with  Dentists 
and  Doctors  generally,  and  they  prescribe  and 
recommend  it  where  its  use  is  indicated. 

BOLTON  CHEMICAL  CORPORATION 


256  West  Twenty-third  Street, 


New  York  City 


AN   ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBLICATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XLVH 


New  York,  JIarch,  1914 


No.  3 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era 

PUBLISHED   ON  THE   FIRST  OF   EACH  MONTH. 


D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

Telephone,  7646  Barclay.  Cable  Address,  "Era,  New  York." 


Subscription   Rates  : 

Single   Copies,   15  cents. 
Domestic    Rates    to    U.S.,    Cuba,    Hawaii,    Porto    Rico, 

the    Philippines    and    Mexico $1.00  a  year 

To    Canada,    postpaid 1.50  a  year 

To   Foreign   Countries  in  Postal   Union 2.00  a  year 

The  Era  Price  List  with  Subscription,  50c.  a  Copy. 
PRICES  INCLUDE   POSTAGE   AND    PAYABLE   IN   ADVANCE. 

REMIT  by  P.O.  or  Express  Order  or  New  York  Draft  payable 
to  order  of  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.  Add  10  cents  for  collection  charges 
if  you  send  local  check. 

Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas- 
urer, D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N.  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  Officers  is  No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

E?itered  at  the  New  York  Post-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1914,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  Sf  Co.    All  rights  reserved. 

Title   Registered  in   the    United  States  Patent   Office. 

SENDING    POISONS    THROITGH    THE    MAILS. 


The  recent  arrest  of  the  New  York  branch  man- 
ager of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  on  the  charge  of  send- 
ing poisons  tlirough  the  mails  in  violation  of  the 
regulations  set  forth  in  revised  Circular  No.  58  has 
caused  the  National  Association  of  Manufacturers 
of  Medicinal  Products  to  ad\ise  its  members  and 
the  trade  generally,  not  to  send,  pending  a  deter- 
mination of  the  issues  in  the  suit,  an.y  opium  or 
coca  leaves,  their  alkaloids,  salts,  derivatives  or 
preparations  by  mail,  and  that  pharmacists,  phy- 
sicians, dentists  and  veterinarians  be  required  to 
secure  such  medicinal  preparations,  "however 
urgent  the  case  or  however  remote  they  might  be 
from  express  or  freight  offices  by  other  means  of 
transportation. ' ' 

The  arrest  of  Mr.  Smith  followed  the  mailing  of 
a  quantity  of  heroin  tablets  by  the  New  York 
branch  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  to  a  Boston  whole- 
sale drug  house,  Carter,  Carter  &  Meigs,  a  practice 
which  was  perfectly  legal  and  especially  provided 
for  in  Circular  No.  58  up  to  about  six  months  ago, 
when,  it  is  claimed,  the  circular  was  revised  and 
regulations  issued  that  prohibit  the   transmission 


of  all  poisons  through  the  mails.  A  detailed  state- 
ment of  the  arrest  will  be  found  in  our  news 
columns.  Mr.  Smith  is  out  on  bail,  not  under  in- 
dictment, and  the  case  is  allowed  to  rest  imtil  the 
U.S.  District- Attorney  shall  be  instructed  by  the 
legal  authorities  at  Washington  as  to  the  method  of 
procedure. 

We  believe  that  the  use  of  the  mails  should  not 
be  denied  to  manufacturers,  wholesalers  or  pharma- 
cists who  desire  to  send  to  legally  qualified  prac- 
titioners of  medicine  medicines  which  are  not  poi- 
sons when  used  in  therapeutic  doses  for  legitimate 
purposes.  To  prohibit  doctors  and  druggists  from 
using  the  mails  for  this  purpose  is  in  many  eases 
to  further  endanger  the  lives  of  the  sick,  to  say 
nothing  of  the  inconvenience  and  expense  that  will 
fall  upon  the  doctor,  pharmacist  and  patient  if 
such  sliipments  can  be  made  only  by  such  means 
as  are  afforded  by  freight  and  express  companies. 

Until  this  case  is  definitely  settled,  druggists 
will  note  that  in  general,  all  poisons  are  held  to  be 
unmailable  imder  the  postal  laws.  Section  472 
provides : 

".•\ll  kinds  of  poisons,  and  all  articles  and  compo- 
sitions containing  poisons  .  .  .,  and  all  other 
natural  or  artificial  articles,  compositions  or  materials 
of  whatever  kind  which  may  kill  or  in  anywise  hurt, 
harm,  or  injure  another     .      .  are  hereby  declared 

to    be   non-mailable   matter      .  .  ;    but   the    Post- 

master-General may  permit  the  transmission  in  the 
mails,  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  he  shall 
prescribe  as  to  preparation  and  packing,  of  any  articles 
hereinbefore  described  which  are  not  outwardly  or  of 
their  own  force  dangerous  or  injurious  to  health,  life 
or  property." 

Pharmacists,  jobbers  and  physicians  should  unite 
with  the  members  of  the  National  Association  of 
Manufacturers  of  Medicinal  Products  in  their  en- 
deavor to  urge  the  Postmaster-General  to  promul- 
gate reasonable  rules  to  carry  out  the  intention  of 
Congress  not  to  exclude  medicinal  preparations 
from  the  mail. 


TO    HELP    THE    ARMY    HOSPITAL    CORPS. 

An  appeal  to  the  pharmacists  of  the  country  to 
use  their  influence  to  promote  the  efficiency  of  the 
Hospital  Corps  of  the  United  States  Army  is  the 
sub.ject  of  two  letters  appearing  in  the  correspond- 
ence department  of  the  Era  this  month,  the  writers 
being  Dr.  George  P.  Payne  and  Professor  W.  B. 


96 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[IMarch,  1914r 


Day,  respectively.  The  bills  now  before  Congress 
for  this  purpose  are  House  Bill  No.  1  and  Senate 
Bill  No.  929,  »ind  they  seek  to  remedy  the  condi- 
tions which  make  it  difficult,  if  not  impossible,  to 
secure  for  the  Hospital  Corps  the  class  of  men 
necessary  for  the  elHcient  performance  of  duties 
connected  with  the  care  of  the  sick  and  A\-ith  sani- 
t;\rj-  science  in  general.  The  bills  provide  increased 
pay  and  establish  a  higher  rank  of  non-comis- 
sioned  officers,  thereby  affording  opportunity  for 
promotion  such  as  compares  in  a  measure  with  other 
staff  corps  of  the  army. 

The  pharmacist's  usefulness  has  been  recognized 
in  other  branches  of  the  Government  service, 
notably  in  the  Navy  iind  ^lai-ine  Corps,  where  he 
has  an  opportunity  to  rise  from  the  ranks  and 
where  he  enjoys  the  status  of  a  warrant  officer.  A 
proper  recognition  of  the  pharmacists  in  the  army 
is  only  delayed  by  the  procrastination  of  national 
legislators  who  find  other  measures  more  productive 
of  immediate  benefits,  and  thus  postpone  action  on 
bills  which  are  introduced  for  the  benefit  of  phar- 
macists. The  consideration  that  has  been  extended 
to  pharmacists  in  the  navj-  makes  American  phar- 
macists more  willing  to  go  ipto  that  branch  of  the 
servdce,  with  a  consequent  decrease  in  the  number 
of  aliens.  This  would  also  be  the  result  in  the 
army.  So  write  to  your  Congressman  and  Senator 
favoring  this  important  action.  The  capable  phar- 
macist is  as  much  of  a  necessity  in  the  army  as  is 
the  surgeon,  and  his  reward  should  be  in  proportion 
to  that  of  the  medical  man. 


THE    ANNTIAL    LEGISLATIVE    EXHIBIT. 


Judging  by  the  number  of  bills  relating  to  phar- 
macy introduced  into  the  New  York  Legislature 
d\iring  the  present  session  of  that  body,  referred  to 
in  our  news  columns,  drug  and  food  legislation  still 
continues  to  occupy  the  usual  conspicuous  place  on 
the  calendar.  Viewed  in  its  entirety,  the  bulk  of 
this  legislative  "exhibit"  is  a  veritable  jumble, 
showing  a  lack  of  supervision  on  the  part  of  the 
legislators  themselves,  and  as  great  a  lack  of  co- 
operation on  the  part  of  those  who  would  be  most 
directly  affected  by  the  enactment  of  such  measures. 

A  careful  study  of  the  material  presented  in  this 
"exhibit"  is  sufBcient  to  convince  almost  anyone 
that  much  of  the  proposed  legislation  is  useless  or 
wiU  prove  impracticable,  the  good  points  being  so 
obscured  by  the  bad  as  to  be  almost  indiscernible — 
useless,  because  the  errors  designed  to  be  corrected 
are  covered  by  laws  now  existing,  and  impractica- 
ble, because  the  proposed  measure  is  put  together  so 
loosely  that  a  traction  engine  could  be  driven 
through  the  most  important  provisions,  with  the 
result  that  they  would  prove  futile  for  the  very 
condition  they  were  designed  to  correct.  Such 
measures,  if  enacted  into  law,  confase  the  situation, 
and  instead  of  being  serviceable  to  the  people  of 
the  State,  they  really  afford  an  excuse  for  the  com- 
mission of  lawless  acts. 

This  proposed  legislation  may  be  taken  as  typi- 
cal of  that  which  has  faced  and  is  facing  the  phar- 
macists in  nearly  every  State.     If  any  lesson  is  to 


be  drawn  from  such  a  representation  it  is  that  laws 
must  be  drafted  that  will  stand  the  test  of  actual 
usage,  and  that  when  they  are  fmally  placed  upon 
the  statute  books  they  must  form  an  integral  part 
of  a  imiform  whole.  To  this  end  there  must  be 
greater  eo-operation  on  the  part  of  pharmacists 
themselves,  for  under  our  form  of  government  it  is 
only  by  putting  into  practice  the  rule  of  providing 
the  greatest  good  to  the  greatest  niunber  that  they 
can  hope  to  secure  legislation  that  will  give  at 
least  a  minimum  of  what  is  desired  as  a  basis  for 
the  ultimate  acquirement  of  the  maximum  of  what 
is  needed.  Undesirable  legislation  and  failure  are 
the  products  of  misdirected  effort,  and  the  condi- 
tions which  develop  these  handicaps  to  legitimate 
pharmacy  will  continue  just  as  long  as  those  whose 
interests  are  most  at  stake  continue  to  work  at 
cross-purposes. 


WHAT    THE    REAL   PROFIT    IS. 


PERHiVPs  in  no  more  vital  manner  has  drug 
merchandising  changed  during  the  past  25  .years 
than  in  the  methods  of  sales-promotion  and  profit- 
estimating — tlie  profit-guessers  are  being  eliminated 
and  the  profit-assurer  is  being  substituted.  In 
bringing  this  about  no  one  influence  has  had  more 
e&'ect  than  the  chain  store,  that  departmentized 
business  in  which  each  branch,  under  its  own 
manager,  is  expected  to  produce  a  profit,  and  at 
the  same  time  sell  many  advertised  articles  at  a 
cut  rate. 

Just  how  this  is  done,  and  successfully  done,  is 
an  interesting  chapter  in  the  story  of  "Pharmacy 
in  the  Past  Twenty- five  Years"  from  the  pen  of 
President  Louis  K.  Liggett,  of  the  United  Drug 
Company,  the  second  instalment  of  which  appears 
in  this  issue.  This  month's  chapter  in  Mr.  Liggett 's 
history  takes  up  the  economic  reasons  for  the  es- 
tablishment of  the  chain  store,  the  costs  of  doing 
business,  the  estimation  of  overhead,  the  matter  of 
salaries,  and  concludes  with  an  explanation  of 
"What  the  Real  Profit  Is,"  that  should  be  framed 
and  suspended  over  the  desk  of  every  druggist  in 
this  country.  Mr.  Liggett  is  a  practical  business 
man,  and  what  he  says  of  both  chain  store  and 
retail  drug  merchandising  methods  is  eminently 
practical  and  helpful — an  epitome  not  only  of  how 
to  make  money  in  the  drug  business,  but  how  to 
know  what  you  have  made  and  how  to  bolster  up  a 
weak  department  by  forcing  up  profits  elsewhere. 

These  are  not  trade  secrets,  'tis  true,  but  they 
might  as  well  be  in  the  case  of  the  druggist  who 
pays  a  dollar  for  an  article,  sells  it  for  a  dollar- 
thirty-three,  and  then  imagines  he  is  making  a 
profit,  when  he  is  but  coming  out  even  in  actual 
outlay  and  losing  his  time  in  addition. 


REGULATING   NARCOTIC   SALES. 


Never  before  in  the  history  of  legislation  affect- 
ing personal  license  has  there  been  such  a  deter- 
mined attempt  the  countrj'  over  to  regulate  the  sale 
of  habit-forming  narcotic  drugs.  City  ordinances. 
State  laws  and  National  acts,  aimed  at  the  control 


JIarch,  1914] 


THE    PHAEilACEUTICAL    ERA 


97 


-of  this  traffic,  and  in  many  cases  so  stringent  in 
their  provisions  that  their  enforcement  would  vir- 
tually amount  to  prohibition,  have  been  proposed, 
and,  in  man}'  instances,  adopted. 

The  Harrison  anti-nareotic  bill,  probably  the 
most  sweeping  measure  in  its  provisions  ever 
drafted,  has  received  the  indorsement  of  the  Na- 
tional Drug  Trade  Conference,  members  of  which 
have  taken  such  personal  interest  in  the  passage 
■of  the  act  as  to  confer  with  National  legislators  and 
urge  upon  the  members  of  the  Senate  finance  com- 
mittee its  immediate  enactment. 

The  Duli'ey  law  in  Ohio,  the  new  Tennessee  law, 
the  State-wide  campaign  in  California  under  recent 
anti-nareotie  legislation,  and  the  proposed  National 
act — followed  closely  by  the  legislators  of  ilichigan 
— to  banish  the  hypodermic  needle,  except  in  the 
hands  of  a  physician,  are  indicative  not  only  of  a 
widely-aroused  public  interest,  but  of  a  real  de- 
mand for  the  strictest  tj'pe  of  regulation  of  the 
sale  and  use  of  narcotics. 

The  druggists  of  the  country  are  to  be  found 
lined  up  with  the  advocates  of  such  regulation. 
There  has  been  no  hesitancy  on  the  part  of  the 
retail  pharmacist.  He  makes  but  one  demand — 
-and  that  perfectly  fair  and  equitable:  Under  any 
law,  ordinance  or  regulation,  city.  State  or  Na- 
tional, place  every  dealer  in  narcotics,  whether 
physician,  dentist,  veterinarian  or  druggist,  upon 
xibsolutely  the  same  basis,  subject  to  the  same 
supervision,  making  no  exceptions,  but  holding 
everj'  dispenser  of  narcotics,  whether  dispensing 
phj-sician  or  dispensing  druggist,  equally  responsi- 
ble imder  the  law. 


ECHOES   OF   THE   TRIPARTITE   PLAN. 


The  ann  uncement  of  the  death  of  C.  G.  A. 
Loder,  which  occurred  in  Philadelphia  last  month 
and  which  will  be  found  recorded  elsewhere  in  this 
issue  of  the  Era,  will  serve  to  recall  to  many  read- 
ers the  suit  instituted  by  him  against  the  members 
of  the  National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Association 
and  othei"s,  charging  them  with  violation  of  the 
Sherman  anti-trust  law,  and  contending  that  by 
the  enforcement  of  the  trade  agreement  known  as 
the  "tripartite  plan"  he  was  luiable  to  purchase 
drugs  aud  supplies  through  the  customary  chan- 
nels of  trade.  The  result  of  the  litigation  was 
favorable  to  him,  although  the  "plan"  was  not 
finally  abandoned  until  after  the  courts  had  ruled 
in  the  proceedings  known  as  the  "Indianapolis 
decision,"  that  the  combination  was  in  restraint 
of  trade. 

The  opposition  of  ]\Ir.  Loder  to  the  "tripartite 
plan"  was  only  an  incident  in  the  history  of  price- 
maintenance  plans  and  trade  agreements  in  so  far 
as  they  relate  to  the  conduct  of  the  drug  business. 
In  the  second  instalment  of  his  article  on  "Phar- 
macy in  the  Past  Twenty-five  Years,"  appearing 
on  pages  100  and  101  of  this  number  of  the  Era, 
L.  K.  Liggett  gives  a  short  history  of  the  "plan" 
and  its  operation,  and  tells  how  it  was  succeeded 
by  the  druggists  developing  their  own  line  of  goods 
to  meet  the  cut-price  competition  which  they  them- 


selves had  developed  and  were  responsible  for. 
Here,  then,  is  the  beginning  of  the  era  of  co-opera- 
tive manufacturing  as  now  practiced  in  the  drug 
trade,  and  the  conditions  which  produced  the  "tri- 
partite plan"  also  had  much  to  do  with  the  de- 
velopment of  the  "chain  store"  system  of  drug 
stores.  In  other  words,  as  viewed  by  Jlr.  Liggett, 
the  chain-sj'stem  store  was  and  is  a  direct  result 
of  cut  prices,  a  further  result  being  the  inaugura- 
tion of  co-operative  efiiort  among  the  leading  cutters. 
Another  reference  to  the  passing  of  the  "tri- 
partite plan"  appears  in  Mr.  ilayo's  address,  ab- 
stracted on  another  page  of  this  issue.  That  gentle- 
man fmds  in  the  decision  which  declared  the  plan 
"illegal"  a  word  of  comment,  basing  his  reason 
therefor  upon  the  action  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  United  States  in  introducing  the  word  "reason- 
able" into  the  Sherman  Act.  There  is  in  this  con- 
struction an  element  of  danger  to  personal  liberty, 
if  it  permits  a  bureau  chief  or  his  subordinate  to 
issue  regulations  or  rules  to  "roimd  out  the  law." 
In  theorj',  at  least,  no  legislative  body  can  delegate 
to  anj'  individual  or  bureau  official  its  power  to 
enact  laws,  and  any  attempt  to  act  in  this  direction 
is  a  menace  to  the  rights  of  the  individual  imder 
our  form  of  government.  To  be  sure,  there  must 
be  in  all  progress  a  unity  of  action  and  a  certain 
amount  of  centralization  in  the  methods  followed 
by  the  general  government,  but  these  should  never 
be  inconsistent  with  liberty  or  the  fundamental 
rights  of  the  citizen. 


EDUCATION   VS.   LEGISLATION. 


Ix  attempting  to  keep  bichloride  tablets  from 
reaching  a  wrong  destination — the  digestive  tract — 
lawmakers  are  setting  up  various  hazards  through 
which  the  tablets  must  pass,  providing  a  kind  of 
obstacle  race  to  stop  the  deadly  pellets  somewhere 
in  their  course.  Before  the  bottle  leaves  the  re- 
tailer's shelf,  its  sale  must  be  authorized  by  some 
competent  person.  Before  the  cork  is  taken  from 
the  bottle,  the  color  or  roughness  of  the  glass  halts 
the  act.  Before  the  tablet  is  dissolved  or  swallowed, 
the  color  of  the  material,  the  shape  of  the  tablet,  or 
a  warning  wrapper,  puts  us  on  guard.  But  nothing 
is  done  to  prevent  the  next  step,  the  actual  swal- 
lowing, which  can  take  place  in  the  dark,  away 
from  all  roughened  bottles,  and  after  the  tablet  has 
been  unwrapped  by  another  person.  At  the  most 
important  point  in  the  whole  course  no  obstacle  is 
placed.  If  the  tablet  has  won  its  way  thus  far, 
it  has  an  excellent  chance  of  finishing  its  race. 

No  mechanical  means  can  prevent  the  raising  of 
the  hand  to  the  lips,  and  the  entrance  of  the  tablet 
into  the  stomach,  if  its  real  nature  is  not  suspected 
by  this  time.  The  preventive  must  be  a  psychologi- 
cal one.  This  means  that  there  must  be  implanted 
in  the  mind  of  each  individual  an  almost  instinctive 
hesitation  or  suspicion  before  using  tablets  of  any 
kind,  a  serious  questioning  as  to  whether  the  nature 
of  the  tablet  about  to  be  taken  is  known  with 
absolute  certainty.  We  do  not  think  that  enough 
importance  has  been  attached  to  this  phase  of  the 
matter.    If  an  agent  can  be  made  operative  at  the 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[March,  1914 


very  last  mouieut  before  the  tablet  is  swallowed, 
or  administered  by  another,  we  have  a  greater  safe- 
guard for  the  public  health  than  all  the  restrictions 
and  regulations  now  in  effect  or  proposed.  The 
subject  must  be  brought  vividly  home  to  all  who 
may  ever  come  in  contact  with  poisonous  tablets, 
iind  this  mejins  everybody. 

Fortimately.  tliere  need  be  no  difficulty  in  car- 
rying on  ixn  educational  campaign  to  warn  against 
the  dangers  of  poisons  in  the  home.  Thi-ough  our 
public  schools  nearly  everj-  home  and  individual 
in  the  land  may  be  reached.  Certainly  the  school 
authorities  will  be  only  too  glad  to  co-operate  in 
spreading  tliis  importtmt  knowledge  before  the 
younger  members  of  every  community,  and  through 
them  the  older  persons  can  also  be  warned.  In 
earrj-ing  on  such  a  campaign,  the  druggist  is  the 
logical  leader.  He  enjoys  a  certain  pi-estige  in  his 
locality  in  regard  to  questions  of  public  health,  and 
can  turn  this  standing  to  most  excellent  accotmt 
by  bringing  before  the  minds  of  school  children 
the  ever-present  necessity  for  care  in  handling  all 
sorts  of  medicines.  Such  instruction,  so  far  as  we 
know,  is  given  in  all  too  few  schools  at  present. 
Yet  it  is  at  least  as  important  as  the  study  of  ele- 
mentarv'  physiology',  the  effects  of  alcohol  on  the 
system,  and  other  bits  of  tabloid  science.  Every 
druggist  should  take  an  hour  or  so  each  week  to 
give  a  talk  before  the  school  children  of  his  neigh- 
borhood. No  one  is  more  competent  to  speak  on  the 
subject.  The  teachers  can  later  dnun  the  matter 
into  the  heads  of  their  pupils,  and  the  cautions  can 
be  passed  on  to  the  older  members  of  every  family. 
It  is  interesting  to  note  that  an  identical  view  of 
the  subject  is  taken  by  the  National  Association  of 
Manufacturers  of  Medicinal  Products,  who,  at  their 
recent  meeting,  endorsed  "a  campaign  of  'safety- 
first'  education,  for  the  purpose  of  eliminating  the 
element  of  human  carelessness  on  the  part  of  the 
public,  which  carelessness  no  law  or  regulation  can 
of  itself  correct."  When  the  suspicion  and  fear  of 
medicine  has  been  made  instinctive,  a  long  step  will 
have  been  taken  toward  warding  off  the  dangers  of 
poisons  in  the  home,  no  matter  whether  these  sub- 
stances are  ea.sj-  or  difScult  to  procure. 


THE    NEW    ERA    FORMULARY. 


A  GOOD  formula  is  an  asset  of  intrinsic  value  to 
the  druggist  or  manufacturer  who  can  or  wiU  use 
it  to  extend  his  business  along  lines  he  can  suc- 
cessfully control.  When  the  niunber  of  formulas, 
aU  of  them  trustworthy,  reaches  the  hundreds  or 
thousands,  as  the  case  may  be,  the  chances  for 
success  are  correspondingly  increased.  Just  such 
an  opportunity  for  expansion  is  offered  to  the  pur- 
chaser of  a  copy  of  the  new  edition  of  the  Era 
Formulary,  now  in  press  and  soon  ready  for  dis- 
tribution. 

This  new  book  constitutes  within  itself  a  weU- 
stored  library  of  general  information  pertaining  to 
processes  and  formulas  for  nearly  8000  prepara- 
tions, specialties,  toilet  articles,  veterinary  reme- 
dies, family  medicines,  and  technical  materials 
which  find  a  place  or  are  used  in  the  various  de- 


partments of  humixn  activity  as  exemplified  in 
professional  life,  the  arts,  handicrafts  or  business 
pursuits  of  the  present  day.  Each  formula  and 
process  is  supplemented  by  instructions  for  its 
manipulation,  thereby  eliminating  guesswork  on  the 
part  of  the  inexperienced  operator,  while  everj' 
care  h;is  been  taken  to  make  the  nomenclature 
uniform,  to  check  the  quantities  given  in  each 
formula,  and  to  make  the  index  a  readj^  guide  to 
the  contents  of  the  book.  As  an  adjunct  to  the 
laboratory  of  the  pharmacist  or  manufacturer  we 
can  commend  this  volume,  the  full  scope  of  which 
is  outlined  in  the  advertising  pages  of  this  journal. 


Books  Reviewed 


FOREIGN     PUBLICATIONS,    for    Advertising    American    Goods. 
Washington.      Government    Printing   Office. 

This  bulletin  of  236  pages,  issued  by  the  Bureau  of  Foreign 
and  Domestic  Commerce,  of  the  Department  of  Commerce, 
contains  a  compilation  of  reports  transmitted  by  consular 
officers  throughout  the  world,  giving  a  list  of  foreign  news 
and  trade  papers  that  may  be  advantageously  used  for  adver- 
tising American  goods.  These  publications  represent  the  prin- 
cipal cities  and  towns  in  foreign  countries,  and  beside  informa- 
tion as  to  advertising  rates,  subscription  price,  circulation,  etc., 
brief  statements  are  given  of  the  population,  trade  and  indus- 
tries of  the  various  districts  covered  by  the  reports.  Copies 
of  this  bulletin,  which  should  interest  every  American  manu- 
facturer desiring  to  advertise  his  goods  abroad,  may  be  ob- 
tained of  the  Superintendent  of  Documents,  Government 
Printing  Office,  Washington,  D.  C,   for  25  cents  each. 


STATE  "PURE  DRUG"  LAWS  enacted  since  the  passage  of  the 
National  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  June  30th,  1905,  Printed  in 
December,   1913,   by   Bond   Bros.   &  Co.,   Chicago. 

This  book  of  337  pages  is  recommended  to  any  manufacturer 
or  dealer  who  wishes  to  have  at  hand  the  information  covered 
by  the  above  title  and  which  is  well  brought  down  to  date. 
Besides  the  various  State  "Pure  Drug"  laws,  there  is  a  re- 
print of  the  Federal  Act  as  amended;  the  narcotic  laws  of  the 
several  States;  the  Canadian  Proprietary  Medicine  law;  the 
National  and  State  insecticide  laws,  extracts  from  the  phar- 
macy laws  of  the  several  States,  net  weight  laws,  advertising 
laws,  sample  distribution  Lws,  stock  medicine  laws,  and  other 
laws  relating  to  the  drug  trade.  The  book  supersedes  the 
previous  issues  compiled  by  the  National  Wholesale  Druggists' 
Association  and  the  Proprietary  Association  of  America  and 
for  whose  membership  it  has  been  primarily  prepared.  Drug- 
gists who  do  an  interstate  business  will  find  in  it  the  answers 
to  many  queries  which  concern  them  as  manufacturers  and 
shippers. 


Vierzig  Jahre  Oesterreichische  Pharmazeutische  Gesellschaft, 
1873-1913.  (Forty  Years  of  the  Austrian  Pharmaceutical 
Society.)  This  is  the  title  of  an  attractive  booklet  of  62  pages, 
recently  received  from  the  Austrian  organization,  summarizing 
the  activities  of  that  body  during  the  40  years  of  its  existence. 
The  society  was  originated  to  supplement  the  efforts  of  the 
General  Austrian  Apothecaries'  Society  in  conserving  and 
forwarding  the  interests  of  the  pharmaceutical  profession.  It 
has  been  very  prominent  in  initiating  legislation  along  these 
lines,  and  the  present  report  seems  to  show  that  the  society 
propaganda  work  has  met  with  more  than  ordinary  success. 


E.  Merck's  Annual  Report,  1913.  The  appearance  of  this 
volume  is  always  an  important  event  in  pharmaceutical  litera- 
ture each  year,  and  the  present  issue  is  even  larger  than  any 
of  its  predecessors,  comprising  524  pages.  The  leading  article, 
on  "Lecithin,"  brings  out  many  uses  for  this  substance  which 
are  not  generally  known,  and  contains  a  very  complete  bibliog- 
raphy. Another  feature  is  a  supplement  of  19  pages,  on  the 
"Standardization  of  Digitalis  Preparations,"  by  Dr.  R.  Heinz, 


ilAKCH,    1914] 


THE    PHAKJklACEUTICAL    ERA 


99 


of  the  University  of  Erlangen.  The  method  adopted  is  a 
comparative  one,  based  on  the  minimum  lethal  dose  of  stro- 
phanthin  (ouabain)  required  to  produce  stoppage  of  a  frog's 
heart  in  12  hours,  compared  to  the  amount  of  digitalis,  etc., 
needed  to  effect  the  same  result  in  a  closely  similar  frog. 
Further  tests  are  made  on  mice,  to  determine  the  amount  of 
active  material  which  is  likely  to  be  destroyed  in  the  gastric 
tract  of  patients,  before  the  tonic  effect  is  manifested.  Blood 
pressure  e.xperiments  on  rabbits  and  cats,  and  a  final  test  on 
cats,  for  tolerance,  complete  the  series.  .A.  confusing  typo- 
graphical error  has  crept  into  the  table  on  page  Vll.  The 
words  "in  10  minutes"  and  "in  1  hour"  should  be  interchanged. 
Also  "in  2  hours"  should  apparently  read  "in  12  hours." 
Other  noteworthy  articles  are  those  on  the  newer  digitalis 
preparations,  radio-active  compounds,  and  organotherapeutic 
preparations,  the  latter  amoimting  to  26  pages.  The  edition  of 
Merck's  Report  is  limited,  but  usually  a  few  copies  are  avail- 
able for  distribution  among  physicians  and  pharmacists  who 
make  application,  enclosing  15  cents  for  postage. 


r 


Correspondence 


To  Help  the  Hospital  Corps. 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Er-\: 

I  send  you  below  an  appeal  to  the  pharmacists  of  the  United 
States  which  will  e-xplain  itself.  I  would  appreciate  it  very 
much  if  you  would  publish  it  in  your  next  issue. 

Yours  sincerely, 

George  F.  Payne. 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  Feb.  10,  1914, 


The  Hospital  Corps  of  the  TJnited  States  Army. 
An  Urgent  Appeal  to  Every  Pharmacist  in  the  United  States. 
The  American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  backed  by  the 
pharmacists  of  the  whole  United  States,  have  a  bill  now  before 
the  House,  introduced  by  Representative  Hughes,  of  Georgia,  as 
Bill  H.R.  No.  1,  and  now  before  the  Senate,  introduced  by 
Senator  Bacon,  of  Georgia,  as  Senate  Bill  S.  929.  These  bills 
are  identical  and  their  te.xt  is  as  follows: 

A  BILL 
To  promote  the  efficiency  of  the  Hospital  Corps  of  the 
United  States  Army. 
Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives of  the  United  States  of  America  in  Con- 
gress assembled,  that  the  Hospital  Corps  of  the  United 
States  Army  shall  constitute  the  enlisted  personnel 
of  the  Hospital  Corps  now  authorized  by  law,  and 
shall  consist  of  30  sergeants-major  at  $75  per  month; 
three  hundred  sergeants,  first  class,  at  $65  per  month ; 
sergeants  at  $36  per  month ;  corporals  at  $24  per 
month;  cooks  at  $30  per  month;  privates,  first  class, 
at  $21  per  month;  and  privates  at  $16  per  month,  with 
such  increase  for  length  of  service  and  other  allowances 
as  are  or  may  hereafter  be  established  by  law. 

As  chairman  of  the  committee  on  the  Status  of  Pharmacists 
in  the  United  States  Government  Service  of  the  National 
-Association  of  Drug  Clerks  and  also  as  a  member  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  -Association,  we  wish  to  urge  every 
pharmacist  who  reads  this  article  to  sit  down  immediately  and 
write  a  brief  letter  and  then  make  copies  of  it  and  send  a 
copy  to  each  of  the  members  of  the  committee  on  Military 
Affairs  of  the  House  and  Senate  and  urge  that  "You  will 
please  see  that  the  Bill  H.R.  No.  1  and  S.  929,  which  have 
been  fully  endorsed  by  the  Surgeon-General  of  the  U.S.  -Army 
(as  you  will  see  in  his  last  report)  is  offered  as  an  amendment 
and  placed  as  a  'rider'  on  the  army  appropriation  bill  now 
before  Congress." 

The  members  of  the  Hospital  Corps  of  the  U.S.  Army  are 
now  so  poorly  paid  that  many  are  leaving  the  service,  as  the 
positions  in  the  regular  army  service  pay  better  salaries:  even 
the  men  who  take  care  of  the  sick  mules  are  better  paid  than 
those  who  take  care  of  the  sick  soldiers.  -Anyone  who  is  in 
a  position  to  know  will  readily  assure  you  of  the  difficulty  of 
getting  men  in  the  Hospital  Corps,  and  after  getting  them  the 


difficulty  of   keeping  them   there   on  account  of   the  miserably 
poor  pay. 

Pharmacists  are  men  of  influence  in  every  section,  their 
stores  are  all  in  the  towns  and  cities  and  each  one  is  a  nucleus 
around  which  cluster  the  leading  sentiments  and  views  of  the 
community.  The  pharmacists  not  only  of  your  State  but  of 
the  whole  United  States  are  deeply  interested  in  the  matter. 
Everj-  State  government  requires  the  pharmacist  who  practices 
pharmacy  among  the  people  to  be  e-xamined  and  licensed  by  a 
State  Board  and  to  be  an  excellent  tj-pe  of  man.  With  the 
present  miserable  salaries  given  the  Army  Hospital  Corps,  as 
just  stated  above,  it  is  verj'  difficult  to  get  good  men  and  still 
more  difficult  to  keep  them  under  present  conditions.  The 
Hospital  Corps  of  your  State  troops  are,  of  course,  also  in  this 
same  bad  shape.  Your  help  in  this  matter  will  be  very  much 
appreciated  as  we  feel  that  present  conditions  are  unjust  to 
those  in  the  military  seirice,  to  the  public,  to  the  medical 
ofiicers  of  the  army  and  to  the  profession  of  pharmacy,  which 
all  true  pharmacists  wish  to  see  secure  the  recognition  which 
it  deserves.  Yours  fraternally, 

George  F.  Tayst. 
Member   of   the   American   Pharmaceutical   Association. 
Permanent  Chairman  of  the  Committee  of  the  National 
Association   of  Drug   Clerks   on   the   Status   of  Phar- 
macists  in   the   Public   Service    of   the    United   States 
Government. 


Urge  the  Passage  of    Hughes-BaconfBill. 

To  the  Editor  of  the  Er.\  : 

The  American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  with  the  assist- 
ance of  the  National  .Association  of  Retail  Druggists  and  the 
National  -Association  of  Drug  Clerks  is  urging  the  passage  of 
the  Hughes-Bacon  bill  (H.R.  1,  S.  929)  intended  to  promote 
the  efficiency  of  the  Hospital  Corps  of  the  United  States  army. 

The  purpose  of  this  bill  is  to  remedy  as  far  as  possible  the 
conditions  which  make  it  difficult,  if  not  impossible,  to  secure 
for  the  -Army  Hospital  Corps  the  class  of  men  necessarv-  for 
the  efficient  performance  of  duties  connected  with  the  care  of 
the  sick  and  with  sanitary  science  in  general.  The  bill  pro- 
vides increased  pay  and  establishes  a  higher  rank  of  non- 
conmiissioned  officers,  thereby  affording  opportunity  for  pro- 
motion such  as  compares  in  a  measure  with  the  other  staff 
corps  of  the  army. 

Pharmacists  throughout  the  country  are  urged  to  write  to 
their  Senators  and  Representatives  asking  them  to  support 
this  worthy  measure.  .Act  at  once  as  the  time  is  short.  Just 
a  few  lines  asking  your  Senators  and  the  Congressmen  from 
your  district  to  support  House  Bill  No.  1  or  Senate  Bill  No. 
929,  as  the  case  may  be,  will  be  sufficient — but  do  it  now. 
The  list  of  the  members  of  the  military  committee  who  now 
have  the  bill  at  their  disposal  is  as  follows : 

Military-  Committee  of  the  House — James  Hay,  "\'irginia ; 
S.  Hubert  Dent,  .Alabama;  William  J.  Fields,  Kentucky;  Ken- 
neth D.  McKellar,  Tennessee;  William  S.  Howard,  Georgia; 
Daniel  J.  Griffin,  New  York;  Robert  H.  Gittins,  New  York; 
Warren  Gard,  Ohio;  Frank  T.  O'Hair,  Indiana;  Frederick  S. 
Deitrick,  Massachusetts;  Percy  E.  Quin,  Mississippi;  Daniel 
E.  Garrett,  Texas;  Maurice  Conolly,  Iowa;  William 
Gordon,  Ohio;  Julius  Kahn,  California;  Daniel  R.  -Anthony, 
Kansas;  John  C.  JIcKenzie,  Illinois;  Frank  L.  Greene,  \ei- 
mont;  John  M.  Morin,  Pennsylvania;  Samuel  B.  -Avis,  W'est 
^'irginia;  Willis  J-  Hulings,  Peimsylvania ;  James  Wickersham, 
Alaska. 

Military  Committee  of  the  Senate — George  F.  Chamberlain, 
Oregon;  Gilbert  M.  Hitchcock,  Nebraska:  Luke  Lea,  Tennes- 
see; Duncan  U.  Fletcher,  Florida;  Henry  L.  Meyers,  Montana; 
Charles  S.  Thomas,  Colorado:  James  K.  Vardaman,  Missis- 
sippi; James  P.  Clarke,  -Arkansas;  Henry  A.  Dupont,  Dela- 
ware: Francis  E.  Warren,  Wyoming;  Joseph  L.  Bristow.  Kan- 
sas: Thomas  B.  Catron,  New  Mexico;  James  H.  Brady,  Idaho; 
\\'illiam   S.  Kenyon,  Iowa;   Nathan  Goff,   West  A'irginia. 

We  are  especially  an.xious  to  have  letters  from  their  con- 
stituents reach  these  committeemen. 

W.   B.   Dat,   Chairman, 
Committee  on  Pharmacists  in  the  Government  Service. 


The   New   Era    Formulary    ($5.00),   now   in    press,    contains 
nearly  8000  formulas. 


100  THE   PHAKMACEUTICAL   ERA  [Makch,  1914 

II.  Pharmacy  in  the  Past  Twenty- Five  Years,  by  L.  K.  Liggett 


IT  has  been  said  tV.at  though  they  protested  against  it,  the 
paient-medicine  manufaclurers  encouraged  cut  prices  to  in- 
crease the  sale  of  their  good^^.  Whatever  the  truth  may  be, 
it  is  certain  that  during  the  price-cutting  period  the  patent- 
medicine  manufacturers,  as  well  as  the  cutters,  were  very 
prosperous. 

Despite  occasional  lapses,  it  is  characteristic  of  the  average 
druggist  to  open  the  door  before  Opportunity  knocks.  To 
meet  the  loss  of  profit  on  individual  sales  due  to  cut  prices 
(the  druggists  of  those  days  did  not  realize  the  importance 
<3f  volume  in  a  retail  business),  the  druggist  endeavored  to 
replace  the  advertised  proprietaries  which  were  the  price- 
cutter's  chief  target,  by  manufacturing  his  own  preparations. 
This  gave  the  retail  drug  business  a  new  direction  and  a  new 
impetus.  For  several  years  pharmaceutical  associations 
throughout  the  countr)-  devoted  much  time  to  the  study  of 
making  and  marketing  store-made  preparations. 

Many  pharmaceutical  houses  also  began  to  manufacture 
non-secret  preparations  which  they  supplied  to  druggists  who 
did  not  put  up  their  own  goods.  These  remedies  were  in- 
tended to  compete  with  existing  advertised  proprietaries,  and 
though  their  formulas  were  printed  on  the  labels,  and  though 
the  druggist's  own  name  appeared  on  the  carton  as  the 
"manufacturer,"  he  knew  practically  nothing  about  them. 
Sometimes  the  druggist  tried  to  shift  the  responsibility  by 
printing  a  fanciful  name  on  the  package  or  by  printing  with 

his  own  name   the  statement   'Sole  agent   for  (giving 

t.  certain  territory)." 

This  business  thrived  for  10  or  15  years,  but  it  failed  of 
real  success  because  the  poor  preparations  sold  under  the 
druggist's  name  did  not  meet  the  changing  demand  of  a  wise 
public,  and,  also,  because  the  system  was  one  of  deception  and 
no  honest  druggist  could  sell  the  goods  with  any  enthusiasm. 

Besides  the  lessened  profits  due  to  price-cutting,  the  drug- 
gists were  driven  to  concerted  action  by  the  e.xtravagant  claims 
made  in  the  advertising  of  patent-medicine  manufacturers. 
These  wild  claims  reached  a  climax  about  five  years  ago,  when 
the  exposure  of  dishonest  advertisers  by  some  of  the  leading 
magazines  increased  public  suspicion  regarding  even  honest 
"patents." 

Spanish  "War  Tax. 

In  1S98  came  a  great  crisis  in  the  cut-price  war,  when  the 
American  proprietary  manufacturers  tried  to  force  the  retail 
druggist  to  pay  the  Spanish  War  revenue  tax  on  proprietary 
preparations,  a  tax  which  Congress  intended  should  be  paid 
by  the  manufacturer.  The  tax  was  bad  enough,  but  the 
manufacturers  made  an  extra  charge  to  the  retailer  to  cover 
the  cost  of  affixing  the  tax  stamps.  The  tax  amounted  to 
30  cents  a  dozen  on  $1.00  size  packages,  the  rate  for  small 
size  packages  being  less  in  proportion.  The  increased  price, 
ranging  from  30  cents  a  dozen,  the  actual  cost  of  the  stamps, 
to  $1.25  a  dozen,  was  prohibitive. 

The  druggist  could  not  pass  the  tax  on  to  the  public,  who 
were  tired  of  paying  war  bills,  and  the  druggist  was  compelled 
to  meet  the  loss.  To  remedy  this  injustice  a  National  con- 
vention of  protest  was  called,  in  October,  1898,  by  the  Chicago 
Retail  Druggists'  Association.  The  meeting  was  held  in  St. 
Louis  at  a  time  when  both  the  Proprietary  Association  of 
America  and  the  National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Association 
were  gathered  in  that  city. 

The   Tripartite    Plan. 

As  a  result  of  this  meeting  the  retailers,  wholesalers  and 
proprietary  manufacturers,  in  order  to  protect  themselves, 
adopted  the  so-called  Tripartite  plan.  By  this  plan  three- 
fourths  of  the  druggists  in  any  community  were  to  fix  the 
prices  charged  for  proprietaries.  Those  selling  below  the  fixed 
figure  were  to  be  blacklisted  as  "Aggressive  Cutters."  The 
jobbers  would  refuse  to  sell  to  boycotted  firms,  under 
penalty  of  having  their  own  supplies  cut  off  by  the  proprietary 
manufacturers.  The  question  of  what  should  constitute  price- 
cutting  in  a  given  instance  was  left  to  the  determmation  of  the 
druggists  who  did  not  cut. 

The  Tripartite  plan  led  to  a  reign  of  terror  that  lasted  for 
several  years.  The  "black  list"  of  price-cutters  not  sufficiently 
meeting  the  needs  of  the  association,  a  "white  list"  of  whole- 
sale druggists  who  refused  to  sell  any  goods  to  price-cutters 


was  established.  This  last  move  led  to  the  National  govern- 
ment's prosecution  of  the  so-called  "drug  trust."  After  much 
litigation  the  courts  ruled  that  the  Tripartite  plan  was  "a 
combination  in  restraint  of  trade."  The  officers  were  enjoined 
from  further  use  of  the  plan,  and  the  plan  itself  was  abandoned 
in  1906. 

During  this  whole  period  the  development  of  the  cut-rate 
stores  was  very  rapid.  In  1900  there  were  probably  between 
six  and  seven  thousand  cities  and  towns  in  the  United  States 
in  which  daily  or  weekly  papers  were  published;  less  than  500 
were  cities  of  over  20,000  population.  These,  of  course,  were 
the  cut-rate  cities,  not  necessarily  all,  but  many  of  them,  and 
they  exercised  a  tremendous  influence  over  the  many  towns 
and  cities  in  the  country.  At  a  rough  estimate,  I  should  say 
that  there  were  not  in  the  United  States  at  any  time  more  than 
150  cities  and  towns  in  which  there  existed  an  aggressive  cut- 
rate  drug  business.  By  cut-rate,  I  mean  the  cutting  of  prices 
to  the  point  at  which  there  was  practically  no  profit  in  the 
proprietary  article.  Such  retail  prices  ranged  from  59  cents  to 
69  cents  for  say,  Pinkham's  Compoimd,  Peruna,  and  other 
items. 

Selling   "Own   Goods." 

It  was  only  in  the  largest  cities  that  these  prices  obtained. 
Strange  to  say,  the  majority  of  the  large  cutters  were  not 
acquainted  with  one  another,  yet  they  were  all  pursuing  almost 
the  same  tactics;  that  is,  the  development  of  their  own  line 
of  goods  to  meet  the  cut-price  competition  which  they  them- 
selves were  developing.  Large  lines  of  proprietary  articles 
were  produced  by  all  the  leaders  mentioned  in  my  previous 
article — Jaynes,  Jacobs,  Dow,  Evans,  Marshall,  etc.,  and  their 
sole  idea  of  profit  was  to  hold  expenses  at  the  lowest  possible 
margin  and  then  sell  the  largest  possible  percentage  of  what 
they  call  their  "Own  Goods." 

Beginning  of  Co-operation. 

It  was  this  development  of  the  retail  business  that  brought 
about  the  co-operative  plans  that  have  enabled  the  retailers  to 
do  dieir  own  n;anufacturing,  and  that  have  in  recent  years 
forced  the  non-secret  houses  to  become  imitators.  In  order  to 
bring  about  these  co-operative  plans  it  was  necessary  for  the 
retailers  to  meet  and  know  one  another.  .■\nd  it  was  this 
meeting  and  knowing  one  another  that  brought  about  the  idea 
that  more  than  one  store  could  be  conducted  successfully. 
Ten  years  ago  you  could  count  on  the  fingers  of  your  two  hands 
the  firms  conducting  more  than  one  drug  store  in  the  United 
States.  Today,  there  are  any  number  of  firms  that  operate  more 
than  one  drug  store.  Many  of  them  operate  whole  chains;  in  fact, 
the  chain-sratem  store  may  be  said  to  have  developed  as  a 
business  within  the  past  five  years,  and  it  is  a  direct  result  of 
cut  prices,  followed,  as  I  have  stated,  by  the  inauguration  of 
co-operative  effort  among  the  leading  cutters. 

It  is  difficult  to  give  credit  to  the  actual  chain-store  pioneers 
because  every  druggist  who  operated  more  than  one  store  was 
to  that  extent  a  chain-store  druggist.  But  the  first  chain  stores 
of  any  magnitude  were  those  conducted  by  Charles  P.  Jaynes, 
of  Boston.  Mr.  Jaynes  sprang  into  prominence  in  1890,  and 
he  was  closely  followed  by  the  Hall  &  Lyon  Company,  of 
Providence.  The  stores  established  by  Mr.  JajTies  and  those 
of  the  latter  company  are  now  included  in  the  largest  and 
most  competitive  chains  in  --Vmerica. 

Effect    of    Chain   Stores. 

The  chain  store  has  been  the  subject  of  many  attacks,  but 
in  all  fairness  I  say  that  its  influence  on  the  retail  drug  busi- 
ness has  been  a  good  influence.  It  has  its  drawbacks,  but  as 
with  all  phases  of  evolution,  these  are  outweighed  by  its  ad- 
vantages. The  principal  drawback  of  the  chain  store  is  the 
loss  of  personality,  which  is  of  such  value  to  the  individual 
druggist  in  small  towns  who  comes  into  direct  contact  with  his 
customers.  To  meet  the  loss  of  individual  personality,  the 
management  of  chain  stores,  must,  if  they  are  to  succeed, 
substitute  a  corporate  personality.  This  personality  is  ex- 
pressed through  the  medium  of  better  service,  lower  prices  and 
a  consciousness  of  responsibility  as  public  servants.  The  large 
chain-store  organizations  have  each  a  distinctive  personality, 
which  through  uniformity  in  operating  systems  is  as  tinmis- 
takably  expressed  in  each  link  of  tlie  chain  as  though  that  link 
were  the  property  of  a  single  druggist. 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


101 


This  service-personality,  if  I  may  call  it  that,  of  the  chain 
stores  is  made  possible  by  their  enormous  buying  power  which 
enables  them  to  sell  to  the  public  at  lower  prices,  and  by  the 
wider  opportunities  which  they  offer  to  young  business  men 
who  can  "make  good,"  which  attract  to  their  employ  clerks 
who  are  willing  to  give  efficient  service.  In  addition  to  these 
other  advantages,  almost  all  chain  drug  stores  now  maintain 
educational  systems,  and  endeavor  to  teach  the  clerks  in  their 
stores  how  best  to  serve  the  public,  as  the  public  likes  to  be 
served.  The  clerks  are  also  being  educated  in  salesmanship; 
learning  how  to  raise  the  individual  sale  from  its  nominal 
figure  in  the  old  drug  store,  to  a  very  high  figtire  in  the  chain 
store. 

The    Effect   of   Chain   Stores. 

I  am  often  asked  what  is  the  effect  of  chain  stores  on  those 
druggists  who  do  not  share  directly  in  their  benefits.  The 
answer  to  that  question  is  the  human  equation.  For  the  drug- 
gist who  prefers  to  spend  his  time  railing  against  progress  and 
new  editions,  the  chain  store  offers  no  comfort.  But  the 
fault  is  in  the  man  himself,  who  would  have  been  discouraged 
and  disgruntled  by  any  new  idea  which  threatened  to  joggle 
him  out  of  the  rut  of  old  methods.  The  druggist,  on  the 
contrary,  who  has  in  him  the  stuff  of  which  merchandisers 
are  made,  has  learned  a  lesson  from  the  chain  stores.  He  has, 
so  far  as  possible,  adopted  their  methods  of  dealing  with  the 
public,  adapting  those  methods  to  his  local  conditions.  Real- 
izing the  handicap  represented  by  the  loss  of  individual  per- 
sonality, suffered  by  the  chain  stores,  to  which  I  have  aheady 
referred,  he  throws  the  whole  force  of  his  own  personality  into 
bis  business,  winning  trade  not  by  endless  jeremiads  against 
chain  competition,  but  interposing  between  his  townspeople  and 
the  big  city  store,  his  own  capacity  to  make  friends. 

This  man  is  the  hardest  competitor  the  chain  store  has  to 
meet.  I  have  always  maintained,  and  still  maintain,  that  the 
chain  stores  can  never  defeat  the  individual  druggist  who 
attends  to  his  own  business  and  is  perfectly  willing  to  meet 
their  competition,  so  long  as  they  do  not  compete  with  him 
with  the  sole  object  of  ruining  his  business  for  the  purpose 
of  gaining  their  own  ends.  So  far  the  chain  stores  have  never 
attempted  to  do  that,  and  I  am  frank  in  saying  that  I  do  not 
believe  they  will  ever  attempt  to  do  so,  for  the  laws  of  the 
land  will  not  permit  competition  of  that  character  in  this  age. 

Even  those  druggists  who  are  not  members  of  the  chain- 
store  systems  or  stockholders  in  co-operative  manufacturing 
enterprises  have  learned  the  lesson  of  co-operation  and  have 
formed  buying  clubs.  Many  of  these  clubs  are  purely  local, 
while  others  cover  a  wide  field.  In  all  of  them  the  members 
find  a  leverage  with  which  to  secure  price  concession  from 
jobbers  and  manufacturers,  and  in  addition  to  the  money 
saved,  the  druggists  are  brought  more  closely  together,  the 
friendships  thus  formed  frequently  serving  as  the  basis  for  a 
closer  co-operation  developing  in  other  directions.  One  of  the 
most  successful  of  these  buying  clubs  is  the  Drug  Merchants 
of  America,  with  offices  in  New  York  City. 
Store   Systems. 

The  magnitude  of  chain-store  business  has  necessitated  the 
utmost  economy  of  time  and  money  in  operation.  The  methods 
developed  by  the  big  stores  are  adopted  by  the  smaller  dealers, 
and  throughout  the  trade  there  is  a  reaction  against  the  rule  of 
thumb  and  a  demand  for  that  definite  knowledge  without 
which  real  prosperity  is  impossible.  The  old  way  of  con- 
ducting a  drug  store  as  a  unit,  bunching  the  profits  from  all 
classes  of  merchandise,  and  offsetting  the  total  against  the 
approximate  expense  of  doing  business  has  gone  forever.  The 
modern  drug  store  is  departmentized,  and  each  department  is 
required  to  pay  its  share  of  the  store's  running  expense  in 
addition  to  a  fair  profit  on  its  merchandise.  In  the  big  stores 
departmentizing  has  been  brought  to  such  a  point  that  prac- 
tically the  departments  are  independent  of  one  another,  the 
manager  of  each  having  to  make  his  own  good  showing 
irrespective  of  his  fellows,  just  as  though  he  were  an  inde- 
pendent dealer  in  confectionery,  cigars,  stationery,  rubber  goods, 
or  whatever  the  merchandise  may  be. 

Even  in  the  smaller  stores  departmentizing  is  the  rule,  where 
a  few  years  ago  it  was  the  exception.  At  least  four  depart- 
ments are  practically  universal — soda,  candy,  cigars  and  general 
merchandise.  This  segregation  facilitates  the  ordering  of 
goods,  simplifies  book-keeping,  facilitates  the  keeping  of  in- 
ventory, obviates  the  loss  formerly  occasioned  by  dead  stock, 
.and    enables   the    merchant   to   determine   what   goods   sell    the 


best  and  pay  the  best  profits.  This  definite  knowledge  is  of 
direct  benefit  to  the  public,  because  it  enables  the  druggist  to 
sell  on  a  close  margin  with  the  assurance  that  he  is  justified 
by  the  volume  of  sales. 

Another  effect  of  retail  departmentizing  has  been  to  improve 
store  service.  Placed  upon  his  own  responsibility,  the  de- 
partment manager  in  order  to  "make  good"  has  been  obliged 
to  keep  the  service  of  his  f^department  on  a  par  with  that  of 
the  store  as  a  whole.  This  service-ideal  he  has  communicated 
to  his  employees,  and  the  friendly  rivalry  between  the  several 
departments  keys  up  the  entire  sales  organization. 

Of  course,  the  location  of  a  store  and  the  character  of  the 
trade  largely  determine  the  amount  of  profit,  but  some  drug- 
gists pay  too  high  a  cost  of  doing  business.  This  is  due  to 
the  fact  that  many  retail  druggists  are  poor  business  men, 
although  one  hesitates  to  say  it.  Often  they  derive  their  first 
knowledge  of  the  condition  of  their  business  from  the  figures 
of  the  receiver  when  they  go  into  bankruptcy.  Some  druggists 
cling  to  antiquated  methods  of  book-keeping,  neglect  the  annual 
inventory,  and  never  know  their  actual  profits  because  they 
do  not  figure  costs  correctly.  This  tendency  is  being  rapidly 
corrected  now-a-days,  and  one  of  the  biggest  factors  in  chang- 
ing the  druggist  from  a  guesser  into  a  man  of  business,  has 
been  the  cash  register,  and  later  the  various  machines  for 
tabulating  figures  and  computing  costs.  The  demand  for  such 
machines  among  retail  druggists  and  the  increasing  use  of 
typewriters  in  writing  labels,  the  installation  of  cash-carrying 
systems,  etc.,  are  all  symptomatic  of  the  wonderful  change  in 
retail  drug  merchandising. 

What  Real  Profit  Is. 

From  observation,  it  would  appear  that  the  average  drug 
store  operates  on  a  gross  profit  of  from  35  to  38%  on  its  sales. 
It  has  been  my  experience  that  too  many  retail  druggists 
figure  their  profits  on  the  cost  rather  than  the  selling  price, 
and  so  when  I  say  38%,  I  mean  the  profit  on  merchandise 
that  costs  from  62  to  65  cents  for  each  dollar  of  the  selling 
price. 

Chain-store  profits  range  from  28%  to  29%  in  New  Eng- 
land, where  there  is  a  large  sale  of  cigars  at  a  very  low 
margin  of  profit,  but  may  be  as  high  as  38%  in  New  York 
City,  where  there  is  a  large  sale  of  sundries,  toilet  articles, 
etc.  Also,  the  profit  is  largely  affected  by  the  volume  of  soda- 
water  business  that  a  man  may  do.  .'\s  the  average  gross  profit 
made  in  the  soda  department  is  50%,  soda  has  a  marked 
influence  on  the  total  profit  of  the  store,  if  it  represents  a 
large  volume  of  the  total  sales. 

From  this  gross  profit  must  be  deducted  the  expenses.  It 
has  been  my  experience  that  the  expenses,  rent,  light,  heat 
and  power,  in  a  retail  store  should  average  6}4%.  A  new 
store  will  not  show  that  percentage.  Sometimes  it  is  almost 
twice  as  much,  but  if  it  is  an  established  business,  say  three 
years  old,  its  expense  should  range  in  the  vicinity  of  6J4% ; 
5%  for  rent  and  1J4%  for  light  and  heat.  This  is  the  only 
fixed  charge  in  a  store;  all  the  rest  of  the  expense  of  doing 
business  can  be  adjusted  to  the  volume  of  sales.  Formerly 
clerk  hire  cost  10%.  In  many  cases  it  now  runs  as  high  as 
13%.  This  is  occasioned  by  increases  in  wages,  shorter  work- 
ing hours  and  more  holidays.  After  adding  to  the  general 
expense  such  other  expenses  as  advertising,  soda-fountain  sup- 
plies, glassware,  paper,  twine,  and  the  numerous  incidentals, 
it  is  very  difficult  to  operate  a  store  at  much  less  than  25% 
expense;  in  fact,  only  the  ideal  store  can  operate  on  that  basis. 
When  depreciation  is  added,  28%  is  about  the  minimum  ex- 
pense, and  thus  the  profit  in  the  retail  business  can  be  esti- 
mated at  from  2%  to  10%  or  12%  on  gross  sales. 

Charles  R.  Sherman,  of  the  Sherman  &  McConnell  Drug 
Company,  Omaha,  Neb.,  early  discovered  that  where  it  might 
be  necessary  to  sell  a  certain  product  at  a  profit  of  only  20%, 
other  goods  could  be  made  to  yield  from  40%  to  60%,  so 
that  by  considering  the  profit  margin  of  each  item  separately, 
the  total  profit  of  the  business  oould  be  raised  to  the  desired 
level. 

Many  druggists  do  not  realize  that  the  25%  generally  recog- 
nized as  the  average  cost  of  conducting  a  retail  drug  business 
is  really  equivalent  to  33%%  on  cost.  An  article  which  the 
druggist  buys  for  $1.00  and  sells  for  $1.33%  pays  the  cost  of 
doing  business,  but  nothing  else;  and  if  the  majority  of  his 
items  are  sold  on  the  same  basis,  it  is  costing  him  money — for 
time  is  money — to  keep  his  name  over  his  door. 
{To  be  continued) 


102 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


l\  .  Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacv 


THE    DISCOVERY    OF    GLYCERIN. 


THERE  is  no  doubt  tliat  of  all  pharmacists  who  have 
made  contributions  to  modern  chemical  knowledge,  none 
has  presented  the  world  with  so  many  or  such  important 
discoveries  as  the  apothecar)-  of  Koping,  Carl  Wilhelm  Scheele. 
To  one  who  reads  his  note-books  and  chemical  essays,  there 
must  always  come  a  feeling  of  wonder  that  in  the  scant  1-40 
years  which  mark  the  growth  of  chemistry  as  we  are  accustomed 
to  think  of  it — chemistry  freed  from  the  superstitions  and 
ignes  fatui  of  alchemy — the  gigantic  science  of  today  has  had 
time  to  develop  from  the  elementary  stage  revealed  in  the 
writings  of  the  Swedish  pharmacist.  For  there  we  find  this 
yoimg  genius  isolating  for  the  first  time  a  host  of  substances 
which  are  as  familiar  to  the  worker  of  the  present  as  air  and 
water;  substances  which,  we  are  almost  impelled  to  believe, 
must  have  been  known  in  antiquity,  so  frequently  are  they 
met  with  in  the  daily  occupations  of  the  modem  chemist. 

Imagine  an  apothecary  shop  in  which  oxygen,  chlorine, 
manganese,  tartaric,  lactic,  citric  and  oxalic  acids  were  unknown 
terms.  Yet,  until  Scheele  brought  his  all-conquering  direct- 
ness of  experimentation  to  the  attack  on  the  natural  bodies 
containing  these  elements  and  compounds,  no  investigator,  so 
far  as^  we  know,  had  ever  laid  eyes  on  them.  (We  do  not 
make  an  exception  of  oxygen,  for  although  Priestley  published 
the  account  of  his  own  labors  two  years  before  Scheele's 
"Obser\-ations  on  Fire  and  Air"  appeared,  the  latter  is  in  all 
probability  the  original  discoverer  of  this  gas.) 

.\mong  the  more  important  substances  first  prepared  by 
Scheele  is  the  "peculiar  sweet  matter,"  known  to  us  as  glycerin. 
The  first  account  of  the  discovery  appeared  in  Crell's  Chem- 
ische  Journal  for  1779,  page  190.  In  a  subsequent  letter  to 
Dr.  Crell,  the  Swedish  chemist  gives  more  details  of  his 
experiments.  This  letter  was  published  in  the  Journal  in  1784, 
page  99,  and  an  excellent  translation,  here  presented,  is  to  be 
found  in  Thomas  Beddoes's  book  entitled  "The  Chemical 
Essays  of  Charles-William  Scheele"  (London  and  Edinburgh, 
1786). 

"Discovery  of  a  peculiar  sweet  and  volatile  matter,  which  is 
a  constituent  fart  of  expressed  Oils,  and  the  Fat  of  Anitnals." 

"Several  years  ago,  upon  dissolving  litharge  in  olive  oil,  I 
observed  a  peculiar  sweet  matter,  distinct  from  the  oil  floating 
on  the  surface,  which,  when  inspissated  and  treated  with 
nitrous  acid,  appeared  to  be  a  modification  of  the  acid  of 
sugar.  I  have  since  more  particularly  e.xamined  this  peculiar 
phenomenon,  and  have  discovered  the  sweet  matter,  as  well  in 
linseed  oil,  oil  of  almonds,  and  oil  of  rapeseed,  as  in  oil  of 
olives,  and  still  more  lately,  both  in  hog's  grease  and  butter. 
In  my  experiments  I  made  use  of  the  following  process:  One 
part  of  pulverized  litharge  was  dissolved  in  two  parts  of  some 
one  or  other  of  the  unctuous  substances  above  mentioned,  and 
some  water,  the  mixture  being  made  to  boil  all  the  time.  As 
soon  as  it  was  inspissated  to  the  thickness  of  salve,  the  whole 
was  left  to  cool,  and  then  the  water  was  poured  off.  The 
water  was  found  to  contain  the  sweet  matter  in  question ; 
and  it  is  to  be  evaporated  to  the  consistence  of  syrup.  If  the 
oil  or  fat  be  fresh,  there  does  not  appear  any  sign  of  dissolved 
calx  of  lead,  on  addition  of  the  vitriolic  acid;  but  should  either 
the  one  or  the  other  be  old  and  rancid,  some  calx  will  then  be 
dissolved,  and  should  be  precipitated  by  a  proper  quantity  of 
vitriolic  acid.  If  this  inspissated  matter  be  strongly  heated, 
the  vapors  that  arise  take  fire  on  the  application  of  a  candle. 
In  order  to  make  it  pass  over  from  the  retort  into  the  receiver, 
a  degree  of  heat  is  required  equal  to  that  which  must  be  em- 
ployed for  the  distillation  of  vitriolic  acid.  One-half  of  the 
sweet  matter  goes  over  unaltered,  in  the  form  of  a  thick  syrup, 
and  still  retains  its  sweet  taste;  what  rises  afterwards  has  an 
empyreuraatic  smell,  and  this  is  followed  by  an  oil  of  a  brown 
color.  There  remains  in  the  retort  a  light  spongy  coal,  which 
does  not  contain  the  smallest  particle  of  lead.  This  sweet 
matter  cannot  be  made  to  crystallize;  nor,  when  mixed  with 
water  and  set  in  a  warm  place,  does  it  run  into  fermentation ; 
for,  after  the  mixture  had  stood  for  four  months,  tincture  of 
tumsoi  did  not  undergo  the  least  change  when  mixed  with  it. 
It   will  mix   with  tinct>ire  of  caustic  vegetable   alkali,   though 


neither  simple  syrup  nor  honey  will  do  this;  but  they  attract 
the  alkaline  fat  from  the  spirit  of  wine,  and  then  fall  to  the 
bottom  in  the  form  of  .i  thick  mucilage.  If  nitrous  acid  be 
abstracted  from  off  this  unctuous  sweet  substance,  it  is  at 
last,  after  many  repetitions  of  the  operation,  converted  into 
acid  of  sugar,  and  the  nitrous  acid  is  very  much  phlogisticated. 
It  would  seem  to  follow,  from  these  experiments,  that  the 
sweet  matter  in  question  is  combined  with  more  of  the  prin- 
ciple  of  inflammability   than   sugar  and  honey. 

"I  have  also  boiled  litluirge  with  olive  oil,  separated  from 
soap  by  vitriolic  acid,  with  the  same  result ;  for  I  here  likewise 
obtained  the  sweet  matter.  I  likewise  separated  the  oil  from 
the  common  salve  {Empl.  Simp.) ;  which  must  be  done  in 
consequence  of  the  laws  of  double  attraction.  Let  the  salve  be 
sliced  and  rubbed  in  a  glass  mortar,  with  a  mixture  of  eight 
parts  of  strong  spirit  of  wine  and  one  part  of  oil  of  vitriol. 
This  white  mixture  is  to  be  poured  on  a  filter,  and  water  is 
to  be  added  to  the  liquor  that  runs  through,  upon  which  the 
oil  that  was  contained  in  the  salve  will  be  separated.  I  wished 
to  recompose  salve,  by  boiling  this  oil  again  with  litharge; 
but  it  grew  thick  before  it  could  be  made  to  boil.  From  the 
water,  which  I  took  care  to  decant,  I  obtained  some  of  the 
sweet  matter  so  often  mentioned,  though,  indeed,  but  in  very 
small  quantity." 


Present  Status  of  the  Pharmacopoeia. 


By  PROF.  JOSEPH  P.   REMINGTOIT. 

AT  the  recent  annual  meeting  of  the  National  Association 
of  Manufacturers  of  Medicinal  Products,  held  at  the 
Waldorf-Astoria  Hotel,  Feb.  10  and  11,  Prof.  Joseph  P. 
Remington,  chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Revision,  presented 
an  interesting  address  on  "The  Present  Status  of  the  Phar- 
macopoeia,"  which,   in  part,  was  as  follows; 

"I  have  generally  been  expected  on  occasions  like  this  to 
make  a  few  remarks  about  Pharmacopoeial  revision,  a  subject 
which  interests  you  materially.  The  work  is  going  on  rapidly 
now,  and  a  large  number  of  pages  of  the  work  are  ready  to 
go  to  press,  but  we  had  first  to  get  rid  of  the  easy  questions, 
but  when  there  are  several  thousand  questions  to  settle,  and 
you  leave  the  hardest  nuts  to  be  settled  at  the  end,  a  few  of 
the  hard  nuts  will  take  as  much  time  as  the  main  question." 

Prof.  Remington  pointed  out  that  among  the  subjects  yet 
remaining  to  be  decided  is  the  question  of  whiskey,  a  problem 
hinging  upon  the  manner  in  which  whiskey  is  made  official  in 
the  U.S. P.  Anent  pharmacopoeial  publicity,  he  said  that  this 
was  the  first  instance  ir.  the  world  where  the  leading  features 
and  tests  of  a  pharmacopoeia  would  be  published  in  the 
pharmaceutical  journals  practically  before  the  book  was  pub- 
lished. There  has  never  been  a  revision  in  the  U.S.  which 
has  been  so  thorough  and  so  open.  The  Food  and  Drugs  .\ct 
has  been  the  cause  of  renewed  interest,  and  when  one's  pocket- 
book  is  affected  the  talk  becomes  loud. 

The  speaker  brought  up  the  question  as  to  whether  a  manu- 
facturer would  be  willing  to  permit  his  preparation  to  be 
admitted  to  the  Pharmacopoeia,  with  tests  of  purity  and 
identity,  under  another  name?  The  Pharmacopoeia  would 
not  be  likely  to  introduce  a  copyrighted  name,  or  a  name 
which  is  the  exclusive  property  of  an  individual,  corporation 
or  firm.  It  would  have  to  be  introduced  under  a  scientific 
name,  for  instance,  take  the  illustration — aspirin — acetyl  sali- 
cylic acid.  That  would  make  the  name  of  that  preparation 
free.  But  it  would  probably  permit  some  other  manufacturer 
to  make  under  the  official  name  something  which  would  be 
sold  as  'just  as  good'  and  it  might  be  just  as  good.  If  the 
preparation  was  introduced  with  the  consent  of  the  manu- 
facturer, he  would  probably  be  expected  to  supply  tests.  For 
a  while,  at  least,  it  would  be  the  same  preparation,  but  has 
not  the  manufacturer  the  right,  if  he  owns  the  preparation, 
to  change  the  tests,  or  alter,  maybe  the  color,  or  the  strength, 
of  his  preparation,  and  that  has  been  the  main  objection  in 
previous  revisions  of  the  Pharmacopoeia  to  the  introduction 
of  patented  or  proprietary  articles. 

"The  proposition  to  introduce  widely-known  and  largely- 
used  medicines,  in  which  the  manufacturer  would  certainly 
give  up  some  of  his  rights  and  some  of  his  profits,  could  only 
be  introduced  properly,  I  suppose,  by  the  consent  of  the  manu- 
facturer; because  if  it  were  introduced  without  the  consent 
of  the  proprietor  under  another  name  he  would  feel  aggrieved. 


:\Iarch,  1914] 


THE    PHAR^iIACEUTICAL    ERA 


103 


and  he  would  certainly  look  to  the  protection  of  his  prepara- 
tion by  the  usual  procedure  at  law. 

"An  effort  was  made  to  get  such  consent — a  trial  was  made 
12  months  ago — in  order  to  see  if  a  manufacturer  would  be 
willing  to  allow  his  preparation  to  be  put  in  the  Pharmacopoeia 
in  any  shape,  and  the  result  of  the  attempt  was  not  encourag- 
ing.    The  manufactiu-er  declined. 

"Xow,  of  coiu-se,  the  settlement  of  this  question  lies  right  at 
the  foundation  of  the  work.  We  cannot  go  to  press  until  it  is 
settled.  For  instance,  if  an  article  happens  to  be  under  the 
letter  "A"  at  the  ver>'  begiiming  of  the  book  alphabetically  we 
caiuiot  make  up  any  page-proof." 

Speaking  of  other  vital  things  in  abeyance,  Professor  Reming- 
ton referred  to  the  question  of  volatile  oils.  "The  volatile  oils 
are  now  manufactured  products.  They  are  mostly  distillates 
from  odorous  plants  or  parts  of  plants,  and  there  is  no  question 
but  that  plants  at  different  seasons  of  the  year,  different  con- 
ditions of  the  weather  and  the  climate,  produce  products  which 
vary  greatly.  You  will  find  in  the  present  Pharmacopoeia, 
and  you  will  undoubtedly  find  in  the  next  Pharmacopoeia,  a 
wide  range  of  specific  gravity  in  the  volatile  oils.  Some  of 
.  them  vary  to  such  an  extent  that  the  specific  gravity  as  a  test 
is  practically  worthless;  after  you  have  settled  upon  even  a 
wide  range  of  specific  gravities,  the  same  kinds  of  oils,  which 
are  perfectly  genuine,  are  found  to  have  a  different  specific 
gravity;  they  are  lower  than  the  lowest  limit  or  higher  than 
the  highest  limit  of  those  which  are  known  to  be  genuine. 
Genuine  oils  have  been  found  which  are  sometimes  laevogyrate 
and  sometimes  dextrogyrate.  We  do  not  realize  and  we  do  not 
know  why  these  products  from  time  to  time  should  vary  to 
such  an  extent,  and,  of  course,  after  the  Pharmacopoeia  comes 
out  some  critic  will  say  that  there  is  an  error  in  the  specific 
gravity  when  it  is  put  at  0.S9.  They  will  say  that  they  have 
just  distilled  a  lot  of  these  oils  which  have  a  specific  gravity 
of  0.93.  They  will  say  the  'angle  of  rotation  is  not  so  and  so, 
but  so  and  so,'  and  they  will  take  an  exceptional  case,  probably, 
to  show  that  the  Pharmacopoeia  is  not  correct  with  regard  to 
this  particular  specimen.  This  is  a  question  which  not  only 
causes  trouble  in  reference  to  the  U.S.  Pharmacopoeia,  but 
every  other  pharmacopoeia  in  the  world.  We  had  the  same 
debate  at  the  Pharmacopoeial  Congress  at  The  Hague  about 
this  question  of  volatile  oils." 

Prof.  Remington  referred  to  the  conference  of  dealers  and 
distillers  and  rectifiers  of  volatile  oils  held  several  months  ago 
in  Philadelphia  to  discuss  the  subject  of  volatile  oils.  The 
\'olatile  Oil  Committee  is  now  considering  the  report  of  a 
committee  appointed  at  this  meeting.  The  speaker  also  pointed 
out  the  efforts  which  had  been  made  to  carry  out  the  Phar- 
macopoeial Convention's  resolution  of  publicity.  He  asserted 
that  now  is  the  time  to  send  in  criticisms.  "We  cannot 
be  expected  to  keep  the  book  open  forever,  and  after  a  certain 
date — the  date  will  be  published — we  cannot  be  expected,  hav- 
ing already  given  plenty  of  time  for  these  changes  to  be  con- 
sidered, to  be  held  responsible  for  considering  those  which 
come  in  when  it  is  too  late,      .      .      ." 

Prof.  Remington  visited  Dr.  Tirard,  editor  and  chairman  of 
the  Revision  Committee  of  the  British  Pharmacopoeia,  when 
in  London  last  Summer.  He  saw  the  British  Pharmacopoeia 
in  galley  proof.  "They  are  well  advanced  there,  but  the  Doctor 
told  me  they  are  held  up,  just  as  we  are,  becavise  of  some 
criticism  and  some  difficulties,  and  I  was  able  to  effect  har- 
monious relations  with  Dr.  Tirard  and  a  strong  desire  on  his 
part  for  co-operation,  so  that  when  the  two  Pharmacopoeias 
in  the  English  language  are  issued  they  will  be,  so  far  as 
possible,  in  accord." 

The  speaker  was  "very  much  shocked  and  disappointed"  to 
find  that  the  International  Congress  of  Applied  Chemistry-  had 
saddled  the  organization  of  the  work  on  him  to  secure  uni- 
formity all  over  the  world  in  all  of  the  pharmacopoeias  of 
the  standards  for  medicinal  chemistry.  "If  I  ever  get  through 
with  the  Pharmacopoeia  work  and  then  try  to  get  the  chemi- 
cals of  the  world  all  harnessed  together  and  all  of  uniform 
quality,  I  think  I  will  be  put  out  of  business  altogether."  In 
conclusion,  he  pointed  out  that  "never  in  the  history  of  the 
world  has  there  been  such  a  spirit  of  co-operation  among 
learned  societies,  scientific  bodies,  commercial  bodies  and  others, 
and  all  who  are  interested  in  the  making  of  standards  of 
medicine,  so  that  what  10  years  ago  would  have  been  thought 
impossible  is  likely  to  be  accomplished  some  day,  as  there  is 


every    indication    at    the    present    time    that    there   will    be    co- 
operative and  united  work  on  these  problems. " 


Peroxides  and  Perborates. 


TdE  seventh  special  lecture  of  the  1913-14  series  was  given 
at  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  on  February  9 
by  Dr.  Herbert  Philipp,  of  the  Roessler  &  Hasslacher 
Chemical  Company.  The  lecture  was  on  "The  Pharmaceutical 
and  Industrial  Uses  of  the  Earth  Alkali  and  Alkali  Peroxides 
and  Perborates." 

Dr.  Philipp  explained  the  theory  of  peroxides  and  perborates 
by  assuming  that  the  active  oxygen  atom  in  the  compounds 
is  a  tetravalent  element  instead  of  the  ordinary  bivalent  element 
Representing  "R"  as  a  bivalent  metallic  element,  the  structural 
formula  for  peroxides  would  be  R=0  =  0.  It  is  easily  seen 
that  in  this  formula  the  tetravalent  oxj'gen  can  step  out,  as 
it  were,  leaving  the  ordinary  compound  with  the  bivalent 
o.^gen  atom.  The  various  alkaline  or  alkaline  earth  bases  of 
these  compounds  do  not  possess  any  additional  virtue,  acting 
sunply  as  a  carrier  for  the  tetravalent  o.xygen. 

Sodium  perborate  is  the  most  widely  used.  When  brought 
in  contact  with  water  it  decomposes  according  to  the  following 
reactions : 

NaBO, + H.O  =  NaBO:  -!-  H,Os 
then  4NaB0, + H,0  =  NajB^O, + 2NaOH. 

From  the  reaction  it  is  seen  that  sodium  perborate  has  an 
alkaline  reaction  and  in  this  way  overcomes  the  irritating 
effect  of  hydrogen  peroxide  solutions,  which  are  generally  acid 
in  reaction.  Solutions  of  sodium  perborate  are  unstable,  losing 
the  available  oxygen,  unless  neutralized  and  preserved  by 
acetanilide,  salicylic  acid,  sulphanilic  acid  or  benzoic  acid. 
The  powder  is  stable  under  ordinary  conditions,  keeping  bet- 
ter in  pasteboard  cartons  than  in  sealed  containers.  So  long 
as  water  is  absent  it  remains  stable  when  mixed  with  mineral 
fats  and  neutral  inorganic  salts,  but  rapidly  decomposes  when 
mixed  with  animal  or  vegetable  fats  and  the  terpenes. 

This  compound  is  the  only  one  of  its  class  that  has  been 
e.xtensively  used  industrially,  probably  because  of  its  relative 
cheapness.  In  bleaching  it  has  several  distinct  advantages 
over  solutions  of  hydrogen  peroxide.  It  is  more  stable,  and 
weight  for  weight  it  has  seven  or  eight  times  the  strength  of 
the  10-volume  solutions  of  H,0:.  It  can  be  used  in  bleaching 
the  finest  fabrics  because  of  its  mild  alkalinit)',  which  does  not  in- 
jure the  fibre.  It  has  been  successfully  used  in  laundry  pow- 
ders, as  an  oxidizer  for  organic  dyes  in  dye  works  and  also  in 
analytical  work. 

Medicinally,  it  can  be  used  wherever  hydrogen  peroxide  is 
indicated.  It  is  a  valuable  addition  to  dusting  powders  and 
is  an  efficient  styptic.  It  has  been  suggested  that  tablets  be 
made  containing  such  a  quantity  of  sodium  perborate  that 
when  dissolved  in  a  definite  quantity  of  water  a  solution  of 
H,0;  of  definite  strength  will  result.  To  date  no  success  has 
come  from  this  suggestion  because  of  the  difficulty  in  making 
a  stable  tablet  which  will  be  quickly  soluble  in  water.  Sodium 
perborate  is  being  used  in  the  now  fashionable  oxjgen  baths. 

The  peroxides  have  been  successfully  used  for  the  steriliza- 
tion and  presentation  of  foods,  rectification  and  ageing  of 
alcoholic  beverages  and  for  bleaching  edible  oils.  They  are 
too  expensive,  however,  to  take  the  place  of  the  older  and 
more  economical  processes.  The  peroxides  have  been  exploited 
largely  as  cure  for  a  host  of  diseases,  but  Dr.  Philipp  assured 
his  audience  that  peroxides  do  not  belong  to  curative  medicine, 
but  occupy  a  prominent  position  in  preventive  medicine.  The 
peroxides  of  sodium,  calcium,  strontium,  magnesium  and  zinc 
are  the  ones  mostly  used,  magnesium  peroxide  being  the  only 
one  that  has  been  used  to  any  extent   as  an  internal  remedy. 

Sodium  peroxide  has  been  put  up  in  fused  blocks  under  the 
name  of  oxone.  These  blocks  when  immersed  in  water  liber- 
ate pure  ox>-gen  and  are  used  in  an  apparatus  called  an 
autogenor.  Dr.  Philipp  demonstrated  the  use  of  this  apparatus 
for  administering  anesthetics  in  such  a  way  that  a  patient 
would  always  receive  a  mixture  of  the  anesthetic  and  pure 
oxygen  in  definite  proportions  and  also  as  an  emergency  outfit 
for  supplying  oxygen  in  cases  of  asphyxiation. 


The  New  Era  Formulary    ($5.00),   now   in  press,   contains 
nearlv  8000  formulas. 


104 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[JIabch,  1914 


Laxative    Cold    Tablets. 

Acetanilide   60  grains 

Camphor    15  grains 

Powdered  capsicum   30  grains 

Powdered   ipecac    IS  grains 

Quinine  hydrobromide    120  grains 

Extract  of  cascara  sagrada 30  grains 

Mux  and  divide  into  120  tablets. 

Liniment  for  Chilblains. 

Camphor    240  grains 

Soap  liniment   4  fl.  ounces 

Oil   of  cajuput 1  fi.  ounce 

.\mmonia   water    4  fl.  drams 

Tincture   of   arnica 1  fl.  ounce 

Tincture  of  cantharides 1  fl.  ounce 

.Alcohol,    enough   to   make 12  fl.  ounces 

^li.x  and  apply. 

Earache  Drops. 

Ahnond   oil    1  fl.  ounce 

Chloral   camphor    1  fl.  ounce 

Glycerin    1  fl.  ounce 

Mix. 

Red  Cross  Embrocation. 

Liniment    of   ammonia 1  fl.  ounce 

Liniment    of   turpentine 4  fl.  ounces 

Oil   of   amber J/2  fl.  ounce 

Oil  of  turpentine,  enough  to  make 6  fl.  ounces 

ilix. 

Toothache    Wool. 

White    wa.x    .- 2  ounces 

Carbolic  acid,  crjst 1  ounce 

Chloral   hydrate    2  ounces 

Jlelt   the   wa.x    by   heat,   add   the   other   ingredients,   stir   till 
dissolved,   then  immerse  cotton-wool   in   the  liquid. 
Rose  Wash   (Rose  Injection). 

Zinc    sulphate I   dram 

Tincture   of   catechu 4  fl.  drams 

Tincture    of   opium 4  fl.  drams 

Glycerin    1   fl.  ounce 

Rose  water,  enough  to  make 16  fl.  ounces 

Mix  and  dissolve. 

Cowslip   Perfume. 

Oil  of  bef gamot 160  minims 

Oil   of  caraway 40  minims 

Oil    of    lavender 20  minims 

Oil    of    lemon 80  minims 

.\lcohol   (90  per  cent.),  enough  to  make  10  fl.  ounces 
Smokers'   Tooth   Powder. 

Salicylic   acid    30  grains 

Camphor     10  grains 

Cuttlefish   bone,   in   powder 120  grains 

Hard  soap,   in   powder 120  grains 

Menthol    3  grains 

Precipitated   calcium    carbonate 2  ounces 

Thymol     10  grains 

Oil  of  rose 4  minims 

Mix  according  to  art. 

Antiseptic  Foot  Powder. 

Oil   of   eucalyptus 2  drams 

Salicylic   acid    1  ounce 

Powdered   zinc  oleate 1  ounce 

Powdered  boric  acid 10  ounces 

Powdered  French  chalk 12  ounces 

Mix  according  to  art. 

Chilblain  Soap. 

Euresol   3  drams 

Eucalyptol    3  drams 

Oil  of  turpentine 3  drams 

Soft  soap   18  ounces 

Directions  for  use:  Rub  the  chilblains  several  times  a  day 
■with  the  chilblain  soap,  but  do  not  apply  the  soap  to  broken 
■chilblains.  . 


Polishing    Soap    for    Furniture. 

Soft   waler    3  quarts 

Turpentine     2  quarts 

Beeswax    3  pounds 

Common   soap    1%  pounds 

Litharge    H  pound 

Slice  the  soap  and  dissolve  in  the  water  over  a  slow  fire; 
melt  the  wax;  stir  the  litharge  well  in  the  turpentine,  and  add 
to  the  melted  wax.  Continue  the  stirring  for  a  few  minutes, 
then  pour  into  the  soap  solution  and  stir  until  incorporation 
is  complete.  Apply  to  the  furniture  with  a  piece  of  flannel 
and  polish  with  a  dry  duster. 

Cleaning   Powder   for    Glass. 

Prepared  chalk   6  pounds 

Powdered   French  chalk 1  ^  pounds 

Calcium   phosphate    2;4  pounds 

Quillaja   bark,   powdered 2%  pounds 

Ammonium  carbonate   18  ounces 

Rose  pink    6  ounces 

Mix  thoroughly  after  reducing  each  substance  to  a  fine  pow- 
der, then  pass  the  mixture  through  a  muslin  sieve.  To  use 
reduce  the  powder  to  the  consistence  of  cream  with  soft  water, 
then  apply  to  the  glass  by  means  of  a  soft  rag  or  sponge; 
allow  the  paste  to  dry  on,  then  wipe  off  with  a  cloth  and 
polish  with  chamois  leather. 

Soap   Bubble   Liquid    (Bubbleine). 

Powdered  castile  soap 1  ounce 

Glycerin    2  ounces 

Mucilage   of  acacia 1  ounce 

Water,   enough  to  make 8  ounces 

Mi.x,    make   a   solution    and   strain.      It    is   claimed    that   one 
ounce  or  so  less  of  this  solution  added  to  a  pint  of  lukewarm 
water  makes  a  superior  bubble  blowing  compound,  the  bubbles 
made  therewith  being  particularly  "tenacious." 
Petroleum  Brsiss  Polish. 

Tripoli    16  ounces 

Spanish    whiting    16  ounces 

Powdered   pumice    8  ounces 

Petroleum     2  ounces 

Petrolatum,  enough  to  make  a  soft  paste. 
Mix   into  a  paste,   incorporating  sufficient   oil  of  mirbane  to 
produce  the  desired  odor. 

Zinc  Phosphate  Cement   (for  Dentists). 

Zinc  oxide   120  grains 

Nitric  acid,   a  sufficient  quantity. 
Moisten   the  zinc  oxide   with  nitric  acid ;    evaporate  to  dry- 
ness ;  calcine ;  cool  and  powder.    When  required  for  use,  make 
into  a  stiff  paste  with  phosphoric  acid. 
Polish  for  Steel. 

Arsenous  acid    IJ^  drams 

Elutriated   bloodstone    lyi  drams 

Antimony    trichloride    6  fl.  drams 

Alcohol,  90  per  cent 1  pint 

Digest  at  gentle  heat,   shaking  frequently. 

Roup  Powder  for  Poultry. 

-Asafetida    4  drams 

Black    pepper    1  dram 

Grains   of   paradise 1  ciram 

Dried  ferrous  sulphate 2  drams 

Dried   sodium   sulphate 2  drams 

Powder  each  separately  and  well  mix.     Incorporate  a  heaped 
tablespoonful    w'th    the    morning    feed    of   hot    "middlings"    or 
mash.     The  above  powder   is  sufficient  for   12   chickens. 
Remedy  for  Chicken  Cholera. 

Iron  sulphate    1  ounce 

Capsicum    1   ounce 

Black   pepper    2  ounces 

Calcium   phosphate    8  ounces 

Fenugreek     4  ounces 

Sand    4  ounces 

Reduce  all  to  powder  and  mix  well.  An  even  teaspoonful  is 
to  be  given  with  the  feed  for  a  dozen  fowls. 


Mabch,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


105. 


FOEEIGM  ABSTRACTS 


FROM  EUROPEAN"  LABORATORIES. 


Device  to  Prevent  Poisoning  by  Hypnotics — Synthetic 

Rose   Oil  from   Citronella — Hopf  and  Hopeine — 

Pyridine  in  Coffee. 

CIMB.\L  reports  an  ingenious  method  of  preventing  poison- 
ing by  overdose  of  veronal,  etc.  He  combines  a  certain 
amount  of  ipecac  with  the  hypnotic,  sufficient  to  produce 
violent  vomiting  if  a  fatal  dose  of  the  hypnotic  is  taken. 
Rhodinol  is  now  being  prepared  from  citronellol,  and  possesses 
all  the  properties  of  the  natural  product.  This  cheap  source 
for  rose  oil  may  lead  to  important  developments.  A  recent  sen- 
sational murder  case  in  Germany  reveals  the  principal  as  one 
Hopf,  who  perpetrated  a  bare-faced  fraud  about  30  years  ago, 
in  connection  with  an  alleged  active  alkaloid  from  hops. 
Guyer  has  found  that  tinctures  of  digitalis  prepared  from  the 
laminae  only  are  not  of  greater  strength  than  those  made  from 
midribs,  veins,  etc.,  and  that  statements  to  the  contrary  in 
text-books  are  too  dogmatic.  Steinhorst,  after  e-tamining  a 
number  of  vegetable  drug  extracts,  concludes  that  unless 
extraordinary  precautions  are  taken,  copper  and  tin  are  almost 
certain  to  be  present  in  amoimts  which  would  not  pass  the 
official  tests. 
Pyridine  in  Coffee  Infusions — 

By  distilling  the  infusion  of  roasted  Mocha  coffee,  Payen 
obtained  a  liquid  from  which  ether  extracted  an  aromatic 
essence,  which  possessed  the  odor  of  coffee.  This  oil,  called 
cafeore  by  Pelouze,  was  later  investigated  by  Erdmann,  who 
found  in  it  traces  of  acetic  acid  and  furfurol,  and  an  un- 
stable nitrogen  compoimd,  together  with  certain  substances 
resembling  creosote.  Bertrand  and  Weisweiller  have  again 
attacked  the  problem,  working  on  5  kg.  of  roasted  coffee,  and 
distilling  it  with  steam.  On  concentrating  the  distillate,  1  or 
2  cc.  of  a  dense  oil  were  obtained,  and  an  aqueous  solution. 
These  two  liquids  had  not  only  the  characteristic  coffee  odor, 
but  also  an  odor  of  amyl  alcohol,  furfurol,  and  pyridine.  The 
latter  compound  was  isolated  as  the  double  platinum  chloride 
and  silicotungstate.  Pyridine  is  present  in  greater  proportion 
than  any  other  of  the  constituents  of  coffee  oil  thus  far 
isolated.  From  200  to  400  mg.  have  been  found  per  kg.  of 
coffee.  It  is  now  to  be  determined  whether  pyridine  plays  an 
important  part  in  the  physiological  action  of  coffee.  (Bertrand 
and  Weisweiller,  Bull.  Sci.  Pharmacolog.,  1913,  p.  705.) 
Stain  for  Tubercle  Bacillus — 

Under  certain  conditions,  preparations  of  the  tubercle  bacil- 
lus do  not  give  conclusive  results  with  Ziehl's  fuchsine  reagent. 
In  such  cases  Meillere  recommends  the  following  staining 
solution :  Griibler's  crystal  violet,  2  g. ;  recently  distilled 
aniline,  3  g. ;  95  per  cent,  alcohol,  10  g. ;  glycerol,  5  g. ;  water, 
90  g.,  to  be  prepared  as  needed.  The  material  under  e.xamina- 
tion  is  spread  uniformly  on  glass  plates,  dried  slowly  at  about 
37°,  and  fixed  by  heating  on  a  metallic  plate  held  above  a 
water  bath.  One  or  two  cc.  of  the  staining  mixture  are  poured 
on  and  allowed  to  dry.  After  15  minutes  of  heating,  during 
which  all  possibility  of  superheating  must  be  avoided,  the 
preparation  is  decolorized  by  immersing  in  10  per  cent,  nitric 
acid  (by  volume).  It  is  not  necessarv'  to  decolorize  every 
particle  of  material.  Ne.xt,  the  acid  is  removed  by  washing 
in  water,  then  with  dilute  ammonia,  and  the  process  is  com- 
pleted by  dehydrating  with  alcohol-acetone.  The  examination 
is  made  with  oil  immersion,  w'ithout  using  a  coverglass.  If  a 
coloration  of  the  background  is  desired,  dilute  solutions  of 
eosin,  Bismarck  brov^Ti,  or  aniline  green  are  recommended.  In 
short,  whenever  the  Ziehl  stain  gives  a  negative  or  uncertain 
indication,  staining  with  crystal  violet  should  be  resorted  to. 
If  the  Ziehl  stain  were  rigorously  specific  for  tubercle  bacilli, 
it  could  be  used  alone,  but  its  specificitv  is  still  in  question. 
(Meillere,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  p.  23.) 
Tincture  of  Digitalis — 

Having  occasion  to  prepare  a  tincture  of  digitalis  from  the 
laminae  of  the  leaf  alone,  entirely  freed  from  petioles,  mid- 
ribs, and  veins,  Guyer  was  led  to  examine  the  strength  of  such 
tinctures,  to  ascertain  whether  they  were  markedly  more  active 


than  tinctures  from  the  rejected  portions.  The  total  solid 
content  of  two  tinctures  of  official  strength,  one  made  from 
laminae  only,  and  the  other  from  petioles,  midribs,  and  veins, 
was  5.87  g.  and  5.29  g.  respectively.  Physiological  tests  showed 
a  relative  strength  of  18  to  15,  the  tinctiu-e  from  midribs  being, 
slightly  weaker.  Apparently  there  is  no  potential  difference 
between  the  two  kinds  of  tinctures.  The  only  difference  ob- 
ser\'able  is  a  greenish-brown  color  in  the  tincture  made  from 
laminae,  while  the  other  is  more  brown  than  green.  The 
special  tincture  was  probably  demanded  because  of  dogmatic 
statements  in  text-books  that  only  the  separated  laminae  should 
be  used.  (Guyer,  Pharm.  J.,  1914,  p.  165.) 
Perfumes  from  Lichens — 

•Attention  is  drawn  to  the  need  of  investigating  the  odorous 
principles  of  lichens,  with  a  view  to  using  them  in  perfumery. 
As  a  basis  for  retaining  odors  in  potpourris  and  sachets,  the 
common  reindeer  lichen,  Cladonia  rangifera  and  syhatica,. 
appear  very  suitable.  The  tree  lichen,  Evernia  prunastri, 
called  oak  moss  in  France,  has  been  used  for  some  years  as 
a  basis  for  perfumes.  It  is  generally  found  admixed  with 
other  less  fragrant  lichens,  but  may  be  readily  distinguished 
by  the  frond  being  gray  on  the  outside  and  white  on  the  tmder 
or  channelled  side.  According  to  Gattefosse,  the  odorous  prin- 
ciple is  a  phenol,  lichenol,  isomeric  with  carvacrol,  and  soluble 
in  3  per  cent,  sodium  carbonate  solution.  A  suitable  basis  for 
perfumes  is  obtained  by  extracting  the  lichen  with  a  volatile 
solvent.  (  Parry,  Perf.  Essent.  Oil  Rec,  1913,  p.  408;  through. 
J.  Soc.  Chem.  Ind.) 
Source  of  Lignum  Nephritictim — 

An  abstract  published  some  months  ago  stated  that  Miiller 
had  found  "Lignum  Nephriticum"  to  be  derived  from  one  or 
more  species  of  Pterocarpus.  Stapf  has  recently  reopened  the 
question,  and  concludes  that  the  wood  comes  from  Eysen- 
hardtia  amorphoides.  This  conclusion  is  based  both  on  ex- 
periment and  on  a  great  deal  of  literary  research.  Sections 
of  "Lignum  Nephriticum"  and  Eysenhardtia  show  histological 
identity  under  the  microscope,  and  infusions  of  the  two  woods 
give  identical  fluorescence  phenomena.  (Small,  Pharm.  J., 
1914,  p.  4.) 
Detection  of  Turmeric — 

It  is  well  known  that  ground  white  pepper  frequently  con- 
tains a  minute  quantity  of  turmeric,  about  0.05  per  cent.  It 
is  added  to  give  a  slight  yellow  tinge.  Microscopic  examina- 
tion will  not  yield  absolutely  definite  results.  The  boric  acid 
test  will  not  show  less  than  1  :  1000.  The  material  is  ex- 
tracted with  boiling  alcohol,  the  alcohol  evaporated  in  contact 
with  a  silk  fibre,  and  the  fibre  moistened  with  a  dilute  solution  of 
boric  acid  and  dried.  By  making  a  blank  experiment  at  the 
same  time,  comparisons  are  possible.  Bell's  test  is  by  far 
the  best.  One  g.  of  diphenylamine  is  dissolved  in  20  cc.  of 
90  per  cent,  alcohol,  25  cc.  of  pure  sulphuric  acid  added,  and  . 
the  mixture  cooled.  If  a  drop  of  this  reagent  is  spread  on 
a  slide,  and  the  sample  placed  on  the  cover  glass,  and  ex- 
amined under  the  microscope,  each  particle  of  turmeric  will 
be  stained  a  fine  purple.  The  test  is  extremely  delicate. 
(Chem.  Drug.,  1914,  p.  106.) 
Hopf  and  Hopeine — 

The  German  Hopf,  recently  sentenced  to  death  at  Frankfurt 
for  poisoning  his  wife  and  children,  was  the  perpetrator  of  an 
astounding  fake  discovery  in  1885  and  1886,  the  announcement 
of  the  isolation  of  a  narcotic  alkaloid,  hopeine,  from  American 
hops.  The  substance  was  stated  to  be  a  crystalline  white 
powder,  scarcely  soluble  in  water,  soluble  in  alcohol,  and 
intensely  bitter.  It  was  put  on  the  market  by  the  Concentrated 
Produce  Company,  of  London.  Within  a  fortnight  of  the 
publication  of  the  original  article,  which  appeared  in  the 
Pharmaceutische  Zeitung,  three  French  chemists  found  the 
supposed  hopeme  to  be  identical  with  morphine.  This  was 
confirmed  by  two  English  chemists,  but  immediately  afterward, 
Weissenfeld,  another  German,  pointed  out  differences  between 
the  two  alkaloids.  Paul,  then  editor  of  the  Pharmaceutical 
Journal,  showed  definitely  that  the  substance  w^as  a  mixture 
of   morphine   and   cocaine,    and   characterized   the   swindle   as 


106 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


"a    piece    of    foolish    impudence    that    almost    passes    belief." 
Hopf  was  in  charge  of  the  London  office  for  some  time,  but 
disappeared    on    the    day    that    Paul's    paper    was    published. 
(Chem.  Drug..  1914,  p.  124.) 
UesothoTiuni — 

Since  thorium-X  and  its  solutions  are  perishable,  and  lose 
half  their  activity  in  four  days,  they  cannot  be  kept  in  a  drug 
store.  In  addition,  their  preparation  offers  great  technical 
difficulties.  The  principal  source  of  these  substances  is  the 
Auer  (Welsbach)  factories  in  Berlin.  The  factory  must  be 
informed  of  the  daily  dose  it  is  desired  to  administer,  in 
electrostatic  units.  The  shipment  is  then  made  at  intervals 
of  three  days.  The  amount  of  liquid  calculated  for  the  first 
day  is  less  than  for  the  second  day,  and  the  latter  is  in  turn 
less  than  th.it  for  the  third  day.  The  content  of  active  sub- 
stance is  so  regulated  that  the  correct  amount  is  presented  each 
day.  The  initial  charge  is  also  varied  according  to  the  length 
of  time  required  for  transport,  being  double  as  strong  when 
the  goods  are  intended  for  Lisbon,  for  example,  as  when  they 
are  to  be  used  in  Berlin.  The  price  is  changed  with  the  dose, 
not  with  the  initial  amount  of  active  material.  It  is  about 
one  mark  for  a  daily  dose  of  100  units,  and  hence  very  much 
lower  than  for  radium  emanation,  in  addition  to  the  prepara- 
tions being  much  better  tolerated  by  the  patient.  (Pharm. 
Ztg.,  1914,  p.  63.) 
Lecithin  and  Lecithin  Salts — 

The  instability  of  lecithin  is  well  known,  and  there  is  no 
good  reason  for  believing  that  the  purer  products  are  more 
stable  than  the  impure.  A  lecithin  prepared  by  the  older 
scientific  methods  can  be  precipitated  almost  snow-white  from 
its  chloroform  solution,  contains  over  8.5  per  cent,  of  phos- 
phorus, and  shows  the  same  decomposability  as  an  impure 
preparation.  Saponification  seems  to  be  the  process  most 
concerned  in  the  decomposition.  Lecithin  is  very  sensitive  to 
mineral  acids,  and  much  less  so  to  dilute  or  weak  acids. 
Pure,  fresh  lecithin  is  neutral,  but  becomes  acid  after  a  while. 
Many  salts  of  lecithin  with  organic  acids  possess  a  rather 
marked  stability.  The  neutral  citrate,  which  has  almost  the 
same  acid  properties  as  citric  acid  itself,  on  account  of  the 
hydrate  formula  of  lecithin,  has  much  greater  stability  than 
lecithin  itself.  If  moisture  is  e.xcluded,  the  preparation  keeps 
for  more  than  a  year.  As  the  lecithin  content  is  93  per  cent., 
the  salt  can  be  used  for  all  purposes  where  lecithin  would  be 
prescribed.  It  is  now  to  be  placed  on  the  market.  (Laboschin, 
Pharm.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  63.) 
Heavy  Metals  in  Extracts — 

The  German  Pharmacopoeia  prescribes  tests  for  the  presence 
of  copper  and  tin  in  the  ashes  of  plant  extracts.  Steinhorst 
e-xamined  a  number  of  such  preparations  which  he  had  made 
with  special  care,  and  found  none  of  them  free  from  these 
metals.  It  was  found  absolutely  impossible  to  prepare  an 
extract  free  from  copper,  unless  the  entire  surface  of  the 
vacuum  pans,  etc.,  used,  could  be  scoured  bright.  As  this  is 
not  possible  when  working  on  a  large  scale,  slight  amounts  of 
copper  must  be  e-xpected  in  all  such  extracts.  If  tin  is  present 
as  well,  this  indicates  that  the  tin  lining  has  been  neglected. 
The  amount  of  metals  is  proportional  to  the  amount  of  acids 
in  the  plant  extracts.  A  number  of  careful  trials  were  made, 
with  a  vacuum  apparatus  which  had  been  tinned  extra  heavily, 
but  in  almost  every  case  metals  passed  into  the  extracts.  On 
examining  35  extracts  made  by  other  firms,  only  two  were 
found  to  be  free  of  metals,  and  these  were  of  the  same  plant, 
strangely  enough.  Many  of  them  showed  much  more  than 
traces  of  metals.  (Steinhorst,  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  39.) 
Gru-Gru  Oil — 

Gru-gru  is  the  Trinidad  name  of  Acrocomia  Sclerocarpa, 
a  tree  growing  on  the  poorest  soil,  and  belonging  to  the  same 
tribe  as  the  cocoanut  palm.  The  kernel  of  the  fruit,  about 
5^  inch  across,  contains  about  50  per  cent,  of  fat.  The  oil, 
obtained  by  hot-pressing  the  seeds,  contains  12  per  cent,  more 
stearin  than  cocoanut  oil,  and  has  about  the  same  value  as 
palm  oil.  Soap  made  from  the  oil  is  almost  white,  and  of 
good  quality.  The  stearin  would  make  a  valuable  edible  fat. 
The  tree  is  not  at  present  cultivated  in  the  West  Indies,  and 
the  gathering  of  sufficient  quantities  of  the  nuts  presents  con- 
siderable difficulties.  The  oil  might  be  used  in  the  preparation 
of  oleomargarine.  (Knapp,  J.  Soc.  Chem.  Ind.,  1914,  p.  9.) 
Sose  Oil  from  Citronella  Oil — 

The  researches  of  Barbier  and  Bouveault,  and  Earbicr  and 


Lcser,  showed  that  1-rhodinol  is  a  stereo-isomer  of  d-citro- 
nellol,  the  two  bodies  differing  in  the  position  of  the  double 
bond.  It  is  now  possible  to  pass  from  one  substance  to  the 
other,  and  the  rhodinol  thus  made  has  properties  similar  to 
the  natural  rhodinol,  including  an  odor  of  fresh  roses.  The 
optical  rotation  is  as  far  to  the  right  as  that  of  1-citronellol 
is  to  the  left.  All  three  rhodinols  are  now  known,  the  d-,  1-, 
and  i-  forms.  (Barbier  and  Locquin,  Comptes  rend.,  1913, 
p.   1114.) 

Administration  of  Guaiacol — 

Guaiacol  is  probably  not  used  nearly  as  much  in  pulmonary 
tuberculosis  as  it  might  be.  This  may  be  due  to  the  fact  that 
the  doses  heretofore  have  not  been  large  enough,  or  the  remedy 
may  not  have  been  given  long  enough  and  regularly.  From 
long  experience  in  bronchial  cases,  Mayberry  finds  that  5 
minim  doses  three  times  daily  for  a  few  months  are  unsatis- 
factory, but  by  gradually  raising  the  dose  to  12  minims  thrice 
daily  for  four  months  or  more,  highly  satisfactory  results  were 
obtained.  To  overcome  the  objection  that  the  drug  impairs 
digestion,  Mayberry  gives  it  before  meals,  and  has  seen  no 
harm  from  its  use.  A  mixture  of  the  following  formula  is 
used:  Guaiacol,  1  fi.  dram;  alcohol,  1  fl.  ounce;  syrup  of 
lemon,  1  fl.  ounce;  spirit  of  chloroform,  2  fl.  drams;  water  to 
make  6  ounces.  The  dose  is  Y2  A.  ounce  three  times  per  day. 
(Mayberry,  Brit,  Med.   J.,   Jan.   10,   1914;   through  Pharm.  J.) 

To  Prevent  Poisoning  by  Hypnotics — 

Cimbal  recommends  the  combination  of  the  hypnotic  with 
ipecac,  in  such  proportions  that  to  the  minimum  lethal  dose 
of  the  hypnotic  is  added  the  equivalent  of  1  g.  of  ipecac  in 
powder,  tincture  or  infusion.  The  author  finds  that  in  women 
0.6  to  0.9  g.,  and  in  men  0.9  to  1.2  g.  of  the  drug  suffice  to 
induce  vomiting,  even  when  administered  with  strong  nar- 
cotics. Small  doses  have  only  an  appetizing  effect.  Veronal 
0.3,  phenacetin  0.2,  ipecac  0.1-0.15  g.,  with  or  without  codeine, 
is  a  typical  formula  of  this  sort.  Medinal  dissolved  in  infusion 
of  ipecac  is  also  employed.  Cimbal  believes  that  it  would  be 
an  excellent  thing  if  the  chemical  factories  would  turn  out  all 
the  important  narcotics  and  hypnotics  in  a  form  which  would 
make  their  administration  possible  in  the  way  described. 
(Cimbal,  Munch.  Med.  Wochschr.,  1913,  No.  47.) 


New  Remedies 


Hydrascnerion  Zyma  is  a  titrated  hydrastis  preparation, 
used  in  uterine  disorders. 

Jodglysol  is  a  colloidal  solution  of  iodine  and  glycogen,  to 
be  used  in  injections  as  a  substitute  for  iodine  and  iodides. 

Lytinol  is  said  to  be  "sodium  dioxybenzene-aluminura  iodo- 
hypoiodate,"   and   is  used   in  gonorrhoeal  urethritis. 

Methylene  Blue-Silver  is  a  dark  blue  powder,  easily  soluble 
in  water,  and  containing  27  per  cent,  of  silver.  It  is  used  in 
injections,  in  doses  of  0.1  to  0.4  g.  Slight  pain  accompanies 
the  injection.     No  secondary  effects  could   be  noted. 

Optochin  hydrochloride  is  a  new  protected  name  for  ethyl- 
hydrocupreine  hydrochloride,  used  in  pneumonia  and  in 
opthalmology. 

Papaverine  "Roche"  promises  to  be  therapeutically  valuable. 
It  has  the  effect  of  lowering  the  tone  of  smooth  muscle,  and 
hence  has  been  used  in  acute  uremic  hypertension.  The  prepa- 
ration comes  on  the  market  in  tablets  and  ampules. 

Phenoval  is  brom-valeryl-phenetidin,  forming  white,  color- 
less and  tasteless  needles,  insoluble  in  water,  difficultly  soluble 
in  ether,  acetone,  benzene,  and  benzine,  but  easily  soluble  in 
chloroform,  glycerol  and  cold  alcohol.  It  melts  at  149-150°. 
Its  uses  are  as  a  mild  hypnotic,  and  especially  as  a  headache 
remedy,  without  antipyretic  action.  It  is  non-toxic  and  non- 
habit-forming  and  the  dose  is  0.5  g. 

Transpirol  is  said  to  contain  "homologues  of  benzene-car- 
bonic acid,  as  cinnamic  acid,  etc."  It  is  used  to  allay  the 
odor  of  perspiration  and  other  secretions. 

Tricalcol  is  used  for  increasing  the  calcium  and  albumen 
content  of  milk,  and  is  stated  to  be  a  colloidal  calcium-albumen- 
phosphoric  acid  compound. 

Vascosan  is  a  base  for  eye  salves,  which  is  said  to  overcome 
all  objections  hitherto  raised  to  other  bases  of  the  same 
character. 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


107 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department  from  non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if    not    out    of   print,    may    be    obtained    for   25    cents    each. 

Violet    Toilet   Lotion. 
(H.S.F.) — Two     much-used     formulas     for     "violet     toilet 
lotion"  are  the  following; 

(1) 

Ammonia  water   13  fl.  ounces 

Alcohol    12  fl.  ounces 

Essence    of    violets 3  fl.  drams 

Mix. 

(2) 

Stronger  ammonia  water 7  fl.  ounces 

Stronger   tincture   of   orris 1   fl.  ounce 

Alcohol     1   fl-  ounce 

■     Distilled    water     4  fl.  ounces 

Chlorophyll    qs.  to  color 

Mix  and  filter  in  a  closely-covered  funnel  through  talcum. 
As  tincture  of  cudbear  with  alkalies  gives  a  purplish  tint  or 
violet  color,  it  is  possible  to  give  the  shade  desired  to  this 
preparation  by  substituting  a  little  tincture  of  cudbear  for  the 
chlorophyll. 

A  violet  odor  can  be  imparted  to  almost  any  lotion  by  the 
addition  of  the  synthetic  ionone,  which  may  be  used  in  either 
the  form  of  an  alcoholic  solution  singly,  or  in  combination  with 
tincture  of  orris.  A  spirit  of  ionone  used  by  perfumers  to 
produce  a  violet  odor  is  made  by  dissolving  ionone  (10  per 
cent,  solution)  in  rectified  spirit  to  make  20  fl.  ounces,  adding 
enough  of  this  solution  to  the  lotion  to  impart  the  degree  of 
odor  required.  A  violet  tint  may  be  imparted  by  the  use  of 
methyl  violet,  but  the  amount  necessary  to  produce  the  shade 
desired  should  be  determined   by  careful  experiment. 

Female  Regulator. 
(G.B.W.) — Most  of  the  preparations  of  this  character  on 
the  market  under  the  above  name  or  similar  titles  are  con- 
structed upon  the  type  of  the  "compound  elixir  of  cramp  bark" 
of  the  National  Formulary,  Formulas  from  other  sources  are 
these: 

(1) 

Aletris  or  stargrass 1  ounce 

Blue    cohosh    1  ounce 

Cramp    bark    1  ounce 

Helonias    or    starwort 1   ounce 

Syrup    2  fl.  ounces 

Alcohol    2  fl.  ounces 

Sherry   wine,   enough   to  make 16  fl.  ounces 

Extract  the  drugs  reduced  to  suitable  powder  with  16  fl. 
ounces  of  sherry  wine  previously  mixed  with  the  alcohol,  and 
percolate  until  14  fl.  ounces  of  liquid  are  obtained.  Mix  the 
percolate  with  the  syrup,  and  filter  if  necessary. 

(2) 

Fluidextract    of    motherwort 2  fl.  ounces 

Fluidextract  of  yarrow ^  fl,  ounce 

Fluidextract  of  rue Yi  fl.  ounce 

Compound   tincture   of   cardamom 1   fl.  ounce 

Compound   eli.xir   of   dandelion,    enough 

to  make    16  fl.  ounces 

Mix. 

(3) 

Fluidextract    of    blackhaw 1   fl.  ounce 

Fluidextract   of  blue  cohosh J/2  fl.  ounce 

Fluidextract  of  golden  seal 1   fl.  ounce 

Fluidextract    of    Jamaica    dogwood ^  fl.  ounce 

Compound   tincture   of   cardamom 1  fl.  ounce 

Tincture    of    cinnamon 1  fl.  ounce 

Compound    elixir   of    dandelion,    enough 

to  make    16  fl.  ounces 


Mix  the  fluidextracts  with  the  tinctures  and  elixirs;  allow 
the  mixture  to  stand  a  few  days  and  then  run  through  a  wetted 
talcum  filter. 


Books  on  Radium. 

(W.A.VanW.) — The  following  are  standard  books  on 
radium   and   radio-activity: 

Joly,   Radio-activity   and   Geology $3.00 

Raffety,    Introduction    to   the    Science    of    Radio- 
activity        1 .25 

Robarts,    Practical    Radium    and    Uses    in    the 

Treatment   of   Diseases 1 .00 

Soddy,   Interpretation   of  Radium 1.75 

Cameron,    Radio-Chemistry    1.00 

Jones,   Electrical  Nature  of  Matter  and   Radio- 
activity      2.00 

Baskerville,  Radium  and  Radio-active  Substances  1.00 

Rutherford,    Radio-activity    4.00 

As  described  in  a  recent  issue  of  the  Journal  of  the  Amer- 
ican Medical  Association  ("New  and  Non-official  Remedies"), 
radium  is  a  bivalent  metallic  element  closely  related  to  barium. 
It  is  strongly  reactive,  making  it  difficult  to  isolate  in  its 
metallic  state  and  after  isolation  to  keep  in  a  pure  state,  as  it 
reacts  with  air,  forming  the  oxide,  nitrite  and  finally  the 
carbonate.  On  account  of  this  activity  it  is  only  produced  in 
the  form  of  its  salts,  principally  as  the  bromide,  chloride, 
sulphate  and  carbonate.  The  most  important  property  of 
radium  is  its  radio-activity  upon  which  depends  its  thera- 
peutic value.  Radio-activity  is  defined  as  "the  property  of 
spontaneously  emitting  radiations  capable  of  passing  through 
plates  of  metal  and  other  substances  opaque  to  ordinary  light 
and  having  the  power  of  discharging  electrified  bodies."  A 
spontaneous  disintegration  of  the  atoms  characterizes  all  the 
radio-active  elements  and  it  is  in  this  transmission  or  splitting 
of  the  atom  that  the  rays  are  shot  out,  some  being  material 
in  nature,  others  electrical  or  of  the  nature  of  light.  This 
spontaneous  transmutation  of  radium  is  going  on  at  a  regular 
rate,  which  is  independent  of  the  state  of  combination  of 
radium  in  the  molecule  of  its  compounds. 

To  determine  the  radio-active  value  of  radium,  use  is  made 
of  its  property  of  ionizing  gases.  Thus,  when  radium  is 
allowed  to  act  on  the  air  in  a  charged  gold-leaf  electroscope 
the  air  becomes  ionized  and  therefore  a  conductor  of  electricity 
and  allows  the  charge  to  leak  out,  causing  the  leaf  in  the 
electroscope  to  move.  By  observing  the  rate  of  movement  of 
the  leaf  in  a  calibrated  apparatus  the  radio-activity  can  be 
determined.  Quantities  and  concentrations  of  radium  emana- 
tion are  expressed  in  terms  of  "curies"  and  Mache  units. 
A  "curie"  is  the  amount  of  emanation  in  equilibrium  with  1 
gram  of  radium;  a  microcurie,  one  millionth  of  a  "curie,"  is 
the  amount  of  emanation  in  equilibrium  with  0.001  mg.  radium 
and  is  equivalent  to  about  2500  Mache  units. 

The  rays  are  divided  into  three  groups,  the  alpha,  beta  and 
gamma,  which  differ  in  their  velocity  and  penetrative  power. 
The  alpha  and  beta  rays  consist  of  minute  particles  of  matter 
electrically  charged  and  moving  with  a  velocity  almost  equal 
to  that  of  light.  They  are  for  the  most  part  of  relatively 
feeble  penetrating  power.  The  gamma  rays  are  vibrations  in 
the  ether,  very  similar  to  X-rays,  and  of  high  penetrating 
power.  Therapeutically,  the  last  group  is  the  most  useful. 
Radium  emanation  is  continuously  given  off  from  aqueous 
solutions  of  radium  salts.  It  can  be  collected  as  it  escapes 
from  the  solution,  drawn  off  through  the  use  of  the  mercury 
pump,  or  by  other  suitable  means,  quantitatively  determined 
by  either  the  alpha  or  gamma  ray  electroscope,  brought  into 
solution  in  water  for  internal  or  external  use  or  be  set  free  in 
an  emanatorium  for  inhalation  treatment.  It  may  be  collected 
into  small  glass  containers  and  then  used  in  place  of  the 
applicators  prescribed  under  surgical  use. 

The  compounds  accepted  by  the  Council  on  Pharmacy  and 
Chemistry  of  the  American  Medical  Association  for  inclusion 
in  the  forthcoming  edition  of  "New  and  Nonofficial  Remedies" 
are  radium  chloride  and  radium   sulphate.     While  nearly  pure 


lOS 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  191* 


salts  of  these  compounds  are  obtainable,  the  market  supply 
is  either  a  niLxture  of  radium  chloride  and  barium  chloride, 
or  of  radium  sulphate  and  barium  sulphate,  respectively,  the 
mixtures  being  sold  on  the  basis  of  their  radium  content. 


Compound  SjTTip  of  White  Pine. 
(H.L.T.) — ^A  standard  formula  for  compound  syrup  of 
white  pine  may  be  found  in  the  National  Formulary,  and  the 
preparation  made  from  it  is  the  only  one  entitled  to  the  name 
without  other  qualification  under  the  Federal  Food  and  Drugs 
Act.  For  the  sake  of  uniformity  you  should  use  the  X.F. 
preparation,  but  a  formula  in  which  fluidextracts  are  employed 
is  the  following : 

Fluide-\tract  of  white  pine 1  fl.  ounce 

Fluidcxtract   of   wild   cherry 1   fl.  ounce 

Fluidextract  of  bloodroot 56  minims 

Fluidcxtract   of  spikenard 64  minims 

Fluide-xtract  of  balm  of  gilead  buds 64  minims 

Fluide.xtract  of  sassafras  bark 32  minims 

Morphine   sulphate    3  grains 

Chloroform     64  minims 

Purified  talcum  2  drams 

Water,  enough  to  make 16  fl.  ounces 

Mix  the  fluidextracts  with  about  6  ounces  of  water  and  the 
purified  talcum,  and  stir  and  agitate  about  15  or  20  minutes. 
Transfer  the  mixture  to  a  wetted  filter,  and  when  the  liquid 
ceases  to  drop  from  the  funnel,  wash  the  contents  of  the  filter 
with  water  until  S  ounces  of  filtrate  have  been  obtained.  In 
this  dissolve  the  sugar  and  morphine  sulphate  by  agitation  and 
add  enough  water,  previously  passed  through  the  filter,  to  make, 
with  the  chloroform,  when  added  to  the  syrup,  16  fl.  ounces. 
Lastly  add  the  chloroform  and  shake  thoroughly. 


Milk  of  Magnesia. 
(H.L.T.) — .\  standard  formula  for  this  preparation  is 
given  in  the  National  Formular)-,  and  the  same  remarks  as  to 
the  vise  of  the  name  on  any  other  preparation  than  the  N.F. 
product  noted  above  apply  to  milk  of  magnesia.  However,  a 
so-called  "improved  formula"  devised  by  S.  L.  Hilton,  of 
Washington,  D.  C,  and  published  in  the  Er..^  of  May,  1911 
(page  200),  is  the  following: 

Magnesium   sulphate,   U.S.P 350  grams 

Sodium   hydroxide    119  grams 

Gelatin    0.150  gram 

Distilled  water,  q.s.  to  make 1000  cc. 

Dissolve  the  magnesium  sulphate  in  400  cc.  distilled  water, 
filter  the  solution  through  paper;  dissolve  the  gelatin  in  50  cc. 
of  hot  water  and  add  this  solution  to  the  magnesium  sulphate 
and  then  wash  the  filter  with  several  portions  of  distilled  water 
using  in  all  not  more  than  250  cc. 

Dissolve  the  sodium  hydroxide  in  400  cc.  of  distilled  water; 
when  the  solution  has  cooled,  add  300  cc.  of  distilled  water, 
mix  thoroughly,  and  when  both  solutions  have  cooled  to  room 
temperature,  add  the  solution  of  sodium  hydroxide  to  the 
solution  of  magnesium  sulphate  by  some  means  that  will  de- 
liver the  solution  of  sodium  hydrate  in  rapid  drops.  Stir  the 
magnesium  sulphate  solution  briskly  until  all  of  the  soda 
solution  is  added  then  dilute  with  distilled  water  to  make  the 
mLxture  measiu'e  3000  cc.  Let  stand  until  the  precipitate  has 
settled  to  the  1000  cc.  mark  on  the  container,  siphon  off  the 
supernatant  liquid  and  add  2500  cc.  of  water,  stir  well  and  set 
aside  to  settle  again  to  the  1000  cc.  mark,  siphon  off  the 
supernatant  liquid  and  dilute  the  magma  with  distilled  water 
\mtil  it  measures  4000  cc,  stir  well  and  set  aside  to  settle  to 
the  1000  cc.  mark,  draw  off  the  clear  liquid,  mix  the  magma 
well  and  assay  by  the  process  given,  diluting,  if  necessary',  so 
that  the  preparation  will  contain  7.5  per  cent.  Mg(OH),. 

For  the  assay  process  we  must  refer  you  to  the  issue  of  the 
Era  cited  above.  With  this  process  and  the  assay  method 
given  it  is  claimed  that  a  uniform  product  of  definite  strength 
can  be  made. 


Face   Powder. 

(L.S.G.) — "Will  you  please  publish  in  the  Era  an  Al 
formula  for  a  face  powder,  not  a  cheap  article,  but  a  powder 
of  extra  good   quality   regardless   of   price?" 

As  to  what  constitutes  "an  Al"  face  powder  is  largely  a 
matter  of  individual   preference,  the  exact  cost  of  production 


oftentimes  bearing  no  definite  relation  to  the  price  charged  the 
consumer.  However,  here  are  some  typical  formulas  from 
various  sources  from  which  you  should  be  able  to  make  a 
selection : 

(1) 

Bismuth  subcarbonate  1  ounce 

Zinc  oxide   3  ounces 

French    chalk    4  ounces 

Precipitated  chalk   4  ounces 

Corn  flour   5  ounces 

Perfume    a  sufficiency 

Mix  thoroughly  and  sift.  The  powder  may  be  tinted  pink 
by  the  incorporation  of  a  little  carmine  dissolved  in  ammonia 
water,  while  a  "brunette"  powder  is  made  by  admixture  witlt 
sufficient  burnt  umber  or  sienna. 

(2) 

Whitest  Venetian  chalk 2  ounces 

Rice   flour    2  ounces 

Zinc  white  1  ounce 

Mix  and  perfume  with  a  sufficiency  of  the  following: 

Oil  of  bergamot 45  minims 

Oil  of  ylang  ylang 30  minims 

Oil  of  neroli 30  minims 

Eau   de   cologn,. 5  drams 

Mix  thoroughly. 

Swan  Down. 

Zinc  oxide   S  ounces 

Powdered  orris   2^  ounces 

French    chalk    10  ounces 

Essence  of  musk 10  minims 

Jasmine   extract    60  minims 

WTiite   rose   extract 60  minims 

Cassie  extract   60  minims 

Mix  thoroughly,  allow  to  stand  in  the  air  a  short  time,  and 
pass  through  a  fine  sieve  ("Pharmaceutical  Formulas"). 


Soluble  Antiseptic  Powder. 

(.'V.N.N.) — \  typical  formula  "for  a  compound  antiseptic 
powder  that  can  be  dissolved  in  water  or  be  used  in  the  dry 
form"  is  that  for  soluble  antiseptic  powder  of  the  National 
Formularj'.  This  preparation,  according  to  the  "Physicians' 
Manual  of  the  Pharmacopoeia,"  is  said  to  be  "similar  in  com- 
position to  the  various  antiseptic  powders  of  more  or  less, 
secret  character  sold  under  trade  names."  It  can  be  used 
either  as  a  dusting  powder,  or  in  5  per  cent,  solution.  For  the 
sake  of  uniformity  this  is  the  formula  that  should  be  employed. 

Formulas  for  compounds  employed  for  a  similar  purpose  are 
the  following,  the  last  one  given  being  that  for  "compound 
alkaline  powder"  of  the  British  Pharmaceutical  Codex 
Formulary : 

(1) 

Boracic  acid    10  ounces 

Sodium  biborate  4  ounces 

Alum   1  ounce 

Zinc  siilphocarbolate   1  ounce 

Thymic  acid    1  dram 

Mix  thoroughly.  For  an  antiseptic  wash  dissolve  1  or  2 
drams  in  a  quart  of  warm  water. 

(2) 

Sodium  bicarbonate,  in  powder 1  ounce 

Sodium  chloride,  in  powder 1  ounce 

Borax,    in   powder 1  ounce 

Mix.     This  powder  is  used  to  make  a  wash  for  the  nose  iir 

catarrh,   30   to  60  grains  being  dissolved  in  10  fl.   ovmces  of 
warm  water. 


Black   Leather   Varnish. 
(S.W.D.)— 

Rosin    30  parts 

Turpentine    30  parts 

Oil   of   turpentine 30  parts 

Sandarac    60  parts 

Shellac    120  parts 

.•Mcohol,  90  per  cent 900  parts 

Digest,  then  add — 

Lampblack  (previously  triturated  with  a 

little   alcohol)     15  parts 

Recommended  as  producing  a  satisfactory  black  which  will 
not  crack  or  peel  off. 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


109 


WOMEIM  m  PHARMACY 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 


IV.     The  Woman  Pharmacist's  Future. 


IN    RELATION    TO    GOVERNMENT    EXPANSION. 


WE  HEAR  much  about  the  economics  of  the  home,  the 
individual  business,  and  the  community  under  such 
names  as  domestic  science,  modern  efficiency,  civic 
improvement,  and  social  service,  but  few — ^very  few — are  awake 
to  the  economics  of  national  progress. 

Your  horizon  and  mine  has  widened  within  the  last  10  or 
IS  years;  so  has  that  of  Uncle  Sam  and  Miss  Columbia.  If 
it  were  not  so,  if  the  Federal  vision  remained  fLxed,  then  the 
few  who  were  successful  in  scrambling  to  the  top  of  the  ladder 
would  stay  there  and  the  lower  rungs  would  become  much 
more  crowded  than  they  are  now.  As  it  really  is,  however, 
the  ladder  keeps  growing  longer  and  requiring  more  rungs  so 
there  are  more  places — more  worth-while  places,  to  fill. 
Phanaacists  a  Growing  Need. 

Wherever  there  are  people  who  are  intelligent  according  to 
modern  standards,  health  supplies,  hygienic  sanitation,  medical 
and  surgical  needs  must  be  met.  With  'our  increased  pos- 
sessions come  increased  opportunities.  Alaska,  Hawaii,  Cuba, 
the  Philippines,  Panama,  and  territorial  development,  all  spell 
opportunity  directly  and  indirectly.  Openings  there  are  which 
the  woman  pharmacist  can  fill  directly  by  seeking  them,  and 
when  it  is  impracticable  for  her  to  do  this,  her  brother  phar- 
macist is  called  upon  to  serve,  and  so  the  place  he  has  left 
is  open  to  her.  Indirectly,  Government  expansion  has  extended 
the  field  for  her  services. 

But,  to  take  advantage  of  these  or  any  other  opportunities, 
preparation  must  be  made  and  the  situation  so  thoroughly 
studied  and  understood  that  open  doors  will  be  recognized  and, 
when  the  psychological  moment  arrives,  entered.  Sometimes 
people  blunder  into  the  right  opening,  but  more  often  success 
is  the  result  of  definite,  well-thought-out,  and  persistently- 
carried-out  plans. 

Commercial   Enterprise   Not   Appreciated. 

We  have  scarcely  come  to  the  point  of  appreciating  the 
many  fields  of  service  opening  up  because  of  the  wonder- 
ful commercial  enterprise  of  our  people  both  at  home  and 
abroad. 

Some  of  our  great  pharmaceutical  manufacturing  houses 
maintain  branches  in  London,  Tokio,  Melbourne,  etc.,  and 
sometimes  there  are  fine  opportunities  for  the  trained,  special- 
ized worker  who  would  see  something  of  the  world  and  re- 
ceive a  good  salary  while  doing  it.  American  travel  is  now  so 
extensive  that  American  service  in  retail  lines  is  also  sought, 
so  that  the  woman  pharmacist  with  the  germ  of  wanderlust  in 
her  blood  need  not  feel  obliged  to  remain  at  home  and  "to 
blush  unseen"  unless  she  so  desires. 

Then,  too,  in  our  own  country  the  growing  sentiment  ex- 
pressed in  the  modern  slogans  of  "Safety  First,"  "Quality," 
"Honest  Goods,"  "No  False  Claims,"  etc.,  has  been  the  means 
of  many,  many  manufacturing  firms,  and  wholesale  and  retail 
houses  establishing  individual  or  co-operative  laboratories  for 
testing  the  goods  they  offer  for  sale  themselves  or  essay  to 
buy  of  others.  Foods,  leather,  false  hair,  silks,  cotton,  medi- 
cines, ad  infinitum,  are  subjected  to  searching  analysis,  and 
the  woman  chemist  again  iinds  a  new  and  profitable  field  open 
to  her. 

The  Government  Service. 

The  idea  often  prevails  that  profound  and  unusual  attain- 
ments and  a  great  deal  of  pull  are  necessary  to  gain  an  en- 
trance to  the  Government  service.  And  yet  some  positions  go 
a-begging  because  people  are  afraid  to  tackle  them  or  do  not 
know  of  them.  An  expert  needlewoman,  for  instance,  was 
wanted  to  repair  tattered  and  historic  flags,  and  even  after 
the  Civil  Service  Commission  sent  application  blanks  broad- 
cast for  examinations  for  the  vacancy,  yet,  it  is  stated,  no  one 
applied  for  the  vacancy,  although  it  offered  suitable  remunera- 
tion. 


What  does  the  Government  hold  in  its  gift  of  opportunities 
for  the  woman  pharmacist?  The  answer  today  would  be  alto- 
gether too  abbreviated  tomorrow,  for  the  service  is  constantly 
expanding.  But  there  is  no  mystery  about  it.  Every  depart- 
ment has  its  head  whose  duty  it  is  to  serve  the  public.  Every 
person  has  started  toward  success  who  takes  time  to  commune 
with  herself  and  to  inquire — "What  do  I  like  to  do?"  "In 
what  field  lies  my  particular  opportunity  to  use  my  professional 
knowledge  to  agreeable  and  profitable  advantage?" 

And  having  decided,  lose  no  time  in  seeking  authoritative 
information  until  the  nearest  avenue  of  entrance  is  discovered. 
Postage  stamps  are  cheap,  the  mails  swift  and  sure.  For  in- 
formational guidance,  "Ask  and  ye  shall  receive,"  and  having 
received  it  is  necessary  to  act,  not  to  be  content  with  mere 
dreaming.     The  field  is  wide.     Where  will  ye  reap? 


A  Successful  Professional  Woman. 


MRS.  DELLA  MAE  WRIGHT,  of  Algona,  Wash.,  affords 
an  excellent  illustration  of  what  may  be  done  at  home, 
using  the  means  at  hand  for  self-improvement.  We 
cannot  do  better  than  to  give  you  a  glimpse  of  Mrs.  Wright's 
work  through  her  own  account: 

"I  have  always,  since  a  lit- 
tle girl,  been  interested  in 
pharmacy  emd  always  had  a 
great  desire  to  be  in  the  drug 
business.  I  married  into  a 
family  of  druggists  and  doc- 
tors. My  husband,  his  father, 
uncles  and  brothers  are  all 
druggists  or  doctors. 

"In  1910  we  opened  this 
store  in  Algona,  and  I,  besides 
helping  in  the  store,  began 
the  study  of  pharmacy.  I 
found  it  very  difficult  to  get 
down  to  hard  study  and  ac- 
complish much  without  some 
system  to  go  by,  so  in  De- 
cember, 1912,  I  decided  to 
take  up  the  Era  Course.  I 
found   it   to   be   a   very   good 

and  interesting  system  of  in-  Mrs.    Wright. 

struction.  Finished  it  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1913.  In  September  I  took  the  Washington  State 
examination  and  passed  with  honors.  There  were  28  appli- 
cants of  whom  only  eight  succeeded  in  passing.  I  was  the 
only  woman  present,  and  I  give  much  credit  to  the  instruction 
I  got  through  the  Era  Course.  I  recommend  it  highly  to 
anyone  desiring  to  study  pharmacy  at  home.  At  times  while 
studying,  I  would  feel  discouraged  and  be  tempted  to  give  up, 
but  would  simply  force  myself  to  study.  It  is  an  easy  matter 
for  one  to  obtain  a  study  at  home,  but  it  takes  will-power 
and  determination  to  keep  it  up  day  after  day  and  complete 
a  course  such  as  pharmacy ;  but  when  it  is  completed  and 
one  successfully  passes  a  State  examination,  one  then  realizes 
the  old  saying  'What  is  worth  having  is  worth  working  for.' 
I  expect  to  continue  in  the  drug  business  as  I  think  i'.  one 
of  the  most  desirable  professions  for  a  woman." 

What  Mrs.  Wright  has  done,  others  may  do  if  they  will 
but  heed  what  she  says  concerning  the  will-power  and  de- 
termination it  takes  to  stick  to  any  work  once  it  is  undertaken. 
Achievements  worth  while  always  cost  effort  and  to  the  per- 
sistent and  persevering  belong  die  spoils. 


Sister  Pharmacists. 


There  are  many  noble  women  serving  as  registered  phar- 
macists in  religious  institutions.  In  some  of  these  it  is  against 
the  rule   to  publish   individual  histories  or  photographs,   while 


110 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[March,  1914 


in    others    it    is    entirely    permissible.      A    quotation    from    a 
recent  letter  will  make  this  clear: 

"Your  letter  addressed  to  Sister  Augtistine  to  hand 
and  will  say  in  reply  that  we,  as  religious  workers, 
do  not  have  our  histories  published. 

"I  can  assure  you  we  are  very  much  interested  in 
pharmacy  and  are  pleased  that  other  women  are  in- 
terested in  this  work  also.  We  thank  you  for  your 
kind  letter  and  are  sorry  that  we  cannot  comply  with 
your  wishes.     Wishing  you  success,  I  am, 

"Sincerely    yours.    Sister    Theresa,    R.Ph., 

"St.  John's  Hospital,  Springfield,  III." 

From  the  above  it  will  be  seen  that  there  is  a  large  number 
of  women  pharmacists  who  are  working  patiently  and  help- 
fully  for   others,   yet   of   whose   work   we   shall   never   know. 

We  wish  them  happiness  in  their  labor  of  love  and  in  full 
measure,  the  ultimate  reward  of  their  self-sacrifice. 


Miss   Mary   Kennedy 


An  Illuminating  Circular. 

IT  has  been  said  that  difficulties  are  something  to  overcome. 
That  they  may  be  overcome  is  shown  by  the  experience  of 
Miss  Mary  Kennedy,   of   Lawrenceburg,   Ind.,   a  successful 
woman   pharmacist   who  has  not  been   discouraged   by   adverse 
circumstances.       .^fter    Miss    Kennedy    graduated     from    high 

school  she  cherished  the  hope 
of  being  a  nurse,  but  as  she 
was  needed  at  home  she  was 
obliged  to  give  up  the  idea 
for  two  years,  when  she  was 
free  to  enter  the  Louisville 
City  Hospital  training  school 
for  nurses,  from  which  she 
graduated   in    1900. 

.^fter  a  year  spent  at 
Grady  Hospital,  Atlanta,  Ga., 
she  accepted  a  position  to 
organize  a  training  school  at 
St.  Joseph's  Hospital,  Sa- 
vannah, Ga.  After  two  years 
of  this  work  she  found  her- 
self very  tired,  and  so  decided 
to  go  into  private  work  to 
better  enable  herself  to  teach 
all  branches  of  nursing.  A 
year  of  this  work  showed  her 
that  if  she  were  to  be  an  all- 
around  expert,  she  must  un- 
derstand p!,armacy,  and  entering  the  Southern  College  of 
Pharmacy,  .Atlanta,  Ga.,  she  graduated  from  that  institution 
in  1905,  and  passed  the  State  Board  the  same  year.  Her 
average  was  high  enough  to  be  recognized  by  States  giving 
reciprocity.  She  is  also  registered  in  Indiana.  While  at- 
tending the  college  of  pharmacy  she  spent  her  spare  time 
nursing. 

It  now  seemed  best  for  her  to  return  to  her  home  town,  and 
soon  after  her  arrival  her  attention  was  drawn  to  a  drug  store 
for  sale.  Upon  what  was  considered  good  advice.  Miss  Ken- 
nedy, assisted  by  her  father,  purchased  this  store  without 
invoicing  the  stock.  Subsequent  investigation  proved  that  the 
fixtures  which  had  been  represented  as  solid  oak  were  mostly 
pine  and  there  was  considerably  less  than  half  the  stock  which 
they  had  been  led  to  believe  they  would  find.  This  was  dis- 
couraging for  the  young  lady  who  had  agreed  to  pay  6  per 
cent,   interest,   taxes,   and   insurance  upon   fictitious  values. 

As  Miss  Kennedy  had  no  experience  in  retail  work,  she 
was  obliged  to  employ  a  registered  man  who  proved  to  be 
dissipated.  She  was  much  discouraged  to  discover  that  drugs, 
toilet  articles,  etc.,  were  being  exchanged  for  strong  drink  at 
nearby  saloons.  She  was  forced  to  discharge  this  assistant, 
and  conduct  the  business  alone.  She  was  working  hard,  car- 
rying a  heavy  burden,  and  not  gaining  on  the  principal  of  her 
indebtedness  although  doing  fairly  well.  Determined  to  im- 
prove the  situation,  she  offered  her  services  as  a  nurse  to  the 
local  doctors  in  emergency  and  needy  cases  free  of  cost.  This 
brought  little  response  and  again  she  was  disappointed.    Most 


of  the   medical   men   dispensed   their   own   drugs  and   so   had 
little  need  of  her. 

After  several  more  years  of  struggle  people  began  to  call  on 
her  as  an  emergency  nurse  in  surgical  and  medical  cases  and 
slie  became  acquainted  with  every  one.  She  finally  became 
assistant  at  major  cases  and  gave  anesthetics  for  minor  cases. 
It  was  not  possible  for  her  to  go  elsewhere  as  the  failing 
health  of  her  mother  prevented,  and  upon  her  death  Miss 
Kennedy  pledged  herself  not  to  leave  her  father.  Mr.  Ken- 
nedy died  a  year  ago.  .Mong  with  her  drug  store  work  she 
accepted  a  position  of  visiting  nurse  for  an  insurance  company 
the  past  year  besides  other  special  work.  During  the  Spring 
Miss  Kennedy  was  unfortunate  enough  to  be  in  the  flooded 
district  and  lost  considerable,  having  had  eight  feet  of  water 
in  the  store,  which  is  located  on  one  of  the  prominent  corners. 
Since  this  time  she  has  moved  to  higher  territory  about  one 
and  one-half  miles  distant,  where  the  prospects  of  a  good 
business  are  very  encouraging. 

During  the  flood  Miss  Kennedy  was  the  only  woman  to 
serve  on  the  relief  committee  as  chairman  of  furniture  and 
fi.xtures.  She  investigated  conditions  in  about  400  homes,  and 
during  the  actual  time  of  the  flood  visited  all  the  sick  in 
public  places,  box  cars,  etc.,  and  signed  applications  for  clothing 
and  bedding  for  the  needy. 

At  the  request  of  the  State  Association  for  the  Study  and 
Prevention  of  Tuberculosis,  she  is  now  organizing  a  county 
society. 

In  speaking  of  her  experience.  Miss  Kennedy  says: 

"I  feel  that  my  experience  in  the  drug  business  has 
been  wonderful,  but  for  the  burden  I  have  had  to 
carry,  which  at  times  seemed  an  impossibility.  I 
would  advise  women  to  seek  its  study  but  would  not 
like  to  see  others  share  what  I  have  shared.  However, 
it  has  made  me  a  better  woman,  a  better  nurse,  and 
a  better  druggist.  Perhaps  more  flattering  positions 
would  not  have  done  this.  As  a  profession  for  women, 
I  could  suggest  nothing  more  interesting,  but  as  a 
conductor  of  the  business  it  all  depends  upon  the 
woman,  finance  and  location." 


Canadian  Girl  Gains  Success. 


MISS  MARION  LE  PATOUREL,  Phm.B.,   is  associated 
with   her  father  in  his  retail  drug  business  in  Burling- 
ton, a  thriving  place  on  Burlington  Bay  near  the  west- 
ern  end  of  Lake  Ontario 

Upon  finishing  school,  Miss  Le  Patourel  found  herself  with 
a  good  deal  of  unoccupied 
time  on  her  hands,  and  hav- 
ing long  been  at  home  in  the 
store  atmosphere,  it  was  quite 
natural  that  she  should  give 
her  father  such  assistance  as 
lay  within  her  power  at  this 
time. 

Seeing  her  natural  aptitude 
for  the  work,  Mr.  Le  Patourel 
registered  his  daughter's  name 
in  the  Ontario  College  of 
Pharmacy  at  Toronto  and  in 
due  course  of  time  she  en- 
tered and  successfully  com- 
pleted a  very  satisfactory 
course.  She  is  now  prepared 
to  render  material  skilled  as- 
sistance and  to  take  her  share 
of  the  responsibility. 

Miss  Le  Patourel  finds  the  Miss  Le  Patourel 

work    pleasant    and    not    un- 
duly taxing.     If  a  hard  day's  work  sometimes  leaves  her  a  bit 
weary,  she  reflects  upon  the  advantage  of  association  with  her 
father  and  being  able  to  regulate  conditions  and  hours  as  seems 
best. 

The  Canadian  woman  pharmacist  is  rapidly  coming  to  the 
fore,  and  by  earnest,  conscientious  work  is  demonstrating  her 
fitness  for  the  work. 


^%/^mmJM■:iiV!^:iA^li\^J.■^\^i*WJ!^^ 


N.  A.  M.  M.  P.  Considers  Proposed  National  Legislation. 


Members  and  Guests  of  the  N  A.M.M.P.    at  the  Annual  Banquet   at   the    Waldorf-Astoria,  New    York   City. 


DR.  HENRY  C.  LOVIS,  president  of  Seabury  &  Johnson, 
was  unanimously  elected  president  of  the  National  As- 
sociation of  Manufacturers  of  Medicinal  Products  at 
that  organization's  third  annual  meeting  held  at  the  Wa'dorf- 
Astoria  hotel,  Feb.  10  and  11.  J.  K.  Lilly,  president  of  Eli 
Lilly  &  Co.,  was  elected  vice-president;  Charles  M.  Woodruff, 
legal  adviser  for  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  secretary ;  A.  R.  Dohme, 
president  of  Sharp  &  Dohme,  and  Adolph  G.  Rosengarten, 
treasurer,  Powers-Weightmann-Rosengarten  Co.,  members  of 
the   e.xecutive   committee. 

In  his  annual  address.  President  Frank  G.  Ryan  asserted 
that  the  association  shou'd  enter  a  protest  in  reference  to 
the  ruling  that  sandalwood  used  in  making  sandal  oil  for 
medicinal  purposes  shall  pay  a  duty  of  20  per  cent,  because 
the  oil  is  used  in  the  making  of  perfumes.  "The  proposed 
duty  would  entirely  destroy  an  industry  that  even  under  the 
old  tariff  was  only  carried  on  in  the  United  States  for  the 
purpose  of  securing  a  pure  product  and  not  from  an  eco- 
nomical standpoint." 

President  Ryan  recommended  that  the  association  go  on 
record  as  opposed  to  any  change  in  the  Food  and  Drugs 
Act  which  will  repeal  the  so-called  variation  clause.  He 
said:  "To  those  who  have  not  given  care  ul  study  to  this 
subject  the  suggestion  may  seem  desirable;  but  when  care- 
fully e.xamined  it  will  be  found  that  its  effect  will  be  very 
far-reaching,  and,  in  fact,  will  prohibit  the  sale  of  large 
classes  of  medicinal  products,  such  as  the  mother  tinctures 
of  the  homeopathic  physician,  and  specific  tinctu''es  of  the 
eclectics,  and  any  improved  pharmaceutical  or  chemical  pro- 
duct not  conforming  to  the  standards  of  the  Pharmacopoeia 
or  National  Formulary,  thus  stifling  all  progress  until  such 
time  as  those  in  authority  may  see  fit  to  recognize  such 
improvements." 

Mr.  Ryan  asked  that  the  association  indorse  the  Harrison 
bill  and  urge  its  passage  by  the  Senate.  He  recommended 
that  the  organization  approve  of  the  Drug  Trade  Conference 
and  continue  to  lend  its  support  thereto.  "The  Harrison  bill 
was  the  result  of  the  work  of  the  Drug  Trade  Conference 
in    which    this    association    was   represented    by    a    very    active 


committee.  It  is  my  opinion  that  the  conference  has  more 
than  justified  itself  and  by  its  work  has  shown  that  it  pre- 
sents a  clearing-house  where  all  branches  of  the  drug  trade 
can  meet  on  equal  terms  and  present  their  views  and  formu- 
late policies  acceptable  to  all." 

The  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  on  the  question  of  con- 
trol of  retail  prices  by  manufacturers  of  proprietary  products 
did  not  appear  to  the  president  to  be  either  wise  or  just. 
"Certain'y  nothing  will  more  quickly  kill  a  product  or  com- 
modity proprietary  in  character  than  the  cut-price  sale  of 
the  same  by  department  and  retail  stores.  I  am  convinced 
that  manufacturers  should  be  given  the  right  to  control  the 
retail  price  of  tiieir  products."  Mr.  Ryan  recommended  that 
the  association  approve  of  the  control  of  retail  prices  of  pro- 
prietary   products    by    the    manufacturers    thereof. 

In  pointing  out  the  importance  of  diligent  work  to  attain 
uniform  Federal  and  State  legislation,  Pres'dent  Ryan  re- 
ferred to  the  condition  brought  about  by  the  daily  press  with 
reference  to  the  sale  of  bichloride  of  mercury  as  a  good  illus- 
tration. 'We  are  very  likely  to  have  a  score  of  different  laws 
in  various  States  and  municipalities,  each  differing  from  the 
other,  where  in  fact  no  law  on  the  subject  is  necessary,  the 
agitation  of  the  subject  having  resulted  from  sensational 
newspaper  articles  which  in  themselves  are  the  real  cause  of 
most  of  the  deaths  by  the  means  referred  to.  *  *  *  Laws 
on  the  subject  will  not  protect  the  care'ess  or  the  person  bent 
on   taking  his  own   life." 

On  account  of  the  increasing  exportation  of  chemical  and 
pharmaceutical  products  and  the  difficulty  of  protecting  trade- 
marks in  foreign  countries  President  Ryan  considered  it  de- 
sirable for  the  LTnited  States  to  become  a  party  to  the  agree- 
ment for  the  registration  of  international  trade-marks  through 
the  international  bureau  established  at  Berne,  Switzerland.  He 
recommended  that  the  association  do  all  in  its  power  to  bring 
to  the  attention  of  the  proper  authorities  at  Washington  the 
desirability  of  the  United  States  becoming  a  party  to  this 
agreement.  In  concluding  his  report,  President  Ryan  also 
recommended  that  the  dues  for  the  present  year  be  suspended. 

Secretary  Woodruff  presented  an  extensive  report  which  was 


112 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


circulated  in  printed  form  among  the  members.  Two  firms 
joined  the  association  during  the  past  year  and  one  with- 
drew; there  are  now  30  members.  Mr.  Woodruff  pointed 
out  that  the  organization's  "relations  with  «ister  organizations 
have  been  exceedingly  amiable,  and  have  made  membership 
in  this  Association  not  only  a  social  but  a  commercial  asset." 
He  reviewed  legislative  work  performed  in  behalf  of  the  as- 
sociation during  the  past  year,  referring  in  particular  to  the 
defeat  of  disinfectant  legislation  in  Missouri,  the  defeat  of 
an  Iowa  measure  that  would  have  killed  pharmaceutical  in- 
dustry in  that  State,  enlarged  upon  the  solicitation  for  co- 
operation in  opposing  disinfectant  and  anti-narcotic  legisla- 
tion in  Pennsylvania,  reported  the  protest  by  the  secretary  to 
President  Wilson  against  the  provision  of  the  Civil  Appro- 
priation Act  forbidding  the  use  of  any  portion  of  the  appro- 
priation to  prosecute  violations  of  the  Sherman  Anti-trust  law 
by  certain  classes,  explained  the  status  of  the  question  respect- 
ing Cuban  regulations  of  pharmacy,  elaborated  upon  the 
attack  upon  the  guaranty  clause  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act 
and  also  presented  pertinent  information  upon  the  poison 
postal  regulation,  Treasury  decision  No.  33456,  the  forced 
disclosure  of  trade  secrets  to  Federal  officers  and  miscellaneous 
matters. 

In  his  report  as  chairman  of  the  committee  on  legislation, 
Mr.  Woodruff  pointed  out  that  the  pure  advertising  legisla- 
tion was  one  of  those  measures  against  which  there  can  seem 
to  be  no  reasonable  objection,  and  yet  for  which  there  is  no 
reason  founded  in  sound  government.  The  distinctions  be- 
tween public  wrong  and  private  wrong  have  been  entirely  lost 
sight  of  and  a  crime  has  been  made  of  an  act  which  naturally 
can  never  amount  to  anything  more  than  a  private  wrong 
and  for  which  a  civil  remedy  has  always  existed.  The  mes- 
sage of  Governor  Haines  of  Maine  in  vetoing  the  bill  deserves, 
reported  Mr.  Woodruff,  to  be  preserved  in  the  archives  of 
the  association.  The  Sherley  amendment,  net  weight  acts 
affecting  drugs,  uniform  legislation,  insecticide  legislation, 
anti-narcotic  legislation,  and  portending  legislation.  Mr. 
WoodrufTs  report  was  referred  to  the  executive  committee  to 
report  back  to  the  whole  association  their  recommendations  at 
a  subsequent  session. 

Mr.  Woodruff,  J.  Fred  Windolph  and  Frank  R.  Eldred 
were  the  association's  delegates  to  the  House  of  Delegates 
of  the  A. Ph.  A.  The  first  named  presented  the  report  of 
the  delegation.  Treasurer  Henry  C.  Lovis  reported  a  balance 
on  hand  to  date  of  $9,197.  The  report  of  the  delegates  to 
the  National  Drug  Trade  Conference,  Adolph  G.  Rosengarten, 
Dr.  A.  R.  L.  Dohrae  and  Charles  M.  Woodruff,  was  presented 
by  Mr.  Woodruff.  In  behalf  of  the  executive  committee  Mr. 
Woodruff  presented  a  number  of  resolutions  which  were 
unanimously  adopted,  the  first  referring  to  the  U.S.  vs.  Parke, 
Davis  &  Co.  suit  for  mailing  heroin  contrary  to  law.  They 
were  in  brief: 

RESOLVED,  That  this  Association  recommend  to  its  members 
and  the  trade  generally  that,  pending  a  determination  of  the 
issues  involved  in  this  suit  no  opium  or  coca  leaves,  their  salts, 
derivatives  or  preparations  be  sent  by  mail;  but  that  pharmacists, 
physicians,  dentists  and  veterinarians  be  required  to  secure  such 
medicinal  preparations,  however  urgent  the  case,  or  however 
remote  they  may  be  from  express  or  freight  offices,  by  other 
means   of  transportation;    and   be    it   further 

RESOLVED,  That  this  Association,  confiding  in  his  sense  of 
fairness  and  justice,  respectfully  petition  the  President  of  the 
United  States  to  use  his  influence  with  the  Postmaster  General 
to  give  the  drug  trade  and  medical  and  allied  professions  the 
deserved  relief  contemplated  by  the  Congress  of  the  United  States 
when    it    incorporated    the    present    law    in    the    penal    code. 

In  the  preamble  to  this  resolution  it  is  pointed  out  that  manu- 
facturers, wholesale  and  retail  druggists  have  lawfully  mailed 
orders  of  valuable  therapeutic  agents  which  in  over  doses  may 
be  considered  poisons,  to  their  respective  business  and  profes- 
sional customers,  and  that  this  custom  so  long  and  generally 
observed  has  never  resulted  in  a  single  reported  case  of  injury 
*  *  •  ;  that  the  manufacture,  sale  and  use  according  to  the 
direction  of  skilful  physicians  of  medicinal  agents,  the  most 
valuable  of  which  are  often  virulent  poisons  in  large  doses, 
is  universally  recognized  as  humane  and  beneficent  *  *  *;  that 
the  various  drug  interests  of  the  Country  have  been  and  still 
are  urging  the  Postmaster  General  to  promulgate  a  reasonable 
rule  to  carry  out  the  intention  of  Congress  not  to  exclude  medi- 
cinal preparations  from  the  mail;  that  the  Postoffice  department 
has  repeatedly  assured  the  trade  that  the  mailing  of  medicinal 
preparations  containing  poisons  in  small  proportions  would  not 
be  considered  as  coming  under  the  operation  of  the  law;  that 
manufacturers  and  dealers  have  been  continuing  a  custom  to 
the  advantage  of  physicians  and  dealers,  especially  those  in 
remote  places  not  readily  accessible  *  *  *,  not  dreaming  they 
were  violating  in  spirit  or  letter  any  positive  law  as  they  cer- 
tainly were  not  any  moral  law,  and  that  proceedings  have  re- 
cently been   begun  against  one  of  the  members   of  the   association 


for  mailing  an  alleged  poison,  by  reason  of  a  package  of  narcotic 
tablets  alleged  to  have  been  mailed  to  a  regular  wholesale 
druggist  customer,  notwithstanding  the  existing  regulation  which 
seems    to    admit    narcotics    to    the    mail. 

By  resolution,  tlie  association  went  on  record  as  opposed  to 
any  provision  in  tlie  U.S. P.  or  N.F.  prescribing  the  shape, 
size  or  color  of  mercuric  bicliloride  or  otlier  poisonous  tablets, 
or  shape,  size  or  color  of  the  packages  in  which  they  sliall  be 
furnished, 

"Human  ingenuity  cannot  devise  any  plan  or  scheme  more  likely 
to  prevent  poisoning  by  mistake  than  the  manufacturers  have 
already  adopted;  and  we  believe  that  the  most  effective  way  to 
further  minimize  the  dangers  attending  the  manufacture,  market- 
ing and  dispensing  of  poisonous  tablets  is  to  enforce  the  present 
State  laws  when  necessary,  and  above  all,  to  inaugurate  a  cam- 
paign of  'safely  tirst*  education,  for  the  purpose  of  eliminating 
the  element  of  human  carelessness  on  the  part  of  the  public,  which 
carelessness   no  law  or  regulation  can  of  itself  correct." 

The  resolution  expresses  the  belief  that  more  can  be  accom- 
plislied  by  urging  the  public  to  keep  poisons  entirely  out  of 
the  houses  as  much  as  possible,  and  suggests  legislation  making 
the  possession  of  stated  poisons,  except  in  some  special  recep- 
tacle, suitably  marked,  a  misdemeanor.  The  association 
heartily  supported  the  resolutions  passed  by  the  National  Drug 
Trade  Conference  requesting  the  newspapers  of  the  country 
to  omit  details  with  respect  to  murders  and  suicides. 

Relative  to  a  recommendation  anent  duty  on  sandalwood 
logs  contained  in  the  president's  address,  it  was  resolved  that 
it  was  the  sense  of  the  association  that  sandalwood  logs 
should  be  so  classified  as  to  be  admitted  free  of  duty.  Sophis- 
tication of  sandalwood  oil  as  found  in  the  foreign  markets 
for  many  years  has  caused  some  pharmaceutical  manufacturers 
to  import  sandalwood  logs  from  Mysore,  India,  and  distil  the 
oil  exclusively  for  manufacturing  purposes.  It  is  now  pro- 
posed to  assess  sandalwood  in  the  log  as  a  substance  in  the 
manufacture  of  perfumes  20  per  cent,  ad  valorem,  whereas 
the  primary  use  of  the  logs  as  imported  into  the  United  States 
is  for  medicinal  purposes. 

The  association  reaffirmed  its  belief  in  the  equity  and  justice 
of  paragraph  first  of  Section  7  of  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs 
Act,  respecting  drugs  sold  under  names  recognized  in  the 
U.S. P.  and  N.F. 

"This  section  as  it  now  reads  entitles  the  druggist  or  physician 
to  understand  that  any  such  drug  conforms  to  the  standards  men- 
tioned, unless  notice  of  the  actual  standard  be  indicated  upon  the 
label.  .  .  .  The  elimination  from  this  paragraph  of  what  is 
known  as  the  'Variation  Provision'  would  change  the  entire  pur- 
pose of  the  law  and  make  the  paragraph  in  intent  and  effect  one 
to  forbid  a  druggist  from  furnishing  and  a  physician  from  pur- 
chasing a  drug  of  a  strength,  either  lower  or  higher,  that  in  his 
judgment  was  preferable  to. that  recognized  in  the  U.S. P.  or  N.F. 
.  .  .  The  variation  clause  contained  in  the  Federal  Act  has 
been  incorporated  in  two-thirds  of  the  States'  laws  and  other 
States  are  gradually  incorporating  it  in  their  laws,  despite  the 
opposition  of  factions  this  association  believes  to  be  either  mis- 
guided  or   malevolent." 

The  above  resolution  expresses  the  protest  of  the  association 
against  the  propaganda  to  eliminate  the  "variation  clause," 
and  urges  upon  "our  Congressmen  and  the  members  of  otir 
State  legislature  to  study  the  subject  thoroughly  and  to  con- 
sider well  the  effect  of  such  elimination ;  .  .  .  And  we 
further  urge  upon  the  Legislature  of  those  States  which  have 
not  adopted  the  provision  to  do  so  as  soon  as  possible,  point- 
ing out  to  them  the  fact  that  the  provision  without  the  varia- 
tion clause  has  come  to  be  a  dead  letter  as  founded  in  wrong 
and  injustice  and  as  probably  unconstitutional  in  that,  without 
any  reason  founded  in  public  policy,  it  favors  one  class  of 
drugs  over  another  equally  worthy." 

The  association  approved  Senate  Finance  Committee  reprint 
of  so-called  Harrison  Bill  No.  6282,  as  amended  by  the  Na- 
tional Drug  Trade  Conference  at  its  recent  meeting  in  Wash- 
ington Jan.  13,  1914. 

"And  we  request  Section  6  of  said  bill  be  amended  so  that 
1/12  grain  heroin  shall  read  H  grain  heroin;  but  we  oppose  efforts 
we  understand  are  being  made  to  make  the  terra  read  %  grain 
heroin,  because  in  our  opinion  J4  grain  is  the  proper  exemption 
and  meets  every  legitimate  requirement  of  medicine  and  phar- 
macy;  while   it   is   the   exemption   usually   allowed   in   State   laws." 

The  association  approved  of  the  Drug  Trade  Conference, 
authorized  its  support  thereto,  authorized  the  continuance  of 
the  present  delegates  to  the  conference  until  after  the  first 
meeting  of  the  conference  in  1915,  and  the  president  was 
authorized  to  appoint  three  delegates  whose  terms  of  office 
shall  begin  immediately  after  the  above  extended  terms  of 
office,   have   been   completed. 

The   executive  committee  was  instructed  to  take   what   steps 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


113 


may  seem  advisable  to  promote  the  joining  of  the  United 
States  of  America  as  a  party  to  the  convention  for  inter- 
national trade-marks  through  the  International  Bureau  estab- 
lished at  Berne,   Switzerland. 

The  association  reaffirmed  its  approval  of  the  efforts  of  the 
National  One-Cent  Letter  Postage  Association  at  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  to  secure  a  rate  of  one  cent  on  letters,  etc.,  where  the 
rate  of  two  cents  now  prevails. 

A  memorial  respecting  the  operation  of  the  Federal  serum 
laws  was  adopted.     It  pointed  out  that : 

"In  serum  therapy  the  field  of  opinion  is  just  as  large  with 
respect  to  product  and  processes.  .  .  .  This  association  holds 
that  when  Congress  passed  these  Serum  Acts  it  intended  only  to 
assure  the  public  that  serums,  vaccines,  toxins,  antitoxins,  etc., 
should  be  made  by  skilled  experts  under  conditions  insuring  the 
highest  degree  of  quality  and  purity  and  the  greatest  possible  free- 
dom from  foreign  contaminating  substances;  and  to  that  end  to  license 
the  laboratory  rather  than  the  product  issued  from  the  laboratory; 
to  authorize  a  system  of  inspection  and  inquiry  that  should  de- 
termine the  efficiency  of  those  by  whom  and  the  sanitary  conditions 
under  which  these  products  were  produced.  It  did  not  intend  to  grant 
any  power  to  compel  the  disclosure  of  lawful  trade  secrets;  nor 
the  power  to  enter  the  field  of  controversy  and  exclude  from 
commerce  any  product  that  in  the  opinion  of  the  licensing  power, 
was  not  efficacious,  or  not  made  by  a  favored  process. 
This  association  submits  that  the  facilities  possessed  by  the 
manufacturers  are  equal  to  those  of  the  Government:  .  .  .; 
and  that  there  is  no  reason  founded  in  public  policy  why_  the 
processes  and  products  approved  by  these  experts  should  be  officially 
condemned  because  their  opinions  may  not  conform  to  the  opinions 
of  those  w^ho,  for  the  time  being,  happen  to  be  in  power. 
Trade  secrets  disclosed  to  an  official  inspector  soon  become  common 
property — a  distinct  discouragement  to  that  initiative  and  enter- 
prise which  it  is  one  of  the  objects  of  this  association  to  foster 
and  promote."  (A  penal  provision  should  be  introduced  into  the 
acts  referred  to  to  prevent  the  disclosure  of  information  of  the  above 
character.)  "This  association  further  believes  that  these  laws 
should  be  amended  so  as  to  make  it  clear  beyond  contention  that 
nothing  contained  in  them  shall  give  the  Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ury and  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  respectively,  or  any  officer 
or'board  operating  under  them,  the  power  to  compel  any  propagator 
or  manufacturer  to  disclose  his  processes;  or  to  follow  and  adopt 
a  particular  process;  or  to  discard  the  marketing  of  a  particular 
form  of  serum,   toxin,  vaccine,   antitoxin,  etc. 

Bv  resolution,  the  association  petitioned  Congress  to  pass 
H.R.  Bill  10,310,  introduced  Dec.  11,  1913,  and  referred  to 
the  committee  on  patents  as  being  absolutely  necessary  to 
correct  the  evils  of  the  act  approved  Sept.  18,  1913,  entitled: 
"An  act  providing  for  the  free  importation  of  articles  intended 
for  foreign  buildings  and  exhibits  at  the  Panama-Pacific  In- 
ternational Exhibition,  and  for  the  protection  of  foreign 
exhibitors." 

.\  resolution,  proposed  by  John  F.  Queeny,  of  the  Mon- 
santo Chemical  Works,  was  adopted  and  referred  to  the 
executive  committee.  It  instructed  the  secretary  to  take  up 
with  the  proper  authorities  in  Washington  the  question  if  the 
ruling  affecting  saccharin  should  not  be  changed,  so  as  to  be 
in  accordance  with  the  findings  of  the  Referee  Board. 

The  subject  of  changing  the  date  of  annual  meeting  to  the 
first  week  of  February,  instead  of  the  second,  due  to  Lin- 
coln's Birthday  falling  in  the  latter,  was  left  to  the  executive 
committee  for  action. 

Delegates  were  received  as  follows:  .American  Pharma- 
ceutical Association,  Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington;  Proprietary 
Association  of  America,  Orient  C.  Pinckney  and  Harry  B. 
Thompson,  attorney,  the  latter  addressing  the  association ; 
American  .\ssociation  of  Pharmaceutical  Chemists,  George  C. 
Hall,  and  National  Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  Samuel 
C.  HeiuTf.  Professor  Remington  also  delivered  an  interesting 
address  on   "The   Present   Status  of  the  Pharmacopoeia." 

The  association  held  its  annual  banquet  at  the  Waldorf- 
Astoria,  about  55  members  and  guests  attending.  The  speak- 
ers were  Hon.  Herman  A.  Metr,  former  Congressman  Wm.  S. 
Beimett,  Chief  Judge  Isaac  Franklin  Russell  and  Caswell  A. 
Mayo.  Henry  C.  Lovis,  the  new  president,  was  installed  in 
office.  Ex-president  Ryan  officiated  as  toastmaster.  Con- 
gressman Metz  talked  on  pending  anti-trust  legislation,  and 
urged  the  members  to  keep  in  touch  with  the  administration's 
measures  in  this  direction  as  they  would  affect  their  business 
as  well  as  all  other  commercial  enterprises.  Former  Con- 
gressman Bennett  made  a  speech  full  of  wit  and  humor,  but 
based  his  remarks  upon  the  serious  contention  that  now,  more 
than  ever  before,  is  the  time  Congress  needs  "specialists," 
men  who  possessed  intimate  knowledge  of  the  industry  and 
trade  with  which  they  were  connected.  Judge  Russell  pointed 
out  how  difficult  it  was  to  discover  the  source  of  supply  for 
the  narcotics  used  by  crimina's  detained  in  prison.  He  be- 
lieved  it   would   soon   be   made    impossible   to   obtain   narcotics 


except  in  the  legitimate  channels  of  the  drug  trade.  Mr.  Mayo 
urged  the  necessity  of  well-conceived  and  effective  legislation 
for  the  control  of  narcotic  sales,  deploring  the  tendency  toward 
haphazard  "regulation"  on  the  part  of  legislators  not  well 
grounded  in  the  facts  as  to  the  "evil"  they  were  attempting 
to  control. 

Those  who  were  present  at  the  banquet,  the  majority  of 
whom  were  also  in  daily  attendance  at  the  convention,   were: 

Edward  Zink,  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.;  Ernest  W.  Bradford, 
P.. A. A.,  Indianapolis;  L.  N.  Upjohn,  Upjohn  Co.,  Kalamazoo, 
Mich.;  Dr.  Light;  W.  E.  Upjohn,  Upjohn  Co.;  A.  M.  Hance, 
Hance  Bros.  &  WTiite,  Philadelphia;  Oscar  Smith,  Parke, 
Davis  &  Co.;  H.  B.  Thompson,  P. A. A.;  S.  C.  Henry,  N.A. 
R.D.,  Philadelphia;  B.  L.  Murray,  Merck  &  Co.,  Rahway, 
N.  J.;  E.  H.  Nelson,  Nelson,  Baker  &  Co.,  Detroit;  Robert  J. 
Seabury,  Seabury  &  Johnson,  New  York :  Dr.  Hy.  C.  Lovis, 
Seaburj-  &  Johnson;  Judge  Isaac  Franklin  Russell;  Dr.  A. 
R.  L.  Dohme,  Sharp  &  Dohme,  Baltimore;  Hon.  Herman  A. 
Metz;  Frank  G.  Ryan,  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  Detroit;  Hon.  Wra. 
S.  Bennett ;  Charles  M.  Woodruff,  Parke,  Da\Ts  &  Co. ;  Cas- 
well A.  Mayo,  president-elect  A.Ph.A. ;  Frank  E.  Halliday, 
N.W.D.A.;  George  C.  Hall,  A.A.P.C,  Zemmer  Co.,  Pitts- 
burgh ;  George  G.  Williams,  E.  L.  Patch  Co.,  Boston ;  Way- 
land  Steams,  Frederick  Steams  &  Co.,  Detroit;  W.  W.  Jones; 

D.  O.  Haynes,  D.  O.  Ha\-nes  &  Co.,  New  York;  J.  W.  Dr>s- 
dale,  J.  W.  Drysdale  &  Co.,  London;  R.  C.  Stofer,  Norwich 
Pharmacal  Co.,  Norwich,  N.  Y. :  J.  Fred  Windolph,  Norwich 
Pharmacal  Co. ;  E.  L.  Benjamin,  New  York  City ;  J.  B. 
Dakin ;  Jesse  L.  Hopkins,  J.  L.  Hopkins  &  Co.,  New  York 
City;  J.  H.  Cox,  Tilden  Co.,  New  Lebanon,  N.  Y. ;  Chas.  J. 
Lynn,  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  Indianapolis;  C.  A.  Loring,  Powers- 
Weightmaim-Rosengarten  Co.,  Philadelphia;  Frank  M.  Bell, 
Armour  &  Co.,  Chicago;  Romaine  Pierson,  New  York;  Frank 
L.  McCartney,  Sharp  &  Dohme,  New  York;  Mr.  Foy;  T.  E. 
Grossman ;  E.  J.  Kennedy,  Jr.,  New  York ;  W.  P.  Steams, 
Steams  &  WTiite  Co.,  Chicago;  Dwight  F.  Scott,  National 
Vaccine  &  Antitoxin  Institute,  New  York;  A.  E.  Remick, 
Bauer  &  Black,  Chicago;  Dr.  A.  S.  Burdick,  Abbott  Alka- 
loidal  Co.,  Chicago;  H.  J.  Woodward,  .'Mlaire,  Woodward  & 
Co.,  Peoria,  111.;  H.  C.  Moore;  Louis  Ruhl.  Roessler  & 
Hasslacher  Chemical  Co.,  New  York ;  George  Simon.  Heyden 
Chemical  Works,  New  York;  E.  J.  Moller;  Robert  Du  Bois; 
John  F.  Queeny,  iMonsanto  Chemical  Works,  St.  Louis;  Mr. 
Wasserscheid,  Mallinckrodt  Chemical  Works,   St.  Louis;   Chas. 

E.  Caspari,  St.  Louis;  Franklin  Black,  Charles  F.  Pfizer  & 
Co.,  Brooklyn. 


GETTING   BEADY    FOR    THE    N.A.E.D. 


The  Philadelphia  Retailers'  .\ssociation  are  making  their 
plans  for  the  National  convention  to  be  held  in  that  city 
during  the  week  of  Aug.  17.  The  following  committees  have 
been   appointed  to  take   charge   of   the   arrangements: 

Local  committee.  Charles  Rehfuss,  chairman;  J.  H.  Barlow, 
secretary;  D.  J.  Reese,  treasiu-er;  exhibition,  M.  D.  Allen, 
chairman;  R.  W.  White,  S.  B.  Davis,  J.  H.  Barlow;  regis- 
tration, D.  J.  Reese,  chairman;  F.  W.  Fluck,  George  W.  Fehr, 
W.  A.  Carpenter;  entertainment.  Otto  Krauss,  chairman; 
W.  E.  Lee,  O.  W.  Osterlund,  Theodore  Campbell. 

The  work  is  progressing  rapidly  and  all  indications  point  to 
a  successful  convention.  The  committee  on  exhibition  have 
already  received  numerous  applications  for  booths,  some  of  the 
early  birds  being  The  Welch  Grape  Juice  Co.,  Borden's 
Malted  Milk  Co.,  E.  R.  Squibb  &  Sons,  Valentine  H.  Smith 
&  Co.,  Johnson  &  Johnson,  Smith,  Kline  &  French,  Colgate 
&  Co.,  Tryalax  Mfg.  Co.,  DeVilbiss  Mfg.  Co.  and  the  French 
Lick  Springs  Hotel  Co. 

BOSTON  CHAPTER,  W.O.N.A.B.D. 


Boston  Chapter  of  the  W.O.N.A.R.D.  met  Feb.  19  at  the 
Hotel  Vendome,  and  the  members  were  given  an  instructive 
lecture  on  "Mexico"  by  Mrs.  Eudora  Utley,  who  has  spent 
much  time  in  that  agitated  country.  Music  was  furnished  by 
Miss  Mildred  Noonan.  At  the  social  hour  following  Mrs. 
Jessie  Waterhouse,  Mrs.  J.  H.  Green,  Mrs,  Trueman  Hayes 
and  Mrs.  Bertha  Morrison  poured  tea.  Mrs.  .Adelaide  M. 
Godding.  1st  president  of  the  W.O.N.A.R.D.,  was  a  guest, 
together  with  a  number  of  presidents  of  women's  organizations 
in  Boston 


lU 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


Mostly  Personal 


Dr.  W.  A.  Hoelscher,  Fairy  Godfather. 


—  Dr.  William  A.  Hoelscher,  who  was  formerly  a  vice- 
president  o'  the  St.I.R.D.  A.,  and  is  now  the  president,  is 
one  of  those  physicians  who  has  made  a  success  both  of  the 
practice  of  medicine  and  the  conducting  of  retail  drug  stores. 
The  biggest  thing  in  Dr.  Hoelscher's  career  is  the  fact  that  he 
has  helped  others  to  success  in  building 

a  his  own  success.  When  a  very  young 
man  he  often  wished  that  some  generous 
man  of  means  would  give  him  a  boost 
on  the  road  to  a  career,  but  that  gen- 
erous party  didn't  come  around.  Dr. 
Hoelscher  buckled  down  to  the  grind, 
however,  and  determined  to  be  that 
generous  man  he  was  looking  for  him- 
self, and  after  a  while  he  arrived.  The 
man  who  had  wished  for  a  boost  found 
in  himself  the  man  to  give  himself  the 
boost  and  he  boosted.  Result,  he  soon 
had  a  drug  store  of  his  own.  He  built 
up    his    business    until    he    had    three 

clerks,  No.  1,  No.  2  and  No.  3.  His 
Dr.  Hoelscher  store  organization  was  so  proficient  he 
could  go  right  ahead  with  his  medical 
practice,  and  he  did  for  IS  years.  During  this  15  years  he 
was  adding  drug  store  after  drug  store  to  a  chain  of  stores, 
doing  for  other  young  men  that  thing  he  had  once  wished 
some  other  good  fellow  of  means  would  do  for  him.  His  plan 
worked  like  this:  After  No.  1  clerk  had  worked  several  years 
and  began  growing  a  hardy  ambition  to  own  a  store  of  his 
own.  Dr.  Hoelscher  organized  himself  into  a  committee  of 
encouragement  and  gave  financial  assistance  to  Clerk  No.  1 
in  opening  a  store  of  his  own.  A  year  or  so  later  Clerk  No.  2, 
who  had  become  Clerk  No.  1  in  Store  No.  1,  felt  an  ambition 
to  have  a  store  of  his  own.  Again  Good  Fairy  Dr.  Hoelscher, 
remembering  the  day  when  he  had  wished  for  some  one  to 
give  him  a  boost,  revived  that  old  committee  of  one — himself — • 
which  he  had  originally  formed  to  set  up  the  first  Clerk  No.  1 
in  business  and  then  he  set  up  the  second  Clerk  No.  1  in  a 
store  of  his  own.  There  were  now  three  Hoelscher  stores. 
Old  Clerk  No.  3  had  moved  up  to  No.  2  and  then  No.  1,  and 
pretty  soon  he  was  given  a  boost  in  a  store  of  his  own.  And 
so  it  went  on  until  12  clerks  had  worked  their  way  up  to  a 
store  of  their  own,  each  receiving  assistance  from  Dr.  Hoel- 
scher. This  was  how  the  Dr.  Hoelscher  chain  of  drug  stores 
came  into  e.xistence. 

Says  Dr.  Hoelscher:  "It  wasn't  purely  a  financial  propo- 
sition; it  was  a  mutual  working  together  for  myself  and  for 
the  men  successively  in  my  employ  whom  I  trusted.  The 
remarkable  thing  about  this  experience  is  that  not  one  of  the 
men  whom  I  boosted  failed  to  make  good.  Of  course,  I  was 
very  careful.  I  demanded  that  my  men  be  not  only  capable 
but  also  honest.  A  man  may  have  great  ability  but  if  he  is 
not  honest,  he  won't  make  a  success,  or  at  least  he  won't  do, 
and  his  employer  soon  finds  him  out.  A  man  may  be  honest 
but  not  have  ability.  Now  that  is  unfortunate.  It  takes 
both  honesty  and  ability  to  succeed.  I  watched  my  clerks  for 
these  qualities.  Sometimes  a  clerk  was  promoted  to  No.  2 
before  I  found  that  he  did  not  have  just  the  business  capacity 
I  demanded  or  the  proper  understanding  of  his  profession, 
but  as  a  rule  no  man  unfitted  for  the  business  got  so  far  as 
No.  2  before  I  discovered  his  weakness  in  the  drug  business. 
You  know,  some  men  get  into  the  drug  business  who  have 
fine  qualities  both  in  character  and  in  business  ability  who 
are  not  just  peculiarly  fitted  for  success  in  the  drug  business. 
My  policy  worked  so  well  that  I  always  had  good,  even  ex- 
cellent, men  in  No.  1  clerkship.  Now  nearly  all  of  the  12 
have  paid  out,  and  I  no  longer  have  a  big  chain  of  stores. 
In  fact,  my  principal  interest  now  is  in  my  old  drug  store, 
the   Phoenix   pharmacy,    at    Jefferson    and    Cass   avenues." 

Dr.  Hoelscher  has  been  for  several  years  in  the  cigar  jobbing 
business.  He  wanted  to  find  a  good  business  for  his  son, 
William   A.  Hoelscher,   Jr.,  now  about   18  years   old.     The  lad 


didn't  take  much  to  the  drug  business.  Dr.  Hoelscher  got  in 
behind  him  and  pushed  the  cigar  jobbing  business  of  William 
.•\.  Hoclsclier  Cigar  Co,,  now  located  in  North  Third  street, 
a  few  doors  north  of  Olive  street.  Recently  Taylor  Stickney, 
of  the  Stickney  brothers,  who  until  a  short  time  ago  were  in 
the  cigar  jobbing  business  in  St.  Louis,  became  associated  with 
Dr.  Hoelscher  in  the  Hoelscher  Cigar  Company  and  Mr. 
Stickney  is  now  the  active  manager.  Dr.  Hoelscher  will  now 
be  able  to  retire  to  his  drug  store,  his  first  and  his  real  love, 
while  Mr.  Stickney  guides  his  son  through  the  cigar  jobbing 
business.  Mr.  Stickney's  former  firm  w-as  one  of  the  biggest 
jobbing  houses  in  the  country.  The  company  will  soon  move 
to  No.  311  North  Broadway,  in  the  heart  of  the  business 
center  downtown.  There  will  be  a  retail  department  in  con- 
nection with  the  jobbing  business.  Dr.  Hoelscher,  relieved 
from  his  duties  in  llie  cigar  business,  and  vi'ith  only  the  care 
of  his  drug  store,  will  now  be  able  to  give  his  almost  undivided 
attention  to  the  affairs  of  the  St.L.R.D.-'V. 


The  Busiest  Druggist  in  Milwaukee. 


THE    best-known    druggist    in    Wisconsin?      Why,    Sol    A. 
Eckstein,    of   course.     And   Mr.   Eckstein   enjoys   the   dis- 
tinction   of    having    been    40    years    in    business    in    one 
location — 40   years   on    Jan.    16,    1914.     Twoscore    years   agOj 
then  a   timid  lad  of  15,  iNIr.  Eckstein  entered  the  drug  store 
of  I.  N.  Morton  in  Milwaukee, 
told  the  latter  that  he  had  seen 
a  "Boy  Wanted"  sign  in  the 
window,     and     then     further 
stated    that    he   was    the    boy. 
He  was.    He  was  told  to  take 
his  coat  off  and  begin  putting 
things  to  rights  in  the  store — 
and  he's  had  his  coat   off  the 
greater  part  of  the  time  since. 
He  did  not  ask  what  his  salary 
was    to    be.      He    wanted    the 
job,  and  he  was  satisfied  that 
the  wages  would  be  in  keeping 
with   what   he  did.     He   is   in 
the  same  store  today — but,  he 
owns    it.      Before    the    end    of 
his  first  week  he  was  promoted 
from   errand   boy  to   cashier — 
that   is,   when  he  was  not  de- 
livering parcels  he  was  making  S.   A.   Eckstein 
change,    and   when    there   was 

nothing   to   do   along   either   of   these   specialized   lines   he   was 
sweeping  the  floors  or  washing  bottles. 

A  delivery  boy  in  Milwaukee  40  years  ago  was  a  busy  youth 
when  he .  did  go  out.  There  were  neither  motorcycles  nor 
electric  cars,  and  there  was  but  one  horse  car  line — but  boys 
did  not  get  carfares  often  in  those  days.  Mr.  Eckstein  was 
both  intelligent  and  wideawake.  He  made  no  mistakes  either 
in  handling  money  or  delivering  parcels;  he  was  honest;  and 
his  stipend  at  the  end  of  the  first  week  was  just  an  even  $2. 
(Today  he  is  paying  errand  boys  two  and  three  times  this 
amount.) 

As  to  his  progress  from  errand  boy  in  the  Morton  drug 
store  to  the  presidency  of  the  Wright  Drug  Co.  at  112  Wis- 
consin street,  why,  ask  any  Middle  West  druggist.  Mr.  Eck- 
stein is  a  true  cosmopolitan ;  he  knows  his  New  York  and 
his  Chicago  (and  all  the  country  in  between  and  beyond)  ; 
he  belongs  to  many  National  associations,  and  the  roster  of 
his  affiliations  reads  like  a  page  from  a  directory.  Read  them: 
First  vice-president  of  the  National  Association  of  Retail  Drug- 
gists; president  of  Post  B,  Travelers'  Protective  .Association; 
chaiiman  press  committee,  Wisconsin  division,  T.P.A.  (NO, 
this  sketch  did  not  come  from  the  committee)  ;  chairman  of 
the  executive  committee  of  the  Milwaukee  Druggists'  Asso- 
ciation; supreme  representative  of  the  Royal  Arcanum;  chair- 
man of  the  Sane  Fourth  of  July  Commission ;  chairman  of  the 
legislative  committee  of  the  Wisconsin  Druggists'  Association. 
He  retired  from  the  presidency  of  the  latter  body  a  year  ago, 
having  held  that  office  for  two  years,  being  the  only  president 
re-elected  since  1887.  Mr.  Eckstein  is  also  the  president  of 
the   Temple  B'ne  Jeshurum. 


March,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


115 


—  Julius  H.  Kahn,  proprietor  of  Kahn's  drug  store,  at 
DeKalb,  III.,  was  a  boy  to  have  gladdened  the  heart  of  Mark 
Twain,  He  was  born  in  Quincy,  III.,  in  1870,  and  people  of 
that  city  still  remember  how  when  he  was  but  a  toddler  he 
investigated  the  gas  coming  from  a  sewer  manhole  with  a 
match  he  had  purloined — and  sent  a  whole  block  of  catch- 
basin  lids  aeroplaning  toward  heaven,  when  the  gas  exploded. 
Not  dismayed  by  this  practical  e."?periment  in  pyrotechnics  he 
a  little  later  touched  a  match  to  a  pile  of  dry  leaves  in  the 
streets  and  nearly  burned  the  town  down,  since  it  was  neces- 
sary to  send  across  the  Mississippi  to  neighboring  towns  to  get 
fire  apparatus  to  extinguish  the  resulting  conflagration.  But 
schooling  turned  his  thoughts  into  other  channels,  and  follow- 
ing his  common  school  training  he  entered  the  School  of 
Pharmacy  of  Northwestern  University,  from  which  he  gradu- 
ated in  1890  with  honors,  and  was  then  made  an  assistant  in 
the  chemical  department.  At  this  time  the  old  Honore  building 
housed  some  of  the  best-known  and  most  brilliant  physicians 
and  surgeons  in  the  State,  and  they  had  a  private  drug  store 
on  an  upper  floor,  which  did  not  cater  to  the  retail  trade. 
Mr.  Kahn  was  placed  in  charge  of  this,  and  when  the  build- 
ing was  torn  down  and  the  "staff"  moved  to  the  Venetian 
building  in  Washington  street,  Mr.  Kahn  retained  his  position 
as  head  of  the  drug  room.  He  assisted  in  many  experiments 
and  was  the  assistant  of  Dr.  J.  B.  Murphy,  the  famous  sur- 
geon, when  the  latter  discovered  "lumpy  jaw."  Having  some 
trouble  with  his  eyes,  and  determined  to  know  what  the  trouble 
was,  Dr.  Kahn  took  a  course  in  optics  at  the  Northern  Illinois 
School  of  Ophthalmogy  at  Chicago.  Later  he  began  a  course 
in  medicine  at  the  Chicago  Medical  College,  but  the  illness  of 
Mrs.  Kahn  forced  him  to  leave  Chicago  and  go  to  a  smaller 
town.  Later  he  went  to  DeKalb,  where  he  purchased  a  store, 
and  he  is  now  recognized  as  one  of  the  most  enterprising 
pharmacists  in  that  hustling  city.  He  does  not  push  patent 
medicines,  but  in  his  handling  of  side  lines  and  in  the  opera- 
tion of  his  soda  fountain — one  of  the  finest  in  the  city — has 
made  a  reputation  all  through  the  State. 

— -John  S.  Alley,  who  has  just  been  made  vice-president 
of  the  Riker-Jaynes  Co.,  was  tendered  a  banquet  Feb.  16  in 
the  State  suite  of  the  Copley  Plaza  Hotel  by  the  executives  of 
50  New  England  stores  of  the  company.  It  was  a  rather  in- 
formal affair,  and  the  chief  aim  was  to  express  to  Mr.  Alley 
the  esteem  in  v.hich  he  is  held  by  his  fellow  workers  in  the 
Riker-Jaynes  Company.  And  they  did  tell  him  so,  and  then 
they  went  further,  and  presented  him  with  a  beautiful  diamond 
ring,  a  gift  in  which  every  executive  present  had  a  part. 
W.  G.  Swett,  the  dean  of  the  organization,  made  the  presen- 
tation speech,  and  Mr.  Alley  made  a  feeling  and  modest 
response.  Mr.  Alley  is  to  be  general  manager  of  the  entire 
chain  of  Riker-Jaynes  stores  in  New  England,  and  the  Riker- 
Hegeman  stores  in  Northern  New  York.  His  rise  in  the 
Riker-Hegeman-Jaynes  syndicate  has  been  steady  and  swift. 
He  is  a  native  of  Marlboro,  Mass.,  and  went  to  Boston  16 
years  ago  as  a  clerk  in  Jaynes  drug  stores,  under  the  personal 
direction  of  the  late  C.  P.  Jaynes.  He  was  promoted  to 
manager,  then  buyer,  and  now  will  be  general  manager  of 
more  than  100  stores. 

—  Fred  W.  Connolly,  a  retail  druggist  at  Dorchester,  and 
instructor  in  pharmacy  at  the  Franklin  Union,  contributed 
$250  to  Mayor  Curley's  "Boom  Boston"  fund,  and  Louis  K. 
Liggett,  president  of  the  United  Drug  Company,  contributed 
$1000.  Mr.  Liggett  was  one  of  the  features  at  a  "boom" 
meeting  Feb.  16,  and,  incidentally,  he  told  the  distinguished 
company  of  financiers  and  capitalists  something  of  the  diffi- 
culties he  encountered  in  Boston  when  he  was  starting  the 
United  Drug  Company.  Boston  bankers,  he  said,  not  only 
would  not  loan  him  money,  but  discouraged  him  in  his  project, 
so  that  for  the  first  few  years  he  had  to  do  most  of  his  banking 
in  New  York.  Mr.  Liggett  has  been  appointed  a  member  of 
the  "Boom  Boston"  committee  of  25  by  Mayor  Curley. 

—  PMladelphia  druggists  expressed  considerable  surprise 
when  Gov.  Tener  failed  to  reappoint  Dr.  Christopher  Koch  as 
a  member  of  the  State  Pharmaceutical  Board.  Dr.  O.  W. 
Osterlund,  a  druggist  at  46th  and  Baltimore  avenue,  succeeded 
him.  Dr.  Koch  was  vice-president  of  the  board,  and  for 
several  years  past  has  made  a  strenuous  fight  against  violators 
of  the  drug  laws.  With  Samuel  M.  Clement,  Jr.,  a  Philadel- 
phia attorney.  Dr.  Koch  prosecuted  many  cocaine  and  heroin 
venders,  and  he  is  credited  with  being  directly  responsible  for 
curb'ng  the  traffic  to  a  great  extent.     It  is  well   known  that 


Dr.  Koch  met  with  considerable  opposition  while  in  office  and 
that   his  opponents   made   determined   efforts  to   oust  him. 

—  Ira  H.  Bander,  of  Providence,  R.  I.,  manager  of  the 
Massachusetts  stores  of  the  Louis  K.  Liggett  Co.,  was  given 
a  bachelor  dinner  Feb.  6  at  the  Hotel  Westminster  in  Boston, 
in  celebration  of  his  approaching  marriage.  The  dinner  was 
arranged  by  C.  A.  Williams,  manager  of  the  cigar  department 
of  the  United  Drug  Co.,  W.  C.  Watt  and  T.  B.  Langdon. 
Julius  S.  Kahn,  of  Brookline,  was  toastmaster,  and  H.  R. 
Andrew,  of  Providence,  and  Fred  L.  Tompkins,  of  Brookline, 
were  the  chief  speakers.  The  entertainment  of  the  evening  was 
provided  by  professional  talent,  and  one  of  the  features  was 
the  arrival  of  three  huge  marriage  bells,  out  of  which  stepped, 
to   the   surprise   of   the   party,    three   handsome   young   women. 

—  Alvah  P.  Greave,  proprietor  of  the  Eagle  drug  store, 
Boyertown,  Pa.,  was  severely  burned  recently  through  the 
ignition  of  a  compound  containing  lard  which  he  was  preparing 
in  the  back  room  of  his  store.  Throwing  the  blazing  material 
under  the  water  faucet  he  started  for  the  cellar  to  quench  the 
flames  in  his  clothing,  but  failing  to  do  this,  rushed  across 
the  street  to  the  hotel,  where  assistance  was  given  him  and 
the  blaze  put  out,  but  not  before  he  was  severely  burned  about 
the  face  and  hands.  The  fire  did  $3000  damage  to  the  store 
and  stock,   and  six  firemen   were  overcome  by  smoke. 

—  John  Graham,  the  veteran  druggist  of  Portage,  Wis., 
has  been  engaged  in  the  drug  business  in  the  same  stand  at 
Portage  for  the  past  61  years.  He  is  now  almost  81  years  old. 
Mr.  Graham  began  business  when  Portage  was  only  a  village 
and  was  known  as  Fort  Winnebago.  A  bank  failure  during 
the  panic  of  1873  swept  away  his  possessions,  just  after  he 
had  completed  the  erection  of  the  building  which  he  now 
occupies.  He  rallied  from  this  and  other  financial  depres- 
sions and  built  up  one  of  the  most  prosperous  drug  trades  in 
central  Wisconsin. 

—  Boy  Gunn,  a  pharmacy  clerk  in  Grove  &  Linger's  drug 
store,  at  Main  and  Exchange  streets,  Buffalo,  was  badly  mauled 
by  gunmen,  who  entered  the  store,  made  a  purchase,  and, 
when  his  back  was  turned,  covered  him  with  a  revolver. 
Gunn,  however,  grappled  with  the  men  and  was  badly  beaten, 
after  which  the  cash  register  was  rifled  of  $40.  During  the 
encounter  one  of  the  hold-up  men  bit  Gunn  in  the  cheek, 
lacerating  it  quite  badly.  He  was  given  medical  attention  and 
removed  to  his  home.     The  thugs  got  away. 

—  William  R.  Copeland,  of  New  York,  has  been  ap- 
pointed chief  chemist  and  bacteriologist  for  the  Milwaukee 
sewerage  commission  at  a  salary  of  $3600  per  year.  Mr.  Cope- 
land  graduated  from  Harvard  in  1892  and  since  that  time  has 
held  numerous  responsible  positions  throughout  cities  of  the 
East.  His  last  position  before  Coming  to  Milwaukee  was  that 
of  chief  chemist  and  bacteriologist  for  the  Metropolitan  sewer 
commission  of  New  York. 

—  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  J.  Lynn,  of  Indianapolis,  sailed  for 
Europe  from  New  York,  Feb.  12.  Mr.  Lynn  is  general  man- 
ager of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  and  while  the  trip  is  essentially 
one  of  business,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Lynn  will  combine  it  with 
pleasure  in  their  travels.  Some  little  time  will  be  spent  in 
England,  and  an  extensive  tour  of  the  Continent  is  planned. 
It  is  expected  that  Mr.  Lynn  will  be  absent  several  months. 

—  Henry  J.  Landers,  druggist,  8204  Alabama  avenue, 
St.  Louis,  and  his  wife  and  daughter  and  a  nephew  were 
awakened  recently  at  5  a.m.  to  find  the  store  under  their 
apartment  on  fire.  The  parents  wrapped  the  baby  in  a  blanket 
and  with  the  nephew  fled  in  their  night  clothes.  The  drug 
stock  and  house  furnishings  were  destroyed  and  the  building 
was  damaged. 

—  Harold  Baehenroth,  manager  for  the  past  year  of  the 
Kenosha,  Wis.,  store  of  the  Kradwell  Drug  Co.,  of  Racme, 
Wis.,  has  resigned  and  has  left  for  Minneapolis,  where  he  has 
accepted  a  similar  position.  E.  J.  Hayek,  with  the  Kradwell 
Drug  Co.  for  the  past  seven  years  and  recently  manager  of  the 
company's  Center  street  store  in  Racine,  has  succeeded  Mr. 
Baebenroth. 

—  Theodore  Hoyer,  who  a  number  of  years  ago  was  em- 
ployed as  a  druggist  by  J.  F.  Sullivan,  of  Hurley,  Wis.,  is  now 
a  teacher  of  languages  in  Tokyo,  Japan,  and  was  an  eye- 
witness of  the  recent  earthquake  and  volcanic  eruptions  in  that 
country.  After  leaving  Hurley,  Mr.  Hoyer  entered  the  Univer- 
sity of  Wisconsin,  where  he  graduated  last  June. 


116 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


—  W.  W.  Curtis,  of  Birmingham,  Ala.,  recently  visited 
New  York.  Mr.  Curtis  is  one  of  Sharp  &  Dohme's  general 
representatives,  and  has  working  under  him  about  20  sales- 
men who  cover  the  Central  Southern  States.  He  reports  trade 
conditions  were  quite  satisfactory  during  1913,  and  indicates 
that  the  druggists  of  his  section  are  optimistic  as  to  the  present 
business  outlook. 

—  P.  E.  Herman,  general  representative  of  Sharp  & 
Dohrae,  with  headquarters  at  Cincirmati,  Ohio,  recently  visited 
the  firm's  laboratories  at  Baltimore.  He  was  accompanied  by 
two  of  his  Kentucky  representatives,  Messrs.  Oscar  Paul  and 
J.  B.  Severs.  Before  returning  to  their  respective  territories 
they  visited  New  York  and  other  Eastern  cities. 

—  Oscar  C.  Stockmeyer,  who  has  been  connected  with 
the  Huber  Bros.  Drug  Co.  of  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.,  for  the 
past  sL^  years,  has  resigned  to  accept  a  position  with  a  phar- 
macy at  Two  Rivers,  Wis.,  his  former  home.  He  has  been 
succeeded  at  Fond  du  Lac  by  Fred  B.  Staeben,  formerly  of 
Beloit,  Wis.,  but  recently  of  Milwaukee. 

—  C.  F.  Wenneker  has  been  chosen  as  chairman  of  the 
Manufacturers'  Committee  of  the  St.  Louis  Business  Men's 
League,  and  C.  P.  Walbridge  as  chairman  of  the  Taxation 
committee.  George  R.  Merrell  is  a  member  of  the  Legislation 
(Municipal)  committee,  and  Vincent  L.  Price  a  member  of 
the  Conmierce  committee. 

—  J.  W.  Drysdale,  of  J.  W.  Drysdale  &  Sons,  import  and 
e.\port  commission  agents,  16  Fish  street  Hill,  London,  Eng- 
land, is  spending  a  few  weeks  in  this  countr>'.  Mr.  Drysdale 
is  well  known  t'^  aiany  large  buyers  of  drugs  and  chemicals, 
many  of  whom  have  had  business  relations  with  him  for  the 
past  30  years  or  more. 

—  Fred  A.  Hubbard  and  Thomas  W.  White,  both  of 
Newton,  and  who  are  considered  among  the  most  prominent 
druggists  of  Massachusetts,  had  much  to  do  with  the  organi- 
zation of  a  board  of  trade  in  Newton,  Mass.,  last  month. 
Mr.  Hubbard  was  elected  president,  and  Mr.  White  one  of  the 
vice-presidents. 

—  Harry  B.  Mason,  of  Detroit,  spoke  at  the  Massachu- 
setts College  of  Pharmacy  recently,  to  an  audience  of  250 
people,  on  "Business  .Accounting  in  the  Drug  Store."  Dean 
Theodore  J.  Bradley  was  the  chairman  and  a  musical  pro- 
gramme  and  refreshments  were   also  features  of  the   evening. 

—  J.  H.  Sours,  a  druggist  of  Olivet,  Mich.,  had  a  narrow 
escape  from  losing  his  eyesight  recently  when  some  concentrated 
carbolic  acid  he  was  boiling  exploded,  following  the  addition 
of  a  little  water.  He  was  very  badly  burned  about  the  face, 
but  his  glasses  protected  his  eyes  in  large  measure. 

— ■  Joseph  Brown,  of  the  drug  firm  of  Rosseau  &  Brown, 
Woonsocket,  R.  I.,  has  brought  suit  against  the  N.Y.,  N.H. 
k  H.  railroad  for  $2000  for  damages  for  injuries  received  by 
being  crushed  between  a  trunk  and  the  baggage  car  of  a  train 
at  Point  Pleasant  station,  Webster,  last  September. 

— -Miss  Marie  C.  Keichel,  of  Indianapolis,  and  Mrs. 
Bertha  H.  Ellis,  of  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  were  among  those  who 
were  applicants  for  registration  as  pharmacists  at  the  January 
examination  given  by  the  Indiana  State  Board  of  Registration 
and   Examination   in   Pharmacy,   in   Fndianapolis 

—  Irving  P.  Gammon,  former  president  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts College  of  Pharmacy,  presided  at  the  annual  reimion 
of  the  Massachusetts  Alumni  Association  of  Bridgton  Academy, 
at  the  Quincy  House,  Boston,  on  Jan.  20.  Mrs.  Gammon  and 
Irving  P.  Gammon,  Jr.,  were  also  present. 

—  Cbarles  Wright,  manager  of  the  Hall  &  Lyon  drug 
store  in  Essex  street,  Salem,  Mass.,  has  been  transferred  in 
line  of  promotion  to  one  of  the  big  Liggett  stores  in  Boston, 
while  Frank  B.  Sullivan  has  been  transferred  from  Boston  to 
the  management  of  the  Salem  store. 

—  Professor  John  Uri  Lloyd,  of  Cincinnati,  was  the 
principal  speaker  before  the  annual  meeting  of  the  South- 
western Ohio  Eclectic  Medical  Association,  held  at  the  Hotel 
Sterling,  Cincinnati,  recently.  He  spoke  upon  the  lives  of 
many  prominent  medical  men. 

—  Charles  F.  Cutler,  president  of  the  Eastern  Drug  Co., 
of  Boston,  and  Stephen  L.  Bartlett,  importer  and  agent  of  a 
Dutch  chocolate,  have  both  been  re-elected  trustees  of  the 
Home  Savings  Bank  of  Boston.  Mr.  Cutler  is  also  a  member 
of  the  investment  committee. 


—  Warren  K.  Potter,  who  has  been  confined  to  the 
Brooklyn  Hospital  for  more  than  two  months,  with  typhoid 
fever,  will  be  well  enough  to  leave  the  hospital  for  his  home 
at  an  early  date.  Mr.  Potter  is  a  member  of  the  sales  staff 
of  Sharp  5c  Dohme. 

—  Georg-e  Wagoner,  who  for  the  past  four  years  has  rep- 
resented the  National  Ammonia  Co.  in  New  York  and  vicinity, 
has  resigned  his  position  to  take  up  scientific  farming.  He 
was  presented  with  a  silver  loving  cup  by  his  co-workers  on 
January  31. 

—  Lewis  Marks,  United  States  Food  and  Drug  Inspector 
for  Eastern  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Georgia,  Alabama  and  North 
and  South  Carolina,  will  hereafter  make  Chattanooga  his 
headquarters,  being  located  in  the  Federal  building. 

—  E.  T.  Curtis,  manager  of  the  St.  Louis  branch  of 
Sharp  &  Dohme,  was  a  recent  visitor  in  New  York  City.  Mr. 
Curtis  also  spent  several  days  in  the  firm's  laboratories  at 
Baltimore,  Md.,   before  returning  to  St.  Louis. 

—  Edgar  E.  Barnes,  a  drug  clerk  of  Indianapolis,  was 
married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  E.  Kretz,  a  stenographer  of  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio,  at  the  court  house  at  Lawrenceburg,  Ind.,  re- 
cently.    They  will  reside  in  Indianapolis. 

—  Wilhelm  Bodemann,  who  was  taken  ill  with  pleurisy 
the  latter  part  of  January,  was  well  enough  to  attend  the  an- 
nual meeting  of  the  Tampa-Cuba  Cigar  Co.,  at  Tampa,  Fla., 
where  he  was  re-elected  vice-president. 

—  H.  E.  Hobbs,  a  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co.  department 
manager,  St.  Louis,  recently  suffered  an  accident  to  one  of  his 
eyes,  but  it  was  stated  at  the  big  jobbing  house  that  he  was 
expected  to  recover  full  use  of  the  eye. 

—  Lewis  C.  Ladon,  a  retail  druggist  at  South  Bend,  Ind,, 
recently  inherited  a  package  of  old  stocks  and  bonds.  He  took 
them  to  New  York  to  determine  their  value  and  has  received 
an  offer  of  $250,000  for  them. 

—  Fred  Schmidt,  who  was  for  a  number  of  years  connected 
with  the  drug  store  of  Voss  &  Ehlers,  of  Cincinnati,  has 
purchased  the  store  of  the  late  Fred  Oswald  at  Wheeler  and 
Warner  streets,  that  city. 

— .  Harry  E.  Robertson,  manager  of  the  Frederick  Brown 
Co.,  No.  17  North  6th  street,  Philadelphia,  has  been  confined 
to  his  room  for  several  weeks,  suffering  from  a  severe  case 
of  rheumatism. 

—  William  G.  Nebig,  a  prominent  Philadelphia  druggist, 
at  18th  and  Susequehanna  avenue,  is  making  a  tour  of  the 
Hawaiian  Islands.  It  i?  expected  that  he  will  be  aw'ay  several 
months. 

—  Henry  L.  Hudson,  holding  to  the  motto,  "The  best  is 
none  too  good  for  the  sick,"  has  made  his  drug  store  at  5600 
Delmar  boulevard  one  of  the  finest  in  the  West  End,  St.  Louis. 

—  Edward  W.  Steinicke,  of  129  Vernon  avenue.  Long 
Island  City,  has  opened  up  a  branch  store  at  Astoria.  The 
building  is  new,   and  the  store-room  is  very  attractively  fitted. 

—  Dr.  M.  C.  Cornell,  of  Dallas,  Tex,,  with  Mrs.  Cornell, 
were  recent  visitors  at  New  York  and  Baltimore.  Dr.  Cornell 
has  charge  of  Sharp  &  Dohme's  sales  force  in  Texas. 

—  John  M.  Fallon,  one  of  the  vice-presidents  of  the  Ohio 
Valley  Druggists'  .Association,  has  returned  from  Birmingham, 
Ala.,  where  he  spent  a  delightful  10-days'  vacation  trip. 

—  A.  H.  Philps,  son  of  the  well-known  druggist,  W.  H. 
Philps,  Morris  Park,  L.  I.,  has  accepted  a  position  with  the 
A.   F.   Douden   pharmacy,   of   Jamaica,   L.   I. 

—  L.  F.  W.  Seifert,  the  retired  pharmacist  of  City  Island, 
and  his  son,  Carl,  are  absent  from  the  city  on  a  three  weeks' 
excursion  to  Panama  and  the  West  Indies. 

—  Martin  Neumann,  of  Astoria,  L.  I.,  has  been  suffering 
with  the  grippe  for  the  last  10  days.  We  are  pleased  to  report 
that  he  is  able  to  be  at  his  store  again. 

—  Miss  Lorraine  Meyer,  daughter  of  A.  C.  Meyer,  of 
Meyer  Bros,  Drug  Co.,  St.  Louis,  recently  gave  a  dance  party 
at  the  home.  3954   Flora  boulevard. 

—  Mrs.  William  E.  Lee,  secretary  of  the  W.O.N. A.R.D., 
held  her  annual  reception  to  the  Philadelphia  chapter  at  her 
home  in  24th  street  on   Feb.  5. 

—  M.  Curiel,  of  the  Crown  Cordial  &  E.xtract  Co.,  is 
making  a  six  wieks'  trip  to  the  Pacific  Coast. 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


117 


—  W.  C.  Hayhurst,  manager  of  the  St.  Louis  branch  of 
Parke-Davis,  who  was  seriously  ill  for  some  time,  is  on  the 
road  to  recovery. 

— -  Dr.  E.  A.  North  and  Dr.  Hoses  Schohz  were  speakers 
before  the  meeting  of  the  Cincinnati  Academy  of  Medicine  at 
Cincinnati  recently. 

— .  W.  W.  Chubbuck,  who  is  the  proprietor  of  several 
stores  along  Rockaway  Beach,  is  opening  a  branch  store  at 
Freeport,  L.  I. 

—  Albert  Plaut,  of  Lehn  &  Fink,  who  has  been  abroad  in 
the  interests  of  his  firm,  is  expected  back  in  New  York  early 
this  month. 

,    — A.    M.    Ochse,    sales   manager,    Meyer   Bros.   Drug    Co., 
St.  Louis,  who  has  been  ill,  is  reported  recovering. 


Obituaries 


Samuel  Jones  Tilden.  |';: 


SAMUEL  JONES  TILDEN,  president  of  the  pharma- 
ceutical manufacturing  house  of  the  Tilden  Company, 
New  Lebanon,  N.  Y.,  and  fiscal  supervisor  of  State 
charities  since  June,  1912,  died  Feb.  17  at  a  hospital  in 
Albany.     He  was  61   years  of  age  and  had  been  ill  for  more 

than  a  year.  He  was  a 
nephew  of  former-Governor 
Samuel  J.  Tilden,  who  was 
the  Democratic  candidate  for 
President  of  the  United  States 
in  the  campaign  of  1876,  and 
although  he  was  not  able  to 
participate  in  the  exercises 
commemorative  of  the  100th 
anniversary  of  his  uncle's 
birth  on  Feb.  8,  he  watched 
the  procession  from  his  win- 
dow. He  had  spent  the 
greater  part  of  his  life  in  New 
Lebanon,  N.  Y.,  as  the  execu- 
tive head  of  the  company 
founded  originally  by  former- 
Governor  Tilden,  but  he  oc- 
casionally visited  the  branch 
offices  of  the  company  in 
Mk.  S.  J.  Tilden.  St.  Louis,  in  charge  of  Vice- 

President    T.    B.    Glazebrook. 
Mr.  Tilden  was  appointed  fiscal  supervisor  by  Governor  Dix. 


Constantine  G.  A.  Loder. 


PHIL.\DELPHIA'S  most  widely-known  druggist,  Constan- 
tine G.  A.  Loder,  died  on  Feb.  12,  at  his  residence,  5104 
Pulaski  avenue,  of  pneumonia,  after  an  illness  of  only 
one  week.  Mr.  Loder's  death  came  as  a  great  shock  to  his 
many  friends.  He  personally  conducted  the  business  at  16th 
and  Chestnut  streets  up  until  the  time 
of  his  illness,  and  the  store  is  now  in 
the  hands  of  his  son-in-law,  Edward 
Wiener,  an  attorney,  temporarily. 

Mr.  Loder  first  came  into  prominence 
when  he  fought,  first  single-handed,  and 
then  with  the  aid  of  the  Government, 
the  so-called  "Drug  Trust,"  and  obtained 
a  verdict  for  $62,214.  .\t  this  time  he 
was  one  of  the  most  flagrant  'ate-cutters 
in  Philadelphia.  He  thus  incurred  the 
enmity  of  the  other  druggists,  both  re- 
tail and  wholesale.  It  was  alleged  by 
him  that  there  was  a  combination  formed 
against  him,  in  violation  of  the  Sherman 
Anti-Trust  Act,  which  prevented  him 
from  obtaining  certain  supplies.  He 
applied  to  the  Government  to  take  up 
his  case  and,  on  their  refusing,  instituted  a  suit  for  $100,000 
against   the  National   Wholesale   Druggists'    Association.     After 


all  the  evidence  had  been  introduced  the  Government  took  up 
Mr.  Loder's  side  of  the  case,  and  after  a  long  legal  battle  was 
awarded  the  verdict.  In  a  later  case  the  Government  used  the 
same  evidence.  Much  of  the  animosity  towards  him  has  been 
swept  aside  the  last  few  years,  as  the  result  of  retail  druggists 
almost  as  a  whole  indulging  in  price-cutting  to  some  extent. 
Mr.  Loder  was  born  in  Stroudsburg,  Pa.  about  64  years 
ago.  He  was  educated  there  and  entered'  a  local  pharmacy, 
where  he  learned  the  profession.  He  then  went  to  Philadel- 
phia in  search  of  his  fortune  and  located  at  16th  and  Chestnut 
streets.  His  wife  died  several  years  ago.  The  body  was 
buried  from  his  late  residence,  5104  Pulaski  avenue,  and  the 
interment  was  in  Woodland  Cemetery.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Manufacturers'  Club,  Business  and  Professional  Men's 
Club,   the  Cedar  Yacht  Club  and  other  organizations. 


Dr.   Kay  Vaughn  Pierce. 

Dr.  Ray  Vaughn  Pierce,  president  of  the  World's  Dispensary 
Medical  Association,  and  founder  and  head  of  the  Invalids' 
Hotel  and  Surgical  Institute  in  Main  street,  Buffalo,  died  at 
his  Southern  home  on  St.  Vincent's  Island,  Florida,  Feb.  4. 
Death  was  due  to  paralysis,  and  he  had  been  in  a  serious  con- 
dition for  two  months  before  the  end  came.  He  was  74  years 
of  age.  Dr.  Pierce  went  to  Buffalo  from  Titusville,  Pa.  in 
1867,  where  as  a  young  man  he  began  the  practice  of  medicine, 
and  soon  afterwards  began  the  manufacture  of  proprietary 
medicines,  notably  the  Golden  Medical  Discovery.  In  1877 
he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate  as  a  Republican  and  served 
for  two  years.  In  1879  he  was  elected  to  Congress  and  served 
until  1881.  He  was  always  interested  in  pharmaceutical  affairs 
and  was  an  active  organization  man  with  the  proprietary 
medicine  manufacturers,  serving  as  president  of  the  National 
Association  of  Proprietary  Manufacturers  from  1888  to  1894, 
and  fighting  energetically  in  the  interests  of  price  protection, 
at  a  time  when  price-cutting,  if  possible,  was  more  energetic 
than  at  present.  At  the  time  of  his  death  Mrs.  Pierce,  who 
was  Miss  Mary  J.  Smith,  and  his  son  Hugh,  with  the  latter's 
wife,  were  with  him,  and  they  accompanied  the  body  to  Buffalo 
for  burial,  the  funeral  taking  place  from  the  hospital  bearing 
his  name  under  the  direction  of  the  Masonic  order.  Dr. 
Pierce  was  a  high-degree  Mason  and  was  affiliated  with  Wash- 
ington Lodge,  240,  of  Buffalo.  He  was  also  a  member  of  the 
New  York  Yacht  Club,  the  Buffalo  Club,  and  a  number  of 
fraternal  organizations. 


Frank   S.   Henry. 

Frank  S.  Henry,  founder  and  for  many  years  the  head  of 
Williams  Manufacturing  Company,  dealers  in  patent  and  pro- 
prietary medicines,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  died  at  his  residence  in 
that  city,  Feb.  13,  at  the  age  of  68  years.  The  immediate 
cause  of  death  was  pneumonia,  this  developing,  however,  from 
a  cold  contracted  at  Hot  Springs,  Va.,  where  the  deceased  had 
spent  several  months  in  the  hope  of  recovering  from  an  attack 
of  arterio-sclerosis.  Mr.  Henry  was  born  in  Waterbury,  Vt., 
Oct.  16,  1846,  of  old  New  England  stock.  On  the  breaking 
out  of  the  Civil  War  he  left  school  and  entered  the  army, 
where  he  remained  until  the  surrender  of  Lee  at  Appomattox. 
After  the  war  he  attended  a  business  college  at  Poughkeepsie 
for  a  few  months,  but  gave  this  up  to  become  a  commercial 
traveler  with  John  F.  Henry  &  Co.,  of  Waterbury,  Vt.,  New 
York  and  Montreal.  He  remained  with  this  firm  for  more 
than  15  years,  traveling  in  its  employ  all  over  this  country 
and  the  rest  of  the  civilized  world.  For  more  than  10  years 
Mr.   Henry  traveled  for  Hall  &  Ruckel,   New  York. 

Mr.  Henry  established  a  proprietary  articles  and  patent 
medicine  business  of  his  own  in  this  city  more  than  20  years 
ago,  but  moved  this  enterprise  to  Cleveland,  in  which  city 
he  formed  the  Williams  Mfg.  Co.  In  this  concern  he  was 
associated  with  W.  A.  Jewitt.  Until  recent  years  he  was  a 
frequent  attendant  at  the  N.W.D.A.  meetings,  of  which  or- 
ganization his  firm  was  an  associate  member. 


C.  G.  A.  Loder 


A.  C.  Meyer. 
A.  C.  Meyer,  head  of  the  firm  of  A.  C.  Meyer  &  Co.,  manu- 
facturers of  Dr.  Bull's  Cough  Syrup  and  other  specialties,  died 
Feb.  4  at  his  home  in  Roland  Park,  a  suburb  of  Baltimore, 
after  a  short  illness  with  pneumonia.  His  will,  as  probated  at 
Towson,  Baltimore  county,  leaves  the  entire  estate,  the  value 
of  which  is  not  stated,  to  members  of  the  family,  in  trust,  two 
sons-in-law   being  named  as  trustees,   with  the   Fidelity  Trust 


118 


THE    PHARiLlCEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


Company  as  their  successor  if  it  transpires  that  the  business 
of  A.  C.  Meyer  &  Co.  is  not  capable  of  paying  the  annuities 
set  out.  The  business  in  this  event  is  to  be  sold  and  the 
proceeds  turned  over  to  the  Fidelity  Company,  which  is  to 
invest  the  money  and  pay  the  widow  one-half  and  the  son  and 
daughters  each  a  tenth  of  the  income.  If  the  business  is 
continued  by  the  trustees,  the  latter  are  to  pay  the  widow  $150 
a  month  and  each  of  the  children  $30  a  month,  the  net  profits 
at  the  end  of  the  year  being  divided  in  the  same  ratio.  After 
some  specific  bequests  the  residue  of  the  estate  is  left  to  Mrs. 
Meyer,  who  is  also  to  receive  among  other  property  the  ware- 
house on  West  Lombard  street,  where  the  firm  formerly  carried 
on  operations.  Some  time  ago  it  moved  to  South  Baltimore 
into  larger  quarters. 


Charles  S.  Erb. 
Charles  S.  Erb,  ex-president  of  the  New  York  College  of 
Pharmacy  Alumni  Association,  a  trustee  of  the  College  of 
Pharmacy,  and  at  one  time  secretary  of  the  New  York  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy,  died  Feb.  10,  after  one  day's  illness 
with  pneumonia.  Mr.  Erb  was  of  German  parentage  and  was 
bom  in  New  York  City  in  1867.  He  received  his  education 
in  the  public  schools,  entered  the  drug  business  in  1881,  and 
was  graduated  from  New  York  College  in  1886.  For  a  number 
of  years  he  conducted  a  store  at  the  comer  of  65th  street  and 
Amsterdam  avenue,  and  later  at  108  .\msterdam  avenue.  He 
was  a  tremendously  hard  worker  and  became  very  well  known 
through  his  affiliations.  In  addition  to  his  trusteeship  of  the 
College  of  Pharmacy  he  was  for  a  nimiber  of  years  chairman 
of  its  property  committee.  He  was  ex-president  of  the  Man- 
hattan Pharmaceutical  Association,  a  member  of  the  New  York 
State  Ph..\.,  of  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society,  and  of  the 
West  Side  Dispensary.  He  was  a  past  master  of  Charity 
Lodge,  F.  &  A.M.,  under  whose  direction  the  funeral  services 
were  conducted  on  the  evening  of  Lincohi's  birthday  (Feb.  12). 
The  interment  was  at  the  Lutheran  Cemetery. 


Charles  H.  Chvircli. 
Charles  H.  Church,  dean  of  the  druggists  in  New  Bedford, 
Mass.,  and  for  65  years  connected  with  business  in  that  city, 
is  dead  from  bronchial  pneumonia.  He  was  bom  in  New  Bed- 
ford in  1830.  As  a  youth  he  learned  the  business  with 
Charles  A.  Clark,  and  in  1848  began  his  career  as  a  druggist 
at  Purchase  and  Middle  streets.  For  a  short  time  afterwards 
he  worked  at  the  Dr.  Stevens'  pharmacy  in  Boston,  and  then 
for  a  while  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  but  he  returned  to  New  Bed- 
ford in  1852  and  purchased  the  business  at  Kempton  and 
Cotmty  streets  established  by  Warren  B.  Potter.  Three  years 
later  he  bought  the  store  at  Purchase  and  Middle  streets,  and 
he  ran  the  two  places  for  two  years.  As  time  went  on  he 
encouraged  his  sons,  Frank  H.  and  Harry  M.,  to  learn  the 
business,  and  in  July,  1881,  he  purchased  the  Otis  pharmacy 
at  Pleasant  and  Union  streets,  which  he  placed  in  charge  of 
the  boys,  retaining  at  his  old  store  Herbert  A.  Blackmer  as 
clerk,  Mr.  Blackmer  marrying  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Church, 
ilr.  Church  was  an  enthusiastic  baseball  fan,  a  volunteer  fire- 
man, one  of  the  founders  of  the  New  Bedford  Druggists' 
Association,  and  its  vice-president  for  a  number  of  years. 


Albert  S.  Bischof. 
.\lbert  S.  Bischof,  retired  pharmacist,  died  Sunday,  Feb.  15, 
at  the  residence  of  his  son.  Dr.  Louis  Bischof,  120  East  34th 
street.  Mr.  Bischof  was  bom  in  Freiburg,  Germany,  nearly  82 
years  ago,  where  he  also  studied  pharmacy.  He  came  to  this 
country  at  the  age  of  21,  and  almost  immediately  became 
known  in  pharmaceutical  circles.  Mr.  Bischof  was  a  very 
active  member  of  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society,  and  as 
a  member  contributed  considerably  to  the  uplift  of  the  pro- 
fession. On  the  occasion  of  the  society's  25th  anniversary  he 
was  chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee  and  much  of 
the  success  of  that  celebration  was  due  to  him.  Since  1866 
he  had  been  a  member  of  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy, 
from  which  institution  four  of  his  sons  have  graduated  and  at 
which  a  granddaughter  now  attends.  The  Rev.  George  C.  F. 
Haas  conducted  the  fimeral  ceremonies,  which,  besides  the 
relatives,  was  attended  by  many  friends  of  the  deceased. 


died  at  his  home  in  Everett  Feb.  20,  in  his  84th  year.  He 
was  bom  in  Limerick,  Me.,  March  17,  1830,  and  graduated 
from  Bowdoin  College  in  1854.  Later  he  took  the  degrees  of 
A.M.  and  M.D.  from  the  college.  He  went  to  Boston  upon 
the  completion  of  his  medical  studies,  and  was  appointed 
assistant  port  physician.  The  next  year  he  engaged  in  the 
drug  business  on  Broadway,  Chelsea,  where  the  business  is  still 
carried  on  by  his  son,  Charles  W.  Freeman.  In  1867  Dr. 
Freeman  was  elected  to  the  legislature  from  Chelsea,  and  later 
he  served  the  city  as  an  overseer  of  the  poor.  In  two  weeks, 
on  March  8,  he  would  have  obser\-ed  his  golden  wedding 
anniversary.  He  is  survived  by  a  wife  and  two  sons — Charles 
W.  Freeman,  Ph.G.,  of  Chelsea,  and  Dr.  George  F.  Freeman, 
U.S.N.,  a  surgeon. 


Henry  T.  Cutter. 
Henry  T.  Cutter,  of  871  Lexington  avenue.  New  York,  and 
the  founder  of  the  corporation  which  originally  controlled  the 
Hegeman  &  Co.  stores,  died  recently  at  his  home.  He  was  a 
native  of  Newburjport,  Mass.,  having  been  bom  there  in  1830, 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools  of  that  town  and  as  a  young 
man  was  employed  by  the  firm  of  Jordan,  Marsh  &  Co.,  of 
Boston.  During  the  Civil  War  he  was  the  proprietor  of  a 
large  drygoods  store  in  Prince  street,  Manhattan,  which  he 
gave  up  in  the  early  70's  to  embark  in  a  theatrical  enterprise. 
For  five  years  subsequently  he  was  manager  of  the  Chestnut 
Street  Theater,  Philadelphia.  In  1878  he  purchased  the  drug 
store  of  Hegeman  &  Co.,  at  203  Broadway,  from  John  Nevin 
Hegeman,  and  incorporated  it  under  the  old  firm  name.  Later 
the  store  was  moved  to  196  Broadway.  Mr.  Cutter  disposed 
of  the  business  in  1899,  and  since  that  time  has  been  retired 
from  all  the  activities  of  commercial  life. 


Conrad  A.  Speidel. 
Conrad  A.  Speidel,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Rock  Island,  111., 
who  had  been  a  resident  of  that  city  for  55  years,  is  dead  at  the 
age  of  85.  He  had  been  in  failing  health  for  several  weeks, 
and  death  was  due  to  the  infirmities  of  age.  He  was  a  native 
of  Wurtemberg,  Schomdorf,  Germany,  and  learned  the  drug 
business  there.  For  several  years  he  was  a  druggist  at  Vevey, 
Switzerland,  and  then  came  to  this  country  and  worked  in  a 
New  York  drug  store.  ■  His  next  move  was  to  Philadelphia, 
but  in  1858  he  went  to  Rock  Island  and  entered  the  drug 
business  under  the  name  of  Speidel  &  Glacius.  He  later  made 
changes,  but  conducted  one  store  in  Rock  Island  for  the  period 
of  48  years.    One  son,  Hugo,  is  a  contractor  at  Paterson,  N.  J. 


Aemilius  R.  Meisner. 
One  of  the  oldest  druggists  in  Davenport,  Iowa,  Aemilius  F. 
Meisner,  74,  died  at  his  home  recently.  For  more  than  45  years 
he  had  conducted  a  drug  store  in  that  city,  first  operating  in 
1869,  at  416  West  Second  street.  Selling  his  first  store  in  1873, 
he  opened  another,  and  later  erected  his  own  building  at  1115 
West  Third  street,  where  he  was  located  up  till  the  time  of 
his  death.  He  was  bom  in  1839  at  Kappein,  Schleswig- 
Holstein,  Germany,  was  a  graduate  of  Melburg  College,  and 
came  to  America  in  1860.    He  was  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  War. 


0.  N.  Garrett. 
O.  N.  Garrett,  for  27  years  a  prominent  druggist  and  senior 
member  of  the  firm  of  Garrett  &  A>Tes,  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  and 
president  of  the  Ohio  Pharmaceutical  Association  in  1902, 
died  very  suddenly  at  his  home  on  the  eve  of  Jan.  1. 
Mr.  Garrett  was  one  of  the  solid,  substantial  business  men 
of  Hillsboro,  and  enjoyed  the  respect,  confidence  and  esteem 
of  all  who  knew  him.  His  religion  was  exemplified  in  his 
daily  life  and  was  not,  nor  needed  to  be,  heralded  from  the 
housetops.  Of  him  it  can  be  truly  said  the  "world  is  better 
for  his  having  lived." 


Dr.  Samuel  W.  Freeman. 
Dr.  Samuel  W.  Freeman,  who  opened  a  drug  store  in  Chel- 
sea, Mass.,  Oct.   IS,   1858,  a  store  still  continued  by  his  son, 


George  Elmer  Torrey. 
George  E.  Torrey,  one  of  the  best-known  druggists  in  Haver- 
hill, Mass.,  where  he  had  been  employed  at  the  Holden  drug 
store  for  10  years,  died  at  his  prescription  counter  of  heart 
disease  recently.  He  was  a  native  of  Newburyport,  Mass., 
was  educated  in  the  public  schools,  and  learned  pharmacy  in 
Newburyport  drug  stores.    He  was  a  Mason  and  K.  of  P. 


George  A.   Graves. 
George  A.  Graves,  a  former  president  of  the  Chicago  Retail 


Mabch,  1914] 


THE   PHARIIACEUTICAL   ERA 


119 


Druggists'  Association,  who  had  been  actively  engaged  in  the 
retail  drug  business  in  Chicago  and  adjacent  territory  for  the 
past  25  years,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  47  years.  He  left  a  widow 
and  two  sons.    His  home  was  at  LaGrange. 


Thomas  A.  Bronson. 
Thomas  A.  Bronson,  a  drug  broker  of  13  Gold  street,  New 
York,  who  was  also  well  known  throughout  the  country  as  a 
purchaser  of  ginseng  and  other  crude  drugs  for  e-xport,  died 
Feb.  24  at  the  New  York  Yacht  Club,  after  a  long  illness. 
He  was  73  years  of  age,  and  was  born  in  Philadelphia.  At 
the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War  he  left  Yale,  where  he  was  a 
student,  and  enlisted,  joining  a  Pennsylvania  artillery  regiment. 
At  the  end  of  the  war  he  started  in  business  in  Philadelphia, 
later  moving  his  establishment  to  New  York.  His  wife  died 
in  1876. 


Robert  Van  Sant. 
Robert  H.   \'an   Sant,   wholesale  druggist  at   Oakland,   Cal., 
and  formerly  at  the  head  of  drug  stores  at  Atlantic  City,  Ocean 
Grove  and  Trenton,  N.  J.,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  56.    He  leaves 
a  widow  and  one  son,  Robert  H.,  Jr. 


OTHER    RECENT    DEATHS. 


—  Mrs.  Geo.  H.  Landon,  the  wife  of  Geo.  H.  Landon, 
of  Pocahontas,  Va.,  died  at  the  home  of  her  daughter,  Mrs. 
Floyd  Black,  of  pneumonia.  Mrs.  Landon  was  married  to 
Dr.  Geo.  H.  Landon  in  1865,  just  at  the  close  of  the  Civil  War. 
Dr.  Landon  is  the  oldest  living  druggist  in  the  State  of  Vir- 
ginia, having  been  a  practicing  druggist  before  and  during  the 
Civil  War.  To  their  union  is  left  Frank  P.  Landon,  a  drug- 
gist at  Charlottesville,  Va. ;  J.  A.  Acton  Landon,  a  druggist  at 
Buena  Vista,  Va.,  and  George  Sibe  Landon,  a  druggist  at 
Pocahontas,  Va.  Two  other  sons  are  not  druggists.  Mrs. 
Landon  was  in  her  74th  year,  having  been  bom  in  Virginia, 
May  22,  1839. 

—  James  G.  Steele,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  San  Francises, 
and  formerly  city  chemist  there,  died  Feb.  3.  Just  prior  to 
his  death  he  had  completed  a  history  of  the  California  College 
of  Pharmacy,  which  is  now  being  published.  He  was  bom  in 
Boston  in  1833,  and  went  to  California  in  1852  to  engage  in 
the  drug  business.  He  was  located  for  a  number  of  years  in 
the  Palace  Hotel  building  in  Market  street,  and  for  a  time 
was  secretary  and  a  member  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the 
California  College  of  Pharmacy.  He  was  a  charter  member  of 
the  California  Pharmaceutical  Association. 

—  Dr.  Robert  Kennedy  Duncan,  director  of  the  Mellon 
Institute  of  Industrial  Research  of  the  University  of  Pitts- 
burgh, and  an  author  of  repute  on  industrial  chemistry  and 
radio-activity,  is  dead  after  an  illness  of  several  weeks.  Pre- 
vious to  his  connection  with  the  University  of  Pittsburgh  he 
had  been  affiliated  with  the  faculties  of  Washington  and 
Jefferson  College  and  of  the  University  of  Kansas,  where  he 
was  a  member  of  the  faculty  of  the  School  of  Pharmacy.  He 
was  a  member  of  many  important  chemical  societies. 

-—Peter  C.  Kraemer,  29,  a  well-known  Buffalo  pharma- 
cist, succumbed  to  an  attack  of  heart  failure,  Feb.  3,  at  his 
home,  225  Monroe  street.  Mr.  Kraemer  had  retired  in  ap- 
parently good  health,  but  was  attacked  by  heart  disease  and 
■expired  before  the  arrival  of  a  physician.  For  the  past  five 
years  he  had  been  identified  with  the  Sloan-Heegaard  Drug 
Co.,  and  was  held  in  high  regard  by  his  firm  and  associates. 
He  was  prominent  in  social-fraternal  circles. 

—  John  E.  Lambert,  for  many  years  engaged  in  the 
retail  drug  business  in  Indianapolis,  died  at  his  home  in  that 
city  recently  after  a  short  illness  from  pneumonia.  He  was 
bom  in  Rockville,  Ind.,  in  1867  and  was  in  the  drug  business 
in  Indianapolis  18  years,  having  succeeded  his  father.  Mr. 
Lambert  had  recently  opened  a  new  store  at  East  Washington 
street  and  Tacoraa  avenue.  The  business  will  be  continued 
by  his  son  Harry. 

—  Simpson  A.  McConnell,  proprietor  of  the  Concord 
•drug  store  at  Concord,  Mass.,  dropped  dead  in  his  store  Feb. 
10,  of  heart  disease.  He  was  65  years  old.  For  many  years 
Mr.  McConnell  had  been  active  in  the  civic  and  religious 
affairs  of  Concord,  and  had  served  as  clerk  of  the  Congre- 
gational (Trinitarian)  Church,  and  treasurer  of  the  Congre- 
gational Brotherhood. 


—  Dr.  Jacob  Frantz,  millionaire  president  of  the  Dentist 
Supply  Company,  with  office  in  the  Emerson  building,  New 
York,  died  at  his  home  in  New  Rochelle,  N.  Y.,  on  Feb.  8, 
of  Bright's  disease.  Dr.  Frantz  had  lived  in  Wilmington  years 
ago,  and  his  brother,  Dr.  A.  Frantz,  of  that  city,  is  secretary 
of  the  Delaware  State  Board  of  Health. 

—  Albert  Swisher,  one  of  the  most  popular  of  Johnson 
&  Johnson's  sales  force,  died  Feb.  16,  at  his  home  in  Lancaster. 
He  has  been  the  Pennsylvania  representative  of  the  company 
for  nearly  16  years  and  is  known  to  druggists  from  one  end 
of  the  State  to  the  other.  He  was  an  active  member  of  the 
Masonic  and  other  lodges. 

—  C.  W.  A.  Friedrich,  a  well-known  patent-medicine 
manufacturer  of  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.,  died  recently  after  a  long 
illness,  at  the  age  of  58  years.  Mr.  Friedrich  was  born  in 
Germany,  and  came  to  America  with  his  parents  at  the  age  of 
13  years.  He  had  been  engaged  in  the  medicine  manufacturing 
business  for  30  years. 

—  Charles  J.  F.  Lane  died  from  apoplexy  at  his  home  in 
Indianapolis,  Jan.  7.  He  was  stricken  at  his  place  of  business 
and  was  taken  home  where  he  died  in  a  few  hours.  Mr.  Lane 
was  56  years  old  and  had  been  in  the  retail  drug  business 
for  many  years.     A  widow  and  three  children  survive. 

—  William  T.  Eberhart,  of  Latrobe,  Ind.,  for  more  than 
22  years  in  the  employ  of  the  Showalter  Drug  Co.,  died  re- 
cently from  the  effects  of  a  fall  upon  an  icy  sidewalk.  He  was 
a  native  of  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.,  a  graduate  of  the  Philadelphia 
College  of  Pharmacy  and  a  member  of  the  B.P.O.E. 

—  Mrs.  Mahlon  T.  Moon,  mother  of  Richard  Moon,  a 
Camden,  N.  J.,  druggist,  and  of  Clarence  D.  Moon,  likewise 
a  druggist,  located  at  Riverside,  the  same  State,  died  on  Feb. 
9,  1914,  after  an  illness  of  several  months.  Mrs.  Moon  had  a 
complete   nervous   breakdown. 

—  John  W.  Schleyer,  37,  formerly  a  well-known  druggist 
of  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.,  the  senior  member  of  the  drug  firm  of 
Schleyer  &  Ordway,  died  recently.  He  had  been  ill  for  more 
than  a  year.  A  few  years  ago  he  became  traveling  salesman 
for  a  wholesale  drug  house. 

—  Jonathan  Philip  Primley,  of  Evanston,  111.,  formerly 
a  retail  druggist,  but  later  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  chew- 
ing gum  and  the  vice-president  of  the  American  Chicle  Co., 
is  dead  at  the  age  of  63  at  his  Winter  residence  at  Pasadena, 
California. 

—  Frank  J.  Hromadke,  the  Trenton,  N.  J.,  druggist  who 
jumped  his  bail  bond  while  awaiting  sentence  for  forgery,  com- 
mitted suicide  by  poison  in  St.  Louis  recently  just  as  he 
was  about  to  be  arrested  and  brought  back  to  New  Jersey  for 
sentence. 

—  William  Hackenberger,  59,  a  graduate  of  the  Phila- 
delphia College  of  Pharmacy,  and  for  36  years  a  druggist  at 
Catasaqua,  Pa.,  is  dead.  Of  the  three  surviving  children, 
William   is  a  senior  at  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy. 

—  George  R.  Brown,  77,  a  former  druggist  of  Poughkeep- 
sie,  N.  Y.,  but  for  18  years  a  resident  of  Evanston,  111.,  is 
dead.  He  leaves  two  sons,  Frederick  Brown,  of  Newbiu'gh, 
N.  Y.,  and  Edward  D.  B.  Brown,  of  Washington,  D.  C. 

—  Edwin  M.  Fitz,  who  for  years  was  connected  with  the 
Smith,  Kline  &  French  Company,  of  Philadelphia,  and  recently 
with  the  Cohen  Drug  Co.,  died  at  his  home  in  CoUingswood, 
N.  J.,  after  a  week's  illness  with  pneumonia. 

—  Charles  Houston,  77,  a  druggist  of  Ottawa,  111.,  and 
well  known  as  a  druggist  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  where  he  was  a 
personal  friend  of  William  McKinley  and  Mark  Hanna,  is 
dead.     He  was  a  33°  Mason. 

—  Thomas  Joyce,  formerly  of  the  South  Boston,  Mass., 
drug  firm  of  Cuddyer  &  Joyce,  and  until  three  years  ago  a 
prominent  business  man  in  that  district,  died  in  Portland,  Ore., 
recently. 

—  Emil  Kuester,  a  member  of  the  German  Apothecaries' 
Society,  who  conducted  a  store  at  931  Third  avenue,  died  on 
the  15th  of  this  month.  The  deceased  resided  at  307  East  57th 
street. 

—  Wilbur  Ralston,  57,  a  druggist  of  Springfield,  111.,  and 
for  22  years  with  the  Dodds'  drug  store  in  that  city,  is  dead 
after  a  very  brief  illness      He  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania. 

—  Joe  T.  Parks,  chancery  clerk  of  Montgomery  county, 
Miss.,  and  formerly  a  druggist  at  Kilmichael,  Miss.,  is  dead. 


120 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


—  Theodore  V.  Brown,  proprietor  of  the  Red  Cross  drvig 
store.  West  Santa  Clara  street,  San  Jose,  Cal.,  was  stricken 
with  apoplexy  while  telling  personal  reminiscences  to  the 
school  children  on  Lincohi's  Birthday,  and  died  five  hours 
later.  He  ser\ed  through  the  Civil  War  as  a  member  of  the 
Hospital  Corps,  was  stationed  for  several  years  at  Washington 
AS  chief  pharmacist  in  the  office  of  the  Surgeon-General,  and 
was  later  superintendent  of  the  German  Hospital  at  San  Fran- 
cbco.    He  had  conducted  his  San  Jose  store  for  12  years. 

—  Roy  Thompson,  who  formerly  conducted  a  drug  store 
in  Ottawa,  111.,  and  later  with  the  firm  of  Thompson  Bros., 
of  Spring  \'alley,  same  State,  is  dead  from  typhoid-pneumonia. 

—  Frank  Walter,  a  prominent  yo'ong  druggist  of  Kno.x- 
ville,  Tenn.,  died  recently  from  erysipelas.  While  but  29  years 
old,  he  was  one  of  the  best-known  druggists  in  his  section. 

—  Charles  Danz,  a  native  of  Peru,  111,,  and  for  16  years 
an  associate  of  his  brother,  Martin,  in  the  drug  business  under 
the  name  of  Danz  Bros.,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  55. 

—  Henry  G.  Daniels,  Cincinnati's  oldest  druggist,  who 
had  been  established  at  Laurel  and  Central  avenue  for  50 
years  died  at  his  home  after  a  short  illness. 

_  Frank  C.  Sibley,  70,  a  pioneer  druggist  at  Ionia,  Mich., 
and  later  for  many  years  commissioner  of  the  Ionia  board  of 
health,  is  dead  after  a  short  illness. 

Malcolm    Patrick,    79,    for    many    years    a    prominent 

druggist  of  Xorwalk,  Ohio,  is  dead  of  arterio  sclerosis. 

—  W.  H.  Miller,  Jr.,  38,  a  druggist  of  Anthon,  Iowa,  is 
dead  after  an  operation  for  appendicitis. 

—  Frank  A.  Grandle,  47,  a  druggist  of  Centerburg,  Ohio, 
is  dead  following  an  operation. 

—  Austin  Converse,  a  former  druggist  of  Richwood,  Ohio, 
is  dead   at   St.   Petersburg,   Fla. 


stoves  and  automobiles  Detroit  unquestionably  leads  the  world. 
It  may  be  that  some  of  those  in  attendance  upon  the  con- 
vention will  want  to  visit  industrial  plants  in  various  lines. 
Thus,  for  instance,  10  or  15  people  may  want  to  go  through 
Oie  Ford  or  the  Cadillac  or  the  Packard  automobile  factory. 
Others  may  want  to  visit  the  Solvay  Process  Works  or  any 
one  of  a  hundred  other  interesting  places  in  the  city.  It  is 
expected  that  arrangements  will  be  made  for  a  number  of  small 
strips  of  this  kind  if  sufficient  interest  is  shown  by  the  mem- 
bers. It  is  up  to  them.  If  you  are  interested  please  write  now 
to  the  local  secretary  so  that  he  may  get  an  idea  of  what  is 
wanted.  Address  your  letter  to  Leonard  A.  Seltzer,  32  .•\dams 
West,  Detroit,  Mich. 

It  may  be  interesting  to  note,  too,  that  certain  reforms  are 
to  be  inaugurated  at  the  Detroit  meeting  in  the  conduct  of  the 
convention  business.  All  the  sessions  will  be  held  in  the  day 
time,  and  the  evenings  will  be  left  free  for  rest,  recreation  and 
enjoyment.  The  Council,  only,  will  meet  at  that  time,  and  this 
will  give  a  chance  for  the  Sections  to  begin  their  work  in  the 
morning  promptly  at  9 :  30,  Mr.  Seltzer,  the  local  secretary,  is 
working  out  a  plan  of  bulletin-boards  so  that  a  member  who  is 
sitting  in  one  Section  may  know  what  is  going  on  in  others 
at  the  same  time,  thus  making  for  a  ma,\imum  of  interest. 
Promptness  will  be  exercised  all  along  the  line,  and  there  is 
every  expectation  that  the  Detroit  meeting  will  be  a  hummer ! 


News  frOiM  Associations 


Annual  Convention  of  the  A.  Ph.  A. 


PLANS  have  been  pretty  well  decided  upon  for  the  Detroit 
meeting  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  to 
be  held  the  week  beginning  Monday,  Aug.  24.  The  Hotel 
Pontchartrain  will  be  the  headquarters,  a  hotel  admirably 
suited  to  the  purpose.  It  has  a  convention  floor  up  at  the 
top  of  the  building,  with  eight  or  ten  rooms  of  various  sizes, 
thus  being  well  adapted  to  the  purposes  of  an  organization 
like  the  A. Ph. A.,  which  is  split  up  into  so  many  sections  and 
auxiliaries  of  one  kind  and  another.  Furthermore,  the  con- 
vention floor  of  the  Pontchartrain  is  so  high  up  that  it  is 
away  from  the  dirt  and  noise  of  the  street  on  the  one  hand, 
and  on  the  other,  is  subjected  to  the  cooling  breezes  from  the 
river. 

The  Detroit  meeting,  indeed,  will  be  delightfully  cool  and 
pleasant.  Detroit  is  not  at  all  like  the  usual  American  city- 
hot  and  stuffy  in  the  Summer.  It  is  located  on  the  Great 
Lakes,  gets  the  benefit  of  the  water  breezes,  and  is  furthermore 
a  city  of  great  beauty  and  charm.  Thousands  of  people  go  to 
Detroit  annually  to  spend  their  Summer  vacations  instead  of 
frequenting  the  customary  resorts.  It  is  a  city  that  everybody 
wants  to  visit  who  hasn't  already  seen  it,  while  the  man  who 
has  seen  it  is  not  satisfied  until  he  can  return  to  it  again. 

Many  delightful  features  are  planned  for  the  convention. 
There  will,  of  course,  be  the  customary  reception  and  ball  on 
Monday  evening.  On  Wednesday,  from  4  to  6,  there  will  be 
a  reception  for  the  ladies.  The  afternoon  and  evening  of 
Thursday  will  be  devoted  to  a  boat  ride  tendered  by  Parke, 
Davis  &  Co.,  and  many  of  the  attractive  spots  will  be  viewed 
that  have  helped  to  make  the  environs  of  Detroit  so  noted. 
On  Friday  there  will,  in  all  probability,  be  an  automobile  ride 
tu  the  parks  and  to  the  famous  shore  drive  around  Lake  St. 
Clair.  Other  contemplated  entertainments  are  a  smoker  for 
the  men,  and  either  a  theater  party  or  a  ride  to  Bois  Blanc 
Island  for  the  ladies.  Smaller  entertainments  for  the  ladies 
will  be  sandwiched  in  all  through  the  entire  week, 

Detroit  has  come  to  be  a  great  manufacturing  center- 
famous    in    three    particulars.      In    the    manufacture    of    drugs. 


N.  W.  D.  A.  at  Indianapolis. 


Annual  Meeting  This  Year  Will  Be  Held  in  the  Hoosier  City 
During  the  Week  Beginning  Oct.  12 — President  Lattimer 
Appoints  His  Conintittces. 

THE  committee  on  time  and  place  of  the  next  meeting  for 
the  National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Association  has  an- 
nounced that  the  annual  meeting  of  that  body  will  be  held 
at  Indianapolis  beginning  Oct.  12.  The  chairman  of  this  com- 
mittee is  William  J.  Mooney,  of  the  Mooney-Mueller  Drug  Co,, 
of  that  city. 

The  following  committtees  have  been  appointed  by  President 
Lattimer  for  1914-1915: 

Arrangements  and  entertainment  for  Indianapolis  meeting, 
1914,  William  J.  Mooney,  of  the  Mooney-Mueller  Drug  Co., 
Indianapolis;  arrangements  and  entertainment  for  the  Califor- 
nia meeting,  1915,  C,  F.  Michaels,  of  the  Langley  &  Michaels 
Co.,  San  Francisco ;  commercial  travelers  and  selling  methods, 
Lee  M.  Hutchins,  of  the  Hazeltine  &  Perkins  Drug  Co.,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.;  credits  and  collections,  B.  B.  Gilmer,  of  the 
Southern  Drug  Co.,  Houston,  Tex.;  drug  market,  Charles  L. 
Huisking,  New  York;  employers'  liability  and  workmen's  com- 
pensation, James  W.  Morrisson,  of  Morrisson,  Plummer  &  Co., 
Chicago;  fire  insurance,  James  W.  Morrisson,  of  Morrisson, 
Plummer  &  Co.,  Chicago;  legislation,  Charles  A.  West,  of 
Eastern  Drug  Co.,  Boston ;  local  associations,  William  T.  Bland, 
of  the  McPike  Drug  Co,,  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  membership, 
Benjamin  A,  Jackson,  of  the  George  L,  Clafiin  Co,,  Providence, 
R.  I. ;  memorials  of  deceased  members,  Harry  J.  Schnell,  New 
York;  paints,  oils  and  glass,  W.  T.  Harper,  of  J,  W.  Edgerly 
&  Co.,  of  Ottumwa,  Iowa;  prevention  of  adulteration,  B,  L. 
Murray,  of  Merck  &  Co.,  New  York;  proprietary  goods,  Wil- 
liam P,  Ritchey,  of  Bruen,  Ritchey  &  Co,,  New  York;  rates 
and  routes,  William  G,  Cook,  of  the  New  York  Quinine  and 
Chemical  Works,  New  York;  trade-marks,  F.  K.  Fernald,  of 
the  Dr.  Miles  Medical  Co.,  Elkhart,  Ind.;  transportation,  Lynn 
Fort,  of  the  Lamar  &  Rankin  Drug  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga.;  special 
committee  on  anti-narcotic  legislation,  Charles  A.  West,  of  the 
Eastern  Drug  Co.,  Boston ;  special  committee  on  census  of 
1914,  Harry  J.  Schnell,  New  York;  special  committee  on  rail- 
way rate  question.  Dr.  William  J.  Sch-effelin,  of  Schieffelin  & 
Co,,  New  York,  and  special  commillee  on  suits  against  mem- 
bers. Dr.  William  Jay  Schieffelin,  of  Schieffelin  &  Co.,  New 
Vork. 


Chicago    Branch,    A.Ph.A. 

The  annual  election  of  officers,  reception  of  new  memhers 
and  social  evening  of  the  Chicago  Branch  of  the  .\merican 
Pharmaceutical  Association  occurred  in  January  at  the  Univer- 
sity of  Illinois  School  of  Pharmacy.  The  newly-elected  officers 
are  as  follows:  President,  J.  H.  WelLs;  1st  vice-pres'dent, 
W,  B,  Day;  2d  vice-president,  Wm.  Gray;  3d  vice-president, 
Maurice   Miner;    secretary-treasurer,    F.    N.    Gathercoal;    com- 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


121 


mittee  chairmen:  Practical  pharmacy,  I.  A.  Becker;  medical 
relations,  Dr.  Bernard  Fantus;  publicity,  L.  E.  Warren;  legis- 
lation, H.   C.  Christensen. 

The  secretary-treasurer  reported  receipts  during  the  year  of 
$80.00,  expenditures  of  $67.61  and  a  cash  balance  of  $24.90. 
There  were  received  20  new  members  during  the  year.  The 
total  membership  is  136,  of  which  86  are  druggists,  17  mem- 
bers of  pharmaceutical  manufacturing  houses,  14  teachers  in 
pharmaceutical  schools,  4  editors  of  pharmacy  journals  and  the 
remainder  chemists  or  engaged  in  allied  industries. 

An  especial  event  of  the  evening  was  the  welcome  extended 
to  new  members.  Secretary  Thos.  Potts  introduced  Hugh 
Craig,  recently  installed  editor  of  the  Journal  oj  the  National 
Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  and  moved  his  election  to 
membership  in  the  Chicago  branch.  The  motion  was  carried 
by  acclamation.  Professor  Day  introduced  H.  W.  Colson, 
J.  A.  Dorjahn,  Mrs.  Mary  Zwick,  George  Kraemer  and  A.  E. 
Anderson  as  new  members.  They  were  each  pleasantly  received 
by  the  company.  Wm.  Gray  was  congratulated  upon  his 
recent  election  to  life  membership  in  the  A. Ph. A.  Mr.  Potts, 
in  introducing  Mr.  Craig,  took  occasion  to  speak  of  the  great 
need  among  retail  druggists  for  reliable  formulas  covering  the 
great  number  of  unofficial  preparations  and  household  reme- 
dies. He  spoke  of  the  proposed  A. Ph. A.  Book  of  Receipts 
and  said  that  the  A. Ph. A.  was  derelict  in  not  having  pub- 
lished such  a  work  10  years  ago.  He  mentioned  the  attempt 
now  being  made  by  the  N.A.R.D.  to  remedy  this  pressing 
need  of  the  druggist  by  furnishing  to  the  retail  drug  trade  not 
only  practicable,  reliable  formulas  for  a  number  of  household 
articles,  but  also  in  supplying  suitable  labels  in  small  quantities 
at  a  very  low  price  to  retail  druggists  for  these  preparations. 

Mr.  Craig  expressed  his  pleasure  in  uniting  with  the  Chicago 
branch  and  assured  us  that  he  expected  soon  to  be  as  much 
at  home  here  as  he  had  been  for  seven  years  in  the  New  York 
branch.  During  the  seven  years  in  New  York  he  had  not 
missed  a  branch  meeting  and  as  this,  his  first  meeting  with  the 
Chicago  branch  in  January  followed  within  a  month  the  last 
branch  meeting  in  New  York,  his  record  was  still  intact. 

Professor  Day  took  occasion  to  review  some  of  the  accom- 
plishments of  the  branch  during  the  last  seven  years.  He 
brought  out  the  fact  that  when  the  branch  was  organized  in 
Chicago  the  city  already  possessed  one  of  the  strongest  and 
most  active  local  druggists'  associations  in  the  world,  the 
C.R.D.A.,  that  the  N.A.R.D.  maintained  its  headquarters 
here  with  all  of  their  great  activity,  that  the  social  side  of 
things  pharmaceutical  was  ably  cared  for  by  the  Social  Drug 
Club,  now  known  as  the  Chicago  Drug  Club,  and  that  our 
city  possessed  that  most  unique  of  all  pharmaceutical  organi- 
zations, the  Chicago  Veteran  Druggists'  Association,  which 
especially  attracted  the  older  druggists.  The  Chicago  branch, 
therefore,  upon  its  organization,  chose  as  its  special  line  of 
work  the  presentation  and  discussion  of:  (1)  Legislative 
matters  affecting  pharmacists,  (2)  the  revision  of  our  national 
standards,  the  U.S. P.  and  N.F.  and  (3)  original  or  improved 
unofficial  formulas.  Much  good  work  along  each  of  these  lines 
hss  been  accomplished.  In  addition,  the  branch  usually  devoted 
one  evening  each  season  to  a  popular  lecture  and  one  evening 
to  social  events. 

Under  the  able  direction  of  Mrs.  M.  M.  Gray  and  Miss 
Rose  Schmid,  refreshments  were  served  and  the  meeting  ad- 
journed with  many  expressions  of  felicitation  over  "an  evening 
well  spent." 


The  Mo .  Ph .  A.  at  Pertle  Springs. 

The  Missouri  Pharmaceutical  Association  will  hold  its  36th 
annual  meeting  at  Pertle  Springs  for  four  days,  beginning 
June  16.  The  date  has  for  many  years  been  the  second  week 
in  the  month,  but  a  change  has  been  made  in  order  to  accom- 
modate those  who  have  children  graduating  from  the  public 
schools,  which  close  the  second  week  in  June.  It  is  anticipated 
that  an  increased  attendance  will  result  on  account  of  the  later 
date  of  the  meeting.  This  is  the  13th  meeting  at  Pertle 
Springs  (Warrensburg).  The  first  convention  at  that  place 
was  held  in  1888.  Missouri  pharmacists  are  partial  to  Summer 
resorts  and  this  will  be  the  26th  out  of  36  meetings  to  be  held 
at  such  a  place.  One  of  the  remaining  10  meetings  was  held 
in  tents  near  a  city.  The  Mo. Ph.  A.  congratulates  the  lU.Ph.A. 
on  deciding  to  meet  at  a  Summer  resort  in   1914. 

The  Mo.Ph..\.  was  organized  primarily  to  secure  a  phar- 
macy  law,   and   has   been   busy   ever  since   that   time   trying   to 


improve  the  legislation  and  prevent  undesirable  enactments. 
Since  the  passage  of  the  present  law  the  members  have  been 
inclined  to  let  well  enough  alone.  This  is  an  off  year,  as  the 
Legislature  does  not  meet.  It  is  not  likely  that  much  time 
will  be  devoted  to  the  discussion  of  legislation. 

The  U.S. P.  IX  is  being  anticipated,  and  William  Mittel- 
bach,  of  Boonville,  is  chairman  of  the  committee  which  has 
submitted  a  number  of  recommendations  for  the  use  of  the 
Committee  on  Revision.  The  National  Formulary  is  very 
popular  in  Missouri  and  O.  J.  Cloughly,  of  St.  Louis,  is  chair- 
man ef  the  committee.  Mrs.  M.  M.  Whitney,  of  Kansas  City, 
will  report  on  "Drug  Adulterations."  At  one  time  the  report 
on  Trade  Interests  was  a  feature  of  the  Mo. Ph. A.  meeting. 
J.  A.  Kinder,  of  Cape  Girardeau,  is  now  chairman  of  the 
committee  and  promises  an  interesting  and  instructive  paper 
at  the  June  meeting.  Professor  Francis  Hemm,  of  St.  Louis, 
is  chairman  of  the  committee  on  Papers  and  Queries  and 
reports  that  practical  papers,  discussions,  exhibits  and  demon- 
strations will   be  a   feature  this  year. 

The  Board  of  Pharmacy  will  hold  an  examination  at  Pertle 
Springs  the  day  previous  to  the  opening  of  the  Mo. Ph. A. 
meeting.  R.  A.  Doyle,  of  East  Prairie,  is  a  new  member  of 
the  board.  He  is  expected  to  take  an  active  part  in  the  1914 
meeting  of  the  Mo. Ph. A.  meeting.  The  entertainment  feature 
so  long  prominent  at  Mo. Ph. A.  meetings  will  be  under  the 
direction  of  ex-president  Lorenz  A.  Seitz,  of  St.  Louis.  Presi- 
dent Edward  G.  Schroers,  of  St.  Joseph,  belongs  to  the  business 
type  of  retail  pharmacists,  but  also  appreciates  and  gives  due 
attention  to  the  professional  side  of  the  calling.  His  adminis- 
tration is  being  marked  by  progress  along  the  several  lines  of 
activities  in  pharmacy. 


Wisconsin   Ph.A. 

The  Wisconsin  Ph. A.  is  taking  an  active  part  in  the  cam- 
paign being  waged  in  Wisconsin  against  fraudulent  advertising, 
and  the  association  is  officially  represented  in  the  central 
vigilance  committee,  which  has  been  organized  by  representa- 
tives of  all  the  leading  trade  associations  in  the  State,  for  the 
purpose  of  seeing  that  the  new  Wisconsin  reform  advertising 
law  is  strictly  enforced.  'We  want  to  convince  the  buyer  that 
the  best  goods  for  him  are  advertised  goods ;  and  that  is  why 
we  must  convince  him  that  advertised  goods  are  honest  goods, 
and  why  we  have  organized  to  prevent  fraudulent  advertising," 
said  A.  M.  Candee,  chairman  of  the  vigilance  committee. 
"Our  vigilance  committee  hears  complaints  of  misleading  ad- 
vertising and  investigates  them.  We  have  looked  into  more 
than  25  complaints,  and  in  cases  where  necessary,  we  have 
had  the  advertisers  rewrite  their  copy  to  eliminate  objectionable 
features.  Sometimes  the  signs  on  the  buildings  misrepresent 
facts.  .\t  other  times  the  price  tags  and  %vindow  display 
advertising  are  misleading,  and  sometimes  it  is  the  advertise- 
ments in  the  newspapers  that  are  objectionable.  We  have  to 
be  especially  vigilant  against  fake  concerns  which  open  up 
from  time  to  time.  We  keep  them  out  pretty  well.  We  do 
not  want  to  resort  to  prosecutions  and  suits.  We  prefer  con- 
structive, rather  than  destructive  activity.  If  we  can  induce 
the  advertiser  to  eliminate  objectionable  claims,  we  think  we 
have  accomplished  more  than  we  would  by  invoking  the  law 
against  him." 


Maine  Ph.A. 
In  an  endeaor  to  make  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Maine 
Ph.A.  at  Bangor  of  more  interest  and  of  more  real  practical 
value,  the  section  on  papers  has  decided  to  offer  money  and 
goods  prizes  aggregating  $65  for  the  best  papers  on  any 
subject  relating  to  ethical  or  professional  pharmacy,  commercial 
pharmacy,  biological  products,  apparatus  required,  the  advan- 
tages of  a  college  training,  etc.  Several  special  prizes  are 
offered  for  the  best  papers  on :  "My  Best-paying  Side  Line" ; 
"Shall  We  Take  Prescriptions  Over  the  Telephone?";  "Are 
Long-hour  Days  Imperative  in  the  Drug  Business?";  "Methods 
of  Combatting  Cut  Prices" ;  "What  Shall  We  Display  in  Our 
Windows?":  "Is  the  Narcotic  Law  of  1913  Working  Success- 
fully?"; "Compounding  Difficulties  I  Have  Encountered"; 
"Why  I  Am  in  the  Drug  Business." 


Connecticut  Ph.A. 

The  midwinter  meeting  of  the  Connecticut  Pharmaceutical 
Association  was  held  in  New  Haven,  Feb.  10,  with  an  unusually 
large   attendance.      Considerable   was  said  concerning   the   laws 


122 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[March,  1914 


relating  to  the  control  of  the  sale  of  narcotics.  John  A. 
Leverty,  of  the  State  Pharmacy  Commission,  "answered  ques- 
tions," that  is,  instead  of  making  an  address  on  narcotic  and 
poison  laws,  he  gave  a  great  deal  of  pertinent  information  in 
response  to  queries  from  his  audience.  Thomas  F.  Main,  of 
Xew  York,  told  of  the  efforts  being  made  to  control  the  inter- 
state shipment  of  narcotics,  and  expressed  the  belief  that  tlie 
Harrison  bill,  now  pending,  would  check  the  traffic  to  a  large 
extent.  C.  P.  Gladding,  of  Hartford,  spoke  for  the  legislative 
committee  of  the  State  association,  and  predicted  a  national 
law  to  control  drug  traffic.  The  matter  of  price-protection 
and  the  control  of  the  retail  price  by  the  manufacturer  developed 
considerable  discussion,  with  the  result  that  a  committee  to 
consider  the  subject  was  appointed  by  the  chair. 


])Iassachusetts  Fh.A. 
The  midwinter  session  of  the  Massachusetts  Pharmaceutical 
Association  was  held  at  the  Bay  State  Hotel,  Worcester,  on 
Feb.  9,  the  time  being  devoted  to  the  consideration  of  some 
85  bills  which  affect  pharmacy  or  pharmacists,  now  before 
the  State  Legislature.  One  hundred  and  fifty  members  of  the 
association  gathered  from  various  sections  of  the  State,  and 
after  the  report  of  the  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee, 
Fred  A.  Hubbard,  of  Newton,  took  up  the  bills  separately  and 
either  indorsed  or  rejected  them.  About  half  the  measures 
discussed  were  declared  satisfactory  to  the  druggists.  The 
association  was  very  strongly  opposed  to  the  sale  of  narcotics, 
and  the  slogan  of  the  gathering  was  "Restrict  both  the  pharma- 
cist and  the  outsider  in  the  sale  of  narcotics."  Prof.  Chas.  F. 
XLxon,  of  Leominster,  reported  on  the  progress  of  bills  affecting 
the  drug  trade  in  Congress.  Officers  are  chosen  at  the  Sum- 
mer convention,  which  will  be  held  either  at  Swampscott  or 
Xantasket  at  a  time  yet  to  be  decided  upon.  This  midwinter 
meeting  is  for  the  purpose  of  considering  legislation,  and  it 
was  declared  to  be  one  of  the  most  successful  yet  held  by  the 
Massachusetts  body. 


BICHLORIDE    BILL    MAY    PASS    AT    ALBANY. 


N.   Y.   Branch   Members  Learn  About  State   Legisla- 
tion— Dr.  Diekman  Reports  Progress  of  Pharmacy. 

A  BRIEF  report  on  the  local  legislative  situation  was  made 
by  John  Roemer  at  the  February  meeting  of  the  New 
York  branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Associa- 
tion, held  at  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy.  Mr.  Roemer 
outlined  the  provisions  of  the  Towns-Boylan  anti-narcotic  bill 
which  would,  if  enacted,  restrict  the  sale  of  all  narcotics.  Mr. 
Towns  had  failed  to  pass  this  measure  last  year  and  had 
this  year  enlisted  the  help  of  Mrs.  Wm.  K.  Vanderbilt.  Mr. 
Roemer  thought  that  Mr.  Towns  was  sincere  and  that  there 
was  nothing  ulterior  in  his  motives:  "His  success  lies  with 
the  pharmacists  and  the  legislature."  A  member  of  the  branch 
had  been  at  Albany  when  the  mercury  bichloride  tablet  bill 
had  come  up  in  committee.  It  was  very  likely  that  the  meas- 
ure would  have  to  go  through  with  a  possible  provision  relative 
to  sale  on  prescription. 

Dr.  George  C.  Diekman,  chairman  of  the  committee  on 
progress  of  pharmacy,  reported  interestingly  upon  a  number  of 
new  developments — called  attention  to  the  adulteration  of  oleic 
acid  with  paraffin  and  fish  oils,  enlarged  upon  a  process  for 
the  detection  of  sesame  oil,  explained  a  suggested  estimation 
for  morphine  and  presented  a  brief  of  an  article  on  the  sub- 
stitution of  tincture  of  iodine  in  surgical  practice.  Some 
interesting  notes  of  false  nux  vomica  seeds  and  false  buchu 
leaves  and  observations  by  two  authors  on  the  mixture  of  cow 
butter  and  yellow  wax,  were  other  subjects  touched  on  by 
Dr.  Diekman. 

Dr.  Jacob  Diner  made  some  interesting  observations  relative 
to  the  recent  exposition  at  Madison  Square  Garden.  The 
members  had  found  themselves  in  a  very  embarrassing  position 
and  he  trusted  the  incident  would  prove  a  valuable  lesson. 
His  remarks  were  to  the  effect  that  the  branch  should  not 
permit  some  of  its  interested  members  to  drag  that  body  into 
a  commercial  enterprise. 

Mr.  Roemer  read  a  paper  upon  the  subject,  "Value  of 
Present  Methods  of  Water  Analysis  in  Relation  to  Disease." 
He  enumerated  the  uses  for  water — commerce,  manufacture, 
drinking  purposes,  fisheries,  etc.  The  utility  of  water,  he 
asserted,  was  due  to  its  powers  of  solution.  The  ability  to 
determine  the  fitness  or  unfitness  of  water  required  the  highest 


development  of  chemistry  today.  Research  has  evolved 
methods  and  developed  standards.  Bacteriology,  however,  has 
shattered  many  of  the  ideas  current  during  the  cliemical  water 
analysis  period.  The  speaker  touched  on  two  classes  of  water, 
rain  and  surface,  and  stated  tliat  the  organic  matter  in  water 
was  of  vital  concern  to  the  analyst.  He  described  the  am- 
monia and  chlorine  determination  processes.  In  analyzing 
water,  the  topographical  features  of  its  source,  the  "survey," 
should  be  considered.  In  water  analysis  there  are  certain  fixed 
standards  whidi  are  not  to  be  exceeded. 

Dr.    Joseph   Weinstein  reported   a    balance    in   the   treasury- 
amounting  to  $67. 


ENACT  HARRISON  BILL,  DRUGGISTS    PETITION. 


Kings    County    Ph.S.    Members    Unanimously    Adopt 
Resolution    to    Advance    Anti-Narcotic    Measure. 

PRESIDENT  H.  B.  SMITH  called  to  order  the  February 
meeting  of  the  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical  Society,, 
held  at  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy.  By  resolution, 
unanimously  adopted,  the  members  requested  the  United  States 
Senate  Finance  Committee  to  report  out  the  Harrison  bill, 
and  especially  requested  Senators  Root  and  O'Gorman  to  give 
their  personal  efforts  to  securing  the  immediate  enactment  of 
that  measure.  In  the  words  of  the  resolution,  the  bill  "has- 
been  held  in  the  Senate  Finance  Committee  for  several  months 
for  reasons  beyond  our  knowledge."  T.  J.  France,  chairmaru 
of  the  committee  of  supervision,  called  attention  to  the  fact 
that  the  Brooks'  weights  and  measures  law  was  now  in  effect. 

In  behalf  of  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  chairman  of  the  legis- 
lative committee,  who  was  absent,  J.  H.  Rehfuss  reported  that 
the  new  police  commissioner  was  not  prepared  to  state  his 
position  on  the  subject  of  Sunday  drug  store  sales.  The 
commissioner  did  say,  however,  that  he  would  see  that  the  law 
was  observed.  According  to  Mr.  Rehfuss,  the  "one  day  of 
rest  in  seven"  law  will  be  enforced,  but  technical  violations 
will  for  a  time  be  overlooked.  A  statement  to  this  effect  had 
been  secured  from  the  deputy  commissioner.  Mr.  Rehfuss. 
further  pointed  out  that,  according  to  the  ruling  of  Attorney- 
General  Carmody,  the  labor  law  superseded  the  132-hour  pro- 
I'ision  of  the  pharmacy  law,  and  that  Commissioner  of  Labor 
James  M.  Lynch  will  not  allow  that  a  prescription  clerk  is  a 
"manager"  or  a  "superintendent." 

Mr.  Rehfuss  presented  a  schedule  which  he  said  complied' 
with  the  law,  and  which  he  asserted  the  Commissioner  of 
Labor  believed  to  comply  with  the  law.  The  schedule  is  as- 
follows : 

Monday  (1),  Tuesday  (2),  Wednesday  (3),  Thursday  (4), 
Friday  (5),  Saturday  (6),  Sunday  (7)  day  off;  Monday  (8),. 
Tuesday  (9),  Wednesday  (10),  day  off;  Thursday  (11), 
Friday '(12),   Saturday   (13),  Sunday   (14). 

That  the  members  should  not  drop  the  labor  law  question 
without  a  fight  was  Mr.  Rehfuss'  opinion.  The  next  thing: 
would  be  an  eight-hour  day,  which  would  mean  two  men  to  a 
store.  "They  are  lifting  the  burden  from  the  clerk  and  putting- 
it  on  the  proprietor."  The  members,  he  said,  should  oppose 
the  labor  law  because  in  its  operation  it  does  not  give  the 
clerks  as  much  time  off  as  under  the  pharmacy  law.  In  living: 
up  to  the  law  neither  the  clerk  nor  the  proprietor  is  benefitted. 
An  attempt  will  be  made  to  amend  the  pharmacy  law  so  as- 
to    make    it    supersede    the    "one    day    of    rest    in    seven"    law. 

Mr.  Rehfuss  concluded  by  asserting  that  the  society  should' 
have  a  man  at  every  hearing  in  Albany  to  rebutt  all  objections 
to  needed  legislation.  One  man  finds  it  exceedingly  difficult 
to  successfully  handle  the  situation  at  a  well  attended  hearing. 
N.Y.S.P.A.  bills  before  the  present  Legislature  aim  to  change 
the  phrase  "may  appoint"  in  the  pharmacy  law  in  reference  to 
appointment  to  the  Board  of  Pharmacy  by  the  Board  of 
Regents  to  "must  be  appointed"  ;  to  do  away  w-ith  the  sale  of  pink 
stry-chnine  tablets,  and  to  prevent  the  giving  away  of  premiums. 
The  bill  providing  that  the  owner  of  a  pharmacy  must  be  a 
regularly  licensed  pharmacist  will  not  be  pushed,  upon  advice- 
of  counsel. 


Drug  Trade  Section  Would  Amend  Postal  Regulation. 
At  the   February  meeting  of  the  Drug  Trade  Section  of  the 
New  York  Board  of  Trade  and  Transportation,  the  legislative- 
committee    was   authorized   to   present   the    following   proposed* 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARilACEUTICAL   EEA 


123 


amendment,  as  a  substitute  provision  for  paragraph  4  of  the 
regulations  under  Section  472  of  the  Postal  Law : 

"iledicinal  preparations  which  contain  poisons  in 
sufficient  quantity  and  form,  in  combination  with  other 
ingredients  to  be  used  exclusively  as  a  curative  or 
remedial  substance  and  which  are  not  dangerous  or 
injurious  to  li.e,  safety,  health  or  property  may  be  ad- 
mitted to  the  mails  for  transmission  in  the  domestic 
mails  when  enclosed  in  packages  in  conformity  with  the 
conditions  prescribed  in  Section  474;  provided  that  the 
article  mailed  bears  a  superscription  of  the  manu- 
facturer thereof,  or  dealer  therein,  or  of  the  licensed 
physician,  pharmacist,  dentist  or  veterinarian  preparing 
or  prescribing  the  same." 


G.A.S.   CONSIDERING  MEETING  WITH   DOCTORS. 


diairman    N.Y.S.P.A.    Propaganda    Committee    OfiEers 
Assistance — Dr.    Eug«n  Friedmann  Lectures. 

PRESIDENT  DR.  CH.\RLES  F.  KLIPPERT  called  to 
order  the  February  meeting  of  the  German  .Apothecaries' 
Society,  which  occasion  was  marked  by  an  imusually  good 
attendance.  S.  %'.  B.  Swann,  chairman  of  the  legislative  com- 
mittee, presented  an  extensive  and  very  comprehensive  report 
on  prospective  State  legislation.  The  features  of  this  report 
are  presented  on  another  page  of  this  issue.  Corresponding 
Secretary  C.  Baum  read  a  communication  from  John  Roemer, 
chairman  of  the  X.Y.S.P..A..  propaganda  committee,  in  which 
the  latter  solicited  the  views  of  the  society  as  to  holding  a 
joint  meeting  of  physicians  and  pharmacists  under  its  auspices. 
Mr.  Roemer's  committee  was  ready  to  carry  out  any  suggestions 
which  the  society  might  make  and  if  desirable  would  supply 
supplementary  speakers  for  the  occasion.  The  matter  was 
referred  to  the  scientific  committee,  of  which  Otto  Rauben- 
heimer  is  chairman.  Felix  Hirseman  praised  the  activity  of 
Mr.   Roemer  in  the  advancement  of  propaganda. 

Otto  Raubenheimer,  in  his  capacity  as  chairman  of  the 
scientific  committee,  announced  that  the  lectures  on  the  pro- 
gramme for  the  coming  year  would  be  equally  as  interesting 
as  those  presented  last  year.  Several  well-known  authors  had 
prombed  to  address  the  society.  Mr.  Raubenheimer  also  intro- 
duced Dr.  Eugen  Friedmann,  who  delivered  an  interesting 
lecture  on  "The  Future  of  Pharmacy,"  a  brief  abstract  of 
which  is  presented  below  on  this  page.  During  the  ensuing  dis- 
cussion the  subject  of  the  sale  of  goods  in  drug  stores  on 
Sunday  was  brought  up.  George  T.  Rieffelin  reported  that 
Alderman  Curran  had  said  there  was  no  city  ordinance  for  the 
regulation  of  sales  on  Sunday.  Among  those  who  discussed 
Dr.  Friedmaim's  lecture  were  Alderman  Fred  Trau,  Felix 
Hirseman,  George  Huether,  Charles  H.  Lowe,  Charles  F. 
Schleussner,  H.  L.  Rehse,  S.  V.  B.  Swann,  Otto  P.  Gilbert, 
Emil  Roller  and  others. 

Mr.  Hirseman  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  some  of  the 
suggestions  anent  propaganda  made  by  Dr.  Friedmann  had 
been  tried  years  ago  and,  he  was  sorry  to  say,  without  success. 
The  certification  of  pharmacies,  he  asserted,  could  not  be  car- 
ried out  successfully.  The  Board  of  Pharmacy  was  the  only 
proper  authority  for  the  suitable  inspection  of  pharmacies  and 
for  the  uplift  of  the  profession.  Mr.  Roller  called  attention  to 
the  difficulties  and  expense  which  would  attend  proper  pro- 
paganda. He  praised  the  interesting  remarks  of  the  speaker. 
All  those  who  discussed  the  lecture  favored  propaganda.  Presi- 
dent Dr.  Klippert  thanked  the  speaker  in  behalf  of  the  society. 

Robert  S.  Lehman,  treasurer  of  the  European  trip  committee, 
reported  that  there  was  no  doubt  as  to  the  success  of  the  trip. 
Those  who  wish  to  go  along  should  send  in  their  applica- 
tions at  once:  the  desirable  bookings  are  being  rapidly  taken 
up.  By  letter  from  Cleveland,  Dr.  Wm.  C.  .A.lpers,  chairman  of 
the  above  committee,  expressed  the  hope  that  the  society  would 
consider  him  as  coming  imder  the  constitutional  provision, 
"in  the  vicinity  of  New  York  City,"  and  would  continue  his 
membership. 

-\  resolution  introduced  by  Ex-President  Charles  F.  Schleuss- 
ner condemning  the  director  of  a  local  German  theater  for 
presenting  a  play  which  he  considered  unpatriotic,  was-tmani- 
mously  adopted.  The  chairman  of  the  press  committee  was 
instructed  to  have  the  resolution  published  in  the  daily  press. 

Louis  Berger  reported  that  he  had  met  Wilhelm  Bodemann, 
an  honorar\'  member,  at  Tampa,  Fla.,  and  that  the  latter  had 
instructed   Mr.   Berger  to  convey  his  greetings   to  the   society. 


The  greetings  were  appropriately  received,  President  Dr.  Klip- 
pert taking  occasion  to  toast  Mr.  Bodemann  in  response  toJiis 
good  wishes. 

Dr.  Friedmann  deplored  the  dwindling  of  the  prescription 
business  in  the  average  drug  store,  and  stated  that  this  was 
largely  due  to  the  druggists  themselves.  The  time  has  come 
when  the  physicians  must  be  inspired  with  greater  confidence, 
so  that  they  will  be  more  willing  to  prescribe,  and  cease  to 
encourage  the  traffic  in  ready-made  patent  medicines.  Messrs. 
Roemer  and  Rehfuss  have  already  begun  a  propaganda  among 
the  various  hospitals,  endeavoring  to  get  the  pharmacists  and 
physicians  to  call  the  attention  of  students  to  the  \-a!ue  of  the 
various  drugs  and  chemicals  and  their  combinations.  As  a 
further  means  of  increasing  prescription  work,  it  is  advisable 
to  visit  physicians  personally,  and  set  forth  the  objects  of  the 
propaganda. 

.■\  heav7  handicap  in  .'\inerica  is  the  almost  total  ignorance 
of  the  therapeutic  agents  on  the  part  of  physicians,  which 
naturally  prevents  them  from  writing  proper  prescriptions.  To 
combat  this  the  best  means  is  a  pocket  formularj-,  such  as 
has  been  issued  by  the  Deutscher  Apotheker-Verein,  of  Berlin. 
This  work  contains  576  formulas  for  prescriptions,  carefully 
classified.  In  getting  up  such  a  formulary,  the  co-operation 
of  the  most  prominent  hospital  heads  and  physicians  is  needed. 
In  Germany  almost  every  physician  possesses  one  of  these 
books.  .Another  question  is,  can  every  pharmacist  put  up  a 
prescription  lege  artis?  Or  are  the  physicians  right  when 
they  say,  "We  are  forced  to  prescribe  patent  medicines,  be- 
cause we  are  not  sure  that  a  prescription  will  contain  what 
we  order"?  This  is  partly  true,  and  must  be  changed.  Con- 
fidence on  the  part  of  the  physician,  and  absolute  reliability  on 
the   part  of  the  druggist   are  the  foundations  for  any  success. 


GERMAN  APOTHECARIES  CELEBRATE. 


Society   Marks   63d   Year   of   Existence   by   Holding 
Kommers,  Banquet  and  Dance  at  Terrace  Garden. 

IT  was  a  jolly  gathering  that  celebrated  the  63d  anniversary 
of  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society,  held  at  Terrace 
Garden  on  the  evening  of  Lincoln's  birthday.  The  cele- 
bration this  year  was  in  the  nature  of  a  kommers,  and  in- 
cluded the  ladies.  This  feature  was  followed  by  a  banquet  in 
the  large  dining  room  of  the  Garden,  which  was  appropriately 
decorated  with  .American  and  German  flags.  Nearly  200  per- 
sons sat  down  to  the  repast.  Dancing  concluded  the  pro- 
gramme. 

The  kommers  began  at  10  o'clock.  Otto  P.  Gilbert,  chair- 
man of  the  entertainment  committee,  officiated  as  the  praeses 
and  showed  his  experience  in  the  customs  of  German  students 
by  greeting  the  members  and  guests  in  Latin.  He  ordered  the 
first  salamander  as  a  toast  to  the  ladies.  This  was  followed 
by  a  song,  "Frauenlob,"  composed  by  one  of  the  members, 
Herman  Weller.  The  well-known  comic,  Hugo  Feix,  gave 
several  recitations  and  songs.  His  scientific  paper  on  "La 
Grippe"  would  not  have  passed  in  any  medical  examination. 
Miss  Irene  Ferency  sang  two  songs.  She  was  accompanied  by 
C.  W.  Wagner. 

The  second  general  song  by  the  assemblage,  entitled  ".A 
Surprise,"  was  composed  by  President  Dr.  Klippert.  Mrs.  George 
Haustein,  a  niece  of  an  old-time  member,  Paul  .Amdt,  played 
several  selections  upon  the  violin,  earning  considerable  applause. 
F.  J.  Budelmann,  a  baritone,  sang  several  songs  which  were 
well  received.  "Our  Trip  to  Europe,"  was  the  title  of  a  song 
composed  by  Otto  P.  Gilbert  and  sung  by  all.  "The  Life  of  a 
Pharmacist,"  vrritten  by  Mr.  Weller,  was  the  last  general  song 

Following  the  kormners,  the  members,  led  by  the  president, 
marched  to  the  dining  room,  where  five  long  tables  had  been 
arranged  and  an  excellent  supper  was  served.  President  Dr. 
Klippert  took  occasion  to  greet  those  present  and  to  give 
particular  praise  to  Mr.  Gilbert  for  his  work  as  chairman  of 
the  entertainment  committee  in  preparing  this  festival.  He 
thanked  the  artists  who  had  made  up  the  evening's  programme 
and  concluded  by  toasting  the  guests,  the  members  joining  in 
heartily  in  the  latter  ceremony.  Paul  Amdt  was  the  only  other 
speaker.  He  also  praised  the  entertainment  committee  for  its 
activities  and  concluded  by  toasting  its  members  with  a  "Hoch 
sollen  sie  leben." 

The  banquet  ended  about  1 :  45  a.m.,  the  younger  element 
present  having  been  long  anxious  for  the  dancing  to  begin. 
At  4 :  30  o'clock  the  strains  of  "Home,  Sweet  Home"  concluded 


124 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[March,  1914 


the  third  feature  of  the  celebration,  and  even  then  some  of  the 
dancers  deemed   it  "too  early"  to  go  home. 

The  committee  which  arranged  lor  the  celebration  consisted 
of  Otto  P.  Gilbert,  chairman;  Henry  F.  Albert,  Felix  Hirse- 
man,  Robert  S.  Lehman,  George  T.  Rieffelin,  Carl  Wipper- 
n-.aim  and  Hugo  Kantrowitz,  the  last-named  acting  as  floor 
manager. 


Women's  Phaiiuaceutical,  Pacific  Coast. 
The  January  meeting  of  the  Women's  Pharmaceutical  .\sso- 
ciation  of  the  Pacific  Coast  was  held  at  San  Francisco.  The 
chairman  of  the  committee  on  papers  had  prepared  an  elaborate 
progranmie  for  the  evening  and  many  new  points  on  the 
preparation  of  tincture  of  cudbear,  prescription  compounding  and 
a  serviceable  label  varnish  were  discussed.  An  interesting  paper 
on  "Radium"  was  read  by  Dr.  Barbat-Winslow ;  Miss  Low  read 
a  paper  on  "Emetine  Hydrochloride,"  and  Mrs.  Kane  presented 
a  paper  on  "Lloyd's  Reagent."  Mrs.  White  showed  samples 
of  alcresta,  tasteless  strychnine  tablets,  morphine  and  berberine. 
The  following  officers  will  serve  the  association  for  the  ensuing 
year:  Mrs.  R.  E.  White,  president;  Miss  Clarissa  Roehr,  1st 
vice-president ;  Miss  Ethel  E.  Nelson,  2d  vice-president ;  Dr. 
J.  E.  B.  W'inslow,  secretary;  Mrs.  A.  D.  Kane,  treasurer.  The 
February  meeting  of  the  association  was  held  in  San  Fran- 
cisco Feb.  27. 


N.Y.R.D.A.  Holds  Banquet  Later  Than  TJsuaL 
The  annual  banquet  of  the  New  York  Retail  Druggists' 
.Association  was  held  recently  at  the  Elsemere,  East  126th 
street,  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein  officiating  as  the  toastmaster.  The 
feature  of  the  occasion  was  the  presentation  of  a  beautiful 
diamond-studded  watch  charm  to  Peter  Diamond,  the  gift 
being  in  appreciation  of  the  work  Jlr.  Diamond  has  done  in 
behalf  of  the  organization.  .Among  the  speakers  were  Caswell 
.A.  Mayo,  president-elect  of  the  .A.Ph..A. ;  J.  Leon  Lascoff, 
member  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy;  John  Wall,  also  on  the 
board,  and  others.     Following  the  banquet,  dancing  was  enjoyed. 

THE   CHICAGO  DRUG  CLUB. 


The  first  monthly  meeting  of  the  new  year  was  held  by  the 
Chicago  Drug  Club  at  the  new  Hotel  Sherman,  which,  when 
it  was  the  old  Sherman  House,  was  the  headquarters  for  the 
Social  Drug  Club  of  Chicago,  from  which  the  present  organi- 
zation sprang.  All  of  the  living  charter  members  and  the 
"old  guard"  turned  out  and  mingled  with  the  younger  genera- 
tion in  celebrating  the  "Home  Coming  Night"  of  the  club  in 
Its  new   headquarters. 

The  surprise  of  the  evening  came  when  Mr.  Comstock,  of 
the  well-known  firm  of  Wohl  &  Comstock,  presented  the  club 
with  a  framed  steel  cut  of  an  emblem  which  was  received 
with  so  much  favorable  comment  and  appreciation  on  the  part 
of  all  those  present  that  on  motion  made  by  Mr.  Keim,  this 
emb'em  was  unanimously  adopted  as  the  official  insignia  of  the 
club.  Presiding  Officer  Henry  Schaper  and  Mr.  Potts  both 
in  short  talks  expressed  the  appreciation  and  thanks  of  the 
club  to  Mr.  Comstock  and  his  firm. 

One  of  the  early  presidents  and  pioneers  in  the  club's  his- 
tory, the  Hon.  Fred  Kellett,  presided  as  toastmaster  during 
the  'social  session.  Messrs.  Quales,  Fry,  Larson,  Hoelzer  and 
Pelikan,  as  past  presidents,  addressed  the  club  and  spoke 
feelingly  of  their  happiness  to  again  find  themselves  near  the 
spot  where  the  original  organization  was  founded.  John 
Schwalbke,  the  faithful  %vorker  and  financial  secretary  of  the 
club  gave  one  of  his  interesting  talks  on  the  history  of  the 
organization.  The  speaker  of  the  evening,  Hugh  Craig,  the 
new  editor  of  the  Journal  of  the  N.A.R.D.,  received  a  rousing 
welcome.  Among  others  who  addressed  the  meeting  were 
Dr   Pritchard,  Messrs.  Roth,  Keim,  Potts  and  McCracken. 

The  usual  high-class  programme  of  cabaret  entertainers  was 
presented  by  the  efficient  chairman  of  the  entertainment  com- 
mittee A  Hergert.  which  enlivened  the  evering  and  made 
"Home  Coming  Night"  a  decided  success.  The  annual  re- 
cepfon  and  ba'l,  a  Valentine  party,  was  held  at  the  Hotel 
La  Salle,   Feb.   13. 

Boston  Drug^sts'  Association. 
The   Boston    Druggists'    Association,   the    oldest    organization 
connected    wth    New    England    pharmaceutical    interests,    held 
its  annual  dinner   at   Young's   Hotel.      At   the   annuM   busmess 


meeting,  which  preceded  the  dinner,  the  following  officers  were 
elected:  President,  Willi:im  S.  Briry;  treasurer,  George  H. 
Ingraham;  secretary,  iLirry  C.  Wiggin;  executive  committee, 
Fred  L.  Carter,  Jr.,  Charles  V.  Ripley,  H.  E.  Bowman,  .Azro- 
M.  Dows,  Robert  C.  MacGowan,  Alfred  H.  Bartlett  and 
Charles  C.  Hearn;  membership  committee,  C.  E.  M.  Harring- 
ton, A.  L.  Mackusick,  James  O.  Jordan,  Ralph  R.  Patch  and 
Theodore  J.  Bradley.  The  following  were  elected  to  member- 
ship: (.Seorge  E.  Grover,  of  Somerville;  Newton  C.  Smith,  of 
Medford ;  W.  H.  Corliss,  M.  E.  Nourse  and  R.  E.  McLaren, 
of   Boston. 

About  70  members  sat  down  to  dinner,  which  was  served  at 
6:30.  The  special  guests  were  E.  Elmer  Foye,  vice-president 
of  the  Old  Colony  Trust  Company,  of  Boston,  and  Hon. 
Albert  P.  Langtry,  of  Springfield,  former  Secretary  of  State. 
Mr.  Foye  spoke  on  hanking  and  its  modern  methods.  Mr. 
Langtry  spoke  on  "Destruction  of  Old  Methods  of  Govern- 
ment," and  he  said  that  while  he  was  probably  the  father  of 
the  direct  primary  law,  he  felt  that  a  great  mistake  had  been 
made  in  entirely  doing  away  with  the  State  convention.  The 
people  are  reasonably  well  informed  regarding  the  qualifications 
of  the  candidates  for  Governor  and  often  know  considerable 
about  the  candidates  for  Lieutenant-Governor,  but  he  ventured 
the  prediction  that  where  the  candidates  last  Fall  were  not 
holding  the  offices  and  seeking  renomination  not  one  voter 
in  a  hundred  had  the  slightest  idea  of  their  respective 
merits.  He  contended  that  State  conventions  of  the  different 
parties  should  make  the  nominations  for  secretary  of  State, 
treasurer,  auditor  and  attorney-general,  and  that  the  wisdom 
of  the  delegates  would  be  greater  than  the  wisdom  of  the 
people.  He  believed  the  delegates  to  these  conventions  should 
be  chosen  under  the  direct  primary. 


Boston    A.R.D.    AnnuaL 

The  annual  dinner  of  the  Boston  Association  of  Retail 
Druggists  was  held  at  the  American  House,  with  about  75 
members  present.  The  board  of  officers  was  re-elected,  and  the 
members  showed  their  appreciation  of  the  services  of  President 
Frank  F.  Ernst  by  presenting  him  with  a  large  electric  table 
lamp.  The  other  officers  are:  John  J.  Tobin,  1st  vice-president, 
Frank  E.  Wingate,  2d  vice-president;  J.  W.  Kilgore,  3d  vice- 
president;  L.  W.  Griffin,  treasurer;  Charles  H.  Davis,  sec- 
retary. The  special  guests  were  Albert  J.  Brunelle,  secretary 
of  the  State  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy;  and  James  F. 
Finneran,  president  of  the  N.  A.R.D.  Mr.  Brunelle  dis- 
cussed the  new  State  registration  law,  which  defines  a  drug 
store,  and  limits  and  prescribes  the  duties  of  an  unregistered 
clerk.  Mr.  Finneran  discussed  the  value  of  organization,  and 
as  an  illustration  spoke  of  the  recent  conference  in  Washington 
on  the  narcotic  bill,  which  was  satisfactory  to  all  interests 
except  the  retailer,  and  this,  he  pointed  out,  was  because  the 
retailer  had  not  been  represented  through  an  organization  at 
the  conferences  and  meetings  when  the  bill  was  discussed  and 
framed.  Since  the  recent  conference,  however,  said  Mr.  Fin- 
neran, the  unsatisfactory  features  of  the  bill  had  been  elimi- 
nated, and  it  is  now  satisfactory  to  all  parties.  Mr.  Finneran 
spoke  of  honest  prices,  and  pointed  out  how  the  work  of  the 
N. A.R.D.  for  the  past  16  years  is  now  supplemented  and 
reinforced  by  many  other  retail  organizations. 


BALTIMORE   DRUG  EXCHANGE. 


The  Baltimore  Drug  Exchange  at  its  annual  meeting  in 
January  at  the  Hotel  Emerson,  not  only  elected  officers  and 
transacted  other  business  of  a  somewhat  routine  character, 
but  discussed  various  matters  of  legislation  which  will  claim 
attention  this  Winter  during  the  session  of  the  Maryland 
Legislature.  One  of  these  matters  is  a  draft  of  amendments 
to  the  State  Pure  Food  and  Drug  Law,  designed  to  bring 
the  statute  more  in  harmony  with  the  National  act.  The  mem- 
bers of  the  exchange  are  entirely  convinced  of  the  sense  of 
justice  exercised  by  the  State  Pure  Food  Commissioner,  who 
enforces  the  law  under  the  direction  of  the  State  Board  of 
Health,  and  the  attitude  assumed  by  that  body  has  given  much 
satisfaction  because  of  its  moderation  and  evident  desire  to 
proceed  along  the  lines  of  equity  and  practicability.  But  the 
exchange  is  also  disposed  to  look  to  the  future,  when  an 
official  less  intimately  in  touch  with  the  drug  trade  as  a 
business  and  as  a  profession  may  be  in  office,  and  when  the  i 
law    might    be    used,    as    the    members    of    the    exchange    are 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


125 


informed  it  is  used  in  some  States,  as  an  instrument  of  per- 
secution and  graft.  The  draft  has  been  discussed  with  Dr. 
Caspari  and  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Health,  and  is 
said  to  have  their  full  approval,  all  differences  that  existed 
having  been  adjusted.  Another  bill  that  received  consideration 
at  the  meeting  is  one  providing  for  the  sanitary  inspection  of 
abattoirs,  ice-cream  factories  and  a  large  number  of  other 
establishments,  which  are  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  food 
products.  The  provisions  of  this  bill  also  have  been  gone 
over  with  the  health  authorities,   and  have  their  approval. 

The  annual  reports  were  read  and  passed  upon  and  various 
other  matters  were  disposed  of. 

The  election  of  officers  resulted  as  follows : 

President — James  E.  Hancock,  of   John   F.  Hancock  &   Son. 

1st  Vice-President — A,   E.  Mealy,  of  Gilbert  Bros.  &   Co. 

2d  Vice-President — Joseph  Owens,   of  Carr,   Owens  &   Co. 

Secretary — J.  Emory  Bond,  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co. 

Treasurer — Dr.  A.  R.  L.  Dohme,  of  Sharp  &  Dohme. 

Executive  Committee — A.  C.  Meyer,  of  A.  C.  Meyer  &  Co. ; 
\V.  M.  McCormick,  of  McCormick  &  Co.,  and  J.  L.  Hines,  of 
the  Emerson  Drug  Company. 

The  business  meeting  was  followed  by  a  dinner  on  the 
mezzanine  floor,  at  which  addresses  were  made  among  others 
by  John  B.  Thomas,  of  the  Thomas  &  Thompson  Compaiiy, 
speaking  for  the  Maryland  Pharmaceutical  Association;  R.  E. 
Lee  Williamson,  of  Lee  Williamson  &  Co.,  representing  the 
Baltimore  Retail  Druggists'  Association,  and  Harry  F.  Linde- 
man,  president  of  the  Calvert  Drug  Company,  and  others. 

The  new  president  of  the  exchange,  James  E.  Hancock,  is 
junior  member  of  the  firm  of  John  F.  Hancock  &  Son,  manu- 
facturers of  medicated  lozenges,  tinctures  and  other  pharma- 
ceutical products,  at  Howard  and  Baltimore  streets.  Mr.  Han- 
cock has  been  president  of  the  Maryland  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation and  has  taken  a  most  active  interest  for  years  in  the 
efforts  of  druggists  to  advance  their  interests  professionally 
and  otherwise.  He  has  also  been  energetic  in  looking  after 
legislation  at  Annapolis,  and  his  election  to  head  the  Drug  Ex- 
change, it  is  felt,  will  give  that  body  a  progressive  head  who 
is  in  close  touch  with  the  latest  developments  at  Annapolis, 
where  the  General  Assembly  meets. 


Pennsylvania  Kexall  Club. 
The  12th  annual  State  convention  of  the  Pennsylvania  Rexall 
Club  met  at  the  Fort  Pitt  Hotel,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  with  75 
members  present.  In  the  evening  they  attended  the  Nixon 
theater.  There  were  two  business  meetings,  and  the  session 
ended  with  a  banquet  at  the  Fort  Pitt  Hotel.  The  Rexall 
Club  is  made  up  of  the  agents  for  Rexall  remedies  in  all 
sections  of  the  State,  each  druggist  being  a  stockholder  in  the 
United  Drug  Co.,  of  Boston,  which  is  the  parent  company. 
As  only  one  druggist  in  a  town  is  a  Rexall  agent,  the  selection 
of  such  a  representative  is  a  matter  of  tJie  most  careful  in- 
vestigation by  the  United  Drug  Co.  The  May  Drug  Co.  is 
the  local  representative  and  incidentally,  it  is  the  third  largest 
stockholder  in  the  United  Drug  Co. 


Baltimore  Branch,  Am.  Chem.  Society. 
At  the  February  meeting  of  the  Baltimore  branch  of  the 
American  Chemical  Society,  James  H.  Payne,  chemical  en- 
gineer of  the  Meade  Laboratories,  Inc.,  read  a  paper  on  "The 
Use  of  the  Rotary  Kiln  in  the  Manufacture  of  Chemical  and 
Metallurgical  Products."  He  showed  a  great  many  new  uses 
to  which  the  rotary  kiln  is  being  adapted,  not  only  in  the 
manufacture  of  new  products  but  also  in  the  utilization,  in 
many  industries,  of  what  have  been  considered  waste  products. 
Frank  M.  Boyles,  chief  chemist  of  McCormick  &  Co.,  read  a 
paper  on  "The  Detection  of  Ethyl  Alcohol  in  Essential  Oils." 
Mr.  Boyles  gave  an  outline  o'  the  methods  applicable  for  the 
detection  of  alcohol  in  such  products  as  oil  of  lemon,  and 
detailed  certain  precautions  to  be  observed  in  making  chemical 
examinations  of  essential  oils.  He  also  emphasized  the  extreme 
care  that  must  be  observed  by  chemists  in  drawing  conclusions 
from  the  results  of  their  analyses  of  products  that  come  within 
the  scope  of  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act. 


claimed  by  the  president  of  the  Philadelphia  association,  Albert 
G.  Keller,  that  if  the  druggists  accept  the  ruling  it  will  mean 
that  they  must  take  on  extra  clerks  just  to  handle  the  pack- 
ages. He  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  during  Christmas 
week  the  sub-stations  were  practically  swamped,  and  that  in 
regular  seasons  the  demands  would  be  exceedingly  great  upon 
them.  About  half  of  the  stations  already  take  parcel  post 
packages  and  they  have  not  received  anything  for  their  extra 
work.  Mr.  Keller  puts  it:  "We  do  not  intend  to  work  for 
the  Government  for  nothing,  and  anyone  who  does  is  foolish. 
We  have  forwarded  the  Postmaster  what  we  think  is  a  fair 
demand  and  we  expect  him  to  act  on  our  suggestion.  If  he 
does  not,  a  large  number  of  druggists  will  give  up  their  stations 
sooner  than   be   bothered   with   the   additional   labor   involved." 


Philadelphia  Drug  Club. 
The  annual  election  of  the  Philadelphia  Drug  Club  resulted 
as  follows:  Joseph  H.  Jolly,  president;  George  D.  Feight, 
vice-president;  Charles  C.  Buchanan,  treasurer;  Elmer  H. 
Bobst,  secretary.  These  committees  have  been  appointed :  House, 
George  D.  Feight,  chairman;  Elmer  H.  Bobst  and  Joseph  H. 
Jolly;  membership,  chairman,  Edward  Weaver;  George  Berk- 
hardt  and  Fred  Jones;  finance,  chairman,  William  C.  Fleck; 
Johii  Jolly,  Jr.,  and  George  W.  Chapman;  trustee  fund, 
David  J.  Reese,  chairman;  entertainment,  Otto  Krauss,  chair- 
man; J.  J.  McCollough,  C.  V.  Mangan,  Frank  C.  Turner, 
Thomas  E.  McGuire,  Charles  Rehfuss  and  Peter  S.  Rohn. 
The  Board  of  Governors  is  composed  of:  John  F.  Belsterling, 
George  W.  Fehr,  C.  W.  Haviland,  Frank  W.  Smith,  S.  b'. 
Davis,  D.  J.  Reese,  T.  T.  Eckman,  A.  J.  Staudt,  Penrose 
Jones,  J.  I.  Reinhardt,  E.  T.  Hahn,  John  Jolly,  Jr.,  and  L.  H. 
Davis. 


Kansas   City   Drug   Club. 

The  Kansas  City  Drug  Club  held  its  first  regular  meeting 
since  being  granted  as  a  corporation  by  Judge  Southern,  of 
the  Circuit  Court,  at  the  K.C.  College  of  Pharmacy,  712 
Wyandotte  street.  Plans  of  work  for  the  year  were  outlined 
and  the  following  officers  were  installed: 

A.  N.  Doerschuk,  president;  James  E.  Harris,  vice-president; 
C.  E.  Graham,  secretary;  L.  F.  Zuber,  treasurer;  managing 
trustees,  Jos.  C.  Wirthman,  W.  M.  Federmann,  C.  E.  Zinn, 
J.  W.  Giesburg. 

The  old  K.C.  Retail  Druggists'  Association,  which  this 
club  has  succeeded  and  which  has  been  in  existence  some  30 
years,  met  at  the  same  time  and  resolved  to  disband,  turning 
over  all  assets  to  the  new   Kansas   City   Drug   Club. 


Three    D's    Banquet    at    Far    Rockaway. 

The  doctors,  dentists  and  druggists  of  the  Rockaway  pen- 
insula, which  includes  Woodmere,  Cedarhurst,  Lawrence, 
Inwood,  Far  Rockaway  pnd  Rockaway  Beach,  held  their  second 
annual  banquet  at  the  Far  Rockaway  Club  on  Tuesday  even- 
ing, Feb.  10,  at  which  50  were  present  from  the  different 
professions.  Dr.  J.  Carl  Schmuck,  dean  of  the  medical  and 
allied  professions  in  that  section,  was  toastmaster.  During 
the  dinner  there  was  professional  entertainment  and  the  after- 
dinner  speakers  were :  Dr.  J.  Diner,  Fordham  Medical  Col- 
lege, "Better  Relations  Between  the  Druggists  and  Doctors" ; 
Dr.  Andrews,  of  E.  R.  Squibb  &  Sons,  "Medical  Specialties 
as  an  .Auxiliary  to  the  Practice  of  Medicine  and  Pharmacy"  ; 
Nelson  B.  Hatch,  editor  Medical  Economist,  "Accounts  and 
Collections" ;  F.  A.  Lowe,  president  of  the  Druggists'  .\sso- 
ciation,  "Pharmacy."  The  druggists  have  had  their  associa- 
tion, which  is  incorporated  under  the  name  of  the  Long  Island 
Botanical  Association  for  the  last  nine  years.  Each  year  they 
hold  an  annual  dinner  and  at  least  one  business  meeting. 
Now  they  are  enlarging  the  dinner  by  including  the  doctors 
and  dentists.  The  committee  of  arrangements  this  year  was ; 
Wm.  Chubbuck,  of  Rockaway  Reach ;  F.  D.  Doolittle  and 
F.  A.  Lowe,  of  Far  Rockaway,  and  E.  M.  Raeder,  of  Cedar- 
hurst. 


Philadelphia    Druggists   Want   Parcel    Post   Pay. 

The  Philadelphia  Retail  Druggists  have  rebelled  aga'nst  the 
Government  ruling  that  all  city  sub-stations  should  take  parcel 
post    packages    without    any    additional    remuneration.      It     is 


Drug  and  Chemical  Club  Elects  Governors. 
.^t  the  recent  annual  meeting  of  the  New  York  Drug  and 
Chemical  Club  the  fo'lowing  were  unanimous'y  elected  mem- 
bers of  the  Board  of  Governors  to  serve  three  years:  Robert 
H.  Adams,  Carlton  O  Pate,  Herbert  B.  Harding.  Clarence  G. 
Stone,   Julius  F.  Van  Riper  and  William  H.  Phillips. 


126 


THE   PHAEMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


AMONG  THE  ASSOCIATIONS. 


The  Cincinnati  Penslar  Club  gave  a  banquet  recently  at  the 
Metropole  Hotel,  with  75  present.  The  real  object  of  the 
banquet  was  to  show  druggist  guests  from  Canada  what  a 
success  this  club  has  had  in  Cincinnati,  .\mong  the  guests 
were  .Me.vander  Stewart,  president  of  the  Ontario  College  of 
Pharmacy;  W.  F.  Graham,  of  Ottawa,  Canada;  J.  A.  Smith 
and  M.  J.  Wiirner,  of  Edmonton,  Canada;  J.  S.  Sonner,  of 
Knox^ille.  Tenn.,  and  F.  W.  Keyser,  of  Kansas  City.  The 
Penslar  Club  was  organized  only  about  five  months  ago,  and 
it  now  has  a  membership  of  50  druggists.  Some  of  the  promi- 
nent speakers  during  the  banquet  were  Edward  Ohm,  Cin- 
cinnati representative  of  the  Nelson  Baker  Company,  of  Detroit, 
Mich. :  Mr.  Bolles,  of  the  Weatherhead  Drug  Company,  and 
president  of  the  club,  and  H.  J.  Dusterberg,  of  the  Ohio  Valley 
Druggists'  Association.  Mr.  Kellar,  of  the  Weatherhead  Drug 
Company,  acted  as  toastmaster. 

The  Minneapolis  Drug  Club  has  pledged  its  support  to  the 
movement  to  put  an  end  to  the  illegal  sale  of  cocaine,  heroin, 
morphine  and  their  derivatives,  this  action  following  an  address 
last  month  by  Frank  R.  McDonald,  superintendent  of  the  work- 
house, reporting  on  his  campaign  among  the  prisoners  last 
year.  Dr.  Edwin  L.  Newcomb,  professor  of  pharmacognosy  at 
the  University  of  Minnesota;  C.  S.  Harrington,  of  St.  Paul; 
Dr.  G.  P.  Dunn,  of  Winnipeg;  Dr.  J.  O.  Taft  and  William 
Brinkman,  of  Minneapolis,  were  speakers. 

More  than  250  members  of  the  Chicago  Chapter,  W.O.N. 
A.R.D.  attended  a  card  party  at  the  Hotel  LaSalle,  Feb.  10, 
the  proceeds  of  which  were  devoted  to  the  Druggists'  National 
Home  at  Palmyra,  Wis.  Mrs.  Richard  Voge,  chairman  of  the 
philanthropy  department  of  the  chapter,  was  in  charge  of  the 
e.\ercises,  and  she  was  assisted  in  receiving  by  Mesdames  S.  J. 
Kuflewski,  G.  Frank,  Horace  Nelson,  Thomas  Sweeney,  A.  L. 
Coppock,  J.  A.  Mahaffy,  John  Chwatal,  George  H.  Railfs  and 
H.  A.  Yates. 

President  Frank  H.  Tupper,  of  the  Maine  Pharmaceutical 
Association,  has  announced  the  following  committees  for  the 
ne.\t  convention  of  the  association  which  will  be  held  at  Bangor 
in  June:  Transportation,  M.  L.  Potter,  Danforth,  chairman; 
S.  R.  Crabtree,  Island  Falls;  F.  H.  Neal,  Fairfield;  entertain- 
ment, C.  H.  Davis,  Bangor;  C.  M.  Brown  and  C.  E.  Walmsley, 
Bangor;  W.  Clement  Mutty,  Old  Town,  and  F.  E.  Miller. 
The  ne-xt  convention  of  the  Maine  Ph. A.  is  the  47th  annual. 

The  Cincinnati  Central  Drug  Clerks'  Association  held  its 
installation  of  newly-elected  officers  at  the  Metropole  Hotel. 
There  were  about  100  present,  including  many  members  of  the 
Ohio  Valley  Druggists'  Association.  Emil  Kraft  was  toast- 
master.  Retiring  President  Robert  Schulz  and  Frank  Burg, 
the  newly-elected  president,  made  addresses.  Robert  Wetter- 
stroem,  E.  J.  Hegeman  and  William  Schultz  also  gave  short 
talks.     The  feature  of  the  evening  was  a  cabaret  show. 

The  200th  anniversary  of  the  Springfield  Pharmacists'  As- 
sociation was  celebrated  by  a  banquet  at  the  Highland  Hotel 
in  that  city  at  which  druggists  from  Springfield,  Holyoke  and 
Worcester  were  present.  The  following  officers  were  elected: 
President,  William  C.  B.  Merriam;  vice-president,  A.  E.  Sun- 
ter;  secretary-treasurer,  P.  V.  Erard;  executive  committee, 
C.  P.  Thompson,  E.  F.  Leonard,  D.  F.  Keefe  and  B.  Balch. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Minneapolis  Retail  Druggists' 
Association,  E.  A.  Tupper  was  elected  president;  Henry 
Buehler,  vice-president;  George  Williams,  secretary;  W.  D. 
Savage,  treasurer,  and  Stuart  Gamble,  A.  W.  Thompson,  J.  F. 
Danek,  L.  E.  Schmidley  and  Carl  Schmidt,  executive  com- 
mittee. This  association  was  organized  16  years  ago  and 
meetings  are  held  on  the  first  Thursday  of  each   month. 

The  Philadelphia  Drug  Exchange  has  elected  the  following 
officers  for  the  ensuing  year:  President,  John  Ferguson;  vice- 
president,  Harry  B.  French;- secretary,  Joseph  W.  England; 
treasurer,  Edward  H.  Hance.  The  election  preceded  the  annual 
banquet  at  which  the  speakers  were  the  Rev.  Robert  Hugh 
Norris,  George  W.  Norris,  Henry  Houck,  Harry  B.  French 
and  Prof.  Paul  M.  Pierson,  of  Swarthmore. 

The  Cumberland  County  (Me.)  Ph.A.  has  elected  the  fol- 
lowing officers:  President,  F.  E.  Robbins;  1st  vice-president, 
L.  J.  Maguire;  2d  vice-president,  C.  A.  Vallee;  3d  vice-presi- 
dent, John  C.  Otis;  4th  vice-president,  H.  R.  Washburn; 
secretary,  E.  W.  Murphy;  treasurer,  James  A.  Broe;  executive 
committee,  Asa  F.  Abbott,  John  C.  Otis,  L.  J.  Maguire,  E.  F. 
Weed  and  F.  H.  Power. 


At  the  annual  banquet  of  the  Akron  (Ohio)  Drug  Clerks* 
Association,  W.  R.  Hower,  chief  ins;pector  of  the  Ohio  State 
Food  and  Drug  Bureau,  was  the  guest  of  honor  and  gave  a 
talk   on   the   enforcement   of   the   pharmacy   and   narcotic   laws. 

The  annual  banquet  of  the  Cumberland  County  Pharma- 
ceutical Association  was  held  at  Riverton  Park  (Portland,  Me.), 
Feb.   4. 

At  the  40th  annual  meeting  of  the  Rhode  Island  Pharmaceu- 
tical Association  at  Providence,  15  new  members  were  elected, 
and  the  following  officers  were  chosen:  President,  George  T. 
.'\rmstrong;  vice-president,  Edward  D.  Robbins;  secretary, 
Clarence  Bowmer;  treasurer.  Earl  H.  Mason;  executive  com- 
mittee, A.  J.  Johnson,  Jr.,  H.  A.  Pearce  and  E.  S.  Blumen- 
kranz. 

A.  M.  Dows,  president  of  the  Lowell  (Mass.)  Pharmaceutical 
Association,  was  the  presiding  officer  at  a  recent  dinner  at 
which  Charles  F.  Ripley,  president  of  the  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy ;  Fred  A.  Hubbard,  chairman  of  the  legislative  com- 
mittee of  the  State  association;  Fred  O.  Lewis,  Frank  J. 
Campbell  and   A.   E.  Moors  were  the  speakers. 

The  annual  euchre  and  dance  of  the  Ohio  Valley  Druggists' 
Association  was  held  at  North  Cincinnati  Turner  Hall,  ai.d 
was  a  marked  success.  There  were  many  good  prizes  given  out, 
and  all  had  a  good  time.  Henry  J.  Dusterberg  was  chairman 
of  the  committee  who  arranged  the  affair. 

The  Order  of  White  Elephants  gave  their  annual  midwinter 
entertainment  in  Indianapolis  in  January.  The  association 
consists  of  retail  and  wholesale  drug  clerks,  and  is  26  years 
old.  The  programme  included  a  banquet  and  cabaret  per- 
formance. 

The  St.  Louis  R.D.A.  has  elected  the  following  officers: 
President,  Dr.  William  A.  Hoelscher;  1st  vice-president,  B.  C. 
Huger ;  2d  vice-president.  Otto  Hanser ;  treasurer,  G.  F.  Haus- 
gen.     Secretary  Stockhausen  was  re-elected. 

On  Tuesday,  Feb.  17,  the  St.  Louis  Retail  Druggists'  Asso- 
ciation members  had  their  wives  with  them  at  the  regular 
meeting  of  the  association  at  the  Planters  Hotel,  both  for  the 
business  meeting  and  the  luncheon. 

The  St.  Paul  Retail  Druggists'  Association  gave  its  first  card 
party  and  dance  of  the  season  at  the  Hotel  Ryan,  Feb.  6.  The 
Travelers'  auxiliary  and  the  Ladies'  auxiliary  had  charge  of 
the  programme. 

The  Iowa  Ph.A,  will  meet  at  Burlington  for  its  annual  con- 
vention on  June  9,  10,  11.  It  is  expected  that  there  will  be  at 
least  1000  in  attendance. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Vermont  Ph.A.  will  be  held  at 
the  Hotel  Vermont,   Burlington,   during  the  week  of   July  8. 


Tampa-Cuba  Cigar  Company  Holds  Annual  Meeting. 

President  H.  B.  Guilford,  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.;  Secretary 
and  General  Manager  Ernest  Berger,  of  Tampa;  Treasurer 
Emilio  Pons,  and  Vice-President  Wilhelm  Bodemann,  of  Chi- 
cago, were  re-elected  to  their  respective  offices  at  the  recent 
second  annual  meeting  of  the  Tampa-Cuba  Cigar  Company, 
held  at  Tampa,  Fla.  The  directors,  with  the  exception  of 
Walter  Rothwell,  of  Hatboro,  Pa.,  who  resigned,  were  re- 
elected. The  new  director  is  T.  P.  Taylor,  of  Louisville,  Ky. 
J.  T.  Treasure,  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  succeeded  E.  O.  Engstrom, 
Pittsfield,  Mass.,  as  a  vice-president.  Among  others  present 
at  the  meeting  were  Louis  Berger,  of  New  York  City;  J.  H. 
Beal,  Scio,  Ohio;  Hy.  W.  Merritt,  Plain,  Pa.;  Charles  H. 
Huhn,  Minneapolis,  and  D.  W.  Ramsaur,  Palatka,  Fla.  Plans 
were  ratified  for  the  erection  of  a  new  factory  to  cost  at  least 
$60,000.  The  company  also  declared  a  10  per  cent,  cash 
dividend  and  decided  to  manufacture  in  bond. 


First  Fine  Under  Massachusetts  Drug  Law. 

The  new  Massachusetts  drug-store  law,  which  defines  what 
a  drug  store  is  and  requiring  such  a  store  to  obtain  a  license 
from  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  has  had  its  first  prose- 
cution. On  Jan.  13,  when  W.  H.  Whittaker,  proprietor  of  a 
drug  store  at  102  Ferry  street.  Maiden,  applied  for  a  license 
to  conduct  a  drug  store,  the  State  board  refused  to  issue  such 
a  license.  Notwithstanding  such  refusal,  Mr.  Whittaker  con- 
tinued to  carry  on  the  business,  and  he  was  summoned  into 
the  Maiden  court,  on  complaint  of  Joseph  Buswell,  agent  of 
the  board.  The  court  found  Whittaker  guilty  of  the  charge 
against  him  and  imposed  a  fine  of  $15.  The  case  has  been 
appealed. 


Haech,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


127 


Schools  and  Colleges 


DR.  W.  C.  ALPEKS  DEAN  AT  WESTERN  RESERVE 


Dr.  William  C.  Alpers,  a  prominent  pharmacist  of  New 
York  City,  and  one  of  the  editors  of  the  Deutsch-Amerikanische 
-Apotheker-Zeitung,  has  been  appointed  professor  of  pharmacy 
and  dean  of  the  pharmaceutical  school  of  Western  Reserve 
University,  at  Cleveland,  Ohio.  Dr.  Alpers  succeeds  T.  Ber- 
Jiard  Tanner,  P.D.,  and  assumed  his  new  duties  Feb.  1.  His 
professional  attainments  require  no  comment,  and  the  new 
appointment  is  a  proper  recognition  of  Dr.  Alpers'  labors  in 
the  interests  of  pharmacy.  Born  in  1851,  in  Germany,  Dr. 
Alpers  was  educated  at  Hanover  and  Gottingen,  and  came  to 
this  country  in  1872.  He  began  his  career  as  a  teacher  in 
New  York  City,  and  later  opened  a  pharmacy  at  Bayonne, 
N.  J.  In  1894  he  became  a  member  of  the  New  Jersey  Board 
of  Pharmacy.  A  few  years  later  he  opened  a  professional 
pharmacy  at  the  comer  of  31st  street  and  Broadway,  New 
York  City,  where  he  continued  until  1906.  Dr.  Alpers  has 
been  very  prominent  in  German-American  pharmaceutical  and 
social  activities  in  this  city,  and  he  has  the  heartiest  wishes 
for  a  long  and  useful  future  from  his  wide  circle  of  friends 
and  acquaintances.  He  will  continue  his  work  as  editor  of 
the  Apotheker-Zeitung. 


■University  of  Michigan  School  of  Pharmacy. 

E.  H.  Woodhouse,  of  Friendship,  N.  Y.,  has  been  appointed 
assistant  in  micro-botany  for  the  second  semester.  Mr.  Wood- 
house  is  a  candidate  for  the  Ph.C.  degree  this  year. 

L.  S.  Mitchel,  who  completed  all  work  for  the  B.S.  (Pharm.) 
at  the  end  of  the  last  semester,  recently  took  the  United  States 
Civil  Service  examination  for  food  chemist.  Mitchel  tells  us 
that  there  was  not  a  question  which  had  not  been  thoroughly 
covered  in  the  food  and  drug  course.  Mitchel  is  now  regis- 
tered in  the  Graduate  School. 

We  have  recently  had  letters  from  Prof.  L.  S.  Blake,  Auburn, 
Ala.;  D.  K.  Strickland,  chemist,  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.;  C.  L. 
Dougherty,  chemist,  Merck  &  Co.,  and  H.  C.  Eiseman,  chemist, 
W.  S.  Merrell  Co.,  all  of  whom  received  their  B.S.  (Pharm.) 
in  1913.  Eiseman  writes  in  that  rare  humorous  style,  giving 
much  valuable  advice,  especially  valuable  to  all  beginners. 

Prof.  L.  S.  Blake  expects  to  return  to  do  work  toward  his 
Master's  degree  in  the  Summer  session. 

Dr.  W.  S.  Hubbard  addressed  Phi  Lambda  Upsilon,  the 
honorary  chemical  society,  recently,  on  the  work  given  in  the 
course  in  food  and  drug  analysis,  showing  a  number  of  valu- 
able instruments  used  in  the  course.  Dr.  Hubbard  lectured 
at  Three  Oaks,  Mich.,  Feb.  19,  and  at  Otsego,  Mich.,  Feb.  20, 
his  subject  being  "Foods:  Their  Adulteration  and  Detection." 


Medico-Chirurgical  College,  Department  of  Pharmacy. 

Walter  Rothwell,  Eastern  representative  of  the  American 
Druggists'  Fire  Insurance  Company,  delivered  a  very  interesting 
lecture,  "Fire  Insurance  as  Applied  to  the  Retail  Drug  Store," 
to  the  students  of  the  Department  of  Pharmacy  recently. 

The  February  meeting  of  the  Alumni  Association  of  the 
Department  of  Pharmacy  was  held  at  the  College  Club,  1721 
Arch  street.  The  attendance  was  above  the  average  for  this 
midwinter  meeting,  and  many  interesting  topics  were  brought 
up  for  discussion.  The  nominations  for  officers  resulted  as 
follows : 

President,  Heber  W.  Yoimgken,  Ph.G.,  '05 ;  1st  vice-presi- 
dent, U.  G.  Ruff,  Ph.G.,  '09;  2d  vice-president,  I.  Subin,  Ph.G., 
'08;  corresponding  secretary,  R.  P.  Fischelis,  Ph.G.,  Phar.D., 
'11;  recording  secretary,  B.  G.  Goodhart,  Ph.G.,  '07;  treasurer, 
B.  Sprissler,  Ph.G.,  '07. 

Directors  (3  years),  M.  M.  Smith,  '13;  W.  Dorszewski,  '12; 
L.  Weiszgerber,  '11;  E.  Youngken,  '08;  (2  years),  W.  C. 
Crist,  '08;  J.  L.  Ruhl,  '08;  H.  B.  Roshon,  '08;  W.  W.  Mc- 
Neary,  '07;  (1  year),  W.  E.  Smith,  '06;  R.  W.  Moss,  '06; 
T.  B.  Bordener,  '05;  H.  G.  Lilly,  '00. 

The  Gamma  Chapter  of  the  Beta  Phi  Sigma  Fraternity  held 
its  annual  dance  Feb.  17  at  the  Wynnefield  Country  Club. 

The  annual  conclave  of  the  Beta  Phi  Sigma  Fraternity  will 
'  be  held  during  the  first  week  of  March  at  the  Home  of  the 
.  Alpha  Chapter,  University  of  Buffalo,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

On  Feb.  3,  Dr.  W.  W.  McNeary  addressed  the  members  of 


the  junior  class  in  pharmacy  on  photography.  This  lecture 
was  of  special  interest  because  of  the  recent  impetus  given 
to  the  sale  of  photographic  supplies  as  well  as  the  developing 
and  printing  of  pictures  by  retail  druggists.  Dr.  McNeary 
interestingly  described  the  method  of  preparing  plates,  films 
and  other  supplies,  and  then  demonstrated  how  developing  and 
printing  can  be  made  a  source  of  profit  to  the  druggist. 

College  of  Pharmacy,  City  of  New  York. 

The  annual  meeting  for  the  election  of  officers  of  the  New 
York  College  of  Pharmacy  will  be  held  on  Tuesday  evening, 
March  17.  President  Butler  has  appointed  the  following 
nominating  committee  to  prepare  a  list  of  candidates  for  the 
offices  to  be  filled:  William  P.  Ritchey,  Henry  C.  Lovis,  O.  G. 
Kalish,  Caswell  A.  Mayo,  F.  K.  James,  Ewen  Mclntyre,  F.  A. 
H.  Anger. 

At  the  close  of  the  routine  business  Frank  Farrington,  of 
Delhi,  N.  Y.,  editor  of  The  Inland  Store-Keeper,  will  give  the 
third  of  the  series  of  this  year's  lectures.  His  topic  will  be 
"Advertising  for  Retail  Druggists."  It  is  seldom  that  the 
college  has  had  such  a  large  audience  as  was  present  to  hear 
the  lecture  given  by  Harry  B.  Mason,  and  it  is  hoped  that  all 
pharmacists  in  and  about  New  York  will  consider  this  a  cordial 
invitation  to  attend  the  lecture  to  be  given  on  March  17. 

A  dance  was  held  by  the  students  of  the  college  in  the 
university  gymnasium  Jan.  31.  Almost  100  couples  attended 
and  the  success  of  this,  the  first  dance  of  such  magnitude  given 
by  the  students,  is  due  to  the  tmtiring  efforts  of  the  student 
committee,  composed  of  J.  Paulonis,  chairman;  B.  Maslon, 
B.  J.  Davis,  M.  Levine,  D.  Franceschi,  L.  V.  Mango,  F.  A. 
Frawley,  J.  Mendiola,  J.  Friedlieb,  J.  Sesta,  H.  Hammer  and 
M.  Stewart.  Dean  Rusby  personally  took  a  great  interest  in 
the  dance  and  appointed  as  a  faculty  committee  Drs.  Wimmer 
and  Leslie,  to  give  whatever  aid  was  possible  to  the  students. 
Financially,  the  dance  was  also  a  success,  and  the  surplus  was 
turned  over  to  the  library  committee  of  the  college  for  the 
purchase  of  new   books. 

The  following  men  have  been  taken   into  the  fraternities: 

Phi  Chi—G.  C.  Aronstamm,  Charles  Dougherty,  William 
Neergaard,  Alfred  G.  Young,  L.  N.  Brown,  Geo.  N.  Graves, 
Duncan  N.  Rose. 

Kappa  Psi—F.  J.  Andrews,  L.  Feltus,  W.  A.  McBride,  I. 
Richmond,  A.  E.  Thompson,  A.  C.  Burnett,  R.  Finello,  H.  E. 
Miller,  J.  Troy. 

Tau  Epsilon  Phi — E.  S.  Bellis,  Jerome  Martus,  D.  Svigelsky, 
Benj.  E.  Wallach,  Jerome  Ettinger,  Benj.  Maslon,  H.  F. 
Strongin. 

The  classes  have  held  their  election  of  officers  with  the 
following  results: 

Senior  Class — President,  Joseph  Goldstein;  vice-president, 
Louis  V.  Mango;  secretary,  M.  H.  Dixon;  treasurer,  Mason 
Stewart. 

Junior  Class — President,  Alfred  G.  Young;  vice-president, 
N.  Chapman;  secretary.  Miss  May  O'Connor;  treasurer.  Miss 
Helen  F.  Roudin. 

First  Year  University  Class — President,  William  McBride; 
vice-president,  H.  E.  Miller;  secretary,  Charles  O'Hagan; 
treasurer,  H.  F.  Strongin. 


Buffalo  Druggists  Favor  Sunday  Closing. 

Eighty  per  cent,  of  Buffalo  druggists  who  claim  the  Univer- 
sity of  Buffalo  as  their  alma  mater,  are  in  favor  of  Sunday 
closing  and  are  anxious  to  do  all  in  their  power  to  clamp  the 
Sabbath  lid  on  the  city's  pharmacies.  This  fact  came  out  at 
the  26th  annual  banquet  of  the  Alumni  Association  of  the 
Buffalo  College  of  Pharmacy  at  the  Hotel  Statler,  Jan.  29. 
Seventy-five  members  were  present.  Most  of  them  are  owners 
of  stores;  the  rest  are  managers  and  chief  clerks.  The  few 
who  oppose  Sunday  closing  voiced  their  acceptance  of  the 
partial  closing  idea,  but  all  agreed  that  Sunday  closing  is 
inevitable.  The  pending  Albany  law  which  would  prohibit 
doing  business  on  Sunday  except  by  a  few  dispensaries,  brought 
on  the  discussion.  The  vote  resulted  four  to  one  in  favor  of 
closing.  Numerous  speeches  were  made  dealing  with  the 
question,  the  consensus  of  all  being  that  it  was  a  matter 
of  progressiveness,  which  might  take  years  of  labor  to  bring 
about.  George  L.  Flanders,  counsel  to  the  State  Commission 
of  Agriculture,  delivered  the  main  address,  after  which  a 
programme  of  vaudeville  was  enjoyed.  One  of  the  most  pleas- 
ing  numbers    was    contributed    by    Miss    B.    Hedden,    of    the 


12S 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


pharmacy  class  of  1914.  These  officers  were  elected  at  the 
business  meeting:  President,  Paul  E.  Burgdorf;  vice-president, 
Mrs.  Bertha  Lathbury;  secretary,  William  E.  Lemon;  treasurer, 
Charles  Gauger;  historian.  Dr.  Richard  M.  Morgan. 


IN   AND  ABOUT   PHILADELPHIA. 


XIniversity   of   Buffalo    Exercises,    Washington's 
Birthday. 

The  annual  University  Day  exercises  of  the  University  of 
Buffalo  were  held  Feb.  23  at  the  Teck  Theater.  Dr.  Charles 
William  Dabney,  president  of  the  University  of  Cincinnati, 
gave  the  principal  address,  his  subject  being  "The  Municipal 
University."  Chancellor  C.  P.  Norton  was  chairman  of  the 
event,  and  numerous  addresses,  songs  and  musical  selections 
made  up  a  pleasant  programme.  President  Dabney's  theme 
was  particularly  timely  for  Buffalo,  as  municipal  control  of 
Buffalo's  college  of  medicine  has  been  a  mooted  subject  for 
some  time.  Cincinnati  has  been  successful  in  this  regard, 
maintaining  a  university  for  its  young  men  and  women. 

Dr.  Charles  W.  Bethune  has  made  several  death  masks 
of  Dr.  Roswell  Park,  Buffalo's  eminent  surgeon,  whose  death 
occurred  recently,  and  will  make  a  bronze  tablet  for  the 
Academy  of  Medicine  and  a  bust  for  the  University  of  Buffalo. 


University  of  Oklahoma  School  of  Pharmacy. 

The  students  of  the  School  of  Pharmacy  were  favored  re- 
cently with  a  visit  from  the  State  drug  inspector.  Dr.  W.  G. 
Short,  of  Durant,  Okla.,  who  made  a  very  entertaining  address 
to  the  boys.  He  said  that  the  cigarette-smoking  boy  or  man 
was  a  failure  as  a  druggist,  and  although  he  knew  of  more 
positions  than  he  could  find  men  to  fill,  he  would  not  recom- 
mend a  man  who  smoked  cigarettes.  Dr.  Short  emphasized 
the  need  of  accuracy  and  efficiency  behind  the  prescription 
counter.  He  said  that  to  know  that  you  are  right  and  then 
to  do  the  right  thing  is  worth  more  than  a  few  dollars  a  man 
might  make  by  doing  unethical  things. 

The  first  of  a  series  of  four  lectures  on  "First  Aid"  was 
delivered  in  the  University  Chapel  by  Dr.  Floyd  Bolend,  of  the 
State  Hospital  Corps  at  Oklahoma  City.  These  lectures  are 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Stockonian  Pharmaceutical  Society 
and  will  prove  to  be  of  great  value  and  be  of  great  benefit  to 
all  who  may  hear  them.  Dr.  Bolend,  who  is  a  graduate  of  our 
School  of  Pharmacy  in  the  class  of  1901,  is  captain  of  the 
Hospital  Corps  of  the  city  and  enjoys  the  distinction  of  having 
the  most  efficient  organization  of  its  kind  in  the  United  States. 


N.Y.C.P.    Alumni   Annual   Ball. 

The  19th  annual  ball  of  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy 
.\lumni  .■\ssociation  was  held  on  the  eve  of  Lincoln's  birthday 
at  the  Hotel  Majestic,  72d  street  and  Central  Park  West.  The 
affair  was  well  attended  and  was  a  success.  The  beautiful 
ball  room  was  decorated  with  the  electric  signs  of  the  fraterni- 
ties and  with  flags  and  pennants.  The  music  was  furnished 
bv  Van  Baar's  orchestra.  Among  those  present  were:  Frank  N. 
Pond,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  N.  S.  Kirk,  Mr.  and  Miss  Kantrowitz, 
Dr.  and  Mrs.  Wimmer,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Goodman,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Hostmann,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  Weiss,  Mr.  and  Miss  Propper, 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Rothstein,  Dr.  and  Miss  M.  Weil,  Dr.  Wein- 
stein,  Dr.  Ballard,  Dr.  Schaefer  and  Messrs.  De  Zeller,  Mc- 
Cartney, Starr,  Wall,  Berning,  Hohmann,  Roon  and  others. 
Mr.  Hostmann  headed  the  committee  of  arrangements. 


Franklin  Union  of  Boston. 
The  Pranklin  Union  class  in  Pharmacy  of  Boston  shows  a 
gain  of  25  per  cent,  in  attendance  over  last  year.  The  junior 
and  senior  pharmacy  classes  are  conducted  by  Fred  W.  Con- 
nolly, a  druggist  of  35  years'  experience  in  the  business.  The 
course  is  planned  to  start  at  the  very  beginning  and  includes 
talks  on  store  management.  The  botany  and  materia  medica 
class  was  started  by  Dr.  Monteith,  who  through  business 
changes  was  obliged  to  resign.  He  was  succeeded  by  Mr. 
Preston,  who  is  now  in  charge.  The  pharmaceutical  chemistry 
class  is  conducted  by  John  W.  Calnan,  who  is  also  in  charge 
of  the  department  of  industrial  chemistry  and  pharmacy.  Mr. 
Calnan  is  a  consulting  chemist,  a  graduate  of  M.I.T.  and  a 
specialist   in  teaching  applied  chemistry. 

Harrison   Bill    Reported    Out    of   Committee. 
H.R.    bill    6282,    known    as    the    Harrison    anti-narcotic    bill, 
has   been  reported   favorably   from   the   Finance   Committee   of 
the  United  States  Senate. 


H.  E.  Landau,  formerly  of  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  has  bought  the 
store  of  C.  A.  Eckeld  at  11th  and  Lehigh  avenue. 

E.  K.  Cope,  of  Germantown  avenue  and  Norris  street,  has 
returned   to  his  place  of   business  after  a  short  illness. 

The  Philadelphia  "vice  squad"  has  rounded  up  another  illegal 
distributor  of  narcotics,  James  Ramsey,  25,  of  No.  504  Rector 
street,  Roxborough,  whom  they  accuse  of  having  systematically 
stolen  many  thousands  of  dollars'  worth  of  cocaine  and  heroin 
from  Hance  Brothers  &  White  by  whom  he  was  employed  as 
foreman.  Antony  Hance,  the  senior  member  of  the  firm, 
appeared  as  the  chief  prosecutor  against  the  prisoner. 

Harry  Swain,  owner  of  two  large  Philadelphia  drug  stores, 
has  added  another  to  his  chain,  having  purchased  Charles  E. 
Shillito's  store  at  Haddon  Heights,  N.  J. 

."^t  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Philadelphia  Board  of  Trade, 
Micrs  Buscli,  of  Shoemaker  &  Busch,  was  appointed  a  member 
of  the  executive  council. 

Bamford  &  Kemp,  druggists,  have  moved  from  their  store 
at  446  Penn  street,  Reading,  Pa.,  to  the  southeast  corner 
Fourth  and  Penn  streets,  Reading. 

Caldwalladcr  D.  Balburne,  who  recently  incorporated  his 
business  at  52d  and  Walnut  streets,  has  sold  the  good-will  and 
stock  of  "The  Balburne  Pharmacy"  to  William  F.  Koch,  a 
former  clerk. 

W.  G.  Wignall  has  purchased  the  store  of  Dr.  C.  B. 
Donges  at  Fourth  and  Berks  streets.  Mr.  Wignall  was  formerly 
associated  with  Richard  H.  Lackey  as  clerk.  The  doctor  will 
devote  his  time  to  his  medical  practice  in   Camden,  N.   J. 

Robert  J.  Service,  a  former  city  salesman  for  Smith,  Kline 
&  French,  has  accepted  new  territory.  He  now  covers  New 
Jersey  between  Camden  and  Newark,  and  expects  to  make  his 
home  in  Trenton,  N.  J.,  after  March  1.  He  succeeds  Harold 
J.  Baker,  who  will  now  cover  Baltimore  and  Washington  and 
points  South,  and  who  in  turn  replaces  C.  P.  Donnel  and 
George  Miller,  who  recently  resigned. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Philadelphia  Wholesale  Drug 
Company,  Frank  J.  Rohrman  was  elected  president ;  H.  C. 
Blair,  vice-president;  Dr.  A.  T.  Pollard,  secretary,  and  H.  Z. 
Krupp,  treasurer.  The  board  of  directors  includes  H,  J,  Seig- 
freid,  S.  C.  Henery  and  H.  C.  Chapman. 

The  Philadelphia  Druggists'  Bowling  League  race  for  first 
place  is  getting  close  and  the  gaps  between  the  teams  are  being 
gradually  closed.  The  firms  that  have  teams  in  the  league  are: 
Smith,  Kline  &  French,  Philadelphia  Wholesale  Drug  Co., 
H.  K.  Mulford  Co.,  Eckman  Mfg.  Co.,  H.  K.  Wampole  Co., 
Eli  Lilly  Co.,  the  Chemical  Co.  and  the  Drug  Club. 

The  Hoffman-LaRoche  Chemical  Works,  have  opened  an 
office  in  Philadelphia  at  No.  504  Arch  street,  in  the  heart  of 
the  drug  district,  with  Elmer  H.  Bobst  in  charge.  Mr.  Bobst 
has  been  in  charge  of  the  Hoffman-LaRoche  interests  in 
Philadelphia  for  three  years,  but  hitherto  has  worked  directly 
from   the  New  York  office. 


Drugg-ist  Prosecuted  by  County  Medical  Society. 

Morris  Lederman,  head  of  the  Standard  Pharmacy  Com- 
pany, 2d  street  and  the  Bowery,  was  held  in  $100  bail  for  trial 
by  special  sessions,  his  firm  being  charged  with  "advertising 
the  services  of  a  physician."  It  is  claimed  that  Lederman 
filed  a  certificate  of  trade  name  stating  that  he  was  doing 
business  as  the  Standard  Pharmacy  Company.  The  medical 
society  contends  that  a  single  individual  under  such  a  certifi- 
cate cannot  conduct  a  business  which  the  law  of  the  State 
prohibit!  a  corporation  from  entering. 

This  firm,  it  is  stated,  featured  the  treatment  of  venereal 
diseases.  The  prosecuting  officer  declared  its  physician  re- 
ceived $600  per  month  for  his  services  and  that  the  company 
cleared  approximately  $10,000  per  year.  The  physician's  fee 
was  collected  in  the  price  of  the  prescription  when  filled  by 
the  druggist. 

John  Dyer,  37  Wall  street,  is  the  society's  attorney. 


Drug  Trade  Bowlers  Will  Not  Meet  at  Sweeney's. 
The  tournament  of  the  .'\merican  Drug  Trade  Bowling 
Association  will  be  he'd  on  the  Columbia  alleys  (on  the 
Boardwalk),  Atlantic  City,  N.  J.,  May  8  and  9.  The  change 
of  the  alleys  is  due  to  the  removal  of  Sweeney's  alleys,  and 
inability  to  get  the  al'eys  for  the  usual  time.  Headquarters 
will   be  the  "Strand." 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


129 


Board  Examinations 


1       Boston;    Oscar    I.    LaForest,    New    Bedford;    Joseph    T.    Lantagne, 

Lowell;  James  J.  Mattimcre,  Worcester;  Almont  R  M?Laren 
East  Boston;  Clarence  H.  Rushton,  New  Bedford;  David  C.  Bark", 
Somervilfe;    Ezra    Saillant,    New    Bedford;    Pasquale    F.    Lombard.. 


California. 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  Feb.  20.-The  following  aPP""ff  ,  *"« 
granted  registration  at  the  recent  examination  of  this  board. 
The  next  examinations  will  begin  in  Los  Angeles  on  April  8.  mi, 
And    in    San    Francisco    on    April    15,    1914:       „      ^    _        ^  n 

Licentiates-Mervin  H.  Horton  Miltof,  P.  DuSfy  George  C. 
Wentz,  Stewart  T,  McGee,  Leo  C.  Cross,  Lee  Roy  Carlisle  Jas. 
H  Haieh  Edward  A.  Francks,  Glenn  F.  Coleman,  trnest  O. 
SurupfcaVl  Jacob  Stadler,  Ralph  H.  Glezen,  Thomas  J^";'^"^"^!' 
Edward  M  Lusty,  Daniel  L.  Dineen,  Thomas  Bartholomew,  f.S. 
Po^e!  Clyde  J.  Stuart,  C.  Fred  B.  Klarer,  Fred  B  Mack  Charles 
Norford,  Samuel  B.  Azhderian  Carl  Selkin  Harold  D.C  ark 
-W  Frank  Sedgely,  Francis  H.  O'Brien,  Blanch  M.  Hesse,  Herbert 
F  Mauerhan  H  R.  Lincoln,  John  G.  Viebrook,  Donald  T.  Weimer. 
Otto  B    Lensing,  Ralph  H.  McGarvin,  Curtis  T.  Schreyer,  Don  M. 

^Asffsunts-Leslie  B  Higgs,  Frank  M.  Smith,  Anthony  V.  Bres- 
.anrACMcCuUough,  Ernest  E.  Roemer,  Earl  F.  Hearing,  Geo. 
H  wflker  Guy  S  Young,  Charles  E.  Hoffman,  L.  C.  Henderson, 
Isadore  A  Mdnick,  Frank  H.  Borchard,  George  H.  Saltinarsh, 
RBBfgnan!  Jacob  Spooner,  Samuel  E.  Weinberg  Augustus  J. 
Affli!.V  William  E  Weldv  Carl  E.  Kratt,  Rinaldo  L.  Puccinelli, 
Getge-  n'^BoronfciYfftY'E^  Banks,  Will  J.  AUum,  Reginald  H. 
Winter  Fred  E.  Smith,  John  E.  Machado,  Carl  H.  Warnock. 
KonaM'  W  MacCorkell.  A.  U  \Vilke  Ge°.  A  Jeffery  Alfred 
Mathews  W  H.  Dav  sson.  Morns  H.  Rosenberg,  Nicholas  J. 
PhelanS     Henry    McManaway,    Yee    Lang    Fu^    Edson    J.    Harsh, 

W     Earl   Lawrence,   Geo.   T.    i;r"°A'T"l'^w^ro3av    ' 
lisle,   Paul  Arp,  Thomas  F.   Blake,  Michael  W.   Conway. 

Delaware. 

Bel    Air,    Md. ;    Jacob    S.    Keyser,    Philadelphia,    Pa..    Carl    n..    f. 

^'^Thrnex'^TeeUng'^of^the  Boa_rd_«ni  be  held  at  Newark,  April  1. 

Illinois.  . 

TTTTrACO  Feb  20— At  the  January  meeting  of  the  Illinois 
Sta"' Bta'^rd  of  Phafmacy  held  -  Springfield.  14  of  'he  62  apph; 
Jants  for  registered  pharmacist  and  three  of  the  ."'"?  ^^""'5.?":^ 
for    ass°stanf    pharmacist    passed    successful    examinations.      Their 

Siph^-L.  i'tirn^  ^ScTgtr'nlrraf  ViIhma«n.fasflt.°Lou.^;°Fred 

°-A:ri'J.\°n;   Si™\°cists-R.    KBigelow    Chicago;   Jacob  A.   Long, 
Ww    Berlin-    Sister    Earnesta    Minder,    Springfield. 

'Th"e'next''ap'^rent,«'exrminations   throughout   the    State    will    be 
held  on  Friday,  March  6.         

Massachusetts. 
BOSTON    Feb.  20.-The  State  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy 
haf  grimed   certificates   of  registration   to   th^  ^°^  ^e^^Randolphe; 

trn^J."c*hfn:"Bos^n^:\va£yCull.nan^     Boston;   Charl^^^^^ 

Norton,  Great  Barrington;  Armand  C,  /"^'/(r-  ^^;*^„  Ri^er: 
Joseph    C.    Lynch,   Jamaica    Plain     Frank    LM«.ra.  jj 

Sb:;^=H^°S;^^X;n?«s£^|.|l^^n.;Frede.ck 

?ot^1^;M'?ran.^  Fi^h!|irg;  John  ^T^  J-^-,,?--;  ^Xf^Fali 
^it'e^r'^;'  .^^I'lirm^  f ^^grfy.  ^F^'RWer;  ViUiam  E.  Jennnigs,  New 
Bedford;   Vernon    L.    Strout.   Waverly  Gloucester;   Fred 

Assistant  Pharmacist-Francis  H.  Fa"f 'vfif  Viver ;  Leo  P.  La 
E.  Hines.  Dorchester;  R°d°'Phe  B  Htot,  tal  Kive  ^^^^^^  ^ 
Forest,  Fall  River;  Frank  E.  L.ttleheld,  ^*^  ^I  jj  '  Manuel  G. 
McDonald     Belmont;    Warren    L.    Parker     Cn^^^^g^,      ^^^.^^ 

Andrew,  Cambridge;  Lloyd  t.  «"r"e".  p  ^gster;  William  A. 
Clement,  Wellesley ;  John  Francs  Cl'«'''-d^^°^'^ew  Bedford;  Perley 
Gordenstein,  Springfield;  Joseph  R.  Lyonnais    l^e  ^  ^ 

ihi?^,°West^^lot^?vihe?^Wniat^|%^^ 

^■^-..F^^SrMSx^eJ^^llfSs^f^e^: 
t^s^rn-FferH-  W-^Le^m;^  James  L.F^nn.^Fa,,^^  River; 
^^^-nre^"B•osT;n"^J$pST■Lae^|  Boston;  Abraham  S^^^^^^^^ 
^V-e^'tTJld^-Etar^d    Trcc'^-ath^-C^m^ae^;^  Joseph    F.     Devine. 


Boston. 

Minnesota. 

MINNEAPOLIS,  Feb.  20.-Licenses  for  10  pharmacists  and  23 
assistant  pharmacists  were  granted  by  the  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy, as  follows:  _,  .       ^     ti     tt  .  , „„j 

Registered  Pharmacists-H.  H.  Blaustein,  O.  H  Er.ckson  and 
A.  R.  Ude,  Minneapolis;  W.  I.  Appel,  A.  H.  Olson  and  C.  P. 
Sattler,  St.  Paul;  S.  Batnett,  Austin;  A.  Errickson.  Rushford. 
G.    R.    Nelson,    Duluth,    and    A.    L.    Young,   Canton.  ,    t    F 

Assistants-Nathaniel  Bentson.  M.  Henney,  B  C  Rotegard.  J.  t,. 
Sheady  and  J.  R.  White,  Jr.,  Minneapolis;  J.  A.  Albachten  C.  A 
Borgstrom,  L  M.  Foley,  J.  F.  Logar  and  F  P.  Ritschell,  St  Paul 
A.  F.  Lundquist  and  H.  H,  Schade,  Duluth;  J  J.  Andre,  Anoka, 
E.  Backer,  New  Ulm;  K.  H.  Covell,  Atwater;  Joseph  W.  Gebhard, 
Winsted;  H.  L.  Hamilton,  St.  Louis  Park;  G.  H.  Lindert,  Norwood, 
O  A.  Madsen,  Reeder,  N.  D.:  L.  A.  Norm,  Cokato;  F  W.  Reed, 
Vinton,  Iowa;  Joseph  Rohor,  New  Prague  and  H.  Roen.  Menomonie. 
Wis. 


Missouri. 

KANSAS  CITY.— The  list  of  successful  candidates  at  the  exami- 
nation given  by  the  Missouri  Board  of  Pharmacy  at  Jefferson  City 
in   January,   follows:  ,,     ^       t       ■        tr     j    ^ 

Registered  Pharmacists— Thomas  O'Donnell,  St.  Louis;  l-red  G. 
Messerschmidt,  St.  Louis;  Jacob  W.  Ryburn,  ChiUicothe;  i.  S. 
Whitling,    St.    Louis;    Jos.    W.    Hunolt,    Moberly;    John    H.    Burns, 

Assistant  Pharmacists— Nelson  Jay,  Kansas  City;  C.  H.  Mc- 
Donald, Rocky  Comfort;  Homer  L.  Blankenbaker,  Kansas  City; 
Byron  Beatty,  Kirksville;  Albert  W.  Mueller,  St.  Louis; 
Ernest    L.    Haller,    Boonville;    Chester  W.    Lieder,    St.    Lou's. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy  will  be  held  in 
Kansas  City  the  second  Monday  in  April.  Applications  must  be 
in  the  hands  of  the  secretary  at  least  five  days  previous  to  date 
of  examination.     Application  blanks  will  be  furnished  upon  request. 

New   Jersey. 

BRIDGETON,  Feb.  20.— The  following  candidates  were  success- 
ful at  the  January  examinations.  The  next  examinations  will  be 
held   at  Trenton,   April   16-17:  „       ,,  .^  c,     „  ,. 

Pharmacists— Charles  N.  Asher,  Brooklyn;  Adam  S.  Baczynski, 
Brooklyn-  Floyd  E,  Bellisfield,  Trenton;  Julius  I.  Bitterman,  Jersey 
Citv-  Matthew  Blair,  New  York;  Domenico  E.  Bonanno,  Asbury 
Park-  Tycho  O  Clausen,  Carlton  Hill;  William  Dembling,  New 
York;  Arthur  Ebischbach,  Philadelphia;  Harold  Friedman  Passaic; 
BaroA  A.  Gardner,  Brooklyn;  William  X.  Gebele,  Brooklyn;  Max 
Gitow,  New  York;  Josef  Goodman,  New  \ork;  John  G.  Graet, 
Jersey  City;  John  Grassi,  Jersey  City;  Harry  H.  Hagny,  Newark; 
Tohn  H  Hayes,  Philadelphia;  Walter  W.  Lawson,  Rahway;  Martin 
J.  Lennon,  East  Orange;  Meyer  Levy,  Hoboken;  Aaron  London, 
Atlantic  City;  James  W.  Lynch.  Atlantic  City;  Camillo  Manfredi 
New  York;  Harry  F.  May,  Avon;  Clarence  Mosby  Philadelphia, 
William  A  Nelson,  Perth  Amboy;  Howard  L.  Pendleton,  Rahway , 
Ladislaus  A.  Rominecki,  Mount  Holly;  Samuel  Schwartz,  Bayonne; 
Frederick  F.  Schmidt,  Elizabeth;  Luigi  Scelfo,  Passaic;  Alfred 
Stadelmann,  Poughkeepsie ;  Stanley  E.  Sutton,  Woodbury;  Isaac 
Teplow,  Bayonne;  Edward  O.  Turner,  Atlantic  City ;  George  V. 
Watman,  New  York;  Benjamin  Williams,  New  York;  Thomas  A- 
Zimmerman,   New    Milford;   Otto  J.   Zuccarelli,   New   York. 

Assistants-Walter  W.  Arnold,  Camden;  Hyman  Berger,  Brook- 
lyn; Thomas  P.  Brynes,  Elizabeth;  Harold  S  Cannamacher,  New- 
ark' Charles  B.  Everlockner,  Burlington;  Ralph  F.  Finello,  Jersey 
City;  Raymond  G.  Gibney.  Coatesville,  Pa.;  Jf  "''M.  Jacobs 
Paterson;  Walter  A.  Kuhnen,  Paterson;  Charles  A.  MuUer,  North 
Bergen;    Louis   J.    Strehl,    Paterson;    Albert   Watman,    Bayonne. 

New    York. 

The  number  of  penalties  paid  the  New  York  Board  during  the 
month   of  January,    1914,    also    the   character   of   the   violations,   was 

as   follows:                                .   ,           j     .  \i 

Deficient     pharmacopoeial     products " 

Adulterated    and    deficient   prescriptions o 

Junior    violations  _ , 

Equipment     violations     


Total 


,  26 


Ohio. 

COLUMBUS,  Feb.  20.— Following  is  a  list  of  the  successful  ap- 
plicants at  the  examination  held  in  Columbus  Jan.  13-14.  by  the 
Ohio  Board  of  Pharmacy.  There  were  78  applicants  who  applied 
for  pharmacist's  examination  and  the  following  were  successful: 
Registered  Pharmacist— John  E.  Lonis,  R.  W.  Terry,  Chas. 
Lehn*er,HH.  Kennedy,  R.  G.  Clark,  C.  T.  Shel.fus  all  of  Colum- 
bus; Bertha  Kleinknecht,  N.  H  Keller,  Louis  Tischbein  Jr.,  J.  J. 
Wittenberg,  W.  C.  Cox,  all  of  Cincinnati;  W.  N.  Albee  L  M. 
Voeetlv  W  M  O'Leary,  Tos.  Lear,  M.  A.  Cosgrove,  R.  J.  Cald- 
wefl  Arthur  Price,  R.  C  Cameron,  all  of  Cleveland;  Carl  Ritter, 
C  W  Ridgway  Davton:  T.  C.  Flick.  M.  C.  McArtor  East 
Liverpool;  C.  E.  Mieding,  J.  H.  Hohing,  O.  M  Woodburn.  Youngs- 
town;    R.B.    Willson,    Piketon;    W.    B.    Webber,    Medina;    J.    M. 

Galb;eath,    Greenfield;    J.     R.     Spangler,     Shelby;    John     E,     Slade. 

Batavia;    W.     M.    Miller,    Hamilton;    R     B.    Piper,     Niles;    C.     E. 

Gerineer,    Wauseon;    J.    C.    Wakefield,    Clairton,    Pa. 
Assistant   Pharmacist-I.    S.    Seigel,   Jos.    Butnik,    S.    M     Savange, 

I      G    Albee    A.    H.    Bedford,   H.    Levine.  J.    A.   Howenstine,   G.    E. 

KurTz     R    J     Parkin,   I.    H.   Goldstein,   H.    M.    Schur,   A.   A.    Borek 

ClLytin    Zeidler,    C.    F.    Dvorak,    L.    F.    Veager,    A.    Butnik.    all    of 


130 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


Cleveland:  C.  T.  Ross.  H.  H.  Lahke,  A.  J.  Boger,  Geo.  Winger- 
berg,  E.  A.  Lehr,  L.  M.  Simms,  all  of  Cincinnati;  R.  F.  Boyd, 
R.  D.  Cunningham,  Columbus;  G.  F.  Marcum,  Merrill  Swain, 
Hamilton:  U.  E.  Faucher,  Pickerington;  C.  H.  Bonsky,  Canton; 
R.  E,  Wyre.  Ormlle;  R.  S.  Haines,  Mansfield;  E.  J.  Wurster, 
Portsmouth;  E.  T.  Parrish,  Warren;  B.  C  Christen,  Toledo;  L.  X. 
Mell,   Lima. 

The  next  examination  will  be  held  in  Columbus  the  week  of 
June   15. 

At  the  January  meeting  the  board  reorganized  by  electing  the 
following  officers  for  the  year:  President,  A.  L.  Flandermeyer, 
Cleveland;  vice-president,  C  O.  Hoffman,  Arcanum;  treasurer, 
F.    H.    King,    Delphos;    secretary,   M.    N.    Ford,    Columbus. 


Vermont. 

BURLINGTON.  Feb.  20.— The  19th  annual  meeting  of  the  Vermont 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy  was  held  at  the  State  House  at  Mont- 
pelier.  Seven  candidates  appeared  for  examination  and  of  these 
two  were  given  full  registration  as  follows:  E.  Floyd  Libbey, 
Rutland;  W.  E.  Lampman,  Hyde  Park,  M^ss.  Three  Assistants 
certificates  were  issued  as  follows:  E.  L.  Holden,  Proctor,  Vt. ; 
A.    St.   Pierre,  No.   Cambridge,   Mass.;  G.   P.  Hudson,  Quechee,  Vt. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  ensuing  year:  Presi- 
dent, E.  G.  McClallen,  Rutland;  secretary,  M.  G.  Beebe,  Burling- 
ton; treasurer,  W.  L.  Gokay,  Bennington.  The  other  two  members 
of  the  board  are  W.  F.  Root,  of  Brattleboro.  and  D.  F.  Davis,  of 
Lyndonville,   who  has   just   been   reappointed   for  another  term. 

The  meetings  for  examinations  will  be  April  15,  July  7,  October 
14,   January   12. 


Virginia. 

RICHMOND,  Feb.  20.— At  the  January  examination  of  the  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  there  were  31  applicants  for  Registered  Phar- 
macist.    The  following  were   successful: 

H.  R.  Hammer,  Lynchburg;  B.  F.  Bowles,  Richmond;  G.  L. 
Miller.  Charlottesville;  H.  E.  Crabtree,  Bristol;  A.  A.  Arnold, 
Cape  Charles;  \V.  M.  White,  Portsmouth;  W.  T.  E.  Smith,  Rich- 
mond. 

The  following  applicants  for  Registered  Pharmacist  were  given 
the  Registered  Assistant  Pharmacist  certificate:  W.  E.  Strole, 
(M.C.V.)  Richmond:  T.  W.  Chambers,  (Col.)  Buckingham;  J.  L. 
Stephens,    (col.)    Raleigh,  N.  C. 

There  were  seven  applicants  for  Registered  Assistant  Pharmacist 
certificate,  and  the  following  was  successful:  W.  C.  McNow, 
Richmond. 

The  next  examination  will   be  held   in   Richmond  April  21. 


Wasliing^oii. 
CONNELL,  Feb.  20.— D.  B.  Garrison,  secretary  of  the  State  Board 
of  Pharmacy,  has  announced  the  following  candidates  successful 
at  the  recent  examination  held  in  Spokane:  Will  C.  Wassell, 
R.  G.  Stevens,  Gus  Huch.  Seattle;  R.  H.  Ferry.  Starbuck;  W.  F. 
Belcourt,  Tahiti  Islands.  By  graduation:  James  H.  Kamiah,  Idaho; 
R.  M.  Walker.  Seattle;  Warrel,  Spokane;  W.  W.  Wilson,  E.  M. 
Johnson,   Metaline   Falls. 


NEWS    OF    THE    BOARDS. 


A.  L.  Flandermeyer,  of  Cleveland,  has  been  chosen  president  of 
the  Ohio  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  for  the  coming  year;  C._  O. 
Hoffman,  of  Arcanum,  was  elected  vice-president,  and  F.  H.  King. 
of  Delphos,  treasurer.  M.  N.  Ford,  of  Columbus,  was  re-elected 
secretary.  A  class  of  106  applicants  for  pharmacists'  certificates 
was  examined  in  January. 

At  the  January  meeting  of  the  Minnesota  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy Herman  Rietzke.  of  St.  Paul,  was  elected  president,  and 
Edward  A.   Tupper.   of  Minneapolis,   secretary. 

Members  of  the  Indiana  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  have  been^  in 
conference  with  Gov.  Ralston  in  regard  to  plans  for  a  working 
organization  whereby  alleged  violation  of  the  anti-cocaine  law, 
passed  by  the  last  Legislature,  could  be  prevented.  Board  members 
who  have  been  investigating  local  conditions  in  Indianapolis  and 
elsewhere  in  the  State  have  found  a  condition  of  affairs  which, 
they    say.    warrants    drastic   action   on    the    part   of   the    authorities. 

The  Florida  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  organized  by  the  elec- 
tion of  W.  D.  Jones,  of  Jacksonville,  as  president;  H.  H.  D'Alem- 
berte,  of  Pensacola,  vice-president,  and  D.  W.  Ramsaur,  of  Palatka, 
secretary-treasurer.  The  other  member  of  the  board  is  Leon  Hale, 
of  Tampa.  Ernest  Berger.  of  Tampa,  the  retiring  president,  who 
declined  re-election,  is  still  a  member  of  the  board,  of  which  he 
held  the  presidency  for  seven  consecutive  terms.  He  announced 
that  pressure  of  business  forbade  his  longer  holding  the  office,  and 
a  vote  of  thanks  was  extended  to  him  for  his  services  during  his 
term  of  office.  Mr.  Jones,  Mr.  Berger's  successor,  is  one  of  the 
foremost  druggists  in  the  State.  There  is  no  one  druggist  who 
stands  higher  in  the  estimation  of  the  profession  in  Florida,  and 
the  board  is  to  be  congratulated  on  his  elevation  to  this  important 
office.  In  executive  session  the  by-laws  of  the  board,  regulating 
reciprocal  exchange,  were  amended  as  follows:  (1)  "The  appli- 
cant for  registration  by  reciprocal  exchange  from  atiother  State 
board  must  have  practiced  as  a  registered  pharmacist  in  the  State 
from  which  he  applies  at  least  one  year  since  his  registration  in 
said  State.  (2)  He  must  furnish  with  his  application  a  certified 
copy  of  the  proofs  of  experience,  filed  by  him  when  he  took  the 
examination  in  the  State  from  which  he  applies,  or  the  original 
employers'  affidavits  proving  experience.  (3)  The  Florida  board 
reserves  the  right  to  pass  upon  and  reject  any  application  in 
which  the  applicant  falls  below  the  moral,  professional  or  educa- 
tional standard  set  by  the  Florida  board."  The  secretary,  in 
reporting  the  routine  work  of  his  office,  noted  the  much  improved 
conditions  throughout  the  State,  and  the  generally  stricter  com- 
pliance   with    the    pharmacy     laws,     particularly     as    regards    the 


operation    of    drug    stores    by    regfslered    pharmacists.      The    next 
examination  of  the  board  will  be  held  in  Jacksonville,  June  8  and 

The  Massachusetts  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy's  report 
for  the  year  shows  that  the  commission  has  been  self-sustaining, 
having  a  balance  of  $9S2.61.  During  the  year  521  candidates  were 
examined,  of  whom  139  received  certificates  as  pharmacists  and 
111  as  assistants.  The  board  stated  in  the  report  that  the  drug- 
gists in  the  State  felt  they  were  suffering  from  unfair  competition 
and  unfair  trade  practices.  The  board  therefore  recommended  the 
passage  of  an  act  similar  to  the  one  now  in  force  in  New  Jersey, 
the  first  section  of  which  reads  as  follows: 

"It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  merchant,  firm  or  corporation,  for 
the  purpose  of  attracting  trade  for  other  goods,  to  appropriate  for 
his  or  their  own  ends  a  name,  brand,  trade-mark,  reputation  or 
good-will  of  any  maker,  in  whose  product  said  merchant,  firm  or 
corporation  deals,  or  to  discriminate  against  the  same,  by  de- 
preciating the  value  of  such  products  in  the  public  mind,  or  by 
misrepresentation  as  to  value  or  quality  or  by  price  inducement, 
or  by  unfair  indiscrimination  between  buyers,  or  in  any  other 
manner  whatsoever,  except  in  cases  where  said  goods  do  not 
carry  any  notice  prohibiting  such  practice,  and  excepting  in  case 
of  a  receiver's  sale,  or  a  sale  by  a  concern  going  out  of  business." 

Four  St.  Louisans  recently  passed  examination  by  the  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  at  Jefferson  City:  Thomas  S.  O'Donnell, 
4834  Labadie  avenue;  Fred  G,  Messerschmidt,  2225  Cherokee 
street:  T.  S.  Whitling,  2950  Dickson  street;  John  H.  Burns, 
2825  Pine  street.  Others  who  passed:  Jacob  W.  Ryburn,  Chilli- 
cothe;  Joseph  W.  Hunolt,  Moberly.  'Two  St.  Louisans  passed' 
as  assistant  pharmacists:  Albert  W.  Mueller,  756  Dover  Place; 
Chester  W.  Lieder,  1239  Sidney  street.  Others:  Nelson  Jay, 
Kansas  City;  Homer  L.  Blankenbaker,  Kansas  City;  C.  H. 
McDonald.  Rocky  Comfort;  Byron  Beaty,  Kirksville;  Ernest  L. 
Haller,    Boonville. 


NEW   INCORPORATIONS. 


J.  S.  Tyree,  Chemist,  Inc.,  a  Delaware  corporation;  to  manufacture 

Tyree's    Antiseptic     Powder;    capital,    $1,000,000;     incorporators, 

J.   S.  Tyree,   G.   A.   Lewis,  Washington,  D.   C. ;  G.   D.   Hopkins, 

Wilmington,    Del. 
Mermaid    Specialty    Co..    Inc.,    Manhattan;    capital,    $100,000;    G.    W. 

Frazier.  J.   V.    Stopelbein  and   D.   F.   Morris,  New   York   City. 
West   Coast  Pharmacal  Co.,   Seattle,  Wash.;   capital,  $25,000;  F.   M. 

Harris,  G.  E.   Banks  and  Nellie  Collister. 
G.  P.  McDermott  &  Co.,  Indianapolis;  capital,  $25,000;  R.  O.  Willett, 

K  V.  McDermott  and  G.   P.  McDermott. 
Waterloo  Chemical  Co..  Blackhawk  county,  la.;  capital  increased  to 

$25,000;    F.   E.   DeMott,   president. 
Empire  Drug  Co.,  Bayonne,   N.  J.;  capital,  $10,000;  Joseph  Steiner, 

Isidor   Sternick   and   Joseph   Adler. 
Garlington    Pharmacy    Co.,    Inc.,    Birmingham,    Ala.;    $2000;    J.    B. 

Garlington,  W.  T.   Garlington  and  Flora  Garlington. 
Blauw   Brothers,   New   York;   drugs,   medicines   and   toilet   articles; 

$10,000;  W.  H.  Blauw,  J.  Max  Blauw  and  Ernestine  Klinzing. 
Peruna   Co.,   Columbus,   Ohio;   decrease   in   capital    from  $500,000  ta 

$100,000. 
Holmes  &  Blakely,  Spartanburg,   S.   C;  $12,000;  Henry  M.  Holmes, 

president  and  treasurer;  George  D.  Blakely,  vice-president  and 

secretary. 
People's    Drug   Co.,   Johnson    county,    Tenn. ;   $5000;    R.    F.    Wright, 

J.    L.    Cottrell,    R.    E.    Donnelly,    D.    H.    Donnells    and    R.    A. 

Donnelly. 
Red   Cross   Pharmacy   Co.,   Logansport,    Ind. ;   wholesale   and   retail 

drugs;  $15,000;  M.  B.  Lairy,  Logansport;  J.  S.  Lairy  and  George 

H.    Babcock. 
Yum   Drug  Co.,   Durham,   N.   C. ;  $25,000;   to  manufacture   medicines 

and   do   a   general   drug  business;   Verne    Pea,    W,   H.    Crowell, 

L.  L.  Tilly. 
United  Medical  Co.,  Shelbyville,  Ky. ;  $10,000;  William  Hackworth, 

May  F.   Rothchild  and  J.   Salinger. 
Camphor  Imptg.  &  Mfg.  Co.,  Jersey  City;  chemists,  druggists,  etc.; 

^00.000;    G.    A.    Anderson,    Brooklyn;    E.    A.    Buck,    Arlington; 

A.    Dinkelspiel,   East   Orange. 
Columbus   Drug  Co.,   Columbus,   Mont. ;  $20,000;   Dr.   F.   M.   Nelson, 

L.  S.   Chafin  and  L.   D.   Roy,  Jr. 
Balbirnie    Pharmacy    Co.,    druggists    and    chemists,    Delaware    cor- 
poration;   $25,000;    H.    E.    Latter,    W.    J.    Maloney    and    O.    J. 

Reichard. 
Ideal   Compound   Co.,   Delaware  corporation;  $50,000;   C.   H.   Bishop, 

C.   J.  Jacobs,   H.   W.   Davis. 
Berkeley   Drug  Co.,  Boston;  Albert  L.  Wyman,  Everett  G.   Priest, 

William   C.    Rogers;   $5000. 
Hoover- Lott  Drug  Co.,  Galesburg,  111.;  $10,000;  Judson  W.   Hoover, 

Kathryn  D.  Hoover,  Harvey  V.   Lott  and  Mabel  A.   Lott. 


RECENT   FIRES. 


At  Elgin,  N.  0.,  Davenport  Bros,  drug  store;  loss  $7000. 

At  Greenwood,  Neb.,  Yeast  Drug  Co.;  loss  total. 

At  Oviedo,   Fla.,    D.    D.    Daniels'   drug  store;   loss   complete. 

At  Bronson,   Tex.,    Rushing  Forse   Drug  Co.;   loss   $6300;   insurance- 

$4000. 
At  Earl,'  Ark.,  Earl  Drug  Co.;  total;  $8000. 
.At  Geddes.   S.    D..    St.    Marie   drug   store;   destroyed. 
At  Seymour,   Ind.,    Central    Pharmacal    Co.;   loss   $4000. 
At  Prentiss,  Miss.,  Model  drug  store;  loss  $4500. 
At  Waltham,    Mass.,    Tickton    pharmacy;    loss    $5000. 
At  Fitchburg,   Mass.,   Fitchburg   Drug  Co.;    loss   $2000. 
At  Boyertown,    Pa.,   Alvah   P.    Greaves   drug   store;    loss  $3000. 
At  Wildwood,   Fla.,   Fleece   &  Gray  drug  store;   loss  heavy. 
At  Brookline,  Mass.,  John  L.   McGown,   drug  store;   loss  small. 


Drug  Manager  Arrested  for  Shipping  Poison  in  the  Mails. 


How  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  Came  Under  the  Ban;  How  the  Post- 
office  Rules  Conflict;  and  How  the  U.S.  District-Attorney 
Awaited  Instructions  from  Washington. 

WHEN  the  United  State  Postoffice  Department  within 
six  months  reverses  its  own  regulations  as  to  the  mail- 
ing of  poisons,  directly  forbidding  in  Circular  58,  new 
edition,  what  it  permitted  in  Circular  58,  old  edition,  and, 
after  arresting  the  New  York  manager  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co. 
on  the  charge  of  sending  poison  through  the  mails,  drops  the 
charges  and  frees  ilr.  Smith  by  orders  from  the  legal  depart- 
ment at  Washington  to  the  U.S.  District-.-\.ttorney — then,  is  it 
not  time  to  ask  why  the  arrest  was  made,  and  wliat  shall  be 
done  to  prevent  a  repetition  of  such  seeming  persecution? 

Oscar  W.  Smith,  New  York  manager  for  Parke,  Davis  & 
Co.,  was  held  in  $1500  bail  on  Feb.  9  on  the  charge  of  send- 
ing poisonous  drugs  through  the  mails.  The  case  was  dropped 
by  order  of  the  U.S.  Attorney-General  on  Feb.  25. 

George  H.  Adams,  inspector  in  charge  of  the  U.S.  Bureau 
of  Chemistry  in  Boston,  went  to  the  wholesale  drug  firm  of 
Carter,  Carter  &  Meigs,  and,  in  the  course  of  his  inspection 
work,  ordered  a  package  of  heroin  tablets.  Not  having  the 
size  desired  in  stock,  Carter,  Carter  &  Meigs  sent  an  order 
to  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.'s  New  York  branch,  the  tablets  were 
sent  to  Carter,  Carter  &  Meigs  by  parcel  post,  and  by  them 
delivered  to  Inspector  Adams.  The  latter,  who  desired  the 
tablets  to  learn  if  they  conformed  with  the  requirements  of  the 
Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  reported  with  the  samples  to  the 
Department  of  Agriculture  at  Washington,  in  accordance  with 
his  routine,  and  that  department,  noticing  that  the  goods  had 
been  sent  from  New  York  to  Boston  by  mail,  notified  the 
Postoffice  Department.  The  arrest  followed.  The  first  news- 
paper reports  were  to  the  effect  that  the  postoffice  authorities 
had  used  Carter,  Carter  &  Meigs  as  "stool  pigeons"  to  obtain 
the  heroin  from  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  in  accord  with  some 
mysterious  programme  of  drug  e.\clusion  following  the  news- 
paper hysteria  over  the  appointment  of  the  Mrs.  Vanderbilt 
anti-narcotic  morality  commission  in  New-  York.  The  facts 
as  stated  above  indicate  no  such  "conspiracy,"  but  rather  the 
lack  of  any  definite  ruling  or  understanding  on  the  part  of  the 
postoffice  officials  as  to  the  meaning  of  the  regulations  govern- 
ing the  mailing  of  drugs.  Such  is  the  confusion  in  the  de- 
partment that  an  appeal  has  been  made  to  the  Postoffice 
Department  by  U.S.  District-Attorney  Marshall  of  New  York 
to  interpret  the  conflicting  provisions  of  the  law,  that  he  may 
carry  the  Parke,  Davis  case  to  some  conclusion. 

In  general,  all  poisons  are  held  to  be  unmailable  vmder  the 
postal  laws.  Section  472  of  the  present  Laws  and  Regulations 
states  in  part: 

"All  kinds  of  poisons,  and  all  articles  and  compositions 
containing  poison,  .  .  .  and  all  other  natural  or  artificial 
articles,  compositions  or  materials  of  whatever  Kind  which 
may  kill  or  in  anywise  hurt,  harm,  or  injure  another, 
are  hereby  declared  to  be  nonmailable  matter  .  .  .  ;  but 
the  Postmaster-General  may  permit  the  transmission  in  the 
mails,  under  such  rules  and  regulations  as  he  shall  prescribe 
as  to  preparation  and  packing,  of  any  articles  hereinbefore 
described  which  are  not  outwardly  or  of  their  ov\'n  force  dan- 
gerous or   injurious   to  health,    life   or  property." 

In  accordance  with  the  power  bestowed  in  the  latter  part  of 
the  preceding  section.  Paragraph  4  of  the  same  section  states: 

"Medicineo  and   anesthetic  agents,   which   are  not   outwardly 


or  of  their  own  force  dangerous  or  injurious  to  life,  health,  or 
property,  and  not  in  themselves  unmailable  [on  accoimt  of 
improper  classification,  or  as  coming  under  the  section  relating 
to  obscene  and  immoral  matter],  may  be  admitted  to  the  mails 
for  transmission  in  the  domestic  mails  when  enclosed  in  pack- 
ages in  conformity  with  the  conditions  prescribed  in  Section 
474.  Provided,  That  the  terms  "medicines"  and  "anesthetic 
agents"  shall  not  be  construed  to  mean  poisons:  Provided, 
further.  That  the  article  mailed  bears  the  label  or  superscrip- 
tion of  the  manufacturer  thereof,  or  dealer  therein,  or  of  the 
licensed  physician,  surgeon,  dentist,  or  veterinarian  preparing 
or  prescribing  the  same." 

Circular  112,  issued  by  the  New  York  Postoffice,  and  re- 
lating to  the  parcel  post,  also  contains  these  regulations,  which 
are  applicable,  however,  to  all  classes  of  mail.  N.  Y.  Cir- 
cular 58,  new  edition,  covers  the  same  ground.  In  these 
circulars  all  poisons  are  barred  from  the  mails. 

But  a  former  edition  of  Circular  58  specifically  permitted 
the  mailing  of  poisons,  provided  they  were  not  to  be  used 
as  abortifacients,  etc.,  and  were  properly  packed.  The  former 
circular,   which  was  revised  in  July,   1913,   reads  as  follows: 

"Medicines  composed  in  part  or  wholly  of  poison  or  poisons, 
and  anesthetic  agents,  which  are  not  outwardly  or  of  their  own 
force  dangerous  or  injurious  to  life,  health,  or  property,  and 
not  in  themselves  unmailable,  may  be  admitted  to  the  mails 
for  transmission  in  the  domestic  mails  from  the  manufacturer 
thereof  or  dealer  therein  to  licensed  physicians,  surgeons,  phar- 
macists and  dentists,  and  not  otherwise,  when  inclosed  in 
packages  in  conformity  with  the  conditions  prescribed  in 
Section  496  [now  Section  474] :  Proz-ided,  That  the  package 
bears  the  label  or  superscription  of  the  manufacturer  of  or 
dealer  in  this  article." 

Hence  the  recently  revised  Circular  58  completely  reverses 
the  position  taken  in  the  former  edition  of  the  same  circular. 
Those  who  are  not  familiar  with  the  recent  changes  of  the 
postal  regulations  would  believe  that  poisons  were  mailable 
between  wholesalers  and  retailers,  but  not  between  retailers 
and  consumers,  whereas,  the  new  regulations  prohibit  the  use 
of  the  mails  for  transporting  poisons  under  any  circumstances. 

In  a  statement  issued  Feb.  13,  Frank  G.  Ryan,  president  of 
Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  thus  presented  his  side  of  the  case,  his 
position  being  that  of  Oscar  W.  Smith,  his  New  York  manager, 
and  of  many  other  manufacturing  pharmacists  who,  naturally. 
would  be  affected  by  the  interpretation  of  the  law  under  which 
the  arrest  was  made : 

"The  order  of  heroin  tablets  which  was  filled  by 
our  New  York  branch  for  Carter,  Carter  &  Meigs, 
wholesale  druggists  of  Boston,  would  not  have  been 
refused  by  a  single  manufacturer  or  jobber  in  the 
United  States.  It  is  plain  on  the  face  of  the  whole 
affair  that  the  action  of  our  branch  was  taken  inno- 
cently and  with  no  thought  of  violating  the  law,  even 
technically.  The  only  result  will  be  now  to  cause 
great  inconvenience  to  the  pharmacists  and  physicians 
of  the  United  States.  If  they  are  to  be  denied  the 
use  of  the  mails  and  the  parcel  post  for  the  perfectly 
legitimate  transportation  of  drugs  required  in  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine  they  will  simply  have  to  be  content 
with  service  by  freight  and  express.  The  additional 
inconvenience  and  expense  will  fall  upon  the  doctor, 
the  pharmacist  and  the  patient." 


132 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[March,  1914 


Personal  Liberty  in  Danger.* 

By    CASWELL   A.    MAYO,    PH.G. 

President-elect  of  the  AJ'h.A. 

OUR  legislators,  even  more  than  our  judiciary,  are  losing 
sight  of  the  traditional  principles  which  sliould  govern 
all  legislative  enactment.  As  pointed  out  in  the  admir- 
able address  by  Mr.  Justice  Cullen  before  the  Bar  .Association 
of  the  State  of  New  York,  "There  is  a  strong  tendency  in 
courts,  in  legislatures,  and,  worst  of  all,  in  the  people  them- 
selves, to  disregard  the  most  fundamental  principles  of  personal 
rights." 

The  absurd  and  unconstitutional  restrictions  on  personal 
liberty  imposed  in  the  so-called  eugenic  laws  is  another  in- 
stance in  point.  Every  student  of  civil  law,  or  even  casual 
reader  of  history,  knows  that  the  imposition  of  restrictions  to 
marriage  merely  means  an  increase  in  illegitimate  births.  The 
agitation  may  be  helpful  only  in  so  far  as  it  arouses  the  con- 
science of  the  individual  to  the  enormity  of  the  crime  which 
is  committed  by  the  marriage  of  diseased  persons,  but  such 
restrictive  acts  as  that  passed  in  Wisconsin  can  only  do  harm. 
Every  student  of  history  remembers  with  horror  the  brutality 
of  the  old  English  penal  law  which  provided  capital  punish- 
ment for  more  than  200  offences.  The  same  spirit  is  now 
shown  in  making  felonies  and  misdemeanors  of  all  sorts  of  acts 
which  of  themselves  are  not  criminal.  Mr.  Justice  Cullen  has 
pointed  out  that  we  now  have  more  than  200  felonies  and 
more  than  double  that  number  of  misdemeanors  e.xclusive  of 
duplications,  the  titles  of  which  bring  the  number  in  the  index 
of  the  Penal  Code  of  the  State  of  New  York  up  to  more  tlian 
600.  No  citizen  may  hope  to  avoid  committing  some  statutory 
misdemeanor  every  day  of  his  life.  The  mere  fact  that  some 
of  these  statutes  have  been  held  to  be  invalid  is  the  best  con- 
firmation of  my  criticism,  for  the  enactment  of  laws  which 
are  either  not  capable  of  enforcement  or  which  are  basically 
unjust  is  a  most  serious  matter,  for  such  legislation  tends  to 
bring  all  laws  into  contempt. 

Our  learned  friend,  Chief  Justice  Russell,  has  spoken  of 
the  horrors  of  drug  addiction  and  has  referred  with  just 
e.xecration  to  the  men  who  pander  to  this  vice.  I  am  glad 
to  have  this  opportunity  to  assure  him  that  the  pharmacists 
of  the  United  States  were  the  first  to  recognize  the  dangers 
incident  to  the  traffic  in  these  drugs  and  to  move  for  the 
proper  safeguarding  of  this  traffic.  In  confirmation  of  this 
statement  I  wish  to  in'orm  him  that  at  the  meeting  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  Association  held  in  St.  Louis  in 
1901,  I,  myself,  offered  a  resolution  pointing  out  the  regret- 
table increase  in  the  illegitimate  use  of  habit-forming  drugs 
and  providing  for  the  appointment  of  a  committee  to  inves- 
tigate  this  subject   in   the   following  words: 

Resolved,   That    a   committee   be   appointed   to   con- 
sider the  question  of  the  acquirement  of  drug  habits, 
and  the  best  methods  of  legislative  regulation  of  the 
danger.      (Vol.    49,     page    465,     Proceedings    of     the 
American   Pharmaceutical   Association    for    1901.) 
The   agitation   then   begun   has   been   kept   up   ever  since   by 
the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  and  has  received  the 
support    of    every    organized    body    of    pharmacists    throughout 
the    United    States,    and    an    anti-narcotic    measure    drafted    in 
accordance  with  the  findings  of  this  committee  by  Prof.  J.  H. 
Beal,   and   known   as   the   "Beal   Model   Law,"   has   formed   the 
basis    of    legislation    enacted    in    more    than    40    States    of    the 
Union. 

The  National  Drug  Trades'  Conference,  an  organization 
representing  every  branch  of  the  drug  trade,  is  largely  re- 
sponsible for  the  present  form  of  the  Harrison  anti-nnrcotic 
measure,  and  has  done  everything  within  its  power  to  bring 
about  the  enactment  of  this  bill,  which,  in  conjunction  with 
the  local  laws  in  force  in  every  State,  will,  if  properly  ad- 
ministered, go  far  towards  abating  the  illegitimate  use  of  these 
habit-forming  drugs.  To  the  credit  of  pharmacy,  let  it  be 
sad  that  the  only  open  opposition  which  this  measure  has 
encountered  has  come,  not  from  pharmacists,  but  from  an 
organization  composed  of  physicians  and  lawyers. 

Our  personal  liberty  has  been  further  endangered  by  bureau- 


cratic law.  All  will  recall  the  surprise  manifested  by  lawyers 
and  laymen  alike  when  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States  read  tlie  word  "reasonable"  into  the  Sherman  act,  too 
late,  alas,  to  prevent  the  Indianapolis  decision  on  the  "tri- 
partite plan."  This  learned  court  has  just  rendered  a  decision 
which  goes  further  in  the  direction  of  imposing  additional 
restrictions  than  did  the  introduction  of  the  word  "reasonable" 
in  the  opposite  direction.  Under  this  latest  decision  a  bureau 
chief,  or,  presumably,  any  subordinate  acting  in  his  name, 
may,  in  issuing  regulations  for  the  enforcement  of  a  law, 
issue  regulations  which  "round  out  the  law."  It  seems  to  me, 
and  I  believe  that  any  serious  student  of  the  law  will  agree 
with  me  in  this,  that  the  giving  of  permission  to  any  executive 
official  to  "round  out"  any  statute  of  Congress  in  accordance 
with  his  own  personal  interpretation  of  the  objects  of  that 
statute  is  a  blow  at  the  liberty  of  the  individual  which  may, 
in  the  hands  of  over-zealous  or  injudicious  officials,  go  far  in 
the  abridgement  of  the  constitutional  rights  of  the  American 
citizen   to  life,   liberty   and  the   pursuit  of  happiness. 

It  would  seem,  therefore,  that  the  citizen  should  take  careful 
note  of  these  tendencies  in  Uie  courts,  in  the  legislatures,  and 
in  the  executive  officials  as  portending  a  loss  of  that  personal 
liberty  which  has  been  the  boast  and  pride  of  the  United 
States  for  the  past  century  and  more.  Shall  we  sit  silent 
while  courts,  legislatures  and  bureaus  rob  us  of  that  inestima- 
ble heritage  of  personal  liberty  received  as  a  precious  heirloom 
from  the  founders  of  this  republic.  No,  a  thousand,  a  million 
times,  No!  We  speak  not  for  ourselves  alone,  not  only  for  the 
citizens  of  this  great  country  now  living,  but  for  the  millions 
yet  unborn  to  whom  we  owe  an  obligation  to  pass  on  un- 
harmed and  unrestricted  the  personal  liberty  handed  down 
to  us  by  our  own  fathers. 


New  Jersey's  New  Pharmacy  Bill. 


*From  an  address  delivered  at  the  annual  banquet  of  the 
Nationa'  Association  of  Manufacturers  of  Medicinal  Products 
nt  the   Wa!dorf-Astoria  Hotel,  New   York,  Feb.   12,    1914. 


Abstract    of    the    Proposed    State    Pharmacy    Law,    Kyioimi    as 
Assembly    Bill    No.    282,    Introduced    Feb.    3. 

THE  new  Pharmacy  Act  of  the  New  Jersey  Pharmaceutical 
Association,  as  drafted  and  amended  under  the  sponsor- 
ship of  the  Legislative  committee  of  that  body,  has  been 
introduced  in  the  New  Jersey  Legislature  by  Mr.  Fisk,  and  is 
known  as  Assembly  Bill  No.  282.  The  committee  is  made  up 
of  S.  D.  WooUey,  Ocean  Grove,  chairman;  J.  C.  Gallagher, 
Jersey  City ;  George  M.  Beringer,  Camden ;  Isaac  J.  Keuper, 
Trenton ;  David  Strauss. 

The  provisions  of  tlie  bill  in  many  respects  are  more  in 
keeping  with  the  trend  of  the  times  than  are  those  of  the 
present  law,  although  the  best  features  of  the  present  law 
are  retained,  including  the  provision  for  continuous  triennial 
registration,  with  a  50-cent  fee.  The  new  draft  contemplates 
reciprocal  registration  with  States  having  a  standard  equal  to 
that  of  New  Jersey,  and  also  includes  graduation  from  an 
acceptable  school  or  college  of  pharmacy  as  a  prerequisite  to 
registration  in  pharmacy.  Some  of  the  more  important  fea- 
tures of  the  bill,  which  differ  somewhat  from  existing  stipula- 
tions, or  which  are  repetitions  of  good  features  of  the  present 
law  are : 

The  board  shall  examine  into  each  application  for  license 
to  sell  drugs  and  medicines  as  a  licensed  storekeeper  or  as  a 
vendor — as  provided  for  in  the  act — if  in  their  judgment  the 
applicant  is  qualified  as  a  proper  person  to  engage  in  such 
selling  of  drugs  and  medicines  and  such  a  license  is  not  a 
detriment  to  public  health  or  morals. 

After  the  passage  of  the  act  every  pharmacy  must  displ"y 
on  a  sign  in  letters  at  least  an  inch  in  height  on  the  exterior 
of  the  store  or  on  the  window  or  door  so  as  to  be  read  from 
the  outside  the  name  of  the  proprietor  or  owner  and  the  name 
of  the  pharmacist  registered  as  such  by  the  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  and  it  shall  not  be  lawful  for  any  person  to  be  in 
charge  of  more  than  one  pharmacy  at  the  same  time  or  to 
display  his  or  her  name  ?s  such  on  more  than  one  pharmacy, 
under  penalty  of  fine  and  costs  o'  prosecution. 

.'\pplicants  for  examination  for  registration  must  show  a 
certificate  from  the  State  Commissioner  of  Education  showing 
that  such  applicant  before  entering  a  college  of  pharmncy  had 
obtained  an  academic  education  consisting  of  at  least  one  year's 
completed  study  in  an  approved  high  school  or  its  equivalent, 
and  shall  have  had  at  least  four  years'  practical  experience  in 
a    pharmacy    where    prescriptions    are    compounded    and    drugs 


IMaech,  1914] 


THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


133 


sold  at  retail — with  a  two-years'  credit  for  equal  time  spent  at 
a  school  of  pharmacy  in  lieu  of  store  experience — said  appli- 
cant to  be  a  graduate  of  a  school  of  pharmacy  complying  with 
the  rules  and  regulations   of  the  New   Jersey   board. 

Every  registered  pharmacist  or  assistant  pharmacist  shall 
once  in  three  years  during  his  or  her  practice  of  pharmacy  in 
New  Jersey  renew  his  or  her  registration,  paying  at  the  same 
time  a  renewal  fee  of  50  cents. 

Causes  for  removal  of  registration  certificate  are:  Not  of 
good  moral  character;  registration  secured  by  fraud  or  mis- 
representation; use  of  narcotics  or  alcoholic  stimulants  to  an 
extent  unfitting  certificate-holder  for  duties;   mental  disease. 

Every  pharmacy  in  the  State  to  keep  on  hand  at  all  times 
a  copy  of  the  latest  Revision  of  the  U.S. P.,  the  latest  edition 
of  the  N.F.,  and  a  copy  of  the  latest  edition  of  the  Homeopathic 
Pharmacopoeia   of  the   U.S.,   under  penalty  of  fine  and   costs. 

Impersonation  of  an  applicant  for  registration  before  the 
board  at  the  time  of  examination  is  made  subject  to  fine  and 
imprisonment. 

After  the  passage  of  the  act  it  is  made  unlawful  for  any 
storekeeper  in  a  town  or  place  of  not  more  than  1000  in- 
habitants, or  within  three  miles  of  a  pharmacy,  to  sell,  offer 
for  sale  or  give  away  any  of  the  poisons  enumerated  in  the 
schedule  of  the  act ;  or  any  patented  or  proprietary  medicine 
known  to  contain  any  such  ingredient. 

The  proprietor  of  any  store  or  establishment  other  than  a 
pharmacy  who  shall  sell  or  offer  for  sale  any  drug,  medicinal 
article  or  patented  or  proprietary  remedy  must  first  procure  from 
the  Board  of  Pharmacy  a  license  as  a  licensed  storekeeper  in 
drugs,  said  license  to  contain  a  schedule  of  such  drugs  and 
medicinal  preparations  as  shall  be  permitted  to  be  sold  in 
original  packages  as  put  up  by  and  bearing  the  label  of  a 
registered  pharmacist  of  a  reputable  pharmaceutical  manu- 
facturer. 

The  act  makes  unlawful  any  hawking  or  peddling  any  drug 
or  medicinal  preparation  unless  said  vendor  is  licensed  by  the 
Board  of  Pharmacy  as  an  itinerant  vendor,  with  a  license  fee 
of  $10,  and  with  the  proviso  that  the  drugs  and  medicines  so 
vended  are  of  proper  composition  and  not  detrimental  to  public 
health. 

All  drugs  to  be  sold  at  retail  must  be  labeled  in  legible 
English  so  as  to  show  what  the  package  contains;  this  section, 
however,  does  not  apply  to  the  compounding  of  prescriptions 
nor  to  patent  or  proprietary  medicines  sold  in  the  original 
packages. 

The  act  provides  that  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  shall 
adopt  a  schedule  of  what  in  their  judgment  are  the  most  suit- 
able antidotes  for  the  various  poisons,  such  a  schedule  of 
antidotes  to  be  printed  and  one  copy  mailed  to  every  person 
registered  on  their  books,  and  to  any  other  person  applying  for 
the  same. 

Under  the  poison  sections  of  the  act  it  is  provided  that :  It 
shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,  firm,  or  corporation  to  sell, 
furnish,  give  away  or  deliver  any  chloral  hydrate,  opium,  mor- 
phine, codeine,  ethylmorphine  (dionin)  ,  diacetyl-morphine 
(heroin)  or  any  salt,  derivative  or  chemical  compound  or  any 
of  the  foregoing  or  any  preparation,  admixture  or  compound 
containing  any  of  the  foregoing  or  their  salts,  derivatives  or 
chemical  compounds,  except  on  the  original  written  order  or 
prescription  of  a  duly  licensed  practitioner  of  medicine,  den- 
tistry or  veterinarj'  medicine.  It  is  provided,  however,  that 
such  provision  shall  not  apply  to  preparations  containing  opium 
and  recommended  and  sold  in  good  faith  for  diarrhoea  or 
cholera,  each  bottle  or  package  of  which  is  accompanied  by 
specific  directions  for  use,  or  to  the  powder  of  ipecac  rnd 
opium,  commonly  known  as  Dover's  powder,  when  so'd  in 
dosage  forms  and  properly  labeled,  or  to  liniments,  o'ntments 
and  plasters  containing  opium  and  plainly  marked  "for  ex- 
ternal use,"  or  to  the  sale  of  laudanum  for  legitimate  pur- 
poses to  persons  not  addicted  to  its  habitual  use.         ^ 

The  Board  of  Pharmacy  shal  bave  the  r'ght  to  accept  the 
certificates  of  the  pharmacy  boards  o'  other  States  in  lie'i  of 
examination,  provided  that  such  other  States  have  on  equivalent 
standard  for  registration,  and  further  providing  that  such  ex- 
change of  certificates  is  reciprocal. 

Misbranding  under  the  act  will  be  deemed  to  ex'st  if  the 
package  or  bbel  bear  any  statement,  sign,  or  device  regaidlriR 
such  articles,  ingredients  or  substances  which  shal!  be  fa'se 
or   misleading   in    any   particular,    or    is   fa'sely   branded    ns   to 


State,  Territory,  country  or  locality  in  which  it  is  manufactured 
or  produced. 


Other  New  Jersey  Drug  Legislation. 

A  bill  has  been  introduced  in  the  Senate,  and  referred  to  the 
Committee  on  Public  Health,  which  provides  that  on  and  after 
the  passage  of  the  act  it  shall  be  lawful  for  any  registered  or 
licensed  physician,  located  as  a  practitioner  of  medicine  and 
surgery  in  any  city,  town,  borough  or  village  (not  exceeding 
1000  in  population)  to  engage  in  the  practice  of  pharmacy  in 
such  city,  town,  borough  or  village,  with  all  the  rights,  powers 
and  privileges  of  a  registered  pharmacist. 

Assemblyman  George  L.  Burton,  of  New  Bnmswick,  has 
introduced  a  bill  in  the  House  of  Assembly  to  amend  the 
public  health  act  regarding  the  sale  of  habit-forming  drugs  and 
drugged  patent  medicines.  Habit-forming  patent  medicines 
containing  large  percentages  of  alcohol,  cocaine,  morphine,  etc., 
are  specifically  mentioned  in  the  bill  and  their  exclusion  pro- 
vided for.  The  bill,  Mr.  Burton  declares,  is  aimed  particularly 
at  heroin,  since  after  a  personal  investigation  he  has  found 
that  the  police  are  powerless  to  deal  with  the  drug  habit  in 
the  Eastern  part  of  the  State. 


NE"W  BICHLORIDE  ORDINANCE  FOR  NEW  YORK 


Measure   Adopted   by   Board   of   Health   Provides   for 
Sale   on  Prescription — Takes   Effect   March    1. 
.^t  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Health  of  the  Department  of 
Health  of  New  York  City,  held  February  17,   1914,  the  follow- 
ing resolution  was  adopted : 

WHERE.AS,  Bich'oride  of  mercury,  otherwise  cor- 
rosive sublimate,  a  poison,  has  frequently  been  taken 
by  mistake  and  loss  of  life  has  resulted  therefrom, 
therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  section  67a  of  the  Sanitary  Code  be, 
and  the  same  is,  hereby  amended  to  take  effect  March 
1,  1914,  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

Section  67a.  No  person  shall  sell  or  offer  for  sale 
at  retail,  bichloride  of  mercury,  otherwise  known  as 
corrosive  sublimate,  in  the  dry  form  except  upon  the 
prescription  of  a  duly  authorized  registered  physician 
or  veterinary  surgeon,  and  then  only  in  tablets  of  a 
particularly  distinctive  form  or  color,  labeled  POISON 
upon  each  tablet,  and  dispensed  in  sealed  glass  con- 
tainers conspicuously  labeled  with  the  word  POISON 
in  red  letters. 

This  section  does  not  apply  to  any  prepar.ition  con- 
taining one-tenth  of  a  grain  or  less  of  bichloride  of 
mercury. 


"Six  Days  Shalt  Thou  Labor,  and  Do  All  Thy  'Work." 

.According  to  James  L.  Gernon,  mercantile  inspector  of  the 
Depcrtment  of  Labor,  offices  at  381  Fourth  avenue,  no  em- 
ployee, coming  under  the  new  "one  day  of  rest  in  seven"  law, 
may  work  more  than  sLx  consecutive  days  without  having  24 
hours  off.  The  employee  may  take  advantage  of  as  many  days 
of  rest  as  may  be  allowed  him,  but  after  si.x  consecutive  days 
of  work  he  must  again  be  allowed  24  hours  of  rest.  The 
spirit  of  the  law  may  be  that  the  employee  get  one  day  off  a 
week,  but  Mr.  Gernon  doubted  if  the  department  had  any 
authority  to  enforce  the  law  in  any  other  manner  than  that 
dictated  by  its  letter.  Ths  interpretation  puts  an  end  to  the 
arrangement  of  allowing  drug  clerks  every  other  Sunday  off, 
unless  the  employer  cares  to  occasionally  give  them  more  than 
one  day  off  in  seven.  One  day  in  seven  does  not  mean  one 
djy  every  calendar  week.  Mr.  Gernon  informed  the  Era 
representative  that  one  druggist  had  been  fined  §20  for  nol 
observing  the  law  and  that  prosecutions  were  being  conducted 
against  others.  "No  one,  however,  has  been  brought  into  court 
without  first   being  warned  of  what  he  was  do'ng." 


Prof.  Raubenheimer  Leaves  Journalism. 
Prof.  Otto  Raubenheimer  has  resigned  as  editor  of  the 
Practical  Druggist  and  will  hereafter  devote  his  time  to  the 
work  of  the  revision  of  the  Pharmacopoeia  and  National  For- 
mulary, to  teaching  in  the  department  of  pharmacy  of  the 
University  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey  and  editing  its  bulletin, 
and  last,  but  not  least,  to  the  management  of  his  pharmacy 
and  laboratory.    1341    Fulton  street,  Brooklyn. 


134 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


Drug  Laws  and  Rulings 


Skull  and  Bones  for  Alcoholic  Beverages — Assembly- 
man 'Knapp,  of  Chemung,  N.  Y.,  has  introduced  in  the  New 
York  State  Legislature  a  bill  to  insert  in  the  penal  law  a  new 
section — 1743-a — making  it  unlawful  to  sell  beverages  contain- 
ing more  than  2  per  cent,  of  alcohol,  unless  the  container  is 
specially  labeled  with  a  skull  and  crossbones  and  this  inscrip- 
tion:  "This  preparation  contains  alcohol,  which  is  a  habit- 
forming,  irritant  narcotic  poison."  The  size  of  the  type  in 
which  the  labels  are  to  be  printed  varies  with  the  size  of  the 
container,  and  violations  of  the  provisions  of  the  act  are 
punishable  by  fine — not  less  than  $5  nor  more  than  $50 — or 
imprisonment  for  not  less  than  five  nor  more  than  50  days — 
or  both.  Each  sale  of  a  container  without  the  specified  label  is 
to  constitute  a  separate  offence. 

New  Connecticut  Labor  Law  Puzzles  Druggists — 
Since  the  new  State  laws  regarding  the  employment  of  minors 
under  16  years  of  age,  and  women,  went  into  effect  a  number 
of  Waterbury  (Conn.)  druggists  have  seriously  considered  a 
change  in  schedule  with  the  opening  at  8  to  8 :  30  instead  of 
6:30,  as  in  the  past,  and  closing  at  10  or  10;  30  instead  of 
11  to  11:30.  "The  rub  is  expected  on  the  earlier  closing 
proposition,"  declared  a  prominent  druggist,  "and  yet  the 
hours  of  the  druggists  and  their  clerks  are  altogether  too  long 
now." 

Drastic  Prohibition  in  West  Virginia — That  the  pro- 
hibition lid  will  be  closed  down  tight  in  West  Virginia  after 
June  30,  was  the  declaration  of  Governor  Hatfield  and  State 
Ta.x  Commissioner  Fred  O.  Blue  at  a  recent  conference  at 
Charleston,  attended  by  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Health, 
State  Board  of  Pharniacy,  State  Board  of  Dental  Examiners, 
West  \'irginia  Medical  Association,  and  West  Virginia  Phar- 
maceutical Association.  The  meeting  was  for  the  purpose  of 
exchanging  views  between  the  Governor  and  Tax  Commis- 
sioner, who  will  enforce  the  law,  and  the  druggists,  physicians 
and  dentists,  on  whose  authority  intoxicants  will  be  sold  after 
the  prohibition  amendment  becomes  effective.  The  conferees 
agreed  that  the  letter  of  the  law  will  be  enforced,  and  that  the 
only  intoxicants  to  be  manufactured  and  sold  within  the  State 
will  be  "pure  grain  alcohol  for  medicinal  purposes,  pharma- 
ceutical, scientific  and  mechanical  purposes,  and  wine  for 
sacramental   purposes  by   religious   bodies." 

Jersey  Druggist  Sued  Tinder  Wood  Alcohol  Act — 
Charging  that  Druggist  Charles  W.  England,  of  54  Fourth 
street,  Newark,  violated  the  provisions  of  the  act  of  1912, 
which  prohibits  the  sale  of  any  article  intended  for  internal  or 
external  use,  which  contains  wood  alcohol,  the  State  Depart- 
ment of  Food  and  Drugs  of  the  State  Board  of  Health  has 
entered  three  suits  against  the  druggist  to  collect  $300  penal- 
ties. England  was  charged  with  selling  essence  of  peppermint, 
Jamaica  ginger  and  a  patent  medicine  containing  wood  alcohol. 
He  is  engaged  in  both  the  wholesale  and  retail  manufacture 
and  distribution  of  various  articles. 

Wants  Interstate  Drug  Law — Following  the  introduc- 
tion of  the  so-called  Boylan  bill  at  Albany,  Charles  B.  Towns 
said  that  he  expects  soon  to  have  a  bill  introduced  in  Congress 
restricting  interstate  traffic  in  habit-forming  drugs.  In  speak- 
ing of  the  proposed  State  law,  which  would  bar  from  practice 
any  physician  addicted  to  the  use  of  drugs,  Mr.  Towns  said: 
"There  is  a  real  necessity  for  this  provision.  Drugs  may  spoil 
a  surgical  operation.  They  may  induce  a  doctor  to  neglect 
imperative  calls.  The  medical  profession  itself  at  present  does 
nothing  to  protect  the  public  against  the  irresponsible  doctor. 
The  first  step  for  the  Federal  Government  will  be  to  require 
the  registration  of  all  importers  and  manufacturers  of  habit- 
forming  drugs  and  of  all  druggists.  Then  the  Government 
must  require  an  accounting  of  all  drugs  imported  or  manufac- 
tured. The  law  which  practically  prohibits  the  importation  of 
opium  for  smoking  has  resulted  in  the  loss  of  $1,500,000  an- 
nually to  the  Government  and  an  increase  in  the  vice  of  opium 
smoking.  It  is  possible  to  do  much  without  international 
action.  The  Federal  Government  and  State  legislation  would 
wipe  out  93  per  cent,  of  the  drug  evil." 

Bichloride  Bill  in  Maryland — A  bichloride  of  mercury 
anti-poison    bill    has   made    its   appearance    in    the   Maryland 


Legislature.  It  was  introduced  in  the  Senate  by  Dr.  Eugene 
Jones,  of  Montgomery  county,  a  practicing  physician,  and  re- 
quires that  antiseptic  tablets  containing  more  than  one-tenth  of 
a  grain  of  bidiloride  of  mercury  shall  be  distinctively  shaped, 
colored  and  marked.  The  bottles  into  which  they  are  put 
must  have  the  word  "Poison"  blown  in  them  on  one  side, 
while  the  other  is  to  bear  a  label  with  the  word  "Poison"  in 
conspicuous  letters.  Dr.  Jones  thinks  that  these  precautions 
will  serve  to  prevent  many  fatal  accidents  that  now  occur 
through  the  unintentional  taking  of  bichloride  tablets.  Viola- 
tions of  the  proposed  statute  are  to  be  punishable  by  fines  of 
$25  to  $100  or  by  imprisonment  for  30  to  90  days,  or  both, 
in  the  discretion  of  the  court. 

Physicians  Blamed  by  Tennessee  Commissioner. — 
Dr.  Lucius  B.  Brown,  State  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Commis- 
sioner of  Tennessee,  stated  recently  that  from  his  information 
fully  nine-tenths  of  the  drug  addictions  are  caused  by  the 
carelessness  of  physicians  in  issuing  prescriptions  for  habit- 
forming  drugs.  Since  the  new  State  anti-narcotic  law  became 
effective  January  1,  up  to  the  date  of  the  interview,  the  de- 
partment had  issued  85  permits  to  have  prescriptions  refilled. 
One  woman  while  waiting  her  turn  to  see  Dr.  Brown  fainted 
and  the  services  of  a  physician  were  required  to  resuscitate  her. 
Another  woman  wanted  960  grains  of  morphine  for  a  month's 
use.  Dr.  Brown  asks  that  all  physicans  use  the  utmost  care 
in  issuing  prescriptions  for  habit-forming  drugs. 

To  Hit  Sellers'  Fraud — The  measure  to  prevent  or 
punish  misrepresentation  in  the  sale  of  goods,  which  passed 
both  houses  of  the  New  York  Legislature  last  year,  but  was 
vetoed  by  Gov.  Sulzer,  has  again  been  introduced  through  the 
efforts  of  the  United  States  Trade-Mark  Association.  This 
bill  has  the  support  of  the  Merchants'  Association  as  well  as 
that  of  the  American  Specialties  Manufacturers,  N.W.D.A., 
Stove  Manufacturers,  American  Bottlers'  Protective  and  Na- 
tional Confectioners'  associations.  Two  purposes  are  kept  in 
view  in  the  proposed  legislation.  The  first  is  to  make  oral 
misrepresentations  a  criminal  offence  the  same  as  written  ones 
are  now.  The  other  is  to  give  a  party  aggrieved  who  has 
been  injured  by  the  misrepresentation  the  right  to  recover  in  a 
civil  action  a  penalty  of  $100  for  each  offence.  The  persons 
who  would  be  affected,  in  the  language  of  the  proposed  law, 
are  those  who  "shall  knowingly  sell,  offer  or  expose  for  sale 
any  article  of  merchandise,  and  shall  orally  or  by  representa- 
tion, name,  or  mark  written  or  printed  thereon  or  attached 
thereto  or  used  in  connection  therewith,  or  by  advertisement, 
or  otherwise  in  any  manner  whatsoever  make  any  false  repre- 
sensation  as  to  the  person  by  whom  such  article  of 
merchandise  or  the  m?.terial  thereof  was  made,  or  was 
in  whole  or  in  part  produced,  manufactured,  finished, 
processed,  treated,  marketed,  packed,  bottled,  or  boxed."  If 
enacted  into  law,  this  bill  would  do  for  the  State  of  New  York 
exactly  what  a  number  of  the  business  men  wish  done  by  the 
Federal  Government,  as  stated  before  the  Legislative  Commit- 
tee of  the  Merchants'  Association  at  a  recent  hearing. 

To   Sto.p   Misleading  Advertisements -A   bill   making 

it  a  misdemeanor  to  circulate  misleading  advertisements  of  any 
nature  by  any  means  was  passed  recently  in  the  Council,  the 
upper  house  of  the  St.  Louis  Municipal  Assembly,  by  a 
unanimous  vote  of  the  12  members  present.  The  bill  was  in 
its  original  form,  despite  the  request  of  several  merchants  and 
advertising  experts  who  appeared  at  a  public  meeting  and 
urged  that  the  word  "misleading"  was  too  indefinite  and  might 
render  innocent  advertisers  liable  to  conviction  when  no  de- 
ception was  intended.  As  an  example,  the  common  term  "solid 
gold"  as  applied  to  10,  14,  or  18  karat  gold  might  be  held  to 
be  "misleading,"  it  was  said. 

Druggists'  Weights  Short  in  Milwaukee The  cam- 
paign which  has  been  started  in  Milwaukee  by  the  city 
sealer's  department,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Wisconsin  State 
department  of  weights  and  measures,  against  short-weight  scales 
of  druggists  and  jewelers,  has  resulted  in  disclosing  many  cases 
of  defective  apparatus.  In  his  first  day's  work  for  the  city 
sealer's  department,  R.  W.  Cunliffe,  a  chemical  engineer,  ap- 
pointed a  special  deputy  for  the  work,  found  26  short-weights 
in  downtown  drug  stores  in  Milwaukee.  Officials  of  the  city 
sealer's  department  say  that  the  short  weights  do  not  neces- 
sarily indicate  that  druggists  have  been  trying  to  defraud  cus- 
tomers, but  that  many  of  the  weights,  having  been  used  for  a 
number  of  years,  have  dropped  below  their  designated  weight. 


Maech,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


135- 


and  the  druggists  have  paid  no  attention  to  it.  Mr.  Cunliffe 
will  inspect  every  drug  store  in  Milwaukee  and  will  then  give 
his  attention  to  the  scales  in  the  jewelry  stores. 

Got  Extra  Price  for  His  Whiskey,  Hence  It  Was 
Medicine — .A.  M.  Clauder,  a  Cincinnati  druggist,  charged 
with  the  violation  of  his  liquor  license,  has  been  discharged, 
cleared,  by  the  Cincinnati  municipal  court.  A  resident  of  the 
neighborhood  went  to  the  drug  store  and  told  Clauder  that  he 
was  ill  with  cramps  and  wanted  some  whiskey  and  ginger. 
Clauder  gave  it  to  him  as  medicine  and  charged  him  25  cents — 
10  cents  is  the  average  price  for  whiskey  in  that  section  of 
Cincinnati — and  when  Clauder  was  taken  before  the  court  the 
judge  held  that  the  price  charged  was  sufficient  evidence  that 
the  whiskey  combination  was  sold  as  a  medicine  and  not  as  a 
beverage. 

To  Regulate  Bichloride  Sales Senator  Egan,  of  Hud- 
son county,  N.  J.,  has  introduced  a  bill  in  the  New  Jersey 
Assembly  making  it  unlawful  to  sell  corrosive  sublimate  or 
similar  poisons  except  on  the  prescription  of  a  physician. 

New    National    Opium    Laws Under    the    new    opium 

laws,  drawn  for  the  purpose  of  wiping  out  the  traffic  in  opium 
for  smoking,  smoking  itself,  and  the  use  of  the  drug  for  other 
than  medicinal  purposes,  a  fine  of  $10,000  or  imprisonment  for 
five  years,  or  both,  is  possible  as  a  penalty  for  violations  of  the 
law.  A  tax  of  S300  a  pound  is  provided  on  the  drug  as 
manufactured  for  smoking. 

Fighting  Doctors  in  Drug  Stores The  County  Medi- 
cal Society  has  begun  a  legal  conflict  with  some  400  drug 
stores  in  New  York  City  by  the  arrest  of  Morris  Lederman, 
head  of  the  Standard  Pharmacy  Co.,  2d  street  and  the  Bowery, 
charged  "with  advertising  the  senices  of  a  physician" — which 
is  contrary  to  law.  Lederman  was  held  in  nominal  bail,  and 
the  case  will  be  carried  to  the  highest  courts.  John  Dyer, 
attorney  for  the  County  Medical  Society,  claims  there  are  more 
than  400  drug  stores  which  employ  physicians  to  give  advice 
to  and  examine  customers  on  their  premises,  and  that  the 
advertising  of  such  services  constitutes  a  breakage  of  the  law. 

Sale  of  Playing  Cards  Violates  Sunday  Law. — The 
proprietor  of  a  Providence  (R.  I.)  drug  store  has  been  placed 
on  probation  for  having  allowed  merchandise  to  be  sold  in  his 
store  on  Sunday.  A  clerk  employed  in  the  store  sold  a  pack 
of  playing  cards,  after  the  proprietor  had  been  warned  by  the 
police  that  such  sales  must  not  be  made  on  Sunday. 


ciety  members  not  to  oppose  the  bill.  At  the  society's  meeting 
various  members  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  enactment  of 
the  bill  would  only  ser\e  as  an  entering  wedge  to  make  similar 
provisions  for  New  York  City. 


New  York  Bills  Affecting  Druggists. 

NOT  for  a  long  time  have  there  been  so  many  bills  before 
the  New  York  Legislature  which  affect,  directly  and 
indirectly,  the  pharmacists  of  the  State.  The  anti- 
narcotic  agitation,  and  the  effort  to  secure  a  law  governing  the 
sale  of  bichloride  of  mercxiry  which  shall  be  fair  to  all  con- 
cerned, are  both  responsible  for  this  influx  of  proposed  legis- 
lation. We  publish  herewith  the  more  important  bills  by  title, 
with  brief  abstracts  of  their  provisions : 

ASSEMBLY    BILLS. 


To  amend  the  penal  law,  in  relation  to  public  traffic  on 
Sunday   (No.  59.  Int.  60.    Phillips)  : 

Except  in  cities  of  more  than  one  million  inhabitants,  all  man- 
ner of  public  or  private  selling  or  offering  for  sale  of  any  property 
on  Sunday  is  prohibited,  except  .  .  .  Milk,  ice  and  soda  water 
may  be  sold  in  places  other  than  where  spirituous  or  malt  liquors 
or  wines  are  kept  or  offered  for  sale;  Passenger  tickets,  news- 
papers, drugs,  medicines  and  surgical  appliances  may  be  sold  in  a 
quiet  and  orderly  manner  at  any  time  of  the  day;  Act  shall  take 
effect  immediately. 

The  Phillips  bill,  according  to  report  of  J.  H.  Rehfuss,  pre- 
sented at  February  meeting  of  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical 
Society,  is  a  Sunday  "blue"  law  backed  by  the  Sunday  Observa- 
tion Conference  of  New  York.  The  original  idea  of  those 
interested  in  it  was  not  to  include  the  drug  stores,  but  to  get 
after  the  delicatessen  shops.  Mr.  Rehfuss  pointed  out  that 
in  order  to  keep  a  drug  store  open  on  a  Stmday  an  expense 
of  at  least  $8  was  incurred,  due  to  clerk  hire,  etc. :  druggists 
would  have  to  sell  other  articles  than  drugs  in  order  to  accom- 
modate the  public  by  keeping  open  for  drug  sales.  A  com- 
mittee called  upon  members  of  the  above  conference,  but 
nothing  of  advantage  to  the  retail  drug  trade  came  of  the 
interview.     The   conference   representatives   requested   the   so- 


To  avtend  the  penal  law,  in  relation  to  selling  poison  with- 
out label,  and  recording  the  sale  (No.  204.  Int.  204.  Knapp)  : 

It  shall  be  unlawful  to  sell  at  wholesale  or  retail,  furnish  or 
offer  for  sale,  any  package,  bottle  or  other  holder  containing  any 
article,  preparation  or  compound  intended  or  commonly  used  for 
beverage  purposes  which  contains  more  than  2  per  "cent,  by  weight 
of  alcohol  unless  the  same  shall  bear  on  the  outside  thereof  a 
special  label  on  which  shall  be  printed  in  red  the  skull  and  cross- 
bones  commonly  used  to  designate  poison  and  the  following  words: 
"This  preparation  contains  alcohol  which  is  a  habit-forming  irri- 
tant, narcotic  poison,"  such  special  label  to  be  on  the  same  side- 
as  the  general  label,  if  any,  containing  the  name  and  description 
of  the  article.  Bill  provides  for  three  classes  of  containers  and 
legibility  of  type  used  for  each  class.  Violation  shall  constitute  a 
misdemeanor;  penalty,  not  less  than  five  dollars  nor  more  than 
fifty  dollars  or  imprisonment  not  less  than  five  days  nor  more  than 
fifty  days  or  both.  Each  bottle  or  container  sold,  etc.,  without 
special  label  shall  constitute  a  separate  offence. 

The  Knapp  bill,  according  to  Mr.  Rehfuss,  would  tend  to 
depreciate  the  value  of  the  "poison"  label. 


To  amend  the  penal  law,  in  relation  to  the  sale  or  posses- 
sion of  cocaine  or  eucaine   (No.  210.  Int.  210.  Sufrin)  : 

It  shall  be  lawful  for  a  licensed  pharmacist  or  a  licensed  drug- 
gist to  sell  or  dispense  alkaloid  cocaine  or  its  salts  or  alpha  or 
beta  eucaine  or  their  salts  in  the  following  cases:  (1)  Upon  the 
written  prescription  of  a  physician  duly  registered  and  licensed  to- 
practlce  In  the  State  of  New  York;  (2)  to  a  licensed  dentist  upon 
his  or  her  written  order.  Bill  further  provides  that  total  amount 
dispensed  to  dentist  shall  not  exceed  30  grains  upon  one  written 
order  and  order  shall  be  retained  by  person  dispensing  drug. 
Dentist  required  to  keep  same  records  as  is  required  in  the  case 
of  a  purchase  in  the  original  package,  with  the  exception  of  the- 
omission  of  the  statement  that  the  same  was  sold  and  purchased 
in  the  original  package. 

The  Sufrin  bill.  No.  210,  was  explained  and  approved  at 
Kings  County  Ph.S.  meeting.  New  York  Board  of  Trade  and 
Transportation  Drug  Trade  Section  legislative  committee  was 
instructed  to  consult  with  District  Attorney's  office  relative  to 
this  bill.  The  present  cocaine  law  permits  purchase  of  cocaine 
by  dentists  in  original  packages.  Opinion  on  the  subject  was 
divided  at  the  Section's  last  meeting,  one  member  in  particular 
being  decidedly  of  the  opinion  that  a  registered  pharmacist 
should  be  permitted  to  sell  to  dentists. 


To  amend  the  penal  law,  in  relation  to  permitting  labor  and 
secular  business  on  Sunday  by  certain  persons  (No.  211.  Int. 
211.  Sufrin)  : 

No  person,  who  belongs  to  a  religious  faith,  according  to  the 
tenets  of  which  any  other  day  of  the  week  than  Sunday  is  ob- 
served by  its  members  as  a  Sabbath  or  day  of  rest,  and  who- 
actually  refrains  from  secular  business  and  labor  on  such  other 
day,  or  from  sundown  on  Friday  to  sundown  on  Saturday,  shall 
be  liable  to  prosecution  for  carrying  on  secular  business  or  per- 
forming labor  on  Sunday,  when  so  conducted  as  not  to  disturb, 
other  persons  in  observing  Sunday  as  a  Sabbath  or  day  of  rest. 
Nothing  herein  shall  be  construed  to  permit  any  person  to  carry 
on  business  or  perform  labor  on  more  than  six  days  in  any  week. 
To  take  effect  Sept.   1,  1914. 

The  Sufrin  bill.  No.  211,  was  characterized  as  "religious" 
by  the  Kings  County  Ph.S.  members  and  it  was  imanimously 
decided  to  "leave  it  alone." 


For  preventing  the  manufacture  or  sale  of  adulterated  or 
misbranded  or  poisonous  or  deleterious  foods,  drugs,  medicines, 
and  liquors,  and  for  regulating  traffic  therein,  and  to  provide 
for  the  appointment  of  a  commissioner  of  food  and  drugs  and 
his  assistants,  to  define  their  powers  and  duties  and  to  repeal 
all  acts  relating  to  the  production,  manufacture,  and  sale  of 
foods,  drugs,  medicines,  and  liquors  in  conflict  herewith  (No. 
279.  Int.  279.  Nelson) : 

Provides  for  appointment  of  a  commissioner  of  food  and  drugs;. 
term,  four  years,  salary,  S5,000  and  necessary  expenses;  duties, 
enforcement  of  all  laws  regarding  manufacture  or  sale  of  adul- 
terated, misbranded,  etc.,  food,  drugs,  medicines  and  liquors  (as 
defined  in  the  bill)  and  to  prosecute  all  violators.  Governor  shall 
appoint,  as  required,  a  food  standard  commission  to  determine  and 
adopt  standards  of  quality,  purity,  etc.,  for  food  products  for  this 
State.  Commission  to  consist  of  three  members,  one  the  above 
commissioner,  who  shall  serve  without  extra  pay,  and  one  of  whom 
shall  be  a  representative  of  the  New  York  food  manufacturing 
industries,  and  one  of  whom  shall  be  a  food  chemist:  remuneration, 
$15  per  day  for  not  over  30  days  in  one  year,  and  expenses.  Bill 
also  authorizes  appointment  one  assistant  commissioner  at  $2500- 
per  year;  one  cnief  chemist  at  S2000  and  expenses;  one  attorney, 
S3000  and  expenses;  one  chief  clerk,  $2000  and  expenses;  one 
assistant  clerk,  $1800  and  expenses;  three  stenographers,  $720  each; 


136 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[March,  1914 


10  inspectors,  $1500  per  annum  first  two  years'  service,  $1600  for 
third  year  and  $100  annual  increases  until  maximum  of  $1800  is 
attained,  and  expenses.  Commissioner  is  authorized  to  appoint 
one  bacteriologist  at  $1800  and  expenses,  and  three  analytical 
cheinists,  salaries  ranging  from  $1200  to  $1800,  as  per  years  of 
service,  and  expenses,  and  one  laboratory  janitor  at  $720.  Bill 
is  lengthy  and  should  be  obtained  from  Assembly  clerk  by  those 
interested. 

The  Nelson  bill  was  opposed  by  the  Kings  County  Ph.S. 
on  the  ground  that  the  Department  of  Agriculture  already  had 
in  hand  the  regulation  of  the  sale  and  manufacture  of  food  and 
drugs.  Mr.  Rehfuss  did  not  think  that  the  bill  would  make 
much  headway  at  this  session  as  it  had  too  much  opposition. 
According  to  S.  V.  B.  Swann,  this  bill,  if  enacted,  would 
supersede  the  pharmacy  law  as  to  misbranding,  etc.,  of  drugs. 


To  amend  the  penal  law,  relating  to  the  delivery  of  distilled 
or  rectified  spirits,  -wine,  fermented  or  malt  liquors,  within  the 
State  of  New  York,  and  to  require  all  packages  of  or  packages 
containing  distilled  or  rectified  spirits,  wine,  fermented  or  malt 
liquors,  to  be  labeled  on  the  outside  or  cover  so  as  to  show 
plainly  the  name  of  the  consignee,  the  nature  of  its  contents, 
and  the  quantity  thereof  (No.  337.  Int.  335.  Giliett)  : 

To  amend  the  penal  law,  relating  to  the  delivery  of  liquor  in 
places  where  its  sale  is  forbidden  by  the  liquor  tax  law  (No. 
338.  Int.  336.  Giliett)  : 


SENATE    BLLLS. 


To  amend  the  public  health  law,  in  relation  to  certain  habit- 
forming  drugs    (No.  35.  Int.  35.   Boylan)  : 

No  pharmacist,  druggist,  apothecary  or  other  person  shall  fill 
prescriptions  containing  opium,  morphia,  coca  leaves,  cocaine, 
alpha  and  beta  eucaine,  chloral  hydrate,  their  salts,  derivatives,  or 
preparations^  except  upon  the  written  order  of  a  physician,  as  pro- 
vided in  this  bill.  State  commissioner  of  public  health  shall  pre- 
pare and  furnish  to  local  health  boards  official  prescription  blanks, 
serially  numbered  in  duplicate  .  .  .,  upon  which  must  be  writ- 
ten the  date,  name  of  person  to  whom  prescription  is  issued,  pre- 
scription in  full  and  name  of  person  issuing  prescription;  . 
All  prescriptions  written  for  narcotics  named  above  must  be  writ- 
ten on  these  blanks.  Sale  at  retail  of  enumerated  drugs  without 
first  receiving  from  purchaser  an  official  prescription  blank, 
properly  filled  out  and  signed  by  a  duly  licensed  physician,  shall 
be  unlawful.  Prescription  blank  shall  be  filled  at  time  of  receipt 
and  no  prescription  shall  be  filled  more  than  10  days  after  date  of 
writing.  It  shall  be  filled  but  once.  No  copy  shall  be  made, 
dispenser  keeping  original  and  filing  same  in  a  separate  file. 
Date,  name  and  address  of  purchaser  and  name  of  dispenser  must 
be  entered  in  a  book  and  a  certificate  stating  name  and  address 
of  person  furnishing  drug,  name  and  address  of  physician,  and 
amount  of  identity  of  drug,  must  be  given  to  purchaser,  official 
certificates  to  be  furnished  by  commissioner  of  health. 

This  bill  also  provides  for  official  order  blanks  for  the  purchase 
of  enumerated  drugs  by  dentists,  pharmacists  or  veterinarians. 
It  shall  be  unlawful  to  sell,  furnish  or  dispense  to  any  physician, 
druggist,  veterinarian  or  dentist  any  of  the  enumerated  drugs 
without  first  receiving  an  official  order  blank.  This  blank  shall  be 
retained  by  the  person  or  corporation  making  the  sale  and  shall  be 
kept  in  a  separate  file  or  book  and  an  entry  made  in  a  book, 
stating  name  and  address  of  purchaser  and  name  of  person  making 
sale.  All  physicians,  druggists,  veterinarians  and  dentists  shall 
keep  on  record  name  and  address  of  each  person  to  whom  any  of 
the  enumerated  drugs  are  administered  or  disposed  of  and  such 
record  shall  be  preserved  for  four  years  and  be  kept  open  for 
official   inspection.     Violation,  a  misdemeanor. 

Physician  prescribing  or  administering  any  of  enumerated  drugs 
to  patient  for  period  of  more  than  three  weeks  shall  consult 
physician  designated  by  board  of  health,  or  with  another  physi- 
cian, and  obtain  consent  .  .  .,  and  also  make  a  report  in 
writing  to  the  health  officer  .  .  .,  on  a  form  .  .  .  furnished 
to  all  local  boards  of  health.  Bill  makes  sale  at  retail  to  any 
person  other  than  physician,  dentist  or  veterinarian,  of  hypodermic 
syringe  or  hypodermic  needle,  without  first  receiving  an  official 
prescription  blank,  unlawful,  and  provides  for  records  of  these 
sales  that  are  made.    Violation,  a  misdemeanor. 

Any  license  issued  to  any  physician,  dentist,  veterinarian,  phar- 
macist or  registered  nurse,  may  be  revoked  upon  proof  that  licensee 
is  addicted  to  use  of  any  habit-forming  drug  or  drugs,  after  giving 
licensee  reasonable  notice  and  opportunity  to  be  heard.  Convic- 
tion of  any  of  the  violations  authorizes  officers  or  boards  having 
licensing  power  to  revoke  license  of  practitioner.  Any  violation 
of  article  constitutes  a  misdemeanor,  except  where  otherwise  pro- 
vided by  any  special  law  or  statute. 

The  Boylan  bill  was  reported  by  S.  V.  E.  Swann,  chairman 
of  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society's  legislative  committee, 
as  not  likely  to  pass.  Mr.  Swann  called  particular  attention 
at  the  last  meeting  of  the  G.A.S.  to  the  extensive  scope  of 
the  bill  and  the  provision  for  the  revocation  of  licenses. 


bichloride  of  mercury   (No.  243.   Int.  242.  Heffernan)  : 

No  pharmacist,  druggist  or  other  person  shall  sell  at  retail 
bichloride  of  mercury  except  upon  the  prescription  of  a  physician. 
If  sold  in  tablet  form,  the  tablets  shall  be  colored  blue  and  be 
triangular  in  shape. 

The  Heffernan  bill  is  in  several  respects  identical  with  the 
Blauvelt  bill.  Both  measures  require  that  mercury  bichloride 
be  sold  only  upon  a  physician's  prescription.  Both  measures, 
too,  would  regulate  the  shape  and  color  of  bichloride  tablets. 
Hearings  have  been  attended  by  representatives  of  different 
organizations  and  the  prescription  provision  strenuously  ob- 
jected to.  The  amendment  of  the  local  Health  Board  ordinance 
so  as  to  require  a  physician's  prescription  for  the  sale  of  this 
article  is  interesting  in  the  consideration  of  these  bills.  The 
Drug  Trade  Section  went  on  record  as  opposed  to  the  Blauvelt 
bill,  since  it  would  prohibit  all  transactions  between  manu- 
facturers and  wholesalers,  among  jobbers,  and  between  whole- 
salers and  retailers.  It  would  prohibit  the  dispensing  of 
bichloride  by  pharmacists  in  all  forms  except  that  specified. 
A  telegram  was  sent  to  the  Committee  on  Codes  at  Albany 
requesting  a  hearing  for  the  suggestion  of  amendments,  A  few 
of  the  objections  to  the  Blauvelt  bill,  expressed  at  the  February 
Kings  County  Ph.S.  meeting,  were  that  the  public  would  be 
required  to  go  to  a  physician  whenever  bichloride  was  to  be 
used  for  any  purpose  and  that  bichloride  in  the  specified  form 
would  not  be  adaptable  to  all  uses.  Blauvelt  bill  was  backed 
by  a  local  daily  newspaper. 


To  amend  the  penal  law,  in  relation  to  the  sale  or  possession 
of  cocaine  or  eucaine  (No.  270.  Int.  270.  Frawley)  : 

Unlicensed  possessor  of  heroin,  etc.,  shall  be  guilty  of  a 
felony,  unless  possession  is  authorized  by  certificate.  Possession 
of  heroin  by  licensed  pharmacist,  druggist,  etc.,  in  any  other  than 
place  schecluled  in  record  constitutes  a  felony,  provision  being 
made,  however,  for  quantity  required  by  physician,  dentist  and 
veterinarian  in  his  practice.  Violation,  a  felony.  Thirty  days 
after  passage  quantity  of  heroin  on  hand  must  be  recorded  in  a 
book.  If  amount  on  hand  exceeds  allowed  quantity  no  more  pur- 
chases must  be  made  until  amount  on  hand  shall  be  reduced  by 
lawful  disposition  to  an  amount  less  than  that  prescribed.  Due 
notice  in  writing  must  be  made  to  State  department  of  health. 
Violation,  a  felony.  It  shall  be  unlawful  to  have  in  any  pharmacy 
or  drug  store  more  than  one  and  one-quarter  ounces  of  heroin 
for  each  duly  registered  pharmacist  regularly  employed,  provided 
that  no  more  than  five  ounces  may  be  carried  in  stock  under  any 
conditions.  Practitioners  also  limited.  Violation,  a  felony.  A 
person  convicted  of  a  felony  for  a  violation  of  any  provision  of 
this  section  shall  be  punishable  by  imprisonment  for  not  less  than 
five  years  nor  more  than  20  years. 

The  Frawley  bill  raises  the  status  of  violation  from  mis- 
demeanor to  felony.  Kings  County  Ph.S.  representative 
pointed  out  at  Albany  that  the  minimum  imprisonment  of  five 
years  should  be  eliminated.  "Nothing  is  left  to  the  discretion 
of  the  court :  a  druggist  might  be  guilty  of  a  technicality." 


BOYLAN   BILL   NOT    DRASTIC    ENOUGH. 


To   amend   the    penal    law,   in   relation   to   public   traffic   on 
Sunday  (No.  204.  Int.  204.  Wheeler) : 
Concurrent  with  Assembly  bill  No.  59. 
To  amend  the  public  health  law,  in  relation  to  the  sale  of 


Albany,  Feb.  25. — -M  a  hearing  today  before  the  Senate 
Public  Health  Committee,  several  speakers  pointed  out  that 
the  Boylan  bill  in  its  present  form  will  overthrow  much  of  the 
good  which  was  done  by  the  anti-cocaine  law  passed  last  year. 
A  section  should  be  added  making  possession  of  the  drug  a 
crime,  and  the  scope  of  the  bill  should  be  enlarged  to  include 
all  habit-forming  drugs.  Howard  C.  Barber,  of  the  Society 
for  Prevention  of  Crime,  made  some  startling  revelations  of 
the  extent  to  which  harmful  drugs  are  now  being  used  by 
school  children  in  New  York  City.  Other  speakers  were  R.  K. 
Smither,  of  the  Erie  County  Pharmaceutical  Association; 
J.  G.  Wischerth,  of  the  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical  Society; 
.Arthur  L.  Wardle  and  William  T.  McConnell. 

As  a  tangible  result  of  the  new  anti-drug  movement  fostered 
and  supported  by  Mrs.  W.  K.  Vanderbilt,  a  committee  of  five 
has  been  appointed  to  draft  a  new  anti-narcotic  law  for  New 
York  State.  The  committee,  consisting  of  Judge  Edward 
Swann,  Ernest  K.  Coulter,  Mrs.  Vanderbilt's  attorney;  J.  P. 
.\tkinson,  a  chemist  of  the  Board  of  Health;  Dr.  Robert  .\. 
Hatcher,  of  Cornell,  and  Floyd  M.  Wilmot,  assistant  district 
attorney,  recently  went  to  Albany  to  protest  against  certain 
provisions  of  the  Boylan  bill.  The  crusade  was  organized  on 
Jan.  30,  at  a  meeting  held  in  Judge  Swann's  chambers,  which 
was  largely  attended  by  attorneys,  representatives  of  the  drug 
and  medical  interests,  and  many  social  workers.  Great  em- 
phasis was  laid  on  the  fact  that  local  or  State  regulations  are 
of  little  avail,  and  many  strongly  endorsed  the  speedy  pa.ssage 
of  the  Harrison  bill  as  the  best  remedy  for  the  present. 


March,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


137 


DRUG  STORE  FOR  WELL  PEOPLE. 


The  Wilmarth  Show  Case  Co.,  1552  Jefferson  avenue,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.,  have  done  something  new — they  have  gotten 
out  a  booklet  with  a  punch  in  it,  a  business-builder,  filled  with 
horse-sense,  beautifully  printed,  on  colored  stock.  Taking  as  its 
text   the   advice   "Cater   to    the   Well — the   Sick   Will    Come   to 


most  complete.  The  two-page  advertisement  on  Royal  Purple 
in  this  issue  gives  some  idea  of  the  new  factory  and  the 
extreme  care  that  is  exercised  in  the  manufacture  of  this 
beverage  from  the  time  the  grapes  are  gathered  until  the 
juice  is  bottled.  The  Royal  Purple  Pages,  which  form  part 
of  the  window  trim,  are  unique  and  attractive  and  will  do 
much  toward  advertising  and  increasing  sales.  In  our  adver- 
tising pages  next  month  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.  will  an- 
nounce a  new  sundae  they  have  just  perfected,  the  best,  they 
claim,  of  all  their  leaders. 


You,"  the  booklut  Ucals  of  the  old-fashioned  druggist,  the  place 
of  confidence  in  business,  the  ideal  drug  store,  problems  for  the 
drug-store  designer,  soda-water  department,  selling  tobacco  and 
cigars,  etc.,  etc.,  from  the  viewpoint  of  the  successful  business 
man  and  not  alone  from  that  of  a  specialty  manufacturer.  Of 
course,  the  Wilmarth  company  are  in  business  to  sell  show 
cases  and  fixtures,  and  the  reader  of  this  booklet  is  not  allowed 
to  forget  it — but  this  fact  is  not  thrust  into  the  face  of  the 
reader  in  every  paragraph.  Take  this  extract  from  the  chapter 
on  cigars  and  tobacco,  for  instance;  is  this  not  the  epitome  of 
the  retail  tobacco  business? 

"To  build  up  a  profitable  cigar  trade  you  must,  1st:  Keep 
your  stock  in  prime  condition ;  2d :  Display  it  most  attractively. 
A  cigar  is  like  a  human — 'Delightful'  in  life  but  only  'substance' 
in  death.  The  process  that  kills  it  from  thirst,  or  the  process 
that  drowns  it  takes  all  the  good  it  contains,  and  leaves  only 
a  mass  of  inflammable  material,  or  a  water-clogged  bunch  of 
weeds.  The  delicate  aroma  has  fled.  No  process  can  restore 
it.  It  cannot  be  denied  that  the  average  druggist  does  not  give 
the  attention  that  he  should  to  the  care  of  his  cigars.  He  fails 
to  maintain  cigars  and  tobacco  at  their  highest  'smoke  value.' 
From  the  time  the  seed  is  planted  the  tobacco  weed  receives 
the  most  painstaking  care  and  attention  from  the  planter,  the 
warehouseman  and  the  manufacturer.  The  growing  and  hand- 
ling of  the  plant  is  most  scientifically  done.  The  utmost  vigi- 
lance is  used  to  keep  the  temperature  and  the  humidity  just 
right,  with  the  result  that  the  goods  leave  the  manufacturers' 
hands  in  as  perfect  condition  as  human  skill  can  attain.  Then 
the  retailer  too  often  carelessly  throws  away  the  value  of  the 
stock  by  his  methods  and  handling.  The  values  carefully  stored 
up  in  the  leaf  through  the  long  months  of  its  preparation  may 
be  destroyed  over  night.  The  form  remains  but  the  delicate 
flavor  is  gone.  For  the  particular  customer  the  dealer  will 
open  a  fresh  box.  Both  know  that  the  fresh  box  does  actually 
furnish  better  cigars.  To  so  conserve  'smoke  value'  that  the 
last  cigar  in  the  box  will  be  as  good  as  the  first  is  the  reason 
for  Wilmarth  cigar  fixtures."  Why  not  send  for  a  copy  of  the 
booklet,  and  read  the  rest  of  this? 


Royal    Purple    Grape    Juice,    J.H.S. 

The  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.  are  meeting  with  great  suc- 
cess in  the  sale  of  their  Royal  Purple  Grape  Juice.  It  is 
distinctively  a  quality  beverage  and  is  being  adopted  by 
dealers  who  want  the  best.  The  discounts  offered  on  Royal 
Purple  are  unusually   liberal  and  the   1914  advertising  offer   is 


A   Show    Oase    That    Sells    Goods. 

We  are  illustrating  herewith  a  silent  salesman  show  case 
which  is  given  free  to  dealers  ordering  a  specified  assortment 
of  strings  for  musical  instruments  from  Buegeleisen  and 
Jacobson,    of    New    York    City.      This    outfit    yields    a    return 


of  more  than  $36  on  an  investment  of  a  little  more  than  $10, 
and  a  handsome  profit.  The  show  case  sells  the  goods  if 
adequately  displayed.  For  further  details  see  advertisement 
in   this  issue. 


Intestifermiii   Tablets. 

Intestifermin,  recommended  for  the  treatment  of  intestinal 
auto-intoxication,  according  to  the  manufacturers,  is  a  com- 
bination of  the  new  bacterium  Glyco-Bakter,  Peptolyticus  dis- 
covered by  Professor  Metchnikoff,  and 
the  bacteria  of  Yoghurt,  and  is  claimed 
to  be  the  preparation  that  contains  the 
two  necessary  bacilli  in  pure  and  active 
form  for  introduction  into  the  intestinal 
tubes  for  the  elimination  of  pathological 
bacilli  and  noxious  secretions  which  are 
being  constantly  formed  in  our  bodies 
and  tend  to  develop  those  diseases  known 
under  the  general  name  of  "auto-intoxi- 
cation." Intestifermin  is  put  up  in 
tablet  form  in  bottles  only,  by  the  Hygiene-Laboratorium, 
G.m.b.H.,  Berlin,  the  sole  agent  for  the  U.S.  and  Canada 
being  The  Berlin  Laboratory,  Ltd.,  this  city,  to  which  re- 
quests for  pamphlet  by  Dr.  de  Souza,  of  Dresden,  on  "Intesti- 
nal Auto-Intoxication,  Its  Causes  and  Its  Prevention,"  and 
other  literature  relating  to  this  interesting  subject  should  be 
sent. 


Immunization  by  Means  of  Serobacterins. 

According  to  trustworthy  reports  of  bacteriologists  and  clini- 
cians, Serobacterins  are  destined  in  a  great  measure  to  supplant 
other  means  of  immunizing  against  and  treatment  of  many 
infectious  diseases.  By  their  use,  it  is  claimed,  there  is  se- 
cured a  great  gain  in  time  over  the  older  methods  of  bacterial 
therapy,    and    whether    in    prevention    or    treatment,    the    time 


138 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


factor  is  of  the  utmost  value.  In  a  few  days,  for  instance,  by 
typho-serobacterin,  the  practitioner  may  now  secure  for  his 
patient  immunity  against  typhoid,  where  with  the  old  typhoid 
vaccine  the  treatment  for  immunization  took  nearly  a  month. 
Of  course,  great  care  is  advisable  in  the  selection  of  a  sen- 
sitized \-accine  or  serobaclerin,  and  for  this  reason  only  the 
product  of  the  manufacturer  of  highest  professional  character 
should  be  chosen.  The  Serohacterins  of  the  Mulford  Labora- 
tories comply  with  all  these  requirements,  and  to  post  them- 
selves, druggists  should  send  to  the  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.,  Phila- 
delphia, for  a  copy  of  the  Mutford  Digest  for  December, 
which  contains  a  complete  review  of  the  literature  of  this 
interesting  subject.  This  copy  should  be  read  and  then  kept 
on  file  for  future  reference. 


LiUy  Bichloride  Tablets  Pioneers. 
Xo  one  is  more  eager  to  safeguard  the  public  in  the  sale  of 
bichloride   tablets  than   the  average   fair-minded  druggist   and 
the  imposition  of  so  many  restrictions  and  regulations  makes  it 

hard     to    comply    with    the    law 
H^^^B  in    all    of    its    phases    and    con- 

|H^^r  tinue  to  do  business.     Since  Eli 

■  H^^l  Lilly  &  Co.  introduced  Diamond 

J  *'^BL  .Antiseptics   several    other   manu- 

^  ^K_^^^^^^ifc>  facturers  have  offered   bichloride 

of  mercury  tablets  of  special  de- 
sign supplied  in  special  contain- 
ers, so  that  now  if  legislation  of 
any  kind  is  needed  all  that  should 
be  done  is  to  prohibit  the  sale  of 
bichloride  of  mercury  in  the  shape 
of  the  ordinary  round  or  cylin- 
drical medicinal  tablet.  Nine 
years  ago  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.  placed 
in  the  market  Diamond  Anti- 
septics. Every  reasonable  pre- 
caution was  exercised.  The  tab- 
lets were  of  unique  shape,  the  bottle  had  rough  edges  and 
a  diamond  shape.  Each  tablet  was  marked  poison  on  both 
sides.  These  tablets  were  pioneer  safeguards  against  the 
accidental   misuse  of  bichloride  of  mercury. 


New   Size   Fackagre   of   Piatt's   Chlorides. 

To  meet  the  constant  demand  for  a  smaller  and  more  con- 
venient package  of  Piatt's  Chlorides,  the 
manufacturers  are  now  putting  up  this 
odorless  disinfectant  in  small  and  large 
size  bottles.  The  new  size  is  very  con- 
venient and  will  be  advertised  exten- 
sively for  general  household  use.  A  spe- 
cial introductory  offer  is  being  made  by 
the  manufacturer,  Henry  B.  Piatt,  by 
which  in  consideration  of  display  and 
distribution  of  advertising  material  to 
be  sent  direct  by  the  maker,  the  retailer 
will  receive  a  number  of  the  new  small 
size  bottles  free.  Piatt's  Chlorides  have 
been  used  by  the  medical  profession  and 
in  the  hospitals  for  34  years,  and  are  in 
steady  demand.  See  the  advertisement 
for  details  of  new  window  display  contest. 


Rubber  Sundries  and  Surgical  Specialties. 
The  Lee  Tire  &  Rubber  Co.,  of  Conshohocken,  Pa.,  manu- 
facturers of  rubber  goods  for  the  trade,  are  calling  special 
attention  in  their  advertisement  in  this  issue  to  their  facilities 
for  turning  out  products  of  the  highest  quality  and  durability, 
•due  to  the  efficiency  of  their  manufacturing  department  and 
the  use  of  material  used.  This  company  makes  a  specialty  of 
"own  make"  goods,  and  will  furnish  any  druggist  with  high- 
-class  rubber  products  and  sundries  of  every  description  with 
the  druggist's  name  on  the  medallion.  Trusses  and  elastic 
hosiery,  the  latter  knitted  for  form,  and  made  in  special  sizes 
-on  request,  are  also  part  of  the  Lee  line ;  a  postcard  request 
"will  bring  a  catalogue,  and  further  information  and  prices 
will  be  sent  gladly  to  any  one  mentioning  the  Era  when 
writing. 


taste,  "look  like,  taste  like  and  smell  like  any  other  chocolate" — 
a  great  advantage  in  pushing  their  sales  for  children.  The 
part  the  cliildren  play  in  creating  a  demand  for  this  new 
candy  cathartic  is  emphasized  in  the  new  cut-out  of  the 
Therapeutic  Specialty  Co.,  which  is  printed  in  four  colors,  in 
handsome  combination  of  gold,  brown,  red  and  black.  The 
principal  figures  on  the  cut-out  are  a  dainty  little  miss  who 
is  holding  out  a  NiUy-Nibbs  to  a  baby  whose  arms  are  out- 
stretched. The  little  girl  is  saying ;  "You'll  like  it,  too," 
and  baby  looks  as  if  she  would.  Xo  youngster  who  sees  the 
cut-out  could  resist  the  appeal — and  the  mothers  among  drug- 
store patrons  will  also  be  attracted  by  this  clever  advertise- 
ment of  the  "chocolate  creams  with  the  castor  oil  hidden  in 
them." 


A  Story  of  iither. 
"The  Purest  Ether,  the  Best  Container,"  is  a  figure  of  speech 
you  see  in  the  leading  pharmaceutical  and  medical  journals. 
It  refers  to  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.'s  ether  for  anesthesia  and  the 
dropper  container  which  somebody  has  called  an  inspiration. 
Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  decided  to  market  the  anesthetic  a  number 
of  years  ago.  The  anesthetic  itself  is  said  to  have  taken  more 
than  a  year  of  time  and  numberless  experiments  to  insure  the 
requisite  degree  of  purity.  There  still  remained  the  problem 
of  "the  perfectly  satisfactory  container,"  and  this  resolved  itself 
into  the  loss  of  another  year  of  time.  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.'s 
ether  can  enables  the  physician  to  administer  the  anesthetic  by 
the  drop  method.  It  obviates  the  use  of  special  apparatus — 
wicks,  notched  corks,  dropping-tubes  and  other  devices,  and  is 
a  hermetically  sealed  package. 


A  10-Cent  Size  of  Major's  Cement. 
The  Major's  Cement  people  have  been  putting  up  a  10-cent 
size  for  some  months.  Occasionally  there  is  a  customer  who 
only  wants  a  little  of  it  to  mend  one  or  two  articles,  so  for 
that  reason  it  is  good  business  for  the  dealers  to  handle  the 
10-cent  size  as  well  as  the  15-cent  size,  and  place  an  order  for 
a  small  quantity  with  their  jobber.  The  display  box  is  a  great 
success.  It  helps  to  remind  the  people  of  the  broken  articles 
they  have  at  home  and  in  that  way  it  helps  to  dispose  of  the 
goods.  The  Major  Mfg.  Co.  offer  to  refund  the  money  you 
paid  for  the  cement  if  any  of  it  is  left  on  hand  after  a  reason- 
able time,  so  in  that  way  the  retailer  is  perfectly  safe  to  order 
a  dozen  of  each  size,   10  cents  and  15  cents. 


Coffee  as  a  Drug  Store  Specialty. 
There  are  a  number  of  drug  stores  which  are  making  money 
and  building  an  exclusive  clientele  by  handling  a  fine  line 
of  coffee  and  teas.  Thousands  of  pounds  are  sold  by  New 
York  drug  firms  every  year,  with  resulting  satisfaction  to 
customers  and  to  the  store  management.  The  E.  R.  West 
Coffee  Co.,  with  branches  in  New  York,  Chicago  and  St. 
Louis,  is  advertising  a  special  line  of  full-flavored,  high-grade 
coffee,  packed  in  the  whole  bean,  ground,  pulverized  or  as- 
sorted, at  prices  which  will  interest  any  druggist  who  sees  the 
possibilities  of  this  side  line  but  who  is  looking  for  a  high- 
class,   dependable  product. 


Profit-making  Fixtures. 
Jac.  Lederer,  Inc.,  Chicago,  manufacturers  of  Peerless  fix- 
tures and  fountains,  are  seeking  converts — they  are  anxious  to 
convince  druggists  of  the  profit-making  possibilities  in  modem 
fixtures,  and  will  gladly  answer  any  requests  for  further  in- 
formation along  this  line.  The  possibilities  which  lie  in 
proper  display  of  merchandise  have  only  just  begun  to  be 
realized — the  big  rjiain  stores  were  among  the  first  to  grasp 
the  real  possibilities  of  the  idea — and  in  the  Middle  West  the 
Lederer  line  has  proved  most  effective  and  satisfactory.  For 
further  details  see  their  advertisement  in  this  issue. 


Selling    Nifty-Nibbs. 
X'ifty-Nibbs,    the   candy   castor   oil,    without   the   castor   oil 


March    Winds    Bring    Freckles. 

Now  is  the  time  to  feature  a  freckle-remover — something  that 
is  efficacious,  that  will  not  injure  the  skin,  that  will  sell  and 
sell  again,  at  a  good  profit.  With  the  advent  of  March  winds 
sensitive  skins  begin  to  freckle,  and  possessors  of  sensitive  skins 
are  usually  sensitive  about  freckles.  Why  not  couple  the 
weather  conditions  and  seasonable  specialty?  That's  the  way 
to  get  the  public  coming  to  you.  When  you  consider  a  freckle 
cream,  you  naturally  think  of  Stillman's.  See  the  advertise- 
ment of  the  Stillman  Freckle  Cream  Co.  in  this  issue. 


JVIarch,  1914] 


THE    PHAEMACEUTICAL    ERA 


139 


An  Electric  Sign  on  Free  Trial. 
Nothing  could  be  more  fair  than  the  offer  made  by  the 
Reflecto  Electric  Sign  Co.,  of  Indianapolis,  in  their  advertise- 
ment in  this  issue.  This  company  makes  electric  signs  of 
■every  description,  which  are  sold,  rented  or  leased  by  arrange- 
ment, and  are  calling  attention  to  an  all-steel,  double-faced 
■sign,  2  by  7  feet,  with  hangers  and  flasher  which  they  will 
ship  to  any  point  in  the  United  States,  satisfaction  guaranteed, 
•or  return  at  the  company's  expense.  See  the  advertisement  for 
further  details  as  to  price,  number  of  lamps,  etc.,  and  be  sure 
ito   mention   the   Er,\   when  writing. 


Sodium  Acid  Phospliate  Monobasic. 

This  is  a  new  compound,  brought  to  the  attention  of  the 
medical  profession  through  the  New  and  Nonofticial  Remedies. 
It  has  the  chemical  formula  NaHjP04H:0,  and  is  said  to  be 
very  effective  in  rendering  the  urine  acid,  a  desirable  condition 
in  connection  with  the  use  of  hexamethylenamine.  It  is  given 
in  doses  of  from  1  to  1J4  grams  frequently  repeated,  until  the 
desired  effects  are  produced.  The  Mallinckrodt  Chemical_ 
Works  have  already  placed  the  article  on  the  market,  and 
druggists  desiring  it  can  order  the  "M.C.W."  brand  through 
■their  wholesale  druggists. 


Th.e  Lancaster  Glass  Co. 
The  Lancaster  Glass  Co.,  Lancaster,  Ohio,  are  makers  of 
•glassware — good  glassware,  plain  and  decorated.  They  are 
making  a  specialty  of  high-class,  artistically-designed  glass- 
ware for  the  soda  fountain,  and  readers  of  the  Era  who  are 
interested  are  requested  to  write  for  special  wholesale  drug- 
gists' catalogue,  mentioning  the  Era  when  so  doing. 


Indexed  Pocket  State  Maps. 
The  Rand,  McNally  line  of  indexed  pocket  State  maps  and 
shippers'  guides,  which  locate  all  cities,  towns,  post-offices, 
■etc.,  etc.,  have  been  found  ready  sellers  by  druggists  who  carry 
books,  stationery  and  periodicals.  The  new  edition  for  1914  is 
now  ready,  and  can  be  ordered  by  any  druggist  through  his 
jobber. 


i     FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


The  H.  &  J.  Brewer  Co.,  of  Springfield,  Mass.,  and 
Waterbury,  Conn.,  have  been  petitioned  into  bankruptcy.  The 
difficulty,  it  is  stated,  is  due  to  the  fact  that  the  Waterbury 
stores  had  not  been  operated  at  a  profit  until  recently.  It  is 
understood  that  all  the  claimants  will  be  satisfied.  The  H.  & 
J.  Brewer  Co.  is  one  of  the  oldest  and  best-known  drug  com- 
panies in  Western  Massachusetts,  and  was  established  by  D. 
'Chauncey  Brewer  on  the  site  of  the  present  Springfield  store 
in  1819.  He  conducted  the  business  along  for  six  years  and 
then  took  his  nephew,  Henry  Brewer,  into  the  firm,  the  store 
then  being  conducted  under  the  name  of  D.  C.  &  H.  Brewer. 
In  1832  another  nephew,  James,  was  taken  into  the  business, 
and  shortly  after  that,  on  the  death  of  the  founder  of  the  firm, 
the  name  was  changed  to  H.  &  J.  Brewer,  which  has  been 
■retained  to  the  present.  In  1907  the  company  was  incorporated 
under  the  name  of  the  H.  &  J.  Brewer  Company.  E.  O. 
Hapgood  is  the  president  and  S.  S.  Pease  is  the  treasurer. 
Although  it  was  established  as  a  retail  store,  a  wholesale  busi- 
ness was  begun  early  in  the  history  of  the  firm  and  has  as- 
sumed so  large  proportions  that  it  has  separate  quarters.  A 
new  building  at  404  Dwight  street  for  the  wholesale  department 
was  occupied  in  the  Spring  of  1911.  The  offices  of  the  com- 
pany are  also  located  there.  The  original  building  in  which 
D.  Chauncey  Brewer  established  his  apothecary  shop  on  Main 
street  was  burned  in  1844.  The  building  erected  on  its  site  is 
still  occupied  by  the  retail  store. 

A  Quarter  of  a  Century  With  Parke,  Davis  &  Co — 
On  Jan.  31,  John  C.  Spratt  celebrated  his  25th  anniversary  in 
the  service  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  by  giving  a  dinner  to  the 
officers  and  principal  executives  of  the  house  at  the  Detroit 
Club.  Mr.  Spratt  entered  the  employ  of  the  company  on  Feb. 
4,  1889,  as  order  clerk.  Thanks  to  a  thorough  knowledge  of 
the  drug  business  acquired  through  15  years  of  practical  ex- 
perience in  the  retail  trade,  a  genius  for  work  and  a  capacity 
for  administrative  responsibilities,  he  rose  rapidly  from  one 
iposition  to  another  until    (in   18941   he  assumed  the   important 


duties  of  manager  of  the  traveling  service  and  general  business 
departments.  Few  men  are  better  known  to  the  drug  trade  of 
the  country.  The  anniversary  dinner  was  a  particularly  happy 
affair.  Speeches  were  made  by  Frank  G.  Ryan,  president  of 
the  company;  George  Hargreaves,  treasurer;  O.  W.  Smith, 
manager  of  the  New  York  branch ;  William  F.  Whelan,  man- 
ager of  the  Buffalo  office,  and  James  E.  Bartlett,  Harry  L. 
Russell,  John  M.  Francis  and  James  Wilkie,  of  the  Detroit 
laboratories.  Joseph  Helfman  was  toastmaster.  Mr.  Spratt 
was  the  recipient  of  a  handsome  chest  of  flat  silverware,  a 
gift  from  the  assembled  guests,  the  presentation  speech  being 
made  by  Harry  Skillman.  Two  beautiful  gold-headed  canes 
were  also  presented  to  him — one  from  Sydney  H.  Carragan,  of 
the  New  York  staff,  the  other  from  the  representatives  of  the 
Buffalo  depot. 

Parke,   Davis   &   Co.'s  Annual   Meeting The   annual 

meeting  of  the  stockholders  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  was  held  in 
Detroit  and  was  followed  in  the  evening  by  a  dinner  given 
by  President  Ryan  at  the  Pontchartrain  Hotel.  Subsequently 
the  company's  branch  managers  conducted  a  four-days'  business 
session  at  the  laboratories,  discussing  various  questions  of  trade 
policy  and  propaganda  for  the  further  development  of  the 
business,  the  following-named  being  in  attendance :  O.  W. 
Smith,  New  York ;  G.  L.  Genz,  Chicago ;  B.  A.  Parsons, 
Kansas  City;  S.  G.  Steiner,  New  Orleans;  J.  E.  Bond,  Balti- 
more; C.  L.  Kerr,  Minneapolis;  W.  F.  Whelan,  Buffalo; 
Joseph  Litster,  Pittsburgh.  The  consensus  of  opinion  among 
these  managers  was  that  business  conditions  and  prospects 
had  improved  notably  in  the  60  days  immediately  preceding 
the  meeting,  and  that  there  is  every  reason  to  look  forward  to 
the  coming  year  as  the  most  prosperous  in  the  company's 
history. 

The  American  Druggists'  Fire  Insurance  Oo.  directors 
at  a  meeting  held  in  Cincinnati  Feb.  11,  re-elected  the  follow- 
ing officers :  President,  Charles  H.  Avery,  Chicago ;  vice- 
president,  L.  G.  Heinritz,  Holyoke,  Mass.;  treasurer,  George 
Kauffman,  Columbus,  Ohio;  secretary,  Frank  H.  Freericks, 
Cincinnati.  An  increase  of  business  of  25  per  cent,  for  the 
year  was  shown,  and  a  9  per  cent,  dividend  declared.  The 
other  newly-elected  directors  are:  James  H.  Beal,  Scio,  Ohio; 
Walter  Rothewell,  Hatzboro,  Pa. ;  Louis  C.  Hopp,  Cleveland, 
Ohio;  N.  S.  Kahn,  Baltimore,  Md.;  W.  S.  Elkins,  Jr.,  Atlanta, 
Ga.;  E.  B.  Heimstreet,  Palmyra,  Wis.;  George  O.  Young, 
Buchanan,  W.  Va.;  Dr.  A.  O.  Zwick,  Cincinnati,  and  Dr. 
W.  C.  .\nderson,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

The  Yahr  &  Lange  Drug  Co.,  the  well-known  wholesale 
drug  house  of  Milwaukee,  which  has  purchased  the  six-story 
building,  now  occupied  by  the  Bradley  &  Metcalf  Co.,  at  the 
corner  of  East  Water  and  Chicago  streets,  will  begin  remodel- 
ing tfie  structure  immediately  after  the  present  lease  expires  on 
June  1.  A  month  will  be  spent  in  transforming  the  interior 
of  the  building  into  a  modern  wholesale  drug  house,  and  the 
company  e.xpects  to  occupy  its  new  home  by  Aug.  1.  The 
building  is  100x125  feet  in  dimensions  and  will  be  especially 
adapted  for  use  by  a   wholesale  drug  business. 

The  American  Druggists'  Syndicate  has  purchased  the 
eight-story  brick  loft  building  in  Long  Island  City,  which  it 
has  been  largely  occupying,  and  upon  which  it  has  held  an 
option.  The  building  has  a  depth  of  180  feet  and  a  frontage 
of  175  feet.  The  sale  included  the  boilers  and  shafting  and 
other  machinery  and  equipment,  and  was  made  subject  to  two 
mortgages  aggregating  $150,000. 

John  Wyeth  &  Brother,  Inc.,  of  Philadelphia,  announce 
that  their  Minnesota  branch,  formerly  in  charge  of  J.  H. 
Marvil,  who  was  also  in  charge  of  the  Chicago  branch,  but 
who  died  in  the  early  Winter,  is  now  under  the  direct  super- 
vision of  the  home  office,  the  address,  as  before,  being  223 
East  Fourth  street,  St.  Paul,  Minn. 

The  Miller-Jones  Drug  Co.,  the  largest  and  most  pro- 
gressive drug  company  in  Southern  Colorado,  has  purchased 
another  store,  the  Depot  store  at  B  street  and  South  Union 
avenue,  Pueblo.  The  Miller-Jones  Co.  is  incorporated  for 
$50,000;  J.  C.  Miller  is  president,  and  Walter  A.  Jones,  sec- 
retary and  treasurer. 

The  Tlnited  Supply  Syndicate  of  America,  of  Phila- 
delphia, has  been  incorporated  with  $150,000  capital  to  manu- 
facture and  deal  in  drugs  and  chemicals. 

The  Grimes-Mills  Drug  Co.,  of  Winston-Salem,  N.  C, 
has  been   incorporated   with  $10,000  capital. 


140 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


PATENTS  AMD  TRAD 


DIAPHANOUS   CAPSITLE. 


MARTIN  H.  SMITH,  New  York,  is  the  inventor  of  the 
ciipsule  reproduced  in  the  above  illustration  (Patent  No. 
1,0S7,843).  As  described  in  the  specifications,  the  in- 
vention is  a  capsule  of  a  diaphanous  material  filled  with  a 
liquid  medicine  and  provided  at  its  inner  face  with  a  raised 
identification   mark   of   the   same   diaphanous   material   as  the 


25^\^f^^^322JS 


1,087,843. 


1,086,995. 


capsule,  and  integral  therewith,  the  capsule  and  the  liquid 
medicine  having  approximately  the  same  index  of  refraction  to 
render  the  said  identification  mark  particularly  undiscernible 
from  the  outside. 


Poison  Bottle. 
This  device  is  the  invention  of  William  Chapman,  Mesaba, 
^linn.,  and  consists  of  a  poison  bottle  having  its  neck  provided 
with  an  annular  flange  having  diametrically  disposed  vertical 
grooves,  a  stopper  removably  fitting  in  the  neck  and  provided 
with  an  upper  annular  flange  co-extensive  with  the  flange  of 
the  neck,  said  stopper  having  a  vertical  bore,  a  locking  mem- 
ber removably  mounted  on  the  stopper  and  provided  with 
depending  vertical  lugs  which  are  insertible  through  the  groove 
in  the  flange  of  the  neck,  the  stopper  being  mounted  for  rotation 
in  the  neck  whereby  to  permit  the  lugs  of  said  member  to  engage 
against  the  flange  of  the  neck.  A  spring  carried  by  the  mem- 
ber and  extending  through  the  bore  of  the  stopper  exerts  its 
tens'on  against  and  ejects  the  member  when  the  lugs  are 
alined  with  the  grooves.  The  bottle  is  shown  in  the  above 
illustration   (Patent  No.  1,086,995). 


PATENTS. 


Granted  January   20,    1914. 

1,084,609 — Alexander  M.    Clark,   Pittsburgh,   Pa.     Liquid   container. 
1,084,704— William   F.    McKay.    Newark,   N.   J.     Non-refillable   bottle. 
1,084.826— Linford   S.    Stiles,    Brooklyn,   N.   Y,     Non-refillable   bottle. 
1,084.840— Jean    M.    A.    Brun,    Salles,    and   Gaston    M.    Dauris,    Mios, 

France.     Pot  for  collecting  resin. 
1,084,927— Cornelius     P.     Carroll,     Columbia,     La.       Dispensing     and 

measuring  apparatus. 
1,084,944 — William   R.    Leonard,   Cincinnati,   Ohio.     Liquid  container. 
1,084,965— Perley   H.    Roberts,    Rochester,   N.   H.     Toothbrush  holder. 


Granted  January   27,    1914. 

1,085.251 — Frank  Gade,  Fredsville,  Iowa.,  assignor  of  one-half  to 
Andrew  M.  Hansen,  Cedar  Falls,  Iowa.     Bottle. 

1,085,295 — Charles  G.  Patterson,  assignor  by  mesne  assignments,  to 
The  National  Advertograph  Company,  Limited,  Toronto,  Canada. 
Automatic   label   printer. 

1,085.378 — James  W.  Chapman,  assignor  to  Manning,  Bowman  & 
Company,   Meriden,   Conn.      Percolating  device. 

1,085,380— Walter  S.  Downham,  Wheatley,  Ontario,  Canada,  as- 
signor of  one-sixth  to  Adam  T.  Bell  and  one-sixth  to  Michael 
Steele.    Travistock.    Ontario,    Canada.     Whey    emulsion. 

1.085,404 — Charles  W.   Corey,   Maiden,   Mass.     Liquid   server. 

1,085.416 — Walter  P.  Harper,  assignor  of  one-half  to  The  Castona 
Improved  Process  Co.,  Laine,  Miss.  Process  of  extracting  prod- 
ucts from  wood. 

1.085.560— Patrick    Flynn,    Big   Creek,   Cal.     Bottle    indicator. 

1,085,582 — Raymond  Fritz,  afsignor  of  one-half  to  Eugen  Seydel, 
Trenton,   N.  J.     Non-refillable  bottle. 


Granted  February  3,  1914. 

1,085.622— AchiUe  Martel  and  Joseph  A.  Thibault,  Fraserville,  Que- 
bec, Canada.     Non-refillable  bottle. 

1. 085. 626 — Edward  W.   Mueller,   Bensenville,  111.     Funnel. 

1,085.789— Edgar  C.  Bennett,  assignor  of  one-half  to  Oscar  E.  Jones, 
Dayton,  Ohio.     Fluid  dispensing  apparatus. 

1,085.875— Frederick  Pope,  New  York.  N.  Y.,  and  George  M.  Pope, 
Mount  Pleasant,  Ga. ;  said  George  M.  Pope,  assignor  to  Ella  M. 
Pope,  Boston,  Mass.;  said  Frederick  Pope,  assignor  to  Southern 
Manufacturing  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  Method  of  distilling 
wood. 

1,085.899— Homer  O.  Fisher,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  assignor  to  Rice  and 
Adams,   a  Copartnership,   Buffalo,  N.   Y.     Bottle   filler. 

1.086,006— David  Weiss.  Cleveland.  Ohio.     Toothbrush. 

1,086.149— Alois  Low,  Vienna,  Austria-Hungary,  and  Ernst  Fischer, 
Charlottenburg,  Germany.  Process  for  the  manufacture  of  glue, 
gelatin  and   the  like. 

1,08 -,193 — Prosper  J.  Maignen,  Philadelphia,  Pa.     Antiseptic. 

1,086,294 — Fridolin  Hefti,  assignor  to  Farbenfabriken  vorm.  Friedr. 
Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld,  Germany.     Bromodiethylacetylisocyanate. 

1,086,313 — Samuel  C.  Bond,  assignor  to  Bond  Bottle  Sealing  Com- 
pany,   Wilmington,    Del.      Unstoppering    machine. 

1,086,324 — Charles  H.  Hammond,  assignor  of  one-half  to  John  S. 
Markoe,  Baltimore,   Md.     Non-refillable  bottle. 

1,086,339 — Prosper  J.    A.    Maignen,    Philadelphia,    Pa.     Antiseptic. 


Granted  February  10,  1914. 

1,086,360— Denis  A.  Flavell,  Jersey  City,  N.  J.  Weighing  and  filling 
machine. 

1,086,372— William  J.  Knox,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  assignor,  by  direct 
and  mesne  assignments,  to  Knox  Terpezone  Company  of  Amer- 
ica.    Pinene  ozonide. 

1,086,373 — William  J.  Knox,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  assignor  by  direct 
and  mesne  assignments,  to  Knox  Terpezone  Company  of  Amer- 
ica.    Cinnamic   aldehyde   ozonide. 

1,086.381 — Walter  E.  Masland,  assignor  to  E.  I.  du  Pont  de  Nemours 
Powder  Company,  Wilmington,  Del.  Preparation  of  alcohol  from 
chlorhydrocarbons. 

1,086,392 — Edmund  Morris,  assignor  to  Wilmarth  Show  Case  Com- 
pany, Grand  Rapids,  Mich.     Glass  locking  device  for  show  cases. 

1,086,509 — Daniel  L.  Chandler,  Ayer,  Mass.  Process  of  manufactur- 
ing  toothbrushes   and   bristle-holders   therefor. 

l,086,541~Arthur  C.   Lailer,   South   Portland,    Me.     Bottle   holder. 

1,086,645 — James    J.    Charvat.    Chicago,    111.      Stopper    extractor. 

1,086,724— Gustave  O.  Matter,  assignor  to  John  W.  Mackay,  Port- 
land, Ore.     Poison  bottle  indicator. 

1,086,881 — Clemens  Zollner,  assignor  to  Chemische  Fabrik  auf  Actien 
(vorm.  E.  Schering),  Berlin,  Germany.  Glycol ic  acid  esters  of 
2-phenylquinolin-4-carboxylic  acid. 

1,086,976 — Morris  Abramovitz,  Baltimore,  Md.  Gravity  and  syringe 
apparatus  for  intravenous   injection  of  drugs. 

1,086,995 — William   Chapman,   Mesaba.  Minn.     Poison   bottle. 

1,087,043— John    Nathan,    Coutolene,    Cal.      Non-refillable    bottle. 

1,087.060 — James   Gil  son,   Providence,    R.    I.      Disinfectant   device. 

1,087,095 — Samuel  C.  Bond,  assignor  to  Bond  Bottle  Sealing  Co., 
Wilmington,  Del.    Method  for  the  manufacture  of  bottle  closures. 


Granted  February  17,  1914. 

1.087.122— Isaac    D.    Kellet,   New   York,   N.    Y.     Non-refillable   bottle. 

1,087.145 — Walter  Schoeller  and  Walther  Schrauth.  assignor  to 
Farbenfabriken  vorm.  Friedr.  Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld,  Germany. 
Preservative  coating  composition. 

1,087,239— John  G.  Hume,  Duns,  Scotland.  Means  for  use  in  chemi- 
cal  analysis. 

1,087,267— Roy  Lee  LeWright,  New  Duluth,  Minn.  Non-refillable 
bottle. 

i,087.271~Emerson   A.   Bolen,   Morris,  111.     Fluid-discharging  device. 

1,087,349— Henry  C.  Braun,  Kings  Cross,  London,  England.  Means 
for   stoppering   bottles. 

1,087,412— Oskar  Unger  and  Eugen  Molineus,  assignors  to  Farben- 
fabriken vorm.  Friedr.  Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld,  Germany. 
Process   of  producing  quinizarin. 

1,087,437— William  F.  Doerflinger,  Halesite,  N.  Y.,  assignor,  by  mesne 

s  assignments,  to  Niagara  Alkali  Co.  Apparatus  for  the  manu- 
facture of  stannic  chloride. 

1.087,472— John   C.   Uhlein,   Watertown,   N.    Y.     Non-refillable  bottle. 

1,087,477— Harry  Wilson,  assignor  to  Pacific  Kelp  Co.,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.     Process  of  obtaining  potash  salts  from  kelp. 

1,087,515— Philipp  Sprenger  and  Aegidius  Tschudi,  Basel.  Switzer- 
land, assignors  to  The  Hoffmann-LaRoche  Chemical  Works, 
New  York,  N.  Y.  Casein  calcium  and  process  for  producing 
the   same. 

1,087,774— Otto  Johnson  and  Nels  Rundgren,  Oak  Park,  HI.  Non- 
refillable  bottle. 

1.087.840— Clifton    W.    Simmons,    Norfolk,   Va.      Non-refillable    bottle. 

1,087.843— Martin  H.   Smith,   New   York.   N.   Y.     Capsule. 

1,087,845 — James  H.    Stevens,   Boston.   Mass.     Salvarsan    needle. 

1.087.907— Philip   Publicker.    Philadelphia,    Pa.      Distilling    apparatus. 

1,087.909— Harry  D.  Cullery,  assignor  to  Automatic  Machinery  Co., 
Terre  Haute,  Ind.  Automatic  feeder  for  bottle  filling,  capping 
and    labeling   machines. 


March.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


141 


ADVANCE   IN   OPIUM  THE  FEATURE. 


Market  Report  Reflects  Many  Changes — Sandalwood 

Oil    Non-Dutiable    as   a    Medicinal    Compound. 

See  pages  28  to  40   for  Prices  Current. 

Ch.\nges  Since  Last  Report. 

D — Acetone,  Pure  C. P.  Medicinal lb.  .33  —  .35 

A— Acid,  Acetic,  No.  8  (sp.  gr.  1.040) lb.  .10  —  .12 

C.P.  Glacial,  99J4% lb.  .20  —  .27 

D — Acid,    Benzoic,    English,    True oz.  .16  —  .18 

D— Acid,   Boracic,    Crystal lb.  .10  —  .13 

Powdered    lb.  .12  —  .15 

D — .\cid,  Lactic,  concentrated,   1-oz.  vials.. oz.  .08  —  .10 

A— Acid,  Phosphoric  Diluted lb.  .14  —  .19 

D— .A.cid,   Sulphurous,   U.S. P.  Solution. ..  .lb.  .12  —  .14 

D— Acid,  Tannic,  Medicinal lb.  .84  —  .94 

A — Acid,  Trichloracetic  oz.  .17  —  .19 

D — Ammonium  Carbonate,  Resublimed,  Cubes, 

bots..lb.  .25  —  .30 

D— .\ngelica  Seed   lb.  .35  —  .40 

D— Anise  Seed,  Star lb.  .26  —  .33 

D — Arrowroot,  Bermuda,  True lb.  .55  —  .60 

St.  Vincent   lb.  .16  —  .18 

D — Arsenic  Iodide   oz.  .45  —  .50 

A — Atropine,   '/s-oz.  vials oz.  7.50  —  7.80 

Sulphate,   ^-oz.  vials oz.  6.25  —  6.50 

A— Balsam  Tolu   lb.  1.00  —  1.20 

D— Beans,   Angostura  Tonka lb.  1.85  —  1.95 

A — Beans,  Vanilla,  Mexican,  long lb.  6.65  —  7.50 

A — Belladonna   Leaves,   German lb.  .38  —  .45 

D— Caffeine,  Citrated   lb.  2.60  —  2.70 

D— Calamus  Root,  White,  Peeled  and  Split. lb.  .28  —  .30 

A — -Calendula  Flowers   lb.  .55  —  .60 

D— Canella    Bark,    Powdered lb.  .30  —  .34 

A — Cannabis  Indica,  Herb lb.  1 .80  —  1 .90 

D — Cascara   Sagrada  Bark lb.  .18  —  .22 

A— Celer>'   Seed    lb.  .34  —  .39 

D— Chloral  Hydrate,   Crystals lb.  .55  —  .65 

D— Chloroform   lb.  .25  —  .48 

D — Chrysarobin    oz.  .22  —  .25 

D— Cinchona,   Red    lb.  .36  —  .48 

Yellow    lb.  .38  —  .44 

A — Cinchonidine   Sulphate    oz.  .28  —  .31 

D — Cinchonine  Sulphate  oz.  .14  —  .18 

Salicylate  oz.  .18  —  .20 

D — Coca  Leaves   oz.  .35  —  .45 

D— Calumba   Root    lb.  .18  —  .22 

A— Copaiba,  S.  A lb.  .70  —  .75 

Para    lb.  .75  —  .85 

D— Cubeb  Berries,  Powdered lb.  .55  —  .60 

D — Elecampane  Root   lb.  .18  —  .20 

A— Ergot    lb.  .75  —  1.20 

Powdered   lb.  .85  —  1.45 

A— Ether,   Washed    lb.  .32  —  .45 

D — Flaxseed,  Cleaned,  less  than  barrel lb.  .06^ —  .08 

Ground  lb.  .06i^—  .08 

A — Galbanum,  Strained   lb.  1.25  —  1.50 

D— Ginger  Root,  African lb.  .14  —  .16 

Powdered   lb.  .20  —  .22 

Jamaica,  Powdered    lb.  .27  —  .31 

D— Hops,  Select   (1913) lb.  .30  —  .32 

Pressed,  ^-  and  J^-Ib.  pkgs lb.  .35  —  .40 

A — Iodine,   Resublimed    lb.  4.00  —  4.25 

Deodorized    oz.  .60  —  .64 

A— Iron   Citrate,   U.S. P lb.  .76  —  .80 

A — Iron  Citrate  and  Ammonia,  Soluble. ..  .lb.  .72  —  .75 

A — Iron  Iodide   oz.  .35  —  .42 

A — Isinglass,   Russian    lb.  4.00  —  4.25 

D— Jalap  Root  lb.  .28  —  .31 

D — Lavender   Flowers    lb.  .30  —  .45 

D — Licorice  Root,  Spanish,  Bundles lb.  .12  —  .22 

A— Lovage  Seed lb.  .60  —  .70 

D— Lupulin  lb.  2.65  —  2.85 


D — Lycopodium   lb.  .50  —  .55 

D— Manna,    Flake,   Large lb.  1.00  —  1.10 

Small    lb.  .55  —  .58 

.A— Menthol,  Crystal  lb.  4.10  —  4.25 

A — Morphine  Acetate,  ^-oz.  vials oz.  6.10  —  6.35 

Hydrobromide,  J^-oz.  vials... oz.  6.75  —  6.90 

Hydrochloride,  J/^-oz.  vials. .  .oz.  6.10  —  6.30 

Sulphate,  1-oz.  vials oz.  5.85  • —  6.05 

Yi-oz.  vials   oz.  6.10  —  6.30 

D — Mullein   Flowers,    1-lb.   cans lb.  .90  —  1.00 

A— Musk  Root  lb.  .25  —  .35 

Powdered  lb.  .30  —  .40 

D— Xutgalls    lb.  .22  —  .25 

D— Oil  Birch,   Black    (Betula) lb.  1.60  —  1.75 

D— Oil  Chaulmoogra    lb.  1.60  —  1.70 

D — Oil  Cod   Liver,    Norwegian gal.  1.10  ■ —  1.15 

Barrels  ea.  26.00  —  30.00 

.A— Oil  Cubeb  lb.  4.25  —  4.50 

.A.— Oil  Fennel  Seed   lb.  1.85  —  2.25 

D— Oil  Lavender,  Mitcham   lb.  3.75  —  4.00 

D— Oil  Lemon  lb.  3.10  —  3.25 

A— Oil  Lemongrass  lb.  2.00  —  2.25 

D— Oil  Orange,  Sweet   lb.  3.50  —  3.60 

D— Oil,  Salad,  Union  Oil  Co gal.  .85  —  .92 

A— Oil  Sandalwood,  English   lb.  6.50  —  7.00 

A— Oil  Tansy lb.  4.40  —  4.75 

D— Oil  Wintergreen,   Synthetic    lb.  .37  —  .45 

D — Oil  Wormseed,  Baltimore  lb.  4.00  —  4.25 

A— Opium,  Natural   lb.  6.40  —  6.85 

Granulated  lb.  8.25  —  8.35 

U.S. P.  Powdered   lb.  8.15  —  8.25 

D — Potassium  Prussiate,   Yellow lb.  .22  —  .26 

Salicylate    oz.  .11  —  .13 

A— Prickly  Ash  Berries lb.  .40  —  .45 

A— Quince  Seed  lb.  .85  —  1.25 

A — Quinine,    Alkaloid    oz.  .60  —  .65 

Acetate  oz.  .68  —  .72 

Bisulphate   oz.  .34  —  .38 

Hydrobromide    oz.  .60  —  .65 

Hydrochloride   oz.  .58  —  .63 

Lactate  oz.  .66  —  .71 

Salicylate  oz.  .59  —  .64 

D— Rhubarb,  Powdered  lb.  .40  —  .50 

A— Rochelle  Salt   lb.  .19^—  .21"^ 

A— Rose  Leaves,  Red lb.  1.40  —  1.50 

A — Saw  Palmetto  Berries lb.  .36  —  .40 

D — Strontium   Nitrate    lb.  .14  —  .16 

A— Strophanthus  Seed,   Green lb.  .90  —  1 .00 

\ — Strychnine,   Acetate,    ^-oz.  vials oz.  1.6C  —  1.70 

Alkaloid,  Powd.,  ;^-oz.  v..oz.  1.20  —  1.30 

Nitrate,  y&-oz.  vials oz.  1.55  —  1.60 

Sulphate,  }/^-oz.  vials oz.  1.20  —  1.25 

D— Thymol   lb.  2.40  —  2.50 

.A— Thymol  Iodide,  U.S. P lb.  —  5.00 

D — Turpentine,  Chian,  Genuine lb.  .33  • —  .38 

D— Wax,  Bay  lb.  .32  —  .38 

D— Wax,  Camauba,  No.  1 lb.  .42  —  .70 

A — Wormseed,  Powdered   lb.  .58  —  .65 

NOTE — A,    advanced;    D,    declined;    C,    correction;  N,  new. 

NEW  YORK,  Feb.  23.— Trading  in  the  general  list  of 
drugs  has  been  more  active  during  the  past  two  weeks 
than  at  any  time  since  the  beginning  of  the  year,  though 
consumers  have  confined  their  purchases  to  the  staples  actually 
needed  for  immediate  demand.  Mail  and  telegraphic  orders  are 
coming  in  more  freely,  however,  and  some  improvement  in 
local  trade  is  reported.  As  shown  by  the  above  list,  numerous 
changes  have  been  made  in  quotations,  the  most  noteworthy 
being  the  advance  in  opium,  atropine,  celery  seed,  calendula 
flowers,  resublimed  iodine,  menthol,  morphine,  oils  of  cubeb, 
fennel,  sandalwood,  rochelle  salt,  green  strophanthus,  and 
strychnine  and  its  salts.  Among  the  declines  are  medicinal 
acetone,  true  benzoic  acid,  arrowroot.  Tonka  beans,  calamus 
root,  chloral  hydrate,  chloroform,  flaxseed,   cleaned  and  ground 


142 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[March,  1914 


ginger  roof,  oils  of  birch,  chaulmoogra,  lavender,  lemon,  orange, 
sj-nthetic  wintergreen,  and  wormseed ;  strontium  nitrate,  thymol^ 
Chian  turpentine,  thymol  and  bay  and  Camauba  wax. 

OpruM — The  advance  in  the  price  of  opium  embraces  all 
varieties,  the  upturn  being  the  result  of  the  increasing  cost  of 
importation  and  diminished  stocks  here.  Natural  is  quoted  at 
$6.40@$6.S5  per  pound,  granulated  at  $8.2S@$8.35,  and  U.S  P 
powdered  at  $S.15@$8.25. 

Quinine — Is  meeting  with  a  good  demand  at  the  recent 
advance  on  the  basis  of  26  cents  per  ounce  in  100-ounce  tins. 
The  revised  schedule  of  prices  for  the  various  salts  shows  the 
following  advances:  Quinine  alkaloid,  66c.@70c.  per  ounce; 
acetate,  6Sc.@72c.;  bisulphate,  34c.@38c. ;  hydrobromide,  60c'. 
(5'65c. ;  hydrochloride,  S8c.@63c.;  lactate,  66c.@71c. ;  salicylate, 
59c.@64c.;  sulphate  in  1-oz.  vials,  31c.@36c.,  and  tannate, 
35c.@40c.  A  strong  undertone  obtains  in  all  markets  for  the 
salts,  a  condition  that  is  traceable  to  the  price  maintenance 
agreement  between  Java  bark  producers  and  the  European 
manufacturers  of  salts.  The  exports  of  cinchona  bark  from 
Java  during  January  amounted  to  1,528,000  Amsterdam  pounds 
against  1,307,400  in  same  month  1913,  1,307,40  in  1912  and 
1,421,000  in  1911.  The  stock  of  quinine  in  London  Jan.  31 
last  was  only  3,365,712  ounces  against  3,635,488  ounces  Tan 
31,  1913. 

Cod  Ln-ER  On. — Norwegian  is  meeting  with  a  fair  demand, 
the  market  showing  a  downward  tendency,  and  quotations  at 
$26@S30  per  barrel;  less,  $1.10@$1.1S  per  gallon.  Cable  ad- 
vices at  hand  report  the  total  catch  this  year  to  be  3,100,000 
fish  yielding  2670  barrels  of  oil.  For  the  corresponding  date 
last  year  the  total  catch  was  6,500,000  fish  yielding  4770  barrels 
of  oil. 

Celery  Seed — Prices  have  advanced  sharply  both  here  and 
abroad,  jobbers  now  quoting  34c.@38c.  per  pound.  Advices 
from  Marseilles  are  to  the  effect  that  there  has  been  extensive 
Winter  killing  of  the  new  crop,  owing  to  unusually  low  tem- 
peratures. 

Ergot — Hamburg  advices  state  that  spot  stocks  of  Russian 
are  very  light  and  that  the  market  there  remains  very  firm 
despite  increased  offers  for  shipment.  Quotations  for  all 
varieties  range  from  75c.@$1.20  per  pound  for  whole,  and 
85c. (3 SI. 45  for  powdered, 

.\nise  Seed — Star  is  firmer,  owing  to  increased  cost  of  im- 
portation and  diminished  stocks  here,  jobbers  quoting  26c.@33c. 
per  pound. 

Copaiba — Is  meeting  with  a  moderate  demand  and  quotations 
are  higher  for  all  varieties.  South  American  being  quoted  at 
70c.@75c.  per  pound,  and  Para  at  75c.@85c. 

Menthoi, — The  market  reflects  a  stronger  tendency  and 
prices  show  a  decided  upward  trend,  crj'stal  being  quoted  at 
$4.10@S4.25  per  pound. 

Belladonna  Leantes — German  continue  to  move  upward 
owing  to  scarcity  and  dealers  are  now  quoting  38c.@45c.  tier 
pound,  according  to  quantity. 

Tonka  Beans — Angostura  are  lower  in  spite  of  the  fact  that 
advices  from  Venezuela  indicate  that  the  next  crop  will  not 
exceed  20,000  pounds.  Predictions  are  freely  made  that  prices 
are  likely  to  advance  considerably  within  a  short  time. 

Vanilla  Be.^ns — A  revision  of  quotations  indicates  a  slight 
advance.  A  further  advance  is  not  unexpected,  however,  as 
the  Mexican  government  has  announced  the  le\-ying  of  an  ex- 
port duty  of  S2  per  kilo,  equivalent  to  40c.@50c.  per  pound. 

Thymol — A  diminution  of  supplies  is  reported,  with  jobbers 
quoting  S2.40@$2.50  per  pound.  An  advance  is  also  noted  in 
the   quotations  for   thymol   iodide,   $5   per   pound   being   asked. 

Oil  PEPPERJ.IINT — Western  advices  are  bullish,  predicting 
higher  prices  ultimately.  The  market  is  steady,  however,  at  the 
prices  quoted  last  month. 

On.  Lemon — Prices  still  continue  to  decline,  jobbers  quoting 
$3.10@$3.25  per  pound,  and  this,  too,  in  the  face  of  advances 
noted  in  primary  markets.  It  is  stated  that  extract  makers  are 
still  holding  aloof  from  the  local  market. 

On,  Lemongrass — Higher  prices  prevail,  $2@$2.25  per  pound 
being  asked. 

On.  Orange — Sweet  is  lower,  $3.50@$3.60  per  pound  being 
the  ruling  quotations.  The  Valencia  orange  crop  is  reported 
to  have  been  damaged  from  10  to  80  per  cent,  by  recent  frosts, 
and  many  German  and  English  houses  have  suspended 
shipments. 

On.  Sandalwood — True  East  Indian  oil  is  higher,  quotations 
ranging  from  S6.50@S7  per  pound.     An   interesting  ruling  has 


been  made  by  the  United  States  Treasury  department  to  the 
effect  that  the  oil  is  properly  entitled  to  entry  free  of  duty 
instead  of  being  assessed  for  duty  at  an  advalorem  rate  of  25  per 
cent,  as  an  "aromatic  substance  used  in  the  manufacture  of 
perfumes  and  cossmetics." 

Chloroform — Quotations  have  been  reduced  to  25c.@48c. 
per  pound.  Severe  competition  from  abroad  is  noted  here  and 
prices  may  be  further  reduced. 

Chloral  Hydrate.— Present  quotations  show  a  decline,  S5c.@ 
65c.  per  pound  being  asked. 

Strychnine — Notwithstanding  keen  competition  among  do- 
mestic manufacturers,  jobbing  prices  show  an  advance,  as- 
follows:  Acetate,  5^-oz.  vials,  per  ounce,  $1.60@$1.70;  a'kaloid, 
powdered,  ^^-oz.  vials,  per  ounce,  $1.20@$1.30;  nitrate,  }^-oz. 
vials,  $1.55@$1.60;  sulphate,  "^-oz.  vials,  $1.20@$1.25. 

Strophanthus  Seed — Green  is  meeting  with  some  demand) 
and  is  higher,  90c. @$1   per  pound  being  asked. 

Oil  Lavender — Mitcham  is  higher  on  a  marked  diminution, 
of  spot  goods  and  jobbers  have  advanced  prices  to  $3.75(a$4. 

Rochelle  Salt — A  revision  shows  a  lower  range  of  quota- 
tions, 19Hc.@21}/2C.  being  asked,  according  to  size  of  order  and' 
seller. 

On.  Tansy — Scarcity  of  supplies  and  an  increasing  demand' 
have  influenced  an  upward  trend  in  quotations,  $4.40@$4.75 
per  pound  being  asked. 

Oil  Wormseed — Baltimore  is  in  much  better  supply,  with 
quotations  reduced  to  $4.00@$4.25  per  pound. 

Silver  Nitrate — Notwithstanding  a  drop  of  ■4c.  in  the 
price  of  bar  silver,  quotations  for  nitrate  are  higher,  44c.@50c. 
per  ounce  being  asked.  Fused  cones  is  quoted  at  60c.@63c. 
per  ounce,   and  stick    (lunar  caustic)    at  48c.@52c.   per  ounce. 

Hops — Lower  prices  prevail,  quotations  ranging  from  30c.@ 
32c.  per  pound  in  bulk,  and  35c.@40c.  per  pound  in  Y^-  and' 
J/^-pound  packages.  Lupulin  is  slightly  higher  at  $2.65(g$2.85 
per  pound. 

Camphor — Considerable  activity  has  been  noted  in  this  article 
abroad,  demand  from  India  being  a  factor,  and  the  market 
is  firmer  here,  although  jobbers'  quotations  remain  unchanged. 
The  total  exports  of  camphor  from  Formosa  from  April  tO' 
December  31,  1913,  are  estimated  at  4,500,000  kin,  or  6,000,000 
pounds. 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  Era  Coarse  In  Pharmacy  li  a  syitematlc  home-stady  coaria, 
designed  to  give  a  theorstlcal  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  Intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who. 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  SS  Lec- 
tures; It  can  be  completed  In  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  tli» 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  Is  merely  nomlnaL  A  com- 
plete Prospectus  can  be  bad  by  addressing 

Director,  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy, 

c/o  D.  O    Haynes  &  Co., 

No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 


Matriculation     Graduates  to  Feb.   24,   1914.     Graduating- 
Number.  Average. 

7512— Lotha  A.  Williams,  Pittsburg,  Kan 96 

7596— Charles  E.  McHale,  New  Orleans,  La 92 

7678— William   F.  Hasek,   Cleveland,   Ohio.. 91 

7681— W.  Harry  McLeskey,  Anderson,  S.  C 99 

7788— Glenn   Bessey,   Manti,    Utah 88 

7819— Fred   E.   Hines,    Dorchester,   Mass 96 

7836— J.  C.  Kimble,  Montezuma,  Ga 93 

7907— Earl   D.  McGaughey,   Hartford,   Ark 94 

8035— Ralph  A.  Rettig,  Holgate,  Ohio 96 


From  Our  Appreciative  Students. 

'■It  may  be  some  pleasure  to  you  to  know  that  with  the  aid' 
of  your  Era  Pharmacy  Course  and  no  other  training,  I  re- 
cently passed  the  Michigan  board  for  full  papers." — R.  J. 
Barnes,  White  Cloud,  Mich. 

"I  received  the  examination  papers  today,  and  will  say  that 
I  am  more  than  pleased  with  the  results  I  obtained  on   them.  . 
I   can   recommend   the   Course   as   a   very   interesting   and   sys- 
tematic one   for  the  man  who  has  to   put   the   greater  part  of 
his  time  in  a  store." — Charles  E.  McHale,  New  Orleans,  La.. 


^i^„"l.'  — Uf    .J1'   7^^^  ,    V^      '"  ■   ^''' '''"      ^^      '  "      '  "      '  "      '^'' ^" 1^.^  ,,  .^:ui Lii — uj — m     nr  ; 

----"-"'■'^^^iiii;i;in;::;      .:::.;;:  ^         )  ESTABUSHED*  1887  |h: 

The  pharmaceutical  Era 


IL-tfr-t 


AN    ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBLICATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XL VII 


New  York,  April,  1914 


No.  4 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era 

PUBLISHED  ON  THE  FIRST  OF  EACH  MONTH. 


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Title   Registered   in   the    United  States   Patent    Office. 

OrFICIAL    VEGETABLE    AND    ANIMAL    DRUGS. 


A  SECOND  instalment  of  proposed  new  descrip- 
tions and  standards,  and  of  changes  in  descriptions 
and  standards  for  incorporation  in  the  new 
Pharmacopoeia,  has  been  issued  by  the  Committee 
of  Revision,  a  part  of  which,  in  somewhat  condensed 
form,  is  presented  in  this  issue  of  the  Era.  These 
descriptions  and  changes,  following  the  abstract  of 
changes  relating  to  chemicals,  more  than  ever  con- 
firm the  belief  that  the  new  Pharmacopoeia  will 
be  pre-eminently  a  book  of  standards,  and  as  such 
will  better  answer  the  needs  of  the  Pood  and  Drugs 
Act  in  giving  specific  information  as  to  the  varia- 
tions in  the  character  of  different  samples  of  official 
drugs. 

In  the  entire  abstract  about  120  drugs  are  named, 
of  which  cantharides  and  cochineal  are  of  animal 
origin.  In  all  instances  the  effort  is  made  to  em- 
ploy definitions  that  shall  say  what  con-stitutes  a 
good  drug,  one  noticeable  feature  being  the  specific 
language  used  in  the  descriptions,  and  in  the  case  of 
certain  drugs,  the  amount  of  inert  matter  allowable 
being  always  given,  as,  for  instance,  in  the  case 
of  aconite,  "not  more  than  5  per  cent,  of  stem- 


bases  or  other  foreign  matter  should  be  present." 
That  these  requirements  will  strengthen  the  hands 
of  the  authorities  in  enforcing  the  provisions  of 
the  Food  and  Drugs  Act  is  evident,  a  situation 
that  has  not  always  been  met  in  the  application 
of  the  present  standards  in  controlling  the  im- 
portation of  drugs.  Another  important  innovation 
is  the  introduction  of  microscopical  descriptions  and 
tests  for  powdered  drugs,  a  recognition  on  the  part 
of  the  Committee  of  Revision  that  this  is  the  com- 
mercial form  in  which  many  drugs  are  sold,  and 
also  of  the  fact  that  the  average  pharmacist,  even 
should  he  manufacture  his  own  galenicals,  no 
longer  powders  or  grinds  his  drugs  for  such  uses. 
Viewed  as  a  whole,  there  is  sufficient  reason  for 
the  belief  that  the  scope  of  the  next  Pharmacopoeia 
will  be  broad  enough  to  cover  most  of  the  needs 
of  such  a  book  and,  also,  that  the  committee  has 
followed  very  closely  the  principle  originally 
adopted  as  a  basis  of  admission  of  drugs,  viz.,  that 
an  article  should  have  therapeutic  value  or  be  of 
pharmaceutical  necessity ;  that  is,  be  essentially 
necessary  in  the  manufacture  of  official  prepara- 
tions that  are  recognized  as  having  therapeutic 
value.  As  new  additions  to  the  list  of  proposed 
official  drugs  agar-agar,  condurango  and  petro- 
selini  fructus  are  noted ;  while  definitions  have  been 
extended  to  cover  the  different  varieties  of  aloes, 
Sumatra  and  Siam  benzoin,  short  and  long  buchu, 
Spanish  and  Ru-ssian  licorice,  Savanilla,  Para  and 
Peruvian  rhatany  and  the  varieties  of  pilocarpus. 
These  facts  also  reflect  the  belief  that  an  effort 
has  been  made  to  evolve  a  Pharmacopoeia  which 
should  represent  the  highest  degree  of  commercial 
attainment  in  the  matter  of  official  substances  in 
their  natural  and  manufactured  forms. 


SYSTEMATIZING  DRUG   STORE  EXPENSE. 


In  addition  to  purveying  satisfactorily  to  the 
varied  requirements  of  the  drug  store  patron,  the 
druggist  must  make  a  satisfactory  profit  or  go  out 
of  business.  Into  this  profit  enter  many  factors, 
which  even  now  are  not  taken  into  consideration 
generally.  Some  few  druggists  realize  what  net 
profits  include,  others  are  still  satisfied  to  pay  their 
debts  from  the  income  derived  from  the  sale  of 
goods — keeping  the  invoices  on  spindles  or  in  the 
drawer  of  a  desk — and  pocket  what  of  the  balance 


144 


THE    FllAK.MACEUTICAL    ERA 


[APKIL,    lUU 


they  "think  they  can  spare"  as  their  salary,  after 
clerk  hire,  rent,  light,  insurance,  etc.,  have  been 
paid. 

That  this  course  of  procedure  is  neither  business- 
like nor  scientific  is  evident  even  to  the  layman, 
but  its  fallacies  are  brought  home  to  readers  of  this 
issue  of  the  Era  by  two  writers,  one  the  head  of 
one  of  the  largest  and  most  prosperous  drug  chains 
in  this  country — Louis  K.  Liggett;  the  other. 
Prof.  Selden  G.  Martin,  head  of  tlie  Bui-eau  of 
Business  Research  of  Harvard  Universitj'.  Mr. 
Liggett  emphasizes  departmentizing,  and  separa- 
tion of  department  costs  and  profits  as  an  essential 
to  the  modern  chain  store;  Prof.  JMartin  takes  the 
viewpoint  of  the  business  expert,  and  from  col- 
lected data  drawn  from  a  systematic  study  of  many 
retail  stores — shoe  stores  in  this  instance — makes 
certain  deductions  as  to  percentage  of  sales  ex- 
pense, turn-over,  rent,  etc.  These  deductions  he 
has  found  valuable  as  a  basis  upon  which  the  aver- 
age shoe  retailer  can  work,  and  he  states  succinctly: 
"A  man  with  the  best  accoimting  system  may  know 
exactly  where  he  is  at,  but  he  does  not  know  where 
he  ought  to  be."  From  these  collected  data  he  can 
deduce  " "  where  he  ought  to  be "  from  the  combined 
commercial  practices  of  others  in  the  same  line  of 
business. 

Unfortunately  the  Harvard  Bureau  of  Business 
Research  has  not  been  able  to  make  a  similar  study 
of  the  drug  business,  since  Prof.  Martin  frankly 
admits  the  complexity  of  the  business  has  deferred 
such  an  investigation  until  "more  plant  and  staff" 
are  at  the  disposal  of  the  bureau.  Prof.  Martin, 
however,  does  draw  one  striking  analogy  between 
the  retail  shoe  business  and  the  retail  drug  busi- 
ness, upon  which  we  should  be  glad  to  have  the 
opinions  of  practical  drug  men.  We  quote  his  own 
statement : 

"The  more  I  look  into  the  prescription  business  the 
more  1  am  impressed  with  its  analogy  to  the  repair 
business  of  a  shoe  store,  or  the  plumbing  business  of 
a  hardware  store,  in  that  not  only  is  merchandising 
done  but  also  manufacturing,  so  that  not  only  is  the 
original  store  expense  incurred,  but  also  a  manufac- 
turing expense.  In  shoes  we  have  found  stores  saying 
that  their  repair  department  yields  them  a  profit  of 
15  per  cent. — by  which  we  have  found  they  meant 
gross  profit — when  the  expense  of  the  store  proved  to 
be  22  per  cent.,  so  that  they  were  really  losing  some 
7  per  cent,  on  the  repair  business." 

Prof.  Martin  finds  that  the  average  stock  turn- 
over in  the  retail  shoe  business  is  be':ween  2  and 
2.5  times  per  year;  Mr.  Liggett  states  that  many 
successful  chain  drug  stores  are  able  to  turn  over 
their  stock  six  times  a  j-ear.  A  comparison  of  the 
two  articles  will  show  other  interesting  points  of 
agreement  and  difference  in  deduction,  although 
basically  both  gentlemen  are  much  nearer  agree- 
ment than  would  be  supposed  from  the  above 
quotations.  We  most  heartily  commend  these 
studies  of  business  methods  so  interestingly  pre- 
sented, in  the  interest,  to  quote  Prof.  Martin,  of 
their  "influence  toward  a  more  scientific  conduct 
of  the  drug  business. ' '  When  business  theorist  and 
successful  business  man  both  treat  of  the  same 
general  topic,  each  from  his  own  standpoint,  with- 
out knowledge  that  the  other  is  to  bo  quoted,  the 


result    from    the    reader's    viewpoint    c;mnot    but 
prove  helpful  aud  suggestive. 


SWAT  THE   FLY   NOW! 


Under  the  above  slogan  boards  of  health  and 
sanitarians  in  general  have  been  endeavoring  to 
arouse  the  public  to  the  danger  of  permitting  house- 
Hies  to  breed  unchecked  and  to  carry  their  burdens 
of  filtli  <md  disease  through  commimities.  As  a 
disseminator  of  disease,  this  insect  holds  a  pre- 
eminent place,  restricting  his  field  of  operations  to 
no  coimtry  or  clime,  the  kind  of  disease  that  he 
shall  spread  miilviug  no  difference  to  him,  for  so 
long  as  he  is  permitted  to  carry  his  full  burden, 
any  old  load  of  contagion  will  satisfy  him. 

How  he  does  work  to  live  up  to  his  oppor- 
tunities !  li  fly-blown  fecal  material  is  buried 
under  several  inches  of  sand,  the  fly  will  crawl 
thi'ough  the  sand  and  complete  his  development! 
In  short,  he  breeds  and  feeds  upon  the  carcasses 
of  the  dead  and  the  excreta  of  the  living,  and  then 
carries  his  loathsome  load  back  to  the  habita- 
tions of  man.  Voracious,  dangerous  and  ubiqui- 
tous, he  contributes  his  full  share  to  the  spread  of 
typhoid  fever,  hookworm  disease,  diarrhoea,  dysen- 
tery and  various  other  maladies.  Why  should  he 
not  be  exterminated? 

The  time  to  kill  flies  is  NOW,  and  to  show  how 
vital  it  is  to  kill  the  Winter  flies  and  their  incal- 
culable possibilities,  the  Committee  on  Pollution 
and  Sew^erage  of  the  Merchants'  Association  of  this 
city  has  issued  a  card  of  warning  from  which  we 
take  the  following  "live  wire"  paragraphs: 

Capture  every  one  of  the  filthy  little  pests  you  can 
find. 

A  single  fly  is  capable  of  depositing  ISO  eggs  at 
one  time  and  of  producing  five  or  six  batches  during 
its  short   life. 

The  progeny  of  a  single  pair  of  flies,  assuming 
that  they  all  live,  if  pressed  together  at  the  end  of 
the  Summer  would  occupy  a  space  of  over  14,000,000 
cubic  feet. 

This  would  be  equivalent  to  a  building  as  large  as 
the  Woolworth   building. 

Swat  the  fly !     Do  it  NOW  ! 


THE    HARRISON    NARCOTIC    BILL. 


We  hold  no  brief  for  the  Harrison  narcotic  bill, 
so-called  (H.R.  6282),  and  from  the  first  have 
been  more  in  sympathy  with  the  efforts  of  the  so- 
called  "come-outers"  of  the  N.A.R.D.  and  other 
National  and  State  organizations,  as  headed  by 
Mr.  Freericks,  formerly  coimsel  for  the  National 
body  of  retail  druggists.  And  our  opposition  was 
and  is  upon  the  same  groimds  as  those  advanced 
by  the  objectors  whom  we  have  cited — that  any 
measure  to  control  the  importation,  manufacture 
and  sale  of  narcotic  drugs  in  this  country  should! 
apply  equally  to  the  physician  and  to  the  drug- 
gist— that  no  favoritism  should  be  shown  either  by 
exemption  or  other  legal  evasion  of  responsibility. 

In  this  position  we  are  still  confirmed.  Nothing 
has  been  effected  in  the  way  of  amendment  to  the 
original  bill,  passed  by  the  House,  and  since 
amended  and  before  the  Senate,  to  alter  our  belief. 
The  bill  as  it  stands  is  plainly  a  compromise  meas- 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTIC Ali    ERA 


145 


ure;  it  does  not  wholly  please  either  the  manu- 
facturer, the  druggist,  the  physician  or  the  officials 
by  whom  it  must  be  enforced  should  it  become  a 
law.  There  is  a  feeling  on  the  part  of  many  that 
"it  is  the  best  to  be  expected  just  now,"  and  hence 
should  be  adopted,  but  this  is  not  good  sense  nor 
good  politics — and  politics  has  played  a  larger  part 
in  the  pulling  and  hauling  of  this  measure  during 
the  past  three  years  than  is  generally  realized. 

But  the  bill  as  it  stands  is  largely  the  work  of 
the  Drug  Trades  Conference,  representing  every 
branch  of  the  drug  trade,  and  their  recommenda- 
tion is  entitled  to  weight. 

While  we  have  not  favored  the  measure  because 
we  deemed  it  erred  in  privileges  vouchsafed  the 
physician  as  against  the  druggist,  members  of  the 
former  profession  are  opposing  it  upon  the  ground 
that  it  encroaches  on  the  right  of  the  States  to 
assess  taxes,  etc.,  yet  the  real  spirit  of  the  oppo- 
sition can  be  seen  in  the  statement  by  the  Society 
of  Medical  Jurisprudence  that  the  "tendency  of 
the  bill  is  not  enhanced  in  the  slightest  degree  by 
the  inclusion  of  physicians  among  those  who  are 
required  to  register  and  pay  the  annual  tax" — in 
this  case  the  moderate  sum  of  $1  a  year! 

These  protests  by  physicians  are  not  confined  to 
the  fraternity,  for  to  our  personal  knowledge  the 
drug  press  is  being  circularized  with  statements 
urging  "more  leeway  in  the  supplying  of  regis- 
tered physicians  by  manufacturers"  with  the  drugs 
in  question,  and  by  statements  of  the  "hardships 
entailed  upon  the  physician  in  rural  districts  and 
upon  those  depending  upon  his  services"  by  the 
license  requirement.  One  of  these  circular  letters 
states  bluntly  that  the  "bill  does  not  allow  a  phy- 
sician to  supply  himself  with  the  morphine  and 
cocaine  required  in  his  office  practice  or  in  making 
visits  without  first  registering  with  the  internal 
revenue  department  and  supplying  himself  with 
order  blanks,"  etc.,  as  required  of  the  druggist, 
when  by  paragraph  (a),  section  2,  of  the  bill,  a  phy- 
sician, dentist,  or  veterinary  surgeon,  while  re- 
quired to  register  once,  at  a  cost  of  $1,  are  ex- 
empted from  the  provisions  requiring  the  use  of 
order  blanks. 

There  are  sufficient  grounds  for  objection  to  the 
measure — notably  that  in  regard  to  exemptions, 
one-fourth  grain  of  morphine  allowed,  and  but  one- 
twelfth  grain  of  heroin— without  necessitating  in- 
correct statements  and  absolutely  false  deductions 
in  regard  to  its  provisions. 


THE  SALVARSAN  CONTROVERSY. 


It  is  difficult,  at  this  distance,  to  form  a  clear 
idea  of  the  motives  which  have  led  Dr.  Dreuw,  of 
the  Berlin  Police,  to  attack  Professor  Ehrlich's 
salvarsan,  and  to  demand  that  an  ordinance  be 
passed  prohibiting  its  use  in  doses  greater  than  the 
official  maximum  for  arsenic.  Dr.  Dreuw  lays 
great  emphasis  on  the  275  deaths  reported  to  have 
occurred  after  the  administration  of  salvarsan, 
many  of  the  symptoms  apparently  being  those  of 
arsenical  poisoning.  Tn  his  defence,  Ehrlich  points 
out  that  the  remedy  has  been  iised  in  more  than 


one  million  cases,  and  that  if  he  did  not  think  the 
advantages  far  outweighed  the  disadvantages,  he 
would  not  allow  the  prepai-ation  to  be  used  for 
another  instant.  Professor  Ehrlich's  attitude,  in 
the  face  of  Dreuw 's  somewhat  violent  attacks,  has 
been  frank  and  dignified,  and  he  has  stated  that 
he  is  largely  deterred  from  making  a  more  vigorous 
defence  by  the  certain  knowledge  that  all  such 
efforts  would  be  instantly  turned  against  him,  and 
ascribed  to  venial  motives.  The  two  men  have 
drawn  together  two  large  camps  of  followers,  and 
the  affair  is  widely  discussed  in  the  newspapers. 
Certain  authorities  at  the  University  of  Strassburg 
have  lined  up  with  Dr.  Dreuw,  while  the  majority 
of  the  medical  profession  are  still  with  Ehrlich. 
The  agitation  lias  led  to  interrogations  in  the 
Reichstag,  and  to  the  withdrawal  of  salvarsan  from 
free  commerce  except  through  the  apothecaries — 
a  cause  of  much  rather  undignified  gloating  on  the 
part  of  some  of  the  "Apotheker"  journals,  who 
stand  ever  ready  to  make  the  most  of  any  advan- 
tage gained  over  the  hated  "Drogisten." 


IS    PRICE    MAINTENANCE    NEARER? 


Price  maintenance  as  a  commercial  policy  is, 
perhaps,  nearer  accomplishment  than  ever  before 
in  this  country.  Through  the  efforts  of  the  Ameri- 
can Fair  Trade  League,  the  N.A.R.D.,  and  the 
National  Hardware  Dealers'  Association,  and  par- 
ticularly through  the  writings  of  the  Ingersolls  of 
the  watch  firm  of  R.  H.  IngersoU  «&  Bro.,  and  of 
Louis  D.  Brandeis,  through  the  great  National 
weeklies,  the  subject  has  been  brought  home  to  the 
purchasing  public  in  a  manner  which  has  created 
a  growing  sentiment  in  favor  of  fair  prices. 

The  majority  of  thinking  purchasers  believe  that 
the  manufacturer  of  Nationally  advertised  goods 
is  entitled  to  protection  in  the  price  he  establishes 
for  those  goods,  on  the  ground  that  promiscuous 
price-cutting  inevitably  leads  to  substitution  of 
other  than  the  goods  demanded,  to  the  loss  of  both 
the  purchaser  and  the  manufacturer.  Price  pro- 
tection is  not  an  upbuilder  nor  upholder  of  monop- 
oly— it  simply  means  the  protection  of  the  manu- 
facturer and  the  purchaser  in  the  handling  of  any 
advertised  named  commodity.  It  will  not  raise 
the  price  on  "own  make"  goods,  on  unlabeled 
products,  or  substitutes.  The  "something  just  as 
good"  can  be  sold  just  as  it  is  at  present,  but  it 
will  be  sold  in  fair  competition  with  a  standard 
product  upon  which  the  price  is  established. 

There  are,  at  the  present  time,  several  bills  be- 
fore Congress  which  aim  to  establish  the  right  of 
the  manufacturer  of  advertised  products  to  stipu- 
late the  retail  price  of  these  products.  One  of  the 
best-known  of  these  bills  is  "A  BiU  to  Prevent 
Fraud  and  Unfair  Competition  in  the  Sale  of 
Patented,  Trade-marked  or  Copyrighted  Articles." 
This  bill  has  the  indorsement  of  the  American  Fair 
Trade  League,  the  N.A.R.D.  and  the  Hardware 
Dealers'  Association.  In  addition  there  is  House 
Bill  "H.R.  13305,"  introduced  by  Representative 
Stevens,  of  New  Hampshire,  which  is  entitled: 
"To  Prevent  Discrimination  in  Prices  and  to  Pro- 


146 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[April,  1914 


vide  for  Publicitj'  of  Prices  to  Dealers  and  to  the 
Public."  This  bill  seeks  merely  to  legalize  con- 
tracts between  manufacturers  and  dealers  in  arti- 
cles of  commerce  produced  under  a  trade-mark  or 
special  brand,  and  would  restore  to  manufacturers 
the  rights  supposedly  jpossessed  by  them  prior  to 
the  Dr.  Miles  Medical  Co.  decision  and  similar 
findings  by  the  U.S.  Supreme  Court.  The  third 
bill  (the  Metz  bill),  which  is  designed  to  prevent 
discrimination  by  establishing  "'uniform  prices  for 
uniform  commodities"  is,  perhaps,  unique  in  that 
it  is  preceded  by  a  preamble  which  defines  such 
terms  as  "imiform  commodity,"  "proprietor," 
'"dealer  at  wholesale  and  retail,"  and  "consumer," 
a  glossary  that  would  have  solved  several  legal 
problems  in  the  past  had  such  definitions  been 
established. 

With  so  general  an  attempt  to  secure  the  passage 
of  some  enactment  which  shall  establish  the  right 
of  the  manufacturer  to  market  advertised  goods  at 
an  advertised  rate,  there  is  more  than  a  ray  of 
hope  for  the  manufacturer  who  has  been  a  victim 
of  what  have  been  aptly  designated  "trade 
pirates,"  and  for  the  druggist  who  has  been  forced 
by  aggressive  price-cutters  to  slash  his  retail  prices 
to  such  an  extent  that  he  loses  money  on  nearly 
every  sale  of  advertised  goods. 


PUT    THE    HOME    ON    ITS    FEET    FINANCIALLY. 


There  is  a  general  feeling  on  the  part  of  the  drug- 
gists of  this  countiy  that  the  Druggists'  National 
Home  at  Palmyra,  Wis.,  is  deserving  of  general  sup- 
port as  one  of  the  most  helpful  philanthropic  insti- 
tutions anj-  druggist  could  assist — and  this  feeling 
is  based  upon  something  more  than  sentiment.  Yet, 
while  there  have  been  many  subscriptions  from  the 
larger  manufactui'ing  firms,  and  smaller  subscrip- 
tions from  associations  and  individuals,  there  has 
not  been  the  united  support  from  the  druggists 
themselves  that  should  have  been  vouchsafed. 

The  honor  for  the  initiative  in  the  foundation  of 
this  Home  is  due  the  National  Drug  Clerks'  Associa- 
tion; the  plan  was  thought  out  by  them,  and  it  was 
their  money  that  made  the  purchase  possible,  but 
the  enterprise  has  lacked  the  positive  support  of 
the  National  associations  of  manufacturers,  jobbers 
and  of  emploj^ers — and,  it  is  to  be  feared,  this  fact 
has  had  more  or  less  influence  in  deterring  drug- 
gists from  more  general  and  more  generous  con- 
tributions. There  has  been  too  much  of  a  feeling 
"that  it  may  be  best  to  wait  and  see  what  will  be 
done  with  the  Home." 

Now,  the  real  test  is  approaching — it  is  absolutely 
necessary  to  make  a  pajTuent  on  the  property  on  or 
before  April  8,  a  payment  sufficiently  large  to  con- 
vince the  original  ovMier  that  the  druggists  of  the 
country  are  back  of  the  institution  and  that  the 
entire  purcha.se  price  will  be  raised  in  due  course 
of  time.  Since  the  advantages  of  the  Home  have 
been  so  well  advertised  other  parties  have  entered 
the  field  and  are  seeking  to  purchase  it,  and  while 
donations  to  the  Home  fund  are  still  coming  in,  they 
are  not  in  sufficient  number  or  amoimt  to  aggregate 
the  sum  necessary  for  this  pajTnent,  and  pay  the 


mmning  expenses  of  the  Home  at  the  same  time. 

The  trustees  of  the  Home,  therefore,  have  taken 
a  step  which,  if  carried  to  its  natural  conclusion, 
will  remove  the  Home  forever  from  the  field  of 
insecure  charity  by  donation  and  place  it  upon  a 
self-sustaining  basis :  Thej'  have  tendered  the  Home 
and  the  management  of  the  same,  without  any 
reservation  whatever,  to  the  executive  committee  of 
the  National  Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  and 
this  committee  will  meet  in  Chicago,  April  6,  to 
decide  the  matter. 

It  seems  eminently  fitting  that  such  an  institution 
should  be  trulj'  a  National  trust,  rather  than  the 
pet  philanthropy  of  imy  one  organization,  and 
should  the  N.A.R.D.  take  over  the  property  there 
will  be  no  question  as  to  the  continuance  of  the  insti- 
tution as  a  permanent  feature  of  the  work  of  the 
banded  druggists  of  the  country,  whether  manufac- 
tm-crs,  jobbers,  retailers  or  clerks.  It  would  be 
deplorable  should  the  Home,  after  its  happy  in- 
auguration, be  allowed  to  pass  from  the  hands  of 
the  druggists,  and  there  is  no  doubt  that,  with  the 
backing  of  the  membership  of  the  N.A.R.D.,  and 
the  financial  stability  insured  by  its  management 
by  this  National  body,  the  druggists  of  the  country 
will  come  forward  and  remove  the  institution  from 
the  category  of  the  financially  imcertain. 

The  Home  should  be  a  permanent  institution, 
supported  by  a  sinking  fimd  and  hy  its  earnings. 
The  N.A.R.D.  can  make  it  so,  and  we  sincerely 
trust  that  some  such  solution  of  the  vexed  problem 
will  be  reached,  and  reached  at  once. 


PTTRE   SCIENCE   AND   PRACTICAL   RESULTS. 


Less  than  one  hundred  years  ago,  hydrogen 
peroxide  was  added  to  the  rapidly  growing  list  of 
interesting  chemical  compounds,  discovered  by 
pioneers  all  over  Europe  in  their  daring  excur- 
sions into  every  comer  of  the  domain  of  science. 
Nowadays,  as  one  of  the  most  widely  used  house- 
hold remedies  and  prophylactics,  hydrogen  perox- 
ide affords  an  excellent  refutation  of  the  theory 
that  "pure"  science  is  not  "practical."  When 
Thenard  set  out  to  study  the  effect  of  acids  on 
barium  peroxide,  he  was  in  no  wise  interested  in 
the  practical  uses  to  which  his  discoveries  might  be 
put.  For  half  a  century  it  was  not  known  that 
the  new  compound  was  useful,  except  in  so  far  as 
it  had  been  of  aid  to  further  chemical  work.  Then 
Richardson  gave  it  prominence  by  demonstrat- 
ing its  value  as  a  disinfectant,  and  "practical" 
men  were  probabl.v  ready  to  admit  that  the  "theo- 
retical" researches  of  Thenard  were  justified.  But 
practical  men  have  never  yet  offered  a  means  of 
ascertaining  beforehand  what  discoveries  will  be 
made,  nor  have  they  furnished  a  criterion  by  which 
the  worker  in  pure  science  can  direct  his  efforts 
so  as  to  produce  practical  results.  Until  such  re- 
lief is  forthcoming,  investigators  wiU  continue  to 
push  their  inquiries  in  every  direction,  not  only  as 
pioneers,  cutting  a  rough  trail  through  new-  coun- 
trj%  but  also  as  patient  and  accurate  surveyors  and 
explorers,  recording  with  minute  care  all  the  expe- 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


147 


riences  they  meet,  whether  along  the  main  traveled 
road,  or  while  following  the  side-trails. 


THE    NEW    ERA    FOKMXTLARY. 


The  wonderful  advances  made  in  applied  tech- 
nology will  be  vividly  brought  home  to  the  phar- 
macist who  will  take  the  pains  to  compare  his  copy 
of  the  first  edition  of  the  Era  Formulary,  published 
in  1893,  with  a  copy  of  the  new  edition  just  off  the 
press.  The  former  has  earned  a  meritorious  repu- 
tation and  we  would  not  speak  disparagingly  of  it. 
But  with  the  passing  of  the  years,  new  methods  and 
processes  are  required  to  meet  the  wants  of  a  new 
generation ;  new  forms  of  treatment  and  medication 
are  needed  with  our  increase  of  laiowledge  of  the 
causation  of  disease ;  in  fact,  new  articles  are  needed 
in  all  directions,  as  the  utilitarian  necessities  of 
mankind  become  more  specific.  Cognizance  of  this 
progress  has  been  taken  in  the  preparation  of  the 
material  for  the  volume,  which  is  essentially  new. 

Of  the  nearly  8000  formulas  presented,  more  than 
5000  did  not  appear  in  the  previous  edition,  while 
those  which  have  been  retained  have  been  recast 
and  better  adapted  for  the  purpose  designed.  Pains 
have  been  taken  to  make  the  nomenclature  employed 
in  all  the  formulas  imiform  and  definite,  and  to 
supplement  each  formula  or  process  with  instruc- 
tions for  manipulation,  so  as  to  eliminate  the  element 
of  guesswork  on  the  part  of  the  operator.  In  the 
nine  divisions  of  the  volume  are  formulas  and  proc- 
esses which  will  appeal  to  the  manufacturer,  the 
pharmacist,  the  physician,  the  veterinarian,  and  to 
workers  in  all  departments  of  professional,  indus- 
trial, and  household  economics. 

A  relation  of  these  salient  points  is  sufficient  to 
suggest  to  many  manufacturers  and  pharmacists 
ready  means  of  extending  their  businesses  by  the 
fabrication  of  specialties  for  which  there  is  a  de- 
mand. The  large  number  of  such  preparations  on 
the  market  is  indisputable  evidence  of  this  demand, 
as  also  the  fact  that  articles  of  this  character  yield 
good  financial  returns.  As  an  ad.junct  to  the  labo- 
ratory of  the  manufacturer,  druggist,  soda-fountain 
operator,  veterinarian  or  individual  in  search  of 
general  household  technical  helps,  we  can  commend 
this  book,  the  full  scope  of  which  is  outlined  in  the 
advertising  pages  of  this  journal. 


Books  Reviewed 


QUALITATIVE     CHEMICAL    ANALYSIS.     A    laboratory 
text  treating  of  the  common  elements  and  their  compounds. 
By  Anton  Vorisek,  professor  of  analytical  chemistry,   Col- 
lege  of    Pharmacy,    Columbia    University,    in   the    City    of 
New  York.     With  a  plate  of  spectra,  tables  and  three  text 
figures.      9j4x6^    inches.      226    pages.      Cloth,    $2    net. 
Philadelphia.     P.  Blakiston's  Son  &  Co. 
This  book  is  offered  to  meet  the  needs  of  students  whose 
time   for   the  study  of   analytical   chemistry   is   limited,   and   to 
this  extent  it  presents  a  concise  course  of  qualitative  analysis 
of  the  commonly  occurring  compounds  and  their  chemical  con- 
stituents that  should  prove  serviceable  to  the  pharmacy  student. 
In  the  arrangement  of  the  volume  the  study  of  the  basic  com- 
ponents is  begun  with   the   alkali   metals,   while   the  discussion 
of  the  mechanism  of  reactions  in  solution  is  placed  at  the  end 
of  the  book. 


Among  some  of  the  features  which  differentiate  the  author's 
scheme  irom  that  followed  in  similar  works  are:  Reactions 
are  represented  by  equations  arranged  vertically  and  close 
together  with  their  description;  manganese  is  classified  with  the 
thircl  group,  and  its  precipitation  completed  with  hydrogen 
dioxide ;  nickelous  and  cobaltous  hydroxides  are  oxidized  directly 
with  bromine,  and  potassium  cyanide  solution  is  used  to  partly 
separate  them;  tlie  mutually  reacting  acidic  ions  are  enumerated; 
the  oxidizing  anions  are  detected  with  potassium  iodide,  the 
reducing  ones  with  iodine  solution;  cadmium  nitrate  is  em- 
ployed to  separate  sulphide,  ferrocyanide  and  ferricyanide  from 
the  rest  of  the  members  of  the  second  (silver  nitrate)  group 
of  acid  ions,  and  to  isolate  tartaric  and  citric  acids.  A  pro- 
cedure for  the  identifications  of  the  acidic  ions  which  provides 
for  interferences  by  other  ions  is  also  developed.  So  far  as 
we  have  observed,  the  author's  definitions  are  comprehensive 
and  intelligible,  and  his  analytical  schemes  are  in  accord  with 
the  latest  developments  and  practical  applications  of  chemical 
methods  to  analysis. 


OLD   AGE  DEFERRED,     The  Causes  of  Old  Age  and  Its 

Postponement    by    Hygienic    and    Therapeutic    Measures. 

By     Arnold    Lorand,    M.D.,     Carlsbad,     Austria.       Fourth 

edition.      Translated,   with   additions,    by   the   author   from 

the  third  German  edition.     Royal  8vo.,  480  pages     Cloth 

$2.50.     Philadelphia,  F.  A.  Davis  Co. 

This   book   will  appeal   to   physicians,    pharmacists,    business 

men,    in    fact,    to   any    individual   of  a   thoughtful    disposition; 

for   all   are   interested   in   means,    if   any   there   may    be,    which 

shall  prolong  their  days  to   the  furthest   limit.     The  author   is 

candid  in  his  statement  that  it  is  impossible  to  create  a  young 

man  out  of  an  old  one,   but  he  believes  that  it  is  quite  within 

the   bounds  of  possibility  to  prolong  the  term  of  youthfulness 

by    10   to   20  years;    in   other   words,    that   we   need   no   longer 

grow  old  at  40  or  50,  and  we  may  live  to  reach  90  or  100, 

instead   of  dying  at   60   or   70.      This  result   is   to   be   brought 

about   by  the  observance  of  certain  hygienic  measures  and   by 

improving    the    functions    of    a    certain    few    of    the    glandular 

structures  in  our  bodies,   providing  incurable  organic  disorders 

have  not  already  too  gravely  compromised  these  main   organs. 

In   this  consideration,   the  so-called   "ductless  glands"   play  an 

important  part,   and  their  relation  to  the  general  economy  has 

been   made   the   subject   of   careful   study    by   the   author,    his 

results    and    the    conclusions    based    thereon    being    very    fully 

elaborated  in  this  work. 

Some  of  the  more  interesting  chapters  for  the  average  laymen, 
although  the  whole  book  will  appeal,  are  those  on  heredity 
and  longevity,  on  the  causation  of  old  age,  the  hygiene  of  the 
skin,  on  rational  clothing,  on  the  advantages  of  an  open  air 
life  and  of  breathing  exercises,  food  hygiene,  uses  of  stimu- 
lants, hygiene  of  sleep,  on  married  life  as  an  important  means 
of  prolonging  life,  the  prevention  of  premature  old  age,  etc. 
In  short,  whatever  may  be  the  opinion  of  the  reader  he  will 
not  fail  to  derive  some  benefit  from  the  numerous  hints  given 
for  the  preservation  of  health   and   prolongation  of   life. 

A  HANDBOOK  OF  USEFUL  DRUGS.  Prepared  under  the 
direction  and  supervision  of  the  Council  on  Pharmacy  and 
Chemistry  of  the  A.M. A.  Paper,  167  pages.  Printed  by 
the  American  Medical  .'\ssociation. 
This  contains  a  selected  list  of  important  drugs  suggested 
for  the  use  of  teachers  of  materia  medica  and  therapeutics  and 
intended  to  serve  as  a  basis  for  the  examination  in  therapeutics 
by  State  medical  and  examining  boards,  the  descriptions  and 
information  given  being  prepared  after  a  due  consideration  of 
the  needs  of  teachers  in  preparing  students  for  such  examina- 
tions. The  book  presents  a  brief  but  practical  discussion,  from 
the  modern  viewpoint,  of  tlie  properties,  pharmacologic  action, 
therapeutic  uses  and  doses  of  the  drugs  named  in  the  list,  with 
the  pertinent  observation  that  "an  intelligent  and  critical  use 
of  these  selected  drugs  will  prove  their  general  sufficiency  and 
show  that  many  drugs  now  discussed  in  text-books  are  super- 
fluous, and  that  many  newly  discovered  or  widely  exploited 
proprietary  preparations  have  no  advantages  over  those  con- 
tained in  this  book."  The  body  of  the  work  is  supplemented 
by  a  table  showing  the  recorded  solubility  of  substances  in- 
cluded in  the  list  of  important  medicaments,  a  pharmacologic 
index  based  on  Professor  Cushny's  "Pharmacology  and  Thera- 
peutics," a  feature  that  will  surely  appeal  to  practitioners,  and 
a  very  comprehensive  index. 


148 


THE    PHAEMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


IXK  MANUFACTURE,   including  Writing,   Copying,   Litho- 
graphic, Marking,  Stamping  and  Laundry  Inks.     By  Sig- 
mund   Lehner.     Translated  from  the   German   of  the   5th 
edition    by    Arthur    Morris    and    Herbert    Hobson,    B.Sc. 
(Lond.).     With   three   illustrations.     Second   revised   and 
enlarged  edition.     Crown  8vo.,  171  pages.     $2.50.    London, 
Scott,  Greenwood  &  Son;  New  York,  D.  Van  Nostrand  Co. 
According   to   the  author,   this   edition   of  his  work   on   the 
manufacture  of  ink   is  claimed   "to  contain  the  whole  of  the 
reliable  information  available  at  the  time  of  going  to  press," 
a  claim  that  will  appear  reasonable  to  anyone  who  will  take  the 
pains  to  examine  this  volume.     In  Germany  it  has  met   with 
great  success,  having  passed  through  five  editions,  and   in   its 
English   form   it   will   surely   appeal   to  those   interested   in   the 
manufacture  of  ink,  but  who  are  not  familiar  with  the  original 
tongue.     In   scope,   the   book   is  very   comprehensive,    including 
not  only  processes  and  formulas  for  making  the  different  varie- 
ties of  ink,  but  positive  and  helpful  information  concerning  the 
properties  of  the  raw  material  entering  into  their  manufacture. 
There  are  formulas  for  writing  inks  i>f  all  kinds  and  colors, 
hectographs  and  hectograph  inks,  methods  of  preserving  inks, 
making  typewriter  inks,  lithographic  inks  and  pencils,  stamping 
inks,    laundry   bluing,   etc.     Pharmacists   will   find  this  work  a 
valuable  addition  to  their  reference  libraries. 


PHARMACEUTICAL  BOTANY.     By  Heber  W.  Youngken, 
Ph.G.,   A.M.,   assistant  professor  of  botany   and   pharma- 
cognosy at  the  Medico-Chirurgical  College,  member  of  the 
.•\merican    Pharmaceutical    Association,    etc.      Edited    by 
F.   E.   Stewart,   M.D.,    Ph.G.,   departments   of   pharmacy 
and    chemistry,    Medico-Chirurgical    College,    etc.      Illus- 
trated.    12mo.,   106  pages,  flexible  cloth.     $1  net.     Phila- 
delphia.   P.  Blakiston's  Son  &  Co. 
This  book  is  particularly  designed  for  the  pharmacy  student 
who   is  required  to  take  up   the  subject   of   botany  during  his 
first  year  in  college.    In  this  book  enough  of  the  subject,  in  the 
author's  opinion,  is  given  to  serve  as  a  botanical  preparation  for 
pharmacognosy  and  materia  medica,  that  is,  a  presentation  of 
the  structural  and  systematic  aspects  of  the  science.    The  book 
is  divided  into  two  parts.   Part  I  being  devoted  to  the  mor- 
phology   (gross  and  minute)    and,   to  a  less  extent,   the  phy- 
siology of  the  angiosperms.     Part  II  deals  with  the  taxonomy 
of  plants,   mainly   but  not   wholly   of   medicinal   value,   together 
with  parts  used  and  the  names  of  the  official  and  non-official 
drugs    obtained    therefrom.       Students    who    have    thoroughly 
mastered  the  principles  as  set  forth   in  this  volume  should  be 
in  possession  of  sufficient   information   to  intelligently  compre- 
hend the  botanical  descriptions  of  the  Pharmacopoeia. 


THE  TREATMENT  OF  RHEUMATIC  INFECTIONS. 
8vo.,  134  pages.  Cloth.  Press  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co. 
Assembled  under  the  above  title  in  book  form  are  a  number 
of  the  various  articles  that  have  appeared  in  medical  and  other 
literature  relating  to  "phylacogens,"  their  preparation  and  ad- 
ministration, and  more  particularly  to  "rheumatism  phyla- 
cogen,"  the  specific  phylacogen  indicated  in  the  treatment  of 
rheumatism  and  rheumatic  infections.  As  stated  in  this  book, 
the  word  "phylacogens"  is  used  to  distinguish  the  modified 
bacterial  derivatives  manufactured  by  the  above-named  com- 
pany according  to  the  process  of  Dr.  A.  F.  Schafer,  of  Bakers- 
field,  Cal.,  who  first  presented  his  discovery  to  the  profession 
in  1910.  The  principle  upon  which  the  use  of  this  new 
therapy  is  founded  is  that  of  the  theory  of  multiple  infections. 
The  term  "phylacogen,"  as  explained  in  the  text  before  us,  is 
coined  from  two  Greek  words  meaning  "phylaxin  producer," 
phylaxin  being  the  name  applied  by  Hankin  to  a  defensive 
proteid  found  in  animals  that  have  acquired  an  artificial 
immunity  to  a  given  infectious  disease. 

ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE  SURGEON-GENERAL  OF 
THE  PUBLIC  HEALTH  SERVICE  OF  THE  UNITED 
STATES,  1913.    Published  by  the  U.S.  Treasury  Depart- 
ment, Washington,  D.  C. 
This  volume  gives  a  detailed  report  upon   the  operations  of 
the    United    States   Public   Health    Service    for    the   year    1913, 
taking  up  the  following  divisions:    Scientific  research  and  sani- 
tation;   foreign  and   insular   quarantine   and   immigration;    do- 
mestic  (interstate)   quarantine;  sanitary  reports  and  statistics; 
Marine  hospitals  and  relief;  personnel  and  accounts,  etc.     In 


it  wc  find  that  at  the  beginning  of  the  fiscal  year  there  were 
on  duty  46  pharmacists:  16  of  the  first  class;  21  of  the  second,, 
and  9  of  the  third  class.  At  the  end  of  the  year,  through 
resignation  and  promotion,  there  were  still  46  pharmacists  on 
duty,  but  they  were  rated  as  follows:  first  class,  16;  second 
class,  24;  third  class,  6.  Of  particular  interest  are  the  chap- 
ters relating  to  the  study  of  contagious  diseases,  to  pellagra, 
etc. 


NEW  AND  NON-OFFICIAL  REMEDIES,  1914.  352 
pages.  Cloth,  50  cents;  paper,  25  cents.  Chicago.  Ameri- 
can Medical  Association. 
Most  of  our  readers  are  familiar  with  this  useful  annual, 
which  contains  a  list  of  medicinal  substances  examined  by  the 
Council  on  Pharmacy  and  Chemistry  of  the  American  Medical 
.■\ssociation  prior  to  Jan.  1,  1914,  and  accepted  for  inclusion 
in  the  list  of  remedies  under  the  above  title.  Comparison  with 
previous  volumes  shows  that  the  number  of  remedies  accepted 
for  such  publication  is  increasing,  and  physicians  and  phar- 
macists who  wish  to  know  something  of  the  therapy  or  phar- 
maceutical character  of  these  remedies  will  find  this  an  authori- 
tative handbook  of  reference.  An  interesting  section  of  the 
book  is  the  list  of  references  to  proprietary  and  unofficial  arti- 
cles not  admitted  to  this  book,  but  which  have  been  discussed 
in  the  Journal,  the  annual  reports  of  the  Council  and  of  the 
A.M. A.  Chemical  Laboratory,  and  also  the  last  edition  of 
the   association's  publication,   "The  Propaganda   for   Reform." 


PROCEEDINGS  ot  the  Tenth  Annual  Convention  of  the 
National  Association  of  Boards  of  Pharmacy,  1913. 
This  volume  is  uniform  with  those  of  preceding  years  and 
contains  the  annual  meeting  held  in  Nashville  last  year.  Ac- 
cording to  the  secretary,  the  New  Hampshire  Board  of  Phar- 
macy has  been  added  to  the  list  of  members  since  last  report, 
while  the  boards  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  Oregon  and  Ohio 
have  withdrawn,  making  the  total  membership  now  on  the  roll 
38,  of  which  31  are  active  and  7  associate.  Among  the  sub- 
jects reported  in  the  volume  is  the  full  text  of  the  report  of  the 
advisory  committee  appointed  to  investigate  the  status  of  ex- 
aminations among  the  various  State  boards  of  pharmacy,  with 
the  end  in  view  of  determining  the  conditions  under  which 
reciprocal  registration  can  be  furthered. 


The  Chemist  and  Druggist  Diary,  1914. — American  phar- 
macists have  no  work  which  exactly  corresponds  to  that  issued 
annually  under  the  above  title  by  our  well-known  English  con- 
temporary. The  Chemist  &  Druggist,  of  London,  the  volume 
before  us  marking  the  46th  year  of  publication.  From  the  com- 
mercial viewpoint  the  contents  represent  the  widest  possible 
scope  of  pharmacy  as  a  business,  while  "professionalism"  is 
reflected  in  the  translation  by  Dr.  Salzmann,  president  of  the 
Deutscher  Apotheker  Verein,  of  the  formulas  for  German 
galenicals  which  are  given  in  the  "Ergiinzungsbuch  zum  Arznei- 
buch  fiir  das  Deutsche  Reich" ;  the  list  of  new  remedies  intro- 
duced during  the  year  preceding  publication ;  the  National 
insurance  acts  of  1911  and  1913,  including  an  "insurance  dis- 
pensing dictionary" ;  a  digest  of  inland  revenue  duties,  trade- 
mark registration,  British  excise  duties,  and  a  very  interesting 
department  called  "the  chemist's  lawyer,"  or  "trade  statutes 
put  pithily."  Add  to  the  features  named  the  14  pages  of 
"buyers'  guide,"  an  index  to  the  goods  advertised  in  the  Diary — 
more  than  12,000  items — and  one  begins  to  realize  something 
of  the  comprehensiveness  of  this  annual  and  its  obvious  use- 
fulness to  the  British  pharmacist.  The  Diary  is  sent  postpaid 
to  all  subscribers  of  the  Chemist  &■  Druggist. 


Dentists'  Diary,  Lehn  &■  Fink,  New  York. — The  first  num- 
ber of  the  Dentists'  Diary,  published  last  year,  was  more 
or  less  of  an  experiment,  but  such  was  its  reception  that 
a  second  edition  of  this  useful,  cloth-bound  volume  has  been 
issued  for  distribution  by  the  publishers.  In  addition  to  many 
memoranda  pages,  and  monthly  calendar  pages  with  a  com- 
plete system  of  records,  the  book  contains  such  technical  mate- 
rial as:  Abbreviated  terms  in  common  use  in  prescriptions, 
dosage  for  children,  diagnostic  aids,  comparison  between  tem- 
perature and  pulse,  emergency  drugs,  weight  and  measure 
equivalents,  comparative  table  of  common  and  scientific  names, 
common  boiling  points,  etc.,  etc.  The  oral  hygiene  movement 
is  given  considerable  attention,  and  the  keynote  of  the  entire 
work  is  usefulness  and  authoritative  statement. 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


149 


III.  Pharmacy  in  the  Past  Twenty-Five  Years,  by  L.  K.  Liggett 


A  FACTOR,  the  importance  of  which  is  only  now  being 
realized,  in  considering  this  question  of  retail  profits  is 
the  druggist's  relations  with  local  bankers.  The  average 
retail  druggist  in  small  towns  maintains  a  ridiculously  small 
bank    balance.      He    fails   to   realize    that   personal    integrity    is 

not  enough  to  establish  credit, 
and  that  the  banker,  being 
human,  is  not  receptive  to 
suggestions  from  would-be 
borrowers,  whose  accounts  are 
carried  on  the  books  at  a  loss. 
The  failure  to  borrow  money 
from  the  banks  at  opportune 
times  accounts  for  the  fact 
that  so  many  druggists  fail  to 
take  advantage  of  cash  dis- 
counts. 

The  cost  of  this  neglect  is 
shown  by  the  fact  that  were 
all  bills  rendered  to  a  mer- 
chant doing  a  $10,000  business 
discounted,  he  could  save  from 
1%  to  2%,  sometimes  more. 
And  this  he  could  do  by  hav- 
ing an  e.xtra  $600  in  his  busi- 
Lotns  K.  Liggett.  ness.      His     gross     purchases 

would  scarcely  exceed  $6500 
per  year,  and  this  amount  divided  by  12  shows  monthly  pur- 
chases of  $550.  If  he  watches  closely,  a  druggist  can  average 
to  save  2%  on  his  purchases  by  taking  all  his  discounts. 
Two  per  cent,  on  $550  is  $11.00  per  month  or  $132  for  the 
year,  which  is  equivalent  to  \Vs%  additional  profit  on  his 
total  sales.  The  necessary  $600  he  can  borrow  at  about  6% 
per  annum,  or  $36  per  year.  It  will  therefore  pay  any  drug- 
gist to  establish  credit  for  himself  at  his  own  banks. 

Stock  investment  in  the  average  drug  store  will  range  from 
$3000  to  as  high  as  $30,000  or  $40,000,  depending  entirely 
upon  the  volume  of  business  and  upon  the  location  of  the 
store;  that  is,  its  distance  from  the  central  market.  A  man 
in  one  of  the  largest  cities  of  Colorado,  outside  of  Denver,  is 
compelled  to  carry  considerable  stock  because  many  of  his 
items  he  is  unable  to  secure  from  local  jobbers.  This  is  true 
of  cities  in  Ohio  and  of  other  localities  which  depend  upon 
New  York  for  part  of  their  market.  Where  a  store  is  close 
to  its  market  a  druggist  can  make  arrangements  with  one 
particular  jobbing  house  that  carries  a  good  stock.  Such  a 
store  is  able,  when  properly  managed,  to  turn  its  stock  in 
from  60  to  90  days'  time.  Many  successful  chain  stores  are 
able  to  turn  their  stocks  six  times  a  year.  The  more  fre- 
quently stock  is  turned  the  more  there  is  to  be  made  in  the 
retail   business. 

Salary  Bonuses. 
There  is  much  discussion  of  the  question  of  paying  com- 
missions or  salary  bonuses  to  clerks.  Some  druggists  contend 
that  the  clerk  with  the  right  spirit  should  be  willing  to  render 
the  best  service  of  which  he  is  capable  in  return  for  a  fair 
salary.  Undoubtedly  this  is  true,  and  it  is  to  their  credit  that 
most  drug  clerks  do  give  honest  service  even  where  no  com- 
missions are  paid.  But  it  is  human  nature  to  work  with  a 
lighter  heart,  and  tlierejore  more  efficiently  when  financial 
cares  are  lifted.  Worry  may  be  a  spur  to  certain  exceptional 
men,  but  to  most  of  us  it  is  a  positive  deterrent.  And  expe- 
rience shows  there  is  no  better  way  to  develop  merchandising 
efficiency  in  the  sales  force,  secure  for  customers  more  prompt 
and  courteous  service,  and  increase  the  volume  of  business, 
especially  on  long-profit  goods,  or  goods  the  sale  of  which  the 
druggists  control,  than  the  payment  of  commissions.  The 
average  commission  paid  to  clerks  is  from  3%  to  5%,  but 
on  long-profit  exclusively  controlled  goods,  and  slow-moving 
stock,  the  usual  commission  is  never  less  than  5%,  and  some- 
times more. 

The  objection  sometimes  raised  that  the  paying  of  com- 
missions tends  to  make  the  clerks  over-anxious  to  sell  goods 
•on  which  commissions  are  granted,  and  that  their  zeal  antago- 
nizes customers  is  occasionally  justified.  But  where  this  re- 
sults the  fault  is  not  with  the  commissions  but  with  the 
itrairirg  of  the  clerk.    A  properly  trained  sales  force  is  stimu- 


lated to  greater  efficiency  by  the  granting  of  bonuses,  and  the 
public  actually  benefits  in  the  way  of  better  service.  The 
clerks  who  cannot  stand  prosperity,  as  the  phrase  is,  soon 
elimiriate  themselves,  and  would  ultimately  do  so  were  no 
commissions  paid. 

Bewards  to  Clerks. 
In  more  recent  years  retail  druggists,  instead  of  paying 
commissions,  are  developing  suggestive  salesmanship  by  offer- 
ing prizes  to  the  clerk  who  is  able  to  sell,  say  a  tooth  brush 
with  a  can  of  tooth  powder;  a  comb  with  a  hair  brush;  or  a 
bottle  of  hair  tonic  with  a  comb  and  hair  brush.  Personally, 
I  feel  that  a  study  of  this  character  of  work  will  do  more 
toward  making  merchants  of  the  average  retail  druggists  than 
anything  else. 

George  C.  Lyon  once  told  me  that  it  cost  him  one  dollar 
for  every  new  customer  he  got  into  his  store.  If  that  is  true, 
a  great  deal  is  being  lost  by  retail  druggists  who  do  not  take 
advantage  of  the  customer  when  he  is  in  the  store  by  sug- 
gesting to  his  mind  things  he  might  want  to  buy,  but  would 
not  think  of. 

Reinvested  Profits. 
The  druggist  who  makes  money  in  his  business  is  for  some 
psychic  reason  often  an  easy  prey  for  wildcat  schemers.  Money 
which  should  be  turned  back  into  his  business  for  the  purchase 
of  bigger  stocks,  the  installation  of  new  equipment,  the  en- 
largement of  the  premises,  or  even  the  purchase  of  new  stores 
is  frittered  away  on  Balloon  Common  or  Lemon  Preferred. 
It  ought  to  be  axiomatic  that  a  business  capable  of  yielding 
a  profit  is  a  good  investment  for  that  profit. 

One  of  the  evil  tendencies  now  happily  rapidly  passing 
away,  but  which  not  so  long  ago  helped  to  lessen  confidence 
in  the  drug  business,  was  the  granting  of  discounts,  and  the 
paying  of  commissions  to  doctors  in  return  for  their  prescrip- 
tion business.  This  custom  in  addition  to  its  bad  effect  on 
the  laity,  tended  to  destroy  confidence  between  the  physician 
and  the  druggist,  as  all  secret  and  unfair  arrangements  kill 
faith  among   the  participants. 

Our  Debt  to  the  Past. 
Yet  profit  is  not  the  only  thing,  and  we  must  not  forget 
our  debt  to  the  professional  pharmacists  of  an  earlier  day. 
Underlying  the  success  of  the  modem  merchandising  drug 
store,  are  the  high  ideals,  self-sacrifice  and  broad  human 
sympathies  of  those  so-called  "old  school"  pharmacists,  who, 
with  spirits  ever  young,  reached  out  the  light  of  their  faith 
to  their  successors.  The  druggist  of  today  is  doing  wonderful 
things,  but  his  success  depends  upon  his  ability  to  secure 
public  confidence,  and  that  confidence,  in  turn,  is  freely  given 
because  the  old-time  pharmacist  preserved  his  integrity  un- 
tarnished, blind  to  temptations,  and  finding  in  arduous  work 
well-done  his  truest  reward. 

Advertising. 
To  realize  the  tremendous  change  that  has  taken  place  in 
pharmacy  in  the  past  25  years,  one  need  only  compare  the 
advertising  of  that  day  with  the  splendidly  conducted  news- 
paper campaigns,  not  only  of  the  chain  stores,  like  Dow's,  of 
Cincinnati ;  May  Drug  Company,  of  Pittsburgh ;  Owl  Drug 
Company,  San  Francisco;  but  individual  druggists,  such  as 
A.  R.  Otis,  Kendalville,  Ind.;  Meyer  Bros.  Company,  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.;  W.  A.  Pierce,  West  Chester,  Pa.;  The  Axt 
Drug  Company,  Fort  Madison,  Iowa;  Boyson  Drug  Company, 
Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa;  M.  F.  Newcomer  &  Son,  Toledo,  Ohio; 
Dockum  Drug  Company,  Wichita,  Kan.;  Allen  &  Cochran, 
Ottawa,  Ont. ;  J.  D.  McKee,  Guelph,  Ont.  I  could  name 
dozens  of  other  druggists  who  have  found  that  advertising 
pays,  if  it  is  the  right  kind  of  advertising.  But  in  adver- 
tising the  retail  druggist  must  adopt  an  individual  policy  and 
adhere  to   it. 

The  advertising  of  retail  druggists  vividly  illustrates  their 
awakened  merchandising  instinct.  Most  of  the  copy  is  forceful 
and  convincing,  well  displayed,  and  presented  through  the 
best  available  medium.  Such  advertising  is  a  complete  refuta- 
tion of  the  charge  sometimes  made  that  the  passing  of  the 
ethical  idea  would  mean  the  passing  of  ethics,  in  the  other 
sense  of  that  word.  In  the  advertising  of  every  successful 
druggist  of  today  the  note  of  honesty  sounds  with  growing 
insistence.      The    advertising   has,    too,    a    distinct    educational 


150 


THE    PHAKAIACEDTICAL    ERA 


[April.  1914 


character.  "Reason-why"  copy  is  becoming  more  and  more 
the  rule.  The  old  impossible  claims  and  superlatives  have 
given  place  to  sane  argument.  Public  confidence  is  sought 
and  won  by  offering  merchandise  on   its  merits. 

This  is  equally  true  of  all  the  advertising  literature  dis- 
tributed by  the  progressive  druggist — circulars,  booklets,  fold- 
ers, almanacs,  bill-boards,  and  also  of  the  te.tt  matter  of  the 
labels  on  his  merchandise. 

Effects  of  National  Advertising'. 

The  big  national  advertising  campaigns  conducted  by  the 
manufacturers  of  leading  popular  articles  are  linked  up  with  the 
retail  distributors  by  means  of  artistically  arranged  window 
displays,  the  display  of  signs,  and  the  use  of  local  news- 
paper space  backing  up  the  national  campaign.  Even  where 
the  nationally  advertised  goods  are  sold  by  all  druggists,  this 
linking  up  with  the  campaign  is  profitable,  but  the  druggists' 
greatest  opportunity  to  benefit  by  advertising  of  national  char- 
acter comes  when  he  joins  one  of  the  great  co-operative  manu- 
facturing buying  and  selling  organizations,  for  whose  goods 
he  has  the  exclusive  agency.  For  then  all  the  business  created 
by  that  portion  of  the  national  advertising  done  in  his  locality 
comes  to  him,  and  in  backing  up  the  national  campaign,  he 
does  not  create  a  demand  which  his  competitors  can  supply. 

In  no  line  of  business,  perhaps,  does  advertising  prove  more 
productive  than  in  the  retail  drug  business.  Yet  it  is  only  a 
few  years  since  the  druggist  began  to  realize  his  opportunities 
in  this  direction.  While  the  druggist  remained  a  professional 
man,  he  had  few  incentives  for  advertising.  People  came  to 
him  because  they  had  to,  and  most  of  his  merchandise  was 
not  of  a  character  which  lent  itself  to  display,  either  in  type 
or  in  his  windows.  But  largely  as  a  result  of  dry  goods  store 
competition,  to  which  I  have  already  referred,  in  more  recent 
years,  the  druggist  has  been  obliged  to  add  side  lines  which 
could  be  advertised  profitably.  Of  course,  it  works  both  ways, 
and  one  could  as  soon  answer  the  question  "\Miich  came  first, 
the  hen  or  the  egg?"  as  to  say  whether  side  lines  stimulated 
advertising  or  the  reverse. 

First   Side   Lines. 

Probably  the  first  side  lines  in  early  pharmacy  were  tea, 
coffee  and  tobacco.  Tea  and  coffee  found  their  way  into  the 
grocery  store,  tobacco  into  the  tobacco  store.  Twenty-five 
years  ago  the  druggist  began  to  bring  tobacco  back,  and  since 
then  it  has  formed  a  more  independent  and  larger  department 
in  the  drug  store. 

Soda    Fountain. 

Twenty-five  years  ago  a  glass  of  soda  was  likely  to  be  an 
uncertain  quantity.  Today  the  use  of  pure  fruit  juices,  either 
umcolored  or  containing  harmless  coloring  matter,  is  made 
necessary  by  the  Pure  Food  and  Drug  Law  passed  in  1906. 
That  law  was  by  many  druggists  anticipated;  by  all,  or  prac- 
tically aU,  it  has  been  welcomed  and  gladly  obeyed.  It  has 
been  said,  and  not  without  reason,  that  the  splendid  fountain 
sen-ice  in  the  tj-pical  modem  drug  store  has  been  one  of  the 
biggest  factors  in  promoting  the  temperance  cause.  If  you 
doubt  it,  go  into  almost  any  big  city  store  at  the  noon  hour 
and  watch  the  crowd  of  clear-eyed,  keen-witted  business  men 
who  call  for  luncheonettes,  egg  or  milk  drinks,  or  ice-cream 
sodas,  which  are  ser\-ed  in  clean  glasses  by  immaculately  clad 
dispensers  who  know  their  business. 

It  is  no  wonder  that  the  soda  business  of  the  wide-awake 
druggist  increases  by  leaps  and  bounds.  The  gron-ing  demand 
for  sanitar>-  drinking  foimtains,  and  the  widespread  study  of 
hygiene  are  recognized  in  the  drug  store,  and  the  public  is 
glad  to  pay  the  price  of  perfect  service. 
Confectionery. 

One  of  the  most  successful  side  lines  ever  introduced  by 
retail  druggists  was  confectionery.  A  decade  ago  you  could 
buy  in  the  typical  drug  store  gum  drops,  peppermint  balls, 
molasses  sticks,  and  black  licorice.  Today  you  can  buy  boxed 
and  bulked  goods  in  limitless  varieties.  And  you  can  buy  them 
with  an  easy  mind,  for  they  are  made  imder  sanitary  condi- 
tions, in  clean,  light,  airy  factories,  this  "finickiness"  being 
partly  due  to  the  Pure  Food  and  Drug  Law,  but  more  than 
anything  else,  to  the  higher  ideal  of  public  service  which 
impells  the  retail  druggist,  almost  without  exception,  to  antici- 
pate laws  and  popular  demands,  and  to  give  the  buyer  more 
than  he  asks,  finding  his  reward  in  sers'ice  first  and  in  profit 
afterward. 

It  is,  perhaps,  impossible  to  place  the  date  of  the  first  candy 
department   conducted   by   retail   druggists,    but   doubtless   the 


honor  belongs  to  Boston,  or  at  least  New  England,  which  has 

been  for  so  long  a  time  the  center  of  the  confectionery  industry. 

Perfumes  and  Toilet  Articles. 

Perfumes  and  toilet  articles  have  always  been  part  of  the 
retail  druggist's  business.  In  the  large  cities  the  so-called 
"class  pharmacy"  did  a  very  large  business  on  imported  per- 
fumes, but  with  the  advent  of  the  department  store  in  these 
cities  the  perfume  and  toilet  goods  business  was  largely  re- 
moved from  the  drug  store  to  the  department  store.  In 
recent  years,  particularly  in  the  past  five  years,  I  have  noticed 
throughout  the  country  an  increasing  toilet  goods  business  in 
the  stores  of  progressive  merchants.  There  is  no  reason  why- 
the  druggist,  keeping  open  more  hours,  should  not  have  a 
larger  opportunity  for  the  sale  of  these  items  than  the  de- 
partment stores,  and  if  his  business  is  so  conducted  as  ta 
appeal  to  well  people,  the  ladies  will  use  the  store  as  a  shop- 
ping center.  And  when  a  druggist  secures  the  ladies'  trade,  it 
is  very  easy  to  take  back  what  rightfully  belongs  to  him — the 
toilet  goods  and  perfume  business. 

Optical  and  Photographic  Goods. 

Though  the  profit  is  large,  the  amount  of  business  rep- 
resented by  optical  goods  in  most  retail  drug  stores  is  such 
a  negligible  quantity  that  it  need  not  be  considered.  This 
is  not  the  case,  however,  with  photographic  supplies,  the  gross 
profit  of  which  averages  30%  or  more,  and  in  which  the 
volume  of  business  in  many  stores  is  very  large.  The  de- 
velopment of  amateur  photography  by  the  leading  manufac- 
turers who  have  placed  their  agency  with  retail  druggists  has 
been  a  great  stimulant  to  the  business.  In  addition  to  his 
sale  of  cameras,  the  druggist  makes  money  on  accessories,  and 
if  he  knows  when  he  is  well  off,  he  also  conducts  a  developing 
and  finishing  department,  thus  encouraging  amateurs  to  take 
more  pictures,  and  consequently  buy  more  films,  by  removing 
one  of  their  chief  troubles. 

Even  without  considering  the  actual  profit  it  unquestionably 
pays   to   sell    cameras   and   photographic   supplies,    because    it 
brings  into  the  store  people  who  can  spend  money  for  luxuries. 
Surgical   Instrvunents. 

While  there  is  a  comparatively  small  demand  for  surgical 
instruments  in  the  drug  store,  it  does  not  pay  any  druggist  to^ 
carry  them.  They  should  be  sold  by  the  specialty  store,  .\fter  a 
long  acquaintance  with  numerous  retail  druggists  who  conduct 
a  surgical  instrument  department,  I  am  convinced  that  if  an 
accurate  record  is  kept  of  the  investment  and  the  interest  on 
the  investment  in  such  a  department,  it  w^ill  appear  that  not 
a  dollar  has  ever  been  made  by  the  druggist  in  selling  surgical 
instruments. 

It  is  much  better  to  substitute  for  the  stirgical  department  a 
stationery  department.  The  stationery  department  at  the  pres- 
ent time  is  one  of  the  druggist's  most  rapidly  growing  side 
lines.  A  few  years  ago  the  average  drug  store  carried  a  few 
numbers  of  paper,  a  few  pencils,  and  a  few  pens.  Today  the^ 
up-to-date  merchandising  druggist  conducts  a  stationery  de- 
partment as  complete  as  that  of  the  average  department  store, 
and  often  more  up-todate.  Many  retail  druggists  tell  me 
that  stationer^'  is  one  of  the  most  easily  established  and  suc- 
cessful departments  they  have. 

Public  Service. 

For  the  same  reason  the  far-seeing  druggist  will,  when  pos- 
sible, maintain  in  his  store  a  telephone  booth.  He  will  sell 
stamps,  weigh  letters,  do  up  packages,  act  as  a  bundle  checker; 
he  will  often  maintain  a  telegraph  office,  serve  as  bill  collector 
for  gas  companies,  and  in  general  do  what  he  can  to  be  of 
real  service.  And  all  this  pays.  The  space  occupied  by  these 
various  activities  could  not  be  better  used,  and  the  service  ren- 
dered brings  to  the  store  people  who  while  comii^  with  no- 
intention  to  buy,  are  certain  to  make  an  excuse  for  so  doing, 
if  only  to  lessen  their  sense  of  obligation  to  the  druggist. 
The  Prescription  Department. 

The  general  feeling  among  druggists  is  that  the  prescription 
department  is  very  profitable.  My  knowledge,  based  upon 
figures,  is  that  it  is  not  such  a  profitable  department,  and  has 
not  been  profitable  for  the  past  10  years.  In  fact,  each  year 
it  becomes  less  and  less  profitable,  not  necessarily  in  all  stores, 
but  in  the  average  stores  throughout  the  United  States. 

There  was  a  time  when  60%   to  65%   gross  profit  cou'd  be        j 
made  in   the  prescription  business.  .  Today   it  is  very   difficult        ' 
to   get  43%,   ownng   to  the   fact^  that  many   prescriptions  are 
written    for    nothing    more    thaii'sjlch    established    proprietary 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


151 


articles,  as  Gude's  Peptomangan,  Fairchild's  Essence  of  Pep- 
sine,  etc.  The  day  of  compounding  has  gone  by,  and  it  was 
compounding  that  made  the  prescription  department  profitable. 
Those  retail  druggists  who  have  kept  prescription  costs  tell 
me  that  there  is  very  little  left  in  the  prescription  business, 
and  yet  it  is  a  department,  which,  if  properly  conducted,  re- 
quires a  heavy  investment. 

Old   Druggist  Passing. 

And  now,  what  is  the  ultimate  effect  of  this  diversification 
of  the  retail  druggists'  business?  Is  the  purely  prescription 
pharmacy  extinct  or  soon  to  become  so?  The  question — 
Could  a  druggist  confining  himself  to  a  prescription  business 
remain  in  existence  today  ? — is  sufficiently  answered  by  the 
experiment  conducted  in  New  York  a  few  years  ago.  A  purely 
prescription  pharmacy  was  opened  at  that  time,  and  though  a 
very  large  business  was  transacted  it  proved  unprofitable  with- 
out the  side  lines,  which  are  the  main  source  of  income  in  the 
merchandising  store. 

Has  the  so-called  ethical  druggist  passed  into  oblivion? 
To  this  question  I  think  the  answer  is  affirmative,  and  it  is 
unwise  to  harbor  vain  regrets.  In  a  retrospect  of  the  past  25 
years  I  can  see  many  characteristics,  many  elements  that  I 
would,  were  it  possible,  incorporate  in  the  modem  retail  drug 
store.  For  the  pioneers  in  this  business  were  splendid  work- 
ers, men  of  real  nobility,  who  thought  the  sacrifice  of  time 
and  money  and  all  that  made  life  worth  living,  a  small  price 
to  pay,  if  thereby  they  could  maintain  their  profession  at  the 
level  of  their  ideals.  They  won  public  confidence  by  the  in- 
tegrity of  their  character  and  their  fair  dealing.  They  have 
left  that  confidence  to  us  as  our  heritage. 

While  I  glory  in  the  wonderful  progress  that  is  being  made 
by  the  drug  merchants  of  today ;  while  I  believe  that  the  drug 
business  is  on  an  ascending  arc  of  evolution ;  while  I  see  ultimate 
good,  even  in  those  tendencies  which  others  deplore,  yet  I  am 
firmly  convinced  that  the  real  success  of  the  drug  business 
depends  not  upon  departmentizing,  the  solving  of  the  overhead 
problem,  frequent  turnovers,  advertising  and  all  the  rest  of  it, 
so  much  as  it  depends  upon  the  extent  to  which  we  prove 
worthy  of  our  heritage,  and  whether  or  not  we  give  it  into  the 
hands  of  our  successors  unsullied. 

(The  End) 


NOTE — This  noteworthy  contribution  to  the  literature  of 
drug-store  merchandising  was  begun  in  the  February  issue  of  the 
Era.  //  any  of  our  readers  have  failed  to  read  either  of  the 
earlier  instalments  we  would  earnestly  recommend  their  care- 
ful perusal,  since  they  are  authoritative,  helpful  and  dj 
unusual  interest. — Ed. 


Possible  Applications  to  the  Retail  Drug 

Business  from  the  Experience  of  the 

Bureau    of    Business    Research.* 


By  SELDEN  0.  MLiBTIN". 

MY  SUBJECT  tonight  is  "Possible  Applications  to  the 
Retail  Drug  Business  from  the  Experience  of  the  Bureau 
of  Business  Research,"  consequently  it  might  be  well 
for  me  to  give  you  a  brief  idea  of  just  what  the  experience  of 
this  bureau  has  been. 

The  Graduate  School  of  Business  Administration  at  Har- 
vard University  is  in  its  sixth  year  of  operation  in  its  work  of 
teaching  business.  In  its  third  year  it  came  to  the  conclusion 
that  more  precise  and  reliable  information  about  business  was 
necessary,  and  the  Bureau  of  Business  Research  was  estab- 
lished. The  field  of  business  covers  production — the  making 
of  things;  distribution — the  selling  of  things;  and  administra- 
tion— the  facilitating  of  the  making  and  selling  of  things. 
It  chose  at  once  the  field  of  distribution  in  which  to  work, 
because  of  the  fact  that  less  scientific  work  was  being  done  in 
distribution  than  in  production,  and  the  opportunity  for  work 
therein  consequently  seemed  greater ;  and,  furthermore,  frankly 
because  of  the  present  popular  interest  in  that  field  of  business. 

Without  giving  you  too  much  in  detail  the  evolution  of  its 
processes  of  selection,  I  would  say  that  finally  one  commodity 


*An  address  delivered  at  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy, 
March  17,  1914. 


was  chosen  about  which  to  learn  everything  about  its  distribu- 
tion, both  retail  and  wholesale,  and  by  mail,  and  all  the  varia- 
tions of  these  methods.  And  the  commodity  chosen  finally  was 
shoes,  as  being  a  commodity  not  so  complex,  for  example,  as 
a  commodity  like  hardware  or  a  commodity  like  drugs,  and 
yet  one  employing  all  the  modern  methods  of  distributing — the 
old  and  orthodox  method  from  the  manufacturer  to  the  whole- 
saler, from  the  wholesaler  to  the  retailer  and  from  the  retailer 
to  the  consumer;  the  more  modern  method  of  direct  from  the 
manufacturer  to  the  retailer,  or  direct  from  the  manufacturer 
to  the  consumer  through  his  own  stores,  or  direct  to  the  con- 
sumer by  mail.  There  are  also  the  problems  of  chain  stores, 
both  local  and  interstate,  in  the  shoe  business. 

JSarly  Work  Done  in  Two  States. 
The  retail  end  was  begun  with.  There  was  much  more 
friction  to  encounter  and  suspicion  to  overcome,  but  after  all 
the  retailer  occupies  a  position  between  the  consumer  and  the 
manufacturer  and  wholesaler  that  enables  him  to  get  a  point 
of  view  on  the  operations  of  both,  and  with  a  substantial  amount 
of  information  from  the  retailer  it  is  possible  to  get  informa- 
tion and  in  larger  quantities,  because  of  their  more  centralized 
operations,  from  wholesalers  and  manufacturers.  The  work 
was  begun  in  the  Summer  of  1911  in  Ohio  and  Wisconsin. 
After  retailers  had  been  satisfied  by  correspondence  and  through 
trade  papers  that  our  work  was  bona  fide  many  of  them  were 
vi'illing  to  help,  but  so  many  variations  in  bookkeeping  were 
encountered  tliat  it  was  difficult  to  make  full  use  of  their  help. 
Some  kept  their  books  in  one  way,  and  some  in  another ; 
some  charged  themselves  with  rent  when  they  owned  their  own 
stores,  and  some  did  not;  some  charged  themselves  with  a 
salary  for  their  time,  and  some  did  not;  some  kept  sufficient 
books,  and  some  kept  only  a  spindle  file  of  invoices.  Upon 
the  return  of  the  agents  from  their  field  work  in  the  Fall  of 
1911  it  was  very  evident  to  them  that  a  uniform  set  of  accounts 
was  necessary  before  information  from  which  important  deduc- 
tions could  be  made  could  be  obtained.  Preparation  of  that 
accotmting  system  was  at  once  initiated.  A  committee  com- 
posed of  successful  shoemen  and  eminent  accountants,  together 
with  members  of  the  school's  staff,  worked  upon  that  system 
and  finally  the  Harvard  System  of  .Accounts  for  Shoe  Retailers 
was  evolved,  correct  in  theory  and  practice. 

The  next  two  years  were  devoted  to  introducing  that  system 
into  the  shoe  trade.  So  successful  has  this  work  been  that  the 
finst  edition  of  the  system  was  put  out  of  print,  and  in  pre- 
paring the  new  edition  we  have  taken  the  opportunity  to  revise 
it  in  the  light  of  our  three  years'  experience  with  650  stores 
in  26  States.  It  now  looks  as  if  it  is  becoming  standard  in 
the  shoe  trade. 

Getting  the  Actual  Facts. 
Now,  important  as  this  system  is,  and  as  important  as  the 
influence  is  that  it  seems  to  be  exerting  in  the  shoe  trade,  it 
nevertheless  was  only  an  incidental  necessity  to  our  work — very 
important,  but  incidental.  Our  real  object  is  to  get  actual  facts 
about  business,  and  our  object  here  was  to  get  the  actual  facts 
about  the  distribution  of  shoes,  and  in  this  case  about  ■  the 
retailing  of  shoes.  The  accounting  system  was  devised  to  be 
sure  that  the  information  we  received  as  to  the  expense  of 
retailing  shoes  was  correct,  and  furthermore,  to  be  sure  that 
the  expense  item  of  A,  in  New  York,  could  be  compared  with 
the  expense  item  of  B,  in  Chicago.  Take,  for  example,  the 
expression  "selling  expense."  I  will  ask  anyone  in  this  audi- 
ence to  think  if  he  would  be  sure  of  what  anyone  meant  by 
"selling  expense"  without  further  definition  when  he  conversed 
with  him.  We  have  standardized  those  definitions.  For  ex- 
ample, under  selling  expense  we  have  first,  the  wages  of  the 
sales  force;  next  any  extra  payments,  bonuses,  commissions 
or  otherwise  made  to  the  sales  force;  next  advertising;  and 
finally  wrappings  and  miscellaneous  selling  expense.  We  have 
standardized  the  definition  of  each  one  of  those  terms  and  put 
them  in  a  pamphlet  with  an  index,  so  that  the  accountant, 
bookkeeper,  or  proprietor  can  look  in  that  index  and  know  in 
an  instant  as  to  exactly  where  such  an  item  belongs  in  selling 
expense,  or  not  in  selling  expense  at  all. 

This  was  not  all  we  wished  to  learn  about  shoes.  We  wished 
to  find  out  how  shoes  were  bought,  whether  from  the  whole 
saler  or  from  the  manufacturer,  whether  the  retailers  were 
tending  to  buy  from  more  or  fewer  manufacturers  or  whole- 
salers, whether  the  number  of  lines,  styles  and  sizes  which 
they  were  carrying  tended  to  increase.  We  wished  to  know 
what  the  fundamental  departments  of  their  sales  were  in  much 


152 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


tie  same  way  as  we  had  ascertained  and  established  funda- 
mental departments  for  their  expense. 

Analysis  of  Business  in  130  Stores. 

We  have  issued  Bulletin  No.  1,  on  page  14  of  which  we 
presented  highest  operating  expenses  and  lowest  operating 
expenses,  and  normal  operating  expenses  that  we  encountered, 
and  certain  permanent  divisions  of  those  expenses,  such  as 
sales  force,  advertising,  and  rent.  We  furthermore  presented 
figures,  which  appeared  from  our  analysis  of  the  businesses  of 
130  stores,  and  which  have  not  been  changed  in  any  sub- 
stantial degree  by  information  from  650  stores  since — figures 
that  should  be  standards  to  be  aimed  at.  For  example,  we 
found  the  percentage  of  rent  to  net  sales  ranging  from  1.8% 
to  H.o'"*',  but  a  marked  number  centering— not  averaging,  but 
centering  like  shots  about  a  bull's  eye — around  5%;  and  then 
a  more  efficient  group,  and  enough  of  them  to  indicate  that  it 
was  entirely  possible  to  attain  a  percentage  concentrating 
around  3%. 

Now,  what  is  the  concrete  application  of  this?  In  a  nut- 
shell it  is  this:  A  man  with  the  best  accounting  system — -and 
we  encountered  many  good  systems — may  know  exactly  where 
he  is  at,  but  he  does  not  know  where  he  ought  to  be  at.  For 
example,  suppose  a  shoe  retailer  finds  his  rent  to  amount  to 
7%  of  his  net  sales.  By  the  use  of  this  bulletin  he  knows 
that  it  should  be  as  low  as  5%,  and  that  it  is  not  impossible 
for  him  to  reduce  it  to  3%.  He  may  do  this  by  increasing 
his  sales  by  whatever  method  he  may  adopt,  or  by  changing 
his  location.  Similarly  with  his  sales  force.  I  have  in  mind 
now  a  certain  important  retailing  firm  in  Philadelphia  that  by 
the  use  of  our  figures  has  been  able  to  devote  its  attention  to 
reducing  the  percentage  of  its  sales  force  expense,  which  it  had 
not  previously  known  was  higher  than  normal.  Thus,  by  this 
method  is  the  individual  shoe  retailer  furnished  with  the  re- 
sults from  many  shoe  retailers  without  knowing  from  whom. 
We  find  ourselves,  for  the  collection  of  such  confidential  infor- 
mation, in  the  position  of  a  non-competing  and  trusted  third 
party. 

Stock-turn    and   Average    Sales. 

We  also  secured  some  surprising  results  as  to  stock-turn, 
the  number  of  stock-turns  per  year  ranging  from  1  to  3.6, 
with  a  normal  stock-turn  of  l.S  and  an  attainable  stock-turn 
of  2.5.  We  also  found  the  annual  sales  of  the  average  sales- 
person ranging  from  $5000  to  $16,500,  with  the  normal  annual 
sales  per  sales-person  in  cities  of  over  100,000  of  $10,000. 

We  have  now  secured  wholesaling  figures  showing  the  whole- 
saler's expense  by  departments  of  sales  force,  warehause 
charges,  advertising,  rent,  etc.  These  figures  have  not  as  yet 
been  published.  Before  we  leave  the  retailer,  however,  we 
wish  to  fiu'nish  him  with  a  stock-keeping  system,  and  for  this 
we  have  been  gathering  material  the  country  over. 

So  much  for  a  condensed  analysis  of  our  work  on  the  dis- 
tribution of  shoes,  with  especial  attention  to  the  retailing  of 
them.  We  have  a'so  made  preliminary  investigations  of  the 
retailing  of  hardware,  groceries,  and  clothing  in  Boston  and 
vicinity,  and  it  is  probable  that  we  shall  conduct  a  more  thor- 
ough investigation  of  one  or  all  of  those  commodities  in  the 
near  future. 

Application  to  the   Drug  Business. 

Now  what  are  the  applications  of  all  this  to  the  distribution 
of  drugs,  and  especially  to  the  retail  drug  business?  The  drug 
business  is  undoubtedly  complex.  I  say  this  frankly,  since  it 
has  already  been  suggested  to  the  bureau  that  we  make  a  study 
of  drugs  similar  to  that  which  we  have  made  of  shoes,  and  we 
have  demurred  until  such  time  as  we  had  more  plant  and  staff 
for  our  work.  The  inventory  of  one  drug  store  showed  over 
7000  kinds  of  stock,  mind  you,  not  articles,  but  kinds  of  stock. 
Hardware  has  nearly  as  complex  a  stock  as  the  drug  business. 
Some  of  its  plumbing  service  may  be  in  some  respects  com- 
pared to  the  prescription  service  of  the  drug  store,  in  nature 
at  least. 

As  we  have  worked  on  these  different  commodities  we  have 
been  struck  with  certain  things  in  common  in  the  experience 
of  the  retailers  of  commodities  apparently  so  different.  For 
example,  only  recently,  in  going  over  the  expense  statement  of 
a  retail  druggist  I  was  surprised  to  find  his  sales  force  expense 
rtmning  so  close  to  the  normal  sales  force  expense  of  the  shoe 
retailer.  His  was  8.3%,  and  I  find  in  our  table  here  that  the 
normal  sales  force  expense  of  the  shoe  store  in  a  city  of 
iOO.OOO  is  8%. 

The  applications  that  I   think  can  be  made   from   our  expe- 


rience I  have  divided  into:  1.  Departmentalization  of  receipts 
or  sales.  2.  Departmentalisation  of  expense.  First  as  to  the 
departmentalization  of  sales.  The  problem  of  establishing  de- 
partnunts  in  a  business  is  one  as  much  of  avoiding  too  many 
departments  as  of  establishing  them,  and  having  those  depart- 
ments fundamental.  For  example,  I  have  in  mind  one  drug 
store  that  maintains  its  soda  and  tobacco  in  separate  depart- 
ments, but  carries  its  prescriptions  and  proprietary  medicines 
in  one  department.  So  far  as  our  experience  goes,  I  would 
rather  have  tobacco  and  proprietary  medicines  together,  dis- 
similar as  those  commoditiLS  apparently  are,  than  to  have  pro- 
prietary medicines  combined  with  the  prescription  department. 
The  more  I  look  into  Uie  prescription  business  the  more  I  am 
impressed  with  its  analogy  to  the  repair  business  of  a  shoe 
store,  or  the  plumbing  business  of  a  hardware  store,  in  that 
not  only  is  merchandising  done  but  also  manufacturing,  so 
that  not  only  is  the  original  store  expense  incurred,  but  also 
a  manufacturing  expense.  In  shoes  we  have  found  stores  say- 
ing that  their  repair  department  yields  them  a  profit  of  15%, 
by  which  we  have  found  they  mean  gross  profit,  when  the 
expense  of  the  store  proved  to  be  22%,  so  that  they  were 
really  losing  some  7%  on  the  repair  business.  I  am  aware  of 
the  system  which  has  been  introduced  by  the  National  Asso- 
ciation of  Retail  Druggists  to  standardize  the  charges  for  pre- 
scriptions, by  the  metliod  of  charging  first  for  the  container, 
then  ior  the  material,  then  for  the  dispensing  fee,  based  accord- 
ing to  the  number  of  ounces,  the  first  ounce  being,  of  course, 
the  most  expensive.  This  is  in  accord  with  the  best  cost 
accounting  practice,  and  is  another  witness  of  the  progress  of 
scientific  mediods  in  distribution  as  well  as  in  production. 
What  Departments   in  a  Drug  Store? 

In  our  work  with  shoe  retailers  we  have  encountered  those 
selling  as  low  as  $12,000  a  year,  and  those  as  high  as  $800,000; 
the  latter  was  practically  a  shoe  department  store,  and  the 
former  was  conducted  by  a  man  and  his  wife.  In  the  drug 
business  the  same  range  of  stores  would  undoubtedly  be  en- 
countered. I  imagine,  however,  that  the  typical  business  con- 
sists of  a  proprietor  and  one  or  two  clerks,  doing  a  business 
of  from  $15,000  to  $20,000  a  year.  Let  us  then  find  what 
departments  we  would  apply  to  such  a  store,  departments  for 
which  it  would  be  advisable  to  have  at  least  a  departmentaliza- 
tion of  receipts  by  separate  cash  registers.  One  department, 
in  my  mind,  would  be  prescriptions,  because  of  the  absolutely 
different  character  of  the  department,  involving  the  time  of 
skilled  men.  The  other  department  that  I  should  make  would 
be  soda,  which  you  will  all  agree  is  essentially  different,  and 
the  balance,  such  as  proprietary  medicines,  tobacco  and  candy 
could  be  lumped  together,  because  most  of  it  is  in  package 
form  and  involves  simply  the  ordinary  selling  ability  akin  to 
the  selling  of  package  goods  elsewhere,  whether  in  grocery 
stores,  hardware  stores,  or  wherever  it  may  be.  As  the  store 
increases  in  volume  these  should  undoubtedly  be  separated  into 
a  department  for  tobacco,  a  department  for  proprietary  medi- 
cines, and  a  department  for  candy,  because  of  certain  differ- 
ences in  the  seasonal  character  of  the  business  and  certain 
differences  in  profit.  But  for  the  smaller  store  one  must 
balance  against  the  advantage  of  knowing  these  separate  de- 
partments the  expense  of  getting  this  knowledge,  which  ex- 
pense must  be  borne  by  a  comparatively  smaller  volume  of 
business. 

Certain  forms  of  expense  in  retailing  a  man  knows  with 
little  trouble,  such  as  rent,  and  insurance,  and  loss  from  bad 
debts.  Those  that  should  be  kept  separate;  here,  of  course, 
first  are  wages,  which  I  believe  even  in  a  small  store  should 
be  apportioned  at  least  once  in  six  months  between  buying, 
selling  and  managing;  buying  expense  includes  time  given  to 
examining  stock,  making  out  orders,  and  time  spent  with  drug 
travelers;  selling,  under  sales  force  expense,  includes  the  time 
given  to  selling,  showing  and  wrapping  the  goods,  and  adver- 
tising, practically  as  we  have  defined  it — newspaper,  circular 
and  display;  and  managing,  which  includes  office  supplies  and 
office  force,  if  any  are  employed.  The  proprietor  shou'd  not 
fail  to  charge  the  business  with  a  salary  equal  to  what  he 
would  receive  from  another  employer,  nor,  if  he  owns  the 
store,  should  he  fail  to  charge  his  business  with  a  rent  equal 
to  the  rent  another  would  pay  for  his  store. 

Sales  Force  Kecords  by  Individuals. 

Certain  other  important  items  that  I  believe  every  drug  store, 
no  matter  how  small,  should  have  are :  Records  of  its  sales 
force  by  individuals,  showing  the  sales  of  each  per  year,  and 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


153 


records  of  stock-turn.  A  certain  druggist,  with  whose  figures 
I  have  come  in  contact,  has  his  sales  force  selling  on  the  aver- 
age $8200  a  year.  Because  of  the  low  unit  of  sales  one 
would  not  expect  the  volume  of  sales  per  sales  person  to  be 
as  high  as  in  the  retail  shoe  trade,  not  within  $2000  of  it. 
I  have  in  mind  a  shoe  store  that  was  amazed  to  find  its  sales 
force  averaging  only  $7000  per  year,  when  they  realized  that 
other  shoe  stores  of  the  same  kind  and  volume  of  business 
had  sales  averaging  $10,000  per  year.  One  of  the  first  tests 
of  efficiency  of  any  shoe  store,  if  in  a  city  of  over  100,000,  is 
whether  its  sales  force  is  averaging  $10,000  per  year.  Our 
experience  with  clothing,  grocery,  and  hardware  retailers  shows 
that  the  same  average  could  be  applied  there,  and  I  have  no 
doubt  that   it  could  also  be  applied  in   the  drug  business. 

The  most  practical  way  to  obtain  stock-turn  is  your  average 
inventory  divided  into  the  cost  of  your  sales,  not  into  your 
sales.  Just  what  the  proper  turn-over  should  be  in  the  drug 
business  we  have  not  yet  accumulated  enough  data  to  state. 
I  should  imagine  that  it  would  be  lower  than  in  shoes,  because 
of  the  larger  variety  of  stock.  In  hardware,  which  has  a  very 
great  variety  of  stock  similar  to  drugs,  we  have  found  stock- 
turns  ranging  from  1  to  4.3.  The  average  seems  to  be  some- 
where between  2  and  2.5  per  year. 

Without  having  made  the  study  of  the  drug  business  that 
we  have  made  especially  of  the  shoe  business,  and  less  in- 
tensively of  clothing,  groceries,  and  hardware,  I  think  that  the 
foregoing  is  of  practical  application  to  the  retail  drug  business; 
and  if  it  is,  and  has  any  influence  toward  a  more  scientific 
conduct  of  any  of  your  businesses  in  the  future,  which  is  for 
the  public  interest  as  w'ell  as  for  your  interest,  I  shall  be  much 
gratified. 


Changes  in  the  New  Pharmacopoeia/ 


Condensed  Abstract  of  Proposed  Definitions  and  Standards 
Relating  to  Drugs  of  Vegetable  and  Animal  Origin  submitted 
by  the  Committee  of  Revision  for  incorporation  into  the  next 
edition  of  the  Pharmacopoeia. 

FOLLOWING  the  recommendations  of  the  United  States 
Pharmacopoeial  Convention,  the  Committee  of  Revision 
has  issued  a  second  abstract  of  proposed  new  descriptions 
and  standards  and  of  changes  in  description  and  standards  for 
incorporation  in  the  forthcoming  edition  of  the  Pharmacopoeia. 

This  abstract  is  designated  as  Part  II,  and  the  text  relates 
to  most  of  the  drugs  of  vegetable  and  animal  origin.  Below 
is  presented  in  somewhat  condensed  form  the  first  part  of  this 
important  contribution,  but  enough  is  given  to  clearly  indicate 
the  prominent  characteristics  and  trend  of  the  new  Pharma- 
copoeia in  so  far  as  they  may  relate  to  descriptions  of  drugs. 
One  strongly  noticeable  feature  is  the  specific  language  used 
in  the  descriptions,  in  the  case  of  certain  drugs  going  so  far 
as  to  name  the  limit  of  inert  matter  allowable,  as  for  instance 
the  quantity  of  stems  in  belladonna  leaves  shall  not  exceed 
10  per  cent.  Many  other  examples  might  be  cited,  but  this  is 
enough  to  show  that  the  new  Pharmacopoeia  will  more  than 
ever  be  a  book  of  standards,  and  as  such  will  have  a  most 
important  bearing  upon  the  importation  of  foreign  drugs. 
Another  important  innovation  is  the  introduction  of  microscopi- 
cal descriptions  and  tests  of  powdered  crude  drugs,  a  recogni- 
tion of  the  fact  that  this  is  the  commercial  form  in  which 
most  drugs  are  sold,  and  also  of  the  fact  that  the  average 
pharmacist  no  longer  powders  and  grinds  his  drugs,  even 
should  he  be  enough  of  a  manufacturing  pharmacist  as  to 
make  his  own  fluidextracts  and  tinctures. 

Of  the  new  drugs  noted  in  the  following  list  are  agar-agar 
and  condurango,  while  provision  is  made  for  all  of  the  com- 
mercial varieties  of  aloes,  Sumatra  and  Siam  benzoin,  and 
short  and  long  buchu.  The  descriptions  of  the  cinchonas  have 
also  been  modified  and  additional  tests  are  given.  Other 
noticeable  innovations  will  occur  to  the  reader  familiar  with 
the  present  Pharmacopoeia  on  perusing  the  condensed  abstract 
presented  herewith  and  to  be  continued  in  next  month's  Era. 


Acacia — The  air-dried  gummy  exudation  of  Acacia  Senegal 
Willdenow,  and  other  African  species  of  Acacia.  In  ovoid, 
more  or  less  spheroidal  tears  or  in  broken,  angular  fragments 


*Perniission  to  use  granted  by  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees,  United  States  Pharmacopoeial  Convention. 


from  2  to  30  mm.  in  diameter,  varying  from  whitish,  yellowish- 
white  to  light  amber-colored.  Slowly  and  almost  completely 
soluble  in  twice  its  weight  of  water,  the  solution  having  a 
slight,  characteristic  odor.  The  requirement  that  it  should  not 
reduce  alkaline  cupric  tartrate  V.S.  is  omitted.  Powder:  Not 
more  than  1  per  cent,  should  be  insoluble  in  water  (limit  of 
plant  tissues,  sand  and  dirt).  The  powder  should  contain  not 
more  than  15  per  cent,  of  moisture. 

.iconitum — Not  more  than  5  per  cent,  of  stem-bases  or  other 
foreign  matter  should  be  present.  More  or  less  conical  or 
fusiform,  from  4  to  10  cm.  in  length,  from  1  to  2  cm.  in 
diameter  at  the  crown ;  externally  dark  brown  or  grayish-brown, 
smooth  or  longitudinally  wrinkled,  the  upper  end  with  a  bud, 
remains  of  bud-scales  or  stem-scars,  the  other  portions  with 
numerous  root-scars  or  short  rootlets;  fracture  short,  horny  or 
somew-hat  mealy;  internally,  bark  light  or  dark  brown,  1  to  2 
mm.  in  thickness,  cambium  zone  usually  5-  to  8-angled,  with 
a  small  iibro-vascular  bundle  in  each  angle,  pith  whitish  or 
light  brown,  2  to  7  mm.  in  diameter;  odor  very  slight;  taste 
sweetish,  soon  becoming  acrid  and  developing  a  tingling  sensa- 
tion, followed  by  numbness.  Lender  the  microscope  transverse 
sections  made  near  the  middle  of  the  tuberous  root  show  an 
epidermis  replaced  by  a  layer  consisting  of  one  or  more  rows 
of  cells  with  blackish-brown  walls;  a  primary  cortex  of  8  to 
15  rows  of  parenchyma  and  characteristic  stone  cells,  occurring 
either  singly  or  in  small  groups ;  a  more  or  less  modified  endo- 
dermis;  a  secondary  cortex,  consisting  chiefly  of  starch-bearing 
parenchyma  and  interspersed  with  a  few  small  fibro-vascular 
bund'es;  a  more  or  less  star-shaped  and  characteristic  cam- 
bum  with  from  5  to  12  collateral  fibro-vascular  bundles;  and 
a  pith  composed  of  large  parenchyma  cells  filled  with  starch. 
Powder:  Grayish-brown;  starch  grains  numerous,  spherical, 
somewhat  plano-convex,  single  or  2-  to  5-compound,  the  indi- 
vidual grains  from  0.003  to  0.015  mm.  in  diameter  and  fre- 
quently with  a  central  cleft.    Ash  not  exceeding  6  per  cent. 

.Agar-Agar — The  dried  mucilag'nous  substance  extracted  from 
Gracilaria  (Sphaerococcus)  lichenoides  Greville  and  other 
miarine  algx  growing  along  the  eastern  coast  of  Asia,  particu- 
larly several  species  of  Gelidium  or  Gloiopeltis  (Class  Rhodo- 
phyceee).  Mostly  in  bundles  from  4  to  6  dm.  in  length,  con- 
sisting of  thin,  translucent,  membranous,  agglutinated  pieces 
from  4  to  8  mm.  in  width;  externally  yellowish-white  or 
brownish-white,  shiny;  tough  when  damp,  brittle  when  dry; 
odor  slight ;  taste  mucilaginous.  A  fragment  mounted  in  water 
and  examined  under  the  microscope  gradually  becomes  more 
transparent,  showing  a  granular  structure  and  a  few  diatoms, 
notably  the  frustules  of  Arachnoidiscus  Ehrenbergii  Baillon, 
which  are  disk-shaped,  from  0.100  to  0.200  mm.  in  diameter, 
and  also  fragments  of  the  spiculte  of  sponges;  upon  the  addi- 
tion of  iodine  some  of  the  granules  or  hyphal-like  portions  are 
colored  bluish-black.  Insoluble  in  cold  water,  slowly  soluble 
in  hot  water.  A  solution  made  by  boiling  0.100  gm.  of  agar- 
agar  in  100  cc.  of  water,  upon  cooling,  should  yield  no  pre- 
cipitate upon  the  addition  of  tannic  acid  T.S.  (gelatin)  and 
should  not  produce  a  blue  color  upon  the  addition  of  iodine 
T.S.  (starch).  One  part  of  agar-agar  boiled  for  about  10 
minutes  with  100  parts  of  water,  and  replacing  the  water  lost 
by  evaporation,  should  yield  a  stiff  jelly  upon  cooling.  Powder: 
Pale  buff;  when  mounted  in  water  and  examined  under  the 
m'croscope  it  shows  transparent,  more  or  less  granular,  striated 
angular  fragments.  In  some  mounts  occasional  frustules  of 
diatoms  are  present;  with  iodine  T.S.,  fragments  for  the  most 
part  are  colored  bright  red,  certain  more  or  less  definite  areas 
being  stained  bluish-black.     Ash  not   exceeding  5  per  cent. 

Aloe — Definition:  The  inspissated  juice  of  the  leaves  of  .A.loe 
Perryi  Baker,  yielding  Socotrine  Aloes;  or  Aloe  vera  (Linne) 
Webb,  yielding  Curacao  Aloes;  or  of  Aloe  ferox  Miller,  yield- 
ing Cape  Aloes  (Fam.  Liliacese).  Socotrine  Aloes:  In  yellow- 
ish-brown to  blackish-brown,  opaque,  or  smooth  and  glassy 
masses ;  fractured  surface  somewhat  conchoidal;  sometimes  soft 
or  semi-liquid ;  odor  aromatic  or  saffron-like,  never  fetid  or 
putrid ;  taste  nauseous,  bitter.  Not  less  than  50  per  cent,  of 
Socotrine  Aloes  should  be  soluble  in  cold  water,  the  solution 
being  of  a  yellowish  color.  Powder :  Very  dark  brown :  when 
mounted  in  one  of  the  fixed  oils  and  examined  under  the 
microscope  it  shows  yellowish  or  reddish-brown,  irregular,  or 
angular  fragments.  Upon  the  addition  of  nitric  acid,  it  yields 
a  yellowish  or  reddish-brown  solution.  Curacao  Aloes:  In 
orange  to  blackish-brown,  opaque  masses;  fractured  surface 
uneven,   waxy,   somewhat   resinous;   odor  characteristic  but   not 


154 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[Apro,,  1914 


aromatic  as  in  Socotrine  Aloes.  Not  less  than  60  per  cent,  of 
Curacao  Aloes  should  be  soluble  in  cold  water,  the  solution 
being  of  a  purplish-red  color.  Descriptions  and  tests  are  also 
given  for  the  several  varieties  in  powdered  form.  Ash  not 
exceeding  4  per  cent. 

Althaea — The  root  of  Altluea  officinalis  Linne  (Fam.  Mal- 
vaceie)  deprived  of  the  brown,  corky  layer  and  small  roots,  and 
caiefuUy  dried.  Root:  Usually  cut  into  small  pieces  about  S 
mm.  in  diameter,  of  a  uniform  grayisli-white  color  and  other- 
wise having  llie  characters  of  entire  roots,  etc.;  odor  slight; 
taste  sweetish,  mucilaginous.  Powder :  Whitish ;  starch  grains, 
numerous,  from  0.005  to  0.020  mm.  in  diameter,  usually  with  a 
long  cleft  at  the  point  of  origin  of  growth;  sclerenchymatous 
fibers  in  groups,  tlic  walls  being  quite  thick  and  more  or  less 
lignified;  tracliea;  with  scalariform  thickenings  or  with  bor- 
dered pores;  calcium  oxalate  crystals  few,  in  rosette  aggregates, 
0.020  mm.  to  0.030  mm.  in  diameter.  Add  1  gm.  of  Altha;a 
Root  to  10  cc.  of  cold  water,  allow  it  to  stand  with  occasional 
stirring,  and  filter  it  through  cotton ;  a  pale  yellow  colored 
mucilage  should  be  obtained,  which  should  be  neutral  to  litmus, 
and  colored  a  deep  yellow  on  the  addition  of  a  few  drops  of 
potassium  hydroxide  T.S.  The  mucilage  should  not  have  a 
sour  or  ammoniacal  odor.     Ash  not  exceeding  8  per  cent. 

Amygdala  Dulcis — Powder:  Creamy-white,  exhibiting  numer- 
ous very  small  oil  globules,  0.001  mm.  or  less  in  diameter,  larger 
oil  g'.obules  and  crystalloids,  the  latter  sometimes  with  adher- 
ing globoids;  fragments  of  parenchyma  of  endosperm,  contain- 
ing oil  globules  and  aleurone  grains;  also  occasional  fragments 
of  seed-coat  with  characteristic,  more  or  less  scattered,  large 
elliptical,  thin-walled,  strongly  lignified  epidermal  cells  and 
narrow,  closely  spiral  trachea.  Starch  grains  are  absent.  Ash 
not  exceeding  4  per  cent. 

Amylum — Taste  slight,  characteristic.  Residue  on  incinera- 
tion changed  from  "not  more  than  1  per  cent."  to  "not  more 
than  0.5  per  cent." 

Anisum — Definition  requires  the  dried  ripe  fruit  with  not 
more  than  3  per  cent,  of  foreign  seeds  and  other  vegetable 
matter.  Fruit :  The  cremocarp  broadly  ovoid  or  pyrifomi, 
laterally  compressed,  3  to  6  mm.  in  length,  2  to  3  mm.  in 
breadth;  mericarps  usually  cohering  and  attached  to  a  slender 
pedicel  2  to  12  mm.  in  length,  summit  with  a  ring-like  disk 
and  2  projecting,  diverging  styles;  externally  grayish  or  green- 
ish-gray, seldom  grayish-brown,  slightly  pubescent;  each  with 
five  light  brown,  filiform  ridges  and  in  cross-section  with  from 
15  to  45  vittse  or  oil  tubes;  odor  and  taste  agreeable  and 
aromatic.  Powder :  Yellowish-brown,  consisting  of  numerous 
irregular  fragments  of  pericarp  showing  portions  of  the  yellow- 
ish vitta;,  fragments  with  tracheae  and  sclerenchymatous  fibers 
of  carpophore;  cells  of  endosperm  filled  with  aleurone  grams, 
0.006  mm.  in  diameter,  each  usually  enclosing  a  rosette  aggre- 
gate crystal  of  calcium  oxalate  0.002  mm.  in  diameter;  non- 
glandular  hairs  1-celled,  from  0.025  to  0.200  mm.  in  length, 
either  straight  or  curved  and  with  numerous,  slight,  centri- 
fugal projections  on  the  outer  surface.  Ash  not  exceeding  10 
per  cent. 

Apocynum — The  dried  rhizome  and  roots  of  Apocynum  can- 
nabinum  Linne  (Fam.  Apocynaceae),  with  not  more  than  5 
per  cent,  of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Cylindrical,  some- 
what branched,  of  varying  length,  from  3  to  10  mm.  in  thick- 
ness; externally  reddish-brown  to  grayish-brown,  longitudinally 
wrinkled  and  occasionally  with  transverse  fissures,  having  ver- 
tical sides,  extending  through  the  bark;  fracture  short;  in- 
ternally, bark  light  brown,  1.5  to  3  mm.  in  thickness,  wood 
faintly  radiate  and  with  large  tracheje,  a  small  pith  occurring 
in  pieces  of  the  rhizome;  almost  inodorous,  taste  starchy, 
afterwards  becoming  bitter  and  somewhat  acrid.  Powder: 
Light  brown,  starch  grains  numerous,  from  0.003  to  0.015  mm. 
in  diameter,  spherical,  ellipsoidal,  ovate,  pyriform  or  more  or 
le^s  irregular,  sometimes  more  or  less  altered,  swollen,  and 
with  a  hyaline  central  cleft ;  numerous  fragments  of  strongly 
lignified  wood-fibers,  associated  with  trachea  mostly  having 
bordered  pores,  occasionally  with  spiral  thickenings;  fragments 
of  cork  layer  few.  the  walls  being  of  a  reddish-brown  color; 
an  occasional  fragment  with  laticiferous  tissues:  stone  cells  few 
or  absent.     (Apocynum  and   androsamifolium  Linne.) 

/4rHicc— Florets:  Consisting  chiefly  of  the  tubular  and  ligu- 
late  flowers,  occasionally  with  the  involucre  and  receptacle 
present;  involucral  bracts  narrowly  lanceolate,  about  1  cm.  in 
length,  dark  green  and  pubescent;  receptacle  slightly  convex, 
deeply  pitted  and  dcnse'y  short-hairy ;  ray  flowers  bright  yellow. 


the  ligulate  portion,  2  cm.  in  length,  more  or  less  folded 
lengthwise,  3-tootlied,  7-  to  12-veined,  pistillate;  tubular  flow- 
ers perfect,  reddish-yellow,  stamens  without  a  tail-like  ap- 
pendage (distinguished  from  anthers  in  flowers  of  Inula 
Helen  ium  Linne,  which  have  two  bristles  or  long  tails  at  the 
base).  Powder;  Yellowish-brown,  pollen  grains  numerous, 
front  0.025  to  0.035  nim.  in  diameter,  spherical,  triangular  in 
section  and  spinose;  non-glandular  hairs  of  three  kinds.  Ash 
not  exceeding  9  per  cent. 

Asafoetida — The  gum-resin,  obtained  by  incising  the 
rhizomes  and  roots  of  Ferula  Asafoetida  I>inne  and  Ferula 
fcctida  Regel  and  of  other  species  of  Ferula  (Fam.  Umbelli- 
fer;e)  indigenous  to  Persia  and  adjacent  countries,  yielding 
not  less  than  60  per  cent,  of  alcohol-soluble  constituents.  A 
soft,  putty-like  mass,  sometimes  almost  semi-liquid,  or  in 
irregular,  more  or  less  pliable  hard  masses  composed  of  agglu- 
tinated tears  of  variable  size  embedded  in  a  yellowish-brown 
or  dark  brown  matrix,  or  in  loose,  ovoid  tears,  from  1  to  4  cm. 
ill  diameter,  the  surface  being  sometimes  streaked  a  violet, 
yellowish-red  or  brownish-red  and  with  a  few  vegetable  frag- 
ments; when  fresh  the  mass  is  either  soft  or  tough,  becoming 
hard  and  occasionally  even  brittle  on  drying;  the  surface  of  the 
freshly  fractured  tears  is  milky-white  and  opaque,  changing 
gradually  to  a  pinkish  or  reddish-purple  or  even  reddish-brown 
on  exposure;  on  moistening  with  water,  the  tears  become  milky- 
white;  odor  persistent,  alliaceous;  taste  bitter,  alliaceous  and 
acrid.  Various  diemical  tests  are  given.  Ash  of  the  gum- 
resin  not  exceeding  15  per  cent.  Powder:  Powdered  asafetida 
may  be  prepared  by  drying  the  gum-resin  over  freshly  burnt 
lime  or  by  exposing  it  to  currents  of  warm  air  until  it  ceases 
to  lose  weight,  and  then  reducing  it  to  a  powder  at  a  low 
temperature.  Diluents  of  starch  or  magnesium  carbonate  may 
be  added  in  order  to  maintain  the  powdered  form.  The  color 
of  powdered  asafetida  is  light  brown.  Not  less  than  50  per 
cent,  should  be  soluble  in  alcohol.  Ash  of  the  powder  not 
exceeding  30  per  cent.  Assay:  Place  about  10  gm.  of  asafetida 
in  a  tared,  250  cc.  Erienmeyer  flask,  determine  the  exact 
weight  of  the  drug,  add  100  cc.  of  alcohol,  and,  having  con- 
nected the  flask  with  an  upright  condenser,  boil  the  mixture 
in  the  flask  during  one  hour  or  until  the  drug  is  disintegrated 
completely.  Then  transfer  the  contents  of  the  flask  to  two 
counterpoised,  plainly  folded  filters,  one  within  the  other,  so 
that  the  triple  fold  of  the  inner  filter  is  laid  against  the  single 
side  of  the  outer,  and  wash  the  flask  and  filter  with  con- 
secutive, small  portions  of  boiling  alcohol  until  the  washings 
no  longer  produce  a  cloudiness  when  dropped  into  water. 
Collect  and  reserve  the  mixed  alcoholic  solutions  and  dry  the 
filters  and  flask  to  a  constant  weight  at  a  temperature  of  about 
115°C.  Now  determine  the  weight  of  the  residue  on  the  filter 
and  in  the  flask  and  calculate  its  percentage  from  the  amount 
of  asafetida  originally  taken.  This  percentage  of  alcohol- 
insoluble  material,  when  subtracted  from  100,  will  give  the 
percentage  of  alcohol-soluble  constituents  contained  in  the 
asafetida. 

Aspidium — The  "uncomminuted  rhizome  and  stipes"  should 
be  collected  in  the  autumn,  freed  from  the  roots  and  dead  por- 
tions of  rhizome  and  stipes  and  dried  at  a  temperature  not 
exceeding  70° C.  Usually  with  the  blackish-brown  outer  layers 
removed;  rhizome  1  to  3  cm.  in  thickness,  cylindraceous  and 
nearly  straight,  or  curved  and  tapering  toward  one  end,  usually 
split  longitudinally,  roughly  scarred  with  remains  of  the  stipe- 
bases,  or  bearing  several  coarse  longitudinal  ridges  and  grooves, 
stipes  cylindrical,  3  to  5  cm.  in  length,  about  6  mm.  in  thick- 
ness, nearly  straight,  or  somewhat  curved,  tapering  toward  one 
end,  and  with  occasional  elongated  patches  of  the  still-adhering, 
blackish-brown  outer-layers;  fracture  short,  pale  green  in  the 
inner  half.  X^e  texture  rather  spongy,  and  exhibiting  in  an 
interrupted  circle  from  6  to  12  vascular  bundles,  each  sur- 
rounded with  an  endodermis;  odor  slight;  taste  sweetish, 
astringent,  bitter  and  acrid.     Ash  not  exceeding  3  per  cent. 

Aurantii  Amari  Cortex — Rind  from  "unripe"  fruit  of  Citrus 
Aurantium  amara  Linne.  In  narrow,  thin  bands  (ribbons),  or 
more  often  elliptical,  flattened,  more  or  less  curved  pieces 
(quarters),  varying  from  3  to  6  cm.  in  length;  odor  fragrant; 
ta.ste  aromatic  and  bitter.  Powder:  Yellowish-white  or  light 
brown ;  fragments  of  parenchyma  cells  numerous,  the  walls  from 
0.004  to  0.012  mm.  in  thickness;  few  fragments  of  tracheae  with 
close  spiral  markings  or  simple  pores;  occasional  membrane 
crystals  of  calcium  oxalate  in  monoclinic  prisms,  from  0.020 
to  0.035  mm.  in  diameter.     Powdered  bitter  orange  peel  should 


April,  191J:] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


155 


be  colored  yellowish  upon  the  addition  of  potassium  hydroxide 
T.S.     Ash  not  exceeding  7  per  cent. 

Aurantii  Dulcis  Cortex — The  outer  rind  of  the  fresh,  ripe 
fruit  of  Citrus  Aurantium  sinensis  Gallesio  (Fam.  Rutacefe). 
The  outer,  orange-yellow  layer  recently  separated  by  grating 
or  paring  and  consisting  of  epidermal  cells,  parenchyma  cells 
of  the  sarcocarp,  with  chromoplastids,  oil  reservoirs  and  globules 
of  volatile  oil;  odor  highly  fragrant;  taste  pungently  aromatic. 
Belladonnae  Folia — The  dried  leaves  and  tops  with  not  more 
than  10  per  cent,  of  stems;  usually  much  twisted  and  matted 
together;  leaves  much  crumpled,  when  soaked  in  water  and 
spread  out,  from  6  to  20  cm.  in  length,  4  to  12  cm.  in  breadth, 
broadly  ovate,  summits  acute,  margins  entire,  narrowed  into  the 
long  petioles;  upper  surfaces  brownish-green;  lower  surfaces 
grayish-green,  epidermis  more  or  less  papillose  and  slightly 
hairy;  flowers  with  yellowish-purple,  campanulate  corollas; 
fruits  globular;  fruits  dark  green  or  greenish-brown,  subtended 
by  a  dark  green  calyx,  and  with  numerous  small  seeds;  odor 
distinct,  heavy,  especially  on  moistening;  taste  somewhat  bitter 
and  acrid.  Stems  of  variable  length,  not  exceeding  7  mm.  in 
diameter,  longitudinally  wrinkled,  older  parts  smooth  and  usually 
hollow,  younger  parts  flattened  and  finely  hairy.  Powder; 
Dcrk  green,  consisting  of  irregular  fragments  of  leaf  tissues  and 
woody  elements,  calcium  oxalate  in  sphenoidal  micro-crystals; 
hairs  few,  the  non-glandular  being  simple  2-  to  S-celled,  and 
the  glandular  with  stalks  of  1  to  3  cells;  tracheae  with  annular, 
spiral,  scalariform  or  reticulate  thickenings  and  with  bordered 
pores ;  starch  grains  and  pollen  grains  few ;  occasional  frag- 
ments of  the  stems  of  belladonna  with  long,  thin-walled  and 
slightly  lignified  bast-fibres.  Raphides  should  not  be  present 
■(leaves  and  stems  of  Phytolacca  decandra  Lmne).  Ash  not 
exceeding  20  per  cent. 

Belladonnae  Radix — The  dried  root  with  not  more  than  10 
per  cent,  of  its  stem-bases;  cylindrical  or  somewhat  tapering, 
usually  split  into  longitudinal  pieces,  of  0.5  to  2.5  cm.  in  thick- 
ness; externally  pale  brownish-gray,  longitudinally  wrinkled, 
outer  layers  of  the  periderm  rather  soft,  frequently  abraded, 
and  thus  showing  lighter  patches;  fracture  nearly  smooth, 
mealy,  and  emitting  a  characteristic  puff  of  dust  consisting 
chiefly  of  starch  grains;  internally  whitish,  with  cambium 
zone  and  yellowish  wood  wedges;  nearly  inodorous;  taste 
sweetish,  afterwards  bitterish  and  strongly  acrid.  Chemical 
and  microscopical  tests  are  given.  Powder:  Light-brown; 
starch  grains  numerous,  from  0.003  to  0.030  mm.  in  diameter, 
spherical,  plano-convex,  polygonal,  and  2-  to  6-  or  more  com- 
pound; sphenoidal  micro-crystals  numerous,  from  0.003  to  0.010 
mm.  in  length ;  fragments  of  cork  cells  and  trachese  with  wood- 
fibres  few.  Occasional  fragments  of  stems  of  belladonna  show- 
ing long  thin-walled  and  slightly  lignified  bast-fibres.  Ash 
not  exceeding  7  per  cent. 

Benzoimim — A  balsamic  resin  obtained  from  Styrax  Benzoin 
Dryander,  and  other  species  of  Styrax  (Fam.  Styraceae)  grow- 
ing in  the  East  Indies,  and  known  in  commerce  as  Sumatra 
Benzoin  and  Siam  Benzoin.  Sumatra  Benzoin:  In  blocks  or 
lumps  of  varying  size,  made  up  of  tears,  compacted  together 
with  a  reddish-brown,  reddish-gray,  or  grayish-brown  resinous 
mass;  tears  externally  yellowish  or  rusty-brown,  milky-white 
■on  fresh  fracture;  very  hard,  becoming  so't  on  warming;  odor 
aromatic,  upon  digesting  with  boiling  water,  suggesting  the 
odor  of  cinnamic  acid  or  storax;  taste  aromatic  and  slightly 
acrid,  the  resin  gritty  on  chewing.  Not  less  than  75  per  cent. 
of  Sumatra  Benzoin  should  dissolve  in  alcohol;  the  alcohoric 
solution,  upon  the  addition  of  water,  should  become  milky  and 
give  an  acid  reaction  to  litmus.  Ash  not  exceeding  2.5  per 
cent.  Siam  Benzoin :  In  pebble-like  tears  of  variable  size, 
compressed,  yellowish-brown  to  rusty-brown  externally,  milky- 
white  on  fracture,  separate  or  very  slightly  agglutinated ;  frac- 
ture short;  odor  agreeable,  balsamic,  vanilla-like;  taste  slightly 
acrid,  the  resin  becoming  plastic  on  chewing.  Not  less  than 
90  per  cent,  of  Siam  Benzoin  should  dissolve  in  alcohol;  the 
alcoholic  solution  upon  the  addition  of  water  should  become 
milky  and  give  an  acid  reaction  to  litmus.  Ash  not  exceeciing 
2  per  cent.  Tests  which  apply  to  both  Sumatra  and  Siam 
Benzoin   are   given. 

Buchu — The  dried  leaves  of  Barosma  betulina  (Thunberg) 
Bartling  and  Wendland,  known  in  commerce  as  short  buchu; 
or  of  Barosma  serratifolia  (Curtis)  Willdenow,  known  in 
commerce  as  long  buchu  (Fam.  Rutacese),  with  not  more  than 
10  per  cent,  of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Short  buchu : 
Rhomboidally   oval   or   obovate;    from   9    to  25   mm.   in   length 


and  4  to  13  mm.  in  breadth;  summit  obtuse,  and  recurved; 
margin  somewhat  serrate  or  finely  dentate  with  an  oil  gland 
at  the  base  of  each  tooth;  the  base  more  or  less  wedge-shaped; 
yellowish-green,  some  being  light  brown;  glandular  punctate; 
both  surfaces  papillose,  under  surface  longitudinally  striate; 
petiole  1  mm.  in  length;  texture  coriaceous;  odor  and  taste 
characteristic,  aromatic  and  mint-like.  Long  buchu :  Linear- 
lanceolate,  2.5  to  4  cm.  in  length,  4  to  6  mm.  in  breadth, 
summit  somewhat  rounded  or  truncate  with  an  oil  gland  at 
the  apex;  margin  sharply  serrate  and  glandular,  otherwise  re- 
sembling short  buchu.  Stems  in  both  short  and  long  buchu 
about  1  mm.,  in  diameter,  yellowish-green  or  brownish-red, 
cylindrical,  longitudinally  furrowed,  with  prominent  leaf-scars 
nearly  opposite  to  each  other  and  giving  the  stems  a  jointed 
character.     Ash  not  exceeding  4  per  cent. 

Calumba — In  circular  or  oval  disks  attaining  a  diameter  of 
9  cm.  and  seldom  exceeding  22  mm.  in  thickness,  or  in  longi- 
tudinal or  oblique  slices  attaining  a  length  of  30  cm.,  a  breadth 
of  35  mm.  and  a  thickness  of  16  mm.;  externally  brown  and 
roughly  wrinkled ;  cut  surface  varying  from  yellowish-brown  to 
grayish-yellow,  with  a  few  interrupted  circles  of  fibro-vascular 
bundles,  the  transverse  slices  distinctly  radiate  in  the  outer 
portion  and  with  a  dark  cambium,  central  portion  often  de- 
pressed; fracture  short,  mealy;  odor  slight;  taste  slightly 
aromatic,  very  bitter.  Powder:  Greenish-brown  to  grayish- 
yellow;  starch  grains  numerous,  mostly  single;  stone  cells  few 
with  irregularly  thickened,  strongly  lignified,  coarsely  porous 
walls  and  containing  one  or  more  prisms  of  calcium  oxalate 
0.010  to  0.030  mm.  in  length  or  numerous  sphenoidal  micro- 
crystals.  Ash  not  exceeding  8  per  cent. 
(To  be  continued) 


Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacy.    V. 


THE     DISCOVERY     OF     OXYGENATED     WATER. 
(HYDROGEN"    PEROXIDE.) 

LOUIS  JACQUES  THfiNARD,  the  discoverer  of  hydro- 
gen peroxide,  was  one  of  the  best  known  of  the  French 
school  of  chemists  who  contributed  so  largely  to  science 
during  the  first  two  decades  of  the  last  century.  A  pupil  of 
Fourcroy  and  Vauquelin,  he  became  a  professor  in  the  College 
de  France  at  the  age  of  27,  and  the  successor  of  Vauquelin 
at  the  Sorbonne.  In  1810  he  succeeded  Fourcroy  as  a  member 
of  the  Academy.  It  was  before  the  latter  body  that  the  re- 
markable memoirs  on  hydrogen  peroxide  were  read.  The 
articles  are  to  be  found  in  the  Annales  de  Chimie  et  de 
Physique,  8,  306;  9,  51,  94,  314,  441;  10,  114,  335;  11,  85, 
208;  50,  80   (1818,  1819,  1839). 

Thenard  did  his  work  so  thoroughly  that  with  a  very  slight 
modification  the  method  he  employed  for  making  peroxide  of 
hydrogen  is  in  use  100  years  later. 

The  first  report  of  his  experiments  is  entitled:  "Observations 
on  some  new  combinations  betw'een  oxygen  and  different 
acids,"  read  before  the  Academy  July  27,  1818. 

"It  is  in  treating  peroxide  of  barium  with  acids  that  I  have 
succeeded  in  making  these  new  combinations,  which  for  the 
most  part  are  very  remarkable,  and  worthy  of  fixing  the  atten- 
tion of  chemists. 

"The  first  that  I  have  observed  is  that  which  nitric  acid 
can  form  with  oxygen.  If  one  moistens  peroxide  of  barium, 
prepared  by  saturating  baryta  with  oxygen,  it  breaks  up,  falls 
into  a  powder,  and  becomes  slightly  heated.  If,  in  this  state, 
it  is  diluted  with  7  or  8  times  its  weight  of  water,  and  if  one 
gradually  pours  on  it  dilute  nitric  acid,  it  dissolves  easily  on 
shaking,  without  any  gas  being  set  free,  so  that  the  solution  is 
neutral,  or  without  action  on  litmus  or  turmeric.  By  then 
adding  to  this  solution  a  suitable  quantity  of  sulphuric  acid, 
there  is  produced  an  abundant  precipitate  of  sulphate  of 
baryta,  and  the  filtered  or  decanted  liquid  is  merely  water 
charged  with  oxygenated  nitric  acid. 

"Subjected  to  the  action  of  heat,  it  is  not  slow  in  disen- 
g-ging  oxygen;  but  its  decomposition  is  only  complete  if  it  is 
maintained  at  boiling  for  some  time;  it  fol'ows  from  this  that 
it  will  be  difficult  to  concentrate  it  by  heat  without  altering  it. 
The  only  means  by  which  I  have  succeeded  consists  in  placing 
it  in  a  capsule,  under  the  receiver  of  an  air  pump,  placing 
under  this  receiver  another  capsule  full  of  lime,  and  evacuating 


156 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[April,  1914 


to  about  10  or  12  centimeters.  I  have  thus  obtained  an  acid 
concentrated  enough  to  give,  on  distilling  it,  11  times  its 
volume  of  ox>gen  gas,  while  previously  it  gave  at  most  one 
volume  and  a  halt. 

"Guided  by  the  preceding  experiments,  I  also  examined  the 
action  of  liquid  hydrochloric  acid  on  the  deutoxide  of  barium. 
I  confess  that  I  believed  there  would  result  water,  chlorine, 
and  a  hydrochlorate  of  baryta;  it  was  entirely  otherwise:  I 
obtained  oxygenated  hydrochloric  acid,  which  I  isolated  by 
means  of  sulphuric  acid." 

As  we  now  know,  Thenard  was  in  possession  of  solutions 
of  hydrogen  peroxide  containing  large  amounts  of  nitric  and 
hydrochloric  acids.  His  idea  of  the  state  of  combination  of 
the  oxygen  is  evidently  somewhat  analogous  to  our  modem 
views  regarding  the  various  "per-"  acids.  But  his  concepts  of 
chemical  composition  were  still  vague;  he  apparently  made  no 
dear  distinction  between  changes  in  concentration  and  changes 
in  composition,  as  is  shown  by  his  next  experiments.  In  a 
second  paper,  entitled  "New  Obser%ations  on  Oxygenated 
Acids  and  O.xides,"  read  on  Sept.  14,  1818,  Thenard  recorded 
his  attempts  to  prepare  a  more  concentrated  o.xygenated  hydro- 
chloric acid.  Starting  with  the  dilute  solution  prepared  as 
above,  he  added  silver  sulphate,  which  precipitated  the  hydro- 
chloric acid  and  left  a  solution  of  oxygenated  sulphuric  acid. 
Then  a  small  amount  of  hydrochloric  acid  was  added,  less 
than  before,  and  the  sulphuric  acid  was  removed  by  barium 
hydroxide.  Thus  all  the  o-icygen  originally  present  was  thought 
to  have  been  forced  to  combine  with  less  acid  than  before,  or, 
in  other  words,  the  degree  of  oxygenation  of  the  acid  was 
increased.  The  fact  that  a  gradual  increase  was  possible 
proves  that  the  "oxygenated  acids"  were  not  true  chemical 
compounds,  as  no  gradual  change  in  composition  is  possible 
with  compounds — it  must  take  place  in  definite  stages. 

Thenard  also  found  that  silver  oxide  decomposed  his  new 
substances,  instantly  setting  free  all  the  oxygen.  On  this  fact 
he  based  a  eudiometric  method  of  assay. 

An  important  statement  follows,  foreshadowing  certain  work 
which  was  to  prove  that  the  acids,  as  such,  had  nothing  to  do 
with  the  combinations  of  oxygen  in  his  solutions.  "I  have 
already  made  several  attempts  to  know  if  o.xygenated  acids 
could  take  up  more  oxygen  if  they  contained  more  acid,  or  if 
the  water,  by  its  amount,  did  not  have  some  influence  on  the 
greater  or  less  oxygenation  of  the  acid.  My  triab  have  not 
yet  permitted  me  to  solve  this  question  completely." 

The  effect  of  many  metallic  substances  is  described  in  a 
third  communication,  under  date  of  Oct.  5,  1818.  Silver,  gold, 
silver  oxide,  gold  chloride,  mercuric  oxide,  and  lead  and  man- 
ganese dioxides  were  studied.  It  was  found  that  violent 
effer\escence  took  place  when  these  bodies  were  brought  in 
contact  with  a  solution  of  an  oxygenated  acid,  and  that  in 
some  cases  the  metallic  oxides  were  reduced.  Finely  divided 
silver  was  shown  to  be  tmchanged  after  the  oxygen  was  set 
free  from  the  solutions.  When  the  oxygenated  acids  were 
neutralized  with  caustic  potash,  Thenard  believed  that  the 
salts  in  solution  were  also  oxygenated,  but  he  found  that  these 
neutral  or  alkaline  solutions  were  much  less  stable  than  the 
acids  themselves.  On  adding  silver  oxide  to  an  oxygenated 
nitrate,  "the  oxide  sets  free  oxygen  still  more  rapidly  than 
silver;  it  is  decomposed  and  reduced;  the  silver  is  entirely  pre- 
cipitated, and  one  finds  in  the  liquid  only  the  ordinary  neutral 
nitrate  of  potash.  Now,  in  these  decompositions,  the  chemi- 
cal action  is  evidently  zero;  we  must  therefore  attribute  them 
to  a  physical  cause;  but  they  are  not  dependent  on  heat  or 
light;  whence  it  follows  that  they  are  probably  due  to  elec- 
tricity." This  hypothesis,  advanced  as  an  explanation  of  the 
now  well-known  catalytic  effects  of  the  metallic  substances 
employed  by  Thenard,  shows  remarkable  insight  into  the  nature 
of  the  phenomena  he  had  before  him. 

In  a  fourth  treatise,  entitled  "Observations  on  the  Influence 
of  Water  in  the  Formation  of  Oxygenated  .-Vcids,"  Thenard 
attacks  the  problem  referred  to  above.  "I  have  shown,  in  my 
first  research  on  oxygenated  acids,  that  on  bringing  silver  oxide 
in  contact  with  oxygenated  hydrochloric  acid,  all  the  o.xygen 
of  the  latter  was  set  free  instantly;  and  that,  on  the  contrary, 
all  remained  in  the  liquid  if,  in  place  of  silver  oxide,  I  used 
tl.at  oxide  united  with  sulphuric,  nitric,  phosphoric  or  fluoric 
acid,  etc.  What  conclusion  should  be  drawn  from  these  ex- 
periments? That  the  oxygen  can  unite  with  acids  through  the 
intermediation  of  water,  and  that  it  did  not  unite  to  water 
alone;  for,  if  this  latter  union  was  possible,  why  should  it  not 


have  taken  place  as  the  hydrochloric  acid  was  being  destroyed 
by  tlie  silver  oxide?  But  it  is  evident  that  this  manner  of 
reasoning  can  no  longer  appear  exact,  since  I  have  demonstrated 
that  oxide  of  silver,  silver,  and  many  other  substances  had 
the  property  of  producing  chemical  changes  by  a  purely  physi- 
cal action.  New  researches  must  therefore  be  made  to  assure 
ourselves  whether  water  alone  is  not  susceptible  of  being, 
oxygenated. 

"At  first  I  took  some  o.xygenated  hydrochloric  acid,  and 
added  gradually  some  oxide  of  silver,  so  that  the  acid  was 
completely  destroyed,  without  having  any  excess  of  oxide ;  each 
time  that  I  added  oxide  there  was  produced  a  very  marked 
effervescence,  and  as  a  result  the  filtered  liquor,  that  is  to  say, 
the  water,  retained  no  o.xygen. 

"I  then  attempted  the  o.xygenation  of  water  by  o.xygenated 
sulphuric  acid  and  baryta.  To  this  end  I  gradually  poured 
baryta  water  into  oxygenated  sulphuric  acid,  taking  care  to 
agitate  the  liquid  constantly.  When  I  approached  the  satura- 
tion point,  I  noted  that  the  effervescence,  which  up  till  then 
had  not  been  noteworthy,  became  very  lively,  and  the  sulphate 
of  baryta  was  precipitated  in  flakes.  I  finished  the  saturation 
as  soon  as  possible  and  filtered.  I  obtained  a  liquid  containing 
neither  sulphuric  acid  nor  baryta;  at  least  it  did  not  precipitate 
with  nitrate  of  barium,  nor  with  sulphuric  acid.  Nevertheless, 
it  contained  much  oxygen.  Evaporated  to  dryness,  it  left  only 
a  scarcely  appreciable  residue,  which  had  probably  no  influ- 
ence on  the  oxygenation  of  the  liquid.  The  water,  accordingly, 
appears  capable  of  being  o.xygenated,  and  I  know  already  that 
it  can  take  up  more  than  6  times  its  volume  of  oxygen. 

"O.xygenated  water,  placed  in  a  vacuum,  does  not  give  up 
the  oxygen  which  it  contains;  it  becomes  concentrated,  and 
finally  vaporizes.  Plunged  in  a  freezing  mixture,  it  congeals 
without  changing,  while  it  loses  all  its  o.xygen  at  a  heat  o£ 
100°.  Brought  in  contact  with  silver  oxide,  it  reduces  it  im- 
mediately, while  giving  up  its  own  o.xygen,  so  that  the  effer- 
vescence is  very  considerable. 

"But  if  the  water  is  capable  of  being  oxygenated,  do  oxy- 
genated acids  really  exist?" 

This  question  is  negatived  by  all  of  Thenard's  subsequent 
work.  The  remaining  articles  on  hydrogen  peroxide  tell  of  his 
endeavors  to  saturate  water  with  oxygen.  At  first  he  describes 
a  solution  containing  41  times  its  own  volume  of  oxygen, 
obtained  by  concentrating  a  solution  under  the  air-pump. 
Then  the  ratio  was  raised  to  120  volumes.  "At  what  point 
will  the  absorption  of  oxygen  stop?  Will  it  be  when  the  oxy- 
ger.  is  equivalent  to  one-half  of  that  in  the  water,  or  to  the 
whole  of  that  in  the  water?"  A  sixth  communication  informs 
us  that  a  concentration  of  400  volumes  of  oxygen  has  been 
reached.  This  solution,  "placed  on  the  skin,  soon  attacks  the 
epidermis,  bleaches  it,  and  causes  violent  prickling  for  some 
time.  It  has  a  taste  which  seems  to  be  at  the  same  time 
astringent  and  bitter,  and  which  is  a  little  like  emetic." 

Finally,  a  paper  read  on  March  29,  1819,  describes  the 
achievement  of  his  purpose.  "I  have  succeeded  in  saturating 
water  with  o.xygen.  The  quantity  it  is  then  found  to  contain 
is  850  times  its  volume*  or  double  that  which  belongs  to  it. 
In  this  condition  it  possesses  very  special  properties;  the  most 
remarkable  are  the  following: 

"Its  density  is  1 .453 ;  thus,  when  it  is  poured  into  unoxy gen- 
ated  water  it  is  seen  to  flow  through  that  liquid  like  a  kind 
of  syrup,  although  it  is  very  soluble  in  it.  It  attacks  the 
epidermis  almost  at  once,  bleaching  it,  and  producing  a 
prickling,  the  duration  of  which  varies  according  to  the  layer 
of  liquid  applied;  if  this  layer  is  too  thick,  or  if  it  is  renewed, 
the  skin  itself  may  be  attacked  and  destroyed.  *  *  *  In 
addition  to  silver  oxide,  there  are  many  oxides  which  act 
violently  on  oxygenated  water;  such  are  peroxide  of  manganese, 
of  cobalt,  the  oxides  of  lead,  platinum,  palladium,  gold,  iridium, 
etc.  A  number  of  finely  divided  metals  likewise  give  rise 'to 
this  phenomenon.  I  have  again  had  occasion  to  recognize  very 
plainly  that  acids  render  oxygenated  water  more  stable.  Finely 
divided  gold  acts  with  great  force  on  pure  oxygenated  water, 
and  nevertheless  it  is  without  action  on  that  containing  a  little 
sulphuric  acid." 


*850  is  the  figure  given  in  the  first  account  of  this  saturated 
solution.  A  subsequent  correction  states  that  616  volumes  of 
oxygen  were  found.  This  is  somewhat  short  of  saturation,  as 
about  650  volumes  are  required.  The  specific  gravity  of  pure 
hydrogen  peroxide  has  since  been  found  to  be  1.4996. 


April,  \9U] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


157 


THE  LATEST  FROM  EUROPEAN"  LABORATORIES. 


Pure    Distilled    Water — Test    for    Synthetic    Methyl 

Salicylate — Detection   of  Caramel — Examination 

of   Cacao   Butter. 

BARLADEAN,  who  has  been  agitating  the  necessity  for 
using  distilled  water,  in  ampules,  etc.,  absolutely  free 
from  any  objectionable  impurities,  suggests  two  com- 
paratively simple  methods  by  which  the  pharmacist  can  pre- 
pare such  water.  Umney  gives  a  test  for  synthetic  oil  of 
wintergrecn,  which  is  said  to  be  very  reliable,  distinguishing 
between  oil  of  wintergreen,  oil  of  birch,  and  the  artificial 
product.  A  method  for  separating  strychnine  from  quinine, 
using  the  salicylate  procedure,  is  given.  An  article  by  Manz 
reviews  the  present  forms  in  which  vanadium  is  used  in  phar- 
macy. Patein,  after  a  careful  study  of  the  effects  of  calomel, 
believes  that  there  is  no  danger  of  the  formation  of  mercuric 
chloride  in  the  stomach,  unless  for  some  reason  the  gastric 
juice  can  become  alkaline,  and  that  the  purgative  action  of 
calomel  is  not  due  to  a  partial  decomposition  in  the  stomach. 
Examination  of  Cacao  Butter — 

The  determination  of  the  melting  point  is  accurate  only  if 
the  melted  fat  is  allowed  to  harden  in  the  capillary  tube  for  at 
least  three  days.  Freezing  temperature  is  not  necessary  for 
hardening,  but  10°  should  be  maintained.  The  directions  of 
the  D.  A.-B.  V  will  not  give  accurate  results.  The  addition 
of  30  per  cent,  of  cocoanut  oil  does  not  affect  the  melting  point 
much,  but  20  or  25  per  cent,  of  tallow  can  be  shown,  as  well 
as  2  per  cent,  of  white  wa.x,  or  even  1  per  cent,  of  carnauba 
wax,  which  raises  the  melting  point  to  about  37°.  The  ether 
test  is  not  very  sharp  in  detecting  the  presence  of  tallow, 
especially  when  the  temperature  is  a  little  high  (lS°-20°). 
At  the  latter  temperature  20  per  cent,  of  tallow  can  scarcely 
be  detected  with  certainty.  If  the  temperature  is  maintained  at 
from  15°  to  17°,  the  test  is  much  sharper.  Still  more  accurate 
is  Filsinger's  alcohol-ether  test.  Two  g.  of  fat  are  melted  in 
a  graduated  tube  and  shaken  with  6  cc.  of  a  mixture  of  4  parts 
of  ether  and  1  part  of  alcohol,  and  allowed  to  stand  at  room 
temperature.  Pure  cacao  butter  gives  a  permanently  clear 
solution.  By  keeping  the  temperature  carefully  between  15° 
and  17°,  5  per  cent,  of  tallow  may  be  detected.  Bjorklund's 
test  is  most  sensitive.  Three  g.  of  fat  are  heated  to  18°  with 
6  cc.  of  ether,  in  a  closed  test  tube.  If  wax  is  present,  the 
liquid  is  turbid.  If  the  solution  is  clear,  it  is  placed  in  ice 
water  at  0°,  and  the  time  observed  in  which  a  turbidity  forms. 
Tallow  causes  a  turbidity  before  10  minutes,  while  pure  cacao 
butter  requires  10  or  15  minutes.  Grossly  adulterated  cacao 
butter  is  rarely  met  with  at  present.  (Bohrisch  and  KiJrschner, 
Pharm.  Zentralhalle,  1914,  p.  191.) 
Preparation  of  Pure  Distilled  Water — 

Water  free  from  any  objectionable  impurities  may  be  obtained 
by  the  following  methods,  the  first  being  preferable:  A  10-  or 
15-liter  flask  is  filled  with  the  middle  runnings  of  ordinary 
distilled  water,  and  made  slightly  alkaline  with  potassium  or 
sodium  hydroxide.  Enough  permanganate  is  then  added  to 
produce  a  violet  or  deep  red  color.  The  mixture  is  allowed  to 
stand  about  six  months  in  sunlight.  The  clear  water  is  then 
carefully  siphoned  into  the  distilling  flask,  and  distilled,  the 
first  and  last  quarters  being  rejected,  and  the  middle  portion 
being  received  in  a  hard  glass  or  platinum  vessel.  This  dis- 
tillate is  then  acidified  with  an  acid  sulphate,  to  retain  am- 
monia, and  again  distilled.  The  middle  runnings  are  taken 
as  before,  and  contain  no  volatile  or  solid  impurities.  The 
second  method  consists  in  treating  carefully  distilled  water 
with  permanganate  to  redness,  adding  2  or  3  drops  of  strong 
sulphuric  acid,  allowing  to  stand  several  days,  boiling  for  a 
short  time,  and  allowing  to  settle.  The  siphoned  liquid  is  then 
slowly  distilled,  the  first  and  last  runnings  being  rejected.  The 
distillate  is  next  treated  with  barium  hydroxide,  and  distilled 
as  before.  In  regard  to  the  use  of  Jena  glass,  the  author 
states  that  this  variety  becomes  more  and  more  insoluble,  the 
longer   it    is   in   contact   with   hot   water,    and    that    a    point   is 


reached  when  it  can  be  said  to  be  practically  insoluble.  Im- 
purities in  the  air  of  the  work-room  must  be  eliminated,  and 
smoking  is  above  all  to  be  avoided.  (Barladean,  Miinch.  Med. 
Wochschr.,   1913,  No.  29.) 

Detection  of  Cai-amel — 

As  is  well  known,  oxymethyl-furfurol  gives  characteristic 
reactions  with  resorcin-hydrochloric  acid,  beta-naphthol-sul- 
phuric  acid,  and  phenol-sulphuric  acid.  But  since  certain  sam- 
ples of  overheated  honey  gave  the  same  reactions,  and  as 
caramelization  had  probably  taken  place  in  the  heating,  Schenk 
thought  it  likely  that  the  above-mentioned  tests  could  be  used 
for  detecting  caramel  in  general.  The  coloring  matter  or  solu- 
tions are  shaken  with  ether,  which  is  evaporated,  and  the  tests 
applied  to  the  residue.  The  phenol-sulphuric  acid  test  is  very 
sharp,  and  valuable  for  confirmation.  The  ether  extract  is 
treated  in  a  porcelain  dish  with  10  drops  of  a  5  per  cent, 
ethereal  solution  of  phenol,  and  5  cc.  of  concentrated  sulphuric 
acid  are  added  after  evaporation.'  An  orange-yellow  color  is 
produced  by  caramel.  Caramel  in  brandy,  wine  and  vinegar 
is  easily  detected,  even  in  very  small  amount.  Fifty  cc.  of  a 
liquid  colored  pale  yellow  with  caramel  were  concentrated  on 
the  water  bath  to  a  few  cc,  shaken  with  ether,  and  the  test 
carried  out  on  the  residue.  The  reaction  followed  at  once. 
In  concentrating  weak  solutions,  care  must  be  taken  to  prevent 
the  formation  of  furfnrol  products  from  carbohydrates  already 
in  solution.  (Schenk,  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  202.) 
Poisoning  with  Oil  of  Cedar — 

A  serious  case  of  poisoning  with  oil  of  cedar  is  recorded 
from  Canada,  where  a  woman  nearly  lost  her  life  through 
taking  a  teaspoonful  of  the  oil  in  order  to  induce  abortion. 
When  seen  by  the  author  the  patient  presented  the  comatose 
aspect  of  profound  alcoholic  intoxication.  The  odor  of  the 
vcmit  having  indicated  the  nature  of  the  poison,  the  stomach 
was  washed  out,  and  the  patient  recovered.  The  misuse  of 
the  oil  for  this  purpose  and  its  toxic  properties  should  put 
pharmacists  on  their  guard  (Jobin,  Bull.  Med.  Quebec,  through 
Pharm.  J.) 
Test  for  Methyl  Salicylate — 

In  an  editorial  note,  the  Pharmaceutical  Journal  reprints  the 
following  test,  suggested  by  the  Perfumery  and  Essential  Oil 
Record,  for  added  methyl  salicylate  in  oil  of  wintergreen :  To 
5  drops  of  the  oil  in  a  test  tube  add  5  drops  of  a  5  per  cent, 
alcoholic  solution  of  vanillin,  and  1  cc.  of  alcohol.  Shake  well, 
and  add  2  cc.  of  concentrated  sulphuric  acid  and  mix  thor- 
oughly. Typical  samples  of  oil  of  Gaultheria  procumbens 
give  an  intense  crimson  color,  oil  of  Betula  lenta  a  deep  blood- 
red,  doubtful  samples  a  reddish-brown  color,  while  synthetic 
methyl  salicylate  gives  a  yellow  color.  The  shade  of  color 
will  allow  one  to  distinguish  between  pure  oils  and  those  which 
are  grossly  adulterated,  but  it  cannot  yet  be  said  that  the  test 
may  be  made  a  colorimetric  one. 
Destruction  of  Organic  Matter — 

A  retort  of  Jena  glass  is  used,  with  a  volume  at  least  4 
times  that  of  the  material  to  be  oxidized.  Add  a  mixture  of 
equal  parts  of  concentrated  nitric  and  sulphuric  acids,  equal  in 
cc.  to  the  weight  of  the  material  in  g.  Dry  substances  should 
be  made  into  a  paste  with  water.  Place  the  neck  of  the 
retort  under  the  hood,  and  all  inconvenience  from  fumes  is 
avoided.  After  the  reaction  in  the  cold  has  subsided,  heat 
over  an  asbestos  gauze  with  a  small  flame.  Introduce  into  the 
tubulure  a  sihall  stemless  funnel,  of  such  size  as  just  to  admit 
the  stem  of  a  dropping-funnel,  the  latter  preferably  provided 
with  a  bulb  below  the  stopcock.  Add  nitric  acid  through  the 
funnel,  which  should  reach  to  within  5  mm.  of  the  bottom  of 
the  retort.  Regulate  the  temperature  and  flow  of  acid  so  that 
charring  is  prevented.  A  clear  brown  liquid  results.  Stop  the 
addition  of  nitric  acid,  and  heat  until  a  colorless  liquid  is 
obtained.  From  250  g.  of  material  only  a  few  cc.  of  solution 
are  formed,  the  sulphuric  acid  being  removed  by  evaporation. 
For  the  arsenic  te.'it,  the  liquid  is  diluted,  and  boiled  to  destroy 
nitrosyl-sulphuric  acid.  One  liter  of  milk  was  oxidized  in  6 
hours,   using   400   cc.   of   acid.     Various  solid   materials   were 


158 


THE    PIIAKJIACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


destroyed  in  from  3  to  6  hours,  taking  from  50  to  250  g.  of 
the  substance.  (Kerbosch,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  p.  15S.) 
Adulteration  of  Saffron — 

The  detection  of  substances  such  as  flour,  barium  sulphate, 
sodium  carbonate,  and  sodium  nitrate,  is  comparatively  simple, 
and  the  presence  of  lliese  bodies  in  commercial  saffron  is  be- 
coming rare.  A  microscopical  examination  is  necessary  to  de- 
tect vegetable  substances  with  characteristics  resembling  those 
of  saffron.  In  some  cases  the  fraud  is  very  difficult  of  detec- 
tion. One  of  the  most  useful  chemical  tests  depends  on  the 
reaction  of  the  coloring  matter,  crocin,  a  glucoside,  and  con- 
centrated sulphuric  acid.  A  blue  coloration  is  at  first  formed, 
but  it  changes  rapidly  to  a  red-brown  and  red-violet,  which 
disappears  in  12-24  hours  if  allowed  to  stand  where  the  acid 
can  absorb  moisture.  Dilute  acid  containing  60  per  cent. 
sulphuric  acid  does  not  produce  the  color.  The  blue  color 
may  be  made  permanent  by  use  of  phosphomolybdate.  Pre- 
pare a  solution  of  sodium  phosphomolybdate  (10-20  per  cent.) 
by  dissolving  the  salt  in  water  and  adding  5-10  per  cent,  of  a 
mineral  acid.  Take  about  0.1  g.  of  sample,  place  upon  a 
watch  glass  or  in  a  porcelain  capsule,  add  a  few  drops  of 
reugent  and  stir  with  a  glass  rod.  The  same  test  may  be  used 
microscopically.  The  fact  that  the  reagent  is  more  active  after 
it  has  aged  is  explained  by  assuming  a  gradual  dissociation  of 
the  phosphomolybdic  acid.  (Verda,  Mitt.  Lebensm.  Hyg.,  1913, 
p.  222;  through  C.  A.) 
Vanadium  and  Its  Pharmaceutical  Uses — 

\'anadium  forms  a  number  of  compounds  with  oxygen,  of 
which  two  give  valuable  salts:  First,  vanadic  anhydride,  VjOj, 
used  as  such  or  in  metallic  salts;  second,  a  basic  oxide 
VO(OH),  which  forms  salts  with  acids.  The  therapeutic  uses 
of  vanadium  are  not  very  wide  at  present,  which  is  in  part 
due  to  a  scarcity  o.  material,  and  partly  to  our  lack  of  knowl- 
edge of  the  properties  of  the  compounds.  However,  a  number 
of  combinations  are  now  employed.  Among  them  is  a  prepara- 
tion containing  vanadic  oxide,  blood  salts,  hemoglobine,  and 
peptone  from  muscular  albumen.  Vanadioform  is  a  surgical 
powder,  containing  oxides  of  zinc  and  of  vanadium.  Vana- 
darsine  is  a  solution  containing  vanadium  and  arsenic.  Vana- 
dozone  consists  of  vanadic  oxide,  perhaps  with  dermatol. 
Citrozone  is  an  effervescent  powder,  with  citrate  of  sodium  and 
a  small  amount  of  vanadium  pentoxide.  Nervone  is  citrozone 
with  10  per  cent,  of  lithium  bromide.  Urosyline  is  citrozone 
with  10  per  cent,  of  quinic  acid,  and  is  used  in  gout.  Ox-y- 
dasine  consists  of  2  volumes  of  glycerol  with  1  volume  of  a 
solution  containing  one-half  per  cent,  oi  vanadium.  The 
ethers  of  orthovanadic  acid  may  also  be  used  for  the  prepara- 
tion of  analogous  substances.  (Manz,  Pharm.  Ztg,,  1913, 
p.  901.) 
New  Test  for  Peru  Balsam — 

One  drop  of  balsam  of  Peru  is  shaken  thoroughly  with 
about  5  cc.  of  petroleum  ether,  then  about  half  of  the  mixture 
poured  away,  and  5  cc.  of  ether  mixed  with  the  remainder; 
sulphuric  acid  is  then  added,  drop  by  drop,  shaking  vigorously 
after  each  drop,  and  adding  not  more  than  10  or  15  drops  in 
all.  Genuine  Peru  balsam  gives  a  beautiful  violet  to  corn- 
flower blue  co!or  in  the  lower  layer,  increasing  in  intensity. 
Most  artificial  Peru  balsam  gives  either  no  color  or  quite 
different  shades.  The  author  considers  that  genuine  and 
factitious  samples  can  only  be  differentiated  by  the  use  of 
many  quantitative  and  qualitative  tests,  and  that  the  examina- 
tion of  this  article  should  include  the  determination  of  the 
acid  and  saponification  values,  percentage  of  cinnamein  and 
its  saponification  value,  and  the  tests  with  carbon  disulphide 
and  petroleum  ether  as  given  in  the  Swiss  Pharmacopoeia. 
(Dieterich,  Ber.  d.  Pharm.  Ges.,  1913,  p.  622;  through  Pharm. 
J.) 
Action  of  Ferments  in  the  Plant — 

Reviewing  the  very  numerous  and  important  results  brought 
to  light  in  the  last  three  years  regarding  the  action  of  emulsin, 
etc.,  on  sugars,  alcoho's  and  glucosides,  the  authors  show  that 
these  studies  considerably  elucidate  the  role  of  these  sub- 
stances in  the  vital  processes  of  nutrition  in  the  plant.  The 
same  ferment  has  been  shown  to  be  capable  of  both  hydrolysis 
and  synthesis  of  glucosides.  In  neither  case  is  the  process 
complete.  The  action  is  greater  in  proportion  to  the  mass 
reacting,  and  in  vitro  an  equilibrium  is  reached,  indicated  by 
the  cessation  of  hydrolysis.  But  the  least  modification  in  the 
amounts  of  glucose  or  g'.ucoside  starts  the  enzyme  action  in  one 


direction  or  other.  It  is  hence  easy  to  understand  how,  in  the 
active  living  cell,  equilibrium  is  never  attained.  For  instance, 
glucose  formed  is  consumed  by  the  growing  tissues  of  the  plant 
during  germination  or  active  vegetation.  The  same  ferment 
which  builds  up  the  store  of  glucoside  is,  at  the  proper  time, 
thj  agent  of  its  destruction.  In  the  laboratory  this  removal  of 
glucose  may  be  accomplished  by  yeast,  and  the  whole  of  the 
glucose  acted  on  by  the  enzyme  may  be  used  up.  These  proc- 
esses are  much  more  complex  in  the  plant  than  the  simple 
example  given  above.  Other  ferments  are  simultaneously  per- 
forming sjTithetic  and  hydrolytic  actions,  and  forming  other 
compounds  which  interfere  with  the  equilibrium.  (Bourquelot 
and  Bridel,  Compt.  rend.,  1914,  p.  206;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Estimation  of  Strychnine  With  Quinine — 

The  mixed  alkaloids  are  obtained  in  the  usual  way,  by 
extracting  with  ether-chloroform,  acid,  and  ammonia.  After 
weighing,  they  are  dissolved  in  50  cc.  of  10  per  cent,  sulphuric 
acid.  Five  cc.  of  potassium  ferrocyanide  solution  (4  per  cent.) 
are  run  in  drop  by  drop,  stirring  well,  and  the  mi.xture  set 
aside  for  a  few  hours.  The  precipitate  is  filtered  on  a  small 
filter  and  washed  slightly  with  a  few  cc.  of  sulphuric  acid. 
It  is  then  washed  into  a  small  separator  by  means  of  10  cc. 
of  dilute  ammonia  water  and  a  spritz  bottle,  and  extracted  three 
times  with  chloroform.  The  shakings  are  placed  in  another 
separator,  and  extracted  with  three  portions  of  20  per  cent, 
sulphmric  acid;  then  the  precipitation,  etc.,  is  repeated  until 
the  chloroform  extracts  are  obtained.  Evaporate  the  solvent 
carefully,  dry  the  strychnine  and  weigh.  To  obtain  the  quinine 
unite  the  two  filtrates,  make  up  to  250  cc,  and  estimate  the 
quinine  in  an  aliquot  part.  About  0.1  g.  of  alkaloids  should 
be  present  in  the  beginning.  (Simmonds,  Analyst,  1914,  p.  81.) 
Aether  pro   Narcosi — 

According  to  recent  investigations  of  Herzog,  ether  for 
anesthesia  should  never  be  packed  in  bottles  with  an  unpro- 
tected cork.  Impurities  in  the  Cork  pass  into  the  ether  much 
more  rapidly  than  is  suspected.  These  impurities  may  be 
detected  by  the  potassium  hydroxide  test,  which  consists  in 
placing  a  few  freshly  broken  fragments  of  that  reagent  in  a 
quantity  of  the  ether  contained  in  a  stoppered  cylinder.  Alde- 
hyde, vinyl  alcohol,  and  cork  extractives  are  shown  by  the 
color  developed,  the  first  two  slowly  giving  a  yellow  color  to 
tlie  potash,  while  browTiish  spots  appear.  The  third  impurity 
colors  the  alkali  yellow  in  a  short  time.  A  much  sharper  test 
for  aldehyde  and  vinyl  alcohol  is  with  Nessler's  reagent,  which 
reveals  the  merest  traces.  Cork  extractive,  on  the  other  hand, 
gives  no  very  characteristic  reaction.  The  nature  of  the  sub- 
stance causing  the  yellow  color  is  not  known.  At  any  rate, 
vanillin  does  not  give  the  color.  (Herzog,  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914, 
p.  68.) 
Action  of  Eeagents  on  Calomel — 

From  an  extended  chemical  and  physiological  study,  Patein 
draws  the  following  conclusions:  Hydrochloric  acid  alone  does 
not  attack  calomel;  in  the  presence  of  o.xygen,  traces  of  mer- 
curic chloride  are  formed.  Alkaline  chlorides  may  also  give 
unweighable  traces.  Chlorides  or  lactates  already  in  solution 
do  not  change  calomel,  and  those  formed  by  adding  alkali  to 
an  acid  solution  act  only  when  alkalinity  is  reached.  In  that 
case  two  kinds  of  products  result,  some  soluble  in  water,  and 
others  in  dilute  hydrochloric  acid.  The  gastric  juice  must  first 
become  alkaline,  and  then  must  again  become  acid  in  order  to 
dissolve  the  decomposition  products.  In  vitro,  in  the  presence 
of  a  large  excess  of  ammonia,  ammonium  chloride  seems  to 
increase  the  proportion  of  soluble  mercuric  compounds  formed 
from  the  calomel.  Sodium  chloride  protects  calomel  against 
the  decomposing  action  of  sodium  carbonate.  Animals  which 
had  ingested  calomel  with  sodium  chloride  gave  a  normal' 
purgation,  without  any  toxic  symptoms.  The  purgative  action 
of  calomel  cannot  be  attributed  to  a  partial  decomposition  in 
the  stomach.  When  administered  in  gluten  globules  which  are 
insoluble  in  the  gastric  juice,  a  reliable  purgative  effect  is 
obtained.  (Patein,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  p.  113.) 
Water-Soluble  Petroleum  Mixture — 

If  petroleum  is  shaken  with  terpineol,  and  the  solution 
treated  with  triolein  and  caustic  potash  in  excess,  the  reaction 
mixture  is  soluble  in  alcohol,  and  gives  a  clear  liquid  when 
diluted  with  water.  The  reaction  takes  place  in  a  few  minutes, 
and  no  boiling  is  necessary.  Other  fatty  oils  may  be  used ; 
the  best  are  those  rich  in  olein.  The  solutions  are  said  to  have 
valuable  bacteriocidal  properties.  (Doenhardt,  Pharm.  Ztg., 
1913,  p.  266). 


April.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


159 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
an*  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department  from   non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if    not    out    of   print,    may    be    obtained    for   25    cents    each. 


National  Boards  of  Pharmacy. 

(H.R.B.) — The  active  members  of  the  National  Association 
of  Boards  of  Pharmacy,  as  given  in  the  last  volume  of  pro- 
ceedings of  that  organization,  are  the  boards  of  pharmacy  in 
the  following  States:  Alabama,  Arkansas,  Arizona,  Connecti- 
cut, Delaware,  Florida,  Georgia,  Idaho,  Illinois,  Indiana,  Iowa, 
Kansas,  Kentucky,  Maine,  Maryland,  Massachusetts,  Midiigan, 
Missouri,  Nebraska,  New  Mexico,  North  Dakota,  Oklahoma, 
South  Dakota,  Tennessee,  Texas,  Utah,  Vermont,  Virginia, 
West  Virginia  and  Wisconsin.  For  information  concerning 
sample  examination  questions  used  by  the  Maryland  Board  of 
Pharmacy  we  suggest  you  correspond  with  Ephraim  Bacon, 
secretary,  30th  and  Calvert  streets,  Baltimore. 


Lice    on   Poultry. 
(J.B.M.) — The  following  formulas  taken  from  the  new  edi- 
tion of  the  Era  Formulary  have  been  recommended  for  making 
powders  for  the  extermination  of  lice  on  poultry : 

(1) 

Sulphur     4  ounces 

Tobacco  dust    6  ounces 

Cedar  oil    '/i  ounce 

White   hellebore,   powdered 4  ounces 

Crude   naphthol    1  ounce 

Powdered  chalk,  enough  to  make 2  pounds 

(2) 

Sulphur   1  ounce 

Carbolic   acid    J4  ounce 

Crude   naphthol    1  ounce 

Powdered  chalk    1  pound 

(3) 

Sublimed  sulphur   20  pounds 

Fullers'   earth    8  pounds 

Powdered   naphthalin    2  pounds 

Liquid  carbolic  acid yi  ounce 

Mix  thoroughly  and  put  up  in  half-pound  tins  or  boxes. 
For  use,  sprinkle  about  the  nest. 

Some  poultry  raisers  state  that  as  a  rule  powders  are  not  as 
effective  as  a  wash  would  be,  a  work  on  veterinary  medicine 
recommending  that  the  fowls  be  washed  daily  with  wormwood 
boiled  in  water,  the  coop  to  be  sprinkled  with  the  infusion. 
Another  remedy  is  to  dust  into  the  feathers  sawdust  moistened 
with  petroleum  ether  (benzine),  or  carbolic  acid.  The  hen- 
house should  be  whitewashed  with  a  solution  of  lime  to  which 
a  little  carbolic  acid  has  been  added.  To  remove  lice  from  the 
coops,  try  the  foUow-ing: 

Crude  carbolic  acid,  1  fl.  ounce;  water,  15  fl.  ounces.  Wash 
the  woodwork  with  this  mixture  and  sprinkle  in  nests  and  on 
the  floor. 

Analgesic  Balm. 
(T.B.A.) — As  we  understand  it,  the  "analgesic  balm"  for 
the  relief  of  rheumatic,  neuralgic,  gouty  and  other  pains,  put 
out  by  various  manuf?cturers,  is  a  remedy  in  ointment  form 
containing  menthol,  methyl  salicylate,  camphor  or  similar  com- 
binations. A  formula  for  a  preparation  of  this  character  ap- 
pears in  the  British  Pharmaceutical  Codex  under  the  name 
"compound  methyl  salicylate  ointment,"  or  "analgesic  oint- 
ment," which  is  as  follows : 

Methyl   salicylate    10  ounces 

Menthol    2  ounces 

Eucalyptol    Vi  ounce 

Oil   of   cajuput %  ounce 

White  beeswax 3-)4  ounces 

Hydrous   wool   fat 3 J4  ounces 


Mix   the   wool   fat   with    the    me.ted    beeswax,    gradually    in- 
corporate the  menthol  and  liquids,   previously  mixed  by  tritu- 
ration, and  stir  until  cold.     The  quantities  given  are  by  weight. 
An  "analgesic  paste,"   which  may   be  put  up   in  collapsible 
tubes,  is  the  foUow-ing: 

Methyl  salicylate    S  ounces 

Menthol    1   oz.  262i/$  gr. 

Stearic   acid    1  oz.  262i^  gr. 

Sodium   carbonate    54  grains 

Glycerin    92  minims 

Distilled  water,  a  sufficient  quantity. 
Melt  the  stearic  acid  on  a  water-bath,  add  the  sodium  car- 
bonate dissolved  in  tlie  glycerin  and  300  minims  of  distilled 
water,  stir  until  effervescence  ceases,  heat  until  a  clear  liquid 
is  obtained,  and  make  up  the  weight  to  6  ounces  175  grains 
with  warm  distilled  water;  pour  the  mixture  into  a  wide- 
mouthed  bottle  containing  the  methyl  salicylate,  in  which  the 
menthol  has  been  dissolved;  shake  until  a  creamy  product  is 
obtained  and  transfer  to  collapsible  tubes. 

A  liniment  of  similar  remedial  effect  is  this  one : 

Menthol    1  ounce 

Oil  of  eucalyptus  2  fl.  ounces 

Essential  oil  of  camphor 5  fl.  ounces 

Methyl  salicylate,   enough  to  make 20  fl.  ounces 

Dissolve  the  menthol  in  the  liquids.  This  liniment  is  miscible 
with  either  spirit  or  oil,  and  is  used  to  paint  over  rheumatic 
joints  or  neuralgic  areas,  the  parts  being  covered  subsequently 
with  flannel  or  gutta-percha  tissue. 


Powdered  Insecticides  for  Plants. 
(J.B.M.) — The  most  common  insecticide  in  powdered  form 
for  most  small  shrubs  is  white  hellebore,  preferably  diluted 
with  from  5  to  10  parts  of  flour  and  dusted  on  the  plants 
through  a  muslin  cloth  or  with  a  powder  bellows.  Various 
arsenical  compounds — Paris  green,  London  purple,  lead  arse- 
nate, etc.,  are  similarly  diluted  and  applied  in  dry  form,  the 
character  of  the  diluent  and  the  particular  degree  of  dilution 
depending  upon  the  kind  of  insects  and  plants  to  which  the 
mixture  is  to  be  applied.  But  for  an  all-round  insecticide  for 
mi.ny  of  these  pests  there  is  nothing  more  effective  or  safe 
than  kerosene  emulsion  or  the  well-known  Bordeaux  mixture, 
formulas  for  which  are  given  at  length  in  the  new  edition  of 
the  Era  Formulary. 


Preparation  of  Carbolated  Lime. 

(S.G.) — A  typical  formula  for  preparing  carbolated  lime  is 
that  recommended  by  M.  Proskauer  (A. Ph. A.  Proceedings,  1897, 
page  667),  which  is  as  follows:  Triturate  S  parts  of  crude 
carbolic  acid  and  10  parts  of  gypsum  together ;  the  mixture  is 
then  carefully  mixed  with  80  parts  of  calcium  hydrate  and 
spread  out  in  thin  layers  in  the  air  until  it  becomes  red,  w-hen 
it  4s  preserved  in  well-closed  vessels.  The  so-called  "phenated 
lime,"  said  to  be  largely  used  in  Russia  as  a  disinfectant  under 
the  name  "chaux  phenique,"  is  prepared  by  thoroughly  slaking, 
three  parts  of  lime  with  five  parts  of  water  and  adding  under 
constant  stirring  and  in  small  portions,  2  parts  of  gas  tar. 
The  yellowish-brown  mass  thus  produced  is  mixed  with  water 
and  used  in  liquid  form. 

These  formulas  serve  to  call  to  mind  the  mixture  of  "carbolic 
acid  clay"  recommended  by  the  late  Dr.  C.  O.  Curtman  many 
years  ago  for  destroying  parasitic  insects  upon  plants  and  for 
disinfecting  purposes.     It  is  made  as  follows : 

Clay   in  powder 80  parts 

Impure  carbolic  acid 20  parts 

Mix  thoroughly. 

For  disinfecting  purposes  cresol  combinations  have  largely 
superseded  the  use  of  carbolic  acid;  in  fact,  most  of  the 
"carbolic"  powders  of  commerce  contain  crude  cresol  mixed 
with  an  earthy  base.  If  lime  be  used  the  powder  becomes 
pink  on  keeping,  but  it  is  often  artificially  colored  in  addition. 
A  silicate  base,  such  as  kaolin,  does  not  become  pink  on  keep- 
ing. As  commonly  used,  according  to  most  authorities,  the 
disinfecting  properties  of  such  powders  are  almost  negligible. 


160 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[April,  1914 


Manufacture  of  Liquid  Soap. 
(C.M.O.G.) — The  formula  you  submit  is  a  modified  ver- 
sion of  that  suggested  by  M.  I.  Wilbert  in  a  paper  read  before 
the  A. Ph. A.  in  1907,  and  which  is  to  be  found  in  the  "Pro- 
ceedings" of  that  year.  It  is  evident  that  you  did  not  use  the 
same  quantities  of  water  directed  in  the  original  formula,  and 
it  is  also  possible  that  your  difficulty  was  due  to  the  fact  that 
you  did  not  use  distilled  water  in  your  operations.  We  think 
that  if  you  will  follow  Mr.  Wilbert's  formula  and  directions 
closely  you  will  have  no  trouble.     Thus: 

Sodium  hydro.'ride    40  grams 

Potassium    hydroxide    40  grams 

Cottonseed   oil    SCO  cc. 

Alcohol     250  cc. 

Distilled  water,  a  sufficient  quantity  to 

make    2500  cc 

In  a  suitable  container,  preferably  a  glass  stoppered  bottle, 
■dissolve  the  potassium  hydroxide  and  the  sodium  hydroxide  in 
250  cc.  of  distilled  water,  add  the  alcohol,  and  then  add  the 
cottonseed  oil  in  three  or  four  portions,  shaking  vigorously  after 
each  addition.  Continue  to  agitate  the  mixture  occasionally, 
-until  saponification  has  been  completed.  Then  add  the  re- 
maining portion  of  distilled  water,  and  mix.  According  to 
Mr.  Wilbert  the  only  precautions  that  are  at  all  necessary  are 
to  use  U.S. P.  grade  of  ingredients,  and  to  be  sure  that 
saponification  is  complete  before  adding  the  remaining  portions 
of  the  distilled  water.  The  water  used  must  be  absolutely  free 
from  soluble  salts  of  the  alkaline  earths  or  the  heaN-y  metals, 
and  for  this  reason  it  should  be,  preferably,  freshly  distilled. 
After  you  have  prepared  the  soap  as  above,  you  can  dissolve 
in  the  mixture  the  following: 

Potassium  carbonate    15  grams 

Terpineol    6  cc. 

Evergreen  A,  enough  to  produce  a  grass-green  color. 
The  use  of  distilled  water  is  imperative,  as  hard  water  con- 
tains lime  and  other  salts  which  tend  to  hinder  saponification, 
and  it  is  possible  that  water  of  this  character  may  have  been 
used  and  therefore  caused  the  precipitation  reported  by  you. 

Cold  Laxative  Tablets. 
(A.J.E.) — We  cannot  give  the  formula  for  the  proprietary 
■preparation,  but  the  following  taken  from  the  Era  Formulary 
and  other  sources  are  typical  of  the  combinations  of  this  char- 
acter put  out  by  various  manufacturers : 

(•) 
Dover's  powder    60  grains 

Quinine  hydrobromide    48  grains 

Aloin     3  grains 

Calomel    12  grains 

Tincture  of  aconite,  U.S. P.,  1890 12  minims 

Mix  and  make  into  24  tablets. 

(2) 

Quinine    sulphate    40  grains 

Acetanilide 80  grains 

Tincture   of   gelsemium 40  minims 

Aloin     2  grains 

Podophyllin    1  grain 

Capsicum    10  grains      . 

Mix  and  make  into  40  tablets. 
(3) 

.\cetanilide     48  grains 

Quinine  hydrobromide   24  grains 

Dover's  powder    12  grains 

Resin   of   podophyllum 12  grains 

Mix  and  make  into  24  tablets. 

■Wasserman  Eeaction. 
(J.C.P.) — This  test  is  one  employed  to  show  whether  a 
patient  has  syphilis  or  not,  and  a  considerable  knowledge  of 
physiological  chemistry  is  necessary  to  a  full  understanding  of 
the'  theors'  on  which  it  is  based.  The  reagents  usually  em- 
ployed are  red  blood  corpuscles  and  the  corresponding  hemolysin 
(amboceptor),  since  the  interaction  is  shown  by  a  visible 
change,  hemolysis,  and  if  no  reaction  occurs  the  mixture 
remains  unchanged.  In  other  words,  if  a  mixture  be  made  of 
the  blood  serum  of  a  syphilitic  patient,  an  emulsion  of  animal 
lipoids,  and  complement  it  is  found  that  the  complement  be- 
comes absorbed  or  fixed,  so  that  if  the  mixture  be  tested  for 
■complement  by  the  addition  of  red  blood  r:orpuscles  and  the 
corresponding  hemolysin,  no  hemoly.sis  will  occur.     If,  on  the 


other  hand,  the  patient  has  not  syphilis,  no  fixation  of  com- 
plement will  occur,  the  complement  will  be  left  free  to  act,  and 
will  produce  hemolysis  when  the  corpuscles  and  hemolysin  are 
added. 

The  Noguchi  test  for  syphilis  is  a  modification  and  simpli- 
fication of  the  Wasserman  test  and  involves  the  use  of  "ambo- 
ceptor paper,"  a  solution  of  "antigen,"  and  "complement";  the 
latter  is  to  be  obtained  from  the  blood  of  a  guinea-pig.  As 
described  in  the  last  edition  of  "New  and  Non-Official  Reme- 
dies," just  published  by  the  .\merican  Medical  Association, 
"amboceptor"  is  obtained  by  injecting  washed  human  blood 
corpuscles  (erythrocytes)  into  rabbits,  at  intervals  of  from  five 
to  seven  days,  over  a  period  of  five  to  six  weeks.  Ten  days 
are  allowed  to  elapse  before  the  last  injection.  The  rabbits  are 
then  bled  and  the  serum  collected.  Filter  paper  is  now  satu- 
rated with  this  serum  and  allowed  to  dry.  The  paper  is  cut 
in  strips  and  set  aside  until  wanted  for  use.  In  this  form 
amboceptor  will  keep  for  a  considerable  length  of  time.  The 
amboceptor  paper  is  standardized  by  measuring  its  specific 
activity.  The  measure  of  specific  activity  consists  in  finding 
the  amount  of  amboceptor  necessary  to  cause  hemolysis  in  1 
cc.  of  suspended  human  red  corpuscles,  one  drop  of  blood  in 
4  cc.  normal  saline  solution  with  0.02  cc.  of  fresh  guinea-pig 
serum.  This  is  incubated  at  a  temperature  of  37  °C.  for  one 
hour.  The  quantity  of  paper  necessary  to  cause  hemolysis 
under  these  conditions  is  known  as  one  unit.  In  the  syphilis 
test  two  units  are  employed. 

.\ntigen  is  made  by  rubbing  liver  or  heart  tissue  with  sand 
and  extracting  with  absolute  alcohol.  Macerate  10  grams  of 
tissue  in  100  cc.  of  alcohol  for  one  week  at  37°C.,  shaking  the 
container  every  day.  Filter  until  clear.  Evaporate  the  filtrate. 
Dissolve  the  resulting  extract  in  ether.  Pour  this  solution  into 
a  large  quantity  of  acetone.  The  acetone  precipitates  certain 
lipoid  substances  which  are  then  collected  and  redissolved  in 
methyl  alcohol,  in  ratio  of  3  per  cent.  This  constitutes  the 
antigen  solution.  For  use  mix  one  part  of  this  with  9  parts 
0.9  per  cent,  sodium  chloride  solution.  This  dilution  should 
not  cause  hemolysis  in  an  amount  of  0.4  cc,  and  0.4  cc.  should 
not  inhibit  hemolysis.  For  the  serodiagnosis  of  syphilis  ac- 
cording to  the  Noguchi  system,  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.,  Phila- 
delphia, have  placed  on  the  market  the  test  of  amboceptor 
paper  and  antigen  in  a  package  which  is  accompanied  by  full 
directions   for  use. 


•Perfume   for  Cold   Cream. 

(J.McI.) — "Will  you  please  give  me  a  suitable  perfume 
which  is  lasting  and  delicate  for  cold  cream?" 

The  particular  odor  that  shall  be  given  to  any  co'.d  cream  is 
largely  a  matter  of  personal  preference.  In  most  of  the  cold 
cjeams  made  after  the  type  of  the  official  cold  cream,  rose  is 
the  predominating  odor,  and  one  which  no  doubt  appeals  to 
the  average  individual.  However,  other  combinations  are  not 
difficult  to  suggest,  and  we  submit  the  following,  the  first 
formula  being  taken  from  the  Er.\  Formulary: 

(1) 

Oil  of  bergamot   15  minims 

Oil  of  rose 15  minims 

Oil  of  neroli    10  drops 

Oil  of  ylang  ylang 2  drops 

Oil  of  orris   1  drop 

Tincture  of  musk 5  drops 

Cumarin    J^  grain 

"Vanillin    3  grains 

The  cumarin  and  vanillin  should  be  dissolved  in  a  little  oil 
of  sweet  almond,  mixed  with  the  other  perfume  substances, 
and  the  mixture  then  incorporated  with  the  cold  cream. 

(2) 

Oil  of  neroli 15  minims 

Otto  of  rose 45  minims 

Cumarin    15  grains 

Oil  of  rose  geranium 8  minims 

Essence  of  ambergris 5  minims 

Oil  of  ylang  ylang 4  minims 

Oil  of  orris 2  minims 

Mix.  The  quantity  of  perfume  (either  formula)  necessary 
to  use  ■n-ith  a  given  weight  of  any  co'd  cream  should  be  deter- 
mined by  careful  experiment.  Combinations  of  terpineol,  helio- 
tiopin,  ionone  or  other  so-called  "sjTithetic"  perfumes  can  also 
be  suggested. 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


161 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 


V.    The  Woman  Pharmacist's  Future. 


SOCIAL    BETTERMENT. 

THE  woman  pharmacist  renders  such  valuable  special  ser- 
vice that  she  can  scarcely  ignore  the  opportunity  of 
exerting  her  influence  in  many  parts  of  the  community 
role.  Not  only  will  she  be  able  to  help  along  worth-while 
movements  but  she  will  keep  herself  in  touch  with  the  progress 
of  the  day  and  add  greatly  to  hfr  own  prestige  as  well.  The 
argument  will  be  advanced  by  many  that  she  has  no  time  for 
the  work  of  social  betterment  and  that  conditions  differ  greatly 
in  communities  of  different  sizes. 

The  objection  regarding  time  or  lack  of  it  will  not  stand 
because  we  can  all  find  time  to  do  the  things  we  want  to. 
Besides,  she  need  not  assume  those  parts  of  the  work  in  hand 
which  call  for  the  execution  of  many  details;  some  one  with 
more  le  sure  can  usually  be  found  to  attend  to  these. 

We  owe  a  duty  to  the  locality  we  call  home — the  duty  of 
helping  make  it  better.  No  one  is  so  busy  that  she  cannot 
find  time  to  give  place  to  an  informative  window  card,  take 
charge  of  the  sale  of  a  few  tickets  or  Red  Cross  Seals  or 
occasionally  attend  a  meeting  of  other  women  and  add  her  part 
to  the  general  helpfulness.  Women  are  sensible  creatures — 
usually,  and  they  do  not  expect  the  impossible  of  a  business 
co-worker.  On  the  other  hand,  they  appreciate  the  interest 
and  effort  made  to  help  along  a  good  cause. 

Communities  do  differ,  but  it  is  mostly  in  size.  Good  peo- 
ple are  to  be  found  everywhere  and  everywhere  warm  hearts 
are  ready  to  respond  to  the  right  sort  of  an  appeal.  The 
country,  the  village,  the  town  and  city  are  all  awake  to  their 
possibilities.  Leaders  are  needed  and  people  in  the  ranks  as 
well.  The  woman  pharmacist  will  find  her  place  if  she  looks 
for  it. 

Among  the  country-wide  popular  movements  of  the  day  with 
a  distinct  point  of  contact  are  the  Fly-Prevention  Campaign; 
the  war  upon  Tuberculosis  and  the  Sale  of  Red  Cross  Seals 
as  a  means  of  raising  money;  the  work  of  the  Housewives' 
League  toward  the  end  of  reducing  the  cost  of  living,  securing 
full  weights  and  measures,  and  clean,  pure  foods;  regulation 
of  Child  Labor;  conservation  of  youth  through  organizations 
like  the  Camp-Fire  Girls  and  Boy  Scouts;  Woman's  Suffrage; 
co-operation  of  parents  and  teachers  for  elevation  of  Educa- 
tional Standards  and  better  equipments  of  School  Plants;  the 
encouragement  of  Social  Centers;  Clean  Milk;  Civic  Improve- 
ment Movements;  prevention  of  noise  in-  Hospital  Zones; 
Clean-up  undertakings;  Fire-Prevention  Education;  Musical 
and  Dramatic  .Associations;  Furthering  Vocational  Education 
and  Helpfulness;  a  Woman's  Board  of  Trade  as  a  moral  and 
civic  power;  encouragement  of  Libraries  and  the  placing  of 
special  lines  of  books;  Scientific  charity  work;  Social  Science; 
Sanitation  in  home  and  community ;  Consumer's  League  work ; 
Fresh  Air  Schools  and  Camps ;  Household  Chemistry ;  Bac- 
teriology of  every-day  life;  Micro-organisms  as  a  help  and  as 
a  menace;  First  .Aid  work;  Care  of  the  Sick;  Emergency  Sup- 
plies,  etc.,   etc.,   ad  infinitum. 

The  point  of  contact  may  be  found  in  every  one  of  these 
somewhere,  because  it  is  in  greater  or  less  evidence.  The 
work  may  be  furthered  intelligently  by  many  quiet  means,  so 
that  as  in  a  recent  case  which  came  to  the  writer's  attention, 
there  was  a  wail  of  dismay  when  the  capable,  although  quiet 
woman  pharmacist  decided  to  change  her  place  of  residence. 
"What  shall  w'e  do  without  her?"  was  only  varied  by  the 
thought,  "She  has  been  a  power  in  our  midst.  We  have  all 
come  to  look  up  to  and  to  depend  upon  her !" 

Ways  and  means  are  matters  of  individual  solution,  never- 
theless a  few  thoughts  concerning  general  principles  may  prove 
suggestive. 

Arouse  the  "sanitary  conscience"  by,  distributing  in  store 
packages  free  literature  which  may  be  had  for  the  asking  or 
for  small  cost.  You  are  justified  in  stamping  your  name  and 
address  upon  these  if  you  wish.  Local  and  State  Boards  of 
Health,    Federal    departments,    special    organizations,    etc.,    all 


may  be  drawn  upon  for  this  material.  Secure  the  co-operation 
of  die  local  press.  Prepare  a  short  write-up  descriptive  of  the 
community  interest  you  are  pushing  and  hand  it  to  your 
favorite  newspaper.  Make  it  breezy  and  not  too  long.  Tell 
them  it  is  news  and  they  will  be  glad  to  print  it. 

Are  the  Boy  Scouts  or  Camp  Fire  Girls  somewhat  in  evi- 
dence about  you?  Do  you  realize  what  it  will  mean  in  the 
course  of  10  years  if  several  thousand  young  people  in  your 
tovni  have  been  trained  in  these  sound  life  principles?  Do 
you  know  they  will  be  an  army  which  will  never  forget  your 
interest?  Isn't  it  worth  while  to  encourage  them  by  some 
means?  A  prize  either  from  the  store  or  from  some  organiza- 
tion for  the  best  essay  dealing  with  the  menace  and  extermina- 
tion of  the  fly,  on  what  could  be  done  to  beautify  the  town, 
or  the  medicinal  plants  growing  within  a  radius  of  10  miles, 
would  prove  of  marked  value  in  creating  a  direct  personal  in- 
terest. 

Is  the  school  in  your  ward  trying  to  raise  money  for  a 
swimming  pool?  Devise  some  means  to  help  along  and  keep 
a  bulletin  in  the  window  which  shows  daily  progress  of  some 
sort. 

Do  you  love  music  and  have  little  time  for  the  melody  of 
sound?  Have  a  good  time  in  your  recreation  hours  and  make 
the  good  time  count.  A  single  woman  in  the  city  where  I 
live  was  in  exactly  this  position.  She  brought  the  idea  to 
others — a  chorus  of  200  voices  was  speedily  assembled  to 
produce  the  light  opera  "The  Tuneful  Liar."  Everybody  had 
expert  training,  a  grand,  good  time,  and  the  tidy  proceeds  of  a 
fine  entertainment  were  turned  over  to  a  worthy  object. 

The  great  danger  of  the  professional  woman  where  hours 
are  long  is  that  she  will  get  into  a  rut.  If  she  does,  she 
becomes  a  mere  cog  in  the  business  machinery.  Now  a  cog 
serves  a  good  purpose,  but  it  has  to  be  operated  by  the  brains 
of  some  one  else.  To  take  an  active  interest  in  the  social 
betterment  about  us  is  to  have  a  heart  attuned  to  the  throb- 
of  human  life,  to  keep  young  although  the  frost  touches  tem- 
ples and  lines  of  care  begin  to  show. 

The  law  of  the  Camp  Fire  is  not  unworthy  of  our  own 
emulation : 

"Seek  Beauty, 

Give    Service, 

Pursue  Knowledge, 

Be  Trustworthy, 

Hold    on    to   Health, 

Glorify  Work, 

Be  Happy." 


A  Profitable  "Calendar  Dav." 


A  very  interesting  account  of  a  successful  special  day  has 
been  received  from  Mrs.  F.  E.  Morrison,  of  Brantford,  Ont., 
Canada.  Mrs.  Morri.son  and  her  husband  are  both  pharma- 
cists and  are  associated  in  business. 

"Calendar  Day"  is  an  annual  event  in  the  Morrison  store, 
which  enjoys  a  residential  location.  It  was  started  with  the 
thought  of  overcoming  the  habit  of  so  many  patrons  going 
uptown  to  the  large  department  stores  to  look  around  and 
eventually  buy  their  Christmas  presents. 

In  September  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Morrison  begin  to  take  the 
names  and  addresses  of  all  customers,  thoroughly  revising  the 
mailing  list  at  the  same  time.  As  each  patron  comes  in  he 
or  she  registers  name  and  address  in  a  large  book  kept  for 
the  purpose.  These  names  are  arranged  elsewhere  in  alpha- 
betical order.  "Calendar  Day"  is  scheduled  for  a  date  when 
the  store  is  at  its  best  and  the  Christmas  goods  are  on  display. 
The  objects  of  the  day  are: 

First — To  get  people  into  the  store  when  Christmas  goods 
are  in  evidence. 

Second — To   secure  an   up-to-date   mailing   list. 

Third — To  put  into  the  hands  of  the  customers  samples  of 
"own"  preparations  and  goods  which  the  druggist  would  popu- 
larize. 


162 


THE    PHAEJIACEUTICAL   ERA 


[April,  1914 


Fourth — To  spend  as  little  time  as  possible  in  giving  away 
the  calendars. 

Each  person  who  is  registered  is  notified  by  postal  card  of 
the  date  of  "Calendar  Day"  and  requested  to  come  and  get 
the  calendar  reser\'ed  for  him.     Mrs.  Morrison  says: 

"This  year  'Calendar  Day'  was  the  best  day  in  the  history 
of  our  store  nnd  it  made  the  week  the  best  week  we  have  had. 
We  found  that  very  few  came  for  the  calendars  without  buy- 
ing sometliing  else.  We  were  careful  in  giving  out  our  sam- 
ples and  they  have  brought  good  results. 

"We  gave  a  sample  of  'Floral  Cream'  (our  own  preparation) 
and  a  sample  of  a  good  soap  to  most  of  our  lady  customers. 
To  others  we  gave  samples  of  a  good  talcum  powder  or  tooth 
paste.  To  some  of  the  men  we  gave  samples  of  a  good 
shaving  stick  and  the  'Floral  Cream,'  to  others  the  shaving 
stick  and  talc.  For  our  farmer  customers  we  had  a  Veterinary 
Book  with  the  samples." 

This  idea  is  an  eminently  practical  one  and  might  be  worked 
to  good  advantage  anywhere  with  such  variations  and  adapta- 
tions as  would  suit  the  locality. 


An  jErficientjConnecticut  Graduate. 


OPPORTUNITY  does  not  rap  at  everyone's  door. 
Sometimes  it  has  to  be  sought,  but  once  it  is  overtaken 
it  is  a  prize  heartily  appreciated.  Miss  Phebe  W. 
Merwin,  of  Saybrook,  Conn.,  is  making  a  success  of  pharmacy. 
She  was  bom  in  Durham,  that  State,  and  lived  on  a  farm  in 

that  place  and  attended  the 
public  school  there  until  15 
years  of  age.  Having  to  earn 
her  own  living,  she  then  ob- 
tained a  position  as  salesgirl 
in  a  drygoods  store.  Here  she 
continued  to  work  for  several 
years,  meanwhile  hoping  to  fit 
herself  for  a  better  paying 
position. 

Bookkeeping  appealed  to 
her,  and  so  she  took  up  the 
study  of  that  subject,  finally 
obtaining  sufficient  proficiency 
to  secure  a  position  as  book- 
keeper in  a  large  drug  store. 
Gradually  the  work  about  her 
began  to  interest  and  fasci- 
nate. She  talked  the  matter 
over  with  her  employer,  and 
Miss    Merwin.  he    gave    her    the    chance    to 

work   in   the  store  as  well  as 
to  do  the  book-keeping. 

Miss  Merwin  immediately  cast  about  for  some  opening 
whereby  she  could  use  her  few  spare  hours  to  further  her 
knowledge  of  pharmacy.  She  found  such  a  means  in  the  Era 
Course  in  Pharmacy.  She  was  in  earnest  and  she  applied 
herself.  That  tells  the  story  why  and  how  she  came  to  gradu- 
ate from  the  Course  on  Oct.  17,  1913. 

In  Miss  Merwin's  own  words,  she  says:  "The  Course  has 
helped  me  so  much  that  I  am  now  earning  a  good  salary  and 
hope  in  the  near  future  to  obtain  my  State  license,  the  appli- 
cation for  which  is  now  on  file  with  the  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy. 

"It  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  recommend  the  Era  Course 
to  girls  who  want  to  better  themselves  as  there  is  no  reason 
why  women  pharmacists  should  not  be  more  numerous.  They 
have  an  equal  chance  in  this  business." 


SUCCESSFUL  LECTUEEB   ON   PHARMACOLOGY. 


Mrs.  Bertha  W.  Lathbury,  of  Buffalo. 

MORE  than  one  efficient  woman  pharmacist  owes  the 
beginning  of  her  interest  in  the  work  to  having  married 
a  pharmacist.  Mrs.  Lathbury  received  her  education 
in  the  Buffalo  public  schools,  then  entered  the  Buffalo  Normal. 
Graduating  in  1901,  she  taught  school  in  Alden,  New  York, 
for  three  years.  Showing 
marked  aptitude  not  only  as 
a  teacher  but  in  administrative 
work,  she  then  succeeded  to 
the  position  of  the  preceptress 
of  the  Sloan  Union  School  at 
Sloan,  this  State. 

For  seven  years  she  helped 
mould  the  lives  of  the  young 
people  who  passed  in  steady 
procession  through  the  school. 
Matrimony  came  ne.xt,  for  the 
charming  young  lady  teacher's 
heart  had  been  won  by  Ellis 
T.  Lathbury,  who  was  a  phar- 
macist. 

As  was  natural,  Mrs.  Lath- 
bury spent  more   or  less  time 
in  the  store  during  her  spare 
hours  each  day,   enjoying  the 
contact   with   the   work   more        Mrs.  Bertha  LATHBtTtY. 
and  more.     At  last  she  deter- 
mined  to   master   thoroughly   the   technical   part   of   pharmacy, 
so  she  took  a  course  at  the  University  of  Buffalo.     She  entered 
in  the  Fall  of  1911  and  graduated  in  May,  1913. 

Mrs.  Lathbury  was  awarded  the  Peabody  Prize  of  550  for 
attaining  the  highest  standing  in  the  senior  work.  There  were 
three  other  women  graduates  in  the  class.  Miss  Grace  Belliotti, 
Miss  Lucy  Garasee  and  Miss  Dorothy  Dee,  now  in  Paris, 
France.  Miss  Belliotti  and  Miss  Garasee  are  the  only  Italian 
women  in  Buffalo  having  a  college  degree  of  any  kind. 

Mrs.  Lathbury  enjoyed  her  college  work  very  much  and  con- 
siders the  course  given  at  the  University  of  Buffalo  as  excellent. 
As  an  experienced  educator,  her  opinion  is  of  peculiar  value. 
She  considers  pharmacy  a  very  desirable  calling  for  women, 
as  the  work  is  pleasant,  variable,  within  their  physical  capa- 
bility, the  compensation  is  generally  more  than  the  remunera- 
tion for  ordinary  work,  and  the  profession  is  not  overcrowded. 
Besides  this,  Mrs.  Lathbury  points  out  the  great  opportunities 
for  research  work. 


Miss  Grace  Irene  Harper,  Ph.G.,  a  graduate  of  the  Univer- 
sity of  Pittsburgh  in  1905,  is  now  filling  the  responsible  posi- 
tion of  lecturer  on  Pharmacology  in  the  New  York  Medical 
College  and  Hospital  for  Women.  This  institution  is  located 
at  17-19  West  101st  street.  New  York  City.  The  annual 
announcement  of  its  51st  session,  1913-1914,  shows  this  insti- 
tution to  be  in  a  flourishing  condition.  The  college  is  for- 
tunate in  being  able  to  secure  Professor  Harper  as  a  member 
■of  its  faculty. 


MRS.  STOVER  ENTERTAINS. 


Noticing  a  recent  entertainment  given  by  Mrs.  Charles  A. 
Stover,  one  of  the  past  presidents  of  Boston  Chapter  No.  1, 
calls  to  mind  the  prominent  part  many  W.O.  women  are  taking 
in  club  affairs.  This  is  well,  for  it  gives  an  opportunity  to 
bring  the  work  of  the  W.O.  to  favorable  attention.  A  notice 
taken  from  the  Bostoti  Herald  follows: 

"Mrs.  Charles  A.  Stover,  vice-regent  of  Old  Belfry  Chapter, 
D.A.R.,  entertained  the  members  of  the  chapter  and  a  num- 
ber of  guests,  yesterday  afternoon  at  her  home,  51  Trowbridge 
street,  Cambridge.  Mrs.  Edward  Synge,  the  regent,  presided 
at  the  formal  exercises,  which  included  a  lecture  by  Anna 
Sturges  Duryea  on  "A  Hundred  Years  of  Peace" ;  a  short  paper 
by  Mrs.  Phillips,  a  member  of  the  chapter;  songs  by  Mrs. 
Hugh  McKay,  soprano,  and  piano  solos  by  Miss  McKay,  who 
was  also  accompanist.  .Among  the  guests  were  Mrs.  John 
Amee,  president  of  Cantabrigia  Club,  and  other  members  of  the 
official  board  " 


CLEANSING  THE  BOTTLE  FOR  THE  BABY. 


".\s  soon  as  the  bottle  used  by  baby  is  empty,  it  should  be 
thoroughly  washed  with  cold  water,  then  cleansed  with  borax 
and  hot  water  (tablespoonful  of  borax  to  pint  of  water).  The 
empty  bottle  should  be  put  upside  down  on  a  shelf.  The  bottle 
should  be  boiled  just  before  filling  for  the  next  feeding.  The 
nipple  should  be  thoroughly  washed  after  each  nursing  with 
hot  water,  and  when  not  in  use  should  soak  in  borax  water 
in  a  covered  glass;  the  nipple  must  be  rinsed  in  boiling  water 
just  before  the  baby  uses  it." — New  York  Department  of 
Health  Instructions. 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


163 


Persian  Hair  Restorer. 

Vinegar  of  cantharides 1  ounce 

Milk  of  sulphur Yi  ounce 

Glycerin    10  ounces 

Oil   of  rose 10  drops 

Water,  enough  to  make 2  pints 

Mix  well  and  apply  at  night  with  a  soft  sponge. 
Eucalyptus  Foot  Powder. 

Boric   acid    4  ounces 

Starch     8  ounces 

Zinc  oxide    4  ounces 

Oil    of    eucalyptus 3  fi.  drams 

Mix. 

Antiseptic   SootMng  Cream. 

Carbolic   acid    10  grains 

Camphor     10  grains 

Anhydrous   wool    fat 4  drams 

Cacao  butter    2  drams 

Soft  paraffin    12  drams 

Melt  the  cacao  butter  and  wool  fat,   and  when  cooling,   but 
still   transparent,   add   the   camphor   and    carbolic   acid   which 
have   been  previously  liquefied  by  rubbing  together. 
Liniment  for  Whooping  Cough. 

Oil    of    amber 4  fl.  ounces 

Oil    of    eucalyptus 1  fl.  ounce 

Essential  oil  of  camphor 2  fl.  ounces 

Liniment  of   camphor 13  fl.  ounces 

Mix. 

Whooping  Cough  Mixture. 

Ammonium    bromide     60  grains 

Wine   of    ipecacuanha 3  fl.  drams 

Syrup  of  tolu 2  fl.  ounces 

Compound   tincture   of   cardamoms \Yi  fl.  drams 

Tincture   of   senega 30  minims 

Distilled  water,  enough  to  make 4  fl.  ounces 

Mix.     Dose,  J/^  to  1  fl.  dram. 

Spray  for  Chronic  Catarrh. 

Terebene     4  drams 

Oil   of   pinus   pumilio 2  drams 

Oil   of    tar 2  drams 

Oil   of  cubebs 2  drams 

Beechwood   creosote   3  drams 

Oil  of  sweet  almonds,  e.xpressed,  enough 

to   make    4  ounces 

Use   in   a   nebulizer.      Useful    in   all   chronic   catarrhal   affec- 
tions and  coughs  witli  much  expectoration. 

Fothergill's  Asthma   Mixture. 

Ammonium    iodide     2  drams 

Ammonium   bromide    3  drams 

Syrup  of  tolu .' 3  fl.  ounces 

Tincture  of  lobelia 5  fl.  ounces 

Mix.     Teaspoonful   every   1,   2,   3   or  4  hours. 
Instantaneous  Liniment. 

Oil   of   wormwood 1  dram 

Oil  of  sassafras 2  drams 

Oil   of   cinnamon 2  drams 

Chloroform     4  drams 

Olive  oil,  enough  to  make 4  ounces 

Mix.    Beneficial  for  sprains  and  stiffness  of  the  joints. 
Spleen  Powder. 

Quinine   sulphate 60  grains 

Iron    sulphate 60  grains 

Magnesium   sulphate 2  ounces 

Powdered    ginger 5  drams 

Mix  well  and  divide  into  100  powders. 

Remedy  for  Seasickness. 

Ammonium  bromide    120  grains 

Sodium  bromide    240  grains 

Syrup    of    orange 15-2  A-  ounces 

Distilled  water,  enough  to  make 3  fl.  ounces 

Mix.     Dose.  1  fl.  dram. 


Compound   Elixir   of   Saw   Palmetto. 
Fluidextract    of    saw     palmetto     (34% 

alcohol)     250  cc. 

Fluidextract  of  corn  silk   (15%  alcohol)  250  cc. 

Oil  of  santal 7  cc. 

Alcohol    360  cc. 

Glycerin    380  cc. 

Orange-flower   water    760  cc. 

Talc 30  gm. 

Mix  and  allow  to  stand  with  occasional  agitation  for  a  week, 
then  filter. 

Liquid    Court   Plaster. 

(1) 

Pyroxylin    5  drams 

Camphor     1  dram 

Acetone     125^  ounces 

Dissolve  the  pyroxylin  and  camphor  in  a  bottle  in  10  ounces 
of  acetone,  adding  enough  more  acetone  to  make  the  product 
measure  12^4  fl.  ounces. 

(2) 

Pyro.xyIin    1  dram 

Oil    of    cloves Y>  dram 

Amy!    acetate    5  drams 

Benzole   4  drams 

Acetone,   enough   to   make 20  drams 

Dissolve  and  mix. 

Improved    Cantharidal    Collodion. 

Cantharidin    1  part 

Castor    oil    40  parts 

Acetone     40  parts 

Strongest   collodion    900  parts 

Rub  up  the  cantharidin  in  the  oil,  heating  carefully  to  hasten 
solution.     Let    cool,    and    add   the    acetone,    and    finally    incor- 
porate   the    collodion.      If    desired,    the    preparation    may    be 
colored  by  the  addition  of  10  parts  of  tincture  of  hemp. 
Transfer    Liquid. 

Soft  soap   V2  ounce 

Pearlash    ]A  ounce 

Distilled  water   10  ounces 

Dissolve.  Lay  the  print  which  it  is  desired  to  transfer 
(which  should  be  recently  printed)  on  a  flat  surface  and  wash 
with  the  liquid,  using  a  brush.  Lay  a  piece  of  unglazed  paper 
over  the  wet  picture,  then  another  piece  of  paper,  and  rub 
hard  and  evenly  with  a  blunt  instrument,  such  as  the  bowl  of 
a  tablespoon,  until  a  sufficient  depth  of  color  has  been  obtained, 
then  dry  on  a  piece  of  blotting  paper  pressed  with  a  heavy 
book.  The  transfer  will  have  a  very  artistic  tone. 
Scouring  Soap  Powder. 

Silica,  powdered   60  parts 

Sodium  carbonate,  dried     15  parts 

Oleic   acid    13  parts 

Mix  and  add,  all  at  once,  the  following  solution: 

Caustic  soda    2  parts 

Water    22  parts 

Stir  well  until  a  granular  powder  is  formed.  Then  place  in 
shallow  trays  for  24  hours  in  a  warm  room,  and  reduce  to  a 
moderately  coarse  powder  by  sifting. 

Silver  Polishing  Soap. 

White  hard  soap 10  ounces 

Water    12  ounces 

Prepared  chalk   2  pounds 

Cut  the  soap  small  and  dissolve  in  the  water  by  means  of 
heat.  Then  work  the  powdered  chalk  into  the  mass,  mixing  to 
an  even  paste;  press  into  molds  of  the  desired  size  and  shape. 
Orange  Wine. 
Boil  40  pounds  of  sugar  for  15  minutes  with  13>i  gallons 
of  water.  At  the  same  time  press  out  and  filter  the  juice  of 
75  oranges  and  mix  it,  together  with  the  rinds,  with  the 
sugary  fluid  after  the  latter  has  been  cooled  off  to  about  85° F. 
The  mixture  is  then  poured  into  a  cask  and  frequently  stirred 
during  three  or  four  days,  when  the  cask  is  bunged  and  placed 
in  a  cellar  for  six  months,  when  the  wine  is  drawn  off. 


164 


THE   PHAEMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[Ai'RiL,  1914 


Jottings  from  Great  Britain. 


The  Sale  of  Poisons — The  New  Pharmaceutical  Federation — 
Other  Things  Pharmaceutical  from  Our  London  Cor- 
respondent. 

THE  annual  report  of  the  Registrar  of  the  Pharmaceutical 
Societ}',  which  has  just  been  issued,  shows  that  last  year 
there  was  a  great  increase — as  compared  with  previous 
years — in  the  number  of  cases  of  alleged  irregularities  in  the 
sale  of  poisons,  which  the  Society's  law  department  was  called 
upon  to  investigate.  More  than  1600  complaints  were  in- 
vestigated, and  in  306  cases  it  was  found  necessary  to  institute 
legal  proceedings  against  offenders.  The  most  common  offence 
consisted  in  the  sale  of  poisons  by  unqualified  persons,  but 
such  irregularities  as  the  sale  of  a  poison  improperly  labelled 
and  the  use  of  the  title  "chemist"  by  non-registered  persons 
had  to  be  dealt  with.  The  large  number  of  cases  which  re- 
quire investigation  seems  to  suggest  that  any  relaxation  of 
supen-ision  on  the  part  of  the  Pharmaceutical  Society  might 
result  in  irregularities  involving  some  danger  to  the  public 
health. 

Several  cases  are  mentioned  in  the  report  of  sales  of  prepa- 
rations which,  if  compounded  according  to  the  formulae  of 
the  British  Pharmacopoeia,  would  have  contained  poison,  but 
which  on  analysis  were  found  to  contain  no  poisonous  in- 
gredients. The  object  of  unqualified  sellers  of  these  spurious 
compounds  is  to  evade  the  Pharmacy  Acts,  but  this  method  of 
evasion  brings  the  perpetrators  into  the  meshes  of  the  Mer- 
chandise Marks  Act,  under  which  the  Pharmaceutical  Society 
has  proceeded  in  such  cases. 

The  practice  is  a  dangerous  one,  because  the  purchaser  of 
the  spurious  article,  finding  the  ordinary  dose  does  not  produce 
the  desired  effect,  may  take  a  larger  dose  and  continue  to  do  so 
after  procuring  the  genuine  product  from  a  duly  qualified 
pharmacist.  The  report  shows  that  the  number  of  names  on 
the  current  register  of  chemists  and  druggists  is  16,608,  an 
increase  over  the  number  previously  registered,  which  in  turn 
showed  an  increase  over  the  previous  year. 

There  is  also  an  increase  in  the  number  of  members  of  the 
society  and  in  the  number  of  registered  apprentices  who  are 
preparing  for  the  qualifying  examination.  This  increase  in 
the  number  of  young  men  entering  the  calling  of  pharmacy 
should,  if  it  continues,  provide  in  due  course  an  adequate 
supply  of  clerks.  During  the  past  year  there  has  been  a  lack 
of  assistants,  due  to  the  increased  amount  of  work  thrown 
upon  the  pharmacists  by  the  National  Insurance  Act. 


The  Pharmaceutical  Federation. 
As  a  result  of  the  working  of  the  Insurance  Act,  local  phar- 
macists' associations  have  for  some  time  past  been  considering 
what  scheme  of  reorganization  would  be  the  best  to  meet 
the  changed  conditions.  Delegates  from  these  associations  in 
all  parts  of  the  country  met  the  Council  of  the  Pharmaceutical 
Society  recently,  and  after  a  prolonged  private  conference 
adopted  a  scheme  by  which  all  the  associations  throughout  the 
country  will  become  federated.  There  will  be  a  committee, 
called  the  Pharmaceutical  General  Committee  on  Insurance. 
Some  changes  in  the  local  associations  themselves  will  be 
necessary  as  the  conference  decided  that  in  future  the  asso- 
ciation's areas  should  be  conterminous  with  the  areas  of  the 
local  insurance  committees.  As  a  result  of  this  new  system  of 
organization  pharmacists  become  a  united  body  and  their 
position   is,    therefore,    considerably   strengthened. 


Golden   Wedding   of   Mr.    and   Mrs.    J.    M.    Richards. 

A  large  and  distinguished  company  met  at  the  Cecil  Hotel, 
London,  to  do  honors  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John  Morgan  Richards, 
■on  the  occasion  of  the  celebration  of  their  golden  wedding, 
their  many  friends  having  invited  them  to  a  banquet.  The 
banquet  was  presided  over  by  Sir  George  Riddell,  and  among 
those  present  were  the  American  Ambassador,  the  American 
Consul-General,  Lord  Curzon  and  others.  After  the  banquet 
the  chairman  read  the  following  telegram  from  Queen  Mary, 
addressed  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Richards: 


The  chairman  then  presented  them  with  a  service  of  go'd 
plate,  consisting  of  a  large  centerpiece,  bearing  a  massive  rose 
bowl,  and  two  fruit  dishes,  and  an  album  containing  the  names 
of  the  contributors,  prefaced  by  the  Queen's  telegram.  Mr. 
Richards,  in  expressing  his  thanks,  was  visibly  moved,  as  was 
Mrs.  Richards,  and  she  also  made  an  admirable  speech.  Mr. 
Richards  has  spent  nearly  half  a  century  in  London. 


The    Proprietary    Medicine    Inquiry. 

With  the  reassembling  of  Parliament,  which  has  just  taken 
place,  interest  in  the  proprietary  medicine  inquiry,  which  was 
instituted  by  the  Government  some  time  ago,  is  renewed.  The 
committee  has  been  formally  reappointed,  and  as  no  more 
evidence  is  to  be  heard  it  is  expected  that  the  report  will  be 
not  long  delayed.  There  is,  of  course,  a  number  of  rumors 
concerning  the  nature  of  the  forthcoming  reports,  but,  of 
course,  no  one  can  possibly  know  what  the  committee  is  going 
to  recommend.  It  is  not  improbable,  however,  that  the  com- 
mittee may  recommend  the  prohibition  of  the  advertisement 
of  cures  for  cancer,  consumption  and  other  diseases  that  are 
at  present  considered  to  be  incurable,  and  also  urge  a  strict 
censorship  of  advertisements  of  remedies  for  female  ailments. 
It  is  not  thought  likely  that  the  committee  will  recommend  the 
disclosure  of  the  formulas  of  secret  remedies,  but  in  this  matter 
the  committee  may  not  be  in  general  agreement.  In  view  of  the  fact 
that  the  sale  of  proprietary  medicines  in  Great  Britain  has  a 
turnover  of  more  than  $12,000,000  a  year  the  report  is  awaited 
with  some  interest,  both  by  the  agents  of  the  American  houses 
and  by  English  proprietors. 


Huge  Payments  to   Doctors  and  Pharmacists. 

Speaking  at  a  public  dinner  the  other  night,  the  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer  said  that  there  were  22,500  general  medical 
practitioners  in  Great  Britain.  The  number  of  these  who  are 
doing  insurance  work  is  more  than  20,000.  Last  year  nearly 
$22,500,000  was  distributed  among  them  in  payment  for  this 
work,  the  average  for  each  doctor  being  $1150.  This  is,  of 
course,  in  addition  to  what  the  doctors  made  in  their  private 
practice,  so  that  the  profession  of  medicine  in  this  country  can 
be  said  to  be  booming.  The  sums  paid  out  to  pharmacists  for 
medicines  and  appliances  supplied  to  insured  persons  amounted 
to  nearly   $5,000,000. 


New  Remedies 


Please    accept    my    best    wishes    for 
your  golden  wedding  day. — Mary  R. 


Coleolo  Serono  is  a  5  per  cent,  solution  of  cholesterin  in  oil, 
used  in  anemia. 

Cusylol  is  a  soluble  citrate  of  copper,  forming  a  blue  crys- 
talline powder,  dissolving  in  3  parts  of  water.     Solutions  under 

1  per  cent,  are  fairly  stable.  The  substance  also  appears  in 
other  forms  suitable  for  ointments,  topical  applications,  etc. 
They  are  used   in  opthalmology,  with  or  without  boric  acid. 

Ferrescasan  is  a  liquid  containing  iron  saccharate,  glycero- 
phosphates, and  a  small  amount  of  cacodylic  acid. 

Jecolein  contains  60  parts  of  specially  prepared  cod  liver  oil, 
22.5  parts  of  milk,  12  parts  of  sugar,  2.5  parts  of  aromatic 
oils,  and  3  parts  of  glycerin. 

Nuclocithin  contains  glycerophosphoric  acid  and  iron 
nucleinate. 

Pektasol  is  an  alcoholic  solution  of  cane  sugar  with  some 
wood  tar. 

Salvarsan-Copper,  also  known  as  K,,  is  a  yellowish-red  pow- 
der, which  must  be  kept  in  sealed  ampules  under  an  indifferent 
gas.  It  is  used  in  an  alkaline  solution,  like  606,  the  dose 
being  0.1  g.  Intravenous  injections  are  used.  Has  been  em- 
ployed in  malaria,  amebic  dysentery,  and  lepra. 

Strophena-Zyma  is  an  isotonic  solution  of  the  active  glu- 
coside  of  strophanthus  seeds,  marketed  in  ampules. 

Testijodyl  is  an  iodine-albumen  combination,  prepared  from 
coagulated  blood  albumin.  It  is  not  split  up  in  the  stomach, 
but  is  acted  on  in  the  intestines.  Used  in  syphilis,  it  replaces 
other    iodine   medication,    and   is   well   tolerated.     The   dose   is 

2  tablets  of  1  g.  each,  given  three  times  a  day,  the  tablets 
containing  15  per  cent,  of  iodine. 

Wigu  consists  of  25  g.  of  formic  acid,  1  g.  tincture  of  saffron, 
10  drops  of  rosemary  oil,  5  drops  of  methyl  salicylate,  '10  g. 
of  glycerin,  and  alcohol  to  make  100  g.  It  is  used  in  gout 
and  rheumatism. 


ymJmmJJ^Mylf'AAWi\MiWl^^^lmlmw^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


as  he  deemed  best.     Within  a.  week  nearly  the  entire  issue  of 
more  than  $6,000,000  bonds  had  been  sold  over  the  counter. 


Pharmaceutical  Personalities. 


Fred  Mansfield,  Pharmacist-Financier. 


]M.\XSFIELD 


SEVEN  men  who  were  trained  in  pharmacy  or  are  now 
engaged  in  it  as  a  profession,  have  been  elected  to  posi- 
tions of  honor  and  trust  in  the  Massachusetts  State 
government.  One  of  them,  Frank  J.  Donahue,  is  a  graduate  of 
the    Massachusetts    College    of    Pharmacy    and    is    serving    his 

second   term   as    Secretary   of 
State. 

Fred  W.  Mansfield,  who 
served  in  the  naval  service 
during  the  war  with  Spain  as 
an  apothecary,  is  the  State 
Treasurer  and  Receiver-Gen- 
eral. 

Senator  Hugh  H.  O'Rourke 
is  a  practicing  pharmacist  and 
is  the  only  member  of  the 
profession  in  the  upper  legis- 
lative branch. 

John  J.  Gilbride,  of  Lowell ; 
Charles   A.  Legro,  of  Palmer; 
Fred  O.  Lewis,  of  Lowell,  and 
Thomas   W.    White,    of   New- 
ton,   are    all    registered    phar- 
macists  and    are    actively    en- 
gaged   in    the    business    today 
and    are    all    members    of    the 
lower  branch  of  the  Legislature. 
Secretary   of  State   Donahue   is   making  himself   conspicuous 
in   the   reform    of   election    laws,    a   subject    in   which    he    is   a 
recognized  expert. 

State  Treasurer  Mansfield  has  attracted  to  himself  a  great 
amount  of  attention  because  of  the  innovation  he  introduced 
in  the  matter  of  selling  State  bonds.  During  the  recent  cam- 
paign for  election  he  declared  over  and  over  again  that  if 
elected  he  would  sell  State  bonds  over  the  counter  to  the 
people  direct,  without  the  profit  of  the  middleman.  He  was 
elected  to  office,  and  at  once  the  Attorney-General  issued  an 
opinion  declaring  it  illegal  to  sell  bonds  over  the  counter,  and 
calling  attention  to  the  statute  which  required  the  State  Treas- 
tirer  to  advertise  for  bids.  Mr.  Mansfield  said  nothing.  He 
was  inducted  into  office,  and  when  the  time  came  for  issuing 
bonds,  the  amount  being  in  excess  of  $6,000,000,  he  caused 
advertisements  to  be  inserted  in  the  newspapers  announcing 
that  he  would  receive  bids  for  the  bonds,  in  any  amounts  or 
in  whole.  When  the  time  came  for  opening  the  bids  bankers 
and  brokers  assembled  as  usual  to  learn  of  the  result  and  the 
awards.  Mr.  Mansfield  opened  the  bids  in  public  and  an- 
nounced that  he  would  have  a  statement  at  3 :  30  that  after- 
noon. At  the  appointed  time  he  announced  that  he  had 
under  the  right  given  him  by  the  statute,  rejected  all  the  bids, 
and  that  he  now  proposed,  in  conformity  with  the  pledge  matle 
before  election,  to  sell  the  bonds  over  the  counter.  At  once 
there  was  a  great  howl  from  brokers.  Mr.  Mansfield  remained 
serene.  He  pointed  to  his  ante-election  promises,  made  pub- 
licly and  repeatedly,  pointed  to  the  statute  requiring  him  to 
advertise  for  bids,  which  he  had  done,  and  then  pointed  again 
to  the  statute  which  permitted  him  to  accept  or  reject  the  bids. 


—  Bernard  H.  Miller,  of  the  Miller  &  Arthur  Drug  Co., 
of  Quincy,  III.,  has  been  in  the  drug  business  for  just  half  a 
century,  and  in  honor  of  this  event  the  employees  of  the  com- 
pany gave  him  a  "surprise  call"  and  presented  him  with  a 
gold  watch  and  chain,  those  present  being  C.  A.  E.  Koch, 
secretary  and  treasurer;  M.  J.  Reed,  Adam  Schmitt,  Alois  EIzi, 
F.  E.  Nussle,  Ben  Welsch,  George  J.  Murphy,  George  Renert, 
H.  J.  Wheeler,  Albert  Riggs,  Carrol  Wagy,  Lyman  Wagy, 
Clem  Strothoff,  August  Wachter,  Con  Rummenie  and  Miss 
Louise  Bates.  Mr.  Miller  was  born  in  Germany,  and  was 
brought  to  this  country  by  his  parents  in  1849.  He  was 
originally  a  newsboy,  selling  papers  on  the  steamboats  as  they 
touched  at  Quincy,  but  on  March  1,  1864,  he  entered  the  employ 
of  druggist  A.  Zimmermann.  Then  he  went  to  St.  Louis  and 
obtained  employment  with  Jacob  S.  Merrell,  who  later  founded 
the  Merrell  Drug  Co.  When  the  St.  Louis  School  of  Pharmacy 
was  opened  Mr.  Miller  became  one  of  the  first  students.  The 
cholera  swept  St.  Louis  in  1866  and  Mr.  Miller  returned  to 
Quincy  and  entered  the  drug  business  there.  In  1869  he 
entered  into  partnership  with  George  Terdenge  and  for  a  time 
operated  a  store  at  Ninth  and  Broadway.  In  1 874  they  became 
associated  with  Aldo  Sommer,  the  firm  name  becoming  Som- 
mer,  Miller  &  Terdenge.  Later  they  purchased  Mr.  Sommer's 
interest,  and  took  in  Albert  Sellner,  the  firm  name  changing  to 
Miller,  Terdenge  &  Co.  Mr.  Terdenge  then  withdrew  in  1879, 
rnd  William  A.  Arthur  was  taken  in,  the  firm  becoming 
Miller,  Arthur  &  Sellner.  Later  the  last-mentioned  partner 
sold  out  and  the  firm  became  Miller  &  Arthur.  It  was  incor- 
porated in  1900.  Mr.  Arthur  sold  out,  and  his  interests  were 
taken  by  C.  A.  E.  Koch  and  E.  Percy  Brown.  Mr.  Miller  is 
a  prominent  figure  in  Quincy,  vice-president  of  the  Chamber 
of  Commerce  and  one  of  the  chief  organizers  of  the  Young 
Men's  Business  Association.  Aldo  Sommer,  who  is  84  years  of 
age,  is  the  oldest  druggist  in  Quincy,  and  Mr.  Miller  is  the 
ne.xt  oldest. 

—  Ernest  C.  Marshall,  of  Boston,  has  taken  up  his  resi- 
dence in  Columbus,  Ohio,  and  assumed  his  duties  as  advertising, 
manager  and  associate  editor  of  the  Journal  of  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  which  is  published  there.  Mr. 
Marshall  is  a  native  of  Boston,  where  he  has  passed  his  life. 
He  entered  the  drug  business  at  the  age  of  14,  is  a  graduate 
of  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy,  and  has  been  both 
vice-president  and  a  trustee  of  that  institution.  He  has  also 
been  president  of  the  Alumni  Association  of  the  College.  He 
joined  the  A. Ph. A.  in  1875.  From  a  political  standpoint,  his 
lif  has  been  a  busy  one.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Boston 
Common  Council  for  two  years,  a  member  of  the  Boston  School 
Board  for  three  years,  and  has  also  been  Institutions  Commis- 
sioner and  Penal  Institutions  Commissioner  for  Suffolk  county 
(Boston).  He  has  been  president  of  the  Massachusetts  Ph. A., 
of  which  he  is  a  life  member;  of  the  Boston  Druggists'  Asso- 
ciation, the  Suffolk  Drug  Co.,  and  the  Suffolk  Drug  Club. 
For  a  number  of  years  he  was  the  Boston  correspondent  for  the 
Journal  of  the  N.A.R.D.  (N.A.R.D.  Notes),  and  he  wrote 
the  New  England  letter  for  the  journal  with  which  he  is  now 
associated.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Pilgrim  Publicity  Associa- 
tion, the  leading  body  of  New  England  advertising  men,  and 
has  been  engaged  in  newspaper  and  advertising  work  for  more 
than  a  decade.     Mr.  Marshall   is  an  enthusiastic  worker  and 


166 


THE   PHARilACEUTICAL   ERA 


[April,  1914 


will  be  missed  deeply  in  Boston,  although  he  will  be  a  valuable 
acquisition  to  the  drug  circles  of  Columbus,  and  the  State  of 
Ohio,  for  no  one  city — even  Columbus — will  be  able  to  crib, 
cabin  and  confine  his  efforts  for  the  Journal  and  for  the 
A.  Ph.  A. 

—  "Roy"  Oldham,  of  Baltimore,  as  he  is  known  familiarly 
to  his  many  friends  in  and  out  of  the  drug  trade,  was  visited 
recently  by  employees  of  the  city  department  of  the  Henry  B. 
Gilpin  Company,  wholesale  druggists,  of  which  department  he 
is  the  head,  at  his  home  in  Catonsville.  Their  object  was  to 
extend  their  best  wishes  and  pay  a  tribute  of  esteem  on  the 
occasion  of  his  39th  birthday,  and  the  affair  had  been  planned 
with  such  secrecy  that  Mr.  Oldham  did  not  have  the  slightest 
inkling  and  was  taken  completely  by  surprise.  Mr.  Oldham 
had  been  purposely  detained  elsewhere,  and  when  he  reached 
his  residence  he  found  the  guests  awaiting  him  in  the  reception 
room,  the  dining  room  set  for  refreshments  and  these  two  apart- 
ments, as  well  as  the  lower  hall,  trimmed  with  smilax  and 
cut  flowers.  The  decorations  had  been  arranged  by  the  visitors 
with  the  help  of  the  family.  A  string  orchestra  composed  of 
■employees,  and  headed  by  Luther  C.  Dawson,  played  "Auld 
Lang  S\-ne,"  at  the  conclusion  of  which  George  P.  Dittus, 
acting  as  spokesman,  presented  to  Mr.  Oldham  a  handsome 
floral  horseshoe,  nearly  four  feet  high,  with  the  words,  "Good 
Luck"  set  in  electric  lights.  The  recipient  responded  with 
much  feeling,  and  afterward  there  was  more  music  and  all 
hands  sat  down  to  enjoy  the  delicacies  provided.  Mr.  Old- 
ham's connection  with  the  Henry  B.  Gilpin  Company  dates 
back  22  years,  when  he  entered  the  employ  of  Gilpin,  Langdon 
&  Co.  at  the  age  of  17.  When,  in  1904,  the  present  company 
was  formed  to  take  over  the  wholesale  drug  business  of  the 
•old  firm,  Mr.  Oldham  became  one  of  its  principals.  He  is 
widely  known,  not  only  in  the  drug  trade,  but  outside  of  it,  and 
has  established  a  big  reputation  as  an  entertainer.  His  negro 
stories  are  hugely  enjoyed  and  he  is  a  welcom.e  addition  to  any 
company  which  he  may  favor  with  his  presence.  With  it  all, 
he  has  the  reputation  of  being  a  good  business  man,  who  holds 
the  confidence  of  his  associates  and  the  cordial  good-will  of 
those  under  him.  He  was  "bom  and  raised"  in  \'iTginia,  and 
it  was  doubtless  there  that  he  acquired  such  an  intimate 
acquaintance  with  the  negro  character  and  its  peculiarities, 
which  he  is  able  to  present  in  his  stories.  Mr.  Oldham  is  an 
•enthusiastic  automobilist,  a  Mason,  Knight  Templar  and  mem- 
ber of  the  Baltimore  Athletic  Club.  Those  present  at  the 
birthday  gathering  included  George  P.  Dittus,  John  Bell, 
Luther  C.  Dawson,  Herman  Franzke,  Chester  Helen,  Norman 
Brooks.  Howard  Lehr,  Harry  Hoffman,  William  Crawford, 
J.  H.  Crawford,  Frank  Dillf elder,  John  Duer,  Herman  Mentzel 
and  Miss  Marv-  .A..  Thompson. 

—  Harry  B.  Hason,  of  Detroit,  editor,  business  specialist, 
and  drug  man,  address-maker-in-chief  at  many  State  conven- 
tions, and  lecturer  upon  "How  to  Make  Money  in  the  Drug 
Business — with  full  details  as  to  accounting  for  the  overhead," 
has  come  before  the  public, in  new  guise.  On  March  3,  at  the 
John  S.  Gray  branch  of  the  Detroit  Public  Library,  he  lectured 
on  "Charles  Dickens,"  making  the  point  that  the  circumstances 
of  the  early  life  of  the  author  -were  the  mold  in  which  his  art 
and  his  nature  were  cast.  "Hb  father,  John  Dickens,"  said 
Mr.  Mason,  "was  a  na\'y  pay  clerk,  whose  genius  for  impe- 
cuniosity  has  been  rendered  immortal  in  Micawber.  The  boy 
had  a  poverty-stricken  youth,  filled  •with  misery  and  suffering, 
and  not  the  least  of  his  agony  came  when  he  worked  at  a  bench 
in  the  window  of  a  blacking  factory  in  full  view  of  the  passersby. 
For  months,  too,  he  and  his  family  lived  in  Marshalsea  prison, 
into  which  his  father  was  thrown  as  a  debtor.  The  result  of 
such  experiences  was,  despite  their  harrowing  nature  to  a  boy 
■of  such  sensitiveness,  that  Dickens  became  the  great  interpreter 
of  the  poor  and  the  large-hearted  portrayer  and  friend  of  the 
needy.  Not  only  was  Dickens'  early  life  essential  to  his  art 
because  it  gave  him  the  specific  kind  of  training  he  needed 
above  everj-thing  else,  but  because  it  gave  him  material  for  his 
great  galaxy  of  novels.  There  was  in  his  early  life  scarcely  a 
scene,  a  name,  an  incident,  or  a  character  that  was  not  after- 
•wards  reproduced  in  his  work." 

—  Gustave  Klutow,  druggist  at  2400  Webster  avenue,  the 
Bronx,  got  into  the  newspapers  recently  by  routing  a  masked 
and  armed  hold-up  man  who  faced  the  druggist  with  drawn 
pistol  while  the  proprietor  of  the  store  was  at  work  back  of 
the  prescription  counter.  "Throw  up  your  hands,"  was  the 
command,  and  Mr.  Klutow  did  so.     Leaving  the  druggist  with 


hands  up  the  robber  backed  away  to  the  cash  register,  and  was 
lowering  his  pistol  hand  to  depress  the  key  opening  the  money 
receptacle  when  the  druggist  hurled  the  pestle,  with  which  he 
had  been  compounding  the  mLicture,  at  the  thief's  head.  It 
missed  the  mark,  but  broke  several  bottles  filled  with  drugs 
and  chemicals.  .-\s  the  thief  dodged  he  was  grappled  with  by 
the  proprietor  and  the  two  men  rolled  about  the  floor  and 
against  the  cabinets,  knocking  down  bottles  and  turning  the 
orderly  drug  store  into  chaos  in  a  few  moments.  In  the  strug- 
gle Mr.  Klutow  got  hold  of  a  bottle  of  turpentine,  knocked  off 
the  neck  of  the  container  and  poured  the  contents  over  the 
face  of  his  assailant,  who  dropped  his  pistol  and  struggled 
from  the  store,  shouting  and  rubbing  his  hands  over  his  face. 
He  got  away,  for  there  wasn't  a  policeman  in  sight.  Mr. 
Klutow  has  the  black  mask  as  a  souvenir. 

—  George  Smith,  of  Sej-mour,  Conn.,  is  a  typical  New 
England  druggist  with  a  record  of  44  years  in  business.  He 
went  to  Seymour  in  the  Spring  of  1870  and  was  •with  the  firm 
of  Bradley  &  Lum  until  1871,  when  he  bought  out  the  drug 
store  in  Davis'  block,  then  owned  by  Dr.  Davis,  who  removed 
to  Wallingford,  where  Mr.  Smith  remained  until  Jime,  1902, 
when  he  removed  to  the  handsome  store  in  the  Canfield  build- 
ing, opposite  the  R.R.  passenger  station,  where  he  has  since 
remained.  He  married  Julia  M.  Welter,  of  Watertown,  Jan. 
20,  1868,  and  has  one  son,  Clarence  G.  Smith,  who  is  associated 
in  business  with  his  father.  Mr.  Smith  was  for  15  years  regis- 
trar of  vital  statistics,  is  a  veteran  fireman  and  has  served  as 
foreman  of  Citizen  Engine  Co.,  is  a  trustee  of  Nonnawauk 
Tribe,  I.O.R.M.,  a  charter  member  of  Humphrey  Lodge, 
K.  of  P.,  of  Seymour,  and  a  member  of  Federal  Lodge,  F.  & 
.^.M.,  of  Watertown. 

—  Albert  Plaut,  president  of  Lehn  &  Fink,  has  returned 
from  his  European  trip,  and  reports  an  exceedingly  interesting 
series  of  visits  to  the  leading  commercial  centers  of  Germany, 
France  and  Great  Britain.  Martin  Gerbing,  manager  of  the 
Lehn  &  Fink  works,  accompanied  him.  Mr.  Plaut  found 
business  in  drug  and  chemical  lines  on  about  the  same  footing 
as  a  year  ago.  He  found,  however,  that  the  political  unrest 
on  the  Continent  and  increased  ta.xation  there  had  somewhat 
curtailed  business,  although  dividends  of  the  leading  companies 
are  still  relatively  large.  He  referred  particularly  to  the  5  per 
cent,  income  taxes  levied  upon  rich  and  poor  alike  in  Germany 
as  a  burden  compared  with  which  the  income  tax  in  this  coun- 
try is  an  object  of  congratulation,  saying:  "Taking  it  as  a 
whole,  the  citizen  and  subject  in  Europe  is  being  taxed  to  a 
far  greater  extent  than  the  citizen  of  this  country  in  order  to 
obtain  such  protection  as  that  afforded  every  person  in  the 
United  States,  and  is  also  restricted  in  his  business  operations 
by  business  unrest  such  as  we  have  never  known." 

—  Dr.  P.  Samuel  Stout  is  chairman  of  the  committee 
having  in  charge  the  proposed  raising  of  a  fund  of  half  a 
million  dollars  to  secure  an  improved  location  for  the  Philadel- 
phia College  of  Pharmacy,  building,  equipment  and  endowment 
fimd,  prior  to  the  celebration  of  the  100th  anniversary  of  the 
foimding  of  the  college  in  1821.  The  other  members  of  the 
committee,  active  and  ex-officio,  are:  O.  W.  Osterlund,  R.  H. 
Lackey,  W.  L.  Cliffe,  J.  W.  England,  E.  F.  Cook,  W.  H.  Poley, 
F.  P.  Stroup,  H.  C.  Blair,  M.  R.  La  Wall,  secretary;  Howard 
B.  French,  president  of  the  college;  George  M.  Beringer,  chair- 
man of  the  Board  of  Trustees,  and  Joseph  P.  Remington,  dean 
of  the  college.  In  addition  to  this  executive  committee  a  gene- 
ral committee  of  100  or  more,  with  local  sub-committees  and 
chairmen,  will  assist  in  the  work. 

—  George  B.  Merrell,  vice-president  of  the  J.  S.  Merrell 
Drug  Co.,  St.  Louis,  is  a  member  of  the  Business  ilen's  League 
committee  on  publication.  Merrell  P.  Waldridge,  2d  vice- 
president  of  the  Merrell  company,  and  Vice-President  George 
R.  Merrell  are  members  of  the  membership  committee,  and  the 
latter  is  also  on  the  postal  committee.  President  C.  P.  Wal- 
bridge,  of  the  drug  company,  is  a  member  of  the  river  improve- 
ment and  National  Guard  committees.  A.  B.  Lambert,  presi- 
dent of  the  Lambert  Pharmacal  Co. ;  E.  W.  Rose,  president  of 
the  X.  W.  Rose  Medicine  Co.,  and  F.  M.  Switzer,  president  of 
the  Missouri  Candy  Co.,  are  members  of  the  membership  com- 
mittee. 

—  Percy  N.  Hall,  a  druggist  for  18  years,  has  been  elected 
chairman  of  the  Westfield  (Mass.)  Board  of  Selectmen.  He 
was  bom  in  Turners'  Falls,  and  after  his  schooling  entered  the 
drug  business.     His  store  is  at  the  comer  of  Elm  and  School 


April,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


167 


streets,  Westfield,  in  a  building  of  which  he  is  the  owner. 
He  has  been  in  Westiield  nearly  eight  years,  and  prior  to  that 
time  was  employed  in  Turners'  Falls,  Shelburne  Falls,  Holy- 
oke  and  Springfield.  He  is  connected  with  several  of  the  local 
clubs  and  lodges  and  has  served  as  secretary  of  the  Westfield 
Board  of  Trade.  He  was  at  one  time  chairman  of  the  Repub- 
lican town  committee  in  Shelburne  Falls  and  has  served  in  the 
same  capacity  in  Westfield. 

—  Gilbert  R.  Parker,  of  Providence,  R.  I.,  has  retired  from 
the  drug  business  after  having  conducted  a  drug  store  in  Odd 
Fellows  block,  Olneyville,  since  1S86.  He  sold  his  business  to 
'Claude  Flowers,  who  has  acted  as  manager  of  the  store  since 
Mr.  Parker's  appointment  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Con- 
trol and  Supply,  and  the  latter's  acceptance  of  the  secretary- 
ship of  that  body.  Mr.  Flowers  learned  the  business  with 
Mr.  Parker,  and  is  a  graduate  of  the  Rhode  Island  College  of 
Pharmacy  and  Allied  Sciences.  Mr.  Parker  was  one  of  the 
first  druggists  to  open  a  store  in  what  is  now  the  annexed 
■district  of  Providence.  He  was  first  associated  as  a  partner 
with  Walter  Saunders. 

—  Lynn  Fort,  manager  of  the  Lamar  &  Rankin  Drug  Co., 
Atlanta,  Ga.,  and  one  of  the  best-known  drug  men  in  the  New 
South,  believes  that  this  will  be  a  good  business  year.  The 
February  figures  for  his  house,  for  instance,  showed  a  healthy 
increase  over  those  for  last  year.  Mr.  Fort  says :  "I  can  see 
no  chance  of  business  being  other  than  good  in  Georgia  for  the 
next  six  months,  because  the  next  si.x  months'  business  will 
be  done  on  the  basis  of  the  present  conditions.  The  business 
after  that  time  will  depend  on  this  year's  crop.  I  traveled 
through  Middle  Georgia  recently  and  the  progress  made  by  the 
farmers  indicates  that  the  crop  returns  will  be  satisfactory  also." 

—  Prof.  Emile  F.  Pernot,  Oregon  and  Portland  bacte- 
riologist, has  taken  the  chair  of  bacteriology  at  the  North 
Pacific  College  of  Pharmacy,  Portland,  and  is  instructing  stu- 
dents in  the  departments  of  pharmacy  and  dentistry.  He  has 
devoted  his  time  to  the  study  of  bacteriology  for  the  past  30 
years,  and  began  his  studies  with  Dr.  Pearson,  of  Philadelphia. 
He  was  the  discoverer  of  tuberculosis  in  fowls,  and  was  the 
first  to  find  rabies  and  hog  cholera  in  Oregon.  For  19  years 
he  was  with  the  Oregon  Agricultural  College,  and  for  13  years 
has  been  State  Bacteriologist  of  Oregon,  filling  that  office  since 
its  creation. 

—  Dr.  H.  M.  'Whelpley,  of  St.  Louis,  has  been  elected 
president  of  the  Cahokia  Mound  Association,  organized  in  St. 
Louis.  The  object  of  the  association  is  to  induce  Congress  to 
buy  and  maintain  the  great  Cahokia  mound  and  smaller  man- 
made  mounds  in  the  vicinity  as  a  National  park.  Cahokia 
Mound,  built  by  the  Mound  Builders,  is  said  to  be  the  largest 
prehistoric  work  in  America.  Dr.  Whelpley  has  been  leading 
in  the  effort  to  have  this  mound  preserved,  together  with  the 
more  than  60  smaller  mounds  in  an  area  of  about  760  acres  in 
Madison  and  St.  Clair  counties,  111.,  across  the  river  from 
St.   Louis. 

—  Mrs.  Eugene  T.  Senseney,  who  was  the  chief  ally  of 
State  Food  and  Drug  Inspector  F.  H.  Fricke,  of  Missouri,  in 
his  endeavor  to  clean  up  grocery  stores,  restaurants  and  drug 
stores  in  St.  Louis,  has  been  appointed  a  deputy  prosecutor 
by  Prosecuting  Attorney  Sidener.  She  is  the  only  woman  in 
St.  Louis  ever  appointed  to  such  an  office.  She  has  worked  for 
12  hours  a  day  for  the  past  three  months  in  instilling  ideals 
of  cleanliness  and  sanitation,  and  it  is  said  she  is  particularly 
pleased  with  her  badge  of  office,  as  it  is  indicative  of  the 
authority  she  now  has  to  enforce  her  commands. 

—  Herman  A.  Gralike,  proprietor  of  Gralike's  pharmacy, 
2263  South  King's  highway,  near  Old  Manchester  road,  St. 
Louis,  beat  the  Spring  poets  to  it — he  broke  into  song  while 
there  was  snow  on  the  ground.  He  didn't  try  to  have  his 
effusions  published.  He  did  what  no  poet  is  supposed  to  do — 
he  did  a  practical  thing.  He  printed  his  poems  neatly  on 
cardboard  and  strips  of  paper  and  set  them  in  his  show 
windows  in  attractive  positions.  The  poems  caused  a  lot  of 
favorable  talk.  Persons  riding  by  there  in  street  cars  spoke  of 
the  signs  on  reaching  downtown. 

—  Miss  Elizabeth.  K.  Meyer,  daughter  of  Theodore  F. 
Meyer,  president  of  the  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  St.  Louis,  was 
married  recently  to  Newton  McDowell,  a  St.  Louis  insurance 
man.  The  wedding  was  to  have  taken  place  some  time  ago  but 
■diphtheria,  followed  by  scarlet  fever,  confined  the  bridegroom 
to   his    home,    and   postponement    followed    until   such    time   as 


Mr.  McDowell  should  have  recovered  fully.  The  first  plan  was 
for  an  elaborate  wedding,  but  the  ceremony  was  a  quiet  one 
at  the  home  of  the  bride. 

—  F.  R.  Burtch,  who  until  recently  was  manager  of  the 
prescription  department  of  Dodd's  Drug  Co.,  Buffalo,  has  joined 
the  sales  force  of  Sharp  &  Dohme.  He  has  been  assigned  the 
Albany  and  Hudson  River  territory,  with  headquarters  at 
Albany.  Mr.  Burtch  is  a  graduate  of  the  Buffalo  College  of 
Pharmacy,  and  while  he  had  not  previously  had  any  road 
experience,  his  thorough  knowledge  of  the  retail  drug  business, 
coupled  with  his  energy  and  tactfuhiess,  assures  him  success  in 
his  new  field. 

—  W.  A.  Caperton,  sales  manager  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co., 
called  upon  the  Lilly  salesmen  and  friends  in  the  jobbing  trade 
in  St.  Paul  and  Minneapolis  early  in  March.  Mr.  Caperton 
also  spent  several  days  in  Chicago  introducing  R.  A.  Whidden, 
recently  promoted  to  the  managership  of  the  Chicago  branch 
of  the  company.  Mr.  Caperton  was  accompanied  by  William 
McGibbon,  formerly  of  the  Chicago  branch,  and  now  manager 
of  the  Missouri  River  department  of  the  Lilly  company. 

—  F.  K.  Easterwood,  one  of  the  best-known  druggists  in 
the  Meadville  section  of  Pennsylvania,  celebrated  his  25th 
anniversary  as  a  proprietor  there  on  March  6,  he  having  pur- 
chased a  new  stock  and  opened  a  store  at  Park  avenue  and 
Chestnut  street  on  March  6,  1889.  Altogether  he  has  had  37 
years'  experience  in  the  drug  business  in  different  parts  of  the 
country,  in  New  York  State,  Laramie,  Wyo. ;  Salt  Lake  City, 
Utah,  and  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

—  Fred  F.  Kempf ,  one  of  the  druggists  at  Boyson's,  Cedar 
Rapids,  Iowa,  has  been  receiving  many  congratulations  upon 
the  wall  panels  he  has  painted  for  the  soda  grill,  which  is  one 
of  the  most  famous  in  the  West.  Mr.  Kempf  is  the  window 
trimmer  and  card  writer  for  the  store  as  well  as  a  clerk  in  the 
drug  department.  The  pictures  reproduced  are  of  Charles 
Schreyvogle's  Western  scenes,  "My  Bunkie,"  "Doomed,"  "The 
Scout"  and  the  "Last  Drop."  The  work  is  considered  excellent 
in  detail  and  in  the  fidelity  in  coloring  and  drawing  to  the 
famous  originals. 

—  John  J.  Seiberz,  who  has  been  president  of  the  Louis- 
ville (Ky.)  Retail  Druggists'  Association  for  three  terms,  is  one 
of  the  most  energetic  workers  in  the  Bluegrass  State.  He  has 
been  a  member  of  the  Public  Relations  Committee  of  the 
N.A.R.D.  for  several  years,  and  was  at  one  time  president 
of  the  Louisville  College  of  Pharmacy.  He  is  the  Kentucky 
representative  of  the  Tampa-Cuba  Cigar  Co. 

—  Miss  Marie  C.  Reichel,  4130  North  Senate  avenue, 
Indianapolis,  was  the  only  girl  to  take  the  examination  for 
full  registered  pharmacist  at  the  recent  examinations  of  the 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  and  passed  with  the  highest  grade. 
She  was  formerly  employed  in  a  North  Side  pharmacy,  and  is 
at  present  a  teacher  in  a  local  school  of  pharmacy,  having  fol- 
lowed the  business  for  a  number  of  years. 

—  Jack  J.  Hinman,  Indianapolis  city  chemist  for  the 
last  two  years,  has  accepted  the  position  of  assistant  director 
of  the  epidemiological  laboratory  of  the  University  of  Iowa  at 
Iowa  City.  Dr.  Charles  S.  Woods,  until  recently  medical  coun- 
sel for  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  is  director  of  the  laboratory  as  well  as 
State  epidemiologist  and  professor  of  preventative  medicine  in 
the  University. 

—  C.  S.  Porter,  chairman  of  the  committee  on  papers  and 
queries  of  the  Kentucky  Ph. .A.,  is  making  energetic  preparation 
for  the  presentation  of  a  diversified  and  unusually  important 
collection  of  papers  at  the  meeting  at  Lexington,  June  16-18. 
"Live  subjects"  only  will  be  discussed,  and  it  is  stated  that 
eminent  physicians  will  be  asked  to  participate  in  the  dis- 
cussions. 

—  Edmund  Wilson,  proprietor  of  the  City  drug  store  at 
Belfast,  Me.,  has  sold  out  to  Norman  A.  Reed,  of  Portland  and 
Belfast,  the  transfer  to  take  place  the  first  of  this  month.  Mr. 
Wilson  went  to  Belfast  as  a  clerk  in  the  City  drug  store  26 
years  ago  last  January,  purchased  the  business  in  1900,  and  has 
since  conducted  it.     He  will  take  a  long  vacation. 

— .  Ernst  0.  Engstrom,  proprietor  of  the  Engstrom  phar- 
macy. North  street,  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  and  well  known  through 
his  affiliations  with  National  organizations  and  through  his 
association  with  Boards  of  Pharmacy  work,  addressed  the 
Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy  students  on  March  4, 
t  king  as  his  subject   "Pharmacies  in  Europe." 


16S 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


—  Carl  Meyer,  of  St.  Louis,  was  elected  president  of  the 
Xational  Coopers'  Association  at  the  recent  annual  convention 
at  Hotel  Jefferson,  St.  Louis.  Other  oflacers  named:  L.  K. 
DeBus,  Cincinnati,  vice-president;  S.  C.  Xancarrow,  Terar- 
kana,  .Ark.,  2d  vice-president;  Charles  Mueller,  Waterloo,  Ont., 
5d  vice-president ;  F.  G.  Bennett,  St.  I^ouis,  secretar>'  and 
treasurer.  Executive  committee:  Walker  L.  Wellford,  Mem- 
phis. Tenn. ;  W.  Palmer  Clarkson,  St.  Louis;  M.  H.  Ritz- 
woiiiiT.  Chicago;  ^L  H.  G.  Herget,  Pekin,  111.;  J.  E.  Murphy, 
Peoria,  III.     Xe.xt  convention  at  San  Francisco. 

—  T.  Howard  Zmbert  was,  on  March  18,  appointed 
receiver  of  the  Sadtler  Drug  Sundrv-  Co.,  440-A  Equitable 
building.  Baltimore,  after  it  had  been  adjudged  a  bankrupt 
on  its  own  petition  by  Judge  Rose  of  the  United  States  Court. 
Bond  for  S3000  was  given  by  the  receiver,  who  will  act  until 
a  trustee  is  appointed.  The  liabilities  are  put  at  $8448,  SS173 
unsecured,  and  the  assets  at  $7200. 

—  Wesley  C.  Foster,  who  has  completed  his  life  as  a 
clerk  at  the  Engstrom  pharmac>-  in  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  has  pur- 
chased a  store  in  Millbur^-.  He  has  been  with  the  Engstrom 
store  for  11  years.  For  10  years  he  was  the  collector  for  the 
Royal  Arcanum,  and  he  was  presented  with  a  gold  charm  by 
members  of  the  order  when  he  left  Pittsfield. 

—  Frank  E.  Frost,  for  five  or  six  years  secretary  of  the 
Ohio  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  during  which  time  he  prose- 
cuted a  number  of  druggists  for  selling  cocaine,  was  arrested 
recently  on  the  charge  of  having  committed  the  same  offence. 
He  gave  his  occupation  as  a  physician  and  pharmacist  when 
arraigned.     He  was  discharged  by  a  jury. 

—  Julius  A.  Haag',  of  Haag  Brothers,  operating  a  number 
of  drug  stores,  has  bought  a  business  block  at  37  Illinois 
street,  Indianapolis,  for  S60,200.  During  the  last  month  Haag 
Brothers  opened  a  new  store  at  Illinois  and  Pearl  streets  to 
take  the  place  of  the  one  closed  on  accotmt  of  the  razing  of 
the  old  Occidenul  Hotel  building. 

—  E.  M.  Partridge,  druggist,  of  Miller's  Falls,  Mass., 
observed  his  25th  anniversary  as  a  business  man  there  on  March 
2d  by  inviting  the  people  of  that  community  to  his  store. 
Practically  the  entire  population  turned  out  to  do  him  honor, 
and,  incidentally,  to  take  home  the  candy  and  cigars  so  gene- 
rously distributed  by  ilr.  Partridge. 

—  Dr.  P.  N.  Evans,  professor  of  chemistry  at  P>irdue 
L'niversity,  spoke  on  "Sentiment  in  Science"  at  the  annual 
banquet  of  the  Indiana  section  of  the  American  Chemical 
Society  at  the  Severin  Hotel,  Indianapolis.  An  extra  edition 
of  a  "newspaper"'  was  circulated  and  this  contained  a  number 
of  clever  "hits"  on  the  members. 

—  A.  M.  Hopper,  with  ilrs.  Hopper,  recently  moved  into 
their  new  home  at  71  Middleton-n  street,  Jamaica,  L.  I.  Here- 
tofore Mr.  Hopper  has  resided  in  Brook!™,  but,  as  his  territory 
can  be  worked  to  much  better  advantage  from  Jamaica,  he 
decided  to  purchase  a  home  and  make  his  permanent  head- 
quarters in  that  place. 

—  G.  Barrett  Moxley,  president  of  the  A.  Kiefer  Drug 
Co.;  W  J.  Mooney,  president  of  the  Mooney-Mueller  Drug 
Co.,  and  Charles  J.  Lynn,  general  manager  of  Eli  Lilly  &:  Co., 
have  been  elected  to  the  governing  board  of  the  wholesale  trade 
division  of  the  Indianapolis  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

—  Dr.  E.  U.  McSeel,  of  Delmar,  Iowa,  after  more  than 
20  years  as  a  druggist  in  that  town,  has  sold  his  establishment 
to  E.  W.  Westphal,  of  Olin,  and  retired.  As  both  druggist  and 
physician  he  was  one  of  the  best-known  men  in  the  country. 
He  has  been  recommended  for  the  postmastership. 

—  Former  Mayor  Cyrus  P.  Walbridge,  president  of 
the  ilerrell  Drug  Co_,  St.  Louis,  has  been  elected  president  of 
the  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution  in  St.  Louis.  The 
annual  banquet  of  the  societ>-,  to  commemorate  the  battle  of 
Concord  and   Lexington,   will   be  held  April   18. 

— •  M.  Daniel  Berthelot,  son  of  the  famous  chemist, 
Marceliin  Berthelot,  and  a  professor  at  the  Ecole  Superieure 
de  Pharmacie  de  Paris,  was  recently  elected  a  member  in  the 
section  of  pharmacy  of  the  .Academie  de  Medicine  of  Paris, 
taking  the  place  of  the  late  M.  Yvon. 

—  Edward  T.  Grenacher,  who  retired  recently  from  the 
proprietorship  of  the  Christie  Drug  Co.,  of  Quinc>%  111.,  to  go 
with  his  family  to  the  Pacific  .Coast,  was  given  a  f.TTewell  ban- 
quet by  his  friends,  30  or  more  being  present  at  a  spread  at  a 
Quincy  restaurant. 


—  Daniel  R.  Jones,  of  Milwaukee,  operating  one  of  the 
busiest  downtown  pharmacies  in  Milwaukee,  is  preparing  to 
inslal  a  modem  iceless  soda  foimtain  in  his  store  at  122 
Wisconsin  street.  Bids  are  now  being  received.  Mr.  Jones 
has  a  big  fountain  trade  and  the  new  equipment  has  become 
absolutely  neccssarj'. 

—  Otto  W.  Osterlund,  recently  appointed  a  member  of 
the  Pennsylvania  Board  of  Pharmaceutical  Examiners,  was 
tendered  a  complimentarv'  banquet  by  friends  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Drug  Club  March   16.     Forty  or  more  were  present. 

—  I.  A.  Hirschberg,  of  the  Hirschberg  Company,  drug- 
gists' sundries,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  declares  that  the  practice  of  using 
nationally  advertised  goods  to  pull  trade  on  the  rest  of  their 
lines  of  simdrics  is  a  method  becoming  less  and  less  effective. 

—  Williaia  J.  Mooney,  president  of  the  Mooney-Mueller 
Drug  Co.,  has  been  appointed  chairman  of  the  emergency 
relief  committee  and  a  member  of  the  insurance  committee  of 
the  Indianapolis  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

—  H.  H.  Clifford,  of  X"ew  York  City,  is  named  as  one  of 
the  incorporators  of  the  Physicians'  Research  Laboratory,  a 
512,000  concern,  chartered  to  finance  expeditions  into  South 
.\merica  in  search  of  medicinal  drugs. 

—  M.  B.  Lairy,  J.  S.  Lairy  and  George  H.  Babcock  have 
organized  the  Red  Cross  Pharmacy  Co.  to  conduct  a  retail 
pharmacy  at  Logansport,  Ind.,  and  the  company  has  been  in- 
corporated with  515,000  capital. 

—  O.  J.  CJoughly,  whose  term  as  president  of  the  St. 
Louis  R.D..\.  e-xpired  recently,  has  been  presented  with  a  gold 
medal  by  the  members  of  that  organization  as  a  token  of  their 
appreciation  of  his  services. 

—  Clarence  Dotten,  who  has  been  manager  of  the  Bristol 
(Conn.)  Drug  Co.'s  Main  street  store  in  Ansonia,  has  pur- 
chased a  drug  store  in  Fair  Haven  and  will  be  both  manager 
and  proprietor. 

—  Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  Barrett  Moxley,  who  spent  a  month 
in  the  Bermudas,  have  returned  to  their  home  in  Indianapolis. 
Mr.  Moxiey  is  president  of  the  A.  Kiefer  Drug  Company  of 
that  city. 

—  T.  A.  Miller  has  been  appointed  by  Gov.  Henrj-  C. 
Stuart  to  succeed  himself  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Phar- 
macy of  Virginia  for  the  term  of  five  vears,  begiiming  March 
1,  1914. 

—  E.  H.  Mayne,  H.  Bnming  and  D.  E.  Ushkow  are  the 
incorporators  of  the  David  Laboratories,  manufacturers  of 
drugs,  etc.,  a  new  SIOO.OOO  Xew^  York  corporation. 

—  Henry  S.  Mayer,  who  is  associated  with  his  father  in 
the  drug  firm  of  Peter  Mayer  &  Son,  Marshalltown,  Iowa,  has 
been  m.arried  to  !Miss  Gladys  Leota  Arnold. 

—  D.  N.  McMillan,  for  a  number  of  years  Northwestern 
representative  of  the  .Arlington  Chemical  Co.,  Yonkers,  N.  Y., 
has  been  transferred  to  Michigan  territory. 

—  Benjamin  A.  LUianthal,  of  X'ew  York,  has  been  ap- 
pointed pharmacist  in  the  State  Department  of  Health  by  State 
Health  Commissioner  Biggs. 

—  William  G.  BreitenpoMer,  secretary  and  treasurer  of 
the  .\\i.  W.  Pauley  Drug  Co.,  and  iliss  Mirmie  West,  of  St. 
Louis,  were  married  recently. 

—  Wm.  Simon,  professor  emeritus  of  the  Maryland  College 
of  Pharmacy,  of  Baltimore,  is  giving  lectures  at  various  places  on 
color  photography. 

—  James  Franklin  Gallagher,  a  druggist  of  Dayton, 
Ohio.  h£s  been  married  to  Miss  Frances  Roberts,  of  ShelbjTille, 
that  State. 

—  Harry  E.  Clxristena,  of  the  A.  Kiefer  Drug  Co.,  In- 
dianapolis, has  been  elected  president  of  the  Marion  Club  in 
that  city. 

—  W.  K.  Potter,  who  for  more  than  three  months  has  been 
ill  with  typhoid  fever  has  sufficiently  recovered  to  return  to 
business. 

—  J.  P.  Mahon,  Jr.,  has  been  elected  president  of  the 
Texas  Drug  &  Medicine  Co.,  Xewton,  Texas,  a  $10,000  cor- 
poration. 

—  F.  K.  Femald,  secretary  of  tlie  Dr.  Miles  Medical  Co, 
Elkhart,  Ind^  was  a  recent  visitor  to  the  X^ew  York  drug  trade. 

—  William  H.  Kahre,  manager  of  the  Lilly  branch,  St. 
Louis,  is  out  after  undergoing  a  surgical  operation. 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


169 


Obituaries 


Alfred  G.  Yeonians. 
Alfred  G.  Yeomans,  well-known  in  this  city  as  president  of 
the  one-time  firm  of  Reid,  Yeomans  &  Cubitt,  which  until  a 
year  or  so  ago  conducted  the  pharmacy  at  140  Nassau  street, 
<iied  March  17  at  East  Millstone,  N.  J.  Mr.  Y'eomans  never 
fully  recovered  from  a  nervous  breakdown  which  took  him 
from  his  business  several  years  ago,  and  it  was  upon  his  recent 
return  from  a  trip  of  less  than  a  month's  duration  to  Panama 
that  he  was  taken  down  with  cramps  of  the  stomach.  He  was 
ill  only  a  week  or  so  when  death  ensued,  the  immediate  cause 
being  heart  troub'e.  Mr.  Y'eomans  was  at  one  time  in  the 
employ  of  Hegeman  &  Co.,  at  196  Broadway.  In  1900  he 
joined  the  firm  of  Reid,  Y'eomans  &  Cubitt,  opening  a  drug 
store  at  140  Nassau  street.  The  anniversary  celebrations, 
which  were  featured  by  the  giving  away  of  thousands  of 
souvenirs  and  the  consequent  assembling  of  crowds  requiring 
the  special  attention  of  the  police,  were  characteristic  of  the 
methods  employed  to  get  the  New  York  public  to  enter  this 
basement  drug  emporium.  In  1909  Mr.  Y'eomans,  in  partner- 
ship with  W.  L.  Snow,  opened  the  drug  store  in  the  Washing- 
ton Irving  apartment  at  Broadway  and  151st  street.  At  one 
time  Mr.  Yeomans  was  also  connected  with  drug  stores  in 
Brooklyn,  one  of  these  at  752  Union  street,  now  being  con- 
ducted as  Reid  &  Yeomans.  At  the  time  of  Mr.  Yeomans' 
breakdown  in  1911,  the  management  of  the  Nassau  street  store 
w'as  in  the  hands  of  his  brother,  Sidney  C.  Y'eomans,  of 
Chicago,  the  latter  remaining  in  charge  until  its  sale  to  the 
present  proprietors. 


Henry  A.  Elliott. 
Henry  A.  Elliott,  the  Nestor  of  the  Baltimore  drug  trade, 
died  March  9,  after  an  illness  of  several  months  with  heart 
disease  and  paralysis,  at  his  home,  821  North  .Arlington  ave- 
nue. Mr.  Elliott  was  83  years  of  age  and  the  oldest  phar- 
macist in  the  Monumental  City.  For  half  a  century  he  con- 
ducted a  drug  store  at  Pine  and  Lexington  streets,  with  his 
brother  under  the  firm  name  of  H.  A.  Elliott  &  Bro.  The 
name  remained  unchanged  after  the  death  of  the  brother. 
About  1901  Mr.  Elliott  retired  from  active  pursuits,  the  event 
being  made  the  occasion  for  a  testimonial  banquet  given  by 
a  large  number  of  his  colleagues  in  the  profession.  Mr. 
Elliott  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Maryland  College  of 
Pharmacy,  now  the  Department  of  Pharmacy,  University  of 
Maryland,  and  for  years  the  1st  vice-president  of  that  institu- 
tion. He  also  held  membership  in  the  Maryland  Pharma- 
ceutical Association  and  in  the  American  Pharmaceutical 
Association,  taking  an  active  interest,  in  fact,  in  all  things 
•designed  to  promote  the  welfare  and  the  progress  of  pharmacy. 
He  was  an  intimate  friend  of  Dr.  John  F.  Hancock  and  other 
leaders  of  the  profession  in  Baltimore,  and  was  held  in  the 
highest  esteem.  At  the  time  he  was  taken  ill  he  was  preparing 
for  the  celebration  of  his  diamond  wedding  in  June.  The 
■wife  survives.    There  are  no  children. 


Fred  N.  Oxley. 
Fred  N.  Oxley,  traveling  and  general  representative  for 
Seabury  &  Johnson  for  the  past  16  years,  died  in  the  Henrotin 
Hospital,  Chicago,  recently,  at  the  age  of  66.  He  was  suf- 
fering from  a  complication  of  diseases.  The  funeral  services 
were  held  in  Chicago  on  March  13,  and  the  Chicago  branch  of 
Seabury  &  Johnson  was  closed  during  the  services.  The  body 
was  taken  to  his  former  home  in  Worcester,  Mass.,  and  the 
interment  was  in  the  family  plot  at  Ashland,  same  State. 
Mr.  Oxley  began  as  a  druggist  in  Worcester,  and  after  en- 
tering the  wholesale  branch  of  the  trade  traveled  throughout 
the  country,  from  one  end  to  the  other,  and  became  one  of  the 
best-known  salesmen  in  the  United  States.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Chicago  Veteran  Druggists'  Association,  and  was  a 
regular  attendant  at  the  sessions  of  the  N.W.D.A.,  N.A.R.D. 
and  A. Ph. A.  and  its  branches.  He  was  particularly  prominent 
in  Illinois  in  connection  with  the  Travelers'  Auxiliary  to  the 
Illinois  Ph. A. 


business  for  himself,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  47.  He  was  for- 
merly a  printer.  His  affiliations  were  many.  He  was  a  Past 
Grand  Knight,  Past  State  Deputy,  and  a  trustee  of  the  Knightj 
of  Columbus  and  as  a  State  delegate  represented  that  order 
in  several  National  conventions.  He  was  also  a  r.iomber  cf 
the  St.  Vincent  de  Paul  Society,  the  Portland  Typographiril 
Relief  Society,  Cumberland  County  Pharmaceutical  Association, 
the  Maine  State  Pharmaceutical  Association,  the  .Argonauts 
Association  and  a  director  in  the  .\pothecary  Publishing  Co 
He  took  an  active  interest  in  all  that  pertained  to  the  retail 
drug  business,  and  was  a  member  of  the  committee  on  legisla- 
tion for  the  State  association. 


H.    F.    West,    Sr. 

.After  an  illness  of  less  than  a  week,  H.  F.  West,  Sr.,  one 
of  the  best-known  drug  men  in  Mississippi,  and  a  native  of 
Jefferson  county,  where  he  had  been  in  the  drug  business  all 
his  life,  died  recently  at  Natchez.  He  was  the  proprietor  of  a 
drug  store  at  Fayette  when  a  young  man,  and  later  engaged 
in  the  same  business  in  Natchez.  About  25  years  ago  he  began 
to  travel  for  Finlay,  Dicks  &  Co.,  of  New  Orleans,  and  he  had 
but  recently  associated  himself  with  the  Parker  Blake  Com- 
pany, of  New  Orleans.  He  was  one  of  the  best  known  travel- 
ing men  in  his  State,  and  had  served  as  president  of  the  State 
Ph.. A.  and  of  the  Travelers'  Protective  Association  of  Mis- 
sissippi. 


Isaac    Astor    Jenning'S. 

Isaac  A.  Jennings,  49,  of  the  drug  firm  of  Jennings  &  Brown, 
and  Jennings  &  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  is  dead  after  a  three  days' 
illness.  He  w^as  a  graduate  of  Lincoln  University  with  the 
degree  of  A.B.,  and  also  a  graduate  of  the  Philadelphia  Col- 
lege of  Pharmacy.  In  1898,  in  company  with  his  former 
schoo'mates,  the  late  Edward  P.  Brown  and  brother.  Dr. 
John  Brown,  he  established  the  first  Afro- American  drug  store 
in  Western  Pennsylvania,  known  as  Jennings  &  Brown's 
store,  and  located  at  1010  Wylie  avenue. 


Mrs.   Alice    Good. 

Mrs.  Alice  Good,  the  wife  of  Prof.  J.  M.  Good,  pharmacist 
and  member  of  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  staff  for 
years  and  former  president  of  the  St.  Louis  R.D.A.,  died 
recently  at  her  home,  3734  Westminster  place.  Mrs.  Good  was 
stricken  with  pneumonia  a  week  before  her  death.  She  went 
to  St.  Louis  in  1869,  the  year  of  her  marriage,  and  was  70 
years  old.  She  left  one  daughter,  Mrs.  Theodore  Conzelman 
A  sister,  Mrs.  A.  H.  Mason,  came  from  the  South  for  the 
funeral. 


Dr.  J.   T.   Kinsler. 

Dr.  J.  T.  Kinsler,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Omaha,  Neb.,  is 
dead  following  a  stroke  of  paralysis.  He  was  71  years  of  age. 
He  was  a  druggist  in  Omaha  a  number  of  years  ago,  with  a 
store  in  the  U.S.  National  Bank  building  at  16th  and  Famam 
streets.  He  later  left  the  city,  only  to  return  again.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Knights  of  Columbus,  Elks,  Military  Order 
of  the  Loyal  Legion,  and  of  the  G.A.R. 


BECENT  DEATHS. 


James    T.    State. 

James   T.    State,    a    well-known    druggist    of    Portland,    Me., 
formerly   of   the   firm   of   Butler   &   State,   but   of   late   years   m 


—  James  Curtley  Simmons,  of  Graham,  N.  C,  is  dead, 
after  a  long  and  prosperous  career  as  a  druggist.  He  was 
born  in  Dawson,  Ga.,  Nov.  10,  1861,  and  beginning  in  boy- 
hood as  a  clerk  he  went  into  the  drug  business  for  himself 
in  Newton,  N.  C,  in  1888.  For  the  past  18  years  he  had 
conducted  a  successful  pharmacy — the  Simmons  Drug  Co., 
and  afterwards  the  Alamance  Pharmacy — in  Graham.  He  also 
took  an  active  part  in  municipal  affairs,  serving  as  first  clerk 
of  the  fire  department  and  for  two  terms  as  mayor.  To  his 
vigorous  policy  are  due  some  very  substantial  improvements  in 
the  town.  He  was  buried  with  Masonic  and  Pythian  honors, 
and  the  services  were  attended  by  the  local  fire  department  in 
a   body.     He  leaves   a  widow,   two  sons  and   two   daughters. 

Bernard   Gilpin,   a   brother  of  H.  B.  Gilpin,  president 

of  Gilpin,  Langdon  &  Co.,  drug  millers,  and  of  the  H.  B. 
Gilpin  Co.,  wholesale  druggists,  at  300  West  Lombard  street, 
died  March  1  at  a  Bahimore  hospital  after  an  illness  of  five 
months.  Mr.  Gilpin,  who  was  a  son  of  the  late  Bernard 
Gilpin,  a  member  of  the  old  firm  and  afterward  the  senior, 


170 


THE    PHARIMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[April,  1914 


was  a  mining  engineer  by  profession,  and  had  ako  followed 
ranching  in  Colorado,  being  an  enthusiastic  hunter.  With  him 
H.  B.  Gilpin  was  in  the  habit  years  ago  of  spending  weeks 
at  a  time  to  chase  the  big  game  of  the  Rockies  and  the 
Western  States. 

—  James  T.  Davis,  of  Bowling  Green,  Mo.,  a  druggist, 
recently  died  of  cancer  of  the  stomach  in  St.  Luke's  Hospital, 
St  Louis.  He  had  visited  St.  Louis  to  get  a  diagnosis  of  his 
condition  and  was  preparing  to  return  home  when  death  came. 
He  leaves  a  widow  and  mother  in  Bowling  Green,  children. 
Miss  Louise  Davis,  a  kindergarten  instructor  in  the  O' Fallon 
school,  St.  Louis;  Miss  Dorothy  Davis,  of  Bowling  Green; 
Fred  Davis,  a  chemist,  of  Bartlesville,  Okla.,  and  Robert 
Davis,  a  student  in  the  University  of  Missouri. 

—  LeRoy  Seth  Kellogg,  72,  retired  business  man  and 
druggist  of  Westfield,  Mass.,  is  dead  after  a  short  illness. 
He  went  to  California  as  a  '49er,  was  a  1st  lieutenant  of  the 
42d  Massachusetts  \'olunteers  during  the  Rebellion,  and  in 
1885  opened  a  drug  store  in  Nassau,  Rennsellaer  county,  N.  Y. 
Previous  to  that  time  he  was  in  the  drug  business  in  Castleton- 
on-the-Hudson,  and  a  former  drug  store  of  his  in  Little  Falls 
is  still  conducted  under  the  old  name  of  Kellogg  &  Carrier. 
He  was  a  Mason. 

—  Glascock  Barrett,  51,  a  well-known  druggist  of 
Augusta,  Ga.,  is  dead  following  a  stroke  of  apople.xy.  A 
member  of  one  of  the  best  families  in  Georgia,  following  his 
education,  he  entered  the  wholesale  drug  business  with  his 
father,  the  Hon.  William  Hale  Barrett,  and  after  a  few  years 
became  the  head  of  the  firm  of  Barrett  &  McMaster.  Subse- 
quently he  discontinued  the  drug  business  and  went  to  Atlanta 
as  a  State  official,  and  later  became  the  manager  of  the  Round 
Bale  Cotton  Co. 

—  Kurt  Pabst,  well-known  in  former  years  in  New  York 
pharmaceutical  circles,  died  recently  in  Germany.  While  resi- 
dent in  .America  he  was  a  member  of  the  New  York  press 
clubs,  German  and  American.  He  was  the  society  editor  of 
several  German  dailies  published  in  this  country.  He  was 
also  active  at  one  time  upon  the  editorial  staff  of  a  Chicago 
daily.  When  he  came  to  this  country  he  was  a  pharmacist. 
He  died  at  the  age  of  47  years.    His  birthplace  was  Eisenach. 

—  William  Bender,  57,  a  retired  pharmacist,  formerly  in 
business  in  Milwaukee,  died  recently  at  the  home  of  his 
sister,  Mrs.  Henry  J.  Deuster,  in  Green  Bay,  Wis.  Mr. 
Bender  had  made  his  home  with  his  sister  during  the  past 
year.  Mr.  Bender  had  been  engaged  in  the  drug  business  in 
Milwaukee  for  nearly  40  years  and  for  many  years  had  been 
located  at  874  Greenfield  avenue.  He  is  survived  by  three 
brothers   and   one   sister. 

—  Thomas  S.  McConaughy,  52,  a  druggist  of  202  South 
Main  street,  Washington,  Pa.,  is  dead  of  heart  disease,  having 
been  found  dead  in  his  store  by  a  customer  who  entered  for 
a  prescription.  He  was  born  in  Washington,  had  conducted 
the  same  store  for  the  past  13  years,  and  previous  to  that 
had  been  employed  as  a  druggist  by  L.  S.  Vowell.  He  was 
known  as  the  "dry  druggist,"  as  he  would  not  fill  a  prescrip- 
tion for  into.Tcicants. 

—  Mrs.  Emma  Shepard  Carter,  wife  of  Dr.  Melville 
Carter,  president  of  the  Resinol  Chemical  Company,  of  Balti- 
more, died  recently  at  her  home,  2900  North  Calvert  street, 
after  a  short  illness  of  heart  failure  superinduced  by  diabetes. 
She  was  bom  near  Winchester,  Va.,  and  was  a  daughter  of 
William  Henry  Gold,  a  prominent  educator  of  Frederick 
county,  Va.  Besides  her  husband,  two  sons,  four  brothers  and 
three  sisters  survive. 

—  John  S.  Draper,  70,  one  of  the  oldest  drug  travelers  in 
the  Middle  West,  and  for  many  years  president  of  the  Henry 
M.  Rubel  Co.,  of  Cincinnati,  for  which  he  traveled,  is  dead 
following  a  stroke  of  apople-xy.  He  was  a  native  of  Adams, 
Jefferson  county,  New  York,  and  for  many  years  lived  in 
Oskaloosa,  Iowa.  He  was  a  33°  Mason.  The  funeral  was 
held  at  Perr>',  Iowa,  where  he  died. 

—  Theodore  W.  Bohrbacli,  62,  a  well-known  druggist 
of  Baltimore,  is  dead  after  an  illness  of  two  years.  For  40 
years  he  had  conducted  drug  stores  in  various  sections  of  that 
city,  and  he  was  one  of  the  oldest  pharmacists  there.  He 
was  bom  in  Dresden,  Germany,  <ind  his  father,  the  late  William 
Rohrbach,  was  for  more  than  50  years  a  director  of  the 
Dresden  mint. 


—  Acheson  Calvin  Anderson,  S6,  for  years  in  the  drug 
business  in  different  parts  of  Pennsylvania,  died  recently  at 
the  Mercy  Hospital,  Pittsburgh,  after  a  short  illness  with 
pneumonia.  Mr.  Anderson  went  to  Pittsburgh  about  10  years 
ago  and  organized  the  Anderson  Drug  Co.,  which  he  conducted 
until  his  death.  He  was  a  member  of  several  fraternal  organi- 
zations. 

—  Roy  Thompson,  one  of  the  best-known  druggists  of 
Bureau  county,  111.,  died  in  Spring  Valley,  his  home  city, 
recently,  after  an  illness  of  but  one  week  with  pneumonia. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Thompson  Bros.  Drug  Co.  His 
late  father,  E.  G.  Thompson,  was  for  many  years  druggist  and 
postmaster  at  Spring  Valley. 

—  Henry  F.  Beverforden,  a  native  of  Germany,  and 
for  many  years  a  druggist  in  business  at  Callioun  and  Grand 
streets,  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  died  March  10,  from  dropsy.  He 
went  to  Fort  Wayne  in  the  early  70's,  and  learned  the  drug 
business  in  John  Wagner's  drug  store.  He  started  in  business 
for  himself  in  1877. 

—  George  Maxwell,  a  native  of  Marion,  Pa.,  who  in 
1865  entered  the  drug  business  with  his  brother  at  Champaign, 
111.,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  74.  The  firm  of  Ma.xwell  Bros. 
was  tlie  second  drug  firm  in  Champaign.  Until  10  years  ago, 
when  he  retired,  he  owned  drug  stores  in  Farmer  City  and  in 
Litchfield. 

—  Morris  K.  Sweitzer,  55,  for  27  years  manager  of  the 
various  stores  controlled  by  the  Caswell-Massey  Pharmacy- 
Co.,  and  who  for  the  past  two  years  has  been  the  lessee  of  the 
Freeman  pharmacy,  Amsterdam  avenue  and  82d  street,  is  dead 
following  a  paralytic  stroke.  He  was  a  native  of  Wilkes- 
Barre,  Pa. 

—  James  Courtney  Henning,  a  pioneer  druggist  of 
Minneapolis,  and  a  former  president  of  the  Minnesota  Phar- 
maceutical .'Association,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  68.  He  was  a 
native  of  Steubenville,  Ohio,  in  1846,  and  went  to  Minnesota 
18  years  later.     He  lived  for  many  years  in  Stillwater. 

—  Turner  Adams  Bowen,  president  of  the  Bowen  Drug 
Co.,  of  Newport,  News,  A'a.,  is  dead  of  peritonitis,  having 
been  ill  but  two  hours.  He  began  life  as  a  soda  clerk  in 
Klor's  pharmacy,  later  studied  pharmacy,  and  finally,  after 
clerking  for  several  years,   entered  business  for  himself. 

—  'William  N".  Allen,  one  of  the  best-known  business  men 
in  Havana,  111.,  and  a  druggist  in  that  town  for  more  than 
40  years,  is  dead  after  an  illness  of  several  months.  He  was 
born  in  Mason  county  64  years  ago,  and  had  retired  from 
active  business  at  the  age  of  60. 

—  Thomas  B.  'Yates,  senior  member  of  the  drug  firm  of 
Yates  &  Dillon,  who  operated  a  store  in  Chillicothe,  Ohio,  for 
some  time,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  80.  He  retired  from  the  drug 
business  some  time  ago  and  had  prospered  in  the  abstract 
and  real  estate  business. 

—  Mrs.  J.  A.  Huegel,  mother  of  Henry  O.  A.  Huegel, 
of  St.  Louis,  president  of  the  Missouri  R.D.A.,  and  former 
president  of  the  St.  Louis  R.D.A.,  died  of  apoplexy  while  at 
a  social  function  recently  at  Jefferson  City,  Mo.  Mrs.  Huegel 
was  67  years  old. 

—  A.  C.  'Van  Gilder,  76,  a  prominent  druggist  of  Point 
Pleasant,  W.  Va.,  who  had  been  in  bad  health  for  a  number 
of  years,  is  dead.  For  40  years  he  conducted  a  drug  store  in 
Point  Pleasant,  and  he  was,  as  a  result,  knouTi  all  over  West 
Virginia. 

—  D.  S.  McKean,  head  of  the  firm  of  D.  S.  McKean  & 
Co.,  patent  medicine  manufacturers,  129th  street  and  Park 
avenue.  New  York,  died  March  8  from  heart  disease  at  his 
home  in  New  Rochelle.     He  was  61  years  of  age. 

—  'Willard  S.  Pugh,  postmaster  and  for  many  years  a 
druggist  at  Greenfield,  Ind.,  died  at  his  home  in  that  city 
recently  at  the  age  of  52,  and  leaves  a  widow  and  one  son. 
He  was  17  years  a  druggist  in  Indianapolis. 

— .li.  M.  Ream,  68,  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  is  dead  as  a  result 
of  injuries  received  by  falling  from  a  street  car.  He  had  been 
in  the  drug  business  for  54  years,  entering  it  as  a  boy  of  14, 
and  had  a  pharmacy  at  779  East  Long  street. 

—  W.  A.  Stanford,  62,  a  druggist  in  Iowa,  Florence.  Kan.; 
Marion,  Kan.,  and  Wichita,  same  State,  is  dead  from  diabetes. 
In  1904  he  left  the  drug  business  and  became  associated  with 
a  building  and  loan  association. 


April,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


171 


—  E.  A.  Fink,  druggist,  of  South  Bend,  Ind.,  who  was 
fatally  shot  by  a  would-be  hold-up  man,  died  about  three 
weeks  later.  His  assailant  was  a  mere  youth  who  simply 
intended  robbery. 

—  J.  Leo  Kichards,  a  druggist  of  the  Woodlawn  section 
of  Pawtucket,  R.  I.,  is  dead  after  a  lingering  illness.     He  was 

"     a  native  of  Pawtucket  and  active  in  many  church  and  fraternal 
organizations. 

—  E.  A.  Fox,  a  druggist,  of  Central  Lake,  Mich.,  was 
foimd  dead  recently  in  the  basement  of  his  store.  He  was 
45  years  of  age,  and  leaves  a  widow  and  two  children. 

—George  Peters  Vierling,  80,  for  many  years  engaged 
in  the  wholesale  drug  business  in  Evansville,  Ind.,  and  known 
throughout  the  entire  Ohio  Valley,  died  March  10. 

—  William  McDonnell,  29,  formerly  the  owner  of  a  drug 
store  in  Florence,  Mass.,  in  partnership  with  his  brother, 
John,  is  dead  after  a  long  illness. 

. —  Charles  E.  Vestal,  who  for  many  years  was  a  traveler 
for  the  A.  Kiefer  Drug  Co.,  Indianapolis,  died  at  his  home 
at  Knightstown,  Ind.,  recently. 

—  Dr.  John  Warren  King,  proprietor  of  King's  drug 
store,  \'icksburg.  Miss.,  is  dead.  He  was  a  descendant  of  the 
founder  of  Vicksburg. 

—  Homer  McBride  Harr,  a  druggist  of  Center  Junction, 
Iowa,  is  dead  by  his  own  hand,  following  despondency  due  to 
the  death  of  his  wife. 

—  Frank  A.  Merriam,  38,  a  druggist  of  Maiden,  Alass., 
is  dead  alter  a  fortnight's  illness.  He  was  a  member  of  many 
fraternal  orders. 

—  David  Pringle.  64,  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Ma.xim, 
Pringle  &:   Brush,   makers  of  soaps  and  perfumes,   is  dead. 

—  Arthur  E.  Howard,  38,  owner  of  a  drug  store  at  4455 
North   Clark  street,    Chicago,   is  dead   from   poison. 

—  Albert  S.  Padrick,  68,  one  of  the  best-known  druggists 
in  Kinston,  N.  C,  is  dead. 

—  Harry  P.  Gylsen,  i3,  a  druggist,  of  New  York  City,  is 
dead. 

—  W.   C.   Funk,  35,  a  druggist  at  Corydon,  Ind.,  is  dead. 


News  from  Associations 


A.  Ph.  A.  at  Detroit. 


In  preparing  for  the  August  meeting  of  the  American  Phar- 
maceutical Association  the  various  committees  on  entertainment, 
finance,  and  ladies'  programme  have  gotten  down  to  real  work, 
with  every  determination  to  make  the  1914  convention  the 
banner  meeting  of  the  association.  They  have  ample  "steam" 
and  funds  at  their  disposal,  backed  up  by  the  very  rich  attrac- 
tions which  Detroit  offers  as  a   convention  city. 

The  Michigan  travelers  for  the  drug  trade,  headed  by  Frank 
Kerr,  are  making  it  possible  to  send  the  Journal  of  the  Detroit 
Retail  Druggists'  Association  to  every  druggist  in  the  State. 
Each  issue  bears  some  interesting  article  or  announcement  per- 
taining to  the  August  meeting. 

It  is  expected  that  the  visitors  will  wish  to  catch  some 
glimpses  of  the  huge  industrial  plants  which  have  made  Detroit 
the  greatest  manufacturing  center  in  the  world  for  drugs, 
automobiles,  and  stoves.  The  committee  are  shaping  their 
arrangements  so  that  small  groups  can  make  their  own  selec- 
tions for  sight-seeing  at  their  convenience.  Those  desiring  it 
will  be  welcome  to  inspect  the  world-famous  Ford  plant,  or  any 
of  the  large  stove  works,  or  the  well-known  manufacturing 
pharmacists. 

Entertainment  is  to  be  provided  for  each  evening  during 
convention  week,  if  this  can  be  done  without  prejudice  to  the 
work  of  the  various  sections. 

In  addition  to  the  regular  steamer  excursion  to  the  St. 
Claire  Flats,  in  which  all  the  delegates  and  ladies  will  par- 
ticipate, a  special  boat  ride  is  on  the  carpet,  for  ladies  only, 
to  charming  "Bob-lo"  (Bois  Blanc),  at  the  mouth  of  the 
Detroit  River,  where  dinner  will  be  served.  Theater  parties,. 
card  parties,  and  automobile  rides  will  not  be  overlooked, 
though  the  committee  are  not  yet  able  to  make  definite  an- 
nouncements. 


One  of  the  convention  evenings  will  probably  be  devoted  to 
a  "smoker,"  with  proper  entertainment. 

As  for  the  general  attractions  by  land  and  water,  there  is 
probably  not  another  city  on  the  Continent  that  offers  tlie 
varied  pleasures  which  Detroit  holds  out  to  the  tourist  and 
delegate.  Belle  Isle,  connected  by  bridge  with  the  city  proper, 
is  one  of  the  most  beautiful  parks  in  the  world.  Surrounded 
by  the  two  arms  of  the  Detroit  River  at  almost  equal  distance 
from  the  American  and  Canadian  shores,  its  outside  drive  is 
one  long  feast,  charming  every  inch.  The  county  of  Wayne, 
in  which  Detroit  is  situated,  is  famous  for  its  fine  cement 
motor  roads.  In  every  direction  one  may  drive  for  miles  over 
the  smoothest  of  highways.  The  facilities  for  rowing,  sailing, 
and  all-day  steamer  excursions  across  Lake  Erie  or  Lake  St. 
Claire  are  ideal. 

"Where  to  go"  is  the  perplexing  question  where  there  is 
such  an  embarrassment  of  riches  and  the  time  is  limited. 
Fortunately,  the  visitor  to  the  August  convention  will  be  spared 
the  necessity  of  choosing,  for  he  will  have  the  benefit  of  a 
carefully  planned  programme  in  the  hands  of  men  who  tlior- 
oughly  know  the  local  field. 


Change  of  Date  for  the  N.  W.  D.  A. 

The  committee  on  arrangements  for  the  National  Wholesale 
Druggists'  Association  has  been  forced  to  change  the  date  for 
the  1914  convention  from  the  week  of  October  12  to  that  of 
September  21.  This  is  due  to  the  fact  that  a  visit  to  French 
Lick  Springs  had  been  planned  as  one  of  the  principal  features 
of  the  entertainment  programme  and  that  it  was  found  impos- 
sible to  make  the  trip  and  be  suitably  accommodated  at  the 
time  originally  set  for  the  convention.  The  1915  meeting  will 
be  held  in  Southern  California,  and,  while  it  has  not  been 
definitely  decided,  it  is  now  thought  that  Del  Monte  will  be 
the  city  chosen.  C.  F.  Michaels,  of  the  San  Francisco  firm  of 
Langley  &  Michaels,  is  chairman  of  the  committee  having  the 
1915  meeting  in  charge,  while  William  J.  iMooney,  of  the 
iMooney-Mueller  Drug  Co.,  of  Indianapolis,  is  looking  after 
the  executive  end  of  the  Indianapolis  convention. 


Druggists'  National  Home. 

Pharmacists  in  New  York  City  and  vicinity  have  two 
methods  offered  them  of  assisting  in  the  work  of  the  Drug- 
gists' National  Home — and  we  bespeak  a  general  participation 
in  both  methods:  They  can  contribute  direct  to  the  funds  of 
the  Home  or  can  participate  in  the  forthcoming  bazaar,  enter- 
tainment and  ball  at  Saengerbund  Hall,  Brooklyn,  April  14,  15 
and  16.  All  the  funds  obtained  from  this  entertainment  and 
ball  will  go  direct  to  the  Home  funds,  and  the  programme, 
under  the  direction  of  the  Retail  Druggists'  Protective  Asso- 
ciation, will  be  a  most  interesting  one.  Enough  has  been 
promised  in  the  way  of  donations  to  more  than  cover  the 
cost  of  the  fair,  and  the  programme  committee — one  of  the 
strongest  ever  appointed  in  charge  of  a  similar  event  m  this 
city — are  planning  to  turn  over  a  handsome  sum  to  the  Home 
at  Palmyra.  It  is  not  all  up  to  the  committee,  however — let 
every  druggist  do  his  part  for  such  a  worthy  charity.  If  you 
are  willing  to  help,  apply  to  the  officers  of  the  Retail  Druggists' 
Protective  Association,  or  to  any  one  of  the  following  mem- 
bers of  committee:  William  T.  Creagan,  president;  J.  De 
Neergaard,  treasurer;  Thomas  Lamb,  corresponding  secretary, 
84  Court  street,  Brooklyn;  programme  committee:  E.  J. 
Woelfle,  chairman;  E.  A.  Ancelin,  C.  R.  .A.very,  H.  C.  Bent- 
heim,  C.  O.  Bigelow,  G.  Brower,  S.  Bulkley,  L.  Berger,  M.  D. 
Cadman,  W.  T.  Creagan,  G.  R.  Crist,  O.  Dieckmann,  C.  M. 
Davidson,  R.  Devine,  L.  J.  Dilberger,  S.  E.  Dom,  C.  O. 
Douden,  E.  L.  Ennis,  D.  C.  Eccles,  M.D.,  C.  Friedgen, 
P.  S.  Gehris,  A.  Gardner,  G.  A.  Grunbok,  H.  E.  Hall,  W.  H. 
Hanson,  H.  Jacobs,  T.  Johnston,  J.  Kirkeby,  H.  J.  Kempf, 
N.  P.  Kirk,  J.  L.  Lascoff,  V.  Lind,  A.  G.  Manulis,  F.  J. 
Morrisey,  J.  De  Neergaard,  S.  L.  Neier,  A.  Nyeboe,  W.  Pruss, 

F.  Prager,  C.  H.  Piatt,  F.  H.  Plate,  R.  Quassman,  J.  Roemer, 
C.  Rubin,  F.  S.  Ryer,  R.  W.  Reid,  O.  Raubenhelmer,  J.  H. 
Rehfuss,    E.    Simon,    S.   Schoenfeld,    J.   Schmidt,    F.   Schaefer, 

G.  C.  Snyder,  A.  M.  Schwallie,  H.  Sullivan,  F.  A.  Sandman, 
J.  Tenglesen,  W.  G.  Turner,  E.  Wisbeck,  O.  Wicke,  J.  G. 
Wischerth,  A.  G.  Wilson. 


172 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Druggists'  National  Home,  held  in 
Chicago  on  March  9,  it  was  decided  that  in  view  of  tlie  gene- 
ral feeling  of  the  drug  fraternity  of  tlie  United  States  that  the 
Home  should  be  taken  under  the  jurisdiction  of  the  National 
Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  the  following  action  should  be 
taken :  The  trustees  tendered  the  Home  and  the  management 
of  the  same  to  the  executive  committee  of  the  N.A.R.D., 
without  any  reservation  whatever.  The  executive  committee  of 
the  Retail  Druggists'  Association  will  hold  a  meeting  at 
Chicago  on  April  6,  to  decide  what  shall  be  done  in  regard  to 
accepting  the  offer. 

Donations  are  still  coming  in  to  the  Home,  but  a  large 
payment  must  be  made  by  April  8,  and  it  is  urged  that  would- 
be  donors  be  generous  in  assisting  the  trustees  at  this  time 
when  money  is  more  urgently  needed  than  ever  before.  In 
writing  to  the  Er,\,  Supt.  Heimstreet  says: 

"Since  we  have  advertised  the  place  so  well,  other  parties  are 
trying  to  get  the  property,  and  we  must  pay  for  it  at  once  in 
some  way.  Is  there  not  some  firm  or  manufacturing  house 
who  would  make  a  loan  for  two  years?  It  would  be  the 
biggest  advertisement  any  firm  ever  had.  Are  there  not  50 
among  our  48,000  druggists  who  would  loan  us  $1000  each? 
Won't  some  big-hearted  firm  make  this  loan  secured  by  mort- 
gage? It  is  very  humiliating  to  the  trustees  to  beg  in  this 
way,  when  it  is  for  the  public  good,  and  we  now  make  this 
last  appeal  to  the  drug  fraternity. 

"Won't  you  help  us  and  see  if  there  is  not  some  way  to  get 
this  $50,000  at  once?  We  have  received  recently  from  Fredk. 
Steams  &  Co.,  $100;  Solon  Palmer,  $100;  Foster  Milbum  & 
Co.,  $100;  Borden  Condensed  Milk  Co.,  $500.  Many  have 
written  us  that  as  soon  as  the  Home  is  under  the  jurisdiction 
of  the  N.A.R.D.  they  will  contribute.  But  action  must  be 
taken  at  once." 


TRADE  CUSTOMS  ATTACKED  AND  DEFENDED. 


Members  Drug  Trade  Section  Hear  Argument  Favor- 
ing Marketing  of  Fir  Balsam  by  Liquid  Pound. 
CHAIRMAN  C.  G.  EULER  called  to  order  the  March 
meeting  of  the  Drug  Trade  Section  of  the  New  York 
Board  of  Trade  and  Transportation,  held  at  203  Broad- 
way. Irving  McKesson,  chairman  of  the  committee  on  tares, 
called  attention  to  the  Knight  Assembly  bill  No.  490,  which 
measure  would  amend  the  State  weights  and  measures  law  so 
that  exemption  from  labeling  with  the  net  weight  of  contents 
would  be  extended  in  the  case  of  liquid  goods  of  2  fl.  ounces, 
and  under,  the  present  limitation,  to  6  fl.  ounces  and  less. 
Mr.  McKesson  also  advocated  the  changing  of  the  trade 
practice  of  buying  and  selling  fir  balsam  by  the  barrel  on  a 
basis  of  8  liquid  pounds.  This  practice  was  not  understood 
by  all  dealers,  and,  moreover,  the  balsam  was  subject  to  a 
change  in  specific  density  of  from  a  quarter  to  three-eighths 
of  a  pound  to  the  gallon.  This  was  due  to  the  change  in 
temperature  to  which  it  was  subjected.  He  favored  marketing 
on  the  basis  of  the  liquid  pound  and  would  apply  this  to  both 
the  Canada  and  Oregon  balsams.  The  matter  was  referred  to 
the  committee  on  jobbing  druggists,  and  it  is  probable  the 
trade  will  be  circularized  as  to  their  attitude  toward  the  pro- 
posed change. 

Mr.  McKesson  favored  the  continuation  of  the  trade  custom 
relative  to  transactions  in  crude  drugs  valued  at  10  cents  or 
less  per  pound.  This  custom,  he  reported,  has  apparently 
been  superseded  by  a  provision  of  the  New  York  weights  and 
measures  law  which  provides  that  sales  in  all  instances  be  made 
on  strictly  net  weight  basis.  The  regulations  made  by  Dr. 
Reichmann  for  the  enforcement  of  the  law  provided  for  certain 
tolerances  and  variations  and  embodied  all  the  provisions  of 
the  Section's  book  of  tares,  excepting  the  "10-cent  rule,"  which 
permits  the  sale  of  crude  drugs  valued  at  10  cents  or  less  per 
poimd  on  a  basis  of  gross  for  net  weight. 

New  York  State  houses  would  be  at  a  distinct  advantage, 
Mr.  McKesson  contended,  in  competing  with  out-of-the-State 
houses.  If  the  purchaser  should  make  reduction  for  actual  or 
average  tare  the  margin  of  profit  for  the  seller  would  fre- 
quently be  wiped  out.  Mr.  McKesson  recommended  that  deal- 
ers in  the  drugs  coming  under  the  law  be  urged  to  observe  the 
"10-cent  rule"  until  a  suitable  change  in  the  law  might  be 
obtained  or  the  observation  of  its  present  provisions  be  made 
general  and  compulsory.  This  matter  was  referred  to  com- 
mittee on  tare«  for  action. 


Frank  L.  McCartney,  cliairman  of  the  executive  committee, 
pointed  out  Uiat  some  of  the  mercuric  bichloride  tablets  now 
manufactured  were  too  small  to  be  stamped  "poison,"  as  re- 
quired by  the  new  Board  of  Health  ordinance. 

Dr.  H.  C.  Lovis,  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee, 
thought  that  he  voiced  the  sentiment  of  the  drug  trade  in 
asserting  that  the  limitation  placed  on  preparations  containing 
heroin  in  the  Harrison  bill  had  been  made  too  low.  It  should 
be  one-qu;irter  instead  of  one-twelfth  grain.  He  approved 
the  prohibition  of  the  sale  of  hypodermic  syringes  and  needles, 
except  upon  prescription.  He  recommended  that  the  Senate 
be  requested  to  amend  Section  6,  so  as  to  provide  for  the  sale 
of  heroin  in  combination  with  other  drugs  in  preparations  to 
the  extent  of  one-quarter  of  a  grain.  The  legislative  com- 
mittee was  given  power  to  act  in  this  matter. 

To  the  committee  on  freight  rates  was  referred  the  recent 
raising  of  Western  freight  rates  on  essential  oils  and  phos- 
phoric acid  in  carboys.  Chairman  Euler  and  C.  A.  Loring, 
chairman  of  the  above  committee,  brought  this  subject  before 
the  Section. 


National  Association,  Boards  of  Pharmacy. 


Meeting  of  the  Executive  Committee  together  with  the  Advisory 
Committee,  at  Tampa,  Fla.,  Feb.  20,  21. 

A  JOINT  meeting  of  the  executive  and  advisory  commit- 
tees of  the  National  Association  of  Boards  of  Pharmacy 
was  held  at  the  Tampa  Bay  Hotel,  Tampa,  Fla.,  Feb. 
20  and  21.  The  following  report  is  written  from  the  minutes 
of  the  meetings  as  prepared  by  Acting-secretary  C.  E.  Zinn 
and  furnished  through  the  courtesy  of  Ira  B.  Clark,  of  the 
publicity  committee  of  the  association. 

The  opening  session  of  the  committee  was  called  to  order 
by  President  E.  Berger,  of  Tampa,  with  Mr.  Berger,  Mr.  J.  C. 
Burton,  of  Stroud,  Okla.;  L.  C.  Lewis,  Tuskegee,  Ala.,  and 
C.  E.  Zinn,  of  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  present.  Secretary  A.  F. 
Sala  being  absent  on  account  of  illness.  Mr.  Zinn  was  elected 
secretary  pro  tern.  Mr.  Berger  introduced  President  Ben  J.  E. 
Freer,  of  the  Tampa  Retail  Druggists'  Association,  who  wel- 
comed the  delegates  to  his  city  in  a  brief  address,  which  was 
responded  to  by  Mr.  Zinn.  Letters  were  read  from  President 
W.  D.  Jones  and  Secretary  D.  W.  Ramsaur,  of  the  Florida 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  who  cordially  greeted  the  delegates 
and  expressed  their  regret  at  their  enforced  absence. 

Messrs.  H.  C.  Christensen,  of  Chicago;  E.  L.  Brandis,  of 
Richmond,  Va.,  and  Charles  Geitner,  of  St.  Louis,  all  of  the 
advisory  committee,  were  present  and  were  invited  to  partici- 
pate with  the  executive  committee  in  its  deliberations. 

The  report  of  the  executive  committee  was  called  for  and 
through  Chairman  J.  C.  Burton  the  following  facts  were  pre- 
sented : 

Through  the  assistance  of  J.  W.  Gayle,  of  the  Kentucky 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  the  National  association  has  been 
legally  incorporated  in  Kentucky,  an  object  the  association  has 
been  seeking  to  accomplish  for  several  years,  as  the  incorpora- 
tion gives  the  association  a  legal  right  to  a  seat  in  the  next  U.S. 
Pharmacopoeial  convention.  The  Kansas  State  Board  has  be- 
come a  member  of  the  National  body  since  the  last  meeting 
at  Nashville.  The  copies  of  the  annual  proceedings  were 
issued  earlier  than  usual  and  sent  to  every  State  board  of 
pharmacy,  every  college  of  pharmacy  and  every  pharmaceutical 
journal  in  the  United  States.  A  great  deal  of  effective  work 
has  been  done  by  correspondence,  both  by  the  executive  and 
advisory  committees,   with  resulting   increase  of   interest. 

Following  this  report  the  president  read  letters  from  1st 
Vice-President  M.  G.  Beebe,  of  Burlington,  Vt.,  and  from 
2d  Vice-President  John  CuUey,  Ogden,  Utah,  both  of  whom 
offered  valuable  suggestions  which  were  much  appreciated  by 
the  members  of  the  committee. 

The  secretary  was  instructed  to  call  in  all  reciprocal  blanks 
now  in  the  hands  of  the  various  boards  of  pharmacy,  to  re- 
imburse the  boards  the  amounts  paid  for  the  same.  New 
blanks  were  ordered  printed  with  the  understanding  that  in 
future  all  blanks  must  be  obtained  by  applicants  from  the 
National  secretary,  and  that  a  fee  of  $5  must  accompany  each 
request.  A  motion  was  adopted  to  instruct  the  advisory 
examination  committee  to  immediately  take  up  the  work  of 
visiting  boards  of  pharmacy  during  the  examinations  by  such 
boards,  under  the  direction  of  the  president. 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


173 


At  the  session  of  the  advisory  examination  committee,  with 
Chairman  Christensen  in  the  chair,  a  number  of  letters  and 
questions  received  by  the  chairman  in  response  to  requests 
sent  to  secretaries  of  boards  of  pharmacy  to  send  questions 
used  by  them,  as  required  by  article  5  of  the  by-laws,  were 
read.  The  chairman  presented  two  sets  of  questions  as  an 
illustration  of  the  wide  difference  between  the  two  examina- 
tions, showing  clearly  that  one  was  entirely  too  elemental  in 
character  w-hile  the  other  was  extremely  theoretical,  and  entirely 
lacking  in  balance  or  distribution  and  practically  useless  in 
so  far  as  they  would  enable  one  to  determine  the  fitness  of  the 
candidate.  The  communications  and  questions  were  generally 
discussed,  especially  with  reference  to  changes  and  suggestions 
deemed  necessary  in  order  to  facilitate  the  bringing  about  of 
more  uniformity  in  question  and  methods  of  examination. 
The  chairman  was  instructed  to  take  up  by  correspondence 
with  the  different  board  members  and  secretaries  the  advisa- 
bility of  making  the  changes  necessary  in  order  that  examina- 
tions may  become  more  generally  uniform. 

The  communications  received  from  the  deans  and  faculties 
of  colleges  of  pharmacy  in  reply  to  letters  from  the  chairman 
asking  them  to  give  their  ideas  and  suggestions  with  reference 
to  examinations  held  by  boards  of  pharmacy  were  read,  many 
useful  suggestions  were  presented  and  the  committee  was 
instructed  to  follow  up  this  correspondence  in  order  that  this 
useful  information  may  be  received  as  soon  as  possible. 

The  chairman  explained  that  much  work  had  been  done 
looking  toward  the  preparation  of  sample  sets  of  questions, 
and  it  was  shown  that  a  meeting  of  the  committee  was  neces- 
sary in  the  near  future  in  order  that  questions  might  be 
tabulated  and  methods  devised.  The  importance  of  visiting 
a  number  of  States  that  are  members  of  the  association  with 
the  view  of  suggesting  changes  in  methods  of  conducting 
examinations,  and  non-members  with  a  view  of  having  them 
become  members  was  discussed,  and  the  importance  of  this 
personal  contact  with  board  members  clearly  shown. 

At  the  final  sess'on  of  the  executive  committee  it  was  the 
sense  of  the  meeting  in  regard  to  the  work  of  the  advisory 
examination  committee  that  much  good  had  been  accomplished. 
It  was  evident  from  the  examination  questions  submitted  to 
this  committee  by  the  different  States  that  the  differences  in 
these  examination  papers  vary  to  the  extent  that  many  changes 
must  be  made  by  a  number  of  States  in  order  to  bring  about 
uniformity  consistent  with  the  requirements  of  reciprocity. 
The  good  judgment  of  Llie  National  association  in  establishing 
this  committee  was  apparent.  The  plans  for  aiding  and  sug- 
gesting improvements  in  examination  methods  and  questions 
were  approved. 

The  advisory  examination  committee  was  instructed  to  meet 
at  the  earliest  possible  date,  at  St.  Louis,  that  city  being  con- 
sidered the  most  accessible  and  economical  place  to  devote  such 
time  as  may  be  necessary  to  the  tabulation  and  work  of  com- 
pleting questions  and  methods,  the  same  to  be  available  to  the 
members  of  the  National  association  in  accordance  with  the 
instructions  of  the  Nashville  convention. 

The  chairman  of  the  advisory  examination  committee  was 
requested  to  notify  all  members  of  boards  of  pharmacy  mem- 
bers of  the  National  association  upon  the  completion  of  their 
work,  advising  them  that  the  questions  were  available  on 
request. 

The  chairman  of  the  executive  committee  was  designated  to 
draw  an  amendment  to  the  constitution,  permitting  honorary 
members  to  serve  on  committees  of  the  National  association, 
the  same  to  be  presented  at  the  Detroit  meeting. 

The  secretary  was  directed  to  revise  the  list  of  officers  and 
members  of  all  boards  of  pharmacy  in  the  United  States,  same 
to  be  incorporated  in  his  annual  report  at  the  Detroit  meeting. 

A  vote  of  thanks  was  extended  to  President  Berger  and  the 
druggists  of  Tampa,  as  well  as  to  the  daily  press,  for  the 
many  courtesies  shown  to  the  members  of  the  committees  dur- 
ing the  meeting. 


Health  Service,  whose  subject  was  announced  as  "What  the 
American  Medical  Association  has  done,  and  what  the  Amer- 
ican Pharmaceutical  Association  proposes  to  do,  with  regard 
to  the  Patent  Medicine   Problem." 

Mr.  Wilbert  entered  a  general  and  most  enthusiastic  dis- 
cussion of  his  subject,  outlining  the  history  of  the  growth  of 
the  patent  medicine  business,  the  efforts  of  the  American  Phar- 
maceutical Association  to  curb  this  growth,  the  efforts  of  the 
press  to  control  it,  and  the  manner  in  which  the  American 
Medical  Association  has  dealt  with  it.  It  was  pointed  out 
that  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  had,  as  early 
as  1853,  recognized  the  evil  of  the  growing  patent  medicine 
business  and  had  then  adopted  resolutions  for  its  suppression. 
Each  passing  10  years  seemed  to  revive  interest  in  this  sub- 
ject, but  nothing  more  definite  than  a  number  of  good  reso- 
lutions has  resulted  to  the  present  time.  Judging  from  the 
manner  of  appointment  of  the  present  committee,  the  condi- 
tions leading  up  to  its  selection,  and  the  attitude  of  the  asso- 
ciaion,  however,  it  was  stated  that  it  would  be  unfair  to  believe 
the  present  interest  temporary,  but,  on  the  contrary,  every 
indication  points  to  the  accomplishment  of  good.  The  condi- 
tions under  which  the  American  Medical  Association  undertook 
its  work  against  patent  medicines,  and  how  this  work  is  being 
carried  on,  Mr.  Wilbert  elaborately  detailed.  A  number  of 
the  publications  of  that  association  to  enlighten  the  public  in 
this  crusade  were  exhibited  and  discussed.  These  were  passed 
around  for  inspection. 

S.  L.  Hilton,  J.  Leyden  White,  Dr.  F.  B.  Campbell,  Dr. 
Henry  E.  Kalusowski  and  a  number  of  others  praised  the 
American  Medical  Association  for  its  stand,  and  pledged  them- 
selves to  heartily  support  our  association  in  its  combat  against 
this  evil. 

The  secretary,  Henry  B.  Floyd,  then  read  a  paper  covering 
his  observations  with  regard  to  the  laboratory  equipment  of 
local  pharmacies.  The  scarcity  of  proper  reference  works,  the 
inaccuracy  of  scales,  weights,  graduates  and  containers,  and  the 
utter  lack  of  sufficient  laboratory  equipment  was  lamented,  and 
the  belief  was  expressed  that  the  only  remedy  for  these  con- 
ditions rests  in  a  new  pharmacy  law,  by  pharmacists,  and  for 
pharmacists.  Numerous  inaccuracies  which  have  caused  un- 
thinking, but  wholly  conscientious,  druggists  to  be  haled  into 
court  were  cited,  and  the  avoidance  of  similar  mistakes  out- 
lined. 

A  very  vigorous  discussion,  lasting  more  than  an  hour  and  a 
half,  followed,  when  the  meeting  was  adjourned. 


City  of  Washington  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 

THE  February  meeting  of  the  City  of  Washington  Branch 
of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  was  held  at 
the  National  College  of  Pharmacy.  More  than  30  mem- 
bers and  guests  were  present  at  8 :  15,  when  President  W.  S. 
Richardson  called  the  meeting  to  order,  and  this  number  was 
considerably  augmented  by  late  arrivals.  Mr.  Richardson  in- 
troduced Martin  I.  Wilbert,  of  the  Hygienic  Laboratory,  Public 


CMcag-o   Branch,   A.Ph.A. 

PROF.  JOSEPH  P.  REMINGTON  honored  the  Chicago 
Branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  with 
a  visit  and  led  the  discussion  of  the  evening  on  "Progress 
of  Pharmacopoeial  Revision."  The  meeting  was  very  well 
attended.  Many  pharmacists,  chemists,  editors,  teachers  and 
students  from  the  pharmaceutical  schools  of  Chicago  and 
vicinity,  all  friends  and  admirers  of  Prof.  Remington,  were 
present. 

Prof.  Remington  brought  out  the  fact  that  the  revision  of 
U.S. P.  VIII  is  nearjng  completion  and  that  U.S. P.  IX  will 
undoubtedly  be  in  the  hands  of  the  publishers  this  year,  pos- 
sibly by  July  1.  He  spoke  of  the  large  publicity  being  given 
to  the  work  of  revision  and  referred  to  the  fact  that  according 
to  the  wish  of  the  1910  convention,  all  changes  in  and  addi- 
tions to  the  text  of  the  new  Pharmacopoeia  are  to  be  pub-  ., 
lished  for  comment  and  criticism  before  the  matter  goes  to  the 
printer.  These  changes  and  additions  in  the  text  of  the 
chemicals  have  already  been  published  (see  J. A. Ph. A.  for 
Dec,  1913),  the  copy  of  the  text  for  the  crude  drugs  will  be 
published  during  March  and  April  and  the  material  on  the 
volatile  oils  and  pharmaceuticals  will  immediately  follow.  The 
final  date  for  the  reception  of  criticisms  by  the  Revision  Com- 
mittee will  be  announced  with  the  last  of  the  copy. 

Prof.  Remington  spoke  of  the  inclusion  of  Mercuric  Chloride 
Tablets  in  the  U.S. P.  and  the  selection  of  the  most  desirable 
form  for  their  administration.  The  subject  is  exceedingly  im- 
portant and  suggestions  are  wanted.  The  definition  of  a 
"Poison"  has  been  put  up  to  the  Committee  of  Revision  and  ' 
the  Professor  humorously  offered  a  prize  of  a  $5  gold  piece 
for  a  definition  that  would  be  acceptable  to  the  committee. 
He  discussed  the  admission  to  the  Pharmacopoeia  of  sub- 
stances known  as  protected,  proprietary  or  patented,  and  was 
inclined  to  oppose  the  admittance  of  such  substances. 


174 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


The  address  of  Prof.  Remington  was  received  with  much 
applause.  Then  ensued  a  very  interesting  and  profitable  dis- 
cussion of  the  address.  Wilhelm  Bodemann,  member  of  the 
Committee  of  Revision,  extended  a  welcome  to  Prof.  Remington. 

Dr.  Bernard  Fantus,  pharmacologist  at  the  U.  of  I.  Medical 
College,  questioned  the  advisability  of  any  tablet  form,  par- 
ticularly a  colored  tablet,  for  dispensing  bichloride,  especially 
in  view  of  the  increasing  use  of  candy  medicaments  in  tablet 
or  lozenge  form. 

Fred  Meissner,  of  the  U.S. P.  Board  of  Trustees,  believed 
that  the  present  attention  given  to  the  dangers  of  bichloride 
tablets  was  largely  due  to  newspaper  notoriety  and  that  if 
newspapers  editors  could  be  persuaded  to  omit  the  name  of  the 
poison  in  the  published  accounts  of  suicides  the  .danger  of 
suicidal  waves  from  particular  poisons  would  be  largely  averted. 
In  his  e.vtensive  experience  as  a  retail  pharmacist  he  had  never 
personally   known   of  an   accidental   poisoning   from   bichloride. 

Secretary  Thos.  Potts,  of  the  N.A.R.D.,  spoke  very  strongly 
against  the  bichloride  tablet,  stating  that  the  U.S. P.  should 
not  recognize  it  and  that  this  extreme  poison  should  never  be 
sold  except  on  physician's  prescription  and  then  only  in  solu- 
tion. 

Secretary  Light,  of  C.R.D.A.,  said  that  the  sale  of  bichloride 
tablets  could  be  regulated  in  Chicago  by  city  ordinance  just  as 
had  been  done  in  the  case  of  phenol,  cocaine,  heroin,  etc.  He 
stated  that  recently  a  newspaper  reporter  came  to  him  in 
regard  to  the  sale  and  use  of  heroin  in  Chicago  and  had  been 
informed  that  members  of  the  C.R.D.A.  strictly  adhered  to 
the  municipal  code.  Later  the  reporter  attempted  to  buy  heroin 
in  27  drug  stores  located  in  different  sections  of  the  city  and  in 
every  case  was  refused  the  drug. 

C.  P.  Van  Schaack,  of  the  wholesale  trade  was  warmly  in 
favor  of  some  regulation  over  the  sale  of  bichloride. 

Editor  Hugh  Craig,  of  the  Journal  of  the  N.A.R.D.,  en- 
dorsed the  idea  that  corrosive  mercuric  chloride  should  be  sold 
only  on  physicians'  prescriptions.  He  referred  to  the  suicidal 
cycles,  lately  phenol,  now  bichloride,  next  something  else,  each 
fostered  by  newspaper  notoriety.  He  favored  the  addition  to 
the  U.S. P.  of  definite  and  important  medicaments  even  if 
patented. 

Prof.  W.  B.  Day  referred  to  Dr.  Cohen's  famous  definition 
of  a  dose — "A  dose  is  enough,"  and  said  then  that  a  poison 
might  be  defined  as  "A  poison  is  too  much." 

Dr.  H.  M.  Gordin,  member  of  the  Revision  Committee, 
humorously  defined  a  poison  as  those  substances  listed  by  a 
suitable  committee  of  learned  gentlemen  as  such.  Prof.  Rem- 
ington refused  him  the  prize. 

Prof.  A.  H.  Clark,  of  the  Revision  Committee,  said  that  the 
•wide  divergence  of  opinion  as  brought  out  in  the  discussion 
of  the  evening  on  one  or  two  topics  only  illustrated  some  of 
the  difficulties  Prof.  Remington,  as  chairman  of  the  committee, 
liad  to  overcome  in  harmonizing  on  many  subjects  just  as 
great  differences  of  opinion  in  the  committee.  He  was  sure 
that  U.S. P.  IX,  however,  will  rank,  as  does  now  U.S. P.  VIII, 
the  premier  pharmacopoeia  of  the  world. 

Prof.  George  D.  Timmons  spoke  of  the  U.S. P.  doses,  which 
Prof.  Remington  had  criticised  as  of  no  legal  value,  and  held 
that  the  average  doses  were  of  much  value  to  teacher  and 
student,  pharmacist  and  even  physicians. 

Prof.  C.  W.  Patterson  favored  the  radical  regidation  of  the 
sale  of  bichloride  tablets  and  expressed,  he  was  sure,  the 
opinion  of  the  entire  audience,  his  pleasure  in  hearing  the 
very  interesting  and  instructive  address  and  discussion  of  the 
evening. 

Prof.  C.  M.  Snow  spoke  of  the  very  complicated  formula 
proposed  for  fiuid  extract  of  squill.  Prof.  Remington  thanked 
him  for  the  criticism  and  again  asked  for  comments  favorable 
or  unfavorable  on  the  text  as  now  being  published,  stating 
that  such  comments  would  invariably  receive  the  attention  of 
the  committee. 

Secretary  Gathercoal,  of  the  Chicago  branch,  announced  the 
subject  of  the  March  meeting  "The  Preparation  of  Diphtheria 
Antitoxin."  Dr.  H.  M.  Letton  will  lead  with  an  illustrated 
lecture  on  the  subject.  All  present,  as  well  as  others  interested 
in  this  subject  in  Chicago  and  vicinity,  were  invited  to  attend 
the  March  meeting. 

He  moved  a  vote  of  thanks  to  Prof.  Remington  for  his  very 
generous  service  to  the  branch  on  this  occasion.  There  was 
a  imanimous  response  in  a  rising  vote. 

At  the  March  meeting  of  the  Chicago  branch  an   illustrated 


lecture  on  the  "Production  of  Diphtheria  Antitoxin,"  by  Dr. 
H.  M.  Letton,  of  the  Research  Laboratory  of  Parke,  Davis  & 
Co.,  was  a  feature.  Dr.  Letton  displayed  with  the  lantern 
some  50  very  fine  view.s,  fully  illustrating  each  important  step 
in  the  process  of  preparing  antitoxin.  His  lecture,  remarkable 
for  its  clearness  and  interesting  detail,  was  very  favorably 
received.  The  lecture  was  followed  by  a  discussion  which 
included  not  only  diphtheria  antitoxin  but  also  the  present 
therapeutic  status  of  antitetanic  serum,  typhoid  vaccine  and 
other  scrum  products.  The  meeting  adjourned  with  a  hearty 
vote  of  thanks  to  Dr.  Letton. 


N.J.PH.A.  COMMITTEE  AMENDS  PHARMACY  ACT 


Measure  Is  Reported  Out   of  Committee  and   Is  Now 
Before  Assembly — Bars  Up  on  Laudanum  Sales. 

THE  new  Pharmacy  Act  of  the  New  Jersey  State  Pharma- 
ceutical Association,  drafted  and  amended  by  that  organi- 
zation's legislative  committee,  consisting  of  S.  D.  Woolley, 
Ocean  Grove,  chairman;  J.  C.  Gallagher,  Jersey  City;  George 
iM  Beringer,  Camden ;  Isaac  J.  Keuper,  Trenton,  and  David 
Strauss,  Newark,  has  been  reported  out  of  committee  and  is 
before  the  State  Assembly.  The  measure  is  known  as  Assem- 
blv  bill  No.  282.  The  following  amendments,  all  proposed 
by  the  above-named   committee,   are  now  under  consideration: 

Strike  out  in  the  title  the  words  "and  an  act  entitled."  "A 
supplement  to  an  act  entitled  'An  act  for  the  punishment  of 
crimes  (Revision  1898),'"  "approved  April  thirteenth,  one 
thousand  nine  hundred  and  eight." 

Section  4: 

Page  6 — line  9 — after  the  word  "employment"  insert  the 
words  "of  apprentices,"  after  the  word  "stores"  strike  out  "of 
apprentices." 

Section  6: 

Page  6 — line  5 — strike  out  the  words  "a  college"  and  insert 
the  words  "the  school." 

Section  10: 

Page  9 — line  1 — at  end  of  line  insert  "or  the  license  of  a 
storekeeper  in  drugs,  or  the  license  of  an  itinerant  vendor  of 
drugs." 

Page  9 — line  3 — after  the  word  "Jersey"  insert  "upon  notice 
in  writing  to  such  applicant  for  or  holder  of  a  license  or  cer- 
tificate  and   after  a   hearing   thereon." 

Page  9 — line  11 — strike  out  the  word  "of  repeated  violations" 
and  insert  "twice  of  a  violation  of  Section  17  of  this  act,  or 
tl.-  holder  of  a  certificate  or  license  has  been  guilty  of  con- 
tinuous and  willful  violations." 

Section    10: 

Page   10 — line  5 — strike  out  "to  undergo." 

Page  10 — line  6 — strike  out  "or  either"  and  the  quotation 
marks  a'ter   "both." 

Section  15: 

Page  11 — line  2 — after  the  word  "English"  insert  "affixed," 
after  the  word  "show"   insert  "from  the  outside." 

Section  16: 

Page  11 — line  2 — after  the  word  "mind"  insert  "or  under 
the   influence  of  liquor." 

Page  13 — line  40 — after  the  word  'till"  insert  "altered  or," 
after  the  word  "rules"  insert  "or  the  laws  of  the  State  of  New 
Jersey." 

Page  13 — line  57 — strike  out  the  quotation  marks  after 
"years"  and  insert  a  period. 

Page  13 — line  58 — strike  out  the  word  "or"  and  insert  "Pro- 
vided, further,  that  the  provisions  of  this  section  of  this  act 
shall  not  apply." 

Page  14 — line  82 — strike  out  "bella  donna"  and  insert 
"belladonna." 

Page  14 — line  83 — insert  a  comma  after  the  word  "colchicum." 

Section  1 7 : 

Page  15 — line  2 — strike  out  "betaoucaine"  and  insert  "beta- 
eucaine." 

Page  16 — line  31 — strike  out  the  word  "less"  and  insert  the 
word  "not  more." 

Page  16 — line  36 — strike  out  the  words  "to  preparations 
containing  opium  and  recommended  and  sold  in  good  faith  for 
diarrhoea  or  cholera,  each  bottle  or  package  of  which  is  recom- 
mended by  specific  directions  or  use,  or."  On  line  41  strike  out 
the  quotation  marks  after  "use"  and  the  words  "or  to  the  sale 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


175 


of  laudanum  for  legitimate  purposes  to  persons  not  addicted  to 
its   habitual  use"   and   insert   a   quotation   mark  after   "use." 

Page  16 — line  54 — strike  out  the  word  "and"  and  insert  the 
word  "or." 

Page  17 — line  82 — strike  out  the  word  "provision"  and  insert 
the  word  "section";  on  line  84  strike  out  the  words  "and  un- 
dergo an"  and  insert  the  word  "or" ;  on  line  85  strike  out  the 
words  "or  either,"  and  the  quotation  marks  after  "both." 

Section  2 1 : 

Page  21 — strike  out  this  section  from  line  1  to  the  end  of 
line  12   on  page  22  and  insert  the   following: 

"21.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Prosecutor  of  the  Pleas  in 
their  respective  jurisdiction  to  prosecute  all  violations  against 
the  provisions  of  this  act  before  a  proper  and  competent 
judicial  tribunal  and  wherever  this  act  provided  for  the 
imposition  of  a  money  fine  only,  such  Prosecutor  of  the  Pleas 
shall  in  the  name  of  'The  Board  of  Pharmacy  of  the  State 
of  New  Jersey'  institute  and  prosecute  such  offender  in  any 
court  of  competent  jurisdiction  therefor ;  and  such  money  penalty 
when  recovered  and  all  other  fines  when  imposed  under  the 
provisions  of  this  act  and  paid,  shall  be  by  such  Prosecutor  of 
the  Pleas  promptly  transmitted  to  the  said  Board." 

Section  25 : 

Page  22 — lines  7-8-9 — strike  out  the  word  ".\n  Act  entitled 
"A  supplement  to  an  act  entitled  'An  act  for  the  punishment 
of  crimes  (Revision  1898)'"  approved  April  thirteenth,  one 
thousand  nine  hundred  and  eight." 


G.A.S.    PROCEEDINGS    KOTJTINE    IN    NATURE. 


Letters  of  Thanks  Received  from  Families  of  Deceased 
Members — Destitute  Colleague  Is  Assisted. 

THE  proceedings  of  the  March  meeting  of  the  German 
.Apothecaries'  Society,  called  to  order  by  President  Chas. 
F.  Klippert,  were  mostly  of  a  routine  nature.  Treasurer 
Robert  S.  Lehman  reported  that  the  expenses  for  the  recent 
63d  annual  celebration  had  totaled  a  little  under  the  sum  of 
$100.  Letters  were  received  from  the  families  of  the  recently 
deceased  members,  .Albert  S.  Bischof  and  Emil  Kuester,  thank- 
ing the  society  for  its  floral  tributes. 

F.  A.  Bongartz  submitted  a  letter  from  a  destitute  colleague 
who  requested  aid,  and  described  the  case  as  a  worthy  one 
and  solicited  the  assistance  of  the  society.  Felix  Hirseman 
moved  that  the  sum  of  $25  be  appropriated  for  this  purpose, 
but  George  T.  Rieffiin  suggested  that  the  members  present 
contribute.  Considerably  more  than  the  sum  named  in  the 
motion  was  raised,  and  Mr.  Bongartz  was  requested  to  present 
the  money  to  his  colleague.  The  members  rose  in  honor  of  the 
memory  of  the  deceased  members,  Charles  S.  Erb,  Emil  Kuester 
and  .\lbert  S.  Bischof,  the  last-named,  as  was  pointed  out  by 
President  Dr.  Klippert,  having  been  one  of  the  oldest  members 
of   the   society   and    in    former   years   one   of   the   most   active. 

Paul  F.  Gebicke,  custodian  of  the  mortuary  fund,  reported 
that  Messrs.  Bischof  and  Kuester  had  been  members,  and 
that  checks  had  been  sent  to  their  families.  Fred  Schae'er,  in 
cormection  with  the  presentation  of  this  report,  argued  on  the 
advantages  of  the  fund  to  the  families  of  deceased  members. 
Upon  his  suggestion,  himself,  and  Messrs.  Gebicke  and  Diehl 
were  appointed  as  a  committee  to  give  the  fimd  wider  pub- 
licity. 

S.  V.  B.  Swann,  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee, 
stated  that  there  was  not  much  to  add  to  his  extensive  report 
of  the  previous  meeting,  except  that  the  commissioner  of 
weights  and  measmres  is  again  placing  difficulties  in  the  way 
of  the  pharmacists.  The  local  Pharmaceutical  Conference  has 
the  matter  in  charge.  Mr.  Swann  called  attention  to  the 
passage  in  the  State  Assembly  and  Senate  of  the  working- 
men's  compensation  bill  and  stated  that  the  measure  would 
very  probably  be  signed  by  the  Governor.  It  had  been 
amended  only  in  so  far  as  concerned  the  appointment  of 
commissioners  to  represent  the  various  parties. 

By  vote,  the  by-laws  and  constitution  were  changed  so  that 
the  monthly  dues  for  regular  members  are  now  60  cents,  instead 
of  50,  as  previously,  and  30  cents  for  associate  members,  instead 
of  25.  'This  action  was  taken  as  a  result  of  the  conference 
held  by  Messrs.  Gebicke,  Lehman  and  Stolzenburg  on  the 
recommendation  made  by  the  president  in  his  recently  presented 
annual  address.  Members  will  be  notified  by  circular  relative 
to  the  change. 


Otto  P.  Gilbert,  chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee, 
recommended  that  the  annual  Summer  outing  be  held  at 
Witzel's  Pavilion,  College  Point,  as  usual,  the  date  to  be 
Thursday,  June  IS.  Definite  arrangements  for  this  event 
were  left  to  the  entertainment  committee. 

George  T.  Riefflin  reported  that  a  conference  had  been  held 
with  a  N.y.C.P.  Alumni  .\ssociation  committee  for  the  pur- 
pose of  arranging  the  dates  of  the  society's  annual  celebration 
and  the  alumni  association's  annual  ball  so  that  they  would 
not  come  so  close  together.  This  year  the  two  events  were 
only  a  night  apart,  an  inconvenience  to  members  who  wished 
to  attend  both. 

Robert  Lehman,  treasurer  of  the  European  trip  committee, 
again  urged  the  members  desiring  desirable  cabins  to  make 
early  application  for  the  same. 

The  periodicals  and  magazines  which  have  accumulated 
during  the  past  year  were  sold  at  auction  to  the  members  by 
President  Dr.  Klippert.  George  Leinecker,  recorder  of  the 
society,  arranged  the  "mags"  for  the  sale.  A  vote  of  thanks 
was  extended  to  these  officers  for  their  work  in  connection 
with  the  sale. 

Martin  Heldt,  1272  Boston  road,  was  proposed  for  mem- 
bership. 


DR.    CURT    WIMMER    LECTURES    ON    COLLOIDS. 


Norwich   Pharmacal    Co.'s   Offer   of   Cof&n   Shape   for 

Tablets  Accepted — Propaganda  Meeting  of  N.Y. 

Branch   to   be   Held   in  May. 

THE  feature  of  the  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the  Xew 
York  Branch  of  the  A. Ph. A.,  held  at  the  College  on 
March  9,  was  an  intensely  interesting  and  comprehensive 
lecture  on  "Colloids  and  their  Importance  in  Pharmacy,"  by 
Dr.  Curt  Wimmer,  of  the  College.  About  50  members  and 
visitors  were  present. 

.After  disposing  of  routine  preliminaries,  in  the  course  of 
which  Treasurer  Joseph  Weinstein  reported  a  balance  of 
$99.87  in  the  treasury,  Chairman  Amy  called  for  the  report 
of  the  committee  on  legislation,  which  was  read  by  Dr.  Mayer, 
in  the   absence  of  the  chairman,   Dr.   Wm.   C.   Anderson. 

Mr.  McElhenie  read  a  letter  from  G.  M.  Beringer,  president 
of  the  Council,  which  favored  the  adoption  of  the  coffin  shape 
as  the  official  form  for  tablets  of  mercuric  chloride  in  the  new 
edition  of  the  U.S. P.  It  was  announced  that  the  Norwich 
Pharmacal  Company,  of  Norwich,  N.  Y.,  which  holds  the 
patent  and  proprietary  rights  in  this  form  of  tablet,  had 
magnanimously  offered  to  assign  all  its  rights  to  the  A.Ph..'\., 
without  cost  to  the  association.  All  necessary  legal  transfers 
would  be  made  by  the  company,  so  that  it  would  be  illegal  for 
anyone  to  use  the  coffin  shape  for  any  form  of  medication  or 
other  preparation  except  bichloride.  The  regulation  of  the 
shape  or  color  of  bichloride  tablets  was  opposed  in  a  letter 
from  Hugh  Craig,  forwarded  by  President  Beringer,  in  which 
Mr.  Craig  took  the  position  that  all  regulation  in  this  direction 
was  useless,  as  95  per  cent,  of  deaths  or  "accidents"  from 
bichloride  are  from  suicidal  attempts,  and  persons  bent  on 
self-destruction  will  use  coffin-shaped  tablets  as  quickly  as  any 
others.  In  reply.  President  Beringer  pointed  out  that  although 
iMr.  Craig's  statements  were  largely  correct,  he  seemed  to  have 
missed  the  point  of  the  proposed  regulation.  A  distinctive 
and  official  shape  for  mercury  tablets  is  only  one  safeguard, 
but  a  very  important  one.  It  was  then  moved  and  seconded 
to  accept  the  offer  of  the  Norwich  Pharmacal  Company,  which 
motion  was  passed,  as  well  as  a  vote  of  thanks  for  the  public 
spirit  and  generosity  shown  by  the  firm.  The  question  was 
raised  as  to  whether  the  sale  without  prescription  of  any  other 
soluble  and  poisonous  compound  of  mercury,  such  as  the 
cyanide,  would  be  an  infraction  of  the  present  ordinance.  No 
on,j  seemed  to  have  definite  information  on  this  point. 

Mr.  Berger,  for  the  committee  on  professional  relations, 
reported  that  as  the  season  was  very  far  advanced,  no  joint 
meeting  with  the  County  Medical  Association  would  be  held, 
but  that  a  propaganda  meeting  in  May  would  be  arranged, 
at  which  it  was  hoped  Professor  Remington  would  be  present 
to  tell  about   progress  with  the  new  Pharmacopoeia. 

The  report  of  the  committee  on  the  progress  of  pharmacy, 
by  Dr.  Diekman,  included  accounts  of  the  determination  of 
acetoacetic  acid  in  urine;  the  determination  of  albumen  in 
urine  in  the  presenci:  of  hexamethylenetetramine  by  the  Esbach 


176 


THE    PHARxMACEUTlCAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


method;  the  necessity  for  testing  for  free  iodine  in  preparing 
icdized  cod  liver  oil.  and  the  use  of  perfectly  fresh  oil.  Dr. 
Diekman  also  reported  several  adulterations.  Parinol  wax 
was  found  by  two  German  investigators  to  contain  no  wa.\  at 
all,  being  a  mi-xture  of  spermaceti,  tallow,  and  paraffin;  while 
"Boraniura  berries"  wcie  not  berries,  but  a  compound  of  invert 
sugar,  phenolphthalein,  and  peppermint  oil,  exploited  as  an 
obesity  cure. 

In  the  discussion.  Otto  Raubenheimer  commented  on  the 
first  two  papers,  while  Dr.  Weinstein  stated  that  the  Esbach 
method  was  fast  becoming  obsolete,  and  both  he  and  Dr. 
Mayer  favored  the  acetone  method  for  albumen.  John  Roemer 
was  of  the  opinion  that  great  accuracy  was  not  a  desideratum 
in  albumen  tests.  The  mere  fact  of  the  presence  of  albumen 
in  urine  was  the  most  important  thing  from  the  standpoint  of 
diagnosis,  and  hair-splitting  accuracy  was  wasted. 

Dr.  Wimmer  traced  the  development  of  our  views  of  col- 
loidal substances,  showing  that  the  scientific  study  of  these 
bodies  is  only  about  15  years  old.  Graham  made  the  first 
comprehensive  investigations  of  colloids,  forming  the  name  for 
the  new  substances  from  the  Greek  "kolla"— glue.  Graham 
prepared  colloidal  solutions  of  chromium  hydro.xide  and  other 
metallic  compounds.  In  the  nineties,  Bredig  changed  many 
metals  into  the  colloidal  state,  and  about  the  same  time  the 
mvention  of  the  ultramicroscope  gave  an  additional  impetus 
to  the  study.  It  was  soon  seen  that  Graham's  division  of  all 
substances  into  crystalloids  and  colloids  was  no  longer  valid, 
as  practically  all  bodies  were  capable  of  assuming  the  colloidal 
state  under  proper  conditions.  According  to  Ostwald's  classi- 
fication, all  substances  experimented  with  are  called  dispersoids. 
These  are  divided  into  coarse  suspensions,  in  which  the  diame- 
ter of  the  particles  is  greater  tlian  0.1  ^1  true  colloids,  where 
the  diameter  is  between  0.1  m  and  1  mm;  molecular  solutions, 
where  the  particles  are  of  a  still  smaller  size;  and  ionic  solu- 
tions, the  last  two  classes  being  the  true  solutions.  Nine  cases 
of  colloidal  solutions  are  possible  theoretically,  according  as 
we  have  a  solid,  liquid,  or  gas  dissolved  in  a  solid,  liquid, 
or  gas.  The  case  of  a  colloidal  solution  of  a  gas  in  a  gas  is 
not  known,  however. 

.\mong  these  possibilities,  the  cases  of  a  solid  in  a  liquid, 
or  a  "suspensoid,"  and  of  a  liquid  in  a  liquid,  or  "emulsoid," 
are  by  far  the  most  important.  The  suspensoids  are  repre- 
sented by  the  colloidal  solutions  of  silver  used  in  medicine. 
They  have  practically  the  same  viscosity  as  water,  the  particles 
show  the  Brownian  movement,  and  are  charged  electrically,  and 
can  be  coagulated  by  oppositely  charged  particles,  such  as  the 
ions  of  an   electrolyte. 

The  emulsoids  are  exemplified  in  a  solution  of  albumen  in 
water.  They  evince  great  viscosity,  which  has  a  very  large 
temperature  coefficient;  show  pseudo-fluorescence,  carry  no 
electric  charge,  and  have  the  power  of  gelatinizing  or  swelling. 

In  preparing  colloids,  we  can  pass  either  from  the  coarse 
suspensions,  or  from  the  molecular  solutions.  By  grinding 
osmium  with  water,  it  passes  into  colloidal  solution.  Light  is 
also  effective  in  forming  colloids,  to  some  extent,  as  is  shown 
with  silver.  The  electric  current  is  the  means  most  commonly 
employed  for  producing  colloidal  solutions  of  metals,  and  most 
of  the  metallic  solutions  now  on  the  market,  are  prepared  by 
the  action  of  an  electric  current  under  water,  acting  between 
suitable  metallic   electrodes. 

Of  great  importance  to  the  pharmacist  is  the  inability  of 
colloidal  substances  to  pass  through  semi-permeable  membranes. 
Dr.  Wimmer  showed  many  forms  of  modern  dialyzers,  and 
illustrated  his  remarks  by  experiments,  all  of  which  "worked." 

Among  the  general  properties  of  colloids  are  the  Brownian 
movement  of  the  particles,  caused  either  by  gravity,  or  by  the 
bombardment  of  the  particles  by  the  molecules  of  the  solvent ; 
the  lack  of  osmotic  pressure ;  and  the  Tyndall  effect,  seen  when 
a  beam  of  light  is  passed  through  a  colloidal  solution.  The 
low  osmotic  pressure  and  non-effect  on  freezing  and  boiling 
points  indicate  an  enormous  molecular  weight.  The  sign  of 
the  colloidal  particles  depends  on  the  solvent,  some  substances 
having  a  positive  charge  in  water,  for  instance,  but  a  negative 
sign  in  oil  of  turpentine. 

Gelatinization  of  colloids  is  caused  by  a  change  in  hydration, 
and  can  be  brought  about  by  concentrating,  or  by  adding  an 
electrolyte.  Jellies  are  now  thought  to  be  spongelike  structure, 
with  interstices  filled  with  colloidal  solutions.  The  coagulation 
of  colloids  can  be  shown  by  adding  sulphuric  acid  to  a  solution 
of  ferric  hydroxide.     The  electric  charges  of  the  colloidal  par- 


ticles are  neutralized  by  the  positive  hydrogen  ions  of  the  acid, 
and  the  customary  red  precipitate  of  ferric  hydroxide  comes 
down.  Absorption  is  another  phenomenon  displayed  by  col- 
loids. It  is  due  to  the  enormous  development  of  surface,  which 
affects   the   surface    tension    of   the   surrounding   solvent. 

Many  interesting  reactions  may  be  carried  out  in  jellies.  It 
is  then  noticed  that  the  reactions  always  take  place  in  rings. 
This  phenomenon  is  probably  connected  with  the  annular  struc- 
ture of  wood  in  trees,  the  layers  in  agate,  and  the  laminae  of 
oyster  shells. 

Most  of  the  common  articles  and  materials  in  daily  use  are 
colloidal  in  nature.  Man  himself  is  a  complicated  colloidal 
system,  "polyphasic  and  heterogL-neous."  The  kitchen  is  a 
veritable  colloidal  laboratory,  and  scientific  cookery  must  study 
the  reactions  of  colloids  in  meats  and  other  foods.  The  chem- 
istry of  beer  is  now  based  almost  entirely  in  colloidal  reactions, 
and  it  is  possible  to  predict  what  type  of  beer  will  be  produced 
from  any  given  materials  or  processes.  The  color  of  gems 
is  due  to  traces  of  colloidal  matter,  such  as  chromium  and 
manganese. 

Directly  connected  with  pharmacy  are  such  effects  as  enzyme 
reactions,  which  take  place  in  colloidal  systems;  and  the  serum 
and  other  tests,  such  as  the  Wassermann  reaction,  while  most 
physiological  processes  are  colloidal  phenomena.  Many  colloidal 
metals,  as  silver,  copper,  iron,  vanadium,  are  now  employed 
therapeutically,  and  many  more  compounds  are  being  studied. 
Catalytic  actions  are  in  some  cases  due  to  colloids.  Dr.  Wim- 
mer estimated  that  about  80  per  cent,  of  all  pharmaceutical 
preparations  are  colloidal,  including  tinctures,  extracts,  emul- 
sions, liniments,  resins,  etc.  Cold  cream  is  a  colloidal  solution 
of  several  solids  and  liquids,  while  Monsel's  solution  is  a  col- 
loidal solution  of  ferric  hydroxide  in  ferric  sulphate.  The  ferric 
hydroxide  used  as  an  antidote  for  arsenic  acts  by  adsorption,  and 
not  chemically.  When  the  antidote  is  prepared  so  as  to  carry 
the  same  electric  charge  as  the  arsenic,  it  is  no  longer  effective. 

The  lecture  was  discussed  by  Messrs.  Roemer,  Diner, 
Raubenheimer  and  Mayer,  and  a  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered 
Dr.  Wimmer  and  his  assistant.  Dr.  Jeannot  Hostmann. 


BICHLORIDE    ORDINANCE    "ABSOLUTE    FARCE." 


This   the    First   Administration    in   Which.   Druggists 
Could  Not  Get  Hearing  Before  Health  Board. 

DR.  WILLIAAI  C.  ANDERSON,  chairman  of  the  legis- 
lative committtee,  presented  an  interesting  report  at  the 
March  meeting  of  the  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical 
Society,  called  to  order  by  President  H.  B.  Smith.  Dr.  .Ander- 
son stated  that  study  of  the  recently  enacted  Board  of  Health 
mercuric  bichloride  ordinance  had  shown  that  the  measure  is 
"an  absolute  farce."  He  pointed  out  particularly  that  no  dis- 
tinctive form  or  color  of  tablet  was  specified,  and  that  the  last 
paragraph  of  the  ordinance  had  evidently  never  been  completed 
since  it  excepted  "any  preparation  containing  one-tenth  of  a 
grain  or  less  bichloride  of  mercury." 

"Never  in  any  previous  administration,"  asserted  Dr.  Ander- 
son, "have  druggists  been  denied  a  respectful  hearing  by  the 
Board  of  Health.  Even  this  has  been  denied  by  Dr.  Goldwater. 
The  ordinance  gives  signs  of  having  been  drawn  up  by  a  sub- 
ordinate. The  measure  provides  only  for  sale  at  retail:  a 
physician  can  sell  or  give  away  the  tablets. 

"The  Blauvelt  Bill,  No.  5,  has  been  reported  out  of  com- 
mittee and  is  now  before  the  Senate.  A  circular  letter  had 
been  sent  to  members  of  the  Senate  objecting  to  the  bill  upon 
seven  different  points."     These  points  were  as  follows: 

1.  Confining  bichloride  sales  to  physicians'  prescriptions 
places  an  unnecessary  burden  and  expense  upon  the  public 
without  accompl'shing  the  object  sought. 

2.  The  physician  is  the  only  one  who  would  benefit  by 
such  a  regulation. 

3.  The  act  permits  physicians  to  dispense  tablets  of  any 
color  or  form,  thus  eliminating  the  educational  advantage  of  a 
specific  color  or  form. 

4.  The  boxes  and  envelopes  used  as  containers  in  com- 
pound ng  prescriptions  of  this  drug  and  the  dispensing  of  the 
same  by  physicians,  which  is  permitted  under  the  act,  offer  the 
greatest  danger  of  accidental  poisoning, 

5.  Bichloride  of  mercury  is  extensively  and  necessarily  used 
for  other  than  medical  purposes  and  purchasers  for  such  other 
purposes  should    not   be   compelled   to   pay   a    doctor's   fee   in 


Apeil,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


177 


order  to  conduct  their  usual  business,  which   is  no  concern  of 
the  doctor  and  in  which  his  services  are  not  required. 

6.  Morbidly  inclined  people  who  wish  to  commit  suicide 
will  do  so  regardless  of  the  restrictions  placed  around  the  sale 
of  any  drug  or  other  article  capable  of  destroying  human  life, 
and  if  diey  prefer  bichloride  of  mercury  as  the  means  of  carry- 
ing out  their  desires,  will  not  hesitate  to  pay  the  doctor's  fee 
to  obtain  it. 

7.  A  law  that  would  simply  specify  that  bichloride  of 
mercury  in  tablet  form  when  sold,  dispensed  or  given  away, 
by  any  person,  should  be  in  glass  containers  and  of  a  specified 
shape  and  color  would  be  reasonable  and  just,  and  effective  in 
protecting  the  public,  and  be  free  from  the  earmarks  of  filling 
s  meone's  coffers  without  requiring  necessary    service   therefor. 

"The  Boylan-Kerrigan  narcotic  bill,"  said  Dr.  Anderson, 
"is  not  likely  to  pass.  It  is  strenuously  opposed  by  physicians 
who  do  not  want  their  patients  to  know  what  narcotics  are 
b  ing  prescribed  for  them.     It  probably  won't  pass  this  term." 

Dr.  Anderson  presented  an  outline,  printed  copies  of  which 
were  distributed  among  the  members,  showing  just  what  legis- 
lative measures  affecting  the  retail  drug  trade  were  opposed 
and  which  ones  were  favored.  The  bills  opposed  are  the 
Blauvelt  Senate,  No.  S ;  Hefferman  Senate,  No.  243 ;  Wheeler 
Senate,  Phillips  Assembly,  No.  59;  Knapp  Assembly,  No.  204; 
Frawley  Senate,  No.  270;  Boylan  Senate,  Nos.  26,  35  and  331; 
Kerrigan  Assembly,  No.  439;  Duhamel  Senate,  No.  375,  and 
Nelson  Assembly,  No.  279.  The  bills  favored  are  the  Sufrin 
Assembly,  No.  210;  Walters  Senate,  No.  427;  Seelye  Assembly, 
No.  607;  Nelson  Assembly,  No.  457;  Ahearn  Assembly,  No. 
712;   Ahearn   Assembly,  No.   713. 

Speaking  on  the  Blauvelt  bichloride  bill,  Jacob  H.  Rehfuss, 
president  of  the  N.Y.S.P.A.,  stated  that  according  to  recent 
Board  of  Health  statistics,  11  deaths  had  resulted  from  just 
34  cases  where  this  poison  had  been  taken  accidentally.  "Some 
of  these  cases  were  undoubtedly  suicides  and  the  families  have 
concealed  the  facts." 

Mr.  Rehfuss  doubted  if  the  Walters  bill  could  ever  be  gotten 
out  of  committee.  This  bill  if  enacted  would  make  the  phar- 
macy act  supersede  the  "one  day  of  rest  in  seven"  law.  "The 
State  association  legislative  committee  is  not  entirely  to  blame 
for  present  conditions,"  asserted  Mr.  Rehfuss,  discussing  the 
manner  in  which  the  labor  law  had  been  passed  without  pro- 
test. "The  Board  of  Pharmacy  is  as  much  to  blame  as  any- 
one. The  board  members  should  take  more  interest  in  these 
things." 

In  closing  the  discussion  of  the  legislative  situation.  Dr. 
Anderson  called  attention  to  th?  Stevens  bill,  H.R.  13305, 
relating  to  price  registration.  "This  legislation  would  be  a 
great  advantage  to  the  retail  drug  trade." 

Upon  the  suggestion  of  Adrian  Paradis,  a  resolution  was 
unanimously  adopted  approving  the  recommendations  of  Dr. 
E.  H.  Bartley,  made  at  the  recent  joint  propaganda  meeting 
at  the  college  and  which  re'ated  to  the  propriety  of  providing 
shorter  names  for  U.S. P.  and  N.F.  preparations.  The  reso- 
lution was  referred  to  the  Kings  County  Medical  Society  for 
its  approval.  The  secretary  was  directed  to  write  a  letter  of 
thanks  to  John  Roemer,  chairman  of  the  N.Y.S.P.A.  pro- 
paganda committee,  for  his  work  in  connection  with  the  joint 
meeting  referred  to  above. 

Treasurer  Adrian  Paradis  reported  a  balance  on  hand 
amounting  to  $326.  Wm.  F.  Morgan,  who  has  charge  of  the 
society's  detail  work,  was  appropriated  the  sum  of  $100. 


M.A.R.D.  TAKES  STAND  ON  PENDING  MEASURES 


Members    Oppose    the    Frawley    Bill    and    Favor    the 
Stevens  Bill — ^Mass  Meeting  at  New   York  C.P. 

THE  Metropolitan  Association  of  Retail  Druggists  went  on 
record  as  opposing  the  Frawley  bill  and  as  favoring  the 
Stevens'  price  maintenance  bill,  at  a  meeting  held  March 
24,  at  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy.  The  members  also 
recorded  their  opposition  to  the  present  Board  of  Health 
bichloride  of  mercury  ordinance.  In  the  absence  of  President 
R.  M.  McCutcheon,  1st  Vice-President  Jacob  H.  Rehfuss  called 
the  meeting  to  order  and  Secretary-'Treasurer  Louis  Berger 
officiated  in  his  official  capacity.  Mr.  Berger  asked  that  his 
offices  be  separated  and  that  a  new  treasurer  be  elected.  Henry 
E.  Oates  was  elected. 

Dr.   Wm.   C.   Anderson   introduced  a  resolution   to  the  effect 
that  the  association  hold  a  mass  meeting  in  the  college  building 


to  further  the  advancement  of  the  Stevens  price  maintenance 
bill,  and  that  the  American  Fair  Trade  League  be  requested 
to  co-operate  toward  making  the  affair  a  success.  The  mem- 
bers unanimously  concurred  and  Friday,  April  3,  was  set  as  the 
probable  date  for  the  mass  meeting.  Dr.  Anderson,  Louis 
Berger  and  Alexander  Gardner  were  appointed  as  a  committee 
of  arrangements.  Dr.  Anderson  stated  that  prominent  speak- 
ers would  be  secured  from  Washington  and  that  the  Fair 
Trade  League  would  interest  the  other  trades.  Besides  favor- 
ing the  Stevens  bill  by  resolution,  the  members  were  instructed 
to  inform  their  Senators  and  Congressmen  relative  to  their 
attitude. 

A  set  of  by-laws,  prepared  by  Peter  Diamond  and  read  by 
Dr.  Anderson  were  adopted  as  a  whole  as  amendments  to  the 
by-laws  of  the  old  Metropolitan  Association  of  Retail  Drug- 
gists. The  name  of  the  old  organization  was  retained  for  the 
reason  that  the  old  charter  may  be  utilized  and  the  members 
thus  be  relieved  of  individual  responsibility.  Furthermore,  a 
fund  of  $80  or  more  is  on  deposit  in  a  local  bank  to  the 
credit  of  the  old  M.A.R.D.  Secretary  Louis  Berger  thought 
that  by  reviving  the  old  organization  this  sum  could  be  se- 
cured. Chairman  Rehfuss  and  others  at  first  favored  a  new 
name. 

According  to  the  revised  by-laws,  any  registered  pharmacist 
who  is  a  member  of  the  N.A.R.D.  is  eligible  for  membership, 
but  must  be  passed  upon  by  a  committee.  The  president,  vice- 
president,  secretary  and  treasurer  will  serve  one  year.  Chair- 
men of  committees  constitute  the  board  of  trustees.  Meetings 
will  be  held  on  the  third  Tuesday  afternoon  of  March,  June, 
September  and  December.  Ten  members  constitute  a  quorum. 
The  annual  meeting  will  be  the  December  meeting.  The 
chairman  may  call  special  meetings  upon  the  written  request 
of  10  members.  Ernest  Berger,  of  Tampa,  Fla.,  formerly 
president  of  the  Florida  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  and  now 
president  of  the  National  Association  Boards  of  Pharmacy, 
was  present  as  a  guest. 


Minnesota   Ph.A. 

The  30th  annual  convention  of  the  Minnesota  Ph.A.  was 
held  at  the  West  Hotel,  Minneapolis,  in  February,  with  a  large 
attendance  and  marked  interest.  Nearly  500  persons  registered, 
including  the  members  of  the  Travelers'  Auxiliary,  and  visitors. 
The  gathering  was  welcomed  by  President  W.  A..  Abbett,  and 
by  Mayor  Wallace  G.  Nye,  of  Minneapolis,  himself  a  pioneer 
druggist.  The  reports  of  officers  showed  the  association  to  be 
larger  than  a  year  ago,  and  in  better  financial  condition. 
There  were  a  number  of  interesting  addresses,  including  one 
by  Prof.  J.  P.  Remington,  of  Philadelphia.  The  following 
officers  were  elected:  President,  Max  Menzel,  Pipestone;  1st 
vice-president,  Miss  Evelyn  Williams,  Minneapolis;  2d  vice- 
president,  R.  J.  Messing,  St.  Paul;  3d  vice-president,  S.  B. 
Carlson,  Willmar;  secretary,  Dr.  E.  L.  Newcomb,  Minneapolis; 
treasurer,  L.  J.  Aberwald.  The  following  were  nominated  for 
appointment  to  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy:  R.  J.  Messing, 
St.  Paul;  M.  D.  Martin,  Northfield;  W.  A.  Abbeit,  Duluth; 
F.  M.  Parker,  St.  Paul;  E.  W.  Reitzke,  St.  Paul.  The 
Travelers'  Auxiliary  elected  the  following  officers:  President, 
W.  R.  Mandigo;  1st  vice-president,  T.  J.  McMillan;  2d  vice- 
president,  W.  B.  Fields;  3d  vice-president,  Walter  Strickland; 
secretary,  G.  Hammond  Brown.  The  Northwestern  Branch  of  the 
A. Ph. A.,  which  met  at  the  same  time,  elected  the  following 
officers:    President,   C.   T.  Heller,   St.   Paul;   vice-president,   A. 

D.  Thompson,    Minneapolis;     secretary    and    treasurer,    Prof. 

E.  L.  Newcomb,  Minneapolis;  executive  committee,  A.  J. 
Kline,  Minneapolis;  F.  M.  Parker,  St.  Paul;  W.  S.  Smetana, 
Hopkins;  F.  A.  Upsher  Smith,  St.  Paul;  representative  to  the 
Council  of  the  A. Ph. A.,  Dean  F.  J.  WuUing. 


Minneapolis   Drug   Club. 

The  Minneapolis  Drug  Club  held  its  March  meeting  on 
the  2d  at  the  Camels'  Club.  A  club  dinner  was  served 
at  6 :  30  p.m.  after  which  the  members  got  down  to  an  earnest 
discussion  of  the  propositions  recommended  by  the  board  of 
directors.  The  following  important  propositions  came  up  for 
discussion : 

The  National  Drug  Clerk,  official  publication  of  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Drug  Clerks,  invited  the  Minneapolis 
Drug  Club  members  to  participate  in  the  work  of  the  associa- 
tion and  a  motion  was  made  before  the  club  endorsing  the 
work  of  the  National  Association  of  Drug  Clerks  and  author- 


ITS 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


[April,  1914 


izing  the  secretary  to  cause  to  be  entered  for  each  of  the  drug 
clerk  members  of  the  Minneapolis  Drug  Club,  one  year's  sub- 
scription to  the  National  Drug  Clerk. 

The  recommendation  of  the  executive  committee  that  prizes 
be  offered  to  drug  clerks  for  original  papers  to  be  read  at  the 
regular  meetings  of  the  club  was  acted  upon  favorably  and  a 
1st,  2d,  and  3d  prize  were  offered  for  a  paper  entitled  "How 
Can  I  Increase  My  Personal  Efficiency?"  This  paper  to  be 
read  at  the  meeting  on  April  6. 

A  round  table  discussion  on  the  proposed  Pure  Food  and 
Drugs  Show,  to  be  he'd  in  Minneapolis  the  latter  part  of  1914, 
brought  out  many  new  ideas  and  \'aluable  suggestions.  The 
club  voted  unanimously  its  endorsement  and  each  member 
pledged  his  hearty  support  to  the  committee  in  charge. 

The  matter  of  a  Question  Box  was  brought  up,  and  this 
important  institution  was  authorized.  Druggists,  clerk*,  and 
travelers  will  send  in  their  questions  to  the  secretary  who  will 
turn  them  over  to  the  proper  chairmen  of  committees,  ques- 
tions to  be  answered  either  by  mail  or  at  the  regular  meetings. 

The  club  unanimously  voted  to  organize  a  Ladies'  Auxiliary, 
to  be  under  the  directions  and  classification  of  the  Entertain- 
ment and  Athletic  Section.  The  organization  of  the  Ladies' 
Auxiliary  will  take  place  on  April  17,  at  which  time  the  club 
voted  to  have  a  dollar  dinner  to  members  and  guests  at  7  p.m., 
after  which  there  will  be  dancing  and  cards.  This  meeting 
will  be  held  at  the  Camels  Club. 

The  Minneapolis  Drug  Club  is  growing  rapidly  in  numbers 
and  the  high  personnel  of  its  membership  indicates  that  it 
has  struck  a  keynote  in  Northwestern  drugdom. 

One  of  the  pleasant  surprises  at  the  30th  annual  meeting  of 
the  Minnesota  State  Pharmaceutical  .'\ssociation  was  the  music 
furnished  by  the  Minneapolis  Drug  Club  orchestra  at  both  the 
banquet  and  the  ball.  The  practice  evening  of  the  orchestra 
is  Thursday  of  each  week  at  the  secretary's  office,  and  any 
druggists,  clerks  or  travelers  who  desire  to  affiliate  with  the 
orchestra  are  invited  to  come  up  to  practice. 

The  officers  of  the  club  are  most  sanguine  as  to  the  final 
results  and  everything  seems  to  indicate  that  the  club  will  be 
in  financial  condition  to  undertake  the  furnishing  of  club  rooms 
at  an  early  date. 

Correspondence  from  other  drug  clubs  is  invited,  and  drug- 
gists, clerks  or  trave'ers  passing  through  Minneapolis  are 
cordially  invited  to  call  at  the  secretary's  office. 


N.Y.  Conference  for  Hearing  on  Bichloride  Ordinance. 
By  resolution  at  a  recent  meeting  of  the  New  York  Phar- 
m-'ceutical  Conference,  Secretary  Mayo  was  instructed  to  write 
Commissioner  of  Health  Dr.  Goldwater  and  to  request  a 
hearing  with  the  latter  on  the  new  bichloride  of  mercury 
ordinance.  To  put  it  crudely,  the  delegates  present,  Messrs. 
Russell,  Latham,  Weinstein,  Bigelow,  France,  Mayo  and  An- 
derson "ripped  the  ordinance  to  pieces."  The  best  criterion 
of  gross  inexperience  in  legislating,  they  considered  the  last 
paragraph,  which  exempted  the  application  of  the  ordinance 
"to  any  preparation  containing  one-tenth  of  a  grain  or  less  of 
bichloride  of  mercury."  They  also  inquired  as  to  the  meaning 
of  "a  particularly  distinctive  form  or  color"  as  applied  to 
bichloride  tablets.  Opinion  was  divided  on  the  propriety  of 
giving  up  without  a  fight  the  right  to  sell  the  tablets  except 
on  prescription. 


President,  Prof.  E.  Fullcrton  Cook;  1st  vice- 
Samuel  C.  Henry;  2d  vice-president,  Prof.  Julius  \V. 
secretary,  Robert  P.  Fischelis;  treasurer,  M.  M. 
committees:  Practical  pharmacy,  Charles  H.  La  Wall, 
son  McXeary  and  .Xmbrose  Hunsberger;  professional 
William  L.  Cliffc,  Franklin  M.  Apple  and  Dr.  F.  E, 
membership,  A.  J.  Staudt,   William  E.  Lee  and  Quin 


Pittsburgh  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 

B.  E.  Pritchard,  secretary  of  the  Pittsburgh  branch  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  .'\ssociation,  in  an  address  before 
that  body  at  the  March  meeting,  said  police  and  State  officials 
had  proved  themselves  unable  to  cope  with  the  increase  of 
deaths  from  poisons  taken  accidentally  and  with  suicidal 
intent.  He  said  it  would  become  the  duty  of  the  druggists 
to  protect  the  public  against  poisons  if  adequate  laws  regulat- 
ing their  sale  could  not  be  secured.  The  statement  was  made 
during  a  discussion  of  the  bichloride  question,  in  which  Messrs. 
Pritchard,  Louis  Saalbach  and  F.  J.  Blumenschein  participated. 

Dr.  Louis  Saalbach  declared  the  druggists  of  America  set 
the  standard  which  was  afterward  adopted  by  the  Govern- 
ment and  incorporated  in  the  pure  food  and  drugs  act. 


president, 
Sturmer; 
Osborne; 
W.  Wil- 
relations, 
Stewart ; 

tus  Hoch. 


AMONG    THE    ASSOCIATIONS. 


Philadelphia  Branch,   A.Ph.A. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  branch  March  3  at  the  Phila- 
delphia Drug  Club,  the  following  officers  and  committees  were 
elected : 


The  Michigan  State  Rexall  Association  has  elected  the  fol- 
lowing officers:  President,  E.  W.  Austin,  Midland;  1st  vice- 
president,  J.  A.  Skinner,  Cedar  Springs;  2d  vice-president, 
Roy  Burlingame,  Dowagiac ;  secretary  and  treasurer,  James  A. 
Beukema,  Grand  Rapids.  The  executive  committee,  each 
member  the  chairman  of  a  department,  is  as  follows:  J.  E. 
O'Donoghue,  Negaunee,  candy  department;  Harry  McGowan, 
Ionia,  to  let  articles  department ;  E.  Matthews,  Ypsilanti,  sta- 
tionery department;  Charles  P.  Baker,  Battle  Creek,  soda 
fountain  department ;  A.  T.  Putnam,  Manistee,  rubber  goods 
department;  D.  G.  Look,  Lowell,  cig:r  department;  Von  M. 
Furniss,  Nashville,  universal  side  lines  department;  Charles  H. 
Frantz,  Bay  City,  specialty  sales  department;  T.  A.  Goodwin, 
Itliaca,  general  advertising;  E.  A.  Sepull,  Alpena,  window  and 
counter  d  splay  department:  F.  W.  Millard,  Adrian,  salespeople 
and  salesmanship;  D.  A.  Hagans,  Monroe,  drug  store  finance. 
The  next  meeting  will  be  held  in  Oetrnit 

C.  Y.  Stollenwerck,  of  Greensboro,  has  been  elected  presi- 
dent of  the  Alabama  State  Rexall  Club.  The  other  officers 
elected  are:  A.  M.  Riley,  Andalusia,  1st  vice-president;  E.  E. 
Cale,  Pratt  City,  2d  vice-president;  T.  Wood  Throckmorton, 
Guntersville,  3d  vice-president ;  John  T.  Roc,  Mobile,  secretary- 
treasurer.  The  next  place  of  meeting  has  not  yet  been  selected. 
The  chairmen  of  the  committees  follow :  John  M.  Martin, 
Bessemer,  candy ;  W.  C.  Brady,  Jackson,  toilet  goods ;  Louis 
Howie,  Pell  City,  stationery;  J.  R.  Dowling,  Gadsden,  rubber 
goods;  H.  F.  Shackleford,  Brewton,  soda  fountain;  E.  H. 
Bingham,  Tuscaloosa,  cigars;  Cicero  Rudd,  Lineville,  unusual 
side  lines;  U.  Beach,  Geneva,  general  advertising;  L.  L. 
Crump,  Birmingham,  window  and  interior  displays;  T.  E. 
Gilbert,  Athens,  special  sales;  E.  E.  Cale,  Pratt  City,  sales- 
people and  salesmanship ;  J.  W.  Payne,  Scottsboro,  drug-store 
financial  problems. 

Representative  druggists  from  Burleigh,  McLean,  Kidder, 
Emmons  and  Mcintosh  counties,  N.  Dak.,  were  in  session 
in  the  Capital  City  recently 'and  organized  for  mutual  benefit. 
At  the  last  State  meeting  of  the  Druggists'  Association,  the 
State  was  divided  into  districts  and  the  10th  was  designated 
to  comprise  the  above-named  counties.  A  committee  was 
appointed  to  draft  a  constitution  and  by-laws,  also  to  deter- 
niine  a  name.  This  committee  will  report  later,  which  report 
will  be  considered  at  the  next  meeting,  which  is  to  be  held  in 
Bismarck  on  June  10.  Only  two  officers  were  elected  at  this 
meeting,  they  being  Burt  Finney,  president,  Bismarck;  F.  C. 
Malloy,  secretary.  Max.  The  object  of  the  organization  is  the 
advancement  and  betterment  of  the  profession  of  pharmacists. 
At  the  March  meeting  of  the  Long  Island  Drug  Club,  much 
enthusiasm  marked  the  evening.  A  good  attendance  was  pres- 
ent and  10  new  members  were  elected.  The  games-amuse- 
ment committee  have  arranged  for  various  events:  For  April, 
a  musicale  and  dance;  May  and  June,  baseball  contest  of  five 
games;  July,  day's  outing  on  Staten  Island;  August,  three 
swimming  contests;  for  the  Fall  a  minstrel  show  and  dance. 
The  club  will  participate  in  the  bazaar  and  ball  to  be  held 
at  Saengerbund  Hall,  April  16,  by  the  various  pharmaceutical 
associations  in  the  interest  of  the  National  Druggists'  Home. 
The  25th  Ward  Retail  Druggists'  Club,  of  Chicago,  indorsed 
Lee  M.  Ped:go,  a  member,  as  Democratic  candidate  for  Alder- 
man. The  officers  elected  are :  President,  Frank  Ahlborn ; 
vice-presidents,  Henry  Lyons,  A.  W.  Adamack  and  A.  Maguire; 
secretary,  L.  J.  Conrad;  treasurer,  Edward  Pemberthy;  direc- 
tors, John  Sutcliffe,  H.  W.  Hollander,  Charles  Thiel,  F.  S. 
Kruger,  Carl  Warner,  N.  Sime,  A.  E.  Hartke,  J.  H.  Hogan, 
W.  L.  Lentz,  Oscar  Malone,  Frederick  Provost,  C.  A,  Thayer 
and  E.  Buesah. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Minnesota  Rexall  Club  F.  M. 
Parker,  of  St.  Paul,  was  elected  president  of  the  club;  E.  M. 
Threadway,  Duluth,  vice-president;  C.  W.  Brenner,  Stillwater, 
secretary.      Thomas   Voegeli,    of   Minneapolis,    was   toastmaster 


April,  19]  4] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


179 


at  the  banquet.  Responses  were  made  by  C.  A.  Jack,  Prince- 
ton; J.  H.  Beise,  Fergus  Falls;  J.  A.  Connel,  Luverne,  and 
B.  L.  Benson,  of  Fargo,  N.  D. 

The  13th  annual  dinner  of  the  Troy  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation was  held  at  the  Rensselaer  Hotel,  Troy,  with  addresses 
by  the  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Sprague,  Senator  George  H.  Whitney, 
John  B.  Holmes,  Frank  T.  Russell  and  Edward  Loeb,  presi- 
dent, and  Frank  J.  Smith,  secretary,  of  the  Albany  Drug  Club. 
President  Ezra  Stillman,  of  the  Troy  association,  was  chair- 
man. 

The  Ladies'  Auxiliary  of  the  Milwaukee  Pharmaceutical 
Association  recently  entertained  the  Milwaukee  druggists  at  a 
dancing  and  card  party  in  Colonial  hall  in  that  city.  The 
programme  was  opened  with  a  grand  march  led  by  George 
H.  Kesten,  president  of  the  Milwaukee  Ph. A.  Most  of  the 
leading  druggists  of  the  city  and  their  wives  were  in  attendance. 

At  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Worcester  County  (Mass.) 
Druggists'  Association,  the  following  officers  were  elected: 
President,  Herbert  E.  Davis;  vice-president,  W.  H.  Morse; 
treasurer,  A.  C.  Woodward;  secretary,  B.  C.  Cutler;  executive 
committee,  Walter  S.  Doane,  Peter  B.  Moriarty,  Frederick  H. 
Fenwick,   James  Gearin  and   A.  W.   Andrews. 

The  fourth  annual  party  of  the  Grand  Rapids  Drug  Club 
was  held  in  the  St.  Cecilia  ballroom  with  80  couples  partici- 
pating. A  "souvenir"  march,  in  which  costly  souvenirs  were 
pressed  upon  the  guests  of  the  evening,  was  a  feature,  and  was 
lee  by  the  president,  E.  D.  DeLaMater  and  Mrs.  DeLaMater. 

More  than  200  members  of  the  Woman's  Club  of  the  Allied 
Drug  Trades  of  Chicago  attended  a  luncheon  and  card  party  at 
the  Hotel  Sherman  for  the  benefit  of  charities  supported  by  the 
organization.     Mrs.  George  Mathison  was  in  charge. 

The  St.  Joseph  County  (Ind.)  Drug  Association  has  elected 
the  following  officers:  President,  F.  A.  Schiffer;  vice-president, 
Louis  Steinkohl ;  secretary,  Paul  E.  Wolter ;  treasurer,  Henry 
L.  Spohn. 

The  Dallas  County  (Tex.)  R.D.A.  has  elected  the  follow- 
ing officers :  President,  Jacob  Schrodt ;  vice-president,  J.  C. 
Coulson ;  secretary-treasurer,  L.  O.  Robertson. 

While  no  official  announcement  has  yet  been  made  it  is 
understood  that  the  June  meeting  of  the  Massachusetts  Ph. A. 
will  be  held  at  Swampscott. 

A  movement  to  organize  the  druggists  of  Flushing,  L.  I., 
has  been  started  by  James  E.  Shepherd,  who  has  a  drug  store 
at  41    Wilson   avenue. 

Half  a  hundred  members  of  the  Memphis  Drug  Club  attended 
the  first  annual  banquet  of  that  organization. 


Schools  and  Colleges 


LASCOFF    EXPLAINS    "ANALYSIS    STATEMENT." 


Outlines  His  System  of  Daily  Accounting-  Before  N.Y. 
C.P. — Others    Discuss    Prof.    Martin's    Address. 

J  LEON  LASCOFF,  a  member  of  the  New  York  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy,  approved  of  the  modern  department- 
•  izing  of  the  drug  store  and  advocated  for  utilization  by 
the  druggist  a  daily  statement — an  "analysis  statement" — as  it 
was  defined  by  Prof.  Selden  O.  Martin,  the  speaker  of  the 
evening,  on  the  occasion  of  the  March  meeting  of  the  New 
York  College  of  Pharmacy.  Prof.  Martin's  address  appears  in 
full  in  the  editorial  section.  Mr.  Lascoff  explained  to  the 
college  members  that  his  system  showed  each  day  the  balance 
brought  forward  from  yesterday,  the  cash  taken  in  on  bills 
collected,  how  many  prescriptions  were  filled  during  the  day, 
the  amount  of  candy,  cigars,  etc.,  sold;  cash  drawn  from  the 
bank,  charges  made,  "unfortunately,  or  otherwise,"  he  carried 
600  accounts;  returned  goods,  errors  registered,  petty  expenses, 
merchandise  account,  cash  account  (salaries,  etc.),  cash  de- 
posited (checks  deposited),  balance  at  the  close  of  business, 
checks  at  the  close  of  business,  goods  bought  per  bills,  etc. 
This  statement  told  at  a  glance  all  the  important  facts  of  the 
daily  business.  Examination  of  the  statement  by  one  unused 
to  it  might  prove  puzzling,  but  it  required  only  five  minutes 
per  day  to  make  out  and  Mr.  Lascoff  had  been  utilizing  this 
form  of  statement  during  the  past   14  years. 


Prof.  Martin  asked  Mr.  Lascoff  if  he  kept  a  record  of  the 
sales  made  by  each  salesman.  In  towns  of  100,000  or  over, 
each  shoe  salesman  should  sell  $10,000  of  goods  per  year. 
Considering  the  large  number  of  comparatively  small  sales  made 
in  the  average  drug  store,  this  amount  of  sales  per  salesman 
could  not  be  expected  in  a  drug  store.  Nevertheless,  he  was 
surprised  to  find  that  one  drug  store  employing  six  sales- 
persons had  averaged  $8000  per  year  each.  Mr.  Lascoff  re- 
plied to  the  effect  that  he  had  once  attempted  an  analysis  of 
sales  per  salesman,  but  had  found  it  practically  impossible  to 
adapt  such  an  analysis  to  such  a  complex  business  as  that  of 
the  drug  store.  Prof.  Martin  approved  of  Mr.  LascofFs 
"analysis  sheet"  because  by  its  use  he  knew  his  own  business; 
but,  on  the  other  hand,  it  did  not  tell  him  what  the  business 
should  be. 

Caswell  A.  Mayo,  who  introduced  the  members  participating 
in  the  discussion,  presented  some  interesting  statistics  on 
"turnovers,"  these  having  been  compiled  by  a  monthly  maga- 
zine. According  to  the  magazine,  the  grocery  business  made 
on  an  average  of  10  turn-overs  of  stock  per  year,  department 
stores  seven,  variety  goods  six,  drug  business  four  and  a  half 
(Mr.  Mayo  dissenting),  dry  goods  four,  hardware  three  and 
a  half,  furniture  three,  shoes  two  and  one-tenth,  clothing  two, 
and  jewelry  one  and  a  half.  Mr.  Mayo  pointed  out  that  the 
druggist  should  cut  down  his  slow-moving  stock  to  a  minimum 
and  put   in  stock  that   turns  over  quickly. 

Reuben  R.  Smith  asserted  that  it  was  his  practice  to  know 
his  daily  receipts.  He  thought  that  it  was  a  serious  mistake 
for  one  man  to  try  to  take  charge  of  two  or  more  stores. 
It  were  better  to  give  one  store  its  proper  attention.  He  con- 
cluded by  expressing  the  opinion  that  opportunities  in  the  drug 
business  were  better  than  ever  before.  He  regretted  that 
retail  druggists  had  not  previously  had  the  benefit  of  the 
accounting  experience  which  has  been  presented  at  the  last 
several  college  meetings. 

D.  T.  Larimore  stated  that  in  his  business  accounting  was 
simplified  by  the  fact  that  he  sold  no  candy,  cigars  and  some 
other  articles  handled  by  practically  all  drug  stores.  Several 
years  ago  he  had  employed  an  expert  accountant  who  had 
devised  a  simple  accounting  scheme  for  his  business.  A  day 
book,  journal,  etc.,  were  features  of  this  system  and  all 
accounts  went  through  a  general  ledger.  He  asserted  that  any 
business  required  minute  attention.  He  advocated  the  cash 
register   as  simplifying  the  keeping  of  accurate  accounts. 

"The  little  man  is  the  one  who  needs  help,"  was  the 
assertion  of  David  Costelo.  Mr.  Costelo  told  how  a  drug 
store  had  been  departmentized  by  a  corporation.  The  depart- 
ments inaugurated  were  as  follows:  Prescription,  drugs,  old 
goods,  proprietaries,  bristle  goods  and  toilet  specialties,  soda, 
candy,  cigars,  etc.  A  cash  register  was  installed.  The  break- 
ing up  of  the  store  into  departments,  he  said,  was  impossible 
for  the  small  druggist. 

Charles  Holzhauer  presided. 


"Blizzard  Class"   Dinner. 

March  12  was  the  26th  anniversary  of  the  celebrated  "bliz- 
zard," which  was  a  unique  event  in  the  weather  history  of  New 
York.  It  was  on  that  memorable  day  in  1888  when  88  students 
took  and  passed  their  examination  at  the  New  York  College 
of  Pharmacy,  and  in  the  "Blizzard  Class"  a  great  many  phar- 
macists originated  who  made  a  mark  in  the  scientific  and 
commercial  world.  The  members  of  the  class  on  March  12 
of  each  year  hold  a  reunion  and  celebrate  by  a  dinner  the 
blizzard  and  their  examination.  This  year  they  came  together 
at  a  dinner  at  Terrace  Garden,  New  York  City.  The  speakers 
were:  Prof.  Charles  F.  Chandler,  an  honorary  member;  Felix 
Hirsemann,  ex-president  of  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical 
Association,  and  David  Strauss,  member  of  the  New  Jersey 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy.  Dr.  Walter  S.  Reed  is  president 
of  the  class,  and  Prof.  Geo.  C.  Diekman  is  secretary-treasurer. 
To  the  regret  of  all,  the  latter  was  unable  to  be  present  on 
account  of  illness.  The  dinner  committee  consisted  of  the 
following  members:  August  Diehl,  chairman;  Phillip  Matty, 
Emil  Weiss,  Otto  Raubenheimer,  Frederick  P.  Tuthill,  David 
Strauss  and  W.  Pitt  Rich.  In  addition  to  the  above,  the  fol- 
lowing were  present  at  the  reunion  and  dinner:  S.  V.  B. 
Swann,  Fritz  Schaeffer,  L.  N.  Brown,  of  Sag  Harbor;  F.  A. 
Frawley,  of  Bangor,  Me. ;  Dr.  Walter  S.  Reed,  of  Long  Branch, 
N.  J. ;  Dr.  Leopold  Freiberger,  Dr.  A.  S,  Slonaker,  Prof.  Fred 
P.  Tuthill,  Prof.  Otto  Raubenheimer,  David  Strauss,  of  New- 


180 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


ark;  A.  T.  Brown,  of  Sag  Harbor,  L.  I,;  August  Diehl,  Phillip 
M;»tty,  G.  F.  \"on  Kummer,  C.  W.  Bartlett,  Emit  Weiss,  W, 
Oettijiger,  W.  G.  Kugler,  F.  A.  Kalkbrenner,  J.  G.  Reeves, 
C.  A.  Schein,  A.  Volland,  C.  W.  Trautniann,  of  Jersey  City, 
and  Fred  Plump,  of  Freeport,  L.   I. 

First  N.Y.C.P.  "Student  Night"  a  Success. 
Prof.  Curt  P.  Wimmer  delivered  the  opening  address  at  the 
first  of  a  series  of  "Students'  Nights,"  held  recently  at  the 
New  York  College  of  Pharmacy,  this  initial  affair  being  made 
possible  by  the  final  rounding  into  tone  of  the  college  glee 
club,  the  mandolin  club  and  the  orchestra.  Prof.  Wimmer 
introduced  Prof.  H.  E.  Crampton,  of  Columbia  University, 
who  talked  on  "Academic  Spirit."  Coach  Lush,  in  charge  of 
the  Columbia  baseball  nine,  talked  to  the  students  in  an  in- 
teresting vein.  He  was  followed  by  L.  Roudin,  who  recited. 
H.  Wirklich,  '14,  led  the  Columbia  songs,  which  were  illus- 
trated by  the  stereopticon.  M.  Hochberg  was  applauded  for 
his  impersonations  and  George  Leich  for  his  tenor  solo.  The 
programme  was  interspersed  with  selections  by  the  various 
musical  organizations.  The  musical  organizations  consist  of 
the  following  members:  Glee  club— H.  Wirklich,  director; 
M.  Markowitz,  G.  Portoghese,  F.  A.  Frawley,  E.  A.  Baldwin, 

A.  Galateria,  F.  T.  Fletcher,  D.  W.   Odell,  E.  L.  Moadinger, 

B.  Geiger,  S.  Horowitz,  W.  A.  McBride  and  S.  R.  Drapkin; 
mandolin  club — A.  Galateria,  director;  S.  J.  Wu,  D.  Fran- 
ceschi,  E.  FrancescKi,  M.  DeLalla,  J.  J.  Green  and  J.  Lione; 
A.  Weinstein,  1st  violin;  S.  Anzalone,  1st  violin;  J.  Windt, 
orchestra — E.  A.  Atwood,  piano;  F.  E.  Ambrose,  1st  violin; 
2d  violin;  A.  Lambert,  2d  violin;  J.  Sciacca,  1st  cornet;  A.  M. 
Dixon,  2d  cornet;  T.  E.  Kinane,  trombone;  Dr.  C.  W.  Ballard, 
'cello,  and  T.  McGranaghan,  drums. 


New  York  College   Notes. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  college  was  held  March  17,  and 
the  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  coming  year:  Presi- 
dent, Nicholas  Murray  Butler;  1st  vice-president,  Charles  F. 
Chandler;  2d  vice-president,  William  J.  -Schieffelin ;  3d  vice- 
president,  Albert  Plaut;  treasurer,  Clarence  O.  Bigelow;  sec- 
retary, "Thomas  F.  Main;  assistant  secretary,  Edward  W. 
Runyon;  trustees  to  serve  three  years,  Max  J.  Breitenbach, 
Frederick  K.  James,  Jacob  Weil,  Robert  S.  Lehman,  Irving 
McKesson. 

The  next  regular  meeting  of  the  college  will  be  held  Tues- 
day, May  19,  at  which  the  last  of  the  series  of  practical  talks  on 
profit  in  the  drug  business  will  be  given.  All  retail  pharmacists 
are  cordially  invited  to  attend. 


College  of  Pharmacy,  University  of  Washington. 

The  February  semester  brought  an  increase  of  12  new  mem- 
bers. 

M.  V.  Veldee,  Ph.C,  '11,  B.S.,  '13,  assistant  in  bacteriology 
and  who  is  now  working  on  his  master's  degree,  recently  passed 
a  United  States  Civil  Service  examination  for  bacteriologist. 
Mr.  Veldee  passed  with  a  very  high  grade. 

The  annual  ball  given  by  the  Pharmacy  Club  was  very  well 
attended  by  the  students,  as  well  as  alumni  and  others,  and 
all  reported  a  most  enjoyable  time.  The  dance  was  certainly 
a  grand  success,  from  start  to  finish,  and  this  was  due  to  the 
untiring  efforts  of  the  social  committee,  composed  of  the  fol- 
lowing members:  S.  B.  Kinne,  chairman;  May  Otteson,  Hen- 
rietta McNerthney,  B.  H.  Carroll  and  G.  W.  Nelson.  Dean 
and  Mrs.  C.  W.  Johnson  and  Professor  and  Mrs.  A.  W. 
Linton  acted  as  patrons  and  patronesses. 

The  University  of  Washington  basketball  quintet  have  just 
arrived  home  after  a  very  successful  tour  of  Oregon.  They 
won  four  games  out  of  six  played,  and  have  to  their  credit 
so  far  this  year  a  list  of  10  victories  and  only  two  defeats. 
The  pharmacy  department  takes  a  special  interest  in  this  form 
of  athletics  by  possessing  an  excellent  representation  in  the 
person  of  O.  B.  Schreuder,  who  is  one  of  the  cleverest  basket 
shooters  on  the  team. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  Washington  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy will  be  held  in  the  Pharmacy  building  of  the  University 
of  Washington  on  April  2  and  3.  At  this  time  examinations 
for  registration  will  be  given  and  it  is  reported  that  many 
aspirants  will  be  present,  due  to  the  recent  ruling  of  the  board, 
that  all  persons  wishing  to  take  the  State  Board  examination 
after  July  1,  1914,  must  be  graduates  of  one  of  the  Conference 
Schools.     This  will  mean  a  greater  increase  in  the  number  of 


students  here  at  the  university  and  it  will  also  tend  to  raise 
tlie  standard  of  the  future  pharmacist.  Our  motto:  'Upward, 
outward,  onward." 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Pharmacy  Club  the  following 
officers  were  elected  for  the  coming  semester:  H.  F.  Sewell, 
president;  Miss  May  Otteson,  vice-president;  Miss  Clara 
Henry,  secretary;  T.  E.  Kinnee,  treasurer;  Jeffry  Hilton, 
sergeant-at-arms;  J.  C.  Palmer,  corresponding  secretary.  Presi- 
dent Sewell  later  appointed  the  following  committees  to  serve 
during  the  ensuing  semester:  Social  committee,  Chas.  D. 
Donahue,  chairman;  Miss  McNerthney,  R.  H.  Geil,  B.  E. 
Umbarger  and  M.  H.  .Filz.  Programme  committee,  H.  H. 
Lamb,  chairman ;  Miss  Hilton  and  H.  A.  Kumpinsky. 


University    of    Michigan    School    of    Pharmacy. 

The  second  semester  opened  Feb.  9  with  110  students 
registered  for  the  year. 

Prof.  C.  O.  Hill,  Ph.C,  '93,  who  is  the  head  of  the  Organic 
Chemistry  Department  of  the  University  of  Tennessee,  visited 
friends  in   Ann  Arbor  during  February. 

The  senior  class  gave  a  very  enjoyable  dance  at  the  Packard 
Academy  March   6. 

The  sophomore  class  elected  these  officers  recently:  R.  G. 
Arner,  Rimersburg,  Pa.,  president;  A.  J.  Halgren,  Escanaba, 
Mich.,  vice-president;  O.  A.  Brines,  Algonac,  Mich.,  secretary, 
and  E.  W.  Crysler,  Littleton,   Col.,   treasurer. 

Dean  A.  B.  Stevens  was  recently  elected  chairman  of  the 
local  section  of  the  American  Chemical  Society. 


University  of  Illinois  School   of  Pharmacy. 

The  54th  commencement  of  the  University  of  Illinois  School 
of  Pharmacy  (Chicago  College  of  Pharmacy)  will  be  held  at 
Howard's  Theater,  Chicago,  on  Wednesday  afternoon,  April 
22,  at  2  o'clock.  The  principal  address  will  be  made  by  Prof. 
John  Uri  Lloyd,  of  Cincinnati,  the  well-known  author  and 
scientist.  George  F.  Canham  will  deliver  the  valedictory. 
President  Edmund  J.  James,  of  the  University  of  Illinois,  will 
confer  the  degrees.  There  are  42  students  in  the  graduating 
class,  including  two  young  women.  On  the  evening  of  Com- 
mencement Day  a  banquet  will  be  given  in  honor  of  the 
graduating  class  by  the  Alumni  Association  of  the  School. 
."Arrangements  for  this  banquet  will  be  made  at  the  annual  meet- 
ing of  the  Alumni  Association,  which  is  to  be  held  this  month. 
An  informal  dance  was  given  by  the  Alumni,  Phi  and  Chi 
Chapters  of  the  Kappa  Psi  Fraternity,  at  Warwick  Hall,  47th 
and  Forrestville  on  Friday  evening,  March  6.  The  annual 
banquet  of  these  three  chapters  of  Kappa  Psi  was  held  at 
the  LaSalle  Hotel   Friday  evening,   March  20. 

At  the  November  meeting  of  the  Illinois  Board  of  Pharmacy 
three  senior  students.  J.  C.  Garrity,  P.  J.  Gouwens  and  Wm. 
Garside  became  licensed  pharmacists.  At  the  January  meeting 
three  more,  Harry  Goldstine,  H.  E.  Johnson  and  R.  W.  Mer- 
schat  qualified  for  the  R.P.  paper.  This  is  a  creditable  show- 
ing for  the  class,  but  resulted  in  the  loss  of  three  students, 
Messrs.  Gouwens,  Goldstine  and  Garside,  who  left  school  to 
engage  in  business. 


Buffalo   College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  second  annual  alumni  dinner  of  the  Rochester  district 
for  the  graduates  of  the  Buffalo  College  of  Pharmacy  living 
in  that  section  of  the  State  of  New  York  was  held  at  the 
Powers  Hotel.  Five  members  of  the  faculty  went  on  from 
Buffalo,  headed  by  Dean  Gregory.  The  others  were  Prof. 
A.  P.  Sy,  and  Instructors  Richard  F.  Morgan,  Charles  H. 
Gauger  and  Ray  M.  Stanley.  Some  important  questions  were 
discussed,  among  others  the  Sunday  closing  of  drug  stores. 
On  this  topic  there  seemed  to  be  a  general  willingness  to  close 
if  other  mercantile  establishments  were  also  prevented  from 
doing  business.  The  total  attendance  was  about  30.  At  the 
conclusion  of  the  meeting  F.  M.  Kline  was  elected  president 
and  George  M.  Gilbert  treasurer,  and  a  committee  to  make 
the  necessary  arrangements  for  next  year's  meeting  and  dinner. 

The  second  annual  bano.uet  of  the  alumni  of  this  college 
was  held  at  the  "Yates"  Hotel,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.  The  city 
itself  furnished  something  less  than  one-half  of  the  attendance, 
the  others  coming  from  surrounding  towns,  some  journeying 
from  as  far  as  Oswego  and  even  Waterlown.  There  were 
present  from  the  faculty  Dr.  Willis  G.  Gregory,  dean  of  the 
college ;  A.  P.  Sy,  professor  of  chemistry,  and  Frank  E.  Lock, 
professor   of   pharmacology.      After   a   fine   spread    the   toast- 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


181 


master,  Herbert  G.  Wright,  introduced  the  toast  list  with  a 
humorous  speech.  The  other  speakers  bandied  each  other  with 
jokes  and  stories  and  a  most  enjoyable  evening  was  spent  by 
all  present.  The  committee  in  charge  of  the  affair  was  Cedric 
P.  Wells,  chairman;  Seymour  H.  Bliss  and  Pascal  Lansing 
Gilson.  There  were  present  as  guests  Warren  L.  Bradt,  sec- 
retary of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  who  spoke  on  "Drug 
Store  Conditions  in  New  York  State,"  and  Wayne  B.  Bissell, 
member  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  who  spoke  on  "The 
Condition  of  Pharmacy  in  Syracuse."  To  secure  a  repetition 
of  this  happy  event  a  permanent  organization  was  effected 
with  Herbert  0.  Wright  as  president  and  Cedric  P.  Wells  as 
treasuj-er. 


Balch,   Dr.  T.   J.  O'Brien,   Edward   Stacy  and   Paul   C.  Klein, 
executive  council. 


College  of  Pharmacy,   Iowa  State   tTniversity. 

Phi  Delta  Chi  has  initiated  0.  E.  Mace,  'IS,  of  Washington; 
E.  W.  Headington,  'IS,  of  Des  Moines,  and  C.  E.  Jacobs,  '14, 
of  Iowa  City. 

F.  W.  Bahnsen,  of  the  firm  of  Hartz  &  Bahnsen,  wholesale 
druggists  of  Rock  Island,  111.,  gave  a  most  instructive  and 
entertaining  talk  to  the  students  of  the  College  recently,  em- 
phasizing the  opportunities  of  the  present  and  the  qualities 
necessary   for  success   in   the  drug  business. 

The  Mortar  and  Pestle  Society  has  elected  the  following 
officers:  President,  Elsie  Campbell,  of  Clinton;  vice-president, 
G.  E.  Mace,  of  Washington;  secretary-treasurer,  Susan  Blake, 
of  Fort  Dodge.  Following  the  election.  Prof.  R.  A.  Kuever 
and  Prof.  Zada  M.  Cooper  gave  a  spread  to  the  members 
present.  At  the  February  meeting  Miss  Maude  Wieland  read 
a  paper  on  "Advertising,"  using  many  advertisements  as  illus- 
trations, among  them  some  furnished  by  Mr.  Harwood,  of  the 
University  publicity  department  and  secretary  of  the  Associated 
Advertising  Clubs  of  Iowa. 

Mr.  Curwen,  of  Gerts,  Lombard  &  Co.,  of  Chicago,  gave 
one  of  the  most  interesting  and  instructive  lectures  ever  given 
at  the  college,  Feb.  14,  on  the  subject  of  brushes,  their  manu- 
facture and  sale.  Mr.  Curwen  illustrated  his  lecture  by  sam- 
ples from  stock.  It  is  generally  conceded  that  Mr.  Curwen  is 
one  of  the  best  posted  and  most  successful  salesmen  of  brushes 
on  the  road  and  advantage  was  taken  of  the  opportunity  by 
many  of  the  druggists  of  Iowa  City  to  hear  him. 


Creighton   College   of  Pharmacy. 

The  senior  class  of  the  Creighton  College  of  Pharmacy  held 
its  annual  banquet  at  the  Hotel  Loyal  with  the  entire  class  of 
60  members  present.  Those  of  the  faculty  in  attendance  and 
who  gave  brief  talks  to  the  graduates  were  I.  C.  Arledge,  dean 
of  the  pharmacy  department;  Rev.  W.  P.  Whelan,  S.J.,  super- 
visor of  the  professional  departments;  Messrs  J.  E.  O'Brien, 
J.  C.  Forbing,  Floyd  Harley,  Floyd  Marshall  and  Dr.  H.  F. 
Gerald.  C.  B.  Fricke,  formerly  a  faculty  member,  now  a 
druggist  in  Council  I'.luffs,  and  Dean  Paul  Martin,  of  the  law 
college. 

Forty-five  diplomas  conferring  the  degree  of  "Graduate  of 
Pharmacy"  were  conferred  by  President  Eugene  A.  Magevney, 
S .  J.,  at  the  annual  commencement  exercises  of  the  senior  class 
of  the  pharmacy  department. 

The  conferring  of  degrees  followed  an  interesting  programme 
by  the  university  orchest'ra,  the  glee  club  double  quartet,  and 
a  piano  solo  by  Frank  W.  Hodek,  pharmacy  student,  and 
pianist  for  the  glee  club. 

Anson  H.  Bigelow,  member  of  the  faculty  of  the  law  de- 
partment, was  the  speaker  of  the  evening.  "Service  to  One's 
Fellowman"  was  the  theme  he  emphasized.  In  the  class  roll 
are  two  women,  Mrs.  E.  L.  Rolph,  of  South  Omaha,  and 
Miss  Genevieve  L.  Hayes,  of  Franklin,  Neb.  Both  were  among 
the  15  honor  students  of  the  class,  who  averaged  90  per  cent, 
or  better  for  their  14  months'  work,  and  were  accordingly  not 
required  to  take  the  final  school  examination. 


St.  Louis  C.   of  P.  Alumni's  Election. 

Jerome  A.  Wilkerson  was  elected  president  of  the  Alumni 
Association  of  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  at  the  recent 
election.  Mr.  Wilkerson  is  vice-president  of  the  J.  A.  Pauley 
drug  store,  14th  and  Madison  streets.  He  is  also  president  of 
the  St.  Louis  branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation and  secretary  of  the  St.  Louis  Drug  Club.  Mr.  Wil- 
kerson is  only  25  years  old. 

Other  alumni  officers  elected  were:  Carl  T.  Buehler,  vice- 
president;  E.  A.  Sennewald,  field  secretary  of  the  R.D.A., 
2d  vice-president ;  Martin  J.  Noll,  recording  secretary ;  A.  S. 
Benz,  corresponding  secretary;  Ben  Griesedieck,  registrar.  The 
board:  W.  C.  Bolm,  William  Tritschler,  Dr.  W.  D.  .Aufder- 
heide,  A.  S.  Ludwig  and  Otto  C.  Hanser.  The  election  and 
the  installation  of  officers  was  held  at  the  College  of  Pharmacy. 

A  banquet  at  Lippe's  followed,  at  which  W.  C.  Bolm  was 
toastmaster. 

Addresses  were  made  by  officers,  retiring  and  new,  and  by 
W.  D.  Delkeskamp,  president  of  the  St.  Louis  Drug  Club; 
H.  O.  A.  Huegel,  member  of  the  committee  on  the  Golden 
Jubilee  of  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy,  and  Dr.  Henry 
M.    Whelpley. 

This  is  to  be  an  exceptionally  important  year  for  the  alumni. 
The  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  will  celebrate  its  50th  an- 
niversary with  an  elaborate  programme  next  November,  when 
men  prominent  in  pharmacy  from  all  sections  of  the  country 
are  expected  to  visit  St.  Louis. 


Massachusetts   College   Alumni    Banquet. 

The  4Sth  annual  meeting  and  dinner  of  the  Alumni  Asso- 
ciation of  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy  was  held 
at  the  American  House,  Boston,  with  an  attendance  of  60 
members.  President  William  H.  Acheson  presided.  Officers 
for  the  ensuing  year  were  elected  as  follows :  Prof.  Elie  H. 
LaPierre,  president;  R.  Albro  Newton,  1st  vice-president;  G. 
W.  Russell,  2d  vice-president;  T.  J.  Connors,  3d  vice-presi- 
dent; Leon  A.  Thompson,  secretary;  John  Glancy,  treasurer; 
Howard    A.    Sm.ith,    auditor;    Dr.    Frank    Piper,    Dr.    Alfred 


Brooklyn   Drug  Clerks  Prefer  pharmacy  Act. 

At  a  joint  meeting  of  the  Alumni  Association  and  the 
student  body  of  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy,  held  at  the 
college  building,  the  following  resolutions  were  adopted,  drug 
clerks  and  students  only,  voting: 

Resolved,  That  the  drug  clerks  be  exempt  from  all  labor  laws 
and  that  the  Pharmacy  Act  alone  shall  govern  the  working 
hours  of  employees  in  a  pharmacy. 

Resolved,  That  we  petition  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceu- 
tical Association  to  secure  the  amendment  of  the  Pharmacy 
Act  as  follows: 

A  drug  clerk  shall  have  at  least  every  alternate  Sunday  off, 
all  day,  and  from  noon  on  one   ( 1 )   week  day  in  each  week. 

Those  present  at  the  meeting  summed  up  their  position  to 
the  effect  that  they  wished  to  come  under  the  provisions  of 
the  Pharmacy  Act  and  not  under  those  of  the  Labor  law. 


University    of    Minnesota    School    of   Pharmacy. 

The  new  school  of  pharmacy  building  at  the  University  of 
Minnesota  was  dedicated  by  President  George  E.  Vincent. 
More  than  200  members  of  the  Minnesota  State  Pharmaceutical 
Association,  faculty  members  and  students  attended  the  ex- 
ercises. .Addresses  were  made  by  Dr.  Fred  J.  Wulling,  dean 
of  the  college  of  pharmacy;  Prof.  J.  P.  Remington,  of  Phila- 
delphia, and  Arthur  Donrohr,  of  Winona.  The  new  building 
is  four  stories  in  height  and  cost  $125,000. 


Philadelphia  C.  of  P. 
E.  H.  Cone,  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  delivered  a  talk  on  "Modem 
Pharmacy  and  How  to  Make  It  a  Financial  Success"  to  the 
Senior  Class  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  recently. 
Mr.  Cone  defined  advertising  as  being  salesmanship  on  paper. 
He  divided  retail  drug-store  advertising  into  three  kinds. 
These  are:  Outdoor,  including  billboards  and  street  cars; 
direct,  including  hand-bills,  circular  letters,  etc. ;  and  news- 
papers. For  outdoor  advertising  the  retail  druggist's  store- 
front is  the  best  and  cheapest.  He  advocated  the  use  of  catchy 
slogans  and  such  things  as  will  give  the  store  an  individuality. 
As  an  example  of  the  latter  he  mentioned  that  he  used  a 
purple  wrapping  papc.'  for  his  store,  but  that  in  a  short  time 
other  merchants  used  the  same  paper.  To  this  he  put  an 
instant  stop  by  advertising  that  '  The  Purple  Package  Comes 
from  Cone's."  When  a  merchant  wishes  to  get  new  business 
he  should  at  first  try  to  get  that  which  is  easiest,  and  this  is 
always  that  business  which  passes  a  merchant's  front  door. 
Mr.  Cone  emphasized  the  fact  that  unless  you  give  service 
advertising  is  a  needless  waste  of  money.  He  claimed  that 
the  secret  in  holding  a  customer's  trade  was  to  give  every  one 
individual  attention  so  far  as  practical  and,  above  all,  acknowl- 


182 


THE    PHARiL\CEUTlCAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


edge  every  customer  when  he  or  she  steps  up  to  the  counter. 
Mr.  Cone  displayed  a  number  of  very  catchy  placards  and 
also  some  lantern  slides  which  he  used  with  success  in  local 
moving-pictures  shows.  His  best-paying  advertisement  has 
been  a  neat  booklet  which  he  changes  monthly  and  mails  to 
ever}-  charge  customer,  assuring  himself  in  every  case  that  it 
is  mailed  to  his  customer's  home  and  not  the  office,  where  it 
would  undoubtedly  find  its  way  to  the  waste  basket. 

The  ninth  special  lecture  was  delivered  at  the  college  March 
9  by  Dr  John  F.  Anderson,  director  of  the  Hygienic  Labora- 
torv!  United  Stales  Public  Health  Ser^•ice,  on  "The  U.S. 
Public  Health  Senicc  and  What  It  Is  Domg  for  the  Public 
Health."  He  said  that  the  service  was  a  part  of  the  Treasury 
Department;  its  origin  being  in  the  Marine  Hospital  Senice 
It  has  gone  through  successive  stages  of  advancement  and 
development  until  now  it  :s  composed  of  seven  divisions,  each 
in  charge  of  an  assistant  Surgeon-General.  The  Service  has  a 
personnel  of  2000  men;  of  these  450  are  physicians  and  50 
are  pharmacists.  The  Service  concerns  the  pharmacist,  par- 
ticularly, by  reason  of  the  work  it  does  in  the  standardization 
of  biologic  products  and  its  co-operation  with  the  U.S. P.  and 
N  F  Re«sion  Committees.  The  -gen,ice  maintains  a  number 
of  hospitals  throughout  the  United  States  and  Insular  posses- 
sions. These  hospitals  Uke  care  of  newly  arrived  immigrants, 
although  certain  ones  conduct  investigations  as  to  the  cause^ 
cure  and  control  of  diseases,  such  as  trachoma,  leprosy,  typhoid 
and  yellow  fever,  pellagra,  malaria,  small-pox  and  bubonic 
plague. 

.\n  interesting  talk  on  "Drug  Store  Advertising"  was  given 
at  the  coUege  bv  M.  P.  Gould,  of  New  York  City,  who  said 
that  the  hardest  problem  for  a  business  man  was  to  know 
when  not  to  advertise.  It  is  a  waste  of  money  to  advertise 
when  business  is  dull.  The  right  time  to  advertise  is  when 
business  is  naturally  increasing,  tljen  continumg  when  busme^ 
drops  off  instead  of  treating  advertising  as  a  luxury  and 
eliminating  it.  Advertising  is  a  method  of  sellmg,  a  trade 
accelerator  and  aUo  the  cheapest  form  of  salesmanship,  in 
selecting  a  store  good  judgment  is  necessary,  so  that  it  will  be 
a  store  capable  of  being  advertised.  A  good  drug  store  requires 
four  things:  (1)  Proper  location  of  store;  (2)  right  kmd  of 
store  to  fit  location;  (3)  right  stock  for  the  trade;  (4)  good 
clerks  The  least  of  a  drug  clerk's  duties  should  be  the 
actual  handling  of  merchandise  and  the  most  of  the  duties 
should  be  the  understanding  of  human  nature.  This  is  some- 
thing which  must  be  learned  by  instinct  and  cannot  be  obtamed 
from  books.  Before  advertising  any  business,  that  busmess 
should  have  done  something  worth  while  talkmg  about.  After 
these  remarks  Mr.  Gould  offered  to  answer  any  questions 
relating    to    the    subject    and    several    interestmg    discussions 

The  "Pennsylvania  Dutch"  Club,  composed  of  P.C. P.  stu- 
dents, had  their  first  annual  banquet  March  9  The  offic^ 
of  the  club  are:  "Johann"  Hoffman,  president;  "Hemie  Heck- 
enberger,  vice-president;  "Karl"  Kutteroff  treasurer  and 
"\-iUie"  Rupp,  secretary.  The  affair  was  conducted  m  Penn- 
sylvania Dutch"  style.  Thirty  members  attended.  After  all 
had  filled  themselves  to  their  capacity  the  evenmg  was  spent 
in  making  speeches  and  telling  stories  in  their  favorite  tongue, 
"Pennsylvania  Dutch." 

College  of  Pharmacy,  TJniversity  of  New  Jersey. 

The  third  of  the  special  lectures  on  -Prescriptions  30O0 
Years  Old"  delivered  at  the  College  of  Pharmacy  of  the 
University  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey  in  J«-sey  City  was  of 
unusual  Lterest.  It  was  delivered  by  Dr.  Fel^x  ^  on  Oefele, 
of  Xew  York  City,  who  is  a  recognized  authority  on  medicme 
and"  pharmacy  of  old  Eg>-pt,  Babylonia  and  Assyria.  Dr 
Oefele  had  received  two  stone  Ublets  from  \ale  LniverMty 
containing  cuniform  inscriptions  which  are  probably  some  of 
the  oldest  prescriptions  in  the  world.  In  his  lecture,  the  speaker 
gave  an  outline  of  medicine  and  pharmacy  m  Egypt,  and 
Specially  in  Babylonia,  which  was  the  seat  of  culture  and 
science  in  that  early  period.  Dr.  Oefele  has  made  the  stud> 
^f  cuniform  script  as  well  as  that  of  hierati^  ^1>'';°^lP';! 
a  specialty  and  showed  a  number  of  records  dating  back  to 
1500  B  C  The  lecture  was  well  received  by  members  of  the 
facu'lv  and  by  the  post-graduate  and  senior  classes  and  by 
ph^actsts  and  physicians  as  well  as  the  Pufc  of  Jersey 
Citv  Dr  Von  Oefele  was  given  a  vote  of  thanks  for  his 
lectlire  which  he  promised  to  continue  in  the  near  future. 


The  Largest  Drug  Store  in  Iowa. 
The  largest  drug  store  in  Iowa  is  probably  the  most  undis- 
covered drug  store  in  Iowa.  It  is  located  in  the  University 
of  Iowa  hospital  at  Iowa  City,  and  serves  not  only  the  patients 
in  the  hospital  and  the  out-clinics,  but  it  also  serves  as  a 
practical  training  ground  for  the  seniors  in  the  university's 
College  of  Pharmacy.  During  the  year  just  ended  more  than 
45,000  drug  orders  were  filled  by  these  seniors  under  the 
direction  of  Prof.  R.  A.  Kuever.  This  dispensary  was  installed 
a  year  ago  and  has  been  so  successful  that  it  will  be  increased 
in  size  this  Spring.  On  an  average,  over  125  drug  orders  are 
filled  each  day  including  Sundays.  Of  the  antiseptic  prepara- 
tions, 100  barrels  of  mercuric  chloride — a  total  of  5000  gallons 
— were  used,  enough  to  supply  100  of  the  ordinary  drug  stores 
in  Iowa  for  one  year.  More  than  SOO  gallons  of  hydrogen 
peroxide  were  also  used.  Among  the  great  hospitals  in  the 
United  States  there  are  few  which  have  the  dispensary  facili- 
ties now  in  operation  at  the  university  hospital.  Probably 
none  excel  in  such  facilities.  The  dispensary  is  a  means  of 
saving  the  State  of  Iowa  from  25  to  50  per  cent,  on  all 
materials  used.  Incidentally,  it  is  a  means  of  training  thor- 
oughly the  senior  pharmacists  in  practical  work. 


Valparaiso  XTniverslty,  Department  of  Pharmacy. 

The  Pharmaceutical  .Association  has  elected  the  following 
officers:  Geo.  Hugi,  president;  H.  L.  Mayo,  vice-president; 
Max  Meyer,  secretary;  D.  D.  Hite,  treasurer. 

Following  the  election  of  officers  J.  M.  Barrett,  of  the  N..\. 
R.D.,  gave  a  verj'  interesting  talk  on  "Co-operation  and  Legis- 
lation," pointing  out  the  many  instances  where  co-operation 
of  the  druggists  gave  him  very  large  returns,  and  by  working 
together  the  druggist  could  have  the  laws  of  his  State,  in 
regard  to  drugs,  drug  selling,  etc.,  made  to  suit  himself;  and 
if  he  did  not  work  in  harmony  with  the  other  brother  drug- 
gists he  could  gain  nothing.  He  related  the  number  of  laws 
the  Indiana  legislative  committee  got  through  the  druggists 
and  the  number  they  had  fought  and  defeated;  for  instance, 
the  law  of  a  doctor  practicing  10  years  in  the  State  of  Indiana 
would  be  registered  a  druggist  on  application  to  the  board 
of  examiners  without  examination.  The  bill  was  defeated 
through  the  good  work  of  the  Indiana  legislative  committee, 
of  which  J.  M.  Barrett  is  chairman. 


TJniversity  of  Maryland. 
The  Department  of  Pharmacy,  University  of  Maryland,  at 
Baltimore,  has  decided  to  put  a  baseball  team  into  the  field 
this  Spring,  the  officers  elected  being  as  follows:  President, 
Sterling;  vice-president,  H.  C.  Brooks;  secretary,  B.  Kellogg; 
captain,  H.  C.  Brooks,  and  manager,  J.  F.  McCIeary.  The 
players  who  desire  to  trj-  out  for  the  nine  included  Brooks,  of 
last  year's  university  team;  J.  Morgan,  of  Columbus,  S.  C. ; 
Kellogg,  of  the  Cumberland  Athletic  Club;  F.  Lee,  of  the 
Danville  High  School;  Jacobs,  of  the  Chase  Athletic  Club; 
Carroll,  of  Loyola;  Brickman,  of  Ruxton;  S.  Rodnas,  of  the 
Cuban  High  School;  Musgrove,  of  the  Young  Men's  .\thletic 
.Association ;  .Auston,  of  the  Polytechnic  Institute  of  Baltimore ; 
O.  Benner,  J.  McClear>',  S.  Demarco,  Patterson,  .A.  Wordan, 
Wolfe,  B.   Parlett  and  Roderic. 


Closing  of  Drug  Store  P .  O.  Sub-Stations  Opposed, 
The  Clerks  in  Charge  Association,  said  to  represent  150 
retail  druggists  in  whose  stores  are  the  numbered  sub-stations 
of  the  local  post-office,  has  protested  to  Acting  Postmaster 
Woods  and  Representative  Calder  against  the  proposition  that 
the  numbered  stations  be  closed  and  that  16  carrier  stations  be 
established  in  place  of  the  former.  The  association  has  also 
applied  for  a  minimum  yearly  wage  of  S800  for  each  clerk. 
The  services  of  an  assistant  at  $500  per  year  in  a  few  of  the 
busiest  stores  where  mail  is  handled  is  another  contention. 
This  appeal  is  based  upon  the  work  the  clerks  have  done 
gratis  in  the  parcel  post  department. 


Southern  College  of  Pharmacy. 
Thirty-three  students  of  the  Southern  College  of  Pharmacy 
received  diplomas  at  the  commencement  exercises  of  the  college 
at  the  Atlanta  Theater  recently.  Dr.  Dunbar  H.  Ogden,  pastor 
of  the  Central  Presbyterian  Church,  delivered  the  commence- 
ment address.  Thomas  H.  Jeffries,  chairman  of  the  board  of 
trustees,  conferred  the  diplomas. 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


183 


Board  Examinations 


Kansas. 

ELLSWORTH,  March  20.— The  fourth  quarterly  meeting  of  the 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy  was  held  in  Wichita,  Feb.  11  and  12, 
at  which  time  there  were  47  applicants  in  attendance  for  the  exa- 
minations. Of  this  number  25  were  successful  and  received  certifi- 
cates  as   follows; 

Pharmacists— H.  J.  Woodford,  Topeka;  Arthur  P.  Davis,  Green- 
burg;  Lawrence  M.  Wimmer,  Liberal;  Karl  R.  Ziegelasch,  Salina; 
L.  B.  Smythe,  Holton;  Lance  C.  Hill,  Lawrence;  G.  Allan  Hib- 
bard.  Medicine  Lodge;  Errett  E.  Phillips,  Marion;  Elsie  Loyd, 
Ft.  Scott;  Clifford  Brockhoff.  Hiawatha;  Stanly  Meyers,  Con- 
cordia; Glen  Reck,  Norton;  Phil  Sherwood,  Sabetha;  Robert  E. 
Sydenstricker,  Dodge  City;  C.  A.  Redmond,  Topeka;  W.  T.  Garvie, 
Topeka;  Vernon  V.  Vliet,  Wichita;  Fred  Darville,  Hiawatha; 
Frank  Pedroja,  Lincoln;  Dale  Mayswinkle,  Kansas  City;  E.  R. 
Whitney,  Kansas  City;  Oscar  Geyer,  Herington;  Robert  Noll, 
Atchison;  Carl  C.  Lappin,  Mulvane.  Assistant — Donald  Fulton, 
Abilene. 

The  next  quarterly  meeting  of  the  board  will  be  held  in  Hutchin- 
son, May  14  and  15. 


Louisiana. 

NEW  ORLEANS,  March  20.— Seventeen  students  of  pharmacy  at 
Tulane  qualified  as  registered  pharmacists  at  a  recent  examination 
held  before  the  examination  committee  of  the  Louisiana  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy.  They  follow:  Clifton  P.  Besse,  Emile  Jos. 
Burvant,  Louis  P.  Bucksell,  J.  Maurice  Broussard,  Frank  M. 
Callaghan,  Louis  B.  Gaines,  L.  M-  Hanemann,  Oliver  J.  Hebert, 
A.  B.  McArthur,  John  B.  Michon,  Frank  J.  Nuccio,  Paul  J.  Poche, 
Geo.  P.  Richards,  M.  W.  Stewart,  Louis  A.  Storkton,  Herman 
Sprecht  and  E.  Barton  White.  Qualified  assistants— C.  R.  Breaux 
and  Wm.  Henry  Grebe. 


Massachusetts. 

BOSTON,  March  20. — The  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy  has 
issued   certificates   of   registration   to  the   following; 
Charles    L.    Byron,    Lynn;    William    D.    Kelley,    Cambridge;    John 

E.  Mesquita,  Taunton;  John  F.  O'Brien,  Maiden;  Harold  F. 
Clough,  Framingham;  Carl  Albert  Dahlen,  Boston;  Thomas  Willard 
Burke,  Quincy;  George  C.  Fairbairn,  Somerville;  Nicholas  E.  Dyer, 
Boston;    Edward   G.    Nagle,   Brookline;    Ross   B.    Perry,    Dorchester. 

Assistant    certificates    have    been   granted    to    the    following; 

Joseph  A.  Bedard,  New  Bedford;  Manuel  J.  Bettencourt,  New 
Bedford;  Charles  H.  Burnham,  Wakefield;  David  Gorman,  Worces- 
ter; Frederick  J.  Hogan,  South  Boston;  Humphrey  V.  Minahan, 
Lawrence;  William  H.  Quinlan,  Taunton;  George  A.  Riley,  Row- 
ley; Wiliam  J.  Feeley,  New  Bedford;  Oscar  C.  Ayotte,  Leominster; 
Irving  H.  Coffin,  Edgartown;  Edwin  R.  Greene,  Attleboro;  Francis 
J.   McGuigan,  No.   Cambridge;  John   Reinhardt,   Concord;   Valentine 

F.  Tristran,  Lowell;  Joseph  A.  Garry,  Haverhill;  Henry  C.  Blue, 
Boston;  Paul  Coen,  Lynn;  Harold  A.  Killelea,  Leominster;  George 
L.  LaMontagne,  New  Bedford;  Thomas  J.  Loughlin,  So.  Boston; 
Frank  A.  Mahoney,  New  Bedford;  Frank  L.  Manning,  Fall  River; 
Frank  C.  Moulton,  Salem;  Leo  J.  Podolsky,  Roxbury;  James  A. 
Sweeney,  Melrose;  Robert  A.  Broughton,  Springfield;  Richard  W. 
Daniels,  Waltham;  Max  L.  Dokton,  Cambridge;  John  Firth,  Jr., 
Springfield;  Herbert  B.  Howard,  Southboro;  Joseph  Rosen,  New 
Bedford;    Walter    E.    Young,    Natick. 


New    York. 

ALBANY,  March  20.— At  the  January  examinations  of  the  New 
York  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  the  following  candidates  were 
successful ; 

Pharmacists— Orval  W.  Lee,  Stanley  Hlavac,  Harry  Josephsberg, 
Louis  Rothenberg,  Harold  L.  Benton,  Harry  Flaxman,  Elmer  H. 
Hessler,  Maurice  Parelhoflf,  Arthur  Sachs,  Theodore  M.  Silverman, 
S.  R.  Merrill  Bensen,  William  Dembling,  William  X.  Gebelo, 
Benjamin  Ginsburg,  Maximilian  Nemser,  Alfred  G.  Stadelmann, 
Samuel  Katz,  Jacob  Moskowitz.  Thomas  J.  Travers.  Jacob  M. 
Bloch,  Jacob  Davick,  Matthew  Blair,  Jacob  Joffe,  Samuel  Cohn, 
William  F.  Miller,  Charles  L.  Gesell,  James  Feld,  Nathan  Leibel, 
William  J.  Rabinowitz,  James  A.  Sussman,  all  of  New  York; 
Logan  K.  Palmatier,  William  M.  Lithgow,  Samuel  Aker,  Ignatius 
M.  Rudminas,  Ralph  F.  Spaulding,  Archie  W.  Hyde,  all  of  Albany; 
Ephraim  E.  Lisitzky,  Irving  C.  Beischer,  Roland  J.  Pettit,  Michael 
Strozzi,  Henrv  McHarg  Clarke,  Paul  W.  Jones,  Russell  K.  Chris- 
man,  Jacob  Welnsten,  Paul  J.  Swider,  Lawrence  F.  Prouty, 
Albert   R.    Noy,   Jr.,   all   of   Buffalo.  . 

Druggists— Thomas  E.  Kinane,  Edward  A.  Gurry,  George  Chicken, 
Donato  Lamonaca,  David  L.  Stewart,  Martin  C.  Kerwin,  Frank  A. 
Lo'aw,  Ettore  De  Fulgentiis,  all  of  New  York;  Jacob  Bernstein, 
Mary  R.  Hughey,  Bessie  May  Judd,  John  D.  Hakes.  Wnllace  Ray 
Austin,  Carl  E.  Bastian,  Chester  J.  Borst,  Neil  E.  Morgan,  Jesse 
H.  Dildine,  Clare  T.  Getman,  Lynn  E.  Akins,  Claude  T.  Spaulding, 
Harry  A  TuUer,  Fred  D.  Delbridge,  Fred  R.  Voorhes,  Granville 
C.  Scrcxton,  Frank  W.  Tyler,  Darwin  D.  Morey,  Leo  J.  Kaminsky, 
Ellis  E.  Burdick,  Joseph  Algase,  Henry  W.  Shoemaker,  Lester  E. 
Do-igerty,  Hugh  Judd,  all  of  Buffalo;  Stanley  J.  Fisher,  John  G. 
Van  Nortwick,  Raymond  M.  Ostrander,  William  D.  Hyde,  Herbert 
S  Underwood,  Harold  J.  Smith,  Roland  R.  Fuhrer,  Ubert  F. 
Brower  Herbert  E.  Raynolds,  Francis  B.  O'Neil,  Francis  Le  Roy 
Ostrom,  Edwin  J.  Payne,  Roy  Abernethy,  Emanuel  Brunt,  Augustus 
T  McKinstry,  Robert  R.  Ireland,  Charles  H.  Koon,  Paul  A. 
Gallup,    H.    Curtis   Grupe,    David    B.    Ashton,    all    of  Albany. 

The  number  of  penalties  paid  the  board  during  the  month  of 
February,  1914,   also  the  character  of  the  violations,  are  as  follows: 


Adulterated  and  deficient  prescriptions 7 

Adulterated    and    deficient    pharmacopoeial    products 13 

Junior  violations   4 

Label   violations    1 

Methyl  alcohol   present 1 

Sale    of   proscribed    drugs 2 

Total    28  cases 


Oklahoma. 

OKLAHOMA  CITY,  March  20.— At  the  regular  meeting  of  the 
"'''ahoma  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  at  the  Chamber  of  Commerce 
in  Oklahoma  City,  for  the  examination  of  candidates  for  certifi- 
cates as  registered  pharmacists,  those  making  the  required  grade 
and  securing  certificates  were; 

J.  B.  Boyett,  Stuart;  Wm.  L.  Barber,  Carlsbad.  N.  M. ;  J  L. 
Cherry,  Tyrone;  Nova  B.  Carroll,  Cambridge,  Neb.;  Owen  R 
Dyar,  Wray,  Colo.;  John  W.  Flynn,  Frederick;  Geo.  A.  Hibbard, 
Medicine  Lodge,  Kan.;  G.  Truman  Ingalsbe,  Onaga,  Kan.;  Geo. 
\V.  Jehhk,  Wichita,  Kan.;  Miss  Anna  A.  Kempin,  Corning,  Kan.; 
Wm.  E.  Montgomery,  Norman;  John  T.  Poe,  Wilburton;  E  E 
Phillips,  Blackwell;  Lewis  E.  Roderick,  Kingfisher;  Chas.  A. 
J>.y°'v  Okemah;  John  E.  Sturdivant,  Arnett;  Vernon  V.  Vliet, 
Wichita,  Kan.;  Ray  C.  Woodson,  Douglas,  Kan.;  Mrs.  Nora  M 
Walker,  Murray;  John  W.  Wright,  Collinsville;  Thomas  L.  Wax- 
ford,   Higbee,   Mo. 


Texas. 

SAN  ANTONIO,  March  20.-At  a  meeting  of  the  Texas  Board  of 
Pharmacy  held  in  San  Antonio,  there  were  47  applicants  in  wait- 
ing to  take  the  examination.  The  following  were  successful,  and 
certificates    were    ordered    issued   to    them; 

Leon  C.  Maner,  Sweetwater;  Valeriano  Palomo,  Laredo;  Willie 
P.  Woody,  Galveston;  L.  R.  Stachowiak,  Galveston;  W.  Ira  Jones 
Galveston;  E.  S.  Kuykendall,  Llano;  Chester  C.  Currie.  Galveston; 
Thomas  C.  Boucher,  Galveston;  J.  M.  Fletcher,  Jr.,  Dallas-  J  A 
Mclnnis,  Llano;  John  R.  Oates,  Baskell;  Jose  L.  Calderonil 
Brownsville;  S.  A.  Hoerster,  Galveston;  Harry  Deathe,  Dallas; 
B.  B..  Lewis,  San  Antonio;  W.  E.  Dickinson,  Fort  Sam  Houston' 
R.  E.  Finley,  Blackwell;  A.  W.  Loeffler,  Galveston;  Henry  M 
Ryan,  San  Antonio;  Henry  M.  Barkley,  Galveston;  Alonzo  G. 
Hervey,   Galveston;   J.    L.   Grant,    Floresville. 

Houston  was  selected  as  the  next  meeting-place,  and  the  date 
was  set  as   May   19. 


Vermont. 

ST.  ALBANS,  March  20.— Recent  applications  for  registration  as 
pharmacists  who  have  been  granted  certificates  were;  Registered 
pharmacist,  F.  E.  Libbey,  Rutland;  Warden  E.  Lampman,  Hyde 
Park,  Mass.;  assistant  pharmacist,  Edgar  T.  Holden,  Proctor; 
Geraldi  P.  Hudson,  Quechee;  Arthur  St.  Pierre,  North  Cambridge, 
Mass. 


NEWS    FROM    THE    BOARDS. 


The  new  Alaska  Pharmacy  law,  which  was  approved  April  26, 
1913,  is  similar  in  many  of  its  provisions  to  the  pharmacy  laws  of 
California,  Oregon  and  Washington.  The  Governor  appoints  the 
members  of  the  Alaska  Territorial  Board 
of  Pharmacy,  two  for  each  of  the  four 
judicial  divisions,  for  one,  two,  three  and 
'four  years.  The  law  makes  it  unlawful 
'.to  compound  or  dispense  drugs,  medicines 
or  poisons,  or  to  conduct  a  pharmacy  or 
a  drug  store,  wholesale  or  retail,  unless- 
the  person  in  charge  shall  have  been  regis- 
tered by  the  Alaska  Territorial  Board  of 
Pharmacy.  In  order  to  become  a  regis- 
tered pharmacist  in  Alaska  a  person  must 
be  either  a  graduate  or  a  licentiate  in 
pharmacy  or  able  to  pass  a  satisfactory 
examination  before  the  Territorial  board. 
Examinations  are  held,  at  least,  semi- 
annually. The  board  is  disinclined  to 
recognize  any  certificates  from  State  boards 
or  diplomas  from  colleges  of  pharmacy 
without  examination  until  it  shall  be  in 
a  position  to  reciprocate  with  the  other 
State  boards.  The  present  board  of  phar- 
macy is  made  up  of  the  following;  1st 
division,  Wm.  E.  Britt,  Juneau;  Floyd  E. 
Ryus,  Ketchikan;  2d  division,  W.  B.  Kirk,  Nome;  William  Ram- 
sey, Council;  3d  division,  Wm.  H.  Caswell,  Valdez;  E.  V.  Boyle, 
Cordova;  4th  division,  F.  M.  Dunham,  Fairbanks;  R.  T.  Kubon, 
Fairbanks.  The  officers  of  the  board  are:  President,  William 
Britt,  Juneau;  vice-president,  William  H.  Caswell,  Valdez;  Floyd 
£.    Ryus,    secretary   and   treasurer. 

The  Indiana  State  Board  of  Registration  and  Examination  in 
Pharmacy  has  begun  an  extensive  investigation  in  all  parts  of  the 
State  of  reported  illegal  sales  of  habit-forming  drugs  and  of 
intoxicating  liquors.  The  Indianapolis  police  department  also  has 
begun  a  searching  investigation  of  alleged  illegal  sales  of  habit- 
forming  drugs  in  that  city.  Under  the  system  of  monthly  reports 
from  wholesalers,  jobbers  and  manufacturers,  the  State  board  can 
easily   trace   the  sales   of  morphine,  cocaine,   etc. 

That  10  of  the  30  successful  candidates  for  licenses  as  registered 
pharmacists  made  up  a  "jack  pot"  of  $300,  and  bought  copies  of 
the  examination  questions  given  by  the  Iowa  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy  in  its  regular  test  on  Jan.  21,  were  the  charges  which 
aroused  the  Iowa  State  Attorney  and  which  led  to  several  arrests. 
The  leak  was  traced  directly  to  the  linotype  operator  in  the 
State   printing  office   where   the   questions   were   handled,   and   later 


W.    E.    BRITT 


184 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    KKA 


[April,  1914 


the  applicants  owned  up  to  having  bought  the  questions  through 
a  middleman  at  a  cost  ranging  from  $10  to  ?35  each.  One  of  the 
•"middle  men,"  a  clerk  in  a  Dcs  Moines  drug  store,  was  tincd  $50; 
the  prime  mover  in  the  fraud  was  fined  iJlJS,  while  the  linotype 
operator— who  only  collected  $12.50  for  his  share  of  the  spoils- 
was    mulcted  $50. 

Surpassing  every  record  made  for  12  years— and  perhaps  for  a 
longer  period— Sister  Ernesta  Minder,  one  of  the  pharmaceutical 
statf  of  St.  John's  Hospital.  Springfield,  111.,  finished  the  examina- 
tions for  tne  grade  of  assistant  pharmacist  at  the  February 
session  of  the  Illinois  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  with  the  remark- 
able scoring  of  560  points  out  of  a  possible  600.  These  points,  as 
given  out  by  Secretary  Fred  C.  Dodds.  of  the  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  were  distributed  as  follows:  Pharmaceutical  and  chemi- 
cal problems,  90;  chemistry.  KKl;  pharmacy,  97;  materia  niedica, 
9S;   dispensing.   90;   oral,    S5;    average,   93    1/3. 

But  20  of  oS  test  prescriptions,  distributed  among  New  Orleajjs 
druggists,  by  the  Louisiana  State  Board  of  Health,  were  made 
accurately,  according  to  the  report  of  the  State  Analyst  and  his 
assistant  to  the  Slate  board.  The  prescription  called  for  2  gr 
boric  acid  and  2  ounces  of  distilled  water.  The  prices  obtained 
for  this  prescription  varied  from  5  to  50  cents,  with  the  higher 
prices  predominating.  The  druggists  failing  to  till  the  prescription 
properly  were  called  upon  for  an  explanation,  and  the  result  was 
surprising,  as  the  majority  blamed  their  scales.  One  very  frank 
individual  admitted  that  he  had  no  weight  smaller  than  4  grains 
in  his  place  of  business.  .    •   ., 

The  Kentucky  Board  of  Pharmacy,  in  its  annual  report  just 
issued,  charges  that  violations  of  the  law  regulating  the  sale 
of  cocaine  in  that  city,  make  it  impossible  to  suppress  the  vice 
in  Louisville.  The  board  says:  "It  is  a  source  of  the  deepest 
regret  that  violations  of  the  law  continue  without  abatement  in 
the  territory  just  across  the  Ohio  river  from  Louisville,  ana 
while  this  condition  exists  it  is  obviously  impossible  to  success- 
fully suppress  the  use  of  the  drug  in  Louisville.  Ihat  the  state 
of  Indiana  will  persistently  permit  this  condition  to  exist  in 
the  face  of  the  most  positive  evidence  of  these  violations  is 
exceedingly  discouraging.  Cocaine  is  still  b^emg  sold  n  New 
Albany,  evidence  again  having  been  obtained.  J  »=  ,  "'^'^,  V"'= 
tur:,ed  over  to  the  Indiana  board,  but  no  action  has  been  taken 
Energetic  disclaimers  have  been  made  by  Indiana  authorities  since 
the  publication  of  this   report.  .      .    _  t,       j      c  r>i,,.. 

Secretary  W.  W.  Ellis,  of  the  Mississippi  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy, has  given  official  notice  that  the  next  examination  held  by 
the   State   Board  of  Pharmacy   will   be  at  Jackson,  April   17. 

David  E.  Hadden,  chairman  of  the  Iowa  State  Pharmacy  Com- 
mission, has  announced  that  the  board  is  about  to  wage  a  legal 
war  against  dealers  who  offer  for  sale  toilet  preparations  which 
contaiS  alcohol.  An  investigation  of  the  ^f^ .  of  d™8^.  ''y  Y'i 
has  been  going  on  for  months  with  the  result  that  the  board  has 
secured  a  great  deal  of  evidence,  and  it  is  stated  that  a  number 
of  firms  which  do  a  large  mail  order  business  in  that  State  will  be 

prosecu  ^.j:j^g^^^jjj^^  ^j  Guntersville,  and  W.  E.  Bingham,  of  Tus- 
caloosa, both  members  of  the  Alabama  State  Board  of  Pharmacy, 
are  stirring  up  the  Birmingham  officials  to  put  an  end  to  the 
illegal  drug  traffic  in  that  city.  Mr.  Bingham  stated  after  a 
conference  with  the  police  department:  "Birmingham  is  a  great 
center  of  the  traffic.  We  heard  evidence  of  one  negro  woman 
who  has  bought  about  $10  worth  of  the  drugs  each  day  and  peddled 
them  out.  Birmingham  supplies  most  of  the  drugs  for  the  State 
and  for  a  large  part  of  the  territory  between  here  and  New 
Orleans  There  is  some  evidence  to  indicate  that  there  are  several 
illegal  doctors  in  Birmingham  who  are  writing  prescriptions  for 
druls  for  those  who  should  not  have  it.  There  is  a  law  whereby 
a  doctor  can  write  a  prescription  for  a  drug  for  a  habitual  user, 
but  this  is  very  much  abused.  The  campaign  which  has  been 
started  is  bearing  results,  and  with  the  co-operation  of  the 
various  officials,  we  believe  that  the  traffic  can  be  stopped  to  a 
large    extent." 

Gathered  in  Philadelphia. 


A  GREAT  many  changes  have  taken  place  in  the  numerous 
branches  of  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.,  of  Philadelphia.  Vice- 
President  Mulford,  in  speaking  of  the  aspect  for  1914, 
says:  "This  is  going  to  be  the  greatest  year  in  the  career  of 
our  company.  This  can  be  verified  by  simply  looking  over  the 
daily  sales  reports  of  the  branch  houses,  which  show  very  few 
days  in  the  past  months  of  the  present  year  that  have  fallen 
below  the  corresponding  day  in  1913."  Among  the  changes  are 
the  following:  L.  C.  Nichols,  formerly  with  J.  Wyeth  &  Bros, 
of  Cleveland,  is  Detroit  representative.  H.  L.  Chapman, 
formerly  in  charge  of  the  Denver  branch,  has  been  transferred 
to  Cleveland,  and  the  office  in  Denver  has  been  filled  by  Frank 
Griebling.  H.  H.  Whyte,  sales  manager  of  the  company,  is 
now  on  an  extended  tour  of  the  Middle  West  and  Pacific 
Coast.  Secretary  E.  V.  Pechin  has  just  returned  from  a 
month's  trip  through  the  South.  C.  Knox,  formerly  in  charge 
of  the  Centra!  .-American  trade,  has  been  made  general  manager 
of  the  Spanish  Export  department  with  headquarters  in  Phila- 
delphia. F.  L.  Maguson,  for  several  months  the  Western 
New  York  representative,  has  been  transferred  to  the  West 
■Virginia  territory  with  headquarters  at  Wheeling.  H.  A.  Smith, 
of  the  Spanish-American  sales  force,  has  been  assigned  Penn- 
sylvania territory  with  offices  in  Pittsburgh.     Dr.  C.  F,  Kirken- 


dall,  for  several  years  the  local  representative  in  Cincinnati, 
is  with  the  New  York  City  branch.  New  additions  to  the 
forces  are:  Thomas  J.  Ahern,  for  the  past  11  years  retail 
manager  of  the  Rapelve  Drug  Company,  at  Hartford,  Conn. ; 
T.  R.  Heller,  of  Wilk'es-Barre,  Pa.;  Dr.  C.  W.  PhiUipy,  for- 
merly in  the  service  of  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  as 
special  representative  on  Nitro-Germ;  Dr.  C.  A.  Noiret,  late 
of  the  Public  Health  and  Marine  Hospital  Service  in  Cuba, 
Ikis  entered  the  company's  service  in  Alabama,  with  head- 
quarters at  Montgomery.  The  company's  ranks,  while  thought 
to  be  intact,  were  visited  by  cupid.  The  victim  was  J.  Munro, 
manager  of  the  Mexico  City  branch,  who  took  advantage  of 
the  opportunity  to  leave  Mexico  and  journey  to  New  York, 
where  he  was  married  to  Miss  Ellen  Brooman  White,  of 
New    York    City. 

Two  of  Phikidelphia's  most  prominent  wholesale  druggists 
have  been  selected  to  serve  on  the  standing  committee  of  the 
Philadelphia  Chamber  of  Commerce.  H.  K.  Mulford,  vice- 
president  of  the  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.,  is  on  the  harbor  and 
navigation  committee,  and  the  banking  and  currency  com- 
mittee, and  Harry  B.  French,  president  of  the  Smith,  Kline  & 
French    Co.,   is   chairman    of   the   municipal   affairs   committee. 

It  is  feared  that  Edwin  F.  Gray,  formerly  a  student  at  the 
Medico-Chirurgical  College  and  a  resident  of  Philadelphia, 
has  been  put  to  death  by  the  rebel  forces  during  the  present 
Mexican  trouble.  Mr.  Gray,  whose  residence  is  at  3623  North 
Ninth  street,  formerly  conducted  a  drug  store  in  Philadelphia, 
hut  when  the  Spanish-American  War  broke  out  he  enlisted  in 
the  navy  and  since  that  time  has  been  a  soldier  of  fortune. 


Twentieth  Century  Merchandizing. 

THOMAS  V.  WOOTEN,  former  secretary  of  the  N.A.R.D. 
and  now  secretary-treasurer  of  the  International  Asso- 
ciation of  Rexall  Clubs,  gave  an  address  recently  before 
the  Boston  Y.M.C.U.  class  on  business  efficiency  and  sales- 
manship, that  was  an  eye-opener.  He  urged  all  druggists  to 
get  away  from  the  idea  of  serving  only  that  part  of  the  popu- 
lation that  is  sick  and  whose  incomes  are  consequently  recluced, 
and  to  cater  for  the  other  nineteen-twentieths  who  are  well 
and  prosperous.  The  lecture  was  illustrated  with  a  display 
of  goods  furnished  by  the  United  Drug  Co.,  which  converted 
the  stage  of  Union  Hall  into  a  modern  drug  store.  Mr. 
Wooten  said  in  part: 

"We  are  going  to  tell  how  we  can  change  an  ordinary  drug- 
gist into  a  20th  century  drug  merchandiser  by  means  of  making 
him  a  stockholder  in  our  company  and  getting  him  to  do 
things  in  the  Rexall  way.  We  bring  this  about,  of  course, 
by  disillusioning  him  in  respect  to  his  own  future,  because 
the  average  druggist  has  been  taking  a  losing  trick  so  long 
that  he  is  discouraged. 

"We  show  him  that  he  must  serve  the  whole  population 
instead  of  the  one-twentieth  of  the  population,  that  is  sick. 
He  has  chosen  the  one-twentieth  of  the  population,  who  are 
sick  and  whose  incomes  are  reduced.  He  must  take  in  addi- 
tion to  this  twentieth  the  other  nineteen-twentieths,  who  have 
money  to  burn  in  their  pockets.  The  drug  business  has  pos- 
sibilities which  there  is  only  one  way  to  realize,  the  20th 
century  merchandising  method. 

"He  must  make  a  transformation  in  his  own  business  by 
getting  out  and  pushing  instead  of  waiting  for  business  to 
come  to  him.  He  must  get  back  from  the  department  stores 
the  business  which  they  have  taken  away  from  him  by  their 
superior  methods.  He  must  give  better  service  than  anybody 
else,  so  that  when  it  comes  to  a  race  between  himself  and 
other  people  who  are  handling  the  same  line  of  goods,  he 
must  stand  in  the  forefront  by  his  satisfactory  equipment,  and 
by  his  method  of  doing  business. 

"Our  salesmen  will  sell  to  an  ordinary  druggist  the  Rexall 
proposition  and  then  about  two  years  later  we  will  find  out 
what  changes  have  taken  place  in  his  business  from  the  man's 
own  lips.  He  will  be  asked  to  come  to  the  meeting  of  the 
State  Rexall  Club,  an  organization  which  is  formed  for  the 
purpose  of  mutual  interchange  of  experiences  on  the  part  of 
these  successful  merchandisers,  the  Rexallites  of  the  State. 
At  this  meeting,  two  years  after  he  has  taken  on  the  propo- 
sition, the  druggist  will  discuss  with  the  club  his  ideas  of  the 
Rexall  Club  work  and  his  own  experiences  from  the  time  that 
he  was  a  hopeless  ethical  druggist  to  the  time  when  he  had 
become  a  successful  drug  merchandiser." 


The  Sale  of  Candy  in  Drug  Stores.* 


By   WILLIAM   A.    ROBINSON, 

Manager  of  the  factory   of  the   Druggists'   Mfg.   Association. 

WEBSTER  gives  the  following  definitions  of  the  word 
"Drug" :  1.  "An  ingredient  used  in  medicine."  2.  "A 
narcotic."     3.  "An  unsalable  article." 

Undoubtedly  all  of  these  definitions  are  correct,  and  I  am 
of  the  opinion  that  it  takes  considerable  merchandising  ability 
to  convert  a  knowledge  of  drugs  and  the  legitimate  pursuit  of 
the  drug  business  into  sufficient  cash  to  pay  the  rent  and 
leave  a  balance  on  the  right  side  of  the  ledger  without  mate- 
rial assistance  from  some  outside  source.  To  be  sure,  the 
druggist  deals  in  sundry  items,  such  as  hot  water  bottles,  on 
which  the  customer  wants  a  12-months'  guarantee,  tooth- 
brushes guaranteed  to  last  indefinitely,  unbreakable  combs 
which  are  promptly  returned  to  him  if  broken,  no  matter  how, 
and  numberless  other  items,  all  either  lasting  indefinitely,  or 
supposed  to. 

The  druggist,  to  pay  the  enormous  rents  for  which  he  obli- 
gates himself  to  obtain  preferred  positions,  must  cast  about 
him  for  some  quick-moving  merchandise  to  help  meet  these 
obligations,  and  my  belief  is  that  candy  is  the  best  possible 
piedium  for  this  purpose.  It  takes  very  little  of  his  valuable 
merchandising  space,  is  easily  obtained  and  with  very  little 
special  preparation  can  be  attractively  displayed.  A  candy 
stock  can  be  made  to  turn  itself  from  15  to  25  times  per  year 
and  at  a  very  satisfactory  profit  each  time.  Take  the  usual 
course  of  a  sale  of  a  pound  of  candy.  The  buyer  takes  it 
home  and  no  more  than  gets  into  the  house  before  the  sus- 
picious bulge  in  his  pocket  is  noted  and  at  once  demand  is 
made  on  him  for  it.  Immediately  thereafter  consumption  be- 
gins and  satisfaction  comes  only  when  the  bottom  of  the  box 
appears.  There  is  no  guarantee  as  to  its  lasting  qualities  asked 
and  none  expected,  the  only  stipulation  being  that  it  be  good 
candy. 

Practically  all  candy  is  good,  the  principal  difference  being 
in  the  manner  of  packing.  I  speak  of  the  staple  brands  of 
regular  manufacturers,  not  eliminating  the  much  abused  29- 
cent  package.  This  grade  of  candy  when  first  put  upon  the 
market  was  undoubtedly  of  the  40-cent  bulk  grade,  and  prop- 
erly used  on  Saturdays  only  as  a  potent  advertising  medium. 
Some  of  the  less  experienced  druggists,  however,  did  not  have 
the  nerve  to  turn  down  sales  during  the  other  six  days  of  the 
week  at  29  cents  or  make  the  customer  pay  the  regular  40- 
cent  price,  with  the  result  that  they  not  only  lost  the  advertis- 
ing advantage,  but  lost  money  besides,  and  in  trying  to  remedy 
this  last  defect  began  selling  chocolates  that  were  not  only 
worth  less  than  40  cents  per  pound  but  were  worth  less  than 
29  cents.  I  personally  believe  the  29-cent  Saturday  special 
a  good  proposition,  if  correctly  handled,  but  a  bad  one  other- 
wise. I  also  believe  that  a  retailer  selling  less  than  100  pounds 
a  week  is  wasting  his  time  in  handling  it  at  all  and  is  hurting 
his  regular  candy  business. 

Now  in  reference  to  the  care  of  candy,  especially  chocolates. 
Did  you  ever  stop  to  consider  that  the  responsibility  of  the 
manufacturer  ceases  as  to  its  care  when  you  purchase  his 
goods?  The  average  silent  salesman  show  case  is  fine  for 
showing  merchandise,  but  is  a  veritable  hot-house  and  is  con- 
structed exactly  like  one.  It  is  all  glass,  practically  air-tight, 
and  is  very  frequently  directly  in  the  path  of  sunlight  some 


*A    special   lecture   given    at    the   Massachusetts    College   of 
Pharmacy  on  Jan.  9,   1914. 


part  of  the  day.  Why  shouldn't  it  be  hot;  and  if  hot,  why 
shouldn't  it  melt  chocolates?  This  is  very  easily  remedied, 
and  some  of  the  more  progressive  case  manufacturers  are 
making  a  ventilated  show  case  for  confectionery.  You  can 
easily  remedy  it  yourselves  by  having  a  wire  screen  three  or 
four  inches  wide  placed  on  a  frame  at  either  end  of  your 
case,  thus  allowing  a  circulation  of  air  over  your  goods.  I 
am  frequently  asked,  "How  about  chocolates  in  the  Summer 
time?"  The  answer  to  this  is  easy.  Don't  sell  them.  Give 
your  customers  a  rest  and  they  will  come  back  all  the  more 
hungry  in  the  Fall.  "Yes,  that  is  fine,  but  I  have  the  case, 
and  don't  want  to  go  out  of  this  branch  of  the  business  at  all." 
To  meet  this  I  would  say  that  there  are  lots  of  candies,  other 
than  chocolates,  that  can  and  do  stand  hot  weather.  I  have 
in  mind  the  10-cent,  15-cent  and  25-cent  bottles  of  various 
hard  candy  sticks,  balls,  cuts,  etc.,  gum  drops  in  attractive 
packages,  druggists'  wafers,  chewing  gums  and  many  others 
equally  as  good,  all  confectionerj',  and  all  profitable.  With 
a  little  forethought  and  ordinary  merchandising  sense  this 
department  wM  pay  the  year  round. 

Now  a  few  words  about  the  manufacturing  end  of  the 
business.  The  detail  of  one  factory  is  much  like  another. 
The  sugar  is  cooked,  beaten  into  fondant,  flavored,  cast  into 
centers,  dipped  into  chocolate  and  packed  into  its  various 
packages.  All  of  this  costs  money,  but  from  this  point  on 
the  real  expense  begins  to  mount  up,  the  principal  item  being 
printers'  ink.  Your  customer  doesn't  eat  this,  but  he  pays  for 
it.  If  you  don't  think  so  look  over  the  advertising  appropria- 
tions made  by  some  of  the  larger  houses.  The  second  item 
of  expense,  in  which  some  houses  include  their  advertising 
appropriation,  is  the  selling  to  the  retailer.  A  good  deal  of 
this  is  caused  by  the  retailer  not  having  the  courage  of  his 
convictions,  or  you  might  say  by  lack  of  loyalty  to  any  one 
manufacturer  or  brand  of  goods.  He  wants  to  please  each 
customer,  giving  each  his  special  chosen  brand  of  goods, 
thereby  making  his  individual  business  of  little  value  to  any- 
one manufacturer,  or  else  he  uses  slipshod  methods  in  buying, 
such  as  allowing  his  stock  to  become  either  too  small  or  too 
large,  both  equally  imdesirable:  or  his  desire  to  be  a  good 
fellow  and  buy  from  each  good  fellow  that  comes  along  neces- 
sarily makes  his  orders  small,  thereby  increasing  the  propor- 
tionate cost  of  dealing  with  him.  This  item  alone  adds  from 
5%  to  15%  to  the  cost  of  goods,  all  of  which  must  fall  on 
the  consumer  or  retailer,  or  both,  a  goodly  portion  of  which 
would  be  eliminated  if  the  retailer  would  use  a  little  care  in 
selecting  his  one  or  two  lines  and  then  buy  them  persistently 
and  continuously  so  long  as  their  standard  was  maintained, 
giving  the  manufacturer  the  co-operation  and  support  to  which 
he  is  entitled. 

As  I  said  before,  the  operation  of  making  candy  is  one  of 
detail  only,  and  if  you  are  satisfied  with  a  house's  business 
methods  and  product,  help  it  and  it  will  help  you.  The 
manufacturer  has  much  to  contend  with,  finances,  labor,  con- 
stant watchfulness  as  to  cleanliness  and  sanitation,  constant 
demands  for  new  varieties  of  nuts,  flavors,  etc.,  constant  watch 
of  market  conditions,  for  just  the  minute  the  source  of  supply 
finds  their  particular  article  being  generally  used,  up  goes  the 
price,  which  must  be  met  by  either  a  satisfactory  substitute 
or  a  new  source  of  supply,  attacks  by  sensational  writers  or 
newspapers  and  a  thousand  and  one  other  items. 

I  want  to  speak  specifically  concerning  sensational  newspaper 
stories.  The  National  Confectioners'  Association  maintains  a 
committee,  aided  by  a  legal  force,  to  hunt  down  the  source 
of  the  stories  generally  headed,  "Poisoned  by  eating  candy," 
and  in  over  one  himdred  cases  investigated  not  a  single  one 


:sii 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    EKA 


[Ai'RiL,  19H 


has  been  authenticated,  and  in  many  cases  the  stories  have 
been  absolutely  baseless. 

Some  time  ago  a  representative  of  an  allied  industry  came 
to  Boston  for  the  purpose  of  getting  financial  assistance  from 
the  Xew  England  Confectioners  to  fight  the  then  new  Penn- 
sylvania Pure  Food  Law.  He  was  asked  why  we  should  fight 
it.  His  answer  was,  "So  that  you  can  sell  your  goods  in  that 
State."  As  we  had  formulated  Ptire  Food  Laws  of  our  own 
years  before  any  ofnci.il  action  had  been  taken  we  could  not 
see  where  \\e  were  in  any  danger,  and  did  not  contribute,  and 
to  my  knowledge  there  have  been  but  two  convictions  of  New 
England  confectioners  and  those  both  on  technicalities.  I 
consider  this  more  than  remarkable  when  there  was  last  year 
over  $40,000,000  of  confectionery  made  in  Xew  England  and 
sold  the  world  over.  These  look  like  pretty  large  figures,  but 
here  are  some  larger  ones,  for  the  L'nited  States  made  last 
year  800,000,000  pounds  of  candy,  160,000,000  of  which  were 
made  in  Xew  England,  giving  employment  to  between  35,000 
and  40,000  people. 

I  might  go  on  to  tell  you  the  difference  between  cocoas  that 
come  from  different  countries.  Why  especially  dark,  sweet 
chocolate  can  only  become  so  by  either  burning  or  coloring 
during  the  process  of  converting  it  into  coating,  why  the  sup- 
ply is  not  increasing  with  the  demand,  and  many  more  of  the 
so-ca  led  secrets  incident  to  the  manufacttire  of  chocolates,  but 
I  fear  I  might  be  criticised  by  some  of  my  fellow  manufac- 
turers, so  will  close  by  saying  it  is  an  interesting  subject  and 
will  be  well  worth  the  time  spent  in  your  college  library  that 
it  will  take  to  look  it  up. 


Legal  Decisions 


J 


Parcels  Post  Pointers. 


Here  are  a  few  tips  for  the  benefit  of  druggists  and  their 
customers,  and  relating  to  the  parcel  post.  Questions  are  often 
asked  in  regard  to  these  minor  matters,  and  definite  knowl- 
edge on  the  points  involved  is  valuable: 

Books  may  be  sent  by  parcel  post  on  and  after  March  16, 
1914.  The  rate  of  postage  will  be,  for  parcels  weighing  8 
ounces  or  less,  1  cent  for  each  2  ounces  or  fraction  thereof, 
while  on  those  weighing  over  8  ounces  the  regular  pound  rates 
will  apply. 

In  Xew  York  City,  uninsured  parcels  weighing  4  ounces  or 
less  may  be  mailed  at  the  ordinary  package  boxes,  and  at  all 
numbered  stations,  as  well  as  at  the  General  Postoffice  and 
carrier  stations. 

In  measuring  packages,  it  is  simplest  to  use  a  six-foot  tape 
line.  Lay  the  tape  along  the  greatest  length  of  the  parcel, 
and  so  much  of  the  tape  as  is  not  used  for  the  length  rep- 
resents the  greatest  girth  permissible. 

.\rtides  classified  as  third-class  matter  may  not  be  sent  by 
parcel  post.  Photographs,  circulars,  cards,  calendars,  and  other 
printed  matter  carry  a  rate  of  1  cent  for  each  2  ounces  or 
fraction  thereof. 

Parcels  containing  two  or  more  classes  of  matter  are  charge- 
able with  postage  at  the  rate  applicable  to  the  highest  class  of 
matter  inc'osed. 

Parcels  cannot  be  reg'stered  for  domestic  destinations,  but 
mav  be  insured. 

To  send  parcels  by  special  delivery,  add  10  cents  in  stamps, 
or  a  special  delivery  stamp.  If  ordinary  stamps  are  used, 
write  "Special  Delivery"   on  the  package. 

If  parcels  are  to  be  sent  as  first-class  matter,  they  should 
be  sealed,  or  otherwise  closed  against  inspection.  Weight  limit 
is  4  pounds. 

Parce's  must  bear  the  name  and  address  of  the  sender, 
preceded  by  the  word  "From."  The  address  and  name  of 
sender  mav  be  written  on  tags,  but  should  also  appear  on  the 
wrapper  of  the  package  for  use  in  case  the  tag  is  detached. 

Permissible  inclosures  with  parceb  are  invoices,  showmg  the 
price,  stvle.  stock  number,  size,  date  of  order,  initials  or  name 
of  salesmen  and  checkers;  directions  for  taking  medicii  3 
written  on  labels  attached  to  the  bottle  or  package:  prmted 
matter  descriptive  of  the  article  mailed;  and  a  single  order 
form,  main'v  in  print,  may  be  inclosed  with  a  parcel. 


Agency   Contract   or   Absolute    Sale. 

ACTIOX  was  brought  for  goods  sold  and  delivered,  to 
recover  for  certain  proprietary  medicines  alleged  to  have 
been  sold  by  a  proprietary  medicine  company  to  the  de- 
fendant Bates,  The  defendant  Eastgate  guaranteed  the  con- 
tract. The  plaintiff  was  the  owner  by  purchase  from  the  re- 
ceiver of  the  medicine  company.  The  vital  question  in  the 
case  was  whether  the  contract,  which  was  in  writing  and  com- 
plete in  itself,  was  a  contract  of  absolute  sale,  making  Bates 
liable,  upon  its  termination,  for  the  stipulated  price  of  the 
goods  which  he  ordered. 

The  contract  recited  a  desire  on  the  part  of  Bates  to  pur- 
chrse  of  the  medicine  company,  on  credit  and  at  wholesale 
prices,  for  the  purpose  of  selling  again  to  consumers,  certain 
medicines  and  other  goods  manufactured  or  distributed  by  the 
medicine  company,  paying  his  account  in  instalments  as  pro- 
vided in  the  contract.  Bates  was  to  sell  no  other  goods  than 
those  sold  by  the  company,  was  to  sell  at  retail  prices  fixed 
by  the  company,  and  was  to  pay  on  the  basis  of  the  wholesale 
prices  fixed  by  the  company.  He  was  to  remit  to  the  com- 
pany in  cash  each  week  an  amount  equal  to  one-half  of  the 
receipts  of  his  business,  of  which  he  was  to  submit  weekly 
reports.  Upon  the  termination  of  the  contract  he  was  to  settle 
in  cash  within  a  reasonable  time  the  balance  due  the  company 
on  account.  The  company  agreed  to  fill  and  deliver  his 
reasonable  orders,  provided  his  account  was  in  a  satisfactory 
condition,  and  to  charge  current  wholesale  prices,  and  to 
notify  him  promptly  of  any  change  in  wholesale  or  retail 
prices.  It  agreed  to  pay  any  license  fee  required  by  the  State 
or  county.  It  agreed  to  furnish  advertising  matter,  reports 
and  other  blanks.  It  agreed  to  give,  free  of  charge,  instruc- 
tions and  advice  by  letter,  bulletins,  and  otherwise,  as  to  the 
best  method  of  selling  products  to  consumers.  .  Bates  and  his 
guarantor  were  to  be  released  from  the  contract  at  any  time 
by  paying  in  cash  the  balance  due  the  company  on  accoimt. 
The  contract  was  to  continue  so  long  only  as  his  account  arid 
amount  of  purchases  were  satisfactory  to  the  company.  Con- 
currently with  this  contract  it  was  agreed,  by  another  contract 
in  writing,  that  so  long  as  Bates  worked  continuously  selling 
the  company's  medicines  it  would  not  sell  to  anyone  else  to 
peddle  in  Cottonwood  county,  Minn.,  but  if  the  contract  was 
terminated  the  company  might  sell  as  if  the  agreement  had  not 
been  made.  The  so-cal'ed  guaranty  was  a  guaranty  of  "the 
honest  and  faithful  performance  of  the  said  contract." 

The  court  consirueci  the  contract  not  to  be  an  absolute  sale 
contract,  making  Bates  liable  for  the  wholesale  price  of  mer- 
chandise tmsold  when  the  company  terminated  the  contract, 
but  to  be  in  the  nature  of  an  rgenc\'  contract,  notwithstanding 
that  it  did  not  expressly  provide  for  a  return  of  the  merchan- 
dise unsold.  Judgment  for  the  defendants  was  therefore 
affirmed.  The  court  stated  that  it  had  found  no  case  con- 
struing a  contract  precisely  like  this  one.  (Barkenille  vs. 
Bates,  Minnesota  Supreme  Court,  143  X"^.  W.  909.) 


The  Boston  Drug  Company,  with  a  capital  of  S30.000. 
has  been  incorporated  by  John  L.  Richardson,  George  M. 
Faulkner  and  William  L.  Elliott. 


Void  Ordinance  Licensing  Sellers  of  Soft  Drinks — 
Recovery  of  License  Fees  Paid. 
.\  firm  of  druggists  in  a  city  of  the  fourth  class  in  Ken- 
tucky were  engaged  in  selling  soft  drinks  as  a  part  of  their 
business.  In  April,  1910,  at  the  solicitation  of  a  number  of 
persons  who  were  engaged  in  that  business,  or  that  desired  to 
engage  in  it,  in  the  city,  the  board  of  councilmen  adopted  an 
ordinance  providing  for  licensing  the  sale  of  soft  drinks  in  the 
city,  fixing  the  license  fee  at  S200  per  annum,  payable  quarterly. 
The  firm  in  question  obtained  the  required  license,  and  con- 
tinued to  do  business  thereunder  for  18  months,  during  which 
period  they  paid  license  fees  aggregating  $300.  In  September, 
1912,  the  firm  brought  action  against  the  city  to  recover  that 
sum.  upon  the  ground  that  it  had  been  paid  through  mistake, 
and  collected  without  authority  of  law.  The  want  of  authority 
upon  the  part  of  the  city  to  collect  the  license  fee  appeared, 
for  the  first  time,  shortly  before  the  action  was  brought,  when 
the  firm  discovered  that  the  ordinance  of  .^pril,  1910,  was  void, 
because  the  yeas  and  nays  of  the  vote  upon  its  adoption  had 
not  been  recorded  in  the  journal  of  the  proceedings  of  the 
board  of  council. 


April,  191-lJ 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


187 


The  rule  in  most  jurisdictions  is  that  money  paid  under  a 
mistake  of  fact  can  be  recovered,  but  money  paid  under  a 
mistake  of  law  cannot  be  recovered.  But  it  has  long  been  set- 
tled in  the  Kentucky  courts  that  in  that  State  money  paid 
under  a  mistake  of  law  may  be  recovered.  The  court  of 
appeals  of  the  State  upholds  the  wisdom  of  the  Kentucky  rule 
on  the  ground  that  one  is  as  much  more  inclined  to  make  a 
mistake  of  law  than  a  mistake  of  fact.  One  of  the  modifica- 
tions of  the  Kentucky  rule,  however,  is  that  illegal  taxes  paid 
voluntarily  may  not  be  recovered;  but,  if  they  are  paid  under 
compulsion,  which  exists  whenever  they  are  collectible  by  sum- 
mary process  of  fine  and  imprisonment,  they  come  within  the 
general  rule  and  may  be  recovered.  When  taxes  can  be  col- 
lected by  suit  only,  and  are  voluntarily  paid,  an  action  to 
recover  them  cannot  be  brought.  All  the  requisites  of  a  com- 
pulsory payment  appearing  in  this  case,  judgment  for  the 
defendants  was  reversed  and  the  cause  remanded  for  further 
proceedings  consistent  with  the  opinion  of  the  appellate  court. 
(Spalding  vs.  City  of  Lebanon,  Kentucky  Court  of  Appeals, 
160  S.  W.  751.) 


Drug  Laws  and  Rulings 


Sale  of  TJndivided  Interest  in  Stock — Bulk  Sales  Law. 

The  sale  of  a  half  interest  in  a  stock  of  goods  by  a  merchant 
for  the  purpose  of  taking  the  vendee  into  partnership  is  held 
to  be  within  the  purpose  and  reason  of  the  Tennessee  Bulk 
Sales  Law  (Acts  1901,  c.  133),  requiring  that  notice  shall  be 
given  to  creditors,  etc.,  since  it  very  materially  changes  the 
relation  of  the  vendor's  creditors  to  the  stock,  if  such  sale  is 
valid.  Before  the  sale  a  creditor  could  levy  upon  the  whole 
stock.  After  the  sale,  if  valid,  the  creditor  could  not  levy  upon 
any  of  the  stock,  but  only  upon  the  vendor's  interest  in  the 
whole,  and  in  order  to  obtain  this  he  would  have  to  file  a  bill 
in  equity  and  have  an  accounting  with  the  new  partner.  So 
the  former  owner  of  the  stock  miglit  admit  three  new  persons 
into  the  business,  and  so  reduce  his  own  holding  to  a  one- 
fourth  interest,  and  so  on  as  to  small  fractions — at  the  same 
time  putting  the  proceeds  into  his  own  pocket  and  holding 
them  beyond  the  reach  of  his  creditors.  (Daly  vs.  Sumpter 
Drug  Co.,  Tennessee  Supreme  Court,  155  S.  W.  167.) 


Contract  for  Sale  of  Drug  Store  Fixtures. 
An  offer  and  acceptance  for  the  sale  of  drug  store  fixtures 
were  in  the  following  form :  "We  propose  to  furnish  and  erect 
complete  in  your  store  at  Charleston,  W.  Va.,  the  following 
fixtures:  2S-foot  wall  case  (McLean  style)  ;  18-foot  tincture 
shelving;  11 -foot  patent  medicine  case;  6-foot  tobacco  case 
and  humidor;  6-foot  mirror;  12-foot  RX  work  counter;  12- 
foot  RX  partition ;  18-foot  6-inch  settee,  upholstered  in  green 
leather;  7-foot  6-inch  mirror  above  settee;  14-foot  6-inch  "L" 
case;  36-foot  cases;  5-foot  wrapping  counter,  glass  front  and 
sliding  floor;  10-foot  laboratory  table.  Exposed  parts  of  alcove 
in  solid  and  veneered  mahogany,  all  glass  bevel  plate  and  all 
mirrors  No.  1  grade  same,  metal  back;  all  cases  to  be  all 
plate — plate  shelves  10-inch  marble  base;  finish — best  quality, 
hard  polished  and  rubbed.  Complete  plans,  specifications  and 
details  to  be  submitted  and  approved  by  purchaser.  Price, 
$2145.  Bernard  decker  Co.,  per  Leon  Shipman.  ."Accepted: 
Jas.  A.  Carr,  Carr's  Drug  Store."  In  an  action  for  damages 
for  breach  of  the  contract  by  the  defendant,  the  defendant 
argued  that  until  complete  plans,  specifications  and  details 
were  submitted  by  the  plaintiff  and  approved  by  the  defendant, 
the  contract  was  incomplete,  not  binding  on,  and  therefore 
revocable  by  either  cf  the  parties.  The  court  did  not  agree 
to  that  conclusion,  because  Carr  did  not  give  the  plaintiff  an 
opportunity  to  prepare  and  submit  plans  and  specifications 
for  his  approval.  Within  an  hour  after  accepting  the  order 
he  arbitrarily  sought  to  revoke  it,  assigning  as  the  only  reason 
that  he  had  purchased  the  same  fixtures  from  another  com- 
pany at  a  materially  reduced  offer.  It  was  held  that  the  con- 
tract was  mutually  binding  on  both  parties,  and  that  Carr  could 
not  revoke  it.  His  refusal  to  take  the  fixtures  in  conformity 
with  the  contract  was  a  breach  thereof.  The  contract  was  not 
invalid  because  of  the  concluding  clause  thereof.  It  was 
sufficiently  definite  in  description  of  the  fixtures.  (Bernard 
Glocker  Co.  vs.  Carr,  West  A'irginia  Court  of  Appeals,  79 
S.  E.  732.)  

The  United  Drug  Co.,  of  Massachusetts,  a  holding  com- 
pany for  the  New  Jersey  operating  company,  has  declared 
quarterly  dividends  of  1^  per  cent,  on  preferred  stock  and 
2  on  common. 


Caffeine  Duty  Affirmed — The  Board  of  United  States 
General  .Appraisers  has  affirmed  the  assessment  by  the  Col- 
lector of  the  Port  of  New  York,  under  paragraph  65  of  the 
1909  tariff,  on  caffeine  imported  by  the  National  Aniline  & 
Chemical  Co.  The  board  held  that  caffeine  was  properly 
classified  as  a  "medicinal  preparation  not  otherwise  provided 
for,"  while  the  importers  held  it  dutiable  under  paragraph  20 
as  coming  under  the  class  of  drugs  there  enumerated.  "It 
appears  from  the  evidence,"  says  General  Appraiser  Brown 
in  his  decision,  "that  it  is  used  in  medicine  as  aheart  stimulant, 
and  with  bromide  of  soda  and  other  chemicals  as  a  headache 
cure.  It  also  appears  that  it  is  made  by  soaking  tea  sweepings 
in  water,  then  adding  acetate  of  lead  to  throw  out  the  tannin. 
This  leaves  an  excess  of  lead,  which  in  turn  is  removed  by 
sulphide  of  hydrogen.  The  solution  remaining  is  allowed  to 
cool,  a  large  flaky  mass  precipitating,  which  is  known  com- 
mercially as  caffeine.  It  can  also  be  made  from  coffee.  This 
case  comes  within  the  principle  established  by  the  case  of- 
Lehn  S:  Fink  vs.  United  States  (T.D.  33522),  decided  May  26, 
1913,  wherein  the  Court  of  Customs  .Appeals  says:  "Paragraph 
20  is  limited  by  its  terms  to  such  natural,  uncompounded  drugs 
as  inedible  barks,  beans,  berries,  roots,  etc.,  and  does  not 
extend  to  infusions,  decoctions  or  extractions  made  from  such 
substances." 

To  Test  Insecticide  Statute  in  Ohio George  B.  Kauf- 
man, of  the  Kaufman-Lattimer  wholesale  drug  firm,  appeared 
before  the  Ohio  State  .Agricultural  Commission  recently  with 
his  counsel,  E.  L.  Taylor,  to  ask  co-operation  in  a  friendly 
suit  to  test  the  constitutionality  of  the  Boggs  law,  which  regu- 
lates the  sale  of  insecticides  and  fungicides;  and  also  the  law 
wh:'ch  provides  standards  for  stock  feed.  The  suits  are  to 
be  brought  in  the  Franklin  county  courts.  Members  of  the 
commission  refused  to  enter  the  contest  in  a  friendly  relation, 
and  stated  that  they  believe  the  laws  constitutional,  and 
will  attempt  to  uphold  them.  According  to  the  provisions  of 
this  law  a  license  fee  of  $20  is  required  for  each  variety  of 
insecticide  carried  by  the  druggist,  and  this  would  mean  a 
yearly  fee  of  something  like  $14,000  from  such  firms  as  Kauf- 
man-Lattimer and  the  large  wholesale  druggists,  since  there 
are  some  700  of  these  preparations  on  the  market.  A  personal 
visit  of  protest  was  made  upon  the  Governor  by  Mr.  Kaufman 
and  by  J.  D.  Price,  of  the  Orr,  Brown  &  Price  Co.,  as  soon 
as  the  law  was  passed. 

Telephone  Drug  Order  Illegal — At  the  conclusion  of  a 
bitterly  contested  test  case  in  the  Massachusetts  courts,  based 
on  the  interpretation  of  the  drug  laws,  a  Boston  magistrate 
has  rukd  that  a  telephoned  order  to  a  druggist  by  a  physician 
for  the  sale  of  cocaine,  morphine  or  opium  is  illegal.  The 
defendant  was  Ernest  Langley,  a  clerk  employed  by  Frank  J. 
McGarry,  a  Columbus  avenue  druggist,  and  he  paid  a  fine  of 
$25.  The  point  raised  by  the  attorney  for  the  defendant  was 
that  the  law  reads  "upon  the  written  prescription  or  order  of  a 
physician,"  and  that  the  last  four  words  applied  to  a  telephone 
order  as  well  as  to  a  written  one.  The  prosecution  held  that 
the  stipulation  "written"  applied  to  both  the  "prescription" 
and  the  "order,"  and  this  reading  of  the  statute  was  upheld 
by  the  magistrate. 

Drug  Habit  Growing  in  Georgia — The  annual  report  of 
State  Drug  Inspector  Dr.  T.  A.  Cheatham,  of  Georgia,  calls 
attention  to  the  growing  danger  from  the  drug  habit  in  the 
State,  particularly  among  the  negroes,  and  urges  stringent 
methods  to  prevent  the  illegal  sale  of  narcotics  and  particularly 
of  cocaine.  He  reports  a  large  number  of  druggists  as  violating 
the  laws  controlling  the  sale  of  narcotic  drugs  without  the 
prescription  of  a  reputable  physician,  and  recommends  social 
ostracism  as  a  cure  for  those  who  are  engaged  in  the  business 
and  who  are  successfully  prosecuted.  .Arresting  officers  all 
agree  that  a  negro  under  the  influence  of  cocaine  is  much  more 
dangerous  than  one  under  the  influence  of  poor  whiskey. 

Fitting  a  Truss  Not  Practicing  Medicine Fitting  a 

truss  is  not  "practicing  medicine,"  according  to  a  ruling  by 
Judge  Connolly,  of  Detroit,  following  which  he  instructed  a 
jury  to  find  in  favor  of  Frank  H.  Seeley,  a  truss  manufacturer, 
who  was  charged  with  violating  the  State  medical  law.  Mr. 
Seeley  sold  a  truss  to  a  customer  and  fitted  it  to  him.    "If  this 


ISS 


THE    PHARiL\CEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


case  constitutes  a  violation  of  the  State  medical  law,"  said 
Judge  Connolly,  "you  could  just  as  well  arrest  a  druggist  for 
selling  a  toothbrush." 

To   Hake   a   Test   of   the   Drug  Law E.   Pickett,   of 

Fresno,  Cal.,  accused  of  selling  drugs  when  not  a  licensed 
druggist,  was  arrested  by  a  State  drug  inspector  and  held  for 
trial.  The  constitutionality  of  the  law  under  which  the  arrest 
was  made  will  he  tested.  Seven  other  warrants  for  arrest  of 
persons  on  similar  charges  were  served  later  on  seven  other 
dealers;  the  articles  sold  were  arnica  and  sweet  spirits  of  nitre, 
quinine,  paregoric  and  iodine. 

Malt  Liquor  in  Drug  Store  Evidence  of  Illegal 
Sales — Judge  James  E.  Deery,  of  the  Indianapolis  city  court, 
has  held  that  a  quantity  of  malt  liquor  found  in  a  registered 
pharmacy  is  prima  facie  evidence  of  the  operation  of  a  "blind 
tiger."  The  decision  was  handed  down  in  the  case  of  Lee  G. 
Nash,  a  registered  pharmacist,  who  was  fined  $50  and  costs 
and  sentenced  to  jail  for  30  days. 

Drugs — Sale  by  Physician — The  right  of  a  physician  to 
sell  drugs  without  a  prescription  was  considered  in  the  Indiana 
case  of  N'iswonger  vs.  State,  46  L.R.A.  (N.S.)  1,  which 
holds  that  a  sale  of  cocaine  by  a  duly  licensed  physician  with- 
out a  written  prescription  violates  a  statute  making  it  unlawful 
for  any  person  to  sell  cocaine  except  upon  a  written  prescription 
of  a  duly  licensed  physician. 

Fined  for  Failure  to  File  Prescriptions — A.  H.  George, 
a  Cleveland  (Ohio)  druggist,  has  been  fined  $1000  on  two 
charges  of  failing  to  have  prescriptions  on  file.  His  assistant 
was  fined  $500  for  selling  morphine  illegally.  The  arrest  is  a 
part  of  the  campaign  against  illegal  drug  sellers  in  Cleveland, 
and  is  instigated  by  A.  L.  Flandermeyer,  representative  of  the 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy. 

To  Prohibit  Sale  of  Cocaine — An  act  providing  that  no 
person  may  have  in  his  possession  cocaine  or  any  compound 
thereof,  except  upon  written  authorization  of  a  physician,  or 
unless  authorized  by  law  to  have  or  use  cocaine,  has  been 
introduced  in  the  Rhode  Island  Legislature  by  Senator  Pierce. 
The  bill  is  aimed  at  the  illegal  trafficker  in  narcotics. 

Arrested  for  Displaying  Red  Cross  Illegally — Leon 
Schatz,  a  druggist  at  Pratt  and  Bond  streets,  Baltimore,  has 
been  released  on  $500  bail  pending  the  action  of  the  grand 
jury,  on  a  charge  of  displaying  the  Red  Cross  illegally  on  three 
windows  of  his  drug  store.  The  offence  is  a  violation  of  the 
State  law. 

Ice  Cream  a  Food The  Interstate  Commerce  Commission 

at  Washington,  on  March  11,  directed  the  express  companies 
of  the  country  to  classify  ice  cream  as  an  article  of  food,  a 
ruling  which  will  reduce  the  rates  of  carriage  nearly  50  per 
cent.  The  companies  have  expressed  a  willingness  to  obey  the 
order. 

Permits  Granted  Drug  Habitues — Under  the  new  anti- 
narcotic  drug  law  in  Tennessee  which  requires  users  of  such 
drugs  to  take  out  permits  it  has  been  shown  that  there  are 
more  than  40  users  in  the  city  of  Nashville  alone,  while  more 
than  1000  permits  have  been  granted  in  the  entire  State. 

To  Prohibit  Interstate  TraflSc  in  Fraudulent  Medi- 
cines  Representative  Frank  T.  O'Hair,  of  Illinois,  has  in- 
troduced in  the  National  House  a  bill  prohibiting  interstate 
traffic  in  fraudulent  medicines  and  surgical  apparatus,  and 
providing  for  the  fine  and  imprisonment  of  offenders. 


ME.  EEHFTJSS  OPENS  FIGHT  FOB  LOWEB  EXCISE 


Senator    Whitney    Introduces    BUI    Embodying    His 
Suggestions — ^Provides  for  Lower  Tax  and  Bond. 

AS  an  entering  wedge  in  the  movement  to  ameliorate  the 
provisions  of  the  present  excise  law  which  are  needlessly 
burdensome  to  the  retail  pharmacist,  Mr.  Whitney  has 
introduced  into  the  New  York  State  Senate  Bill  No.  1402,  to 
amend  the  liquor  tax  law,  in  relation  to  ine  sale  of  alcohol  by 
licensed  pharmacists.  After  providing  for  the  business  of 
trafficking  in  alcohol  in  quantities  of  less  than  five  gallons  by 
dealers  who  are  not  duly  licensed  pharmacists  or  duly  licensed 
druggists,  the  bill  reads  as  follows: 

Upon  the  business  of  trafficking  in  alcohol  in  quantities  of 
less  than  one  gallon,  for  use  for  medicinal  or  scientific  pur- 
poses, by  duly  licensed  pharmacists  and  duly  licensed  druggists. 


there  is  assessed  an  excise  tax  to  be  paid  by  every  licensed 
pharmacist  and  licensed  druggist  engaged  in  such  traffic  the 
sum  of  five  dollars. 

Under  "bonds  to  be  given,"  the  bill  provides: 

Provided,  houd'cr,  that  a  duly  licensed  pharmacist  or  duly 
licensed  druggist  who  desires  to  traffic  in  alcohol  in  quantities 
of  less  than  one  gallon  for  medicinal  and  scientific  purposes 
under  subdivision  six  of  section  eight  of  this  cliapter,  shall  file 
a  bond  in  the  penal  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars  only,  imthout 
surety  or  sureties. 

Jacob  H.  Rehfuss,  president  of  the  New  York  State  Phar- 
maceutical Association,  has  fathered  this  particular  effort  to 
secure  a  reduction  in  the  excise  tax  and  bond  required  of 
pharmacist-dealers  in  alcohol.  In  a  recent  interview  with  an 
Era  representative,  Mr.  Rehfuss  referred  to  the  fact  that 
organized  pharmacy  has  been  trying  for  years  to  separate  the 
sale  of  liquor  from  that  of  drugs.  The  result  has  been  that  in 
the  cities  and  towns  few  druggists  engage  in  the  liquor  traffic, 
other  than  in  the  sale  of  pure  alcohol,  which  is  conceded  to  be 
a  sick-room  necessity  and  rarely  used  as  a  beverage. 

"Pharmacists  of  this  type  feel  that  they  ought  no'  to  be 
classified  as  retail  liquor  dealers  along  with  the  saloonkeepers. 
Nor  should  pharmacists  be  compelled  to  pay  more  than  a 
nominal  fee  for  the  privilege  of  carrying  on  a  business  in 
pure  alcohol."  Mr.  Rehfuss  advocated  a  new  classification  to 
be  known  as  "retail  dealers  in  alcohol."  An  alcohol  permit 
should  be  issued  to  such  dealers  permitting  them  to  sell  in 
quantities  of  less  than  one  gallon,  and  not  permitting  them  to 
sell  any  form  of  spirituous  liquor.  The  annual  fee  for  this 
permit  should  be  five  dollars  and  no  bond  should  be  required. 
The  applicant  should  make  out  a  sworn  statement  that  he  sells 
no  other  form  of  spirituous  liquor. 

Mr.  Rehfuss  summarized  the  situation  to  the  effect  that  an 
alcohol  permit,  such  as  he  proposed,  would  relieve  the  phar- 
macist of  the  burden  of  a  bond  which  at  present  cost  more 
than  the  license  tax,  the  holder  of  such  a  bond  would  not  have 
to  be  watched  by  the  excise  department  for  violations,  the 
saloon  interests  should  not  object,  since  the  establishment  of 
a  permit  would  place  the  liquor  traffic  into  their  hands,  and 
the  temperance  people  should  not  oppose  its  institution,  since 
it  would  be  a  move  toward  the  complete  elimination  of  the 
sale  of  liquor  in  the  drug  store.  The  State  revenue  would 
not  suffer,  since  many  druggists  at  present  do  not  take  out 
th;  $7.50  license,  preferring  not  to  sell  alcohol,  or  to  do  so 
surreptitiously,  rather  than  pay  the  State  S7.50  and  a  bonding 
company  $10  to  $12.50,  as  at  present.  In  fact,  the  necessity 
of  furnishing  the  bond  is  the  druggist's  chief  objection  to  the 
entire  matter. 


LEDEBMAN   LN"   CUSTODY   OF   CITY  WABDEN. 


Justice  Bijur  Dismisses  Writ  of  Habeas  Corpus,  Vir- 
tually Upholding   Medical   Society's   Contention. 

Justice  Bijur,  in  the  Supreme  Court,  recently  remanded 
Dr.  Morris  Lederman  to  the  custody  of  the  warden  of  the 
city  prison  and  dismissed  a  writ  of  habeas  corpus,  thereby  vir- 
tually upholding  the  contention  of  the  New  York  Cotmty 
Medical  Society  that  drug  stores  cannot  legally  advertise  to 
write  prescriptions  and  to  diagnose  diseases,  even  though  they 
employ  regularly  licensed  physicians.  As  was  reported  in  the 
March  Era,  Lederman  was  held  by  a  magistrate  on  a  charge 
of  practicing  medicine  in  violation  of  the  Public  Health  law, 
in  behalf  of  the  Standard  Pharmacy  Co.,  321  Bowery.  Justice 
Bijur  dismissed  the  writ  of  habeas  corpus  because  he  believed 
that  the  "relator  holds  himself  out  tmder  his  trade  name  as 
being  able  to  diagnose  and  treat  diseases,  and  offers  and  under- 
takes to  do  so."  The  justice  did  not  render  a  direct  decbion 
on  the  holding  of  an  office  by  a  physician  in  connection  with  a 
drug  store. 

Justice  Bijur  stated  that  the  doubts  which  he  entertained 
as  to  the  legal  propriety  of  the  advertisements  might  properly 
be  resolved  in  the  plaintiffs  favor  were  it  not  for  the  card  of 
free  examination  which  read : 

"Card  for  Free  Examination,  Medical  and  singical  office  of 
the  Standard  Pharmacy  Company,  321,  323  Bowery,  comer 
2d  Street,  New  York.  To  the  Doctor:  Please  make  examina- 
tion and  give  medical  advice  to  bearer,  who  is  now  using 

and  charge  same  to  Standard  Pharmacy  Company,  per 

Make  no  charge  to  holder  of  card." 


ApEiL,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


189 


Eastman  Co.  Buys  Right  to  Make  Films. 

After  12-Year  Contest  in  the  Courts,  Kodak  Company  was 
Held  an  Infringer  on  Rights  of  Original  Inventor  of  the 
Photographic  Film — Court  of  Appeals  Allowed  Time  for 
Readjustment  of  the  Business,  But  Stipulated  Payment  of 
20  Per  Cent,  of  Value  of  Films. 

WHAT  is  rpcognized  as  the  most  sweeping  decision  of 
recent  years,  affecting  the  right  to  manufacture  a  com- 
modity in  general  use,  and  one  handled  by  many  drug 
stores — that  relating  to  the  ownership  of  the  process  of  manu- 
facturing films  for  cameras — was  sustained  March  18  by  the 
United  States  Circuit  Court  of  Appeals,  Judge  Coxe  sitting. 
In  his  ruling  the  judge  said :  "After  the  almost  unprecedented 
delays  of  this  controversy  we  think  the  time  has  come  when  the 
complainant   is  entitled  to  prompt  and  adequate   relief." 

In  1887  the  Rev.  Hannibal  B.  Goodwin,  of  Newark,  N.  J., 
who  in  addition  to  his  clerical  labors  was  an  enthusiast  on  the 
subject  of  photography,  invented  the  gelatin  film  now  in  gene- 
ral use  with  cameras,  and  without  which  the  moving-picture 
business  would  be  impossible.  The  patent  on  the  process  was 
not,  however,  granted  until  1898.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Goodwin  died 
in  1901,  and  a  year  later  action  was  commenced  in  the  courts 
against  the  Eastman  Kodak  Co.  as  infringers.  It  was  not 
until  last  September,  however,  that  Judge  Hazel,  in  the  United 
States  District  Court  at  Buffalo,  handed  down  the  decision 
that  the  Eastman  company  had  been  infringing  on  the  Goodwin 
patent.  The  Eastman  company  then  asked  that  an  injunction 
restraining  them  from  manufacturing  and  selling  the  films  be 
suspended  for  four  months  on  the  ground  that  the  Eastman 
company  had  large  quantities  of  the  films  manufactured,  and 
some  in  process  of  manufacture,  which  they  wished  to  dispose 
of,  and  further  that  such  an  injunction  would  interfere  seriously 
with  the  business  of  photographers  throughout  the  United 
States,  as  the  "Eastman  company  alone  was  in  a  position  to 
furnish   the  necessary   supply." 

In  his  decision  Judge  Coxe  is  in  partial  agreement  with  the 
contentions  of  the  Eastman  company :  "Unquestionably  it  is 
for  the  interests  of  all,  the  public  included,  that  the  defendant 
should  be  permitted  to  complete  the  sales  contracts  and  obliga- 
tions now  outstanding  and  adjust  its  own  business  to  the 
changed  situation,  if  this  can  be  done  without  jeopardizing  the 
interests  of  the  complainant."  He,  therefore,  makes  special 
provisions  for  the  continuance  of  the  manufacture  and  sale  of 
films  by  the  Eastman  company,  but  only  on  the  condition  that 
this  company  furnishes  to  the  complainant  a  statement  of  its 
total  sales  of  the  infringing  films  made  since  the  handing  down 
of  the  decision  by  Judge  Hazel,  and  pays  the  complainant  20 
per  cent,  of  the  total  value  of  such  films.  The  litigation  was, 
however,  brought  to  an  end  March  27,  by  the  payment  of  a 
substantial  sum  by  tlie  Eastman  company  to  the  Goodwin 
interests.  All  damages,  claims,  costs,  etc.,  were  wiped  out, 
and  the  Eastman  company  was  given  the  right  to  work  under 
the  patent.  The  judgment  involved  is  understood  to  be  be- 
tween $5,000,000  and  $25,000,000. 

Millions  of  dollars  were  involved  in  the  final  accounting,  as 
it  is  13  years  and  two  months  since  the  inventor  died  in  pov- 
erty, after  the  granting  of  his  patent  had  been  fought  unsuc- 
cessfully for  years  by  the  Eastman  company.  When  the  suit 
was  entered  Mr.  Goodwin  was  not  able  financially  to  fight  it 
alone,  and  he  sold  part  of  his  rights  to  the  Ansco  company,  of 
Binghamton,  who  brought  a  separate  action.  Mr.  Goodwin's 
widow,  now  living  in  Newark,  has  a  small  interest  in  the 
company  now  owning  the  patent. 


LABOR  LAW  DOES  NOT  APPLY  TO  PHARMACISTS 


Frederick  Haas  Acquitted  on  Charge  That  He  Did 
Not  File  Certificate — Judges  Reverse  Tbemselves. 
Judges  Zeller,  Russell  and  O'Keefe  agreed  in  Special  Ses- 
sions on  March  25  with  the  contention  of  Charles  A.  Kalish, 
attorney  for  Frederick  Haas,  druggist,  conducting  stores  at  28 
West  38th  street  and  38  East  22d  street,  that  pharmacy  was  a 
profession  and  that  the  New  York  State  labor  law  was  not 
intended  to  apply  to  any  profession.  Mr.  Haas  was  charged 
with  having  failed  to  file  the  certificate  required  under  Section 
8A,  subdivision  3,  of  the  Labor  law.  Early  in  the  trial  the 
judges  stated  that  there  was  no  use  of  arguing  the  case  as  they 
had    already   made    up    their   minds    that    the    law    applied    to 


druggists.  Mr.  Haas's  attorney,  who  is  also  counsel  for  the 
German  Apothecaries'  Society,  insisted  upon  the  argument,  and 
the  judges  changed   their  view  and  acquitted  Mr.  Haas. 

Whether  the  above  decision  applies  to  all  employees  in  a 
drug  store  in  New  York  State  is  perhaps  an  open  question. 
It  would  seem  that  the  decision  applies  to  all  registered  phar- 
macists and  druggists.  How  the  State  Department  of  Labor 
will  take  the  decision  may  prove  of  vital  interest.  It  is  under- 
stood that  a  conference  of  Department  heads  will  be  held  in 
the  very  near  future  and  the  case  may  be  contested  in  a 
higher  court.  At  any  rate,  the  Department  may  continue  to 
prosecute  druggists  under  the  Labor  law. 


FRAWLEY-BOYLAN  BILLS   PASS   BOTH   HOUSES. 


Illegal    Sale    or    Possession    of    Cocaine    a    Felony    in 
This    State — Governor    Pushes    Boylan    Measure. 
As  the  Era  goes  to  press  the  New  York  State  Legislature 
has  adjourned,  having  taken  the  following  action  on  bills  per- 
taining to  pharmacy: 

Frawley,  making  illegal  possession  or  sale  of  cocaine,  heroin, 
etc.,  a  lelony,  instead  of  a  misdemeanor,  passed  both  houses 
and  sent  to  the  Governor  for  signature;  Boylan,  Board  of 
Health  special  narcotic  prescription  blank  measure,  passed 
both  houses;  Blauvelt  bichloride,  killed;  Walters,  placing  phar- 
macy back  under  pharmacy  law,  passed  both  houses.  Gover- 
nor Glynn  requested,  by  special  message,  the  passage  of  the 
Boylan  bill.  The  Walters  bill  went  through  with  an  amend- 
ment protecting  drug  clerks  against  avaricious  employers  in 
the  matter  of  alternate  Sundays  and  their  accustomed  half- 
days  off. 


Cherry  Melba   Sundae. 

The  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.,  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  requests 
us  to  call  particular  attention  of  the  soda-fountain  trade  to 
their  new  product,  Cherry  Melba  Sundae,  and  their  Special 
Cherry  Melba  offer  which  is  fully  covered  in  their  double- 
page  announcement  in  this  issue  of  the  Era.  They  claim  that 
this  Cherry  Melba  is  one  of  the  most  delicious  products  they 
have  ever  produced  and  the  reputation  of  this  house  for 
making  high-class  goods  gives  added  weight  to  their  statements. 
Soda-fountain  owners  looking  for  new  specialties  will  find  this 
worthy  of  their  attention. 


French   Medal  for   George   Hall,   of   Boston. 

For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  this  country  an  American 
has  been  honored  with  the  decoration  of  Chevalier  du  Merite 
Agricole  by  the  French  government.  It  was  voted  to  George 
Hall,  head  of  the  perfume  department  of  the  United  Drug  Co., 
by  the  French  Senate,  and  was  bestowed  March  23  by  M.  J.  C. 
Flamand,  the  French  consul  at  Boston. 


Brooklyn  C.P.  Alumni  Hold  Annual  Dinner  at  College 

The  Alumni  Association  of  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Phar- 
macy held  its  annual  dinner  at  the  college  building  March  26. 
Dr.  Stewart  L.  Walsh,  Ex-Assemblyman  George  W.  Wilson 
and  Ex-Senator  Dr.  George  W.  Brush,  all  old-time  friends  of 
the  institution,  were  the  principal  speakers. 


Manufacturing  Perfumers  to  Meet  at  Whitehall  Club. 

The  Manufacturing  Perfumers'  Association  of  the  United 
States  will  hold  its  annual  meeting  at  the  Whitehall  Club, 
April  1,  2  and  3. 


Startin's    Compound    Sulphur    Ointment. 

Sublimed    sulphur 8  ounces 

Ammoniated   mercury    J/^  ounce 

Red   sulphide    of   mercury J/^  ounce 

Rub  well  together,   then  add — 

Olive    oil    4  ounces 

Lard    1  pound 

Creosote    20  minims 

Mix  thoroughly.     Recommended  in  the  treatment  of  scabies, 
favus  and  ringworm. 


Riker-Hegeman  sales  in  January,  according  to  reports, 
showed  an  increase  of  20  per  cent,  over  the  same  month  a 
year  ago. 


190 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


Sharp  &  Dohme,  manufacturing  clieniists,  put  on  trial 
recently  in  the  United  States  Circuit  Court  in  Baltimore  on  the 
charge  of  misbranding  disinfecting  fluid,  secured  a  complete 
vindication.  Judge  Rose  took  the  case  from  the  jury  and 
exonerated  the  company  from  all  intention  of  wrong-doing. 
The  company  had  shipped  to  Augusta,  Ga.,  on  April  7,  1911, 
a  can  of  disinfecting  fluid  which,  according  to  the  label,  pos- 
sessed live  times  the  efficiency  of  pure  carbolic  acid  crystals. 
An  analysis  by  the  Government  chemists  showed,  it  is  said, 
that  the  fluid  was  only  2.125  times  as  strong,  the  can  being 
deemed  misbranded  under  the  provisions  of  the  Pure  Food  and 
Drugs  Act.  The  company,  on  its  part,  put  in  evidence  to  the 
effect  that  it  employed  Dr.  Standish  McCleary,  of  Baltimore, 
to  ascertain  the  strength  of  the  fluid  and  that  he  had  reported 
the  substance  to  be  four  and  a  quarter  times  the  strength  of 
carbolic  acid,  whereupon  the  efficiency  had  been  increased  to 
the  ratio  stated  on  the  label.  The  company  emphasized  the 
point  that  it  had  taken  every  means  ordinarily  available  to 
insure  accuracy,  and  that  it  had  no  reason  to  doubt  the  cor- 
rectness of  Dr.  McCleary's  analysis.  It  was  further  brought 
out  that  in  the  present  state  of  the  science  of  chemistry  similar 
errors  were  likely  to  occur.  Judge  Rose  thereupon  took  the 
case  from  the  jur>'. 

Whitall  Tattun  Co.  were  the  hosts  recently  when  the 
senior  class  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  made  its 
annual  trip  to  the  firm's  large  glass  works  at  Millville,  N.  J. 
The  class  left  Camden  in  a  special  train,  arriving  at  Millville, 
N.  J.,  about  10:15.  The  works  were  inspected  by  the  class 
in  sections  until  12 :  15  p.m.\  when  every  one  was  invited  to 
the  firm's  employees'  recreation  building,  where  a  sumptuous 
luncheon  had  been  prepared.  The  luncheon  over,  the  dean. 
Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington,  spoke  of  the  unusual  privilege 
which  the  Whitall  Tatum  Co.  had  given  the  class,  and  com- 
mented on  the  history  and  growth  of  the  firm,  to  which 
Mr.  Thorpe  responded  for  the  company.  Elwyn  T.  WTieeler, 
class  president,  expressed  the  appreciation  of  the  class,  after 
which  the  sections  again  proceeded  to  the  various  departments 
to  finish  the  inspection.  Every  department  of  the  immense 
works  was  shown  at  work  by  some  representative  of  the  com- 
pany. To  one  who  is  not  familiar  with  the  manufacture  of 
prescription  ware  and  chemical  apparatus,  such  a  trip  is 
indeed  a  treat  and  one  need  no  longer  wonder  why  the  drug- 
gist must  charge  his  customer  for  every   bottle  he  furnishes. 

Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  report  that  the  drug  trade  in  the 
Middle  West,  and  perhaps  other  sections,  is  being  visited  by 
salesmen  for  "the  Snyder-Wagner  Company,  of  Chicago,  III.," 
marketing  a  lozenge  in  a  10-cent  package  imder  the  name  of 
"Menthelin,"  who  represent  that  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  ?re  behind 
the  preparation  and  guarantee  it,  but  do  not  wish  it  known 
for  fear  of  criticisms  on  the  part  of  the  medical  profession. 
Efforts  to  locate  the  Snyder-Wagner  Company  in  Chicago  have 
proved  fruitless;  however,  few  druggists  should  be  taken  in  by 
representations  of  this  character,  which  all  should  know  are 
false.  Reports  also  often  come  of  medicine  peddlers  who 
offer  their  wares  direct  to  the  public,  on  the  street  comers, 
or  in  house-to-house  canvass,  and  who  use  Parke,  Davis  & 
Co.'s  name  in  support  of  the  therapeutic  claims  they  make  for 
their  nostrums.  These  may  invariably  be  set  down  as  swindlers 
of  the  first  water,  and  druggists  should  so  advise  their  cus- 
tomers. Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  assume  no  responsibility  for  any 
drug  not   sold   through  regular  drug-trade   channels. 

Goodfellowship  Club  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co — Recent 
issues  of  Detroit  newspapers  give  interesting  accounts  of  a 
minstrel  show,  staged  in  the  banquet  hall  of  the  Hotel  Tuller, 
in  the  city  mentioned,  in  which  the  Goodfellowship  Club  of 
Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  provided  the  talent.  The  performance, 
which  was  highly  praised,  was  attended  by  the  wives  and 
friends  of  the  club  members  and  was  followed  by  a  dance, 
about  300  persons  participating.  On  March  20  the  per- 
formance was  repeated  for  the  benefit  of  the  Detroit  Tuber- 
culosis Sanatorium  before  an  audience  that  filled  the  Light 
Guard  Armory.  There  are  140  members  of  the  Goodfellow- 
ship Club,  comprising  executives,  heads  of  departments  and 
their  assistants,  and  scientific  workers  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co. 
It   is  now  in   its  eighth  year  and  meets  once  in  three  months, 


when  a  dinner  is  always  a  feature.  In  the  Summer  the 
entertainments  commonly  take  the  form  of  outings.  The  club 
was  organized  with  a  view  to  bringing  closer  together  the 
men  in  positions  of  responsibility  at  the  laboratories — to  pro- 
mote   friendship   among   its   members. 

The  H.  W.  Johns-Manville  Co.,  because  of  the  neces- 
sity for  larger  space  and  better  facilities  to  handle  their  in- 
creased business,  have  been  compelled  to  seek  larger  quarters 
for  the  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  and  Louisville,  Ky.,  branches.  The 
new  address  of  the  Indianapolis  branch  is  408-410  North 
Capitol  avenue;  that  of  the  Louisville  branch,  659-661  So. 
Fourth  avenue.  Both  of  these  branches  will  include  ample 
warehouse  accommodations,  in  addition  to  show-rooms  for  the 
display  and  sale  of  this  firm's  varied  line  of  asbestos  roofing, 
pipe  coverings,  insulating  materials,  lighting  fixtures,  automo- 
bile accessories,  etc.  In  connection  with  the  last-named  line, 
unusual  pains  have  been  taken  in  the  equipment  of  service 
departments  for  the  benefit  of  the  customers  who  desire  speedy 
adjustments,  repairs  or  replacements. 

H.  K.  Mulford  Company's  employees  gave  their  third 
annual  entertainment  and  dance  at  Mercantile  Hall,  Philadel- 
phia, with  an  attendance  of  700,  including  officers,  executives, 
department  managers  and  invited  guests.  The  first  part  of  the 
entertainment  consisted  of  a  vaudeville  performance  by  selected 
talent  from  the  leading  Philadelphia  theaters,  after  which 
dancing  was  enjoyed  until  the  early  hours.  The  committees 
were  untiring  in  their  efforts  to  make  the  evening  a  brilliant 
success,  and  it  was  generally  agreed  that  the  occasion  had 
eclipsed  all  previous  affairs  of  a  similar  nature. 

F.  P.  Myzrantz,  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  will  add  another 
"popular-price"  drug  store  to  his  string  on  April  1.  The  new 
store  will  be  located  at  Popular  and  High  streets  and  will 
be  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  complete  of  the  Myzrantz 
stores.  This  will  make  the  fifth  store  in  this  chain.  One  is 
located  in  the  Harrison  building,  another  in  East  Main  street 
and   another   in   Mt.  Vernon   avenue. 

Dr.  Adolph  W.  Miller,  president  of  Aschenbach  & 
Miller,  Inc.,  Philadelphia,  has  arranged  for  a  trip  to  Europe 
in  June  where  he  will  study  the  European  ideas  on  medicine 
and  drugs  and  at  the  same  time  add  to  his  knowledge  in 
this  field.  At  their  factory,  at  400  North  Third  street,  Phila- 
delphia, they  are  working  full  time  and  expect  1914  to  be  the 
finest  year  in  the  history  of  the  company. 

Henry  0.  Hueg-el's  drug  store,  1468  South  Grant  ave- 
nue, St.  Louis,  which  is  also  Postoffice  Branch  No.  45,  was 
entered  and  robbed  during  the  night  of  March  10-11,  the 
thieves  getting  cash  from  the  store  register,  and  money  and 
stamps  belonging  to  the  Government.  A  larger  cash  register 
and  a  safe  containing   larger  sums  were  immolested. 

The  Lauer  Drug  Company  store  in  Central  avenue, 
Jersey  City,  was  destroyed  by  fire  recently.  The  fire  originated 
in  an  adjoining  building  and  the  flames  spread  with  such 
rapidity  that  the  firemen  had  to  exert  all  their  forces  to  keep 
the  flames  from  spreading  to  the  buildings  nearby.  The  exact 
loss  is  not   known. 

The  E.  H.  Bindley  &  Co.  fire  at  Indianapolis,  according 
to  the  latest  returns,  did  damage  amounting  to  $60,000.  It  is 
said  that  the  total  damage  will  exceed  $300,000,  as  a  number 
of  firms  were  burned  out  with  losses  ranging  from  a  few 
thousands  to  5100,000. 

The  Richardson  Drug  Co.,  of  Omaha,  Neb.,  at  its  annual 
meeting,  elected  the  following  officers  and  directors:  President, 
Charles  F.  Weller;  vice-president,  H.  S.  Weller;  treasurer, 
F.  C.  Patton;  secretary,  E.  P.  Ellis;  directors,  the  foregoing 
and  J.  W.  Fisher. 

The  French-Bauer  Company,  of  Cincinnati,  stockholders 
have  re-elected  the  members  of  the  directorate,  and  increased 
the  stock  dividend  rate  from  4  per  cent,  to  5  per  cent.  Frank 
E.  French  was  re-elected  president,  and  J.  J.  Smith,  secretary. 

The  Jaynes  Drug  Co.,  of  Boston,  has  elected  the  follow- 
ing officers:  President,  J.  S.  Alley;  vice-president,  Hugh 
Henr}-;  treasurer,  W.  J.  Norcross  (he  is  also  general  manager)  ; 
S.  S.  McCauley,  secretary. 

John  "Wyeth  &  Brother,  factory  11th  street  and  Wash- 
ington avenue,  Philadelphia,  is  undergoing  extensive  changes 
and  a  new  addition  is  being  built.  Increase  in  business  neces- 
sitated the  changes  now  being  made. 


April,  19l4j 


THE    i'HARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


191 


The  Seneca  Camera  Manufacturing  Co. 

HoTV  the  Biggest  "Independent"  Camera  Company  Insures 
Its  Quality  Products. 

i^fT^O  what  do  you  attribute  your  increase  in  business?" 
I  was  asked  Secretary  and  Treasurer  Fred  K.  Town- 
send,  of  the  Seneca  Camera  Manufacturing  Company, 
of  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

"We  sell  no  experiments,"  was  the  quick  reply.  "We  make 
no  mistakes  at  the  expense  of  the  buyer.  Seneca  cameras  are 
calculated  for  every  kind  of  use.  They  have  been  foremost  in 
mechanical  improvements  since  the  date  of  their  birth,  more 
than  15  years  ago,  and  that  is  why  people  like  them  and  will 
have  them. 

"There  is  another  reason  why  we  are  going  ahead  so  fast," 
continued  Mr.  Townsend.  "We  are  constantly  interesting  new 
dealers,  who  go  far  to  help  us.  We  try  to  do  business  fairly 
with  the  trade,  and  they  are  quick  to  appreciate  it.  We  have 
charged  the  same  price  to  all  al.ke." 

Given  a  quality  product,  and  there  is  no  combatting  such  a 
business  policy  as  this. 

The  Seneca  Camera  Manufacturing  Company  is  one  of  the 
oldest  established  independent  companies  in  the  camera  busi- 
ness, with  an  immense,  deparlmentized  plant  in  State  street 
("Camera  Row"),  Rochester.  Machine  shop,  stamping,  polish- 
ing   and    nickel-pl:.ting    rooms,    woodworkinR    department,    as- 


1 

-■■ 

^i. 

1 

%. 

^' 

*" 

The  Seneca  Camera  ilfg.  Co.  Building  at  tlie  Beginning  oi 
"Camera  Row,"  Rochester,  N.    V. 

sembling,  testing  and  experimental  departments  are  all  housed 
under  the  one  roof  in  the  modern  factory  building.  The  work 
begins  with  the  raw  material,  and,  as  the  market  does  not 
offer  the  quality  desired  for  the  perfected  product,  the  company 
treats  its  own  lumber,  leather  and  brass,  after  exhaustive  tests 
of  the  original  material.  In  fact,  the  experimentation  and  the 
testing  departments  of  the  plant  are  among  the  most  fascinating 
to  the  visitor,  as  well  as  being  among  the  most  important  to 
the  company,  because  of  the  data  thus  made  available  for  the 
perfection  of  any  one  of  the  various  types  of  cameras  made 
by   this  concern. 

Seneca  cameras  are  built  in  a  wide  variety  of  styles,  incorpo- 
rating every  advanced  idea  of  equipment,  and  all  are  of  the 
one  quality.  After  experimentation  the  company's  experts  have 
found  the  type  of  camera  best  fitted  for  a  class  of  work,  and 
have  made  it ;  the  question  of  cost  of  such  work  has  been 
subordinated  to  the  perfection  of  the  work  itself.  The  variety 
includes  roll  film,  film  pack  and  plate  cameras  of  the  highest 
type,  suitable  alike  for  the  professional  and  for  the  amateur, 
and  each  one  is  backed  by  the  company's  "money-back" 
guarantee. 

The  Seneca  company  has  just  inaugurated  a  National  adver- 
tising campaign  addressed  to  the  consumer,  to  the  man,  woman 
or  youngster  who  releases  the  shutter,  and  who  turns  to  the 
druggist  for  films  and  supplies,  and  for  printing  and  develop- 
ing.    To  these  druggists  the  company  is  now  offering  complete 


outfits,  ranging  in  price  from  $50  upwards,  upon  which  a 
handsome  profit  can  be  made,  and  with  the  further  advantage 
that  Seneca  agencies  have  been  found  good  trade-pullers  for 
the  other  departments  of  the  store.  A  Seneca  agency  means 
something — it    has    the    reputation    of    nearly    20    yfar<;    nf    con- 


Finishing  Camera  Bellows  at  the  Seneca  Camera  Mjg.  Co. 

scientious  manufacturing  history  back  of  it,  and  the  producing 
power  of  a  modem  plant  which  turned  out  last  year  no  less 
than  300,000  complete  cameras.  That  this  was  an  increase 
of  40  per  cent,  over  the  output  of  the  previous  year  is  indi- 
cative of  the  growing  recognition  of  the  quality  of  the  products 
bearing  the  Indian  girl  head  trade-mark  of  the  Seneca  company. 

Mr.  Joseph  Goddard,  president  of  the  company,  has  entire 
charge  of  the  manufacturing  side  of  the  business.  He  is,  per- 
haps, the  most  experienced  authority  on  camera-making  and 
assembling  in  this  country,  as  he  has  devoted  a  lifetime  to  the 
intricacies  of  this  great  business,  and  he  is  enthusiastic  over 
the  prospects  for  the  immediate  future.  For  his  company  he 
reports  that  although  its  export  business  is  very  large,  by 
working  at  capacity  during  the  Winter  a  stock  has  been 
accumulated  which  enables  it  to  make  prompt  shipments.  The 
inquiries  for  information  and  prices  were  never  so  great  as 
now,  and  the  new  National  publicity  campaign  will  serve  more 
than  ever  to  couple  the  agencies  with  the  consumer. 

Any  druggist  who  is  interested  in  the  question  of  adding  a 
camera  and  supply  department  should  send  for  the  14th  edition 
of   the   Seneca   Camera    Company's   Catalogue  Textbook,   which 


?^^ 


In  the  P.atc-Holdcr  Division  oj  the  Seneca  Camera  Mfg.  Co. 

will  be  sent  him  at  once.  It  is  filled  from  cover  to  cover  with 
just  the  sort  of  information  he  should  have  at  hand  about 
everything  connected  with  a  camera  and  photographic  depart- 
ment. 


192 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


FOOD    LAW    IKRITATES    FOREIGN    HOUSES. 


M.   M.    Sterling,    of   Fougrera   &    Co..    Asserts   Foreign 
Concerns  Comply  Reluctantly  With  Provisions. 

iffT^HE  trouble  to  which  we  have  been  put  to  persuade 
I  foreign  manufacturers  of  pharmaceutical  preparations 
to  comply  with  the  strict  regulations  of  the  Food  and 
Drugs  Act  cannot  very  well  be  estimated,"  asserted  M.  M. 
Sterling,  secretary-treasurer  of  E.  Fougera  &  Co.,  90  Beekman 
street,  this  city,  in  a  recent  interview  with  an  Era  representa- 
tive. E.  Fougera  &  Co.  have  been  specializing  in  the  importa- 
tion of  French  and  English  pharmaceutical  preparations  since 
1S49,  and  during  this  period  the  business  has  increased  until 
now  they  are  handling  about  3500  different  preparations.  In 
his  official  connection  with  this  company,  perhaps  few  men  in 
this  country  are  better  qualified  tlian  Mr.  Sterling  to  report 
the  effect  of  the  Pure  Food  law  on  tlie  importation  of  this 
class  of  goods. 

"Are  foreign  pharmaceutical  manufacturers  reluctant  to 
comply  with  the  Pure  Food  law?"  the  Era  representative 
asked. 

"Since  the  inception  of  the  act  a  great  number  of  these 
ir.anu 'acturcrs  have  objected  very  seriously  to  changing  their 
labels,  literature,  etc.  In  fact,  at  this  late  date  they  are  still 
objecting  to  it  and  state  that  they  will  simply  lose  the  business 
rather  than  go  to  the  trouble  to  change  everything.  In  some 
cases,  where  the  litigation  has  been  decided  adversely  to  them, 
the  decisions  have  been  open  to  a  great  deal  of  reasonable 
doubt.  Where  the  language  of  the  regulation  is  somewhat 
involved,  they  have  declined  to  comply  with  it  not  only  as  a 
matter  of  pride,  but  because  the  interpretation  was  considered 
rather  unfair. 

".All  this,"  continued  Mr.  Sterling,  "has,  of  course,  brought 
about  the  situation  that  there  are  always  a  certain  number  of 
preparations  which  it  is  beyond  our  power  to  supply  the  trade 
with.  .■Mthough  the  amount  of  these  'outs'  at  times  seem  large 
it  is  only  a  very  small  percentage  of  the  total  items  we  handle. 
We  are  pleased  to  say,  however,  that  after  using  the  utmost 
diplomacy  we  have  succeeded  in  convincing  some  of  these 
foreign  manufacturers  that  they  are  looking  at  the  question 
from  the  wrong  standpoint.  We  hope  ultimately  to  win  them 
all  over  and  are  working  constantly  to  this  end.  In  spite  of 
the  difficulties  we  have  experienced  in  entering  goods  into  this 
country  since  the  passage  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  .4ct,  our 
business  has  steadily  increased  and  we  are  most  gratified  with 
our  year  of  1913,  which  was  the  largest  in  our  history." 

It  is  interesting  to  observe  that  E.  Fougera  &  Co.  enjoy  the 
unique  distinction  of  having  conducted  their  business  for  64 
years  without  ever  being  obliged  to  borrow  one  cent  from  their 
bank. 

A  study  of  E.  Fougera's  catalogue  presents  an  interesting 
perspective  on  the  extensive  line  of  foreign  goods  for  which 
this  company  are  the  e.xclusive  American  agents.  The  names 
of  many  of  these  have  been  familiar  to  the  druggists  of  this 
country  for  several  decades  and  will  be  recognized  immediately. 
Among  the  best -known  are : 

French  Preparations. 
Adrian's  preparations. 
Astier's  preparations. 

Aubergier's  pastilles  and  syrup  of  lactucarium. 
Bengue's  ampoules  cacodylate  soda,  etc. 
Blancard's  pills  and  syrup  iodide  of  iron. 
Blaud's  pills  carbonate  of  iron. 
Boudault's  pepsin  in  various  forms. 
Ch.  Chanteaud's  dosimetric  granules. 
Chapoteaut's   pharmaceutical   specialties,    including   the   Paraf- 

Javal   preparations  of  strontium. 
Clin's  sterilized  ampoules  and  other  preparations. 
Declat's  preparations  of  carbolic  acid. 
Delluc's  pharmaceutical  specialties,  cologne  water,  etc. 
Ducro's  alimentary  elixir. 
Fastet's  foot  powder. 
Fraisse's  ampoules  and  preparations. 
Grillon's  Tamar  Indien. 
Laroche's  elixirs  of  quina. 
Laville's  liquor. 

Mathey  Caylus's  capsules  gluten  coated. 
Midy's  ampoules,  cachets,  capsules,  tablets,  etc. 
Pelletier's  specialties. 


Prat-Dumas  &  Co.'s  French  filter  paper. 
Robin's  preparations. 

English  Preparations. 
.Vshton   &  Parson's  preparations. 
Benger's  food. 

Brand  &  Co.'s  beef,  chicken  and  mutton  essences. 
Browne's  Chlorodyne. 
Condy's  Fluid. 
De  Sanctis's  pills. 
Eade's  pills. 

Elliman's  Royal  and  Universal  embrocations. 
Eno's  Fruit   Salt  and  other  specialties. 
Huxley's  preparations. 
John  Gosnell  &  Co.'s  toilet  preparations. 
John  Hooper's  pills. 

Morson's  chlorodyne,  beechwood  creosote,  etc. 
Reynold's  specific. 
Roche's  embrocation. 
Savory  &  Moore's  preparations. 
Wright's  Liquor   Carbonis   Detergens,   coal   tar   soap,   etc. 


The   Original  Castoria. 

The  Koreno  Remedy  Co.,  of  Philadelphia,  is  manufacturing 
a  brand  of  Castoria  which  they  claim  is  made  from  the  original 
formula  of  Dr.  Samuel  Pitcher,  and  J.  E.  Burt,  the  proprietor, 
has  this  to  say  in  regard  to  his  preparation : 

"Castoria  was  patented  by  Dr.  Samuel  Pitcher,  of  Barnstable, 
Mass.,  on  May  12,  1868.  The  patent  expired  several  years 
ago  and  the  courts  have  decided  that  both  the  formula  for  the 
preparation  and  the  name  'Castoria'  have  become  public  prop- 
erty by  the  expiration  of  the  patent.  A  patentee  is  given  a 
monopoly  on  his  invention  for  a  certain  length  of  time  to 
reimburse  him  for  the  good  that  he  does  the  public  at  large. 

"Our  company  is  putting  up  a  brand  of  Castoria  with  the 
fac-simile  of  J.  E.  Burt,  which  is  made  from  the  original 
formula  of  Dr.  Samuel  Pitcher.  We  make  no  other  claims  for 
it  except  that  it  pays  the  druggists  a  much  more  liberal  profit 
than  does  the  so-called  Fletcher  brand  of  Castoria  made  by 
the  Centaur  Co. 

"Around  our  bottle  we  make  a  full  explanation  of  the  cir- 
cumstances so  that  the  customer  is  not  deceived.  Our  prepara- 
tion has  been  on  the  market  for  a  number  of  years,  it  gives 
satisfaction  and  is  being  handled  by  many  druggists.  There  is 
no  attempt  on  our  part  to  work  it  off  on  the  unsuspecting 
public  as  the  Fletcher  brand,  but  we  have  just  as  much  right 
to  make  this  preparation  as  has  the  manufacturer  of  any 
patented  article  to  make  it  after  the  patent  has  expired. 

"The  patentee  is  supposed  to  have  made  his  profit  while  the 
patent  was  in  force,  and  now  that  this  formula  has  become 
public  property,  there  is  no  good  reason  why  the  monopoly 
should  be  continued;  on  the  contrary,  the  public  should  have 
the  advantage  of  the  lower  and  competitive  prices,  as  intended 
by  our  patent  laws." 


SPECIALTY  HOUSE  HOLDS  ONE  SITE  46  YEARS. 


One  of  the  oldest  specialty  manufacturing  houses — there  is 
hardly  a  place  in  this  country  where  its  preparations  are  not 
known — is  the  Wright's  Indian  Vegetable  Pill  Company,  372 
Pearl  street,  New  York  City.  This  house  was  founded  in  1837 
by  Dr.  William  Wright,  of  Philadelphia,  who,  incidentally, 
was  also  founder  of  an  institution  called  the  North  American 
College  of  Health.  Wright's  Indian  Vegetable  Pills,  which 
the  company  advocates  as  an  effective  remedy  for  disorders  of 
the  stomach,  the  liver  and  the  bowels,  are  still  compounded 
from  the  original  formula  first  used  more  than  75  years  ago, 
and  are  in  extensive  use,  despite  the  discoveries  in  synthetics 
during  the  recent  years. 

The  present  manufacturers  of  Wright's  Indian  Vegetable 
Pills  are  the  successors  to  the  originator  both  by  family  rela- 
tion and  descent.  The  company's  factory  w-as  originally  in 
Philadelphia,  but  it  was  later  moved,  in  1868,  to  Brooklyn,  and 
the  firm  finally  located  at  372  Pearl  street,  where  it  has  been 
since.  It  is  interesting  to  note  that  manufacturers  of  specialties 
were  troubled  as  much  by  imitators  and  counterfeiters  in  1837 
as  they  are  today.  In  1844,  seven  years  after  his  departure  into 
business.  Dr.  Wright  was  obliged  to  trade-mark  his  name  and 
literature. 

The  Wright's  Indian  Vegetable  Pill  Company,  in  addition 
to  their  well-known  pills,  manufacture  Dr.  Peery's  "Dead  Shot" 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


193 


Vermifuge,  the  Grossman  Mixture  and  Roman  Eye  Balsam. 
The  manufacturers  are  at  present  making  a  special  offer  of 
one  box  of  pills,  free,  to  the  druggist  who  orders  one  dozen 
boxes  in  their  special  counter  display  container. 


national  advertising  of  Diamond  Dyes,  which  is  always  heaviest 
in  the  Spring,  will  surely  send  a  flood  of  Diamond  Dye  dimes 
into   drug  stores   everywhere. 


REINSCHILD    CHEMICAL    CO.    TO    MOVE    MAY    1. 


The  Reinschild  Chemical  Company,  now  located  at  91 
Barclay  street,  Will  move  to  more  commodious  quarters  at  47-49 
Barclay  street  on  Way  1.  The  doubly  increased  floor-space 
at  this  new  address  will  permit  the  company  to  enlarge  upon 
the  scope  of  its  activities  and  to  better  re:.p  the  fruits  of  its 
ethically  conducted  campaign  of  the  past  three  or  four  years 
on  "Regulin"  and  other  agar-agar  preparations.  This  house 
has  been  established  for  a  period  of  more  than  40  years,  and 
Carl  Reinschild,  president  of  the  Reinschild  Chemical  Company, 
realizing  that  the  business  has  grown  larger  than  its  present 
quarters  could  comfortably  accommodate,  decided  upon  the 
change  above  reported. 

This  company  controls  the  output  in  this  country  of  the 
Helfenberg  Chemical  Works  of  Germany,  established  in  1869 
by  the  distinguished  hugen  Dieterich,  and  well  known  to  every 
American  and  European  pharmacist;  it  is  also  the  sole  rep- 
resentative of  Professor  Dr.  Ad.  Schmidt  for  the  United  States 
and  Canada.  It  is  the  sole  agent  in  this  country  for  Dieterich's 
liquid  iron  and  iron-manganese  preparations,  Dieterich's  dried 
irons:  an  extensive  list  of  dermatological  plasters,  plasters  in 
mass,  in  sticks  and  spread,  mustard  plasters,  breast  plasters, 
etc. ;  reagent  or  test  papers ;  "Regulin,"  in  tablet  and  shredded 
form;  Dieterich's  tapeworm  remedy,  effervescent  oils,  solid 
extracts,  malt  preparations,  etc. 


Fastep  Foot  Powder. 

There  are  many  so-called  foot  powders  that  claim  to  "put 

you  on  your  feet,"  but 
Fastep  Foot  Powder 
is  the  one  powder 
that  will  "keep  you 
on  your  feet." 

"Fastep"  is  a  scien- 
tific preparation,  a 
splendid  antiseptic 
and  deodorant  and 
keeps  the  feet  in  a 
healthy  condition,  be- 
sides giving  great  re- 
lief to  those  who  suf- 
fer from  actual  com- 
plaints. 

Packed  in  a  hand- 
some, large  can  which 
retails  for  25  cents 
and  gives  the  drug- 
gist a  liberal  profit. 

The  above  is  taken 

from  a  circular  issued 

by  E.  Fougera  &  Co., 

90    Beekman    street.    New    York,    who    are    sole    agents    for 

"Fastep"   and   want   every   druggist   to   write   them   for   a    free 

sample  and  trade  prices.     Mention  the  Era. 


Movie  Star  Adonis  Diamond  Dye  Calendai-. 
The  Wells  &  Richardson  Company,  of  Burlington,  Vt., 
manufacturers  of  Diamond  Dyes,  are  now  preparing  their 
1915  Diamond  Dye  Calendar,  which  will  bear  an  artistic, 
especially  posed  portrait  in  colors  of  Miss  Lillian  Walker, 
the  widely-known  motion  picture  star.  Miss  Walker's  beauty 
and  great  popularity  are  sure  to  make  the  Diamond  Dye 
Calendar  much  sought  after.  The  calendar  for  this  year — 
1914 — is  decorated  by  the  picture  of  an  equally  popular 
"movie"  heroine,  Miss  Alice  Joyce.  The  choice  of  Miss  Joyce 
as  the  1914  Diamond  Dye  girl  was  appropriate  as  she  is 
herself  a  clever  home  dyer.  An  article — of  which  she  is 
author — published  in  the  March  issue  of  The  Ladies'  World, 
tells  how  she  created  a  new  gown  by  dyeing  the  collar  and 
vest  of  an  old  dress.  Each  year  an  increasing  number  of 
women  remake  their  clothes  with  the  aid  of  Diamond  Dyes. 
They  find  that  a  fresh,  new  color  and  a  few  alterations,  with 
a  bit  of  new  trinmaing  here  and  there  makes  an  old  gown, 
or  suit,  as  stylish  and  satisfying  as  a  new  one.     The  per=i»tent. 


New  Serobacterin  Products  Now  Keady. 
Great  advances  have  been  made  in  our  knowledge  of  bac- 
terial therapy  within  the  last  few  years,  and  some  real  informa- 
tion on  this  important  subject,  and  particularly  the  advantages 
of  the  Serobacterins,  are  set  forth  in  the  advertisement  of  the 
H.  K.  Mulford  Company,  which  appears  elsewhere  in  this  issue 
of  the  Era.  As  there  defined,  Serobacterins  are  suspensions 
of  bacteria  "sensitized"  by  treatment  with  specific  immune  serum, 
and  among  the  advantages  claimed  for  their  use  are  that  they  do 
not  cause  opsonic  nor  clinical  negative  phase;  they  produce 
immediate  active  immunity  that  is  highly  efficient  and  durable, 
this  action  making  them  invaluable  in  treatment  and  preven- 
tive immunization,  a  factor  of  great  importance  in  controlling 
or  preventing  epidemics.  Serobacterins  also  cause  no  local  or 
general  reactions,  such  as  those  that  constitute  the  principal 
undesirable  feature  of  the  bacterial  vaccines.  In  addition 
to  the  Serobacterins  named  in  the  advertisement  referred  to 
above,  the  following  are  now  offered  and  are  also  supplied  in 
the  popular  Mulford  Aseptic  Glass  Bacterin  Syringe,  ready 
for  instant  use:  Coli-Serobacterin  (Sensitized  Coli  Vaccine); 
Pneumo-Serobacterin  (Sensitized  Pneumococcic  Vaccine),  and 
Strepto-Pneumo-Bacterin  (Sensitized  Strepto-Pneumo  Vaccine). 
For  a  complete  review  of  the  literature  on  Serobacterins  drug- 
gists should  consult  the  Mulford  Digest   for  December,   1913, 


ihs'--' 


Automassage   Shaving  Brush. 

The  Leopold  Ascher  Co.,  118  Chambers  street.  New  York, 
has  brought  out  an  improvement  upon 
shaving  brushes  which  consists  of  a  clus- 
ter of  rubber  fingers  vulcanized  in  the 
center  of  the  bristles  of  a  brush  of  ordi- 
nary size.  The  "Automassage  Brush,"  it 
is  claimed,  softens  the  beard  better  than 
can  be  done  by  any  other  method ;  saves 
time  by  applying  and  rubbing  in  the 
lather  in  one  operation,  and  gives  an 
invigorating  massage  with  every  shave. 
It  is  sanitary  and  clean  because  it  is 
unnecessary  to  use  the  hands  to  rub  in 
the  lather.  Brushes  are  "Centuryset" 
in  rubber,  are  made  in  two  grades  and 
guaranteed  in  every  respect.  Each 
brush  is  sterilized,  packed  individually 
in  a  sanitary  sealed  box,  assuring  the 
consumer  a  brush,  which  has  not  been 
tried  on  numerous  prospective  cus- 
tomers before  he  purchased  it.     They  retail  at  popular  prices. 


Buying  Soda  Fountains  Through  the  Jobber. 

In  their  advertisement  in  this  issue  the  Fountain  Specialty 
Company,  of  Grand  Haven,  Mich.,  tell  why  it  is  a  money- 
saving  proposition  for  the  purchaser  of  a  soda  fountain  to 
deal  with  the  jobber,  citing  the  elimination  of  selling  expenses, 
and  the  cost  of  maintaining  sales,  credit  and  collection  de- 
partments with  large  salaiy  lists,  and  thus  saving  money  for 
the  buyer,  since  the  saving  either  goes  into  the  quality  of  the 
product  or  comes  out  of  the  selling  price.  This  saving  of 
"overhead"  charges  makes  it  possible  for  the  manufacturer  who 
distributes  exclusively  through  jobbers  to  market  his  product 
at  a  lower  rate  than  that  obtained  by  competitors  for  the  same 
quality  apparatus.  The  Fountain  Specialty  Company,  who 
are  the  makers  of  the  "Guarantee  Iceless"  fountains,  have 
distributors  and  show-rooms  in  most  of  the  principal  cities. 
Any  druggist  thinking  of  purchasing  a  new  fountain  can 
obtain  a  book  of  fountains  and  the  name  of  the  nearest  dis- 
tributor by  writing  for  it.  Three  advertising  pages  of  this 
issue  are  devoted  to  the  Fountain  Specialty  Co.,  and  one  of  its 
distributors,  the  Hessig-Ellis  Drug  Co.,  of  Jlemphis,  Tenn., 
and  further  details  of  the  fountains,  etc.,  can  be  obtained  from 
these  advertisements. 


Lilly  Given  Full  Bights. 

On    Feb.    16   a    decree   was    entered    by   the    United    States 

Court  for  the   Eastern  District  of  Pennsylvania  in  the  case  of 

Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  of  Indianapolis,  against  the  Diamond  Phar- 

macal   Company,  of  Philadelphia,  which  had   been  making  and 


194 


THE    I'llAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  191-i 


selling  diamond  sliape  bichloride  tablets  in  imitation  of  Lilly's 
Diamond  antiseptics.  The  court  decreed  that  Eli  Lilly  &  Co. 
is  entitled  to  the  exclusive  use  of  the  name  "Diamond"  as  a 
trade-mark  for  antiseptic  tablets;  the  exclusive  use  o:  the  rep- 
resentation of  a  diamond-sh;iped  ligure  as  a  trade-mark  for 
antiseptic  tablets;  and  the  exclusive  right  to  the  conventional 
shape  of  a  diamond  as  a  shape  for  its  antiseptic  tablets.  It 
was  further  decreed  that  the  use  by  the  defendants  of  the 
word  "Diamond,"  or  the  representation  of  a  diamond-shaped 
figure  or  symbol  as  in  any  manner  indicating  or  designating 
antiseptic  tablets,  is  a  violation  of  complainnnt's  rights.  A 
perpetual  injunction  was  issued  confirming  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.'s 
exclusive  use  of  the  name  "Diamond,"  the  conventional  figure 
of  a  diamond,  and  the  riglit  to  manufacture,  sell  or  otherwise 
distribute  antiseptic  tablets  of  this  shape  and  by  the  designa- 
tion "Diamond." 


Moving  Picture  Advertising-. 
Moving-picture  slides  are  selling-helps  that  are  becoming 
very  popular  with  the  druggist,  since  in  most  towns  moving- 
picture  slides  have  not  been  overworked,  as  yet.  It  will  be 
a  long  time  before  they  are,  and  they  solve  to  perfection  the 
difficulties  of  the  druggist  who  would  advertise  effectively  but 
inexpensively.  By  showing  only  in  near-by  parlors,  the  adver- 
tising is  automatically  restricted  to  possible  purchasers,  and 
many  manufacturers  of  toilet  and  proprietary  goods  are  sup- 
p'ying  excellent  slides,  with  the  druggist's  imprint,  free  of 
charge.  One  of  the  best  slides  recently  offered  is  that  of 
Resinol  Ointment  and  Resinol  Soap.  It  is  very  striking  in 
design  and  coloring  and  druggists  who  have  used  it  report 
that  it  is  most  success!^ul  in  stimulating  general  trade,  as  well 
as  the  demand  for  the  Resinol  preparations.  This  slide  is 
especially  effective  because  the  druggist's  name  is  filled  in  so 
as  to  be  an  integral  and  prominent  part  of  the  display.  A 
request  to  the  Resinol  Chemical  Co.,  Baltimore,  Md.,  will 
bring  one  promptly. 


How  to  Sell  Pens. 
The  Esterbrook  Pen  Mfg.  Co.  are  displaying  in  an  adver- 
tisement in  this  issue  several  counter-d'splay  cases  with  varied 
assortments  of  pens  in  common  demand,  giving  the  number  of 
pens  in  the  assortment,  complete  illustrated  descriptions  of  the 
assortments,  their  price,  and  the  amount  of  profit  to  be  ob- 
tained by  the  retailer.  In  addition  to  this  they  are  showing 
replicas  of  the  sales  helps  they  are  furnishing  to  handlers  of 
their  goods,  hangers,  show  cards,  envelopes,  etc.,  as  well  as  a 
reproduction  of  a  full-page  advertisement  now  running  in 
publications  of  National  circulation.  Druggists  handling  these 
pens,  and  who  are  not  supplied  with  the  sales  material,  should 
send  at  once  for  these  free  aids  to  profit.  Samples  of  pens 
will  be  sent  to  druggists  who  are  not  as  yet  handling  this 
standard  pen.  See  the  advertisement  for  further  details,  as 
the  statement  of  what  the  druggist  can  do  to  develop  his  pen 
business  is  very  clear  and  comprehensive.  Mention  the  Era 
when  writing  for  samples  or  literature. 


Cultivate  Your  Local  Dentists. 
In  catering  to  the  needs  of  the  dental  profession  the  drug- 
gist will  find  a  productive  and  remunerative  field.  Then  why 
not  sell  the  dentist  many  of  his  requirements?  Eli  Lilly 
&  Co.  manufacture  a  line  of  preparations  that  will  appeal  to 
all  dentists  as  answering  most,  if  not  all,  dental  requirements, 
and  as  manufacturers  they  co-operate  with  the  retail  druggist 
in  supplying  these  products  to  the  dental  profession.  T!ie 
Lilly  Dental  Preparations  are  made  under  the  authority  and 
after  the  formulas  of  J..  P.  Buckley,  Ph.G.,  D.D.S.,  professor 
of  materia  medica,  pharmacology  and  therapeutics  of  the 
Chicago  College  of  Dental  Surgery,  a  well-known  authority. 
A  handsomely  illustrated  catalogue  of  products  and  formulas 
of  special  interest  to  the  dental  profession  is  supplied  by  the 
Lilly  Company,  and  a  copy  of  this  book  placed  in  the  hands 
of  dentist  customers  by  the  druggist,  with  the  further  informa- 
tion that  the  druggist  is  prepared  to  supply  these  goods,  is  sure 
to  develop  new  and  profitable  business. 


The    Tak-a-way   Headache    Bandage. 

The  V.'ilford  Hall  Laboratories  have  started  a  National 
advertising  campaign  on  Hall's  "Tak-a-way"  Headache 
Bandage.  This  article  is  in  the  form  of  moist  antiseptic 
gauze,  and  relieves  headache  by  outward  application,  thereby 
doing    away    with    the    chance    of    injury    by    heart-depressing 


powders,  etc.  .-Vdolph  Bakst,  general  representative  of  Wilford 
Hall  Laboratories,  has  just  returned  to  Chicago  from  his 
semi-annual  Southern  trip,  and  he  reports  that  the  trade  there 
is  convinced  that  the  country  is  on  the  eve  of  a  big  boom. 
The  Laboratories  have  just  completed  another  addition  to 
their  plant  at  Port  Chester,  N.  Y.  This  business  is  growing 
so  rapidly  that  this  is  the  second  addition  they  have  been 
compelled  to  add  to  their  manufacturing  space  during  the 
past  six  months. 


Zinc  Stearate  in  Sprinkler  Top  Cans. 
The  Zinc  Stearate  manufactured  and  put  up  by  the  Mal- 
1  nckrodt  Chemical  Works  has  gained  unusual  prominence 
with  the  medical  profession  as  well  as  the  lai'y  because  it  is 
properly  made  and  represents  the  highest  degree  of  purity. 
It  may,  therefore,  be  used  with  impunity  upon  open  sores, 
abrasions,  etc.,  where  an  impure  product  might  prove  harm- 
ful. It  is  supplied  in  "M.C.W."  Sprinkler-Top  Cans  which 
have  become  very  popular,  rs  they  afford  a  very  convenient 
and  economical  method  of  applying  the  powder  either  for 
toilet  or  medicinal  purposes.  All  wholesale  druggists  can 
supply  the  "M.C.W."  brand,  which  is  an  attractive  specialty 
and   possesses  distinct   merit.     Try   it. 


ITsoline    Oil,    Medicinal. 

The  Oil  Products  Co.,  Inc.,  are  calling  attention  in  our 
advertising  pages  to  their  Usoline  Oil,  medicinal,  which  was 
originated  to  cover  the  theory  of  internal  lubrication  and  to 
meet  all  demands  for  liquid  petrolatum,  Russian  mineral  oil, 
etc.  It  is  tasteless,  odorless  and  colorless.  The  company  has 
a  co-operative  plan  which  has  been  found  profitable  by  drug- 
gists, full  details  of  which  will  be  sent  on  request  to  Era 
readers.  Druggists  are  also  requested  to  write  for  information 
as  to  the  use  of  Russian  white  mineral  oil  as  a  cream  base, 
also  stearate  of  zinc,  U.S. P.,  in  bulk  or  in  1-ounce  sifting 
top   cans. 


Have  You  Stocked   the   Q-Ban  Line? 

The  Hessig-EUis  Drug  Co.,  of  Memphis,  have  a  proposition 
that  should  interest  every  druggist  who  wishes  a  hair  dye, 
which  is  not  sticky,  greasy  nor  destructive.  Q-Ban  will  not 
stain  the  scalp,  but  is  a  clean,  refreshing  treatment  for  both 
hair  and  scalp.  Druggists  interested  in  a  satisfactory  product 
and  a  good  profit  are  requested  to  write  to  the  Hessig-EUis 
Drug  Co.,  mentioning  the  Era,  for  the  Q-Ban  proposition 
and  for  a  book  of  illustrated  lectures  on  "Hair  Culture"  by 
a  specialist.  This  book  will  be  furnished  free  for  distribution 
to  a  selected  list  of  a  druggist's  customers. 


A  Dog  Biscuit  in  Heavy  Demand. 

The  leading  publications  devoted  to  dogs,  as  well  as  mediums 
of  general  circulation,  are  being  employed  to  advertise  the 
Champion  Dog  Biscuit,  a  biscuit  fed  by  the  leading  dog  fan- 
ciers of  the  country.  Druggists  can  very  well  handle  this  line, 
as  the  advertising  sends  the  customers  to  the  stores  carrying 
this  variety  of  food.  A  folder  containing  full  details  of  the 
offer  of  the  Champion  Dog  Food  Co.,  with  a  special  message 
and  proposition  to  druggists,  will  be  sent  on  request  to  any 
druggist  mentioning  the  Era.  See  advertisement  for  further 
details. 


Thialion,   TTric   Acid   Solvent. 

Druggists  who  have  handled  Thialion,  the  uric  acid  solvent, 
for  many  years  have  reported  much  larger  sales  of  thij  stand- 
ard proprietary  since  it  was  put  out  by  the  manufacturers,  the 
Vass  Chemical  Co.,  of  Danbury,  Conn.,  in  its  new  8-ounce 
size.  This  product  has  been  used  for  years  in  the  treatment 
of  rheumatism,  and  it  is  claimed  to  act  surely  and  quickly. 
The  Vass  Chemical  Co.  are  offering  a  special  proposition  to 
druggists,  details  of  which  will  be  sent  to  anyone  mentioning 
the   Era. 


High-Grade  Drug  Store  Outfits. 

I.  Schuman,  New  York  City,  is  the  maker  of  store  fronts, 
store  and  office  fixtures,  etc.,  with  factory  and  salesrooms  in 
this  city.  He  specializes  in  high-grade  drug-store  outfits  at 
prices  to  suit  the  individual  taste  and  purse,  and  will  be  glad 
to  give  estimates  and  further  information  as  to  styles,  prices 
and  materials  upon  application.  See  his  advertisement  else- 
where in  this  issue  for  details. 


April,  191-1] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


195 


TOOTH  BRUSH. 


THIS  device,  the  invention  of  Fritz  Reichmann,  Albany, 
N.  Y.  (Patent  No.  1,090,126),  is  a  toothbrush  which 
comprises  a  handle  and  a  plurality  of  knots  of  bristles 
rotatively  mounted  upon  the  side  of  the  handle  upon  axes 
extending  longitudinally  o'.  the  respective  bristles  and  arranged 


^ 


^ftlf^ 


].0n0.126. 


in  a  row  parallel  with  the  handle,  the  several  knots  being 
beveled  whereby  they  are  adapted  for  self-rotation.  The  brush- 
units  are  rotatively  mounted  upon  the  handle  on  a.^es  perpen- 
dicular thereto,  while  gear  connections  operate  between  the 
respective  brush-units,  each  of  which  has  a  knot  of  bristles 
projecting  perpendicularly  from  the  side  of  the  handle,  the 
outer  end  of  the  knot  being  beveled.  Each  brush-unit  has  a 
snap-member  whereby  it  is  removably  mounted  in  connection 
with  the  snap-member  on  one  of  the  brush-unit-holders. 


Cha 


Liquid  Measure, 
rles  Fritz,  Baltimore,  iMd.,  is  the  inventor  of  a  liquid 
measure  consisting  of  tlie 
combination  with  a  vessel 
having  a  depending  discharge- 
nozzle  in  its  bottom  of  sup- 
porting legs  around  the  noz- 
z'e  and  depending  from  the 
peripher}'  of  the  vessel ;  a  valve 
extending  crosswise  of  the 
nozzle  and  having  a  horizontal 
stem  whose  outer  end  projects 
through  and  has  bearing  in 
one  of  the  supporting  legs; 
a  segment  gear  on  the  end  of 
the  stem  and  at  the  outer 
side  o"  the  leg  in  which  the 
stem  has  bearing;  a  vertical 
tube  in  the  e.xterior  of  the 
vessel  directly  above  the  peri- 
phery of  the  segment  gear; 
a  vertical  rack-bar  depending 
from  the  tube  and  projecting 
downwardly  at  the  leg  which 
sustains  the  gear-stem  and 
engaging  said  gear,  and  a 
handle  attached  to  the  vessel 
alinement   with   the   rack-bar   (Patent  No.   1,090,607). 


1,090,607. 


PATEiNTS. 


1,1 


Granted   February   24,    1914. 

1,087,935— Alfred  C.  Eggers,  assignor  to  Charles  A.  Tyrrell,  New 
York.      Rectal    syringe. 

1,087,861— Walter  E.  Masland,  assignor  to  E.  I.  du  Pont  de 
Nemours  Powder  Company,  Wilmington,  Del.  Separatioi  cf 
organic    compounds   at    low    temperatures. 

1,088,208— Frederick  Coates,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  assignor  to  Standard 
Automatic  Machine  Company,  Rochester,  N.  Y.  Labeling 
machine.  .        _, 

1,088.216— Clinton  E.  Dolbear,  assignor  to  Elijah  H.  Merrill,  Ber- 
keley, Cal.  Process  of  recovering  sodium  and  potassium  salts 
from    mixtures    thereof. 

1.088,227— Carl    V.    Johnson,   Goldfield,    Nev.      Bottle. 

1,088,457— George  W.  Schencks,  San  Diego,  Cal.,  assignor  of  one- 
fourth  to  James  H.  Shanks  and  one-fourth  to  Harrie  B.  Shanks, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.     Bottle.  .  .,..       o     ,r 

1.088,663— Irwin  F.  Kepler,  Akron,  Ohio,  assignor  to  Ihe  B.  t. 
Goodrich  Company,   New    York,   N.    Y.     Pneumatic  bulb. 

Granted  March   3,    1914. 
1,088,926— Albert   L.    Radlein   and   James  W.   Murphy,    Chicago,    111. 

Chemical   heater.  ....... 

1,088.954— Charles    I.    Wright,    Tuscon,    Ariz.      Filter    for    atomizers 

and    other   devices. 


1,088,966— Jurgen   Callsen,   assignor  to   Farbenfabriken  vorm.   Friedr. 

Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld,  Germany.    Alkylalkoxymethyl  esters  of 

cresotinic   acids. 
1,088,973— Samuel    B.    Drinkhouse,   Denver,    Colo.     Siphon. 
1,089,185— Carl    Bosch    and    Alwin    Mittasch,    assignors    to    Badische 

Anilin    &    Soda    Fabrik,    Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,    Germany. 

Producing    ammonia. 
1,089,205— Ernest    C.    Fuchs,    Rochelle    Park,    N.    J.      Non-refiUable 

bottle. 
1,089,216— Louis    C.    Helmcamp    and    Edwin    Hoxworth,    Waco,    Tex. 

Non-refillable   bottle. 

9,240   and    1,089,241— Artheme    Matignon,    Bourg-la-Reine,    France, 

assignor  to  The   Societe   Generale  des   Nitrures,   Paris,   France. 

Process    for    the    synthetic    preparation    of    ammonia    from    its 

constituents. 
1,089,383— Frank    J.    Wood,    assignor    to    Marx    and    RawoUe,    New 

Y'ork,    N.    Y.     Process   of  distilling   glycerin. 

Granted  March  10,   1914. 
1,089,417- Max  Klar,   Marquette,  Mich.     Process  for  distilling  crude 

pyroiigiiecus  rcid. 
1,089,717— Herman  A.   Metz,   New   York,   N.   Y.     Bottle    stopper  and 

applicator. 
1,089,775— Felix     Lindner,     assignor     to     Badische     Anilin     &     Soda 

Fabrik,      Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,     Germany.       Decolorizing 

glycerin, 
1,089,784— Samuel    Peacock,    Chicago,    111.,   assignor   to   International 

Agricultural  Corporation,  New  York,  N.   Y.     Process  of  hydrat- 

ing   phosphorus   pentoxid. 
1,089,875— Herbert     T.     Snyder,     Baltimore,     Md.       Bottle     sealing 

machine. 
1,089,887— August  A.   Waye,   St.    Louis,   Mo.,    assignor  of   one-fourth 

to  Joseph    Kuppertz,    St.    Louis,   Mo.     Bottle. 
1,089,933— Chovanec   Lukac,    Yukon,    Pa.      Anti-refillable    bottle. 
1,090,091— Anst    Alexander    and    Arnold   M.    Steinberg,    Pans,    Tenn. 

Bottle   closure. 
1,090,123— Rene   Bohn,   Mannheim,   and    Car!    Immerheiser,    assignors 

to  Badische  Anilin  &  Soda  Fabrik,   Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine, 

Germany.      Chromium   compounds    of   oxyanthraquinone    sulfonic 

acids'  and  process   of   making   same. 
1,090,126— Fritz    Reichmann,    Albany,    N.    Y.     Toothbrush. 

Granted  March   17,   1914. 
1,090,391— Tsuneichi   Fujiyama,   Tokyo,  Japan.     Apparatus  for  manu- 
facturing   nitrogen. 
1,090,392— Edward   F.   Gingras,   Buffalo,   N.   Y.     Bottle  hanger. 
1,090,422— John    W.    Stovall    and    John    T.    Furniss,    Stovall,    Miss. 

Bottle    seal-detaching   device. 
1,090,434— James   O.    Walsh,   Bayonne,   N.   J.      Bottle   stopper 
1,090,526— Ernest    Laremont    Fleming,    Chester,    England.      Manutac- 

ture   of   borax   and   boric   acid. 
1,090,607— Charles   Fritz,    Baltimore,   Md.     Liquid  measure. 
1,090,733— Peter    C.    Magdlen,    New    York,    N.    Y.      Shaving    cream. 


TRADE-iMARKS. 


Published  Febrtiary  24,   1914. 

33,776— Amos    Rogers,    Ottawa,    Canada.  Medicines    for   diseases    of 

the   stomach,   liver,   etc.  . 

62,538— Mandel    Brothers,    Chicago,    111.      Perfumes,    toilet    waters, 

68,070— The     California     Pharmacy     Company,     San     Francisco,     Cal. 

Laxative   crackers.  .  ,„ 

f8,905— Satterlee  &  Smith,  Lake  Charles,  La.  Rheumatism  remedy. 
69,458— Farbwerke-Hoechst    Co.,    New    York,    N.    Y.      Remedies    tor 

gonorrhoea,    syphilis,    etc.  „      .  ,  j  ^ ♦!, 

70,991— Dr.  J.  A.  Walsh  Co..  Boston.  Mass.    Tooth  powder  and  tooth 

71,122— Soledad  I.  de  Mendia,  Mexico,  Mex.  Remedy  for  tuber- 
culosis   and    milmonary    troubles.  , 

73,151-Jame5  McGinty.  Chicago.  111.  Perfumes,  face  powder  and 
face  cream.  ,        .    ,  j      „,!,«., 

74,099— King   Bros.,   Milan,   III.      Remedy   for  cholera    and   asthma. 

74,380   and   74,3S1-Maurice    Monin,    Paris,    France.      Roug^-  . 

74,636-Jordan's  Foot  Remedy  Co.,  Boston,  Mass.     Ointment  for  the 

74,78l^eorge  W.  Little,  Bullards,  Ga.     Preparations  for  sore  eyes, 

whooping   cough,   colds,   etc.  j.„;„.. 

74,829-John    F    Smith,    Meadow    Creek,    W.    Va.      Pile    n^edrcne^ 
74 ,91J-Richard   Hudnut,    New   York,    N.    Y.      Dry    sachet    P^rf"™"- 
75,017-Waldheimer  Parfumerie— und  Toilettenseifen-Fabrik,  A.H.A. 
Bergmannn,     Waldheim,     Germany,     and     New     York,     N.      x. 
Tooth  pastes. 

Published    March   3,    1914. 
44,631— Dr.    R.    D.    Eaton    Chemical    Co.,    Minneapolis,    Minn.      Lini- 

58,558-Jay   Hobart    Egbert,  Willimantic,   Conn      Eye   remedy. 
5Q350_Abbie  M    Emery,  Denver,   Colo.     Facial  enamel. 
wjIsI^Annie  Young,  Amsterdam!  N.  Y.     Remedy  for  tan,  sunburn, 

frcclclcs    etc  J 

62,739-Harr'y  M.   Freck,  Columbus,  Ohio      Epilepsy  remedy. 
66,206— Florence     Manufacturing    Co.,     Northampton,     Mass.       lootn 

70,95''^''aUet,  Pellerin  et  Cie,  Paris,  France.  Pastes  and  powders 
for  the   teeth,   skin  and  hair. 


196 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[April,  1914 


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71,841 — Society   of  Chemical   Industry  in  Basle,   Basle,   Switzerland. 

An   iron   preparation, 
72,502— Franz   Loes,    New    York,    N.    Y.     Internal    disinfectants. 
73,962— Scheuertheeversand — Gesellschaft  mit  Beschrankter  Haftung, 

Wilmersdorf,    near    Berlin,    Germany.      Diabetes    remedy. 
74,540 — The    Adiposa    Company,    Chicago,    111.      Massage    cream. 
74,790 — The   Sheri-Tone  Company,  Oakland,  Cal.     Laxatives,   tonics, 

stimulants   and   digestants. 
74,861 — ^Jacob    Leon    Lascoff,     New    York,    N.    Y.      Antiseptic    and 

aseptic   liquids  and  disinfectants. 
74,884— Martha     Elizabeth     Robins,     Richmond,     Va.      Tablets     for 

malaria  and  colds. 
75,015— D.    B.    Senger    &    Co.,    Franklin    Grovp,    111.     Treatment   for 

chronic    weakness   and   complaints    peculiar   to    females. 
75,046— Lottie    C.    Blum,    Cleveland,    Ohio.      Shampoo    tonic. 
75,063 — Hiram   Merritt,    Newburgh,    N.    Y.     Fire   extinguishing   fluid. 
75,114 — K.   C.    Francek   &  Co.,   Chicago,   111.     Hair  elixir. 
75,200— Harry    Luntz,     Brooklyn,    N.    Y.      Remedy    for    indigestion, 

headache,   etc. 
75,235 — Max     Robins,    Chicago,    111.      Remedy    for    gonorrhoea    and 

diseases    of   the    kidneys    and    bladder. 
75,259 — Elias  B.   Kelley,   Electra,  Tex.     Salve. 
75,497— William    Henry    Leak,    Watertown,    N.    Y.      A    prophylactic 

dentifrice. 
75,521— Lorenzo   Clone,   New   York,   N.   Y.     Preparation   for   nervous 

disorders. 
75,522 — Theodore  A.   Cassels,   Arcadia,   Fla.     Medicines   for  indiges- 
tion. 
75,610— John  H.  Haydon,  New  York,  N.   Y.     Skin  remedy. 
75,643— The   Arthur   Chemical   Co.,    New   Haven,    Conn.      Hair   tonic. 

Published  March   10,   1914. 

64,254— Olo  Voil   Manufacturing  Co.,   Kansas   City,   Mo.     Hair  tonic. 
75,049— The     De     Vilbiss     Manufacturing     Company,     Toledo,     Ohio. 

Spraying   instruments. 
75,31  —Society   of  Chemical   Industry   in  Basle,   Basle,    Switzerland. 

Preparation    for   use    as    a    resorbent,    astringent,    reducent,    and 

antiseptic    in    rheumatic,    arthritic,    skin    and    women's    diseases. 
75,507— Patterson    Drug    Co.,    Lynchburg,    Va.      Remedy    for    various 

throat    and   lung   troubles. 
75,546— William  F.   Dunlop,  New  York,  N.  Y.     Remedy  for  pyorrhea 

and    pus   diseases. 
75,549— Golden    Dawn    Specific    Co.,    Durant,    Miss.      Medicine    for 

colds,    la  grippe   and   pulmonary   troubles. 

Published  March   17,   1914. 

54,495— Wm.  H.  Haviland,  Elizabeth,  N.  J.  External  remedy  for 
eczema   and   salt-rheum. 

58,426— The  Haring  Company,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Cough  syrup, 
headache  and  neuralgia  powders,  etc. 

61,696— R.  J.  Strasenburgh  Company,  Rochester,  N.  Y.  Chemicals, 
medicines    and    pharmaceutical    products. 

67,572  and  67,573— The  American  Salesthyl  Mfg.  Co.,  New  York, 
N.   Y.     Menthylated  oil  of  wintergreen  and  salve. 

68,190— Joseph  C.  Schroeder,  St.  Louis,  Mo.  Baking  powder,  medici- 
nal bitters,  tonic,  etc 

68,015 — Charles    E,    Mechel,    Milwaukee,    Wis.     Horse    remedies. 

69,360— Arthur  Letts,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.  Face  powder,  toilet  cream, 
toilet  water,  etc. 


69,979 — Van  Antwerp's   Drug  Corporation,   Inc.,  Mobile,   Ala.    Liquid 

face   powder,    liquid    rouge,    etc. 
73,745— Spencer   Kellogg   &  Sons,   Inc.,   Buffalo,   N.    Y.     Liquid   cas- 
tor  oil. 
74,111 — Jose    B.    Lozano,    Laredo,    Texas.      A    remedy    for    syphilis, 

rheumatism,   etc. 
74,128— C.    F.    Boehringer   &   Soehne,    Mannheim-Waldhof,    Germany. 

Yeast-fat,  the  active  principle  of  yeast  as  a  remedy  for  boils, 

furunculosis,    acne,    and    constipation. 
74,225— Bubenik     Chemical     Manufacturing     Co.,     St.     Louis,     Mo. 

Remedy   for  catarrh,   headache,   etc. 
74,36"— The    Pa    Pro    Company,    Lowville,    N.    Y.      Paper    caps    for 

liottles,   jars,   etc. 
74,430 — Embert  Clayton   Woodcock,   East  Orange,   N.  J.     An   intesti- 
nal  and   pulmonary  antiseptic. 
74,455 — Arnt    H.    Scott,    Chicago,    HI.      A    medicine   for   all    kinds    of 

sore    throat  and   cold    und   a   preventive   from   diphtheria. 
74,592— The    3-L    Remedy    Company,    Harrisburg,    Pa.      Rheumatism 

remedy. 
74,823— Louis   Lapre  and  Company,  New   Bedford,   Mass.     Vegetable 

herb    tablets,    for   blood,    stomach,    liver   and    bowel    disease. 
74.960— Gilbert   Toilet   Company,    Beatrice,    Neb.     Hand   lotion,   face 

bleach,  etc. 
75,057 — Maurice   Lundin,   Binghamton,   N.   Y.     Hair  tonic. 
75,181— The   McKeon  Co.,   Holyoke,   Mass.     A  medicinal  preparation 

for   nervous  breakdown,   coughs,   etc. 
75,305— The  C.  B.  Woodworth  Sons  Co.,  Rochester,  N.  Y.    Perfumes, 

toilet   waters. 
75,339— Vincent   Marino,    Washington,    D.    C.     Liniment. 
75,457— Laxigo  Bitters   Co.,   Detroit,  Mich.     Bitters  for  the  kidneys 

and   liver. 
75,458— Charles    E.    Mechel,    Milwaukee,    Wis.      Horse    remedies. 
75  625 — Ralph  L.   Marteau,   Washington,   D.   C.     Foot  powders. 
75,629- John    R.    Morton,    Stockton,    Cal.     Ointments. 


The  Bed  Cross  Pharmacy  Co.,  of  Logansport,  Ind.,  has 
been  incorporated,  with  $15,000  capital,  to  do  a  wholesale  and 
retail  drug  business,  by  M.  B.  Lairy,  J.  S.  Lairy  and  George 
H.  Babcock. 

The  Branstad  Drug  Co.,  of  Eau  Claire,  Wis.,  has 
moved  into  new  and  larger  quarters  at  the  corner  of  South 
Barstow  street  and  Grand  avenue.  Handsome  new  mahogany 
fi.xtures  and  an  iceless  soda  fountain  have  been  installed.  The 
store  is  said  to  be  one  of  the  most  modem  in  the  Northwest. 

The  United  Drug  Co.  employees  held  a  series  of  races 
and  games,  followed  by  vaudeville  and  a  moving-picture  enter- 
tainment, at  a  Boston  gymnasium,  Feb.  12,  the  programme 
including  a  bowling  match,  basketball,  SO-,  220-  and  400-yard 
dashes,  mile  relay,  mile  open,  wrestling  match,  IGO-yard  swim- 
ming race  and  fancy  swimming.  R.  E.  Hadley  was  chairman 
of  the  committee  in  charge. 


April,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


197 


MENTHOL  ON   DOWNWARD  GRADE. 


Norwegian    Cod    Liver    Oil    Also    Lower    Following 

Reports  of  Increased  Yields  in  Producing  Fields. 

See  pages  31  to  45  for  Prices  Current. 

Changes  Since  Last  Report. 

A— Acid,  Molybdic   lb.  —  5.00 

D — -Acid,  Phosphoric,  Syrupy,  85  per  cent . .  lb.  .28  —  .38 

Glacial,  sticks  lb.  .50  —  .55 

D— .\cid,    Tannic,   Pharmaceutical,    carton.. lb.  .75  —  .80 

Medicinal    lb.  .85  —  .95 

D— Arnica   Root    lb.  .45  —  .50 

A — -Atropine,   Alkaloid,   J^-oz.  vials oz.  8.00  —  8.25 

Sulphate,  J^-oz.  vials oz.  6.75  —  7.00 

A — Belladonna   Leaves,    German lb.  .60  —  .65 

Root,  Powdered   lb.  .30  —  .35 

D— Celery  Seed   lb.  .30  —  .33 

D— Chloroform    lb.  .25  —  .45 

A — Cinchonidine,   Alkaloid,   pure oz.  .50  —  .55 

Salicylate     oz.  —  .35 

Sulphate    oz.  —  .32 

D— Fennel  Seed   lb.  .18  —  .20 

A— Lemon  Peel,   Ribbons lb.  .15  —  .20 

Ground    lb.  .20  —  .25 

D— Manna,   Flake,   Large lb.  .90  —  1.00 

Small    lb.  .50  —  .55 

D— Menthol,  Crystals  lb.  3.55  —  3.80 

D— Oil,  Cod  Liver,  Norwegian gal.  .80  —  .90 

Barrels  ...ea.  20.00  —23.00 

i4-barrels..ea.  12.00  —  13.o0 

D— Oil    Lemon    lb.  2.90  —  3.00 

D— Oil  Orange,  Sweet lb.  3.25  —  3.35 

A— Opium,  Natural    lb.  6.45  —  6.90 

A — Saffron,  True  Valencia lb.  12.25  —  13.25 

A— Santonin    (lb.,  $35.00). oz.  2.30  —  2.40 

D — Strychnine  Acetate,  J^-oz.  vials oz.  1.50  —  1.60 

Alkaloid,  J/^-oz.  vials oz.  1.15  —  1.25 

Nitrate,  5^-oz.  vials oz.  1.45  —  1.50 

Sulphate,    y&-oz.   vials oz.  1.15  —  1.25 

NOTE — A,    advanced;   D,   declined;    C,    correction;  N,  new. 


NEW  YORK,  March  23.— The  month  has  been  character- 
ized by  a  fair  volume  of  routine  trading  in  drugs  and 
chemicals,  the  price  changes,  with  the  exception  of  those 
for  menthol  and  cod  liver  oil,  showing  no  important  features. 
As  a  general  proposition,  consumers  have  been  restricting  their 
purchases  to  rather  small  parcels  for  prompt  or  nearby  con- 
sumption. Among  the  declines  noted  are  the  reduction  in 
chloroform  prices  and  the  quotations  on  tannic  acid,  all  grades; 
arnica  root,  celery  seed,  lemon  peel,  manna,  large  and  small 
flake;  oil  of  lemon,  oil  of  sweet  orange,  and  strychnine. 
Molybdic  acid,  atropine  and  its  salts,  belladonna  leaves,  cin- 
chonidine and  its  salts,  and  Spanish  saffron  are  higher.  Quinine 
is  unchanged,  while  quotations  on  opium,  natural,  are  slightly 
higher. 

Opium — Inquiry  from  consumers  has  continued  light,  but  the 
market  has  remained  as  firm  as  ever  with  a  slight  advance  in 
quotations  for  natural,  $6.45@$6.90  being  asked.  Quotations 
on  granulated  and  U.S. P.  powdered  remain  unchanged  at 
$8.25@$8.35  per  pound  for  the  former,  and  $8.15@$8.25  for 
the  latter.  The  importations  for  the  seven  months  of  the 
present  fiscal  year  ending  January  amount  to  263,643  pounds, 
valued  at  $977,875;  the  corresponding  period  for  1913  showing 
an  importation  of  270,413  pounds,  valued  at  $1,424,976,  and 
for  1912,  270,925  pounds,  valued  at  $1,605,398. 

QuxNiNE — Continues  to  meet  with  a  good  demand  and  is 
still  firmly  held  at  the  recent  advance  on  the  basis  of  26c.  per 
ounce  in  100-ounce  tins.  The  imports  of  quinine  for  the  seven 
months  ending  January  31,  1914,  amount  to  1,455,028  ounces, 
valued  at  $288,156,  as  compared  with  1,775,593  ounces,  valued 
at  $294,068  in  1913,  and  1.778,814  ounces,  valued  at  $274,129 
in  1912.     Shipments  of  cinchona  bark  from  Java  for  February 


amounted  to  1,440,000  pounds  against  1,560,000  pounds  last 
year. 

Cod  LrvER  On, — Norwegian  has  materially  declined,  owing 
to  favorable  reports  of  increased  supplies  in  the  country  of 
production.  Cable  advices  to  hand  report  the  following  results 
for  the  week  ending  March  21 :  Total  catch  in  Lofoten  7,900,- 
080  fish,  yielding  5582  barrels,  against  4,500,000  fish  last  year 
with  a  yield  of  2396  barrels.  The  total  catch  for  all  Norway 
is  35,200,000  fish  yielding  24,314  barrels  of  oil,  as  against  a 
catch  of  17,300,000  fish  in  the  corresponding  period  last  year 
with  a  yield  of  only  10,650  barrels. 

Menthol — Is  easier,  owing  to  keener  competition  among 
dealers,  and  prices  have  declined  to  $3.55@$3.80  per  pound. 
The  quantity  of  menthol  and  mint  oil  shipped  from  Japan  in 
January  was  1400  cases,  a  still  larger  quantity  being  exported 
in  February.  It  is  reported  that  the  Japanese  Government  is 
attempting  to  acquire  a  monopoly  of  the  menthol  industry  in 
that  country,  and  if  this  arrangement  is  consummated,  it  is 
likely  that  the  production  and  marketing  will  be  entirely  under 
the  direction  of  the  Government  authorities. 

Chloroform — Quotations  have  been  reduced,  the  range  being 
25c.@45c.  per  pound.  The  decline  is  due  to  an  attempt  to 
check  the  competition  of  Western  manufacturers  in  this  market, 
as  also  the  competition  from  abroad  which  was  made  possible 
by  the  recent  lowering  of  the  duty  from  10  to  2  per  cent. 

Phosphoric  Acid — A  decline  in  quotations  is  noted  for 
syrupy,  85  per  cent.,  and  for  glacial  in  sticks,  28c.@38c.  per 
pound  being  asked  for  the  former,  and  50c.@55c.  per  pound 
for  the  latter.  Competition  between  domestic  manufacturers, 
as  well  as  between  foreign  manufacturers,  is  given  as  the 
cause  of  the  decline. 

On,  Lemon — Stocks  have  increased  in  some  quarters  and 
quotations  have  declined  to  $2.90@$3  per  pound.  The  market 
here  is  quiet,  but  it  is  thought  that  any  demand  of  consequence 
will  advance  prices. 

On,  Orange — Increased  supplies  and  lack  of  important  de- 
mand have  contributed  to  a  lowering  of  prices,  the  sweet 
variety  being  quoted  at  $3.25@$3.35  per  pound. 

IManna — Both  large  and  small  flake  are  in  good  supply  and 
easier,  with  quotations  reduced  to  90c. @$1  per  pound  for  the 
former  and  50c.@55c.  per  pound  for  the  latter. 

Celery  Seed — Due  more  to  competition  than  to  the  appear- 
ance of  increased  stocks  in  primary  markets,  prices  have  de- 
clined,  and  jobbers  are  now  asking  30c.@33c.   per  pound. 

Belladonn.^  Leaves — German  are  again  firmer,  owing  to 
increasing  scarcity,  and  dealers  now  quote  60c.@75c.  per  pound, 
for  the  limited  supplies  on  hand.  Powdered  root  is  also  higher, 
30c.@35c.  being  asked. 

Soap  Bark — Is  meeting  with  a  fair  inquiry  at  last  month's 
quotations,  but  stocks  are  apparently  small  and  the  market 
retains  a  firm  tone. 

S-'U'FRON — American  (safflower)  is  still  quoted  at  60c.@70c. 
per  pound,  but  some  dealers  predict  higher  prices  on  the  ground 
that  stocks  are  light  and  concentrated  in  few  hands. 

Saffron — Spanish  is  again  firmer  and  jobbers,  owing  to  a 
growing  scarcity  of  supplies  here,  have  advanced  quotations  to 
$12.25@$13.50  per   pound. 

Fennel  Seed — Following  a  downward  tendency  abroad, 
quotations  have  declined,  and  jobbers  are  now  quoting  18c. @ 
20c.  per  pound. 

Santonin — Is  firmer  and  quotations  have  been  marked  up 
to  $35   per  pound:   per  ounce,   $2.30@$2.40. 

Strychnine — Following  a  reduction  of  prices  in  London, 
quotations  have  been  marked  down  for  alkaloid  and  salts,  as 
follows;  Alkaloid,  in  Ys-oz.  vials,  per  ounce,  $1.15@$1.25; 
acetate,  ^-oz.  vials,  per  ounce,  $1.50@$1.60;  nitrate,  Ys-oz. 
vials,  per  ounce,  $1.45@$1.50;  sulphate,  5^-oz.  vials,  per  ounce, 
$1.15@$1.25. 

Buchu — A  moderate  demand  is  reported  at  last  month's 
quotations.  The  e.xports  of  leaves  from  the  Union  of  South 
Africa  during  December,  1913,  amounted  to  13,694  pounds, 
against  6066  pounds  in  the  corresponding  month  in  1912.  The 
total  e-xports  for  the  year  1913  were  163,812  pounds,  against 
223,021  pounds  in  1912. 


198 


THE    PHARiMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[April,  1914 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


my   books   of  the   Course,    for   they   are   helpful   to   me   every 
day." — R.  L.  Conner,  Sewanee,  Tenn. 


The  Era  Conne  In  Pharmacy  Ij  a  systematic  home-stndy  coaisa, 
designed  to  glTe  a  tneoietlcal  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  Intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  Is  divided  Into  ten  Parts  and  S8  Lec- 
tures; It  can  be  completed  In  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  tho 
experience  ol  the  Student;  Its  cost  Is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete Prospectus  can  be  had  by  addresslsf 

Direclor,   F.KA  Coi  KSt  IN   I'llARMACV, 

CO  D.  O    Hayncs  &  Co  , 

No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York 


WHAT  DO  OUR  STUDENTS  WISH? 


WITH  the  article  for  January,  the  Era  Course  Depart- 
ment concluded  a  series  of  little  lectures  on  various 
topics  about  which  students  had  asked  for  more  en- 
lightenment. The  subjects  treated  have  been  percentage  solu- 
tions, alligation,  chemical  formu'as,  and  chemical  equations.  The 
remarks  presented  in  this  page  have  been  intended  to  furnish 
clear  explanations  of  the  points  involved,  expressed  in  very 
simple  language,  and  judging  from  letters  rece'ved  from  our 
students,  we  have  fulfilled  our  purpose  in  this  respect.  These 
extra  lectures  have  proved  of  great  value  to  many  students  in 
connection  with  their  regular  recital  on  work.  Moreover,  each 
new  problem  treated  was  made  the  occasion  for  bringing  in 
a  number  of  practical  examples.  We  have  now  reached  the 
end  of  this  particular  series  of  talks,  and  would  like  to  know 
what  our  students  wish  to  have  discussed  in  future.  The 
Director  requests  that  each  student  who  is  puzzled  over  any 
problem  relating  to  his  work  in  the  Course,  or  to  his  practical 
drug  store  tasks,  wi.l  communicate  with  this  office,  stating 
his  difficulties,  and  requesting  that  additional  material  be 
presented  in  this  page  on  these  subjects.  This  department  is 
not  only  part  of  the  Era;  it  is  also  a  part  of  the  Era  Course, 
and  in  accord  with  our  consistent  policy,  all  our  efforts  are 
directed  to  the  end  of  helping  our  students  in  every  way 
possible.  Let  us  hear  from  you,  from  all  who  h;-ve  had  any 
difficulties. 


Matriculation    Graduates  to  March  20,  1914.    Graduating 
Number.  Average. 

7687 — Wm.   Floyd  Jackson,  Wilmington,  Del 95 

7834— B.  L.  Lauderback,   Jr.,  Newark,  N.   J 96 


Era  Course  Students  Successful  at  State  Boards. 

Arkansas — Earl  D.  McGaughey,  Hartford,  registered  phar- 
macist. 

California — Augustus  J.  Affleck,  Redding,  assistant  phar- 
macist. 

Illinois — Jos.  H.  Skaggs,  Des  Moines,  low-a ;  registered  phar- 
macist. 

Massachusetts — Fred  E.  Hines,  Dorchester ;  James  E.  Tem- 
pleton,   Westfield ;   assistant  pharmacists. 

Missouri — Thomas  O'Donnell,  St.  Louis,  registered  phar- 
macist; C.  H.  McDonald,  Rocky  Comfort,  assistant  pharmacist. 

New  Jersey — Harry  H.  Hagny,  Newark,  registered  phar- 
macist. 

Okio — J.  M.  Galbreath,  Greenfield,  registered  pharmacist; 
J.  A.  Howenstine,  A.  A.  Borek,  Cleveland;  E.  A.  Lehr,  Colum- 
bus;  Merrill   Swain,   Hamilton,   assistant   pharmacists. 


Appreciations  from  Our  Students. 

"I  have  found  the  Era  Course  very  satisfactory  indeed. 
I  tried  for  registration  last  month  as  assistant  and  passed. 
Your  Course  was  the  only  instructions  I  had.  The  different 
lectures  are  worded  so  plainly  that  it  was  not  necessary  for  me 
to  write  for  an  explanation  once,  which  is  more  than  I  can 
say  for  any  book  on  pharmacy  I  have  seen." — Fred  E.  Hines, 
Dorchester,   Mass. 

"The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  is  what  put  me  by  the 
board  Jan.  28,  1914.  It  was  the  best  investment  I  ever 
made." — F.  R.  Keelocc,  Franklin,  N.  H. 

"I  can  say  for  the  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  that  it  has  been 
of  great  benefit  to  me,  and  I  would  gladly  recommend  it  to 
any  one  starting  to  learn  the  drug  business.     I   would  not  sell 


Bay  State  Druggists  Watch  Legislation. 


The  present  Legislature  of  Massachusetts  has  earned  a 
reputation  for  killing  freak  legislation  with  despatch.  The 
number  of  measures  before  it  was  larger  than  has  ever  been 
presented  to  any  Legislature.  That,  of  itself,  may  account 
for  the  apparent  haste  in  disposing  of  freak  innovations.  Of 
the  1800  odd  measures  before  the  Legislature,  119  were  re- 
ferred to  the  committee  on  public  health,  and  of  these  25  had 
to  do  with  pharmacy  and  related  interests — 11  to  amendments 
to  the  present  cocaine  law ;  two  to  the  use  of  the  common 
drinking-cup;  three  to  the  sale  of  liquor  by  druggists;  four  to 
the  making  and  sale  of  ice  cream;  three  to  the  making  of 
fruit  syrups,  and  two  to  the  making  and  sale  of  confectionery. 

The  committee  on  public  health  gave  a  hearing  on  the 
cocaine  bills  on  petitions  for  the  appointment  of  a  State  com- 
mission to  investigate  the  evils  of  habit-forming  drugs,  and 
on  a  bill  of  the  Rev.  Roland  D.  Saw-yer,  of  Ware,  for  a  bill 
requiring  all  poisons  to  be  sold  in  distinctive  containers. 

The  bill  for  the  State  commission  was  backed  by  a  large 
number  of  medical  men,  including  Dr.  Richard  C.  Cabot,  Dr. 
Frank  G.  Wheatley,  Dr.  Charles  P.  Putnam  and  Dr.  W.  G. 
Faxon. 

Representative  Sawyer's  bill  was  opposed  by  the  pharma- 
ceutical associations.  The  bill  provided  that  no  druggist, 
physician  or  other  person  shall,  within  the  commonwealth,  sell, 
deliver,  distribute  or  cause  to  be  sold,  delivered  or  distributed 
any  tablets,  pills  or  other  substance,  not  being  a  liquid,  con- 
taining any  poisonous  drug  in  such  quantity  as  would  cause 
death  or  injury  to  any  human  being,  unless  the  same  is  con- 
tained in  a  tablet,  pill  or  capsule  which  shall  be  in  the  shape 
of  an  equilateral  triangle  colored  bright  blue.  Such  tablets, 
pills  or  capsules  shall  be  delivered  in  a  bottle  which  shall  be 
in  the  shape  of  an  equilateral  triangle  and  colored  bright  blue. 
The  said  tablets,  pills  or  capsules  shall  be  placed  in  the  bottle 
with  a  layer  of  absorbent  cotton  between  them  and  the  cork 
or  other  stopper  in  such  manner  that  they  would  not  be  spilled 
if  the  stopper  were  removed.  If  the  poisonous  drug  is  in  the 
form  of  a  liquid  it  shall  be  sold,  delivered  or  distributed  only 
in  such  a  bottle  as  is  above  described. 

The  bill  was  declared  to  be  impracticable,  and  the  committee 
on  public  health  reported  adversely  upon  it.  Mr.  Sawyer  at- 
tempted to  have  the  House  reject  the  report  and  substitute  his 
bill,  but  both  Representaiives  White  and  Mahoney,  the  latter  in 
charge  of  the  committee's  report,  and  the  former  a  druggist, 
opposed  it,  and  the  House  accepted  the  adverse  report. 

The  committee  on  public  health  reported  adversely  on  the 
bill  o'  Charles  W.  Proctor  for  a  commission  to  investigate  the 
evils  of  habit-forming  drugs.  The  same  committee  has  also 
reported  adversely  on  the  bill  to  extend  the  law^  relating  to  the 
use  of  public  drinking-cups. 


TRADE  JOTTINGS. 


The   Sanitol   Chemical  Laboratory   Company,   of   St. 

Louis,  has  elected  these  officers :  President  and  treasurer,  H.  C. 
G.  Luyties:  vice-president.  Dr.  George  A.  Bowman;  secretary, 
H.  A.  Werbe;  directors.  Dr.  Bowman,  Theodore  W.  Hellmers, 
George  Keller,  W.  C.  D'Arcy,  Werbe,  Luyties  and  Frederick 
K.   James.     Messrs.   James  and  Hellmers  live  in  New  York. 

Riker-Hegeman  sales,  according  to  a  news  note  in  the 
financial  pages  of  the  daily  press,  are  now  running  at  the  rate 
of  approximately  $18,000,000  a  year,  and  it  is  further  stated 
that  the  company  will  open  about  15  new  stores  this  year. 
It  is  understood  that  cash  dividends  will  be  discontinued  and 
that  stockholders  will  be  given  stock.  Plans  contemplate  a 
20  per  cent,  stock  disbursement  on  July  1  next,  and  regular 
stock  dividends  every  six  months. 

The  Harle-Haas  Drug'  Co.,  of  Council  Bluffs,  la.,  has 
elected  the  following  officers:  President,  Willoughby  Dye;  vice- 
president,  Charles  Straub;  general  manager,  F.  H.  Garrett; 
secretary,  T.  J.  Leary;  treasurer,  A.  J.  Faul;  directors,  Wil- 
loughby Dye,  William  Greer,  William  Skillicorn,  Chris  Straub, 
F.  H.  Garrett,  Harry  Hattenhauer  and  L.  I.  Edson.  A  decided 
increase  in  the  volume  of  business  last  year  was  reported. 


AN   ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBUCATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XL VII 


New  York,  ^Iat,  1914 


No.  5 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era. 

PXIBLISHED   ON  THE  FIRST  OF  EACH  MONTH. 


CONTROL    OF    HABIT-FORMING    DRUGS. 


D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
No.  3  Park  Place,  New  Yokk. 

Telephone,  7646  Barclay.  Cable  Address,  "Era,  New  York." 

SUBSCETPTION     RaTES  : 
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The  Er.4  Price  List  with  Subscription,  50c.  a  Copy. 
PRICES  INCLUDE   POSTAGE  AND   PAYABLE   IN   ADVANCE. 
REMIT  by  P.O.  or  Express  Order  or  New  York  Draft  payable 
to  order  of  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    Add  10  cents  for  collection  charges 
if  you  send  local  check. 

Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas- 
urer, D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N.  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  OflScers  is  No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

Entered  at  the  New  York  Post-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1914,  ty  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    All  rights  reserved. 

Title   Registered   in   the    United   States   Patent    Office. 

Table  of  Contents. 


RE.\DING    SECTION. 

Editorial  and  PH.\Ri£.\CErTicAi, Pages  199-218 

Editorials   199-203 

Changes  in  the  New  Pharmacopoeia,  Part  11,  Second 

Instalment    205-208 

Modem  Medical  Uses  of  Paraffin  Oil,  by  M.  I.  Wil- 

bert    208-209 

New  Remedies  209 

Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacy 210-211 

Selected  Formulas    212 

Foreign   Abstracts    213-214 

Question   Box    215-216 

Women  in   Pharmacy' 217-218 

News    Section    Pages  219-238 

Mostly    Personal    219-221 

Obituaries    222 

Among   the   .Associations    223-228 

Schools   and   Colleges 229-232 

Board  Examinations 238 

Trade  Section Pages  239-254 

Recent  Patents  and  Trade-marks 251-252 

The    Drug    Markets 253-254 

INDEX    TO    .\DVERTISERS Page  63 

INDEX    TO    GOODS    .AD^•ERTISED Pages  59-62 

INDEX    TO    RE.\DING    P.\GES Page        64 


Seldom  has  any  measure  of  greater  interest  to 
pharmacists  of  the  Empire  State  ever  traversed 
the  tortuous  current  of  legislation  than  that  knovm 
as  the  Boylan  bill,  which  in  its  entirety  was  re- 
written but  a  few  moments  prior  to  adjournment 
of  the  Legislature  and  passed,  thence  going  to  the 
Governor,  receiving  his  signature  at  once,  thereby 
becoming  a  law.  The  reasonable  pro\Tsions  of  this 
law  in  the  light  of  its  history  before  the  lawmakers, 
are  remarkable,  and  so  far  as  we  can  discover,  the 
law  is  generally  approved  by  pharmacists.  The 
act,  an  abstract  of  which  appears  elsewhere  in  this 
nmnber  of  the  Era,  amends  the  public  health  law 
in  relation  to  the  sale  of  habit-forming  drugs,,  and 
the  text  of  the  law,  in  our  opinion,  should  serve  as  a 
model  draft  for  the  pharmacists  of  other  States 
who  are  seeking  legislation  of  a  salutary  character 
to  head  off  the  demands  of  self-constituted  re- 
formers who  know  nothing  of  the  drug  business 
and  care  still  less. 

This  law,  as  will  be  noted,  prohibits  the  sale  of 
habit-forming  drugs  except  on  the  prescription  of 
a  licensed  physician,  but  the  provisions  do  not 
apply  to  the  sale  of  domestic  and  proprietary 
medicines  actually  sold  in  good  faith  as  medicines 
and  not  for  the  purpose  of  evading  the  law,  "pro- 
viding such  remedies  or  preparations  do  not  contain 
more  than  two  grains  of  opium,  or  one-fourth  grain 
of  morphine,  or  one-fourth  grain  of  heroin,  or  one 
grain  of  codeine,  or  ten  grains  of  chloral  or  their 
salts  in  one  fluid  ounce,  or  if  a  solid  preparation,  in 
one  avoirdupois  oimce,  nor  to  plastei-s.  liniments  and 
ointments  for  external  use  only."  If  the  prescrip- 
tion calls  for  more  than  four  grains  of  morphine, 
thirtj'  grains  of  opium,  two  grains  of  heroin,  six 
grains  of  codeine  or  four  drams  of  chloral  the 
authority  for  the  prescription  must  be  verified. 
To  fix  responsibility  and  to  assist  the  proper 
authorities  in  locating  violators  of  the  law,  all  drug 
dealers  and  physicians  must  use  ofBcial  order  blanks 
supplied  by  the  health  authorities  in  making  pur- 
chases of  the  drugs  enumerated,  and  these  orders 
must  be  numbered  in  duplicate.  This  provision  is 
particularly  aimed  at  physicians  who  abuse  their 
privileges,  for  by  its  enforcement  the  authorities 
will  be  able  to  discover  and  punish  them,  thereby 


200 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  1914 


permitting  vigorous  steps  to  be  taken  to  shut  off 
the  supply  of  the  habit-forming  drugs.  Full 
reeords  are  to  be  made  of  all  sales,  and  the  otlSeial 
orders  for  sueh  drugs  are  to  be  kept  by  the  person 
or  corporation  making  the  sale. 

A  new  feature  which  marks  an  advance  in  this 
kind  of  legislation  is  the  declaration  that  the  con- 
stant use  by  any  person  of  any  habit-forming  drug, 
except  under  the  direction  and  consent  of  a  duly 
licensed  physiciim,  constitutes  a  danger  to  the  pub- 
lic health,  and  provision  is  made  for  curing  or 
caring  for  pei-sons  so  addicted  by  conunitment  to 
a  State,  coiunty,  or  city  hospital  or  institution 
licensed  imder  the  State  Limacy  Commission.  In 
including  this  section  in  the  law,  the  legislators 
have  taken  a  humanitarian  view  of  one  of  the 
great  problems  of  the  day,  in  that  while  attempting 
to  control  the  extension  of  this  most  insidious 
scourge  of  our  times,  the  attempt  is  also  made  to 
redeem  and  restore  to  society  the  victims  of  a  habit, 
the  effects  of  which  are  a  blot  upon  modem  civili- 
zation. 


PUBLICATION   OF   A.PH.A.   PAPERS. 


Considerable  time  has  now  elapsed  since  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  Association  added  the 
paragraph  to  Article  III  of  its  by-laws  which  pro- 
vides that  "all  papers  presented  to  the  association 
and  its  branches  shall  become  the  property  of  the 
association,  with  the  understanding  that  they  are 
not  to  be  published  in  any  other  publications  than 
those  of  the  association,  except  by  the  consent  of 
the  Committee  of  Publication."  If  we  are  to  be- 
lieve the  reports  that  have  come  to  us  from  some 
of  those  who  have  prepared  and  read  papers,  es- 
peciallj'  before  the  branches,  the  practical  enforce- 
ment of  this  provision  is  not  wholly  satisfactoiy. 
So  far  as  we  can  ascertain,  no  one  denies  the  right 
of  the  association  to  say  what  shall  be  done  with 
the  papers  presented,  but  dissatisfaction  is  due  to 
the  fact  that  even  when  presented  in  good  faith, 
and  accepted  and  read  before  the  branches,  the 
papers  may  never  be  put  into  type  at  all,  or  if  they 
be  printed,  the  date  of  publication  is  not  infre- 
quently so  far  subsequent  that  the  conditions  which 
prompted  the  preparation  of  the  papers  by  the 
authors  have  been  lost  sight  of,  thereby  nullifying 
any  effort  to  excite  interest  in  the  subject  selected ; 
in  other  words,  the  "timeliness"  of  the  contribu- 
tion being  made  practically  nil. 

"We  believe  there  is  some  ground  for  this  criti- 
cism, especially  in  the  general  application  of  this 
rule  to  the  disposition  of  the  papers  read  before 
the  local  branches  of  the  association.  !Most  of  the 
papers  read  and  the  topics  discussed  by  the  mem- 
bers of  the  branches  relate  particularly  to  local 
conditions  or  pharmaceutical  affairs  pertaining  to 
the  section  of  the  coimtry  from  which  sueh  member- 
ship is  drawn.  This  is  just  what  might  be  ex- 
pected, and  it  is  a  good  thing  for  pharmacy  that 
enough  interest  can  be  evoked  to  cause  druggists 
to  maintain  these  local  branches.  These  efforts 
should  be  encouraged,  but  in  creating  and  main- 
taining the  highest  degree  of  interest  the  element 


of  legitimate  publicity  should  not  be  disregarded. 
The  writer  of  a  paper  is  entitled  to  all  of  the 
credit  and  publicity  he  can  get  for  the  effort  he  has 
made  to  prepare  such  a  contribution.  Then  why 
not  permit  other  journals  to  publish  these  papei-s 
if  they  so  desire? 

No  phannaceutical  journal,  and  this  includes  the 
Journal  of  the  A.Ph.A.,  can  begin  to  publish  all 
of  the  material  that  comes  to  hand,  even  should  it 
desire  to  do  so.  The  field  of  work  covered  by  any 
one  journal  is  circumscribed,  primarily  by  the 
wants  of  those  it  seeks  to  serve,  as  well  as  other 
considerations.  Logically,  then,  there  is  no  con- 
vincing reason  why  the  publication  of  any  legiti- 
mate paper  in  any  pharmaceutical  journal  should 
be  withheld,  providing  any  journal  \rishes  to  print 
it.  So  far  as  we  are  concerned,  the  Era  is  not 
dependent  on  these  sources  of  supply,  and  the 
privilege  to  use  this  material  is  not  a  vital  matter. 
But  we  do  desire  to  promote  the  usefulness  of  the 
American  Phannaceutical  Association  and  its  great 
work  in  advancing  pharmacy.  In  our  opinion  this 
cannot  be  done  to  the  best  advantage  so  long  as 
the  pharmaceutical  press  is  restricted  and  the  field 
of  publicity  is  circumscribed,  a  condition  that  is 
likely  to  prevail  so  long  as  the  provision  is  enforced 
that  "all  papers  presented  to  the  association  and 
its  branches  .  .  .  are  not  to  be  published  in  any 
other  publications  than  those  of  the  association." 


PHARMACY    LEGISLATION    NOT    ALL    BAD. 


After  hearing  the  opinion  expressed  in  some 
quarters,  that  it  is  the  duty  of  druggists  to  oppose 
all  legislation,  whether  presumed  to  be  good  or 
bad,  which  seeks  to  regulate  the  drug  trade,  it  is 
a  pleasure  to  look  across  to  England,  and  see  some 
of  the  results  of  the  most  drastic  drug  legislation 
ever  imposed  on  an  English-speaking  country.  We 
refer  to  the  National  Insurance  Act  of  1911.  Dur- 
ing the  past  year,  through  the  working  out  of  a 
vast  scheme  of  "paternal"  legislation,  about  seven 
million  dollars  have  been  turned  over  to  British 
pharmacists,  or  to  sueh  as  were  clear-sighted  enough 
to  avail  themselves  of  the  opportunity  to  have  their 
names  placed  on  the  panels.  And  by  far  the  larger 
part  of  this  sum  represents  business  which  did  not 
previously  go  to  the  "chemists,"  as  dispensing  phy- 
sicians are  much  more  numerous  in  England  than 
in  this  coimtry.  This  direct  monetary  benefit  is 
not  the  onl,v  good  which  is  flowing  from  the  Act. 
Prescription  business  has  increased  to  such  an  ex- 
tent that  steps  are  being  taken  to  incorporate  a 
chain  of  pharmacies,  which  will  handle  prescrip- 
tions only.  This  is  a  result  which  -^rill  not  be  re- 
gretted by  the  upholders  of  "ethical"  ideals. 

As  was  to  be  expected,  the  Act  was  fought  before 
its  passage,  and  was  viewed  with  much  suspicion 
for  some  months  after  it  went  into  effect.  Those 
who  were  cros.sing  the  bridge  before  it  was  reached 
now  admit  that,  in  the  language  of  the  report  of 
the  Fabian  Society,  which  made  a  detailed  investi- 
gation of  the  scheme  in  operation,  "the  machine 
is  working"  better  than  they  had  ever  dreamed. 
To   have   set   such    a    complicated    mechanism    in 


May,  1914] 


THE    PHARAIACEUTICAL    ERA 


201 


motion,  and  to  have  eliminated  most  of  the  friction 
in  one  short  year,  calls  for  admiration  of  the  organ- 
izing ability  of  our  English  fellow-workers  in  phar- 
macy, and  they  are  to  be  commended  most  highly 
for  their  support  of  this  measure,  with  its  far- 
reaching  social  benefits. 


THE    CREED   OF    THE    DRUGGIST    WHO    WINS. 


Do  you  believe : 

That  pessimism  has  no  place  in  the  drug  business, 
or  any  other  basiness,  and  that  the  germ  of  fear 
will  eventually  kill  any  business  and  the  usefulness 
of  the  man  who  cultivates  it? 

That  the  retail  drug  business  is  an  easier  pro- 
fession than  that  of  lawyer,  doctor  or  dentist,  or 
of  drug  manufacturer  or  jobber? 

That  the  future  holds  more  good  than  the  past? 

That  the  successful  druggist  always  obtains 
pleasure  from  his  work ;  for  while  it  is  hard,  vexing 
and  not  without  its  responsibilities,  what  line  of 
serious  endeavor  is  not? 

That  the  way  to  meet  "business  depression"  is 
so  to  shift  the  lines  featured  that  the  volume  of 
business  so  necessary  with  fixed  overhead  expenses 
will  be  sustained? 

Such  is  the  business  creed  of  one  of  the  success- 
ful druggists  of  the  New  South,  stated  in  answer 
to  our  query,  "What  Does  the  Retail  Druggist 
Really  Need?",  a  general  discussion  of  which  by 
druggists  in  all  sections  of  the  country  will  be  a 
feature  of  coming  issues  of  the  Era. 

We  believe  opportunities  for  success  in  the  drug 
business  were  never  more  plentiful  than  today ; 
we  are  opposed  to  the  undercurrent  of  pessimism 
which  saps  the  lifeblood  of  business  enterprises; 
we  believe  that  the  successful  druggists  of  the 
country  have  found  the  key  to  an  increasingly 
remunerative  service  of  the  public ;  and,  beginning 
with  the  Jime  Era  twoscore  or  more  of  these  drug- 
gists will  tell  what  they  have  done  to  meet  changed 
conditions — and  how  they  have  done  it. 


monopoly.  This  amendment  is  brief,  but  very  much 
to  the  point.  It  requires  as  a  condition  of  the  right 
to  name  resale  prices,  affidavits  by  producers  that 
they  have  not  and  never  had  "any  monopoly  or 
control  of  the  market,"  and  are  not  and  never 
have  been  parties  to  "any  agreement,  combination 
or  understanding  with  any  competitor  in  the  pro- 
duction, manufacture  or  sale  of  any  merchandise 
in  the  same  general  class  in  regard  to  the  price  at 
which  the  same  shall  be  sold." 

One  of  the  charges  brought  against  price-cutting 
as  a  system,  and  one  of  the  strongest  argiunents  of 
the  advocates  of  price  standardization,  is  that  price- 
cutting  has  tended,  and  always  will,  to  operate  to 
the  advantage  of  the  man  with  the  long  poeketbook ; 
that  in  the  end  it  builds  monopolies  by  eliminating 
those  who  cannot  survive  price-cutting  wars;  and 
that,  as  a  result,  in  each  commimity  there  will  be 
a  tendency  for  the  retail  businesses  to  become 
monopolies  for  one  or  two  large  companies,  and  for 
these  to  merge. 

Under  the  Stevens  bill,  with  the  Clapp  amend- 
ment, independent  producers  would  be  allowed  to 
protect  small  dealers  against  discrimination,  the 
public  against  misrepresentation,  and  themselves 
against  unfair  methods..  Secret  rebates  to  mail- 
order houses  would  be  made  impossible,  and  the 
relief  thus  afforded  against  "quantity  discount" 
hold-ups  could  not  but  result  in  lowered  prices  to 
the  small  dealers.  The  monopoly  bugbear  would 
be  laid  to  rest  by  the  Clapp  amendment,  from 
which  we  have  quoted. 

In  addition  to  the  support  of  the  A.N. A.M.,  as 
cited,  the  American  Fair  Trade  League  and  the 
Committee  for  the  Promotion  of  the  Interests  of 
Retail  Merchants,  recently  formed  in  New  York 
with  Dr.  W.  C.  Anderson  at  its  head,  are  working 
energetically  for  the  measure.  In  fact,  the  pros- 
pects for  an  equitable  system  of  price  standardiza- 
tion imder  Government  sponsorship  were  never  so 
bright  as  today. 


PRICE  MAINTENANCE  AND  THE  STEVENS  BILL. 


At  the  meeting  of  the  Association  of  National 
Advertising  Managers  at  Chicago  in  April,  price- 
maintenance  was  one  of  the  principal  topics  con- 
sidered, the  organization  going  on  record  in  the 
following  words: 

Be  It  Resolved,  That  we  earnestly  favor 
legislation  recognizing  and  establishing  the 
system  of  one-price-to-all  on  trade-marked 
and  branded  goods  in  the  mutual  interest 
of  maker  and  consumer,  and  for  the  pro- 
tection of  the  independent  dealer  against 
unfair  practices  and  against  the  e:::tension 
and  encroachment  of  monopoly. 
Following  close  upon  this  action  by  nearly  250 
representatives   of  the   great  National   advertising 
firms  in  this  country,  Senator  Clapp,  of  IMinnesota, 
introduced    an   amendment  to  the    Stevens    price 
standardization  bill  now  before  Congress  with  a 
view  to  removing  all  possibility  of  the  proposed 
law  being  employed  in  the  interests  of  capitalistic 


MEDICINAL    USES    OF    LIQUID    PETROLATUM. 


The  use  of  paraffin  oil  or  liquid  petrolatum  as 
an  intestinal  lubricant  is  not  a  new  departure  in 
the  field  of  therapeutics,  although  at  the  present 
time  renewed  interest  has  been  exhibited  in  the 
medical  uses  of  this  product.  These  facts  are  in- 
telligently set  foi-th  in  a  contribution  by  M.  I. 
Wilbert,  which  appears  elsewhere  in  this  issue  of 
the  Era,  an  article  which  all  pharmacists  shoiald 
read.  For  many  years  the  real  value  of  liquid 
petroleum  as  a  substitute  for  cod  liver  oil  in  the 
treatment  of  phthisis  and  other  conditions  of  mal- 
nutrition has  been  frequently  questioned  by  medi- 
cal men.  In  fact,  many  physicians  have  asserted 
that  they  could  not  understand  why  it  should  pos- 
sess any  distinct  remedial  value  other  than  that  it 
might  be  used  as  a  protective  coating  for  the 
mucous  membrane  as  applied  by  means  of  an 
atomizer  to  the  nasal  cavities,  throat,  larynx,  or 
even  bronchial  tubes.  It  is  not  a  food  and  cannot, 
therefore,  act  as  a  substitute  for  cod  liver  oil, 
because  it  is  incapable  of  saponification.     It  was 


202 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  1914 


found  that  it  could  be  emulsified  and  absorbed 
through  the  intestinal  wall  without  actually  be- 
coming incorporated  with  the  tissues  and  that  it  did 
assist  the  absorption  of  saponifiable  fats. 

At  the  present  time,  liowever,  there  is  considera- 
able  demand  for  liquid  petrolatum  for  use  as  a 
laxative  in  chronic  constipation  and  other  internal 
disorders,  and  as  a  mechanical  lubricant  in  inflam- 
mation of  the  colon.  Just  which  of  the  hundreds 
of  the  products  derived  from  crude  petroleum  and 
now  on  the  market  sliall  be  used  for  any  given 
purpose  is,  in  ^Ir.  Gilbert's  opinion,  a  problem. 
After  a  thorough  investigation  of  the  sub.iect  he 
concludes  that  the  time  appears  particularly  oppor- 
tune for  pharmacists  who  are  willing  to  assist  in 
making  for  true  progress  to  do  missionary  work 
and  to  point  out  to  physicians  in  a  rational  and 
sensible  way  that  paraffin  oil  and  other  petroleum 
products,  while  they  may  be  useful,  have  their 
limitations,  the  claims  of  some  manufacturers  of 
proprietaiy  prepai-ations  to  the  contrary  notwith- 
standing. That  these  products  have  a  place  in  the 
list  of  present-day  remedies,  however,  seems  to  be 
established;  as  a  recent  British  writer  puts  it,  "the 
extensive  use  to  which  neutral  paraffin  oil  has  been 
put  in  the  manufacture  of  chewing  gum,  and  the 
fact  that  many  physicians  and  their  patients  have 
regularly  taken  it  for  several  j-ears  with  much 
i-elief  and  advantage,  shows  that  it  possesses  no 
deleterious  properties  at  present  kno^Mi. " 


^      Extra  hustle T 

Personality  I  Iviual  jiarts 

Knowledge  of  local  conditions  J 
Sig.,  Apply  locally  to  the  seat  of  the  trouble. 


DRUG   TRADE    "APATHY.' 


Apathy  is  a  word  honored  by  abuse — many 
who  use  it  as  explanatory-  of  trade  conditions  seem 
to  think  it  means  semi-stagnation — when  it  should 
be  interpreted  "lack  of  initiative."  True  apathy 
in  business  depends  upon  outside  conditions,  tariff, 
currency,  over-production — apathy  as  an  excuse 
simply  means  personal  inertia,  or,  in  public  ques- 
tions, lack  of  leadership. 

At  the  annual  banquet  of  the  Brooklj-n  College 
of  Pharmacy  Almnni  Association  Jacob  H.  Reh- 
fuss.  president  of  the  New  York  State  Ph.A.,  de- 
clared that  while  he  had  heard  much  of  "apathy 
in  the  drug  trade"  during  his  term  in  office,  he 
had  found  that  ^xiih  proper  leadership  the  drug- 
gists of  the  State  were  read.y  to  work  as  one  man, 
energetically  and  persistently ;  that  the  ' '  big  drug- 
gists," the  men  who  have  made  marked  success, 
were  never  "too  busy"  to  respond  to  requests  to 
exert  their  influence  to  secure  action  upon  legis- 
lative measures. 

A  successful  retailer  in  a  large  Southern  city 
wrote  us  within  a  fortnight  that  when  trade  be- 
came apathetic  he  stopped  featuring  .$3  hair  brushes 
and  50-cent  toothbrushes,  and  put  out  .$1.50  and 
25-cent  varieties,  thus  keeping  his  volume  of  trade 
to  the  necessary  level.  It  meant  more  work,  harder 
work,  bigger  and  better  window  displays — but  it 
captured  the  business,  and  did  away  with  the  so- 
called  "apathy"  in  his  particular  line  in  his  city. 
He  believes,  with  Mr.  Rehfuss.  that  drug  trade 
apathy  is  largely  a  matter  of  individual  attitude — 
readih-  removable  by  the  use  of: 


QUALIFICATIONS     OF     PHARMACY     TEACHERS. 


A  RE.VL  diagnosis  of  the  qualifications  that  the 
teacher  in  a  college  of  pharmacy  should  possess  is 
presented  in  a  rei)ort  of  an  address  by  Dr.  Albert 
Schneider,  printed  in  the  April  issue  of  the  Journal 
of  the  A. Ph.A.  To  our  mind,  this  address  is  worthy 
of  consideration,  not  only  by  those  who  belong  to 
the  restricted  class  Imown  as  the  "professors," 
but  by  pharmacists  generally,  especiallj^  those  who 
have  banded  themselves  together  for  the  purpose 
of  maintaining  institutions  for  educational  pur- 
poses along  pharmaceutical  lines.  Within  certain 
limits,  the  teacher,  like  the  poet,  "is  bom,  not 
made."  Instruction,  as  we  understand  it,  is  the 
name  given  to  the  teacher's  share  in  the  process, 
or  processes,  through  which  the  student  acquires 
knowledge  or  habits  of  skill.  Of  course,  these  proc- 
esses are  primarily  and  essentially  the  work  of  the 
learner  himself,  but  it  is  the  province  of  instruction 
to  facilitate  them. 

It  follows  that  if  the  teacher  would  develop  the 
activity  of  the  student's  mind,  thereby  evolving 
the  consequent  foi-mation  of  knowledge,  he  must  be 
qualified  to  bridge  the  boundary  line  betw'een  the 
intelligence  of  the  student  and  the  stuff  out  of 
which  knowledge  is  made,  an  effort  which  calls 
for  the  highest  type  of  intellect  and  qualification. 
Unless  the  teacher  possesses  this  psychological 
groundwork,  he  is  handicapped  in  his  effort  to 
teach  othei-s.  The  individual  who  cannot  acquire 
a  comprehensive  view  of  the  mental  systems  and 
perceptions  is  not  a  natural-bom  teacher,  which  is 
another  way  of  paraphrasing  the  statement  that 
teachers  are  bom,  not  made. 

The  development  of  knowledge  operates  along . 
certain  well-defined  lines  fi'om  a  lower  to  a  higher 
stage  of  mental  effort,  and  the  ideal  knowledge  is 
really  a  completely  unified  system.  To  this  end 
there  must  be  co-ordination  and  correlation  of  in- 
struction that  will  place  the  divisions  of  study 
upon  a  logical  basis,  a  condition  that  far  too  fre- 
quently is  lost  sight  of  in  the  curriculum  of  many 
a  college  of  pharmacy. 

Pharmacy  is  built  on  many  divisions  of  science, 
and  method  in  science  teaching  must  take  the  form 
of  investigation,  for  the  facts  must  be  established 
before  a  successful  attempt  can  be  made  to  inter- 
pret them.  How  important,  then,  that  the  teacher 
in  pharmacy  should  have  an  educational  acquisi- 
tion wider  and  broader  than  that  given  by  the 
college  in  which  he  desires  to  teach,  a  very  strong 
point  in  Dr.  Schneider's  address.  The  work  of 
successfully  instructing  others  calls  for  a  mental 
equipment  of  the  highest  type,  a  knowledge  of 
pedagog}',  of  science  in  general,  of  practical  drug- 
store work,  and  of  the  multitudinous  manufactur- 
ing and  commercial  problems  of  the  day.  If  these 
qualifications  in  the  instructor  are  conceded,  they 


jVIat,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


203 


must  carry  with  them  due  recognition  by  a  just 
remuneration  for  such  ability.  The  great  sacrifices 
that  teachers  in  colleges  of  pharmacy  have  made 
and  are  making  without  hope  of  financial  reward 
excite  our  admiration,  but  the  laborer  is  worthy 
of  his  hire,  and  with  Dr.  Schneider  we  hope  that 
"the  time  will  soon  come  when  competent  instruc- 
tors will  be  paid  salaries  high  enough  so  that  they 
may  without  resen'ation  devote  their  whole  time 
to  the  work." 


THE    NEW    ERA    FORMULARY. 


At  various  times  recently  we  have  called  atten- 
tion to  the  new  edition  of  the  Era  Formulary  just 
issued,  and  it  is  with  some  degi'ee  of  satisfaction 
that  we  have  read  the  various  commendatory  ex- 
pressions that  have  been  sent  to  us  concerning  the 
character  and  scope  of  the  book.  Some  of  the 
writers  have  told  us  that  the.y  have  already  put  it 
into  practical  use  in  their  workshops  and  labora- 
tories, just  the  places  where  we  believe  it  will  prove 
most  serviceable.  As  a  supplement  to  the  Pharma- 
copoeia and  dispensatories  the  book  will  occupy  an 
important  position. 

It  is  from  such  a  work  that  the  average  indi- 
vidual, especially  if  he  be  engaged  in  any  manu- 
facturing enterprise,  may  find  suggestions  for  a 
new  line  of  effort,  and  a  collection  of  formulas  may 
be  made  to  yield  good  returns  if  the  manufacturer 
will  try  this  material  out.  The  chances  are  that  in 
this  collection  of  nearly  8000  formulas  he  can  find 
something  that  will  fit  into  his  business,  for  there 
are  formiilas  designated  to  meet  the  wants  and 
needs  of  a  wide  field  of  workers — the  manufac- 
turer, druggist,  soda-fountain  operator,  ice-cream 
manufacturer,  veterinarian,  agriculturist,  painter, 
in  fact,  artisans  in  all  handicrafts,  and  household- 
ers generally.  All  of  these  will  find  this  book 
replete  with  suggestions  for  specialties  of  nearly 
every  kind  for  which  there  is  a  demand.  The  large 
number  of  such  preparations  on  the  market  is 
indisputable  evidence  of  this  demand,  and  also  of 
the  fact  that  articles  of  this  character  do  yield 
good  financial  returns.  We  can  commend  the  Era 
Formulary  as  answering  the  requirements  for  an 
up-to-date  work  of  this  character. 


Books  Reviewed 


EXPORTERS'  ENCYCLOPAEDIA.  Tenth  Edition  (1914).  Con- 
taining full  and  authentic  information  relative  to  shipments  for 
every  country  in  the  world.  8vo.,  1136  pages.  Cloth,  $7.50 
(including  monthly  corrections  and  the  "Exporters'  Review" 
for  the  calendar  year).     New  York.     Exporters'  Encyclopaedia  Co. 

This  book  is  a  recognized  standard  authority  among  export 
shippers  and  has  the  strongest  endorsements  of  the  transporta- 
tion lines,  e.xport  houses,  manufacturers,  etc.,  engaged  in  e.xport 
trade,  being  in  use,  it  is  claimed,  by  more  than  5000  of  the 
best  class  of  manufacturers  in  the  United  States  and  Canada. 
An  e.xamination  of  the  work  shows  that  it  is  a  real  encyclo- 
paedia of  this  kind  of  information.  Among  other  things  it 
gives  the  essential  facts  relating  to  the  proper  choice  of  ship- 
ping routes  to  every  place,  whether  a  through  bill  of  lading  to 
that  place  can  be  obtained  or,  if  not,  the  nearest  port  to  which 
such  a  bill  may  be  obtained,  as  also  complete  information 
concerning  the  observance  of  custom  regulations,  marking,  docu- 
mentation, packing  and  forwarding.     Some  of  tlie  related  sub- 


jects which  receive  treatment  are:  Conversion  tables  showing 
values  of  foreign  weights,  measures  and  coinage ;  explanation 
of  commercial  terms ;  foreign  trade-mark  protection ;  cable 
rates,  postage  rates,  money-order  system  (foreign),  parcel 
post  to  foreign  countries,  freight  rates,  duties,  explosives,  fire 
risks,  etc.  The  importance  of  this  kind  of  information  to  the 
exporter  cannot  be  overestimated,  as  failure  to  observe  the  con- 
ditions which  apply  to  shipments  of  goods  to  foreign  countries 
in\'ariably  results  in  fines,  delays,  annoyance  to  customers  and, 
eventually,  loss  of  business.  The  Encyclopaedia  is  published 
armually  as  a  supplement  to  the  Exporters'  Review,  a  well- 
known  monthly  journal  devoted  to  the  export  and  import  in- 
terests of  .American  trade. 


MINERAL  RESOURCES  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES.  Calendar 
year  1912.  8vo.,  in  Two  Parts.  Part  I,  Metals,  1079  pages; 
Part  II,  Non-metals,  1218  pages.  Washington.  Government 
Printing  Office. 

This  report  on  the  mineral  resources  of  the  United  States, 
which  covers  the  calendar  year  1912,  completes  the  third 
decade  of  the  work  of  the  division  of  mineral  resoiu-ces,  first 
authorized  in  1882.  With  the  experience  of  these  years  those 
in  charge  of  the  work  have  developed  a  high  degree  of  exacti- 
tude in  the  matter  of  statistical  treatment,  and  the  statements 
of  production,  consumption,  etc.,  presented  in  these  volumes 
are  the  results  of  an  annual  census  of  the  entire  mining  indus- 
try. Of  the  development  of  the  various  phases  of  this  industry, 
it  is  recorded  that  in  the  31  years  from  1882  to  1912  inclusive, 
the  value  of  the  mineral  products  of  the  country  has  increased 
from  $451,901,159  to  52,243,630,326.  It  is  estimated  that  the 
population  of  the  United  States  in  1912  numbered  95,610,000 
persons,  which  would  give  for  each  inhabitant,  in  value  of 
production,  an  average  of  $23.47.  The  metallic  products  in 
1912  were  valued  at  $867,103,085;  the  non-metallic  products 
at  $1,376,027,241,  while  the  largest  quantity  and  greatest  value 
of  all  the  minerals  are  represented  by  the  output  of  the  coal 
mines. 

These  volumes  contain  a  vast  amount  of  material  of  direct 
interest  to  the  pharmacist,  especially  if  he  be  engaged  in  any 
kind  of  manufacturing  based  on  the  use  of  these  natural  prod- 
ucts. The  information  given  concerning  the  production  and 
uses  of  arsenic;  of  borax,  which  as  "raw  material"  is  found 
in  so  many  places  and  in  such  quantities  in  relation  to  the 
limited  demand  for  borax  and  boric  acid  in  the  present  market, 
that  there  need  be  no  fear  of  catastrophe  to  our  domestic 
production;  of  potash,  the  economical  extraction  of  which  has 
been  and  is  being  thoroughly  investigated  by  experts  of  econo- 
mic geology;  of  bromine,  lead,  fuller's  earth,  graphite,  infuso- 
rial earth,  mineral  waters,  platinum,  pumice,  quicksilver,  soap- 
stone,  sulphur,  etc.,  is  so  comprehensive  and  helpful  that  each 
pharmacist  should  endeavor  to  "work"  his  representative  in 
Congress  for  a  copy. 


MAKING  A  DRUG  STORE  PAY.  By  Frank  Farrington,  author 
of  "Selling  Suggestions,"  "Talks  by  the  Old  Store  Keeper," 
etc.  Svo.,  303  pages.  Cloth,  $2.  New  York:  The  Ronald 
Press  Co. 

This  book  is  said  to  contain  the  true  story  of  Mr.  Farring- 
ton's  experiences  in  the  drug  business  from  the  time  he  started,  • 
and  whatever  may  be  one's  preconceived  opinion  of  how  a 
drug  store  should  be  conducted  to  become  a  paying  institution, 
he  is  sure  to  conclude  when  he  has  read  this  book  through, 
that  the  author  has  actually  passed  through  the  vicissitudes  of 
drug-store  life  and  that  he  did  develop  the  business  from 
practically  nothing  to  a  significant  success.  As  internal  evi- 
dence of  this  experience  he  gives  the  details  of  his  methods, 
the  figures  of  his  business,  an  account  of  his  struggles  with 
competition,  advertising  plans,  his  successful  and  unsuccessful 
side-lines,  etc.,  all  factors  which  must  be  considered  by  every 
pharmacist  who  would  rise  in  the  world.  All  of  the  side- 
lines named  are  treated  more  or  less  explicitly  in  the  book, 
and  the  treatment  in  each  instance  is  supplemented  by  copies 
of  the  advertisements  in  just  the  form  they  were  originally 
used.  The  majority  of  the  readers  of  pharmaceutical  journals 
are  more  or  less  familiar  with  the  author's  many  contributions 
on  the  subject  of  advertising  for  retailers,  and  this  new  book 
will  appeal  not  only  to  them,  but  to  others  who  are  looking 
for  hints  and  suggestions  for  extending  their  businesses  along 
modern  commercial  lines.  The  advertisements  given  number 
about  200  and  are  so  arranged  that  any  druggist  can  take  them 
from  the  book  bodily  and  use  them  for  his  own  store. 


204 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  19U 


What  the  Retail  Druggist  Really  Needs  — .-J  .s^///^/v  ///  Conditions. 


LOUIS  K.  LIGGETT,  in  his  recently  concluded  series  of 
articles  on  "Pharmacy  in  the  Past  Twenty-five  Years," 
advanced  the  proposition  that  many  druggists  pay  too 
high  a  cost  of  doing  business;  that  "many  druggists  arc  poor 
business  men,  although  one  hesitates  to  say  it;  and  that  often 
they  derive  tlieir  first  knowledge  of  the  condition  of  their 
business  from  llie  figures  of  the  receiver  when  they  go  into 
bankruptcy."  ^Ir.  Liggett  cited  antiquated  methods  of  book- 
keeping, neglecting  the  inventory,  and  lack  of  knowledge  of 
actual  profits  because  costs  were  not  figured  correctly.  He 
then  pointed  to  the  changes  that  are  being  brought  about 
through  mechanical  aids  such  as  the  cash  register  and  tabu- 
lating machines,  such  assistants  being  largely  responsible 
for  the  transmutation  of  the  druggist  from  the  "guesser  to  the 
man  of  business." 

Taken  apart  from  the  accompanying  text  these  charges 
seem  severe;  when  considered  from  the  viewpoint  of  a  modern 
efficiency  expert  there  is  in  them  more  than  a  modicum  of 
truth. 

Within  the  past  few  months  there  has  been  an  intelligent 
and  systematic  attempt  on  the  part  of  both  drug  journals  and 
associations — and  notably  in  New  York  by  a  series  of  special 
meetings  at  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy,  at  which 
business  experts  answered  business  problems — to  reach  some 
common  basis  of  consideration  of  the  difficulties  encountered 
by  every  retail  druggist.  The  plaint  is  heard  that  the  "chain 
store  is  responsible,"  that  "the  price-cutter  is  ruining  the 
business,"  that  "the  dispensing  doctor  is  taking  the  prescrip- 
tion business  away  from  the  pharmacy,"  that  "the  department 
store  drug  departments  are  driving  the  little  fellows  to  the 
wall."  Many  another  similar  charge  could  be  brought,  for 
every  "e.xperience  meeting"  of  every  R.D.A.  is  punctuated  by 
such   complaints  of  "unfair  competition." 

We  are  of  the  candid  opinion  that  these  manifestations  of 
pessimism  are  not  symptomatic  of  financial  breakdown  or 
commercial  prostration,  but,  rather,  indicative  of  the  need  for 
a  change  in  treatment.  It  strikes  us  that  it  might  be  well 
to  let  old  Dr.  Well-enough-alone  go,  and  call  in  Dr.  Modern 
Business  Methods. 

There  has  been  a  marked  change  in  the  merchandising 
methods  of  this  country  during  even  the  past  decade.  The 
whole  system  of  retail  pharmacy  has  been  made  over  within 
the  past  quarter  century.  The  back-room  laboratory  of  the 
average  drug  store  is  today  principally  a  storage  room  for 
the  products  of  the  commercial  laboratory  and  the  proprietary 
house.  The  front  store  has  banished  the  sign  manual  of  the 
apothecary  shop,  and  has  become  a  general  store,  embracing 
more  and  more  lines  as  time  passes.  The  druggist  "doctor" 
of  the  old  type  is,  with  few  exceptions,  as  seldom  found  as 
the  whaling  captain  of  old  New  England,  the  stage-coach 
driver  of  the  West,  or  the  Mississippi  pilot  of  Mark  Twain. 
There  are  exceptions,  but  they  are  few. 

There  are  more  live-wire  successes  among  the  druggists  in 


this  country  than  ever  before.  Changes  in  business  methods 
have  created  them — when  they  have  not  created  the  methods. 
The  "big"  drug  store  of  today  is  as  scientifically  efficient  in 
its  every  department  as  any  of  the  quasi-public-service  cor- 
porations. While  probably  the  best  example  of  a  general 
business  possible  to  cite — if  wc  except  the  department  store — 
it  is  yet  one  of  the  best  e.>;amples  of  specialization,  due  to  the 
adoption  of  tlie  department  idea,  and  the  development  of  many 
branches  of  endeavor  within  the  corporate  whole.  There  is 
apparently  no  limit  to  the  variety  of  goods  handled  by  the 
"big"  drug  store. 

But  all  drug  stores  are  not  "big"  stores  and  could  never  be — 
what  can  be  offered  the  small  druggist?  What  can  he  do  to 
escape  the  till-ravaging  department  store,  the  five-and-ten  and 
the  cigar,  confectionery  and  ice-cream-selling  rivals  "just 
around  the  corner"  ?  How  can  he  not  only  meet  competition 
but  better  it? 

These  are  real  questions  asked  by  real  druggists — by  men 
some  of  whom  have  grown  old  in  the  service  of  the  public. 
They  are  voicing  a  real  hurt  when  they  protest  in  association 
meetings;  and  in  reply  they  want,  not  verbal  consolation,  but 
workable  suggestions  from  druggists  who  have  solved  similar 
problems   for   themselves. 

It  is  not  merely  a  question  of  meeting  competition;  it  is 
not  enough  to  know  costs  and  allot  overhead  before  charging 
up  profits;  it  is  not  enough  to  know  how  to  balance  the  loss 
on  cut-rate  goods  by  the  sales  of  "own  make"  goods  with  a 
larger  percentage  of  emolument.  It  is  not  enough  to  be  told 
to  sell  "side-lines"  and  then  more  "side-lines" ;  or  to  develop 
the  ice-cream  business  or  the  soda-water  business — or  the 
wall  paper,  cut  glass,  cut  flower,  or  coal  agency  business  as 
some  druggists  have  done  and  are  doing. 

What  does  the  retail  druggist  really  need?  That  is  the 
question  the  Era  has  submitted  to  more  than  twoscore  of  the 
representative  successful  drug  men  of  this  country — men  who 
have  forced  their  way  out  of  the  ruck  and  stand  admittedly 
among  those  who  have  made  a  success,  and  the  first  instalment 
of  this  discussion  will   appear   in   the   June   issue  of  the   Era. 

We  believe  that  the  opportunities  for  success  in  the  retail 
drug  business  in  this  country  were  never  more  general  than 
they  are  today;  but  we  are  of  the  opinion — and  we  think 
this  will  be  borne  out  in  the  forthcoming  issues  of  the  Era 
in  which  this  presentation  of  the  essentials  of  better  business 
is  to  appear — that  in  modernization  in  store,  in  merchandising 
methods,  in  service,  and  in  the  mental  attitude  of  the  drug- 
gist himself  will  be  found  the  solution  to  many  of  the  dif- 
ficulties now  experienced.  We  believe  a  druggist  can  be  truly 
ethical  even  if  he  sells  50  side-lines — we  know  that  there  is  no 
longer  a  place  commercially  for  the  little  old  drug  shop  with 
its  atmosphere  of  mystery,  its  fly-papered  windows  and  dusty 
bottles.  Sanitation,  service,  security  and  salesmanship  spe'l 
success.  But  how  to  ensure  it — that  will  be  the  warp  and 
th;  woof  of  the  articles  now  in  preparation. 


An  Appeal  from  Honduras. 


Ben  R.  Leigh,  of  La  Ceiba,  Blamed  for  Disastrous  Fire  Which 
Originated  While  He  Was  Asleep — Held  for  Trial  ii  a 
Result. 

La  Ceiba,  Honduras,  March  26,  1914. 
My  Dear  Sir: 

Since  writing  you  last  time  a  great  big  mass  of  misfortune 
has  befallen  me. 

On  the  7th  a  terrible  fire  visited  Ceiba  and  nearly  wiped  the 
little  town  off  the  Central  American  map. 

The  fire  seems  to  have  originated  in  my  place  of  business, 
and  because  I  was  in  bed  asleep  and  did  not  extinguish  the 
fire  a  bunch  of  drunken  natives  started  the  cry  that  I  %vas  to 
blame  for  it,  and  the  first  thing  I  knew  I  was  arrested  and 
am  now  being  held  to  appear  before  the  court  here. 

Not  being  an  over-wealthy  man  and  not  having  a  wealthy 
family  to  draw  on  for  attorney's  fees  I  find  it  necessary  to 
appeal  to  my  druggist  friends  in  the  States  for  a  temporary 


advancement  of  a  few  good  American  dollars  to  help  me  out 
and  I  ask  your  support  and  that  of  the  drug  press  along  these 
lines. 

Hon.  W.  J.  Bryan,  through  the  State  Department,  has  in- 
structed the  American  Consul  here  to  see  that  I  get  a  fair  trial 
but  that  is  as  far  as  they  can  go — they  cannot  furnish  funds 
for  my  defence,  and  as  my  savings  amounted  to  only  one-sixth 
of  the  necessary  $1500  (3000  Pesos)  I  am  forced  to  ask  outside 
assistance. 

Would  it  be  asking  too  much  of  you  to  run  an  article  asking 
the  druggists  over  the  country  to  help  a  brother  druggist  who 
is  falsely  charged  with  arson  and  whom  the  American  consul 
here  will  vouch  for  his  innocence? 

My  attorney  informs  me  that  it  will  require  about  two 
months  to  clear  me. 

During  my  14  months  as  manager  of  Reynolds  &  Co.,  Botica 
Atlantida,  I  purchased  goods  from  the  following  New  York 
firms:  J.  &  J.  Colgate,  Humphreys  Homo.  Rem.  Co.,  Davis 
Lawrence  Co.,  American  Soda  Co. 

Awaiting  your  favors,  etc.,  etc.,  I  am,  fraternally  yours, 

Ben.  R.  Leigh. 


May,  191-i] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


205 


Changes  in  the  New  Pharmacopoeia.* 

Condensed  abstract  of  Proposed  Definitions  and  Standards 
Relating  to  Drugs  of  Vegetable  and  Animal  Origin  submitted 
by  the  Committee  of  Revision  for  incorporation  into  the  next 
edition  of  the  Pharmacopoeia. 

(Continued  from  page  155  April  Era.) 

Cambogia — When  rubbed  with  water  it  should  yield  a  yellow 
emulsion  becoming  darker  and  almost  transparent  upon  the 
addition  of  ammonia  water.  The  emulsion  should  not  turn 
green  upon  the  addition  of  iodine  T.S.  (starch).  Powder: 
Bright  yellow,  containing  few  or  no  starch  grains.  Not  less 
than  65  per  cent,  soluble  in  alcohol.  Ash  not  exceeding  2 
per  cent. 

Cannabis — The  dried  flowering  tops  of  the  pistillate  plants 
of  Cannabis  sativa  Linne,  or  of  the  variety  indica  Lamarck 
(Fam.  Jloraceje),  freed  from  the  thicker  stems  and  large  foliage 
leaves  and  with  not  more  than  10  per  cent,  of  mature  fruits 
(seeds).  In  dark  green,  more  or  less  brownish,  compressed, 
and  more  or  less  agglutinated,  resinous  fragments,  consisting 
of  the  short  stems  with  their  leaf-like  bracts  and  pistillate 
flowers,  a  few  of  the  latter  being  sometimes  replaced  with  more 
or  less  developed  fruits;  stems  cylindrical,  of  varying  length, 
not  more  than  3  mm.  in  diameter;  fruit  light  green  to  light 
brown,  broadly  ellipsoidal,  about  3.5  mm.  in  length;  finely 
wrinkled  and  slightly  reticulated;  odor  agreeably  aromatic; 
taste  characteristic.  Powder :  Dark  green,  giving  a  strong 
effervescence  on  the  addition  of  dilute  hydrochloric  acid; 
numerous  sharp-pointed  fragments  of  upper  portion  of  non- 
glandular  hairs;  fragments  of  bracts  and  leaves  show-ing  yel- 
lowish-brown laticiferous  vessels,  rosette  aggregates  of  calcium 
c.xalate  and  bases  of  non-glandular  hairs.  Alcoholic  extractive 
not  less  than  8  per  cent. ;  alcoholic  solution  bright  green  in 
color.     Ash  not  exceeding  IS  per  cent. 

Cantharis — -From  15  to  25  mm.  in  length,  5  to  8  mm.  in 
breadth,  oblong,  somewhat  compressed  above;  of  a  brilliant 
green  or  bluish-green,  metallic  luster,  changing  in  different 
parts,  especially  beneath,  to  a  golden-green ;  head  triangular, 
separated  into  two  lateral  lobes  by  a  faint  median  line;  man- 
dibles stout  and  partly  concealed;  antennae  filiform,  of  11  coni- 
cal joints,  the  upper  ones  being  black ;  eyes  comparatively 
small ;  prothorax  angulate ;  legs  with  five  tarsal  joints ;  wings 
membraneous  and  brownish ;  elytra  or  wing  sheaths  each  with 
2  parallel  lines  and  finely  wrinkled;  odor  strong,  disagreeable; 
taste  slight,  afterwards  acrid.  Powder:  Grayish-brown,  with 
shining  green  particles  and  a  number  of  long,  pointed,  1-celled 
hairs  about  0.5  mm.  in  length  and  0.002  mm.  in  width.  Mois- 
ture not  more  than  10  per  cent.     Ash  not  exceeding  9  per  cent. 

Capsicum— The  fruit  may  include  not  more  than  2  per  cent, 
of  stems,  calyxes  and  other  foreign  matter.  Oblong-conical, 
from  8  to  20  mm.  in  length  and  from  2  to  15  mm.  in  diameter; 
pericarp  brownish-red  or  orange,  shining,  membraneous  and 
translucent;  2-  or  3-locular,  united  below,  and  containing  6  to 
17  flat,  reniform,  yellowish  seeds  attached  to  the  placenta  or 
frequently  separated  from  it ;  calyx  light  greenish-brown,  in- 
ferior, inconspicuous,  5-toothed,  usually  attached  to  a  long, 
straight  peduncle;  odor  characteristic;  sternutatory;  taste  in- 
tensely pungent.  Powder :  Yellowish-brown ;  mounts  made 
with  hydrated  chloral  T.  S.  and  examined  under  the  microscope 
show  yellowish-red  oil  globules;  stone  cells  of  two  kinds,  those 
of  the  endocarp  and  of  the  seed  coat.  Non-volatile  ether- 
extract  not  less  than  IS  per  cent.  Total  ash  not  exceeding  7 
per  cent.  Ash  insoluble  in  hydrochloric  acid,  not  exceeding 
1  per  cent. 

Cardamomi  Semen — The  dried  seeds  of  Elettaria  Carda- 
momum  White  et  Maton  (Fam.  Zingiberaceae),  which  should 
be  kept  in  the  capsules  until  wanted  for  use.  Mostly  aggluti- 
nated in  groups  of  from  2  to  7,  the  individual  seeds,  oblong- 
ovoid  in  outline,  3-  or  irregularly  4-sided ;  odor  aromatic ;  taste 
aromatic,  pungent.  Capsules  broadly  or  narrowly  ellipsoidal, 
occasionally  ovoid,  more  or  less  triangular  in  transverse  section, 
from  10  to  20  mm.  in  length;  externally  usually  of  a  pale  buff 
color  or  whitish  or  greenish-brown ;  longitudinally  striate ;  3- 
locular;  pericarp  thin;  leathery,  and  nearly  tasteless,  enclosing 
from  10  to  20  seeds.  Powder:  Greenish-brown;  consisting 
chiefly  of  coarse,  angular  fragments  of  cells  of  the  reserve  layers 


*Peimission  to  use  granted  by  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees,  United  States  Pharmacopoeial  Convention. 


and  seed-coat;   cells  of  endosperm  and  perisperm   filled  with 
compound  starch  grains.     Ash  not  exceeding  8  per  cent. 

Carum — Mericarps  usually  separ.Tted,  crescent-shaped,  from 
3  to  7  mm.  in  length,  about  1.5  mm.  in  diameter;  externally 
dark  brown  with  5  yellowish  filiform  ribs;  in  transverse  sec- 
tion nearly  equilaterally  pentagonal,  the  commissural  surface 
with  two  vittae,  the  dorsal  surface  with  a  vitta  between  each 
of  the  primary  ribs;  oily  endosperm  large,  enclosing  a  small 
embrj'o;  odor  and  taste  agreeably  aromatic.  Description  of 
characteristics  under  the  microscope  is  given.  Powder:  Yel- 
lowish-brown, mostly  of  irregular,  angular  fragments;  cells  of 
endosperm  with  aleurone  grains  each  usually  containing  a 
rosette  aggregate  of  calcium  oxalate  about  0.001  mm.  in  dia- 
meter; fragments  with  light  yellow  vittae,  together  witli  nearly 
isodiametric  or  polygonal,  yellovi-ish-brown,  inner  epidermal  cells 
of  pericarp ;  fragments  with  tracheae  and  sclerenchymatous 
fibres,  the  latter  about  0.010  mm.  in  width,  slightly  lignified 
and  with  numerous  oblique  pores.  Ash  not  exceeding  8  per 
cent. 

Caryophyllus — The  dried  flower-bud  of  Eugenia  aromatica 
(Linne)  O.  Kuntze,  (Jambosa  Caryophyllus)  (Sprengel)  Nie- 
denzu  (Fam.  Mynaceae),  with  not  more  than  S  per  cent,  of 
the  peduncles,  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  From  10  to 
17.5  mm.  in  length,  of  a  dark  brown  or  brownish-black  color, 
consisting  of  a  stem-like,  solid,  inferior  ovary,  obscurely  four- 
angled  or  somewhat  compressed,  terminated  by  four  calyx  teeth, 
and  surmounted  by  a  nearly  globular  head,  consisting  of  four 
petals,  which  enclose  numerous  curved  stamens  and  one  style; 
odor  strongly  aromatic ;  taste  pungent  and  aromatic,  followed 
by  slight  numbness.  On  pressure  clove  emits  a  volatile  oil. 
Stems  either  separate  or  attached  to  the  flower-buds;  sub- 
cylindrical  or  four-angled,  attaining  a  length  of  25  mm.,  a 
diameter  of  4  mm. ;  either  simple  or  branching,  distinctly  jointed 
and  less  aromatic  than  the  flower-buds.  Powder :  Varying 
from  dark  brown  to  reddish-brown;  consisting  chiefly  of  cellu- 
lar fragments  showing  the  large  oil  reservoirs,  spiral  tracheae 
and  a  few,  somewhat  thick-walled,  slightly  lignified,  spindle- 
shaped  bast-fibres;  calcium  oxalate  in  rosette  aggregates,  from 
0.010  to  0.015  mm.  in  diameter;  pollen  grains  numerous,  tetra- 
hedral,  somewhat  ellipsoidal,  from  0.015  to  0.020  mm.  in  diameter. 
The  presence  of  stems  in  the  powder  is  shown  by  stone  cells 
of  irregular,  polygonal  shape,  about  0.070  mm.  in  diameter, 
with  thick,  porous  walls  and  large  lumina,  the  latter  frequently 
filled  with  a  yellow^sh-brown  amorphous  substance.  Volatile 
ether-extract  not  less  than  10  per  cent.  Total  ash  not  exceeding 
8  per  cent.  Ash  insoluble  in  hydrochloric  acid  not  exceeding 
0.5  per  cent. 

Chondrus — The  dried  plant  of  Chondrus  crispus  (Linne) 
Stackhouse  and  Gigartina  mamillosa  (Goodenough  et  Wood- 
ward) J.  Agardh  (Fam.  Gigartinaceae).  Entire  plants  more  or 
less  matted  together,  consisting  of  a  slender  stalk  from  which 
arises  a  series  of  dichotomously  branching,  more  or  less  flat- 
tened segments,  emarginate  or  deeply  cleft  at  the  tips;  5  to  15 
cm.  in  length,  segments  1  to  10  mm  in  width,  yellowish- 
white,  translucent,  frequently  coated  with  a  calcareous  organic 
deposit  which  effervesces  with  hydrochloric  acid;  sometimes 
with  fruit  bodies  or  sporangia  embedded  near  the  ape.x  of  the 
segments  in  C.  crispus  or  with  sporangia  borne  on  short,  tuber- 
culated  projections  or  stalks,  more  or  less  scattered  over  the 
upper  portion  of  the  segments  in  G.  mamillosa,  somewhat 
cartilaginous;  odor  slight;  taste  mucilaginous,  saline.  Boil  one 
part  of  chondrus  for  about  10  minutes  with  30  parts  of  water 
and  replace  the  water  lost  by  evaporation;  the  solutions  should 
form  a  thick  jelly  upon  cooling.  When  softened  in  cold  water 
chondrus  should  become  gelatinous,  and  transparent,  the 
thallus  remaining  nearly  smooth  and  uniform  and  not  swollen 
except  slightly  at  the  tips;  a  solution  made  by  boiling  0.300 
gm.  in  100  cc.  of  water  and  filtering  gives  no  precipitate  on  the 
addition  of  tannic  acid  T.S.  (gelatin),  and  does  not  give  a 
blue  color  when  cold,  upon  the  addition  of  iodine  T.S.  (starch). 

Cimicifuga — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  2  per  cent, 
of  stems  and  foreign  matter.  Rhizome  horizontal,  more  or  less 
branching,  from  2  to  12  cm.  in  length,  from  1  to  2.5  cm.  in 
thickness;  externally  dark  brown,  slightly  annulate  from  cir- 
cular scars  of  bud-scale  leaves,  the  upper  surface  with  numerous 
stout,  erect  or  somewhat  curved  branches  terminated  by  deep 
cup-shaped  scars  each  of  which  usually  shows  a  distinct  radiate 
structure;  interior  and  lateral  portions  with  numerous  root- 
scars  and  a  few  short  roots;  fracture  homy;  internally  whitish 
and  mealy  or  dark  brown  and  waxy,  bark  thin,  wood  distinctly 


206 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[Mat,  1914 


radiate  and  of  about  the  same  thickness  as  the  pith ;  odor  slight ; 
taste  bitter  and  acrid.  Roots  somewhat  cjlindrical  or  obtusely 
quadrangular,  1  to  3  mm.  in  thickness  e.\temally  dark  brow-n, 
longitudinally  wrinkled,  fracture  short;  internally,  bark  dark 
brown,  wood  yellowish.  4-  to  6-rayed.  Powder:  Light  to  dark 
brown;  starch  grains  numerous,  single  or  compound,  the  indi- 
vidual grains  spherical  or  more  or  less  polygonal,  each  with  a 
somewhat  central  deft,  from  0.003  to  0.015  mm.  in  diameter; 
fragments  showing  tracheje  with  bordered  pores  and  lignified 
wood  fibres;  irregular,  yellowish-brown  fragments  of  suberized 
epidermis  made  up  of  more  or  less  tabular  cells,  sometimes 
elongated  and  considerably  thickened.  Ash  not  exceeding  10 
per  cent. 

Cinchona — Added  to  the  former  description:  Externally  the 
bark  usually  shows  patches  of  foliaceous  lichens  with  their 
small,  brownish-black  apothecia.  Powder:  Reddish-brown; 
bast-fibres  spindle-shaped,  yellowish,  0.300  to  1.350  mm.  in 
length,  with  thick,  strongly  lignified,  lamellated  walls  having 
slit-like,  oblique  pores;  starch  grains  single,  2-  to  5-compound, 
the  individual  grains  spherical  or  plano-convex  and  from  0.003 
to  0.015  mm.  in  diameter;  sphenoidal  micro-crystab  of  calcium 
oxalate  numerous.  Heat  1  gm.  of  powdered  cinchona  in  a  dry 
test-tube;  a  tarry  distillate  should  form,  having  a  purplish- 
red  color  and  a  somewhat  granular  appearance. 

Cinchona  Rubra — In  quills  or  curi'ed  pieces  of  variable 
length,  bark  from  2  to  4  mm.  in  thickness;  or  in  small  broken 
fragments  or  in  transversely  cur%'ed  pieces  from  3  to  7  mm. 
in  thickness;  externally  gray  or  grayish-brown,  more  or  less 
rough  from  corky  protuberances,  sometimes  with  transverse 
fissures,  rarely  numerous  or  much  intersected,  and  having  their 
sides  sloping  and  with  occasional  patches  of  foliaceous  lichens; 
inner  surface  reddish-  or  orange-brown,  distinctly  striate;  frac- 
ture short  and  granular  in  the  outer  bark,  shortly  and  rather 
coarsely  splintery  in  the  iimer  bark;  slightly  odorous;  taste 
very  bitter  and  astringent.  Powder:  Light  brown;  bast-fibres 
and  sphenoidal  micro-crystals  of  calcium  oxalate  resembling 
those  in  cinchona;  starch  grains  resembling  those  of  cinchona, 
relatively  few,  from  0.003  to  0.010  mm.  in  diameter.  Heat  1 
gm.  of  powdered  red  cinchona  in  a  dry  test-tube;  a  tarry  dis- 
tillate should  form,  ha\-ing  a  bright  red  color. 

Cinnamomum  Saigonicum — In  quills  attaining  a  length  of  30 
cm.  and  from  3  to  30  mm.  in  diameter;  the  bark  from  0.5  to 
3  mm.  in  thickness:  outer  surface  light  brown  to  dark  purplish- 
brown  with  grayish  patches  of  foliaceous  lichens,  numerous 
bud-scars,  finely  wrinkled,  especially  the  bjirk  of  younger  twigs, 
otherwise  more  or  less  rough  from  corky  patches  surrounding 
the  lenticels ;  inner  surface  reddish-brown  to  dark  brown,  granu- 
lar, and  slightly  striate;  fracture  short;  inner  bark  porous, 
owing  to  the  presence  of  large  oil  celk;  and  separated  by  a 
continuous  layer  of  stone  cells  from  the  outer  bark.  Odor 
aromatic;  taste  sweetish,  aromatic  and  pungent.  Microscopical 
characteristics  are  given.  Powder:  Yellowish-  or  reddish- 
brown;  starch  grains  numerous,  single  or  compound,  the  indi- 
vidual grains  being  somewhat  ellipsoidal  or  polygonal  and  from 
0.003  to  0.020  mm.  in  diameter.  Volatile  ether-extract  not  less 
than  2  per  cent.  Total  ash  not  exceeding  6  per  cent.  Ash 
insoluble  in  diluted  hydrochloric  acid  not  exceeding  2  per  cent. 

Cinnamomum  Zeylanicum — The  dried  bark  of  cultivated  trees 
of  Cinnamomum  zeylanicum  Breyne  (Fam.  Lauraceae)  with 
not  more  than  3  per  cent,  of  the  outer  bark.  In  closely  rolled 
double  quills,  composed  of  from  7  to  12  thin  layers  of  separate 
pieces  of  bark,  from  30  to  50  cm.  in  length  and  from  8  to  13 
mm.  in  diameter;  the  bark  attaining  a  thickness  of  1  mm.; 
outer  surface  pale  yellowish-brown,  smooth,  longitudinally 
striate  with  narrow  yellowish  groups  of  bast-fibres,  and  show- 
ing circular  or  irregular  brownish  patches,  occasionally  with 
perforations  marking  the  nodes;  inner  surface  light  brown, 
with  faint,  longitudinal  striations;  fracture  short  with  pro- 
jecting bast-fibres;  odor  agreeably  aromatic;  taste  sweetish  and 
warmly  aromatic.  Powder :  Light  brown  or  yellowish-brown ; 
starch  grains  numerous,  varying  from  spherical  to  polygonal, 
from  0.003  to  0.020  mm.  in  diameter,  frequently  in  small  aggre- 
gates; cork  cells  few  or  none;  calcium  oxalate  in  raphides  from 
0.005  to  0.008  mm.  in  length.  \'olatile  ether-extract  not  less 
than  0.5  per  cent.  Total  ash  not  exceeding  6  per  cent.  Ash 
insoluble  in  dJuted  hydrochloric  acid,  not  exceeding  2  per  cent. 

Coccus — The  dried  female  insect  enclosing  her  young  larvae. 
Coccus  Cacti  Linne  (Fam.  Coccidae).  Somewhat  ovate  in  out- 
line, convex  above,  concave  beneath,  from  3.5  to  5  mm.  in 
length,  consisting  of  from  9  to  12  segments;  externally  grayish- 


purple,  or  grayish;  in  the  shell-like,  somewhat  homy  abdomen 
lie  numerous  lar\'ae  less  than  1  mm.  in  size;  the  mature  larvae 
with  antenna;  consisting  of  eight  parts,  3  pairs  of  legs,  the 
lower  being  with  6  to  S  segments,  and  a  characteristic  beak 
or  rostrum  composed  of  4  thread-like  parts  which  pair  off  into 
two  coils.  Cochineal  is  easily  pulverizable  and  yields  a  dark 
red  powder;  with  a  characteristic  odor  and  slightly  bitter  taste. 
When  masticated  it  colors  the  saliva  red,  due  to  the  coloring 
principle,  carminic  acid,  which  is  soluble  in  water,  alcohol,  or 
alkalies,  and  slightly  soluble  in  ether,  but  insoluble  in  fi.xed  and 
volatile  oils.  Alkalies  should  change  the  color  of  solutions  of 
cochineal  to  purple,  while  acids  should  change  the  color  to 
reddish-yellow.  When  macerated  in  water  no  insoluble  powder 
should  separate.     Ash  not  exceeding  6  per  cent. 

Colchici  Cormus — Usually  in  reniform  transverse,  or  in  ovate 
longitudinal  slices;  from  2  to  5  mm.  in  thickness;  flat  sur- 
faces whitish,  slightly  roughened,  and  of  a  crystalline  appear- 
ance under  the  hand  lens;  epidermal  surface  thin,  light  brown 
and  finely  wrinkled ;  fracture  short  and  mealy,  odor  slight ; 
taste  bitter  and  acrid.  Powder:  Light  brown  or  grayish- 
brown;  starch  grains  numerous,  single  or  2-  to  6-compound,  the 
individual  grains  varying  from  spherical  or  ovoid  to  polygonal, 
and  marked  with  a  triangular  or  star-shaped,  central  cleft  from 
0.003  to  0.030  mm.  in  diameter,  tracheie  few  and  with  spiral  or 
scalariform  thickenings;  occasional  fragments  of  epidermal  cells 
with  thin,  reddish-brown  walls. 

Colchici  Semen — The  seeds  should  be  dried;  ovoid  or  irre- 
gularly globular,  more  or  less  pointed  at  the  hilum,  from  2  to  3 
mm.  in  diameter;  when  fresh,  several  seeds  cohering;  externally 
dark  brown,  finely  pitted;  tough  and  of  almost  bony  hardness; 
internally  whitish  or  light  brown;  nearly  inodorous;  taste 
slightly  bitter  and  somewhat  acrid.  Ash  not  exceeding  8  per 
cent. 

Colocynthis — The  dried  pulp  of  the  fruit  of  Citrullus  Colo- 
cynthis  Schrader  (Fam.  Cucurbitaceae),  with  not  more  than  5 
per  cent,  of  seeds,  nor  more  than  2  per  cent,  of  epicarp. 
Nearly  globular,  whole  fruits  from  4  to  7  cm.  in  diameter, 
usually  more  or  less  crushed  and  in  broken  pieces,  with  occa- 
sional patches  of  the  nearly  smooth  epicarp;  yellowish-white 
or  brownish;  light,  spongy;  separable  longitudinally  when  entire 
into  three  carpels,  each  containing  near  the  outer  surface,  the 
ovoid,  compressed,  yellowish  seeds;  odor  slight;  taste  intensely 
bitter.    Ash  not  exceeding  15  per  cent. 

Condurango — The  dried  bark  of  Marsdenia  Condurango 
Reichenbach  filius  (Fam.  Asclepiadaceae ) .  In  single  quills  or 
transversely  cur\ed  pieces,  usually  from  4  to  13.5  cm.  in  length, 
bark  from  1  to  6  mm.  in  thickness;  outer  surface  light  grayish- 
bromi  to  dark  brown,  nearly  smooth  and  with  numerous  lenti- 
cels, or  more  or  less  scaly  and  considerably  roughened,  the 
scales  soft,  occasionally  with  brownish-black  apothecia  of  a 
fungus;  inner  surface  grayish-white  or  light  brown,  longi- 
tudinally striate;  fractiu'e  short  and  granular  or  short-fibrous; 
odor  slightly  aromatic,  especially  marked  in  the  fresh  drug;  taste 
bitter  and  aromatic.  Microscopical  characterbtics  are  given. 
Powder:  Light  yellowish-brown ;  consisting  chiefly  of  frag- 
ments of  stone  cells  and  parenchyma  containing  calcium  oxalate 
crystals  and  starch  grains;  stone  cells  chiefly  in  large  groups, 
the  individual  cells  being  more  or  less  irregular  in  shape  with 
very  thick,  porous  walls,  the  lumina  being  usually  filled  with 
air;  calcium  oxalate  chiefly  in  rosette  aggregates,  occasionally 
in  single  prisms,  mostly  from  0.015  to  0.020  mm.  in  diameter; 
stairch  grains  mostly  single.  Macerate  1  gm.  of  the  powdered 
bark  in  5  cc.  of  cold  water,  filter  and  heat  the  filtrate  in  a 
test-tube;  it  should  become  very  cloudy  but  on  cooling  assimies 
its  original  transparency.     Ash  not  exceeding  12  per  cent. 

Convallaria — Rhizome  horizontal,  elongated,  usually  branched, 
cylindrical,  variable  in  length,  from  1  to  3  mm.  in  diameter; 
externally  yellowish-white  or  pale-brown,  with  a  few  circular 
stem-scars;  from  the  imder  and  side  portions  at  the  nodes 
usually  arise  from  3  to  5  thin,  tortuous,  dark  brown,  branching 
roots;  fracture  short  or  fibrous;  internally  whitish;  odor  faint; 
taste  sweetish,  becoming  bitter  and  acrid.  Microscopical 
characteristics  are  given.  Powder:  Dark  brown,  tending  to 
cake  on  standing,  consisting  chiefly  of  cellular  fragments  and 
a  few  starch  grains  and  raphides  of  calcium  oxalate;  cells  of 
endodermis  quite  long  with  slightly  oblique  ends;  the  walls 
being  considerably  thickened,  lignified  and  porous. 

Coriandrum — The  fruit  should  contain  not  more  than  5  per 
cent,  of  other  fruits,  seeds  and  other  foreign  matter.  Meri- 
Ci.rps  usually  coherent;  cremocarp  nearly  globular,  from  3  to  5 


Mat,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


207 


mm.  in  diameter;  externally  light  brown  or  rose  colored;  sum- 
mit with  5  calyx  teeth  ancJ  a  short  stylopodium,  each  mericarp 
with  5  prominent,  straight,  longitudinal  primary  ribs  and  4  indis- 
tinct, undulable,  secondary  ribs;  mericarps  easily  separated,  deeply 
prominent,  straight,  longitudinal  primary  ribs  and  4  indistinct, 
undulate,  secondary  ribs;  mericarps  easily  separated,  deeply 
concave  on  the  inner  or  commissural  surface  and  showing  in 
transverse  section  2  vittae  (oil-tubes)  on  the  inner  surface  of 
each.  Microscopical  characteristics  are  given.  Powder :  Light 
brown,  consisting  chiefly  of  fragments  of  endosperm  and  lig- 
nified  tissues  of  the  pericarp;  calcium  oxalate  crystals  numer- 
ous, from  0.003  to  0.010  mm.  in  diameter,  mostly  in  rosette 
aggregates,  either  isolated  or  in  aleurone  grains;  sclerenchyma- 
tous  fibres  irregularly  curved,  having  thick,  yellowish,  lignified 
walls  and  numerous  simple  pores;  globules  of  fi.xed  oil  numer- 
ous; fragments  of  light-yellow  vittae  few,  associated  with 
elongated,  polygonal,  epidermal  cells.  Volatile  ether-extract  not 
less  than  0.5  per  cent.     Ash  not  exceeding  7.5  per  cent. 

Cubeba — The  dried,  full  grown,  unripe  fruits  of  Piper 
Cubeba  Linne  filius  (Fam.  Piperaceae),  with  not  more  than  5 
per  cent,  of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Upper  portion 
globular,  3  to  6  mm.  in  diameter,  with  a  straight,  slender,  stem- 
like portion  from  5  to  7  mm.  in  length ;  pericarp  externally 
grayish,  brownish-  or  bluish-black;  coarsely  reticulate;  about 
0.3  mm.  in  thickness,  easily  cut,  1-locuIar,  1-seeded;  the  imma- 
ture seed  attached  at  the  base  of  the  pericarp ;  odor  aromatic, 
distinct;  taste  strongly  aromatic  and  pungent.  Microscopical 
characteristics  are  given.  Powder:  Light  brown  to  blackish- 
brown,  consisting  of  a  more  or  less  even  distribution  of  starch- 
bearing  cells  of  the  perisperm,  and  fragments  of  the  pericarp 
with  stone  cells;  starch  grains  numerous,  single  or  compound, 
from  0.002  to  0.012  mm.  in  diameter;  stone  cells  numerous, 
in  palisade-like  groups,  in  surface  view  rounded  or  polygonal 
with  rather  prominent  dark  lumina  and  yellowish  porous  walis; 
secretion  cells  with  a  yellowish,  oily  content  becoming  reddish 
on  the  addition  of  sulphuric  acid;  fragments  of  stalk  few,  with 
spiral  trachea;  and  groups  of  sclerenchymatic  fibres  from  0.050 
to  1.000  mm.  in  length  with  blunt,  rounded,  or  very  much  at- 
tenuated ends,  the  walls  strongly  lignified  and  with  numerous 
oblique  pores.  Volatile  ether-extract  not  less  than  10  per  cent. 
Total  ash  not  exceeding  8  per  cent. 

Digitalis — The  dried  leaves  of  Digitalis  purpurea  Linne 
(Fam.  Scrophulariaceae)  with  not  more  than  2  per  cent,  of 
stems,  flowers,  and  other  foreign  matter;  leaves  when  entire 
attaining  a  length  of  30  cm.  and  a  breadth  of  IS  cm.,  ovate  to 
oval,  abruptly  contracted  into  winged  petioles,  the  latter  from 
S  to  10  cm.  in  length,  or,  in  the  smaller  leaves,  nearly  absent; 
margin  crenate,  irregular;  the  commercial  article  usually  more 
or  less  crumpled  and  broken,  thin,  dull,  pale  green  or  gray  and 
densely  pubescent  on  the  lower  surfaces;  upper  surfaces  wrin- 
kled, sparsely  hairy;  the  venation  conspicuously  reticulated; 
the  mid-ribs  and  principal  veins  broad  and  flat,  often  purplish, 
the  lower  veins  continued  into  the  wings  of  the  petioles;  odor 
slight,  characteristic ;  taste  strongly  bitter.  Powder :  Dark 
green,  with  numerous  fragments  of  non-glandular  hairs  con- 
sisting of  from  2  to  8  cells  (usually  2  to  5  cells),  varying  in 
length  from  0.145  to  0.435  mm.,  some  of  the  cells  being  fre- 
quently collapsed;  glandular  hairs  few,  small,  with  a  1-  or  2- 
celled  stalk  and  a  1-  or  2-celled  glandular  head;  numerous 
irregular  fragments  of  lumina  showing  stomata  and  occasional 
water-pores  and  elongated  fragments  of  veins  and  petioles 
showing  fibro-vascular  tissues.  Ash  not  exceeding  10  per  cent. 
Ergota — The  carefully  dried  sclerotium  of  Claviceps  purpurea 
(Fries)  Tulasne  (Fam.  Hypocreaceje),  replacing  the  grain  of 
rye,  Secale  cereale  Linne  (Fam.  Gramineas),  with  not  more 
than  5  per  cent,  of  harmless  seeds,  fruits  and  other  foreign 
matter.  Cylindraceous,  obscurely  three-angled,  tapering  towards 
both  ends,  obtuse,  somewhat  curved,  from  1  to  4.5  cm.  in 
length  and  3  to  5  mm.  in  thickness;  e-xternally  purplish-black, 
or  brownish-black,  longitudinally  furrowed ;  fracture  short, 
pinkish  or  reddish-white,  sometimes  whitish ;  odor  peculiar, 
disagreeable;  taste  disagreeable,  bitter.  Pour  hot  water  on 
bruised  ergot ;  no  ammoniacal  or  rancid  odor  should  be  de- 
veloped. Powder:  Grayish-brown,  consisting  chiefly  of  whitish 
fragments  composed  of  false  parenchyma  of  compacted  hyphje 
and  a  few  purplish  colored  fragments  of  the  outer  layer  of  the 
sclerotium;  mcunts  made  in  hydrated  chloral  T.S.  or  in  sul- 
phuric acid  show  the  separation  of  numerous  globules  of  a 
fixed  oil  and  many  of  the  fragments  should  be  colored  yellow- 
ish,   reddish    or   rose-purple.      Ash    not    exceeding   5    per    cent. 


Ergot  should  be  dried  at  a  temperature  not  exceeding  70°  C. 
The  drug  deteriorates  with  age  if  improperly  stored.  It  should 
be  kept  in  tightly  closed  containers  protected  from  the  light 
and  to  which  a  few  drops  of  chloroform  should  be  added  from 
time  to  time  to  prevent  attack  by  insects.  The  powdered  drug 
should  not  be  kept  longer  than  one  year. 

Eriodictyon — The  leaves  may  include  not  more  than  5  per 
cent,  of  stems  or  other  foreign  matter.  Usually  in  fragments; 
when  entire,  laminae  lanceolate,  5  to  15  cm.  in  length,  1  to  3 
cm.  in  breadth;  summits  acute;  bases  slightly  tapering  into  a 
short  petiole;  margins  irregularly  serrate  or  crenate-dentate ; 
upper  surfaces  yellowish-brown,  covered  with  a  more  or  less 
shiny  resin;  under  surfaces  grayish  or  yellowish-white,  con- 
spicuously reticulate  with  greenish-yellow  veins;  minutely 
tomentose  between  the  reticulations;  coriaceous,  brittle;  odor 
aromatic;  taste  balsamic,  bitter,  becoming  sweetish.  Microsco- 
pical characteristics  are  given. 

Eucalyptus — The  leaves  may  include  not  more  than  3  per 
cent,  of  the  stems,  fruits,  and  other  foreign  matter.  Laminae 
lanceolately  scythe-shaped,  from  8  to  30  cm.  in  length,  from 
2  to  7.5  cm.  in  breadth;  summits  when  present  acute  or 
acuminate;  bases  unequal,  obtuse  or  more  or  less  rounded  and 
connected  with  twisted  petioles  from  5  to  35  mm.  in  length; 
margins  slightly  uneven,  revolute;  coriaceous;  both  surfaces 
varying  from  pale  yellowish-green  to  grayish-green  and  more 
or  less  glaucous,  glabrous,  glandular-punctate  and  with  numer- 
ous, small  circular,  brown  dots  of  cork;  veins  of  the  first  order 
anastomosing  with  each  other  and  forming  a  line  nearly  parallel 
with  the  margin;  odor  slightly  aromatic;  taste  aromatic,  bitter, 
and  cooling. 

Euonymus — The  bark  may  include  not  more  than  3  per  cent, 
of  wood  and  other  foreign  matter.  Usually  in  transversely 
curved  pieces,  occasionally  in  single  quills  2  to  7  cm.  in  length; 
bark  1  to  2.5  mm.  in  thickness;  very  light  in  weight;  outer 
surface  grayish  or  light  brown,  somewhat  wrinkled,  occasionally 
transversely  fissured  from  the  lenticels  and  with  scale-patches 
of  soft  cork;  inner  surface  grayish-white,  longitudinally  striate 
and  somewhat  porous;  fracture  short  with  silky,  projecting, 
bast-fibres;  odor  distinct;  taste  bitter  and  acrid.  Microscopical 
characteristics  are  given  for  the  powdered  drug. 

Foeniculum — The  dried  ripe  fruits  of  cuhivated  varieties  of 
Fceniculum  vulgare  Miller  (Fam.  Umbelliferae),  with  not 
more  than  2  per  cent,  of  harmless  foreign  matter.  Mericarps 
usually  separate,  each  being  broadly  elliptical,  more  or  less 
curved,  from  4  to  10  mm.  in  length,  from  1  to  3.5  mm.  in 
breadth,  some  having  a  slender  stalk  from  2  to  10  mm.  in 
length ;  dorsal  surface  convex,  yellowish-green  to  grayish-brown, 
with  three  prominent,  longitudinal  primary  ribs  and  at  the 
surranit  a  short,  conical  stylopodium;  commissural  surface  with 
three  narrow,  light  brown,  longitudinal  areas  separated  by  two 
dark  brown  or  brownish-black  areas  containing  the  vittae  or 
oil-tubes;  odor  and  taste  aromatic  and  distinct.  Powder: 
Yellowish-brown  consisting  of  irregular,  angular  fragments; 
tissues  of  endosperm,  colorless,  the  cells  filled  with  aleurone 
grains  each  containing  a  rosette  aggregate  of  calcium  oxalate, 
about  0.002  mm.  in  diameter;  fragments  containing  yellowish- 
biown  vittas,  from  0.100  to  0.200  mm.  in  width;  sclerenchyma- 
tous  fibres  few,  strongly  lignified  and  with  numerous,  oblique, 
simple  pores;  parenchyma  cells  with  more  or  less  thick  walls 
and  simple  pores  and  occasionally  reticulately  thickened ; 
tracheae  few  and  either  spiral  or  annular;  in  mounts  made 
with  hydrated  chloral  T.S.  numerous  globules  of  a  fixed  oil 
separate.     Ash  not  exceeding  10  per  cent. 

Frangula — The  dried  bark  of  Rhamnus  Frangula  Linne 
(Fam.  Rhamnaceae).  In  quills  varying  in  length,  frequently 
flattened  or  crushed;  from  0.5  to  1  mm.  in  thickness;  outer 
surface  grayish-brown  or  purplish-black,  with  numerous,  promi- 
nent, lighter  colored,  transverse  lenticels  and  occasional  patches 
of  foliaceous  lichens  bearing  small,  blackish  apothecia;  inner 
surface  smooth,  dark  brown  with  occasional  purplish  blotches, 
longitudinally  striate,  becoming  red  when  moistened  with  solu- 
tions of  the  alkalies;  fracture  short,  slightly  fibrous  in  the 
inner  layer;  odor  distinct;  taste  slightly  bitter.  Microscopical 
characteristics  are  given.  Powder:  Yellowish-brown;  stone 
cells  absent  (distinguishing  it  from  powder  of  Rhamnus  Pur- 
shiana).  Add  0.100  gm.  of  powdered  frangula  to  10  cc.  of  hot 
water,  shake  the  mixture  occasionally  until  cold  and  filter  it. 
On  the  addition  of  a  few  drops  of  ammonia  water,  the  filtrate 
should  be  colored  a  deep  red.  Macerate  0.100  gm.  of  pow- 
dered frangula  with   10  drops  of  alcohol;  add   10  cc.  of  water, 


20S 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  1914 


boil  the  mixture  and  filter  it  when  cold.  Shake  the  filtrate 
with  10  cc.  of  ether,  separate  the  yellow,  ethereal  solution, 
and  shake  3  cc.  of  this  ethereal  liquid  with  3  cc.  of  ammonia 
water;  the  separated  ammoniacal  solution,  on  diluting  with 
20  cc.  of  water,  should  still  possess  a  distinct  cherry-red  color. 
Ash  not  exceeding  6  per  cent. 

Gaiia — .\n  excrescence  on  the  young  twigs  of  Quercus  in- 
fectoria  Olivier  and  other  allied  species  of  Quercus  (Fam. 
Fagacesc),  induced  by  the  punctures  on  the  leaf-buds  and  by 
the  deposited  ova  of  Cynips  tinctoria  Hartig  (Fam.  Hymen- 
optera).    Nearly  globular,   from  O.S  to  2.2   cm.   diameter;   ex- 


ternally blackish-olive-green  or  blackish-gray,  more  or  less 
tuberculated  on  the  upper  portion,  the  basal  portion  being 
nearly  smooth  and  contracted  into  a  short  stalk,  heavy,  sinking 
in  water  excepting  the  smaller  galls  which  should  not  be  present 
to  a  greater  extent  than  S  per  cent.;  fracture  short-homy, 
internally  grayish  or  dark  brown,  consisting  of  a  central  por- 
tion slightly  radiating  and  resinous,  occasionally  hollow  and 
traversed  by  a  narrow  radial  canal  extending  to  the  exterior 
as  shown  by  the  perforation  in  the  whole  gall;  odor  slight; 
taste  strongly  astringent.  Microscopical  characteristics  of  the 
pondered  drug  are  given. 


The    Modern    Medical    Uses   of    Paraffin   Oil   and    of    Liquid   Petroleum.* 


By  M.   I.   WILBERT, 

Hygienic   Laboratory,    U.S.   Public   Health   Service. 

WITHIN  recent  years  renewed  interest  is  being  taken  in 
paraffin  oil  for  internal  administration  in  the  treatment 
of  intestinal  stasis  or  chronic  constipation.  This  re- 
newed interest  is  largely  due  to  the  fact  that  a  notable  English 
surgeon.  Sir  \V.  Arbuthnot  Lane,  in  his  experimental  work  to 
prevent  the  formation  of  adhesions  after  surgical  interference 
in  the  intestinal  tract,  found  that  paraffin  oil  served  as  an 
intestinal  lubricant  and  was  of  material  assistance  in  overcom- 
ing  persistent   constipation. 

This  use  of  paraffin  oil  is  by  no  means  new,  however,  and 
dates  back  many  years  to  the  introduction  of  refined  petroleum 
products  by  Chesebrough  and  others  about  1872. 

Previous  to  this  date  the  residues  in  petroleum  stills  had 
little  or  no  commercial  value  and  were  used  almost  exclusively 
as  lubricants,  more  particularly  axle  grease.  The  possibility 
of  producing  an  odorless  and  practically  colorless  oil  and 
heavier  fat  by  comparatively  simple  methods,  presented  the 
peculiar  problem  of  establishing  a  market  for  products  of  this 
kind  and  for  some  years  at  least  the  substances  were  used 
Icirgely,  if  not  exclusively,  for  the  adulteration  of  other  fats 
and  oils,  and  it  is  this  use  of  vaseline  and  of  vaseline  oil  as 
adulterants  that  later  led  to  experiments  to  demonstrate  their 
possible  food  value  and  the  presence  or  absence  of  harmful  or 
to.xic  ingredients.  Experiments  carried  on  by  N.  A.  Randolph, 
Philadelphia,  about  1884,  not  only  demonstrated  that  the 
heavier  petroleum  products  were  not  absorbed  from  the  in- 
testinal tract  but  also  showed  that  they  served  to  act  rome- 
what  in  the  nature  of  foreign  material,  and  might  have  some 
value  in  the  treatment  of  certain  forms  of  constipation.  It 
was  also  thought  that  these  products  appeared  to  inhibit  fer- 
mentation and  would,  therefore,  be  of  value  in  the  treatment 
of  certain  forms  of  diarrhoea.  Some  15  years  later,  Robert 
Hutchinson,  of  England,  reported  practically  the  same  obser- 
vations and  this  report  led  to  the  then  quite  extensive  use  of 
petroleum  and  of  paraffin  oils  for  various  intestinal  disorders. 

The  at  one  time  widespread  use  of  purified  petroleum  prod- 
ucts in  the  treatment  of  pulmonary  disorders,  is,  to  some 
e.xtent,  traceable  to  the  administration  of  the  naturally  occur- 
ring petroleum  products  in  various  countries  and  at  various 
times.  Crude  petroleum  has  been  used  from  time  immemorial 
as  a  medicine  and  perhaps  largely  because  of  its  disagreeable 
odor  was  from  very  early  times  used  in  the  treatment  of 
diseases  of  the  respiratory  tract.  In  this  country  "Seneca  oil" 
had  considerable  vogue  from  time  to  time  and  was  frequently 
put  out  in  the  form  of  proprietary  or  "patent  preparations" 
for  the  treatment  of  various  diseases.  After  the  introduction 
of  purified  petroleum  products  these  were  offered  as  substitutes 
for  the  formerly  used  crude  oil  and,  even  at  the  present  time, 
the  advertising  matter  put  out  in  connection  with  some  of  the 
popularly  exploited  preparations  of  petroleum  do  not  satis- 
factorily designate  whether  or  no  the  crude  or  the  purified 
product  is  being  advocated. 

During  the  past  three  or  four  decades,  purified  petroleum 
products  have  been  marketed  under  scores,  if  not  hundreds,  of 
proprietary  names  and  the  misleading  claims  and  statements 
made  in  connection  with  these  several  preparations  are  far  from 
being  a  credit  to  the  owners  or  to  tlie  persons  who  act  as 


*Read  before  the  Washington  Branch  of  the  AJ'h.A.,  March. 
1914. 


distributors  for  the  several  articles.  That  there  is  some  ele- 
ment of  truth  in  the  claims  that  have  been  made  for  petroleum 
products  is  evidenced  by  the  fact  that  the  use  of  petroleum, 
crude  and  refined,  has  persisted  in  all  parts  of  the  world  and 
has  at  times,  like  the  present,  reached  amounts  that  were 
quite  considerable. 

With  the  renewed  interest  in  parafiin  oil  that  is  in  evidence 
at  present,  the  time  appears  to  be  particularly  opportune  for 
pharmacists  who  are  willing  to  assist  in  making  for  true 
progress  to  do  missionary  work  and  to  point  out  to  physicians 
in  a  rational  and  sensible  way  that  paraffin  oil  and  other 
petroleum  products,  while  they  may  be  useful,  must  have 
limitations,  that  many  of  the  claims  made  for  the  proprietary 
articles  are  unfounded  and  not  based  on  fact,  that  in  the  event 
that  the  physician  does  wish  to  experiment  with  the  product, 
non-proprietary  oils  of  high  quality  are  readily  available  and, 
finally,  that  these  non-proprietary  products  can  be  sold  to  the 
patient  at  a  very  much  lower  figure  than  can  the  proprietary 
article  and  still  yield  the  retail  druggist  a  more  satisfactory 
profit. 

As  intimated  above,  the  products  that  are  available  at  the 
present  time  are  many,  or  at  least  appear  to  be  numerous 
because  of  the  varied  trade  names  under  which  they  are 
offered.  On  studying  the  nature  of  these  products,  however, 
it  appears  that  there  is  no  very  great  difficulty  in  establishing 
certain,  at  times  perhaps  arbitrary,  lines  of  demarcation  be- 
tween them  and  identifying  them  as  belonging  to  one  or  the 
other  class  of  commercially  available  oils  readily  obtainable 
by  any  pharmacist. 

The  bulk  of  the  available  supply  of  heavy  mineral  oil 
comes  from  two  sources  and  the  products  differ  materially  in 
chemical  composition.  The  American  oil  is  obtained  from 
paraffin  base  petroleum  and  consists  essentially  of  hydrocar- 
bons of  the  methane  series  having  the  general  formula 
CnH.n-1-;. 

The  so-called  Russian  Oil,  obtained  largely,  if  not  entirely, 
from  the  oil  wells  in  the  Baku  district,  consists  chiefly  of 
monocylic  polymethylenes  or  napthenes,  having  the  general 
formula  CnH.n.  These  latter  products  have  been  described 
as  hydrated  aromatic  hydrocarbons  and  while  they  behave  with 
reagents  very  much  in  the  same  way  as  do  the  hydrocarbons 
of  the  methane  series,  they  are  more  readily  purified  and 
generally  occur  in  commerce  as  water  white  oils  that  are  quite 
free  from  fluorescence  cr  odor.  The  American  paraffin  or 
methane  oils  usually  have  a  distinct  color  and  are  seldom  quite 
free  from  fluorescence  or  a  peculiar  dichroic  effect  that  is 
particularly  noticeable  when  the  preparation  is  viewed  by 
reflected  light.  Apart  from  the  appearance,  however,  there 
is  no  evidence  that  the  two  products  differ  in  their  effect  on 
the  animal  organism  and  one  has  perhaps  as  many  advocates 
and  users  as  the  other. 

The  density  of  the  commercially  available  products  also 
varies  and  the  fact  that  it  is  proposed  to  extend  the  present 
U.S. P.  limits  of  specific  gravity,  0.870  to  0.940  at  25°,  to 
read  0.845  to  0.940  at  25°  clearly  indicates  that  the  members 
of  the  present  Committee  of  Revision  are  themselves  not  con- 
vinced as  to  the  properties  that  should  be  inherent  in  a 
mineral  oil  for  medicinal  use. 

The  paraffin  oils  official  in  the  Pharmacopoeias  of  the 
Continent  of  Europe  are  usually  of  the  denser  variety,  0.865 
or  higher  at  15°,  but  this  is  probably  due  to  the  fact  that 
there  the  oil  is  largely  used  as  a  basis  for  ointments  and  the 
various  other  uses  are  only  now  being  developed. 


May,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


209 


In  this  country  paraffin  oil  or,  as  it  is  better  known,  liquid 
petroleum,  has  long  been  in  use  as  a  basis  for  oil  sprays  in 
the  treatment  of  affections  of  the  nose  and  throat  and  for  this 
purpose  the  lighter  and  more  limpid  oil  appears  to  be  preferred. 
For  internal  administration  Sir  W.  Arbuthnot  Lane  prefers 
the  heavier,  European  type  of  oil  and  this  is  now  available 
in  this  country  and  is  being  introduced  by  a  number  of  manu- 
facturers and  dealers  under  proprietary  titles,  to  be  sold  at 
fancy  prices.  Even  for  internal  use,  however,  there  appears 
to  be  a  definite  limit  to  the  solid  paraffin  that  an  oil  can  hold 
in  solution  and  be  palatable  or  readily  taken.  At  comparatively 
low  temperatures  some  of  these  oils  are  nearly  solid  and  even 
at  ordinary  temperatures  they  are  so  viscid  that  they  do  not 
readily  leave  the  mouth  when  taken  internally. 

Up  to  the  present  time  it  is  by  no  means  positively  estab- 
lished that  the  comparatively  dense  or  the  viscid  oil  is  to  be 
uniformly  preferred  for  internal  administration,  and  the  phar- 
macist can  be  of  service  not  alone  in  assisting  the  physician 
to  determine  which  of  the  two  products  is  the  preferable  one 
but  also  in  devising  methods  of  administration  and  prefer- 
able flavors  to  overcome  the  objectionable  taste  of  the  oil, 
particularly  of  the  denser  variety  of  oil. 

One  further  question  that  may  be  discussed  briefly  is  the 
dose.  One  firm,  the  owner  of  the  product  most  widely  used 
in  this  country,  says: 

"Excellent  results  are  obtained  by  giving  the  oil  in  small 
doses.  In  mild  cases  a  tablespoonful  at  night  gives  prompt 
relief.  In  longer  standing  cases  make  it  almost  a  part  of  the 
diet  and  give  one  or  two  teaspoonfuls  just  after  meals." 

Dr.  Lane  and  many  of  his  followers,  on  the  other  hand,  give 
the  oil  in  much  larger  doses  and  insist  that  it  be  given  shortly 
before  meals  so  as  not  to  interfere  in  any  way  with  th?  diges- 
tion of  food  which  it  probably  would  if,  as  proposed  above,  it 
were  given  with  or  immediately  after  meals  and  thereby  inti- 
mately mixed  with  the  stomach  content. 

Bastedo,  in  his  book  on  materia  medica,  pharmacology, 
therapeutics  and  prescription  writing,  states  that  the  oil  is  only 
mildly  laxative  and  should  be  given  in  doses  of  30  cc.  two  or 
three  times  a  day.  Other  authorities  advise  even  larger  doses, 
and  Robinson  {Medical  News,  1900,  v.  77,  p.  56)  reports 
that  he  frequently  administered  nearly  a  pint  in  a  few  hours 
without  any  indications  of  discomfort  and  no  untoward  results 
of  any  kind.  Robinson  also  asserts  that  he  was  able  to  dupli- 
cate the  experiments  reported  by  Randolph  and  reclaim  all 
of  the  oil  that  was  ingested.  Some  recent  German  experi- 
menters, however,  appear  to  believe  that  a  part,  at  least,  of 
the  oil  is  changed  or  absorbed  in  the  intestinal  tract,  and 
while  the  bulk  of  it  passes  through  unchanged  it  is  not  possible 
to  reclaim  absolutely  all  of  the  oil  as  taken.  At  the  present 
time,  the  preferred  dose  is  from  one  to  two  tablespoonfuls 
one  hour  before  meals,  or  from  two  to  four  tablespoonfuls  on 
retiring.  The  oil  may  be  flavored  to  make  it  less  objectionable, 
and  several  authorities  appear  to  prefer  administering  the 
product  in  the  form  of  an  emulsion,  though  others  claim  that 
the  emulsion  is  not  so  satisfactory  and  does  not  give  the  same 
uniform  good  results. 

In  addition  to  its  use  internally  as  a  lubricant  or  laxative, 
paraffin  oil  is  also  given  in  the  form  of  rectal  injections,  and 
is  being  exploited  more  recently  as  a  dressing  for  wounds, 
both  recent  and  chronic.  In  connection  with  chronic  ulcers 
it  is  being  extolled  as  a  dressing  to  protect  the  skin  around 
the  focus  of  suppuration.  The  oil  in  these  cases  not  alone 
protects  the  skin  against  irritation  from  oozing,  thus  warding 
off  eczema,  but  also  keeps  the  dressings  from  sticking. 

The  use  of  liquid  petroleum  as  a  soothing  application  in  the 
form  of  a  spray  to  inflamed  mucous  membranes  of  the  nose 
and  throat  is  well-known,  as  is  the  use  of  the  same  product 
in  cosmetics,  such  as  skin  creams  or  pomades,  and  the  use  of 
this  product  for  these  several  purposes  need  not  be  discussed 
at  this  time. 

In  conclusion,  then,  the  object  of  this  communication  is  to 
call  attention  to  the  renewed  interest  that  is  being  manifested 
by  medical  men  in  paraffin  oil  for  internal  administration,  and 
as  an  adjuvant  dressing  for  wounds,  and  to  suggest  to  phar- 
macists that  they  acquaint  themselves  with  the  properties  of 
the  available  material  for  the  purpose  of  pointing  out  to 
physicians  the  nature  and  the  kind  of  material  that  is  available 
as  well  as  the  limitations  that  probably  exist. 


New  Remedies 


The  new  Era  Formulary,  just  out,  $5.00  per  copy. 


Alokresin  is  an  aloes-cresol  resin  soap,  used  internally  in 
diseases  of  the  digestive  tract  of  horses  and  cattle. 

Ambrine  is  a  new  material  for  dressing  wounds,  composed 
of  rubber,  paraffin  and  wax.  It  is  melted,  sterilized,  and 
applied  to  the  site  of  the  wound,  where  it  forms  an  elastic 
skin. 

Amovin  is  a  pure  form  of  cellulose,  with  a  flavor  of  apples, 
used   in   teaspoonful  doses  for  constipation. 

Antilausan  is  an  alcoholic-aqueous  distillate  from  cevadilla 
seeds  and  chrysanthemum  flowers,  used  for  parasites. 

Apyron  is  lithium  acetylsalicylate.  It  is  soluble  in  water, 
and  has  a  pleasant  saline  taste. 

Arsaferroptiri  is  a  new  arsenic-lecithin-albumen   preparation. 

Arsalyt,  said  to  be  a  substitute  for  salvarsan,  will  soon  be 
put  on  the  market  in  the  form  of  sterile  ampules.  It  is  said 
to  be  of  low  toxicity,  without  local  reactions,  and  of  great 
activity. 

Asellomaltyl  is  maltyl  containing  20  per  cent,  of  cod  liver 
oil  and  3  per  cent,  of  calcium  glycerophosphate. 

Birosini  suppositories  contain  bismuth  oxyiodogallate,  zinc 
oxide,  and  anesthesin.  ' 

Cholital,  a  remedy  for  gallstones  and  colic,  is  an  emulsion 
of  11  per  cent,  of  pure  spirits  of  turpentine,  26  per  cent,  of 
ether,  and  34  per  cent,  of  syrup  of  orange  flowers  and  oil  of 
peppermint. 

Coladein  is  a  compound  syrup  of  guaiacol  and  codeine. 

Diuren  is  the  total  extractive  of  fresh  Adonis  vernalis.  It 
shows  no  cumulative  action,  and  no  bad  effect  on  the  stomach 
and  bowels. 

Dubolin  is  a  camphor-alcohol-ether  mixture,  used  for  in- 
unction. 

Epithelogen  is  a  trade  name  for  Beck's  bismuth  paste,  con- 
sisting of  bismuth  subcarbonate  or  subnitrate,  yellow  vaseline, 
soft  paraffin  and  wax. 

Essitol  tablets  consist  of  aluminum  acetate,  and  are  used 
for  the  extemporaneous  preparation  of  solutions  of  that  sub- 
stance. 

Eulaxyl,  or  butylphenolphthalein,  is  said  to  be  "the  laxative 
for  children." 

Eupork  is  the  name  of  an  injection  for  combatting  hog 
cholera. 

Eutectan  is  an  acid  bismuth  salt  of  guaiacol. 

Ferrocitol  is  an  aromatized  iron-manganese  preparation,  with 
glycerophosphates. 

Gonitol  capsules  contain  santal  oil,  kava-kava  resin,  salol, 
and  hexamethylenetetramine. 

Hempel's  gonorrhoea  tablets  contain  6  parts  salol,  4  parts 
pichi  extract,  and  1  part  starch. 

Lauton  consists  of  ampules  or  keratinized  capsules,  con- 
taining a  1  :  1000  solution  of  colloidal  rhodium  A.  They  are 
used  in  septic  diseases. 

Lecutyl  is  a  combination  of  copper  cinnamate  with  lecithin, 
containing  1.5  per  cent,  of  copper.  It  is  used  externally  in 
the  form  of  an  ointment  in  tuberculosis  of  the  skin.  Internally 
it   is  given   in  pills  containing  0.005   g.  of  copper. 

Metayer  is  obtained  by  the  vinous  fermentation  of  beef  juice, 
honey,  and  cane  sugar. 

Monojormyl-morphine  is  prepared  by  the  action  of  formic 
acid  on  morphine,  is  easily  soluble  in  alcohol  and  chloroform, 
melts  at  220-225°,  and  is  said  to  be  less  toxic  than  morphine. 

Neptusan  is  intended  for  addition  to  the  bath,  and  liberates 
oxygen. 

Nuclocithin  is  a  cacao  liqueur,  containing  iron  nucleinate, 
iron  glycerophosphate,   and  cinchona  extract. 

Stomoxygen  is  said  to  consist  of  sodium  bicarbonate,  mag- 
nesium  peroxide,   rhubarb,    gentian,   and  milk  sugar. 

Triposan  capsules  contain  santal  oil,  kava  extract,  salol,  and 
hexamethylenetetramine.     See   Gonitol  above. 

Trisantal  capsules  contain  oil  of  santal,  dialysed  extract  of 
herniaria,   and  uva  ursi. 

Vrodonal  is  a  granular  effervescent  powder,  containing 
methylglyoxalidin  and  sidonal. 

Wermolin  is  an  emulsion  containing  oil  of  chenopodium, 
castor  oil,  peppermint  oil,  oil  of  cinnamon,  oil  of  lemon,  acetic 
ether,  and  saccharin. 


210 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    EKA 


[May,  1914 


Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacy — VI. 


THE    DISCOVERY    OF    ETHYL    NITRITE. 


OF  WHO  first  brought  together  spirit  of  wine  and  impure 
nitric  acid,  we  have  no  record.  The  real  discoverer  of 
ethyl  nitrite  would  have  to  be  sought  anionj,  the  hosts 
oi  alchemists  who,  in  their  unsuccessful  yet  resultful  searchings 
after  the  philosopher's  stone  and  the  eli.xir  of  life,  had  com- 
bined, in  numberless  ways  and  proportions,  all  substances 
accessible  to  them.  Tradition  ascribes  the  discovcr\'  to  the 
vinknown  alchemist  whose  writings  were  included  in  the  works 
of  Raymond  LuUy.  Other  chemists  also  observed  that  when 
alcohol  and  nitric  acid  were  allowed  to  stand  in  contact,  or 
heated  together,  a  reaction  took  place.  Hugens  and  Papin 
mixed  the  two  liquids  under  the  receiver  of  an  air-pump,  as 
lepoiled  in  the  Philosophical  Transactions,  1675,  Vol.  10,  p.  443: 
"Thus,  some  Aqua  iortis  was  poured  in  the  upper  glass,  and 
Spirit  of  Wine  into  the  lower,  and  the  recipient  was  so  well 
exhausted  of  the  air,  that  the  Spirit  of  Wine  boyled  up  with 
great  bubbles  (as  usually  it  doth,)  and  the  Aqua  iortis  cast 
some  small  bubbles.  After  that  both  these  liquors  were  well 
purged  of  air,  the  upper  Glass  was  sunk  into  the  lower,  so 
as  that  the  Spirit  of  Wine  was  mingled  with  the  Aqua  fortis; 
at  which  instant  there  was  yet  seen  a  very  considerable  ebul- 
lition ...  In  the  very  instant  they  mixed,  they  make 
great  ebullition,  but  soon  after  they  mortifie  one  another,  and 
loose  the  proprieties  they  had   before." 

.\  little  later,  John  Kunkel,  or  Kuncle,  experimenting  with 
this  same  mixture,  noticed  that  an  oily  liquid  separated,  which 
floated  on  water,  but  he  paid  no  particular  attention  to  it. 
Kunkel,  who  was  connected  with  the  court  of  the  Elector  of 
Brandenburg,  engaged  in  a  polemic  with  a  Dr.  \'oight,  on  the 
nature  of  heat  and  cold,  and  the  existence  of  a  "pure  acid 
substance."  In  answer  to  Voight's  contentions,  Kunkel  wrote  a 
book  entitled  "De  Acido  &  Urinoso  Sale  Calido  &  Frigido, 
contra  Doctor  Voight's  Spirit.  Vini  vindicatum,"  which  was 
submitted  to  the  Royal  Society  at  London,  for  their  decision 
on  the  merits  of  the  controversy.  Both  Kunkel  and  his  oppo- 
nent make  frequent  mention  of  the  effects  of  nitric  acid  on 
alcohol.  In  one  passage,  the  possibly  violent  reaction  is 
warned  against:  "If  I  take  a  good  spirit  of  wine,  and  drop 
upon  it,  guttatim,  spirit  of  niter,  until  it  ceases  to  cause  an 
ebullition,  the  Urinosum  is  then  in  a  ballance  with  the  Acidum. 
Only  put  this  salt  in  a  heated  crucible,  and  it  will  go  off 
with  an  e.xplosion."     (Phil.  Trans.,  1685,  Vol.  15,  p.  896.) 

Meantime,  the  solution  of  ethyl  nitrite  in  alcohol,  made  by 
distilling  the  two  substances  together,  was  in  use  by  physicians. 
It  was  thought  to  contain  an  "ether,"  or  "ethereal  oil,"  a  most 
indefinite  term  applied  to  any  kind  of  very  volatile  liquid,  no 
matter  what  its  source.  As  it  happened,  the  ether  made  by 
treating  alcohol  with  sulphuric  acid  was  most  readily  pre- 
pared and  came  to  be  best  known.  The  nature  of  this  ether 
not  being  understood,  there  were  many  attempts  to  make  it  by 
methods  which  were  impossible  of  success.  In  1734,  Duhamel, 
thi  French  naturalist,  reviewed  the  history  of  ether  in  a 
memoir  presented  to  the  French  Academy  of  Sciences,  Grosse 
collaborating  in  the  work.  (Mem.  Acad.  Sci.,  1734,  p.  41.) 
Grosse  repeated  a  number  of  the  experiments  of  Frobenius, 
a  German  chemist,  who  had  prepared  ether  by  the  action  of 
sulphuric  acid  on  alcohol.  Heat  and  distillation  were  necessary 
in  this  method.  Eight  years  later,  Duhamel's  attention  was 
again  called  to  the  subject  of  ethereal  oils  by  a  communication 
from  Navier,  in  which,  for  the  first  time,  the  chemical  com- 
pound formed  when  nitric  acid  and  alcohol  were  allowed  to 
react,  was  isolated,  partially  purified,  and  its  properties  de- 
scribed. It  thus  came  about  that  Thenard,  in  his  comprehensive 
work  on  ethers  and  ethereal  salts,  credited  Navier  with  the 
discovery  of  nitrous  ether.    (Meyn.  d'ArcueU,  Vol.  1,  p.  75.) 

Duhamel  prefaces  the  reading  of  Navier's  paper  thus: 

"Two  New  Processes  for  Obtaining,  without  the  aid  of  Fire, 
an  Ethereal  Liquor  closely  approaching  that  to  which  Fro- 
benius, the  German  Chemist,  has  given  the  name  of  Ether." 
(Mem.  Acad.  Sci.,  1742,  pp.  379-389.) 

'According  to  appearances,  one  would  have  believed  that 
there  was  nothing  further  to  discover  in  this  matter;  never- 
theless, M.  Navier,  a  physician  established  at  Chalons-sur- 
Mamc,  and  a  Correspondant  of  the  Academy  of  Sciences,  who 


has  applied  himself  with  much  success  to  chemical  researches, 
has  informed  me,  for  the  .'\cademy,,  of  a  very  interesting  dis- 
covery which  he  has  made  in  this  affair.  Without  distillation, 
without  even  the  aid  of  fire,  by  the  mere  combination  of  spirit 
of  niter  with  spirit  of  wine,  he  obtained  an  ethereal  oil  which 
has  almost  the  properties  of  that  of  Frobenius,  although  the 
acids  are  different,  since  the  one  employed  oil  of  vitriol,  and 
the  other  tlie  spirit  of  niter." 
The  extract  from  Navier's  letter  then  follows: 
"As  I  was  compounding  an  antispasmodic  tincture,  into  which 
entered  spirit  of  wine  and  spirit  of  niter,  the  stopper  of  the 
bottle  in  which  the  mixture  had  been  made  blew  out,  and  there 
spread  about  a  strong  odor  of  ether.  This  circumstance  en- 
gaged me  to  make  different  mi.Ktures  of  spirit  of  wine  and 
spirit  of  niter  in  closed  vessels,  to  retain  this  volatile  spirit 
which  had  so  struck  my,  sense  of  smell ;  at  last  I  succeeded  in 
making  an  ethereal  oil,  following  the  procedure  which  I  will 
now  relate: 

"I  mixed  some  spirit  of  wine  and  spirit  of  niter,  equal  parts 
by  measure  and  not  by  weight;  on  the  22nd  of  October  1  put 
the  whole  in  a  well-corked  bottle;  the  31st  of  the  same  month, 
I  found  about  a  sixtli  of  the  mixture  separated  and  floating 
on  the  rest  of  the  liquid ;  it  was  a  very  beautiful  ethereal  oil, 
very  clear,  and  almost  colorless." 

Before  citing  further  from  Navier's  communication,  Duhamel 
seeks  to  connect  the  former's  preparations  with  a  remedy  of 
the  day,  about  which,  unfortunately,  nothing  further  is  known. 
"In  the  memoir  of  1734  which  I  have  already  cited,  one  sees 
that  M.  Grosse  did  not  succeed  in  preparing  the  yellow  ether 
that  an  Italian  employed  at  Paris  for  various  maladies;  perhaps 
this  yellow  liquor  of  the  Italian  resembles  the  martial  ethereal 
oil  that  M.  Navier  has  found  the  method  of  making,  and  which 
he  also  communicates  to  the  Academy." 
Navier's  account  then  proceeds: 

"The  deflagration  which  takes  place  on  bringing  a  lighted 
taper  near  the  opening  of  a  tube  at  the  bottom  of  which  there 
is  being  made  a  solution  of  iron,  either  with  spirit  of  vitriol 
or  spirit  of  marine  salt,  and  several  other  experiments  which 
it  is  useless  to  relate  here,  not  leaving  any  doubt  that  the  iron 
contains  a  rather  goodly  quantity  of  fatty  and  inflammable 
parts,  I  thought  to  try  to  separate  them  by  means  of  my 
ethereal  oil. 

"To  this  end  I  made  a  strong  solution  of  iron  filings  in 
good  spirit  of  niter;  I  added  to  this  solution  about  one-half 
of  well  rectified  spirit  of  wine;  after  having  well  mi.xed  the 
two  liquors,  I  put  the  whole  in  a  bottle,  which  I  stoppered 
and  tied  securely;  six  months  later,  thinking  to  examine  this 
bottle,  which  I  had,  as  it  were,  forgotten,  I  found  that  on  a 
very  dark  and  red  liquor  there  floated  another,  very  limpid, 
and  of  a  lighter  red.  I  was  surprised,  on  unstoppering  the 
bottle,  at  the  petulance  with  which  a  part  of  what  was  within 
burst  into  the  air ;  nevertheless  there  remained  enough  for  me 
still  to  take  out  a  little  of  the  floating  liquor;  it  was  an  ethereal 
oil,  of  a  sharp  odor,  a  little  sulphurous,  yet  rather  pleasant, 
and  of  a  bitter  taste,  and  it  floated  on  water." 

The  preparation  of  the  concentrated  solution  of  iron  in  nitric 
acid  is  described  in  great  detail — with  useless  detail,  it  now 
seems.     Then  good  spirit  of  wine  was  added. 

".\t  the  end  of  24  hours  the  liquor  acquires  a  light  red 
color,  which  increases  from  day  to  day,  and  at  the  same  time 
it  contracts  a  sharp  and  penetrating  odor,  which  is  a  good 
sign.  Toward  the  fifth  day  the  liquid  becomes  cloudy,  and 
there  rises  to  the  surface  a  kind  of  scum ;  then  a  little  fermen- 
tation begins  to  set  in,  and  increases  to  the  point  of  bursting 
the  bottle,  if  it  is  not  of  a  very  strong  glass  (this  little  mis- 
fortune has  happened  to  me  many  a  time).  As  the  fermentation 
goes  on,  there  rise  bubbles  of  air  w-hich  carry  with  them  small 
portions  of  oil,  which  they  deposit  on  the  superficies  of  the 
liquor,  where  they  burst ;  one  sees  the  oil  increase  thus  little 
by  little. 

"While  all  this  is  going  on,  there  is  precipitated  at  the 
bottom  of  the  vessel  a  kind  of  crocus,  because  the  nitrous  acid 
abandons  the  metallic  substance  which  it  held  suspended,  in 
order  to  unite  itself  to  the  spirit  of  wine,  which  has  charged 
itself  with  all  the  fatty  parts  of  the  iron ;  which  appears  to 
form  an  additional  item  for  the  Table  of  Relations  of  the  late 
M.  Geoffrey." 

Elaborate  precautions  for  rem.oving  the  stopper  are  given, 
so  that  the  pressure  of  the  gases  within  the  bottle  will  not 
eject   the  contents.     "The  bottle  being  opened,  there   is  seen  a 


May,  1914] 


THE    PHARRIACEUTICAL   ERA 


211 


boiling  of  the  two  liquids,  which  I  allow  to  subside  a  little; 
finally  I  separate  my  oil. 

"I  used  at  first  for  that  purpose  a  cotton  wick,  but  seeing 
that  it  took  too  much  time,  and  that  much  oil  was  lost  or 
evaporated,  I  believed  I  would  succeed  better  with  a  siphon 
which  I  made  from  the  end  of  a  barometer  tube,  and  which 
actually  had  a  better  effect ;  but  that  was  not  without  its 
inconveniences,  for  in  pumping  with  my  mouth  the  long  arm, 
to  fill  it  with  oil,  often  I  drew  it  into  my  mouth.  I  therefore 
had  recourse  to  a  little  sjTringe  of  glass,  which  filled  with  oil 
by  pulling  the  piston,  and  had  none  of  the  above  disad- 
vantages. 

"The  oil  being  separated  from  the  liquor  on  which  it  floats, 
and  put  into  a  bottle  with  a  close  stopper,  is  clear  and  limpid 


like  water;  but  little  by  little  it  acquires,  in  the  space  of  three 
weeks  or  a  month,  a  fine  red  color,  which  it  loses  entirely  if 
shaken  with  a  little  water ;  and  this  water  retains  the  color 
that  it  (the  oil)  had  previously.  The  oil  being  kepi  a  short  time 
with  water,  imparts  to  the  latter  a  great  bitterness,  and  in 
spite  of  that  it  becomes  even  more  bitter  than  it  was,  when  it 
came  to  be  separated  from  above  the  red  liquid.  I  think  that 
this  bitterness  may  come  from  the  fatty  parts  of  the  iron. 

"If  one  pours  on  our  oil,  when  it  has  just  been  separated, 
a  few  drops  of  oil  of  tartar  by  deliquescence,  no  sensible  change 
takes  place;  but  after  some  time  there  form  needle-like  crystals 
which  are  a  true  regenerated  niter;  then  if  one  opens  the 
bottle,  one  perceives  a  nitro-sulphurous  odor,  most  penetrating, 
which  leaves  no  doubt  that  our  oil  contains  nitrous  acid." 


Seven  Million  Dollars  Handed  to  British  Pharmacists  Through  Insurance  Act  Fees. 


The  Enormous  Amount  of  Prescription  Business  Under  the 
National  Insurance  Act — A  New  Era  of  Prosperity  for 
the  Druggist — The  Registration  of  Dispensers — Other 
News  from  Our  London  Correspondent. 

SOME  idea  of  the  enormous  amount  of  new  business  which 
the  insurance  act  has  created  for  the  pharmacists  of 
Great  Britain  can  be  derived  from  the  fact  that  during 
the  first  year  the  number  of  prescriptions  dispensed  in  the 
county  of  Lancashire  alone  was  nearly  six  millions,  or,  to  be 
precise — 5,863,113.  Statistics  for  the  rest  of  the  country  are 
not  yet  available,  but  even  allowing  for  the  probability  that 
there  are  more  insured  persons  in  Lancashire  than  in  any  other 
county,  it  is  obvious  that  there  has  been  a  huge  increase  in 
the  work  of  pharmacists  throughout  the  country.  At  a  rough 
estimate  the  total  number  of  prescriptions  for  the  whole  of  the 
insured  population  of  Great  Britain  during  the  first  year  is, 
I  should  say,  not  much  under  40,000,000.  The  average  price 
of  the  Lancashire  prescriptions  works  out  at  about  16  cents 
apiece,  and  a  simple  calculation  shows  that  this  total  value  is 
just  about  a  million  dollars.  In  the  whole  country,  therefore, 
the  value  would  be  something  like  $7,000,000.  The  interesting 
point  is  that  most  of  this  represents  new  business,  for  before 
the  insurance  act  came  into  force  the  majority  of  the  persons 
who  are  now  insured  were  supplied  with  their  medicines  by 
the  doctors  who  attended  them.  The  unfortunate  part  of  it 
is  that  the  money  put  aside  under  the  scheme  for  the  payment 
of  the  drug  bills  will  be  insufficient  in  a  number  of  districts, 
and  the  question  that  is  now  uppermost  in  the  minds  of  the 
chemists  in  these  districts  is  how  is  this  deficiency — it  amounts 
in  some  cases  to  25  per  cent. — to  be  made  up?  In  the  vast 
majority  of  cases,  however,  the  funds  are  quite  sufficient  to 
pay  the  bills  in  full,  and  it  is  e.xtremely  unlikely  that  the 
Government  will  allow  the  pharmacists  in  any  district  to  go 
short. 


A  New  Era  of  Prosperity  for  Pharmacists. 

It  will  be  gathered  from  the  preceding  paragraph  that  phar- 
macy is  in  a  much  more  flourishing  condition  than  it  was  a 
few  years  ago.  About  this  there  can  be  no  doubt,  and  it  is 
to  be  hoped  that  nothing  will  happen  to  prevent  the  continu- 
ance of  the  insurance  act  along  the  present  lines.  One  result 
of  the  huge  increase  in  the  amount  of  dispensing  is  that 
pharmacists  are  now  paying  less  attention  to  the  "fancy  goods" 
side  of  their  business;  at  any  rate,  to  those  features  of  it 
which  yield  a  very  small  profit.  It  would  not  be  surprising 
to  find  pharmacies  before  long  that  will  devote  their  time 
solely  to  dispensing.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  a  company  is  now 
in  the  process  of  formation  for  this  very  purpose.  The  pro- 
moters of  this  concern  have  selected  10  shops  in  districts  where 
the  insurance  population  is  high,  and  the  following  estimate 
is  made  of  the  cost  of  working  the  insurance  and  of  the  prob- 
able profits: 

Total  rental  of  10  shops,  approximately ?3,000 

Rates,  rents  and  lighting 1,500 

Salaries   and   wages 6,500 

First   stock   of   drugs 2,500 

Total  expenses  for  the  first  year $13,500 


The  promoters  state  that  from  information  they  have  col- 
lected there  are  several  pharmacies  in  London  dispensing  as 
many  as  300  insurance  prescriptions  a  day;  assuming  that  in 
each  of  the  proposed  new  company's  shops  only  100  pre- 
scriptions a  day  are  dispensed  at  an  average  price  of  14  cents 
per  prescription  there  would  be  a  turnover  yearly  of  about 
$18,630,  so  that  after  deducting  the  estimated  yearly  outlay 
there  would  be  a  net  profit  of  more  than  $5000  a  year,  or  suf- 
ficient to  pay  dividends  of  3i  per  cent,  on  the  authorized 
capital  of  the  company — $15,000.  This  sounds  not  altogether 
unreasonable,  and  the  fact  that  a  concern  is  being  started  for 
the  purpose  of  dealing  with  insurance  prescriptions  alone  is 
a  sign  of  the  times. 


The  Registration  of  Dispensers. 
A  bill  has  been  promoted  by  the  Pharmaceutical  Society 
and  introduced  into  Parliament  for  the  purpose  of  setting  up 
a  register  of  assistant  dispensers  to  pharmacists.  At  present 
the  unqualified  assistant  has  no  status,  but  the  bill  promises 
to  institute  an  examination  in  prescription  reading,  posology 
and  pharmacy,  candidates  for  which  would  be  required  to  have 
had  three  years'  experience  in  dispensing,  and  if  successful 
at  the  examination,  would  become  registered  as  assistant  dis- 
pensers. The  first  register  would  also  contain  the  names  of 
those  who  could  produce  evidence  of  a  specified  training  in 
dispensing.  It  is  questionable  whether  the  bill  will  make 
much  progress  this  season,  owing  to  the  important  legislative 
measures  which  have  to  be  disposed  of. 


U.S.   Bureau  of  Chemistry  Test  for  Wintergreen  Oil. 

The  statement  that  the  chemists  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry, 
United  States  Department  of  AgricuUure,  are  able  to  detect 
the  addition  of  methyl  salicylate  to  the  natural  oils  of  winter- 
green  and  birch  is  commented  upon  by  The  Perfumery  and 
Essential  Oil  Record,  of  which  the  editor  is  Mr.  John  C. 
Umney,  last  year's  president  of  the  British  Pharmaceutical 
Conference.  The  Record  has  been  conducting  a  series  of 
experiments  and  now  suggests  a  test  which  may  be  found 
useful  as  a  color  test.  It  has  been  employed  upon  true  oil  of 
Gaultheria  procumbens,  true  oil  of  Bettila  lenta  and  upon 
methyl  salicylate.  The  test  is  on  the  following  lines:  "To 
five  drops  of  the  oil  in  a  test-tube  add  five  drops  of  a  5  per 
cent,  alcoholic  solution  of  vanillin  and  1  cc.  of  alcohol.  Shake 
well,  and  add  2  cc.  of  concentrated  sulphuric  acid  and  mix 
thoroughly."  The  following  indicate  the  results  of  the  ex- 
amination by  this  method  of  typical  examples:  Oil  of  Gaul- 
theria procumbens,  intense  crimson ;  oil  of  Betula  lenta,  deep 
blood-red ;  doubtful,  reddish-brown ;  methyl  salicylate  (syn- 
thetic), yellow.  It  is  admitted  that,  as  with  all  color  tests, 
this  method  must  be  accepted  with  reserve,  and  it  is  absolutely 
essential  that   identical  conditions  should  obtain  in   every  test. 


The  British  Pharmacopoeia. 

It  is  understood  that  the  work  of  revising  the  British  Phar- 
macopoeia is  nearing  completion,  but  the  date  of  publication 
is  not  known.  The  revision  is  conducted  by  the  General 
Medical  Council  of  Great  Britain,  and  the  Pharmaceutical 
Society  is  allowed  to  co-operate.  The  last  revision  was  pub- 
lished'in  1898. 


TIIK    rilAH.MACElTK'AL    KKA 


May,  1914 


Summer  Toilet   Cream. 

Lanoline   5  drams 

Oil  of  almond,   expressed 5  drams 

Precipitated  sulphur   5  drams 

Zinc  oxide   Zli  drams 

Extract  of  violet ;  <  dram 

Tincture  of  alkanet,  q.s.  to  tint. 
MLx. 

Cucumber  Cold  Cream. 
Thinly  sliced  fresh  cucumber  is  macerated  in  the  cold  in 
olive  oil,  for  24  hours,  then  strained.  To  each  600  parts  by 
weight  of  the  oil  thus  obtained,  add  125  parts  of  spermaceti 
and  100  parts  of  white  wax,  and  melt  together  on  a  water- 
bath.  Transfer  the  mixture  to  a  mortar  and  gradually  in- 
corporate 190  parts  of  fresh  cucumber  juice  previously  mixed 
with  20  parts  of  90  per  cent,  alcohol. 

Almond  Shaving   Cream. 

White  soft  parat&n 120  grains 

Spermaceti     120  grains 

.\lmond  oil    2  fl.  drams 

White  Naples  soft  soap 4  ounces 

Tincture  of  quillaja 2  fl.  drams 

Terpineol   2  fl.  drams 

Melt  the  soft  paraffin,  spermaceti,  and  almond  oil;  transfer 
to  a  warm  mortar;  add  the  soft  soap,  rub  down  until  cold, 
then  mi.x  in  the  tincture  of  quillaja  and  terpineol.  A  little  oil 
of  bay  may  be  added  if  desired. 

Peroxide   Tooth   Powder. 

.    Magnesium  peroxide   60  parts 

Sodium   perborate    30  parts 

Castile  soap  and   flavoring 10  parts 

.\ccording  to  the  Journal  of  the  A.M. A.,  this  powder  will 
liberate  enough  free  o.xygen  to  make  from  40  to  50  drops  of  a 
3  per  cent,  peroxide  solution  for  every  10  grains  put  on  the 
brush  and  placed  in  the  mouth.  Can  be  used  morning  and 
evening  for  brushing  the  teeth,  and  should  be  swashed  around 
the  interstices  for  a  full  minute  before  being  ejected  from 
the  mouth. 

Chameleon  Tooth  Powder. 

Potassium  bitartrate    100  parts 

Magnesium  carbonate   20  parts 

Precipitated  chalk    60  parts 

Cochineal    3  parts 

.■\lum    ( ammonia )     6  parts 

Oil  of  rose,  sufficient   (about  10  drops  to  6  ounces). 
Reduce  the  ingredients  to  the  finest  powder,  and  mix  thor- 
oughly.   This  powder  is  white  when  dry,  but  turns  a  lively  red 
on  being  moistened. 

Hand   Whitener. 

Lard,  freshly  benzoated 8  parts 

White   wax    3  parts 

Zinc  carbonate    8  parts 

Perfume,  sufficient. 
Melt  the  wax  and  lard  together  at  a  low  heat,  and  when 
melted,  potu-  into  a  mortar  warmed  by  boiling  water  (so  as 
to  keep  the  molten  lard  and  wax  fluid  for  some  time).  Now 
incorporate  the  zinc  carbonate,  a  little  at  a  time,  adding  the 
perfume  toward  the  last. 

Ifagma  Bismuthi. 

Bismuth  subnitrate   SO 

Nitric  acid    50 

.\mmonium  carbonate   80 

Distilled  water  to  make 1000  cc. 

Dilute  the  nitric  acid  with  an  equal  volume  of  water  and 
dissolve  the  bismuth  subnitrate  in  it,  dilute  further  to  300  cc. 
and  filter  through  cotton.  Dissolve  the  ammonium  carbonate 
in  3000  cc.  distilled  water  containing  1/1000  sodium  chloride 
and  filter.  Pour  the  acid  solution  slowly  and  with  constant 
stirring  into  the  alkaline  solution.  When  the  resulting  pre- 
cipitate has  subsided,  decant  the  supernatant  liquor  and  wash 
by  decantation  until  the  magma  is  practically  tasteless,  using 


distilled  water  containing  1  1000  sodium  chloride.  Then  allow 
to  settle  to  1000  cc.  ^\^len  tested,  the  magma  should  react 
alkaline  toward  methyl  orange.    (.4ni.  Journ.  Pharni.) 

Kerosene  Emulsion  Insecticide. 

Kerosene     2  gallons 

Common  or  whale  oil  soap Yz  pound 

Water    1  gallon 

Heat  the  solution  of  soap  and  add  it  boiling  hot  to  the 
kerosene.  Churn  the  mixture  by  means  of  a  force  pump  and 
spray  nozzle  for  5  or  10  minutes.  The  emulsion,  if  perfect, 
forms  a  cream  which  thickens  upon  cooling  and  should  adhere 
without  oiliness  to  the  surface  of  glass.  For  use  against  scale 
insects  dilute  one  part  of  the  emulsion  with  nine  parts  of  water. 
For  most  other  insects  dilute  one  part  of  the  emulsion 
with  15  parts  of  water.  For  soft  insects  like  plant  lice  the 
dilution  may  be  carried  to  from  20  to  25  parts  of  water.  This 
insecticide  acts  by  contact  and  is  applicable  to  all  non-masti- 
cating insects  (suck-insects,  such  as  true  bugs  and  especially 
plant  lice  and  scale  insects),  and  also  to  many  of  the  mandi- 
bulate  insects  when  the  use  of  arsenites  is  not  advisable. 

Rat  Exterminator. 

Ground  malt   16  ounces 

Powdered   cantharides    10  drams 

Musk  1  grain 

Oil   of  rhodium 6  drops 

Oil    of   caraway 6  drops 

Brown  sugar   2  ounces 

Mix  and  divide  into  pellets  of  5  to  10  grains  each.     Scatter 

around   in  the  places  the  rats  frequent  or   in  their  runways. 

It  is  said  to  be  certain  death  to  those  that  eat  it,  and  the  rats 

leave  the  building  to  die. 

Poisonous   Fly   Paper. 

Arsenous  acid   1  part 

Potassium  carbonate    4  parts 

Sugar    24  parts 

Water    128  parts 

Dissolve  the  potassium  carbonate  in  the  water,  add  the 
arsenous  acid  and  the  sugar,  and  dissolve.  Saturate  tmsized 
paper  in  the  solution,  let  drain  off,  and  hang  on  strings  to  drv 
off.  Instead  of  arsenous  acid  and  potassium  carbonate,  potas- 
sium arsenite  (4  or  5  parts)  may  be  used. 

Liquid  Dog  Soap. 

Soft  soap   30  ounces 

Carbolic  acid  3  drams 

Oil  of  eucalyptus 1  ounce 

Water,  enough  to  make 1  gallon 

Dissolve  the  soap  in  hot  water,  and  when  quite  cold  add  the 
other  ingredients. 

Brown  Dressing  for  TJntanned  Shoes. 

Yellow  wax   300  parts 

Soap    120  parts 

Nankin   yellow    25  parts 

Oil  of  turpentine 1000  parts 

Alcohol    120  parts 

Water    1000  parts 

Dissolve  in  the  waterbath  the  wax  in  the  oil  of  turpentine; 
dissolve,  also  by  the  aid  of  heat,  the  soap  in  the  water,  and 
the  Nankin  yellow  (any  of  the  yellow  aniline  colors  may  be 
used)  in  the  alcohol.  Mix  the  solutions  while  hot,  and  stir 
constantly  until  cold.  The  dressing  is  applied  to  the  shoes  in 
the  usual  manner,  rubbed  with  a  brush  until  evenly  distributed, 
and  finally  polished  with  an  old  silk  or  linen  cloth. 
Black    Shoe    Polish. 

Camauba   wax    4  parts 

Yellow  wax   10  parts 

Paraffin    6  parts 

Nigrosin,  fat-soluble   3  parts 

Stearin     1  part 

Oil  of  turpentine 80  parts 

Mix  on  a  waterbath. 


May,  191-1] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


!13 


REPORTS  FROM  EUROPEAN  WORKERS. 


Bourquelot   and    Bridel   on   Enzyme    Equilibria — Con- 
stituents  of    SarsaparilJa    Root — Activity    of    Dig-i- 
talic Acid  Doubted — Use  of  Old  Iodine  Tinctures. 

MOST  important  of  all  the  papers  reviewed  this  month  is 
the  series  of  three  articles  from  the  laboratory  of 
Professor  Bourquelot,  dealing  with  the  problems  of 
equilibria  in  solutions  being  acted  on  by  one  or  more  enzymes. 
The  authors  find  that  the  equilibria  can  be  calculated  from 
the  law  of  mass  action,  with  great  accuracy.  Power  and 
Salway  contribute  two  papers,  one  on  the  constituents  of 
sarsaparilla  root,  in  which  they  show  that  Schulz's  earlier 
work  cannot  be  confirmed  in  its  entirety,  and  another  on  the 
constituents  of  an  Australian  plant,  Daviesia  latijoUa.  A  care- 
ful study  by  Sharp,  of  the  so-called  digitalic  acid,  to  which 
th:;  activity  of  fo.xglove  has  lately  been  ascribed,  reveals  the 
fact  that  the  acid  is  in  all  probability  inactive,  and  that  the 
digitalis  leaf  retains  its  full  strength  after  the  acid  has  been 
removed.  Roques  describes  a  simple  and  effective  method  for 
restoring  old  tinctures  of  iodine. 
Changes  in  Enzyme  Equilibria — 

It  has  been  known  for  a  long  time  that  enzymes  such  as 
emulsin  can  e.xercise  both  a  hydrolyzing  and  a  synthesizing 
effect  on  a  mixture  of  glucoside,  glucose  and  alcohol.  Equili- 
brium is  reached  when  both  reactions  are  proceeding  at  equiva- 
lent rates.  For  instance,  a  mi.xture  of  beta-methylglucoside, 
methyl  alcohol,  and  emulsin,  with  an  initial  rotation  of  — 1.43°, 
was  allowed,  to  reach  equilibrium.  By  adding  yeast,  the  free 
glucose  was  destroyed.  Further  hydrolysis  was  at  once  set  up, 
and  by  the  combined  action  of  the  two  ferments,  all  glucose 
was  finally  destroyed,  and  the  rotation  reduced  to  0°.  In  a 
second  experiment,  starting  with  alpha-glucoside,  alpha-glu- 
cosidase,  and  methyl  alcohol,  the  rotation  was  6.80°  at  the 
beginning,  4.00°  at  equilibrium,  and,  after  adding  yeast,  was 
soon  reduced  to  zero.  The  amount  of  glucose  remaining 
uncombined  in  the  first  experiment  was  not  the  same  as  in 
the  second,  showing  that  the  two  ferments  cause  different 
equilibria.  Again,  a  mixture  of  glucose,  emulsin,  and  alcohol 
was  allowed  to  reach  equilibrium,  when  the  rotation  was  1.20°. 
On  adding  I  g.  of  glucose,  the  rotation  became  3.33°,  and 
then,  as  synthesis  proceeded,  reached  a  new  equilibrium  when 
the  rotation  was  2.43°.  With  1  g.  of  glucose,  20  g.  of  alcohol, 
and  alpha-glucosidase,  0.326  g.  of  glucose  went  into  combina- 
tion. When  the  same  ingredients  were  acted  on  by  beta- 
glucosidase,  0.2339  g.  of  glucose  combined. 

The  question  was  then  studied,  what  will  be  the  partition 
of  glucose  in  two  simultaneous  reactions,  when  both  ferments 
are  acting  on  the  same  reaction  mixture?  The  authors  de- 
velop a  simple  formula  for  calculating  the  amount  of  uncom- 
bined glucose  when  tw-o  ferments  are  used.  With  1.9935  g. 
of  glucose,  alcohol,  yeast  maceration,  and  emulsin,  1.1164  g. 
of  glucose  remained  at  equilibrium,  after  28  days.  The  cal- 
culated amount  is  1.1143,  showing  very  satisfactory  agreement, 
and  proving  that  the  partition  takes  place,  in  these  enzyme 
reactions,    according   to   the    well-known    laws   of   mass   action. 

If  one  ferment  is  added  after  the  other,  and  when  the  latter 
has  already  exercised  some  action,  or  even  after  it  has  brought 
the  reacting  substances  to  equilibrium,  the  partition  follows 
the  same  laws.  The  synthesizing  effect  of  the  second  ferment 
added  is  manifested  on  the  free  glucose,  which  disturbs  the 
equilibrium.  Then  the  hydrolyzing  effect  of  the  first  comes 
into  play,  splitting  up  part  of  the  glucoside  it  originally  syn- 
thesized, and  so  on  until  a  new  balance  is  attained.  This  is 
proved  by  the  following  experiment :  A  mixture  was  pre- 
pared, identical  with  that  just  described  above,  except  that 
only  the  alpha  ferment  was  added  at  first.  The  rotation 
changed  from  2.10°  to  3.5°.  The  uncombined  glucose  was  then 
1.2654  g.  On  adding  emulsin  (beta  ferment),  the  rotation 
reached  3.80°  after  6  days,  and  on  reaching  equilibrium, 
1.1064  g.  of  free  glucose  were  found,  substantially  the  same 
result  as  before.  Similar  results  were  obtained  with  the  di- 
acid  alcohol   glycol.     These   equilibria   are   of   the  greatest   im- 


portance in  the  pharmacological  study  of  plants,  as  well  as 
in  the  animal  economy.  The  authors  believe  that  the  presence 
of  certain  secondary  ferments,  which  it  is  impossible  to  sep- 
arate, made  some  of  their  results  agree  less  closely  than  it 
pure  substances  could  be  used.  However,  there  is  no  doubt 
as  to  the  course  of  the  reactions.  (Bourquelot  and  Bridel, 
J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  pp.  104,  155,  230.) 
Constituents  of  Sarsaparilla  Root — 

Von  Schulz,  in  1892,  found  three  glucosides  in  sarsaparilla, 
belonging  to  the  saponins;  parillin,  smilacin,  and  sarsaponin. 
Using  Jamaica  root.  Power  and  Salway  have  recently  made 
a  complete  analysis  of  the  drug,  and  have  brought  to  light  a 
niimber  of  new  substances.  A  small  quantity  of  pale  yellow 
essential  oil  was  first  isolated.  The  alcoholic  extract  then 
furnished  a  crystalline  glucoside,  differing  in  some  respects 
from  von  Schulz's  sarsaponin,  but  regarded  by  the  authors  as 
the  same  substance,  now  obtained  in  pure  condition.  It  has  a 
tendency  to  separate  from  alcoholic  solutions  in  gelatinous 
form.  When  the  aqueous  solution  is  shaken,  it  foams  strongly, 
and  if  it  is  then  shaken  with  a  finely  divided  material,  insolu- 
ble in  water,  the  added  substance  carries  down  most  of  the 
glucoside  when  settling.  On  hydrolysis,  sarsaponin  gives  sar- 
sapogenin  and  three  molecules  of  glucose.  A  new  phytosterol- 
ine,  the  alpha-glucoside  of  a  sitosterol,  was  also  found,  as  w-ell 
as  a  stigmasterol,  identified  by  the  formation  of  a  tetrabromide. 
A  new  dibasic  acid,  sarsapic  acid,  was  obtained,  of  the  for- 
mula CaH^Oe.  The  oxygen  atoms  are  neither  in  the  form  of 
hydro-xyl  nor  ketone  groups.  Glucose,  a  mixture  of  fatty  acids, 
and  a  considerable  amount  of  nitrate  of  potassium  were  also 
met  with.  It  is  to  be  noted  that  only  a  single  glucoside  could 
be  obtained  in  definitely  crystallized  form.  As  for  von  Schulz's 
parillin,  the  authors  think  it  was  a  mixture  of  sarsaponin  and 
phytosteroline,  while  the  smilacin  was  a  mixture  of  sarsaponin 
with  various  amorphous  bodies.  This  is  supported  by  the 
statement  of  von  Schulz,  that  sarsaponin  is  the  most  active 
glucoside.  (Power  and  Salway,  J.  Chem.  Soc,  1914,  p.  201.) 
Constituents   of   Daviesia  Latifolia — 

This  is  a  plant  indigenous  to  Victoria,  Australia,  and  also 
said  to  occur  in  Tasmania  and  New  South  Wales,  being  known 
as  the  "native  hop  bush."  Bosisto,  by  evaporating  the  aqueous 
infusion  of  the  leaves,  obtained  a  crystalline  substance.  Paul 
and  Cownley  found  this  to  be  neutral,  free  from  nitrogen,  and 
not  reducing  Fehling's  solution  until  after  being  heated  with 
an  acid.  They  concluded  it  was  either  glucosidal  or  a  sugar. 
Power  and  Salway  have  recently  examined  50  kg.  of  material, 
collected  during  the  flowering  season.  A  small  amount  of 
vclatile  oil  was  found,  which  deposited  benzoic  acid  on  stand- 
ing. The  portion  of  the  alcoholic  extract  soluble  in  water 
gave  three  acids,  benzoic,  salicylic,  and  p-cumarir.  The  bitter 
principle  was  isolated  in  crystallized  form.  It  was  found  to 
be  the  benzoyl  derivative  of  a  new  disaccharide,  consisting  of 
the  combination  of  a  he.xose  and  a  pentose,  a  type  hitherto 
unknown.  It  is  a  glucoxylose,  and  the  bitter  compound  is 
dibenzoyl-glucoxylose,  melting  at  147-148°.  The  resinous 
material  gave  the  usual  constituents,  fatty  acids,  a  phytosterol, 
hentriacontane,  myricyl  alcohol,  etc.  (Power  and  Salway, 
Chem.  Drug.,  1914,  p.  82.) 
Dig-italic  Acid  Not  Active? — 

According  to  Kolipinski,  the  acid  resin  of  digitalis  leaf, 
called  by  him  digitalic  acid,  is  the  active  constituent  of  the 
drug.  Sharp  extracted  leaf  of  known  toxicity  with  20  times 
its  weight  of  0.720  ether  for  4  days,  and  then  percolated  with 
100  times  its  weight  of  ether.  On  evaporation  a  dark  green 
resin  remained,  which  dissolved  in  caustic  soda.  This  was 
neutralized  with  sulphuric  acid,  and  made  up  with  alcohol  to 
resemble  the  B.P.  tincture.  The  solution  was  without  bitter- 
ness. The  exhausted  leaf  was  next  digested  and  percolated 
with  60  per  cent,  alcohol,  and  likewise  made  into  a  solution 
of  B.P.  strength.  It  was  as  bitter  as  the  ordinary  tincture. 
Pithed  frogs,  injected  with  the  first  solution,  showed  no  effect 
at  all  in  a  period  of  19  hours,  at  the  end  of  which  time  the 
hearts  were  still  beating  vigorously.  The  second  tincture 
stopped  the  heart  beat  in  4  hours.  The  evidence  is  against 
the  activity  of  digitalic  acid.    (Sharp,  Pharm.  J.,  1914,  p.  360.) 


214: 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[May,  1914 


Urea  in  Plants — 

Ten  years  ago  it  was  found  by  Bamberger  and  Landsiedl 
that  urea,  which  was  supposed  to  belong  peculiarly  to  the 
excretion  products  of  the  animal  kingdom,  was  present  in 
considerable  amounts  in  certain  plants,  especially  in  Lycoper- 
don  species.  Goris  and  Mascre  later  observed  it  in  common 
mushrooms.  It  seemed  to  be  confined  to  the  fungi,  furnishing 
another  piece  of  evidence  that  these  plants,  in  their  chemistry, 
show  many  points  of  resemblance  to  animals.  Urea,  hence, 
came  to  occupy  the  same  plane  as  glycogen  and  chitin.  Later 
investigations  proved  the  presence  of  urea  in  many  plants  of 
\-arious  families,  widely  sep-irated  from  a  systematic  point  of 
view.  It  was  at  first  believed  that  certaii.  plants  absorbed 
the  urea  from  parasites  which  covered  them,  but  later  it  was 
shown  that  plants  which  give  no  symbiosis  with  fungi  are 
rich  in  urea,  as  Aspidium,  and  Kquisetum.  This  work  is  due 
to  Weyland.  Fosse  proved  the  presence  of  urea  in  many 
common  plants,  as  chicory,  pumpkin,  cabbage,  spinach,  potato 
and  carrot,  as  well  as  in  the  secretion  of  the  mycelium  of 
Aspergillus  and  Pcnicillium.  A  principal  source  of  urea  is 
the  splitting  up  of  proteins.  Albumen,  under  the  influence  of 
various  ferments,  can  give  urea.  Arginin,  one  of  the  products 
of  proteolysis,  breaks  down  under  the  action  of  arginase,  into 
omithin  and  urea.  S>'nthesis  from  ammonia  and  carbon 
dioxide  may  also  play  a  part.  Weyland  noticed  that  in 
Listera  and  Ophrys  urea  diminished  and  ammonium  salts 
increased  when  light  was  e.xcluded,  and  the  same  was  true 
in  an  atmosphere  free  of  carbon  dioxide.  (Verschaffelt,  .Apoth. 
Ztg.,  1914,  p.  225;  from  Pharm.  Weekblad.) 
Regeneration  of  Altered  Tr.  Iodine — 

The  increasing  use  of  tincture  of  iodine,  especially  in  sur- 
gery, has  led  to  many  attempts  to  find  the  best  method  of 
preventing  the  formation  of  hydriodic  acid.  The  only  method 
which  has  thus  far  given  satisfaction  is  that  adopted  by  the 
U.S. P.,  which  consists  in  adding  potassium  iodide.  Roques 
has  sought  to  find  a  substance  which  would  be  insoluble,  or 
nearly  so,  in  alcohol,  so  that  the  tincture  would  not  be  modified 
so  as  to  conflict  with  the  standards  of  the  French  Codex, 
lodate  and  periodate  of  potassium  were  used,  as  well  as  iodic 
acid.  The  results  were  negative,  so  far  as  preventing  the 
formation  of  acid  is  concerned,  but  it  was  found  that  the  addi- 
tion of  finely  powdered  iodic  acid  furnished  an  excellent  means 
of  regenerating  old  tinctures,  in  which  considerable  hydriodic 
acid  had  been  formed.  About  twice  the  theoretical  amount  of 
iodic  acid  is  needed,  in  order  to  cut  down  the  time  of  reaction. 
For  each  5  parts  of  iodine  in  the  form  of  hydriodic  acid, 
another  part  of  iodine  is  added  by  the  reaction,  necessitating 
the  dilution  of  the  tincture  with  alcohol.  The  water  formed 
is  negligible.  This  method  of  regeneration  makes  it  possible 
for  a  surgeon  or  physician  to  utilize  old  tinctures,  regardless 
of  the  date  of  their  preparation  or  the  degree  of  alteration. 
(Roques,  J..  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  p.  277.) 
Nomenclature  of  Enzymes — 

Considerable  confusion  arises  from  the  absence  of  a  general 
agreement  as  to  the  systeiii  on  which  names  should  be  given 
to  enzymes,  different  chemists  sometimes  using  the  same  name 
for  diiferent  bodies,  and  different  names  for  the  same  body. 
The  system  which  is  recommended  is  one  of  double  names, 
the  6ist  part  of  the  name  indicating  the  substrate,  or  sub- 
stance acted  on  by  the  enzyme  in  question,  and  the  second 
part  indicating  the  product  formed,  or,  when  more  than  one 
is  formed,  the  principal  one.  Thus,  enzymes  causing  the 
production  chiefly  of  glucose  are  called  glucases;  the  one 
which  forms  glucose  from  starch  is  amylo-glucase ;  another 
which  forms  glucose  from  malt  is  malto-glucase ;  ordinary 
diastase,  which  forms  maltose  from  starch,  is  amylo-maltase, 
and  so  on.  (Von  Lippmann,  Chem.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  81 ;  through 
Pharm.  J.) 
Melting  Points  of  Menthol  and  Fennel  Oil — 

Menthol  made  artificially  by  the  reduction  of  menthone, 
which  may  be  distinguished  by  the  name  ketone-menthol, 
melts  about  10°  below  the  point  given  in  the  German  Phar- 
macopoeia (44°)  and  also  has  a  much  lower  rotatory  power. 
This  is  due  to  its  being  a  mixture  of  isomers.  But  menthol 
which  has  been  carefully  prepared  from  an  oil  rich  in  menthol, 
and  completely  freed  from  oil,  often  has  a  melting  point  lower 
by  1°  or  2°  than  the  official  point.  If  the  heating  is  slow  and 
the  change  is  very  carefully  watched,  several  stages  of  the 
melting  can  be  seen  to  occur  from  39°  to  about  42°  or  43  . 
This  is  probably  also  due  to  the  presence  of  isomeric  forms 


occurring  naturally  in  the  plant  in  somewhat  varying  propor- 
tions. The  German  Pharmacopoeial  direction  that  the  rate  of 
heating  shall  not  exceed  1°  in  half  a  minute  is  not  nearly 
accurate  enough,  as  very  different  rates  of  heating,  within  this 
limit,  may  be  employed  by  different  operators.  For  similar 
reasons  the  melting  point  of  oil  of  fennel  is  of  no  value,  as 
by  variable  manipulation  it  can  be  made  anything  from  1° 
to  10^.  For  both  menthol  and  oil  of  fennel  it  is  better  to 
take  the  congealing  point.  If  the  thermometer  is  w^atched  for 
the  first  appearance  of  crystals,  the  highest  point  to  which  it 
rises  during  the  congelation  is  to  be  taken  as  the  true  freez- 
ing point;  this  is  40-41°  for  menthol,  and  2-3°  for  oil  of 
fennel.  (Lehmann,  Chem.  Ztg.,  1913,  p.  1447;  through 
Pharm.  J.) 

Elimination   of   Water   Effect  in  Neosalvarsan   Solu- 
tions— 

In  order  to  diminish  the  harmful  effect  of  the  water  used 
in  making  solutions  of  neosalvarsan,  an  effect  attributed  to 
micro-organisms,  chemical  changes,  catalytic  action,  etc., 
Ravaut  recommends  the  concentration  of  the  solutions.  By 
this  means  they  become  themselves  isotonic,  so  that  no 
sodium  chloride  is  needed.  Concentrated  solutions  are  well 
tolerated ;  the  dose  now  being  used  is  5  to  8  cc.  for  0.45  to 
0.90  g.  of  substance.  The  preparation  is  made  up  at  the 
bedside,  preferably  in  a  bottle  of  correct  capacity,  containing 
the  neosalvarsan  weighed  out,  and  filled  with  nitrogen,  to 
protect  the  compound  from  the  air.  A  slight  febrile  reaction 
is  the  rule  after  the  first  injection,  and  the  exception  after 
the  succeeding  ones.  (Ravaut,  Presse  Med.,  1913.) 
Determination  of  Free  Alkali  in  Soap- 
Five  g.  of  soap,  e.xactly  weighed,  are  dissolved  in  100  cc. 
of  50  per  cent,  neutral  alcohol,  in  a  250  cc.  Erlenmeyer  flask, 
to  which  is  attached  a  tube  condenser.  After  solution  is  com- 
plete, cool  the  liquid  quickly  imder  the  tap,  precipitate  the 
soap  with  15  or  20  cc.  of  barium  chloride  solution,  and  titrate 
with  N/40  stearic  acid,  after  the  addition  of  2-5  cc.  of  alpha- 
naphtholphthalein  solution.  Each  cc.  of  stearic  acid  solution 
corresponds  to  0.02  per  cent,  of  caustic  soda  when  5  g.  of 
soap  are  taken.  (Bosshardt  and  Huggenberg,  Z.  .\gnew.  Chem., 
1914,  p.  11.) 
Quantitative  Determination  of  Urea — 

Hahn  and  Saphra  recommend  a  modification  of  Marshall's 
method,  which  is  based  on  the  action  of  urease,  the  ferment 
of  the  soj'a  bean,  on  urea,  forming  ammonium  carbonate, 
which  can  be  titrated.  In  an  Erlenmeyer  flask  of  50  cc. 
capacity  measure  exactly  1  cc.  of  urine,  add  10  cc.  of  water, 
a  few  grains  of  the  dried  ferment,  and  5  drops  of  toluene. 
In  a  second  flask  of  the  same  size  place  the  same  substances, 
with  the  exception  of  the  ferment.  Let  the  two  flasks  stand 
at  room  temperature,  closed,  for  20  hours,  after  which  time  the 
transformation  of  urea  into  the  ammonium  salt  is  complete. 
Add  2  drops  of  methyl  orange  to  each  flask,  and  titrate  with 
X/l6  hydrochloric  acid.  The  difference  between  the  two  titra- 
tions indicates  the  amount  of  urea.  (D.  Med.  Wochschr., 
1914,  No.  9.) 
Oblique    Graduation   on   Volumetric   Apparatus — 

Starting  with  the  principle  that  the  hypothenuse  of  a  right- 
angled  triangle  is  longer  than  either  side,  Goebel  recommends 
the  use  of  slanting  lines  for  graduations  on  glass  apparatus 
such  as  cylinders,  burettes,  and  measuring  pipettes.  The  lines 
follow  a  spiral  course  around  the  vessel,  or  else  change  direc- 
tion at  a  sharp  angle  at  each  major  division  of  the  scale.  In 
this  way  it  is  possible  to  have  a  greater  number  of  sub-divi- 
sions than  formerly,  with  the  same  distance  between  them, 
meastired  across  the  graduations.  If  the  number  of  divisions 
remains  the  same,  the  distances  become  greater  and  easier  to 
see.  (Goebel,  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1913,  No.  51.)  . 
Commercial  Rhein  Cryst. — 

.According  to  Oesterle  and  Haugseth,  "rhein  cryst."  of  com- 
merce contains  no  rhein,  but  consists  of  almost  perfectly  pure 
chrysophanic  acid,  free  of  methoxyl.  This  fact  is  all  the  more 
remarkable,  since  it  has  long  been  sought  in  vain  to  prepare 
pure  chrysophanic  acid.  In  the  course  of  the  last  few  years 
the  knowledge  of  the  natural  chrysophanic  acid  derivatives  has 
been  considerably  increased.  Special  designations  have  been 
used  for  the  indi^ndual  products,  and  the  time  has  now  come 
when  misleading  names  should  be  dropped.  The  term  rhein 
should  be  reserved  for  the  l-8-dio.xyanthraquinone-3-carbonic 
acid.    (Arch.  Pharm.,   1913,  No.  7.) 


May,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


215 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department  from  non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if   not    out    of   print,    may    be    obtained    for  25    cents    each. 


Nuclein:    Nucleic  Acid. 

(X.Y.Z.) — "How  is  nuclein  made?  Would  it  be  prac- 
ticable for  a  retail  druggist  to   manufacture   it?" 

According  to  the  "British  Pharmacopoeial  Codex,"  the  term 
"nuclein"  is  commonly  used  as  a  synonym  of  nucleic  acid,  but 
it  is  more  correctly  applied  to  the  albumin  nucleinates 
intermediate  between  nucleic  acid  and  nucleo-protein.  Nucleic 
acid,  or  nuclein,  as  used  in  medicine,  is  prepared  from  yeast, 
and  consists  chiefly  of  the  true  nucleic  acid  of  yeast,  with  a 
proportion  of  albuminate  (metaprotein)  and  carbohydrate. 
Other  nucleic  acids  are  known,  notably  those  prepared  from 
spleen  pulp,  from  thymus  gland  substance,  pancreatic  tissue, 
etc.  According  to  the  above  authority,  if  yeast,  spermatozoa, 
or  pus  cells,  be  extracted  with  acids  a  residue  is  obtained 
■which  has  been  termed  nuclein.  This  residue  is  acid  and 
contains  a  considerable  amount  of  phosphorus.  If  it  be  further 
treated  with  alkalies  or  is  subject  to  tryptic  digestion  the 
protein  is  split  off,  the  nucleic  acid  which  remains  containing 
all  of  the  phosphorus.  The  acid  occurs  as  a  grayish-white 
powder,  and  is  gradually  decomposed  on  boiling  with  dilute 
acids,  or  even  by  heating  with  water,  but  is  resistant  towards 
th";  action  of  alkalies,  especially  if  sodium  or  potassium  ace- 
tate be  present.  It  is  acid  to  litmus,  will  decompose  car- 
bonates, and  forms  salts  with  metals.  Nuclein  and  nucleic 
acid  and  nucleates  are  said  to  increase  the  number  of  white 
corpuscles,  and  it  has  been  claimed  that  this  increases  the 
resistance  to  infections.  "These  results  (New  and  Nonofficial 
Remedies)  have  been  obtained  by  intravenous  or  hypodermic 
injection,  and  on  this  basis  therapeutic  deductions  have  been 
made;  it  is  doubtful  whether  we  are  warranted  in  applying 
these  conclusions  to  the  administration  of  the  remedy  by  the 
mouth."  It  is  probable  that  this  product  could  be  manufac- 
tured by  the  retail  druggist  who  has  had  the  necessary  scien- 
tific training  and  who  possesses  the  proper  laboratory  facilities, 
but  unless  he  might  wish  to  specialize  in  this  direction,  it  is 
extremely  doubtful  whether  such  an  undertaking  would  be 
financially  remunerative. 


•    Per  Cent,  of  Alcohol  in  Essence  of  Peppermint. 

(A. B.C.) — Under  the  Federal  Food  and  Drugs  Act  it  is 
required  that  the  "strength"  of  alcohol  in  any  mixture  shall 
be  expressed  in  figures  showing  the  percentage  of  absolute 
alcohol  by  volume.  The  alcohol  of  the  U.S. P.  contains  94.9 
per  cent,  by  volume  of  absolute  alcohol  (see  U.S. P.,  page  33, 
under  definition).  According  to  the  formula  for  essence  of 
peppermint,  100  cc.  oil  of  peppermint  are  dissolved  in  enough 
alcohol  to  make  the  finished  product  measure  1000  cc.  In 
other  words,  900  cc.  alcohol  U.S. P.  are  used  to  make  1000  cc. 
of  essence,  but  as  stated  above,  the  U.S. P.  alcohol  contains 
but  94.9  per  cent,  absolute  alcohol  or  (900x94.9)  854. 1  cc. 
Now,  if  the  total  volume  of  the  finished  product  is  1000  cc, 
the  900  cc.  of  official  alcohol  (equivalent,  as  we  have  just 
shown,  to  854.1  cc.  of  absolute  alcohol)  will  represent  but 
85.41  per  cent,  of  the  volume,  which,  on  the  assumption  that 
there  is  no  shrinkage  in  volume  when  the  oil  is  dissolved  in 
the  alcohol,  is  very  close  to  the  actual  theoretical  figures  show- 
ing the  percentage  of  absolute  alcohol  in  U.S. P.  spirit  (es- 
sence) of  peppermint.  In  this  calculation  it  is  also  assumed 
that  the  presence  of  the  herb  added  for  coloring  purposes  is 
of  so  little  importance  as  to  be  quite  negligible. 

It  should  also  be  stated  that  the  actual  alcoholic  percentage 
of  any  sample  of  essence  of  peppermint  can  be  determined  only 
by  analysis  of  that  particular  sample,  the  condition  of  all 
samples  being  more  or  less  modified  by  storage,  the  effects  of 
light  and  heat  and  consequent  evaporation,  etc.     For  the  pur- 


PLJes  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  however,  tlie  percentage 
given  above  (85.41)  is  generally  "rounded  off"  as  85.5  per 
cent.,  and  these  figures  are  given  by  Prof.  A.  B.  Stevens  in  the 
Era  Dose  Book  for  the  alcohol  content  of  this  essence.  The 
statement  that  900  cc.  or  90  per  cent,  of  the  volume  of  the 
essence  is  official  alcohol  is  practically  correct,  but  for  labeling 
purposes  under  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  the  "alcohol"  of 
the  U.S. P.  is  not  the  standard  on  which  the  percentage  is 
calculated,  for  the  figures  so  obtained,  as  explained  above, 
would  not  express  in  terms  of  absolute  alcohol  the  amount 
present  in  the  finished  product. 


Manufacture  of  Absorbent  Cotton. 
(H.L.M.) — There  is  no  single  book  published  that  we  know 
of  pertaining  to  the  manufacture  of  absorbent  cotton,  although 
thj  new  edition  of  the  Era  Formulary  does  give  a  formula 
for  the  fabrication  of  this  product,  as  also  for  the  preparation 
of  the  various  forms  of  antiseptic  cottons  from  such  manu- 
factured absorbent  cotton.  As  a  general  proposition,  absorbent 
cotton  cannot  be  economically  manufactured  on  the  small  scale, 
as  the  operation  requires  technical  experience,  special  appara- 
tus and  a  plant  representing  large  capitalization.  Some  manu- 
facturers, so-called,  eliminate  the  preliminary  manufacturing 
operations  and  buy  the  amount  of  absorbent  cotton  they  may 
need,  and  use  it  as  "raw  material,"  preparing  from  it  the 
various  antiseptic  cottons  or  specialties  by  their  particular 
formulas.  On  the  commercial  scale  the  following  outline  rep- 
resents the  steps  usually  followed  by  the  average  manufacturer : 
The  fat  is  first  removed  from  the  cotton  by  prolonged  boiling 
under  pressure  with  a  solution  of  sodium  hydrate  or  of  an 
alkaline  rosin-soda  soap  solution,  and  thorough  washing  with 
soft  water.  The  cotton  is  then  bleached  by  immersion  in  a 
clear  solution  of  chlorinated  lime,'  the  latter  being  removed  by 
on  of  several  methods.  One  method  consists  in  profuse  wash- 
ing with  water,  treatment  with  very  dilute  hydrochloric  acid, 
immersion  in  a  bath  of  sodium  hyposulphite  to  remove  the 
liberated  chlorine,  and  addition  of  stearin  soap.  This  reacts 
with  the  hydrochloric  acid  still  retained  by  the  cotton,  stearic 
acid  being  liberated,  this  imparting  to  the  cotton  the  peculiar 
"crunching"  between  the  fingers  when  handled,  a  quality  some 
users  demand.  This  "crunching,"  however,  may  be  removed 
by  treatment  with  a  very  dilute  solution  of  sodium  bicar- 
bonate. If  desired,  the  absorbent  property  of  the  cotton  may 
be  destroyed  by  rinsing  the  material  in  a  solution  of  alum. 
To  secure  a  uniformly  and  satisfactory  product  thorough  and 
copious  washings  with  water  after  all  operations  must  be 
rigidly  observed. 


Kemoving  Ink  Stains  from  Mixed  Goods. 

(E.C.M.) — The  problem  of  removing  ink  stains  can  be 
most  satisfactorily  solved  by  first  finding  out  something  of  the 
composition  of  the  ink  causing  the  stains,  and  then  applying 
some  approved  and  tested  form  of  treatment  for  the  removal 
of  the  particular  kind  of  ink.  The  old-fashioned  lasting  ink 
consists  chiefly  of  tannate  of  iron,  and  to  remove  it,  a  chemical 
that  will  convert  the  tannin  into  some  soluble  colorless  iron 
salt  must  be  used.  In  most  cases  oxalic  acid  is  best  suited 
for  this  purpose.  Inks  made  from  aniline  derivatives  or  dyes 
cannot  be  converted  into  colorless  compounds  so  easily.  Tar- 
taric acid  is  a  good  solvent  for  such  compounds,  and  chlorine 
is  also  useful  as  a  bleaching  agent.  All  of  the  so-called  "ihk 
removers"  are  based  on  the  application  of  these  two  fundamen- 
tal rules  and  compounded  accordingly.  As  you  have  given  us 
no  information  concerning  the  character  of  the  ink  causing  the 
stain,  we  are  somewhat  handicapped  in  giving  you  a  direct 
answer  to  your  question.  However,  the  following  solution  will 
remove  the  stains  caused  by  most  iron  tannate  inks: 

Potassium  oxalate    1  ounce 

Cream  of  tartar 2  ounces 

Mix  well,  sprinkle  a  little  of  the  powder  on  the  stain  and 
apply  a  damp  cloth.  Repeat  till  the  stain  disappears,  then 
wash  with  water.  This  solution  may  also  remove  the  dye 
from  the   cloth,    but   in  some   instances   the   dye  may   be   made 


216 


THE    i'HAKMACEUTlOAL    ERA 


[May,  1'J14 


to  partly  reappear  by  treating  the  cloth  after  removal  of  the 
stain  with  a  dilute  solution  of  ammonia.  Some  stains  may 
also  be  removed  by  treatment  with  hydrogen  peroxide  to  which 
a  little  ammonia  has  been  added. 

For  alizarine  ink  stains  on  colored  cottons,  woolens  or  silk, 
a  weak  solution  of  tartaric  acid  is  recommended  (if  the  color 
of  the  cloth  permits  such  application);  or  a  mixture  of  alum, 
1  ounce;  tartaric  acid,  4  ounces,  and  water,  1  pint,  may  be 
employed. 

At  best,  these  formulas  are  only  suggestive,  but  they  are 
worthy  of  a  trial.  If  these  do  not  answer,  the  stain  must  be 
attacked  from  another  direction,  depending  on  the  character 
of  the  ink  causing  the  stain.  Dozens  of  variant  processes  and 
formulas  are  given  in  the  new  edition  of  the  Era  Formulary, 
a  book  which  you  should  have  to  answer  just  such  queries  as 
the  one  vou  have  submitted  to  us. 


Santonin  in  Worm  Lozenges. 
(H.L.M.) — There  is  no  anthelmintic  that  we  can  suggest 
that  will  so  satisfactorily  meet  the  requirements  for  use  in  a 
worm  lozenge  as  santonin,  all  medical  authorities  quite  uni- 
formly agreeing  that  it  is  the  best  remedy  in  the  materia  medica 
for  this  form  of  administration.  Pink  root,  chenopodium, 
naphlhalin,  kousso,  etc.,  in  combination  with  cathartics,  as 
the  first  named  with  senna,  are  used  in  liquid  combination, 
but  as  a  rule,  they  are  not  suitable  for  administration  in 
lozenge  form.  If  you  will  take  any  standard  wqrk  on  materia 
medica  and  therapeutics  and  run  over  the  list  of  drugs  used 
as  anthelmintics  you  will  quickly  discover  how  limited  the 
number  is;  that  of  this  number  but  one  or  two  can  be  adapted 
or  safely  administered  in  tablet  form,  and  of  this  small  num- 
ber, santonin  is  practically  the  only  drug  worth  considering 
for  the  purpose  named. 


For  an  aromatic  elixir  of  weaker  alcoholic  strength,  the 
following  formula,  originated  by  F.  M.  Apple  and  presented 
by  him  to  the  A. Ph. A.,  in  190S,  is  given  herewith: 

.Vnethol     12  minims 

Oil    of    coriander V/i  minims 

Oil    of    myristica '. 2  minims 

Tincture    of    vanilla,    U.S.P 1  fl.  dram 

Alcohol     t'/i  fJ.  ounces 

Simple  syrup,  distilled  water,  of  each  a 

sufficient    quantity    to   make 32  fl.  ounces 

Purified   talc    1  ounce 

Prepare  according  to  the  directions  given  for  the  preparation 
of  the  U.S.P.  aromatic  elixir. 

For   making  a   "red   aromatic  elixir"   take  of — 

Tincture   of   cudbear,    N.F 6  fl.  drams 

Compound   tincture   of   cudbear 2  fl.  drams 

Aromatic   elixir   (as  above),   enough   to 

make    16  R.  ounces 

Allow  to  stand  48  hours,  if  possible,  and  filter. 
Mr.  Apple  states  that  when  tincture  of  cudbear  and  com^ 
pound  tincture  of  cudbear  are  mixed  in  the  above  proportions, 
a  very  beautiful  red  color  results  upon  dilution  thereof,  a 
color  free  from  the  purplish  tint  of  the  dilutions  of  tincture 
of  cudbear,  and  also  free  from  the  brownish  tint  of  the  dilu— 
ti  ns  of  compound  tincture  of  cudbear. 


Compound    Pepsin    Digestive    Powders. 

(J.A.H.) — The   following  formula   is   taken   from   our   files: 

Sodium    bcarbonate    480  grains 

Bismuth    subcarbonate    480  grains 

Powdered   ginger    32  grains 

Pepsin     '. 32  grains 

Pancreatin    32  grains 

Milk    sugar    64  grains 

Mix  and  divide  into  32  powders. 

In  this  formula  bismuth  subcarbonate  is  used  instead  of 
bismuth  subnitrate  on  account  of  the  incompatibility  of  the 
latter  with  sodium  bicarbonate,  especially  in  the  presence  of 
moisture.  Although  this  and  similar  combinations  are  often 
employed,  the  advisability  of  prescribing  pepsin  and  pancreatin 
together  is  questioned  on  the  ground  that  ferments  are  gene- 
rally destroyed  by  each  other,  and  also  during  their  sojourn  in 
the  stomach. 


Prothaenime :    Protbaemin. 

(W.E.C.) — We  strongly  suspect  that  by  the  name  "prothae- 
nime"  is  meant  "prothaemin,"  which,  as  stated  in  the  latest 
(1913)  annual  report  of  E.  Merck,  Darmstadt,  Germany,  is  a 
preparation  made  from  blood  according  to  E.  Salkowski's 
directions ;  it  contains  the  albuminous  substances,  the  iron  and 
the  organically  combined  phosphorus  of  the  blood.  It  is  put 
on  the  market  in  the  form  of  a  fine,  chocolate-colored  powder, 
which  is  said  to  be  devoid  of  taste  and  smell.  As  indicated 
by  its  composition,  it  is  used  as  a  nutrient  and  strengtheniiig 
drug,  and  as  a  mild  iron  tonic.  P.  Korb  administered  it  in 
pulmonary  tuberculosis,  anemia,  and  chlorosis,  and  in  all  his 
cases  observed  an  increase  in  weight  and  an  improvement  in 
the  composition  of  the  blood.  The  author  recommends  giving 
the  drug  dissolved  in  milk  or  cocoa,  in  amounts  of  1  to  2 
teaspoonfuls  three  times  a  day.  We  are  unable  to  find  this 
preparation  listed  in  any  of  the  price-lists  at   our  command. 


Ked  Aromatic  Elixir. 
(J..A.H.) — We  cannot  suggest  a  better  formula  than  that 
given  for  aromatic  elixir  in  the  Pharmacopoeia.  This  elixir 
contains  23.75  per  cent,  of  alcohol  and  may  be  colored  red 
with  tincture  of  cudbear  or  cochineal  coloring,  cudbear  being 
used  as  the  coloring  agent  when  a  bright  red  tint  or  color  is  to 
be  produced,  particularly  if  the  resulting  elixir  is  to  be  used 
as  a  vehicle  for  acid  combinations.  For  a  deeper  red,  the 
aniline  color  known  as  "Ruby  S"  may  be  employed. 


Non-Sticky    Cosmetic    Cream. 
(J.A.H.) — Try  one  of  the  following: 

(I) 

Corn   flour    3  drams 

Boric  acid    2  drams 

Carbolic  acid  Yz  dram 

Glycerin    6  ounces 

Distilled    water     14  ounces 

Perfume   to   suit. 
Mix  the  corn  flour  with  1  ounce  of  water,  add  the  remain- 
der of  the  water  and  bring  to  a  boil.     Dissolve  the  boric  and^ 
carbolic   acids   in   the   glycerin   and   add   to   the   flour   mixture. 
Lastly  add  any  desired  perfume. 

(2) 

Distilled    water     5  ounces 

Powdered    borax    1  dram 

Glycerin    yi  ounce 

Sodium    sulphite    2  drams 

Rose   water,    triple 10  ounces 

This  formula  is  given  by  "Pharmaceutical  Formulas"  under 
the  name  "English  May  Dew  Lotion"  and  recommended  as 
a  "toilet  table  companion,  cooling  and  softening  the  skin  when 
hot,  dry,  and  painful  from  exposure  to  sun  or  wind,  or  heated ' 
by  exercise.  It  is  of  great  use  in  chafing,  redness  and  rough- 
ness." 

The  question  of  what  constitutes  a  distinctive  odor  for  per' 
fuming  these  or  similar  toilet  creams  or  lotions  is  largely  a 
matter  of  personal  preference.  Many  manufacturers  use  syn- 
thetic perfumes  in  various  combination  for  this  purpose. 
Many  suggestive  formulas  of  this  character  are  given  in  the 
new  Era  Formulary. 


Sodium   Salicylate   with   Syrup   Hypophospliites. 

(E.J.S.) — "Please    criticise    the    following    prescription    in. 
your  next  issue  of  the  Era. 

Sodium    salicylate    4  drams 

Syrup    hypophosphites,    compound  (Lilly), 

enough    to    make 3  ounces 

"After  filling  the  prescription  a  white  precipitate  is  formed." 
We   do   not   know   the   exact   constitution   of   the   compound  • 
syrup  of  hypophosphites  employed  in  this  prescription,   but  on 
the  assumption  that  the  syrup  contains  quinine,  as  most  of  the 
commercial    syrups    under    this    title    do,    it    is    reasonable    to  • 
suppose  that  the  precipitate  reported   is  quinine  salicylate.     It 
is  possible  that  some  calcium   salicylate   is   also   formed,   while 
if   the  syrup   contains   any    ferric   hypophosphite   there   will   be 
a   precipitation   of   ferric   salicylate    when    the    prescribed    sub- 
stances  are   brought   together,   the   reaction   being   accompanied 
by  the  characteristic  coloration  showing  the  formation  of  the  ■ 
iion  salt. 


HIay,  1914] 


THE    PHARIHACEUTICAL    ERA 


217 


WOMEIM  m  PHARMACY 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 


VI.   The  Woman  Pharmacist's  Future. 


EUGENICS — A   BETTER   START. 


THE  charge  has  sometimes  been  made  that  professional 
women  soon  lose  their  womanly  qualities  and  cease  to  be 
interested  in  home  and  home-making.  One  well-known 
and  estimable  gentleman-writer  of  the  old  school  has  recently 
given  press  expression  to  the  opinion  that  he  objected  to 
women  taking  an  interest  in  public  affairs  in  order  that  they 
might  have  their  time  for  philanthropy  and  benevolent  purpose, 
quite  overlooking  the  fact  that  the  philanthropic  needs  could 
be  lessened  and  in  time  eliminated  by  a  proper  readjustment 
of  public  affairs. 

It  is  always  better  to  build  a  wire  fence  at  the  top  of  a  cliff 
than  a  hospital  at  the  bottom  of  it. 

The  true  womanly  qualities  of  the  woman  pharmacist  are  not 
affected  by  her  professional  duties.  Her  interest  in  her  home, 
her  own  and  other  people's  children,  and  in  the  welfare  of  the 
people  about  her  is  increased  rather  than  lessened  by  her 
expert  knowledge  of  how  a  home  may  be  kept  sanitary  and 
healthful,  how  children  may  be  intelligently  cared  for,  and  the 
race  bettered  by  due  consideration  of  causes  and  effects. 

The  new  science  of  eugenics  deals  with  the  improvement  of 
the  race  through  proper  understanding  of  its  inborn  qualities — 
in  other  words,  by  better  breeding.  The  professional  worker 
who  is  indifferent  to  or  willing  that  babies  shall  die  in  great 
numbers  in  order  that  his  or  her  business  may  thrive  upon 
palliative  remedies  is  surely  asleep. 

The  most  prosperous  and  honored  physician  is  the  one  who 
teaches  preventive  means  effectively.  The  Chinese  are  not  so 
slow  after  all  in  paying  the  doctor  only  while  the  family  re- 
mains in  health. 

No  less  an  authority  than  Dr.  C.  B.  Davenport  tells  us  that 
probably  50,000,000  children  are  bom  each  year  and  that 
Uncle  Sam's  share  of  this  valuable  crop  is  2,500,000.  If  chil- 
<iren  are  well-bom,  the  problem  of  saving  them  is  simpliiied. 
Yet  statistics  tell  us  that  half  a  million  of  our  babies  die 
before  they  are  a  year  old  and  only  a  half  of  the  total  number 
pass  into  adult  maturity,  and  the  care  of  our  "half  a  million 
or  so  insane,  feeble-minded,  epileptic,  blind,  and  deaf;  80,000 
prisoners,  and  100,000  paupers"  costs  us  over  $100,000,000 
a  year. 

Surely  there  is  opportunity  for  benevolences,  but  alas!  these 
will  not  stem  the  ever-swelling  tide.  We  must  work  for  in- 
telligently-applied eugenics.  Simply  put,  this  means  to  educate 
young  people  to  select  their  life  partners  with  a  full  knowledge 
of  the  traits  that  are  in  the  protoplasm  and  the  blood  on  both 
sides,  also  the  scientific  surety  of  undesirable  combinations; 
State  control  of  propagation  by  the  mentally  incompetent ;  and 
a  study  of  the  well-defined  laws  of  the  inheritance  of  health 
and  mental  characteristics. 

The  woman  pharmacist  who  so  informs  herself  that  she  is 
an  authority  upon  this  subject  is  a  mighty  leavening  factor 
in  any  conmnunity  and  the  influence  of  a  smgle  individual  may 
be  as  far-reaching  in  this  field  as  that  of  Edison  has  been  in 
electricity  or  James  in  psychology. 

The  Eugenics  Record  Office  at  Cold  Spring  Harbor,  Long 
Island,  X.  Y.,  is  ready  to  assist  or  co-operate  in  this  work 
and  the  Oregon  Social  Hygiene  Society  of  Portland,  Oregon, 
is  doing  an  excellent  work  along  the  same  line. 

It  becomes  exceedingly  interesting  to  understand  the  poten- 
tial qualities  of  the  germ  plasm  carried  on  through  several 
generations.  It  is  no  mere  happen-so  that  14  of  the  descend- 
ants of  Jonathan  Edwards  have  been  noted  among  the  most 
eminent  of  America's  college  presidents,  students,  and  moral 
leaders,  nor  that  in  the  case  of  the  famous  Jukes  family  of  New- 
York,  the  progeny  of  Ada  Juke  are  very  largely  criminal ;  the  de- 
scendants of  Bell  Juke  immoral  in  marked  degree;  and  those 
dating  back  to  the  other  sister  Effie  are  paupers.  Dr.  Daven- 
port declares  "The  difference  in  the  germ  plasm  determines 
the   difference    in   the   prevailing   trait."      In    75   years — ending 


1877,  this  family  cost  the  State  of  New  York  over  one  and  a 
fourth  million  dollars  directly  traceable.  Much  cannot  be 
estimated,  and  the  multiplication  of  the  evil  since  then  is 
steadily  swelling  this  fearful  tide. 

Eugenics  and  euthenics,  must  both  find  a  place  among  the 
vital  subjects  to  interest  us  all.  Dr.  John  J.  Cronin  says: 
"It  is  as  hard,  in  my  opinion,  for  a  truly  healthy  body  to  do 
or  think  wrong,  as  it  is  difficult  for  a  defective  body  to  do 
or  think  right."     This  remark  bears  food  for  deep  thought. 

Milk  stations,  standardization,  pure  food,  and  pure  drugs 
are  all  worthy  purposes,  but  in  considering  the  symptoms  let 
us  not  forget  the  root  of  the  whole  matter — people  themselves. 
We  need  the  broadening  and  the  illuminating  influence  of  it 
all  and  incidentally  we  may  help  others  to  see.  It  is  not  a 
small  thing  to  have  influenced  even  one  individual  so  that  the 
race  determiners  for  the  future  of  that  line  shall  make  for  a 
purer  and  better  strain. 

"The  Lady  of  the  Apothecary"  wields  a  great  influence. 
Mothers,  young  girls,  even  yotmg  men  frequently  confide  in 
her,  sure  of  ever-ready,  understanding  sympathy.  Opportunity 
and  privilege  for  lasting  and  valuable  service  is  often  ours, 
let  us  be  ready.  The  relation  of  eugenics  to  better  births, 
better  health,  to  the  protection  of  w-omanhood,  the  abolition  of 
the  white  slave  trade.  State  responsibility,  and  the  encourage- 
ment of  better  heritages — all  should  be  given  thoughtful  at- 
tention. The  world  is  moving  and  we  have  no  desire  to  be 
left  behind. 


A  Deaconess  in  Pharmacy  Work. 


CINCINNATI  is  essentially  a  deaconess  city — there  are 
more  Deaconess'  Homes  representing  different  denomina- 
tions than  in  any  other  of  our  American  cities.  Three 
of  these  homes  have  charge  of  hospitals  connected  with  their 
work,  and  this  necessitates  well  equipped  pharmacies  and 
pharmacists. 

The  Bethesda  Hospital  and 
German  Methodist  Deaconess 
Home  was  founded  in  1896  by 
Miss  Louise  Colder  and  a 
few  German  deaconesses  who 
had  received  their  training  in 
Christ  Hospital  and  the 
Methodist  Deaconess  Home 
of  Cinciimati.  Every  deacon- 
ess is  required  to  enter  the 
course  of  training  for  a  nurse ; 
thereafter  she  may  enter  upon 
other  branches  of  the  work 
if  she  so  desires.  Some  re- 
main in  the  hospitals,  others 
go  into  missionary,  social  ser- 
vice  and   church   work. 

In  the  Summer  of  1902  a 
capable  little  lady,  who  for 
eight  years  had  been  laboring 
as  school  mistress  in  the  Lone 
Star  State,  felt  a  strong  call  to  enter  this  work.  When  Miss 
Bertha  Ott  turned  her  footsteps  toward  the  Queen  City  it 
was  with  the  idea  of  entering  the  field  of  nursing,  but  it  so 
happened  at  this  time  that  the  hospital  was  without  a  phar- 
macist. One  was  badly  needed  and  it  fell  to  her  lot  to  take 
the  course  in  pharmacy  and  prepare  for  this  branch  of  im- 
portant service.  At  first  she  hesitated,  rather  disappointed  to 
give  up  her  own  choice  of  work,  but  sometimes  we  are  not 
privileged  to  please  ourselves  and  the  great  and  consoling  fact 
has  been  proved  times  without  number  that  those  who  do 
their  duty  cheerfully  and  well,  will  in  the  end  find  that  the 
path  has  led  to  success.  It  was  even  so  in  the  case  of  Miss 
Ott.     She  says: 

"I  am  now  fully  as  happy  to  be  privileged   to   be   classed 


Miss  Bertha  Ott 


218 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[May,  1914 


Women  in  the  College  oi  Pharmacv.  State  V^niversity  of  Iowa. 


upper  Row — Maude  Wieland,  Elsie  Campbell,  Lucille  Shircliffe.   Lower  Row — Mollie  Christianson,  Susan  Blake,  Nellie  Manbeck. 


THE  following  facts  are  presented  through  the  kindness  of 
Prof.  Zada  M.  Cooper:  The  College  of  Pharmacy  of  the 
State  University  of  Iowa  was  established  in  1885.  Being 
a  part  of  a  State  institution  which  was  co-educational,  the 
college  has  always  been  open  to  women  as  well  as  to  men, 
and  the  first  class  numbered  one  woman  among  its  members. 
However,  almost  none  availed  themselves  of  the  opportunity 
during  the  early  years,  and  it  was  not  until  1892  that  a  woman 
was  graduated.  Since  that  time  there  have  been  few  gradu- 
ating classes  in  which  there  were  no  women.  Up  to  the  pres- 
ent time  46  women  have  been  enrolled,  of  whom  22  have 
graduated.  For  the  past  10  years  almost  every  woman  regis- 
tering has  remained  to  graduate.     Those  who  did  not  complete 


their  work  were  in  attendance  when  the  school  was  newer. 
The  same  condition  existed  among  men  students  at  that  time, 
a  college  education  in  pharmacy  being  considered  more  as  a 
luxury  than  a  necessity. 

It  is  a  noteworthy  fact  that  the  women  who  have  studied  at 
thi  college  have  been  successful  in  real  life.  They  did  not 
study  pharmacy  merely  as  a  pastime  but  with  a  definite  pur- 
pose of  which  they  did  not  lose  sight.  Whether  as  clerks, 
managers  or  owners,  they  have  been  a  credit  to  their  alma 
mater  and  the  community  in  which  they  live. 

At  the  present  time  there  are  six  women  enrolled,  two 
seniors  and  four  juniors. 


among  the  noble,  energetic  women — my  sister  pharmacists. 
With  the  theoretical  knowledge  and  experience  received  at  our 
Cincinnati  College  of  Pharmacy,  with  the  practical  experience 
at  Bethesda  Hospital,  with  many  a  kind  suggestion  and  timely 
advice  of  a  brother  pharmacist — a  neighbor  in  the  hospital — 
I  have  been  able  to  pass  successfully  the  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy  of  Ohio. 

"I  think  hospital  pharmacy  the  place  for  women  pharma- 
cists, because  the  privileges  given  them  are  innumerable.  If 
the  pharmacist  is  a  teacher,  the  opportunity  will  be  granted 
her  to  instruct  an  eager  class  of  young  women  in  chemistry 
and  materia  medica.  If  she  prefers  to  engage  in  research 
work  as  a  side-line,  the  hospital  laboratory  is  open  to  her. 
In  fact,  institutional  pharmacy  is  the  only  place  where  we 
can  say  we  are  engaged  strictly  in  pharmacy  without  side- 
lines, of  which  we  see  so  much  in  our  present  day. 

"Again,  hospital  duty  hours,  though  long,  may  be  so  arranged 
as  not  to  become  too  strenuous  for  the  woman  pharmacist, 
and  I  hereby  encourage  every  young  woman  seeking  a  position 
as  pharmacist  to  try  hospital  pharmacy  if  the  privilege  is 
granted  her." 

The  Bethesda  Hospital  with  its  annex,  the  Scarlet  Oaks 
Sanitarium  and  a  newer  annex,  the  New  Maternity  Hospital, 
are  institutions  of  imposing  dignity,  equipped  with  every 
modem,   scientific  appliance. 

The  deaconesses  wear  a  special  garb  for  practical  reasons 
only.  It  insures  them  protection  and  respect.  A  deaconess 
may  not  marry  as  long  as  she  retains  her  position,  but  if  she 
wishes  may  give  up  her  vocation.     She  differs  from   a  trained 


nurse  in  that  she  does  not  serve  for  money  but  rather  for  the 
love  of  humanity.  She  receives  a  monthly  allowance  sufficient 
for  the  defraying  of  simple  personal  expenses,  and  in  old 
age  or  sickness  is  cared  for. 

Miss  Ott  is  engaged  in  a  doubly  noble  work,  for  she  is 
devoting  her  life  and  scientific  knowledge  to  the  needs  of 
humanity   without  expectation  of  earthly  reward. 


A    PRETTY    TRIBUTE. 


MRS.  JOHN  T.  ROE,  the  beloved  president  of  the  Mobile 
presence  at  the  monthly  meeting  held  at  the  home  of 
Chapter,  has  been  ill  To  celebrate  her  recovery  and 
the  vice-president,  Mrs.  R.  S.  Braswell,  a  unique  feature  was 
planned  in  the  form  of  a  "surprise  shower."  The  house  was 
beautifully  decorated  for  the  occasion.  Mrs.  Roe  read  a  paper 
of  historical  value  concerning  the  Chapter  w-ork,  five  years  of 
harmonious  fellowship  having  been  completed,  and  encouraged 
the  members  to  plan  for  greater  things  still  in  the  future. 

.■\t  the  close  of  her  address  Mrs.  Head  presented  Mrs.  Roe 
with   a   basket   of   beautiful   flowers. 

The  recipient  was  much  pleased  with  the  fragrant  blooms 
and  lifting  one  to  admire  its  loveliness,  she  discovered  to  her 
still  greater  surprise  that  the  flowers  were  but  a  covering  for 
numberless  small  packages  beneath.  There  was  a  personal 
gift  for  her  from  every  member  of  her  chapter.  Her  surprise 
and  delight  more  than  repaid  the  loving  thought  that  was 
expended. 


^«MWAVl4A^mvf^6^«»vvM«'M*flV«*vmvl&v^^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


—  George  Hall,  head  of  the  perfume  department  of  the 
United  Drug  Co.,  of  Boston,  has,  as  was  stated  briefly  in  the 
April  Era,  the  unusual  honor  of  being  the  only  American 
perfumer — and  probably  the  only  citizen  of  the  United  States — ■ 
to  be  decorated  with  the  French  decoration  of  Chevalier  du 
Merite  Agricole.  This  order  was  founded  by  former  President 
Grevy,  of  France,  in  1883,  and  the  title  and  decoration. 
Chevalier,  are  conferred  only  on  those  who  have  contributed 
greatly  to  the  development  of  French  resources.  Mr.  Hall's 
activities  as  a  perfumer  have  not  only  contributed  to  French 
resources  and  the  development  of  the  French  perfume  indus- 
try, but  greatly  to  the  development  and  improvement  of  the 
American  perfume  industry,  and  to  the  prestige  of  Boston  in 
the  perfume  world.  The  perfume  department  of  the  United 
Drug  Company  was  started  six  years  ago.  Recognizing  the 
superiority  at  that  time  of  French  perfume  products  over  any 
produced  in  this  country,  Mr.  Hall  spent  much  of  his  time  in 
France,  absorbing  French  methods  and  learning  the  many 
secret  processes  of  the  greatest  experts,  at  the  same  time  buying 
flowers  and  distilling  pomades  and  oils  in  the  United  Drug 
Company's  own  laboratory  in  Southern  France.  There  crude 
materials  were  shipped  back  to  the  laboratories  in  Boston,  to 
become  the  basic  ingredients  of  various  extracts,  toilet  waters, 
and  other  toilet  accessories,  which,  while  having  an  American 
label,  are  essentially  French.  This  work  has  grow^n  until  the 
United  Drug  Company  now  imports  over  $300,000  worth  of 
perfume  products  into  Boston  annually,  and  the  perfume 
laboratories  out  near  the  Fenway  on  Huntington  avenue 
have  become  the  largest  in  America,  if  not  indeed  in  the 
world,  the  number  of  employees  increasing  in  six  years  from 
only   four  to  two  hundred. 

— ■  When  Congressman-elect  James  A.  Gallivan,  of 
the  12th  Massachusetts  district,  left  for  Washington,  after  his 
election  on  April  7,  he  was  accompanied-  by  John  J.  Murphy, 
one  of  the  best-known  young  men  of 
South  Boston,  who  laid  the  founda- 
tion of  much  of  his  popularity  while 
working  as  a  drug  clerk  in  the  district. 
Mr.  Murphy  is  a  former  representative 
in  the  Massachusetts  Legislature,  and 
he  was  a  candidate  himself  for  the 
Congressional  nomination,  but  withdrew 
in  favor  of  Mr.  Gallivan,  after  the 
various  candidates,  meeting  with  Mayor 
Curley,  whose  resignation  from  Congress 
caused  the  vacancy  which  has  just  been 
filled,  found  it  impossible  in  conference 
to  agree  upon  a  candidate.  The  Mayor 
favored  Mr.  Murphy,  but  as  harmony 
was  the  most  desired  end.  Murphy 
eliminated  himself  and  declared  for  Gal- 
livan. Secretary  Murphy  is  just  25 
years  old  and  lives  in  South  Boston, 
where  he  was  bom.  He  represented  Ward  14  in  the  House  of 
Representatives  during  the  years  1912  and  1P13.  He  is  a  law 
student  and  holds  a  certificate  as  a  registered  pharmacist.  For 
some  few  years  he  was  a  reporter  on  Boston  dailies.  He  was 
educated  at  the  South  Boston  High  School,  Massachusetts 
College  of  Pharmacy,  Boston  University  and  Suffolk  Law- 
School 


J.    J.    Murphy 


—  Chester  Cochran,  manager  of  the  country  sales  depart- 
rnent,  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  St.  Louis,  according  to  informa- 
tion given  out  by  a  person  connected  with  the  establishment, 
has  recently  been  joked  a  great  deal  because  of  a  story-  said 
to  have  been  told  on  him  by  Assistant  Manager  Simpson.  Mr. 
Simpson,  it  was  said,  told  the  story  about  like  this:  "Cochran, 
you  know,  had  four  hens  in  his  back  yard.  One  day  the  hens 
would  lay  one  egg,  the  next  day  two  eggs,  the  third  day  three 
eggs,  the  fourth,  four  eggs,  and  once  in  a  while  they  would 
miss  a  day,  but  they  managed  to  keep  up  a  splendid  average. 
Each  night  he  would  hurry  home  to  find  out  how  his  hens 
were  doing,  and  then  hurry  in  to  tell  Mrs.  Cochran.  And  she 
was  delighted  to  see  him  so  pleased  with  his  hens.  He  be- 
came so  enthusiastic  he  bought  two  more  hens,  and  they  were 
good  layers,  too.  But,  alas! — and  it  wasn't  the  hens'  fault 
either,  for  what  could  they  say? — the  depressing  truth  has 
come  out.  The  hens  didn't  do  all  that  glorious  work  at  all — 
some  person  interested  in  seeing  him  proud  of  his  hens  pur- 
chased most  of  the  eggs  at  a  grocer's  and  put  them  in  the  nests 
daily."  About  the  time  of  this  great  egg  production  a  big  ship- 
ment of  eggs  from  China  was  received  in  St.  Louis  and  there 
was  a  scramble  for  them.  Happily,  however,  none  of  them 
found  their  w-ay  into  the  Cochran  nests,  for  they  were  marked 
with  Chinese  characters  which,  translated,  meant  "Dead  Souls." 

—  Simon  N.  Jones,  of  Louisville,  familiarly  known  as  the 
"Grand  Old  Man"  of  Kentucky  pharmacy,  believes  it  very 
much  worth  the  while  of  the  druggist  to  belong  to  as  many 
organizations  as  he  can,  "belonging"  in 

this  sense  meaning  active  participation 
in  the  work  of  the  bodies  of  w-hich  the 
"j'iner"  is  a  member.  Mr.  Jones  prac- 
tices what  he  preaches,  for  he  is  a 
former  president  of  thi  National  Asso- 
ciation of  Retail  Druggists,  a  former 
president  of  the  Kentucky  Pharmaceu- 
tical Association,  president  of  the  Louis- 
ville College  of  Pharmacy,  and  for  20 
years  president  of  the  Louisville  Retail 
Druggists'  Association.  He  has  been 
prominent  for  years  as  one  of  the  chief 
advisers  of  the  National  association  and 
for  a  number  of  years  has  been  a  mem- 
ber of  the  legislative  committee  of  the 
N.A.R.D.  State  pharmaceutical  affairs 
have   also    been   given   his   attention,    for 


S.  N.  Jones 


he  has  had  a  great 
deal  to  do  with  shaping  Kentucky  pharmacy  laws,  and  he  is 
one  of  the  best-informed  men  in  the  State  upon  matters 
affecting  the  druggist. 

—  John  W.  Williams,  of  Minneapolis,  druggist,  is  78 
and  still  works  13  hours  a  day,  because  he  wants  to.  He 
flouts  the  suggestion  that  a  man  should  quit  work  because  of 
age.  Attention  to  a  drug  business  at  1211  Franklin  avenue 
from  9  in  the  morning  until  10  at  night  leaves  him  little  time 
for  long  walks — his  favorite  exercise,  but  when  he  does  take 
the  air  his  stride  is  quick  and  his  step  snappy.  His  walking 
proclivities  are  natural,  since  at  the  age  of  62  the  then  druggist 
veteran  pulled  a  sled  over  more  than  1000  miles  of  Alaskan 
trail.  At  the  height  of  the  Alaska  gold  fever  Mr.  Williams, 
with  three  companions,  penetrated  150  miles  from  the  head  of 
Copper  River  in  search  of  the  yellow  metal.  Mr.  Williams 
took  the  task  of  hauling  1500  pounds  of  supplies  over  a 
snow-obstructed  country.  It  proved  necessary  to  cover  the 
same  ground  many  times — in  fact  one  stretch  of  trail  required 
so  many  trips  back  and  forth  that  each  member  of  the  partv 
covered    between    800    and    900    miles    on    a    90-miIe    stretch. 


220 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  1914 


Mr.  Williims  made  three  trips  of  25  miles,  carr\ing  a  pack 
weighing  70  pounds.  Mr.  Williams  is  apparently  in  his  prime, 
is  organically  sound — according  to  a  recent  physical  examina- 
tion— and  credits  his  good  health  to  hard  work,  and  plenty 
of  outdoor  exercise. 

—  "Sam"  House,  proprietor  of  two  uptown  drug  stores  in 
Houston.  Te.xas,  has  stirred  the  enthusiasm  of  residents  of  the 
largest  State  in  the  Union  by  installing  the  largest  soda  foun- 
tain in  the  South  in  his  new  store  at  the  comer  of  Main  street 
and  Capitol  avenue.  This  new  piece  of  soda-water  apparatus 
is  made  up  of  S2  linear  feet  of  marble  and  ony.x,  and  naturally 
has  a  very  large  seating  capacity.  An  ice-cream  plant,  refrige- 
ration plant,  and  hot-water  pipes  to  the  fountain,  thus  making 
possible  the  sterilization  of  every  glass  used,  are  features  of 
the  store,  which  is  thoroughly  departmentized.  "Sam"  Rouse 
is  a  native  of  Brenham,  Texas,  and  sen-ed  his  apprenticeship 
with  R.  E.  Luhn.  He  attended  the  school  of  pharmacy  of  the 
University  of  Texas,  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1S98, 
only  to  enlist  at  once  in  the  United  States  navy  for  the  war 
with  Spain.  Ser\ing  with  Admiral  Sampson's  fleet  as  a  naval 
apothecary,  Mr.  Rouse  went  through  the  famous  Santiago 
blockade  and  subsequent  destruction  of  the  Spanish  squadron, 
and  served  until  the  conclusion  of  hostilities.  Returning  from 
the  war,  Mr.  Rouse  went  to  his  native  town  and  established 
a  drug  store  which  he  conducted  successfully  for  eight  years. 
Seeking  a  broader  field,  he  went  to  Houston  and  established  a 
drug  store  in  the  heart  of  the  business  district  which  has  come 
to  be  recognized  as  one  of  the  largest  and  most  remimerative 
in  Texas.  The  new  store — Rouse's  No.  2 — is  conceded  to  be 
the  finest  in  the  Southwest. 

—  C.  H.  Hurd,  druggist,  at  Kenosha,  Wis.,  a  town  of 
21,000  population  to  which  96  saloons  cater,  has  announced 
that  hereafter  no  intoxicating  liquors  of  any  kind  will  be  sold 
at  his  store.  This  is  what  he  says  about  the  new  store: 
"Personally,  I  am  neither  a  prohibitionist  nor  a  tee-totaler,  but 
selling  whiskey  in  a  drug  store  for  medicinal  use  is  certainly 
out  of  date.  There  is  not  one  physician  in  the  city  of  Keno- 
sha who  prescribes  one  pint  in  one  year.  Ask  your  family 
physician.  I  have  never  sold  liquor  by  the  drink  behind  my 
prescription  case,  nor  made  a  practice  of  using  it  in  any  form 
at  the  soda  fountain;  I  have  confined  my  sales  as  nearly  as 
possible  to  strictly  legitimate  uses.  If  I  should  decide  to  go 
into  the  liquor  business  I  would  pay  the  city  $500,  same  as 
a  saloon;  which  I  think  is  the  proper  way.  We  shall  refuse 
to  sell  liquor  just  as  we  long  ago  refused  to  sell  habit-forming 
drugs  or  anything  to  be  used  for  questionable  purposes,  not 
waiting  for  such  things  to  be  forbidden  by  law." 

—  Francis  B.  Hays,  well  known  to  the  drug  trade  of  the 
country  and  particularly  to  members  of  the  A. Ph. A.  by  his 
long  connection  with  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Druggists' 
Circular,  which  he  has  served  the  last  decade  as  managing 
editor,  has  retired  from  active  dutj',  owing  to  an  affection  of 
the  eyes.  He  will  return  to  his  old  home  in  Oxford,  N.  C, 
where  he  was  bom  in  1867.  At  the  age  of  17  he  became 
deputy  clerk  in  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  Old  North  State, 
resigning  in  1889  to  enter  pharmacy,  which  he  did  by  asso- 
ciating himself  with  his  brother-in-law  under  the  firm  name 
of  Furman  &  Hays.  In  1891  he  moved  to  New  York,  since 
which  time  he  has  pushed  the  quill  and  wielded  the  blue  pen- 
cil in  the  characteristic  Haysensian  stj'le  so  well  known  to 
those  who  have  closely  followed  pharmaceutical  journalism. 
He  is  succeeded  in  the  editorial  position  by  Dr.  Harry  ^'in 
Amy,  professor  of  chemistry  in  the  New  'V'ork  College  of 
Pharmacy. 

W.  L.,  L.  E.  and  E.  P.  Branche,  three  brothers,  who 

are  the  proprietors  of  the  Branche  Drug  Co.,  of  .A.lbany,  have 
opened  one  of  the  finest  and  most  complete  stores  in  that  city. 
Mahogany,  plate  glass  and  onyx  enter  into  the  interior  finish; 
a  mammoth  soda  foimtain  with  luncheonette,  and  a  "safety 
first"  prescription  department  are  features  of  the  establish- 
ment. The  Branche  boys  were  bom  in  Watertown,  this  State, 
and  were  trained  in  the  Albany  School  of  Pharmacy.  Then 
they  went  to  work  for  different  drug  concerns  in  Albany. 
About  a  year  ago  they  opened  a  store  of  their  own  in  Her- 
kimer and  made  a  success  of  it,  and  last  June  planned  their 
.Albany  store,  just  opened.  Souvenirs  were  distributed  in 
every  department. 

—  Abraham  Xincoln  "Wolcott,  of  Philadelphia — "A.L." 
in   business   matters,    and   'Lincoln''   to   his   friends — has   been 


looking  after  the  interests  of  the  Welch  Grape  Juice  Co.  in 
Philadelphia  for  20  years.  In  addition  to  this  territory  he  has 
the  general  oversight  of  the  Welch  stores  on  the  boardwalks  at 
Atlantic  City  and  Wildwood.  He  is  a  familiar  figure  at 
N.A.R.D.  conventions,  has  been  president  of  the  Traveling 
Men's  Auxiliary  of  the  Pa. Ph. A.,  and  is  one  of  the  best-known 
men  in  the  drug  trade.  He  is  a  native  of  South  Jersey,  a 
graduate  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  and  became 
acquainted  with  the  Welch  family  while  he  was  a  drug  clerk 
at  \'ineland,  N.  J.  Later  he  went  to  Philadelphia  as  the 
manager  of  Potts'  drug  store,  and  was  very  successful,  but 
was  secured  to  work  for  the  Welch  interests,  and  has  been 
on  the  job  ever  since. 

—  Richard  H.  Lackey,  president  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Ph. .A.,  has  returned  from  a  tour  of  the  State  made  in  the 
interest  of  a  larger  membership  of  the  organization.  He  has 
appointed  sub-committees  of  16  members  in  Philadelphia  and 
Allegheny  county.  Under  the  direction  of  Frank  P.  Streeper, 
of  Chestnut  Hill,  chairman  of  the  local  sub-committee,  auto- 
mobile tours  have  been  arranged  for  enlisting  the  interest  of 
local  druggists  in  tlie  organization.  The  campaign  will  be 
terminated  prior  to  the  annual  meeting  of  the  association  at 
Buena  \'ista  Springs,  June  23-25. 

—  Alfred  Cannon,  a  yoimg  drug  clerk  of  Woonsocket, 
R.  I.,  is  a  champion  hard  luck  specialist.  While  attending 
school  in  Des  Moines  last  Winter  he  was  quarantined  four 
weeks  with  smallpox.  Then  the  professor  of  chemistry  in 
the  school  was  killed  in  an  accident  and  the  department  was 
closed  for  a  time.  Then  when  school  was  reopened  young 
Caimon  came  dou-n  with  appendicitis  and  was  operated  upon. 
No  sooner  had  he  recovered  from  this  than  he  was  taken  ill 
with  a  serious  attack  of  mumps.  That  he  finally  graduated 
is  indicative  of  his  persistence. 

—  'Wiliiam  Thiesen,  president  of  the  Red  Cross  Drug  Co., 
operating  five  stores  at  Racine,  Wis.,  recently  acted  as  host  to 
20  of  his  branch-store  clerks  and  managers  at  the  annual 
banquet  which  he  gives  to  his  employees.  The  affair  began  at 
10 :  30  and  lasted  until  the  early  morning  hours.  Each  em- 
ployee of  the  company  made  a  few  remarks  pertaining  to  the 
business,  and  made  timely  and  valuable  suggestions  for  im- 
provement in  the  future.  President  Thiesen  spoke  of  the 
business  principles  which  he  follows  at  all  his  stores. 

—  "Sam"  Foot,  manager  of  the  sundries  department  of 
Lehn  &  Fink,  New  York,  was  recently  elected  vice-president 
of  the  Hailey  Cattle  and  Irrigation  Co.,  controlling  and 
operating  the  Evelyn  Hailey  Ranch  at  Hailey,  Texas.  Mr. 
Foot,  representing  the  interests  of  several  relatives,  has  been 
a  stockholder  in  this  concern  for  some  years,  and  is  ako  a 
stockholder  in  two  wholesale  drug  houses  in  Texas,  in  which 
State  he  formerly  lived  for  16  years. 

—  E.  E.  Bell,  senior  proprietor  of  the  Rexall  drug  store  in 
Leon,  la.,  narrowly  escaped  death  recently.  He  had  gone  to 
the  second  story  of  the  store  and  was  stooping  over  to  fill 
a  bottle  in  the  stock  room  when  he  slipped  and  fell  over 
backwards  into  the  elevator  shaft.  Involuntarily  he  threw  up 
his  hands,  and  as  he  did  so  caught  the  elevator  cable,  upon 
which  he  slid  to  the  basement.  His  hands  were  badly  burned, 
but  otherwise  he  was  uninjured. 

—  Former-Mayor  Dan  J.  Haas,  of  Dubuque,  Iowa,  has 
again  engaged  in  the  drug  business  at  his  old  stand,  2510 
Couler  avenue.  Soon  after  assuming  office  as  mayor  four 
years  ago  he  sold  out  to  Frank  C.  Keesecker.  After  retiring 
as  mayor  Mr.  Haas  opened  a  new  store  in  Couler  avenue  and 
continued  the  manufacture  of  A. B.C.  remedies,  but  recently 
disposed  of  that  store  to  take  over  his  former  place  of  business. 

—  Patrick  E.  Mannion,  a  well-known  registered  phar- 
macist employed  by  Dominick  F.  Corrigan,  of  Globe  Village 
(Fall  River),  Mass.,  has  been  appointed  a  bail  commissioner 
of  Bristol  county.  The  selection  was  made  by  Chief  Justice 
Akin,  of  the  Superior  Court,  and  was  endorsed  by  17  judges 
of  the  court  throughout  the  State.  The  duties  will  in  no  wise 
interfere  with  his  position  as  manager  of  the  Corrigan  store. 

—  L.  P.  Fouche,  proprietor  of  the  Fouche  Dmg  Co., 
Charleston,  S .  C,  has  resigned  as  an  alderman  of  his  city,  has 
sold  his  drug  business  and  moved  to  Atlanta,  Ga.,  to  become 
head  prescription  clerk  at  the  main  Jacobs'  pharmacy,  in 
Marietta  street  Atlanta.  Mr.  Fouche  was  a  member  of  the 
State  Board  of  Pharmaceutical  Examiners  and  also  resigned 
from  his  duties  in  this  connection. 


filAY,    1914] 


THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


221 


—  Charles  Honecker,  of  the  Quality  drug  store,  West 
25th  street  and  Clark  avenue,  Cleveland,  has  taken  into  part- 
nership Otto  A.  Rehburg,  who  entered  !Mr.  Honecker's  employ 
in  1894.  At  that  time  Rehburg  was  a  boy  so  small  he  could 
not  look  over  the  tops  of  the  show  cases.  He  has  remained 
with  the  Quality  drug  store  for  20  years.  The  firm  name  is 
Honecker  &  Rehburg. 

—  The  Misses  Clara  and  Anna  Haase,  daughters  of 
Fr.  Fr.  Haase,  of  New  York,  with  their  mother,  Mrs.  Haase, 
left  for  Havana,  Cuba,  on  the  steamship  "Saratoga."  They  will 
appear  in  grand  opera  at  the  Teatro  PajTiet,  where  their 
season  will  last  several  weeks.  The  Misses  Haase  had  just 
returned  from  an  extended  tour  in  Canada  and  the  \^"est. 

—  Frank  S.  Stone,  for  many  years  a  leading  figure  in  the 
drug  business  at  Fitchburg,  Mass.,  is  the  new  manager  of  the 
corporation  which  has  been  formed  to  operate  the  H.  &  J. 
Brewer  Co.'s  retail  drug  store  at  the  comer  of  Main  and 
Sanford  streets,  Springfield,  Mass.  The  Brewer  store  is  the 
oldest   pharmacy   in   Springfield. 

—  J.  M.  Bickford,  of  Rock  Falls  and  Sterling,  111.,  has 
been  in  the  drug  business  in  the  Twin  Cities  for  35  years, 
the  firm  now  being  incorporated  under  the  name  of  the  Sterling 
Pharmacy.  Mr.  Bickford  is  the  senior  member  and  the  largest 
stockholder.     He  celebrated  the  35th  anniversary  last  month. 

—  Des  Moines  Drug  Co.  Opens  New  Building More 

than  500  invitations  were  accepted  for  tlie  reception  given  by 
thi  Des  Moines  Drug  Co.,  .\pril  10,  when  the  entire  six  floors 
of  the  company's  newly  refitted  building  were  thrown  open. 
An    orchestra    furnished    music,    and    a    collation    was    served. 

—  James  R.  Polkinghorne,  a  former  drug  clerk  in  New 
Orleans,  and  a  graduate  of  Flint  Medical  College,  has  opened 
the  new  Palace  pharmacy  at  509-13  W.  Belmont  street,  Pensa- 
cola,  Fla.  For  the  past  two  years  he  has  been  in  charge  of 
the  prescription  department  of  the  Pensacola  drug  store. 

—  Daniel  M.  O'Brien,  who  has  been  engaged  in  the  drug 
business  in  Rockland,  Mass.,  since  1892,  has  been  nominated 
as  postmaster  in  that  town.  He  is  the  local  representative  of 
a  number  of  newspapers,  a  member  of  a  number  of  fraternal 
organizations,  and  of  the  ^Massachusetts  Ph.A. 

—  George  R.  White,  president  of  the  Potter  Drug  & 
Chemical  Co.,  of  Boston,  continues  to  hold  the  unique  title  of 
Boston's  heaviest  individual  tax-payer.  In  Boston  he  is  as- 
sessed for  $4,633,000,  of  which  all  but  $500,000  is  on  real 
estate,  and  his  city  tax  is  $79,689. 

—  H.  C.  Reck,  manager  of  the  sundries  department  of 
Coffin,  Redington  Co.,  has  been  visiting  factories  in  the  Middle 
West  for  seasonable  sundries  and  novelties,  and  also  visited  the 
sponge  fisheries  in  Florida  in  the  interest  of  his  firm  before 
returning  to  San  Francisco. 

—  "William  S.  Briry,  president  of  the  Boston  Druggists' 
Association,  and  Mrs.  Brirj',  are  receiving  the  sympathy  of 
New  England  druggists  in  the  death  of  their  10-year-old 
daughter,  Josephine,  which  occurred  April  2,  at  their  home  in 
Melrose,  Mass. 

—  E.  A.  Sennewald  and  C.  T.  Buehler  discussed  the 
subject  of  shorter  names  and  s>'non)'ms  for  medicinal  prepara- 
tions at  a  recent  meeting  of  the  St.  Louis  Branch  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  Association  at  the  St.  Louis  College 
of  Pharmacy. 

—  H.  G.  Posey,  after  six  years  on  the  road  for  Lehn  & 
Fink  and  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  has  put  away  his  grips  and 
returned  to  the  management  of  the  prescription  department  of 
the  Max  Samson  drug  store  at  117  Camp  street.  New  Orleans. 

—  Ben  F.  Persons,  of  Macon,  Ga.,  was  banquetted  re- 
cently by  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  (of  which 
he  is  the  newest  member).  Dr.  L.  A.  Pellew  entertained  the 
board   and  local  pharmacists  at  his  home  at  \'ineville. 

—  Thomas  W.  Dalton,  for  a  number  of  yeais  in  the  drug 
business  in  Syracuse,  but  more  recently  in  the  coal  brokerage 
business,  has  taken  possession  of  the  Warren  pharmacy  at 
South   Warren   and   East   Onondaga  streets,   Syracuse. 

—  Dr.  H.  M.  "Whelpley,  president  of  the  Cahokia  Mound 
Association,  on  April  20  delivered  an  illustrated  lecture  on 
the  Cahokia  Group  of  Mounds,  under  auspices  of  the  Archae- 
ological  Institute   of   -•America,   St.   Louis   Society. 

—  Mrs.  W.  "W.  Klore  has  been  chosen  president  of 
Chicago  Chapter,  No.  2.  of  the  W.O.N. .\.R.D.,  the  election 


taking  place  at  the  annual  election  of  that  organization  at  the 
Hotel  La   Salle,   Chicago,   April  14. 

—  'Walter  de  "Veer,  who  has  been  in  New  York  for  several 
weeks  in  the  interests  of  Julius  Grossmann,  the  Hamburg  ex- 
porter and  importer  of  drugs,  sailed  for  Germany  April  9  on 
the  "Kaiserin  -Auguste  A'ictoria." 

—  James  W.  Morrisson,  president  of  Morrisson,  Plum- 
mer  &  Co.,  of  Chicago,  and  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Control 
of  the  N.W.D..\.,  has  been  elected  secretary  of  the  Chicago 
-Association  of  Commerce. 

—  A.  D.  Loar,  for  more  than  30  years  a  druggist  in 
Eloomington,  111.,  but  who  retired  for  a  rest  several  months 
ago,  has  reopened  the  old  Fishbeck  drug  store  at  Main  and 
Grove  streets,  that  city. 

—  'William  L.  Harloe,  registrar  of  the  Brookh-n  College 
of  Pharmacy,  has  returned  to  his  office  in  the  college  building 
after  several  days  spent  at  home  fighting  the  grip. 

—  W.  E.  Roedel,  of  Cheyenne,  Wyo.,  a  former  member  of 
the  Wyoming  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  has  been  vacationizing 
in  Corpus  Christi,  Texas,  and  Palm  Beach,   Fla. 

—  Karl  Fritzsche,  a  member  of  the  essential  oil  house  of 
Schimmel  &  Co.,  of  Germany,  and  of  Fritzsche  Bros.,  New 
York,  was  a  visitor  in  New  Y^ork  recently. 

—  Carl  Meyer,  of  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  St.  Louis,  has 
recovered  the  use  of  his  wrist,  which  was  broken  several  weeks 
ago  when  he  attempted  to  crank  his  auto. 

—  Max  Hoencke,  manager  of  the  sundries  department  of 
the  Houston  Drug  Co.,  of  Houston,  Texas,  left  recently  for 
home  after  a  business  trip  here. 

—  J.  E.  Harper,  manager  of  the  sundries  department  of 
the  San  Antonio  Drug  Co.,  of  San  .\ntonio,  Texas,  was  a 
recent  visitor  in  New  York. 

—  W.  C.  Buschardt,  manager  of  the  sundries  department 
of  the  Southern  Drug  Co.,  of  Houston,  Texas,  has  been  in 
New  York  recently. 

—  C.  F.  Forssell,  manager  of  the  sundries  department  of 
Noyes  Bros.  &  Cutler,  of  St.  Paul,  has  been  in  the  city  on 
his  annual  visit. 

—  Leonard  E.  Durfor,  who  is  connected  with  the  Riker- 
Hegeman  store  in  Worcester,  has  been  married  to  Miss  Marie 
Emily  Sleeper. 

—  John  F.  Mack,  general  manager  of  the  Goodwin  Drug 
Co.,  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  is  engaged  to  marry  Mrs.  Margaret 
Cullen. 

—  D.  E.  Hadden,  of  Alta,  Iowa,  has  been  reappointed  as 
a  member  of  the   State  Board  of  Pharmacy  for  a  third   term. 

—  Earl  P.  Carney  is  the  manager  of  the  new  Riker- 
Hegeman  store  at  North  and  Depot  streets,  Pittsfield,  Mass. 


Recent    Deaths. 

—  Henry  E.  Newland,  37,  a  native  of  Cedar  Rapids,  la., 
aiid  formerly  proprietor  of  the  Newland  drug  store,  is  dead 
after  an  ilhiess  of  two  years'  duration.  His  death  was  due  to 
tuberculosis  following  an  attack  of  double  pneumonia.  He  was 
a  member  of  a  number  of  fraternal  organizations. 

—  Davis  W.  Harry,  a  former  druggist  of  Conshohocken, 
Pa.,  whose  ancestors  once  owned  most  of  the  site  of  the 
present  tow-n,  died  there  recently  at  the  age  of  77  years.  He 
was  an   officer   in  the   John   \\"ood   &  Brothers  Iron   Works. 

—  Mark  P.  Fisher,  37,  a  well-known  commercial  traveler, 
died  in  Westfield,  Mass.,  recently.  He  was  a  native  of  Brat- 
tleboro,  Vt.,  and  went  to  Springfield,  Mas;,.,  three  years  ago 
to  enter  the  employ  of  the  H.  &  J.  Brewer  Drug  Co. 

—  Otto  P.  Traubel,  43,  a  druggist  at  Chouteau  and  Jef- 
ferson avenue,  St.  Louis,  died  of  blood  poisoning  on  April  9. 
He  leaves  a  widow  and  two  children.  He  had  been  in  busi- 
ness in  St.  Louis  for  many  years. 

—  Orlando  Plummer,  68,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Slinne- 
apolis,  who  had  taken  an  active  interest  in  pharmaceutical 
affairs  in  Minnesota  for  the  past  30  years,   is  dead. 

—  Samuel  Berry  Hollis,  69,  a  druggist  for  many  years  in 
the  employ  of  C.  S.  Littell  &  Co.,  wholesale  dealers  in  drugs, 
of  Manhattan,   is  dead  of  pneumonia. 

—  Louis  J.  Barker,  49,  a  pioneer  drug  manufacturer  of 
SjTacuse,  N.  Y.,  died  in  that  city  recently  after  a  brief  illness. 


222 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  1914 


Obituaries 


J.    ELWOOD  LEE. 


JELWOOD  LEE.  president  of  the  Lee  Tire  &  Rubber 
Co..  of  Conshohocken,  Pa.,  and  one  of  the  wealthiest  men 
•  in  Philadelphia,  droppwd  dead  from  heart  disease  on 
April  S,  at  his  home,  "Leeland."  at  Conshohocken.  He  was 
55  years  of  age.     Mr.  1-ee's  life  history  reads  like  romance. 

He  began  business  with  less 
than  $50  capital— $29.85  to 
be  c-tact — about  30  years  ago, 
his  line  being  surgical  dress- 
ings, appliances  and  instru- 
ments. His  business  bent  was 
established  by  going  to  work 
as  a  boy  in  a  similar  line,  but 
he  believed  he  could  do  busi- 
ness as  well  as  the  firm  for 
which  he  worked,  and  so 
started  with  two  weeks'  pay 
in  his  pocket,  making  ban- 
dages and  selling  them  to 
physicians.  He  was  so  suc- 
cessful that  in  time  he  con- 
trolled a  business  which  em- 
ployed 800  persons,  and  the 
plant  covered  several  acres. 
Several  years  ago  the  surgical 
supply  business  became  affili- 
T  ated  with  that  of  Johnson  & 
Johnson,  and  Mr.  Lee  devoted  his  attention  to  the  Lee  Tire 
&:  Rubber  Co.,  makers  of  automobile  tires  and  druggists' 
sundries.  A  large  plant  was  erected  at  Spring  Mill  near 
Conshohocken.  Mr.  Lee  leaves  a  widow,  who  was  Miss  Jennie 
Cleaver,  of  Conshohocken,  and  three  children,  J.  Elwood  l.ee, 
Tr,  Mrs.  .\.  A.  Carthwaite,  of  New  York,  and  Miss  Xina  Lee. 
ilr  Lee  was  a  good  friend  to  his  workmen,  a  liberal  contribu- 
tr  ■  to  charity,  both  public  and  private,  and  was  active  in 
religious  and' educational  affairs.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Philadelphia  Drug  Club,  the  Philadelphia  Drug  Exchange  and 
other  trade  organizations,  and  was  an  enthusiastic  bowler,  his 
team  winning^  the  championship  of  the  Philadelphia  Drug 
Trade  Bowling  League  for  several  seasons.  He  had  been 
president  of  that  organization. 


George   E.    B.    Fairbanks. 

George  E.  B.  Fairbanks,  a  well-known  Rhode  Island  drug- 
gist, and  a  member  of  the  State  Ph..\.,  died  suddenly  April  6, 
at  the  age  of  59.  He  was  a  native  of  Taunton,  Mass.,  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools,  and  entered  the  drug  business 
at  the  age  of  IS.  His  first  employer  1^•as  a  Mr.  Phillips  in 
Charles  street.  Providence,  but  he  started  in  business  for 
himself  at  an  early  age.  After  a  number  of  changes  he  es- 
tablished himself  at  the  comer  of  Hope  and  Wickenden  streets. 
Providence,  and  remained  there  for  about  30  years.  He  was 
both  an  Odd  Fellow  and  a  Mason,  and  the  funeral  was 
according  to  Masonic  rites. 


T.  Elwood  Lee 


Charles  A.  Htrmphrey. 
Charles  .\.  Humphrey,  72.  a  pioneer  drug  salesman  of  In- 
dianapolis, is  dead  of  heart  disease.  He  was  bom  in  1842  at 
Jonesville,  Mich.,  where  as  a  boy  he  entered  the  drug  busmess. 
He  served  in  the  Civil  War  in  a  Michigan  regiment,  afterward 
going  to  Indianapolis,  where  he  became  identified  with  the 
firm°of  Stewart  &  Morgan,  wholesale  druggists.  That  firm 
afterward  became  the  Daniel  Stewart  Company,  for  whom 
Mr.  Humphrev  was  a  traveling  representative  for  more  than 
40  years.  He  married  Miss  Ida  Shipman,  of  Knightstown,  and 
engased  in  the  drug  business  there  and  at  Lewisville  for 
about  10  years.  Afterward  he  went  back  to  his  old  firm  and 
remained 'in  their  employ.  He  was  a  Mason  and  Knight 
Templar,  and  a  member  of  the  Indiana  Travelmg  Men's  .Asso- 
ciation. '  He  leaves  one  son,  Harvey  S.  Humphrey,  and  a 
grandson,   Charles  Humphrey. 

Emerson   Goldthwaite. 

Emerson  Goldthwaite.  of  Brockton,  who  had  one  of  the 
largest  drug  stores  in  Pl>-mouth  countj-,  Mass.,  between  the 
years  1867  and  1888,  died  at  his  home  in  Brockton,  recently, 
aged  76  He  had  been  one  of  the  wealthiest  men  in  that  city. 
He  was  a  native  of  Stou^ton,  graduated  from  Sumner's 
Academv,  served  an  apprenticeship  as  a  drug  clerk,  ard  in 
1867  started  in  business  on  his  own  account.  He  sold  out  m 
1888  to  his  nephew,  Charles  H.  Goldthwaite,  who  still  carries 
it  on,  while  he  went  largely  into  real  estate  and  had  enormous 
holdings,  which  with  the  rapid  development  of  Brockton  as  a 
shoe  manufacturing  center,  increased  greatly  m  value.  He  was 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  Brockton  Agricultural  Society.  He 
was  eminent  in  Masonry.     He  leaves  a  family  of  three. 


Thomas  Gardiner. 
Thomas  Gardiner,  one  of  the  first  druggists  in  ^Minneapolis, 
and  a  resident  for  50  years  at  1012  Hennepin  avenue,  that  city, 
died  recently  after  a  year's  illness.  He  went  to  Minneapolis 
in  1857  from  Fredericton.  X.  B.,  where  he  was  bom  Sept. 
12,  1833.  With  Dr.  W.  E.  Leonard  he  maintained  a  homeo- 
pathic pharmacv-  in  Bridge  Square  for  many  years.  During 
the  Indian  outbreak  in  1S62  Mr.  Gardiner  joined  a  St.  Paul 
company  which  went  to  the  relief  of  Fort  Ridgely.  Mr. 
Gardiner  was  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Atheneum,  a  member 
of  the  Territorial  Pioneers'  Association,  and  a  Mason. 


Fred  Colle. 
Fred  Colle,  59,  a  prominent  business  man  and  druggist  of 
Turners'  Falls,  Mass.,  died  suddenly  .April  6.  For  many  years 
he  conducted  a  drug  store  and  managed  the  Colle  Opera  House 
in  the  building  he  owned,  but  leased  the  playhouse  several 
years  ago  on  account  of  ill-health.  His  early  life  was  spent 
in  Greenfield,  Mass.,  and  his  education  was  completed  in 
Germanv. 


RECENT  DEATHS. 


—  Martin  T.  Meyer,  52,  a  member  of  the  drug  firm  of 
Damtoft  &  Meyer,  of  320  State  street,  Bridgeport,  Conn., 
where  they  have  been  in  business  for  the  past  18  years,  died 
.April  1  of  pneumonia.  He  was  bom  in  Copenhagen,  Denmark, 
was  a  graduate  of  the  university  in  that  city,  and  engaged  in 
the  drug  business  in  Xew  York  City  in  1886.  He  went  to 
Bridgeport  in  1896  and  entered  into  partnership  with  K.  J. 
Damtoft. 

—  ■Vitorio  Gnsmano,  33,  proprietor  of  a  Sicilian  phar- 
macy at  203  Rivard  street,  near  Lafayette  avenue  East,  Detroit, 
was  killed  recently  by  a  "black  hand"  bomb  delivered  through 
the  mails.  Two  other  men  were  badly  injured  by  the  explo- 
sion, and  the  letter-carrier  who  brought  the  deadly  package 
to  the  store  was  blown  through  the  door.  The  store  was 
wrecked. 

—  Earl  Gray  Combs,  37,  assistant  manager  of  the  Riker- 
Hegeman  store  at  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  a  former  bic^'cle  racer,  and 
for  a  number  of  years  connected  with  Riktr-Hegeman  stores 
in  Holyoke  and  Springfield,  Mass^  is  dead  from  valvular 
disease  of  the  heart.  He  was  a  Mason,  an  Elk  and  an  Odd 
Fellow. 

— -Frank  A.  Meriam,  38,  proprietor  of  two  drug  stores 
in  the  Maplewood  section  of  Maiden,  Mass.,  died  recently. 
He  was  a  native  of  Wobum,  Mass.,  and  had  been  in  business 
for  the  past  five  years.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Odd  Fellows, 
Masons.  Red  Men,  Elks  and  P>-thians. 

—  Alder  Morris  Ellis,  formerly  of  Philadelphia,  and  son 
of  the  late  William  EUis,  who  for  many  years  conducted  a 
wholesale  drug  store  at  Eighth  and  Market  streets,  that  city, 
died  recently  after  a  short  illness  at  Providence,  R.  I.,  where 
he  had  been  connected  with  a  wholesale  drug  firm. 

_  T.  H.  Gebauer,  president  of  the  Gebauer  Chemical  Co., 
of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  died  in  a  hospital  recently  of  pneumonia. 
He  was  a  graduate  of  Oberlin  College,  and  of  the  Case  School 
of  Applied  Science,  and  had  made  a  name  as  a  discoverer  and 
manufacturer  of  drugs. 

—  Horace  S.  Bartlett,  67,  for  30  years  known  to  college 
students  as  proprietor  of  the  College  pharmacy.  Harvard 
square,  Cambridge,  died  recently  at  his  home  in  .Allston,  Mass. 
He  worked  for  several  years  in  New  York,  but  in  1874  opened 
his  store  in  Cambridge. 

— .J.  S.  Draper,  74,  for  many  years  in  the  drug  business 
in  Boone,  la.,  is  dead  from  Bright's  disease.  He  was  a  promi- 
nent Mason. 


I\Iay,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


223 


News  from  Associations 


Manufacturing  Perfumers  in  New  York. 


^^W^^ 


A.  M.  Spiehler, 
President-Elect. 


AM.  SPIEHLER,  of  Adolph  Spiehler,  Inc.,  of  Roches- 
ter, N.  Y.,  was  unanimously  elected  president  of  the 
•  Manufacturing  Perfumers'  Association  of  the  United 
States,  at  that  organization's  20th  annual  convention  held  at 
the  "Whitehall  Club,   New   York   City,   April   1,   2   and  3.     The 

other   officers  elected   were : 

First  vice-president,  S.  S. 
West,  of  the  Abner  Royce  Co., 
Cleveland ;  2d  vice-president, 
F.  F.  Ingram,  Frederick  F. 
Ingram  Co.,  Detroit ;  secre- 
tary, Frank  Carpenter,  Lazell, 
Perfumer,  New  York  City; 
treasurer,  A.  B.  Calisher, 
Calisher  &  Co.,  New  York; 
executive  board,  to  fill  out 
unexpired  term  of  Edwin 
Ross,  F.  K.  Woodworth,  C. 
B.  Woodworth's  Sons  Co., 
Rochester;  to  serve  to  1917, 
Frank  B.  Marsh,  the  Theo. 
Ricksecker  Co.,  New  York, 
and  James  E.  Davis,  the 
Michigan  Drug  Co.,  Detroit. 
Wm.  A.  Bradley  was  elected 
to  fill  F.  N.  Carpenter's  un- 
expired term  on  the  executive 
board. 

In  his  address  as  president, 
Wm.  A.  Bradley,  of  this  city,  felicitated  the  members  upon 
the  growth  of  the  association  during  the  past  year  and  asserted 
that  the  broadened  scope  of  the  organization,  brought  about 
at  last  year's  convention,  had  caused  him  to  have  great  hopes 
for  future  success.  He  characterized  the  placing  of  a  duty 
of  20  per  cent,  upon  all  the  raw  materials  of  the  industry, 
most  of  which  were  previously  on  the  free  list,  as  an  un- 
democratic and  un-American  measure,  enacted  in  direct  repu- 
diation of  the  pledge  of  the  Democratic  party.  Mr.  Bradley 
further  asserted  that  this  duty  was  a  heavy  burden  upon  the 
industry.  He  recommended  that  the  thanks  of  the  association 
be  e.xtended  to  Theodore  Ricksecker,  chairman  of  the  legisla- 
tive committee,  for  his  devoted  work  in  opposition  to  the  tariff. 
President  Bradley  asserted  that  the  association  should  in- 
stitute some  means  of  learning  immediately  of  State  and 
National  legislation  inimical  to  the  interests  of  the  members. 
He  recommended  that  the  incoming  legislative  committee  em- 
ploy a  paid  bureau  or  secure  some  service  whereby  the  inter- 
ests of  the  perfumers  would  be  conserved  and  all  copies  of 
bills  affecting  the  industry  would  be  forwarded  immediately 
to  the  association. 

That  the  special  committee  on  weights  and  measures  was 
working  in  harmony  with  the  New  York  State  officials  and 
had  saved  the  members  money  by  preparing  the  uniform 
labels  now  used  by  them,  was  pointed  out  by  Mr.  Bradley. 
The  work  of  the  committee  on  campaign  of  education,  he 
said,  had  almost  resolved  into  the  personal  efforts  of  Theodore 
Ricksecker.  He  recommended  that  the  committee  be  dis- 
continued unless  an  adequate  plan  be  worked  out.  He  also 
recommended  that  the  association  apply  for  membership  in  the 
Merchants'  Association  of  New  York  and  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce  of  the  United  States  of  America.  He  was  glad  to 
see  that  one  of  the  benefits  of  the  association  had  been  the 
stamping  out  of  the  old  custom  of  placing  foreign  labels  on 
American  goods. 

The  report  of  the  resolutions  committee  was  presented  by 
George  F.  Merrell,  of  Chicago.  A  resolution  incorporating 
the  president's  recommendation  anent  news  service  on  all  inimical 
legislation  was  adopted.  The  same  action  was  taken  relative 
to  the  campaign  of  education  committee,  no  reflection  being 
made  upon  its  members.  The  committee  recommended  that 
the  association  should  not  join  the  Merchants'  Association  of 
New  York.  After  considerable  discussion  in  which  Messrs. 
Ingram,  Marsh  and  others  participated,  the  negative  resolution 


of  the  committee  was  adopted.  The  proposition  to  join  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce  was  referred  to  the  E.xecutive  Board 
for  action.  A  similar  disposition  was  made  of  a  proposition 
to  join  the  National  Design  Registration  League.  The  com- 
mittee incorporated  in  its  report  one  of  the  concluding  para- 
graphs of  the  president's  address,  deeming  that  the  sentiment 
expressed  therein  should  be  the  keynote  of  the  association's 
work.     This  paragraph  reads : 

"A  third  benefit,  which  seems  to  me  to  be  of  even  greater 
importance  than  any  other  accomplishment  of  this  association, 
is  the  good  fellowship,  and  in  many  cases  the  warm  friend- 
ship which  the  members  have  for  each  other.  After  all,  this 
is  the  best  thing  in  life,  and  I  know  of  no  trade  organization 
where  its  fulfillment  is  as  completely  exemplified  as  in  this 
body.  The  value  of  this  friendship  as  an  influence  toward 
clean  competition  is  one  that  we  cannot  overestimate.  We 
must  all  play  the  game  hard,  but  let  it  be  on  a  fair  basis  of 
merit  and  honesty,  without  the  tricks  and  jealousies  that  would 
creep  in  were  we  not  bound  together  as  friends." 

The  president's  recommendations  as  included  in  the  com- 
mittee's resolutions  were  adopted  both  seriatim  and  as  a 
whole. 

The  committee  commented  favorably  upon  the  expeditious 
and  economical  publication  of  last  year's  proceedings,  which 
work  was  in  charge  of  Secretary  Henderson.  A  debt  of  grati- 
tude was  due  Treasurer  Calisher  for  his  efficient  work.  A 
handsome  balance  in  the  bank  and  all  dues  paid  were  worthy 
of  pardonable  pride  on  the  part  of  the  members.  The  mem- 
bership committee,  headed  by  S.  I.  Hanson,  deserved  the  asso- 
ciation's  commendation  for   its  efficient   work. 

Relative  to  the  number  of  meetings  of  the  Executive  Board, 
the  committee  asserted  that  this  matter  was  entirely  up  to  the 
members  of  the  board.  They  should  hold  as  many  meetings 
as  they  deemed  necessary.  President  Bradley  explained  that 
he  had  brought  this  subject  up  for  discussion  because  he  was 
a  stickler  for  economy  and  that,  inasmuch  as  the  out-of-town 
n.embership  on  the  board  made  the  meeting  an  item  of  con- 
siderable expense,  he  wished  to  learn  exactly  the  opinion  of 
the  members.  In  behalf  of  the  association  the  committee  by 
resolution  expressed  its  thanks  to  George  Hall,  of  the  United 
Perfume  Company  for  the  preparation  of  his  report  on  Im- 
portations and  Undervaluations,  which  was  not  read  at  the 
convention. 

The  committee  recommended  that  Mr.  Ricksecker's  legis- 
lative report  be  printed  in  full  in  the  proceedings  as  an 
example  of  the  best  fight  to  the  last  ditch  for  a  principle 
the  association  had  ever  conducted.  It  further  recommended 
that  the  legislative  committee  pursue  a  policy  of  watchful 
waiting  for  an  opportunity  to  secure  more  advantageous  con- 
ditions in  the  industry.  Acting  upon  a  recommendation  made 
by  Samuel  Iserman,  chairman  of  the  library  committee,  the 
committee  on  resolutions  in  turn  recommended  that  a  catalogue 
be  published  giving  complete  lists  of  the  books  on  perfumery 
in  the  libraries  of  six  large  cities.  The  resolutions  committee 
recommended  that  each  month  a  bulletin  or  letter  be  pub- 
lished from  the  president's  office.  This  medium  would  serve 
to  keep  the  members  up  to  the  minute  on  all  pending  legislation 
and  would  work  up  more  enthusiasm  among  them. 

The  committee  brought  forward  several  propositions  by 
which  the  present  custom  of  soliciting  associate  members  for 
the  funds  for  entertaining  the  active  members  during  the 
annual  convention  should  be  done  away  with.  It  seems  that 
the  active  members  did  not  pay  for  their  entertainment  at  all, 
and  the  associate  members  paid  even  after  contributing  to 
the  entertainment  fund.  President  Bradley's  motion  that  the 
expense  of  entertainment  be  borne  equally  by  active  and  as- 
sociate members  and  that  the  proposition  be  worked  out  in 
detail  by  the  Executive  Board  was  generally  supported.  Here- 
after the  members  present  will  pay  pro  rata  for  their  enter- 
tainment and  the  associate  members  will  not  be  solicited  be- 
fore the  convention.    The  above  recommendations  were  adopted. 

Upon  the  recommendation  of  Frank  B.  Marsh,  who  stated 
that  the  association  was  not  prepared  to  take  any  stand  rela- 
tive to  H.R.  bill  11,321,  providing  for  the  registration  of 
designs,  this  measure  was  referred  to  the  Executive  Board  for 
action. 

Secretary  A.  D.  Henderson  reported  a  total  of  107  members 
on  the  occasion  of  last  year's  convention.  This  year  there 
were  47  active,  63  associate  and  four  honorary  members. 
During  the  year  five  associate  members  had  resigned. 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[May,  1914 


Treasurer  Calislier  reported  a  healthy  condition  of  the 
treasxm-  due  to  the  economical  administration  of  the  associa- 
tion's officers  and  the  elimination  of  some  of  the  usual  items 
of  expense.  His  report  showed  total  receipts,  $6251;  dis- 
bursements, $22S4;  cash  balance,  $3967;  cash  in  banks,  $3502, 
.$379  and  $3967,  and  total  resources,  $5904. 

Other  interesting  reports  presented  were  those  of  Chairman 
Hanson,  of  the  membership  committee,  showing  10  new  active 
members  and  two  associate;  A.  B.  Calishcr,  chairman  of  the 
ready  relief  fund,  who  pointed  out  the  changes  in  the  form 
of  certificate  made  in  accordance  with  the  insurance  laws  of 
this  State;  F.  F.  Ingram,  committee  on  freight  and  transpor- 
tation, who  advised  members  to  consult  both  parcels  post  and 
express  schedules,  since  the  former  had  caused  many  advan- 
tageous reductions  in  the  latter,  etc. 

Upon  the  recommendation  of  Theodore  Ricksecker,  Thomas 
P.  Dunn,  of  Rochester,  was  elected  an  honor^rj'  member. 

George  Alc.-Vneny,  president  of  the  New  York  Board  of 
Aldermen,  welcomed  the  members  at  their  first  session.  Other 
speakers  during  the  convention  were  O'Brien  Atkinson,  man- 
ager of  the  Credit  Clearing  House  of  New  York;  E.  W. 
Bradford,  president  of  the  Patent  Law  Association  of  America; 
John  Clyde  Oswald,  editor  of  The  American  Printer,  and 
Gilbert  A.  Montague.  At  the  annual  banquet  held  at  the 
Hotel  Biltmore,  Elbert  Hubbard,  the  Rev.  Warren  W.  Giles, 
of  Montclair,  N.  J.,  and  Charles  R.  Lamb,  of  the  Merchants' 
Association,  addressed  the  members.  Other  features  of  tlie 
entertainment  were  a  theater  party  at  the  Winter  Garden, 
followed   by  supper  and  a   dance   at   the  Hotel   Astor. 


N.Y.    BRANCH    HEARS    LEGISLATIVE    RESUME. 


Dr.  Anderson  Reports  on  Action  on  Bills  at  Albany. 
Dr.  Mayer  Reads  a  Very  Interesting  Paper. 

OF  all  the  many  bills  pertaining  to  pharmacy  introduced 
into  the  State  Legislature  at  its  recently-adjourned  session 
only  three  passed  both  houses,  according  to  the  report  of 
Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee, 
at  the  April  meeting  of  the  New  York  branch  of  the  A. Ph. A. 
These  bills,  introduced  by  Messrs.  Walters,  Boylan  and  Fraw- 
ley,  had  not  at  the  time  of  this  meeting  been  signed  by  the 
Governor,  and  it  was  thought  that  the  last-named  would  not 
be  enacted  since  it  is  defective  and  its  author  is  opposed  to  its 
signature.  Forty  or  more  druggists  from  all  over  the  State 
appeared  before  the  Governor  at  a  hearing  on  the  Walters  bill, 
and  only  two  men  opposed  the  measure.  One  representing 
the  Labor  Department  argued  that  the  bill  would  repeal  certain 
provisions  of  the  labor  law.  The  other  opponent  represented 
the  National  Pharmaceutical  Society,  but  was  a  traveling 
salesman  and  not  a  drug  clerk,  which  fact  was  brought  out 
very  forcibly  by  the  questioning  of  the  Labor  Department's 
representative.  Nevertheless,  the  N.P.S.  was  recorded  as 
opposed  to  the  signing  of  the  Walters  bill.  The  Boylan  bill 
passed  the  Senate  in  entirely  rewritten  form  and  has  practically 
received  the  approval  of  the  State  association  legislative  com- 
mittee. Dr.  Anderson  characterized  the  bill  as  "very  satis- 
factory" and  "a  step  forward." 

Louis  Berger  announced  that  Professor  Joseph  P.  Reming- 
ton would  address  the  members  upon  "The  Progress  of  the 
Revision  of  the  U.S. P."  at  the  branch's  joint  physicians'  and 
pharmacists'  meeting  to  be  held  May  18.  A  formal  letter 
announcing  the  meeting  will  be  sent  to  the  various  pharma- 
ceutical and  medical  associations  and  journals.  John  Roemer, 
of  White  Plains,  elaborated  upon  the  recent  joint  propaganda 
meeting  held  under  the  auspices  of  the  Westchester  County 
Pharmaceutical  Association.  This  meeting  had  been  unusually 
successful  both  in  the  point  of  attendance  and  in  the  fact  that 
the  physicians'  side  of  the  question  was  very  forcibly  presented. 

Dr.  Joseph  L.  Mayer  presented  an  interesting  paper  upon 
"The  Standardization  of  Volumetric  Acid  and  Alkali  Solu- 
tions," in  the  course  of  which  he  pointed  out  that  the  U.S. P. 
A'lII  recognizes  but  one  substance  for  the  standardization  of 
volumetric  acid  and  alkali  solutions,  this  substance  being 
potassium  bitartrate.  The  bitartrate,  after  purification,  is,  of 
course,  employed  to  standardize  the  alkali,  %vhich  then  serves 
to  standardize  the  acid.  This  method  is  accurate,  but  com- 
plaints are  constantly  made  because  of  the  time  and  trouble 
involved  in  properly  preparing  the  bitartrate.  In  fact,  many 
students  and  pharmacists  are  inclined  to  employ  some  other 
method.      To   determine    the    relative    accuracy    of    other    com- 


monly used  methods  as  compared  with  the  U.S. P.  method. 
Dr.  Mayer  undertook  the  work  which  formed  the  basis  for  his 
paper. 

He  employed  the  bitartrate  method,  following  the  directions 
on  page  532  of  the  U.S. P.  VIII  for  the  purification  of  the 
salt  and  the  method  for  standardizing  V.S.  KOH  on  page  552. 
Sulphuric  acid,  V.S.,  was  standardized  by  measuring  25  cc. 
into  a  100  cc.  Erlenmeyer  flask  and  titrating  in  boiling  solu- 
tion with  the  KOH  solution,  employing  phcnolphthalein  as  an 
nidicator.  The  factor  for  the  sulphuric  acid  V.S.  was  1.0391. 
The  other  methods  employed  by  the  speaker  were  the 
ammonium  sulphate,  sodium  carbonate,  oxalic  acid,  silver 
chloride  and  barium  sulphate.  The  first  of  these  he  carried 
out  by  accurately  weighing  two  small  beakers,  adding  to  each 
25  cc.  of  the  sulphuric  acid  V.S.  and  an  excess  of  redistilled 
ammonia  water,  evaporating  to  dryness  on  a  water  bath  and 
then  heating  in  an  air  oven  at  110°C.  for  periods  of  20 
minutes.  When  the  weight  became  constant  the  ammonium 
sulphate  was  calculated  to  sulphuric  acid.  To  avoid  con- 
tamination witli  silica,  at  the  time  of  making  the  test,  strong 
ammonia  was  placed  in  a  test  tube  and  the  gas  distilled  into 
distilled  water.  The  factor  for  sulphuric  acid  V.S.  was  1.0385. 
The  sodium  carbonate  method  was  carried  out  by  employing 
Merck's  Reagent  anhydrous  sodium  carbonate,  heating  in  a 
platinum  dish  a  few  minutes  and  quickly  transferring  to  a 
stoppered  weighing  bottle.  After  cooling.  Dr.  Mayer  weighed 
off  a  portion  for  analysis,  dissolving  it  in  water  and  titrating 
against  the  V.S.  sulphuric  acid,  using  methyl  orange  as  an 
indicator.  The  factor  for  the  V.S.  sulphuric  acid  was  1.0409. 
To  carry  out  the  oxalic  acid  method,  Dr.  Mayer  weighed 
off  portions  of  Merck's  Reagent  oxalic  acid  crystals  and  after 
dissolving  in  water,  titrated  against  KOH  solution  using  phe- 
nolphthalein  indicator.  The  KOH  solution  was  then  employed 
to  standardize  the  acid,  using  25  cc.  of  the  latter,  titrating  in 
hot  solution,  and  employing  phcnolphthalein  indicator.  Factor 
for  sulphuric  acid  V.S.  was  1.0398. 

The  silver  chloride  method  was  carried  out  by  taking  25  cc. 
of  hydrochloric  acid  V.S.,  about  200  cc.  distilled  water,  adding 
an  excess  of  one  drop  of  silver  nitrate  solution,  heating  to 
boiling,  allowing  to  stand  until  granular  and  after  filtering  out 
washing  on  a  Gooch  crucible. 

After  drying  on  a  hot  plate  the  granules  were  weighed  and 
the  quantity  of  hydrochloric  acid  in  the  solution  was  calculated 
from  the  weight  of  the  silver  chloride.  The  V.S.  hydrochloric 
acid  was  then  run  against  the  KOH  solution,  titrating  in  hot 
solution.  The  KOH  was  also  run  against  the  V.S.  sulphuric 
acid  in  hot  solution,  phcnolphthalein  being  the  indicator  em- 
ployed.    Factor  was  found  to  be  1.0367. 

In  carrying  out  the  barium  sulphate  method.  Dr.  Mayer 
precipitated  barium  sulphate  in  25  cc.  quantities  of  the  V.S. 
sulphuric  acid ;  the  barium  chloride  solution  which  was  boiling 
being  added  from  a  pipette  drop  by  drop  to  the  boiling  sul- 
phuric acid  solution   which  had  been  diluted  with   water. 

The  material  was  allowed  to  stand  on  a  hot  plate  until  the 
solution  became  clear.  It  was  then  filtered  through  Gooch 
crucibles,  and  after  washing,  drj'ing  and  heating,  was  weighed 
as  barium  sulphate.  From  this  the  quantity  of  sulphuric  acid 
was  calculated.  The  sulphuric  acid  V.S.  factor  was  1.0440. 
Dr.  Mayer  stated  that  all  his  determinations  were  run  in 
duplicate  and  yielded  very  close  checks.  He  presented  a  table 
which  showed  at  a  glance  the  results  obtained  by  the  various 
methods.     This  table  was  as  follows: 

Potassium   bitartrate   method    (U.S. P.   VIII)    factor  1,0391 
Ammonium   sulphate         "  "  "         1.0385 

Sodium    carbonate  "  "  "         1.0409 

Oxalic  acid  "  "  "         1.0398 

Silver    chloride  "  "  "         1.0367 

Barium  sulphate  "  "  "         1.0440 


6)6.2390 


1.03983 
With  the  exception  of  the  barium  sulphate  figure  the  results 
agree  closely.  Dr.  Mayer  included  this  figure  in  making  up 
the  average  despite  the  fact  that  it  is  a  trifle  high.  Numerous 
determinations  made  on  sulphuric  acid  solutions,  he  said, 
always  yielded  a  higher  result  by  this  method  than  by  others. 
The  sulphuric  acid  was  originally  standardized  on  June  4, 
1912,  and  the  factor  which  was  the  average  of  all  the  methods 
was  1.0388. 


May,  1914] 


THE    PHARIMACEUTICAL    ERA 


225 


Considerable  fungus  growth  was  present  in  the  solution  at 
the  time  the  work  detailed  in  Dr.  Mayer's  paper  was  begun 
and  carried  out,  this  being  on  Nov.  12,  1913,  and  the  factor, 
which  was  the  average  of  all  the  methods,  was  as  above  noted, 
1.039S,  the  difference  between  the  two  figures  after  about  17 
months  being  (1.0398—1.0388)  0.001,  which  proved  that  the 
age  of  the  solution  and  the  fungus  growth  had  not  affected  it. 

In  conclusion,  Dr.  Mayer  observed  that,  as  pointed  out  by 
Clark,  a  volumetric  solution  whose  factor  has  not  changed 
more  than  four  points  in  the  third  decimal  place  in  titrating 
25  cc.  of  one  solution  against  25  cc.  of  another  is  regarded  as 
not  having  changed  its  strength.  The  results  indicate  that  any 
of  the  above  methods  may  be  used  with  perfect  safety  for  the 
standardization  of  volumetic  acid  and  alkali  solutions.  Dr. 
Mayer's  personal  preference  being  for  the  ammonium  sulphate, 
sodium   carbonate   and   potassium   bitartrate   methods. 

The  speaker  took  occasion  to  acknowledge  his  indebtedness 
to  his  assistant.  Dr.  I.  Schwartz,  for  his  work  in  carrying  out 
some  of  the  duplicate  determinations. 

Among  those  who  discussed  Dr.  Mayer's  paper  were  John 
Roemer,  Dr.  M.  R.  Schmidt,  Otto  Raubenheimer,  Dr.  Frederic 
E.  Niece  and  others. 

Dr.  Geo.  C.  Diekman,  reporting  on  the  progress  of  pharmacy, 
gave  the  results  of  some  investigations  of  specialties  in  Ger- 
many. Salicol,  claimed  to  be  acetyl-salicylic  acid  with  citro- 
salicylic  acid,  proved  to  be  only  an  impure  form  of  the  first- 
named  compound.  Codeine  tablets  were  uneven  in  size  and 
weight,  and  contained  about  30  per  cent,  of  the  claimed 
strength.  An  eye  water,  for  which  ridiculous  claims  were 
made,  showed  itself  on  analysis  to  be  merely  a  weak  solution 
of  zinc  sulphate  and  sodium  chloride.  Schumacher's  "Cell 
Regenerator"  was  simply  a  very  pure  milk  sugar,  without 
medicating  substances.  An  examination  of  various  digitalis 
preparations  showed  great  variations  in  strength,  the  figures 
generally  running  quite  low.  In  a  discussion  of  the  sale  of 
patent  medicines  in  other  countries.  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein 
stated  that  only  180  such  were  allowed  to  be  sold  in  Russia. 


168  MEMBERS  ENEOLLED   OVER   15   YEARS. 


G.A.S.    Statistics  Are    Compiled   by   Recorder   George 
Leinecker — Hy.   Diedel   Oldest  Member  Honored. 

HEREAFTER  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society's  official 
organ,  the  Apotheker-Zeitung,  will  publish  the  year  of 
election  after  each  name  in  the  monthly  membership  list. 
This  was  decided  upon  at  the  society's  April  meeting,  called 
to  order  by  President  Dr.  C.  F.  Klippert.  The  work  of  com- 
piling these  dates  has  been  completed  by  Recorder  George 
Leinecker  who  was  obliged  to  search  through  the  minutes  of 
the  past  35  years.  Mr.  Leinecker  reported  that  at  least  one 
previous  secretary  had  entered  his  minutes  on  letter  heads 
and  that  some  of  the  minutes  were  missing.  Carl  F.  Schleuss- 
ner  was  the  first  secretary  to  introduce  a  system  into  the 
secretary's  work. 

From  the  statistics  gathered  by  Mr.  Leinecker,  the  following 
are  of  particular  interest: 

Out  of  a  membership  of  350  the  society  has  eight  honorary 
and  20  associate  members.  The  oldest  member  is  Henry 
Diedel,  who  has  belonged  to  the  society  for  more  than  50 
years.  Herman  Sellheim  joined  more  than  46  years  ago. 
Thirteen  members  have  belonged  more  than  40  years,  24  more 
than  30  years,  37  more  than  25  years  and  168,  or  more  than 
50  per  cent.,  have  been  members  for  more  than  15  years.  As 
to  residence  of  members,  217  live  in  either  Manhattan  or 
Bronx  boroughs,  77  live  in  Brooklyn,  nine  in  Long  Island, 
outside  of  Brooklyn;  three  in  Staten  Island  and  the  balance 
reside  in  various  cities  or  towns. 

Mr.  Leinecker  was  honored  with  a  special  vote  of  thanks. 
Mr.  Schleussner  proposed  that  Henry  Diedel  be  notified  that 
he  is  now  entitled  to  life  membership  without  further  payment 
of  dues.     The  motion  received  unanimous  support. 

Mr.  Leinecker,  as  recorder,  also  reported  that  Dr.  Frederick 
Crosse  had  requested  to  be  supplied  with  documents  of  the 
society  for  exhibition  at  the  Leipsic  Exposition  to  be  held 
next  year.  Mr.  Leinecker  arranged  for  exhibition  the  follow- 
ing list: 

(1)  Manual  of  the  New  York  Pharmaceutical  Society,  1858; 
(2)  Constitution  of  the  N.Y.D.A.V.,  1864;  (3)  Historical 
Sketches  of  the  N.Y.D.A.V.  after  13  Years  of  Age,  1865; 
(4)  History  of  the  N.Y.D.A.V.,  compiled  by  Secretary  Rup- 


recht  upon  the  occasion  of  tlie  society's  25th  anniversary, 
1876;  (5)  Copy  of  the  history  and  constitution  of  the  society 
when  it  was  in  its  41st  year,  1892;  (6)  Catalogue  of  library 
of  the  society,  1900;  (7)  Constitution,  1901;  (8)  History  of 
the  society  compiled  by  Gustave  Ramsperger,  one  of  the 
founders,  on  occasion  of  50th  anniversary,  1901;  (9)  Bier- 
Zeitung,  the  programme  of  arrangements,  60th  anniversary, 
1911;  (10)  Programme  of  the  kommers  arranged  in  honor  of 
the  Thursday  Bowling  Club  after  winning  a  piano  in  a  popu- 
larity contest  held   by  a  German  daily  paper,   1912. 

The  above  documents  will  also  be  exhibited  at  Uie  1915 
exposition  at  San   Francisco. 

S.  V.  B.  Swann,  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee,  re- 
ported that  16  or  more  bills  pertaining  to  pharmacy  introduced 
in  the  State  Legislature  had  been  killed.  He  recommended 
that  the  Frawley  bill  be  supported  and  a  resolution  introduced 
by  George  T.  Riefflin  that  350  members  of  the  society  favor 
this  measure,  but  oppose  tire  Boylan  bill,  was  adopted.  Mr. 
Swann  also  reported  the  recent  Special  Sessions  decision  plac- 
ing pharmacists  under  tlie  pharmacy  act  and  not  the  labor  law. 

Robert  S.  Lehman  reported  that  applications  are  being  re- 
ceived continually  from  persons  signifying  their  intention  to- 
participate  in  the  society's  European  trip.  He  said  that  the 
outlook  for  the  trip  was  very  favorable.  Otto  P.  Gilbeit, 
chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee,  again  called  attention 
to  the  date,  June  18,  of  the  society's  annual  outing  at  Witzel's 
Pavilion,  College  Point,  L.  I. 

Fred  Schaefer,  chairman  of  the  propaganda  committee  to 
increase  membership  in  the  mortuary  fund,  reported  progress 
and  requested  those  present  to  join  this  feature  of  the  society's 
activities.  At  the  conclusion  of  his  remarks,  five  members 
were  enrolled.  The  committee,  consisting  of  Mr.  Schaefer, 
Paul  F.  Gebicke,  custodian  of  the  fund,  and  August  Diehl, 
will  call  on  each  member  personally  and  request  the  latter  to 
join. 

Otto  Raubenheimer,  chairman  of  the  scientific  committee, 
announced  that  in  the  near  future  Prof.  H.  V.  Arny,  F.  F.  A. 
Haase  and  Prof.  Curt  P.  Wimmer  would  present  interesting 
papers.  Mr.  Raubenheimer  delivered  a  lecture  at  this  meeting 
on  the  discovery  of  morphine.  President  Dr,  Klippert  observed 
that  the  discovery  of  morphine  was  a  triumph  for  German 
pharmacy. 

Martin  Heldt,  1272  Boston  road,  was  elected  a  member. 
C.  E.  Trautmann,  Jersey  City  Heights,  was  proposed  for 
membership. 

A  kommers  will  be  held  after  the  May  7  meeting,  during 
the  first  part  of  which  Otto  P.  Gilbert  will  preside  and  during 
the  second  part,  the  "Fidelitas,"  Paul  F.  Roenne  will  be  in 
charge. 


KINGS  CO.  PH.S.  COMMENDS  DRUGGISTS'  HOME. 


Dr.    Anderson    Asserts    Stevens    Bill    "Will    Prevent 
Giving  Away  of  Coupons,  Etc. — Routine  Reports. 

THE  sum  of  $25  was  donated  to  the  Druggists'  National 
Home  by  the  members  of  the  Kings  County  Pharmaceu- 
tical Society,  who  unanimously  adopted  a  motion  proposed 
to  that  effect  by  Thomas  J.  France  at  their  April  meeting, 
held  at  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy.  Upon  the  sug- 
gestion of  Jacob  Rehfuss,  the  treasurer  was  instructed  to  make 
the  society's  check  payable  to  Thomas  Lamb,  the  Home's 
Brooklyn  representative.  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  C.  O.  Douden 
and  others  spoke  highly  of  the  institution  and  commended  the 
society  for  giving  its  support.  The  resolution  was  adopted 
following  the  announcement  by  Mr.  France  of  the  bazaar, 
entertainment  and  ball  of  the  Retail  Druggists'  Protective 
Association,  held  at  Saengerbund  Hall,  for  the  benefit  of  the 
Home. 

Dr.  Anderson  presented  an  interesting  report  on  the  action 
taken  on  bills  relating  to  pharmacy  at  the  recent  session  of 
the  State  Legislature.  All  of  these  are  treated  elsewhere  in 
this  issue.  As  to  National  legislation,  he  stated  that  the 
Bacon-Hughes  army  pharmacists  bill  had  not  been  advanced 
during  the  past  month.  He  outlined  the  proposed  amend- 
ments in  the  Harrison  bill,  which  are  presented  elsewhere. 
The  Stevens  bill,  he  said,  will  prevent  the  giving  away  of 
coupons  and  presents. 

Treasurer  Adrian  Paradis  reported  a  balance  on  hand  of 
$326.73.  T.  J.  France,  chairman  of  committee  on  supervision, 
reported  that  the  college  examinations  would  occur  April  25 


226 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[Mat,  1914 


to  May  5.  Otto  Raubenheimer,  committee  on  affairs  per- 
taining to  pharmacy,  announced  that  Dr.  Joseph  Mayer  would 
address  the  society  at  the  May  meeting.  The  secretary  was 
instructed  to  invite  Samuel  F.  Brothers,  corresponding  secre- 
tary of  the  American  Medico-Pharmaceutical  League,  to  attend 
the  May  meeting  and  on  that  occasion  to  explain  the  purposes 
of  his  organization.  T.  J.  France  reminded  the  members  that 
the  day  of  meeting  was  the  49th  anniversary  of  tlie  assassination 
of  Abraham  Lincoln.  Charles  \'.  Lewis  spoke  at  considerable 
length  upon  the  standard  of  ethics  of  a  particular  physicians' 
supply  house  which  had  recently  opened  a  drug  store.  A 
committee  was  appointed  to  investigate  the  matter. 


DRUG    TRADE    SECTION    FAVORS   LEGISLATION. 


Instructs  Legislative  Committee  to  Draft  a  Bichloride 
Measure  for  Introductioa  in  Congress. 

THAT  it  introduce  into  Congress  its  own  bichloride  bill, 
was  the  gist  of  a  resolution  unanimously  adopted  at  the 
.\pril  meeting  of  the  Drug  Trade  Section  of  the  New 
York  Board  of  Trade  and  Transportation.  The  legislative 
committee,  upon  the  suggestion  of  Dr.  Henry  C.  Lovis,  was 
instructed  to  draft  a  bill  which  would  safeguard  the  public 
against  the  mistaken  use  of  bichloride  of  mercury  and  at  the 
same  time  not  make  it  difticult  for  the  trade  to  comply  with. 
Dr.  Lovis  considered  it  essential  that  the  section  should  put 
forward  an  adequate  measure  on  this  subject  before  Congress 
should  pass  some  one  of  the  several  objectionable  bills  now 
before  it.  Dr.  Lovis  had  in  mind  a  bill  containing  provisions 
similar  to  those  proposed  for  adoption  by  the  local  Board  of 
Health. 

Dr.  Lovis  also  outlined  several  amendments  to  the  Harrison 
bill  proposed  by  the  National  Drug  Trades  Conference.  By 
resolution,  the  section  endorsed  the  Conference's  action.  The 
amendments  include  the  elimination  of  the  provision  for  the 
sale  of  hypodermic  syringes  and  the  elimination  of  the  word 
"pharmacist"  where  it  might  be  construed  to  exclude  a  retail 
pharmacist. 

Secretary  William  F.  McConnell  presented  a  report  upon 
the  recent  session  of  the  State  Legislature.  Fifteen  bills  of 
interest  to  the  members  had  been  introduced,  the  most  im- 
portant of  these  being  the  Nelson  and  Boylan  bills.  The 
Duhamel-Nelson  "pure  food  commission"  bill  was  not  re- 
ported out  of  committee.  The  Boylan-Kerrigan  bill  was 
written  upon  the  day  of  adjournment  and  was  passed.  It  will 
probably  be  signed  by  the  Governor.  The  Blauvelt  bichloride 
measure  was  defeated  by  vote  upon  the  floor  of  the  Senate. 
The  Frawley  bill  is  now  in  the  hands  of  the  Governor.  Other 
bills  which  either  failed  to  pass  or  were  killed  in  committee 
were  those  introduced  by  Messrs.  Ramsperger,  Carswell, 
Aheam,  Suffem  and  Griffin. 


A.PH.A.    AT    DETROIT. 


The  annual  convention  of  the  A.Ph.A.  at  Detroit  on  Aug. 
24-29  promises  to  be  one  of  the  most  successful  ever  held, 
particularly  from  the  point  of  view  of  systematized  work  and 
recreation.  There  will  be  little  "lost  motion,"  and  as  little 
conflict  in  interests  as  is  possible  with  an  organization  with 
so  many  sections  and  so  many  affiliations.  The  entertainment 
programme,  while  not  all  mapped  out,  is  sufficiently  defined  to 
warrant  the  statement  that  it  will  be  one  of  "the  best  ever" — 
since  Detroit  is  exceptionally  favored  with  natural  advantages, 
in  addition  to  being  a  center  of  many  important  industries. 
When  it  is  also  realized  that  "live  wire"  committees,  backed  by 
ample  funds,  are  in  charge  of  the  local  arrangements,  the  mem- 
bership of  the  A.Ph.A.  will  have  no  reason  to  fear  an  un- 
eventful visit  to  Detroit   for  convention  week. 


Scientific  Section,  A.Ph.A. 
Chairman  Edsel  A.  Ruddiman,  of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  who  is 
directing  the  affairs  of  the  Scientific  Section,  A.Ph.A.,  is 
soliciting  papers  for  presentation  at  the  meetings  of  the  section 
at  the  A. Ph.. A.,  annual  meeting  at  Detroit  in  August.  The 
officers  of  the  section  wish  to  have  as  many  of  the  papers 
discussed  as  the  time  will  permit,  and  to  prepare  properly 
for  discussion  the  papers  should  be  in  the  hands  of  the 
chairman  as  early  as  possible,  and  not  later  than  a  month 
before  the  meeting. 


City    of    Washing-ton    Branch,    A.Ph.A. 

The  March  meeting  of  the  City  of  Washington  Branch  of 
the  .\merican  Pharmaceutical  Association  was  held  at  the 
National  College  of  Pharmacy  and  called  to  order  by  the 
president,  W.  S.  Richardson.  The  first  subject  was  "Price 
Standardization,"  by  J.  Leyden  White.  Mr.  White  graphically 
described  conditions  in  pharmacy  today  and  traced  the  origin 
of  cut  prices  to  monopoly.  He  presented  House  Bill  13305, 
a  bill  "to  prevent  discrimination  in  prices  and  to  provide  for 
publicity  of  prices  to  dealers  and  to  the  public."  The  history 
of  this  bill,  as  well  as  the  origin  of  the  Fair  Play  League,  was 
related,  and  also  the  "ins"  and  "outs"  of  price  protection. 
While  the  reception  of  this  bill  before  noted  has  not  been 
over-cordial  in  Congress,  Mr.  White  stated  that  a  number  of 
those  who  had  radically  opposed  it  at  the  outset  had  been  won 
over,  without  the  loss  of  any  of  the  original  supporters.  After 
hearing  his  address,  the  branch  tendered  Mr.  W'hite  a  vote  of 
thanks. 

Martin  I.  Wilbert  tlien  read  a  paper  on  "Russian  Oils" 
(which  is  printed  elsewhere),  wherein  he  gave  a  complete 
history  of  their  origin,  use  in  medicine,  their  preparation,  and 
alleged  medicinal  virtues.  He  further  invited  attention  to  the 
fact  that  the  average  retailer  can  purchase  these  oils  at  80 
cents  a  gallon  and  bottle  them  himself  and  have  a  product 
superior  to  that  for  which  he  is  paying  40  to  60  cents  a  pint 
under  fancy  names. 

In  the  absence  of  S.  L.  Hilton,  who  has  made  extended 
observations  of  these  Russian  oils  recently.  Dr.  H.  E.  Kalu- 
sowski  read  his  paper,  which  covered  his  experiments  with  all 
the  leading  brands  of  oils  on  the  market.  Samples  were 
exhibited  and  their  merits  reported.  In  addition,  Mr.  Hilton 
has  made  many  experiments  to  produce  a  wholly  satisfactory 
aromatic  oil.  Samples  of  these,  30  or  more  in  number,  were 
exhibited  and  passed  among  the  members  for  inspection.  The 
samples  flavored  with  cardamom,  natural  wintergreen  and  the 
combined  oils  used  in  aromatic  elixir  and  compound  spirit  of 
-orange  attracted  much  favorable  comment.  Following  a  full 
discussion  of  the  matters  which  had  been  brought  before  the 
branch  by  the  address  made  and  the  papers  read,  the  branch 
adjourned. 


Maine  Ph.A. 
The  47th  annual  meeting  of  the  Maine  Ph.A.  will  be  held 
at  the  Bangor  House  on  June  30,  July  1,  2.  A  feature  of  the 
sessions  will  be  the  presentation  of  prize  papers  upon  a  wide 
variety  of  topics.  The  transportation  committee  is  made  up 
of  M.  L.  Porter,  Danforth;  S.  R.  Crabtree,  Island  Falls,  and 
F.  H.  Neal,  Fairfield.  The  committee  in  charge  of  the  enter- 
tainment consists  of  Chas.  H.  Davis,  Bangor;  C.  M.  Brown, 
Bangor;  W.  C.  Mutty,  Oldtown;  C.  E.  Walmsley,  Bangor, 
and  Fred  E.  Miller,  Bangor.  Walter  M.  Chase,  5  Hammond 
street,    Bangor,    is   the   chairman   of   the   committee   on   papers. 


N.Y.S.P.A.,  as  Usual,  Must  Change  Place  of  Meeting. 

True  to  precedent,  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical 
.Association  will  be  obliged  this  year  to  change  its  place  of 
meeting.  The  Sagamore  Hotel,  located  at  Bolton  and  one  of 
the  largest  on  Lake  George,  was  recently  destroyed  by  fire  at 
an  approximate  loss  of  $250,000.  It  is  the  general  impression 
in  Bolton  that  the  fire  was  of  an  incendiary  origin.  The  hotel 
was  the  property  of  the  Green  Island  Improvement  Co.  and 
was  insured  for  $150,000.  The  association  miy  meet  at 
Otsego   Lake. 


West    Virginia   Ph.A. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  West  Virginia  Pharmaceutical 
Association  will  be  held  at  Loch  Lynn  Hotel,  Mountain  Lake 
Park,  Maryland,  June  23-25.  A  large  attendance  is  looked 
for,  and  it  is  hoped  that  Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington,  of  the 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  will  be  present.  The 
travelers'  auxiliary  is  planning  one  of  the  best  entertainments 
yet  presented  at  an  annual  convention. 


Women's  Ph.A.   of  the  Pacific  Coast. 

The  monthly  meeting  of  the  Women's  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation of  the  Pacific  Coast  was  held  in  the  Assembly  Hall, 
Pacific  Building,  San  Francisco,  March  27.  Mrs.  R.  E.  White, 
the  president,  was  in  the  chair.  Difficulties  in  spreading 
asa'etida  plasters:  syrup  of  hypophosphite  and  syrup  of  hypo- 
phosphites  comp.;  acetic  acid  in  eye  drops;  London  purple,  and 


Mat,  1914] 


THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


227 


taka-diastase  were  discussed  during  the  roll  call.  Mrs.  WTiite 
had  a  very  carefully  prepared  paper  on  various  methods  of 
preparing  cold  cream  and  samples  of  U.S. P.,  G.P.  and  B.P. 
cold  creams,  iliss  Roehr  read  a  paper  prepared  by  Mrs. 
Rees  on  "Ventilation  in  Drug  Stores."  The  discussion  of  the 
evening  was  on  the  Proposed  Recipe  Book  of  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  and  this  was  opened  by  Dr. 
Winslow,  followed  by  Mrs.  White,  Mrs.  Kane  and  Miss  Roehr. 


ST.   LOtriS  DRUG  CLTJB   IN   NEW   QUARTERS. 


The  St.  Louis  Drug  Club  has  taken  a  big  room  in  the 
Southern  Hotel  for  quarters  and  will  have  advantage  of  the 
many  conveniences  to  be  offered  by  the  hotel  when  it  is  re- 
opened on  ilay  1.  The  club  has  a  successful  growth  to  date 
but  now  it  promises  soon  to  reach  the  full  growth  for  such  an 
organization  in  the  big  field  afforded  by  St.  Louis  drug  business. 

The  new  location  will  put  the  club  in  the  heart  of  the 
jobbing  district  not  only  for  drugs,  but  for  drug  specialties 
and  accessories,  within  a  few  blocks  of  all  other  downtown 
hotels,  near  the  leading  theaters — in  fact,  right  in  the  center 
of  downtown  business  and  social  activities. 

Plans  are  to  take  advantage  of  all  the  opportvmities  afforded 
by  making  the  club  headquarters  for  retailers,  wholesalers, 
manufacturers  and  traveling  men  and  other  visitors  to  the 
cit}-.  Telephones  will  be  installed  for  the  use  of  all  visitors 
and  members,  card  indexes  will  be  provided  for  persons  having 
use  for  them  in  looking  up  business,  a  secretary'  will  be  present 
to  look  after  the  wants  of  visitors,  and  everj-  effort  will  be 
made  to  make  the  club  ser\'iceable  in  business  as  well  as  in 
a  social  way.  One  of  the  features  will  be  a  sample  room  for 
traveling  men. 

Being  in  the  hotel,  the  club  members  will  be  able  to  get  their 
meals  under  the  same  roof,  get  a  shave,  a  turk :sh  bath,  write 
letters,  make  a  speech  in  the  convention  halls  or  spin  a  yam 
in  the  lobby.  Evervthing  demanded,  even  to  a  shine,  will  be 
handy. 

The  big  men  of  the  St.  Louis  drug  world  are  taking  hold 
and  it  is  e-xpected  that  members  of  the  St.L.R.D..\.,  which 
met  at  the  Southern  for  years,  will  make  the  club  a  gathering 
place  when  they  run  downtown  for  business  or  a  social  hour. 

In  pushing  the  club  one  of  the  most  active  members  is 
Jerome  A.  Wilkerson,  the  club  secretary  until  the  recent  elec- 
tion. This  position  is  held  only  a  year  by  each  secretarj',  and 
O.  J.  Cloughly,  the  hustling  e.\-president  of  the  St.L.R.D.A., 
is  now  recording  secretary-,  with  L.  Tolle,  assistant  secretary. 
Henry  L  Hudson  is  the  new  president  and  Joseph  Horn  1st 
vice-president.  George  Scheu  is  treasurer.  The  trustees  named 
are  Frank  Singleton,  E.  W.  Rose,  Martin  Scherer  and  William 
Cory. 


Illinois  Pharmaceutical   Travelers'  Association. 

The  Knights  of  the  Grip  who  call  on  the  pill-rollers  through- 
out Illinois,  held  their  annual  banquet  April  4,  at  the  Hotel 
Sherman,  Chicago.  In  the  afternoon  the  travelers  met  for 
a  business  session.  President  Burhans  and  Secretary-Treasurer 
Herbert  E.  Cornish  inaugurated  this  idea  of  holding  a  business 
meeting  on  the  day  of  the  annual  banquet  to  discuss  matters  . 
pertaining  to  the  welfare  of  the  association.  The  committee 
appointed  by  the  president  lor  the  revision  of  the  constitution, 
consisting  of  Messrs.  Keim,  Dudley  and  Stevenson,  submitted 
an  entire  new  set  of  laws  and  rules  for  discussion.  A  number 
of  changes  were  adopted.  AM  of  the  officers  present  submitted 
reports  on  the  progress  which  is  being  made  in  the  plans  for 
the  convention  of  the  Illinois  Ph. A.  at  Fox  Lake  in  June. 

.\t  the  banquet  in  the  evening  A.  C.  Kennedy,  representing 
the  down-State  members,  acted  as  toastmaster.  Ralph  Dorland, 
president  of  the  Illinois  Ph.A.,  made  a  brilliant  address  com- 
plimenting the  Travelers  on  the  progress  their  association  was 
making,  and  expressed  the  hope  that  the  retail  druggists  of  the 
State  would  soon  awaken  to  the  fact  that  a  concentrated  effort 
of  co-operation  among  them  was  necessarj-  to  build  up  and 
make  the  Illinois  Ph..\.  what  it  should  be,  the  most  powerful 
State  association  of  the  retail  druggists  in  the  countrv-.  M.  L. 
Burhans,  the  president  of  the  Travelers,  spoke  on  the  progress 
made  by  the  Travelers  during  the  past  year.  Thomas  Potts, 
in  his  usual  jovial  manner,  addressed  the  association  on 
'Fratemalism."  ilr.  Cornish  outlined  the  plans  being  made 
to  entertain  the  druggists  of  the  State  during  the  "week  end 
at  Fo.x  Lake"  and  called  upon  ever>'  jobber,  manufacturer  and 


traveling  man  to  boost  the  coming  convention.  J.  M.  Schwalbe, 
diairman  of  the  entertainment  committee,  proved  a  very  able 
master  of  ceremony.  Brother  Dudley,  one  of  the  pioneer 
workers  among  the  traveling  men,  brought  good  news  from  the 
down-State  boys.  Hugh  Craig,  editor  of  the  NAJ(.J).  Journal, 
greeted  the  travelers  on  behalf  of  the  press.  Among  the  other 
speakers  were  Prof.  W.  B.  Day  and  Messrs.  Lahl,  Matheson, 
Schwalbe  and  Hobart. 


For  A.Ph.A.  Home  in  Philadelphia. 
At  a  meeting  of  the  e--cecutive  committee  of  the  Philadelphia 
Branch  of  the  -American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  held 
recently,  it  was  decided  to  ask  every  pharmaceutical  interest 
in  Philadelphia  to  co-operate  in  the  work  of  securing  a  pro- 
posed home  for  the  association.  The  general  plan  provides 
for  the  erection  of  a  fireproof  building,  large  enough  for  the 
editorial  and  secretar)-'s  offices,  with  a  library,  a  suitable  place 
for  keeping  the  association's  valuable  records  and  an  experi- 
mental laboratory.  The  executive  committee  decided  that  it 
would  assvune  the  attitude  that  if  the  association  at  large 
considers  Philadelphia  as  the  best  location  for  such  a  building, 
then  the  assurance  can  be  secured  of  the  iinited  co-operation 
on  the  part  of  the  city's  large  pharmaceutical  interests.  The 
medical  interests,  too,  will  probably  be  asked  to  join  in  this 
movement. 


Massachusetts    Ph.A. 
-■At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts Ph..\.  it  was  decided  to  hold  the  33d  annual  meeting 
of    the    association    at    the    New    Ocean    House,    Swampscott, 
Mass.,  on  Tuesday,  Wednesday  and  Thursday,  June  16-18. 


Northwestern  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 
The  .\pril  meeting  of  the  Northwestern  branch  of  the  Amer'i- 
can  Pharmaceutical  Association  was  held  immediately  after  a 
special  meeting  of  the  Minnesota  State  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation at  the  Nicolett  Hotel,  Minneapolis,  on  April  15.  The 
following  papers  were  presented :  "The  Preparation  of  Am- 
poules in  the  Pharmacy,"  F.  A.  U.  Smith;  "Some  Recent 
Problems  of  the  Pharmacist,"  W.  A.  Frost;  "Spices:  Official 
and  L'nofficial  Varieties,"  JI.  H.  Haynes;  "Some  Tests  on  the 
Ethereal  Tincture  of  Digitalis,"  F.  A.  U.  Smith,  and  "Should 
Students  in  Pharmacy  Take  Military  Drills,"  Dean  F.  J. 
Wulling.     The  meeting  was  preceded  by  a  dinner. 


Pittsburgh    Branch,    A.Ph.A. 

The  -\pril  meeting  of  the  Pittsburgh  Branch,  A.Ph.A.,  was 
held  at  the  Pittsburgh  College  of  Pharmacy  on  April  17,  with 
the  following  programme: 

"Lantern  Slides  of  Medicinal  Plants,"  by  Dr.  L.  K.  Bar- 
baker. 

"-Activities  of  Enzymes  and  Bacteria,"  by  Dr.  J.  H.  Wurdack. 

.\  discussion  of  Heroin  Sales  in  their  legal  and  moral  as- 
pects was  a  feature  of  the  evening. 


Wilmington  Auxiliary  Holds  Session. 
The  women  of  the  Woman's  .Auxiliarj-  Retail  Druggists' 
Association  of  Wilmington,  Del.,  recently  met  at  the  home 
of  Mrs.  J.  O.  Bosley,  in  that  city.  Following  the  business 
session  the  members  enjoyed  a  social  hour.  Refreshments 
were  served  by  the  hostess.  The  ne.xt  meeting  will  be  held 
at  the  home  of  Miss  Nora  Brendle,  Eighth  and  West  streets, 
Wilmington,  Del. 


Boston  Druggists'  Association. 
The  quarterly  meeting  of  the  Boston  Druggists'  Association 
was  held  at  Young's  Hotel.  IMarch  31,  with  75  members  pres- 
ent, and  with  President  William  S.  Briry  presiding.  The 
guests  included  Dr.  Milton  W.  Franklin,  Sidney  B.  Paine 
and  Dr.  Paul  H.  Provandie.  The  after-dinner  exercises  in- 
cluded addresses  by  Mr.  Paine  on  "Ventilation  and  Ozone," 
and  by  Dr.  Provandie  on  "Preventive  Medicine." 

A.W.P.A. 

The  April  meeting  of  the  American  Woman's  Pharmaceu- 
tical Association  was  held  in  the  alumni  room  of  the  New 
York  College  of  Pharmacy  on  April  13.  Dr.  Schroeder,  of 
the  New  York  Board  of  Health,  was  the  guest  of  the  evening, 
and  gave  a  verj-  interesting  talk  on  "Milk,"  which  was  much 
appreciated.     Refreshments  were  ser\ed. 


228 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


[:SI\Y,  1914 


AMERICAN    CHEMICAL    SOCIETY    MEETS. 


Cincinnati  Meeting  Swelled  by  A. Ph. A.  Members  and 
by  Ohio  Valley  D.A.  Delegates. 

CIN'CIXNATI,  April  10.— With  fully  ISOO  chemists  pres- 
ent, the  sessions  of  the  49th  Spring  meeting  of  the 
American  Chemical  Society  came  to  a  close  today.  More 
than  150  papers  were  read  before  the  various  sections,  the 
chairmen  of  which  follow:  Biological  Chemistry,  Dr.  Carl  L. 
Alsberg,  head  of  the  U.S.  Bureau  of  Chemistry;  Fertilizer 
Chemistr>-,  J.  E.  Breckenridge;  Pharmaceutical  Chemistry, 
E.  R.  Eldred;  Industrial  Chemistry,  Geo.  P.  Adamson;  India 
Rubber  Chemistrj-,  D.  A.  Cutler;  Physical  and  Inorganic 
Chemistry,  Floyd  W.  Robinson;  Water,  Sewage  and  Sanitation, 
Edward  Barton, 

President  Theodore  W.  Richards,  of  Harvard  University, 
called  the  meeting  to  order,  and  the  delegates  were  welcomed 
by  Mayor  Spiegel,  of  Cincinnati.  Professor  Charles  Dabney, 
of  the  University  of  Cincinnati,  in  the  buildings  of  which 
institution  the  meetings  were  held,  responded.  Other  important 
addresses  were  by  Prof.  Arthur  T.  Day,  of  the  Geophysical 
Laboratory  at  Washington,  on  "The  Chemical  Problems  of  an 
Active  Volcano";  Prof.  Wilder  D.  Bancroft,  of  Cornell,  on 
"Flame  Reactions,"  and  Irving  Langmuir,  of  the  General 
Electric  Company's  laboratory,  on  "Chemical  Reactions  at 
Low  Pressure."  The  mornings  of  April  8  and  9  were  given 
over  to  the  reading  of  papers,  while  the  afternoons  were  de- 
voted to  visits  to  the  Globe  Soap  Works,  the  filtration  plant 
of  the  Cincinnati  water  works,  the  Procter  S:  Gamble  plant, 
the  Xational  Cash  Register  Company  at  Dayton,  and  the 
American  Rolling  Mills  Company  at  iliddletown. 

Prior  to  the  regular  sessions  the  executive  board  met  at 
the  Sinton  Hotel,  and  selected  New  Orleans  as  the  ne.xt  meet- 
ing-place. It  was  also  decided  to  meet  with  the  American 
Association  for  the  Ad\-ancement  of  Science  at  New  York,  in 
1917,  and  in  Chicago,  1921,  instead  of  the  following  year. 

One  of  the  most  noteworthy  features  of  the  convention  was 
an  address  by  Dr.  Edward  Gudeman,  before  one  of  the  sections, 
in  the  course  of  which  the  speaker  startled  his  audience  by 
affirming  that  sulphurous  acid  fumes,  if  inhaled,  will  cure 
tuberculosis  in  its  early  stages.  The  gas  was  stated  to  have 
the  property  of  penetrating  intercellular  tissues.  The  treat- 
ment is  not  patented,  may  be  used  by  anyone,  and  Dr.  Gude- 
man reported  that  he  had  successfully  applied  it  to  several  of 
his  own  patients.  Cincinnati  physicians  were  not  inclined 
to  attach  much  attention  to  the  announcement. 


Aroma  Club  Now  Full  Blown. 
The  .\roma  Club,  an  organization  of  perfumers  and  toilet 
goods  manufacturers  in  New  York  City  and  vicinity,  has  built 
up  a  membership  of  180  in  three  months.  To  W,  G.  Ungerer, 
of  New  York,  is  due  the  chief  credit  for  the  inception  of  the 
club,  which  holds  weekly  luncheon-meetings,  which  are  entirely 
informal  and  for  the  purpose  of  furthering  the  already  friendly 
feeling  which  exists  among  the  trade.  At  the  meeting  held  on 
February  4,  the  following  officers  were  elected :  President, 
W.  E.  Swindell,  of  Swindell  Bros.,  Baltimore,  Md. ;  vice- 
president,  L.  E.  K.  White,  of  A.  P.  Babcock  Co,  New  York 
City;  treasurer,  A  B.  Calisher,  of  Calisher  &  Co.,  New  York 
City,  and  secretary,  Louis  Spencer  Levy,  editor  of  the  Ameri- 
can Perfumer. 


Boston    Chapter,    W.O.N.A.E.D. 

"Charity  E.xperience,"  was  the  subject  of  a  very  interesting 
and  informing  address  which  was  given  April  16  at  the  Hotel 
Vendome  before  the  members  of  Boston  Chapter  1,  W.O.N. 
A.R.D,,  at  their  regular  April  meeting,  by  Mrs.  M.  R.  Martin. 

During  the  social  hour  tea  was  served  by  Mrs.  W.  R. 
Acheson,  Mrs.  G.  A.  Wilson,  Mrs.  Florence  L.  Berry  and 
Mrs.  J.  G.  Kilbum,  assisted  by  Mrs.  Fred  A.  Hubbard  and 
Miss  Sallie  LaPierre. 

Plans  are  now  under  way  for  the  annual  luncheon  which 
will  be  held  May  8,  followed  by  the  annual  meeting  and  the 
election  of  officers. 


tion  meeting"  over  Uie  defeat  of  the  bill  introduced  in  the  last 
Legislature  which  sought  to  give  persons  graduating  from 
medical  colleges  prior  to  July  1,  1905,  the  right  to  practice 
pliarmacy  without  taking  an  examination.  The  reports  of 
ofticers  showed  the  organization  to  be  in  a  prosperous  condi- 
tion. The  officers  were  re-elected  as  follows:  President,  John 
J.  Sciberz;  vice-president,  W.  H.  Fisher;  treasurer,  William 
N'ottler;  secretary,  Robert  J.   Frick. 

The  March  meeting  of  Boston  Chapter,  W.O.N. A.R.D. 
was  held  at  the  Hotel  Vendome  and  the  members  heard  a  most 
instructive  address  on  "Juvenile  Delinquency,"  by  Edwin  Mul- 
ready.  State  Commissioner  of  Probation.  Songs  were  sung  by 
Miss  Elsa  Lindell,  with  Miss  Teeling  as  accompanist.  Miss- 
Sallie  LaPierre  was  in  charge  of  the  tea  room,  and  the  pourers 
were  Mrs.  Charles  -A.  Stover,  Mrs.  J.  F.  Finneran,  Mrs.  John 
W  Lowe  and  Mrs.  William  R.  Acheson  They  were  assisted 
by  Mrs.  Leopold  Bartel  and  Mrs.  Elie  H.  LaPierre. 

At  the  annual  meeting  and  election  of  the  Savannah  (Ga.) 
Retail  Druggists'  .Association,  W.  D.  Jones  wa'S  elected  presi- 
dent to  succeed  H.  C.  Shuptrine.  Other  officers  elected  were: 
Vice-president,  W.  T.  Knight;  secretary,  R.  A.  Anderson; 
treasurer,  H.  H.  Livingston.  The  board  of  control  is  made 
up   of  these  officers:   I.   A.   Solomons  and   W.   A.  Pigman. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Rock  County  (Wis.)  drug- 
gists' organization  the  following  officers  were  elected :  President, 
J.  P.  Baker,  of  Janesville;  secretary-treasurer,  J.  M.  Farns- 
worth,  Beloit.  The  meeting  adjourned  till  Oct.  2,  1914,  when 
important  business  will  come  before  the  association. 

The  Madison  (Wis.)  R.D.A.  has  elected  the  following 
officers:  President,  Alfred  E.  Kundert;  vice-president,  W.  M. 
Atwood ;  secretary,  A.  J.  Helstrom ;  treasurer,  Adolph  H. 
Glenz.  The  retiring  officers  were:  A.  W.  Krehl,  president; 
-A.  E.  Krueger,  secretary;  B.  B.  CoUyer,  treasurer. 

The  second  boat  excursion  under  the  auspices  of  the  New 
Orleans  Drug  Clerks'  Club  was  given  aboard  the  steamer 
"Sidney,"  April  17,  the  boat  leaving  at  8:15  and  returning 
about  midnight.  Arnold  Troxler  was  chairman  of  the  outing 
committee. 

The  Ladies'  Auxiliary  of  the  St.  Paul  R.D.A.  entertained 
about  500  at  the  Ryan  Hotel,  April  1.  The  hostesses  were 
Mrs.  L.  J.  Aberwald  and  Mrs.  W.  E.  Burke. 

The  druggists  of  Biddeford,  Me.,  have  voted  a  new  schedule 
of  hours  for  Sunday,  the  stores  being  open  from  8  till  10:30' 
a.m.  and  from  5   to  8  p.m. 

The  Ohio  Ph. .A.  w-ill  hold  its  annual  session  at  Cedar  Point, 
Ohio,    July   7-10   inclusive. 


Newspaper   Theraj^y — Up  to   the   Minute. 
The   following   clipping   relating   a   most   unusual   occurrence 
and    the    first    instance,    no   doubt,    on   record,    where    a    serum 
treatment    was   attempted   to   counteract   poisoning    by   a   vege- 
table drug,  appeared  recently  in  the  Kansas  City  Star: 
"Fights    for    Life    Against    Poison." 
"Serum    made    from    the   poisonous   jequirity    beans, 
one  of  which  Samuel  D.  Workin,  a  New  York  School 
of  Pharmacy  senior,  chewed  and  swallowed  Thursday, 
is  being  injected  by  his  physicians  in  an  effort  to  save 
the    student's    life.      The    serum    was    prepared    by    a 
wholesale    drug   house   that   manufactures   an   essence 
from  the  bean  for  diseases  of  the  eye." 
The  K.C.  Drug  Club  inquired  into  the  matter  and  received 
the   following  report   from   the   secretary   of   the   N.Y.    College 
of  Pharmacy: 

Albert  N.  Doerschx'k, 

President  K.C.  Drug  Club,  Kansas   City,   Mo. 
Dear  Sir: — In  reply  to  your  letter  of  March  25,   I 
have  to  say  that  the  statement  made  in  the  clipping 
herewith    is    entirely   without    foundation.      No   serum 
was  administered  to  the  young  man  whatever. 
Very  truly  yours, 

W.   Simpson,   Secretary. 


AMONG  THE  ASSOCIATIONS. 


The  annual  meeting  of  the  Louisville  R.D..\.  was  a  "jubila- 


Canary  Bird  Food. 

Dried  yolk  of  egg 2  parts 

Poppyheads,    powdered    coarsely 1  part 

Cuttlefish  bone,  coarsely  powdered 1  part 

Granulated  sugar    2  parts 

Wheat  biscuit,  dried  and  powdered 8  parts 

Mix. 


JIay,  1914] 


THE   PHARJMACEUTICAL   ERA 


229 


Schools  and  Colleges 


ALBERT    PLATJT    ESTABLISHES   FELLOWSHIP. 


At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  New 
York  College  of  Pharmacy,  it  was  announced  that  Vice- 
President  Albert  Plaut  had  founded  a  Fellowship  in  memory 
of  his  father,  the  late  Isaac  Plaut.  The  terms  of  this  Fellow- 
ship are  as  follows : 

"For  the  encouragement  of  graduate  study  and  original  re- 
search, this  Fellowship  has  been  founded  by  Albert  Plaut,  in 
memorj"  of  his  father,  Isaac  Plaut. 

"It  consists  of  the  payment  annually  of  the  sum  of  $S00, 
to  provide  for  a  year  of  study  at  a  foreign  school  or  university, 
by  that  Bachelor  of  Science  in  Pharmacy  of  this  College,  who 
shall  have  shown,  during  his  course  of  study  here,  the  greatest 
taste  and  aptitude  for  original  investigation,  among  the  mem- 
bers of  his  class.  Should  no  member  of  a  class  be  deemed 
worthy  of  the  award,  it  will  be  withheld,  and  the  money 
retained  for  this  or  other  cause  shall  be  used  for  the  formation 
ol  a  fund,  the  income  of  which  shall  be  annually  added  to  the 
Fellowship  payment  for  the  respective  year. 

"The  Fellow  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Council  of  the 
University  upon  the  nomination  of  the  Trustees  of  the  College 
of  Pharmacy.  He  shall  attend  a  foreign  institution  to  be 
selected  by  himself  and  approved  by  the  Faculty  of  the  College 
of  Pharmacy  and  shall  pursue  a  course  of  study  approved  by 
the  Faculty.  At  the  close  of  his  incumbency,  he  shall  present 
t     the  Faculty  a  written  report  of  his  work. 

"The  Fellowship  payment  shall  be  made  in  three  equal  in- 
stalments: one  on  June  15,  one  on  November  1,  and  one 
March  1,  provided  that  the  Fellow  continues  faithfully  to 
pursue  the  work  undertaken.  In  case  of  failure  so  to  do, 
he  shall  forfeit  all  further  privileges  and  emoluments 
conferred  upon  him  by  his  appointment  to  the  Fellowship,  and 
the  Trustees  of  the  College  of  Pharmacy  may  declare  the 
Fellowship  vacant.  The  terms  of  the  Fellowship  will  become 
effective  in  June,  1915." 


New   York   College   of  Pharmacy. 

The  84th  annual  commencement  of  the  New  York  College 
of  Pharmacy  will  take  place  Thursday,  May  14,  at  Carnegie 
Hall.  This  year,  Nicholas  Murray  Butler,  president  of  Colum- 
bia University,  will  make  the  address  to  the  graduating  class. 
The  commencement  of  Columbia  University  will  be  held  on 
June  3. 

The  Phi  Chi  Fraternity  held  a  dinner  at  Healy's  on  March 
31,  at  which  Dr.  H.  H.  Rusby  was  the  chief  guest  of  the 
evening  and  Dr.  Fred  Leslie  acted  as  toastmaster.  The 
Kappa  Psi  dinner  on  .\pril  2  was  held  at  the  Chemists'  Club, 
and  among  other  guests  was  Prof.  Charles  F.  Chandler.  Mr. 
Jeannot  Hostmann,  of  the  Department  of  Chemistry,  acted 
as  toastmaster.  Prof.  Chandler  told  the  boys  of  the  old  days 
■of  the  College  of  Pharmacy.  He  has  been  a  teacher  for  over 
50  years  and  directly  connected  with  this  institution  for  47 
years. 

The  SSth  session,  which  begins  next  September,  promises,  in 
point  of  attendance,  to  surpass  even  the  present  large  class. 
Matriculation  has  commenced  and  already  over  60  seats  have 
been  assigned  to  members  of  the  class  of  1916. 

The  student  activities  at  the  college,  under  the  leadership 
of  Leo  Roon,  of  the  Department  of  Pharmacy,  promise  suc- 
cessful results.  On  Junior  Night  the  entertainment  will  con- 
sist mostly  of  music  rendered  by  the  College  Orchestra  and  the 
Mandolin   and   Glee   Clubs. 


BROOKLYN  ALUMNI   HOLD  ANNUAL   BANQUET. 


J.  H.  Rehfuss  Tells  Graduates  Fight  on  Ridiculously 
Drawn  Narcotic   Bills   Must   Not   Be   Relaxed. 

JACOB  H.  REHFUSS,  president  of  the  New  York  State 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  made  some  interesting  post- 
prandial observations  on  legislation  and  "apathy  in  the 
drug  trade''  on  the  occasion  of  the  recent  annual  banquet  of 
the  .'\lumni  .Association  of  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy. 
Mr.  Rehfuss  Ssserted  that  because  the  druggists  had  killed  a 
few   ridiculouslv   drawn   anti-narcotic   bills   this   session   of   the 


Legislatiure  there  was  no  reason  why  they  should  relax  their 
vigilance.  The  anti-narcotic  societies  are  out  for  records  and 
employ  paid  secretaries  who  must  "make  good."  "These  people 
are  devoting  their  entire  time  to  anti-narcotic  legislation." 
The  papers  frequently  quote  the  anti-narcotic  people  to  the 
effect  that  the  druggists  wire  their  representatives  in  the 
Legislature  to  "kill  all  narcotic  legislation."  "This  is  not 
true.  Druggists  favor  anti-narcotic  legislation,  rightly  drawn. 
What  they  do  object  to  is  this  kind  of  legislation  ridiculously 
drawn  up.     The  anti-narcotic  people  are  all  right  in  principle." 

Mr.  Rehfuss  discussed  the  Frawley  bill  to  some  length.  He 
stated  emphatically  that  druggists  should  take  more  interest  in 
politics.  "One  or  two  good  druggists  in  each  house  could  do 
a  world  of  good."  And  again,  on  the  general  subject  of 
narcotics,  "Next  year  the  narcotic  fight  will  be  worse  than 
this  year.  Prepare  now."  Mr.  Rehfuss  outlined  a  plan  by 
which  a  sub-committee  should  be  appointed,  the  membership  in 
the  same  to  consist  of  one  man  from  each  district.  These 
district  representatives  should  be  supplied  with  pamphlets 
presenting  all  the  points  on  all  pending  bills,  and  they  should 
keep  in  touch  with  their  Assemblymen  and  Senators. 

Mr.  Rehfuss  concluded  by  asserting  that  he  had  heard  much 
of  "apathy  in  the  drug  trade,"  but  he  had  found  that  drug- 
gists would  work  when  the  leader  was  "on  the  job."  "Big 
men  all  over  the  State  got  right  'on  the  job'  whenever  they 
were  wired  to  get  after  their  representatives  to  oppose  or 
advance  legislation." 

Among  the  speakers  were  Dr.  Stewart  L.  Walsh,  Ex-.\s- 
semblyman  George  W.  Wilson  and  Ex-Senator  Dr.  George  W. 
Brush,  Dr.  H.  J.  J.  Kassebaum,  Charles  V.  Lewis  and  others. 


Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  quarterly  meeting  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Phar- 
macy was  held  in  the  College  Library  March  30.  The  annual 
reports  of  the  president  and  the  various  committees  were  read. 
The  election  resulted  as  follows:  President,  Howard  B. 
French;  1st  vice-president,  R.  V.  Mattison,  M.D.;  2d  vice- 
president,  Joseph  L.  Lemberger;  treasurer,  Richard  M.  Shoe- 
maker; corresponding  secretary,  A.  W.  Miller,  M.D.;  recording 
secretary,  C.  A.  Weideman,  M.D.;  curator,  Joseph  W.  Eng- 
land; editor,  Henry  Kraemer;  librarian,  Katharine  E.  Nagle; 
trustees,  Joseph  P.  Remington,  C.  Stanley  French,  George  B. 
Evans;  publication  committee,  Samuel  P.  Sadtler,  Henry 
Kraemer,  Joseph  W.  England,  Joseph  P.  Remington,  Martin 
I.  Wilbert,  Charles  H.  La  Wall,  John  K.  Thum ;  committee  on 
pharmaceutical  meetings,  Henry  Kraemer,  Joseph  P.  Reming- 
ton, C.  B.  Lowe,  M.D.,  George  B.  Weideman,  Elmer  H. 
Hessler.  Of  the  reports,  that  of  the  president  was  particularly 
interesting,  portions  of  which  are  appended : 

"The  college  buildings  at  the  present  time  are  in  good  con- 
dition. The  walls  and  ceiling  of  the  library  have  been  painted, 
the  floor  covered  with  a  cork  carpet,  and  new  chairs  provided. 
The  walls  of  the  back  stairway  have  been  coated  with  a  light 
colored  paint  which  has  proven  of  advantage  in  brightening  up 
this  portion  of  the  building.  .Alterations  were  made  in  the 
third  floor  microscopical  laboratory,  giving  greater  facilities 
for  the  revised  and  expanded  course  in  bacteriology,  which  is 
now  an  obligatory  course.  Changes  have  also  been  made  in 
.Alumni   Hall   for   the   benefit   of   classes   in   microscopy. 

"Following  the  approval  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  a  peti- 
tion signed  by  a  number  of  students,  asking  that  a  lunch  room 
be  established,  a  lunch  counter  was  started  a  few  weeks  ago 
and   is  being  continued  with   increasing  success. 

"The  total  number  of  students  in  attendance  at  the  college 
at  this  time  is  434,  an  increase  of  14  over  last  year.  Of  those 
seeking  admittance  to  the  college  at  the  beginning  of  the  Fall 
term,  29  applicants  were  not  able  to  furnish  satisfactory  en- 
trance credentials.  These  w-ere  given  the  privilege  of  remaining 
at  the  college  and  repeating  the  first  year  work  during  1914-15, 
in  the  meantime  being  expected  to  qualify.  Of  these,  only 
four  are  attending  at  the  present  time  and  under  the  circum- 
stances are  not  listed  as  students.  In  the  department  of 
analytical  chemistry,  76  students  are  doing  special  work. 
Twenty-five  students  are  taking  the  special  laboratory  course 
in  bacteriology;  of  this  number,  seven  are  specials  and  18 
regulars.  Fourteen  of  the  special  chemistry  students  are 
availing  themselves  of  the  special  course  in  microscopy.  The 
work  in  the  departrhent  of  pharmacy  has  been  successfully 
carried  on.  The  recording  of  attendance,  as  now  required 
by  the  State  Pharmaceutical  Board,  has  been  of  considerable 


230 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[May,  1914 


value,  and  resulted  in  a  higher  grade  of  scholarship  being 
attained  by  the  classes.  The  course  in  commercial  training, 
under  the  control  of  the  department  of  pharmacy,  and  for 
which  students  are  not  charged,  has  been  greatly  increased ; 
the  number  of  hours  devoted  to  this  branch  having  been 
doubled  since  last  year.  The  department  of  botany  and  phar- 
macognosy has  developed  a  special  course  in  microscopy  for 
the  special  chemistry  students,  broadening  their  knowledge  as 
analysts  for  the  detection  of  adulteration  and  deterioration  in 
drugs  and  foods.  It  is  of  interest  to  note  the  increasing 
demand  among  agricultural  experiment  stations  and  Govern- 
ment laboratories  for  pharmacognocists ;  and  as  microscopical 
courses  are  not  as  a  rule  included  with  chemical  courses  given 
in  this  country,  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  in  the 
establishment  of  such  a  course,  will  undoubtedly  be  enabled  to 
prepare  students  of  chemistry  for  a  broader  knowledge  and 
a  deeper  understanding  of  the  intricacies  of  the  work  they  have 
elected,  thus  extending  the  educational  prestige  of  the  college. 

"The  college  has  received  in  the  past  year  from  Mrs.  Anna 
Shinn  Maier,  daughter  of  your  late  treasurer,  James  T.  Shinn, 
a  sum  sufficient  to  convert  the  Shinn  Memorial  into  a  scholar- 
ship. The  Pennsylvania  Scholarship  Fund  of  $2500  is  nearing 
completion,  $2200  of  which  has  been  collected. 

"Your  president  wishes  to  call  attention  to  the  fact  that  on 
the  21st  of  March,  1921,  the  college  will  have  attained  the 
100th  anniversary  of  its  existence.  This  is  but  seven  years 
away,  and  your  president  desires  to  urge  all  members  to  collect 
and  place  in  possession  of  the  college  any  historical  matters 
obtainable." 

On  March  26  the  senior  class  of  the  Philadelphia  College 
of  Pharmacy  were  the  guests  of  the  Smith,  Kline  &  French 
Co.  at  the  firm's  laboratory.  The  class,  divided  into  squads, 
inspected  every  department,  those  in  charge  taking  pleasure  in 
explaining  processes  and  answering  questions.  .After  the  in- 
spection the  firm  ser\'ed  luncheon  which  was  enjoyed  by  all. 
The  luncheon  over,  Harry  B.  French  addressed  the  class, 
reminding  the  prospective  drug-store  proprietors  that  whole- 
salers gave  more  than  mere  credit,  that  confidence  was  placed 
in  the  buyer  and  the  wholesaler  expects  that  obligations  be 
met.  He  then  introduced  Professor  Remington,  remarking 
that  this  was  the  professor's  67th  birthday,  at  which  moment 
two  waiters  approached  with  an  immense  cake,  placing  it  before 
the  dean,  who  acknowledged  the  honor  in  his  usual  jovial 
style.  Professor  La  Wall,  who  was  in  the  company's  employ 
for  a  number  of  years,  spoke  in  a  reminiscent  vein.  Professor 
Lowe  paid  a  tribute  to  the  memory  of  Mahlon  N.  Kline,  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  firm.  Class  President  Wheeler  responded 
for  the  class,  which  wound  up  the  occasion  with  the  college 
yell.     The  occasion  was  a  most  profitable  and  enjoyable  one. 

Prof.  Herbert  W.  Hess,  of  the  Wharton  School,  University 
of  Pennsylvania,  delivered  a  special  lecture  at  the  college 
April  6  on  "A  Diagnosis  of  Some  Drug  Store  Ills  and  a 
Suggested  Prescription."  He  said  that  a  drug-store  was  a 
wonderful  institution,  that  it  served  the  young  and  old,  the 
living  and  the  dying,  both  day  and  night.  In  order  that  a 
druggist  may  be  successful  he  must  have  a  firm  belief  in  the 
things  he  sells  and  the  general  appearance  of  his  store  must 
be  suggestive  of  health.  After  a  brief  resume  of  "things  we 
sell"  he  explained  the  professional  and  commercial  phases  of 
pharmacy,  emphasizing  that  there  was  a  difference  between 
publicity  for  public  benefit  and  advertising  for  selfish  gain. 
By  several  practical  illustrations,  Professor  Hess  differentiated 
sharply  between  advertising  and  salesmanship.  In  order  that 
any  article  or  proposition  may  be  salable  it  must  possess  or 
excite  three  things,  namely:  utility,  environment  and  emotion. 
In  concluding,  he  gave  a  few  practical  rules  to  follow,  the 
most  important  one  being  that  a  druggist  above  all  other  pro- 
fessional men  must  be  happy  because  he  works. 


a  history  of  the  college.  Arrangements  for  the  annual  banquet 
were  discussed.  It  was  decided  to  hold  the  banquet  as  usual 
on  the  evening  of  commencement  day  and  to  leave  the  selection 
of  a  place  with  a  committee  appointed  by  the  president.  This 
committee  later  decided  upon  the  Congress  Hotel.  The  election 
resulted  as  follows:  President,  George  P.  Mills,  '84;  1st  vice- 
president,  A.  H.  Clark,  '04;  2d  vice-president,  Herman  Fry, 
'S7;  3d  vice-president.  Rose  P.  Schmid,  '10;  secretary-treasurer, 
B.  L.  Ficher,  '11;  historian,   Charlotte  E.  Stimson,  '00. 

The  54th  annual  commencement  of  the  University  of  Illinois 
School  of  Pharmacy  was  held  at  Howard's  Theater  April  22. 
Prof.  John  Uri  Lloyd  addressed  the  graduating  class.  Presi- 
dent Edmund  J.  James,  of  the  University  of  Illinois,  con- 
ferred the  degrees.  George  E.  Canham  made  the  valedictory 
address  for  the  class.  The  Becker  prize  for  scholarship  in 
pharmacy  and  the  microscope  offered  by  Herman  Fry  for 
scholarship  in  materia  medica  and  botany  was  presented.  The 
graduating  class  numbered  about  40. 

The  Alumni  .Association  held  its  32d  annual  banquet  on 
Wednesday  evening,  April  22,  at  the  Congress  Hotel. 


TTniversity  of  Illinois  School  of  Pharmacy. 
The  Alumni  .Association  of  the  University  of  Illinois  School 
of  Pharmacy  (Chicago  College  of  Pharmacy)  held  its  annual 
meeting  and  election  of  officers  recently.  The  treasurer's 
report  showed  that  the  finances  of  the  association  are  in  good 
condition,  there  being  $498.08  on  hand  in  the  general  fund 
and  $583.04  in  the  Alumni  Ebert  fund,  which  is  intended  for 
a  scholarship  or  other  suitable  memorial  of  the  late  .Albert 
E.  Ebert.  The  report  of  the  historian.  Miss  Charlotte  E. 
Stimson,  was  presented  and  it  was  suggested  that  the  executive 
committee  consider  some  action  looking  to  the  publication  of 


College  of  Pharmacy,  State  University  of  Iowa. 

The  Mortar  and  Pestle  Society  held  two  very  profitable 
meetings  recently.  At  the  first  meeting  B.  B.  Hunter,  'IS, 
read  a  paper  on  "Prescription  Bottles,"  and  W.  E.  Palmer, 
'14,  one  on  "Druggists'  Profits."  Following  the  programme 
ice  cream  and  cake  were  served  and  everybody  enjoyed  a 
social  hour.  .At  the  second  meeting  Prof.  R.  A.  Kuever  read 
a  most  interesting  and  instructive  paper  on  the  subject  of 
Pharmacopoeias,  in  whidi  he  compared  the  German  with  that 
of  the  United  States. 

Easter  vacation  began  April  8  at  10  p.m.  and  continued 
until   .April   15,   when   all   classes  began  again  at   8   a.m. 

J.  E.  Booge,  Ph.G.,  '09;  Ph.C,  '10,  for  several  years  past 
an  instructor  in  chemistry,  was  recently  elected  to  Sigma  Xi, 
the  honorary  scientific  society. 

The  sixth  annual  university  dinner  was  given  under  the 
auspices  of  the  Iowa  Union  and  of  the  Women's  League. 
The  toast  programme  was  an  excellent  one.  Prof.  T.  H. 
Macbride,  acting  president  of  the  University,  responded  to  the 
toast  "The  University  of  the  Present,"  and  the  Hon.  D.  D. 
Murphy,  chairman  of  the  State  Board  of  Education,  to  "The 
University   of  the   Future." 

Phi  Delta  Chi  gave  an  informal  dance  at  Sueppel's  Hall 
recentlv. 


University   of  Washington  College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  Easter  vacation  was  held  from  April  3  to  13. 

.Among  those  taking  the  State  Board  examination  held  here 
at  the  university,  were  Messrs.  Smith,  of  Edmonds;  Webb, 
of  Sedro ;  Woolley  and  Hale,  of  Seattle,  all  former  students  of 
the  U.  of  W. 

F.  C.  Robinson,  '17,  of  Seattle,  and  Miss  Katie  Johnson, 
of  Everett,  were  recently  united  in  marriage.  Mr.  Robinson 
is  still  pursuing  the  role  of  a  student. 

Dean  Chas.  F.  Johnson  recently  made  a  trip  to  Portland  to 
visit  the  North  Pacific  College  of  Pharmacy,  and  while  in 
Oregon  inspected  the  large  vinegar  plant  at  Hood  River.  This 
trip  was  made  in  connection  with  his  work  as  State  Chemist 
of  Washington. 

The  Pharmacy  Club  held  a  very  successful  "mixer"  in  the 
Woman's  League  building  on  the  campus.  Music,  games  and  a 
"feed"  were  the  diversions  of  the  evening.  Miss  Hopkins 
rendered  an  excellent  vocal  solo  which  was  followed  by  a  clever 
impersonation  by  Gerald  Patton.  The  great  surprise  of  the 
evening  was  the  new  Pharmacy  Orchestra,  which  rendered 
several  selections  in  an  effective  manner. 

M.  V.  Veldee,  B.S.,  '13,  has  received  appointment  as  bac- 
teriologist in  the  Federal  Water  Inspection  Service.  He  is 
now  doing  preliminary  work  in  the  Federal  laboratories  at 
Cincinnati. 

The  first  annual  cadet  day  of  the  University  of  Washington 
was  a  distinctive  affair.  Classes  were  suspended  and  every 
one  turned  out  to  witness  the  display  of  military  tactics.  A 
number  of  contests  such  as  wall  scaling,  rescue  race,  equip- 
ment race  and  shoe  race  afforded  amusement.  Captain  Sewell, 
of  the  pharmacy  department,  took  third  prize  in  competitive 
drill  for  companies,  and  received  as  a  prize  a  fine  saber.  The 
military  ball  was  held  in  the  National  Guard  armory  in  the 
evening.      More    than    1200    people    were    presetit,    mostly    in 


ILkY,  1914] 


THE    PHAR^LICEUTICAL    ERA 


231 


military  attire.     Governor  and  Mrs.  Ernest  Lister  were  among 
the  patrons  and  patronesses. 


Valparaiso   University  Department  of  Pharmacy. 

The  members  of  the  Pharmaceutical  Association  of  Valpa- 
raiso University  have  been  favored  the  past  month  with  lec- 
tures of  special  interest  to  pharmacists  and  medical  men. 
O.  B.  R.  Smith,  of  Parke-Davis,  was  present  on  April  2,  3,  4. 
On  Thursday  afternoon  he  delivered  a  lecture  on  Standardized 
Products  in  which  he  pointed  out  the  necessity  for  standardi- 
zation, owing  to  the  varying  content  of.  active  principles  in 
crude  drugs,  and  sketched  the  history  of  this  line  of  research 
work.  Then  he  spoke  in  much  detail  of  the  various  physiologi- 
cal tests  used,  such  as  ergot  on  the  cock,  cannabis  indica  on 
the  dog,  and  strophanthus  on  frogs.  On  Friday  afternoon 
Mr.  Smith  lectured  on  bacterial  vaccines  and  tuberculins. 
After  giving  a  short  account  of  the  discoveries  of  Pasteur, 
Koch,  von  Pirquet,  Sir  A.  E.  Wright,  and  other  noted  workers 
in  this  field,  the  speaker  explained  just  what  bacterins  are, 
how  they  are  prepared,  the  exact  tests  to  which  they  are  sub- 
jected, the  positive  and  negative  phases  of  the  opsonic  index, 
and  showed  the  various  styles  of  packages  now  furnished  to 
the  profession  for  immediate  use.  On  Friday  night  the  lecture 
was  given  before  an  audience  composed  of  pharmacists,  medical 
students,  and  many  not  so  closely  interested  along  these  lines. 
He  gave  a  very  interesting  talk  on  the  methods  of  preparing 
and  standardizing  antitoxins,  explaining  fully  the  great  advance 
made  in  their  preparation  during  the  last  few  years.  His  lec- 
ture w-as  fully  illustrated  with  lantern  slides,  showing  the 
various  laboratory  methods  used  in  their  preparation  and  the 
animals  on  which   tests  are  made. 

On  April  9  Dean  Timmons,  of  the  Department  of  Phar- 
macy, gave  a  most  instructive  lecture  on  and  demonstration  of 
liquid  air.  His  exposition  of  the  various  chemical  and  me- 
chanical means  resorted  to  was  so  clear  and  so  fully  illustrated 
with  lantern  slides  that  every  one  of  the  immense  audience 
could  understand  the  procedure  followed.  After  the  introduc- 
tory lecture  Dean  Timmons  performed  many  interesting  and 
instructive  e.xperiments  showing  both  the  chemical  and  physical 
activity  and  properties  of  the  fluid. 


ITniversity   of   Colorado    School    of   Pharmacy. 

Dean  Washburn  has  received  the  following  books  for  the 
Pharmacy  Library :  Stilles'  "Therapeutics  and  Materia 
Medica,"  Edes'  "Therapeutics  and  Materia  Medica,"  Stevens' 
"Pharmacy  and  Dispensing,"  Gallaudet's'  "Chemistry,"  "Dag- 
gett's "Pharmaceutical  Chemistry,"  Thornton's  "Medical  For- 
mulary," Rusby's  "Manual  of  Botany,"  and  Rosenau's  "Pre- 
ventive Medicine  and  Hygiene." 

On  Friday  evening,  April  10,  Dr.  W,  H.  Jenkins,  of  Detroit, 
delivered  an  interesting  illustrated  lecture  on  the  "Manufacture 
of  Antitoxins  and  Other  Biological  Products." 

Rex  Harrington,  Harry  Bennett,  K.  W.  Sloyd  and  Charles 
F.  Poe  were  successful  in  passing  the  rftent  examination  held 
by  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy. 

W.  E.  Law  on  "Window  Advertising,"  and  J.  R.  Caldwell 
on  "Different  Things  to  Learn  in  Dispensing"  were  the  speak- 
ers at  the  .April  meeting  of  the  Washburn  Pharmaceutical 
Society,  The  second  annual  banquet  of  the  society  was  held 
April  3  at  the  Boulderado  Hotel,  with  the  following  speakers: 
W.  A.  Hover,  president  of  the  W.  A.  Hover  Drug  Co. ;  C.  W. 
Clark,  of  the  Rocky  Mountain  Druggist;  Prof.  J.  B.  Ekeley, 
Dr.  C.  T.  Burnett  and  Prof.  Francis  Ramaley.  Dean  H.  C. 
Washburn  was  the  toastmaster. 


Atlanta  College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  commencement  exercises  of  Atlanta  College  of  Phar- 
macy were  held  at  the  Atlanta  Theater  on  March  30,  at  8  p.m., 
with  the  dean,  Prof.  George  F.  Payne,  Ph.D.,  presiding. 
There  were  44  members  of  the  graduating  class,  and  the  class 
speakers  were:  William  T.  Morgan,  salutatorian ;  Stanley  C. 
Davis,  historian;  Robert  C.  Powell,  poet,  and  Samuel  C. 
Moon,   valedictorian. 

A  large  number  of  friends  of  the  young  graduates  attended 
the  exercises  in  spite  of  the  rainy  weather. 

In  his  report  for  the  year,  Secretary  H.  C.  Owens  made 
this  statement  about  the  attendance: 

"We  have  had  in  attendance  the  past  session  of  si.x  months 
a  total  of  110  students,  of  whom  42  will  graduate  tonight 
with  the   degree   of  Ph.G.,   and  two  with  the  degree   of  Ph.C. 


Those  in  attendance  were  from  the  following  States; 

"North  Carolina,  4;  South  Carolina,  11;  Georgia,  44; 
Florida,  6 ;  Alabama,  8 ;  Mississippi,  19 ;  Louisiana,  3 ;  Texas, 
1;  Tennessee,  8;  Arkansas,  3;  Cuba,  3 — a  total  of  110." 

The  faculty  of  the  college  is  as  follows;  Prof.  George  F. 
Payne,  Prof.  Carl  H.  Owen,  Prof.  H.  M.  Davison,  Prof.  W.  A. 
Medlock,  Prof.  T.  N.  Bussey,  Prof.  W.  E.  Person. 


St.    Louis    College    of    Pharmacy. 

St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  will  celebrate  its  50th  anni- 
versary or  "Golden  Jubilee''  on  Oct.  7  and  8.  The  big  central 
idea  of  the  jubilee  celebration  will  be  a  new  home.  The 
college  has  been  out  of  debt  a  year  or  so,  and,  being  out  of 
debt,  it  desires  to  push  ahead  again,  to  take  care  of  the  in- 
creased demands  upon  it.  It  has  been  suggested  that  the  new 
college  site  be  near  the  magnificent  group  of  hospitals  and 
medical  buildings  of  Washington  University  now  being  erected 
at  a  cost  of  several  millions  of  dollars  on  a  great  tract  facing 
Forest  Park.  The  old  home  has  been  outgrown  after  having 
done  great  service  to  pharmacy  in  the  West  and  the  South 
since  its  erection  in  1892.  It  has  been  decided  to  give  a 
complimentary  banquet  to  all  living  graduates  of  the  school 
that  can  be  brought  together.  Dr.  O.  A.  Wall  has  been  an 
instructor  in  the  college  for  40  years  and  he  probably  will 
have  a  big  part  in  rounding  up  the  graduates.  Besides  the 
banquet,  there  will  be  a  programme  of  exercises,  in  which 
Dr  H.  M.  Whelpley  and  other  leaders  in  the  college  work 
and   invited   guests  will  take  part. 

Class  of  '84,  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy,  plans  to  hold 
a  reunion.  George  Berg,  president,  3421  Hartford  street; 
Oscar  F.  Bausch,  secretary,  3405  Pestalozzi  street,  and  Louis 
Bierman,  treasurer,  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  are  in  charge  of 
arrangements. 


Phi  Delta  Chi  Fraternity  of  Massachusetts  C.  of  P. 
Phi  Delta  Chi  Fraternity  of  the  Massachusetts  College  of 
Pharmacy  held  its  13th  annual  banquet  at  the  Hotel  Bruns- 
wick April  15,  with  an  attendance  of  members  and  guests 
numbering  60.  Dr.  T.  J.  O'Brien,  former  acting  dean  of  the 
college,  was  toastmaster,  and  the  guests  included  the  present 
dean,  Theodore  J.  Bradley,  Hon.  Frank  J.  Donahue,  secretary 
of  the  commonwealth;  Prof.  A.  W.  Balch  and  Prof.  Elie  H. 
LaPierre,  all  of  whom  spoke.  Music  during  the  dinner  was 
furnished  by  an  orchestra,  and  the  programme  included  many 
college  songs,  in  which  the  whole  company  joined.  The  ban- 
quet was  arranged  by  John  F.  Correa,  Jr.,  chairman;  T.  C. 
Armstrong,  Stanley  B.  Pinks,  Earl  F.  Smith,  Ralph  E.  Coburn, 
R.  C.  Sharon,  J.  D.  Clancy,  H.  C.  Newton,  G.  A.  Moulton, 
Jr.,  M.  Fry,  W.  B.  Shangraw,  E.  A.  Smith  and  T.  E.  Henry. 


Kansas  City  College   of  Pharmacy. 

The  29th  commencement  of  the  college  will  be  on  Thursday, 
May  7,  at  Spaulding's  .Auditorium.  On  Tuesday  evening, 
Alay  5,  the  Alumni  Association  will  give  a  ball  to  the  gradu- 
ating class  and  their  friends  at  Drexel  Hall. 

The  members  of  the  graduating  class  were  guests  of  Prof. 
and  Mrs.  Whitney  recently. 

Prof,  and  Mrs.  Whitney  and  the  juniors,  of  which  Thos.  S. 
Evilsizer  is  president,  enjoyed  the  hospitality  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Evilsizer  .\pril   16. 

F.  N.  Fricke,  State  Food  and  Drug  Commissioner  of  St. 
Louis,  gave  an  interesting  talk  before  the  students  on  "Drug 
Laws  and   Requirements"    recently. 

The  Missouri  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  held  their  April 
e.xamination  in  the  college  building.  There  were  more  than 
60  applicants,  among  them  two-  women. 


Buffalo  College  of  Pharmacy. 
Dean  Willis  G.  Gregory  spent  Monday,  March  30,  in  Elmira 
with  his  alumni  of  the  Buffalo  College  of  Pharmacy.  That 
evening  at  the  Hotel  Rathbun  an  Interstate  Alumni  Associa- 
tion was  organized  of  the  alumni  of  all  the  departments  of 
the  University  of  Buffalo.  Fifty  graduates  of  this  university 
sat  down  to  a  bountiful  meal.  The  courses  were  interspersed 
with  college  songs  and  after  the  coffee,  addresses  were  made 
by  Dean  Gregory,  in  pharmacy;  Dean  Squire,  in  dentistry, 
and  Doctors  Wende  and  Kauffman,  in  medicine.  The  affair 
was  in  charge  of  a  local  committee  in  which  .Abraham  G. 
Hample,  Phar.B.,  of  '03,  represented  the  pharmacists;  the  de- 
cision was  unanimously  and  enthusiastically  reached  to  repeat 


232 


THE    PIIARJLICEUTICAL    ERA 


[JIay,  1914 


the  dinner  another  year,  and  a  permanent  organization  was 
effected  to  promote  the  interests  of  the  University  of  Buffalo 
in  that  section. 


University  of  Illinois,  School  of  Pharmacy. 
The  54th  Commencement  of  the  University  of  Illinois  School 
of  Pharmacy  (Chicago  College  of  Pharmacy)  was  held  at 
Howard's  Theater,  Chicago,  April  22.  The  principal  address 
was  made  by  Professor  John  Uri  Lloyd  on  the  subject,  "The 
Voung  Pharmacist's  Opportunity."  President  Edmund  J. 
James,  of  the  University  of  Illinois,  conferred  the  degree  of 
Graduate  in  Pharmacy  upon  a  class  of  55  candidates  as  fol- 
lows :  Albert  F._  .Anderson,  St.  Johns,  .\riz. ;  Edna  Becker, 
Davenport,  la. ;  August  C.  Bosch,  Gratiot,  Wis. ;  J.  Burdette 
Brown,  Tampico,  111.;  Floyde  W.  Bryant,  Elizabeth,  III.; 
George  E.  Canhani,  Xeponset,  III.;  Lawrence  Converse,  Chi- 
cago; Walter  .\.  Endee,  Chicago;  Oscar  Fisler,  Chicago;  Jere- 
miah G.  Garritv,  Spring  \'allcv.  III.;  Harry  E.  Haines,  Farmer 
City.  III.;  Philip  I.  Hildebnindt,  Lake  Mills,  Wis.;  Elwood  J. 
Hollinshead,  Morrisson.  III.;  Harry  E.  Johnson,  Rockford,  III.; 
Jonathan  G.  Jordan,  Chicago;  Elmer  C.  Lane,  Kankakee,  III.; 
Paul  I.  Mendelsohn,  Chicago;  Richard  W.  Merschat,  Chicago; 
Abraham  Myerson,  Chicago;  Charles  C.  Orr,  Chicago;  Irving 
F.  Pearce,  Chicago;  Elmer  E.  Rueckert,  Lake  Mills,  Wis.; 
Harold  Schmid,  Chicago;  Ralph  H.  Thompson,  Earlville,  111.; 
Adrian  Ton,  Chicago;  Clio-  \'avra,  Chicago;  Ladislaus  J. 
Warzynski,  Chicago;  Albert  J.  Cook,  Class  of  '13,  Terre  Haute, 
Ind.;  George  C.  Kraemer,  Class  of  '13,  Chicago;  Wm.  A.  Lee, 
Class  of  '13,  Chicago;  Alva  W.  Rackaway,  Class  of  '13,  Mt. 
Vernon,  III.;  Chas.  E.  Wach,  Class  of  '13,  Chicago;  Mary  L. 
Smith,  Class  of  '09,  Dallas  City,  III.  Seven  others  received 
certificates  as  follows:  Paul  W.  Edgett,  Earlville,  111.;  Hubert 
S.  Huston,  Carthage,  III.;  Gennaro  D.  Lavieri,  Chicago;  Fred 
L.  Leib,  .Vnna,  111. ;  Albert  Schreiner,  Batavia,  III. ;  Frank  J. 
Vondrasek,  Chicago;  George  ^'aupell,  Chicago.  Prizes  were 
awarded  as  follows;  The  Becker  Prize,  Jeremiah  G.  Garrity; 
the  Herman  Fry  Prize,  Miss  Edna  Becker;  the  Faculty  Prizes 
consisting  of  .A. Ph.. A.  memberships — in  materia  medica,  Albert 
Anderson ;  in  pharmacy,  .Albert  Schreiner,  Jr. ;  in  chemistry, 
George  \'aupell.  In  the  evening  the  .Alumni  .Association  held 
its  annual  reception  and  banquet  at  the  Congress  Hotel.  The 
members  of  the  graduating  class  were  the  guests  of  the  evening. 
A  feature  was  the  reunion  of  the  class  of  1889,  which  cele- 
brated its  25th  anniversary.  Toasts  were  responded  to  by 
President  Edmund  J.  James,  of  the  university;  L.  L.  Abbott, 
of  the  board  of  trustees;  George  P.  ilills,  president  of  the 
Alumni  .Association;  Acting  Dean  W.  B.  Day,  Wra.  A.  Con- 
verse, of  the  class  of  '89,  and  Ralph  Thompson,  president  of 
the  class  of  '14.  Professor  .A.  H.  Clark  presided  as  toast- 
master.     About  150  of  the  alumni  and  their  friends  attended. 


Medico-Cliirurgieal  College  of  Philadelphia. 
On  .April  7,  Tredwell  G.  Hopkins,  of  the  M.  P.  Gould 
Advertising  Co.,  addressed  the  students  on  the  subject  of 
"Drug  Store  .Advertising."  The  Pharmacy  .Alumni  .Association 
held  its  regular  meeting  on  Wednesday  evening,  .April  1,  when 
it  was  decided  to  hold  the  annual  banquet  and  reception  to  the 
graduating  class  April  29  at  the  Colonnade  Hotel.  Prof.  Geo. 
H.  Meeker  addressed  the  association  and  outlined  plans  for 
the  future  of  the  department  of  pharmaceutic  chemistry  which 
he  reported  to  be  in  a  flourishing  condition.  Dean  J.  W. 
Sturmer  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  entrance  requirements 
for  the  coming  session  would  remain  as  they  are,  namely  one 
year  of  recognized  high  school  work,  or  15  counts.  After  re- 
freshments had  been  sened,  the  members  were  invited  to 
inspect  the  new  pharmaceutical  dispensing  labcratory  which 
has  recently  been  equipped  with  power  machinery  to  demon- 
strate the  manufacture  of  compressed  tablets,  pill  coating,  etc. 
G.  E.  Barton,  chemist  for  the  Whitall-Tatum  Co.,  addressed 
the  graduating  classes  in  pharmacy  and  chemistry  on  the  sub- 
ject of  "Glass  and  the  Manufacture  of  Laboratory  Apparatus" 
on  -April  16. 


ers  were  Monroe  H.  Weil,  Nathaniel  Lifshitz,  Morris  E.  Pike, 
Charles  G.  Roth,  .Arnold  M.  Goodhardt,  Morris  Bender  and 
Harry  B.  Silver.  The  guests  of  honor  were  Virgil  Coblentz, 
Charles  W.  Ballard,  Joseph  L.  Mayer,  J.  Leon  Lascoff  and 
R.  H.  .Alpert.  The  committee  having  in  charge  the  arrange- 
ment of  tlie  banquet  consisted  of  Louis  H.  Richless,  chairman; 
Harry  Chiert,  Louis  Guzik,  Nathaniel  Hochberg,  David  Loth- 
ringer,  Benjamin  Maslon,  Benjamin  Polage  and  L.  Peter  Segal. 


Tau  Epsilon  Phi  Fraternity  Holds  Annual  Banquet. 
Tau  Epsilon  Phi  fraternity  held  its  annual  banquet  at  the 
Carlton,  East  81st  street,  members  attending  from  Alpha  chap- 
ter, Columbia  University;  Beta,  New  York  College  of  Den- 
tistry; Gamma,  New  York  University;  Delta,  Cornell  Univer- 
sity; Epsilon,  Fordham  University,  and  Zeta,  Bellevue  Medical 
College.     Harry  Chiert  officiated  as  toastmaster.     The  speak- 


Creighton  University  C.  of  P. 
Beginning  next  September  the  requirements  for  admission 
to  the  law,  medica>  and  dental  departments  of  Creighton 
University  will  be  raised.  The  homecoming  for  the  alumni 
of  the  medical  and  pharmacy  departments  during  the  last 
week  in  April  was  a  feature  of  the  commencement.  Both  the 
dental  and  medical  colleges  held  their  annual  clinics  that  week 
and  the  commencement  e-xercises  of  the  professional  schools 
took  place  on  April  30.  A  mammoth  spread  was  held  April  29, 
at  which  time  all  the  outgoing  seniors  were  admitted  to  the 
Pan-.AIumni   organization. 


NOTES  OF   THE   COLLEGES. 


The  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  commencement  will  be 
May  27.  The  college  will  hold  its  big  birthday  party  Oct.  7-8, 
and  a  most  elaborate  programme  is  in  preparation  for  this 
event. 

The  2Sth  annual  banquet  of  the  alumni  association  of 
Northwestern  Universitj-  was  held  at  the  Hotel  Sherman, 
Chicago,  April  13,  when  the  125  graduates  of  the  class  of  1914 
were  the  guests.  One  of  the  principal  addresses  was  made 
by  President  Abram  W.  Harris,  of  the  university,  who  said, 
among  other  things:  "Prepare  your  service  for  the  betterment 
of  mankind,  and  learn  to  do  things  for  the  benefit  of  your 
community.  You  have  more  to  learn  than  what  is  contained 
in  mere  books.  Equip  yourselves  for  a  service  of  your  com- 
munity and  its  people  and  make  yourself  the  chief  center." 
.Among  the  other  speakers  were  Hugh  Craig,  Dean  J.  H.  Long, 
H.  A.  Parkison  and  Dr.  C.  H.  Miller.  C.  M.  Turnquist  was 
the  toastmaster.  G.  R.  Carr,  president  of  the  association, 
received  the  members  and  guests,  and  he  was  assisted  by  the 
other  officers,  and  by  more  than  75  patronesses,  who  were 
headed  by  Mrs.  Lorado  Taft. 


MELTING     OF     GLYCERIN     SUPPOSITORIES. 


By  RALPH  P.  HRON, 

University  of  Oklahoma  School  of  Pharmacy. 

Why  do  glycerin  suppositories  melt  when  placed  in  the  body 
when  their  melting  points  are  above  the  average  body  tempera- 
ture (37.5°C.)?  The  fact  that  they  do  melt  suggests  some 
cause  other  than  the  heat  of  the  body.  This  view  is  also 
strengthened  by  the  fact  that  the  suppositories  in  their  boxes 
can  withstand  a  temperature  several  degrees  above  37.5°C. 
without  becoming  liquid.  Their  melting  then  when  placed  in 
the  body  orifices  must  be  due  to  an  additional  cause  and  in 
all  probability  this  is  the  moisture  present  in  the  membranes. 

The  author  prepared  two  sets  of  glycerin  suppositories,  one 
set  being  made  strictly  according  to  the  directions  in  the 
U.S. P.,  the  mixture  containing  the  glycerin  being  heated  on 
a  water  bath,  while  the  mi.xture  from  which  the  other  sup- 
positories were  made  was  heated  over  a  direct  flame,  as  some 
difficulty  was  experienced  in  getting  the  stearic  acid  dissolved 
and  the  liquid  clear.  In  this  latter  case  some  acrolein  (CH„ 
CH,  CHO)  was  liberated  from  the  glycerin  and  the  liquid 
darkened  somewhat.' 

The  suppositories  prepared  from  the  mixture  which  was 
heated  on  the  water  bath  had  an  approximate  melting  point  of 
70°  S.,  while  those  from  the  mixture  which  had  lost  acrolein 
melted  appro.ximately  at  55  °C.  This  shows  that  the  excessive 
heat  used  in  the  latter  case  reduced  the  melting  point  several 
degrees  and  therefore  impaired  their  keeping  qualities.  They 
were  also  of  a  darker  color  than  those  prepared  on  the  water 
bath,  the  latter  being  practically  colorless. 

This  little  experiment,  then,  shows  that  the  melting  of 
glycerin  suppositories  in  the  body  is  not  due  entirely  to  body 
heat  but  also  to  the  moisture  present,  and  furthermore,  that 
overheating  and  loss  of  acrolein  reduces  their  melting  point 
in   air   several  degrees,   thus  impairing  their   keeping  qualities. 


May,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


233 


Drug  Laws  and  Rulings 


Curbing  the  Sale  of  Narcotics. 


TXT  ITH  the  general  indorsement  of  the  amended  Harrison 
1/1/  bill,  nou!  before  Congress,  the  passage  of  the  Boylan 
_  bill  in  Ne~!'  York  State,  the  recent  enforcement  of  a 
new  narcotic  law  in  Tennessee,  and  the  consideration  of  other 
legislation  of  the  same  general  tenor  in  many  other  States, 
there  seems  to  be  a  better  outlook  than  ever  for  really  well- 
considered  control  of  the  trafiic  in  narcotics.  We  present  here- 
with abstracts  of  some  of  the  recent  legislation  and  proposed 
enactments  touching  upon  this  vital  subject: 


BOYLAN  BILL  INCLUDES  DOCTORS  AND  HEROIN 


THE  Boylan  bill,  which  after  various  vicissitudes  in  both 
houses  of  the  State  Legislature,  passed  the  Senate  in  an 
entirely  rewritten  form  immediately  prior  to  adjournment, 
is  of  direct  interest  to  every  pharmacist  in  New  York  since  it 
has  been  signed  by  Governor  Glynn  and  thus  became  law. 
Its  provisions  are  as  follows: 

The  Boylan  bill  amends  the  public  health  law,  in  relation  to 
the  sale  of  habit-forming  drugs.  It  is  divided  into  sections, 
section  245  relating  to  sale  prohibited,  exception;  246,  prescrip- 
tions, certificates;  247,  order  blanks,  filing;  248,  physicians, 
etc.,  to  keep  records;  249,  hypodermic  syringes,  sale  of,  records, 
penalty;  249-a,  commitment,  procedure,  discharge;  249-b,  revo- 
cation of  license,  and  249-c,  revocation  of  license  after  con- 
viction, and  249-d,  penalties. 

245.  Requires  prescription  for  the  sale,  offer  for  sale,  or 
g^'ing  away  of  any  chloral,  opium,  or  any  of  its  salts,  alkaloids 
or  derivatives  or  any  compound  or  preparation  of  any  of  them — 
provided  provisions  of  section  do  not  apply  to  the  sale  of 
domestic  and  proprietary  remedies,  actually  sold  in  good  faith 
as  medicines  and  not  for  purpose  of  evading  section  and  pro- 
vided such  remedies  and  preparations  do  not  contain  more 
than  two  grains  of  opium,  or  ^  grain  of  morphine  or  54  grain 
of  heroin  or  one  grain  of  codeine,  or  10  grains  of  chloral  or 
their  salts  in  one  fluid  ounce  or  if  a  solid  preparation,  in  one 
avoirdupois  ounce,  nor  to  plasters,  liniments  and  ointments  for 
external  use  only, 

246.  Unlawful  for  any  person  to  sell  at  retail  or  give  away 
any  of  the  drugs  enumerated  in  245,  except  as  herein  provided, 
without  first  receiving  a  written  prescription  signed  by  a  duly 
licensed  physician,   veterinarian   or  dentist.     Prescription   must 

-  contain  name  in  full  of  physician,  veterinarian  or  dentist  issu- 
ing such,  his  office  address,  office  hours  and  telephone  number, 
and  the  name,  age  and  address  of  person  to  whom  and  date 
on  which  such  prescription  is  issued. 

Unlawful  to  issue  prescription  containing  enumerated  drugs 
except  after  physical  examination  of  any  person  for  treatment 
of  disease,   injury  or  deformity. 

Unlawful  to  sell  at  retail  any  of  enumerated  drugs  without 
first  verifying  authority  of  any  prescription  containing  more 
than  four  grains  of  morphine,  30  grains  of  opium,  two  grains 
of  heroin,  six  grains  of  codeine  or  four  drams  of  chloral.  Such 
ver  fication  may  be  made  by  'phone  or  otherwise.  Prescription 
shall  be  filled  at  time  of  receipt  for  the  full  quantity  prescribed 
and  no  prescription  so  received  shall  be  filled  out  more  than 
10  days  after  date.  No  copy  of  prescription  shall  be  taken — ■ 
prescription  shall  be  retained  by  dispenser  and  be  filled  but 
once.  It  shall  be  kept  on  general  prescription  file  and  given 
a  regular  consecutive  number  on  such  file.  On  the  prescription 
inscribe  name  and  address  of  purchaser  and  date  o''  purchase. 
Dispenser  shall  place  on  package  or  deliver  therewith  a  certifi- 
cate stating  name  and  address  of  person  selling  or  furnishing 
same,  the  name  and  address  of  the  physician,  veterinarian  or 
dentist  upon  whose  prescription  sale  is  made,  and  the  date  and 
name  of  person  to  whom  sale  is  made. 

Possession — a  misdemeanor  unless  authorized  by  certificate. 
Nothing  shall  be -construed  to  prohibit  sale  of  any  such  drugs 
by  any  manufacturing  pharmacists  or  chemists  or  wholesale  or 
retail  pharmacists  or  druggists,  or  to  hospitals,  colleges,  scien- 
tific or  public  institutions,  except  that  such  sales  shall  be  made 
in  manner  provided  for  in  section  247. 


247.  State  Commissioner  of  Health  shall  furnish  to  all 
boards  of  health  or  officers  official  order  blanks,  serially  num- 
bered in  duplicate,  bound  in  book  form,  with  carbon  or  transfer 
paper  between  the  duplicate  pages.  Same  be  furnished  to  local, 
duly  licensed  physicians,  dentists,  phermacists,  druggists  or 
veterinarians,  upon  which  must  be  w^ritten  all  orders  for  the 
purchase  of  enumerated  drugs  (245)  for  use  of  such  physicians, 
etc.  •  Unlawful  to  sell,  furnish  or  dispose  to  any  physician, 
etc.,  any  of  enumerated  drugs  without  first  receiving  from  such 
physician,  etc.,  an  official  order  blank  as  provided  for — which 
order  shall  be  retained  by  the  person  or  corporation  who  sells, 
etc.,  any  of  enumerated  articles  and  such  order  shall  be  kept 
in  a  separate  file  or  book  and  an  entry  made  or  caused  to  be 
made  on  order  stating  the  date  of  sale,  name  and  address  of 
purchaser  and  name  of  person  making  such  sale. 

24S.  All  physicians,  etc.,  shall  keep  on  record  name  and 
address  of  each  person  to  whom  such  physicia^^,  etc.,  adminis- 
ters or  disposes  in  any  way  of  enumerated  articles  and  the 
quantity  so  administered,  disposed  of  or  given  away.  Preserve 
record  for  five  years — open  for  official  inspection — violation  a 
misdemeanor. 

249.  Unlawful  to  sell  at  retail  to  any  person  other  than  a 
duly  licensed  physician,  etc.,  a  hypodermic  syringe  or  needle 
without  written  order  of  licensed  physician  or  veterinarian.  Upon 
such  sale — before  delivery — enter  in  book  kept  for  that  purpose, 
date  of  sale,  name  and  address  of  purchaser  and  description  of 
instrument  sold,  disposed  of,  furnished  or  given  away.  Viola- 
tion  a  misdemeanor. 

249-a.  Constant  use  by  any  person  of  any  habit-forming 
drug,  except  under  direction  and  consent  of  a  licensed  physician, 
dangerous  to  public  health.  Provision  for  commitment  and 
discharge  on  cure. 

249-b.  License  of  any  physician,  dentist,  veterinarian,  phar- 
macist or  registered  nurse  may  be  revoked  by  proper  officers  or 
boards  having  power  to  issue  licenses  on  proof  licensee  is 
addicted  to  use  of  any  habit-forming  drug  or  drugs  after  due 
opportunity  to  be  heard.  Recovery  one  year  a.ter — reissuance 
provided  for. 

249-c.  After  conviction  for  any  of  violat'ons  of  article^ 
provision  for  revocation — applies  to  physicians,  dentists,  veteri- 
narians,  pharmacists,   registered   nurses — hearing   provided    for. 

249-d,  Violations  of  any  provisions  a  misdemeanor.  Nothing 
in  article  shall  be  construed  to  amend  or  repeal  section  1746 
of  penal  law.     It  takes  effect  July  1,   1914. 


TENNESSEE    FILLED   WITH    DRUG   ADDICTS. 


DR.  LUCIUS  P.  BROWN,  head  of  the  Tennessee  Pure 
Food  and  Drugs  Department,  in  a  recent  interview,  made 
the  following  sensational  statements: 

"The  mass  of  people  have  no  idea  of  the  extent  of  the  use 
of  narcotics  in  Tennessee  and  the  United  States  of  .\merica 
today.  They  refer  to  China  as  the  drug-ridden  nation,  and 
philanthropists  and  uplifters  have' spent  years  of  work  and 
millions  to  cut  down  the  use  of  the  drug  in  the  Orient,  while 
the  same  scourge  has  been  for  generations  assiduously  slipping 
upon  and  getting  a  more  powerful  grip  upon  their  own  country. 

"It  is  terrible  to  contemplate  the  facts  tliat  my  department 
is  disclosing  in  Tennessee  The  anti-narcotic  laws  going  into 
effect  recently  are  serving  to  uncover  a  terrible  state  of  affairs. 
Already  we  have  issued  1360  permits  in  the  State,  a  large  pro- 
portion of  these  to  Nashville  people,  allowing  druggist^  to  sell 
them  narcotics  for  habit  use. 

"And  while  one-quarter  of  a  grain  twice  a  day  is  sufficient 
for  the  non-user  of  morphine,  it  requires  eight  grains  daily  for 
the  person  with  the  habit.  Those  who  are  on  our  books  as 
having  permits  use  an  average  of  251  grains  a  month.  There 
are  1107  of  them  already  registered  and  in  the  aggregate  they 
use  278,618  grains  a  month.  This  costs  them  approximately 
$4644  a  month. 

"And  I  believe  I  conservatively  estimate  that  the  number  of 
permits  already  issued  covers  not  more  than  one-tenth  of  the 
narcot:'c  users  in  the  State.  On  this  basis  the  narcotic  bill 
of  Tennessee  narcotic  users  reaches  monthly  the  vast  amount 
of  $46,440." 


Dr.  Brown's  term  of  office  expires  shortly,  and  there  has 
been  more  or  less  opposition  to  his  reappointment,  some  from 
druggists  and  some  from  manufacturers  of  proprietaries,  but 
President  F,  W,  Ward,  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  thinks 


234 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  1914 


the  opposition  is  probably  more  "politics"  than  \-alid  objection 
to  the  head  of  the  State  department.  The  fear  that  politics 
would  be  injected  into  any  action  in  regard  to  the  narcotic 
situation  prevented  the  Memphis  Drug  Club  at  a  recent  meeting 
from  expressing  an  official  opinion,  although  the  majority  of 
club  members  indorsed  Commissioner  Brown.  Mr.  Ward  is 
one  of  the  leaders  of  a  movement  among  Tennessee  druggists 
to  secure  Slate  funds  for  the  endowment  of  wards  in  city 
hospitals  to  care  for  drug  habitues,  and  it  is  proposed  to  start 
the  movement  by  setting  aside  two  rooms  in  the  ^leniphis  City 
Hospital  for  such  treatment.  "We  can  get  these  unfortunates 
cleaned  out  in  a  few  weeks — their  systems  entirely  purified — 
and  have  them  on  their  feet,"  continued  Mr.  Ward.  "There 
is  no  need  for  habitues  to  worry  over  the  strict  enforcement 
of  the  law  at  present,  as  they  are  taken  care  of  through  a 
System  of  registration  with  the  aid  of  the  physicians." 

Secretar>'  Ira  B.  Clark,  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  and 
president  of  the  Nashville  Ph. A.,  says  that  druggists  in  all 
parts  of  the  State  believe  in  the  strict  enforcement  of  the  law, 
and  that  the  opposition  to  Dr.  Brown  is  political,  as  many 
of  the  druggists  have  endorsed  a  Republican  for  the  place. 
Dr.  Brown  being  a  Democrat. 


TO   COUNT   DRUG   VICTIMS   IN   OHIO. 


Chief  Drug  Inspector  W.  R.  Hower,  of  Ohio,  has  just  an- 
nounced that  a  partial  census  of  drug  users  in  the  State  will 
be  secured  during  the  next  few  months,  and  that  physicians 
and  druggists  will  be  asked  to  file  with  the  State  Agricultural 
Commission  lists  of  persons  known  to  be  habitual  users  of 
drugs.  These  lists,  of  course,  would  be  confidential.  Inspector 
Hower  asserts  that  he  is  confident  there  are  more  than  100,000 
habitual  users  of  narcotics  in  the  State.  He  declared  that  one- 
third  of  the  negro  population  in  the  larger  cities  of  the  State 
use  such  drugs  habitually. 


CONNECTICUT  LAW  GENERALLY  OBEYED. 


Curtis  P.  Gladding,  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  chairman  of  the 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  declares  that  the  new  narcotic  law 
passed  as  Chapter  191  of  the  Acts  of  1913,  is  being  generally 
enforced.  During  the  legislative  session  of  1911  an  attempt 
was  made  by  druggists  to  secure  the  passage  of  a  law  to  pre- 
vent the  sale  of  heroin  tablets  except  through  a  prescription. 
The  attempt  was  unsuccessful,  but  last  year  the  present  law 
was  framed  and  adopted.  The  sponsors  were  well-known  Con- 
necticut druggists,  John  Alack,  of  the  Goodwin  store;  Mr. 
Gladding,  Mr.  Rapelye  and  Philo  W.  Newton.  Due  to  the 
agitation  of  the  subject  by  these  four  leading  druggists  all  the 
reputable  pharmacists  in  the  State  stopped  selling  heroin  tab- 
lets, although  there  was  no  law  against  the  sale  at  that  time. 
Now  the  sale  is  strictly  guarded,  every  druggist  filing  all 
applications  for  anything  containing  a  narcotic,  with  the  name 
of  the  purchaser,  the  physician  making  out  the  prescription 
and  the  salesman  making  the  sale,  and  these  records  are  in- 
spected  monthly   by   the   county   health   officers. 


School  maintained  by  one  of  the  leading  churches  of  New 
York,  and  had  practiced  medicine  for  about  15  years.  He  was 
the  first  licensed  physician  to  be  convicted  of  unlawful  traffic 
in  cocaine  and  morphine.  The  evidence  at  the  trial  developed 
that  he  had  had  a  large  and  lucrative  business,  and  that 
among  his  clients  were  many  wealthy  persons.  The  probation 
officer  who  reported  on  the  convicted  man's  career,  said  that 
\'an  Horn  once  spent  30  days  in  the  Raymond  street  jail  for 
illegally  practicing  dentistry  in  Brooklyn.  In  imposing  sen- 
tence, the  court  denounced  the  prisoner  as  a  menace  to  society. 


Bexall  Stores  righting  Narcotics. 
According  to  William  C.  Neilly,  of  the  United  Drug  Co., 
the  Rexall  stores  are  earnestly  battling  against  the  use  of  nar- 
cotics. In  an  interview  given  in  Atlanta,  Ga.,  last  month,  he 
said :  "One  of  the  many  activities  of  the  more  than  7000 
stockholders  of  the  United  Drug  Co.  is  to  fight  the  traffic  in 
habit-forming  drugs.  Many  of  the  stores  have  thrown  out 
cocaine  entirely,  many  have  eliminated  trnde  in  liquor,  and  all 
seek  full  knowledge  of  all  State  laws  regulating  the  sale  of 
either  drugs  or  liquor  and  then  endeavor  to  advance  their 
standards  higher  than  that  required." 


Physician   Convicted  of  Selling  Morphine. 

Dr.  John  Van  Horn,  who  at  one  time  served  as  a  represen- 
tative of  the  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical  Society  in  the  effort 
of  that  organization  to  acquaint  Brooklyn  physicians  with  the 
National  Formulary  and  to  induce  them  to  prescribe  official 
preparations  instead  of  secret  compounds  and  nostrums,  was 
convicted  of  selling  morphine  illegally  on  .^pril  8  and  later 
sentenced  to  imprisonment  for  one  year  in  Sing  Sing,  and 
to  pay  a  fine  of  $500.  His  connection  with  the  Pharmaceu- 
tical Society  was  discontinued  some  years  ago. 

Van  Horn  was  once  an  assistant  superintendent  of  a  Sunday 


New  Jersey  Judge  Rules  "Morphine"  Means  "Heroin." 
In  the  case  of  Slate  vs.  Noiwood  in  the  Hudson  County 
Court  of  Quarter  Sessions,  Judge  Sullivan  recently  ruled  that 
the  word  "morphine"  in  the  New  Jersey  law  included  "heroin," 
a  morphine  product.  Mr.  Norwood  had  gone  on  the  stand 
and  frankly  stated  that  he  sold  heroin  without  a  prescription, 
and  that  he  sold  it  in  entire  good  faith.  If  he  was  guilty  it 
was  an  innocent  guiltiness.  The  indictment  was  framed  on 
five  counts,  two  of  which  were  for  the  sale  of  morphine  with- 
out a  prescription.  What  in  the  beginning  of  the  case  appeared 
to  be  a  serious  question  of  fact  for  the  jury  to  decide  was 
eliminated  by  the  judge  reading  heroin  into  the  law. 


New  Jersey  Druggist  Gets  18  Months  Jail. 
North  Hudson,  .April  10. — Ex-.'Vssemblyman  Frederick 
Weismann,  a  well-known  druggist  of  this  city,  and  who  has 
served  a  number  of  times  on  grand  juries,  has  been  sentenced 
to  18  months  in  the  penitentiary.  He  pleaded  non  vult  in 
Jersey  City  recently  to  an  indictment  charging  him  with  the 
unlawful  sale  of  heroin  and  cocaine.  It  is  reported  that  Mr. 
Weismann  had  been  led  to  believe  by  his  counsel  that  he 
would  be  given  a  nominal  fine.  The  judge's  sentence  was  a 
great  surprise  to  him.     Under  his  plea  he  will  have  no  appeal. 


Prosecutions  Follow  in  Illinois. 

Prosecutions  of  a  number  of  Illinois  druggists  have  been 
instituted  by  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  and  the  Federal 
authorities,  acting  in  co-operation,  for  violations  of  the  laws 
governing  the  sale  of  narcotics.  The  attention  of  President 
Fred  Kern,  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  was  drawn  to  the 
matter  by  Dr.  Kelley,  superintendent  of  the  Kankakee  State 
Hospital,  who  found  that  15  per  cent,  of  the  inmates  of  that 
institution  had  been  driven  insane  by  the  use  of  drugs. 


Court  Dismisses  Case  Against  Edward  J.  Woods,  Inc. 

The  charge  of  practicing  medicine  unlawfully  brought  by 
the  New  York  County  Medical  Society  against  Edward  J. 
Woods,  president  of  Edward  J.  Woods,  Inc.,  manufacturers 
of  Woods'  proprietary  medicines,  was  dismissed,  Judges  Rus- 
sell and  Fleming  voting  in  General  Sessions  to  that  end  on 
the  ground  that  the  evidence  was  insufficient  to  prove  the 
charge.  Judge  Moss  dissented.  The  transaction  occurred  at 
the  office  of  Edward  J.  Woods,  last  August,  a  representative 
of  the  society  calling  on  several  occasions  for  a  liquor  cure 
proprietary,  each  time  insisting  upon  seeing  the  proprietor. 
The  motion  for  dismissal  was  based  on  the  ground  that  no 
attempt  had  been  made  to  represent  Mr.  Woods  to  be  a  phy- 
sician nor  to  diagnose  the  ailment  of  the  caller.  The  relations 
were  those  of  buyer  and  seller. 


A  Half-Million  Dollar  A.D.S.  Branch  for  the  South? 

"The  American  Druggists'  Syndicate  is  contemplating  the 
establishment  of  a  Southern  branch,  but  nothing  definite  has 
been  done  as  to  its  location.  Representatives  of  the  syndicate 
are  looking  over  the  field  and  several  large  cities,  Atlanta, 
New  Orleans  and  Houston,  are  receiving  consideration."  This 
was  the  comment  of  C.  H.  Goddard,  secretary  of  the  A.D.S., 
when  asked  about  a  recently  published  statement  by  J.  F. 
Gorman,  organizer  for  the  syndicate  in  Texas,  that  Houston 
would  probably  get  a  half-million-dollar  branch. 


K.C.  Drug  Club  Luncheon. 
The  new  Kansas  City  Drug  Club  gave  an  elaborate  "open 
house"  luncheon  at  the  Coates  Hotel,  April  14.  A  large 
cabaret  company  furnished  entertainment,  and  many  out-of- 
town  druggists  were  present.  The  subjects  discussed  were  the 
mutual  interests  of  retail  druggists  in  Missouri  and  Kansas, 
drug-store  merchandising  to  well  people — the  sick  must  come 
to  us,  and  more  practical  commercial  training  in  our  colleges. 


May,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


235 


Legal  Decisions 


Selling    Wrong:    Material — Contributory    Negligence. 

A  DAIRYMAN  sued  a  druggist  for  negligently  delivering 
to  the  plaintiff  five  pounds  of  common  salt  in  lieu  of 
five  pounds  of  epsom  salts,  as  ordered,  which,  as  alleged, 
proximately  caused  the  death  of  the  plaintiff's  cow  to  which 
he  administered  a  dose  of  it — two  pounds,  as  the  evidence 
showed.  The  defendant  pleaded  contributory  negligence.  On 
appeal  from  a  verdict  and  judgment  for  the  plaintiff,  it  was 
held  that  whether  or  not  the  defendant  was  guilty  of  error 
or  negligence  in  supplying  the  plaintiff  with  an  article  radically 
different  in  fact  from  the  article  ordered,  and  whether  or  not 
that  negligence,  if  found,  proximately  produced  the  untimely 
demise  of  the  plaintiff's  cow,  were  disputed  questions  of  fact 
to  be  determined  by  the  jury.  But  that  the  plaintiff  was 
himself  guilty  of  the  grossest  negligence,  which  was  imme- 
diately productive  of  the  animal's  death,  was  a  clear  conclusion 
of  law  from  which  there  was  no  escape.  There  is  no  confusing 
similarity  in  the  appearance  of  common  salt  and  epsom  salts. 
Both  are  household  articles  in  common  use,  and  more  or  less 
familiar  to  all  men  of  ordinary  intelligence  and  experience. 
Moreover,  the  plaintiff  was  a  dairyman  of  long  experience, 
and  quite  familiar  with  the  use  of  both  articles  in  the  course 
of  his  business.  He  was  skilled  in  the  art  of  bovine  healing 
by  a  practice  of  30  years  upon  his  own  animals,  and  he 
habitually  administered  to  them  epsom  salts  for  the  relief  of 
those  digestive  disorders  to  which  they  were  frequently  sub- 
ject. He  saw  and  intimately  handled  this  salt,  which  was 
not  labeled  epsom  salts,  and  which  was  in  a  bag  showing  on 
its  face  that  it  came  from  the  defendant's  "seed  and  dairy" 
store,  a  separate  and  distinct  branch  of  its  business,  from 
which  the  plaintiff  customarily  bought  his  butter  salt  for  use 
in  his  dairy.  It  was  not  at  all  like  epsom  salts,  and  on  his 
cross-examination,  the  plaintiff  demonstrated  his  ability  to 
readily  distinguish  it  from  that  article.  "The  ordinary  con- 
duct of  rational  beings,"  said  the  court,  "must  be  governed  by 
common  prudence  and  common  sense,  and  he  who  fails  in  this 
to  his  own  hurt  cannot  justly  charge  the  ills  that  follow  to  the 
antecedent  and  remote  fault  of  another,  albeit  such  remote  fault 
supplies  the  condition  without  which  the  injury  would  not 
have  occurred.  The  result  here  complained  of  was  plainly 
due  to  the  inexcusable  carelessness  and  folly  of  plaintiff,  and 
to  allow  him  to  recover  damages  from  defendant  under  the 
circumstances  shown  would  certainly  insult  the  common  sense 
of  mankind.  The  verdict  of  the  jury  was  contrary  to  the  law 
and  the  evidence,  and  should  have  been  set  aside  by  the  trial 
court  on  the  motion  of  defendant."  It  was  also  held  that 
th^  instance  of  a  man  who  "swallowed  a  pound  of  salt  in  a 
pint  of  ale,  and  died  in  a  few  hours,  with  all  the  symptoms 
of  irritant  poison,"  read  from  a  medical  book,  was  funda- 
mentally illegal  and  inadmissible  as  evidence  in  the  case. 
(Gorman-Gamill  Drug  Co.  vs'.  Watkins,  Alabama  Supreme 
Court,   64  So.  350.) 


Intoxicating  Liquors — Wrongful  Sale  by  Druggists — 
Special  Penalty. 
On  an  agreed  statement  of  facts  in  proceedings  against  a 
druggist  for  selling  liquor  without  a  West  Virginia  State 
license  as  a  druggist,  it  was  admitted  that  the  accused  had 
not  a  State  license  for  the  sale  of  into.xicating  liquors;  that  he 
sold  a  person  a  pint  of  whiskey,  that  he  was  then  a  licensed 
druggist,  and  that  the  purchaser  of  the  whiskey  had  no  pre- 
scription of  a  physician  therefor.  The  accused  maintained 
that  he  could  not  be  prosecuted  as  an  ordinary  seller  of  in- 
toxicating liquors  without  a  State  license,  but  only  as  a  drug- 
gist, as  to  whom  a  lighter  penalty  is  prescribed.  A  druggist, 
said  the  court,  is  merely  an  excepted  person  under  the  general 
law  prohibiting  sales  of  intoxicating  liquors  without  a  State 
license.  When  he  does  not  sell  intoxicating  liquors  in  the  only 
way  that  the  exception  in  his  favor  permits  him  to  sell  them, 
he  is  a  violator  of  the  general  terms  of  the  West  Virginia 
statute  which  says  that  no  one  without  a  State  license  shall 
sell  them.  When  in  making  a  sale  a  druggist  does  not  comply 
with  the  restrictions  of  the  exceptions  in  his  favor,  he  is 
simply  one  selling  without  a  State  license.  By  the  exception 
he  may  sell  alcohol  for  mechanical   or  scientific  purposes,   or 


a'cohol,  spirituous  liquors,  wine,  porter,  ale,  beer,  and  other 
intoxicating  drinks  for  medicinal  purposes  on  the  prescriptio  . 
of  a  reputable  physician.  But  if  he  sells  any  of  them  other- 
wise, unless  he  had  a  State  license  therefor,  he  brings  himself 
within  the  general  terms  of  the  statute  which  prescribes  that 
no  person  without  a  State  license  shall  sell  them.  He  may 
then  be  indicted,  and  proceeded  against  just  as  any  other  person 
selling  without  a  State  license.  But  the  West  Virginia  Legis- 
lature has  prescribed  a  lesser  penalty  for  an  unlawful  sale  of 
intoxicating  liquors  by  a  druggist  than  for  such  a  sale  by  an 
ordinary  seller.  (Code  1906,  ch.  32,  sees.  3  and  5.)  Formerly 
it  was  not  so,  but  the  reverse.  (State  vs.  Cox,  23  W.  Va.  797.) 
Therefore,  if  the  evidence  establishes  that  the  accused  at  the 
time  of  the  sale  was  a  druggist  and  unlawfully  sold  as  such, 
only  the  lesser  penalty  imposed  for  such  special  offence  can  be 
inflicted.  (State  vs.  Wills,  West  Virginia  Supreme  Court  of 
Appeals,  80  S.E.  783.) 


Sub-Station   Accounts. 

Marcus  Sachs  and  his  son,  Simon  Sachs,  became  partners 
in  the  drug  business.  This  continued  for  a  number  of  years 
when,  it  appeared,  Simon  Sachs  sold  the  partnership  property 
and  formed  a  corporation,  doing  the  same  business  as  had  been 
done  by  the  partnership.  During  the  partnership  Simon  Sachs 
was  appointed  a  deputy  clerk  for  the  sale  of  postal  money 
orders,  with  a  branch  station  in  'the  firm's  drug  store.  Each 
day  he  deposited  the  moneys  received  from  the  sale  of  postal 
money  orders  in  a  bank.  The  checking  account  with  the  bank 
was  in  the  firm  name,  but  the  deposits  were  made  with  two 
deposit  slips,  one  showing  the  receipts  from  the  sales  of  postal 
money  orders,  and  the  other  the  total  amount  of  deposits  of  the 
drug  store  business  and  of  sales  of  postal  money  orders.  The 
account  was  kept  by  the  bank  in  this  manner,  the  deposits  of 
postal  order  receipts  being  kept  in  a  separate  account  under 
the  heading  "Station  Receipts."  Each  day  Simon  Sachs  made 
a  report  of  the  sales  of  money  orders  to  the  Postmaster,  and 
attached  thereto  a  check  to  the  Postmaster's  order  on  the  bank 
for  the  money  deposited  as  "Station  Receipts"  for  the  period 
covered  by  the  report.  Marcus  Sachs  filed  a  bill  alleging  mis- 
application of  the  partnership  funds  by  Simon  Sachs,  and 
obtained  the  appointment  of  a  receiver  of  the  corporation, 
who  took  possession  of  the  funds  deposited  in  the  bank  about 
.\pril  12,  1911.  Subsequently  the  Postmaster  filed  a  petition, 
setting  forth,  among  other  things,  that  Sachs  made  his  daily 
report  for  April  10,  1911,  showing  sales  of  money  orders  to  the 
extent  of  $678.84,  and  delivered  a  check  payable  to  the  Post- 
master for  that  sum,  dated  April  11,  and  a  daily  report  for 
April  11  showing  sales  to  the  amount  of  $300.24,  and  a  check 
for  that  sum  dated  April  12  ;  and  that,  on  presentation  of  these 
checks  to  the  bank,  payment  was  refused.  He  prayed  for  an 
order  that  the  money  represented  by  the  checks  be  paid.  Simon 
Sachs  also  presented  a  petition  to  the  same  effect.  At  the 
hearing  of  the  case  it  appeared  that  the  receiver  had  taken 
possession  of  $494.04  of  the  money  on  deposit  in  the  bank. 
As  stated  by  a  witness,  the  bank  had  apparently  peremptorily 
taken  five  or  sLx  hundred  dollars  of  the  balance  of  the  deposit 
to  apply  on  some  note.  The  receiver  was  ordered  to  pay  over 
to  the  Postmaster  the  money  turned  over  to  him  by  the  bank. 
There  was  no  mingling  of  the  money  deposited  from  the  sale 
of  money  orders  and  from  the  drug  business.  The  bank  kept 
the  former  in  a  separate  account,  designated  as  "Station  Re- 
ceipts." The  bank's  account  was,  in  substance  and  essence, 
with  the  Postmaster,  and  the  adoption  of  a  convenient  method 
of  checking  it  out  under  the  firm  name  did  not  change  the 
substance  of  the  transaction.  (Sachs  vs.  Sachs,  181  111.  App. 
296.) 


■     Implied  Warranty  of  Manufacturer. 

A  manufacturer  is  liable  only  to  his  immediate  vendee  for 
breach  of  an  implied  warranty  as  to  the  merchandise  manu- 
factured by  him,  as  his  liability  depends  upon  privity  of  con- 
tract; but  exceptions  exist  where  injury  is  caused  by  something 
noxious  or  dangerous,  or  where  the  manufacturer  practices 
fraud  or  deceit,  or  is  negligent  with  respect  to  the  sale  or  con- 
struction of  a  thing  not  imminently  dangerous.  "Within  one 
of  the  exceptions  is  to  be  found  the  reason  for  holding  the 
manufacturer  of  patent  or  proprietary  medicines  to  answer  at 
the  suit  of  the  ultimate  consumer.  Direct  actions  are  allowed 
in  such  cases  because  the  manufacture  of  medicine  is  generally 
shrouded  in  mystery,  and  sometimes,  if  not  generally,  they  con- 


236 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  19U 


tain  poisons  which  may  produce  injurious  results.  They  are 
prepared  by  the  manufacturer  for  sale  and  distribution  to  the 
general  public,  and  one  purchasing  Uiem  has  a  right  to  rely 
upon  the  implied  obligation  of  the  manufacturer  that  he  will 
not  put  in  ingredients  which  if  taken  in  pre.-'-ribed  doses  will 
bring  harmful  results.  Reference  may  be  had  to  the  following 
cases  which  sustain,  and  in  which  many  other  cases  are  cited 
which  sustain  this  exception :  Thomas  vs.  Winchester,  6  N.Y., 
397,  57  Am.  Dec.  455;  Blood  Balm  Co.  vs.  Cooper,  83  Ga. 
457,  10  S.E.  118;  Welser  vs.  Holzman,  S3  Wash.  87,  73  Pac. 
797,  99  .\ni.  St.  Rep.  932."  .Another  exception,  it  is  now  said — 
the  doctrine  is  comparatively  recent — is  referable  to  the  modem 
metliod  of  preparing  food  for  use  by  the  consumer,  and  the 
more  general  and  ever-increasing  use  of  prepared  food  products. 
.■\  manuacturer  of  food  products  under  modern  conditions,  it 
is  held,  impliedly  warrants  his  goods  when  dispensed  in  origi- 
nal packages,  and  such  warranty  is  available  to  all  who  may 
be  damaged  by  their  use  in  the  legitimate  channels  of  trade, 
including  those  who  purchase  them  for  resale,  as  well  as  the 
ultimate  consumers.  The  violation  of  the  ptire  food  law  by  . 
a  manufacturer  of  food  products  is  evidence  of  neg'igence  in 
the  preparation  and  sale  of  such  food,  and  it  is  available  in 
a  suit  by  a  middleman,  as  well  as  by  a  consumer.  (Mazetti 
vs.  Armour  &  Co.,  Washington  Supreme  Court,  135  Pac.  633.) 


SEIZED    PRODUCTS    BELOW    U.S.P.    STANDARDS. 


One   New   York   Company   Is   Fined   Many   Times  for 
Shipment    of   Articles    Bearing   Official    Titles. 

WASHIXGTOX,  April  20.— The  Department  of  Agricul- 
ture has  given  public  notice  of  judgments  2701  to  2760, 
imposed  by  the  courts  in  cases  brought  by  the  United 
States  involving  violation  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  most  of 
them  relating  to  misbranding  or  adulteration. 

A  libel  was  inled  for  the  seizure  and  condemnation  of  five 
barrels  of  witch  hazel  in  possession  of  Humiston,  Keeling  & 
Co.,  Chicago,  alleging  that  the  product  had  been  shipped  by 
the  Tunkhannock  Distilling  Co.,  Tunkhannock,  Pa.,  and 
charging  adulteration  and  misbranding.  Product  was  labeled: 
"From  Tunkhannock  Distilling  Company,  Manufacturers  of 
double  distilled  witch  hazel,  Tunkhannock,  Pa."  It  did  not 
come  up  to  the  U.S.P.  standards  in  that  it  contained  more 
than  15  per  cent,  methyl  alcohol.  No  claimant  appeared  for 
the  property  and  it  was  ordered  destroyed. 

A  fine  of  550  and  costs  was  imposed  upon  the  Fitzpatrick 
Drug  Co.,  Helena,  .\rk.,  for  shipping  quantities  of  "Phoeni.x 
Diarrhoea  Mixture"  and  "Phoenix  Seminola  Hair  Restorer," 
which  were  misbranded.  The  former  did  not  correspond  to 
Dr.  Squibb's  Mixture  as  given  in  the  N.F.  Prosecution  was 
recommended  upon  the  ground  that  the  mixture  failed  to  bear 
a  statement  showing  the  quantity  or  proportion  of  alcohol  and 
morphine,  and  the  hair  restorer  failed  to  bear  a  statement  on 
the  label  showing  the  quantity  or  proportion   of  alcohol. 

A  libel  was  filed  for  the  seizure  and  condemnation  of  20 
dozen  bottles  of  peroxide  of  hydrogen  in  the  possession  of  the 
Lemon  &  WTieeler  Co.,  Kalamazoo,  Mich.,  alleging  that  the 
product  had  been  shipped  by  the  Duosep  Chemical  Co.,  Chi- 
cago, and  charging  adulteration  and  misbranding.  Product 
was  labeled :  "Duosep  Household  Peroxide  of  Hydrogen :  pure, 
potent,  harmless.  *  *  *  "  it  did  not  conform  with 
U.S.P.  standards.  The  claimants,  Duosep  Chemical  Co.,  the 
Hydrox  Chemical  Co.  and  Lemon  &  Wheeler,  having  consented 
thereto,  judgment  of  condemnation  and  forfeiture  was  entered, 
and   product   w^as  ordered   destroyed. 

A  fine  of  $10  and  costs  was  imposed  upon  the  Western 
Wholesale  Drug  Co.,  Los  .Angeles,  for  shipping  "2  Pounds. 
OU  Pennyroyal.  Poison.  *  *  *  "  which  was  adulterated 
in  that  it  d'd  not  conform  with  U.S.P.  standards. 

Magnus,  Mabee  &  Reynard,  New  York,  was  fined  as  fol- 
lows, for  shipping  products  which  did  not  conform  with 
U.S.P.  or  N.F.  standards:  Oil  of  white  thyme,  $100;  spear- 
mint oil,  S50:  oil  of  sassafras,  S50;  oil  of  lavender  flowers, 
$50;  oil  of  cassia.  $25;  oil  of  fennel  seed,  oil  of  cajuput  and 
'oil  of  rosemary,  $150;  oil  of  savin,  $100;  oil  of  cassia  and 
oil  of  anise,  $50 ;  oil  of  lavender  flowers,  $50,  and  oil  of  bitter 
almond,  $100.  The  company  was  fined  $50  for  shipping  adul- 
terated and  misbranded  oil  of  sweet  orange,  the  same  consisting 
of  a  mixture  containing  ethyl  alcohol  and  a  lemon  oil  product 
and  the  packages  containing  which  product  were  short  weight. 

The  following  were  fined  $10  each   for  selling  quantities  of 


dilute  hydrochloric  acid  which  were  adulterated  and  mis- 
branded, in  each  case  product  being  labeled  "Dilute  Hydro- 
chloric -Vcid,"  but  differing  from  the  official  standard  (or 
dilute  hydrochloric  acid : 

Moses  Sexton,  Peter  J.  Duncan,  Samuel  A.  Richardson, 
Rhode  Island  Pharmacy  (Inc.),  Henry  Walters  and  Henry 
W.  Smith,  all  of  Washington,  D.  C. 

The  Sidney  Ross  Co.,  New  York,  was  fined  $50  in  each  of 
two  cases  for  the  misbranding  of  "Jaquequina."  Product  was 
h  beled  in  the  Spanish  language,  and  the  label  translated  into 
Fnglish  was  as  follows:  "Preparation  for  the  relief  and  Cure 
of  Headache,  Neuralgia,  Rheumatism,  Painful  Menstruation, 
Sciatica,  etc.  Is  not  a  la.Kative.  Contains  no  morphine  or 
opium.  *  *  *  "  Label  did  not  bear  a  statement  of  the 
quantity   or  proportion   of   the  acetanilid   contained   therein. 

.■\n  information  was  filed  against  the  Buckhorn  Lithia  Water 
Co.,  Henderson,  N.  C,  alleging  shipment  of  a  quantity  of 
so-called  Buckhorn  Lithia  Water  which  was  misbranded. 
Product  was  labeled :  "Note  the  marvelous'y  quick  effect  on 
the  kidneys.  Buckhorn  Lithia  Water.  *  *  *  Beneficial 
in   all   fevers,   especially   typhoid. 

"Lithium  bicarbonate  4.706  *  *  *  "  Label  statements 
were  misleading,  deceptive  and  false.  The  defendant  com- 
pany entered  a  plea  of  gui'.ty  and  the  court  suspended  sen- 
tence upon   payment   of  the   costs. 

A  fine  of  $25  and  costs  was  imposed  upon  the  Cordial 
Panna  Co.,  Cleveland,  for  the  shipment  of  a  quantity  of  mis- 
branded cordial  panna,  labeled :  "A.  Alai"  "  *  *  *  Aids 
Digestion — A  Sustaining,  Stimulating  Auxiliary  Food.  Rich 
in  all  Nutritive  Principles.  Milk  Cordial — Panna  Cream 
*  *  *  "  The  statements  "panna,"  "milk"  and  "cream," 
taken  in  connection  with  the  picture  of  a  cow  borne  on  the 
label,  were  false  and  misleading.  The  product  contained 
neither  milk  nor  cream. 

.■\n  information  in  s;'x  counts  filed  against  the  Lowenthal- 
Strauss  Co.,  Cleveland,  alleged  shipment  of  a  quantity  of 
"Lithuanian  Stomach  Bitters,"  which  was  misbranded  in  that 
product  consisted  of  ingredients  manufactured  in  the  U.S. 
and  not  in  Germany :  a  quantity  of  peppermint  extract  com- 
pound w-hich  was  sdulterated  and  alleged  to  have  been  mis- 
branded, dilute  alcohol  containing  but  a  trace  of  peppermint 
oil  having  been  substituted  wholly  for  the  genuine  product, 
and  a  quantity  of  Jamaica  ginger  compound  which  was 
adulterated  and  alleged  to  have  been  misbranded,  capsicum 
having  been  substituted  in  part  for  ginger.  The  company 
entered  a  plea  of  nolo  contendere  to  the  first  and  second  counts 
and  a  plea  of  guilty  to  the  third  and  sixth  counts,  and 
the  court  imposed  a  fine  of  $25  on  each  count,  aggregating 
$100,  with  costs  of  $28.41.  The  fourth  and  fifth  counts  were 
nolle   prossed. 

An  information  in  six  counts  was  also  filed  against  the 
above  company,  alleging  shipment  of  a  quantity  of  ginger 
cordial  which  was  misbranded  and  alleged  to  have  been 
adulterated,  capsicum  having  been  utilized  as  an  adulterant; 
quantities  of  extract  of  peppermint  and  extract  of  Jamaica 
ginger  which  were  alleged  to  have  been  adulterated  and  mis- 
branded, and  a  quantity  of  extract  of  wintergreen  which  was 
adulterated  and  alleged  to  have  been  misbranded ;  in  this 
case  a  dilute  extract  of  wintergreen  artificially  colored  being 
the  adulterant.  The  defendant  entered  a  plea  of  guilty  to 
the  second  and  fifth  counts  of  the  information  and  the  court 
imposed  a  fine  of  $25  on  each  of  these  counts,  and  costs. 
The  remaining  counts  were  nolle  prossed. 

An  information  in  IS  counts  was  filed  against  Melville 
Liebenthal  and  Sylvester  Liebenthal,  partners,  doing  business 
as  Liebenthal  Bros.  &  Co.,  Cleveland,  the  seventh  count 
relating  to  the  shipment  of  a  quantity  of  misbranded  damiana, 
labeled  "High  Grade  Damiana  Harmless  Color  E.xquisite 
Alcohol  11  per  cent."  Product  contained  16.3  per  cent,  alcohol. 
Further,  it  contained  insufficient  material  derived  from  damiana 
to  warrant  the  use  of  the  name.  It  was  alleged  in  this  count 
that  defendants  had  entered  a  plea  of  guilty  to  a  prior  offence 
charged  in  the  second  count  of  cause  No.  3942,  and  thereupon 
judgment  w-as  entered  and  defendants  were  sentenced  for  the 
commission  of  the  crime.  A  fine  of  $40  was  imposed,  the 
aggregate  fine  on  all  the  counts,  excepting  the  fourth  and 
sixth,  was  the  sum  of  $550. 

An  information  filed  against  the  above  company  alleged  the 
shipment  in  interstate  commerce  of  a  quantity  of  Creme  de 
Violette  which  was  adulterated  and  misbranded,  Methvl  violet 


May,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


237 


being  employed  as  a  coloring  agent;  a  quantity  of  quinine- 
whiskey  which  was  misbranded,  no  quinine  being  present,  and 
of  a  quantity  of  blackberry  cordial  which  was  adulterated  and 
misbranded,  an  imitation  cordial  being  employed  as  an  adul- 
terant. A  fine  of  $200  was  imposed  on  the  first  count,  and 
fines  of  $50  on  each  of  the  others.  The  "Creme  de  Violette" 
was  of  domestic  manufacture  despite  the  impression  of  French 
origin  made  by  the  label. 

The  court  suspended  sentence  in  the  case  of  Farrington  & 
Whitney,  Inc.,  Brooklyn,  charged  with  the  shipment  of  "4  oz. 
net.  Absolutely  pure.  Fisher's  Famous  (*  *  *)  Black 
Pepper.  *  *  *  _"  which  product  was  misbranded  in  that 
the   weight  was  less  than   four  ounces  net. 


and  each  physician  must  be  compelled  to  take  out  a  special 
license  for  their  use,  this  license  to  be  revokable  by  Federal 
authority   for   cause. 


30ME    SIDELIGHTS   ON   MEDICO-PHARMACEUTI- 
CAL LEGISLATION. 


IN  view  of  the  present  agitation  regarding  the  alleged  en- 
croachment of  members  of  both  the  pharmaceutical  and 
medical  professions  on  the  domains  pre-empted  by  each, 
the  following  notes  on  the  history  of  medical  legislation  are 
of  special  interest : 

The  history  of  medical  legislation  as  told  by  William  Archer 
Purrington,  of  the  New  York  Bar,  in  the  March  Case  and 
Comment,  is  a  tale  of  action  and  reaction,  of  commendable 
attempts  to  protect  the  public  by  restricting  practice  to  the 
fit,  or  presumably  fit,  perverted  in  time  for  personal  advantage, 
then  relaxed  when  made  unpopular  by  overzealous  enforcement, 
and  again  renewed  after  letting  down  the  bars,  which  has 
permitted  the  field  to  fill  with  the  quacking  flock.  When  the 
council  of  Tours  in  a.d.  1163  forbade  the  monks,  who  had 
found  the  cure  of  tlie  body  more  interesting  and  lucrative  than 
that  of  the  soul,  to  perform  any  bloody  operation,  the  result 
was,  so  far  as  the  rule  was  effective,  to  throw  surgery  into 
the  hands  of  smiths  and  barbers.  The  English  courts  upheld 
the  College  of  Physicians  in  its  attempt  to  enforce  the  statute 
preventing  apothecaries  from  prescribing,  as  well  as  dispensing. 
But  when  Apothecary  Rose  took  his  case  into  the  House  of 
Lords,  he  prevailed;  for  it  seemed  all  wrong  that  a  noble 
peer  for  his  servants  or  a  poor  man  for  himself  should,  in 
case  of  illness,  be  obliged  to  call  a  physician  to  prescribe,  an 
apothecary  to  dispense,  and  a  surgeon  to  let  blood. 

Then  followed  a  long  period  during  which  practice  was 
open  to  all,  until  the  apothecaries  in  turn  felt  that  the  healing 
of  the  sick  should  be  restricted  to  educated  men,  and  procured 
from  Parliament  the  apothecaries'  act,  whereunder  the  apothe- 
caries, having  become  general  practitioners  of  physic,  and  not 
mere  dispensers,  endeavored,  in  the  course  of  time,  successfully 
to  prevent  the  chemist,  who  corresponds  to  our  apothecary, 
from  prescribing,  thus  nullifying  Rose's  case,  but  unsuccess- 
fully to  prevent  physicians  from  dispensing.  So  the  struggle 
has  gone  on,  class  and  selfish  interests,  as  well  as  public 
spirit,    playing   their   parts   in    the   enforcement   of   these    laws. 

In  New  York,  the  reaction  due  to  efforts  of  a  few  to  keep 
Hahnemann's  disciples  beyond  the  pale  of  the  law,  coupled 
with  the  enthusiasm  of  those  who  accept  whatever  is  new  as 
true,  resulted  in  the  statute  of  1844,  permitting  anyone  to 
practice  medicine,  subject  to  punishment  for  misdemeanor  only 
upon  conviction  of  gross  ignorance,  malpractice,  or  immorality. 
This  statute,  characterized  by  Beardesley,  J.,  in  Bailey  v. 
Mogg,  4  Den.  60,  as  a  triumph  for  quackery,  was  supplanted 
in  1874  by  an  enactment  making  practice  without  a  diploma 
or  license  a  misdemeanor.  Since  then  the  law  has  been  from 
time  to  time  amended,  with  the  result  of  substituting  the  test 
of  State  examinations,  both  in  general  medicine  and  dentistry, 
for  the  futile  diploma  standard.  The  medical  practice  act  of 
New  York  has  been  modified  also  to  allow  the  practice  of 
"osteopathy,"  "chiropody,"  and  "the  religious  tenets  of  any 
church"  (Laws  1907,  chap.  344).  The  supreme  court,  after 
failing  in  Smith  v.  Lane  adequately  to  define  medical  practice, 
has  abandoned  its  attempts  at  definition,  and  left  each  case 
to  be  decided  upon  its  particular  facts. 

Federal  License  for  Habit-forming  Drugs. 

In  the  same  number  of  Case  and  Comment,  Dr.  G.  W.  Goler 
makes  a  plea  for  Federal  action  to  control  the  abuse  of  habit- 
forming  drugs.  He  advocates  taking  away  the  manufacture 
and  sale  of  such  substances  from  both  manufacturing  whole- 
sale and  retail  druggists,  and  putting  their  manufacture  and 
sale  in  the  hands  of  the  Government.  Further,  no  habit- 
forming  drug  should  be  sold  save  on  a  physician's  prescription, 


Day  of  Rest  in  Drug  Stores. 


Self-Explanatory   Correspondence  Between   Secretary   of  Phar- 
macy Board  and  State  Labor  Commissioner  and  Attorney- 
General. 
Hon.  Thomas  A.  C.'^rmody, 
Attorney-General. 
Dear  Sir: — Chapter  740  of  the  laws  of   1913,  know-n  as  the 
one-day-of-rest-in-seven    law,    exempts    in    Section    2,    among 
other  employees,  superintendents  or  foremen  in  charge. 

Section  233  of  the  pharmacy  law  reads   in   part   as  follows : 
"Apprentices   may   prepare   or   dispense   receipts    or 
prescriptions,  may  sell  or  furnish  medicines  or  poisons 
in  the  presence  of  and  under  the  immediate  personal 
supervision  of  a  pharmacist  or  druggist." 
This   section    of    the    law   delegates   to   the   licensed   man    in 
charge  of  a  licensed  pharmacy  supervising  power  over  the  acts 
of  apprentices.     In  fact,  it  is  mandatory  that  he  use  this  super- 
vising  power   in   the   sale   of   poisons   and   preparation   or   dis- 
pensing of  prescriptions. 

Will  you  kindly  advise  me  if,  in  your  opinion,  where  one  or 
more  licensed  pharmacists  are  employed  in  a  pharmacy  together 
with  a  number  of  apprentices  could  one  licensed  pharmacist 
be  rightly  termed  a  superintendent  or  foreman  in  charge  within 
the  meaning  of  the  law?     Very  truly  yours, 

Warren  L.  Bradt,  Secretary. 


OFFICE   OF  THE   ATTORNEY-GENERAL. 


Mr.  Warren  L.  Bradt, 

Secretary  State  Board  of  Pharmacy. 

Dear  Sir: — I  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  letter  of  March 
12,  relative  to  the  employment  of  a  "superintendent  or  fore- 
man in  charge"  of  pharmacies  and  of  apprentices  in  a  drug 
store.  There  is  sent  herewith  a  copy  of  a  letter  received  from 
the   Commissioner  of  Labor. 

In  the  opinion  of  the  Commissioner  I  concur  as  a  general 
proposition.  It  would  be  a  question  of  fact  in  each  case,  and 
no  general  rule  applicable  to  all  cases  can   be  laid  down. 

In  the  ordinary  case  the  licensed  pharmacist  would  not  be- 
come a  superintendent  within  the  meaning  of  the  law  from 
the  mere  fact  that  there  were  apprentices  working  under  him. 

Cases  might  arise,  however,  in  large  establishments  where 
the  licensed  pharmacist  in  charge  might  fairly  be  considered 
a   superintendent.         Yours   very   truly, 

Thomas    Carmody,    Attorney-General. 
J.  A.  Kellocg,  First  Deputy. 


OFFICE   OF  THE   COMMISSIONER   OF  LABOR. 

Hon.  Thomas  A.  Carmody, 
Attorney-General. 

Dear  Sir: — Response  to  your  letter  of  March  13  regarding 
the  application  of  the  day  of  rest  law  to  drug  stores  has  been 
delayed  by  my  absence  from  the  city  and  the  pressure  of  other 
matters. 

It  seems  to  me  that  the  question  of  whether  or  not  a  phar- 
macist is  a  superintendent  or  foreman  in  charge  and  therefore 
exempt  from  the  provisions  of  the  day  of  rest  Iaw_  is  entirely 
a  question  of  fact.  I  am  utterly  opposed  to  considering  any 
person  a  superintendent  or  foreman  if  that  title  is  given  to 
him  for  the  purpose  of  evading  the  law.  The  fact  that  he_  may 
have  an  apprentice  under  his  tuition  would  not  in  my  judg- 
ment constitute  him  a  superintendent  or  foreman  in  charge 
within   the  meaning  of  the   law.     Very  truly  yours, 

James   M.   Lynch,   Commissioner. 


Department  of  Agriculture  Seizes  Hair  Remedy. 

Two  seizures  of  hair  remedy  have  recently  been  made  in 
New  York  City  on  the  advice  of  the  U.S.  Department  of 
Agriculture.  Thirty-seven  cases  were  seized  on  March  21,  and 
17  cases  were  seized  two  days  later.  The  product  was  labeled 
"Swissco  Hair  &  Scalp  Remedy,"  and  both  shipments  were 
from  Swissco  Hair  Remedy  Co.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  That  the 
circular    accompanying    the    remedy    bore    therapeutic    claims 


23S 


THE   PHARiMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May.  1914 


which  are  false,  fraudulent  and  misleading,  is  the  charge.  It 
has  not  yet  been  determined  by  the  court  whether  these  seiz- 
ures were  justifiable,  but  this  will  probably  be  decided  within 
a   short   while. 


ADVISORY  COUNCIL  FOR  HEALTH  DEPARTMENT 


Thomas  Lamb,  of  Brooklyn,  Accepts  Commissioner's 
Invitation  to  Be  a  Member — Meeting  May  1. 
Commissioner  of  Health  S.   S.  Goldwater  has  extended  in- 
vitations  to   various    business   and    professional    men    of    this 
city  to  become  members  of  an   Advisory   Council  to  the  De- 
partment of  Health.     So  far  as  can  be  learned  at  this  time, 
the  Council  will  contain  three  or  four  druggists  in  its  mem- 
bership,    Thomas    Lamb,     of 
Brooklyn,    being    one    of    the 
druggists  who  were  invited  to 
join     the    new     body.      After 
consultation    with    the    presi- 
dent of  the  N.Y.S.P.A.  and 
the    president    of    the    Retail 
Druggists'  Protective  Associa- 
tion   of    Greater    New    York, 
both  of  whom  promised  their 
support,    !Mr.   Lamb   accepted 
the  invitation. 

The  text  of  Commissioner 
Goldwater's  letter,  which  is  in 
part  herewith  presented,  is 
enlightening: 

"It  is  the  aim  of  this  De- 
partment  to   enhance   its  use- 
fulness to  the  community.    To 
accomplish    this    end    without 
Thomas   Lamb  contact    with    citizens    of    di- 

verse views  and  interests, 
without  stimulating  suggestions  from  experts  in  matters  re- 
lating to  public  health,  and  without  candid  and  well-informed 
criticism,  is  impossible.  In  the  hope  of  bringing  these  elements 
of  progress  into  the  daily  life  of  the  Department,  it  is  proposed 
to  organize  an  Advisor}'  Council  to  the  Department  of  Health, 
which  will  be  subdivided  into  committees  corresponding  to  the 
several  departmental  Bureaus.  Mr.  Bailey  B.  Burritt  has  con- 
sented to  serve  as  a  member  of  the  Advisory  Council  and  has 
been  designated  to  act  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Food   Inspection. 

"The  piirpose  of  this  communication  is  to  solicit  your  co- 
operation. You  are  respectfully  and  earnestly  invited  to  be- 
come a  member  of  the  committee  above  named  and,  in  this 
capacity  to  give  to  the  Department  the  benefit  of  your  initia- 
tive and  of  your  special  knowledge  and  experience  in  matters 
concerning  which,  from  time  to  time,  the  advice  of  the  com- 
mittee will  be  sought.  I  am  aware  that  in  presenting  this 
invitation  I  am  asking  you  to  make  some  sacrifice,  but  I 
venture  to  do  so  in  the  belief  that  you  sympathize  with  the 
Department  of  Health  in  its  desire  to  raise  its  efficiency  to 
the  maximum." 

The  Council  will  hold  its  first  meeting  May  1. 


N.    J.    LEGISLATURE    KILLS    ALL    DRUG    BILLS. 


State    Association's    Pharmacy    Bill    and    Obnoxious 
Measures  All  Receive   Similar  Treatment. 

Trenton',  N.  J.,  April  15. — Not  one  of  the  many  bills  per- 
taining to  pharmacy  got  through  both  houses  during  the  recent 
session  of  the  New  Jersey  State  Legislature.  Assembly  bill 
No.  282,  the  State  association's  pharmacy  bill,  passed  the 
Assembly,  but  never  came  out  of  the  Senate  public  health 
committee.  The  strongest  opposition  to  the  measure  was  made 
by  the  small  country  storekeepers.  Assembly  bill  No.  741,  an 
anti-narcotic  measure,  which  went  through  the  lower  house 
without  a  single  dissenting  vote  and  which  was  immediately 
reported  out  of  the  Senate  committee,  was  set  upon  "hammer 
and  tongs"  by  two  assemblymen  who  were  "getting  even"  be- 
cause of  action  taken  on  some  of  their  own  attempted  legis- 
lation. No.  741  was  killed,  despite  the  fact  that  a  letter  from 
Governor  Fielder  advocating  its  passage  was  read  before  the 
Senate. 

The  failure  of  the  legislature  to  pass  any  legislation  of  a 
pharmaceutical   nature    had    its    bright   side.      The    McGinnis 


bill,  which  if  enacted,  would  allow  physicians  to  practice  phar- 
macy, was  killed.  The  Scoville  coffin-shaped  bichloride  tablet 
bill  was  beaten.  The  Egan  bill,  which  aimed  to  stop  the  sale 
of  all  bichloride  of  mercur>'  preparations,  except  upon  pre- 
scription, and  required  that  all  bichloride  tablets  be  of  a 
cubical  shape  and  colored  green,  failed  to  pass.  Senate  bill 
Ko.  334,  which  would  have  required  an  official  prescription 
blank  similar  to  that  provided  for  in  the  Boylan  bill,  never 
came  out  of  committee. 

The  State  pharmaceutical  association's  legislative  committee, 
consisting  of  S.  D.  Woolley,  Ocean  Grove,  chairman;  J.  C. 
Gallagher,  Jersey  City ;  George  M.  Beringer,  Camden ;  Isaac 
J.  Keuper,  Trenton,  and  David  Strauss,  Newark,  are  not  dis- 
couraged, despite  their  defeat  at  the  hands  of  the  present 
Legislature  and  will  bring  up  the  pharmacy  bill  at  the  next 
session  if  the  State  association  so  directs  them. 


Drug  Laws  and  Rulings. 


Patent  Medicines  in  Ecuador. — Patent  medicines  which 
contain  no  ingredient  detrimental  to  health  may  be  sold  in 
Ecuador  without  restriction ;  but  the  entry  of  medicines  con- 
taining deleterious  substances  is  prohibited  by  the  customs 
law.  Patent  medicines  "of  unknown  composition"  are  dutiable 
at  SO  centavos  (24  cents)  per  kilo  (2.2046  pounds)  with  sur- 
taxes amounting  to  62.7  centavos  (30.5  cents)  per  kilo.  Travel- 
ing salesmen,  with  samples,  visiting  Ecuador  for  the  purpose 
of  placing  orders,  are  required  to  pay  a  tax  of  100  sucres 
($48.66)  before  permission  is  granted  to  land  the  samples 
To  obtain  domicile  in  Ecuador  and  consequent  exemption 
from  the  tax  on  samples,  a  foreign  corporation  must  present 
and  register  according  to  law  the  articles  of  incorporation  and 
statutes  and  a  power  of  attorney  in  favor  of  a  resident  agent, 
given  under  the  corporate  seal  and  duly  authenticated  in  the 
home  coimtry  of  the  corporation.  The  expenses  coimected 
with  the  registration,  including  fees  for  lawyer,  notary,  and 
recorder,  range  from  250  to  300  sucres  ($121.66  to  $146). 

Patent    Medicines   in    Venezuela In   response    to    an 

inquiry  of  certain  .American  exporters  as  to  the  rules  governing 
the  admission  of  patent  medicines  into  Venezuela,  the  Ministry 
of  Finance  has  issued  the  following  customs  decision:  "The 
term  'patent  medicines'  shall  be  applied  only  to  those  medical 
preparations  which  are  imported  and  retailed  to  the  public  in 
their  original  packages,  such  as  bottles,  boxes,  tubes,  etc. 
Pharmaceutical  preparations,  such  as  fluid  extracts,  elixirs, 
wines,  sirups,  pills,  etc.,  imported  in  bulk  without  special 
wrapper,  to  be  put  up  by  local  druggists,  shall  be  classified 
as  drugs  and  medicines  not  specified."  [Patent  medicines,  if 
approved  by  the  examining  board  (Jxmta  de  Examen),  are 
dutiable  at  1.25  bolivars  per  kilo  ($17.13  per  100  pounds, 
inclusive  of  surtaxes),  the  same  as  drugs  and  medicines  not 
specified;  if  not  approved  by  the  examining  board,  patent 
medicines  are  dutiable  at  50  per  cent,  more  (or  $25.70  per 
100  pounds).] 

Apothecaries'  Measures  Found  Unsealed  in  Massa- 
chusetts— In  the  annual  report  of  Thure  Hanson,  of  Worces- 
ter, the  new  State  commissioner  of  weights  and  measures, 
attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  so  far  as  he  can  discover  the 
law  relating  to  the  sealing  of  apothecaries'  measures,  once  in 
three  years,  has  never  been  enforced  in  Massachusetts,  and. 
that  as  a  result  of  the  severe  uses  to  which  this  class  of 
weights  and  measures  have  been  put,  hardly  one  is  found  to 
be  perfect.  The  commissioner  is  planning  a  campaign  which 
will  be  carried  on  through  the  Summer  and  Fall,  when  he 
hopes  to  have  all  the  druggists  in  Massachusetts  using  properly 
sealed  scales. 

What  Is  Leg'al  Merchandise  for  Sunday  Sales? — 
More  than  50  merchants  of  Salf  Lake  City  have  filed  a  peti- 
tion with  the  county  attorney  protesting  against  the  sale  of 
kodaks,  films,  phonograph  records,  and  other  general  mer- 
chandise on  Sunday,  on  the  ground  that  such  sales  do  not 
constitute  the  legitimate  business  of  a  drug  store,  and  de- 
manding that  such  sales  be  stopped. 

To  List  All  Users  of  Drug3 — Senator  Nelson  has  intro- 
duced a  bill  in  the  U.S.  Senate  which  provides  that  physicians, 
dentists  and  druggists  shall  keep  for  two  years  the  names  of 
all  persons  using  opium,  coca  leaves  or  other  narcotics.  The 
lists  would  at  all  times  be  open  to  inspection  of  revenue  officers. 


Mat,  1914] 


THE    PHARJNLICEUTICAL    ERA 


239 


TOO  LATE  FOR  CLASSIFICATION 


GATHERED    IN    PHILADELPHIA. 


THE  report  of  the  general  drug  trade  in  this  city  is  as 
being  verj-  good,  many  dealers  and  manufacturers  re- 
porting business  better  than  it  has  been  for  years.  The 
Harris  S:  Berntz  Company,  630  Arch  street,  are  at  present 
having  a  fair  business,  with  a  prospect  of  having  better  busi- 
ness with  the  coming  of  the  warm  weather.  They  are  increas- 
ing their  sales  force. 

A  demand  for  menthol,  peppermint  and  vanilla  is  reported 
by  Dodge  &  Olcott,  importers,  of  503  Arch  street.  The  de- 
mand for  peppermint  is  exceeding  their  expectations,  and  it  is 
believed  that  the  price  will  be  raised  owing  to  its  scarcity. 
There  is  a  reaction  in  the  demand  for  menthol,  but  the  dealers 
think  the  present  supply  will  last  until  the  next  crop,  which 
comes  in  August.  The  reduction  of  the  tariff  rate  on  vanilla 
beans  on  July  1,  will  cause  a  big  drop  in  the  price  of  vanilla. 

The  last  of  the  scientific  lectures  at  the  Philadelphia  College 
of  Pharmacy  was  held  recently.  Dr.  E.  il.  Chace,  of  the 
Bureau  of  Chemistry  at  Washington,  D.  C,  talked  about  the 
"Volatile  Oil  Industry  in   .America." 

Plans  and  specifications  are  being  prepared  for  a  six-story 
reinforced  concrete  factory  for  Powers,  Weightmann  &  Rosen- 
garten,  at  Ninth  and  Parrish  streets. 

Fore  &  Company,  44  North  Fourth  street,  manufacturers 
of  menthol  inhalers,  are  having  the  best  business  in  years. 
Mr.  Fore  has  recently  returned  from  an  extensive  trip  through 
Iowa. 

The  establishment  of  George  H.  Steinmetz,  at  Broad  street 
and  Erie  avenue,  has  been  sold  to  Gracy  and  Hooker,  who 
will  improve  the  property. 

The  John  H.  Wood  Company,  126  Market  street,  was  re- 
cently incorporated  under  the  laws  of  Pennsylvania,  with  a 
capital  of  $40,000.  The  officers  are :  John  H.  Wood,  presi- 
dent; William  H.  Wood,  vice-president;  George  H.  Wrecht, 
secretan,',  and  James  C.  Kirk,  treasurer.  William  H.  Landis, 
formerly  of  the  Smith,  Kline  &  French  Company,  is  in  charge 
of  the  laboratory. 

The  Evans  drug  stores  have  been  offering  a  convenience  to 
their  patrons,  on  a  rainy  day,  by  lending  them  umbrellas,  on 
which  they  must  deposit  $1,  and  the  customer  has  the  use  of 
the  umbrella  for  two  weeks.  If  during  that  time  the  umbrella 
is  returned,  the  person  receives  the  dollar  back.  If  not,  the 
Evans'  company  are  entitled  to  the  deposit.  This  ought  to  be 
very  interesting  to  the  members  of  the  local  trade  as  the  dealer 
does  not  lose,  but  really  gains.  This  has  some  effect  upon  the 
business,  too,  as  the  patron  generally  purchases  in  the  store 
when  returning  the  favor. 

The  filled  tablet  case  donated  by  the  H.  K.  Mulford  Com- 
pany to  the  junior  class  student  in  Temple  Medical  College 
who  passed  the  best  examination,  on  Dr.  T.  B.  Roger's  course, 
■"Contag'ous  Diseases  of  .Animals  Communicable  to  Man,"  was 
awarded  to  Miss  Clara  Chase  Leach.  Miss  Leach  is  a  Wel- 
lesley  graduate. 


A.D.S.   Drug  Store   Opens  on   Broadway   May   8. 

The  Gray  Drug  Company  will  open  a  retail  drug  store  at 
43d  street  and  Broadway  on  or  about  May  8.  Those  having 
in  charge  the  renovation  of  the  store  have  been  very  unfortu- 
nate as  to  strikes,  and  on  this  account  the  opening  has  been 
considerably  delayed.  C.  H.  Goddard,  secretary  of  the  .Ameri- 
can Druggists'  Syndicate,  informed  an  Er.\  representative  that 
the  Gray  Drug  Company  is  controlled  by  the  sj-ndicate,  and 
will  open  its  store  at  Broadway  and  43d  street  in  order  to  get 
A.D.S.  products  into  the  center  of  the  city.  The  present 
headquarters  of  the  A.D.S.  in  Fifth  avenue  are  out  of  the 
line  of  traffic.  Asked  relative  to  the  intimation  in  a  recent 
publication  that  this  store  was  to  be  the  first  of  a  "chain"  of 
A.D.S.  stores,  Mr.  Goddard  reiterated  that  the  only  idea  was 
to  display  A.D.S.  products  in  a  prorninent  position. 

Brooklyn  Wholesalers   to   Build   $90,000   Warehouse. 

Work  will  begin  soon  on  a  seven-story  warehouse  and  loft 
building  to  cost  $90,000  for  Town  &  James,  wholesale  drug- 
gists. The  building  will  be  located  on  the  east  side  of  Duffield 
street,  147  feet  south  of  Willoughby  avenue,  and  will  be  62x100. 


N.Y.    Retail    Druggists'    Association. 

The  call  issued  by  the  N.Y.  Retail  Druggists'  Association 
for  the  monthly  meeting  met  with  the  usual  response  and  the 
meeting  was  well  attended.  It  was  held  at  Burger's,  20  Ave- 
nue C,  on  Friday  evening,  April  3,  President  Weinstein  in  the 
chair,  .\fter  hearing  the  reports  of  the  standing  committees, 
the  question  of  seciu-ing  a  permanent,  centrally  located  meeting- 
place  was  taken  up,  and  a  special  committee  was  authorized 
to  act  on  the  matter.  In  the  absence  of  Mr.  Diamond,  chair- 
man of  the  legislative  committee,  the  president  gave  the  in- 
formation that  the  pharmacists  came  out  of  the  last  session  of 
the  State  Legislature  not  as  badly  as  it  was  anticipated  and 
feared,  since  most  of  the  obno.xious  bills  died  in  the  com- 
mittees, while  others  were  defeated  on  the  floor.  The  short- 
ness of  the  session  was  also  a  helping  factor.  But,  above  all, 
the  thanks  of  the  pharmacists  are  due  to  the  untiring  activity 
of  the  legislative  committees,  whose  efforts  have  brought  about 
these  desirable  results. 

Under  new  business  the  appointments  on  the  Board  of 
Pharmacy  to  fill  the  vacancies  that  will  soon  become  open 
were  discussed.  All  present  were  of  one  mind,  that  this  large 
organization  is  surely  entitled  to  representation  on  the  board. 
Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein  and  Peter  Diamond  were  the  unanimous 
choice  of  the  members  present.  After  Dr.  Weinstein  declined 
in  favor  of  Mr.  Diamond,  upon  motion  duly  seconded  and 
carried,  the  secretary  was  instructed  to  prepare  a  petition  to 
be  forwarded  to  the  Regents  of  the  University  of  the  State 
of  N.  Y.  submitting  the  name  of  Mr.  Diamond  for  the 
appointment. 

The  meeting  lasted,  as  usual,,  till  after  midnight,  when  the 
members  had  in  the  cafe  their  repast,  at  which  they  continued 
th  ir  friendly  chat  on  matters  so  near  and  dear  to  the  hearts 
of  the  pharmacists. 


Philadelphia  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 

The  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the  Philadelphia  branch 
was  held  on  Tuesday  evening,  .\pril  7,  at  the  Philadelphia 
Drug  Club.  President  E.  F.  Cook  called  the  meeting  to  order 
promptly  at  8  p.m.  and  after  a  short  business  session,  which 
included  the  election  of  J.  Rosin  to  membership  and  the  elec- 
tion of  Theodore  Campbell  as  treasurer  for  the  ensuing  year, 
the  scientific  programme  was  taken  up.  The  following  papers 
were  presented: 

"Theory  Underlying  the  Use  of  Serums  and  Vaccines,"  by 
Dr.  A.  P.  Kitchens;  "Phylacogens — History,  Theorj-,  Prepara- 
tion, Indications,  Dosage  and  Clinical  Resuhs,"  by  Dr.  F.  C. 
Waldecker,  of  New  York;  "Clinical  Results  from  the  Use  of 
Curative  and  Prophylactic  Sera  and  Vaccines,"  by  Dr.  J. 
Hamilton  Small;  ".\  Consideration  of  Autogenous  Vaccines 
from  the  Standpoint  of  Their  Preparation  and  Administration," 
by  Dr.  Vincent  Lyon. 

Because  of  the  many  recent  developments  and  improvements 
ill  the  use  and  preparation  of  biological  products,  this  pro- 
gramme proved  to  be  of  very  much  interest  to  members  of  both 
professions  who  had  gathered  in  goodly  numbers  to  hear  and 
discuss  the  papers  presented. 

Among  the  interesting  points  discussed  was  the  preparation 
of  autogenous  vaccines  by  pharmacists.  It  was  the  consensus 
of  opinion  of  the  experts  in  this  line  of  work,  that  the  manu- 
facture of  autogenous  vaccines  could  not  be  made  a  profitable 
side  line  in  the  drug  store.  The  next  meeting  of  the  branch 
will  be  held  on  Tuesday,  May  5,  at  the  Drug  Club,  512  .\rch 
street. 


Protective  Association  Nets  $1000  for  Home. 

The  Retail  Druggists'  Protective  .Association  of  Greater  New 
York  held  its  bazaar  in  behalf  of  the  Druggists'  National 
Home  at  Saengerbund  Hall,  Brookl\Ti,  on  April  14,  15  and  16. 
The  affair  terminated  with  a  ball  which  was  well  attended. 
It  is  estimated  that  Thomas  Lamb,  the  representative  of  the 
Home  in  Brookbm,  will  have  in  receipts  from  the  bazaar  and 
in  donations  more  than  $1000  to  forward  to  the  N.Y.S.P.A., 
to  be  tiu'ned  over  to  the  Home. 

The  programme  prepared  for  the  bazaar  was  a  snappy  pub- 
lication which  contained,  besides  information  relating  to  the 
association  and  a  greeting  extended  by  President  Jacob  H. 
Rehfuss,  chairman  of  the  reception  committee,  a  brief  history 
and  description  of  the  National  Home. 


The  new  Era  Formiilarj-,  just  out,  $5.00  per  copy. 


240 


THE    PHAR^fACEUTICAL    ERA 


[ilAV,    191i 


Board  Examinations 


Colorado. 

DEX\*ER,  April  20. — At  the  recent  examinations  held  by  the 
Colorado  State   Board  of  Pharmacy   the  following  were   successful: 

Registered  Pharmacists— Robert  B.  Porter,  Alma,  Neb.;  Francis 
McCunniff.  La  Jara;  Fave  C.  Chinn,  Pueblo;  J.  E.  Friday,  Colorado 
Springs;  Alonzo  G.  Malone,  Boulder;  William  C.  Heiiscr,  Edge- 
water;  Hugh  U.  Waggener.  Salida;  Ray  C.  Laughlin,  Greeley; 
Arthur  Wilson.  Denver;  William  I.  Ayres,  Denver;  Howard  B. 
Hover,  Denver;  John  C.  Porter,  Denver;  Peter  A.  Damico,  Denver; 
Sister   Mary   Andrew. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  10  were  successful  for  registration  as 
assistant  pharmacists. 


Delaware. 

WILMINGTOX,  April  20.— At  a  special  meeting  of  the  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  at  the  Hotel  Dupont  the  examination  papers 
of  the  applicants  for  registration  who  took  the  tests  at  Newark 
recently  were  canvassed,  and  the  following  were  granted  cer- 
tificates: 

Pharm.-icists- W.  B.  Swain,  Trappe,  Md. ;  E,  A.  Shur  and  M.  H. 
Kaitz.    Philadelphia;  J.    L.    Berk,    New   York   City. 

Assistants— J.  .•\.  Devine,  Wilmington;  Morris  Citrenbaum,  Homer 
Freitag  and  C.  F.   Kletter,  of  Baltimore. 

The  next  examinations  will  be  held  at  Newark,  Julv  1. 


Maryland. 
The  Maryland  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  just  held  a  two  days* 
session,  at  which  it  put  some  73  candidates  for  registration  as 
pharmacists  and  assistant  pharmacists  through  an  examination. 
How  many  of  the  applicants  passed  will  not  be  known  for  several 
weeks,  the  interval  being  devoted  to  an  examination  of  the  papers. 
Meanwhile,  also,  it  is  thought.  Governor  Goldsborough  will  appoint 
a  successor  to  Ephraim  Bacon,  the  secretary,  whose  term  of  five 
years  will  expire  on  May  1.  Mr.  Bacon  would  be  reasonably  sure 
of  reappointment  but  for  the  fact  that  he  is  a  resident  of  Baltimore 
and  does  business  in  the  city,  while  the  law  says  that  two  mem- 
bers of  the  board  shall  come  from  the  city  and  three  from  the 
counties.  Among  the  other  members  are  David  R.  Millard,  of 
Morgan  &  Millard,  and  J.  Fuller  Frames,  of  J.  P.  Frames  &  Son, 
both  of  Baltimore,  so  that  there  is  no  room  for  another  city  mem- 
ber. At  the  time  of  Mr.  Bacon's  appointment  he  was  in  the 
county,  afterward  removing  to  the  city,  but  being  allowed  to  serve 
out  his  term.  Among  the  druggists  prominently  mentioned  as 
likely  to  succeed  him  are  J.  N.  Gilbert,  of  Annapolis,  and  Mr. 
Campbell,  of  Lonaconing. 


Nebraska. 

CLEARWATER,  April  30.— At  a  meeting  of  the  Nebraska  State 
Board  of  Examiners  in  Pharmacy,  held  at  Omaha,  90  applicants 
presented  themselves,  31  passed,  59  failed.  The  following  were 
successful: 

Edna  B.  Anderson,  Dow  City,  Iowa;  Albert  Doetken,  Joe  W. 
English,  Fred  S.  Oreunel,  John  H.  Hingst,  Emil  J.  Hermansky, 
Genevieve  L.  Hayes,  Elmer  W.  Highley,  Wm.  Jiskra,  Lawrence  B. 
Jewett,  Jos,  A.  Kafka,  Wm.  Milder,  all  of  Omaha:  Wm.  D.  Miller, 
David  City;  Roger  J.  McElroy,  South  Omaha;  F.  A.  McCunniff, 
Omaha;  Harry  F.  McGowan,  Omaha;  Garth  H.  McLeese,  Daven- 
port; Elmer  C.  Malm,  Stromsburg;  John  L.  O'Neill,  Council  Bluffs, 
Iowa;  F.  C.  Pexton,  Harlan,  Iowa;  Bruce  Porter,  Alma;  Albert  J. 
Putnam,  Twin  Falls,  Idaho;  Robert  J.  Robal,  Plattsmouth;  Mrs. 
E.  L.  Rolph,  South  Omaha;  A.  F.  Reams,  Franklin;  G.  F.  Taffe, 
Omaha;  O.  A.  Treinon,  Omaha;  Chas.  N.  Vandas,  Omaha;  O.  A. 
Windolph,  Humphrey;  Harry  E.  Wages,  Palmer;  Leo  C.  Weber, 
Arlington. 


New  York. 
The    number   of    penalties    paid    the    board    during    the    month    of 
March,    1914,    and    the    character    of    the    violations,    are    thus    given 
out   by   Secretary  Warren   L.   Bradt,  of  the  board: 

Adulterated    and     deficient    prescriptions 8 

Adulterated    and    deficient    pharmacopoeial    products 9 

Junior    violations     4 

Total     21 


North  Dakota. 

FARGO,  April  20.— The  North  Dakota  Board  of  Pharmacy  at 
Fargo  examined  a  class  of  23.  Three  applicants  for  registration 
under  the  N.A.B.P.  plan  were  registered  as  follows:  Magdalene 
G.  Gernon,  Westport,  S.D.;  Samuel  N.  Rinde,  Grafton,  N.D.  (111.); 
R.  C.  Pryse,  Dawson,  Ky.  The  next  meeting  of  the  board  will 
be  held  at  Fargo,  June  16.  Those  successful  in  the  examination 
for  registered  pharmacists  were  Thomas  S.  Campbell,  of  Lisbon; 
Oliver  Ellingson,  of  Cando;  W.  E.  Henderson,  of  Velva;  Charles 
C.  Kingsbury,  of  Sherwood;  Duncan  A.  McArthur,  of  Anamoose; 
Susan  S.  Millard,  of  Ortonville,  Minn.;  Joseph  W.  Trimbo,  of 
Forman;  Vincent  J.  Officer,  of  Hope,  and  Guy  W.  Waite,  of  Fii.gal. 

The  successful  candidates  in  the  assistant's  examination  were 
J.    F.    Courtney,    of   Minneapolis,    and    Leigh   Smith,    of   Steele. 

Received  by  exchange  were  R.  C.  Pryse,  from  Kentucky;  Sam 
N.  Rinde,  from  Illinois,  and  Magdalene  Gernon,  from  South  Dakota. 

Conducting  the  examination  were  Senator  I'orterfield,  of  Fargo; 
Burt  Finney,  of  Bismarck,  and  W.  L.  Parker,  of  Lisbon,  secretary 
of  the  board. 


Oregon. 

PORTLAND,  April  20.— The  Slate  Board  of  Pharmacy,  follow- 
ing recent   cxaniinalioiis,   has   granted  certificates   to  the   following: 

Seniors— Frank  W.  Schell,  Portland;  Arthur  B.  Poole,  Salem; 
Lulu  B.  McNair,  Ashland;  Walter  H.  Leisman,  Oregon  City; 
Harry  G.  Skinner,  Portland;  A.  H.  Nitschke,  The  Dalles;  T.  H. 
Ghorniley,   Portland;  Arthur  W.   Burton,   Portland. 

Juniors— J.  E.  Newsome,  Portland;  Roy  F.  McMullin,  Portland; 
Otto  C.  Schindler,  Milwaukee;  Benjamin  Wolfe,  Portland;  R.  H 
Albers,  Shoshone,  Idaho;  John  T.  Osfield,  Portland:  Stacy  H. 
Reeves,  Salem;  George  W.  Davis,  Silverton;  Harry  Burns.  Port- 
land; L.  H.  Schultz,  Portland:  George  R.  Baum,  Portland;  Charles 
Harlocker,   Portland;  Harry  G.   Edkins,  Portland. 


Pennsylvania. 

HARRISBURG,  April  20.— Of  32  applicants  for  registration  as 
pinrmacists  lb  were  successful  at  the  recent  examination  in  this, 
city.  Of  84  applicants  for  certiticates  as  registered  assistants  60 
were  successful.  The  next  examination  will  be  held  at  Philadel- 
phia and  Pittsburgh  on  June  12-13.  The  following  are  the  new 
druggists  and  assistants: 

Pharmacists— Joseph  H.  Goodfriend.  Fred  W.  Slocum.  Alvin  N. 
Wilcox,  Harry  A.  McLaughlin,  Viscidi  Gerard,  all  of  Philadelphia; 
Perry  N.  Black,  Pittsburgh;  Thomas  P.  O'Connor,  Scranton;  Wil- 
liam J.  Morgan,  Pecksville;  R.  R.  Eschenbaugh,  Lebanon;  Elvern 
T.  Alien,  Spartansburg;  John  E.  Hamilton,  Smithton;  Jacob  W. 
Houser,  Chambersburg;  Maurice  Brown,  Chester;  Alfred  C.  Walker^ 
Jr.,  Sewickley;  Albert  R.  Ney,  Jr.,  Monessen;  Emil  H.  AUendor- 
fer,  Johnstown. 

Assistant  Pharmacists— F.  W.  Arnold,  Abraham  Arrow,  R.  Lee 
Bicking,  Joseph  N.  Bongiovanni,  Clarence  Burk,  Morris  Brisgol, 
Walter  Elmer,  Henry  Finestone,  Leroy  Frankhouser,  Albert  Ler- 
ner,  Thomas  J.  McCann,  Jr.,  J.  Fred  McGinnis,  S.  P.  Kindt,  Harry 
Russock,  Myer  Segal.  Michael  Titman  and  Boyd  Weatherford,  of 
Philadelphia:  Niles  A.  Knauss,  Allentown;  J.  W.  Stroup,  Easton; 
Elmer  W'.  Bowman,  Norman  M.  Maxwell,  C.  W.  Longenecker, 
Clarence  H.  Fenstermacher,  Robert  L.  Dry.  George  Smithgall,  of 
Lancaster;  Harold  Dohner,  West  Reading;  Herbert  Jones,  Lebanon; 
Arnold  Huber,  Pottstown;  Norman  D.  Keefer.  Chambersburg; 
Howard  L.  Peters,  John  W.  Porr,_  Steelton;  Frank  Oncay,  Kings- 
ton; H.  Raymond  Greenlea,  Downingtown;  Walter  H.  L.  Delle, 
York  New  Salem;  Ross  F.  Shoemaker,  Bedford;  Lester  C.  Trash, 
Hazleton;  J.  Gilbert  Dickson  and  Frank  N.  Britcher,  of  Hanover; 
Emmett  E.  Parker,  Penbrook;  Basil  J.  F.  Mott,  Bellefonte;  How- 
ard G.  Isby.  Clark's  Summit:  Earl  M.  Cole,  East  Stroudsburg; 
David  F.  Whitstone,  Everett;  Albert  C.  Gibboney,  Belleville:  J.  L. 
McLrudden,  Nevv  Castle;  John  A.  Thomas,  W^est  Pittston;  Paul  V. 
Weismiller,  Johnstown;  Harrison  J.  Ball,  Mahanoy  City;  Curtis 
B.  Murtland,  Wilmerding;  James  C.  Powell,  Tower  City:  Leroy 
O.  Lohrman,  Macungie;  W.  Charles  Sarver,  Bellevue;  Fred  S. 
Laucks.  Harrisburg;  W'.  Arthur  Briggs,  Carlisle;  Lester  Suter  and 
Clarence  Wolf,  of  Altoona;  William  S.  KoUer,  Mechanicsburg; 
Dole  M.  Smith,  Rockford,  Ohio;  Harvey  V.  Stokely,  Upper  San- 
dusky, Ohio;  James  W.   Gilfillan,  Jr.,   Skowhegan,  Me. 


Rhode   Island. 

PROVIDENCE.  April  20.— Francis  M.  Landy,  of  Cumberland, 
was  the  only  applicant  for  registration  in  pharmacy  at  the  April 
examination  in  this  city.  He  passed  the  tests  successfully.  "The 
board  discussed  the  possibility  of  obtaining  a  National  narcotic 
law. 


N.Y.S.P.A.   Convention  to   Be  Held  at  Saratoga. 

The  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociation  will  hold 
its  annual  convention  at  the  United  States  Hotel,  Saratoga, 
June  23,  24,  25  and  26.  This  notice  was  received  at  the 
Era  office  just  as  the  May  issue  went  to  press. 


Drops  Dead  at  Easter  Service. 
—  Jesse  W.  Sarg'ent,  who  had  been  in  the  drug  business 
in  Maiden,  Ivlass.,  for  30  years,  dropped  dead  on  Easter  Sun- 
day, while  attending  a  Knights  Templar  service  in  the  First 
Universalis!  Church  in  his  home  city.  He  was  one  of  the 
prominent  members  of  Beausant  Commandery.  and  had  met 
his  fellow  sir  knights  at  their  asylum  earlier  in  the  day.  and 
w-ith  them  marched  to  the  church.  After  taking  his  seat  he 
was  seen  to  fall  forward,  and  apparently  died  immediately. 
Mr.  Sargent  was  55  years  old,  a  native  of  Boston,  and  had 
conducted  a  drug  store  near  the  Boston  &  Maine  railroad 
station  on  the  Western  division. 


College   Notes. 

The  courses  at  the  University  of  Colorado  Summer  School. 
June  22  to  July  31,  will  include — in  addition  to  courses  in 
general  chemistry — food  analysis,  sanitary  water  analysis,  phar- 
maceutical assaying,  chemistry  of  foods,  and  physiological 
chemistry. 

The  council  of  the  University  of  Winnipeg  has  decided  to 
establish  two  new  chairs,  one  in  pharmacy  and  one  in  path- 
ology, and  committees  have  been  named  to  make  appointments 
at  the  recommendation  of  the  president.  Dr.  H.  R.  Armes. 
lecturer  in  chemistry,  has  been  promoted  to  the  rank  of  assistant 
professor. 


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TRADE     SECTION 


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A  Modern  Pharmacy  —  Following  a  Prescription  at  Newman's,  Louisville. 


Sectional  lieu.'  oj  the  Satiitary  Prescription  Department  of  the 
Newman  Drug   Co. 

WE  hear  so  much  nowadays  of  "exact  sanitation,"  "con- 
servation of  energy,"  "promotion  of  efficiency,"  "direct 
routing  of  product,"  without  the  details  essential  to 
the  understanding  of  just  how  modern  pharmacy  operates 
along  scientific  and  sanitary  lines  that  it  is  a  pleasure  to 
present  a  sketch,  with  illustrations,  of  the  Newman  Drug  Co., 
Inc.,  of  Louisville.  Newman's  was  established  by  George  A. 
Newman,  one  of  the  originators  of  "California  Fig  Syrup," 
in  1867 ;  was  incorporated  as  the  Geo.  A.  Newman  Co.  in 
1890;  and  when  in  1894  Mr.  Newman's  stock  was  purchased 
■by  the  two  remaining  stockholders  the  concern  became  the 
Newman  Drug  Co.,  with  Addison  Dimmitt  as  president  and 
0.  A.  Wesch,  secretary  and  treasurer.  Other  changes  and 
developments  came  in  due  course,  and  only  last  Fall  the  entire 
second  floor  of  the  building  was  leased,  remodelled,  and  one 
of  the  most  modem  and  complete  prescription  departments 
and  laboratories  in  the  United  States  installed.  Everybody  in 
Kentucky  knows  Newman's — probably  other  druggists  will  be 
glad  to  follow  a  prescription  through  the  departments  from 
the   time   of  its  receipt. 


Sectional  View  of  the  Pharmaceutical  Laboratory  of  the  New- 
man Drug    Co. 


PRESCRIPTION   DEPARTMENT   RECORD   OF   THE 
NE-WMAN  DRUG  CO. 

Name    

Address    

Date    ' . 

Time    Received A .  M 


.P.M. 


Time   to   Be   Finished. 

In  10  Minutes In  20  Minutes In  30  Minutes. 

In  45  Minutes In  One  Hour Noon    

Afternoon    Tonight    Tomorrow   . . . . 


To  be  called  for Waiting    To  be  sent 

Price    C.  O.  D Charge    .■ 

Original    back Copy  Wanted   Double  Quantity... 

Filled    by 

Checked   by 

Prescription    No Check    No 

Refill     


THE    STORY    OF   A   PRESCRIPTION. 


Its  progress  begins  with  a  record  blank,  in  which  the  name 
of  the  customer,  time  received,  time  promised,  etc.,  are  care- 
fully filled.  If  the  prescription  is  to  be  sent  the  address  is 
filled  in ;  if  the  customer  is  waiting  a  duplicate  number  claim 
check  is  given  out.  One  good  feature  of  these  checks  is  that 
they  are  filed  alphabetically  so  if  the  claim  check  should  be 
lost  or  a  prescription  label  be  defaced  the  record  is  at  hand 
at  all  times.  Then,  too,  it  shows  the  exact  time  the  pre- 
scription was  received,  how  long  it  took  to  fill,  who  filled  and 
checked  it,  and  also  is  a  record  of  all  refills.  We  reproduce  the 
check  in  the  form  in  which  it  was  originated  by  the  Newman 
Drug    Company: 


Refill   contains   Narcotic,    Cocaine,    Abortive. 

Permission  given  to  refill  by  Dr 

Finished  and  sent  down  at A.M P.M. 

Following  the  filling  out  of  the  identification  points  on  this 
blank  the  receiving  clerk  places  the  prescription  with  the 
blank  attached  under  a  clamp  in  a  small  wooden  tray,  and 
it  is  at  once  sent  to  the  prescription  department  by  a  dumb 
waiter.  The  color  of  the  tray  indicates  the  order  in  which 
the  prescription  is  to  be  filled — red,  emergency;  white,  regular 
order;  blue,  tomorrow.  The  head  prescription  clerk  receives 
each  prescription,  stamps  upon  it  the  serial  number,  date  and  price 
and  then  hands  it,  still  on  the  tray,  to  one  of  the  prescription 
clerks    to    compound,    with    instructions    to    read    it    first    very 


242 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[May,  1914 


carefully,  noting  doses,  chemical  changes  or  incompatibilities, 
if  any;  also  if  all  ingredients  and  directions  are  clearly  written 
and  are  perfectly  understood.  If  he  is  uncertain  of  any  detail 
the  matter  is  again  referred  to  the  head  prescription  clerk, 
who,  if  at  all  in  doubt,  telephones  to  the  physician  who  wrote 
it   for  verification. 

The  clerk  who  compounds  it  leaves  each  package  of  ingre- 
dients by  the  tray  until  the  prescription  is  complete  and  the 
directions  written  on  the  typewriter  and  attached.  He  then 
calls  one  of  the  other  prescription  men,  and  the  latter  takes 
the  original  prescription  and  checks  carefully  the  ingredients 
and  amounts  as  they  are  called  out.  The  head  clerk  then 
again  inspects  the  prescription  and  if  found  correct,  wraps  the 
packet,  attaches  claim  check  or  delivery  directions  and  sends 
it  to  the  store  for  delivery. 

Now  for  the  department  in  which  this  work  is  done.  The 
ceiling,  walls  and  fi.\tures  of  the  prescription  room  and  labora- 
tory are  finished  with  si.x  coats  of  white  enamel;  the  floor  is 
covered  wiQt  white  and  blue  linoleum.  Dumb-waiters,  speak- 
ing tubes  and  telephones  connect  the  rooms  with  the  sales- 
rooms. Near  the  dumb-waiters  is  the  receiving  desk  of  the 
head  prescription  clerk.  In  front  and  to  his  left  is  a  si.x-foot 
enclosed  table  covered  with  one-inch  white  Belgian  glass. 
On  the  north  side  of  the  room — as  shown  in  the  cut  here- 
with— are  400  modem  bo.x  files,  each  large  enough  to  hold 
four  one-pint  bottles.  In  these  are  kept  all  the  open  packages 
of  proprietary  preparations,  fluid  extracts,  pills,  tablets,  etc. 
Each  group   is  inde.xed  alphabetically. 

Along  the  east  wall  is  the  dispensing  counter  proper,  with 
white  Belgian  glass  top  and  shelves,  and  it  carries  600  recessed 
glass-labeled  dispensing  bottles,  many  of  which  are  of  blue 
glass  to  protect  the  ingredients  from  the  light.  On  this  counter 
are  the  scales,  etc.,  while  below  in  the  drawers  are  the  pre- 
scription bottles,  all  washed,  3rained  and  stoppered;  pill  and 
powder  boxes,  capsules  and  konseal  machine,  etc.  In  the  east 
side  of  the  room  is  a  refrigerator  in  which  all  suppositories, 
spirits   of   nitre,    lactic    bacillary   tablets,    etc.,    are    kept.      All 


kinds  of  ointments,  cerates  and  plasters  are  kept  in  a  special 
glass-shelved  ointment  case  in  uniform  glass  jars.  The  oint- 
ment slab  is  of  glass,  and  there  are  special  Bunsen  stoves, 
suppository  moulding  machines,  etc.  In  the  center  of  the 
room — as  shown — is  the  work  table,  4  x  8,  covered  with  white 
Belgian  glass.  A  specially  made  white  enamelled  typewriter 
stands  on  the  table.  Above  the  box  files  and  the  dispensing 
counter,  and  reaching  to  the  ceiling,  is  48  feet  of  encased 
shelving,  finished  in  white  enamel,  in  which  is  stored  the 
extra  stock  of  proprietary  medicines.  On  the  west  side  of  the 
room  is  an  eigtt-foot  one-piece  white  enamel  sink,  over  which 
are  four  corrugated  enamel  drain  shelves  for  holding  gradu- 
ates, mortars,  pestles,  etc. 

The  laboratory  is  the  room  adjoining  the  one  just  described 
and  it,  too,  is  finished  in  white  enamel  and  white  Belgian  glass 
with  enclosed  shelving.  On  tlie  shelves  are  to  be  found  a 
complete  stock  of  U.S. P.  and  N.F.  preparations  in  uniform 
amber  bottles,  neatly  labeled,  and  a  stock  of  pharmaceuticals 
and  chemicals.  Analytic  scales,  gas  attachments,  four  vacuum 
filter  attacliments,  and  a  complete  outfit  for  properly  and 
a-curately  assaying  any  chemical  or  pharmaceutical  prepara- 
tion are  located  in  the  laboratory,  as  well  as  Stokes'  apparatus 
fcr  distilling  water  and  a  syphon  carboy  of  saturated  lime- 
water  with  washed  air  attachment. 

All  this  equipment  will  be  appreciated  when  it  is  remem- 
bered that  to  every  U.S. P.  and  N.F.  product  manufactured 
the  Government  tests  for  purity  and  accuracy  are  applied.  A 
record  is  kept  with  control  numbers. 

Among  the  dispensing  features  are  the  following:  Every 
package,  bottle  or  box  used  is  new  and  absolutely  clean.  No 
old  bottles  are  refilled.  Pill  and  powder  boxes  are  all  hinged 
so  that  tops  or  directions  cannot  be  confused.  Ointments  are 
dispensed  in  collapsible  tubes.     All  labels  are  typewritten. 

The  photographic  reproductions  of  views  in  the  prescription 
department  and  laboratory  tell  the  story  better  than  words — 
a  story  of  spic-and-span  cleanliness  and  sanitation,  and  of 
scientific  arrangement. 


A  Ne-vv  Raid  on  the  Retail  Druggist  —  Chain  Stores  to  Give  "Cigar  Store"  Coupons. 


Chain  Drug  Stores  to  Emulate  United  Cigar  Stores  and  Join 
With  This  Concern  in  Giving  "Something  for  Nothing" 
Credits  to  Customers — Underwood  Bill  May  Offset  This 
Attack  on  the  Small  Druggist. 

THE  United  Profit  Sharing  Corporation  has  been  incor- 
porated in  Delaware  with  an  authorized  capital  of  ?350,- 
000  for  the  purpose  of  issuing  and  redeeming  coupons 
and -certificates.  The  United  Cigar  Stores  Company,  it  is 
reported,  is  sending  to  its  stockholders  a  circular  notifying 
them  of  the  formation  of  the  new  company  and  explaining  the 
basis  upon  which  they  will  be  allowed  to  buy  shares.  The 
new  company,  it  is  asserted,  will,  in  addition  to  selling  and 
redeeming  the  certificates  of  the  United  Cigar  Stores  sell  its 
coupons  to  the  Riker-Hegeman  Company  and  other  concerns 
which  wish  to  include  the  profit-sharing  scheme  in  their  busi- 
ness. John  F.  Whelan  has  been  elected  president  of  the  cor- 
poration. 

Immediately  following  the  news  on  the  New  York  Curb  that 
the  new  holding  company,  organized  to  handle  the  premium 
business  of  the  United  Cigar  Stores,  would  deal  with  the 
Riker-Hegeman  chain,  a  rumor  gained  credence  that  the  United 
Drug  Co.  chain — the  L.  K.  Liggett  stores — would  also  take 
advantage  of  the  new  coupon  premium  system.  The  Era  at 
once  wired  Mr.  Liggett  for  confirmation  of  the  statement  that 
the  L.  K.  Liggett  Company  was  to  become  a  patron  of  the 
United  Profit  Sharing  Corporation  of  Delaware,  and  received 
this  reply,  just  as  our  last  forms  were  being  closed : 

"There  is  not  a  word  of  truth  in  the  rumor. — L.  K.  Liggett." 
When  the  90  or  more  Riker-Hegeman  drug  stores  adopt  as 
a  feature  of  their  system  of  merchandising  the  coupon  or 
certificate  scheme  now  utilized  by  the  United  Cigar  Stores, 
which  will  probably  be  put  in  operation  by  allied  tobacco  and 
other  interests,  the  independent  retail  druggist  will  "buck"  a 
competition  which  will  be  particularly  difficult  to  overcome  by 
the  former  qualifications  of  a  successful  business — "ability," 
"quality,"    "economy,"    etc.      The    capable   business-man-phar- 


macist  may  now  build  up  a  successful  business,  despite  his 
small  buying  power  and  his  one-man  ideas.  But  if  it  comes 
to  pass  that  to  practice  pharmacy  he  must  combat  a  scheme 
which  has  for  its  basis  the  "something  for  nothing"  propaganda 
of  the  coupon  collector  he  will  be  forced  to  adopt  new  business 
methods.  His  ability  as  a  pharmacist,  his  qualifications  as  a 
business  man,  his  value  to  the  community  as  a  capable  citizen 
will  amount  to  little  if  the  prescription  is  taken  to  be  filled 
at  the  "trust"  store  simply  because  by  so  doing  Mother  can 
put  away  a  few  more  certificates  toward  that  bamboo  parlor 
stand. 

To  argue  that  the  public  should  be  permitted  to  purchase  its 
merchandise  at  its  proper  price  and  not  be  required  to  pay 
for  so-called  "profit-sharing"  certificates;  to  argue  further  that 
the  public  should  be  permitted  to  spend  the  value  of  that 
profit-sharing  coupon  where  it  prefers — and  not  at  the  com- 
pany's premium  stores — these  are  not  effective  arguments.  No 
pressure  is  put  on  the  public,  except  its  own  short-sightedness. 
The  strength  and  weakness  of  the  whole  system  exists  in  the 
weakness  for  saving  the  certificates.  An  immediate  two  cents 
saved  is  nothing,  .^n  almost  completed  collection  necessary  to 
secure  some  particular  article  will  send  a  collector  blocks  out 
of  his  or  her  way. 

There  are  probably  but  two  ways  by  which  the  certificate 
scheme  of  merchandising  may  be  coped  with  successfully.  One 
of  these  is  to  secure  legislation  making  the  cost  of  redemption 
prohibitive — and  such  legislation,  except  for  revenue  purposes, 
would  probably  be  unconstitutional.  Representative  Oscar 
Underwood  has  introduced  a  bill  in  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives which  aims  to  make  the  redemption  of  coupons  on  manu- 
factured tobacco  goods  prohibitive,  a  tax  of  two  cents  being 
placed  upon  every  coupon  or  certificate. 

The  other  alternative  is  "fighting  fire  with  fire."  Retail 
druggists  might  have  to  issue  certificates.  But  to  compete 
successfully,  the  certificate  scheme  adopted  would  have  to  be 
well  thought  out  and  carefully  planned.  No  plan  to  redeem 
certificates  with   drug-store   stock   would   suffice.      The   ladies 


May.  191-11 


THE  phak;\l^ceutical  era 


2-13 


Getting  a  Better  Job,  by  Sol  Eckstein,  of  Milwaukee. 


THERE  are  three  important  stages  in  the -business  life  of  the  drug  clerk:  Getting  his  lirst  job;  holding  to  it  while  he 
betters  his  training  and  fits  himself  for  better  things;  and  getting  a  better  job.  The  moment  he  steps  beyond  the  last 
barrier  to  participation  in  the  profits — and  the  responsibilities — of  a  partner  or  owner  he,  naturally,  is  no  longer  a 
drug  clerk,  and  his  days  of  '"jobs'"  have  passed.  Tcyaid  the  drug  clerk  in  getting  out  of  the  rut,  Sol.  h..  Eckstein,  of 
Milwaukee,  hustler  and  organization  man,  has  crystallized  years  of  experience  in  a  few  paragraphs  of  sound  common-sense. 
When  it  is  remembered  that  ilr.  Eckstein  as  a  youth  walked  into  a  drug  store,  after  removing  the  "Boy  Wanted"  sign  from 
the  door,  with  the  greeting — "I'm  the  boy !" — it  will  be  admitted  that  he  is  well-fitted  to  speak  on  this  topic.  Here  is  his 
advice,  just  as  the  president  of  the  Wright  Drug  Co.  gave  it : 


"We  get  better  jobs  by  getting  better  results  than  the  other 
man.  .'Ml  things  considered,  position,  influence  and  the  finan- 
cial rewards  which  go  with  such,  naturally  come  to  the  wide- 
awake, competent,  tireless  worker,  whether  he  be  a  mechanic 
or  a  drug  clerk." 

"I  think  many  drug  clerks  hurt  their  chances  for  advance- 
ment because  they  don't  stay  at  it  steady  enough ;  they  don't 
give  the  business  the  attention  it  demands.  Too  many  young 
fellows  have  no  interest  in  the  vocation  they  have  adopted; 
they  think  the  salary  is  of  paramount  importance  in  making 
good,  whereas  it  is  not ;  service  and  results  are  the  most  im- 
portant. The  man  who  works  for  the  salary  only  is  the  man 
who  stays  a  clerk  all  his  life." 

"There  is  no  reason  in  the  world  why  the  drug  clerk's  busi- 
ness should  pall  on  him;  it  is  fascinating  work  if  one  has  his 
whole  soul  in  it.  I  have  been  in  the  drug  business  for  40 
years  and  I  am  as  much  interested  now  as  on  the  first  day 
I  entered  it  as  an  errand  boy." 

"A  clerk  should  know  his  stock  as  he  knows  his  X  B  C's; 
he  should  know  what  he  has,  what  ■  has  been  sold,  and  just 
where  it  is,  so  that  he  can  go  directly  to  the  place  for  what 
the  customer  asks  for,  or  if  the  article  is  out  of  stock,  he 
IS  able  to  say  so  on  the  spot.  A  fellow  who  has  to  fumble  over 
half  the  stock  to  find  what  he  wants  forfeits  the  confidence 
of  the  customer  in  the  first  place;  and  to  get  and  retain  that 
confidence  is  about  half  the  success  of  the  battle  in  the  drug 
business." 

"I  think  it  is  good  policy  to  call  the  customer  by  name 
whenever  that  is  possible;  one  should  surely  make  it  a  point 
to  find  out  the  name  of  the  customer,  and  the  next  time  he 
comes  in  be  able  to  say,  'Mr.  Smith.'  That  is  a  big  advantage. 
For  any  one  likes  to  be  recognized  as  distinguished   from  the 


crowd — that  is,  providing  one  is  tactful — I  imply  that ;  on  the 
other  hand,  over-familiarity  is  to  be  avoided.  If  I  forget  a 
person's  name  I  make  it  my  business  to  find  out  what  it  is 
at  the  earliest  opportunity." 

"It  seems  to  me  a  great  deal  of  success  in  the  drug  business 
is  wrapped  up  in  one's  attitude  toward  the  trade;  to  be  pleas- 
ant and  accommod^jting  every  minute  of  the  day  is  to  assure 
success,  other  things  being  equal.  This,  of  course,  implies  that 
one  should  ever  be  on  the  alert,  never  allow  a  customer  to 
stand   around   waiting,   when  he   might   be   accommodated." 

"One  should  be  as  affable  and  courteous  to  one  who  purchases 
a  2-cent  stamp  as  to  any  one  else.  The  person  who  buys  a 
stamp  is  likely  to  be  disposed  to  return  if  he  is  used  well; 
and  that  may  eventually  mean  a  regular  customer.  Good  treat- 
ment and  the  square  deal  build  up  trade." 

".\s  a  general  rule,  whatever  it  is  which  will  get  the  people 
coming  into  your  store  is  good  for  the  business;  if  your  goods 
are  right,  and  you  know  how  to  treat  your  customers,  success 
is  yours." 

"How  did  I  build  up  my  cigar  business?  Well,  I  always 
had  what  the  customer  wanted.  I  make  it  a  rule  to  keep 
every  brand  of  cigar  which  is  favorably  knov\-n,  that  is,  the 
brand  which  demand  shows  has  especial  merits,  and  fits 
especial  tastes.  You  know,  every  man  likes  his  own  cigar. 
Probably  it  is  recognition  of  this  fact  which  has  helped  me 
much  to  build  up  my  cigar  business;  if  a  man  can't  find  what 
he  wants  in  my  show  case  I  take  him  back  to  my  store  room, 
where  I  have  them  piled  up  to  the  ceiling;  every  shape,  every 
kind,  every  flavor.  That  inspires  confidence  in  my  cigar 
stock,  and  it  is  seldom  or  never  that  I  am  not  able  to  suit 
the  customer — and  bring  him  back  for  more.  I  have  two  cigar 
salesmen   out  on   the  road." 


want  chairs  and  tables  and  lamps — not  "stuff  for  sick  people." 
The  successful  certificate  opposition  %vill  have  to  provide  for 
the  redemption  of  certificates  with  any  article  now  handled  by 
the  United  States  Cigar  Stores  premiums  stores.  To  the 
extent  of  issuing  certificates,  the  independent  druggists  will 
be  obliged  to  become  units  of  a  certificate-issuing  and  re- 
demption proposition  or — watch  their  old-time  customers  buy 
their  cigars  at  the  certificate  cigar  store,  their  drugs  at  the 
certificate  drug  store  and  their  other  goods  at  such  "chain" 
stores  as  may  handle  the  certificates  issued  by  the  profit- 
sharing  company  just  organized. 

H.  R.  13723  introduced  into  the  House  of  Representatives 
by  Mr.  Underwood  is  a  bill  to  le\7  a  tax  upon  the  issuance 
of  coupons,  prize  tickets,  and  other  devices,  and  on  the  redemp- 
tion, payment,  purchase,  or  exchange  of  coupons,  prize  tickets, 
tags,  bands,  or  other  articles,  things,  or  parts  of  articles  or 
things  that  shall  have  been  attached  to,  or  packed  in  or  with, 
or  formed  a  part  of,  or  encircling,  or  given  with  any  manu- 
factured tobacco,  cigar  or  cigars,  cigarette  or  cigarettes,  or 
snuff,  or  any  stamped  package  or  receptacle  thereof,  and  to 
forbid  the  packing  of  other  things  into  packages  of  tobacco, 
cigars,   cigarettes,   or  snuff. 

The  bill  provides  for  a  tax  of  two  cents  upon  every  coupon, 
prize  ticket,  etc.,  attached  to,  packed  in  or  with,  or  forming 
a  part  of,  or  encircling,  or  given  with  or  accompanying  any 
sale  of  any  manufactured  tobacco,  cigar  or  cigars,  little  cigar 
or  little  cigars,  cigarette  or  cigarettes,  etc.,  if  any  such  coupon, 
prize  ticket,  or  other  device,  contains  any  direct  or  indirect 
promise,  or  proposition,  or  offer,  to  make  redemption  or  pay- 
ment in  cash  therefor,  or  for  any  number  of  same,  or  to  ex- 
change property  therefor,  or  for  any  number  of  same,  whether 
such  redemption,   payment,  or  exchange,  is  made  or  is  to  be 


made  by  a  manufacturer  of,  or  dealer  in,  such  tobacco,  cigars, 
cigarettes,  or  snufi",  or  any  other  person,  firm,  or  composition. 
Section  2  of  the  bill  provides  for  the  levying,  collection,  and 
payment,  by  adhesive  stamps,  of  a  tax  of  two  cents  for,  and 
upon  redemption,  payment,  purchase,  or  exchange  of,  any 
coupon,  prize  ticket,  tag,  etc.,  or  any  article,  etc.,  which  before 
being  offered  for  such  redemption  or  purchase  shall  have  been 
attached  to,  packed  in  or  with,  or  formed  a  part  of,  or  en- 
circled, or  given  with,  or  accompanied  any  sale  of  any  manu- 
factured tobacco,  cigar  or  cigars,  etc.  Section  three  provides 
for  the  stamping  of  coupons,  etc.,  by  the  person,  firm,  or 
corporation  presenting  the  same  for  redemption,  purchase,  or 
exchange.  Section  eight  provides  for  a  fine  of  $50  for  every 
failure  to  affix  such  stamp  or  stamps. 


Statement  of  Ownership,  Management,  Etc. 
Statement  of  the  ownership,  management,  etc.,  of  The 
Phaksiaceutical  Era,  published  monthly  at  New  York,  N.  Y., 
as  required  by  the  Act  of  August  24,  1912,  Section  467}^, 
Postal  Laws  and  Regulations:  Editor  and  managing  editor, 
E.  J.  Kennedy;  business  manager,  D.  O.  Haynes;  publishers, 
D.  O.  HajTieS  &  Co.,  all  of  No.  3  Park  Place,  N.  Y.  Owner, 
D.  O.  Haynes,  No.  3  Park  Place,  N.  Y.  No  bonds,  mortgages 
or  other  securities  issued.  Signed,  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  by 
D.  O.  Haynes,  Pres.  Sworn  and  subscribed  to  before  P.  Frank 
Sonnek,  Notary  Public,  Queens  Co.,  N.  Y.,  on  March  30,  19.14. 
Commission  e.xpires  March  30,   1915. 


Peek   &   'Velsor  Have   Another   Fire. 
A  fire  did  more  than  $5000  damage  to  the  stock  of  botanical 
drugs   in   the  warehouse   of  Peek   &  'Velsor,   dealers   in  crude 
drugs  at  9  Gold  street. 


:u 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[JIay,  1914 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


Calvert  Drug  Co.  Reorganizes — There  has  been  an 
upheaval  in  the  Calvert  Drug  Co.,  a  Baltimore  corporation 
f.  rmed  13  years  ago  by  a  number  of  the  Baltimore  druggists, 
with  the  late  .\.  J.  Coming,  David  R.  Millard,  of  Morgan  & 
Millard:  John  B.  Thomas,  of  the  Thomas  &  Thompson  Drug 
Ccmpany,  and  others  hardly  less  prominent  at  the  bead,  to 
supply  pharmaceuticals  and  other  things  to  druggists  at  whole- 
sale prices  plus  the  cost  of  doing  business.  .Vt  a  meeting  of 
directors  held  .\pril  S,  President  Harry  F.  Lindeman  and 
John  G.  Beck,  for  years  treasurer  and  general  manager,  retired 
as  officers  and  members  of  the  board,  and  new  officers  were 
elected  to  take  charge.  The  new  officers  are  Geo.  C.  Potter- 
field,  of  Warner  &  Potterfield,  president;  J.  Fuller  Frames,  of 
J.  P.  Frames  &:  Son,  secretary:  H.  Geo.  \Vendel.  treasurer, 
and  R.  E.  Lee  Williamson,  of  Lee  Williamson  &  Co.,  general 
manager.  The  new  officers  took  hold  of  affairs  at  once  and 
have  been  gradually  getting  a  line  on  the  activities  of  the 
company.  Mr.  Williamson  is  also  identified  with  the  W.  H. 
Richardson  Company,  which  conducts  a  store  at  Charles  street 
and  Mount  RoyaJ  avenue.  He  does  not  contemplate  with- 
drawal from  these  concerns,  but  he  states  that  he  will  give 
practically  his  entire  time  to  the  direction  of  the  Calvert 
Company's  affairs.  For  some  time  past  there  has  been  more 
or  less  dissatisfaction  with  various  matters  related  to  the 
management  of  the  Calvert  Company,  and  the  disagreements 
became  more  pronounced  about  the  time  when  Mr.  Beck,  who 
had  been  the  virtual  directing  head  as  general  manager,  suf- 
fered a  nervous  breakdown,  and  was  compelled  to  seek  a  rest 
and  medical  treatment.  Mr.  Beck  not  long  ago  returned  to 
his  duties,  fully  restored,  but  the  discontent  of  some  of  the 
stockholders  seemed  to  have  made  much  headway,  and  the 
meeting  of  the  board  at  which  the  changes  were  decided  upon 
followed.  Mr.  Beck  was  formerly  in  the  retail  business  at 
Hartford  and  North  avenues,  and  he  has  been  prominent  in 
the  affairs  of  the  Calvert  Company  ever  since  it  was  launched. 
He  was  active  in  securing  the  erection  of  the  handsome  new 
five-story  structure  which  the  corporation  occupied  last  year, 
at  106  and  108  West  Gennaji  street,  and  which  was  con- 
structed at  a  cost  of  not  less  than  $50,000.  He  has  also  various 
other  business  interests  and  has  been  a  very  busy  man.  In 
fact,  it  was  the  strain  of  the  work  upon  him  to  which  was 
attributed  his  breakdown. 

The  Behrens  Drug  Co.,  of  Waco.  Texas,  has  just  removed 
to  its  new  fireproof,  reinforced  concrete  building,  which,  from 
the  point  of  view  of  the  wholesale  druggist,  is  reported  to  be 
a  model.  The  building  has  four  stories,  and  basement,  with  a 
floor  area  of  63,800  square  feet,  is  located  at  the  comer  of 
Fourth  and  Mary  streets,  with  a  front  on  Fourth  street,  while 
private  driveways  and  a  prirate  railroad  switch  facilitate 
receiving  and  shipping  of  goods.  Every  modem  convenience 
and  appliance  for  the  expeditious  handling  of  an  increasing 
business  have  been  installed  under  the  direction  of  General 
Manager  John  ~G.  Mason.  Mr.  Mason,  who  is  also  a  director 
of  the  company,  is  well  known  throughout  the  country.  He 
was  for  vears  "connected  with  the  Meyer  Bros.  Drag  Co.,  of 
St.  Louii  as  the  head  o'  the  sales  depanraent.  resigning  to 
take  the  management  of  Carter.  Carter  &  ileigs,  of  Boston. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  .\.Ph..\.  and  of  a  number  of  State 
associations.  The  stockholders  of  the  Behrens  company  recently 
voted  an  increase  in  the  capital  stock  of  the  corporation  of 
600  shares,  and  this  has  now  been  fully  subscribed  and  paid 
in.  so  the  company  is  operating  with  a  capital  of  S250.000. 
The  officers  of  the  company  are :  President  Dr.  W.  R.  Clifton ; 
vice-presidents.  E.  Rotan  and  H.  C.  Risher :  secretary-treasurer, 
E  H.  Hardin,  and  John  G.  Mason,  general  manager,  .\mong 
the  specialties  handled  are  Oxidine,  and  Mrs.  McCormick's 
Beauty   Cream  and  Beauty   Cream   Soap. 

The  Wisconsin  Kexall  Club,  at  its  recent  convention  in 
MUwaukee.  elected  the  following  officers:  L.  A.  Duffin,  White- 
water president;  vice-presidents,  R.  Milbauer,  Clmtonville; 
B  Schwanberg.  W^ausau.  and  .\.  E.  Krueger,  Madison;  sec- 
retary, F.  .\.  Rhvme.  One  of  the  features  of  the  convention 
was  a  talk  by  Jliss  Frances  Schoen.  a  saleswoman  in  the 
employ  of  the' A.  Spiegel  Co.,  who  told  the  druggists  how  to 
sell  toilet  preparations.  She  said  women  ought  to  be  persuaded 
to  use  perfumes,  powders  and  toilet  waters,   all  of  the  same 


odor,  and  she  gave  some  valuable  pointers  on  how  to  take 
care  of  the  women  customers.  Miss  Schoen  was  introduced 
by  .\dolph  Spiegel,  Milwaukee,  who  said  that  he  was  the 
original  "pharmaceutical  suffragist"  of  Wisconsin,  having  em- 
ployed women  in  his  store  as  far  back  as  1888.  "Everybody 
said  I  would  soon  be  in  bankruptcy,"  said  Mr.  Spiegel. 
"Women  are  "good  salespeople  and  every  department  in  which 
they  have  been  employed  has  improved." 

The  Davis-Fuston  Drug  Co.,  of  Nashville,  has  been 
chartered  to  operate  a  chain  of  drug  stores,  under  the  direction 
of  William  F.  Davis,  Sumner  Fuston  and  Fred  Fuston,  all 
three  men  being  at  present  proprietors.  The  stores  to  be 
operated  under  the  control  of  the  new  company  are :  The 
Hemlock  pharmacy,  at  22d  avenue  and  Church  street ;  the 
Fuston  pharmacy,  2Stii  and  West  End  avenue;  the  Ben  Wise 
pharmacy,  at  901  Fourth  avenue,  South,  and  the  two  drug 
stores  conducted  tinder  the  name  of  the  Nashville  Drug  Co. 
These  are  located  at  12th  avenue  and  Jefferson  street  and  at 
ISth  avenue  and  Cedar  street.  The  company  has  a  paid-up 
capital  of  $35,000.  For  the  present  only  stores  in  Nashville 
will  be  operated,  but  the  company  expects  to  branch  out  to 
other  towns  later  on. 

The  National  Co-operative  Drug  Co.  will  open  its  first 
houses  at  St.  Louis  and  San  Francisco  within  a  month,  accord- 
ing to  the  aimouncement  made  at  the  meeting  of  stockholders 
and  officers  at  Cincinnati  recently.  This  company  is  organized 
under  the  laws  of  Delaware  with  a  capital  of  $1,000,000  and 
will  operate  co-operative  wholesale  drug  houses  in  all  the 
large  cities  of  the  country,  these  to  be  modeled  upon  the  Cin- 
cinnati house.  There  are  more  than  700  druggist  members 
and  applications  are  going  in  at  the  rate  of  20  a  day.  Thirty 
cities  will  be  organized,  and  within  a  short  time  offices  have 
been  established  in  a  majority  of  the  cities  now  chosen.  In 
Des  Moines,  Louisville,  Memphis  and  St.  Louis  the  company's 
affairs  are  progressing  very  rapidly. 

Gustatory  Diplomacy  in  St.   Lotus The  value  of  a 

good  diimer  as  an  aid  to  diplomacy  is  shown  in  the  story 
recently  told  of  how  a  tense  situation  in  the  retail  drug  busi- 
ness of  St.  Louis  was  settled.  Something  like  an  incipient 
e-xplosion  wzis  threatened — ^just  whether  over  the  prices  or  not 
is  not  mentioned.  Several  uptown  druggists  and  several  down- 
town druggists,  according  to  the  story,  got  together  over  a 
little  dinner,  and  when  the  dinner  was  over  the  druggists 
were  calling  one  another  in  a  brotherly  way  by  their  first  names 
and  shaking  hands  in  a  manner  which  meant  that  the  relations 
were  more  cordial,  if  anything,  than  ever,  and  that  the  diffi- 
culties, threatened  or  feared,  as  the  case  may  have  been,  were 
no  longer  a  matter  of  concern. 

The  Waterloo  (la.)  Drug  Company  has  been  incorpo- 
rated with  $100,000  capital,  with  S.  Bruce  Galloway,  W.  H. 
Galloway,  John  Berg,  Judson  Laughlin  and  J.  F.  Mahedy  as 
the  first  board  of  directors.  S.  Bruce  Galloway  is  president ; 
Judson  Laughlin,  vice-president:  Wilbur  H.  Galloway,  secre- 
tary and  treasurer,  and  J.  F.  Mahedy,  general  manager.  The 
corporation  began  its  corporate  business  on  .\pril  1.  .According 
to  its  charter  it  will  manufacture,  buy,  sell,  exchange,  e-xport 
and  import  drugs,  patent  medicines,  chemicals,  corks  and  bottles, 
liquors,  perfumes,  soaps  and  toilet  articles,  cigars,  confection- 
ery, paints  and  oils,  and  other  such  articles  and  supplies  com- 
monly handled   by  a   wholesale  drug  house. 

—  Alvin  Geist,  of  .■Mlentown,  Pa.,  who  recently  purchased 
the  stock  of  the  City  drug  store  at  Sigfried,  Pa.,  is  making 
many  alterations  at  his  new  place  of  business.  The  store 
will  be  renovated  and  a  large  display  window,  the  width  of 
the  building,  will  be  added.  The  entrance  will  be  moved  to 
the  comer  of  the  building  and  there  will  be  a  new  floor,  dis- 
play shelves  and  show  cases.  A  large  marble  soda  foimtain 
will  also  be  installed.  Mr.  Geist,  who  has  been  a  resident  of 
AUentown  for  the  past  10  years,  is  a  graduate  of  the  Philadel- 
phia College  of  Pharmacy,  and  until  the  time  of  his  entering 
business  for  himself  was  employed  at  the  Kincaid  pharmacy  at 
Madison  and  Chew  streets.  Philadelphia. 

Employees   See   Themselves   in   Moving   Pictures 

During  the  Winter  months  at  the  laboratories  of  the  Lilly 
Company  the  lecture  room  in  the  Lilly  science  building  is 
thrown  open  once  a  week  to  the  men  employees  for  a  noon 
meeting.  These  gatherings  usually  take  the  form  of  a  short 
talk  by  some  well-known  local  speaker.  The  last  one  of  the 
Winter   season   had  attendance   record   "beaten   to   a   frazzle." 


IklAY,    191-i] 


THE    PHAR^LVCEUTICAL    ERA 


245 


The  occasion  for  the  S.R.O.  sign  was  the  Lilly  moving 
picture  exhibition  shown  for  the  benefit  of  the  employees. 
"To  see  ourselves  as  others  see  us,"  proved  to  be  a  most 
enjoyable   and   amusing  sight. 

The  Interstate  Remedy  Co.,  Farmer  street,  Detroit,  has 
been  forbidden  the  use  of  the  mails.  The  order  includes  the 
confiscation  by  the  Detroit  postoffice  department  of  all  mail 
to  the  addressee.  The  Detroit  company  was  put  on  the  plane 
of  other  such  concerns  proceeded  against  from  time  to  time 
by  the  Federal  authorities,  in  that  it  offered  to  cure  everything 
from  failing  memory  to  weak  back.  The  attorney-general 
says  that  few  of  the  letters  received  by  the  company  actually 
reached  a  physician,  but  are  sorted  over  by  clerks,  who  also 
se'ect  the  "remedies."  The  ailments  were  divided  into  two 
classes,  "kidney"  and  "nervous,"  and  only  those  that  puzzled 
the  clerks  went  to  "Dr.  A.  E.  Robinson."  The  investigators 
also  state  that  the  company  offered  to  sell  to  another  company 
"the  choicest  lot  of  debility  names  in  the  country,"  while  proof 
was  found  that  between  80,000  and  90,000  of  these  "confi- 
dential" letters  were  actually  sold.  Edward  O.  Hayes  was 
found  to  be  the  owner,  while  H.  F.  Coon  is  named  in  con- 
nection. The  authorities  say  that  a  fraud  order  was  issued 
against  the  Dr.  Knapp  Medical  Co.,  which  Jlr.  Hayes  con- 
ducted in  1904. 

The  Wartman  Drug'  Co.,  624  Delaware  avenue,  Mil- 
waukee, recently  filed  a  voluntary  petition  in  bankruptcy,  fol- 
lowing closely  upon  the  action  of  the  Government  in  closing 
the  postal  sub-station  conducted  in  the  store  for  years.  J.  F. 
Wartman,  head  of  the  concern,  died  suddenly  July  24,  1912. 
An  investigation  of  the  post-office  accounts  showed  that  the 
station  was  $2000  short,  according  to  the  post-office  inspector. 
Postal  authorities  took  possession  of  the  store,  Jan.  30,  in  an 
attempt  to  compensate  the  Government  for  the  loss.  The 
bankruptcy  petition  shows  liabilities  of  $10,895.82  and  assets 
of  $11,333.20. 

—  The  Des  Moines  Drug  Co.'s  New  Building  Open 

The  firm  operates  in  three  States,  Iowa,  Missouri  and  Min- 
nesota, and  carries  one  of  the  largest  stocks  of  any  drug 
jobbing  house  west  of  the  Mississippi,  utilizing  a  basement  and 
si-x  floors,  every  square  yard  of  which  is  used.  Lunch,  cloak 
and  rest  rooms  for  both  men  and  women  employees,  and 
modern  shipping  and  stock  rooms  are  among  the  features 
of  the  establishment  which  was  first  occupied  in  February. 
The  entire  building  is  equipped  with  automatic  sprinklers. 
and  every  modern  idea  has  been  utilized  in  equipment  and 
arrangement. 

The  Riker-Hegeman  Drug  Company  increased  its  sales 
16  per  cent,  for  the  first  half  of  .\pril,  as  compared  with  last 
year.  This  rate  of  increase  would  mean  close  to  $17,500,000 
for  the  full  year.  The  sales  for  1913  totaled  $15,000,000. 
However,  it  is  likely  that  the  gross  for  the  full  year  will  be 
sl'ghtly  below  this  amount,  although  possibly  over  $17,000,000. 
January  sales  increased  20  per  cent,  over  a  year  ago.  Incle- 
ment weather,  particularly  on  Saturdays,  hurt  sales  in  Feb- 
ruary and  March,  but  despite  this  handicap  the  company  was 
able  to  show  a  slight   increase   for  each   month. 

The  National  Cigar  Stands  Company,  a  United  Drug 
subsidiary,  has  incorporated  under  Massachusetts  laws,  with  an 
authorized  capital  of  $350,000,  comprising  1500  shares  of  pre- 
ferred stock,  and  2000  shares  of  common,  with  a  par  value  of 
$100.  The  entire  capital  stock  has  been  issued  for  stock  of 
the  National  Cigar  Stands  Company  of  New  Jersey.  The  2000 
shares  of  common  stock  were  exchanged  share  for  share,  while 
the  1500  shares  of  preferred  were  issued  in  exchange  for  3000 
shares  of  preferred  stock  of  the  New  Jersey  corporation,  which 
had  a  par  value  of  $50. 

—  Dr.  Herbert  F.  Palmer,  veterinary  representative  of 
the  H.  K.  Mulford  Company,  delivered  an  illustrated  lecture 
on  "Hog  Cholera"  at  the  last  meeting  of  the  Ohio  State 
Veterinary  Association,  and  the  Missouri  ^'aIley  Association. 
During  the  past  few  months  Dr.  Palmer  has  given  illustrated 
lectures  on  serums,  vaccines  and  bacterins  at  six  of  the  prin- 
cipal veterinary  colleges  in  the  United  States.  Dr.  Palmer 
will  deliver  a  series  of  lectures  and  conduct  examinations  on 
"First   Aid  to   .\nimals"    for   the   Boy   Scouts   of   Philadelphia. 

John  T.  Milliken  &  Co.,  of  St.  Louis,  manufacturing 
chemists,  this  Summer  will  erect  a  four-story  factorj-,  272  by 
130  feet,  at  northwest  comer  of  North  Market  street  and 
Leffingwell  avenue.    The  present  factory  is  at  316  Clark  avenue. 


The  new  building  is  to  be  of  reinforced  concrete,  with  metal 
window  sashes  and  glazed  terra  cotta  front.  Driveways  for 
loading  wagons  and  trucks  and  loading  platforms  will  be 
inside  of  the  building.  The  general  offices  will  be  on  the 
second   floor.     The  estimated  cost   is  $75,000. 

The  TJnited  Drug  Co.,  accordmg  to  W.  J.  Howell,  mana- 
ger of  the  St.  Louis  branch,  will  probably  build  a  manufac- 
turing plant  in  that  city  which  will  cost  $1,250,000  and  employ 
1000  men.  B.  T.  Wilkerson,  manager  of  the  stationery  de- 
partment of  the  company,  has  established  a  distributing  center 
in  Liverpool  and  an  office  in  Paris  for  the  European  market, 
and  this,  it  is  said,  makes  it  more  essential  than  ever  that 
a  manufacturing  plant  be  established  in  the  West  as  Boston 
will   be  the  center  for  the  export  trade. 

The  Schempf  Drug  Co.,  of  Watertown,  Wis.,  has  sold 
its  business  and  stock  to  two  former  Watertown  young  men, 
Erwin  T.  Bittner  and  Max  Tetzlaff,  who  will  conduct  the 
business  under  the  firm  name  of  the  Bittner  &  Tetzlaff  Co. 
Both  Mr.  Bittner  and  ilr.  Tetzlaff  have  been  engaged  in  the 
drug  business  in  Racine,  Wis.,  for  the  past  four  or  five  years. 
During  the  past  three  years  they  were  business  rivals,  serving 
as  managers  of  tli;  only  two  drug  stores  on  the  North  Side 
in  Racine. 

Shreveport,  La.,  is  to  have  a  large  wholesale  drug  house 
at  an  early  date  if  present  plans  materialize.  It  is  understood 
that  Robert  T.  Gibbs,  formerly  of  the  firm  of  Conger,  Kahn 
&  Gibbs,  and  now  representing  Meyer  Bros.,  of  St.  Louis,  will 
be  the  president  and  general  manager  of  the  new  concern,  and 
that  several  prominent  business  men  of  Shreveport  will  be 
associated  with  him. 

The  Cleerhed  Specialty  Co.  has  been  incorporated  in 
Green  Bay,  Wis.,  with  a  capital  stock  of  $100,000,  to  engage 
in  the  manufacture  of  an  olive  oil  la.xative  capsule.  The  busi- 
ness is  in  charge  of  R.  L.  McDonald,  who  recently  disposed 
of  his  drug  business  in  Green  Bay,  and '  is  now  secretary- 
treasurer  and  general  manager  of  the  new  manufacturing 
concern. 

The  Womack  &  Waldrum  Drug  Co.,  a  $100,000  cor- 
poration, has  been  chartered  in  Nashville,  Tenn.  The  new 
corporation  will  establish  and  maintain  a  chain  of  pharmacies 
in  all  sections  of  Nashville.  The  incorporators  are  Charles  R. 
Womack,  Jonas  Y.  Waldrum,  Will  G.  Harris,  Charles  L. 
Stephens  and  T.  J,  McMorrough. 

The  Michigan  Drug  Co.  is  contemplating  the  closing  of 
its  Saginaw  branch,  formerly  the  Valley  City  Drug  Co.,  and 
operating  its  entire  business  from  the  Detroit  headquarters. 
In  this  event  James  Smart,  Saginaw  manager,  will  be  given  an 
executive  position  in  the  local  offices,  and  all  Saginaw  em- 
ployees will  be  retained. 

—  J.  C.  Field  &  Son  have  opened  a  new  retail  store  at 
332  Park  avenue,  Plainfield,  N.  J.  F.  R.  Story,  who  is  a 
well-known  and  capable  pharmacist  of  Plainfield,  will  be  in 
charge.  Years  ago  Mr.  Field  was  engaged  in  the  drug  busi- 
ness at  Plainfield  with  L.  \\'.  Randolph,  and  is  also  a  regis- 
tered pharmacist. 

The  Texas  Rexall  Club  has  elected  the  following  officers: 
President,  A.  E.  Kiesling,  Houston;  1st  vice-president,  L.  C. 
Curlin,  Waxahachie;  2d  vice-president,  L.  Douthit,  Palestine; 
3d  vice-president,  B.  F.  Heuson,  Orange;  secretary  and  treas- 
urer, J.  W.  Covey.  Dallas  has  been  selected  as  the  1915  meet- 
ing place. 

The  Wilmington  (Del.)  Association  of  Retail  Drug- 
gists has  elected  the  following  officers:  President,  Oscar  C. 
Draper ;  secretary-.  W.  .-V.  Grant ;  treasurer,  James  T.  Chal- 
lenger, New  Castle;  executive  committee,  Lawrence  Sanders, 
R.  H.  Newsom,  Jliss  Nora  A'.  Brendie  and  \\".  L.  Jlorgan. 

Barclay  &  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  has  been  incorporated 
with  $3,000,000  capital  to  carry  on  the  business  of  chuggists, 
chemists  and  dealers  in  pharmaceutical  supplies  of  every  kind. 
The  incorporators  are  A\'illiam  H.  Hayward,  Henry  Essig,  Jr., 
and  Charles  F.  Clarke. 

George  Boundy,  pharmacist  at  the  Kellogg  drug  store  in 
Oconomowoc,  Wis.,  for  some  time,  has  opened  a  new  pharmacy 
at  Sullivan,  Wis.  Temporary  quarters  have  been  secured 
by  Mr.  Boimdy,  but  he  expects  to  locate  in  new  quarters  on 
July  1. 

The  Swanson  Rheumatic  Cure  Co.  has  removed  from 
Chicago  to  Newark,  Ohio. 


246 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  191  t 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  Is  a  STStematlc  home-study  coarse, 
deslened  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  Intended  especially  for  yoang  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  Into  ten  Parts  and  58  L«c- 
tnres;  it  can  be  completed  In  a  year  or  less,  dependinc  on  th* 
experience  of  the  Student;  Its  cost  Is  merely  nominaL  A  com- 
plete Prospectus  ess  be  had  by  addresslns 

Director,  Ek.\  Covkse  in  1'harmacy, 

c/o  D.  O.  Haynes  Sr  Co., 

No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 


Synthetic    Camphor    Again. 

Some  time  ago,  in  this  Department,  we  had  occasion  to 
point  out  the  difference  between  the  so-called  "artificial 
camphor,"  and  s>-nthetic  camphor.  A  number  of  inquiries 
have  arrived,  asking  us  to  make  clear  the  distinction  again. 
Artificial  camphor  is  not  camphor  at  all,  any  more  than 
artificial  flowers  are  real  flowers.  It  is  merely  a  substance 
that  looks  like  camphor,  and  smells  somewhat  like  it,  but 
chemically  speaking,  it  is  unrelated  to  it.  Artificial  camphor 
is  the  hydrochloride  of  pinene,  which  is  a  terpene  hydrocarbon 
and  the  principal  constituent  of  oil  of  turpentine,  it  contains 
no  o.v>-gen.  Synthetic  camphor,  on  the  other  hand,  is  real 
camphor.  It  is  chemically  the  same  substance  as  the  official 
camphor  of  the  U.S. P.,  the  chief  difference  being  that  it  is 
optically  inactive,  while  the  official  camphor  is  dextrogyrate, 
or  dextro-rotatory.  It  has  the  formula  CoH.sO,  and  is  a 
ketone.  The  synthetic  camphor  is  not  official,  as  the  U.S.P. 
states  that  camphor  comes  from  the  tree  Chmamomum  Cani- 
phora. 

Assayed  Tinctures  of  the  TI.S.P. 

In  addition  to  the  two  tinctures  containing  inorganic  sub- 
stances, those  of  ferric  chloride  and  iodine,  the  following  tinc- 
tures are  directed  to  be  assayed  by  the  U.S.P. :  Aconite,  bella- 
donna leaves,  cinchona,  colchicum  seed,  hydrastis,  hyoscyamus, 
nux  vomica,  opium,  deodorized  opium,  physostigma,  and  stra- 
monium;  thirteen   in  all. 

Tinctures   Prepared   by   Percolation. 

In  Part  V,  it  is  stated  that  the  usual  method  of  preparing 
tinctures  of  non-cellular  drugs  is  by  maceration,  since  these 
materials,  on  coming  in  contact  with  a  menstruum,  form 
sticky  masses  which  prevent  the  passage  of  any  liquid.  It 
was  also  pointed  out  that  in  some  cases  percolation,  especially 
when  preceded  by  maceration,  was  permissible.  These  excep- 
tional cases  may  be  thus  defined.  In  case  the  drug,  although 
non-cellular,  is  still  sufficiently  porous  to  allow  percolation, 
the  latter  process  may  be  used.  This  is  e.xemplified  in  the 
official  directions  for  preparing  the  tinctures  of  opium.  In 
other  cases,  if  a  cellular  drug  can  be  mixed  with  the  substance, 
percolation  is  possible.  Glycyrrhiza  is  the  cellular  drug  most 
commonly  employed  for  such  a  purpose,  but  purified  sawdust 
is  also  excellent,  and  very  cheap.  Another  substance  to  be 
added  to  make  the  mass  porous  is  clean  sand.  This  permits 
a  ready  descent  of  the  menstruum  through  the  drug,  and  does 
not  give  up  any  substances  to  the  percolate  which  in  any  way 
affect  its  taste,  color,  or  therapeutic  properties. 

Matriculation    Graduates  to  April  21,  1914.     Graduating 

Number.  Average. 

7501 — Edward  J.  Hargis,  Grand  Junction,   Colo..  96 

7583 — Kimbro  Pope,  Rockwood,  Tenn 96 

7633 — O.  J.  Lonibos,  New  Orleans,  La 92 

7835— Jas.  L.  Humble,   So.  Pittsburg,  Tenn 93 

7913 — Benjamin  H.  Rubin,  Chicago,  III 93 

8055 — James   A.  Bacon,   Harriman,   Tenn 92 

8205 — C.   H.   Brockmeyer,    Fredonia,   Ky 91 

Kind    Words    from    Our    Graduates. 

"I  am  more  than  satisfied  with  the  results  I  have  ob'ained 
from  the  Course." — O.  J.  LoxiEOS,  New  Orleans,  La. 

"I  have  derived  great  benefit  from  the  Course.  It  has  been 
both  a  help  and  a  pleasure  to  me,  and  I  want  to  extend  to 
you  my  hearty  thanks."— J.  L.  Humble,  So.  Pittsburg,  Tenn. 

".MIow   me   to   express   to  you   my   sincerest   thanks   for   the 


inestimable  good  your  Course  in  Pharmacy  has  done  for 
me." — John  C.  Kimble,  Wonlezuma,  Ga. 

"I  must  say  that  your  Course  is  more  than  you  claim  for  it. 
Every  pharmacist  should  review  his  work  at  some  time,  and 
this  Course  covers  it  all.  Many  thanks  for  your  promptness 
in  all  your  dealings." — C.  H.  Brockmeyer,   Fredonia,  Ky. 

"I  am  highly  pleased  with  the  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy. 
It  is  a  thorough  and  well  arranged  course  of  study,  and  takes 
the  student  over  the  ground  he  wishes  to  cover,  especially  if 
he  is  preparing  for  an  examination.  I  attribute  my  success  in 
passing  tlie  last  examination  of  the  Arkansas  Board  of  Phar- 
macy largely  to  my  careful  study  of  tlie  Course.  I  recommend 
it  highly  to  any  drug  clerk,  either  experienced  or  inexperi- 
enced."— Earl  D.  McGaughey,  Hartford,  Ark. 


SPEAKING    OF    PLIES. 


From  the  Poster  of  the  Idaho  State  Board  of  Health,  James  H. 
Wallis,  Commissioner. 

Flies  are  the  most  dangerous  insects  known  to  man. 

Flies  are  the  filthiest  of  all  vermin.  They  are  born  in  filth, 
live  on  filth  and  carry  filth  around  with  them.  They  are 
maggots  before  they  are  flies. 

Flies  are  known  to  be  carriers  of  millions  of  death-dealing 
disease  germs.  They  leave  some  of  these  germs  wherever  they 
alight. 

Flies  may  infect  the  food  you  eat.  They  come  to  your 
kitchen  or  to  your  dining  table,  fresh  from  the  privy  vault, 
from  the  garbage  box,  from  the  manure  pile,  from  the  cuspi- 
dor, from  decaying  animal  or  vegetable  matter,  or  from  the 
contagious  sick-room  with  this  sort  of  filth  on  their  feet  and 
in  their  bodies,  and  they  deposit  it  on  your  food,  and 
YOU  DO  swallow  filth  from  privy  vaults,  etc.,  if  you  eat  food 
that  has  come  in  contact  with  flies. 

Flies  may  infect  you  with  tuberculosis,  typhoid  fever,  scarlet 
fever,  diphtheria,  and  other  infectious  diseases.  They  have 
the  habit  of  feasting  on  tuberculosis  sputum  and  other  dis- 
charges of  those  sick  with  these  diseases,  and  then  go  direct 
to  your  food,  to  your  drink,  to  the  lips  of  your  sleeping  child, 
or  perhaps  to  a  small  open  wound  on  your  hands  or  face. 
When  germs  are  deposited  in  milk  they  multiply  very  fast ; 
therefore  milk  should  never  be  exposed  to  flies. 

Screen  your  windows  and  doors.  Do  it  early  before  fly  time 
and   keep  screens  up  until  snow  falls. 

Screen  all  food,  especially  milk.  Do  not  eat  food  that  has 
been  in  contact  with  flies. 

Screen  the  baby's  bed  and  keep  flies  away  from  the  baby's 
bottle,   the   baby's  food  and  the   baby's  "comforter." 

Keep  flies  away  from  the  sick,  especially  those  ill  with 
typhoid  fever,  scarlet  fever,  diphtheria  and  tuberculosis.  Screen 
the  patient's  bed.  Kill  every  fly  that  enters  the  sick-room. 
Immediately  disinfect  and  dispose  of  all  discharges. 

Catch  the  flies  as  fast  they  appear.  Use  liquid  poisons, 
sticky  fly  papers  and  traps. 

Place  either  of  these  fly  poisons  in  shallow  dishes  through- 
out the  house: 

(a)  Two  teaspoonfuls  of  formaldehyde  to  a  pint  of 
vrater,  or 

(b)  One  dram  of  bichromate  of  potash  dissolved  in 
two  ounces  of  water,  sweetened  with  plenty  of  sugar. 

To  quickly  clear  rooms  of  flies,  bum  pyrethrum  powder  or 
blow  powdered  black  flag  into  the  air  of  the  room  with  a 
powder  blower.  This  causes  flies  to  fall  to  the  floor  in 
sturmed  condition.  They  must  then  be  gathered  up  and  de- 
stroyed. 

Sprinkle  chloride  of  lime  or  kerosene  over  contents  of  privy 
vauUs  and  garbage  boxes.  Keep  garbage  receptacles  tightly 
covered,  clean  the  cans  every  day,  the  boxes  every  week.  Keep 
the  ground  around  garbage  boxes  clean. 

Sprinkle  chloride  of  lime  over  manure  piles,  old  paper,  old 
straw  and  other  refuse  of  like  nature.  Keep  manure  in  screened 
pit  or  vault  if  possible.  Manure  should  be  removed  at  least 
every  week. 

Pour  kerosene  into  the  drains.  Keep  sewerage  system  in 
good  order,  repair  all  leaks  immediately. 

Clean  cuspidors  every  day.  Keep  5  per  cent,  solution  of 
carbolic  acid  in  them  all  the  time.  Get  rid  of  sawdust  bo.xes 
used  as  cuspidors — destroy  them — they're  insanitary. 

Don't  allow  dirt  to  accumulate  in  corners,  behind  doors, 
back  of  radiators,   under  stoves,   etc. 


Mat,  1914] 


THE  phar:\la.ceutical  era 


247 


Brand  ^:    Co..  Ltd..   of   London  —  An   English   Firm   with   an  Interesting  History. 


WHEX  a  business  has  been  in  existence  lor  SO  years  and 
has  continued  steadily  to  increase  in  both  size  and 
importance  during  practically  the  whole  of  that  period, 
it  is  the  natural  inference  that  the  basis  of  the  business  and 
the  consequent  growth  is  something  which  possesses  genuine 
merit,  and  that  the  foundations  of  the  business  are  secure. 
This  can  be  said  truly  of  the  historical  English  house  of  Brand 
&  Co.,  manufacturers  of  specialties  for  invalids,  such  as 
essence  of  beef  and  essence  of  chicken,  these  two  products  in 
particular  being  known  in  all  sections  of  the  world.  A  rep- 
resentative of  the  Era  who  recently  visited  the  London  factory 

and    interviewed    the 

general  manager  was 
led  to  believe  from 
what  he  observed  that 
the  steady  progress  of 
the  past  eight  decades 
is  likely  to  continue, 
and  that  Brand's  spe- 
cialties will  be  as 
familiar  to  future  gen- 
erations as  they  are 
to  English  people  to- 
day. 

The  story  of  the 
beginning  of  the  house 
of  Brand  is  an  inter- 
esting one,  and  not 
without  a  spice  of 
romance.  In  the  days 
of  King  George  the 
Fourth  there  was  on 
the  staff  of  employees 
in  the  royal  kitchen  a 
man  by  the  name  of 
Brand  —  or,  to  give 
him  his  full  name, 
Henderson  William 
Brand.  It  is  on  rec- 
ord that  this  Brand 
was  not  only  a  clever 
cook  but  a  capable 
writer  as  well,  for  he 
was  the  author  of  a  -^''^  ^'?  Kitchen  at  Brand's  Where  Meat 
book,  published  in  1834,  entitled  "The  Complete  Jlodem 
Cook,"  which  was  a  compendium  of  kitchen  practice  and  of 
dinner-table  management.  Jlr.  Brand  was  the  founder  of  the 
business  of  which  we  are  writing,  and  was  led  into  manu- 
facture through  the  invention  of  his  sauce,  "Brand's  Al." 
Brand  was  somewhat  of  a  favorite  with  his  royal  patron,  to 
whom  the  advent  of  a  new  sauce  was  a  matter  of  no  little 
importance.  The  storj'  runs  that  when  Brand  offered  the 
sauce  for  the  first  time  for  the  approval  of  the  "first  gentleman 
in   Europe"   the   latter   at   once   pronounced   it  to   be   "Al." 

In  due  time  the  chef  left  the  royal  kitchens  and  became  in 
turn  chef  for  various  celebrated  gourmands  and  hosts,  includ- 
ing T.  W.  Coke,  of  Holkham  (the  "Coke  of  Norfolk,"  at  whose 
table  Charles  James  Fox  was  a  frequent  visitor),  and  after- 
wards to  Earl  Manvers;  then  to  His  Grace  the  Duke  of  Nor- 
folk; the  Marquis  of  Ailsa;  Lord  Rolle,  and  others.  At  a 
later  date — in  1S33 — ^he  determined  to  enter  into  business  on 
his  own  account. 

Accordingly,  in  that  year,  he  opened  premises  in  Mayfair, 
and  began  to  prepare  those  food  products,  the  perfection  of 
which  has  for  SO  years  been  uniformly  maintained.  It  appears 
that  the  business  began  to  flourish  from  the  very  beginning, 
and  in  an  issue  of  The  Times  of  1838  appeared  the  following 
advertisement : 

TO  TRAVELLERS  and  INn^ALIDS.— BRAND'S  CONCEN- 
TRATED  BEEF  TEA.  This  valuable  article  is  pronounced  by 
medical  gentlemen  to  be  a  highly  important  acquisition  to  persons 
of  delicate  constitution.  It  is  nutritious,  strengthening,  and  free 
from  all  fat,  spice,  and  vegetable  substance.  Any  quantity  can  be 
made  ready  for  use  in  a  few  minutes  by  the  simple  aid  of  boiling 
water.  Warranted  to  keep  in  any  climate.  Prepared  by  H.  W. 
Brand,  (from  the  kitchen  of  His  Majesty  George  IV.,)  11,  Little 
Stanhope-street,  Mayfiar.  N.B.  Food  prepared  for  invalids  accord- 
ing to  medical  prescription.  Preserved  fresh  provisions,  warranted 
to  keep   in  all   climates   until   required   for  use. 


The  firms  which  advertised  in  The  Times  over  70  years  ago 
and  are  flourishing  today  are  comparatively  few  in  number 
and  the  copy  of  an  old  advertisement  is  therefore  not  without 
interest. 

Twenty-seven  years  ago  the  business  had  grown  to  such 
proportions  that  the  factory  in  Mayfair  was  not  large  enough 
to  cope  W'ith  the  orders.  It  became  necessary  to  find  a  suita- 
ble site  for  the  erection  of  premises  on  a  much  vaster  scale 
and  the  site  on  which  the  present  establishment  stands  was 
selected.  This  is  situated  in  historical  surroundings  in 
A'auxhall  in  close  proximity  to  the  river  Thames  and  only  a 

few  minutes'  tram  ride 
from  Westminster  •■Vb- 
bey  and  the  Houses 
of  Parliament,  and 
within  a  few  minutes' 
walk  of  Lambeth 
Palace,  the  residence 
of  the  Bishop  of  Lon- 
don. 

.\  tour  through  the 
buildings  is  both  in- 
structive and  inter- 
citing.  One  is  espe- 
cially struck  by  the 
spaciousness,  loftiness 
and  airiness  of  the 
various  departments. 
The  great  "kitchen," 
the  vast  hall  in  which, 
at  the  time  of  your 
representative's  visit, 
the  "cooks"  were  at 
work  car\'ing  the  fin- 
est meat  procurable 
and  transferring  it  to 
huge  steam-jacketted 
"coppers"  in  which 
the  processes  of  ex- 
traction are  carried 
on,  is  a  model  of 
cleanliness.  It  is  shown 
in  the  illustration 
Juices  and  Concentrates  are  prepared.        herewith 

Here  was  seen  an  army  of  white-aproned,  white-capped 
cooks  busily  engaged  in  carrying  out  their  several  duties.  A 
large  section  of  this  gargantuan  kitchen  is  devoted  to  the  pro- 
duction of  Brand's  Essence  which  consists  solely  of  the  juice 
of  the  finest  British  beef  extracted  by  a  gentle  heat  without 
the  addition  of  water  or  any  other  substance.  It  has  been 
introduced  into  medical  practice  as  a  stimulant  after  loss  of 
blood  from  any  cause,  and  in  cases  of  nervous  exhaustion  and 
enfeebled  digestion.  It  is  liquid  in  warm  weather,  but  in  cold 
weather  or  when  iced  it  takes  a  jelly  form,  in  which  state 
it  is  usually  preferred. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  British  Medical  Association  at  To- 
ronto in  1906,  Sir  Victor  Horsley,  F.R.C.S.,  F.R.S.,  one 
of  the  most  famous  among  English  surgeons,  made  the  fol- 
lowing obser\'ation  in  the  course  of  an  address  on  stirgery: 
"-•^s  regards  cardiac  stimulation,  that  has  always  seemed  to  me 
to  be  a  clinical  error.  The  heart  does  not  require  accelerating 
as  a  rule,  but  does  require  feeding.  Undoubtedly,  re- 
peated enemata  (every  two  hours)  of  four  ounces  of  beef  tea 
in  which  is  dissolved  Brand's  Essence  or  pancreatized  milk 
is  the  readiest  means,  etc." 

Another  concentrated  form  of  food  prepared  in  Brand's 
"kitchen"  is  Brand's  Beef  Tea.  This  is  the  original  prepa- 
ration referred  to  in  Tlie  Times  advertisement  quoted  above; 
it  may  be  obtained  either  in  bottles,  when  it  is  known  as 
home-made  beef  tea,  or  in  a  concentrated  form,  put  up  in 
skins  and  metal  cases.  Brand's  concentrated  beef  tea  is  in 
a  stiff  jelly  and  can  be  taken  cold  or  dissolved  in  the  mouth 
if  no  means  of  obtaining  hot  water  are  available.  It  is  stated 
that  missionaries,  explorers,  ship  captains,  and  others  whose 
supply  of  medical  comforts  have  run  low,  have  often  been 
known  to  barter  almost  everything  for  a  few  bottles  of  Brand. 
Another  preparation  which  appeals  to  the  traveler  and  the 
medical  maui  is  Brand's  meat  juice.     This  is  obtained   from 


245 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[JLvY,  1914 


prime  beef  by  submitting  it  to  pressure  in  the  cold.  Another 
product  consists  of  the  "Savoury  meat  lozenges"'  which  have 
been  described  as  "A  whole  meal  in  a  waistcoat  pocket." 

The  firm  has   been   the  recipient  of  many   awards   for   the 
excellence  of  their  products  as  the  following  list  shows:    First 
Order  of  Merit,  Adelaide,   1SS7;  Gold  Cross  of  Honour,  Am- 
sterdam.    1595;    Gold    Medals:    Universal    Exhibition,    Paris, 
ISSO;    Vienna.    ISOl ;    Sp.i    (Belgium),    1891;    London,    1S92 
Douglas   (Isle  of  Man1.   1SP2;   Lincoln,   1892;   Dublin,   1892 
Geneva,    ISPo;    Brussels,   1893;   Hanover,    1893;   Truro,   1893 
Antwerp,   1894;   London,   1894;  London,   1895;  Belfast,   1895 
Amsterdam.   1895;   Wiesbaden,   1896;   London,   1896;  Brussels, 
189":    International   Paris,    1900;    Medical    Congress    (Buenos 
.\yres),  1904;  Temperance  and  Caterers,  London,  1905;   Cape 
Town.    1905;    London,    1906;    Liverpool,    1906.      Grand   Prix, 
Milan,    1906;    Crjstal    Palace,    1906.      Silver   Medals;     Paris, 
187S;    International   Health    Exhibition,    1884;    Jledical    Con- 
gress  (Rome),  1894;  Medical  Congress  (Naples),   1895;  Des- 
sau. 1901.    Diploma  and  Bronze  Medal:    Toronto  and  Ottawa, 
1S9S.     Diploma  of  Honour:    Food  and  Cooker>-,  Imperial  In- 
stitute.  1899;   Royal  Horticultural  Hall,   1906;   Madrid,    1907. 
Messrs.  Brand  also  hold  various  royal  "appointments." 

Enough  has  been  written  to  give  readers  some  idea  of  the 
importance  of  the  historic  house  of  Brand.  The  chairman  of 
directors  is  Thomas  Dence  and  the  managing  director  is 
A.  H.  Dence.     E.  Fougera  &  Co.,  Inc.,  are  the  U.S.  agents. 


One  Stropper  for  All  the  Razors  in  the  Family. 
.\   stropper   upon   whicli   all   "the   boys"    in    the   family   may 
strop  their  various  safety  razor   blades 
and    which    may    be    used    with    equal 
facility  by  "Grandpap"  to  sharpen  his 
old-fashioned  razor,   would  seem  to  be 
the     Universal 
Stropper.    manu- 
factured by  Her- 
maim     Boker     & 
Company,      101- 
103  Duane  street. 
A     few     of    the 

strops  on  the  market  may  be  adapted 
to  stropping  more  than  one  make  of 
safety  razor  blades,  but  none  of  these 
may  be  used  by  all  the  men  in  a  family — 
unless  all  the  men  use  one  make  of 
razor.  An  Er.\  representative  witnessed 
a  demonstration  of  the  Universal  and 
to  his  own  satisfaction  saw  several 
standard  safety  razor  blades  and  an  old- 
fashioned  razor  stropped.  The  manu- 
facturers claim  that  this  stropper  will 
strop  all  the  different  standard  styles  of 
safety  razor  blades,  and  any  style,  size, 
width  or  make  of  the  old-st>le  razors, 
giving  to  each  a  keen,  smooth,  shaving 
edge.  Particulars  concerning  this  strop- 
per— its  construction,  the  grade  of  horse- 
hide,  etc. — are  presented  in  their  adver- 
tisement on  another  page.  An  auxiliary 
holder  is  utilized  to  hold  blades  of  the 
thin  or  wafer  type.  All  other  blades 
do  not  require  this  holder. 


Money  in  a  Camera  Department. 
The  Seneca  Camera  Mfg.  Co.  has  adopted  a.  plan  which 
should  be  of  great  help  to  any  druggist  who  wishes  to  start 
a  camera  department.  .As  it  is  impossible  for  their  traveling 
men  to  call  upon  all  the  trade  wishing  to  put  in  Seneca 
cameras  as  a  side  line,  and  as  selecting  from  a  catalogue  is 
rather  difficult  in  the  case  of  a  new  line,  this  company  has 
prepared  a  leaflet  showing  a  number  of  representative  assort- 
ments which  not  only  answer  the  requirements  of  the  dealer 
just  setting  up  in  business,  but  when  augmented  by  the  adver- 
tising pictures,  catalogues,  display  cards  and  booklets  (which 
are  sent  without  charge)  make  a  dignified  and  impressive 
showing.  Each  of  these  assortments  is  arranged  with  expert 
care  and  will  fill  every  want  in  a  camera  department,  omitting 
nothing  that  an  amateur  and  many  regular  photographers  would 
call  for.  .\s  the  sales  are  made  it  is  not  necessary  to  re-order 
goods  in  large  quantities.     A  dealer  can  order  just  enough  to 


keep  the  assortment  complete,  and  get  the  same  discount  as  on 
the  original  order.  No  technical  knowledge  is  necessary  to- 
successfully  sell  Seneca  products.  It  is  just  an  ordinary  mer- 
chandising proposition.  Seneca  cameras  are  so  simple  and 
easy  to  manipulate  that  their  workings  are  understood  at  a 
glance  and  the  books  sent  with  each  instrument  clearly  explain 
to  the  beginner  each  step  in  the  art  of  picture  making.  This 
company  claims  tliat  their  dealers  have  proved  that  without 
adding  a  penny  to  overhead  expenses,  without  making  any 
big  additional  investment,  a  Seneca  department  has  handsomely 
increased  the  volume  of  business  done  by  their  store.  The 
booklet  may  be  obtained  on  request  from  the  Seneca  Camera 
Mfg.   Co.,  Rochester,  N.  V. 


Universal  Poison   Guard. 

The  cut  herewith  shows  a  new  poison  bottle  safeguard  that 
has  recently  been  patented.  It  consists  of  a  gummed  band 
which  goes  around  the  neck  of  the  bottle  underneath  the  lip, 
and  a  wire  loop 
which  is  put  over 
the  cork.  The 
gummed  band 
sticks  around  .he 
neck  like  a  label, 
and  to  remove 
the  cork  a  slighl 
pull  detaches  the 
wire  loop,  which, 
springs  back  into 
shape  when  re- 
leased. 

This  device 
seems  to  answer 
the  purpose  for 
which  it  is  intended;  it  is  inexpensive,  and  its  use  would  be 
sn  additional  protection,  as  the  cork  carmot  be  removed  until 
the  wire  loop  is  pushed  back  from  its  normal  position.  The 
ovvTier  of  this  device  is  John  W.  Mackay,  181  14th  street, 
Portland,  Ore.,  who  also  owns  the  patent,  and  he  would  like 
to  hear  from  manufacturers  who  would  be  interested  in  its 
manufacture  and  sale. 


Protection  Against  Mercury  Poisoning. 
Many  attempts  are  being  made  to  do  away  with  cases  of 
accidental  poisoning  by  the  inadvertent  use  of  bichloride  of 
mercury  tablets,  due  in  the  majority  of  instances  to  the  fact 
that  in  the  dark  or  to  a  child  all  tablets  are  verv'  much  alike. 
To  safeguard  the  public  from  such  accidents  the  Wm.  S. 
Merrell  Chemical  Company,  of  Cincinnati,  has  developed  a 
new  form  of  bichloride  of  mercury  carrier  in  the  shape  of 
oblong  pieces  of  porous  paper,  about  two  by  four  inches  in 
size,  in  which  has  been  absorbed  the  corrosive  sublimate  neces- 
sary to  make  a  solution  of  the  same  strength  as  that  obtained 
from  the  ordinary-  bichloride  tablets.  These  Antiseptic  Leaves 
are  printed  with  complete  information  as  to  the  contents  and' 
method  of  preparing  the  solution,  and  as  they  cannot  be  eaten 
or  mistaken  for  candy,  lozenges,  tablets  or  any  other  form  of 
internal  medication  are  perfectly  safe  in  use.  These  leaves, 
are  put  up  in  convenient  packages  of  25,  wrapped  in  self- 
sealing  waterproof  paper,  and  enclosed  in  a  carton  with  full 
information. 


Window  Display  Competition. 

In  order  to  increase  the  interest  of  the  general  public  in  the 
use  of  disinfectants  in  their  homes,  and  at  the  same  time  to 
assist  the  dealers  in  disposing  of  their  goods,  Piatt's  Chlorides 
are  offering  a  series  of  cash  prizes  for  the  best  window  display 
showing  the  application  of  odorless  disinfectants  for  household 
and  sick-room  uses.  This  is  the  time  of  the  year  when  it 
pays  the  druggist  to  feature  these  goods,  and  those  druggists 
who  desire  to  participate  in  this  competition  ought  to  send 
at  once  to  Henrj-  B.  Piatt,  42  Cliff  street.  New  York,  for 
circulars  giving  particulars  as  to  this  contest. 


K.   K.    Shuman  Heads   Own  Agency. 

R.  R.  Shuman.  of  Chicago,  announces  that  the  partnership 
which  has  existed  since  March  1,  1913.  under  the  name  of  the 
Shuman-Booth  Company,  was  dissolved  -\pril  13.  Mr.  Shuman 
buying  out  the  interest  of  Carl  H.  Booth  in  the  partnership. 
Mr.    Booth   has  retired   to   become   the  vice-president   of   the 


Mat,  1914] 


THE    PHAE:^L\CEUTICAL    ERA 


249 


Metallurgic  Engineering  Co.,  of  Chicago,  patentees  and  build- 
ers of  electrical  melting  furnaces.  Mr.  Shuman  has  organized 
a  stock  company  with  520,000  capital  to  carrj'  on  the  business 
under  the  name  of  the  Shuman  Advertising  Co.,  with  head- 
quarters at  620  Westminster  build  ng.  Chicago.  The  old 
organization  will  remain  intact,  and  with  the  increased  capital 
which  this  move  gives  it  is  expected  to  play  a  sti.l  larger  part 
than  heretofore  in  trade  and  technical  journal  advertising,  as 
•well  as   in  carrying  on  a   general  advertising  agency   business. 


priate  display  in  any  size  window  they  desire  to  use.  Trans- 
portation charges  will  be  prepaid.  In  writing  please  give 
size  of  window,   and  mention  the  Era. 


VANADIUM  KUBBER  A   NEW   DISCOVERY. 


After  25  years  of  almost  continual  experiment,  J.  EUwood 
X*e,  of  Conshohocken,  Pa.,  jinnounced  a  discovery  which  he 
-claimed  would  revolutionize  the  rubber  industry — the  produc- 
tion of  vanadium  rubber. 

While  possessing  certain  qualities  of  resilience  and  plasticity 
found  in  no  other  material,  even  the  best  grades  of  rubber 
possess  characteristic  defects  that  interfere  materially  with 
satisfactory  service.  Deteriorating  rapidly  with  age,  rotting 
on  contact  with  oil,  easily  ruptured  by  impact  from  rough 
or  jagged  surfaces — it  has  come  to  be  generally  recognized 
that  rubber  goods  must  needs  be  of  recent  manufacture,  and 
frequent   replacements   are   expected,   as  a   matter  of   course. 

Following  the  discovery  that  many  materials,  particularly  in 
the  metal  field,  could  be  greatly  toughened  by  the  addition 
of  certain  ingredients  at  the  time  of  their  manufacture,  the 
same  line   of  reasoning   was   applied   to  rubber. 

The  use  of  vanadium  in  steel,  with  resulting  toughness, 
resilience  and  resistance  to  stress  and  strain  led  to  the  con- 
sideration of  this  metal  for  use  with  rubber,  and  in  July,  1912, 
experimentation  began  in  the  laboratories  of  the  Lee  Tire  & 
Rubber  Co.,  at  Conshohocken.  The  first  successful  experi- 
ments were  concluded  a  year  later,  in  July,  1913,  and  in  Sep- 
tember of  the  same  year  the  investigators  felt  assured  of  the 
practicability  of  the  new  compoimd. 

.\ccording  to  an  official  announcement  from  the  manufac- 
turers : 

"The  relative  strength  of  vanadium  rubber,  as  compared 
with  the  best  grades  of  rubber  produced  by  ordinary  processes, 
was  shown  by  a  series  of  tests,  which  determined  the  fact  that 
the  best  grades  of  Para,  untreated  with  vanadium,  reached  the 
breaking  point  at  876  pounds  the  square  inch,  while  vanadium 
rubber  resisted  breaking  until  a  pressure  of  1800  pounds  per 
square  inch  had  been  applied — thus  exhibiting  more  than 
-double  the  tensile  strength  of  ordinary  rubber. 

"The  first  set  of  automobile  tires  produced  from  vanadium 
rubber  were  placed  upon  a  large  touring  car  devoted  to  the 
personal  use  of  Mr.  Lee,  in  July,  1913.  During  the  months 
that  followed  they  were  subjected  to  a  daily  gruelling  over 
rough  country  roads  until  each  of  the  four  tires  had  rendered 
more  than  twice  the  mileage  ever  received  before  on  the  same 
car  from  the  most  expensive  tires  made.  They  were  then 
removed,  are  at  present  open  to  inspection  and  appear  to  be 
still  in  a  condition  to  give  many  more  hundreds  of  miles  uf 
-service." 

It  is  claimed  that  the  new  product  almost  turns  the  edge  of 
a  knife;  that  it  is  practically  oil  proof,  and  that  by  the  use  of 
laiger  or  smaller  amounts  of  vanadium  with  the  crude  rubber  a 
standardization  of  \-ulcanization  time  and  of  uniformity  of 
•product  can  be  assured. 


Rebo  Roach  Destroyer. 
This  preparation,  which  has  been  on  the  market  for  the 
T>ast  20  years,  is  now  being  advertised  through  the  drug  trade, 
and  the  proprietor  is  desirous  of  hearing  from  druggists  who 
are  interested  in  the  sale  of  insecticides.  This  product  is  put 
up  in  two  sizes  in  attractive  sift-top  boxes,  and  retails  at  10 
■cents  and  25  cents,  and  the  proprietor  has  a  special  introduc- 
tory proposition  which  he  is  making  to  druggists  at  this  time. 
He  requests  druggists  to  write  for  his  special  offer.  The 
address  is  Jos.  Ober,   118  E.  28th  street.  New  York. 


Wrigley's  Spearmint. 
Wm.  Wrigley,  Jr.,  Company,  1206  Kesner  building.  Chicago, 
will  be  glad  to  furnish  window  displays  to  those  dealers  who 
desire  to  co-operate  in  increasing  their  sales  of  Wrigley's 
Spearmint.  Druggists  and  confectioners  who  wish  to  keep 
their  windows  fresh  and  attractive,  can  secure  a  handsome 
lithographed  trim  with   additional   matter   to   make   an   appro- 


A  Cork  Gauge  Sent  Free. 
The  -\rmstrong  Cork  Company,  makers  of  the  Circle  .-V  and 
Circle  B  corks  and  of  .\rmstrongs  Household  corks,  have  per- 
fected a  new  cork  gauge  in  handy  form  which  they  are  mailing 
to  retail  druggists  on  request.  The  Circle  .\  and  Circle  B 
corks  are  well  known  to  druggists  everywhere,  while  the  House- 
hold corks  come  in  cartons  each  holding  three  dozen  10-cent 
packages.     See  their  advertisement   for   further  details. 


INCREASING   USE    OF   GLYCERIN    IN   ARTS. 


W.\SHrNGTO>",  .April  21. — Imports  of  glycerin  into  the  United 
States  during  the  last  calendar  year  amounted  to  38,000,000 
pounds,  compared  with  30,000,000  in  1912;  while  the  domestic 
production,  all  of  which  is  consumed  in  the  country,  more  than 
doubled  in  a  decade,  rising  from  15,000,000  pounds  to  1900 
to  35,000,000  in  1910. 

Glycerin,  for  many  years  treated  as  a  waste  product  in  the 
manufacture  of  soaps  and  candles,  is  now  commercially  im- 
portant by  reason  of  its  wide  application  in  the  arts  and 
industries.  Domestic  production  has  never  been  sufficient  to 
meet  the  home  demand,  and  during  the  last  10  years  fully  350,- 
000,000  pounds  have  been  imported  from  foreign  coimtries 
Last  year,  according  to  official  statistics  of  the  Bureau  of 
Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce,  Department  of  Commerce. 
we  imported  10,000,000  pounds  of  glycerin  from  England 
9,000,000  from  France,  4,000,000  from  Belgium,  and  1,500,000 
potinds  each  from  the  Netherlands,  Russia,  Spain,  and  Italy, 
these  countries  being  important  manufacturers  of  soaps.  The 
remaining  imports  were  chiefly  from  Canada,  1,000,000  pounds; 
aiexico,  500,000,  and  Cuba,  250,000. 

This  glycerin,  on  being  imported,  is  transported  to  the  centers 
of  those  industries  in  which  it  is  used.  Last  year,  for  example, 
13,000,000  pounds  were  imported  at  New  York,  10,000,000  at 
Philadelphia,  4,000,000  at  Wilmington,  Del.,  4,000,000  at 
Omaha,  1,500,000  at  Cleveland,  and  133,333  at  Chicago. 
Our  Eastern  cities  use  large  quantities  of  glycerin  in  the 
pieparation  of  medicines,  aniline  colors,  formic  acid,  and  copy- 
ing inks.  Our  canning  and  packing-house  centers  find  it  of 
\-alue  in  the  preparation  of  preser\'atives  for  meats  and  other 
food  products.  Soap  factories  refine  considerable  quantities 
of  glycerin  and  reincorporate  it  by  mechanical  admixture  with 
soap,  thus  producing  the  glycerin  soaps  of  commerce.  A  large 
proportion  of  the  imports  and  domestic  product  was  used  at 
Wilmington,  Del.,  in  the  manufacture  of  explosives;  vast 
quantities  of  draamite,  derived  from  nitroglycerin,  having 
been  required  in  connection  with  excavation  work  on  the 
Panama  Canal.  Over  24,000,000  pounds  of  nitroglycerin, 
valued  at  $3,129,665,  were  used  in  the  manufacture  of  explo- 
sives in  1905,  and  a  somewhat  larger  quantity  in  1910. 

Discovered  in  1779,  it  was  not  until  1847  that  glycerin  was 
first  made  in  the  United  States,  and  in  1850  only  150  pounds 
were  produced.  Six  years  later  it  was  still  comparatively  rare 
and- selling  at  $1.75  per  pound,  while  today  it  is  an  article  of 
household  necessity,  with  an  average  wholesale  price  of  less 
than    15   cents   per   pound   at   the   foreign   points   of   shipment. 


Production  and  Use  of  Denatured  Alcohol. 
Germany  now  uses  between  forty  and  fifty  million  gallons 
of  denatured  alcohol  a  year,  of  which  over  thirty  million  gal- 
lons are  sold  to  the  general  public  for  burning  purposes.  The 
importance  of  this  fuel  in  Germany  may  be  appreciated  when 
it  is  considered  that  France  uses  about  eighteen  million  gallons, 
the  United  States  about  ten  million  gallons,  and  the  United 
Kingdom  only  four  million  gallons,  according  to  a  monograph 
by  Charles  A.  Crampton.  commercial  agent  of  the  Department 
of  Commerce,  recently  issued  by  the  Bureau  of  Foreign  and 
Domestic  Commerce.  Denatured  alcohol  is  not  only  gaining 
in  favor  for  general  burning  purposes,  but  a  determined  effort 
is  being  made  to  find  a  way  of  using  it  as  a  motor  fuel  in 
place  of  the  high-priced  gasoline.  .•Ml  the  recent  developments 
are  dealt  with  in  the  new  monograph,  which  is  entitled  "Pro- 
duction and  Use  of  Denatured  .Alcohol  in  Principal  Countries" 
(Special  .Agents  Series  iN'o.  77).  Copies  at  five  cents  each 
may  be  had  from  the  Superintendent  of  Documents,  Govern- 
ment  Printing  Office,   Washington,   D.   C. 


250 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[May,  1914 


Hudnut's  Pharmacy  Sold. 

The  stock  and  fixtures  of  the  Hudnut  Pharmacy.  925  Broad- 
way, near  21st  street,  Manliattan,  valued  at  $50,000,  were  sold 
at  auction  on  April  23.  It  is  understood  that  Richard  Hudnut 
haj  been  looking  for  an  opportune  time  to  retire  from  the  retail 
drug  business,  and  that  the  above  action  is  the  result  of  his 
desire.  The  wholesale  and  manufacturing  business  will  con- 
tinue undisturbed  at  115-117  East  29th  street.  The  Richard 
Hudnut  perfumes  and  toilet  specialties  are  a  well-known  line 
in  the  trade. 

The  original  Hudnut  Pharmacy,  first  established  in  1855  by 
Ale-xander  Hudnut,  the  father  of  Richard  Hudnut,  and  later 
moved  to  205  Broadway,  New  York,  was  at  one  time  the  "hang 
out"  for  the  city's  and  nation's  famous  men.  The  proprietor 
was  locally  known  as  the  official  "unofficial"  weather  recorder 
of  New  York.  In  1890  Ale.xander  Hudnut,  upon  the  indication 
of  failing  health,  sold  the  business  to  H.  L.  Cutter,  who  had 
been  associated  with  him  in  business,  for  $200,000.  It  soon 
passed  into  other  hands,  and  in  1902  was  assimilated  by 
Hegeman  &  Co.,  200  Broadway.  The  pharmacy  operated  by 
Richard  Hudnut  at  925  Broadway  was  also  well  known,  and 
was  one  of  the  landmarks  of  the  metropolitan  district. 


the  homestead  by  will  to  two  nephews,  Samuel  J.  Tilden, 
president  of  the  Tilden  Company,  New  Lebanon,  who  died 
within  a  short  time,  and  George  H.  Tilden,  of  Pittsfield.  The 
loss  is  about  $5000. 


]Sissouri  Division,  Bexall  Dealers. 
Missouri  division  of  the  International  .Association  of  Rexall 
Dealers  of  the  United  Drug  Company,  will  give  away  500,000 
fly  swatters,  it  was  decided  at  the  convention  at  the  Planters 
Hotel.  The  plan  was  suggested  by  W.  J.  Howell,  manager 
of  the  St.  Louis  United  Drug  branch.  The  convention  decided 
to  install  sanitary  paper  cups  at  soda  fountains  in  the  stores 
of  the  delegates.  B.  T.  Wilkerson,  representing  the  Boston 
office,  said  that  if  a  factory  were  located  in  St.  Louis  it  would 
mean  an  e-xpenditure  of  more  than  $1,000,000.  These  officers 
of  the  Missouri  division  were  elected :  E.  J.  O'Rear,  Mary- 
ville,  president;  F.  G.  Funk,  Festus,  1st  vice-president;  J.  H. 
Clifton,  Webster  Groves,  2d  vice-president;  J.  B.  Smith,  Car- 
rollton,  secretary  and  treasurer.  The  next  meeting  will  be 
held  at  Kansas  City  in  October.  J.  C.  McCormick,  treasurer, 
Boston;  Mr.  Wilkerson  and  W.  M.  Federman,  of  Kansas  City, 
were  among  those  present  at  the  semi-annual  convention.  The 
convention  closed  with  a  banquet  at  the  Planters  Hotel  with 
plates  for  200. 


nilnois  I.P.A.  and  I.P.T.A. 

Secretary  Cornish,  of  the  Illinois  Pharmaceutical  Travelers' 
.Association,  writes  us  that  as  the  time  for  the  annual  con- 
vention nears,  the  indications  of  a  banner  attendance  are  pro- 
nounced. At  the  Spring  meeting  and  banquet  which  took  place 
at  Hotel  Sherman,  Chicago,  on  April  4th,  much  enthusiasm 
was  displayed  by  the  travelers  and  the  reports  were  that 
numerous  down-State  druggists  would  make  the  trip  by  auto- 
mobiles. There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  retail  druggist  is  by 
reaso".  of  his  profession  a  much  confined  person  and  he  is  just 
beginning  to  realize  that  an  outing  like  "The  Week  End  at 
Fox  Lake"  will  add  renewed  vigor  for  the  hot,  trying  Summer 
months  to  come.  This  t.P.A.  and  I.P.T.A.  Convention 
takes  place  at  Mineola  Hotel,  Fox  Lake,  III.,  on  June  11,  12 
and  13. 


Pickard-Dean  Co.  Open  for  Business. 
With  new  fixtures,  new  stock,  new  and  much  larger  soda 
fountain,  the  Pickard-Dean  Drug  Company,  No.  124  Peachtree 
street,  Atlanta,  Ga,,  is  open  for  business,  the  opening  day  being 
Saturday,  April  19.  This  company  had  been  in  business  only 
a  few  months  when  the  entire  stock  was  destroyed  by  fire,  and 
no  concern  in  .Atlanta  or  elsewhere  had  made  such  a  business 
record  in  such  a  short  time  as  had  the  Pickard-Dean  Drug 
Company.  At  the  opening  carnations  were  given  the  ladies 
who  visited  the  store,  and  with  each  purchase  a  small  box  of 
candy  or  a  small  box  containing  four  toilet  articles  (Soul  Kiss) 
was  given. 


Tilden's  Birthplace  Bums. 
The  little  white  house  opposite  the  church  at  New  Lebanon, 
N.  Y^  built  in  1789  by  Elam  Tilden,  the  one  in  which  his 
sen,  Samuel  J.  Tilden,  was  bom  100  years  ago  last  February, 
was  burned  recently,  probably  by  an  incendiary.  The  house 
was  occupied  by  a  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Harold  Bjerke  and  the  lattcr's 
mother.  They  were  awakened  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ross  Rider, 
neighbors,  and  escaped  in  their  niglit  clothes.     Gov.  Tilden  !cf; 


Virginia  Bexall  Club. 
Following  a  two  days'  session  at  the  Jefferson  Hotel,  Rich- 
mond, \'a.,  the  \'irginia  Rexall  Club  elected  these  officers  and 
committees:  President,  Gilpen  Willson,  Staunton,  Va. ;  1st 
vice-president,  .A.  Tyler  Hull,  Hampton,  Va.;  2d  vice-president, 
John  Rcilley,  Harrisonburg,  Ya..;  id  vice-president,  E.  C. 
Hamner,  Lynchburg,  \'a.;  secretary  and  treasurer,  Floyd  Black, 
Pocahontas,  \'a.  The  next  meeting  will  be  in  March  at 
Staunton,  \'a.,  on  the  second  Wednesday  and  Thursday. 


NE-W   INCORPORATIONS. 


David  Laboratories,  New  York,  manufacture  and  deal  in  drugs  and 

chemicals;   capital,    $100,000;    incorporators,    V.    M.    Bovie,    G.    S. 

Mulligan,  D.  E.  Ushkow. 
Santame    Remedies    Co.,    Wilmington,    Delaware;    capital,   $1,000,000; 

to  manufacture  and  deal  in  drugs  and  chemicals;   incorporators, 

Charles  B.   Bishop,  Clarence  J.  Jacobs,  Harry  W.  Davis,  all  of 

Wilmington. 
Ele-Kem  Co.,  Chicago;  $15,000;  incorporators,  John  J.  Schayer,  Louis 

Scnulte  and  Max   W.    Zabel. 
Polk  Miller  Drug  Co.,  Inc.,   Richmond,  Va. ;  capital  increased  from 

$50,000  to  575,000;  W.   Withers  Miller,  president;  W.   H.   Miller, 

secretary,   both   of   Richmond. 
John   L.    Stevenson   Drug   Co.,    Ennis,  Texas;   capital,   $5000;   incor- 
porators,   John    L.     Stevenson,    John    M.    Loggins    and    J.     L. 

Champion. 
The    Modern    Chemical    Co.,    Lawrenceville,    111.;    capital,    $16,000; 

manufacturers    and    dealers    in    disinfectants    and    deodorizers; 

incorporators,  C.  P.  Danks,  Charles  Mahan  and  W.  E.  Pairchor. 
Cobbe    Pharmaceutical    Co.,    Chicago;    capital,    $2500;    manufacturers 

of  pharmaceuticals;    incorporators,   H.   M.   Haynes,   R.   E.   Bran- 

stad  and  Arthur  L.   Ballas. 
United     Supply     Syndicate    of    America,     manufacturers    of    drugs, 

chemicals,  etc.;  capital,  $150,000;   incorporators,  V.   C.   Dreisbach, 

Jr.,   F.   E.   Dreisbach,  of  Philadelphia;  L.  J.   Donovan,   Camden, 

N.  J. 
Beaumont    Pharmacy    Co.,    Beaumont,    Texas;    capital,    $2000;    incor- 
porators, W.   H.   Burgess,  E.  G.   Burgess  and  J.    R.  Jefferson. 
The    Palmetto   Pharmacy,    Columbia,    S.    C;    capital,   $2000. 
Remington-Bowles    Drug    Co.,    of    Shawnee,    Okla. ;    capital,    $5000; 

incorporators,    Lena    Remington,   W.    L.    Chapman,   of   Shawnee; 

C.  A.  Bowles,  of  Oklahoma. 
Korns    Drug    Co.,    Waterloo,    la.;    capital,   $6000;    officers:    president, 

J.   F.    Korns;   vice-president,   O.   L.   Wray;  secretary  and   treas- 
urer, E.  H.   Korns. 
McGill    Remedy    Co.,   Bluffton,   Ind. ;  capital,   $100,000;    to   manufac- 
ture and  sell  medicines;  J.  H.  McGill,  Bluffton;  M.  E.  McAfee, 

H.    H.    Barsch. 
Femme    Products    Co.,    drugs,    New    York;    capital,    $150,000;    Philip 

Mantel,  A.  Trimble. 
Etafo  Chemical   Co.,    Richmond,  N.   Y. ;  $10,000;   Andrew  J.   Cotton, 

Louis  J.  Altman  and  John  Bowe. 
German-American    Drug    Co.;    capital,    $100,000;    Wray    C.    Arnold, 

Lansdowne,   Pa. 
Barnes    &    Hall,    Lexington,    Ky. ;    capital,    $10,000;    Alexander    H. 

Hall.  H.  H.   Barnes,  John  F.   Hall  and  C.   E.   McCarthy. 
Lente    Chemical    Co.,    Manhattan;    drugs,    chemicals,    etc.;    capital, 

$25,000;   H.   Tippenhauer,  J.   A.   Christie   and   S.   Lewin. 
J.    F.    Bartlett    Drug    Co.,    Cleveland,    O.;    Claude    W.    Skimmon; 

capital,   $10,000. 
Natura    Drug    Co.,    Indianapolis;    manufacture    and    sale    of    drugs; 

capital,    $100,000;    Willis    S.    Payne,   B.    O.    Wright    and    Marcus 

W.    Payne. 
French- American    Chemical    Co.,    Paterson,    N.    J.;    chemists,    drug- 
gists, etc.;  capital,  $200,000;   P.   S.   Warman,   N.    Kantrowitz   and 

W.   L.   Rucker. 
Eelis    &    Goltermann,    Inc.,    Great    River,    N.    Y. ;    manufacture    and 

deal    in    toilet    articles;    capital,    $100,000;    J.    B.    Kilburn,    F.    L. 

Eelis  and  F.  A.  Huck. 
Werner    Chemical    Co.,    New    York    City;    capital,    $250,000;    A.    H. 

Werner,  J.  F.   Curtin  and  H.   O.   Coughlan. 
New    York    Calesthyl    Corporation,    Manhattan;    drugs,     medicines, 

etc.;  capital,  $25,000;  D.   P.   Bergheimer,  J.   A.   Byrne   and  A.  A. 

McGivney. 
Colson    Medicine    Co.,    Hamilton    county,    Tenn. ;    capital,    $20,000; 

G.    W.    Colson,    Annie    Smith,    D.    L.    Truan,    J.    E.    Vandergriff 

and   H.   C.   London. 
The    Kokomo   Blue   Grass   Drug   Co.,    Kokomo,   Ind.;    capital,   $8200; 

to    deal    in    drugs,    etc.;    C.    M.    Graff,    F.    W.    Graff   and   F.    W. 

Leeds. 
The    Sentanel    Remedies   Co.,    Delaware;    to   manufacture    and   deal 

in     medicines,     etc.;    capital,    $1,000,000;    C.     N.     Bishop,     C.    J. 

Jacobs,  H.  W.  Davis. 
Lc   Licbig   Remedy  Co.,   Buffalo,   N.  Y.;  capital,  $20,000;   Robert  E. 

Rayman,  G.  Wiley  Hickok  and  Charles  D.   Ream. 
Swiss    Drug   Co.,   Findlay,   Ohio;   capital,  $10,000;  Albert    Schwynn, 

president;    Clarence    Young,    vice-president;   J.    B.    Young,    sec- 
retary  and  treasurer. 
Union   Drug  Co.,   Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  capital,  $10,000;  H.   A.   Bar{)er, 

M.  M.  Barber  and  G.  F.  Craig. 
!;romo-Tone    Co.,    Wilmington,    Del.;   capital,    5100,000;    to   manufac- 

;-.  re   and   sell   the  Hoffman   Remedies;   F.   D.   Buck,   George  W. 

.    .  :;  Lii,  B.  M.  Greal,  all  of  Wilmington. 


SlAY,    1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


251 


PATEMTS  AMD  TEAD 


POISON   PROTECTIVE    DEVICE. 


WILLIAM  P.  ROBERTSON,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  assignor 
to  Sharp  &  Dohrae,  has  devised  a  poison  protective  de- 
vice   (Patent.    No.    1,091,441),    which   is   described   as 
the  combination  of  a  pill  or  tablet  having  a  physically  separate 


/^f/.  vy/ 


/^f/.//y 


and  flexible  label  attached  thereto,  and  a  thread  or  cord 
embedded  therein  and  extending  beyond  the  outlines  of  the 
tablet.  The  pills  or  tablets  may  be  arranged  in  series,  the 
tliread  or  cord  passing  through  each  pill  or  tablet  so  arranged. 


Dose    Indicator. 

This  device,  put  out  as  a  new  article  of  manufacture,  is  the 
invention  of  Ithamar  P.  Berthrong,  Washington,  D.  C.  (Patent 
No.  1,091,114).  It  consists,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  accom- 
panying illustration,  of  a  glass  cover  and  medicine  dose  indi- 
cator having  a  central  concavity  to  receive  and  support  a  spoon 
bowl,  and  an  upstanding  flange  surrounding  the  concavity, 
in  which  flange  are  seats  grouped  about  the  central  portion  to 
receive  a  spoon  handle.  .Adjacent  to  the  seats  on  the  flange 
are  dial  figures. 


Poison   Indicator. 
This  device,  the  invention  of  Ralph  W.  Bugbee,  St.  Louis, 
Mo.   (Patent  No.  1,092,110),  is  a  poison  indicator  of  the  class 


1,092.016.  1,091,271 


1,093,481. 


Medicine  Dropper. 
A  medicine  dropper,  which  is  the  combination  with  a  re- 
ceptacle encircled  by  a  longitudinal  shield  with  a  slot  opening 
at  one  end  thereof,  an  ejector  supporting  member  formed  with 
the  receptacle  and  projecting  therefrom  to  extend  through  the 
slot  and  an  ejector  carried  by  the  said  member  and  lying 
exteriorly  of  the  shield,  has  been  devised  by  Louis  P.  Savage, 
Laporte,  Ind.  (Patent  No.  1,093,481).  Means  for  connection 
with  the  shield  and  closing  the  slot  and  to  hold  the  receptacle 
against  removal  from  the  slot  are  provided. 


described,  comprising  an  elastic  band,  tubular  in  form  and 
made  of  spirally  arranged  spring  wire,  and  globular  bells 
mounted  in  the  bore  of  the  tubular  band  to  roll  therein. 


Copy  of  Patent  or  Trade-Mark  15c.  Trade-Marks  &  Labels  Regis- 
tered. Official  Serial  No.  Obtained,  F.  &  D.  Acts.  Send  for  Book. 
G.  H.  D.WIS,   918   F  St.,  N.W.,   Washington,  D.C.    (Adv.) 


Funnel  With  Filter  Chamber. 
Cornell  Badig  and  Samuel  Berger,  New  York,  have  invented 
a  funnel  which  presents  some  novel  features  (Patent  No.  1,091,- 
271).  It  comprises  a  body  portion  and  a  spout  having  a  filter 
chamber  in  which  is  a  cup  for  receiving  fibrous  filtering 
material,  an  apertured  disk  mounted  in  the  chamber  above  the 
cup,  and  a  spring-restrained  rod  reciprocabL  in  the  spout  and 
aperture  of  the  disk.  Upon  the  lower  end  of  the  rod  a  valve 
is  mounted  for  normally  closing  the  aperture  to  prevent  the 
passage  of  liquid  therethrough,  while  a  weight  of  skeleton  form 
mounted  in  the  cup  for  slightly  compressing  the  filtering  mate- 
rial therein  is  provided  to  prevent  the  valve  from  contacting 
with  the  material  when  the  same  is  moved  to  tmcover  the 
aperture. 


PATENTS. 


Granted  March  24,   1914. 

1,090,855 — Emil  Jagenberg,  Dusseldorf,  Germany.  Machine  for 
placing   bottles   in   transport   cases. 

1,090,863— George   J.    Kelley,   Attleboro,    Mass.     Atomizer. 

1,090,033— Harry  P.  Bassett,  assignor  to  The  Spar  Chemical  Co., 
Baltimore,  Md.  Process  of  separating  sodium  and  potassium' 
salts. 

1,091,114— Ithamar  P.  Berthrong,  Washington,  D.  C.    Dose  indicator. 

1,091,209— Marshall    Edison    Gates,    Helena,    Mont.      Tooth    brush. 

1,091,230— Anton  Messerschmitt,  Stolberg,  Germany.  Method  for 
extracting  potassium  and  sodium  compounds  from  silicates 
which  contain  alkalies. 

1,091, 23'1 — Alwin  Mittasch  and  Hugo  Morawitz,  assignors  to  Badische 
Anilin  &  Soda  Fabrik,  Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,  Germany. 
Producing  ammonium   sulphate. 

1,091,2871— Cornell  Badig  and  Samuel  Berger,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Funnel. 

1,091,276— Engelbert  Bergs,  assignor  to  Badische  Anilin  &  Soda 
Fabrik,  Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,  Germany.  Producing  un- 
saturated terpene  hydrocarbons. 

1,091,301— Edward  J.  Doheny,  Woonsocket,  R.  I.     Stopper  extractor. 

1,091,308— Louis  Drosin,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Bottle  holder  for  chlo- 
roform inhalers. 

1,091,314— Carl   H.    Erickson,   Denver,   Colo.     Tooth  brush. 

1,091.325 — Richard  Friedrich,  Glosa,  near  Chemnitz.  Germany,  and 
Friedrich  Hirsch,  Vienna,  Austria-Hungary.  Process  of  manu- 
facture of  solid  sulphites  or  bisulphites  of  homogeneous  chemi- 
cal  constitution. 

1,091,365— John  C.  McCain,  Tacoma,  Wash.  Supporting  bracket  for 
dispensing  bottles. 

1,091,411— Winfred  R.  Writwell  and  John  C.  Kelly,  Redondo  Beach, 
Cal.     Non-refillable  bottle. 

1,091,441— V/illiam  P.  Robertson,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  assignor  to 
Sharp   &   Dohme.     Poison  protective  device. 

Granted  March  31,   1914. 

1,091,626— Joseph  Butkus,  Chicago,  111.,  and  John  A.  Butkus,  Balti- 
more, Md.     Process  of  manufacturing  bottle  caps. 

1,091,68»— Michael  J.  Milmoe,  assignor  to  W.  C.  Ritchie  &  Co., 
Chicago,    111.     I5ox   labeling   machine. 

1,091,793 — George  L.  Bender  and  John  G.  Rapp,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Labeling  machine. 

1,091,850— Frederick  H.  Knapp,  assignor  to  The  Fred.  H.  Knapp. 
Co.,    Westminster,   Md.     Labeling   machine. 

1,091,973— Wesley  L.  Smith,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  Apparatus  for  ad- 
ministering  anesthetics. 

1,091.993— Peter  F.  White  and  Walter  Grant,  McNeil  Island,  Wash. 
Tooth  brush. 

1,092,014— Thomas  L.   Briggs,   Brooklyn,   N.   Y.     Tooth   brush. 

1,092,016— Ralph  W.   Bugbee,  St.   Louis,  Mo.     Poison  indicator. 
Granted   April    7,    1914. 

1,092,176— Paul  A.  H.  A.  Schulz,  Columbia,  S.  C.  Aseptic  package 
for  surgical  dressings. 

1,092,318— Benjamin  T.  Winchester,  assignor  by  mesne  assignments, 
to   Sharp  &   Dohme.   Baltimore,   Md.     Capsule   holder. 

1,092,319— Same   as   preceding.     Capsule  filling   machine. 

1,092.369— George  Kolsky.  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.  Process  of  making, 
chlorates  and  apparatus  therefor. 


:yj. 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  19U 


/.o^o.ecs 


/.o9o.^s-j- 


/.092.7^^ 


1.092,399 — Rubin     Roihman,     Brooklyn,    N.     Y.      Method    of    scaling 

bottles. 
l.tW.Sir— Willie    L.    Blanchard,    Lehigh.    Okla.     Funnel. 
1,L)9J.519— William  H.  Cadwell,  New  Britain,  Conn.    Combined  bottle 

cap    and    extractor. 
1,092.550— Charles   A.    Wolf,    Philadelphia,   Pa.     Crotalin   preparation. 
1,092,559 — Fred     H.     Chapman,     Winchester,     Mass.       Non-refillable 

bottle.  _ 
1,092,569 — Kirjath  A.  Godwin,  Salem,  N.  J.    Tool  for  finishing  heads 

of  bottles. 
1,092,7:6 — Leon   Coulet,  Hyeres-Ies-Palmiers,   France.     Combined  box 

and   dropping   bottle   with   a   sugar   magazine. 

Granted   April    14,    1914. 

1,092,975 — Thomas  Carroll,  assignor  to  The  National  Cash  Register 
Co.,   Dayton,   Ohio.     Cash    register. 

1,093,039— Thomas  A.  DeVilbiss.  assignor  to  The  DeVilbiss  Manu- 
facturing Co.,   Toledo,   Ohio.     Atomizer   or  the   like. 

1,093,247 — Otto  BonhoefTer,  and  Hugo  Guntrum,  assignors  to  Far- 
benfabriken  vorm.  Friedr.  Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld,  Germany. 
Cellulose  formates  and   process   of  making  same. 

1,093.288— Albert  L.  Newson,  assignor  to  Oscar  C.  Hockett,  Rich- 
mond,  Va.     Stopper  and   extractor  therefor. 

1,093,365 — Henry  W.  Van  Leir,  assignor  by  mesne  assignments,  to 
S.  S.  Wenzell  Machine  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Valve  for  bottle 
filling  apparatus. 

1,093,481— Louis    P.    Savage,    Laporte,    Ind.      Medicine    dropper. 


TRADEMARKS. 


■61, 

67, 


Published    March    24,    1914. 

,383 — H.  Trommsdorff,  Aachen,  Germany.  Ointments  for  human 
medical  use,  etc. 

IDS — New  York  and  London  Drug  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Anti- 
septic throat  pastilles. 

,743 — Marius   Biondv,    Philadelphia,    Pa.     Toilet   preparations. 

,613— F.    W.    Churchill,   Proctor,   Vt.     Toothache   remedy. 

,'_14 — T.  B.  Key  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Remedy  for  rheumatism, 
syphilis,   Bright's   disease,   etc. 

244 — Bell   &  Co.,   Inc..   Orangeburg,   N.   Y.     Indigestion   remedy. 

,264 — Martha  A.  Parker,  Shelby ville,  Tenn.  Remedy  for  eye 
diseases. 

^298— Maurice  F.  Schlesinger,  New  York,  N.  Y.  An  oil  for  in- 
testinal  stasis,   autointoxication,   etc. 

,327— Dr.  Flint  Medicine  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Remedy  for  dis- 
eases  of  the   throat   and   lungs,   etc. 

,586— Nelson,    Baker    &    Co.,    Detroit.    Mich.      Vulneraries. 

^616 — Rosalie   S.    Kowalski,    Vallejo.    Cal.      Liniment. 

Published    March    31,    1914. 

,036— The  Sanitas  Company,  Ltd.,  London,  England,  assignor  to 
"Sanitas"  Co.  (U.S.A.),  Jersey  City,  N.  J.  A  disinfecting 
fluid,  etc. 

673— David  E.  Wright,  deceased,  Bloomfield,  N.  J.;  Isabella 
Wright,  Harrisburg.   Pa.,   executrix.     Hair   tonic. 

496— The  Eovinine  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Beef  juices  and  meat 
extracts. 

617— The  Expurgo  Manufacturing  Co.,  Chicago,  111.  Preparations 
for  the  treatment  of  diabetes,   gall   stones,  etc. 

008— Harvey  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  Dublin,  Ireland.  Worm  and  condi- 
tion  powders;  hair  restoring  ointment,  etc. 

,526— Frederick   G.    Earl.    New   York,   N.   Y.     Aperient  tablets. 

,875— Adolphe    F.    DePatie,    Chicago,    111.     A   hair   grower    salve. 
1,969— Harold     S.     Eggers.    Troy    N.     Y.      Ointment    for    relief    of 
whooping  cough,   coughs,   colds,   croup.  . 

,989— Hollandische  Melksuikerfabriek,  Amsterdam,  Netherlands. 
Milk  sugar. 

_019— W*ebster  Chemical  Co.,  St.  Paul,  Minn.  Ointment  for  in- 
juries  and   eruptions. 

,026— Curtis  A.  Clark,  College  Corner,  Ohio.  Preparation  for 
fistula,   poll   evil,   farcy,   etc. 


75,105— Stewart  &  Holmes  Drug  Co.,   Seattle,   Wash.     Medicines   for 

blood   and   skin  diseases. 
r5.21.S— Arsene  J.  Van  Excm,  New  York,  N.  Y.     Toilet  preparations. 
75,340 — Arthur    W.    Madden,    Pittsburgh,    Pa.      Ointment    for    irrita- 
tions of  the  skin. 
75,478 — Calsalvo    Chemical    Co.,    New    York,    N.     V.      Medicine    for 

lime  starvation. 
75,662— James  Savage  and  Margaret  Savage,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.     Salves. 
75,765— James   S.    Kirk   &   Co.,   Chicago,   111.     Talcum  powder,   toilet 

water,   etc. 
75,798— Business  of  Orator  F.   W^oodward,   Deceased,   LeRoy,   N.   Y. 

Corn    plasters. 
75,799— James    Clausen,    St.    Louis,    Mo.      Hair    tonic    and    dandruff 

remedy. 
75,836— The  J.  B.   Williams  Co.,   Glastonbury,   Conn.     Toilet  powder. 
75,851— Bartolo    Ruggiero,    Brooklyn,    N.    Y.      Remedy    for    cuts    and 

sores. 
75,950— The  Rhubaral  Co.,  Wheeling,  W.  Va.     Remedy  for  catarrhal 

affections  of  the   stomach,   kidneys,   etc. 
75,958— Frederick    N.    Booth.   Honolulu,   Hawaii.     Ointment   for   salt- 
rheum,   boils,   eczema,   etc. 
75,973— Friedrich    M.    Sames,    New    York,    N.    Y.     An   ointment. 
75,974— Van    Horn    and    Sawtell,    New    York,    N.    Y.      Remedies    for 

intestinal   disorders. 
76,062 — Francis    B.    Shields,   Danville,   111.     Liquid    face   powder   and 

tan   remover. 
7  \W0 — Ada   H.    Ross.   Los  Angeles,  Cal.     Hair  grower. 
76,094 — Mark   L.    Underwood,   Chaffee,   Mo.     Saline   laxatives. 
76,15l>— Radical    Remedy    Co.,   New    York,    N.    Y.     Remedy   for   indi* 

gestion,   constipation,  etc.    ■ 
76,157 — Thomas    M.    Warner.    Denver,    Colo.     Remedy    for   hay    fever 

and   other  catarrhal    affections   of  the   head. 

Published  April   7,    1914. 

62,796 — Johnson  &  Johnson,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.     Medical  plasters, 
digestive    tablets,    etc. 

69311— Wm.    Chubbuck,    New    York,    N.    Y.      Medicines. 

71,42S — Eva    Hammond,    Kansas    City,    Mo.     Pile    remedy. 

71,971 — Lash's    Bitters   Co.,    San   Francisco,   Cal.     Liver   bitters. 

72,560 — Prof.   Girolamo   PagUano,   Florence,   Italy.     A  blood   depurat- 
ing syrup. 

74,972— James  S.    Kirk   &   Co.,   Chicago,   111.     Perfume,   bay   rum   and 
hair  tonic. 

75,007— The   Jug   Chemical    Co.,    Jonesboro,    Ark,     Medicinal    tonics, 
liniments,    cough    syrups,    etc. 

75,143 — Waugh  Medicine  Co.,  Grangeville,  Idaho.     Salve  for  catarrh, 
etc. 

75,443— Thomas    P.    Farmer,    Kansas    City.    Mo. 

75,495— The   Hygenol    Co.,   Minneapolis,    Minn. 

75,524 — Howard  B.   Cressman,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
ration    for   fever    blisters. 

75,712— Abdon    V.    Piskorski,    Jersey    City,    N.    J.      A    laxative    and 
digestive   remedy. 

75.898 — David    Mortimer,    Boston,    Mass.      Complexion    preparation. 

75,956— Wright's     Indian     Vegetable     Pill     Co.,     New     York,     N.     Y. 
Remedy   for  gonorrhoea,   gleet,   etc. 

75,967— Katz    &    Besthoff,    Ltd.,    New    Orleans,    La.     Toilet    prepara- 
tions. 

75,968 — Same  as  preceding.     Perfumery,  etc. 

75^976_The  Arthur  Chemical   Co.,  New  Haven,  Conn.     Toilet  prepa- 
rations. 

76,082— Alexander  Shirley  Leverty,  New  York,  N  .Y.     Pills  for  the 
treatment   of   epilepsy,  etc. 

76,103— The    Dancz   Institute   of  New   York,  Inc.,   New    York,   N.   Y. 
A   liniment  or  lotion   for  rheumatism,    sciatica,   etc. 

76^141_Herman    Kloppel    and    Co.,    Baltimore,    Md.      A    preparation 
for  dandruff,  falling  hair,   and   itching  scalp. 

76_lR5_Mason    O.    Montgomery,    Terre    Haute.    Ind.     Cough    drops. 

76^321 — Miles   Manufacturing   Co..    Philadelphia,    Pa.     Roach   powder. 

76,390— Webster   Chemical   Co.,    St.    Paul,   Minn.     A   medicinal    tonic 
and    nutrient. 


Laxative    medicine. 
A   skin   cream. 
A  medicinal  prepa- 


JIay,  1914] 


THE    PHARJIACEUTICAL    ERA 


253 


SANTONINE  ADVANCED  IN   PRICE. 


Market  Reflects  Strong  Undertone  in  Native  Mexican 

Drugs — German    Belladonna   Leaves    Higher. 

See  pages  27  to  41  for  Prices  Current. 

Chaxges  Since  Last  Report. 

.A.— .\cetphenetidme,   U.S.P ; lb.  1.12  —  1.28 

D— .A.cid,  .Acetic,   C.P.  Glacial,  99  per  cent. lb.  .18  —  .22 

D — .Acid,   Cinnamic,   Synthetic,  vial oz.  .20  —  .22 

A— .Acid,   Molybdic,    C.P lb.  —  6.50 

1-oz.    vials oz.  —  .45 

A — Ammonium  Molybdate   oz.  .26  —  .30 

D — .Ammonium  Salicylate    lb.  .55  —  .60 

A — Arnica  Root   lb.  .50  —  .55 

A — Balmony    Leaves,    Pressed lb.  1.55  —  1.65 

D — -Barium   Sulphate,   Precipitated !b.  .26  —  .30 

A — Belladonna    Leaves,    German lb.  .65  —  .70 

A — Calamus  Root,  White,  peeled  and  split . .  lb.  .30  —  .36 

D— Colchicum  Root lb.  .18  —  .20 

Powdered  lb.  .23  —  .26 

D— Hydrastine,   Alkaloid.    C.P oz.  28.00  —  30.00 

Hydrochloride  oz.  28.00  —  30.00 

Sulphate    oz.  28.00  —30.00 

D— Oil,  Cloves  lb.  1.15  —  1.25 

D— Oil,  Cubeb  lb.  3.50  —  3.75 

D— Oil,  Sandalwood,  English lb.  5.75  —  6.00 

A— Oil,   Wintergreen   lb.  4.75  —  5.00 

A— Opium,   Natural    lb.  6.60  —  7.00 

D — Potassium  Salicylate   oz.  .10  —  .12 

A— Saffron,   American    (Safflower) lb.  .80  —  .90 

A — Saffron,  Spanish,  True  Valencia lb.  13.00  —  13.25 

A— Santonine   ( lb.  $36.00 ) oz.  2.45  —  2.55 

D— Sugar  of  Milk,  Powdered lb.  .15  —  .18 

A— Zinc  Stearate  oz.  .09  —  .12 

NQTE — A,    advanced;    D,    declined;    C,    correction;  N,  new. 


NEW  YORK,  .April  22. — Trading  during  the  past  month 
has  been  of  a  routine  character  and  quiet,  although  some 
jobbers  report  that  mail  and  telegraphic  orders  have  been 
received  from  various  sections  in  fair  numbers.  The  purchas- 
ing, however,  has  been  generally  restricted  to  small  quantities 
for  prompt  or  nearby  consumption.  The  changes  in  quota- 
tions are  about  evenly  distributed  between  advances  and  de- 
clines. Practically  all  products  native  to  Mexico  have  been 
featured  in  a  large  way  by  a  stronger  undertone,  but  with  the 
possible  exception  of  American  saffron,  no  changes  in  the 
qu  tations  of  these  products  have  yet  reached  the  jobbing 
market.  Opium  is  higher,  while  advances  are  also  noted  in  the 
prices  of  acetphenetidine,  molybdic  acid,  arnica  root,  belladonna 
leaves,  oil  of  wintergreen,  and  santonine.  Quinine  is  unchanged 
but  firm.  Owing  to  the  stronger  situation  in  Norway,  cod 
liver  oil  is  well  maintained.  Jlenthol  lacks  quotable  change, 
and  supplies  for  tamarinds  in  this  market  are  about  exhausted. 
Glacial  acetic  acid,  C.P.,  is  easier,  and  colchicum  seed,  both 
whole  and  powdered,  is  considerably  lower.  Among  the  oils, 
cloves,  cubeb  and  English  sandalwood  have  been  marked  down 
in  price,  quotations  also  being  lower  for  powdered  sugar  of 
milk. 

OPlUil — -.A  stronger  feeling  characterizes  the  market  and 
jobbers  have  advanced  quotations  on  natural  to  S6.60@$7  per 
pound,  with  prices  for  granulated  and  U.S.P.  powdered  re- 
maining unchanged  at  last  month's  quotations,  viz.,  $8.25@ 
$8.35  per  pound  for  the  former,  and  $8.15@$8.35  for  the  latter. 
QtjTNlNE — Continues  to  meet  with  a  good  demand,  the  market 
being  firm  at  26c.  for  bulk  in  100-ounce  tins.  The  undertone 
of  the  markets  throughout  the  world  continues  very  strong,  a 
position  which  reflects  the  effect  of  the  price  maintenance 
agreement  of  Java  growers  of  cinchona  bark  and  European 
manufacturers  of  quinine  salts.  The  importations  of  quinine 
for  the  eight  months  ending  February  were  1,630,634  ounces, 
valued  $327,496,  as  against  2,030,676  ounces,  valued  at  $344,- 
796  for  the  corresponding  period  in  1913,  and  1,979,305  ounces. 


valued  at  $302,071  for  1912.  The  importation  of  cinchona 
bark  for  the  corresponding  period  ending  February,  1914, 
amounted  to  1,822,097  pounds,  valued  at  $218,008. 

Cod  Li\'er  On. — Reports  show  a  stronger  feeling  abroad, 
but  quotations  in  this  market  are  unchanged,  jobbers  asking 
80c.@!90c.  per  gallon  for  Norwegian.  By  the  barrel  $20@$23 
is  quoted;  half-barrels,  $12@$13.50  each.  Cable  advices  to 
hand  report  total  Lofoten  catch  of  season  to  March  20  as 
11,600,000  fish,  yielding  8,256  barrels,  against  10,000,000  fish, 
yielding  5100  barrels  of  oil  in  corresponding  period  last  year. 
Total  all  Norway  to  date,  60,000,000  fish,  with  yield  of  38,730- 
barrels  of  oil,  against  40,600,000  fish,  with  yield  of  22,285 
barrels  last  year. 

Menthol — Cable  dispatches  indicate  a  higher  market  abroad, 
but  these  reports  have  not  affected  the  local  situation,  jobbers 
quoting  $3.55@$3.80  per  pound  for  crystal,  and  30c.@35c.  per 
ounce. 

S.AJrROX — -American  (safflower)  is  higher,  owing  to  the  dis- 
turbed conditions  in  Me.xico,  the  country  of  production,  and 
the  fact  that  stocks  are  concentrated  in  few  hands,  ruling, 
prices  being  80c.@90c.  per  pound.  Some  dealers  predict  still 
higher  prices. 

S.^FFRON — Spanish  (true  Valencia)  is  firmer  owing  to  the 
fact  that  supplies  here  are  considerably  reduced,  due  to  the 
action  of  the  custom  authorities  who  have  compelled  the  return 
of  several  consignments  to  the  country  of  production  on  the 
ground  of  adulteration.  Quotations  have  been  advanced  to 
$13@$13.25  per  pound. 

Cantharides — Russian  remains  firm  at  present  prevailing 
prices,   being  in  rather  light  supply. 

Arxic.\  Root — Is  firm  and  higher,  jobbers  having  advanced 
their  quotations  to  50c.@55c.  per  pound. 

Bell.^do>.'X.\  Leaves — A  growing  scarcity  has  compelled 
dealers  to  again  advance  quotations  for  German,  the  ruling- 
prices   being   65c. @  70c.   per   pound. 

L.wexder  Flo«'ers — Lack  quotable  change,  but  the  ten- 
dency of  the  market  is  upward  owing  to  persistent  reports  of 
diminishing  supplies.  Present  quotations  range  from  30c.@45c. 
per  pound  as  to  quality  and  size  of  order. 

Saxtoxixe — Owing  to  the  recent  advance  made  by  German 
manufacturers  who  have  the  contracts  for  producing  this  an- 
thelmintic for  the  Russian  Government  monopoly,  quotations 
have  been  marked  up  to  $36  per  pound,  or  $2.45@$2.55  per 
ounce,  the  trend  of  prices  being  still  upward. 

Sugar  of  Milk — Powdered  is  lower,  15c.@18c.  per  pound- 
being  the  ruling  quotations. 

On,  Clovxs — The  market  continues  quiet  and  featureless, 
and  quotations  have  declined  to  $1.15@$1.25   per  potind. 

Oil  CtiBEB — This  product  is  also  lower  and  the  demand' 
light.     Jobbers  quote  $3.50@$3.75  per  poimd. 

Oil  Sand.\l-wood — Owing  to  the  keen  competition  among 
domestic  manufacturers,  prices  have  been  reduced  to  $5.75@ 
$6  per  pound  for  English.  The  decline  marks  a  somewhat 
anomalous  condition,  as  the  cost  of  the  wood  from  which  the- 
oil  is  distilled  is  exceedingly  high. 

Calajtos  Root — White,  peeled  and  split  root  is  in  consider- 
able demand  and  higher,  prices  ranging  from  30c.@36c.  per 
pound. 

Hydrastixe — Following  a  revision  of  the  schedule  of  manu- 
facturers, jobbers  have  marked  down  their  quotations  for  this, 
alkaloid  and  its  sahs  as  follows:  Alkaloid,  C.P.,  $28@$30; 
hydrochloride,   $28@$30;   sulphate,   $28@$30  per  ounce. 

Acetphexetidixe — U.S.P.  quality  is  quotably  higher,  $1.12@ 
$1.28  per  poimd  being  asked.  A  scarcity  of  benzol,  toluol  and 
other  coal-tar  products  has  been  reported  by  manufacturers  of 
these   chemicals. 

MoL'i'BDic  Acid — Continues  to  advance,  C.P.  being  quoted  at 
$6  50  per  pound,  and  45c.  per  ounce.  Ammonium  molybdate 
is  also  higher,  26c.@30c.  per  ounce  being  asked.  This  salt  is 
extensively  used  as  a  reagent   in  connection   with  a   solution 


254 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[May,  1914 


of  nitric  acid  for  phosphoric  acid,  with  which  it  forms  a  yellow 
precipitate,  insoluble  in  acids,  but  soluble  in  ammonium 
hydroxide. 

.\MMONriTM  Salicylate — Is  lower,  as  also  the  corresponding 
potassium  salt,  the  former  being  quoted  at  5Sc.@60c.  per 
pound,  and  the  latter  at  10c.@12c.  per  ounce. 

B.\1M0KY  Lea\"ES — Pressed  are  in  greater  demand  and  higher, 
$1.55(g$1.65  per  pound  being  the  prevailing  figures. 


Notes  on  Imported  Drugs. 

The  ejcports  of  papain  from  Ceylon  last  year  amounted  to 
1S,54S  pounds.  The  increasing  output  of  this  digestive  extract 
from  Carica  papaya  is  shown  in  the  exports  from  Ceylon, 
which  for  the  past  three  calendar  years  are  given   as  follows: 

Countries  to  which  exported.    1911  1912  1913 

Pounds.  Value.  Pounds.  Value.  Pounds.  Value. 

Belgium    "6  $74  376  $610 

<;ermanv     2,007      $3,698  1,708  2,322  2,555  4,121 

Cnited  'Kingdom 4,054       6,591  9,088  11,138  12,705  14,368 

Cniied    States 550          811  2,048  2,907  2,912  4,243 

Total     6,611      11,100      12.920      16,441      18,548      23,382 


being  a  stranger,  I  called  upon  Mr.  O.  W.  Smith,  of  Parke 
and  Davis,  who  informs  me  that  your  store  is  for  sale.'  He 
says  he  has  a  certified  check  for  $300  to  show  that  he  means 
business,  and  on  the  strength  of  this  the  druggist  takes  him 
around  the  place,  with  the  conclusion  that  this  party  steals 
all  the  cocaine,  heroin,  morphine,  or  anything  which  isn't  nailed 
down.  I  called  upon  Mr.  Rothenberg  Friday  and  in  the  course 
of  our  conversation  I  told  him  to  be  on  the  lookout  for  this 
party,  as  this  fakir  had  been  in  five  stores  ahead  of  me  on 
that  day,  and  I  tried  to  get  him  myself.  In  other  stores,  after 
he  is  in  a  while,  he  says  he  lost  his  pocket-book  with  his  ticket 
and  S16.S5.  More  than  one  druggist  gave  him  more  than  his 
fare  home.  I  certainly  would  like  to  meet  this  man  for  a  few 
moments  as  he  has  caused  a  lot  of  annoyance  to  you  and 
to  me." 


Consul  Moser's  declared  exports,  as  published  in  the  Daily 
for  March  30,  1914,  showed  $8,118  worth  of  papain  exported 
from  Ceylon  to  the  United  States  during  1913.  Probably  some 
shipments  ascribed  as  going  to  Europe  also  eventually  reached 
the  United  States. 


Imports  of  licorice  root  into  the  United  States  in  the  fiscal 
year  1912  totaled  74,680,270  pounds,  having  a  returned  customs 
value  of  $0,018  per  pound,  and  in  the  fiscal  year  of  1913, 
103,032,429  pounds,  having  a  unit  value  of  $0,017.  The  root 
ei.tered  free  of  duty  until  October  3,  1913,  when  the  new 
tariff  made  it  dutiable  at  one-quarter  cent  per  pound.  Brewers 
of  beer  and  the  pharmaceutical  trade  are  the  chief  buyers  of 
the  root.  Licorice  paste  and  extracts  imported  for  consumption 
in  1912  weighed  934,692  pounds,  having  a  value  of  $0,125  per 
pound  and  at  foreign  point  of  shipment,  and  in  1913,  796,222 
pounds,  unit  value  $0,128.  The  paste  and  e.xtracts,  which  were 
■dutiable  at  2^2  cents  per  pound  prior  to  October  3,  1913,  were 
made  dutiable  thereafter  at  1  cent  per  pound.  The  imports 
of  paste  and  extracts  on  which  duty  was  remitted  totalled 
26,726  pounds  in  1912  and  36,055  pounds  in  1913,  this  going 
•mainly  into  plug  tobacco  made  in  bonded  warehouses  for 
export 

The  position  of  colocynth  abroad  is  somewhat  of  an  unknown 
■quantity.  A  report  from  abroad  states  that  an  atteinpt  was 
made  recently  by  Syrian  dealers  to  create  a  monopoly  in  order 
to  obtain  better  prices,  but  it  is  at  present  uncertain  whether 
this  measure  can  be  carried  through.  Values  have,  however, 
arrived  at  such  a  low  level  that  dealers  in  Syria  can  scarcely 
derive  any  profit.  During  the  last  few  years,  in  consequence 
■of  the  large  stocks  from  previous  crops  and  on  account  of  the 
improfitable  prices,  hardly  any  collection  has  taken  place.  The 
large  stocks  have  been  considerably  reduced,  and  especially 
whole  apples  without  loose  seed  are  scarce  and  increased  prices 
are  asked. 


INFORMATION    WANTED. 


"Can  you  give  us  the  name  and  address  of  the  manufac- 
turer of  'Sure,'  a  liniment  used  a  great  deal  by  foreigners? 
The  address  on  the  bottle  is  'The  Bamagan  Co.,  New  York,' 
but  letters  sent  are  returned  stamped  'Not  Found.'  " 

"Who  are  the  manufacturers  of  De  Grath's  'Electric  Oil'?" 

Bo^s  Drug'gist  Swindling  in  Manhattan. 
One  of  the  city  representatives  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  who 
operates  on  the  upper  East  Side  in  Manhattan,  reports  as 
follows :  "For  the  past  two  weeks  or  so  a  man  giving  the  name 
of  Sussman,  Grossman,  etc.,  calls  upon  a  druggist  and  gives 
■him  the  following  story:  'I  am  Mr.  Sussman  from  Nyack. 
As  I  am  anticipating  buying  a  store  in  New  York  City,  and, 


SELF-PtTEIFICATION    FOR    DRUGGISTS   AND 
PHYSICIANS. 


Retail  druggists  have  been  protesting  because  in  a  recent 
paragraph  we  declared  that  some  of  them  sell  habit-forming 
drugs  illegally,  says  Collier's.  "Is  it  fair,"  ask  the  druggists 
of  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  "to  praise  a  firm  at  the  expense  of  others 
for  obeying  the  law?"  All  firms  and  all  druggists  are  alike 
to  us.  The  firm  we  praised  for  announcing  that  it  would  not 
sell  drugs  except  by  prescription  of  the  family  physician  is 
no  dearer  to  us  than  the  druggists  of  Pittsfield  or  Wilkes- 
Barre.  We  know  that  "druggists  as  a  class  are  workers  for 
the  public  good."  So  are  physicians.  Yet  we  may  condemn 
Dr.  John  J.  Van  Horn,  of  New  York,  convicted  April  8  for 
selling  morphine  illicitly,  without  stigma  on  the  rest  of  the 
medical  profession.  Do  the  pharmacists  for  a  moment  main- 
tain that  they  have  no  black  sheep  in  their  fold?  Charles  B. 
Towns  found  that  even  among  the  best-known  of  the  whole- 
salers methods  were  so  lax  that  he  could  obtain  without  the 
slightest  difficulty  quantities  of  drugs  by  simply  sending  his 
order  signed  with  the  name  of  a  non-existent  physician.  No 
question  was  raised;  evidently  not  even  a  directory  was  opened 
before  filling  the  orders.  Let  but  the  druggists  scrutinize 
carefully  all  drug  prescriptions,  let  them  demand  stringent 
registration  laws,  careful  Government  oversight;  let  them,  in 
short,  purge  themselves  of  those  who  traffic  in  darknes^  and 
ruin  for  untold  thousands  of  people,  and  we  shall  be  the  first 
to  praise  them.  Our  chief  object  in  the  paragraph  they  dis- 
liked so  much  was  to  stir  up  precisely  the  interest  in  self- 
purification  that  we  seem  in  a  measure  to  have  succeeded  in 
arousing. 


Pills  and  Potions. 


The  Lilly  Company,  of  Attleboro,  Mass.,  has  been  in- 
corporated, with  a  capital  of  $25,000,  to  deal  in  drugs  and 
chemicals.  The  incorporators  are  George  F.  Lilly,  Cornelius 
E.  Dunn  and  Ralph  C.  Estes. 

The  American  Toilet  Goods  Company,  of  Boston,  has 
been  granted  a  charter  in  Maine,  with  a  capital  of  $100,000. 
The  incorporators  are  George  B.  Dodge,  Willis  H.  Lowe  and 
Earl   S.  Rowell,   all  of  Boston. 

Blue  Laws  Enforced  in  Pennsylvania H.  C.  Wolfe, 

a  druggist  of  Verona,  Pa.,  was  fined  $25  recently  on  a  charge 
of  selling  cigars,  candy  and  soda  water  on  Sunday.  He  paid 
the  fine  under   protest  and  will  appeal  to  higher  court. 

Ernst  0.  Engstrom,  of  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  has  been  ap- 
pointed examiner  in  technical  pharmacy  by  the  faculty  of  the 
Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy.  He  will  examine  members 
of  the  graduating  classes  upon  this  branch  of  their  training  in 
connection  with  the  final  examinations  of  the  college. 

Claude  0.  Yates,  of  Austin,  Tex.,  has  been  appointed 
State  Pure  Food  and  Drug  Commissioner  to  fill  the  vacancy 
caused  by  the  resignation  of  Dr.  J.  S.  Abbott,  who  has  ac- 
cepted a  position  with  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  in  Washington. 
Mr.  Yates  is  a  well-known  chemist  and  druggist  and  of  the 
firm  of  Yates  &  Cornwell,  of  Austin. 

The  Pitman-Meyers  Co.,  pharmaceutical  chemists,  of 
Indianapolis,  by  unanimous  vote  of  the  stockholders,  has 
changed  its  name  to  the  Pitman-Moore  Company.  There  has 
been  no  change  in  personnel.  Harry  C.  Moore,  whose  name 
now  becomes  part  of  the  corporate  name  of  the  firm,  has  been 
president  and  general  manager  of  the  business  for  several  years. 


AN   ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY  PUBLICATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XL VII 


New  York,  June,  1914 


No.  6 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era. 

PUBLISHED  ON  THE  FIRST  OF  EACH  MONTH. 


ELIMINATION"    OF    GUARANTY    LEGEND. 


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Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas- 
urer, D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
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Entered  at  the  New  York  Post-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1914,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    All  rights  reserved. 

Title  Registered   in    the    United   States   Patent    Office. 

Table  of  Contents. 

READING    SECTION. 

Ejjitoriai,  and  Pharmaceutic.m, Pages  255-272 

Editorials   255-259 

Books  Reviewed   259 

Proposed  Changes  in  the  U.S.P 260-262 

Peroxide  of  Hydrogen,  J.  Stanley  White 263 

Classical   Discoveries   in   Pharmacy,   VI.     The   First 

Vacuum  Pan  for  Extracts 264-265 

New  Remedies  265 

Selected  Formulas   266 

Foreign  Abstracts 267-268 

Question  Box 269-270 

Women   in  Pharmacy 271-272 

News  SECTio>f Pages  273-290 

Mostly  Personal   273-277 

Obituaries 277-278 

Proprietary  Association  of  America 279-280 

News  from  Associations 280-285 

Schools  and  Colleges 285-288 

Board  Examinations   288-290 

Trade  Section  Pages  291-306 

The  Abolition  of  the  Guarantee  and  the  Serial  Number. 29 1-292 
What  the  Druggist  Really  Needs 293-294 

INDEX  TO  ADVERTISERS Page  59 

INDEX  TO  GOODS   ADVERTISED Pages  54-58 

INDEX  TO  READING  PAGES Page  60 


From  a  careful  consideration  of  the  views  of 
many  in  the  drug  trade,  and  more  especially  of  the 
comments  of  a  representative  number  of  manufac- 
turers and  jobbers,  which  appear  elsewhere  in  this 
issue  of  the  Era,  the  probable  effect  of  the  food 
inspection  decision  relating  to  guaranties  by  manu- 
facturers and  other  parties  to  protect  dealers  by 
prohibiting  the  use  of  the  guaranty  legend  and 
serial  number  on  packages  of  food  and  drugs  is  not 
one  of  demoralization.  Under  this  decision  the 
legend  ' '  guaranteed  under  the  food  and  drugs  act ' ' 
is  held  to  be  misleading  and  deceptive,  and  its  use, 
as  also  the  use  of  a  serial  niunber,  is  prohibited 
after  May  1,  1915,  the  operation  of  the  regulation 
in  so  far  as  this  requirement  is  concerned,  being 
postponed  until  that  date  in  order  that  manufac- 
turers may  have  an  opportunity  to  use  up  their 
present  stock  of  labels. 

Those  who  have  followed  the  operation  of  the 
Food  and  Drugs  Act  since  the  beginning  are  aware 
that  this  is  not  the  Government's  first  experience 
with  the  language  of  the  "guaranty  legend,"  and 
many  of  them  wiU  bear  witness  that  the  changes 
ordered  by  the  authorities  have  cost  manufacturers 
an  immense  amount  of  money  and  the  destruction 
of  millions  of  labels  in  an  effort  to  comply  with  the 
various  requirements.  So  great  were  the  difficulties 
involved  and  the  sacrifices  that  had  to  be  made  by 
manufacturers  in  changing  over  the  first  form  of 
the  legend  to  include  the  name  of  the  guarantor, 
that  the  Government  was  compelled  to  extend  the 
time  for  the  enforcement  of  the  amended  regulation 
fully  two  years  after  the  issuance  of  the  order. 

If  this  experience  counts  for  an3'thing,  manufac- 
turei-s  and  distributors  in  all  fairness  should  be 
allowed  a  sufficient  time  in  which  to  use  up  their 
present  stock  of  labels.  One  year,  the  period  named 
by  the  Secretaries  in  the  Inspection  Decision,  is 
insufficient.  The  hard  and  arbitrary  enforcement  of 
this  provision  means  a  great  deal  to  manufacturing 
pharmacists  particularly,  many  of  whom  have  from 
3000  to  5000  articles  in  their  lists,  a  number  of 
which  are  necessarily  slow  sellers,  but  for  which 
enough  labels  have  been  printed  to  supply  the 
demand  for  years.  To  order  the  destruction  of  this 
entire  stock  entails  a  hardship  and  expense  on  the 
manufacturer  that  practically  amounts  to  confisca- 
tion without  any  compensation. 


256 


THE    PIIAR.AIACEUTICAL    ERA 


[JUXE.   1914 


The  enforcement  of  this  part  of  the  decision 
would  not  work  such  a  hardship  if  the  manufac- 
turer could  be  permitted  to  use  up  his  present 
stock  of  labels  by  cancelling,  if  necessary,  by  means 
of  a  pen  or  other  device,  the  words  ;uid  figures  of 
the  guai-antv  legend  and  serial  number  now  printed 
upon  the  labels.  This  change  in  the  regulations 
which  involves  what  appears  to  be  a  needless  waste 
and  expense  should  be  thoroughly  considered  by 
those  responsible  for  the  enforcement  of  the  law 
before  deciding  definitely  this  important  question. 
If  one  is  to  be  guided  by  the  experience  gained 
when  the  last  change  was  made  in  the  form  of  the 
guaranty  legend,  one  year  is  altogether  too  short  a 
period  for  the  elimination  of  the  serial  number  on 
labels  already  printed,  and  the  time  limit  now 
proposed  sho"uld  be  extended.  The  legend  was 
originally  printed  on  the  labels  by  manufacturers 
in  good  faith  and  in  the  belief  of  a  continued  policy 
on  the  part  of  the  Government,  and.  while  requiring 
every  manufacturer  to  hereafter  make  his  guaranty 
a  part  of  his  invoice  or  bill  of  lading  as  set  forth 
in  the  decision,  some  means  should  be  found  where- 
by labels  now  printed  could  be  used,  even  though 
the  binding  force  of  the  guarantj-  legend  thus 
appearing  should  be  declared  nugatory  and  void. 

The  change  in  the  method  of  procedure  will 
necessitate  a°much  closer  scrutuiy  of  goods  on  the 
part  of  jobbers  and  dealers,  and  this  means  addi- 
tional work.  But  there  is  some  ground  for  the 
belief  that  elimination  of  the  guaranty  legend  and 
serial  number  from  foods  and  drugs  will  tend  to 
increase  the  quality  of  such  products,  in  that  it 
will  make  it  more  difficult  for  ioferior  products  to 
find  ready  distribution  through  conscientious  and 
reliable  dealers  from  the  fact  that  upon  them  will 
be  put  the  responsibility  of  assuring  themselves  of 
the  qualitj-  of  the  goods  instead  of  simply  assuring 
themselves  that  the"  labels  carry  a  legend  and  serial 
number.  It  will  also  squelch  the  endeavors  of  the 
unscrupulous  manufacturer  who  has  endeavored  to 
profit  bv  the  mistaken  belief  of  many  possible  cus- 
tomers that  the  presence  of  the  guaranty  legend 
was  evidence  that  the  Federal  Government  had  m 
some  wav  certified  to  the  excellence  of  products 
so  labeled.  The  great  majority  of  the  58.S1S  manu- 
facturers who  have  filed  guaranties  and  obtained 
serial  numbers  with  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture 
have  acted  in  good  faith  in  this  reqtiirement,  how- 
ever, and  some  consideration  should  be  given  by 
those  in  authority  for  the  time  and  expense  to  which 
they  have  been  "put  in  attempting  to  comply  with 
the'  requirement  which  is  now  to  be  overruled. 

The  same  reasons  for  the  discontinuance  of  the 
guaranty  legend  and  serial  number  on  the  labels 
of  foods  and  drugs  will  apparently  apply  with 
equal  force  to  the  requirement  of  printmg  serial 
numbers  on  the  labels  of  insecticides,  and  a  ruling 
on  this  question  has  been  asked  of  the  Government. 

PHAEMACISTS  AS  MEECHANTS. 


"I'he  better  the  merchant  the  more  successful  the 
druggist."  And  this  is  not  in  any  sense  an  argu- 
ment against  what  has  been  imderstood  to  be  " "  ethi- 
cal pharmacy."  The  new  druggist  believes  that  it  is 
unethical  to  lag  behind,  to  drone  along  in  the  same 
mauuer  as,  perhaps,  his  grandfather  was  wont  to 
do  in  some  little,  dark-cornered,  drug-scented 
apothecary-  shop.  Failure  is  not  ethical,  as  it  is  a 
stigma  upon  the  profession ;  success  is  the  culmina- 
tion of  true  ethical  conduct,  since  it  implies  knowl- 
edge of  medicaments,  of  processes,  of  methods,  and 
something  more  than  surface  information  as  to 
ever}-  one  of  the  many  diverse  lines  which  enter 
into  modem  drug  merchandising,  and  an  intelligent 
handling  of  aU  the  newly-applied  agents  for  the 
prevention  and  cure  of  disease. 

The  modem  druggist  believes  that  it  is  imethieal 
to  hide  his  light  vmder  a  bushel.  He  has.  at  the 
expenditure  of  both  time  and  money,  fitted  him- 
self to  cater  to  the  needs  of  his  public;  his  train- 
ing is  continuous,  for  in  pharmacy,  as  in  perhaps 
no  other  commercial  profession  outside  the  trilogy — 
medicine,  chemistrj*.  pharmacy — the  necessity  for 
study  and  experiment  is  constant.  The  pharmacist 
of  even  20  years  ago — if  he  had  been  so  isolated  by 
force  of  circumstances  as  to  be  unable  to  keep  pace 
with  pharmaceutical,  biological  and  chemical  dis- 
covery and  progress — would  be  almost  helpless  in 
the  systematized,  departmentized,  vaccine-  and 
serum-handling  pharmacy  of  today. 

Believing,  as  he  does,  that  applied  knowledge 
cannot  but  be  ethical  if  utilized  for  the  benefit  of 
patrons  and  of  his  commvmity.  the  modem  drug- 
gist uses  publicity  to  inform  his  public  that  he  is 
fitted  by  education  and  by  the  completeness  of  his 
stock  and  equipment  to  meet  even  the  latest  de- 
mands of  medical  science  in  a  scientific  manner. 
To  minimize  the  value  of  his  training  and  equip- 
ment and  to  render  both  useless  by  failing  to- 
acquaint  his  public  with  his  ability,  by  means  of 
intelligent  publicity,  presupposes  a  lack  of  com- 
prehension of  the  real  responsibilities  of  a  phar- 
macist to  his  public,  and  would  necessitate  a  waste 
of  time,  effort  and  investment,  which  is  far  removed 
from  true  ethics.  Ethics  imply  full  utilization  of 
possibilities,  not  hide-bound  prejudices  nor  habitual 
personal  and  business  inertia,  enwrapped  in  a 
mantle  of  "pharmaceutical  responsibility"  which 
merely  serves  to  hide  the  deficiencies  beneath. 


NON-SECRET     REMEDY     MISREPRESENTATION. 


The  principal  point  emphasized  in  the  contribu- 
tions printed  in  this  issue  upon  the  general  topic 
""What   Retail   Druggists   Really   Need"   is   this: 


That  the  status  of  a  "non-secret"  remedy  is  one 
of  misrepresentation  has  long  been  the  opinion  of 
many  in  the  drug  trade.  In  the  long  run  there  is 
nothing  to  be  gained  by  holding  oneself  out  to  be 
a  manufacturer  when  the  facts  are  all  against  one. 
This  is  especially  true  when  the  courts  place  the 
responsibility  for  the  character  of  the  remedj'  on 
the  individual  who  claims  to  be  the  manufacturer. 
That  the  real  manufacturer  of  the  "non-secret"  is 
not  liable  and  that  the  seller  whose  name  is  printed 
on  the  remedy  is  responsible,  in  so  far  as  the  ulti- 
mate consumer,  is  concerned,  is  the  decision  of  the 
ilassachusetts  courts. 


Juke,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


257 


Such  a  decree  was  handed  down  in  a  prosecution 
under  the  public  health  law  of  that  State  which 
provides  that  the  proprietor  of  a  wholesale  or  retail 
drug  store  shall  be  responsible  for  the  qualitj'  and 
strength  of  all  drugs  sold  by  him  "except  those 
articles  sold  in  the  original  packages  of  the  niauu- 
factm-er,  and  those  ai-ticles  known  as  patent  or 
proprietarj-  medicines."  It  appears  that  a  female 
customer  called  at  the  store  of  a  local  draggist  and 
asked  for  a  laxative.  The  clerk  sold  her  a  prepara- 
tion labeled  to  the  effect  that  the  contents  were 
manufactured  by  the  druggist,  although  such  was 
not  a  fact.  Suit  was  brought  against  the  druggist 
on  the  ground  that  the  preparation  contained  a 
•dangerous  substance  instead  of  a  harmless  laxative, 
the  evidence  of  which  was  substantiated.  The 
druggist  defended  himself  on  the  theorj'  that  he 
was  not  the  manufacturer,  the  court,  however,  ruling 
that  druggists  who  represented  themselves  as  being 
manufacturers  become  personally  liable  for  the 
misrepresentation. 

That  the  status  of  the  average  "non-secret"  is 
illegitimate  and  fostered  by  misrepresentation  is  a 
well-known  fact,  and  while  this  decision  places  the 
responsibility  for  its  being  upon  the  seller,  it  also 
-emphasizes  the  principle  repeatedly  handed  down 
by  the  tribunals  of  the  land  that  the  highest  de- 
gree of  care  must  be  used  by  the  di-uggist  to 
prevent  injury  from  the  use  of  his  compounds, 
because,  in  the  theory  of  the  law,  he  is  held  to  a 
special  degi'ee  of  responsibility  corresponding  with 
his  superior  knowledge.  How  the  druggist  can 
reconcile  this  dictum  to  "fathering"  some  of  the 
so-called  "non-secrets"  on  the  market  is  a  problem 
we  cannot  attempt  to  explain. 


PHARMACEXITICAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION  No.  1 


The  recent  organization  and  appointment  of  a 
staff  by  the  Board  of  Regents  of  the  University 
of  "Wisconsin  for  the  "first  pharmaceutical  experi- 
ment station,"  as  noted  in  our  news  coliimns,  is  in 
keeping  with  the  trend  of  modern  educational 
methods  for  correlating  teaching  systems  and  in- 
vestigations with  present-day  conditions.  The  es- 
tablishment of  the  station  also  marks  an  advance  in 
the  development  of  pharmacy  along  scientific  lines. 
That  the  legislators  should  be  prevailed  upon  to 
provide  for  such  an  uistitution,  also  speaks  well  for 
the  phai-macists  of  the  State,  more  especially  the 
members  of  the  "Wisconsin  Phannaceutical  Asso- 
ciation, whose  initiative  and  influence  brought 
about  the  passage  of  the  act  establi^ing  the  station. 

The  practical  value  of  the  experiment  station  in 
■developing  a  basis  for  teaching  agricultine  has  long 
been  an  accepted  fact,  and  these  institutions  have 
■contributed  not  a  little  toward  the  development  of 
a  more  rational  and  progressive  industry  on  the 
part  of  the  farming  conuuunity.  The  influence  of 
this  work  has  not  been  without  its  effect,  and  the 
■extension  of  the  idea  in  the  foundation  of  a  phar- 
maceutical experiment  station  is  but  another  step 
in  this  line  of  progress.  "We  believe  the  movement 
is  bound  to  grow  and  that  it  will  be  developed  in 
other  States  as  a  consequence  of  the  realization  of 


the  need  of  more  substantial  and  fundamental 
studies  which  deal  with  the  principles  and  more 
closely  follow  the  methods  of  scientific  investigation 
in  order  to  give  results  of  more  permanent  value 
and  more  general  application.  Tliis  idea  is  em- 
phasized in  the  wording  of  the  act  itself,  and  so 
long  as  those  in  charge  of  the  work  keep  in  view 
the  practical  results  to  be  obtained,  they  will  ren- 
der great  benefits  to  pharmacy.  Any  thorough 
scientific  investigation  of  the  problems  underlying 
the  successful  production  of  medicinal  plants,  or 
other  work  related  to  pharmacy,  is  sure  to  make 
for  the  betterment  of  the  public  and  phannacists. 

In  this  legislation  the  word  "co-operation"  has 
an  important  place,  and  the  proposed  work  of  the 
station  branches  out  along  two  different  but  eo- 
related  lines,  viz.,  scientific,  as  in  the  study  and 
dissemination  of  information  that  will  lead  to  the 
proper  cultivation  of  medicinal  plants  and  the 
production  of  high-grade  vegetable  drags  in  the 
State,  and  to  serve  the  public  by  co-operating  with 
phai-macists  and  physicians  in  securing  the  best 
medicines  for  the  sick  that  pharmaceutical  science 
and  art  can  provide,  and  by  working  with  the 
commissions  and  agencies  already  established  by 
the  State  to  bring  about  such  results.  In  this 
legislation  there  is  exhibited  a  spirit  of  altruism 
and  helpfulness  not  often  sho\\TL  in  measures  which 
are  proposed  for  enactment  into  laws. 

That  the  results  of  the  "first  pharmaceutical 
experiment  station"  will  justify  the  efforts  of  the 
"Wisconsin  pharmacists  who  inaugurated  the  move- 
ment for  its  establishment,  we  have  no  reason  to 
doubt.  It  is  an  old  saying  that  the  practice  of  the 
pharmacist  is  often  ahead  of  the  proof  of  the 
theorist,  but  in  these  latter  days  many  of  us  are 
willing  to  admit  that  the  work  of  the  theorist  is 
often  of  great  practical  benefit  to  the  pharmacist. 
Not  that  the  work  of  the  "station"  will  be  all 
theory,  but  that  theory  and  scientific  investigation 
will  be  combined  to  produce  practical  results  for 
the  benefit  of  the  public,  which,  from  the  viewpoint 
of  government  must  be  first  considered,  and  for 
the  pharmacist  who,  if  he  lives  up  to  his  oppor- 
timities,  is  sure  to  profit  more  tlian  any  other  class. 


A  CHANGE  IN  POLICY. 


The  annual  meeting  of  the  Proprietary  Associa- 
tion of  America,  recently  held  in  this  city,  was 
marked  by  what  might  be  termed  the  adoption  of 
a  policy  of  aggressive  progressiveness.  The  charge 
has  been  made,  and  it  was  reiterated  by  speakers  at 
the  meeting,  that  the  manufacturers  of  proprietary 
remedies  have  lacked  the  inclination  to  "fight 
back"  when  accused  of  questionable  advertising 
methods  or  lack  of  professional  ethics  in  both  the 
manufacture  and  distribution  of  their  goods.  But, 
following  the  suggestion  by  President  Cheney,  and 
an  address  by  a  Southern  advertising  man  who 
lanced  a  few  excrescences  on  the  body  politic,  the 
association  decided  to  employ  trained  men  to  follow 
lip  reported  cases  of  deaths  or  injuries  through  the 
use  of  proprietarj^  medicines,  with  a  view  to  get- 
ting at  the  actual  facts,  and  then  submitting  the 


25S 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


truth  to  newspapers  jmd  magazines  which  have  led 
the  army  of  "patent  medicine"  vilifiers. 

The  proprietary  men  take  the  ground,  and  in 
this  their  position  is  logical,  that  there  is  no  neces- 
sity for  the  growth  of  a  sentiment  against  the  use 
of  "their  products.  ;uid  they  believe  that  this  growth 
is  deliberately  fostered  by  physicians  and  by  others. 
From  now  on  ' "  pure  food ' '  advertising  on  the  part 
of  the  proprietarj-  men  will  be  joined  with  aggres- 
sive responses  to  any  attacks  made  upon  proprie- 
taries as  a  class.  The  policj^  will  still  be  one  of 
"watchful  waiting."  but  there  will  be  no  hesitation 
as  to  what  shall  be  done  when  the  watchers  un- 
earth an  unjust  attack,  or  a  prejudiced  criticism. 
There  is  no  lack  of  ability,  trained  technical  skill 
nor  business  acumen  among  the  members  of  the 
Proprietary  Association,  and  if  they  carrj-  the  war 
into  the  camp  of  their  critics  the  result  cannot  but 
prove  beneficial  to  all  concerned. 


articles  in  the  text  of  the  present  Pharmacopoeia, 
and  994  articles  in  the  U.S. P.  of  1890. 


THE    NEW    ERA    FORMULARY. 


THE    NEW    PHARMACOPOEIA. 


Interest  in  the  forthcoming  edition  of  the  Phar- 
macopoeia is  evidenced  in  various  sections  of  the 
country,  and  a  number  of  indications  as  to  the 
character  of  the  book  are  reflected  in  various  pages 
of  this  issue  of  the  Era.  In  the  first  place,  attention 
is  called  to  another  instalment  of  the  proposed  new 
descriptions  and  standards  which  appear  in  some- 
what condensed  form,  giving  in  outline  the  require- 
ments that  it  is  expected  wiU  obtain  for  some  30 
official  drugs  derived  from  the  vegetable  or  animal 
kingdoms.  As  wUl  be  noted,  the  language  employed 
in  describing  the  various  drugs  is  technical  and 
specific,  and  such  as  might  well  be  expected  of  a 
book  of  standards.  Just  how  much  of  this  can  be 
utilized  by  the  physician  in  the  practice  of  his 
profession  remains  to  be  seen,  but  enough  is  shown 
in  what  has  already  been  made  public  to  convince 
any  one  that  the  book  has  been  largely  evolved  by 
pharmacists  and  chemists,  and  as  such,  will  figure 
more  in  the  pharmacy  and  laboratory  than  in  the 
doctor's  office. 

Another  reference  to  the  forthcoming  book  ap- 
pears in  our  report  of  Prof.  Remington's  address 
before  the  recent  meeting  of  the  New  York  Branch 
of  the  A.Ph.A.,  printed  on  another  page.  Accord- 
ing to  Prof.  Remington,  the  work  of  revision  is  fast 
approaching  completion  and  the  book  is  soon  to  be 
printed.  It  will  contain  the  same  requirements  as 
to  strength  and  dosage  of  all  powerful  preparations 
as  those  provided  by  the  leading  pharmacopoeias 
of  the  world.  That  similar  standards  or  require- 
ments could  be  exacted  of  all  official  preparations, 
desirable  as  such  practice  might  be  in  many  re- 
spects, is  not  possible  imder  present  conditions, 
and  so  for  many  of  the  drugs,  we  shall  follow  as 
we  have  done  in  previous  editions,  the  definitions 
and  standards  evolved  by  ourselves,  and  especially 
so  for  those  substances  that  are  peculiar  to  Ameri- 
can practice  and  usage.  Taken  altogether,  the  in- 
dications point  to  the  production  of  a  pharmaco- 
poeia of  which  the  American  pharmacist  can  well 
be  proud.  As  now  seems  probable,  there  wiU  be 
798  articles  in  the  new  book,  as  compared  with  958 


-V  CONST^VNT  and  increasing  revenue  is  to  be  de- 
rived from  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  cleaning 
fluids,  disinfectants,  insecticides,  and  the  hundreds 
of  preparations  or  compounds  used  in  the  house- 
hold or  shop,  that  is,  if  the  druggist  will  only  take 
advantage  of  letting  customers  know  that  he  can 
supply  their  wants  in  this  direction.  Opportunities 
of  this  character  come  to  hand  almost  every  day. 
The  demand  is  constant  and  the  druggist  has  the 
qualifications.  It  is  to  meet  just  such  conditions 
that  the  new  Era  Formulary  has  been  compiled 
and  published.  In  this  collection  of  more  than 
8000  formulas  by  actual  count,  there  are  formulas 
that  will  appeal  to  workers  in  almost  everj'  field 
of  endeavor.  In  the  division  devoted  to  toilet 
preparations  there  are  hundreds  of  formulas  which 
not  only  tell  how  to  make  a  given  specialty,  but 
they  carry  with  them  suggestions  as  to  what  might 
be  profitably  exploited  in  a  given  field.  The  great 
number  of  these  easy-to-make,  inexpensive  prepara- 
tions on  the  market  is  the  evidence  of  the  great 
demand  for  ready-made  specialties,  a  demand  the 
druggist  should  and  can  supply,  if  he  will  equip 
himself  for  the  work.  A  hint  is  aU  that  is  necessary 
to  start  the  thinking  processes  of  many  individuals, 
but  when  the  suggestion  and  formula  for  a  prepa- 
ration or  specialty  are  furnished,  almost  any  prac- 
tical worker  should  become  a  manufacturer  and 
make  money  by  his  labors. 


For  weeks  past  pre-convention  rhetoric  has  been  drifting, 
into  the  stores  of  pharmacists  like  the  waves  of  the  ever- 
rolling  sea,  setting  forth  in  language  bristling  with  adjectives 
the  attractions  of  this  or  that  place  and  what  the  druggist  will 
experience  if  he  will  only  attend  the  forthcoming  meeting  of 
his  State  pharmaceutical  association.  If  words  are  of  any 
value,  the  recipients  of  these  invitations  should  even  now  have 
completed  their  arrangements  to  be  present  and  help  along  the 
calling  in  which  they  make  their  living,  and  incidentally,  pre- 
pare to  have  a  good  time.  By  all  means  attend  these  meetings; 
the  arrangements  for  transportation  are  most  favorable,  and 
generous  programmes  have  been  prepared.  But  there  are 
weightier  reasons  why  the  pharmacist  should  attend  the  meet- 
ing of  his  State  association.  These  organizations  are.  and 
always  have  been,  a  chaimel  for  the  dissemination  of  knowl- 
edge, and  their  work  tends  to  unify  the  efforts  of  pharmacists 
whether  in  the  direction  of  educational  standards,  legislative 
enactments,  or  of  matters  vital  to  trade.  June  and  July  are 
"association  months,"  and  if  you  have  not  already  declared 
your  intention  to  attend  the  proposed  gathering  of  pharmacists 
in  your  own  State,  you  should  do  so  at  once.  The  money 
expense  for  such  a  holiday  is  negligible  when  compared  with 
the  results  you  are  likely  to  gain  by  measuring  your  own 
success  or  failure  with  that  of  other  pharmacists. 


Ik  our  account  of  the  original  application  of  vacuum  evapo- 
ration to  the  preparation  of  pharmaceutical  extracts,  which 
appears  in  this  issue  of  the  Era.  we  trust  that  we  have  placed 
an  obstacle  in  the  way  of  the  further  progress  of  the  mistaken 
notion  that  Dr.  .■Mexander  Marcet  is  responsible  for  the  in- 
vention. An  error  in  an  oft-consulted  German  index  of  scien- 
tific papers  seems  to  have  given  the  false  idea  its  initial 
impetus,  and  it  is  high  time  that  its  career  was  cut  short,  the 
more  so  since  there  are  indications  that  this  mistake  in 
credit  is  to  be  given  a  new  lease  of  life  in  a  work  soon  to- 
appear  abroad.  It  is  interesting  to  note  that  Barry's  apparatus 
was  in  use,  without  essential  modification,  as  late  as  25  years. 


June,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


25» 


ago.  The  apparatus  of  Lentz,  described  in  Hager's  "Hand- 
buch,"  differs  in  no  important  detail  from  the  original  design 
of  Barr>',  save  that  the  condenser  is  placed  directly  above  the 
still,  as  in  the  old  alembic,  instead  of  being  connected  with  the 
evaporator  by  a  tube.  Inefficient  and  all  too  simple  as  the 
old  form  was,  it  yet  served  to  point  the  way  to  the  only 
proper  method  of  making  extracts  without  deterioration,  and  as 
the  pioneer  in  the  scientific  manufacture  of  this  important 
class  of  galenicals,  the  homage  of  all  pharmacists  is  due  to 
John  T.  Barry. 


Pharmacists  of  New  York  who  are  employers  of  labor 
should  note  that  the  Attorney-General  of  the  State  has  ren- 
dered an  opinion  which  makes  it  clear  that  the  Walters  law 
enacted  by  the  last  Legislature,  and  recently  signed  by  the 
Governor,  re-establishes  the  operation  of  the  State  Pharmacy 
law  over  the  hours  of  labor  of  all  employees  in  pharmacies, 
and  that  regardless  o'  their  sex  or  occupation,  or  whether  they 
are  registered  as  pharmacists  or  apprentices  or  not.  This 
amendment  to  the  public  health  law  is  printed  elsewhere  in 
this  issue  of  the  Era,  and  provides  that  the  hours  shall  be  so 
arranged  that  an  employee  shall  be  entitled  to  and  shall 
receive  at  least  one  afternoon  and  evening  off  in  each  week 
and  in  addition  thereto  shall  receive  one  full  day  off  in  two 
consecutive  weeks.  The  passage  of  this  amendment  settles 
the  contention  of  the  officials  who  endeavored  to  apply  the 
provisions  of  the  State  labor  law  to  the  working  hours  of  the 
employees  in  pharmacies,  and  establishes  the  fact  that  the 
pharmacy  hiw  is  comprehensive  enough  to  regulate  the  practice 
of  pharmacy. 


Books  Reviewed 


EPIDEMIOLOGIC  STUDIES  OF  ACUTE  ANTERIOR  POLIO- 
MYELITIS. By  Wade  H.  Frost.  8vo.,  258  pages.  Bulletin 
No.  90,  Hygienic  Laboratory,  United  States  Public  Health 
Service,  Washington,  D.   C. 

THE  CAUSE  OF  DEATH  FROM  SUBDURAL  INJECTIONS  OF 
SERUM.  By  Worth  Hale,  and  Some  new  Cholera  Selective 
Media,  by  Joseph  Goldberger.  8vo.,  43  pages.  Bulletin  No.  91, 
Hygienic  Laboratory,  United  States  Public  Health  Service, 
Washington,    D.    C. 

The  first  of  these  bulletins  comprises  a  report  of  the  studies 
that  have  been  carried  out  for  three  consecutive  years  relating 
to  the  causation,  intensity  and  extent  of  the  various  outbreaks 
of  the  dread  disease  known  as  acute  anterior  poliomyelitis,  the 
material  forming  the  basis  of  the  studies  being  derived  from 
an  investigation  of  the  disease  in  Iowa  in  1910,  in  Cincinnati 
in  1911,  and  in  Buffalo  and  Batavia  in  1912.  The  essential 
facts  brought  out  by  the  experimental  studies  of  the  numerous 
workers  who  have  investigated  the  disease  are  that  the  specific 
cause  of  poliomyelitis  is  a  minute  micro-organism,  a  so-called 
virus,  capable  of  cultivation  in  vitro  on  suitable  media.  The 
facts  presented  tend  to  show  that  the  infection  is  and  has  been 
endemic,  at  least  in  this  country,  for  a  number  of  years,  and 
that  the  disease  is  constantly  present,  especially  and  most 
persistently  in  large  cities.  The  immunity  of  adults  from  the 
disease,  however,  appears  to  be  relatively  greater  in  large, 
thickly-populated  cities  than  in  smaller  towns,  especially  greater 
than  in  rather  remote  rural  sections.  It  is  noted,  also,  that 
in  large  cities  epidemic  outbreaks  are  confined  more  exclusively 
to  children  under  five  years  of  age.  This  is  explained  by  the 
fact  that  persons  residing  in  densely-populated  large  cities 
have  been  more  generally  immunized  in  early  life  than  have 
those  living  in  more  remote  rural  sections,  as  would  be  ex- 
pected, considering  the  greater  chances  for  contact  in  large 
cities. 

Dr.  Hale's  studies,  reported  in  Bulletin  No.  91,  tend  to 
substantiate  Kramer's  contention  that  trikresol  is  a  dangerous 
preservative  for  sera  which  are  to  be  introduced  into  the 
subarachnoid  space,  or  in  any  way  whereby  they  will  be 
brought  directly  in  contact  with  the  vital  nervous  centers.  It 
would  appear  that  death  may  result  from  the  introduction  of 
antimeningitis  serum  containing  such  a  preservative,  and  on 
this  account  an  effort  should  be  made  to  discover  a  serum 
preservative  which  would  not  have  the  peculiarly  toxic  action 
of  the  agent  named  on  the  central  nervous  system.  Failing  in 
that,  antimeningitis  serum  should  be  dispensed  in  sterile  con- 
tainers  free   from   sny   preservative. 


As  a  result  of  the  experiments  recorded  by  Dr.  Goldberger 
in  his  studies  on  "Some  New  Cholera  Selective  Media,"  which 
forms  Part  2  of  this  bulletin,  the  author  would  choose  and 
recommend  for  use  as  a  culture  medium  the  alkaline-egg-pep- 
tone solution,  his  reason  therefor  being  based  on  considerations 
of  ease  and  simplicity  of  preparation  as  well  as  reasonable  cost. 


BIOCHEMIC  DRUG  ASSAY  METHODS  with  special  reference 
to  the  pharmacodynamic  standardization  of  drugs.  By  Paul 
S.  Pittenger,  Ph.G.,  Ph.C,  Phar.D.,  instructor  in  pharmaco- 
dynamics, departments  of  pharmacy  and  chemistry,  Medico- 
Chirurgical  College,  Philadelphia,  etc.;  edited  by  F.  E.  Stew- 
jrt.  M.D.,  Ph.G.,  professor  of  materia  medica  and  botany, 
Medico-Chirurgical  College,  Philadelphia,  etc.  12mo.,  158  pages 
Cloth,  $1.50.     Philadelphia.     P.    Blakiston's   Son    &   Co. 

This  manual,  according  to  the  author,  is  intended  for  stu- 
dents of  pharmacy,  pharmaceutical  chemistry  and  medicine,  and 
for  the  use  of  experts  engaged  in  laboratories  devoted  to  drug 
standardization  work.  In  this  book,  as  might  be  expected, 
the  author  takes  up  in  order  most  of  the  well-known  organic 
drugs  which  cannot  be  satisfactorily  assayed  by  chemical 
methods,  such  as  digitalis,  ergot,  cannabis  indica,  etc.  The 
introductory  chapter  is  devoted  to  a  discussion  of  the  importance 
of  assay  methods,  definitions,  history,  drugs  requiring  bio- 
chemic  assay,  variation  of  non-standardized  preparations,  de- 
terioration, and  type  methods  available  for  the  physiologic 
study  and  standardization  of  vegetable  and  animal  drugs. 
These  considerations  are  further  developed  under  the  follow- 
ing chapter  headings:  Cardiac  Stimulants  and  Depressants; 
Epinephrine  and  Products  of  the  Suprarenal  Gland;  Ergot; 
Pituitary  Extracts ;  Cannabis  Indica;  Technique  and  Apparatus 
Employed,  and  Solutions.  Supplementing  the  text  are  89 
illustrations  and  diagrams  which  add  not  a  little  to  the  value 
of  the  work.  This  book  is  commended  to  students,  but  it 
should  also  prove  of  service  to  pharmacists  who  have  had 
little  or  no  training  in  this  particular  field,  yet  who  wish 
to  have  at  command  general  information  relating  to  the  bio- 
chemic  methods  employed   in  drug  assaying. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  THIRD  ANNUAL  MEETING  of  the 
National  Association  of  Manufacturers  of  Medicinal  Products 
8vo.,  219  pages.     Cloth. 

This  volume  contains  the  proceedings  of  the  annual  meeting  of 
the  above-named  association  held  at  the  Waldorf-Astoria  Hotel, 
this  city,  on  Feb.  10  and  11,  of  the  present  year,  as  also  a 
list  of  the  officers  and  various  committees,  the  roll  of  member- 
ship, and  a  transcript  of  the  constitution  and  by-laws  of  the 
association.  The  membership,  according  to  the  secretary's 
report,  now  numbers  30,  representative  of  the  leading  manu- 
facturers of  medicinal  products  in  the  United  States.  A  perusal' 
of  the  volume  shows  that  the  members  of  this  as.=ociation  also 
have  their  troubles  in  meeting  the  varying  provisions  o^  (he- 
laws  and  regulations  obtaining  in  the  several  States,  and  any 
effort  the  members  may  make  in  bringing  about  greater  uni- 
formity in  the  requirements  of  the  food  and  drug  laws  is  sure 
to  benefit  the  drug  trade  as  a  whole.  The  volume  carries 
several  full-page  portraits,  among  them  being  the  front  spiece 
delineating  the  features  of  Frank  G.  Ryan,  who  served  as 
president  of  the  association  from  its  organization  until  Feb- 
ruary of  the  present  year. 


SYNON'VTHS   AND    ANTONYMS.     An    alphabetical    list    of    words 
in    common    use,    grouped   with    others    of    similar    and    opposite 
meaning.      By    Edith    B.    Ordway,    author   of    "The    Etiquette    of 
Today,"     "Slips     of     Speech     and     Punctuation,"     etc.       12mo 
292  pages.     Cloth,  $1.00  net.     New  York.     Sully  and  Kleinteich. 

To  those  who  are  occasionally  called  upon  to  put  their 
thoughts  in  writing,  or  who  are  entrusted  with  general  office 
correspondence,  this  book  will  supply  a  material  want,  as  it 
will  give  to  the  user  a  certain  command  in  the  choice  of 
words  that  will  best  express  his  thought,  and  at  the  same 
time  enable  him  to  make  a  selection  that  will  at  least,  as  our 
old  friend  Roget  would  say,  "save  him  the  cost  of  a  clumsy 
paraphrase  or  the  labor  of  a  tortuous  circumlocution."  The 
lists  of  words  given  in  the  book  number  about  5000,  while 
the  synonyms  and  antonyms  comprise  several  thousand  more 
different  words,  quite  enough  to  satisfy  all  ordinary  demands 
for  help  of  this  character.  So  far  as  we  have  discovered,  the 
compiler's  work  shows  a  keen  sense  of  discrimination  in  her 
selection  of  words,  somewhat  substantiating  the  publishers* 
claim  that  the  "book  contains  thousands  of  words  with  their 
opposites  whicli  will  not  be  found  in  any  other  volume." 


260 


THE    PII-lKilACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


Chano-es  in  the  New  Pharmacopoeia  —  Third   Instalment  —  Standards   for   Drugs.* 


Condensed  abstract  of  Proposed  Definitions  and  Standards 
Relating  to  Drugs  oi  Vegetable  and  Animal  Origin  submitted 
by  the  Committee  of  Ret-ision  for  incorporation  into  the  next 
edition  of  the  Pharmacopoeia. 

(Continued  from  page  20S  May  Era.) 

GAMBIR — A  dried  extract  prepared  from  decoctions  of  the 
leaves  and  twigs  of  Ourouparia  Gambir  (Hunter)  Baillon 
(.Fam.  Rubiaceic).  Usually  in  cubical  or  rectangular 
tneces;  from  20  to  30  mm.  in  diameter;  externally  pale  gray- 
ish-brown to  reddish-brown,  more  or  less  dull  and  porous; 
friable,  internally  of  a  light  brown  or  dull  eartliy  color;  in- 
odorous: taste  bitterish  and  very  astringent.  Upon  scraping  a 
piece  of  gambir  and  mounting  tlie  separated  fragments  in 
hydrated  chloral  T.S.  and  examining  them  under  the  micro- 
scope, numerous  acicular  crystals,  from  0.010  to  0.030  mm. 
in  length,  should  separate  at  the  edges  of  the  fragments  which 
gradually  dissolve  leaving  a  few  thick-walled,  non-glandular 
hairs,  which  when  entire,  may  be  0.350  mm.  in  length;  a  few 
fragments  of  leaves  may  also  be  present  showing  either  epi- 
dermal cells  or  small,  narrow  trachea  with  spiral  or  annular 
markings;  a  few  starch  grains  either  single  or  compound,  of 
variable  shape  and  from  0.005  to  0.015  mm.  in  diameter;  a 
number  of  bacteria  may  also  be  present.  Macerate  1  gm.  of 
gambir  with  50  cc.  of  water  and  filter.  Separate  portions  of 
this  filtrate  shou'.d  give  an  intense  green  color  witli  dilute 
ferric  chloride  T.S.  and  no  precipitate  with  copper  sulphate 
T.S.  Not  less  than  65  per  cent,  of  gambir  should  be  soluble 
in  water  and  not  less  than  60  per  cent,  should  be  soluble  in 
alcohol.  Ash  changed  from  "not  more  than  5  per  cent."  to 
"not  exceeding  9  per  cent." 

Ge/.se»iiu»!— Rhizome,  cylindrical,  usually  in  pieces  from  3 
to  20  cm.  in  length,  and  from  3  to  30  mm.  in  diameter;  ex- 
ternally light  vellowish-brown,  longitudmally  wrinkled,  with 
purplish-brown,'  longitudinal  lines  and  transverse  fissures;  the 
upper  surface  with  a  few  stem-scars,  the  under  and  side  por- 
tions with  numerous  roots  and  root-scars;  fracture  tough, 
splintery;  mternally  light  brown  or  pale  yellow,  bark  thm,  wood 
distinctly  radiate,  excentral,  pith  disintegrated;  odor  slight; 
taste  bitter  Roots,  light  brown;  fracture  one-half  transverse, 
the  other  oblique  or  splintery.  Powder:  Dark  yellow,  tracheae 
with  bordered  pores,  numerous  and  conspicuous,  spiral  trachese 
few-  bast-fibres  and  tracheids  long  and  narrow,  strongly  ligni- 
fied;  starch  grains  spherical,  from  0.004  to  0.008  mm.  in  diame- 
ter-calcium oxalate  in  monodinic  prisms  from  0.015  to  0.030 
mnl  in  length;  occasional  groups  of  stone  cells  or  sclerenchy- 
matous  fibres,  the  walls  being  very  thick,  porous  and  strongly 
lignified. 

Gentiana— In  nearlv  cylindrical,  sometimes  branching  pieces, 
of  variable  length,  from  5  to  35  mm.  in  thickness;  externally 
vellowish-brown,  the  rhizome  portion  aimulate,  the  roots  longi- 
tudinallv  wrinkled;  fracture  short  and  uneven  when  dry,  but 
tough  and  flexible  when  damp;  internally  yellow-ish-brow-n, 
the  bark  from  0.5  to  2  mm.  in  thickness,  separated  from  the 
somewhat  spongy,  woody  portion  by  a  dark  brown  pmbium 
zone-  odor  strong,  characteristic;  taste  slightly  sweetish,  then 
strongly  and  persistently  bitter.  Powder:  Light  brown  or 
vellowish-bro^^-n,  consisting  chiefly  of  parenchymatous  cells 
w-ith  fragments  of  scalariform  or  reticulate  trachea;  starch 
grains  few  or  none.  Stone  cells  and  sclerenchymatous  fibres 
are  absent  (absence  of  endocarp  of  Olea  Europea  Linne).  Ash 
not  exceeding  6  per  cent. 

GH-c-^Trfeisa— Botanical  sources  now  given  as  Glycyrrhiza 
glabra  Linne  var.  t>-pica  Kegel  et  Herder,  or  Glycyrrhiza  glabra 
Linne  var.  glandulifera  Regel  et  Herder.  Spaiiish  Licorice: 
(also  known  as  Italian,  Levant,  Turkish  or  .\rabian  Licorice  . 
Nearly  cylindrical,  upper  portion  more  or  less  knotty,  usual  y 
in  pieces  from  14  to  20  cm.  or  more  m  length,  and  from  3  to 
20  mm  in  thickness;  externally  yellowish-bro^-n  or  dark  brown 
longitudinally  wrinkled,  the  thinner  rhizomes  bemg  often  wuA 
prominent  alternate  buds,  the  thicker  rhizomes  with  d.stmct 
S  patches;  fracture  coarsely  fibrous;  internally  lemon- 
yellow,  radiate,  bark  1  to  3  mm.  in  thickness;  wood  porous, 
i^  narrow   wedges,   rhizome   with  small   pith;    odor   distinct; 

'~^rmission  to  use  granted  by  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees,   United  States  Pharmacopoeial  Convention. 


taste  sweetish  and  slightly  acrid.  Russian  Licorice:  Nearly 
cylindrical,  somewhat  tapering,  sometimes  split  longitudinally, 
from  15  to  30  cm.  in  length,  and  from  1  to  5  cm.  in  diameter, 
when  deprived  of  the  outer  corky  layer  it  is  externally  pale 
lemon-yellow;  fracture  coarsely  fibrous,  internally  lemon-yellow; 
wood  radially  cleft;  odor  distinct;  taste  sweetish.  Microscopi- 
cal characteristics  are  given  for  both  varieties  of  licorice  in 
powdered  form.     Ash  not  exceeding  7  per  cent. 

Granatum — The  dried  bark  of  the  stem  and  root  of  Punica 
Granatum  Linne  (Fam.  Punicaces)  with  not  more  than  2 
per  cent,  of  wood  and  other  foreign  matter.  Stem  Bark : 
Mostly  in  somewhat  flattened  or  transversely  curved  pieces, 
to  some  extent  in  quills,  2  to  S  cm.  in  length;  bark  0.5  to  3.5 
mm.  in  thickness;  outer  surface  yellowish  to  grayish-browTi, 
with  grayish  patches  of  foliaceous  lichens  with  their  brownish- 
black  apotliecia,  longitudinally  wrinkled,  also  marked  with 
small  broadly  elliptical  lenticels  and  with  more  or  less  abraded 
patches  of  cork ;  inner  surface  light  yellow  or  yellowish-brown , 
finely  striate;  fracture  short,  smooth,  inner  bark  yellowish-green; 
odor  slight;  taste  astringent,  somewhat  bitter  and  nauseous. 
Root  Bark:  In  transversely  curved  pieces;  externally  brownish- 
yellow  to  dark  brown  and  with  irregular  patches  of  cork ; 
internally  dark  yellow,  the  medullary  rays  extending  nearly  to 
the  outer  surface.  Microscopical  characteristics  of  the  pow- 
dered drug  are  given.  Ash  not  exceeding  16  per  cent.  Grana- 
tum should  not   be  kept  longer  than  one  year. 

Grindelia — The  dried  leaves  and  flowering  tops  of  Grindelia 
camporum,  Greene,  or  Grindelia  cuneifolia  Nuttall,  or  Grindelia 
squarrosa  (Pursh)  Dunal  (Fam.  Composite),  with  not  more 
than  10  per  cent,  of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Stems 
with  attached  branches  and  terminated  wnth  resinous  flower- 
heads;  stems  cylindrical,  not  exceeding  2  mm.  in  diameter, 
light  yellow  or  rose  colored,  with  alternate  leaf-scars,  occasionally 
with  basal  portions  of  leaves,  occasionally  more  or  less  irregu- 
larly flexuous  and  coated  with  resin  especially  at  the  nodes; 
leaves  usually  separate  and  more  or  less  broken  and  varying 
in  shape  when  entire  from  oblong  and  lanceolate  to  oblanceo- 
late-spatulate  and  cuneate-spatulate,  1  to  7  cm.  in  length,  mostly 
sessile  or  amplexicaule  and  more  or  less  sharply  serrate  or  evenly 
spinosely  toothed,  pale  yellow  to  yellowish-green,  very  resinous, 
somewhat  coriaceous  and  brittle ;  bracts  of  flowering  branches 
almost  entire  and  usually  more  or  less  spreading;  heads  more  or 
less  resinous,  viscid,  many-flowered,  either  conical-urceolate  or  de- 
pressed-urceolate,  involucres  5  to  20  mm.  in  breadth,  composed 
of  numerous  imbricated  bracts  w-ith  more  or  less  recurved  tips; 
ray  florets  yellow,  ligulate  and  pistillate;  disk  florets  yellow, 
tubular  and  perfect;  pappus  of  2  or  3  mostly  unequal,  linear 
awns  about  the  length  of  the  disk  florets;  disk  achenes  more 
or  less  ovoid  or  oblong,  more  or  less  compressed  or  triquetrous, 
and  either  bi-auricu!ate  or  broadly  unidentate  or  with  a  broad 
truncate,  corky-thickened  summit;  odor  balsamic;  taste  aromatic 
and  bitter,  resinous. 

Guaiacum — In  irregular,  or  in  large,  nearly  homogeneous 
masses,  occasionally  in  more  or  less  rounded  or  ovoid  tears, 
enclosing  fragments  of  vegetable  tissues;  externally  greenish- 
gray-brown,  the  fractured  surface  having  a  glassy  lustre,  the 
thin  pieces  being  translucent  and  varying  in  color  from  yellow- 
ish to  reddish-brown ;  odor  balsamic ;  taste  slightly  acrid. 
Guaiac  should  melt  at  from  80°  to  90°  C.  It  is  readily  soluble 
in  alcohol,  ether,  chloroform,  creosote,  and  in  solutions  of  the 
alkalies  or  of  hydrated  chloral  T.S.  It  is  sparingly  soluble  in 
carbon  disulphide  or  benzene. 

Guarana — Powder:  Light  pinkish-brown;  consisting  mostly 
of  irregular  masses  of  parenchyma  containing  more  or  less 
altered  starch  grains;  unaltered  starch  grains  occasional,  vary- 
ing from  spherical  and  polygonal  to  ellipsoidal  and  broadly 
ovoid,  from  0.010  to  0.025  mm.  in  diameter;  occasional  frag- 
ments with  narrow  elongated  sclerenchymatous  cells,  the  walls 
being  thick,  yellowish  and  non-lignified.  Add  0.001  gm.  of 
powdered  Guarana  to  a  slide,  upon  which  a  drop  of  hydro- 
chloric acid  has  previously  been  placed,  add  a  drop  of  gold 
chloride  T.S.  and  allow  the  mixture  to  stand  for  a  few  minutes. 
Beginning  at  the  edge  of  the  mount,  crystals  of  caffeine-gold 
chloride  should  be  separate  in  the  form  of  orthorhombic  plates 
and  needles,  the  latter  usually  occurring  in  spheroidal  aggre- 
gates and  finally  forming  branching  groups. 

Humulus — Hops  may  include  not  more  than  2  per  cent,   of 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


261 


stems,  leaves  and  other  foreign  matter.  Scales  "imbricated." 
Color  described  as  strong  and  characteristic,  becoming  disagree- 
able and  valerian-like  on  aging.  Ash  not  e.xceeding  8  per  cent. 
Hops  should  be  dried  at  a  temperature  not  exceeding  70° C. 
and  should  be  kept  in  ^ir-tight  containers  protected  from  the 
light. 

Hydrastis — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  2  per  cent. 
of  stems,  leaves  and  other  foreign  matter.  Rhizome  horizontal 
or  oblique,  sub-cylindrical  and  usually  more  or  less  fle.xuous, 
1  to  5  cm.  in  length  and  2  to  7  mm.  in  diameter,  occasionally 
with  stem-bases;  e.xternally  yellowish  or  grayish-brown,  marked 
by  numerous  stem  scars  and  more  or  less  annulate  from  scars 
of  bud-scales,  otherwise  deeply  longitudinally  wrinkled,  and  on 
the  under  and  lateral  portions  arise  numerous  long,  filiform  roots 
which  are  easily  detached ;  fracture  short,  waxy ;  internally  of 
a  deep  yellow  color  and  consisting  mostly  of  parenchyma  en- 
closing an  interrupted  circle  of  small  fibro-vascular  bundles; 
odor  distinct ;  taste  bitter.  Microscopical  characteristics  of 
powdered  drug  are  given. 

Hyoscyamus — The  dried  leaves  and  flowering  or  fruiting  tops 
of  Hyoscyamus  niger  Linne  (Fam.  Solanaceje).  Usually  much 
wrinkled,  with  numerous  stems  and  with  the  flowering  or  fruit- 
ing tops  intermLxed;  leaves  when  entire  attaining  a  length  of 
25  cm.  and  a  breadth  of  10  cm.,  ovate  or  ovate-oblong,  very 
inequilateral,  the  lower  with  short  petioles,  the  upper  sessile, 
summits  acute,  margins  coarsely  and  angularly  1-  to  4-toothed 
or  lobed,  grayish-green,  glandular-hairy,  particularly  on  the 
lower  surfaces;  flowers  nearly  sessile  with  aji  urn-shaped  un- 
equally 5-toothed  caly.x  and  a  campanulate  corolla  which  in 
the  fresh  state  is  of  a  yellowish  color;  fruit  a  2-locular  py.xis, 
and  enclosed  in  a  large  urn-shaped  caly.x  with  5  acute  teeth; 
odor  heavy,  distinct;  taste  somewhat  bitter  and  acrid.  Stems 
from  3  to  7  cm.  in  length  and  from  2  to  5  mm.  in  thickness, 
nearly  cylindrical  or  somewhat  compressed,  longitudinally  wrin- 
kled and  hairy.  Microscopical  characteristics  of  powdered  drug 
are  outlined.  The  presence  of  the  leaves  of  Hyoscyamus 
muticus  Linne  in  either  the  crude  or  powdered  drug  of  hyoscy- 
amus may  be  determined  by  the  characteristic  branching  non- 
glandular  hairs  occurring  on  both  the  stems  and  leaves  of  H. 
muticus.     Ash  not  exceeding  30  per  cent. 

Ipecacuanha — Ipecac  may  contain  not  more  than  10  per  cent, 
of  stems.  Rio  Ipecac:  In  cylincirical  pieces,  curved  and  sharply 
flexuous,  occasionally  branched,  from  3  to  15  cm.  in  length, 
and  from  2.4  to  4  mm.  in  thickness;  externally  dark  brown, 
closely  annulated  with  thickened,  incomplete  rings,  and  usually 
exhibiting  transverse  fissures  with  vertical  sides;  fracture  of 
bark  short,  of  wood  tough,  bark  very  thick,  light  brown,  easily 
separable  from  the  yellowish-white  wood;  odor  very  slight, 
peculiar,  the  dust  sternutatory ;  taste  bitter  and  nauseous,  some- 
what acrid.  Stems  cylindrical,  attaining  a  length  of  10  cm.  and 
a  thickness  of  2  mm.,  dark  brown,  finely  longitudinally  wrinkled 
and  with  a  few  elliptical  scars.  Carthagena  Ipecac:  Cylindrical 
or  slenderly  fusiform,  more  or  less  tortuous,  from  3  to  12  cm. 
in  length,  and  from  4  to  6.5  mm.  in  thickness;  externally  gray- 
ish-brown, the  annulations  usually  not  so  numerous  as  in  Rio 
Ipecac,  occasionally  transversely  fissured  and  with  circular  scars 
of  roots;  bark  2  mm.  in  thickness,  dark  brown,  smooth,  some- 
what horny,  and  easily  separable  from  the  light  brown  wood. 
Stems  attaining  a  length  of  10  cm.  and  a  thickness  of  from 
2  to  3  mm.,  cylindrical,  somewhat  zigzag,  due  to  the  prominent 
nodes  with  their  elliptical  stem-scars,  grayish  or  dark  brown 
and  longitudinally  wrinkled;  bark  thin. 

Jalapa — Fusiform,  irregularly  ovoid  or  pyriform,  upper  end 
more  or  less  rounded,  lower  end  slightly  tapering,  the  large 
roots  often  incised  or  cut  into  pieces;  from  4  to  15  cm.  in 
length,  from  12  to  60  mm.  in  diameter;  externally  dark  brown, 
longitudinally  wrinkled  or  furrowed  and  with  numerous  lenti- 
cels;  hard,  compact,  not  fibrous;  when  broken  internally,  dark 
brown,  mealy  or  waxy,  bark  1  to  2  mm.  in  thickness,  outer 
bundles  separated  from  outer  cortical  layer  by  a  distinct  brown 
cambium  zone;  odor  slight  but  peculiar,  smoky  and  sweetish; 
taste  sweetish  and  acrid. 

Kino — The  spontaneously  dried  juice.  In  small,  angular  frag- 
ments, usually  considerably  less  than  15  mm.  in  diameter,  vary- 
ing in  color  from  a  dark  reddish-brown  to  reddish-black,  brittle; 
when  crushed  upon  a  slide  and  examined  under  the  microscope, 
the  angular  fragments  are  more  or  less  translucent  with  a  glass- 
like, conchoidal  surface,  the  thinner  pieces  having  a  yellowish- 
red  or  deep  brownish-red  color,  the  pieces  often  being  marked 
by  nearly   parallel,    curved   or   straight   lines;    inodorous;    taste 


very  astringent;  when  masticated  it  colors  the  saliva  pinkish. 
Kino  is  only  partly  soluble  in  cold  water,  and  not  less  than  40 
per  cent,  should  be  soluble  in  boiling  water,  the  latter  upon 
cooling  and  filtering  should  show  a  faintly  acid  reaction,  give 
a  dark  green  precipitate  with  ferric  chloride  T.S.,  and  a  reddish- 
violet  color  with  alkalies.  Alcoholic  extractive  not  less  than  45 
per  cent.  Moisture  content  not  more  than  12  per  cent.  .\sh 
not  exceeding  3  per  cent. 

Krameria — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  5  per  cent, 
of  stems.  The  family  name  changed  from  "Krameriaces"  to 
Leguminosa;.  Peruvian  Rhatany:  It  consists  of  a  knotty, 
several-  to  many-headed  crown  with  numerous  branching  roots; 
the  latter  rarely  attaining  a  length  of  50  cm.  and  usually  less 
than  1  cm.  in  thickness,  cylindrical,  somewhat  tapering,  flexuous 
or  wavy  and  very  flexible,  externally  liglit  reddish-brown  or 
brownish-red,  more  or  less  marked  with  dark,  scaly  cork,  es- 
pecially in  the  upper  portion,  otherwise  nearly  smooth,  some- 
what longitudinally  wrinkled  and  devoid  of  transverse  fissures; 
fracture  of  bark  slightly  fibrous,  of  wood  tough  and  splintery, 
the  pinkish-brown  bark  less  than  one-third  of  the  radius,  the 
wood  yellowish  or  pinkish-white  and  finely  radiate;  inodorous; 
wood  nearly  tasteless,  bark  astringent.  Savanilla  Rhatany  and 
Para  Rhatany :  Roots  usually  separate,  less  flexuous  and  taper- 
ing than  those  of  Peruvian  Rhatany,  and  usually  not  exceeding 
12  mm.  in  thickness;  externally  purplish-brown  or  chocolate 
brown  and  marked  with  numerous  fissures,  fracture  less  tough 
than  that  of  Peruvian  Rhatany,  internally  the  bark  and  wood 
darker,  the  bark  about  two-fifths  or  more  of  the  radius  and 
more  astringent  than  that  of  Peruvian  Rhatany.  .Aqueous  ex- 
tractive not  less  tlian  9  per  cent.     Ash  not  exceeding  5  per  cent. 

Lactucarium — Treat  lactucarium  with  boiling  w^ater  and  filter ; 
the  filtrate  should  be  clear  while  hot,  but  on  cooling  it  should 
become  turbid;  the  filtrate  should  not  be  colored  blue  by  iodine 
T.S.  (absence  of  starch)  and  should  also  become  clear  upon 
the  addition  of  ammonia  water  or  alcohol.  An  alcoholic  solu- 
tion of  lactucarium  should  give  not  more  than  a  faint  green 
color  upon  the  addition  of  a  drop  of  ferric  chloride  T.S. 
(absence  of  tannin).  Dry  the  chrug  at  a  temperature  not  ex- 
ceedmg  70° C.  for  powdering.     Ash  not  exceeding  10  per  cent. 

Leptandra — Leptandra  may  include  not  more  than  5  per  cent, 
of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Rhizome  usually  of  hori- 
zontal growth  nearly  cylindrical,  somewhat  branched,  from  4  to 
10  cm.  in  length  and  from  4  to  13  mm.  in  diameter;  externally 
grayish-brown  to  dark  reddish-brown,  annulate  from  circular 
scars  of  bud-scales,  upper  surface  with  short  stem  remnants; 
occasionally  with  buds,  and  numerous  circular  stem-scars,  from 
the  under  and  lateral  poitions  arise  numerous  coarse  roots; 
fracture  very  tough  and  woody,  branches  readily  separable  from 
the  main  rhizome;  internally  bark  rather  thin,  dark  brown  and 
resinous,  wood  about  the  same  thickness  as  the  bark,  light  brown 
and  porous,  pith  large,  more  or  less  hollow,  tlie  color  being 
similar  to  that  of  tlie  bark;  nearly  odorless,  taste  very  bitter 
and  acrid.  Roots  from  1  to  10  cm.  in  length  and  from  1  to  2 
mm.  in  diameter;  externally  dark  brown  to  purplish-brown, 
smooth  and  faintly  longitudinally  wrinkled:  fracture  short; 
internally  with  a  thick  brownish-black  bark  and  small  light 
brown  central  cylinder. 

Limonis  Cortex — The  outer  rind  of  the  fresh  ripe  fruit  of 
Citrus  medica  Limonum  (Risso)  Hooker  filius  (Fam.  Rutaces). 
The  outer,  lemon-yellow  or  dark  yellow  layer  recently  separated 
by  grating  or  paring  and  consisting  of  an  epidermal  layer, 
numerous  parenchyma  cells  containing  yellow  chromoplastids 
and  large  oil-reservoirs  with  globules  of  the  volatile  oil;  odor 
highly  fragrant,  distinct;  taste  pungently  aromatic.  Under  the 
microscope  sections  of  the  fresh  fruit  when  mounted  in  fixed 
oils,  show  an  epidermal  layer  composed  of  small  tabular  cells, 
a  hypodermal  layer  containing  numerous  plastids,  a  mesocarp 
witli  colorless,  thin-walled  parenchyma  and  large,  elliptical  oil 
reservoirs ;  parenchyma  cells  containing  a  layer  of  granular 
protoplasm  adhering  to  the  walls  and  occasionally  membrane 
crystals  of  calcium  o.xalate,  which  are  irregularly  polygonal  in 
shape,  polarize  light  strongly  and  from  0.015  to  0.025  mm.  in 
diameter. 

Linum — Flaxseed  may  include  not  more  than  3  per  cent,  of 
other  harmless  fruits,  seeds  and  foreign  matter.  Ovate,  or 
oblong-lanceolate,  flattened  obliquely  pointed  at  one  end,  3  to  5 
mm.  in  length;  externally  chestnut-brown,  very  smooth  and 
shiny,  the  raphe  extending  as  a  distinct,  light  yellow  ridge  along 
one  edge;  easily  cut  with  the  finger-nail,  internally  olive-green, 
oily;  odor  slight;   taste  mucilaginous  and  oily.     Microscopical 


SC2 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[June,  1914 


diaracteristics  are  given.  Linseed  or  Flaxseed  Meal:  Light 
oJive-brow-n  with  reddish-brown  fragments;  fragments  very 
coarse  and  the  cellular  tissues  are  the  same  as  those  of  the 
powder.  Powdered  Linseed  or  Fla.xseed  and  Linseed  Meal  or 
Flaxseed  Meal  should  be  recently  prepared  and  free  from 
mnplcasant  or  rancid  odor,  and  should  be  kept  in  tightly  closed 
containers,  to  which  a  few  drops  of  carbon  tetrachloride  or 
efcloroform  should  be  added  from  time  to  time  to  prevent  the 
attack  by  insects.     Ash  content  not  exceeding  6  per  cent. 

Lobelia — Family  name  changed  from  "Campanulacex"  to 
"Lobeliaceac."  Stems  cylindrical,  coarsely  and  irregularly  fur- 
rowed, yellowish-green,  occasionally  purplish  and  with  numerous 
spreading  hairs;  leaves  alternate,  usually  more  or  less  broken, 
when  entire,  laminae  o\-ate  or  oblong,  2  to  9  cm.  in  length, 
obtusely  toothed  or  irregularly  serrate-denticulate,  the  teeth 
with  a  yellowish-brown  gland-like  apex,  pale  green  and  with 
scattered,  bristly  hairs;  petiole  either  wanting  or  1  mm.  in 
length;  flowers  in  long  racemes  with  short  pedicels,  calyx  tube 
ovoid,  5-toolhed,  corolla  tubular,  3  to  4  mm.  in  length,  5- 
parted,  the  upper  2-lobed  portion  cleft  nearly  to  the  base; 
stamens  with  anthers  vinited  above  into  a  cur\-ed  tube  enclosing 
the  bifid  stigmas;  capsules  ovoid  or  ellipsoidal,  5  to  8  mm.  in 
length,  light  brown,  wholly  inferior  and  enclosing  numerous 
brownish,  oblong  and  coarsely  reticulate  seeds;  odor  slight; 
;iste  strongly  acrid.  Powder:  Dark  green,  odor  irritating; 
fragments  of  seed-coat  composed  of  more  or  less  polygonal  cells 
with  thick,  yellowish  walb;  isolated,  non-glandular  hairs  elon- 
gated-conical, 0.300  to  0.600  mm.  in  length;  fragments  of  stem 
with  tracheae  showing  annular  or  spiral  thickenings  or  simple 
pores  associated  with  narrow  wood-fibers,  the  walls  of  the  latter 
being  rather  thin,  more  or  less  lignified  and  porous;  fragments 
of  epidermis  of  leaf  with  elliptical  stomata,  0.025  mm.  in  length, 
and  usually  with  3  or  4  neighboring  cells;  pollen  grains  nearly 
spherical,  0.015  to  0.030  mm.  in  diameter.  Ash  not  exceeding 
S  per  cent. 

Lupulinum — A  granular  powder,  bright  yellowish-brown, 
ha\-ing  the  characteristic  odor  and  taste  of  hops;  becoming 
darker  in  color,  disagreeable  and  valerian-like  in  odor  on  aging, 
when  it  is  unfit  to  use.  Under  the  microscope  the  glandular 
trichomes  are  somewhat  globular  or  ellipsoidal,  0.150  to  0.200 
mm.  in  diameter,  consisting  of  a  single  layer  of  secreting  cells 
assuming  the  form  of  a  shallow  cup,  from  the  inner  surface  of 
which  the  cuticle  has  been  separated  by  the  secreted  yellowish- 
brown  oleoresin.  Ash  changed  from  "not  more  than  10  per 
cent."  to  "not  exceeding  16  per  cent." 

Lycopodium — The  spores  of  Lycopodium  clavatum  Linne 
(Fam.  Lycopodiacese),  with  not  more  than  2  per  cent,  of 
impurities.  Microscopical  characteristics  are  given.  Lycopodium 
should  show  very  few,  if  any,  pollen  grains  of  species  of  Pine, 
the  latter  being  0.040  to  0.070  mm.  in  diameter,  and  consisting 
of  three  parts,  a  central,  convex,  generative  cell  separating  the 
two  spherical  cells  or  wings  which  are  blackish,  due  to  the 
inclusion  of  air.  Ash  changed  from  "not  exceeding  5  per 
cent."  to  "not  exceeding  3  per  cent." 

Matricaria — The  dried  flower-heads  of  Matricaria  Chamo- 
milla  Linne  (Fam.  Compositae),  with  not  more  than  5  per  cent, 
of  stems  and  foreign  matter.  Flower-heads  composed  of  a  few 
white  ray  florets  and  numerous  yellow  disk  florets  on  a  conical, 
more  or  less  hollow  receptacle,  the  latter  being  3  to  10  mm.  in 
breadth;  disk  flowers  tubular,  perfect,  and  without  a  pappus; 
ray  flowers  10  to  20,  pistillate,  corolla  white,  3-toothed,  and 
4-veined,  usually  reflexed,  involucre  hemispherical,  composed 
of  20  to  30  imbricated,  oblanceolate,  and  pubescent  scales; 
peduncles  light  green  to  brownish-green,  longitudinally  fur- 
rowed, more  or  less  twisted  and  attaining  a  length  of  2.5  cm.; 
achenes  somewhat  obovoid  and  faintly  3-  to  5-ribbed,  pappus 
none  or  only  a  slight  membranous  crown ;  odor  pleasant. 
aromatic;  taste  aromatic  and  bitter.  Ash  not  exceeding  13 
per   cent. 

Mentha  Piperita — ^Leaves  more  or  less  crumpled  and  fre- 
quently detached  from  the  stems;  stems  quadrangular,  1  to  2 
mm.  in  diameter,  nearly  glabrous  e.xcept  for  a  few  scattered 
deflexed  haiis;  leaves  when  entire  oviate-oblong  to  oblong- 
lanceolate,  petioles  4  to  15  mm.  in  length,  slightly  pubescent, 
laminae  1  to  9  cm.  in  length,  acute  and  sharply  serrate,  light 
green  to  purplish-brown,  upper  surfaces  nearly  glabrous,  lower 
surfaces  glandular-hairy  especially  on  the  veins;  flower-whorls 
in  oblong  or  oval  spikes  which  are  usually  compact,  or  some- 
what interrupted  at  the  base.   1   to  1.5  cm.  in  breadth,  rounded 


at  the  summit,  and  in  fruit  attaining  a  length  of  3  to  7  cm. 
Otlier  botanical  characteristics  are  noted. 

Mentha  Viridis — Leaves  more  or  less  crumpled  and  mixed 
with  a  large  proportion  of  the  light  brown  or  purplish-colored 
stems  occasionally  with  their  characteristic  opposite  branches; 
stems  distinctly  quadrangular  1  to  3  mm.  in  width,  nearly 
glabrous;  leaves  when  entire  oblong-  or  ovate-lanceolate,  im- 
equally  serrate,  nearly  sessile  or  with  a  petiole  less  than  5  mm. 
in  length,  of  a  bright  green  color  and  somewhat  glandular-hairy 
on  the  under  sur  aces;  flowers  in  clusters  arranged  oppositely 
and  in  more  or  less  interrupted  or  crowded,  lanceolate,  acute  or 
acutish  spikes;  odor  slightly  pungent,  characteristic;  t.iste 
aromatic,  characteristic  but  not  followed  by  a  cooling  sensation. 

Moschus — Known  in  commerce  as  Tonquin  or  Tibetan  musk. 
Usually  in  small,  irregular  granules,  not  more  than  2  mm.  in 
thickness,  blackish,  with  a  few  light  brown  fragments  and 
becoming  somewhat  grayish  on  aging;  shiny  and  somewhat 
oily;  odor  peculiar,  penetrating,  powerful  and  persistent;  taste 
aromatic  and  bitterish.  .\dd  a  few  granules  of  musk  to  2  cc. 
of  watec  in  a  watch  crystal  and  stir  with  a  glass  rod,  a  light 
brown  solution  should  be  obtained.  The  undissolved  portion 
should  consist  of  irregular  fragments  containing  a  finely  granu- 
lar substance,  numerous  rod-like  bacteria  and  occasionally  the 
hyphse  of  a  fungus,  .^dd  a  drop  of  iodine  T.S.  to  a  slide  con- 
taining a  few  granules  of  musk  and  examine  under  the  micro- 
scope; none  of  the  particles  should  be  colored  blue  or  bluish- 
black  (absence  of  starch) ;  other  tests  are  given.  Musk,  when 
dried  to  constant  weight  in  a  desiccator  over  sulphuric  acid, 
should  not  lose  more  than  15  per  cent,  of  moisture. 

Myristica — Ovoid  or  ellipsoidal,  20  to  30  mm.  in  length  and 
about  20  mm.  in  thickness;  externally  light  brown  to  dark 
brown,  consisting  of  the  reticu'.ately  furrowed  perisperm,  the 
broad  end  with  a  large,  circular,  upraised  scar  from  which 
arises  a  furrow  extending  to  the  chalaza ;  easily  cut,  the  sur- 
fa  having  a  waxy  lustre  and  mottled  by  reason  of  the  light 
brown  perisperm  penetrating  into  the  yellowish-brown  endo- 
sperm ;  a  longitudinal  section  through  the  middle  of  the  large 
scar  shows  a  small  irregular  cavity  with  the  more  or  less 
shrunken  remains  of  the  embryo,  and  usually  containing  a 
growth  of  mold;  odor  slightly  aromatic,  taste  agreeably 
aromatic.  Microscopical  characteristics  and  tests  for  powdered 
drug  are  given.  Ash  not  exceeding  5  per  cent.  Broken  and 
wormy  kernels  should  be  rejected. 

Myrrha — A  gum-resin  obtained  from  one  or  more  species  of 
Commiphora  (Fam.  Burseraceae).  Microscopical  characteristics 
of  powdered  drug  added.  Statements  about  emulsion  with 
water,  its  insolubility  and  non-swelling  in  water,  and  the  nitric 
acid  test  on  an  alcoholic  solution  omitted.  Not  less  than  35 
per  cent,  of  myrrh  should  be  soluble  in  alcohol.  Ash  not 
exceeding  8.5  per  cent. 

Nux  Vomica — Orbicular,  nearly  flat,  occasionally  irregularly 
bent,  10  to  30  mm.  in  diameter,  4  to  5  mm.  in  thickness; 
externally  grayish  or  greenish-gray,  covered  with  appressed 
hairs  giving  it  a  silky  lustre,  hilum  indicated  by  a  circular  scar 
at  the  center  of  one  of  the  flattened  sides,  and  connected  with 
the  micropyle  by  a  ridge;  the  micropyle  very  hard  when  dry; 
internally  showing  a  thin  and  hairy  seed-coat  and  a  large 
grayish-white  endosperm  at  one  end  of  which  is  embedded  a 
sma'l  embryo,  with  2  broadly  ovate  5-  to  7-ner\ed  cotyledons; 
inodorous;  taste  persistently  bitter.  Powder:  Light  gray; 
consisting  chiefly  of  thick-walled,  endosperm  cells  containing 
globules  of  a  fixed  oil  and  a  few  small  aleurone  gra'ns,  and 
fragments  of  strongly  lignified,  non-glandu'ar  hairs,  the  walls 
of  the  latter  possessing  large,  circular,  or  long,  slit-like  pores. 
In  the  tissues  of  the  adhering  pulp  occur  a  few  small,  nearly 
spherical  starch  grains.  The  co!or  test  with  potassium  di- 
chrom"te  and  sulphuric  acid  omitted.  Ash  not  exceeding  3.5 
per  cent. 

Opii  Pttk-is — Temperature  for  drying  changed  from  "not 
e-xceeding  85°C."  to  "not  exceeding  70°C."  Light  brown, 
consisting  chiefly  of  yellowish-brown  to  brownish-red,  more  or 
less  irregular  and  granular  fragments  varying  from  0.015  to 
0.150  mm.  in  diameter;  a  few  fragments  of  strongly  lignified 
thick-walled,  4-  to  5-sided  or  narrowly  elongated,  epidermal 
cells  of  the  poppy  capsule;  and  very  few  fragments  of  tissues 
of  poppy  leaves,  poppy  capsules,  and  Rumex  fruits. 


(Continued    in    July    Era) 


JUNB,    1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


263 


Hydrogen  Peroxide  Solution.* 

By  J.    STANXEY   WHITE,   PH.C. 

HYDROGEN  peroxide  solution,  according  to  the  British 
Pharmacopoeia  of  1898,  is  an  aqueous  solution  contain- 
ing approximately  3  per  cent,  of  H;©;.  The  B.P.  fur- 
ther states  that  it  is  prepared  by  the  interaction  of  water, 
barium  peroxide,  and  a  dilute  mineral  acid  at  a  temperature 
below  10°  C.  The  product,  however,  is  notoriously  unstable, 
and  anyone  who  has  followed  the  correspondence  recently  in 
The  Pharmaceutical  Journal  must  have  been  stxuck  by  the 
extraordinary  difference  in  strength  met  with  in  commercial 
samples,  all  of  which  are  stated  to  be  up  to  B.P.  standard. 

Hydrogen  peroxide  solution  was  first  discovered  in  1818  by 
a  French  chemist  named  Thenard,  who  prepared  dilute  solu- 
tions of  it  by  the  action  of  hydrochloric  acid  on  barium 
peroxide.  Although  hydrochloric  acid  has  been  largely  replaced 
by  other  acids,  the  method  of  manufacture  today  is  practically 
identical  with  the  method  employed  nearly  a  hundred  years 
ago.  Although  the  3  per  cent,  solution  is  the  official  strength, 
and  the  one  nearly  always  employed,  it  is  of  interest  to  note 
that  by  subjecting  concentrated  solutions  to  the  action  of  a 
freezing  mixture  Staedel  succeeded  in  obtaining  a  crop  of 
columnar  crystals,  consisting  of  pure  peroxide.  Another  method 
consists  in  distilling  aqueous  solutions  of  peroxide  under 
diminished  pressure,  and  by  this  means  obtaining  a  distillate 
of  100  per  cent,  strength.  The  product,  however,  is  extremely 
erplosive,  and  its  preparation  fraught  with  considerable  danger. 
Pure  hydrogen  peroxide  exists  as  a  thick,  clear,  colorless  liquid, 
having  a  specific  gravity  of  1.4996.  Needless  to  say,  this 
dangerous  substance  is  not  a  commercial  product,  although  a 
30  per  cent,  hydrogen  peroxide  solution  has  been  on  the  market 
for  some  years,  and  is  stated  to  be  quite  neutral  and  perfectly 
stable. 

Hydrogen  peroxide  solution,  as  designated  by  the  B.P.,  is 
the  preparation  most  generally  employed  for  medicinal  pur- 
poses. The  preparation  should  be  fairly  stable,  and  usually 
contains  traces  of  free  acids.  Although  the  manufacture  of 
hydrogen  peroxide  is  a  comparatively  simple  process,  con- 
siderable attention  to  detail  is  necessary  in  order  to  produce 
a  satisfactory  preparation.  The  purity  of  the  ingredients  used, 
the  temperature  at  which  the  reaction  is  carried  on,  and  the 
dilution  of  the  acid  or  acids  employed  are  all  important  factors, 
and  these  details  are  usually  carefully  guarded  by  manufac- 
turers. As  previously  stated,  hydrochloric  acid  was  originally 
employed  to  decompose  the  barium  peroxide,  but  this  was 
substituted  later  by  hydrofluoric  and  hydrofluosilicic  acids, 
both  of  these  acids  forming  insoluble  barium  salts.  In  1886 
phosphoric  acid  was  recommended,  and  a  method  which  em- 
bodied this  principle  was  adopted  in  the  U.S. P.  of  1890.  No 
particular  acid  is  now  specified  in  the  present  U.S. P.  or  in 
the  British  Pharmacopoeia.  Barium  peroxide  is  used  on 
account  of  the  fact  that  it  is  stable  in  air,  whereas  the  majority 
of  other  peroxides  tend  to  rapidly  decompose.  The  formation 
of  insoluble  barium  salts,  permitting  complete  removal  from  the 
fir  ished  solutions,  also  favors  the  use  of  barium  peroxide. 

The  question  of  stability  is  extremely  important;  in  fact, 
it  is  probable  that  the  reason  that  hydrogen  peroxide  has 
only  comparatively  recently  come  into  general  use  was  due  to 
the  lack  of  obtaining  a  suitable  preservative.  Hydrogen 
peroxide  solution  is  invariably  slightly  acid,  and  the  small 
amount  of  acid  found  in  nearly  all  samples  is  not  regarded  as 
an  impurity.  Although  the  B.P.  does  not  limit  the  amount 
of  acid  which  may  be  present,  yet  too  much  acidity  ought 
certainly  to  be  avoided,  as  it  is  more  than  likely  to  cause 
irritation  of  the  tissues  to  which  the  peroxide  is  applied. 
The  U.S. P.  prescribes  that  the  amount  of  acid  in  25  cc.  of 
hydrogen  pero.xide  solution  shall  not  be  greater  than  can  be 
neutralized  by  2.5  cc.  of  N/10  NaOH;  that  is,  in  terms  of 
HjSO,,  equivalent  to  0.049  per  cent.  It  would  certainly  seem 
adrisable  to  include  an  acid  limit  in  the  next  edition  of  the 
British  Pharmacopoeia.  While  it  is  next  to  impossible  to 
produce  an  absolutely  neutral  solution  of  hydrogen  peroxide 
solution  which  is  stable,  a  small  percentage  of  acid  un- 
doubtedly aids  in  preventing  decomposition.  Alkaline  solu- 
tions decompose  very  rapidly,  and  neutral  solutions  soon  take 
up  sufficient  alkali  from  the  glass  containers  to  set  up  rapid 
decomposition. 


The  question  of  preservatives  is  an  important  one,  although 
it  is  known  in  a  general  way  that  acid  solutions  of  peroxide 
are  fairly  stable.  To  some  extent  alcohol  acts  as  a  good  pre- 
servative, and  boric  acid,  benzoic  acid,  and  salicylic  acid  have 
all  been  employed  for  the  purpose.  Undoubtedly  the  most 
general  preservative  is  acetanilide,  the  use  of  which  is  stated 
to  be  the  result  of  a  happy  accident.  A  chemist  was  en- 
deavoring to  prepare  a  stable  compound  of  acetanilide  and 
hydrogen  peroxide.  Although  unsuccessful,  it  was  noticed 
that  the  solutions  containing  the  acetanilide  appeared  to  be 
much  more  stable.  Apparently  the  secret  was  kept  for  some 
years,  but  at  the  present  day  the  addition  of  acetanilide  is 
fairly  general,  especially  in  solutions  of  American  manufao- 
ture.  The  amount  employed  is  usually  l/lOOth  of  a  grain  to 
each  fl.  ounce,  the  acetanilide  being  incorporated  during  ths 
process  of  manufacture.  The  extremely  small  quantity  which 
is  employed  will,  of  course,  have  no  therapeutic  action.  Under 
some  little  understood  conditions  the  compound  is  slowly 
oxidized  to  nitrobenzene,  which  often  gives  to  the  solution 
a   faint   odor  resembling   essential   oil   of  almonds. 

Some  short  time  ago  the  writer  endeavored  to  give  an 
explanation  of  this  reaction.  It  is  probable  that  the  nitro- 
benzene first  undergoes  hydrolysis  to  form  aniline  and  acetic 
acid: 

C6H5NH.CO.CH,  +  H,0  =  C„H,NH=+CH3COOH. 

The   acetic   acid   being   stable   remains   unchanged   and    the 
aniline  undergoes  oxidation  to  form  nitrobenzene: 
QH5NH,-f30  =  CoH5NO;+H,0. 

It  is  a  well-known  fact  in  the  chemical  world  that  when  a 
body  is  capable  of  doing  work  (hydrogen  peroxide  solution  is 
a  powerful  oxidizing  agent)  it  will  do  that  work  in  preference 
to  breaking  up ;  and  it  can,  therefore,  be  assumed  that  prior 
to  the  hydrogen  peroxide  solution  decomposing,  the  above 
reactions  will  go  on  with  the  production  of  small  quantities 
of  nitrobenzene.  Nitrobenzene  thus  produced  apparently 
undergoes  hydrolysis,  re-forming  aniline  and  hydrogen 
peroxide: 

CeH^NO,  +  4HjO  =  C.H5NH, + 3H,0,. 

In  turn  this  hydrogen  peroxide  will  oxidize  the  aniline  back 
to  nitrobenzene  and  the  action  becomes  reversible: 


C.H,NO, 


I»  C.H»NH,. 


*From    the   Pharmaceutical    Journal    and   Pharmacist. 


Thus  the  hydrogen  peroxide  continually  having  work  to 
do,  and  being  continually  re-formed,  the  initial  quantity  of 
acetanilide  is  never  entirely  lost  (it  has,  of  course,  become 
broken  down),  and  the  deterioration  of  the  hydrogen  peroxide 
solution  is  prevented.  The  fact  that  it  is  possible  in  the  same 
solution  to  detect  the  odor  of  oil  mirbane,  while  at  other 
times  the  odor  is  not  noticeable,  would  also  seem  to  be 
evidence  that  this  is  the  probable  explanation  of  its  action. 

That  acetanilide  does  act  in  a  remarkable  manner  in  pre- 
venting decomposition  has  been  proved  beyond  all  doubt. 
A  recent  annual  report  on  food  and  drug  products,  made  by 
the  Connecticut  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  showed  that 
82.5  per  cent,  of  the  samples  of  hydrogen  peroxide  containing 
acetanilide  as  a  preservative  complied  with  the  pharmacopoeial 
requirements,  whereas  only  22.5  per  cent,  of  the  non-acetanilide 
specimens  were  up  to  standard. 

It  is  not  generally  known  that  a  really  stable  preparation 
of  hydrogen  peroxide  solution,  preserved  with  acetanilide, 
may  be  actually  evaporated  down  to  produce  a  more  concen- 
trated solution,  with  only  a  relatively  small  loss  in  oxygen 
content.  The  following  figures  were  obtained  with  a  well- 
known  brand  of  B.P.  strength  by  evaporation  on  a  steam  bath 
at  normal  atmospheric  pressure: 

Per  cent.  H2O2  Per  cent.  H2O2 

(Actual  content).  (Actual  loss). 

1000  cc 3.04       

450  cc 6.52        0.23 

300  cc 9.89        0.24 

200  cc 14.70        0.5 

100  cc 25.2  5.2 

SO  cc 43.2  17.6 

The  following  figures  were  obtained  by  allowing  the  same 
solution   to   evaporate   at   the   ordinary   room   temperature: 

Per  cent.  H2O2  Per  cent.  H2O2 

(Actual  content).  (Actual  loss). 

250  cc 3.04       

154  cc 4.81        0.12 

56  cc 11.76       1.82 

These  experiments  were,  of  course,  conducted  in  scrupu- 
lously clean  vessels,  as  the  presence  of  foreign  organic  matter 
is  absolutely  detrimental  to  the  solution,  and  is,  in  fact,  the 
chief  catise  of   its  decomposition. 


264 


THE  phar:maceutical  era 


[June,  1914 


^'I.     Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacv  —  The  First  A'acuum  Pan  for  Extracts. 


CREDIT  for  the  first  application  of  vacuum  distillation 
to  the  preparation  of  pharmaceutical  extracts,  as  de- 
scribed in  the  following  article,  is  often  given  to  Dr. 
Alexander  Marcet.  of  London.  .■X  recent  announcement  of  a 
new  German  work,  containing  the  accounts  of  a  number  of 
great  discoveries  in  pharmacy,  gives  Marcet's  name  as  the 
author  of  the  paper  from  which  our  excerpts  have  been  taken, 
and  even  so  authoritative  a  work  as  Poggendorf's  Index 
includes  the  treatise  under  the  works  of  Alarcet,  and  makes  no 
mention  of  the  real  author.  The  misunderstanding  has  arisen 
from  the  fact  that  while  the  work  was  performed  and  de- 
scribed by  John  T.  Barr>-,  to  whom  the  credit  for  the  inno- 
vation is  therefore  entirely  due,  the  paper  was  not  read  by  the 
author,  but  by  Dr.  Marcet,  before  the  London  Medical  and 
Chirurgical  Society,  of  which  body  Marcet  was  a  distinguished 
member.  In  addition  to  being  in  error  regarding  the  author- 
ship of  the  work,  Poggendorf's  Index  makes  a  mistake  in  the 
citation,  stating  that  the  article  is  to  be  found  in  the  Trans- 
actions of  the  London  Medical  and  Chirurgical  Society,  Vol.  1, 
ISIO.  The  correct  reference  is  to  the  above  Transactions,  Vol. 
10,  1S19,  p.  231,  the  full  title  being  ''On  a  New  Method  of 
Preparing  Pharmaceutical  E.xtracts,  by  John  T.  Barry,  Com- 
municated by  Doctor  Alex.  Marcet."  The  Royal  Society's 
Index  of  Scientific  Papers  contains  the  proper  reference  and 
author's  name.  Translations  of  Barry's  article  appear  in 
Sch-^'eigger's  Journal  der  Chemie,  1820,  p.  250,  and  in  Tromms- 
■dorff's  Neue  Journal  der  Pharmazie,  Vol.  4,   1820,  p.  255. 

Unfortunately,  while  a  great  deal  is  known  of  Marcet's 
life  and  achievements,  history  is  silent  with  regard  to  the 
real  author  of  the  article  which  has  had  such  an  important 
bearing  on  the  development  of  pharmaceutical  industry.  Ap- 
parently. Barry  was  a  worker  at  Guy's  Hospital,  in  London, 
-where  Dr.  JIarcet  held  the  post  of  professor  of  chemistry. 
It  is  possible  that  Barry  was  employed  in  some  capacity  or 
other  in  the  dispensary.  However,  all  this  is  merely  con- 
jecture. His  name  does  not  appear  in  connection  with  any 
other  papers  that  we  have  thus  far  been  able  to  locate,  except 
with  the  patent  which  he  obtained  for  his  new  apparatus  for 
vacuum  evaporation.  His  friend  and  protege,  Marcet,  was 
a  native  of  Switzerland,  having  been  born  in  Geneva  in  1770. 
Compelled  to  leave  his  country  on  account  of  political  dis- 
turbances, he  came  over  to  England,  and  in  a  few  years  re- 
ceived the  degree  of  M.D.  at  Edinburgh  University,  in  1797. 
He  then  made  his  way  to  London,  and  became  connected  with 
the  long-famous  Guy's  Hospital.  Marcet's  chief  work  is  along 
the  lines  of  medical  chemistry,  and  his  analyses  of  the  waters 
of  the  ocean,  and  of  the  Dead  Sea  and  the  River  Jordan  were 
made  the  basis  of  some  early  geological  speculations. 

In  outlining  the  reasons  for  introducing  a  new  form  of 
apparatus  for  preparing  extracts,  Barry  states  his  belief  that 
the  difference  in  the  efficacy  of  several  extracts  is  due  largely 
to  decomposition  suffered  during  inspissation.  "It  is  scarcely 
possible  to  produce  two  different  parcels  of  an  extract  by  the 
common  method  which  shall  each  possess  the  same  efficacy." 
Extracts,  in  those  days,  were  made  by  evaporation  of  the 
aqueous  infusions  of  drugs,  although  in  some  cases  weak 
alcoholic  infusions  were  used.  The  menstruum  was  chosen, 
of  course,  with  the  intention  of  extracting  all  the  active  ingre- 
<iients.  and  the  business  of  preparing  an  extract  was  to  reduce 
to  a  solid  state  the  medicinal  parts  of  the  solution. 

Barry's  account  then  proceeds: 

"In  order  to  prevent  the  injurious  effects  of  heat  on  medici- 
nal extracts,  I  proposed  some  years  since,  in  conversation  on 
the  subject,  to  conduct  the  evaporation  in  vacuo.  The  low 
"temperature  at  which  fluids  are  known  to  boil  in  exhausted 
vessels,  together  with  the  superior  advantage  this  plan  pos- 
sesses, of  preventing  the  action  of  oxygen,  led  me  to  expect 
decidedly  good  effects  from  its  execution. 

'  The  subject  selected  for  the  first  experiment  was  a  solution 
of  opium.  The  next  was  some  juice  of  hemlock.  Both  of 
these  were  evaporated  in  a  water  bath,  the  vessel  having  been 
exhausted  by  an  air-pump ;  and  the  products  exhibited  ap- 
pearances which  left  no  doubt  of  the  superiority  of  this  method 
for  preparing  e.xtracts.  Accordingly,  I  decided  on  carrying 
the  project  into  execution  at  some  future  day;  and  on  shew- 


ing a  sketch  of  the  necessary  apparatus  to  my  partner,  Wil- 
liam .Mien,  I  had  the  satisfaction  of  finding  that  his  opinion 
supported  my  own.  Soon  afterwards  it  was  submitted  to  my 
friend  Dr.  Marcet,  who  not  only  gave  it  his  approbation, 
but  so  strenuously  advised  its  adoption,  that  it  was  concluded 
on  to  have  the  vessels  constructed  on  a  large  scale.  It  is 
remarkable  that  only  a  short  time  before  the  large  ap- 
paratus was  made  this  gentleman  received  from  Professor 
Jaenisch,  of  Moscow,  a  communication  on  the  same  subject, 
proposing  to  prepare  extracts  in  vacuo.  Dr.  Marcet  thought 
it  proper,  on  that  occasion,  to  advise  my  not  being  informed 
of  the  plan  of  the  Moscow  professor  till  my  own  apparatus 
was  finished. 

"To  persons  acquainted  with  the  process  of  Edward  C. 
Howard  for  refining  sugar,  and  for  which  he  took  out  a  patent, 
it  may  appear  that  I  have  small  claim  to  invention  for  pro- 
posing a  very  similar  process  for  obtaining  extracts.  The 
two  kinds  of  apparatus  are,  however,  materially  different.  I 
employ  no  pump  or  machinery,  but  produce  the  exhaustion 
wholly  by  steam;  and  the  vacuum  is  maintained  in  riiy  vessel 
by  immersion  of  the  whole  in  water.  The  difficulty  with 
which  air  is  prevented  from  finding  its  way  into  exhausted 
vessels  seems  the  chief  impediment  to  conducting  evaporations 
in  vacuo.  This  difficulty,  by  the  simple  expedient  just  men- 
tioned, is  completely  removed.  The  apparatus  being  thus 
rendered  easy  of  management  and  less  expensive,  appeared 
likely  to  be  employed  in  some  other  large  manufactures,  such 
as  sugar  refining  and  colour  making;  and  on  that  account  I 
have  been  induced  to  take  out  a  patent  for  it.  It  is,  however, 
to  be  recollected  by  this  Society  that  I  have  declined  having 
a  patent  for  its  pharmaceutical  products.  Chemists  desirous 
of  inspissatmg  extracts  in  vacuo  are  therefore  at  liberty  to  do 
it  in  any  apparatus  different  from  that  which  has  been  made 
the  subject  of  my  patent;  and  thus  these  substances  may 
continue  the  objects  of  fair  competition  as  to  quality  and  price. 

"Notwithstanding  the  disadvantageous  circumstances  which 
generally  attend  inspissation  in  the  open  air,  I  have  little 
doubt  that  many  of  the  extracts  might  be  obtained  in  that 
way,  of  very  superior  though  perhaps  not  of  uniform  strength, 
by  complying  with  certain  conditions,  which  are,  however, 
suited  only  to  the  scale  of  philosophical  experiment,  or  the 
consumption  of  an  individual  practitioner.  But  it  is  well 
known  that  the  trouble  attendant  on  these  preparations  renders 
it  more  convenient  to  purchase  them  than  to  make  them. 
Hence  it  has  become  the  business  of  the  druggist  to  supply 
extracts;  and  making  them  on  a  scale  proportionate  to  his 
demand,  he  is  obliged,  in  order  to  produce  rapid  evaporation, 
to  subject  them  to  a  temperature  little,  if  at  all,  short  of  212°, 
one  that  seems  to  be  decidedly  injurious.  This  happens  even 
when  the  steam  bath  or  the  water  bath  is  employed,  and 
extracts  so  prepared  must  still  be  considered  as  having  been 
partially  subjected  to  the  contingencies  before  mentioned.  In 
fact,  it  may  be  stated  on  good  authority  that  extract  of 
rhubarb,  for  instance,  when  inspissated  in  vacuo,  is  fully 
twice  as  effective  as  when  boiled  down  in  the  open  air  over 
steam. 

"As  perhaps  it  will  be  satisfactory  to  the  Society  to  form  for 
themselves  a  judgment  upon  the  fitness  of  the  method  I  have 
adopted,  and  of  the  apparatus  by  which  it  is  carried  into 
effect,  I  propose  here  to  describe  them  both.  The  mode  of 
producing  the  vacuum,  and  the  manner  of  maintaining  it, 
have  already  been  mentioned.  The  degree  of  exhaustion  is, 
of  course,  judged  of  by  the  column  which  is  supported  in  the 
mercurial  gage;  and  I  think  it  will  excite  some  surprise,  when 
it  is  stated,  that  although  no  pump  is  employed,  yet  that 
column  is  often  at  a  height  of  28  inches  during  rapid  ebul- 
lition. In  fact,  it  is  common  to  operate  with  a  column  not 
two  inches  less  than  the  barometer  of  the  day,  and  at  such 
times  the  temperature  of  the  boiling  fluid  is  below  100° 
Fahrenheit,  often  at  95° ;  and  I  am  satisfied  that  by  certain 
improvements  this  temperature  may  be  reduced  to  less  than 
90°  in  the  ordinary  process  of  manufacture.  The  vessels 
employed  in  the  apparatus  first  put  up  were  two :  the  first 
of  cast  iron,  polished  on  its  inner  surface,  serving  as  the 
evaporating  pan,  and  situated  in  a  water  bath,  may  be  called  a 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


265 


still.  The  head  of  it  leads  into  the  second  vessel,  which  is  a 
large  copper  sphere,  about  three  times  as  large  as  the  other, 
and  surrounded  at  pleasure  by  cold  water ;  it  may  be  called 
the  receiver.  In  the  pipe  which  connects  these  two  is  a 
large  stop-cock,  by  which  their  communication  with  each  other 
can  be  suspended.  The  manner  of  setting  it  to  work  is  this : 
the  juice  or  infusion  is  introduced  through  a  large  opening 
into  the  polished  iron  still,  which  is  then  closed,  made  airtight, 
and  covered  with  water.  The  stop-cock  which  leads  to  the 
receiver  is  also  shut.  In  order  to  produce  the  vacuum,  steam 
is  allowed  to  rush  through  the  copper  sphere  until  it  has 
expelled  all  the  air,  for  which  five  minutes  is  commonly  suf- 
ficient; this  is  known  to  be  effected  by  the  steam  issuing 
uncondensed.  At  that  instant  the  copper  sphere  is  closed,  and 
the  steam  is  shut  off ;  and  then  cold  water  admitted  upon  its 
e'tterior  surface.  The  vacuum  thus  produced  in  the  cop- 
per sphere,  which  contained  about  four-fifths  of  the  air 
of  the  whole  apparatus,  is  now  partially  transferred  to  the 
still  by  opening  the  intermediate  stop-cock.  Thus  four-fifths 
of  the  air  in  the  still  rushes  in  to  the  sphere,  and  the  stop- 
cock being  shut  again,  a  second  exhaustion  is  effected  by  steam 
in  the  same  way  as  the  first  was;  after  which  a  momentary 
communication  is  again  allow-ed  between  the  iron  still  and  the 
receiver;  by  this  mesns  four-fifths  of  the  air  remaining  after 
the  former  exhaustion  is  expelled.  These  exhaustions  repeated 
five  or  six  times  are  usually  found  sufficient  to  raise  the 
mercurial  column  to  the  height  before  mentioned.  The  water 
bath  in  which  the  iron  still  is  immersed  is  now  to  be  heated 
until  the  fluid  that  is  to  be  inspissated  begins  to  boil,  which 
is  known  by  inspection  through  a  window  in  the  apparatus, 
made  by  fastening  on  airtight  a  piece  of  very  strong  glass; 
and  the  temperature  at  which  the  boiling  is  kept  up  is  de- 
termined by  a  thermometer.  Ebullition  is  continued  until  the 
fluid  is  inspissated  to  the  proper  degree  of  consistence,  which 
also  is  to  be  judged  by  its  appearance  through  the  glass  win- 
dow. I  prefer  taking  for  a  single  operation  as  much  juice 
or  infusion  as  will  keep  the  apparatus  employed  for  nearly 
the  whole  day.  When  inspissated  sufficiently,  the  residuum, 
which  we  denominate   it,   is  taken  out  and   is  fit   for  use. 

"On  comparing  the  temperature  employed  for  ebullition  in 
vacuo  with  that  generally  in  use,  we  are  led  to  expect  a  con- 
siderable difference  in  the  sensible  qualities  of  extracts.  With 
some  this  is  the  case  in  a  very  striking  degree.  The  extract 
of  hemlock  is  an  example;  its  taste  and  smell  are  remarkably 
different,  as  is  the  color  both  of  the  solution  and  feculant  parts; 
it  also  possesses  an  extraordinary  degree  of  tenacity,  a  property 
which  is  not  generally  found  in  the  common  extract ;  it 
abounds  so  much  with  crystallized  matter  as  to  produce  a 
gritty  sensation  when  rubbed  between  the  fingers.  The  extract 
of  belladonna  contains  a  large  quantity  of  crystals  of  some 
kind  of  salt;  but  I  have  not  succeeded  in  procuring  either  of 
these  in  a  separate  state,  so  as  to  give  them  an  examination. 
In  some  attempts  to  obtain  them  pure,  and  more  particularly 
to  discover  whether  morphine  (the  new  vegetable  alkali)  was 
traceable  in  the  narcotic  extracts,  I  became  acquainted  with 
the  singular  fact  that  phosphoric  acid  in  soluble  state  is  to  be 
fcund  in  all  the  extracts.  On  further  extending  the  investiga- 
tion, it  was  ascertained  that  this  acid,  besides  that  portion  of 
it  which  exists  as  phosphate  of  lime,  is  contained  in  a  vast 
variety  of  vegetables.  It  would  be  foreign  to  the  subject  of 
this  paper  to  enumerate  the  substances  that  were  tried,  but 
I  may  just  mention  that  all  the  vegetables  that  are  cultivated 
seem  to  contain   phosphoric  salt   in  great  abundance. 

"The  extract  of  taraxacum  is  another  remarkable  instance 
of  the  difference  in  the  sensible  qualities  of  these  preparations; 
instead  of  being  sweet  to  the  taste  and  high-coloured,  like  that 
prepared  in  the  common  way,  it  is  bitter  and  extremely  pale 
when  fresh  made ;  its  taste  much  resembles  that  of  the  plant 
itself.  With  respect  to  the  strength  of  extracts  made  in 
vacuo,  I  have  not  yet  gained  sufficient  information  to  be  able 
to  present  a  view  of  the  relative  proportions  which  they  bear 
to  the  common  extracts;  but  I  have  been  informed  by  several 
medical  friends  who  have  given  them  a  trial,  that  they  found 
them  materially  stronger.  I  deem  it  almost  indispensable  to 
state,  that  the  increased  activity  of  extracts  prepared  by  this 
new  method  makes  it  imperative  on  those  who  compound 
medicines  to  continue  using  the  old  kind,  except  when  extracts 
prepared   in  vacuo  are   specially   prescribed." 


New  Remedies 


.■isasan  is  a  nerve  food,  of  the  following  composition:  Albu- 
men, 8.041  per  cent.;  lecithin,  2.52  per  cent.;  sodium  glycero- 
phosphate, 1.6  per  cent.;  fats,  0.9  per  cent.;  carbohydrates  (as 
glucose),  31  per  cent.,  nutritive  salts,  5.63  per  cent.  Hemo- 
globin is  present  in  large  quantity. 

Calcctin  and  Ferrocalcetin  are  food  preparations  containing 
lecithin,  used  for  puppies. 

Calcivit  tablets  contain  calcium  lactate,  calcium  phosphate, 
calcium  carbonate,  a  completely  soluble  milk  albumen,  and  an 
easily  digestible  iron  preparation. 

Cardiotonin  is  a  convallaria  preparation,  witli  0.025  g.  of 
caffeine  and  0.03  g.  of  sodium  benzoate  in  1   cc. 

Cordicura  contains  the  fluidextracts  of  Cactus  grandiflorus^ 
Adonis,  Spartium,  Zea  Mays,  Fucus  serratus,  INIoringa,  Cra- 
tageus  oxycantha,  Convallaria  and  Cascara  Sagrada,  as  an 
aromatic  sweetened   liquid. 

Dial-Ciba,  a  new  sedative  and  hypnotic,  is  diallyl-barbituric 
acid,  being  thus  closely  related  to  veronal.  It  melts  at  170- 
171°,  is  slightly  soluble  in  water,  soluble  in  other  solvents, 
has  a  slightly  bitter  taste,  and  is  very  stable. 

Eumanase  contains  bitterless  dried  yeast,  iron,  calcium  phos- 
phate, potassium  and  sodium  salts,  and  is  used  as  an  additioa 
to  feed  in  hog  cholera. 

Gallena  Cure  consists  of  three  preparations,  the  first  con- 
taining linseed  oil  and  castor  oil,  the  second  containing  sassa- 
fras extract,  taraxacum,  sodium  chloride,  sulphate,  and  bicar- 
bonate, and  yarrow,  and  the  third  containing  glycerides  of 
arachidic,  palmitic,   linolic,  and  oleic  acids. 

Ganglional  is  a  mixture  of  cinchona  bark,  valerian,  ripe 
poppies,  and  potassium  bromide,  2  g.  being  used  in  a  cupful 
of   infusion.     Other  constituents  are  present. 

Guayarsin  pills  contain  hemoglobin,  calcium  guaiacol-sulpho- 
nate,   and  0.001   g.  of  guayarsin  in  each  pill. 

Guayarsin  syrup  contains  in  10  g.  0.2  g.  of  calcium  guaiacol- 
sulphonate,  0.05  g.  of  cinnamic  acid,  and  0.005  g.  of  guayarsin,. 
a  combination  of  arsenic  and  guaiacol. 

Jolasse's  Stomach  Powders  contain  0.15  g.  of  belladonna 
extract,  powdered  sodium  citrate  10  g.  and  calcined  magnesia 
IS  g. 

Otalgan  is  a  non-aqueous  stable  solution  of  5  per  cent,  of 
opium  extract  and  antipyrin   in   glycerin. 

Pantopon-Atrinal  is  a  trade  name  for  pantopon-atropine- 
sulphuric  acid,  atrinal  evidently  being  the  new  name  for  the^ 
latter  substance. 

Rlieuma-Sopium  contains  10  per  cent,  of  salicylic  acid,  w-hich 
is  incorporated  by  a  special  process  in  a  superfatted  sodium 
soap.  It  is  used  by  inunction  in  rheumatic  affections  and 
pleuritic  pains. 

Rotusin  contains  maltose,  starch,  dextrin,  protein,  and  other 
nitrogenous   e.xtractives,   fats,   fibre,   mineral   matter   and   water. 

Seutopon,  an  opium  preparation,  contains  33.2  per  cent,  of 
morphine  and  25  per  cent,  of  other  opium  alkaloids. 

Sosogen  pearls  are  soluble  in  the  intestines,  and  contain 
santal  oil,  salol,  kava  resin,  methylene  blue,  and  probably 
cubebs. 

Sputolysin  contains  0.03  g.  of  tartar  emetic,  0.1  per  cent, 
of  belladonna  extract,  1  g.  each  of  balsam  of  Peru  and  oil  of 
pine,  0.5  g.  of  potassium  iodide,  2.5  g.  of  guaiacol,  3  g.  of 
camphor,  5  g.  of  paraffin  oil,  7.5  g.  of  potassium  soap,  and 
17.5  g.  of  lanolin,  sufficient  for  six  inunctions.  Used  in 
tuberculosis. 

Tkiophysem  is  the  addition  product  of  allylsulphourea  and 
ethyl  iodide,  containing  46.6  per  cent,  of  iodine. 


The  new  Er.\  Formulary,  just  out,   $5.00  per  copy. 


Invisible  Ink. 
According  to  the  Pharm.  Journal,  the  following  is  different 
from  the  usual  formulas  given  for  compounds  under  the  above 
title:  Make  a  fairly  strong  solution  of  phenolphthalein  in 
alcohol,  and  use  as  an  ink.  The  writing  with  this  solution  is- 
quite  invisible  when  dry,  but  when  exposed  to  the  vapor  of 
ammonia  it  becomes  pink,  and  fades  again  as  the  ammonia 
volatilizes.  By  breathing  upon  the  paper  the  color  disappears, 
almost  immediately. 


26C 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June.  ]!114 


Ann   Pit    Deodorizer. 

Talcum    S  ounces 

Starch    2  ounces 

Oil    of   eucah-ptus ^<  dram 

Thymol    •.   10  grains 

Salicylic  acid    60-grains 

Mix  the  oil,  acid,  and  thymol  intimately,  add  the  talcum 
gradually  and  in  divided  portions,  mixing  well  after  each 
addition,  then  incorporate  the  starch,  mix  and  sift. 

A  remedy  in  paste  form  that  has  been  recommended  consists 
oi  carbolic  acid,  30  grains;   burnt  alum,  2   drams;   talcum,   2 
drams;    orris   root,    1    ounce;    comstardi,    10    ounces;    violet 
extract,  2  fl.  drams;  glycerin,  enough  to  make  a  paste. 
Transparent  Cosmetic. 

Transparent   soap    8  oimces 

Glycerin    14  ounce 

^Vater    1  ounce 

Mucilage  of  acacia y,  ounce 

Otto  of  rose 5  drops 

Oil   of  cinnamon 10  drops 

Oil  of  lemon 20  drops 

Cut  the  soap  (which  should  be  one  of  the  common  soft 
brands)  into  shavings,  and  heat  on  a  waterbath,  along  with  the 
water,  glycerin  and  mucilage.  Stir  constantly,  adding  water 
if,  on  testing  a  little  of  the  cooled  mass,  it  is  found  to  be  too 
hard.  Then  add  the  perfumes,  mixed  with  a  dram  of  spirit, 
and  cast  into  sticks. 

Bismuth  Hair  Eestorer. 
(A) 

Bismuth    acetate    0.5 

Glycerin     5 .0 

Water   95 . 0 

Mix. 

(B) 

Bismuth  subnitrate    125  grains 

Solution  of  potash   (10  per  cent.). 

Citric  acid,  of  each sufficient 

Glycerin    3  ounces 

Orange-flower  water,  enough  to  make . .  S  ounces 
Triturate  the  glycerin  and  bismuth  subnitrate  together,  heat 
on  a  water-bath,  and  add  potash  solution  gradually  until  the 
bismuth  salt  dissolves.  Next  add  citric  acid  solution  until 
only  a  faint  alkalinity  remains.  Finally,  make  up  to  8  oimces. 
This  is  applied  by  means  of  a  toothbrush.  (Ck.  &  Dr.) 
Bichromate    Fly    Paper. 

Potassium  bichromate   2  ounces 

Sugar    1  ounce 

Oil  of  black  pepper 14  ounce 

.\lcohol    4  fl.  ounces 

Water    24  fl.  ounces 

Mix  thoroughly;  macerate  for  several  days,  and  filter  off  the 
liquid.     In   this  solution   soak  unsized   absorbent  paper,   allow 
to  dry,  and  again  soak  and  allow  to  dr^-. 
Glove   Cleaning  Paste. 

Castile  soap    8  ounces 

Borax    1  ounce 

Caustic  potash   1  ounce 

Glycerin    1  ounce 

.Alcohol    2  ounces 

Water    42  ounces 

Dissolve  the  boras  in  2  pints  of  water,  and  bring  to  a  boil; 
during  boiling  add  the  soap  in  shavings  and  dissolve.     Now 
add  the  caustic  potash  dissolved  in  the  rest  of  the  water  and 
tke  glycerin,  stirring  thoroughly  to  mix.     (Ch.   &  Dr.) 
Cement  for  Uniting  Glass  and  Metal. 

(1) 

Portland    cement    2  ounces 

Prepared    chalk    1  ounce 

Sand    1  ounce 

Sodium   silicate    q.s. 

The  first  three  ingredients  are  mixed  into  a  thick  cream  with 
tke  water-glass. 


(2) 

Iron   filings    5  pounds 

Sulphur    1  ounce 

Sal  ammoniac   2  ounces 

Moisten  with  water  and  ram  tightly  into  the  joint. 

Polishing   Cloths. 

Pumice  stone  (in  finest  powder) 100  parts 

Tripoli   (infusorial  earth) 100  parts 

O.xalic  acid    30  parts 

Dextrin   20  parts 

Water    a  sufficiency 

Dissolve  the  dextrin  in  the  water,  add  the  powders  and  stir 
until  the  latter  are  thoroughly  distributed  throughout  the  liquid. 
In  this  dip  suitable  cloths  of  a  convenient  size,  and  hang  them 
out  to  dry.  The  combination  of  polishing  powders  may  be 
varied  at  will. 

Paste  for  Varnished  Surfaces. 

Rice  starch    2  ounces 

White    glue    1  ounce 

Acetic   acid    ]/2  ounce 

Oil  of  cloves 20  minims 

Soften  the  glue  in  cold  water,  then  bring  to  a  boil.    Mix  the 
starch  with  a  little  cold  water  and  pour  into  the  boiling  solu- 
tion of  glue.     Finally  add  the  acetic  acid  and  oil  of  cloves. 
Pencils  for  Kemovlng  Grease  Spots. 

0.xgall   16  parts 

Powdered  borax   8  parts 

Magnesia    20  parts 

Soap  powder  56  parts 

Rub  well  together  and  then  add  sufficient  green  soap  to  make 
into  a  stiff  paste.  Roll  out  into  pencils  of  a  convenient  size 
and  set  aside  to  dry.  In  use  the  end  of  the  pencil  is  dipped 
slightly  into  water  and  applied  to  the  spot.  .After  rubbing  it 
in,  wipe  off  with  a  moist  sponge. 

Blue  Kubber  Stamp  Ink. 

Indigo,  in  fine  powder 10  parts 

Gum  arable  4  parts 

Glycerin    4  parts 

Water    3  parts 

Dissolve  the  gum  in  the  water,  and  mix  with  the  glycerin; 
then  triturate  with  the  indigo  until  a  homogeneous  mass  is 
obtained. 

Sheep    Dip. 

Arsenious  acid   6  ounces 

Dried  sodium  carbonate 6  ounces 

Sublimed  sulphur  4  ounces 

Soft  soap   6  ounces 

Water    q.s. 

Mix  the  arsenic  with  the  sodium  carbonate  and  sulphur; 
then  boil  the  mixture  with  the  soft  soap  and  sufficient  water  to 
effect  solution  of  the  arsenic;  next,  add  more  water  to  produce 
16  gallons  of  sheep  dip. 

Cement  for  Aquarium. 

Litharge    3  ounces 

Fine   white   sand 3  ounces 

Plaster  of  paris 3  ounces 

Powdered   rosin    1  ounce 

Linseed  oil, 

Japan  drier,  of  each,  sufficient. 
Mix  the  first  three  ingredients,  add  sufficient  linseed  oil  to 
make  a  homogeneous  paste,  and  then  add  a  small  quantity  of 
drier.     Allow  to  stand  a  few  hours  before  using. 

Skin  Cream  for  Collapsible  Tubes. 
Melt  6  ounces  of  white  vaseline,  1  ounce  of  white  wax,  and 
5  drams  of  spermaceti  together,  and  while  cooling,  incorporate 
(in  a  warm  mortar)  6  drams  of  bismuth  subchloride.  In  }4 
ounce  of  alcohol  dissolve  6  minims  of  oil  of  rose  and  1  minim 
of  oil  of  bitter  almond,  and  add  the  solution  to  the  vaseline 
mixture,  stirring  all  tmtil  uniform  and  cold.  In  cold  weather 
the  quantities  of  ^%-ax  and  spermaceti  may  be  reduced.  In 
place  of  the  oils  of  rose  and  bitter  almond,  the  mixture  may 
be  perfumed  with  any  desired  handkerchief  extract. 


June.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


267 


FSCGBES3    CF    EESEAECH    ABROAD. 


New    Enzyme    Studies    by    Bourquelot — Thera  :>eutic 

TJses    of    Potatoes — Curing    of    Tea.    Coffee,    C;  eao, 

and    Tobacco    Compared — Large    Seeds    Prodi.ce 

Large  Plants. 

COXTIXUING  his  work  on  the  biochemical  synthesis  of 
glucosides  and  sugars,  Professor  Bourquelot  has  studied 
the  action  of  invertin  in  alcoholic  solutions,  determining 
the  strengths  at  which  the  ferment  ceases  to  act.  An  English 
firm  has  put  on  the  market  a  number  of  medicinal  preparations 
using  common  potatoes  as  a  base,  and  recommends  them  in 
rheumatic  affections.  Delassus,  having  examined  a  large  num- 
ber of  experimental  crops  of  common  plants,  reports  that  large 
seeds  produce  large  plants,  and  that  the  rate  and  amount  of 
development  of  plants  propagated  from  small  seeds  are  less 
than  from  large  seeds.  A  number  of  analytical  notes  are 
presented,  including  tests  for  halogen  in  benzoic  acid,  the 
determination  of  iodine  in  pills  of  ferrous  iodide,  the  detection 
of  diacetic  acid  and  acetone  in  urine,  and  the  estimation  of 
cod  liver  oil  in  emulsions. 
Determination  of  Silver — 

The  determination  of  silver  in  organic  compounds,  such  as 
the  colloidal  albumen  combinations,  is  usually  carried  out  by 
incinerating  the  substance,  and  dissolving  the  residue  in  nitric 
acid,  or  else  the  organic  matter  is  destroyed  by  means  of  sul- 
phuric acid  and  permanganate.  The  first  method,  when  em- 
ployed in  establishments  without  an  effective  hood,  gives  rise 
to  aimoying  odors,  while  the  second  demands  considerable  time 
and  experience.  Stocker  therefore  recommends  the  following 
method:  One  g.  of  the  silver  compound  is  dissolved  in  a  roomy 
flask  in  10  cc.  of  water,  10  cc.  of  cone,  nitric  acid,  and  10  cc. 
of  10  per  cent,  sodium  nitrite  solution.  The  nitrous  acid 
evolved  decolorizes  the  solution,  and  all  the  silver  is  converted 
into  nitrate.  The  excess  of  nitrous  acid  is  then  driven  off  by 
heating,  foam  being  destroyed  by  a  few  drops  of  alcohol.  The 
usual  titration  can  then  be  carried  out,  with  sulphocyanate 
solution  and  iron  alum.  The  color  change  can  be  easily  ob- 
served in  the  yellow  solution.  The  results  are  said  to  be  in 
good  accord  with  those  afforded  by  the  official  D.  A.-B.  method. 
(Stocker,  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  344.) 
New  Platinum  Mine — 

At  Wenden,  in  Westphalia,  a  new  platinum  mine  will  soon 
begin  work.  While  assaying  the  ore  for  copper,  lead,  and 
iron,  it  was  unexpectedly  found  to  be  rich  in  platinum,  equiva- 
lent to  36-70  g.  of  the  metal  per  cu.  m.  of  rock.  Deposits 
hitherto  worked  have  usually  yielded  only  6  or  8  g.  per  cu.  m., 
and  the  maximum  yield  does  not  exceed  40  g.  per  cu.  m. 
The  ore  is  therefore  much  richer  than  any  known  beds.  Sam- 
ples showing  essentially  the  same  figures  have  been  obtained 
from  an  area  of  over  two  million  sq.  m.  In  these  new  ores, 
contrary  to  what  is  generally  met  with,  not  all  of  the  platinum 
is  in  the  metallic  state,  part  being  in  some  combination  soluble 
in  nitric  acid.  (L'Office  Chim.,  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Insoluble  Pills  of  Arsenic  and  Iron — 

In  the  treatment  of  anemia  with  iron  and  arsenic,  it  was 
noted  that  the  steady  increase  of  hemoglobin  ceased  as  soon 
as  the  drugs  were  given  in  the  form  of  pills,  where  previously 
they  had  been  administered  in  liquid  form.  Investigation 
proved  that  the  great  majority  of  the  pills  passed  through  the 
body  unchanged.  Ninety-three  per  cent,  of  the  iron  and  over 
80  per  cent,  of  the  arsenic  had  not  been  absorbed.  Schroeder 
therefore  recommends  the  following  formulas:  1.  Arsenic, 
ferrous  sulphate,  manna,  and  extract  of  gentian.  2.  The  same 
with  the  addition  of  licorice.  3.  Arsenic,  ferrous  sulphate, 
licorice,  and  tragacanth.  The  last  formula  showed,  in  a  trial, 
that  no  pill  was  recovered  from  patients  thus  treated.  The 
pills  are  also  said  to  be  preferable  to  the  liquid  preparations, 
on  account  of  lower  cost  and  absence  of  alcohol.  (Schroeder, 
Hosp.  Tidende.,  1913;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Synergism  of  Opium  Alkaloids — 

Caesar,    after    making    Quantitative    investigations    of    this 
subject,  finds  that  the  greatest  increase  of  the  activity  of  mor- 


phine is  caused  by  narcotine,  but  that  in  ternary  systems 
various  unforseeable  effects  may  be  met  with.  It  is  therefore 
certain  that  the  increase  in  the  activity  of  morphine,  brought 
about  by  narcotine,  is  not  the  final  solution  of  the  action  of 
opium.  The  determination  of  the  toxicity  of  opium  and  its 
preparations  supports  this  view.  It  is  impossible  to  find  the 
most  favorable  combination  of  opium  alkaloids,  so  that  it 
could  be  calculated  mathematically.  The  composition  of  opiuna 
is  always  different.  At  the  same  time,  the  best  effects  of 
opium  are  given  by  a  mi.xture  of  equal  parts  of  narcotine  and 
morphine,  as  proved  by  Straub  and  the  author.  (Caesar, 
Biochem.  Z.,  1913,  No.  4.) 
Halogens  in  Benzoic  Acid — 

In  a  dry  test  tube  mix  thoroughly  by  means  of  a  glass  rod 
0.1  g.  of  benzoic  acid  and  0.5  g.  of  mercuric  oxide.  Heat  the 
mixture,  with  constant  rotation  of  the  tube,  in  a  small  flame, 
until  the  formation  of  gas  and  the  glowing  of  the  charred 
mass  have  subsided.  Cool,  add  10  cc.  of  dilute  nitric  acid, 
heat  nearly  to  boilin.g,  and  filter.  On  the  addition  of  silver 
nitrate,  not  more  than  a  faint  opalescence  should  be  seen. 
(Wende,  .Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  157.) 
Adulterations  of  Cacao  Butter — 

Lately  there  have  come  into  European  markets  a  number 
of  lots  of  cacao  butter,  which  outwardly  appeared  to  be 
entirely  genuine,  but  which  were  offered  at  a  price  lower  tha« 
that  at  which  a  pure  product  could  be  produced.  One  Dutch 
preparation,  the  "Elite"  or  "Swan"  brand,  was  investigated 
by  Grimme.  The  solidification  point  of  the  fatty  acids  was 
lower  (44.9-45°)  than  in  guaranteed  cacao  butter  samples  used 
for  comparison  (48.8-49.2°)  ;  and  the  acids  had  a  light  yellow, 
finely  crystalline  appearance,  as  compared  with  the  brownish 
yellow,  coarsely  crystalline  structure  of  the  acids  from  the 
Swan  butter.  Since  the  suspected  product  possessed  the  proper 
chemical  characteristics,  the  physical  properties  were  examined 
more  closely.  The  suspicion  that  a  hardened  fat  was  used 
could  not  be  confirmed,  as  there  was  not  the  slightest  trace 
o:"  nickel.  The  study  of  the  critical  solution  temperatures  in 
absolute  alcohol  and  glacial  acetic  acid  showed  the  substance 
to  contain  an  artificial  glyceride.  The  critical  solution  tem- 
perature in  2  volumes  of  alcohol  was  76°,  while  authentic 
samples  gave  corresponding  values  of  79-80°,  and  in  acetic 
acid,  the  same  constant  was  35°  for  the  suspected  butter,  as 
against  65-69°  for  genuine  products.  (Grimme,  Pharm.  Zen- 
tralhalle,  1914,  p.  285.) 
Fermentations  in  Tea,  Cacao,  Coffee  and  Tobacco — 

Buds  and  the  three  upper  leaves  are  gathered  from  the  taa. 
plant.  After  a  loss  of  about  25  per  cent,  by  drying  has  takem 
place,  the  leaves  are  rolled  on  bamboo  mats  until  the  juice 
comes  to  the  surface  when  the  leaves  are  pressed  between  the 
hands,  and  are  then  dried  over  an  open  fire.  The  rolling  is 
the  most  important  process,  and  its  purpose  is  to  break  up  the 
cells  without  tearing  the  leaf,  allowing  ox>gen  from  the  air 
to  penetrate  to  the  cell  juices.  Fermentation  of  the  tannin 
therein  contained  sets  in.  The  best  teas  are  obtained  from 
the  leaves  which  contain  the  most  tannin.  Schulte  does  not 
believe  that  bacteria  play  a  part,  but  ascribes  the  fermentation 
solely  to  enzymes  and  atmospheric  oxygen.  Cacao  beans  are 
first  freed  of  the  hard  shells,  and  then  piled  in  chests,  where 
they  remain  for  from  2  to  10  days.  Heat  is  developed,  and 
the  portions  of  the  fruit  (mesocarp)  still  adhering  to  the 
beans,  are  attacked  by  the  yeast  in  the  tropical  air.  Fermen- 
tation of  the  sugars  takes  place,  forming  alcohol,  and  later  on, 
acetic  acid.  The  object  of  the  fermentation  is  merely  to  loosen 
the  bits  of  mesocarp  attached  to  the  beans,  and  to  kill  the 
beans  by  the  high  temperature  produced.  During  the  subae- 
quent  drying,  oxygen  penetrates  the  interior  of  the  beans,  and 
changes  the  astringent  substances.  Similar  processes  take 
place  with  coffee,  for  a  similar  purpose.  The  berries  are 
partly  crushed,  and  the  beans  are  piled  in  heaps,  where  they 
lie  for  several  days.  The  hard  seed  coats  are  loosened,  and 
can  be  removed  by  machines  after  drying.  No  acetous  fer- 
mentation may  take  place,  or  the  aroma  is  impaired.  The 
nature  of  tobacco  fermentation  is  not  entirely  understood. 
However,    substances   like    those    in    tea   seem    to    be   preeent. 


26S 


THE   PHAKMACEUTICAL   EKA 


[June,  1914 


Fine  tobaccos  in  Sumatra  are  fermented  for  o  to  5  months. 
It  is  thought  that  many  of  the  nitrogenous  constituents  are 
thereby  changed  into  amides,  and  finally  into  ammonia,  nitrates, 
and  organic  acids,  micro-organisms  taking  part.  (Schulte,  Z. 
Xahr.  Genussm.,  1914,  p.  209.) 
Action  of  Invertin  in  Alcohol — 

It  has  been  found  that  alcohol,  methyl  or  ethyl,  has  a  harm- 
ful action  on  the  hydrolyzing  or  synthesizing  action  of  certain 
ferments,  such  as  alpha-glucosidase  and  emulsin,  except  when 
the  alcohol  strength  is  below  about  35  per  cent.  (g.  in  100  cc). 
With  other  ferments,  as  invertin,  alcohol  is  without  harmful 
effect,  and  in  such  cases  the  liquid  simply  plays  the  part  of 
a  neutral  medium,  in  which  the  various  reactions  can  proceed. 
Perhaps  it  will  furnish  a  medium  more  favorable  than  water 
for  the  biochemical  synthesis  of  cane  sugar,  which  has  not  yet 
been  accomplished.  The  hydrolysis  of  cane  sugar  can  be 
followed  only  by  determination  of  the  reducing  sugars  formed, 
but  it  was  of  interest  to  study  in  addition  the  rotation  of  the 
solutions  by  means  of  the  polarimeter.  In  order  to  do  so,  it 
was  first  necessary  to  determine  the  rotation  of  glucose  and 
fructose  in  methyl  and  ethyl  alcohols  of  various  strengths.  It 
was  found  that  the  rotation  of  fructose  in  both  alcohols  de- 
creases with  increasing  alcohol  strength,  while  that  of  glucose 
increases;  in  other  words,  a  positive  change  in  rotation  takes 
place  with  both  sugars.  Tests  were  made  in  alcohols  contain- 
ing from  10  to  80  g.  in  100  g.,  to  which  were  added  1  g.  of 
cane  sugar,  and  0.2  g.  of  dried  top  yeast,  which  had  been 
killed  by  immersion  in  strong  alcohol.  The  initial  rotation 
was  +1.33°.  In  solutions  up  to  and  including  those  con- 
taining 40  per  cent,  of  alcohol,  hydrolysis  was  complete,  but 
in  50  per  cent,  alcohol  the  ferment  was  destroyed.  In  another 
series,  the  yeast  was  macerated  in  the  corresponding  strength 
of  alcohol  for  a  week,  then  filtered  off,  and  the  maceration 
was  used  for  the  experiment.  Under  these  conditions  action 
was  much  slower  than  with  the  yeast  itself.  In  ethyl  alcohol 
similar  results  were  obtained.  Hydrolysis  was  complete  in 
alcohob  up  to  40  per  cent.,  and  almost  complete  in  50  per 
cent.  The  second  series,  using  macerations,  showed  a  slowing 
of  the  action,  but  this  was  apparently  not  due,  as  in  the  first 
case,  to  the  destruction  of  the  ferment,  since  invertin  which 
had  remained  in  contact  with  90  per  cent,  alcohol  for  two 
months,  still  possessed  hydrolvzing  powers.  (Bourquelot  and 
Eridel,  J.  Pharm.  Chini..  1914,  p.  321.) 
Influence  of  Size  of  Seed  on  Development  of  Plant — 

The  author  made  a  number  of  experimental  growings  from 
selected  large  and  small  seeds  of  the  bean,  vetch,  chick  pea, 
lupine,  pumpkin  and  corn.  In  all  cases  the  smaller  seeds  pro- 
duced smaller  plants.  The  rate  and  amount  of  development 
was  less  in  the  case  of  the  smaller  seeds;  the  leaves  or  leaflets 
formed  were  fewer  in  number  and  smaller  in  size;  the  weight 
of  dry  material  produced  by  the  two  series  of  growths,  checked 
each  month,  was  always  markedly  greater  from  the  large  seeds' 
growth.  A  transverse  section  of  the  stem  or  root  of  a  plant 
derived  from  a  large  seed  invariably  showed  a  much  greater 
development  of  tissues,  especially  in  the  number  and  size  of 
the  fibro-vascular  bundles.  For  instance,  in  the  case  of  a  bean 
derived  from  a  large  seed,  18  well-developed  fibro-vascular 
bundles  were  counted  in  a  section  of  a  stem  a  month  old. 
In  a  similar  section,  from  the  corresponding  plant  of  a  small 
seed,  only  14  or  15  fibro-vascular  bundles  could  be  counted. 
It  is  evident  that  the  greater  amount  of  reserve  material  con- 
tained in  the  larger  seeds  has  a  favorable  influence  on  the 
development  and  growth  of  the  plant.  Larger  seeds  invariably 
produce  more  vigorous  plants  than  smaller.  (Delassus,  Compt. 
Rend.,  1913,  p.  1452;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Acetone  and  Diacetic  Acid  in  Urine — 

Legal's  reagent  being  difficult  to  keep,  it  has  been  modified 
to  contain  glacial  acetic  acid,  10  g. ;  10  per  cent,  solution  of 
sodium  nitro-prussiate,  10  cc.  This  will  keep  in  a  corked 
bottle  for  several  months.  To  IS  cc.  of  filtered  urine  add 
about  20  drops  of  reagent,  mix,  and  cautiously  add  20  drops 
of  ammon'a  water,  floating  it  on  the  surface  of  the  liquid. 
Acetone,  if  present  to  the  extent  of  1  part  in  2000,  gives  a 
violet  disk  at  the  zone  of  contact.  Acetone  is  sometimes  found 
unaccompanied  by  diacetic  acid.  To  detect  the  latter,  dilute 
the  urine  with  4  volumes  of  water,  and  add  drop  by  drop 
a  10  per  cent,  solution  of  ferric  chloride.  Normal  urine,  even 
if  it  contains  acetone,  gives  a  white,  cloudy  precipitate.  A 
trace  of  diacetic  acid  gives  a  dark  violet  precipitate,  very 
clearly    marked.     These   tests   are    easy    to   carry   out    at    the 


bcd.^iiile,  but  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  they  have  no 
rekuiMi  to  each  other,  and  their  indications  are  quite  distinct 
froir  a  diagnostic  viewpoint.  (Union  Pharm.,  1914,  p.  132. > 
Synthesis  of  Alpha   Ethyl-Galaotoside — 

.\  mixture  was  prepared  containing  95  g.  of  galactose,  2000 
cc  of  an  aqueous  maceration  of  bottom  yeast,  1500  g.  of 
absolute  alcohol,  and  water  to  make  10.000  cc.  .^fter  five 
months  in  the  laboratory,  the  rotation  passed  from  -1-1.53°  to 
+  1.90°,  and  0.135  g.  of  galactose  in  100  cc.  was  found  tO' 
have  gone  into  combination.  The  observed  rotation  agrees 
exactly  with  that  calculated  on  the  assumption  that  alpha- 
ethyl-galactoside  was  formed.  The  latter  was  then  extracted 
in  the  usual  manner,  and  the  residue  from  the  alcoholic  solu- 
tion treated  with  acetic  ether,  and  on  evaporation  the  latter 
gave  a  crop  of  crystals,  which  were  further  purified  by  acetone 
and  alcohol.  The  pure  substance  melts  at  140-142°,  and  has 
a  rotation  of  +185.5°,  which  agrees  well  with  the  value 
found  bv  Fischer.  (Herissev  and  Aubry,  J.  Pharm.  Chim., 
K>14,  p.  327.) 
Determination  of  Iodine  in  Pills  of  Ferrous  Iodide — 

Count  out  10  pills,  place  them  in  a  conical  flask  of  250  cc, 
and  add  10  cc.  of  a  10  per  cent,  solution  of  silver  nitrate. 
Heat  over  a  small  flame.  Cool,  add  50  cc.  of  fuming  nitric 
acid,  and  continue  to  heat  on  the  water  bath  until  the  silver 
iodide  has  taken  on  its  proper  pale  yellow  color.  Add  200  cc. 
of  water,  collect  the  precipitate  on  a  filter,  dry  it,  and  wash 
with  ether  to  remove  traces  of  resins  which  have  escaped 
destruction  by  the  nitric  acid.  It  is  stated  that  in  pills  sup- 
posed to  contain  0.041  g.  of  iodine,  only  0.0335  g.  was  found. 
This  loss  shows  that  the  method  needs  modification.  It  is 
not  applicable  to  pills  containing  insoluble  mineral  substances. 
The  excipient  recommended  by  the  Codex  (honey,  licorice 
powder,  and  althaea)  should  be  used  by  manufacturers,  sO' 
that  the  iodine  mav  be  determinable.  (Francois  and  Lormand,. 
J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  p.  332.) 
Effect  of  Soap  on  Bichloride  Solutions — 

The  opinion  has  been  prevalent,  unsupported  by  any  experi- 
mental data,  that  the  addition  of  soap  to  solution  of  corrosive 
sublimate  adversely  affects  the  germicidal  action.  The  author 
proved  practically  that  this  is  incorrect.  The  action  of  soap  on 
a  1  :  1000  solution  of  mercuric  chloride  in  no  way  lessens  its- 
bactericidal  action.  (Martins,  Hygien.  Rundschau.,  1914,  p. 
125;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Therapeutic  Uses  of  Potatoes — 

Raw  potatoes  are  put  into  a  hydraulic  press,  and  the  liquid 
squeezed  out.  About  half  the  weight  of  the  potato  is  in  the 
juice,  which  is  collected.  The  starch  and  nitrogenous  matter 
are  then  removed,  leaving  the  juice  containing  only  the  salts. 
This  is  then  concentrated  by  heat,  and  glycerin  added  as  a 
preservative,  the  finished  preparation,  Extractum  Solanf 
Liquidum,  being  about  five  times  the  strength  of  the  juice,  or 
10  times  the  strength  of  the  potato.  .-Xn  ointment  made  with 
lard  is  prepared  of  the  same  strength  as  the  extract.  A  liniment 
is  made  by  using  equal  parts  of  the  extract  and  compound 
soap  liniment,  or  two  parts  of  the  extract  and  one  of  soap 
liniment.  Plaster  is  used  in  the  strength  of  1  to  10.  .Ampules 
are  used,  containing  the  pure  extract,  sterilized.  The  prepara- 
tions are  used  in  synovitis,  gout,  rheumatism  and  bruises, 
chiefly  for  relieving  pain.  (Howard,  Lancet,  1914;  through 
Chem.  Drug..  1914,  p.  600.) 
Determination  of  Oil  in  Cod  Liver  Emulsions — 

This  method  makes  use  of  the  simplest  apparatus,  and  is 
sufficiently  accurate  for  determinations  in  the  drug  store  labora- 
tory. In  a  200  cc.  flask  20  g.  of  emulsion  are  accurately 
weighed,  and  180  g.  of  distilled  water  added.  .A.fter  careful 
shaking,  resulting  in  a  uniform,  milky  liquid,  20  g.  are  re- 
moved, corresponding  to  2  g.  of  emulsion.  This  amount  is 
transferred  to  a  graduated  100  cc.  cylinder,  and  10  cc.  of 
alcohol  are  added  and  shaken  well.  Fifty  cc.  of  ether  are  then 
added  from  a  pipette,  and  shaken  thoroughly.  If  desired.  25 
cc.  of  ether  can  be  used,  and  25  cc.  of  petroleum  ether  added, 
after  first  shaking  the  ether  well.  In  a  short  time  a  complete 
separation  into  two  layers  takes  place,  the  upper  layer  usually 
amounting  to  51-52  cc.  Twenty-five  cc.  of  the  ethereal  layer 
are  then  pipetted  into  a  weighed  beaker,  warmed  on  the  water 
bath  until  the  odor  of  ether  has  vanished,  and  cooled  in  a 
desiccator  and  weighed.  In  a  50  per  cent,  emulsion  the  residue 
generally  corresponds  to  49.5  per  cent,  of  oil,  a  loss  of  only 
1   per  cent.    (Feyen,  Pharm.  Ztg.,    1914,   p.  252.) 


June,  19141 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


269 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
■and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE  NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department  from  non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if    not    out    of    print,    may    be    obtained    for   25    cents    each. 


Nail    Bleach.   Powder, 
(M.C.C.) — Try   one   of   the  following  formulas   taken   from 
the  Era  Formulary : 

(1) 

White  castile  soap,  1  part;  hot  water,  16  parts;  10  per  cent, 
zinc  chloride  solution,  q.s.  Dissolve  the  soap  in  the  water,  and 
add  the  zinc  chloride  solution  uiitil  no  further  precipitation 
occurs.  Let  stand  over  night,  pour  off  the  supernatant  fluid, 
wash  the  precipitate  well  with  water,  and  dry  at  the  ordinary 
temperature.     Carmine  may   be  added   if  necessary. 

(2) 
Powdered  rottenstone,   1   ounce;  heavy  magnesium  carbonate, 
4    ounces;    sodium    perborate,    2    ounces;    powdered    silica,    1 
pound.     Mix,  and  tint,  if  desired. 

As  a  simple  "bleach"  there  is  perhaps  nothing  better  than 
a  solution  of  tartaric  acid  (30  grains)  in  rose  water  (1  fl. 
ounce). 

A  "nail  polishing  stick"  is  made  as  follows,  although,  if 
•desired,  the  mixture  may  be  worked  up  into  cake  form :  Putty 
powder,  8  ounces;  carmine,  20  grains;  perfume,  sufficient; 
mucilage  of  tragacanth,  sufficient.  The  powders  and  perfume 
are  well  mixed,  massed  with  mucilage  and  piped  on  a  pill 
■machine. 

Solid  Rouge    (Rouge  en   paste). 

Carmine    30  grains 

Talc     600  grains 

Gum    arable    SO  grains 

Powder  the  ingredients  as  finely  as  possible  and  intimately 
mi.x  by  trituration  in  a  mortar,  then  form  into  a  paste  by  the 
careful  addition  of  water.  Pack  in  very  shallow  porcelain  pots, 
about  l'/2  inches  in  diameter.  A  darker  rouge  for  persons 
with  brunette  complexions  is  obtained  by  increasing  the  pro- 
portion of  carmine.  See  also  answer  to  a  similar  query  else- 
where in  this  department. 


Nail    Polish    in    Paste    or    Cake    Porm:    Alloxan. 

(L.S.) — The  abrasives  used  in  nail  polishes  are  tin  oleate 
or  oxide  (putty  powder),  emery  powder,  powdered  pumice 
stone,  kieselguhr,  etc.  A  powder  which  contains  neither  tin 
oxide  or  kiese'guhr  and  which  may  suit  your  purpose,  is  the 
following,  taken  from  the  Era  Formulary: 

Cinnabar     1   ounce 

Emery   powder    1   ounce 

Oil  of  bitter  almond 2  drops 

Mix  and  sift. 

By  adding  a  little  oil  or  glycerin,  the  powder  may  be  con- 
verted into  a  paste,  while  if  the  polish  is  wanted  in  the  form 
of  a  cake  the  addition  of  a  little  powdered  tragacanth  or  other 
adhesive  is  necessary.  Or,  the  powder  may  be  formed  into  a 
■cake  by  incorporating  it  with  a  sufficient  quantity  of  mutton 
suet  or  a  mixture  of  equal  parts  of  vaseline  and  hard  paraffin. 
Alloxan,  mesoxalyl  urea,  was  discovered  by  Li'ibig  and 
Woehler,  and  may  be  prepared  by  adding  crystals  of  uric  acid 
in  small  portions  at  a  time  to  nitric  acid,  sp.  gr,  1.42,  until 
•effervescence  no  longer  occurs.  On  cooling,  the  alloxan  sepa- 
rates in  rhombic  prisms  which  are  strongly  acid  and  readi'v 
•soluble  in  water.  Owing  to  its  peculiar  properties,  it  has  been 
recommended  for  use  as  a  face  paint  or  rouge.  When  mixed 
with  a  greasy  body  after  the  manner  of  cold  cream,  a  white  cream 
results.  On  e-xposure  to  the  air  by  rubbing  the  cream  so  made 
upon  the  cheek  or  other  part  of  the  skin,  the  alloxan  gradually 
turns  a  deep  rose  color,  the  color  change  being  due  to  the 
■oxidizing   influence   of   the   atmosphere.      According    to    Piesse, 


this  product,  "used  judiciously,  creates  the  most  perfect  delu- 
sion perpetrated  by  the  toilet  of  fashion."  The  present  price 
of  alloxan  is  about  25  cents  per  1  gram  vial.  -A  formula  for 
"rouge  allo.xan"  or  "murexide  paint"  is  given  in  the  new  Era 
Formulary;  the  product  made  therefrom  being  said  to  be 
identical  with  the  preparation  sold  in  Austria  under  the  name 
"Schnuda." 


Liquid   for    Gi^ving    Smoky    Flavor    to    Meat. 

(R.S.C.) — Pyroligneous  acid,  the  source  of  the  acetic  acid 
of  commerce,  either  singly  or  in  combination,  is  employed  to 
impart  a  smoky  flavor  to  meat,  and  also  as  a  preservative. 
In  applying  it,  the  usual  procedure  is  to  take  the  meat  out  of 
pickle  and  dry ;  with  a  sponge  or  brush  wash  the  meat  all  over 
with  the  crude  pyroligneous  acid,  hang  up  in  a  cool  place, 
and  repeat  the  application  at  intervals  of  a  few  days  until 
three  coats  have  been  applied.  A  mixture  recommended  for 
application  to  meat  as  a  "liquid  smoke"   is  the  following; 

Rectified  spirit  of  tar,  2  ounces;  alcohol,  4  ounces;  mix, 
and  add  crude  pyroligneous  acid,  20  ounces.  Shake  well,  and 
filter  through  paper  previously  well  wetted  with  the  acid.  Let 
the  meat  dry  well  after  salting,  then  apply  the  liquid  with  a 
brush  to  one  side  of  the  meat,  letting  it  dry  on  for  a  few 
hours ;  then  apply  to  the  other  side  and  after  drying  for  a 
few  hours,  hang  the  meat  up  for  several  days.  Repeat  the 
process,  and  in  another  week  the  meat  is  ready  to  be  eaten. 
One  quart  of  product  made  according  to  this  formula  is  said 
to  be  enough  for  application  to  250  or  300  pounds  of  meat. 
Another  formula  is  the  following,  which  has  been  published 
under  the  title  of: 

Smoke   Essence   for   Curing  Hams. 

Barbados   tar    30  minims 

Caramel    1  dram 

Port   wine    5  drams 

Vinegar     5  drams 

Salt    2  drams 

Water    7  ounces 

Macerate  several  weeks  and  filter. 

Pyroligneous  acid  is  one  of  the  products  of  the  destructive 
distillation  of  wood,  and  in  large  quantities  it  can  be  obtained 
direct  from  such  distillers  or  manufacturers,  but  for  your 
purpose  you  can  doubtless  buy  all  you  may  want  from  the 
large  wholesale  druggists  of  Chicago  or  St.  Louis,  w^hich 
obviously  are  the  commercial  centers  of  your  territory. 

Hair   Tonic   Containing   Glycerin   and   Borax. 
(J.C.B.) — Here  are  two  formulas  of  the  character  you  out- 
line: 

(1) 

Cologne     2  ounces 

Quinine  sulphate    15  grains 

Tincture    of    cantharides 2  drams 

Borax    1   dram 

Ammonia  water    1   dram 

Glycerin    3  ounces 

Caramel,  enough  to  color   (about  1   dram) 

Bay   rum,   enough   to   make 16  ounces 

!Mix   and   filter. 

(2) 

Resorcin    5  drams 

Pilocarpine  nitrate   S  grains 

Bay    rum    2'/2  drams 

Rectified  spirit    20  ounces 

Tincture  of  saffron 10  minims 

Saturated  solution  of  boric  acid,  enough 

to  make    40  ounces 

Mix  and  filter. 

These  and  many  similar  formulas  are  to  be  found  in  the 
new  edition  of  the  Er,\  Formulary,  a  book  you  should  have. 
We  cannot  give  the  formula  for  the  proprietary  preparation 
to  which  you  refer,  although  according  to  the  analysis  of  the 
chemist  of  the  New  Hampshire  Board  of  Health  reported 
some  time  ago,  a  sample  was  found  to  have  3,56  per  cent,  of 


270 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


residue  on  evaporation ;  also  glycerin,  and  borax  or  boric  acid. 
Tfcere  was  also  found  54. S  per  cent,  alcohol,  one-fifth  of  which 
was  wood  alcohol.  Cndcr  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act  the  use 
of  the  last-named  is  not  permissible  in  medicinal  preparations. 


Cleaning'   Shelf    Bottles. 

(C.D.S.) — "Please  publish  in  the  Era  a  formula  for  a 
preparation  for  cleaning  shelf  bottle;." 

So  far  as  we  can  recall,  there  is  no  standard  preparation 
used  by  pharmacists  for  cleaning  shelfware  or  shop  bottles. 
It  is  safe  to  say,  however,  that  any  mixture  which  can  be  used 
for  cleaning  glassware  in  general  will  answer  the  purpose. 
A  preparation  like  the  following  has  been  recommended : 

Powdered  pumice  stone 2  ounces 

Oleate  of  ammonia 3  ounces 

Solution  of  ammonia,  enough  to  make..   16  ounces 

Mix.  Shake  before  using.  Apply  with  a  soft  cloth,  rub 
dean,  and  then  polish  with  a  soft,  dry  cloth. 

One  of  the  best  methods  of  cleaning  shelf  bottles  is  by 
■leans  of  a  damp  wash-leather  prepared  by  soaking  the  leather 
IK  clean  water,  carefully  squeezing  out  all  the  moisture  possible, 
and  then  rubbing  the  bottle  well  with  the  le.'ither  until  a 
brilliant  polish  is  produced.  .\  bottle  so  polished  does  not 
easily  show  the  marks  of  handling,  while  the  leather,  in  the 
case  of  varnished  labels,  does  not  affect  the  varnish  or  attack 
the  bottles.  As  a  general  proposition,  a  duster  should  never 
be  used  on  shop  bottles,  as  bottles  that  are  so  dusted  easily 
show  finger-marks  and  are  liable  to  become  dull  when  climatic 
changes  take  place.  For  shelf  bottles  which  have  contained 
oils,  resinous  tinctures,  thick  syrups,  etc.,  and  whose  outer 
surfaces  are  covered  with  deposits  from  such  preparations,  a 
more  vigorous  treatment  than  mere  polishing  is  needed;  the 
kbels  should  be  removed  and  the  bottles  soaked  in  a  warm 
alkaline  or  other  solution  to  remove  the  resinous  or  other 
deposits,  the  bottles  then  well-rinsed  in  water  to  remove  all 
traces  of  the  cleansing  agent,  finally  replacing  the  labels  and 
polishing  as  above  directed.  By  using  shelf  bottles  with  pro- 
tected tops  for  oils,  syrups,  etc.,  the  labor  of  caring  for  this 
part  of  the  store  furniture  is  reduced  to  a  minimum. 


Non-Alcoholic  Flavoring  Extracts. 

(X.E.C.) — From  a  practical  standpoint,  most  of  the  so- 
called  flavoring  extracts  of  the  "non-alcoholic  type"  are  not 
satisfactory,  as  it  is  impossible  to  make  a  solution  of  the 
ordinary  flavoring  agents  of  any  degree  of  concentration  with 
any  other  solvent  than  alcohol.  However,  under  the  title  of 
non-alcoholic  flavoring  extracts  may  be  included  those  flavor- 
ings known  as  oleosaccharates  or  "oil  sugars,"  a  typical  process 
for  the  manufacture  of  which  is  given  in  the  National  For- 
mulary, i.e.,  one  drop  of  the  desired  flavoring  oil  being  tritu- 
rated with  30  grains  of  sugar  until  a  fine  powder  is  obtained. 

According  to  the  report  of  the  chemist  of  the  New  Hampshire 
Board  of  Health  one  line  of  flavoring  extracts  on  the  market 
consists  of  a  mixture  or  emulsion  of  the  different  principles 
with  glycerin  and  what  appears  to  be  gum  tragacanth  in 
proportions  to  form  a  paste.  While  no  working  formula  so 
far  as  we  know  has  been  published,  it  is  possible  that  a  heavy 
emulsion  or  paste  can  be  made  with  many  essential  oils,  espe- 
cially if  they  are  of  the  terpeneless  or  so-called  "soluble"  type, 
by  using  gum  tragacanth  as  the  emulsifying  agent,  a  formula 
recommended  being  one  part  of  gum  to  10  parts  of  oil,  first 
putting  the  oil  in  a  dry  bottle,  then  adding  the  gum,  shaking, 
and  finally  adding  72  parts  of  water  and  shaking  \'igorously. 
Water  is  then  added  to  produce  the  desired  volume  or  bulk. 
Some  experimenting  is  needed  to  produce  a  satisfactory  prepa- 
ration of  this  character.  In  manufacturing  flavoring  e.xtracts 
the  idea  of  eliminating  a  non-flavoring  vehicle  like  alcohol  is 
a  good  one,  yet  when  concentration  and  cost  are  considered,  it 
is  extremely  doubtful  if  any  process  for  making  these  products 
can  supersede  the  time-tried  and  almost  universally  employed 
method  now  in  use. 


A  "Shot  Gun"  Stock  Food. 
(E.B.) — "Will  you  please  give  in  the  Er_\  the  proportion 
or  quantity  of  each  ingredient  in  the  following  list  to  form  a 
first-class  'stock  food  tonic'?  I  have  had  several  calls  for 
such  a  preparation  but  have  no  formula  from  which  to  make 
the  same.  The  list  contains  gentian,  mustard,  ginger,  licorice, 
capsicum,  charcoal,  cinchona  bark,  rosin  weed,  columba, 
elecampane,   anise  seed,  sulphur,  ground  salt,   ground  brewers' 


grains,  cottonseed  meal,  fla.xseed  meal,  gluten  meal,  malt 
sprouts,  pea  meal,  and  distiller's  grains,  the  last  seven  ingre- 
dieius  lo  be  used  as  diluents." 

li  would  be  extremely  difficult  to  find  a  more  highly  devel- 
oped example  of  "shot-gun  prescribing"  than  that  represented 
in  the  above  proposed  formula  for  a  "stock  food  tonic."  On 
analyzing  the  various  medicinal  properties  the  different  drugs 
are  supposed  to  possess,  there  is  a  wonderful  duplication,  two 
or  three  drugs  be  ng  named  which  are  "simple  bitters,"  a 
number  having  similar  if  not  identical  stomachic  properties, 
while  the  "seven  diluents"  might  well  be  reduced  to  a  mtich 
smaller  number  without  impairing  the  medicinal  %'alue  of  the 
mixture  one  whit.  However,  the  following  formula  is  sag- 
gcsted : 

Gentian     8  pounds 

Mustard    8  pounds 

Ginger     8  pounds 

Licorice    16  pounds 

Capsicum    4  pounds 

Charcoal    8  pounds 

Cinchona    4  pounds 

Rosin  weed   2  pounds 

Columba    .• 4  pounds 

Elecampane    2  pounds 

Anise  seed   2  pounds 

Sulphur    4  pounds 

Brewer's   grains    50  pounds 

Cottonseed    meal     50  pounds 

Flaxseed  meal 100  pounds 

Gluten   meal    25  pounds 

Malt  sprouts 25  pounds 

Pea  meal    150  pounds 

Distiller's   grains    30  pounds 

Reduce  each  substance  to  a  fine  powder,  then  thoroughly 
mix,  the  quantities  given  being  sufficient  to  make  500  pomds 
of  finished  product. 

.■\s  producing  typical  stock  foods  of  this  character  we  take 
the  following  formulas,  which  are  much  simpler  in  the  number 
of  ingredients,  and  in  therapeutic  value,  are  probably  just  as 
effective ; 

(1) 
Ground  linseed  oil  cake,  500  pounds;  fenugreek,  56  pouads; 
anise    seed,    10    pounds;    -African    ginger,    5    pounds;    salt,    25 
pounds;  licorice  root,  10  pounds.    This  mixture  is  said  to  have 
an  excellent  aroma  and  will  not  become  wormy. 

(2) 
Ground  oil  cake,  200  pounds;  miller's  shorts,  100  pounds; 
ground  St.  John's  bread,  100  pounds;  fenugreek,  30  pounds; 
anise  seed,  10  pounds;  salt,  20  pounds;  iron  sulphate,  5 
pounds:  .African  ginger,  5  pounds.  It  has  been  stated  that 
linseed  meal  in  a  stock  food  or  condition  powder  for  imme- 
diate use  is  preferable  to  oil  cake,  but  where  the  product  is. 
likely  to  remain  in  stock  for  a  year  or  more,  the  large  quantity 
of  oil  in  it  is  objectionable,  causing  a  rancid  odor  to  be 
evolved  from  the  packages. 


Deodorizing  Toilet  Powder. 
(H.H.N.) — "Please  publish  in  the  Question  Box  of  the  next 
Era  a  formula   for  a  deodorizing  powder  to  be  used   in   the 
armpits  especially." 

Any  antiseptic  toilet  pow-der  may  be  used  as  an  armpit 
powder  to  prevent  excessive  perspiration  and  to  overcome  the 
odor.  However,  here  is  a  combination  which  has  been  par- 
ticularly recommended  for  this  purpose : 

Salicylic   acid    45  grains 

Zinc  oxide   1  ounce 

Orris   root    2  ounces 

Talcum     7  ounces 

Ctmiarin    1  grain 

Oil    of    bergamot 10  drops 

Oil    of   rose 20  drops 

Tincture   of  musk 5  drops 

Carmine  solution,  q.s.  to  color. 
Reduce  the  solids  to  fine  powder  separately,  mix  thoroughly 
with  the  other  ingredients,  and  pass  the  mixture  through  a 
fine  sieve.  Instead  of  musk,  any  other  perfume  may  be 
employed  if  desired.  See  also  formulas  for  "Arm  Pit  Deodorizer"" 
and   "Paste,"   printed   in   the   "Selected   Formulas"    departraeat. 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


271 


WOMEM  m  FHAEMACY 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 

VII.   The  Woman  Pharmacist's  Future.       Topeka  Sisters  Who  Own  a  Pharmacy. 


INSTITUTIONAL  AND  RETAIL  SPECIALIZATION. 


THE  trend  of  the  times  is  toward  specialization  in  all  lines, 
whether  it  'is  the  making  of  a  chair  leg  or  the  balance- 
wheel  of  a  watch.  We  no  longer  expect  a  man  and  his 
helpers  to  build  a  house.  Specialized  workers  are  called  in 
from  architect  to  final  decorators.  It  is  not  strange  then  that 
the  business  of  "ye  old  time  apothecary"  has  slowly  but  surely 
resolved  itself  into  various  well-defined  branches,  and  that 
women  entering  the  profession  may  elect  that  branch  which 
makes  an  especial  appeal  to  them. 

Institution   Work. 

There  are  features  about  regular  institutional  work  which 
are  liked  by  many  women  workers.  The  field  of  hospital 
pharmacy  is  a  very  large  one.  Every  city  of  any  size  has 
several  such  institutions  and  smaller  cities  and  towns  all  over 
the  country  boast  of  their  share  of  these  institutions  in  pro- 
portion to  their  population.  The  hours  and  tasks  are  definitely 
defined,  counter-service  is  eliminated,  and  the  professional  part 
of  the  business  is  magnified.  There  is  opportunity  for  special 
study  and  research  work,  for  becoming  more  conversant  widi 
the  needed  branches  of  this  kind  of  work,  and  for  combining 
it  with  analytical  and  bacteriological  work. 

The  drawbacks  to  some  might  be  the  routine  part  of  it  and 
the  lack  of  contact  with  the  surging,  restless  tide  of  healthful, 
active  business  life.  Yet  those  so  engaged  find  that  life  comes 
to  them  in  its  intensest  forms  and  the  very  nature  of  the 
routine  relieves  much  of  the  strain. 

There  are  other  forms  of  regular  institutions  which  employ 
pharmacists,  chemists,  etc.  The  awakening  of  the  public  con- 
science on  the  question  of  pure  foods  and  drugs  has  greatly 
enlarged  this  field.  Magazines  now  find  it  feasible  to  employ 
experts  for  the  guidance  of  their  readers.  Public  laboratories 
are  maintained  where  the  lay  individual  may  have  goods  of 
any  name  or  nature  tested  upon  payment  of  the  price ;  State 
and  National  governments  also  find  need  for  the  services  of 
conscientious  workers  to  safeguard  the  health  of  people  through 
the  products  offered  for  sale. 

Occasionally  there  is  an  urgent  call  for  an  assistant — with  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  pharmacy — who  is  also  a  stenographer. 
Pharmaceutical  publications,  large  wholesale  and  manufactur- 
ing houses  often  find  it  difficult  to  fill  this  same  need.  Col- 
leges of  medicine  and  pharmacy  are  not  few  in  number  in  our 
country,  numbering  up  in  the  hundreds,  and  many  of  these 
offer  positions  upon  the  teaching  faculty  for  those  properly 
equipped. 

Retail   Specialization. 

Not  only  are  we  directed  to  a  particular  store  for  the  filling 
of  our  needs  but  to  the  person  in  that  store  who  is  especially 
prepared  to  help  us.  The  small  drug  store  must  resolve  itself 
into  one  of  two  things,  either  an  institution  of  allied  lines 
forming  a  department  store  on  a  limited  scale,  or  a  single 
specialized  department — prescription  for  instance. 

It  will  always  remain  a  fact  that  people  will  like  to  deal 
with  those  on  the  other  side  of  the  counter  who  are  an 
authority  on  the  manufacture  and  use  of  the  articles  they  sell. 
This  is  true  whether  it  be  lace  or  perfumes;  washing  machines 
or  medicines. 

The  woman  pharmacist  who  chooses  to  make  a  hobby  of  her 
business  or  of  some  branch  of  it  can  cash  in  handsomely, 
provided  she  lets  the  public  know  she  is  an  authority  on 
perfume,  stationery,  pure  drugs,  chemically  pure  household 
supplies,  such  as  spices,  flavoring  extracts,  baking  powder, 
etc.,  etc. 

Another  part  of  the  retail  business  in  which  there  is  a 
golden  opportunity  for  the  woman  pharmacist  to  specialize  is 
its  advertising.  The  average  business  is  not  as  carefully 
advertised  as  't  should  be,  because  the  regular  workers  are  so 
busy  they  have  no  time,  and  those  who  can  be  hired  to  do  the 


THERE  is  a  drug  store  at  the  corner  of  Lake  avenue  and 
Si-xth  street,  Topeka,  Kan.,  which  is  at  once  noticeable 
for  its  neatness  and  detailed  order.  The  proprietors  of 
this  business  are  Miss  Lottie  Kelly  and  Miss  Lulu  Kelly,  two 
wide-awake  business  women  of  the  city. 

Both  received  their  education  in  the  Topeka  schools,  gradu- 
ating from  the  high  school,  then  attended  tlie  State  University 


Miss  Lottie  Kelly 


Miss  Lulu  Kelly 


of  Kansas  College  of  Pharmacy.  Miss  Lottie  Kelly  registered 
in   1903,  and  Miss  Lulu  in  1905. 

These  ladies  have  lived  in  Kansas  nearly  all  their  lives  and 
have  been  in  the  one  drug  store  for  nearly  18  years.  The 
business  formerly  belonged  to  their  father  who  died  in  1912. 
These  sisters  were  practically  raised  in  the  store,  and  are 
thoroughly  conversant  with  every  detail  of  the  business.  They 
are  the  only  two  registered  pharmacists  in  the  city  owning  and 
managing  a  store  without  the  assistance  of  a  clerk. 

They  consider  pharmacy  as  one  of  the  most  independent 
professions  a  person  can  follow,  and  often  wonder  why  more 
women  do  not  take  up  the  work,  as  there  is  such  a  demand 
for  their  services. 

"Kelly's  Pharmacy"  is  well  and  favorably  known  in  their 
locality. 

work  are  not  conversant  with  the  drug  business  and  the  timely 
needs  of  the  people. 

To  illustrate  this  point  a  certain  true  case  may  be  quoted. 
During  the  late  Winter  days  a  woman  pharmacist  who  had 
made  something  of  a  study  of  advertising  prepared  a  display 
advertisement  on  cold  creams.  In  this  she  set  forth  the  need 
of  using  both  grease  and  vanishing  cream  and  told  how  and 
why  it  produced  a  good  complexion.  She  pointed  to  the  dust 
that  would  collect  on  a  polished  mahogany  table  and  showed 
how  much  more  would  be  gathered  and  absorbed  by  the  moist, 
oily  pores  of  the  skin.  Finally,  she  advised  rubbing  a  good 
cold  cream  thoroughly  into  the  pores  after  which  the  face  and 
neck  were  to  be  wiped  off  with  a  piece  of  clean  linen,  using 
firm  strokes  with  which  to  do  it.  The  advertisement  _  was 
simple  but  convincing  and  embodied  knowledge  a  professional 
advertisement  writer  alone  would  not  have  possessed.  Result — a 
marked  increase  in  sale  of  cold  creams,  the  gaining  of  a 
number  of  entirely  new  customers,  and  a  certain  prestige 
which  dignified  knowledge  always  gives.  Besides  this  came  a 
special  communication  of  commendation  from  hundreds  of 
miles  away  in  which  permission  was  craved  to  reproduce  the 
advertisement  and  use  it  as  a  piece  of  national  publicity. 

AH  of  which  merely  goes  to  show  that  there  is  a  great  field 
for  intelligent  work  when  so  small  an  effort  produced  such 
marked  results. 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


Specialization  vs.  Indifference. 

It  U  often  easier  to  drift  than  to  make  for  port,  easier  to 
follow  the  line  of  least  resistance  than  to  exercise  true  initia- 
tive— for  awhile.  In  the  end  tlie  effort  that  has  placed  one 
in  the  rrnks  of  a  leader  is  forgotten  in  the  greater  enjoyment 
and  virofils  g-ained. 

The  people  who  succeed  are  those  who: 

First — They  think  out  a  logical  course  of  business  action. 

Second — Having  planned  a  strong,  constructive  frame-work, 
calculated  to  withstand  the  strain  of  competition  and  the 
storms  of  changing  conditions,  they  proceed  witli  quiet  de- 
termination to  fill  in  the  walls  and  put  on  Uie  roof. 

Third — -These  far-sighted  individuals  plan  to  do  it,  just  a 
little  in  advance  of  the  crowd  who  are  headed  the  same  way. 

This  means  a  successful  present  and  future  for  the  man 
and  woman  pharmacist,  too,  and  a  wealth  of  solid  satisfaction 
in  the  bargain. 


A  Daughter  of  Old  Kentucky. 


Miss  Mabel   "\'.  Bentlev.  of  Dresden,  Ont. 


AMONG  the  Canadian  girls  who  are  making  a  marked 
success  of  the  profession  of  pharmacy  is  Miss  Mabel  V. 
Bcntley,  of  Dresden,  Ont.  lliss  Bentlev  has  long  made 
her  home  in  the  charming  town  of  Dresden,  where  she  attended 
both  public  and  continuation  schools.  Following  the  comple- 
tion of  her  academic  school 
education  she  served  an  ap- 
prenticeship of  five  busy  years 
with  W.  H.  Switzer,  of  Dres- 
den, who  has  been  in  business 
for  nearly  40  years,  and  who 
is  recognized  as  one  of  the 
best  in  the  profession  of 
pharmacy. 

Miss  Bentley  followed  her 
practical  store  and  laboratory 
experience  by  taking  a  course 
at  the  Ontario  College  of 
Pharmacy  in  Toronto.  De- 
siring to  obtain  a  more  varied 
experience,  this  ambitious 
young  lady  accepted  a  respon- 
sible position  with  J.  S. 
.\rmitage,  of  Paris,  Ont., 
while  he  was  abroad  with  the 
M.\BEL   V.  Bentley  famous  Canadian  bowlers  for 

the  Summer. 
But  the  old  ties  called,  and  Miss  Bentley  returned  to  Mr. 
Switzers  store  and  took  charge  while  he  spent   some  time   in 
travel.     She   is  now  considering  an  engagement   in  the  city  of 
Detroit.  Mich. 

That  there  is  a  field  in  Canadian  pharmacy  for  young  women 
is  being  constantly  proved  by  the  success  of  those  already 
engaged  in  the  work,  and  the  Canadian  public  knows  that 
when  a  young  woman  has  elected  to  make  this  her  life  work, 
she  is  to  be  trusted  to  make  a  success  of  it.  Miss  Bentley  has 
the  confidence  of  her  public  because  she  has  merited  it.  She 
believes  the  work  to  be  peculiarly  suited  to  young  women  who 
are  exact,  studious  and  painstaking. 

It  is  interesting  to  remark  in  passing  that  Dresden  is  noted 
as  being  the  home  in  later  years  and  also  the  burying-place 
of  "Uncle  Tom,"  Harriet  Beecher  Stowe's  famous  hero. 


'MAY  DAY  BREAKFAST"  IN  CHICAGO. 


MISS  CL.\R.\  HULSK.\MP,  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  is  a 
Southern  professional  woman  who  has  made  an  enviable 
phu'o  for  herself  in  pharmaceutical  ninks.  She  attended 
the  Louisville  College  of  Pharmacy  in  1908-1910,  passed  the 
State  Board  examination  in   1909,  and  graduated   in   1910. 

Her  college  course  was 
marked  by  earnestness  of  pur- 
pose, and  that  Miss  Huls- 
kamp's  popularity  was  in  no 
wise  affected  by  her  studi- 
ousness  is  proven  by  the  fact 
that  she  was  unanimously 
chosen  secretary  of  her  class. 
Since  graduating.  Miss  Huls- 
kamp  has  been  associated 
with  her  brothers  under  the 
firm  name  of  Hulskamp  Bros., 
Sixth   and    Kentucky   streets. 

In  October,  1910,  this 
young  lady,  who  is  a  firm 
believer  in  the  power  of  or- 
ganization, became  a  member 
of  the  Louisville  Chapter  of 
the  W.O.N.A.R.D.  In  1911 
she  served   it   as  secretary,   in 

1912  as  treasurer,  and  in  1913  Miss    Huxskamp 

as  chairman  of  the  entertain- 
ment committee.     Her  success  in  these  fields  is  too  well  known 
to   need    comment,    last    Winter's    entertainments    in    Louisville 
having  been  particularly  brilliant. 

Miss  Hulskamp  is  deeply  interested  in  all  that  pertains  to- 
the  elevation  of  her  chosen  profession,  and  is  especially  pleased 
when  the  women  who,  like  herself,  have  chosen  to  follow  it, 
prove  themselves  equal  to  the  tasks  which  they  meet.  She 
believes  that  women  who  are  equipped  by  special  education 
and  who  have  a  liking  for  the  work  are  bound  to  succeed, 
both  because  of  feminine  adaptability  and  of  the  native  pre- 
cision and  thoroughness  which  are  theirs. 


Experiences  of  women  in  professional  life  were  informally 
discussed  by  speakers  at  a  May  breakfast  of  the  Woman's  Club 
of  the  .-Mlied  Drug  Trade  of  Chicago  in  the  Hotel  Sherman 
followed  by  a  matinee  party.  Miss  Florence  King  and  Miss 
Kitty  Gordon  were  guests  of  honor,  the  former  responding  to 
the  "Woman  of  the  Bar"  and  the  latter  to  "Woman  of  the 
Stage."  Mrs.  William  P.  Todd  sang  a  group  of  songs,  accom- 
panied by  Mrs.  J.  Rawson  Pennington.  Mrs.  E.  G.  Earle, 
i  chairman  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  club,  was  in 
charge  of  the  party,  assisted  by  Mrs.  A.  W.  Schroeder,  Mrs. 
P.  J.  Miniter.  Jlrs.  R.  H.  Hanke,  Mrs.  Fred  C.  Starr,  Mrs. 
C.  E.  Douglas  and  Mrs.  George  Moyen. 


FLOWERS  AND   CUT   GLASS  TO  PRESIDENT. 


The  fourth  annua!  reception  of  the  Chicago  Chapter,  No.  2, 
W.O.N.A.R.D.,  was  held  at  the  Hotel  LaSalle,  Chicago,  in 
.April.  The  guests  of  honor  were  Mesdames  John  C.  Bley, 
Frank  B.  Hathaway,  John  F  Smulski  and  E.  G.  Reauber  and 
Miss  .Anna  E.  Nicholes.  .Among  the  numbers  on  the  programme 
were  a  group  of  songs  by  Miss  Harriet  M.  .Smulski,  with 
Miss  Hazel  WTieeler  at  the  piano;  readings  by  Mrs.  C.  Hough- 
ton White;  violin  solos  by  Sigrid  Jansen-Hathaway  and  danc- 
ing by  Miss  Rose  Cox  and  Robert  Lewis.  Mrs.  B.  A.  C. 
Hoelzer,  president  of  the  organization,  received  the  members, 
and  Mrs.   C.  D.   Collins  had  charge  of  the  programme. 


AN   "AFTERNOON    'WITH    VERDI." 


"An  .Afternoon  With  \'erdi"  was  the  programme  presented 
at  the  luncheon  of  the  Chic:" go  Woman's  Club  of  the  Allied 
Drug  Trade  in  the  Hotel  Sherman  in  .\pril.  Mrs.  Louise 
Didier  was  in  charge  of  the  programme,  which  included  a 
lecture  on  "Verdi"  by  Mrs.  !SIae  .Amerson  Zimmerson  and 
\'erdi  solos  and  choral  numbers  by  the  Misses  .^daline  Hogen- 
son,  Emelia  Ott,  iNIarion  Rice,  Feme  Gildersleeve,  Marion 
Cole,  Florence  Lichty,  Hazel  Arbogast,  Faye  Leese. 


"WILMINGTON    CHAPTER,    "W.O.N.A.R.D. 


The  annual  meeting  of  Wilmington,  Del.,  Chapter,  W.O.N. 
A.R.D.,  resulted  in  the  election  of  the  following  officers: 

Miss  Nora  Brendle,  president;  Mrs.  Robert  Dougherty,  1st 
vice-president ;  Mrs.  Oscar  Draper,  2d  vice-president ;  Mrs. 
Frederick  Gradwohl,  3d  vice-president;  Mrs.  B.  R.  McCaulley, 
corresponding  secretary;  Mrs.  Willard  E.  Smith,  recording 
secretary;  Mrs.  Norman  Downs,  treasurer,  and  Mrs.  Walter 
Morgan,  director  of  publicity. 


^M*w/iy»JAvm}X!iAWi\^iimiiWmimim^ 


Drug  Men  You  Have  Met 


Professor  Beal  Withdraws  as  Editor. 


PROFESSOR  J.  H.  BEAL,  who  has  served  as  general 
secretary  of  tlie  A. Ph. A.  since  the  Boston  meeting  in 
1911,  and  as  editor  of  the  Journal  since  its  establish- 
ment in  January.  1912,  has  resigned,  his  letter  to  the  Council 
of  that  organization  asking  that  he  be  immediately  relieved  so 

that  he  can  retire  from  the 
work  of  the  offices  named  at 
an  early  date.  During  the 
past  year  the  condition  of  his 
health  has  been  so  serious 
that  a  few  days  of  unusual 
mental  or  physical  stress  have 
brought  on  annoying  and 
alarming  symptoms.  For  this 
reason,  and  acting  on  the 
advice  of  his  physician,  he 
has  asked  the  Council  to  re- 
lieve him.  He  feels  that  he 
should  live  out  of  doors  dur- 
ing the  Summer  so  that  he 
can  take  such  exercise  as  will 
enable  him  to  put  himself  in 
shape  for  another  Winter,  and 
he  informs  the  Council  that 
he  never  expects  to  be  in 
condition  to  again  take  up  any 
work  which  will  confine  him 
to   an   inflexible  schedule   of  duties. 

For  many  years  Prof.  Beal  has  been  one  of  the  most  active 
men  in  pharmacy  in  the  United  States.  He  joined  the  .\.Ph..A. 
in  1892,  and  was  elected  to  the  presidency  at  the  meeting  held 
in  Kansas  City  in  1904.  .As  a  debater  in  the  various  contests 
that  have  been  waged  in  the  association,  he  has  had  but  few- 
equals,  and  in  matters  of  legislation,  his  advice  has  been  most 
eagerly  sought,  his  training  as  a  lawyer  having  particularly 
equipped  him  for  this  kind  of  work.  As  an  educator,  author 
and  all-around  pharmacist  he  has  also  gained  a  well-earned 
reputation,  and  his  retirement  from  active  life  is  a  cause  for 
much  concern  on  the  part  of  those  with  whom  he  has  labored 
so  intimately  for  years.  He  recommended  the  selection  of 
Ernest  C.  Marshall  as  acting  editor  and  general  secretary  to 
fill  his  place  until  the  Detroit  meeting,  which  arrangement  he 
believes  will  give  the  Committee  on  Publication  of  the  Asso- 
ciation plenty  of  time  to  settle  upon  some  one  for  the  per- 
manent  position   as   his  successor. 


James  H.  Be.vl 


Ephraim  Bacon  Again  Honored. 


EPHRAIM  bacon,  of  Baltimore,  has  been  appointed  for 
another  term  of  five  years  on  the  Maryland  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  the  first  term  having  expired  May  1.  The 
appointment  came  as  something  of  a  surprise  to  druggists 
throughout  the  State  for  the  reason  that  under  the  law  only 
two  of  the  members  of  the  board  may  be  from  Baltimore  City, 
and  three  from  the  counties.  \\'hen  Mr.  Bacon  was  named  the 
first  time  he  managed  the  pharmacy  of  Dr.   Truitt   in  Roland 


Park,  w'hich  is  in  Baltimore  county,  and  he  thus  came  under 
the  designation  of  a  county  man.  After  that,  however,  he 
bought  the  store  at  oOth  and  Calvert  streets,  and  he  has 
been  looked  upon  since  then  as  a  city  man.  At  the  present 
time  two  other  Baltimoreans  are  members  of  the  board,  they 
being  David  R.  Millard,  of  Morgan  &  Millard,  and  J.  Fuller 
Frames,  of  J.  P.  Frames  &  Son.  The  status  of  Mr.  Millard, 
however,  is  almost  as  uncertain  as  that  of  Jlr,  Bacon,  because, 
while  he  conducts  one  pharmacy  in  Baltimore,  his  firm  owns 
another  in  Roland  Park,  and  he  himself  lives  in  Mount  Wash- 
ington, Baltimore  county.  Evidently,  the  Governor  took  the 
view  that  iSlr.  Millard  is  not  to  be  designated  as  a  city  member. 
Mr.  Bacon  is  a  graduate  of  the  Maryland  College  of  Phar- 
macy, and  has  been  identified  with  the  drug  trade  in  Balti- 
more ever  since  his  graduation.  He  has  been  secretary  of 
the  board  for  a  number  of  years  and  enjoys  a  great  measure  of 
popularity  among  his  colleagues. 


Fifty  Years  a  Pharmacist. 


H.    SCHELENZ 


DURING  the  Easter  season  Hermann  Schelenz,  of  Cassel, 
Germany,  a  pharmacist  of  international  reputation,  and 
the  author  of  the  renowned  "History  of  Pharmacy,"  put 
behind  him  the  50th  milestone  of  his  professional  life.  Born 
April  9,  184S,  at  Kempen  in  Posen,  he  began  his  apprentice- 
ship at  the  age  of  16,  in  a  shop  in 
Freiburg,  Silesia.  His  studies  were 
later  carried  on  in  Berlin  and  Greifs- 
wald,  where  he  passed  the  State  e.x- 
amination  in  1873.  Two  years  later  he 
came  into  possession  of  the  AltStadter 
apothecary  at  Rendsburg,  Schleswig- 
Holstein.  Here  he  put  into  effect  his 
broad  ideas  of  the  proper  activities  of 
a  pharmacy,  serving  not  only  to  sell  and 
dispense  drugs,  but  also  to  manufacture 
pharmaceutical  preparations.  The  labo- 
ratory became  one  of  the  most  import- 
ant branches  of  the  business,  so  that 
affairs  were  conducted  in  partial  inde- 
pendence of  the  large  industries.  The 
apprentices  who  came  under  Schelenz's 
instruction  went  forth  fully  equipped  with  both  practical  and 
theoretical  knowledge.  Every  spare  moment  was  devoted  to 
literary  labors.  In  1893  he  sold  his  pharmacy,  and  moved  to 
Cassel  two  years  later,  since  which  time  he  has  been  able  to 
give  himself  up  entirely  to  his  favorite  pursuit,  literary  work. 
In  the  period  of  new  activity  which  now  began,  there  have 
appeared,  in  addition  to  many  monographs,  his  "Cosmetics" 
(1894),  "Pharmacognostic  Chart"  (1876  and  1899),  and 
"Women   in   the   Realm   of   Aesculapius"    (1900). 

The  monumental  "History  of  Pharmacy,"  appearing  in  1904, 
a  work  of  nearly  1000  pages,  was  the  result  of  10  years  of 
research  among  original  sources.  But  his  pen  was  not  idle 
even  after  this  effort,  for  in  1911  he  published  a  "History  of 
Pharmaceutical-Chemical  Distilling  Apparatus,"  followed  shortly 
after  by  the  first  volume  of  a  large  work  on  Shakespeare  and 
his  knowledge  of  popular  medicine. 

Recogniton  of  Schelenz's  activity  has  not  been  lacking. 
He  is  an  honorary  member  of  the  .A.Ph..A.,  corresponding  mem- 
ber of  the  .Austrian  Pharmaceutical  Society,  and  the  Society  of 
Pharmacy  of  Antwerp,  as  well  as  an  honorary  member  of  the 
Pharmaceutical  .Association  of  Liittich,  and  a  charter  member 
of  the   Society  of  the  History  of  Pharmacy,   in  Paris.     For  a 


274 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[June,  1914 


long  time  he  was  district  chairman  for  Schlcswig-Holstcin  in 
the  Deutscher  Apotheker-Verein. 


Mostly  Personal 


— -WUlie"  Sells,  pardoned  by  the  Governor  of  Kansas 
seven  years  ago  from  a  life  sentence  at  Lansing  penitentiary, 
has  "come  back."  There  are  many  ways  of  "beating  back," 
and  just  now  "Al"  Jennings,  one  of  the  most  dreaded  bandits 
in  the  West  in  his  day,  has  been  making  speeches  and  writing 
books,  and  running  for  governor  of  Oklahoma.  When  "Willie" 
Sells  walked  out  of  the  gates  of  Lansing  penitentiary  seven 
years  ago  he  did  not  have  a  dollar— today  he  is  the  proprietor 
of  a  big  drug  store  at  13th  street  and  Garfield  avenue,  Kansas 
City,  Kan.  He  has  been  there  three  years,  and  made  his  entry 
as  a  clerk.  In  IS  months  he  wanted  to  buy  the  place — he  had 
worked  and  saved  every  day  of  the  seven  years  from  the  date 
of  his  discharge.  Sells  is  44  years  old,  but  does  not  look  it. 
When  he  was  about  17  his  mother,  father,  brother  and  sister 
were  found  dead— murdered— and  "Willie"  Sells  was  convicted 
of  the  murder  on  circumstantial  evidence  only.  The  outside 
world  almost  to  a  man  never  thought  him  guilty,  and  his 
pardon  by  Gov.  Hoch  was  generally  approved.  "I  met  people 
after  my  discharge  who  looked  at  me  as  much  as  to  say: 
'There  goes  a  convict,"  but  when  I  met  that  kind  of  a  person 
I  held  my  head  high  and  looked  every  man  straight  in  the  eye. 
You  bet  it's  a  tough  job,  this  'beating  back'  business,  and  the 
only  way  to  do  it  is  to  work,  be  honest  and  show  the  world 
the  kind  of  stuff  you're  made  of."  Today  "beating  back"  is 
not  hard  for  "Willie"  Sells.  He  does  not  try  to  hide  his  past. 
Everybody  knows  it,  yet  believes  in  him.  He  is  no  longer 
struggling  "Willie"  Sells,  but  "W.  B.  Sells,  Druggist,"  now. 

.  —  J-  S.  Abbott,  formerly  the  Dairy  and  Food  Commis- 
sioner of  Texas,  and  now  the  head  of  the  new  Federal  de- 
partment under  the  Department  of  Agriculture  which  is  vir- 
tually a  clearing-house  to  bring  Federal  and  State  food  and 
drug  officials  into  closer  co-operation,  is  a  man  who  has  made 
a  record.  He  is  a  native  of  Mississippi,  where  he  was  born 
in  1875,  a  graduate  from  Buena  Vista  College  (Miss.)  with 
the  degree  of  B.S.  (1901),  and  from  the  University  of  Chicago 
m  1907  with  the  degree  A.B.  For  si.\  years  he  was  superin- 
tendent of  schools  at  San  Angelo,  Te.xas,  and  then  instructor 
in  Chemistry  at  the  Dallas  (Texas)  high  school,  a  position 
he  held  at  the  time  of  appointment  as  Dairy  and  Food  Com- 
nfissioner  of  Texas  by  Gov.  Campbell.  This  was  in  1907. 
In  1909  he  was  appointed  by  Gov.  Colquitt.  His  work  in 
Texas  was  of  such  a  nature  that  he  became  a  National  figure, 
his  decisions  being  often  quoted,  and  his  promotion  at  the 
time  of  the  reorganization  of  the  National  food  and  drug 
inspection  department,  was  the  natural  result  of  his  labors 
in  the  Texas  field. 

—  Henry  O.  A.  Huegel,  former  president  of  the  St.  Louis 
R.D.A.  and  former  president  of  the  Missouri  Ph. A.,  who 
recently  sold  his  drug  store  at  the  northeast  corner  of  Grand 
and  Park  avenues  to  A.  H.  Schulte,  said  to  a  correspondent  for 
The  Ph.\rmaceuticax  Era  that  his  experience  in  the  retail 
drug  business  had  taught  him  that  "you  can't  lay  dow^n  a  set 
of  rules  for  running  a  drug  store  without  providing  a  number 
of  exceptions  or  \-ariations  for  every  rule."  A  set  of  rules,  he 
said,  which  would  bring  success  to  one  druggist,  probably 
would  not  bring  success  to  another  druggist.  "A  man,"  he 
Said,  "might  run  a  drug  store  in  one  location  in  a  certain  way 
and  win,  and  if  he  should  attempt  to  run  a  store  in  another 
location  in  the  same  way  he  might  fail.  A  druggist  must 
meet  the  conditions  of  his  neighborhood.  He  can't  lay  down 
the  rules  beforehand;  he  must  feel  his  way  and  make  each 
advance  a'ter  careful  study."  Mr.  Huegel's  idea  is  to  pursue 
the  "watchful  waiting"  policy  and  when  you  see  the  mouse — 
spring ! 

—  Jerry  J.  Murphy,  acting-president  of  the  Missouri 
Pharmaceutical  Travelers'  Association,  and  a  well-known 
manufacturers'  agent  in  St.  Louis,  is  a  busy  man  just  now 
preparing  for  the  annual  convention  of  the  Mo. Ph. A.  and 
of  the  Travelers  at  Pertle  Springs,  beginning  June  16-19.  He 
has  also  been  busy  explaining  why  h-'s  face  appeared  in  a 
personal  item  in  the  Era  for  May  in  connection  with  a  story 
in  regard  to  a  Bostonian,  a  happening  over  which  Mr.  Murphy 


had  no  control  as  that  was  due  to  a  mix-up  in  cuts  in  this 
office.  Mr.  Murphy  in  propria  persona  will  be  at  Pertle 
Springs  with  his  customary  "glad  hand"  for  friends,  and  the 
head  of  the  Travelers  promises  sometliing  interesting  in  the 
way  of  entertainment  for  tlie  hundreds  of  delegates  who  promise 
to  attend  the  Missouri  conventions  who  are  "all  dressed  up 
but  with  some  place  to  go." 

—  Dr.  Ira  Remsen,  former  president  of  Johns  Hopkins 
University,  has  been  awarded  the  Willard  Gibbs  medal,  an  award 
of  honor  in  the  chemical  profession.  The  presentation  took 
place  May  15  under  the  auspices  of  the  Chicago  section  of 
the  .American  Chemical  Society.  This  is  the  fourth  time  the 
medal  has  been  awarded,  and  Dr.  Remsen  is  the  third  Ameri- 
can chemist  to  have  received  the  honor.  The  Willard  Gibbs 
nedal  was  founded  five  years  ago  by  William  A.  Converse, 
who  for  the  last  12  years  has  been  closely  associated  with  the 
Chicago  chapter  of  the  American  Chemical  Society.  The  re- 
cipient of  the  medal  is  chosen  by  a  jury  of  12  chemists,  six 
of  whom  live  in  the  Chicago  district.  Professor  Noyes,  of  the 
University  of  Illinois  and  editor  of  the  Journal  of  the  Ameri- 
can Chemical  Society,  presented  the  medal. 

— •  W.  H.  Kirn,  well-known  to  the  drug  trade  as  chief  of 
Parke,  Davis  &  Co.'s  private  formula  department,  sailed  for 
Naples  in  April,  on  the  Cunarder  Saxonia. '  He  is  accompanied 
by  Mrs.  Kirn,  by  his  daughter  Margaret,  and  by  William 
Kirn,  Jr.,  who  begins  his  career  as  globe-trotter  at  the  mature 
age  of  five.  After  a  motor  trip  in  Sicily,  Mr.  Kirn  and  his 
party  go  to  Rome,  Florence,  Venice,  Vienna,  and  Buda-Pest; 
thence  to  Switzerland  for  a  month ;  later  to  Germany,  France 
and  England,  returning  to  the  United  States  some  time  in 
October.  Mr.  Kirn  expects  to  see  a  good  deal  of  England  and 
Scotland  from  an  automobile.  Just  before  he  left  Detroit  his 
numerous  friends  in  the  big  pharmaceutical  plant,  where  Mr. 
Kim  has  been  employed  for  nearly  25  years,  presented  him 
with  a  beautiful  gold  watch  and  chain. 

—  Paul  Henry  Boire,  the  new  member  of  the  New  Hamp- 
shire State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  has  been  a  resident  of  that 
State  since  1885,  when  he  settled  in  Manchester  and  opened  a 
store  there  in  association  with  Ex-Mayor  Ed.  C.  Smith.  To- 
gether they  purchased  the  business  of  the  late  John  B.  Hall, 
which  had  been  established  for  more  than  60  years,  and  had 
been  conducted  by  Mr.  Hall  for  about  35  years.  Until  May, 
1913,  Messrs.  Boire  and  Smith  operated  the  store,  but  at  that 
time  tlie  latter  sold  out  his  interests.  Mr.  Boire  is  a  native  of 
Canada,  and  learned  the  drug  business  in  the  Dominion.  He  is 
an  Elk,  the  president  of  the  exclusive  Joliet  Club  of  Manches- 
ter, and  is  also  a  member  of  the  Manchester  and  Intervale 
Country  clubs.     He  is  married  and  has  two  sons. 

—  E.  G.  Swift,  genera!  manager  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co., 
is  expected  home  on  June  15  from  his  long  trip  around  the 
world,  after  an  absence  of  nearly  nine  months.  His  itinerary 
embraced  England,  France,  Egypt,  India,  Ceylon,  Java,  China, 
Australia,  the  Philippines,  Japan  and  the  Hawaiian  Islands. 
Mr.  Swift's  companions  on  his  long  journey  were  Mrs.  Swift 
and  his  youngest  son,  Leroy.  Since  their  departure  from 
China,  Dr.  Selby  S.  Coleman,  manager  of  the  East  Indian 
branch  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  at  Bombay,  has  been  a  member 
of  the  party.  Dr.  Coleman  returns  for  a  thorough  posting,  a 
well-earned  vacation,  and  the  privilege  of  making  the  acquaint- 
ance of  his  infant  daughter,  who  was  born  in  Louisville  four 
months  ago. 

—  F.  J.  Simon,  manager  of  Cusachs  drug  store.  New 
Oileans,  and  a  member  of  the  Louisiana  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy, has  sent  in  his  resignation  as  a  member  of  the  board, 
because  of  the  press  of  other  duties.  He  is  highly  qualified 
as  a  chemist  and  his  services  were  deeply  appreciated  by  his 
associates  of  that  body.  Mr.  Simon  has  taken  an  active  part 
in  public  affairs;  he  has  been  a  lecturer  at  Tulane  University, 
and  last  year  declined  an  important  lectureship  at  Auburn 
University,  Ga.  The  82-year-old  Cusachs  drug  store,  for  41 
years  at  Canal  and  Baronne,  came  under  the  management  of 
Mr.  Simon  on  Dec.  6,  1910,  For  the  past  eight  years  the  store 
has  occupied  its  own  building  at   Canal   and  Baronne. 

—  E.  B.  Heimstreet,  superintendent  of  the  Druggists' 
National  Home  at  Palmyra,  Wis.,  has  renewed  a  five-year  lease 
on  the  drug  store  he  operates  in  that  town.  He  w.is  formerly 
a  druggist  in  Janesville,  where  his  store  was  recognized  as  one 
of  the  best  in  Wisconsin.  Mr.  Heimstreet  is  known  all  through 
the  middle  West  as  one  of  the  most  progressive  pharmacists  in 


Jux\E,  1914J 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


275 


that  section  of  the  country;  he  served  as  a  member  of  the 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy  from  1S82  to  1901 ;  and  served  for 
many  years  as  the  Secretary  of  the  Wisconsin  Ph. A. — from 
1S80  to  1899 — and  ahhough  withdrawing  temporarily,  was 
again  elected  secretary,  a  position  he  is  still  holding  with 
honor. 

—  Mrs.  Lois  Peirce  Hughes,  widow  of  the  late  W.  J. 
Hughes,  who  was  well-known  in  Omaha,  Neb.,  as  a  druggist 
at  24th  and  Farnam  streets,  is  the  first  "hotel  hostess"  in  this 
country.  She  is  in  charge  of  the  "women's  floor"  of  the  Hotel 
McAIpine  in  this  city.  She  keeps  posted  a  bulletin  of  all 
club  events  of  interest,  issues  credentials  of  the  New  York 
Women's  Club  to  such  visitors  as  are  eligible,  and  provides 
guides  and  escorts  for  such  guests  as  desire  them.  She  is  a 
consistent  club  woman  herself,  and  has  succeeded  in  introducing 
something  new  in  hotel  life. 

—  H.  H.  Kopp,  druggist,  of  906  Grape  street,  Syracuse, 
while  placing  a  display  bottle  in  his  show  window,  was  se- 
riously burned  through  seizing  a  live  electric  wire.  Fifty 
people  saw  him  writhing  in  the  window,  but  no  one  dared  help 
him  until  a  relative,  Shepard  Kopp,  grasped  his  coat  and 
pulled  the  wire  from  the  ceiling  connection.  Mr.  Kopp  was 
having  the  store  remodelled  and  went  to  work  with  the  under- 
standing that  the  electricity  had  been  shut  off.  Outside  of  the 
burns  about  the  hands  and  the  shock  he  was  no  worse  for  the 
experience. 

. —  Fritz  Lueder,  for  40  consecutive  years  in  the  drtig  busi- 
ness in  Peoria,  111.,  and  for  30  years  of  that  time  at  the  head 
of  a  store  in  South  Adams  street,  has  sold  out.  .  Only  a  few 
months  ago  the  business  was  moved  to  the  corner  of  Madison 
and  Liberty  streets.  It  was  sold  to  F.  A.  Buchholz  who, 
assisted  by  his  brother,  will  conduct  it.  Mr.  Lueder  may  re- 
enter the  business,  but  the  Peoria  Herald-Transcript  remarks 
"that  anyone  who  has  followed  the  drug  business  for  40  years 
has  really  put  in  80  years'  time  and  is  entitled  to  retire." 

—  Jonathan  Dawson,  of  Rochester,  Ind.,  on  April  14,  in 
honor  of  the  77th  year  of  his  residence  in  Fulton  county,  and 
on  the  60th  anniversary  of  his  residence  in  that  city,  presented 
to  Rochester  five  acres  of  land  within  the  corporation  limits 
for  park  purposes.  Mr.  Dawson  retired  recently  after  having 
been  38  years  in  the  retail  drug  business.  He  is  now  afflicted 
with  cataract  of  both  eyes,  and  is  nearly  blind.  He  is  the 
father  of  Geo.  V.  Dawson,  druggist,  Rochester,  Ind.;  and  Dr. 
Byron  F.  Dawson,  druggist.  Corning,  Cal. 

—  A.  H.  Schulte,  druggist,  for  25  years  at  the  corner  of 
Jefferson  and  Clark  avenues,  St.  Louis,  has  bought  the  Henrj' 
O.  A.  Huegel  drug  store  at  Park  and  Grand  avenues.  His 
son,  A.  C.  Schulte,  will  be  in  charge  of  Store  No.  2.  When 
new  fixtures  are  ready,  Schulte  will  move  the  store  across  the 
street  to  a  new  building  now  occupied  by  a  number  of  phy- 
sicians. Mr.  Huegel  said  after  the  sale  that  he  expected  soon 
to  become  actively  engaged  in  the  drug  business,  but  whether 
in  a  retail  way  he   did  not  know. 

—  Mrs.  Mary  I.  Banks,  of  Philadelphia,  has  presented  a 
fund  of  $5000  to  establish  the  Clayton  French  Research  Fel- 
lowship at  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy.  The  fellow- 
ship is  in  honor  of  her  father,  the  late  Clayton  French,  one  of 
the  founders  of  the  former  wholesale  drug  firm  of  French, 
Richards  &  Co.,  which  later  became  the  Smith,  Kline  &  French 
Co.  He  was  also  one  of  the  charter  members  of  the  Phila- 
delphia Drug  Exchange  and  was  closely  identified  with  its 
work  for  years. 

—  Mrs.  B.  A.  C.  Hoelzer,  retiring  president  of  Chicago 
Chapter,  No.  2,  W.O.N. A.R.D.,  was  presented  with  a  large 
cut-glass  vase  filled  with  American  Beauty  roses  at  the  final 
meeting  of  that  organization  for  1913-1914  at  the  Hotel  La- 
Salle,  May  12.  The  presentation  address  was  made  by  Mrs. 
C.  A.  Storer.  Mrs.  C.  D.  Collins,  president,  and  the  other 
officers  for  1914-1915  were  installed.  The  first  meeting  for  the 
Fall  and  Winter  season  will  be  held  at  the  Hotel  LaSalle  in 
September. 

—  J.  A.  Ziegler,  a  nephew  of  Dean  W.  H.  Ziegler,  of  the 
department  of  pharmacy.  Medical  College  of  South  Carolina, 
has  become  the  manager  of  Thomas's  drug  store,  Columbia, 
that  State.  He  holds  registration  certificates  from  the  ex- 
amining boards  of  both  the  Carolinas,  and  has  had  years  of 
experience  in  the  management  of  up-to-date  drug  stores.  The 
Thomas  store  is  owned  by  a  company  of  which  O.  E.  Thomas 
is  president  and  H.  B.  Thomas  secretary. 


—  E.  B.  Patton,  well-known  druggist  of  Waupun,  Wis., 
recently  celebrated  his  31st  business  anniversary  by  opening  his 
remodelled  store  to  the  trade.  A  general  reception  was  held 
and  the  hundreds  of  visitors  to  the  store  were  entertained  by 
an  orchestra  and  were  presented  with  candy  and  souvenirs. 
The  capacity  of  the  store  has  been  increased  by  the  erection 
of  balconies  on  each  side,  while  a  new  mezzanine  floor  has 
been  built,  new  oak  woodwork,  new  fixtures  and  a  new  beamed 
ceiling  have  been  installed. 

—  Harry  B.  Phelps,  for  4^/2  years  chief  of  the  private 
formula  department  of  the  Baltimore  branch  of  Parke,  Davis 
&  Co.,  has  been  transferred  permanently  to  Detroit,  where  he 
took  charge  of  the  department  of  druggists'  promotion.  Like 
the  great  majority  of  the  men  doing  the  responsible  work  in 
Parke,  Davis  &  Co.'s  business,  Mr.  Phelps  started  at  the 
bottom,  and  is  working  his  way  up  steadily  by  dint  of  hard 
work,  close  study  of  the  business,  and  native  ability. 

—  Nathaniel  J.  Rust,  of  Boston,  formerly  senior  member 
of  the  wholesale  drug  firm  of  Rust,  Richardson  &  Co.,  is  re- 
ceiving condolences  on  the  death  of  his  wife  at  their  home, 
488  Commonwealth  avenue,  Boston,  on  April  24.  She  was 
married  to  Mr.  Rust  in  1863.  Beside  her  husband  she  is 
survived  by  two  sons  and  two  daughters,  Edgar  C.  Rust,  of 
Brookline;  Nathaniel  J.  Rust,  Jr.,  of  Oregon;  Mrs.  William  W. 
Cutler,  of  Brookline,  and  Miss  Martha  Rust. 

—  E.  F.  HefEner,  of  Lock  Haven,  Pa.,  secretary  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Ph .  A.,  and  member  of  the  drug  firm  of  Hilton  & 
Heffner,  is  busier  than  ever.  His  firm  has  taken  over  the 
pharmacy  of  the  late  R.  L.  Fishburne,  which  is  located  in 
the  best  business  section  of  Lock  Haven,  and  while  overseeing 
the  new  store — which,  by  the  way,  will  be  known  as  the  Heffner 
pharmacy — Mr.  Heffner  will  continue  in  personal  charge  of 
the  Hilton  &  Heffner  pharmacy. 

—  Leon  Evans,  of  Mayfield,  Ky.,  1st  vice-president  of 
the  Kentucky  Ph. A.,  for  two  years  secretary  and  treasurer  of 
the  Kentucky  State  Rexall  Club,  and  for  six  years  secretary 
and  treasurer  of  the  Graves  County  R.D.A.,  is  one  of  the 
best-known  men  in  the  Bluegrass  State.  He  believes  in  making 
himself  known,  both  by  advertising  and  by  personal  contact, 
and  it  is  asserted  that  he  knows  every  man,  woman  and  child 
in  Graves  county. 

—  B.  J.  Kremer,  the  new  president  of  the  Wisconsin  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy,  succeeds  Otto  J.  S.  Boberg,  of  Eau  Claire, 
Wis.  Mr.  Kremer,  a  well-known  druggist  of  Fond  du  Lac, 
has  been  a  member  of  the  board  for  three  years.  Edward 
Williams,  the  Madison  druggist,  was  re-elected  secretary.  The 
next  meeting  of  the  Wisconsin  board  will  be  held  in  Madison 
July  14-17.  The  board  at  its  last  meeting  granted  certificates 
to  61   applicants. 

—  Arthur  K.  Stover,  State  Chemist  of  .Arkansas,  for  the 
past  seven  years  has  been  at  the  head  of  the  department  of 
chemistry  with  the  Medical  department  of  the  University  of 
.Arkansas.  He  devoted  two  years  to  studying  chemistry  and 
pharmacy  at  the  University  of  Kansas,  is  a  graduate  in  medi- 
cine from  Washington  University,  St.  Louis,  and  took  post- 
graduate courses  at  the  University  of  Chicago  and  at  Harvard. 

—  Winfield  Scott  Taylor,  Jr.,  has  succeeded  his  father  in 
the  drug  business  at  Perry  and  Broad  streets,  Trenton,  N.  J., 
beginning  June  1.  Mr.  Taylor,  Sr.,  retains  the  ownership  of 
the  store,  but  the  business  management  has  been  turned  over 
to  the  son  who  has  just  passed  the  State  Board  examinations. 
He  has  also  just  completed  a  special  course  in  chemistry  at  the 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy. 

Prof.    A.    L.    Metz,    of    the    department    of   chemistry, 

Tulane  University,  and  a  well-known  member  of  the  A. Ph. A., 
was  recently  presented  by  the  .American  Social  Science  Insti- 
tute with  a  medal  in  recognition  of  his  distinguished  services 
and  effort  to  advance  "science,  manufactures  and  public  wel- 
fare." The  presentation  took  place  in  the  city  hall,  New 
Orleans,  Prof.  Metz's  home  city. 

John  Kobinson,  clerk  in  a  drug  store  at  55th  street  and 

Lexington  avenue,  Manhattan,  was  covered  with  blazing  alcohol 
recently  as  the  result  of  an  explosion  and  ran  into  the  street  a 
mass  of  flames.  .\  truck  driver  jumped  from  his  feet  and 
wrapped  him  in  a  horse  blanket,  putting  out  the  fire,  but  not 
until  Robinson  was  so  badly  burned  that  he  was  removed  to 
a  hospital  in  a  serious  condition. 

Henry   Sandstrom,   63,   a  pioneer   druggist  of  Moline, 


276 


THE    PHAR.MACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


111.,  who  has  conducted  a  drug  store  at  1514  Third  avenue 
for  years,  was  stricken  with  apoplexy  soon  after  opening  his 
place  of  business  on  May  S,  and  was  removed  to  the  hospital 
ill  a  serious  condition.  He  had  been  the  local  weather  fore- 
caster for  a  number  of  years  and  was  one  of  the  pioneer 
Swedish  residents  of  Moline. 

—  A.  S.  Greaves,  a  prominent  druggist  of  Boyertown,  Pa., 
w-as  severely  burned  on  the  hip  and  leg  last  January  when  an 
ointment  he  was  preparing  caught  fire.  Portions  of  the  wound 
would  not  heal  and  it  was  decided  by  the  physician  in  charge 
of  the  case  to  resort  to  skin  grafting.  Four  of  Dr.  Greaves' 
friends  gave  up  portions  of  their  skin,  and  he  is  now  on  the 
road  to  recovery. 

—  A  little  girl  rushed  into  T.  R.  Yarrow's  drug  store, 
29th  street  and  Columbia  avenue,  Philadelphia,  recently,  and 
asked  Mr.  Yarrow  to  save  her  cat.  On  investigation  he  found 
the  cat  tangled  up  in  the  wires  at  the  top  of  a  telegraph  pole  in 
front  of  the  store,  so  he  telephoned  the  police  and  electric 
company  and  finally  returned  the  cat  to  the  little  girl's  arms, 
unharmed. 

—  Mrs.  Katherine  Husband,  wife  of  the  late  Thomas  J. 
Husband,  Jr.,  who  was  a  prominent  druggist  of  Germantown, 
Pa.,  is  fighting  to  prevent  her  husband's  relatives  from  obtain- 
ing a  share  of  his  $100,000  estate.  She  alleges  that  a  will 
produced  by  them,  giving  Joseph  Seaman,  a  nephew  of  tlie 
druggist,  the  major  part  of  the  estate,  is  a  forgery. 

—  E.  L.  Scholtz,  head  of  the  Scholtz  Drug  Go's  chain 
stores,  Denver,  Colo.,  and  his  wife,  are  sojourning  in  Cali- 
fornia for  a  time.  Mrs.  Scholtz  has  been  seriously  ill  with 
nervous  trouble  induced  by  the  high  altitude  of  Denver,  and 
a  change  in  climate  and  a  period  of  rest  at  a  lower  elevation 
were  deemed  necessary  to  regain  her  health. 

—  W.F.  Pflueger,  of  the  Milwaukee  Drug  Co.,  probably 
the  best-known  traveling  drug  salesman  in  Wisconsin,  recently 
returned  from  a  three  months'  Winter  vacation  spent  at  Biloxi, 
Miss.  Mr.  Pflueger  was  accompanied  by  Mrs.  Pflueger.  On 
the  trip  north  Mr.  Pflueger  spent  a  day  at  the  Lilly  labora- 
tories, Indianapolis. 

—  George  F.  Loar,  of  Lewistown,  III.,  a  prominent  drug- 
gist of  that  city,  was  the  victim  of  a  painful  accident  recently 
when  a  barrel  of  oil  he  was  shifting  in  his  store  cellar  fell  upon 
his  left  leg,  and  fractured  it.  The  break  was  a  serious  one, 
and  Mr.  Loar  was  confined  to  his  bed  for  a  number  of  weeks. 

—  S.  A.  Eckstein,  the  well-known  Milwaukee  druggist, 
head  of  the  Wright  Drug  Co.,  of  that  city,  vice-president  of 
the  N.A.R.D.  and  formerly  president  of  the  Wisconsin  Ph..^., 
has  been  re-elected  president  of  Post  B,  Travelers'  Protective 
^Association,  the  Milwaukee  branch  of  the  National  organization. 

— -  John  'Wagner,  druggist,  who  has  been  in  business  in 
.McLean,  III.,  for  almost  40  years,  has  sold  his  establishment 
to  Harry  G.  Walters,  of  Bloomington,  that  State.  For  the  past 
two  years  Mr.  Wagner  has  been  unable  to  conduct  his  store 
because  of  illness,  and  his  daughter  has  acted  in  his  stead. 

—  E.  Burlingame,  manager  of  the  Riker-Hegeman  stores 
in  Philadelphia,  "ran  over"  to  this  city  in  order  to  be  present 
at  the  recent  entertainment  and  ball  of  the  Brookhattan  Club, 
held  at  Terrace  Garden.  He  was  a  conspicuous  figure  visiting 
among   the   boxes,   shaking  hands   with   his  old   colleagues. 

—  W.  B.  Roberts,  60,  manager  of  Thomas'  pharmacy,  844 
South  Fifth  street,  Louisville,  was  attacked  by  an  automobile 
bandit  while  alone  in  the  store  shortly  before  10  o'clock  one 
night  recently.  He  was  beaten  over  the  head  with  a  revolver, 
and  the  cash  register  was  looted.     The  robber  escaped. 

—  Russell  Davis,  of  Hillsboro,  Ind.,  has  given  up  his 
position  with  his  brother,  S.  M.  Davis,  of  W'aynetown,  and 
has  become  the  pharmacist  at  the  Soldiers'  Home,  Marion, 
Ind.  He  is  a  this  year's  graduate  from  the  pharmacy  depart- 
ment of  Purdue   University. 

—  George  Eskridge,  for  many  years  w^ith  the  Gatton 
Drug  Co.,  Galesburg,  III.,  has  been  appointed  manager  of  the 
West  Drug  Co.  to  succeed  C.  Linderof,  resigned.  For  several 
months  Mr.  Tiskridge  has  been  operating  a  store  of  his  own 
in  East  Simmons  street. 

— -Frank  Schachleiter,  an  active  worker  in  the  .Arkansas 
Association  of  Pharmacists,  has  been  named  as  a  member  of 
the  Young  Men's  Chamber  of  Commerce,  Hot  Spr'ngs,  to 
co-operate  with  the  Business  Men's  League  for  civic  improve- 
ment of  that  city. 


--D.  M.  O'Brien,  of  Rockland,  Mass.,  has  retired  from 
active  business  after  31  ytars  as  a  druggist  on  the  "Hill."  For 
22  years  he  was  in  business  for  himself.  His  assistant,  Fred 
Delay,  who  has  been  with  the  store  since  he  was  a  lad,  is  the 
new  proprietor. 

—  Vincent  Brubaugh,  formerly  employed  at  the  Ralston 
&  Parker  drug  store  in  Martins  Ferry,  O.,  has  just  purchased 
the  business  and  stock  of  the  Woodsfield  Drug  Co.,  at  Woods- 
field,  O.  The  store  is  the  largest  of  its  character  in  Monroe 
county,  Ohio. 

—  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  J.  Lynn  have  returned  to  their 
home  in  Indianapolis  about  May  IS,  after  spending  some  time 
abroad,  visiting  England,  Russia,  Germany  and  Italy.  Mr. 
Lynn  is  vice-president  and  general  manager  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co. 

—  Frank  Nelson,  of  Lincoln,  III.,  a  graduate  of  the  phar- 
macy department  of  Loyola  University,  and  since  his  gradu- 
ation engaged  in  advanced  work  in  chemistry,  has  been  made 
the  manager  of  the  A.   J.  Riess  drug  store  in  Rock  Island. 

—  Edwin  Sumner,  prominent  druggist  of  Madison,  Wis., 
has  resigned  from  the  active  management  of  his  drug  business, 
which  he  has  conducted  continuously  for  55  years,  and  has 
been  succeeded  by  Louis  D.  Sumner,  of  Sumner  &  Cramton. 

—  Cyril  C.  Murray,  for  many  years  the  Sydney  manager 
of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.'s  business  in  .\ustralia  and  New 
Zealand,  will  visit  the  home  plant  in  Detroit  in  June.  Mr. 
Murray  comes  to  the  United  States  every  three  years. 

—  Wade  H.  McCree,  a  graduate  of  Fisk  University,  Nash- 
ville, Tenn.,  is  the  first  negro  to  open  and  manage  a  drug 
store  in  Des  Moines,  la.,  at  753  West  Ninth  street.  He  is 
24  years  of  age,  and  was  registered  in  Iowa  in  1913. 

—  J.  H.  Ferguson,  of  Griggsville,  III.,  has  sold  his  drug 
store  and  stock  to  John  Siegle,  of  Pittsfield.  Mr.  Ferguson, 
who  has  been  37  years  in  the  business,  retired  on  account  of 
failing  sight  and  because  of  the  illness  of  his  wife. 

—  W.  W.  Jackson,  better  known  to  some  of  his  friends 
as  "Water  Wagon"  Jackson,  of  Jonesboro,  Ark.,  was  married 
recently.  Mr.  Jackson  is  a  "live  vv-ire"  in  the  drug  line  and 
the   benedicts  will   welcome  him  to  their  ranks. 

—  George  L.  Baldauf,  the  Milwaukee  druggist,  has  com- 
pleted plans  for  the  erection  of  a  new  store  building  at  North 
avenue  and  3Sth  street.  It  is  said  that  the  store  will  be  one 
of  the  finest  in  the  Milwaukee  Northwest  Side. 

—  Ernest  Lee,  for  a  year  and  a  half  prescription  clerk  at 
the  Peter  Houck  pharmacy,  Gloversville,  N.  Y.,  has  become  a 
partner  in  the  Broadalbin  Drug  Co.,  Broadalbin.  He  is  a 
graduate  of  the   Albany  Medical  College. 

—  George  R.  White,  president  of  the  Potter  Drug  & 
Chemical  Co.,  and  the  largest  individual  taxpayer  in  Boston, 
has  been  named  a  trustee  of  the  statistics  department.  He 
becomes  the  chairman  of  the  department. 

—  Bernard  H.  Miller,  president  of  the  Miller  &  Arthur 
Drug  Co.,  Quincy,  III.,  has  been  confined  to  the  house  with  a 
severe  attack  of  la  grippe.  He  was  threatened  with  pneumonia, 
but  the  dangerous  symptoms  passed. 

—  Frederick  H.  Wrede,  formerly  with  Samuel  G.  McCot- 
ter  &  Co.,  and  Fred  Lange,  until  recently  with  the  late  T.  A. 
Bronson,  began  business  May  1  as  brokers  in  drugs,  chemicals, 
essential  oils,  etc.,  at  13  Gold  street. 

—  Prof.  C.  M.  McKellips,  of  the  Oregon  Agricultural 
College  School  of  Pharmacy,  will  put  in  the  Summer  months 
in  visiting  pharmaceutical  educational  institutions  in  Germany, 
France  and  Great  Britain. 

—  Ralph  Feig,  a  San  Francisco  druggist,  was  fatally  in- 
jured and  his  mother  seriously  hurt  when  an  auto  which  he 
was  driving  was  upset  at  Warm  Springs,  Cal.  Four  others  in 
the  car  were  not  injured. 

—  F.  M.  Rudd,  of  Bronson,  Mich.,  was  a  visitor  in  the 
local  drug  and  essential  oil  trade  recently.  He  said  the  plant- 
ing of  the  new  peppermint  crop  in  the  West  gave  indications 
of  an  increase  in  acreage. 

—  Aug.  F.  Glaive,  food  and  drug  inspector  of  the  Cali- 
fornia State  Board  of  Health  at  San  Francisco,  has  changed 
his  address  to  Berkeley,  care  of  the  Food  and  Drug  Laboratory, 
University  of  California. 

—  W.  A.  Caperton,  sales  manager  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co., 
motored    with    a    party    of    friends    to   Lake    Maxinkuckee    in 


Jl-ne.  1914J 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


277 


Northern   Indiana    recently   and   spent   a   few   days   fishing.     A 
fine  catch  is  reported. 

—  Walter  S.  Loring — "Loring  Your  Druggist"  of  Ply- 
mouth, Mass, — has  sold  his  store  because  of  ill-health,  to 
Thomas  F.  Ryan.  Mr.  Loring  has  a  host  of  friends  all  through 
Plymouth  county. 

—  President  J.  G.  Hibbin,  of  Princeton,  will  address  the 
graduates  in  pharmacy  of  the  Medico-Chirurgical  College  at 
the  commencement  exercises  June  5,  at  the  Academy  of  Music, 
Philadelphia. 

—  Paul  B.  Fritscbe,  the  well-known  Peoria,  111.,  druggist, 
has  opened  another  drug  store  on  the  fifth  f5oor  of  the  Central 
National  Bank  building.  He  will  specialize  in  prescriptions  at 
both  stores. 

—  W.  T.  Gilchrist,  one  of  the  best-known  druggists  in 
Waukon,  Iowa,  has  been  in  a  precarious  condition  following 
an  attack  of  appendicitis,  but  his  ultimate  recovery  is  now 
assured. 

—  M.  N".  Snyder,  a  druggist  at  20th  and  Lake  streets, 
Omaha,  for  the  past  10  years,  has  retired,  having  sold  his 
business  to  Ernest  Marsh,  formerly  city  salesman  for  the 
A.D.S. 

—  Dr.  A.  W.  Miller,  president  of  Aschenback  &  Miller, 
Inc.,  of  Philadelphia,  will  leave  for  Europe  on  the  tour  con- 
ducted under  the  auspices  of  the  New  York  German  Apothe- 
caries. 

—  Eugene  L.  Sullivan,  a  native  of  Lowell,  Mass.,  but 
for  several  years  in  the  drug  business  in  Brockton  and  Whit- 
man, has  been  married  to  Miss  Marie  A.  Brousseau,  of  Brock- 
ton. 

—  Ben  C.  Gilreatb,  owner  of  the  Gilreath  Drug  Co.,  Car- 
tersville,  Ga.,  has  been  married  to  Miss  Estelle  Strickland,  one 
of  the  handsomest  and  most  popular  girls  in  Cartersville. 

—  Henry  L.  Green,  the  Boston  and  Worcester,  Mass., 
druggist,  has  bought  a  258-acre  farm  in  Paxton,  one  of  the 
finest  pieces  of  property  in  that  section  of  the  State. 

—  Dr.  H.  C.  Wood,  Jr.,  of  Philadelphia,  a  member  of  the 
U.S. P.  committee  of  revision,  was  operated  upon  for  appen- 
dicitis recently,  and  at  last  reports  was  convalescent. 

—  Frank  Gleason,  who  has  been  the  assistant  manager  of 
the  Riker-Jaynes  drug  store  in  Haverhill,  Mass.,  has  been 
transferred  to  the  company's  store  at  Lewiston,  Me. 

—  C.  F.  Clark,  of  26  Beaver  street,  this  city,  has  been 
appointed  the  New  York  representative  of  Barclay  &  Co., 
man'.'facturing  chemists  of  Wilmington,   Del. 

—  Jay  Means,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Means  Bros. 
Drug  Co.,  Wichita,  Kan.,  has  been  married  to  Miss  Wilma 
Lytle.   of  Indianapolis. 

—  David  Strauss,  the  Newark,  N.  J.,  druggist,  has  been 
reappointed  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  by 
Governor  Fielder. 

—  Charles  Macgregor,  a  Detroit,  Minn.,  druggist,  is  a 
candidate  for  county  commissioner. 


Obituaries 


other    Becent    Deaths. 

—  Carl  D.  S.  Fruh,  a  widely-known  druggist  of  Philadel- 
phia, died  at  his  home  244S  Ridge  avenue,  on  May  13,  after  an 
illness  lasting  but  five  days.     Mr.   Fruh  w-as  in  his  66th  year. 

—  John  M.  Bryan,  65,  for  many  years  a  druggist  in  In- 
dianapolis, both  for  himself  and  with  others,  died  recently 
after  a  lingering  illness.     He  was  a  native  of  Kentucky. 

—  F.  T.  Gehrling,  a  druggist  formerly  employed  by  the 
Schramm- Johnson  Co.,  in  Salt  Lake,  Utah,  died  in  Los  Angeles 
recently  after  an  illness  of  three  years. 

—  Clarence  K.  Parks,  a  Chicago  druggist,  and  a  native 
of  Jonesboro,  111.,  and  later  in  business  at  Anna,  that  State, 
is  dead   from  acute   Bright's  disease. 

—  Nathan  C.  Warren,  druggist  of  LTpland,  Pa.,  died  re- 
cently in  the  Chester  hospital,  after  taking  an  overdose  of 
medicine  which  contained  laudanum. 

—  Charles  E.  Buch,  53,  who  had  been  in  the  drug  business 
at  1566  Columbia  avenue,  Indianapolis,  for  the  past  24  years, 
died  April  29. 

—  Ijouis  Finney,  65,  a  native  of  Plymouth,  Mass.,  and  a 
druggist  for  a  number  of  years  in  Main  street,  is  dead  at  the 
age  of  65. 

—  Paul  A.  Davis,  Jr.,  a  retired  chemical  manufacturer, 
of  Philadelphia,   died  May   7.     He  w^as  78  years  of  age. 

—  Joseph  W.  Stenger,  Jr.,  34,  for  several  years  a  drug- 
gist at   1318  Cnrson  street,  Pittsburgh,  died  May   11. 


Sydney  H.  Carragan. 


S.    H.    Carrag.\n 


SYDNEY  HANSON  CARRAGAN,  assistant  manager  of 
the  New  York  branch,  and  manager  of  the  Eastern 
traveling  service  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  and  for  more 
than  28  years  associated  with  the  Di:troit  house,  is  dead  at 
the  age  of  65.  He  was  one  of  the  best-known  and,  withal,  one 
of  the  most  popular  men  in  the  local 
drug  trade,  a  familiar  figure  at  meetings 
of  the  National  Wholesale  Druggists' 
Association,  of  the  State  Ph..\.  and  of 
other  pharmaceutical  organizations,  w-ith 
a  personality  which  made  him  a  host  of 
friends,  in  every  branch  of  the  drug 
trade  in  all  sections  of  the  country.  He 
had  been  suffering  with  liver  trouble  for 
about  two  years,  and  died  on  llay  4 
at  his  home,  782  East  17th  street, 
Brooklyn.  The  funeral  was  held  at  his 
house,  and  the  interment  was  at  Green- 
wood Cemetery. 

Sydney  H.  Carragan  was  bom  at 
what  is  now  known  as  Geyserville,  near 
Saratoga  Springs,  this  State,  in  1849. 
He  was  educated  in  Saratoga  and  later 

in  Troy,  where  he  studied  civil  engineering,  and  one  of  his 
first  occupations  was  as  civil  engineer  and  surveyor  with  the 
Map  and  Guide  Commission  which  was  appointed  to  lay  out 
the  streets  of  Bayonne,  N.  J.  Following  this  he  was  for  a 
few  months  with  the  Keasbey  &  Mattison  Co.,  but  left  their 
employ  to  join  the  Eastern  traveling  force  of  Parke,  Davis 
&  Co.  His  territory  included — at  different  times — the  New 
England  States,  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania  and 
Maryland,  and  after  some  years  of  this  work  he  was  made 
a  general  traveling  representative.  In  1894  he  was  appointed 
manager  of  the  Eastern  traveling  service,  and  in  1902  to  this 
was  added  the  assistant  manager's  position  with  the  New  York 
branch.  He  was  a  stockholder  in  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  and  was 
also  interested  in  the  Takamine  Ferment  Co. 

Mr.  Carragan's  illness  first  became  serious  in  the  Fall  of 
1912,  and  in  November  of  that  year  he  went  to  Europe  for 
treatment,  returning  to  New  York  in  May,  1913,  just  a  year 
to  a  day  before  his  death.  During  the  past  12  months  he 
had  visited  his  office  at  infrequent  intervals.  He  was  a  Mason, 
and  members  of  Manitou  Lodge,  F.  &  A.  M.;  .\mity  Chapter, 
R.A.M.;  Palestine  Chapter,  K.T.,  and  Kismet  Temple,  of  the 
Shrine,  were  present  at  the  funeral. 

Mr.  Carragan  leaves  a  widow  and  two  sons,  Lester  H.  and 
Sydney,  the  former  son  being  connected  with  the  sales  force  of 
Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  and  the  latter  with  the  law  firm  of 
Untermeyer,   Guggenheimer   &  Marshall. 


Oscar  Bydstrom. 
Oscar  Rydstrom,  for  nearly  35  years  a  resident  of  Buffalo, 
and  the  proprietor  of  a  drug  store  at 
705  Broadway,  that  city,  since  1887,  is 
dead  after  an  illness  of  18  months.  He 
was  born  in  Sweden  in  1848  and  came 
to  this  country  in  1880,  taking  up  his 
residence  in  Buffalo.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  N.A.R.D.,  the  A.D.S.  and 
the  Erie  County  Pharmaceutical  .Asso- 
ciation, and  was  also  identified  with 
the  ElHcott  Drug  Co.  He  leaves  a 
widow  and  one  brother,  who  still  re- 
sides in  Mr.  Rydstrom's  birthplace, 
Karlsham,  Sweden.  The  funeral  was 
held  April  25,  when  the  pallbearers  were 
George  Reimann,  N.  Severin,  Frank 
Haft,  A.  J.  Lockie,  Dr.  Edward  Schwahe 
and  Henry  Vogt. 


Osc-\R  Rydstrom 


Eobert  P.  Wilson. 
Robert   Patterson    Wilson,    for    more    than    a    half    century 
identified  with  the  drug  and  shellac  trade  in  New  York,  died 


278 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


at  his  home  in  Brooklyn,  April  29.  Death  was  caused  by 
general  debility,  as  he  had  been  ill  for  the  past  two  years. 
He  was  born  in  New  York  City  in  1S4S,  and  early  in  life 
entered  the  employ  of  Dix  &  Morris,  and  later  continued  with 
their  successors,  Lewis  ^lorris  &  Co.,  for  about  20  years. 
He  then  entered  the  brokerage  business,  specializing  in  shellac. 
He  retired  in  1912  because  of  ill-health. 


John  Bowers  Lee. 
John  B.  Lee,  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  New  York 
wholesale  drug  firm  of  Frastr  &  Lee,  died  the  latter  part  of 
.April  at  his  apartment  at  Sherry's,  524  Filth  avenue.  He  was 
a  native  of  Cooperstown,  N.  Y.,  where  he  was  born  76  years 
ago,  was  a  graduate  of  Williams  College,  and  in  addition  to 
his  connection  with  the  wholesale  drug  trade  was  a  banker 
with  the  firm  of  Lee,  Livingstone  &  Co.,  and  Lee,  Kelcham 
&  Co.  He  belonged  to  tlie  Union,  Metropolitan,  Racquet  and 
Tennis  clubs.    He  retired  from  active  business  Feb.  1,  1913. 


Robert  T.  Miller. 
Robert  T.  Miller,  retired  merchant,  and  one  of  tlie  most — 
if  not  the  most — prominent  laymen  in  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church,  died  recently  at  his  home  in  Cincinnati.  He  was  a 
native  of  Ohio,  having  been  born  in  Neville,  May  4,  1834. 
He  was  in  the  retail  and  wholesale  drug  business  from  1857 
to  1875,  and  later  entered  the  oil  industry.  He  was  a  full 
York  Rite  and  33°  Scottish  Rite  Mason. 


Dr.  Carl  Laux. 

Dr.  Carl  Lau.x,  71,  pioneer  resident  of  Los  Angeles,  and 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  Sun  Drug  Co.,  of  that  city,  died 
recently.  He  was  one  of  the  best-known  residents  in  that 
city,  and  held  the  presidency  of  the  Sun  company  from  the 
time  of  its  organization  in  1900  until  two  years  ago,  when  he 
retired  from  active  business  life.  He  leaves  a  widow,  three 
daughters  and  three  sons. 


Edward  0.  Goldthwaite. 
Edward  O.  Goldthwaite,  54,  who  had  been  in  the  drug  busi- 
ness in  LjTin,  ilass.,  for  24  years,  where  he  conducted  one 
of  the  leading  stores  of  the  city  in  City  Hall  Square,  died 
recently  at  his  Summer  home  at  Alton,  N.  H.  He  suffered 
from  arterio-sclerosis,  and  had  suffered  two  slight  shocks  prior 
to  his  death. 


RECENT  DEATHS. 


—  Mrs.  Caroline  Kampmann,  84,  a  pioneer  resident  of 
San  Antonio  and  one  of  the  wealthiest  residents  of  that  city, 
and  also  the  mother  of  Mrs.  Theodore  F.  Meyer,  wife  of 
Theodore  F.  Meyer,  president  of  the  Meyer  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  of 
St.  Louis,  died  recently  at  her  San  Antonio  home.  Mrs. 
Meyer  was  in  Te.xas  at  her  mother's  bedside  at  the  time  of  the 
death  and  Mr.  Meyer  went  South  to  join  her.  Mrs.  Kamp- 
mann was  the  owner  of  a  hotel  and  much  other  valuable  prop- 
erty in  San  Antonio,  and  left  an  estate  valued  at  more  than 
81,000,000.  The  funeral  was  held  from  St.  Mark's  Church  in 
San  Antonio,  an  edifice  nearly  a  half  century  old,  whose 
architect  was  the  husband  of  Mrs.  Kampmann.  Mrs.  Kamp- 
mann had  been  a  communicant  of  the  church  from  its  opening. 

—  Herman  Frasch,  president  of  the  Union  Sulphur  Co., 
died  May  1,  at  the  age  of  62.  He  was  a  native  of  Gaildorf, 
Wuertemberg,  and  soon  after  he  came  to  this  country  was 
placed  in  charge  of  the  laboratory  of  Prof.  Maisch  at  the 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy.  In  1874  he  established  a 
laboratory  of  his  own.  He  soon  discovered  a  method  of  re- 
fining paraffin  wa.x  and  then  moved  to  Cleveland  from  Phila- 
delphia and  made  the  chemistry  of  the  petroleum  industry  his 
specialty,  receiving  many  patents.  In  1890  he  applied  for  a 
patent  upon  an  improvement  in  the  sulphur-making  industry, 
and  by  his  process  was  able  to  tap  sulphur  deposits  at  a 
depth  of  1000  feet.  By  this  process  a  single  well  delivered 
more  than  400  tons  of  sulphur  a  day. 

—  J.  C.  Perry,  one  of  the  charter  members  of  the  Phila- 
delphia Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  a  member  of  the  first 
board  of  directors,  and  at  one  time  vice-president  of  that 
association,  is  dead  after  a  long  illness.  He  was  elected  a 
member  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  N.A.R.D.  at 
Detro't  in  1900,  and  served  two  terms,  being  succeeded  by 
Charles   Rehfuss.     The   interment  was  at  Napanee,   Canada. 


—  Fred  E.  Miller,  one  of  the  best-known  traveling  sales- 
men in  Maine,  and  formerly  a  druggist  in  the  East  Side  and 
Tansey  pharmacies  in  Bangor,  is  de;id  at  the  age  of  46.  For 
19  years  he  traveled  for  J.  E.  Gould  &  Co.,  wholesale  drug- 
gists, of  Portland.  He  was  a  prominent  member  of  the  Maine 
Ph. .A.  and  was  a  charter  member  of  the  Bangor  Council, 
United  Commercial  Tr;ivclers, 

—  Charles  Woodberry,  of  Beverly,  Mass.,  one  of  the 
most  public-spirited  and  best-known  residents  of  that  city,  and 
for  many  years  a  leading  druggist  there,  is  dead  at  the  age 
of  67.  He  succeeded  the  late  A.  N.  Clark  at  Cabot  and 
Boyden,  and  later  removed  to  the  corner  of  Cabot  and  Broad- 
way, later  going  to  Cabot  and  Abbott  streets.  He  was  an 
enthusiastic   Mason. 

—  Frank  Dempster,  48,  who  conducted  a  drug  store  at 
Rockford,  III.,  killed  himself  in  a  back  room  of  his  store  by 
drinking  a  mixture  of  bichloride  of  mercury,  morphine  and 
carbolic  acid.  He  had  been  fined  for  violating  the  liquor 
law  a  few  days  previous,  and  is  said  to  have  brooded  over  it. 
He  formerly  conducted  a  drug  store  in  North  Dixon,  III. 

—  J.  H.  Elson,  of  216  North  18th  street,  Quincy,  III,  the 
treasurer  of  the  Monroe  Drug  Co.,  died  recently  at  St.  An- 
thony's Hospital,  St.  Louis,  of  Bright's  disease.  He  was  about 
43  years  of  age.  He  had  entered  the  employ  of  E.  H.  Monroe 
as  a  boy,  and  from  that  had  worked  himself  up  to  the  treasu- 
rership  of  the  company.     He  was  a  Mason. 

—  Irving  M.  Trowbridge,  politician  and  druggist,  of 
Marseilles,  III.,  disappeared  on  March  10,  and  was  supposed 
to  have  committed  suicide.  This,  however,  was  not  verified 
until  recently  when  his  body  was  found  on  the  banks  of  the 
Illinois  river.  Mr.  Trowbridge  was  a  native  of  Ohio,  and 
was  a  member  of  various  Masonic  bodies. 

—  George  Bauman,  president  of  the  City  National  bank, 
Oshkosh,  Wis.,  for  many  years  engaged  in  the  drug  business 
in  that  city,  died  recently  after  a  brief  illness.  He  was  born 
in  Switzerland  and  settled  in  Racine,  Wis.,  with  his  parents 
in  1844.  His  former  drug  store  in  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  is  now 
conducted  by  his  nephew,  L.  A.  Bauman. 

—  Capt.  George  0.  Snowden,  79,  for  40  years  in  the 
book  and  drug  business  in  Waterloo,  Iowa,  died  suddenly  last 
month.  His  great-grandfather  arrived  in  Pennsylvania  before 
William  Penn  and  was  an  intimate  friend  of  George  Wash- 
ington. His  grandfather  was  closely  associated  with  President 
Andrew  Jackson. 

—  The  Rev.  L.  B.  Bullock,  a  druggist  at  Manawa,  Wis., 
since  his  retirement  several  years  ago  as  a  clergyman  in  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  church,  died  recently  after  a  long  illness. 
Rev.  Bullock  was  a  clergyman  for  40  years,  serving  in  many 
Wisconsin  pastorates.  He  was  in  business  with  his  oldest  son 
John. 

—  John  Hanson,  74,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Superior,  Wis., 
died  recently  of  acute  gastritis.  Mr.  Hanson  was  bom  in 
Norway,  Sept.  17,  1840,  and  came  to  the  United  States  in 
1866.  He  leaves  a  widow  and  seven  children.  For  many  years 
he  conducted   a   drug  store  at   617   Tower  avenue,    Superior. 

—  Thomas  F.  Hammond,  49,  of  1201  68th  street,  Bath 
Beach  (N.Y.),  died  on  May  12,  after  a  long  illness  with 
Bright's  disease.  He  was  a  retired  druggist  and  was  formerly 
in  business  in  Brooklyn.  His  funeral  was  at  his  birthplace, 
Boonton,  N.  J. 

—  Jack  M.  Asbury,  30,  who  was  connected  with  the 
Texas  Dnig  Co.,  was  injured  in  an  accident  on  the  railroad 
near  Santa  Rosa,  N.  M.,  and  died  later  at  the  railroad  hos- 
pital at  Tucumcari.  The  body  was  taken  back  to  Dallas  for 
burial. 

—  Tobias  "Voegeli,  father  of  Thomas  and  Henry 
A'oegeli,  druggists  of  Minneapolis,  and  of  Fred  Voegeli,  of 
Bozeman,  Mont.,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  81.  He  had  been  ill 
for  10  days  with  pneumonia.     He  was  a  native  of  Switzerland. 

—  Mrs.  L.  S.  Woolverton,  wife  of  a  former  Topeka, 
Kan.,  druggist,  is  dead  after  being  an  invalid  for  several  years. 
Mr.  Woolverton  moved  to  Kansas  City  from  Topeka  about 
six  years  ago. 

. —  John  J.  Kfoble,  for  43  years  a  druggist  in  Newton 
Center,  Mass.,  died  early  last  month.  Nearly  all  the  business 
men  of  the  section  attended  the  funeral,  as  well  as  many  of  the 
old  residents. 

—  E.  Ripley  Sibley,  82,  a  former  successful  druggist  in 
Concord,  N.  H.,  and  later  connected  with  a  number  of  banks 
and  pubic  service  companies,  died  recently  in  .\mesbury,  Mass. 


June,  1914J 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


279 


News  froiM  Associations 


Proprietary  Association  Annual  Meeting. 

THAT  good  patent  medicine  represents  more  real  medical 
brains  and  tested  medical  practice  than  is  possessed  by 
any  one  physician  in  the  countrj';  that  it  is  necessary  for 
the  proprietary  medicine  men  to  clean  house  and  drive  out 
the  fakes  and  the  frauds;  that  the  advertising  copy  must  be 
ethical  "and  comply  with  the  requirements  of  the  National 
Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act,"  as  suggested  by  President  Cheney — '■ 
were  three  points  hammered  home  at  the  convention  of  the 
Proprietary  Association  of  America  at  the  Waldorf-Astoria, 
May  12-14.  Naturally,  the  promulgation  of  such  sentiments 
aroused  considerable  feeling  and  led  to  "red  hot"  discussion, 
but  every  action  taken  by  the  convention  was  in  line  with  the 
banishment  of  substitution,  the  protection  of  prices,  the  aboli- 
tion of  extravagant  claims  in  advertising,  and  the  protection 
of  the  public  against  narcotic  drugs.  It  was  further  decided 
that  the  association  should  assume  the  aggressive,  and  offset 
inimical  reports  in  the  daily  press  by  e.xact  statements  of  fact. 
The  convention  as  a  whole  was  one  of  the  most  important  the 
association  has  held  since  its  organization. 

All  the  officers  were  re-elected  with  the  exception  of  Secre- 
tary and  Treasurer  Orient  C.  Pinckney,  who  reported  that  his 
health  would  not  again  permit  him  to  serve  in  the  dual 
capacity.  A  unanimous  standing  vote  of  appreciation  was 
taken  by  the  members  following  this  announcement.  The 
officers   for   1914-1915   are: 

President,  Frank  J.  Cheney,  Toledo,  Ohio;  1st  vice-president, 
A.  H.  Beardsley,  Elkhart,  Ind.  ;  2d  vice-president,  W.  H. 
Gove,  Lynn,  Mass. ;  secretary-treasurer,  C.  P.  Tyrell,  Syracuse, 
N.  Y. 

Recommendations  of  President  Cheney. 

President  Cheney  in  commenting  upon  the  stand  of  some 
newspapers  in  refusing  patent  medicine  copy  said  that  out  of 
10,000  advertising  propositions  sent  out  by  his  company  to 
48  States  only  38  were  refused  because  proprietary  advertising. 
He  suggested  that  the  great  objection  was  the  nature  of  the 
copy  itself,  not  the  subject,  and  that  copy  should  be  made 
to  comply  with  the  pure  food  laws.  Through  the  Harrison 
bill  and  the  Chicago  model  law  he  believed  the  traffic  in 
narcotics  could  be  controlled.  Price-protection,  uniform 
weights  and  measures  legislation,  and  anti-substitution  enact- 
ments were  also  urged. 

A  short  address  of  welcome  by  President  Caswell  A.  Mayo, 
of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  was  followed  by 
a  discussion  of  the  Stevens  and  Metz  price-maintenance  bills, 
by  J.  E.  Toms,  of  the  N.W.D.A. 

The  sensation  of  the  convention  was  sprung  when  J  F. 
Jacobs,  an  advertising  man  representing  more  than  100  re- 
ligious and  other  publications  in  the  South,  spoke  on  "Public 
Opinion  as  Affecting  the  Proprietary  Business."  Mr.  Jacobs 
reminded  the  members  of  the  fact  that  very  few  publications 
would  at  present  take  their  advertising,  and  that  many  news- 
papers were  beginning  to  close  their  columns  to  patent-medi- 
cine ads.  He  stated  that  public  opinion  was  apparently 
strongly  against  patent  medicines,  and  that  some  day  the 
pressure  might  be  so  great  as  to  demand  that  "patents"  be 
abolished,  as  had  taken  place  with  the  opium  traffic  in  China. 
It  was  impossible  for  publishers  to  handle  the  advertisements 
of  proprietaries  when  public  opinion  was  absolutely  against 
it,  and  hence  it  was  urgently  necessary  that  the  association 
take  immediate  steps  to  educate  the  public  to  the  fact  that  the 
patent-medicine  business  is  an  honest,  necessary,  and  reputable 
trade.  Mr.  Jacobs  stirred  up  a  good  deal  of  feeling  when  he 
asserted  many  manufacturers  of  patents  were  ashamed  to 
acknowledge  that  they  made  patent  medicines,  and  that  it  was 
the  regular  custom  of  such  men  to  keep  silent  whenever  pro- 
prietaries were  attacked,  instead  of  defending  themselves.  The 
advertising  associations,  the  publishers,  and  the  public  have 
therefore  concluded  that  their  position  is  indefensible.  As  a 
matter  of  fact,  the  good  patent  medicine  represents  more  real 
brains  and  tested  medical  practice  than  is  possessed  by  any 
one  physician  in  the  country.  But  first  of  all,  it  is  necessary 
to  clean  house,  and  put  out  all  frauds  and  fakes,  of  which 
some   still   exist.     The   ad.   copy   must   be   ethical;    it   should 


read  like  the  talk  of  the  family  doctor.  Illustrations  depicting 
the  ravages  of  diseae  should  not  be  used,  and  there  should  be 
no  playing  on  diseased  minds,  and  appealing  to  agonized  and 
harrowing  feelings.  The  case  of  a  food  product  in  the  South 
was  cited,  which  spent  $400,000  in  suils  and  educational 
campaigns  resulting  in  a  complete  reversal  of  the  former  un- 
favorable public  opinion.  In  concluding,  Mr.  Jacobs  asserted 
that  if  the  patent-medicine  men  did  not  get  together  at  once 
and  carry  on  a  similar  campaign,  they  would  soon  have  to 
answer  for  it. 

En,-in  F.  Kemp  was  instantly  on  his  feet.  The  reason  pro- 
prietary men  do  not  call  themselves  patent-medicine  manufac- 
turers is,  he  asserted,  because  there  is  no  such  thing  as  a 
p;.tent  medicine,  according  to  the  U.S.  patent  laws.  The 
Proprietary  Association  is  an  honorable  and  honest  body,  and 
does  not  make  such  extravagant  claims  as  the  physicians,  for 
instance.  "The  doctors  say :  'You're  at  death's  door,  but  we'll 
pull  you  through.'  We  don't  say  anything  like  that.  The 
.■\merican  Medical  Association  spends  more  than  $100,000  a 
year  to  fight  proprietaries,  but  we  are  honest  enough  and 
square  enough  not  to  spend  a  cent  to  attack  them."  Adver- 
tising associations  have  no  right  to  talk  about  "fake"  ads., 
when  they  try  to  sell  mercerized  cotton  as  silk.  Moreover,  no 
opportunity  has  ever  been  given  the  proprietary  men  for  a 
clear  statement  of  their  position.  As  soon  as  one  of  them  tries 
to  get  a  hearing,  he  is  howled  down  by  the  opposition. 

William  Weiss  was  proud  to  be  in  the  proprietary  business. 
He  did  not  think  that  the  association  had  any  frauds  or  fakes 
in  it,  and  he  did  not  know  of  any  proprietary  men  who  were 
ashamed  to  let  it  be  known  that  they  manufactured  such 
articles.  The  agitation  is  being  kept  up  by  physicians,  and 
there  is  less  now  than  six  years  ago.  As  for  ethical  copy, 
that  is  very  nice,  but  it  will  not  sell  the  goods.  It  has  been 
tried,   and  ethical  copy  does  not  get  results. 

President  Cheney  was  positive  that  there  are  many  pro- 
prietary men  today  who,  as  Mr.  Jacobs  had  pointed  out,  are 
ashamed  of  their  business,  and  amid  cries  of  "No,  no"  from 
many  other  members,  he  maintained  his  statement, 

Charles  C.  Green,  of  the  Philadelphia  North  American,  an 
organizer  and  officer  of  the  National  Antisubstitution  League, 
told  of  the  "Get  what  you  ask  for"  propaganda  of  that  asso- 
ciation. A  nation-wide  publicity  plan  is  being  carried  on 
through  more  than  200  newspapers  and  other  publications  to 
educate  the  public  to  demand  and  insist  on  getting  exactly  the 
article  wanted,  and  to  be  on  its  guard  against  the  substituting 
merchant.  It  is  proposed  to  issue  a  licensed  emblem,  bearing 
the  words:  "You  get  what  you  ask  for  here"  to  all  retailers 
who  pledge  themselves  to  banish  substitution  of  any  sort. 
Upon  motion,  the  association  endorsed  the  work  of  the  League. 

Fred.  K.  Fernald,  chairman  of  the  committee  on  relations 
with  the  retail  trade,  reported  that  general  sales  had  fallen  off 
to  some  extent,  particularly  in  some  localities,  due  to  the 
competition  of  the  "chain"  stores,  medicineless  fads  and  the 
agitation  against  patent  medicines  as  such.  He  called  attention 
to  page  three,  line  13,  of  the  Stevens  bill,  which,  he  said, 
would  wipe  out  sub-quantity  propositions  to  dealers.  He 
mentioned  this  fact  in  order  that  it  would  not   be  overlooked. 

Whidden  Graham  elaborated  upon  the  Stevens  bill,  which, 
he  said,  is  not  a  finality,  but  merely  something  definite  for 
the  concentration  of  the  forces  favoring  the  underlying  prin- 
ciple of  price  protection.  After  considerable  discussion,  the 
association  went  upon  record  as  in  favor  of  a  bill  to  prevent 
discrimination  of  prices  and  to  provide  for  publicity  of  prices 
to  dealer  and  the  public.  The  details  were  left  to  the  execu- 
tive committee. 

Secretary-Treasurer  Pinckney  reported  that  the  association 
had  189  active  members  and  62  associate.  There  had  been  IS 
resignations.  Mr.  Pinckney  reported  a  balance  on  hand  from 
1913  of  $2385.  Receipts  during  the  past  year  had  been  in 
the  neighborhood  of  $38,000,  disbursements  were  in  the  sum 
of  $35,934,  and  balance  on  hand,  $2781. 

Carl  J.  Balliett,  chairman  of  the  membership  committee, 
reported  that  67  new  members,  34  associate  and  33  active  had 
been  taken  in.  Eleven  appHcations  for  active  membership  had 
been  rejected,  and  five  are  pending.  The  total  net  gain  in 
members  is  52. 

Ervin  F.  Kemp  reported  in  his  capacity  of  secretary  for 
various  committees,  reporting  that  papers  which  had  con- 
spicuously campaigned  against  patent-medicine  advertising  are 
losing,  but  urged  that  whatever  the  association  does  to  coun- 


280 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[June,  1914 


teraci  this  advertising  boycott  should  be  directed  to  the  editorial 
and  not  the  business  department  of  the  newspapers.  Mr. 
Kemp  did  not  agree  with  Jtr.  Jacobs  about  members  being 
ashamed  of  their  business,  he  had  never  yet  apologized  for  his 
business — when  he  had  to  do  that  he  would  retire. 

Two  propositions  to  raise  funds  for  work  during  the  present 
year  were  presented  to  the  members  and  eacli  was  discussed 
at  great  length.  One,  to  increase  the  dues  for  active  member- 
ship to  SlC>0  was  tabled  until  next  year.  The  other,  to  request 
all  the  members  to  appropriate  an  assessment  of  one-fifth  of 
1  per  cent.,  or  52  per  $1000,  on  business  done  during  the  past 
year,  was  adopted. 

A  resolution  to  the  effect  that  the  association  employ  a  re- 
sponsible detective  agency  to  ascertain  the  facts  in  every  case 
where  death  was  alleged  to  be  due  to  patent  medicines  wns 
unanimously  adopted  and  the  details  referred  to  the  executive 
committee  for  action.  In  every  case  of  erroneous  report  editors 
publishing  the  same  will  be  requested  to  retract.  The  move 
was  taken  to  stave  off  inimical  legislation. 

The  members  were  requested  to  write  letters  of  protest 
against  Commission  bill  No.  165,  an  act  regulating  the  labeling, 
sale,  and  advertising  of  patent  and  proprietary  medicines,  etc., 
in  the  Philippine  Islands.  Personal  friends  of  Burton  Harri- 
son, Governor-General  of  the  islands,  were  also  requested  to 
write  him  to  use  his  influence  to  head  off  the  legislation 
objected  to.  The  measure  takes  effect  July  1,  1914.  President 
Cheney  observed  that  if  members  had  to  publish  their  formulas 
in  the  islands  they  might  as  well  do  it  here — in  fact,  they 
might  as  well  give  up  the  combinations  of  their  safes. 

Charles  B.  Watson  gave  an  interesting  explanation  of  the 
anti-substitution  movement  with  which  he  is  connected.  An 
anti-substitution  bureau  had  been  proposed  and  National  ad- 
vertisers are  to  be  asked  to  set  aside  a  fraction  of  1  per  cent. 
of  their  appropriations  to  further  its  work.  He  said  that  fully 
50  per  cent,  of  the  force  of  National  advertising  is  diverted 
by  substitution. 

Harry  Good  presented  resolutions  in  memoriam  of  deceased 
members.  Caswell  A.  Mayo  presented  a  paper  on  "Opportunities 
in  South  .America."  Mr.  Kemp  pointed  out  that  litigation 
tmder  the  new  Rhode  Island  pure  advertising  law  had  so  far 
mostly  concerned   department   stores. 

Attorney  George  L.  Douglass  gave  an  interesting  talk,  re- 
marking that  being  located  now  in  the  Chicago  office  and  not 
on  the  firing  line  his  colleagues,  Messrs.  Kemp  and  Thompson, 
had  necessarily  pre-empted  all  the  ammunition.  George  C. 
Englehardt,  of  rt.ic.ioo,  delivered  a  fiery  address  in  the  course 
of  which  his  obs.  ivations  anent  the  medical  profession  of  this 
country  was  enthisiastically  received.  James  W.  Morrisson, 
of  Chicago,  as  an  ii>dividual  and  not  as  a  delegate,  briefly  and 
wittily  addressed  the  members.  Others  to  speak  w-ere  James  T. 
Finneran,  president  of  the  N.A.R.D.;  Dr.  Henry  C.  Lovis, 
president  of  the  National  Association  of  Manufacturers  of 
Medicinal  Products;  Dr.  Adolph  W.  Miller,  personal  repre- 
sentative of  George  W.  Beringer,  president  of  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association. 

One  of  the  most  important  reports  submitted  at  the  con- 
vention was  that  of  Harry  B.  Thompson,  the  general  counsel 
for  the  body,  in  which  he  called  attention  to  the  abolition 
of  the  "guarantee  label  and  the  serial  number"  by  the  Federal 
authorities,  and  contended  that  this  action  called  for  demon- 
stration to  the  public  by  individual  manufacturers  that  there 
would  be  no  lowering  of  quality  standards.  He  stated  that  the 
greater  part  of  the  proposed  legislation  adverse  to  the  interests 
of  the  manufacturers,  or  unnecessary,  had  either  been  with- 
drawn or  else  amended  to  meet  the  views  of  the  drug  interests, 
and  he  further  stated  that,  in  his  estimation,  germicides  and 
bactericides  were  not  properly  classified  under  the  provisions 
of  the  National  insecticide  laws. 


They  Are  Coming  This  Way,  the  A. Ph.  A. 

By    NORMAN    I.    TAYLOR. 

Anyone  who  has  visited  Detroit  will  readily  answer  the 
question — "Why  is  Detroit  the  greatest  convention  city  in  the 
■world?"  Time  and  space  forbid  giving  the  thousand  and  one 
reasons  here.  Needless  to  say,  Detroit  fully  lives  up  to  the 
reputation  established  by  its  world-wide  known  slogan,  "In 
Detroit  Life  Is  Worth  Living." 

By  virtue  of  its  location,  Detroit  is  logically  the  Convention 


City  of  America.  Detroit  offers  the  advantage  of  a  wonderful 
river  which  is  planked  on  one  side  by  Lake  St.  Clair  and  on 
the  other  by  Lake  Erie.  Detroit  is  wealthy  in  beautiful  parks, 
drives  and   boulevards — the  climate   is  ideal. 

In  Detroit  this  Summer  will  gather  many  conventions  and — 
the  greatest  of  these  will  be  the  .American  Pharmaceutical 
Association  gathering  on  .'\ug.  24-29.  All  roads  lead  toward 
Detroit.  Vou  are  expected  to  be  here  to  partake  in  the  big 
festivities  and  listen  to  the  good  things  which  big  men  who 
know  will  impart  for  your  benefit.  Vour  presence  will  make 
a  big  time  bigger.  There'll  be  something  doing  every  minute 
and  you'll  have  the  time  of  your  life — don't  miss  it.  Say  to 
yourself  "I'll  be  in  Detroit  on   August  24-29"   and — be  there. 

An  efficient  entertainment  committee  has  done  itself  proud. 
Arrangements  are  completed.  Send  your  notice  to  the  secre- 
tary— tell  him  you  are  going  to  Detroit.  You  can  greatly  aid 
the  committee  on  accommodations  by  sending  notice  now.  Get 
your  reservation  in  early.  Be  a  booster — get  your  fellow  phar- 
macists to  come  along.  As  for  the  programme — there  never 
was  a  better  one.  Loosen  up.  Get  away  from  yourself.  Gather 
in  the  drug  center  of  the  world  with  big  men  who  are  doing 
big  things  in  a  big  way.  The  American  Pharmaceutical  .Asso- 
ciation expects  every  man  to  do  his  duty.  Omar  Khayyam 
sums  it  all  up  into  a  nutshell  by  proclaiming — "When  all  the 
temple  is  prepared  within — why  waits  the  drowsy  worshiper 
without?"  To  you  all  of  this  means,  be  in  Detro't  for  Aug. 
24-29.     Nuf  ced. 


Alabama    Ph. A. 

Extensive  plans  are  being  made  for  the  entertainment  of 
the  Alabama  State  Pharmaceutical  Association  at  Anniston  on 
June  17-18.  Important  action  is  expected  on  the  matter  of 
State  food  and  drug  legislation.  S.  L.  Toomer,  of  Auburn,  is 
president  of  the  association  and  W.  E.  Bingham,  of  Tuscaloosa, 
secretary. 


Arkansas    Ph. A. 

The  32d  annual  convention  of  the  Arkansas  Ph. A.  and  the 
8th  annual  of  the  pharmaceutical  travelers'  were  held  at  Little 
Rock,  beginning  May  12.  R.  A.  Warren,  of  Clarksville,  pre- 
sided over  the  druggists,  and  C.  L.  Ferguson  over  the  travelers. 
The  address  of  welcome  was  made  by  Mayor  Charles  E. 
Taylor,  of  Little  Rock. 


California  State  Ph.A. 
By  a  majority  vote  the  members  of  the  California  Ph.A. 
decided  to  postpone  the  annual  meeting  from  May  to  June, 
and  the  dates  now  decided  upon  are  June  16-18  at  the  Casa 
del  Rey,  Santa  Cruz,  generally  admitted  to  be  the  finest  beach 
hotel  in   the   State  of   California. 

Connecticut  Ph.A. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Connecticut  Pharmaceutical  As- 
sociation will  be  held  at  the  Shoreham,  Morris  Cove,  New 
Haven,  on  June  24  and  25.  The  officers  are:  President,  S.  M. 
.■Mler,  South  Norwalk;  1st  vice-president,  H.  E.  Purdy,  Derby; 
2d  vice-president,  I.  H.  Levy,  West  Haven;  secretary  and 
treasurer,   P.   J.   Garvin,   Bethel. 


Georgia  Ph.A. 
The  1914  meeting  of  the  Georgia  Pharmaceutical  Associa- 
tion convenes  at  Indian  Springs  for  a  two-day  session  June 
9-10.  As  president,  Robert  C.  Wilson  will  offer  the  following 
recommendations  for  the  consideration  of  the  body :  .\  re- 
organization of  the  association;  revision  of  the  pharmacy  laws; 
renaming  and  enlarging  standing  committees,  defining  their 
duties;  classification  of  members'hip  into  members  and  regis- 
tered members,  registered  members  only  to  have  privilege  of 
t'ne  ballot ;  election  of  officers — nomination  of  two  members 
for  each  vacancy  a  year  in  advance  of  election,  the  secretary 
to  notify  every  pharmacist  in  the  State  in  advance  of  election 
who  the  candidates  for  office  shall  be ;  election  of  board  mem- 
bers, same  plan  as  in  election  of  officers;  remuneration  of  board 
members — place  board  members  on  salary,  the  difference  be- 
tween receipts  and  expenses  to  be  turned  into  the  general 
treasury  of  the  association  for  use  in  a  propaganda  campaign. 
From  this  source  we  would  have  two  or  three  thousand  dollars 
each  year  with  which  to  conduct  this  campaign,  from  which 
every  druggist  in  the  State  would  reap  large  profits. 


June.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


281 


Illinois  Ph.A. 

The  annual  convention  of  the  Illinois  Ph.A.  and  the  I. P. 
T.A.  will  be  held  at  the  Mineola  Hotel,  Fox  Lake,  June  11, 
12,    13. 


Kansas  Ph.A. 

The  35th  annual  convention  of  the  Kansas  Pharmaceutical 
Association  was  held  at  Hutchinson,  beginning  May  15,  with 
an  address  of  welcome  by  Mayor  Fred  W.  Cook,  of  Hutchin- 
son. By  vote  at  the  opening  session  the  druggists  pledged 
themselves  to  "go  into  politics"  if  necessary  to  obtain  funds 
for  the  K.U.  School  of  Pharmacy.  More  help  is  needed  and 
better  laboratory  facilities  for  the  analyzing  of  foods  and  drugs 
to  support  the  State  food  and  drug  laws.  Dean  L.  E.  Sayre, 
of  the  school,  told  of  the  handicap  under  which  the  work  is 
being  done  at  present.  The  following  officers  were  elected  by 
tlie  State  association  and  by  the  Travelers'  Au.xiliary,  which 
met  at  the  same  time: 

State  Ph.A. — President,  Walter  Bangs,  Madison;  1st  vice- 
president,  J.  W.  Giesburg,  Kansas  City;  2d  vice-president, 
E.  E.  Bloom,  Hutchinson;  secretary,  R.  von  Riesen,  Marysville; 
assistant  secretary,  J.  M.  Brunt,  Topeka ;  treasurer,  John 
Schmitter,  Gypsum  City ;  librarian.  Dean  L.  E.  Sayre,  K .  U. 
School  of  Pharmacy,  Lawrence. 

Travelers'  Auxiliary — President,  W.  J.  Brannaun;  1st  vice- 
president,  J.  E.  Kohler;  2d  vice-president,  Joe  Bailey;  3d  vice- 
president,  F.  H.  .Atkinson ;  secretary-treasurer,  Ed.  C.  Hamill, 
Xansas  City. 

The  usual  entertainments  and  excursions  were  programme 
features,  and  the  auxiliary  was  the  host  of  the  association  at 
the  annual  banquet  at  the  Bisonte  Hotel. 


Kentucky  Ph.A. 
The  annual  meeting  of  the  Kentucky  Ph.A.  will  be  held  at 
"Lexington  in  June.  The  papers  and  discussions  will  be  under 
the  direction  of  C.  S.  Porter  and  an  efficient  committee,  and 
the  entertainment  programme  as  already  planned  will  be  of 
-unusual  interest.  Dr.  Robert  M.  Allen,  director  of  the  Ken- 
tucky Experiment  Station,  will  take  charge  of  the  programme 
■one  afternoon,  and  the  entire  Experiment  Station  will  be 
thrown  open  to  the  pharmacists.  .An  exhibition  will  be 
Tield  simultaneously  with  the  convention  sessions  in  the  ball- 
Toom  of  the  Phoenix  Hotel. 


Maryland    Ph.A. 

The  annua!  meeting  of  the  Maryland  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
'ciation  will  be  held  this  year  at  Annapolis,  the  State  capital. 
The  famed  old  Carvel  House  has  been  selected  as  headquarters, 
though  it  is  thought  that  the  State  House  can  be  secured  for 
the  sessions.  Governor  Goldsborough  will  be  asked  to  make 
an  address  of  welcome  to  the  members  in  attendance,  and 
there  are  to  be  other  features  of  a  social  nature  out  of  the 
•ord'nary.  The  sessions  will  begin  June  23  and  continue  about 
four  days.  Just  who  will  be  picked  for  president  to  succeed 
J.  Fuller  Frames  has  not  yet  developed.  The  local  arrange- 
ments will  be  looked  after  by  J.  N.  Gilbert,  a  druggist  of 
Annapolis,  who  has  been  named  local  secretary.  He  will  have 
the  assistance  of  J.  Edwin  Hengst,  of  Baltimore,  chairman ; 
J.  Emory  Bond,  of  the  Baltimore  branch  of  Parke,  Davis  & 
Co.;  G.  A.  Sohl,  H.  C.  Spetzler,  and  Charles  P.  Muth,  of 
Muth  Bros.  &  Co.,  wholesale  druggists  of  Baltimore.  Among 
the  diversions  will  probably  be  an  excursion  to  some  bay 
■resort,  although  .Annapolis  itself  offers  many  of  the  attractions 
•of  a  watering  place,  being  situated  on  the  Severn  river,  and 
the  home  of  the  United  States  Naval  Academy. 


Special    Meeting   Minnesota    State    Ph.A. 

A  special  meeting  of  the  Minnesota  Ph. .A.  was  held  in  Min- 
neapolis in  .\pril  when  a  long  list  of  committee  and  delegate 
appointments  was  acted  upon.  M.  A.  Lillis,  of  St.  Paul,  was 
elected  local  secretary.     The  following  delegates  were  named: 

To  the  N..A.R.D. — W.  A.  Abbett,  Duluth,  chairman;  Henry 
Rauch,  Minneapolis;  H.  W.  Rietzke,  St.  Paul. 

To  the  A. Ph. A. — Dean  WuUing,  Minneapolis;  E.  L.  New- 
comb,  Minneapolis;  A.  J.  Eckstein,  Clear  Lake;  W.  A.  Frost, 
St.  Paul. 

The  following  resolutions  were  passed: 

Whereas,  Untruthful  and  misleading  statements  in  adver- 
tLements   lead   to   fraud   and  deception,   and 


Whereas,  Truthful  advertising  is  necessary  to  ensure  equity 
among  dealers  and  justice   to   consumers. 

Be  it  therefore  resolved,  That  the  Minnesota  Pharmaceutical 
.Association  energetically  protest  against  all  fake  and  fraudu- 
lent advertisements;   and  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  the  secretary  of  the  association  be  instructed 
to  give  publicity  to  this  resolution. 

The  resignation  of  C.  T.  Heller  as  a  member  of  the  e.xecutive 
committee  was  accepted,  and  W.  A.  Abbett,  of  Duluth,  was 
elected  in  his  stead. 


Mississippi  Ph.A. 
More  than  600  druggists  of  the  State  are  expected  at  Jack- 
son, June  10-12,  for  the  annual  convention  of  the  State  Ph.A. 
The  programme  of  entertainment  will  be  the  most  elaborate 
ever  attempted  by  the  city,  and  aside  from  the  purely  entertain- 
ment features,  addresses  will  be  delivered  by  prominent  men. 
H.  M.  Todd,  Tom  Folkes  and  J.  C.  McGee  are  members  of  the 
local  committee  having  the   entertainment   in   charge. 


Nebraska  Ph.A. 
The  33d  annual  convention  of  the  Nebraska  Pharmaceutical 
Association  will  be  held  at  Grand  Island,  June  23-25.  An 
elaborate  programme  both  of  entertainment  and  for  the  sessions 
is  being  prepared,  and  liberal  prizes  are  offered  for  papers 
and  for  displays  of  home-made  pharmaceuticals.  J.  H.  Schmidt 
is  president,  and  J.  G.  McBride  secretary,  and  at  last  reports 
the  membership  of  the  association  was  rapidly  approaching  the 
600  mark. 


New  England  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  branch  was  held  at  Hotel  Plaza, 
Boston,  when  officers  lor  the  ensuing  year  were  elected  as 
follows : 

President,  Fred  .A,  Hubbard,  New-ton;  vice-president,  F.  W. 
.Archer,  Milton;  secretary-treasurer,  R.  Albro  Newton,  South- 
borough;  chairman  committee  on  professional  relations,  Frank 
F.  Ernst,  Jamaica  Plain;  chairman  committee  on  membership, 
William  H.  Glover,  Lawrence. 

Dinner  was  served  at  7  o'clock  to  the  branch  members  and 
the  members  of  the  Boston  .Association  of  Retail  Druggists, 
after  which  the  following  speakers  were  heard:  John  R. 
Sawyer,  William  H.  Glover,  R.  A.  Newton,  Frank  P.  Ernst 
and  Elie  H.  LaPierre  on  "Individual  Propaganda" ;  Fred  W. 
Connolly  on  "Liquor  in  the  Drug  Store,"  and  James  F.  Fin- 
neran  on  "The  Attitude  of  the  State  Sealer  on  Apothecaries' 
Weights  and  Measures."  This  latter  subject  brought  out  so 
much  discussion  that  it  was  nearly  midnight  before  the  meet- 
ing adjourned. 


New  Jersey  Ph.A. 

The  44th  annual  meeting  of  the  New  Jersey  Pharmaceutical 
.Association  will  be  held  at  the  Hotel  Breslin,  Lake  Hopatcong, 
June  16,  17,  18,  19.  The  Query  Committee,  of  which  George 
M.  Beringer,  Jr.,  is  chairman,  has  prepared  a  list  of  25  queries 
and  suggestions  for  papers,  and  promises  a  collection  of  live, 
snappy  contributions  of  a  practical  nature.  The  entertainment 
programme  includes  the  president's  reception,  a  whist  with 
refreshments  given  by  the  women's  auxiliary,  an  automobile 
ride  to  Newton  for  the  ladies  with  tea  at  the  Cochran  House, 
informal  cards,  music  and  dancing,  bowling,  round  trips 
around  the  lake,  an  entertainment  by  the  travelers,  and  a 
baseball  game  and  sports. 


North  Carolina  Ph.A. 
The  35th  meeting  of  the  North  Carolina  Ph.A.  will  be  held 
at  Hendersonville,  the  "mountain  city,"  on  June  17,  18,  19. 
Many  entertainment  features  are  being  planned  by  the  local 
secretary,  W.  H.  Justus,  and  by  J.  G.  Beard,  secretary  of  the 
association.     C.  P.  Harper,  of  Selma,  will  preside. 


Transportation  to  N.Y.  State  Meeting. 
The  annual  meeting  of  the  New  York  State  Ph.A.  will  be 
held  at  the  United  States  Hotel,  Saratoga  Springs,  June  23-26 
inclusive.  It  was  originally  planned  to  hold  the  convention 
at  Sagamore,  Lake  George,  but  owing  to  the  destruction  of 
the  hotel  by  fire,  the  executive  committee  found  it  necessary 
to  find  another  meeting-place,  and  Saratoga  Springs  was 
chosen.  Summer  excursion  fares  will  be  in  effect  at  the  time 
of   the   meeting   via   all   lines   to   the   Springs   and   return,    arxj 


282 


THE    PIIARIMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


tickets  will  be  good  up  to  Oct.  1,  and  will  permit  stopovers  at 
any  point  en  route.     The  following  are  the  rates  announced 
by  the  transportation  committee,  of  which  M,  R.  Mandelbaum 
is  chairman : 
From 

New   York    $7.98 

Vonkers     7.38 

Poughkeepsie    5.03 

Albany  2.34 

Utica  (via  Schenectady) 4.44 

(via  Albany) 5.78 

Rome  (via  Schenectady) 4.99 

(via  .Mbany ) 6.33 

SjTacuse        (via  Schenectady) 6.44 

(via  Albany) 7.78 

Auburn  (via  Schenectady) 7.44 

(via  Albany) 7.78 

Rochester       (via  Schenectady) 9.68 

(via  Albany) 11.02 

Buffalo  (via  Schenectady) 12.32 

(via  Albany) 13.98 

Binghamton    5.93 

Elmira    11.73 

Fares  from  other  stations  in  New  York  State  may  be  had 
on  application   to  local   agent. 

Ohio  State  Ph.A. 
Edward  Sehl,  of  New  Philadelphia,  president  of  the  Ohio 
State  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociation,  has  sent  out  an  earnest  letter 
urging  a  banner  attendance  and  as  general  an  interest  as 
possible  at  the  36th  annual  meeting  of  the  association  at 
Cedar  Point,  July  7-10  inclusive. 

Oregon  State  Ph.A. 

The  coming  State  convention  of  the  Oregon  State  Ph..\. 
will  be  the  "silver  anniversary"  of  the  association,  and  plans 
already  made  indicate  the  banner  meeting  of  that  organization 
at  Newport,  the  second  week  in  July.  The  following  com- 
mittees have  the  meeting  in  charge : 

Trade  Interests — A.  W.  Allen,  Portland;  D.  O.  Woodworth, 
Albany;  F.  E.  Rogers,  McMiimville;  Leon  B.  Haskins,  Med- 
ford;   Theo.  Laurin,   Astoria. 

Papers  and  Queries — J.  M.  A.  Laue,  J.  M.  Ricen,  Robert  S. 
Ball,  Portland;  Prof.  C.  M.  McKellips,  CorvaUis;  W.  L. 
Miller,  Portland. 

Legislative — Joseph  Tallman,  Pendleton;  Fred  Dawson, 
Albany;  A.  Kuykendall,  Eugene;  D.  J.  Fry,  Salem;  Dr.  W.  I. 
Cottel,   Portland. 

Programme — W.  I.  Stock,  H.  J.  Martin,  J.  M.  A.  Laue, 
Ross  Plummer  and  E.  A.  Robinson,  all  of  Portland. 

E.Khibits— Fred  Dawson,  Newport;  Ralph  Crysler,  F.  Byerly, 
W.  .'\.  Gradon,  Harry  Draper,  all  of  Portland. 

Entertainment — C.  G.  Huntley,  B.  F.  Jones,  F.  C.  Pozzi, 
S.  A.  Matthieu,  J.  M.  A.  Laue,  Portland. 

Pennsylvania  Ph.A. 
The  annual  meeting  of  the  Pennsylvania  Ph.A.  will  be  held 
on  June  23-25  at  the  Buena  Vista  Spring  Hotel,  Buena 
Vista,  Pa.,  a  favored  place  for  State  meetings,  as  this  is  the 
fifth  time  it  has  been  selected  by  vote  of  the  members.  It  is 
located  on  the  summit  of  one  of  the  highest  peaks  of  the  Blue 
mountain  range,  and  the  sightliness  of  the  location  and  the 
e.xcellence  of  the  hotel  undoubtedly  have  a  great  deal  to  do 
w-ith  the  popularity  of  Buena  Vista  as  a  convention  locale. 

Rhode  Island  Pharmaceutical  Society. 
At  the  recent  quarterly  meeting  of  the  lUiode  Island  Phar- 
maceutical Society,  Prof.  John  E.  Groff,  of  the  State  Board 
of  Food  and  Drug  Commissioners,  discussed  "Standardization 
Difficulties  and  How  to  Meet  Them."  He  said:  "According 
to  records  only  about  1  per  cent,  of  all  the  druggists  in  Rhode 
Island  find  out  for  themselves  whether  the  drugs  used  by  them 
are  of  the  proper  standard  or  not."  He  explained  how  simple 
the  process  is  and  how  short  a  time  is  required  to  make  the 
tests,  and  urged  the  co-operation  of  the  druggists  with  the 
State  officials  to  maintain  the  standardization  of  all  official 
preparations  according  to  approved  methods  and  recognized 
formularies.  Clarence  E.  Bowmer,  secretary  of  the  organiza- 
tion, read  an  invitation  from  the  Virginia  Ph.A.  to  the  Rhode 
Island  organization  to  be  the  guests  of  the  Southern   organi- 


zation in  September,  the  invitation  being  accepted  unanimously. 
Following  the  session  there  was  an  entertainment  with  music, 
monologues,  etc.     A  Dutch  supper  was  served. 


Texas  State  Ph.A. 
The  35th  annual  convention  of  the  Texas  State  Ph.A.  will 
be  held  in  El  Paso,  Texas,  June  16-18.  To  quote  from  the 
announcement:  "There  will  be  something  doing  all  the  time. 
Visitors  will  be  given  the  opportunity  of  visiting  the  largest 
smelting  plant  in  the  world,  and  there  will  be  a  trip  to  the 
Southwestern  Ostrich  Farm.  There  will  be  an  excursion  to 
Ysleta,  tlie  oldest  town  in  the  United  States,  and  possibly  a 
run  over  into  Mexico  to  see  a  bull  fight,  a  chicken  fight,  and 
possibly  a  real  fight.  There  will  be  a  cavalry  drill  at  Fort 
Bliss,  automobile  rides,  music,  smokers,  banquets,  hesitations, 
waltzes,  tango  dancing,  and  possibly  the  latest  dance — the 
Rio  Grande  glide."  Athletic  sports,  and  a  trip  to  Cloudcroft 
over  what  is  termed  the  finest  scenic  railway  in  the  world,  are 
added  attractions,  and  Mayor  C.  E.  Kelly,  of  El  Paso,  an  old- 
time  druggist,  has  offered  a  prize  of  $100  to  the  visiting  drug- 
gist who  proves  himself  the  best  tango  dancer  at  the  meeting. 


Virginia    Ph.A. 

The  annual  convention  of  the  Virginia  Ph,.\.,  at  which  time 
the  Rhode  Island  Ph.A.  will  be  guests  of  the  association,  will 
be  held  at  the  Jefferson  Hotel,  Richmond,  Sept.  15-17.  Between 
300  and  400  delegates  are  expected  to  be  present,  and  the 
city  of  Richmond  through  its  committee  on  advertising  and 
enterprises  is  expected  to  expend  some  $500  or  more  in  assist- 
ing in  the  entertainment  of  the  guests.  E.  C.  Toone,  of  the 
local  entertainment  committee  of  the  pharmacists,  urged  such 
action  before  the  city  committee  at  a  recent  meeting  of  the 
City  Council. 


Women's  Ph.A.  of  the  Pacific  Coast. 
The  April  meeting  of  the  Women's  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation of  the  Pacific  Coast  was  held  in  the  Pacific  building, 
San  Francisco,  with  Mrs.  R.  E.  White,  the  president,  in  the 
chair.  Discussions  were  held  on  "Isotonic  Salt  Solutions," 
"The  Preparation  of  Extract  of  Malt  and  Cod  Liver  Oil," 
"Methods  of  Preparing  Ichthyol  Capsules,"  "lodothyrine"  and 
"Thyroidectin."  A  communication  was  received  from  Miss 
Clarissa  Roehr,  secretary  pro  tempore  of  the  San  Francisco 
Branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  in  regard 
to  the  May  meeting  of  the  San  Francisco  Branch.  Miss  Mabel 
Dolcini  read  a  paper  on  "Ozone,"  and  Mrs.  F.  F.  Rajotte 
presented  a  paper  on  "Boils."  The  discussion  of  the  evening 
was  on  "The  Card-Index  for  Stock,"  and  Miss  Nelson,  Mrs. 
White,  Miss  Dolcini  and  Dr.  Winslow  participated.  The 
May  meeting  of  the  association  was  held  on  the  22d  in  the 
Assembly  Hall,   Pacific   building,   San   Francisco. 


Western  State  Association  Meetings. 

-Arizona — Phoeni.x,   Nov.    12. 

California — Santa   Cruz,    June   16-18. 

Idaho — Boise,  second  week  in  June. 

Oregon — Newport,  the  second  week  in  July. 

Utah — Salt  Lake,   the  latter  part  of  June. 

Washington — National   Park    Inn,    Longmire,    July    13-15. 


Dr.   Wm.  C.  Anderson  Addresses  Brooklyn  Ph.A. 

The  Brooklyn  Pharmaceutical  Association  devoted  its  May 
meeting  to  the  consideration  of  the  Stevens  bill.  Dr.  William 
C.  Anderson  addressing  the  members  upon  that  subject.  Albert 
Fischer,  a  member,  also  spoke  upon  the  measure. 


Chicago  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 
The  Chicago  Branch  of  the  A.Ph.A.  was  honored  at  its 
April  meeting  with  an  address  by  Prof.  John  Uri  Lloyd,  of 
Cincinnati.  Prof.  Lloyd's  subject,  "The  Evolution  of  Ameri- 
can Materia  Medica,"  led  to  many  reminiscences  and  his  talk 
was  very  earnestly  received  by  the  audience.  Secretary  Gather- 
coal  introduced  the  new  A.Ph.A.  button,  samples  of  which 
had  been  received  from  Treasurer  Whelpley  and  orders  were 
taken  for  20  of  the  buttons.  They  were  voted  very  neat  in 
design  and  excellent  in  finish.  The  May  meeting  was  devoted 
to  criticism,  favorable  and  unfavorable,  of  the  changes  in  the 
monographs  of  galenicals  for  the  new  Pharmacopoeia  as 
recently  published  by  the  Revision  Committee.  Several  phar- 
macists,  members  of  the  branch,   led  by  I.   A.  Becker,   phar- 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


283 


macist    at    Michael    Reese    Hospital,    prepared    criticisms    for 
presentation   at   this  meeting. 


City  of  Washington  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 

The  April  meeting  of  the  City  of  Washington  branch  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  Association  was  held  at  the  National 
College  of  Pharmacy.  The  director  of  the  National  Vaccine 
and  Antitoxin  Institute  of  Washington,  D.  C,  Dr.  J.  R.  Stew- 
art, described  to  the  large  number  of  members  and  guests,  and 
to  the  entire  senior  class  of  the  National  College  of  Pharmacy, 
present  by  special  invitation,  in  a  most  interesting  and  detailed 
fashion,  the  origin  and  development,  manufacture,  character- 
istics, and  peculiarities  of  each  vaccine  and  antito.xin  now  in 
practical  use,  and  outlined  the  character  of  experimental  work 
now  being  conducted  to  increase  tlie  scope  and  efficacy  of  this 
form  of  medication.  He  supplemented  his  address  with  ex- 
hibits showing  antitoxins  in  various  states  of  manufacture  and 
with  demonstrations  of  the  uses  of  various  types  of  syringes. 
Following  his  address  he  answered  all  questions  propounded 
to  him  concerning  this  line.  When  he  took  his  seat  he  was 
given  a  rousing  vote  of  thanks.  The  May  meeting  has  been 
postponed  until  June  6,  when  the  branch  will  visit  the  De- 
partment of  Agriculture  drug  farms  opposite  the  Arlington 
National  Cemetery,  in  Virginia,  at  1 :  30  p.m.  At  this  meeting 
Dr.  Stotsenberg,  who  is  in  charge  of  the  farms,  will,  after 
showing  the  members  around,  give  a  talk  on  drug  culture,  fake 
money-making  schemes  involving  such  culture,  and  a  number 
of  other  subjects  interesting  to  the  retail  druggist  and  to  the 
general  public. 


Provision  should  be  made  for  deliquescent  and  efflorescent 
salts.  In  many  cases  the  specific  gravity  is  given  and  must 
be  ascertained  at  25  °C.,  a  very  unhandy  temperature.  Fifteen 
degrees  C,  should  be  given  in  parenthesis.  The  "ash"  in  the 
U.S. P.  is  very  unsatisfactory,  sometimes  no  ash  being  re- 
quired. When  "no  appreciable  residue"  is  allowed;  what  is 
that,  and  how  about  the  size  of  the  original  sample?  Some 
of  the  easiest  electrolytic  assay  methods  are  not  included,  for 
example,  the  silver  and  copper  methods.  The  first-named  is  a 
fine  one.  Mr.  Murray  didn't  see  why  it  shouldn't  be  used. 
He  concluded  his  remarks  by  picking  out  about  100  specific 
instances   for  criticism. 

Otto  Raubenheimer  undertook  the  burden  of  meeting  Mr. 
Murray's  criticisms,  article  by  article.  Benzin,  he  stated, 
was  included  in  die  pharmacopoeia  because  it  is  used.  The 
same  reason  applied  to  purified  talc.  Relative  to  the  keeping 
of  chemicals,  Mr.  Raubenheimer  thought  that  the  U.S. P.  was 
superior  to  all  others.  The  "forms"  of  chemicals  was  a  good 
criticism.  He  also  agreed  upon  the  difficulty  of  obtaining 
specific  gravities  at  25  °C.  The  question  of  adopting  a  standard 
dropper  was  briefly  discussed  in  the  course  of  Mr.  Rauben- 
heimer's  remarks. 

Dr.  H.  V.  Arny,  president  of  the  branch,  stated  that  the 
sub-committee  had  discussed  the  propriety  of  including  a  table 
in  the  pharmacopoeias  for  specific  gravities  at  25°  and  15°. 
.As  for  electrolytic  processes,  those  that  will  be  published  in 
the  U.S. P.  are  merely  an  opening  wedge. 


A.Ph.A.  Members  Celebrate  Procter  Birthday. 

On  Saturday,  May  2,  a  number  of  prominent  members  of 
the  -American  Pharmaceutical  Association  gathered  at  the 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  to  honor  the  memory  and 
to  celebrate  the  birthday  of  Professor  William  Procter,  Jr. 
John  F.  Hancock,  of  Baltimore,  chairman  of  the  committee 
in  charge  of  the  erection  of  a  bronze  statue  of  Professor  Proc- 
ter in  Washington,  and  Edward  Berge,  the  sculptor,  exhibited 
a  model  of  tlie  statue  which  is  to  be  nine  feet  high  and 
mounted  upon  a  granite  pedestal  eight  feet  high.  William 
Procter,  Jr.,  was  born  in  Baltimore  on  May  3,  1817,  was 
graduated  from  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  in  1837, 
was  elected  professor  of  pharmacy  at  the  College  in  1846, 
became  editor  of  the  American  Journal  of  Pharmacy,  and 
carried  on  its  work  for  20  years.  He  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  in  1852,  and  later 
became  its  president.  He  was  dean  of  the  Philadelphia  Col- 
lege of  Pharmacy  for  a  long  period  and  was  connected  with  the 
college  for  many  years  until  his  death  in  1874.  After  a 
luncheon  had  been  served,  the  party  left  by  train  to  visit  the 
grave  of  Professor  Procter  at  Mt.  Holly,  N.  J.  Among  those 
present  was  Samuel  M.  Bines,  the  oldest  living  graduate  of 
the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  class  of  1848. 


B.  L.  MURRAY  ADDRESSES  N.Y.  BRANCH,  A.PH.A. 


Presents  Extensive  Criticisms  of  U.S.P.  Chang-es  and 
Otto   Raubenheimer   Replies  in  Full   to   Same. 

BENJAMIN  L.  ilURRAY  addressed  the  members  of  the 
New  York  Branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical 
.Association  at  their  May  meeting,  upon  proposed  changes 
in  the  U.S.P.  Mr.  Murray  stated  that  he  had  learned  in 
Philadelphia  that  the  Committee  of  Revision  had  done  much 
better  work  than  appears  from  the  bulletins  issued.  He  con- 
tended that  if  pharmacists  were  to  have  a  pharmacopoeia  it 
should  be  one  easy  to  use,  which  could  not  be  said  of  the 
present  fedition.  He  proposed  that  every  paragraph  of  the 
U.S.P.  should  be  numbered.  Then,  when  a  reference  was 
given,  it  would  be  definite. 

Mr.  Murray  presented  numerous  examples  of  a  type  of 
articles  for  which  there  was  not  enough  use  to  justify  their 
presence  in  the  Pharmacopoeia.  Many  queries  were  made 
relative  to  U.S.P.  provisions  by  the  speaker.  What  was  a 
"well  closed  bottle?"  How  should  magnesium  and  sodium 
sulphates  be  enclosed :  some  articles  were  so  cheap  that  no  one 
felt  like  spending  money  on  containers.  What  "forms"  shall 
we  have  in  the  U.S.P.?  For  instance,  when  "large,  trans- 
parent crystals"  are  specified,  might  not  the  small  crystals  be 
suitable? 


PROF.  REMINGTON  ADDRESSES  N.Y.  BRANCH. 


Delivers  Enlightening  Talk  on  Work  of  Revising  the 
Pharmacopoeia — Dr.    Bastedo    Opens    Discussion. 

PROFESSOR  JOSEPH  P.  REMINGTON,  chairman  of 
the  Committee  of  Revision  of  the  United  States  Pharma- 
copoeia, was  the  guest  of  honor  and  principal  speaker  at 
an  unusually  well  attended  joint  meeting  of  pharmacists  and 
physicians,  held  under  the  auspices  of  the  New  York  branch 
of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  .Association  at  the  New  York 
College  of  Pharmacy.  Dr.  Remington's  remarks  threw  a  re- 
markably clear  light  upon  the  work  of  revision,  one  of  the 
book's  severest  critics  later  observing  that  the  speaker  had 
awakened  his  sympathy  for  the  committee  whose  task  it  was 
to  consummate  the  work.  In  part,  he  said  that  the  work  of 
revision  was  fast  approaching  completion  and  the  book  was 
soon  to  be  printed.  By  international  agreement  it  would  con- 
tain the  same  strengths  and  doses  for  all  powerful  preparations 
as  do  many  of  the   leading  pharmacopoeias  of  the   world. 

An  authoritative  international  pharmacopoeia,  said  Professor 
Remington,  is  now  regarded  as  a  dream  of  the  future.  There 
is  no  reason  why  pharmacists  cannot  unite  on  doses,  but  the 
doctors  of  the  world  cannot  be  made  to  unite  on  drugs.  The 
pharmacopoeia  must  contain  drugs  used  in  this  country  regard- 
less of  any  particular  locality.  Professor  Remington  men- 
tioned the  international  pharmacopoeia,  universal  peace  and 
church  union  practically  in  the  same  breath  -as  all  being  about 
equally  difficult  of  realization.  There  is  no  reason,  however, 
why  pharmacists  of  the  world  should  not  accept  as  many 
subjects  in  common  as  possible. 

The  speaker  compared  the  unique  way  in  which  the  U.S.P. 
is  revised  with  that  in  vogue  with  other  pharmacopoeias,  em- 
phasizing the  absence  of  politics,  the  small  honorariums,  the 
fair  representation  of  both  healing  professions  and  the  Govern- 
ment, etc.,  all  features  of  our  method.  He  explained  the  mode 
of  electing  the  executive  committee  and  the  right  of  appeal  to 
the  general  committee  for  a  vote  enjoyed,  but  not  as  yet  exer- 
cised, by  the  chairman  and  the  executive  committee.  Professor 
Remington  compared  the  organization  for  the  work  of  revision 
with  that  of  the  National  government.  Publicity,  he  said,  is  a 
prominent  feature  of  this  revision,  but,  necessarily,  there  should 
be  a  time  limit  to  the  world-wide  criticism  and  comment. 

Anent  the  admission  of  s>'nthetics,  he  asserted  that  to  make 
this  possible  in  our  pharmacopoeia  the  owner  must  sign  an 
agreement,  otherwise  he  could  make  any  change  in  color,  purity 
or  otherwise,  and  the  U.S.P.  would  be  powerless.  The  manu- 
facturer could  sue  for  any  damages  he  might  believe  he  had 
sustained  by  the  inclusion  of  his  product.  A  manufacturer  had 
recently  won  such  a  suit  in  Holland.  A  new  U.S.P.  could  not 
be  issued  for  every  change  in  color,  etc. 

Volatile  oils  have  been  the  hardest  subjects  the  committee 
has  had  to  deal  with.     In  its  work  the  members  have  had  the 


2S4 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


willingly  offered  assistance  of  many  throughout  the  country  and 
work  had  been  carried  on  in  many  laboratories.  The  phar- 
macopoeia is  in  no  way  the  work  of  one  man :  it  is  republican, 
democratic  and  progressive  at  one  and  the  same  time. 

One  of  the  worst  things  that  the  committee  could  do  would 
be  to  change  the  nomenclature.  The  Latinizing  of  official  titles 
is  done  because  I.citin  is  a  dead  language  and  to  a  great  extent 
universal.  Imagine  a  vernacular  U.S. P.  I  It  will  not  be 
necessary  after  this  to  wait  10  years  for  a  U.S. P.  Important 
and  necessary  changes  will  be  sent  out  every  so  often.  The 
only  difficulty  in  the  way  of  this  is  one  of  legality.  Would 
such  emendations  and  additions  be  binding  in  the  eyes  of  the 
law?    They  might  be  made  into  law  by  act  of  Congress. 

In  conclusion.  Professor  Remington  discoursed  upon  a  num- 
ber of  stereopticon  slides  depicting  pages  of  the  old  and  new 
U.S.P.'s.  Tentatively,  there  will  be  79S  articles  in  the  new 
U.S. P.  The  type  will  not  be  changed  to  any  great  e.\tent. 
He  advised  those  present  to  purchase  the  blue  cloth-bound 
books,  as  they  wore  well,  and  changes  might  be  made  within 
the  10  years.  Due  to  tlie  present  method  of  tanning,  the  sheep- 
bound  books  were  always  in  a  rotten  condition.  The  buckram- 
canvas-bound  copies  outlast  two  of  the  others,  the  bands 
tending  to  strengthen  the  corners.  The  lines,  as  well  as  the 
pages,  of  the  new  edition  will  be  numbered. 

Dr.  \V.  A.  Bastedo  opened  the  discussion  for  the  physicians. 
In  the  course  of  his  remarks  he  asserted  that  many  physicians 
were  beginning  to  say  they  couldn't  see  why  there  should  be 
two  books  of  standards.  Why  should  not  the  U.S. P.  be  broad 
enough  to  include  all  standards? 

The  U.S. P.,  said  Dr.  Bastedo,  is  not  a  text-book  for  phy- 
sicians. It  should,  if  you  will,  be  a  reference  for  physicians. 
Speaking  of  patented  preparations,  he  stated  that  these  could 
not  be  controlled  by  the  U.S. P.  The  manufacturer  is  his  own 
pharmacopoeia  and  can  be  held  to  nothing  but  the  patent  laws. 
There  is  nothing,  not  even  ethics,  to  hold  the  physician  to  the 
U.S. P.  It  should  contain  only  those  things  requiring  stand- 
ards. .\s  a  teacher  he  used  the  U.S. P.  very  little— there  is 
nothing  in  it  to  teach,  except  the  strengths  of  preparations. 
He  thought  that  it  would  be  an  e.xcellent  thing  for  the  U.S.P. 
to  recognize  abbreviations  since  all  physicians  abbreviated  as 
soon  as  they  got  to  writing  prescriptions  in  number.  Dr. 
Bastedo  concluded  by  stating  that  he  wanted  the  revision 
committee  to  take  plenty  of  time  and  get  out  a  good  complete 
work. 

John  Roemer  inquired  at  considerable  length  as  to  whether 
the  pharmacopoeia  met  the  demands  of  pharmacy.  He  ex- 
pressed the  opinion  that  some  of  the  sanctity  of  the  book  must 
be  shattered  before  this  question  is  answered. 

Other  speakers  were  Dr.  Jacob  Diner,  Mrs.  St.  Claire  M. 
Ransford-Gay,  Thomas  Latham,  Dr.  A'irgil  Coblentz,  Otto 
Raubenheime'r,  Professor  Charles  LaWall,  Prof.  E.  Fullerton 
Cook  and  Caswell  A.  Mayo. 


G.A.S.  TO  HOLD  ANNUAL  OUTING  JUNE   18. 


College    Point,  •  As    Usual,    To    Be    Scene    of    Annual 
Gathering — Kommers  Follows  the  May  Meeting. 

THE  usual  routine  of  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society 
meetings  was  cut  short  at  the  May  gathering  to  allow 
time  for  the  kommers.  Otto  P.  Gilbert,  chairman  of 
the  entertainment  committee,  called  attention  to  the  society's 
annual  outing  at  Witzel's  Pavilion,  College  Point,  to  be  held 
June  IS,  and  announced  that  the  members'  society  signs  would 
be  distributed  as  soon  as  the  contracts  for  return  in  case  of 
withdrawal  might  be  arranged. 

Otto  Raubenheimer,  George  T.  Riefflin.  Felix  Hirseman, 
Carl  Baum,  Robert  C.  Medl,  George  C.  Diekman  and  H.  \. 
Amy  were  appointed  as  delegates  to  the  N.Y.S.P.A.,  and 
$25  was  contributed  toward  the  expense.  Otto  Raubenheimer 
and  Hugo  Kantrowitz  were  appointed  delegates  to  the  N.J. 

President  Dr.  Charles  F.  Klippert  expressed  his  satisfaction 
relative  to  the  passage  of  the  Walters  bill  and  called  attention 
to  the  recent  ruling  that  the  word  "employees"  in  that  measure 
meant  all  drug-store  employees.  He  announced  that  an  ex- 
planatory report  on  the  Boylan  law  would  be  made  at  the 
next  meeting.  i    .  j 

C  E  Trautmann,  of  Jersey  City  Heights,  N.  J.,  was  elected 
■a  -member  F.  A.  Bongarts  conveyed  the  thanks  of  the  phar- 
macist who  had  been  aided  at  a  previous  meeting  by  taking  up 


a  collection.  This  aged  gentleman  had  thereby  tided  over  his 
troubles  and  his  son  now  has  a  position. 

Otto  P.  Gilbert  officiated  as  the  praeses  during  the  first  part 
of  the  kommers,  which  affair  was  started  with  a  lively  march 
rendered  by  the  society's  orchestra  consisting  of  Hellmuth 
Jarchow  (founder  of  the  orchestra),  who  played  cello;  C. 
Windiath,  R.  Werner,  O.  Satzinger,  violins;  M.  Lubalin, 
viola,  and  O.  Walter,   piano. 

Paul  F.  Roenne  was  in  charge  of  the  second  part,  the 
fidelitas.  Many  songs  were  participated  in  by  all  present,  a 
feature  being  the  singing  of  "Ergo  Bibamus,"  written  30  years 
ago  by  the  late  former  secretary  Ludwig  G.  W.  Ruprecht, 
father-in-law  of  ex-president  Charles  F.  Sclileussner.  It  was 
sung  by  all  present  at  one  of  the  society's  kommers  held  on 
Aug.  14,  1884.  .-Xmong  the  contributors  to  the  evening's  enter- 
tainment were  George  Leinecker,  George  Bruns,  William 
Roschen,  Max  Hirschberg,  Woldemar  Franz,  Carl  Wipper- 
niann,    Fred   Schaeffer,   Paul   .•\rndt.   Van   Heemert   and   others. 


DR.  BROTHERS  APPEARS  BEFORE  KINGS  CO.  PH.S. 


Evades  Pertinent  Queries  About  League  But  Thinks 
Society  Members  Are   Conveniently  Deaf,   Etc. 

DR.  SAMUEL  F.  BROTHERS  appeared  before  the  mem- 
bers of  the  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical  Society  at  its 
May  meeting,  held  at  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy, 
in  order,  it  was  thought,  to  explain  the  purposes  of  his  organi- 
zation, the  .\merican  Medico-Pharmaceutical  League.  Dr. 
Brothers  attended  in  response  to  an  invitation  extended  to  him 
by  the  society  following  its  tabling  for  a  month  the  appoint- 
ment of  delegates  to  the  League's  annual  convention  at  the 
Hotel  .^stor.  Dr.  Brothers  was  plainly  put  out  because 
President  Smith  introduced  him  as  "Mr."  Brothers,  evidently 
a  slip  of  the  tongue  on  the  former's  part,  and  one  for  which 
Mr.  Smith  immediately  apologized. 

Dr.  Brothers  read  a  paper,  after  which  the  members  pro- 
ceeded to  interrogate  him  as  to  the  work  his  organization  had 
accomplished  during  its  17  years  of  e-xistence,  the  number  of 
persons  in  attendance  at  its  last  convention  and  on  other 
pertinent  points.  Dr.  Brothers  did  not  answer  any  of  these 
queries  directly  while  the  Era  representative  was  present. 
He  did  observe  that  some  of  the  members  seemed  to  be  con- 
veniently deaf,  dumb  and  blind.  A  statement  in  some  of  the 
League's  literature,  taken  by  the  members  of  the  society  as  an 
attack  upon  them,  was  put  up  to  Dr.  Brothers  for  explanation. 
Dr.  Brothers  was  willing  to  apologize  for  anything  he  might 
have  said  or  done,  but  could  not  act  for  the  League's  executive 
committee.     The  society  did  not  appoint   delegates. 

Dr.  Joseph  Mayer  read  a  paper  upon  "Vleminckx's  Solu- 
tion," which  will  be  published  in  this  journal.  Treasurer 
Adrian  Paradis  reported  a  balance  on  hand  of  $315.  Secretary 
A.  E.  Hegeman  reported  that  he  had  just  completed  the  col- 
lection of  $250  in  dues.  Chairman  of  committee  on  super- 
vision, T.  J.  France,  reported  that  110  out  of  126  senior 
students  had  passed  their  examinations,  147  of  155  juniors 
and  29  of  31  post-graduates. 

Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  committee  on  legislation,  reported 
that  under  the  Boylan  law  the  members  had  only  to  add  the 
patient's  name  to  the  narcotic  prescription  label,  since  they 
were  already  fulfilling  the  other  label  requirements.  He  sug- 
gested that  they  write  the  patient's  and  the  purchaser's  names 
upon  these  prescriptions.  Dr.  Anderson  stated  that  the  Labor 
department's  inspectors  were  still  "on  the  job"  despite  the 
passage  of  the  Walters-Seeley  bill.  Dr.  J.  H.  Rehfuss  com- 
mented upon  the  reports  to  the  effect  that  some  up-State 
druggists  were  using  this  new  measure  as  a  cloak  for  the 
employment  of  minors  under  16  years  of  age.  He  character- 
ized liis  trick  as  an  injustice,  and  said  that  it  was  sure  to 
cause  the  Labor  department  to  push  legislation  which  would 
take  away  some  of  the  privileges  druggists  now  enjoy.  Con- 
siderable discussion  evolved  over  the  question  as  to  whether 
the  Boylan  bill  superseded  the  penal  code  in  relation  to  the 
renewal  of  narcotic  prescriptions. 

H.  J.  J.  Kassebaum,  the  society's  detail  man,  was  instructed 
to  spend  several  days  at  Rockaway  and  Far  Rockaway  in 
propaganda   work. 

Opium   Conference   Called   at  The  Hague. 
The  third  international  conference  on  the  opium  question  has 
been  called  to  meet  at  The  Hague,  beginning  June  IS. 


JuxE,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


285 


BROOKHATTAN    CLUB'S    ANNUAL    FUNCTION. 


Organization  of  Eiker-Heg-eman  Employees  Enjoy 
Vaudeville  Entertainment — Many  Stay  for  Dance. 
The  Brookhattan  Club,  membership  in  which  consists  of 
employees  of  Riker-Hegeman  Company,  held  its  third  annual 
entertainment  and  ball  at  Terrace  Garden  on  the  evening  of 
May  5.  The  Garden  was  crowded  to  capacity  with  members 
and  their  friends,  and  many  of  the  boxes  were  occupied  by 
managers,  trustees,  officials  and  stockholders  of  the  corporation. 
The  entertainment  consisted  of  seven  numbers  of  high-class 
vaudeville — right  from  the  theater — which  were  thoroughly  en- 
joyed. This  programme  was  followed  by  an  order  of  24 
dances,  "without  counting  all  the  extras."  The  Grand-Entree 
was  participated  in  by  several  hundred  couples.  The  officers 
of  the  club  are;  Honorary  president,  J.  A.  Crane;  president, 
W.  T.  Keeshan;  vice-president,  R.  Green;  treasurer,  F.  Trube; 
financial  secretary,  X.  P.  McLean;  recording  secretary,  C.  D. 
Chapman.  The  members  of  the  committee  of  arrangements 
were:  L.  A.  Luther,  H.  C.  Baer,  C.  X.  Harlow,  D.  A.  Mac- 
Cormack,  E.  P.  Hyatt,  A.  Peralta,  G.  E.  McKeon,  C.  G. 
Judge,  F.  Eisner,  A.  Catone,  P.  A.  Riley,  J.  D.  Jamieson, 
D.  Walsh,  G.  F.  Piatt,  C.  A.  Hewitt,  J.  M.  Shapiro,  C.  L. 
Nelson,  D.  McLaren,  H.  E.  Burget.  G.  H.  Bailey,  W.  L. 
Steffens,  T.  Breen,  R.  Searles,  G.  F.  Beach,  L.  Halk  and 
F.  Hans. 


Advisory   Council    Holds    Organization    Meeting. 

The  Advisory  Council  to  the  New  York  City  Department  of 
Health  held  its  first  meeting  on  May  1,  Commissioner  S.  S. 
Goldwater  presiding.  .About  50  members,  representing  various 
lines  of  professional  endeavor,  were  present,  among  them  being 
Jacob  H.  Rehfuss,  Thomas  Lamb,  J.  Leon  Lascoff  and  Dr. 
Wm.  C.  Anderson,  who  represented  the  drug  trade.  The  meet- 
ing was  called  for  the  purpose  of  organization  and  will  prob- 
ably be  the  only  one  at  which  all  the  members  will  be  in 
attendance,  the  Council  being  hereafter  broken  up  into  groups 
which  will,  when  requested,  advise  the  Commissioner  relative 
to  action  on  subjects  within  their  professional  jurisdiction. 
It  was  hinted,  so  it  is  reported,  that  the  restriction  of  the 
sale  of  paregoric  and  further  anti-narcotic  regulation  would 
be  subjects  for  early  consideration. 


The  Long  Island  Drug  Club. 
The  April  meeting  was  held  at  headquarters  and  with  a 
larger  attendance  than  the  previous  meeting.  The  order  of 
business  and  duties  of  the  club  were  curtailed  and  hastened  to 
a  finish  in  order  to  allow  for  a  social  time  and  refreshments. 
Twelve  new  members  were  accepted  and  the  names  of  the 
applicants  on  the  waiting  list  were  handed  over  to  the  chair- 
man of  the  membership  committee  for  further  investigation. 


AMONG  THE  ASSOCIATIONS. 


A  very  successful  sale  of  food  and  fancy  articles  was  held 
at  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy  in  St.  Botolph  street 
by  the  members  of  Boston  Chapter,  W.O.N.A.R.D.  Mrs. 
Mary  S.  Cooper,  of  Plymouth,  president  of  the  chapter,  re- 
ceived informally,  at  the  tea,  which  was  in  charge  of  members 
of  the  reception  committee.  The  pourers  were  Mrs.  Blanche 
Edmands,  Mrs.  Atkinson,  and  Mrs.  Olive  Lunt  Wilson.  A 
chafing-dish  supper  was  served  from  5  to  9  o'clock,  at  which 
the  hostesses  were  Mrs.  William  R.  Acheson,  Mrs.  Leopold 
Bartel,  Mrs.  Frances  J.  Connolly,  Mrs.  Truman  Hayes.  The 
committee  in  charge  of  the  unique  event  consisted  of  Mrs.  J.  F. 
Waterhouse,  chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee;  Mrs. 
Ethel  T.  Corner,  chairman  of  the  Household  Economics  com- 
mittee; Mrs.  William  R.  Acheson,  Mrs.  J.  A.  S.  Woodrow, 
Mrs.  H.  F.  LaPierre,  Mrs.  Marion  Guild,  Mrs.  Truman 
Hayes,  Mrs.  Blanche  Edmands,  Mrs.  Martha  Morey,  Mrs. 
Gertrude  Gammon,  Mrs.  Lillie  M.  Connolly,  Miss  Sallie  La- 
Pierre,  Mrs.  Bertha  Morrison,  Mrs.  Ellen  Connolly,  Mrs. 
Mary  R.  Green. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Woman's  Organization,  Boston 
Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  was  held  at  the  Hotel  Lenox, 
May  14,  when  the  following  officers  and  committees  were 
elected;  Mrs.  Mary  S.  Cooper,  of  Plymouth,  president;  Mrs. 
Frances  LaPierre  Hayes,  1st  vice-president ;  Mrs.  Gertrude 
Gammon,  2d  vice-president;  Mrs.  Mary  R.  Green,  recording 
secretary;    Mrs.   Gertrude   H.    Bartel,    corresponding   secretary; 


Mrs.  Gertrude  Ernst,  treasurer;  Mrs.  Lillie  M.  Connolly, 
auditor;  Mrs.  Harriet  C.  Davis,  Mrs.  Bertha  M.  Hubbard, 
Mrs.  Jennie  M.  Bean,  Mrs.  Bertha  G.  Tupper,  Mrs.  Blanche 
Edmands  and  Mrs.  Sarah  A.  Finneran,  directors.  Chairman 
of  standing  committees;  Home  economics,  Mrs.  Ella  S. 
Twitchell;  hospitality,  Mrs.  Olive  L.  Wilson;  legislative,  Mrs. 
Jessie  F.  Waterhouse;  music,  Mrs.  Susie  Magee;  philanthropy, 
Mrs.  Amelia  A.  Kilburn;  reception,  Mrs.  Ethel  T.  Corner; 
conservation,  Mrs.  Martha  Morey. 

The  Rock  County  Druggists'  .Association,  including  in  its 
membership  the  druggists  of  Rock  county.  Wis.,  held  its  annual 
meeting  at  the  Grand  Hotel  in  Janesville,  recently,  and  re- 
elected J.  P.  Baker,  of  Janesville,  president,  and  J.  M.  Fams- 
worth,  Beloit,  secretary  and  treasurer.  The  discussions  began 
with  a  noon-day  luncheon  and  continued  until  late  in  the  after- 
noon, the  questions  of  marketing  and  legislation  being  the 
leading  topics  considered.  In  the  evening  a  series  of  interest- 
ing pictures  were  shown  at  the  Myers  theater,  showing  the 
Druggists'  National  Home  at  Palmyra,  Wis.,  and  views  of 
natural  scenery  in  Wisconsin. 

A  reception,  luncheon  and  a  programme  of  music  were  fea- 
tures at  the  gentleman's  night  of  Chicago  Chapter,  Xo.  2, 
W.O.N.A.R.D.,  at  the  Hotel  LaSalle,  May  11.  Mrs.  B.  .\.  C. 
Hoelzer,  president  of  the  organization,  and  Mrs.  C.  D.  Collins, 
chairman  of  the  social  committee,  were  in  charge  of  the 
programme. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  McLean  County  (III.)  R.D.A. 
was  held  at  Bloomington,  when  the  following  officers  were 
elected;  President,  D.  D.  Moore;  vice-president,  C.  F.  Frison; 
secretary.  H.  W.  Giese;  treasurer,  H.  J.  Frey;  trustees,  Mark 
Hayes,  Imri  Dunn  and  R.  R.   Enlow. 

The  Nashville  Penslar  Club  has  been  organized  with  the 
following  officers;  President,  D.  J.  Kuhn ;  treasurer,  G.  H. 
King;  secretary,  D.  S.  Sanders. 


Schools  and  Colleges 


139  RECEIVE   DIPLOMAS  FROM   BROOKLYN  C.P. 


Ot.    Anderson   Confers   Degrees   Upon    110    Graduates 
and  29  Postgraduates — Dr.  Boynton  Addresses  Class. 

AN  audience  brimful  with  enthusiasm  and  made  up  for 
the  most  part  of  the  relatives  and  friends  of  the  gradu- 
ates, attended  the  23d  annual  commencement  of  the 
Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy  on  the  evening  of  May  14, 
held  at  the  Brooklyn  .Academy  of  Music.  The  stage  was 
occupied  by  the  110  graduates,  the  29  post-graduates,  the  trus- 
tees, faculty  and  others  participating  in  the  graduation.  The 
Rev.  John  Williams,  M.A.,  delivered  the  invocation,  after 
which  Dean  Dr.  William  C.  Anderson  conferred  the  degrees 
of  Doctor  of  Pharmacy  and  presented  the  diplomas  to  those 
so  honored.  Following  the  salutatory,  which  was  very  ably 
presented  by  Joseph  Caruso,  Dr.  -Anderson  conferred  the 
degree  of  Graduate  in  Pharmacy  upon  110.  Max  Weinstein 
delivered   the  valedictory  address. 

Nehemiah  Boynton,  D.D..  de!i\ered  the  address  to  the 
graduates,  one  phrase  of  his  address,  "the  appreciation  and 
appropriation  of  law,"  being  driven  home  to  the  audience  by 
anecdote  and  by  constant  but  forcible  repetition.  The  presi- 
dent of  the  college,  Henry  B.  Smith,  awarded  the  prizes. 
Julius  Zippin  received  the  post-graduate  gold  medal ;  Isidore 
Hamburger,  the  senior  student  gold  medal;  Jacob  Bankoff, 
senior  student  silver  medal ;  Isidor  Goldenberg,  senior  student 
bronze  medal ;  Edward  J.  Taylor,  senior  student  .Anderson  medal ; 
William  Cohen,  junior  student  silver  medal;  Sol  Greenbaum, 
post-graduate  membership  to  A.Ph..\.,  same  being  represented 
by  a  certificate  which  was  tendered  Mr.  Greenbaum,  and  Harry 
A.  Read,  senior  student  A.Ph.A.  membership.  Some  amuse- 
ment was  caused  by  Mr.  Cohen,  the  junior  student  honored, 
who  after  extricating  himself  from  the  crowded  balcony, 
marched  down  the  center  aisle  only  to  be  turned  back  at  the 
foot  of  the  platform  and  made  to  retrace  his  footsteps  and 
come  to  the  front  by  another  aisle.  After  Mr.  Cohen  had 
made  his  long  march  it  was  the  conclusion  of  some  of 
those  present  that  he  had  doubly  earned  his  medal. 

Henry  J.  J.  Kassebaum,  Ph.G.,  Phar.D.,  president  of  the 
.'\lumni   Association,   presented   the  alumni   prize,   a   compound 


2S6 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[June,  1914 


microscope,  to  a  senior  student,  Jacob  Rutes.  Professor  A. 
Lohness,  secretary  of  the  faculty,  read  tlie  honor  rolls,  which 
are  as  follows: 

Senior  class:  Jacob  Bankoff,  Henry  Barrack,  Charles  Bushel, 
Solomon  H.  Chram,  Charles  Dwork,  Isidor  Goldenbcrg, 
Isidore  Hamburger,  Harry  Kimmelman,  Louis  Ludwig,  An- 
drew F.  Phillips,  Harry  A.  Read,  Jacob  Rutes,  Joseph  Suclioff, 
Edward  J.  Taylor  and  Bessie  Weiss. 

Junior  class:  Elias  Andelson,  William  H.  Arndt,  Ada  Ber- 
man,  Joseph  A.  Blumenfeld,  Samuel  H.  Chester,  William 
Cohen,  Samuel  M.  Fass,  Isidor  Fine,  Samuel  B.  Frischberg, 
Anna  Greenspoon,  Nathan  Grushoo,  Morris  Hirschfeld,  Ed- 
ward Homey,  Jaques  Klein,  William  J.  Kurtz,  Samuel  Jurow, 
Rose  Joondeph,  Francis  Levine,  Nathan  Levcnthal,  Benjamin 
Levin,  Isaac  Masarsky,  Meyer  Menaker,  James  Paderson, 
Herman  Peck,  Bernard  Pinnes,  Henry  A.  Riebesehl,  Emanuel 
Rosenberg,  Abraham  Rutenberg,  Joseph  N.  Scher,  Bernard 
Schrager,  Henry  D.  Schwartz,  Charles  Sharooff,  Irving  Silver, 
Samuel  Solomon,  William  Telsey,  Samuel  Tuchband,  Curt 
Unverhau,  Hersh  Weinberg,  Morris  Wolf  and  Ludwig  Zwilling. 


Brooklyn  C.P.  Graduates  Give  Dance. 
The  1914  class  of  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy  held  its 
graduation  dance  on  the  evening  of  May  11  at  the  Arcadia, 
Brooklyn,  the  affair  being  attended  by  the  members  of  the 
class,  members  of  the  Alumni  Association,  the  junior  and  post- 
graduate classes  and  the  faculty.  Features  were  the  presenta- 
tion of  a  huge  bouquet  of  American  Beauty  roses  to  Mrs. 
Prof.  Wra.  C.  .-Vnderson,  and  an  exhibition  of  tlie  maxi.xe  by 
Martin  H.  Kleine,  '06,  and  Miss  Charlotte  H.  Gleeson.  The 
officers  of  the  graduating  class  were:  President,  Harry  M. 
Sorowitz;  vice-president,  Harry  A.  Read;  secretary,  Jacob 
Bankoff;  treasurers,  Abraham  Lerner,  Minnie  Sachs,  Gustave 
Smith  and  Ma.x  Weinstein. 


Albany  College  of  Pharmacy. 
The  33d  annual  commencement  of  the  .'\lbany  College  of 
Pharmacy  was  held  in  the  auditorium  of  the  State  Education 
building,  41  members  of  the  graduating  class  receiving 
diplomas.  The  exercises  were  presided  over  by  Dean  Willis 
G.  Tucker,  jM.D.,  and  the  degrees  were  conferred  by  Chan- 
cellor Richmond,  of  Union  University.  The  address  to  the 
graduates  was  made  by  Commissioner  of  Education  Finley, 
and  the  prizes  were  awarded  by  Prof.  G.  A'.  Dillenbeck,  Ph.G. 
Emmanuel  Brunt,  of  Johnstown,  won  three  of  the  four  senior 
class  prizes,  taking  the  Arthur  L.  Andrews  prize  for  the  best 
standing  in  all  branches;  the  Charles  Newman  prize  for  the 
best  work  in  chemistry,  and  the  Alumni  prize  for  the  best 
work  in  pharmacy.  Each  prize  was  $25  in  cash.  Walter  M. 
Hartman  won  the  Dr.  J.  M.  Bigelow  prize  of  $25  for  the 
best  work  in  materia  medica.  Lloyd  Arthur  Beardsley  won 
the  two  junior  prizes,  one  of  $25  offered  by  Charles  Gibson 
for  the  best  examination  in  all  branches,  and  the  Kappa  Psi 
prize  of  $10  for  the  best  examination  in  theoretical  pharmacy. 


New  Colorado  Chapter  of  Phi  Delta  Chi. 
Sigma  chapter  of  the  pharmaceutical  fraternity,  Phi  Delta 
Chi,  has  been  organized  at  the  School  of  Pharmacy,  University 
of  Colorado,  with  10  active  and  one  honorary  member.  Dean 
Homer  C.  Washburn.  The  initiation  was  conducted  by  Prof. 
Hansen,  of  the  Nebraska  School  of  Pharmacy,  Lincoln,  Neb., 
and  Mr.  Gessler,  of  the  Iowa  School  of  Pharmacy,  Ames,  la. 
The  ceremony  was  followed  by  a  banquet  at  the  Boulderado 
Hotel,  at  which  the  visiting  professors,  Dr.  Drinkwater,  of 
Denver,  Prof.  Washburn  and  others  spoke.  The  active  mem- 
bers of  the  chapter  were  formerly  organized  in  what  was 
known  as  the  Pharmacy  Club. 


College  of  Pharmacy,  State  University  of  Iowa. 

Five  members  of  the  1914  class  passed  the  last  State  Board 
examination:  Maude  Wieland,  Red  Oak,  Iowa;  Nellie  Man- 
beck,  Armour,  So.  Dak.;  F.  P.  Hess,  Ubne  Tree,  Iowa;  J.  F. 
Kiedaisch,  Keokuk,  Iowa;  B.  G.  Greene,  Traer,  Iowa.  At  the 
same  examination  ]Mrs.  .Anderson,  Dow  City,  became  registered. 
Mrs.  Anderson  is  the  wife  of  I.  A.  Anderson,  who  was  gradu- 
ated in   1909. 

At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Mortar  and  Pestle  Society,  F.  P. 
Hess,  '14,  discussed  in  an  interesting  way  the  question  of  how 
to  make  satisfied  customers.  At  the  nexf  meeting  Dr.  C.  S. 
Chase  will  address  the  society. 


The  faculty  and  members  of  the  senior  class  were  enter- 
tained at  a  reception  at  the  president's  house  on  the  evening 
of  May  5. 

The  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  hold  their  annual  June 
examination  at  Iowa  City  on  Tuesday,   June  9. 

Dean  Teeters  accepted  an  invitation  to  give  the  annual  con- 
vocation address  at  the  University  of  Nebraska,  May  14  at 
the  time  of  the  week  of  celebration  for  the  pharmacy  college. 
The  annual  report  of  the  University  Hospital  Dispensary 
under  the  charge  of  the  pharmacy  college  shows  the  following 
interesting  data: 

Total  number  dispensing  hours  for  the  year....  911 
Total  number  dispensing  hours  for  the  students  360 
Total  number  prescriptions  and  drug  orders  for 

the   year    30,958 

Tot:il  amount  spent  for  pharmaceuticals  includ- 
ing   biological    products $8,000 

.Approximately  65  per  cent,  of  the  preparations  were  pre- 
pared by  the  pliarmacy  college  witli  a  saving  of  cost  of  about 
$2600. 


Kansas  City  College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  29th  annual  commencement  of  the  Kansas  City  College 
of  Pharmacy  was  held  May  7  at  Spaulding's  Auditorium, 
when  17  graduates  received  their  diplomas.  The  dean.  Prof. 
David  V.  Whitney,  presided,  and  prayer  was  offered  by  the 
Rev.  J.  B.  Swinney.  The  college  medal  for  the  highest  general 
average  and  the  alumni  medal  for  the  highest  grade  in  the 
chemical  laboratory  work  were  won  by  Ralph  E.  Foster,  of 
Perry,  Oklahoma.  James  F.  Flynn,  of  Kansas  City,  and 
Roscoc  M.  Hutchinson,  of  Aurora,  Mo.,  won  honorable  men- 
tion. In  the  junior  class  Giles  E.  Wickshire,  of  Earned, 
Kan.,  won  the  college  medal  for  the  highest  general  average, 
and  Douglas  Laudermilk,  Harry  Kelly  and  Thomas  S.  Evilsizer 
won  honorable  mention.  The  party  given  the  graduates  by 
the  alumni  association  was  at  Drexel  Hall,  and  was  a  very 
enjoyable  affair.  The  reception  committee  was  made  up  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  .Alvah  Estabrook,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  D.  Victory 
Whitney,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  Glazier  Williams,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
John  B.  Massman,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Ben  L.  Welsh,  Dr.  and 
Mrs.  Virginius  W.  Gayle,  Dr.  and  Mrs.  L.  G.  Taylor,  Dr. 
and  Mrs.  Robert  D .    Ireland  and  others. 

The  faculty  and  the  graduating  class  were  guests  of  Parke, 
Davis  &  Co.,  at  luncheon,  two  or  three  days  prior  to  gradua- 
tion,  and  after  this  visited  the  local  house. 

Nick  S.  Neylon,  a  junior  from  Paola  passed  the  last  Okla- 
homa State  Board  examination  with  exceptionally  good  grades. 
He  received  95  per  cent,  in  chemistry  and  93  per  cent,  in 
pharmacy. 

The  graduating  class  were  the  guests  of  Prof,  and  Mrs. 
Whitney,  of  the  McPike  Drug  Co. ;  Faxon,  Gallagher  and 
of  Eli  Lilly  &   Co.  during  the  week  preceding  conmnencement. 


Lotiisville  College   of  Pharmacy. 

The  largest  graduation  class  in  the  history  of  the  Louisville 
College  of  Pharmacy  received  diplomas  at  the  43d  commence- 
ment exercises  at  the  Women's  Club,  Louisville,  May  11 — 29 
in  all.  The  diplomas  were  presented  by  Simon  N.  Jones, 
president  of  the  college,  and  the  address  to  the  graduates  was 
made  by  the  Rev.  J.  T.  Schieffelin.  Sterling  T.  Monroe,  of 
Auburn,  Ky.,  was  the  valedictorian. 


University  of  Maryland. 
The  graduation  exercises  of  the  University  of  Maryland, 
including  the  Department  of  Pharmacy,  were  announced  for 
June  1.  The  graduating  class  of  the  Department  of  Pharmacy 
includes  about  25  members.  With  the  next  academic  year  the 
requirements  of  the  university  as  to  matriculation  will  be 
raised,  making  it  necessary  for  students  to  have  at  least  a 
high  school  or  even  a  college  education,  and  thus  complying 
with  the  standards  adopted  by  other  leading  institutions. 
Dr.  Henry  P.  Hynson,  of  the  drug  firm  of  Hynson,  Westcott 
&  Co.,  who  holds  the  chair  of  practical  pharmacy  and  dis- 
pensing at  the  university,  has  been  elected  secretary  of  the 
Board  of  Regents  of  the  University. 


Massachusetts  C.  of  P. 

The  46th  commencement  exercises  of  the  Massachusetts 
College  of  Pharmacy  were  held  at  Horticultural  Hall,  Boston, 
May  14,  32  receiving  the  degree  of  graduate  in  pharmacy,  ancl 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHAEMACEUTICAL    BRA 


287 


seven  that  of  pharmaceutical  chemist.  The  exercises  included 
an  address  of  welcome,  by  Charles  P.  Norton;  class  history, 
by  Edward  L.  Faucogney;  class  oration,  by  Joseph  H.  Cooney; 
class  prophecy,  by  Ralph  E.  Coburn;  class  will,  by  Alice  G. 
Coleman;  essay  by  John  D.  Clancy;  farewell  address,  by 
Robert  E.  Bemis.  President  C.  Herbert  Packard  was  the 
presiding  officer,  and  the  address  to  the  graduates  was  made 
by  Hon.  Samuel  W.  McCall. 


from   distant   cities   to   attend.     The   speeches   were   limited   to 
three   minutes   and   every   member   present   was   heard   from. 


NEW    YORK    C.    OF   P.    GRADUATES    138. 


BEFORE  an  appreciative  audience  composed  of  their  sis- 
ters and  their  cousins  and  their  aunts — an  audience  so 
enthusiastic  that  it  applauded  every  feature  of  the  even- 
ing, including  the  invocation — 138  young  men  and  women 
received  their  degrees  at  the  84th  annual  commencement  of 
the  College  of  Pharmacy  in  the  city  of  New  York  May  14. 
Of  this  number,  five  were  women,  and  two  graduated  as  food 
and  drug  analysts. 

Dr.  Henry  C.  Lovis  led  the  class  during  the  opening  cere- 
monies, up  to  the  patriotic  decorations  of  the  stage,  where 
the  faculty,  trustees  and  officers  were  already  assembled.  After 
a  brief  address  by  President  Nicholas  Murray  Butler,  of 
Columbia  University,  Secretary  Thomas  F.  Main  presented  the 
names  of  the  candidates  for  the  degree  of  Graduate  in  Phar- 
macy, which  was  conferred  by  President  Butler.  Dean  H.  H. 
Rusby  then  presented  two  names  as  candidates  for  food  and 
drug  certificates.  In  his  address  to  the  graduates,  President 
Butler  dwelt  on  the  American  viewpoint,  by  which  a  man's 
opportunities  furnished  the  measure  of  the  responsibilities  he 
was  expected  to  assume. 

The  Alumni  prizes  for  general  excellence  were  presented  by 
Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein,  as  follows:  1st  prize,  gold  medal,  to 
Edward  J.  Kodet;  2d  prize,  silver  medal,  to  Jacob  Maria- 
novvsky;  3d  prize,  bronze  medal,  to  Boris  Gourin.  The 
Trustees'  special  prizes,  consisting  of  small  steel  engravings  of 
famous  Americans  valued  at  $100,  were  awarded  by  Prof. 
Charles  F.  Chandler,  professor  emeritus  of  chemistry  at  Colum- 
bia, and  former  president  of  the  college.  The  first  prize,  for 
highest  standing  in  the  chemical  laboratory,  went  to  Boris 
Gourin.  The  second  prize,  for  excelling  in  the  pharmaceutical 
laboratory,  was  awarded  to  Herman  J.  Godes,  and  the  third 
prize,  for  best  work  in  the  materia  medica  laboratory,  was 
received  by  Edward  J.  Kodet.  The  prize  of  the  Italian  Phar- 
maceutical Society,  consisting  of  a  gold  medal  for  the  highest 
average  in  the  five  laboratory  branches,  went  to  Jacob  Maria- 
nowsky.  In  presenting  the  prize,  Dr.  William  Mansfield  called 
attention  to  the  increased  attendance  of  Italian  students  at  the 
college,  the  senior  class  containing  20,  and  the  present  junior 
class  25,  as  against  5  in  all  only  two  years  ago. 

The  roll  of  honor  follows: 

Edward  J.  Kodet,  Jacob  Marianowsky,  Boris  Gourin,  Her- 
man J.  Godes,  Harry  Gittleman,  Michele  De  Lalla,  Brooke  J. 
Davis,  William  Zibulsky,  Cosimo  Ligorio,  Louis  Reiss,  Orrin 
Hertz,  Samuel  Kaplan  and  David  Chasan.  Dr.  George  C. 
Diekman  commented  favorably  on  the  high  standard  of  scholar- 
ship that  was  being  maintained.  He  stated  that  the  examina- 
tions of  this  year  had  been  more  difficult  than  in  any  pre- 
ceding year,  yet  that  the  highest  graduate  this  year  had 
received  an  average  mark  only  0.17  per  cent,  lower  than  the 
first  prize  winner  of  last  year,  while  the  last  name  on  this 
year's  honor  roll  was  more  than  2  per  cent,  higher  than  the 
corresponding  average  of  1913. 

The  valedictory  address  was  delivered  by  Lucius  Angus 
Williams,  of  Brockport,  N.  Y.  The  invocation  and  benedic- 
tion were  made  by  Rev.  Raymond  C.  Knox,  chaplain  of 
Columbia  University.  The  music  of  Van  Baar's  military  band 
set  a  high  standard  for  future  commencements. 


N.Y.C.P.   Class  of   1894  Holds  Reunion. 

A  reunion  and  dinner  to  celebrate  the  20th  anniversary  of 
the  graduation  of  the, class  of  1894  was  held  at  Cavanagh's, 
in  April,  and  attended  by  52  members  of  the  class  and  by 
Professors  Coblentz,  Ferguson  and  Madison.  The  class  de- 
cided to  make  it  an  annual  event,  and  perfected  a  permanent 
organization  by  electing  the  following  officers :  President, 
Hieronimus  A.  Herold;  vice-president,  Peter  J.  Ehrgott;  treas- 
urer, Philip  Eichler;  historian.  Nelson  S.  Kirk;  secretary, 
Frank  N.  Pond.  The  dinner  was  purely  a  family  gathering, 
only  members  of  the  class  being  present,  many  of  them  coming 


University   of  Michigan  School   of  Pharmacy. 

Dr.  W.  S.  Hubbard,  instructor  in  food  and  drug  analysis 
and  acting-secretary,  who  has  had  charge  of  Dr.  Schlotterbeck's 
classes  during  his  two  years'  leave  ot  absence,  has  resigned. 
Dr.  Hubbard  has  no  definite  plans  for  the  future. 

C.  A.  Onweller,  Ph.C,  '13,  has  recently  purchased  an  in- 
terest in  a  store  in  Fayette,  Ohio.  The  new  firm  is  known 
as  Onweller  &  Onweller. 

M.  J.  Seeley,  E.S.  (Pharm.),  '13,  recently  had  an  article 
on  "Vinegar  Production  and  Adulteration"  in  the  Oregon 
Countryman, 

R.  F.  Smith,  Swanton,  Ohio,  and  C.  P.  Field,  Grand  Rapids, 
were  initiated  into  the  honorary  chemical  fraternity.  Phi 
Lambda  Upsilon,  recently.  Mr.  Smith  has  the  honor  of  being 
the  only  sophomore  out  of  the  eight  initiations. 

Mrs.  A.  B.  Stevens  returned  to  Ann  Arbor  the  first  part  of 
May  after  a  year  and  a  half  in  Southern  California,  where 
Professor  Stevens  has  purchased  a  lemon  and  orange  grove. 

Most  of  the  seniors  are  located  for  the  coming  year,  and 
from  present  indications,  there  will  be  about  half  enough  men 
to  fill  the  positions. 

Prof.  A.  H.  Clark,  of  the  University  of  Illinois  School  of 
Pharmacy,  spent  several  days  in  Ann  Arbor  recently. 

The  Summer  session  of  the  School  of  Pharmacy  will  extend 
from  June  29  to  August  21  (eight  weeks).  The  courses  will 
include:  Theory  of  Pharmacy;  Manufacturing  Pharmacy;  Drug 
Assay;  Food  and  Drug  Analysis;  Household  Chemistry.  The 
course  in  Food  and  Drug  Analysis  is  especially  recommended 
to  those  who  desire  to  prepare  for  Government  positions,  while 
the  course  in  Household  Chemistry,  with  the  privilege  of  taking 
laboratory  work  in  connection,  offers  an  excellent  opportunity 
for  pharmacists  and  high-school  teachers  to  become  familiar 
with  the  most  important  branch  of  chemistry.  The  course  will 
be  given  under  the  direction  of  Prof.  A.  B.  Stevens,  acting- 
dean  of  the  School  of  Pharmacy. 


Northwestern    University    School    of    Pharmacy. 

The  graduating  exercises  of  Northwestern  University  School 
of  Pharmacy  were  held  April  15,  a  class  of  56  receiving  the 
degree  of  Graduate  in  Pharmacy.  The  address  to  the  gradu- 
ating class  was  delivered  by  Doctor  Charles  Louis  Mix,  sec- 
retary of  Northwestern  University  Medical  School.  Dean  John 
H.  Long  presented  the  class  with  their  diplomas,  and  the 
degrees  were  conferred  by  President  A.  W.  Harris,  of  the 
university.  The  presentation  of  the  class  picture  was  made 
by  Carl  Lee  Myers,  vice-president  of  the  class.  The  following 
received  diplomas:  Paul  J.  Binek,  Maurice  D.  Blackburn, 
Clarence  E.  Buchholz,  Victor  E.  Czarhurski,  Elmer  L.  Dahl, 
Paul  A.  Dahl,  Joe  Donner,  Walter  F.  Deitrich,  Brook  Farver, 
Roy  A.  Fortun,  Henry  Fox,  George  Gyllenhammer,  Roy  L. 
Haines,  Lew  B.  Hamilton,  Walter  C.  Hanna,  Charles  S. 
Hocking,  Lloyd  Holland,  Frank  V.  Kara,  Michael  J.  Kerwin, 
Zdenek  Koller,  Kenneth  A.  Lea,  Robert  C.  Ledfoid,  Alvin  J. 
D.  Lenz,  Harry  E.  Lewis,  Robert  S.  Lothian,  Edward  A. 
Luria,  William  F.  McRoberts,  Richard  H.  Merritt,  Armand  R. 
Monaco,  Clyde  R.  Moore,  James  W.  Moore,  Carl  L.  Myers, 
Heman  F.  Oglesby,  John  H.  O'Leary,  Earl  R.  Palmer,  Glen 
H.  Parker,  Harold  K.  Parkison,  Jonathan  B.  Patton,  Joseph  P. 
Pavek,  Jarmes  A.  Pierce,  Hosmer  B.  Porter,  Vernett  J.  Rees, 
Thomas  E.  Ryan,  William  J.  Shelver,  Earl  F.  Shippy,  Isadora 
Shure,  John  D.  Skowron,  Kenneth  A.  Sprinkle,  Harry  E. 
Stearns,  Nelson  M.  Thomas,  Paul  G.  Tschanan,  Earl  C.  von 
Ohlen,  Earl  G.  Wheeler,  George  Wilcox,  Harry  C.  Wilson, 
C.  M.  N.  Wrobleski. 


Buffalo  Colleg-e   of  Pharmacy. 

The  alumni  of  this  college  in  Rochester  and  vicinity  united 
with  the  alumni  of  the  other  departments  of  the  University 
of  Buffalo  in  holding  the  first  University  Alumni  dinner,  in 
the  city  of  Rochester,  at  the  Rochester  Club,  with  an  at- 
tendance of  125.  The  Buffalo  men  went  down  and  returned 
in  a  private  car,  furnishing  all  the  comforts  possible  for  such 
a  trip.  A  permanent  organization  was  effected  in  which  the 
pharmacy  college  was  represented  by  George  M.  Gilbert  as 
secretary,  and  Floyd  M.  Kline  as  member  of  the  e.xecutive 
committee.  Dr.  Charles  R.  Barber,  of  the  class  of  '82,  medical 
department,  was  the  toastmaster,  and  Dean  Willis  G.  Gregory, 


288 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


a  medical  classmate  of  Dr.  Barber's,  spoke  for  the  pharmacy 
college.  Steps  were  taken  to  repeat  the  dinner  ne.xt  Winter. 
Alumni  of  the  college  who  had  not  met  in  10  years  renewed 
their  acquaintance,  and  the  affair  was  a  brilliant  success. 


Indianapolis  College  of  Pharmacy. 
Twenty-one  voung  men  graduated  from  the  Indianapolis 
College  of  Pharmacy.  Indianapolis,  the  diplomas  being  given 
at  a  banquet  at  the  Hotel  Severin  in  that  city.  Frank  Lock- 
hart,  president  of  the  class,  presided;  Dr.  Ferd  A.  Mueller, 
dean  of  the  college,  presented  the  diplomas;  E.  H.  Kiles,  of 
the  faculty,  also  spoke  briefly.  The  .-Mumni  .Association  elected 
the  following  officers;  Pres  dent,  E.  H.  Xiles;  vice-president, 
Rex  Rudicell;  secretary,  F.  M.  Sieg,  and  treasurer,  Frank 
Lockhart.  The  junior  class  also  gave  a  banquet  at  the  Hotel 
Severin.  The  officers  of  the  class  are ;  President,  Edwin 
Stuckmeyer;  vice-president,  James  White,  and  secretary  and 
treasurer,  William  Jenkins. 


University  of  Wisconsin. 
Work  in  prescription  practice  and  pharmaceutical  technology 
will  be  offered  during  the  Summer  session  at  the  University 
of  Wisconsin,  located  at  Madison,  in  the  regular  Summer 
school  which  will  open  during  the  latter  part  of  June.  The 
new  courses  are  primarily  for  the  benefit  of  apprentices  em- 
ployed in  drug  stores,  who  wish  to  avail  themselves  of  practical 
training,  and  it  is  e,Kpected  that  many  will  make  use  of  the 
opportunities  offered.  Fully-equipped  laboratories  and  a  dis- 
pensarj-,  containing  all  of  the  U.S. P.  galenicals,  chemicals  and 
crude  drugs  for  comparative  study,  a  milling  room  and  a  dis- 
tilling and  e.'rtracting  room,  will  be  open  to  the  students. 


Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy. 
The  annual  banquet  of  Mu  Chapter,  Kappa  Psi  Fraternity, 
of  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy,  was  he!d  at  the 
Copley  Square  Hotel,  Boston,  with  an  attendance  of  45.  The 
guests  included  Dean  Bradley.  Prof.  Elie  H.  LaPierre,  Dr.  J. 
F.  Grant  and  Dr.  .\.  W.  Balch.  Dr.  Leopold  Bartel  presided, 
and  the  committee  in  charge  comprised  R.  E.  Bemis,  chairman; 
E.  G.  Xagle.  R.  M.  Kallejian,  F.  J.  Wotton,  P.  A.  Barnes 
and  Harry  McCormick. 


Department  of  Pharmacy,  University  of  Maryland. 
The  first  annual  banquet  of  the  class  of  1915,  Department 
of  Pharmacy,  University  of  Maryland,  was  held  at  the  New 
Howard,  Baltimore.  The  president  of  the  class,  A.  L.  H. 
Sterling,  presided  and  addresses  were  made  by  Dr.  H.  P. 
Hj-nson,  professor  of  practical  pharmacy  and  dispensing;  Dr. 
E.  F.  Kelly,  also  of  the  faculty,  and  W.  Ramond  Moody,  a 
former  professor  of  Washington  College,  who  discoursed  on 
"College  Men  and  Social  Service."  The  University  of  Mary- 
land Orchestra  furnished  music. 


University  of  Washington,  College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  members  of  the  Pharmacy  Club  were  delightfully  enter- 
tained by  Dean  and  Mrs.  C.  W.  Johnson  at  the  Faculty  Club 
House  on  the  campus  recently.  Dancing  and  cards  were  the 
diversions  of  the  evening  and  refreshments  were  served. 

Ray  B.  Conner,  Ph.C,  '12,  former  State  drug  inspector,  of 
Washington,  has  accepted  a  position  with  the  Murgittroyd 
Drug  Co.,  of  Spokane. 

The  Pharmacy  Club  gave  their  annual  picnic  on  May  16  at 
Evergreen  Park,  near  Bremerton.  .\  launch  was  chartered  and 
about  30  couples  enjoyed  the  trip  across  the  sound.  The  day's 
amusements  cons'sted  of  games,  boating  and  a  visit  to  the 
U.S.  Navy  Yard. 

Lectures  on  "Perfumes  and  Flavors." 
Dr.  .'\lois  von  Isakovics  lectured  before  the  Institute  of  -Arts 
and  Sciences  and  the  senior  students  in  organic  chemistry  at 
Columbia  University  at  Havemeyer  Hall  on  May  8,  taking  as 
his  subject  "Perfumes  and  Flavors,  the  materials  utilized,  their 
chemistry,  synthesis  and  practical  application."  He  covered 
the  subject  from  both  the  scientific  and  practical  viewpoints, 
and  mentioned  a  number  of  new  constituents  of  flower  per- 
fumes not  commonly  known  as  such.  The  specimens  of  con- 
stituents of  perfumes  and  flavoring  oils  from  the  Chandler 
Museum  of  the  University,  supplied  by  courtesy  of  the  lecturer, 
excited  much  favorable  comment.  Some  of  the  novel  points 
made  by  the  lecturer  will  be  presented  in  a  forthcoming  issue. 


100,000  Students  Enrolled  in  Professional  Schools. 
.■\ccording  to  the  recent  report  of  the  U.S.  Bureau  of  Edu- 
cation there  are  100,(100  students  enrolled  in  professional  schools 
in  the  United  States  this  year.  The  profession  of  trained- 
nurse  has  the  largest  number  of  students,  34,417.  Law  comes, 
next  with  20,878;  medicine,  with  17,238;  theology,  with  10,965; 
dentistry,  with  8015;  pharmacy,  with  6165;  and  veterinary 
science  with  2824.  New  York  has  the  greatest  number  of 
students  m  pro'essional  schools,  with  Illinois  second  and 
Pennsylvania,  Massachusetts  and  Missouri  following  in  order. 


Desigrn  for  Procter  Statue  Approved. 

A  model  submitted  by  Sculptor  Edward  Berge,  of  Baltimore, 
for  a  statue  to  be  erected  in  Washington  in  the  memory  of 
the  late  Pro'.  William  Procter,  Jr.,  has  been  accepted  by 
a  committee  of  50  members  of  the  N.J. Ph. A.  The  committee 
adopted  resolutions  requesting  the  A. Ph. A.  to  adopt  Mr. 
Berge's  design,  whicli  calls  for  a  statue  9  feet  in  height  on  a 
pedestal  8   feet   high. 


Board  Examinations 


California. 

SAX  FRANCISCO,  May  20.— At  the  recent  examinations  held 
under  the  direction  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  the  following 
applicants   for  registration  were   successful: 

Pharmacists — \V.  A.  Mathison,  Harry  B.  Molyneaux,  Hermann 
Karnell,  Philip  Diamond,  Frank  Carlisle,  Grover  F.  Bowman,  Geo. 
M.  Asselin,  \V.  C.  Paschall,  James  T.  Smith,  Rollo  H.  Hilbert. 
Arthur  Shockey,  L.  Wrampelmeier,  Charles  M.  Caton,  Garrett  S. 
Lehman.  W.  L.  Mason,  John  Aiphonso  Sasso,  Wilson  O.  Gibbs» 
Walter  J.  Cadman,  Bella  G.  Ginsburg,  P.  J.  Neale,  H.  C.  Heffren^ 
rtnthony  Tripi,  Henry  W.  Swanson,  Gilbert  Flores,  Cecil  M. 
Carpenter,  Reginald  H.  Winter,  Victor  O.  Saphro,  James  E.  Raw* 
lings,  Charles  A.  Elliott,  W.  O.  Rogers,  Kire  L.  Clock,  Percy  Geo. 
Linn,  Isidore  A.  Melnick,  Louis  A>  Hopkins,  Dee  J.  Brown,  M.  A^ 
Martindale,  Alfred  Mathews,  Agnes  D.  Fairweather,  Lester  Gaw-- 
throp,  Chas.  M.  Garrett,  Mary  C.  Nolan,  G.  H.  Lewin,  Willard  E. 
Frieze,  Stanley  L.  Crandall,  Frank  M.  Bos  well,  Jr.,  Basil  Raoull 
Clark,  Edward  A.  Yount,  Thomas  B.  Powell,  Samuel  L.  Benson^ 
Wm.  Deeson  McCarroll,  Wesley  C.  Burr,  Fred  C.  Leland,  Lew  O. 
Stelzner, 

Assistants — Joseph  E.  Ostrom,  Florence  M.  Dunlap,  Walter  J.. 
Miles,  Carlo  Leone,  Farrel  L.  McGowan,  John  E.  Booth,  Jos.  A. 
.aaggetti,  Harry  Wittkopp,  John  J.  Hamilton,  Otto  K.  Gerstner^. 
J.  H.  Ochsner,  George  A.  Golden,  William  J.  Hannberg,  Earl  Mar- 
shall, Armon  W.  Malone,  Henry  Lloyd  Miller,  H.  B.  DuPee,  Wil- 
liam T.  Heberlie,  Dale  L.  Cumley,  Lewis  H.  Young,  Enos  Van» 
Clief,  Elwood  I.  Randle,  Geo.  W.  Tippett,  L.  H.  Rogers,  Fay 
Leonard,  Archibald  J.  Dutcber,  David  H.  Frazer,  Fred  Osborn, 
Norman  Levin,  Edgar  C.  Vincent,  C.  J.  Foerster,  Joseph  A.  Citron, 
William  E.  Armington,  Edward  Costello,  B.  LaMoine,  Ernest 
Pagust,  James  L.  Barbanell,  Minor  C.  Kinnicutt,  Robert  E.  Miller, 
Asa  Smith,  Enrico  Gentilini,  Louis  C.  Kinney,  F.  F.  Saldamando, 
Lester  B.  Tozier,  Nick  W.  Mandich,  Archie  R.  Hewitt,  Robert  C. 
McKnight. 

The  next  examinations  will  be  held  in  Los  Angeles,  beginning 
July  15,  and  in  San  Francisco,  July  22. 


Delaware. 

NEWARK,  May  20. — Seventeen  candidates  took  the  examination- 
of  the  Delaware  Board  of  Pharmacy  in  this  city  April  1.  The 
following  were  granted  certificates: 

Pharmacists— Wilson  B.  Swain,  Trappe,  Md. ;  Emanuel  A.  Shur, 
Philadelphia,  Pa.;  M.  Harrison  Kaitz,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  John  L. 
Berk,  New  York,  N.   Y. 

Assistants — John  A.  Devine,  Wilmington;  Morris  Citrenbaum,  H. 
Homer   Freitag,    Chas.    F.    Klepper,    all    of   Baltimore,   Md. 

The  next  examination  will  be  held  at  Newark,  July  1. 


District   of   Columbia, 

WASHINGTON,  May  20.— Following  the  recent  examination  of 
applicants  for  registration  as  pharmacists  the  District  of  Columbia 
Board  of  Pharmacy  has  announced  that  certificates  have  been 
issued  to  the  following-named: 

Pharmacists — Theodore  L.  Gill.  Israel  F.  Lear,  George  R.  Daven- 
port, John  H.  Paine,  John  A.  Murphy,  William  Thornton,  Irving- 
A.  Tennyson,  Theodore  J.  Helper,  Samuel  A.  Lantz,  Henry  J. 
Johnson,   Thomas   B.    Crisp,  Jr.,   Harry   S.    Clarke. 

The  next  examinations  will  be  held  July  10-11. 


Illinois. 

SPRINGFIELD,  May  20.— At  the  April  meeting  of  the  Illinois 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  held  in  Chicago,  22  of  the  90  candidates 
for  registered  pharmacist  and  30  of  the  77  applicants  for  assistant 
pharmacist    passed    successful    examinations.      Their    names    follow: 

Registered  Pharmacists — Albert  F.  Anderson,  Frank  G.  Basile» 
Sander  Brichta,  Geo.  E,  Buckman,  Henry  A.  Churchill,  John  L. 
Dancey,  Joe  Donner,  Walter  A.  Endee,  Nate  Forman,  Andrew  J. 
Getz,  Joe  P.  Graf,  Roy  L.  Haines,  Philip  E.  Hildebrandt,  Kenneth 
A.  Leo,  Fred  J.  Lorenz,  Chas.  C.  Orr,  Irving  F.  Pearce,  Chas.  A. 
Trachman,  all  of  Chicago,  and  Frank  E.  Kiley,  Cullum;  Robt.  M. 
Lyman,  Joliet;  J.  Arnold  Michels,  El  Paso;  Harry  S.  Sponberg,. 
Rockford. 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


289 


Assistant  Pharmacists — Richard  J.  Anderson,  Christopher  Barone, 
Walter  Buchrucker.  \Vm.  L.  Cunningham,  Elmer  L.  Dahl,  Chas. 
Green,  \'ictor  L.  Geispitz,  Leo  J.  Hillmaii,  Sylvester  H.  Hojnacki, 
Michael  Jacobson,  Willis  C.  Kuecka,  Frank  H.  Lindeman,  Samuel 
Lisec,  Wm.  J.  McSherry,  James  W.  Moore,  Chas.  M.  Patera,  Jr., 
Edward  R.  Riemer,  Chas.  J.  Schultz,  Ernest  L.  Stinkard,  Clifford 
Spalding,  Paul  Unger,  John  G.  Zarek,  all  of  Chicago,  and  LeRoy 
E.  Anderson,  Moline;  Floyde  W.  Bryant,  Elizabeth;  Thos.  P. 
Bolger,  Woodstock;  Guy  B.  Davis,  Abingdon;  Cecil  W.  Hunter, 
Pesotum;  Clarence  A.  Larson,  Moline;  Cliflord  E.  McKee,  Dixon; 
Saml.    B.    Wade,    Fairbury. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  board  in  Chicago  for  the  examination 
of  applicants  for  registered  pharmacist  will  be  held  on  July  14. 
Applicants  for  assistant  pharmacist  will  be  examined  July  16. 
The  next  apprentice  examinations  throughout  the  State  will  be 
held   on    Friday,  July   3. 


Kentwood;  J.   P.  McNulty,  John   S.   Morvant  and  George  P.   Welsh, 
of  New  Orleans. 


Indiana. 

Members  of  the  Indiana  State  Board  of  Registration  and  Exami- 
nation in  Pharmacy  with  representatives  of  pharmacy  schools  of 
the  State  held  a  joint  session  in  Indianapolis  recently.  Those 
who  attended  the  meeting  were:  President,  Albert  F.  Heineman, 
Valparaiso;  secretary.  Burton  Cassady,  West  Terre  Haute;  Jerome 
J.  Keene,  Indianapolis;  William  H.  Fogas,  Mt.  Vernon,  and 
William  H.  Rudder,  Salem,  members  of  the  State  Board;  E.  H. 
Niles,  of  the  Indianapolis  College  of  Pharmacy;  C.  B.  Jordan, _  of 
Purdue  University;  Prof.  Sherwood,  of  Angola,  and  G.  D.  Tim- 
mons,  of  Valparaiso  University.  The  meeting  adopted  a  resolution 
urging  the  Legislature  to  place  the  sale  of  intoxicating  liquors  by 
druggists  on  the  same  basis  as  the  sale  of  habit-forming  drugs. 
The  meeting  also  went  on  record  as  favoring  a  pharmacy  requisite 
law  which  would  not  permit  any  one  to  take  an  examination  before 
the  State  board  unless  he  is  a  graduate  of  a  recognized  school  of 
pharmacy.  A  resolution  was  adopted  that  the  State  board  define 
a  recognized  school  of  pharmacy  as  one  that  meets  the  requirements 
of  the  Pharmaceutical  Syllabus.  This  means  that  no  applicant  for 
license  from  the  State  board  shall  receive  credit  for  time  spent  in 
a  college  of  pharmacy  unless  he  is  a  graduate  of  a  recognized 
■college   of  pharmacy. 


Iowa. 

DES  MOINES,  May  20.— Forty-eight  out  of  148  who  took  the 
recent  examinations  for  registration  in  pharmacy  before  the  State 
pharmacy  commission  were   successful,  as  follows: 

Pharmacists— Harry  Leiser,  Waukon;  Frank  D.  Weaver,  Ackley; 
Sam  J.  Stiles,  Des  Moines;  Maurice  R.  Miller,  Council  Bluffs; 
Verna  M.  Lovely,  Stuart;  Howard  Nicholas,  Redfield;  Ralph  A. 
Emons,  Paul  A.  Heller.  Andy  Hildegaard,  Edward  E.  Eide,  Des 
Moines;  E.  D.  Brown,  Columbus  Junction;  Joseph  E.  Haskins, 
Jesup;  Jose  R.  Prieto,  Cruces,  Cuba;  Edna  B.  Anderson,  Dow  City; 
Nellie  "Manbeck,  Iowa  City;  Lawrence  F.  Moore,  Burlington; 
James  Macdonald,  Bellevue;  Martin  Strand,  Halbeck,  Sask.,i 
Canada;  C.  G.  Martin,  Charles  City;  Ralph  E.  McKim,  Nevada; 
John  F.  Kiedaisch,  Keokuk;  John  C.  Gedstead,  Des  Moines;  Jay 
B.  Rousch,  Fingley;  Russell  E.  Foster,  T.  E.  Enloe,  Muzeylle 
Powell,  Loren  R.  Carrico,  George  B.  Paulson,  Des  Moines;  Ray 
Green,  Aurelia;  E.  W.  Harriman,  Kellerton;  Plumer  Egert,  Frank 
Sassman,  Des  Moines;  Bryce  Greene,  Traer;  Clarence  Ebert, 
W'averlv;  Peter  L.  Bauer,  Sutton,  Neb.;  J.  Emmet  Kehl,  Gilmore 
City;  Maude  Wieland.  Red  Oak;  Rozella  Schmidt,  Omaha;  F.  F. 
liess,  Iowa  City;  Bryan  I.  Day,  Seymour;  John  Reardon,  Auburn; 
J.  A.  James,  Huron.  S.  D. ;  Ornie  Knott,  George  W.  Forsythe, 
Raymond  Green,  Mose  Oransky,  William  S.  Macauley,  Des 
Moines. 


Kentucky. 

LOUISVILLE,  May  20.— .^t  the  meeting  of  the  Kentucy  Board 
of  Pharmacy,  held  in  Louisville,  April  14,  15,  16,  the  following 
applicants,   out   of   a   class   of  51,    were   registered: 

Registered  Pharmacists— Lewis  E.  Google,  Louisville;  William 
D.  Dawson,  Princeton;  Edwin  M.  Frantz.  Louisville;  Roy  B. 
Gillians,  Louisville;  Robert  E.  Hancock.  Uniontown;  James  R. 
Harris,  Louisville;  Augustus  M.  King,  Mt.  Sterling;  Robert  H. 
Konsheim,  Cincinnati,  Ohio;  Albert  E.  Lacy,  Crofton;  Owen  M. 
Lynch,  Shelbyville;  Sterling  F.  Monroe,  Auburn;  Squire  E. 
Nichols,  Clarkson;  Chas.  G.  Passmore,  Jr.,  Louisville;  John  J. 
Seiberz,  Louisville;  Martin  E.  Sutherland,  Paducah;  Jacob  L. 
Wagner,  Greenville,  Ohio;  Albert  R.  Will,  Columbus,  Ohio;  Roy 
P.   Hinton,  Adolphus. 

Assistants— Frank  L.  Brown,  Princeton;  Frank  Howard,  Prince- 
ton; William  O.  Patterson,  Hawesville;  H.  L.  Perry.  Richmond; 
Frank  W.  Richey,  Louisville;  Vernon  Valentine,  New  Castle; 
(nlm  W.  Wear,  Murray;  Chas.  E.  West,  Louisville;  John  H.  Bus- 
tetter,  Covington;  J.  D.  Clopton.  Jr.,  Smithland;  Chas.  Kretchmer, 
Cincinnati,  Ohio;  Frank  W.  Krull,  Louisville;  Geo.  Meyer,  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio;  Silas  P.  Meyer,  Louisville;  Ralph  B.  Puckett,  Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio;  Max  H.  Snyder.  Louisville;  Speed  G.  Wood.  Midway. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  at  Dawson  Springs,  July  14,  15. 


Minnesota. 

ST.  PAUL,  May  20. — Twenty-three  candidates  who  took  the  re- 
cent examinations  before  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  were  suc- 
cessful, according  to  a  report  just  issued  by  the  secretary  of  the 
board: 

r'harmacists— R.  Berglund,  Minneapolis;  J.  Y.  Breckenridge,  Jr., 
Stillwater;  Otto  J.  Bruning,  St.  Cloud;  Theodore  W.  Fratzke, 
Madison;  J.  H.  Gebhard,  Winsted;  H.  H.  Hart,  Winnebago;  Albert 
Lehmann,  Wadena;  J.  H.  Neumann,  Lewiston;  J.  F.  Pelant,  Min- 
neapolis; V.  A.  Pendleton,  Minneapolis;  A.  W.  Peterson,  Orton- 
ville;  H.  C.  Peterson,  Minneapolis;  C.  H.  Rogers,  Minneapolis; 
H.  W.  Sampson,  Minneapolis;  L.  L.  Schaffer,  Delano;  H.  A. 
Scott,  St.  Paul;  R.  T.  Scott,  Minneapolis;  J.  Strimling,  Minne- 
apolis; H.  W.  Thompson,  Stillwater;  H.  M.  Watson,  Minneapolis; 
J.  B.  Wilkie,  St.  Paul;  G.  K.  Wold,  Austin;  C.  W.  Zemlin, 
Minneapolis. 

Assistants— P.  J.  Binek,  Owatonna;  H.  W.  Christianson,  Bel- 
grade; R.  W.  Cannon,  Minneapolis;  C.  C.  Cowing,  St.  Paul; 
J.  P.  Faas,  New  Ulm;  F.  A.  Gifford,  Minneapolis;  J.  T.  Gericke, 
St.  Paul;  A.  O.  Johnson.  Hudson,  Wis.;  E.  H.  Heidmann,  Arling- 
ton; Fred  N.  Knapp,  Redwood  Falls;  J.  J.  Kirchner,  Richmond; 
Jesse  J.  Keefe,  Minneapolis;  H.  E.  Meyer,  Twin  Valley;  C.  A. 
Perkins,  Minneapolis;  H.  C.  Pereson,  Minneapolis;  N.  V.  Sanders, 
Minneapolis;  W.  A.  Scheer,  Chisholm;  F.  Sassman,  Winona;  B.  A. 
Schultz,  St.  Paul;  G.  F.  Stratton,  Minneapolis;  B.  A.  ,  Wolter, 
St.   Paul. 


Louisiana. 

NEW  ORLEANS.  May  20.— As  a  result  of  the  examinations  held 
by  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  at  Tulane  University,  May  1-2, 
out  of  31  candidates  for  registration  eight  were  successful  as 
registered  pharmacists  and  five  as  qualified  assistants.  The  ques- 
tions were  prepared  by  the  examining  committee,  Gus  Seemann,^  on 
pharmacy;  T.  T.  Baltar,  on  chemistry;  A.  DiTrapani,  on  practical 
work,  and  Edward  H.  Walsdorf,  on  materia  medica  and  toxicology. 
Those   receiving    certificates   of   registration   were: 

Pharmacists— E.  H.  Beaucoudray,  Mrs.  L.  J.  Maloney.  B.  Q. 
Roberts,  A.  C.  Flemmings,  all  of  New  Orleans;  R.  J.  Higgason, 
Donaldsonville;  W.  T.  Headrick,  Jr.,  Logansport;  H.  C.  Richards, 
:Sulphur;  E.   F.   Buckley,   Slidell,  . 

Assistants— Rene     Bienvenu,     St.     Martinsville;     V.     Portinberry, 


Mississippi. 

JACKSON,  May  20.— At  the  April  meeting  of  the  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy  the  following-named  were  successful  applicants  for  regis- 
tration   in    pharmacy,  29  out   of  ,55  who   took   the   tests: 

Pharmacists- Thomas  E.  Tapp,  Itta  Bena;  W.  P.  Pierce,  Belzoni; 
T.  F.  Ferguson,  Meridian;  W.  R.  Little,  Memphis;  W.  E.  Everett, 
Friars'  i-oint;  S.  F.  Richburg,  Jackson;  H.  S.  Rayne,  Hickory; 
P.  McMorco,  Natchez;  D.  G.  Anderson,  Lucedale;  R.  H.  Walker, 
Mendenhall;  G.  R.  Lott,  Richton;  L.  P.  Hall,  Rueville;  W.  S. 
Thornton,  Brandon;  E.  Wherry,  Durant;  R.  B.  Jordan,  Poplar- 
ville;  W.  M.  Love,  Terry;  Clay  Callicot,  Caldwater;  E.  A.  Coody, 
Phoenix;  C.  L.  Schillings,  Osyka;  J.  K.  Minyard,  Kosciusko; 
J.  H.  Owen,  Holly  Bluff;  B.  M.  Funderberg,  Raymond;  H.  H. 
Norton,  Hattiesburg;  J.  N.  Shirley,  DeSoto;  Norton  Taylor,  Green- 
wood. 


Missouri. 

KANSAS  CITY,  May  20.— The  following  applicants  for  registra- 
tion in  pharmacy  were  successful  in  the  State  board  examinations 
held  in   this  city   in  April: 

Pharmacists— Edward  Jost,  St.  Louis;  Noland  A.  Gate,  Rich  Hill; 
C.  F.  Kardell,  Versailles;  Thornton  A.  Washington,  Garden  City; 
W.  H.  Heaton,  Shawnee,  Kan.;  Fred  J.  Kerlagon,  Kansas  City; 
Stella  B.  Walker,  Kansas  City;  Lawrence  J.  Haymes,  Springfield; 
Chas.  M.  Pettey,  Kansas  City;  Dell  S.  Kittredge,  Kansas  City; 
Leslie  V.  Medicus,  Kansas  City;  Roy  R.  Sallaway,  Lamonte; 
Harold  V.  Todd,  Palmyra;  W.  Glenn  Smith,  Gallatin;  Louis  A. 
French,  Rushville;  Emil  E.  Wellmeyer,  St.  Louis;  John  France, 
Jr.,  Forest  City:  P.  M.  Fallis,  Union  Star;  A.  J.  Clark,  St.  Joseph; 
H.  H.  Defenbach,  Kansas  City;  Dr.  C.  F.  Anderson,  Moscow  Mills; 
Dr.  Jul   C.   Wise,   Kansas  City. 

Assistants— Walter  Nunn,  Chillicothe;  Wm.  G.  Hogan,  Neck  City, 
Jas.  R.  Trolinger,  Cassville;  Cora  E.  Patton,  Caljool;  B.  F.  Mene- 
fee,  Jonesburg;  O.  E.  Berndt,  St.  Joseph;  C.  M.  Murray.  Cameron; 
W.  E.  Anderson,  Kansas  City;  Murray  C.  Fellers,  Sedalia;  J. 
Frank  Raney,  West  Plains;  Jas.  Thad.  Kenney,  West  Plains; 
Jos.  E.  Hamilton,  St.  Louis;  Robt.  C.  Glenn,  Harrisonville;  Walter 
S.  Hunter,  .St.  Louis;  W.  J.  Sell,  Waynesville;  Thorn  H.  Nelson, 
St.  Joseph;  R.  G.  Thompson,  St.  Joseph;  A.  Morris  Ginsberg,  Kan- 
sas City;  H.  B.  King,  Elmo;  Jas.  I.  Jones,  New  Cambria;  Roger 
Bagby,  Higbee;  Edw.  F.  Duggins,  Corder;  Eugenu  L.  Terry, 
Clifto:i  Hill. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  at  Pertle  Springs  on  June  15. 


Montana. 

BUTTE,  May  20.— Out  of  a  class  of  40  applicants  who  took  the 
recent  examinations  at  Butte,  17  from  Montana  and  one  from  North 
Dakota   were   successful,   as  follows: 

Pharmacists — E.  H.  Campbell,  Jr.,  Belt;  A.  F.  Watson,  Great 
Falls;  J.  F.  Swab,  Big  Timber;  W.  G.  Hohn,  Stanley,  N.  D. ; 
Charles  E.  Martell,  Anaconda;  L.  A.  Baker,  Livingston;  Lorenzo 
Nickey,  Harlem;  H.  D.  Miles,  Butte;  H.  Hosfield,  Butte;  Henry 
W.  Flomer,  Butte;  F.  G.  Ruggles,  Whitehall;  D.  E.  Farmer,  Glas- 
gow; C.  L.  Brenner,  Glendive;  Elnathan  Town,  Hedgesville;  R.  J. 
Reynolds,  Red  Lodge;  A.  M.  Hicks,  Harden;  T.  A.  Harkness, 
Missoula;    Earl    Converse,    Anaconda. 


New   Jersey. 

BRIDGETON,  May  20.— The  following  candidates  were  success- 
ful at  the  April  examinations  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy. 
The    next   examinations   will   be   held   in   Trenton,   July    16-17: 

Pharmacists — Albert  E.  Askew,  Camden;  Frederick  F,  Alt,  New 
York;  Clinton  F.  Avis,  Woodstown;  Samuel  Bean,  Newark:  Law- 
rence G.  Beisler,  Hilton;  Giovanni  Berardinelli,  Newark;  Clarence 
H.  Berryman,  Camden;  Walter  G.  Bergman,  Irvington;  John  J. 
Burke,  Spring  Lake;  Gastano  Cavallo,  Garfield;  Samuel  M.  Chen- 
kin,  Philadelphia;  Joseph  S.  Churgin.  Brooklyn;  Zerman  Cook, 
Dover;  Salmon  Cutler,  Perth  Amboy;  Robert  E.  Davis,  Elizabeth; 
Timothy  J.  Doran,  Rahway;  Meyer  C.  Epstein,  Philadelphia;  Morris 
Epstein,  Philadelphia;  Louis  Finkelstein,  West  Orange;  John  A. 
Fiscel,  Atlantic  City;  WilHain  H.  Fitzsimmons,  Philadelphia; 
Raymond    L.    Flett,    Atlantic    Highlands;    Louis    Asir    Fox,    Provi- 


290 


THE    PITARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


dence:  Ruggicro  Fragali,  Brooklyn;  Benjamin  Goodman,  Phila- 
delphia; Raffacle  Grassi,  Philadelphia;  Leo  Greenstein,  Philadel- 
phia; Edward  M.  Halpern,  Newark;  Mrs.  Lottie  Herman,  Bayonnc; 
Maurice  E.  Horowitz.  Newark;  Paul  E.  R.  Janson,  Glen  Gardner; 
Meyer  Kamenetzky,  Newark;  Mitchell  Kaplan,  Brooklyn;  Walter 
M.  Kauffman,  Harrisburg,  Pa.;  George  Katclus,  Newark;  Jacob 
Kxoll,  Long  Island  City;  Edward  J.  Legg.  Paterson;  Lester  E. 
Lenrow,  Newark;  Abe  Levitt,  Newark;  William  Lockman,  Jersey 
City;  James  J.  McAvoy,  Jersey  City;  Joseph  G.  Mott,  Jersey  City; 
Isaiah  W.  Morse,  Atlantic  City;  Joseph  P.  Moresh,  Bayonne; 
Harry  D,  Nicmlz,  New  York;  Herman  H.  North,  Jersey  City; 
Albert  C  Nuber,  Jr..  Bayonnc;  Joseph  H.  Oeste,  Philadelphia; 
Asterios  Pappadopoulos,  Philadelphia;  Roland  L.  Petti t,  Morris- 
town;  Ernst  W.  Pfeiffer,  West  Hoboken;  Henry  Pichenick,  Phila- 
delphia; Francesco  Politani,  New  York;  Wilbert  M.  Ralston,  New 
York;  Ralph  B.  Rogers,  Moorestown;  Max  Rosencoff,  Philadelphia; 
William  Rubcnstein,  New  York;  W'esley  M.  Saylor,  Phila- 
delphia: Morris  H.  Schmidt,  New  York;  Connor  B.  Shur, 
Philadelphia;  Charles  Silberman,  Newark;  Harry  Spector, 
Newark;  Leander  G.  Taylor,  Jr.,  Philadelphia;  Aaron  Ver- 
nick,  Philadelphia;  Julius  P.  Watzich,  Weehawken;  Samuel 
Watt,  Paterson;  Irving  Wechsler,  Brooklyn;  Louis  L.  Weinberg, 
Atlantic  City;  Edward  C.  White,  Hoboken;  Edwardes  E.  Winslow, 
Bryn   Mawr,    Pa.;   John   J.   Youngblood,    Newark. 

Assistants — Charles  W.  Becker,  Newark;  Benjamin  Baumgarten, 
Jersey  City;  Albert  F.  Bryniarski,  Plainfield;  Thomas  A.  Cramer, 
Point  Pleasant;  Gustave  J.  Essbach,  Newark;  Henry  A.  Finestone, 
Philadelphia;  George  T.  Flack,  Collingswood;  John  F.  Geiger,  Jr., 
Atlantic  City;  Michael  Gruliano,  Newark;  Everett  J.  Gorman, 
Jersey  City;  Charles  J.  Hoehn,  Newark;  N.  Aloysius  Kaiser, 
Newark;  Bernard  L.  Katsin,  New  York;  Edward  Kent,  Trenton; 
Nathan  Kerber,  Newark;  John  J.  Kershulis,  Newark;  Henry  F. 
Meister,  Tenafly;  William  A.  Messner,  Newark;  Ferdinand  Moc- 
cia,  Newark;  Maurice  D.  Newman,  Elizabeth;  Adolph  Pastor, 
Newark;  Herman  I.  Percely,  Newark;  William  Perl,  East  Orange; 
George  H.  Rowland,  Annandale;  Jacob  Scaletsky,  Jersey  City; 
Wintield  S.  Taylor,  Jr.,  Trenton;  Charles  K.  Wendell,  Plainfield; 
Charles   A.   White,    Philadelphia. 


New  York, 
The    number    of    penalties    paid    the    New    \*ork    State    Board    of 
Pharmacy,   during  April,   according   to   Secretary   Warren   L.   Bradt, 
and   the   character  of   violations   were   as   follows: 

Adulterated    and    deficient    prescriptions 13 

Adulterated    and    deficient    pharmacopoeial    products 12 

Junior    violations     9 

Substitutions 2 

Total     36 


Oklahoma. 

STROUD,  May  20.— At  the  April  meeting  of  the  Oklahoma  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  for  the  examination  of  candidates  for  certifi- 
cates as  registered  pharmacists,  out  of  a  class  of  S5  the  following- 
named  were  successful: 

Pharmacists— W.  H.  Brewer,  Caldwell,  Kan.;  F.  E.  Bradley, 
Norman;  Sale  Burns,  Canton;  C.  C.  Boles,  Monett,  Mo.;  Edmond 
W^  Cotton,  Muskogee;  R.  E.  Davis,  Shattuck;  H.  M.  Dreher, 
Oklahoma  City;  Jno.  M.  Elder,  Fargo;  F.  A.  Francis,  Helena; 
H.  M.  O.lmore,  Norman;  R.  M.  Hatcher,  Hastings;  L.  V.  Hull, 
Norman;  B.  B.  Hewlett,  Elk  City;  W.  A.  Henning,  Oxford,  Kan.; 
J.  E.  Irvin,  Panhandle.  Tex.;  Victor  Keeling,  Ravia;  R.  E.  Lauder- 
dale, Duncan;  I.  I.  Morrison,  Okmulgee;  B.  L.  McMillan,  Dodge 
Citv,  Kan.;  F.  L.  Miller,  Norman;  E.  J.  McNally,  Oklahoma  City; 
R.  M.  Myer,  Bristow;  Wm.  E.  Montgomery,  Norman;  N.  S.  Neylor, 
Kansas  City,  Mo.;  Glen  Reck,  Guymon;  S.  H.  Smith,  Jr.,  Kearney, 
—o.;  Edward  Sewell,  Amarillo,  Tex.;  A.  J.  Starr,  Florence,  Kan.; 
Lucien  Schooling.  El  Reno;  M.  M.  Turner,  Wagoner;  H.  R.  Turner, 
Wichita,  Kan.;  S.  B.  Trippet.  Denton,  Tex.;  N.  R.  Williams,  San 
Bois;   E.   C.   Wires,   Norton,   Kan. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  board  will  be  held  in  the  chamber  of 
commerce   rooms,  Oklahoma  City,  July   14  and   15. 


Vermont. 

ST  ALBANS,  May  20.— Mason  G.  Beebe,  secretary  of  the  Ver- 
mont State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  reports  the  following  candidates 
for  registration  in  pharmacy  to  have  been  successful  at  the  April 
examinations :  ,         _     _ 

Joseph  C.  Lambert,  of  Burlington,  registered  pharmacist;  K.  L. 
Halden,  of  Proctor,  registered  pharmacist;  N.  B.  Cook,  of  Qumcy, 
Mass.,  assistant  pharmacist;  Hortense  Merrill,  of  Swampscott, 
Mass.,    assistant   pharmacist. 


Virginia. 

RICHMOND,  May  20.— At  the  examination  held  April  21  were 
51  applicants  for  registration  as  pharmacists.  Of  this  number  the 
following  were  given  certificates:  ^r  _    xt  t,     tt 

Registered  Pharmacists— H.  S.  Falconer,  Newport  News;  D.  H. 
Lewis.  Victoria;  S.  P.  Buchanan,  Coeburn;  J.  W  Payne,  Rich- 
mond; B.  F.  Foley,  Jr.,  So.  Richmond;  E.  H  Ward,  Danville; 
W.  H.  Long,  Richmond;  D.  T.  Bnles,  Chapel  Hill,  N.  C  ;  J.  L. 
Stephens  (colored),  Raleigh,  N.  C;  W.  L.  Irwin,  Richmond;  H.  S. 
Ramsey,  Bedford;  G.  B.  Cocke,  Richmond;  E.  B  Phelps,  Poca- 
hontas; G.  B.  Updike.  Chatham;  L.  W^  Turner,  Richmond;  M. 
Feldman,    New   York   City;   J.    W^    Chambers    (colored).    Lynchburg. 

Registered  Assistants-Frank  Larner,  Richmond;  C  L.  Fedigo, 
Blacksburg;  C.  W.  Landreth,  Richmond;  R.  M.  Hawthorne,  Rich- 
mond: W,  N.  Perkinson,  Danville.  ■  ,         •  .     . 

There  were  11  applicants  for  examination  as  registered  assistant 
pharmacists.  Of  this  number  the  following  were  successful:^  1.  1. 
Hatcher,  Lvnchburg;  H.  W^  Zirkle,  Richmond;  G..  R.  Ellington. 
Richmond;  'R.  T.  Moseley.  Richmond;  C.  B.  Hudgins,  Richmond, 
H,  C  Hisey,  Richmond;  E.   P.  Berlin,  Richmond. 

The    next   examination    will    be   held  m    Richmond   July   ^i. 


Wisconsin. 

MADISON,  May  20.— At  the  meeting  of  the  Wisconsin  Board  of 
Pharmacy  held  in  this  city,  April  14-17,  the  following  were  granted 
certificates: 

Registered  Pharmacists— Frank  L.  Griffin,  Owen;  Paul  A.  DahU 
Viroqua;  Robert  H.  Leonhardt,  Shebovgan;  Reuben  P.  Plantico, 
Manitowoc;  Charles  E.  Stapleton,  Madison;  Arthur  J.  Brehm,  She- 
boygan; Robert  E.  Otten,  Sheboygan;  George  E.  Elwers,  Neenah; 
Horace  L.  Burnham,  Richland  Center;  Martin  C.  Kopf,  Milwaukee; 
Roy  G.  Germanson,  Grand  Rapids;  Tony  J.  Muehlbauer,  Sheboy- 
gan; Edmund  H.  J.  Kochanski,  Milwaukee;  John  E.  O'Brien, 
Madison;  Joseph  B.  A.  Dorszynski,  Milwaukee;  Roy  A.  Fortun, 
Viroqua;  LeRoy  G.  Hoffman,  Antigo;  Herbert  Villmow,  Milwaukee; 
Walter  A.  Hackbarth,  Wausau;  Wm.  F.  Ziegenhagen,  Racine; 
Wm.  F.  Luebner,  Milwaukee;  Louis  E.  Seif,  Neillsville;  Louis  A. 
Uecker,  Watertown;  Oscar  A.  Reischel,  Milwaukee;  Walter  H. 
Fischer,  Milwaukee ;  Charles  H.  Karnatz,  Milwaukee ;  Albert  F. 
Netzel,  Crandon;  Frank  R.  Keating,  Milwaukee;  Arthur  J.  Erick- 
son,   Kenosha. 

Registered  Assistants— Charles  S.  Hocking,  W^aupaca;  Harold  W. 
Hansen,  Lake  Mills;  Holger  Rasmusen,  Withee;  Palmer  E.  Nelson, 
(Tashton;  Earl  V.  Rudolph,  La  Crosse;  Alfred  J.  Kolpin,  Kenosha; 
Charles  G.  Pable,  Oshkosh;  Raymond  A.  Miess,  Milwaukee;  Wm. 
J.  Guinan,  Milwaukee;  Edwin  H.  Cora,  Milwaukee;  Otto  Baarth, 
Milwaukee;  Jerome  M.  Peters,  Jr.,  Milwaukee;  Louis  H.  Kreuser, 
Milwaukee;  James  P.  Hagen,  Westby;  Mary  E.  Machacek,  Mil- 
waukee; Ivol  "W.  Fairfield,  Milwaukee;  Alvin  A.  Steinke,  Mil- 
waukee; Walter  H.  Meider,  Waukesha;  William  H.  Kropp,  Mil- 
waukee; Herbert  F.  L.  Meier,  West  Allis;  Charley  M.  Foote, 
Oxford ;  Frank  W.  Lightner,  Randolph;  Clarence  Andreae,  Mil- 
waukee; Leland  B.  Smith,  Bangor;  William  E.  McParland,  Mil- 
waukee; Robert  J.  Quinn,  Bangor;  Theodor  H.  Erck,  Milwaukee; 
Carroll  J.  Blanchard,  Milwaukee;  Edward  A.  Babcock,  Madison; 
Walter  C.  Meyer,  Milwaukee;  Paul  Lyon,  Rice  Lake;  Alphonse  W. 
Streicher,  La  Crosse. 

This  being  the  annual  meeting  of  the  board,  the  following 
officers  were  elected  for  the  ensuing  year:  President,  B.  J, 
Kremer,    Fond   du    Lac;    secretary,    Edward   W'illiams,   Madison. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  in  Madison  July  14-17. 


NEWS   OF   THE   BOARDS. 


The  next  meeting  of  the  Colorado  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  will 
be  held  at  the  Normal  building,  Glenarm  street,  Denver,  June 
12-13. 

It  is  now  possible  for  a  registered  pharmacist  going  to  Montana 
from  any  one  of  22  other  States  to  register  without  taking  an 
examination  in  Montana,  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  having 
adopted  the  rules  and  regulations  of  the  National  Association  of 
Boards  of  Pharmacy.  H.  C.  Christensen,  chairman  of  the  advisory 
board  of  the  National  association,  went  to  Anaconda  and  conferred 
with   the   members    of    the    State    board. 

Members  of  the  boards  of  pharmacy  of  Missouri  and  Kansas 
were  guests  of  the  Kansas  City  R.D.A.  at  a  luncheon  at  the 
Coates  House,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  recently  with  S.  N.  Doerschuk, 
president  of  the  association,  as  toastmaster.  In  addition  to  the 
members  of  the  boards,  Professors  L.  E.  Sayre  and  L.  D.  Haven- 
hill,   of  the  University  of  Kansas  were  guests. 

The  Iowa  State  Board  has  been  stirred  to  drastic  action  against 
law- viola  ting  druggists,  the  arrest  of  26  Des  Moines  druggists  on 
the  charge  of  selling  intoxicating  liquors  after  the  police  had 
raided  several  stores,  bringing  the  matter  to  a  head.  Eight  drug- 
gists were  cited  by  the  commission  to  appear  before  that  body  and 
show   why   their  certificates   of   registration   should   not   be   revoked. 

Governor  Dunne,  of  Illinois,  in  a  letter  addressed  to  the  State 
Pharmacy  Board,  calls  the  attention  of  that  body  to  complaints, 
which  have  come  from  several  cities  of  the  State,  of  druggists 
who  have  declined,  according  to  the  reports,  to  permit  the  removal 
of  injured  persons  to  their  stores  for  first  aid.  The  Governor 
asked  the  co-operation  of  the  board  in  removing  all  just  cause  for 
complaint,  his  letter  reading  as  follows:  "Complaints  have  reached 
me  that  in  many  cases  of  accidents,  where  persons  are  injured 
on  the  public  highways,  druggists  to  whom  the  injured  parties 
have  been  brought  for  first  aid,  have  refused  them  admission  into 
drug  stores  and  first  aid  assistance.  The  ordinary  dictates  of 
humanity  require  in  case  of  sudden  injury  that  all  persons  of  all 
professions  and  trades  give  such  relief  as  lies  within  their  power. 
I  would  esteem  it  a  favor  if  you  would  call  the  attention  of  the 
registered  pharmacists  of  the  State,  whom  I  believe  to  be  a  body 
ot  humane,  upright  men,  to  the  fact  that  such  complaints  have 
been  made  to  the  Governor,  and  ask  them  to  show  in  the  future 
that  those  complaints  cannot  be  justly  directed  toward  the  phar- 
macists of  the  State  as  a  body." 

The  Ohio  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  started  after  the  drug- 
gists who  have  been  convicted  of  the  illegal  sale  of  cocaine,  the 
druggists  in  question  being  cited  before  the  board  to  show  cause 
why  his   or  her  certificate  should  not  be   revoked. 

Members  of  the  Indiana  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  were  enter- 
tained at  a  banquet  given  at  the  Bohemia  Cafe,  Lafayette,  Ind., 
May  14,  by  the  Lafayette  R.D.A.  and  the  Purdue  Ph.S.  John  J. 
Scnultz  was  toastmaster. 

John  A.  Weeks,  a  member  of  the  Texas  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy, states  that  in  an  opinion  rendered  to  him  he  was  advised 
that  a  drug  store  w^hich  employs  a  registered  pharmacist,  having 
supervision  of  the  compounding  of  prescriptions  and  the  sale  of 
drugs,  would  not  require  the  registered  man's  presence  at  all  times, 
but  that  an  unregistered  druggist  could,  under  the  supervision  of 
the  registered  man.  sell  drugs  and  compound  prescriptions ;  that 
"supervision"  did  not  mean  direct  supervision  but  a  general 
supervision.  The  State  attorney-general,  however,  has  held  that 
the  law  must  be  substantially  complied  with,  and  that  the  regis- 
tered pharmacist  must  actually  supervise  all  the  affairs  of  the 
drug  store. 


mamamfassf^m^mMamamMsmmMmamMmamMmMsmiMMNMmamfi 


The  Abolition  of  the  Guaranty  and  Serial  Number  —  What  Leading  Drug  Firms  Say, 


BY  SIGNATURE  of  the  Secretaries  of  Agriculture,  Treas- 
ury and  Commerce  the  guaranty  and  serial  number  regu- 
lation under  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act  has  been 
rescinded,  the  abolition  of  such  legends  taking  effect  on  Jlay  1, 
1915.  From  the  first  the  object  of  criticism  on  the  ground  that 
such  legends  are  "misleading  and  deceptive,"  the  action  of  the 
three  secretaries  in  removing  all  grounds  for  criticism  meets 
with  the  general  approval  of  manufacturers,  and  of  such 
national  associations  as  have  been  in  session  since  the  edict  of 
May  5,  with  the  proviso  that  some  extension  of  time  should  be 
allowed  manufacturers  who  have  in  stock  sufficient  labels 
bearing  the  guaranty  legend  to  last  them  far  beyond  the  date 
set  for  the  banishment  of  this  label  guaranty.  The  substitution 
of  an  individual  guarantee  is  in  accord  with  existing  trade  cus- 
toms when  articles  are   in  interstate  commerce. 

In  response  to  inquiries  from  the  Era,  manufacturers  of 
drug  products  and  proprietaries  have  stated  their  position 
in  regard  to  the  new  ruling,  although  a  number  of  the  firms 
approached  did  not  care  to  comment  either  in  one  way  or 
another,  accepting  the  ruling  as  a  matter  of  governmental 
supervision  which  calls  for  no  particular  action  on  the  part  of 
the  manufacturer.  A  number  of  these  replies  will  be  found 
herewith ;  the  text  of  the  government  ruling,  reasons  for  the 
action,  and  a  history  of  the  guaranty  legend  following : 


The  Norwich  Pharmacal  Company — 

"We  view  with  some  concern  the  prospect  before  us  of  again 
changing  our  entire  line  of  labels,  running  into  the  thousands. 
A  few  years  ago  we  passed  through  the  stress  and  strain  of 
such  a  change  to-  comply  with  the  amended  form  of  the  guar- 
anty legend.  That  meant  some  thousands  of  dollars  of  needless 
expense,  which  we  charged  up  to  the  artful  practices  of  those 
few  manufacturers  who  perverted  the  beneficent  provisions  of 
the  Pure  Food  Regulations  into  a  means  for  deceptive  adver- 
tising of  their  wares.  The  many  reputable  manufacturers  are 
again  called  upon  to  pay  the  penalty  for  the  sharp  practice  of 
a  few.  To  those  who  market  a  limited  line  the  expense  of 
changing  the  labels  may  not  be  serious,  but  to  houses  like  ours, 
whose  line  of  manufacture  embraces  thousands  of  items,  it  is 
an  expensive  luxury.  In  common  w-ith  other  manufacturers 
doing  business  in  New  York  State,  we  have  just  revised  our 
labels  to  comply  with  the  Weight  and  Measure  Law,  so  that 
with  another  change  made  necessary  by  the  removal  of  the 
guaranty  legend,  you  can  see  that  the  manufacturer's  lot  is  not 
a  happy  one.  However,  there  seems  good  and  sufficient  cause 
for  the  action  of  the  three  secretaries  from  an  administrative 
standpoint,  and  it  is  incumbent  upon  manufacturers  to  comply 
cheerfully  with  the  hope  that  the  labels  printed  henceforth  may 
serve  their  intended  end  and  not  be  thrown  away. 

It  seems  to  us  that  for  several  reasons  the  abolishing  of  the 
guaranty  legend  and  serial  number  will  work  a  disadvantage 
to  the  manufacfurer.  For  one  thing,  the  dealers  and  consumers 
have  become  accustomed  to  look  for  the  legend,  and  its 
absence  from  the  package  or  label  will,  at  first,  undoubtedly 
raise  a  question  as  to  the  quality  of  the  goods.  We  have  no 
doubt  all  concerned  will  soon  become  accustomed  to  the  new 
order  of  things  and  that  in  the  end  this  will  not  be  a  serious 
matter.  The  feature  which  will  cause  the  most  trouble,  it 
seems  to  us,  is  that  which  requires  the  guaranty  to  be  incor- 
porated in  the  invoice  and  each  guaranty  to  be  signed  by  the 
manufacturer  or  dealer.  It  might  not  be  a  serious  matter  to 
the  maker  of  one  or  two  items  to  individually  sign  guaranties 


Willi  each  invoice,  but  to  concerns  having  thousands  of  open 
accounts  upon  their  books  it  might  prove  a  serious  question 
if  each  separate  invoice  must  be  individually  signed,  as  seems 
to  be  provided  for  in  the  amended  regulations.  It  is  to  be 
hoped  that  some  means  can  be  provided  whereby  recognition 
will  be  given  to  a  guaranty  issued  directly  to  the  customer  and 
covering  all  goods  which  may  be  purchased  from  that  manu- 
facturer; in  other  words,  have  a  single  guaranty  cover  all 
transactions  between  that  particular  manufacturer  and  dealer. 
It  may  be  fotmd  that  some  such  plan  can  be  devised  which 
will  be  in  accord  with  section  9  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  .^ct, 
and  which,  at  the  same  time,  will  relieve  the  manufacturer 
from  the  necessity  of  making  out  and  signing  hundreds  of 
guaranties  on  each  day." 


The  Wm.  S.  Merrell  Chemical  Co. — 

"The  new  ruling  must  be  considered  from  two  standpoints — 
the  value  and  the  practicability  of  the  guaranty  itself,  and  the 
effect  of  the  frequent  changes  in  rulings  which  have  been  in 
force  for  eight  years.  We  heartily  approve  of  the  decision  now- 
reached  by  the  Secretaries  of  the  Treasury,  Agriculture  and 
Commerce  for  the  following  reasons: 

"1st.  While  the  guaranty  is  issued  by  the  manufacturer 
and  not  by  the  Government,  the  assumption  on  the  part  of  the 
public  that  the  Government  in  some  way  has  examined  and 
approved  the  products  bearing  the  serial  number  is  to  some 
extent  warranted  by  the  latter  part  of  the  legend  in  the  Pure 
Food  and  Drugs  Act — June  30th,   1906. 

"2nd.  The  guaranty  clause  has  been  made  the  basis  of 
deception  on  the  part  of  unscrupulous  manufacturers  and  even 
the  possibility  of  this  deception  should  be  eliminated. 

"3rd.  The  guaranty  is  of  no  value  to  the  manufacturer  of 
pure  drugs  or  pure  foods,  but  on  the  other  hand  has  placed 
him  at  a  disadvantage  in  competing  with  manufacturers  of 
inferior  products,  which  are  also  assumed  to  be  guaranteed  by 
the  government  under  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act. 

"4th.  With  the  establishment  of  the  simple  guaranty  from 
the  manufacturer  to  the  jobber — from  the  jobber  to  the  retail 
dealer  and  from  the  dealer  to  the  consumer,  the  responsibility 
of  the  distributor  will  be  increased  with  the  result  that  he  will 
look  more  to  the  quality  of  the  products  purchased  than  to  the 
mere  fact  that  the  labels  bear  the  serial  number  and  the 
guaranty  legend.  This  should  have  a  tendency  to  increase  the 
quality  of  all  products  on  the  market — eliminate  unfair  com- 
petition and  make  it  more  difficult  for  inferior  products  to  find 
ready  distribution  through  conscientious  and  reliable  dealers. 

"With  respect  to  eliminating  the  guaranty,  it  should  be  under- 
stood that  manufacturers  have  already  been  put  to  an  enormous 
expense  in  the  printing  of  new  labels  and  redressing  packages. 
This  is  not  only  on  account  of  the  introduction  of  the  guaranty 
legend,  but  from  the  fact  that  the  approved  form  has  been 
changed  four  times  by  department  rulings — these  changes  being 
additional  to  others  made  necessary  with  reference  to  the  state- 
ment in  terms  per  ounce  of  certain  inhibited  ingredients.  This 
has  already  involved  a  needless  waste  and  expense  which  should 
be  duly  considered  by  the  commission  and  especially  with 
reference  to  future  rulings,  so  that  the  various  phases  of  the 
subject  may  be  ably  considered  before  further  unnecessary 
expense  is  imposed  upon  the  manufacturers  of  the  country. 

"The  year's  time  allotted  for  the  change  appears  liberal  and 
ample  for  the  purpose  of  manufacturers  of  foods  and  of  patent 
medicines,  but  with  the  pharmaceutical  manufacturer  with  from 


-292 


THE    PHARIMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


.^000  to  5000  items  in  the  list,  many  of  whidi  are  necessarily 
slow  sellers,  the  complete  elimination  of  the  guaranty  legend 
within  a  year's  time  is  an  exceedingly  serious  problem  and  one 
coupled  with  more  expense  than  he  should  be  reasonably  askod 
to  undertake.  The  immense  number  and  variety  of  labels 
required  in  the  pharmaceutical  line,  for  there  are  from  three 
to  six  labels  for  each  item,  according  to  size,  makes  it  an 
impossibility  to  accomplish  this  change  within  one  year  except 
at  enormous  expense.  Every  pharmaceutical  manufacturer  to- 
day has  in  stock  labels  on  his  slow-selling  preparations  bearing 
the  various  forms  of  guaranty  legend  which  have  been  author- 
ized from  time  to  time,  whereas  this  last  change  totally  elimi- 
nating the  legend,  renders  this  entire  stock  of  labels  without 
\-alue. 

"The  last  change  in  legend  allowed  two  years'  time  and  still 
left  it  possible  to  use  the  labels  with  a  supplementary  label 
containing  the  latest  approved  form  of  guaranty  or  legend. 
This  two  years'  time  was  none  too  much  and  should  be  allowed 
as  a  minimum  to  accomplish  this  last  change  with  any  manu- 
facturer who  has  a  line  requiring  any  considerable  number  and 
^•ariety  of  labels. 

"Aside  from  this  feature,  we  fully  approve  of  the  new  ruling, 
and  if  necessary,  would  readily  assume  the  loss  and  additional 
expense  involved  for  the  benefits  which  we  believe  will  be 
derived  by  the  manufacturers  of  quality  products  and  for  the 
manifest  advantages  to  the  general  public." 


Frederick  Stearns  &  Co. — 

"We  are  heartily  in  favor  of  the  recent  ruling  made  by  the 
three  Secretaries  rescinding  the  use  of  the  guarantee  legend 
and  serial  number  on  food  and  drug  products.  The  utility  of 
these  has  frequently  been  brought  into  question.  It  would  seem, 
too,  that  they  have  caused  confusion  in  the  minds  of  many 
final  customers  and  have  been  incorrectly  interpreted  by  a 
great  many.  While  the  fundamental  idea  is  very  good,  we 
submit  that  the  time  permitted  in  the  ruling  to  dispose  of 
stocks  on  hand  is  not  sufficient.  We  believe  a  great  many 
manufacturers  will  have  on  hand  considerable  quantities  of 
expensive  labels,  cartons,  lithographed  tins  and  other  containers 
on  which  the  legend  referred  to  appears.  Since  the  use  of  this 
phrase  was  suggested  by  the  Government  and  manufacturers 
have  used  it  in  good  faith,  we  believe  that  the  time  should  be 
extended  so  that  the  packages  or  containers  carrying  the  now 
proscribed  wording  may  be  used  up  without  inflicting  hardship 
or  loss  upon  manufacturers  and  other  dealers.  It  would  seem 
unfortimate  that  this  ruling  covers  only  food  and  drugs  and 
that  the  guarantee  and  serial  number  are  to  be  continued  for 
the  present,  at  least,  on  insecticides  and  fungicides.  As  the 
enforcement  of  both  laws  is  in  the  hands  of  the  same  officials, 
and  if  it  is  advisable  to  eliminate  the  clause  referred  to  from 
food  and  drugs,  it  would  seem  that  it  would  be  equally  advisable 
to  have  it  removed  from  insecticides  and  fungicides." 


Lehn  &  Fink — 

"This  is  undoubtedly  a  wise  move  from  the  Govern- 
ment's standpoint,  for  it  is  undoubtedly  true  that  ia  sporadic 
instances  the  public  has  been  misled  by  such  legends  to  believe 
that  the  merchandise  to  which  they  relate  had  been  examined 
or  approved  by  the  Government.  Admitting  that  it  is  a  wise 
move,  it  naturally  follows  that  we  approve  of  it.  A  great  many 
of  our  labels  will  become  useless  after  May  15,  1915,  for  it  is 
impossible  for  us  to  use  up  all  of  them  by  that  time,  but  let 
us  be  sanguine  and  hope  by  that  time  a  new  order  will  be 
promulgated  which  may  compel  us  to  put  the  legend  on  again, 
so  we  may  be  a!l  right  after  all." 


Sharp  &  Dohme — 

"We  feel,  in  reference  to  the  new  ruling,  that  there  is  no 
occasion  to  eliminate  it  now  that  it  has  been  in  force  so  many 
years.  The  fact  that  the  name  of  the  guarantor,  representing 
the  manufacturer,  is  now  required  as  part  of  the  legend  should, 
ai-d  in  our  judgment  does,  eliminate  all  danger  of  the  legend 
being  misleading,  although,  be 'ore  this  was  required  there  was, 
doubtless,  much  misrepresentation  practiced  by  unscrupulous 
houses.  In  view,  however,  of  the  fact  that  the  regulation 
abolishing  the  legend  has  been  promulgated  by  the  three  secre- 
taries, we  think  they  should  permit  the  use  of  present  labels 
with  the  legend  cancelled  with  indelible  ink,  until  such  time 
as  manufacturers  can  replace  existing  stocks  without  unneces- 
sarily destroying  their  property  in  labels,  which  in  many  cases 


runs  into  the  thousands  of  dollars.  In  our  judgment,  the 
regulation  should  read  that  on  and  after  a  certain  date,  say 
May  1,  1915,  no  package  shall  be  permissible  upon  the  shelves 
of  dealers  containing  the  legend,  but  cancellation  by  indelible 
ink  sliall  be  considered  as  an  elimination  of  said  legend.  It 
will  not  affect  the  honorable  manufacturer,  who  will  guarantee 
his  goods  whether  they  contain  the  legend  or  not,  and  it 
probably  will  not  affect  the  wholesale  and  relail  dealer,  because 
practically  all  manufacturers  will  continue  to  guarantee  their 
goods.  Even  the  independent  or  unscrupulous  manufacturer 
will  hesitate  to  refuse  to  support  the  dealer  should  his  goods 
be  found  wanting  while  in  the  hands  of  the  dealer." 


The   H.   K.   Mulford  Company — 

The  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.  enclosed  a  copy  of  the  following 
letter  which  was  sent  by  them  on  May  19  to  Secretaries  Red- 
field,  ^Ic.\doo  and  Houston : 

"We  are  in  receipt  of  copy  of  the  ruling  issued  by  the  Food 
and  Drug  Inspection  Commission  prohibiting  the  use  of  the 
guaranty  number  on  labels  and  wrappers  printed  after  May 
1,  1915.  Orders  have  this  day  been  issued  to  discontinue 
stamping  the  guaranty  number  on  labels,  wrappers  and  cir- 
culars printed  from  this  date.  Since  we  manufacture  a  great 
number  of  pharmaceutical  preparations,  many  of  which  are 
sold  in  small  quantities,  we  are  obliged  to  order  a  sufficient 
number  of  labels,  w-rappers,  boxes,  etc.,  at  one  time  to  last 
for  several  years,  and  respectfully  ask  if  we  may  be  permitted 
to  use  after  May  1,  1915,  the  labels  and  wrappers  that  we 
may  have  in  stock  bearing  the  guaranty  number  as  printed  per 
sample  submitted.  .'\s  representing  one  of  many  containers 
ordered,  we  are  submitting  under  separate  cover  a  package  of 
Crystal  Pastilles.  You  will  note  the  label  specifically  states 
Ihat  the  product  is  guaranteed  by  the  H.  K.  Mulford  Company, 
and  by  no  means  can  the  purchaser  be  led  to  believe  they  hove 
been  examined  and  approved  by  the  Government.  Inasmuch 
as  we  will  doubtless  lose  many  thousands  of  dollars  if  we 
are  unable  to  use  these  and  similar  containers,  we  hope  you 
uill  give  our  request  your  most  careful  consideration.  What 
will  be  your  decision  in  regard  to  the  serial  number  in  the 
Insecticide  Act?  \'ery  truly  yours, 

"H.    K.    MULPORD    COMP.\NY, 


McKesson  &  Robbins — 

"We  think  that  a  grave  mistake  is  being  made  in  forbidding 
the  guarantee  legend  on  labels.  Now,  every  retailer  and  every 
jobber  will  have  to  keep  a  file  of  guarantees  from  every  manu- 
facturer from  whom  they  buy  and  refer  to  it  each  time  he 
receives  any  goods,  to  assure  himself  that  he  is  safe  in  sell'ng 
them.  Would  not  the  jobbers  display  good  judgment  if  they 
guaranteed  on  their  invoices  only  such  articles  as  they  made 
themselves  and  allowed  the  manufacturers  to  furnish  their 
guarantees  to  the  retailer  direct?  When  the  retailer  sells  in 
an  original  package,  or  in  a  prescription,  a  product  whose 
label  bears  a  guarantee,  he  feels  reasonably  sure  that  it  is 
pure;  this  regulation  will  require  him  to  write  the  manufac- 
turer before  he  dares  use  it." 


GUARANTY    SERIAL    NUMBER    ABOLISHED. 


WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  May  20.— The  legend  "Guaran- 
teed Under  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act"  is  held  to  be 
misleading  and  deceptive,  and  the  use  of  a  serial 
number  on  food  and  drugs  is  prohibited  after  May  1,  1915, 
by  a  food  inspection  decision  signed  May  5  by  the  Secretaries 
of  the  Treasury,  Agriculture  and  Commerce.  The  taking  effect 
of  the  new  regulation  is  postponed  until  May  1,  1915,  in 
order  to  give  manufacturers  an  opportunity  to  use  up  their 
present  stocks  of  labels. 

After  May  1,  1915,  guarantees  of  compliance  with  the  law 
should  be  given  by  manufacturers  directly  to  dealers,  and 
should  be  incorporated  in  the  invoice  or  bill  of  sale  specifying 
the  goods  covered.  This  guaranty  should  not  appear  on  the 
label  or  package  of  the  product. 

Reasons  for  Action. 
The  reasons  for  the  action  of  the  three  secretaries,  as  given 
in  the  decision,  are  as  follows : 

"(a)  It  having  been  determined  that  the  legends 
'Guaranteed  under  the  Food  and  Drugs  .\ct,  June  30, 
1906,'  and  'Guaranteed  by  (name  of  guarantor)  under 
the  Food  and  Drugs  .\ct,  June  30,  1906,'  borne  on  the 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


293 


labels  or  packages  of  food  and  drugs,  accompanied  by 
serial  numbers  given  by  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture, 
are  each  misleading  and  deceptive,  in  that  the  public 
is  induced  by  such  legends  and  serial  numbers  to 
believe  that  the  articles  to  which  they  relate  have  been 
examined  and  approved  by  the  Government  and  that 
the  Government  guarantees  that  they  comply  with  the 
law,  the  use  of  either  legend,  or  any  similar  legend, 
on   labels  or  packages  should   be  discontinued. 

"Inasmuch   as   the    acceptance    by    the    Secretary    of 
Agriculture   for   filing   of   the   guaranties  of   manufac- 
turers  and   dealers   and    the   giving   by   him    of    serial 
numbers  thereto  contribute  to  the  deceptive  character 
of  legends  on  labels  and  packages,  no  guaranty  in  any 
form  shall  hereafter  be  filed  with  and  no  serial  num- 
ber  shall   hereafter   be   given   to   any   guaranty   by   the 
Secretary  of   Agriculture.     All   guaranties  now  on   file 
with    the    Secretary    of    Agriculture    shall    be    stricken 
from  the  files,  and  the  serial  numbers  assigned  to  such 
guaranties   shall   be   cancelled." 
Many    reputable    manufacturers    have    used    the    legend    and 
serial   number    in    good    faith    solely    as   a    convenient    way    of 
notifying   a   dealer   that   they   assumed   full   legal   responsibility 
for    their    goods.      Other    manufacturers    have    employed    this 
legend  in  such  way  as  to  lead  the  public  to  believe  that  their 
product   had    been   passed   upon    and   certified    by   the   Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture.     The  widespread  deception  of  the  public 
resulting,   necessitated   abolishing  the   Department's   practice  of 
accepting   guaranties    for   filing   and    issuing   serial   numbers. 

The  Food  and  Drugs  Act  does  not  prescribe  any  guaranty 
legend  or  serial  number,  nor  has  any  manufacturer  ever  been 
required  to  file  a  guaranty  or  to  use  a  serial  number  or  the 
legend.  The  appearance  of  the  serial  number  and  the  guaranty 
legend  on  the  products,  moreover,  has  been  of  no  material 
assistance  to  the  Government  in  detecting  or  prosecuting 
violations  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  nor  has  it  promoted 
the  manufacture  and  sale  of  pure  foods  or  drugs. 

The  only  mention  of  a  guaranty  in  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act 
is  Section  9,  which  provides  that  where  a  dealer  can  show  a 
guaranty  from  the  maker  of  goods  that  they  comply  with  the 
law,  the  manufacturer,  and  not  the  dealer,  shall  be  amenable 
to  prosecution. 

History  of  the  Guaranty  Legend. 
The  manufacturers  believed  it  to  be  commercially  incon- 
venient to  give  a  separate  guaranty  as  part  of  the  bill  of  sale 
or  invoice  to  every  dealer  with  every  interstate  shipment  of 
their  goods,  and  soon  after  the  passage  of  the  act  in  1906, 
acked  the  committee,  appointed  by  the  three  secretaries  to 
draft  regulations,  to  allow  them  to  file  a  blanket  guaranty  to 
dealers  at  Washington  under  which  the  makers  of  goods  would 
assume  full  legal  responsibility  for  all  goods  manufactured  by 
them  and  shipped  into  interstate  commerce.  This  guaranty 
was  not  in  any  sense  to  be  a  guaranty  to  or  by  the  Govern- 
ment, but  was  merely  to  be  a  guaranty  protecting  the  dealer 
from  prosecution  in  accordance  with  Section  9  of  the  Food 
and  Drugs  Act.  This  permission  was  granted,  and  the 
department  assigned  a  serial  number  to  each  of  the  guaranties 
so  filed.  The  manufacturer  was  then  allowed  to  use  this 
serial  number  on  this  label  in  connection  with  the  legend 
"Guaranteed  under  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  June  30,  1906." 
There  was  no  requirement,  however,  that  any  manufacturer 
should  file  such  a  guaranty. 

A  large  proportion  of  the  public  took  these  words  to  mean 
that  the  Government  in  some  way  guaranteed  the  article.  In 
an  endeavor  to  make  it  clear  that  the  guarantee  was  not  the 
guarantee  of  the  Government,  the  legend  was  amended  Dec.  8, 
1908,  to  read  "Guaranteed  by  (name  of  guarantor)  under  the 
Food  and  Drugs  .Act,  June  30,  1906."  The  public,  however, 
persisted  in  taking  these  words,  even  after  the  amended  form 
was  employed,  to  mean  that  the  Federal  Government  had 
actually  analyzed  and  found  the  product  so  labeled  to  be  pure 
and  wholesome  and  of  standard  quality.  This  misinterpre- 
tation on  the  part  of  the  public  was,  in  some  cases,  encouraged 
by  manufacturers,  and  there  is  no  question  that  the  serial 
number  and  legend  were  used  in  some  instances  to  increase  the 
sale  of  highly  undesirable  foods  and  drugs  for  interstate 
shipment  of  which  the  manufacturers  were  later  prosecuted 
and  fined. 

The  only  guaranty  approved  by  the  new  regulation  for  use 
after  May   1,    1915,   is   the  individual   guaranty   identifying   the 


goods  sold  by  the  manufacturer  to  the  dealer.  This  guaranty 
can  be  incorporated  in  the  invoice  or  bill  of  sale  specifying 
the  goods  covered  by  use  of  a  form,  stamped  or  printed  in 
the  document,  and  signed  by  the  manufacturer.  When  the 
goods  are  properly  described  in  the  document,  they  can  be 
referred  to  in  the  guaranty,  without  repetition  of  the  detailed 
description  contained  in  the  invoice  or  bill  of  sale.  This 
guaranty  should  not  appear  on  the  label  or  package  of  the 
product.  In  the  meanwhile  the  public  is  notified  that  the 
presence  of  a  serial  number  and  the  words  "Guaranteed  under 
the  Food  and  Drugs  Act"  on  packages  merely  means  a  guar- 
anty to  the  dealer  that  the  manufacturer  is  legally  responsible 
for  his  goods,  and  in  no  sense  implies  that  the  Federal  author- 
ity has  invest  gated  or  approved  the  quality  of  the  goods  so 
labeled. 

The  remainder  of  the  regulation  which  deals  with  the  method 
of  using  the  guaranty  is  as  follows: 

"(b)  The  use  on  the  label  or  package  of  any  food 
or  drug  of  any  serial  number  required  to  be  cancelled 
by   paragraph    (a)    of  this   regulation   is   prohibited. 

"(c)  Any  wholesaler,  manufacturer,  jobber  or  other 
party  residing  in  the  United  States  may  furnish  to 
any  dealer  to  whom  he  sells  any  article  of  food  or 
drug  a  guaranty  that  such  article  is  not  adulterated 
or  misbranded  within  the  meaning  of  the  Food  and 
Drugs  Act,  June  30,   1906,  as  amended. 

"(d)  Each  guaranty  to  afford  protection  shall  be 
signed  by,  and  shall  contain  the  name  and  address  of, 
the  wholesaler,  manufacturer,  jobber,  dealer,  or  other 
party  residing  in  the  United  States  making  the  sale  of 
the  article  or  articles  covered  by  it  to  the  dealer,  and 
shall  be  to  the  effect  that  such  article  or  articles  are 
not  adulterated  or  misbranded  within  the  meaning  of 
the   Federal  Food  and  Drugs  Act. 

"(e)  Each  guaranty  in  respect  to  any  article  or 
articles  should  be  incorporated  in  or  attached  to  the 
bill  of  sale,  invoice,  bill  of  lading,  or  other  schedule, 
giving  the  names  and  quantities  of  the  article  or 
articles  sold,  and  should  not  appear  on  the  labels  or 
packages. 

"(f)  No  dealer  in  food  or  drug  products  will  be 
liable  to  prosecution  if  he  can  establish  that  the  articles 
were  sold  under  a  guaranty  given  in  compliance  with 
this   regulation." 


First    Pharmaceutical    Experiment    Station. 

In  accordance  with  a  law  passed  by  the  Wisconsin  Legis- 
lature last  year  providing  for  the  establishment  of  a  pharma- 
ceutical experiment  station  in  the  department  of  pharmacy  of 
the  State  University,  the  regents  of  that  institution  have 
recently  adopted  a  plan  of  organization  and  confirmed  the 
following  appointments  constituting  the  staff  of  the  station : 
C.  K.  Van  Hise,  Ph.D.,  LL.D.,  president  of  the  universitv; 
E.  A.  Birge,  Ph.D.,  Sc.D.,  LL.D.,  dean  of  the  College  of 
Letters  and  Science;  Edward  Kremers,  Ph.G.,  Ph.D.,  director; 
R.  H.  Denniston,  Ph.G.,  Ph.D.,  pharmacognosist ;  H.  A. 
Langenhan,  Ph.G.,  B.S.,  pharmacist;  Emerson  R.  Miller, 
Ph.C,  M.S.,  chemist;  G.  A.  Russel,  Ph.G.,  B.S.,  Govern- 
ment expert;  F.  A.  Federer,  Ph.G.,  field  and  laboratory 
assistant,   and   H.   W.   Tuft,   office   and   laboratory   assistant. 

The  introduction  of  the  measure  creating  the  station  fol- 
lowed the  action  of  the  Wisconsin  Pharmaceutical  .Association 
which  was  embodied  in  a  resolution  adopted  at  the  meeting^ 
held  at  Delavan  in  1912,  the  bill  as  finally  passed  by  the 
Legislature  becoming  a  law  last  July.  In  this  effort  the 
pharmacists  of  Wisconsin  have  the  credit  of  putting  into  active 
operation  the  first  pharmaceutical  experiment  station  ever  es- 
tablished. Under  the  law  the  duties  of  the  station  are  to> 
co-operate  with  the  bureau  of  plant  industry  of  the  depart- 
ment of  agriculture  for  the  cultivation  of  medicinal  plants 
and  to  disseminate  such  information  as  may  lead  to  the  proper 
cultivation  of  medicinal  plants  and  the  production  of  high- 
grade  vegetable  drugs  within  the  State;  and  also,  to  serve  the 
public  at  large  by  co-operation  with  pharmacists  and  phy- 
sicians in  securing  for  the  sick  the  best  medicines  that  phar- 
maceutical science  and  art  can  provide.  The  station  will  also 
co-operate  wiUi  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  the  State  Board 
of  Health  and  the  Dairy  and  Food  Commission  to  bring  about 
the  results  named. 


'M 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


1.   What  .^Retail  Druggists  Really  Need  —  A  Symposium. 


IN  the  presentation  of  any  discussion  of  such  a  subject  as  this  now  under  consideration  there  is  little  necessity  for  an 
explanation — every  reader  is  directly  interested  m  what  successful  druggists  have  done  and  are  doing  to  ensure  success, 
and  what  methods  lliey  have  pursued  to  meet  changing  conditions.  The  following  contributions  are  from  Nationally- 
known  druggists  in  widely  separated  sections  of  the  country,  thus  removing  the  discussion  as  far  as  possible  from  the  influence 
of  purely  local  conditions,  at  the  same  time  emphasizing  how  local  demands  of  a  general  character  have  been  and  are  being 
met.     Similar  articles  on  the  same  general  topic  will  be  a  feature  of  the  Era  during  tlie  next  few  months. 


Must  Be  Both'Pharmacist  and  Merchant. 


By  DAVID  R.  MILLARD. 
Junior  Member  Morgan  &  Millard,  South  and  Baltimore 
streets,  Baltimore. 
^  ^fryHE   drug   business   offers   greater   opportunities   today 
I      than  ever  before,  tliough,  of  course,  those  who  engage 
-*-    therein  must  be  prepared  to  adjust  themselves  to  new 
conditions.      The    musty,    untidy    old    shop,    with    its    peculiar 
smells  and  its  want  of  conveniences,  is  a  thing  of  the  past  and 
is   not   to   be   regarded   as   evidence   of 
conservatism   and    of   thoroughness,    but 
of  decay.   Never  before  has  the  standard 
set  for  young  men  who  desire  to  enter 
the  profession  of  pharmacy  been  so  high 
as  at  present.     The  University  of  Mary- 
land,  for   instance,   will,   when  the  next 
session    opens    in    the    Fall,    require    of 
matiriculates  what   amounts   in   effect   to 
^      a  college  education  as  a  preliminary.    As 
9      a   consequence,   a   better   class  of  young 
■m;-m\  -M     "'*^"  ^^''"  ^'^  attracted  than  ever  before. 
'^'^mJJH      The  pay  of  drug  clerks  is  about  twice 
^^^1     as  high  as  it  was  10  years  ago,  and  this 

^^ BH.     also    helps    to    attract    a    more    capable 

class,  the  low  salaries  previously  paid 
D.  R.  MrLL.\RD  having  resulted  in  a  pronounced  scarcity 
of  clerks,  which  naturally  forced  up  the 
pay  imtil  at  the  present  time  the  rewards  are  decidedly  attrac- 
tive. On  the  other  hand,  fewer  drug  stores  are  being  opened 
than  before.  In  this  city  it  will  be  found  probably  that  not- 
withstanding the  increase  in  population  the  number  of  stores 
has  been  increased  by  hardly  more  than  three  in  the  past  year. 
So  much  more  capita!  is  required  in  stocking  up,  but  especially 
in  furnishing  stores,  that  this  of  itself  tends  to  limit  the  num- 
ber of  pharmacies. 

"Along  with  the  larger  capital  required  to  engage  in  the 
business  the  profits  have  become  smaller.  The  greatest  menaces 
to  the  drug  trade  at  the  present  time  are  "chain  stores"  and 
"cut  prices."  In  every  other  line  of  business  the  merchant 
endeavors  to  ascertain  how  much  the  traffic  will  stand  and 
how  much  the  public  will  pay  for  goods.  The  'cut  price' 
druggist,  on  the  other  hand,  tries  to  see  how  low  he  can  sell 
goods  without  going  to  the  wall.  We  have  never  experienced 
any  trouble  in  getting  a  fair  price  or  even  a  higher  one.  In 
various  instances  when  we  have  had  to  raise  the  price  of 
certa-n  preparations,  because  of  the  advance  made  by  manu- 
facturers, we  have  found  our  customers  to  be  perfectly  satisfied 
to  pay  more  after  an  explanation  and  have  not  lost  a  single 
one.  I  mention  this  merely  to  show  that  there  is  no  real 
necessity  for  this  cutting  of  prices  which  has  come  to  be  a 
feature  of  the  drug  trade.  I  am  of  the  opinion  that  if  Con- 
gress passes  the  bill  permitting  manufacturers  of  trade-marked 
articles  to  fix  the  price  at  which  retailers  shall  sell  the  goods 
it  will  be  a  great  thing  for  the  druggist,  because  a  large  part 
of  his  business  is  in  trade-marked  goods. 

"The  druggist  in  the  East  is  in  a  better  position  than  his 
fellow  pharmacist  in  the  West,  because  the  former  has  not 
ever  suffered  from  the  practice  of  physicians  prescribing  their 
own  medicines  to  the  extent  experienced  in  the  West.  Here 
the  relations  between  the  druggist  and  the  physician  are  gen- 
erally more  reciprocal  and  this  helps  the  pharmacist.  In  spite 
of  this,  however,  the  money  is  not  now  made  on  prescriptions, 
but  on  other  goods.  In  other  words,  o  druggist  must  not  only 
be  a  pharmacist  but  a  merchant  as  well.  He  must  look  to 
side-lines  to  make  his  business  pay,  and  finds  novelties  and 
specialties,  bought  at  advantageous  prices  and  closed  out  quickly 


particularly  profitable.  The  prescription  business  alone  will 
not  enable  the  druggist  to  make  a  living;  in  fact,  it  has  become 
the  least  profitable  and  the  least  desirable  portion  of  the 
business,  viewed  solely  from  a   trade  standpoint. 

"Taking  tlie  average  price  of  a  prescription  at  40  cents, 
and  assuming  that  a  store  gets  75  prescriptions  in  a  day — 
which  is  what  some  stores  average — and  it  will  require  at  least 
three  clerks  to  put  up  these  prescriptions,  for  which  the  drug 
store  receives  $30.  Allowing  ?5  a  clay  for  the  clerk,  which  is 
?15,  and  $5  or  $6  for  the  material  that  goes  into  the  prescrip- 
tions the  proprietor  is  put  to  an  expense  of  $20  or  more  with- 
out any  deduction  for  rent  and  other  expenses.  His  margin 
of  profit,  it  can  readily  be  seen,  is  not  large,  and  in  addition 
he  will  have  to  wait  for  his  money.  In  the  time  it  takes  to  put 
up  a  prescription  a  clerk  can  sell  several  brushes  or  other 
articles,  netting  a  larger  profit,  and  the  transaction  is  closed, 
the  money  being  paid  over  the  counter  without  any  further 
bookkeeping  or  other  details. 

"A  prescription,  on  the  other  hand,  may  be  heard  from 
later.  You  are  responsible  not  only  for  your  own  shortcomings 
or  whatever  else  it  may  be,  but  for  those  of  a  druggist  who 
may  have  put  up  the  original  prescription.  Take  the  case  of 
a  man  coming  to  Baltimore  from  New  York.  He  had  a  pre- 
scription originally  compounded  in  New  York,  but  finding  that 
he  must  stay  here  for  several  weeks  or  months,  he  has  it 
filled  in  a  Baltimore  drug  store.  If  the  preparation  happens 
to  be  of  a  slightly  different  color  it  will  excite  comment,  and 
the  customer  will  immediately  complain  that  he  is  not  getting 
the  right  medicine  or  that  the  compound  is  of  inferior  quality, 
whereas  the  Baltimore  druggist  may  have  put  it  up  right, 
while  the  New  York  man  slighted  it  or  made  a  mistake.  This 
calls  for  explanations  which  the  druggist  does  not  like  to  make, 
and  entails  loss  of  time.  Take  a  prescription  extract  of  cherry 
bark.  The  color  may  run  all  the  way  from  light  red  to  dark 
brown,  the  selected  bark  yielding  a  liquid  lighter  than  the  lower 
grades.  Tlie  customer  not  knowing  this,  will  jump  to  the 
conclusion  that  the  preparation  he  gets  from  our  store  is 
inferior,  whereas  the  contrary  is  the  case,  and  yet  it  will  be 
difficult  to  convince  him  of  the  fact. 

"It  used  to  be  that  a  certain  investment  in  simples  would 
suffice  to  do  a  considerable  prescription  business,  but  such  is 
no  longer  the  case.  To  do  the  same  amount  of  business,  you 
will  have  to  spend  perhaps  nine  or  ten  times  as  much  for  the 
ingredients.  Every  manufacturer  turns  out  his  own  brand  of 
pills  and  other  articles,  and  we  get  prescriptions  not  for  quinine 
pills  or  some  other  kind  of  pills,  but  for  S.  &  D.  quinine  pills, 
and  so  on  down  the  list.  There  is  hardly  an  end  to  the  pro- 
prietaries which  are  called  for  in  prescriptions.  You  may  buy 
a  pound  or  an  ounce  of  a  certain  product,  use  a  smalt  portion 
of  it  in  a  prescription  and  not  have  any  further  call  for  the 
product  in  years,  the  profit  you  get  on  the  prescription  being 
utterly  inadequate  to  compensate  you  for  the  original  outlay. 
I  venture  to  say  that  the  prescription  department  is  responsible 
for  more  dead  stock  than  all  the  others  combined,  making  up 
perhaps  90  per  cent,  of  the  total  of  such  dead  stock. 

".■\nd  yet  a  drug  store  cannot  do  without  the  prescription 
department.  It  is  necessary  to  get  prestige.  A  store  without  a 
prescription  department  is  at  once  .suspected  as  being  given 
over  to  quackery  and  to  other  practices  that  are  to  be  dis- 
couraged. But  it  is  the  novelties  that  pay  the  money  these 
daj's.  and  the  druggist  must  be  up  and  doing.  Of  course,  it 
stands  to  reason  that  his  goods  must  be  all  right,  and  that  his 
store  must  be  up-to-date.  In  our  e.xperience  we  have  found 
fixtures  a  good,  though  expensive,  investment.  In  the  18 
years  or  so  in  which  I  have  engaged  in  the  drug  business,  I 
have  spent  perhaps  SI 00,000  in  drug  store  fixtures,  but  it  has 
paid.  Every  now  and  then  something  new  or  a  change  is 
desirable,    for   it    gives   an    impression   of   progressiveness   and 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


295 


serves   to   prevent    a   store    from   taking   on    an    appearance   of 
staleness. 

"In  conclusion,  I  can  only  add  that  there  is  more  money  to 
be  made  in  drug  stores  than  ever  before,  and  that  the  position 
of  the  really  alert  druggist  is  more  secure  than   ever   before." 


Advertise — But  Quote  Prices. 


C.   Dow 


By  A.  M.  HOPKINS. 

General  and  Advertising  Manager  for  M.  Cora  Dow,   of 
Cincinnati,  Ohio. 

^^TN  the  first  place,  we  are  for  advertising,  first,  last  and 
I    all    the    time.      We    believe    that    there    is   value   in    all 
publicity,  but  that  there  is  one  particular  kind — that  is, 
newspaper  advertising — which  is  best  for  a  business  like  ours; 
and,   consequently,   we  have  a  weekly  advertisement   in  one   of 
the  papers,  in  the  same  place  every 
week,   52   weeks   in  the  year,  with 
gossipy  talk  about  special  features 
which    we   think   are    worth    men- 
tioning,  and  with   price  quotations 
on  a  variety  of  other  goods. 

"That  is  one  characteristic  about 
our  advertising  which  is  worth 
noting,  by  the  way — lue  always 
quote  prices — because  that  is  one 
of  the  best  possible  ways  of  making 
an  advertisement  effective.  People 
have  learned  to  look  for  these  regu- 
lar weekly  ads.,  and  they  certainly 
come  to  our  stores  for  the  bargains 
they  find  in  them.  Moreover,  as  I 
say,  we  try  to  insert  some  interest- 
ing talk  about  something  or  other. 
We  are  now  running  for  the  second 
time  a  series  of  short  talks  on  a  number  of  subjects  that  proved 
interesting,  from  the  make-up  and  effect  of  an  enteric  pill  to 
the  way  we  put  up  citrate  of  magnesia. 

"In  those  little  talks  we  tell  people  a  lot  of  things  they 
didn't  know  about  drugs  and  so  forth,  and  it  all  works  out 
for  our  benefit,  either  directly  or  indirectly.  For  example, 
when  we  emphasize  the  necessity  of  care  in  the  preparation  of 
all  kinds  of  drugs,  as  well  as  with  prescriptions,  and  tell  the 
public  that  we  meet  the  strictest  possible  requirements  in  this 
respect,  there  is  plainly  a  strong  argument  in  favor  of  doing 
business  with  us.  And  so  it  goes — all  proving,  as  I  say,  the 
usefulness  of   advertising. 

"Then,  too,  I  might  say  that  we're  positive  cranks  on 
location — good  location.  My  e.xact  meaning  in  this  respect 
may  be  gathered  from  the  fact  that  out  of  the  10  stores  in 
the  string — 11  soon  to  be — all  but  two  are  in  the  downtown 
district  of  the  city,  and  most  of  them  in  the  very  busiest 
section,  in  the  heart  of  the  activities  of  Cincinnati.  We  have 
just  two  suburban  stores,  and  I  think  I  am  safe  in  saying  that 
we  will  never  have  any  more. 

"Why?  Well,  because  there's  more  money  in  running  them 
downtown.  That's  the  best  reason  I  know.  You  see,  it  takes 
just  as  much  money,  in  every  item  except  rent,  and  just  as 
much  time  and  stock  and  so  forth,  to  keep  a  suburban  store 
going  as  it  does  one  in  the  heart  of  the  city ;  and,  naturally, 
the  profit  is  much  less,  because  no  such  volume  of  business  is 
possible,  even  in  the  most  favorable  suburban  location,  as  in 
a  good  downtown  store.  That  is  why  our  policy  may  now  be 
said  to  be  to  confine  our  business  to  the  business  section. 

"Another  point  as  to  location  is  that  we  must  have  corners — 
because,  emphasizing  the  importance  of  the  factor  of  location 
as  we  do,  corners  are  obviously  the  only  thing  for  us.  Corners 
mean  just  twice  as  much  window  space  as  can  be  had  in  an 
interior  location,  which  is  an  important  point ;  and,  therefore, 
while  they  cost  a  good  deal  more  in  rent,  we  are  convinced 
tl  t  they  are  worth  the  difference.  No  druggist,  in  my  opinion, 
should  think  of  trying  to  do  business  in  an  interior  location. 
"Of  course,  I  realize  that  there  is  not  room  in  every  city  for 
every  druggist  to  do  business  in  the  downtown  section;  and, 
too,  there  is  a  real  call  for  the  suburban  neighborhood  drug- 
gist, and  good  business  for  such  stores,  properly  located  and 
managed.  I  am  not  overlooking  these  things  when  I  outline 
our  own  policy. 


"The  real  trouble  with  the  druggist  who  finds  himself  fall- 
ing behind  in  the  race  for  business  nowadays  is  that  which 
is  indicated  in  that  simile — his  failure  to  keep  up  with  the 
times.  For  example,  I  venture  to  say  that  even  now  there  are 
many  druggists  who  haven't  the  slightest  idea  what  it  costs 
them  to  do  business,  and  have  no  idea  that  it  is  worth  while 
to  find  out.  They  don't  know  how  to  fix  prices  scientifically. 
They  think  that  if  an  article  costs  them  75  cents  and  they  sell 
it  for  a  dollar  they  are  making  25  cents,  when,  as  a  matter  of 
fact,  they  may  be  losing  money  at  that  figure. 

"Then,  too,  the  old-fashioned  druggist  does  not  realize  the 
vital  necessity  nowadays  of  keeping  constantly  on  the  lookout 
for  side-lines  that  will  sell.  Notice  that  qualification — side- 
lines that  will  sell.  There  are  a  thousand  and  one  lines  to 
carry,  but  the  problem,  as  I  have  seen  it,  is  to  select  those 
which  will  sell  readily  and  at  a  fair  profit.  There  is  the 
danger,  on  the  one  hand,  of  getting  stuff  that  must  carry  too 
high  a  price  to  move  readily,  and,  on  the  other,  of  finding  that 
the  five-and-ten-cent  stores  can  undersell  you  on  the  mer- 
chandise if  it  is  too  cheap.  The  druggist  must,  if  he  wants 
to  succeed,  find  the  happy  medium,   and  stick  to  it. 

"There  are  other  things  which  might  be  said  along  this  line, 
but  I  think  I  have  indicated  the  principal  points.  People  say 
that  the  drug  business  is  more  difficult  than  it  used  to  be,  and, 
in  a  way,  it  is;  but  the  successful  druggist  is  more  of  a 
money-maker  nowadays  than  he  ever  was,  because  he  is  more 
of  a  merchant.  And,  as  you  will  observe,  practically  every- 
thing I  have  said  goes  to  show  exactly  that." 


A  Creed  for  a  Paying  Trade. 

By   E.   H.   CONE. 

Prescription  Specialist,  Pryor  and  Decatur  streets,  Atlanta,  Ga. 

^^TI-QW   trade — paying  trade — can   be  built.     This  covers 

I — I     quite  a  bit  of  ground.     I  agree  that  pessimism  has  no 

-*-        place    in    the    drug    business,    or   any   other    business. 

The   germ   of   fear  will   eventually   kill   any   business,    and   the 

usefulness  of   the  man  who  cultivates   it. 

"I  believe  that  the  retail  drug  busi- 
ness is  an  easier  profession  than  that 
of  lawyer,  doctor  or  dentist.  I  know 
it  is  easier  than  that  of  drug  manufac- 
turer or  jobber,  as  I  have  had  eight 
years  of  those  before  I  became  a  retailer 
on  my  'own  hook.' 

"I  believe  the  future  holds  more  good 
than  the  past.  I  have  always  obtained 
pleasure  from  my  work.  It  is  hard, 
vexing,  and  not  without  its  responsibili- 
ties; but  what  line  of  serious  endeavor 
is  not? 

"I  consider  a  creed  like  the  above 
essential  as  a  starting  point  in  building 
a  "paying  trade."  We  have  all  passed 
through  a  trade  depression.  When  we 
saw  it  coming  we  shifted  from  featuring 

$3.00  hair  brushes  and  50-cent  tooth  brushes  to  the  lower- 
price  kind;  from  a  dollar  a  pound  candy  to  50  cents,  60  cents 
and  80  cents.  This  kept  up  our  volume  so  necessary  when 
overhead  expenses  are  fixed. 

"We  spent  month  after  month  the  same  fi.xed  percentage  of 
our  sales  for  advertising.  Service,  clean,  bright  merchandise, 
attractively  displayed,  windows  changed  every  two  days  (be- 
cause we  had  more  time)   produced  the  necessary  sales. 

"Periods  of  depression  have  been  marked  by  slow  recovery 
of  normal  trade  conditions  because  of  fear  of  their  recurrence. 

"The  new  Currency  Bill  with  the  Regional  Bank  feature 
will  correct  this  to  such  a  degree  that  short  crops  and  mani- 
pulations by  money  interests  will  not  seriously  affect  commerce." 

Secretary  E.  W.  Eunyon  Convalescent. 

Edward  W.  Runyon,  of  Boericke  &  Runyon  Co.,  homeopathic 
pharmacists,  14  W.  38th  street,  New  York,  assistant  secretary 
of  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy,  has  so  far  recovered 
from  a  serious  attack  of  pneumonia  as  to  be  able  to  sit  up. 
Prof.  Runyon,  who  occupied  the  chair  of  pharmacy  and  was 
dean  of  the  California  College  of  Pharmacy  during  the  '80s, 
has  an  extended  acquaintance  in  the  drug  trade  and  his  many 
friends  are  wishing  him  an  early  return  to  health. 


E.  H.   Cone 


296 


THE    PHARilACEUTlCAL    EKA 


[June,  191-4 


Drug  Laws  and  Rulings 


TT.S.    Net    Weight    Law    Now    Effective The    three 

secretaries — Treasury,  Agriculture  and  Commerce — have  signed 
the  regulations  for  carrying  out  the  so-called  net  weight  law 
which  compels  manufacturers  to  make  a  clear  statement  of 
the  weight,  volume  or  contents  on  their  packages  of  food, 
shipped  in  interstate  commerce  or  sold  in  the  District  of 
Columbia  or  tlie  territories.  These  regulations  became  effective 
at  once,  although  the  law  was  passed  March  13,  1913.  Under 
tlie  law  all  packages,  bottles  or  otiier  containers  holding  more 
than  two  ounces  avoirdupois  or  more  than  one  fluid  ounce 
must  be  marked,  and  the  volume  of  liquids  must  be 
computed  at  6S''F.  The  quantity  stated  must  represent  the 
actual  quantity  of  food,  exclusive  of  wrappings  and  container. 
In  general,  solids  must  be  stated  in  terms  of  weight  and 
liquids  in  terms  of  volume.  Semi-solid  foods  or  mi.xtures  of 
liquids  and  solids  may  be  stated  either  by  weight  or  measure, 
but  the  statement  must  be  clear  as  to  which  method  is  era- 
ployed.  The  regulation  also  permits  the  statement  of  minimum 
volume  or  weight  as  "minimum  weight  12  ounces,"  "minimum 
volume  1  gallon,"  "not  less  than  four  ounces,"  etc.,  but  no 
variation  below  the  stated  quantity  will  be  permitted.  The 
regulations  permit  tolerances  or  variations  in  packages  where 
the  discrepancies  are  due  exclusively  to  unavoidable  errors  in 
weighing,  measuring  or  counting  which  occur  in  packing  in 
order  to  permit  the  use  of  weighing  and  measuring  machines 
which,  like  human  operators,  cannot  weigh  or  measure  with 
absolute  accuracy  every  package.  The  regulations,  however, 
provide  that  a  run  of  such  packages  must  show  as  many  cases 
of  overweight  and  as  much  e.\cess  as  it  does  cases  of  under- 
weight or  undervolume.  Similarly  in  the  case  of  bottles  which 
cannot  be  blown  with  absolute  accuracy,  tolerances  are  allowed, 
but  with  the  same  proviso  that  the  run  of  bottles  must  show 
as  much  excess  in  volume  as  deficiency  in  volume.  A  manu- 
facturer who  uses  some  special  bottle  of  odd  shape  cannot 
claim  a  greater  variation  because  of  the  difficulty  of  blowing 
or  manufacturing  such  a  bottle  or  container. 

Bars  Down  for  Drug  tlsers  Through  a  Kansas 
Amendment. — Cocaine  and  morphine  may  be  sold  in  the 
State  of  Kansas  to  any  and  all  persons,  according  to  a  de- 
cision .-^pril  23,  by  Judge  Brady.  In  giving  the  decision  the 
judge  blamed  the  Legislature  of  1913  for  an  amendment  to 
the  "drug  act"  which  permits  a  return  to  the  sale  of  "two  of 
the  most  dangerous  habit-producing  drugs."  The  decision  was 
given  in  the  case  of  F.  E.  Orr,  a  druggist  at  11th  street  and 
Osage  avenue,  Wichita,  who  was  charged  with  selling  mor- 
phine. "There  is  absolutely  no  law  under  which  Mr.  Orr  can 
be  convicted  on  this  charge  of  selling  morphine,"  Judge  Brady 
said.  "The  carelessness,  wilful  neglect  or  ignorance  of  the 
last  Legislature  absolutely  protects  sellers  of  cocaine  and 
morphine.  The  law  of  1909  provided  it  could  be  sold  only 
■on  prescription  from  a  physician.  The  1913  Legislature  so 
amended  the  law  that  it  is  capable  of  only  one  construction 
and  that  is  that  any  druggist  may  sell  morphine  or  cocaine 
upon  obtaining  the  signature  of  the  purchaser."  W.  H,  Hen- 
rion,  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  on  May  4 
issued  a  warning  from  the  board  which  advised  druggists  not 
to  consider  the  ruling  by  Judge  Brady,  on  the  ground  that 
Judge  Brady's  decision  is  not  in  accord  with  the  law,  that 
neither  morphine  nor  cocaine  can  be  sold  except  on  the  pre- 
scription of  a  physician,  and  that  the  board  will  prosecute  any 
druggist  who  fails  to  observe  this  legal   regulation. 

Drastic  Drug  Begulation  Bill  in  Massachusetts — • 
After  several  weeks  of  conferences  the  Jlassachusetts  legislative 
committee  on  Public  Health  reported  a  drastic  bill  to  regulate 
the  sale  of  opium,  morphine  and  other  narcotic  drugs.  The 
bill  provides,  briefly,  that  a  prescription  for  opium,  morphine 
or  any  of  the  other  commonly  used  and  dangerous  narcotics 
shall  be  filled  but  once.  The  bill  is  intended  to  prevent  the 
refilling  of  prescriptions  by  persons  addicted  to  the  use  of 
habit-forming  drugs,  or  to  the  clandestine  and  illegal  sale  of 
such  drugs.  The  provisions  of  the  bill  have  been  accepted  by 
representatives  of  the  druggists  and  physicians.  Senator  Ezra 
W.  Clark,  of  Brockton,  the  chairman  of  the  committee,  is  a 
physician.  The  bill  as  reported  provides:  That  after  Jan.  1, 
1915,   it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person,   firm  or  corporation 


to  sell  or  give  away  any  of  the  habit-forming  drugs,  except 
upon  the  written  prescription  or  order  of  a  physician,  dentist 
or  veterinary  surgeon  and  that  it  shall  be  unlawful  to  again 
fill  the  prescription  except  by  order  of  the  prescriber.  This 
does  not  apply  to  patent  preparations  or  other  proprietaries 
sold  exclusively  for  medicinal  purposes.  Violations  of  the  act 
would  be  punishable  by  a  fine  of  from  $50  to  $1000  and  by 
imprisoimient  not  exceeding  one  year.  The  bill  was  later 
passed. 

The  Net  Container  Act  passed  by  the  California  Legis- 
lature has  gone  into  effect.  According  to  this  act,  all  food  prod- 
ucts sold  in  original  packages,  where  the  retail  price  is  11  cents, 
or  more,  must  be  branded  with  a  statement  of  the  weight, 
measure  or  numerical  count.  Generally  speaking,  soda-water 
manufacturers  are  not  affected  by  the  measure,  as  the  price 
of  a  bottle  of  soda  water,  including  the  deposit  on  the  bottle, 
is  but  10  cents.  Most  mineral  waters,  however,  sell  for  more 
than  11  cents  per  bottle  and  will  have  to  be  labeled  with  a 
statement  of  the  contents.  Many  soda  fountains  have  stocks 
of  bottled  goods  on  hand  that  are  not  properly  labeled  and  care 
should  be  taken  that  none  of  these  are  sold  in  original  pack- 
ages. Manufacturers  shipping  extracts,  ice-cream  powders, 
mineral  waters,  or  other  products  intended  for  human  consump- 
tion in  California  should  see  that  they  are  properly  labeled. 
Wholesalers  having  stocks  of  goods  on  hand  not  properly 
labeled  are  affixing  separate  labels  to  have  goods  conform  with 
the  provisions  of  the  new  measure. 

An  inspection  of  100  Milwaukee  drug  stores  by 
R.  W.  Cunliff,  a  special  investigator  connected  with  the  city 
sealer's  office,  showed  that  22  per  cent,  of  the  druggists'  scales 
were  in  error,  43  5/10  of  the  weights  were  in  error  and  37  3/10 
of  the  graduates  were  wrong.  Druggists  to  a  man  agreed  to 
correct  their  scales,  w'eights  and  measures.  Among  the  prin- 
cipal defective  measures  discovered  were  the  graduates.  Sealer 
of  Weights  and  Measures  Jansen  said:  "Eastern  manufac- 
turers who  sell  to  the  Milwaukee  drug  trade  have  disputed 
some  of  the  tests  made  by  the  city  sealer's  department  on  some 
of  these  graduates.  A  number  of  the  condemned  graduates, 
which  are  in  dispute,  were  sent  to  the  Wisconsin  State  dairy 
and  food  commissioner  and  were  given  a  very  rigid  test  in  the 
State  laboratory,  which  has  complete  scientific  equipment  for 
making  most  discriminating  tests  of  this  character.  In  every 
case  the  results  found  by  the  city  sealer's  department  were 
verified   by   the   State   department." 

Ohio  Insecticide  Law  Declared  Illef,al — By  a  recent 
decision  of  Judge  E.  B.  Kinkead,  of  the  Franklin  county,  Ohio, 
court  of  common  pleas,  the  act  of  the  State  Agricultural  Com- 
mission, requiring  payment  of  a  fee  for  the  privilege  of  selling 
insecticides,  was  declared  unconstitutional.  The  judge  held 
that  this  law  levied  a  tax,  which  was  not  in  the  power  of  the 
commission  to  levy.  The  action  which  resulted  in  this  decision 
has  already  been  referred  to  in  the  Era,  and  was  begun  by 
several  large  wholesale  firms  who  were  upheld  by  the  State 
Ph.A.  It  was  alleged  that  the  operation  of  the  act  would 
call  for  the  payment  of  some  $9,000,000  a  year  in  excess  of  the 
costs  of  enforcement.  The  judge  followed  a  previous  decision 
of  the   court   of  appeals   in  regard   to   licensing  automobiles. 

For  Yearly  Inspection  of  Druggists'  Weights  and 
Measures — .A  bill  providing  that  all  scales,  balances,  weights 
and  glass  graduates  used  by  druggists  be  tested  each  year 
instead  of  once  in  three  years,  as  at  present,  has  been  offered 
in  the  Massachusetts  Legislature  by  Representative  White  of 
Newton  as  a  result  of  an  investigation  made  under  the  direc- 
fon  of  Thure  Hanson,  commissioner  of  weights  and  measures. 
In  the  10  days  that  five  inspectors  were  on  the  road  at  the 
time  the  bill  was  introduced  they  found  more  than  2000  weights 
and  scales  inaccurate  in  the  200  drug  stores  visited.  It  was 
announced  that  according  to  this  ratio  nearly  50  per  cent,  of 
the  scales  inspected  will  be  found  incorrect  when  all  the  stores 
shall   have   been   inspected. 

Khode  Island  Passes  Cocaine  Bill — The  Baldwin  bill 
to  put  an  end  to  the  illegal  traffic  in  cocaine,  morphine  and 
other  habit-forming  drugs  has  passed  the  Rhode  Island  House 
of  the  General  Assembly  unanimously.  The  bill  provides  that 
any  person  who  shall  be  found  with  cocaine,  morphine  or  any 
other  similar  drug  on  his  person  and  who  shall  be  convicted 
of  having  the  same  without  having  obtained  it  on  a  physician's 
prescription,  shall  be  subject  to  a  fine  of  not  less  than  $50  nor 
more   thru   SlOO   for  the   first   offence,   and  not   less  than   $100 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


297 


nor  more  than  $200  for  each  succeeding  offence,  and  shall  be 
imprisoned   in   the   county   jail   for  not   more   than   six  months. 

Assault  Followed  Order  for  "Barefoot  Soda." — W.  D. 
Saphar,  of  Oklahoma  City,  entered  the  store  of  the  Roach  & 
Veazey  Drug  Co.  Oct.  15,  1913,  and  asked  for  a  "barefoot 
soda."  The  dispenser  at  the  fountain  told  Saphar  that  he 
served  no  such  drinks  and  was  called  an  unprintable  name. 
A  fight  followed  and  Saphar  was  punched  so  hard  that  he 
brought  suit.  .At  the  trial  a  jury  brought  a  verdict  for  the 
defendant  after  28  minutes'  deliberation.  Now  Saphar  has 
made  a  motion  for  a  new  trial. 

Chicago  Drug  Clerks  Fighting  Narcotics The  Cook 

County  Association  of  Drug  Clerks  has  passed  resolutions  en- 
dorsing the  movement  to  put  a  stop  to  the  sale  of  habit- 
forming  drugs,  commending  the  press  for  its  efforts  in  this 
direction,  and  appealing  to  the  Governor  and  the  general 
public  to  "compel  the  pharmacy  board  of  Illinois  to  enforce  the 
pharmacy  laws  and  to  prosecute  violators  to  the  full  extent 
of  the  law." 

Went  to  the  Police  to  Get  Alcohol Owing  to  the  new 

liquor  regulations  in  Lynn,  ilass.,  which  have  resulted  in  the 
non-granting  of  licenses  to  drug  stores  a  woman  with  a  phy- 
sician's prescription  for  alcohol  for  bathing  purposes  visited 
four  local  drug  stores,  only  to  be  refused  at  each.  She  notified 
her  physician  who  in  turn  notified  the  police,  and  he  was 
informed  that  if  she  would  call  at  the  police  station  she  would 
be  loaned  alcohol  enough  to  bathe  her  patient.     This  she  did. 

Frawley  Anti-Narcotic  Bill  Vetoed Instead  of  per- 
mitting the  Frawley  anti-narcotic  bill  to  die  a  "natural  death" 
by  not  signing  it  within  the  prescribed  30  days,  Governor 
Glynn,  of  New  York,  included  the  measure  in  his  omnibus 
veto  list,  thus  killing  it  by  direct  action.  Senator  Frawley, 
who  introduced  the  bill,  personally  requested  the  veto  in  order 
that  the  provisions  of  the  Boylan  bill,  which  the  Governor 
did  sign,  might  not  be  interfered  with. 

Druggists'  License  Refused  in  Massachusetts. — In 
three  different  communities  in  Massachusetts  recently  the  town 
officials  have  refused  to  grant  sixth-class  liquor  licenses  to 
druggists — Brookline,  Attleboro  and  Leominster.  The  sale  of 
liquor  by  druggists  is  also  barred  in  the  city  of  Lynn.  In 
each  instance,  however,  "pony  express"  licenses  were  granted 
to  express  companies,  giving  them  the  right  to  bring  liquor 
into  the  towns. 

Druggists  Quit  Selling  Liquor — Following  the  recent 
victory  of  the  "dry"  forces  in  the  election  at  Kewanee,  111., 
the  city  council  has  adopted  a  stringent  liquor  ordinance, 
aimed  to  prevent  illegal  sales  of  liquor  in  clubs,  etc.  All  the 
local  drug  stores  have  signed  an  agreement,  voluntarily,  to 
refuse  to  handle  liquor  in  any  form,  even  for  medicinal  pur- 
poses.    The  saloons  closed  iMay    1. 

Wood    Alcohol    Ban    Remains    in    Texas Food    and' 

Drug  Commissioner  C.  O.  Yates,  of  Texas,  has  sent  notice  to 
dealers  in  hair  tonics  and  toilet  preparations  that  he  will 
strictly  enforce  the  ruling  of  former  Commissioner  J.  S.  Abbott 
that  wood  alcohol  cannot  be  used  legally  under  the  Texas  food 
and  drug  laws  in  hair  tonics,  bay  rum  and  similar  preparations. 

Stoughton,  Wis.,  Druggists  have  been  discussing  the 
question  of  refusing  to  fill  the  prescriptions  of  physicians  for 
alcoholic  liquors,  thereby  saving  the  expense  of  securing 
Government  licenses.  Stoughton  w-ent  "dry"  at  the  recent 
Spring  election. 


WALTERS  BILL  SIGNED  BY  GOVERNOR  GLYNN. 


Pharmacists  Placed  Under  pharmacy  Act,  New  iMeas- 
ure   "Alone"   Regulating  Their  Working  Hours. 

GOVERNOR  GLYNN  approved  die  Walters  bill  April 
23.  This  measure  is  an  act  amending  the  public  health 
law,  relative  to  the  practice  of  pharmacy,  as  to  working 
hours  and  sleeping  apartments  in  pharmacies  and  drug  stores. 
It   took   effect   immediately. 

The  pertinent  text  of  the  Walters  bill  is  as  follows; 
"No  apprentice  or  employee  in  any  pharmacy  or  drug  store 
shall  be  required  or  permitted  to  work  more  than  70  hours  a 
week.  Nothing  in  section  prohibits  working  six  hours  over- 
time any  week  or  for  the  purpose  of  making  a  shorter  suc- 
ceeding week,  provided,  however,  that  the  aggregate  number 
of  hours   in   any  such   two  weeks  shall  not  exceed   132   hours. 


The  hours  shall  be  so  arranged  that  an  employee  shall  be 
entitled  to  and  shall  receive  at  least  one  afternoon  and  evening 
off  in  each  week  and  in  addition  thereto  shall  receive  one  full 
day  in  two  consecutive  weeks.  No  proprietor  of  a  pharmacy 
or  drug  store  shall  require  any  clerk  to  sleep  in  any  room  or 
apartment  in  or  connected  with  such  store  that  does  not 
comply  with  the  sanitary  regulations  of  the  local  board  of 
health.  The  provisions  of  this  section  alone  regulate  working 
hours  and  sleeping  apartments  in  pharmacies  or  drug  stores." 
When  the  Governor  signed  the  bill  he  filed  the  following, 
memorandum : 

STATE     OF     NEW     YORK,     EXECUTIVE     CHAilBER, 
ALB.\NY, 

April    23,    1914. 
iMemorandum  filed  with   Senate  Bill,   Introductory,   No.   407, 
Print  No.   1232,   introduced   by   Mr.   Walters,    entitled : 

"An  act   to  amend  the  public  health  law,   in  relation   to  the 
practice  of  pharmacy,  as  to  working  hours  and  sleeping  apart- 
ments in  pharmacies  and  drug  stores." 
Approved. 

The  purpose  of  this  bill  is  to  amend  the  Public  Health  Law 
so  as  to  relieve  pharmacists,  apothecaries  and  druggists  from 
some  of  the  restrictions  of  the  Labor  Law,  so  as  to  enable  them 
and  their  employees  to  furnish  the  public  with  the  supplies 
required  by  physicians  and  surgeons  without  the  restrictions 
now   imposed   by  the  Labor  Law   on   certain   other   pursuits. 

The  bill  is  approved  by  the  Department  of  Health,  which 
has   filed  the   following  memorandum ; 

"It  seems  to  this  Department  entirely  reasonable 
that  such  long  hours  should  be  allowed  as  pharmacists 
should  be  available  at  all  hours  for  the  protection  of 
the  public,  and  should  be  ready  to  be  on  call  at  any 
.  time  in  case  of  an  emergency.  Pharmacists,  apothe- 
caries and  druggists  are  in  the  same  class  as  physicians 
in  this  respect,  and  they  should  be  permitted  to  work 
for  periods  of  time  for  longer  hours  than  other  classes 
of  individuals  just  as  physicians  are  at  times  called 
upon  to  work  continuously  for  24  hours.  This  meas- 
ure in  this  respect  is  in  our  judgment  entirely  right 
and   proper. 

"The  other  amendment  of  this  section,  stating  that 
the  provisions  of  this  section  regulating  working  hours, 
takes  out  of   the  Department   of  Labor   the  power   to 
control  hours  of  labor   in  pharmacies,   for  the  reasons 
above    stated,    is    entirely    proper.      It    does   not    seem 
possible  without  undue  expense  to  limit  the  hours  of 
labor   to   an   ordinary   degree   in   a   business   of   such 
vital    importance    to   public    health.      If    an    eight-    or 
nine-hour-a-day  law  were  executed,  so  that  employees 
could  not  work  over  that  time,  undue  hardship  would 
be   worked   upon    the    pharmacist    or   drugg'st   with    a 
small   store    and    would    necessitate    his   employing   at 
least  one  extra   clerk  where   the   work  could   be  satis- 
factorily done  by  one." 
I   believe  that  labor  laws  in   general  should   be  upheld  and 
enforced,    but   it   seems  to   me   that   the   exception   proposed   by 
this  bill  is  entirely  reasonable,  and  will  serve  the  best  interest 
of  the  public. 

I   therefore  approve  the  bill. 

(Signed)     Martin   H.   Glynn. 


N.Y.    RETAILERS   UNITE    ON   STEVENS    BILL. 


Mass  Meeting  Held  at  Aeolian  Hall — Hearing  Given 
by  Merchants'  Association — Conference  Planned. 

THREE  meetings,  pertinent  to  the  subject  of  price-main- 
tenance, have  been  held  in  this  city  during  the  past 
month.  A  mass  meeting  of  all  retail  trades  was  called  to 
order  by  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson  at  Aeolian  Hall,  34  West  43d 
street,  on  the  evening  of  April  24,  the  speakers  being  the  chair- 
man. Congressman  H.  A.  Metz,  who  compared  his  own  and 
the  Stevens  bills;  Ellis  L.  Howland,  editorial  staff,  Journal  of 
Commerce;  ].  Leyden  White,  special  writer,  Washington,  D.C., 
and  Nicholas  Ehrlich,  president  Independent  Retail  Tobacco- 
nists' .Association  of  America.  The  following  resolutions  were 
unanimously  adopted: 

WHEREAS,  the  habit  of  price-cutting  on  standardized  and  trade- 
marked  articles  of  merchandise  has  assumed  such  vicious  pro- 
portions that  it  now  threatens  the  business  existence  of  all  re- 
tailers of  small   or  moderate  capital,   and 


29S 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[June,  1914 


WHEREAS,  the  consuming  public  is  being  plundered  and  out- 
raged by  a  scheme  of  business  which  defends  upon  deception 
rather  than  an  exchange  of  real   and  recognized  values,   and 

WHEREAS.  Present  conditions  tend  toward  an  imminent  monop- 
oly of  the  channels  of  distribution— a  monopoly  that  would  be 
vaster  and  more  potent  for  evil  than  any  trust  hitherto  conceived. 
Be  it  therefore 

RESOLVED.  That  we,  the  Independent  Retail  Merchants  of 
Greater  Xew  York  and  the  Metropolitan  District,  sound  an  earnest 
note  of  warning  to  Congress  and  to  the  people  at  large  and  counsel 
immediate  action  against  present  and  impending  attacks  on  the 
integrity  of  American  commerce;  and  be  it  further 

RESOLVED,  That  we  solemnly  endorse  and  promise  heartily 
to  support  the  Stevens  bill  (H.R.  13305),  now  pending  in  Congress, 
wh.ch  promises  honesty  in  merchandising  and  equal  opportunity 
to  all  business  men  and  consumers  alike;   and   be   it   further 

RESOLVED,  That  the  secretary  be  instructed  to  send  a  copy 
to  the  President,  to  every  member  of  the  United  States  Senate 
and  House  of  Representatives,  to  the  Governors  and  every  member 
of  the  State   Legislatures  of  New   York  and   New  Jersey. 

At  a  hearing  on  the  Stevens  bill  given  by  the  Merchants' 
Association  committee  on  commercial  law,  and  called  to  order 
by  Chairman  Edward  B.  Page  in  the  association's  assembly 
room,  the  attendance  of  business  men  was  both  large  and  in- 
fluential. No  action  was  taken,  the  speakers  being  given 
opportunity  to  file  briefs.  Chairman  Page  explained  the  provi- 
sions of  the  bill  and  then  allowed  a  lialf  hour  each  to  its 
proponents  and  the  opponents.  Briefly,  the  speakers  were  lined 
up  as  follows:  For  the  bill,  C.  H.  Ingersoll,  president  American 
Fair  Trade  League;  Gilbert  Montague,  counsel  for  the  league; 
L.  H.  Porter,  of  the  Yale  &  Towne  JIfg.  Co. ;  Carl  E.  Acker- 
man,  Photographic  Dealers'  Association  of  New  York  and  the 
Photographic  Dealers'  Association  of  America;  E.  H.  Outer- 
bridge,  of  the  Pantasote  Leather  Co.;  William  H.  Childs, 
president  .\merican  Coal  Products  Company;  Charles  E.  But- 
ler, American  Booksellers'  Association;  Representative  Herman 
.\.  Metz.  Opposed,  Percy  S.  Straus,  of  R.  H.  Macy  &  Co.; 
E.  W.  Bloomingdale;  Simon  F.  Rothschild,  of  .Abraham  & 
Straus;  G.  D.  Beattys,  Aeolian  Co.;  Harry  Balfe,  Austin, 
Nichols  &  Co. 

Dr.  William  C.  -Anderson  officiated  as  chairman,  and  Francis 
L.  Pluramer  as  secretary,  at  a  meeting  of  a  committee  to 
promote  the  interests  of  retail  merchants,  held  on  May  11,  in 
the  conference  room  of  the  Fifth  avenue  building.  Others 
present  were  Henry  Frank,  Stationers'  ."Association  of  New 
York;  .Alfred  O.  Woodruff,  New  York  Association  for  Improv- 
ing the  Condition  of  the  Poor;  Ellis  L.  Howland,  R.  J. 
-Atkinson,  BrookK-n  Hardware  Dealers'  Association;  J.  M. 
Kohlmeier,  Hardware  and  Supply  Dealers'  .Association  of  Man- 
hattan and  Bron.x  boroughs.  Inc.;  L.  Berger,  M.A.R.D.; 
L.  W.  Winckelman,  president.  United  Retail  Grocers'  Asso- 
ciation, Borough  of  Brooklyn ;  C.  J.  Cornell,  secretary.  Metro- 
politan Hardware  Dealers'  Association;  Nicholas  Ehrlich,  M. 
Zimmerman,    Printers'    Ink,   and   an   Era   representative. 

Plans  for  a  permanent  delegate  organization  were  discussed, 
the  chairman  pointing  out  that  its  immediate  purpose  would  be 
the  passage  of  the  Stevens  bill.  The  chair  was  instructed  to 
appoint  a  sub-committee  to  take  charge  of  the  formation  of  a 
temporary  conference  to  outline  objects,  frame  constitution 
and  by-laws  and  decided  upon  plan  and  scope  generally  of 
the  proposed  organization.  The  sub-committee  appointed  by 
Dr.  .Anderson  consists  of  John  Steeneck,  New  York  Retail 
Grocers'  Association;  John  G.  Bromner,  Eastern  Talking 
Machine  Dealers'  -Association ;  J.  H.  Boozer,  Photographic 
Dealers'  .Association,  and  Messrs.  Kohlmeier  and  Ehrlich.  It 
was  decided  that  the  officials  of  the  temporary  conference  be 
the  same  as  those  of  the  committee  which  called  this  meeting. 
It  was  further  the  sense  of  the  meeting  that  constitution  and 
by-laws  be  made  elastic  enough  to  permit  the  membership  of 
individuals  who  are  not  duly  accredited  representatives  of 
retail  organizations. 


N.Y.C.P.    TO    ABOLISH    INITIATION    FEE? 


May  Cut  Annual  Dues — Resolution  Comes  Up  at  Next 
Meeting — Practical   Talks  on  Window  Displays. 

TH.AT  the  annual  dues  of  members  of  the  New  York  Col- 
lege of  Pharmacy  be  reduced  to  $1  and  the  initiation  fee 
be  abolished,  was  the  meat  of  a  resolution  introduced  at 
the  May  meeting  by  Hieronimus  Heroid,  former  attorney  for 
the  State  board.  Mr.  Heroid  thought  that  the  college  should 
have  several  thousand  members  instead  of  280:  the  larger  num- 
ber would  have  a  certain  advertising  value  and  influence. 
Further,  for  the  $5  per  year  which  the  members  now-  pay  as 
dues  they  receive  nothing.      Since   the  college   gave  nothing   it 


should  not  charge  mudi  for  it.  Caswell  A.  Mayo  foresaw 
considerable  benefit  to  the  college  in  enlarging  its  membership. 
Alderman  Jacob  Weil  suggested  a  passive  membership  at  $1 
per  year.  He  expressed  the  opinion  that  an  element  detrimental 
and  hostile  to  the  future  of  the  college  might  be  admitted. 
Chairman  McMann  pointed  out  that  the  college  was  a  stock 
companj — -a  corporation — the  members  of  which  could  at  any 
time  dissolve  the  institution  and  call  for  the  proceeds.  In  fact, 
this  action  had  been  very  narrowly  averted  about  25  years  ago. 

.Alderman  Weil  spoke  on  the  wood  alcohol  ordinance  he  is 
endeavoring  to  get  through  the  aldermanic  body.  He  asked 
that  the  college  be  represented  at  the  hearing  at  the  City  Hall, 
especially  requesting  that  Dr.  H.  V.  .Amy  be  present.  The 
secretary  was  instructed  by  resolution  to  send  postal  notices  to 
each  member  of  the  hearing. 

Charles  W.  Holzhauer,  class  of  1906,  and  now  president  of 
the  New  Jersey  Ph. A.,  delivered  a  very  practical  lecture  on 
"Drug  Store  Window  Displays,"  which  will  be  published  in  a 
later  issue  of  the  Era.  M.  Zimmerman,  of  the  editorial  staff 
of  Printers'  Ink,  talked  very  interestingly  upon  a  study  he  had 
made  of  retail  trade  window  displays  while  pushing  a  well- 
known  proprietary  dental  cream  in  New  England,  and  in  New 
York  and  vicinity.  He  found  the  average  dealer  was  not  very 
efficient  on  window  displays  in  the  territory  covered.  One  drug- 
gist, he  found,  had  featured  the  same  old  display  off  and  on 
for  six  years.  The  average  druggist  does  the  work  himself, 
and  has  no  time  for  window  display  work  and  is  usually  very 
glad  when  the  manufacturer  will  send  around  a  man  to  put  in 
a  display.  Mr.  Zimmerman  asserted  that  the  dealer  should 
very  early  set  and  fix  a  price  upon  his  windows.  He  should 
then  slick  to  his  price  and  accept  a  display  upon  its  merits. 
The  speaker  advocated  the  use  of  mechanical  devices  to  push 
sales,  and  gave  tw-o  reasons  for  turning  down  a  display:  (1) 
The  material  sent  cheapens  the  store;  (2)  the  trim  is  out  of  all 
proportion  to  the  size  of  the  window. 

-An  interesting  discussion  ensued  in  which  Thomas  Lamb 
and  John  W.  Ferrier  participated.  The  former  expressed  the 
opinion  that  the  druggist  was  a  little  beyond  window  dress'ng. 
People  came  into  his  store,  he  said,  regardless  of  window  dis- 
plays. He  displayed  ordinary  drug-store  articles  and  would 
not  push  patents. 

The  keynote  of  window  display  work,  Mr.  Ferrier  asserted, 
was  local  conditions — sauce  for  the  goose  was  not  sauce  for 
the  gander.  He  was  thoroughly  unethical — if  he  put  medicines 
in  his  w-indow  he  couldn't  sell  them.  He  featured  one  thing 
at  a  time.  His  was  a  ten-cent  window;  he  had  found  it  out. 
He  had  co-operated  with  a  manufacturer  who  featured  a 
Broadway  electric  soap  sign  at  $2000  per  month.  The  soap 
sold  at  25  cents  per  cake.  He  sold  three  cakes  in  a  week  and 
figured  he  was  out  just  $24.25  that  week.  Tei\-cent  so.ap  would 
have  sold. 

Mr.  Ferrier  couldn't  sell  candy  at  10  cents  per  white  box. 
'But  candy  in  blue  boxes  sold  "great."  He  sold  over  2000  blue 
boxes  of  candy  at  10  cents  each  in  a  week.  "Show  what  you 
want  to  sell,"  said  Mr.  Ferrier.  "If  you're  selling  candy,  show 
the  candy,  not  just  the  boxes.  Break  the  candy  open.  Make 
their  mouths  water!  And  don't  show  just  signs.  Don't  tell 
a  long  story.  People  w-on't  stop  long  enough  to  read  it  through. 
Mechanical  devices  and  pictures  will  help  you.  But  don't  show 
war  pictures  and  pretty  actresses.  It  might  take  a  traffic  cop 
to  clear  the  sidewalk,  but  the  people  won't  buy  your  goods. 
That  kind  of  pictures  distracts  attention  and  doesn't  sell  any- 
thing. Find  out  -chat  the  trade  will  stand,  and  give  it  to  'em 
hot,"  concluded  Jlr.  Ferrier.  "I  have  a  big  rent  but  a  'cheap' 
window.  I  couldn't  sell  a  dollar  article  but  have  sold  2100 
10-cent  articles  in  a  week." 


Recent  Fires. 

A  second  fire  occurred  recently  in  the  drug  and  chemical  factory 
of  Allaire,  Woodward  &  Co.,  which  at  one  time  threatened  the 
entire  plant  and,  as  it  was,  almost  asphyxiated  a  number  of  fire- 
men. This  fire,  like  the  one  a  month  previous,  to  w^hich  reference 
has  already  been  made  in  the  ERA,  started  in  one  of  the  machines 
used  for  making  insect  powder.  Sneezing,  stifling  and  almost 
blinded,  the  Peoria  firemen  had  a  strenuous  battle  before  the 
blaze  was  subdued. 

A  S25.000  fire  on  the  third  floor  of  the  building  at  178  West 
Randolph  street,  Chicago,  occupied  by  the  Hochschild-Kelter  Co., 
a  wholesale  drug  firm,  was  startling  to  the  people  of  that  section 
and  brought  thousands  of  sightseers  to  the  scene.  Green  and 
purple  flames  and  sharp  explosions  made  it  particularly  spectacular. 
Three  employees  were  overcome  by  fumes,  and  removed  to  the 
street  by  firemen.  The  blaze  was  confined  to  the  third,  fourth  and 
fifth    floors    of   the    building,   all    occupied    by    the    drug   company. 


June,  1914] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


299 


National  Co-operative  Drug  Company. 


How  the  New  Co-operathe  Wholesale  Drug  Company  Chimed 
and  Operated  by  Retail  Druggists  Is  Organized — Branches 
in  Many  Large  Cities — More  than  1000  Retail  Members 
on  May  1. 

FOR  the  past  few  months  there  has  been  an  unusual  in- 
terest in  the  question  of  co-operative  buying.  Reports 
from  the  "^Mutual"  and  "Economy"  and  similar  organi- 
zations of  retailers  in  the  iliddle  West  have  indicated  such 
piosperitj-  to  the  retail  druggist  members  and  such  a  saving 
in  first  costs  that  the  trade  papers  have  considered  the  whole 
question  of  co-operative  buying  as  of  equal  importance  with 
"chain  store"  and  "department  systematized"  methods  of  doing 
business,  finding  a  relationship  between  the  two  in  the  self- 
e%ndent  fact  that  co-operative  buying  by  a  small  but  united 
band  of  retailers  enables  such  retailers  to  compete  on  a  more 
equitable  basis  with  the  buying  power  of  the  chain  stores. 
The  small  retailer  has  seen  a  way  of  getting  some  chain  store 
advantages,  at  the  same  time  retaining  his  business  individu- 
ality.    So  much   in  the  way  of  prologue. 

The  latest  arri\-al  in  the  field  of  National  co-operative  buy- 
ing— in  itself  but  an  elaboration  of  the  State  and  City  mutual 
drug  companies  which  have  flourished  in  Ohio  and  other 
mid-Western  States,  and  which,  by  the  way  is  officered  by  the 
men  who  have  won  success  in  the  State  and  city  field — is  the 
National  Co-operative  Drug  Co. — "a  co-operative  wholesale 
drug  company  organized  and  owned  by  retail  druggists,"  with 
a  home  office  in  St.  Louis,  and  with  branches  organized  or 
planned  in  other  cities  in  different  parts  of  the  country.  It 
has  already  leased  25,000  square  feet  of  floor  space  at  Fourth 
and  Valentine  streets,  St.  Louis,  and  there  are  more  than 
600,000  square  feet  available  in  the  same  building,  right  in 
the  center  of  St.  Louis  wholesale  drugdom. 

The  National  Co-operative  Drug  Co.  was  incorporated  under 
the  laws  of  Delaware,  with  an  authorized  capital  of  $1,000,000, 
divided  into  $600,000  preferred  and  $400,000  common  stock, 
the  preferred  only  to  be  sold,  the  common  to  be  used,  if 
necessarj-,  in  purchasing  plants,  at  the  determination  of  the 
board  of  directors;  the  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  stock  to  be 
used  first  to  establish  and  strengthen  the  central  warehouse  in 
St.  Louis,  and  afterwards  for  the  branches. 

W'ithin  90  days  of  incorporation  enough  members  were  en- 
listed in  St.  Louis  to  warrant  the  opening  of  the  St.  Louis 
house,   where  the  headquarters  will   be  maintained. 

The  officers  of  the  company  axe:  President,  O.  B.  Thuma; 
1st  vice-president,  Chas.  W.  J.  H.  Hahn;  2d  vice-president, 
K  B.  Bowerman;  secretary,  George  E.  Brown;  assistant  sec- 
retary, Harry  R.  Mulvey,  and  treasurer,  George  W.  Piatt. 
(One  additional  director  from  each  city  having  a  house,  to  be 
selected  by  the  local  board  of  control.)  The  directors  are: 
Louis  Roettig,  Edward  Kipp,  George  W.  Piatt,  J.  !M.  Satter- 
field,  Chas.  W.  J.  H.  Hahn,  Robert  F.  Miller,  O.  B.  Thuma, 
K.  B.  Bowerman,  O.  J.  Cloughly,  A.  S.  Ludwig,  Wm.  F.  Ittner 
and  George  E.  Brown  The  organization  committee:  Chas.  H. 
Huhn,  Minneapolis,  Minn. ;  O.  J.  Cloughly,  Chas.  W.  J.  H. 
Hahn,  A.  S.  Ludwig.  Geo.  w".  ilcDuff,  Wm.  F.  Ittner, 
Robert  F.  Miller  and  Geo.  E.  Bro^Ti,  St.  Louis;  W.  Gnerich, 
K.  B.  Bowerman,  Nathan  Schwartz,  D.  R.  Rees  and  Harry 
R.  Mulvey,  San  Francisco;  O.  B.  Thuma,  George  W.  Piatt, 
Edward  Kipp  and  Louis  Roettig.  Cincinnati;  C.  Wilfred  Dare, 
Newark,  N-  J-  ;  Charles  Lyle,  Memphis,  Term.  ;  E.  J.  Green, 
Dallas,  Tex.;  Louis  Doerr,  San  Jose,  Cal. ;  Frank  S.  Grey, 
Sacramento,  Cal. ;  O.  V.  McCracken,  Oakland,  Cal. ;  J.  A. 
Gance,  Ind:anapolis;  A.  Di  Trapani,  August  C.  Flach  and 
Henry  Berlin,  New  Orleans. 

It  is  announced  at  the  St.  Louis  office  that  the  Minneapolis 
branch  will  start  with  the  merging  in  the  branch  of  the  Merritt 
Drug  Co.,  co-operative,  under  the  management  of  Chas.  H. 
Huhn,  former  president  of  the  N..\.R.D.  H.  J.  Mitchell, 
assistant  secretary  of  the  new  company,  is  in  charge  of  the 
^linneapolis  district  work,  with  the  organization  committee 
composed  as  follows:  C.  H.  Huhn.  C.  M.  Pardoe,  A.  D. 
Thompson,  G.  A.  Ball,  F.  A.  Klenert,  G.  A.  Rose,  J.  Jackson, 
E.  A.  Tupper,  Newman  Griffin  and  John  Danck.  The  tem- 
porary quarters  in  Minneapolis  will  be  those  of  the  Merritt 
Drug  Co.  at  92-96  Western  avenue. 

Secretary  Brown  of  the  National  said  that  branches  were 
being  organized  in   San  Francisco — the  first  to  be  opened  after 


the  opening  in  St.  Louis — and  Memphis;  also  in  New  Orleans, 
Louisville,  Indianapolis  and  Fort  Worth.  Others  will  be 
opened  in  a  number  of  other  cities  later,  among  those  under 
consideration  being  Denver,  Kansas  City,  Portland,  Ore.,  and 
Salt  Lake  City.  Secretary  Brown  also  stated  that  the  National 
had  in  the  first  part  of  Jlay  a  total  membership  of  nearly 
one  thousand  in  the  places  where  the  main  office  and  the 
branches  are  being  established. 

George  E.  Bro«Ti,  secretary  of  the  company,  has  been  sales 
manager  of  the  Cincinnati  Economy  Drug  Co.,  which  was 
organized  in  Cincinnati  about  six  years  ago,  with  a  capital  of 
$3000  and  10  members,  all  local  retail  druggists.  The  Cin- 
cinnati concern  now  has  a  capital  of  $100,000,  with  nearly 
300  members,  and  is  doing  a  business  of  more  than  $500,000 
a  year,  according  to  the  report  for  1913. 

At  the  solicitation  of  druggists  from  various  parts  of  the 
country,  says  Secretary  Brown,  the  plan  for  a  National  propo- 
sition along  the  lines  which  had  made  the  Cinciimati  enter- 
prise successful  was  formed,  with  O.  B.  Thuma,  originator 
and  present  manager  of  the  Cincinnati  company,  as  president  of 
the  National  concern. 

Brown  came  from  Cincinnati  a  year  ago  last  January  and 
took  up  the  proposition  for  the  organization  of  the  National 
with  O.  J.  Cloughly,  who  recently  closed  his  term  as  president 
of  the  St  Louis  R.D.A.,  and  the  same  month  the  plan  was 
taken  up  with  a  committee  of  St.  Louis  retail  druggists — O.  J. 
Cloughly,  C.  W.  H.  Hahn,  W.  F.  Ittner,  Robert  Miller  and 
A.  S.  Ludwig. 

"The  National  Co-operative  Drug  Co.  is  purely  mutual," 
said  Mr.  Brown  to  a  representative  of  the  Era.  "Each  drug- 
gist who  buys  through  it  must  be  a  stockholder  member.  The 
plan  is  for  each  member  to  carry  stock  in  the  company  to 
equal  his  average  monthly  purchases— if  he  buys  $500  a  month, 
he  must  have  $500  in  the  company.  One  of  the  features  will 
be  to  eliminate  imnecessary  expenses.  AU  profit  made  in  the 
business  above  the  actual  cost  of  handling  the  business  is  to  be 
divided  among  the  members.  Our  price  will  be  one  price  to 
all.  When  we  get  started  here  we  have  promises  that  some  of 
the  biggest  stores  will  join.  Quantity  buying  will  not  cut  any 
figure,  but  the  membership  with  us  of  the  big  stores  will  cut 
do«Ti  their  big  investment  in  carrv'ing  stock  and  give  them  a 
quick  turn-over.  The  co-operative  company  will  carry  the 
stock.  One  of  the  most  encouraging  things  to  us  is  the  atti- 
tude of  the  manufacturers.  Manufacturers  have  come  to  us 
and  offered  not  only  to  take  stock  but  to  stock  up  our  branches 
with  their  lines  complete.  Wide-awake  manufactvurers  see 
that  the  co-operative  way  of  distributing  goods  is  a  successful 
way.  In  Memphis,  Kansas  City,  Fort  Worth  and  Cincinnati 
we  have  had  overtures  made  to  us  by  jobbers  for  us  to  buy 
them  out." 

The  New  Orleans  branch  organized  May  7  with  the  following 
directors :  Fred  Earheart,  chairman ;  Peter  Rupp,  E.  S.  Ber- 
nadas,  E.  Wunderlich,  Edward  H.  Walsdorf.  The  New 
Orleans  branch  will  be  the  distributing  center  for  Louisiana, 
Jlississippi  and  Eastern  Texas. 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


Morg-an  &  Millard,  South  and  Baltimore  streets,  is  one 
of  the  most  progressive  drug  firms  in  Baltimore.  WTien  this 
firm  went  downtown  several  years  ago,  taking  one  of  the  prin- 
cipal comers  in  what  was  then  and  still  is  the  financial  district, 
many  persons  shook  their  heads  and  declared  that  no  drug 
business  could  be  successfully  established  there  with  the  rent 
so  high,  and  with  the  other  heavy  expenses.  Morgan  & 
Millard  have  signally  disproved  all  predictions  of  failure  and 
have  shown  that  they  are  come  to  stay.  They  not  only  made 
the  original  place  pay,  but  their  patronage  has  so  increased 
that  the  firm  recently  took  in  the  adjacent  store,  doubling  the 
space  formerly  occupied,  and  giving  the  pharmacy  the  form 
of  an  "L,"  with  the  floors  generally  unobstructed  and  with 
mahogany  shelves  and  cases  along  the  walls.  Because  of  its 
success  imder  essentially  modem  conditions,  the  members  of 
this  firm  are  entitled  to  speak  with  authority  on  the  chances 
of  the  present  day  in  the  retail  dmg  business. 

H.  H.  Austin,  of  Minneapolis,  some  years  ago  was  a 
traveling  salesman  for  a  large  wholesale  drug  house,  and, 
while    going    about,    heard   druggists   in    various    parts   of   the 


300 


THE    PHAK.MACELTICAL    KKA 


[June,  1914 


countn-  express  their  wishes  to  buy  elsewhere  or  to  sell  the 
stores  ihey  were  then  conducting.  They  had  no  medium 
through  which  they  could  come  in  contact  with  the  parties  they 
wished  to  meet.  Mr.  Austin  thought  it  might  pay  to  act  as 
a  middleman,  and  so.  for  a  time,  he  carried  lists  on  the  road 
with  him — Ists  of  druggists  who  wished  either  to  buy  or  sell 
stores.  This  list  got  so  large  that  finally  he  decided  to  open 
an  office,  and  then  he  gave  up  traveling.  He  then  associated 
himself  with  W.  G.  Towles,  another  druggist,  and  the  two 
men  built  up  a  business  that  now  includes,  not  only  drug- 
gists, but  grocers  and  other  retailers. 

Chas.  E.  Matthews,  manager  of  Sharp  &  Dohme's  Chicago 
branch,  called  upon  his  friends  in  the  jobbing  trade  in  St. 
Paul  and  Minneapolis  recently.  Messrs.  Burke,  Lund,  Gil- 
more  and  Coontz,  Sharp  and  Dohme's  salesmen  in  the  North- 
west, were  on  hand  to  meet  Mr.  Matthews.  J.  C.  Dysart, 
who  represents  Sharp  &  Dohme  in  Southwest  Missouri,  visited 
the  St.  Louis  office  recently  and  reported  that  the  prospects 
are  bright  lor  a  good  year  in  his  section  of  the  State.  E.  T. 
Curtis,  manager  of  Sharp  &  Dohme's  St.  Louis  branch,  has 
returned  to  his  desk  after  an  extended  trip  through  Kansas 
and  Southern  Missouri.  He  reports  business  conditions  as 
good,  and  indicates  that  Kansas  expects  a  bumper  wheat  crop 
this  year. 

Marshall  Field  &  Co.,  of  Chicago,  have  at  last  been  per- 
suaded to  put  a  soda  fountain  in  their  State  street  store. 
Heretofore  the  management  of  this  company  has  been  opposed 
to  a  soda  fountain,  but,  evidently,  now  has  been  forced  to  give 
way  to  the  wishes  of  patrons.  The  fountain  will  be  located  in 
the  tea-room  in  the  main  building,  and  the  apparatus  will  be 
of  unique  design  in  circu'ar  form,  and  finished  in  white  and 
gold.  The  contract  for  the  same  has  been  let  to  the  Liquid 
Carbonic  Co.  This  action  on  the  part  of  what  is  probably  the 
largest  department  store  in  the  world  is  most  significant  as 
shewing  the  growing  importance  of  the  soda  fountain  in  de- 
partment stores. 

The  Geisen  Drug  Co.,  Inc.,  has  been  chartered  at  Shreve- 
port,  La.,  with  a  capital  of  ?25,000,  and  the  following  officers: 
President,  C.  A.  Geisen;  vice-president,  Dr.  S.  C.  Barrow; 
secretary-treasurer,  David  H.  Deas.  The  president  is  a  well- 
known  travel'ng  man  and  has  been  connected  with  the  New 
Orleans  firm  of  S.  &  J.  Katz  &  Co.  for  35  years.  Dr.  Barrow 
is  a  well-known  local  physician,  and  David  H.  Deas  is  an 
expert  accountant  and  insurance  man.  The  new  company  has 
purchased  the  A.  H.  Renfro  stock,  and  will  continue  the 
.  business  at  the  head  of  Te.\as  street. 

The  Dow  drug  store  chain  in  Cincinnati,  now  10  in 
number,  with  an  11th  soon  to  be  added,  has  been  celebrating 
iU  29th  anniversary,  as  it  is  entering  upon  its  30th  year. 
The  chain  is  owned  by  a  woman — Miss  C.  Dow — who  has 
been  its  active  head  for  the  entire  period  mentioned;  and  its 
continuing  success  shows  exactly  what  may  be  done  in  the 
drug  business  by  the  use  of  aggressive  modern  methods.  For 
seme  years,  however,  Jliss  Dow  has  had  an  able  lieutenant, 
in  the  person  of  A.  M.  Hopkins,  general  and  advertising 
manager  o:  the  business. 

The  Louis  K.  Liggett  Co.  are  to  erect  an  eight-story 
building  costing  in  the  vxinity  of  §150,000  at  Woodward  and 
Grand  River  avenues,  Detroit,  the  present  site  of  one  of 
the  company's  drug  stores.  According  to  Edson  O.  Geissler, 
vice-president  and  resident  manager,  the  architecture  will 
follow  closely  that  of  the  company's  building  at  Gratiot  avenue 
and  Farmer  street,  with  an  exterior  of  terracotta.  Work  will 
begin  within  a  year.  The  drug  company  will  occupy  the 
entire  lower  floor,   and  the  upper  stories  will  be  leased. 

The  Henry  K.  Wampole  &  Co.,  Inc.,  Athletic  Asso- 
ciation celebrated  its  second  annual  opening  on  the  association's 
grounds,  Philadlephia,  on  Saturday,  May  2.  Music,  refresh- 
ments, a  lively  baseball  game  and  several  field  events,  in  some 
of  which  the  female  members  participated,  were  all  highly  en- 
joyable features  on  the  day's  entertainment.  The  members  of 
the  firm  and  the  officers  of  the  association  deser\'e  high  credit 
for  their  activities  in  fostering  athletic  pursuits  and  a  social 
getting-together  among  the  employees. 

The  Columbus  Pharmacal  Co.,  Columbus,  Ohio,  has 
opened  iU  new  building  at  330-336  Oak  street,  the  occasion 
being  made  a  formal  housewarming  with  a  dinner  at  which 
covers  were  laid  for  90.  Twenty-two  of  those  present  were 
traveling  men  who  cover  eight  States  adjoining  Ohio,  in  which 


the  company  supplies  physicians  and  surgeons.  J.  W.  Haynie, 
general  manager  of  the  company,  was  presented  with  an 
office  clock  by  the  salesmen,  B,  C.  Woodrick,  of  Decatur,  111., 
making  the  presentation  speech. 

The  E.  E.  Sutherland  Medicine  Co.,  of  Paducah,  Ky., 
one  of  the  largest  proprietaiy  medicine  firms  in  the  South, 
has  chrnged  owncr.ship.  G.  D.  Merner,  of  St.  Louis,  with 
G.  A.  Pfeiffer,  of  Philadelphia,  have  purchased  the  holdings 
of  W.  P.  Paxton  and  H.  R.  Lindsey,  of  Paducah,  and  of  A.  E. 
McP.ee,  of  New  York.  The  price  was  not  made  public.  The 
business  will  be  moved  at  once  to  St.  Louis. 

The  National  Co-operative  Drug  Co.  has  decided  upon 
New  Orieans  as  its  Southern  headquarters,  and,  according  to- 
a  recent  dispatch,  more  than  100  retail  drug  stores  in  New 
Orleans  had  signified  their  intention  of  joining  in  the  work 
of  this  organization,  which  is  composed  of  retail  druggists  in 
all  sections  of  the  country,  with  general  headquarters  at  St. 
Louis. 

The  Kiker-Jaynes  employees  of  Boston  held  their  second 
annual  ball  on  May  5.  M.  E.  Adams  was  chairman  of  the 
general  committee,  W.  F.  Doherty  secretary  and  .\.  M.  Ride- 
hout  treasurer.  H.  D.  Vittura  was  chairman  of  the  enter- 
tainment committee,  F.  A.  Gilbert  of  the  refreshment  com- 
mittee.  J,  H.  Spinney  of  tlie  committee  on  decorations. 

The  Eadium  Therapy  Corporation,  of  No.  170  Wil- 
liam street.  New  York,  has  been  incorporated  with  a  capital' 
of  $1,500,000.  The  company  purposes  to  manu'acture  and: 
deal  in  minerals  and  their  products.  The  directors  are  Wil- 
liam Jay  Schieffelin,  Schuyler  Schieffelin  and  William  Osgood! 
Field. 

Frank  B.  Schutz,  postmaster  of  Milwaukee,  has  opened  a> 
contract  postal  station  in  the  Goldsmith  pharmacy.  .Although 
the  pharmacy,  is  only  across  the  street,  the  Sunday  and  holiday 
closing  of  the  post-office  makes  it  necessary  to  have  some 
nearby  point  where  citizens  may  secure  stamps  and  money 
orders  at   these   times. 

The  Builtman-iNash  Drug  Co.,  of  Charleston,  W.  'Va.,. 
has  been  chartered  to  deal  in  drugs,  wholesale  and  retail.  TLe- 
authorized  capital  stock  is  $20,000.  The  incorporators  are: 
W.  G.  Mathews,  Walter  J.  Builtman,  iMcLean  Nash  and  Geo. 
W.  iMrClintic,  all  of  Charleston. 

The  Ellicott  Drug  Co.,  o'  Buffalo,  N.  Y..  has  elected 
Frank  Marvin  C'ark,  a  well-known  druggist  of  Jamestown, 
N.  Y.,  president.  The  vote  was  unanimous.  The  Ellicott 
Drug  Co.  is  a  jobbing  concern  which  does  business  in  both 
New  York  and  Pennsylvania. 

The  Buffalo  Foundry  &  Machine  Co.,  of  Buffalo, 
N.  Y.,  are  no  longer  represented  in  New  York  City  by  H.  E. 
Jacoby.  They  request  that  manufacturers  address  them  direct 
at  Buffalo,  regarding  the  requirements  of  vacuum  apparatus, 
castings,   patterns,   etc. 

WilJiam  0.  Holz,  of  Marinette,  Wis.,  recently  formally 
opened  his  drug  store  at  1331  iMain  street,  formerly  conducted 
by  V.  A.  Lundgren.  Mr.  Holz,  who  managed  the  Lundgren 
business  for  the  past  five  years,  purchased  the  store  last 
January. 

The  Koge-Davis  Drug  Co.,  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  has 
purchased  the  Wingerter  drug  store  at  1030  iMain  street.  The 
basement  of  the  newly  purchased  store  will  be  converted  into 
a  tea  room,   and  new  fixtures  will  be  installed. 

The  Pike  Eubber  Co.,  Akron,  Ohio,  has  been  incorporated 
with  ?50,000  to  manufacture  rubber  sundries  and  druggists' 
supplies.  The  incorporators  are  Orville  C.  Pike,  Fred  Grether 
and   Frank  Selzer,  the  latter  a  local  druggist. 

F.  'V.  Nihart,  proprietor  of  the  Opera  House  drug  store, 
recently  burned,  of  Decatur,  III.,  has  reopened  for  business — 
both  wholesale  and  retail — at  147  South  Water  street,  Decatur. 

The  Carter  Smart  'Weed  Co.,  of  Erie,  Pa.,  has  been 
so'd  to  S.  C.  Wells  &  Co.,  of  LeRoy,  N.  Y.,  and  the  plant 
will  be  removed  to  the  latter  town. 

A  new  Riker-Hegeman  drug  store  has  just  been  opened 
at  165  Genesee  street,  Utica,  N.  Y.  R.  B.  Howarth,  of  Utica, 
is  the  new  manager. 

Silas  C.  Boucher,  well-known  as  a  working  druggist  in 
iMarquette,   iMich.,   has  opened  a  new  store   in   that  city. 

"Waterville  (Me.)  druggists  have  signed  an  agreement 
to  close  their  stores  on  Stmdays  until  further  notice 


Jlxe,  1914]  THE    PHARIMACEUTICAL    ERA  301 

John  Gosnell  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  of  London  —  A  House  with  Nearly  200  Years  of  History. 


^p^^H^^^^HHI^^^^^^^^^^H 

■ 

H 

1 

^^^^Hk^^X                ^I^K^KSKBm.\                      ^9H| 

Two    scenes    in    the 


workrooms     oi     John 


Gosncli    &    Co.,  Ltd.,    Blackfriars   Road,    London,    the    home    of    tnany    world- 
known  toilet  specialties. 


IN  Great  Britain  it  is  not  an  uncommon  experience  to  have 
business  dealings  with  the  same  houses  with  which  the 
great-grandfathers  of  present-day  patrons  were  accustomed 
to  deal,  and  it  is  interesting  to  note  how  many  commercial 
firms  in  a  flourishing  condition  today  were  established  a  cen- 
tury or  more  ago.  In  the  United  States  such  conditions  are 
seldom  found,  chiefly  because  of  the  comparative  youth  of  this 
country,  but  American  business  men  can  readily  understand 
how  such  long-established  houses  take  a  natural  pride  in 
tracing  their  beginning  back  to  some  hard-headed  ancestor  who 
laid  the  foundations  upon  which  succeeding  generations  have 
trected  a  business  edifice  which  has  not  only  withstood  the 
test  of  time  but  has  grown  in  importance  w'ith  the  passing  of 
the  years.  But  while  many  British  firms  can  trace  their  origin 
back  to  the  days  "when  George  the  Fourth  was  King" — or 
possibly  to  the  latter  days  of  the  reign  of  his  predecessor — 
there  are  few  which  have  a  history  as  long  as  that  of  John 
Gosnell  &  Co. 

John  Gosnell  &  Co.,  Ltd. — to  give  the  firm  its  full  title — 
was  founded  nearly  two  centuries  ago.  The  precise  date  is 
not  known,  for  the  reason  that  the  ancient  records  were 
destroyed  by  a  fire  which  swept  the  premises  in  Three  King's 
Court,  Lombard  street,  in  1S6S.  But  in  a  newspaper  bearing 
the  date  of  Aug.  9,  1819,  appeared  an  advertisement  of  the 
firm,  which  then  traded  under  the  name  of  Price  &  Gosnell, 
in  which  it  was  stated  that  the  house  was  established  nearly  a 
hundred  years  previous  to  the  date  of  publication.  That  'is,  it 
was  founded  in  the  reign  of  George  I,  and  has  existed  during 
eight  reigns — those  of  George  I,  George  H,  George  III,  George 
IV,  William  IV,  ^■ictoria,  Edward  MI,  and  George  V.  In  all 
probability  the  firm  of  John  Gosnell  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  is  the  oldest 
of  the  English  perfumers  now  in  existence.  During  these 
successive  reigns  it  has  enjoyed  royal  patronage,  and,  in  the 
advertisement  referred  to,  it  is  described  as:  "Perfumers  by 
Appointment  to  the   Prince  Regent,"  afterwards   George  IV. 

From  a  collection  of  old  British  newspapers,  all  of  which 
are  nearly  100  years  old,  the  writer  has  culled  a  number  of 
advertisements  in  which  the  products  of  Price  &  Gosnell  are 
advertised,  and  the  following  typical  announcements  from  Bell's 
Weekly  Messenger,  of  Jan.  28,  1821,  will  be  found  of  interest: 

PERSONAL  BEAUTY. 
The  ladies  are  assured  that  all  the  cosmetics  ever  yet 
discovered  do  not  possess,  in  an  hundredth  degree,  the  good 
qualities  of  Price  &  Gosnell's  Patent  Naples  Cream  as  a 
beautifier  &  clearer  of  the  skin.  Sunburns,  freckles,  ring- 
worm, tetters,  spots,  tan,  redness  of  the  nose,  etc.,  peculiar 
to  delicate  complexions;  by  the  regular  applicatior  of  the 
Patent  Naples  Cream  once  a  day,  or  twice  or  thrice  a  week, 
the  skin  &  fluids  are  gradually  cleansed  &  cooled  &  assume 
that  clear  transparent  white  &  red,  which  denotes  them 
in  a  healthful  state.  Its  innocent  &  refreshing  balsamic 
qualities,  render  it  a  salutary  wash  for  infants,  it  keeps  the 
skin  cool  and  soft.  Sold  in  London  only  by  the  patentees. 
Price  &  Gosnell,  Perfumers  to  His  Majesty,  No.  12  Three 
King's  Court,  Lombard  Street,  price  5/-  &  10/-  per  bottle. 
Also  Price  &  Gosnell's  Rose  Bloom,  prepared  from  roses, 
from  which  so  much  colour  is  extracted,  as  to  impart  an 
instantaneous,  lasting  &  youthful  colour  to  the  cheeks  & 
lips;  bestowing  a  bloom,  that  defies  the  most  curious  ob- 
server from  concluding  it  any  other  than  the  natural  ap- 
pearance of  the  most  exalted  beauty.     Price  5/6d  &  21/-  per 


bottle    with    directions    for   use.      The    Rose    bloom    from    its 
innocence   &   striking  effect  is  peculiarly  adapted  for  the  stage. 

.Another  advertisement  in  the  same  paper  sets  forth  that 
Messrs.  Price  &  Gosnell  "beg  to  caution  the  Royal  Family, 
Nobility  &  Gentry,  against  the  numberless  pernicious  prepara- 
tions daily  imposed  upon  the  shopkeepers  &  public,  by  inex- 
perienced and  unprincipled  speculators,  by  means  of  pirated 
bills  &  labels." 

Bell's  Weekly  Messenger  consists  of  six  small  pages,  and  its 
price  was   17  cents,  the  stamp  duty  being  8  cents! 

The  firm  received  the  patronage  of  the  late  Queen  Victoria 
and  a  Royal  -Appointment  exists  which  was  granted  by  Queen 
Ale.xandra  under  date  of  May  4,  1863,  when  on  her  marriage 
with  the  future  Edward  \'II  she  had  become  Princess  of  Wales. 
This  was  renewed  when  she  became  Queen  upon  the  accession 
of  the  late  Edward  \Il  in   1901. 

So  much  for  the  historical  side  of  the  Gosnell  business;  let 
us  turn  to  the  production  of  their  specialties.  A  visit  to  the 
premises  in  Blackfriars  Road,  London,  found  a  building  with 
spacious  floors,  well-lighted  and  well-ventilated,  and  supplied 
with  the  newest  devices  in  machinery  and  apparatus  for  the 
perfection  of  the  firm's  products.  The  firm  originated  the 
well-known  "Cherry  Tooth  Paste,"  and  have  obtained  their 
toothpaste  pots  from  the  English  potteries  since  1853.  The 
original  design  is  still  used,  although  to  meet  the  requirements 
of  present-day  taste  this  paste  is  also  supplied  in  tubes.  As 
an  indication  of  the  care  exercised  in  the  manufacture  of  all 
the  Gosnell  specialties,  all  the  ingredients  used  in  the  "Cherry 
Tooth  Paste"  are  passed  through  a  sieve  containing  32,000 
holes  to  the  square  inch,  the  resulting  powder  being  of  sur- 
prising  smoothness. 

"Cherry  Blossom,"  another  Gosnell  specialty,  had  its  birth 
at  the  South  Kensington  Health  E.xhibition  in  1884.  Cherry 
soap  and  Cherry  Blossom  talcum  powder  are  two  other  spe- 
cialties of  the  firm,  and  one  of  the  most  astounding  testi- 
monials ever  given  a  proprietary  article  was  that  received  by 
the  firm  from  one  of  the  defenders  of  Mafeking  during  the 
memorab'e  siege  which  was  a  feature  of  the  South  African 
War.  The  writer  described  with  seeming  gusto  how  a  quan- 
tity of  Gosnell's  toilet  powder  had  been  discovered,  and  had 
been  converted  into  healthful  and  tasty  dishes  of  blanc  mangel 
Despite  such  an  encomium  John  Gosnell  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  are  not 
advertising  their  product  as  a  health  food,  even  though  it  is 
admitted  to  be  a  harmless  and  absolutely  pure  talcum  powder. 

The  Messrs.  Gosnell  claim  to  be  the  pioneers  in  lavish 
advertising  expenditure  to  advance  the  sale  of  a  single  per- 
fume, and  as  a  result  of  the  30  years  of  persistent  publicity, 
their  per.'ume  is  now  sold  in  every  quarter  of  the  globe.  Such 
is  the  reputation  of  the  individual  members  of  the  preseiit 
firm  that  they  were  appointed  members  of  the  jury  on  their 
section  at  the  recent   Brussels  and  Turin  expositions. 

The  American  agents  of  the  firm,  E.  Fougera  &  Co.,  Iric, 
of  New  York,  are  contemplating  a  more  general  introduction 
of  the  Gosnell  products  to  the  American  public,  and  the  firm 
is  anticipating  a  still  larger  business  than  at  present  enjoyed 
"over  the  seas." 


302 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


A  "Pure  Food'"  \'anilla  Since  1868. 


Fred   S.   Rogers 


THERE  is  a  firm  in  Middletown,  N.  Y.,  which  made  vanilla 
extract  in  IS&S — real  vanilla  extract  from  selected  vanilla 
beans,  cologne  spirit  and  water,  without  using  sugar, 
glycerin  or  coloring  matter — and  they  are  still  making  the  same 
extract  in  the  same  way,  unaffected  by  all  the  pure  food  regu- 

I  lations    which    have 

been  passed  since 
they  embarked  in 
business.  This  busi- 
ness was  founded 
by  D.  C.  McMona- 
gle  and  William  H. 
Rogers,  but  in  1898 
Mr.  McMonagle  sold 
his  interest  to  Fred 
Rogers,  and  since 
that  time  father  and 
son  have  conducted 
the  business  together. 
Fred  Rogers,  who  is 
admitted  to  be  one 
of  the  best  judges  of 
vanilla  beans  in  this 
country,  says  any 
one  can  make  va- 
nilla extract— o/  a 
kind — but  that  the 
successful  manufac- 
turer of  a  fine  va- 
nilla extract  depends 
almost  entirely  upon 
the  knowledge  pos- 
sessed of  the  beans  themselves,  how  long  they  should  be  held 
before  use,  and  when  they  have  developed  their  full  richness 
and  aroma. 

"There  are  lots  of  prime  vanilla  beans  that  are  used  before 
they  should  be."'  said  Mr.  Rogers  to  an  Er.\  representative. 
"There  are  about  as  many  varieties  and  conditions  of  vanilla 
beans  as  there  are  types  in  the  human  race,"  he  continued, 
"and  many  a  manufacturer,  honest  in  his  desire  to  use  nothing 
but  prime  Mexican  goods,  finds  foisted  upon  him  cheaper 
varieties  done  up  in  Mexican  style.  Every  bundle  of  vanilla 
beans  used  by  us  is  passed  upon  for  appearance,  te.xture  and 
flavor   before  it  goes  to  the  mills. 

"When  McMonagle  &  Rogers  first  started  manufactirre  in 
1868  they  soon  realized  that  vanilla  extract  as  commonly  sold 
varied  greatly  in  quality  and  strength,  according  to  the  con- 
dition of  the  vanilla  beans  from  year  to  year.  In  order  to 
secure  imiformity  of  product  they  began  buying  vanilla  beans 
in  large  quantities  whenever  the  right  'cure'  could  be  found. 
It  was  next  discovered  that  by  storage  of  tlie  e.xtract  in  casks 
for  some  time  its  quality  was  improved,  and  this  led  to  the 
adoption  of  the  ageing  process.  Now,  from  the  time  the 
beans  are  put  into  process  until  the  extract  is  ready  for  the 
market  from  a  year  and  a  half  to  two  years  elapse. 

"We  follow  the  old-fashioned  method  of  slow,  cold  percola- 
tion in  all  our  product.  We  have  tried  machinery,  and  while 
mechanical  methods  give  a  good  product  we  found  that  slow 
percolation  gives  a  better  extract,  and  that  the  mass  of  vanilla 
bear,  still  contained  flavor  which  could  be  extracted  by  the  old 
method  after  the  mechanical  process  was  supposed  to  have 
completely  exhausted  the  flavor  content. 

"Our  success  has  rested  principa'ly  upon  our  ability  to  select 
and  control  large  quantities  of  prime  selected  vanilla  beans, 
to  hold  them  until  ripening  has  brought  them  to  proper  per- 
fection (or  manufacturing  purposes,  and  then  to  extract  the 
full  flavor  by  percolation.  We  are  not  alarmed  by  the  dis- 
turbed conditions  in  Mexico,  for  should  the  supply  of  beans 
be  cut  off  for  two  years  our  holdings  are  large  enough  to 
make  us  independent  of  supplies  for  that  time." 

While  the  McMonagle  &  Rogers  vanilla  has  been  sold 
through  the  high-class  grocery  and  catering  trade,  Mr.  Rogers 
has  found  from  his  druggist  friends  that  the  passage  of  pure 
food  laws  in  the  several  States  has  added  to  the  perplexities 
of  druggist  manufacturers  of  vanilla,  and  without  advertising 
many  druggists  have  turned  to  this  firm  for  vanilla  supplies, 
so  many  in  fact  that  the  firm  has  now  decided  to  advertise  to 
the  retail  druggists  throughout  the  country.     That  McMonagle 


&  Rogers  started  in  business  as  druggists,  that  their  methods 
of  manufacture  are  druggists'  methods,  combined  with  years 
of  experience  in  the  selection  of  vanilla  beans,  at  once  places 
them  "right"  with  every  druggist  who  is  seeking  a  quality 
product,  which  antedated  the  pure  food  laws,  made  by  a  house 
which  never  changed  a  single  step  in  their  manufacturing 
processes  because  of  any  legal  enactment. 

Fred  S.  Rogers  was  president  of  the  New  York  State  Ph. A. 
in  1906;  his  father,  William  H.  Rogers,  was  president  of  the 
same  organization  in  1884,  this  being  the  only  instance  in  the 
history  of  the  New  York  State  association  where  father  and 
son  have  botli  been  honored  by  election  to  the  presidency. 


Vending  Stamps  by  Machines. 

There  is  a  growing  demand  by  druggists  for  some  depend- 
able machine  for  the  vending  of  postage  stamps,  to  do  away 
with  the  loss  of  time — and  loss  of  money — where  such  "ac- 
commodation trade"  is  handled  by  a  clerk  from  a  stamp  drawer 
or  the  till  of  the  cash  register.  The  following  extracts  from 
a  letter  received  recently  have  an  interesting  bearing  on  the 
subject,  and  are  printed  for  the  benefit  of  druggists  who  may 
have  "thought  of"  using  vending  machines,  but  who  have  not 
taken   the   necessary  steps  toward   purchase: 

"There  are  so  many  reasons  why  druggists  ought  to  use 
stamp-vending  machines  that  it  seems  to  us  a  publication  like 
your  own  could  well  afford  to  devote  space  to  this  subject. 
The  druggist  is  the  one  business  man  who  is  asked  to  do 
more  without  recompense  than  any  other  class  of  business  men 
in  the  world.  He  is  asked,  for  instance,  to  sell  stamps  for 
mere  accommodation,  not  only  without  any  profit  to  himself  but 
actually  at  a  great  loss  to  himself.  The  better  druggists  today 
realize  tliat  the  opinion  of  some  druggists  who  feel  that  by 
selling  stamps  at  par  they  are  attracting  business  to  their  store 
has  absolutely  no  foundation  in  fact.  This  is  substantiated  in 
any  number  of  cases  where  druggists  who  have  had  sub-postal 
stations  have  been  only  too  glad  to  give  them  up. 

"If  selling  stamps  at  par  were  to  these  druggists  the  adver- 
tising that  many  druggists  are  inclined  to  believe,  a  sub-postal 
station  ought  even  to  be  of  greater  advertising  value,  and  yet 
the  e.vperience  of  so  many  druggists  on  this  very  question 
shows  that  the  advertising  to  be  gained  from  the  handling  of 
stamps  on  this  basis  and  the  conducting  of  a  sub-postal 
station  actually  loses  money  for  the  druggists.  The  druggist 
doesn't  expect  to  put  up  a  prescription  without  being  paid  for 
his  time  and  without  realizing  on  his  investment.  Why  should 
he  sell  stamps  without  the  same  consideration  for  his  own 
best  interests? 

"In  the  first  place,  what  does  it  cost  the  druggist  to  sell  stamps 
at  par?  Figure  the  loss  in  spoiled  stamps,  errors  in  handing 
out  too  many  and  in  making  change,  time  of  the  clerk  in  wait- 
ing on  this  trade  w^hich  could  be  put  to  more  profitable  use, 
sales  of  profitable  goods  lost  by  being  called  away  from  a 
prospective  customer  by  an  insistent  demand  for  a  stamp,  loss 
of  time  in  putting  up  a  prescription  by  being  called  away  for 
a  stamp  and  the  work  interrupted  necessitating  checking  back, 
perhaps,  a  proportional  part  of  the  over-head  expense,  etc. 
The  result  would  probably  astound  the  druggist,  as  an  ex- 
haustive investigation  of  this  matter  has  shown  that  it  costs 
any  druggist  not  less  than  25  per  cent.,  and  many  more  than 
this,  so  there  is  a  25  per  cent,  loss  to  start  with." 


Seneca  Camera  Departments  an  Asset. 
F.  K.  Townsend,  secretary  of  the  Seneca  Camera  Mfg.  Co., 
writes:  "It  seems  to  me  that  the  reason  we  are  doing  such 
a  large  business  this  season  is  because  our  dealers  are  more 
than  satisfied  with  their  treatment  and  because  oiu:  cameras 
are  making  good  with  their  customers."  The  Seneca  outfits 
for  dealers  which  start  at  $50  are  complete,  including  quality 
goods  of  every  variety.  Readers  of  tliis  issue  of  the  Er.4  will 
find  a  photographic  reproduction  of  one  of  these  assortments  in 
the  company's  advertisement  elsewhere,  which  tells  its  own 
story.  The  assortment  covers  folding  roll  film  and  fbced  focus 
box  form  cameras,  film  pack  machines  and  dry  plate  instru- 
ments. The  folding  roll  film  Seneca  is  a  new  departure.  It 
is  made  of  aluminum  and  coverd  with  genuine  seal  leather; 
it  has  a  one-piece,  fool-proof  lock  back  that  is  positively  light- 
tight.  Most  amateurs  have  difficulty  in  telling  when  a  camera 
is  level,  so  the  Seneca  has  a  spirit  level  placed  close  to  the 
finder  where  both  can  be  seen  at  the  same  time.  The  Scout 
camera  loads  with  ease,  and  the  shutter  is  "sure  shot"  every 
time.     In  all  the  Seneca  hand-plate  cameras  film  pack  adapters 


JuxE,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   EEA 


303 


can  be  used,  thus  making  two  styles  of  camera  in  one.  In 
addition  to  the  cameras  the  Seneca  company  is  prepared  to 
furnish  everything  necessary  for  the  photographer,  both  pro- 
fessional and  amateur,  and  when  the  druggist  has  installed  a 
department  it  is  a  very  simple  matter  to  add  supplies  in  any 
line  carried,  or  "sort  up"  the  department.  More  complete 
details  as  to  assortments  and  prices  are  instanced  in  the  com- 
pany's advertisement  elsewhere  in  this  issue. 


supported  the  first  ordinance  in  principle;  a  representative  of 
Uie  Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Blindness;  Henry  Woodruff 
and  others.  Mr.  JlcConnell  and  all  the  manufacturers  present 
favored  Dr.   Baskerville's  model. 


429^  Profit  on  a  Druggist's  Investment. 
To  the  druggist  who  believes  in  carrying  goods  that  sell,  in 
the  line  of  toilet  articles,  soaps,  bath  salts  and  violet  water, 
Miilhens  &  Kropff,  the  U.S.  Branch  of  Ferd.  Miilhens,  of 
Cologne,  Germany,  are  making  a  special  combination  offer, 
which  includes  free  goods.  The  "4711  line"  is  known  the 
country  over,  because  of  its  quality  and  because  it  is  nationally 
advertised  in  20  high-class  publications  with  a  combined  cir- 
culation of  more  than  lo. 000,000.  Such  a  campaign  has  al- 
ready created  a  demand  which  the  druggist  can  take  advantage 
of  without  additional  publicity  on  his  part.  The  "4711"  White 
Rose  Glycerin  Snap,  which  is  the  product  given  the  greater 
part  of  the  publicity,  although  the  famous  "4711"  cologne  and 
toilet  waters  are  by  no  means  overlooked,  is  a  fine,  smooth  and 
satisfactory  soap  with  a  growing  reputation.  In  the  two 
pages  advertising  the  "4711"  products  in  this  issue  of  the  Eb.\ 
Miilhens  &  Kropff  are  making  an  offer  which  includes  all 
their  best  sellers,  quoting  prices,  and  are  also  quoting  the  1914 
price  on  White  Rose  Glycerine  Soap  which  can  be  obtained 
through  any  jobber.  See  the  advertisement  for  details,  and  a 
list  of  the   articles   included   in  the   offer. 


No  Lost  Eyesight  'With  S.K.  &  F.  Tubes. 
Ether  tubes  e.xplode  occasionally,  and  when  they  do  the 
druggist  or  physician  handling  them  is  apt  to  be  injured — 
be  may  even  lose  his  eyesight.  To  prevent  just  such  disasters 
the  Smith,  Kline  &  French  Co.  are  packing  their  nitrous  ether 
tubes  in  a  patented  bag  covering,  which,  should  the  tube 
explode,  prevents  the  glass  from  fly'ng.  These  tubes  of  nitrous 
ether  are  packed  in  boxes  containing  one  or  six  tubes,  and 
can  be  obtained  through  all  wholesale  druggists.  A  sample 
will  be  sent  on  application  to  the  Smith,  Kline  &  French  Co. 
See  advertisement  in  this  issue  for  further  details. 


'■WOOD  NAPHTHA"  PROPONENTS  AGAIN  ACTIVE 


Hearing   Held   on    Proposed    Ordinance    by    Board    of 
Aldermen  Public  Health  Committee — 'Well  Presides. 

The  committee  on  public  health  of  the  New  York  City 
Board  of  .■\ldermen  gave  a  hearing  recently  on  two  ordinances 
to  regulate  the  sale  and  use  of  wood  alcohol.  Alderman  Jacob 
Weil  presided.  The  ordinance  favored  by  Jlr.  Weil  provided 
for  the  name  "wood  naphtha"  and  the  label  statement  "This 
fluid  taken  internally,  inhaled  or  used  externally,  is  likely  to 
produce  blindness  and  lead  to  death."  Dr.  Charles  Basker- 
ville  presented  a  model  for  a  uniform  State  and  municipal  law 
which  is  in  part  as  follows: 

Section  1.  No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale,  deal  in,  sup- 
ply or  give  away,  or  have  in  his  possession  with  intent  to  sell, 
offer  for  sale,  deal  in,  supply  or  give  away  any  article  of  food 
or  drink  or  any  medicinal  or  toilet  preparation  intended  for 
human  use  internally  or  externally  which  contains  any  wood 
alcohol,  otherwise  known  as  methyl  alcohol,  either  crude  or 
refined,  under  or  by  whatever  name  or  trade-mark  the  same 
may  be  called  or  known. 

Section  2.  No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale  *  *  * 
supply  or  give  away  any  wood  alcohol,  otherwise  known  as 
methyl  alcohol,  *  *  *,  unless  the  container  in  which  the 
same  is  sold  «  *  *  shall  have  affixed  thereto  a  label  con- 
taining the  following  words,  printed  in  type  not  less  in  size 
than  eight  point  as  known  to  the  trade,  in  red  letters  on  a 
white  field,  viz. : 

"Poison. — Wood  .■\lcohol. — It  is  unlawful  to  use  this  fluid 
in  any  article  of  food  or  drink,  or  mechanical  or  toilet  prepa- 
ration, for  human  use  internal  or  external. ' 

The  opposition  to  the  first  ordinance  included  Professor 
Baskervillc,  Jlr.  Stevens,  Wm.  S.  Gray,  .-Mbert  Plaut,  Mr. 
Covey,  Berry  Bros.,  Detroit;  Wm.  C.  McConnell,  Board  of 
Trade  and  Transportation,  and  Mr.  Pierson,  of  .Alexander  & 
Green,  attorneys  for  the  Wood  Products  Co.  The  proponents 
included   a    representative   of   the   Department   of   Health,    who 


Gathered  in  Philadelphia. 


Stcelman  &  Archer,  Inc.,  of  16  South  Front  street,  have 
taken  up  a  line  of  automobile  accessories  in  addition  to  their 
drug  and  paint  trade. 

A  charter  has  been  granted  at  Dover,  Del.,  to  Cleas  Tilly, 
Inc.,  to  conduct  a  wholesale  drug  business;  capital,  $150,000. 
The  incorporators  are  F.  B.  Hansell,  Philadelphia;  George 
H.  B.  Martin  and  S.  C.  Seymore,  of  Camden,  N.   J. 

A  new  drug  store  was  opened  recently  at  Plainfield,  N.  J., 
in  the  Speer  building. 

The  contract  for  the  erection  of  a  drug  store  and  ice-cream 
parlor  at  Lewis  and  Baltimore  avenues,  Darby,  Pa.,  has  been 
awarded. 

Owing  to  tlie  constant  increase  in  the  volume  of  the  business 
since  they  made  a  ciit  in  the  price  of  patent  medicines  about 
a  year  ago,  the  Smith,  Kline  &  French  Co.  have  found  it 
necessary  to  open  an  additional  office  for  the  accommodation 
of  their  rapidly  growing  clerical  force  and  have  rented  the 
building  adjoining  their  entrance  on  Fifth  street  above  Market. 
Mr.  French  says,  in  regard  to  the  condition  of  business:  "If 
the  Government  will  cease  consideration  of  laws  further  re- 
stricting and  disrupting  business  and  will  confine  itself  to  the 
enforcement  of  laws  now  on  the  statute  books,  it  is  believed 
that  in  consideration  of  the  splendid  prospects  of  growing 
crops  business  will  again  become  very  active,  in  spite  of  the 
further  possible  trouble  with  Mexico." 

.\  bad  case  of  rheumatism  has  kept  Harry  E.  Robertson,  of 
Frederick  Brown  &  Co.,  away  from  business  for  several  months, 
and  as  he  is  not  improving  very  rapidly  it  is  not  known  when 
he   will  return  to  work. 

.\ll  indications  point  to  an  unusual  exhibition  by  manu- 
facturers at  the  exhibition  of  the  N..\.R.D.  in  August.  There 
are  but  nine  display  spaces  left. 

The  drug  store  located  at  1210  Market  street,  which  the 
Riker-Hegeman  Co.  opened  for  business  last  November,  was 
formally  opened  in  .\pril.  The  usual  "opening  sale"  was 
held,  and  to  the  numerous  articles  handled  by  retail  druggists 
this  company  has  added  fresh  eggs.  In  order  to  stimulate  the 
sale  of  eggs  they  gave  a  package  of  egg  dye  with  each  dozen 
purchased,  and  in  the  course  of  the  day  thousands  of  dozens 
were  sold.  While  the  women  and  girls  consumed  2000  glasses 
of  soda  water  and  as  many  sundaes,  the  men  took  5000  cigars 
and  5000  packs  of  cigarettes  out  of  the  establishment. 

The  will  of  the  late  J.  Elwood  Lee,  vice-president  of 
Johnson  &  Johnson,  has  been  probated  at  Norristown,  Pa. 
The  estate  is  estimated  at  more  than  $1,000,000. 

J.  F.  Maurice,  of  the  Philadelphia  branch  of  Johnson  & 
Johnson,  is  now  covering  the  territory  made  vacant  by  the 
recent  death  of  A.  Swisher.  Mr.  Wertheim,  who  occupied  an 
inside  position,  is  looking  after  the  territory  formerly  taken 
care  of  by  Mr.  Maurice. 


Biker-Heg^man  Co.  Elects  Officers. 
.Vlfred  H,  Cosden  was  elected  president  of  the  Riker-Hege- 
man Drug  Co.  at  the  recent  annual  meeting  of  that  company. 
E.x-president  John  H.  Flagler  was  made  chairman  of  the  board 
of  directors.  H.  S.  Collins,  formerly  vice-president  of  the 
United  Cigar  Stores  Company,  was  elected  vice-president  of  the 
drug  company.  John  S.  .\lley  is  another  vice-president  and 
R.  B.  Wattley  the  secretary  and  treasurer.  The  stockholders 
elected  as  directors :  H.  S.  Collins,  R.  B.  Wattley,  Carl  Schmid- 
lap,  D.  Herman,  L.  Rubenoff,  S.  L.  Marcus  and  W.  S.  Refus. 
The  retiring  directors  are:  R.  B.  Rathb»ne,  W.  D.  Davis, 
Frederick  H.  Pouch,  Wm.  C.  Bolton  and  H.  D.  Hutchins. 


New   York   Bowlers  'Win   Tournament. 

The  annual  tournament  of  the  .\merican  Drug  Trade  Bowl- 
ing .Association,  .Atlantic  City,  May  S-9,  resulted  in  a  victory 
for  the  New  York  Wholesale  Drug  Trade  Bowling  .Association 
with  IS  points  won,  Baltimore  second  with  10  points  and 
Philadelphia  third  with  eight  points.  These  officers  were 
elected :  President,  Charles  C.  Buchanan,  Philadelphia ;  vice- 
president.  George  Armour,  Baltimore;  secretary-treasurer.  Dr. 
Wm.  B.  Christine. 


304 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[June,  1914 


FATEMTS  AMD  TIRAD, 


HOLDER    FOB    CARBOYS. 


HORACE  M.  McCORD,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  assignor  of 
five-twentieths   to    Joseph    F.    McDonough,    La    Crosse, 
Wis.,  has  been  granted  letters  patent  on  a  carboy  holder 
(N"o.    1.094.669)    which  comprises  a   frame,   a   pivoted  support 
for  the  carboy  consisting  of  a  bottom  platform,  side  and  end 
walls,  one  of  which  is  hinged  to  swing  clear  of  the  support, 


1.095.318. 


1.093,740. 


and  means  for  holding  the  carboy  on  the  pivoted  support. 
The  hinged  wall  is  made  to  hold  the  support  in  horizontal 
position  while  the  carboy  is  being  placed  thereon,  and  is  also 
being  adapted  to  swing  up  and  firmly  position  the  carboy 
within  the  walls.  A  box  pivotally  attached  to  the  standards 
mounted  on  the  frame  of  the  holder  supports  the  carboy, 
which  is  held  therein  by  means  of  an  adjustable  rod,  which 
is  positioned  by  means  of  a  hand-nut.  The  hinged  side  of 
the  box  when  swung  down,  as  before  stated,  is  made  to  sup- 
port the  box  in  horizontal  position  to  permit  the  insertion  of 
the  carbov. 


Medicine  Cabinet. 
This  invention  consists  of  a  door  for  medicine  cabinets 
comprising  four  bars  at  right  angles  to  each  other  having 
beveled  ends  brazed  together,  the  two  uprights  and  the  bottom 
bars  of  the  frame  constituting  channel  bars,  while  the  top 
bar  has  a  smooth  inner  face,  whereby  a  mirror  and  a  backing 
may  be  inserted  into  the  frame  from  the  top,  an  angle  bar 
removably  secured  to  the  inner  face  of  the  top  bar  confining 
the  upper  edge  of  the  mirror  and  the  backing  in  the  frame. 
The  specifications  also  cover  the  combination  with  a  medicine 
cabinet  having  a  rectagular  door  receiving  opening  therein,  of 
a  door  for  said  cabinet  comprising  four  bars  at  right  angles 
to  each  other  having  the  beveled  ends  brazed  together,  three 
of  the  bars  having  heads  at  their  outer  edges  extending  in 
both  directions  beyond  the  intermediate  member  of  the  chan- 
nel bars  and  overlapping  the  edges  of  the  cabinet,  hinges  con- 
necting the  third  of  said  bars  to  the  cabinet,  and  the  horizontal 
members  of  the  door  constituting  channel  bars  in  which  are 
supported  the  mirAr  and  backing  which  form  a  prominent 
part  of  the  door.  The  inventor  is  Louis  F.  Eisele,  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.    (Patent  No.  1,095,318.) 


Medicine   Dose   Measurer   and   Bottle   Stopper. 
This    device    is    the    invention    of    Alexander    T.    Stevenson, 
Portland,   Ore.     (Patent  No.   1,093,740.)     It   is  designed  as  a 

■■P^  Copy  of  Patent  or  Trade-Mark  15c.  Trade-Marks  & 
Labels  Registered.  Advice  under  F.  &D.Acts.  Send  for  Book. 
G.  H.  D.^VIS,  918  F  St.,  N.W.,  Washington,  D.C.     (Adv.) 


combined  measurer  and  stopper  for  bottles,  comprising  a 
graduated  bulb  having  a  neck  projecting  diagonally  upward 
and  outward  in  substantially  the  same  plane  with  the  long  axis 
of  the  bulb;  and  a  downwardly  extending  tubular  branch 
connected  to  tlic  bottom  of  the  graduated  bulb  adapted  to  be 
inserted  in  and  form  a  closure  for  the  bottle. 


Combination    Valve    Funnel. 

Among  the  numerous  improvements  made  in  funnels  recently 

is  the   invention  of   Bertie  Earl  Walter,   Tulsa,   Okla.     (Patent 

No.  1,094,350),  which  is  shown  in  the  accompanying  engraving. 

It  consists  of  the  combination   with  a  glass  funnel  having  a 


1.094.669 


1.094,350. 


contracted  neck  forming  a  valve  seat,  of  a  rod  working  within 
the  funnel,  and  a  glass  tube  fi.xed  to  the  rod  throughout  the 
length  thereof  for  covering  the  same  and  formed  %vith  a  glass 
ball  terminal  about  the  lower  end  of  the  rod  to  provide  a  valve 
engageable  with  the  said  seat. 


Funnel  With  Discharge  Spout. 

Another  type  of  funnel  is  the  invention  of  Bela  Rakottyay, 
Jersey  City,  N.  J.  (Patent  No.  1,094,098),  which  consists  of 
the  combination  with  a  funnel  having  a  conical  discharge 
spout,  of  a  valve  normally  closing  said  spout,  a  hollow  conical 
member  shiftably  arranged  upon  the  outer  face  of  the  spout, 
and  a  wire  attached  to  the  outer  surface  of  the  conical  body 
and  connected  with  the  valve  whereby  the  latter  is  unseated 
when  the  conical  member  is  moved  toward  the  body  portion 
of  the  funnel,  the  conical  body  also  preventing  that  portion 
of  the  wire  disposed  on  the  outer  surface  from  "contacting  with 
the  inner  surface  of  the  bottle  when  the  funnel  is  inserted  into 
the  bottle  neck. 


PATENTS. 


Granted  April  21,   1914. 

1,093,740 — Alexander   T.    Stevenson,    Portland,    Ore.      Medicine    dose 

measurer  and  bottle  stopper. 
1,094,098— Bela   Rakottyay,  Jersey  City,   N.  J.     Funnel. 
1,094,119 — Jurgen   Callsen,   assignor  to   Farbenfabriken  vorm.    Friedr. 

Bayer  &   Co.,    Elberfeld,   Germany.     Pharmaceutical   compounds, 
1,094,123 — Ludwig  Claisen,   assignor  to   Synthetic   Patents   Co.,   Inc. 

New   York.   N.   Y.      C-AIIyl   salicylic  acid. 
1,094,159 — Georg    Merling,    Otto    Chrzescinski    and   Hugo   Kohler,    as 

signers   to    Farbenfabriken   vorm.    Friedr.    Bayer   &   Co.,    Elber- 
feld,   Germany.      Process    of    producing    keto    compounds    from 

ketones  and  alkylaminomethanes. 
1,094,182 — Hans  Wolf,   assignor  to   Badische  Anilin   &  Soda  Fabrik, 

Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,     Germany.      Process    of    producing 

oxides  of  nitrogen. 
1,094,296 — Peter  Bergell,  assignor  to  J.  D.  Riedel  Aktiengesellschaft, 

Berlin-Britz,  Germany.     Pharmaceutical  or  medicinal  compound 

and  process  for  producing  the  same. 
1,094,350— Bertie  Earl  Walter,  Tulsa,  Okla.     Funnel. 

Granted   April  28,    1914. 

1,094.539 — Konrad  Delbruck  and  Kurt  Meisenburg,  assignors  to 
Farbenfabriken  vorm.  Friedr.  Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld,  Germany. 
Process  of  producing   1.3-butyleneglycol. 

l,094,6':,9^Horace  M.  McCord,  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  assignor  of  five- 
twentieths  to  Joseph  F.  McDonough,  La  Crosse,  Wis.  Holder 
for   carboys. 

1,094,776— Louis  H.  Brinkman,  Glen  Ridge,  N.  J.,  assignor  to  Gen- 
eral  Industries   Company,   New   York.     Bottle   capping  machine. 

1,094,784 — Carl   Henry   Epple,   Oakland,   Cal.     Sanitary    bottle  closer. 


June,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


305 


THE  DRUG  MARKETS 


CITRIC   ACID   SCARCE   AND   HIGHER. 

Biexican  War  Prevents  Shipment  of  Sarsaparilla  Root 

and    Quotations   Are   Advanced. 

See  pages  27  to  41   for  Prices  Current. 

Changes  Since  L.a,st  Report. 

A— .\cid,  Citric,   Crystal   (kegs) lb.  —  .54 

Less  lb.  .70  —  .75 

Granulated    lb.  .72  —  .75 

Powdered  lb.  .73  —  .77 

A — Acid,  Tannic,  Pharmaceutical.  1-lb.  cart. lb.  .75  —  .90 

Medicinal    lb.  .85  —  1.10 

A— .\cid.  Tartaric,  Powdered lb.  .36  —  .42 

A— Atropine,  '/s-oz.  vials oz.  9.00  —  9.25 

A — Atropine  Sulphate,  '/i-oz.  vials oz.  8.00  —  8.25 

D— Balsam  Tolu   lb.  .75  —  .85 

A — Calcium  Bromide   lb.  .75  —  .80 

A— Cantharides,  Russian,  Sifted lb.  2.10  —  2.25 

Powdered lb.  2.25  —  2.40 

D— Ergot lb.  .70  —  1.20 

Powdered lb.  .80  —  1.45 

D— Fennel  Seed     lb.  .16  —  .20 

D—Guaiacol,  Liquid  lb.  2.30  —  2.40 

A— Guaiacol,  Carbonate  (lb.  3.20) oz.  .26  —  .28 

A — Guaiacol,   Salicylate    (Guaiac-Salol) oz.  —  1.60 

A— Hops  (1913)    lb.  .30  —  .36 

A — Lead  Acetate  (Sugar  of  Lead) lb.  .12  —  .26 

A— Lead  Chloride   lb.  .50  —  .75 

D— Manna,  Small  Flake lb.  .45  —  .50 

D— Oil  Bergamot  lb.  5.85  —  6.00 

D— Oil  Birch,  Black  (Betula) lb.  1.50  —  1.60 

A— Oil  Citronella lb.  .48  —  .54 

D— Oil  Lavender,    Garden    French lb.  .90  —  1.00 

D— Oil  Orange,  Sweet  lb.  2.50  —  2.60 

A— Oil  Peppermint,  New  York lb.  4.50  —  4.75 

Hotchkiss  lb.  4.25  —  4.50 

D— Oil  Sassafras lb.  .65  —  .75 

A— Opium,  Natural lb.  6.60  —  7.25 

A — Sarsaparilla  Root,  Mexican,   Cut lb.  .52  —  .56 

Powdered.,  lb.  .55  —  .60 

D — Strontium  Salicylate lb.  —  .60 

NOTE — A,   adz-anced;    D,   declined;   C,   correction;  N,  new. 


NEW  YORK,  May  22. — Purchasing  operations  in  drugs  and 
chemicals  in  this  market  have  been  of  a  restricted  char- 
acter and  confined  principally  to  replenishment  of  stocks 
and  routine  business.  The  advances  in  prices,  however,  out- 
number the  reductions,  the  most  important  changes  being  the 
decline  in  the  quotations  on  oils  of  bergamot,  birch,  lavender 
and  sweet  orange.  Natural  opium  is  higher,  due  principally 
to  the  scanty  supply  of  stocks.  Quinine  is  firm  and  still 
obtainable  at  last  month's  quotations.  Citric  acid  is  higher, 
and  advances  are  also  noted  in  the  quotations  on  tannic  and 
tartaric  acids.  Balsam  tolu  is  lower,  although  a  fair  buying 
movement  is  reported.  Oil  of  peppermint  is  higher  and  firmly 
held  on  the  lack  of  new  offerings  from  growers  in  Michigan 
and  other  Western  sections.  Cod  liver  oil  is  unchanged  in 
price,  notwithstanding  continued  reports  of  a  falling  off  in  the 
number  of  fish  caught  and  amount  of  oil  produced  during  the 
season  as  compared  with  the  statistics  of  former  years.  Ergot 
is  easier  and  low-er  in  price.  .Atropine  alkaloid  and  sulphate 
have  been  advanced,  and  guaiacol  and  combinations  show  a 
revision  in  prices.  Sarsaparilla  root,  Mexican,  has  again 
advanced,  local  stocks  being  considerably  curtailed,  owing  to 
the  hold-up  of  shipments  in  the  country  of  production.  Can- 
tharides are  higher. 

Opium — The  market  is  firm  and  jobbers  have  advanced 
quotations  on  natural  to  S6.60@5'.2S  per  pound,  prices  for 
granulated  and  U.S. P.  powdered  remaining  unchanged  at 
last  month's  quotations,  viz.,  S8.25fa$8.35  for  the  former,  and 
$8.15@$8.35  for  the  latter.  The  statistics  showing  the  imports 
of  this  drug  for  the  nine  months  ending  March  31  are  as 
follows:    330,413  pounds,  valued  at  .51,279,258;   the  figures  for 


the  corresponding  period  of  the  preceding  year  were  372,317 
pounds,  valued  at  $1,909,224;  for  1912,  346,675  pounds,  valued 
at  $2,129,069.  Reports  from  abroad  indicate  that  operators  in 
the  primary  markets  continue  to  hold  their  stocks  very  strongly, 
and  that  there  is  a  growing  scarcity  in  these  centers  which 
cannot  be  replenished  until  the  arrival  of  the  new  crop  ne3rt 
month. 

QiTXiNE — Continues  firm  and  in  good  demand  at  26  cents 
per  ounce  for  bulk  in  100-ounce  tins.  Some  interest  has  been 
evinced  in  this  article  during  the  past  few  weeks  owing  to  the 
fact  that  several  large  contracts  were  placed  for  the  febrifuge 
by  the  U.S.  Government,  presumably  in  anticipation  of  a 
possible  future  need  of  the  drug  by  the  armies  and  naval  forces 
now  in  or  to  be  sent  to  Me.xico.  Government  statistics  for 
March  show-  the  importation  of  467,606  ounces  of  quinine, 
valued  at  $106,804,  as  compared  with  551,534  ounces,  valued 
at  $98,817   for  the  corresponding  period  last  year. 

Cod  hrvEn  On. — Norwegian  is  firm  and  unchanged  in  price. 
Cables  from  primary  sources  report  an  upward  tendency,  in- 
fluenced by  the  falling  short  of  the  anticipated  yield  of  the 
season's  production.  The  total  catch  to  the  week  ending 
May  16  amounted  to  66,800,000  fish,  with  a  yield  of  42,540 
barrels  of  oil,  against  59,200,000  fish  caught  in  the  correspond- 
ing period  a  year  ago,  which  yielded  31,900  barrels  of  oil. 

Citric  .\cid — Scarcity  of  supplies  has  caused  a  marked 
advance  in  quotations,  as  follows :  Crystal,  in  kegs,  54  cents 
per  pound;  less,  70c.@75c. ;  granulated,  72c.@75c.;  powdered, 
73c. @ 77c.  .\dvices  from  Hamburg  state  that  all  of  last  year's 
production  and  what  remained  of  old  stock  has  been  sold  and 
the  Camera  Agrumaria  has  stopped  sales. 

Cantharides — .•Ml  grades  are  in  limited  supply  and  higher, 
jobbers  quoting  S2.10@$2.25  per  pound  for  sifted,  and  $2.25@ 
$2.40  for  powdered.  Chinese  flies  are  also  higher  abroad,  but 
still  obtainable  at  nominal  quotations  in  this  market. 

On,  Berg.\mot — In  common  with  other  Sicilian  essences  this 
oil  shows  a  downward  tendency,  quotations  ranging  from  $5.85 
@$6  per  pound.  Further  reductions  are  likely,  advices  from 
producing  centers  indicating  that  the  season's  yield  will  be 
satisfactory  both  in  quality  and  quantity. 

On,  0r-\nge — This  article  is  also  lower  in  price,  sweet  being 
quoted  at  S2.50@$2.60  per  pound.  In  common  with  other 
citrus  oils  this  product  is  assuming  its  former  normal  price, 
due  to  the  reports  of  the  large  production  of  new  crop. 

On,  Peppermint — Is  firmly  held  on  the  lack  of  new  offerings 
from  growers  in  Michigan  and  other  Western  sections.  Jobbers 
have  advanced  quotations  to  $4.50@$4.75  for  New  York, 
and  $4.2S@$4.S0  for  Hotchkiss.  The  market  for  menthol  is 
also  firm,  but  quotations  are  unchanged. 

On,  Citronella — Ceylon  oil  has  been  strong  and  active  in 
the  local  market,  and  quotations  have  been  advanced  to  48c. 
@54c.  per  pound,  .^s  a  mosquito  repeller  citronella  oil  has 
some  reputation,  and  the  increased  demand  of  the  oil  for  this 
purpose  at  this  time  of  the  year  is  not  without  its  effect  on 
the  market.  It  is  also  noted  that  spot  offerings  from  primary 
markets  have  been  virtually  withdrawn. 

On.  Lavxnder — Garden  (French)  is  easier  and  quotations 
have  been  reduced  to  90c.@$l  per  pound. 

Mann.i — Small  Flake  shows  a  lower  range  and  prices  have 
declined  to  45c.@50c.  per  pound,  notwithstanding  the  reports 
that  stocks  in  some  quarters  are  largely  depleted. 

Atropine — Following  an  advance  in  quotations  by  manu- 
facturers of  this  alkaloid  and  its  salt,  jobbers  have  marked  up 
their  prices  and  now  quote  $9@$9.25  per  ounce  for  alkaloid 
in  5^-ounce  vials,  and  $8@$8.25  per  ounce  for  sulphate,  also 
in  J/^-ounce  vials. 

Hops — Prices  for  1913  crop  are  higher,  the  ruling  quotations 
being  o0c.(5)36c.  per  pound. 

Senn.iv  Leav-es — Lack  quotable  change,  but  the  market  re- 
tains a  strong  tone  and  the  tendency  of  prices  seem  to  be 
moving  upward.  The  customs  authorities  are  e.xercising  a 
very  strict  supervision  of  the  quality  of  leaves  now  permitted 
entry. 

C.^nnabis  Indic.\ — Is  firmer,  owing  to  the  strength  of  the 
primary  situation  and  diminished  stocks  here,  dealers  quoting 


306 


THE    rilAKMACEr'ru'AL    KKA 


[June,  1914 


Sl.SOCff^l.oo  per  pound  for  herb.  Recent  advices  from  London 
indicate  higher  prices   in  that  market. 

T.\M.\RrNDS — Are  receiving  an  increased  inquiry  and  the 
market  remains  steady  at  present  prevailing  prices,  $o.25(!r$5.50 
per  keg  Ix-ing  asked.  Stocks  are  light  and  the  indications 
are  that  they  will  renuiin  so  during  the  [^resent  season. 

S.\KS.\F.VRna_\  Root — Mexican,  cut,  has  been  advanced  to 
.^.2c.(er5c>c.  per  pound,  and  powdered  to  55c.(i?60c.  per  pound. 
Local  handlers  of  this  root  have  been  unable  to  replcnisli  their 
stock,  owing  to  the  cessation  of  shipments  from  Tuxpam  and 
Tampico,  no  new  arrivals  coming  in  to  those  points  from  the 
producing  districts  which  are  within  the  zone  of  active  hos- 
tilities in  that  disturbed  country.  Honduras  root  is  also 
strongly   maintained  as  to  price. 

Gv.u.\coL — Quotations  have  undergone  a  revision  since  our 
last  report,  liquid  being  now  obtainable  at  ?2.oO@$2.40  per 
pound;  carbonate,  So.20  per  pound,  or  26c.@28c.  per  ounce, 
and  salicylate    (guaiacol-saloH,   S1.60  per  ounce. 

S.VPFRON— Is  firm  at  SI3(<TSKi,25  for  true  Valencia.  Cable 
reports  indicate  an  upward  tendency  abroad  owing  to  a  short- 
age in  the  yield  due  to  dry  weather  in  the  Spanish  producing 
districts. 

On.  Birch — Black  (betula)  shows  a  marked  decline,  jobbers 
quoting  Sl,50(<rS1.60  per  pound. 

On.  S.\ss.\FR.\s — Is  also  lower  and  in  good  supply,  quotations 
ranging  from  65c. (a  75c.   per  pound. 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  is  a  systematic  home-study  course, 
designed  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  58  Lec- 
tures; it  can  be  completed  in  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  the 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete   Prospectus   can   be   had   by   addressing 

Director  Er.^  Col'RSE  lx  Ph.\rm.\cy, 

c/o  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co., 

No.   3   P.«K   Pi..\cE,   New   York. 


Matriculation      Graduates  to  May  20,  1914.      Graduation 
Number.  Average. 

'592— Walter  H.  Hayles,  Fort  Madison,  Iowa 96 

7801 — Fred  Ed.  Wiltshire,  Cleveland,  Ohio 91 

7878 — Howard  E.  Robinson,  .\ltamont,  ]Mo 86 

7990 — Leon  C.  Rothgeb,  Lurav,  Va 96 

8058— Edward  A.  Bank,  Brooklyn,  X.  Y 94 

8189— J.  I.  Gelly,  Nokomis,  111 94 

What  Our  Graduates  Think  of  It. 

"I  think  your  Course  is  fine,  and  cannot  praise  it  enough. 
The  only  objection  I  can  see  is  that  you  sell  it  too  cheap." 
— H.  E.  RoBrs'soN,  .Altamont,  Mo. 

"I  have  certainly  enjoyed  the  study,  and  I  have  learned  many 
new  and  fine  points  that  I  couldn't  have  learned  myself,  I 
think  the  Course  worth  many  times  more  than  the  price 
charged." — L.   W.   ToziER,   Montpelier,   Idaho. 

"This  is  to  inform  you  of  the  fact  that  I  am  now  a  hospital 
steward,  having  passed  the  examination  before  I  completed  the 
Er.\  Course.  My  success  I  base  on  the  thorough  study  of  your 
Lectures.  I  must  say  that  a  man  certainly  gets  his  ten  dollars' 
worth  and  more." — Hexry  Topp,  Navy  Yard,   Norfolk,   Va. 

"I  can  say  that  I  was  benefited  to  a  great  extent  by  this 
Course,  and  have  recommended  it  to  several  who  are  seeking 
advancement." — Jos.  C.  F.\G.^x,  Naval  Medical  School,  Wash- 
ington, D.   C. 

St.  Louis  C.  of  P. 
Charles  F.  Nagel,  former  Secretary  of  Commerce  and  Labor 
in  the  National  cabinet,  delivered  the  valedictory  address  at 
the  48th  commencement  exercises  of  the  St.  Louis  College  of 
Pharmacy.  Fifty-eight  students,  including  three  women,  'vere 
graduated.  Degrees  were  conferred  by  Dr.  J.  C.  Falk,  college 
president.  A  gold  medal  for  the  best  examination  in  all 
branches  was  won  by  Franz  Frederick  Berg,  of  Colorado 
Springs.  Col.;  the  college  silver  medal,  by  Frank  John  Helms, 
Addieville,  111.;  the  recommendation  for  membership  in  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociation,  with  dues  for  1914, 
given  by  the  college,  to  Junius  Blanton  Linn,  of  Canton,  Mo. 


Honorable  mention  in  the  graduate  of  pharmacy  class:  Miss 
Cressie  Dclahae  Panhoisl.  Staunton,  111.;  Miss  Lydia  Frankie 
Batilorf,  Freeburg,  111.;  Fred  George  ilesserschmidt,  St.  Louis; 
.\lc.\ander  Pearlstone,  St.  Louis;  Walter  Frcudcnberg,  Belle- 
ville, 111.;  William  Paul  Massock,  Decatur,  111.  Honorable 
mention  in  the  bachelor  of  pharmacy  class,  William  Henry 
Duckworth,   St.   Clair,   Mo. 

The  junior  class  scholarships  and  prizes  follow:  Edw-ard 
Mallinckrodt,  scholarship  for  1914-15,  to  Joseph  Frey,  St. 
Louis;  Meyer  Brothers  scholarship  for  1914-15,  to  Glenn 
.^drian  Burkhardt,  St.  Louis;  J.  S.  Merrell  scholarship  for 
1914-15,  to  Roland  Henry  Kracge,  Yorkton,  Tex.;  the  alumni 
prize,  some  standard  work  on  the  subject  of  pharmacy  or 
allied  branches,  awarded  for  excellence  in  examination,  to 
Herbert  W.  Bi.xon,  Middlebrook,  Mo.;  honorable  mention: 
Joseph  Frank  Evans,  Mountain  Grove,  Mo.;  Sam  Honiberg 
and   Philip   Ludger   Chiles,   St.   Louis. 


New  Jei'sey  Colleg-e   of  Pharmacy. 

The  annual  conunenccmcnt  of  the  New  Jersey  College  of 
Pharmacy  at  Newark  w-as  held  May  12  at  Wallace  Hall,  when 
29  graduates  received  their  diplomas.  There  were  two  ladies, 
both  Sisters  of  Charity,  and  one  of  them.  Sister  Inez  Marie, 
took  the  highest  honors  in  the  class,  and  won  the  prize  of  $25 
in  gold  awarded  by  tlie  trustees,  and  one  other  award,  the 
presentation  being  made  by  President  William  O.  Kuebler.  .\n 
address  was  made  by  Dean  P.  E.  Hummel,  and  the  address 
to  the  graduates  was  made  by  N.  Kussy,  Esq.,  on  "Profes- 
sional Ethics."  The  valedictory  was  cielivered  by  Isadore 
Leventhal,  and  the  diplomas  were  bestowed  by  President 
Kuebler.  This  was  the  largest  graduating  class  in  the  history 
of   the   college. 

.•\t  the  annual  meeting  May  20  all  the  old  officers  were 
re-elected.  The  college  is  in  a  very  substantial  condition,  with 
neither  debts  nor  mortgages,  and  there  is  a  substantial  balance 
in  the  treasury. 


New  Orleans  Colleg-e  of  Pharmacy. 
Twenty  graduates  received  diplomas  at  the  commencement 
of  the  New  Orleans  College  of  Pharmacy.  The  alumni  gold 
medal  to  the  student  making  the  highest  mark  was  pre.sented 
by  President  Joseph  P.  Walker  to  Ernest  F.  Buckley,  of  Slidell; 
the  State  Ph..\.  medal  to  Pascal  J.  Liuzza,  of  New  Orleans; 
membership  in  the  .■\..Ph.,-\.,  awarded  by  the  dean,  to  Emile  J. 
Burvant,  of  New  Orleans.  The  faculty  medal  to  the  junior 
making  the  highest  marks  went  to  P.  H.  Corbett,  of  Colfax. 
Emile  J.  Burvant,  of  New  Orleans,  was  salutatorian,  and 
Marion  W.  Stewart,  of  .\mite,  valedictorian. 


The  Indianapolis  College  of  Pharmacv  has  been  incorporated 
with  $50,000  capital,  by  F.  A.  Mueller,' E.  H.  Niles  and  J.  V. 
Rawdings. 


Campbell  A.  Neptune,  of  Parkersburg,  West  Va.,  has  just 
completed  a  canvass  of  the  high  school  students  of  the  State  to 
see  how  many  are  interested  in  the  establishment  of  a  course 
in  pharmacy  at  West  ^'irginia  University.  Neptune,  who  is 
secretary  of  the  State  Ph..\.;  received  affirmative  replies  from 
71  would-be  students,  and  President  Hodges,  of  the  university, 
has  received  a  sufficient  number  of  applications  to  justify  the 
opening  of  a  pharmacy  department  if  an  appropriation  can 
be  secured  from  the  State.  The  State  association  will  take  the 
matter  up  at  its  annual  meeting  this  month. 


Dinner  at  Chemists'  Club  Honor  of  Prof.  Remington. 
Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington  was  the  guest  of  honor  at  a 
dinner  held  at  the  Chemists'  Club,  52  East  41st  street,  before 
the  recent  meeting  of  the  N.Y.Ph..^.  branch.  .A.mong  those 
present  were:  Dr.  H.  V.  .^rny.  Dr.  W.  A.  Bastedo,  John 
Roemer,  Otto  Raubenheimer,  J.  Leon  Lascoff,  Dr.  Wm.  C. 
Anderson,  Dr.  Joseph  Maver,  J.  H.  Rehfuss,  Prof.  E.  Fullerton 
Cook,  Caswell  A.  Mayo,  Prof.  Charles  LaWall,  Dr.  \"irgil 
Coblentz,  Prof.  G.  N.  Horstmann,  Frank  L.  McCartney, 
Clarence  O.  Bigelow.  Thomas  Latham,  Louis  Berger,  Felix 
Hirscman,  Hugo  Kantrowitz.  V.  C.  Daggett,  F.  K.  Tames, 
Thomas  F.  Main.  R.  S.  Lehman,  E.  H.  Gane,  Mrs.  St.  "Clair- 
Ransford  Gav  and  others. 


The  Wasself  Pharmacy,  4239  Broadway,  are  about  to 
open  a  branch  drug  store  at  Broadway  and  112th  street.  New 
York  City. 


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)  ESTABLISHED    18871^11 "        ~~^~~ 


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If  THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


AN   ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBLICATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XLVII 


New  York,  July,  1914 


No.  7 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era. 

PUBLlSHtU   ON   THE    llkST  OF   EACH   MONTH 


D.  O.  Haynes  6c  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
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Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas- 
urer, D. ,  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N.  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  Officers  is  No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

Entered  at  the  New   York  Post-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1914,  ty  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    All  rights  reserved 

Title    Registered    in    the    United   States   Patent    Office. 

Table  of  Contents. 


RE.'\DING  SECTION. 

Editoriai.  and  Ph-^rmaceutical Pages  307-326 

Editorials   307-310 

'     Books  Reviewed    310-31 1 

Proposed   Changes   in   the   U.S.P 312-314 

Preparation   and    Analysis   of    Vleminckx's    Solution 

Dr.   Jos.   L.  Mayer 314 

Pure  Drugs  and  Public  Health,  M.  I.  Wilbert 315-316 

Liquid  Petrolatum   (Russian  Mineral  Oil) 316-317 

Classical     Discoveries     in      Pharmacy,      VII  —  The 

Medicinal   Wines    318-319 

Selected   Formulas    320 

Foreign    ."Abstracts    321-322 

Question   Box    323-324 

Women   in   Pharmacy 325-326 

News  Section Pages  327-344 

Mostly  Personal    327-330 

Obituaries     330-331 

Associations    332-340 

Schools   and    Colleges 341-343 

Board  Examinations    343-344 

Trade  Section Pages  345-354 

Market    Reports 353 

INDEX  TO  ADVERTISERS Page  55 

INDEX  TO   GOODS   .ADVERTISED Pages  51 -.54 

INDEX   TO   RE.'VDIXG    P.AGES Page  56 


AND    THIS   IS   WHAT    WE    PAY    FOR! 


Two  new  enactments  in  New  York  State,  made 
laws  without  perfecting  clauses  or  without  neces- 
sary appropriations,  have  created  a  remarkable 
situation  in  the  drug  trade.  The  Boylan  bill,  hailed 
as  a  progressive  and  supposedly  fair  law  for  the 
control  of  the  sale  of  narcotic  drugs,  carried  with 
it  a  proviso  that  on  and  after  July  1,  1914,  all 
ordei-s  for  cocaine,  etc.,  shall  be  made  upon  official 
order-blanks,  prepared  and  furnished  by  the  State 
Commissioner  of  Health,  and  furnished  by  the  local 
health  officers  to  all  physicians,  dentists,  pharma- 
cists and  veterinarians,  duly  licensed.  Any  sale  of 
the  stipulated  narcotics  in  any  other  method  than 
by  the  use  of  these  official  blanks  is  declared  un- 
lawful. The  druggists,  wholesale  and  retail,  stand 
ready  to  abide  by  the  law,  but  thousands  of  requests 
for  blanks  have  been  made  to  the  State  Health 
Department  without  result — the  uniform  reply  from 
the  State  officials  has  been  this :  No  blfinks  liave 
been  printed  and  no  appropriation  has  been  made 
for  them. 

What  the  effect  of  such  unbusinesslike  methods 
and  lack  of  foresight  will  be  no  one  at  this  writing 
pretends  even  to  surmise  1 

The  second  measure  concerning  which  there  is 
a  similar  difficulty,  although  in  this  instance  due 
to  lack  of  definite  stipulation,  is  the  'Workmen's 
Compensation  Act"  which  requires  genei-al  insur- 
ance of  workmen  to  provide  for  the  generous 
damages  awarded  under  the  law  to  workmen  in- 
jured while  engaged  in  their  customary  occupa- 
tions, and  still  larger  damages  in  the  case  of  death 
through  accident.  Efforts  have  been  made  by  the 
New  York  State  Ph. A.  and  by  other  organizations 
to  obtain  from  the  State  Department  of  Labor  and 
the  Compensation  Commission  at  Albany  a  ruling 
as  to  whether  or  not  this  act  applies  to  the  average 
retail  pharmacy  where  neither  power  nor  machinery 
is  used.  Up  till  the  time  of  going  to  press  no 
decision  had  been  annoimced  by  the  State  boards, 
while  the  experts  of  the  liability  companies  frankly 
admitted  they  were  in  doubt  as  to  whether  or  not 
pharmacists  came  imder  the  application  of  the  act. 

The  great  National  associations  have,  as  a  rule, 
protected  themselves  and  their  membership  from 
such  disquieting  conditions  by  the  employment  of 
legal  council,  attorneys  versed  in  the  intricacies  of 
legislative  enactment.     It  is  unfortunate  that  the 


308 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


retail  drusrgists  have  been  without  sueh  learal  aid, 
for  uo  layman,  nor  body  of  laymen  in  a  legislative 
committee,  work  as  hard  as  they  will  and  as  con- 
scientiously as  they  have — Jind  the  legislative  com- 
mittee of  the  New  York  State  Association  last  year 
was  second  to  none  in  efficiency  and  wholehearted 
etfort — e;m  foresee  such  purely  technical  difficulties 
in  the  application  of  new  laws. 

The  situation  is  a  deplorable  one,  although  by  no 
means  without  precedent  in  these  days  of  semi- 
digested  legislative  enactment. 


EVADING  A  PLAIN  RESPONSIBILITY. 


The  manner  in  which  Secretary-Treasurer  ilan- 
dabach  disposes  of  the  Druggists'  National  Home 
in  his  report  to  the  annual  meeting  of  the  National 
Drug  Clerks'  Association,  an  abstract  of  whose 
proceedings  are  printed  in  this  issue  of  the  Era, 
is  not  verj-  reassuring  as  to  the  future  success  of 
that  laudable  tmdertaking.  Further,  the  report 
gives  no  information  as  to  the  work  that  either  he 
or  his  organization  have  done  in  connection  with 
the  Home.  The  disposition  of  the  subject  in  such 
short  shrift  lends  color  to  the  belief  expressed  in 
some  quarters  that  the  association  undertook  to 
found  an  institution  without  first  fully  coimting 
the  cost  or  considering  the  work  that  the  "father- 
ing"' of  sueh  a  project  involved. 

The  motives  which  prompted  this  endeavor  were 
no  doubt  altruistic  enough  and  worthy  of  any 
hiunanitarian  effort,  and  we  would  not  criticise 
anyone  actuated  by  such  ideals.  But  organized 
effort  to  obtain  results  of  tliis  character  must  be 
backed  by  something  more  than  ideals;  it  must  be 
intelligently  directed  and  must  have  experience  and 
influence  to  carrj'  the  endeavor  to  successful 
fruition.  The  noticeable  lack  of  information  upon 
these  points  tends  to  show  that  those  directing  the 
affairs  of  the  association  would  seek  to  minimize 
their  responsibility  in  the  project  and  place  it  upon 
a  board  of  trustees.  Reading  between  the  lines  of 
the  Secretarj-'s  report,  one  cannot  help  but  arrive 
at  this  conclusion.  The  Druggists'  National  Home 
may  have  been  "presented  to  the  druggists  of  the 
United  States"  at  the  last  convention  of  the  Drug 
Clerks'  Association,  as  Secretary  Mandabach 
affirms,  but  it  yet  remains  for  some  one  to  discharge 
the  outstanding  obligations  against  the  Home  be- 
fore the  "present"  really  becomes  a  "gift."  The 
Era  wants  to  see  the  institution  put  upon  a  sub- 
stantial basis  and  has  conscientiously  tried  to  do 
its  share  in  pushing  this  worthy  project  to  com- 
pletion, because  it  is  a  worthy  object.  But  the 
proposition  is  greater  than  any  individual  or  set 
of  individuals  can  well  carry  forward.  It  needs 
men  who  can  and  will  devote  their  time  to  the 
work,  not  for  self-glorification,  but  for  the  real  good 
they  may  do  the  drug  trade  of  the  comitrj-. 

EFIECTIVE   WORK   AT    ALBANY. 


that  organization  held  at  Saratoga.  Of  more  than 
1500  bills  introduced  in  the  Legislature,  there  were 
at  least  30  affecting  retail  pharmacists,  quite  enough 
to  engage  the  attention  of  any  committee  for  many 
days.  It  is  creditable  to  the  committee  that  the 
bills  as  finally  placed  on  the  statute  books  are  not 
considered  to  be  inimical  to  pharmacy.  The  work 
done  on  the  Boylan  bill  showed  masterful  activity 
on  the  part  of  the  association's  representatives  at 
the  la-st  moment — practically  snatching  victory  out 
of  anticipated  defeat.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the 
omission  to  provide  an  appropriation  for  preparing 
the  necessary  offici;U  blanks  to  be  used  in  connec- 
tion with  the  sale  of  narcotics  named  in  the  laws 
was  not  anticipated,  the  one  drawback  to  what  has 
been  declared  to  be  an  admirable  piece  of  legislation. 
Persons  who  have  not  followed  legislative  mat- 
ters closely  upon  the  ground  can  have  little  idea  of 
the  trials  and  troubles  of  the  legislative  committee- 
man, the  loss  of  time  and  the  expense  of  making 
numerous  trips  to  Albany  and  the  oft-times  difficult 
task  of  trying  to  convince  the  law-makere  against 
their  will  that  a  measure  ought  either  to  be  enacted 
or  killed.  The  members  of  the  New  Tork  State 
Association  have  reason  to  feel  proud  of  the  com- 
mittee representing  them  at  the  Capitol  last  "Win- 
ter, for  it  did  effective  work  and  is  entitled  to  great 
praise. 


EXTENSION    OF    THE    GUARANTY    LEGEND. 


The  work  of  the  legislative  committee  of  the 
New  York  State  Pharmaceutical  Association  was 
admirably  summarized  in  the  report  presented  by 
President  Rehfuss  at  the  recent  annual  meeting  of 


iLvxTFACTURERS,  jobbers,  and  members  of  the 
drug  trade  generally  are  pleased  to  learn  of  the 
action  of  the  Secretaries  of  the  Treasury.  Agricul- 
ture and  Commerce  in  extending  the  time  of  the 
discontinuation  of  the  guaranty  legend  and  serial 
number  from  May  1.  1915,  to  May  1,  1916,  the 
supplementan"  decision  (F.I.D.  No.  155)  contain- 
ing the  text  of  the  order  appearing  on  another  page 
of  this  issue  of  the  Era. 

A  study  of  the  decision  discloses  the  provision 
that  on  products  packed  and  labeled  before  May  1, 
1916,  in  compliance  with  regulations  in  force  before 
May  5,  1914.  manufacturers  will  have  until  Nov.  1, 
1916,  to  dispose  of  goods  so  labeled.  This,  we 
believe,  is  a  just  recognition  by  the  authorities  of 
the  sacrifices  that  manufacturers  would  have  to 
make  in  order  to  conform  to  the  decision  which 
would  have  terminated  the  use  of  the  legend  and 
serial  number  on  labels  on  Maj-  1,  1915.  That  large 
losses  would  accrue  to  citizens  who  have  expended 
their  money  for  labels  in  good  faith  and  in  an 
effort  to  compl.v  ^n-ith  existing  regulations,  was 
self-evident,  and  the  authorities  were  wise  in  con- 
sidering this  loss  and  providing  for  reducing  it  to 
a  minimum  by  a  further  extension  of  time  before 
enforcing  the  radical  provisions  embodied  in  the 
new  regulation. 

The  Era  ^news  this  decision  with  some  satisfac- 
tion, as  it  was  one  of  the  first,  if  not  the  first 
journal  to  set  forth  the  difficulties  involved  and 
the  sacrifices  that  would  have  to  be  made  by  manu- 
facturers in  attempting  to  comply  with  the  law. 
and  that  in  justice  to  them  they  should  be  allowed 
a  sufficient  time  in  which  to  use  up  their  present 
stock  of  labels.     To  stringently  enforce  a  decision 


July,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


309 


which  differed  so  z-adically  from  that  formerly 
obtaining  and  thereby  order  the  destruction  of 
a  stock  of  labels  involving  thousands  of  dollars 
would  have  been  confiscatory  to  a  paramount 
degree,  and  more  characteristic  of  bureaucratic 
methods  than  of  a  liberal  and  enlightened  policy. 

Too  much  emphasis  cannot  be  placed  upon  the 
fact  that  the  change  in  procedure  contemplated  by 
the  new  ruling  will  necessitate  a  much  closer 
scrutiny  of  goods  on  the  part  of  jobbers  and  dealers, 
who  imder  the  new  order  of  things  will  be  com- 
(lelled  to  assure  themselves  of  the  quality  of  the 
goods  thej'  may  sell,  instead  of  simply  assuring 
themselves  that  the  labels  of  the  goods  carry  a 
guaranty  legend  and  serial  niunber. 

Another  question  that  has  been  raised  is  the  right 
of  the  manufacturer  to  continue  some  form  of  a 
liei-sonal  guaranty  on  the  label  after  the  time  the 
new  regulation  becomes  effective,  but  the  logic  of 
the  situation  would  seem  to  imply  that  this  trade 
custom,  which  is  more  or  less  followed  by  some 
manxifacturers,  will  not  be  affected,  if  the  manu- 
facturer makes  it  plain  that  the  guaranty  as  printed 
is  his  own  individual  statement  and  carries  with 
it  no  suggestion  of  Government  authorization  or 
ratification.  Most  consiuners  are  now  aware  that 
putting  the  legend  on  labels  by  manufacturers  is 
entirely  voluntary  and  that,  to  use  the  words  of 
the  authorities,  "the  Government  never  guarantees 
the  wholesomeness  or  purity  of  food  or  drug 
products." 


TRUE  COirVENTION  EFFICIENCY, 

There  is  a  movement  on  the  part  of  pharmacists 
;uid  druggists,  membei-s  of  State  and  National  asso- 
ciations, to  so  concentrate  their  programmes  that 
much  useless  vocalization  -will  be  eliminated.  From 
the  simple  gathering  of  druggists  of  a  few  decades 
ago  when  important  matters  were  considered,  acted 
upon,  and  then  the  delegates  were  left  free  to  en- 
joy a  period  of  wholesome  recreation,  the  elaborate, 
complicated  and  overlapping  programme  of  the 
average  association  today  is  a  marked  change — for 
the  worse.  There  are  too  many  annexes,  too  many 
appendages,  too  many  talk-fests.  In  the  maze  of 
diverse  interests  the  main  object  of  these  conven- 
tions— to  do  something — is  often  overshadowed  or 
made  impossible  simply  by  the  lack  of  imification 
which  cannot  but  result  when  members  of  so  many 
sections  or  branches,  each  with  its  own  work  to  do, 
attempt  to  really  accomplish  something  through  the 
main  organization. 

This  criticism  is  true  to  a  greater  or  less  degree 
of  everj-  great  National  organization.  The  political 
parties  have  simplified  the  machinery  to  an  execu- 
tive committee  and  a  largely  cut  and  dried  pro- 
gramme, which  policy  is  not  to  be  recommended  to 
any  body  of  intelligent  professional  or  business  men 
who  wish  to  accomplish  anything  themselves. 

The  druggists  are  beginning  to  see  the  economy 
of  talk  regulation.  This  year  it  has  been  an- 
nounced by  several  programme  committees  of  State 
associations  that  the  dull,  the  iminteresting,  and 
the  unimportant  would  be  eliminated  entirely  from 
the  programme  of  the   general   sessions   and  that 


executive  committees — in  the  line  of  their  duty — 
would  transact  all  the  routine  business  possible. 

There  has  been  a  sti'ong  appeal  on  behalf  of  both 
the  N.A,R,D.  and  A,Ph,A.  to  centralize  the  in- 
terest and  the  work  of  the  National  conventions  so 
that  more  will  be  accomplished,  without  the  neces- 
sity of  a  continuous  session  of  some  section  or  branch 
or  committee  from  8  a.m.  until  12  midnight  every 
convention  day.  And  this  movement  has  found  a 
growing  support.  The  whole  tendency  of  the  pres- 
ent convention  system  is  toward  elaboration — not 
concentration — not  recreation.  Many  druggists  and 
pharmacists  take  their  vacations  at  the  time  of  the 
•National  conventions — they  are  interested  in  the 
deliberations  of  the  delegates  because  directly 
affected  by  the  issues — but  when  to  participate  in 
the  deliberations  calls  for  the  expenditure  of  prac- 
tically the  entire  time  of  the  druggist  attendant 
upon  the  conventions  there  seems  to  be  at  least  a 
reasonable  basis  for  the  argument  that  more  will  be 
accomplished,  a  more  general  attendance  wiU  be 
gained,  and  a  more  enjoj-able  annual  session  will 
be  assured  if  as  much  skill  shall  be  temporarily 
exercised  in  programme  priming  as  there  has  been 
in  programme  elaboration  during  the  past  few 
vears. 


PAPERS    FOR    STATE    ASSOCIATIONS. 


As  a  means  of  imparting  information  and  creat- 
ing interest  in  the  meetings  of  the  average  pharma- 
ceutical association,  the  carefully  prepared  paper 
read  by  the  author  holds  first  place,  but  how  to  get 
a  sufficient  number  of  these  papers  to  make  a  good 
"showing"  is  the  hardest  problem  with  which  the 
members  of  the  committees  on  papers  and  queries 
have  to  deal.  Various  means  have  been  tried  to 
arouse  interest  in  this  direction,  but  not  all  the 
plans  proposed  have  been  as  productive  as  could 
be  wished. 

We  have  had  occasion  to  look  at  the  programmes 
arranged  for  various  association  meetings  +o  be 
held  this  year,  and  while,  to  paraphrase  the  agri- 
ciiltural  expert's  formula,  the  Season's  crop  looks 
favorable,  there  is  j-et  much  to  be  done  to  awaken 
interest  in  this  most  helpful  part  of  the  associa- 
tion's activities.  Papei-s  prepared  and  read  before 
any  gathering  of  pharmacists,  aside  from  their  own 
intrinsic  worth,  are  of  value  in  inducing  members 
wdth  ideas  to  break  the  ice  of  discussion  and  to  con- 
tribute their  experiences  for  the  benefit  of  their 
fellow  pharmacists.  An  active  and  interested  com- 
mittee ■whose  membership  knows  what  it  wants  and 
then  proceeds  in  a  business-like  manner  to  get  the 
members  of  the  association  interested  and  to  con- 
tribute, is  sure  to  land  something  of  value.  The 
custom  of  preparing  sets  of  subjects  for  papers  by 
such  committees,  perhaps,  has  been  the  most  suc- 
cessful of  any  of  the  schemes  that  have  been  tried, 
as  may  be  seen  from  the  results  obtained  in  Penn- 
sylvania, Missouri,  and  some  of  the  other  State 
associations.  This  custom  when  considered  in  its 
entirety,  is  something  more  than  inritation  to  pre- 
pare papers;  besides  being  suggestive,  it  instructs 
the  new  members  in  the  range  of  subjects  that  mar 
be  properly  handled  by  them  for  the  edification  of 


310 


THE  phar:maceutical  era 


[July,  1914 


those  who  attend  the  meetings.  The  nature  of  the 
subjects  that  are  likely  to  provoke  discussions  of  a 
helpful  character  are  so  numerous  that  it  is  strange 
that  progr;unme  committees  do  not  make  more  use 
of  this  time-honored  plan  of  arousing  interest  in 
their  association  meetings.  A  half-dozen  10-minute 
papers  on  live  subjects  is  more  provocative  of  dis- 
cussion of  a  genuinely  helpful  character  to  the 
average  member  of  a  State  a.ssociation  than  a  dozen 
loug-\vinded  disquisitions  on  the  relations  of  the 
pharmacist  and  physician  or  any  description  like 
that  of  the  attempt  to  decarboxylate  histidiue  by 
heat  alone. 


MEDICINAL    WINES    FROM    TINCTURES. 


Parmentier's  account  of  a  new  method  for  pre- 
parmg  medicinal  wines,  published  in  this  issue, 
differs  somewhat  from  the  preceding  articles  of  the 
•"Classical  Discoveries"  series  in  that  it  is  not  a 
discovery,  in  the  true  sense  of  the  word.  The 
author  himself  is  explicit  in  his  statements  that  the 
proposed  administration  of  medicinal  principles  of 
vegetable  drugs  by  mixing  a  tincture  with  wine  is 
no  innovation.  Nevertheless,  the  accoimt  has  been 
included  by  reason  of  the  great  importance  attach- 
ing to  the  subject  at  the  time  when  the  change  was 
suggested,  and  also  because  Parmentier's  method 
became  the  basis  of  the  procedure  now  to  be  found 
in  the  U.S. P.  From  the  fact  that  he  had  made 
such  an  extended  study  of  the  subject,  and  that  his 
discussion  was  so  detailed  and  complete,  and  ac- 
companied by  working  formulas  for  the  new  class 
of  preparations,  it  came  about  that  Parmentier  had 
the  satisfaction  of  seeing  the  new  process  adopted 
by  Governmental  officials,  and  given  a  thorough 
trial,  which  ultimately  resulted  in  the  displace- 
ment of  the  old  maceration  method  for  medicinal 
wines. 


Books  Reviewed 


THE    SIMPLER    NATURAL    BASES.      By    George    Barger     M.A., 
D  Sc ,    professor   of   chemistry    in    the   Royal    HoUoway    CoUege, 
University    of    London.     8vo.,   215    pages.     $1.80.      London,    New 
York,   Bombay  and   Calcutta.     Longmans,  Green  &   Co. 
This   is   a   recent   addition   to   the   series   of   monographs   on 
biochemistry  issued  by  these  enterprising  publishers  under  the 
editorial    supervision    of   Drs.    R.    H.    A.    Plimmer   and    F.    G. 
Hopkins,    and    as   such,    it   represents   a   successful   attempt   to 
present   the   reader   with   a   very   complete   account   of   what    is 
known    at    the    present    time    of    the    position    of    the    simpler 
natural   bases   in   the   fie'd   o'  scientific   investigation.     In   con- 
tradistinction to  the  typical  vegetable  alkaloids,  these  base?,  as 
defined  by  the  author,  have  a  simple  chemical  constitution,  and 
are  of  general  biological  interest,   either  because  of  their  wide 
distribution,   or   on   account   of   their   close   relationship   to   the 
proteins  and  phosphatides. 

Present-day  studies  tend  to  show  that  some  of  the  earlier 
conceptions  of  some  of  these  products  are  not  tenable,  and 
even  some  terms  used  to  designate  certain  bodies  are  now  no 
longer  employed.  The  term  "ptomaine,"  originally  applied  by 
Selmi  to  bases  from  corpses,  and  which  afterward  becatrie 
identical  with  putrefaction  base,  has  fallen  into  disuse,  while 
"leucoraaine,"  the  term  used  by  Gautier  for  animal  bases 
such  as  creatinine,  which  are  not  formed  by  putrefaction,  is 
now  obsolete.  Pharmacists  and  physicians  who  have  a  desire 
tu  have  the  latest  summary  on  this  most  interesting  subject 
wi;i  find  this  book  most  helpful.  The  arrangement  of  the 
various   products   into   groups   is   logical  and   will   greatly   aid 


one  in  obtaining  a  comprehensive  view  of  the  relationship  of 
these  natural  bases,  as  shown  by  the  following  outline  of  the 
several  chapter  headings:  .\mines  Derived  from  Protein; 
Amino  .\cids  and  other  Bases  containing  a  Carboxyl  Group; 
Betaines;  Choline  and  .Allied  Substances;  Creatine,  Creatinine, 
Glycocyamine,  and  Guanid  ncs;  .Adrenaline;  Bases  of  Unknown 
Constitution;  Practical  Chemical  Methods  and  Details.  The 
bibliography  appended  is  most  complete  and  indicative  of  the 
original  sources  of  information  that  have  been  consulted  in 
the  preparation  of  the  volume. 


niGF.ST  OF  COMMENTS  on  the  Pharmacopoeia  of  the  United 
States  (8th  Decennial  Revision)  and  on  the  National  Formulary 
(■l;h  Revision)  for  the  calendar  year  1912.  8vo.,  495  pages. 
Uiillclin  .\o.  93,  Hygienic  Laboratory,  Washington,  Government 
Printing  Office. 

This  is  the  eighth  bulletin  of  the  present  series,  which, 
according  to  Messrs.  Motter  and  Wilbert,  the  compilers,  rounds 
out  three  decades  of  the  systematic  compilation  of  comments 
on  the  Pharmacopoeia  as  instigated  by  the  late  Charles  Rice, 
who,  as  chairman  of  the  Committee  of  Revision  o'  the  U.S.P., 
began  compiling  notes  and  abstracts  in  1883.  The  user  who 
is  familiar  with  the  earlier  volumes  of  the  series,  will  quickly 
note  that  the  material  presented  in  this  bulletin  has  been 
"boiled  down"  to  the  lowest  form  in  order  to  save  space,  with 
the  result  that  the  bulletin  in  many  instances  is  an  elaborated 
inde,\  of  pharmacopoeia!  articles. 

Briefness  and  economy  of  space  are  two  important  factors 
that  must  be  considered  in  the  produciion  of  any  publication, 
and  a  bibliography  is  of  great  help  to  the  scientific  investigator 
who  would  quickly  ascertain  what  has  been  done  in  a  given 
field.  But  with  the  large  majority  of  pharmacists  who  have 
not  the  facilities  for  consulting  original  sources,  the  mere 
enumeration  of  a  title  and  the  nam  ng  of  an  author  leave 
much  to  be  desired  in  the  way  of  helpful  information,  and 
this  abbreviated  treatment  of  some  of  the  references  cited  in 
this  bulletin  will  prove  a  disappointment  to  those  who  are 
looking  for  a  "digest"  or  synopsis  of  what  a  given  authority 
asserts  or  has  found  in  his  work.  As  a  whole,  however,  the 
bulletin  gives  a  very  good  resume  of  the  year's  comment,  and 
with  the  exception  we  have  noted,  the  work  of  the  compilers 
is  to  be  commended. 


PHARMACEUTICAL  EDUCATION  IN  THE  DIFFERENT 
COUNTRIE.S.  By  Henry  L.  Taylor,  Ph.D.,  Albany,  N.  Y. 
8vo.,    59   pages.      Paper. 

This  reprint,  under  the  above  title,  embodies  the  result  of 
the  author's  study  in  an  attempt  to  bring  to  the  attention  of 
the  pharmaceutical  world  through  the  11th  International  Phar- 
maceutical Congress  at  The  Hague,  1913,  the  essentials  of 
pharmaceutical  education  in  the  different  countries  of  the 
civilized  world.  In  this  study  the  author  has  closely  followed 
his  endeavor  to  keep  in  mind  when  comparing  educational 
requirements  two  factors,  viz.,  the  general  education  prere- 
quisite to  entering  on  professional  study,  and  the  professional 
education  required  for  entering  on  professional  practice,  and 
he  has  summarized  his  findings  in  the  several  countries  enumer- 
ated in  alphabetic  order.  These  are  supplemented  by  five 
graphics  showing  the  French  system  of  education  as  exemplified 
in  Paris,  the  German  system  as  exemplified  in  Prussia,  a  con- 
spectus of  educational  organization  in  Scotland,  the  Swiss 
school  system  in  Zurich,  and  the  American  system  as  exempli- 
fied in  the  State  of  Xew  York.  The  frontispiece  is  a  repro- 
duction in  halftone  of  New  York's  Palace  of  Education  at 
Albany.  Viewed  in  any  Ight,  this  study  is  interesting  and 
informative,  and  the  facts  one  can  be  sure  are  authoritatively 
stated. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  WHOLESALE  DRUG- 
GISTS' ASSOCIATION,  39th  Annua!  Meeting,  Jacksonville. 
November  18  to  20.  1913.  8vo.,  1 28  pages.  Cloth.  New  York. 
Burr   Printing   House. 

This  volume  ronta'ns  a  stenographic  report  of  the  meeting 
of  the  association  which  was  he'd  in  the  Florida  city  last  year, 
as  well  as  the  full  text  of  the  various  committee  reports  on 
anti-narcotic  legis'ation.  commercial  travelers  ?nd  selling 
methods,  credits  and  coUecfons,  fire  insurance,  legislation,  pre- 
vention of  adu'teration,  increase  in  freight  rates,  and  other 
subjects  germane  to  the  jobbing  business,  all  of  which  as  here 
massed,  give  the  reader  a  far  broader  view  of  the  magnitude  and 
ramifications  of  the  wholesale  drug  trade  than  he  could  get  in 
any  other  way.  There  are  also  illustrations  of  all  of  the 
present  officers,  and  haKtone  cuts  of  the  members  of  the  asso- 


JtxY,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


311 


ciation  who  have  died  since  the  previous  meeting.  According 
to  the  report  of  Secretary  J.  E.  Toms,  under  whose  direction 
the  volume  has  been  prepared,  the  association  had  on  March  1 
of  the  present  year  262  active  and  347  associate  members,  an 
increase  of  one  active  and  IS  associate  members  since  the 
corresponding  date  last  year.  The  next  annual  meeting  will 
be  held  in  Indianapolis  during  the  week  beginning  September 
14  of  the  present  year. 


SEMI  ANNUAL  REPORT  ON  ESSENTIAL  OILS,  Synthetic  Per- 
fumes,   Etc.     April,   1914. 

This  valuable  report,  covering  148  pages,  published  by 
Schimmel  &  Co.  (Fritzsche  Brothers),  of  Miltitz,  near  Leipzig, 
Germany,  contains  a  review  of  the  commercial  results  of  the 
year  1913  in  their  relations  to  the  principal  articles  of  trade 
in  which  these  manufacturers  are  most  interested;  commercial 
notes  and  scientific  information  on  essential  oils,  chemical 
preparations  and  drugs,  and  notes — bibliographic,  analytical, 
pharmaco-physiologicai,  phyto-physiological  and  chemical — on 
recent  research  work,  etc.  There  is  also  a  very  interesting 
resume  of  the  researches  of  Dunbar  and  his  collaborators  into 
the  pathology  of  hay  fever  and  the  evolution  of  the  antito.xic 
serum  now  known  as  "pollantin."  one  of  the  Schimmel  special- 
ties. This  study  is  accompanied  by  a  full-page  illustration  in 
color  showing  the  gathering  of  the  pollen  of  goldenrod  for 
immunizing  hay  fever  horses.  The  pollen  is  co'Iected  on  blue 
paper  beneath  zinc  vessels  filled  with  water  which  contain  the 
goldenrod,  the  flowering  tops  of  the  plants  extending  over  the 
sides  of  the  vessels  and  shedding  their  pollen  on  the  paper 
beneath. 


Volume  6  (January-December,  1913)  of  "Reports  of  the 
Chemical  Laboratory,  .\.M..'\.,"  published  under  the  d'rection 
of  Prof.  W.  A.  Puckner,  secretary  of  the  Council  on  Pharmacy 
and  Chemistry  of  the  .A.M. A.  and  chief  of  the  association's 
laboratory,  contains  considerable  data  of  particular  interest  to 
pharmacists  in  regard  to  the  various  nostrums  which  have  been 
discussed  in  the  Journal  of  that  organization  during  the  past 
year.  This  material  is  assembled  under  three  heads:  Reprints 
of  Contributions ;  Reports  Abstracted  from  the  Journal,  and 
Reports  not  Previously  Published.  As  it  is  the  practice  of 
this  laboratory  to  publ'sh  along  with  the  results  also  the 
methods  of  analysis  used,  the  volume  should  be  of  great  va'ue 
to  those  who  are  engaged  in  the  chemical  examination  of  drugs 
and  chemicals.  Copies  may  be  obtained  from  the  .American 
Medical  .Association,  publishers,  53.S  North  Dearborn  street, 
Chicago,  111.,  at  25  cents  each. 


Compound  Acetic  Tincture  of  Gentian.* 


By  ALBERT  N.  DOERSCHTJK. 
President  of  the  Kansas  City  Drug  Club. 

THE  specimen  presented  herewith  is  a  compound  acetc 
tincture  of  gentian,  of  U.S. P.  drug  strength,  that  has 
stood  for  over  a  year  with  no  precipitation,  and  has  the 
following  proportion  in  each  100  parts:  Gentian  root,  10  part=; 
recent  bitter  orange  peel,  to  the  equivalent  of  four  (4)  parts 
of  dried  peel ;  cardamom,  one  part,  as  extractive  carried  in  6 
per  cent,  acetic  acid,  with  water  sufficient  to  make  10  parts 
(no  alcohol  being  present),  as  against  the  official  U.S.  P. 
tincture  of  the  same  drug  strength  in  three  parts  of  alcohol  to 
two  parts  of  water.  Here  is  also  a  small  quantity  of  the 
official  hydro-alcoholic  tincture,  containing  about  19  fl.  ounces 
of  alcohol  to  each  quart ;  a  tablespoonful  of  this  three  times  a 
day  is  equivalent  in  alcoholic  strength  to  giving  a  patient  an 
average  bar  drink  of  whiskey  three  times  a  day.  The  acetic 
acid  present  in  the  acetic  tincture  is  equivalent  in  strength  to 
that  of  U.S. P.   dilute   acetic  acid. 

.\cetic  acid  was  s'ow  to  be  recognized  as  a  solvent  for  the 
active  principles  of  organic  drugs,  but  now  the  official  fluid- 
extracts  of  sanguinaria,  squill  and  lobelia  are  entirely  made 
with  acetic  acid  dilutions,  while  nux  vomica,  ergot  and  conium 
are    extracted    with   a    hydro-acetic-alcoholic    menstruum. 

Compound  acetic  tincture  of  gentian  appeals  for  favor  by 
its  full,   mellow  and  completely  true  aroma  and   its  distinctive 


bitter  tonic  taste,  bringing  out  the  marked  characteristic  of  each 
drug  and  representing  the  root  fully,  much,  no  doubt,  as  is 
lound  in  an  extract  of  a  fresh  specimen  and  quite  in  contra- 
distinction to  the  alcoholic  smell  and  burned  taste  of  the  official 
tincture.  The  glucoside,  pectin,  and  the  gentianose  of  the 
fresh  root  undergo  oxidation  in  the  presence  of  alcohol,  and 
an  aged  alcoholic  tincture  is  practically  inert  and  worthless. 
Acetic  acid,  in  itself,  has  a  marked  food  value,  is  a  refrigerant 
tonic,  and  promotes  excretions.  As  combined  in  this  tincture, 
it  has  only  a  mild  acid  reaction,  and  develops  no  acetic  ether. 
For  all  practical  purposes  the  acid  used  in  manufacture  is 
neutralized  by  combination  with  the  organic  bases  found  in 
these  drugs,  as  it  also  combines  in  the  form  of  acetates  with 
the  valuable  organic  salts  of  calcium,  potassium,  sodium,  iron, 
etc.,  of  the  drugs  which  are  mostly  left  behind  in  the  process 
'  for  the  alcoholic  tincture. 

Compound  acetic  tincture  of  gentian  is  recommended  for 
continued  use  in  large  doses,  and  combines  nicely  in  mixtures 
with  other  drugs.  Gentian  is  a  valuable  drug,  but  it  has 
fallen  into  disuse  mainly  because  there  has  been  no  really  avail- 
able official  preparation  containing  it  since  the  abandonment 
of  the  infusion  in  general  practice.  As  acetic  acid  is  now 
produced  in  a  high  state  of  purity  at  a  nominal  cost  it  is  to  be 
hoped  that  its  medicinal  and  solvent  virtues  will  become  better 
known,  and  that  acetic  tinctures  and  extracts  will  be  brought 
into  general  use. 

Below  is  a  formula  for  the  compound  acetic  tincture  of 
gentian : 

Gentian  root,   in   fine  powder 5  tr.  ounces 

Bitter  orange  peel,   from   the  fresh   fruit, 
in    thin   shavings   and    narrow   shreds, 

cut  with  a  bright  kniie 5  tr.  ounces 

(This  is  equivalent  to  2  tr.  ounces  of  dried  peel.) 

Cardamom   seed,   recently   powdered ....    5^  tr.  ounce 

Acetic  acid,  in  distilled  water  (10%)..  50  fl.  ounces 
Place  all  the  above  in  a  bottle,  macerate  for  seven  days  in  a 
warm  place  with  frequent  shaking,  express  (avoiding  contact 
with  metal),  wash  the  residue  with  sufficient  6  per  cent,  acetic 
acid  to  make  the  finished  quantity  measure  50  fl.  ounces. 
Filter  through  coarsely  powdered  charcoal  previously  well- 
washed  with  dilute  acetic  acid.  The  10  per  cent,  acetic  acid 
originally  added  is  neutralized  to  the  extent  of  about  4  per 
cent.,  so  that  tlie  finished  product  contains  about  6  per  cent, 
of  acetic  acid. 


Milk  of  Magnesia  without  Gelatin. 


By   H.   L.    TILLY,    R.P.,    Memphis,   Tenn. 

Magnesium  sulphate 350  gm. 

Sodium  hydroxide 119  gm. 

Distilled  water,  enough  to  make 1000  cc. 

Dissolve  the  magnesium  sulphate  in 
400  cc.  of  distilled  water  and  filter  the 
solution  through  paper.  Dissolve  the 
sodium  hydroxide  in  400  cc.  of  distilled 
water;  take  of  this  solution  400  cc.  and 
heat  to  boiling;  to  the  hot  solution  add 
100  cc.  of  the  solution  of  magnesium 
sulphate  and  heat  the  mixture  for  lH 
minutes  more;  then  add  the  remainder 
of  the  solution  of  magnesium  sulphate 
Dilute  the  resulting  mixture  to  3000  cc. 
and  allow  the  magma  to  settle  to  the 
1000  mark.  Wash  the  magma  with 
water  until  it  gives  but  a  slight  turbidity 
with    barium    chloride    test    solution. 

(This    formula,    contributed    by    Mr. 
Tilly,  is  a  modification  of  that  proposed 
by  S.  L.  Hilton,  of  Washington,  D.   C, 
some    years    ago,    and    so    far    as    we    can    discover,    the 
difference  is  in  the  omiss'on  of  gelatin  from  the  formula 
a  variation  in  the  method  of  procedure. — Ed.) 


H.   L.   Tilly 


only 
and 


*.4   paper  read  before  the  Kansas  City  Drug  Club,  which  is 
the  successor  to  the  Kansas  City  R.D.A. 


University  Rub  for  Athletes. 

Methyl   salicylate    1  cc. 

Spirit   of  camphor 20  cc. 

E.xtract  of  witch  hazel 25  cc. 

Alcohol    50  CO. 


312  THE    PHAR.AL\CEUTICAL    ERA  iJuly,  191i 

Changes  in  the  New  Pharmacopoeia — Fourth  Instalment  —  Standards  for  Drugs.* 


Condensed  aintrcct  of  Proposed  Definitions  and  Standards 
Relating  .",-  "-  "  •  Vegetable  and  Animai  Origin  submitted 
by  the  C^  Revision  for  incorporation  into  the  next 

edition  o;  zcopoeia. 

(Continued  from  page  262  June  Era.) 

OPIUM — Obtained  from  Papaver  somnifenim  Linne  and  its 
varietj-  album  De  Candolle  (Fam.  Papaveracese )  with  not 
more  than  5  per  cent,  of  the  capsules  and  leaves  of  the  poppy 
plant.  Rumex  fruits,  and  other  foreign  matter.  In  more  or  less 
rounded,  mostly  somewhat  flattened  masses  of  variable  size, 
but  usually  about  S  to  15  cm.  in  diameter;  cxtemally  grayish- 
brown,  covered  with  fragments  of  poppy  leaves  and  with  some  . 
fruits  of  a  species  of  Rumtt,  adhering  from  packing;  more  or 
less  plastic  when  fresh,  becoming  hard  and  brittle  on  keeping; 
internally  dark  brown  interspersed  with  lighter  areas,  some- 
what lustrous;  odor  characteristic,  narcotic;  taste  bitter,  char- 
acteristic. 

Pepo — Defined  as  the  "dried"  seeds  of  cultivated  \-arieties 
of  Cucurbita  Pepo  Liiuie  (Fam.  Cucurbitaceae),  with  not  more 
than  5  per  cent,  of  other  harmless  seeds.  Broadly  elliptical 
or  ovate,  15  to  23  mm.  in  length  and  2  to  3  mm.  in  thickness; 
externally  yellowish-white,  ver)-  smooth,  occasionally  with  thin, 
transparent  fragments  of  adhering  pulp,  and  with  a  shallow 
groove  parallel  to  and  within  1  mm.  of  the  margin ;  fracture 
short,  seed  coat  consisting  of  a  white  coriaceous  outer  layer 
and  a  membranous  inner  layer  occasionally  of  a  dark  green 
color;  embryo  whitish,  straight,  with  a  small  conical  hypo- 
fotyl  and  two  plano-convex  cotyledons;  slightly  odorous  when 
contused;  taste  bland  and  oily.  Characteristics  under  the 
microscope  are  given. 

Petroseiini  Fructus — The  dried  ripe  fruits  of  Petroselinum 
satixTim  Hoffmann  (Fam.  Umbellif erze ) ,  with  not  more  than 
5  per  cent,  of  foreign  seeds  and  other  vegetable  matter.  Meri- 
carps  usually  separated,  ovoid  crescent  shaped,  2  to  3  mm.  in 
length,  1  mm.  in  diameter;  externally  grayish-brown  becoming 
grayish  or  brownish  on  aging,  having  5  yellowish,  filiform, 
prominent  ribs,  alternating  with  the  coarsely  roughened  fur- 
rows; in  transverse  section  nearly  hemispherical,  the  commis- 
sural surface  with  2  vittje,  or  oil-tubes,  the  dorsal  surface 
usually  with  a  single  \"itta,  occasionally  2  vitts,  in  the  grooves 
between  the  primary  ribs;  endosperm  large,  oily,  enclosing  a 
small  embryo:  odor  and  taste  characteristic  and  distinctly 
aromatic,  especially  when  bruised.  Appearance  of  sections 
under  the  microscope  described.  Powder:  Grayish-brown, 
mostly  of  large,  irregular  fragments;  cells  of  endosperm  w^ith 
aleurone  grains,  each  tisually  containing  a  rosette  aggregate  of 
calcium  oxalate,  0.003  to  0.007  mm.  in  diameter;  fragments  with 
light  yellow  vittae  and  the  yellowish-brown  cells  of  the  pericarp; 
fragments  with  narrow  trachea  and  more  or  less  lignified 
sclerenchymatous  fibres. 

Physostigma — Defined  as  the  "dried"  seeds.  Oblong  or 
ellipsoidal,  somewhat  compressed  reniform,  15  to  30  cm.  in 
length,  10  to  15  mm.  in  thickness;  externally  reddish  or 
chocolate  brown,  smooth,  somewhat  wrinkled  near  the  brown- 
ish-black groove,  the  latter  being  2  mm.  in  width  and  e.xtending 
almost  the  entire  length  of  the  convex  edge  and  in  which  is 
found  frequently  the  remains  of  the  white  membranous 
funiculus,  the  margins  of  the  seed  coat  on  both  sides  of  the 
groove  somewhat  elevated,  of  a  yellowish-red  or  brownish-red 
color  and  somewhat  thickened;  embryo  large,  white,  with 
short  hypocotyl  and  two  concave-convex  cotyledons;  taste  at 
first  starchy,  afterwards  acrid.  Powder  described.  Ash  not 
exceeding,  3  per  cent. 

Pilocarpus — The  dried  leaflets  of  Pilocarpus  Jaborandi 
Holmes,  in  commerce  known  as  Pemambuco  Jaborandi,  or  of 
Pilocarpus  microphyllus,  Stapf,  known  in  commerce  as  Maran- 
ham  Jaborandi,  (Fam.  Rutaceae),  with  not  more  than  5  per 
cent,  of  the  rachis  (stalks)  bearing  the  leaflets  and  stems  of 
the  same  plant.  Pemambuco  jaborandi:  Leaflets  when  entire, 
oval,  oblong,  or  elliptical,  4  to  10.5  cm.  in  length  and  2  to  4 
cm.  in  breadth  and  with  short,  stout  petiolules;  summits  more 
or  less  rounded  or  acute  and  emarginate;  bases  rounded  or 
acute  and  mostly  unequal;  margins,  entire  and  narrowly 
revolute;   very  smooth,  diiiiy,   coriaceous  and  glandular-punc- 


"Ptrmission  to  use  granted  by  the  Chairman  of  the  B»ard  of 
Trustees,  United  States  Pharmacopoeia^  Convention. 


tate ;  upper  surface  grayish  to  brownish-green,  mid-ribs  mostly 
depressed,  under  surfaces  yellowish-  or  greenish-brown  and 
slightly  pubescent  on  the  prominent  midvein ;  peculiarly  aro- 
matic when  crushed;  taste  bitterish,  becoming  somewhat  pun- 
gent and  having  a  sialagogue  effect.  Maranham  jaborandi. — 
Leaflets  rhomboidally  oval  to  obovate  or  elliptical,  1.5  to  5  cm. 
in  length  and  1  to  3  cm.  in  breadth,  the  lateral  ones  nearly 
sessile,  the  terminal  ones  on  margined  petiolules,  0.5  to  1.5 
cm.  in  length;  of  a  nearly  uniform  grayish  or  yellowish-green 
color,  rather  thin  but  otherwise  resembling  Pemambuco 
jaborandi.  Microscopical  characteristics  are  given.  Ash  not 
exceeding  7  per  cent. 

Piper — It  may  include  not  more  than  2  per  cent,  of  stems 
and  foreign  matter.  Nearly  globular,  3.5  to  6  mm.  in  diameter, 
epicarp  very  thin,  easily  separable  from  the  sarcocarp;  ex- 
ternally blackish-brown  or  grayish-black,  coarsely  reticulate; 
1-locular,  1-seeded;  seed  whitish,  hollow,  adhering  to  the  peri- 
carp; odor  aromatic,  slightly  emp>Teumatic ;  taste  aromatic 
and  very  pvingent.  Powder  microscopically  described.  Non- 
volatile ether  e.xtract,  not  less  than  6  per  cent.;  starch,  not 
less  than  25  per  cent.  Ash  not  exceeding  7  per  cent.  Ash 
insoluble  in  diluted  hydrochloric  acid,  not  exceeding  2  per  cent. 

Podophyllum — Defined  as  the  "dried  rhizome  and  roots." 
Podophyllum  should  yield,  by  the  method  given  under  Resina 
Podophylli,  not  less  than  3  per  cent,  of  resin  which  should 
conform  to  the  requirements  and  tests  for  Resin  of  podophyl- 
lum. Horizontal,  nearly  cylindrical,  jointed,  compressed  on  the 
upper  and  lower  surfaces,  sometimes  branched;  in  pieces  from 
3  to  20  cm.  in  length,  the  intemodes  2  to  9  mm.  in  diameter; 
externally  dark  brown,  longitudinally  wrinkled  or  nearly 
smooth  with  irregular,  somewhat  \'-shaped  scars  of  scale  leaves, 
nodes  annulate,  upper  portion  marked  with  large,  circular, 
depressed  stem-scars  and  sometimes  with  buds  or  stem-bases; 
at  or  near  the  nodes  on  the  lower  portion,  occur  numerous 
root-scars  or  roots  from  2  to  7  cm.  in  length  and  about  2  mm. 
in  thickness;  fracture  short;  internally,  bark  light  brown, 
wood  with  small,  yellowish,  vascular  bundles,  pith  large  and 
white;  odor  slight;  taste  sweetish,  disagreeably  bitter  and 
acrid.  Microscppical  characteristics  of  whole  drug  and  in 
powder  are  given. 

Prunus  Virginiana — To  consist  of  the  "stem-bark."  Usually 
in  transversely  cur\-ed  pieces  from  2.5  to  8  cm.  in  length  and 
0.5  to  4  mm.  in  thickness;  outer  surfaces  light  brown  or 
greenish-brown,  smooth,  except  for  numerous  lenticels  from 
3  to  4  mm.  in  length;  inner  sturfaces  light  brown,  longitudinally 
striate  and  occasionally  fissured;  fracture  short,  granular;  odor 
distinct,  bitter-ahnond-like,  when  macerated  in  water;  taste 
astringent,  aromatic,  and  agreeably  bitter.  Microscopical  char- 
acteristics of  both  whole  and  powdered  bark  are  given. 

Pyrethrum — Defined  as  the  "dried"  root.  Nearly  cylindrical, 
slightly  tapering,  usually  in  pieces,  2.5  to  10  cm.  in  length, 
5  to  20  mm.  in  diameter;  externally  dark  brown,  deeply  longi- 
tudinally furrowed  and  somewhat  wrinkled,  occasionally  bearing 
short,  tough,  hair-like  rootlets,  crown  more  or  less  annulate 
and  occasionally  tufted  with  coarse  fibres  or  with  long,  soft- 
woolly  nearly  straight,  1-celled  hairs;  fractiure  short;  bark 
dark  brown  with  1  or  2  circular  rows  of  resin  ducts,  closely 
adhering  to  the  light  yellow,  radiate,  porous  wood,  in  the 
medullary  rays  of  which  occur  1  to  3  rows  of  resin  ducts;  odor 
distinct;  taste  sweetish,  pungent,  very  acrid,  tingling  and  pro- 
ducing a  strong  sialagogue  effect.  Microscopical  characteristics 
of  the  powder  are  given.    Ash  not  exceeding  5  per  cent. 

Quassia — Jamaica  Quassia:  Usually  in  chips,  raspings  or 
shavings,  occasionally  in  billets;  yellowish-white  or  bright  yel- 
low, with  a  few  light  gray  pieces  somewhat  coarsely  grained: 
fracture  tough,  fibrous;  odor  slight;  taste  bitter.  Surinam 
Quassia:  The  crude  drug  and  microscopic  sections  closely  re- 
semble the  Jamaica  variety;  tracheae  usually  single  or  in  pairs, 
sometimes  in  groups  of  3  or  4;  medullary  rays  in  narrower 
and  larger  groups  than  in  the  Jamaica  variety,  from  1  to  4 
cells  wide  and  from  10  to  30  rows  deep;  calcium  oxalate  crys- 
tals few  or  entirely  wanting  and  distinguishing  this  variety 
from   Jamaica  quassia. 

Rhamnus  Purshiana — The  dried  bark  of  the  trunk  and 
branches  of  Rhamnus  Purshiana  De  CandoUe  (Fam.  Rham- 
naceae).  Usually  in  flattened  or  transversely  curved  pieces, 
occasionally   in   quills,    bark    1    to   5    mm.    in   thickn«ss;    outer 


JtxY,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


313 


surface  dark  brown  or  brownish-red,  longitud  nally  ridged, 
often  nearly  covered  with  grayish  or  whitish  lichens,  bearing 
small  blackish  apothecia,  sometimes  with  numerous  lenticels; 
and  occasionally  with  mosses;  inner  surface  light  yello%v,  light 
brown,  or  reddish-brown,  longitudinally  striate,  turning  red 
when  moistened  with  solutions  of  the  alkalies;  fracture  short, 
with  projections  of  bast-fibres  in  the  inner  bark ;  in  cross 
section  inner  bark  shows  diagonal  or  cuned  medullary  rays, 
forming  converging  groups,  the  outer  bark  showing  yellowish 
groups  of  stone  cells  which  are  especially  apparent  on  moisten- 
ing the  freshly  cut  surface  with  phloroglucinol  T.S.  and  hydro- 
chloric acid;  odor  distinct;  taste  disagreeable,  bitter,  slightly 
acrid.  Microscopical  characteristics  are  given.  Powder  micro- 
scopically described.     Ash   not   exceeding  S   per   cent. 

Rheum — In  subcylindrical,  barrel-shaped,  conical  pieces 
known  in  commerce  as  "rovmds,"  or  in  plano-convex  pieces 
known  in  commerce  as  "flats"  or  irregular  pieces,  frequently 
with  a  perforation ;  hard  and  moderately  heavy ;  attaining  a 
length  of  17  cm.  and  a  diameter  of  10  cm.,  or  cut  in  pieces 
of  variab'e  form  and  size ;  outer  surface  yellowish-brown, 
mottled,  with  alternating,  longitudinal  stria:  of  grayish-white 
parenchyma  and  reddish  or  brownish  medullary  rays,  small 
stellate  groups  of  fibro-vascular  tissue  and  occasionally  red- 
dish-brown cork  patches,  smooth  and  sometimes  covered  with 
a  bright,  brownish-yel  ow  powder;  fracture  uneven  and  granu- 
lar, presenting  a  characteristic,  mottled  appearance;  odor 
aromatic,  characteristic ;  taste  slightly  bitter,  astringent :  gritty 
when  chewed,  tingeing  the  saliva  yellow.  Microscopical  char- 
acteristics are  given.  Diluted  alcohol  extractive,  not  less  than 
30  per  cent.     Ash  not  e.xceeding   13  per  cent. 

Sabal — The  partially  dried,  ripe  fruits  of  Serenoi  serrulata 
(Roemer  and  Shultes)  Hooker  filius  (Fam.  Palma;).  Ellip- 
soidal or  ovoid,  occasionally  compressed,  1.5  to  3  cm.  in 
length,  1  to  1.5  cm.  in  diameter;  externally  brownish-black  to 
bluish-b'ack,  smooth  and  somewhat  oily,  with  a  few  large, 
somewhat  angular  depressions  due  to  the  contraction  of  the 
iimer  layer  on  drying,  summit  marked  by  scar  of  style,  and 
bise  either  with  a  short  stalk  or  stem-scar;  epicarp  and 
sarcocarp  together  forming  a  thin  coriaceous  shell  enclosing  a 
hard  but  thin  endocarp  which  is  externally  reddish-brown  and 
somewhat  fibrous  as  is  also  the  inner  layer  o'  the  sarcocarp ; 
inner  layer  of  endocarp  smooth,  enclosing  a  hard  ellipsoidal 
or  ovoid,  somewhat  flattened,  reddish-brown  seed ;  odor  pro- 
nounced,   aromatic;    taste    sweetish,    aromatic,    slightly    acrid. 

Satiguinaria — The  dried  rhizome  "and  roots"  of  Sanguinaria 
canadensis  "collected  after  the  death  of  the  foliage"  is  omitted. 
Of  horizontal  growth,  occasionally  branching,  more  or  less 
cylindrical,  somewhat  flattened,  from  2  to  7  cm.  in  length,  and 
from  5  to  15  mm.  in  diameter;  externally  dark  brown,  slightly 
annulate,  with  a  few  stem  scars  on  the  upper  surface  and 
numerous  more  or  less  broken  filiform  roots  and  root-scars 
on  the  lower  surface ;  fracture  short  and  somewhat  wa.xy, 
brownish-red,  occasionally  yellowish-white,  with  numerous, 
small,  circular,  yellowish  fibro-vascular  bundles  within  about 
1  mm.  of  the  epidermis,  pith  very  large;  odor  slight;  taste 
persistently  acrid  and  bitter.  Microscopical  characteristics  are 
given. 

Santalum  Rubruni — Usually  in  the  form  of  a  coarse  powder, 
of  a  brownish-red  or  dark  saffron  color  and  nearly  inodorous 
and  tasteless.  Add  0.500  gm.  of  red  satmders  to  10  cc.  of 
alcohol;  the  solution  should  become  distinctly  red.  Add  0.500 
gm.  of  red  saunders  to  10  cc.  of  ether;  the  solution  should 
assimae  an  orange-yellow  color  and  when  held  in  a  bright  light 
should  show  a  distinct,  greenish  fluorescence.  Add  0.005  gm. 
of  red  satmders  to  10  cc.  of  water;  the  solution  should  remain 
clear  and  colorless.    Ash  not  e,xceeding  3  per  cent. 

Sarsaparilla — The  dried  root  of  Smila.x  medica  Chamisso  and 
Schlechtendal,  known  in  commerce  as  Mexican  sarsaparilla; 
or  Smilax  officinalis  Kunth,  or  an  undetermined  species  of 
Smilax,  known  in  commerce  as  Honduras  sarsaparilla;  or 
Smilax  papyracea  Duhamel,  known  in  commerce  as  para  sar- 
saparilla; or  Smilax  ornata  Hooker  filius  known  in  commerce 
as  Jamaica  sarsaparilla  (Fam.  Liliaceae).  Mexican  sarsapa- 
rilla :  In  loose  bundles,  or  pressed  into  bales,  single  bundles 
attaining  a  length  of  60  cm.  and  composed  of  20  to  35  folded 
roots  attached  to  a  crown  with  one  or  more  stout  stems;  roots 
3.5  to  6  mm.  in  diameter;  externally  grayish-brown  to  dark 
brown,  minutely  hairy,  longitudinally  furrowed,  the  furrows 
containing  more  or  less  of  a  blackish  earth ;  fracture  tough, 
fibrous ;  internally  light  brown  with  a  more  or  less  shrunken, 
mealy  or  sometimes  homy  cortex  surrounding  llie  porous  cen- 


tral cylinder,  pith  distinct;  nearly  inodorous;  taste  mucilageous, 
somewhat  sweetish  and  acrid.  The  woody,  knotty  crown  with 
portions  of  the  overground  stems  should  be  removed  Honduras 
sarsaparilla:  In  more  or  less  compact,  cylindrical  bimdles, 
attaining  a  length  of  55  cm.  and  a  diameter  from  S  to  15  cm,, 
cons  sting  of  the  long,  folded  roots  bound  together  by  roots 
of  the  same  plant;  roots  2  to  6  mm.  in  diameter;  externally 
dark  or  reddish-brown,  longitudinally  furrowed,  the  furrows 
usually  free  from  soii ;  fracture  fibrous ;  internally  consisting 
of  a  grayish-white  or  dark  brown  <:orte.\,  a  light  yellow  and 
porous  central  cylinder  and  a  whitish  pith;  taste  mucilaginous 
and  slightly  acrid.  Para  sarsaparilla :  In  very  compact, 
cylindrical  bundles,  attaining  a  length  of  1  m.  and  a  diameter 
of  20  cm.,  closely  bound  with  the  stem  of  a  vine  and  with  the 
ends  evenly  trimmed;  the  roots  otherwise  resembling  those  of 
Honduras  sarsaparilla.  Jamaica  sarsaparilla:  In  more  or  less 
compact  and  somewhat  flattened  bundles,  30  to  45  cm.  in 
length,  10  to  15  cm.  in  width,  consisting  of  the  folded  roots 
loosely  bound  with  roots  of  tlie  same  plant ;  roots  2  to  5  mm. 
in  diameter;  e.xternally  grayish-brown  to  reddish-brown,  longi- 
tudinally wrinkled,  more  or  less  furrowed  and  bearing  numerous 
coarse    fibrous    rootlets;    taste    slightly    sweetish    and    bitterish. 

Sassafras — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  2  per  cent, 
of  adhering  wood.  In  irregularly  transversely  curved  or  quilled 
pieces,  1  to  15  cm.  in  length,  1  to  4  mm.  in  thickness;  outer 
surface  orange-brown,  nearly  smooth  and  marked  with  more  or 
less  irregular  ridges;  iimer  surface  light  to  dark,  reddish- 
brown,  obscurely  short -striate ;  fracture  short  with  a  thin, 
reddish-brown,  corky  layer  and  a  yellowish-white  inner  bark; 
odor  aromatic ;  taste  slightly  mucilaginous,  astringent,  aromatic 
and  somewhat  pungent.  Microscopical  characteristics  are 
given.    Ash  not  exceeding  30  per  cent. 

Scammoniae  Radix — The  dried  root  of  Convolvulus  Scam- 
monla,  Linne  (Fam.  Convolvulaceae),  yielding  when  assayed 
by  the  official  process,  not  less  than  S  per  cent,  of  total 
resins  of  scammony  root.  Cylindrical  or  somewhat  tapering, 
from  10  to  25  cm.  in  length,  1  to  4.5  cm.  in  thickness;  ex- 
ternally grayish  to  reddish-brown;  usually  distinctly  twisted, 
deeply  longitudinally  furrowed,  marked  by  distinct  root  scars, 
otherwise  nearly  smooth  except  for  the  lenticels  and  abraded 
cork,  the  upper  portion  terminated  usually  by  a  number  of 
sliort  stem  branches;  hard  and  heavy;  fracture  tough,  irregular 
with  projecting  wood-fibres;  internally  somewhat  mottled  show- 
ing yellowish,  porous  wood-wedges  separated  by  whitish  paren- 
chyma containing  starch  and  resin ;  bark  thin ;  odor  slight, 
resembling  that  of  jalap;  taste  very  slightly  sweet  becoming 
slightly  acrid. 

Scilla — The  fleshy,  inner  scales  of  the  bulb  of  the  white 
variety  of  Urginea  maritima  Linne  Baker  (Fam.  Lilaceas)  cut 
into  pieces  and  carefully  dried.  In  irregular,  more  or  less 
curved,  somewhat  flattened  and  translucent  pieces,  0.5  to  5  cm. 
in  length,  yellowish- white,  nearly  smooth  and  shiny  with  slight 
projections  of  fibro-vsscular  bundles,  brittle  when  dry  and 
somewhat  flexible  when  damp ;  odor  slight ;  taste  bitter  and 
acrid.    Ash  not  e-xceeding  S  per  cent. 

Senega — The  roots  may  include  not  more  than  5  per  cent. , 
of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Usually  in  broken  pieces, 
when  entire,  slenderly  conical,  more  or  less  tortuous,  some- 
what branched,  3  to  15  cm.  in  length  and  2  to  10  mm.  in 
thickness  and  bearing  a  few  rootlets;  crown  knotty  with 
numerous  buds  and  short  stem-bases;  e.xtemally  brownish- 
yellow,  the  crown  rose-tinted,  longitudinally  wrinkled,  fre- 
quently marked  by  a  keel ;  fracture  short,  wood  pale  yellow, 
usually  eccentrically  developed,  odor  peculiar,  penetrating, 
taste  sweetish,  afterwards  acrid.    Ash  not  e-xceeding  5  per  cent. 

Senna — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  10  per  cent, 
of  stem  tissues,  pods,  seeds,  and  other  impurities.  Alexandria 
Senna :  Usually  entire,  sometimes  more  or  less  broken,  leaflets 
inequilaterally  lanceolate  or  lance-ovate,  from  2  to  3.5  cm.  in 
length,  from  6  to  10  mm.  in  breadth,  having  extremely  short, 
stout  petiolules;  acutely  cuspidate,  entire,  subcoriaceous  brittle, 
pale  green  or  grayish-green,  sparsely  and  obscurely  hairy, 
especially  beneath,  the  hairs  appressed;  odor  characteristic; 
taste  somewhat  mucilaginous  and  bitterish.  Pods  few,  broadly 
elliptical,  somewhat  reniform,  dark  green,  thin  and  mem- 
braneous. India  senna :  Leaflets  usually  entire,  from  2  to  5 
cm.  in  length,  and  from  6  to  14  mm.  in  breadth,  usually  more 
abruptly  pointed  than  those  of  .\le.xandria  senna,  yellowish- 
gieen  and  smooth  above,  paler  beneath;  in  odor  and  taste 
closely  resembling  .Alexandria  senna.  Pods  few,  elliptical, 
more  or   less  reniform   and   from  4   to  5  cm.   in   length.     Mi.x 


314 


THE    PllAK.MACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


0.5  gni.  of  powdered  senna  with  10  cc.  of  a  solution  of  potas- 
sium hydroxide-  in  alcohol  (1  in  10),  boil  the  mixture  for 
about  2  minutes,  dilute  it  with  10  cc.  of  water  and  filter. 
Then  acidify  the  filtrate  with  hydrochloric  acid,  shake  it  with 
ether;  remove  the  ethereal  layer  and  shake  it  with  5  cc.  of 
ammonia  water;  the  latter  should  be  colored  yellowish-red. 
Ash  not  exceeding  12  per  cent.  Ash  insoluble  in  hydrochloric 
acid  not  exceeding  o  per  cent. 

Serpentaria — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  10  per 
cent,  of  the  stems.  Rhizome  oblique,  subcylindrical,  more  or 
less  curved,  from  10  to  30  mm.  in  length  and  from  1  to  2  mm. 
in  diameter;  externally  dark  brown,  upper  portion  with  short 
short;    internally  yellowish-white,   wood   with   broad,    eccentric 


stem-bases,  from  lower  and  lateral  portions,  and  numerous, 
long,  thin,  nearly  straight,  yellowish-brown  roots;  fracture 
wedges;   odor  tcrebinthinate;   taste   bitter,   aromatic. 

Sinapis  Alba — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  5  per 
cent,  of  other  harmless  seeds  and  other  foreign  matter.  Sub- 
gl  bular,  from  1.5  to  2.5  mm.  in  diameter;  testa  yellowish, 
nearly  smooth;  embryo  yellowish,  oily,  with  2  large  cotyledons; 
inodorous,  taste  mildly  pungent,  acrid.  Powder  microscopically 
described.  White  mustard  does  not  yield  allyl  isothiocyanate 
upon  distillation  with  steam  (distinction  from  black  mustard). 
Starch  not  exceeding  2.5  per  cent.  Starch  test  of  U.S. P.  VIII 
omitted.     Ash  not  exceeding  9  per  cent. 

{Concluded  in  August  Era.) 


"  Preparation  and  Analysis  of  Vleminckx's  Solution",!*)  />y  Dr.  Joseph  L.  Mayer. 


"A 


SHORT  time  ago  two  samples  of  \'leminckx's  solu- 
tion weic  submitted  to  me  with  a  request  that  in 
view  of  the  fact  that  the  color  of  one  sample  was 
markedly  different  from  the  other,  analyses  be  made  to  ascertain 
if  they  were  properly  prepared. 

"Since  the  National  Formulary  only  contains  a  formula  for 
the  preparation,  and  various  pharmaceutical  authorities  con- 
sulted made  no  reference  to  a  standard,  it  was  necessary  to 
make  samples  in  an  effort  to  determine  how  the  solution  should 
be  prepared  and  what  should  be  the  strength  of  the  finished 
product.      The    following   work   was   therefore   undertaken. 

"Referring  to  page  81,  3d  edition  of  the  National  Formulary, 
we  found  that  'Liquor  Calcis  Sulphurate' — 'Vleminckx's  Solu- 
tion' was  directed  to  be  prepared  as  follows: 

"Lime,   freshly   slaked 165  grammes 

"Sublimed    sulphur    250  grammes 

"Water,  a  sufficient  quantity  to  make.. 1000  grammes 

"Mix  the  slaked  lime  with  the  sulphur,  and  add  the  mix- 
ture gradually  to  1750  cc.  of  boiling  water.  Then  boil  the 
whole,  under  constant  stirring,  until  it  is  reduced  to  1000 
grammes,  strain,  and  having  allow-ed  the  solution  to  become 
clear  by  standing  in  a  well-stoppered  bottle,  decant  the  clear 
brown  liquid,  and  keep  it  in  completely  filled  and  well- 
stoppered  bottles. 

"We  accordingly  made  up  one-tenth  of  this  formula  by  taring 
a  600  cc.  porcelain  evaporating  dish,  adding  175  cc.  of  water, 
heating  to  boiling  and  then  slowly  adding  the  mixture  of 
freshly  slaked  lime  and  sulphur,  constantly  stirring  while 
heating  until  the  weight  was  reduced  to  100  grammes.  The 
material  was  then  decanted  into  a  4-oz.  cork-stoppered  bottle, 
allowed  to  stand  until  the  next  day,  filtered  and  assayed  for 
total  sulphur  by  the  following  method : 

"Measure  10  cc.  of  the  clear  sample  in  a  lOO-c.c.  measuring 
flask  and  fill  to  the  mark,  .'\nalyze  10  cc.  aliquots  of  this 
solution.  Treat  with  3  ex.  of  saturated  solution  potassium 
hydroxide  or  sodium  hydroxide  solution,  following  by  50  cc 
hydrogen  peroxide  free  from  sulphates.  Heat  on  the  steam 
bath  for  one-half  hour  exactly  and  then  acidify  with  hychro- 
chloric  acid,  precipitate  with  barium  chloride  in  the  usual  way 
in  boiling  solution,   and  finally  weigh  as  barium  sulphate. 

"Of  course,  muhiplying  the  weight  of  barium  sulphate  by  the 
proper  factor  gives  the  quantity  of  sulphur  and  this  multi- 
plied by   100  gives  the   percentage. 

"We  ran  blanks  on  the  reagents  and  determined  the  quantity 
of  sulphate  present  which  was  then  deducted  from  the  sulphate 
found  in  the  actual  analysis. 

"This  is  Avery's  method,  which  is  recommended  by  the 
Association  of  Official  Agricultural  Chemists  for  the  analysis 
of  lime-sulphur  dips  and  lime-sulphur-salt  mi.xture  (U.S. 
Dept.  .\gr.  Bureau  of  Chemistry.  Bui.  107  rev.  page  34). 
It  is  an  extremely  accurate  and  simple  method  and  one  which 
in  our  hands  yielded  remarkably  c'ose  duplicates. 

"We  also  analyzed  the  sample  for  total  sulphur  in  solution, 
raonosulphur  equivalent,  thiosulphate  sulphur,  sulphate  and 
sulphite  sulphur,  total  sulphite  sulphur  and  total  lime 
(CaO)  in  solution,  following  the  method  in  U.S.  Dept.  Agr. 
Bureau  of  Chemistry,  Bui.  162,  prge  29,  but  seeing  no  advan- 
tage in  its  use  over  the  Avery  method,  we  employed  the  latter 


*A   paper  read  before  the  Kings  County  Ph.A. 


in  all  our  analyses  and  simply  determined  the  total  sulphur  of 
which  the  above  sample  showed  the  presence  of  10.838  grammes 
in   100  cc  of  solution. 

".\notlier  100-gramme  lot  made  up  in  the  same  manner  con- 
tained  14.581   grammes  of  tot.il  sulphur  in   100  cc  of  solution. 

"This  great  variation  in  results  indicated  difficulty  in  prop- 
erly preparing  the  solution.  We  therefore  referred  to  the 
directions  in  the  N.F.  and  found  that  it  was  there  directed  to 
add  the  lime  and  sulphur  mixture  'gradually  to  1750  cc  of 
boiling  water.  Then  boil  the  whole  under  constant  stirring 
until  it  is  reduced  to  1000  grammes' ;  this  procedure  differs 
from  mine  in  that  it  directs  the  water  to  be  heated  to  boiling, 
the  mixture  of  lime  and  sulphur  added  and  the  whole  boiled 
under  constant  stirring  until  the  weight  is  reduced  to  1000 
grammes. 

"Another  100-gramme  lot  was  then  made  by  strictly  adhering 
to  the.se  directions  and  when  assayed  showed  the  presence  of 
4.448  grammes  of  total  sulphur  in   100  cc.  solution. 

"My  original  reading  of  the  process  was  as  above  noted,  to 
heat  the  water  to  boiling  and  then  while  the  water  was  still 
on  the  fire  to  gradually  add  the  lime  and  sulphur  under  con- 
stant stirring  and  boiling  until  the  proper  weight  was  produced, 
whereas  the  last  product  was  made  by  strictly  following  the 
N.F.  by  heating  the  water  to  boiling,  taking  it  off  the  fire, 
stirring  all  the  lime  and  sulphur  in,  putting  the  mixture  back 
on  the  fire,  stirring  and  heating  until  the  proper  weight  was 
attained, 

"The  above  figures  clearly  indicated  that  the  wording  of 
the  directions  for  manipulation  employed  by  the  N .  F.  was 
faulty,  therefore  another  batch  of  100  grammes,  employing  the 
official  quantities,  was  made  by  taring  a  250  cc  Erlenmeyer 
flask,  adding  175  cc.  of  water,  heating  on  the  hot  plate  until 
boiling,  and  then  adding  the  lime  and  sulphur  previously  mixed 
and  boiling  on  the  hot  plate  without  stirring  or  further  atten- 
tion until  the  weight  was  reduced  to  100  grammes;  this  mix- 
ture was  then  transferred  to  a  4-oz.  cork-stoppered  bottle, 
allowed  to  stand  until  the  next  day,  when  it  was  filtered  and 
assayed.  The  solution  contained  29.162  grammes  of  total  sul- 
phur in  100  cc 

"Another  lot  made  by  the  same  method  contained  29.593 
grammes  of  total  sulphur  in  100  cc.  solution.  These  figures 
indicate  that  if  the  solution  is  prepared  in  a  flask  the  product 
will  practically  be  of  uniform  strength. 

"It  is  true  the  N.F.  does  not  state  whether  a  flask  or 
evaporating  dish  should  be  employed.  The  failure  to  specifically 
state  that  a  flask  or  similar  vessel  be  used  is  shown  by  the 
analyses  to  result  in  preparations  of  indefinite  strength.  If  a 
large  enough  flask  is  not  at  hand,  vessels  which  are  deep  should 
be  employed,  the  object  being  to  avoid  too  rapid  evaporation 
of  water  as  the  proper  preparation  of  the  product  requires 
several  hours. 

"In  view  of  the  above  results,  and  to  insure  a  uniform 
product,  the  Committee  on  National  Formulary  should  revise 
the  wording  of  the  directions  for  the  preparation  of  Vleminckx's 
solution.  Of  course,  if  thought  necessary,  a  standard  could 
be   fixed  for  the  solution  and  a  method   of   assay  appended. 

"I  would  take  this  opportunity  to  acknowledge  my  indebt- 
edness to  my  assistant,  J.  H.  Wiener,  Ph.C,  for  assistance 
rendered  in  the  preparation  and  analyses  of  some  of  the 
samples." 


July,  1914]  THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA  315 

Pure  Drugs  and  the  Public  Health  —  What  Government  Investigation  Has  Shown. 


Abstracted  from  a  Report  by  Martin  I.  Wilbert,  Assistant  in 
Pharmacology,  Hygienic  Laboratory,  U.S.  Public  Health 
Service,  in  Public  Health  Reports,  Vol.  29,  No.  19,  May 
8.   1914. 

A  COMPILATION  of  analytical  reports  shows  that  out  of 
a  total  of  more  than  9000  samples  of  six  pharmacopoeial 
preparations  reported  upon  from  1907  to  1911  more  than 
4000,  or  approximately  45  per  cent.,  were  found  not  to  be  in 
compliance  with  the  requirements  of  the  U.S.  Pharmacopoeia. 
Later  reports  show  this  ratio  to  hold  good.  For  instance,  the 
chemist  of  the  Indiana  State  Board  of  Health  for  1912  shows 
that  of  365  samples  of  drugs  analyzed  156,  or  42.7  per  cent., 
did  not  comply  with  requirements.  The  food  and  drug  com- 
missioner of  South  Dakota  reports  that  of  326  samples  ex- 
amined 36.3  per  cent,  were  not  passed;  in  New  Hampshire, 
of  421  samples  examined  by  the  chemist  of  the  board  of  health 
42.8  per  cent,  were  not  conformable. 

The  limitations  imposed  by  the  present  method  of  enforcing 
the  drug  feature  of  food  and  drugs  laws  is  illustrated  by  a 
table  prepared  by  L.  P.  Brown,  food  and  drug  commissioner 
of  Tennessee,  which  shows  that  no  less  than  44  political 
divisions  of  the  United  States  make  some  attempt  to  enforce 
laws  of  this  type.  The  total  number  of  employees  recorded  is 
465,  an  average  of  10  to  each  State.  The  total  number  of 
samples  examined  in  one  year  is  given  as  83,498,  and  not 
more  than  from  20  to  25  per  cent,  of  these  samples  represent 
drug  products  or  products  used  as  drugs. 

When  one  remembers  that  in  the  United  States  alone  there 
are  no  less  than  40,000  retail  drug  stores  and  that  each  one 
of  these  stores  has  in  stock  from  1000  to  20,000  separate 
articles  used  or  offered  for  use  as  medicine  the  futility  of 
endeavoring  to  control  or  even  to  seriously  influence  the  nature 
and  purity  of  products  sold  as  medicines  by  an  occasional 
examination  of  one  or  more  preparations  is  at  once  apparent. 

An  article  that  has  been  materially  improved  through  sys- 
tematic e.xamination  and  accompanying  publicity  is  "solution 
of  hydrogen  peroxide."  This  preparation  is  also  used  quite 
e.xtensively  in  the  arts  as  a  bleaching  material,  and  formerly  it 
was  quite  common  to  find  the  comparatively  impure  and 
usually  weak  technical  product  on  sale  in  drug  stores  for 
medicinal  purposes.  Improved  methods  of  manufacture,  the 
use  of  preservatives,  and  the  exercise  of  a  little  additional 
care  in  keeping  the  preparation  have  evidently  combined  to 
change  this  preparation  from  one  that  was  considered  to  be 
uniformly  impure  to  one  that  complies  fairly  well  with  the 
spirit,  though  not  the  exact  letter,  of  the  present  pharmacopoeial 
requirements.  Disregarding  the  frequent  presence  of  a  pre- 
servative only  8.7  per  cent,  of  the  preparations  examined  during 
1912   were  found   to  be  deficient   in   strength  or  contaminated. 

The  opposite  of  these  rather  promising  conditions  is  found 
in  connection  with  asafetida,  a  drug  product  of  somewhat 
uncertain  value  that  is,  nevertheless,  used  quite  extensively, 
largely  perhaps  because  of  its  penetrating  odor  and  disagreeable 
taste.  The  pharmacopoeial  requirements  for  this  drug  are 
unnecessarily  high,  and  the  chemical  tests  for  identity  and 
purity  quite  inadequate.  It  is,  therefore,  not  at  all  surprising 
to  learn  that  more  than  78  per  cent,  of  the  samples  of  asafetida 
examined  did  not  comply  with  the  requirements  of  the  Phar- 
macopoeia. This  drug,  however,  is  but  one  of  a  number  of 
articles  that  are  of  uncertain  medicinal  value,  are  difficult  to 
control  from  a  chemical  point  of  view,  and  are  more  frequently 
found  to  be  below  standard  than  above.  This  one  fact,  that 
there  are  hundreds  of  more  or  less  widely-used  drugs  for 
which  we  have  little  or  no  data  on  which  to  base  a  chemical 
control  of  the  finished  preparation,  serves  to  further  illustrate 
the  difficulty  of  exercising  any  adequate  control  of  medicinal 
preparations  through  a  city.   State  or   Federal  laboratory. 

The  reports  of  the  several  officials  intrusted  with  the  en- 
forcement of  laws  relating  to  the  production  and  sale  of  drugs 
have  emphasized  time  and  again  that  much  of  the  material 
that  is  now  being  sold  as  medicine  in  this  country  is  either 
directly  harmful  or  absolutely  useless,  and  that  from  a  public- 
health  point  of  view  considerable  progress  is  necessary  before 
the  consumer  is  as  adequately  safeguarded  as  he  should  be. 

It  is  generally  recognized  that  once  a  seal  is  broken,  a  pack- 
age opened  or  a  cork  drawn  the  manufacturer  can  no  longer 
be  held  responsible  for  the  content  of  the  package,   and,  quite 


irrespective  of  the  nature  of  the  medicine,  the  pharmacist  in 
dispensing  a  portion  of  an  original  package  assumes  all  re- 
sponsibility for  the  nature  and  the  purity  of  the  article. 

That  this  responsibility  of  the  druggist  is  as  yet  not  appre- 
ciated and  that  much  progress  must  be  made  in  the  enforce- 
ment of  existing  laws  before  the  public  is  as  adequately  pro- 
tected as  it  should  be  or  has  a  right  to  expect  is  evidenced 
by  the  shortcomings  of  pharmaceutical  preparations  as  shown 
by  tests,  particularly  those  preparations  made  on  a  small  scale 
in  the  retail  drug  store.  From  the  point  of  view  of  State  or 
National  officials  these  preparations  offer  the  most  serious 
difficulties  in  the  way  of  control  through  the  intervention  of 
Federal  or  State  laboratories,  and  yet  they  are  of  considerable 
importance  from  a  medical  point  of  view  in  that  they  include 
some  of  the  most  widely-used  medicines  we  have.  It  has  been 
well  said  that  medicine,  particularly  the  use  of  medicines,  as  a 
science,  can  make  little  or  no  progress  until  physicians  know 
more  of  the  nature  and  the  composition  of  the  articles  they 
use  as  medicines  and  of  the  action  or  influence  of  these  articles 
on   the  healthy  as   well  as  on   the   diseased  organisms. 

How  little  actual  reliance  can  be  put  in  the  average  drug 
preparation  at  the  present  time  will  be  appreciated  when  we 
learn  that  fully  50  per  cent,  of  such  widely-used  articles  as 
aromatic  spirit  of  ammonia,  spirit  of  camphor,  tincture  of 
iodine,  tincture  of  opium,  spirit  of  peppermint  and  spirit  of 
nitrous  ether  have  been  found  to  be  adulterated  or  below 
standard. 

The  general  subject  of  changes  produced  in  a  drug  because 
of  deterioration  due  to  improper  keeping  has  received  alto- 
gether too  little  attention,  and  it  is  not  generally  recognized 
that  many  of  the  formerly  well-known  drugs  have  probably 
been  discredited  because  of  their  failure  to  accomplish  the 
object  for  which  they  w^ere  administered,  a  failure  perhaps 
largely  due  to  some  form  of  contamination  or  to  decomposition 
not  recognized  by  the  dispenser. 

In  addition  to  this  possible  deterioration  of  medicaments 
which  can  be  averted,  to  a  considerable  degree  at  least,  by 
constant  care  and  watchfulness,  there  are  a  number  of  other 
factors  that  should  be  taken  into  consideration  in  connection 
with  the  dispensing  of  medicines  to  the  consumer.  Not  the 
least  important  of  these  several  factors  is  the  accuracy  and  also 
the  sensitiveness  of  scales,  w-eights  and  measures.  One  ob- 
server found  that  not  one  of  36  graduates  examined  was 
correct.  Some  were  better  than  others  but  all  were  bad.  In 
the  State  of  Kansas  nearly  one-half  of  the  prescription  weights 
examined  were  condemned,  and  of  the  718  prescription  scales 
examined   195   were   found  unfit  for  use. 

The  inability  or  unwillingness  of  retail  druggists  to  assume 
proper  responsibility  is  further  evidenced  by  the  recommen- 
dation of  one  man  to  use  ready-made  tablets  in  place  of  weigh- 
ing out  small  quantities  of  potent  drugs.  The  fallacy  of  this 
advice  has  more  latterly  been  emphasized  by  the  fact  that 
compressed  as  well  as  other  tablets,  even  under  the  most 
favorable  conditions,  may  vary  from  10  to  30  per  cent,  from  the 
quantities  claimed.  Under  conditions  not  so  favorable  even 
greater  variations  have  been  observed,  and  in  cases  where 
tablets  have  been  made  to  sell  at  inordinately  low  prices  it 
has  been  found  that  expensive  chemicals  were  present  only 
in  traces  sufficient  to  give  qualitative  tests. 

In  conclusion,  it  may  be  reiterated  that  the  more  evident 
shortcoming  in  the  present-day  enforcement  of  pure  drugs  laws 
is  the  general  failure  to  properly  place  the  responsibility  for 
the  nature,  kind  and  purity  of  the  medicines  supplied  to  the 
consumer  where  it  belongs.  This  shortcoming  is  being  cor- 
rected by  recently-enacted  laws  to  regulate  the  practice  of 
pharmacy  by  placing  the  responsibility  squarely  on  the  person 
dispensing  the  drug. 

The  proper  enforcement  of  laws  designed  to  regulate  the 
practice  of  pharmacy  in  conjunction  with  pure  drugs  laws  should 
relieve  physicians  and  the  public  of  any  doubt  as  to  the  com- 
position, purit}',  quality  and  strength  of  all  drugs  and  medici- 
nal preparations  used  in  the  treatment  of  disease.  As  these 
laws  are  enforced  at  the  present  time  it  is  plainly  evident  that 
the  methods  of  control  are  inadequate  and  do  not  serve  to 
safeguard  public  health  as  well  as  they  could  or  should. 

Boards  of  health  and  other  Federal  and  State  officials  in- 
trusted   with    the    enforcement   of   these   laws   should    endeavor 


316 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


to  call  attention  to  the  desirability  of  having  druggists  exercise 
a  close  scrutiny  of  the  drugs  and  preparations  included  in 
their  stock,  to  keep  drugs  and  chemicals  and  preparations  in 
suitable  containers,  to  throw  away  old  and  useless  material, 
and  to  see  that  scales,  weights  and  measures  are  reliable  and 
accurate  under  the  conditions  imposed  upon  them. 

Some  effort  should  also  be  made  to  see  that  drug  stores  are 
equipped  with  the  necessary  analytical  apparatus  with  which  to 
analyze  or  examine  all  supplies  and  thus  assist  in  maintaining 
a  more  efiicient  control  of  the  articles  sold  as  medicine. 

Consistent  and  efficient  control  of  the  identity,  purity  and 
strength  of  all  drugs  and  preparations  as  furnished  the  con- 
sumer would  make  for  progress  in  the  science  of  medicine  and 
should  prove  to  be  an  important  factor  in  promoting  public 
health. 


Liquid  Petrolatum  :  Russian  Mineral  Oil.* 

PETROLEUM  has  been  in  use  as  a  medicine  from  time 
immemorial.  It  was  known  to  Herodotus  400  years 
before  Christ  and  is  mentioned  by  Plutarch,  Dioscorides, 
Pliny  and  other  early  writers.  It  was  extensively  used  by  the 
Arabians  and  evidently  played  an  important  part  in  the  practice 
of  medicine  in  India,  being  known  to  the  Bengalese  as  Muthe 
Katel.  The  raw  product  was  the  substance  used  in  earlier 
times  and  differed  much  in  character  and  composition,  as 
obtained  from  different  sources. 

.•\s  an  internal  remedy  it  was  early  employed  in  chronic 
pulmonary  affections,  in  obstinate  skin  diseases,  in  rheuma- 
tism, and  for  the  expelling  of  tapeworms.  It  was  extensively 
used  for  these  several  purposes  in  France  under  the  name 
"Oleum  Gabianum"  and  in  North  America  as  "Seneka  oil." 
The  internal  use  of  the  refined  product  may  be  traced  to  a 
patent  granted  to  Robert  A.  Chesebrough,  of  New  York,  in 
June,  1872,  for  the  manufacture  of  a  "new  and  useful  product 
from  petroleum,  named  vaseline."  This  name  was  originally 
applied  only  to  a  semisolid  preparation,  but  later  a  liquid 
product  known  as  liquid  vaseline  was  marketed  and  for  a 
time  e-xploited  as  a  cure  for  coughs,  colds,  consumption  and 
a  number  of  other  diseases  and  conditions. 

The  liquid  petrolatum  has  since  become  known  under  a 
variety  of  names,  proprietary  and  otherwise,  in  addition  to 
being  used  as  a  substitute  or  an  adulterant  for  other,  more 
costly,  fats  and  oils.  Some  of  the  names  applied  to  the 
pioduct  are: 

Adepsine   Oil  Neutralol 

Amilee  Olo 

Atoleine  Paraffin    Oil 

Atoiin  Paroline 

Blandine  Petralol 

Crysmalin  Petro 

Decline  Petrolax 

Glyco  Petrolia 

Glycoline  Petronol 

Glymol  Petrosio 

Heavy  Petroleum  Oil  Rock    Oil 

Liquid  Albolene  Russian   Liquid    Petrolatum 

Liquid  Cosmoline  Russian    Mineral    Oil 

Liquid  Fossiline  Russian  Paraffin  Oil 

Liquid  Geoline  Russol 

Liquid  Paraffin  Saxol 

Liquid  Petrolatum  Terraline 

Liquid  Saxoline  TerralboHa 

Liquid  Vaseline  Usoline 

Mineral    Glycerin  Water-white   Mineral    Oil 

Mineral    Oil  White    Paraffin   Oil. 

A  preparation  similar  to  that  official  in  the  Pharmacopoeia 
of  the  United  States  as  liquid  petrolatum  has  been  included 
in  many,  if  not  all,  of  the  foreign  pharmacopoeias,  the  official 
title  under  which  this  preparation  is  recognized  being  as 
follows : 

Petrolatum  liquidum,  U.S.  Pharmacopoeia;  Paraffinum 
liquidum,  pharmacopoeias  of  Great  Britain,  Germany,  the 
Netherlands,  Japan,  Belgium,  Austria,  Denmark,  Switzerland, 
Sweden,  Servia,  Italy,  Hungary  and  Russia ;  Oleum  Paraf- 
finae,  Spanish  Pharmacopoeia;  Vaselinum  liquidum,  French 
Pharmacopoeia,  and  Oleum  vaselini  (as  a  synonym)  pharma- 
copoeias of  Denmark  and  Russia. 

The  requirements  of  the  several  pharmacopoeias  differ  some- 
what and  the  specific  gravity  as  given  is  as  follows: 

U.S. P.    VIII,    1903 0.870  to   0.940   at  23° 

Ph.   Brit.    IV,   1895 0.885  to   0.890   at  15.5° 


*Advance  proof  of  Report  of  the  Council  of  Pharmacy  and 
Chemistry  for  publication  in  the  "Journal"  of  the  A.M. A. 


B.P.C.    II.    1911,    usually 0.875  or  lower  at  15° 

Ph.  Germ.    V.    1910,    at    least 0.885  at  15° 

Ph.  Ross.     VI.     1910 0.880  to   0.885   at  15° 

Ph.  Hung.    Ill,    1909 0.88    to   0.89     at  15° 

Ph.  Ital.    III.    1909 0.875  to   0.890   at  15° 

Ph.  Fr.    V,    I90S,    about 0.875  at  15° 

Ph.  Serb.    11.    1908,    about 0.880  at  15° 

Ph.  Svcc.    IX,    1908 0.88    to   0.90     at  15° 

Ph.  Helv.    IV,    1907 0.880  to   0.885    at  15° 

Ph.  Dan.   VII,    1907.   at   least 0.880  at  15° 

Ph.  Austr.    VIII,    1906,    at    least 0.880  at  15° 

Ph.  Belg.    Ill,    1906,   not    below 0.880  at  15° 

Ph.  lapon.    Ill,    1906 0.875  to   0.945    at  15° 

Ph.  Ndl.    IV.    1905.    not   below 0.860  at  15° 

Ph.  Hisp.    VII.    1905 0.840  at  15° 

For  pharmaceutical  purposes,  liquid  petrolatum  may  be 
divided  into  two  grades,  the  lighter  or  more  limpid  oil,  used 
extensively  as  a  vehicle  for  oil  sprays,  and  the  heavier,  more 
viscid  oil  generally  recognized  in  European  pharmacopoeias 
and  used  as  an  ingredient  of  ointments  and  more  recently  as  a 
remedy  in  the  treatment  of  intestinal  stasis. 

Under  petrolatum  liquidum  the  U.S. P.  recognizes  a  mixture 
of  hydrocarbons,  chiefly  of  the  methane  series,  which  occurs 
as  a  colorless  or  very  slightly  yellowish,  oily,  transparent  liquid 
without  odor  or  taste  and  having  a  specific  gravity  of  about 
0.870  to  0.940  at  25  C.  For  the  U.S. P.  IX,  it  is  proposed  to 
change  this  requirement  somewhat  so  as  to  have  it  apply  to  a 
transparent  liquid  free  from  fiuorescence,  without  odor  or  taste 
and  having  a  specific  gravity  of  from  0.845  to  0.940  at  25  C. 
Such  a  requirement  would  include  all  of  the  available  paraffin 
oils  irrespective  of  origin.  The  now  commonly  available  com- 
mercial liquid  petrolatum,  used  for  pharmaceutical  purposes, 
is  practically  colorless  and  all  of  the  better  grades  are  free 
from  odor  or  taste.  The  specific  gravity  varies  from  0.855  to 
0.895.  The  I'ghter  oils,  having  a  specific  gravity  of  from 
0.860  to  0.870,  are  usually  preferred  in  the  making  of  oil 
sprays  or  solutions  of  substances  to  be  used  as  local  applica- 
tions. The  product  having  a  specific  gravity  above  0.87S 
evidently  contains  a  considerable  amount  of  dissolved  solid 
paraffin  w-hich  separates  out  at  temperatures  at  or  below  0  C, 
but  readily  dissolves  again  at  temperatures  above  IOC. 

There  is  considerable  difference  in  the  chemical  composition 
of  the  paraffin  oils  obtained  from  various  sources.  The  .Ameri- 
can oil  consists  largely  of  hydrocarbons  of  the  methane  series, 
while  the  Russian  oil  contains  naphthenes  or  hydrocarbons  of 
the  benzene  series,  having  the  empirical  composition  of 
ethylene  (CnHin)  which  may  be  considered  as  hydrogenated 
aromatic  hydrocarbons,  though  they  behave  with  reagents  very 
much  in  the  same  way  as  do  the  hydrocarbons  of  the  methane 
series. 

Mineral  oils  with  a  naphthene  base  are  best  suited  for 
making  white  petrolatum,  and  at  the  present  time  the  pro- 
duction of  the  colorless  water-white  liquid  petrolatum  appears 
to  be  confined  largely  or  almost  exclusively  to  the  crude  prod- 
uct of  the  Baku  district  of  Russia,  though  it  is  asserted  that 
it  is  now  also  made  from  the  Hanover  (Germany)  crude  oil 
and  that  some  is  being  produced  by  "cracking"  the  white  solid 
paraffin. 

It  is  also  said  that  the  .American  oil  can  be  made  water 
white  but  that  it  is  not  being  so  produced  at  present  for 
economic  reasons;  the  yellowish  oil,  free  from  fluorescence, 
having  a  very  wide  sale,  both  as  a  lubricant  and  as  a  sub- 
stitute for  lard  oil  and  other  of  the  more  costly  lubricating  oils. 
From  a  pharmaceutical  point  of  view,  it  would  appear 
important  to  note  the  physical  characteristics  of  the  oil  and 
to  insist  on  absence  of  color,  absence  of  odor  and  taste,  absence 
of  acid  and  of  alkali  and  a  specific  gravity  in  harmony  with 
the  purposes  for  which  the  oil  is  to  be  used. 

During  the  past  year  or  two  liquid  petrolatum  has  attracted 
considerable  attention  as  a  remedy  in  the  treatment  of  in- 
testinal stasis  or  chronic  constipation,  the  practice  of  using  it 
having  been  developed  largely  through  its  recommendation  by 
Sir  W.  Arbuthnot  Lane  and  his  associates.  This  use  of  liquid 
petrolatum  and  of  petrolatum  products  generally  is  by  no 
means  novel.  N.  A.  Randolph.-'  of  Philadelphia,  was  among 
the  first  to  suggest  its  use  for  this  purpose  in  an  article  pub- 
lished in  1885.  Randolph  also  appears  to  have  been  the  first 
to  experiment  with  petrolatum  and  to  determine  its  non- 
absorbability  from  the  intestinal  tract.  In  an  article-  in  1884 
he  concludes  that  "pure  petrolatum  while  entirely  unirritating 
to  the  digestive  tract  is  valueless  as  a  foodstuff." 

The  experiments  recorded  by  Randolph  were  evidently 
prompted  by  the  fact  that  vaseline  and  a  number  of  imitation 
products  then  on  the  market  were  being  sold  as  substitutes 
for  lard  and  butter,   and  opinions  regarding  the  food  value  of 


July,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


317 


petroleum  products  appear  to  have  differed  very  materially. 
Following  the  experiments  of  Randolph,  Robert  Hutchison  in 
1899  made  a  series  of  experiments  to  demonstrate  that  petro- 
leum, petrolatum,  paraffin  and  related  products  were  absolutely 
unassailable  by  any  of  the  digestive  fluids,  despite  the  "large 
vogue  that  had  of  late  years  been  given  to  various  petroleum 
emulsions,  chiefly  by  ingenious  and  unterrified  advertising." 
He  came  to  practically  the  same  conclusions  arrived  at  by 
Randolph  15  years  earlier  and  pointed  out  that  "liquid  paraf- 
fin in  one  sense  may  be  regarded  as  an  artificial  intestinal 
mucus  and  might  in  that  way  have  some  value  on  certain  forms 
of  constipation." 

William  Duffield  Robinson^  reports  on  the  use  of  a  perfectly 
refined  colorless  and  odorless  petrolatum,  supposedly  of  Ameri- 
can origin.  He  was  able  to  show  that  all  of  the  product  passed 
unchanged  through  the  intestinal  tract  and  could  be  regained 
fiom  the  feces.  In  his  conclusions  he  expressed  the  belief  that 
the  effect  of  the  administration  of  these  petroleum  products 
is  far  more  than  as  a  simple  intestinal  lubricant.  In  over  50 
selected  cases  in  which  nutrition,  digestion  and  body-weight 
were  impaired,  and  the  purest  oil  administered  in  1-  or  2-dram 
doses  each  day  for  a  period  of  from  four  to  six  months,  there 
was  in  everj-  instance  an  improvement  of  weight,  health  and 
feeling  of  well-being.  The  administration  of  refined  paraffin 
oil  gave  no  discomfort  in  any  instance,  even  in  cases  in  which 
nearly  a  pint  was  given  in  a  few  hours. 

William  Ewart*  suggests  liquid  paraffin  as  a  safe  agent  for 
the  local  treatment  of  the  lesions  in  typhoid  fever.  He  says  in 
part :  "Mineral  oil,  such  as  petrolatum  or  paraffin,  is  neither 
absorbed  nor  dissolved;  therefore,  after  all  absorbable  ingestions 
are  taken  up  by  the  lacteals,  it  will  remain  in  the  bowel.  In 
this  way  pure  liquid  paraffin  is  valuable,  precisely  because  it 
is  inert ;  nwreover,  it  might  some  day,  perhaps,  be  made  the 
vehicle  for  effective  topical  remedies." 

A.  D.  Schmidt^  quotes  Stubenrath  as  having  given  liquid 
paraffin  in  the  treatment  of  chronic  constipation,  and  he  him- 
self gave  as  much  as  20  gm.  of  liquid  paraffin  to  adults  with- 
out observing  any  injurious  effect  whatever.  He  says,  "As  a 
result  of  the  administration  of  liquid  paraffin,  the  feces  are 
softened  considerably  and  are  found  under  the  microscope  to 
contain  numerous  minute  globules  of  paraffin."  He  was,  how- 
ever, unable  to  recover  from  the  feces  the  entire  quantity  of 
paraffin  administered  and  believes  that  a  certain  portion  of  it, 
probably  the  fractions  with  a  low  boiling-point,  are  absorbed 
or  possibly  oxidized  in  the  organism. 

Maurice  Vejux  Tyrode"  also  refers  to  the  use  of  liquid  petro- 
leum in  the  treatment  of  constipation. 

Sir  W.  Arbuthmot  Lane  in  his  recommendations  of  liquid 
petrolatum  calls  it  an  ideal  remedy  for  stasis,  but  cautions 
against  the  use  of  the  lighter  oil  as  extensively  prescribed  in 
this  country  as  a  vehicle  for  sprays  in  nose  and  throat  work. 

Paraffin  oil  is  not  absorbed  from  the  alimentary  tract  and 
so  far  as  known  exerts  no  deleterious  influence.  It  is  usually 
given  in  quantities  of  from  10  to  20  cc.  half  an  hour  or  an 
hour  before  meals  or  in  larger  doses,  from  30  to  50  cc,  at 
one  time  on  retiring.  From  available  evidence  it  appears 
that  comparatively  huge  doses  may  be  administered  without 
the  production  of  any  untoward  results.  According  to  many 
observers,  liquid  paraffin  should  not  be  given  with  or  after 
n.eals  because  of  the  inhibiting  influence  that  it  may  have  on 
the  digestion  of  food.  It  is  not  soluble  in  water  or  the  ordi- 
narj'  solvents  and  therefore  cannot  be  diluted.  The  denser 
oils  are  preferably  slightly  warmed  or  drunk  with  warm  water 
so  as  to  obviate  the  disagreeable  slimy  sensation  that  persists 
when  taken  cold. 

\'olatile  oils  may  be  used  in  moderate  amounts  to  give  a 
distinctive  taste  to  the  otherwise  rather  insipidly  tasteless 
paraffin  oil.  Among  the  more  desirable  oils  to  be  used  for 
this  purpose  would  be  oil  of  peppermint,  oil  of  cinnamon,  oil 
of  betula  or  methyl  salicylate  and  oil  of  cloves.  From  2  to  10 
diops  of  any  of  these  oils  can  be  added  to  a  pint  of  the  oil. 
When  larger  doses  of  the  oil  are  to  be  given  at  one  time,  it 
would,  of  course,  be  advisable  to  use  a  comparatively  smaller 
quantity  of  the  volatile  oil  as  a  flavor.' 

From  the  foregoing  it  would  appear  that  apart  from  the 
Pharmacopoeia  of  the  United  States,  practically  all  other 
known  pharmacopoeias  describe  a  water-white  mineral  oil 
under  the  title  "Parafiinum  Liquidum"  or  "Liquid  Paraffin"  as 
a  colorless,  odorless,  tasteless,  non-fluorescent,  oily  liquid,  free 
from  acids,  alkalies  and  organic  impurities.  As  explained 
before,    the   specific    gravity   of   the   preparation    as    recognized 


in  other  countries  and  as  offered  on  the  American  market  at 
the  present  time  varies  considerably,  and  there  appears  to  be 
some  difference  of  opinion  as  to  the  exact  nature  of  the  product 
that  is  preferable  for  use  for  different  purposes.  This  matter 
requires  further  investigation. 

Since  the  definition  of  liquid  petrolatum  in  the  U.S.  Phar- 
macopoeia permits  the  use  of  fluorescent  products  of  widely 
varying  specific  gravities,  it  is  recommended  that  physicians 
who  desire  the  water-white  non-fluorescent  (Russian)  mineral 
oil  should  use  the  term  "Petrolatum  Liquidum,  Grave,"  or 
"I'araffinum  Liquidum,  B.P,,"  if  the  hea\-y  product  recom- 
mended by  Lane  is  desired,  and  "Petrolatum  Liquidum,  Leve." 
if  the  light  varieties  are  required.  It  is  further  recommended 
that  under  the  foregoing  names,  manufacturers  and  pharmacists 
be  requested  to  dispense  the  products,  in  accordance  with  the 
following  descriptions: 

Petrolatum  Liquidum,  Grave Heavy  (Russian)  Liquid 

Petrolatum. — Paraffinum  Liquidum,.  B.P.,  liquid  paraffin. — .A 
transparent,  colorless,  tasteless,  non-fluorescent,  oily  liquid, 
odorless  when  cold  but  giving  off  a  faint  petroleum  odor  on 
heating.  This  preparation  should  correspond  to  the  require- 
ments of  Uie  British  Pharmacopoe-a  for  liquid  paraffin  and 
have  a  specific  gravity  of  about  0.883  to  0.890  at  15  C.  It  is 
insoluble  in  water  or  alcohol,  but  soluble  in  boiling  absolute 
alcohol  and  readily  soluble  in  ether,  chloroform,  carbon  disul- 
phide,  petroleum  benzin,  benzene  and  fixed  and  volatile  oils. 
It  serves  as  a  solvent  for  volatile  oils  and  related  substances 
like  camphor,  menthol  and  thymol. 

This  is  the  type  of  preparation  used  by  Sir  W.  Arbuthnot 
Lane,  and  his  associates  for  internal  administration.  It  is  also 
used  as  a  basis  for  ointments  and  salves  and  as  a  local  appli- 
cation to  wounds,  ulcers  and  in  certain  forms  of  skin  diseases 
in  which  a  simple  protective  is  desired. 

Petrolatum.     Liquidum,      Leve Light      (Russian)  — 

Liquid  Petrolatum. — A  transparent,  colorless,  tasteless,  non- 
fluorescent,  oily  liquid,  odorless  when  cold,  but  giving  off  a 
faint  petroleum  odor  on  heating.  In  other  respects  this  prepa- 
ration should  correspond  to  the  pharmacopoeial  tests  for  liquid 
petrolatum  and  have  a  specific  gravity  of  about  0.860  to  0.875 
at  15  C.  Like  the  heavy  variety  of  liquid  petrolatum,  it  is 
insoluble  in  water  and  alcohol,  but  soluble  in  boiling 
absolute  alcohol  and  readily  soluble  in  ether,  ch'oroform, 
carbon  disulphide,  petroleum  benz'n,  benzene  and  fixed  and 
volatile  oils.  It  serves  as  a  solvent  for  volatile  oils  and  related 
substances  like  camphor,  menthol  and  thymol. 

This  is  a  type  of  preparation  extensively  used  as  a  vehicle 
for  the  oily  sprays  in  nose  and  throat  work.  It  is  also  being 
used  as  one  of  the  constituents  in  the  now  popular  paraffin  oil 
cold  cream  and  has  been  used  to  some  extent  for  internal 
administration  in  the  treatment  of  chronic  stasis.  Being  more 
limpid  than  the  preparation  preferred  by  Lane,  it  is  more 
readily  taken,  though  greater  care  must  be  exercised  in  securing 
a  sample  devoid  of  the  lighter  fractions  of  petroleum  distillates. 


IRandolph,  N.  A.:  Therap.  Gaz.,  18S5,  ix,  732. 

2Randolph,  N.  A.:  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sc,  Philadelphia,  1884,  p.  281. 
SRobinson:  William  Duffield:  Med.  News,  1900,  Ixxvii,  56. 
4Ewart,  William:  Brit.  Med.  Jour.,  1902,  ii,  1505. 
^Schmidt,    A.    D. :    Muenchen.    med.    Wchschr..    1905,    Hi,    1970. 
^Tyrode,    Maurice    Vejux:    Boston    Med.    and    Surg.    Jour.,    1910, 
clxii,  673. 

'In   addition   to   the   articles   referred   to   in   the   preceding   foot- 
notes, the  following  are  of  interest  in  connection  with  this  subject: 
Editorial,  Therap.   Gaz.,   1885,   ix,  353. 
Junker,   F.  A.;  Med.   Record,   London,   1885,  xiii,  506. 
Editorial,  Med.  News,  1886,  xlviii,  105. 
Dunbar:    Deutsch.   med.   Wchnschr.,   1896,   xxii,  33. 
Stubenrath,    Franz    Casimir:    Muenchen,    med.    Wchschr.,    1897, 

xliv,   639. 
London  Letter,   Med.   News,   1899,  Ixxiv,   504. 
Hutchison,  Robert:   Brit.   Med.  Jour.,   1899,   i,  724. 
Schlesinger,  E.  G. :  Boston  Med.  and  Surg.  Tour.,  1913,  clxix,  14. 
Lane,    W.    Arbuthnot:    Brit.    Med.    Jour.,    1913,    ii,    1126;    Proc. 
Roy.  Soc.  Med.,  1913,  vi,  49;  Surg.  Gynec.  and  Obst.,  1913, 
xvi,  No.  6. 
Jordan,   Alfred   C. :    Practitioner,    London,   February,   1913. 
Chrysopathes,   J.    G. :    Zentralbl.    f.    Chir.,   1913,   No.   45;    abstr., 
"The  Journal  A.M. A.,"   Dec  13,   1913,  p.  2201. 


Cheap  Mucilage. 

Dextrine    Vz  pound 

Alcohol    4  fl.  ounces 

Acetic   acid    4  fl.  ounces 

Water    20  fl.  ounces 

Mix. 


31  s 


THE    PllAiniACKl'TirAL    KKA 


IJui.v,  1914 


VII.   Classical   Discoveries  in  Pharmacy  —  The  Medicinal  Wines. 


CHIEFLY  of  historical  interest  are  the  four  articles  by 
Anioine  Augustin  Parmentier  on  the  subject  of  medicinal 
wines.  These  preparations  have  now  fallen  largely  into 
disuse,  but  at  the  beginning  of  the  nineteenth  century  wine 
was  one  of  the  four  principal  menstrua  of  the  pharmacist,  and 
in  countries  like  France,  where  wine  was  a  staple  article  of 
drink  among  all  classes,  medicated  wines  were  a  favorite  lorm 
of  tonic  for  convalescents.  It  is  interesting  to  note,  however, 
that  Parmentier's  suggestions  have  so  far  prevailed  that 
they  are  still  embodied  in  the  U.S. P.  d  rections  for 
medicinal  wines,  which,  except  wine  of  opium,  are  made  by 
mi.xing  wine  with  a  fluide.xtract,  the  latter  taking  the  place  of 
Parmentier's  so-called  tinctures. 

Parmentier  was  a  prominent  figure  in  his  day.  Born  at 
Montdidier,  in  1737,  he  practiced  pharmacy  for  some  time  in 
his  native  town.  During  the  Seven  Years'  War  he  was  field 
apothecary  of  the  French  Army  in  Germany,  where  he  learned 
to  know  the  value  of  the  potato  as  food.  Later  he  was  assistant 
apothecary  at  the  Invalides,  in  Paris,  and  then  became  pro- 
fessor of  economy  and  agronomy  at  the  £cole  Centrale. 
Finally  he  was  made  inspector-general  of  medical  affairs.  He 
was  an  authority  on  agriculture  and  its  chemistry,  and  wrote 
many  treatises  on  fertilizers,  grains,  sugar  and  its  extraction, 
wines,  brandies  and  syrups,  the  preser\'ation  of  foods,  choco- 
late, and  similar  subjects.  H's  most  striking  achievement  was 
his  overcoming  o''  the  French  prejudice  against  potatoes  as 
food,  which  had  been  used  by  surrounding  nations  for  many 
years. 

The  papers  from  which  the  following  extracts  are  taken 
appear  in  the  Annates  de  Chimie,  Vol.  35,  pp.  58-73;  Vol.  39, 
pp.  225-241 ;  \'ol.  50,  pp.  33-57,  during  the  years  1800,  1801, 
ard  1804.  under  the  titles  "Experiences  and  Observations  on 
Medicinal  Wines,"  and  "New  Observations  on  Mecficinal 
Wines."  .\  fourth  discussion,  on  ".Alcoholic  Medicinal  Tinc- 
tures,'' is  closely  connected  in  subject  matter  with  the  others, 
and  contains  a  large  amount  of  repetition  of  statements  found 
elsewhere.  It  appears  in  Vol.  40,  pp.  257-272,  and  in  it 
Parmentier  states  the  reasons  which  lead  him  to  believe  a 
tincture  made  with  alcohol  of  20  degrees  would  be  preferable 
to  one  with  24°  alcohol,  as  previously  prescribed.  The  stronger 
a'cohol,  it  was  feared,  might  not  extract  all  the  active  prin- 
ciples of  the  drugs,  and  a  tincture  made  with  it  was  likely  to 
precipitate  when  mixed  with  the  less  sp'rituous  wine.  In  all, 
the  discussion  and  formulas  cover  74  pages,  and  the  paragraphs 
below,  taken  in  the  order  in  which  they  appear  in  the  originals, 
but  not  in  immediate  sequence,  a'm  merely  to  present  the  main 
line  of  thought  in  a  series  of  rather  long-winded  papers. 
Experiences    and    Observations    on    Medicinal    Wines. 

"For  a  long  time  water,  wine,  alcohol,  and  acetic  acid  have 
been  regarded  in  pharmacies  as  the  most  suitable  vehicles  for 
extract  ng  from  vegetables,  by  some  form  of  digestion,  their 
most  essential  parts,  thus  offering  the  art  of  healing  more  or 
less  active  remedies;  but  one  of  these  vehicles — wine — which 
by  its  composition  unites  all  the  solvent  properties  belonging 
to  the  other  three  fluids,  since  it  takes  up  equally  the  aroma, 
resinous  extracts,  resino-extractives,  resins,  and  oils — wine  can- 
not combine  with  these  different  substances  without  changing 
its  nature,  without  necessari'y  losing  a  large  part  of  the  prop- 
erties which  it  had  in  the  natural  state. 

.  Medicinal  wines  have  long  enjoyed,  and  still  enjoy 
today  in  some  cantons,  a  certain  celebrity.  To  prepare  them, 
our  oldest  pharmacologists  ind  cated  two  methods,  one  by  fer- 
mentation, the  other  by  infusion  or  maceration :  the  first  takes 
place  by  mixing  with  the  saccharine  and  recently  expressed 
juices  the  substances  whose  properties  it  is  intended  to  transmit 
to  the  vnous  liquors;  the  second  consists  in  immediately 
applying  the  .substances  to  wine  already  prepared. 

"If  in  the  first  case,  the  vegetab'e  drugs,  of  whatever  nature 
they  may  be,  when  put  to  macerate  in  grape  juice  undergo, 
like  this  mucous  and  saccharine  liquid,  through  the  internal 
motion,  some  notable  changes;  in  the  second  case,  on  the  con- 
trary, it  is  the  vinous  liquor  itself  which,  in  associating  to 
itself  the  medicinal  principles  loses,  if  not  all,  at  least  in  part, 
its  tonic  and  restorative  properties,  so  that  the  health  officer 
who  prescribes  can  no  longer  count  on  the  effect  that  he  aims 
to  produce. 

"It  does  not  suffice  to  have  shown  that  wine,  while  exerting 


its  action  on  one  of  the  principles  of  the  drugs  with  which  it 
is  macerating,  and  leaving  in  their  expressed  marc  a  large 
part  of  the  alcohol  which  constitutes  its  strength,  is  no  longer 
wine;  we  must  show  still  that  the  simple  operation  of  pre- 
paring medicinal  wines  is  also  another  means  to  their  de- 
terioration. 

"The  vessel  in  which  the  maceration  takes  place  cannot  be 
filled  completely  or  perfectly  stoppered;  the  wine  remains  ex- 
posed to  a  temperature  prejudicial  to  its  conservation.  To 
decant  it  from  above  the  substance  on  which  it  has  rested  for 
a  f;reater  or  less  time,  it  must  be  strained,  submitted  to  the 
press,  filtered,  and  distributed  in  bottles;  there  you  have  it, 
always  exposed  to  the  influence  of  the  atmosphere;  the  wine, 
according  to  its  nature,  undergoes  other  changes;  only  a  glass- 
ful, or  two  at  most,  are  administered  in  a  day;  it  remains  in 
ullage  for  a  longer  or  shorter  period,  according  to  the  capacity 
of  the  container. 

"Thus  with  all  these  alternations  of  heat  and  cold,  infusions, 
expressions,  filtration,  and  distribution,  the  patient  receives,  in 
place  of  a  cordial,  strengthening  and  tonic  wine,  nothing  but 
the  dregs;  the  wine  is  no  longer  what  it  should  be  to  the  eye, 
smell  or  taste;  in  short,  it  has  all  the  characteristics  of  a 
turned  or  stale  wine.  Should  one  be  astonished  that  we  are 
often  justified  in  comp'aining  of  the  use  of  medicinal  wines, 
and  forced  to  discontinue  their  use  before  being  freed  of  the 
indisposition   for  which  this  remedy  was  indicated? 

"Since  the  art  of  liealing  can  gain  little  or  no  aid  from 
medicinal  wines  obtained  by  fermentation  or  infusion,  it  ap- 
pears advantageous  to  us  to  abandon  this  mode  of  preparation, 
and  to  prefer  a  good  wine  to  which  one  would  add,  at  the 
instant  when  it  is  to  be  administered,  a  few  drops  of  a  tincture 
prepared  in  advance;  that  is  to  say,  with  alcohol  of  24°, 
charged  as  much  as  possible  with  the  principles  that  the  wine 
would  have  been  used  to  extract,  in   'ollowing  the  o'd  process. 

"Medicinal  wines  thus  compounded  according  to  need,  and 
by  the  simple  mixng  of  a  few  drops  of  a  tincture  appropriate 
to  the  effect  one  wishes  to  produce,  would  no  longer  be  ex- 
posed during  their  preparation,  their  conservation,  or  their 
distribution,  to  the  influence  of  the  host  of  causes  which  always 
bring  about  variat'ons  in  the  action  of  the  solvent,  the  quantity 
of  material  dissolved,  and  the  nature  and  the  effects  of  the 
compound  which  results. 

"The  Board  of  Health,  impressed  by  the  inconveniences 
attached  to  the  ordinary  manner  of  preparing  medicinal  wines, 
and  the  advantages  which  exist  for  the  we'fare  of  the  sick, 
the  facility  of  service,  and  for  economy,  in  introducing  some 
use'ul  changes  into  that  part  of  medicine,  has  just  ordered 
the  central  pharmacy  of  military  hospita's  to  compound  as 
many  tinctures  as  there  are  medicinal  wines  in  the  pharma- 
ceutical formulary  of  the  army,  so  as  to  be  able  to  judge 
finally,  by  trials  repeated  under  their  own  eyes,  of  the  effects 
on  our  organs,  and   in  the  animal  economy. 

"My  last  response  to  the  objections  which  can  be  alleged  in 
favor  of  medicinal  wines  prepared  by  the  method  against 
which  I  have  taken  my  stand,  is  that  physicians,  in  prescribing 
ths  c'ass  of  medicines,  intend  to  administer  first,  w^ne;  then, 
an  extract  in  solution  which  adds  to  its  tonic,  cordial,  and 
restorative  properties.  Xow,  chemistry,  experience,  and  ob- 
servation all  prove  that  often  the  patient  gets  neither  the 
one  nor  the  other:  that  the  wine,  whether  pure,  or  decomposed 
and  near  to  vinegar,  must  e.xercise,  under  these  different 
modifications  as  a  solvent,  an  action  likewise  different,  and 
produce  results  on  which  one  can  no  longer  depend;  thus,  far 
from  repairing  the  forces  of  the  weakened  stomach,  it  con- 
tributes still  further  to  derange  the  functions  of  that  organ. 
Preparation    of  Alcoholic    Tinctures. 

"The  alcohol  most  suitable  for  the  preparation  of  tinctures 
destined  to  form,  by  their  mixture  with  wine,  those  medicaments 
cal'ed  in  all  the  pharmacopoeias,  medicinal  wines,  should  show 
20°  on  the  Baume  areometer.  The  solvent  having  always  the 
SPme  fixed  degree  of  strength,  constantly  exercises  the  same 
action  on  vegetable  substances  which  are  submitted  to  it;  it 
removes  at  the  same  time  both  the  resinous  extractive  and  the 
resino-extractive.  Whence  results  a  compound  fluid  which, 
mixed  in  certain  proportions  with  wine,  changes  neither  its 
transparency  nor  its  specific  properties. 

".'\nother  rule  useful  to  establish   in   the  general  preparation 


•TuXT.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


319 


of  alcoholic  medicinal  t  nctures,  is  to  proceed  in  two  stages,  and 
to  begin  the  digestion  of  the  ingredients  with  only  one-half 
the  prescribed  amount  of  alcohol,  so  that  it  may  charge  itself 
at  first  with  extract,  and  dispose  the  marc  to  yield  more  easily 
that  which  it  still  contains.  By  means  of  this  precaution  the 
alcohol  becomes  saturated  as  fully  as  can  be,  with  the  two 
extractives  which  are  most  essential  to  the  medicinal  effect 
intended. 

Tincture    of    Gentian. 

Take  Gentian  root  64  gr.     (2  ounces) 

Orange  peel    32  gr.     (1  ounce) 

.\lcohol  at  20° V/z  kilo.  (3  pounds) 

"The  gentian  and  the  orange  peel  being  coarsely  powdered, 
are  placed  in  a  matrass,  with  one-half  of  the  alcohol  indicated. 
The  vessel  remains  for  6  days,  e.xposed  to  the  sun  or  the  heat 
of  the  sand  bath,  according  to  the  season,  shaking  frequently; 
decant  and  recommence  digestion  for  the  same  space  of  time, 
pouring  on  the  marc  the  other  part  of  alcohol.  Express  strongly, 
unite  the  two  liquors  for  filtering,  and  distribute  them  in 
bottles  of  a  capacity  of  two  deciliters,  which  are  stoppered  and 
laid  away  in  a  cool  place  for  use. 

Preparation  of  Medicinal  Wines. 
"The  custom  of  administering  alcoholic  tinctures  by  mixing 
them  with  wine  at  the  instant  of  taking  is  in  no  wise  an  in- 
novation in  medicine.  Quercetan,  Bauderon,  and  Charas, 
although  partisans  of  medicinal  wines  prepared  by  the  old 
method,  praise  this  custom;  to  be  sure,  it  must  be  noted  that 
it  is  only  in  a  very  concentrated  state  that  these  famous  phar- 
macologists prescribe  the  use  of  alcohol,  and  that,  also  for  fear 
of  diminishing  their  strength,  they  take  great  care  to  demand 
that  the  drugs  shall  be  previously  dried. 

"We  shall  observe,  before  indicating  the  proportion  of  the 
tincture,  that  it  has  been  determined  by  repeated  tr'als  in  civil 
and  military  hospitals  that  everj-  kind  of  tinctvire  may  be  em- 
ployed in  the  proportion  of  from  16  to  8  parts,  to  one  of  wine;* 
that  by  this  means  the  restorative  and  tonic  properties  of  the 
latter  are  increased,  not  only  because  of  the  extractive  principle 
it  contains,  but  also  by  the  small  portion  of  free  alcohol  which, 
in  a  weak  wine,  makes  of  it  on  the  spot  a  generous  wine,  more 
homogeneous  than  if  one  had  added  alcohol  as  a  condiment 
too  late." 

Bitter  Wine. 

Tincture  of  Gentian 24  gr.     (6  drains) 

Red  wine   1  kilo.  (2  pounds) 

Stomachic   Wine. 

Red  or  white  wine 1  kilo.  (2  potmds) 

Tincture  of  elecampane,  from 32  gr.     (1  ounce) 

to 64  gr.     (2  otmces) 

*This  is  apparently  inverted  in  error,  the  correct  proportions 
being,  as  shown  by  the  formulas,  one  part  of  tincture  to  from 
8  to  16  parts  of  wine. 


Ampyrofen  is  dimethylamino-antipyrin-caffeine  citrate,  used 
as  an  antipyretic  and  tonic. 

Arnicoform  is  a  combination  of  arnica  with  15  per  cent,  of 
formaldehyde  solution  and  eucalyptus  oil.  It  is  used  as  a 
wash  and  disinfectant. 

Arsalyt  is  bismethylamino-tetramino-arsenobenzene. 

Asymon  capsules  contain  olive  oil,  magnesium  and  sodium 
choleate,  and  magnesium  and  sodium  carbonate.  Used  in 
hyperacidity  of  the  stomach. 

Cavalin  contains  camphor,  olive  oil,  Japan  wax,  lead  car- 
bonate, and  minium. 

Chromoform  is  the  dichromate  of  methyl-hexamethylenetet- 
ramine,  an  orange-red  crystalline  powder,  soluble  in  water. 
On  the  addition  of  acids  or  alkalies,  and  also  on  wanning  the 
solution,  formaldehyde  is  set  free. 

Diabetosan  contains  magnesium  peroxide,  effervescent 
lithium  citrate,  potassium  sulphoguaiacolate,  calcium  glycero- 
phosphate, ovolecithin,  and  sodium  caseinate. 

Droserin  Syrup  contains  droserin,  1  per  cent,  of  bromine, 
and  5  per  cent,  of  valerian. 


Fondant  iodotannique  contains  in  each  dose  0.01  g.  of  iodine 
and  0.15  g.  of  tormentilla   tannin. 

Glykamben,  a  cough  remedy,  contains  codeine,  benzoic  acid, 
extract   of  ipecac,  camphor,  and  anisated  ammonia. 

Gold  cantharidin  is  cantharidyl-ethylene-diamino-aurocyanide, 
used   ;n  intravenous  injections  of  a  2.5   per  cent,  solution. 

Gonophen  tablets  contain  kava  resin  and  extract  of  pichi. 

Goudron-Guyot  is  a  mixture  of  vegetable  tar,  sodium  bi- 
carbonate, and  water,  used  in  tuberculosis,  catarrh,  etc. 

Heuran  consists  of  0.005  g.  menthol,  1  g.  anesthesin,  1  g. 
boric  acid,  4  drops  adrenalin  solution,  and  vaselin  to  make 
20  g.     A  hay  fever  remedy. 

Hydrastopon  contains  in  100  g.,  0.08  g.  of  hydrastinine 
hydrochloride  and  0.2  g.  of  papaverine  hydrochloride,  and  is 
used  in  dysmenorrboea. 

Inhibin,  a  new  hemostatic,  contains  adrenalin,  stypticin, 
ferripyrin,  quinine  sulphate,  solution  iron  chloride,  antipyrin, 
and   effervescing  constituents. 

Kinetin  tablets  contain  quinine  and  hectine,  and  are  used 
in  colds,  hay  fever,  and  influenza. 

Lacalut  is  aluminum  lactate  in  solid  form,  used  in  aqueous 
solutions  of  ]/i-2  per  cent,  for  rinsing  the  bladder  and  urethra. 

Leciguhaemin  is  a  tuberculosis  remedy  containing  lecithin, 
hemoglobin   and  guaiacol. 

Lecimark  is  a  cod  liver  oil  emulsion  with  egg  yolk. 

Lecithaemin  is  a  liquid  lecithin-hemoglobin  preparation,  with 
glycerophosphoric  acid.  Arsalecithaemin  contains  in  addition 
0.0015  g.  of  arsenic  in  a  teaspoonful. 

Maltobonaco  consists  of  malt  extract,  banana  meal,  calcium 
glycerophosphate,  cacao  and  sugar. 

Nicoscabin  is  said  to  be  a  nicotine  salicylate  preparation, 
containing  boric  acid  and  menthol.     Used  in  treatment  of  itch. 

Phosphocose  contains  somatose  and  sodium  glycerophosphate. 

Pyocyaneoprotein  Houl  is  prepared  from  bouillon  cultures 
of  B.  pyocyaneus,  and  has  given  good  results  in  cases  of  in- 
flammation  of  the  mouth,   pharynx  and   larynx. 

Pyralgin  Injections  are  sterile  solutions  containing  in  each 
cc.  0.5  g.  melubrin,  0.00275  g.  of  sodium  chloride,  0.00025  g.  of 
calcium  chloride,  and  0.0005  g.  of  glucose.  Used  in  rheumatic 
affections. 

Rhodaform  is  said  to  be  hexamethylenetetramine-methyl- 
sulphocyanate,  forming  a  white  powder,  melting  at  193°.  It 
is  used  in  affections  of  the  mouth  and  gums. 

Sagrotan  is  a  molecular  mixture  of  chlor-.xylenol  and  chlor- 
cresol,  possessing  double  the  bactericidal  activity  of  the  sum 
of  the  constituents.  It  is  a  light-brown,  oily  liquid,  miscible 
with   water.     Non-toxicity   is  a  special  feature. 

Sal  Hycolin.  a  disinfectant,  contains  60  per  cent,  of  creosote 
oil,  4.6  per  cent,  of  glue,  and  35.4  per  cent,  of  water. 

Sanamark  Emulsion  contains  cod  liver  oil,  lime  salts,  and 
sodium   glycerophosphate. 

Sanitafer  contains  casein  and  soditmi  glycerophosphate. 

Saposalin  is  a  soap  containing  salicylic  acid,  eucalyptol, 
and  terpineol. 

Septan  is  a  disinfectant  containing  formaldehyde,  and  used 
in  Y2-S  per  cent,  solution.  It  is  said  to  be  superior  to  any 
other  agent  for  similar  purposes,  has  a  pleasant  odor,  does  not 
attack  metals  or  fabrics,  and  is  miscible  with  water,  alcohol, 
and   glycerol. 

Tenuidin  tablets  contain  potassium  iodide,  aloes,  borax,  and 
dried  extract  of  cascara. 

Testormon  Richter  has  been  used  in  sexual  neurasthenia, 
impotence,  and  affections  of  the  prostate  gland.  One  ampule 
contains   1.1   cc,   and   represents   about   2.5   g.   of  fresh   glands. 

Toxodesmin  consists  of  5  parts  of  chemically  and  biologically 
tested  animal  charcoal,  2.5  parts  of  sodium  sulphate,  and  2.5 
parts  of  magnesium  sulphate.  It  is  intended  to  be  a  general 
antidote  for  all  poisons,  except  strong  acids  and  alkalies,  and 
is  further  useful  in  inflammation  of  the  intestinal  tracts,  and 
as  a  dietetic. 

Valymbin  is  yohimbine  valerate. 

Venericide  tablets  contain  mercurous  chromate. 

Veroglandol  is  an  extract  of  the  corpus  lutea,  used  in  uterine 
hemorrhages. 

Vesahine  S  is  hexamethylenetetramine  salicylate. 

Vishimbin  consists  of  lecithin  and  yohimbin. 

Vosselin  Ointment  contains  olive  oil,  yellow  wax,  and  balsam 
of  Peru. 


320 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  I'Jl-t 


SELECTED  FORMULAE 


Milk  of  Olives. 

Soft  soap   2  drams 

Glycerin    10  ounces 

Powdered   iragacanth    2  drams 

Olive   oil    10  ounces 

Oil  of  peru 5  drams 

Solution  of  potassa 3  drams 

Water    10  ounces 

Perfume    3  drams 

Mix.    (Br.  &  Col.  Dr.) 

Violet  Cold  Cream. 

Olive  oil  1000  grams 

White   wa.\    100  grams 

Spermar;ti 100  grams 

Distilled  water    1000  cc. 

lonone  10  grams 

Melt  the  white  \va.\  and  spermaceti,  and  incorporate  the  oiL 
Then  when  slightly  cooled,  mi.v  in  the  distilled  water  pre- 
viously warmed,  lastly  adding  the  ionone. 

Flaxseed  Cosmetic  Cream. 

FIa.xseed    2  ounces 

Water    I'A  B.  ounces 

Salicylic   acid    2  grains 

Glycerin    12^  ounces 

Alcohol    Z'/i  fl.  ounces 

Carbolic  acid  1  fl.  dram 

Cologne   water    lyi  fl.  drams 

Make  a  mucilage  by  macerating  the  ila.xseed  in  the  water  for 
three  days  with  frequent  shaking;  then  strain  through  muslin; 
dissolve  the  salicylic  acid  in  the  alcohol  and  add  with  the 
remaining  ingredients  to  the  glycerin;  shake  well  and  let  stand 
for  24  hours,  strain  again  through  muslin,  and   bottle. 

Non-Sticky    Cosmetic    Cream. 

Cornstarch,   in  fine  powder 5  drams 

Boric   acid    2  drams 

Carbolic    acid     20  minims 

Glycerin    6  fl.  ounces 

Distilled  water   14  fl.  ounces 

Perfume    (any  desired  extract) 1/2  fl.  ounce 

Boil  the  cornstarch  with  the  water  until  a  perfect  paste  is 
formed.     Dissolve  the  boric  and  carbolic  acids  in  the  glycerin 
and  add  to  the  first  mi.xture.     Lastly  add  the  perfume. 
Compound  Menthol  Snuff,  B.P.C. 

Menthol,    in   powder 50  grains 

Ammonium   chloride    100  grams 

Boric  acid,   in   powder 200  grains 

Lycopodium     650  grains 

MLx  the  powders. 

Salol  Mouth  Wash,  B.P.C. 

Salol    1/^  ounce 

Th\-mol   22  grains 

Spirit   of  anise 96  minims 

Oil    of  peppermint 48  minims 

Eli.w   of   gluside V2  fl.  ounce 

Alcohol,  enough  to  make 20  fl.  dunces 

Dissolve  the  salol  and  thymol  in  10  fl.  ounces  of  alcohol, 
heating  gently  if  necessary ;  then  add  the  oil  of  peppermint, 
spirit  of  anise,  and  eli.vir  of  gluside,  make  up  to  the  required 
volume  by  the  addition  of  alcohol,  and  filter.  This  solution 
forms  a  refreshing  antiseptic  mouth  wash  if  a  few  drops  be 
added  to  a  wineglassful  of  water. 

Sulphur  Lotion,   B.P.C. 

Precipitated  sulphur   1   oz.  162'^'2  grains 

Glycerin    300  minims 

Alcohol    zyi  fl.  ounces 

Rose    water,    diluted 8  fl.  ounces 

Solution  of  lime,  enough  to  make 20  fl.  oimces 

Triturate  the  precipitated  sulphur  with  the  glycerin,  and 
some  of  the  diluted  rose  water  to  form  a  smooth  paste,  and 
add  the  other  liquids.  This  lotion  is  used  in  acne  and  other 
skin  diseases. 


Dentifrice  Essence. 

Thymol    0.2  gram 

Oil  of  peppermint 0.6  gram 

Benzoic  acid   2.4  grams 

Tincture   of   eucalyptus 12.0  grams 

.Mcohol     84.8  grams 

Mi.x. 

Hair  Water  With  Quinine. 
(Eau   de   Quinine) 

Quinine  sulphate 1.0  gram 

Cologne  water    10.0  grams 

Alcohol     100.0  grams 

Rum   150.0  grams 

Rose  water 600.0  grams 

.■Mkannin    q.s. 

Mix. 

Vaseline    Cream. 

Vaseline    24  ounces 

White    wax    12  ounces 

Spermaceti    12  ounces 

Glycerin    3  ounces 

Oil  of  rose  geranium 1  dram 

Melt  the  white  wa.x  and  spermaceti  over  a  water  bath,  add 
the  va.seline,  stir  until  nearly  cold,  then  add  the  glycerin  and 
oil  of  rose  geranium. 

Mackenzie's   Eye   Lotion. 

Mercuric   chloride    1   grain 

Ammonium   chloride    6  grains 

Cochineal    1 J^  grains 

Alcohol    1   fl.  dram 

Water,  enough  to  make 8  fl.  ounces 

Mix.    .•\fter  12  hours  filter  the  solution. 

Fumig'ating'  Compound  for  Greenhouses. 
Nicotine,  30  parts;  camphor,  5  parts;  oil  of  camphor,  25 
parts;  oil  of  citronella,  20  parts;  methylated  spirit,  enough  to 
rrake  100  parts.  Half  an  ounce  of  this  compound  is  generally 
sufficient  for  each  1000  cubic  feet  of  space.  It  should  be  placed 
in  a  porcelain  dish  over  an  alcohol  lamp,  the  operator  then 
leaving  the  house,  which  should  not  be  entered  for  at  least 
two  hours. 

Saponified  Solution  of  Formaldehyde. 

Solution  of  caustic  potash 20  grams 

Alcohol    15  grams 

Redistilled  olein    20  grams 

Solution    of   formaldehyde 45  grams 

Oil   of   lavender 5  drops 

Mix.     For  disinfecting  purposes. 

German  Wart  Paint. 

Chloral    hydrate    6  parts 

Acetic   acid    6  parts 

Salicylic  acid   4  parts 

Ether     4  parts 

Collodion    15  parts 

Mix,  and  apply  with  a  camel-hair  pencil. 
A  General  Insecticide. 

Green   soap    40  parts 

Extract    of    tobacco 60  parts 

Empyreumatic    oil    50  parts 

Alcohol    200  parts 

Water    650  parts 

Mix  according  to  art.  For  use,  dilute  one  part  with  five 
parts  of  water. 

Sausage  Flavoring. 

Celery  seed    2  drams 

Mace    1  dram 

Nutmeg  1  dram 

Black   pepper    2  ounces 

Common    salt    2  ounces 

Ground    rice    6  ounces 

Mix  well,  tinting  the  powder  a  dark  salmon  with  powdered 
red  sandalwood. 


July,  19U] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


321 


FROM   WORKERS   IN   OTHER   LANDS, 


Rattlesnake  Venom  Valuable  in  Epilepsy — Barladean 

on     Distilled     Water — Physiological     Assay     of 

Digitalis  Not  Yet  Practicable  for  Pharmacists. 

FROM  France  comes  confirmation  of  reports,  heard  here 
and  there,  that  the  dread  disease  epilepsy  is  materially 
affected  for  the  better  by  the  venom  of  the  rattlesnake 
tribe.  Apparently,  the  effects  are  due  to  the  violent  hemolytic 
action  of  the  poison.  Good  results  are  reported  in  nearly 
every  case  treated.  Barladean  again  points  out  the  dire  results 
that  may  follow  the  introduction  into  distilled  water,  by  sterili- 
zation, of  saline  matter  from  the  glass  containers.  Pharmacists 
may  be  glad  to  learn  that  Gottlieb  is  of  the  opinion  that  the 
various  physiological  assay  methods  for  digitalis  have  not  yet 
been  sufficiently  well  worked  out  to  justify  the  adoption  of  any 
one  for  ordinary  drug  store  use.  Other  items  of  interest  to 
analysis  are  Lehmann's  account  of  the  chief  adulterants  of 
vanillin,  the  cause  of  the  alteration  of  potassium  iodide  on 
standing,  a  simple  determination  of  B.  Coli  in  milk,  and 
identity  reactions  of  fluidextract  of  hydrastis. 
Rattlesnake  Venom  for  Epilepsy — 

Self,  of  Texas,  has  related  the  case  of  an  epileptic  who  was 
cured  by  being  bitten  by  a  rattlesnake.  Others  have  reported 
similar  cases.  The  authors  have  conducted  a  series  of  experi- 
ments on  a  number  of  female  lunatics,  with  hypodermic  in- 
jections '  of  physiological  solution  of  the  venom  of  Crotalus 
adamanteus.  .-Ml  patients  were  suffering  from  "essential" 
epilepsy.  The  doses  of  sterilized  venom  were  exactly  gradu- 
ated, and  the  patients  kept  under  observation  for  a  long 
period.  The  results  have  been  striking.  The  treatment  has 
been  favorable  in  almost  every  case,  and  the  number  of  fits 
per  annum  has  been  greatly  reduced.  The  younger  subjects, 
more  generally  healthy,  gave  better  results  than  the  old.  The 
crises  are  arrested  in  their  progression  and  accelerated  in  their 
diminution.  The  number  sometimes  remains  stationary,  or 
continues  to  diminish  after  the  treatment  has  been  stopped. 
No  other  drug  of  any  kind  was  given.  One  case  showed  a 
decrease  in  the  number  of  attacks  from  64S  in  1911  to  148  in 
1913,  after  treatment.  Others  varied  from  a  diminution  of 
64.9  per  cent,  to  only  3.3  per  cent.  Venom  which  had  been 
heated  for  five  minutes  to  100°  was  found  to  be  inert  when 
tried  in  similar  doses.  The  authors  express  no  opinion  on  the 
manner  in  which  these  favorable  results  are  brought  about, 
but  they  note  provisionally  the  following  points.  Those  drugs 
which  give  the  best  results  in  the  treatment  of  epilepsy  either 
act  as  sedatives  on  the  nervous  system,  or  modify  the  viscosity 
of  the  blood.  Those  maladies  which  appear  to  have  a  bene- 
ficial tendency  on  the  disease,  such  as  jaundice,  are  accom- 
panied by  hemoglobinaemia.  (Calmette  and  Mezie,  Comptes 
rend.,  1914,  p.  845;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Sterilized   Distilled  Water — 

It  is  generally  believed  that  w'ater  intended  for  intravenous 
injections,  as  with  salvarsan,  should  be  sterilized  just  before 
use,  in  order  to  destroy  all  bacteria,  which  have  been  shown  to 
play  an  important  role  in  the  secondary  effects  of  the  injections. 
The  objection  has  been  raised  to  this  procedure,  that  it  allows 
the  endotoxins  from  the  bacteria  to  remain  in  the  water.  Bar- 
ladean has  shown  that  sterilization  not  only  leaves  the  endo- 
toxins in  the  water,  but  introduces  many  saline  constituents 
from  the  glass  containers.  The  effect  of  alkali  from  glass 
bottles  on  morphine  and  epinephrin  solutions  is  well  known. 
There  is  also  evidence  from  various  quarters  that  the  ingestion 
of  water  or  other  liquids  containing  silica,  which  would  also 
be  introduced  into  water  by  sterilization,  has  a  constipating 
effect.  Barladean  collected  the  middle  portion  of  some  distilled 
water  from  a  tin-lined  copper  still,  in  a  large  Erlenmeyer 
flask,  which  had  been  carefully  cleansed  and  steamed.  Half 
of  the  water  was  then  placed  in  a  smaller  flask,  and  the  other 
half  in  a  similar  flask,  the  latter,  with  its  contents,  being 
sterilized  for  45  minutes.  In  each  flask  grains  of  wheat  were 
made  to  grow.  After  four  days  the  differences  in  the  plants 
were  striking.  In  the  unsterilized  water,  the  rootlets  were 
short,   while   the   sprouts  were   dark   gray,   soft   and   not   trans- 


lucent. In  the  sterilized  water  the  roots  were  twice  as  long, 
and  the  sprouts  were  pure  white,  translucent,  firm,  and  covered 
with  short  hairs.  The  differences  are  attributed  to  the  presence 
in  the  sterilized  water  of  traces  of  sodium,  potassium,  calcium 
and  silica,  derived  from  the  glass  of  the  flask;  these  substances 
in  some  degree  counteracting  the  harmful  effect  of  the  metallic 
impurities  from  the  still.  Similar  results  were  obtained  from 
Jena,  glass,  quartz,  and  platinum  stills,  and  with  water  sterilized 
in  Jena  glass.  Barladean  thus  thinks  he  has  proved  that  by 
sterilization  the  action  of  the  bacteria  is  avoided,  but  another 
effect  of  unknown  magnitude  is  introduced,  in  the  form  of 
soluble  constituents  of  the  glass.  This  explains  the  so-called 
"thermolability"  of  the  endotoxins,  which  has  nothing  to  do 
with  the  phenomena.  In  conclusion,  Barladean  states  that  for 
biological  and  medicinal  purposes  only  freshly  distilled  water, 
collected  under  aseptic  conditions,  should  be  used,  and  that 
water  subsequently  sterilized  is  not  allowable.  (Barladean, 
Schweiz.  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  205.) 
Physiological  Assays  of  Digitalis — 

Gottlieb  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  physiological  assay  method 
for  digitalis,  consisting  in  finding  the  minimum  dose  produc- 
ing stoppage  of  the  frog  heart,  is  not  a  light  task,  even  in  the 
simplest  forms,  and  that  accurate  and  trustworthy  results  can 
only  be  obtained  if  all  possible  sources  of  error  are  known, 
and  the  results  are  judged  in  the  light  of  long  experience. 
The  method  is  still  far  from  being  so  well  worked  out  that 
simple  directions  can  be  given  to  allow  novices  to  carry  it  out. 
It  thus  resembles  many  chemical  and  analytical  processes, 
which,  in  spite  of  the  simplicity  of  the  principle,  give  good 
results  only  in  the  hands  of  experts.  For  this  reason  the 
author  deems  it  inadvisable  to  recommend  the  adoption  of 
physiological  assays  for  tlie  pharmacist.  Even  when  performed 
by  those  with  biological  training,  the  methods  may  give  erro- 
neous results,  if  sufficient  experience  is  not  also  possessed  to 
avoid  the  numerous  sources  of  error.  (Gottlieb,  Miinch.  Med. 
Wochschr.,  1914,  No.  15.) 
Vanillin  and  Its  Adulterations — 

The  chief  adulterants  are  guaiacol  carbonate,  cumarin,  helio- 
tropin,  benzoic,  salicylic,  and  acetylsalicylic  acids,  acetanilid 
and  phthalic  anhydride.  A  table  of  sintering  and  melting  points 
is  given  for  vanillin  adulterated  in  various  proportions  with 
the  several  adulterants.  If  the  sintering  point  of  a  sample  of 
vanillin  is  found  to  be  abnormal,  adulteration  has  almost  cer- 
tainly been  practiced.  If  chemical  analysis,  taste,  or  odor 
shows  the  presence  of  sugar,  heliotropin,  or  cumarin,  the 
amount  can  be  guaged  approximately  from  the  table.  But 
often  a  mixture  of  substances  has  been  added,  which  intro- 
duces complications.  In  one  case  3  per  cent,  of  cumarin  had 
been  used  as  a  perfume  for  vanillin  adulterated  with  30  per 
cent,  of  acetanilid  or  acetvlsalicylic  acid.  (Lehmann,  Sonderab- 
dnick  Chem.  Ztg.,  1914,  Nos.  36  and  37.) 
Alkaloids  of  Ipecac — 

Hesse  finds  five  alkaloids  in  genuine  ipecac,  whether  wild 
or  cultivated.  Emetine  and  cephaeline  are  most  important  in 
quantity,  and  also  possess  the  greatest  physiological  activity. 
The  others  are  hydroipecamine,  isomeric  with  cephaeline,  and 
psychotrine  and  ipecamine,  isomeric,  and  having  two  hydrogen 
atoms  less  than  the  former  two.  Emetine  is  a  white  powder, 
easily  soluble  in  ether,  alcohol,  and  chloroform.  It  is  dibasic, 
and  forms  well  crystallized  salts.  Four  methoxyl  groups  are 
present.  Cephaeline  contains  three  methoxyl  groups,  and  forms 
salts  similarly  to  emetine.  Psychotrine  forms  glittering  prisms, 
containing  four  molecules  of  water,  has  a  strong  bitter  taste, 
and  easily  causes  nausea.  The  isomeric  ipecamine  is  a  white 
crystalline  powder,  easily  soluble  in  the  usual  solvents.  Hy- 
droipecamine forms  another  white  powder,  easily  becoming 
electrified  by  friction.  It  soon  turns  yellow  in  the  light,  and 
later  dark  brown.  Its  solutions  are  also  highly  sensitive. 
(Hesse,  Annalen,  1914,  Heft  405,  p.  1.) 
Alteration  of  Potassium  Iodide — 

It  is  a  well-known  fact  that  potassium  iodide  which  has 
been  kept  for  some  time  acquires  numerous  reddish  spots  on 
the  surface  of  the  crystals,  even  though  chemical  examination 
proves   no   impurity   is   present.      These   spots   are   often   taken 


322 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


for  traces  of  iodine,  liberated  by  light  and  air.  Van  de  ^"orst 
has  recently  shown  that  they  are  not  a  chemical  phenomenon 
at  all,  but  a  botanical  growth.  Three  kilos  of  pure  potassium 
iodide  were  kept  in  a  store  room  in  a  blue  bottle,  e.\posed  to 
strong  light.  .Vtter  a  time  all  the  crystals  had  taken  on  a 
reddish  color,  and  some  were  entirely  red.  On  heating  some 
of  the  salt  in  a  crucible,  instead  of  Uie  red  color  disappearing, 
which  would  have  been  the  case  had  it  been  due  to  free  iodine, 
the  color  changed  to  black,  and  an  empyreumatic  odor  was 
noticed.  On  dissolving  the  crystals  in  water,  a  colorless  solu- 
tion resulted,  with  a  red  precipitate.  E.vamincd  under  the 
microscope,  the  latter  showed  well  defined  cell-comple.xes,  con- 
stituents of  some  kind  of  mold.  (Van  de  Vorst,  J.  Pharm. 
d'.\nvers,  1P14,  March  31.) 
Simple   Determination   of  B.   Coli  in   Milk — 

The  organisms  are  grown  in  tubes  containing  the  following 
medium,  in  which  gas  is  produced  only  by  organisms  of  the 
Bacillus  coli  type :  Lemco,  S  g. ;  peptone,  10  g. ;  lactose,  10  g. ; 
sodium  chloride,  5  g. ;  sodium  taurocholate,  5  g. ;  gelatin,  120 
g. ;  water,  1000  cc.  Boil,  neutralize  with  sodium  carbonate, 
clarify  and  filter;  then  pour  into  test  tubes,  plugged  with 
cotton  wool,  and  sterilize  at  100°.  Each  tube  should  contain 
about  15  cc.  Ten  cc.  of  milk  are  added  to  990  cc.  of  sterile 
water,  and  thoroughly  mi.\ed.  Quantities  of  1  cc,  0.5  cc,  and 
0.1  cc.  of  the  diluted  milk  are  added  to  a  series  of  tubes  at  a 
temperature  of  40°,  which  are  well  shaken  and  incubated  for 
4S  hours  at  20°,  when  the  gas  bubbles  produced  in  the  medium 
are  counted.  When  the  process  is  carefully  carried  out,  the 
divergence  in  the  number  of  gas  bubbles  in  tubes  from  the 
same  sample,  and  of  the  same  dilution,  does  not  exceed  5  per 
cent,  of  the  total  average.  (MacGinnis,  Brit.  lied.  J.,  1914, 
p.  760;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Determination  of  Alcohol  in  Tinctures — 

Anselmino  has  proposed  a  method  for  determining  alcohol 
in  tincttires,  by  which  the  usual  distillation  is  done  away  with. 
The  specific  gravity  of  the  tincture  being  determined,  as  well 
as  the  amount  of  residue,  the  alcohol  is  proportional  to  the 
specific  gravity  minus  the  residue,  multiplied  by  a  certain 
empirical  factor,  which  is  practically  the  same  for  all  tinctures, 
and  in  the  neighborhood  of  0.0036.  Richter  criticised  the 
method  on  the  ground  that  the  dry  residues  cannot  again  be 
brought  into  solution,  and  that  they  take  no  account  of  the 
volatile  constituents,  which  also  affect  the  specific  gravity. 
Richter  proposed  another  empirical  relation,  which  is  not  con- 
sidered entirely  satisfactory  by  the  authors.  The  latter  base 
their  method  on  the  critical  solution  temperatures  of  the  tinc- 
tures in  benzene,  which  is  completely  soluble  in  the  cold  only 
in  strong  alcohol,  and  gives  turbid  solutions  with  weaker 
spirits.  Ten  cc.  of  tincture  and  2  cc.  of  benzene,  measured  at 
15°,  are  placed  in  a  thick-walled  test  tube,  and  closed  securely 
with  a  cork  carrying  a  thermometer.  The  tube  must  be  strong 
enough  to  withstand  the  vapor  pressure  of  the  liquid  after 
heating,  and  also  to  allow  the  firm  insertion  of  the  cork.  The 
temperature  is  slowly  raised  by  immersion  in  hot  water,  with 
constant  shaking,  and  the  temperature  noted  at  which  the 
solution  becomes  clear.  The  temperature  is  then  allowed  to  fall, 
and  the  point  on  the  thermometer  at  which  turbidity  just 
makes  its  appearance  is  taken  as  the  critical  temperature. 
From  a  table  the  alcohol  strength  can  be  read  off  directly. 
The  table  is  calculated  for  tinctures  prepared  with  dilute 
alcohol  alone  (sp.  gr.  0.892  to  0.896)  and  would  therefore 
appear  to  be  of  limited  usefulness.  The  alcoholic  percentages 
vary  from  51.83  to  63.62  by  weight,  and  59.68  to  71.10  by 
volume.  An  advantage  of  this  method  of  alcohol  determina- 
tion is  that  it  permits  the  detection  of  as  little  as  4  per  cent. 
of  methyl  alcohol,  the  critical  solution  temperatures  of  which 
are  much  higher  than  for  grain  alcohol.  If  the  alcoholic 
strength  found  from  the  table  does  not  agree  with  that  cal- 
culated from  the  dry  residue,  the  specific  gravity,  and  the  cor- 
rection factor  (0.0033),  the  presence  of  methyl  alcohol  may 
be  suspected.  (Mossier  and  Markvis,  Pharm.  Post,  1914,  Xos. 
37  and  39.) 
Preparation  of  Thiosulpliate  Solutions — 

.According  to  Bohrisch,  these  solutions  can  be  kept  for  a 
long  time  without  change,  if  they  are  properly  prepared  and 
stored.  The  water  used  should  be  freshly  distilled,  or  recently 
boiled.  Bottles  should  be  filled  completely,  but  it  is  imma- 
terial whether  they  are  kept  in  a  cool  place  or  at  room  tem- 
perature. If  full,  the  bottles  need  not  be  protected  from  light. 
Under  these  conditions  the  solutions  will  keep  for  at  least  a 


year.  In  brown  bottles,  often  exposed  to  the  air  for  removing 
some  of  the  solution,  the  titer  does  not  change  in  six  months. 
White  bottles,  partly  filled,  and  often  opened,  cause  rapid  de- 
composition with  precipitation  of  sulphur.  (Bohrisch,  Pharm. 
Ztg.,  1914,  No.  36.) 
Reactions  of  Fluidextract  of  Hydrastis — 

For  berberine;  Dissolve  one  drop  of  the  extract  in  10  cc. 
of  fuming  hydrochloric  acid,  add  a  drop  of  hydrogen  peroxide 
solution,  and  sliake.  .•Vfter  5  or  10  minutes  the  mixture  takes 
on  a  violet  color,  which  persists  for  a  long  time  and  is  still 
perceptible  if  diluted  with  hydrochloric  acid  in  the  proportion 
of  1  :  25.  For  hydrastine:  Treat  5  drops  of  extract,  mixed 
with  5  cc.  of  a  5  per  cent,  solution  of  sodium  bicarbonate, 
with  5  cc.  of  ether;  wash  the  ether  with  water,  filter,  and 
evaporate.  Dissolve  the  residue  in  10  cc  of  sulphuric  acid, 
and  treat  with  12  to  15  drops  of  a  1  :  1000  solution  of  per- 
manganate. On  shaking  for  some  time,  the  solution  is  de- 
colorized. Dilute  with  5  volumes  of  water,  and  the  solution 
should  be  colorless  by  transmitted  light  and  should  show  a 
marked  violet  fluorescence  by  reflected  light.  (Gliicksmann, 
Rep.  Pharm.,  1913.) 
Ignition  of  Magnesium  Ammonium  Phosphate — 

The  residue  of  magnesium  pyrophosphate  often  has  a  gray 
color  after  ignition,  which  is  not  removed  by  an  elevation  of 
temperature.  This  has  usually  been  ascribed  to  carbon  from 
the  filter,  or  from  impurities  in  the  ammonia,  for  instance 
pyridine.  Some  experiments  by  Pereira  throw  an  interesting 
light  on  the  question.  Precipitations  were  made  with  an  acid 
magnesia  mixture,  so  as  to  avoid  a  large  amount  of  ammonia 
salts.  Ignition  was  made  in  a  platinum  crucible;  first,  the 
precipitate  being  wet,  and  heated  rapidly ;  second,  under  the 
same  conditions,  with  gradual  heating  at  the  outset ;  and  third, 
after  first  drying  the  precipitate.  .'\11  three  methods  gave  a 
uniformly  white  mass.  .Ammonia  free  of  pyridine  was  used  in 
these  experiments,  and  the  Gooch  filters  were  provided  with 
asbestos  mats.  In  another  series,  a  drop  of  pyridine,  a  trace 
of  paper,  a  drop  of  a  solution  of  ammonium  citrate,  and  a 
trace  of  ordinary  ammonia  water  were  added.  In  each  case  the 
residue  was  gray.  The  white  residues  did  not  attack  platinum, 
and  gave  no  reaction  for  phosphides.  The  gray  residues,  on 
the  other  hand,  showed  partial  decomposition  of  the  phosphate. 
(Pereira,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  p.  469.) 
Origin  of  Chaulmoogra  Oil — 

Until  the  year  1900  it  was  assumed  that  chaulmoogra  oil 
was  derived  from  the  seeds  of  Gynocardia  odorata.  Holmes 
later  showed  that  the  true  oil  came  from  the  seeds  of  Tarakto- 
genos  Kurzii.  At  the  present  time  an  oil  called  "Oleum 
Gynocardiae"  is  on  the  market,  which  can  be  regarded,  how- 
ever, only  as  a  substitute  for  chaulmoogra  oil.  Since  1913  the 
oil  of  Hydnocarpus  Wightiana,  from  Malabar,  has  come  into 
trade  as  G\Tiocardia  oil,  but  differs  from  chaulmoogra  oil  in 
odor  and  fatty  acid  content.  Taraktogenos  Kurzii  grows  in 
the  evergreen  forests  of  Burma,  and  in  Assam,  but  in  no 
other  parts  of  India.  The  genuine  oil  costs  three  times  as 
much  in  India  as  Hydnocarpus  oil,  which  is  sold  at  high 
prices  in  Europe  as  true  chaulmoogra  oil.  (Francis,  J.  Pharm. 
Chim.,  1914,  p.  388.) 
Fate  of  Salvarsan  in  the  Body — 

In  the  first  24  hours  about  9  per  cent,  of  the  arsenic  intro- 
duced circulates  in  the  blood.  It  can  be  detected  in  small 
amount  in  the  spleen,  kidneys,  and  lungs;  in  traces  also  in  the 
heart  and  brain.  Deposition  in  the  skin  increases  gradually, 
until  at  the  end  of  three  weeks  12  per  cent,  of  the  arsenic 
can  be  found.  At  this  period  it  is  contained  in  the  other 
organs  only  in  traces,  and  after  three  months  these  have 
vanished.  The  elimination  takes  place  preferably  by  means 
of  the  digestive  tract  and  the  kidneys,  and  in  slight  amoimts 
also  through  the  skin,  mammary  glands,  and  the  limgs.  (Buma- 
schoff,  Nouveau.x  Remedes,  1914,  p.  159.) 
Ammonia  in  Potassium  Salt — 

The  presence  of  ammonia  in  potassium  iron  tartrate  is  very 
frequent  in  commercial  products.  This  comes  from  the  iron 
hydroxide  used  in  manufacture,  which  is  thrown  down  by 
ammonium  hydroxide,  the  latter  being  incompletely  removed  in 
the  subsequent  washings.  Lemaire  found  ammonia  in  eight 
samples  claimed  to  be  pure.  -According  to  the  supply  houses, 
the  manufacture  of  ferric  potassium  tartrate  entirely  free  of 
ammonia  is  very  difBcult.  (Lemaire,  Rep.  Pharm.,  1913, 
p.  529.) 


July,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


323 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CLIYE  NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department   from   non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if    not    out    of    print,    may    be    obtained    for    25    cents    each. 


MetchnikofiE's  Calomel  Salve. 
(O.D.Co.) — The  preparation  under  the  above  title  does  not 
seem  to  be  extensively  known  to  dispensers  in  this  country, 
although  a  formula  is  given  in  the  British  Pharmaceutical 
Codex  Formulary  under  the  synonym  "Metchnikoff's  Calomel 
Ointment,"  which  we  assume  to  be  the  preparation  wanted, 
the  Latin  title  of  the  same  being  "Unguentum  Hydrargyri 
Subchloridi  Forte,"  and  the  English  name,  "Strong  Mercurous 
Chloride  Ointment."    The  formula  is  as   follows: 

Mercurous    chloride 1   ounce 

Hydrous    woolfat 3  ounces 

This  ointment  is  recommended  by  Metchnikoff  as  a  prophy- 
lactic against  syphilis. 


Bath   Powder. 
(R.C.S.) — The  purpose  of  most  preparations  of  this  char- 
acter is  to  soften  and  perfume  the  water  in  which  the  bath  is 
to   be   taken.     The   following  typical   formulas   are   taken    from 
the  new  Era  Formulary : 

(1) 

Powdered  borax   4  ounces 

Salicylic    acid    1   dram 

Extract  of   cassie 1   dram 

Extract   of   jasmine 1  dram 

Oil  of  lavender 20  minims 

Rub  the  oil  and  extracts  with  the  borax  until  the  alcohol 
has  evaporated,  and  put  into  a  wooden  box.  Use  a  heaping 
teaspoonful  to  the  body  bath,  or  about  one-eighth  teaspoonful 
for  a  face  bath. 

(2) 

Powdered    borax     8  ounces 

Powdered    white   castile   soap 8  ounces 

Essence    of    bergamot 6  fl.  drams 

Essence   of   lemon 3  fl.  drams 

Oil  of  neroli 3  fl.  drams 

Oil   of  petit   grain 8  minims 

Oil  of  origanum 30  minims 

Oil  of  rosemary 30  minims 

Oil    of   rose 5  minims 

Mix  the  powders,  add  the  essential  oils,  and  rub  together  in 
a  mortar.  A  tablespoonful  of  this  added  to  the  bath  water 
gives  the  odor  of  cologne. 

(3) 

Tartaric  acid   10  ounces 

Sodium    bicarbonate    9  ounces 

Rice    flour    6  ounces 

Mix   and   perfume   with  a   mixture   of   the   following   oils: 

Oil  of  neroli 2  drams 

Oil  of  rosemary 1  dram 

Oil  of  bergamot 1  dram 

Oil    of   cedrat 2 '4  drams 

Oil   of   orange 2 '/J  drams 

Mix.  A  fluid  dram  of  this  mixture  is  sufficient  to  perfume 
one  pound  of  the  above  bath  powder. 


Horn    Fly    Repellent. 

(H.D.Co.) — Almost  any  greasy  substance  applied  to  the 
skin  and  the  horns  of  the  animal  will  keep  the  flies  off  for 
several  days.  Among  the  remedies  named  by  the  Bureau  of 
Animal  Industry,  Washington,  D.  C,  for  the  purpose  are 
common  axle  grease,  whale  oil,  train  oil,  carbolized  oil,  etc. 
Mixtures  of  fish  oil  and  tar  have  also  been  recommended. 

In  the  Southwest  these  flies  usually  become  very  abundant 
in  the  Spring  and  again  in  the  Fall,  the  hot  weather  checking 


breeding.  Rainy  seasons  of  the  Spring  and  Fall  are  most 
favorable  and  cause  the  insects  to  appear  in  greatest  numbers. 
The  flies  spend  the  greater  part  of  their  existence  on  the 
animal,  leaving  only  for  a  few  seconds  at  a  time  to  deposit 
eggs  in  freshly  dropped  cow  manure,  in  which  the  larvae 
develop  rapidly.  They  usually  work  downward  to  the  surface 
of  the  earth  and  diere  transform  to  reddish-brown  pupae, 
from  which  the  adult  flies  emerge  in  from  10  to  20  days  from 
the  date  the  eggs  were  deposited.  Under  ordinary  conditions, 
and  where  few  animals  are  kept  on  the  farm,  breeding  can 
be  largely  prevented  by  scattering  the  manure  every  three  or 
four  days.  This  allows  it  to  dry  out  and  thus  prevents 
development  of  the  immature  stages.  The  use  of  manure 
spreaders  has  been  recommended  for  this  purpose.  Where 
animals  are  under  control,  repellent  substances,  such  as  train 
oil,  placed  on  the  parts  most  attacked  have  given  fair  satis- 
faction. All  such  substances  have  to  be  applied  at  frequent 
intervals,  thus  entailing  some  labor  and  expense.  .According 
to  information  furnished  by  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  it 
has  been  found  that  where  dipping  of  cattle  is  practiced 
against  the  Texas  fever  tick,  mange,  or  lice  the  vats  may  be 
provided  with  splash  boards  along  the  sides  so  as  to  turn  the 
spray  over  the  animals  as  they  plunge  into  the  dip  and  thus 
destroy  a  large  percentage  of  the  flies  which  are  on  them. 
For  further  information  concerning  this  pest  we  suggest  that 
you  address  the  director  of  your  State  Experiment  Station, 
as  also  the  Bureau  of  .\nimal  Industry,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Lettering  on  Cloth  or  Canvas. 
(E.E.D.) — The  preparation  of  cloth  or  canvas  for  sign 
painting  depends  somewhat  on  the  ideas  of  the  painter  and 
also  on  the  character  of  the  cloth.  However,  a  practical  sign 
painter  gives  us  the  following  outline:  Before  lettering  on 
canvas  or  duck,  wet  it  thoroughly  with  a  sponge  soaked  in 
water,  wipe  off  the  superfluous  water  and  then  letter  in  oil 
while  damp.  On  muslin  tlie  same  plan  is  followed,  excepting 
that  the  color  is  mixed  with  varnish  and  japan.  When  the 
letterer  is  very  expert,  he  can  use  boiled  linseed  oil,  but  usually 
the  varnish  and  japan  is  the  safer  method.  The  pigment 
(color)  to  be  used  is  left  to  the  judgment  of  the  artist. 
"Laying  off"  may  be  done  with  a  charcoal  crayon  used  very 
lightly,  but  an  outline  faintly  sketched  with  a  lead  pencil  will 
answer  very  well. 


Curd  Soap. 
(P.H.H.) — ."Vccording  to  the  standard  definition,  "curd 
soap"  is  a  soap  made  with  soda  lye  and  a  purified  animal  fat 
consisting  principally  of  stearin.  By  usage,  the  process  has 
been  extended  to  include  the  addition  of  fatty  vegetable  oils, 
as  in  the  formula  given  on  page  287  of  the  Era  Formulary 
to  which  you  refer.  In  this  formula  the  specific  quantity  of 
soda  lye  is  not  given,  except  to  indicate  that  enough  should 
be  used  to  produce  a  clear  jelly  when  the  lye  is  saponified 
with  the  tallow.  The  amount  necessary  is  always  a  variable 
quantity  and  the  manufacturer  must  use  his  experience  and 
judgment  in  preparing  the  soap,  adding  the  solution  cautiously 
until  the  proper  stage  is  reached.  In  the  formula,  the  strength 
of  the  lye  is  given  as  15°  (although  lye  of  other  strength  may 
be  used),  the  figures  referring  to  the  specific  gravity  of  the 
lye  as  indicated  by  the  Beaume  hydrometer.  A  solution  of 
soda  lye  of  15°  would  have  a  specific  gravity  of  about  1.1154. 
In  practice,  a  solution  of  this  strength  is  the  best  to  use,  as 
it  saponifies  readily  with  the  fat,  although  a  stronger  or 
lighter  solution  can  be  employed,  if  desired,  by  taking  less  or 
more  of  such  solutions  as  may  be  needed  to  produce  the 
desired  reaction.  TwaddelPs  hydrometer  is  also  used  in  many 
soap  works  for  measuring  the  strength  of  lye.  A  lye  of  15°B., 
weighing  100  pounds,  will  contain  about  10.05  pounds  of  caustic 
soda,  which,  if  the  soda  be  chemically  pure,  should  saponify 
a  little  more  than  SO  pounds  of  tallow.  Practical  soapmakers 
state  that  tallow  combines  most  readily  with  lye  of  not  much 
over  ]0°B.  in  strength,  if  made  of  low  degree  of  caustic:  but 
when  saponification  his  been  induced,  the  strength  of  the  lye 
can    be   rapidly    increased   up    to   20°B,   or   over.     Coconut    oil 


324 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[July,  1914 


corabihes  most  readily  wjtli  strong  lye.  The  stronger  the  lye 
used,  the  less  water  is  unnecessarily  introduced  into  the  kettle, 
and  the  resulting  soap  more  easily  managed.  On  the  other 
hand,  a  weak  lye,  i.e.,  caustic  soda  dissolved  in  too  large  a 
vclu*B5,.«f  water,  is  apt  to  indm-C^'frothing,"  a  condition  that 
the  practical  soapmaker  has  to  take  into  consideration.  By 
fo'.lowing  the  hints  suggested  and  trying  tlie  process  experi- 
mentally you  sliould  have  no  serious  trouble  with  the  formula, 
which  is  one  frequently  used  by  soapmakers. 


Luminous   Faint. 

(J.F.C.) — Here  are  some  formulas  for  luminous  or  phos- 
phorescent paint  from  the  Er.\  Formulary: 
Orange. 

Mbt  46  parts  of  varnish  with  17.5  parts  of  prepared  barium 
sulphate.   1  part  of  Indian  yellow,   1.5  parts  prepared  madder 
lake,  and  5S  parts  of  luminous  calcium  sulphide. 
Yellow. 

Mi.x  -45  parts  of  varnish  w-ith  10  parts  prepared  barium  sul- 
phate, S  parts  barium  chromate,  and  34  parts  of  luminous 
calcium  sulphide. 

Green. 

ilix  4S  parts  of  varnish  with  10  parts  of  prepared  barium 
sulphate,  8  parts  of  green  chromium  o.xide,  and  34  parts  of 
luminous  calcium  sulphide. 

Luminous  colors  for  artists'  use  are  prepared  by  using  pure 
East  India  poppy  oil  in  the  same  quantity  instead  of  varnish, 
as  directed  in  the  preceding  formulas,  taking  pains  to  grind 
the  materials  as  fine  as  possible.  For  luminous  oil  color  paints, 
similar  quantities  of  pure  linseed  oil  are  used  in  place  of 
varnish.  The  linseed  oil  must  be  cold-pressed  and  thickened 
by  heat.  The  luminous  paints  can  also  be  used  as  wax  colors 
for  painting  on  glass  and  similar  objects  by  adding,  instead  of 
varnish,  10  per  cent,  more  of  Japan  wax  and  S  per  cent,  of 
olive  oil.  The  wax  colors  thus  prepared  may  be  used  for 
porcelain,  which,  after  painting,  is  then  carefully  burned  with- 
out access  to  air.  Paintings  of  this  kind  can  also  be  treated 
with  waterglass. 

It  is  also  possible  for  you  to  make  use  of  the  old-fashioned 
"luminous  vial"  by  dissolving  5  grains  of  phosphorus  in  1 
ounce  of  olive  oil  by  the  aid  of  heat.  Half  an  ounce  of  this 
product  is  poured  into  a  4-ounce  stoppered  bottle  and  shaken 
so  as  to  cover  the  whole  interior  of  the  bottle,  whose  surface 
then  becomes  luminous  in  the  dark.  The  stopper  is  loosened 
occasionally  to  favor  oxidation  of  the  phosphorus  which  is  the 
cause  of  the  luminosity. 


Puller's  Earth  for  Filtering  Oils. 
(T.H.R.) — For  bleaching,  clarifying  or  filtering  of  fats, 
greases  and  oils,  fuller's  earth  is  the  medium  generally  em- 
ployed. The  common  practice  with  mineral  oils  is  to  dry  the 
earth  carefully  after  it  has  been  ground  to  30  to  60  mesh  and 
run  it  into  long  cylinders,  through  which  the  crude,  black 
mineral  oils  are  allowed  to  percolate  slowly.  As  a  result  the 
oil  that  first  comes  out  is  perfectly  water-white  and  much 
thinner  than  that  which  follows.  The  oil  is  allowed  to  con- 
tinue percolating  through  the  earth  until  the  color  reaches  a 
certain  maximum  shade.  With  the  vegetable  oils  the  process 
is  radically  different.  The  oil  is  heated  beyond  the  boiling 
point  of  water  in  large  tanks,  from  5  to  10  per  cent,  of  its 
weight  of  fuller's  earth  being  added,  the  mixture  vigorously 
stirred,  and  then  filtered  off  through  bag  filters.  The  coloring 
matter  remains  w'ith  the  earth,  the  filtered  oil  being  of  a  pale 
straw  color,  provided  the  operation  has  been  conducted  with 
sufficient  care.  Considerable  information  on  fuller's  earth  as 
a  filtering  medium  has  been  published  in  various  bulletins 
issued  by  the  U.S.  Geological  Survey,   Washington,   D.C. 


The  "caking"  of  the  mixture  is  undoubtedly  due  to  the  water 
of  cry.sialization  found  in  ordinary  alum  and  ferrous  sulphate 
(copperas),  and,  on  theoretical  grounds,  these  sahs  should  be 
well  dried  before  being  combined  in  the  mixture,  which  should 
then  be  quickly  enclosed  in  1 -pound  water-proof  pasteboard 
boxes  and  stored  in  a  dry  place.  To  use,  the  boxes  are  thrown 
into  the  fire  in  the  same  manner  as  that  followed  in  using  the 
old-fashioned  hand  grenade.  If  you  will  follow  these  sugges- 
tions we  think  you  will  get  the  best  results  in  using  the  mix- 
ture. One  drawback  to  the  use  of  all  dry  compounds  for  ex- 
tinguishing fires,  however,  is  the  difficulty  experienced  in 
spreading  the  powder  over  the  seat  of  the  fire,  but  in  this 
respect  the  above  mixture  is  probably  as  "workable"  as  any 
of  the  "dry"  class. 


Dry  Fire  Extinguisher. 
(E.F.W.) — The  formula  for  "dry  fire  extinguisher,"  page 
369,  Era  Formulary,  composed  of  alum,  ammonium  sulphate 
and  ferrous  sulphate,  is  given  by  a  number  of  authorities  as 
one  producing  a  satisfactory  product  for  extinguishing  fires. 
The  theory  underlying  its  use  is  based  upon  the  fact  that  when 
the  mixture  is  subjected  to  a  high  degree  of  heat,  the  ammonia 
of  the  ammonium  sulphate  is  liberated,  thereby  displacing  the 
atmospheric  o.xygen  necessary  to  combustion.  The  other  salts 
of  the  mixture,  more  particularly  the  alum,  are  more  or  less 
decomposed  or  melted  by  the  heat,  and  in  this  condition  are 
spread  over  and  cover  the  burning  substance  with  a  fireproof 
film  or  deposit. 


Linimentum  Album:  White  Liniment. 
(A.S.) — "Linimentum  album"  is  one  of  the  synonyms  given 
in  the  National  Formulary  for  "linimentum  terebinthinae 
aceticum"  or  "acetic  turpentine  liniment."  According  to  the 
British  Pharmaceutical  Codex,  the  title  is  also  employed,  but 
the  formula  directed  therefor  differs  materially  from  that  of 
the  National  Formulary,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  following 
(B.P.C.,  page  1236)  : 

Acetic   acid    816  minims 

Oil    of    lemon 144  minims 

Oil    of    turpentine 8  fl.  ounces 

Yolk  and  white  of  egg,  by  volume 2  fl.  ounces 

Distilled  water,  enough  to  make 20  fl.  ounces 

Emulsify  the  turpentine  and  oil  of  lemon  with  the  egg, 
gradually  add  a  portion  of  the  distilled  water,  and  finally  the 
acetic  acid  previously  diluted  with  distilled  water. 

.According  to  Dunglison  ("Dictionary  of  Medical  Science"), 
the  title  has  also  been  employed  as  a  synonym  for  "unguen- 
tum  cetacei,"  and  for  "linimentum  ad  ambustiones"  or  liniment 
of  limewater  (Carron  oil).  In  addition  to  these  preparations, 
the  name  has  been  indiscriminately  applied  to  many  variant 
formulas,  as  reference  to  pharmaceutical  journals  published 
during  the  past  five  or  10  years  will  show.  Here  are  two 
formulas  of  this  character: 

(1) 

Oleic    acid 1  ounce 

Oil    of    turpentine 9  ounces 

Ammonia   water 3  ounces 

Solution  of  potassa 1  ^  ounces 

Water,  enough  to  make 20  ounces 

Mix  thoroughly  by  agitation   in  a  40-ounce   bottle. 
(2) 

White  castile  soap,   in  shavings 13  drams 

Ammonium  carbonate   2  ounces 

Ammonia   water    4  ounces 

Water    60  ounces 

Camphor     2  ounces 

Alcohol    3  ounces 

Oil  of  turpentine 13  ounces 

Dissolve  the  soap  in  3  pints  of  water,  and  the  ammonium 
carbonate  in  the  remaining  12  ounces  of  water  and  the  am- 
monia water.  Mix  these  two  solutions.  Then  reduce  the 
camphor  to  a  thin  paste  with  the  alcohol  and  add  in  small 
portions  to  the  soap  mixture,  agitating  briskly  after  each 
addition.  Then  add  the  oil  of  turpentine  gradually,  thoroughly 
incorporating  after  each  addition  and  continuing  until  an 
enralsion-like  mixture  results. 


Toothache    Gum. 

(M.W.) — The  Era  Formulary  is  authority  for  the  following 
formulas  under  the  above  title: 

(1) 

Venice  turpentine,  Yz  ounce;  paraffin  oil,  4  fl.  ounces;  salol, 
54  ounce;  yellow  wax,  i%  ounces;  alkanet  root,  q.s.  to  color. 
Triturate  together  the  salol,  turpentine  and  oil,  then  add  the 
wax,  previously  melted  and  colored  with  the  alkanet  root; 
allow  to  cool  and  roll  into  sticks  or  pencils. 
(2) 

Paraffin,  3  ounces;  Burgundy  pitch,  3  ounces;  oil  of  cloves, 
1  ounce;  carbolic  acid,  1  ounce.  Melt  the  paraffin  and  pitch 
together  and  stir  in  the  other  ingredients;  when  nearly  cold, 
mix  with  the  cotton  and  cut  into  small  rods;  wrap  in  thin 
waxed  paper,  and  keep  in  small  bottles. 


July,  1914] 


THE   PHAKMACEUTICAL   ERA 


325 


WOMEM  m  PHARMACY 

Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 

How  Shall  the  Woman  Pharmacist  Dress?  —  A  Helpful  Talk  with  the  Editor. 


Taste    and   Appropriateness    and    Their   Effect    Upon   Engage- 
ment of  Professional    Workers — Two  Pertinent  Examples. 

FROM  time  to  time  articles  have  appeared  in  various  phar- 
maceutical publications  emphasizing  the  need  of  careful 
grooming  and  dressing  on  the  part  of  the  pharmacist. 
These  articles  almost  invariably  refer  to  the  male  members  of 
the  profession.  Reminders  are  offered  that  nothing  succeeds 
like  success,  and  that  modest,  even  quiet  elegance  of  attire  is 
in  itself  a  necessity  to  proper  maintenance  of  business  dignity. 

That  the  woman  phar.niacist  has  not  been  considered  in  these 
articles  is  probably  accounted  for  by  the  fact  that  a  regular 
department  for  women  in  the  profession  has  not  heretofore 
been  maintained,  and  that  men  felt  a  natural  reticence  and 
delicacy  about  offering  advice  in  such  matters. 

With  the  graduation  at  this  season  of  the  year  of  large 
numbers  of  charming  young  women,  tlie  question  of  a  suitable 
business  attire  is  timely,  for  a  single  mistake  may  uncon- 
sciously change  the  entire  trend  of  a  lifetime.  To  illustrate 
this  two   examples  will  suffice. 

A  very  bright  and  capable  young  woman  applied  for  a 
position  where  she  knew  help  was  sorely  needed.  She  was 
desirous  of  the  type  of  e.xperience  to  be  gained  in  this  very 
place.  Unfortunately,  however,  in  making  personal  application 
she  dressed  her  hair  in  an  extreme  style  and  wore  long,  showy 
earrings  which  flopped  at  every  movement  of  her  head.  Her 
would-be  employer  at  once  relegated  her  to  the  list  of  impos- 
sibilities, because  he  could  not  conceive  it  possible  that  she 
could  successfully  serve  his  fastidious  customers  without 
offending  their  sense  of  the  proprieties.  She  was  obliged  to 
seek  employment  elsewhere  and  to  accept  a  position  much  less 
desirable.     Had   this   young   lady   made   application,    so   neatly 


and  quietly  dressed  that  neither  garments  nor  ornamentations 
would  have  attracted  attention,  she  would  have  secured  the 
position. 

.Again,  the  owner  of  several  stores  heard  of  a  young  woman 
who  was  so  dissatisfied  with  her  position  that  she  desired  to 
change.  He  went  to  the  store  expecting  to  approach  her  on 
the  subject  but  his  first  impression  was  unfavorable,  so  he 
made  a  couple  of  small  purchases,  the  while  he  sized  the 
situation  up  mentally,  as  to  how  she  would  do  behind  his  own 
drug  counters.  He  paid  for  his  purchases  and  w'ent  out  with- 
out mentioning  his  errand  because  her  lack  of  neatness  had 
not  come  up  to  his  standard. 

A  proprietor  of  a  large  city  drug  store  was  heard  to  give 
unhesitating  tribute  to  a  woman  pharmacist  who  had  been  in 
his  employ  for  years.  He  offered  ready  testimony  to  her 
efficiency,  good  judgment,  and  reliability.  When  questioned 
about  her  dress  he  looked  surprfsed  and  smilingly  said : 
"Well,  really,  I  can  hardly  remember.  I  know  she  always 
looked  the  dignified  business  woman  and  the  lady.  Her  cos- 
tumes I  know  were  suitable  to  her  work,  durable,  and  with- 
out unnecessary  frills  and  furbelows  to  get  taggy.  Of  course 
she  wore  little  jewelry  and  only  that  of  the  simplest  type. 
There  were  never  any  loose  ends  or  gaping  belts.  She  was 
invariably  neat,  immaculate,  and  attractively  attired.  That  is 
all  I  remember  about  it."  This  certainly  offers  a  desirable 
picture  for  reproduction. 

Two  essentials  for  the  woman  pharmacist  are  thoroughly 
comfortable  shoes  and  a  liberal  laundry  allowance.  Service- 
able laboratory  aprons  for  use  during  manufacturing  processes 
are  desirable.  These  may  be  slipped  on  and  off  in  a  moment. 
.A  plainly  marked  umbrella  at  home  and  at  business  will  avoid 
the  embarrassment  of  always  being  at  the  other  end  of  the  line 
from  this  useful  necessity. 


Mrs.  Ednah  Blanche  Anderson. 


THE  .Anderson  Drug  Co.,  of  Dow  City,  Iowa,  is  an  ex- 
ample of  the  best  kind  of  a  partnership,  both  Mr.  and 
Mrs.   .Anderson   are  registered   pharmacists,   and   both   are 

working    together    at    all    times    in    the    interest    of    the    firm. 

Ednah  Blanche  Anderson  began  systematic  study  of  pharmacy 

in  1911,  continuing  until  1913 
with  the  Er.\  Course.  So 
successful  was  she  in  her  pur- 
suit of  pharmaceutical  knowl- 
edge that  the  following  Feb- 
ruary she  took  the  pharmacy 
examination  of  the  Nebraska 
State  Board  and  passed  with 
flying  colors.  She  was  the 
only  one  of  SO  applicants  not 
college  graduates  to  pass. 

Encouraged  by  this  signal 
success  Mrs.  .Anderson,  in 
.April,  took  the  Iowa  ex- 
amination, and,  when  the  re- 
sults were  announced,  was 
rated  second  in  a  class  of  116, 
with  an  average  of  more  than 
88  per  cent. 

In  speaking  of  her  home 
study  as  an  aid  to  her  edu- 
cation  in  things  pharmaceuti- 


Mrs.   Andersox 


cai  Mrs.   Anderson  says: 

"I  heartily  agree  with  Mrs.  Wright,  of  Algona,  Wash.,  who 
says:  'It  is  an  easy  matter  for  one  to  obtain  the  material  for 
study  at  home,  but  it  takes  will-power  and  determination  to 
keep  it  up  day  after  day  and  complete  such  a  technical  course 


as  that  in  pharmacy.'  But  even  though  it  may  become  monoto- 
nous, and  the  outlook  may  seem  discouraging  at  times,  when 
you  have  passed  the  State  Board  examinations  and  look  back 
over  the  effort  required  as  compared  with  the  results,  then 
you  feel  that  it  has  really  been  worth  while  after  all." 


A  Queen  City  College  Graduate. 


MRS.  CAROLINE  WETTERSTROEM,  of  Cincinnati, 
Ohio,  is  one  of  the  recent  successful  students  of  the 
Queen  City  College  of  Pharmacy.  This  latter  school  is 
in  reality  15  years  old,  although  it  is  new  in  name.  The 
president.  Dr.  Frank  Cain,  formulated  an  original  course  of 
individual  instruction  with  or 
without  the  use  of  text-books, 
a  special  graded  course  of  les- 
son notes  being  used.  The 
students  of  this  school  are 
proving  to  be  singularly  suc- 
cessful in  passing  the  State 
Boards.  Students  are  entered 
and  graduated  when  they  are 
ready.  Regular  graduating 
classes  are  not  listed  unless  a 
number   are   ready    at   once. 

Among  the  women  on  the 
teaching  faculty  are:  Prof. 
JIaude  B.  Johns,  who  con- 
ducts her  own  store  at  the 
comer  of  Bramble  and  Cen- 
tral avenues,  Madisonville, 
Ohio,  and  Assistant  Instructor 
Miss  Josephine  Spinning  who 


326 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[July,  191-4 


is  well  qualified  to  give  individual  instruction  and  assist  in 
teaching  the  general  principles  of  pharmacy  and  pharmaceuti- 
cal chemi5ir>-.  .  She  is  the  ow-ner  of  a  prosperous  retail  drug 
store  at  Cleves,  Ohio.  Both  Miss  Spinning  and  Miss  Johns 
are  on  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  college. 

Mrs.  Wettersiroem  has  successfully  passed  the  Kentucky 
State  Board,  and  expected  to  try  the  Ohio  Board  after  com- 
pleting her  college  work. 


A  Brooklyn  College  Gold  Medalist. 


MISS  JENNIE  LOEB. 
of  J4  Third  place, 
Brookh-n,  N.  Y.,  acu 
as  the  efficient  manager  of  the 
W.  Hofert  pharmacy.  223-225 
Hamilton  avenue,  comer  of 
Luquer  and  Henry  streets. 
BrookK-n,  this  being  the  same 
store  where  Miss  Loeb  started 
her  apprenticeship  as  a  phar- 
macist  seven   years   ago. 

After  acquiring  the  neces- 
sary preliminary  knowledge 
and  becoming  deeply  inter- 
ested in  her  work.  Miss  Loeb 
entered  the  Brookh-n  College 
of  Pharmacy,  from  which  she 
graduated  in  due  time  with 
honors,  winning  besides  the 
Anderson  gold  medal. 

iliss  Loeb  is  particularly  well  adapted  to  her  work,  being 
a  fine  student  and  skillful  and  conscientious  in  whatever  she 
u..dertakes. 


Mrs.  Annie  Wiseman,  Pioneer. 


THE  following  interesting  details  concerning  the  work  and 
enterprise  of  Mrs.  .\rme  Wiseman  have  been  compiled 
through  the  kindness  of  Hy.  P.  H\-nson,  of  Hynson  & 
Westcott,  of  Baltimore,  Md.  Prof.  Charles  Caspar!  assisted 
Mr.  Hynson  in  locating  some  of  the  data  given. 

Mrs.  .\rme  Wiseman  conducted  a  drug  store  at  the  comer 
of  Fremont  and  West  Baltimore  streets,  Baltimore,  previous 
to  1870,  and  was  probably  one  of  the  first  women  pharmacists 
in  this  covintry.  She  was  an  English  woman  and  had  assisted 
her  husband,  an  old  pharmacist  and  a  member  of  the  Maryland 
College  of  Pharmacy  .Association,  during  his  lifetime.  .After 
his  death  ilrs.  Wiseman  continued  the  business  quite  success- 
fully for  a  number  of  years.  The  residences  of  many  prominent 
and  wealthy  citizens  of  Baltimore  were  located  near  her  store, 
and  she  had  a  very  fine  class  of  patronage  and  enjoyed  the 
confidence   and  respect  of  her  ctistomers  to  a   marked   degree. 

She  prepared  "Wiseman's  Pulmonic  Drops."  .As  far  as  we 
can  ascertain,  these  were  composed  of  compound  tincture  of 
gentian,  tincture  of  guaiac,  paregoric,  compound  tincture  of 
benzoin,  and  oil  of  anise.  The  alcoholic  strength  of  the  mixed 
tinctures  was  not  great  enough  to  hold  the  oil  of  anise  in 
solution  and  the  combination  resulted  in  an  unsightly  mi.xture; 
it  had  to  be  "well  shaken  before  taken."  The  mode  of  ad- 
ministration was  "a  few  drops  on  a  lump  of  sugar."  Mrs. 
Wiseman  showed  her  good  commercial  instincts  by  charging 
25  cents  for  a  half  ounce  of  this  mixture. 

The  store  was  sold  in  November,  1876,  to  Charles  Caspari, 
Jr.,  who  later  became  professor  of  pharmacy  at  the  Maryland 
College  of  Pharmacy,  and  the  well-known  secretary  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  .Association. 

Professor  Caspari  afterwards  moved  the  store  from  the 
rented  building  on  the  southeast  comer,  where  it  had  been 
located  a  long  time,  to  his  own  building  on  the  northeast 
comer  and  conducted  it  successfully  for  a  number  of  years, 
when  he  disposed  of  the  store  and  retired  from  the  retail 
business. 

Soon  after  the  selling  of  the  store  Mrs.  Wiseman,  although 
more  than  70  years  old,  married  a  widower  about  her  own 
age,  who  had  a  number  of  grown-up  children  and  moved  with 
her  husband  to  a  small  town  near  Norfolk,  \a..  How  long 
she  lived  after  this  second  matrimonial  venture  is  not  known. 

This  store  of  Mrs.  Wiseman's  was  indelibly  fi.xed  upon  the 


writer's  mind  because  of  the  fact  that,  when  a  boy  of  sixteen 
years  he  visited  Baltimore  and,  stopping  in  the  neighborhood, 
ventured  to  go  to  this  store  and  timidly  ask  for  a  stamp.  -A 
handsome  clerk,  rather  large  in  stature,  replied  that  he  had 
none.  When  the  boy  politely  asked  him  if  he  knew  where 
one  might  be  obtained,  the  clerk  very  positively  stated  "At  the 
post  office,"  which  was  at  least  15  squares  away.  This  clerk 
afterwards  studied  medicine  and  practiced  a  number  of  years 
in  Baltimore  and  very  lately  died.  Your  correspondent  could 
never  quite  forgive  him  for  this  unwarranted  treatment. 


FROM  ACROSS  THE  BORDER. 


.Among  the  interesting  women  pharmacists  of  our  sister 
province,  Ontario,  is  Miss  Mabel  Y.  Bentley,  whose  picture 
recently  appeared  in  the  Er-\.  iliss  Bentley  went  into  the 
business  because  it  presented  an  opening  which  attracted  her. 
From  her  experience  she  is  emphatic  in  the  opinion  that  the 
long  hours,  especially  in  smaller  towns,  could  be  shortened 
considerably  if  the  druggist  proprietors  only  thought  so  and 
had  the  courage  to  live  up  to  their  convictions.  She  also 
believes  that  the  Sunday  business  in  these  places  does  not  call 
for  open  doors  all  day  and  that  the  public  could  and  should 
be  educated  to  supply  much  of  their  needs  at  times  consistent 
with  giving  the  drug  store  fraternity  a  needed  Sunday  rest. 

iliss  Bentley  tells  interestingly  of  a  typical  experience  in 
which  a  woman  customer  asked  her  very  earnestly  if  she  didn't 
think  the  women  were  robbing  the  men  of  their  positions  by 
taking  up  drugs.  Our  sister  from  across  the  border  promptly 
assured  her  questioner  she  did  not  and  referred  her  to  the 
number  of  millinery  establishments,  dress-making  parlors,  etc., 
in  our  cities  which  are  now  being  run  entirely  by  men. 

On  another  occasion  while  in  an  American  city  a  doctor 
who  was  nmning  a  drug  store  of  his  own  declared  to  her  that 
the  store  was  no  place  for  a  woman,  that  they  could  not  run 
a  successful  business,  and  insisted  that  men  coming  into  a 
store  did  not  want  a  woman  to  wait  on  them.  Miss  Bentley 
was  promptly  able  to  show  that  the  greater  majority  of  buyers 
are  women  and  that  in  drug-store  goods  women  prefer  to  be 
waited  upon  by  women,  her  own  experience  being  that  in  nine 
cases  out  of  ten  a  lady  can  please  a  man  also  in  serving  him 
as  well  as  a  man  can. 

These  are  oft-repeated  arguments  against  women  in  the 
profession  and  the  counter  arguments  brought  up  in  the  above 
cases  are  worthy  of  remembering  for  possible  use. 


ECHOES    FROM    THE    FIELD. 


Miss  Clara  Hulskamp  has  recently  been  elected  president 
of  the  Louisville  Chapter  W.O.N..A.R.D.,  with  Mrs.  Ernest 
May  as  1st  vice-president;  Mrs.  C.  R.  Manneman,  as  2d  vice- 
president;  Mrs.  P.  H.  Wallner,  treasurer;  Miss  Jeanette 
Schweitzer,  secretary;  Mrs.  K.  O.  Spelger,  chairman  of  press 
committee.  We  are  glad  to  report  that  Miss  Hulskamp's 
brother  who  has  been  so  ill  is  recovering. 


Boston  Chapter  No.  1,  W.O.N..A.R.D..  has  re-elected 
Mrs.  Mary  S.  Cooper  as  its  president,  with  Mrs.  Truman  Hayes 
as  1st  vice-president  and  Mrs.  I.  P.  Gammon  as  2d  vice- 
president,  ilrs.  !Mary  Green  will  serve  as  recording  secretary; 
Mrs.  Gertrude  Bartel  corresponding  secretary;  Mrs.  Gertrude 
Ernst  as  treasurer,  and  Mrs.  Lillian  Connolly  as  auditor.  The 
excellent  work  that  Mrs.  Cooper  has  done  during  the  past  year 
is  a  matter  of  congratulation  to  the  members. 


.A  great  many  are  already  saving  their  vacation  time  and 
money  to  attend  the  N..A.R.D.  Convention  during  the  week 
of  .August  17.  Ever>one  who  goes  is  sure  to  feel  splendidly 
repaid  for  the   effort. 


The  charming  daughter  of  Mr.  Charles  Rehfuss,  Miss  Leon- 
ette  Rehfuss,  has  just  graduated  from  Temple  University, 
Philadelphia. 


Members  of  St.  Louis  branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceti- 
tical  Association  and  their  wives  and  friends  were  escorted 
through  Shaw's  Garden  by  instructors  of  the  botanical  garden. 
The  delegation  was  headed  by  President  J.  A.  Wilkerson  and 
Secretary  Julius  C.  Hoester. 


il'mWiVl^i»!»V*i6V'^i»'*VWA»A»^^^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


The  Lessons  of  Seventy  Years. 


O.     F.     FuLtER. 


OLIVER  F.  FULLER,  of  Fuller  &  Fuller,  wholesale  drug- 
gists of  Chicago,  discusses  his  70  years  in  the  drug 
business  in  a  recent  issue  of  System.  Among  his  inter- 
esting points  are  the  following:  "Most  important  of  all  these 
milestones  along  the  path  business  is  taking  is  probably  the 
invisible  one,  back  20  years  or  more, 
which  points  the  beginning  of  speciali- 
zation. In  our  line,  for  instance,  we 
formerly  made  the  tinctures,  the  plasters 
and  the  powders.  Now  specialized 
machines,  in  the  hands  of  specially 
trained  men,  working  in  specially  built 
factories,  do  this  work  before  we  ever 
see  the  goods.  So  it  is  in  all  business. 
We  are  now  specialists.  This  coupling 
of  specialization  with  shorter  hours  is 
e.xceedingly  important,  for  as  a  result 
we  do  not  learn  the  relative  importance 
of  our  work  with  the  old-time  thorough- 
ness. In  1845,  I,  as  a  salesman,  made 
plasters  I  sold  over  the  counter.  Today 
the  salesman  only  sells.  Hence,  sales- 
men in  '45  knew  more  about  plasters 
than  most  salesmen  do  today.  This  change  also  affects  execu- 
tives and  owners.  Luckily,  business  methods  are  now  being 
collected  and  written  down.  The  experience  of  hundreds  is 
ready  in  print  for  the  man  who  will  read  intelligently  for  an 
hour  a  day — one  hour  out  of  the  six  or  seven  given  him  by 
the  shorter  work  days.  He  can  thereby  know  all  business  and 
besides  be  a  specialist  at  one  task.  By  this  short  application  he 
multiplies  my  opportunities  a  thousandfold.  Hence,  there  is 
no  excuse  for  not  taking  the  time  to  study  out  the  angles  to 
our  work  which  have  been  lopped  off  by  specialization,  no 
need  to  avoid  thinking  out  how  activities  formerly  in  our  field 
are  progressing.  It  is  my  advice,  as  I  look  back  over  my 
70  years  in  business,  to  give  some  of  the  time  freed  by  our 
shorter  hours  to  this  type  of  study.  At  least  let  us  do  so 
until  we  are  sure  we  are  on  the  right  track.  The  present  high 
distributive  costs  should  warn  us  that  we  may  be  on  the  wrong 
track.  This  advice  applies  to  all  at  work  in  this  country, 
from  minor  clerks  to  presidents  in  charge  of  millions.  Such  is 
my  advice.  I  am  willing  to  take  my  own  medicine.  It  may 
be  that  we  old  men  are  too  conservative  for  today's  business. 
But  the   decades  often  carry  a  wise   lesson." 


—  G-.  Henry  Sohrbeck,  whose  drug  store  at  Tnird  avenue 
and  16th  street,  Moline,  111.,  was  a  landmark  of  the  city  for 
years,  celebrated  his  50th  anniversary  as  a  druggist  on  May  19. 
During  this  time  he  has  filled  more  than  226,000  prescriptions 
— originals — not  counting  those  which  have  been  refilled.  In 
the  window  of  the  new  store  in  Fifth  avenue — for  a  new 
establishment,  after  complete  remodeling  and  renovation,  was 
thrown  open  last  November — I\Ir.  Sohrbeck  displayed  on  his 
anniversary  day  his  huge  prescription  books,  together  with  the 
first  prescription  ever  filled  by  the  founder  of  the  business, 
J.  S.  Richards,  with  whom  Mr.  Sohrbeck  began  as  a  partner 
on  May  19,  1864.  The  store  10  years  later  was  changed  from 
Second  to  Third  avenue  and  16th  street,  where  it  remained  for 


George    R.    Tompkins 


nearly  40  years.  In  November  last  the  partnership  between 
Messrs.  Henry  and  George  Sohrbeck  was  dissolved,  and  Henry 
Sohrbeck  opened  a  new  store  in  Fifth  avenue,  after  having 
spent  39  years  and  6  months  in  the  old  Third  avenue  pharmacy. 
In  the  window  with  the  prescriptions  was  displayed  the  first 
scale  used  by  the  founder  of  the  business  when  he  went  to 
Moline  from  New  York  in  1854.  It  is  a  large  scale  nearly 
three  feet  in  height,  and  offered  a  striking  contrast  to  the 
modern   weighing   equipment   of  the  new  store. 

—  Georg-e  B.  Tompkins  has  been  made  assistant  manager 
of   the   New   York   branch    of 

Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  Mr. 
Tompkins  comes  to  this  posi- 
tion from  that  of  traffic  man- 
ager, in  which  capacity  he 
was  in  charge  of  the  order 
and  shipping  entries  at  this 
branch.  He  has  spent  prac- 
tically all  his  business  life 
with  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  and 
has  been  at  different  times  in 
charge  of  various  of  the  New 
York  branch  Departments.  He 
started  with  this  company  in 
December,  1885,  as  a  mail 
boy.  Born  and  brought  up  in 
New  York  City,  as  a  boy  his 
habitat  was  Greenwich  village 
and  he  attended  and  gradu- 
ated from  School  No.  3  at 
Grove  and  Hudson  streets. 
His  home  is  now  in  the 
Washington  Heights  section.  Mr.  Tompkins  has,  in  a  way, 
grown  up  with  the  New  York  branch.  This  first  branch  of 
Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  was  opened  in  January,  1881,  at  60  Maiden 
Lane.  Four  years  later  Mr.  Tompkins  undertook  his  arduous 
duties  in  the  capacity  above  mentioned.  He  went  with  the 
company  to  90  Maiden  Lane  and  is  now  located  at  its  Hudson 
street  address.  His  training  in  its  employ  has  been  broad  and 
varied  and  has  included  every  department  except  finance. 
Needless  to  say,  Mr.  Tompkins  has  a  wide  acquaintance 
throughout  the  drug  trade.  He  is  a  member  of  several  down- 
town clubs — the  Traffic  and  Wool.  He  is  also  a  member  of 
the  Sons  of  the  American  Revolution. 

—  Edwin   Yates  Webb,   the  new  chairman  of   the  House 
judiciary     committee,     is    the    youngest 

chairman  this  Congressional  committee 
has  ever  had.  He  is  a  native  of  North 
Carolina,  where  he  was  born  May  23, 
1872,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  at 
the  age  of  22.  He  was  elected  to  the 
58th  Congress,  when  barely  30  years  of 
age,  and  has  since  served  continuously 
He  is  the  author  of  the  interstate  liquor 
act,  which  became  a  law  over  the  veto 
of  President  Taft,  the  act  giving  each 
State  the  right  to  absolutely  control  the 
liquor  traffic  as  it  wishes.  He  is  also 
the  author  of  the  law  which  requires 
patent  medicine  manufacturers  to  dis- 
play on  the  labels  or  cartons  of  medicine 
the  proportion  of  morphine,  opium, 
cocaine,  alcohol,  or  habit-forming  drug 
contained  in  the  medicine.  Mr.  Webb 
is  married,  and  has  three  children,  and  Mrs.  Webb  is  one  of 
the  most  popular  of  the  younger  hostesses  in  Washington. 


[Edmonston  Photo 
Washington,   D.C.) 


328 


THE    PPIARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


—  Beverley  T.  Galloway,  newly  elected  as  dean  and 
director  of  the  New  York  State  College  of  Agriculture  at 
Cornell  University,  was  for  many  years  at  the  head  of  the 
Bureau  of  Plant  Industry  of  the  United  States  Department 
of  Agriculture,  and  since  1913  has  been  the  Assistant  Secretary 
of  Agriculture.  He  began  his  work  for  the  Government  in 
1SS7  as  assistant  pathologist  in  the  Section  of  Mycology,  a 
department  with  four  or  five  men  working  on  an  appropriation 
of  not  to  exceed  $7000  a  year;  now  as  he  steps  out  of  the 
Government  employ  he  leaves  behind  him  in  tlie  Bureau  of 
Plant  Industr>'  nearly  3000  men  employed  in  a  work  which 
costs  nearly  $3,000,000  a  year,  and  all  this  has  been  accom- 
plished in  2"  years.  It  was  largely  through  Dr.  Galloway's 
instrumentality  that  the  four  big  bureaus  of  Plant  Industry, 
Forestry,  Chemistry  and  Soils  were  formed  and  brought  to 
their  present  usefulness.  He  is  a  native  of  Millersburg,  Mo., 
and  in  early  life  did  considerable  toward  qualifying  as  a  phar- 
macist. He  early  attracted  the  attention  of  Prof.  Samuel  M. 
Tracy,  and  through  Prof.  Tracy's  assistance  Galloway  was 
enabled  to  finish  his  education  at  the  University  of  Missouri, 
where  he  graduated  from  the  Agricultural  College  after  four 
years  of  study. 

—  A.  E.  Wills,  who  has  been  managing  representative  of 
H.  K.  Mulford  Co.  in  Boston  and  vicinity  for  the  past  few 
years,  sailed  June  12  for  London,  Eng.,  to  assume  direction 
of  the  Mulford  interests  in  Great  Britain.  Mr.  Wills  was  bom 
in  Belleville,  Ontario,  and  graduated  from  the  high  school  of 
that  city.  Later  he  was  apprenticed  to  the  retail  drug  business 
w^ilh  R.  Templeton  &  Co.,  of  the  same  city.  Afterwards  he 
entered  the  service  of  W.  Lloyd  Wood,  Toronto,  and  joined 
the  Mulford  force  in  1902  as  traveling  representative  in 
Ontario  and  Quebec.  He  afterwards  represented  the  Mulford 
Company  in  Toledo,  Ohio,  and  vicinity,  in  which  field  he  was 
eminently  successful,  but  was  transferred  to  Boston  to  give 
him  wider  scope  for  his  abilities.  He  has  made  many  friends 
in  Boston  and  is  deservedly  popular  in  drug  circles,  who, 
although  pleased  that  he  has  earned  promotion,  regret  his 
absence  from  their  city.  Mrs.  Wills  and  daughter  accompanied 
him  and  it  is  a  foregone  conclusion  that  he  will  repeat  his 
former  success  as  an  organizer  and  business-getter  in  the 
British  metropolis.  Mr.  Wills  is  succeeded  in  Boston  by  W.  S. 
Tyson,  formerly  branch  manager  for  the  Mulford  Company  in 
Kansas  City,  Mo. 

—  President  Louis  K.  Liggett,  of  the  United  Drug  Co., 
in  speaking  of  business  conditions,  said  that  while  the  sales  of 
the  company  had  shown  an  increase  every  month  of  this  year, 
the  per  cent,  of  increase  during  April  was  the  smallest  of  any 
month  since  the  company  was  started.  The  percentage  was 
12.6.  Since  the  first  of  the  year  tlie  per  cent,  of  increase  has 
been  slightly  over  18.  President  Liggett  states  that  for  the 
first  four  months  of  the  current  calendar  year  the  company 
received  the  largest  number  of  orders  in  its  history,  the  gross 
sales  of  manufactured  goods  showing  an  increase  of  18.1  per 
cent,  over  corresponding  period  last  year.  A  change  for  the 
better  in  general  business  conditions  is  anticipated  by  Mr. 
Liggett  before  the  close  of  the  present  year,  but  until  that 
time  arrives  the  United  Drug  Co.  will  take  no  steps  to  further 
expand  its  business  on  a  large  scale  such  as  opening  new 
stores  and  making  additions  to  plant  account. 

—  Jasper  Fenner,  of  Coldwater,  Mich.,  who  has  circled  the 
globe  twice  during  the  past  eight  years,  and  has  managed  drug 
stores  in  both  China  and  Japan,  visited  friends  in  Coldwater 
in  May.  He  was  married  on  May  28  to  Miss  Anna  Brill  in 
Sharpsburg,  Pa.,  and  then  the  young  couple  started  for  San 
Francisco  by  automobile  where  they  will  sail  for  Tokio,  Japan. 
Mr.  Fenner  began  life  as  a  farm  boy,  then  studied  pharmacy 
and  graduated  from  the  College  of  Pharmacy,  University  of 
Michigan.  He  is  one  of  the  best-known  American  business 
men  in  the  Orient  and  is  at  the  head  of  a  wholesale  drug  house 
in  Tokio. 

—  Ira  "W.  Comstock,  well  known  in  the  drug  business  in 
Connecticut,  has  purchased  a  third  interest  in  the  old-estab- 
lished New  London  drug  firm  of  the  Nichols  &  Harris  Co. 
Mr.  Comstock  has  been  elected  president  and  general  manager, 
and  H.  Ernest  Harris  remains  as  treasurer.  Mr.  Comstock 
was  for  four  years  treasurer  of  the  Tracey  Co.  and  for  the 
past  10  years  has  been  president  of  the  Comstock  Co.,  which 
is  putting  out  a  well-known  saline  laxative.  He  will  still 
manage  this  company  in  addition  to  his  work  with  the  Nichols 
&  Harris  Co. 


—  Oscar  A.  Sebastian,  a  Cincinnati  druggist,  and  his 
wife,  who  was  formerly  Miss  Dorothy  Durand,  daughter  of 
Dr.  J.  A.  Durand,  of  Cincinnati,  have  just  announced  that  they 
had  been  married  five  years  ago  at  Springfield,  Ohio,  while 
Miss  Durand  was  visiting  relatives  there.  Following  the  an- 
nouncement, which  naturally  took  friends  of  the  couple  off 
their  feet,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Sebastian  departed  for  the  East  on  a 
belated  honeymoon  trip.  Mr.  Sebastian  has  a  prosperous  drug 
business  at  Fourth  and  Main  streets  in  Cincinnati. 

—  J.  T.  Selman,  who  for  the  past  three  years  has  been 
connected  with  the  prescription  department  of  the  Elkin  Drug 
Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  has  purchased  the  W.  P.  Smith  pharmacy 
at  116  Capitol  avenue.  The  store  has  been  remodelled  and 
will  be  operated  as  Selman's  pharmacy.  Mr.  Selman  was 
"raised''  in  a  drug  store,  as  his  father,  J.  L.  Selman,  of 
Douglasville,  has  operated  one  of  the  best  drug  stores  in  the 
State  there  for  a  number  of  years.  Young  Mr.  Selman  is  a 
college  graduate. 

—  C.  C.  Wilkins,  a  Chicago  druggist,  of  127  West  North 
avenue,  w:is  held  up  and  robbed  recently  by  two  gunmen,  cash 
and  jewelry  to  the  total  value  of  $2000  being  taken  from  him. 
As  the  men  left  the  store  Wilkins  seized  a  shot-gun  from 
behind  a  counter  and  gave  chase,  firing  as  he  ran.  The  rob- 
bers returned  the  fire  with  their  revolvers,  but  Wilkins  con- 
tinued the  pursuit  and,  as  the  men  reached  Wells  street,  fired 
his  final  shot.  One  of  the  robbers  fell  to  the  sidewalk  with  a 
buckshot  wound  in  the  back,  while  the  other  jumped  on  a  car 
and  escaped. 

—  James  P.  Derby,  proprietor  of  the  drug  store  at  782 
Main  street  in  the  Fitchburg  (Mass.)  Hotel  block,  is  the  dean 
of  Fitchburg  pharmacists.  June  1  was  the  47th  anniversary 
of  his  opening  a  drug  store  in  the  American  House  block  in 
that  city,  later  removing  to  a  store  at  the  comer  of  Main  and 
Prichard  streets.  After  conducting  a  drug  store  in  Boston  for 
some  years  Mr.  Derby  returned  to  Fitchburg,  where  he  has 
since   been  engaged  in  business. 

—  Edmund  S.  Thatcher,  well-known  Milwaukee  druggist, 
located  at  334  Ogden  avenue,  has  been  married  to  Miss  Eugenie 
Trumpff,  a  prominent  young  society  lady  of  Milwaukee.  The 
wedding  service  was  attended  only  by  the  members  of  the 
immediate  family  and  relatives  and  was  followed  by  a  dinner. 
The  bride  was  attended  by  her  sister,  Mrs.  Enno  Schmidt, 
as  matron  of  honor,  and  J.  Stanley  Thatcher,  a  brother  of  the 
groom,  was  best  man. 

—  'Walter  Henrion,  proprietor  of  a  drug  store  at  Central 
avenue  and  Main  street,  Wichita,  Kan.,  distinguished  himself 
at  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Kansas  Ph..\.,  and  made  a  record 
as  a  spellbinder  of  the  first  class.  Mr.  Henrion  entered  the 
convention  after  it  had  voted  to  meet  next  year  at  Indepen- 
dence, but  after  his  speech,  inviting  the  druggists  to  meet  at 
Wichita  next  May,  another  vote  was  taken,  and  not  a  single 
ballot  was  cost  against  his  proposal  to  change  the  meeting- 
place  to  Wichita. 

—  Charles  Harding,  of  Cincinnati,  president  of  the  Ohio 
Valley  Druggists'  Association,  attended  the  recent  meeting  of 
the  organization  held  at  St.  Marys,  Ohio,  presiding  over  its 
deliberations.  There  were  a  number  of  interesting  addresses, 
including  talks  by  Governor  James  M.  Cox  and  Congressman 
G.  H.  Goeke,  the  latter  speaking  on  the  price-maintenance 
bill  now  before  Congress.  While  in  St.  Mary's  Mr.  Harding 
w^as  the  guest  of  Theodore  Seiwert,  at  the  Idlewild  Club. 

—  W.  T.  Black,  of  Kansas  City,  presided  at  the  sessions  of 
the  Mississippi  Valley  Drug  Jobbers'  Association  in  St.  Louis 
in  the  latter  part  of  May,  when  about  60  wholesale  druggists 
were  present.  New  laws,  the  Harrison  bill,  the  Boylan  and 
Walters  bills  in  New  York  State,  and  the  Stevens  and  Metz 
(price  maintenance)  bills  were  discussed.  M.  Cary  Peter,  of 
Louisville,  was  toastmaster  at  the  banquet.  This  was  the 
fifth  conference  of  the  kind  to  be  held  in  St.  Louis. 

—  H.  H.  'Whyte,  sales  manager  for  the  H.  K.  Mulford 
Co.,  426  South  13th  street,  Philadelphia,  accompanied  by  Mrs. 
Whyte  and  Master  Lawrence  Whyte,  sailed  on  the  steamer 
5(.  Paul  June  12  for  London,  Eng.,  where  Mr.  Whyte  will 
direct  some  changes  in  the  London  branch  of  this  concern. 
Mr.  Whyte  returns  the  latter  part  of  July,  but  Mrs.  Whyte  and 
Master  Lawrence   will  spend  the   Summer  in   Scotland. 

—  Dr.  Charles  T.  George,  a  prominent  retail  druggist  of 
Harrisburg,  Pa.,  and  proprietor  of  the  pharmacy  at  1301  North 
Third    street,    that    city,    recently    underwent    a    very    serious 


JLT.Y,    1914] 


THE    PHARIMACEUTICAL    ERA 


329 


abdominal  operation,  but  his  condition  is  reported  as  being 
steadily  improving.  Dr.  George  is  69  years  old,  and  aside 
from  being  the  oldest  pharmacist  in  Harrisburg,  was  for  many 
years  secretary   of   the   State  Pharmaceutical   Board. 

—  Louis  Webber,  a  druggist  at  3463  Lorimer  street,  Den- 
ver, Col.,  was  held  up  in  his  store  recently  by  three  high- 
waymen who  took  his  watch  and  the  contents  of  the  cash 
register,  and  fled.  The  men  entered  the  store  as  Mr.  Webber 
was  about  to  close  it  for  the  night,  and  while  one  held  him 
the  others  tied  him  up  with  towels  and  handkerchiefs,  after 
thrusting  a  gag  in  his  mouth. 

—  Dr.  Charles  H.  Kimberly,  for  a  number  of  years  pro- 
fessor of  analytical  chemistry  in  the  Department  of  Pharmacy 
with  the  Medico-Chirurgical  College,  Philadelphia,  has  resigned 
as  a  member  of  the  college  faculty.  He  was  banquetted  by  his 
fellow  members  of  the  faculty  at  the  Union  League,  Philadel- 
phia, and  was  presented  with  a  massive  silver  loving  cup, 
inscribed  with  the  names  of  the  diners. 

—  W.  G.  Peterson,  a  druggist  employed  at  Partin's  up- 
town drug  store,  High  and  Canal  streets,  Petersburg,  Va.,  was 
shot  and  seriously  injured  by  negro  hold-up  men  who  entered 
the  store  and  snatched  the  cash  from  the  day's  sales  from  the 
register.  Mr.  Peterson  hurried  after  the  thieves  and  just  at 
the  door  one  turned  and  fired  three  shots  at  the  druggist,  all 
three   taking   effect. 

—  I.  N.  Morton,  founder  of  the  Wright  Drug  Co.,  Mil- 
waukee, has  been  visiting  the  Wisconsin  city  recently,  with 
Mrs.  Morton.  In  1858  Mr.  Morton  opened  a  drug  store  in 
the  present  location  of  the  Wright  Drug  Co.  pharmacy,  and  a 
few  years  later  S.  A.  Eckstein  began  working  for  him  as  an 
errand  boy.  Today  Mr.  Eckstein  is  president  of  the  company, 
and  Mr.  Morton  resides  at  Tampa,   Fla. 

— •  W.  S.  Tyson,  who  has  had  supervision  of  salesmen  in 
Kansas  City  and  vicinity  for  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.  for  the  past 
four  years,  has  been  transferred  to  Boston  to  succeed  A.  E. 
Wills.  The  latter  will  shortly  sail  for  London,  England,  to 
assume  charge  of  the  Mulford  interests  in  Great  Britain. 
W.  L.  C.  Nichols,  of  Detroit,  Mich.,  has  succeeded  Mr.  Tyson 
in  Kansas  City. 

— .S.  B.  J:'enick,  until  recently  with  the  drug  importing 
house  of  J.  L.  Hopkins  &  Co.,  as  treasurer,  is  the  head  of  a 
new  company  at  Marion,  S.  C,  which  will  deal  in  roots,  barks, 
herbs  and  seeds  under  the  firm  name  of  S.  B.  Penick  &  Co. 
The  firm  will  have  a  New  York  office  at  38  Park  place.  Mr. 
Penick  is  president,  A.  Blanton  vice-president  and  W.  W.  Guy 
secretary. 

—  Dr.  J.  W.  Burns,  of  Soudan,  Minn.,  formerly  of  Oak- 
field,  Wis.,  has  disposed  of  his  interests  in  the  Burns  Brothers' 
drug  store  in  Oakfield  to  his  nephew,  Walter  C.  Burns,  a 
recent  graduate  of  the  pharmacy  department  of  the  University 
of  Wisconsin.  Thomas  Bums,  a  brother  of  Dr.  Bums,  is  the 
other  partner  in  the  business.  The  store  has  been  in  operation 
since  1878. 

—  Oscar  C.  Ebinger,  a  druggist  at  2659  West  Chicago 
avenue,  Chicago,  was  alone  in  his  store  at  night  recently 
when  two  men  entered,  pointed  revolvers  at  him,  and  ordered 
him  to  "Throw  up  your  hands!"  He  did  so,  and  the  men 
took  $90  from  the  till  of  the  cash  register  and  ran  out  of  the 
place.  The  police  were  notified,  but  the  men  made  good  their 
escape. 

—  Herbert  B.  Harding,  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the 
Humphrey's  Homeopathic  Medicine  Co.,  and  the  president  of 
the  Drug  Club,  sailed  on  the  Vaterland  of  the  Hamburg- 
American  line  for  a  six  weeks'  holiday  in  Paris  and  in 
Switzerland.  Mrs.  Harding  accompanied  him.  This  is  the 
first  long  vacation  Mr.  Harding  has  taken  in  a  number  of 
years. 

—  Alvin  H.  Korn,  an  Easton,  Pa.,  retail  druggist,  was 
married  on  June  2  to  Miss  Beulah  E.  Brown,  of  221  N.  Ninth 
street,  AUentown,  Pa.,  by  Rev.  B.  L.  Romberger.  After  the 
ceremony  the  couple  left  for  an  automobile  trip  to  Easton, 
w-here  they  took  up  their  residence  in  their  newly-furnished 
home  at   1131   Northampton  street. 

—  Charles  A.  West,  vice-president  of  the  Eastern  Drug 
Co.,  and  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee  of  the  N.W. 
D.A.,  sailed  for  Europe,  with  Mrs.  West,  on  the  return  trip 
of  the  Aquilania.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  West  e.xpect  to  be  absent 
about  three  months,  and  will  spend  most  of  their  time  in 
Norway,  Sweden  and  Russia. 


—  Frank  J.  Butler,  of  Pontiac,  111.,  entertained  the  mem- 
bers of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  recently  at  a  dinner  at 
the  Phoeni.x  Hotel,  Pontiac.  Those  present  were:  President, 
F.  T.  Provost;  vice-president,  L.  L.  Mrasek;  J.  B.  Michels, 
El  Paso,  and  T.  D.  Gregg,  Harrisburg.  Mr.  Butler  is  a 
member  of   the   State  Board. 

—  Fay  M.  Sieg,  a  retail  druggist,  501  North  Noble  street, 
Indianapolis,  was  held  up  recently  by  four  men,  but  fought 
them  off.  He  bought  two  revolvers  to  protect  himself  and  some 
one  broke  into  the  store  and  took  one  of  the  revolvers.  On  the 
night  of  June  7  some  one  entered  the  store  again  and  took 
$111    and  valuable  papers. 

—  W.  B.  Allen,  a  Palmyra,  Mo.,  druggist,  was  painfully 
burned  recently  by  the  explosion  of  alcohol,  and  but  for  a 
fortunate  accident  might  have  been  burned  to  death.  He 
attempted  to  pour  two  ounces  of  alcohol  into  a  compound 
over  an  alcohol  flame,  w'hen  the  liquid  exploded,  spattering 
him  from  head  to  foot  with  the  burning  fluid. 

—  Harry  A.  Moore,  president  of  the  Pitman-Moore  Co., 
Indianapolis,  has  been  named  by  Gov.  Samuel  L.  Ralston  to 
represent  the  State  of  Indiana  at  the  International  Veterinary 
Congress  in  London,  .'\ug.  3-8.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Moore  sailed 
from  New  York  for  Europe  June  12  and  will  spend  the 
Summer  abroad. 

—  Roy  Williams,  pharmacist  at  Friedenburg's  pharmacy, 
Winfield,  Kan.,  won  the  first  prize  at  the  recent  meeting  of  the 
Kansas  Ph.A.  for  the  best  display  of  products  made  at  the 
prescription  counter.  Mr.  Williams  had  six  entries  in  the 
display.  The  judges  were  J.  M.  Brunt,  Charles  Joslin  and 
A.  M.  Petro. 

—  William  C.  Alpers,  dean  of  the  Cleveland  School  of 
Pharmacy,  read  a  paper  on  "The  New  Pharmacopoeia"  at  a 
recent  meeting  of  the  Cleveland  Academy  of  Medicine.  The 
paper  was  received  with  great  favor  and  was  discussed  at 
some  length   by   leading  physicians  and  pharmacists. 

— .  E.  B.  Patton,  druggist  at  Waupun,  Wis.,  recently  cele- 
brated the  30th  anniversary  of  his  connection  with  the  drug 
business  in  Waupun  by  holding  a  reception  in  his  newly  re- 
furnished and  redecorated  store.  Exactly  1800  people  visited 
the  store,  and  each  visitor  was  given  a  souvenir. 

—  E.  M.  Neal,  of  the  Spurlock-Neal  Co.,  wholesale  drug- 
gists of  Nashville,  Tenn.,  was  a  recent  visitor  in  New  York 
City,  doing  extensive  buying  of  lioliday  goods.  The  Spurlock- 
Neal  Co.  makes  a  specialty  of  toys  and  similar  holiday  goods, 
and  this  is  the   wholesalers'   buying  season. 

—  Charles  J.  Sittel,  who  has  been  connected  with  the 
McPike  Drug  Co.,  for  many  years,  was  a  recent  New  York 
City  visitor.  Together  with  Thomas  G.  Hatcher,  of  Kansas 
City,  he  has  entered  the  drug  and  chemical  brokerage  business 
with  headquarters  in  Kansas  City. 

—  Henry  E.  Horn,  proprietor  of  the  E.  A.  Horn  pharmacy, 
at  65  Main  street,  Oshkosh,  Wis.,  was  married  in  Milwaukee 
recently  to  Miss  Sarah  J.  Frazer,  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Robert  E.  Frazer,  of  Milwaukee,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Horn  visited 
the  Rexall  convention  at   Atlanta. 

—  George  L.  Baldauf,  the  Milwaukee  druggist,  has 
awarded  contracts  for  the  erection  of  a  new  store  at  North 
avenue  and  35th  street.  The  store  and  entire  building  will 
be  modem  in  every  respect  and  will  be  one  of  .the  finest  on  the 
Milwaukee  Northwest  side. 

—  L.  A.  McKnight,  a  druggist  at  Rosendale,  Wis.,  for  the 
past  18  years,  has  moved  to  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.,  where  he 
and  his  wife  will  make  their  future  home.  H.  O.  Lengelsen, 
a  partner  in  the  McKnight  pharmacy  at  Rosendale,  is  now 
conducting  the  business. 

—  Dr.  Charles  H.  Kimberly,  professor  of  analytical 
chemistry  at  the  Medico-Chirurgical  College,  Philadelphia, 
since  1907,  resigned  on  June  1  to  become  a  member  of  the 
staff  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  Department  of  Agriculture, 
Washington,   D.   C. 

—  G.  L.  Vander  Veer,  advertising  manager  for  the  Nor- 
wich Pharmacal  Co.,  of  Norwich,  N.  Y.,  recently  paid  a  hur- 
ried visit  to  the  trade  in  New  York  while  en  route  to  the 
American- Medical  Association  meeting  at  Atlantic  City. 

—  Clyde  V.  Hudson,  honor  man  of  the  California  Col- 
lege of  Pharmacy,  class  of  1913,  who  has  just  completed 
his  post-graduate  course,  has  accepted  a  position  as  chemist 
with  the  Langley  &  Michaels  Co.,  of  San  Francisco. 


330 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


—  William  A.  Carpenter,  of  Philadelphia,  entertained  25 
members  of  the  Philadelphia  Drug  Club  at  the  Summer  club- 
house of  the  Delaware  Saengerbund  recently.  A  chicken  and 
waffle  dinner  was  a  feature  of  the  day's  programme. 

—  Harry  S.  Noel,  a  member  of  the  executive  staff  of  Eli 
Lilly  &  Co..  Indianapolis,  was  married  June  10  to  Jliss  Nellie 
Kathleen  Covert.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Noel  will  be  at  home  in 
Indianapolis  after  Sept.  1  at  242  West  32d  street. 

—  Prof.  S.  F.  Acre,  of  the  department  of  chemistn-  of 
Johns  Hopkins  University,  Baltimore,  has  been  appointed  chief 
of  the  chemical  division  of  forest  products  laboratory  of  the 
Forest  Service,  U.S.  Department  of  Agriculture. 

—  Goddard  Gehring,  who  is  one  of  the  owners  of  the 
Southwestern  Drug  Co.,  and  formerly  a  druggist  of  Douglas 
avenue,  Wichita,  Kan.,  but  who  went  to  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
about  two  years  ago.   has  returned  to  Wichita. 

—  Miss  Irma  C.  McGrath,  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Robert  McGrath.  of  Lafayette,  Ind..  was  married  to  William 
Hanley,  Indianapolis  June  9.  Mr.  Hanley  is  employed  by  the 
Eli  Lilly   Company,  Indianapolis. 

—  Theodore  B,.  L.  Loud,  who  for  a  number  of  years  was 
connected  with  the  drug  and  chemical  trade  and  with  the 
pharmaceutical  press,  is  now  associated  with  the  Butterick 
Trio   in   the  New   York  offices. 

—  Burton  J.  Cassady  has  been  appointed  by  President 
Wibon  as  postmaster  at  West  Terre  Haute,  Ind.  Mr.  Cassady 
is  a  member  of  the  Indiana  State  Board  of  Registration  and 
Examination   in   Pharmacy. 

—  K.  T.  Gibbs  is  the  president  of  the  newly  incorporated 
Leuisiana-Te.\as  Drug  Co.,  of  Shreveport,  La.,  which  will  be 
open  for  business  as  a  wholesale  house  on  Sept.  1,  if  the  present 
plans  are  carried  out. 

—  Edward  Trippe,  Philadelphia  representative  of  Ungerer 
&  Co.,  of  New  York,  was  married  recently  to  Miss  Alice  Pat- 
tison,  of  Easton,  Md.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Trippe  will  make  their 
home  in  Germantown. 

—  Edouard  S.  Houle,  pharmacist  at  the  Lowell  pharmacy, 
Lowell,  Mass.,  was  married  in  Compton,  Quebec,  recently  to 
Miss  Gilberte  St.  Marie,  the  daughter  of  Mayor  St.  Marie,  of 
Moss  River,  Quebec. 

—  F.  Dieckerhofif  is  the  head  of  a  new  wholesale  drug 
company  in  Harana,  Cuba,  under  the  firm  name  of  F.  Diecker- 
hoff  &:  Co.  Dr.  C.  J.  Goltz  and  F.  Walther  are  associated 
with  him. 

—  Herman  Rosenbaum,  the  junior  partner  of  the  Mt. 
A'emon,  Ind.,  drug  firm  of  D.  &  H.  Rosenbaum,  has  been  re- 
elected unanimously  as  a  member  of  the  school  board  of  his 
city. 

—  Otto  J.  Biebinger,  secretary  of  the  Mallinckrodt  Chemi- 
cal Works,  with  Mrs.  Biebinger,  and  L.  O.  Ellis,  Mexican  rep- 
resentative of  the  M.C.W.,   were  New   York  visitors  recently. 

—  Charles  F.  Cutler,  president  of  the  Eastern  Drug  Co., 
who  has  been  abroad  for  three  months  with  Mrs.  Cutler,  re- 
turned to  New  York  on   the  maiden  trip  of  the  Aquitania. 

—  W.  J.  Sturgeon,  the  Kittanning,  Pa.,  druggist,  and 
member  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Pittsburgh  Ph..\., 
has  purchased  a  drug  store   in   Ford   City  as  an   investment. 

—  Howard  B.  French,  of  Philadelphia,  was  a  delegate 
from  the  Philadelphia  Chamber  of  Commerce  to  the  Lake 
Mohonk  Conference  on  International  Arbitration. 

—  George  D.  Feidt,  president  of  George  D.  Feidt  &  Co., 
manufacturing  chemists  of  Philadelphia,  is  reported  as  con- 
valescent from  a  recent  illness. 

—  H.  H.  Whyte,  sales  manager  for  the  H.  K.  Mulford 
Co.,  of  Philadelphia,  sailed  for  Scotland  early  in  June  on 
business  for  his  company. 

—  Walter  Bade,  formerly  of  Plymouth,  Wis.,  now  of  Bil- 
lings, Mont.,  is  to  return  to  Plymouth  with  his  wife,  and 
open  a  pharmacy  in  that  city. 

—  Robert  J.  Gates,  of  New  York  City,  has  become  the 
American  representative  of  the  Hamburg  firm  of  Schutz  &  Co., 
dealers  in  crude  drugs. 

—  Hugh  H.  O'Rourke,  a  Worcester,  Mass.,  druggist,  has 
armounced  his  candidacy  for  the  Democratic  nomination  for 
Congress  in  his  district. 

—  Charles   E.    Mathews,   manager   of   Sharp   &   Dohme's 


Chicago  branch,  was  a  recent  visitor  to  French  Lick  Springs, 
Ind.,  on  an  outing. 

—  Frank  W.  Fuller,  proprietor  of  Fuller's  pharmacy, 
Pittsfield,  Mass.,  has  been  married  to  Miss  Lura  H.  Hager,  at 
Brattleboro,  \"t. 

—  Cassius  M.  Church,  for  years  a  druggist  in  Belvidere, 
Iowa,  is  a  candidate  for  the  Boone  county  treasurership  as  a 
Republican. 

—  J.  M.  Miller  is  named  as  one  of  the  incorporators  of 
the  .Xddiline  Medicine  Co.,  a  new  $25,000  Columbus,  Ohio, 
corporation. 

—  Secretary  B.  E.  Pritchard,  of  the  Pennsylvania  Ph. A., 
was  a  visitor  in  New   York  City  last  month. 

—  F.  W.  Meissner,  a  retail  druggist  of  Laporte,  Ind.,  has 
been  several  weeks  in  Philadelphia. 

—  John  W.  Davis,  Jr.,  a  Dorchester,  Mass.,  druggist,  lost 
his  father  by  death  recently. 

—  Charles  Gietner  has  been  made  president  of  the  Mis- 
souri  Board   of   Pharniacv. 


Obituaries 


Henry  H.  Lyman. 
Henry  H.  Lyman,  president  of  the  wholesale  drug  house  of 
Lyman's,  Ltd.,  Montreal,  one  of  the  best-known  drug  houses 
in  Canada,  was  a  victim  in  the  "Empress  of  Ireland"  disaster 
in  the  St.  Lawrence  River,  May  29.  Mrs.  Lyman  also  died 
in  the  wreck.  Mr.  Lyman  was  a  native  of  Montreal,  where 
he  was  bom  Dec.  21,  1S54.  He  was  a  B.A.  of  McGill  Univer- 
sity from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1876  with  the  Logan 
medal.  His  business  career  began  with  Lyman's,  Clare  &  Co., 
wholesale  druggists,  of  Montreal.  When  he  became  a  partner 
in  1895  the  name  was  changed  to  Lyman,  Sons  &  Co.,  and 
later  when  the  firm  of  Lyman  Bros.  &  Co.  was  converted  into 
a  stock  company  he  became  vice-president.  On  the  death  of 
his  father  he  took  the  presidency  of  the  Toronto  house  as 
well  as  the  senior  partnership  in  the  Montreal  concern.  He 
was  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Imperial  Federation  League 
in  Canada,  vice-president  of  the  Graduates'  Society  of  McGill, 
a  fellow  of  the  Royal  Geographical  Society  and  of  the  Royal 
Colonial  Institute,  and  was  life  governor  of  the  Montreal 
General  Hospital.  The  firm  has  been  a  member  of  the  N.W. 
D.A,  for  many  years.  Mr.  Lyman  was  actively  interested  in 
many  other  organizations,  and  in  the  development  of  trade 
interests  in  Canada ;  was  a  military  veteran  with  a  long  service 
record  and  at  the  time  of  his  retirement  in  1891,  was  senior 
major  of  the  Royal  Scots,  now  the  Royal  Highlanders. 


David  I/.  Bradt. 
David  L.  Bradt,  for  years  well  and  favorably  known  by  the 
druggists  of  New  England,  died  recently  at  Passaic,  N.  J., 
from  acute  Bright's  disease.  He  was  born  in  November,  1858, 
in  Litchfield,  N.  H.,  and  after  leaving  the  Massachusetts  College 
of  Pharmacy,  was  employed  for  several  years  at  the  old  Theo- 
dore Metcalf  store  in  Boston,  later  engaging  in  business  in 
Worcester.  He  was  known  to  the  trade  as  the  organizer  of  the 
Apothecary  Publishing  Co.,  and  for  three  years  was  its  treas- 
urer. Since  1909  he  had  been  interested  in  the  manufacture 
of  fancy  paper,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  he  was  operating 
a  factory  of  this  kind  at  Passaic. 


Burtus    Overton. 

Burtus  Overton,  a  prominent  druggist  of  Antioch,  111., 
dropped  dead  recently  just  after  arising  from  bed.  He  was 
village  clerk  of  the  corporation  and  had  lived  in  Antioch  for 
many  years.  On  the  day  of  his  funeral  all  the  stores  and  other 
places  of  business  were  closed  as  a  mark  of  respect,  and  the 
services  were  unusual  in  that  a  Methodist  clergyman  preached 
the  funeral  sermon  at  the  house,  a  Catholic  priest  officiated  at 
the  grave,  and  the  supervision  of  the  services  as  a  whole  was 
in  the  hands  of  the  Masonic  order. 


—  James  J.   Ottinger,  of  Philadelphia,  who  for  34  years 

conducted  a  drug  store  and  manufacturing  chemical  plant  at 
20th  and  Spruce  streets,  that  city,  died  last  month  from  pneu- 
monia.   He  was  a  native  of  Mt.  Holly,  N.  J.,  a  graduate  of  the 


July,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


33] 


Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy,  and  later  the  manager  for 
John  Wyeth  &  Son.  He  later  came  to  New  York  City  as  the 
manager  for  the  Caswell,  Hazard  Co.  Thirty-four  years  ago 
he  went  back  to  Philadelphia  and  opened  a  store  at  20th  and 
Spruce  streets,  where  in  later  years  he  numbered  among  his 
patrons  Gen,  U.  S.  Grant,  President  McKinley,  Theodore 
Roosevelt  and  George  W.  Childs.  He  was  a  member  of  a 
number  of  fraternal  and  trade  organizations. 

—  Charles  Woodberry,  a  former  president  of  the  Beverly 
(Mass.)  Hospital,  and  one  of  the  early  druggists  of  Beverly, 
died  recently,  aged  67  years.  He  was  a  native  of  Beverly,  and 
at  the  age  of  20  opened  a  drug  store  in  the  town,  which  he 
carried  on  for  a  number  of  years,  although  in  recent  years 
he  had  not  been  identified  with  the  business.  He  was  active 
in  the  civic  life  of  the  city,  eminent  in  Masonry,  and  while 
master  of  Liberty  Lodge  brought  about  the  relationship  between 
Constitution  Lodge  of  England,  -Alexandria  Lodge  of  Alex- 
andria, \'a.,  and  Liberty  Lodge  of  Beverly,  whereby  each 
lodge  annually  sends  greetings  to  the  other  two.  Mr.  Wood- 
berry  was  a  warden  of  St.  Peters  Episcopal  Church. 

—  Frank  E.  Bahlman,  president  and  treasurer  of  the 
Bahlman-Frederich  Chemical  Co.,  of  Cincinnati,  died  at  his 
home  in  that  city  recently  after  a  two  days'  illness,  brought 
on  by  the  excessive  heat  which  marked  the  week  of  Jtme  7. 
He  was  stricken  by  the  heat  while  at  work  in  his  office  on 
June  9,  but  was  able  to  make  his  way  home,  where  he  became 
unconscious,  failing  to  rally.  Besides  his  widow,  he  leaves  a 
son,  William  Bahlman,  who  was  graduated  last  June  with 
honors  from  the  Sheffield  Scientific  School. 

—  Jolin  J.  Noble,  dean  of  the  Newton  druggists,  in  which 
city  he  had  carried  on  business  for  46  years,  died  recently  as 
the  result  of  a  shock.  He  was  68  years  old.  He  was  a  native 
of  -Augusta,  Me.,  and  as  a  young  man  secured  employment  in 
a  drug  store  in  Brookline,  and  later  worked  in  Charlestown. 
He  opened  a  drug  store  in  Newton  in  1868,  almost  opposite  the 
site  of  the  store,  at  1217  Center  street,  where  he  had  been 
located  the  last  16  years.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Massa- 
chusetts State  Pharmaceutical  Association.  He  leaves  a  wife 
and  a  son. 

—  James  A.  Rogers,  retired,  and  for  many  years  one  of 
the  best-kno«-n  druggists  in  West  A'irginia,  died  recently  after 
a  two  weeks'  illness.  He  was  in  his  59th  year.  He  was  bom 
in  what  is  now  Charleston  where  for  many  years  he  conducted 
the  store  founded  by  the  late  James  Henry  Rogers,  which  had 
the  unique  honor  of  being  the  first  pharmacy  in  the  State  of 
West  'Virginia.  The  Elks  were  in  charge  of  the  funeral  ar- 
rangements. 

—  J.  B.  Eaboteau,  84,  a  retired  St.  Louis  druggist,  died 
the  early  part  of  June  at  Cape  Henry,  A'a.,  after  an  illness  of 
several  years.  He  hed  been  in  Norfolk  two  years.  He  retired 
from  the  drug  business  in  St.  Louis  about  six  years  ago.  The 
store,  formerly  facing  the  Union  Market,  is  now  at  Broadway 
and  \\"ashington  avenue  and  is  one  of  the  three  Judge  & 
Dolph  shops. 

—  Joseph  T.  Hawkins,  for  more  than  40  years  a  retail 
druggist  of  Mobile,  -Ala.,  is  dead  after  an  illness  of  two  years' 
duration.  He  was  in  business  first  at  Monroe  and  Dearborn 
streets  and  later  at  Dauphin  and  Cedar  streets.  He  was  a 
piominent  member  of  the  Alabama  Ph.-A.,  was  a  Mason  and 
affiliated  with  other  fraternal  organizations. 

—  Joseph  'Willis,  20,  a  pharmacist  of  Canton,  Ohio,  was 
drowned  near  that  city  in  Myers'  Lake  while  trying  to  save  the 
life  of  a  companion  with  whom  he  had  been  canoeing.  He 
and  Joseph  Fitzgerald  were  out  on  the  lake  in  a  canoe  when 
the  vessel  capsized.  Willis  clung  to  the  canoe  and  also  held 
his  companion  up  until  Fitzgerald  was  pulled  from  the  water, 
when  he  sank  from  exhaustion,  and  was  drowned. 

—  Col.  John  iwing,  a  Gettysburg  veteran,  whwe  he  was 
colonel  of  the  famous  l55th  Regiment  of  Penns^^vania  A'olun- 
teers,  is  dead  at  the  age  of  82.  After  the  war  he  engaged  in 
business  as  a  member  of  the  wholesale  drug  firm  of  Harris  & 
Ewing,  of  Pittsburgh,  but  afterwards  left  the  drug  business  to 
become  president  of  the   Canonsburg  Iron  &   Steel   Co. 

—  William  T.  Totten,  a  widely-known  druggist  and  the 
organizer  of  the  Yankee  Christmas  Club,  is  dead  at  the  home 
of  his  son,  Harry  G.  Totten,  3941  Webster  street,  Philadelphia, 
after  an  illness  of  only  two  days.  Mr.  Totten  was  69  years 
old,  a  graduate  from  Central  High  School,  a  32°  Mason  and 
a  member  of  the  Knights  Templars,  besides  being  a  member 
of  the  Odd  Fellows. 

—  John  Cline,  27,  who  was  engaged  in  the  drug  business 


with  his  father  in  Marion,  III.,  is  dead,  together  with  his  little 
son,  Francis,  following  an  automobile  accident.  The  car  was 
struck  by  a  freight  train  at  a  blind  railroad  crossing  between 
Herrin  and  Marion.  The  boy  was  killed  instantly,  the  father 
dying  in  the  hospital  about  an  hour  after  the  accident. 

—  George  A.  Shepard,  who  was  connected  with  the 
management  of  the  ilaltine  Company  with  the  late  Timothy 
W.  Woodruff,  died  May  21  at  his  home  in  Brooklyn.  He  was 
55  years  old,  was  a  native  of  Huntington,  L.  I.,  was  formerly 
in  the  drug  business  and  later  with  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  Mr. 
Shepard's  wife  died  several  months  ago- 

—  James  W.  Pritchard,  60,  a  former  member  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Legislature,  is  dead.  For  25  years  he  was  a 
representative  of  the  Robert  Schumaker  Drug  Co.,  and  for 
15  years  of  the  Albany  Drug  Co.,  of  -Albany,  N.  Y.  Death 
resulted  from  injuries  received  by  being  run  over  bv  a  wagon. 

—  Horace  E.  Andrews,  50,  for  20  years  a  druggist  in 
Hamilton,  Mass.,  is  dead  of  heart  trouble.  He  was  affiliated 
with  a  number  of  fraternal  organizations,  and  was  one  of  the 
best-known  men  in  Hamilton.  He  was  a  graduate  of  the 
Massachusetts   College  of  Pharmacy. 

—  Charles  H.  Price,  a  prominent  druggist  of  Salem, 
Mass.,  president  of  the  Holyoke  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Co., 
and  a  director  of  several  Salem  banks,  is  dead.  He  conducted 
one  of  the  leading  drug  stores  in  Salem  for  60  years,  retiring 
in  1905.     He  was  82  vears  of  age. 

—  'Walter  J.  Burke,  35,  of  138  Norwell  street,  Dorchester, 
proprietor  of  a  drug  store  at  122  Harvard  street,  is  dead  follow- 
ing an  operation.  He  was  a  native  of  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  and 
a  graduate  of  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy. 

—  James  B.  McFatrich,  M.D.,  president  of  the  Murine 
Eye  Remedy  Co.,  of  Chicago,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death  the 
president  of  the  Board  of  Education  of  that  city,  is  dead. 

_  —  Ovilla  J.  A.  Dufault,  proprietor  of  a  drug  store  at 
703  Main  street,  Pawtucket,  R.  I,,  committed  suicide  recently 
by  taking  poison  in  the  rear  room  of  his  store.  He  had  been 
in  ill-health  and  was  suffering  from  melancholia. 

—  William  Wardell,  53,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.,  and  for  a  number  of  years  connected  with  the 
drug  firm  of  Mills  &  Lacey  at  8  Monroe  street  in  the  '70s, 
is  dead.     He  was  a  native  of  Battle  Creek. 

—  Mrs-  Augusta  Schorse,  70,  widow  of  Otto  Schorse, 
late  druggist  of  Milwaukee,  and  mother  of  Gustave  Schorse,  a 
druggist  of  Milwaukee,  died  on  June  13.  She  leaves  nine 
children,   all  residents  of  Milwaukee. 

—  Harry  J.  Hughes,  38,  for  the  past  sLx  years  manager 
of  the  drug  department  of  the  Big  Store  at  Reedsburg,  Wis,, 
died  recently.  He  was  a  well-known  singer  and  was  exceed- 
ingly popular  in  Reedsburg, 

—  Edwin  J.  Woeffle,  36,  a  graduate  of  the  Brooklyn  Col- 
lege of  Pharmacy,  and  a  member  of  the  Kings  County  Ph.S., 
died  recently  following  an  operation  for  appendicitis.  He  was 
a  native  of  Trenton,  N.  J. 

—  S.  L.  Tate,  of  Tate  &  Childress,  Sweetwater,  Term.,  is 
dead  from  pneumonia.  He  was  thought  to  be  on  the  road  to 
recovery  when  his  disease  took  a  turn  to  the  worse.  He  leaves 
a  yoimg  widow. 

—  Charles  T.  Hamilton,  50,  a  manufacturing  druggist  of 
-Atchison,  Kan.,  is  dead.  He  was  a  close  friend  of  Speaker 
Champ  Clark  and  for  a  long  time  prominent  in  Missouri 
politics. 

—  R.  Greenberg,  a  Confederate  veteran,  and  the  father  of 
-Albert  Greenberg,  manager  of  the  Benjamin  Pharmacy  Co., 
Atlanta.   Ga,.  is  dead  after  an  ilbess  of  several  weeks. 

—  William  C.  Reycrof t,  47,  for  15  years  proprietor  of  a 
drug  store  in  IMassachusetts  avenue,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  is  dead 
after  a  month's  illness.     He  was  a  prominent  Mason. 

—  Harry  T.  Crutcher,  a  Fresno,  Cal.,  drug  clerk,  33, 
committed  suicide  with  chloroform  recently.  Despondency 
over  the  death  of  his  wife  is  held  to  be  the  cause. 

—  ■Victor  'Vonderheide,  30,  a  representative  from  Mont- 
gomery county,  Ohio,  in  the  Legislature,  and  also  a  pharmacist, 
is  dead  after  an   illness  of  six  weeks. 

—  Mrs.  Lilly  B.  Sparks  died  suddenly  at  the  family  home 
in  Anderson,  Ind.,  June  4.  She  was  the  wife  of  Walter 
Sparks,  a  druggist  of  that  city. 

—  Dana  Rhodes,  75,  a  resident  of  Groton,  N.  Y.,  for  many 
years  as  a  druggist  and  as  postmaster,  is  dead  following 
injuries  received  in  a  nmaway. 

—  Otto  F.  Traubel,  druggist,  Jefferson  and  Clark  avenues, 
St    Louis,  is  dead,  aged  43. 


332 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[July,  1914 


News  from  Associations 


ANNTTAL   CONVENTIONS. 


^.P/i-4.— Detroit,  Mich.,  Aug.  24-29. 

G.  M.  Beringcr,  president;  J.  H.  Beal,  secretary. 


iV.^  J? J3.— Philadelphia,  Pa.,  week  of  Aug.  17. 

James  F.   Finneran,  president;   T.  H.  Potts,  secre- 
tary, Chicago. 

N.WJ)-i. — Indianapolis,  Ind.,  week  of  Sept.  21. 
Geo.   W.   Lattimer,   president;    J.   E.   Toms,   secre- 
tar>-.  New  York  City. 


A.  A.  Ph.  C.  Annual  at  Boston. 


BOSTON,  June  20. — The  American  Association  of  Phar- 
maceutical Chemists  held  its  seventh  meeting  here  dur- 
ing the  last  week  of  May,  and  carried  out  a  long  pro- 
gramme of  business  and  pleasure.  Beginning  on  Monday 
morning,  with  a  meeting  of  the  board  of  directors,  business 
sessions  were  held  on  four  successive  days,  and  22  different 
reports  on  trade  matters  were  submitted  for  discussion  and 
action.  The  last  two  days  of  the  week  were  given  over  wholly 
to  sightseeing,  while  not  a  little  bit  of  pleasure  was  pro- 
grammed for  the  other  days. 

The  real  business  of  the  convention  began  on  Tuesday 
morning,  when  the  association  received  its  formal  welcome  to 
the  city.  Dr.  Pitts  E.  Howes,  a  former  member  of  the  State 
Board  of  Registration  in  Medicine,  represented  the  National 
Eclectic  Medical  .Association,  and  took  occasion  to  speak  a 
word  of  defence  for  those  physicians  who  dispense  their  own 
medicines,  saying  they  use  the  very  best  drugs,  and  thoroughly 
know  their  use. 

Charles  A.  West,  of  the  Eastern  Drug  Company,  represented 
the  National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Association,  in  which  he  is 
chairman  of  the  legislative  committee.  He  spoke  of  some  of 
the  important  measures  now  pending,  and  endorsed  the  Har- 
rison bill,  now  before  Congress.  He  said  that  pending  amend- 
ments to  the  pure  food  law  made  the  outlook  somewhat  un- 
certain, and  manufacturers  were  uncertain  now  whether  it 
would  be  legal  for  them  to  have  goods  out  after  May  1,  1915, 
bearing  the  present  form  of  label. 

James  F.  Finneran,  of  Boston,  president  of  the  National 
Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  called  attention  to  the  multi- 
plicity of  proprietary  articles  which  a  druggist  must  carry, 
and  yet  for  which  there  is  little  call.  He  deprecated  the  prac- 
tice of  some  manufacturers  sending  out  "physicians'  samples" 
which  are  different  from  the  goods  sold  to  druggists,  and  sug- 
gested that  there  be  uniformity  in  them.  Then  he  took  issue, 
in  a  gentlemanly,  but  firm  manner,  with  the  stand  of  Dr. 
Howes,  the  first  speaker,  in  the  matter  of  physicians  dispensing 
drugs,  and  insisted  that  druggists  only  should  sell  and  dispense 
drugs. 

George  D.  Williams  spoke  for  the  National  Association  of 
Manufacturers  of  Medicinal  Products,  and  then  President 
George  C.  Hall,  of  New  York,  presented  his  annual  address, 
dealing  with  the  vital  business  problems  of  the  country,  and 
dwelling  on  the  banking  and  currency  system.  Regarding 
the  general  business  outlook,  he  was  not  inclined  to  be  opti- 
mistic. He  urged  loyalty  to  the  association  in  its  distinctive 
work  of  securing  purity,  quality,  strength  and  accuracy  in 
drugs. 

The  feature  of  the  Tuesday  afternoon  session  was  the 
address  by  Charles  Wesley  Dunn,  of  New  York,  on  the  pro- 
posed Interstate  Trade  Commission. 

The  banquet  on  Tuesday  night  was  a  pleasant  affair,  al- 
though neither  Gov.  Walsh  nor  Mayor  Curley,  who  had  been 
expected,  put  in  an  appearance.  There  was  excellent  music,  by 
the  Knickerbocker  Quartette,  and  by  IMadame  Wilhelmina 
Calvert,  soprano.  President  Hall  presided,  and  Dr.  Mark  W. 
Richardson,  secretary  of  the  Massachusetts  Board   A  Health, 


told  of  the  work  of  his  department  during  the  past  five  years 
in  fighting  typhoid  fever. 

Other  speakers  were  Dr.  DeWitt  C.  Wilcox,  of  Brookline, 
president  of  the  American  Institute  of  Homeopathy;  Caswell 
A.  Mayo,  of  New  York,  president-elect  of  the  American  Phar- 
maceutical Association;  Dr.  E.  P.  Howes,  George  G.  Williams, 
James  F.  Finneran,  Charles  A.  West  and  Dr.  Alfred  S. 
Burdick. 

At  the  final  business  session  the  following  officers  were 
elected:  George  C.  Hall,  of  New  York,  president;  Dr.  S.  E. 
Wascngill,  of  Bristol,  Tenn.,  1st  vice-president;  Dr.  C.  H. 
Searlc,  of  Chicago,  2d  vice-president;  E.  L.  Maltbie,  of  New- 
ark, N.  J.,  secretary  and  treasurer.  The  session  was  made 
rather  memorable  by  the  presentation  of  a  set  of  resolutions 
and  a  handsome  loving  cup  to  the  retiring  secretary  and 
treasurer,  Willard  P.  Steams,  of  Chicago.  Frank  L.  H. 
Nason,  of  Boston,  chairman  of  the  committee  of  arrangements, 
made   the  presentation   speech,   and   Mr.   Stearns  responded. 

Rochester,    N.    Y.,    was   chosen    for    the    next    meeting-place. 

The  programme  of  entertainments  was  rather  elaborate  for 
a  convention  of  this  size  and  included  an  automobile  trip  tQ 
Concord  and  Lexington  over  the  route  traversed  by  Paul 
Revere  139  years  ago,  an  automobile  ride  along  the  North 
Shore,  with  a  fish  dinner  at  Marblehead,  and  a  harbor  trip 
to  Nantasket. 

The  following  members  were  represented  at  the  convention: 

Abbott  Alkaloidal  Co.,  Chicago,  111.;  J.  E.  AUworth,  Chicago, 
111.;  Central  Pharmacal  Co.,  Seymour,  Ind.;  Chapman  Mfg.  Co., 
Chicago,  111.;  Columbvis  Pharmacal  Co.,  Columbus,  Ohio;  Daggett 
&  Miller  Co.,  Providence,  R.  I.;  Davies,  Rose  &  Co.,  Boston, 
Mass.;  Diamond  Pharmacal  Co.,  Philadelphia.  Pa.;  Digestive 
Ferments  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Flint,  Eaton  &  Co..  Decatur,  111.; 
Fraser  Tablet  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Henry  R.  Gering  Co., 
Omaha.  Neb.;  J.  F.  Hartz  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Howard-Holt  Co., 
Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa;  Independent  Pharmaceutical  Co.,  Worcester, 
Mass.;  Irwin,  Neisler  &  Co.,  Decatur,  111.;  Kremers-Urban  Co., 
Milwaukee,  Wis.;  LaFayette  Pharmacal  Co.,  LaFayette,  Ind.; 
McCoy,  Howe  Co.,  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  Robert  McNeil,  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.;  Maltbie  Chemical  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J.;  Masengill  Bros. 
Co.,  Bristol,  Tenn.;  National  Drug  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Nor- 
wich Pharmacal  Co.,  Norwich,  N.  Y. ;  E.  L.  Patch  Co.,  Boston, 
Mass.;  Pitman-Moore  Co..  Indianapolis,  Ind.;  Pittsburg  Phy- 
sicians Supply  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.;  Frank  G.  Scott,  Detroit, 
Mich.;  G.  D.  Searle  &  Co.,  Chicago,  III.;  Standard  Chemical  Co., 
Des  Moines,  Iowa:  Stearns  &  White  Co.,  Chicago,  111.;  R.  J. 
Strasenburgh  Co.,  Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  Sutliff  &  Case  Co.,  Peoria, 
111.;  Swan,  Mvers  Co..  Indianapolis.  Ind.;  Tailby-Nason  Co., 
Boston,  Mass.;  Henry  Thayer  &  Co.,  Boston,  Mass.;  F.  A.  Thomp- 
son &  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich.;  Toledo  Pharmacal  Co.,  Toledo,  Ohio; 
Tracy  Co.,  New  London,  Conn.;  Truax,  Greene  &  Co.,  Chicago, 
111.;  Henry  K.  Wampole  &  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Webster- 
Warnock  Chemical  Co.,  Memphis,  Tenn.;  William  A.  Webster  Co., 
Memphis,  Tenn.;  Westerfield  Pharmacal  Co.,  Dayton,  Ohio;  Zera- 
mer  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 


WHAT    N.A.R.D.    "WILL    DO    AT    PHILADELPHIA. 

Entertainment  Programme  for  August  Convention  as  Arranged 
by  the  Convention   Committee. 

DETAILS  of  the  entertainment  planned  by  the  local  com- 
mittee for  the  delegates  to  the  annual  N.A.R.D.  con- 
vention in  Philadelphia  the  week  of  Aug.  17  promise  a 
scope  and  variety  to  excel  anything  in  the  history  of  the 
National  body. 

The  first  formal  event  will  be  the  officers'  reception  and  ball 
in  the  ballroom  of  the  Bellevue-Stratford  Hotel  on  Monday 
evening,  Aug.  17.  Of  equal  importance,  although  perhaps  more 
from  a  commercial  standpoint,  will  be  the  drug  show  in  the 
-  historic  Clover  and  Red  Rooms  on  the  same  floor  and  in  close 
proximity  to  the  ballroom.  This  annual  exhibition  has  become 
each  year  more  and  more  important  as  a  feature  of  the  National 
conventions.  Never  before  have  the  manufacturers  displayed  such 
interest,  and  in  educational  features  alone  the  exhibition  this 
year  promises  to  be  unique.  Many  of  the  exhibitors  plan  to 
launch  new  goods  and  new  policies  on  this  occasion. 

An  automobile  tour  for  the  ladies  at  the  convention  is  planned 
for  Tuesday  afternoon,  with  visits  to  points  of  interest  through- 
out the  city  and  vicinity  and  a  spin  through  Fairmount  Park. 

On  Wednesday  the  ladies  will  be  the  guests  at  a  reception 
in  the  Egyptian  Hall  in  the  John  Wanamaker  store.  A  tour 
of  the  building  and  a  special  organ  recital  in  the  Court  of 
Honor  will  be  additional  features. 

Thursday  will  be  "Scottissue  Day,"  when  every  person  regis- 
tered at  the  convention  will  be  the  guest  of  the  Scott  Paper 
Company  on  a  trip  down  the  Delaware  River  to  the  company's 
plant  at  Chester,  Pa.  One  of  the  most  commodious  river 
steamers  has  been  chartered;  luncheon  will  be  served  on  board. 


July,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


333 


after  which  there  will  be  an  entertainment.  The  big  indus- 
trial establishments  and  points  of  historic  interest  along  the 
river  front  in  Pennsylvania  and  New  Jersey  will  be  described 
by  guides  enroute.  On  the  return  trip  a  stop  will  be  made  at 
League  Island  Navy  Yard. 

Friday  Will  be  "Wampole  Day,"  when  the  delegates  will  be 
the  guests  of  Henry  K.  Wampole  S:  Co.,  at  Willow  Grove  Park. 
Special  cars  will  convey  the  visitors  over  a  special  route,  cal- 
culated to  show  the  city  and  its  environs  in  most  attractive 
form.  The  Wampole  Company,  with  the  co-operation  of  the 
local  committee,  has  arranged  for  the  distribution  of  coupons 
which  will  entitle  the  visitors  to  admission  to  all  of  the  amuse- 
ment features  of  the  park  as  well  as  dinner  at  the  Casino. 

Still  another  possibility  of  "Wampole  Day"  is  that  the  con- 
vention will  formally  close  at  Willow  Grove  Park,  if  the 
business  is  not  concluded  on  Thursday  at  the  regular  session 
at  the  Bellevue-Stratford  Hotel. 

The  committee  wishes  it  clearly  understood  that  the  par- 
ticipants in  all  of  these  entertainment  features  will  only  be  those 
who  register  at  the  convention.  The  registration  privileges  will 
be  accorded  every  druggist  and  those  affiliated  with  the  drug 
trade.  The  sessions  of  the  convention  will  be  open  to  all  who 
Cure  to  attend. 


National  Association  of  Drug  Clerks. 

Minimum    Wage,  Eight-hour  Day,   and  National  Standard  of 
Requirements  Urged. 

f^'^HE  fourth  annual  convention  of  the  National  Association 

I  of  Drug  Clerks  was  marked  by  a  number  of  interesting 
reports,  and  by  the  adoption  of  regulations  urging  a 
minimum  salary  scale,  starting  at  $1200  a  year  for  a  registered 
pharmacist,  and  at  $900  a  year  for  a  registered  assistant  phar- 
macist. The  adoption  of  a  National  standard  of  requirements 
for  reciprocal  registration  and  the  advocacy  of  an  eight-hour 
■working  day  with  fewer  hours  of  Sunday  work  were  other 
matters  indorsed  by  resolution.  The  following  officers  and 
committees  were  elected  and  appointed : 

President,  L.  W.  Sinclair,  Columbus,  Ohio;  1st  vice-president, 
T.  O.  Duckworth,  Dubuque,  la. ;  3d  vice-president,  Marvin  E. 
Pate,  Madisonville,  Ky. ;  secretary-treasurer,  P.  A.  Mandabach, 
Chicago;  director  of  publicity,  Wm.  C.  Clingen,  Chicago; 
associate  editor,  Charles  H.  Bowersox,  Columbus,  Ohio;  con- 
tributing editor,  L.  W.  Coleman,  Wichita,  Kan.;  National 
organizer,  Lee  Tuholskie,   Akron,   Ohio. 

National  Publicity  Committee — J.  A.  Orr,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ; 
G.  E.  Williams,  Savannah,  Ga. ;  M.  Awbrey,  Dallas,  Tex. ; 
L.   E.   Stoebig,  Chicago;   A.  D.  Burnham,  Detroit. 

Auditing — George  M.  Swigart,  Dayton,  Ohio;  Frank  Barca, 
Perth  Amboy,  N.  J.;  L.  A.  Montgomery,  Oklahoma  City. 

Fraternal  Relations — William  H.  Caswell,  Valdez,  Alaska; 
Jas.  H.  Newsum,  Rockland,  Mass. 

Finance— Y.  M.  Blank,  Akron,  Ohio;  Frank  Schachleiter, 
Hot  Springs,  Ark.;   A.  B.  Wallace,  Savannah,  Ga. 

U.S.P.  &  N.F.  Propaganda — W.  J.  Moreland,  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.;  J.  H.  Brinkley,  New  Bern,  N.  C.  ;  D.  R.  Caples, 
Princeville,  Ore.;  Chas.  P.  Baum,  East  Orange,  N.  J.;  E.  H. 
Darling,  Santa  Ana,  Cal.;  A.  L.  Forguee,  Centralia,  Wash.; 
G.  H.  Blatchley,  Middleton,   Conn. 

Membership— h.  D.  George,  Clayton,  N.  M. ;  C.  L.  Thomp- 
son, Augusta,  Me.;  V.  Hayden,  St.  Paul,  Minn.;  Chas. 
Williamson,  Frankfort,  N.  Y..;  L.  Jense,  Riverton,  Wyo.;  N.  J. 
Nelson,  Chicago;  W.  E.   Smith,  Lewiston,  Ida. 

Foreign  Relations — J.  J.  Hoffman,  The  Hague;  Jonathan 
Nicolson,  London;  S.  T.  Ramsey,  Honolulu;  J.  C.  Carbello, 
Havana:  Carlos  Bierberach,  Panama;  H.  E.  J.  Pletcher,  Win- 
nipeg; H.  W.  Well,  Welwyn,  Saskatchewan,  Canada. 

Status  of  the  Pharmacist  in  U.S.  Employ — Dr.  Geo.  F. 
Payne,  Atlanta,  Ga. 

According  to  the  reports  of  the  retiring  president,  F.  M. 
Blank,  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  and  of  the  secretary  and  treasurer, 
Mr.  Mandabach,  the  association  is  now  represented  in  47 
States,  in  Porto  Rico,  several  provinces  in  Canada,  the  Philip- 
pines, Panama,  Honduras  and  Cuba.  The  following  paragraph 
in  regard  to  the  Druggists'  National  Home  at  Palmyra,  which 
was  launched  under  the  auspices  of  the  N.A.D.C.,  will  be 
read  with  interest,  particularly  in  view  of  the  fact  that  unless 
immediate  assistance  in  a  financial  way  is  given  the  Home  it 
■will  be  taken  back  by  the  original  owner: 


Mr.  Mandabach  says:  "At  the  last  convention  the  Druggists' 

National  Home  was  presented  to  the  druggists  of  the  United 
States,  and  placed  under  the  management  of  a  board  of  trus- 
tees who  incorporated  the  Home  under  the  laws  of  Wisconsin, 
and  under  whose  entire  supervision  this  charitable  proposition 
is  managed.  Therefore,  your  association  has  no  report  to  make 
upon  the  Home,  as  the  matter  is  entirely  in  the  hands  of  the 
aforesaid  board  of  trustees." 

The  present  practice  of  re-registration  of  pharmacists  was 
condemned  in  the  secretary's  report,  Mr.  Mandabach  urging 
a  life  certification  after  the  pharmacist  had  successfully  passed 
his  examination. 


What  the  A.  Ph.  A.  Will  Do  at  Detroit. 


Programme  of  the  Business  Sessions  of  the  Parent  Organization 
and  Allied  Bodies,  during  the  week  beginning  Aug.  24. 


MONDAY- 
9:00  a.m. 
3:00  p.m. 
7:30  p.m. 

9:30  p.m. 

TUESDAY— 

9:30  a.m. 

9:30  a.m. 
10:00  a.m. 
10:00  a.m. 

2:00  p.m. 

2:30  p.m. 


Meeting  of  the  Council. 
House  of  Delegates. 
First  General   Session. 

Meeting  of  the  Committee  on  Nomination. 
Joint    Reception    of    the    Presidents    of    the    A.Ph.A. 
and  M.S. P. A. 

Second  General   Session. 

First  General   Session  M.S. P. A. 

National   Association  of  Boards  of  Pharmacy. 

Ladies'   Shopping  and  Visiting,  etc. 

National   Association   of  Boards   of   Pharmacy. 

Women's  Section. 

Scientific  Section. 

Joint    Session   of   Commercial    Section    and    M.S.P.A. 

House  of  Delegates. 

Meeting  of  the  Council. 

Conference   of   Pharmaceutical    Faculties. 


on    Education   and    Legislation. 
Pharmacopoeias    and    Formularies. 
National   Association  of  Boards  of  Pharmacy. 
Luncheon  of  College  Alumni. 
National  Association  of  Boards  of  Pharmacy. 
Section   of  Practical   Pharmacy   and   Dispensing. 
Scientific  Section. 
Meeting   of  the   Council. 
Ladies'    Reception. 


10:00  a.m. 
1:30  p.m. 

IDAY— 
9:30  a.m. 

2 
7 
8 
8 
8 

30  p.m. 
30  p.m. 
00  p.m, 
00  p.m. 
30  p.m. 

7:30  p.m. 

7:30  p.m. 

S:30  p.m. 

WEDNESDAY- 

9:30  a.m.  Section 
9:30  a.m. 
10:00  a.m. 
12:30  p.m. 
2:00  p.m. 
2:30  p.m. 
2:30  p.m. 
7:30  p.m. 
7:30  p.m. 
THURSDAY— 

9:30  a.m.    Section  on   Education   and   Legislation. 
Scientific  Section. 

Joint   Session   of   Practical    Pharmacy   and   M.S.P.A. 
National  Association  of  Boards  of  Pharmacy. 
Excursion. 

Historical    Pharmacy. 

Section    on    Pharmacopoeias    and    Formularies. 

Women's   Section. 

Commercial   Section. 

Automobile    Ride. 

Re-organization   Meeting  of  the   Council. 

House  of  Delegates. 

Ladies'   Reception. 

Joint  Session  of  the  Section  on  Education  and  Legis- 

SATURDAY-        ''"°"'   '^'  ^■^■^•^■'  ^""^  *^  ^^■^•^•^- 
9:00  a.m.     Meeting  of  the  Council. 
10:30  a.m.     Final  General  Session. 

The  entertainment  features  will  include  the  following: 
On  Monday  night  the  grand  ball  will  take  place  in  the  ball 
room  of  the  Hotel  Ponchartrain.  Tuesday  afternoon  Nelson 
Baker  &  Co.  will  entertain  the  ladies  with  a  boat  ride  down 
the  river  to  Bob-Lo  Park,  where  dinner  will  be  served. 
Wednesday  evening,  F.  F.  Ingram  &  Co.  and  F.  A.  Thompson 
Co.  will  take  the  ladies  to  a  theater  party  while  druggists  are 
at  the  smoker  given  by  Frederick  Stearns  &  Co.  at  the  Wayne 
Hotel  Auditorium.  Thursday,  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  have  char- 
tered for  the  e.xclusive  use  of  the  convention  the  steamer 
Pleasure,  which  will  go  up  the  river  and  through  Lake  St. 
Clair.  Friday  afternoon  an  automobile  trip  has  been  ar- 
ranged about  the  city,  along  the  magnificent  Lake  Side  Drive, 
and  through  the  most  beautiful  natural  park.  Belle  Isle. 

Thomas  F.  Main,  chairman  of  the  transportation  committee 
of  the  A.Ph.A.,  has  sent  out  a  schedule  of  the  official  tour 
of  delegates  to  the  Detroit  meeting,  starting  from  New  York 
or  Boston  on  Aug.  22,  and  returning  by  the  way  of  Toronto, 
Thousand  Islands,  Montreal  and  Quebec,  and  returning  to 
New  York  or  Boston  on  Sept.  8.  The  committee  has  also 
made  special  arrangements  from  the  South  and  from  the 
Pacific  Coast,  full  details  of  which  have  been  sent  to  mem- 
bers, or  will  be  sent  on  application  to  Mr.  Main,  166  Cham- 
bers street.  New  York  City. 


334 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


S.  H.  BAER  HEADS  FLAVORING  EXTRACT  MEN. 


National  Association  Establishes  Fellowship  at  Uni- 
versity of  Michigan — Dr.  Alsberg  Commended. 

DR.  S.  H.  BAER,  of  St.  Louis,  was  elected  president  of 
the  Flavoring  Extract  Manufacturers'  Association  at  the 
fi;th  annual  convention  of  that  organization,  held  June 
2,  3  and  4.  at  the  Hotel  .^stor.  The  other  officers  are:  1st 
vice-president,  F.  L.  Beggs,  Newark,  Ohio;  2d  vice-president, 
C.  F.  Sauer,  Richmond,  Va.;  3d  vice-president,  Dr.  J.  O. 
Schlotterbeck,  Rochester,  N.  Y.;  treasurer,  Robert  E.  Hcekin, 
Cincinnati;  secretan,-,  F.  P.  Beers,  Earleville,  N.  Y.;  executive 
committee,  S.  J.  Sherer,  Chicago;  \V.  M.  McCormick,  Bahi- 
more;  S.  F.  Irwin,  Philadelphia,  and  C.  \V.  Jennings,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich. 

By  resolution  the  association  effected  the  establishment  for 
one  year  of  a  fellowship  of  $500  at  the  University  of  Michi- 
gan for  the  scientific  study  of  vanilla  extract,  the  holder  to 
devote  half  his  time  to  thfe  subject,  and  the  association's 
committee  to  supply  him  with  the  raw  material  with  which  to 
work.  Other  resolutions  adopted  provided  for  the  appointment 
of  a  research  committee  of  five  members  to  which  should  be 
referred  the  scientific  investigation  work  of  the  association, 
and  the  appointment  of  another  committee  of  five  members  to 
work  with  the  board  of  co-operation  established  by  Dr. 
Alsberg  for  the  purpose  of  attaining  greater  uniformity  of 
State  and  Federal  food  laws.  Dr.  Alsberg's  fair  attitude  in 
establishing  this  board  was  commended,  as  was  the  liberal 
attitude  of  the  pure  food  officials  in  extending  the  time  for  the 
tising  up  of  labels  on  hand  which  contain  the  guaranty  legend 
recently  ruled  against.  The  president  was  instructed  to  appoint 
a  committee  of  three  to  give  consideration  to  the  question  of 
fire  insurance  and  prevention.  The  committee  on  costs  was 
continued.  The  accumulation  of  scientific  literature  on  ex- 
tracts and  essential  oils  was  referred  to  the  scientific  and 
executive  committees.  The  requirement  that  the  percentage  of 
alcohol  be  stated  upon  the  label  was  condemned  as  advertising 
the  contents  as  a  beverage.  The  Stevens  bill  was  indorsed, 
and  the  object  of  the  measure  adjudged  laudable.  The  com- 
mittee for  the  increase  of  sales  of  extracts  was  made  per- 
manent during  the  ensuing  year.  W.  M.  McCormick's  work 
in  the  National  Chamber  of  Commerce  was  indorsed. 

Two  of  the  strongest  points  made  by  the  association's 
attorney,  T.  E.  Lannen,  in  the  course  of  his  very  interestinf 
report,  were  the  importance  of  the  members  immediately 
setting  about  the  accumulation  of  scientific  data  on  their  own 
industry — they  should  not  be  at  the  mercy  of  the  food  officials 
for  authoritative  information  on  the  articles  they  manufac- 
tured—and the  necessity  of  the  trade  fixing  its  own  trade  stand- 
ards. Trade  standards  should  not  be  fixed  by  officials  after  con- 
sultation with  only  a  few  of  a  trade— the  trade  as  a  whole 
should  be  conferred  with. 

The  association  has  a  total  of  149  members,  33  having  been 
taken  in  during  the  past  year.  Of  the  total  106  are  active 
members  and  43  associate.  The  industry  contains  about  800 
extract  manufacturers.  The  membership  committee  has  about 
35  prospects  whom  they  expect  to  enrol  in  the  near  future. 

The  balance  on  hand  is  S634.  Disbursements  during  the 
past  year  were  $2696. 

KINGS    COUNTY    PH.S.    RE-ELECTS   PRESIDENT. 


H.   B.   Smith  Again  Heads  Society — Year  Most  Pros- 
perous In  History — Interesting  Reports  Presented. 

HENRY  B.  SMITH  was  re-elected  president  of  the  Kings 
County    Pharmaceutical    Society    at    the    recent    annual 
meeting  held  at  the  College  of  Pharmacy.     Other  officers 
elected  were ; 

First  vice-president,  Charles  Heimerzheim;  2d  vice-president, 
Charles  L.  Gesell :  secretary.  A.  E.  Hegeman;  treasurer, 
Adrian  Paradis;  trustees  to  ser\-e  six  years,  Charles  A.  Kun- 
kel  and  John  Wischerth;  censors.  Otto  Raubenheimer,  chair- 
man; O.  F.  Bancroft  and  Edward  Hoffman;  librarian,  Dr. 
H.  J.  J.  Kassebaum;  counsel,  Wm.  L.  Perkins. 

The  following  delegates  were  elected:  To  the  N.Y.S.P.A. 
meeting,  Hy.  B.  Smith,  chairman;  Otto  Raubenheimer,  Dr. 
H.  J.  J.  Kassebaum,  Charles  V.  Lewis,  Wm.  H.  Bussenschutt, 
Joseph  Kahn,  Joseph  S.  Goldwag;  N.J.Ph.A.,  Charles  Heimerz- 
heim,  Otto   Raubenheimer   and   A.   P.   Lohness;    A. Ph. A.,   Dr. 


Wm.  C    .\nderson,  J.  H.  Rehfuss  and  Prof.  Hy.  W.  Schimpf. 

In  hi.*  annual  report,  President  Smith  thanked  the  members 
for  the  loyalty  and  support  they  had  accorded  him  during  the 
past  yc:ir,  and  pointed  out  that  the  Brooklyn  C.P.  was  the 
only  college  of  pharmacy  in  the  country  owned  and  controlled 
by  retail  pharmacists.  The  institution  had  no  outstanding 
debts  and  had  recently  invested  $15,000  in  New  York  City 
bonds.  The  registration  of  students  had  been  the  highest 
during  the  past  school  year  of  any  similar  period  since  the 
foundation  of  the  college,  and  it  would  not  be  long  before  the 
alumni  would  number  more  than  2000.  The  society,  asserted 
President  SniiOi,  had  been  honored  by  the  election  of  J.  H. 
Rehfuss  to  the  presidency  of  the  State  association.  Four 
members  had  been  appointed  by  the  Commissioner  of  Health 
to  his  recently  established  Advisory  Council. 

Treasurer  Adrian  Paradis  reported  a  balance  on  hand  for 
the  society  of  some  three  or  four  hundred  dollars.  During 
the  past  school  year  the  college  disbursements  had  been  $45,- 
689;  the  cash  balance  on  hand  is  $6324;  money  recently 
invested  in  N.Y.C.  bonds,  $15,000;  total  balance,  June,  1914, 
$21,324;  balance  on  hand,  June,  1913,  $19,169.  The  sum  of 
$4000  above  the  usual  running  expenses  of  the  college  was 
spent  1913-14  on  renovations  and  improvements.  According 
to  Mr.  Paradis  the  school  year  had  been  very  prosperous.  In 
a  summary,  presented  later  by  T.  J.  France,  it  was  shown 
that  the  college  balance  in  1911  was  $12,793  and  that  more 
than  $9000  had  been  spent  in  the  period  of  1911-14  on  "better- 
ments," which  item  does  not  include  repairs  to  buildingi, 
increased  compensation  to  faculty,  etc. 

Upon  Secretary  A.  E.  Hegeman's  recommendation  the  names 
of  seven  members  were  dropped  from  the  rolls  for  non-pay- 
ment of  dues.  Mr.  Hegeman  had  collected  $850  in  dues  dur- 
ing the  past  year.     The  society  had  held  10  meetings. 

T.  J.  France,  chairman  of  the  committee  on  supervision, 
reported  that  the  students  had  totalled  312:  147  juniors  had 
passed  their  examinations  and  had  been  admitted  to  the  senior 
class. 

Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  chairman  of  the  legislation  com- 
mittee, presented  a  report  w-hich  was  extensive  despite  his 
brief  reference  to  State  legislation  now  familiar  to  New  York 
pharmacists.  He  dwelt  at  some  length  on  the  Walters  and 
Boylan  bills,  reading  the  Governor's  memorandum  which  ac- 
companied the  executive's  signature  upon  the  former  measure. 
He  advised  that  members  write  the  local  Board  of  Health  for 
official  narcotic  ordering  blanks.  The  National  legislative 
situation  had  not  been  materially  changed  of  late.  He  notified 
the  members  of  the  abolition  of  the  guaranty  legend  and 
serial  number  after  May  1,  1916.  Druggists  should  see  that 
the  guaranty  is  signed  by  the  one  giving  the  guaranty — other- 
w-ise  it  is  not  a  guaranty.  The  Advisory  Council  had  taken 
under  consideration  the  proposition  to  label  ordinary  remedies 
with  "Poison,"  which  the  druggist  members  opposed  as  ridicu- 
lous. The  Council  decided  at  its  last  meeting  that  it  would 
be  proper  for  the  Board  of  Health  to  inspect  soda-water 
factories  where  such  places  were  open  to  the  air.  Where 
everything  is  enclosed  in  pipes  and  not  open  to  air,  as  in 
drug  stores,  inspections  are  unnecessary.  The  Council  further 
had  under  consideration  the  requiring  of  a  physician's  pre- 
scription for  certain  ordinary  remedies.  The  pharmacist- 
members'  stand  was  that  to  deprive  the  pharmacist  of  the 
right  to  handle  drugs  and  to  give  the  physicians  that  right  is 
a  commercial  proposition.  Under  such  conditions  no  restric- 
tion is  placed  upon  the  public. 

Dr.  Anderson  stated  that  it  was  the  opinion  of  many  people 
that  pharmacists  are  affected  by  the  workingmen's  compensa- 
tion law  which  goes  into  effect  July  1.  If  this  is  true,  they 
must  prove  to  the  commission  at  Albany — before  July  1 — that 
they  are  financially  able  to  meet  damages  under  the  provisions 
of  the  law.  A  penalty  is  provided  for  failure  to  comply.  Dr. 
Anderson  said  that  an  employee  injured  through  his  own  care- 
lessness could  collect  damages.  The  employer  is  liable  in  all 
cases  except  when  the  employee  is  intoxicated.  The  damages. 
Dr.  Anderson  described  as  "something  awful."  Upon  recom- 
mendation of  Mr.  Rehfuss  it  was  decided  to  inquire  of  the 
Compensation  Commission  at  Albany  as  to  the  status  of  the 
retail  pharmacist  under  the  new  law. 

Wm.  Morgan,  chairman  trade  matters  committee,  reported 
that  the  detail  man.  Dr.  H.  J.  J.  Kassebaum,  had  called  on 
315  physicians  and  168  dentists.  The  sum  of  $565  had  been 
spent  on  propaganda  work. 


Jl-LY,    1914] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


335 


N.Y.S.P.A.     ANNUAL    MEETING    AT    SARATOGA. 


President  Rehfuss  Presents  Interestixig  Report  Con- 
taining   Several    Pertinent    Recommendations. 

The  36lh  annual  meeting  of  the  New  York  State  Pharma- 
ceutical Association  was  called  to  order  by  President  Jacob  H. 
Rehfuss  at  the  United  States  Hotel,  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y. 
In  his  annual  report,  President  Rehfuss  referred  to  the  asso- 
ciation's fight  against  the  "One  Day  of  Rest  in  Seven"  law, 
which  if  it  had  not  been  superseded  would  have  placed  the 
pharmacist  "on  the  level  of  the  bricklayer  and  hodcarrier," 
recommended  to  members  the  careful  consideration  of  the 
Sunday  closing  question,  it  having  been  demonstrated  by  postal 
vote  and  otherwise  during  the  past  Winter  that  New  York 
State  pharmacists  were  almost  unanimously  desirous  of  closing 
at  least  a  part  of  Sunday,  and  advised  them  to  take  cognizance 
of  the  need  of  revising  their  system  of  pricing  prescriptions, 
such  revision  being  absolutely  necessary  in  view  of  the  in- 
creased cost  of  operating  a  pharmacy,  the  diminishing  net 
profits  in  the  business  and  the  high  cost  of  service  due  to 
excessive  regulation.  He  enlarged  upon  the  splendid  propa- 
ganda work  performed  by  the  association's  committee  and 
concluded  his  remarks  upon  this  phase  of  his  report  by  in- 
quiring as  to  whether  it  was  not  high  time  for  the  makers  of 
the  Pharmacopoeia  to  take  their  bearings  and  find  out  whether 
they  are  not  making  this  volume  an  exclusive  pharmaceutical 
text-book  rather  than  one  for  both  the  physician  and  the 
pharmacist. 

"At  no  time  in  recent  years,"  said  Mr.  Rehfuss,  "have  phar- 
macists felt  such  general  satisfaction  over  the  work  of  our 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy."  He  suggested  that  the  board 
should  meet  the  responsibility  resting  upon  it  by  the  enactment 
of  the  Walters  bill — else  the  Labor  Department  will  demand 
legislation  placing  pharmacists  in  its  jurisdiction.  He  recom- 
mended that  the  board  employ  additional  inspectors  to  carry 
out  the  enforcement  of  working  hours  in  a  pharmacy.  He 
recommended  that  board  members  be  made  eligible  for  service 
upon  the  legislative  committee.  Other  recommendations  were 
to  the  effect  that  the  association's  detail  man  collect  back  dues 
from  delinquent  members  and  agree  to  visit  every  member  at 
least  once  during  the  year,  and  that  all  members  in  arrears 
for  three  years  or  more  be  dropped  frem  the  rolls. 

]Mr.  Rehfuss'  legislative  report  was  in  the  nature  of  an 
elaborate   resume   of   the   association's   work  on   legislation. 

A  full  report  of  the  meeting  will  be  published  in  our  next 
issue. 


G.A.S.   CONSIDERS   OWNERSHIP   OF   O'WN  HOME. 


Committee  Appointed  to   Consider  Plan  for  Bringing 
It  About — European  Trip  Success  Assured. 

TH.AT  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society  own  its  own  home 
was  recommended  at  the  June  meeting  by  President  Dr. 
Charles  F.  Klippert,  the  idea  having  originated  some 
time  ago  with  August  Diehl.  Dr.  Klippert  enlarged  upon  the 
financial  and  social  advantages  to  accrue  from  such  ownersliip 
and  pointed  out  the  success  of  the  New  York  Consolidated 
Drug  Company,  which  he  said,  had  made  great  strides  since 
buying  its  own  building.  The  scheme  would  not  be  so  very 
difficult  of  accomplishment  and  success  was  absolutely  certain. 
Ex-Presidents  Felix  Hirseman  and  Charles  F.  Schleussner 
spoke  in  favor,  and  Otto  P.  Gilbert  proposed  Mr.  Diehl  as 
chairman  of  a  committee  to  develop  plans.  Dr.  Klippert  ap- 
pointed on  the  committee  August  Diehl,  chairman;  Henry  F. 
Albert.  Paul  Amdt,  H.  Blomeier,  George  Bruns,  Albert  Koehler, 
Fred  Linnig,  Wm.  Oetinger,  George  T.  Reifflin,  Paul  Roenne, 
Fred  Schaefer,  Carl  Schur,  S.  V.  B.  Swann,  Fred.  Trau,  Karl 
Wuppermann  and  all  the  officers  of  the  society.  This  com- 
mittee organized  after  the  meeting. 

Robert  S.  Lehman,  treasurer  for  the  approaching  European 
tour,  reported  that  the  enterprise  would  be  a  success.  Besides 
the  many  invitations  extended  to  the  tourists  one  had  been 
recently  received  from  The  Bayer  Co.,  Inc.,  Leverkusen,  near 
Cologne,  to  tour  through  its  plant  and  attend  a  banquet.  He 
read  other  invitations  extended  by  all  the  pharmaceutical 
societies  of  Berlin  and  Vienna.  Invitations  had  been  extended 
by  many  individuals,  including  Professors  Thoms,  of  Berlin ; 
Boehm,  Leipsic :  von  Tappenier,  Munich ;  Hofrat  Moeller, 
Vienna ;  Tschirch,  Berne ;  Henri  Gautier,  Paris.  The  editors 
of  the  pharmaceutical  press  of  the  several  countries  to  bs  visited 


also  expressed  deep  interest  in  the  tour  and  many  institutions 
connected  with  pharmacy  and  medicine  have  assured  the  society 
of  a  hearty  welcome. 

S.  V.  B.  Swann,  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee,  pre- 
sented an  extensive  report,  dwelling  particularly  upon  the  work 
of  the  Advisory  Council  of  the  Board  of  Health.  He  pointed 
out  that  the  druggist-members  were  participants  in  all  of  the 
Council  conferences,  but  were  always  in  the  minority  when 
matters  of  pharmaceutical  importance  were  voted  upon.  He 
said  that  the  New  York  Pharmaceutical  Conference  would 
soon  meet  to  suggest  regulations  which  would  place  physicians 
under  the  same  restrictions  in  dispensing  remedies  containing 
narcotics  as  are  now  placed  upon  pharmacists.  Mr.  Swann 
reminded  the  members  that  the  workingmen's  compensation  law 
went  into  effect  July  1  and  that  a  definite  interpretation  of  the 
law  would  be  made  by  insurance  experts  who  at  the  time  of 
this  meeting  were  about  to  confer  on  the  subject.  For  their 
own  protection  pharmacists  should  obtain  a  general  liability 
policy  at  once. 

Mr.  Swann  further  reported  that  only  two  employees  of  phar- 
macists had  been  arrested  for  the  illegal  sale  of  narcotic  reme- 
dies, which,  according  to  the  Sanitary  Superintendent  of  the 
Advisory  Council,  was  only  one-tenth  of  1  per  cent,  of  the 
pharmacists  of  Greater  New  York,  and  showed  that  those  who 
disobeyed  the  narcotic  law  were  outside  of  the  profession. 
The  pharmaceutical  conference  will  have  cards  printed  showing 
the  provisions  of  the  Boylan  bill  and  these  will  be  distributed 
to  all  the  pharmacists  in  the  city. 

Dr.  Klippert  enlightened  the  members  upon  the  financing 
of  the  pharmaceutical  conference.  The  conference  consisted 
of  delegates  from  12  local  organizations,  only  six  of  which  have 
contributed  to  its  expenses.  Of  these  the  G.A.S.  had  been 
in  the  lead  and  the  Kings  County  Ph.S.  second.  The  six 
non-contributors  will  not  be  permitted  to  vote  unless  they  pay 
up  and  their  right  to  send  delegates  will  be  withdrawn. 

Otto  P.  Gilbert,  chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee, 
again  called  attention  to  the  soceity's  annual  outing.  He  re- 
ported the  donation  of  a  number  of  prizes  for  contests  held 
on  that  occasion,  among  these  being  one  copy  of  his  "Prin- 
ciples of  Pharmacy"  donated  by  Professor  H.  V.  Amy,  and 
one  copy  of  the  U.S.  Dispensatory  donated   by  the  society. 

Treasurer  Robert  S.  Lehman  reported  that  no  objection  had 
been  raised  by  the  members  to  the  increase  in  the  monthly 
dues  made  recently. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  Oct,   1. 


Chicago  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 

The  Chicago  Branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation met  for  the  last  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the  season 
at  the  University  of  Illinois  School  of  Pharmacy  building,  with 
President  J.  H.  Wells  in  the  chair.  Mr.  Wells  introduced 
L.  A.  Becker,  who  lead  the  discussion  of  the  evening  on  the 
topic  "The  Preparations  of  the  New  U.S. P."  Jlr.  Becker 
made  suggestions  as  to  the  improvement  or  correction  of  several 
formulas  and  tests.  He  criticised  the  tests  for  iron  in  "Aqua," 
stating  that  he  found  the  "Heavy  Metals  Test"  of  the  present 
pharmacopoeia  more  efficient  than  the  proposed  test  for  metals 
and  that  the  proposed  test  for  iron  should  not  read  "imme- 
diately" but  should  have  a  time  limit.  Iron  1/100000  required 
one  minute  to  develop  a  positive  reaction,  1/500000  required 
iyi  to  5  minutes,  solutions  of  1/1000000  showed  the  color  only 
in  7  to  10  minutes.  He  pointed  out  in  connection  with  ".'\qua 
Destillata  Sterilisata"  and  "Liquor  Sodii  Chloridi  Physiolo- 
gicus"  the  necessity  for  extreme  care  in  sterilization  and 
recommended  for  the  latter  solution  fractional  sterilization, 
using  the  autoclave  at  115°  to  120°  for  15  to  20  minutes  on 
three  successive  days  or  boiling  for  one  hour  on  three  suc- 
cessive days.  He  stated  that  should  the  pharmacist  become 
the  purveyor  of  this  preparation  to  the  physician  the  directions 
as  proposed  for  sterilization  will  lead  to  many  a  dispute,  for 
where  there  is  trouble  from  infection,  where  sterilized  materials 
are  employed,  either  instruments,  dressings,  suture  materials, 
etc.,  or  preparations,  the  physician  almost  invariably  seeks  to. 
put  the  blame  on  any  other  cause,  however  far-fetched  his; 
reasoning,  rather  than  to  ascribe  bad  results  to  his  possible 
faulty  technique  or  poor  judgment.  For  the  pharmacist's  pro- 
tection against  accusations  of  this  nature,  the  process  of 
sterilization  should  produce  unquestionable  results  and  the 
most  thorough  is  none  too  safe. 

Mr.  Wm.  Gray  followed  Mr.  Becker  with  the  foltowing 
suggestions: 


336 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[July,  1914 


Liquor  Cresolis  Comp. :  Use  sapo  mollis  and  cresol  equal 
parts.  Dissolve  with  heat.  Tinct.  lod. :  Use  40  cc.  of  water 
to  the  liter  of  tincture  for  insuring  solution  of  the  K.I.  Tincv. 
Aurantii  Dulcis  and  Tinct.  Limonis  Corte-t :  Retain  the  present 
formula.  More  oil  will  be  lost  by  grating.  Tinctures  in 
general:  There  sliould  be  some  form  of  standardized  concen- 
trated preparation  of  the  assayed  drugs  which  could  be  diluted 
to  form  U.S. P.  tinctures  for  tlie  benefit  of  pharmacists  who 
cannot  afford  to  make  such  tinctures  and  assay  the  same  as 
the  Pharmacopoeia  now  demands.  The  present  tincture  of 
nu.\  vomica  is  an  example  of  what  I  mean.  Otherwise  the 
entire  preparation  of  assayed  tinctures  is  going  into  the  hands 
of  the  pharmaceutical  manufacturer.  The  plan  proposed  would 
allow  considerable  saving  both  in  cost  of  container,  menstruum 
and  freight. 

.\  communication  was  received  from  R.  E.  Rhode,  who 
commented  as  follows: 

.\romatic  waters  should  be  made  with  magnesia  instead  of 
talcum.  Recently  boiled  water  may  lead  to  better  preparations. 
Solution  of  magnesium  citrate  should  be  made  by  the  cold 
process  and  with  spirit  of  lemon  instead  of  the  oil.  The 
proposed  process  is  altogether  too  complicated  for  what  is 
practically  an  e.xtemporaneous  preparation  and  furthermore  a 
volatile  oil  should  not  be  added  to  a  hot  liquid.  He  recom- 
mends the  return  to  the  use  of  the  name  Tr.  Saponis  Mollis 
or  Spir.  Saponis  Mollis  instead  of  Linimentum  Saponis  Mollis. 

In  the  discussion  of  Mr.  Gray's  suggestion  of  "concentrate" 
for  tincture  making,  Professor  Clark  opposed  the  idea,  believing 
that  a  druggist  using  guaranteed  assayed  drugs  should  be 
educated  to  prepare  U.S. P.  tinctures  from  them. 

Professor  Day  suggested  that  neighborhood  druggists  should 
club  together  and  engage  an  expert  to  make  the  U.S. P.  prepa- 
rations in  larger  quantities  and  of  standard   quality  for  them. 

Mr.  Storer,  in  commenting  on  the  preparation  of  green  soap 
and  comp.  solution  of  cresol,  stated  that  he  prepared  in 
SO-pound  quantities  with  careful  manipulation  and  not  too 
close  an  adherence  to  the  formula  and  then  allowed  it  to  age 
for  three  months.  From  this  soap  he  prepared  the  cresol 
solution  and  allowed  it  to  age  some  months  before  use.  Both 
preparations  were  declared   to   be  very   satisfactory. 

Secretary  Gathercoal  read  a  letter  from  Fred  Meissner,  of 
LaPorte,  trustee  of  the  Pharmacopoeia,  who  stated  that  the 
prospects  for  the  new  U.S. P.  to  be  in  print  early  this  Fall 
■were  very  good  indeed. 

Arkansas  Associatioii  of  Pharmacists. 

At  the  32d  annual  meeting  of  the  Arkansas  -Association  of 
Pharmacists  at  Little  Rock,  Pine  Bluff  was  chosen  for  the 
1915  meeting,  and  the  following  officers  were  chosen  by  the 
association  and  by  the  travelers: 

A  A.  of  P. — President,  Roy  Chamberlain,  Malvern;  1st  vice- 
president,  Brookes  Latimer,  De  Queen;  2d  vice-president, 
Sidney  Beasley.  Hot  Springs;  secretary-treasurer,  Miss  Mary 
A.  Fein;  Herman  A.  Durst,  chairman  of  executive  committee; 
for  vacancy  on  State  Board,  J.  A.  Gibson,  J.  F.  Dowdy  and 
Roy  Chamberlain. 

Pharmaceutical  Travelers — President,  J.  L.  Bomar,  Little 
Rock;  1st  vice-president,  L.  F.  Cappleman,  Little  Rock;  2d 
vice-president,  G.  L.  Gideon,  Little  Rock;  3d  vice-president, 
W.  J.  Conery,  Little  Rock;  secretary-treasurer,  F.  V.  Perry, 
Little  Rock. 


was  held  at  Lloyd's  Library,  and  the  reports  indicated  a  highly 
succtssful  year.  The  following  officers  were  elected:  President, 
E  H.  Thiesing;  1st  vice-president,  F.  W.  Weissmann;  2d 
vice-president,  J.  F.  Kutdibauch;  treasurer,  Julius  Greyer; 
secretarv,  Chas.  A.  Apmeyer;  executive  committee,  A.  O. 
Zwick,  C.  T.  P.  Fennell,  C.  G.  Merrell. 


Delaware   Pharmaceutical    Society. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Delaware  Pharmaceutical  Society 
was  held  June  4  at  the  Hotel  DuPont,  Wilmington,  with  a 
large  attendance.  .'\  luncheon  and  minstrel  show  followed  the 
business  session.  The  delegates  endorsed  the  Stevens  price- 
maintenance  bill  unanimously.  Dr.  A.  W.  Miller  made  a  brief 
address  in  regard  to  the  Procter  memorial  fund,  and  told  in- 
terestingly of  his  studies  at  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Phar- 
macy under  the  late  Professor  Procter,  who  is  known  as  the 
"father  of  American  pharmacy."  Members  were  urged  to  use 
their  influence  with  Congress  to  secure  a  site  and  base  for  the 
statue  in  front  of  the  Smithsonian  Institute.  The  Delaware 
society  has  289  active  members,  and  its  finances  were  reported 
to  be  in  a  good  condition.  Among  the  addresses  was  one  by 
Dr.  H.  J.  Watson,  on  "Drug  Adulteration."  The  following 
officers  were  elected: 

President,  George  W.  Rhoades;  vice-president.  New  Castle 
county.  Miss  Nora  V.  Brendle;  vice-president,  Kent  county, 
Walter  P.  Keys ;  vice-president,  Sussex  county,  W.  H.  Cham- 
bers; secretary,  Walter  A.  Morgan;  treasurer,  W.  A.  Grant; 
board  of  directors,  George  W.  Rhoades,  Harry  Ivins,  Richard 
N.  Saunders,  T.  H.  Cappeau,  W.  R.  Keys. 

The  association  selected  the  following  list  of  names  from 
which  Governor  Miller  will  make  an  appointment  to  the  State 
Board:  W.  H.  Chambers,  George  W.  Rioades,  R.  M.  Kauff- 
man,   Ernest  A.  Truitt  and  Joseph  P.  Williams. 


Florida  Ph. A. 

K  large  number  of  Florida  druggists  with  their  wives  and 
guests  attended  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Florida  Ph. A.  which 
convened  at  .\tlantic  Beach  June  10  w'ith  Dr.  W.  J.  Maloy, 
of  White  Springs,  the  vice-president,  in  the  chair,  in  the 
absence  of  President  Leroy  Cotter.  Mayor  Thornton,  of 
Ormond,  welcomed  the  druggists,  to  which  M.  M.  Tyler,  of 
Tampa,  replied.  The  entertainment  in  connection  with  the 
convention  was  under  the  direction  of  the  Travelers'  Auxiliary 
and  consisted  of  an  excursion  from  Mayport  to  Jacksonville, 
where  automobiles  conveyed  the  visitors  to  the  ostrich  farm, 
and  later  to  an  entertainment  at   the  Board  of  Trade. 

The  following  officers  were  elected :  President,  M.  M.  Taylor, 
Tampa;  1st  vice-president,  W.  J.  Malloy,  White  Springs;  2d 
vice-president,  E.  M.  Norton,  Jacksonville;  3d  vice-president, 
F.  D.  Bryan,  Lakeland;  secretary,  J.  H.  Horton,  Palatka; 
treasurer,  W.  M.  Johnson,  Gainesville;  executive  committee, 
Wm.  D.  Jones,  Jacksonville;  Macon  Thornton,  Ormond;  D. 
W.  Ramsaur,  Palatka.  Mr.  Ramsaur  was  also  recommended 
for  appointment  to  the  State  Board. 


Georgia  Ph.A. 

The  Georgia  Pharmaceutical  .Association  held  its  annual 
two  days'  convention  at  Indian  Springs,  with  an  attendance  of 
70  delegates.  W.  A.  Pigman,  of  Savannah,  was  elected  presi- 
dent, and  S.  E.  Payne,  of  Macon,  vice-president.  A  traveling 
men's  auxiliary  was  organized  and  will  meet  with  the  asso- 
ciation next  year  at  Tybee  island. 


American  Woman's  Ph.A. 

A  regular  meeting  of  the  .A.W.P.A.  was  held  at  the  New 
■york  College  of  Pharmacy  on  May  11,  when  Dr.  Diekman 
gave  a  very  interesting  talk  on  the  progress  of  pharmacy.  At 
the  June  meeting  three  new  members  were  introduced.  .\ 
committee  of  two  was  appointed  to  arrange  for  a  social  gather- 
ing at  Woodmere  in  September,  through  the  invitation  of  Mrs. 
Wisendanger.  .\  committee  of  five  was  named  to  bid  farewell 
to  President  Wisendanger  and  Miss  Kramer  when  they  sail 
for  Europe  on  July  2,  with  the  G.A.S.  excursion.  Miss 
Lillian  Listerman  and  Mrs.  Evelyn  Baker  Schw^ager  v.-ere 
elected  delegates  to  the  N.Y.Ph..A.  convention  at  Saratoga. 
Miss  Listerman  spoke  on  bichloride  poisoning,  and  the  meet- 
ing adjourned  for  refreshments  at  10  p.m.,  it  being  the  final 
session  vmtil  Fall. 


Cincinnati  Branch,  Ph.A. 
The  first  annual  meeting  of  the  Cincinnati  branch,  A.Ph.A., 


Illinois  Pharmaceutical  Association. 

With  the  slogan  of  "A  week-end  at  Fox  Lake,"  the  Illinois 
Pharmaceutical  .Association  assembled  June  11,  12  and  13  and 
had  a  very  successful  convention.  For  the  first  time  in  many 
years  the  association  had  selected  a  Summer  resort  for  the  place 
of  meeting,  and  that  the  experiment  was  a  success  was  the 
expression  of  practically  all  the  300  or  more  druggists  and 
travelers  who  attended. 

The  entertainment  was  cared  for  entirely  by  members  of  the 
Illinois  Pharmaceutical  Travelers'  Association.  The  usual 
opening  addresses  were  dispensed  with.  The  association  got 
down  to  business  at  the  very  first  session  and  listened  to  an 
excellent  address  by  President  Ralph  E.  Dorland.  President 
Dorland  is  but  34  years  old,  but  has  had  wide  experience  in 
association  work  and  his  presidential  address  as  well  as  the 
skilful  manner  in  which  he  handled  the  convention  were  widely 
commented  upon.  He  especially  urged  the  druggists  to  get  into 
politics  to  make  themselves  felt  as  a  political  factor  to  the  end 


July,  1914] 


THE   PHAEMACEUTICAL   ERA 


337 


that  the  interests  of  pharmacy  might  be  conserved  in  both  State 
and  National  legislation.  He  urged  the  formation  of  local 
organizations  and  the  cordial  support  of  the  two  great  National 
associations — the  A. Ph. A.  and  the  N.A.R.D.  He  made  a 
strong  plea  for  a  wider  co-operation  among  all  pharmacists, 
especially  in  view  of  the  need  for  anti-narcotic  legislation  and 
the  powerful  opposition  that  had  developed.  He  urged  that  the 
Illinois  Pharmaceutical  Association  be  made  an  all-year-round 
organization  and  that  its  activities  be  not  limited  to  the  few 
days  of  the  annual  convention  and  the  semi-annual  session  of 
the  executive  committee.  He  recommended  the  maintenance  of 
permanent  headquarters  and  the  employment  of  an  organizer 
to  recruit  the  membership  and  interest  the  druggists  in  the 
work  of  the  association.  President  Borland's  address  was 
referred  to  a  committee  consisting  of  W.  S.  Denton,  O.  C. 
Nussle  and  Jas.  H.  ^Yells. 

The  report  of  the  secretary,  W.  B.  Day,  included  the  pre- 
sentation of  133  new  members  who  were  elected.  This  is  the 
largest  accession  of  members  in  many  years. 

Treasurer  Carver's  report  showed  an  income  for  the  year 
of  $1765.68  and  expenditures  of  $1914.39.  There  was  $600.00 
in  the  permanent  fund  and  $1260.63  in  the  general  fund  at  the 
close  of  the  fiscal  year.  May  31,  1914. 

Chairman  Byron  Armstrong,  of  the  committee  on  trade  in- 
terests, strongly  endorsed  legislation  aimed  at  the  establishment 
of  a  system  of  one-price-to-all  on  trade-marked  and  branded 
goods.  The  committee  also  discussed  the  ruling  of  the  Internal 
Revenue  Department  on  the  addition  of  medicinal  substances 
in  small  amounts  to  alcoholic  liquids  and  advised  all  druggists 
to  steer  clear  of  the  "booze  patents,"  also  exceeding  care  in 
the  sale  of  alcoholic  medicines  in  local  option  territories.  The 
resolutions  were  adopted. 

Chairman  Charles  Brunstrom  presented  the  report  of  the 
legislative  committee  which  dealt  with  the  clerk  question,  ad- 
vocating the  extension  of  the  authority  granted  the  registered 
assistant  in  taking  charge  of  a  drug  store  during  the  temporary 
absence  of  the  registered  man  which  authority  is  now  given 
for  short  periods  only.  It  was  suggested  that  the  registered 
assistant  pharmacist  should  be  authorized  to  take  charge  of 
the  store  in  emergencies  even  for  a  week  or  so.  The  committee 
further  recommended  that  at  the  coming  session  of  the  Legis- 
lature the  energies  of  the  association  be  centered  on  the  passage 
of  a  strong  anti-narcotic  measure. 

President  F.  T.  Provost  presented  an  unusually  complete 
report  of  the  operations  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy  for  the  past 
year.  He  advocated  the  inclusion  in  the  pharmacy  law  of  a 
section  forbidding  the  sale  of  opium,  morphine  and  heroin  or 
chloral  hydrate  or  their  derivatives  excepting  upon  prescription 
and  with  the  usual  exemptions  of  wholesalers,  physicians,  den- 
tists and  veterinarians,  also  the  labeling  of  proprietary  or  patent 
medicines  containing  these  substances.  He  also  recommended 
the  strengthening  of  the  cocaine  section  of  the  present  phar- 
macy law  so  as  to  make  it  unlawful  for  any  layman  to  have 
in  his  possession  at  any  time  cocaine  or  its  derivatives  unless 
obtained  by  means  of  a  prescription.  A  fourth  recommenda- 
tion was  to  require  the  labeling  of  poisonous  insecticides  such 
as  Paris  green  and  lead  arsenate,  these  to  bear  the  word  poison 
in  prominent  type  and  the  names  of  two  readily  obtainable 
antidotes  with  directions  for  their  administration.  A  fifth 
recommendation  would  provide  a  penalty  for  any  person  who 
falsely  represents  himself  to  be  an  apprentice,  assistant  phar- 
macist or  registered  pharmacist. 

Secretary  Potts,  of  the  N.A.R.D.,  made  a  stirring  address 
and  offered  resolutions  regarding  the  unfair  practice  of  cut- 
ting prices  on  standard  goods,  commending  the  Stevens  bill  and 
pledging  the  earnest  support  of  this  association.  These  resolu- 
tions were  unanimously  adopted. 

Other  reports  were  made  as  follows:  For  the  committee  on 
propaganda,  Lee  M.  Pedigo,  chairman;  for  the  committee  on 
Druggists'  Home,  George  W.  Sohrbeck,  chairman. 

Resolutions  were  adopted  endorsing  the  National  Association 
of  Retail  Druggists  and  continuing  affiliation  with  that  asso- 
ciation. 

Awards  of  prizes  for  essays  were  made  as  follows:  First 
prize,  T.  A.  Mahaffy,  "The  Advertising  Value  of  Your  'Win- 
dow";  2d  prize   to  H.  N.  Bruun,   "Advertising  Schemes." 

The  secretary  read  the  result  of  the  vote  taken  by  the  regis- 
tered pharmacists  of  the  State  for  nomination  for  the  Board  of 
Pharmacy  and  Advisory  Board.  The  following  nominees  were 
selected  for  presentation  to  the  Governor  for  his  consideration 
in  appointing  a  member  to  fill  the  next  vacancy  on  the  Board 


of  Pharmacy:  J.  B.  Michels,  El  Paso;  Robert  Clarkson, 
Springiield;  Lee  M.  Pedigo,  Chicago.  To  the  president  of  the 
University  of  Illinois  for  appointment  of  a  member  of  the 
Advisory  Board  to  fill  the  next  vacancy,  the  following  were 
selected :  Jos.  F.  Shreve,  Jacksonville ;  J.  C.  Wheatcroft,  Gray- 
ville ;  Joseph  Hottinger,  Chicago. 

Officers   for   the   ensuing   year   were   elected   as   follows : 
President,    W.    F.    Baum,    Danville;    vice-president,    Julius 
Riemenschneider,   Chicago;   W.  S.  Denton,  Beardstown;   Byron 
Armstrong,     Jacksonville;     secretary,     W.     B.     Day,     Chicago; 
treasurer.  Christian  Carver,  Bloomington. 

It  was  decided  to  hold  the  next  meeting  during  the  third 
week  in  June  at  a  place  to  be  determined  by  the  executive 
committee. 


Iowa    Ph.A. 

The  Iowa  Pharmaceutical  Association  held  a  record-breaking 
convention  at  Btirlington,  beginning  June  9,  with  more  than 
500  delegates  registered  the  first  day  of  the  session,  the  35th 
annual  "getting-together"  of  Iowa  druggists.  This  500,  how- 
ever, was  only  about  a  third  of  those  in  attendance  as  between 
1400  and  1500  delegates,  friends  and  guests  were  in  Burlington 
for  the  festivities.  In  his  address  President  George  Miller, 
of  Marion,  urged  the  appointment  of  a  State  Pharmacy  Board 
drug  inspector  and  strongly  advocated  the  passage  of  the 
Stevens'  price-protection  bill.  Resolutions  to  this  effect  were 
passed.  President  Miller  announced  the  following  advisory 
board,   one  member  from  each   Congressional  district : 

First,  J.  H.  Axt,  Fort  Madison;  2d,  Milo  J.  John,  Clinton; 
3d,  C.  A.  Evans,  Independence ;  4th,  A.  C.  Wilson,  Oelwein ; 
5th,  A.  S.  Gibbons,  Anamosa;  6th,  E.  F.  Haffner,  Sigoumey; 
7th,  E.  Kenney,  Indianola ;  8th,  George  Jay,  Shenandoah ;  9th, 
C.  A.  Harlan,  Harlan;  10th,  W.  W.  Haire,  Fort  Dodge;  11th, 
J.  A.  Todd,  Sioux  City. 

This  advisory  board  is  a  new  departure  in  organized  drug- 
dom,  its  object  being  the  consideration  of  leading  questions  of 
interest  to  druggists  and  reports  to  the  members  of  the  asso- 
ciation as  occasion  requires.  The  first  duty  of  the  board  this 
year  was  the  nomination  of  officers  of  the  association  for  the 
following  term. 

The  big  event  of  the  first  day  was  an  entertainment  in  the 
coliseum  at  Crapo  Park — "some  show"  was  the  general  verdict. 
A  "Dutch  lunch,"  music,  wrestling  matches,  etc.,  were  features. 

Ball  games,  an  athletic  meet  with  scores  of  prizes,  band  con- 
certs by  two  bands,  dances,  banquet  and  amusement  features 
galore  kept  the  drug  men  and  their  guests  interested  and  busy 
when  the   business  sessions  had  adjourned. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  ensuing  year, 
during  the  steamboat  excursion  to  Keokuk  on   a   big  steamer : 

President,  A.  J.  Kilmer,  Mason  City;  1st  vice-president, 
Joseph  R.  Sutter,  Burlington;  2d  vice-president,  Arthur 
Kiedaisch,  Keokuk ;  3d  vice-president,  Milo  J.  John,  Clinton ; 
secretary,  Al  Falkenhainer,  Algona;  treasurer,  J.  M.  Lindley, 
■Winfield;  executive  committee,  J.  D.  Rover,  Cedar  Rapids; 
H.  S.  Keabels,  Pella;   J.  A.  Todd,  Sioux  City. 

Following  are  the  new  officers  of  the  Iowa  Pharmaceutical 
Travelers'  Association:  M.  H.  Wick,  president,  Des  Moines; 
W.  J.  Schneider,  1st  vice-president,  St.  Paul;  W.  C.  Wright, 
2d  vice-president.  Cedar  Falls;  J.  B.  Vincent,  3d  vice-president, 
Oskaloosa ;  J.  R.  Cochran,  secretary-treasurer,  Des  Moines. 
The  following  were  elected  to  serve  on  the  Council : 

W.  G.  Haupt,  chairman,  Des  Moines;  R.  E.  Kilboume, 
Ecgar  Hurford,  Minneapolis;  W.  T.  Curwen,  Chicago;  H.  N. 
McCann,  Elkhart,  Ind. 

Three  insurance  directors  were  elected:  W.  W.  Haire,  of 
Ft.  Dodge;  George  M.  Pedersen,  of  Storm  Lake,  and  E.  E, 
Conner,  of  Algona. 


Kansas  Ph.A. 

_  The  annual  meeting  of  the  Kansas  Pharmaceutical  Associa- 
tion was  held  at  Hutchinson,  and  there  was  a  large  attendance 
for  a  town  situated  so  far  from  the  larger  cities  and  imxs 
densely  populated  Eastern  part  of  the  State. 

The  association  went  into  executive  session  during  the  read- 
ing of  President  Reed's  address,  which  was  full  of  timely 
matter  for  the  needs  of  the  druggists  of  the  day. 

Secretary  Von  Riesen's  report  showed  that  he  had  had  a 
hard  year  of  work  and  that  much  was  accomplished  not  onlv 
for  the  upbuildmg  of  the  association  but  also  in  'lightening 
the  burden  of  the  druggists  in  the  United  States  bv  bavins 
been  successful  m  gettmg  a  number  of  manufacturers  to  reduce 


338 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[JULT,  1914 


their  prices  to  the  2,  4  and  $  standard  of  the  X.A.R.D. 
Sevent>-nine  members  were  added  to  the  roll,  and  this  brings 
the  total  to  about  650. 

The  association  at  Lawrence  a  year  ago  ordered  that  the 
secretary-  be  instructed  to  take  a  vote  by  mail  on  the  following 
questions : 

Shall  the  K.Ph.A.  reaffiliate  with  the  N.A.R.D.? 

Shall  the  K.Ph.A.  amend  its  by-laws  so  that  members  of 
the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  shall  not  be  eligible  to  serve  more 
than   two  successive  terms? 

The  vote  stood  overwhelmingly  in  favor  of  both  questions, 
and  the  association  amended  its  by-laws  to  conform  with  the 
result  of  the  vote. 

Speakers  before  the  association  were  National  Secretary 
Thos.  H.  Potts,  J.  B.  Wood,  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.;  R.  E. 
Bell,   of  Frederick   Steams  &  Co.,  and  Jas.  M.    Love,   M.D. 

It  was  the  misfortune  of  Mr.  Potts,  while  in  Hutchinson, 
to  contract  a  very  severe  case  of  biliousness  combined  with 
vertigo,  which  not  only  prevented  him  from  attending  several 
sessions  of  the  convention  but  also  debarred  him  from  the 
banquet  at  the  Bissante  Hotel  where  he  was  to  have  made  an 
address. 

J.  B.  Wood  read  a  paper  on  "Biological  Products"  and 
R.  E.  Bell  read  a  paper  on  "Co-operation  and  Kindred  Ideas." 

.\  memorial  meeting  was  held  in  commemoration  of  Charles 
L.  Becker,  deceased.  Mr.  Becker  served  for  many  years  as  an 
officer  of  the  Kansas  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  and  was  well 
and  favorably  known  by  the  various  members  of  State  asso- 
ciations as  well  as  National.  Many  druggists  eulogized  Mr. 
Becker. 

The  newly  elected  officers  are:  President,  Walter  J.  Bangs, 
Madison;  1st  vice-president,  J.  W.  Giesburg,  Kansas  City; 
2d  vice-president,  E.  E.  Bloom,  Hutchinson;  secretary,  D.  v. 
Riesen,   Marysville;    treasurer,    John   Schmitter,    Gypsum    City. 

The  Kansas  Pharmaceutical  Travelers'  Association  resolved 
at  their  last  meeting  in  Lawrence  to  be  the  entertainers  or 
hosts  of  the  guests  at  the  meeting  in  the  future  and  they 
certainly  did  some  entertaining !  In  fact,  the  banquet  at  the 
Bissante.  one  of  the  favorably  known  hostelries  of  the  Harvey 
system,  was  one  to  be  remembered.  Plates  to  the  number  of 
300  were  laid.  Claud  Coon,  who  had  been  chosen  as  toast- 
master,  had  to  be  unavoidably  absent,  so  H.  S.  Lynn  w-as 
substituted,  and  as  he  is  an  ex-drug  representative,  he  felt 
perfectly  at  home. 

The  ladies  were  charmingly  entertained  with  a  musicale  and 
informal  reception  at  the  residence  of  Mrs.  E.  E.  Bloom, 
-with  a  general  reception  and  dance  at  the  Elks  Club.  Mrs. 
■O.  E.  Wherrett,  of  Atchison,  -nas  elected  president,  and  Mrs. 
N.  C.  Edelblute,  of  Topeka,  as  secretary. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  at  Wichita,  May  11,  12  and 
13,   1915. 


Louisiana   Fh.A. 

Whether  or  not  it  was  because  for  the  first  time  in  the 
history  of  the  association  the  annual  convention  of  the  Louisi- 
ana Ph. .A.  was  held  outside  of  New  Orleans,  the  recently  con- 
cluded meeting  of  that  organization  at  Shreveport  w-as  one  of 
the  most  interesting  and  most  successful  of  any  yet  held.  About 
90  new  members  were  added,  and  the  following  officers  were 
elected : 

President,  John  Gill  Wafer,  Homer;  1st  vice-president,  Fred 
Earhardt,  New  Orleans;  2d  vice-president,  Eugene  Daste,  New 
Orleans;  recording  secretary,  George  W.  McDuff,  New  Orleans; 
corresponding  secretary,  M.  Castreix,  New  Orleans;  treasurer, 
Dr.  George  S.  Brown,  New  Orleans;  executive  committee, 
Peter  Rupp,  E.  H.  Walsdorf,  Joseph  T.  Walker,  Gus  See- 
mann,  M.  Stolzenthaler,  New  Orleans;  delegates  to  the  A.Ph.A., 
T.  W.  Peyton,  W.  G.  Hudson,  Hamilton  Monroe  and  Paul 
Eckles. 

The  convention  favored :  76  hours  per  week  oa  a  two  weeks' 
basis  for  pharmacists  and  clerks;  a  registration  fee  of  $15 
instead  of  $8;  the  rigid  enforcement  of  the  anti-narcotic  laws, 
with  the  appointment  of  an  advisory  council  of  five  to  confer 
with  the  board  of  health;  the  appointment  of  an  inspector  of 
drugs  to  be  appointed  by  the  State  Board  of  Health  from  five 
names  to  be  presented  by  the  association — inspector  to  be  at 
least  30  years  of  age  and  to  have  had  at  least  five  years' 
experience  as  a  registered  pharmacist;  the  enforcement  of  the 
law  requiring  that  every  applicant  for  registration  shall_  have 
been  dulv  registered  as  an  apprentice  at  the  time  of  his  en- 
trance into  business;  an  increase  of  the  secretary's  salary  by  $50. 


Maine  Ph. A. 
As  we  go  to  press  the  annual  convention  of  the  Maine  Phar- 
maceutical .-Xssociation  is  being  held  in  Bangor,  on  June  30, 
July  1,  2,  the  entertainment  being  under  the  direction  of  a 
committee  made  up  of  Charles  H.  Davis,  Bangor;  C.  M.  Brown, 
Bangor;  W.  C.  Mutty,  Old  Town;  C.  E.  Walmsley,  Bangor. 
The  first  business  session  includes  an  address  by  Mayor  Utter- 
back,  automobile  trips,  open  air  entertainments,  a  day  at 
Penobscot  Park,  Stockton,  with  shore  dinner  and  ball  game;  a 
grand  ball  and  distribution  of  prizes  are  among  the  features 
scheduled. 


Michig-an    Ph.A. 

The  34th  annual  convention  of  the  Wisconsin  Ph..\.  was 
held  at  Dclavan  Lake,  June  16,  17,  18  and  19,  and  was  one 
of  the  most  successful  gatherings  in  the  history  of  the  organi- 
zation. The  annual  entertainment  by  the  Wisconsin  Phar- 
maceutical Travelers'  Association  included  many  new  and 
novel  features.  The  first  session  was  devoted  to  reports  of 
officers  and  committees,  appointment  of  committees  and  new 
business.  President  Louis  H.  Kressin,  of  Milwaukee,  delivered 
his  annual  address.  The  welcome  of  the  travelers'  organization 
was  offered  by  President  Julius  Kauders.  The  Ladies'  Auxi- 
liary announcement  was  made  by  Mrs.  William  Thomson, 
president.  George  Weigle  presented  the  legislative  committee 
report;  George  H.  Kesten  reported  on  the  school  of  pharmacy, 
while  E.  E.  Williams  presented  the  report  of  the  U.S. P. 
committee.  In  the  evening  the  traveling  men's  annual  enter- 
tainment was  given,  followed  by  dancing. 

Interesting  reports  were  presented  Wednesday  morning  as 
follows:  E.  B.  Heimstreet,  committee  on  trade  interests;  com- 
mittee on  adulteration,  Prof.  R.  Fisher;  committee  on  national 
legislation,  S.  \.  Eckstein ;  historical  committee.  Prof.  E. 
Kremers;  committee  on  propaganda,  E.  G.  Raeuber;  druggists' 
national  home  at  Palmyra,  Wis.,  George  H.  Kesten  and  E.  B. 
Heimstreet.  Another  band  concert  and  a  reception  and  card 
party  for  the  ladies  in  the  hotel  parlors  were  held  Wednesday 
forenoon.  The  annual  baseball  game  between  the  druggists 
and  the  travelers  took  place  in  the  afternoon.  A  musical  en- 
tertainment, foUott-ed  by  dancing  was  the  attraction  on 
Wednesday  evening. 

E.  B.  Heimstreet  and  William  Kaiser  reported  on  the  fire 
insurance  proposition  Thursday  morning,  after  which  the  an- 
nual election  of  officers,  directors  and  State  Board  members 
took  place.  The  annual  business  meetings  of  the  Travelers' 
organization  and  the  Ladies'  Auxiliary  were  held  Thursday. 
Another  band  concert  and  the  annual  athletic  contest  took  up 
all  of  Thursday  afternoon,  while  in  the  evening  the  Ladies' 
Auxiliary   gave  an   annual  entertainment,   followed   by  dancing. 

The  installation  of  the  new  officers  took  place  on  Friday 
morning  of  the  last  day.  More  band  music  and  another  round 
of  athletic  contests  consumed  the  afternoon  and  brought  to  a 
close  the  four-day  session. 


Mississippi   Ph.A. 

The  two  days'  annual  session  of  the  Mississippi  Ph.A.  was 
held  at  Jackson,  and  that  city  w-as  again  chosen  as  the  meet- 
ing-place for  1915,  on  the  second  Tuesday  in  June.  The 
officers  elected  were:  President,  J.  Clyde  McGee,  Jackson; 
1st  vice-president,  J.  B.  Atkinson,  Water  Valley;  2d  vice- 
president,  W.  H.  Hardy,  Kosciusko;  secretary-treasurer.  Miss 
Flora  Scarborough,  Laurel;  executive  committee,  George  L. 
Jloore,  Hunter  M.  Todd  and  E.  H.  Bradshaw,  all  of  Jackson. 
.\  meeting  of  the  alumni  of  pharmaceutical  department  of  the 
University  of  Mississippi  was  held  at  which  an  alumni  asso- 
ciation was  formed  wi4h  the  following  officers:  President, 
Leslie  P.  Johnson,  Levington;  vice-president,  R.  Hills,  Leakes- 
ville;  secretary,  F.  G.  Mann,  Yazoo  City. 


Missouri  Ph.A. 

The  Missouri  Pharmaceutical  Association  met  in  36th  annual 
conyention  June  16,  for  a  session  running  through  to  the  19th, 
inclusive,  at  Pertle  Springs,  a  resort  at  Warrensburg.  The 
Missouri  Pharmaceutical  Travelers'  Association  held  its  23d 
annual  convention  at  the  same  place  on  Jime  18. 

Francis  Hemm,  St.  Louis,  was  chairman  of  the  committee 
on  papers  and  queriee,  and  others  on  the  committee  were  F.  W. 
Sultan,  St.  Louis;  Louis  Lieberstein,  St.  Louis;  J.  M.  Love, 
Kansas  City;  F.  W.  Robinson,  Warrensburg,  Following  were 
chairmen  of  conrmiittees :  Deceased  members,  F.  R.  Dimmitt; 
drug   adulterations,    M.   M.    Whitney,    Kansas   City;    e.xhibits, 


July,  1914] 


THE   PHAEMACEUTICAL   ERA 


339 


J.  E.  Koppenbrink,  Higginsville;  legislation,  F,  H.  Fricke,  St. 
Louis;  National  Formulary,  O.  J.  Cloughly,  St.  Louis;  mem- 
bership and  attendance,  W.  C.  lender,  St.  Joseph ;  trade  in- 
terests, J.  A.  Kinder,  Cape  Girardeau;  transportation;  J. 
George  WirUiam,  Kansas  City;  U.S.  Pharmacopoeia,  William 
Mittelbach,  Boonville;  au.xiliary  committee  on  legislation,  C.  J. 
Walker,  Hannibal;  welcome,  Dr.  Otto  F.  Claus,  St.  Louis; 
candidates  for  board  of  pharmacy,  D.  V.  Whitney,  Kansas 
City;  pharmaceutical  assay  processes,  F.  H.  Fricke,  St.  Louis; 
conference  committee  on  entertainment,  Francis  Hemm,  St. 
Louis. 

Response  to  the  welcome  by  Mayor  Mayes,  of  Warrensburg, 
was  by  A.  W.  Pauley  for  the  Missouri  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation. There  was  a  reception  of  delegates  from  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  National  Association  of  Retail 
Druggists  and  other  organizations.  President  E.  G.  Schroers' 
address  was  followed  by  Dr.  H.  M.  Whelpley's  report  as  per- 
manent secretary.  L.  A.  Seitz  was  chairman  of  the  entertain- 
ment committee  of  the  Missouri  Pharmaceutical  Association, 
and  Mrs.  H.  M.  Whelpley  was  chairlady  of  the  ladies'  enter- 
tainment committee.  W.  F.  Kahre  was  chairman  of  the  Phar- 
maceutical Travelers'  entertainment  committee.  The  leader  of 
the  band  as  usual  was  "Prof."  Charles  J.  Wagner. 

A  feature  of  the  Travelers'  entertainment  was  the  grand 
opening  of  Locatell's  barber  shop.  The  druggists  and  travelers 
paraded.  There  was  a  baseball  "scramble,"  a  potato  race,  a 
football  kick,  an  egg  and  sposn  race.  A  musical  entertainment 
was  given  in  the  auditorium. 


Kontana  Fh.A. 

The  Montana  Pharmaceutical  Association  will  hold  its  annual 
meeting  in  Kalispell,  Mont.,  on  July  17  and  18.  The  railroads 
have  granted  a  fare  of  one  and  one-third  for  the  return  trjp 
from  all  points  in  Montana.  This  promises  to  be  the  most 
successful  meeting  ever  held  by  the  association.  For  a  number 
of  years  the  association  has  been  small  in  numbers,  and  at  the 
last  annual  meeting  there  was  a  membership  of  but  50.  There 
are  217  drug  stores  in  Montana  and  more  than  90  per  cent, 
belong  to  the  association  at  the  present  time,  a  large  increase 
in  membership  which  has  resulted  from  the  activity  of  State 
Secretary  Ridell  and  from  the  efforts  of  druggists  in  Kalispell. 
The  local  committee  has  prepared  a  very  interesting  programme 
including  an  e.xcursion  across  Flathead  Lake.  Kalispell  is  only 
30  miles  from  Glacier  National  Park,  and  the  visitors  will  be 
permitted  stop-overs  at  either  Belton  or  Glacier  Park  Station 
for  the  purpose  of  visiting  the  park.  Kalispell  is  well  provided 
with  hotels,  and  all  prospective  visitors  who  desire  to  reserve 
rooms  in  advance  may  do  so  by  sending  a  request  to  the  effect 
to  the  secretary  of  Kalispell  Chamber  of  Commerce. 


North   Carolina   Ph.A. 

The  35th  armual  convention  of  the  North  Carolina  Ph.A. 
was  held  at  Hendersonville,  June  17-19.  The  guest  of  honor 
was  Dr.  James  H.  Beal,  secretary  of  the  A.Ph.A.,  who  spoke 
on  tlie  17th. 


»  Ohio    Ph.A. 

The  36th  annual  convention  of  the  Ohio  Ph.A.  will  be  held 
at  Cedar  Point,  on  Lake  Erie,  July  7-10  "without  a  dull 
moment  in  the  programme."  The  entertainment  features  are  in 
the  hands  of  the  Travelers'  Au.xiliary,  and  all  the  business 
sessions  will  be  brief  and  to  the  point.  The  Council  promises 
to  remove  all  the  dull  spots,  and  only  allow  the  interesting 
things  to  come  before  the  delegates.  The  special  addresses  will 
be  made  by  Dr.  W.  A.  T.  Andrews,  of  New  York;  the  Hon. 
S.  E.  Strode,  of  the  Agricultural  Commission;  Prof.  J.  G. 
Haleplaeus,  Fred  B.  Atchison  and  Charles  Barker.  The  enter- 
tainment programme  contains  almost  every  conceivable  form 
of  recreation,  both  social  and  athletic.  Special  rates  have 
been  made  at  tH;  Hotel  Breakers. 


Among  the  business  before  the  convention  was  the  prepara- 
tion of  legislation  pertaining  to  the  practice  of  pharmacy  in 
the  State,  the  proposed  bills  to  be  presented  at  the  Fall  session 
of  the  Legislature.  President  Richard  H,  Lackey  presided, 
and  in  addition  to  the  reports  of  Secretary  Edgar  F.  Heffner] 
Treasurer  Francis  H.  E.  Gleim,  and  the  executive  committee 
through  Chairman  Howard  J.  Siegfried,  the  following  com- 
mittees were  heard  from : 

Delegates  to  the  N.W.D.A,,  C.  M.  Kline,  chairman;  dele- 
gates to  the  A.Ph.A.,  Louis  Emanuel,  chairman;  Procter 
Memorial  Fund,  Louis  Saalbach,  chairman;  membership,  Wm. 
H.  Knoepfe!,  chairman;  botany,  A.  W.  Miller,  chairman; 
papers  and  queries,  F.  J.  Blumenschein,  chairman;  patents 
and  trade-marks,  F.  E.  Stewart,  chairman;  trade  interests, 
B.  E.  Pritchard,  chairman;  drug  market,  Chas.  E.  Vander- 
kleed;  U.S. P.  and  N.F.  propaganda,  W.  L.  Cliffe,  chairman; 
legislation,  J.  C.  Wallace,  chairman;  next  meeting,  H.  C. 
Byers,  chairman. 

A  lecture  on  "Bacterial  Vaccines  and  Serums,"  by  Dr.  A. 
Parker  Hitchens,  and  addresses  by  the  Hon.  John  W.  Hoke, 
Chambersburg,  Pa.,  and  President  Edward  T.  Hahn,  of  the 
Traveling  Men's   Auxiliary,   were   features. 

On  the  entertainment  programme  were  the  president's  recep- 
tion with  a  dance  and  refreshments,  a  ladies'  card  party, 
athletic  sports  and  family  dinner,  a  circus  parade  and  a  society 
circus. 


Pennsylvania  Ph.A. 

As  we  go  to  press,  the  37th  annual  meeting  of  the  Pennsyl- 
vania Pharmaceutical  Association  is  being  held  at  Buena  Vista 
Spring,  Franklin  county.  A  feature  of  the  session  is  the  large 
number  of  new  members  to  be  received  as  the  r-esult  of  a 
systematic  campaign  in  every  county  of  the  State.  Pittsburgh 
and  Philadelphia  assigned  local  committees  for  the  work,  the 
members  of  which  in  automobiles  called  on  every  druggist  not 
a  member  with  excellent  results.  More  than  100  applications 
fer  membership  had  been  acted  upon  by  June   1. 


Oklahoma  Ph.A. 
The  Oklahoma  Ph.A.  at  the  annual  convention  at  Enid 
adopted  a  resolution  in  favor  of  eliminating  the  wagon  patent- 
medicine  vendor,  house-to-house  peddlers  and  street  fakirs 
dealing  in  drugs.  Tulsa  was  chosen  for  the  next  year's  meet- 
ing-place, and  the  following  officers  were  elected:  President, 
W.  S.  Younkman,  Tulsa;  vice-president,  W.  L.  KasI,  Perry; 
secretary-treasurer,  A.  W.  Woodmancey,  Oklahoma  City. 

San  Francisco  Branch,  A.Ph.A. 

Early  in  May  the  San  Francisco  Branch  of  the  A.Ph.A.  was 
organized  with  the  following  officers:  President,  Albert  Schnei- 
der; 1st  vice-president,  Mrs.  R.  E.  White;  2d  vice-president, 
Arthur  Reum;  secretary-treasurer,  Miss  Clarissa  M.  Roehr. 
Dr.  Albert  Schneider  was  elected  a  member  of  the  Council  of 
the  A.Ph.A.  to  serve  three  years,  and  Dr.  Josephine  Barbat- 
Winslow,  Dr.  John  Zicg  and  Joseph  Lengfeld  were  named 
delegates  to  the  annual  convention  of  the  California  Ph.A. 
.■\  constitution  and  by-laws  were  adopted.  The  June  meeting 
was  held  on  the   second   Tuesday. 


Vermont  Ph.A. 

Secretary  W.  E.  Terrill,  of  the  Vermont  State  Ph.A.,  has 
sent  out  notices  of  the  annual  meeting  of  that  body  at  Bur- 
lington, July  7,  8,  9,  with  headquarters  at  the  Hotel  Vermont. 
Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington,  of  Philadelphia,  is  to  address  the 
delegates  on  the  second  day  of  the  meeting.  The  steamer 
Chateaugay  has  been  chartered  and  the  annual  "boat  ride" 
will  be  the  principal  feature  of  the  entertainment  programme. 


Atlanta    Woman   Pharmacist   Club    Organized. 

After  a  series  of  informal  meetings,  the  Atlanta  Woman 
Pharmacist  Club  met  formally  in  the  library  of  the  Southern 
College  of  Pharmacy  to  elect  permanent  officers  and  establish 
certain  necessary  rules.  Dr.  R.  C.  Hood,  dean  of  the  college, 
acted  as  temporary  chairman.  The  officers  elected  were:  Miss 
Margaret  Kimmel,  president;  Mrs.  G.  E.  Matthews,  secretary, 
and  Miss  Bertha  Davis,  treasurer.  It  was  suggested  by  Miss 
Bowie  and  approved  by  those  present,  that  the  club  retain  the 
title  "Atlanta  Woman  Pharmacist  Club."  The  purpose  of  the 
club  is  to  aid  its  members  in  keeping  in  touch  with  the 
advances  of  the  pharmaceutical  profession,  to  uplift  woman's 
position  in  the  pharmaceutical  world,  and  to  meet  socially  for 
the  entertainment  of  its  members  and  guests.  Miss  Bowie 
read  an  interesting  article  on  "Woman  in  Pharmacy,"  and  it 
was  decided  that  at  e»ch  meeting  the  members  would  read 
papers,  tell  of  the  interesting  things  met  with  in  their  work, 
and  make  suggestions  for  the  good  of  the  dab  and  its  mem- 
bers. Each  member  will  be  assessed  with  an  initiation  fee  of 
25  cents  and  regular  dues  of  20  cents  per  month,  and  the 
regular  meetings  be  held  the  third  Friday  of  each  month. 
After  the  business  meeting  Miss  Kimmel  served  delicious 
sandwiches. 


340 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[July,  1914 


JOHN    C.    GALI,AGHER    HEADS    N.J.    PH.A. 


Discussions  on  Live   Subjects   and  Beading  of   Good 
Papers   Mark   Meeting — Stevens   Bill   Approved. 

John  C.  Gallagher,  of  Jersey  City,  was  elected  president  of 
the  New  Jersey  State  Ph. A.  at  its  44th  annual  meeting  at 
Lake  Hopatcong,  June  16  to  19.  G.  M.  Hays  Deemer,  .Atlan- 
tic City,  was  elected  1st  vice-president;  Franck  C.  Stuulen, 
Elizabeth,  secretary,  and  James  C.  Field,  Plainfield,  treasurer. 
The  newly  elected  e.\ecutive  committee  consists  of  Charles  J. 
McCloskey,  Jersey  City;  .■Me.xander  Dubell,  Mount  Holly; 
Leon  A.  Taylor,  Lakewood;  G.  iL  Hays  Deemer,  chairman; 
legislative  committee,  Stephen  D.  WooUey,  Ocean  Grove; 
George  M.  Beringer,  Camden;  Isaac  J.  Keuper,  Trenton; 
David  Strauss,  Newark;   Thomas  S.   .Armstrong,   Plainfield. 

In  his  annual  report.  President  Charles  W.  Holzhauer,  of 
Newark,  asserted  that  the  past  year  had  been  either  average 
or  slightly  under  average  for  business.  "The  drug  business  in 
the  big  cities  is  becoming  more  and  more  commercial."  The 
druggist  can't  live  on  ethics:  he  must  turn  his  attention  to 
side-lines.  He  must  meet  conditions  by  giving  heed  to  com- 
mercial features — he  must  study  merchandising.  Mr.  Holz- 
hauer pointed  out  the  importance  of  window  displays  to  the 
modem  drug  store.  Speaking  on  legislation,  he  observed  that 
only  one  State,  Maryland,  had  passed  a  bichloride  tablet  law 
as  a  result  of  the  recent  agitation.  The  abolition  of  the  old 
guaranty  legend  would  cause  trouble  where  the  retailer  ships 
out  of  his  State.  He  recommended:  That  the  legislative  com- 
mittee continue  its  efforts  to  get  a  new  pharmacy  law  enacted; 
an  increase  in  the  annual  dues;  that  a  committee  investigate 
the  subject  of  establishing  life  membership  in  the  association. 

The  report  of  the  legislative  committee  was  presented  by 
Stephen  D.  Woolley.  who  stated  that  the  committee  had  fol- 
lowed instructions  -but  had  failed  to  get  results.  The  bichloride 
tablet  bill  had  been  opposed  by  the  majority  of  the  committee 
because  they  thought  more  reaisonable  legislation  than  that 
provided  for  could  be  obtained.  The  anti-narcotic  measures 
were  favored  but  went  to  "the  legislative  graveyard."  The 
pharmacy  act  bill  passed  the  Assembly,  then  went  into  the 
hands  of  an  unfavorable  Senate  committee  and  "never  got  out." 
Small  storekeepers  were  in  part  to  blame  for  its  being  killed. 
The  committee  believed  the  association  should  be  reincorpo- 
rated under  the  State  corporation  law  of  1908.  This  action 
was  advised  despite  the  Secretary  of  State's  assurance  that  the 
association's  corporation  rights  have  not  been  impaired. 

Secretary  Stutzlen  reported  that  1000  copies  of  the  proceed- 
ings had  been  published.  No  copies  had  been  sent  to  de- 
linquent members.  The  total  membership  is  905,  65  new 
members  having  been  taken  in  at  this  meeting.  Disbursements 
had  amovmted  to  $1,037.12.  Treasurer  Field  reported  a  balance 
on  hand  of  $499.86.  Many  members  are  far  in  arrears  and  a 
large  sum  is  out  in  back  dues.  The  subject  of  delinquent 
members  was  referred  to  the  e.xecutive  committee. 

Secretary  Jorden,  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  presented 
an  e-xtensive  report  touching  in  detail  upon  each  case  prose- 
cuted since  the  last  meeting.  -A.  large  number  of  pharmacists 
had  neglected  to  renew  their  registration.  Mr.  Strauss  had 
been  appointed  by  the  Governor  for  a  full  term  on  the  board. 
There  are  now  2976  registered  pharmacists  in  the  State  in 
good  standing.  Treasurer  L.  W.  Brown,  of  the  board,  re- 
ported total  receipts  amounting  to  $4498  and  a  balance  on 
hand  of  $219. 

The  association  endorsed  the  Stevens  bill  almost  vmanimously. 

George  M.  Beringer,  Jr.,  had  arranged  his  usual  splendid 
programme  of  papers,  some  of  which  will  be  published  in  later 
issues  of  the  Era. 

By  resolution,  the  association  decided  that  the  matter  of 
reincorporation  be  referred  to  the  incoming  legislative  com- 
mittee to  draw  up  new  articles  in  proper  legal  form  and  sub- 
mit same  at  ne.-rt  meeting,  all  members  present  on  that  occasion 
to  append  their  signatures  thereto.  By  approving  the  appli- 
cation for  membership  submitted  by  a  registered  assistant  the 
members  went  on  record  as  interpreting  the  constitution  to  the 
effect  that  registered  assistants  are  eligible  for  membership. 
The  membership  of  non-practicing  pharmacists  upon  the  State 
board  was  referred  to  the  board  to  obtain  an  opinion  of  the 
Attomev-General  of  the  State. 


College  of  Pharmacy  began  with  the  Baccalaureate  services  at 
the  Church  of  St.  Luke  and  tJie  Epiphany,  June  14.  The 
sermon  was  delivered  by  the  Rev.  David  H.  Steele.  On  Mon- 
day evening  the  professors'  annual  banquet  to  the  graduating 
class  was  held  in  the  college  auditorium.  At  the  annual  elec- 
tion of  the  .Alunmi  .Association  Tuesday  aftemoon  the  follow- 
ing oflicers  were  elected :  President,  Dr.  .Alfred  Heineberg,  '99 ; 
1st  vice-president,  Warren  H.  Poley,  '75;  2d  vice-president, 
William  .A.  Carpenter,  '91;  recording  secretary,  Joseph  W. 
England,  'S3;  treasurer,  C.  Carroll  Meyer,  '73;  corresponding 
secretary,  Jacob  M.  Baer,  '87;  board  of  directors  (to  serve  for 
three  years),  J.  F.  Strawinski,  '98;  Mitchell  Bernstein,  '09; 
P.  Samuel  Stout,  '99;  Elmer  H.  Hessler,  '12.  In  the  evening 
the  50th  annual  reception  to  the  graduating  class  was  held  in 
the  college  auditorium. 

The  50th  annual  Alumni  reunion  and  dinner  was  held  at  the 
Hotel  Walton  on  Wednesday  evening.  Forty-four  different 
classes  were  represented  by  a  total  of  nearly  300  alumni. 
Joseph  L.  Lemberger,  of  the  class  of  1854,  was  the  oldest 
graduate  present.  Toastmaster  Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington 
spoke  briefly  on  the  work  and  loyalty  of  the  Alumni  Associa- 
tion, after  which  the  following  toasts  were  responded  to: 
"The  Class  of  1914,"  by  Elwyn  J.  Wheeler,  class  president; 
"Philadelphia  as  an  Educational  Center,"  by  Edward  J.  Cat- 
tell,  Statistician  of  the  City  of  Philadelphia;  "The  50th  .An- 
niversary of  the  Alumni  .Association,"  by  How-ard  B.  French, 
president  of  the  College;  "The  Pennsylvania  Alumni  Scholar- 
ship," by  Warren  H.  Poley,  vice-president  of  the  .Alumni  As- 
sociation; "The  P.C.P.  Centennial  Fund,"  by  Prof.  Henry 
Kraemer;  "The  4's  and  9's,"  by  representatives  of  the  various 
classes.  The  completion  of  the  Pennsylvania  Alumni  Scholar- 
ship Fund  was  announced  and  a  total  of  $5000  was  reported  to 
have  been  subscribed  to  the  P.C.P.  Centennial  Fund.  The 
class  of  1889  boasted  of  being  the  first  class  to  finish  their 
class  fund  for  the  Centennial  Fund,  but  the  class  of  1914 
annoimced  the  completion  of  their  fund  before  the  evening  had 
passed. 

The  93d  annual  commencement  took  place  in  the  American 
Academy  of  Music  on  Thursday  evening. 


The  Advertising  Men's  Convention. 

The  news  value  of  advertising  was  illustrated  in  an  excep- 
tional manner  at  Toronto  during  the  recent  convention  of  the 
advertising  men  there.  Securing  the  co-operation  of  the 
Toronto  newspapers  they  in  turn  enlisted  the  support  of  all 
the  merchants'  associations  and,  in  addition,  circularized  every 
retailer,  big  and  little.  As  a  result,  thousands  of  stores,  great 
and  small,  made  window  displays  during  convention  week  of 
nationally  advertised  goods.  Every  kind  of  merchandise  from 
pins  to  pianos  was  included,  and  the  result  w-as  the  largest 
concerted  display  of  advertised  goods  ever  made  at  one  time. 
It  was  a  great  object  lesson  to  retailers  and  to  advertising  men 
in  showing  what  can  be  done  to  get  the  retail  stores  in  line 
with  an  advertising  campaign.  The  fight  against  fakers  was 
one  of  the  features  of  the  convention,  the  standpoint  of  asso- 
ciation members  being  illustrated  by  the  statement  of  Frank 
L.  Blanchard,  of  New  York,  in  a  lay  sermon  on  Sunday : 
"We  are  endeavoring  to  drive  from  the  temple  of  advertising 
the  liars,  the  swindlers,  the  fakers  and  those  who  seek  to 
blast  the  lives  of  the  innocent." 


A   Pharmaceutical    Wedding. 

At  the  Hotel  Savoy,  June  20,  Miss  Clementine  Sedana  Klip- 
pert,  daughter  of  Dr.  Charles  F.  Klippert,  president  of  the 
German  Apothecaries'  Society,  was  married  to  Karl  Wipper- 
mann,  a  prominent  pharmacist  of  Brooklyn.  As  bridesmaids 
were  Miss  Charlotte  Hattermann,  cousin  of  the  bride;  Miss 
Frances  Seifert,  daughter  of  the  well-known  pharmacist,  L.  F. 
W.  Seifert,  and  Miss  Claire  Kantrowitz,  daughter  of  the  sec- 
retary of  the  G.A.S.  The  best  man  was  August  Diehl.  also 
a  well-known  pharmacist  of  Brookljm,  and  president  of  the 
New  York  Consolidated  Drug  Co.  The  matron  of  honor  was 
Mrs.  Alfred  Koester.  The  G.A.S.,  Thursday  Bowling  Club  and 
Jolly  Theater  Party  were  well  represented.  George  T.  Riefflin 
officiated  as  toastmaster  and  read  many  felicitous  messages 
from  friends  in  this  country  and  Europe.  About  75  guests, 
relatives  and  intimate  friends  were  present. 


Commencement  at  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy. 
The  93d  commencement  week  exercises  of  the  Philadelphia 


The  Springfield  (111.)  R.D.A  gave  a  dinner  dance  at 
Lincohi  Inn  recently  with  30  couples  present.  J.  R.  Phillips, 
president  of  the  association,  was  the  toastmaster. 


July,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


341 


Schools  and  Colleges 


Medico-Chirurgical    Department    of   Pharmacy. 

The  Medico-Chirurgical  College  of  Phihidelphia,  including 
the  departments  of  pharmacy  and  chemistry,  held  its  annual 
commencement  in  the  Academy  of  Music  June  5  at  12  o'clock. 
The  address  was  delivered  by  John  Grier  Hibben,  LL.D., 
president  of  Princeton  University.  Prof.  James  M.  Anders, 
senior  member  of  the  faculty  of  medicine,  conferred  the 
degrees.  In  the  department  of  pharmacy  40  received  the  degree 
of  Graduate  in  Pharmacy,  12  the  degree  of  Pharmaceutical 
Chemist,  two  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Pharmacy  in  course. 
The  honorary  degree  of  Doctor  of  Pharmacy  was  conferred 
upon  Joseph  L.  Lemberger,  e.\-president  of  the  American 
Pharmaceutical   .Association.     Prizes  were  awarded  as  follows: 

The  gold  medal  for  the  highest  general  average  at  the  final 
•examinations  in  the  senior  pharmacy  class  was  awarded  to 
William  D.  Hall,  of  Philadelphia,  with  honorable  mention  of 
Donald   J.  Brown,   of  Hazleton,   and  Samuel  L.   Furman. 

The  gold  medal  for  the  highest  general  average  at  the  final 
examinations  of  the  graduating  class  in  chemistry  was  awarded 
to  Harold  L.  Parmelee,  of  Middletown,   Conn. 

The  Alumni  .'\ssociation  gold  medal  for  the  highest  average 
obtained  at  the  alumni  examination  in  practical  pharmacy  to 
William  N.  Baker,  of  Lewisburg.  The  second  prize,  a  life 
membership  in  the  Alumni  Association,  was  awarded  to 
Reginald  Scheets,  of  Pottstown,  with  honorable  mention  of 
William  D.  Hall,  of  Philadelphia;  Samuel  L.  Furman,  of 
Philadelphia;  Dell  W.  Youngken,  of  Philadelphia;  Robert  L. 
Bellenghi,  of  Philadelphia,  and  Donald  J.  Brown,  of  Hazleton. 

The  New  York  .Alumni  prize,  consisting  of  first  year's  mem- 
bership in  the  .American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  and  con- 
tributed by  Messrs.  Maines  and  Gardner,  was  awarded  to 
Gilbert  C.  Bacon,  of  Cuba. 

The  gold  medal  for  the  highest  average  in  the  examina- 
tions for  advanced  standing  at  the  end  of  the  junior  course 
-was  awarded  to  Basil  Mott,  of  Bellefonte,  with  honorable  men- 
tion of  Harry  .\ngstadt,  of  Reading;  J.  Milton  Groff,  of 
Elizabethtown,  and  Isaac  Bloomfield,  of  Philadelphia. 

The  prize  consisting  of  one  year's  membership  in  the  Ameri- 
•can  Pharmaceutical  Association  offered  to  the  member  of  the 
senior  pharmacy  class  making  the  most  satisfactory  average  in 
pharmacy  laboratory  work  was  awarded  to  Dell  W.  Youngken, 
of  Philadelphia,  with  honorable  mention  of  Joseph  S.  Hagen- 
buch,  of  Mahanoy  City;  William  D.  Hall,  of  Philadelphia,  and 
■Edward  Schafer,  of  New  Haven. 

The  prize  consisting  of  one  year's  membership  in  the 
American  Chemical  Society  offered  to  the  member  of  the 
graduating  class  in  chemistry  for  the  highest  general  average 
in  pharmaceutic  chemistry  was  awarded  to  Harold  L.  Parmelee, 
•of  Middletown,  Conn. 

On  the  evening  of  June  4  the  annual  banquet  of  the  General 
Alumni  was  held  at  the  Hotel  Adelphia.  There  were  about 
300  in  attendance.  The  chief  address  was  made  by  the  Hon. 
Rudolph  Blankenburg,  Mayor  of  Philadelphia.  The  toast 
"Pharmacists"  was  responded  to  by  Dr.  O.  W.  Osterlund,  the 
•newly  appointed  member  of  the  Peimsylvania  Pharmaceutical 
^Examining  Board. 


Chas.    F.    Harding;    the    Press,    the    Hon.    Scott    Small;    Otrr 
Alumni,   Clyde  Wright  Hill,   Ph.B. 

Prizes  were  awarded  for  excellent  work  as  follows:  General 
chemistry,  given  by  Dr.  Fennel,  Donald  H.  Weiteki;  practical 
chemistry,  given  by  Prof.  Apmeyer,  Otto  Durand;  practical 
pharmacy,  given  by  Dr.  Fennel,  Clyde  W.  Hill;  pharmacy, 
given  by  Prof.  Harding,  James  F.  Dyer;  physiology  pharmacy, 
given  by  Prof.  Lamb,  Frank  L.  Murphy ;  materia  medica, 
given  by  Prof.  Griess,  Charles  Krechmer ;  microscopy,  given 
by  the  College  of  Pharmacy,  Lake  A.  Wright ;  alumni  prize, 
given  by  the  alumni,  Fred  L.  Weik;  college  medal,  August  L. 
Stern,  Jr. 


Cincinnati  College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  42d  annual  commencement  exercises  of  the  Cincinnati 
'College  of  Pharmacy  were  held  on  June  4  at  the  Grand  Hotel 
when  a  class  of  30  were  given  the  degree  of  Ph.B.,  and  a 
class  of  two  the  degree  Ph.C.  The  programme  included  an 
address  on  behalf  of  the  college  by  Fred  W.  Weissman,  Ph.G., 
Ph.D.,  president  of  the  Cincinnati  Section  of  the  American 
Chemical  Society;  an  address  on  behalf  of  the  faculty  by 
'Chas.  A.  Apmeyer,  Ph.G.;  and  address  and  'he  conferring  of 
the  degrees  by  President  John  C.  Otis,  Ph.G.,  M.D,,  and 
prayer  and  benediction  by  the  Rev.  David  H.  Jeminson.  The 
annual  meeting  of  the  Alumni  Association  was  held  at  the 
college  building  on  June  2,  with  an  illustrated  lecture  on 
"Erlich's  606"  by  Dr.  A.  O.  Zwick,  and  the  annual  address  of 
the  president,  Chas.  F.  Harding,  Ph.B.,  Ph.C.  At  the  annual 
college  banquet  Charles  T.  P.  Fennel,  Ph.G.,  Phar.D.,  was  the 
•toastmaster,  and  the  following  toasts  were  answered :  Medicine, 
A.  C.  Bachmeyer,  M.D.;  Legal  Profession,  Judge  Wm.  D. 
■Alexander;    Pharmacy,    Prof.    Jqhn   Uri   Lloyd;    Opportunities, 


Medical    College    of    Virginia. 

The  School  of  Pharmacy,  Medical  College  of  Virginia,  at 
Richmond,  has  just  completed  its  21st  session,  the  year  having 
been  the  most  successful  in  the  history  of  the  school.  Seventy- 
two  students  were  enrolled,  and  the  graduating  class  numbered 
25.  The  faculty  for  ne.xt  year  will  be:  Albert  Bolenbaugh, 
B.S.  in  Phar.,  professor  of  pharmacy;  W,  F.  Rudd,  Ph.G., 
M.A.,  professor  of  chemistry;  E.  C.  L.  Miller,  M.D.,  profes- 
sor of  bacteriology;  Chas.  O.  Lee,  B.S.  in  Phar.,  instructor  in 
pharmaceutical  botany;  Chas.  C.  Haskell,  B.A.,  M.D.,  lecturer 
in  materia  medica  and   pharmacology. 

Twenty-three  senior  classmen  visited  the  laboratories  of 
Sharp  &  Dohme  at  Baltimore  in  May.  After  being  shown 
through  the  plant  the  class  was  tendered  a  banquet  at  the 
Hotel  Emerson,  and  the  excursion  proved  most  enjoyable  and 
profitable.  The  party  was  accompanied  by  Richard  Gwathmey, 
of  Richmond,  and  by  Prof.  .Albert  Bolenbaugh. 


Valparaiso  University  C.  of  P. 
The  Department  of  Pharmacy  of  Valparaiso  University  has 
closed  the  most  successful  year  in  its  history.  Forty-four 
young  men  and  one  young  woman  received  their  diplomas 
with  the  degree  of  Graduate  in  Pharmacy.  Practically  every 
member  of  the  class  had  a  position  waiting  for  him.  The 
senior  class  annual  exhibit,  in  addition  to  showing  a  general 
line  of  pharmaceuticals  prepared  by  the  students  during  the 
year,  the  filling  of  prescriptions,  and  the  usual  activities  of  the 
retail  pharmacist,  illustrate  many  processes  of  special  interest, 
such  as  the  manufacture  of  acetanilide,  extraction  of  volatile 
oils  by  steam  distillation,  microscopical  examination  and  puri- 
fication of  crude  drugs,  alkaloidal  assaying  and  testing.  The 
annual  banquet  was  attended  by  more  than  200  members  of 
the  classes  with  friends  and  relatives.  Dean  Timmons  pre- 
sided as  toastmaster.  One  of  the  best  things  of  the  evening 
was  a  paper  by  Dr.  Stoner  on  the  "Therapeutics  of  Red  Sand- 
stone." The  graduating  exercises  were  held  in  University 
Auditorium.  The  address  to  the  graduates  was  delivered  by 
Prof.  J.  A.  Hynes,  of  Chicago,  on  "The  Pharmacy  of  Your 
Generation." 


University   of   Maryland,    Department    of   Pharmacy. 

Not  less  than  287  graduates  received  their  degrees  at  the 
commencement  of  the  University  or  Maryland,  June  1,  at  the 
Lyric,  24  of  the  total  being  graduates  in  pnarmacy.  The 
occasion  was  rendered  notable  by  the  presence  of  Count  Johann 
Heinrich  von  Bernstorff,  the  German  Ambassador  to  the  United 
States,  who  delivered  the  address  to  the  graduates.  The 
degrees  were  awarded  by  the  provost  of  the  university,  the 
graduates  being  presented  by  the  deans  of  the  several  depart- 
ments. Dr.  Charles  Caspari,  Jr.,  performed  this  duty  for  the 
department  of  pharmacy.     The  graduates  were : 

Maryland :  Charles  L.  .Armstrong.  George  Joseph  Ayd,  Joseph 
Myer  Bransky,  Samuel  C.  Cohen,  Eugene  D.  Doty,  L.  Reyner 
Dukes,  Sigismund  V.  Karwacki,  William  Earl  McClure,  Annie  M. 
Patterson,  Ferdinand  Pross,  Jr.,  Charles  J.  Rowe,  J.  Edward 
Schmidt  and  Charles  Kenneth  Stotlemeyer.  West  Virginia : 
W.  Ray  Jackson,  Roas  Jackson  Leader,  and  Thomas  Homer 
Phillips.  South  Carolina :  Claude  E.  Harris  and  Harvey  Edwin 
Todd.  North  Carolina :  Frontis  Lentz.  Russia ;  Carl  J.  Flom 
and  Israel  Liebman.  Pennsylvania:  Frank  Neal  Britcher. 
Connecticut :  Allen  M.  Don.  Cuba :  Angel  Antonio  Rodon  y 
Norma. 

Frontis  Lentz  received  the  gold  medal  for  general  excellence 
and  also  the  Simon  medal  for  superior  work  in  chemistry.  Cer- 
tificates of  honor  in  the  order  of  merit  were  awarded  to  Charles 
L.  Armstrong,  Ferdinand  Pross,  Jr.,  and  Miss  Annie  M.  Pat- 
terson, and  honorable  .mention  in  the  order  of  merit  in  the 
junior  class  went  to  Wilmer  H.  Schultze  and  W.  I.  Nathanson. 


342 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


University  of  Illinois  School  of  Pharmacy. 

The  longer  course  in  the  School  of  Pharmacy,  leading  to  the 
degree  of  Pharmaceutical  Chemist,  closed  June  5,  when  the 
degree  was  conferred  upon  Paul  W.  Edgett,  Gennaro  D. 
Lavieri.  Albert  Schreiner,  Jr.,  George  Stulik,  George  F.  \aupell 
and  Edgar  P.  Heidhreder.  The  advisor>-  board  held  its  annual 
meeting  at  the  school,  June  4,  There  were  present  at  the 
meeting  George  G.  Lescher,  of  Galesburg;  A,  G.  C.  Ackermann 
and  Herman~Fr>-,  of  Chicago,  as  well  as  the  faculty  of  the 
school.  The  Chicago  \"eteran  Druggists'  Association  has  pre- 
sented to  the  school  the  silver  loving  cup  which  was  presented 
to  Albert  E.  Eberl  in  1905,  and  upon  his  death  reverted  to  the 
C.V.D.A. 

The  new  catalogue  of  the  University  of  Illinois  School  of 
Pharmacy  is  now  ready  for  distribution.  A  copy  may  be  had 
by  addressing  the  actuary,  \V.  B.  Day,  74  E.  12th  street, 
Chicago. 

.Announcement  is  made  of  an  increase  in  the  entrance  re- 
quirements beginning  with  the  session  of  1916-17  to  graduation 
from  high  school  of  accredited  grade  or  the  full  educational 
equivalent  of  this.  The  present  entrance  requirements  for  the 
shorter  course  which  leads  to  the  degree  of  Graduate  in  Phar- 
macy are  two  years  of  high  school  of  accredited  grade  or  its 
full  educational  equivalent. 

For  entrance  to  the  longer  course  leading  to  the  degree  of 
Pharmaceutical  Chemist  graduation  from  high  school  is  already 
required. 

Entrance  e.xaminations  conducted  by  the  registrar  of  the 
university  will  be  held  at  the  College  of  Medicine,  Congress 
and  Honore  streets,  Chicago,  Sept.  21-25  and  will  include  ail 
the  high  school  branches  in  which  credits  are  accepted. 

.\ndrew  Scherer,  an  alumnus  of  the  class  of  1875,  has  offered 
a  prize  of  S25  in  gold  to  the  senior  student  who  attains  the 
highest  average  in  pharmacy. 

The  55th  session  begins  Tuesday,  Sept.  22. 

College  of  Pharmacy,  State  TTniversity  of  Iowa. 

Prof.  Zada  M.  Cooper  entertained  the  women  students  of 
the  college  as  well  as  the  women  pharmacists  of  Iowa  City 
on  ^lay  29. 

Dean  Teeters,  Dr.  Chase,  Prof.  Kuever  and  Prof.  Cooper 
were  in  attendance  at  the  convention  of  the  Iowa  State  asso- 
ciation the  second  week  in  June  at  Burlington.  Prof.  Kuever 
read  a  paper  on  the  "Preparation  and  .Administration  of  606 
and  914,"  and  Dr.  Chase  discussed  the  "Physiological  Stand- 
ardization of  Glucosidal  Drugs." 

Dean  Teeters  and  Mrs,  Teeters  entertained  the  members  of 
the  graduating  class  at  their  home  on  the  West  Side  on  June  6. 

The  junior  class  gave  a  picnic  at  Black  Springs  on  June  2, 
to  which  the  seniors  and  faculty  members  were  invited. 


The  prizes  for  scholarship  were  distributed  by  the  dean.  The 
William  O.  Blanding  prize,  $25  in  gold  for  the  highest  general 
average  during  the  senior  year,  was  awarded  to  Frank  I. 
Matteo,  of  Providence,  He  also  won  the  Hall  &  Lyon  prize 
of  $25  for  the  highest  average  in  pharmacy.  The  George  L, 
Claflin  scholarship  was  won  by  Midiael  J,  Deady,  of  Wes- 
terly, The  faculty  prize  was  won  by  -Aram  Benoit,  of  Woon- 
socket.  The  .Albert  Fenner  cup,  presented  to  the  class  of  1912 
by  .Albert  Fenner  in  memory  of  his  father,  .Albert  Fenner,  and 
to  be  given  to  each  succeeding  class  getting  a  better  average 
than  the  class  of  1912,  was  retained  by  the  class. 


Brooklyn  C.  of  P. 
The  24th  annua!  session  of  the  Brooki>-n  College  of  Pharmacy 
will  begin  on  Sept.  21,  The  year  just  closed  has  been  one  of 
the  most  successful  in  the  history  of  the  college.  The  junior 
class  was  the  largest  yet  recorded,  and  the  total  number  of 
students  during  the  scholastic  year,  1913-1914,  exceeded  by  far 
the  number  in  any  previous  year.  During  the  past  three  years 
nothing  has  been  spared  to  maintain  the  standing  of  the 
college  among  pharroaceutical  institutions.  At  large  expense 
improvements  and  new  equipment  have  been  added  to  the 
college  building.  It  has  been  wired  throughout  for  electric 
lighting  and  heating  and  the  most  modem  electric  stoves  have 
been  installed  in  the  laboratories.  A  courtyard  has  been  con- 
structed and  a  massive  retaining  wall  built  entirely  around 
the  premises,  A  spacious  lavatory  with  every  modem  and 
sanitary  fixture  has  been  built  on  the  immediate  north  of  the 
college  building.  -A  large  number  of  high-power  microscopes, 
the  last  word  in  scientific  manufacture,  have  been  added  in  the 
departments  of  physics  and  physiology.  With  a  faculty  com- 
posed of  some  of  the  strongest  men  in  their  respective  fields, 
and  with  modem  and  effective  equipment,  the  college  looks 
forward  to  the  greatest  year  in  its  history. 


FOBDHAM  UNIVERSITY   C.   OF  P. 


.At  the  commencement  e.\ercises  of  Fordham  University, 
June  9,  seven  pill  rollers  were  made  happy  by  the  presentation 
of  the  coveted  sheepskin.  They  enlisted  two  years  ago  in  the 
newly-established    Department    of   Pharmacy    at    Fordham. 

Commencement  this  year  will  long  remain  a  pleasant  memory 
with  those  who  were  fortunate  enough  to  be  present.  The 
large  auditorium  having  a  seating  capacity  of  nearly  3000 
was  filled  to  its  utmost  and  many  late-comers  were  disappointed. 

.After  the  opening  remarks  by  the  president  of  the  university, 
the  Rev,  Thomas  J,  McCluskey,  S ,  J.,  two  addresses  were, 
delivered  by  graduates  from  the  Law  School,  one  by  Benedict 
D.  Dineen,  .A.B.,  on  "The  Initiative  and  Referendum,"  the 
other  by  William  J.  J.  Elger,  on  "The  Recall  of  Judges." 
This  was  followed  by  the  conferring  of  degrees  and  the 
awarding  of  prizes  to  the   graduates  of  the  three  schools. 

The  address  of  the  evening  was  given  by  His  Excellency, 
Gov,  Martin  H,  Glynn,  LL,B.,  LL.D.  He  dwelt  at  some 
length  upon  the  old  memories  which  his  visit  to  Fordham 
brought  back  to  him  and  then  he  gave  good,  sound  advice  to 
the  embryo  lawyers,  medicos  and  pharmacists.  He  drew  a 
beautiful  picture  of  the  ideal  physician  and  pharmacist,  prais- 
ing their  devotion  to  the  humanitarian  calling  and  expressing 
the  hope  that  the  Fordham  graduates  would  be  an  honor  to 
their  profession   and  to  their  alma  mater. 

The  following  men  received  the  Degree  of  Ph.G.:  Henry 
Burmeister,  Otto  Canis,  William  Flannagan,  Leo  Ganbarg. 
Vincent  Montalbano,   .Angelo  Pellegrino,  Michael  H,  Tewey, 


Khode   Island  College   of  Pharmacy. 

At  the  commencement  exercises  honorary  degrees  wer; 
bestowed  upon  Edwin  E.  Calder,  dean  of  the  college,  and 
John  E.  Groff,  of  the  faculty.  Earl  H,  Mason  received  the 
degree  of  doctor  of  pharmacy  given  for  the  first  time  under 
the  new  curriculum  necessitating  five  years'  study.  The  degree 
of  graduate   in   pharmacy  was  conferred  upon   a   class  of  23, 


Cleveland   School   of  Pharmacy. 
Eighteen  students  received  diplomas  as  Graduates  of  Phar- 
macy at  the  commencement  of  the  Western  Reserve  University, 
of   which   the   Cleveland   School   of   Pharmacy   is   the   pharma- 
ceutical department. 


Dr.  Hy.  J.  J.  Kassebaum  Heads  Brooklyn  C.P.  Alumni 
.At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  .Alumni  Association  of  the 
Brooklyn  College  of  Pharm?.cy,  Henry  J.  J.  Kassebaum,  '12, 
was  elected  president.  The  other  officers  are :  Ist  vice-presi- 
dent, Charles  V.  Lewis;  2d  vice-president,  Harry  A.  Read; 
secretary,  Joseph  Rollo;  treasurer,  William  C.  .Anderson;  regis- 
trar, CaroK-n  Santora;  executive  committee,  1914-15,  Harry  L. 
Goldwag,  Rose  Rubinofsky  and  Edward  J.  Taylor:  1914-16, 
William  Dembling,  Joseph  Caruso  and  Robert  J.  Henderson, 
and  1914-17,  William  Kitzer,  .Arthur  O,  Buck  and  Paul  Men- 
delsohn, and  chairman  press  committee,  M,  N,  Babbit, 

A  feature  of  the  meeting  was  the  proposing  for  membership 
by  Dean  Dr,  Wm,  C.  .Anderson  of  every  graduate  of  the  1914 
class.  .AH  were  accepted  and  fully  half  the  class  became  life 
members. 

Dancing  in  the  alurrmi  rooms  followed  the  conclusion  of  the 
business  session. 


College  of  Pharmacy,  University  of  State  of  N.  J. 
The  commencement  of  the  Department  of  Pharmacy,  Univer- 
sity of  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  was  held  in  Jersey  City  June 
2,  President  Hon,  James  E.  Pope  presiding.  The  principal 
address  was  made  by  Geo.  M,  Beringer,  of  Camden.  N.  J., 
president  of  the  .A,Ph,.A,  Hon.  William  H,  Speer,  Judge  of 
the  Hudson  County  Circuit  Court,  ;ilso  deli\ered  a  short  ad- 
dress. Dr,  Joseph  Koppel,  dean,  conferred  the  degree  of 
Graduate  in  Pharmacy  (Ph.G,)  on  17  students  and  the  degree 
of  Doctor  in  Pharmacy  (Phar.D,)  on  32  students.  President 
Pope  awarded  the  following  prizes:  The  gold  niedil  to  Joseph 
S,  Churgin,  the  silver  medal  and  the  silver  cup  for  the  best 
examination  in  organic  chemistry  to  Herman  H,  North,  both  of 
the  senior  class,  and  the  bronze  medal  to  Jacob  Feinberg, 
of    the    junior    class.      The    post-graduate    prizes    consisted    of 


JUI.T,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


343 


three  (3)  memberships  in  the  A. Ph. A.  and  were  awarded  by 
Prof.  Otto  Raubenheimer  to  Isaac  Friedman,  Eugene  Gordon 
and  Isidor  A.  Shapiro.  Herman  H.  North  delivered  the  vale- 
dictory address  and  Meyer  A.  Feinberg  an  excellent  address  in 
behalf  of  the  post-graduate  class. 


NEWS  FROM. THE  COLLEGES. 


The  commencement  exercises  of  the  Pharmacy  department, 
University  of  Mississippi,  were  held  June  3,  with  14  recipients 
of  the  degree  of  Ph.G. 

At  the  commencement  exercises  of  the  Pharmacy  Department 
of  Southern  Methodist  University,  May  29,  President  Hyer 
gave   diplomas  to   four  graduates   in   pharmacy. 

At  the  commencement  of  Baylor  University  College  of  Phar- 
macy the  degree  of  Ph.G.  was  conferred  upon  10  graduates 
by  Dr.  .S.  P.  Brooks. 

The  20th  annual  commencement  of  the  Birmingham  Medical 
College,  Schools  of  Medicine,  Dentistry  and  Pharmacy,  was 
held  at  the  Jefferson  Theater,  Birmingham,  Ala.  Thirty  candi- 
dates received  the  degree  M.D.,  11  the  degree  D.D.S.,  18 
the  degree  Ph.G.,  5  the  degree  Ph.Ch.,  1  the  degree  B.S.  in 
Phar.,  and  1  the  degree  Phar.D.  The  college  conferred  the 
honorary  degree  of  M.D,  upon  Dr.  A.  R.  Bliss,  professor  of 
chemistry  and  pharmacy,  in  charge  of  the  School  of  Pharmacy. 

St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  banquet  was  held  at  the 
Jefferson  Hotel,  with  Prof.  H.  M.  Whelpley  as  toastmaster. 
The  following  were  the  toasts  and  speakers:  Lorenz  A.  Seitz, 
chairman  of  the  board  of  trustees,  the  College  of  Pharmacy; 
Omega  Phi  Society,  Frank  Kincaid,  president,  Decatur,  111. ; 
Alumni  Association,  Jerome  A,  Wilkerson,  St.  Louis;  gradu- 
ates in  pharmacy  class,  Frank  John  Helms,  Addieville,  111. ; 
bachelor  of  pharmacy  class,  Hull  Wesley  Butler,  Kokomo,  Ind. ; 
pharmaceutical  chemistry  class,  David  S.  Ralston,  Vandalia, 
Mo. ;  scholarship,  Theodore  F.  Meyer ;  class  honors,  Frederick 
George  Mcsserschmidt ;  St.  Louis  Drug  Club,  H.  L.  Hudson; 
medals,  Franz  Fred  Berg,  Colorado  Springs,  Colo.;  class  history, 
Henry  Adam  Karber,  Karber's  Ridge,  111. ;  the  college  faculty, 
Prof.  J.  M.  Good;  women  in  pharmacy.  Miss  Lydia  Frankie 
Batdorf,  Freeburg,  111.;  future,  Thomas  Bowden;  student  life, 
Charles  Raymond  Davis;  class  of  1889,  George  R.  Merrell; 
call  of  classes  from  1866  to  1913. 

The  graduation  exercises  of  the  department  of  pharmacy, 
University  of  Tennessee,  were  held  June  6,  President  Brown 
Ayers,  of  the  University,  conferring  the  degrees.  The  silver 
loving  cup  for  highest  general  average  in  pharmacy  was  won 
by  J.  H.  Grant;  gold  medal  for  highest  grades  in  laboratory 
work  went  to  Ross  Little,  and  the  one  year's  membership  and 
subscription  to  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  went 
to  J.  H.  Grant. 


Board  Examinations 


Florida. 

JACKSONVILLE,  June  20.— President  Wm.  D.  Jones,  of  the 
Florida  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  announced  at  the  convention  of 
the  Florida  Ph. A.  at  Atlantic  Beach,  that  19  applicants  for  regis- 
tration as  pharmacists  took  the  recent  examinations,  and  that  the 
following  had  been   successful; 

Pharmacists— L.  A.  Pierre,  Orville.  Ala.;  A.  J.  Porter,  Tampa; 
George  Moore,  Lakeland;  L.  A.  Myers,  Jacksonville;  M.  B.  Ed- 
wards,  Miami;  W.    R.   Crow,  Umatilla;   V.   W.   Ferris,  Jackionville. 


Illinois. 

SPRINGFIELD.  June  20.— At  the  May  meeting  of  the  Illinois 
State  Board  of  Pharmacy  held  in  Springfield,  eight  of  the  52  can- 
didates for  registered  pharmacists,  10  of  the  applicants  for  assistant 
pharmacist  and  two  applicants  for  local  registration  passed  suc- 
cessful  examinations.     Their   names   follow : 

Registered  Pharmacists — Emil  Barre,  Kaiser  M.  Beshshure, 
Stanislaus  W.  Burda,  S.  F.  Sinclair,  Harold  Schmid,  all  of  Chicago, 
and  Frank  L.  Baird,  Geneva;  F,  E.  Parks,  Marion  and  Ralph  H. 
Thompson,   Earl vi lie. 

Assistant  Pharmacists— Randolph  H.  McGowan,  Taibe  Rose 
Pol  in,  Clarence  W.  Simmons,  Geo.  J.  Sladky,  Robert  J.  Stubbs, 
all  of  Chicago,  and  Albert  B.  Catlin,  Springfield;  Melvin  B.  Hayes, 
Bloomington;  Geo.  M.  Reid,  Champaign;  Ralph  C.  Swansen, 
Quincy ;   Lloyd   E.   Throckmorton,  Quincy. 

Local  Registered  Pharmacists — Edw.  J.  Jones,  Secor  and  Leonard 
W.  McBride,  Sheffield. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  board  for  the  examination  of  applicants 
for  registered  pharmacist  will  be  held  in  Chicago  July  14  and  on 
July  16  an  examination  will  be  held  for  applicants  for  assistant 
pharmacist.  The  next  apprentice  examinations  will  be  held  on 
Kriday,  July  3. 

SPRINGFIELD.    June    20.— The    Board    of    Pharmacy    has    been 


especially  active  in  investigating  conditions  throughout  the  State 
and  instituting  suits  against  violators  of  the  pharmacy  law. 
Following   is   a  list  of   recent   prosecutions: 

George  Schultz,  Paris,  fined  $40  and  costs;  James  A.  Loukota.  ■ 
Crete,  $100  and  costs;  C.  Czabanski,  Chicago  Heights,  $50  and  costs; 
Wm.  McCrum,  Decatur,  $20  and  costs;  Davis  &  Gentry,  West 
Frankfort,  $100  and  costs;  Bent  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  Oglesby,  $50  and 
costs;  C.  M.  Harris,  Casey,  $50  and  costs;  Clark  &  Waterman. 
Casey,  $20  and  costs;  E.  A.  Stemm,  Oglesby,  $50  and  costs;  Fred 
Buck  &  Sons,  Cherry,  $50  and  costs;  T.  J.  Wylie,  Rock  Falls,  $20 
and  costs;  H.  F.  Daggett,  Rock  Falls,  $100  and  costs;  A.  M. 
Schmidt.  Earlville,  $20  and  costs;  Charles  Hartman,  Mt.  Carroll, 
$100  and  costs.  ' 

All  of  the  above  defendants  pleaded  guilty  and  paid   the  fines. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  judgment  was  obtained  recently  against 
the  following  violators  of  the  pharmacy  law,  in  Chicago,  but  the 
fines  have  not  been  paid  over  to  the  board  because  of  a  suit  now 
pending  to  determine  whether  the  clerk  of  the  Municipal  Court  in 
Chicago  can  legally  do  so: 

Dr.  J.  S.  Gentile,  $20  and  costs;  I.  Trace,  $20  and  costs;  Jacob 
Debovitz.  $20  and  costs;  Paul  McMillan,  $20  and  costs;  D.  Funt. 
$20  and  costs;  W.  Masor,  $20  and  costs;  Wm.  B.  Knowles,  $20  and 
costs;   Oscar  Ostergren,  $20  and  costs. 

A  number  of  other  cases  were  instituted  in  Chicago  which  have 
not    yet    been   adjudicated. 

At'the  April  examination  in  Chicago  30  of  the  77  applicants  for 
assistant  pharmacist  and  22  of  the  90  candidates  for  examination  as 
registered  pharmacist  passed. 


Kansas. 

ELLSWORTH  June  20.— The  first  quarterly  meeting  of  the 
Kansas  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  was  held  in  Hutchinson,  May 
14  and  15,  at  which  time  there  were  40  applicants  in  attendance 
for  the  examinations.  Of  this  number,  29  were  successful  and 
received   certificates    as    follows: 

Pharmacists — Victor  DeTour,  Minneapolis;  W.  T.  Donee,  Belle- 
ville; Harry  E.  Flag,  Sterling;  Thos.  C.  McMillan.  Council  Grove; 
Ralph  W.  Henderson,  Burden;  Dr.  A.  E.  Hewitt,  Walnut;  W'm.  E. 
Allen,  Emporia;  Geo.  W.  Robinson,  Mil  ton  vale;  Lyle  H.  Gray, 
Protection;  Grant  H.  Simms,  Belleville;  Wm.  G.  Allen,  Council 
Grove;  J.  A.  Bacon,  Holton;  Arthur  Hess,  Hutchinson;  L.  E. 
Puryear,  Council  Grove;  Dr.  A.  R.  Adams,  Easton;  Tom  Jackson, 
Chanute;  R.  Goelmer,  Leavenworth;  Arthur  Staar,  Florence;  Byron 
McMillan,  Dodge  City;  Harley  R.  Turner,  Lewis;  Walter  C. 
Henning,  Oxford;  Mrs.  L.  D.  Hampton,  Kansas  City;  Walter  S. 
Black,  Kiowa;  Michael  May,  Andale;  W.  N.  Maher.  Stafford; 
C.  A.  Nownes,  Oak  Hill;  Nick  S.  Neylon,  Paola;  E.  W.  Zimmer- 
man,   Solomon. 

Assistant — Mary   E.    Munford,   Hanover. 

The  next  quarterly  meeting  of  the  board  will  be  held  in  Leaven- 
worth,   Sept.    16   and   17,    beginning   at  9   a.m. 

Maryland. 

BALTIMORE.  June  20.— Following  is  a  list  of  those  who  passed 
the   Maryland   Board   of   Pharmacy    examination   held    in    April : 

Pharmacists — Frank  N.  Britcher,  S.  V.  Kanvacki,  Ferdinand 
Pross,  Jr.,  Allen  M.  Don,  J.  E.  Schmidt,  Wm.  E.  McClure,  C.  K. 
Stotlemeyer,  Jos.  M.  Bransky,  S.  C.  Cohen,  Carl  J.  Flom,  C.  L. 
Armstrong,  Harvey  E.  Todd,  Eugene  D.  Doty,  Harry  J.  Moyer, 
L.  R.  Dukes,  Annie  M.  Patterson,  A.  La.  Course,  N.  Dean 
Rowland. 

Assistants— John  F.  Witzell,  V.  L.  Litsinger.  H.  Homer  Fretag. 
Fred  G.  Young,  H.  A.  Kinnamon,  A.  L.  Sterling.  L.  F.  Mitchell, 
Wm.  M.  Roddick,  Tohn  T.  Meeth.  J.  L.  Ashhill,  Benj.  Mellor.  Jr.. 
Wm.  H.  Schulze,  Allan  T.  Hartman,  N.  F.  Storm,  Thos.  J.  Kelly. 
Morris  Citrenbaum,  R.  A.  Loiterer,  A.  T-  Patrick,  C.  H.  Wiggers, 
Chas.  S.  Austin,  Jr.,  Geo.  W.  Kellough,  Edwin  A.  Schmidt.  M. 
Perry    Poterfield. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  one  year  from  May,  1914: 
President,  H.  Lionel  Meredith,  Hagerstown;  secretary,  Ephraim 
Bacon,  Baltimore;  treasurer.  David  R.  Millard,  Mt.  Washington; 
William   C.    Powell,    Snow   Hill;  J.    Fuller   Frames,    Baltimore. 


Massachusetts. 

BOSTON,  June  20.— The  Massachusetts  Board  of  Registration  in 
Pharmacy    has    granted    registration    to    the    following    applicants: 

Albert  Brown,  Maiden;  William  H.  Craig,  Swampscott;  Joseph  F. 
Devine,  Boston ;  Henry  Hansen,  Brookline;  Robert  G.  Albertson, 
Worcester;  John  J.  O'Rourke.  Worcester;  William  C.  Bruzga, 
Boston;  Joseph  A.  Denis,  Marlboro;  Walter  F.  Gorham,  Taunton; 
James  I,  Lawlor,  Lawrence;  James  D.  Hart,  Boston;  Minna  Seini- 
ger,  Boston;  Thomas  F.  Fair,  Natick;  Arthur  F.  Johnson,  Maiden; 
Samuel   M.   Lapp.   Boston. 

Frank  M.  Gaffney.  Leominster;  Joseph  A.  Gallant,  New  Bed- 
ford; William  H.  Hickey.  Fall  River;  Joseph  A.  Lamothe,  Holyoke; 
Arthur  J.  Leary,  Springfield;  Eldred  W.  Woodworth,  Haverhill; 
Thomas  C.  Garner,  Boston;  Frederick  V.  Palladino.  Boston;  Arthur 
A.  Brum.  Medford;  Charles  A.  Duhamel.  Boston;  Joseph  F.  La- 
liberte.  Boston;  Allan  H.  Adams.  Somerville;  Herbert  A.  Clough, 
Medford;  Thomas  F.  Cuddy,  Lawrence;  William  P.  Murray, 
Lowell ;    Florin n    J.    Amrhein,    Boston;    Gdalio    S.    Soroka,    Boston. 

The    following   were    granted    Assistant    Certificates: 

Assistants — Charles  A.  Gwynn,  New  Bedford;  Joseph  M.  Mc- 
Laughlin, Brookline;  Alfred  R.  Trimbacb,  Boston;  Samuel  K. 
Saleeby,  Boston ;  Alfred  H.  Chute.  Somerville;  Homer  D.  Tubbs, 
Boston ;  Sherman  T.  Oliver,  Cambridge ;  Rodolph  L.  Roy,  Lynn ; 
Wilfred  D.  Arseneault,  Worcester;  Joseph  D.  Beauparlant.  Fall 
River;  William  S.  Brosseau,  Holyoke;  Eugene  A.  Brown,  Natick; 
Frederic  H.  Ferris.  Holbrook;  Harry  I.  Garb,  Boston;  Aloria 
Genest,  Indian  Orchard;  John  E.  Martin,  Lawrence ;  Theresa  F. 
Reardcn.  Springfield;  Arthur  J.  Brown.  Lowell ;  Edward  L.  Cos- 
tellow.  Hudson;  Elwynn  A.  Dearth,  Lowell;  Romeo  O.  de  Villers, 
Fall  River;  Oliver  L.  Goodness,  Springfield;  William  H.  Mc- 
Cormick,  Cambridge;  John  J.  McGreevey,  Westfield;  Ubald  G.  St. 
Jacques,    Holyoke ;    Ford   W.    White,    Cambridge. 

Edmond    G.    Bessette,    New    Bedford;   Henry    R.    Blanchette,    New 


344 


THE   PHAKIMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[July,  1914 


Bedford:  Rosaire  Demers,  New  Bedford;  George  A.  Gladu,  New 
Bedford;  Louis  Guha,  New  Bedford;  Thomas  F.  Healy,  Jr.,  New 
Bedford;  Arthur  H.  Leger,  Worcester;  John  A.  McCarthy,  Law- 
rence; Toseph  A.  E.  Michaud,  New  Bedford;  Reynold  N.  Silver- 
man, W'orcester:  Paul  Dalen,  Boston;  Joseph  E.  Gallagher,  Boston; 
David  J  Lynch,  Boston;  Albert  L.  Reynolds,  Everett;  Kevork 
Vartan  Takvorian.  Boston;  Harrv  M.  Bean,  Somerville;  Roupen 
Der  Stepanian,  Cambridge;  Walter  R.  Hayes,  Medford;  Arthur 
Simonson.  Boston;  lohn  S.  Austin,  Cambridge;  Harry  A.  Mc- 
Donald, Boston;  Carl  M.  Smith.  Reading;  Fred  E.  Therrien,  Bos- 
ton; Maurice  I.  Brassard,  Lowell;  James  P.  Shea,  Lowell;  Charles 
D.  Devno,  Lowell;  Merrill  R.  Johnson,  Brockton;  Edward  St. 
Hilaire,  Mansfield;  Joseph  W.  Vogel,  Quincy. 

New  York. 
The  number  of  penalties  paid  the  New  York  State  Board  during 
May,  1914,  and  the  character  of  the  violations  follow: 

Non-registration    of    Pharmacy 1 

Working    hours    of    employees 1 

Methvl    alcohol    present •• 1 

Adulterated    and    deficient   pharmacopoeial    products 8 

Adulterated   and  deficient  prescriptions 15 

Junior   violations    " 

Total     35 

At  the  e.taminations  held  May  20-21  the  following  applicants 
were    successful:  ,,  ,  . 

Druggists— New  York  City:  Charles  Weinrob,  Isidore  Rabino- 
witz,  William  Lockman,  Peter  Barbieri,  Vincent  W.  Kasprzychi, 
Frank  A.  Greene.  Harrison  O.  Meredith,  J.  Sebring  Ackerman, 
Oscar  Frailer,  William  M.  Malloy,  Warren  E.  Doll,  Michael  De- 
Lalla.  Charles  M.  Storm,  Edward  J.  Kodet,  Ralph  F.  Finello, 
Roscoe  S.  Jones,  Edward  Cragg,  Jr..  Aaron  M.  Dixon,  Robert  E. 
Lee.  Charles  H.  Knevitt.  Albany:  Mathilde  M.  Bongartz,  Clarence 
H.  Weatherwax,  William  J.  Brisbin.  Elmer  J.  Schiemer,  Fred  L. 
Schramme,  Jack  W.  Abraham,  Ruth  L.  Marsh,  Morris  Singer, 
Earl  F.  Davenport,  Llovd  B.  Whitaker,  Arthur  Hagues,  Francis 
Fletcher,  Harry  O.  Withey,  George  E.  Conrad.  Morris  M.  Horo- 
witz, George  P.  Reichardt,  Harry  J.  Van  Vleck,  George  E.  Robin- 
son. Buffalo:  Edith  C.  Peloubet,  Joseph  L.  Harrington,  John  D. 
Cogswell,  Edwin  J.  Booth.  Guiseppe  Ortolani,  Henry  M.  Fish, 
Gerald  F.  Campbell.  Louis  J.  Urbanski,  Ernest  C.  Silvernail,  Cur- 
tis C.  Finney,  Herman  L.  Hardy,  Marvin  B.  Davis,  George  W. 
Vadakin,  Isidore  Lurie,  Homer  D.  Streator.  Henry  I.  Whitby, 
Jewett  G.  Holbrook,  Henry  W.  Chapman,  Fred  M.  Noninger,  Ivan 
M.    Pleskow,   Charles   A.    Williamson,   George   Cavaguaro. 

Pharmacists— New  York  City:  Samuel  M.  Rivkin,  Harry  Kim- 
melman,  Donato  Lamonaca,  Reuben  Podolsky,  Francis  A.  Frawley, 
Joel  W.  Brown,  Andrew  Phillips,  Maurice  N.  Babbit,  Clarence  F. 
Dennis.  Jacob  Marionowsky,  Abraham  J.  Rosenfield.  Samuel  Fer- 
ber,  Salvatore  Picozzi,  Nicholas  Andreole,  Patrick  J.  Tunny,  Max 
Belson,  Samuel  Olson.  Reuben  Cirulnick,  Morris  H.  Smukler, 
Hvman  Levine,  Samuel  M.  Klein,  Isidor  Goldenberg,  Minnie 
Sachs.  Benjamin  Lipson.  Francis  At  Callahan,  Harry  Aronsohn, 
Solomon  H.  Chramoy,  Abraham  Lerner,  Rudolf  Cunradi,  Lynn 
Berbert,  Asher  Z.  Dubinbaum,  Morris  B.  Twersky,  Morris  D. 
Ruderman,  Benjamin  Rappaport,  Henry  S.  Lavina,  Irving  Wesch- 
ler  William  Shomstein,  Nathan  Wiener.  Harry  N.  Lester,  Samuel 
Schoen.  David  Berkowitz,  Herman  J.  Godes.  Walter  H.  Daniell, 
Timothy  J.  Landres.  Max  Breitbart.  Louis  Sheinfine,  Solomon 
Kemp,  Boris  Gourin,  Isaac  Bounin.  Lewis  N.  Brown.  Edward  J. 
Taylor,  McNeil  Blair,  Bernard  J.  Barbieri,  Florence  V.  G.  Wodicka, 
Murray  Markowitz,  Nicholas  M.  Jacobson,  Louis  Dwork,  Attilio 
Sabini,  Harry  A.  Read.  Mandle  Katz.  Charles  Dwork,  Solomon 
Katz,  Kopel  Samuelson,  Francis  B.  McSheehy.  Jacob  Doniger, 
Henry  Barrack,  Charles  Bushel,  David  G.  Matzkin,  Helen  A. 
Butkus,  Jacob  A.  Michels,  David  Chasan.  Louis  Reiss.  Nathan 
Moskowitz.  Jacob  Rutes.  Benjamin  Feinstein,  Julius  Nelson, 
Howard  C.  Newton,  Otto  J.  Hoffman,  Solomon  Zevie,  Eendette 
Carfora,  Joseph  SuchofI,  Thomas  E.  Kinane,  William  Zibulsky, 
John  Sciacca,  Benjamin  Foodin,  Simon  Shack.  Thomas  A.  Zim- 
merman, Leo  Cohen.  Gustave  Smith,  Michle  Scheinfinkel.  Harry 
D.  Niemetz,  Carlton  S.  Embree.  Joseph  A.  Trainor.  Meyer 
Emanuel,  Abraham  J.  Tolmach.  Michael  T.  Sisto.  Raymond  J. 
Martin,  Gaetano  Cavallo.  Joseph  Futterman.  Albany:  Carl  A. 
Weber,  Rufus  A.  MacGregor,  J.  Edward  Molloy,  Raymond  D. 
Darringer,  John  J.  Healy,  Jr.,  Sylvester  E.  McDermott,  Emanuel 
Brunt,  Roy  Abernethy,  Herman  P.  Rappold,  Henry  H.  Swink,  Fred 
J.  Mcllreath,  John  E.  Kelly,  Nicholas  L  Rogers,  Chester  W. 
Weeks,  Herbert  Jones.  Raymond  H.  Curtis.  Walter  M.  Hartmann. 
Buffalo:  Henry  D.  Bennett.  Reuben  J.  Bennett.  Lucius  A.  Wil- 
liams. Cornelius  J.  Hoctor.  Frank  S.  Deyoe,  Uriah  S.  Messiter, 
Ethel   I.   Woodward. 

Oregon. 
PORTLAND,  June  20.— The  following-named  passed  the  State 
Board  examinations  at  the  recent  tests;  J.  G.  Torrance,  Portland; 
J.  L.  Spence,  Salem;  I.  C.  Beers.  Salem;  Clair  Taylor,  Portland; 
C  S.  Harlocker,  Coquille;  O.  S.  Perry.  Portland;  F.  A.  Logan. 
Portland;  E.  G.  Phipps.  Portland;  C.  O.  De  Vore.  Portland;  O.  C. 
Shindler.  Marshfield;  Kathryn  Brainard.  Medford;  Amy  Hughes. 
Salem;  E.  H.  Moody.  Portland;  L.  H.  Schultz.  Portland;  G.  R. 
Baum,  Portland;  Lester  M.  Leland,  Portland;  Benjamin  Harning. 
t^rvallis;  Olive  M.  Harry,  Corvallis;  Rose  C.  Mason.  Jefferson; 
O.  H.  Schutz.  Portland:  J.  H.  Baker.  Portland;  J.  C.  Shirley. 
Corvallis;  H.  T.  Soil.  Portland;  L.  L.  Hendricks.  Portland;  W.  A. 
Groves,  Condon;  F.  V.  Engledinger,  Hillsboro;  Harvey  Koon, 
Corvallis;    H.    L.    Kurtz,    Rainier. 

Rhode  Island. 

PROVIDENCE,  June  20- Francis  M.  Laudy,  of  Cumberland, 
passed  examination  before  the  Board  of  Pharmacy  Tuesday, 
April  7. 

James  A.  Miller,  Providence;  James  J.  Chandley,  Jr.,  Pawtucket, 
and  Arsene  Lepage,  Woonsocket,  passed  the  examination  at  the 
meeting  of   the  board  May  5. 


South  Dakota. 

BROOKINGS,  June  20.— At  the  Spring  meeting  of  the  South 
Dakota  Board  of  Pharmacy  a  class  of  30  took  the  examinations 
for  registration  in  pharmacy,  the  following-named  being  granted 
certificates: 

I'harmacists— Earl  G.  Wheeler,  Parker;  Anna  Sivertson,  Pier- 
pont;  M.  W.  Henney,  DeSmet;  E.  S.  Hansen,  Wagner;  R.  H.  Soule, 
Brookings. 

Assistants— F.  G.  McDougall,  Britton;  L.  J.  Kadinger,  Hartford; 
L.  E.  Nelson,  Canton;  A.  J.  Shaw,  Miller;  M.  M.  Reeve,  Milbank; 
John  Eng,  Flandrau;  George  Paulson,  Dell  Rapids;  H.  Heubner, 
Hot  Springs;  D.  Wilier,  Geddes;  A.  T.  Danielson,  Omaha;  H.  F. 
McGowan,  Mt.  Vernon;  J.  Gedstad,  Lennox;  J.  T.  Heffernan, 
Mcintosh;  C  H.  Hess,  Blunt;  J.  S.  James,  Huron;  D.  F.  Danforth, 
Raymond. 


Texas. 

HOUSTON,  June  20— The  regular  meeting  of  the  Texas  Board 
of  Pharmacy  was  held  in  the  Auditorium,  in  Houston,  May  19, 
with  a  full  attendance  of  all  members  present.  There  were  87 
applicants  in  waiting  to  take  the  examination,  the  following  making 
satisfactory   grades: 

W.  F.  Allison,  Chisholm;  W,  F.  Brooks,  Ferris;  Olin  Bruton, 
Mesquite;  L.  M.  Davis,  Galveston;  L.  E.  Ferguson,  Ft.  Worth; 
I..  G.  Heirston,  Snyder;  H.  E.  Hunsucker,  Staples;  N.  E.  Hud- 
dleston,  Galveston;  R.  E.  Maris,  Franklin;  P.  L  Moore,  San 
Antonio;  J.  M.  Pyburn.  Jr.,  Coolidge;  P.  A.  Rush,  Marlin;  John  J. 
Shiller,  Rowena;  L,  T.  Stinson,  Dallas;  Wm.  L.  Threadgill,  San 
Antonio;  C.  B.  Wiggins.  Galveston;  H.  L.  Bartlett.  So.  Houston; 
C.  A.  Bailey.  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  E.  V.  Cassles,  Greenville;  G.  N. 
Dickinson,  Galveston;  Geo.  D.  Graves,  Galveston;  Jno.  W.  Halsey, 
Rogers;  Garrett  Herring,  Humble;  Berry  Loper,  Mabank;  Thos.  Q. 
Moseley.  Galveston;  E.  C.  Parker,  Hawkins;  W.  C.  Pirtle.  San 
Marcos;  F.  A.  Ratliff.  Ganado;  D.  Sheftelman,  San  Antonio;  C.  L. 
Taylor.  Ft.  Worth;  R.  L.  Wheelock.  Corsicana;  Anabel  Wilson, 
£1   Paso. 

The  next  regular  session  of  the  State  Board  will  be  held  in 
Dallas,   Sept.   15. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  coming  year:  H.  C. 
Jackson,  president.  Austin;  Jno.  A.  Weeks,  treasurer,  Ballinger; 
R.   H.   Walker,   secretary,  Gonzales. 

K.  H.  Walker  was  elected  delegate  to  the  National  Association 
Boards  of  Pharmacy,  which  convene  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  on  Aug. 
24,   1914. 


Utah. 

SALT  LAKE,  June  20. — At  the  quarterly  meeting  for  the  ex- 
amination of  applicants  for  registration,  held  at  the  University  of 
Utah,  13  of  the  17  candidates  were  successful,  as  follows:  Paul 
Ai.en,  P.  V.  Van  Orden,  G.  E.  Traul,  Harry  J.  Chappelin  and 
Leon  Davis,  Salt  Lake  City;  James  A.  Greer,  Ogden;  Robert  C. 
Lucke,  Brigham  City:  Frank  S.  Ulrich,  Devil's  Slide;  Edgar  I. 
\Villiams,  Myton;  Robin  L.  King,  Layton;  Joseph  Kastill.  Logan; 
Horace    K.    Allman,    Mt.    Pleasant;    Parley    Nelson,    Manti. 


NEWS   OF   THE   BOARDS. 


The  Chicago  "Tribune"  recently  raised  a  tempest  in  a  teapot  by 
declaring  that  the  Illinois  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  was  illegally 
waiving  pharmacy  tests  on  the  payment  of  a  $5  fee  by  applicants 
for  registration  coming  from  other  States.  Both  Governor  Dunne 
and  President  Provost  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  were  quick 
to  reply  to  the  charge,  making  the  explanation — which  any  drug- 
gist would  have  known — that  the  extra  fee  of  $5  went  to  the 
National  Association  of  Boards  of  Pharmacy  under  the  reciprocal 
registration  arrangement.  Similar  reciprocal  arrangements  have 
been   made  with  other  State  boards  of  medicine   and  dentistry. 

On  charges  that  Truax,  Greene  &  Co..  of  Chicago,  a  physicians' 
supply  house  at  171  North  Wabash  avenue,  has  been  distributing 
narcotics  illegally  the  Illinois  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  seized  the 
firm's  sales  records  recently.  On  one  spindle  at  the  time  of  the 
raid  by  officers  of  the  State  board  and  two  attorneys  50  prescription 
slips  for  morphine  were  found.  Revocation  of  the  license  of  the 
concern  was  asked  by  the  State  board,  and  the  attorney  for  the 
board.  State  Senator  John  Waage,  alleged  that  the  board  had 
evidence  showing  that  firm  sold  cocaine  to  any  person  calling  for 
it.  without  the  slightest  restriction. 

Representative  F.  A.  Earhart.  of  New  Orleans,  has  introduced  a 
bill  for  the  further  regulation  of  pharmacy,  the  main  features  of 
which  are.  the  following:  That  all  registered  pharmacists  must 
renew  their  certificates  annually;  heretofore  it  has  been  every 
four  years.  That  pharmacists  shall  work  70  hours  per  week,  on  a 
two  weeks'  basis.  That  the  Secretary  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy 
must  furnish  the  State  Board  of  Health  with  the  result  of  all 
examinations.  That  the  examination  fee  for  pharmacists  shall  be 
raised  from  $8  to  $15  in  order  to  make  the  State  board  self- 
sustaining. 

Alleging  that  their  Pittsfield  store  has  been  refused  a  license 
because  the  State  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy  is  made  up 
of  competitors  and  its  report  is  unfair,  the  Riker-Hegeman  Co. 
has  filed  a  petition  for  a  writ  of  mandamus  in  the  Supreme  Court 
in  Boston.  The  store  in  Pittsfield  has  been  ready  for  opening  for 
weeks,  and  considerable  money  has  been  spent  in  making  altera- 
tions in  the  property  at  North  and  Depot  streets,  and  in  fitting  up 
the    store. 

The  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  of  Iowa  has  announced  that  the 
pharmacy  certificates  of  Edward  Higgins  and  Richard  Krusho,  of 
Dfs  Moines,  and  H.  P.  Griepenburg,  of  Manson.  have  been  revoked 
because  of  evidence  of  violation  of  the  law  regarding  the  sale  of 
liquors. 

After  an  examination  of  eight  Ohio  druggists  charged  with  the 
illegal  sale  of  narcotics,  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  found 
the  charges  sustained  in  four  cases,  which  were  placed  on  file. 
The  other  four  druggists  were  not  found  guilty  of  illegal  acts. 


Abolition  of  Guaranty  Postponed. 


Revised   Food   Inspection   Decision   Allows   Manufac- 
turers Additional  Year  in  WMch.  to   Exhaust 
Stock  of  Labels. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C,  June  20.— It  has  been  decided  to 
postpone  the  effective  date  of  Food  Inspection  Decision 
153,  which,  in  substance,  abolishes,  after  May  1,  1915, 
the  present  guaranty  legend  on  food  and  drugs. 

This  legend,  now  in  general  use  by  manufacturers,  is 
"Guaranteed  by  (name  of  guarantor)  under  the  Food  and 
Drugs  Act."  The  Secretaries  of  the  Treasury,  Agriculture  and 
Commerce  have  found  it  to  be  misleading  and  deceptive.  Many 
people  have  been  induced  to  believe  that  all  articles  labeled 
with  the  legend  have  been  e.xamined  and  approved  by  the 
Government.  The  facts  are  that  putting  the  legend  on  labels 
by  manufacturers  is  entirely  voluntary  and  that  the  Govern- 
ment never  guarantees  the  wholesomeness  or  purity  of  food 
or  drug  products. 

It  appears  that,  acting  in  accordance  with  the  regulation  now 
in  force,  which  permits  the  legend,  many  manufacturers  have 
supplied  themselves  with  large  stocks  of  labels  which  cannot  be 
used  up  by  May,  1915.  The  result  is  that  if  the  regulation, 
as  amended  by  Food  Inspection  Decision  153,  should  go  into 
effect  May  1,  1915,  large  losses  would  accrue  to  citizens  who 
have  expended  their  money  for  labels  in  good  faith  and  in  an 
effort  to  comply  with  existing  regulations. 

To  meet  this  situation  the  effective  date  of  the  amendment 
to  the  regulation  will  be  postponed  until  May  1,  1916,  and  as 
to  products  packed  and  labeled  prior  to  May  1,  1916,  in  com- 
pliance with  law  and  with  the  present  regulations,  it  will  be 
postponed  imtil  November  1,  1916.  Meanwhile,  manufacturers 
may,  and  doubtless  will,  label  their  goods  in  compliance  with 
the  new  regulations. 

The  decision  is  as  follows : 

UNITED  STATES  DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE 
Office  of  the  Secretary 


Drug  Laws  and  Rulings 


FOOD   INSPECTION  DECISION  No.   155. 

CHANGING  EFFECTIVE  DATE  OF  FOOD  INSPEC- 
TION DECISION  No.  153,  WHICH  AMENDS  REGULA- 
TION 9,  RELATING  TO  GUARANTIES  BY  WHOLE- 
SALERS, JOBBERS,  MANUFACTURERS,  AND  OTHER 
PARTIES  RESIDING  IN  THE  UNITED  STATES  TO 
PROTECT  DEALERS   FROM   PROSECUTION. 

The  effective  date  of  Food  Inspection  Decision  No.  153, 
issued  May  5,  1914,  is  hereby  postponed  imtil  May  1,  1916; 
Provided,  That  as  to  products  packed  and  labeled  prior  to 
May  1,  1916,  in  accordance  with  law  and  with  the  regulations 
in  force  prior  to  May  5,  1914,  it  shall  become  effective  Novem- 
ber 1,  1916;  And,  Provided  Further,  That  compliance  with  the 
terms  of  Regulation  9  of  the  Rules  and  Regulations  for  the 
Enforcement  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act  as  amended  by  Food 
Inspection  Decision  No.  153  will  be  permitted  at  any  time 
after  the  date  of  this  decision. 

C.  S.  Haitlin, 

Acting  Secretary  of  the   Treasury. 

D.  F.  Houston, 

Secretary  of  Agriculture, 
Wm.  C.  Redfield, 

Secretary  of  Commerae. 


New  Leg'al  Provisions  in  Maryland Tablets  con- 
taining more  than  one-tenth  grain  mercury  bichloride  must  be 
of  either  triangular,  diamond,  square,  oblong  or  other  irregular 
shape,  and  their  color  must  be  either  blue,  purple  or  green, 
with  the  word  "Poison"  imprinted  or  embossed  on  each  tablet. 
Further,  these  tablets  can  only  be  sold,  dispensed  or  given 
away  in  bottles  upon  one  side  of  which  the  word  "Poison"  is 
blown,  and  when  a  label  with  the  word  "Poison"  is  placed  on 
the  face  of  the  bottle.  The  penalty  for  transgressing  this  law 
is  not  less  than  $25  nor  more  than  $100  fine  for  each  offence, 
or  imprisonment  in  jail  for  not  less  than  30  days  nor  more  than 
three  months.  This  law  forbids  the  sale  of  any  round  and  any 
white  tablets  that  contain  more  than  one-tenth  grain  mercury 
bichloride  in  each  tablet,  and  it  also  prohibits  the  sale,  dis- 
pensing and  giving  away — even  by  physicians  or  on  a  pre- 
scription— of  any  tablets  that  contain  more  than  one-tenth 
grain  mercury  bichloride  in  any  other  kind  of  container  than 
in  bottles  that  subscribe  to  the  above  restrictions.  The  Sani- 
tary Inspection  law,  as  it  applies  to  drug  stores,  requires 
cleanliness  at  the  soda  fountain  and  in  the  manufacture  of  ice 
cream,  and  it  further  insists  that  the  materials,  utensils  and. 
containers  that  are  used  therein  shall  be  kept  in  a  sanitary 
condition.  This  law  gives  the  right  of  inspection  of  the 
premises  by  the  inspectors  of  the  Board  of  Health,  who  in 
turn  make  their  report  to  the  Board  of  Health,  who  will  then 
act  as  the  complainants  in  the  case.  A  failure  to  comply  with 
their  requirements  will  cause  them  to  prosecute  the  case  before 
a  justice  of  the  peace,  although,  if  the  defendant  should  prefer, 
he  may  take  the  case  to  court. 

Sweeping  Weights  and  Measures  Law  in  Massa- 
chusetts— One  of  the  most  stringent  weights  and  measures 
acts  ever  passed  by  a  State  Legislature  has  gone  into  effect  in 
Massachusetts,  the  scope  of  the  law  including  all  graduates, 
weights  and  measures  used  in  hospitals,  private  sanatoriums 
and  retreats  and  by  physicians  and  nurses  as  well  as  by  phar- 
macists. The  salient  section  of  the  act  is  as  follows:  ".Apothe- 
caries and  all  other  persons  dealing  in  or  dispensing  drugs  or 
medicines  or  merchandise  sold  or  given  away,  by  apothecaries' 
weights  or  by  apothecaries'  measures,  shall,  at  least  annually, 
cause  such  weights  and  measures  so  used  to  be  tested  and 
sealed  by  the  sealer  of  weights  and  measures  in  the  respective 
cities  and  towns  in  which  they  carry  on  business;  provided, 
however,  that  if  a  graduate  glass  measure  has  once  been  sealed 
by  a  sealer  of  weights  and  measures,  it  shall  not  in  any  case 
be  necessary  to  have  it  sealed  again  at  any  time  while  it  re- 
mains in  the  same  condition  in  which  it  was  first  sealed." 
The  bill  provides  that  any  person  who  uses  apothecaries' 
weights  and  measures  in  any  form  and  who  does  not  comply 
with  the  provisions  of  this  law  in  having  the  weights  tested 
shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  less  than  $5  or  more  than 
$50. 

Wants   Stockade   for   Drug-   Victims Dr.    Carl   Host, 

city  physician  of  Butte,  Mont.,  has  made  a  suggestion  that  a 
stockade  should  be  built  at  the  city  poor  farm  for  the  accom- 
modation of  drug  victims.  'When  the  city  sends  them  to  the 
county  jail  they  are  released  in  a  few  days,  only  to  be  thrown 
back  upon  the  city,"  says  Dr.  Host.  ""The  same  thing  takes 
place  when  they  are  sent  to  the  State  insane  hospital  at  Warm 
Springs.  There  the  authorities  take  the  stand  that  there  is  no 
appropriation  to  care  for  them,  and  as  a  result  drug  users  are 


346 


THE   PHARIIACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


turned  loose  in  a  short  time,  even  though  they  are  sent  there." 

Court     Holds    Unregistered     Druggist     May     Keep 

Liquor Ruling   on   a    demurrer    by   the   State   to   a   special 

answer  in  the  drug  store  cases  in  which  three  Marion,  Ind., 
druggists  were  charged  with  the  illegal  sale  of  liquor,  Judge 
Paulus,  of  the  circuit  court,  has  held  that  the  keeping  of 
liquor  by  a  druggist  not  a  registered  pharmacist,  was  not 
illegal.  The  ruling  held  it  was  the  pharmacist  and  not  the 
drug  store  which  was  licensed.  The  cases  will  be  carried  to  the 
Supreme  Court  by  the  State. 

Fewer    Deaths    from    Bichloride    of    Mercury Dr. 

Charles  Frederick  Pabst,  of  Brooklyn,  whose  efforts  had  a 
great  deal  to  do  with  the  passage  of  the  regulations  confining 
the  sale  of  bichloride  of  mercury  tablets  to  physicians'  pre- 
scriptions, reports  a  falling  off  in  the  number  of  deaths  from 
this  cause  since  the  regulations  went  into  effect.  There  were 
10  deaths  in  the  five  boroughs  between  March  1  and  June  1, 
si-T  were  suicides  and  four  were  accidental.  A  still  greater 
decrease  is  expected  during  the  next  quarter.  Dr.  Pabst  said: 
"That  the  effect  of  the  regulation  in  this  city  may  not  be 
nullified  by  a  trip  across  the  river,  I  have  been  in  communi- 
cation with  F.  H.  Edsall,  Superintendent  of  Health  for  Jersey 
City,  and  he  is  revising  the  sanitary  code  to  include  the  regu- 
lation as  here.  The  Health  Commissioner  of  Boston  plans  to 
have  the  regulation  introduced  in  that  city.  Dr.  Young, 
Health  Commissioner  of  Chicago,  is  taking  similar  steps  as  to 
Chicago,  and  F.  Bell,  secretary  of  the  Legislative  Bureau  of 
Illinois,  has  sent  to  me  for  a  copy  of  our  law  and  purposes 
to  have   it  introduced   in  the  Illinois  Legislature." 

Bottles  Must  Be  Marked  in  Pennsylvania — John 
Virdin,  chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Weights  and  Measures,  has 
warned  manufacturers  of  bottles  and  other  glass  containers  in 
Pennsylvania  to  manufacture  only  containers  stamped  with 
the  true  capacity.  "You  are  hereby  notified  that  every  bottle, 
jar  or  measure  of  any  description,  used  or  to  be  used  for  the 
sale  or  offering  for  sale  of  milk,  skim-milk,  cream  or  milk 
preparations  of  any  description  in  liquid  form,  within  the 
county  of  Philadelphia,  must  be  only  of  the  following  sizes: 
Standard  1  gallon,  containing  231  cubic  inches;  standard  Yi 
gpllon,  containing  115.5  cubic  inches;  standard  1  quart,  con- 
taining 57.75  cubic  inches;  standard  1  pint,  containing  28.875 
•cubic  inches;  standard  ^  pint,  containing  14.437  cubic  inches; 
standard   1   gill,  containing  7.21875  cubic  inches." 

To   Pay   Opitim   Kewards According  to   a   decision   by 

the  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  Department  the  courts  are  to 
pay  the  rewards  for  information  furnished  concerning  violations 
of  the  opium  law.  In  a  letter  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
the  Comptroller  wrote:  "The  informer's  claim  to  his  share  of 
the  fine  or  forfeiture  is  a  matter  which  must  be  adjudicated  by 
the  court;  and  the  coiut's  order  is  final  both  as  to  payment 
itself  and  the  method  in  which  payment  shall  be  made.  If  the 
order  adjudging  the  fine  or  forfeiture  directs  that  half  of  the 
amount  recovered  shall  be  paid  to  the  informer  it  would  seem 
that  the  court  officer  having  custody  of  the  money  collected 
tmder  the  order  should  disburse  under  the  terms  of  the  order, 
paying  half  to  the  informer  and  depositing  the  remainder  in 
the  treasury  as  required  by  law." 

To  Stop  the  Smuggling  of  Narcotic  Drugs — Dr.  H. 
L.  Schuiz,  formerly  chief  of  the  Federal  food  and  drugs  in- 
spection laboratories  in  Detroit,  which  were  moved  to  Chicago 
several  months  ago,  has  been  in  Michigan  in  the  interest  of  a 
coalition  between  the  customs  and  food  and  drugs  departments 
to  watch  the  importations  of  food  and  drugs  at  Detroit,  par- 
ticularly with  a  view  to  preventing  the  smuggling  of  narcotics. 
Dr.  Schuiz  visited  the  principal  ports  of  entry  in  Michigan 
to  place  before  the  local  inspectors  his  plan,  which  was  gen- 
erally received  with  enthusiasm,  and  it  is  hoped  that  the  illegal 
entry  of  cocaine,  morphine  and  opium  into  this  country  in  the 
Michigan  district  will  be  completely  wiped  out. 

Illinois  Drug  Stores  as  State  Board  Stations — Gov. 
Dunne,  of  Illinois,  has  approved  plans  by  which  the  State 
Board  of  Health  will  hereafter  be  prepared  to  make,  free  of 
charge,  Wasserman  blood  tests,  and  microscopic  examinations 
in  cases  of  diphtheria.  The  Wasserman  tests  will  be  made 
by  the  State  laboratory  but  only  for  strictly  indigent  patients. 
The  majority  of  the  stations  where  local  physicians  can  obtain 
the  necessary  equipment,  as  well  as  antitoxin,  are  located  in 
drug  stores. 

Insecticides  Containing  Imflammables  Barred — 
Massachusetts   druggists   and   hardware   dealers   have   been   in- 


formed that  the  State  police  are  about  to  enforce  a  regulation 
prohibiting  the  sale  of  insecticides  containing  any  inflammable 
liquid.  This  will  bar  the  bug  and  insect  destroyers  which 
contain  oil  of  cedar  or  benzine,  and  the  regulation  has  been 
put  in  force  because  of  the  danger  attending  the  use  of  such 
preparations,  one  fatality  and  several  serious  accidents  being 
on  record  in  the  State. 

Kansas  Starts  War  on  Complexion  "Foods. "—War 
on  injurious  skin  foods,  complexion  rejuvenators  and  similar 
preparations  on  the  market  in  Kansasthas  been  begun  by  the 
State  Board  of  Health.  "Most  of  them  are  fakes,"  according 
to  Chief  Food  and  Drug  Inspector  L.  A.  Congdon,  "and  some 
of  them  are  really  dangerous  to  skin  and  to  health."  The 
crusade  is  the  result  of  recent  laboratory  examinations  of  such 
preparations  carried  on   by  the  State  Board  of  Health. 

Massachusetts  Ruling  on  Sunday  Sales — Judge  Hub- 
bard, of  the  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  court,  gave  a  decision  recently  to 
the  effect  that  the  only  places  which  can  be  kept  open  legally 
on  Sundays  for  the  sale  of  ice  cream,  soda  and  confectionery 
are  drug  stores  and  the  places  of  licensed  innholders.  The  fact 
that  newspapers  or  tobacco  are  sold  every  day  in  the  week  does 
not  give  the  storekeepers  the  right  to  sell  ice  cream  and  soda 
on  Sunday. 

Sanitary  Provisions  Raise  Soda  Water  Price Har- 

risburg.  Pa.,  druggists  have  raised  the  retail  price  of  soda 
water  because  of  the  provisions  of  the  new  health  regulations 
requiring  them  to  pay  a  $5  milk  inspection  fee.  A.  M.  Rickert, 
18th  and  Walnut  streets,  was  the  iirst  to  boost  his  soda-water 
price. 

New  York  Narcotic  Law  as  a  Basis  of  Virginia 
Ordinance — Dr.  Powhatan  S.  Schenck,  health  commissioner 
of  Norfolk,  Va.,  has  secured  a  copy  of  the  new  Boylan  anti- 
narcotic  law  (New  York)  and  is  drafting  a  city  ordinance  for 
Norfolk  which  is  based  upon  the  Empire  State  measure. 

Want  Cocaine  Sale  Declared  a  Felony At  a  con- 
vention of  200  police  chiefs  and  city  marshals  at  San  Antonio, 
Texas,  resolutions  were  adopted  appealing  to  the  Legislature  to 
amend  the  law  so  as  to  make  the  sale  of  cocaine  and  morphine 
a  felony  instead  of  a  misdemeanor. 


AMENDMENT  TO  SANITARY  CODE  OPPOSED  BY 
DRUGGISTS. 


.^t  a  meeting  held  at  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy, 

May  27,  delegates  from  the  Drug  Trade  Conference  to  the 
Advisory  Board  of  the  Municipal  Board  of  Health  were  in- 
structed to  oppose  the  proposed  amendment  to  Section  182 
of  the  Sanitary  Code,  relative  to  the  selling  of  preparations 
containing  certain  drugs.  If  this  measure  is  adopted,  it  is 
affirmed,  druggists  will  not  be  able  to  sell  patent  medicines 
except  upon  a  prescription.  Dr.  Wm.  C.  .\nderson  suggested 
an  amendment  to  the  section  relating  to  the  dispensing  of 
habit-forming  drugs,  which  would  allow  the  selling  of  prepara- 
tions for  external  use  without  a  prescription,  as  well  as  four 
or  five  well-known  family  remedies  which  contain  small 
amounts  of  narcotics,  like  brown  mixture.  The  Board  was  to 
be  requested  to  lose  no  time  in  printing  and  distributing  the 
blanks  for  the  Boylan  Law  prescriptions,  which  will  be  needed 
July  1.  Other  measures  favored  by  the  Conference  were  the 
Weil  methyl-alcohol  ordinance,  the  labeling  as  poisons  of 
preparations  such  as  .^.B.S.  pills,  and  a  statement  of  the 
presence  of  saccharine  on  the  label  of  substances  containing  it. 


Drug  Trade  Section  Seeks  Information  on  Guaranties. 

At  the  June  meeting  of  the  Drug  Trade  Section,  New  York 
Board  of  Trade  and  Transportation,  Secretary  Wm.  F.  McCon- 
nell  was  instructed  tp  write  the  Department  of  Agriculture  for 
explicit  information  on  the  subject  of  individual  guaranties 
permitted  to  accompany  shipments  of  food  and  drugs.  He  was 
also  to  inquire  as  to  whether  the  name  of  the  manufacturer 
must  be  signed  on  each  guaranty  or  may  be  printed  on  the 
invoice  guaranty  statement  together  with  the  new  individual 
guaranty.  The  members  did  not  protest  the  abolition  of  the 
old  form  of  guaranty  legend  and  the  serial  number.  The 
extension  of  time  to  May  1,  1916,  was  considered  a  great  relief 
as  compared  to  the  time  first  allowed  by  the  F.I.D. 

C.  S.  Littell  reported  that  he  had  encountered  considerable 
difficulty  in  filling  out  the  inquiry  blanks  required  by  the 
Department  of  Labor  in  connection  with  the  workmen's  com- 
pensation law.  The  law  does  not  define  "workmen."  No 
action  was  taken. 


JtTLT,    1914] 


THE    PHAKALICEUTICAL    ERA 


347 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


H.  K.  Mulford  Co.  happenings  of  interest  include  the 
following  items:  S.  M.  Quirk  has  been  transferred  from 
Boston,  Mass.,  to  Pittsburgh,  Pa.  A.  C.  Newbridge,  special 
representative,  is  making  an  extended  visit  to  the  home  office 
in  Philadelphia.  L.  P.  Faucett,  treasurer  of  this  company,  is 
spending  an  extended  vacation  at  his  bungalow  on  Indian 
River,  Delaware.  H.  K.  Mulford  attended  the  commencement 
exercises  at  Wellesley,  from  which  his  daughter,  Miss  Marion 
Mulford,  graduated  this  year.  J.  D.  Girvin,  a  member  of  the 
sales  department,  will  sail  from  Philadelphia  for  Europe  on 
the  Merion  during  the  early  part  of  August.  A.  T.  Richards, 
assistant  treasurer,  has  returned  from  an  extended  sojourn  to 
Ocean  View,  Delaware.  E.  V.  Pechin,  secretary,  has  taken  up 
his  Summer  residence  at  Twin  Lake,  Conn.  Miss  Mazie 
Dougherty,  cashier,  was  a  visitor  at  this  year's  meeting  of  the 
Pennsylvania    PTiarmaceutical    Association. 

The  J.  R.  Watkins  Chemical  Co.,  of  Winona,  Minn., 
of  which  Paul  Watkins  is  president,  and  E.  L.  King,  vice- 
president,  have  a  new  building  at  155,  157  and  159  Perry 
street,  New  York  City.  The  structure  is  of  fireproof  con- 
struction, eight  stories  in  height,  and  contains  nearly  100,000 
square  feet  of  floor  space.  The  Watkins  company  manufacture 
more  than  100  different  articles,  including  flavoring  extracts, 
toilet  preparations,  household  remedies,  and  they  are  one  of 
the  largest  importers  and  grinders  of  spices  in  this  country. 
The  business  amounts  to  millions  of  dollars  annually  and  the 
firm  employs  3000  salesmen  and  thousands  of  workers.  The 
company  has  considered  locating  a  manufacturing  plant  at 
Boston  or  Baltimore,  where  it  has  branch  houses,  but  decided, 
after  making  a   careful   investigation,   to  locate   in   New   York. 

El   Cerrito   Products   for  the   Dealer   Who   Cares 

The  maker  of  cold  creams  and  toilet  preparations  realizes  that 
a  poor  perfume  or  essential  oil  will  spoil  the  quality  of  an 
otherwise  highly  satisfactory  product.  It  is  to  the  druggist  or 
specialty  man  who  is  looking  for  essential  oils,  synthetic  per- 
fume oils,  etc.,  which  will  give  continuous  satisfaction  that  the 
El  Cerrito  Synthetic  Laboratories,  Inc.,  of  San  Francisco, 
appeals.  El  Cerrito  Oil  Jack  Rose  has  made  a  reputation, 
and  its  sales  are  constantly  increasing.  The  offices  of  this 
company  have  been  removed  to  San  Francisco,  but  the  plant 
still  remains  in  San  Mateo.  See  their  advertisement  for  the 
line  carried ;   in  writing  please  mention  the   Era. 

The  National  Co-operative  Drug  Co.,  the  new  million- 
dollar  buying  concern  owned  and  controlled  by  retail  druggists 
in  the  larger  cities  of  the  country,  has  now  added  Minneapolis 
to  its  cities  with  branches — the  roster  now  including  St.  Louis, 
Cincinnati,  Dallas,  New  Orleans,  San  Francisco  and  other 
central  localities.  The  merged  company  in  Minneapolis  is  the 
Mer-rit  Drug  Co.,  a  local  co-operative  concern  made  up  of 
about  40  retail  druggists.  \  warehouse  will  be  built  at  115 
Western  avenue.  The  members  of  the  Mer-rit  Drug  Co.,  it  is 
asserted,  will  take  about  $75,000  worth  of  stock  in  the  National 
company. 

Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  gave  their  24th  annual  picnic  and 
outing  to  their  employees  at  Bob-Lo  on  June  11.  More  than 
4000  were  guests  of  the  firm  and  enjoyed  the  sail  down  Detroit 
river  on  the  twin  steamboats  Columbus  and  Ste.  Claire.  The 
mammoth  laboratories  in  Detroit  and  Walkerville,  Ont.,  were 
closed  for  the  day,  and  the  employees  were  given  their  salaries 
just  the  same,  so  the  gathering  was  carefree.  It  was  a  great 
big  family  picnic,  and  was  enjoyed  by  everyone  from  the  heads 
of  departments  to  the  ever-present  small  boy. 

The  Randall-Paichney  Co.,  makers  of  surgical  instru- 
ments, etc.,  are  in  business  difficulties.  Federal  Judge  Dodge, 
of  Boston,  has  named  C.  P.  Blinn,  Jr.,  and  R.  Whidden  as 
receivers.  The  company  has  liabilities  of  $292,000,  while  the 
assets  are  said  to  be  in  the  vicinity  of  $400,000.  The  company 
has  factories  at  Jamaica  Plain  (Boston),  and  at  Watertown, 
N.  Y.  The  petition  for  the  appointment  of  receivers  was 
brought  by  the  Cutter  &  Wood  Supply  Co.,  of  New  Jersey. 

The  Nashville  (Tenn.)  Stirgical  Supply  Co.,  Church 
street  and  Fourth  avenue,  was  organized  several  months  ago, 
and  purchased  the  surgical  supply  department  of  the  De- 
Moville  Drug  Co.  George  T.  Wilson,  formerly  vice-president 
of   the   DeMoville   company,   is  the  head   of   the   new   concern. 


and  Henry  W.  Cooper,  formerly  the  head  of  the  surgical 
supply  department  of  the  DeMoville  company,  is  associated 
with  him. 

The  H.  W.  Johns-Manville  Co.  has  moved  its  Duluth 
office  to  larger  quarters  at  No.  327  West  1st  street,  in  order 
to  take  care  of  its  increased  business.  The  new  office  is  on 
the  ground  floor,  with  windows  for  the  display  of  J-M 
asbestos  roofing,  pipe  coverings,  packings,  sanitary  specialties, 
auto  accessories  and  other  products  of  this  company's  well- 
known  and  varied  lines. 

The  Eastern  Drug  Co.  Employees'  Mutual  Benefit  Asso- 
ciation held  their  11th  annual  party  and  dance  in  Roxbury, 
Mass.,  with  more  than  600  in  attendance.  John  F.  Maloney 
was  chairman  of  the  reception  committee,  and  President  John 
Tomlinson  was  floor  marshal,  assisted  by  James  J.  Shields. 
Vice-President  William  C.  Quinn  was  chairman  of  the  enter- 
tainment committee. 

The  Yahr  &  Lange  Drug  Co.,  well-known  wholesale 
drug  house  of  Milwaukee,  which  purchased  the  large  building 
of  the  Bradley  &  Metcalf  Co.,  207  East  Water  street  some 
time  ago,  began  the  work  of  remodeling  the  structure  about 
June  1.  The  building  will  be  light,  modern  and  will  give  the 
Yahr  &  Lange  concern  more  than  double  the  space  it  had  in 
its  other  quarters. 

Prof.  Severance  Burrage,  director  of  the  biological 
laboratories,  and  John  S.  Wright,  manager  of  the  advertising 
department  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  attended  the  Spring  meeting 
of  the  Indiana  Academy  of  Science  held  at  South  Bend.  Prof. 
Burrage  is  president  of  the  academy.  Mr.  Wright  was  sec- 
retary of  the  society  for  10  years  and  one  of  its  former 
presidents. 

The  Fricke  Drug  and  Rubber  Co.,  Council  Bluffs,  la., 
has  expanded  its  business  through  the  purchase  of  the  O.  H. 
Brown  drug  store  at  537  South  Main  street.  Albert  Fricke,  who 
for  the  past  18  months  has  been  in  Chicago  and  Ne%v  York, 
will  be  the  manager  of  the  new  store  which  will  be  known  as 
the  "Economical  Drug  Store."  Mr.  Brown  was  in  the  location 
for  31  years. 

The  Hannon-Bach  pharmacy  has  been  opened  at  431 
Main  street,  Stevens  Point,  Wis.,  by  Maurice  J.  Hannon  and 
Edward  G.  Bach.  .■Mong  one  side  of  the  store  eight  handsome 
booths  have  been  installed  for  the  convenience  of  the  patrons 
of  the  soda  fountain.  Above  the  booths,  in  panel  effect,  is  an 
oil  painting  50  feet  long  and  three  feet  wide. 

The  Hu-Wa-Co  Drug  Co.,  whose  name  is  made  up  of 
syllables  from  the  names  of  several  of  its  members,  was  recently 
incorporated  with  a  capital  stock  of  $15,000  for  the  purpose  of 
engaging  in  the  retail  drug  business  at  East  Liverpool,  Ohio. 
Those  interested  are  H.  F.  McNutt,  T.  A.  Huebner,  T.  E. 
Lewis,  H.  Waggoner  and  W.   J.  Todd. 

The  National  Druggists  Manufacturing  Co.,  Oak 
Harbor,  Ohio,  has  increased  its  capital  stock  to  $50,000.  The 
following  officers  and  directors  have  been  elected :  President 
and  general  manager,  L.  Z.  Lantz,  Oak  Harbor;  vice-president. 
Dr.  Baker,  Genoa;  secretary,  George  Gehring,  Elmore;  treas- 
urer, F.  Lewis  Miller,  Oak  Harbor. 

"W.  A.  Caperton,  sales  manager  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  re- 
cently accompanied  Mrs.  Caperton  and  the  children  to  Mrs. 
Caperton's  former  home  at  Athens,  Te.xas.  Mr.  Caperton  was 
absent  from  his  desk  for  two  weeks  and  visited  the  jobbing 
trade  in  surrounding  Texas  territory.  His  family  will  be 
away  the  entire  month  of  July. 

George  W.  Shoemaker,  a  retail  druggist,  who  for  a 
number  of  years  has  been  conducting  his  business  at  722 
North  Hamilton  street,  ."Vllentown,  Pa.,  recently  moved  his 
place  of  business  to  new  and  more  commodious  quarters  at 
804   North   Hamilton   street,   that   city. 

The  Ost  Apothecary  has  been  incorporated  under  the 
laws  of  New  Jersey,  w'ith  a  capital  of  $100,000.  It  will  do  a 
general  drug  business.  The  incorporators  are:  Morris  R.  Ost. 
Edward  Ost  and  Louis  Ost,  of  Philadelphia.  Business  will 
be  transacted  at   Atlantic   City. 

The  Strong  &  Cobb  Co.,  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  has  been 
organized  to  handle  a  wholesale  drug  business  in  that  city. 
The  capital  stock  is  $500,000,  and  the  incorporators  are  A.  A'. 
Cannon,  O.  O.  Vrosman,  H.  A.  Beckett,  P.  .\.  White  and 
J.  E.  Splittdorf. 
The  J.   S.   Rinehart  Co.,  of  Toledo,  has  filed  articles  of 


348 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


incorporation  at  Columbus  with  a  $10,000  capital.  J.  S. 
Rinehan,  H.  T.  Burt,  William  Post,  George  F.  Lay  and 
Charles  H.  Mason  arc  the  incorporators. 

Berwick  &  Co.,  Inc.,  of  Poughkeepsie,  is  a  newly  char- 
tered concern  under  the  laws  of  New  York,  with  a  capital  of 
SIO.OOO.  The  directors  are  E.  S.  G.  Berwick,  Clarence  J. 
Drake  and  Sarah  O.  Darrow. 

Win  Suits  has  purchased  the  interest  of  his  brother,  Lin, 
in  the  Suits  Bros.'s  pharmacy  at  iledford,  \\'is.,  and  is  now 
in  sole  charge.  Lin  Suits  has  purchased  the  Lindsay  phar- 
macy at  New  Holstein.   Wis. 

James  K.  Polkinghorne,  of  Pensacola,  Fla.,  has  opened 
a  new  drug  store,  finished  in  mission  tliroughout,  with  a 
handsome  new  fountain.  It  will  be  known  as  the  Palace 
pharmacy. 

The  Woodward  Drug  Co.  (Boston)  employees  gave  a 
dance  recently  attended  by  nearly  100  couples.  Honor  guests 
were  Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  E.  Murphy  and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  H. 
Finneran. 

B.  Goldenthal,  who  has  opened  a  new  drug  store  at  3131 
Boston  road,  near  the  entrance  to  Bronx  Park,  gave  away 
souvenirs  on  the  initial  business  day  of  the  new  enterprise, 
May  2. 

Brevard  Culp,  who  has  opened  a  drug  store  at  3320  Third 
avenue,  is  a  native  of  North  Carolina,  a  graduate  of  the  New 
York  public  schools  and  of  the  New  York  College  of  Phar- 
macy. 

The  Jaynes  Drug  Co.,  a  :Massachusetts  corporation,  in 
their  last  report  filed  with  the  Secretary  of  State,  showed  total 
assets  of  $1,843,758  for  1914  as  compared  with  $1,327,963  for 
1913. 

Oscar  and  Elmer  Shultz,  who  have  conducted  the  Shultz 
pharmacy  at  Green  Bay,  Wis.,  have  dissolved  partnership  and 
Oscar  Shultz  will  now  have  charge  of  the  business. 

The  Shuler  pharmacy,  one  of  Pottstown's,  Pa.,  oldest 
places  of  business,  was  sold  recently  to  and  is  now  being 
conducted   by  Edgar  A.  Nyman,  also  of  that  place. 

The  Riker-Hegeman'  Co.  are  to  open  a  new  store  in 
Wilmington,  Del.,  in  the  building  now  occupied  by  C.  F. 
Rudolph,  Inc.,  Fourth  and  Market  streets. 

A.  J.  Riess,  of  1607  Second  avenue.  Rock  Island,  111., 
has  opened  one  of  the  best-equipped  establishments  west  of 
Chicago. 

R.  S.  Gill  has  been  elected  secretary  and  treasurer  of  the 
Chesebrough  Manufacturing  Co.  to  succeed  S.  A.  Drew, 
resigned. 

The  Cuero  (Tex.)  Corner  Drug  Store,  owned  by  S.  F. 
Coleman,  will  be  one  of  the  most  modem  stores  in  Southern 
Te.xas. 

The  Fargo  (Gra.)  Drug  Co.  has  opened  a  new  store 
under  the  direction  of  E.  F.  Henderson. 


NEW    INCORPORATIONS. 


Wood's  Drug  Store,  Inc.,  Orange,  Conn.;  capital,  $6000;  president, 
James  P.  Wood,  New  Haven;  secretary  and  treasurer,  John  K. 
Stevenson,   West   Haven. 

Ost  Apothecary,  Atlantic  City,  N.  J.;  capital,  $100,000;  M.  R.  Ost, 
E.  Ost,  L.   Ost,  J.  Ginsburg. 

Imperial  Electron  Medical  Co.,  Brooklyn;  capital,  $10,000;  direc- 
tors, Charles  H.  Hall,  Wm.  F.  Kissing  and  Frank  F.  Jones, 
all  of  Brooklyn. 

Mecca  Drug  Co.,  Birmingham,  Ala.;  capital,  $3000;  officers,  B.  R. 
E.  Lee,  president;  A.  E.  Day,  vice-president;  P.  B.  Wilbanks, 
secretary   and    treasurer. 

Remington-Bailey  Drug  Co.,  Shawnee,  Kan.;  capital,  $5000;  Lena 
Remington,  H.  O.   Bailey  and  W.   L.  Chapman,  all  of  Shawnee. 

The  Levine-Blanding  Drug  Co.,  of  St.  Croix  Falls,  Wis.,  has 
changed    its   name  to   the  J.   N.    Blanding   Drug   Co. 

The  Cross  Hill  Drug  Co.,  Columbia,  S.  C,  has  Ijeen  incorporated 
with  $2000  capital,  by  G.  F.  Klugh,  C.  Dial,  B.  O.  Whitten 
and  A.   M.   Klugh. 

Dothan  Drug  Co.;  H.  A.  Denton,  manager;  John  Ellis,  assistant 
manager,   has   succeeded   A.   E.    Smith   at   Dothan,   Ala. 

Hollowell  &  Ryan  Drug  Co.,  Kokomo,  Ind. ;  capital,  $8000;  in- 
corporators,  Larry   Ryan,  Otis  J.   Hallowell   and   Byron  Haines. 

Reading   Drug   Co.,   Wilmington,   Del.;    capital,   $100,000. 

Advance  Products  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio;  pharmaceutical  products; 
capital,  SIO.OOO;  F.  A.  Kreuzberg,  C.  H.  Matchett,  Edw.  L. 
Smith,    Roland   A.    Baskura,    F.    A.    Bauman. 

Lincoln  Drug  Co.,  Lincoln,  Me.;  capital,  $10,000:  president,  Robert 
A,    Lovely,    Lincoln;,  treasurer,    Byron    F.    Porter,    Lincoln. 

Palace  Drug  Store,  Inc.,  Fayetteville,  Ark.;  capital,  $25,000; 
incorporators,  James  J.  Reed,  J.  Floyd  Hight,  H.  A.  Briden- 
thal   and   Dr.  John  P.   Hight. 

Grand-St.  Louis  Drug  Store,  Inc.;  $6000  capital;  W.  R.  Coryell, 
G.  M.   Scheu  and  W.   F.  Long,  all  of  St.  Louis. 

Charles  A.  Woodworth  Co.,  Inc.,  Lodi,  N.  Y. ;  capital,  $25,000; 
drugs,  medicines,  chemicals,  etc.;  C.  A.  Woodworth,  F.  Wood- 
worth,  C.   S.   Farr. 


Vcrgo  Manufacturing  Co.,  Inc.,  Buffalo;  drugs,  medicines;  capital, 
$10mi;   Leroy   M.    Kellas,  John   P.    KcUas,    Edmund  J.    Bristow. 

L.  G.  Denton  Co.,  Inc.,  Schenectady,  manufacturers  and  dealers  in 
drugs  and  patent  medicines;  capital,  $25,000;  Louis  G.  Denton, 
Frederick   R.   Clough   and   Louis  S.   Scbring. 

Scott  Drug  Co.,  Kingstree,  S.  C;  capital,  $5000;  D.  C.  Scott, 
president    and   treasurer;  J.    H.    Scott,    secretary. 

The    Norwalk   Drug  Co.,   Connecticut. 

The  Prescripto  Drug  Co.,  Omaha,  Neb.;  capital,  $25,000;  Edward 
F.    Gcttcn,   Daniel  J.    Killcn   and  Arthur   S.    Gilette. 

The  Oriiioka  Pharmacal  Co.,  Inc.,  Manhattan;  druggists,  chemists; 
capital,  $50,000;  incorporators,  J.  A.  Arroyo,  S.  Proskauer  and 
A.   J.    Ristorcelli. 

Alabama  Medicine  Co.,  Montgomery;  drugs  and  medicines;  capital, 
$5000;  president,  R.  H.  Bozeman;  vice-president,  William  H. 
Duncan:  M.  H.  Duncan,  general  manager,  secretary  and 
treasurer. 

M.  Schwartz,  New  York;  capital,  $5000;  incorporators,  S.  Earl 
Lavene,  H.  W.   Miller  and  A.   IJacharach. 

Keller  Pharmacy  Corporation,  New  York;  capital,  $10,000;  incor- 
porators, George   Schmidt,  M.    L.  Joyce,  J.   J.    O'Brien. 

Walker  Drug  Co.,  Schenectady;  capital,  $10,000;  incorporators, 
H.    E.   Walker,  Maude   E.   Hooker  and   Harry  G.  Hooker. 

Scott-Lanyon   Cash    Drug   Co.,    Pittsburg,    Kan.;    capital,   $20,000. 

George  H.  Mayr,  Chicago;  capital,  $5000;  incorporators,  George  H. 
Mayr,   George   K.    Herman   and   E.    W.    Shaw. 

The  Black  Diamond  Remedy  Co.,  Inc.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  capital, 
$100,000;  incorporators,  E.  Austin,  M.  L.  Case  and  W.  M. 
Spaulding. 

The  Retail  Druggist  Selling  System  of  Fort  Worm,  Texas;  capital, 
$25,000:  incorporators,  M.  H.  Forsyth,  H.  E.  Embenhour  and 
C.   T.  Lemond. 

The  Dix  Mfg.  Co.,  Manhattan;  to  deal  in  articles  contained  in 
drug  stores;  capital,  $5000;  incorporators,  E.  Englander,  O. 
Englander  and  L.  N.  Larson. 

The  Rheumo  Chemical  Co.,  Brockton,  Mass.;  capital,  $15,000;  in- 
corporators, Abbott  W.  Packard,  William  Neeves,  Mary  Mc- 
Crillis  and  Daniel  W.  Case. 

The  North  Pharmacy,  Inc.,  North  Attleboro,  Mass.;  capital,  $10,000; 
incorporators,  Herman  N.  Collins,  Raymond  V.  Willey  and 
Marion   E.    Gelinas. 

The  Wolcott  Square  Pharmacy,  Boston;  capital,  $5000;  incorpora- 
tors, Harry  L.  Wardle,  William  C.  Zickendrath  and  Linwood 
C.  Conant. 

National  Chemical  and  Pharmacal  Co.,  Toledo,  Ohio;  capital, 
$50,000;  incorporators,  E.  A.  Harshman,  H.  E.  Rechner,  E.  B. 
Collins,  M.   R.  Auth  and  Ralph  Harshman. 

Cleas  Tilly,  Inc.,  wholesale  drug  stores;  capital,  $150,000;  Dela- 
ware corporation,  chartered  by  F.  R.  Hansell,  Philadelphia; 
George  H.   B.   Martin  and  S.   C.  Seymour,  Camden,   N.  J. 

Woods  Drug  Co.,  Orange,  Conn.;  capital,  $6500;  incorporators, 
James  P.  Wood  and  Nellie  K  Wood,  New  Haven;  John  K. 
Stefenson,  West  Haven. 

ii.ntilosis  Drug  Co.,  Columbus,  Ohio;  capital,  $3000:  Harry  M. 
Manger,  Wilber  P.  Day,  George  W.  Mason,  W.  H.  Hill  and 
J.   O.   Brown. 

Our  Drug  Co.,  Georgetown,  S.  C. ;  capital,  $5000;  president,  H.  C. 
Smith;  vice-president,  F.  M.  Brickman;  J.  W.  Wingate,  secre- 
tary  and   treasurer. 

Park  Ridge  Pharmacy  Co.,  Park  Ridge,  N.  J.;  capital,  $5000; 
incorporators,  Frederick  H.  Ebegardt,  Frank  O.  Millag,  Jr., 
George  E.  Duncan. 

San  Antonio  Drug  Co.,  San  Antonio,  Tex.;  capital  $1,150,000;  in- 
creased capital  to  provide  increased  warehouse  facilities  at 
Galveston,    and    larger   branch    offices    at    Dallas    and    Monterey. 

International  Drug  Co.,  Cliicago;  capital,  $40,000;  incorporators, 
Joseph   Nasi,  Jacob   Brande   and  Leon   Brande. 

June  Smith  Drug  Store.  Inc.,  Lexington,  Ky. ;  capital,  $3500;  in- 
corporators, June  Smith,  W.  T.  Luxon  and  Elizabeth  S.  Collins. 
M.    De  Marsico,    D.    Villamena,   A.   Carabillo. 


RECENT   FIRES. 


Fire  believed  to  have  started  from  spontaneous  combustion  in 
the  ether  building  of  the  Mallinckrodt  Chemical  Works.  St.  Louis, 
early  in  the  morning  of  June  11  destroyed  or  damaged  two  ether 
factories,  a  mixed  chemical  factory  and  three  storage  houses.  A 
number  of  steam  mains  leading  from  the  boiler  plant  were 
damaged.  The  works  occupy  a  block  bounded  by  Second,  Hall, 
Salisbury  and  Mallinckrodt  streets,  and  the  firemen  worked  hard 
amid  chemical  fumes  and  dense  smoke  to  extinguish  the  blaze. 
President  Edward  Mallinckrodt  at  first  estimated  the  damage  at 
$100,000,  but  a  more  thorough  investigation  bv  the  adjustment  com- 
pany, which  represented  a  majority  of  the  200  insurance  companies 
holding  risks  on  the  concern,  placed  the  damage  at  $225,000.  The 
to:  1  insurance  on  the  plant  was  $1,660,000.  It  was  fortunate  that 
no  one  was  injured.  While  a  number  of  employees  were  forced 
from  work  temporarily  it  was  stated  that  they  would  be  continued 
on  the  payroll.  Auditor  Frohock_  said  that  the  company  could 
resume  full  operation  in  a  short  time. 
At  Savannah,  Ga.,  Solomons  Co.,  wholesale  druggists;  loss  between 

$50,000  and   f60,000;   fully   insured;   cause  unknown. 
At  Elizabeth,  N.   C,  Cape  Fear  Drug  Co.,;  building  destroyed. 
At  Dermott.  Ark.,   Bordeau   drug  store;   loss  $2000. 
At  Marseilles.    111.,   Trowbridge    drug   store;    loss    to   stock. 
At  Appleby,   Tenn.,   Week's   drug  store:  burned  out. 
At  Decatur,   Ga.,  Meeks  Drug  Co.;  loss  $3000. 
At  Winnipeg,  Man.,  Public  drug  store;  loss  total. 
At  Mc.Mester.   Okla.,   C.    E.    Stillix   drug   store;   loss  $3000. 
At  Elkhart,  Texas,   Donthit   drug  store;   loss  total. 
At  Burlington,   111.,    Emerson   &  Medley   drug   store;   loss  total. 
At  Hinton,  la.,  B.   F.  Ponfrew  drug  store:  loss  total. 
At  Florala,    Ala.,   Quilliri   Bros,   drug  store;   loss  $3000  stock. 
At  Coeur   d'Alene,   Idaho.    Young   pharmacy;   loss   $11,000. 
At  Brighton,   Mass.,   E.    E.   Heinlein;   water  damage. 


July,  1914] 


THE   PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


349 


The  New  Smile  on  the  Face  of  the  South. 


The  American-French  Perfume  Co.,  Paris,  Tenn.,  Is  Offering 
a  New  Line  of  Perfumes  and  Toilet  Articles  Truly 
Parisian  in  Elegance, 

WITHIN  the  past  decade  there  has  been  a  growing  senti- 
ment among  druggists,  perfume-makers  and  toilet  goods 
men  in  this  country  that  there  was  no  reason  why  the 
product  of  the  American  perfumer  should  not  stand  upon  an 
equally  high  plane  with  that  of  the  Parisian  laboratory.     The 


The  Handsome  Container  for  Dental  Paste. 

opinion  was  often  expressed  in  sessions  of  National  perfumery 
men  that  the  American  product  compares  so  favorably  with  the 
imported  article — without  the  handicap  of  the  additional  price 
to  the  retailer  made  necessary  by  tariff,  etc. — there  was  and  is 
no  necessity  for  distinction  in  handling,   or  marketing. 

It  is  true,  perhaps,  that  the  original  perfume  products  of 
American  laboratories  lacked  in  distinction  and  in  elegance, 
in  their  lasting  quality  and  in  delicacy  and  originality  of  odor. 
It  is  also  true  that  the  early  containers  were  crude  as  compared 
with  the  handicraft  of  the  Parisian  workman,  always  an  artist. 

Today,  however,  no  one  of  these  criticisms  holds  true.  It 
is  possible  to  obtain  in  this  country  perfumes  and  toilet  articles 
of  the  most  exquisite  character,  beautifully ,  packaged,  bottled 
and  labeled,  without  a  jarring  note  to  offend  the  most  fastidious 
taste  when  used — as  they  are — as  a  conspicuous  adjunct  to 
milady's  dressing  table.  .■\nd,  while  in  quality,  in  odor,  in 
lasting  fragrance  these  products  are  all  that  can  be  desired, 
since  men  trained  in  foreign  laboratories  are  in  supervision  of 
their  manufacture — they  can  still  be  sold  at  a  rate  which 
enables  them  to  compete  most  favorably  in  price  with  the 
foreign  article. 

The  American-French  Perfume  Co.,  of  Paris,  Tenn.,  puts 
out  a  line  of  perfumes  and  toilet  articles  which,  when  com- 
pared item  by  item,  for  beauty  of  container,  elegance  of 
preparation  and  quality  of  goods,  does  not  suffer  in  comparison 
with  the  products  of  the  most  noted  European  laboratories. 
An  idea  of  the  beauty  of  their  packaging  can  be  gained  from 
the  half-tone  reproduction  of  their  dental  cream  herewith. 
Their  products  include :  Xora  Eau  de  Toilette,  Xora  Bouquet, 
Manta  Rosa  Eau  .de  Toilette,  Manta  Rosa  Essence,  talcum 
powder,  ilanta  Rosa  Face  Powder,  tooth  paste,  toilet  water 
(six  odors)  and  cologne,  and  these  are  produced  under  the 
personal  supervision  of  the  company's  chemist,  an  experienced 
perfumer   from   Bulgaria  and  from   Paris,   France. 

The  American-French  Perfume  Co..  Inc.,  was  organized  in 
March,  1913,  with  S200.000  capital.  Its  officers  and  directors 
are  men  of  standing  in  the  busy  little  city  of  Paris,  the 
president  of  the  company  being  T.  B.  Walker,  vice-president 
of  the  First  National  Bank  there.  P.  D.  T.  Roberts,  of  the 
Roberts  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  is  the  secretary,  while  C.  C.  Jackson, 
a  successful  theatrical  man  and  manager  of  the  Dixie  Theater, 
is  the  vice-president. 

In  their  sales  plan  the  ."American-French  Perfume  Co.,  Inc., 
is  to  strongly  emphasize  co-operation  with  the  retail  dealer. 
To  quote  a  recent  letter  from  their  secretary  and  advertising 
niMigtr: 

"We  propose  to  get  behind  the  druggist  with  as  much  and 
as  unique  advertising  as  possible,  and  in  addition  will  make 
him  special  prices  in  special  deals.  We  further  propose  to  use 
moving-picture  slides,  mailing  lists,  folders,  etc.,  and  intend 
to  give  the  druggist  all  possible  co-operation.    We  want  it  to 


be  a  money-making  proposition   for  him,   because   it  will  then 
be  a  money-making  proposition  for  us." 

For  further  details  as  to  the  company's  line  and  business 
policy,  and  for  an  idea  of  the  grace  and  beauty  of  the  perfume 
containers  used,  we  would  call  attention  to  the  advertisement 
on  another  page  in  this  issue. 


Lily  Drinking  Cups  Clean  and  Attractive. 
The  Public  Service  Cup  Co.,  of  Brooklyn,  makers  of  aseptic 
paper  "individuals"  for  use  at  the  soda  fountain,  and  for  any 
purpose  where  a  "personal"  drinking  cup  is  utilized,  are  put- 
ting out  these  cups  so  the  druggist  can  retail  them  and  make  a 
profit   at    five   cents   a   package.      The   Lily   drinking   cups   are 


round,  rigid,  one-piece,  aseptic  paper  cups,  stiffened  with  pleats 
which  act  like  structural  braces.  Their  form  and  method  of 
manufacture  is  shown  in  the  cut  herewith.  The  smooth,  well- 
rounded  lips,  so  different  from  the  cutting  lip  of  tlie  average 
paper  drinking  cup,  makes  the  Lily  cup  unique  for  comfortable 
use.  The  company  will  send  samples  to  any  druggist  on 
application. 


WITH  OUR  ADVERTISERS. 


Building  a  Business  in  Cameras  and  Supplies — Sup- 
pose you  have  become  interested  in  the  possibilities  of  a  camera 
department  through  holding  the  agency  for  some  printing  and 
developing  concern — many  druggists  have.  Suppose  you  have 
realized  that  there  is  no  good  camera  agency  in  your  immediate 
neighborhood,  or,  possibly,  in  your  community.  You  doubt- 
less have  realized  that  there  is  money  in  a  good  camera  and 
photographic  goods  sideline,  but  have  hesitated,  not  knowing 
the  cost  or  the  risks.  It  is  to  you  as  a  druggist  that  the 
Seneca  Camera  Mfg.  Co.  turns  with  an  offer  of  assistance,  and 
a  line  of  cameras  and  camera  supplies  sold  under  a  money- 
back  guarantee.  The  policy  of  the  Seneca  company  is  not  to 
ask  a  new  dealer  to  lay  in  a  large  assortment  of  instruments, 
but  to  buy  a  quick-selling  line,  and  then  order  any  special 
camera  a  customer  might  need  from  the  factory.  In  this 
manner  the  druggist-retailer  can  make  large  profits  with  prac- 
tically no  investment.  Camera  and  supply  assortments  can  be 
had  at  from  SSO  up ;  in  fact,  in  their  advertisement  in  this 
issue  there  appears  a  halftone  cut  of  their  $50  assortment.  If 
interested  you  will  find  a  coupon  on  the  Seneca  advertisement 


350 


THE    PITAT;:\r.\CEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


which,  properly  filled,  will  bring  you  full  information  as  to 
assortments  and  offers. 

Gummed  Labels  in  Boiled  Form — The  McCourt  Label 
Cabinet  Co.,  makers  of  label  cabinets  and  of  gummed  labels 
in  roll  form,  have  perfected  a  system  which  obviates  dirty,  torn, 
sticky  or  mislaid  labels,  by  which  the  labels  are  kept  in  separate 
compartments  of  a  cabinet,  each  with  its  own  cutter,  and  from 
which  any  label  can  be  taken  and  affixed  when  desired  with 
the  smallest  amount  of  trouble,  and  without  using  space  valu- 
able for  other  purposes.  The  McCourt  labels  are  printed  on 
imported  paper  in  various  colors,  gummed  with  an  adhesive 
particularly  fitted  for  drug-store  work,  and  as  the  process  of 
printing  and  rolling  is  automatic  labels  can  be  produced  at  a 
very  small  price.  In  fact,  the  cost  is  lower  than  flat  labels, 
and  none  are  wasted  in  use,  making  a  double  saving  for  the 
user.  More  than  9000  druggists  are  using  this  system,  and 
thousands  of  physicians,  oil  companies  and  wholesalers  in 
different   lines,   as  well. 

Safety  First  in  Antiseptics — Criticism  of  the  practice 
of  labeling  bichloride  of  mercury  in  tablet  form  as  "antiseptic 
tablets" — a  practice  general  in  the  trade  up  till  within  a  very 
short  time — has  led  the  Norwich  Pharniacal  Co.  to  take  the 
lead  by  announcing  a  change  in  their  nomenclature,  by  which 
the  coffin-shape  bichloride  tablets  made  by  them  and  formerly 
called  ".-Vntiseptic  No.  1  Wilson"  are  now  known  and  labeled 
by  their  U.S. P.  title.  "Corrosive  Mercuric  Chloride."  The 
original  title  was  misleading  and  ill-advised  owing  to  the  very 
general  use  into  which  the  word  "antiseptic"  has  come  within 
the  past  few  years,  and  the  Norwich  Pharniacal  Co.  has 
again  shown  its  public  spirit  and  appreciation  of  the  "right 
thing"  to  do  by  its  action  in  thus  changing  its  nomenclature 
to  avert  all  possible  misconstruction  by  the  lay  mind. 

Filled  Capsules  Pay  the  Druggist — As  a  method  of 
dispensing  in  tasteless  and  easily-taken  form  a  large  variety 
of  useful  medicaments  that  in  other  forms  are  administered 
with  difficulty,  the  capsule  has  won  a  growing  popularity. 
Filled  capsules  are  an  exceedingly  profitable  line  for  the 
average  druggist  to  carry.  The  Grape  Capsule  Co.,  whose 
advertisement  appears  elsewhere  in  this  issue,  has  been  manu- 
facturing a  line  of  capsules  for  17  years,  and  two  of  their 
specialties,  Ricinol-Grape  and  Olive  Oil  Grape,  are  advertised 
in  the  leading  magazines  and  newspapers.  Druggists  are 
invited   to  send   for   a   complete   price   list   of  these   goods. 

Peroxide  in  the  Drug  Store — Department  stores  and 
similar  commercial  houses  have  been  getting  too  large  a  propor- 
tion of  the  business  in  peroxide  of  hydrogen — and  much  of  it  is 
of  very  poor  quality.  To  assist  the  druggist  in  holding  this 
branch  of  business  the  Mallinckrodt  Chemical  Works  have 
made  a  new  price  schedule  on  M.C.W.  Peroxide  of  Hydrogen 
in  any  quantity,  large  or  small,  through  the  jobber.  These 
prices  are  very  low,  quality  considered,  and  the  druggist  can 
now  compete  with  the  "unbranded"  peroxide  of  the  department 
store  with  the  labeled  product  of  well-known  and  reliable 
manufacturers.  A  Mallinckrodt  price  list  will  be  sent  on 
application. 

Sheffield  Pure  Tin  Tubes — The  New  England  Collap- 
sible Tube  Co.  has  recently  installed  a  chemical  department  to 
take  care  of  the  demand  for  filling  into  their  tin  tubes  any 
desired  toilet  article  or  cream.  Thus  the  tubes  will  be  manu- 
factured and  filled  in  one  establishment  with  consequent  saving 
of  expense  and  the  insurement  of  a  special  package.  The 
Sheffield  tubes  are  all  tin,  guaranteed  to  be  100  per  cent,  pure, 
imported  especially  from  Penang,  Straits  of  Malacca.  The 
company  will  be  glad  to  quote  prices  on  tubes  alone,  and 
also  on  the  tubes  filled,   labeled,   packed,   etc. 

Henry's  Porous  Plasters — The  Wilford  Hall  Laborato- 
ries, Port  Chester,  N.  Y.,  have  put  on  the  market  a  new  line 
of  porous  plasters  known  as  Henry's.  Each  package  comes  in 
an  airtight  box,  each  dozen  boxes  in  a  display  case.  With 
the  Henry  line  the  druggist  is  sure  always  of  having  fresh 
stock — Henrj'  plasters  when  delivered  to  a  customer  have  not 
lost  any  medicinal  property  by  long  exposure  to  the  air.  They 
are  carried  by  all  jobbers. 

Lemon  and  Orange  Phosphates,  J.H.S Since  the  an- 
nouncement in  the  .\pril  issue  of  the  T.  Hungerford  Smith 
"Mallow  Float"  many  dispensers  have  adopted  this  "True 
Fruit"  specialty  at  their  fountains.  This  month  the  "True 
Fruit"  specialties  announced  are  lemon  and  orange  phosphates, 
quick-selling  hot  weather  drinks  with  all  the  quality  for  which 
the  J.H.S.  products  are  famous. 


RIKER-JAYNES   SUE  DRUG  BOARD. 


A  novel  suit  at  law  has  been  instituted  in  Massachusetts 
by  the  Jaynes  Drug  Co.  against  the  State  Board  of  Registra- 
tion in  Pharmacy.  Recently  the  Jaynes  Drug  Co.  applied 
for  a  writ  of  mandamus  to  compel  the  State  Board  to  permit 
it  to  open  a  drug  store  in  the  city  of  Pittsfield.  In  its  peti- 
tion the  plaintiff  alleges  that  the  State  Board  of  Registration 
in  Pharmacy  is  composed  of  men  engaged  in  the  drug  business, 
and  that  some  of  them  are  competitors,  and  that  they  are  not 
acting  in  good  faith  in  refusing  the  permit  to  open  a  drug 
store  in  Pittsfield.  The  Board  of  Pharmacy,  in  its  reply,  says 
that  its  refusal  to  issue  the  desired  permit  is  based  on  statute 
grounds,  and  quotes  the  law  which  requires  tliat  now  every 
drug  store  must  be  conducted  by  a  registered  pharmacist, 
while  tlie  petitioning  company  is  controlled  by  a  New  York 
corporation,  whose  stockholders  are  not  registered  pharmacists, 
although  the  board  admitted  that  registered  pharmacists  are 
employed  to  run  its  stores. 

The  case  came  up  for  a  hearing  in  the  Supreme  Court, 
before  Judge  DeCourcy  June  2.  Albert  J.  Brunelle,  of  Fall 
River,  secretary  of  the  board,  was  put  on  the  stand  by  Sher- 
man L.  Whipple,  counsel  for  the  company,  and  he  was 
questioned  as  to  the  methods  employed  by  the  board  in  the 
application  for  a  permit  to  open  a  drug  store.  Mr.  Whipple, 
in  his  cross-examination,  drew  out  the  statement  from  the 
secretary  that  the  State  Board  had  promised  Gov.  Walsh  that 
no  action  would  be  taken  without  a  hearing  on  the  application, 
and  the  counsel  for  the  petitioners  had  been  given  a  chance  to 
inspect  the  objections  filed  by  the  Massachusetts  State  Phar- 
maceutical Association  and  the  Boston  Association  of  Retail 
Druggists.  The  further  admission  was  exacted  that  in  ex- 
ecutive session  the  board  had  denied  the  petition,  and  that 
the  counsel  for  the  company  had  not  been  given  a  chance 
to  inspect  the  objections.  The  substance  of  the  protest  of  the 
pharmaceutical  associations  was  that  a  permit  should  not  be 
given  to  a  store  controlled  by  persons  who  are  not  registered 
pharmacists.  Mr.  Brunelle  said  that  the  question  of  a  name 
for  the  store  had  been  discussed  by  the  board,  which  inclined 
toward  "The  Riker-Jaynes  store,"  while  the  petitioners  de- 
sired to  use  the  name  of  "Riker-Hegeman  Drug  Store."  The 
right  of  the  State  Board  to  refuse  an  application  for  a  permit 
based  on  its  construction  of  the  law  is  a  question  that  counsel 
for  the  company  said  will  be  argued  later. 

When  the  case  came  up  by  continuance,  Judge  DeCourcy 
intimated  that  he  thought  the  State  Board  had  placed  a 
construction  on  the  statute,  which  the  Legislature  had  not 
intended.  While  the  law  provides  that  a  permit  must  be 
issued  by  the  State  Board  before  a  drug  store  can  do 
business,  and  that  no  permit  shall  be  issued  to  a  cor- 
poration until  it  shall  appear  to  the  satisfaction  of  the 
board  that  the  management  of  the  store  shall  be  in  the 
hands  of  registered  pharmacists,  the  court  did  not  think  that 
the  law  intended  that  the  stockholders  should  be  registered 
pharmacists.  Judge  DeCourcy  ruled  that  the  State  Board 
should  give  a  hearing. 

DRUG  LAWS  AND  RULINGS. 


Changing  Effective  Date  of  Food  Inspection  Deci- 
sion No.  153 — The  effective  date  of  Food  Inspection  De- 
cision No.  153,  relating  to  guaranties  by  wholesalers,  jobbers, 
manufacturers,  and  other  parties  residing  in  the  United  States, 
to  protect  dealers  from  prosecution,  issued  May  5,  1914,  is 
hereby  postponed  until  May  1,  1916:  Provided,  That  as  to 
products  packed  and  labeled  prior  to  May  1,  1916,  in  accord- 
ance with  law  and  with  the  regulations  in  force  prior  to  May 
5,  1914,  it  shall  become  effective  November  1,  1916;  And  pro- 
vided further,  That  compliance  w-ith  the  terms  of  Regulation 
9  of  the  Rules  and  Regulations  for  the  enforcement  of  the 
Food  and  Drugs  Act  as  amended  by  Food  Inspection  Decision 
No.  153  will  be  permitted  at  any  time  after  the  date  of  this 
decision. 

Fruit  Juices  With  Alcohol   Must  Be   Labeled The 

U.S.  Department  of  .Agriculture  has  ruled  that  after  Sept.  1 
all  fruit  juices  to  which  alcohol  has  been  added  must  be 
plainly  labeled  to  that  effect  when  shipped  in  interstate  com- 
merce. Such  names  as  "cherry  juice,"  "peach  juice,"  etc.,  will 
apply  only  to  such  juices  when  unfermented,  and  which  con- 
tain no  added  sugar,  alcohol  or  other  substances.  Goods  not  so 
labeled  will  be  denied  admittance  to  this  country,  and,  if  found 
in  interstate  commerce,  will  be  subject  to  action  by  authorities. 


July,  191-4] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


351 


FATEMTS  AMD  TEABE  MAEJ 


FLEXIBLE   NECK   FUNNEL. 


FRANK  LIXDEEN,  Clinton,  111.,  has  devised  the  funnel 
shown  in  the  above  engraving  (Patent  No.  1,099,706) 
which  comprises  a  body  portion,  a  flexible  neck  extend- 
ing from  the  lower  end  of  the  body  and  adapted  to  engage 
the  neck  of  a   bottle  to  permit   lateral  movement  of  the   body 


1,099,706. 


.100,433. 


relative  to  the  bottle,  a  supporting  bar  extending  across  the 
top  and  a  flexible  air-conducting  tube  extending  through  the 
body  and  neck  and  slidable  through  the  supporting  bar.  The 
upper  end  of  the  tube  carries  a  finger  grip,  while  a  stopper 
carried  by  the  lower  end  of  the  tube  is  provided  for  sealing 
the  neck. 

Hermetic  Seal  for  Receptacles. 
This  sealing  device  for  bottles,  the  invention  of  Frank  S. 
Hereth,  New  York,  assignor  to  E.  R.  Squibb  &  Sons  (Patent 
No.  1,100,432),  consists  of  an  electro-deposited  layer  of  metal 
around  the  lip  of  the  bottle  in  combination  with  a  metallic 
disk  closing  the  mouth  of  the  bottle  and  soldered  to  the 
electro-deposited  layer. 


Collapsible  Tube. 
James  W.  Johnson,  assignor  to  Johnson  &  Johnson,  New 
Brunswick,  N.  J.  (Patent  No.  1,100,433),  has  designed  a 
collapsible  tube  which  presents  some  tmique  features.  The 
tube  has  its  dispensing  end  or  orifice  sealed  by  a  thin  film 
of  metal,  while  the  neck  is  provided  with  screw  threads.  To 
go  over  the  neck  of  the  tube  is  a  double-ended  cap,  both  of 
whose  ends  are  threaded  so  as  to  take  the  threads  of  the 
tube,  and  which  has  a  medial  part  or  division  wall  provided 
with  a  fixed  endwise  directed  piercing  member  adapted,  when 
the  cap  is  screwed  on  the  tube,  to  pierce  and  destroy  the  seal 
and  plug  the  orifice. 


Stable  Crystalline  Sodium  Bisulphite. 
Henry  Howard,  Boston,  Mass.,  has  been  granted  letters  patent 
(No.  1,099,177)  for  a  stable  crystalline  salt  of  sodium  bisulphite 


and  method  of  producing  the  same,  the  process  comprising 
concentrating  a  heated  solution  containing  sodium  bisulphite 
while  passing  sulphur  dioxide  through  said  solution,  cooling, 
crystallizing,  and  rapidly  separating,  drying  and  cooling  the 
crystals.  The  gas  is  passed  into  the  heated  solution  until 
crystallization  occurs,  the  excess  of  gas  being  absorbed  in  an 
alkaline  solution.  After  separating,  drying  and  cooling  the 
crystals,  the  alkaline  solution  containing  the  absorbed  sulphur 
dioxide  is  added  to  the  filtrate  from  the  crystals,  and  sulphur 
dioxide  is  passed  through  the  mi.xed  solutions. 


WW  Copy  of  Patent  or  Trade-Mark  15c.  Trade-Marks  & 
Labeb  Registered.  Advice  under  F.  &  D.  Acts.  Send  for  Book. 
G    H.  DAVIS,  918  F  St.,  N.W.,  Washington,  D.C.     (Adv.) 


Druggist's  Label  Case. 
This  label  case,  the  invention  of  Bvron  B.  Fees  and  Emanuel 
\V.  Schneider,  Pond  Creek,  Okla.  (Patent  No.  1,097.409), 
includes  a  casing  open  at  the  front  and  having  a  top  and  end 
walls  and  a  back  wall,  upwardly  inclined  grooves  on  the  inner 
faces  of  the  end  walls,  each  having  the  lower  edge  cut  away 
and  forming  a  seat  with  a  shoulder  at  its  front  end,  the 
grooves  opening  through  die  front  edges  of  the  end  walls,  and 
a  shelf  which  passed  into  the  grooves,  is  dropped  into  the 
seats   and   there   held   by   the   shoulders   against   accidental   es- 


1,097.409. 

cape.  .\  plurality  of  partitions  adjustably  mounted  on  the 
shelf  are  adapted  to  hold  packs  of  various  sizes  of  labels. 
These  partitions  are  provided  with  depending  threaded  pins 
projecting  through  slots  in  the  shelf  to  which  they  are  an- 
chored by  means  of  nuts  on  the  pins.  By  loosening  the  nuts 
any  particular  partition  may  be  moved  longitudinally  of  said 
shelf  toward  or  away  from  its  neighbor  to  provide  for  storing 
various  sizes  of  labels.  Each  partition  is  cut  away  obliquely 
at  the  front  edge  to  permit  the  withdrawal  of  the  lowermost 
label  when  wanted  for  use. 


PATENTS. 


Granted  May  5,   1914. 

:,095,205— Reinhold    Gniter    and    Heinrich    Pohl,    assignors    to    Chem- 

ische  Werke  vorm.   Dr.    Heinrich  Byk.,  Lehnltz-^o^dbahn,   Oer- 

many.     Manufacture  of  lactid. 
1,095,277— Otto    E.    Hermann    and    Elden    C.    De   Witt,    Chicago,    111. 

Tablet  packaging  machine.  ,,        r     .     • 

1,095.290— Daniel     Schmid,    assignor    to    Progressive    Manufacturing 

Co.,   Milwaukee,  Wis.     Bottle  washing  machine.  . 

1,095,313— Charles    H.    Davids,    Brooklyn,    I\.    Y.      Combination    of    a 

container  and  a  photographic  recording  label. 
1 095,318— Louis    F.    Eisele.    Philadelphia,    Pa.      Medicine    cabinet. 
1,095,406,    1,095,407— Clarence   J.    Lawson,    Plainfield,    N.   J.,    assignor, 

by   direct  mesne   assignments,   to   Columbia  Machine   &   btopper 

Corporation.     Machine   for  applying  bottle   closures. 
1,095,607-Joseph  Trimbach,    Rye,    N.  "i.     Non-refillable   bottle. 
1,095,618— Rudolph    Berendes,     assignor    to    Synthetic     Patents    Co., 

Inc.,   New   York.     Bismuth   salt   of  gallocarboxylic   acid. 
1  095  731— Filip   Kacer,  assignor  to   Badische  Anilin  &   hoda  l-abrilc, 
'     Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine,     Germany.       Producing     anthraqui- 

none-thiazoles.  .,.,,       ,,.,-.  ■         u  ..,„ 

109S  969— John    C.    Poore,    Chicago,    111.      Nipple    for    nursing   bottle. 
1 095,998_\Valter   A.   Meyer,    Brooklyn,   N.    Y.,    assignor  of   one-half 

to  Richard  Jaeger.     Powder  puff  and  pad. 

Granted   May    12.    1914. 

1,096,135— Virginia     W.     Smith,     Williamsport,     Pa. 

bottle.  ,,.    ,.       ,.    ,     »T    T- 

1.096,318— .Mfredo  Santarelh.  New  \ork,  N.  \. 
1,096.361— Paul  Flemming,  Hamburg,  Germany. 

duction  of  disinfectants. 


Non-refillable 


Non-refillable  bottle. 
Process  for  the  pro- 


352 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


1,096.364 — Charles    Hammer,    assignor   to   The   American    Metal    Cap 

Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.   Y.     Bottle  cap  or  closure. 
1,096,-46S — Arthur    L.     Stark,    assignor,    by    mesne    assignments,    to 

The    Enamel    Comp.iny    of   America,    Elyria,    Ohio.      Method    of 

manufacturing  antimony  oxide. 

1.096.  13 — Conrad  M.  Ernst  and  Frank  A.  Schramm,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.     Bottle  closure  and  opener. 

1,096.620 — Stephan  Geigcr.  assignor  to  Adam  Heilmann,  Nuremberg, 
Germany.     Apparatus  for  extracting  herbs  and  medicating  steam. 

l,096,6w — Raymond  B.  Gilchrist,  assignor  to  The  Gilchrist  Com- 
pany, Newark,  N.  J.     Bottle  holder. 

1.096.667 — Erich  Baum  and  Martin  Mugdan,  assignors  to  Consortium 
fur  Elektrochemische  Industrie  G.M.B.H.,  Nuremberg,  Ger- 
many.    Process  of  preparing  acetaldehydc. 

1.096,764— Lawrence  M.  Stevens.  St.  Louis,  Mo.    Non-refillable  bottle. 

Granted  May   19,   1914. 

1,096.909.    1.096.910— George   L.   Harvey,   Chicago,    111.     Cigarette   dis- 
pensing box. 
1,096.965— Frank    Thatcher,    El    Paso.    Tex.,    assignor   of   one-half   to 

Luther  M.  Stiles.  Hachita,  N.  Mex.    Process  of  making  alcohol. 
1.0%.969— Chas.   F.  Tukev,  So.  Foster,  R.  I.     Stopper. 
1,097.009— Homer    R.    Dill.    Iowa    City,    Iowa.      Device    for    holding 

labels,  drawings,  and  pictures. 
1,097.099— Friedrich    J.     Kalkow,     Offenbach-on-the-Main,     Germany. 

Manufacture  of  lead  salts  of  acetic  acid. 
1.097. IJJ— Carl    O.    Engsirom.    Sacramento,    Cal.     Toothbnish. 
1.097.1S"— .\lbcrt   Pccorella,    Buffalo,   N.    Y.     Bottle   stopper. 
l,097..^97 — Denis    Dennehy.    assignor   of   one-half   to   William   Downs, 

Chicaeo.    111.     Non-refillable   bottle. 
1.097.409— Byron   B.    Fees  and   Emanuel   W.   Schneider,  Pond  Creek, 

Okla.     Druggist's  label  case. 
1,097.456— Carlton    H.    Maryott,    Dallas,   Tex.     Process   for  reduction 

of  unsaturated   fatty   acids  and   their  esters. 
1,097.470 — Jean    F.     RoUand    and     Pierre    A.     P.    Mauclere,     Paris, 

France.      Apparatus    for    storing    and    distributing    inflammable 

liquids. 

Granted  May  26,    1914. 

1.097,  07 — Shirley    L.    .\mes.    Everett.    Mass.      Flavoring    emulsion. 
1,097,647 — Henry     P.     Kraft,     New     York.     N.     Y.,     and     Maximilian 

Schweinert,  West  Hoboken.  N.  J.     Water  bottle  stopper. 

l,097.74.v-Charles  H.  Beers,  Asbury  Park,  N.  J.  Non-refillable 
bottle. 

1.097.825 — ^John  A.    Steele.   Cedarville,   Ohio.     Bunsen  burner. 

1.097.939 — Alexander  S.  Ramage,  Detroit,  Mich.,  assignor  to  Eugene 
A.  Byrnes  and  Clinton  P.  Townsend,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Process  of  oxidizing  compounds  and  producing  terpene  peroxide. 

1,097.940 — Alexander  S.  Ramage,  Detroit,  Mich.,  assignor  to  Eugene 
A.  Byrnes  and  Clinton  P.  Townsend.  Washington,  D.  C.  Or- 
ganic peroxide  and  process  of  producing  same. 

1,098.009— Ernest  A.  Ash,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Tooth  paste  dispensing 
device. 

1,098,022- Alex  B.  Davis,  assignor  to  Eli  Lilly  &  Company, 
Indianapolis,  Ind.  Quinolin  compounds  and  process  of  produc- 
ing same. 

1,098,051— Thomas   P.    Pick.    Chicago,    111.     Bottle   stopper. 

1,098.087— Alexander  Bogdanffy,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  assignor  to  The 
International  Cork  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  Process  of  manufac- 
turing bottle  closures. 

1,098,139 — ^Julius  Weise  and  Friedrich  Rieche.  assignors  to  The  Firm 
of  Rudolph  Koepp  &  Co.,  Chemische  Fabrik.  Oestrich-on-the- 
Rhine,  Germany.  Production  of  mixtures  of  nitrogen  and 
hydrogen   suitable   for   the   manufacture   of   ammonia. 

1,098,166— Giuseppe   F.   Pinsuti,   New   York,   N.   Y.     Bottle  stopper. 

1,098.201 — Otto    Widemann,    Douglas,    Alaska.      Bottle    guard. 

1,098,248 — Robert  C.  Glassco.  Anderson,  Ind.,  assignor  of  one-third 
to  Archibald  C.  Rice.  Madison  County,  Ind.,  and  one-twelfth 
to  Austin  H.  Brumbaugh,  one-twelfth  to  James  W.  Harris,  one- 
twelfth  to  John  E.  Davis,  one-twelfth  to  Calvin  S.  Miller,  one- 
twelfth  to  Ward  B.  Willits,  and  one-twelfth  to  Michael  J. 
Fogarty.     Glass   bottle  mould. 

1,098.356 — Alexander     S.      Ramage,     Cleveland,     Ohio,     assignor     to 
Eugene    A.     Byrnes    and     Clinton     P.    Townsend,    Washington, 
D.    C.     Process   of  producing   terpene   pcroxid. 
Granted  June  2,   1914, 

1,098.543— Frank  J.  Wood,  New  York,  N.  Y..  assignor  to  Marx  & 
Rawolle,    New   York.    N.    Y.     Apparatus   for   distilling   glycerin. 

1.098.653— Marvin  B.  Whisenant,  Hollis,  Okla.     Bottle. 

1,093.740 — Otto  Liebknecht,  Frankfort-on-the-Main.  Germany,  as- 
signor to  Roessler  &  Hasslacher  Chemical  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Process  of  dehydrating  perborates. 

1.09.5.758 — .\ron   Ranch.   New   York,   N.   Y.     Bottle  closure   device. 

1,098.858— Franz  Webel.  assignor  to  Badische  Anilin  &  Soda  Fabrik, 
Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine.  Germany.  Producing  chlorine  de- 
rivatives of  the  amyl  series. 

1,098.900— Gustav  Hilgenstock,  Dahlhausen-on-the-Ruhr,  Germany, 
Process  of  obtaining  ammonia  from  gas. 

1,098.907— George    B.    Keplinger,    assignor    to    Kyle    Bottle    Washing 
.     Machine   Co..    Chicago,   111.     Bottle   washing  machine. 

1,098.988— William  W.  Smith,  assignor  of  one-half  to  Stanley  S. 
Spencer,    Darlington,    Md.     Non-refillable   bottle. 

1.099.059— Harry   A.    Kucera,   Philadelphia,    Pa.     Bottle   stopper. 

1,099.096— Aimer  M.  McAfee,  Bayonne,  N.  J.  Manufacture  of 
aluminum  chloride. 

Granted  June  9,    1914. 

1,099,177 — Henry  Howard,  Boston.  Mass.  Stable  crystalline  sodium 
bisulfite  and   process  of  producing  same. 

1,099.191 — Charles  Nelson,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  assignor  to  S.  Sternau 
&  Co..  New  York,  N.   Y.     Alcohol   lamp. 

1,099.368 — Willy  Hof,  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany.  Means  for 
distilling  acids. 

1,099.451— Theodor  Meyer.  Offenbach,  and  August  Klages,  Magde- 
burg, Germany.  Process  for  the  continuous  production  of  dry 
hydrochloric  acid  and  potassium  bisulfate  from  potassium  chlo- 
ride and  sulphuric  acid. 


1,099,452— .•Vug\ist  Klages,  Magdeburg.  Germany.  Process  for  the 
continuous  production  of  nitric  acid. 

1.099.474— Charles  A.  Tatum,  Middletown,  N.  J.,  assignor  to  Whitall, 
Tatum   Company,   New   York,   N.   Y.     Atomizer. 

1.099.502— Sidney  D.  Jacobson,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Non-refillable- 
bottle. 

1,099,706— Frank    Lindeen,   Clinton,   111.     Funnel. 

1,099,761— Leopold  Ostermann,  Hamburg,  Germany.  Process  for  the- 
formation  of  diaryl  ethers. 

1,099,866— Walter  A.    Stattmann,  Wilmette.  111.,  assignor  to  Univer- 
sal  Non-refillable   Bottle  Co.,   Chicago,   111.     Bottle. 
Granted   June    16,    1914. 

1.100,010 — Cora  N.  Cummings,  Bridgeport,  Conn.  Hypodermic  solu- 
tion holder. 

1. 100.176— Franz  Elger,  Basel,  Switzerland,  assignor  to  Hoffman- 
LaRoche  Chemical  Works,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Non-hygroscopic 
malt    extract    preparations   and   process   for   making   the    same. 

1.100,181— Frank    R.    Hart,    Santa   Cruz,    Cal.      Hypodermic    needle. 

1,100.200 — Willy  Ruprich,  Dortmund,  Germany.  Machine  for  clean- 
ing  bottles. 

1,100,432— Frank  S.  Hereth,  assignor  to  E.  R.  Squibb  &  Sons,  Nev? 
York.     Hermetic   seal    for  receptacles. 

1.100.433 — ^James  W.  Johnson,  assignor  to  Johnson  &  Johnson,  New- 
Brunswick.    N.   J.     Collapsible  tube. 

1.100.440 — Christian  W.  V.  Messerschmidt,  Copenhagen,  Denmark, 
Metal    capsule   for  bottles. 

1.100,448— Andrew  J.   Selz,   New   Rochelle,   N.   Y.     Paper  bottle. 

1.100.536— William    C.    Clarke.    Brookland    Park.    Va.      Bottle   closure. 

1.100,639— Frank  S.  Washburn,  Nashville,  Tenn.  Process  and  ap- 
paratus for  making  phosphoric  acid  and  compounds  of  the  same. 

1,100,685— Edwin  O.  Barstow,  assignor  to  Dow  Chemical  Co.,  Mid- 
land,  Mich.     Method  of  manufacturing  arsenate  of   lead. 


They  All  Sawed  Wood  with  Foerster. 

Julius  Foerster,  New  England  representative  of  Sharp  & 
Dohme,  of  Baltimore,  was 
the  guest  of  40  druggists  at 
dinner  at  Young's  Hotel, 
Boston,  recently.  Charles  H. 
Perry,  of  Medford,  of  the 
Eastern  Drug  Company,  was 
toastmaster,  and  he  made  a 
lively  evening  for  everybody. 
William  B,  Foster,  an  adver- 
tising expert,  Major  Hall  and 
Fred  S.  Lovis,  of  Fitchburg. 
were  called  upon  and  given  a 
chance  to  tell  what  they  knew 
of  the  guest  of  the  evening, 
and  he  heard  some  high  and 
sincere  compliments.  Mr. 
Foerster  was  about  to  leave 
Boston  for  a  Continental  trip, 
combining  business  and  pleas- 
ure. The  menu  card  bore  a 
photo  of  the  guest  of  the 
evening  in  the  picturesque 
attitude  of  .sawing  wood,  and 
beneatli  it  the  couplet : 
"Ever  watchful  doing  good; 
Ever  working,   sawing  -nood." 


EECENT  DEATHS. 


—  John  M.  Garrity,  40,  for  many  years  identified  with 
the  retail  drug  trade,  died  at  his  home  in  Indianapolis,  June  8, 
after  a  short   illness. 

—  Abraham  Brubaker,  86,  a  retired  druggist  and  schooJ 
teacher  of  Lancaster  county,  died  recently  in  his  home  at 
Center  Church,  Pa. 

—  John  Cline,  an  Illinois  druggist,  and  his  three-year-old 
son  were  killed  by  a  train  near  Marion,  III.,  recently  while 
automobiling. 

—  Bert  Overton,  32,  who  has  conducted  a  drug  store  at 
.\ntioch.    III.,   for  several  years,   died  recently  of  heart  disease. 

—  John  A.  Stanwood,  56,  formerly  a  druggist  in  East 
Boston,   Mass..   died  recently  at   Santa  Monica,   California. 

—  James  H.  Foster,  63,  for  many  years  a  traveling  sales- 
man for  a  Michigan  drug  firm,  is  dead  at  Saginaw. 

—  George  A.  Foster,  a  druggist  well-known  in  Dover, 
Hudson,  Portsmouth  and  Rochester,  N.  H.,  is  dead. 

—  Frank  W.  Green,  a  well-known  drug  clerk  of  Wheeling, 
Va.,  is  dead  as  the  res^ult  of  an  automobile  accident. 

—  Mrs.  Belle  S.  Perry,  widow  of  Frederick  Burr  Perry, 
wholesale  druggist,  of  Chicago,  is  dead. 

—  Clarence  P.  Parker,  of  1510  West  Garfield  boulevard, 
Chicago,  a  retired  druggist,  is  dead. 


Jl-ly,  1914] 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


353 


THE  PEUG  MARKET 


CAMPHOR    IN    DEMAND   AND    HIGHER. 


■Citric  Acid  in  Strong-  Position  and  Scarce — Uplift  in 

Prices  Characterizes  Botanical  Drugs. 

See  pages  27  to  41  for  Prices  Current. 

Changes  Since  Last  Report. 

D — .A.cid,   Chrysophanic,   true,   vials oz.  .25  —  .27 

A— Acid,  Citric,  Crystal   (Kegs) lb.  —  .61 

Less   lb.  .68  —  .70 

Granulated     lb.  .70  —  .75 

Powdered  lb.  .71  —  .75 

D—.\rnica  Flowers   lb.  .20  —  .25 

Powdered     lb.  .28  —  .33 

D — Benzoin,  Sumatra  lb.  .45  —  .55 

Powdered     lb.  .55  —  .60 

D— Buchu    Leaves,    Long lb.  1.50  —  1.60 

Powdered    lb.  1.60  —  1.70 

A— Buchu    Leaves,    Short lb.  1.75  —  1.80 

Powdered    lb.  1.85  —  1.90 

A— Camphor,  Refined  (bbl,  .46  lb.) lb.  .52  —  .55 

y^  lb.  squares  (case  lb.  .47).. lb.  .55  —  .57 

Japanese,    ozs lb.  .50  ■ —  .55 

A— Cantharides,   Russian,   Sifted lb.  2.30  —  2.35 

Powdered    lb.  2.45  —  2.50 

A — Chamomile  Flowers,  Hungarian lb.  .26  • —  .32 

A— Chloral  Hydrate,  Crystals lb.  .55  —  .70 

A — Cocaine,  Alkaloid,  Vs  oz.  vials oz.  4.85  —  5.0S 

Hydrochloride,  Crystals,  1  oz.  v.oz.  4.05  —  4.15 

Yioz.v.oz.  4.25  —  4.35 

D—Cocculus  Indicus   (Fish  Berries) lb.  .09  —  .12 

A— Colchicum  Seed  lb.  .30  —  .40 

Powdered    lb.  .38  —  .48 

A— Copper  Iodide  lb.  .45  —  .48 

A— Dragon's  Blood,  Reeds lb.  .65  —  .70 

D— Glycerin    lb.  .25  —  .28 

D— Guarana   (Paullinia)    lb.  2.50  —  2.75 

Powdered   lb.  2.75  —  3.00 

D — Henna  Leaves   lb.  .25  —  .35 

A — Iodoform,   Crystals  and  Powdered lb.  4.90  —  5.30 

D — Mercury,  Ammoniated   (White  Precip.).lb.  1.05  —  1.12 

D— Mercury   Chloride    (Mild,    Calomel) ...  .lb.  .92  —  1.00 

D— Mercury  Oxide  (Red  Precipitate) !b.  1.00  —  1.10 

A— Mullein  Flowers,  1  lb.  cans lb.  1.00  —  1.10 

D— Oil  Bergamot    lb.  5.70  —  5.80 

D— Oil  Lemon   lb.  2.25  —  2.35 

A— Oil  Orange,   Sweet lb.  2.55  —  2.65 

A— Opium,   Natural    lb.  6.85  —  7.30 

D— Quassia,    Rasped    lb.  .08  —  .11 

D — Saffron,   American    (Safflower) lb.  .75  — -  .85 

D— Saffron.   Spanish.   True   (Valencia) .lb.  12.75  —  13.00 

D— Sugar  of  Milk,  Powdered lb.  .22  —  .26 

NOTE — .-1,    advanced:    D,    declined;    C,    correction:  N,  new. 


NEW  YORK,  June  23.— The  last  few  days  have  been 
characterized  by  a  much  broader  demand  from  consumers 
for  drugs  and  chemicals  in  the  wholesale  market,  and 
some  increase  has  been  noted  in  the  number  of  mail  and 
telegraph  orders  from  various  sections.  By  far  the  most  im- 
portant advances  in  a  large  way  during  the  past  month  relate 
to  botanical  drugs,  one  of  these  being  the  uplift  in  the  price 
of  Hungarian  chamomile  flowers,  due  to  the  practical  ex- 
haustion of  old  crop  supplies  and  the  reported  shortage  of  new 
supplies,  .'\merican  refined  camphor  has  been  advanced,  and 
natural  opium  is  slightly  higher.  Quinine  is  firm  and  still 
obtainable  at  last  month's  quotations.  Citric  acid  still  retains 
a  strong  position,  owing  to  the  comparatively  high  cost  of 
lime  citrate  and  lemon  culls  from  which  it  is  manufactured. 
Guarana  is  lower,  following  a  falling  off  in  demand  and  an 
accumulation  of  stocks.  Glycerin  has  been  reduced.  Buchu 
leaves,  long,  are  easier,  while  the  short  variety  has  been  marked 
up  as  a  consequence  of  shortages  in  stocks  reported  from  the 
Cape  of  Good  Hope.  Chloral  hydrate  is  strongly  held  and 
prices  are   higher. 

Opium — The    demand    continues   routine,    the    situation   pre- 


senting no  new  features,  excepting  that  quotations  on  natural 
have  been  advanced  to  $6.S5@$7.30  per  pound.  Prices  for 
granulated  and  powdered  U.S. P.  remain  unchanged  at  last 
month's  quotations,  viz.,  $8.25(g$8.35  for  the  former,  and  $8.15 
@$8.3S  for  the  latter. 

Quinine — Is  meeting  with  a  somewhat  larger  inquiry,  and 
prices  continue  firm  at  26  cents  per  ounce  for  bulk  in  100- 
ounce  tins.  Government  statistics  for  April  show  the  importa- 
tion of  179,666  ounces  of  quinine,  valued  at  $45,819,  as  com- 
pared with  298,585  ounces,  valued  at  $57,218  for  the  cor- 
responding period  last  year. 

Cod  LnxR  On, — Norwegian  is  firm  and  unchanged  in  price. 
Cables  report  the  result  of  fishings  up  to  the  week  ended  June 
20  as  follows:  Total  catch,  80,800,000  fish,  wiUi  a  yield  of 
49,110  barrels  of  oil.  In  the  corresponding  period  a  year  ago 
the   catch   was    74,800,000    fish   yielding   40,830    barrels   of   oil. 

Glycerin — Quotations  are  lower,  jobbers  asking  25c.@28c. 
per  pound  as  to  quantity  and  brand.  Imports  of  crude  glycerin 
so  far  this  year  have  been  materially  larger  than  in  previous 
corresponding  periods. 

Cantharides — A  growing  scarcity  of  supplies  has  caused 
holders  to  mark  up  their  prices,  and  jobbers  now  quote  $2.30@ 
$2.35  for  Russian,  whole,  and  $2.45@$2.50  for  powdered.  New 
crop  flies  are  being  offered  for  September-October  shipment. 

Camphor — .American  refined  has  been  advanced  to  46  cents 
per  pound  by  the  barrel,  and  52c.@55c.  per  pound  for  less 
quantities.  One-quarter-pound  "squares"  are  quoted  at  47 
cents  per  pound  by  the  case,  and  55c.@57c.  for  less.  Japanese 
in  ounces  fetches  50c.@55c.  per  pound.  The  advance  is  due 
to  the  materially  higher  values  now  prevailing  for  both  crude 
and  refined  Japanese  camphor. 

Guarana — There  is  little  demand  and  stocks  have  accumu- 
lated to  such  an  extent  that  jobbers  have  reduced  quotations 
to  $2.50@$2.75  per  pound  for  whole,  and  $2.75@$3.00  for 
powdered. 

Acid,  Citric— This  article  still  holds  a  strong  position, 
owing  to  the  comparatively  high  cost  of  lime  citrate  and  lemon 
culls  from  which  the  acid  is  manufactured.  A  sharp  upward 
movement  is  also  reported  in  European  markets.  Jobbers  quote 
61  cents  per  pound  for  crystals  in  kegs,  and  68c. @ 70c.  for 
smaller  quantities.  For  granulated,  70c.@75c.,  and  powdered, 
71c.@75c.  per  pound  is  asked. 

Buchu  Leaves — The  short  variety  has  been  advanced  to 
$1.75@$1.80  per  pound  for  whole,  and  $1.85@$1.90  per  pound 
for  powdered.  Shortages  in  stocks  are  reported  from  the 
Cape  of  Good  Hope,  and  no  new  shipments  are  expected  to 
come  forward  for  some  time.  Revision  of  quotations  on  the 
long  variety  shows  slightly  lower  prices,  $1.50@$1.60  per  pound 
for  whole,   and  $1.60@$1.70  for  powdered  being  asked. 

Arnica  Flowers— There  is  a  fair  demand  for  jobbing  quan- 
tities and  the  market  is  steady  at  somewhat  advanced  prices, 
20c.@25c.  per  pound  for  whole,  and  28c.@33c.  per  pound  for 
powdered   being  asked. 

Saffron— Spanish  (true  "Valencia)  is  more  freely  offered  by 
importers  whose  stocks  have  been  recently  replenished,  and 
jobbers  are  quoting  $12.75@$13  per  pound.  American  (saf- 
flower)   is   also   easier   and   prices   have   declined   to   75c.@85c. 

On-  Bergamot — Keen  competition  among  local  importers 
and  other  handlers  of  this  oil  has  caused  a  downward  trend 
in   prices,   and   good  oil   is  quoted  at   $5.70@$5.80   per_  pound. 

Oil  Lemon— Primary  markets  are  reported  very  inactive, 
conditions  which  are  reflected  in  an  easier  feeling  here.  Jobbers 
quote  $2.25@$2.35   per  pound. 

On.  Or.'VNGE— S%veet  is  slightly  higher  and  quoted  at  $2.55@ 
S2.65  per  pound.  Cable  advices  reflect  a  firmer  undertone  in 
prmary  markets  for  this  oil. 

Mercumals— An  advance  in  price  has  been  the  feature  of 
some  of  these  salts,  due,  it  is  said,  to  reduced  competition  from 
the  foreign  producers.  The  changes  noted  in  quotations  are 
for  ammoniated  (white  precipitate),  $1.05@$1.12  per  pound; 
mild  chloride  (calomel),  92c.@$l ;  and  red  oxide  (red  pre- 
cipitate), $1@$1.10  being  asked. 

Chrysoph.'\nic  .Acid — \  revision  of  prices  shows  a  decline, 
25c.@27c.  per  ounce  being  asked.  Quotations  of  German 
makers  are  higher  than  those  made  by  English  manufacturers. 


354 


THE    PHARMxVCEUTICAL    ERA 


[July,  1914 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


you  are  through  with  it." — MORMS  Glassman,  East  Hartford, 
Conn. 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  is  a  systematic  home-study  course, 
designed  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  58  Lec- 
tures: it  can  be  completed  in  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  the 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete  Prospectus  can   be   had   by   addressing 

Director  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy, 

c/o  D.  O.  Haynes  &■  Co., 

No.   3   Park   Place,   New   York. 


FROM  clerk  in  a  retail  store  to  druggist  at  a  State  hospital, 
where  he  is  gaining  an  extended  experience  in  prescription 
work  that  will  make  him  a  most  valuable  man,  is  the 
climb  made  by  Harry  L.  Riddle,  druggist  of  the  State  Hospital, 
Morganton,  N.  C.  Mr.  Riddle  is  one  of  the  many  young  men 
who  have  found  the  Era  Course  an 
invaluable  aid  in  mastering  the  techni- 
cal side  of  their  pharmaceutical  work, 
and  he  is  frank  in  his  praise  of  it. 
Forced  to  stop  his  school  work  at  the 
age  of  17,  Mr.  Riddle  was  thrown  on 
his  own  resources,  and  found  a  college 
education  impossible  for  him.  After 
taking  a  position  in  a  drug  store,  he 
soon  realized  that  he  needed  an  authori- 
tative guide  in  his  work,  and  began  to 
look  around  for  it.  He  decided  on  the 
Era  Course  as  best  meeting  his  require- 
ments, and  enrolled  in  August,  1912. 
By  that  time  he  had  had  four  years 
of  practical  drug-store  work,  and  was 
able  to  push  his  studies  and  recitation 
work  forward  so  rapidly  that  he  com- 
a  little  less  than  a  year,  receiving  his 
During  the  past  two  years,   includ- 


H.  L.  Riddle 


pleted   the    Course 

diploma   in   .August,   1913. 

ing  the   time  he  was  an   Era   Course   student,   Mr.   Riddle   has 

been    druggist    at    the    Morganton    State    Hospital,    and    he    is 

of  the  opinion  that  the  training  of  the  Course  has  contributed 

largely   to  the   success  he  has  made   of   the   work. 


A  Friend  in  Mexico. 
The  war  in  Mexico  has  upset  many  arrangements,  but  it 
has  not  interfered  with  the  work  of  Mr.  L.  A.  Garcia,  of 
Torreon,  Province  of  Coahuila,  who  finds  time  to  pursue  his 
Era  Course  studies  despite  the  fact  that  the  most  important 
battle  ever  fought  on  Mexican  soil  took  place  within  earshot 
of  him,  and  the  city's  government 
changed  hands.  Mr.  Garcia  is  a  pho- 
tographer, but  he  evidently  does  not  be- 
lieve in  having  but  one  string  to  his 
bow,  for  he  has  branched  out  into  the 
pharmaceutical  line,  and  is  now  taking 
the  Era  Course  lectures,  and  studying 
the  U.S. P.  We  were  fortunate  enough 
to  get  Mr.  Garcia's  lectures  to  him  just 
two  days  before  communications  around 
Torreon  were  cut  off  by  the  Constitu- 
tionalist army  last  April.  Since  that 
time  mail  has  been  forwarded  through 
El  Paso,  Te.xas,  w^ithout  any  marked 
delays.  Mr.  Garcia  recently  sent  us  his 
photograph,  with  the  following  remark : 
"The  picture  I  take  the  liberty  of  de- 
dicating to  you,  and  you  can  keep  it  as 
token  of  appreciation  of  your  endeavors  to  help  others  attain 
their  goal." 


L.  A.  Garcia 


Era  Course  Student  Only  One  in  19  to  Pass. 
"Last  April  I  went  up  for  my  examination  and  was  the 
only  man  out  of  19  who  passed  the  examination.  Therefore 
I  must  thank  you,  and  say  that  your  Course  is  to  be  recom- 
mended to  any  drug  clerk,  or  to  any  beginner  who  wishes  to 
make  a  success  in  his  study.  It  is  the  only  course  that  exjjlains 
things  so  very  plainly  that  you  can  understand  a  subject  when 


Passed  Two  State  Examinations. 
"I  am  very  much  pleased  with  tlie  results  I  have  obtained 
through  the  Er,\  Course.  I  have  recently  passed  the  Iowa 
and  Nebraska  State  examinations,  and  I  believe  that  I  owe  a 
great  deal  to  the  instruction  which  I  received  through  the 
study  of  the  Course.  I  heartily  recommend  it  to  anyone  de- 
siring to  take  up  the  study  of  pharmacy  at  home,  or  wishing 
a  thorough  review." — Mrs.  Ednah  B.  Anderson,  Dow  City, 
Iowa. 


Ei-a  Course   Students  in  Many  States. 

The  following  students  or  graduates  of  the  Era  Course  were 
successful    in   passing   State   Board   examinations   recently: 

Delaware — W.  B.  Swain,  Trappe,  Md. ;  Morris  Citrenbaum, 
Baltimore,   Md. 

Mississippi — H.  H.  Norton,  Hattiesburg. 

Illinois — Harry   L.   Spongberg,    Rockford. 

Louisiana — Rene  Bienvenu,  St.  Martinville. 

Maine — Lester   B.   Tozier,   Waterville. 

California — John   A.   Sasso,   San   Francisco. 

Iowa — Plumer  Egcrt,  Des  Moines;  Ednah  B.  Anderson, 
Dow  City. 


Wins  Silver  Medal  in  St.  Louis. 
Mr.  Frank  T.  Helms,  of  .•\ddieville.  III.,  a  former  Era 
Course  student  who  is  now  pursuing  his  pharmaceutical  train- 
ing further  at  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy,  was  the 
recipient  of  the  silver  College  Medal  at  the  recent  commence- 
ment. Even  if  one  is  fortunate  enough  to  look  forward  to  a 
course  in  a  college  of  pharmacy,  the  solid  groundwork  .supplied 
by  the  Era  Course  lectures  will  never  be  regretted,  while  the 
broad  survey  of  the  whole  field  of  pharmacy  one  thus  obtains 
is  of  inestimable  value. 


Matriculation     Graduates  to  June   18,   1914.     Graduating 
Number.  Average. 

7573— Roscoe   O.   Brady,    Carlisle,    Pa 89 

7619 — Ambrose   G.    Sauej,    Baltimore,   Md 93 

7675— Donald   Fulton,   St.  Marvs,   Kan 92 

7831— Mrs.   Emma  M.  De  Wolfe,   Bennet,   Neb...   96 

7875— Clifford    Holler,    Jacksonville,    III 89 

7927— Donald   B.   Gill,    Chicago,   111 99 

Chicago   Drug  Club   Salesmen's   Nigbt. 

On  May  25  the  "Big  Doings"  were  turned  over  to  the 
salesmen  members  of  the  Chicago  Drug  Club,  and  the  boys 
did  themselves  proud.  It  was  very  gratifying  to  see  such  a 
large  attendance,  for  more  than  250  members  of  the  club  turned 
out. 

The  initiation  team,  under  the  direction  of  J.  M.  Schwalbe, 
worked  for  the  first  time  on  a  real  live  candidate.  Brother 
Hattersley,  who  bore  up  bravely  under  the  excruciating  tests 
and  obligation  all  new  candidates  for  membership  in  the  Drug 
Club  are  now  obliged  to  submit  to.  The  personnel  of  the 
initiation  team  is  as  follows:  Royal  Mortar,  .\d.  Umenhofer; 
Pounding  Pestle,  F.  Strodola;  Smooth  Spatula,  C.  A.  ,\bra- 
hamson ;  Pill  Roller,  Doc  Pritchard;  Deep  Graduate,  R.  D. 
Keim ;  Guide,  C.  A.  Redig;  Executioner,  P.  J.  Roth. 

"Billy  Baxter  the  Big  Smoke"  acted  as  toastmaster  and  kept 
things  moving.  The  most  interesting  feature  was  a  highly 
instructive  talk  on  the  science  of  salesmanship  given  by  A. 
Fogleman,  of  the  Sheldon  School  of  Salesmanship.  Mr.  Fogle- 
man's  talk  bristled  with  interesting  points  to  every  merchant 
whether  he  is  a  retailer  or  a  wholesaler  and  especially  to  every 
man  present  who  is  selling  goods.  Signor  George  Bromo  Mat- 
tesoni,  the  world-renowned  ventriloquist,  assisted  by  Signor 
Rogaschki  and  Signor  Weedenstein,  his  dummy  Tommy  and 
the  Star  I-ight  Quartette,  gave  several  very  enjoyable  numbers. 

.Signor  Mattesoni  is  a  member  of  the  organization;  it  is  a 
wonder  that  his  marvelous  gift  of  ventriloquism  has  remained 
hidden  for  so  many  years.  He  told  those  in  attendance  that 
he  only  discovered  the  day  before  his  appearance  that  he  could 
ventriloquize.  Messrs.  Rehfelt  and  Golden  rendered  tenor  solos 
in  their  usual  enjoyable  manner.  Among  the  other  speakers  of 
the  evening  were  Messrs.  Potts,  McCracken  and  Keim. 

The  New  Hampshire  Ph. A.  is  holding  its  annual  convention 
at  the  Hotel  Wentworth,  New  Castle,   June  30,   July  1-2. 


"""^glJlMiiiHiilHriuiiijitiaifeis  ESTABUSHED    1887  |jtJilUta;-tttMiiiliiayigiiii|j 

THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


AN   ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBLICATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XLVII 


New  York,  August,  1914 


No.  8 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era. 

rUBLISHED   ON  THE   FIRST  OF  EACH  MONTH. 

D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York 

Telephone,  7646  Barclay.  Cable  Address,  "Era,  New  York." 

SUBSCRIPTION    RATES: 
Single   Copies,   15  cents. 
Domestic    Rates    to    U.S.,    Cuba,    Hawaii,    Porto    Rico, 

the    Philippines    and    Mexico $1.00  a  year 

To    Canada,    postpaid 1.50  a  year 

To    Foreign    Countries   in    Postal   Union 2.00  a  year 

The  Era  Price  List  with  Subscription,  50c.  a  Copy. 
PRICES   INCLUDE    POSTAGE   AND   PAYABLE   IN   ADVANCE. 
REMIT  by  P.O.  or  Express  Order  or  New  York  Draft  payable 
to  order  of  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    Add  10  cents  for  collection  charges 
if  you  send   local   check. 

Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas- 
urer, D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N.  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  Officers  is  No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

Entered  at  the  New  York  Post-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1914,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    All  rights  reserved. 

Title  Registered  in  the  United  States  Patent  Office. 

Table  of  Contents. 


COMING    MEETINGS    OF    A.PH.A.    AND    N.A.R.D. 


READING  SECTION. 

Editorial  and  Pharmaceutical Pages  355-375 

Editorials   355-358 

Books  Reviewed  358 

Bichloride     of     Mercury    Tablets,     by     George     M. 

Beringer    359-361 

The  Timid  Druggist,  C.  J.  McCloskey 361-362 

Changes   Proposed   in   the   U.S.P 363-364 

Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacy,  VIII — Beginnings 

of  System   in  the  Terpenes 365-366 

Estimation  of  Glucose  in  Urine,  Jos.  L.  Mayer 366-367 

Intelligent  Publicity,  Horace  Taylor 367 

Selected  Formulas   368 

Foreign  Abstracts  369-370 

Question  Box    371-372 

Women   in   Pharmacy 373-374 

TSTews  Section Pages  375-392 

Mostly  Personal    375-377 

Obituaries    378 

.Associations   379-388 

Schools  and  Colleges 389-390 

Board  Examinations   391-392 

Trade    Section Pages  393-402 

Stick  to  Medicine,  Fred  W.  Connolly 393 

Keep  a  Quality  Drug  Department,  Eugene  Hodson.  393-394 
Market   Reports    401-402 

INDEX  TO  ADVERTISERS Page  55 

INDEX  TO  GOODS   ADVERTISED Pages  51-54 

INDEX  TO  READING  P.\GES Page  56 


The  greatest  inducement  that  can  be  offered  to 
the  average  dniggist  to  attend  the  annual  meetings 
of  the  A.Ph.A.  and  N.A.R.D.  is  the  promise  that 
his  presence  at  these  meetings  will  give  him  an 
opportunity  to  rub  elbows  with  the  big  men  of 
pharmacy — professional  and  commercial.  There  is 
needed  the  whole-hearted  co-operation  of  all  those 
engaged  in  the  business  to  provide  the  solution  of 
many  drug  trade  problems,  and  to  attain  the  high- 
est result  and  the  greatest  value  in  this  direction, 
the  application  of  intelligence  and  scientific  knowl- 
edge, as  well  as  co-operative  effort  is  urgently  de- 
manded. The  visiting  druggist  is  promised  much 
in  the  way  of  returns  and  an  unusual  opportunity 
for  an  outing  at  moderate  expense  in  attending  the 
coming  meetings  of  these  big  associations.  The 
programmes  have  been  arranged  with  particular 
reference  to  the  work  in  hand,  and  also  to  give  each 
visitor,  without  missing  any  of  the  meetings,  a 
chance  to  participate  in  all  the  entertainment 
features  that  have  been  provided  by  the  local  com- 
mittees. So  take  the  Era's  advice  and  attend  these 
great  gatherings  of  American  pharmacists.  You 
will  live  just  as  long  as  you  would  were  you  to 
remain  at  home,  while  your  range  of  vision  is  sure 
to  be  considerably  broadened  if  you  but  go.  Act 
on  this  advice  and  we  are  sure  that  you  will  return 
to  your  home  and  store  much  benefited  by  your 
conference  with  the  leaders  of  your  calling. 


WHAT   IS  SOLD  IN  DBUG  STORES? 


Judging  from  the  window  displays  of  some  of  the 
large  stores  in  New  York  City,  it  would  be  much 
easier  to  make  out  a  list  of  the  commodities  which 
are  not  sold  in  drug  stores.  Drugs,  of  course,  are 
a  comparatively  small  item  in  most  stores,  and  the 
rest  of  the  business  consists  of  a  variety  which,  at 
first  sight,  has  no  unity  at  all,  and  cannot  possibly 
be  grouped  under  a  general  head.  No  drug  store, 
or  pharmacy,  if  the  more  "professional"  term  is 
preferred,  yet  sells  automobiles  or  motor  boats,  and 
one  must  still  go  to  a  haberdasher  for  collars  and 
cravats.  Again,  the  comer  grocer  has  the  call  in 
selling  food;  the  comer  dmggist  confines  himself 
mostly  to  infant  and  invalid  foods.  On  the  other 
hand,  some  of  the  large  chain  stores  were  selling, 
on  the  third  of  July,  large  American  flags  with 


356 


THE    rHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


sockets  for  attiU'liiuent  to  motor  boats.  These  same 
stores  sell  eggs  by  the  dozeu  at  Ejister  time,  while 
nearly  all  pharmacists  offer  siieh  articles  of  clothing 
as  paper  or  felt  vests,  haudkerelnefs,  and  batliing 
caps.  How  can  all  these  various  articles  be 
classified? 

To  tell  the  tnith.  we  do  not  think  that  they  can 
be,  accurately.  The  modern  druggist  is  approaching 
the  status  of  the  "" apothecary"'  of  the  1-lth  ccntuiy. 
whose  title  meant  simply  "shopkeeper,  "as  evidenced 
today  by  the  derived  word  '"boutiquier"  of  the 
French.  But  for  an  approximation,  we  suggest  the 
following  deiinition,  or  delimitation :  Articles  sold 
in  drug  stores  are  such  as  come  in  actual  physical 
contact  with  some  part  of  the  body  when  in  use, 
excepting  food  and  clothing.  This  will  include 
drugs  and  medicines,  cigai-s.  soda  water,  toilet 
articles^,  stationery,  most  sundries,  pei'fumes,  candy, 
rubber  goods,  trusses,  crutches,  and  some  jewelry. 
It  will  not  include  paints,  cameras  and  supplies, 
phonographs,  window  glass,  or  American  flags. 
However,  after  much  hea%y  thinking,  in  the  hottest 
weather  the  Summer  has  yet  inflicted  on  lis,  we 
have  been  vmable  to  draw  up  a  more  accurate  state- 
ment of  what  a  customer  may  hope  to  find  when 
he  crosses  your  threshold.  Now  let  "Oldest  Sub- 
scriber" speak  up,  and  any  of  our  younger  sub- 
scribers, and  tell  us  of  a  definition  which  will  be 
both  finer-meshed  and  more  inclusive. 


ness  and  progress,  whether  it  be  a  medicine  or  a 
toothbrush.  "We  expect  to  see  all  schools  of  phar- 
macy embody  as  a  most  important  jiart  of  their 
coui-ses  a  study  iu  the  science  of  business.  And 
soon. 


BUSINESS  BECOMING  A  PROFESSION. 


There  is  only  a  certain  amount  of  drug  business 
in  the  country.  It  is  not  something  that  is  capable 
of  stimulation,  since  the  application  of  creative 
selling  principles  would  necessitate  the  creation  of 
sickness.  The  drug  problem,  is  therefore  a  problem 
of  attracting  to  the  individual  store  all  the  possible 
drug  business  violation  of  Nature's  laws  has  caused. 
And  it  is  a  significant  fact  that  those  stores  which 
feature  sundries,  confectionery,  soda,  etc.,  usually 
do  the  largest  prescription  business.  Instead  of 
the  profession  being  lowered,  business  has  been 
raised  to  the  standard  of  a  profession  equal  to  the 
profession  of  phannacy. 

The  druggist  is  coming  into  his  own.  He  is  cash- 
ing in  on  the  advantages  he  has  as  a  result  of  his 
training.  "Where  the  average  retail  merchant  has 
sneeringlj'  laughed  down  the  idea  of  business  being 
a  science,  the  druggist,  because  of  his  scientific 
training,  has  been  quicker  to  see  the  light  of  reason 
and  truth.  The  old  wail:  "The  profession  is  being 
commercialized,"  is  now  seldom  heard.  The  drug- 
gist is  coming  to  see  that  the  "commercial  instinct" 
is  a  term  sraonjaiious  with  "common  sense."  He 
is  beginning  to  recognize  the  fact  that  the  science 
of  business  presents  a  field  for  deeper  study  and 
thought  than  the  mere  compounding  of  drugs.  For 
business  is  based  largelj''  on  the  science  of  psy- 
eholog}'  and  involves  the  practical  use  of  that 
science. 

The  dniggist  is  learning  that  business  is  human 
seri'iee  and  that  there  can  be  no  more  noble  or 
dignified  calling  than  the  supplying  of  the  public 
with  those  things  which  it  needs  for  health,  happi- 


GUARANTEED  CHEMICALS. 


Under  this  caption,  a  letter  from  Prof.  Victor 
Lenher,  of  the  University  of  "Wisconsin,  to  the 
editor  of  the  Journal  of  Industrial  and  Engineering 
Cheinistry,  calls  attention  to  a  state  of  affairs  which 
l)oints  to  something  radically  wrong  in  the  methods 
of  certain  firms  who  are  trying,  or  who  should  be 
trying,  to  build  up  a  reputation  and  wide  nuirket 
for  chemicals  of  American  manufacture.  So-called 
"guaranteed,"  "analyzed"  and  "tested"  chemi- 
cals arc  nothing  new,  but  surely  those  who  at  first 
welcomed  their  advent  with  the  thought  that  at 
last  the  "blank  test"  could  be  done  away  with 
before  use,  never  thought  that  a  few^  years  would 
lead  to  the  suspicion  that  the  whole  scheme  was 
exploited  principally  for  its  advertising  and  com- 
mercial value,  and  only  secondarily-  in  the  iuterest 
of  pure  reagents.  Absolute  ether  containing  both 
water  and  alcohol;  sodium  bromate  stated  to  con- 
tain no  bromide,  but  actually  consisting  of  nearly 
50  per  cent,  of  bromide;  sodium  hydroxide  with 
more  than  10  per  cent,  of  carbon  dioxide,  when 
only  traces  were  present  according  to  the  label- 
such  are  the  contradictions  which  Professor  Lenher 
reports.  The  case  of  the  pure  sheet  copper,  which, 
according  to  the  label,  contaiaed  no  tia,  no  anti- 
mony and — mirabile  dictu — ^no  copper,  may  be  re- 
garded as  a  careless  piece  of  proof-reading,  rather 
amasing  than  misleading.  Another  case,  more  rep- 
rehensible, related  to  a  lot  of  bromine  of  which 
the  chlorine  content  was  given.  "W'hen  asked  to 
indicate  the  method  b\-  which  these  figures  were 
obtained,  the  distributor  stated  calmly  that  the 
analysis  was  given  by  the  manufacturers  "from  whom 
he  had  bought  the  bromine,  and  no  analysis  had 
been  made  by  his  house.  The  Bureau  of  Standards 
also  reports  that  it  never  takes  at  their  face  value 
the  statements  on  the  labels,  and  often  finds  them 
absolutely  false,  and  that  this  holds  for  reagents  of 
foreign  as  well  as  domestic  make. 

The  matter  of  purity  in  reagents  is  of  the  great- 
est importance  to  everj-  chemist  worthy  the  name. 
It  is  as  fundamental  as  accuracy  in  atomic  deter- 
minations. It  is  greatly  to  be  regretted  that  busi- 
ness men  who  are  backing  the  manufacture  of  re- 
agents are  not  sufficiently  far-sighted  to  realize  that 
a  policy  such  as  they  appear  to  have  adopted  can- 
not succeed — at  least  not  until  the  whole  body  of 
chemists  the  world  over  becomes  utterly  slovenly 
and  corrupt — an  unthinkable  condition.  So  long 
as  chemists  are  faithful  to  their  "jobs."  just  so 
long  w-ill  they  require  and  demand  pure  chemicals. 
A  wise  manufacturer  will  endeavor  to  supply  this 
demand,  and  in  a  legitimate  manner ;  certainly  not 
by  endeavoring  to  hoodwink  purchasers  by  labels 
which,  it  must  be  admitted,  make  a  strong  appeal 
to  the  busy  worker,  and  to  which  the  contents  of 
the  bottles  could  be  made  to  correspond.  There  is 
no  longer  any  justification  in   charging  advanced 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


357 


prices  for  goods  that  may,  at  any  time,  prove  no 
better  than  the  "C.P."  grade,  which,  bj^  the  way, 
nowadays  seems  to  mean  simply  "comparatively 
pure." 


or  regulation,  siiffieieut  latitude  should  be  permit- 
ted to  allow  any  reputable  dealer  to  supply  legiti- 
mate demands  for  mercuric  chloride. 


THE    USE    OF    SACCHARIN    IN   FOODS. 


OFFICIAL    BICHLORIDE    TABLETS. 


That  the  enormous  use  of  bicliloride  of  mercury 
tablets  constitutes  a  menace  to  the  future  growth 
and  prosperity  of  the  Nation  has  been  the  belief  of 
many  in  the  trade  for  years,  and  the  reports  of  the 
daily  press  of  numerous  cases  of  poisoning  and 
death  from  the  accidental  or  premeditated  use  of 
these  tablets  during  the  past  year  have  greatly  em- 
phasized this  conviction  until  now  there  is  scarcely 
anyone  who  does  not  favor  some  sort  of  regulation. 
The  latest  deliverance  on  this  subject  appears  in 
the  address  of  Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington,  chair- 
man of  the  Committee  of  Revision  of  the  U.S. P., 
before  the  recent  Atlantic  City  meeting  of  the 
American  Medical  Association,  a  report  of  which 
appears  elsewhere  in  this  issue  of  the  Era.  Accord- 
ing to  the  distinguished  speaker,  the  Pharmaco- 
poeia cannot  check  the  use  of  these  tablets,  but  it 
can  at  least  direct  the  form  for  their  use  which 
will  as  far  as  possible  prevent  accident  through 
swallowing  the  tablets  or  their  solution. 

This  conclusion  is  in  direct  line  with  that  which 
this  journal  has  advanced  on  numerous  occasions, 
and  if  such  a  requirement  were  included  in  the 
Pharmacopoeia,  it  would  tend  to  relegate  the  much- 
discussed  problem  of  how  to  control  the  sale  of 
these  tablets  to  the  background,  and  thereby  deprive 
newspapei-s  of  much  of  the  sensationalism  that  has 
heretofore  accompanied  the  "write-ups"  of  acci- 
dental use  and  misuse  of  this  substance.  That  the 
authorities  of  other  countries  have  studied  this 
problem  will  be  seen  in  the  contribution  bj'  George 
M.  Beringer.  president  of  the  A. Ph. A.,  which  also 
appears  in  this  issue. 

Prom  all  points  of  consideration,  it  is  desirable 
that  a  tablet  of  distinctive  shape  should  be  pre- 
scribed. A  number  of  State  Legislatures  in  session 
during  the  past  year  have  had  iinder  consideration 
measures  providing  for  the  handling  and  sale  of 
this  substance,  and  Congress  has  at  least  three  bills 
upon  the  same  subject.  The  drug  trade  should  take 
an  active  interest  in  helping  to  solve  this  question 
of  public  safety,  and  the  Committee  of  Revision 
of  the  Pharmacopoeia  will  no  doubt  provide  such 
requirements,  especially  since  the  Section  of  ^Materia 
Medica  and  Pharmacology  of  the  A.M. A.  has  gone 
on  record  asking  that  "corrosive  mercuric  chloride 
pastilles"  be  made  official  in  the  next  Pharmaco- 
poeia, and  that  the  form  adopted  be  that  described 
in  the  German  Pharmacopoeia,  namely,  "of  cylin- 
drical shape,  twice  as  long  as  thick,  wrapped  indi- 
vidually in  paper  bearing  the  name  of  the  medica- 
ment, 'corrosive  mercuric  chloride  pastilles,'  and 
the  word  'poison'  in  suitable  and  striking  letters." 

Every  reasonable  precaution  and  means  should 
be  taken  to  prevent  the  user  of  bichloride  tablets 
from  accidental  poisoning  and  death  by  impressing 
upon  him  the  fact  that  such  tablets  are  powerfully 
toxic ;  at  the  same  time,  in  any  proposed  legislation 


In  his  book  on  "Foods  and  their  Adulteration," 
Dr.  Wiley  wrote  that  he  believed  that  under  the 
scrutiny  of  mimicipal.  State  and  National  inspec- 
tion, the  use  of  saccharin  in  food  products  would 
disappear.  He  also  stated  that  in  its  use  to  sweeten 
foods,  the  consumer  is  deceived,  and  at  the  same 
time  he  is  consuming  a  drug  which  has  valuable 
uses  in  medicine  but  which  should  only  be  adminis- 
tered with  the  consent  and  by  the  advice  of  a  phy- 
sician. In  contrast  with  this  opinion  is  the  recent 
decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  Missouri,  which 
declares  that  the  enactment  prohibiting  the  use  of 
saccharin  in  soft  drinks  manufactured  and  sold  in 
that  State  is  unconstitutional. 

Of  course,  the  decision,  primarily,  is  of  interest 
to  the  druggist  as  a  dispenser  of  soda  water  and 
possibly  some  other  food  products,  but  the  point 
brought  out  in  the  light  of  the  evidence  submitted 
is  that  saccharin  is  not  so  malevolent  as  some  have 
tried  to  make  out.  An  abstract  of  this  decision 
appears  in  our  news  columns,  and  from  the  judicial 
viewpoint,  at  least,  the  arguments  for  the  use  of 
saccharin  are  convincing. 

In  other  countries  the  use  of  saccharin  has  been 
the  .subject  of  recent  investigation.  The  Nether- 
lands correspondent  of  the  London  Chemist  and 
Druggist,  in  a  recent  number  of  that  journal,  states 
that  the  delegate  of  the  Dutch  Government  to  the 
Saccharin  Convention,  which  met  in  Paris  in  1912, 
advises  his  country  to  participate  in  the  convention, 
otherwise  the  reputation  of  the  country  would 
suifer,  as  participating  States  would  make  reprisals 
against  the  export  trade  in  chocolate,  condensed 
milk  and  biscuits.  This  advice  is  interesting  from 
the  fact  that  the  Dutch  Government  is  contem- 
plating measures  dealing  with  the  manufacture 
and  use  of  saccharin.  The  Chemische  Fabriek,  in 
a  petition  to  the  Minister  of  Agriculture,  Trade 
and  Industry,  says  the  correspondent,  "combats 
the  view  that  saccharin  is  in  any  way  harmful  to 
public  health.  Sweetmeats,  fruit  syrups,  and  non- 
alcoholic wines  are  not  taken  on  accoimt  of  the 
nourishment  they  contain.  If  the  price  of  these 
preparations  were  raised,  many  people  would  be 
unable  to  purchase  these  luxuries."  These  argu- 
ments smack  strongly  of  commercialism  and  are 
"not  in  it"  with  the  decision  of  the  Missouri 
Supreme  Court,  which  looks  upon  the  prohibition 
of  saccharin  "as  an  arbitrary  discrimination  in 
favor  of  those  who  sweeten  soda  water  with  sugar." 


A  NEW  edition  of  the  British  Pharmacopoeia  is  expected  to 
make  its  appearance  shortly,  the  present  book  having  been  in 
use  since  1898.  .According  to  the  Era's  London  correspondent, 
the  present  edition  has  long  since  ceased  to  be  all-sufficient  to 
prescribers — if  it  ever  was — and  many  of  the  drugs  and  prepara- 
tions it  contains  have  been  discarded  and  their  places  taken  by 
products,  which,  although  they  are  prescribed  in  every-day  prac- 
tice are  not  recognized  in  the  official  book.  Such  rapid  progress 
is  being  made  in  pharmaceutical  science  and  so  quickly  is  one 
new    drug    after   another    being   discovered    that    the    need    for 


35S 


THE    PHxVKMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[August,  1914 


revision  of  the  Pharmacopoeia  at  more  frequent  intervals  has 
become  almost  imperative.  The  features  of  the  new  book  will 
be  the  inclusion  of  a  large  number  of  s>-ntlietic  drugs,  and 
extension  of  the  principles  of  standardization,  and  more  definite 
tests  for  lead  and  arsenic  impurities  in  cliemical  products, 
and  the  addition  of  some  of  the  rcconmiendations  of  tlie 
International   Consrcss  on   the  standardization   of  drugs. 


Books  Reviewed 


CHEMICAL  REAGENTS,  Their  I'uruy  and  Tests.  Authorized 
translation  of  "Prufung  der  Chemischen  Reagenzien  aut  Rein- 
heit"  (zweite  auBage),  von  E.  Merck.  By  Henry  Schenck, 
A.B.  (Harvard).  2nd  edition.  8vo.,  199  pages.  Cloth  $1.  New 
York.  D.  Van  Nostrand  Co. 
This  edition  of  Merck's  "Chemical  Reagents"  follows  closely 
the  method  of  treatment  employed  in  the  first  edition  of  lliis 
standard  work  with  which  many  of  our  readers  are  well 
acquainted.  But  in  comparing  this  book  with  tlie  preceding, 
one  notes  that  the  author  has  kept  step  with  chemical  progress 
in  the  attention  he  has  bestowed  upon  new  chemical  reagents 
and  upon  the  new  uses  that  have  been  made  for  chemicals  that 
have  long  formed  a  part  of  the  laboratory  equipment.  Besides 
the  large  number  of  subjects  introduced  into  the  work,  there 
appears  for  the  first  time  a  table  giving  approximate  strengths 
and  brief  directions  for  the  preparation  of  solutions  for  reagent 
purposes,  and  a  paratthetical  statement  appended  to  each  test, 
giving  in  terms  of  percentage  the  minimum  amount  of  the 
impurity  which  would  be  recognized  by  the  test.  These  are 
designed  "to  prove  of  use  to  the  analyst  when  he  selects  re- 
agents for  particular  purposes,  estimates  the  relative  values  of 
tests,  or  makes  allowances  and  corrections  in  his  own  findings 
or  the  findings  of  his  assistants  or  students."  This  addition  is 
particularly  designed  for  American  chemists  and  they  will  ap- 
preciate the  vast  amount  of  authoritative  information  ga^berca 
here  and  reproduced  in  such  a  practical  .manner. 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  SYLLABUS.  Second  Edition,  put- 
lining  a  minimum  course  of  instruction  of  1200  hours.  Revised 
and  published  by  the  National  Committee  representing  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  the  American  Conference 
of  Pharmaceutical  Faculties,  the  National  Association  of  Boards 
of  Pharmacv.  12mo.,  220  pages.  Cloth  $1.25;  postage  10  cents 
extra  H.  L.  Taylor,  treasurer  National  Syllabus  Committee, 
Albany,  N.  Y. 

We  have  examined  this  edition  of  the  Syllabus  with  con- 
siderable interest  and  are  convinced  that  it  marks  a  considerable 
advance  over  the  previous  edition.  That  it  meets  the  general 
requirements  for  which  it  is  designed  is  confirmed  by  the  fact 
that  it  has  been  approved  and  adopted  by  the  Indiana  State 
board  and  Indiana  schools,  by  the  New  York  State  Board  and 
Pharmaceutical  Council,  and  by  the  Missouri  board.  Among 
the  points  claimed  for  the  book  is  that  this  Is  the  first  "Sylla- 
bus" ever  published  of  a  National  character,  and  as  such,  it 
represents  the  co-operative  effort  of  S3  State  boards  and  more 
than  73  schools  of  pharmacy — a  noteworthy  achievement.  This 
fact  is  accentuated  by  the  difficulties  under  which  the  com- 
mittee has  labored,  the  work  being  undertaken  by  the  members 
for  the  betterment  of  pharmacy  without  hope  of  individual 
advancement  or  pecuniary  return. 

.^5  noted  in  the  above  abstract  of  the  title  page,  the  aim  of 
this  work  is  to  outline  a  minimum  course  of  study  broad  enough 
and  sufficiently  well  balanced  to  be  acceptable  to  pharmacy 
schools  as  a  basis  for  the  instruction  of  students.  The  ad- 
vantages of  a  book  of  this  character  are  that  it  gives  all  the 
boards  a  imiform  outline  of  the  ground  to  be  covered  by  their 
examinations;  it  gives  examinees  definite  knowledge  of  the 
preparation  expected  by  the  boards;  and  it  gives  the  colleges  a 
minimum  outline  of  the  ground  to  be  covered  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  students  for  board  examination.  Uniformity  of  board 
examinations  once  established  makes  possible  the  indorsement 
of  licenses  by  boards,  and  this  favors  the  observance  of  recipro- 
cal registration  throughout  the  entire  country.  Taken  as  a 
whole,  the  book  represents  nothing  but  what  the  most  liberal 
laws  should  demand  of  applicants  in  the  way  of  qualifications 
for  the  practice  of  pharmacy. 


last  year.  There  arc  now  3S  institutions  holding  membership 
in  the  Conference,  the  departments  of  pharmacy  of  Tulane 
University,  the  University  of  Mississippi  and  the  University  of 
Nebraska  having  Inen  elected  as  members  at  the  Nashville 
moetinE.     Tlie  next   meeting  will  be  held  in  Detroit. 


Wants  to  Greet  You  at  Detroit  This  Month. 

George   M.    Beringer,    president    of    the    A.Ph.A.,    sends    the 
Er.\  a  copy  of  the  following  letter  which  he  has  addressed  to 
every  member  of  that  organization  and  which  is  self-explana- 
tory: 
Dear  Fellow  Member: 

The  time  is  rapidly  approaching  for  the  62d  annual  meeting 
of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association.  Detroit  is  famous 
as  a  convention  city ;  renowned  alike  for  its  beauty  and  the 
hospitality  of  its  citizens.  The  advance  news  is  that  the  local 
committee  have  prepared  to  make  our  stay  full  of  enjoyment 
and  that  the  various  sections  have  arranged  programmes  replete 
with   matters  of  interest  and  profit. 

We  believe  that  this  meeting,  August  24  to  29,  will  be  a 
notable  event  in  our  history  and  will  be  the  largest  gathering 
of  representative  pharmacists  ever  held  in  this  country. 

The  officers  extend  an  invitation  to  you  to  come  and  enjoy 
to  the  fullest  extent  the  pleasures  in  store.  May  we  have  your 
presence  and  co-operation?  If  you  have  never  attended  a 
meeting  of  the  association,  attend  this  year  and  get  imbued 
with  the  prevailing  spirit  and  enthusiasm.  If  you  have  been 
attending,  you  will  understand  what  an  influence  and  benefit 
to  each  member  is  a  meeting  of  the  association  that  stands  for 
the  welfare  of  all  concerned  in  pharmacy.  Goethe  has  well 
said:  "There  is  no  teaching  to  compare  with  what  we  derive 
from  intercourse  with  others." 

To  the  former  presidents,  I  extend  a  special  invitation.  It 
is  the  hope  to  have  present  at  the  opening  session  all  of  the 
living  former  presidents. 

Come  and,  if  possible,  bring  along  a  new  member  to  help 
the  good  work  of  tlie  membership  committee.  There  is  going 
to  be  much  of  interest  and  ties  of  friendship  and  good  fellow- 
ship will  be  renewed  and  strengthened. 

This  invitation,  of  course,  includes  the  wives  and  daughters 
and  lady  members  of  the  association,  as  without  the  presence 
of  the  fair  sex  there  could  be  no  full  enjoyment  of  the  occasion. 

The  American  Pharmaceutical  .Association  is  the  exponent 
of  all  that  tends  to  the  welfare  of  pharmacy.  Its  aim  is  true, 
ethical  and  progressive  pharmacy.  Its  activities  are  extending 
along  ever-increasing  avenues  of  usefulness.  The  president  will 
welcome  suggestions  from  any  member  for  improvement  in 
methods  or  for  additional  lines  of  activity  beneficial  to  phar- 
macists. 

Looking  forward  to  the  pleasure  of  greeting  you  at  Detroit 
on   .\m%.  24,   I  am.  Yours  fraternally, 

George  M.  Beringer, 

Camden,  N.  J.,  July  10,   1914.  President. 


PROCEEDINGS  of  the  Fourteenth  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Ameri- 
can Conference  of  Pharmaceutical  Faculties. 
This  volume  of  76  octavo  pages  contains  the  proceedings  of 
the  Conference  of  Pharmaceutical  Faculties  held  in  Nashville 


South  American  Markets  for  Drug  Products. 
Dental  instruments  and  supplies  of  American  manufacture- 
are  one  line  of  goods  that  seem  to  be  able  to  hold  the  South 
American  markets  without  much  opposition  from  European 
manufacturers.  According  to  a  report  by  Commercial  Agent 
E.  A.  Thayer,  recently  published  by  the  Bureau  of  Foreign  and 
Domestic  Commerce,  the  United  States  supplies  about  70  per 
cent,  of  all  such  goods  imported  into  South  America.  In  sur- 
gical instruments,  however,  .American  goods  comprise  only  20 
per  cent,  of  the  total  imported,  in  drug  products  only  11  per 
cent,  and  in  patent  and  proprietary  medicines  only  35  per  cent. 
It  is  the  opinion  of  Commercial  .Agent  Thayer  that  American 
exporters  of  these  lines  can  obtain  a  much  larger  share  of  the 
South  .American  trade.  His  reasons,  with  many  practical  sug- 
gestions for  entering  the  Latin-American  markets,  are  contained 
in  a  report  entitled  "South  American  Markets  for  Drug  Prod- 
ucts, Patent  and  Proprietary  Medicines,  Surgical  Instruments, 
and  Dental  Supplies,"  Special  Agents  Series,  No.  85.  This  may- 
be obtained  from  Superintendent  of  Documents,  Government 
Printing  Office,  Washington,  at  five  cents  a  copy. 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


359 


Bichloride  of  Mercurv  Tablets.* 


By  GEORGE  M.  BEBINGER,  Camden,  N.  J. 

IN  presenting  a  paper  on  sudi  a  hackneyed  subject  as 
"Bichloride  of  Mercury  Tablets  and  Bichloride  Tablet 
Legislation,"  I  am  well  aware  that  I  may  be  trying  your 
patience  on  a  subject  that  you  may,  perhaps,  consider  as 
threadbare.  My  association  with  and  study  of  this  subject, 
however,  convinces  me  that  this  is  not  a  dead  subject,  but 
contains  several  problems  directly  associated  with  the  duties 
of  the  druggist  and  which  pharmacists  themselves  must,  to  a 
very  large  measure,   decide. 

The  extensive  use  of  corrosive  sublimate  in  this  form  has 
justified  the  decision  of  the  Committee  of  Revision  of  the 
U.S. P.  to  introduce  an  official  formula  and  by  this  means  to 
endeavor  to  formulate  additional  safeguards  to  life  in  its  use. 
The  articles  that  have  appeared  in  the  medical,  pharmaceutical 
and  lay  press  as  well  as  the  discussion  in  the  committee, 
demonstrate  that  this  is  a  live  subject  and  associated  with  it 
are  several  questions  still  to  be  settled. 

In  the  official  recognition  of  the  tablet  of  mercuric  chloride, 
the  U.S. P.  is  only  following  the  example  of  most  of  the 
pharmacopoeias  that  have  been  revised  in  recent  years.  A  study 
of  the  foreign  formulas  and  a  comparison  of  these  and  likewise 
of  the  commonly  used  American  formulas   is  interesting. 

In  American  practice,  either  the  Wilson  formula  containing 
a  mixture  of  mercuric  chloride  and  ammonium  chloride  or  the 
Bernay's  formula  containing  mercuric  chloride  and  citric  acid 
have  been  almost  exclusively  used.  In  Europe  the  formula 
proposed  by  Angerer  for  "pastilla  hydrargyri  bichlorati"  has 
been  the  type  followed.  His  formula : 
Mercury  bichloride, 

Sodium   chloride aa  O.S  kg. 

Eosin   1.0  gm. 

Mix  the  salts  and  color  the  mixture  with  the  eosin 
dissolved  in  water.    Allow  the  mixture  to  dry  in  the 
air  and  compress  into  portions  weighing  1  or  2  grams 
each. 
The  German  Pharmacopoeia  IV   (1900),   and  again  in  the 
fifth     edition     (1910),    adopts    the    title     "pastilli    hydrargyri 
bichlorati"   and  directs  that  from  a  mixture  of  equal  parts  of 
mercuric  chloride  and  sodium  chloride  colored  with  a  red  coal- 
tar   dye   are  to   be  made  cylinders  twice  as  long  as   thick  and 
weighing  1  or  2  grams  each.     Sublimate  pastilles  must  be  dis- 
pensed   in    sealed    bottles    labeled    "poison"    and    each    pastille 
must  be  wrapped  in  black  paper  on  which  is  printed  in  white 
the  word  "poison"  and  the  content  of  mercuric  chloride  stated 
in  grams. 

The  Swedish  Pharmacopoeia  (1901),  under  the  title  of 
"pastilli  chloreti  hydrargyrici,"  directed  that  "sublimate  pas- 
tilles" should  be  hard  cylinders  or  prisms  weighing  either  1 
or  2  gm.  each  and  composed  of  equal  parts  of  mercuric  chloride 
and  sodium  chloride  and  colored  red  by  an  aniline  dye.  It 
likewise  introduced  the  requirement  that  each  tablet  must  be 
wrapped  in  black  paper  on  which  was  printed  in  white  the 
word  "poison." 

The  Austrian  Pharmacopoeia  (1906),  under  the  title  "pas- 
tilli hydrargyri  bichlorati  corrosivi,"  directed  that  equal  parts 
of  mercuric  chloride  and  sodium  chloride  should  be  triturated 
to  a  thorough  mixture  and  colored  with  a  solution  of  eosin  and 
compressed  into  pastilles  weighing  2  gm.  or  1  gm.  The  pastilles 
are  directed  to  be  dispensed  in  glass  bottles  under  a  poison 
label  and  the  pastilles  are  to  be  singly  wrapped  in  black  paper 
with  the  word  "poison"  imprinted  in  white. 

The  Swiss  Pharmacopoeia  (1907)  adopts  as  a  title  "hydrar- 
gyrum bichloratum  compressum"  and  as  synonym,  "pastilli 
sublimati."  The  formula  is  mercuric  chloride  666  gm.,  sodium 
chloride  333  gm.,  eriocyanin  A  1  gm.,  mixed  and  compressed 
into  tablets  weighing  37.5  eg.,  75  eg.,  and  1.5  gm.  and  con- 
taining respectively  each  25  eg.,  50  eg.  and  1  gm.  of  corrosive 
sublimate.  It  directs  that  each  tablet  must  be  wrapped  in 
black  paper  on  which  is  printed  in  white  the  weight  of  the 
sublimate  contained,  the  word  "poison"  and  a  death-head 
design. 

The    British    Pharmaceutical    Codex    in    the    first    edition   of 


*Read    before   the    N.   J.   Pharmaceutical   Association,    Lake 
Hopatcong,   1914. 


1907,  and  likewise  in  the  1911  edition,  gave  formulas  for  a 
series  of  these  tablets.  Under  the  name  of  'solvellje  hydrargyri 
perchloridi" — "soluble  mercuric  chloride  tablets,"  and  as  a 
synonym  "antiseptic  perchloride  or  corrosive  sublimate  tablets," 
it  directed  a  mixture  of  equal  parts  of  mercuric  chloride  and 
sodium  chloride  colored  with  methyl  violet  to  be  compressed 
into  tablets  containing  8.75  grains  of  the  mercuric  chloride 
so  that  one  dissolved  in  the  Imperial  pint  (20  fl.  ounces)  of 
water  will  make  a  1/10  per  cent.  (1  in  1000)  solution  of 
mercuric  chloride.  Under  the  title  "solvella;  hydrargyri  per- 
chloridi fortes  or  strong  soluble  mercuric  chloride  tablet,"  a 
tablet  of  the  same  percentage  of  essential  ingredients  but  double 
the  weight  was  directed,  so  that  one  dissolved  in  20  fl.  ounces 
of  water  makes  a  solution  containing  1/5  per  cent.  (1  in  500) 
of  mercuric  chloride.  Other  formulas  are  given  for  a  "mild" 
and  for  a  "small"  soluble  mercuric  chloride  tablet  yielding 
when  dissolved  as  directed  solutions  1  in  4000  and  1  in  4500, 
the  latter  especially  recommended  as  suitable  for  ophthalmic 
purposes. 

The  French  Pharmacopoeia  (1908)  presents  a  new  style  of 
formula  for  use  of  mercuric  chloride  in  antiseptic  solution. 
Its  formula  for  "papier  au  chlorure  mercurique  or  charta  hydrar- 
gyri bichlorati"  directs  that  5  gm.  each  of  mercuric  chloride 
and  sodium  chloride  be  dissolved  in  a  sufficient  quantity  of  dis- 
tilled water  to  obtain  a  volume  of  20  cc.  Filter  paper  purified 
by  treating  with  water  containing  one  part  of  hydrochloric  acid 
to  the  thousand,  washing  with  pure  water  and  drying,  is  then 
saturated  with  the  mercuric  chloride  solution  so  that  each 
rectangular  surface  5  cm.  by  10  cm.  shall  imbibe  1  cc.  of  the 
solution  and  represent  25  eg.  of  mercuric  chloride.  The  super- 
scription "corrosive  sublimate"  25  centigrammes  is  duected  to 
be  printed  with  indigo  carmine,  thus  producing,  when  im- 
mersed in  the  proper  volume  of  water,  a  blue  solution.  The 
paper  is  to  be  protected  from  light  and  moisture  and  the  con- 
tainer to  be  labeled  in  indelible  red  letters  "poison." 

These  specifications  of  the  Pharmacopee  Francaise  official 
in  that  cotmtry  since  July  17,  1908,  will  yield  a  product  essen- 
tially the  same  as  the  corrosive  sublimate  leaflets  now  being 
made  by  an  American  manufacturer  who  claims  originality  and 
a  right  to  a  patent  thereon  as  a  new  and  novel  invention. 

The  Italian  Pharmacopoeia  (1909)  gives  the  title  "pastiglie 
di  cloruro  mercurico"  with  the  Latin  "pastilli  bichlorureti 
hydrargyri."  Its  formula  is  mercuric  chloride  and  sodium  chlo- 
ride, equal  parts,  colored  with  an  aqueous  solution  of  eosine 
and  compressed  into  circular  pastilles  of  1  or  2  gm.  in  weight. 

It  is  to  be  noted  that  most  of  the  foreign  pharmacopoeias 
have  simply  followed  in  their  titles  that  proposed  by  Angerer 
and  designate  these  tablets  as  "pastilles."  In  the  same  phar- 
macopoeias the  title  "pastilli"  is  frequently  applied  to  mild 
remedial  agents  dispensed  in  the  form  of  confections  or  lozenges. 
It  is  certainly  an  unfortunate  designation  and  a  dangerous 
classification  that  would  include  such  a  toxic  form  along  with 
worm  lozenges,  cough  troches,  peppermint  drops,  etc.  It  is 
still  more  to  be  regretted  that  it  has  been  proposed  to  adopt 
this  same  title  in  the  U.S. P.  IX.  The  use  of  the  word 
"pastille"  in  this  connection  is  not  in  accordance  with  the 
English  usage  of  this  word.  As  defined  in  the  dictionaries, 
the  word  "pastille"  refers  to  several  forms  of  substances  of  an 
entirely  different  character  and  dissimilar  use. 

The  Century  Dictionary  defines  pastille  or  pastil : 

1.  A  small  roll  of  aromatic  paste,  composed  of  gum 
benzoin,  sandalwood,  spices,  charcoal  powder,  etc., 
designed  to  be  burned  as  a  fumigator. 

2.  A  kind  of  sugared  confection,  usually  of  a  strong 
flavor,  of  a  round,  flat  shape,  like  peppermint  drops. 

3.  In  art:  (a)  a  thin,  round  cake  of  watercolor; 
(b)  the  method  of  painting  with  watercolors  prepared 
as  pastils  or  a  drawing  produced  by  them. 

4.  In  pyrotechny,  a  paper  case  filled  with  a  burning 
composition  intended  to  cause  rotation  of  a  wheel. 

Neither  of  these  definitions  would  cover  a  mercuric  chloride 
tablet  of  the  shape  described  and  the  intended  use.  In  medi- 
cine and  pharmacy,  this  title  had  already  been  preempted  and 
used  to  a  considerable  extent  for  medicated  confections,  and 
its  adoption  for  such  a  toxic  official  preparation  is  an  ex- 
ceedingly dangerous  experiment.  It  was  probably  for  this 
reason  that  the  Pharmacopoeia  Helvetica  adopted  as  its  title 
"hydrargyrum  bichloratum  compressum"  and  the  British  Phar- 
maceutical Codex  "solvellx."  The  "solvelte"  of  the  Codex  are 
compressed  tablets  or  discs  intended  to  be  dissolved  in  water 


360 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


for  extenial  or  local  use.     The  attempt  at   classiUcation  here      If  a 
made  is  a  step  in  the  right  direction.     The  title  coined,  how-      to 
ever    does  not   indicate  the  toxic  character  and,  moreovCT,   is 
subject    to    the    criticism    that    it    has   the    appearance   of    an 
attempt  to  imitate  the  trade  marked  name  of  a  certain  brand 
of  tablets  extensively  used  in  England.  .„     ,      ,      ,.„ 

The  necessity  is  for  a  distinct  title  that  will  clearly  differ- 
entiate between  the  medicinal  tablets  used  so  e.xtensively  for 
oral  adminUtration  and  such  poisonous  tablets  intended  for 
external  use.  The  safeguarding  of  life  U  tlie  first  and  prm- 
cipal  consideration  and  this  warrants  the  coinmg  of  a  new 
title  that  shall  distinguish  the  latter  as  a  separate  and  distinct 
class.  For  this  purpose  I  propose  "toxitabellae"  as  a  distinctive 
class  title  and  as  the  official  title  for  these  tablets,  "toxitabellae 
hvdrargyri  chloridi  corrosivi,"  and  as  the  English,  "poison  tab- 
lets of  corrosive  mercuric  chloride."  ,        ,     . 

The  foreign  formulas  follow  the  formula  of  Angerer  in 
directing  equal  parts  of  mercuric  chloride  and  sodium  chloride. 
The  \merican  manufacturers  generally  claim  on  their  labels  to 
adhere  to  the  Wilson  formula.  Tablets  contammg  the  pro- 
portion of  ammonium  chloride  directed  in  this  latter  formula 
are  prone  to  change  on  keeping.  They  deliquesce  m  humid 
atmosphere  and  the  solubility  also  diminishes  with  age.  tor 
these  reasons,  some  of  the  manufacturers  have  already  sub- 
stituted sodium  chloride  for  part  of  the  ammonium  chloride. 
One  manufacturer  advises  that  he  has  found  preferable  a  mix- 
ture of  corrosive  sublimate  7.3  parts,  ammonium  chloride  2.- 
parts.  sodium  chloride  5  parts.  The  entire  replacement  of  the 
ammonium  chloride  by  the  sodium  chloride  will  doubtless  yield 
a  more  stable  and  soluble  tablet  and  this  change  should  be 
adopted  in  the  pharmacopoeial  formula. 

The  coloring  of  bichloride  of  mercur>-  antiseptic  tablets  was 
originallv  proposed,  not  only  to  make  them  distinct  in  color 
from  other  tablets  of  the  same  shape  and  size,  but  the  primal 
idea  was  to  obtain  a  solution  that  would  have  a  distmct  color 
and  not  be  mistaken  and  administered  for  harmless  medications 
or  water  Such  accidenU  had  occurred,  and  to  prevent  recur- 
rence \ngerer  proposed  as  an  additional  safeguard  that  the 
solutions  should  be  colored.  It  has  been  difhcult  to  select 
a  red  dve  that  would  possess  sufficient  tinctorial  strength  so 
that  onlv  a  minute  quantity  would  be  required  and  at  the 
same  time  be  permanent  and  not  altered  by  the  action  of  the 
chemicals  nor  fade  on  keeping.  This  problem  has  confronted 
the  manufacturers  and  has  been  the  subject  of  considerable 
experimentation  on  the  part  of  the  writer. 

Eosin  in  the  quantitv  proposed,  yields  a  tablet  that  is  dis- 
tinctlv  pink,  but  when  in  solution  (1  Hg  CI,  in  lOOO)  does 
not  show  a  distinct  color.  This  practical  difficulty  with  the  red 
dves,  their  variable  shades,  and.  moreover,  the  fact  that  con- 
fections are  frequentlv  of  this  color  and  liquid  medicmes  are 
likewise  commonly  some  shade  of  red,  has  led  to  the  use  of 
other  colors  The  British  Pharmaceutical  Codex  du-ects  methyl 
violet,  which  in  this  combination  gives  a  blue-purple  solution. 
The  '^wiss  Pharmacopoeia  orders  eriocyanm  A,  the  sodium 
salt  of  sulphonated  dve  of  the  triphenyl-methane-carbmol  ty-pe 
that  colors  silk  and  wool  a  bright  blue  and  is  only  slightly 
affected  by  10  per  cent,  hydrochloric  acid.  The  French  Codes 
directs  indigo  carmine  for  this  purpose.  ,        .  .  c 

K  number  of  the  manufacturers  are  akeady  givmg  pref- 
erence to  the  blue  tablets.  One  of  these  writes:  "Green  and 
red  colored  tablets  are  not  at  all  satisfactory.  I  believe  that 
vou  will  agree  with  me  that  a  sombre  blue  would  prove  the 
most  desirable.  Confections  are  made  in  red,  green,  yellow, 
white  and  ever^-  conceivable  color,  but  the  blue  is  not  attracti\-e 
and  therefore  'would  in  all  probability  prove  the  ^fest.  On 
the  question  of  coloring  for  mercuric  chloride.  Dr  A.  O. 
Rosengarten.  whose  firm  prepares  large  quantities  of  mixed 
salts  already  colored  for  the  manufacturers,   writes  me : 

"The  only  satisfactory  color  that  we  have  found  is 
the  blue  dve.  called  indigo  carmine.  We  have  not  yet 
found  a  satisfactory  red  or  green  dye,  but  I  can  highly 
recommend  indigo  carmine  for  consistent  results,  and 
a  definite  weight  of  that  dye  added  to  a  definite  weight 
of  corrosive  sublimate  mixture,  will  produce  definite 
results  I  cannot  sav  the  same  about  the  other  dyes, 
and  I  think  it  will  be  most  desirable  to  confine  the 
dyes  for  corrosive  sublimate  mLxture  to  the  one  color, 
blue  and  the  one  dye,  indigo  carmine." 
My  o«-n  experiments  confirm  these  sUtemenU  as  to  the 
availability  of  indigo  carmine  for  this  purpose.     2.5  mg.  per 


more  inten->c  color  be  desired,  this  can  be  increased  up 
mg.   and   the  quantity  to  be  specified  in  the   formula  for 


tablet  is  'sufficient  to  color  500  cc.  of  water  a  distinct  blue. 


100  tablets  sliould  not  exceed  0.5  gm.  In  my  experiments 
with  red  dyes,  iod-eosin  and  alizarin  carmine  (sodium  alizarin 
sulphonate)  appear  to  have  given  the  best  results  with  the 
Wilson  type,  but  the  color  of  the  solutions  is  not  as  bright  a 
red  as  might  be  desired.  Willi  the  Bernay  formula  containing 
citric  acid,  methyl"  orange  has  shown  the  best  results. 

The  official  tablet  should  be  adjusted  to  the  basis  of  one 
tablet  to  500  cc.  of  water  yielding  a  1  in  1000  solution  instead 
of  one  tablet  to  the  pint,  as  has  been  tlie  custom.  This  will 
necessitate  only  a  slight  increase  in  the  weight. 

The  shape  to  lie  adopted  for  the  official  bichloride  tablets 
is  one  of  the  questions  that  is  being  considered.  When  these 
tablets  were  introduced,  the  manufacturers  quite  naturally  used 
the  moulds  that  tliey  had  for  their  compressing  machines  and 
so  the  unfortunate  mistake  was  made  of  manufacturing  these 
of  the  round  or  disc  shape:  the  same  shape  and  sizes  as  were 
used  for  innocuous  medicinal  tablets  and  confections.  Fatal 
accidents  have  demonstrated  that  it  is  imperative  that 
this  dangerous  practice  should  be  discontinued.  Toxic 
tablets  of  the  bichloride  of  mercury  antiseptic  type  should  be 
made  in  a  distinct  shape  that  has  not  been  used  for  any  other 
purpose  and  the  use  of  such  a  shape  or  form  should  be  re- 
stricted by  legal  enactments  to  such  toxic  tablets  intended  for 
external  use. 

In  recent  years  the  ingenuity  of  the  American  manufacturer 
has  been  exercised  to  obtain  a  distinctive  shape  that  should 
characterize  and  distinguish  his  brand  of  "antiseptic  tablets." 
.^s  a  result,  we  now  have  such  shapes  as  triangular,  diamond, 
square,  cube,  keystone,  clover  leaf,  exploited  as  proprietary 
forms  of  antiseptic  tablets.  Every  one  of  these  shapes  has 
been  commonly  used  in  confections  and  their  official  recognition 
and  continuance  for  bichloride  antiseptic  medication  would  be 
a  repetition  of  the  original  fatal  error  as  to  the  shape  of  such 
tablets.  The  manufacturers  of  these  shapes  are  each  clamoring 
for  the  recognition  of  his  particular  shape  of  tablet. 

The  influence  of  these  commercial  interests  has  been  exerted 
to  prevent  legislative  action  that  would  designate  an  appro- 
priate shape  or  judicial  consideration  that  would  permit 
judgment  to  crystallize  in  favor  of  an  official  shape  that  would 
insure  the  greatest  amoimt  of  protection  to  life,  .\fter  all, 
the  question  of  safety  first  is  the  paramount  question. 

Of  all  the  proposals  for  a  shape  for  bichloride  of  mercury 
tablets,  the  coffin-shape  suggested  by  F.  M.  .'^pple  in  his  paper 
before  the  Pennsylvania  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociation  seems  to 
be  best.  This  has  already  been  adopted  by  at  least  four 
manufacturers  and  its  general  adoption  has  only  been  prevented 
by  the  commercial  interests  back  of  other  designs.  Commercial 
instinct  and  financial  advantages  and  not  the  broad  humani- 
tarian principle  of  what  is  best  to  protect  life,  have  been  the 
causes  actuating  the  opposition  to  legislation  and  to  official 
recognition  of  the  best  suggestion  yet  offered. 

The  German  Pharmacopoeia  has  been  quoted  as  an  authority 
to  be  followed  in  fixing  the  U.S. P.  standard.     I  believe  that 
we    should    appropriate    from   the    foreign    pharmacopoeias    all 
that  our  experience  and  judgment  prove  to  be  correct  and   in 
accordance  with   .\merican   practice     In  this   instance   I   can- 
not approve  of  following  the  dictum  of  the  German  Pharma- 
copoeia.    I   have   here  a  sample   of  the  official   German   "cor- 
rosive sublimate  tablets"  that  have  been  in  my  possession  since 
last  March.     You  will  obsen-e  that  these  are  not  uniform   in 
color  and  that  fading  has  commenced  to  take  place.    Secondly, 
the  shape  in  conformity  with  that  of  the  Ph.Gr.   is  twice  as 
long  as  broad,  and  the  manufacturer  to  show  this  and  pos- 
sibly to  permit  of  economy  in  using  only  half  a  tablet  at  a  time 
has  made  the   tablets  with   a  ridge   across  the  center.     This 
resembles  forms  of  the  pink-linked  phenolphthalein  and  other 
proprietary  la.xative  wafers  that  are  so  extensively  used  in  this 
country.     It  would  be  difficult  to  conceive  of  a  more  dangerous 
experiment   than   to  officially   recognize   such   a   shape    for   bi- 
chloride tablets.     It  would  be  on  a  par  with  the  adoption   of 
the  Italian  pharmacopoeial  standard  of  the  round  tablet  which 
we  are  now  ready  to  condemn.     There  is  no  uniformity  in  the 
European  pharmacopoeias  on  this  formula  and  so  the  argument 
for  adopting  an  international  standard  falls  flat.     Thirdly,  the 
solution  when  made  of  a  strength  of  1   to  1000  as  commonly 
used  is  so  delicate  a  pink  as  to  be  barely  perceptible. 

So  far  as  I  know,  no  .\merican  manufacturer  has  yet  placed 
on  the  market  a  bichloride  of  mercury  tablet  copied  after  that 
of   the    German    Pharmacopoeia.     As   this   formula    has    been 


Al-gl-st,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


361 


published  for  more  than  14  years,  this  is  noteworthy  and  may 
be  construed  as  an  evidence  of  the  good  judgment  of  our 
manufacturers.  To  now  insist  that  the  U.S.  Pharmacopoeia 
must  adopt  and  make  legal  a  shape  that  has  not  met  favor  in 
.\nierican  practice,  is  a  unique  proposition  that  lacks  the 
popular  approval  that   is  essential  to  its  effectiveness. 

The  importance  of  throwing  every  safeguard  possible  around 
the  sale  and  handling  of  such  poisonous  substances  is  now 
thoroughly  recognized.  The  newspapers  have  given  wide  pub- 
licity to  the  deaths  either  suicidal  or  accidental  occurring  from 
bichloride  tablets.  The  evil  resulting  from  the  overzealous 
newspaper  which  gives  its  readers  all  the  details  of  the  method 
by  which  some  poor  unfortunate  has  gone  on  the  long  voyage, 
has  been  discussed  and  decried,  yet,  nevertheless,  it  continues 
its  course  with  little  or  no  abatement. 

A  number  of  State  legislatures  in  session  during  the  past 
year  have  had  under  consideration  acts  that  would  restrict  the 
handling  of  such  poison  tablets  and  define  their  shape,  color 
and  label,  and  further  prohibit  the  use  of  the  prescribed  shape 
for  any  other  purpose.  There  are  at  least  three  bills  on  the 
same  subject  now  pending  in  Congress.  It  is  certain  that  we 
may  expect  legislation  before  long  on  this  entire  matter  and  it 
is  eminently  proper  that  the  drug  trade  should  take  an  actiye 
interest  in  solving  a  question  of  public  safety  that  is  so  closely 
associated  with  our  business.  Unfortunately,  the  attitude 
assumed  by  some  of  the  druggists  is  that  of  thoughtless  in- 
difference. The  argument  ad\-anced  by  others  is  that  such 
legislation  is  only  a  passing  sentimental  fad  and  that  it  can 
have  UQ  influence  on  the  protection  of  life.  This  is  so 
fallacious  that   it   cannot   long   continue   to   prevent   legislation. 

It  was  never  expected  that  any  legislation  would  prevent  a 
person  of  morbid  mind  from  committing  suicide.  This  is  not 
the  purpose  of  the  proposed  legislative  enactments,  but  it  is 
contended  that  in  prescribing  a  distinctive  shape  for  these 
poison  tablets  they  could  under  no  circumstances  be  mistaken 
either  in  the  day  or  night  for  harmless  medications.  If  a 
distinctive  shape  had  been  supplied  to  the  Macon,  Ga.,  banker 
and  the  Brooklyn  business  man,  whose  deaths  beyond  question 
were  accidental  poisonings,  at  least  these  lives  could  have  been 
spared.  The  necessity  for  a  distinctive  shape  for  bichloride  of 
mercury  tablets  is  well  shown  by  the  compilation  appearing 
in  Public  Health  Report  No.  46  by  ilartin  I.  Wilbert,  of  the 
United  States  Public  Health  Service.  In  this  compilation 
Mr.  Wilbert  shows  that  in  the  cvu'rent  price-lists  of  five  leading 
pharmaceutical  manufacturers,  there  are  16  different  formulas 
and  \-arying  sizes  of  poison  bichloride  tablets,  five  different 
colors  and  only  three  out  of  the  16  were  then  made  of  any 
other  shape  than  the  ordinary'  roimd  tablet  used  for  medicine, 
such  as  headache  and  cold  tablets.  Could  any  stronger  evidence 
of  the  necessity  for  restrictive  legislation  and  a  distinctive 
shape  for  these  poison  tablets  be  presented  than  this  com- 
pilation in  a  Government  bulletin,  which  shows  the  present 
dangerous  and  unsatisfactory  method  of  marketing  tliese  tablets? 

The  influence  of  certain  manufacturers  on  proposed  legis- 
lation is  shown  in  the  act  passed  by  the  last  session  of  the 
Maryland  Legislature.  Instead  of  specifying  in  the  act  a  dis- 
tinctive shape  or  color,  the  value  of  the  legislation  is  largely 
nullified  by  the  amended  form  in  which  the  bill  was  passed. 
This  law  provides  that  "tablets  containing  more  than  1/10 
grain  of  mercury  bichloride  must  be  of  either  triangular, 
diamond,  square,  oblong  or  otlier  irregular  shape,  and  their 
color  must  be  either  blue,  purple,  or  green,  with  the  word 
'Poison'  imprinted  or  embossed  on  each  tablet.  Further,  these 
tablets  can  only  be  sold,  dispensed  or  given  away,  in  bottles, 
upon  one  side  of  which  the  word  'Poison'  has  been  blown, 
and  when  a  label  with  the  word  'Poison'  is  placed  on  the  face 
of  the  bottle." 

The  restrictions  regarding  the  package  and  labeling  are 
such  as  are  commonly  employed  by  all  of  the  mani^cturers, 
but  the  very  needed  protection  to  the  consumer  hasTpen  lost 
sight  of  by  the  overpowering  commercial  spirit  thai  prevented 
the  selection  of  a  distinctive  shape  for  the  tablets.  Any  one  of 
a  number  of  shapes  is  equivalent  to  no  shape  and  the  very 
indefiniteness  of  the  act  as  passed  through  the  influence  of  the 
manufacturers  destroys  its  value  as  a  measure  for  the  safety  of 
the  public. 


The  Timid  Druggist.'' 


Mercoid  is  a  sterile  suspension  of  calomel  and  sodium  mer- 
curisalicylsulphonate,  each  cc.  containing  0.08  g.  of  mercury. 
It  is  used  by  injection,  where  mercury  is  indicated,  and  is  said 
to  possess  decided  advantages  over  the  usual  forms  of  medication. 


By    C.    J.    McCLOSKEY. 

WEBSTER  defines  the  word  "timid"  as  meaning  faint- 
hearted, fearful,  want  of  courage.  If  he  had  given  as 
an  example,  the  average  retail  druggist,  no  further 
description  would  have  been  necessary.  All  kinds  of  business 
suffer  more  or  less  from  the  timidity  of  a  part  of  the  men 
associated  with  it,  but  the  retail  drug  business  seems  to  be 
particularly  over-burdened  with  that  kind  of  man.  Let  it  be 
understood  that  I  am  not  referring  to  the  merchants  of  great 
ideas,  who  conduct  our  large  and  successful  stores  in  the 
shopping  districts,  and  prominent  thoroughfares.  If  they  suf- 
fered from  timidity,  they  would  not  be  there. 

The  men  I  have  in  mind  particularly  are  the  ninety  and 
nine  who  conduct  small  stores  in  the  residential  and  tenement 
districts  of  our  cities  and  suburban  towns.  Conducting  several 
stores  in  such  localities  myself,  I  am  familiar  with  the  con- 
ditions. 

The  average  druggist  is  afraid  to  have  the  patient  pay  his 
own  telephone  toll  when  calling  his  physician.  There  is  no 
good  reason  why  the  druggist  should  be  put  to  this  expense- 
no  more  than  if  he  was  calling  the  plumber  or  the  butcher. 
If  the  patient  expects  someone  to  pay  for  his  call,  why  not 
have  him  give  the  doctor  95  cents  for  his  visit,  thus  with- 
holding the  price  of  the  'phone.  There  is  just  as  much  logic 
in  this  method  as  in  expecting  the  druggist  to  stand  the 
expense.  The  innovation  of  the  slot  telephone  has  given  every 
druggist  the  opportunity  to  get  rid  of  this  tax  if  he  only  has 
nerve  enough  to  seize  it.  When  the  patient  knows  that  it 
takes  a  real  five-cent  piece  to  call  his  doctor,  you  will  find 
he  is  willing  to  pay  it  himself.  He  probably  thinks  you  will 
add  it  to  the  price  of  his  prescription,  if  he  brings  it  to  you, 
and  that  he  might  as  well  pay  it  first  as  last.  Within  a  short 
time  you  will  find  that  everyone  will  expect  to  pay  for  his 
calls. 

■\^'hen  the  patient  brings  his  prescription,  the  timid  druggist, 
instead  of  asking  a  fair  price,  begins  to  wonder  how  much 
his  nearest  competitor  might  charge  for  it,  and  names  a  figure 
much  less  than  he  should,  then  stands  in  fear  and  trembling 
that  the  patient  might  go  on  a  shopping  expedition  with  the 
prescription.  I  would  say  to  these  men:  "Don't  be  afraid  to 
ask  a  just  compensation  for  your  drugs  and  labor.  Don't 
forget  that  in  the  eyes  of  the  great  majority  of  consumers 
price  makes  quality."  The  patient  is  proud  of  paying  $10 
or  more  for  the  services  of  a  "professor,"  and  is  not  looking 
for  the  cheapest  medicine,  but  the  best. 

Furnish  the  best  drugs  and  chemicals  that  your  money  can 
buy,  and  constantly  hold  before  the  public  the  fact  that  your 
prescriptions  are  worth  all  you  ask  for  them.  The  manu- 
facturer who  sells  his  candy  at  SI  per  poimd,  gets  it  because 
he  impresses  the  purchaser  with  the  fact  that  it  is  the  best 
and  none  so  good  could  be  sold  for  less  money.  The  price 
makes  the  quality  in  this  instance.  The  people  who  are  put- 
ting four  ounces  of  effervescing  salts  in  a  bottle  to  retail  at 
75  cents  are  banking  on  the  same  principle — price  makes 
quality.  An  otmce  of  so-called  wax  is  sold  at  75  cents;  an 
ounce  of  sulphur  ointment  at  the  same  price,  and  so  on. 

Drop  your  timidity,  and  while  I  am  not  advising  a  suit  of 
bullet-proof  nerve,  such  as  in  some  of  the  instances  I  have 
mentioned,  clothe  yourself  in  a  mantle  of  justice  and  fairness 
to  yourself,  to  the  consumer,  and  to  your  neighboring  com- 
petitor. Give  quality  and  get  the  price.  The  timid  druggist 
is  doubly  afraid  to  ask  a  living  profit  on  proprietary  articles, 
and  is  so  imbued  with  the  fear  of  making  too  much  money, 
that  he  is  afraid  to  ask  more  than  a  small  percentage  of  profit 
on  his  sundries.  \^'hen  he  has  an  opportunity  of  buving  a 
standard  article  at  a  discount,  he  immediately  gives  most  of 
that  discount  to  the  public,  for  fear  of  crowding  his  cash 
register. 

When  a  new  proprietary  is  put  on  the  market  he  sells  his 
first  one-twelfth  of  a  dozen  at  a  cut  price  in  fear  that  his 
neighbor  might  do  the  same  thing.  The  first  I  hear  of  price- 
cutting  on  a  new  proprietary  is  not  that  a  department  store 
or  corporation  is  selling  at  a  cut  price  but  that  some  timid 
owner  of  a  small  store  on  a  by-street  is  either  afraid  of  his 
neighbor   or   thinks   that   a    50   per   cent,   profit   on   a   patent 


*Read  at  N.  J.  PhA.,  Lake  Hopatcong,  June,  1914. 


362 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    KRA 


[August,  1914 


medicine  would  make  him  a  plutocrat,  and  he  would  not  know 
what  to  do  with  the  money.  I  say  to  these  timid  men:  Learn 
to  take  your  profit  on  new  articles.  You  are  entitled  to,  and 
can  get  full  price  on  all  new  proprietaries  for  a  long  time 
after  their  introduction.  Instead  of  being  the  first  to  cut  the 
price,  make  up  your  mind  to  be  the  last.  You  will  be  surprised 
at  the  length  of  time  you  can  hold  the  price,  and  at  the 
amount  of  goods  you  will  sell. 

If  a  proprietary  is  put  out  by  a  reliable  firm,  and  being 
heaWly  advertised,  and  you  believe  it  will  prove  a  success, 
buy  a  quantity,  fill  your  windows,  keep  it  in  view  in  the 
store,  meet  the  demand  while  it  is  fresh  in  the  mind  of  the 
public,  and  get  full  price  for  every  package  you  sell.  Then 
when  you  feel  that  to  meet  competition  you  must  cut  the 
price — relegate  the  article  to  the  back  roorn,  and  only  sell  it 
on  call.  On  the  other  hand,  the  article  of  rare  sale,  tlie 
favorite  of  a  time  gone  by,  that  still  lingers  in  the  minds  of  a 
few  people,  can  almost  invariably  be  sold  at  or  near  full  price. 

The  business  of  the  stores  such  as  I  am  addressing  is  mostly 
done  with  the  people  living  nearby.  Those  who  patronize  you 
by  reason  of  your  personality,  and  reputation  for  fair  and 
honest  dealing,  are  willing  and  expect  to  pay  you  a  living 
profit.  The  chronic  bargain-hunter  who  only  patronizes  you 
as  a  matter  of  convenience  in  an  emergency  should  be  made  to 
pay  for  that  convenience.  Hundreds  of  dollars  are  lost  every 
year  by  selling  proprietaries  at  cut  prices  to  customers  who 
expect  to  pay  the  dealer  a  legitimate  profit.  \ATio  of  us  hasn't 
had  the  e.xperience  of  a  person  laying  a  23-cent  piece  on  the 
cotmtcr  for  a  25-cent  article,  and  starting  to  leave  the  store, 
and  didn't  you  hate  to  call  him  back  ?  The  man  of  courage  is 
admired  and  looked  up  to,  as  tho  timid,  fearful  man  is  dis- 
credited and  imposed  upon. 

To  be  courageous  and  fearless  means  to  be  honest.  The 
honest  man  in  business  cannot  be  a  coward.  Cowardice  and 
dishonesty  go  hand  in  hand.  Let  us  be  honest  with  ourselves, 
with  the  public,  and  even  with  the  frequently  condemned  pro- 
prietor of  articles  which  are  generally  sold  at  cut  rates.  Then 
the  aggressive  cutter  who  bobs  up  now  and  then  will  not  make 
the  inroads  on  our  business  that  he  imagines  he  will.  The 
proprietor  who  advertises  his  article  and  sends  his  customer 
into  your  store  for  that  article,  is  entitled  to  that  sale,  and 
we,  as  his  agents,  are  entitled  to  a  profit  on  the  transaction. 
The  man  or  firm  who  advertises  a  proprietary  at  or  below 
cost  does  not  expect  to  sell  that  article  e.>;cept  under  com- 
pulsion. He  e.xpects  to  sell  a  profitable  substitute  in  its  stead, 
sometimes  going  so  far  as  to  say  he  has  sold  out  of  the  article 
so  advertised,  and  at  times  deliberately  wrapping  and  handing 
out  the  substitute,  without  explanation  or  apology,  trusting 
that  when  the  buyer  discovers  the  substitution  at  home,  he 
will  not  rettim  it. 

The  good  business  man  knows  that  in  the  end  this  will  not 
pay,  but  I  consider  the  aggressive  cutters  as  not  good  business 
men,  but  as  being  short-sighted,  and  as  resorting  to  price- 
cutting  as  the  only  method  which  they  know  to  get  business. 

Let  it  be  known  that  at  your  store  people  will  get  what 
they  ask  for,  willingly,  without  argument  or  discussion,  and 
they  will  prefer  coming  to  you  and  paying  you  a  reasonable 
profit,  instead  of  having  to  put  up  a  fight  to  get  what  they 
want,  in  the  store  that  is  selling  below  the  cost  of  doing 
business.  Make  it  a  point  to  inform  any  customer  who  might 
question  your  price  that  you  are  trying  to  act  honorably  both 
to  him  and  the  proprietor  of  the  article,  that  he  can  come  to 
you  and  get  what  he  wants  without  being  embarrassed  and 
bamboozled  into  taking  something  else.  That  to  do  this  is 
justice  to  all  concerned — you  must  have  a  living  profit  on 
the  goods  he  wants. 

Our  best  weapon  with  which  to  fight  the  demoralizer  of 
business  is  honesty  along  this  line.  The  cutter's  first  prin- 
ciple is  substitution  of  profitable  goods  for  the  ones  he  adver- 
tises below  cost,  and  we  have  greatly  aided  him  in  the  part, 
by  following  to  a  degree  his  method.  Let  us  get  away  from 
this  false  view  of  business-getting.  Let  us  build  our  repu- 
tation along  the  line  of  honesty  and  fair  dealing.  Let  us  give 
the  people  what  they  want  at  all  times,  and  ask  a  fair  profit 
on  the  transaction.  This  method  need  not  necessarily  in- 
terfere with  the  sale  of  our  own  preparations.  We  can  make  our 
own  market  in  a  legitimate  manner.  Advertising  by  circulars 
over  our  covmters,  by  inserts  in  all  packages  leaving  the  store, 
in  our  windows,  keeping  them  in  prominent  position  on  our 
shelves  and  show-cases,  and,  of  course,  recommending  them  to 


all  persons  asking  our  advice,  as  to  what  remedy  they  should 
use.  This  is  legitimate  advertising,  and  will  build  up  business 
on  our  own  preparations,  without  injustice  to  other  advertised 
articles. 

Another  error  of  the  timid  druggist  in  residential  districts 
is  in  the  selling  of  pills  and  tablets  in  bottles  of  100.  He 
reads  the  announcements  of  department  stores  or  drug  stores 
in  the  shopping  districts,  advertising  Blaud's  pills  in  lOO's, 
10  cents;  Lady  Webster  pills,  15  cents;  aspirin  tablets,  55 
cents,  etc.,  etc.  He  immediately  thinks  he  is  losing  business, 
and  buys  from  his  pharmaceutical  house  a  few  bottles  of  each, 
possibly  put  up  under  his  own  name.  Then  when  one  of  his 
customers  asks  for  10  cents'  worth  of  dinner  pills,  or  a  dozen 
aspirin  tablets,  he  calls  their  attention  to  the  100  package, 
suggesting  that  they  can  save  money  in  buying  the  larger 
quantity.  Of  course,  the  customer  will  save  money,  and  the 
druggist  will  lose  just  the  amount  the  customer  saves.  Is  it 
better  business  for  the  family  drug  store  to  sell  100  C.C.  pills 
at  25  cents  or  less,  or  to  sell  eight  dozen  at  10  cents  per 
dozen?— one  pound  of  Rochelle  salts  at  25  cents,  or  16  ounces 
at  5  cents  per  ounce?  Be  prepared  to  meet  the  occasional 
demand  of  the  quantity  buyer,  but  don't  fill  your  windows  with 
pills  and  tablets  in  lOO's,  or  with  1-pound  packages  of  drugs 
at  cut  prices. 

Frequent  small  sales,  at  a  good  profit,  appeal  more  to  me 
than  fewer  large  sales,  at  cut  rates.  The  customer  benefits  by 
fresh  drugs,  and  the  elimination  of  waste  and  loss  that  quantity 
buymg  always  entails.  These  ideas  may  not  be  considered 
up-to-date,  but  in  my  opinion  they  will  increase  vour  profit, 
and  the  primary  motive  for  being  in  business  is  to  make  money. 

The  exercise  of  force  of  character,  ner^e  and  grit,  together 
with  hard  work,  will  overcome  many  of  the  seeming  obstacles 
to  nnancial  success. 


Iodine  Number  of  Linseed  and  Petroleum  Oils 
The  determination  of  the  iodine  number  of  linseed  and 
petroleum  oils  according  to  the  Hanus  method  has  just  been 
completed  by  the  Bureau  of  Standards  of  the  Department  of 
Cominerce  and  the  results  published  in  Technologic  Paper 
Number  37.  Each  of  the  three  factors,  weight  of  sample,  ttoe 
of  absorption,  and  amount  of  Hanus  solution  was  studied  for 
a  series  of  burnt  linseed  oils  and  petroleum  oils.  The  results 
produced  by  variation  of  one  of  the  factors,  the  others  remaining 
constant,  are  reproduced  graphically.  Variations  of  weight  of 
the  raw  hnseed  oil  show  that  a  constant  volume  is  obtained  for 
weights  of  the  ml  up  to  0.25  gram.  Beyond  this  value  the 
lodme  number  decreases  with  increasing  weight.  For  burnt 
Imseed  oils,  the  range  of  weight  over  which  the  iodine  value 
IS  constant,  decreases  with  increased  burning  of  the  oil  Petro 
leum  oils,  on  the  contrary,  approach  a  constant  value  when  0  6 
gram  or  more  of  the  sample  is  taken.  A'arying  the  time  of 
absorption  from  five  to  sixty  minutes  shows  that  the  reaction 
approaches  a  maximum  in  about  10  minutes.  Thereafter  ab 
sorption  IS  slow,  and  a  few  minutes  one  way  or  another  has 
h.tle  effect  on  the  value  obtained.  When  the  Lount  of  Han^s 
solution  IS  varied  from  20  to  75  cc.  the  results  indicate  that  the 
oil  with  the  highest  lodme  number  does  not  require  the  great^t 
excess  of  iodine  to  reach  maximum  absorption  value  The 
effect  of  temperature  on  the  value  obtained  is  more  marked  for 
burnt  linseed  oils  than  for  boiled  or  raw  oils.  The  result^  as  a 
whole  indicate  that  concordance  is  obtained  onlv  when  a  ?re! 
scribed  procedure  is  followed  with  exactness.  To  obtain  com- 
wh?.h  tI,'T  ;  ^  "'^^'^  procedure  should  be  followed  fa 
otbtiUin'roiU^  ^*™"^  '^^^•^-     ^'^  ^  P-'-'"'^  -"«= 


^  Phosphorescent  Paint. 

^  ,  .•  .,  (1) 

Calcium  oxide,   20;   sulphur,   6;   starch,  2;    bismuth  nitrate 
t\     -T   i?=    P^^«"'-    i"    "idified    alcohol),    1;    potaS 

tZ"-  ^/t''  t'^'"'°  "^^r"^"^  °-'5-  The  matm-ak  are  m1^^ 
dried   and   heated    to   redness    (1300°).     To   make    the   n,;nt 

dt'^'"'"'  fir^'^"  -^f-^  ^I'-'d  b;  exposed  for  a  im'e  to 
direct  sunlight,  or  a  mercury  vapor  lamp  may  be  used  Power! 
ful  mcandescent  gaslight  also  does  well,  but  requires  more  tl^e. 

Another  formula,  giving  a  golden  yellow  light  is-  Stronf,-„m 
carbonate,  1000;  sulphur,  1000;  potassium  chlorid^' S     s^^ 

he:t"f'o?hiifTnTur  ^'°^'^^' '  '''^  -^  ^'-  '-J>^^ 


August,  1914]  THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA  363 

Changes  in  the  New  Pharmacopoeia  —  Fifth    Instalment  —  Standards   for   Drugs.* 


Condensed  abstract  of  Proposed  Definitions  and  Standards 
Relating  to  Drugs  of  Vegetable  and  Animal  Origin  submitted 
by  the  Committee  of  Revision  for  incorporation  into  the  next 
edition  of  the  Pharmacopoeia. 

(Concluded  from  page  314,  July  Era.) 
Sinapis  Nigra— The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  S  per 
cent,  of  other  harmless  seeds  and  other  foreign  matter.  Ellip- 
soidal or  irregularly  spheroidal,  from  1  to  1.6  mm.  in  diameter; 
testa  deep  reddish-brown,  sometimes  yeIlo\vi.sh-brown  and  with 
a  grayish  tinge,  minutely  pitted  or  reticulate;  embryo  greenish- 
yellow  or  dark  yellow,  oily,  with  2  large  cotyledons;  odor  when 
dry,  slight,  on  moistening  very  irritating;  taste  strongly  pun- 
gent, acrid.  Powder  microscopically  described.  The  powder 
should  contain  few  or  no  starch  grains.  Black  mustard  upon 
distillation  with  steam  yields  allyl  isothiocyanate  (distinction 
from  white  mustard).  Starch  not  more  than  2.5  per  cent. 
Starch  test  of  U.S. P.  VIII  omitted.  Asli  not  exceeding  9 
per  cent. 

Spigelia — The  rhizome  and  roots  may  include  not  more  than 
10  per  cent,  of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Rhizome 
horizontal  or  slightly  oblique,  more  or  less  fle.xuous,  somewhat 
branched,  from  1.5  to  5  cm.  in  length,  from  2  to  5  mm.  in 
diameter;  e-xternally  dark  brown,  slightly  annulate  with  scars 
of  bud  scales,  the  upper  surface  knotty  from  apprcximate 
stem-bases,  bearing  cup-shaped  scars;  from  the  lower  and 
lateral  portions  arise  numerous  long,  rather  coarse,  sparingly 
branched,  brittle  roots ;  fracture  short,  internally  differentiated 
into  three  nearly  equal  zones  of  pith,  wood  and  bark ;  odor 
slightly  aromatic;  taste  bitter,  pungent.  Few,  if  any,  of  the 
roots  should  exhibit  thin,  terminal  portions  with  the  bark 
stripped  from  the  slendfcr  strands  of  wood ;  stems  usually 
attached  to  the  upper  portions  of  the  rhizome  nearly  cylindrical, 
attaining  a  length  of  6  cm.  and  a  diameter  of  3  mm.,  light 
grayish-brown  to  purplish-brown,  nodes  annulate,  marked  by 
opposite   leaf-scars.    Ash  not  exceeding   10  per  cent. 

Staphisagria — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  2  per 
cent,  of  foreign  vegetable  matter.  Irregularly  triangular,  flat- 
tened, or  somewhat  tetrahedral,  one  side  being  convex,  from 
4  to  7  mm.  in  length,  from  3  to  6  mm.  in  breadth;  externally 
dark  brown,  becoming  lighter  with  age,  and  coarsely  reticulate; 
easily  cut,  showing  a  somewhat  light  brown  oily  endosperm, 
enclosing  a  small  embryo  at  the  pointed  end ;  odor  slight,  dis- 
agreeable; taste  intensely  bitter  and  acrid. 

Stillingia — When  entire,  terete,  unequally  tapering,  rarely 
branched,  attaining  a  length  of  40  cm.,  from  0.5  to  3  cm.  in 
diameter,  usually  in  pieces;  externally  reddish-brown,  longi- 
tudinally wrinkled ;  fracture  very  fibrous,  externally,  the  bark 
light  reddish-brown,  thick,  spongy,  finely  fibrous,  with  numer- 
ous resin  cells  and  easily  separable  from  the  porous,  radiate 
wood;  odor  distinct;  taste  bitter,  acrid  and  pungent.  Ash 
not  exceeding  5  per  cent. 

Stramonium — The  dried  leaves  of  Datura  Stramonium  Linne, 
or  of  Datura  Tatula  Linne,  (Fam.  Solanaceae),  with  not  more 
than  10  per  cent,  of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Usually 
much  wrinkled  and  either  loose  or  more  or  less  matted  to- 
gether; laminte  when  entire  from  2  to  30  cm  in  length,  having 
petioles  from  0.5  to  8  cm.  in  length;  inequilaterally  ovate,  sum- 
mits acute  or  acuminate,  bases  unequal,  one  side  extending 
from  3  to  12  mm.  below  the  other,  margins  sinuate,  toothed 
or  angled,  the  teeth  being  few,  acute  or  acuminate  and  with 
rounded  sinuses,  frequently  with  numerous  circular  perforations 
which  may  have  become  filled  with  cork ;  upper  surfaces  dark 
green,  sparsely  hairy,  especially  upon  the  veins,  lower  surfaces 
light  green ;  odor  distinct,  heavy  and  narcotic,  taste  unpleasant, 
nauseous;  stems  cylindrical,  usually  flattened,  attaining  a 
length  of  30  cm.  and  a  diameter  of  7  mm.;  longitudinally 
wrinkled,  occasionally  with  1  or  more  deep  furrows,  light 
greenish-brown  to  purplish-brown.  Ash  not  exceeding  20  per 
cent. 

Strophanthus — The  dried,  ripe  seeds  of  Strophanthus  Kombe 
Oliver,  or  of  Strophanthus  hispidus  De  Candolle  ( Fam. 
Apocynaceffi),  deprived  of  the  long  awn.  Lance-ovoid,  flattened 
and  obtusely  edged ;  from  7  to  20  mm.  in  length,  about  4  mm. 
in  breadth  and  about  2  mm.  in  thickness;  externally  of  a  light 


*Permission  to  use  granted  by  the  Chairman  of  the  Board  of 
Trustees,  United  States  Pharmacopoeial  Convention. 


fawn  color  with  a  distinct  greenish  tinge,  silky  lustrous  from  a 
dense  coating  of  closely  appressed  hairs,  (S.  Kombe),  or  light 
to  dark  brown,  nearly  smooth  and  sparingly  hairy  (S.  hispidus), 
bearing  on  one  side  a  ridge  running  from  about  the  center  to 
the  summit;  fracture  short  and  somewhat  soft,  the  fractured 
surface  whitish  and  oily;  odor  heavy  when  the  seeds  are 
crushed  and  moistened;  taste  very  bitter.  Microscopical  char- 
acteristics are  given.  The  tests  with  iodine  T.S.,  ferric  chloride 
T.S.  and  mercuric  potassium  iodide  T.S.,  omitted.  Ash  not 
exceeding  5  per  cent. 

Sumbul — The  roots  of  Ferula  Sumbul  (Kauffmann)  Hooker 
filius  (Fam.  Umbelliferas).  In  transverse  segments,  attaining 
a  length  of  10  cm.  and  a  diameter  of  7  cm.;  externally  light 
brown  to  dark  brown,  longitudinally  wrinkled  and  showing 
in  the  upper  portions  a  smooth,  grayish,  epidermal  layer,  occa- 
sionally with  the  short  stem-bases  attached;  fracture  short, 
fibrous,  spongy;  internally  light  yellow  or  brownish-yellow, 
arrangement  of  wood  irregular  and  with  yellowish-brown  or 
blackish  resinous  patches  frequently  extending  over  the  entire 
ends  of  the  segments;  odor  peculiar,  musk-like;  taste  bitter 
and  somewhat  aromatic. 

Taraxacum — The  dried  rhizome  and  roots  of  Taraxacum 
officinale  Weber  (Fam.  Composit;e).  Directions  for  collecting 
omitted.  Cylindrical  or  somewhat  flattened,  gradually  tapering, 
usually  broken  in  pieces,  from  6  to  15  cm.  in  length,  from  5 
to  15  mm.  in  thickness;  externally  brown  or  blackish-brown, 
longitudinally  wrinkled,  having  numerous  root  and  rootlet- 
scars;  crown  simple  or  branched  with  numerous  leaf-bases 
showing  annulate  markings;  odor  slight  or  inodorous;  taste 
bitter.     Ash  not   exceeding   10  per  cent. 

Tragacantha — The  spontaneously  dried  gummy  exudation 
from  the  stems  of  Astragalus  gummifer  Labillardiere,  or  from 
other  Asiatic  species  of  Astragalus  (Fam.  Leguminosse).  In 
flattened,  lamellated  fragments  varying  from  ribbon-shaped 
bands  to  long  and  linear  pieces,  which  may  be  either  straight 
or  spirally  twisted,  and  from  0.5  to  2.5  mm.  in  thickness; 
whitish  to  light  brown  in  color,  translucent  and  horny;  fracture 
short,  rendered  more  easily  pulverizable  by  heating  to  50  C. ; 
inodorous;  taste  insipid,  mucilaginous.  Add  1  gni.  of  traga- 
canth  to  SO  cc.  of  distilled  water;  it  should  swell  and  form 
a  smooth,  nearly  uniform,  stiff,  opalescent  mucilage  and  should 
be  free  from  cellular  fragments.  Indian  gum  upon  similar 
treatment  forms  an  uneven  mucilage  containing  a  few  reddish- 
brown  fragments  which  are  more  apparent  and  on  stirring 
separate  in  the  form  of  coarse,  uneven  strings.  Shake  2  gm. 
of  tragacanth  with  100  cc.  of  water  until  fully  swollen  and 
free  from  lumps,  then  add  2  gm.  of  powdered  sodium  borate, 
and  shake  the  mixture  thoroughly  until  the  salt  is  dissolved; 
the  mucilage  should  not  lose  its  transparency,  nor  exhibit  any 
change  in  consistence,  and  on  pouring  should  not  be  slimy  or 
stringy,  even  after  standing  24  hours  (absence  of  foreign 
gums).  Boil  1  gm.  of  tragacanth  with  20  cc.  of  water  until 
a  mucilage  is  formed,  then  add  5  cc.  of  hydrochloric  acid  and 
again  boil  the  mixture  for  five  minutes;  no  pink  nor  red  color 
should  develop  (absence  of  Indian  gum).  Ash  not  exceeding 
3.5  per  cent. 

Triticum — Usually  cut  in  pieces  from  4  to  12  mm.  in  length 
and  from  1  to  2.5  mm.  in  diameter;  externally  light  yellow 
or  yellowish-brown,  longitudinally  furrowed,  smooth,  shiny, 
nodes  with  circular  leaf-scars,  a  few  root-scars  and  occasional 
slender  roots;  fracture  tough,  fibrous;  internally  lemon-yellow 
and  with  a  large,  hollow  pith;  odor  slight,  aromatic;  taste 
sweetish.  Roots  filiform,  irregularly  branching,  attaining  a 
length  of  5  cm.  and  not  more  than  0.5  mm.  in  thickness,  light 
brown  or  yellowish  brown,  frequently  covered  with  long  root- 
hairs.  Microscopical  characteristics  are  given.  Ash  not  ex- 
ceeding 3  per  cent. 

Ulmus — Usually  in  bundles  consisting  of  flat,  oblong  pieces. 
30  cm.  in  length,  from  10  to  15  cm.  in  width;  outer  surface  of 
a  light  brown  or  buff  color  with  occasional  dark  brown  patches 
of  adhering  cork,  longitudinally  striate  and  with  detached  bun- 
dles of  bast-fibres,  and  colored  blackish  upon  the  addition  of 
a  very  diluted  iodine  T.S.;  inner  surface  light  yellowish- 
brown  nearly  smooth  and  finely  striate,  only  slightly  darkened 
upon  the  addition  of  a  very  diluted  iodine  T.S.;  fracture 
fibrous  with  projecting  bast-fibres,  the  broken  surface  porous, 
due  to  the  large  mucilage  cells;  odor  distinct;  taste  mucilagi- 


364 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


nous.  Macerate  1  part  of  powdered  VImus  with  40  cc,  of 
distilled  water  lor  an  hour  and  filter:  the  filtrate  should  be 
of  a  rather  thick,  mucilaginous  consistence. 

Vva  Vrsi — The  drug  may  include  not  more  than  5  per  cent, 
of  stems  and  other  foreign  matter.  Usually  more  or  less  en- 
tire, laminx  obo\-ate  or  oblong,  spatulate,  from  12  to  30  mm. 
in  length,  5  to  13  mm.  in  breadth;  summits  obtuse  or  rounded; 
margins  entire,  slightly  revolute;  bases  cuneate,  tapering  into 
short,  stout  petioles;  upper  surfaces  dark  green,  glabrous  and 
shiny,  finely  reticulate;  under  surfaces  yellowish-green  and 
slightly  pubescent,  especially  on  the  midribs;  coriaceous;  frac- 
ture short :  odor  aromatic,  tea-like ;  taste  astringent  and  some- 
what bitter.  Macerate  1  gm.  of  powdered  Ux-a  t'rsi  with  10 
cc.  of  boiling  water,  shake  the  niLvture  occasionally  until  cold 
and  then  filter  it;  the  filtrate  should  yield  a  grayish-purple 
precipitate  upon  the  addition  of  a  few  drops  of  ferrous  sul- 
phate T.S. 

Vaieriatia — Rhizome  upright,  from  2  to  4  cm.  in  length,  and 
from  1  to  2  cm.  in  diameter,  usually  cut  longitudinally  into 
2  to  4  pieces;  txtemally  yellowish-brown  or  dark  brown,  upper 
portion  with  stem-bases  and  frequently  with  a  short  horizontal 
branch  or  stolon,  and  from  the  outer  surface  arise  numerous, 
slender,  brittle  roots;  fracture  of  rhizome  short  and  homy,  in- 
ternally light  brown,  with  a  thick  bark  and  narrow  central 
cylinder:  odor  pronounced,  of  \'aleric  acid,  becoming  stronger 
upon  aging;  taste  sweetish,  camphoraceous  and  somewhat 
bitter.     .\sh  not  exceeding  20  per  cent. 

Vanilla — Yielding  not  less  than  —  per  cent,  of  vanillin. 
Pods  linear,  flattened,  from  15  to  35  cm.  in  length  and  from 
5  to  9  mm.  in  breadth;  summits  terminating  in  flat,  circular 
scars;  gradually  tapering,  more  or  less  bent  and  cur\ed  or 
hooked  at  the  bases,  or  in  the  Tahiti  variety,  broad  in  the 
middle  and  tapering  towards  either  end,  the  base  closely 
resembling  the  simirait;  externally  blackish-brown,  longitudi- 
nally wrinkled,  moist-glossy,  and  occasionally  with  an  efflo- 
rescence of  \-anillin  in  the  form  of  acicular  crystals  or  mono- 
clinic  prisms:  frequently  with  narrow,  elliptical  or  irregular, 
more  or  less  wrinkled,  dark-brown  patches  of  cork;  occasionally 
split  into  three  parts  near  the  tip;  fle-xib!e  and  tough,  1-locular, 
containing  a  blackish-brown  pulp  and  numerous  blackish- 
bromi  seeds:  the  latter  being  flattened,  irregularly  triangulate 
or  nearly  circular  in  outline,  recticulate  and  var>-ing  from 
0.250  to  0.300  mm.  in  diameter:  odor  and  taste  characteristic  ' 
and  very  agreeable.  Microscopical  characteristics  are  given. 
Place  a  few  of  the  crystals,  occurring  as  an  efflorescence  on  the 
fruit,  on  a  microscopic  slide  or  watch  crystal  and  add  a  drop 
of  phloroglucinol  T.S.  and  hydrochloric  acid;  the  solution 
should  immediately  acquire  a  carmine-red  olor  (distinction 
from  benzoic  acid).  Diluted  alcohol  e.'rtractive,  not  less  than 
12  per  cent.    .-Vsh  not  exceeding  6  per  cent. 

Veratrum  Viride — The  dried  rh;zome  and  roots  of  ^"e^at^ml 
riride  .\iton  (Fam.  Lilaceje).  known  in  commerce  as  Ameri- 
can hellebore,  with  not  more  than  5  per  cent,  of  stems  and 
other  foreign  matter.  Rhizome  upright,  obconical,  usually  cut 
longitudinally  into  2  to  4  pieces,  from  2  to  7  cm.  in  length, 
from  1.5  to  3  cm.  in  diameter,  externally  light  brown  to  dark 
brown  or  bro«-nish-bIack,  frequently  bearing  at  the  summit 
numerous,  closely  arranged,  thin  leaf-bases,  otherwise  rough 
and  wrinkled;  somewhat  annulate  from  scars  of  bud-scales  and 
bearing  in  the  outer  portion  numerous  roots,  the  lower  pan 
more  or  less  decayed:  fracture  hard  and  homy;  internally 
yellowish  or  grayish-white,  marked  with  numerous,  irregular 
fibro-vascular  bundles:  inodorous  but  sternutatory;  taste  bitter 
and  acrid.  Roots;  Nearly  cylindrical,  from  3  to  8  cm.  in 
length.  1  to  3  mm.  in  diameter,  externally  light  brown  to 
yellowish-bro«-n.  deeply  transversely  wrinkled;  fracture  short, 
bark   whitish,   very  thick,   enclosing  a   porous  central  cylinder. 

Viburnuw  Opulus — The  dried  bark  of  \'ibumum  Opulus 
Linne  (Fam.  Caprifoliaceae),  with  not  more  than  5  per  cent. 
of  wood  and  other  foreign  matter.  In  strips,  or  occasionally 
in  quills  or  chip-like  fragments,  the  bark  attaining  a  thickness 
of  3  mm. ;  outer  surface  of  the  thinner  pieces  of  a  light  gray 
color  with  crooked,  longitudinal,  purplish-brown  stripes  and 
very  small  brown  lentice!s,  the  thicker  pieces  purplish-red  or 
occasionally  blackish,  e.xcept  when  very  young,  and  more  or 
less  finely  fissured  or  thinly  scaly;  inner  surface  varying  in 
color  from  yellowish  to  rusty-brown,  with  very  short  oblique 
strisE.  e.xcept  where  the  outer  wood  layer  adheres:  fracture 
short  and  weak,  the  fractured  surface  mostly  whitish,  varying 
to   pale    brorni    in   the    inner   layer,   rusty-brown    in    the    outer 


layer  covering  green,  tangential,  phelloderm  plates;  odor  strong 
and  characteristic;  taste  mildly  astringent  and  decidedly  bitter. 

Viburnum  Prunifolium — The  bark  may  include  not  more  than 
5  per  cent,  of  wood  and  other  foreign  matter.  In  irregular, 
transversely  curved  or  quilled  pieces,  from  1.5  to  6  cm.  in 
length,  from  0.5  to  1.5  mm.  in  thickness;  outer  surface  grayish- 
brown,  or  where  the  outer  cork  has  scaled  off,  brownish-red, 
longitudinally  wrinkled;  inner  surface  reddish-brown,  longitu- 
dinally striated :  fracture  short  but  uneven,  showing  in  bark 
which  is  young  or  of  medium  thickness  a  dark  brown  cork, 
a  brownish-red  outer  cortex,  and  a  whitish  inner  cortex  in 
which  are  numerous  light  yellow  groups  of  sclerenchymatous 
tissues:  odor  slight;  taste  distinctly  bitter  and  somewhat 
astringent. 

Zanthoxylum — The  dried  bark  of  Zantho."cylum  americanum 
Miller,  known  in  commerce  as  Xorthem  Prickly  .-^sh  Bark,  of 
Zanthoxylum  Chva-Herculis  Linne,  knomi  in  commerce  as 
Southern  Prickly  .\sh  Bark  (Fam.  Rutaceae).  Northern  Prickly 
.\sh  Bark:  In  transversely  cur\ed  fragments  or  quills,  from 
2  to  15  cm.  in  length;  bark  from  0.5  to  2  mm.  in  thickness; 
outer  surface  li^ht  gray  to  brownish-gray  with  grayish  patches 
of  loliaceous  lichens  bearing  numerous  small  black  apothecia; 
longitudinally  wrinkled  and  with  numerous  whitish  lenticels, 
the  cork  occasionally  abraded  showing  the  yellowish  or  orange 
colored  inner  bark;  inner  surface  yellowish-white,  finely  lon- 
gitudinally striate  and  usually  with  numerous,  bright,  shining 
crystals ;  fracture  short,  uneven;  odor  slight,  taste  bitter,  acrid, 
becoming  pungent.  Prickly  .\sh  Bark;  In  transversely  curved 
or  irregular,  oblong  flattened  pieces,  or  in  quills,  from  2  to  40 
cm.  in  length,  bark  from  1  to  4  mm.  in  thickness;  outer  sur- 
face light  gray  to  brownish-gray  marked  by  numerous  large 
barnacle-shaped  projections  of  cork  from  0.5  to  3.5  cm.  in 
thickness,  otherwise  with  numerous  grayish  patches  of  foliaceous 
lichens,  bearing  numerous  blackish  apothecia,  and  numerous, 
elliptical  lenticels;  inner  surface  light  yellowish-bro^s-n  to  olive 
brown,  obscurely  longitudinally  striate  and  free  from  crystals, 
odor  and  taste  as  in  Xorthem  prickly  ash  bark. 

Zingiber — The  outer  cortical  layer  may  be  either  partially  or 
completely  removed.  Jamaica  Ginger:  Rhizomes  free  from  the 
outer  corky  layers,  in  horizontal,  laterally  compressed,  irregu- 
larly branched  pieces,  4  to  16  cm.  in  length,  and  from  4  to  20 
mm.  in  thickness;  externally  light  brown,  longitudinally  striate, 
ends  of  the  branches  with  depressed  stem  scars;  fracture  short-  ' 
fibrous,  mealy  and  resinous;  internally  yellowish  to  light  brown, 
corte.x  thin,  endodermis,  a  thin,  yellow  layer  enclosing  a  large 
central  cylinder  with  numerous  groups  of  fibro-vascular  bun- 
dles and  yellowish  oil  cells ;  •  odor '  agreeably  aromatic ;  taste 
aromatic  and  pungent.  African  Ginger;  Rhizomes  with  cork 
partly  removed  on  the  flattened  sides,  the  patches  without  cork 
smooth  and  of  a  light  brown  color,  the  portions  with  cork  longi- 
tudinally or  reticulately  wrinkled  and  grayish-brown ;  fracture 
short  or  short-fibrous;  internally  lemon-yellow  or  dark  bluish 
with  yellowish  oil  secretion  cells  and  light  yellow  to  reddish- 
brown  resin  cells:  odor  strong'y  aromatic,  taste  intensely  pun- 
gent. Calcutta  Ginger:  Rhizomes  resembling  the  African 
ginger,  the  branches  or  "fingers"  being  somewhat  larger,  and 
with  a  considerable  proportion  of  shriveled  pieces;  externally 
grayish-brown  or  grayish-blue;  fracture  short  and  mealy,  or 
homy;  internally  light  yellow  or  light  brownish-yellow  with 
numerous  yellowish  oil  cells  and  yellowish-brown  resin  cells; 
odor  aromatic;  taste  starchy  and  strongly  pungent.  Calicut 
Ginger;  Rhizomes  resembling  .\frican  Ginger,  more  of  the 
periderm  being  usually  removed;  externally  more  or  less 
uniformly  light  brown ;  fracture  short  or  short-fibrous  and 
mealy:  internally  light  or  brownish-yellow  with  numerous  yel- 
lowish oil  and  resin  cells:  odor  aromatic;  taste  very  pimgent. 
Cochin  Ginger;  Rhizomes  with  most  of  the  corky  layer  re- 
moved on  the  flattened  sides;  e.xtemally  light  brown  to  grayish- 
yellow;  fracture  short  and  mealy;  internally  yellowish-white 
with  numerous  yellowish  oil  cells  and  brownish-red  or  blackish 
resin  cells;  odor  aromatic;  taste  pungent  but  not  so  persbtent 
as  in  the  .African  variety.  Japanese  Ginger:  Rhizome  some- 
what resembling  Cochin  ginger  but  usually  with  a  thin  coating 
of  lime;  externally  nearly  smooth  or  slightly  wrinkled  and  of 
a  whitish  color;  fracttrre  short  and  very  mealy;  internally 
varying  from  a  yellowish-white  to  light  bro«-n  and  with  numer- 
ous brownish-red  resin  cells;  odor  aromatic;  taste  pvmgent. 
Xon-volatile  ether  extract  not  less  than  2  per  cent,  .\lcoholic 
extract  not  less  than  4  per  cent,    .-^sh  not  exceeding  8  per  cent. 

(The  Exd) 


August,  19U] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


365 


VIII.  Classical  Discoveries  in  Pharmacy  — Beginnings  of  System  in  the  Terpenes. 


WALLACH'S  work  on  the  terpenes  is,  perhaps,  more 
directly  connected  with  pure  chemistry — if  there  is 
such  a  thing — than  w^ith  pharmacy,  but  the  growing 
importance  of  the  perfume  industry  and  its  relations  to  phar- 
macy warrant  the  inclusion  of  the  present  memoir  in  this 
series,  for  the  reason  that  it  is  taken  from  the  first  two  of  a 
notable  succession  of  papers  which  have  contributed,  more  than 
any  others,  to  the  development  of  our  knowledge  of  terpene 
chemistry,  and  not  a  little  to  the  industrial  utilization  of  such 
knowledge.  The  simple  reactions  described  below  enabled  their 
discoverer  to  bring  order  out  of  chaos  through  a  large  part  of 
the  field  of  his  work.  Previous  investigators  had  been  content 
to  isolate  a  chemical  compound  from  an  essential  oil,  and  to 
give  it  a  name  indicative  of  its  source,  without  making  any 
great  effort  to  ascertain  its  relationships  with  the  substances 
already  known.  The  result  was  inevitably  a  reduplication  of 
names  for  the  same  chemical  individual,  until  Wallach  saw  the 
.  improbability  of  the  assumption  that  all  these  bodies  were 
different,  and  proceeded  to  weed  out  the  useless  data  from  the 
literature. 

Although  Wallach  is  still  living,  and  active  in  the  same  field, 
his  work  is  already  a  classic,  w^orthy  to  rank  with  the  re- 
searches of  Richards  on  atomic  w-eights,  of  Fischer  on  the 
sugars,  and  Abderhalden  on  the  proteins  and  amino-acids. 
In  recognition  of  his  achievements,  he  was  awarded  the  Nobel 
Prize  in  Chemistry  for  lyiO.  His  communications  on  the 
terpenes  and  their  derivatives,  nearly  all  of  which  have  appeared 
in  Liebig's  Ammlen,  now  number  115. 

The  first  paper  is  found  in  the  Annalen.  \o\.  225,  p.  314 
(1884),  and  the  second  appears  in  \'o\.  227,  p.  277  (1885). 
The  account  is  as  follows,  under  the  title : 

"On    the    Constituents    of    Some    Ethereal    Oils." 

"The  numerous  so-called  'ethereal  oils'  are  known  to  be 
characterized  by  their  containing,  for  the  most  part,  a  mixture 
of  hydrocarbons  of  the  terpene  group,  w-ith  oxygenated  com- 
pounds, w'hich  in  many  cases  are  related  to  camphor,  in  some 
instances  the  o.xygen-free,  in  others  the  oxygenated  constituents 
prevailing.  If  one  passes  in  review  these  constituents  isolated 
from  the  ethereal  oils,  often  forming  their  principal  content, 
one  must  be  struck  by  the  fact  that,  in  the  course  of  time, 
a  long  series  of  similarly  constituted  compounds  has  been 
described,  w-ithout  any  experiments  having  been  made  as  to 
wliether  these  bodies  are  really  different  from  one  another. 
Thus,  one  finds  especially  hydrocarbons  of  the  formula  C,oH,6, 
as  'terpene,'  'camphene,'  'citrene,'  'carvene,'  "cynene,'  'cajeput- 
ene,'  'eucalyptene,'  'hesperidene,'  etc.,  etc.,  cited  in  such  great 
numbers  that  it  must  be  considered  a  priori  very  improbable 
that  all  these  compounds  are  different  from  one  another.  The 
case  is  similar  with  the  corresponding  oxygenated  products, 
as  CoHisO,  Ci^HieO,  etc.  It  is  now  high  time  that  these 
relationships  were  in  some  degree  cleared  up,  and  the  text- 
books of  chemistry  freed  of  an  entirely  useless  ballast ;  and  the 
purpose  of  the  following  poges  is  to  furnish  the  iirst  instalment 
of  such  a  work, 

"In  the  previous  treatise  it  was  shown  that  the  ethereal  oil 
obtained  from  Artemisia  Cynae  contained  as  its  chief  con- 
stituent the  compound  C,„H,„0,  and  a  series  of  new  reactions 
has  been  indicated,  by  means  of  which  one  can  easily  identify 
that  compound.  A  liquid  compound.  C,„Hii,0,  is  also  said, 
according  to  the  available  data,  to  be  present  in  several  other 
ethereal  oils,  and  among  others  to  form  the  principal  com- 
ponent of  the  etliereal  oil  of  some  Melaleuca  species,  which 
comes  on  the  market  as  cajuput  oil. 

"The  data  regarding  this  constituent  of  cajuput  oil,  or 
cajuputol,  which  are  due  chiefly  to  SchmidI,  seemed  to  justify 
the  inquiry  whether  cajuputol  might  not  be  identical  with 
cyneol,  and  the  following  experiments  carried  out  with  cajuputol 
have  answered  this  question  with  certainty. 

"For  the  purposes  of  the  investigation  use  was  made  of  a 
preparation  obtained  some  time  ago  from  the  well-known 
factory  of  Sachsse,  in  Leipsic,  and  the  results  were  moreover 
controlled  by  an  oil  recently  procured  from  C.  Krieger,  in 
Coblentz. 

"The  cajuput  oil  was  first  rectified,  whereby  the  old  results 
were   confirmed,   that   the  main   portion   of  the  oil   d'stills  over 


between   170°  and  180°.     This  fraction  possesses  an  odor  very 
similar  to  cyneol,  and  behaves  as  follows: 

"On  conducting  hydrochloric  acid  gas  into  the  well-cooled 
oil  diluted  with  petroleum  ether,  after  some  time  a  dazzling 
white  crystalline  compound  is  precipitated,  w-hich  is  instantly 
decomposed  by  water.  If  bromine  is  added  to  the  cooled 
mixture  of  cajuput  oil  with  petroleum  ether,  a  brick-red  com- 
pound is  immediately  thrown  down,  which  cannot  be  dis- 
tinguished from  cyneol  bromide.  It  deliquesces  spontaneously 
when  it  is  w^U  pressed  out  and  placed  in  a  closely  stoppered 
vessel,  and  from  the  resulting  colorless  liquid  there  are  de- 
posited, when  alcohol  and  bromine  are  added,  colorless  crystals, 
which  have  the  same  melting  point  as  the  tetrabromide  obtained 
from   cyneol   bromide   under  the  same  conditions. 

"The  specially  characteristic  behavior  of  cyneol  toward 
.  hydriodic  acid  is  also  manifested  by  cajuputol.  On  conducting 
gaseous  hydriodic  acid  into  the  cooled  oil,  it  finally  solidifies 
to  a  thick  crystalline  mass,  w^hich,  after  draining,  washing  with 
alcohol,  and  recrystallizing  from  petroleum  ether,  gave  white 
crystalline  needles  melting  at   77-78°. 

0.1135   g.  gave  0.1360  g.   Agl. 
Calculated   for  Found 

CioHisI^. 
I.       64.79.  64.74. 

"Not  only  appearance,  composition,  and  melting  point  of  this 
iodide,  CioH,sI;,  agree  entirely  with  the  corresponding  figures 
for  the  body  obtained  from  oil  of  wormseed,  but  also  the  other 
behavior.  At  84-85°  it  decomposes  while  becoming  brown  in 
color. 

"On  w-arming  with  aniline,  a  hydrocarbon,  C,„H,s,  results, 
witli  a  boiling  point  of  181°.  It  has  a  pleasant  odor,  like 
lemon  oil,  and  g'ves,  when  diluted  with  alcohol,  cooled,  and 
treated  with  bromine,  after  evaporation  of  the  liquid,  a  tetra- 
bromide melting  at  124-125°. 

"These  facts  are  quite  sufficient  to  make  the  assertion  well 
founded  that  the  principal  constituent  of  cajuput  oil,  CioHjoO, 
is  identical  with  the  principal  constituent  of  oil  of  wormseed. 

"It  must  here  be  noted  that  the  older  data  of  SchmidI  re- 
garding cajuputol  vary  from  the  above  in  certain  non-essential 
points,  and  stand  in  need  of  partial  revision.  This  will  be 
taken  up  at  another  opportunity.  Observations  of  Wright  and 
Lambert  on  the  behavior  of  cajuputol  toward  bromine  and 
phosphorus  pentasulphide  may  also  be  easily  brought  in  line 
with  what  has  been  presented  here. 

"Several  times  it  has  been  pointed  out,  in  the  previous  com- 
munication and  above,  that  the  terpene,  C,„H,t,  obtained  from 
Oleum  Cynae  and  Oleum  Cajuputi,  is  characterized  by  its 
pleasant,  lemon-like  odor.  This  suggested  that  we  investigate 
whether  the  hydrocarbon,  formerly  called  cynene  (cajuputene) 
would  not  prove  to  be  identical  with  some  of  the  terpenes 
which,  as  is  well  known,  are  contained  in  the  pleasant  snielling 
ethereal  oils  of  the  Aurantiaceac,  or  whether  at  least  it  was 
not  c'osely  related  to  these.  The  latter  assumption  was  con- 
firmed by  the  following  experiments: 

"Characteristic  of  cynene  is  the  ease  with  which  it  can  be 
converted  into  a  beautiful  crystallized  tetrabromide.  The  ter- 
penes used  which  were  obtained  from  Pinus  species  do  not 
show  this  property  at  all.  Nor  have  I  succeeded  in  preparing 
a  similar  compound  from  Oleum  Eucalypti,  or  Oleum  Berga- 
mottae.  Oleum  Citri,  after  similar  treatment,  deposits  only  a 
very  small  amount  of  crystals,  while  Oleum  cort.  Aurantiorum, 
from  various  sources,  afforded  an  enormous  yield  of  a  splendidly 
crystallizing  tetrabromide.  The  compound  has  a  great  external 
similarity   to  the   bromide   obtained   from   cynene. 

"In  composition  the  bromides  .  .  .  agree.  But  devia- 
tions are  shown  in  melting  points.  While  the  tetrabromide 
from  cynene  melts  at  125-126°,  the  Jetrabromide  from  Oleum 
cort.  Aur.  becomes  liquid  at  104-105   . 

"It  .  .  .  appears  that  a  close  chemical  relationship 
exists  between  the  last-named  terpenes,  cynene  and  hesperidene, 
but  not  complete  identity." 

The  account  is  continued   in  the  next  article,   Annalen,    Vol. 

227,  p.  277:  ■      •        u   . 

"From  the  fact  announced  in  my  recent  communication,   but 

previouslv  overlooked,  that  certain  terpenes  unite  with  bromine 


366 


THE   PHAK^ilACEUTICAL   ERA 


[August,  1914 


to  form  beautiful  crystalline  tetrabromides,  it  was  to  be  ex- 
pected that  it  might  be  utilized  for  a  more  exact  characteri- 
zation and  differentiation  of  single  members  of  this  still  in- 
sufficiently known  group  of  substances.  This  has  been  ful- 
filled in  a  great  measure,  and  I  would  now  like  to  communicate 
some  results  obtained  in  this  direction,  with  the  reservation 
that  they  may  be  supplemented  by  further  experiments. 

"At  some  other  time  I  shall  go  into  closer  examination  of 
the  transformations  and  reactions  of  these  compounds.  For 
the  present  I  shall  only  remark  that  from  the  analyses,  as  well 
as  from  the  method  of  formation  and  the  behavior  of  these 
compounds,  it  must  be  concluded  that  they  possess  the  formula 
Ci^^MBrt,  and  that  they  result  Irom  the  direct  addition  of 
four  bromine  atoms  to  the  hydrocarbon  C,»H„.  Both  products 
are  sharply  differentiated,  not  only  by  melting  points,  but  also 
by  the  different  solubilities  in  ether,  which  takes  up  the  bromide 
melting  at  104-105°  more  easily  than  the  higher  melting  form." 

Crystallographic  proof  of  the  difference  between  the  two 
bromides  is  here  introduced. 

"It  must  be  emphasized  that  when,  in  what  follows,  I  speak 
of  the  identity  of  terpenes,  only  identity  in  respect  to  their 
chemical  behavior  is  meant.  The  physical  differences  of  some 
chemically  identical  bodies,  which  fijid  partial  expression  in 
the  differences  of  optical  rotation,  are  for  the  present  not  taken 
into  account  by  me.     . 

American  Oil  of  Turpentine. 
"Turpentine  oil  boiling  at  159-161°  gives  on  brominating  a 
liquid  bromide.  But  the  affair  is  entirely  different  if  the 
turpentine  is  exposed  for  several  hours  to  a  temperature  of 
250-270°.  ...  If  this  modified  turpentine  oil  is  treated 
with  bromine,  there  is  obtained  a  great  amount  of  a  solid 
bromide,  which,  after  repeated  crj-stallizations,  forms  beautiful 
prisms,  which  cannot  be  distinguished  in  appearance  from  the 
cinene*  letrabromide  previously  described.  The  melting  point 
was  at  124-125°,  and  an  accurate  crystallographic  comparison 
established  the  complete  identity  of  the  two  bromides. 

Oil  of  Spruce. 

"From  this  oil  I  distilled  over  two  fractions,  one  at  159-165°, 
and  the  other  at  175-180°.  The  lower  boiling  fraction  gave 
on  direct  bromination  a  liquid  compound;  after  heating  the 
hydrocarbon  to  250-270°,  higher  boiling  products  resulted,  of 
which  the  portion  boiling  around  180°  gave,  on  bromination,  a 
crystalline  bromide,  forming  beautiful  prisms,  melting  at  124- 
125°.  This  bromide  is  undoubtedly  identical  with  that  obtained 
in  the  corresponding  manner  from  heated  oil  of  turpentine, 
and  from  cinene. 

"The  fraction  of  spruce  oil  boiling  between  175-180°,  which 
had  a  pleasant  odor,  gave  directly  a  large  amount  of  a  solid 
bromine  product,  the  identity  of  which  with  hesperidenef 
tetrabromide  was  made  certain  by  the  appearance  and  melting 
point  of  104-105°. 

Oil  of  Juniper  Berries. 

"This  oil  contains  much  of  a  terpene  boiling  between  155- 
162°,  which  gives  no  solid  product  with  bromine.  After  heating 
this  hydrocarbon  to  250-270°  the  boiling  point  was  consider- 
ably raised,  and  the  part  boiling  at  180°  gave  a  good  yield  of 
a  beautiful  bromide  melting  at  123°,  unquestionably  identical 
with  cinene  tetrabromide. 

Oil  of  Lemon. 

"I  have  previously  shown  that  by  brominating  lemon  oil 
directly,  only  a  small  quantity  of  a  crystalline  product  is 
obtained.    A  closer  examination  revealed  the  following: 

"It  is  possible — as  Tilden  has  already  shown — to  separate 
two  terpenes  from  the  portion  of  the  oil  boiling  up  to  200°, 
of  which  one  goes  over  below  170°,  the  other  chiefly  from 
175-180°.  The  lower  boiling  terpene  behaves  like  turpentine 
changes  on  heating  to  a  compound  which  easily  yields  the 
oil;  that  is,  it  gives  directly  no  trace  of  a  solid  bromide,  but 
bromide  melting  between   124-125°. 

"On  the  other  hand,  the  portion  of  Oleum  Citri  boiling 
between  175°  and  180°,  the  true  citrene,  proved  to  be  identical 
with  hesperidene  from  Oleum  cort.  Aur.  From  it  was  ob- 
tained,  in  good  yield,  the  tetrabromide  melting  at   104-105°." 

Similar  results  were  obtained  with  oil  of  bergamot,  which 
contained  hesperidene.     Oil  of  caraway,  long  known  to  con- 


tain a  terpene  "carvene,"  was  shown  to  consist  largely  of 
hesperidene;  in  other  words,  car\'ene  was  identical  with  hes- 
peridene. The  same  demonstrations  were  made  with  oil  of  dill 
and  oil  of  erigeron. 


Estimation  of  Glucose  in  Urine.* 


"So  spelled  in  the  original  and  subsequently. 
-tHesperidene,   or  citrene,   is  now  called  limonene. 


By  JOSEPH  L.  MAYER. 

ANYONE   who  has  occasion   to  make   many  quantitative 
determinations  of  sugar  in  urine  is  aware  of  the  neces- 
sity of  ha\  ing  a  rapid,  accurate  and  easily  applied  method 
of  analysis. 

Shortly  after  the  publication  of  Benedict's  paper,  "The  De- 
tection and  Estimation  of  Glucose  in  Urine"  {Drug.  Circ, 
Jan.,  1912,  page  11,  from  Journal  A.M. A.).  I  began  experi- 
menting with  the  object  of  ascertaining  the  accuracy  of  the 
method. 

The  sugar  in  a  sample  of  urine  was  determined  volumetri- 
cally  by  employing  the  following  modification  of  Benedict's 
method,  which  I  suggested  in  a  paper  read  at  the  last  annual 
meeting  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  {Jour. 
A. Ph. A.,  May,  1914,  page  687.). 

Into  100  cc.  Erlenmeyer  flask,  with  cord  wrapped  arotind 
the  neck  to  prevent  burning  the  fingers,  pour  25  cc.  of  accu- 
rately measured  Benedict's  quantitative  solution,  add  a  few 
grams  of  cr>stallized  sodium  carbonate  and  place  on  the  hot 
plate.  When  the  solution  is  boiling  gradually  add  the  sugar 
solution  from  a  burette  with  sufficient  slowness  to  allow  the 
reaction  to  proceed,  putting  the  flask  back  on  the  hot  plate 
until  disappearance  of  color. 

The  sugar  in  this  same  sample  was  then  determined  gravi- 
metrically  by  the  following  method  of  Defren-O'SuUivan 
(Leach,  "Food  Inspection  and  Analysis,"  2d  Edition,  page  564). 

Mix  15  cc.  of  Fehling's  copper  solution  with  15  cc.  of  the 
tartrate  solution  in  a  quarter  liter  Erlenmeyer  flask  and  add 
50  cc.  distilled  water,  place  the  flask  and  its  contents  in  a 
boiling  water-bath  and  allow  them  to  remain  five  minutes,  then 
ran  rapidly  from  a  burette  into  the  hot  liquor  in  the  flask, 
25  cc.  of  the  sugar  solution  to  be  tested  (which  should  contain 
not  more  than  one-half  per  cent,  of  reducing  sugars).  Allow 
the  flask  to  remain  in  the  boiling  water-bath  just  15  minutes 
after  the  addition  of  the  sugar  solution,  remove,  and  with  the 
aid  of  a  vacuum,  filter  the  contents  rapidly  into  a  platinum 
or  porcelain  Gooch  crucible  containing  a  layer  of  prepared 
asbestos;  fiber,  about  1  cm.  thick,  the  crucible  with  the  asbestos 
having  been  previously  ignited,  cooled,  and  weighed.  The 
cuprous  oxide  precipitate  is  thoroughly  washed  with  boiling 
distilled  water  till  the  water  ceases  to  be  alkaline.  The  asbes- 
tos should  be  of  the  long-fibred  variety  and  should  be  espe- 
cially prepared  as  follows:  Boil  first  with  nitric  acid  (sp.  g. 
1.05  to  1.70),  washing  out  the  acid  with  hot  water,  then  boil 
with  a  25  per  cent,  solution  of  sodium  hydro.xide,  and  finally 
wash  out  the  alkali  with  hot  water.  Keep  the  asbestos  in  a 
wide-mouthed  flask  or  bottle  and  transfer  to  the  Gooch  crucible 
by  shaking  it  up  in  the  water  and  pouring  it  quickly  into  the 
crucible  while  under  suction. 

Dry  the  crucible  with  its  contents  in  the  oven,  and  finally 
heat  to  dull  redness  for  15  minutes,  during  which  the  red 
cuprous  oxide  is  converted  into  the  black  cupric  oxide.  After 
oxidation,  as  above,  the  crucible  is  transferred  to  a  desiccator, 
cooled,  and  quickly  weighed.  From  the  milligrams  of  cupric 
oxide,  calculate  the  milligrams  of  dextrose,  using  the  table 
accompanying  the  method. 

The  results  by  both  methods  were  as  follows: 

Gravimetric  method    2.806%  sugar 

Volumetric  method   2.777%  sugar 

0.029%  difference 
.\nother  sample  of  urine  tested  by  the  same  methods  con- 
tained : 

Gravimetric  method    6.34%  sugar 

A'olumetric  method   6.29%  sugar 

0.05%  difference 
These  results  clearly  indicate  that  the  volumetric  method  of 
Benedict  modified   as   above,   while  rapid   and  easily  applied, 

*Read  before  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical  Associa- 
tion. June  23,   1914. 


August,  IQli] 


THE    PHARaiACEUTICAL    ERA 


367 


is   capable   of   yielding   just   as   accurate   results   as   the    longer 
gravimetric  method. 

I  am  now  conducting  a  series  of  experiments  to  determine  the 
relative  accuracy  of  all  the  methods  commonly  used  to  quanti- 
tatively determine  glucose  in  urine  and  hope  in  the  near  future 
to  publish  the  results. 


Intelligent  Publicity. 


HOR.\CE  TA-iXOR 


By   HOEACE    TAYLOR, 

Secretary-Treasurer  of  T.  P.  Taylor  &  Co.,  Operators  of  Six 
Louisville,   Ky.,    Stores. 

^^TT   pays   to  advertise.     That   is  not  an   original   thought, 

I    exactly,  but  it  probably  expressed  in  the  fewest  possible 

words  the  reason  why  this  company  handles  the  business 

it  does.     We  are  here  to  serve  the  people  by  supplying  their 

wants  in  drugs,  photographic  goods,   cigars  and  cigarettes,  and 

a  score  or  more  of  other  lines;  and  as 

far  as  we  can  see,  the  only  way  to  do  it 

is   to  let  them   know   that   we  have  the 

goods,  at  certain  quoted  prices. 

"That  means  publicity;  and  we  have 
therefore  persistently  and  consistently 
advertised,  without  ceasing.  We  believe 
in  the  liberal  and  continued  use  of  news- 
paper space,  to  announce  regularly  the 
sale  of  goods  whose  prices,  as  we  quote 
them,  should  prove  attractive  to  the  pub- 
lic ;  and  the  results  certainly  confirm  us 
in  our  belief  in  its  efficacy. 

".\  plan  which  has  proved  very  suc- 
cessful has  been  the  use  in  the  wrapping 
of  parcels  of  reproductions  of  successful 
newspaper  advertisements,  in  'dodger'  or 
circular  form.  The  fact  that  a  person 
has  come  into  one  of  our  stores  to  buy  goods  indicates  that  he 
is  already  on  the  road  to  becoming  a  permanent  customer;  and 
w-hen  we  give  him,  inside  the  wrapper  of  the  package,  a  list 
of  other  merchandise  in  which  he  may  be  interested,  with 
attractive  prices  quoted,  we  have  a  pretty  good  chance  of  sell- 
ing him  something  else.  Experience  has  shown  that  these 
chances  w'ork  out  in  our  favor  to  a  remarkable  extent. 

"But  there  is  one  point  which  should  be  borne  in  mind  by 
the  druggist  who  w'ants  to  pull  business  by  advertising  of 
any  kind :  His  windows  are  the  best  possible  medium  for 
giving  his  goods  publicity.  If  I  had  to  take  my  choice  be- 
tween giving  up  the  use  of  windows  and  giving  up  the  use 
of  newspaper  space,  the  newspaper  space  would  have  to  go. 
But  the  combination  of  newspaper  advertising  of  certain  goods, 
and  a  simultaneous  display  of  the  same  goods  in  the  windows, 
is  a  powerful  one,  and  we  use  it,  inasmuch  as  it  is  not  a 
question  of  choice,  but  of  intelligent  use  of  the  two  methods 
combined. 

"Furthermore,  we  utilize  in  every  possible  way  the  general 
publicity  paid  for  by  the  manufacturer  of  lines  which  we 
carry.  Many  druggists  make  no  use  whatever  of  their  prior 
knowledge  of  a  big  advertisement  in  a  national  medium  by 
a  manufacturer  whose  goods  they  handle.  We  consider  it 
sufficiently  important  to  arrange  our  newspaper  advertising 
and  window  displays  to  coincide  with  the  appearance  of  any 
particularly  striking  national  advertisement,  displaying  it  in 
our  own  windows  at  the  same  time,  thus  making  a  corhbination 
even  stronger  than  that  which  we  usually  accomplish. 

"By  these  means,  as  well  as  by  the  use  of  choice  locations 
for  our  stores,  we  accomplish  the  object  which  must  be  kept 
constantly  in  mind  by  the  successful  druggist,  as  by  every 
other  retail  merchant — of  making  a  quick  turnover  of  our 
stocks.  It  isn't  necessary  to  give  exact  figures,  but  I  think 
it  will  be  conceded  that  we  move  our  goods  about  as  quickly 
as  the  thing  can  be  done.  It  is  truthfully  said  of  us  that  on 
a  good  many  lines — notably,  perhaps,  tobacco — we  don't  make 
much;  but  the  old  maxim  about  quick  sales  and  small  profits 
has  a  good  deal  of  value  in  it,  in  some  ways.  The  quick- 
sale  part  of  it,  at  least,  is  important. 

"I  was  in  one  of  the  most  famous  drug  stores  of  the  country 
not  long  ago,  in  New  York,  and  a  thing  struck  me  there 
which  strikes  a  visitor  in  one  of  our  stores — the  small  amount 


of   drugs  visible   out   in   the   store.     That's   the   way  to   run   a 
modern  drug  business,   to  my  mind.     Here's  the  point : 


People  don't  buy  drugs,  or  at  least  they 
oughtn't,  merely  because  they  see  them ;  they 
buy  goods  of  that  sort  only  upon  a  physician's 
prescription,  and  that's  the  only  way  we  want 
to  sell  them. 


"This  being  the  case,  the  obvious  thing  to  do,  from  -the 
merchandising  standpoint,  is  to  give  them  their  proper  place — 
not  in  the  front  of  the  store,  where  they  take  up  valuable 
display  space,  but  in  the  back,  where  they  are  handy  to  the 
prescription  clerks,  and  where  they  are  displayed  exactly  as 
much  as  they  should  be,  which  is  not  at  all.  The  display 
space  which  is  worth  while  is  thus  given  over  to  merchandise 
which  answers  to  publicity  by  selling  better  because  of  it, 
and  the  total  volume  of  business  handled  is  made  just  that 
much  larger. 

"On  the  other  hand,  so  far  from  this  method  resulting  in 
less  drug  business  than  that  of  the  old-fashioned  druggist, 
whose  shelves  are  taken  up  with  labeled  bottles,  it  results 
in  a  much  heavier  business,  for  very  obvious  reasons.  Every- 
body who  comes  into  the  store  for  any  of  the  many  other 
lines  which  we  carry  is  so  well  served — if  our  ideas  are 
carried  out — that  it  is  pretty  certain  that  we  will  get  whatever 
straight   drug   business   he   has.     It   works   just   that   way. 

"Here's  another  idea  which  has  resulted  in  largely  increasing 
business.  Our  rubber-goods  department  in  every  store  is 
handled  in  a  retired  section  of  the  room,  practically  a  private 
compartment,  by  women  employees.  Women  are  assured  that 
when  they  come  to  a  Taylor  store  they  don't  have  to  com- 
municate their  needs  in  this  line  to  a  man,  with  men  standing 
around,  and  look  at  the  goods  under  the  same  naturally 
objectionable  circumstances.  This  has  enabled  us  not  only 
to  sell  more  goods  in  this  line,  but  better  goods  as  well, 
besides  increasing  sales  of  various  preparations  which  are 
used   in   connection  with  them. 

"That's  the  answer: 


:  "Intelligent  ptiblicity,   which,   mind,   means  the  : 

:  kind  that  suits  the  man  who  is  using  it — with  : 

:  the  kind  of  service  that  backs  it  up  and  makes  : 

:  the   customer   want   to   come   again.     We   have  : 

:  proved    it    out    in    every    possible    way,    and    it  : 

:  works   out."  : 

Solution   for   Frosting'   Glass. 

Magnesium  sulphate    3  parts 

Zinc  sulphate  3  parts 

Dextrin   2  parts 

Water 20  parts 

Make  a  solution  and  apply  the  liquid  with  a  suitable  brush, 
being  careful  to  first  remove  all  traces  of  grease  from  the  glass. 

Anti-Perspiration  Liquid. 

Borax    15  parts 

Salicylic  acid   15  parts 

Boric  acid    5  parts 

Glycerin    60  parts 

Dilute  alcohol   60  parts 

Perfume    1-^' 

Mix.     Recommended   for  the   prevention   of   sweating  hands 

and  feet.     Rub  on  the  palms  of  the  hands  and  soles  of  the  feet 

two  or  three  times  a  day. 

Automobile  Wind  Shield  Clarifier. 
The  following  solution  is  recommended  by  a  writer  in  the 
British  Medical  Journal  for  application  to  the  wind  shield  of 
an  automobile:  Sodium  chloride,  1  dram;  water,  1  ounce; 
glycerin,  2  ounces.  Mix.  A  little  of  the  solution  is  placed  on 
gauze  and  wiped  over  the  glass  in  a  very  thin  layer,  but  always 
in  a  .downward  direction.  The  application  is  said  to  perrnit  the 
automobilist  a  clear  view  through  the  wind  shield,  even  in  the 
wettest  weather,  "a  boon  on  a  wet  night  on  a  dark  road." 


36S 


THE    PIIARMACEUTICAl,    KKA 


August,  1914 


Disinfectant    and    Germicide    for   Stables. 

Caustic  soda    J  j  pound 

Borax 1   pound 

Shellac     7  ounces 

■  Water    1  gallon 

Boil  all  together  until  dissolved;  when  cold,  add — 

Commercial   carbolic   acid 1  J/j  pints 

According  to  the  National  Bottlers'  Gazette,  this  produces  an 
inexpensive  disinfectant  for  general  use  around  shops  and 
stables.  The  product  should  be  well  shaken  together  and 
labeled  "poisonous." 

Sulphur  Spray. 
Mix  20  pounds  of  flowers  of  sulphur  into  a  thick  paste  with 
cold  water  and  add  10  pounds  of  pulverized  98  per  cent, 
caustic  soda,  by  wh  ch  the  sulphur  will  be  liquefied  with  much 
heat.  Stir  anci  add  water  to  prevent  burning,  finally  diluting 
with  water  to  make  20  gallons.  This  is  a  stock  solution,  2 
gallons  being  used  for  each  50  gallons  of  spray,  or  even  stronger 
without  injur)-  to  the  foliage. 

Nail  Polishing  Paste. 

Talcum   5  drams 

Stannous  oxide   3  drams 

Powdered    tragacanth    5  grains 

Glycerin    1  dram 

Rose  water    q.s. 

Carmine  solution,  q.s.  to  tint. 
Mix  and  make  into  a  paste. 

Metal    Polishing    Paste. 

Infusorial   earth    10  parts 

Levigated  chalk   10  parts 

Levigated  emerj'   5  parts 

Petroleum    1   part 

Soft    paraffin    (petrolatum) 40  parts 

Jlix  thoroughly  and  make  into  a  paste. 

Paste   for  Labels  on  Tin. 

Water   90.0  parts 

Wheat  starch 6.5  parts 

Gelatin    2.0  parts 

Sodium  fluoride 1.5  parts 

Soak  the  gelatin  in  the  water  for  24  hours,  then  heat  on  the 
watei  bath.     Make  a  paste  of  the  starch,  then  mix  both  masses 
with  the  sodium  fluoride.     This  product  will  keep  indefinitely, 
and  is  recommended  for  attaching  any  fabric  to  any  metal. 
Paste   for  Varnished  Surfaces. 

Rice   starch    1   ounce 

White  glue   J4  ounce 

Acetic   acid    !4  ounce 

Oil  of  cloves 10  minims 

Dissolve  the  glue  in  cold  water,  and  then  boil.  Mix  the 
starch  with  a  little  cold  water,  and  pour  into  the  boiling  glue; 
then  add  the  acetic  acid  and  clove  oil. 

Liquid  Stove   Polish. 

Shellac     5  ounces 

Rosin   2  ounces 

.\lcohol    28  ounces 

Xigrosin    14  ounce 

Dissolve  the  nigrosin  in  an  ounce  of  alcohol,  and  add  this 
solution  to  the  shellac  and  rosin  dissolved  in  the  remaining 
alcohol.  Rosin  may  be  left  out  should  its  odor  prove  objec- 
tionable. 

Tan  Shoe  Dressing. 
Boil  together  25  parts  of  yellow  wax,  3  parts  of  potassium 
carbonate  and  2  parts  of  rosin  (common  yellow)  soap  in  50 
parts  of  water.  After  incorporation  remove  from  the  fire,  and 
when  the  mass  has  cooled  down  to  about  180°F.,  add  25  parts 
of  oil  of  turpentine  and  mix  thoroughly.  By  the  addition  of 
any  of  the  oil-soluble  anilin  colors,  previously  dissolved  in  the 
oil  of  turpentine,  any  shade  or  hue  desirable  may  be  given  to 
the  dressing.  By  the  addition  of  a  small  portion  of  shellac  to 
Ihe  wax  and  other  ingredients,  a  mass  capable  of  a  higher  polish 
is  said  to  be  obtained. 


Dressing-  for  White  Shoes. 

Pipe  clay    I  pound 

Si)cuiish   white    J4   pound 

Precipitated   chalk    10  ounces 

Powdered    tragacanth    2  drams 

Phenol     2  drams 

Oil  of  verbena 30  drops 

Water     '.         enough 

Mix  intimately  with  water  to  whidi  the  phenol  has  been 
added  to  form  a  paste. 

White    Dressing    for    Canvas    Shoes. 

Shellac,  white    2  ounces 

Bora.x    6  ounces 

Water    32  fl.  ounces 

Pipe  clay  or  chalk sufficient 

Dissolve  the  shellac  in  the  borax  w-ater  by  the  aid  of  heat, 
adding  the  water  from  time  to  time  to  make  up  that  lost  by 
evaporation ;  then  add  the  pipe  clay  or  chalk  in  sufficient 
quantity.  By  using  less  water  and  a  little  soap,  a  paste  prepa- 
ration may  be  obtained. 

Polish  for  Shoes. 
Ozokerite,  Syi  ounces;  ceresin,  2  pounds;  carnauba  wax,  5^ 
ounces;  beeswax,  11  drams;  oil  of  turpentine,  4  pints;  lamp- 
black, 2  pounds;  oil-soluble  black  aniline,  yi  dram.  Melt  the 
first  four  ingredients,  add  the  turpentine  and  stir  well;  then 
thoroughly  combine  the  mixture  with  the  coloring  materials. 
Ink-Eradicating  Pencil. 
Carefully  fuse  oxalic  acid  in  a  porcelain  dish  provided  with  a 
lip,  and  then  pour  the  melted  mass  into  glass  tubes  which 
have  been  previously  greased  with  liquid  paraffin  or  other  oil. 
When  the  substance  has  solidified,  the  pencils  can  readily  be 
pushed  out  of  the  tubes  and  cut  into  suitable  lengths.  The 
pencil  is  used  by  moistening  the  end  with  water  and  gently 
rubbing  the  ink  spot  with  it.  In  some  cases  it  is  advisable  to 
follow  the  application  by  moistening  the  spot  with  a  little 
dilute  chlorinated  lime  solution,  and  then  thoroughly  washing 
with  water.     (Merck's  Report.). 

Ink  for  Reagent  Bottles. 
.■\n  ink  designed  for  use  on  labels  of  bottles  exposed  to  cor- 
rosive fumes  of  the  laboratory  or  to  the  dampness  of  cellars  is 
the  following  from  a  foreign  technical  journal:  Shellac,  20 
grams;  dissolve  in  a  hot  solution  of  borax,  30  grams,  and  water, 
400  cc. ;  filter  while  hot,  and  then  add  the  following  solution 
made  by  dissolving  aniline  black,  8  grams;  tannin,  0.3  gram; 
picric  acid,  0.1  gram,  and  ammonia,  15  grams,  in  water,  10 
grams. 

Crayon  for  Writing  on  Glass. 

Yellow  wax    2  ounces 

Tallow     3  ounces 

Spermaceti    4  ounces 

Potassium   carbonate    1  ounce 

Red    lead    6  ounces 

ilelt  the  first  three  ingredients  together,  and  then  stir  in  the 
two  powders.  Triturate  well  together  until  nearly  cold,  then 
pour  into  glass  tubes  of  the  thickness  of  a  pencil.  The  result- 
ing crayons  may  be  sharpened  in  the  same  way  as  an  ordinary 
pencil. 

Pencils  for  Removing  Grease  Spots. 

Ox  gall    16  parts 

Powdered   borax    8  parts 

:Magnesia     20  parts 

Powdered   soap    56  parts 

Rub  well  together  and  then  add  sufficient  green  soap  to  make 
into  paste.  Roll  out  into  pencils  of  a  convenient  size  and  set 
aside  to  dry.  In  use,  the  end  of  the  pencil  is  dipped  slightly 
into  water  and  applied  to  the  spot.  .-Kfter  rubbing  substance  of 
the  pencil  into  the  spotted  fabric,  wipe  off  with  a  moist  sponge. 
Harness  Blacking. 
Soft  soap,  3  ounces;  isinglass,  J 4  ounce;  Prussian  blue,  54 
ounce;  transparent  glue,  2  ounces;  logwood,  2  ounces;  lamp- 
black, q.s.;  vinegar,  24  ounces.  Simmer  the  ingredients  to- 
gether over  a  slow   fire  and  strain. 


August,  191-4] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


369 


FOEEIGM  ABSTRACT 


RESEARCH   IN   OTHER   LANDS. 


Contributions  to   Our  Knowledge   of  Cinchona — Prac- 
tical Hints  in  Prescription  Work — More  Biochemi- 
cal  Syntheses — Specific   Test   for   Ethyl   Alcohol. 

THREE  articles  dealing  with  various  phases  of  the  cin- 
chona industry  are  abstracted  this  month,  one  relating  the 
circumstances  attending  the  award  of  the  prize  for  the 
best  cinchona  method,  presented  by  the  Preanger  Cinchona 
League,  another  dealing  with  recent  studies  of  cinchona  from 
Madagascar,  and  the  third  giving  a  simple  volumetric  method 
for  determining  the  cinchona  alkaloids,  with  the  quinine  sepa- 
rated. A  number  of  very  practical  and  time-saving  hints  are 
given,  which  will  be  welcomed  by  all  laboratory  workers. 
Bourquelot  and  his  able  co-workers  report  their  results  with 
a  number  of  new  biochemical  syntheses  of  glucosides,  con- 
taining derivatives  of  benzyl  alcohol.  Rosenthaler  tells  of 
some  preliminary  experiments  which  seem  to  confirm  Kiliani's 
belief  that  Kraft's  gitalin  is  not  a  chemical  individual.  An 
important  color  reaction  for  ethyl  alcohol,  which  is  specific  for 
that  substance  and  not  interfered  with  by  methyl  alcohol  or 
acetone,  is  also  presented. 
Algocratin,  Alleged  New  Antipyretic — 

Under  this  name  a  substance  has  recently  come  on  the 
market,  which  purports  to  be  a  reliable  and  entirely  safe  anti- 
pyretic, to  take  the  place  of  antipyrin,  pyramidon,  and  phe- 
nacetin.  The  literature  accompanying  the  packages  presents 
what  is  intended  to  be  a  scathing  indictment  of  the  dangerous 
and  treacherous  nature  of  antipyrin,  emphasizes  the  supposed 
harmful  effects  of  phenacetin  on  the  red  blood  corpuscles,  and 
mentions  the  decaying  reputation  of  pyramidon.  .^s  to  the 
composition  of  algocratin,  nothing  very  definite  is  stated, 
although  it  is  said  to  be  a  member  of  the  "group  of  phenyla- 
mido.xanthines,"  and  an  improbable  formula  is  assigned  to  it. 
An  investigation  made  by  the  Pharmazeiitischc  Zeitung  revealed 
the  astonishing  fact  that  the  new  remedy  is  nothing  but  a 
mixture  of  caffeine,  phenacetin,  and  pyramidon.  This  was 
confirmed  by  an  independent  study  by  Mannich,  of  Gottingen. 
(Pharm.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  473.) 
On  Gitalin — 

Gitalin,  isolated  some  time  ago  by  Kraft,  and  said  to  be  one 
of  the  true  individual  constituents  of  digitalis,  is  now  claimed 
by  Kiliani  to  be  a  mixture  of  substances.  Rosenthaler  reports 
some  simple  experiments  tending  to  confirm  Kiliani's  view. 
If  gitalin  is  treated  with  water,  in  the  attempt  to  transform  it 
into  the  hydrate,  which,  according  to  Kraft,  is  formed  under 
these  conditions,  a  portion  escapes  transformation.  One  part  of 
the  substance  was  dissolved  in  l}/2  parts  of  alcohol  and  treated 
with  ^4  P^rt  of  water.  The  separated  crystals  were  filtered  off 
and  washed  w-ith  a  mixture  of  1  part  of  alcohol  and  Yz  part 
of  water.  Mother  liquor  and  wash  water  were  shaken  out 
with  chloroform,  the  latter  dried  wdth  sodium  sulphate,  and 
concentrated  in  a  vacuum.  Precipitation  was  caused  by  petro- 
leum ether,  and  the  precipitate  again  treated  so  as  to  form  the 
hydrate.  This  was  repeated  until  no  more  hydrate  formation 
took  place.  The  gitalin  was  apparently  changed  into  two 
constituents,  one  of  which  did  not  form  a  hydrate.  The  latter 
proved  to  be  just  as  active  physiologically  as  gitalin,  .\nother 
substance,  entirely  distinct  from  any  hitherto  isolated  consti- 
tuent of  digitalis,  crystalline,  and  more  active  than  gitalin,  was 
also  separated.  The  work  is  being  continued.  (Rosenthaler, 
Schweiz.  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  349.) 
Practical  Prescription  Hints — 

Mucilage  of  gum  arabic  is  best  prepared  by  wrapping  the 
uncomminuted  pieces  in  a  large  square  of  absorbent  gauze, 
which  is  tied  up  and  suspended  in  the  mixture  of  water  and 
lime  water.  Solution  begins  at  once,  is  promoted  by  gravity 
diffusion,  and  is  complete  after  12  hours.  The  finished  solu- 
tion requires  no  straining,  and  keeps  well.  The  same  method 
is  useful  in  preparing  tinctures  of  aloes,  asafetida,  catechu, 
iod'ne,  myrrh,  opium,  and  other  non-cellular  drugs,  and  for 
resinous  solutions,  such  as  varnishes.  .Aqueous  solutions  of 
powders  which  are   difficult  to   wet   may   be   prepared   in   large 


shallow  dishes,  partly  filled  with  water,  on  the  surface  of 
which  the  powder  is  sprinkled.  This  method,  already  used 
for  protargol  and  other  metal-albumen  compounds,  is  well 
adapted  for  sodium  nucleinate,  bromocoU,  etc.  Solution  of 
salicylic  acid  and  other  bulky  substances  in  volatile  solvents 
is  effected  by  placing  the  solid  in  a  funnel,  which  is  inserted 
in  the  neck  of  a  flask,  and  pouring  the  solvent  slowly  on  it. 
This  applies  to  solutions  of  salicylic  acid,  tannic  acid,  benzoic 
acid,  and  menthol,  in  alcohol,  ether,  or  collodion.  Ointments 
containing  extract  of  opium  are  readily  prepared  by  first  pow- 
dering the  extract  finely,  and  rubbing  it  with  a  small  amount 
of  glycerin,  after  which  the  mass  may  be  smoothly  incorpora- 
ted with  any  ointment  base.  Zinc  oxide  and  starch  paste  wdth 
various  additions  is  best  made  in  enamelled  dishes,  heated  on 
a  steam  or  water  bath,  stirring  with  a  pestle.  Syrup  made 
from  some  grades  of  sugar  deposits  the  ultramarine  coloring 
after  standing.  To  destroy  the  latter,  bring  the  syrup  to  a 
boil,  and  at  die  instant  when  ebullition  becomes  violent,  add 
0.1  g.  of  pure  citric  acid  to  each  kg.  of  sugar.  Strain  through 
flannel.  The  small  amount  of  invert  sugar  produced  is  negli- 
gible.   (Kordon,  Pharm.  Post.,  1914,  No.  39.) 

Prizes  for  Cinchona  Assay  Method — 

.Announcement  was  made  in  the  Er.\  some  time  ago  that 
the  Preanger  Kina  Bond  (Cinchona  League)  of  Java  had 
offered  prizes  for  the  best  assay  method  for  the  bark,  the 
estimation  of  the  quinine  being  aimed  at.  Cinchona  is  bought 
on  the  "unit"  basis,  the  unit  being  five  cents  paid  for  each 
per  cent,  of  quinine  in  a  half-kilo  of  bark.  It  is  therefore 
of  the  highest  importance,  in  order  to  avoid  disputes  between 
growers  and  dealers,  that  the  amount  of  quinine  be  accurately 
known.  The  conditions  of  the  contest  were  that  the  assay 
method  should  give  as  nearly  as  possible  the  actual  amount  of 
quinine  in  the  bark,  and  that  duplicates  should  agree  within 
0.2  per  cent.  Four  replies  were  received,  but  two  were  very 
unsatisfactory,  and  in  the  others  the  amount  of  quinine  differed 
too  much  from  the  real  amount  present.  The  purpose  of  the 
competition  was  therefore  not  realized,  but  the  prize  was 
awarded,  nevertheless,  since  the  new  methods  had  contributed 
much  to  the  end  sought.  The  prize  was  divided  between  the 
Government  Testing  Station,  at  Tjinjiroean,  and  Drs.  Mauren- 
brecher  and  Uhee.     (Chem.  Drug.,   1914,  p.  857.) 

Madagascar  Cinchona — 

.Attempts  to  introduce  cinchona  cultivation  into  ^Madagascar 
date  from  1896,  but  it  was  not  until  plants  were  brought  in 
from  Java,  in  1900,  that  the  trees  began  to  take  firm  hold. 
.A  number  of  samples  recently  sent  to  France  from  the  colony 
have  been  analyzed  by  Prof.  Perrct.  The  content  of  alkaloids 
has  decreased  to  a  remarkable  extent  since  the  trees  were 
planted,  being  now  about  1.77  to  3.64  per  cent,  for  total 
a'kaloids  in  the  trunk  or  branch  bark;  while  the  root  bark  is 
rather  high  in  total  alkaloids,  showing  from  9.75  to  10.25  per 
cent.  The  method  used  was  that  of  the  Dutch  Pharmacopoeii 
III,  modified  by  Van  der  Wielen.  The  quino-tannates  were 
also  determined,  by  the  following  method:  10  g.  of  bark  in 
No.  30  pow^der  (French),  are  macerated  in  a  flask  with  75  cc. 
of  water  and  5  cc.  of  4-normal  hydrochloric  acid,  .After  24 
hours,  with  occasional  shaking,  40  cc.  of  the  liquid  are  fiUered 
off  into  a  tared  dish.  Two  g.  of  potassium  acetate  are  then 
added,  and  the  liquid  is  evaporated  on  a  w^ater  bath  to  a 
weight  of  10  g.  .After  cooling,  the  liquid  is  separated  by  pass- 
ing through  a  plain  filter,  which  has  been  dried  and  weighed. 
The  residue  of  quino-tannates  is  washed  with  a  little  w^ater, 
dried,  and  weighed,  the  amount  found  representing  5  g.  of  bark. 
Perrot  calls  attention  to  the  fact  that  commercial  analyses  are 
made  with  air-dried  bark,  which  contains  about  10  per  cent, 
of  water,  while  scientific  analyses  should  use  only  bark  which 
has  been  desiccated  to  constant  weight.  The  most  striking 
result  is  the  poverty  of  the  barks  in  alkaloids.  The  best 
sample  of  bark  from  branches  contained  only  4  per  cent,  of 
total  alkaloids,  corresponding  to  23  g.  of  basic  quinine  sulphate 
per  kilo.  Barks  from  roots  yielded  only  about  36  g.  of  quinine 
per  kilo,  although  the  other  alkaloids  were  abundant.  The 
varieties  of  cinchona  examined  were  probably  the  Ledgeriana, 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[August,  1914 


Succirubra,  and  a  hybrid.    (Perrot  and  Huber,  Bull.  Sci.  Phar- 

macolog.,  1014,  p.  257.) 

Volumetric  Analysis  of  Cinchona — 

1.  Combine  in  a  closed  vessel,  on  a  water  bath,  the  cinchona 
alkaloids  and  sulphuric  acid;  displace  them  by  sodium  hydrox- 
ide, and  dissolve  in  a  mixture  of  ether  and  chloroform.  2. 
Wash  the  elher-chlorolorm  solution  with  a  saturated  solution 
of  sodium  sulphate  until  free  from  soda.  3.  Drive  off  the 
ether  and  diloroiorm  on  a  water  bath  and  by  dry  air,  adding 
decinormal  sulphuric  acid.  4.  Titrate  with  decinormal  alkali, 
using  tincture  of  girasole  (heliotrope)  as  indicator.  5.  Again 
set  the  alkaloids  free  by  an  excess  of  sodium  hydroxide,  and 
recover  them  with  the  ether-chloroform  mixture  previously 
distilled.  6.  Separate  the  non-aqueous  mixture  and  evaporate 
in  the  presence  of  an  excess  of  sulphuric  acid.  7.  Crystallize 
the  sticky  residue  by  the  addition  of  ether.  S.  In  the  crystalline 
residue  dissolve  the  sulphates  of  the  alkaloids  other  than 
quinine  by  a  sufficient  quantity  of  a  saturated  solution  of  pure 
quinine  sulphate,  and  titrate  volumetrically  with  decinormal 
alkali,  in  the  presence  of  phenolphthalein,  the  sulphates  of  the 
other  alkaloids;  the  quinine  sulphate  will  then  be  known  by 
difference.  (Dufilho,  Bull.  Sci.  Pharm.  Bordeaux,  1914,  p.  53; 
through  C.  A.) 
More  Biochemical  Syntheses — 

.\  number  of  glucosides  have  recently  been  prepared  for  the 
first  time  by  the  biochemical  method,  by  Bourquelot  and  his 
collaborators,  using  the  same  technique  as  heretofore.  Pre- 
liminao'  experiments  having  shown  that  a  glucoside  of  glycol 
could  be  formed,  the  method  was  applied  on  a  larger  scale, 
in  a  solution  containing  261  g.  of  glycol,  39  g.  of  water,  60  g. 
of  glucose,  and  3  g.  of  emulsin.  The  rotation  was  originally 
21.56°  to  the  right,  and  changed  in  five  months  to  — 6.40°, 
«hen  "7  per  cent,  of  the  glucose  had  entered  into  combination. 
The  uncombined  glucose  was  then  removed  by  yeast  fermen- 
tation, and  the  glucoside  extracted  by  acetic  ether.  The  yield 
was  about  18  g.  of  crystals,  some  slightly  impure.  The  melt- 
ing point  was  slightly  different  from  a  similar  compound  pre- 
pared by  Fischer,  but  the  other  properties  were  identical.  The 
compound  is  the  befa-monoglucoside.  The  realization  of  the 
synthesis  of  salicyl-glucoside  (orthoxybenzyl-glucoside)  in 
acetone  having  shown  that  this  liquid  offered  some  advantages 
for  biochemical  work,  the  attempt  was  made  to  prepare  other 
derivatives  of  benzyl  alcohol.  Ortho-methoxybenzyl-glucoside 
was  synthesized  by  the  action  of  emulsin  on  an  acetone  solution 
of  sugar  containing  methyl-saligenin  (orthoanisic  alcohol). 
After  3i  days  there  was  a  change  in  rotation  of  58  minutes 
to  the  left,  and  a  small  amount  of  a  crystalline  product  was 
isolated,  melting  at  127°.  Meta-nitrobenzyl-glucoside  was 
formed  by  a  similar  method,  using  meta-nitrobenzyl  alcohol. 
It  forms  straw-yellow  crystals.  The  para-methoxybenzyl- 
g'ucoside  was  also  prepared.  It  was  found  that  the  proportion 
of  glucose  which  combines  with  an  alcohol  increases  w-ith  the 
strength  of  the  alcohol,  and  that  if  several  alcohols  are  present, 
it  increases  with  the  number  of  molecules  of  each  alcohol.  The 
ortho  compound  has  a  very  bitter  taste,  while  that  of  the 
para  glucoside  is  only  slightly  bitter.  All  three  compounds  are 
hydrolyzed  by  emulsin,  and  by  dilute  sulphuric  acid,  but  do 
not  reduce  Fehling's  solution.  The  monoglucoside  of  glycol 
mentioned  above  is  the  beta  variety.  In  order  to  obtain  the 
alpha  compound,  alpha-glucosidase  was  used,  resulting  in  a 
fair  yield  of  substance.  To  obtain  the  alpha  or  beta  diglu- 
coside.  it  would  be  necessary  to  operate  in  the  presence  of  a 
large  excess  of  glucose;  to  use,  for  example,  at  least  six  times 
as  much  glucose  as  glycol,  an  operation  difficult  to  carry  out, 
since  on  account  of  the  concentration  of  the  sugar,  other  fer- 
ments might  enter  into  the  action.  It  is  probable  that  a 
diglucoside  which  is  alpha  in  one  function  and  beta  in  the 
other  could  be  formed  with  greater  facility.  (Bourquelot, 
Bridel,  Ludwig,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  pp.  383,  441,  514,  542.) 
Bismuthated  Oil  of  Vaseline — 

Because  of  the  cases  of  poisoning  sometimes  caused  by  the 
admin'stration  of  large  doses  of  bismuth  subnitrate,  due  ap- 
parently to  the  formation  of  nitrites  in  the  digestive  tract. 
Lion  proposed  to  wash  the  salt,  before  use,  with  large  quanti- 
ties of  water,  to  obtain  a  less  acid  compound.  He  also  sug- 
gested the  use  of  carbonate  or  oxide  of  bismuth,  but  these 
substances  are  unpleasant  to  take,  and  may  be  partially  dis- 
solved by  the  acid  of  the  stomach.  The  addition  of  vaseline 
oil  to  bismuth  salts  appears  to  obviate  these  difficulties.  If 
carbonate  of  bismuth  'is  carefully   triturated   with   oil   of  vase- 


line, to  obtain  a  uniform  mixture,  the  bismuth  salt  is  not 
attacked  by  hydrochloric  acid,  whether  of  5  per  cent,  strength 
or  concentrated,  cither  at  ordinary  temperature  or  at  37°. 
The  following  formula  is  therefore  suggested:  Bismuth  sub- 
nitrate,  washed  and  powdered,  20  g. ;  vaseline  oil,  for  internal 
use,  70  g. ;  pure  vaseline,  10  g.  The  subnitrate  can  be  replaced 
bv  the  carbonate,  and  sugar  and  aromatics  may  be  added. 
(Vicario,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  p.  458.) 
Determination  of  Organic  Iodine — 

One  g.  of  substance,  such  as  tlie  iodine-albumen  preparations, 
is  weighed  into  a  very  shallow  platinum  dish,  and  moistened' 
with  3  cc.  of  30  per  cent,  sodium  hydroxide  solution.  The 
mixture  is  allowed  to  stand  for  several  hours,  occasionally  being 
stirred  with  a  small  glass  rod.  Then  it  is  carefully  heated, 
until  the  mass  no  longer  swells  up,  after  which  tlie  heat  is 
increased  until  charring  is  complete.  It  is  not  necessary  to 
burn  off  all  the  carbon.  The  crucible  with  contents  is  then 
placed  in  a  beaker  containing  water  sufficient  to  cover  it,  and 
treated  after  a  few  hours  with  dilute  tartaric  acid  solution. 
The  object  of  the  weak  organic  acid  is  to  avoid  the  setting  free 
of  iodine,  which  is  apt  to  occur  when  inorganic  acids  are 
added  to  the  iodide.  The  crucible  is  then  removed  and  washed 
well,  and  2  or  3  cc.  of  dilute  sulphuric  acid  are  added.  Transfer 
the  whole  to  a  hnlf-Iiter  flask,  in  which  are  SO  cc.  of  pure 
carbon  disulphide,  and  set  the  iodine  free  with  a  few  drops  of 
sodium  nitrite  solution.  Shake  the  two  layers  together,  allow 
to  settle,  and  pour  off  the  aqueous  layer  into  another  flask, 
where  it  is  again  shaken  with  a  little  carbon  disulphide  and 
nitrite  solution.  Unite  the  two  violet  solutions,  and  wash  with 
two  portions  of  water,  which  will  also  remove  any  particles  of 
carbon  which  still  remain.  Fit  a  niter  of  moderate  size  in  a 
funnel,  and  wet  thoroughly  with  water.  On  it  pour  the  carbon 
disulphide  solution,  which  will  not  pass  through,  but  will  be 
freed  of  water.  Wash  a  few  times  with  distilled  water,  drain, 
and  then  perforate  the  filter,  allowing  the  solution  of  iodine 
to  run  into  a  flask,  where  it  is  titrated  with  decinormal  thiosul- 
phate  solution.    (Eckardt,  Pharm.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  441.) 

Specific  Test  for  Ethyl  Alcohol — 

From  25  to  100  cc.  of  the  sample  are  distilled  and  the  frac- 
tions between  60°  and  80°  collected  in  2  cc.  portions.  Higher 
alcohols,  if  present,  must  be  removed  before  distillation  by 
treating  the  sample  with  a  5  per  cent,  solution  of  alum  and 
shaking  with  a  small  quantity  of  benzene.  To  each  2  cc.  of 
distillate  are  added  2  cc.  of  iodine  solution  (12  g.  in  100  cc. 
of  ether),  and  after  standing  2  minutes,  4  cc.  of  potassium 
hydroxide  solution  (40  g.  in  100  cc.  of  water).  When  the 
solution  is  decolorized,  2  cc.  of  a  solution  of  1.2.4-dinitrotoluene 
(1.5  g.  in  200  cc.  of  a  mixture  of  1  part  carbon  disulphide 
and  2  parts  ether)  are  added  with  brisk  agitation.  In  the 
presence  of  ethyl  alcohol  a  play  of  colors  is  observed  in  the 
upper  layer,  which  eventually  becomes  an  intense  garnet  red. 
The  reaction  will  detect  ethyl  alcohol  in  the  distillate  at  a 
dilution  of  3  per  cent.,  and  is  not  affected  by  the  presence  o' 
methyl  alcohol,  acetone,  or  aldehyde.  (Toninelli.  Ann.  Chim. 
Analyt.,  1914,  p.  169;  through  J.  Soc.  Chem.  Ind.) 
Standardization  of  Papaya  Juice — 

The  following  modification  of  Sorensen's  test  is  proposed: 
Four  g.  of  casein  (Hammarsten's)  are  dissolved  in  100  cc.  of 
an  alkaline  solution  containing  4  cc.  of  normal  soda.  To  25  cc. 
of  this  solution  are  added  25  cc.  of  water  containing  0.1  g. 
of  dried  papaya  juice,  and  the  mixture  is  digested  in  an  in- 
cubator for  4  hours  at  37°.  To  20  cc.  of  the  liquid  are  added 
10  cc.  of  40  per  cent,  formaldehyde  solution,  neutralized  with 
dilute  soda.  The  mixture,  equivalent  to  0.04  g.  of  dried 
.  papaya  juice,  is  titrated  with  N/5  soda,  with  phenolphthalein 
as  indicator,  and  at  least  1  cc.  should  be  required  to  neutralize 
the  amino  acids  formed,  after  abstracting  the  amount  of  alkali 
required  by  a  blank  containing  no  papaya  juice.  Pure  dried 
Carica  papaya  should  give  no  reaction  with  starch,  nor  reduce 
Fehling's  solution  before  or  after  hydrolysis.  Four-hundredths 
of  a  g.  of  papain  forms  amino  acid  equivalent  to  0.45  cc.  of 
N/5  alkali,  while  0.02  g.  of  pancreatin,  tested  in  the  same  way, 
but  digested  only  one  hour,  should  require  at  least  2  cc.  of 
N/5  soda.    (Shelley,  Analyst,  1914,  p.  170;  through  Pharm.  J.) 

Transparent  Paper. 

White    wax    2  parts 

Absolute  alcohol   15  parts 

Ether    1   part 

Dissolve  and  pour  off  the  clear  solution. 


August,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


371 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  t^rescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  AXONVTiIOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department  from   non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if    not    out    of    print,    may    be    obtained    for   25    cents    each. 

Dewees'  Enunenagogue  Elixir. 
(G.E.J.) — "One  of  our  leading  physicians  has  frequently 
prescribed  'Dewees'  Emmenagogue  Elixir'  and  insists  that  the 
formula  is  in  One  of  the  te-xt-books.  We  have  searched  thor- 
oughly for  the  same  and  are  unable  to  locate  it.  We  are  quite 
sure  it  is  not  official.  We  will  appreciate  it  very  much  if  you 
will  furnish  us  with  the  formula." 

So  far  as  we  are  able  to  determine,  the  preparation  wanted 
is  "Dewees'  tincture  of  guaiac,"  a  formula  for  which  appears 
in  the  National  Formulary  imder  the  title  "Tinctura  Guaiaci 
Composita."  If  this  preparation  has  ever  been  classed  as  an 
"elixir,"  we  fail  to  find  it  so  recorded  in  any  literature  at  our 
command.  Dr.  Dewees  was  a  distinguished  obstetrician  of 
Philadelphia  where,  for  many 'years,  he  was  connected  with  the 
medical  staff  of  the  University  of  Pennsylvania.  He  died  in 
1841.  He  was  the  author  of  a  large  number  of  medical  works, 
his  "System  of  Midwifery"  and  his  "Treatise  on  the  Diseases 
of  Females"  being  listed  among  the  standard  works  for  special- 
ists in  gynecology  during  the  second  quarter  of  the  last  century. 
Guaiac  was  believed,  by  Dr.  Dewees,  to  e.xert  a  peculiar 
influence  over  the  uterus,  which  rendered  it  very  useful  both 
in  amenorrhoea  and  dysmenorrhosa,  and  he  employed  it  in  the 
form  of  a  special  tincture,  prepared  by  a  special  formula,  which 
will  be  found  in  his  'Treatise  on  the  Diseases  of  Females," 
1826  ed.,  page  81.  This  work  appeared  in  at  least  10  different 
editions,   the  last  we  have  record  of  being  issued  in   1854. 

The  present  N.F.  formula  follows  very  closely  that  originally 
given  by  Dewees,  which  is  as  follows: 

Powdered   resin   of   guaiacum 4  ounces 

Carbonate  of  sodium  or  potassium V/i  drams 

Powdered    pimento    1  ounce 

Diluted   alcohol    1  pint 

Digest  for  a  few  days.  .\dd  volatile  spirit  of  ammonia,  if 
required,  in  proportion  of  1  or  2  drams  to  each  4  ounces  of 
tincture.  "Highly  praised  in  idiopathic  amenorrhoea,  in  doses 
of  a  teaspoonful,  three  times  a  day,  in  milk  or  wine." 

We  are  quite  convinced  after  this  investigation  that  "Dewees' 
tincture  of  guaiac"  is  the  preparation  the  prescriber  has  in 
mind. 


Compounding    Difficulties. 
(F.T.,  Manila,  P.I.) — submits  the  following  prescriptions  in 
Spanish   and   which,    for   comment,    we   translate    into   English, 
thus: 

Sodiimi  bicarbonate    12.00 

Urotropin     4.00 

Hebnitol    6.00 

Salol     4.00 

Hot    water    1000.00  cc. 

Muc,  etc. 

However  combined,  the  helmitol  (hexamethylenamine  methy- 
lencitrate)  will  be  decomposed  by  the  sodium  bicarbonate 
with  the  liberation  of  formaldehyde,  a  reaction  that  is  likely  to 
be  accelerated  in  the  presence  of  hot  water,  and  which,  in  this 
mstance,  also  tends  to  decompose  the  sodium  bicarbonate  into 
sodium  carbonate.  It  is  also  possible  that  in  the  presence  of 
this  sodium  carbonate  and  the  hot  water  the  salol  may  be 
saponified,  forming  a  salicylate  and  carbolic  acid  (phenol). 
This  reaction  is  quite  likely  to  occur,  especially  if  any  great 
degree  of  heat  be  employed.  In  the  cold  1  part  of  salol  re- 
quires 2333  parts  of  water  to  effect  solution,  so  that  in  any 
event  a  clear  solution  cannot  be  made  from  the  prescription  as 
written.     Of  course,  it  is  possible  to  emulsify  the  salol  or  hold 


it  in  suspension  by  the  aid  of  compound  powder  of  tragacanth 
or  other  emulsifying  agent,  but  even  this  method  will  not 
prohibit  the  reactions  above  mentioned. 

(2) 

Creosotal  6.00 

Elixir   eupeptic    150.00 

(Note  by  F.T. ;  "This  elixir  contains  400  cc.  of  white  wine 
in  each  1200  cc.  of  finished  product,  which  also  contains  simple 
syrup,  ferments,  etc.,  in  solution.") 

First  rub  the  creosotal  with  an  equal  weight  of  pow'dered 
gum  acacia,  and  after  thoroughly  triturating,  add  drop  by  drop 
enough  water  to  make  the  mixttire  turn  white.  To  this  mix- 
ture add  more  water,  incorporating  it  well  until  the  mixture 
measures  about  50  cc. ;  then  slowly  introduce  the  elixir  imtil 
the  proposed  volume  is  reached.  Of  course,  this  means  that 
the  volume  of  water  employed  must  be  used  for  part  of  the 
elixir  prescribed;  in  other  words,  in  order  to  produce  a  satis- 
factory emulsion,  some  water  must  be  used,  and  the  quantity 
so  employed  should  be  deducted  from  the  prescribed  elixir. 
In  place  of  powdered  acacia,  compound  powder  of  tragacanth, 
B.P.,  may  be  employed  with  even  better  results. 

Trade-mark  Protection. 

(W.C.G.) — The  plan  followed  by  most  manufacturers  of 
proprietary  articles  who  wish  to  keep  their  trade  secrets  to 
themselves,  is  to  obtain  trade-mark  protection  by  making  ap- 
plication to  the  United  States  Patent  Office  for  the  registra- 
tion of  their  particular  trade-marks  under  the  laws  provided 
therefor.  As  generally  defined,  a  trade-mark  is  any  sign,  mark, 
symbol,  word  or  words  which  indicate  the  origin  or  ownership 
of  an  article  as  distinguished  from  its  quality,  and  which 
others  have  not  the  equal  right  to  employ  for  the  same  pur- 
pose. In  its  strictest  sense,  it  is  applicable  only  to  a  vendible 
article  of  merchandise  to  which  it  is  affixed.  The  fee  charged 
by  the  Patent  Office,  under  the  law,  for  registering  a  trade- 
mark is  $10.  This  does  not  include  the  attorney's  fee,  which 
must  be  paid  by  the  applicant.  If  registered,  the  certificate  of 
registration  remains  in  force  for  20  years,  and  it  may  be 
renewed,  upon  expiration,  for  like  periods  of  20  years,  upon 
payment  of  a  renewal  fee  of  $10. 

As  the  initial  move  in  attempting  to  gain  this  protection,  it 
would  be  well  for  you  to  write  to  th'e  Commissioner  of  Patents, 
Washington,  D .  C,  requesting  the  necessary  blanks  for  such 
application  and  a  copy  of  the  regulations  and  necessary  in- 
structions to  be  followed.  These,  we  believe,  are  sent  to  every 
applicant,  and  from  them  you  can  get  a  working  idea  of  just 
what  should  be  done  in  the  matter.  As  a  rule,  most  appli- 
cants find  it  necessary  to  call  to  their  aid  the  ser\'ices  of  a 
competent  and  reliable  attorney  who  makes  a  spesialty  of  such 
practice,  and  this  is  what  we  should  advise  for  you  to  do 
should  you  decide  to  take  out  such  protection.  Unless  your 
preparation  is  a  new  and  definite  chemical  compound  or  is 
made  by  a  new  process — not  a  mixture  of  substances  or  drugs — 
it  is  not  likely  that  you  could  get  it  patented.  In  fact,  there 
are  but  few  real  patented  medicines  on  the  market,  and  these 
are  definite  chemical  compounds  whose  composition  is  well 
known.  The  attorney  you  employ  should  be  able  to  advise  you 
on  this  point. 

Foot    Cream. 
(W.S.) — We    know    of   no    satisfactory    formula    under   this 
title,   most  of  the   applications  for  tender  and  sore  feet   being 
preferably  in  the  form  of  powders.    However,  here  is  a  formula 
for  a  preparation  in  liquid  form : 

Powdered   alum    1   ounce 

Spirit   of  camphor 1  ounce 

Carbolic   acid    60  grains 

Oil    of   cloves 15  minims 

.Alcohol    6  ounces 

Water    8  ounces 

Dissolve  the  alum  in  the  water,  add  the  spirit  of  camphor, 
carbolic  acid  and  oil  of  cloves  dissolved  in  the  alcohol.  Mix 
the  two  solutions  and  use  as  a  bath,  letting  it  dry  on  the  feet. 


THE    PIIAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


Bismuth   Subnitrate   and   Sodium   Bicarbonate. 

(J.H.N/i — "Will  you  please  explain  tliiough  the  Question 
Box  the  exact  nature  of  the  imompatibility,  both  therapeutic 
and  chemical,  between  b.sniuth  subnitrate  and  sodium  bicarbo- 
nate? What  change  occurs  when  they  together  come  in  con- 
tact with  the  gastric  juices?" 

While  the  change  which  takes  place  when  bismuth  sub- 
nitrate is  combined  with  sodium  bicarbonate  is  termed  a 
"chemical  incompatibility,"  there  is  no  "therapeutic  incom- 
patibility," in  the  sense  of  an  antagonism  of  physiological 
action,  or  of  one  of  llie  substances  being  an  antidote 
to  the  other  —  a  combination  usually  forbidden  by  all 
the  laws  of  eflTective  prescribing.  The  reaction  whicli  takes 
place  when  the  two  substances  are  brought  together  is  thus 
represented:  2BiON03+2XaHC03=  (BiO),CO,-|-2NaNO,+ 
COj-rHjO,  the  carbonic  acid  gas  being  evolved. 

You  do  not  inform  us  whether  these  substances  are  to  be 
compounded  in  the  form  of  powders  or  that  they  are  to  con- 
stitute part  of  a  liquid  mixture.  But  even  if  the  sodium 
bicarbonate  be  in  solution,  the  reaction  is  sometimes  very  slow; 
if  it  does  not  occur  in  compounding  the  prescription,  it  is  apt 
to  take  place  after  the  mixture  is  sent  out.  Some  dispensers 
recommend  the  use  of  bismuth  subcarbonate  instead  of  the 
subnitrate,  but  this  is  hardy  allowable.  A  good  plan  is  to  place 
the  subnitrate  and  the  bicarbonate  in  a  mortar  and  pour  a 
little  boiling  water  upon  them,  when  effervescence  will  take 
place  immediately.  If  the  mixed  powders  be  taken  into  the 
mouth  in  dry  form  and  swallowed,  the  reaction  will  begin  to 
take  place  as  soon  as  they  come  in  contact  with  the  saliva  or 
with  the  liquids  of  the  stomach.  Just  how  much  the  reaction 
would  be  modified  by  the  gastric  juices  would  be  a  debatable 
question.  According  to  Cushny,  bismuth  subnitrate  passes 
through  the  stomach  and  intestine  for  the  most  part  unab- 
sorbed.  It  gives  the  stools  a  black  color,  which  is  generally 
believed  to  be  due  to  the  forination  of  the  sulphide  of  bismuth, 
but  which  Quincke  ascribes  to  the  reduction  of  the  subnitrate 
in  the  intestine.  Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  the  books  give 
the  combination  of  these  two  substances  as  a  pronounced  ex- 
ample of  "chemical  incompatibility,"  yet  the  mixture  is  one 
not  infrequently  prescribed  by  physicians  for  internal  adminis- 
tration. 


Powder  for  the  Feet:  Pyorrhea  Remedy. 
(Denverado) — "Will  you  please  publish  formulas  for  a  good 
foot  pov.-der  containing  alum,  boric  acid,  talc,  zinc  in  some 
form,  and  eucalyptol?  Also  give  me  a  formula  for  a  wrinkle- 
removing  cream,  and  a  formula  for  a  good  pyorrhea  remedy, 
something  that  will  come  as  near  to  curing  as  possible?" 

Typical  formulas  for  various  kinds  of  dusting  powder  for 
the  feet  may  be  found  in  the  Er.\  Formulary.  The  following 
formula   conforms  very   closely   to  your  specifications: 

Zinc  oleate,  powdered 1  ounce 

Boric  acid,   powdered 2  ounces 

French    chalk,    powdered 3  ounces 

Eucalyptol    1  dram 

Mix  and  use  as  a  dusting  powder.  A  little  alum  powdered 
may  be  incorporated,  if  desired. 

Wrinkle    Removing    Cream. 

White   petrolatum    7  ounces 

Paraffin  wax   I/2  ounce 

Lanolin     2  ounces 

Water    3  fl.  ounces 

Vanillin     2  grains 

Oil   of   rose 3  drops 

.\lcohol    1   fl.  dram 

Melt  the  paraffin  wa.x,  add  the  lanolin  and  petrolatum,  and 
when  these  have  melted,  pour  the  mixture  into  a  warm  mortar 
and,  with  constant  stirring,  incorporate  the  water.  When 
nearly  cold,  add  the  oil  of  rose  and  vanillin  previously  dis- 
solved in  a  little  alcohol.  Preparations  of  this  kind  should 
be  rubbed  into  the  skin  vigorously,  as  friction  assists  the 
absorbed  fat  in  developing  the  muscles  and  also  imparts  soft- 
ness and   fulness  to  the  skin. 

Without  other  qualification,  the  term  pyorrhea  is  employed 
to  designate  a  chronic  destructive  disease  of  the  supporting 
structures  of  the  human  tooth  (Pyorrhoea  alveolaris),  the  pre- 
disposing causes  being  due  to  the  lack  of  maintenance  of  proper 
hygiene  and  excessive  irregularities  and  malocclusion  of  the 
teeth.  The  local  exciting  causes  are  the  presence  of  inorganic 
and   organic   deposits   containing   pyogenic   bacteria,    and    lodg- 


ment of  food  in  the  interproximal  spaces.  The  symptoms  of 
the  disease  are  not  always  uniform  in  all  individuals,  and  the 
condition  needs  the  services  of  a  competent  dentist.  Some 
authorities  regard  the  complete  removal  of  tartar  as  a  principal 
clement  of  success,  an  hour  or  more  in  some  cases  being  needed 
to  cleanse  one  tooth.  Equally  important  is  the  destruction  of 
the  pockets  which  run  up  alongside  the  teeth  and  which  have 
been  formed  by  the  destruction  of  the  bony  alveolus.  Antiseptic 
mouth  washes  are  also  recommended,  along  with  a  tightening 
up  of  all  loose  teeth.  We  should  advise  consultation  with  a 
competent  dentist. 


Emulsion    of    Petrolattun. 

(Dispenser) — There  are  other  formulas  for  preparing  emul- 
sion of  petrolatum  than  that  in  the  National  Formulary,  and 
while  we  append  three  of  these  in  response  to  your  request, 
we  believe  that  for  the  sake  of  uniformity,  you  should  use  the 
one  recommended  by  the  N.F.,  page  53.  Here  are  the 
formulas : 

(1) 

Liquid  petrolatum    6  ounces 

Condensed   milk    3  ounces 

Syrup    3  ounces 

Cinnamon    water    4  ounces 

Lime   water    4  ounces 

Rub  the  liquid  petrolatum  with  the  condensed  milk  in  a 
mortar  and  add,  first  the  lime  water,  then  the  cinnamon  water, 
and  lastly,  the  syrup ;  rubbing  them  well  together  to  form  an 
emulsion.  What  is  known  as  mineral  glycerin,  glymol,  albolene, 
glycoleum,  etc.,  forms  of  petrolatum,  may  be  used  for  making 
this  emulsion.     (Fenner's   Formulary.) 

(2) 

Liquid  petrolatum   4  ounces 

Oil  of  sweet  almond 2  ounces 

Powdered    acacia    1  ^  ounces 

Glycerin    lYz  ounces 

Sodium  hypophosphite    128  grains 

Calcium    hypophosphite    128  grains 

Lime   water    4  ounces 

Water,  enough  to  make 16  fl.  ounces 

Mix  the  oil  and  petrolatum  and  incorporate  well  with  the 
acacia,  then  add  25/2  fl.  ounces  of  water  all  at  once,  and  stir 
briskly  until  an  emulsion  is  formed.  Dissolve  the  hypophos- 
phites  in  3  fl.  ounces  of  lime  water,  mix  with  the  preceding 
liquid,  then  add  the  glycerin,  the  remainder  of  the  lime  water, 
and  enough  water  to  make  16  fl.  ounces.  This  contains  25  per 
cent,  of  liquid  petrolatum  and  1  grain  each  of  the  hypophos- 
phites  in  each  fl.  dram  of  the  emulsion.     (Er.\   Formulary.) 

(3) 

Liquid   paraffin    (B.P.) 6  fl.  ounces 

Calcium    hypophosphite    160  grains 

Sodium  hypophosphite    160  grains 

Gum  acacia,   in  powder 3  ounces 

Tragacanth.    in    powder 120  grains 

Oil   of   cinnamon 20  minims 

Elixir   of   gluside 32  minims 

Distilled  water,   enough  to  make 20  fl.  ounces 

Triturate  the  liquid  paraffin  and  the  oil  of  cinnamon  with 
the  powdered  gums,  and  add  all  at  once,  5  fl.  ounces  of  dis- 
tilled water.  Dissolve  the  hypophosphites  in  6  fl.  ounces  of 
distilled  water,  and  add  the  solution  to  the  paraffin  emulsion 
with  constant  trituration;  finally  add  the  elixir  of  gluside  and 
dilute  with  sufficient  distilled  water  to  produce  the  required 
volume.     (British   Pharmaceutical   Codex   Formulary.) 

Carbon  Paper. 

There  are  many  formulas  extant  for  the  manufacture  of 
carbon  paper,  says  the  London  Chemist  and  Druggist,  but  the 
following  illustrates  the  modern   practice: 

Deep  black,   ground  in  turpentine J^  pound 

Graphite   14  pound 

.Aniline-oil    black    54  ounce 

Soft   paraffin    254  pounds 

Hard   paraffin    J^  pound 

Soft  soap    2  ounces 

The  last  three  ingredients  are  melted  together,  the  colors 
stirred,  and  the  mass  ground  in  a  paint  mill  until  perfectly 
smooth.  This  and  the  subsequent  spreading  on  paper  should 
take  place  while  the  composition  is  warm. 


August.  1914] 


THE    PIIAR.MACEUTICAL    ERA 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 

A  Fragrant  Talk  —  Promoting  the  Sales  of  Perfumery  —  A  Talk  by  the  Editor. 


An  Ancient   and  Honorable   Art   Whose  Products  and   Odors 
Gratify  the  Esthetic  Sense— The  Trade  Worth-While. 

IT    is   a    difficult    matter    to    become    enthusiastic    over    the 
handling  or  sale  of  any  article  concerning  the  origin,  manu- 
facture,   and    use   of   which   we   are    ignorant.      Knowledge 
begets  appreciation,  and  enthusiasm  is  the  child  of  appreciation. 

The  woman  pharmacist,  of  course,  will  enjoy  handling  and 
making  an  occasional  sale  of  perfume.  That  these  richly 
labeled  bottles  carry  within  their  crystal  forms  the  product  of 
an  exceedingly  ancient  and  honorable  art  may  not  always  be 
remembered ;  or  that  other  people  can  be  educated  in  the  history 
and  use  of  perfumes,  thus  increasing  the  aggregate  sales  most 
materially  to  a  constantly  growing  and  appreciative  public. 
Perhaps  we  do  not  know  very  much  about  perfumes,  but  "The 
next  thing  to  knowing  a  thing  is  knowing  where  you  can  find 
it."  So  if  the  pharmacist  desires  to  become  conversant  with 
this  art  she  can  scarcely  do  better  than  to  procure  a  standard 
book,  such  as  "Perfumes  and  Their  Preparation,"  by  Askinson, 
"The  Art  of  Perfumery,"  by  Piesse,  or  any  one  of  a  dozen 
interesting  and  illuminating  books  on  the  subject. 

It  is  indeed  an  unusual  person  who  does  not  enjoy  the  fresli 
fragrance  of  beautiful  flowers  or  a  faint  whiff  of  a  rare  per- 
fume. Nature  has  given  us  the  sense  of  smell  for  both  our 
own  protection  and  enjoyment  and  furnished  many  delightful 
natural  odors  to  gratify  the  esthetic  sense. 

The  art  of  perfumery  is  a  very  ancient  one.  Among  the 
nations  of  earliest  antiquity  offerings  of  delicate  odors  were 
made  as  a  token  of  respect  and  loyalty.  The  burning  of 
incense  which  gave  forth  rich  perfumes  was  a  practice  of  both 
Pagan  and  Hebrew  rituals.  Again  and  again  this  practice  is 
referred  to  in  the  Bible,  also  the  giving  of  precious  ointments 
highly  perfumed.  The  Greeks  and  the  Romans  learned  the  use 
of  the  stil!  from  the  Egyptians  and  applied  it  to  the  manu- 
facture of  their  perfumes. 

Perfumes  are  a  luxury,  but  one  in  which  people  indulge, 
nevertheless.  As  may  be  seen  from  the  fact  that  the  great 
center  of  the  perfume  industry  located  in  Grasse,  France,  is 
said  to  use  in  these  factories  the  product  of  5,500,000  pounds 
of  orange  blossoms,  4,400,000  pounds  of  roses,  400,000  pounds 
of  jasmine,  and  330,000  pounds  each  of  violets,  cassia,  tube- 
roses,  are  consumed   in  their  annual   output. 

Turkey,  Bulgaria,  Arabia,  India  and  Syria  all  engage  largely 
in  the  culture  of  flowers  for  this  purpose.  Even  in  our  own 
United  States  there  are  upwards  of  300  establishments  engaged 
in   the    manufacture   of   perfumery   and    perfumed   cosmetics. 

The  buyer  of  perfumes  should  understand  clearly  whether 
the  odors  purchased  are  natural  or  artificial.  Natural  per- 
fumes are  either  of  animal  or  of  vegetable  origin.  Artificial 
or  synthetic  perfumes  are  chemical  compounds  prepared  to 
imitate  natural  odors  or  substances  derived  from  the  by- 
products of  other  manufacturers. 

The  prices,  lasting  quality,  and  the  delicacy  of  many  per- 
fumes can  be  explained  satisfactorily  to  a  customer  if  the  one 
who  sells  knows  whereof  she  speaks.  It  is  important  to  sell 
intelligently  as  well  as  to  buy  intelligently — to  understand  the 
nature  of  the  volatile  oils  used  and  tests  for  purity ;  to  under- 
stand the  effect  of  proper  and  improper  storage,  of  light  and 
heat;  to  be  able  to  explain  the  use  of  and  if  necessary  to 
compound  dry  or  sachet  perfumes. 

The  sale  of  fumigating  essences,  pastilles,  powders,  etc.,  will 
become  intensely  interesting  if  the  art  of  making  these  goods  is 
understood.  Dentifrices,  mouth  waters,  etc.,  become  popular 
or  unpopular  as  their  fragrance  and  flavor  is  agreeable  or  dis- 
agreeable and  the  same  holds  true  in  large  measure  of  hair 
pomades,  hair  oils  and  hair  tonics. 

The  sales  of  perfumes  are  more  readily  increased  through 
demonstration  than  perhaps  by  any  other  means.  For  this 
reason  the  atomizer  on  the  show  case,  the  perfumed  blotter, 
the  sample  sachet,    the   tiny   gift   vial,   the   perfumed   handker- 


chief, etc.,  are  all  excellent  means.  The  expense  is  the  only 
drawback.  Consequently  samples  of  all  kinds  must  be  given 
out  with  great  discrimination  and  not  allowed  to  fall  into  the 
hands  of  those  who  are  not  likely  to  become  customers. 

Brief  newspaper  talks  on  perfumes,  artificial  and  natural, 
will  explain  why  some  competitors  are  able  to  sell  an  inferior 
product  at  a  lower  price  and  will  serve  as  a  means  of  public 
education.  The  annual  sales  of  perfume  in  every  retail  drug 
store  should  aggregate  a  considerable  amount.  If,  however, 
this  amount  is  divided  up  per  capita  among  the  store's  frac- 
tional part  of  the  population,  it  will  be  found  to  be  sur- 
prisingly small  in  most  cases. 

Where  systematic  work  is  done  from  year  to  year  the  per- 
fumery trade  may  be  largely  increased.  The  profits  are  satis- 
factory ;  the  goods  are  pleasant  to  handle ;  the  trade  is  worth- 
while. 


An  Iowa  Prize  Winner. 


IOW.'\  is  not  as  yet  over-supplied  with  women  pharmacists, 
but  those  who  have  elected  this  calling  are  doing  notable 
work. 

Miss  Edna  Becker,  of  Davenport,  Iowa,  is  a  recent  graduate 
from  the  University  of  Illi- 
nois School  of  Pharmacy, 
having  distinguished  herself 
from  the  rank  and  file  of  the 
average  student  by  winning 
the  prize  microscope  for  ex- 
cellence  in  materia   medica. 

Miss  Becker  was  born  at 
Maquoketa,  Iowa,  April  5, 
1892.  She  made  that  city  her 
home  until  her  graduation 
from  High  School  in  1909, 
Her  early  ambition  was  to  be 
a  nurse,  but  graduating  at  the 
age  of  17,  she  was  too  young 
to  enter  for  training  in  that 
line.  While  awaiting  her  18th 
birthday,  a  position  in  the 
Red  Cross  pharmacy  of  Da- 
venport was  offered  her,  and, 
thinking  this  work  would  ac- 
quaint her  with  medicines  and 

medical  terms,  she  accepted.  This  ended  the  prospect  of  her 
career  as  a  nurse  for  she  became  so  interested  in  pharmacy 
that  she  decided  to  specialize  in  the  work.  Her  determination 
w-as  still  further  strengthened  by  the  advice  of  interested 
friends  among  nurses  and  physicians. 

Miss  Becker  entered  the  University  of  Illinois  School  of 
Pharmacy  and  thoroughly  enjoyed  her  college .  course.  Upon 
her  graduation  she  returned  to  Davenport  and  resumed  the 
duties  of  her  former  position.  In  fact,  her  entire  practical 
experience  has  been  gained  in  the  Red  Cross  pharmacy,  where 
she  has  assumed   many  responsible  duties. 

The  store  in  question,  Kistenmacher's,  is  strictly  a  drug 
store,  not  carrying  departmental  side-lines.  This  gives  Miss 
Becker  excellent  experience  in  prescription  and  pharmaceutical 
work.  As  this  is  her  preference,  she  is  most  happily  located. 
Her  business  training  is  not  being  neglected,  as  she  does  much 
of  the  buying.     The  work  which   falls  to  her  lot  is  congenial. 

Miss  Becker  says  enthusiastically: 

"I  am  beginning  to  think  a  drug  store  is  about  the  finest 
kind  of  a  place  to  work.  I  only  wish  there  were  more  girls 
in  this  field,  I  seem  to  be  about  the  only  one  in  this  part  of 
the  State  and  it's  a  bit  lonely  to  think  of. 

"'However,  since  physicians  are  becoming  broader-minded  in 
the^r  attitude  toward  lady  pharmacists,   perhaps  in   the   course 


Miss   Becker 


374 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


of  a  few  years  there  will  be  a  greater  percen'age  of  girls.  I 
hope  so,  for  I  know  a  girl  is  just  as  capable  and  just  as 
reliable  as  any  man. 

"Of  course,  though,  my  employer  S3\"s :  '.\  girl  cannot  be 
depended  on  too  much,  for  she  may  choose  to  marry  and 
become  lost  to  the  drug  business.  While  matrimony  for  a  young 
man  causes  him  to  stick  closer.'  Ol  course  I  cannot  agree  with 
him  there — as  yet." 

Miss  Becker  possesses  the  elements  of  success — youth,  love 
of  her  work,  industrj-  and  enthusiasm.  Married  or  single,  the 
world  is  richer  for  such  women. 


Mrs.   Marie  Blahnik. 

MRS.  M.\RIE  BL.\HMK  died  Wednesday,  April  22, 
W14,  at  her  home,  1225  S.  Harding  avenue,  Chicago. 
She  was  bom  in  Christov,  Bohemia.  Some  40  yea.s 
ago  she  came  to  .\merica,  and  while  she  always  remained  true 
to  Bohemia,  she  was  a  most  loyal  American  citizen  and  dearly 

loved  her  adopted  country  and 
all  the  activity  and  progress 
for  which  it  stands. 

She  was  one  of  the  oldest 
druggists,  in  years  of  senice, 
in  the  city  of  Chicago.  In 
the  years  when  women  phar- 
macists were  almost  unheard 
of,  Mrs.  Blahnik  was  suc- 
cessfully conducting  a  store 
of  her  own  on  West  ISth 
street,  which  place  continued 
in  her  possession  until  the 
time  of  her  death,  although 
for  some  years  past  she  has 
not  taken  an  active  part  be- 
hind the  counter. 

She  was  a  modest,  womanly 

woman,   "true  as  steel,"   kind 

to  every  one,  ever  ready  and 

Mrs.    BlAHJiTK.  anxious     to     lend     a     helping 

hand     where     assistance     was 

needed.     She  had  many,  many  friends,  among  both  Bohemians 

and  Americans.     "Those  who  knew  her  best,  loved  her  best," 

could  be  said  most  truly  of  Mrs.  Blahnik. 

She  was  for  many  years  a  member  of  the  I. Ph. A.,  the 
A. Ph. A.,  the  C.R.D.A.,  and  N.A.R.D.,  and  the  Chicago 
Chapter  of  the  W'.O.N..\.R.D.  For  years  she  was  honorary 
president  of  the  W.Ph..\.  and  many  times,  in  her  own  true 
hospitable  manner,  entertained  the  members  in  her  home. 

Her  death  was  sudden — being  serene  and  peaceful  as  she 
had  made  her  life.  Her  loss  will  be  keenly  felt,  not  only  in 
her  own  home  and  among  her  own  people,  but  by  a  very  large 
circle  of  friends. 

Resolutions  of  the   Woman's  Pharmaceutical  Association: 
Whzre.\s,  It  has  pleased  our  Heavenly  Father  to  call  our 
much  beloved  Mrs.  Blahnik  to  her  long,  last  Home,  and, 

Where.\S,  In  answer  to  this  call,  her  family  has  sustained 
an  inestimable  loss;  the  pharmaceutical  profession  has  been 
deprived  of  a  most  able  disciple  and  ardent  devotee,  and  the 
women  pharmacists  a  staunch  support,  an  enthusiastic  inspirer, 
and  a  most  sincere  friend;  and 

WBtEML^s,  In  her  removal  the  Woman's  Pharmaceutical  .As- 
sociation has  lost  a  much  cherished  and  dearly  beloved  honorary 
president,  and  each  member  a  true,  personal  friend; 

Tlierefore,  Be  It  Resoked,  That  we  submissively  bow  to  the 
will  of  the  Divine  Power;  and  also,         ' 

Be  It  Resolved,  That  the  Woman's  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation e.xpresses  sincere  sorrow  at  this  great  community  loss 
and  extends  heartfelt  sympathies  to  the  bereaved  family ;  and,  also. 
Be  It  Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  these  resolutions  be  presented 
to  the  family;  that  they  be  spread  upon  the  records  of  the 
association;  and  that  copies  be  sent  to  the  pharmaceutical 
journals. 


A  Promising  Student. 

MISS  HELEN  F.  ROUDIN,  of  Brooklj-n,  New  York,  is 
one  of  the  most  promising  women  students  of  the  New 
York  College  of  Pharmacy.  Miss  Roudin  is  still  young 
in  years,  having  graduated  with  honors  from  the  Brooklyn 
high  school  in  1913.  Having  a  strong  leaning  toward  phar- 
macy, she  entered  her  chosen 
college  the  following  Fall  and 
at  the  close  of  the  school  year 
of  1914,  was  awarded  first 
prize  for  general  excellence  ia 
scholarship,  her  average  being 
'U.OS  per  cent.  She  is  the 
first  woman  student  to  receive 
first  prize  in  this  scholarship 
test. 

Congratulations  have  poured 
in  upon  this  young  lady,  and 
her  future  career  will  be 
watched  with  great  interest. 
History  will  be  made  in  phar- 
macy in  the  next  few  years, 
and  Miss  Roudin  is  sure  to 
do  her  part  with  credit  to  her- 
self, her  sisters  in  the  pro- 
fession, and  her  alma  mater. 
In  Miss  Roudin's  experi- 
ence study  is  required  to  pass 
all  of  the  branches  necessary  for  the  phjirmacist,  but  she  found 
the  work  so  interesting  as  to  be  thoroughly  enjoyable.  In  her 
experience  she  met  no  opposition  from  any  quarter.  On  the 
contrary,  she  found  that  girls  are  treated  with  the  utmost 
respect,  courtesy,  and  consideration  by  both  the  faculty  and 
the  students.  In  the  past  year,  out  of  the  three  class  officers 
elected  by  the  juniors  two  were  girls.  Miss  Roudin  is  very 
fond  of  physiologv',  although  all  her  studies  were  a  joy  to  her. 
Her  reason  for  taking  up  pharmacy  is  that  her  father  is  a 
pharmacist,  also  to  have  a  profession  which  will  be  of  use  to 
her  if  she  should  ever  need  to  earn  a  living,  for  this  young 
lady  is  thoroughly  convinced  that  women  should  be  as  fully 
prepared  for  life  as  men  and  that  any  girl  who  has  the 
opportunity  to  fit  herself  for  some  trade  or  profession  should 
do  so.  Miss  Roudin's  attitude  toward  her  work  and  toward 
life  is  thoroughly  sane  and  sensible. 


It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  Youngstown  Chapter  of  the 
W.O.N..\.R.D.  has  given  special  attention  to  the  Florence 
Crittenton  Home.  This  is  a  case  where  bread  cast  upon  the 
waters  has  returned  after  many  years.  Mr.  Crittenton,  the 
gentleman  who  founded  this  series  of  homes  in  memory  of  his 
<hiughter,  was  a  wholesale  druggist. 


Miss    ROCDIN 


ECHOES    FROM    THE    FIELD. 


Mrs.  Caroline  Wetterstroem,  of  Cincinnati,  has  just  passed 
the  Ohio  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  making  a  general  average  of 
86  per  cent.  This  is  said  to  be  the  highest  taken  at  this 
examination  from  the  city  of  Cincinnati,  a  young  man  from 
Dajton,  Ohio,  making  the  high  average  mark  of  96J4  per 
cent.  Mrs.  Wetterstroem  was  one  of  the  students  of  the 
Queen  City  College  of  Pharmacy. 


The  Kentucky  Druggist  of  June  carries  a  very  interesting 
article  on  "Simday  Closing."  The  stumbling  block  in  the 
minds  of  many  seems  to  be  the  idea  of  losing  52  days  in  the 
year  in  total  or  in  part,  but  the  article  argues  rightly  that 
many  of  these  sales  would  be  made  anyway  on  Saturday  or 
Monday  and  that  better  work  would  be  done  all  through  the 
week  because  of  the  opportunit>'  for  rest. 


There  are  women  pharmacists  serving  with  skill  and  faith- 
fulness in  religious  institutions  which  do  not  favor  publicity 
for  any  of  their  workers.  Sister  Inez  Marie,  of  Convent 
Station,  New  Jersey,  writes  that  she  is  well  acquainted  with 
The  PH.\RM.\CEUTia\L  Era  and  each  month  reads  with  great 
interest  the  pages  devoted  to  "Women  in  Pharmacy,"  and  that 
much  as  she  would  like  to  co-operate  in  this  monthly  round 
table  conference,  because  of  her  obligations  she  prefers  to 
remain  a  hidden  member  of  our  company.  We  send  kindest 
thoughts  to  these  women  who  are  our  sisters  in  very  truth. 


The  programmes  arranged  for  the  Philadelphia  meeting  of 
the  N.A.R.D.  and  the  W.O.N..\.R.D.  are  most  attractive. 
Those  who  save  their  vacations  for  the  week  of  the  17th  of 
August  will  be  splendidly  rewarded. 


\wmmrAiiwiv^*yi'&i^M'i^iA^imii'^&'»^^^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


New  Dean  for  North   Pacihc. 


PROFESSOR  CLARE^XE  il.  McKELLIPS,  after  many 
years  of  ser\ice  as  dean  of  the  Course  in  Pharmacy, 
Oregon  State  Agricultural  College  at  Corvallis,  has  re- 
signed to  become  the  head  of  the  department  of  pharmacy  of 
North  Pacific  College  located  at  Portland.  He  is  a  native  of 
Indiana,  where  he  was  born  in  1868 
and  where  he  was  early  inducted  into 
the  mysteries  of  the  drug  business.  He 
later  entered  the  School  of  Pharmacy, 
Purdue  University,  and  after  graduation 
as  a  Ph.C.  in  the  class  of  1896,  he 
took  a  post-graduate  course  and  became 
an  instructor  in  that  institution.  In 
1898  he  went  to  Oregon  State  Agricul- 
tural College  as  professor  of  pharmacy. 
As  noted  in  the  June  Era,  he  has 
arranged  to  go  abroad  where  he  will 
put  in  the  Summer  months  visiting 
pharmaceutical  educational  institutions 
in  France,  Germany  and  Great  Britain 
and  studying  European  methods  pre- 
paratory to  beginning  his  new  duties  on 
Oct.  1.     North  Pacific  College  has  just 

strengthened  its  curriculum  by  the  establishment  of  a  new 
three-year  course  with  the  Fall  term  and  leading  to  a  new 
degree.  He  is  a  member  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical 
Association  and  has  been  an  active  worker  for  the  educational 
uplift  of  pharmacists  in  the  Beaver  State. 


C.    M.    McKr.T.T.iTS 


New  N.  Y.  B.  P.  Member. 


DR.  JACOB  DINER,  professor  in  pharmacy  and  phar- 
maceutical chemistry  at  Fordham  University  College  of 
Pharmacy,  and  at  one  time  proprietor  of  two  pharmacies 
in  this  city,  was  appointed  a  member  of  the  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy  at  the  recent  June  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Regents. 
Dr.  Diner  is  known  in  National  as  well 
as  local  drug-trade  circles,  having  been 
active  for  many  j'ears  as  a  member  of 
the  N.A.R.D.,  on  the  e.xecutive  com- 
mittee of  which  he  did  efficient  work; 
the  A. Ph. A.,  especially  as  a  member  of 
the  New  York  branch ;  the  New  York 
College  of  Pharmacy,  the  Metropolitan 
-Association  of  Retail  Druggists,  the 
German  Apothecaries'  Society  and  the 
New  York  State  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation. 

Dr.  Diner  was  bom  near  Koenigs- 
burg,  Germany,  44  years  ago.  He  was 
educated  at  the  Altstaedtische  Gymna- 
sium and  began  his  pharmaceutical 
career  in  1884,  at  the  age  of  14,  as  an 
apprentice  to  Dr.  Doerrenberg,  in  Stras- 
bourg. After  completing  his  apprenticeship  he  went  to  the 
Universit}-  of  Strasbourg,  where  he  sat  under  Dr.  Flueckiger, 
the  famous  lecturer.  He  received  the  degree  of  "apotheker"  in 
1892  and  one  month  after  his  graduation  came  to  the  United 


Dr.  J.  Diner 


States.  Dr.  Diner's  first  venture  in  the  retail  drug  business 
was  made  at  112  Manhattan  street,  his  second  at  St.  Nicholas 
avenue  and  126th  street.  Only  a  little  over  a  year  ago  Dr. 
Diner  received  his  degree  of  M.D.  from  Fordham  University 
Medical  School,  and  in  this  institution  he  is  now  an  assistant 
professor  in  pathology  and  bacteriology. 


Baronetcy  to  James  Horlick. 


AT  the  official  celebration  of  the  birthday  of  King  George 
V,  a  baronetcy  was  conferred  upon  James  Horlick,  co- 
fotmder  with  his  brother  of  the  house  of  Horlick,  of 
international  malted  milk  fame,  and  at  present  head  of  the 
firm.  Sir  James  was  bom  in  Gloucestershire  70  years  ago,  and 
has  been  a  resident  of  that  county  for  the  past  20  years. 
Several  years  of  his  busy  life  were  spent  in  Canada  and  the 
United  States,  and  from  the  factories  on  this  side  of  the  water, 
as  well  as  from  those  in  England,  the  product  reaches  prac- 
tically ever}'  country  in  the  world.  In  official  life  he  has 
also  attained  honors,  being  High  Sheriff  of  Gloucestershire 
and  a  Deputy  Lieutenant  of  the  county.  .Although  president 
of  the  company,  Sir  James  Horlick's  activities  have  for  some 
years  been  confined  to  occasional  meetings  of  the  board  of 
directors.  His  oldest  son,  Emest  Horlick,  is  virtually  in  charge 
of  the  English  business. 


Pharmaceutical  Personalties. 


— E.  E.  Fabiano,  a  Filipino,  has  worked  his  way  suc- 
cessfully to  two  college  diplomas  since  coming  to  this  country 
six  years  ago.  Immediately  after  the  Spanish-American  War 
Elmer  Fabiano  left  a  seminary  at  Nueva  Caceres,  P. I.,  to 
teach  school  with  a  view  to  earning  sufficient  money  to  study 
in  America.  It  took  three  years,  but  he  came  to  this  coimtry 
and  established  himself  in  Kansas  City,  Mo.  In  1910  he 
graduated  from  the  Kansas  City  College  of  Pharmacy,  and 
immediately  took  up  the  study  of  law.  in  the  meantime  sup- 
porting himself  by  working  in  a  drug  store  as  a  prescription 
pharmacist.  He  graduated  this  year  from  the  Kansas  City 
School  of  Law.  "I  am  going  back  to  the  Philippines,"  he 
declared  recently,  "in  another  year,  and  will  begin  the  practice 
of  law  there.  I  intend  to  spend  the  rest  of  my  life  in  the 
blands,  and  I  hope  to  be  of  some  help  to  my  native  land  when 
the  islands  are  tiimed  back  to  the  control  of  my  countrymen." 
In  calling  our  attention  to  his  graduation,  Mr,  Fabiano  says: 
"My  record  may  be  of  some  interest  to  my  brother  pharmacists, 
particularly  as  to  how  a  pharmacist  or  drug  clerk  can  spend 
his  leisure  hours  profitably,  and  what  he  can  accomplish  for 
his  future   benefit  as  well  as  for  the  community." 

— Asa  G.  Candler,  of  the  Coca-Cola  Co.,  has  announced 
that  he  will  give  $1,000,000  toward  the  endowment  of  the 
proposed  Southern  Methodist  University  in  Atlanta,  now  under 
consideration  by  the  educational  committee  of  the  Southern 
Methodist  Church.  The  City  of  Atlanta  guaranteed  $2,550,000 
in  cash  and  property  on  condition  that  it  should  be  chosen  for 
the  seat  of  the  university.  The  establishment  of  the  university 
is  explained  to  be  the  Church's  answer  to  the  decision  of  the 
Teimessee  courts  that  the  denomination  has  not  supreme  con- 
trcl  over  the  Vanderbilt  University  trustees,  who  accepted 
$1,000,000  from  Andrew  Carnegie  against  the  protests  of  the 
Church.  After  the  courts  sustained  the  trustees  the  Church 
withdrew  its  support  from  A'anderbilt  University.  Mr.  Candler 
is  a  strong  believer  in  religious  education,  and  has  stated  that 
he  wished  so  far   as  he   was  able  to  repair  the  damage  done 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


lo  the  Church  by  the  above  decision.  He  is  a  brother  of 
Bishop  Warren  Candler  of  the  same  denomination,  who  has 
been  selected  as  chancellor  of  the  new  institution. 

— W.  F.  Baum,  of  Danville,  the  newly-elected  president  of 
the  Illinois  Ph..\..  intends  to  "do  things."  In  a  recent  inter\'iew 
he  is  quoted  as  saying:  "I  intend  to  appoint  a  special  committee 
or  board  consisting  of  one  member  from  each  congressional 
district  of  Illinois.  We  need  such  a  political  board  to  present 
and  urge  legislative  measures  in  Springfield.  There  should  be 
more  stringent  laws  on  dispensing  of  poisons  than  we  now 
have.  There  has  been  all  the  time  a  committee  on  legislation, 
but  this  committee  has  not  been  able  to  obtain  legislation  that 
both  the  association  and  the  public  should  have.  My  idea  is 
that  members  of  the  Legislature  should  be  talked  with  by  their 
constituents  interested  in  contemplated  laws.  Talk  with  them 
as  you  would  with  any  of  your  neighbors  from  whom  you  want 
a  responsible  and  sensible  favor,  and,  in  my  opinion,  the 
result  will  be  satisfactory." 

— Edwin  T.  Boden,  of  Bay  City,  Mich.,  for  the  past  year 
secretary  of  the  Michigan  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  has  been 
elected  president  of  that  body,  his  new  appointment  taking 
effect  July  1.  Mr.  Boden  has  been  a  member  of  the  board 
since  1910.  In  commenting  upon  his  election  he  said:  "I  had 
considerable  work  before  when  I  was  secretary,  but  I  shall 
certainly  have  uses  for  my  time  in  taking  care  of  the  duties 
of  the  presidency.  There  is  a  great  amount  of  work  to  be 
done,  and  although  I  will  not  try  to  be  severe  with  the 
pharmacists  I  will  endeavor  to  see  that  every  drug  store  in  the 
State  has  a  registered  pharmacist  behind  the  counter  to  wait  on 
trade.  The  laws  of  Michigan  require  this,  and  it  is  only  right 
to  the  trade  that  the  proprietors  see  that  they  have  a  registered 
pharmacist  in  the  stores  during  the  hours  they  are  open." 

— Adolph  Biersach,  the  Milwaukee  druggist,  was  the 
recipient  recently  of  one  of  the  "Spanish  prisoner"  swindle 
letters,  which  have  been  periodically  making  their  appearance 
all  over  the  country  for  many  years.  The  letter,  purported  to 
have  been  written  from  Madrid  and  by  a  prisoner  who  signs 
his  name  "Beliavsky,"  claimed  that  the  writer  was  a  Russian 
banker  who  absconded  with  5,000,000  rubles  and  was  arrested  in 
London.  .\s  he  killed  a  man  in  Spain  he  must  stand  trial  in 
that  country  and  if  he  manages  to  get  by  the  Spanish  authori- 
ties, he  will  be  placed  on  trial  in  Russia.  The  letter  stated 
that  "if  Mr.  Biersach  would  help  the  writer  to  get  $480,000, 
which  he  has  in  .-Vmerica,  the  druggist  would  get  one-third. 

— Dr.  Jokichi  Takamine,  the  well-known  research 
chemist,  has  been  elected  president  of  the  recently  organized 
Japanese  Association  of  Xew  York,  Incorporated,  the  object 
of  which  is  to  foster  friendship  and  cordial  co-operation  among 
the  Japanese  residing  in  this  city  and  its  vicinity.  The  asso- 
ciation further  aims  to  promote  the  social  and  intellectual 
welfare  of  its  membership,  to  protect  them  in  their  rights,  to 
cultivate  the  spirit  of  mutual  assistance  and  to  strengthen  the 
friendly  ties  that  bind  the  people  of  the  Empire  of  Japan  and 
the  United  States.  The  association,  it  is  reported,  will  be 
glad  to  furnish  information  concerning  Japanese  affairs  to  any 
one  applying  for  it. 

— Mrs.  J.  A.  Anderson,  wife  of  Druggist  Anderson,  at 
2222  Xorth  Western  avenue,  Chicago,  routed  a  pair  of  robbers 
recently  by  screaming.  A  car  containing  six  men  rode  up  to 
the  side  door  of  the  drug  store  and  two  men  got  out  and 
entered  the  store  to  telephone.  They  went  to  the  booth  and 
the  druggist  ttimed  away,  only  to  be  confronted  by  two 
revolvers  when  he  again  turned  about.  The  robbers  ordered 
him  to  throw  up  his  hands,  and  were  backing  him  toward  the 
cash  register  when  Mrs.  .\nderson  screamed.  The  men  fled, 
but  not  before  one  of  them  struck  Anderson  on  the  head  with 
the  butt  of  a  revolver,  inflicting  a  deep  wound. 

— Leon  Evans,  who  has  just  been  elected  president  of  the 
Kentucky  Pharmaceutical  Association,  is,  to  quote  the  Lexing- 
ton Daily  Leader,  a  "humdinger."  He  is  the  senior  member 
of  the  drug  firm  of  Evans  &  Covington,  of  Mayfield,  and  is 
one  of  the  "live  wires"  of  his  town.  His  hobby  is  Sunday 
School  work.  \  few  years  ago  he  was  made  the  superintendent 
of  the  First  Baptist  Sunday  School  of  Mayfield,  and  inaugu- 
rated the  idea  of  rotation  in  that  office  with  a  change  every 
two  years.  The  first  Sunday  in  May  this  year  that  Sunday 
School  had  an  attendance  of  1380.  The  Bible  Class  has  had 
as  many  as  380  in  it  at  one  time. 

— Kaymond  Siffdoll,   a   16-year-old  drug-store  employee, 


of  Paterson,  N.  J.,  has,  according  to  newspaper  reports,  sud- 
denly found  himself  well-to-do  because  he  rummaged  among 
his  father's  papers  in  an  old  trunk  in  the  family  garret. 
Letters  indicating  that  his  father,  Brehem  Siffdoll,  who  died 
15  years  ago,  had  been  receiving  drafts  from  abroad,  led  to  the 
location  of  an  estate  in  the  suburbs  of  Paris  that  belonged  to 
the  boy's  grandfather.  Further  investigation  showed  that  the 
boy  is  an  heir  to  $100,000.  He  will  remain  in  the  drug  store 
for  a  time  and  then  will  go  to  college  and  study  medicine. 

— Sir  Joseph  Beecham,  proprietor  of  the  well-known 
pills  bearing  his  name,  was  raised  by  King  George  to  the 
rank  of  baronet  at  the  recent  birthday  celebration  of  England's 
monarch.  The  new  title,  it  is  said,  was  bestowed  principally 
for  his  services  to  music,  in  the  production  of  grand  opera, 
especially  the  Russian  opera  and  ballet.  In  addition  to  his 
proprietary  business.  Sir  Joseph  is  a  director  of  tlie  Pears 
corporation,  the  owner  of  two  tlieaters,  and  has  assembled  a 
notable  collection  of  English  paintings  and  other  works  of  art. 

— ISiss  Velma  Onstad,  formerly  of  Dawson,  but  lately 
of  Tampico,  Me-\ico,  is  now  engaged  as  a  pharmacist  at 
Gulbrandsen's  pharmacy,  Montevideo,  Minn.  She  was  forced 
to  leave  Me.i;ico  because  of  troubles  incident  to  the  war,  and 
had  many  interesting  experiences,  some  of  them  not  without 
considerable  danger,  before  she  got  out  of  the  country.  With 
a  partner  she  had  been  planning  to  build  a  drug  store  building, 
when  the  war  made  any  such  proposition  impossible. 

— Dr.  A.  K.  L.  Dohme,  president  of  Sharp  &  Dohme. 
manufacturing  chemists,  Baltimore,  who  has  long  taken  a  deep 
interest  in  municipal  problems  and  has  been  connected  with 
various  movements  designed  to  advance  the  interests  of  the 
welfare  of  the  city,  has  been  re-elected  president  of  the  Cily- 
Wide  Congress,  which  aims  to  secure  equitable  methods  of 
taxation  and  to  give  Baltimore  the  standing  before  the  country- 
to  which  the  municipality  is  entitled. 

— Harry  S.  Noel,  of  the  advertising  staff  of  Eli  Lilly  & 
Co.,  was  married  recently  to  Miss  Nellie  K.  Covert,  of  In- 
dianapolis. They  made  an  extended  wedding  trip  East  and 
visited  Mr.  Noel's  parents  at  Williamsto^\-n,  Mass.  New  York 
City,  Albany,  Ithaca,  and  perhaps  several  other  cities  were  in- 
cluded in  their  itinerary.  Mr.  Noel  is  a  graduate  of  the  Albany 
College  of  Pharmacy  and  for  several  years  was  connected  with 
drug  journalism. 

— "William  H.  'Wood,  of  Sanford,  Me.,  recently  elected 
president  of  the  Maine  State  Pharmaceutical  Association,  has 
been  in  the  drug  business  in  his  city  for  many  years.  Mr. 
Wood  was  recently  elected  president  of  the  Sanford  Board  of 
Trade  and  is  an  alert  promoter  of  the  "bigger,  busier  and 
better"  Sanford  movement.  He  is  an  active  Progressive  and 
was  a  delegate  to  the  last  county  and  State  conventions. 

— Miss  Ligruori  Mary  Ertel,  of  Maple  Lake,  Minn.,  was 
a  recent  graduate  from  the  Minnesota  College  of  Pharmacy, 
and  secretary-treasurer  of  her  class.  She  comes  from  a  family 
of  pharmacists,  for  her  father,  Charles  J.  Ertel,  conducted  a 
drug  store  at  Maple  Lake  vmtil  his  death,  when  her  mother. 
Mrs.  Mary  L.  Ertel,  herself  a  college  of  pharmacy  graduate 
(Cincinnati),  undertook  the  management  of  the  store. 

— John  McCluskey,  Jr.,  the  five-year-old  son  of  John  H. 
McCluskey,  pharmacist  at  Glenwood,  la.,  was  recently  severely 
shocked  when,  while  playing  with  another  little  boy,  he 
grasped  an  electric  wire  from  which  the  insulation  had  been 
partially  torn  away.  He  received  injuries  which  were  at  first 
thought  to  be  fatal.  His  right  side  was  discolored  and  his 
toes  and  fingers  were  deeply  burned.  A  young  lady  who  pulled 
him  away  from  the  wire  was  also  severely  shocked. 

— Dr.  Edward  Curtis  True,  of  Auburn,  Me.,  and  Miss 
Adele  Dohme  were  recently  married  at  Roland  Park,  Md.  The 
bride  was  given  away  by  her  brother,  Dr.  A.  R.  L.  Dohme.  The 
groom's  best  man  was  his  brother,  J.  R.  True.  A  wedding 
reception  was  given  by  Mrs.  Charles  E.  Dohme,  mother  of  the 
bride,  on  the  day  following  the  ceremony.  The  honeymoon  will 
include  several  months  in  Europe. 

— E.  E.  Grebel,  druggist  of  Beaver  Dam,  Wis.,  has  sold 
his  pharmacy  to  J.  E.  O'Brien,  formerly  of  Randolph,  Wis. 
For  the  past  three  years  Mr.  O'Brien,  who  is  a  graduate  of  the 
School  of  Pharmacy  of  the  University  of  Wisconsin,  has  been 
connected  with  the  Menges  pharmacy  in  Madison.  Mr.  Grebel 
has  not  announced  his  plans  for  the  future. 

— Robert  F.  Grace,  of  New  Orleans,  has  been  presented 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


377 


with  a  handsome  gold  medal  by  the  members  of  the  Louisiana 
Ph. A.  as  a  reward  for  his  services  in  securing  140  new  mem- 
bers in  two  years.  At  the  same  time  it  was  declared  that 
through  his  efforts  the  recently  closed  convention  was  the  most 
interesting  and  successful  in  years. 

— Charles  S.  Randolph,  of  Charles  S.  Randolph  &  Co., 
Ipava,  111.,  who  has  been  30  years  in  the  drug  business  in  that 
town,  has  decided  to  retire.  Orlie  E.  Carter,  who  has  been 
associated  with  Mr.  Randolph  for  18  years,  has  become  the 
proprietor.  Mr.  Carter  has  passed  his  business  life  in  Ipava, 
and  is  a  registered  pharmacist. 

— Lucian  Bauman,  druggist,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  and  Dr. 
Julia  Levvandowska,  a  Holyoke  physician,  were  recently  mar- 
ried at  the  Mater  Dolorosa  church,  Holyoke.  Dr.  Lewan- 
dowska  rendered  valuable  service  during  the  smallpox  epidemic 
in  Holyoke  three  years  ago.  Mr.  Bauman  has  been  the 
manager  of  a  Boston  store  and  will  probably  open  his  own 
establishment  in  Holyoke. 

— Harvey  B.  Eyer,  of  Pennsylvania,  for  the  past  five 
years  a  special  representative  of  the  American  Druggist  Syn- 
dicate, doing  special  detail  work  among  physicians,  has  joined 
the  sales  force  of  the  Curts  Chemical  Company,  of  New  York 
City,  and  has  charge  of  the  company's  affairs  in  New  England 
and  Pennsylvania. 

— W.  C.  McGonagle,  vice-president  of  the  Benson,  Smith 
Drug  Co.,  Honolulu,  recently  sailed  from  San  Francisco,  having 
completed  a  business  tour  of  the  Eastern  States  and  Canada  in 
the  course  of  which  he  made  a  study  of  current  merchandising 
methods.  His  itinerary  en  route  for  home  included  Columbus, 
Ohio. 

— Dr.  William  Jay  Schieffelin.  recently  addressed  to  the 
president  of  the  American  Medical  Association  a  telegram  of 
protest  against  the  adoption  of  the  Pomerene  amendment  to  the 
Harrison  bill,  which  would  exempt  from  the  provisions  of  that 
measure  physicians,  surgeons,  nurses  and  medical  attendants. 

— F.  P.  Bannon  is  reported  to  have  at  his  Winsted,  Conn., 
drug  store  cherries  preserved  in  rum  and  which  were  grown  on 
a  tree  that  stood  near  a  well  now  in  the  cellar  of  a  nearby  store. 
The  cherries  were  bottled  in  1870  and  Mr.  Bannon  will  open 
the  bottle  when  the  G.O.P.  elects  another  president. 

— Vernon  Waldron,  of  the  firm  of  Waldron  &  Dietrich. 
San  Francisco,  has  returned  home  from  abroad  where  he  spent 
three  months,  visiting  in  the  course  of  his  trip  the  principal 
cities  of  Europe.  His  wife  and  daughter  did  not  return  with 
him,   the   latter  having  undertaken  a  course  of  study. 

— Michael  J.  Sullivan,  of  Willimantic,  Conn.,  is  the 
manager  of  the  new  drug  store  in  Stamford,  that  State.  He 
was  formerly  manager  of  the  City  drug  store,  Willimantic,  and 
has  worked  in  a  similar  capacity  in  Bridgeport,  New  Britain 
and  other  Connecticut  cities. 

— W  A.  Caperton,  salesmanager  for  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  ex- 
hibited .he  Lilly  moving  pictures  of  machinery  and  manufactur- 
ing methods  at  the  company's  laboratories,  at  Lincoln,  Neb., 
early  in  July.  Mr.  Caperton  enjoyed  a  day's  fishing  at  Balsam 
Lake,  la.,   on  the  return  trip. 

— Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  K.  Lilly  held  a  reception  for  the 
ladies  of  the  druggists  who  attended  the  annual  meeting  of  the 
Indiana  State  Pharmaceutical  Association  at  Lake  Wawasee. 
Open  house  was  maintained  for  the  visiting  druggists  and  their 
wives  throughout  the  meeting. 

— James  K.  Phillippe,  proprietor  of  a  drug  store  at 
Illinois  and  30th  street,  Indianapolis,  is  recovering  from  a 
compound  fracture  of  the  left  leg  suffered  recently  by  falling 
from  a  step  ladder.  The  bones  protruded  through  the  flesh 
and   ran   into  the  ground. 

— Albert  Kronkosky,  vice-president  and  manager  of  the 
San  .Antonio  Drug  Co.,  San  .Antonio,  Texas,  and  one  of  the 
principal  stockholders  in  the  recently  organized  Sterling  Labo- 
ratories of  New  York,  has  returned  home  after  a  short  visit  to 
the  "Great  White  Way." 

— Albert  M.  Duescher,  druggist  at  Bimamwood,  Wis., 
was  recently  married  to  Miss  Irene  Martin,  of  Green  Lake. 
Mr.  Duescher  was  employed  in  the  City  drug  store  at  Antigo 
until  four  years  ago  when  he  went  into  business  for  himself  at 
his  present   location. 

— Guy  M.  Smith,  one  of  the  most  popular  of  Sharp  & 
Dohme's  representatives  in  Ohio,  was  married  recently  to 
Miss  Lela  Moling,   of   Columbus.    On   their   bridal   tour   they 


spent  several  days  at  the  home  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  P.  E.  Herman 
at   Cincinnati. 

— Louis  P.  Zimmerman,  prescription  clerk  for  the  Grtmd 
Drug  Co.,  Fremont,  Ohio,  claims  to  be  the  oldest  drug  clerk 
in  point  of  service  with  one  firm  in  that  State.  It  is  40 
years  since  he  entered  the  employ  of  the  firm  by  whom  he  is 
still  employed. 

— Fred  W.  Cook,  president  of  the  San  Antonio  Drug  Co., 
San  Antonio,  Texas,  recently  sailed  from  Galveston  for  Ger- 
many on  a  three-months'  vacation.  He  will  bring  back  Mrs. 
Cook  and  daughter,  who  have  been  in  Germany  for  nearly  a 
year. 

— Paul  Herbert  Gross,  manager  for  the  Valley  Drug 
Company,  Johnstown,  Pa.,  recently  married  Miss  Mary  Louise 
Thiele,  of  Johnstown.  Immediately  following  the  ceremony 
the  couple  left  on  a  honeymoon  trip  through  the  East  and  South. 

— Thomas  Stephenson,  of  Edinburgh,  Scotland,  sailed  for 
England  recently.  Mr.  Stephenson,  who  is  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Pharmaceutical  Examiners  of  Great  Britain,  made  an 
extensive  tour  of  the  Western  States  while  in  this  country. 

— Fred  Woodhall,  of  Rockville,  Conn.,  has  retired  from 
the  drug  business  on  account  of  continued  ill  health.  He  was 
scheduled  to  sail  last  month  for  a  vacation  trip  in  England. 
John   B.   Thomas  is  in  charge  of  the  store. 

— Walter  C.  Seibert,  proprietor  of  the  Seibert  drug  store, 
Carbondale,  111.,  was  recently  married  to  Miss  Julia  Norton, 
of  Tamaroa.  Following  the  ceremony  tliey  took  a  short  trip 
to  Chicago  and  other  Northern  points. 

— C.  J.  Lynn,  secretary  and  general  manager  of  Eli  Lilly 
&  Co.,  was  a  recent  visitor  at  the  company's  New  York  branch. 
Upon  his  return  Mr.  Lynn  spent  a  week-end  at  the  Lynn 
Summer  home  at  Torch  Lake,  Mich. 

— William  J.  Mooney,  president  of  the  Mooney-Mueller 
Drug  Co.,  Indianapolis,  has  been  appointed  chairman  of  the 
committee  on  appeals  and  a  member  of  the  relief  committee  of 
the  Indianapolis  Board  of  Trade. 

— Clarence  G.  Stone,  of  the  Lambert  Pharmacal  Co.,  won 
the  cup  in  the  golf  tournament  held  by  the  Siwanoy  Club, 
Mount  Vernon,  on  July  4.  Mr.  Stone  has  a  collection  of  these 
trophies  of  his  favorite  sport. 

— M.  J.  Breitenbach,  president  of  the  M.  J.  Breiter.bach 
Co.,  manufacturers  of  Gude's  Pepto-Mangan,  is,  as  usual, 
spending  the  Summer  months  at  his  estate  on  the  St.  Lawrence 
River,  in  the  Thousand  Islands. 

— Marion  F.  Evans,  who  has  just  finished  eight  years  as 
postmaster  at  Marion,  Ind.,  has  opened  a  drug  store  at  Kokomo, 
Ind.  He  was  in  the  drug  business  at  Marion  before  being 
appointed  postmaster. 

— C.  E.  Crecelius,  of  New  Albany,  Ind.,  was  elected  an 
honorary  member  of  the  Indiana  State  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation at  that  organization's  recent  annual  meeting  held  at 
Lake  Wawassee. 

— George  C.  Wellner,  of  Carrington,  No.  Dak.,  has  been 
elected  president  of  a  druggists'  organization  made  up  of 
druggists  from  Foster,  Eddy,  Wells  and  Sheridan  counties, 
North  Dakota. 

— F.  J.  Frey,  a  retail  druggist,  is  building  a  $10,000  busi- 
ness block  at  East  Washington  street  and  Oriental  street,  In- 
dianapolis. He  expects  to  occupy  the  building  when  it  is 
completed. 

— F.  W.  Dessel,  pharmacist  at  Ninth  avenue  and  Irving 
street,  San  Francisco,  recently  returned  to  business  from  a 
200-mile  hike  in  the  Yosemite  Valley  and  to  the  big  trees  at 
Wawona. 

— Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  A.  Turner,  of  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  made 
a  brief  visit  at  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  while  en  route  to  Tokio, 
Japan,  where  Mr.  Turner  is  engaged  in  the  practice  of  phar- 
macy. 

— Mrs.  Robert  J.  Groves,  wife  of  the  Pennsylvania  rep- 
resentative of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  is  spending  the  Summer  with 
her  parents  at  Belfast,  Ireland.  She  is  accompanied  by  her 
son. 

— Chester  B.  Ryan,  assistant  manager  of  the  sundries 
department  of  Lehn  &  Fink,  New  York,  will  spend  his  vaca- 
tion at  his  old  home,  Detroit,  Mich. 

— William  Scott,   president  of  the  Daniel  Stewart  Drug 


378 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


Co.,  Indianapolis,  and  Mrs.  Scott  are  spending  the  Summer 
at  their  cottage  at  Brockton,  Ontario. 

— Edward  J.  Murphy,  manager  of  the  Balch  &  Brown 
drug  store  at  Manchester,  Conn,,  has  been  married  to  Miss  A. 
Louise  Dunn,  of  Middletown. 

— Dale  G.  Kilburn,  pharmacist  of  Quincy,  111.,  has  an- 
nounced his  candidacy  for  the  Republican  nomination  for 
Congress   from   his  district. 

— D.  S.  McNaughton,  with  Sdirouder's,  Inc.,  Grand 
Rapids,  Mich.,  was  recently  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Rosyln 
Bohn.  of  Benton  Harbor. 

— L.  D.  Sale,  president  of.  the  Western  Wholesale  Drug 
Co.,  has  returned  from  a  business  trip  through  South  America 
and  to  Europe. 

— J.  Byrne  Severs,  who  represents  Sharp  &  Dohme  in 
Western  Kentucky,  is  occupying  a  new  home  at  Cloverport, 
that  State. 

— J.  A.  Glennon,  formerly  sales  manager  of  the  A.D.S., 
is  secretary  and  general  manager  of  the   Curts  Chemical   Co. 

— W.  M.  Johnson,  of  Gainesville,  Fla.,  has  been  re-elected 
treasurer  of  the  Florida  Ph. A.  for  the  10th  consecutive  time. 

— J.  K.  liilly,  president  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  and  wife  are 
spending  the  Summer  at  Burt  Lake,  Mich. 


turned  out   for  a  mired  car,   came  too  near  the  edge  of  the 
road  and  plunged  down  an  embankment. 


Obituaries 


William  E.  Lee. 
William  Estell  Lee  died  at  his  home  in  Philadelphia  July  20. 
Mr.  Lee  conducted  a  pharmacy  at  2327  Brown  street  for  41 
years  or  more  and  was  also  an  active  member  of  the  Philadel- 
phia Wholesale  Drug  Company.  As  an  organization  man,  he 
was  prominent  locally  and  nationally.  He  was  one  of  the 
oldest  members  of  the  Philadelphia 
A.R.D.  and  had  held  various  offices  in 
that  body.  He  was  chairman  of  the 
committee  on  membership  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania State  Ph. A.,  a  member  of  the 
A. Ph. A.,  of  which  he  was  a  former 
vice-president,  and  a  member  of  the 
N.  A.R.D.  Mr.  Lee  was  bom  in 
Woodbury,  N.  J.,  in  1850.  He  gradu- 
ated from  the  Philadelphia  College  of 
Pharmacy  in  1872  and  was  ever  active 
as  an  alumnus  in  the  affairs  of  that 
institution.  So  long  had  he  been  en- 
gaged in  the  retail  drug  business  at  the 
one  location  that  in  that  period  he  had 
catered  to  the  pharmaceutical  needs  of 
three  generations  of  some  of  the  families 
in  his  neighborhood.  Needless  to  say, 
he  was  well-known  out  of  his  particular  professional  circle — 
and  at  the  last  primary  election  in  Philadelphia  he  was  a 
successful  candidate  for  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature  on  the 
Washington  party  ticket.  His  widow — "Mother  Lee,"  as  she 
is  known  to  the  ladies  of  the  Women's  Organization,  N. A.R.D., 
of  which  she  is  the  secretary — and  a  son,  Dr.  Walter  Estell 
Lee,  stirvive. 


Wm.    E.    Lee 


Charles  F.  Hoch. 
Charles  F.  Hoch,  40,  died  at  the  Methodist  Hospital,  In- 
dianapolis, July  11,  from  gas  asphyxiation.  Mr.  Hoch  was 
overcome  by  gas  in  the  basement  of  his  store  at  Central  avenue 
and  32d  street,  that  city.  For  many  years  he  was  in  business 
at  College  avenue  and  19th  street  but  sold  out  and  was  em- 
ployed by  the  Mooney-Mueller  Drug  Co.,  wholesale  druggists. 
He  bought  the  Central  avenue  store  two  months  ago.  A  widow 
and  daughter  survive. 


Herman  Krieger. 
Herman  Krieger,  well-known  Nevada  druggist,  died  in  the 
Goldfield  hospital  several  hours  after  being  terribly  injured  in 
an  automobile  accident.  With  him  at  the  time  were  four  brother 
Knights  of  Pythias,  only  one  of  whom  escaped  with  his  life. 
Two  were  killed  outright  and  Mr.  Krieger  and  the  fifth  member 
of  the  party  died  in  the  hospital.     The  machine  they  occupied 


RECENT  DEATHS. 
James  A.  Watkins,  65,  proprietor  Union  avenue  phar- 
macy, St.  Louis,  Mo.,  was  killed  at  Ccntralia,  Mo.,  by  a 
Wabash  train.  The  supposition  is  that  Mr.  Watkins,  who  had 
had  business  to  transact  at  Carthage,  Mo.,  and  intended  visiting 
his  brother  at  Henrietta,  left  the  train  at  Centralia,  expecting 
to  board  it  again  when  it  left  the  station.  He  suffered  from 
rheumatism  and  walked  with  a  cane  and  may  have  on  this 
account  fallen  beneath  the  trucks.  A  widow,  two  daughters, 
graduates  of  Wasliington  University,  and  two  sons,  students 
at  this  institution,  survive.  The  deceased  was  reputed  to  be 
wealthy. 

— Edwin  Lamson,  69,  for  many  years  an  importer  of 
drugs  and  other  South  American  products,  died  recently  at 
his  home  in  Summit,  N.  J.  He  was  born  in  Tewksbury,  Mass., 
July  25,  1845,  and  came  to  New  York  when  a  young  man, 
becoming  associated  with  his  brother,  the  late  John  S.  Lamson, 
in  the  firm  of  John  S.  Lamson  &  Brother,  77  Maiden  Lane. 
He  retired  from  active  business  five  years  ago,  a  nephew, 
Horace  H.  Lamson,  succeeding  to  the  leadership  in  the  firm, 
which  has  been  in  existence  for  more  than  50  years.  Mr. 
Lamson  was  a  member  of  the  Drug  Club. 

— George  W.  Lawton,  of  Atchison,  Kan.,  formerly  con- 
nected with  the  McPike  Drug  Co.,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  was 
found  dead  in  his  bed  in  the  latter  city  to  which  he  had  just 
recently  returned  after  a  trip  east  to  benefit  his  health.  He 
died  just  after  retiring  for  the  night  and  expressing  the  opinio.i 
that  he  had  been  much  improved  by  his  trip.  He  was  bom 
55  years  ago  at  Rome,  N.  Y.  Previous  to  his  coimection  with 
the  McPike  company  he  had  held  a  responsible  position  in  a 
local  bank  and  was  at  one  time  connected  with  a  bank  in 
Carlton,  Kan.     He  never  married. 

— Demont  Lowthian,  32,  Unionville,  Mich.,  druggist, 
died  shortly  after  being  terribly  burned  while  attempting  to 
carry  a  barrel  of  alcohol  out  of  his  father's  store.  The  gasoline 
illumination  system  used  in  the  store  went  wrong  and  a  fire 
was  started  in  the  rear.  After  telling  his  customers  to  get  out 
and  to  send  in  a  fire  alarm,  Lowthian  started  to  carry  out  the 
alcohol  barrel,  containing  several  gallons  of  alcohol.  It  ex- 
ploded and  the  blazing  fJuid  was  thrown  all  over  him.  A  wife 
and  seven-year-old  son  survive. 

— James  Dannelly,  47,  died  at  St.  Paul's  Sanitarium, 
Dallas,  Tex.  He  was  born  in  Charleston,  S.  C,  but  spent  his 
youth  at  Waxahachie,  where,  after  completing  his  education 
at  Baltimore,  he  was  engaged  in  the  drug  business  until  18 
years  ago.  At  this  time  he  moved  to  Dallas  and  entered  the 
manufacturing  business.  He  was  well  known  to  druggists 
throughout  the  State,  having  been  connected  with  the  wholesale 
and  retail  trade  for  the  past  quarter  century.  His  widow  and 
three  children  survive. 

— John  W.  Bell,  65,  owner  of  one  of  the  first  drug  stores 
in  Omaha,  Neb.,  died  at  his  residence  in  that  city  of  either  a 
blood  clot  on  the  brain  or  uraemic  poisoning.  He  was  presi- 
dent of  the  Bell  Drug  Company,  1316  Farnam  street.  He 
came  to  Omaha  from  Weston,  Mo.,  in  1870,  and  secured  em- 
ployment in  the  first  drug  store  in  the  city.  His  wife,  a 
daughter,  Mrs.  Arthur  Smith,  and  one  son,  A.  L.  Bell,  of 
New  York  City,  survive. 

— Charles  F.  Gladding  died  suddenly  at  his  home  in 
Barrington,  R.I.  He  had  conducted  the  drug  store  at  the 
corner  of  Mathewson  and  Washington  streets.  Providence,  and 
the  store  now  conducted  by  William  Smith,  of  Warren.  Death 
was  due  to  a  paralytic  shock. 

— William  McCullough,  75,  a  druggist  in  New  Athens, 
Ohio,  is  dead  after  a  long  illness  with  stomach  trouble.  He 
was  known  to  every  student  at  Franklin  College  for  nearly 
half  a  century,  and  was  an  elder  in  the  Presbyterian  church. 
He  leaves  a  daughter. 

— Gaston  Constantin,  60,  manufacturer  of  druggists* 
sundries,  507  Bainbridge  street,  Brooklyn,  died  in  the  Lutheran 
Hospital.     He  was  a  member  of  Tyrian  Lodge,   F,   &   A.M. 

— Frank  Thompson,  for  17  years  a  druggist  in  New 
Haven,  Conn.,  but  who  retired  recently  on  account  of  ill- 
health,  is  dead  after  an  illness  of  several  months. 


August,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


379 


News  from  Associations 


ANNUAL    CONVENTIONS. 


/I. P/i. .4.— Detroit,  Mich.,  Aug.  24-29. 

G.  M.  Beringer,   president;   J.  H.   Beal,  secretary. 


^^./l.i?.D.— Philadelphia,  Pa.,  week  of  Aug.  17. 

James  F.  Finneran,  president;   J.  E.  Toms,  secre- 
tary, Chicago. 


N.W.D.A. — Indianapolis,  Ind.,  week  of  Sept.  21. 
Geo.  W.  Lattimer,   president;    J.   E.   Toms,  secre- 
tary. New  York  City. 


The  American  Medical  Association. 


THE  annual  meeting  of  the  American  Medical  Association 
held  at  Atlantic  City  June  22-26  was  attended  by  3958 
members  who  took  the  time  and  trouble  to  register.  The 
attendance  was  considerably  larger  than  at  any  previous  session 
in  Atlantic  City,  though  not  as  large  as  the  attendance  at 
either  the  Boston  or  the  Chicago  meeting  of  the  association. 
The  Section  on  Pharmacology  and  Therapeutics  had,  as 
usual,  a  programme  containing  many  papers  of  pharmaceutical 
interest.  Delegates  from  the  A. Ph. A.  were  recognized  and 
Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington,  the  chairman  of  this  delegation, 
in  extending  the  felicitations  of  the  organization  he  repre- 
sented, said: 

"The  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  brings  greetings 
to  the  American  Medical  Association.  It  is  meet  and  proper 
that  two  National  bodies  should  exchange  greetings,  for  how- 
ever they  may  differ  in  function  and  scope,  they  are  united 
in  principle  in  the  one  great  object  of  promoting  the  health  of 
the  Nation  in  combating  disease. 

"It  is  gratifying  to  know  that  the  Pharmacopoeia  is  practi- 
cally completed  so  far  as  the  bulk  of  the  work  is  concerned. 
The  printing  of  the  Appendix  with  the  Tables,  Reagents  and 
Volumetric  Solutions  will  be  sent  this  week  to  the  printer, 
for  this  part  of  the  book  must  be  printed  first,  in  order  that 
members  may  have  it  for  reference  in  checking  up  the  text  of 
the  book. 

"During  the  past  year  a  number  of  older  remedies  have  been 
•deleted  and  new  remedies  admitted.  A  committee  on  scope, 
which  reports  upon  proposed  admissions  and  deletions,  has 
finished  its  work,  but  there  are  still  a  few  questions  which 
can  be  settled  after  the  printing  is  started.  One  of  these 
questions  is  the  form  of  so-called  bichloride  tablets.  As  is  well 
known,  the  enormous  use  of  these  tablets  is  a  menace  to  the 
future  growth  and  prosperity  of  the  Nation.  The  Pharmaco- 
poeia cannot  check  the  use  of  these  tablets,  but  it  can  at  least 
direct  the  form  for  their  use  which  will  prevent  accident  as 
far  as  possible,  through  swallowing  the  tablets  or  their  solution. 
"The  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  during  the  past 
year  has  used  its  influence  in  every  possible  way  in  controlling 
or  limiting  the  use  of  habit-forming  drugs  by  National  and 
State  legislation.  Committees  have  been  formed  from  the 
membership  who  are  working  to  stamp  out  this  evil. 

"The  body  which  I  have  the  honor  to  represent  asks  the 
assistance  of  your  body  to  aid  in  framing  wise  laws  which 
will  make  it  difficult  for  dopesters  to  continue  their  habits, 
and  by  limiting  the  use  of  these  drugs  to  prescriptions  by 
properly  educated  physicians,  who  are  earnestly  trying  to 
<:urtail  the  evil. 

"In  educational  matters  pharmacy  has  progressed  in  the 
■direction  of  raising  the  standard  of  education  of  those  entering 
pharmacy,  and  enlarging  the  curriculum  in  the  colleges.  May 
we  not  hope  that  medicine  and  pharmacy  will  be  more  closely 
linked  in  the  future,  and  that  crimination  and  recrimination 
will  cease,  or  take  the  form  of  constructive  criticism,  with  the 
intention  of  remedying  the  evils  and  correcting  abuses,  and 
-will  be  actuated  by  harmony  between  the  two  professions." 
Referring    more    particularly    to    the    probable    scope    of    the 


U.S. P.   IX,   the   following  table  represents  the  status  of   the 
present  time : 

Number  of  articles   in  text  of  U.S. P.   VIII 958 

U.S. P.  VIII   articles  dismissed  from  U.S. P.  IX  list 237 

Number  of  articles  retained  from  U.S. P.  VIII 721 

Number  of  new  articles  admitted  to  U.S. P.  IX 67 

Total  number  of  articles  in  tentative  list  of  U.S. P.  IX 788 

On  motion  of  Dr.  Murray  Gait  Motter,  of  Washington, 
D.  C,  the  Section  on  Pharmacology  and  Therapeutics  of  the 
American  Medical  Association  adopted  the  following  resolution 
which  was  referred  to  the  House  of  Delegates,  endorsed  by 
that  body  and  thus  officially  recognized  as  the  opinion  of  the 
American  Medical  Association : 

WHEREAS,  The  Pharmacopoeia  of  the  United  States  of  America 
should  be,  above  all,  a  book  designed  to  protect  the  public  health 
and  prevent  the  exploitation  of  the  sick  and  afiBicted  for  profit; 
now   therefore  be   it 

RESOLVED,  That  the  members  of  the  Section  on  Pharmacology 
and  Therapeutics  of  the  American  Medical  Association  request  the 
House  of  Delegates  to  urge  upon  the  Revision  Committee  to  make 
official  in  the  Pharmacopoeia  of  the  United  States  "corrosive  mer- 
curic chloride  pastilles"  so  that  physicians  may  not  be  compelled 
to   prescribe   this  remedy   under  a   proprietary   name;    Be   it  further 

RESOLVED,  That  this  Section  endorse  the  form  and  description 
of  corrosive  mercuric  chloride  pastilles  as  described  in  the  German 
Pharmacopoeia,  namely,  of  cylindrical  shape,  twice  as  long  as 
thick,  wrapped  individually  in  paper  bearing  the  name  of  the 
medicament  "corrosive  mercuric  chloride  pastilles"  and  the  word 
"poison"  in  suitable  and  striking  letters;  Be  it  further 

RESOLVED,  That  a  copy  of  this  resolution  be  forwarded  by  the 
Secretary  of  the  American  Medical  Association  to  the  President  and 
to  each  of  the  officers  of  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeial  Con- 
vention and  also  to  the  Chairman  and  to  each  member  of  the 
Committee  of  Revision  of  the  Pharmacopoeia  of  the  United  States. 

-Another  recommendation  of  pharmaceutical  interest  was 
suggested  by  the  Council  on  Medical  Education,  endorsed  by 
the  reference  committee  and  approved  by  the  House  of  Dele- 
gates as  follows : 

Your  committee  also  recommends  that  the  Council  be  instructed 
to  urge  all  medical  colleges  to  adopt  the  nomenclature  of  the 
Pharmacopoeia  of  1910  and  to  use  the  metric  system  in  their 
teaching. 

LAST  CALL  FOR  N.A.R.D.  CONVENTION. 


Philadelphia  Convention  Committee  Eagerly  Awaits  Arrival  of 
Fellow  Pharmacists  and  Their  Wives. 

WITH  the  most  elaborate  entertainment  programme  in  the 
history  of  the  National  organization,  the  Philadelphia 
A.R.D.  is  eagerly  awaiting  the  arrival  of  fellow  phar- 
macists and  their  wives  and  families  from  all  over  the  United 
States.  Chairman  Charles  Rehfuss,  of  the  convention  com- 
mittee, is  prepared  for  a  registration  of  ISOO,  and  the  bigger 
the  crowd,  the  warmer  the  welcome — numbers  will  make  no 
difference  in  the  matter  of  accommodation  and  entertainment. 

The  entertainment  features,  as  partly  outlined  in  the  July 
Era,  will  be  the  president's  reception  and  ball  on  Monday 
evening,  Aug.  17,  at  the  Bellevue-Stratford  Hotel,  convention 
headquarters  and  the  formal  opening  of  the  Drug  Show  on  the 
sam-e  floor  of  the  big  hotel.  On  Tuesday  the  ladies  registered 
will  be  taken  on  an  automobile  tour  of  the  city  and  its 
environs.  The  same  evening,  a  demonstration  by  professional 
dancers  under  the  spotlight  of  the  niaxixe,  the  hesitation,  the 
Argentine,  the  one-step  and  other  popular  dances,  so  widely 
discussed,  will  be  a  startling  feature  of  a  ball  in  the  beautiful 
ballroom  of  the  Bellevue-Stratford. 

On  Wednesday  afternoon  the  ladies  will  be  the  guests  of 
John  Wanamaker  in  a  tour  through  the  big  department  store 
with  a  musicale  in  the  Court  of  Honor.  In  the  evening 
Chapter  No.  6,  W.O.N. A.R.D. ,  will  give  an  entertainment. 
Thursday  will  be  "Scottissue  Day"  when  the  Scott  Paper  Com- 
pany will  be  the  hosts  on  a  river  excursion  down  the  Delaware 
to  the  company's  big  plant  at  Chester.  Luncheon,  music, 
hydroplane  racing  and  dancing  with  a  stop  at  busy  League 
Island  Navy  Yard  will  be   features  of  the  day's  outing. 

The  following  day,  "Wampole  Day,"  those  registered  will 
be  the  guests  of  Henry  K.  Wampole  &  Company  on  an  excur- 
sion to  Willow  Grove  Park.  Special  cars  will  pass  through 
the  most  beautiful  sections  of  the  city  and  suburbs  to  the  famous 
park  where  after  luncheon  in  the  Casino  a  registration  badge 
will  constitute  a  pass  to  every  attraction  along  the  big  Midway. 

The  business  of  the  convention  will  be  dispatched  promptly 
so  as  not  to  encroach  upon  the  time  assigned  to  these  enter- 
tainment features.  Every  loyal  N.A.R.D.  member  is  urged  to 
make  a  special  effort  to  attend  the  Philadelphia  convention, 
which  promises  to  be  the  largest  and  most  enjoyable  yet  held. 


3S0  THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA  [August,  1914 

New  York  Ph.  A.  Elects  Arthur  S.  Wardle,  of  Hudson,  President,  at  Saratoga. 


ARTHUR  S.  WARDLE,  of  Hudson,  was  unanimously 
elected  president  of  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical 
•Association  at  its  36th  annual  meeting  at  the  United 
States  Hotel,  Saratoga  Springs.  Jacob  H.  Rehfuss  was 
nominated  for  re-election,  but  positively  declined  the  honor. 
The  other  officers  elected  were: 

First  vice-president,  Elmer  C.  Chilson,  Rochester;  2d  vice- 
president,  Richard  A.  Austin,  Cairo;  3d  vice-president,  Wm. 
C.  Barton,  Saratoga ;  secretary,  E.  S.  Dawson,  Syracuse ; 
treasurer,  Frank  Richardson,  Cambridge;  executive  committee. 
Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein,  chairman;  Charles  N.  Lehman  and 
George  S.  Slade;  A. Ph. A.  Delegates,  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein, 
Dr.  A.  B.  Huested  and  C.  A.  Mayo. 

The  meeting  was  well  attended  and  the  business  was  con- 
summated most  expeditiously.  An  entire  day  was  spent  on 
Lake  George,  a  feature  of  the  convention  much  enjoyed  by  the 
members,  the  two  preceding  days  having  been  e.xceedingly  hot. 

The  principal  recommendations  made  by  President  Rehfuss 
in  his  annual  address  were  reported  in  the  July  Era.  He 
further  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  association  should  work 
energetically  for  the  passage  of  the  Stevens  price-maintenance 
bill.  "This  act  if  made  into  law  would  afford  a  great  measure 
of  relief."  In  this  connection,  he  urged  the  members  to  in- 
dividually enlist  in  the  N.A.R.D.  ranks,  and  trusted  that  the 
association  would  continue  to  affiliate  with  that  National 
organization  with  renewed  enthusiasm.  Elaborating  upon  the 
service  the  N.Y.S.P.A.  rendered  to  its  members  and  the 
profession  in  protecting  their  interests  in  legislative  matters, 
Mr.  Rehfuss  observed  that  the  head  of  one  large  drug  concern 
operating  a  chain  of  stores  in  New  York  City  recently  told 
him  that  the  "Day  of  Rest"  law  entailed  an  expenditure  on  them 
of  nearly  $50,000  last  year  for  extra  clerk  hire.  The  passage 
of  the  Walters  act  annulling  the  "Day  of  Rest"  law  places 
them  in  a  position  where  they  can  save  that  sum  if  they  will. 

The  number  of  new  members  gained  by  the  association  this 
year  was  "most  gratifying."  "For  the  greater  part  of  this  fine 
showing  we  are  indebted  to  the  indefatigable  efforts  of  the 
Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary,  and  more  particularly  to  Mr. 
George  Riefflin,  who,  as  chairman  of  the  membership  com- 
mittee, has  achieved  wonderful  results."  In  his  conclusion, 
Mr.  Rehfuss  acknowledged  the  great  assistance  given  him 
throughout  the  year  by  Vice-President  Arthur  S.  Wardle  and  by 
the   several   committees  of  the   association. 

The  report  of  the  legislative  committee,  presented  by  Mr. 
Rehfuss  as  chairman,  was  an  elaborate  resume  of  that  body's 
efforts  to  follow  the  association's  instructions  as  laid  down  at 
the  Catskill  meeting  and  the  recommendations  of  a  conference 
of  representatives  of  various  local  organizations  called  by  the 
committee  in  New  Y'ork  City.  The  report  also  recounted  the 
fight  the  committee  went  through  to  kill  off  those  bills  the 
members  considered  inimical  to  the  interests  of  the  profession. 

The  committee  believed  that  any  measure  making  it  pro- 
hibitory "for  any  person  to  issue  or  give  souvenirs,  bonuses, 
coupons,  trading-stamps  or  devices  of  any  kind  as  an  induce- 
ment to  the  purchase  of  drugs,  chemicals,  medicines,  pre- 
scriptions, or  poisons"  (the  words  of  the  association's  bill, 
which  failed  to  pass),  would,  if  enacted,  be  unconstitutional. 
The  members  recommended  that  any  future  legislation  endorsed 
by  the  association  be  based  upon  the  principle  of  taxing  every 
coupon  or  trading-stamp  to  create  revenue  for  the  State,  as  the 
committee  was  advised  that  such  provisions  were  more  likely 
to  be  held  constitutional  by  the  courts. 

Relative  to  the  Workmen's  Compensation  Act,  Mr.  Rehfuss 
reported  as  follows: 

"Your  legislative  committee  made  efforts  to  ascertain  whether 
the  'Workmen's  Compensation  Act'  recently  enacted  in  the 
State  of  New  York,  applies  to  the  average  retail  pharmacy 
where  no  power  or  machinery  is  employed  in  compounding 
medicine. 

"Inquiries  were  made  in  the  name  of  the  State  association, 
of  the  State  Department  of  Labor  and  the  Compensation  Com- 
mission at  Albany.  A  reply  from  the  Compensation  Commission 
promises  an  early  decision  in  the  matter,  but  up  to  the  present 
time  none  has  been   received   by  your  committee. 

"Inquiry  among  the  liability  companies  failed  to  secure  any 
definite  opinions.  They  frankly  admit  they  are  in  doubt  as  to 
whether  this  law  applies  to  the  retail  pharmacist. 


"However,  assuming  that  the  pharmacist  will  be  included 
by  the  commission,  the  liability  companies  have  made  the  very 
low  rate  of  $10  for  a  minimum  bond  covering  a  yearly  wage 
scale  of  all  employees  up  to  $5000.  Since  such  a  bond  would 
include  general  liability,  it  would  appear  that  the  pharmacist 
will  not  fare  so  badly  even  though  he  be  included  in  the 
compensation  act.  The  Compensation  Commission  is  the 
tribunal  which  will  make  the  decision  that  will  determine 
whether  we  need  take  out  such  a  bond." 

The  legislative  committee  opposed  all  the  bichloride  measures 
which  came  up  at  Albany,  taking  the  stand  persistently  that 
"we  would  stand  for  any  regulation  as  to  color,  shape,  style 
of  container,  and  registration  of  sale,  but  never  for  the  doctor's 
prescription  unless  he  be  prohibited  from  dispensing  such 
poison."  The  committee  recommended  that  the  State  asso- 
ciation endorse  this  attitude  as  a  guide  for  any  future  legisla- 
tion that  may  be  proposed. 

The  committee  e.xpressed  the  opinion  that  when  the  phar- 
macists became  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  provisions  of  the 
Boylan  bill  "they  will  appreciate  the  great  concessions  gained 
for  them,  and  realize  that  it  is  about  as  mild  a  piece  of  anti- 
narcotic  legislation  as  could  reasonably  have  been  expected." 
Considering  the  opposition  to  this  bill,  the  committee  regarded 
the  passage  of  the  compromise  measure  as  a  great  victory.  It 
was  pointed  out,  however,  that  the  victory  is  only  temporary: 

"The  same  forces  intend  to  go  to  Albany  again  ne.xt  year,  to 
make  further  efforts  along  the  same  lines.  Preparations  must 
be  made  to  insure  that  our  resistance  is  more  effective.  To 
that  end  we  recommend  that  a  legislative  sub-committee  be 
appointed  by  the  President,  to  be  composed  of  a  member  from 
each  Senatorial  district,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  marshal  all 
the  druggists  in  his  Senatorial  district  to  the  support  of  the 
programme  of  the  State  legislative  committee;  this  sub-com- 
mittee to  be  kept  informed  by  the  legislative  committee  of  all 
pending  legislation  through  the  issuance  of  pamphlets  at  fre- 
quent intervals.  ...  It  must  not  be  understood  from  this 
that  we  are  to  oppose  all  anti-narcotic  legislation  but  merely 
to  see  that  the  rights  of  the  pharmacists  are  properly  con- 
served. The  druggists  of  the  State  must  realize  that  this 
narcotic  evil  is  not  a  myth — it  is  an  awful  reality.  Something 
must  be  done  to  curb  it,  laws  must  be  enacted  to  enable  the 
authorities  to  penalize  those  who  are  responsible  for  it,  but  we 
will  not  permit  the  pharmacist  to  be  made  the  'scapegoat.' 
It  has  been  shown  that  the  physician  is  equally  responsible  for 
this  evil,  and  peddlars  not  connected  with  either  medicine  or 
pharmacy  are  giving  the  authorities  the  greatest  trouble. 

"We  recommend  that  our  State  'association  go  on  record  as 
favoring  the  regulation  of  the  distribution  of  narcotics,  but 
take  the  stand  that  any  future  legislation  must  be  based  upon 
the  principle  that  the  physician  shall  be  restricted  in  his  dis- 
tribution of  narcotics  along  with  the  pharmacist,  likewise  the 
wholesaler  and  manufacturer;  that  all  distributors  shall  be 
licensed  by  the  State  of  New  York,  and  that  extraordinarily 
severe  penalties  be  meted  out  to  those  persons  not  licensed 
who  are  found  trafficking  in  narcotics;  that  the  State  associa- 
tion by  resolution  appeal  to  the  Congressmen  and  Senators 
from  New  York  State,  urging  them  to  support  the  Harrison 
anti-narcotic  bill  at  Washington.  Were  this  Federal  legislation 
enacted  it  would  remove  the  greatest  part  of  the  cause  of  our 
present  narcotic  evil  in  New  York  State  with  the  result  that 
we  would  not  be  harassed  by  all  this  threatened  legislation  at 
Albany." 

The  committee  further  recommended  the  amendment  of  the 
by-laws  making  the  vice-president  an  ex-officio  member  of  the 
legislative  committee. 

The  committee  on  president's  address  also  considered  the 
report  of  the  legislative  committee.  In  brief,  it  reported  as 
follows : 

1.  The  question  of  Sunday  closing  being  governed  largely  by 
local  conditions  and  public  opinion,  action  by  the  association 
toward  obtaining  legislation  is  deemed  inadvisable.  2  and  3. 
Committee  recommends  that  Board  of  Pharmacy  secure  more 
inspectors  to  carry  out  provisions  of  the  Walters  bill  in  order 
to  keep  pharmacy  out  of  the  jurisdiction  of  the  Department 
of  Labor.  4.  Committee  approves  efforts  to  broaden  scope  of 
board  as  quickly  as  conditions  justify  such  progress.  5.  Re- 
scinding of  resolution  prohibiting  board  members  from  serving; 
on  legislative  committee  considered  highly  desirable.     6.   Com- 


August,  1914] 


THE   PHAEMACEUTICAL   ERA 


381 


mittee  approves  recommendation  that  association  affiliate  with 
N.A.R.D.  and  urges  utmost  efforts  be  made  by  N.A.R.D. 
to  secure  early  passage  of  Harrison  bill.  7.  Recommends  that 
association  employ  detail  men  on  commission  to  solicit  mem- 
bers and  collect  back  dues;  approved  providing  suitable  ar- 
rangements can  be  made  with  such  collectors.  Committee 
expressed  hope  that  utmost  efforts  would  be  made  to  collect 
dues  from  members  three  years  in  arrears  in  order  that  such 
members  might  be  retained. 

The  committee  approved  the  introduction  of  a  wood  alcohol 
bill  in  the  ne.xt  legislature,  recommended  that  the  next  legis- 
lative committee  push  the  Whitney  amendment  to  the  excise 
act,  providing  for  a  "dealer  in  alcohol"  license,  disapproved 
the  recommendation  that  the  bill  taxing  coupons  and  trading 
stamps  be  introduced,  as  such  legislation  would  not  hit  the 
main  part  of  the  evil,  the  giving  away  of  souvenirs;  agreed 
with  the  recommendation  of  the  president  relative  to  bichloride 
legislation;  approved  the  president's  recommendation  relative  to 
a  sub-committee  with  members  in  each  Senatorial  district;  en- 
dorsed the  president's  recommendations  that  the  association  go  on 
record  as  favoring  the  regulation  of  the  distribution  of  nar- 
cotics, taking  the  stand,  however,  that  dispensing  physicians 
shall  be  restricted,  etc. ;  recommended  publication  of  Boylan 
and  Walters  laws  in  proceedings,  the  amendment  of  by-laws 
to  make  the  vice-president  an  ex-o£ficio  member  of  the  legislative 
committee,  and  the  publication  of  the  address  of  the  president  and 
his  report  as  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee  in  pamphlet 
form,  the  same  to  be  distributed  to  members  and  be  used  as 
the  best  possible  argument  in  winning  new  members.  The 
committee,  which  consisted  of  Fred  Rogers,  Fred  Menges, 
H.  V.  Arny,  George  H.  Whitney  and  S.  E.  Dorn,  approved 
the  Potts  resolution  favoring  the  Stevens  bill. 

Upon  Vice-President's  Wardle's  motion,  the  committee's 
report,  with  the  exception  of  that  part  relating  to  trade 
coupons,  was  approved.  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein  asserted  that 
if  a  stop  was  not  put  to  the  coupon  evil  in  New  York  City 
the  small  man  would  be  driven  out  of  business.  The  recom- 
mendation anent  coupons  made  by  President  Rehfuss  was 
adopted  and  that  of  the  committee  disapproved.  The  matter 
was  referred  to  the  legislative  committee  with  power  to  act. 

The  report  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy,  presented  by  Sec- 
retary of  the  Board  Warren  L.  Bradt,  showed  that  during  1913 
there  were  4608  registered  pharmacies  and  42  registered  drug 
stores.  The  board  had  made  7645  inspections,  and  290  alleged 
violators  had  been  reported  by  the  inspectors.  Cases  settled 
numbered  216;  97  had  been  held  in  abeyance;  129  were  pend- 
ing June,  1914,  and  69  cases  were  prosecuted  in  court.  Of 
these  66  were  decided  in  favor  of  the  board.  The  sum  of 
$11,040  was  collected  in  penalties.  Hearings  granted  237, 
and  number  of  samples  analyzed  1148.  Pamphlets  on  laws 
were  sent  to  every  pharmacy  and  drug  store  in  the  State. 

Secretary  E.  S.  Dawson  reported  that  the  total  cost  of  pub- 
lishing the  1913  proceedings,  including  postage,  was  $455.90, 
as  against  $521.27  in  1912.  At  the  last  annual  meeting  40  new 
members  were  elected  and  100  members  were  dropped  from  the 
rolls.  Since  the  publication  of  the  last  proceedings  10  members 
have  died,  17  resigned  and  194  were  dropped  from  the  rolls, 
leaving  a  total  membership  of  1092.  The  total  attendance  at 
the  last  annua!  meeting  was  139.  The  e.xpenses  of  the  office 
were  $977.95. 

Dr.  A.  B.  Huested,  as  chairman,  presented  the  report  of  the 
committee  on  Procter  memorial  fund.  No  record  could  be 
found  of  the  association  having  paid  the  $50  it  voted  to  the 
fund  in  1912.  The  fund  now  amounts  to  over  $6000  and  a 
statue  will  be  erected  on  the  Smithsonian  grounds  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.  It  will  be  unveiled  upon  the  centenary  of 
Prof.  Procter's  birth.  May  3,  1917.  "It  is  the  duty  of  the 
drugg'sts  of  the  Empire  State  to  see  that  the  project  is  carried 
through." 

Thomas  Lamb,  chairman  of  the  advisory  committee  on  the 
Druggists'  National  Home,  recited  the  history  of  the  State-wide 
campaign  made  this  Winter  to  raise  funds  for  the  Home.  The 
committee  netted  $1010.97.  It  became  the  duty  of  his  committee 
to  suggest  the  following  recommendations  for  consideration; 

"1.  That  the  Home  trustees  be  asked  relative  to  the  ad- 
visability of  disposing  of  the  present  costly  location,  and  should 
they  consider  same,  we  recommend  that  a  smaller  house  be 
leased  or  bought  nearer  some  large  city,  and  placed  directly 
under  the  control  of  the  State  association  where  the  same  is 
located. 


"2.  Every  State  association  wishing  to  send  eligible  person 
to  the  Home,  until  same  is  paid  for  and  endowed,  shall  pay 
a   pro  rata  share  of  expenses  for  maintenance  of  Home." 

A  special  committee  consisting  of  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson, 
Louis  Berger  and  Thomas  Lamb  was  appointed  to  consider 
the  recommendations  of  the  above  committee.  The  members 
named  recommended  that  the  funds  collected  by  the  committee 
be  turned  over  to  the  association  treasurer  and  be  subject  to 
the  action  of  the  association  executive  committee,  and  that  the 
association  refrain  from  making  any  suggestions  concerning 
the  future  conduct  of  the  Home  at  this  time.  This  action  was 
approved  by  the  members. 

The  report  of  the  committee  of  revision  of  the  U.S. P.  was 
presented  by  Dr.  Diekman.  Many  of  the  points  made  by 
Dr.  Diekman  were  presented  by  Professor  Joseph  P.  Reming- 
ton in  a  recent  address  in  this  city.  Dr.  Diekman  confined 
himself  to  the  present  status  of  the  work  of  revision.  He  gave 
no  definite  statement  as  to  date  of  publication.  Galley  revision 
was  to  begin  July  1.  The  book  was  to  contain  798  distinct 
items  as  opposed  to  958  in  the  present  edition.  Sixty-four 
new  articles  had  been  added  and  248  articles  dropped.  Pub- 
licity had  been  a  feature  of  this  revision.  The  admission  of 
patent  and  proprietary  articles  had  been  disapproved  at  a 
committee  meeting  held  at  Washington.  If  manufacturers  will 
permit  their  articles  to  go  into  the  Pharmacopoeia  they  must 
sign  an  agreement.  He  cited  the  Holland  case  and  pointed  out 
the  danger  of  opening  opportunities  for  claiming  damages. 
The  coming  U.S. P.  will  contain  much  valuable  material  fur- 
nished by  manufacturers  who  have  lent  their  laboratories  and 
services.  Comments  and  criticisms  must  be  in  by  July  1 — '■ 
after  that  date  should  be  sent  in  by  telegram.  Additions  or 
deletions  will  be  published  from  time  to  time:  the  U.S. P. 
will  be  up-to-date. 

Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein,  as  chairman  of  the  committee  on 
adulterations,  presented  an  interesting  report,  much  of  whidh 
was  of  a  historical  nature.  He  divided  adulteration  into  three 
classes,  accidental,  unavoidable  and  intentional.  The  third 
division  was  the  reason  for  the  present  laws.  Conditions  in 
this  State,  he  said,  have  considerably  improved.  As  a  member 
of  this  committee  he  had  collected  samples  in  1910,  SO  per 
cent,  of  which  had  been  below  standard.  Samples  of  the 
same  drugs,  collected  in  the  same  places  this  year,  had  almost 
all  been  u]i  to  standard. 

Dr.  H.  H.  Rushy  opened  the  discussion  of  Dr.  Weinstein's 
report.  After  pointing  out  the  immense  amount  of  work  neces- 
sary in  preparing  such  a  report,  he  observed  that  this  and 
similar  reports  should  be  accompanied  by  a  caution  unless  too 
much  be  assumed.  Referring  to  the  point  made  relative  to 
selling  prices  and  decreasing  net  profits  made  by  thg  president, 
Dr.  Rushy  asserted  that  prices  in  retail  pharmacy  had  not 
kept  up  in  proportion  to  the  wholesalers'  prices.  The  higher 
standards  required  of  imported  drugs  was  one  reason  for  higher 
prices.  When  an  importer  receives  10  bales  of  buchu  leaves 
at  the  port  of  New  York  and  aftei  removing  the  chopped 
stems  with  which  it  is  adulterated,  has  only  four  and  a  half 
bales  left,  he  must  charge  100  per  cent,  more  and  drain  the 
supply  of  buchu  leaves  to  get  another  shipment.  The  most 
difficult  task  before  the  importer  is  to  get  out  the  last  3  to  4 
per  cent,  of  adulterations  and  the  cost  to  the  retailer  is  natu- 
rally increased.  It  is  foolish  to  think  that  the  public  should 
get  pure  drugs  without  paying  the  bills. 

Dr.  Rusby  said  that  in  New  York  the  people  were  fortunate 
in  having  a  Board  of  Pharmacy  that  has  supported  the  Federal 
government.  Adulterated  drugs  may  be  sold  in  the  same  State 
as  adulterated  and  the  Federal  government  can't  do  a  thing. 
"In  New  Jersey  conditions  are  simply  awful!"  The  Board  of 
Pharmacy  of  New  York  has  done  something  for  the  public 
but  they  won't  get  credit  for  their  work.  Dr.  Rusby  thought 
that  the  board  should  include  some  simple  questions  on  the 
identification  of  powdered  drugs  in  its  examinations.  .  The 
board  should  support  the  educational  system. 

One  of  the  most  appreciated  reports  presented  at  the  meeting 
was  that  of  George  T.  Riefflin,  chairman  of  the  committee  on 
membership.  He  reported  a  total  of  255  new  members,  150 
of  these  having  come  through  the  auxiliary.  The  committee 
as  such  had  not  done  very  well,  but  individual  members  had 
done  very  well  in  the  work  of  getting  members.  Mr.  Riefflin 
recommended  that  members  be  accepted  every  three  months. 
He  also  recommended  that  the  legislative  committee  report  to 
the    monthly    journals    every    issue.      This    would    triple    the 


3S2 


THE   PHAR^LA.CEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


membership.  In  discussing  this  report.  Dr.  Rusby  expressed 
the  opinion  that  the  association  had  taken  a  deep  interest  in 
the  schools  of  pharmacy  in  the  State  and  that  these  institutions 
had  not  been  sufficiently  grateful.  He  intended,  at  regular 
intervals,  taking  five  minutes  at  the  beginning  of  lectures  to 
report  to  his  students  what  the  association  is  doing.  He  will 
try  next  year  to  see  if  he  cannot  get  some  new  members. 
Dr.  Jacob  Diner  invited  the  membership  committee  to  visit  his 
school  and  tell  the  students  what  the  association  is  doing  for 
pharmacy.  The  executive  committee  was  instructed  to  origi- 
nate a  plan  for  taking  in  members. 

John  Roemer,  chairman  of  the  conmiittee  on  propaganda, 
told  how  he  and  his  fellow  members  had  endeavored  to  stimu- 
late State-wide  interest  in  pharmaceutical  propaganda.  The 
poor  retail  pharmacist  himself  overpowers  all  other  forces  in 
this  work.  Mr.  Roemer  read  a  letter  from  an  up-State  phar- 
cist,  which,  after  pointing  out  the  urgent  need  of  propaganda 
in  his  city,  concluded  "therefore  we  think  it  best  that  we  each 
look  out  for  ourselves  and  grab  what  we  can."  The  benefits 
of  propaganda,  Mr.  Roemer  asserted,  included  an  immediate 
financial  gain  to  the  pharmacist  and  an  ultimate  gain  in 
prestige  to  pharmacy.  The  report  dealt  largely  with  an 
account  of  the  work  of  the  committee  during  the  past  Winter. 
It  was  pessimistic  when  it  referred  to  the  support  afforded  the 
committee   by  pharmacists  throughout  the   State. 

Otto  Raubenheimer  read  a  brief  introduction  to  his  extensive 
report  on  "Xew  Remedies,  1913-1914." 

Papers  were  presented  at  the  meeting  as  follows: 

Charles  V.  Lewis,  "What  Course  Ought  the  Pharmacist  to 
Pursue  in  Relation  to  Dispensing  Doctors?  Does  It  Pay  to 
Try  and  Get  Their  Business?";  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein,  "Urine 
Analysis  as  a  Profitable  Side  Line  for  the  Pharmacist" ;  Peter 
Diamond,  "Separation  of  the  Practice  of  Pharmacy  from  the 
Drug  Business" ;  Dr.  Joseph  Kahn,  "Modem  Anti-Rheumatics" ; 
Dr.  William  Mansfield,  "Insect  Flowers  of  Commerce" ;  Pro- 
fessor Barrus,  department  of  agriculture,  Cornell  University, 
"Sale  of  Insecticides  and  Fimgicides  by  the  Retail  Druggist" ; 
Mrs.  St.  Claire  Ransford-Gay,  "Putting  the  Bulgarian  Bacillus 
on  the  Market";  "Camphor  and  Its  Preparations,"  J.  Leon 
Lascoff;  Otto  Raubenheimer,  "Aromatic  Liquid  Paraffin"; 
F.  E.  Niece,  "Colorimetric  Methods  with  a  Demonstration  of 
a  Simple  Colorimeter" ;  John  Roemer,  "Professional  Respon- 
sibilities"; Dr.  Joseph  Mayer,  "Quantitative  Estimation  of 
Glucose  in  Urine" ;  L.  Marmor,  "Evils  of  Counter  Prescribing 
and  How  to  Check  It" ;  Hugh  Craig,  "What  Is  Your  Salary 
and  How  Do  You  Earn  It?" 

Mr.  Diamond's  paper  upon  "The  Separation  of  the  Practice 
of  Pharmacy  from  the  Drug  Business"  occasioned  considerable 
discussion,  in  which  Dr.  Jacob  Diner,  F.  S.  Rogers,  Dr.  Wm. 
C.  Anderson,  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein  and  others  participated. 
A  committee  of  11  was  appointed  to  consider  this  question  and 
another  matter  brought  up  by  Mr.  Roemer.  The  committee 
consists  of  Messrs.  Diamond,  chairman;  Johnson,  Anderson, 
Lehman,  Boetzel,  McCullough,  F.  S.  Rogers,  Brooks,  Sears, 
Brothers  and  C.  F.  Brown.  Mr.  Roemer  argued  for  a  State 
pharmacy  commission.  He  would  separate  the  administrative 
fimctions  from  the  police  regulations.  In  his  opinion  it  was 
a  mistake  to  ever  have  placed  the  pharmacy  law  under  the 
Regents.  One  of  the  members  expressed  himself  as  in  sympathy 
with  Mr.  Roemer's  contention,  but  asserted  that  the  remedy 
advocated  was  worse  than  the  present  condition. 

L"pon  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson's  recommendation  as  a  delegate 
to  the  N.A.R.D.,  the  association  voted  to  reaffiliate  with  the 
National  body.  Caswell  A.  Mayo  enlarged  upon  the  necessity 
of  uniform  systems  of  accounting  for  the  retail  druggist.  He 
asked  that  a  committee  be  appointed  to  co-operate  with  com- 
mittees from  other  State  associations  upon  this  subject.  Ac- 
cording to  the  treasurer's  report.  Dr.  Hy.  J.  J.  Kassebaum, 
as  special  collector  for  the  association,  had  added  $260  in  back 
dues  to  the  treasury.  George  T.  Riefflin,  at  the  time  the 
treasurer's  report  was  made,  had  added  $446  to  the  funds. 
Wm.  Henry  Rogers  proposed  that  the  travelers'  auxiliary  be 
consulted  anent  the  next  place  of  meeting,  the  members  con- 
curring. 

Dr.  Wm.  Mansfield  conducted  a  contest  as  usual  at  this  meet- 
ing, this  year  the  contestants  endeavoring  to  identify  165  crude 
powdered  drugs.  The  prize  winners  are :  First  prize,  Mrs.  St. 
Claire  Ransford-Gay;  2d,  Miss  Charlotte  0.  Ransford;  3d, 
Lillian  Leiterman;  4th,  Louis  Berger;  Sth,  Wm.  Ihmils;  6th, 
Caswell  A.  Mayo;  7th,  Alfred  B.  Huested;  Sth,  H.  S.  Johnston; 
9th,  H.  Sarason,  and  10th,  F.  E.  Niece. 


The  usual  splendid  programme  of  entertainment  was  pre- 
sented by  the  auxiliary.     The  travelers  elected  as  officers : 

President,  C.  W.  Coleman;  vice-president,  Charles  F.  Kelley; 
secretary-treasurer,  R,  W.  DePuy;  executive  committee,  W.  C. 
Bucher,  chairman;  C.  F.  Fischer  and  R.  B.  Featherly.  About 
50  members  of  the  auxiliary  were  in  attendance. 

By  resolution  at  the  last  session  the  members  rescinded  the 
resolution  barring  board  members  from  the  legislative  com- 
mittee, and  amended  the  by-laws  so  as  to  make  the  vice-presi- 
dent an  ex-oflicio  member  of  the  legislative  committee.  It  was 
also  provided  that  prizes  should  be  offered  for  work  in  bring- 
ing in  new  members.  Mr.  Mayo  argued  at  some  length  to 
effect  the  cutting  from  the  programme  the  reports  of  delegates — 
too  much  time  is  devoted  to  matters  of  common  knowledge.  A 
lively  discussion  followed,  the  presenting  of  papers  being 
especially  referred  to,  and  although  no  action  was  taken  it 
was  plainly  to  be  seen  that,  in  the  latter  direction,  few  of  the 
members  favored  lengthy  papers  or  a  lengthy  programme  of 
papers. 


Maryland    Ph.A. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  Maryland  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ci  tion  extended  over  four  days.  The  deliberations  were  held 
at  the  State  House,  Annapolis,  permission  to  use  the  historical 
Senate  Chamber  having  been  obtained  from  the  Governor. 
Headquarters  were  made  at  Carvel  Hill,  now  a  hostelry,  but 
in  the  old  days  one  of  the   famous  houses  of  the  ancient  city. 

The  members  were  welcomed  by  Governor  Goldsborough  and 
Mayor  Strange,  both  of  whom  were  highly  complimentary 
in  greeting  the  visitors. 

J.  Fuller  Frames,  the  retiring  president,  praised  the  efforts 
of  the  various  committees  to  carry  on  the  work  of  the  asso- 
ciation, and  spoke  in  an  especially  commendatory  manner  of 
the  labors  of  the  committee  on  membership,  which  had  worked 
zealously  to  augment  the  ranks  during  the  year.  He  advocated 
the  formation  of  a  traveling  men's  auxiliary  as  a  means  of 
getting  better  acquainted  with  the  druggists  throughout  the 
State,  regarding  this  as  one  of  the  most  effective  means  of 
bringing  them  into  close  affiliations  with  the  organization. 
Mr.  Frames  further  discussed  the  Stevens  bill,  now  pending 
in  Congress,  which  permits  of  a  measure  of  price  control  and 
which  otherwise  aims  to  regulate  the  distribution  of  goods. 
Mr.  Frames  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  Stevens  bill  would 
be  promotive  of  great  benefit  to  the  retail  druggists  by  pre- 
venting limitless  competition. 

John  B.  Thomas,  of  the  Thomas  &  Thompson  Drug  Co., 
Baltimore,  also  favored  the  Stevens  bill. 

The  report  of  Treasurer  J.  W.  Westcott,  of  Hynson,  Westcott 
&  Co.,  showed  that  the  association  is  in  good  financial  con- 
dition, with  a  balance  in  the  treasury  and  all  obligations  met. 
Among  the  reports  submitted  was  one  by  Dr.  John  F.  Han- 
cock, chairman  of  the  Procter  memorial  committee  of  the 
A. Ph. A.,  which  is  intrusted  with  the  task  of  raising  funds 
and  providing  a  monument  to  the  "Father  of  American  Phar- 
macy," which  is  to  be  erected  at  Washington  in  1917,  the 
centennial  of  Professor  Procter's  birth,  when  the  American 
Association  will  hold  its  meeting  at  the  National  capital. 
Dr.  Hancock  urged  the  Maryland  Association  to  line  up  with 
other  State  organizations.  The  matter,  he  said,  had  a  special 
significance  for  Baltimore  because  Dr.  Procter  was  a  native  of 
the  Monumental  City,  having  been  bom  there  May  3,  1817, 
though  he  was  graduated  from  the  Philadelphia  College  of 
Pharmacy,  Baltimore  at  that  time  having  no  pharmaceutical 
training  school. 

The  feature  of  the  second  day's  proceedings  was  an  address 
by  Dr.  Charles  Caspari,  Jr.,  Pure  Food  and  Drug  Commissioner 
of  Maryland,  who  spoke  in  defence  of  the  sanitary  inspection 
law  enacted  at  the  last  meeting  of  the  Maryland  General  As- 
sembly, and  which  encountered  considerable  opposition  from 
a  number  of  the  druggists.  These  latter  took  the  ground  that 
the  bill  gave  excessive  powers  to  the  State  Board  of  Health, 
charged  with  the  enforcement  of  the  law,  and  to  the  sanitary 
inspectors  appointed  under  it.  Dr.  Caspari  proceeded  to 
argue  that  the  opposition  was  based  mainly  upon  a  misappre- 
hension of  the  facts,  and  that  it  really  was  designed  to  promote 
the  best  interests  of  the  pharmacists.  He  regretted  that  espe- 
cially druggists  should  have  antagonized  the  measure,  and  had 
thereby  greatly  hampered  the  work  of  the  State  Board  of 
Health,  when  they  should  have  in  every  way  facilitated  the 
efforts  to  abate  conditions  throughout  the  State  inimical  to 
the  wellbeing  of  the  public.     He  accused  certain   druggists   of 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


383 


having  gone  so  far  in  their  antagonism  as  to  charge  excessive 
prices  for  the  samples  of  drugs  and  other  articles  bought  by 
the  inspectors  to  carry  on  their  work. 

James  E.  Hancock,  chairman  of  the  legislative  committee, 
defended  the  opposition  to  the  law,  he  having  taken  a  prominent 
part  in  the  campaign  against  the  measure,  and  stated  the 
objections  urged  by  the  druggists  with  him.  There  was  con- 
siderable good-natured  fencing  over  the  matter,  both  sides 
making  some   strong  poijits,   but   in   an   entirely   amicable   way. 

David  R.  Millard,  the  treasurer  of  the  Maryland  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  presented  the  annual  report  of  that  body,  showing 
how  many  candidates  for  registration  had  applied  during  the 
year  and  how  many  had  passed.  The  following  officers  were 
elected:  President,  J.  F.  Leary,  Rock  Hall;  vice-presidents, 
1st,  Eugene  W.  Hodson,  Baltimore;  2d,  George  F.  Bunting, 
Baltimore ;  3d,  Henry  Howard,  Brookeville ;  secretary,  E.  F. 
Kelly,  Baltimore ;  treasurer,  S.  Y.  Harris,  Baltimore ;  executive 
committee,  J.  F.  Frames,  the  retiring  president,  and  George  H. 
Wendell,  Baltimore,  and  D.  P.  Schindel,  Hagerstown. 

Among  the  diversions  were  a  trip  up  the  Severn  River  to  the 
head  of  navigation ;  an  excursion  across  the  bay  to  Claiborne, 
on  the  Eastern  Shore;  an  inspection  of  the  Naval  Academy 
and  grounds;    dancing,   card   parties,    bathing   and   a   dinner. 


Pennsylvania  Ph.A. 

One  of  the  most  important  resolutions  passed  by  the  Penn- 
sylvania Ph.A.  at  its  annual  convention  at  Buena  Vista  Springs 
was  that  indorsing  the  Stevens  price-protection  bill,  which,  it 
was  stated,  "is  a  measure  that  will  aid  in  establishing  fair, 
free  and  honest  competition,  relieved  from  cut-throat  methods, 
and  give  the  independent  merchant  an  opportunity  to  do  busi- 
ness under  legitimate  conditions."  The  remedy  for  existing 
evil  conditions  was  held  to  be  under  the  Stevens  bill  which 
would  force  all  manufacturers  of  advertised  controlled  products 
to  stamp  the  retail  price  on  the  label  and  punish  retailers 
who  cut  this  established  price. 

President  Rich,ard  H.  Lackey,  of  Philadelphia,  in  his  annual 
address,  recommended  the  preparation  of  a  State  anti-narcotic 
measure,  the  provisions  of  which  should  coincide  with  those 
of  the  Harrison  bill  now  before  Congress.  He  pointed  out  the 
evils  of  indiscriminate  house-to-house  peddling  and  advocated 
the  passage  of  a  law  to  control  and  restrict  this  practice. 
Still  another  recommendation  was  to  the  effect  that  a  pro- 
vision of  the  proposed  pharmacy  bill  should  make  it  com- 
pulsory to  print  an  adequate  antidote  upon  the  label  of  every 
package  of  poison  sold.  All  these  recommendations  were  re- 
ferred to  committee. 

Dr.  F.  E.  Stewart,  of  Philadelphia,  in  reporting  for  the 
committee  on  patents  and  trade-marks,  warned  his  fellow  phar- 
macists that  in  taking  the  stand  in  favor  of  the  Stevens  bill 
the  harassed  retailer  in  his  desperate  attempts  to  correct  evils 
which  may  ruin  his  business  may  unwittingly  "jump  from  the 
frying  pan  into  the  fire." 

C.  Mahlon  Kline,  of  Philadelphia,  in  his  report  for  the 
N.W.D.A.,  advocated  the  establishment  of  a  National  Board 
of  Health.  He  also  favored  the  giving  by  the  next  State 
Legislature  to  the  Pennsylvania  Pharmaceutical  Examining 
Board  of  funds  sufficient  to  enable  it  to  protect  the  public 
health  by  the  enforcement  of  laws  which  come  under  its 
jurisdiction. 

The  Hon.  John  W.  Hoke,  of  Chambersburg,  made  the  formal 
address  of  welcome  to  the  delegates,  which  was  responded  to 
by  Col.  H.  C.  Demming,  of  Harrisburg.  Mrs.  Chas.  H.  La- 
Wall,  of  Philadelphia,  spoke  for  the  ladies. 

Among  the  items  of  business  transacted  were  the  following: 
The  adoption  of  a  draft  of  a  proposed  anti-narcotic  law,  and 
the  recommendation  to  the  incoming  legislative  committee  that 
it  prepare  drafts  of  a  heroin  and  an  itinerant  vendors'  bill; 
the  indorsement  of  the  Stevens  bill ;  the  election  of  Caswell  A. 
Mayo,  president-elect  of  the  A. Ph. A.,  to  honorary  member- 
ship; approval  of  an  amendment  to  the  Act  of  May  24,  1887, 
providing  for  the  printing  of  an  antidote  on  the  label  of  com- 
monly-used poisons.  Chairman  William  H.  Knoepfel,  of  the 
committee  on  membership,  announced  that  130  names  had  been 
added  to  the  list  at  the  low  cost  of  $18.  In  1911  it  cost  $780 
to  secure  428  members;  in  1912  the  cost  was  $450  to  get  149 
members,  and  in  the  following  year  38  members  were  added 
at  no  cost  other  than  postage.  The  loss  by  death  last  year 
was  16  and  by  resignation  and  non-payment  of  dues  28.  The 
need  of  a  heroin  law  was  emphasized  when  members  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Pharmaceutical   Examining   Board   declared   that 


the  sale  of  this  drug  in  the  stores  of  Pennsylvania  was  growing 
to  an  alarming  degree  with  the  corresponding  decrease  in  the 
sales  of  cocaine,  due  to  stringent  State  and  Federal  legislation. 

The  principal  entertainment  feature  was  a  circus  presented 
by  the  members  of  the  Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary.  It  took 
place  in  a  huge  tent,  pitched  in  the  ballroom  of  the  hotel  and 
the  performers,  all  of  whom  were  members  of  the  auxiliary  or 
the  parent  organization,  went  through  their  "stunts"  in  tlie  big 
ring  in  the  center.  The  Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary  elected  40 
new  members  during  the  past  year,  bringing  the  membership 
up  to  204. 

During  the  convention  the  Pennsylvania  Board  of  Examiners 
and  the  Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary  also  met  at  Buena  Vista 
Springs.  The  following  officers  were  elected  by  the  association 
and  auxiliary : 

Pa. P/i. .4 .—President,  Edgar  F.  Heffner,  Lo*  Haven;  1st 
vice-president,  Josiah  C.  Peacock,  PhiladelpMa;  2d  vice- 
president,  F.  M.  Siggins,  Meadville;  secretary,  David  J.  Reese, 
Philadelphia;  treasurer,  Francis  H.  E.  Gleim,  Lebanon^  mem- 
ber of  the  executive  committee,  Frank  P.  Streeper,  Philadelphia. 

Travelers'  .4  Mxi'/iary— President,  Edward  T.  Hahn,  Philadel- 
phia; vice-president,  J.  R.  Thompson,  Pittsburgh;  secretary, 
J.  C.  Reinhart,  Philadelphia;  treasurer,  J.  D.  McFerren, 
Philadelphia. 

The  next  annual  meeting  of  the  association  will  be  held  at 
Forest  Park,  Pa.,  beginning  June  22,  1915. 


Kentucky   Ph.A. 

The  37th  annual  meeting  of  the  Kentucky  Pharmaceutical 
Association  was  held  in  Lexington,  June  16,  17  and  18,  and 
both  in  attendance  and  in  interest  was  perhafis  the  best  meet- 
ing in  the  history  of  the  association,  there  being  150  members 
present.  Thirty-five  new  members  were  added.  The  reports 
of  the  various  officials  indicated  a  very  gratifying  condition  of 
affairs.  The  membership  continues  to  show  a  steady  increase, 
notwithstanding  the  recent  raise  in  the  annual  dues  from  one 
to  two  dollars.  The  treasury  has  become  sufficiently  strong 
to  bear,  not  only  the  regular  expenses,  but  the  publication, 
without  the  assistance  of  advertising,  of  the  proceedings  of  the 
annual  meetings. 

A  strong  resolution  was  enthusiastically  adopted  endorsing 
the   passage   by   Congress   of   the   Stevens   price-protection    bill. 

The  following  papers  were  read:  "How  to  Build  Up  a 
Prescription  Business,"  by  G.  O.  Patterson;  "What  Classes  of 
U.S. P.  Preparations  Should  the  Retail  Druggist  Prepare?" 
by  Gordon  L.  Curry;  "Bacteriological  Products,  Preparation 
and  Storage,"  by  George  Eisele;  "Counter-Prescribing,"  by 
Simon  N.  Jones;  "The  Dispensing  Physician,"  discussed  by 
Dr.  F.  H.  Clark,  of  the  Fayette  County  Medical  Society; 
"Should  Kentucky  Have  a  Prerequisite  Law  Requiring  That 
Applicant  Be  a  High  School  Graduate  Before  Admittance  to 
Examination  for  Registration?"  by  Otto  Mueller;  "Practical 
Pharmacy  and  System  in  Dispensing  in  the  Prescription  De- 
partment," by  Addison  Dimmitt;  "The  Best  Methods  of  Ad- 
vertising," by  Leon  Evans;  "Some  Needed  Amendments  to  Our 
Pharmacy  Law,"  by  Edward  Bloorafield. 

The  last  session  of  the  meeting  was,  upon  invitation,  held 
at  the  Experiment  Station,  when  addresses  were  made  by 
R.  M.  Allen,  chief  of  the  Food  and  Drug  Division;  C.  S. 
Porter,  chief  inspector  of  drugs,  and  Dr.  L.  A.  Brown,  chief 
chemist  of  the  drug  department.  In  addition  to  these  Dr. 
Lyman  F.  Kebler,  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  Washington, 
delivered  a  most  interesting  talk,  which  was  highly  appre- 
ciated by  the  association. 

Hy.  P.  Hynson,  of  Baltimore,  was  a  visitor  at  the  sessions, 
and  added  much  interest  to  the  various  papers  and  addresses 
throughout  the  meeting.  The  personal  charm  of  his  presence 
was  both  a  delight  and  an  inspiration  to  those  in  attendance. 

The  social  features  furnished  by  the  local  committee  could 
not  have  been  excelled,  consisting  of  receptions,  card  parties, 
automobile  rides,  to  which  were  added  a  cabaret  dinner  at 
the  Phoenix  Hotel,  and  a  visit  to  the  Elmendorf  dairy,  perhapa 
the  most  sanitary  institution  of  its  kind  in  America. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  ensuing  year: 
President,  Leon  Evans,  Mayfield;  1st  vice-president,  W.  K. 
Tibbals,  Somerset;  2d  vice-president.  Miss  Alice  Cad'en,  Lex- 
ington; 3d  vice-president,  Geo.  H.  Worland,  Brandenburg- 
secretary,  J.  W.  Gayle,  Frankfort;  treasurer,  Vernon  Driskell' 
Carrollton.  ' 

Next  meeting  to  be  held  either  at  Dawson  Springs  or  at 
Cerulean  Springs,   June   16,   17  and   18,   1915. 


3S4 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


W.  M.  BOWMAN  OHIO  STATE  PH.A.  PRESIDENT. 


Members    Decry    Pomerene    Amendnient    to    Harrison 
Anti-Narcotic"  Bill — Raise  Dues  to  $5  Per  Annum. 

THE  Ohio  State  Pharmaceutical  Association,  the  largest 
State  pharmaceutical  organization  in  this  countrj-  in  point 
of  membership,  1950  pharmacists  being  now  enrolled,  held 
iu  36th  annual  meeting  at  Cedar  Point  on  Lake  Erie,  July 
7-10,  President  Edward  Sehl,  of  New  Philadelphia,  occupying 
the  chair.  Waldo  M.  Bowman,  of  Toledo,  was  elected  to  head 
the  association  during  the  ensuing  year.     Others  elected  are: 

First  vice-president,  R.  C.  Start,  Toledo;  2d  vice-president, 
C.  L.  Furney,  Kenton;  secretarj',  Theodore  D.  Wetterstroem, 
Cincinnati;  treasurer,  Edward  W.  Harrington,  Columbus; 
member  of  O.S.P.A.  council  for  two  years,  Carl  Winter, 
Cleveland;  member  council,  five  years,  H.  T.  Thompson,  Lima; 
candidates  for  appointment  to  State  Board,  E.  C.  Davis, 
Akion:  J.  C.  Scott,  Bethel;  E.  S.  Ely,  Barnesville;  D.  D. 
Xeal.  Gallipolis,  and  Carl  A.  Schmidt,  Dayton;  delegates  to 
N..\.R.D.,  L.  W.  Funk,  Columbus;  C.  L.  Mclntire,  St. 
Mary's:  Ed.  H.  Thiesing,  Cincinnati;  C.  S.  Ashbrook,  Mans- 
field, and  Joseph  .Mbreclit,  Cleveland. 

In  his  annual  address,  President  Sehl  characterized  legis- 
lation as  the  paramount  issue  with  which  the  association  had 
to  deal.  He  advocated  vigilance  on  the  part  of  the  members 
to  see  that  no  pernicious  laws  are  enacted  and  that  laws  already 
enacted  to  safeguard  the  interests  of  pharmacy  should  not  be 
repealed.  Three  laws,  recently  effective,  were  of  interest  to 
members — House  Bills  No.  230,  393  and  326,  known  respec- 
tively as  the  insecticide  and  fungicide  law,  the  feedstuffs  law 
and  the  Duffey  bill  or  tlie  new  Ohio  anti-narcotic  law.  Lack 
of  interpretation  had  made  their  observation  extremely  difficult. 
Suits  are  now  pending  relative  to  the  constitutionality  of  bills 
Xo.  230  and  393.  Mr.  Sehl  was  in  accord  with  the  provisions 
of  the  Duffey  bill  except  that  no  arrangement  had  been  in- 
cluded for  the  care  of  the  poor  unfortunates  deprived  of  their 
"dope." 

President  Sehl  regarded  the  promoting  of  the  National  Drug 
Trade  Conference  by  the  .\.Ph.A.  as  a  splendid  achievement. 
Price- protect  ion,  after  many  years  of  agitation  by  the  N..\.R.D., 
seemed  nearer  a  reality.  He  advised  that  the  State  association 
continue  its  friendly  relations  with  the  National  organizations 
which  are  doing  so  much  in  behalf  of  pharmacy.  The  efforts 
of  his  predecessors  in  office,  nearly  every  one  of  whom  had 
touched  on  the  subject  of  Sunday  closing,  had  not  been  in 
vain.  Constant  agitation  had  resulted  in  the  druggists  observ- 
ing better  Sunday  and  weekday  closing  hours,  this  being 
especially  true  in  the  smaller  towns  and  cities. 

That  the  association  maintain  an  organizer  in  the  field  all 
the  time,  was  advised  by  President  Sehl.  If  the  dues  of  $2 
•were  insufficient  to  finance  the  work  of  obtaining  new  members 
and  retaining  the  interest  of  the  old,  the  dues  should  be  in- 
creased to  $3  per  annum.  It  was  not  to  be  expected  that 
Theodore  D.  Wetterstroem  and  E.  W.  Harrington  could  go  on 
indefinitely  giving  up  their  valuable  time  attending  meetings 
of  coimty  branches  as  they  have  in  the  past.  The  association 
should  get  an  organizer  to  do  this  work.  The  members  should 
take  a  more  active  interest  in  politics  and  endeavor  to  elect 
to  office  men  who  will  protect  their  interests.  A  means  must 
be  found  for  cutting  off  the  source  of  supply  of  habit-forming 
drugs  to  irresponsible  persons  who  engage  in  the  illegal  traffic 
for  the  purpose  of  making  money.  Until  such  is  found  the 
control  of  their  sale  and  distribution  will  be  a  difficult  matter 
In  his  tribute  to  deceased  members,  Mr.  Sehl  referred  espe- 
cia.lly  to  Charles  Huston,  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  asso- 
ciation and  its  first  treasurer:  O.  N.  Garrett,  president  '02 -'03, 
and  Z.  T.  Baltzly,  president  05-06.  The  Traveling  Men's  Auxi- 
liary aided  the  association  materially  in  getting  members  out 
to  meetings,  in  securing  new  members  and  giving  the  organi- 
zation publicity  in  the  trade. 

The  sissociation  adopted  a  resolution,  a  copy  of  which  is  to 
be  sent  to  eacli  U.S.  Senator,  condemning  the  Pomerene  amend- 
ment to  the  Harrison  bill  as  "an  iniquity  sure  to  foster  the 
habitual  vise  of  harmful  drugs"  and  which  will  "tend  to  in- 
crease the  number  of  unfortunate  users."  The  amendmen' 
would  exempt  physicians  and  nurses  from  the  requirement  of 
registration.  Following  the  charge  by  a  member  that  the 
officers  were  practically  elected  by  the  nominating  committee 
and  that  the  annual  election  was  a  farce,  that  committee  was 
instructed  to  report  not  less  than  three  candidates  for  each 
office.     The  election  this  year  was  thus  governed. 


The  by-laws  were  amended  making  the  annual  dues  $5  and 
changing  the  title  of  the  committee  on  pharmacy  laws  to 
committee  on  State  and  National  legislation.  It  was  the 
opinion  of  many  present  that  after  the  increase  in  dues  the 
association  would  soon  be  unable  to  boast  of  being  the  largest 
State  pharmaceutical  association  in  the  U.S.  The  Council 
was  empowered  to  engage  an  organizer  and  collector  for  the 
ensuing  year.  By  resolution,  the  members  endorsed  the  Stevens 
bill  and  the  recommendations  in  the  presidemt's  address.  Fifty- 
three  new   members  were  enrolled. 

.\mong  the  speakers  were  E.  P.  Sandles,  president  Ohio 
.Agricultural  Commission;  Professor  Halapleus,  Dr.  W.  A. 
.\ndrews,  Fred  R.  Atchinson,  Thomas  H.  Potts,  secretary 
N.A.R.D.;  L.  H.  Witte,  State  Drug  Inspector  W.  R.  Hower 
and  Miss  Bertha  Ott. 

Committee  reports  were  submitted  as  follows: 

Trade  interests,  George  F.  Reiser;  U.S. P.  and  N.F.  pro- 
paganda. Otto  Muhlhan;  papers  and  queries,  W.  M.  Bowman 
and  C.  R.  Burnett;  unofficial  formulary,  F.  W.  Kisker;  adul- 
teration and  sophistication,  Azor  Thurston;  drug  market,  Ed- 
ward Spease;  history,  Joseph  Feil;  pharmacy  laws,  L.  W. 
Funk;  county  organization,  Charles  L.  Mclntire. 

The  entertainment  by  the  traveling  men  was  lavish,  a.  re- 
ception and  card  party,  a  Dutch  lunch,  at  which  700  guests 
were  served  at  one  time,  and  an  excursion  to  Put-in-Bay  with 
a  chicken  dinner  at  that  place,  being  features.  Other  features 
of  the  convention,  beyond  the  travelers  to  supply,  were  the 
delightful  weather  and  the  beautiful  moonlight  nights. 

The  traveling  men  elected  the  following  officers: 

President,  \'an  V.  Dorr,  Cincinnati ;  vice-president,  H.  A. 
Bauman,  Akron;  secretary,  F.  D.  Brodrick,  Elkhart,  Ind. ; 
treasurer,  A.  H.  Burdsal,  Columbus;  council  of  administration, 
\'an  V.  Dorr,  C.  N.  Russell  and  George  M.  Schambs,  Cleve- 
land, and  Charles  Diehl,   Cincinnati. 


Nebraska   Ph.A. 

The  33d  annual  convention  of  the  Nebraska  Ph.A.  was  held 
at  Grand  Island  w-ith  an  attendance  of  about  500.  A  fine 
programme  was  arranged  by  Secretary  McBride,  of  University 
Place,  including  addresses  by  President  J.  H.  Schmidt,  F.  W. 
Nitardy,  of  Denver,  and  Dr.  J.  B.  Wood,  of  Kansas  City. 
Social  entertainments,  an  outing  at  Schimmers'  Lake,  an 
annual  banquet  and  ball  at  the  Liederkranz,  and  drives  about 
the   city   for   the   ladies   were   features   of   the   entertainmtnt. 

The  report  of  the  legislative  committee  was  of  unusual  im- 
portance. .After  a  review  of  the  laws  already  enacted  but  not 
strictly  enforced  it  was  set  forth  that  the  prime  purpose  of  such 
legislation  should  be  to  prevent  the  sale  of  narcotic  or  habit- 
forming  drugs  promiscuously,  to  prevent  the  sale  of  any  sort  of 
poison  bought  with  suicidal  intent  and  to  remove  as  far  as 
possible  the  chance  for  accidental  poisoning.  The  failure  of 
the  passage  of  the  Johnson  bill  at  the  last  session  of  the 
legislature  was  deplored  and  it  was  suggested  that  it  would 
not  "be  hard  to  guess  what  the  interest  was  that  prevented  its 
passage." 

"The  law  known  as  the  cocaine  law,"  said  the  report,  "is 
being  generally  observed,  but  it  is  well  known  that  there  are 
some  very  rank  offenders  of  this  law  in  the  larger  cities,  and 
possibly  in  the  smaller  ones.  The  chief  trouble  in  this  law 
seems  to  be  in  the  smallness  of  the  penalty  as  provided  for  in 
section  2,  and  what  is  still  more  fatal,  the  lack  of  any  officer 
who  feels  it   incumbent  upon  himself  to  prosecute   violations." 

The  following  officers  were  elected:  William  Brookley,  of 
Edgar,  president;  W.  E.  Clayton,  Grand  Island,  vice-president; 
D.  D.  Adams,  Nehawka,  treasurer;  J.  G.  McBride,  University 
Place,  secretary.  .As  candidates  for  State  Board  of  Pharmacy, 
J.  W.  Felter,  of  INIaxwell;  Neils  Mekkelson,  of  Kenesaw; 
J.  K.  McDowell,  of  Lincoln.  Delegates  to  National  convention, 
N.  P.  Hansen,  D.  J.  Fink,  A.  V.  Pease,  R.  A.  Lyman  and 
J.   E.   O'Brien.     Omaha  was  selected  for  the  next  convention. 


Colorado  Ph.A. 
The  24th  annual  meeting  of  the  Colorado  Pharmacal  Asso- 
ciation will  be  held  at  Pueblo,  Sept.  8,  9,  10,  where  the  head- 
quarters will  be  at  the  Congress  Hotel.  A  cabaret  dinner,  a 
trip  through  the  great  steel  works,  auto  rides,  and  a  fine 
programme  of  papers  are  among  the  attractions  already 
announced. 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHAR.ALICEUTICAL    ERA 


385 


California   Ph. A. 

The  eighth  annual  convention  of  the  California  Pharma- 
ceutical Association  was  held  at  Santa  Cruz,  with  a  verj' 
interesting  programme  of  social  events,  and  the  transaction  of 
considerable  important  business.  San  Francisco  was  chosen 
for  the  1915  meeting-place,  and  the  following  officers  were 
elected : 

President,  Prof.  F.  T.  Green,  of  San  Francisco;  vice-presi- 
dents, David  R.  Rees.  San  Francisco;  E.  G.  Bins,  Los  Angeles; 
secretarj -treasurer,  K.  B.  Bowerman,   San  Francisco. 

The  association  went  on  record  as  opposed  to  the  proposed 
eight-hour  law  amendment  to  be  voted  on  by  the  State  in 
November,  President  J.  A.  Sanford  declaring  that  its  enforce- 
ment would  be  a  hardship  on  the  retail  drug  trade  and  would 
certainly  result   in  the  reduction  of  wages. 

The  entertainment  programme  included  a  mvissel  bake  on 
the  beach,  a  "smoker"  filled  with  thrills  and  punch  (in  fact, 
there  were  three  boxing  bouts),  card  parties,  dancing,  banquet 
and  an  excursion  by  special  train  to  the  big  trees.  Among 
the  papers  and  discussions  were  the  following:  W.  B.  Dickin- 
son, "What  Shall  We  Do  When  the  Legislature  Convenes  in 
1915?"  C.  B.  Whilden,  "The  Harrison  Bill";  C.  M.  Twining. 
"Pr'ce  Protection  and  Uniformity  in  Prices";  K.  B.  Bower- 
man,  "The  H.  R.  Bill,  13305— Stevens  Bill";  W.  H.  Farley, 
"Paying  Commissions  to  Doctors."  W.  Gnerich,  "How  to 
Buy  Co-operatively  and  !Make  It  Pay" ;  ^Mrs.  E.  E.  Patterson, 
'  How  to  Buy  Co-operatively  and  Make  It  Pay" ;  N.  Schwartz, 
"How  to  Buy  Co-operatively  and  Make  It  Pay" ;  Prof.  F.  T. 
Green,  "Leaks  in  a  Drug  Store  That  Eat  Up  Profits" ;  W.  A. 
Wishart,  "How  to  Make  Window  Decorating  Pa)'" ;  Dr.  J. 
Zieg,  "How  to  Sell  Disinfectants  Over  the  Counter,"  "How 
Can  I  Make  My  Clerks  Sell  More  Profitable  Goods  for  Me?" 
K.  B.  Bowerman;  "How  Can  a  Drug  Store  Compete  With 
Dispensing  Physicians?"  C.  C.  Walker;  "How  Can  a  Drug 
Store  Compete  With  Dispensing  Physicians?"  W.  B.  Philip; 
"Soda  Fountain  Side  Lines,"  J.  S.  Aguirre;  "What  Should  a 
Pharmacy  Apprentice  Do  and  Expect?"  J.  A.  Sanford. 


The  Traveling  Hen's  Auxiliary  elected  the  following:  Presi- 
dent, J.  E.  Carey,  New  Rochelle;  vice-president,  T.  Cooper, 
Bridgeport:    secretary- treasurer,   R.   F.   Isbell,   New   Haven. 

The  associations  will  probably  meet  next  year  at  the  same 
place. 


California  Drug  Clerks'  Association. 

The  third  annual  convention  of  the  California  Drug  Clerks' 
Association  was  held  at  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  Building. 
Oakland,  an  address  of  welcome  being  given  by  ilayor  Mott, 
with  a  reply  by  President  J.  S.  O'Callaghan,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco. The  eight-hour  law,  the  employment  of  registered  phar- 
macists only  in  hospitals  and  similar  institutions,  and  the 
necessity  for  the  college  pre-requisite  in  all  candidates  for 
registration  were  among  the  matters  discussed.  The  association 
voted  in  favor  of  requiring  a  college  degree  essential  to  regis- 
tration. San  Francisco  was  chosen  as  the  next  convention 
city,  it  was  voted  to  hold  a  drug  show  in  that  city  this  Fall, 
and  the  following  officers  were  elected: 

President,  J.  S.  O'Callaghan;  vice-presidents,  C.  F.  Bassey, 
of  Oakland;  R.  L.  Terrell,  of  San  Diego;  A.  E.  O'Neill,  of 
Stockton:  H.  E.  Allen,  of  San  Jose:  R.  G.  Lindley,  of  Fresno; 
J.  P.  Taggart,  of  San  Francisco;  recording  secretary,  C.  F. 
Holman,  of  San  Francisco;  treasurer,  J.  R.  Busby,  San  Fran- 
cisco; executive  board,  Fred  DriscoU,  W.  H.  Adair  and  C.  B. 
Whilden,  all  of  San  Francisco. 


Connecticut  Ph.A. 


The  armual  convention  of  the  Connecticut  Pharmaceutical 
Association  was  held  at  the  Shoreham,  Morris  Cove,  the 
sessions  lasting  two  days.  .Among  the  papers  submitted  were 
a  report  on  the  New  York  State  Ph.A.  meeting  by  Thomas  F. 
Main,  of  New  York,  and  K.  O.  Curtis,  of  Bridgeport,  read 
a  report  for  the  committee  on  pharmacy  and  queries.  "Drugs 
in  General"  was  the  title  of  a  paper  by  P.  J.  Garvin,  of 
Bethel.  The  banquet  at  the  Shoreham  was  urique  in  that 
there  were  no  speeches,  and  a  cabaret  show  was  conducted 
while  the  banquet  was  going  on.    A  dance  followed. 

The  election  of  officers  resulted  as  follows:  President,  Har- 
rison D.  Purdy.  Derby;  1st  vice-president,  I.  H.  Le\-y,  New 
Haven;  2d  vice-president,  J.  H.  Lockwood,  Saybrook;  secre- 
tary-treasurer, P.  J.  Garvin,  Bethel.  The  following  names 
were  selected  for  presentation  to  the  Governor  from  which  to 
select  a  member  of  the  State  Pharmacy  Commission :  J.  A. 
Leverty,  Bridgeport;  John  B.  Ebbs.  Waterbury;  Samuel  'Thes- 
bro,  Willimantic;  Harold  Glendening,  Norwalk;  J.  W.  Mar- 
fiand.  New  Britain,   and   Edward  McQuaid,   Ansonia. 


President  Adams 


Texas   Ph.A. 

The  dual  sessions  of  the  Texas  Pharmaceutical  Association 
and  the  Texas  Drug  Travelers'  Association  were  held  this 
year  at  El  Paso  with  an  unusually  large  attendance  and  a 
great  deal  of  enthusiasm.  Houston  was 
chosen  as  the  convention  city  for  next 
year,  and  the  following  officers  were 
elected : 

President,  Walter  D.  Adams.  Forney: 
1st  vice-president,  A.  M.  Fischer,  San 
.\ntonio;  2d  vice-president,  C.  E.  Crav-, 
croft,  Sherman;  3d  vice-president,  Wil- 
liam Willman,  Brownsville;  4th  vice- 
president,  Jlrs.  E.  B.  D«Ter.  Houston: 
secretary- treasurer,  E.  G.  Eberle,  Dallas: 
home  secretary.  J.  W.  Graham,  Austin; 
historian.  Miss  Lum  Shipe,  San  Antonio, 

W.  F.  Martin,  of  San  .Antonio,  Tex. 
was  elected  president  of  the  Texas  Drug 
Travelers'  Association  at  a  meeting  of 
the  traveling  men.  L.  G.  Calvin?  of 
Dallas,  was  elected  1st  vice-president; 
T.  D  Barton  of  Amarillo,  «-as  elected  2d  vice-president,  and 
Dr.  i,.  G.  Eberle,  of  Dallas,  was  re-elected  secretar%-treasurer 
Ihe  travelmg  men  endorsed  the  selection  of  Houston  as  the 
ne.xt  place  of  meetmg.  The  retiring  president,  J.  E.  Gallagher 
presided.  ° 

President  John  A.  Weeks,  of  Ballinger,  recommended  five 
amendments  to  the  laws  of  the  State: 

AH  candidates  for  certificates  shall  be  required  to  pass  an 
exammation  m  chemistry,  pharmacy,  materia  medica,  bacte- 
riology physiology,  posology  and  toxicology-,  prescription  read- 
ing and  compoundmg  and  pharmacognosv ;  that  not  later  than 
January  1.  1916,  all  candidates  for  examination  for  pharma- 
cists certificates  be  required  to  give  evidence  of  successfully 
passmg  one  year  in  a  reputable  college;  that  all  candidates 
shall  also  give  proof  of  having  had  at  least  three  vears'  expe- 
rience: that  the  definition  of  R.  H,  Walker,  of  Gonzales  as  to 
what  a  reputable  college  is  be  incorporated  in  the  law  that 
the   examination   fee   for  pharmacisU  be  $5. 

R.  H.  Walker,  secretary  of  the  Texas  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy advocated  the  passage  of  better  drug  laws  by  the 
Legislature. 

The  report  of  E.  G.  Eberle,  of  Dallas,  showed  a  total  balance 
on  hand  of  S1406.38. 

The  San  .\ntonio  delegation  carried  off  most  of  the  prizes, 
several  of  its  members  being  chosen  as  the  officials.  The 
delegation  ^\-as  awarded  the  prize  of  $100  for  having  the  most 
members  attending  the  meeting  and  a  similar  amount  was 
won  by  Albert  Kronkosky  for  his  skill  as  a  tanw  dancer. 
On  the  trip  home  it  was  decided  to  utilize  the  §100  won  by 
the  delegation  to  establish  a  scholarship  in  pharmacv  at  the 
State  University  for  some  Texas  boy.  An  amount  sufficient 
for  this  scholarship  will  be  made  by  the  San  .\ntonio  druggists. 

Alabama  Ph.A. 
The  annual  convention  of  the  Alabama  Ph.A.  was  held  at 
Anniston  m  the  circuit  court  room  of  the  Calhoun  county 
courthouse.  Condemnation  of  violators  of  the  anti-narcotic 
laws,  and  a  demand  for  their  more  rigid  enforcement  and 
tor  the  enforcement  of  the  pure  food  and  drug  laws  were 
features  of  the  action  taken.  A  big  barbecue  at  Oxford  Lake 
and  a  banquet  at  the  Alabama  Hotel  were  among  the  enter- 
tainment features^  Ne.xt  year's  session  will  be  held  at  Selma. 
ihe  follow-mg  officers  were  elected: 

T  ^;^'f"VD-  P-  ^IcDairmid,  Talledega;  1st  vice-president. 
L.  L^  Scarbrough,  .Anniston;  2d  vice-president,  W.  S  V^^ 
Gadsden;  secretar>  W.  E.  Bingham,  Tuscaloosa;  treastS^ 
F.  F.  Ravenscro  t.  Union  Springs;  five  names  from  whfch  th^' 
Govemmr  will  fill  vacancy  on  State  Board  of  Pharmacv-  L  P 
Lewis,  Tuskegee  (present  incumbent);  S.  L.  Toomer,  AubunT; 

Po^  MobiL'"'  '  "°"'  ^'"  ''^'^°"'  ^^^^^'-  J°l^^: 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


F.  J.   CAMPBELL  HEADS  MASSACHUSETTS  PH.A. 


Members  Divided  on  Enrolling  Biker-Jaynes  Em- 
ployees, But  Can  Find  no  Ground  for  Discrimination. 

At  the  33d  annual  meeting  of  the  Massachusetts  State  Phar- 
maceutical Association,  held  at  the  New  Ocean  House,  Swanip- 
scott,  the  following  officers  were  elected: 

President,  Frank  J.  Campbell,  Lowell  (re-elected) ;  vice- 
presidents,  John  T.  Harper,  Great  Harrington ;  William  Hardie, 
Fall  River;  P.  J.  Fitzpatrick,  Wellesley;  secretary,  James  F. 
Guerin,  Worcester;  treasurer,  James  F.  Finneran,  Boston; 
trustees  of  permanent  fund,  William  F.  Sawyer,  Boston;  Ed- 
ward A.  Mole,  Adams;  James  W.  Cooper,  Plymouth;  delegate 
to  State  Board  of  Trade,  E.  LaPierre,  Cambridge;  candidates 
for  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  John  F.  Hayes,  Fitchburg; 
John  J.  Tobin,  Boston;  George  J.  Carroll,  Gardner;  State 
Board  of  Health,  Charles  F.  Nixon,  Leominster;  William  S. 
Flint,  \\"orcester;  Edwin  F.  Leonard,  Springfield. 

After  a  heated  discussion  S7  registered  pharmacists  and 
registered  assistants  employed  by  the  Riker-Jaynes  stores  were 
admitted  to  membership.  The  opposition  led  by  Frank  F. 
Ernst,  of  Jamaica  Plain,  was  based  on  the  claim  that  this 
company  is  hostile  to  the  small  druggist  and  that  the  appli- 
cations for  membership  were  a  part  of  an  attempt  to  obtain 
control  of  the  association.  Professor  C.  F.  Nixon,  W.  E. 
Chamberlain  and  G.  Charles  O'Connor  espoused  the  cause  of 
the  Riker-Jaynes  people,  asserting  that  it  was  not  possible  for 
the  association  to  discriminate  in  tlie  admission  of  new  mem- 
bers. Any  registered  pharmacist  or  registered  assistant  coming 
under  the  requirements  of  the  constitution  was  eligible  for 
membership.  The  applicants  were  admitted  by  a  margin  of 
two  votes.     Total  of  members  elected  was  214. 

The  abolition  of  the  sixth  class  liquor  license  was  a  subject 
of  discussion.  Druggists  can  sell  alcohd!  only  upon  prescrip- 
tion, whereas,  under  the  dollar  license,  hardware,  paint  and 
chemical  dealers  can  sell  any  quantity.  Grocery  stores  are  also 
permitted  to  sell  Jamaica  ginger,  while  druggists  are  prohibited 
from  selling  it.  Addresses  were  delivered  by  James  F.  Cava- 
nagh,  Everett;  Prof.  Elie  H.  LaPierre,  Prof.  T.  J.  Bradley, 
dean  of  the  Massachusetts  C.P.;  Frank  F.  Ernst  and  William 
R.  Acheson. 

The  entertainment  was  a  feature  of  the  convention.  It  in- 
cluded a  banquet  at  Jackson  Park,  a  baseball  game  between  the 
druggists  and  travelers,  a  fine  programme  of  field  sports,  band 
concerts  and  fire  works  and  the  annual  ball. 

The  Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary  elected  the  following  officers: 

President,  J.  .■\.  Baeder;  1st  vice-president,  R.  R.  Patch; 
2d  vice-president,  J.  H.  Johnson ;  secretary,  C.  H.  Townsend, 
Somerville:  treasurer,  William  H.  Henderson,  Maiden;  execu- 
tive committee,  D.  E.  Lochman,  C.  E.  M.  Harrington,  F.  W. 
Wormwood,  C.  C.  Frolich,  D.  F.  Chase,  F.  L.  Carter,  Jr. 
The  travelers  elected  35  new  members. 


West   Virginia   Ph.A. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  West  Virginia  Ph. A.  was  held  at 
the  Loch  Lynn  Hotel,  Mountain  Lake  Park,  Md.,  June  23-25, 
with  a  long  programme  of  papers,  addresses  and  varied  athletic 
sports.  The  exercises  were  concluded  with  a  banquet.  The 
officers  elected  for  1914-1915  were: 

President,  John  Elson,  Wellsburg;  1st  vice-president,  Charles 

D.  Sturm,  Clarksburg;  2d  vice-president,  P.  A.  George,  Ron- 
ceverte;    treasurer,    Cathan   Sinclair,    Wheeling,   and   secretary, 

E.  S.  Downes,  Welch. 


Wisconsin   Ph.A. 

George  H.  Kesten,  of  Milwaukee,  2d  vice-president  of  the 
Wisconsin  Ph.A.,  was  elected  president  for  the  ensuing  year 
at  the  Delavan  convention.  Other  officers  elected  included: 
1st  vice-president,  Edward  Hebbard,  La  Crosse;  2d  vice-presi- 
dent, A.  W.  Krehl,  Madison;  3d  vice-president,  William 
Thomson,  Milwaukee;  secretary  (re-elected),  E.  B.  Heim- 
street.  Palmyra;  treasurer   (re-elected),  W.  P.  Clarke,  Milton. 

S.  A.  Eckstein,  Milwaukee,  vice-president  of  N.A.R.D., 
and  for  several  years  president  of  the  Wisconsin  Ph.A.,  was 
elected  delegate  to  the  National  association,  which  will  be  held 
in  Philadelphia  in  August. 

Officers  of  the  Ladies'  Auxiliary  were  electsd  as  follows: 
Mrs.  Henrv  Rustad,  Delavan;  vice-president,  Mrs.  J.  E. 
Rogers,  Btaver  Dam;  secretary,  Mrs.  Will  R.  Thorp,  Milton 
Junction ;   treasurer,  Mrs.   George   King,    Janesville. 


.'\.  C.  Reichenbach,  of  Milwaukee,  was  elected  president  of 
the  \\"isconsin  Pharmaceutical  Travelers'  Association.  Other 
officers  included:  1st  vice-president,  H.  I.  Camahan,  Chicago; 
2d  vice-president,  Anton  Scheurer,  Milwaukee;  3d  vice-presi- 
dent, Ira  Davis;  secretary,  R.  P.  lUian,  Milwaukee;  treasurer, 
E.  G.  Raeubcr,  Milwaukee. 


Missouri    Ph.    A. 

At  the  annual  convention  of  the  Missouri  Pharmaceutical 
Association  at  Pertle  Springs,  a  Summer  resort  near  War- 
rensburg,  the  following  officers  were  elected: 

President,  O.  J.  Cloughly,  St.  Louis;  honorary  president, 
Louis  Grothe,  Cole  Camp;  1st  vice-president,  J.  A.  Trimble, 
Butler;  2d  vice-president,  John  M.  Hawkins,  East  Prairie; 
3d  vice-president,  H.  D.  Lewellyn,  Mexico;  treasurer,  William 
Mittelbach,  Boonsville;  permanent  secretary.  Dr.  H.  M.  Whelp- 
ley,  St.  Louis;  assistant  secretary,  Jacob  Lieberstein,  St.  Louis; 
Council,  Edward  J.  Schroes,  St.  Joseph;  D.  V.  Whitney,  Kan- 
sas City;  Alfred  W.  Pauley,  St.  Louis;  R.  A.  Davidson,  Essex; 
Joseph   Klinkcnboard,   Lamar. 

The  Missouri  Pharmaceutical  Travelers'  Association  elected 
these  officers : 

President,  Jerry  J.  ^lurphy,  St.  Louis;  1st  vice-president, 
Percy  R.  Hood,  St.  Louis;  2d  vice-president,  Scoolin  J.  Chap- 
line,  Kansas  City;  3d  vice-president,  Frank  Klein,  St.  Louis; 
secretary,  Bob  .4delsperger,  Kansas  City ;  assistant  secretary, 
Charles  Waggoner,  St.  Louis;  treasurer,  Dan  Liddy,  St.  Louis. 

Dr.  H.  M.  Whelpley  read  a  paper  on  "Prehistoric  Pestle 
and  Mortars  in  Missouri." 

A  resolution  censuring  manufacturers  for  refusing  to  sell 
direct  to  retailers,  claiming  such  manufacturers  were  acting  in 
restraint  of  trade  in  so  doing,  was  adopted. 


Illinois   P.T.A.    Annual    Election. 

The  Illinois  P.T.A.  meeting  at  Fox  Lake  was  called  to 
order  by  President  Burhans,  and  H.  E.  Cornish,  secretary  and 
treasurer,  presented  his  annual  report.  The  committee  to 
revise  the  constitution  and  by-laws,  consisting  of  Messrs. 
Keim,  Stevenson  and  Dudley,  presented  a  completely  revised 
constitution  and  by-laws  which  with  a  few  minor  changes  was 
adopted. 

The  following  is  the  new  roster  of  officers  of  the  Travelers 
for  1914-1915 : 

President,  A.  E.  Lahl,  representing  the  Welch  Grape  Juice 
Co.;  1st  vice-president,  A.  C.  Kennedy,  of  Robt.  Stevenson 
Co.;  2d  vice-president,  R.  D.  Keim,  of  E.  R.  Squibb  &  Sons; 
3d  vice-president,  G.  L.  Leonard,  of  Morrisson-Plummer  & 
Co. ;  secretary-treasurer,  R.  C.  Whidden,  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co. ; 
members  of  the  council,  M.  L.  Burhans,  chairman;  A.  W. 
Hobart,  John  Hott,  Frank  Hoey,  F.  W.  Dudley. 

.Auditing  committee :  Ralph  Smith,  of  Seabury  &  Johnson ; 
Frank  Burhans,  of  Miles  Medical  Co. ;  F.  H.  Eisner,  of  Best 
&  Russel  Co. 

A  rising  vote  of  thanks  was  extended  to  President  Burhans 
and  Secretary  Cornish,  who  each  responded  with  a  few  appro- 
priate words. 


Louisiana  Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary. 

An  association  r'  drug  travelers  to  work  in  connection  with 
the  Louisiana  Statt  Pharmaceutical  Association  has  been  formed 
at  the  instigation  of  H.  W.  Lyle,  and  while  independent  of 
the  State  organization,  will  draw  its  membership  exclusively 
from  that  body.  The  objects  as  set  forth  in  the  constitution 
are:  "To  assist  the  retail  druggists  in  every  way  in  the  pro- 
motion of  their  interests;  to  obtain  funds  to  be  used  for  the 
entertainment  of  the  members  of  the  Louisiana  Ph.A.  at  their 
annual  conventions,  and  to  lend  them  assistance  in  every  way 
as  occasion  may  require."  The  following  officers  have  been 
elected : 

President,  Harry  W.  Lyle;  1st  vice-president,  Paul  C.  Weil- 
baecher;  2d  vice-president,  George  S.  Humphreys;  recording 
secretary,  Francis  X.  Fitzpatrick;  corresponding  secretary, 
Julius  Renaudin;  treasurer,  Frank  J.  Fischer.  Meetings  will 
be  held  on  the  first  Tuesday  of  every  month  at  8  p.m. 


Georgia  Traveling  Men's  Auxiliary. 

At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Georgia  Ph..\.  at  Indian  Spring 
a  traveling  men's  auxiliary  was  formed,  with  the  following 
officers:  President,  T.  B.  Lewis;  vice-president,  R.  C.  Head; 
secretary-treasurer,  W.  R.  Bell ;  executive  committee,  J.  H. 
Vinson,    chairman ;     A.    H.    Waldon,    W.    J.    Deas,    W.    M. 


August,  1914] 


THE   PHARilACEUTICAL   ERA 


387 


Jleadows;  entertainment  committee,  E.  G.  Jacobs,  chairman; 
W.  Abercrombie,  J.  J.  Franz,  F.  W.  Green  and  A.  I.  Jessup. 
The  object  of  the  atixiliary  is  to  co-operate  with  the  pharma- 
ceutical association  in  providing  amusements  and  in  helping 
to  entertain  the  delegates  at  annual  meetings,  thereby  creating 
more  interest  in  the  meetings  and  at  the  same  time  developing 
a  closer  and  more  friendly  relation  between  the  salesmen  and 
the  retailers. 


Weights  and  Measures  Conference. 
At  the  recent  ninth  annual  Conference  of  Weights  and 
.Measures  of  the  United  States,  held  at  the  Bureau  of  Stand- 
ards, Washington,  D.  C.,  the  following  officers  were  elected 
for  the  ensuing  year:  President,  S.  W.  Stratton,  director  of  the 
Bureau  of  Standards,  Washington;  vice-president,  William  L. 
AValdron,  Trenton,  N.  J.;  secretary,  Louis  A.  Fisher,  chief  of 
the  Division  of  Weights  and  Measures,  Bureau  of  Standards, 
A\'ashington ;  treasurer,  Charles  C.  Neale,  St.  Paul,  Minn. 
According  to  the  reports  presented,  the  standardization  of 
weights  and  measures  has  sho^vn  great  progress  during  the 
past  year.  Delegates  representing  nearly  every  State  in  the 
Union  were  present  at  the  conference. 


Medico-Pharm.  League's  New  Officers. 
Following  the  recent  annual  meeting  of  the  Medico-Pharma- 
ceutical League  held  in  the  Hotel  Astor,  the  executive  com- 
mittee of  that  organization  met  in  BrookljTi,  N.  Y„  and  in- 
stalled these  officers  for  the  coming  year:  President,  Prof. 
Otto  H.  Rohde,  iLD.;  vice-president,  Enoch  Mather,  M.D., 
Detroit,  Mich.;  treasurer,  Eugenie  R.  EUiscu,  M.D.;  record- 
ing secretary,  Agnes  Sparks,  M.D.;  corresponding  secretary, 
Samuel  F.  Brouthers.  The  last-named,  together  with  Bernard 
Sacks,  and  ilessrs.  Lascoff,  Jones,  Machat,  Carter,  Emelin 
and  DeWaltoff  constitute  the  executive  committee. 


N.A.M.M.P.  Protests   Amendment  to  Harrison  BilL 

The  executive  committee  of  the  National  Association  of 
^lanufacturers  of  Medicinal  Products  held  a  special  meeting 
at  the  New  York  Drug  and  Chemical  Club  to  consider  pending 
National  legislation  and  to  protest  vigorously  against  the  so- 
called  Pomerene  amendment  to  the  Harrison  anti-narcotic  bill. 
There  were  present  at  the  meeting  Dr.  Henry  C.  Lovis,  Charles 
M.  Woodruff,  Dr.  A.  R.  L.  Dohme  and  Dr.  George  D.  Rosen- 
garten.  Dr.  Lovis  is  president  of  the  association  and  Mr. 
Woodruff  secretary. 


Dr.  Crumbine  Heads  Food,  Drug  and  Dairy  Officials. 

The  American  Food  and  Drug  Officials  at  their  18th  annual 
•convention  at  Portland,  Me.,  elected  the  following  officers: 

President,  Dr.  S.  J.  Crumbine,  Kansas;  vice-presidents. 
Dr.  E.  F.  Ladd,  North  Dakota ;  H.  C.  Smith,  Utah ;  A.  M.  G. 
Soule,  Maine;  secretary,  W.  M.  Allen,  North  Carolina;  treas- 
urer, Frank  A.  Jackson,  Rhode  Island;  executive  committee, 
James  H.  W'allis,  Idaho.  The  ne.xt  meeting  will  be  held  at 
Berkeley,  Cal.,  the  date  to  -be  designated  by  the  executive 
committee. 


Chicago  Drug  Club. 
At  their  headquarters,  the  Hotel  Sherman,  on  Monday 
evening,  Jtme  22,  the  drug  club  held  its  annual  "Good  Fellow- 
ship Night."  In  spite  of  the  hot  spell  the  members  attended 
in  large  numbers.  The  chief  speaker  was  Coroner  Peter  Hoff- 
man, of  Cook  County,  whose  topic  was  "Safety  First."  A 
special  programme  of  cabaret  performers  made  the  evening 
most  enjoyable  and  the  usual  refreshments  and  "smokes"  were 
served.     The  Club  will  meet  August  24. 

NEWS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATIONS. 


The  armual  picnic  of  the  Chicago  Drug  Club  will  be  held 
Aug.  13  at  Palos  Park. 

The  Houston  (Tex.)  R.D.A.  has  been  organized  with  the 
following  charter  members :  A.  E.  Kiesling,  F.  B.  Dwyer, 
Gus  Hoencke,  Ray  Ragland,  B.  W.  Steele,  E.  A.  Anderson, 
A.  C.  Fulton,  T.  J.  Nolan,  George  K.  Treadwell,  I.  Leviryn, 
J.  S.  Collins,  Max  Hoencke,  Bob  Walmsly,  J.  L.  Gilpm, 
W.  A.  Ridley,  R.  Webb  Mading,  J.  C.  Huston,  E.  E.  Letch- 
worth,  Gus  Dickehut,  Joe  Kuntzman,  B.  A.  Randolph  and 
H.   B.   Moore. 

The  drug  clerks  of  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  have  organized  with  the 


following  officers:  President,  Myron  Tillman;  vice-president, 
C.  E.  Horton;  secretary,  B.  T.  Ryell;  treasurer,  F.  G.  Cole; 
committee  on  constitution  and  by-laws,  C.  S.  Roy,  William  P. 
Ryan,  C.  E.  Horton;  on  propaganda,  R.  S.  Swayne,  Earl 
Allen,  B.  F.  Ryell,  F.  J.  Cole,  ilany  of  the  clerks  declare 
they  are  working  74  houirs  a  week,  and  they  want  a  nine-hour 
day. 

The  roster  of  officers  and  committees  of  the  New  Jersey 
Ph. A.,  some  of  which  were  printed  in  the  July  Era,  is  as 
follows:  President,  J.  C.  Gallagher,  Jersey  City;  1st  vice- 
president,  G.  M.  Hays  Deemer,  Atlantic  City;  2d  vice-president, 
William  F.  Weiss,  Dover;  secretary,  Frank  C.  Stutzlen,  Asbury 
Park;  treasurer,  James  C.  Field,  Plainfield;  executive  com- 
mittee, G.  M.  Hays  Deemer,  Atlantic  City;  Charles  J.  Mc- 
Closkey,  Jersey  City;  Leon  Taylor,  Lakewood;  Louis  T. 
Langheinz,  Elizabeth;  Harry  W.  Crook,  Newark;  legislative, 
Stephen  D.  Wooley,  Ocean  Grove;  David  Strauss,  Newark; 
George  M.  Beringer,  Camden;  Isaac  D.  Keuper,  Trenton; 
Thomas  Armstrong,  Plainfield. 

Druggists  of  Cavalier,  Pembina  and  Walsh  counties  (North 
Dakota)  have  organized  the  Tri-County  Druggists'  Association 
with  the  following  officers:  President,  E.  G.  Erickson,  Cavalier; 
secretary,  Louis  J.  Wilker,  Hensel;  executive  committee,  H.  B. 
Cook,  Cavalier;  Clyde  A.  Spillman,  Langdon;  D.  S.  Thomas, 
Fairdale;  R.  E.  Cuffe,  Concrete;  Robert  Swanlow,  Milton. 

S.  A.  Eckstein,  Milwaukee,  head  of  the  Wright  Drug  Co., 
and  1st  vice-president  of  the  N.A.R.D.,  and  George  H. 
Kesten,  alternate,  Milwaukee,  will  represent  the  Wisconsin 
Ph. A.  at  the  annual  convention  of  the  N.A.R.D.  to  be  held 
in  Philadelphia  during  the  week  of  Aug.  17.  At  a  meeting  of 
the  Milwaukee  Ph. A.,  held  July  16,  George  H.  Kesten,  Mil- 
waukee, and  Theodore  Mueller,  West  Allis,  were  elected  dele- 
gates from  the  Milwaukee  organization. 

.^t  the  annual  June  meeting  of  the  Missouri  Ph. A.  at  Pertle 
Springs,  Warrensburg,  Secretary  Whelpley's  suggestion  of  a 
special  committee  on  the  Beal  Endowment  Fund  was  accepted. 
It  was  decided  to  change  the  by-laws  so  delinquents  may  be 
dropped  after  one  year,  following  due  notice.  Charles  E.  Zinn, 
secretary  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy,  and  F.  H.  Fricke,  State 
Food  and  Drug  Commissioner,  were  given  a  vote  of  thanks  for 
efficient  services  in  the  cause  of  pharmacy  in  the  State.  It 
was  the  general  sentiment  that  it  would  be  best  to  ask  for  no 
changes  in  the  pharmacy  law.  It  was  decided  to  join  the 
Retail  Merchants  of  Missouri,  on  a  basis  of  60  members,  $15. 
Thirty-seven  new  members  were  elected.  The  next  convention 
will  be  held  at  Pertle  Sprmgs,  third  Tuesday  in  June,  1915. 

Several  hundred  friends  accompanied  the  Chicago  R.D.A. 
on  its  ninth  annual  boat  ride  to  South  Haven,  Mich.,  on 
July  23,  where  the  day  was  spent  in  bathing  and  boating. 

The  Erie  County  (N.Y.)  Pharmaceutical  Association  at  its 
recent  annual  meeting  elected  the  following  officers:  President, 
Robert  K.  Smither;  1st  vice-president,  E.  H.  Brecken;  2d  vice- 
president,  H.  M.  Anthony ;  secretary,  A.  H.  Reimann ;  treasurer. 
Max  L.  Kaestner.  The  members  expressed  themselves  as 
pleased  with  the  provisions  of  the  Boylan  law  and  offered  their 
support  to  any  meastu-e  that  will  restrain  the  formation  of  the 
drug  habit. 

The  National  Dental  Association  met  in  Rochester  on  July  9 
and  elected  the  following  officers :  President,  Dr.  Don  M.  Gallie, 
Chicago;  1st  vice-president.  Dr.  Edward  C.  Link,  Rochester; 
2d  vice-president.  Dr.  L.  P.  Dotterer,  Charleston;  3d  vice- 
president.  Dr.  D,  E.  Turner,  St.  Louis;  general  secretary.  Dr. 
Otto  King,  Huntington,  Ind.;  treasurer.  Dr.  H.  B.  McFadden, 
Philadelphia. 

The  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials  met  in  Atlantic 
City  on  July  1  and  elected  the  following  officers  for  the  en- 
suing year:  President,  A.  W.  Gibbs;  secretary-treasurer,  Edgar 
Marburg. 

At  the  national  convention  of  the  Alpha  Chi  Sigma  pro- 
fessional chemists'  fraternity,  recently  held  at  Madison,  Wis., 
the  following  officers  were  elected:  Grand  master  alchemist. 
Dr.  Harry  Curtis,  University  of  Colorado;  vice-grand  master 
alchemist,  L.  F.  Nickell,  Washington  University,  St.  Louis; 
grand  recorder,  Dr.  L.  I.  Shaw,  Northwestern  University, 
Evanston,  III.;  grand  alumnus.  Dr.  A.  N.  Buswell,  Columbia 
University,  New  York.  Dr.  J.  Howard  Matthews,  of  the 
University  of  Wisconsin,  who  was  the  grand  master  alchemist, 
of  the  fraternity  since  it  was  founded  in  1902,  was  made 
emeritus  grand  master  alchemist.  Thirty-five  delegates  were 
in  attendance  at  the  convention  from  26  schools. 


5SS 


THE    PIIAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


THIRD    OPIUM    CONFERENCE    AT    THE    HAGUE. 


New  Rendering  of  Chinese-British  Proposal  to  Put 
Convention  Into  Early  Action  Is  Accepted. 

M  the  third  Opium  Conference  held  in  lutie  at  the  Hall  of 
the  Knights  at  The  Hague  the  following  report  was  adopted: 

"The  Conference  believes— (1>  That  it  will  be  possible  to  put 
into  action  (he  International  Opium  Convention  of  January  23, 
1912,  notwithstanding  that  some  powers  which  have  been  invited  to 
sign  it  in  compliance  with  Art.  25,  Clause  1,  have  not  yet  done  so; 
(2)  that  the  Convention  will  be  put  into  force  by  all  the  Powers 
which  have  signed  it,  as  soon  as  these  Powers  and  those  who  have 
made  known  their  intention  to  participate  will  have  ratified  it. 
The  date  on  which  it  will  be  put  into  force  will  be  the  date  men- 
tioned in  Art.  24,  Clause  1— i.e.,  three  months  after  the  day  on 
which  the  Dutch  Government  will  have  communicated  the  last  of 
such  acts  of  ratincation  to  the  Powers." 

The  Dutdi  Minister  for  Foreign  Affairs  was  invited  by  the 
conference  to  make  tirgent  representations  to  the  Powers  which 
have  signed,  but  not  ratified  the  convention,  in  order  to  indtice 
them  to  declare  themselves  ready  to  proceed  as  soon  as  possible 
with  the  ratification. 

.\  new  rendering  of  the  Chinese-British  proposal  to  put  the 
convent  on  into  action  at  an  earlier  date  than  December  31, 
1914.  if  possible,  was  read  and  explained.  The  proposal  in 
its  new  terms  was  accepted  by  the  conference  and  the  following 
conclusions  were  arrived  at: 

A.  The  Conference  believes: 

tl>  That  it  is  possible  to  put  the  Convention  into  force,  not- 
withstanding the  fact  that  some  Powers  which  were  invited  to 
sign  the  Convention  in  compliance  with  Art.   23  have   not  done  so. 

(2)  That  the  Convention  will  be  put  into  force  by  all  the  Powers 
which  have  signed  it  as  soon  as  these  powers  and  those  which  have 
made  known  their  intention  to  participate  will  have  ratified  it. 
The  date  on  which  the  Convention  will  be  put  into  force  will  be 
that  which  is  mentioned  in  Art.  24— that  is,  three  months  after  the 
date  on  which  the  Dutch  Government  will  have  communicated  to 
the  participating  Powers   the  receipt  of  the  last   ratification. 

(3)  That  if  on  an  earlier  date  to  be  fixed  by  the  Conference  all 
the  Powers  which  have  signed  the  Convention  or  intend  to  do  so 
have  not  yet  ratified  it,  the  participating  Powers  which  have 
ratified  the  Convention  on  that  date  will  be  authorized  to  put  it 
into  force.  The  same  competence  will  be  granted  to  the  participat- 
ing Powers  which  will  ratify  the  Convention  after  that  date. 

(4)  That  the  date  mentioned  will  be  December  31,  1914. 

ii)  That  the  Powers  which  have  not  yet  signed  the  Convention 
will  alwavs  be  allowed  to  do  so. 

B.  The  Conference  concludes  that  at  the  Foreign  Office  at  The 
Hague  a  separate  Protocol  will  be  drawn  up  by  which  the  Powers 
which  have  signed  the  Convention  and  want  to  make  use  of  it 
will  make  known  their  intention  to  do  so.  The  final  Protocol 
will  be  drawn  up  by  the  Drafting  Committee  and  be  submitted  to 
the  judgment   of  the  Conference  at  the   meeting  on  June  24. 

In  his  closing  speech,  as  reported  in  the  Chemist  and  Drug- 
gist, of  July  4,  and  from  which  the  above  is  abstracted,  the 
Dutch  delegate  and  president  of  the  conference  (J.  T.  Cremer) 
said  that  the  moment  had  arrived  for  the  signatory  Powers  to 
continue  by  internal  legislation  "the  philanthropic  combat 
against  the  products  which  envenom  nations." 


Missotiri  Saccliariii  Law  Held  Void  by  Supreme  Court. 

That  saccharin  is  not  deleterious  to  the  health  and  that  the 
law  prohibiting  its  use  which  was  passed  three  years  ago  by 
the  Slissouri  Legislattire  is  discriminatory,  is  the  gist  of  an 
unanimous  decision  recently  handed  down  by  the  Supreme 
Court  of  that  State.  In  it  the  case  against  the  Empire  Bottling 
Co.,  of  St.  Louis,  is  dismissed.  With  the  assistance  of  State 
Food  Commissioner  Fricke,  the  Monsanto  Chemical  Works, 
of  SL  Louis,  manufacturers  of  saccharin,  made  a  test  of  the 
prosecution  against  the  Empire  Bottling  Company  to  prove  the 
validity  of  the  law.  The  law  prohibits  the  use  of  saccharin  in 
soft  drinks,  but  permits  its  use  in  foodstuffs. 

The  court's  opinion  reads: 

".\ccording  to  the  proffered  evidence,  one  would  need  to 
drink  about  13  pints  of  the  defendant's  soda  water  in  24  hoiKS 
before  he  would  get  to  the  danger  point  in  the  use  of  sac- 
charin. If  such  is  the  case,  the  amount  of  saccharin  in 
defendant's  soda  water  is  not  deleterious  to  health,  for  we 
cannot  imagine  one  so  addicted  to  its  use  as  to  consume  that 
much.  But,  independent  of  the  question  as  to  whether  such 
use  of  saccharin  is  deleterious,  w:e  think  that  the  statute  is  an 
arbitrary  discrimination  against  the  makers  of  soda  water. 
It  may  be  taken  for  granted  that  saccharin  is  or  may  be  used 
in  foods  and  dtinks  which  are  non-alcoholic.  Whether  it  is 
deleterious  to  health  or  not,  it  is  certainly  an  arbitrary  dis- 
tinction to  prohibit  the  use  of  saccharin  in  non-alcoholic  drinks 
and  not  prohibit  its  use  in  other  foods  and  drinks.  If  it  is 
deleterious  to  health  in  one  case,  it  would  be  so  in  the  other. 
If  it  was  the  purpose  of  the  Legislature  to  prevent  the  use  of 


s,iccharin  in  soda  water,  not  because  sacdiarin  is  deleterious, 
but  because  it  sweetens  the  soda  water,  then  it  is  an  arbitrary 
discrimination  in  favor  of  those  who  sweeten  soda  water  with 
sugar.  If  the  Legislature  regarded  saccharin  as  deleteriovis  to 
health,  it  should  have  excluded  it  from  all  foods  and  drinks, 
and  not  merely  from  non-alcoholic  drinks.  If  the  purpose  was 
merely  to  prevent  the  sweetening  of  non-alcoholic  drinks,  it 
should  have  prohibited  the  use  of  any  kind  of  sweetening  in 
such  drinks. 

"We  regard  this  as  too  plain  a  case  for  a  long  citation  of 
authorities.  It  falls  clearlv  within  tlie  principles  enunciated  in 
State  vs.  Milksicek,  225  Mo.  561,  1.  c.  572. 

"The  judgment  is  reversed  and  the  defendant  discharged." 


Saccharin    Smugglers   in   Europe. 

.-V  recent  number  of  tlie  Pharviazcutische  Zeitung  (Berlin) 
contains  an  interesting  account  of  the  tricks  practiced  by  the 
saccharin  smugglers  in  their  efforts  to  get  this  forbidden  chemi- 
cal past  the  frontiers  of  Germanj-,  .Austria,  Switzerland,  and 
other  countries  In  Germany,  the  manufacture  of  saccharin  is 
prohibited  by  all  firms  save  one,  which  holds  the  Government 
license.  A  price  of  30  marks  per  kilo — about  $3.30  a  pound — 
is  fixed  as  the  maximum.  The  law  prohibiting  tlie  manufacture 
went  into  effect  .April  1,  1903,  and  is  said  to  have  been  the 
result  of  a  campaign  carried  on  by  the  sugar  interests.  The 
provisions  of  the  law  are  very  drastic,  and  it  is  felt  in  many 
quarters  that  it  is  unjust,  in  that  it  deprives  persons  who 
might  wish  to  make  legitimate  use  of  saccharin  in  their  own 
homes,  of  the  right  to  obtain  it,  without  going  to  a  physician 
each  time  for  a  prescription.  The  demand  for  saccharin  is  very- 
large,  and  consequently  an  enormous  smuggling  trade  has 
arisen,  the  center  of  which  is  Zurich,  where,  it  is  alleged,  more 
than  a  thousand  persons  make  their  living  by  the  illegal  com- 
merce. 

In  Switzerland  the  manufacture  of  saccharin  is  free,  since 
that  coimtry  has  no  sugar  industry.  The  bulk  is  sent  to 
.Austria,  where  saccharin  is  an  ordinary  article  of  commerce,  and 
the  price  reaches  SO  marks.  But  smuggling  from  Switzerland  direct 
into  -Austria  is  a  precarious  business,  both  by  reason  of  the 
hea\-y  fines,  and  because  the  Austrian  customs  officials  keep  up  a 
much  sharper  lookout  than  the  German  officers.  The  usual 
route  is  by  way  of  Dresden.  Munich,  Chemnitz,  or  Leipsic. 
thence  over  the  .Austrian  frontier. 

The  oldest  method  of  smuggling  consisted  in  packing  the 
saccharin  so  as  to  imitate  chocolate  boxes,  or  in  match  bo.xes; 
other  containers  were  oil  and  milk  cans,  feed  bags  for  horses, 
smuggler's  coats,  vests,  and  entire  suits  with  secret  pockets, 
shoe  polish  and  oil  sardine  boxes,  etc.  Recently  one  sly  opera- 
tor used  a  number  of  specially  constructed  brushes,  with  double 
backs.  In  solution,  saccharin  was  sent  in  cases  as  champagne, 
and  the  smuggler  had  piled  up  his  thousands  before  the  de- 
ception was  discovered.  .A  specially  enterprising  rascal  made 
some  bo.xes.  holding  25  kilos,  which  fit  exactly  in  the  heaters 
and  other  fittings  of  railroad  cars.  .At  another  time,  blocks  of 
artificial  stone  were  made  up,  containing  saccharin,  and  sent 
across  the  border  by  the  wagon  load.  In  another  case,  wax  and 
saccharin  were  dissolved  in  ether,  and  made  into  candles, 
which  were  then  sent  to  Einsiedeln  to  be  blessed.  These 
articles  for  devotional  exercises  then  fotuid  their  way  to  a 
Vienna  firrn,  supposed  to  handle  nothing  but  religious  goods. 
There  they  were  treated  with  alkali,  and  the  pure  saccharin 
precipitated  by  acid.  Herring  boxes,  sesame  oil  cans,  and  in 
one  instance  a  black  coffin,  were  also  pressed  into  service 
A  more  original  trick  was  recently  discovered  at  Pfungstadt. 
near  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  where  a  carousel,  imported  from 
Switzerland,  was  found  to  be  provided  with  hollow  wooden 
horses,  neatly  packed  with  saccharin  cans.  In  1912,  a  large 
railroad  car,  about  75  feet  long,  and  designed  for  carrying 
furniture,  was  examined  by  the  customs  authorities  and  passed. 
But  on  weighing  the  car  with  its  load,  it  was  found  to  be  50 
cwt.  heavier  than  called  for  by  the  bill  of  lading.  The 
astonishing  discovery  was  made  that  the  sides  and  roof  of  the 
car  were  made  of  double  sheet  metal,  the  space  between  the 
two  skins  being  crammed  with  small  packages  of  saccharin, 
each  bearing  a  label  stating  weight  and  value. 

.All  saccharin  discovered  by  the  customs  officials  is  con- 
fiscated. In  .Austria  it  is  destroyed  by  burning,  while  in 
Germany  it  is  sold  to  the  concessioned  factory  at  the  cost  of 
production.  The  amount  of  saccharin  thus  turned  over  to  the 
factory  is  so  great,  that  for  a  long  time  none  has  been  manu- 
factured, and  a  large  supply  is  still  on  hand. 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


389 


Schools  and  Colleges 


College  of  Pharmacy,  State  University  of  Iowa. 

The  baccalaureate  address  to  the  graduates  of  the  University 
was  given  by  the  Rev.  Charles  H.  Henderson,  D.D.,  of  the 
University  of  Chicago.  Tuesday  of  commencement  week  was 
".\lumni  Day"  and  various  classes  held  their  reunions.  In 
the  afternoon  a  series  of  "stunts"  were  carried  out  as  well  as 
a  game  of  baseball  between  an  alumni  team  and  the  'Varsity, 
in  which  the  'A'arsity  team  was  the  winner. 

At  the  28th  annual  commencement  the  address  was  given 
by  the  Hon.  Alexander  MacDonald,  LL.D.,  managing  editor 
of  the  Toronto  Globe  on  the  subject  of  "Internationalism  and 
the  University'."  Two  students  received  the  second  degree  in 
pharmacj-,  that  of  Pharmaceutical  Chemist.  They  were  Homer 
D.  Long,  Ph.G.,  1911,  and  Thurston  J.  Long,  Ph.G.,  1913. 
The  degree  of  Graduate  in  Pharmacy  was  conferred  upon  a 
class  of  14. 

The  Dean  Teeters  prize  of  memWership  in  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  .Association  for  recognition  of  organic  drugs 
was  awarded  to  H.  M.  Doden,  of  Wilton.  Mr.  Doden  also 
attained  the  highest  rank  in  Practical  Pharmacy  for  the  senior 
year,  thereby  wiiming  membership  in  the  Iowa  Pharmaceutical 
Association  offered  as  prize  by  Prof.  Zada  M.  Cooper. 

Prof.  Kuever's  prize  of  a  year's  subscription  to  the  Journal 
of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  offered  to  the 
junior  student  attaining  highest  rank  in  Practical  Pharmacy 
was  awarded  to  L.  T.  Dyk,  of  Orange  City. 

The  marriage  of  Prof.  R.  A.  Kuever  and  Miss  Ruth  Hind- 
man  occurred  at  the  home  of  the  bride's  mother  at  Iowa  City 
at  8  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  June  20th.  Only  relatives  and 
intimate  friends  were  present.  Professor  and  Mrs.  Kuever 
passed  a  month  in  the  West  and  after  their  return  to  Iowa 
City  will  be  at  their  new  bungalow  home  on  the  West  Side. 


University  of  Southern  California. 
The  following  graduates  received  the  degree  of  Ph.C.  at  the 
recent  commencement  exercbes  of  the  L'niversitv-  of  Southern 
California  held  in  Los  Angeles:  Cecil  .\dams,  Thomas  Fred- 
erick Blake,  Daniel  Cohen,  Wallace  L.  Cornwall,  Orla  Mae 
Fitch,  Charles  Jack  Foerster,  Wilson  Orlando  Gibbs,  Lewis 
Edward  Gilson,  Harry  G.  Gostanian,  William  J.  Hannberg, 
T.  Milton  Haun.  Louis  A.  Hopkins,  Pong  Kwan  Lee,  Xorman 
Levin,  Robert  Cannon  McKnight,  Ronald  William  MacCorkell, 
Armond  W.  Malone,  S.  Nace  Jlarks,  Jr.,  Roy  Ellsworth  Mar- 
tin, Gertrude  Elsie  Mercer,  Henrv-  Louis  Miller,  Ray  Lloyd 
Miller,  Albert  Maurison  Muck,  Fred  Oshorn,  George  Hubbard 
Saltmarsh,  Curtis  Taylor  Schreyer,  Lannes  Sharman,  Marion 
Georgia  Schulman,  Russell  Ernest  Turner,  Andree  Patricia 
Viole,  -Arthirr  Frank  Wagner,  Samuel  Henry  Walters,  Lois 
Marie  Weller. 


Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy. 

At  the  93d  aimual  commencement  of  the  Philadelphia  Col- 
lege of  Pharmacy  degrees  were  awarded  to  a  class  of  146  from 
25  countries  and  States.  Eleven  were  given  the  degrees  of 
pharmaceutical  chemist,  six  were  awarded  certificates  of  pro- 
ficiency in  chemistry,  one  a  certificate  of  efficiency  in  the  food 
and  drug  course,  while  23  were  granted  certificates  in  bac- 
teriology. Stanley  Eugene  Sutton  was  given  Distinguished 
honors,  while  the  honor  Meritorious  was  awarded  Woods  D. 
Balliet,  Louis  Cohen,  Edgar  S.  LaWall,  Wm.  R.  Wallace, 
Alvin  C.  Webb,  Abram  Weinstein  and  Elwyn  J.  Wheeler.  The 
following  prize  awards  were  bestowed : 

\V.   B.   Memorial  Gold  Medal   and  certificate,   Stanley   E.   Sutton. 

Chemistry  Prize,  ?25,  William  R.  Wallace;  honorable  mention, 
E.  S.  LaWall. 

Materia  Medica  Prize,  $25,  Anton  Hogstad,  Jr. ;  honorable  men- 
tion, W.  D.  Balliet,  E.  S.  LaWall,  Elmer  F.  Merz,  Nervin  A. 
Myers,    S.    E.    Sutton,   Alvin   S.    Webb,    Elwyn  J.   Wheeler. 

Microscopic  Research  Prize,  compound  microscope,  Anton  Hogstad, 
Jr.;  honorable  mention,  Edmund  E.  Carr,  Daniel  .1.  Fry,  Jr., 
Wm.  W.  Hockenberger,  Frank  L.  Kahler,  Walter  M.  KauSman, 
Norris    D.    Rowland,    Edwin    R.    Spangler,  Alvin    C.    Webb. 

Analytical  Chemistry  Prize,  $25,  Wm.  R.  Wallace;  honorable 
mention,   S.   E.   Sutton,  Alvin  C   Webb. 

Operative  Pharmacy  Prize,  $20,  Stanley  E.  Sutton;  honorable 
mention,  W.  D.  Balliet,  Charles  F.  Kutteroff,  Forrest  S.  Marshall, 
Edwin   R.   Spangler,  Alvin   C   Webb,   Fred   C.   Wolverton. 

Maisch  Botany  Prize,  $20,  Alvin  C.  Webb;  honorable  mention, 
Edmund  E.  Carr,  Daniel  J.  Fry,  Jr.,  Walter  M.  Kauffman,  Edwin 
R.   Spangler. 

Mahlon  N.  Kline  Theoretical  Pharmacy  Prize,  $20,  Stanley  E. 
Sutton. 

»,ommercial  Pharmacy  Prize,  ?20,  John  C.  Gehrung;  honorable 
mention,  Joseph  F.  Bordorf.  Louis  Cohen,  Meyer  C.  Epstein,  Ner- 
vin A.  Myers,  Stanley  E.  Sutton,  Alvin  C  Webb,  Elwyn  J. 
WTieeler. 

Instructors'  Prize,  $20,  Stanley  E.  Sutton;  honorable  mention, 
Cnas.  L.  Gantert,  Anthony  LaCourse,  Jr.,  Lee  T.  Trambley,  Alvin 
C.   Webb,  Abram  Weinstein,   Elwyn  J.   VSTieeler. 

Pharmacy  Quiz  Prize  (membership  in  A. Ph. A.),  Alvin  C.  Webb; 
honorable  mention,  Edgar  S.  LaWall,  Alvin  C.  Webb,  Elwyn  J. 
Trambley,   Abram   Weinstein,    Elwyn   J.   Wheeler. 

Special  Lecture  Report  Prize,  $10,  Charles  F.  Kutteroff;  honorable 
mention,  Louis  Cohen,  Charles  L.  Gantert,  Anton  Hogstad,  Jr., 
Maurice   Rosoff. 

Kappa  Psi  Fraternity  Prize,  gold  medal,  Stanley  E.  Sutton; 
honorable  mention,  Edgar  S.  LaWall,  Alvin  C.  Webb,  Elwyn  J. 
Wheeler. 


University   of   Colorado. 

Four  candidates  received  the  degree  of  Ph.C.  at  the  recent 
commencement  of  the  School  of  Pharmacy,  and  one  received 
the  degree  of  B.S.  in  Pharmacy.  The  following  is  the  list  of 
graduates   and  their   occupations: 

Miss  Ilah  Irish,  Ph.C,  is  spending  the  Summer  at  Estes 
Park,  and  in  the  Fall  intends  to  take  up  pharmacy  work  in 
Denver. 

Rex  Harrington,  Ph.C,  who  is  spending  a  few  months  in 
Denver,  expects  to  locate  in  Oregon. 

Dr.  Henrv'  F.  Masson,  Ph.C,  has  returned  to  his  home  in 
Washington,  Iowa,  where  he  will  resume  the  practice  o^ 
medicine. 

Charles  F.  Poe,  Ph.C,  B.S.  (Pharm.),  is  now  engaged  as 
instructor  in  chemistry  and  food  and  drug  analyst  at  the 
University  of  Colorado. 


North  Dakota  A.C.  School  of  Pharmacy. 
Five  students  completed  the  coiu-se  in  pharmacy  and  received 
degrees  at  the  recent  commencement  exercises  held  in  Fargo. 
They  are  Edwin  C  Zimmerman.  Martin  H.  Krantz,  W.  E. 
Henderson,  Lincoln  A.  Hanson  and  .Arthur  Fossimi.  .A.  majority 
of  the  graduates  have  already  sectired  positions  and  will  soon 
report  for  work. 


University  of  Michigan  School   of  Pharmacy. 

Over  1000  graduates  received  degrees  at  the  recent  com- 
mencement exercises  of  the  L^niversity  of  Michigan,  the  School 
of  Pharmacy  furnishing  its  quota  of  those  honored. 

The  Summer  session  opened  Jime  29  with  40  students  en- 
rolled in  the  School  of  Pharmacy. 

Dean  J.  O.  Schlotterbeck  has  obtained  a  house  in  Ann 
.Arbor  and  will  return  upon  the  opening  of  the  imiversity  in 
the  Fall.  Dr.  Schlotterbeck  has  been  absent  during  the  past 
two  years,  during  which  period  he  installed  a  scientific  labora- 
tory for  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.,  Rochester,  X.  Y. 

.Acting  Dean  .A.  B.  Stevens  recently  addressed  the  students 
of  the  Summer  session  on  the  subject,  "The  Manufactvire  of 
Japanese  Lac  and  Lacquer  Ware." 

E.  D.  Gibson,  Ph.C,  '14,  will  travel  extensively  in  Europe 
this  Summer  before  going  to  his  home  in  Buenos  Ayres. 

N.  B.  Lawrence,  B.S.,  '14,  has  accepted  a  position  with 
J.  Hungerford  Smith. 

F.  T.  Bradt,  B.S.,  '14,  is  first  assistant  chemist  to  Dr.  A.  B. 
Lyons,  of  Nelson  Baker  &  Co.,  Detroit. 

W.  L.  Mitchell,  B.S.,  '14,  is  with  Merck  &  Co.,  Rahway, 
N.    J. 

J.  K.  Lilly,  Jr.,  Ph.C,  '14,  will  take  up  his  duties  with 
Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  Indianapolis. 

L.  S.  Blake,  B.S.,  '13,  professor  of  pharmacy  at  Alabama 
Polytechnic  Institute,  is  registered  at  the  university  for  his 
master's  degree. 


North  Pacific  C.  of  P. 
.At  the  recent  commencement  exercises  11  students  completed 
the  course  in  pharmacy  and  received  the  degree  of  Ph.G.  in 
the  presence  of  a  large  gathering  of  relatives  and  friends.  The 
annual  address  was  delivered  by  Dr.  Charles  J.  Smith,  Demo- 
cratic nominee  for  Governor  of  the  State,  and  the  charge  to 
the  graduates  was  given  by  Dr.  Luther  R.  Dyott.  Reports  to 
hand  indicate  a  large  increase  in  attendance  next  year.  Prof. 
C  M.  McKellips,  formerly  dean  of  the  Department  of  Phar- 
macy, Oregon  State  College,  whose  resignation  from  that 
position  was  recently  noted  in  the  Er.\,  becomes  head  of  the 
N.P.C.P.  at  the  beginning  of  the  October  term. 


390 


THE    rHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


A  Porto   Rico  Examination. 


[August,  1914 


Student   Wrius  Highland  Park  College.  Des  Moines,  Iowa— 
English  Faulty  But  Heart  Right. 

Mannabo,  Porto  Rico,  May  IS,  1914 
Dear  Professors: 

I  am  feeling  fine  now,  I  took  last  examination  of  April  27th 
and  I  passed  everything. 

The  programme  was: 

Monday— Hysiene  9  to  11  a.m.     Fisics  2  to  4  p  m 

ru«day— Fisiology  9  to  11  a.m.  Inorganic  Chemistry  2  to 
4  pjn. 

Wednesday-mtmz\  History,  Botany,  Zoology,  Minnereology 
9  to  1 1  a.m.     Organic  Chemistry  2  to  4  p  m 

Thursday— Untaio.  Medica  of  vegetable  drugs  9  to  11  am 
Materia  Mcdica  Inorganic  2  to  4  p.m. 

T'rkfay— Toxicology  9  to  11  a.m.  Incompatibilities  2  to  4 
pjn. 

Saiurday-V.SV.  9  to  11  a.m.  Practical  work  and  identi- 
fication of  drugs  from  2  to  4  p.m.  Some  examination,  believe 
me     My  ears  were  something  like  red  precipitated 

=   T  i^V  ^}'"1^'  "J""*?:'    ^'''"   '""^   O^g'^"'':   Chemistry  was 
awful  hard;   but  that   Organic— Oh!   Mine' 

I  saw  in  the  Highlander  the  Highland  Park  Registered 
Pharmacists.  Congratulations  to  my  classmates.  They  did  a 
nice  work  for  Highland  Park.  I  guess  I  did  something  for 
Highland  in  Porto  Rico  Board  of  Pharmacy.  I  think  that 
everyone  graduated  from  Highland  Park  can  pass  any  State 
board  m  the  whole  world.  J       »  <= 

The  requirements  in  Porto  Rico  Board  are  Diploma  for  a 
good  school  of  Pharmacy,  good  moral  character  with  a  certifi- 
cate of  the  Mayor  of  the  native  town  and  two  years  of  drug 
store  experience.     What  you  know  about  that.  Prof.? 

I  want  to  see  a  boy  from  a  plugging  school  taking  the 
Board  m  Porto  Rico.  I  guess  if  one  of  those  boys  try  the 
board  will  laugh  at  them.  The  board  here  is  composed  of 
hve  members,  all  them  are  old  people,  that  know  something 
Ihey  gave  me  the  examination  in  Spanish  because  they  don't 
give  It  m  English.  I  translated  all  that  I  learn  in  H  P  C 
and  everything  was  all  right.  The  practical  work  was  awful' 
Ihey  send  me  to  make  60  Gm.  of  EIi.xer  of  I  O  and  S 
without  book. 

Well,  Prof.,  best  regards  for  Dr.  Parker,  Zuker,  French  and 

Galloway.     Excuse  me  everything  wrong  in  these  letter  because 

I  dont  know  enough  English.     Best  regards  to  all  members  of 

Mortar  and  Pestle   Club.    Well,  Rah!   Rah  I   Rah!   Highland' 

Good-by  Prof,  thanks  for  all  your  work  done  in  myself. 

Yours  very  truly, 

OcTAVio  Garcia. 


. 


Board  Examinations 


DENVER     Tulv    ?n     t  °?'°'^^<1;°- 

Lea.   Leadvill"     |r.,«7F  w-i  I'^^'^'^'t  ^"i  '^?''8^":    Kenneth   A. 

II.   Brown,  all  of  Denver  ^'"'^"'''    ^"   Harrington  and  ThomVJ 

,  Missouri. 


John  E.  Rayr  C?icke^^  i^""J'W '^'"''l"  f'  ?'''""•  Portagevil lel 
St.  LouisfEdlvin  r  Rheim  Sf  fn??'  ^H  ^"""'V  l""'^  J-  "elms 
Ridee    111  •   H    n    r    V       V  ^'■„^°"'^=  Henry  A.   Karger,  Karger's 

Lou,s.  passed   the  examinations   as' alsistanlpharnfaci^tr"""'    ^'• 


North    Carolina 

."» .vi,u;.'' •"■■•■"  ■-«■".  ^^^^^^^^^ 

f-irby,  Marion;  j9hnGRobersonrr.Tn.l,°'''T°"v  Kenneth  A. 
Jr.,  High  Point-  William  TTT1,!'""S=,J.°"P''  ^-  Hoffman, 
Porrisette.  El  ?abeth  cfty-  Runerf  W "' T  ^=''"""^A  C^'^'"  B 
Fletcher  B.  Bizzel  Kinsto'n  •  te^M  ^'i- ^^tT-"'*''"'  Chapel  Hill; 
W.  B.  Elkins,  SHer  C  ?v-  DaviH  T  R  •?•  ^i^""'  Cameron;  Vaa 
H.  Ward,  TarboroT  Wi  son  W  All^'n  Ul"i  Faxetteville;  Edward 
Davis,  Waynesvil le;  EHis  T  Mclnni?  t"'°"V"^=  ^i=''"'>  ^■ 
Macon;  Theodore  E.'  Stiinback.  Ken"y  '  '°^ '  J^"""  ^-  ^etts. 
William  A.  Isler  (colored).   Raleigh. 


TTniversity  of  Washington. 
_  For  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  the  University  of  Wash- 
mgton  School  of  Pharmacy,  the  degree  of  Master  of  Science 
in  Pharmacy  was  conferred  upon  a  graduate  of  this  institution 
Miss  Frances  E.  Hindman,  Ph.C,  B.S.,  who  completed  the 
full  five  years'  course  with  high  honors.  She  will  serve  as 
instructor  in  pharmacy  in  the  school  during  the  coming  year 
and  abo  as  assistant  State  chemist  and  bacteriologist.  The 
degree  of  B.S.  was  conferred  on  six  candidates  who  had  com- 
pleted the  four-year  course,  while  13  graduates  received  the 
degree  of  Ph.C. 

Earl  M.  Piatt,  B.S.  (Pharm.),  a  member  of  this  year's 
graduatmg  class,  who  has  been  an  assistant  in  pharmacy  in 
the  laboratory  of  the  school  for  the  last  two  years,  will  serve 
as  mstructor  in  materia  medica  and  pharmacognosy  during 
the  coming  year. 


LISBON  North  Dakota. 

auspices   of  the''sta'?e~Board^nf-'pT    ^''^'"'"ation    held    under    the 

Chrfft?an"^l     Utchvni|-'-^e'?non"r^"""^'-    «="'"«";    John    E. 
Hanson,    Wyndmerel   CaVl    E     Kran^z     FnH°  r'""'T°"J     V""'"    A. 

re|f'S;4>^.'^^^"A\T,:^j^,?|>7-P'e.   Rugby;   Howard   S.   Hen- 
FaTgo.  Oc't'.  S,!'""^  °'  "'^  '"""'  f°^  examination  will  be  held  at 

an'^nou^nt'^d  ^ha^T&^ap'pli'ca-nls'^?^?  ^^f^  ^'  its  meeting  here 
examinations  held  Tune  15  to  19  ?n  r  j  u^^^  .Sf  "^  Pa"ed  the 
96^  was  received  irAIbert"  l  Wil^'"orS"aytoJ'"=  **"«*■"'  «"<>'• 
^!!f.i^;r;?;!!JV^-fl=Jeredpharmacisis1re°a^foIlows: 


Notes  of  the  Schools. 

At  the  commencement  exercises  of  the  Pittsburgh  College 
of  Pharmacy,  the  degree  of  doctor  of  pharmacy  was  bestowed 
upon  five  graduates;  one  received  the  degree  of  Pharmaceutical 
Chemist,  and  79  the  degree  of  Graduate  in  Pharmacy.  Cer- 
tificates of  proficiency  in  materia  medica  and  chemistry  were 
awarded  two. 

At  the  recent  commencement  exercises  of  the  Iowa  College 
of  Pharmacy  17  were  awarded  the  degree  of  Graduate  in 
Pharmacy,  and  two  the  Ph.C.  degree.  The  class  officers  were 
W.  E.  Palmer,  president;  M.  R.  Hohmann,  vice-president, 
and   Maude   Wieland,   secretary-treasurer. 


N.  Lennant.  G.  L.  n;V  JohnTvomin  V-  I'i"""''..^^''"'  '^-"'^"' 
James  Lemant,  Jr.,  Arthur  H  BeXr'/  p/'"!  f'  ""bkershman, 
Eisemann,  Warren  F.  Miller  T  E  m'^o^T^^  ^^  ^tein,  Emil  A. 
J.  R.  Herbi^.  T    n    m.q;:j5!;'_-'tJ^-.  *l'^.9'l"and.   George   E.    Kurtz, 


.vuiverton;  Uayton,  Albert  R.  \ViU  Oscir  V  n  "^^>.^,-  '-■ 
Gurney  Laughbaum,  Fred  E  Barr-  f-'r..„  m^  t  Owens;  Galion, 
H.  V.  Routzong;  Toledo  B  C  Christen  If,;  ^^S^^  Wagner 
Kryzaniak;  Oberlin.  Mer  e  f  Chri^fl  T^i,  '^1""^^  Ho'dgraf,  S.  E 
Lew  s  Szendery,  Akron.  Arthur  wVhmidt^  T^n""^""  \.?-^r.'^""'>'- 
Whelton;  Zanesville.  Leafy  A  SaAicr -rhrr'  }l°'^'?'  William  L. 
Mechanicsburg.  Paul  C  SU^r-  Garr'e.Kv llVr'^^'  ^"'^  Epstine; 
E.dorado,  O.  M.  Mastom;  Orrvil.;,  nusZnT^y^J^"^J.,J^<>l]-^l. 


August,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


391 


Marcum;  Dresden,  Wayne  Anderson;  Bucynis,  Omar  W.  Turn; 
Montgomery,  Frank  Baker;  Circleville,  Fred  A.  Powell;  Van  Wert, 
Earl  A.  May;  Upper  Sandusky,  D.  F.  Billhardt;  Chicago  Junction, 
M.  E,  Williams;  East  Liverpool,  J.  F.  McGovern;  Lima,  Lloyd  X. 
Mell;  Gallipolis,  Joseph  M.  Neal;  Waverly,  John  A.  Jones;  Piqua, 
John  R.  Walsh;  Jackson,  Paul  E.  Shaffer;  Belpre,  Jas.  R.  Glazier; 
Fayette,  C.  A.  Onweller;  Wauseon,  B.  L.  Hammontree;  Clarington, 
Ernest  Wicnterman;  Swanton,  Robert  F.  Smith;  McConnellsville, 
O.  C.  Taylor;  Martins  Ferry,  J.  R.  Lewis;  Barnesville,  C.  H. 
Rutler;  St.  Bernard,  Wm.  H.  Schultz;  Ashtabula,  C.  J.  Cassidy; 
Lowellville,  William  Saltzman;  Sardina,  E.  L.  Kress;  Rogers,  L.  T. 
Williams;  Pleasant  City,  W.  E.  Kackley;  Newport,  Ky.,  Valentine 
Diebold;  Covington,  Ky,,  F.  M.  Crawford;  Normal,  Ky.,  C.  W. 
Davis. 

Out  of  a  class  of  64  who  took  the  examination  as  applicants  for 
registration  as  assistant  pharmacists,  44  were  successful,  as  follows: 

Cincinnati,  W.  H.  Cordana,  A.  G.  Gutzmiller,  M.  £.  Adler,  F.  A. 
Valermann,  W.  J.  Casper.  W.  F.  White;  Cleveland,  F.  E.  Heb- 
bard,  William  McClain,  L.  E.  Robinson,  B.  G.  Timen,  A.  R. 
Martin,  Joseph  Adelstein,  M.  F.  Wallace,  G.  L.  Kappus,  John 
Blauchfield,  Eugene  G.  Reiner,  O.  V.  Herold,  A.  F.  Pence,  M.  E. 
Horn;  Columbus,  Fannie  Jamison,  W.  W.  Tyler,  Jesse  Starks; 
Canton,  Lewis  Rudmer,  J.  C.  Syler;  Springfield,  E.  P.  Jackson; 
Zanesville,  C.  T.  Swope,  J.  H.  Atkinson;  Akron,  H.  A.  Lins,  E.  A. 
Ahem;  Dayton,  J.  C.  Moflet,  Medina,  H.  H.  Bachtell;  Loudon- 
ville,  T.  C.  Covert;  Youngstown,  G.  E.  Robinson;  Williamsburg, 
P.  E.  Elrod;  Middletown,  E.  E.  Prose;  Utica,  S.  L.  Powell;  Jack- 
son, W.  W.  Tawse;  New  Lexington,  G.  M.  Elder;  Belleaire,  S.  J. 
Price;  Ironton,  C.  J.  Ullrich;  Sandusky,  Earl  Webster;  Covington, 
Ky,,  J.  B,  Morwessell;  Ludlow,  Ky.,  W.  E.  Dean;  Augusta,  Ky., 
John  M.  N.  Riesser, 

Those  who  took  the  pharmacy  examination  only  and  qualified  as 
assistants  were:  Cincinnati,  H,  H,  Wintering,  F.  W.  Wiggerman, 
R,  B,  Puckett,  O.  W.  Schafer,  W.  T.  White;  Cleveland,  J.  A. 
Timen;  E.  E.  Leet,  H.  E,  Mitchell,  D.  C.  Nutter,  A.  A.  Albrecht, 
E.  C.  Erhardt;  Sandusky,  W.  H.  Graham;  Worthington,  W.  C. 
Long;  Canal  Fulton,  A,  G.  McGrew;  Forrest.  K.  C.  Kimmel;  Can- 
ton, C.  H.  Miller;  New  Richmond,  Adelaide  Fallom;  Ironton,  D,  H, 
Wietki;  Vermillion.  J.  H.  Stone;  Steubenville,  W,  H.  Probut.  Jr.; 
Lima,  G,  R.  Butler;  Warren.  A.  D.  Jaynes;  Zanesville.  C.  L. 
Ditzel;  Toledo,  E,  A,  Schall;  Bucyrus,  S.  C,  Earl  Boyd;  Jackson, 
Charles  K.  Retchmer;  Athens,  C.  W,  Hill;  Wyoming,  J,  C.  Kinney. 


Bovlan  Law  Certificates. 


Rhode  Island. 
PROVIDENCE,  July  20,— At  a  meeting  of  the  Rhode  Island  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy  held  June  2.  13  candidates  appeared  for  ex- 
amination. Ten,  whose  names  follow,  were  successful:  Frank 
Matteo.  Providence;  Herre  J.  Brunnelle.  Albion;  Arthur  Marcotte, 
Pawtucket;  John  A.  Bolster,  Providence;  Israel  Marcus,  Provi- 
dence; William  T.  Hillis,  Providence:  John  Coleman,  Pawtucket; 
Albert  T.  Bernier,  Danielson,  Conn. ;  Frederick  W.  Stanton,  Provi- 
dence;  Nathaniel  T.    Greene,   Cranston. 


NEWS  OF  THE  BOARDS. 


The  Illinois  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  been  very  active  in  inves- 
tigating conditions  throughout  the  State.  It  has  recently  prosecuted 
a  dozen  or  more  firms  and  individuals,  all  of  these  defendants 
pleading  guilty  and  paying  their  fines.  The  fines,  without  costs, 
aggregated  $800. 

The  State  Board  of  Regents  appointed  the  following  to  the  New 
York  State  "Board  of  Pharmacy  for  terms  of  three  years  each,  the 
same  to  date  from  Aug.  1.  1914:  J.  Leon  Lascoff,  New  York  City, 
to  succeed  himself;  John  Hurley.  Little  Falls,  succeeding  himself; 
Jacob  Diner.  M.D.,  New  York  City,  succeeding  John  Wall,  also 
of  New  York  City. 

Governor  Miller,  of  Delaware,  recently  announced  his  appoint- 
ment of  Reuben  M.  Kauffman,  of  Seaford,  to  the  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy. 

Eight  candidates  for  registration  were  examined  by  the  Vermont 
State  Board  at  a  recent  meeting  held  in  the  Supreme  Court  cham- 
bers at  the  State  House.  Montpelier.  Board  members  present  were 
President  E.  G.  McClallan,  Rutland;  Secretary  Mason  G.  Beebe, 
Burlington;  Treasurer  W.  L.  Gokay,  Bennington;  W.  F.  Root, 
Brattleboro.  and  D.  F.  Root.  Barre.  The  board  entertained  at 
luncheon  Professor  C.  F.  Nixon,  of  Leominster,  Mass. ;  Prof.  E.  H. 
La  Pierre.  James  F.  Finneran.  president  of  the  N.A.R.D,.  and 
John  J,  Tobin.  of  Boston,  and  Fred  A,  Hubbard,  of  Newton. 
Mr,  Hubbard  is  an  ex-member  of  the  Massachusetts  Board. 

The  Pennsylvania  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  elected  the  fol- 
lowing officers:  President,  I^uis  Emanuel.  Pittsburgh;  vice-presi- 
dent, Charles  F.  Kramer.  Harrisburg;  secretary,  Lucius  L.  Wal- 
ton. Williamsport;  treasurer.  George  D.  Stroh,  Pittston,  Next 
examinations.  Harrisburg.  Sept.  4-5. 


On  Trail  of  Drug  Evil  in  Baltimore. 
Joseph  A.  Yoursky,  22  years  old,  of  2219  Fairmount  avenue, 
Baltimore,  was  arrested  July  3  on  a  charge  of  having  falsified 
prescriptions  for  heroin,  given  ostensibly  by  Dr.  Thomas  B. 
Horton,  of  Curtis  Bay,  and  having  the  prescription  filled  at  a 
pharmacy  near  Druid  Hill  Park.  Yoursky  was  committed  for 
cotirt  after  a  hearing.  He  freely  admitted  that  he  had  written 
the  prescriptions.  He  said  he  had  become  addicted  to  the  drug 
while  serving  in  the  Navy  and  could  not  do  without  it  and  that 
when  one  drug  store  refused  to  let  him  have  the  narcotic  he 
forged  the  prescriptions  and  went  to  another.  The  police  are 
making  a  determined  effort  to  stamp  out  the  evil. 


To  the  Editor  of  the  Era: 

I  am  enclosing  herewith  copies  of  opinions  recently  received 
from  the  attorney-general  relative  to  the  Boylan  law.  Kindly 
publish  these  in  your  journal  as  they  are  of  interest  to  all  the 
pharmacists  in  the  State.  Very  truly  yours, 

Albany,  N.   Y.,  July   10,  1914.  Warren  L.  Bradt. 


Habit-forming  Drugs — Certificates  of  Sale — Duties  of  Phy- 
sicians When  Administering  and  Dispensing  Them — Pub- 
lic Health  Law,  Sections  246,  247  and  248. 

.\  physician  need  not  write  out  a  prescription  when  he 
administers  or  dispenses  habit-forming  drugs.  When  adminis- 
tering them,  he  need  not  issue  a  certificate  of  sale  or  disposal. 
But  when  dispensing  them  he  acts  in  a  like  capacity  as  the 
druggist  or  retailer,  and  must  make  out  the  certificate,  on  the 
label  or  separately,  containing  his  name  and  address,  the  date 
of  sale  and  the  name  of  the  person  to  whom  such  sale  is  made. 
INQUIRY. 

The  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  received  several  inquiries 
from  physicians  who  have  occasionally  dispensed  from  their 
office  to  their  patients  opium,  morphine,  codeine,  heroin  and 
chloral  hydrate  in  the  form  of  tablets  or  liquid  preparations, 
and  who  also  have  upon  occasion  administered  hypodermic 
injections  of  morphine  and  codeine.  They  want  to  know  what 
procedure  they  will  have  to  follow  after  July  1  to  comply  with 
the  provisions  of  the  Boylan  Narcotic  Bill.  Chapter  363  of  the 
Laws  of  1914,  an  amendment  to  the  Public  Health  Law.  For 
instance,  suppose  they  administer  a  hypo-injection  of  morphine 
or  codeine  to  a  patient  at  their  office  or  at  the  bedside,  is  it 
necessary  that  they  first  write  a  prescription,  and  are  they 
required  to  keep  the  same  on  file?  Also  what  are  the  require- 
ments in  the  event  they  shall  dispense  to  a  patient  a  small 
quantity  of  any  of  these  narcotics,  either  plain  or  in  compound? 
OPINION. 

A  physician  may  administer  habit-forming  drugs.  He  may 
also  issue  a  written  prescription  for  them  to  be  filled  by  a 
druggist  or  other  retailer,  or  the  physician  may  himself  dis- 
pense the  drugs. 

The  law  places  no  duty  upon  the  physician  when  administer- 
ing the  drugs  other  than  the  duty  of  keeping  a  record  of  the 
name  and  address  of  each  person  to  whom  it  is  administered 
and  the  quantity  in  each  case  administered,  in  compliance  with 
the  terms  of  section  248  of  the  Public  Health  Law: 

"§  248.  Physicians,  et  cetera,  to  keep  records.  All  physicians, 
druggists,  pharmacists,  veterinarians  and  dentists  shall  keep  on 
record  the  name  and  address  of  each  person  to  whom  such  phy- 
sician, dentist  or  veterinarian  administers  or  disposes  in  any  way 
whatsoever  any  of  the  drugs  enumerated  in  section  two  hundred 
and  forty-five  of  this  chapter,  and  the  quantity  so  administered, 
disposed  of  or  given  away.  Such  record  shall  be  preserved  for  five 
years  and  shall  always  be  open  for  inspection  by  the  proper 
authorities.  Any  violation  of  this  section  is  hereby  declared  to 
be  a  misdemeanor." 

When  issuing  a  prescription  for  the  drugs  to  be  filled  by 
another  person  and  also  when  himself  dispensing  them,  the 
physician  must  comply  with  the  requirements  of  section  246. 
This  section  throughout  most  of  its  provisions  apparently  is 
dealing  with  the  situation  arising  upon  the  issuance  of  a 
written  prescription  by  a  physician,  its  presentation  to  a 
retailer  and  the  procedure  through  which  the  substances  are 
there  delivered  and  obtained.  But  as  I  am  to  construe  its 
provisions  as  applicable  also  so  far  as  consistent  to  the  dis- 
posal or  dispensation  of  the  drugs  personally  by  a  physician, 
the  section  is  quoted  as  follows  necessarily  at  length : 

"§246.  Prescriptions;  certificates.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any 
person  to  sell  at  retail  or  give  away  any  of  the  drugs,  their  salts, 
derivatives  or  preparations  mentioned  in  section  two  hundred  and 
forty-five  of  this  chapter  except  as  herein  provided  without  first 
receiving  a  written  prescription  siened  by  a  duly  licensed  phy- 
sician, veterinarian  or  dentist.  The  prescription  must  contain 
substantially  the  following:  The  name  in  full  of  the  physician, 
veterinarian  or  dentist  issuing  such  prescription,  his  office  address, 
his  office  hours,  and  telephone,  and  the  name,  age  and  address  of 
the  person  to  whom  and  date  on  which  such  prescription  is  issued. 
It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  duly  licensed  physician,  veterinarian 
or  dentist^  to  issue  any  such  prescription  containing  any  of  the 
drugs,  their  salts,  derivatives  or  preparations  mentioned  in  section 
two  hundred  and  forty-five  of  this  chapter  except  after  a  physical 
examination  of  any  person  for  the  treatment  of  disease,  injury  or 
deformity.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  to  sell  at  retail 
any  of  the  drugs  or  preparations  of  any  of  those  mentioned  in 
sectic  two  hundred  and  forty-five  of  this  article  without  first 
veri»yin?  the  authority  of  any  prescription  containing  more  than 
four    grains    of    morphine,    thirty    grains    of    opium,    two    grains    of 


392 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


heroin,  six  grains  of  codeine  or  four  drams  of  chloral.  Such  vcri- 
bcation  can  be  made  by  telephone  or  otherwise.  Such  prescription 
so  received  shrill  be  tilled  out  at  the  time  of  receiving  the  same 
for  ihe  full  quantity  prescribed  and  no  prescription  so  received 
shall  be  tiilcd  out  more  than  ten  days  after  the  date  which  said 
prescription  be  dated.  Such  prescription,  from  which  no  copy  shall 
be  taken,  shall  be  retained  by  the  person  who  dispenses  the  same 
and  shall  be  rilled  but  once.  Such  prescription  shall  be  kept  on 
the  general  prescription  file  and  given  a  regular  consecutive  number 
on  such  lilc.  On  such  prescription  shall  be  inscribed  the  name 
and  address  of  the  purchaser  making  such  purchase  and  the  date 
upon  which  such  sale  is  made.  Any  person  who  sells  at  retail, 
furnishes  or  dispenses  any  of  the  drugs  mentioned  in  section  two 
hundred  and  foriy-hve  of  this  chapter  upon  a  written  prescription 
by  a  duly  registered  physician  or  veterinarian  or  dentist  shall  at 
the  time  of  dispensing  the  same  place  upon  the  package  a  label 
or  deliver  therewith  a  certificate  stating  the  name  and  address  of 
the  person  selling  or  furnishing  the  same,  the  name  and  address 
of  the  physician,  veterinarian  or  dentist  upon  whose  prescription 
such  sale  is  made,  the  date  of  sale,  and  the  name  of  the  person  to 
whom  such  sale  is  made.  Any  person,  other  than  a  manufacturer 
of  any  of  the  drugs  mentioned  in  section  two  hundred  and  forty- 
five  or  a  wholesale  dealer  in  drugs  or  a  licensed  pharmacist, 
licensed  druggist,  duly  registered  practicing  physician,  licensed 
veterinarian  or  a  licensed  dentist,  who  shall  possess  any  of  the 
drugs  mentioned  in  section  two  hundred  and  forty-five  or  their 
salts,  derivatives  or  preparations,  shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor, 
unless  said  possession  is  authorized  by  the  certificate  described 
in  this  section." 

From  a  consideration  of  the  last  above  sentence,  making  a 
misdemeanor  the  possession  of  the  drugs  without  a  certificate, 
by  any  person  other  than  those  named  in  the  statute  who  may 
prescribe  and  sell  them,  I  am  forced  to  conclude  that  a  phy- 
sician must  give  a  certificate,  on  the  label  or  separately,  in 
each  case  where  he  physically  places  any  of  the  substances  in 
the  hands  of  others. 

We  ought  not,  I  think,  to  assume  that  the  Legislature  in- 
tended that  a  person  obtaining  the  drugs  for  a  legitimate  pur- 
pose from  a  duly  registered  physician  should  be  left  without  a 
certificate,  and  therefore  powerless  to  protect  himself  from 
criminal  prosecution  while  others  obtaining  the  drugs  from 
pharmacists  or  retailers  are  amply  safeguarded  in  their  pos- 
sess on  thereof. 

Furthermore,  the  statute  looks  to  an  accounting  at  any  hour 
of  the  amount  of  these  drugs  bought,  possessed  or  disposed  of 
by  any  person  whomsoever.  Hospitals,  physicians,  veterina- 
rians, druggists  and  retailers  must  obtain  the  drugs  from  the 
manufacturer  on  printed  order  blanks  ftimished  by  the  State 
Department  of  Health.  (§247.)  Every  portion  disposed  of 
they  must  account  for,  leaving  the  balance  which  should  re- 
main in  their  hands  at  any  time  computable  from  the  record. 
Possession  of  this  balance  and  no  more  is  lawful.  Therefore, 
as  every  hospital,  druggist,  physician,  veterinarian  and  retailer, 
and  those  purchasing  from  the  druggist  or  retailer  on  a  written 
prescription,  must  always  be  ready  to  justify  their  possession 
by  a  written  record,  so,  too,  I  think,  the  statute  intends  that 
a  person  obtaining  the  drug  from  a  physician  should  be  able 
likewise  to  present  written  authorization  for  his  possession  of 
the  substance. 

Those  portions  of  the  statute  which  direct  the  furnishing  of 
the  drugs  only  on  the  written  prescription  of  a  physician, 
veterinarian  or  dentist  are  constructively  applicable  only  to  a 
sale  by  druggists  and  retailers.  The  general  purpose  of  the 
statute  would,  I  believe,  eliminate  them  as  superfluous  in  a 
case  where  the  physician  himself  acts  as  a  dispenser. 

In  conclusion,  a  physician  need  not  make  out  a  prescription 
or  a  certificate  when  he  administers  the  drug,  but  when  he  dis- 
penses them  he  acts  in  the  same  capacity  as  any  druggist  or 
retailer,  and  must  issue  a  certificate,  on  the  label  or  separately, 
so  that  the  individual  receiving  them  from  him  may  be  pro- 
tected in  his  possession  from  criminal  prosecution  under  the 
statute. 

July  6,  1914.  Thomas  Carmody,  Attorney-General. 


Retailers  of  habit-forming  drugs  must  on  sale  thereof  place 
on  the  prescription  to  be  kept  on  file  the  name  of  the  physical 
purchaser,  that  is,  the  person  to  whom  the  drugs  are  delivered, 
not  the  name  of  the  person  for  whose  use  the  drug  is  intended. 
.\nd  the  same  name  also  must  be  written  on  the  label  or 
certificate  of  sale  delivered  with  the  drug. 
INQUIRY. 

From  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  I  have  received  a  request 
to  construe  certain  clauses  of  Chapter  363  of  the  Laws  of  1914, 
"An  .Act  to  amend  the  public  health  law,  in  relation  to  the 
sale  of  habit-forming  drugs."  Does  the  statute  in  reqrlring 
the  person  who  sells  such  drugs  at  retail  to  inscribe  ui^on  the 
prescription  which  he  retains  on  file  the  "name  and  address  of 


the  purchaser  making  such  purchase,"  mean  that  the  seller 
shall  place  on  the  prescription  the  name  of  the  person  to  whom 
the  drug  is  actually  delivered,  or  does  it  mean  he  shall  place 
thereon  the  name  of  the  person  for  whose  use  the  article  is 
intended?  Further,  does  the  "name  of  the  person  to  whom  the 
sale  is  made"  required  to  be  written  on  the  label,  intend  the 
name  of  the  patient  or  the  name  of  the  person  who  presents 
the  prescription  and  to  whom  the  drug  is  handed  out? 
OPINION. 

The  above  statute  of  1914,  which  is  an  amendment  to  the 
Public  Health  Law,  provides  at  much  length  as  follows  con- 
cerning the  sale  of  chloral,  opium  or  any  of  its  salts,  alkaloids 
or  derivatives  or  any  compound  or  preparation  of  any  of  them: 
[See  §246  of  the  Boylan  law,  given  above.] 

Attending  first  to  that  portion  of  the  statute  which  requires 
the  retailer  to  place  upon  the  prescription  the  name  and 
address  of  the  purchaser  making  the  purchase,  I  conclude 
such  direction  refers  to  the  name  of  the  actual  purchaser,  that 
is,  the  person  who  receives  the  drug  from  the  hands  of  the 
retailer,  and  briefly  for  these  reasons:  The  physician  himself, 
by  earlier  provision  of  the  statute,  must  write  upon  the  pre- 
scription blank  his  office  address,  his  office  hours,  his  telephone 
number  and  "the  name,  age  and  address  of  the  person  to 
whom  and  date  on  which  such  prescription  is  issued."  A 
prescription  is,  I  think,  in  the  contemplation  of  the  statute, 
issued  to  the  patient,  not  to  the  person  receiving  from  the 
physician  the  paper  upon  which  it  is  written,  in  the  sense  that 
it  runs  or  pertains  to  the  patient  exclusively,  such  as  a  written 
license,  though  handed  to  a  third  person,  issues  in  fact  to  the 
person  for  whom  it  is  intended.  This  view  of  the  meaning  of 
the  word  is  fortified  by  the  presence  of  another  requirement, 
that  of  detailed  recital  by  the  physician  as  to  the  name,  age 
and  address  of  the  person  to  whom  the  prescription  is  issued, 
and  obviously  as  a  means  to  an  opportunity  for  public  officers 
to  investigate,  if  desired,  the  necessity  for  the  prescribed  drug; 
and  by  the  use  of  the  word  "issue"  in  the  next  following 
sentence  of  the  statute,  making  it  tinlawful  to  issue  a  pre- 
scription except  after  a  physical  examination  of  the  person. 

Having  concluded  that  the  physician  must  place  the  name 
of  the  patient  on  the  prescription,  I  am  easily  led  to  decide 
that  the  statute,  where  it  reads  "on  such  prescription  shall  be 
inscribed  the  name  and  address  of  the  purchaser  making  such 
purchase  and  the  date  upon  which  such  sale  is  made,"  did 
not  intend  that  the  retailer  should  place  the  patient's  name 
again  upon  the  paper,  but  rather,  as  an  added  protective  or 
detective  measure,  the  name  of  the  person  receiving  and  taking 
the  drugs  away. 

On  the  label  or  in  a  separate  certificate  to  be  delivered  at 
the  time  of  sale  every  retailer  when  dispensing  these  drugs 
must  place  his  name  and  address,  the  physician's  name  and 
address,  the  date  of  the  sale,  and  "the  name  of  the  person  to 
whom  such  sale  is  made." 

Consistently  with  my  determination  that  the  person  receiving 
the  drug  from  the  retailer  is  the  purchaser,  "the  person  to 
whom  the  sale  is  made"  must  likewise  be  the  actual  physical 
purchaser.  Some  may  conceive  and  urge  a  benefit  in  con- 
struing the  phrase  to  mean  the  patient,  for  his  name  would 
then  remain  upon  the  package  or  bottle  as  a  warning  that  the 
contents  were  not  for  others.  The  difficulty  with  the  con- 
struction is  that  the  statute  does  not  look  to  the  accidental  use 
but  to  the  habitual  use  of  the  drug,  and  it  permits  the  whole 
statement  which  the  retailer  must  make  out,  to  appear  if  the 
retailer  wishes,  not  on  the  bottle  or  package  but  on  an  entirely 
separate  certificate.  Possession  of  the  drugs  unless  "authorized 
by  the  certificate"  is  a  misdemeanor.  Therefore  possession  is 
that  the  statute  seeks  to  follow,  and  accordingly  the  purchaser's 
name,  for  he  is  the  first  possessor  after  the  retailer,  must  appear 
on  the  certificate. 

July  6,   1914.  Thoslas  Carmody,  Attorney-General. 


1914  Edition  of  the   ERA   PRICE  LIST. 

The  1914  Edition  of  the  Era  Price  List  is  now  in  press  and 
copies  will  be  ready  for  delivery  within  a  few  days.  This 
edition  has  been  very  thoroughly  revised,  many  new  prepara- 
tions added,  and  the  prices  and  manufacturers'  names  and 
addresses  brought  up  to  date.  Those  who  have  not  already 
ordered  the  1914  edition  should  send  their  orders  at  once. 
The  price  of  the  Era  Price  List  is  $1.00  per  copy,  but  it  is 
furnished  to  subscribers  of  The  Pharmaceutical  Era  at 
50  cents  a  copy. 


Stick  to  the  Medicine. 


By  FBED  W.  CONNOLLY. 

Ethical    Pharmacisl,    Successful    Druggist,    and    Instructor 
Pharmacy  at  the  Franklin    Union,   Boston. 


urn 


HE  best  advice  I  can  give  to  the  ordinary  druggist  for 
increasing  the   profits   of  his  store   without   increasing 
the    investment    or   extending   his   space   or   converting 
himself  into  a  chain-h'ghtning  druggist,  is  this: 

"Attend  to  the  medicine  business.  The  profit  in  side-lines 
cannot  be  compared  with  prepared 
medicines  when  we  do  the  preparing. 
Physicians  are  tired  of  being  the  selling 
agents  for  'ethical  proprietaries,'  but 
what  can  they  do  unless  we  go  to  their 
relief  ? 

"We  should  call  upon  them  fre- 
quently with  samples  of  U.S. P.  and 
N.F.  preparations,  and  emphasize  the 
fact  that  these  goods  are  obtainable  in 
every  drug  store  in  the  land;  also,  that 
they  are  standard,  while  the  private 
formulas  may  be  changed  at  will.  Fur- 
thermore, the  Government  is  back  of 
these  preparations.  Their  agents  are  up 
and  down  the  Commonwealth  securing 
samples  which  are  tested  for  purity  and 
strength.  Most  important  of  all,  the 
physicians  know  what   the  patient  is  taking. 

"We  should  explain  to  the  physicians  in  our  neighborhood 
that  we  discourage  self-medication  by  our  customers;  i.e.,  when 
they  order  chlorate  of  potash  or  tannin  for  sore  throat  we  make 
the  sale,  of  course,  but  embrace  tlie  opportunity  of  telling 
them  that  they  are  assuming  a  great  responsibility,  as  a  sore 
throat  may  be  very  dangerous  when  due  to  certain  causes,  and 
drlay  renders  it  very  much  more  so.  Some  diseases  are  often 
fatal,  which,  if  correctly  diagnosed  and  properly  treated  at  the 
start,  might  be  simple  matters.  This  is  true  of  headaches ;  the 
great  variety  of  causes  should  be  treated,  not  the  head.  This 
abo  holds  good  with  stomach  troubles,  and  even  sores  when 
they  call  for  an  ointment.  We  supply  the  ointment,  but  ex- 
plain the  danger  of  infection — with  resulting  blood  poison — 
unless  properly  treated. 

"Tell  your  physicians  these  things,  and  ask-  them  to  write  for 
standard   official    preparations,   and    watch   the   results. 

"The  following  sign  in  a  conspicuous  place  in  our  store  has 
won   much   favorable  comment   from   physicians : 


F.  W.  Connolly 


WE    ARE    NOT    PHYSICIANS. 

Please  do  not  ask  us  to  prescribe. 
Consult  your  doctor,   and  bring  us 

his   prescription,   and 
Our  combined  wisdom  will  be  used 
for  your  benefit     . 


"Employ  salesmen  to  sell  profitable  goods;  if  you  are  in  a 
neighborhood  where  customers  pick  bargains,  hire  a  girl  at 
small  wages  to  handle  the  trade. 

"If  you  can  develop  a  profitable  soda-fountain  business, 
employ  an  expert  dispenser;  if  not,  get  a  girl  to  take  the 
fountain  a  portion  of  the  day. 


"Do  not  employ  good,  bad  and  indifferent  drug  clerks  at  all 
kinds  of  wages  to  do  such  work  as  can  be  done  better  by 
others  at  less  money.  Employ  drug  clerks  to  attend  to  the  drug 
business;  pay  them  better  wages,  and  let  the  public  know  it. 
Let  the  high  price  of  clerks  be  a  reason  for  high  price  in 
medicine. 

"Finally,  raise  the  quality.  Do  away  with  those  five-cent 
purchases  of  aspirin,  phenalgin  or  AK  tablets,  five  cents'  worth 
of  cold  cream  or  the  same  amount  of  toothache  drops.  These 
are  worLli  10  cents  in  the  smallest  quantity  if  they  are  worth 
anything.  I  speak  of  this  because  a  lady  yesterday  asked  a 
clerk  for  one-half  dozen  1/60  gr.  strychnine  tablets,  and  to  the 
charge  of  10  cents,  replied:  'Why,  I  never  pay  but  five  cents 
anywhere  for  them.' 

"When  a  waiter  expects  a  tip  of  10  or  25  cents,  why  should 
we  educated  druggists  assume  the  responsibility  of  handling 
medicines  for  five  cents?  It  isn't  what  we  charge.  If  all 
charged  the  same  a  customer  would  pay  25  cents  for  six 
strychnine  pills.  We  should  get  together  and  see  how  much 
we  can  get  for  our  time,  goods  and  reputation,  instead  of  how 
little." 


Keep  a  Quality  Drug  Department. 

By  EUGENE  HODSON. 
Of  the  Thomas  &  Thompson  Drug  Co.,  Light  and  Baltimore 

Streets,  Baltimore,  Md. 
^ifT^HERE  are  more  proprietaries,  more  patent  medicines, 
I  more  prescriptions,  more  capsules,  pills  and  more 
everything  else  sold  in  drug  stores  today  than  ever 
before.  All  of  the  manufacturers  of  pharmaceuticals  are  ex- 
tending their  establishments,  building  additions  and  enlarging 
their  facilities,  so  that  it  stands  to  reason  that  they  must  be 
putting  out  greater  quantities  of  goods.  The  druggist  has  a 
wider  field  to  draw  upon.  Rapid  transit  in  cities  brings  to 
his  doors  thousands  of  people  where  before  they  could  have 
been  counted  by  hundreds  or  dozens.  Not  so  many  years  ago 
it  required  an  hour  to  go  downtown  from  the  sections  com- 
paratively near  to  the  store;  now  it  is  a  matter  of  10  or  15 
minutes,  so  that  the  pharmacist  is  able  to  centralize  and  draw 
from  a  very  much  greater  territory  than  he  was  able  to  secure 
a  few  decades  back.  This  of  itself  tends  to  swell  the  business 
vastly.  People  who  come  in  to  have  a  prescription  filled  see 
something  else  that  they  may  want  and  had  not  thought  of 
before,  and  so  the  prescription  trade  helps  every  other  de- 
partment. We  sell  more  brushes,  novelties,  manicure  sets, 
toothbrushes,  and  more  everything  else  that  we  handle  than 
ever  before.  House  hygiene  is  carried  to  a  point  hardly  thought 
of  not  so  long  ago,  and  what  are  considered  the  requisites  of 
the  household  have  increased  many  times.  It  remains  only  to 
meet  the  demand. 

"Our  prescription  business  is  more  satisfactory  than  at  any 
previous  time,  yielding  a  fair  profit  and  bringing  to  us  much 
other  custom.  And  while  much  has  been  said  in  criticism  of 
price  paring,  it  is  a  fact  that  price  frequently  cuts  no  figure 
in  purchases.  A  man  coming  in  for  a  dose  of  salts,  for  in- 
stance, does  not  ask  how  cheaply  he  can  get  it  or  how  much 
he  can  get  of  that  particular  article.  He  calculates  that  five 
cents  ought  to  buy  a  dose,  and  is  perfectly  satisfied.  It  is 
much  the  same  with  many  other  articles.  The  one  considera- 
tion always  is  that  the  article  shall  be  fre.sh,  and  in  this 
respect  the  store  doing  a  big  business  always  has  the  advantage 
over  the  smaller  pharmacy.  It  can  buy  in  large  quantities, 
thus  getting  the   benefit  of  discounts,   asd  must  replenish   its 


394 


THE   PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


stock  so  often  that  an  ingredient  has  no  chance  to  get  stale. 
This  is  one  reason  why  downtown  stores  are  so  often  patron- 
ize i  in  preference  to  the  home  pharmacy.  But  the  latter  can 
meet  the  situation  by  buying  in  small  quantities  rather  than  in 
large  lots,  and  at  infrequent  intervals.  Even  if  the  smaller 
quantity  costs  more,  it  is  an  advantage  for  the  druggist  to 
replenish  his  stock  often  and  cultivate  a  reputation  for  the 
freshness  and  potency  of  his  goods.  He  can  get  tlie  advance 
which  he  has  to  pay  back  over  and  over  in  the  better  prices 
be  obtains. 

"For  another  thing,  the  drug  trade  at  the  present  time  has 
fewer  drawbacks  than  ever  before.  In  the  good  old  days, 
whenever  any  member  of  a  family  was  taken  ill  during  tiie 
night  it  was  a  case  of  ringing  the  druggist  up  out  of  bed  to 
furnish  some  medicament,  no  matter  how  simple.  In  tliese  days 
every  doctor  carries  an  emergency  kit  which  contains  enough 
things  to  afford  inmiediate  relief,  and  the  trip  to  the  drug 
store  is  usually  postponed  until  the  following  morning,  so  that 
the  druggist's  rest  is  not  disturbed,  and  he  is  thus  in  condition 
to  undertake  his  days  work  with  energy  and  vigor. 

"People  also  seem  willing  to  pay  more  for  goods  than  they 
did  years  ago.  At  a  comparatively  recent  period  it  was  ex- 
ci  dingly  dithcult  for  a  chuggist  to  get  $3  or  even  $2  for  a 
fine  sponge.  At  present  it  is  far  easier  to  obtain  $5  and  $6 
and  even  more.  The  price  of  hair  brushes  runs  up  from  a 
nominal  sum  to  $25,  and  the  outsider  would  be  surprised  to 
know  how  many  of  the  higher-priced  brushes  are  sold.  Of 
course,  the  demand  for  the  $25  kind  is  very  limited,  but  the  $6, 
$S  and  $10  kmd  are  in  excellent  demand  with  a  fair  margin 
of  profit.  It  is  the  same  with  extracts.  People  used  to  halt 
at  paying  $2  for  a  bottle  of  extract,  but  now  they  think 
nothing  of  paying  $4  or  $5  and  even  more.  And  they  get  their 
money's  worth,  lor  the  high-priced  extracts  have  a  lasting 
quality  that  compensates  fully  lor  the  cost,  and  the  odor  is 
of  a  more  satisfying  character.  These  are  only  a  few  instances 
of  what  holds  good  all  along  the  line." 

"How  would  you  go  about  starting  a  new  business  in  the 
a.verage  neighborhood!*"  Mr.  Hodson  was  asked,  and  he  met 
this  question  as  follows: 

"I  would  carefully  draw  up  a  stock  list  to  contain  all  the 
articles  I  could  ihmk  of  that  are  needed  in  the  household. 
These  would  form  the  basis  of  the  assortment.  Then  I  would 
keep  a  careful  watch  on  what  things  are  in  demand  and  those 
that  are  not  called  for.  The  demand  may  vary  with  the 
locality,  and  frequently  it  makes  a  great  difference  which  side 
of  the  sUeet  you  are  located  on.  It  behooves  the  chruggist 
to  study  his  custom,  and  add  to  the  list  that  which  appears 
to  strike  the  popular  wants,  leaving  off  other  articles  that  are 
njt  desired.  In  this  way  he  will  shortly  get  a  stock  from 
which  the  dead  merchandise  is  eliminated  as  much  as  possible, 
and  which  he  can  turn  over  the  greatest  number  of  times. 
The  matter  of  waste  is  of  great  importance  and  should  receive 
much  thought  and  attention.  By  taking  note  of  what  is  wanted 
and  what  goods  are  neglected,  it  will  be  easy  enough  to  assemble 
a  stock  that  will  be  always  moving  and  will  yield  the  greatest 
margin  of  profit  for  a  given  investment. 

"Likewise,  pay  attention  to  the  show  window.  This  should 
be  changed  at  least  once  a  week  and  oftener,  if  possible.  No 
matter  how  good  and  how  artistic  your  window  display  may  be, 
if  it  is  allowed  to  become  too  familiar  it  will  cease  to  attract 
attention,  and  the  object  of  the  display  will  be  defeated.  You 
can  count  on  much  the  same  people  passing  your  store  every 
day  or  within  a  given  time,  and  the  things  in  the  drug  store 
window  will  soon  lose  their  power  to  arrest  the  attention 
tmless  they  are  changed  or  re-arranged.  The  public  likes 
novelty,  and  you  cannot  give  them  too  much  novelty  in  a  store 
window.  The  displays  that  are  permitted  to  stay  in  a  window 
for  weeks  and  even  months  are  worse  than  useless,  for  after  a 
time  they  actually  begin  to  divert  custom  instead  of  attracting 
it. 

"Of  course,  it  need  hardly  be  said  that  your  fixtures  should 
be  attractive  and  your  store  neat  and  clean.  Alake  your  store 
as  bright  as  possible,  always  with  due  regard  to  the  expense 
account.  But  it  must  be  light,  bright  and  clean  if  you  want 
to  build  up  the  business. 

"Also  bear  in  mind  that  your  reputation  rests  strictly  upon 
the  drug  department.  If  your  drugs  are  right  and  your  pre- 
scriptions well  compounded,  they  will  attract  customers.  The 
primary   object   of   people   in   going   to   a   pharmacy    is   to   get 


medicines  and  sick-room  appliances.  The  other  things  can  be 
purchased  elsewhere,  and  if  you  neglect  the  drug  department 
you  teach  your  patrons  to  go  elsewhere  for  their  brushes,  combs 
and  the  thousand  and  one  things  now  found  in  the  stock  of 
drug  steres." 


Legal  Decisions 


Foreign     Corporations  —  "Doing     Business"  —  Filing 
Copy    of    Charter — Interstate    Commerce. 

ACONTR.\CT  with  a  medical  company,  a  Minnesota 
corporation,  provided  tliat  N.  was  appointed  by  the 
company  "as  a  traveling  salesman  for  its  products  in 
the  county  of  M.,  State  of  Tennessee,"  and  that  the  company 
"agrees  to  take  back  all  goods  left  in  the  possession  of  the 
traveling  salesman  at  the  time  he  quits  work,"  and  referred 
to  "the  expiration  of  the  services  of  said  traveling  salesman," 
etc.  A  provision  on  the  back  of  the  contract  provided  that 
N.  was  to  begin  work  "as  soon  as  practicable  after  the  goods 
are  received  and  to  work  continuously  at  the  agency."  During 
the  existence  of  the  agency  a  note  was  given  by  several  per- 
sons for  the  agent,  to  the  medical  company  for  the  uncollected 
price  of  goods  shipped  to  the  agent  for  $668.01.  One  of  the 
makers  died  and  in  an  action  for  the  settlement  of  his  estate 
in  the  courts  of  the  State  of  Kentucky,  where  the  deceased 
owned  real  estate,  the  medical  company  made  a  claim  for  this 
sum,  which  was  disallowed.  Under  the  statutes  of  Tennessee 
every  foreign  corporation  is  required  to  file  a  copy  of  its 
charter  with  the  Secretary  of  State,  and  it  is  unlawful  for  it 
to  do  or  attempt  to  do  any  business  in  the  State  until  it  shall 
have  complied  with  the  statute.  These  statutes  have  been 
construed  in  a  number  of  cases  in  the  Tennessee  courts,  and 
it  has  been  uniformly  held  that,  where  a  corporation  does 
business  in  that  State  without  complying  with  the  statute,  all 
contracts  growing  out  of  such  business  are  illegal  and  invalid. 
It  was  held,  on  appeal,  that  the  medical  company  was  doing 
business  in  Tennessee  through  its  agent,  N.,  who  was  not  a 
mere  purchaser  of  its  products. 

The  medical  company  contended  that  its  transactions  with 
N.  were  interstate  commerce,  and  that  therefore  the  note  was 
binding,  although  it  had  not  complied  with  the  laws  of  Ten- 
nessee. It  was  held  that  this  defence  was  not  available,  under 
the  facts.  These  products  were  not  ordered  by  mail  and 
shipped  direct  to  the  company's  customers.  As  a  matter  of 
fact,  they  were  shipped  to  Memphis,  and  from  there  dis- 
tributed to  its  agent.  N.  and  his  brother  said  that  he  never 
ordered  any  goods  except  from  Memphis.  The  company's 
witnesses  said  that  the  goods  %vere  billed  to  N.  in  Minnesota, 
and  were  merely  sent  to  Memphis  for  distribution.  Even  if 
there  were  any  doubt  as  to  whether  or  not  the  interstate 
journey  ended  at  Memphis,  the  interstate  journey  certainly  ended 
when  the  goods  were  delivered  to  N.  Upon  their  delivery  to 
him  their  interstate  character  ceased;  and  from  that  time  on, 
N.,  as  the  company's  agent,  proceeded  to  sell  and  deliver  the 
goods  in  Tennessee.  The  question  of  the  validity  of  the  note 
was  governed  by  the  laws  of  the  place  where  the  transaction 
was  had,  as  well  as  the  place  where  it  was  executed,  namely 
Tennessee,  and  not  by  the  law  of  the  place  of  payment.  (Orr's 
Adm.  vs.   Orr,   Kentucky   Court  of  Appeals,    163   S.W.   757.) 


Sale    of    Drugs    by    Itinerant    Vendors — Prohibition. 

The  United  States  Supreme  Court  holds  that  a  State  has 
power,  without  violating  the  equal  protection  or  due  process 
of  law  clauses  of  the  Fourteenth  Amendment  to  the  United 
States  Constitution,  to  forbid  the  sale  by  itinerant  vendors  of 
"any  drug,  nostrum,  ointment,  or  application  of  any  kind, 
intended  for  the  treatment  of  disease  or  injury,"  although 
allowing  the  sale  of  such  articles  to  other  persons.  The  power 
which  the  State  government  possessed  to  classify  and  regulate 
under  consideration  (Louisiana  Laws,  1894,  act  No.  49  §  12) 
is  held  to  be  cumulatively  sustained  and  made,  if  possible, 
more  obviously  lawful  by  the  fact  that  the  regulation  in  ques- 
tion deals  with  the  selling  by  itinerant  vendors  or  peddlers 
of  drugs  or  medicinal  compounds — objects  plainly  within  the 
power  of  government  to  regulate.  (Baccus  vs.  Louisiana,  34 
Sup.  Ct.  439.) 


August,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEGTICAL   ERA 


395 


Action  Against  Board  of  Pharmacy — Its  Nature — 
Parties. 
In  an  action  of  mandamus  against  the  Kentucky  Board  of 
Pharmacy  and  its  members  to  compel  the  issuance  of  a  phar- 
macist's certificate  of  registration,  permitting  him  to  practice 
his  profession  in  the  State,  the  question  was  whether  the 
action  must  be  brought  in  the  county  in  which  the  president 
of  the  board  resides;  the  board  having  no  office  or  place  of 
business  in  any  county.  It  was  held  that  such  an  action 
is  a  transitory  action  governed  by  Kentucky  Civ.  Code  Prac. 
§78,  requiring  actions  whose  venue  is  not  established  by  other 
sections  of  the  article  to  be  brought  in  the  county  where  the 
defendant  or  any  one  of  several  defendants  resides  or  is 
summoned,  and  may  be  brought  in  any  county  where  process 
is  executed  upon  the  members  of  the  board  or  any  one  or 
more  of  them.  The  board,  not  being  designated  a  corpora- 
tion by  the  act  organizing  it,  is  not  a  "corporation,"  and, 
while  it  is  a  "quasi  corporation,"  when  acting  pursuant  to 
contractual  powers  conferred  by  the  act  creating  it,  is  not 
governed  by  Civ.  Code  Prac.  §72,  requiring  an  action  of 
contract  against  a  corporation  having  an  office  or  place  of 
business  in  a  county  or  an  agent  residing  therein  to  be 
brought  in  such  county  or  in  the  county  in  which  the  con- 
tract is  made  or  to  be  performed,  and  that  an  action  of  tort 
be  brought  in  such  county  or  the  county  in  which  it  is  com- 
mitted. The  action  being  to  compel  the  performance  of  a 
ministerial  duty,  the  members  must  be  sued  by  name  in  order 
that  the  court  may  determine  whether  they  are  the  proper 
persons  to  perform  such  duty,  and  in  order  that  it  may 
command  them  to  perform  it.  (King  vs.  Kentucky  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  Kentucky  Court  of  Appeals,   162   S.W.  561.) 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


S.  B.  Penick,  until  recently  with  the  drug  importing  house 
of  J.  L.  Hopkins  &  Co.,  as  treasurer,  is,  as  was  noted  in  the 
July  Era,  the  head  of  a  new  company  established  at  Marion, 
N.  C,  under  the  firm  name  of  S.  B.  Penick  &  Co.  The  firm 
has  a  New  York  office  at  38  Park  place.  It  will  do  a  general 
crude  botanical  drug  business  and  has  been  established  at 
Marion,  N.  C,  because  that  point  is  the  center  of  a  radius  of 
about  100  miles  of  territory  in  which  the  majority  of  the 
American  crude  drugs  now  used  are  collected.  The  Appalachian 
range  possesses  a  soil  and  climate  particularly  well  fitted  to 
the  growth  of  these  drugs,  and  the  inhabitants  of  this  section 
have   been  trained  in  their  collection  and  curing. 

Four  Luyties  companies,  controlled  by  F.  August  Luyties, 
of  St.  Louis,  were  hit  by  fire  recently,  the  Luyties  Chemical 
Co.,  the  Manola  Co.,  the  Walker  Co.  and  the  Luyties  Phar- 
maceutical Co.  They  were  all  housed  in  one  building  at  4200 
Laclede  avenue.  Spontaneous  combustion  is  supposed  to  have 
been  the  cause  of  the  fire  which  did  a  damage  aggregating 
between  $175,000  and  $200,000.  There  was  little  insurance, 
as  the  policies  had  been  allowed  to  elapse.  The  companies 
were  in  the  same  block  as  the  Sanitol  Chemical  Co.  Mr. 
Luyties  is  the  president  of  the  four  companies,  and  C.  O.  Heer 
secretary. 

R.  H.  Brennecke,  who  conducted  a  drug  business  in 
Watertown,  Wis.,  for  44  years,  has  sold  his  business  at  315 
Main  street  to  William  Gehrke,  who  had  been  employed  by 
Mr.  Brennecke  for  the  past  14  years.  Mr.  Brennecke,  a  native 
of  Watertown,  is  a  graduate  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of 
Pharmacy,  class  of  '77.  Immediately  upon  his  graduation, 
Mr.  Brennecke  resumed  a  position  at  the  pharmacy  of  J.  H. 
Schultz.  In  1884  he  and  Henry  Steinfort  purchased  a  branch 
store,  conducted  by  Mr.  Schultz.  In  1890  Mr.  Brennecke  pur- 
chased Mr.  Steinfort's   interests. 

A.  W.  Dows  &  Co.,  of  Lowell,  Mass.,  are  planning  one 
of  the  largest  drug  stores  in  New  England  outside  of  Boston. 
The  Liggett  interests  purchased  a  long  lease  of  the  store  in 
which  the  Dows  company  was  located,  thus  forcing  the  latter 
to  vacate  in  September,  but  the  Dows  people  obtained  the  lease 
of  another  black  in  Merrimack  square,  and  when  several  leases 
there  expire  will  throw  several  other  stores  into  the  one  they 
now  have,  making  possible  one  of  the  finest  stores  of  the  kind 
in  any  New  England  city. 

The  Biker-Hegeman  Co.  has  leased  the  store  at  the 
comer  of  Fifth  avenue  and   Smithfield  street,   Pittsburgh,   Pa., 


the  site  formerly  occupied  by  the  Federal  National  Bank.  The 
lease,  it  is  reported,  covers  a  long  term  of  years  and  stipulates 
an  aggregate  sum  of  $625,000.  The  company  has  also  leased 
for  a  term  of  50  years,  with  right  of  renewal,  the  five-story 
building  at  Main  and  Hammond  streets,  Bangor,  Me.,  and 
will  open  a  drug  store.  The  location  is  the  business  center  of 
the  city. 

The  Owl  Drug  Company  has  been  organized  in  Mil- 
waukee, Wis.,  with  the  following  officers:  President,  Wm. 
O'Connor;  vice-president,  John  Crowley;  secretary-treasurer, 
Robert  Kiefer.  Capital  stock  is  $25,000.  The  company  has 
leased  two  valuable  downtown  corners — 401  Grand  avenue,  a 
10-year  lease,  and  a  five-year  lease  on  the  front  part  of  the 
old  saloon  on  Grand  avenue,  near  Third  street.  Alterations 
are  being  made  and  drug  stores  will  be  opened  in  the  near 
future. 

John  G.  Holland  has  extensively  remodeled  his  drug  store 
at  York  Beach,  Me.,  which  is  now  one  of  the  most  com- 
modious and  best  equipped  establishments  of  its  kind  in  the 
State.  The  floor-space  has  been  increased  by  taking  a  part  of 
the  adjoining  store  and  a  new  system  of  illuminatton  has  been 
installed.  The  fountain  and  ice-cream  parlors  have  been 
enlarged.  New  show  cases  and  a  new  cash  system  are  other 
features  of  the  renovation. 

John  J.  Justis,  sole  owner  of  the  wholesale  drug  business 
of  Hale,  Justis  &  Co.,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  recently  changed 
his  mind  as  to  a  tentative  plan  for  the  reorganization  of  the 
business,  after  securing  a  corporate  charter  under  the  name  of 
the  Hale- Justis  Co.,  and  decided  to  continue  the  business  under 
its  old  established  form.  It  will  accordingly  be  handled  under 
the  old  firm  name,  Mr.  Justis  remaining  its  active  and  actual 
head,   as  heretofore. 

William  S.  Fergnison,  of  Maplewood,  Mo.,  who  was  a 
bookkeeper  during  the  week  and  the  commodore  of  a  fleet  of 
motor  boats  on  Sundays  and  holidays,  has  been  found  guilty 
of  embezzling  $5600  from  the  National  Druggist  Publishing 
Co.  and  sentenced  to  five  years  in  the  State  penitentary. 
Ferguson  after  fleeing  from  St.  Louis,  and  being  free  about  a 
year,  was  captured  in  Seattle,  Wash.,  and  brought  back  for 
trial. 

The  Owl  Drug  Co.,  which  has  just  completed  22  years 
of  business  on  the  Coast,  celebrated  its  anniversary  by  special 
sales  in  its  stores.  The  chain  was  established  in  1892  with 
one  store  and  nine  employees;  today  there  are  20  stores  with 
a  thousand  employees.  The  stores  are  located  in  eight  cities, 
San  Francisco,  Los  Angeles,  San  Diego,  Sacramento,  Oakland, 
Portland,  Seattle  and  Spokane. 

The  Durr  Drug  Co.,  Montgomery,  Ala.,  is  to  have  a  new 
$50,000  building  at  209-211  Commerce  street,  which  will  be 
completed  by  Jan.  1,  1915.  The  structure  will  have  a  frontage 
of  55  feet  with  a  depth  of  125  feet,  and  the  front  will  be  of 
pressed  brick  with  stone  trimmings,  and  with  plate-glass  win- 
dows. The  new  building  will  give  the  Durr  company  double 
their  present  floor  space,  about  41,000  square  feet  in  all. 

Ernest  Coburn,  a  druggist  of  New  Boston,  Ohio,  who 
lost  heavily  in  a  recent  fire  in  that  town  which  destroyed  his 
store,  will  rebuild  on  a  new  site  which  he  has  acquired  as 
soon  as  he  secures  an  adjustment  of  his  loss  from  the  in- 
surance companies.  Mr.  Coburn  proposed  to  build  a  brick 
structure  to  serve  as  both  store  and  residence.  About  all  that 
he  saved  from  the  fire  was  his  prescription  files. 

D'Alemberte's  pharmacy,  Pensacola,  Fla.,  was  awarded 
fourth  prize  by  the  Huyler  Candy  Co.  for  a  newspaper  ad. 
exploiting  that  company's  product.  Huyler's  is  endeavoring  to 
ascertain  which  of  its  many  agents  is  pushing  its  candy  to  the 
best  effect  through  newspaper  advertising.  This  is  not  only 
the  fourth  prize,  but  also  the  fourth  time  D'Alemberte's  has 
won  a  prize  for  its  ad.  copy. 

The  McCarthy  Drug  Co.,  of  Milwaukee,  which  recently 
purchased  the  pharmacy  at  Clybourn  and  29th  streets,  that 
city,  has  been  incorporated  with  a  capital  stock  of  $10,000,  by 
C.  J.  McCarthy,  J.  E.  McCarthy  and  Margaret  McCarthy. 
J.  E.  McCarthy,  formerly  Sunday  editor  of  the  Milwaukee 
Free  Press,  is  working  out  many  original  ideas  in  the  way  of 
publicity  and  window  displays. 

E.  C.  Erthal,  the  Mill  street  druggist,  Bristol,  Pa.,  due  K^ 
his  inability  to  secure  suitable  quarters  upon  the  expiration  of 
the   lease   of  his  store,   has  made  an   assignment.     The   drug 


396 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  191-1 


business  will  be  conducted  by  Mr.  Erthal  until  its  liquidation. 
He  has  been  engaged  in  the  drug  business  at  tlie  above  store, 
one  of  the  oWost  in  Pennsylvania,  for  many  years,  being  the 
successor  of  E.  L.  Houguet. 

The  Hook  Drug  Co.,  which  operates  a  chain  of  nine 
stores  in  Indianapolis,  has  leased  a  building  for  drug-store 
purposes  at  616  Washington  avenue,  St.  Louis,  which  it  is 
understood  will  house  the  first  of  a  new  chain  of  Hook  stores 
in  St.  Louis.  The  fittings  and  equipment  will  vie  with  tlie 
finest  in  the  citv,  and  the  store  is  planned  to  be  in  operation 
Aug.  I. 

The  Owl  Drug  Company,  operating  20  retail  drug  stores 
on  the  Pacific  Coast,  recently  distributed  $36,060  in  dividends 
among  its  500  or  more  stockholders.  This  sum  represented 
the  interest  on  its  outstanding  8  per  cent,  preferred  stock  for 
the  six  months  ending  June  30,  1914.  A  letter  to  stockholders 
reports  that  the  stores  show  a  substantial  increase  over  last 
year. 

The  Biker-Hegeman  Company  must  await  the  passage 
of  a  special  ordinance  in  order  to  erect  a  12-story  building  on 
the  site  of  the  old  Female  .Asylum  on  Washington,  near 
Castle  street,  Boston.  Legislation  now  in  force  would  prohibit 
the  construction  of  the  building.  The  proper  aldermanic  com- 
mittee has  promised  to  report  the  measure  unanimously. 

The  Sterling  Laboratories,  a  $100,000  corporation, 
capital  all  paid  in,  has  been  chartered  in  New  York.  The 
new  corporation  will  deal  in  special  pharmaceuticals.  The 
incorporators  and  stockholders  are  Fred  W.  Cook  and  .Albert 
Kronkosky,  of  the  San  .Antonio  Drug  Co..  San  .Antonio,  Texas, 
and  Samuel  A.   Foot,  of  Lehn  &  Fink,   New   York. 

Paramount  Drug  Co.,  Washington,  D.  C,  capital  $50,000, 
has  been  incorporated  to  operate  a  wholesale  and  manufactur- 
ing drug  plant:  about  125  Virginia  druggists  are  stockholders. 
Besides  distributing  to  its  members  patents  and  sundries  the 
new  corporation  will  put  a  line  of  its  own  remedies  on  the 
market. 

Earl  P.  Carney,  manager  of  the  new  Riker-Hegeman  Co. 
store  at  Pittsfield.  Mass.,  has  been  granted  a  regular  permit 
by  the  Massachusetts  State  Board  of  Pharmacy.  A  temporary 
permit  to  open  the  store  was  issued  to  him  while  a  contest 
between  the  board  and  the  company  was  in  course  of  settlement. 

Philip  L.  Fox,  proprietor  of  the  Goodall  Drug  Company, 
in  High  street,  Holyoke,  Mass.,  and  in  Chicopee  Falls,  has 
purchased  the  Winthrop  pharmacy,  High  and  Cabot  streets, 
Holyoke.  The  store  will  come  under  the  firm  name  of  the 
Goodall  Drug  Co.     Mr.   Fox  took  immediate  possession. 

The  United  Profit  Sharing  Corporation,  a  Delaware 
corporation,  has  closed  a  $10,000,000  contract  with  the  Wrigley 
Chewing  Gum  Company.  It  is  reported  that  the  latter  con- 
cern will  use  500,000,000  of  the  United  coupons  a  year.  Several 
cither  large  deals  involving  these  coupons  are  pending. 

The  Mayer  Pharmacy  recently  opened  a  new  store  on 
Milwaukee  avenue.  Kenosha,  Wis.  Expense  has  been  of  minor 
consideration  in  fitting  out  the  establishment.  Harry  F.  Mayer 
is  in  charge  and  associated  with  him  in  the  business  is  Prof. 
F.   C.  !Mayer,  of  ^Marquette  University. 

The  Ummel  Drug  Co.,  newly  organized  and  consisting  of 
Peter  Ummel,  a  pharmacist,  and  \Vm.  F.  Lenhart,  has  pur- 
chased the  Postoffice  drug  store,  Peru,  Ind.,  formerly  con- 
ducted by  C.  Howard  Jenner.  To  please  the  public,  will  be 
the  policy  of  the  new  management. 

The  Allen  Drug  Company,  Wiggins,  Miss.,  was  sold  out 
by  the  Chancery  Court  recently,  the  sale  netting  but  $801. 
Complaint  was  made  by  the  creditors  who  offered  a  bond  for 
a  resale,  stating  that  the  price  was  less  than  20  per  cent,  of 
the  actual  value  of  the  stock. 

The  Kice  Annex  Drug  Store,  Houston,  Texas,  has  been 
purchased  for  S25.000  by  George  L.  Wilson  and  associates. 
Tom  M.  Taylor,  N.  E.  Meador,  A.  J.  Elliott  and  Harvey  T.  D. 
Wilson  are  on  the  directorate,  and  the  name  of  the  new  firm 
is  the  Rice  Hotel  Drug  Store. 

Charles  P.  Kirst,  druggist  at  Two  Rivers,  Wis.,  has 
completed  plans  for  erecting  a  large  business  block.  The 
Kirst  pharmacy  will  occupy  a  portion  of  the  first  floor  quar- 
ters, while  the  Two  Rivers  telephone  exchange  will  be  located 
on  the  second  floor. 


PLANT  MAKES  SOLUTION  MAGNESIA  CITRATE. 


Equipped     Solely     for    This     Purpose — 27     Bottles     a 
Minute — Sanitation  a  Fe.iture. 

THE  growth  of  one  feature  of  a  business  until  it  in  itself 
becomes  a  business  or  industry  is  an  interesting  thing  to 
contemplate.  Such  a  development  is  the  manu'acture  of 
solution  of  citrate  of  magnesia,  the  sole  line  of  activity  of  the 
Kleinschmidt  Magnesia  Company,  of  Xew  York.  Both 
President  Klein- 
schmidt and  ^'ice- 
President  de 
Gnichy,  of  the 
company,  were 
formerly  in  the 
wholesale  drug 
business,  and  in 
that  connection 
grasped  the  pos- 
sibilities and  ad- 
vantages for  the 
retail  trade  in 
a  manufacturing 
plant  which 
would  supply  to 
druggists  "fresh 
every  day"  a 
product  which 
rapidly  deterio- 
rates on  aging. 
In  modeling  their 
building  and  in- 
stalling its  equip- 
ment, they  have 
had  an  eye  not 
only  to  every  de- 
tail which  would 
e  X  p  e  d  it  e  the 
standard  manu- 
facture of  their 
product,  but  have 
also  made  every 
■effort  to  main- 
tain absolutesani- 
tation. 

The  Era  representative  was  recently  conducted  through  the 
Kleinschmidt  plant  by  Mr,  de  Gruchy.  The  building  is  a 
three-story  affair,  the  top  floor  of  which  is  also  equipped  for 
the  manufacture  of  citric  acid,  now  the  most  expensive  con- 
stituent of  solution  of  citrate  of  magnesia.  On  this  floor  the 
citric  acid,  sugar — everything  but  the  magnesium  carbonate, 
is  sent  through  chutes  to  vats  downstairs,  where  the  actual 
process  of  manufacture  is   consummated. 

The  vats  on  the  second  floor  are  of  5000-bottle  capacity 
each,  and  there  is  one  vat  for  each  of  the  four  chutes.  To 
relieve  the  building  of  this  great  weight,  in  case  of  fire,  large 
drain  pipes  have  been  provided  in  accordance  with  the  fire 
regulations.  A  high-pressure  pump  drives  the  product  from 
the  vats  through  a  chain  of  filters  especially  designed  and 
built  for  this  purpose,  the  filtered  sparkling  clear  solution  of 
citrate  magnesia  being  run  into  what  Mr.  de  Gruchy  calls  the 
superfluous  tank.  A  safety  valve  in  this  tank  maintains  the 
product  at  a  constant  height,  a  supply  the  bottling  department 
may  always  draw  upon,  for  as  soon  as  all  the  product  is  filled 
into  bottles  its  place  is  taken  by  a  new  supply  which  runs 
automatically  into  the  tank.    Electricity  is  the  sole  power  used. 

The  main  floor,  devoted  to  bottling  the  solution,  the  sending 
out  of  orders  and  receipt  of  empties,  is  open  only  to  workmen. 
A  balcony  overlooks  this  department  and  from  it  visitors  may 
get  a  good  view  of  this  interesting  process.  Case  after  case  of 
"empties"  glide  in  over  the  spinning  rollers  of  the  long  con- 
veyor on  the  right  side,  and  on  the  left,  full  cases  constantly 
shoot  out  to  the  waiting  wagons  in  front  of  the  building.  The 
machinery  for  soaking,  washing  and  rinsing  the  empty  bottles  and 
for  filling  and  "gasing"  them  is  in  the  center.  Everything  is 
done  by  machinery,  everj'thing  is  automatic.  Thirty-eight 
grains  of  "gas"  go  into  each  bottle — and  every  ingredient  in 
the  product  is  as  exactly  proportioned.  Twenty-seven  bottles 
of  the  solution  per  minute  is  the  capacity  of  the  plant.  In 
the  bottling  department,  as  elsewhere,  sanitation  has  been  made 
a    feature,    and    by   hose,   hot   or   cold   water   may    be   used   to 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


397 


wash  down  the  walls,  machinery  and  tile  floor.  Not  alone  the 
entire  interior  of  the  building,  but  all  the  inachinery  in  it  is 
painted  white,  and  when  one  sees  the  workmen  in  their  clean 
white  coats  one  can  well  believe  that  the  product  made  under 
such  conditions  must  be  clear  and  sanitary. 

Mr.  de  Gruchy  observed  that  solution  of  citrate  of  magnesia 
should  be  taken  fresh  and  that  the  average  retail  druggist  did 
not  have  the  time  to  prepare  the  product  more  than  possibly 
twice  a  week.  "The  gas  passes  off  on  aging.  We  have  the 
goods  ready  for  the  druggist  every  day."  The  company  has 
10  wagons  with  which  it  delivers  to  the  trade. 


are   invited   to  write   for   copies   of   "Oral   Hygiene   in   Modern 
Therapy,"   as   well  as   "Dollars   for  Druggists." 


Standardized    Tinctures. 

In  order  to  maintain  the  required  standard  and  purity  of 
pharmaceutical  preparations,  the  utmost  care  must  be  exercised 
in  the  selection  of  material,  every  step  of  manufacture  must 
be  conducted  under  rigid  and  expert  supervision,  and  the 
finished  product  should  be  determined  by  thorough  analysis 
and  standardization.  To  insure  thoroughly  dependable  products 
requires  the  services  of  the  expert  botanist  and  pharmacologist, 
a  complete  and  modern  equipment  for  manufacture,  and  an 
expert  analyst  for  the  final  determination  and  standardization 
of  the  finished  product. 

For  obvious  reasons,  the  busy  pharmacist  has  not  the  time 
to  standardize  the  small  quantities  of  many  preparations  re- 
quired for  a  few  months'  supply  in  a  prescription  business; 
nor  is  it  possible  that  he  should  have  available  at  all  times 
the  necessary  crude  drugs  in  the  small  quantities  required. 
On  the  other  hand,  the  manufacturer,  with  his  scientific  staff 
and  modsrn  laboratory  equipment,  is  admirably  prepared  not 
only  to  comply  with  these  requirements,  but  he  has  the  oppor- 
tunity to  purchase  crude  drugs  of  best  quality  at  an  economy 
in  cost,  because  of  the  large  quantities  used,  and  thus  to 
insure  both  standardization  of  product  and  a  minimum  of  cost 
to  manufacture. 

Physicians  generally  are  in  sympathy  with  all  measures  which 
promise  better  results  in  treatment  and  will  invariably  prefer 
standardized  preparations.  Would  not,  therefore,  a  stock  of 
Sharp  &  Dohme's  standardized  tinctures  be  a  paying  invest- 
ment? They  are  prepared  from  the  best  quality  of  drugs 
obtainable,  are  manufactured  under  the  most  exacting  and 
experienced  supervision,  are  standardized,  and  therefore  abso- 
lutely dependable,  and  will  insure  the  pharmacist  against  any 
criticism  on  account  of  the  rigid  inspection  to  which  all 
medicinal  preparations  are  subject  since  the  enactment  of  the 
National  and  State  pure  food  and  drug  laws. 

Following  is  a  list  of  standardized  tinctures  procurable  from 
the  Sharp  &  Dohme  laboratories  at  Baltimore,  or  from  any 
of  their  branch   houses  or  through   distributing  jobbers; 

Blood  Root,  U.S. P.  Iron  Chloride  Tasteless,  N.F. 

Aconite   Root,   U.S. P.  Gelsemium,  U.S. P. 

Belladonna  Leaves,  U.S. P.  Ginger,   U.S. P. 

Arnica    Flowers,    U.S. P.  Golden  Seal,  U.S. P. 

Asafetida,   U.S. P.  Hyoscyamus,  U.S. P. 

Benzoin   Comp.,    U.S. P.  Iodine   Colorless. 

Calabar  Bean.  U.S. P.  Nu.\    Vomica,   U.S. P. 

Cannabis    Indica,    U.S. P.  Opium,   U.S. P. 

Cantharides,   U.S. P.  Opium   Camphorated,   U.S. P. 

Capsicum,  U.S. P.  Opium   Deodorized,  U.S. P. 

Cinchona,   U.S. P.  .Squill,  U.S. P. 

Cinchona   Comp.,   U.S. P.  Strophanthus,   U.S. P. 

Colchicum  Seed.  U.S. P.  Stramonium   Leaves,  U.S. P. 

Digitalis,  U.S. P.  Veratrum,   U.S. P. 
Iron  Chloride,  U.S. P. 

The  recent  increased  use  of  standardized  tinctures  tends  to 
show  that  it  will  pay  you  to  stock  these  preparations,  and  if 
you  will  favor  Sharp  &  Dohme  with  an  order  for  a  compre- 
hensive line  of  their  standardized  tinctures,  they  will  be  glad 
to  notify  every  physician  in  your  immediate  neighborhood  that 
you  have  them  in  stock. 


Oral  Prophylaxis. 

The  Dentinol  and  Pyorrhocide  Company  of  New  York 
announces  that  it  has  recently  completed  the  distribution  of 
"Oral  Hygiene  in  Modem  Therapy"  to  physicians  throughout 
the  United  States.  This  booklet  handles  the  subject  of  oral 
prophylaxis,  in  its  relation  to  systemic  disease,  in  a  distinctly 
original  manner.  Beside  this,  the  company  maintains  the 
Pyorrhocide  Clinic  permanently  at  its  headquarters  in  New 
York,  for  the  instruction  and  assistance,  either  personally  or 
through  correspondence,  of  those  dentists  and  physicians  who 
are  interested  in  the  treatment  and  prevention  of  pyorrhea, 
and    the    question    of   oral    prophy'axis    in    general.      Druggists 


Mothersill's  Travel  Book. 

Under  this  title  the  Mothersill  Remedy  Co.,  Ltd.,  of  Detroit, 
Mich.,  has  issued  a  beautifully  printed  booklet  which  will  be 
appreciated  by  travelers  and  those  who  propose  to  travel. 
Among  the  subjects  discussed  are  "The  Bugbear  of  Travel," 
"See  America  First,"  "Going  Abroad,"  etc.,  much  information 
being  given  on  what  to  take,  baggage  and  checking  systems, 
routes,  customs,  etc.,  values  of  foreign  monies,  time  and  dis- 
tance tables,  tips  on  the  Continent,  in  short,  just  the  advice 
the  would-be  traveler  needs  in  planning  a  sight-seeing  trip  to 
any  part  of  his  own  country  or  to  foreign  lands.  Of  course, 
the  booklet  calls  attention  to  the  well-known  remedy  manu- 
factured by  this  company  and  which  is  recommended  to  relieve 
seasickness,  trainsickness  and  the  nausea  caused  by  motion  in 
traveling. 


An  Optical  Illusion. 

The  Xewskin  Companv  has  recently  gotten  out  a  very  striking 

counter  card  for 
use  in  drug  stores, 
the  effect  of  which 
is  a  curious  optical 
illusion.  A  pair  of 
hands  is  repro- 
duced in  color,  and 
the  reproduction  is 
so  life-like  that 
apparently  the 
hands  are  those  of 
some  person  be- 
hind the  counter. 
It  would  be  interesting  to  know  the  effect  of  this  display  in 

various  drug  stores  under  different   conditions  of  lighting  and 

arrangement. 


Souvenir  of  Parke,   Davis   &  Co. 

.\  beautifully  illustrated  booklet  under  the  above  title,  de- 
scriptive of  the  offices,  laboratories  and  branch  establishments 
of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  and  gotten  up  for  distribution  to^ 
visitors,  has  been  issued  by  this  enterprising  house.  It  con- 
tains a  fairly  complete  series  of  illustrations  of  the  company's 
home  offices  in  Detroit,  and  the  19  branch  establishments  scat- 
tered throughout  the  world — 12  branches  in  the  United  States, 
and  seven  abroad.  In  the  text  the  effort  is  made  to  tell  just 
what  the  company  stands  for  as  a  house,  what  its  scientific 
history  has  been,  what  it  has  attempted  to  do,  and  what  it  is 
today.  The  story  sets  forth  many  "human  interest  facts,"  and 
the  illustrations  reproduce  various  scenes  and  phases  of  phar- 
maceutical manufacturing  and  research  work,  as  well  as  por- 
traits of  the  leading  officers  of  the  company  who  have  done  and 
are  doing  things.  However  considered,  the  booklet  is  a  work 
of  art  and  a  real  souvenir,  and  while  it  is  intended  to  be  used 
solely  for  distribution  to  the  hundreds  of  druggists  and  phy- 
sicians who  visit  the  P.D.&Co.  laboratories,  a  copy  will  be 
mailed  to  any  druggist  who  will  drop  the  company  a  card' 
request. 


Quiet,  Clear  Weather  F.^vored  G.A.S.  Tourists  at  Sea. 

From  letters  received  by  Felix  Hirseman  at  the  office  of  the 
Apotheker  Zeitung  it  was  learned  that  the  G.A.S.  European 
tour  party  enjoyed  quiet,  clear  weather  on  their  trip  across  the 
Atlantic,  not  one  member  suffering  from  seasickness.  A  feature 
of  the  trip  was  the  celebration  held  on  the  J^ourth  of  July. 
Orations  were  delivered  by  various  speakers  among  the  pas- 
sengers. Dr.  William  C.  Alpers  ably  representing  the  G.A.S. 
party.  He  concluded  his  effort  by  calling  for  three  cheers  for 
President  Wilson  and  the  German  Kaiser.  Members  of  the 
G.A.S.  bowling  club  challenged  representatives  of  various, 
bowling  clubs  who  were  en  route  for  the  international  games. 
The  apothecaries  were  defeated  by  a  narrow  margin.  The 
G.A.S.  ladies  saved  the  day,  so  to  speak,  by  defeating  the 
ladies  of  the  victors  in  the  former  contest.  A  concert  aboard' 
arranged  by  Hugo  Kantrowitz  proved  a  great  success  and  a 
considerable  sum  was  collected  for  the  Sailor's  Home.  A  bottle 
containing  a  message  WTitten  in  German,  English  and  French, 
promising  the  finder  $5  if  the  bottle  is  returned  to  Miss  Claire 
Kantrowitz,  was  cast  overboard.  The  party  disembarked  at 
Bremen. 


398  THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA  [August,  1914 

A  Display  That  Won  First  Prize  and  Helped  the  Druggist  Sell  Goods. 


THE  accompanying  illustration  is  a  photographic  repro- 
duction of  a  window  display  in  the  store  of  Frank  E. 
Starbird,  New  London,  Ohio.  This  display  won  first 
prize  in  a  contest  conducted  by  the  manufacturer  of  the  article 
displayed.  It  gives  an  excellent  illustration  of  the  co-operative 
work  retailers  are  giving  the  manufacturers  of  standard,  adver- 
tised brands  of  goods.  Also  Mr.  Starbird  has  carried  out  the 
most  up-to-date  ideas  regarding  special  sales  without  price 
cutting.  The  window,  you  will  notice,  concentrates  entirely 
on  the  article.  An  ad.  was  run  in  a  local  newspaper  during  the 
two  weeks  of  the  special  sale.  Booklets  were  given  out  and 
mailed  to  families  where  there  was  sickness  with  a  letter  calling 
attention  to  the  uses  and  merits  of  the  article.  Every  package 
that  left  the  store  during  the  display  bore  a  sticker  advertising 
the  article.  The  display  itself  is  excellent  but  the  most  com- 
mendable feature  about  the  special  sale  is  the  fact  that  every 
other  available  means  of  publicity  was  used  to  back  up  the 
exhibit.  Connective  advertising — creative  selling — campaigns 
along  definite  and  thoroughly  planned  lines  and  specializing 
on  one  article  are  vastly  more  productive  than  the  miscellaneous 
advertising  of  everything  in  general  but  nothing  in  particular. 


exclusion  and  specification  unnecessary  and  that  the  likely 
enactment  and  enforcement  of  the  Harrison  bill  would  regulate 
the  sale  and  interchange  of  such  preparations  in  interstate 
commerce  was  the  decision  of  the  Section's  committee  ap- 
pointed to  consider  the  matter.  The  committee  also  objected 
to  the  definition  of  the  exact  quantities  of  opium  or  derivatives 
because  the  provision  would  admit  to  the  mails  one  tablet  con- 
taining one-twentieth  of  a  grain  of  morphine,  for  instance, 
and  would  prevent  the  mailing  of  more  than  five  of  such  tablets. 
Customers  could  not  receive  these  preparations  by  mail  in 
quantities  which  would  be  of  any  benefit  to  them. 


Planten-Savage . 
William  Rutger  John  Planten,  son  of  the  late  John  Rutger 
Planten,  founder  of  the  firm  of  H.  Planten  &  Son,  capsule 
manufacturers  of  Brooklyn,  and  Consul-General  for  the  Nether- 
lands in  this  city  for  many  years,  was  married  on  June  26  to 
Miss  Ruth  Savage,  of  Manhattan,  Boston  and  Pittsburgh, 
daughter  of  the  late  Rev.  W.  H.  Savage,  of  Boston.  The 
wedding  was  in  the  Church  of  the  Messiah,  and  after  the 
ceremony  a  reception  was  held  at  Carnegie  Hall  in  the  studio 
of  the  bride's  bi*ther,  Paul  Savage.  Within  the  past  few  years 
Mr.  Planten  has  stepped  out  of  active  business  and  established 
a  studio  in  Carnegie  Hall.  He  is  an  admirable  singer  and  is 
prominently  identified  with  the  University  Glee  Club  of  Brook- 
lyn.   He  has  a  coimtry  home  at  Lake  Mahopic. 


Secretaries  Abolish   Insecticide  Act  Guaranty. 

The  Secretaries  of  the  Treasury,  Agriculture  and  Conunerce 
have  found  that  the  guaranty  legend  on  substances  used  for 
the  destruction  or  prevention  of  insects  and  fungi  is  deceptive 
and  misleading  and  have  signed  an  amendment  to  the  regula- 
tions under  the  insecticide  act  abolishing  the  use  of  serial  num- 
bers on  insecticides  and  fungicides.     The  regulation  as  amended 

also  holds  that  the  use  of  the  legend,  "Guaranteed  by 

under  the  insecticide  act  of  1910,"  on  the  labeling  of  insecticides 
and  fungicides,  or  similar  legends  is  misleading  and  deceptive. 
The  new  regulation  becomes  effective  May  1,  1916.  For  goods 
packed  previous  to  that  date  the  amendment  becomes  effective 
November  1,  1916.  Manufacturers  may  conform  with  the  law 
at  any  time.  A  wholesaler,  manufacturer  or  jobber  wishing  to 
guarantee  his  goods  so  as  to  protect  the  dealer  may  incorporate 
his  guaranty  in  or  attach  it  to  the  bill  of  sale,  invoice,  bill  of 
lading  or  other  schedule. 


Drug  Trade  Section  Protests  Proposed  P.O.  Ruling. 
The  Drug  Trade  Section  of  the  New  York  Board  of  Trade 
and  Transportation  has  requested  the  Postmaster-General  to 
amend  his  contemplated  postal  regulation  defining  "poisonous 
substances"  admissible  in  the  mails,  by  eliminating  the  two 
final  proviso  clauses,  prohibiting  the  mailing  of  all  prepara- 
tions containing  cocaine  and  derivatives  and  specifying  the 
•^xact  quantities  of  opium  and  opium  derivatives  in  prepara- 
tions which  may  be  mailed.  That  State  laws  governing  the 
sale  of  such  preparations  in   intrastate  trade  make  the  above 


Violation  of  Court  Decree  Alleged. 
The  Syrup  Pepsin  Co.,  of  Scottsburg,  Ind.,  has  been  cited  by 
Judge  Albert  B,  Anderson,  of  the  United  States  District  Court 
at  Indianapolis,  to  show  cause  why  it  should  not  be  punished 
for  contempt.  On  action  brought  by  the  Pepsin  Syrup  Co., 
Monticello,  III,  the  Scottsburg  company  was  found  to  be 
violating  the  trade-mark  rights  of  the  Monticello  company. 
The  Scottsburg  company  was  ordered  to  cease  such  violations 
and  to  turn  over  to  the  Monticello  company  all  advertising 
matter  conflicting  with  the  trade-mark  rights.  The  Monticello 
company  has  made  complaint  that  the  decree  has  not  been 
observed. 


Charles  Leich  &  Co.,  wholesale  druggists,  Evansville,  Ind., 
will  move  to  more  commodious  quarters  in  the  building  at 
Fifth  and  Bond  streets.  The  building,  which  is  a  three-story 
affair,  will  be  remodeled. 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


399 


PATEIMTS  AMD  TRADI 


MENTHOL    INHALER   AND   PENCIL. 


CROCKER  H.  SANDFORD,  Baltimore,  Md.,  is  the  inven- 
tor of  a  new  menthol  novelty  in  the  form  of  a  combined 
inhaler  and  pencil  (Patent  No.  1,102,086).  It  comprises 
a  body  section  having  air  inlets,  a  cap  section  detachably 
mounted   upon   the   body   section   and   adapted   to   be   removed 


1,10..0^C..  1,1«1.025. 

therefrom  and  adjusted  to  expose  said  air  inlets;  a  socket  upon 
the  body  section  having  air  passages  communicating  with  the 
body  section,  a  body  of  menthol  fitted  within  and  projecting 
from  the  socket  and  provided  with  a  tapering  passage  communi- 
cating with  the  air  passages,  and  a  stopper  carried  by  the  body 
section  and  projecting  into  the  socket  and  passage  in  the 
menthol.  A  tube  carried  by  the  cap  projects  into  the  passage 
in  the  menthol  body  and  is  adapted  to  be  closed  by  the  stopper 
when  the  cap  is  fully  applied.  The  device  is  shown  in  the 
above  illustration. 


Method  of  Making  Chloroform. 

A  new  method  of  making  chloroform  has  been  devised  by 
Thomas  J.  Griswold,  Jr.,  and  Charles  J.  Strosacker,  and  by 
them  assigned  to  the  Midland  Chemical  Co.,  of  Midland, 
Mich.  (Patent  No.  1,101,025).  It  consists  in  reducing  carbon 
tetrachloride  by  means  of  iron  in  the  presence  of  water,  such 
iron  being  introduced  in  the  form  of  particles;  and  subjecting 
such  particles  to  a  grinding  action  during  the  progress  of  the 
reaction,  whereby  they  are  gradually  reduced  in  fineness. 


Apparatus  for  Forming-  Medicinal  Tablets. 
This   apparatus,    the    invention   of   Henry   E.   Whitaker   and 
James  McDonald,   assignors  to  Parke,   Davis  &   Co.,   Detroit, 


Mich.  (Patent  No.  1,102,374),  consists  of  a  mould  plate  having 
a  series  of  mould  cavities  therein,  a  roll  extending  transversely 

VHT  Copy  of  Patent  or  Trade-Mark  ISc.  Trade-Marks  & 
Labels  Registered.  Advice  under  F.&  D.  Acts.  Send  for  Book. 
G.  H.  DAVIS,  918   F  St.,  N.W.,   Washington,  D.C.    (Adv.) 


of  the  mould  plate  for  depositing  a  uniform  layer  of  material 
over  the  latter,  a  blade,  and  means  for  operating  said  blade  to 
scrape  and  knead  the  material  into  the  mould  cavities.  When 
the  material  is  deposited  on  the  plate  it  is  carried  by  a  pair  of 
oppositely  rotating  members  across  the  bed  of  the  plate  and 
pressed  and  scraped  into  the  mould  cavities,  suitable  means 
being  provided  for  removing  the  surplus  material  accumulated 
by  scrapers.  .%!  ejector  disengages  the  moulded  tablets  from 
the  mould  plates. 


Tablet  Making  Machine. 
This  medicinal  tablet  making  machine  is  the  invention  of 
Louis  P.  Tenca,  assignor  to  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  Indianapolis, 
Ind.  (Patent  No.  1,100,928).  It  comprises  a  plate  provided 
with  a  hole  or  group  of  holes,  means  for  intermittently  moving 
the  plate,   feeder  mechanism  which  feeds  material  to  said  holes 

J3L 


during  alternate  periods  of  rest  of  the  tablet  plate,  and  a  dis- 
charge mechanism  for  ejecting  the  tablets  from  the  holes  during 
the  other  alternate  periods  of  rest  of  the  tablet  plate,  this 
mechanism  consisting  of  a  plunger  movable  transversely  to  the 
tablet  plate  and  provided  with  a  pin  which  extends  into  each 
hole  in  the  plate  upon  movement  of  the  plunger.  A  stripper 
plate,  spring-mounted  on  the  plunger,  is  provided  with  a  hole 
for  each  pin  of  the  plunger,  the  face  of  the  stripper  plate  toward 
the  tablet  plate  normally  being  closer  thereto  than  are  the  ends 
of  the  pin  or  pins,  and  means  for  reciprocating  the  plunger  a 
plurality  of  times  at  each  discharge  period  of  rest  of  the  tablet 
plate.  The  feeder  mechanism  comprises  a  rotatable  spatula 
close  to  the  tablet  plate  and  operative  only  when  the  hole 
or  holes  are  in  position  to  receive  material  from  the  spatula. 

PATENTS. 


Granted   June   23,    1914. 

1,100,720— Paul    Ehrlich    and    Alfred    Btrtheim,    assignors    to    Farb- 

werke    vorm.    Meister    Lucius    &    Bruning,    Hochst-on-the-Main, 

Germany.     Polyarseno   compounds   and   process   of  making  same. 
1,100,730— Max    Hamel,    Treptow,    assignor    to    Nitritfabrik    Aktien- 

gesellschaft,   Copenick,   near  Berlin,  Germany.     Process  for  the 

preparation  of  gallic  acid. 
1,100,734— Robert    D.    Hughes,    Lynchburg,    Va.      Bottle    protecting 

device. 
1,100,741— Emil    Jagenberg,    Dusseldorf,    Germany.      Label    gumming 

and  attaching  machine. 
1,100,751— Carl   O.   Lindstrom,   Chicago,   111.     Disinfecting  or  perfum- 
ing apparatus.  . 
1,100,81&— Robert    O.    Boardman,    assignor   of   one-half   to   Martin   H. 

Dykstra,   Grand    Rapids,    Mich.      Bottle   cap   remover. 
1.100,84J— John    E.    Red,   Wortham,  Texas.      Non-refillable   bottle. 
1,100,909— Hyman     Presnick,     Brooklyn,     and     Samuel     Youngerman, 

New  York,   N.   Y.     Self-locking  bottle  holder. 
1,100,928— Louis  P.  Tenka,  assignor  to  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  Indianapolis, 

Ind.     Tablet  making  machine. 
1.100,933— Helen  I.   Weed,   Buffalo,  N.  Y.     Bottle  cap  lifter. 
1,100,935— Ross  B.   Yerby,  New  York,   N.  Y.     Bottle  closure  device. 
1^00,944— Jacob  Benario,  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany.    Adhesive 

plaster. 
1,100,998— Max    C.    Traub,    Basel,    Switzerland,    assignor   to   the    firm 

of    McKesson    and     Robbins,     New    York,    N.     Y.      Process    of 

manufacturing  alkylethers   of  morphine. 
1,101,003— Fritz    F.    Zuckschwerdt,    Ilmenau,    Germany,    assignor    to 
Linus  B.  Kaufifman,  Columbus,  Ohio.    Thermometer. 


400 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


1,101,017— Adam  W.  Feltmann,  Chicago.  III.  Apparatus  for  the 
treatment  of  hemorrhoids. 

1,101.025— Thomas  Griswold,  Jr.,  and  Charles  J.  Strosacker,  assign- 
ors to  the  Midland  Chemical  Co.,  Midland,  Mich.  Method  of 
making  chloroform. 

1,101.071— Jacob  Simon  de  Haan,  Klaten,  Java.  Manufacture  of  cane 
sugar. 

1,101.111— Arthur  Zitscher,  assignor  to  Chemische  Fabrik  Gricsheim- 
Elektron.  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany.  Process  of  making 
the  arylamids  of  2.3-oxynaphthoic  acid. 

1,101.355 — August   Temper,   Milwaukee,   Wis.     Bottle   holder. 

1,101.570 — Emil  Wolf,  assignor  to  Chinoin  gyogyszer  es  vegyeszeti 
termekek  gyara  r.t.  Dr.  Kereszty  es  Dr.  Wolf,  Ujpest,  Austria- 
Hungary.  Process  for  the  manufacture  of  aliphatic  alkyl  sul- 
phates. 

l,101,+*9 — Wilhelm  E.  Kemmerich,  Mulheim-on-the-Rhine,  Germany. 
Stabilized  oxidizing  agents. 

Granted   June   30,    1914. 

1,101. 56S — Thomas  Roberts,  Bolton,  England.  Means  for  taking 
samples   of  powdered   substances  or   liquids. 

1.101,574 — William  A.  Shephard,  Waukesha,  Wis.  Liquid  mixing 
and  tilling*  apparatus. 

1.101.tv<7— Clyde  C.  Deeds,  Terre  Haute,  Ind.     Bottle  closure. 

1,101.753 — Emil  Fischer.  Berlin,  Germany,  assignor  to  Synthetic 
Patents  Co.,  Inc.,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Salts  of  high  molecular 
fatty   acids   containing  arsenic   and  a   halogen. 

1,101.73-4 — Emil  Fischer,  Berlin,  Germany,  assignor  to  Synthetic 
Patents  Co.,  Inc.,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Iron  salts  of  high  mole- 
cular fatty   acids  containing  arsenic  and  a  halogen. 

1,101,744 — ^Joseph  V.  Irenius,  Newark,  N.  J.  Bottle  feeding  device 
for  bottle  capping  machines. 

1,101,754 — Georg  Merling,  Otto  Chrzescinski.  and  Hugo  Kohler,  as- 
signors to  Farbenfabriken  vorm.  Friedr.  Bayer  &  Co.,  Etber- 
feld,    Germany.      Beta-acetylalkylene-tetraalkyldiamins. 

1,101.772— Frank  S.  Young,  Newark,  N.  J.  Process  of  manufacturing 
magnesium  carbonate  from  magnesian  limestone. 

l,101.9S4~Loren  A.  Whiting  and  Genio  S.  Parker,  Hartford,  Conn. 
Non-refiUable  bottle. 

1,101,965 — William  Sanger,  Orange,  N.  J.  Method  of  making  sub- 
stitutes for  cork. 

1,102.086 — Crocker  H.  Sanford,  Baltimore,  Md.  Menthol  inhaler  and 
pencil. 

1,102,129— Be  rnhard  Benedix,  Hamburg,  Germany.  Fatty  sapona- 
ceous product  and  method  of  manufacturing  same. 

1,102.223 — Frederick  N.  Bowne  and  Daniel  I.  Hawkins,  New  York, 
N.   Y.     Non-retillable  bottle. 

Granted    July    7,    1914. 

1,102,296— James  S.    Porter,   Buffalo,  N.   Y.     Bottle  stopper. 
1,102,349— Milton     Murray,     Williams     Wharf,     Va.       Non-refillable 

bottle. 
1,102,374 — Henry  E.   Whitaker  and  James  M.  MacDonald,   assignors 

to   Parke.   Davis   &  Co.,   Detroit,   Mich.     Apparatus  for  forming 

medicinal  tablets. 
1,102,497 — John   E.    Green,    Boston,   Mass.     Bottle   stopper   remover. 
1,102.539— John    H.    Nield,    Hackensack,    N.    J.,    assignor    to    General 

Chemical    Company,    New    York,    N.    Y.      Process    of    producing 

hydrochloric  acid. 
1,102,560— Samuel    S.    Williamson,    Philadelphia,    Pa.      Non-refillable 

bottle. 
1,102.670— Hermann    von    Keler    and   Anton    Weindel,    assignors,    by 

mesne  assignments,   to  General   Chemical   Co.,   New   York,   N.  Y. 

Process  for  producing  sulphuric  acid  anhydride  according  to  the 

contact  process. 
1.102,699 — Oscar    Sondhelm    and    Harrj'    M.    Veit,    assignors    to    Carl 

Bomeisler,  New  York,  N.   Y.     Bottle  stopper. 
1,102.827— August    Vagt,    assignor    to    Farbenfabriken    vorm.    Friedr. 

Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld,  Germany.     Process  of  producing  sulfonic 

acids. 
1,102.832— Earl   Porter  W^etmore.  Toledo,  Ohio.     Labeling  machine. 
1,102,905 — Etienne    Gibaudan,    Chateau    de-la-Coupe,    near    Narbonne, 

and   Alphonse   Jean    Frager,    Paris,    France.     Alcoometer. 
1,102,911 — Christian     Hansen,     assignor     to     Farbenfabriken     vorm. 

Friedr.  Bayer  &  Co..  Elberfeld,  Germany.     Process  of  producing 

sulphur  and  sulphates. 
1,103,007 — David    M.    Sherman    and    Charles   P.    Kleebauer,    assignors 

to  the  Kleeboe  Company,  Inc.,  New  York,  N.  Y.     Non-refillable 

bottle. 

Granted   July    14,    1914. 
1,103,111 — Frederick     Wachter,     assignor     to     Parke,     Davis     &     Co., 

Detroit,    Mich.     Ampul   holder. 
1,103.259 — John    J.    Buckley,    Boston,    Mass.      Fly    paper   holder. 
1,103,34S— Vincent     Capobianco,     New     York,     N.     Y.      Non-refillable 

bottle. 
1,103,371 — Charles    F.    My  re  and   Joseph   P.    Hebert,   Chippewa   Falls, 

Wis.     Aseptic   thermometer  holder. 
1,103,515 — Sylvester    B.    Husch    and    George    S.    Husch,    New    York, 

X.  Y.     Toothbrush. 
1,103,600— Herbert     N.     McCoy.     Chicago,     111.      Method    of    treating 

radio-active  barium  compounds. 
1,103,658 — Humbert    Cantoni.    Jean    Chautems    and    Emile    Degrange, 

assignors    to   Cantoni    Chautems    et    Compagnie    and    Emile    De- 
grange.   Geneva,   Switzerland.     Manufacture   of  cream   of   tartar. 
1,103,675 — Jeremiah    C.    Lautenbacher   and    Albert    Geary,    Schuylkill 

Haven.    Pa.     Non-refillable   bottle. 
1,103.684— Elihu  R.   Pettit,   Philadelphia,  Pa.     Atomizer. 
1,103.692— Louis   F.    Seames,   Buffalo,   N.   Y.     Bottle   stopper. 
1,103,731 — Owen    Granville    Ashley,    Tolchester    Beach,    Md.      Bottle 

opener. 
1,103,737 — Frank    M.    Budlong,    assignor    of    one-third    to    John    M. 

Curragh.    San   Jose,    Cal.      Closure   for   bottles,    jars,    etc. 
1,103.752 — Paul  G.   Fuegmann  and   Friedrich   Herman   Hummel,   West 

New  York,  N.  J.     Sanitary  bottle. 
1,103,879— Edward   F.    Hoffman,    Glandorf,    Ohio.     Toothbrush. 


NEW   INCORPORATIONS. 


The  Horsey  Drug  &  Mercantile  Co.,  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  name 
changed   to    Horsey   Drug   Co. 

The  Ascnthol  Company,  Fort  Wayne.  Ind.;  capital  stock.  $10,000; 
directors,  H.  II.  Rogers,  M.  A.  Rogers  and  Henry  G.  Hogan;  pur- 
pose,  to  deal   in   medicines  and  drugs. 

Eridanea  Company,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.;  capital,  $10,000;  drugs;  B. 
Mauro,  A.   Feye  and  C.   Mxile,   Brooklyn. 

Ine  Northwest  Drug  Co.,  Portland,  Ore.;  capital,  $25,000;  incor- 
porated by  Cecil  H.  Bauer,  Leland  L.  Smith  and  A.  M.  Schweitzer 
to  do  a  wholesale  and  retail  drug  business  in  Portland. 

H.  J.  Mapp  &  Co.,  Chicago;  capital  stock,  $2000;  to  manufacture 
and  deal  in  drugs,  medicines,  etc.;  J.  L.  Mitchell,  A.  A.  Cowin  and 
H.    J.    Mann. 

Kenwood  Drug  Co.,  Springfield,  111.;  $5000;  retail  drugs;  George 
W.    Bowen,  Ora  Dawson  and  Aniel  W^exter. 

Martin  McDermott  estate,  Cohoes.  N.  Y. ;  incorporated  to  manu- 
facture and  deal  in  drugs,  sundries,  pharmaceutical,  medicinal, 
chemical  preparations,  and  electrical  and  medicinal,  surgical  and 
scientific  apparatus;  capital.  $5000;  directors,  Sarah  A.  O'Riley, 
Margaret   A.    and   Sylvester   E.    McDermott,    all   of   Cohoes. 

Cache  Valley  Drug  Co.,  Logan,  Utah;  capital,  $10,000;  president, 
Mrs.  W.  L.  Hendrickson;  vice-president.  Reid  Shamhart;  other 
stockholders.  John  A.  Hendrickson,  George  Taysum,  L.  D.  Naisbitt, 
W.   W.   Hall,  J.   E.  Wilson,  Jr.,  E.  J.   Broberg,  John   Christensen. 

McCarthy  Drug  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis.;  capital,  $10,000;  incor- 
porators,  C.  J.,  J.   E.   and  Margaret  McCarthy. 

National  Tonic  Co.,  Biddeford,  Me.;  capital,  $49,000;  to  make  and 
deal  in  tonics;  President,  J.  A.  Lacharge,  and  treasurer,  V. 
Beaudette,  Jr. 

Ellerbe  Drug  Co.,  Florence,  S.  C. ;  increased  capital  stock  from 
$3000  to  S8000. 

Peerless  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio;  increase  in  stock  from  $25,000 
to  $50,000. 

Monney   Drug  Co.,   Ltd.,  Alberta,   Can.;   capital,  $20,000. 

Allison  Drug  Co.,  Raleigh,  N.  C. ;  capital,  $25,000;  incorporators, 
T.   B.  Allison,   Rosalie  Allison  and  S.  A.  Lynch. 

Pond's  Extract  Co.,  Englewood.  N.  J.;  capital,  $750,000;  incorpora- 
tors. Charles  A.  Corliss,  Robert  H.  Corey. 

Central  Pharmacy,  Inc.,  New  Bern,  N.  C. ;  capital,  $25,000;  incor- 
porators, G.  A.   and  J.  A.   Caton  and  D.  E.  Henderson.     , 

Sanavita  Medical  Co..  Augusta,  Me.;  capital,  $200,000;  president 
and  treasurer,  W.   F.   Peacock,  Augusta, 

Davidge  Drug  Co.,  Hugo,  Tex.;  capital,  $10,000;  incorporators,. 
I.   W.   Davidge,   R.   V.   Womack,   W.   L.   Nesbit. 


RECENT   FIRES. 


At  Fort  Worth,  Tex.,  Castleman's  drug  store,  3100  Avenue  F, 
Polytechnic   Heights;    loss,    $5000;    partially    insured. 

At  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.;  Goodyear  drug  store;  loss  to  buildings 
$10,000. 

At  Kalamazoo,  Mich.;  Francis  Drollet  drug  store;  loss,  $5000. 

At  Marion,  Ind.;  Brady  drug  store;  loss,  total. 

At  Dundee,  111.:  Wagner  Drug  Co.  and  Sinclair  drug  store, 
damaged    in   fire  which   caused  $125,000  loss. 

At  Burlington,  Vt.,  Central  drug  store,  I.  H.  Rosenberg,  proprie- 
tor; loss  by  water  to  stock,  fixtures,  etc.,  $2500;  damage  to  building, 
$1000;  covered   by   insurance. 

At  Mulberry.   Ark.;    Bost   Bros,   drug   store;    loss,   $2000. 

At  Unionville,  Mich. ;  Lowthian  drug  store  totally  destroyed  by 
fire  originating  in  explosion  of  barrel  of  alcohol  due  to  ignition 
from  gasoline  lamp.  Loss  $3000.  Mont  Lowthian,  son  of  proprietor, 
died  from  effects  of  burns. 

At  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  entire  plant  of  Luyties  Pharmacy  Co.  destroyed 
by   fire;   loss,   $150,000.     Plant  will   be   re-equipped. 

At  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Mallinckrodt  Chemical  Co.  will  immediately 
replace  portion  of  plant  recently  destroyed  by  fire  with  loss  of 
$220,000. 

At  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  three  fires  of  mysterious  origin  occurred  in 
manufacturing  plant  of  Smith,   Kline  &  French   Co.     In   the  course 
of  an  investigation  a  watchman  in  the  plant  was  arrested  after  an 
altercation  with  an  assistant  fire  marshal. 
The  McGehee   Drug  Co.,   McGehee,  Ark.;  capital,  $5000;  L.   G.   Ste- 

phan,  president. 
Italian    Druggists*    Corporation,    Inc.,    Manhattan;    capital,    $25,000; 


Truax,  Greene  &  Co.  Fined  $650  for  Selling*  Cooaine. 
Chic-^go,  July  3. — Truax,  Greene  &  Co.,  wholesale  drug- 
gists of  this  city,  have  been  fined  the  sum  of  $650  after  a 
second  trial  by  jury  for  selling  cocaine  without  a  physician's 
prescription.  The  company  was  charged  in  11  instances  with 
having  made  such  sales  and  Assistant  Corporation  Counsel 
Reker  asked  for  the  imposition  of  the  maximum  penalty  which 
would  have  meant  a  fine  of  $2200.  A  self-confessed  cocaine 
user  furnished  much  of  the  evidence.  He  testified  that  he 
purchased  cocaine  from  the  drug  house  on  11  different  occa- 
sions and  that  he  wrote  his  own  prescriptions.  The  witness 
alleged  that  it  was  common  knowledge  among  the  cocaine  users 
of  Chicago  that  the  drug  could  be  obtained  from  the  firm  with- 
out a  duly  authorized  prescription.  Suit  for  a  fine  of  $4000 
against  Truax,  Greene  &  Co.  was  filed  some  time  after  the 
imposition  of  the  above  fine,  the  later  charge  being  that  the 
firm  had  sold  cocaine  on  20  different  occasions  without  receiv- 
ing the  written  order  of  a  duly  registered  physician.  A  sum- 
mons was  issued  for  the  appearance  of  the  company's  repre- 
sentative  before   Municipal    Judge   Newcomer  on    July   31. 


August,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


401 


THE  PEUG  MARKETS 


ADVANCE   IN   OPIUM   THE   FEATURE. 

Marked  Decline  in  Price   of  Kissanlik  Oil  of  Rose — 

Salicylic  Acid   and   Salicylates  Also   Lower. 

See  pages  27   to  41   for  Prices   Current. 

Changes  Sixce  Last  Report. 

A — Acid,  Chrj'sophanic,  True,  vial oz.  .27  —  .29 

D — Acid,   Salicylic,   1-lb.  cartons lb.  .30  —  .36 

Bulk    lb.  .28  —  .33 

From  Gaultheria,  vials,  .oz.  .22  —  .30 

A — Ammonium  Citrate,  1-oz.  vials oz.  .12  —  .15 

D— Balsam  Fir,   Canada lb.  1.45  —  1.55 

A— Borax,   Refined    lb.  .0554—  -08^ 

D—Buchu  Leaves,  Short lb.  1.60  —  1.70 

Powdered lb.  1.70  —  1.80 

A— Buckthorn   Bark    lb.  .27  —  .32 

D— Celery  Seed    lb.  .25  —  .28 

A — Chrysarobin    oz.  .27  —  .29 

.\— Cobalt,   Powdered   (Fly  Poison) lb.  .43  —  .48 

D— Fennel  Seed   lb.  .14  —  .18 

A — Iron   Citrate  and  Ammonia lb.  .72  —  .78 

D— Manna,    Flake,    Large lb.  .85  —  .95 

A— Mullein  Flowers,  1-lb.  cans lb.  1.20  —  1.30 

D— Oil  Cade  lb.  .22  —  .28 

D — Oil  Cottonseed,   Yellow  and  White. ..  .gal.  .69  —  .74 

D— Oil  Orange,  Sweet lb.  2.40  —  2.50 

D— Oil   Peppermint,    New   York lb.  3.75  —  4.00 

D— Oil  Rose,  Kissanlik oz.  11.00  —  12.00 

D— Oil  Salad,  Union  Oil  Co gal.  .70  —  .75 

D— Oil   Spearmint,   Pure lb.  4.00  —  4.25 

A— Opium,    Natural    lb.  7.45  —  7.60 

Granulated     lb.  8.65  —  8.75 

U.S. P.  Powdered   lb.  8.55  —  8.65 

A— Rose  Leaves,  Red lb.  2.25  —  2.50 

D — Saffron,   American    (Safflower) lb.  .60  —  .70 

D— Saw  Palmetto  Berries lb.  .18  —  .20 

A— Silver  Nitrate,  Crystals oz.  .46  —  .49 

Fused  Cones oz.  .59  —  .61 

Stick    (Lunar   Caustic) .  .oz.  .51  —  .54 

D — Sodium  Salicylate  lb.  .32  —  .37 

D— Sugar  of  Milk,  Powdered,  1-lb.  cartons. lb.  .18  —  .22 

A — Tragacanth,   Aleppo,   Extra lb.  1.35  — •  1.40 

No.   1    lb.  1.15  —  1.25 

Powdered    lb.  1.25  —  1.35 

NOTE — A,    advanced;    D,    declined;    C,    correction;  N,  new. 

NF.W  YORK,  July  23. — The  consuming  demand  for  drugs 
and  chemicals,  as  is  usual  at  this  time  of  the  year,  has 
been  of  rather  light  proportions  during  the  past  fortnight, 
buying  being  mostly-  restricted  to  orders  for  goods  to  supply 
immediate  needs.  The  feature  of  the  month  has  been  the  sharp 
advance  in  the  quotations  on  opium,  due  to  cables  from  abroad 
that  holders  were  refusing  to  offer,  and  that  the  outlook  was 
unfavorable  to  the  growing  crop,  owing  to  excessive  rainfalls  in 
the  growing  districts.  Quinine  is  in  light  demand  with  prices 
unchanged.  Citric  acid  is  still  obtainable  at  last  month's 
quotations,  although  a  scarcity  is  reported  in  some  quarters. 
.A  revision  in  the  prices  of  citrate  salts,  however,  shows  higher 
values.  A  revision  of  quotations  also  shows  a  lower  range  for 
all  of  the  essential  and  other  oils  listed  above,  the  most  notable 
decline  being  that  for  oil  of  rose,  Kisanlik,  the  lowest  point 
reached  since  the  beginning  of  the  Balkan  troubles.  Cod  liver 
oil  is  moving  slowly,  but  the  market  remains  apparently  steady. 
Red  rose  leaves  are  higher.  Balsam  of  fir  (Canadian)  is 
slightly  lower,  and  a  decline  is  noted  for  short  buchu  leaves. 
American  saffron  (safflower)  is  in  better  supply  and  easier. 
Tragacanth  is  meeting  with  a  fair  demand  and  higher  prices 
are  asked  for  all  grades.  Silver  nitrate  is  offered  at  a  slight 
reducation  from  previous  quotations.  Salicylic  acid  and  the 
various  salicylates  are  also  lower. 

Opium — The  advance  in  quotations  on  this  drug  furnishes 
the  principal  feature  of  the  month's  price  changes,  and  is  due 
primarily  to  the  adverse  crop  reports  received  from  producing 
districts,  the  heavy  rains  causing  great  losses  to  growers,  who 
are   also   reported   to   be   harassed   by   outlaws   in   some   of   the 


growing  regions  formerly  under  the  control  of  the  Turkish 
Government.  Present  quotations  in  this  market  range  from 
$7.45@$7.60  per  pound  for  natural;  $8.65@$8.75  for  granulated, 
and  $8.55@$8.65  for  U.S. P.  powdered. 

QtjTNiNE — Is  in  light  demand,  with  prices  unchanged  at  26c. 
per  ounce  in  100-ounce  tins. 

Cod  Lu'ER  Oil — Norwegian  remains  quiet  and  steady,  dealers 
asking  80c.@90c.  per  gallon,  and  ?20@$23  per  barrel.  The  fish- 
ing season  is  practically  over. 

Balsam  Fir — Canadian  is  slightly  lower,  jobbers  asking 
$1.45lg$1.5S  per  pound.  At  the  same  time  offerings  from 
primary  sources  are  reported  to  be  light.  Letter  advices  from 
Canada  state  that  conditions  are  such  that  higher  prices  are 
looked  for  at  an  early  date. 

Buchu  Le.wes — While  the  short  variety  is  meeting  with  a 
fair  inquiry,  the  revision  of  prices  shows  a  lower  range,  $1.60@ 
$1.70  per  pound  being  asked  for  whole,  and  $1.70@$1.80  for 
powdered.  Reports  from  abroad  indicate  that  the  market  there 
is  advancing  and  above  the  local  market  here. 

Buckthorn  B.\rk — Is  scarce  both  here  and  abroad,  with 
only  small  parcels  available.  Jobbers  quote  .^27c.@32c.  per 
pound. 

Celery  Seed — Has  been  reduced  to  25c.@28c.  per  pound  in 
consequence  of  reports  from  abroad  relating  to  new  crop.  It 
is  stated  that  this  would  be  of  inferior  quality  and  late  in 
coming  to  market. 

Fennel  Seed — Is  also  easier,  and  is  now  obtainable  at  14c.@ 
18c.  per  pound. 

Manna — Large  flake  is  easier,  and  quotations  have  been 
revised  to  72c. @  78c.  per  pound.  Small  flake  is  in  diminishing 
supply  and  the  tendency  of  the  market  seems  to  be  upward. 

Saffron — American  (safflower)  is  in  plentiful  supply  with 
only  a  moderate  demand,  jobbers  quoting  60c.@70c.  per  pound. 

Tr.agac.'VNTH — Market  reports  indicate  a  scarcity  of  first 
quality  of  Aleppo,  and  jobbing  prices  have  been  advanced  to 
$1.35@$1.40  for  "extra,"  and  $1.15@$1.2S  for  "No.  1,"  while 
powdered   is  quoted  at  $1.25@$1.35   per  pound. 

Red  Rose  Leaves — Are  in  small  supply  and  dealers  have 
advanced  quotations  to  $2.25@$2.50  per  pound. 

Saw  P.\lmetto  Berries — Continue  to  arrive  from  Florida 
and  are  in  plentiful  supply,  with  quotations  reduced  to  18c. @ 
20c.  per  pound. 

Sugar  of  Milk — A  reduction  in  quotations  on  1-lb.  cartons 
is  noted,  18c.@22c.  per  pound  being  asked,  the  market  other- 
wise being  featureless. 

On,  Orange — Sweet  is  still  receding  in  value  in  sympathy 
with  the  lower  range  for  lemon  oil,  quotations  ranging  from 
$2.40@$2.50  per  pound.  No  quotable  changes  are  reported  for 
the  other  Messina  essences. 

On,  Peppermint — Reports  from  producing  centers  indicate 
a  large  crop  of  mint  and  a  heavy  yield  of  oil,  the  news  of 
which  has  not  been  without  effect  on  quotations.  New  York 
grade  has  been  reduced  to  $3.7S@54  per  pound.  Old  crop 
goods  are  reported  in  scant  supply. 

On.  SPE.\RiilNT — The  present  crop  is  reported  to  be  above 
the  average,  with  plentiful  supplies  in  sight.  As  a  result,  prices 
have  declined  to  $4@54.25  per  pound. 

Oil  Rose — A  marked  reduction  is  noted  in  the  quotations 
for  the  Kissanlik  grade,  prices  ranging  from  $11@$12  per 
ounce.  This  is  the  lowest  price  reached  since  the  conclusion 
of  the  Turko-Balkan  war.  Purchasers  are  cautioned  to  ex- 
amine this  product  carefully,  as  much  synthetic  substitute  for 
true  rose  oil  is  reported  by  various  European  authorities. 

Silver  Nitrate — The  recent  advance  of  bar  silver  in  London 
to  26d  per  ounce  and  to  5654c.  per  ounce  here  has  not  been 
without  effect  upon  the  quotations  for  salts  of  this  metal, 
nitrate  in  crystals  being  quoted  at  46c.@49c.  per  ounce;  fused 
cones,  5?c.@61c.  per  ounce,  and  stick  (lunar  caustic),  51c.@54c. 
per  ounce. 

Acid,  Salicylic — Increasing  competition  between  domestic 
and  foreign  manufacturers  has  resulted  in  a  lowering  of  prices, 
bulk  being  quoted  at  28c.@30c.  per  pound;  in  1-lb.  cartons, 
30c.@36c. ;  from  gaultheria,  1-oz.  vials,  22c.@30c.  per  ounce. 
For  the  same  reason,  sodium  salicylate  has  been  marked  down 
to  32c.@37c.  per  pound. 


402 


THE    PIIARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


[August,  1914 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  is  a  systematic  home-study  course, 
desired  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  58  Lee- 
tures;  it  can  be  completed  in  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  the 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete  Prospectus   can   be  had  by  addressing 

Director  Era  Coukse  in  Pharmacy, 

do  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co., 
No.  3   Park   Pu^ce,   New   York. 


A  YOUNG  MAN  FROM  CONNECTICUT. 


L.    B.    Barrett 


Who   Should  Be   Heard  from  in  the   Pharmaceutical 
World   Later   On. 

AS  a  human  document,  speaking  vividly  and  clearly  of 
ambitions,  obstacles  encountered  and  conquered,  and  of 
a  determination  that  will  surely  enable  its  possessor  to 
make  his  mark  in  any  line  of  activity  he  enters,  the  following 
letter  from  Mr.  Leslie  B.  Barrett,  of  Winsted,  Conn.,  is  one 
that  will  challenge  the  admiration  and 
even  arouse  the  envy  of  all  young  men 
and  women  who  read  it.  We  have  not 
seen  for  some  time  so  clear  a  record  of 
work  directed  intelligently  toward  defi- 
nite ends,  each  step  denoting  progress 
in  the  right  direction,  and  all  leading 
toward  a  praiseworthy  goal.  Mr.  Bar- 
rett made  a  final  average  of  99  in  the 
Era  Course  in  Pharmacy,  a  record 
which  has  never  been  surpassed  and 
very  seldom  equalled.  Now,  at  the  age 
of  19,  he  is  eagerly  awaiting  the  begin- 
ning of  his  ne.xt  stage  in  educational 
advancement.     Mr.  Barrett  writes: 

"I  was  bom  at  Winsted  in  1895,  and 
was  graduated  from  the  grammar  school 
in  1909.  The  path  that  led  me  to  stuJy 
chemistry  is  indeed  a  peculiar  one.  Immediately  after  my 
graduation  I  became  interested  in  embalming,  and  notwith- 
standing my  young  age,  spent  much  of  my  time  with  the 
secretary  of  the  Connecticut  State  Board  of  Examiners  of 
Embalmers,  who  conducts  business  in  our  town.  Shortly  after 
becoming  engaged  in  that  line,  I  came  into  possession  of  some 
standard  works  on  sanitation,  disinfection,  and  the  manu- 
facture of  embalming  fluids.  These  volumes  involved  more  or 
less  chemistry,  and  gradually  I  developed  a  strong  desire  to 
study  the  subject  in  detail.  As  I  had  much  time  to  myself,  I 
entered  the  Gilbert  School,  of  this  place,  a  school  of  high 
standing  among  institutions  of  the  State,  entrance  being  gained 
by  a  thorough  examination.  Along  with  the  regular  high  school 
studies,  I  spent  much  time  in  special  instruction  in  biology, 
physiology,  and  chemistry,  which  covered  lectures  and  laboratory 
work.  Along  these  lines  I  always  seemed  to  attain  excellent 
standing,  and  so  I  continued  through  three  years  of  Gilbert 
School  work. 

"Early  in  the  Spring  of  1913  I  decided  to  piursue  a  course 
in  pharmaceutical  chemistry  and  made  all  arrangements  to 
enter  college  last  September.  However,  I  was  disappointed  in 
this  case,  and  was  compelled  to  postpone  my  plans  for  one 
year. 

"My  attention  was  then  called  to  the  Era  Course  in  Phar- 
macy through  an  ad.  in  The  Pharmaceutical  Era,  handed  to 
me  by  a  pharmacist.  I  was  advised  to  enter  the  course,  and 
promptly  decided  to  do  so,  matriculating  last  September,  an 
event  that  I  have  never  regretted,  but  with  which  I  am  highly 
pleased.  I  do  not  believe,  however,  that  the  Era  Course  or 
any  other  course  will  benefit  one  who  merely  glances  at  the 
lectures  in  an  indifferent  manner,  but  if  anyone  will  study  the 
lectures  and  take  an  interest  in  them,  following  up  the  points 
not  clearly  understood,  that  person  will  gain  unlimited  knowl- 
edge. As  for  myself,  I  am  highly  pleased  and  cannot  praise 
the  Course  well  enough.  After  I  enrolled  I  was  fortunate 
enough  to  obtain  a  place  in  a  pharmacy,  where  I  might  gain 


practical  knowledge  together  with  the  lectures.  I  studied  each 
lecture  witli  enthusiasm,  and  believe  the  Era  Course  '  •  a 
medium  that  will  broaden  one's  mind  and  thought  along  phar- 
maceutical lines. 

"I  have  already  matriculated  in  the  department  of  pharma- 
ceutical chemistry  of  the  Medico-Chirurgical  College  of  Phila- 
delphia and  expect  to  begin  my  studies  there  in  September. 
My  greatest  ambition  is  to  some  day  be  graduated  from  the 
above  institution,  and  gain  knowledge  sufficient  to  hold  a 
position  in  some  laboratory  of  chemistry,  and  be  of  service  to 
mankind.  I  will  surely  inform  the  Era  Course  of  my  standing 
in  the  future,  and  think  that  through  it  I  have  built  a  strong 
platform,  upon  which  to  take  up  higher  studies." 


Useful  When  Preparing  for  Examination. 
"I   feel  that  I  have  been  greatly  benefited   by  pursuing  your 
Course,   and   I   think   it   is  a   good  thing  for  anyone   preparing 
for  an  examination  in  pharmacy." — Oliver  J.  Lawyer,  Phy- 
sician and  Surgeon,  Tribbey,  Okla. 


From  Soda  Clerk  to  Manager. 
"I  want  to  say  that  I  have  derived  a  world  of  good  from 
the  lectures  of  the  Er.\  Course  in  Pharmacy.  I  had  to  start 
work  when  I  was  14  years  old.  I  started  to  work  in  a  drug 
store  four  years  ago  as  soda  and  errand  boy.  I  studied  very 
hard,  as  I  could  not  afford  to  take  a  college  course.  I  worked 
in  a  drug  store  in  Denver  for  about  two  and  a  half  years,  and' 
am  at  present  manager  of  the  City  Drug  Store  of  Elbert, 
having  been  so  for  one  and  a  half  years.  I  took  up  the  Course 
after  I  took  this  position,  and  I  would  advise  anybody  who 
cares  to  better  his  standing  in  pharmacy  to  take  the  Era 
Course." — Chas.  E.  Wood,  Elbert,  Colo. 


Matriculation     Graduates  to  July  18,   1914.     Graduating 
Number.  Average. 

7555— Henry  G.  Becker,  Pekin,  111 94 

7972— Leslie  B.  Barrett,  Winsted,  Conn 99 

7975— Chas.  E.  Wood,  Elbert,  Col 89 

8017 — Arnold   M.   Siciliano,    Lynn,   Mass 97 

8171— Oliver  J.  Lawyer,  Tribbey,  Okla 96 


Sponges  Not  Dutiable  Unless  Chemically  Bleached. 

The  status  of  sponges  under  the  new  tariff  law  taken  directly 
from  the  sea  appears  to  be  settled  in  a  decision  handed  down 
on  July  9  by  the  Board  of  United  States  General  .Appraisers 
in  the  test  protest  case  of  Leousi,  Clortmey  &  Co.  of  this  city. 
The  sponges  in  question  were  taken  in  the  Mediterranean  Sea, 
and  on  arrival  here  were  returned  for  duty  by  the  Collector  at 
15  per  cent,  ad  valorem  as  bleached  or  advanced  under  Para- 
graph 68. 

The  importers,  through  counsel,  asserted  that  the  sponges  are 
not  bleached  or  advanced  by  chemical  process  and  should  be 
admitted  at  only  10  per  cent.  At  the  trial  Pantale  Vareles,  a 
sponge  diver,  testified  as  to  the  method  of  obtaining  the 
sponges,  and  described  their  treatment  on  board  the  vessels  after 
taking  them  from  the  water.  It  was  shown  that  the  treatment 
includes  the  stamping  of  the  feet  of  the  crew  on  the  sponges  to 
beat  out  the  animal  matter  and  thus  hasten  the  "death"  of  the 
sponges.  Such  chemical  treatment  as  is  given  is  for  the  obliter- 
ating of  the  coloring  of  the  root  so  as  to  make  the  sponge  more 
pleasing  to  the  eye,  as  well  as  salable.  The  board  held  that 
the  testimony  overwhelmingly  sustains  the  contention  that  the 
sponges  have  not  been  treated  in  a  manner  calling  for  the 
imposition  of  the  15  per  cent.  duty. 


Embarrassed  Wholesale  Firm  and  Creditors  Agree. 
Boston,  July  10. — The  H.  &  J.  Brewer  Co.,  wholesale  drug- 
gists of  Springfield,  Mass.,  has  had  its  agreement  with  its 
creditors  confirmed  by  Judge  James  M.  Morton,  Jr.,  of  the 
U.S.  District  Court.  The  offer,  which  has  been  accepted  by 
most  of  the  creditors  and  represented  about  $55,000  of  un- 
secured claims,  was  for  75  cents  on  the  dollar.  The  bank- 
ruptcy proceedings  have  been  arrested  and  the  title  remains 
with  the  company.  The  receiver  has  disposed  of  the  retail 
business,  including  the  store  in  Springfield  and  the  two  stores 
in  Waterbury,  Conn.  The  wholesale  business  will  be  con- 
tinued under  the  management  of  Edwin  O.  Hapgood,  president, 
and  Samuel  S.  Pease,  treasurer. 


ONTARIO 

COLLEGE  OF  ^HAPMAnv 


AN   ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBLICATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XLVII 


New  Yokk,  September,  1914 


No.  9 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era. 

rUBLISHED   ON  THE   FIRST  OF  EACH  MONTH. 

D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York 

Telephone,  7646  Barclay.  Cable  Address,  "Era,  New  York." 

SUBSCRIPTION    RATES: 
Single   Copies,   15  cents. 
Domestic    Rates    to    U.S.,    Cuba,    Hawaii,    Porto    Rico, 

the    Philippines    and    Mexico $1.00  a  year 

To    Canada,    postpaid 1.50  a  year 

To    Foreign  Countries   in   Postal   Union 2.00  a  year 

The  Era  Price  List  with  Subscription,  SOc.  a  Copy. 
PRICES   INCLUDE   POSTAGE   AND   PAYABLE   IN   ADVANCE. 
REMIT  by  P.O.   or  Express  Order  or  New  York  Draft  payable 
to  order  of  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    Add  10  cents  for  collection  charges 
if  you  send  local  check. 

Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  0.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas- 
urer, D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N.  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  Officers  is  No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

Entered  at  the  New  York  Posl-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1914,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &■  Co.    All  rights  reserved. 

Title  Registered  in  the  United  States  Patent  Office. 

Table  of  Contents. 


OPPORTUNITY   FOR  AMERICA. 


READING  SECTION. 

Editorial  and  Th.^rmaceutic-vl Pages  402-424 

Editorials    402-406 

Giving  Customers  What  They  Want 406 

Drug  and  Chemical  :Markets  Hardest  Hit  by  War..  407-410 

Making  the  Right  Use  of  Windows 410 

Tablet-Making  Twenty-Five   Years  Ago 410-411 

New  Remedies    411 

Papers    Presented    to    the    British    Pharmaceutical 

Conference    412-413 

Prominent  Pharmacists  Who  Greeted  A. Ph. A 413 

Business  Science   in  Pharmacy 414-415 

Selected  Formulas    416 

Foreign  Abstracts  417-418 

Question   Box    419-420 

Women  in  Pharmacy 421-422 

News  Sectiox   Pages  423-438 

Mostly  Personal    423-425 

Obituaries    425 

Associations  426-433 

Schools  and  Colleges 434-435 

Board  Examinations 43S-436 

Tr.M)e  Sectiox  Pages  437-448 

Price  Maintenance,  J.  W.  Morrisson 437-438 

Legal  Decisions 438-439 

Patents   and   Trade-marks 443-444 

Market  Reports    445-447 

Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 448 


Authentic  information  regarding  the  develop- 
ments in  the  European  war  is  at  present  too  meagre 
to  form  a  sound  basis  for  prediction,  either  as  to 
tlie  duration  or  outcome  of  the  struggle.  The  latest 
news,  though  censored  to  emasculation,  would  seem 
to  indicate  that  the  war  will  not  be  a  mere  60-  or 
90-day  campaign,  but  will  rather  be  a  long,  dra-ivn- 
out,  bitterly  contested  struggle  for  the  balance  of 
power  in  European  affairs.  And  while  we  .sympa- 
tliize  with  all  in  general  and  none  in  particular, 
while  we  deplore  the  carnage  and  ruin  that  are 
inevitable,  we  cannot  overlook  the  fact  that  the 
economic  situation  produced  by  the  war  affords  the 
United  States  the  greatest  opportunity  for  com- 
mercial advancement  and  prosperity  that  it  has 
had  in  this  generation. 

Those  who  have  decried  the  tariff  revision  of  the 
present  administration,  through  a  belief  that  a  high 
tariff  was  the  surest  protection  to  American  indus- 
tries, are  confronted  by  a  situation  that  the  highest 
tariff  could  not  have  as  effectually  produced — a 
situation  where  the  importation  of  practically  all 
European  products  is  prevented  by  the  circum- 
stances surrounding  the  present  hostilities.  Not 
only  that,  but  the  productiveness  of  all  Europe,  at 
least  so  far  as  manufactures  are  conceraed,  cannot 
but  suffer  a  setback  that  will  take  not  months,  but 
years  to  overcome. 

To  the  United  States,  then,  will  fall  the  task  of 
supplying  all  Europe  with  far  more  merchandise 
than  ever  before,  and  our  great  home  markets  must 
rely  almast  entirely  on  domestic  manufactures. 
This  will  inevitably  usher  in  one  of  the  greatest, 
if  not  the  greatest,  eras  of  prosperity  this  nation 
has  ever  enjoyed.  The  opportunity  for  advance- 
ment thus  offered  is  open  not  only  to  established 
trades  and  manufacturers,  but  should  be  the  in- 
centive for  the  establishment  of  many  lines  of  in- 
dustry that  hitherto  have  been  confined  almost 
entirely  to  Europe. 

The  drug  and  chemical  industries  furnish  a  re- 
markable example  of  what  might  be  done  along 
these  lines.  Eighty  per  cent,  of  the  aniline  dyes 
used  in  the  cotton,  linen,  and  woolen  industries  of 
America  comes  from  Germany.  The  dyes  are 
manufactured  from  coal-tar  by-products  of  the 
illuminating  gas  plants.  In  this  country  the  by- 
products of  our  gas  plants  are  practically  wasted. 


404 


THE    PIIARMACErriCAI,    ERA 


[September,  1914 


Is  there  anyone  so  ultra-Continental  in  thought  ;U5 
to  believi'  that  it  is  not  possible  for  Anierit'a  to 
furnish  from  lier  eoal-tar  by-produt-ts  enough  dye 
to  supply  domestic  manufacturers?  Can  we  not 
utilize  the  same  soureos  for  the  produetiou  of  ear- 
bolie  aeid.  and  the  host  of  other  drugs  of  similar 
origin,  and  thus  he  indepeiulent  of  Eui'opean  mar- 
kets to  an  appreeiable  extent '/ 

During  the  past  three  years  our  imports  of  potash 
anil  potash  s<dts  from  tierman>-  liave  ini-reased  from 
!}:7.tl(l(t.(H)0  to  over  .-iiKl.dlKMHH).  yet  we  have  suf- 
Heient  elay  and  feldspar  rock  in  America  to  manu- 
facture and  supply  the  entire  deuuuul  from  our 
soap,  glass,  fertilizer,  and  other  industries  using 
this  chemical.  These  are  but  two  of  scores  of  ex- 
amples that  might  be  cited  along  this  line.  The 
war.  deplorable  ami  terrifying  as  it  is.  ha.s  given  us 
this  op])ortunity  to  increase  the  economic  jiros- 
perity  of  America.  And  if  we  let  the  opportunity 
pass  by.  we  are  dcsen-ing  of  scant  sj'mpathy  when 
we  complain  of  the  business  depression,  real  or 
psychological,  which  occasionally  forces  its  unwel- 
come attentions  upon  us. 


WHERE   DRUGS  COME   FROM. 


Ix  following  the  history  of  the  present  European 
war  one  can  take  it  for  granted  that  the  geogra])hy 
(if  the  countries  in  the  contest  will  become  better 
known  to  the  average  citizen.  AVitli  the  Ivnowledge 
of  geography  there  follows  in  its  train  the  acquisi- 
tion of  certain  facts  which  deal  with  economics  in 
the  line  of  natural  and  manufactured  products, 
domestic  and  foreign  commerce,  individual  and 
national  wealth,  in  short,  all  of  the  factors  which 
have  a  bearing  upon  the  world  at  large,  and  more 
particularly,  in  the  relation  that  one  nation  stands 
in  tow;u-d  another. 

In  its  connection  with  the  drug  trade,  the  pres- 
ent seat  of  war  has  much  to  intci-est  the  student  of 
liharmacy.  The  southern  part  of  Belgium,  neai-ly 
the  whole  of  Germany,  and  many  parts  of  France 
ccmtain  the  richest  laud  in  the  world,  veritable 
gardens,  where  have  developed  for  ages  the  highest 
exemf)lification  of  the  agriculturist's  art.  From 
these  regions  have  come  many  of  the  plants  in- 
cluded in  the  materia  medica  and  po|)nlarIy  knowTi 
as  "botanical  drugs."  "War  waged  in  a  country 
where  everj'  foot  of  ground  is  tilled  with  the  high- 
est skill  will  mean  an  unusual  waste,  and  the  de- 
struction likely  to  be  wrought  will  involve  the  less 
for  many  years,  if  not  for  all  time,  of  the  products 
which  have  made  such  districts  famous.  Digitalis, 
belladonna,  buckthorn,  eolchicuin,  gentian,  dande- 
lion, valerian,  lavender,  ani.se.  coriander,  fennel, 
chamomile,  rose,  thyme,  arnica,  and  many  otlier 
drugs  might  be  named  as  either  originating  in 
Central  Europe  or  reaching  the  comm(;reial  world 
through  the  ports  of  the  ]Mediterranean  ba.sin. 
"When  these  facts  are  con.sidered  in  their  proper 
perspective,  a  fuller  realization  will  be  obtained  of 
what  the  great  contest  means  for  the  drug  trade. 

"We  are  .sure  that  the  average  pharmacist  will 
soon  know  more  of  drug  geography  than  he  ever 
did  before,  and  that  from  this  knowledge  he  will 
take  heart  and  be  ready  to  take  advantage  of  the 


new  opjtortunity  for  the  cultivation  of  medicinal 
l)lants  in  this  ct)untry.  Of  course,  it  will  take  years 
to  place  this  industry  upon  a.  |)aying  i)asis.  but 
witli  the  encouragemeni  dl'  tlic  Cnited  States 
Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  whicli  in  its  work  and 
investigations  has  made  great  systematic  advance 
in  studying  the.se  cnuditions.  substantial  results 
can  rapidly  be  accom|)lisbi'il. 


THE   WORK   OF   THE   N.A.R.D. 


TiiK  cxtcnilcd  rMinilicatiiins  of  the  drug  trade  are 
reriectcd  in  tlie  sei'ics  of  resolutions  e])itomizing  the 
work  of  the  .Xational  Retail  Druggists'  Association 
which  appear  in  oui'  news  culunuis  of  this  issue. 
The  recent  meeting  of  this  association  was  held  in 
I'biladelphia,  and  like  most  of  the  gatherings  in 
former  years,  it  was  well  attended  and  much  inter- 
est was  exhibited  by  the  delegates  present.  "While 
the  deliberations  were  lacking  in  some  of  the  orato- 
rical features  that  have  characterized  not  a  few  of 
the  meetings  in  the  past,  yet  there  was  displayed  a 
degree  of  earnestness  in  the  work  that  speaks  well 
for  the  future  of  the  association. 

As  a  whole,  however,  nnich  of  tlic  business  of  the 
association  consisted  in  affirming  or  reaffirming  the 
stand  taken  on  issues  of  which  the  delegates  were 
well  informed  and  upon  which  they  were  practically 
unanimous  in  opinion.  One  resolution  which 
elicited  considerable  discu.ssion  was  that  which 
stated  that  many  wholesale  dealers  and  manufac- 
turers were  deliberately  taking  advantage  of  the 
grave  i-onditions  which  confront  the  American  peo- 
ple on  account  of  the  European  war  and  were 
arbitrarily  and  unnecessarily  advancing  the  prices 
of  essential  medicinal  commodities.  This  .statement 
did  not  go  unchallenged,  however,  and  altlujugh  the 
resolution  was  finally  adopted,  one  delegate  was 
brave  enough  to  assert  that  the  substantial  whole- 
salers were  a.s  honest  as  the  retailers.  The  duty  of 
the  delegates  i)resenting  the  resolutitm  was  empha- 
sized by  Thomas  Stoddart.  of  Buffalo,  in  his  con- 
tention that  anyone  knowing  of  such  a  combine  to 
raise  prices  should  bring  the  facts  to  the  attention 
of  his  disti'ict  attorney. 

"We  have  yet  to  be  convinced  of  any  predeter- 
mined and  (lelil)erate  effoi-t  on  the  part  of  any 
manufacturer  or  wholesaler,  either  alone  or  in  com- 
bination with  others,  to  raise  arbitrarily  the  price  of 
drugs  and  medicines.  It  is  true  that  manufacturers 
and  .jobbers  have  gone  to  great  lengths  to  conserve 
the  supplies  and  to  distril)ute  them  as  widely  as 
possible  in  cases  of  actual  need,  but  as  yet  we  have 
no  knowledge  of  an  authentic  case  where  pi-ices 
have  been  arbitrarily  raised  other  than  for  the 
economic  reasons  of  supply  and  demand.  If  such 
a  combination  has  been  made  it  is  the  plain  duty 
of  those  who  have  the  information  to  make  it  pub- 
lic through  the  proper  officials. 

The  growth  of  the  association  is  reflected  in  the 
report  that  the  State  association  affiliation  has  been 
increased  from  33  to  35.  while  the  number  of  local 
associations  luis  increased  from  1.056  to  1.068.  a 
gain  of  12.  These  figures  are  not  phenomenal,  but 
they  show  a  healthy  activity  and  afford  considera- 
ble encouragement  for  the  active  workers.     To  the 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


405 


drag  trade  they  also  show  the  direction  for  better 
things,  a  deeper  interest,  a  closer  relationship,  a 
broader  and  more  comprehensive  brotherhood,  but 
best  ot  all,  a  united  eltort  on  the  part  of  the  retail 
trade  to  secure  tne  greatest  good  for  the  greatest 
jiumber. 


THE  SOUTH  AMERICAN  FIELD. 


As  soon  as  our  American  business  men  are  awake 
to  the  fact  that  their  foreign  competitors  are  largely 
being  put  out  of  business,  not  only  will  many  new 
lines  be  manufactured  here,  but  new  markets  sup- 
plied with  American  goods.  Among  the  latter,  none 
seem  to  offer  such  advantages  as  our  near  neigh- 
bors, the  South  American  republics. 

The  Bureau  of  Foreign  and  Domestic  Commerce 
■of  the  Department  of  Labor  has  been  collecting 
information  on  South  American  markets,  and  a 
great  amount  of  valuable  data  is  now  available  for 
ttiDsc  interested.  A  recent  Bulletin,  Xo.  85  of  the 
Sjjecial  Agents  Series,  takes  up  the  possibilities  in 
tile  lines  of  drugs,  patent  and  proprietary  medi- 
cines, surgical  instruments  and  dental  supplies, 
and  contains  a  wealth  of  detailed  information  of 
the  most  practical  nature  for  manufacturers  and 
shippers  who  contemplate  entering  the  South 
American  trade  in  these  products. 

The  annual  imports  of  drug  and  chemical  prod- 
ucts into  South  America  are  about  .$17,000,000,  of 
which  the  United  States  furnisli  about  10.5  per 
cent.  This  country  also  supjilies  35  per  cent,  of  the 
$6,000,000  worth  of  proprietary  remedies,  soaps, 
and  perfumes  imported  each  year.  In  the  drug 
and  chemical  lines  it  appears  that  trade  has  not 
been  so  keenly  sought  as  in  other  branches,  as  the 
United  States  sent  into  South  America,  in  1913, 
over  14.5  per  cent,  of  all  imports.  The  chief  com- 
petitore  in  the  drug  anil  chemical  business  are  of 
course  Germany,  England  and  Prance,  with  Ger- 
many far  in  the  lead  in  most  countries.  But  no 
prejudice  exists  against  American  goods,  and  re- 
ports seem  to  prove  that  the  chief  reason  why  our 
houses  have  not  captured  more  of  the  trade  below 
Panama  is  simply  because  they  have  not  wanted  it, 
or  have  not  been  willing  tn  make  the  concessions 
needed  to  win  it,  \vhich  have  been  granted  by  all 
European  competitors.  The  opportunities  for  busi- 
ness are  large.  Some  of  the  large.?t  drug  importing 
hoiLses  in  the  world  are  located  in  Buenos  Aires. 
In  Rio  Janeiro  there  are  more  than  400  retail  drug 
stores,  nearly  as  many  as  in  North  or  South  Dakota, 
South  Carolina  or  Oregon.  The  appearance  of 
American  package  goods  is  well  liked,  and  their 
quality  is  .satisfactory. 

There  have  been  some  obstacles  in  the  way  of 
increasing  business  in  South  America  wdiich  can- 
not be  laid  to  the  doors  of  the  American  business 
men.  Fir.st  of  all,  the  credit  and  banking  facilities 
have  been  poor.  Banks  in  those  countries  are 
mo.stly  run  on  Euroi)ean  capital,  and  exchange  is 
made  in  London,  Paris,  or  Berlin  funds.  Again, 
.  the  time  required  to  reach  the  South  American 
ports  from  New  York,  for  instance,  is  twice  as  long 
as  it  takes  to  travel  from  the  southern  part  of 
Europe.     But  it  is  practically  certain  that  in  the 


near  future  more  direct  steamship  lines,  with  im- 
proved service,  will  be  in  operation  between  this 
country  and  South  American  ports.  As  for  bank- 
ing requirements,  the  National  City  Bank  of  New 
York  is  awaiting  the  Government's  permission  to 
establish  two  branches,  one  in  Buenos  Aires  and 
another  in  Rio,  while  the  First  National  Bank  of 
Chicago  wishes  to  open  up  in  Lima,  Peru.  These 
banks  will  afford  commercial  service  to  prospective 
exporters,  and  will  also  adjust  misimdei'standings 
for  their  customers. 

Another  matter  which  has  stood  in  the  way  of 
a  greater  growth  in  American  exports  has  been  an 
unwillingness  on  the  part  of  some  American  manu- 
facturers to  cater  to  the  wishes  of  South  American 
customers.  They  ha\-e  not  seen  fit  to  make  the 
goods  wanted  in  the  sizes  desired  if  the.se  differed 
from  their  regular  lines,  and  have  objected  to 
orders  for  special  packages,  labels,  etc.  Another 
very  important  factor  is  the  long  credits  demanded 
by  customers  in  Latin  America,  which  often  amount 
to  six  or  eight  months,  while  the  American  exporter 
wants  his  money  in  60  or  90  days,  or  caish  on  bill 
of  lading.  Again,  shipping  cases  have  not  received 
proper  attention,  with  the  result  that  goods  have 
often  been  ruined  in  transport.  This  condition  can 
be  easily  corrected,  as  European  shippers  have  not 
allowed  their  customers  to  suffer  in  this  respect. 

There  is  every  indication  that  all  that  is  now 
needed  to  capture  a  large  part  of  the  rapidly  grow- 
ing South  American  <lrug  business  is  ordinary  horse 
sense,  a  proper  consideration  of  the  wishes  of  the 
prospective  customers,  without  wliich  no  large  busi- 
ness can  ever  be  built  up,  and  a  utilization  of  the 
great  mass  of  valuable  data  now  at  hand.  Business 
methods  in  South  America  are  different  from  those 
above  the  Isthmus,  but  it  will  be  strange  if  the 
United  States  cannot  adapt  itself  to  the  demands 
of  this  trade,  just  as  European  nations  have  done. 


THE  INTERESTS  INVOLVED. 


Nine  nations  are  now  engaged  in  the  greatest 
war  the  world  has  ever  seen.  From  every  field  of 
useful  endeavor  men  have  been  drawn,  and  their 
productive  capacities  changed  into  barbarous  de- 
structiveness.  Jlanufactures  and  transportation 
are  pressed  into  the  service  of  armies  and  navies, 
and  the  normal  increase  of  wealth  in  the  several 
countries  will,  for  a  time,  almost  cease.  It  is  inter- 
esting to  give  a  brief  svti'vey  of  the  magnitude  of 
the  national  wealth  possessed  by  a  few  of  the  larger 
countries  in  the  .struggle,  and  of  the  volume  of 
trade  between  each  of  them  and  the  United  States. 

No  very  recent  estimates  of  national  wealth  ;u'e 
available,  but  the  following  figures  are  sufficiently 
new  to  be  valuable  now. 

Estimated  Wealth  in 
Country  Billions  of  Dollars 

British    Empire    ( 1903) 108 

Germany    (1908)    •. 78 

France    (1908)    43 

United    States    ( 1904 ) 108 

In  foreign  trade,  the  Ignited  States  does  not  make 
such  a  showing,  on  account  of  the  enormous  de- 
mauds  of  our  domestic  markets.  Nevertheless,  this 
country  is  the  only  one  of  the  four  principal  maim- 


406 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[September,  1914 


facturing  countries  which  has  a  credit  balance  of 
trade,  due  chiefly  to  the  fact  that  we  feed  a  large 
part  of  the  world. 

Imports  in  Exports  in 

Country  Millions  of  Dols.  ilillions  of  Vols. 

United  Kingdom   3,741  3,089 

Germany    2.754  2,305 

France    1,588  1,296 

United  States   1,793  2,484 

The  total  commerce  of  the  world,  including  re- 
ports from  75  countries,  was  $40,000,000,000  in 
1913. 

Here  are  given  statistics  showing  the  amount  of 
our  foreign  trade  for  1913  with  six  of  the  nations 
now  at  war: 

Country  Exports  to  US.    Imports  from  US. 

.\ustria-Hungary    $19,000,000  $23,000,000 

Belgium    42,000,000  67,000,000 

France    136,800,000  146,000,000 

Germany    188,900,000  331,600,000 

Russia   in  Europe 27,000,000  25,400,000 

United  Kingdom    295,000,000  597,000,000 

The  combined  tonnage  of  vessels  entering  United 
States  ports  in  1913  was  37,565,000.  Of  this,  Eng- 
lish ships  carried  19,696.000  tons,  or  considerably 
more  than  half.  France,  Belgium  and  Russia  added 
a  tonnage  of  1,506,000,  while  Germany  and  Austria 
combined  could  claim  only  5,015,000  tons.  Thus 
the  total  amount  of  commercial  tonnage  bringing 
cargoes  to  our  ports,  and  sailing  under  the  colors 
of  the  Allies,  is  more  than  four  times  as  great  as 
that  of  Germany  and  Austria  together.  As  long  as 
Great  Britain  is  "mistress  of  the  seas,"  the  most 
powerful  factor  in  maintaining  oui-  foreign  com- 
merce will  be  active. 


apolis,  meeting  in  each   place  bankers,  merchants  and  manu- 
facturers. 

My  prediction  of  a  business  boom,  however,  is  founded  on 
something  more  than  the  general  feeling  which  I  saw  manifest. 


Wake   tJp   America. 

Instead  of  wasting  days  in  cautious  calculation  and  bootless 
argument,  why  doesn't  .American  industry  bestir  itself  and  go 
forth  to  meet  big  opportunity  in  a  big  way? 

Commercial  gentlemen  who  are  cautiously  drawing  into  their 
shells  and  storing  away  millions  of  dollars'  worth  of  goods  in 
warehouses  are  doing  nothing  for  the  nation. 

Manufacturers  cut  off  from  European  supplies  which  their 
own  workmen  could  be  taught  to  replace  are  not  serving  their 
country  by  closing  their  factories.  Why  don't  they  take  advan- 
tage of  the  most  e-Ytraordinary  protection  the  United  States 
ever  had  to  try  to  fill  and  hold  the  place  of  the  foreign  product? 

We  deeply  deplore  Europe's  misfortunes.  But  they  were  not 
of  our  making.  Whatever  their  causes,  they  lay  upon  this 
nation  a  positive  duty  to  jump  into  the  breach  made  by  in- 
calculable falling  off  of  Continental  industry  and  commerce. 
Surely  we  need  not  justify  ourselves  for  trying  to  save  the 
trade  of  the  world  from  stagnation.  If  we  profit  in  the  effort, 
so  much  the  better.     Why  be  afraid? 

Where  is  boasted  American  enterprise?  Has  it  been  lulled 
by  prosperity  and  pampered  by  tariffs  until  it  can  no  longer 
rouse  itself  when  a  great  chance  comes? — N.Y.  Evening  World. 


Business   Boom   in   U.S. 

Xow  is  our  chance  to  benefit  ourselves  by  helping  humanity, 
writes  Ebbert  Hubbard  in  the  New  York  American.  In  all  the 
history  of  the  United  States,  commercially,  we  never  had  the 
opportunity  that  we  have  today. 

Fate  has  eliminated  America's  commercial  competitors.  The 
world  is  ovirs. 

I  predict  that  for  the  next  two  years  we  will  see  a  business 
boom  in  the  United  States  the  equal  of  which  we  have  never 
before  known.  Everyone  will  make  money  who  works,  and  all 
may  partake  of  the  prosperity. 

In  the  past  two  weeks  I  have  spoken  at  Chautauquas  in 
five  different  States  in  the  Mississippi  Valley.  On  these  occa- 
sions I  have  met  a  great  many  farmers,  stock  raisers  and 
country  merchants.  I  have  also  recently  visited  the  cities  of 
Chicago,  St.  Louis,  New  York,  Denver,  St.  Paul  and  Minne- 


Giving  Customers  What  They  Want. 

By  H.  V.  BOLLES. 

President  of  the  Weathcrhead  Drug  Co.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
i^-fT^STABLISHED  in  1848,"  is  the  legend  which  is  borne 


'E' 


by  the  advertising  matter  and  stationery  of  the 
Weatherhead  Drus  Co.,  of  Cincinnati,  which,  in  fact, 
was  founded  at  that  rather  remote  date  by  Dr.  R.  H.  Weather- 
head,  who  is  still  interestcil  in  the  company.  It  is  now  actively 
handled,  however,  by  H.  U.  Bolles,  president  of  the  concern, 
who  keeps  the  two  stores  now  operated  by  the  company,  at 
Sixth  and  Virte  and  Sixth  and  Walnut  streets,  respectively, 
going  at  top  speed,  with  great  success. 

"Working  hard  and  keeping  at  it  all  the  time  are  two  of  the 
best  pointers  I  know  for  a  druggist  to  stick  to,"  smiled  Presi- 
dent Bolles.  "That's  the  way  I  handle  this  business,  and,  as 
far  as  I  am  able  to  judge  by  results,  it  seems  to  work.  Both 
of  our  stores — and  there's  another  one  coming,  by  the  way, 
in  a  very  short  time — are  right  in  the  middle  of  things,  and 
they  are  busy  all  the  time,  in  consequence;  and  the  new  one 
will  be  in  the  busy  district  as  well. 

"Of  course,  there  are  a  good  many  things  which  go  to  make 
for  success  in  the  drug  business  nowadays.  To  check  them 
off,  as  far  as  one  can  classify  them,  I  should  put  them  about 
in  this  order:  .Advertising,  location,  merchandise,  personnel. 
That  includes,  in  one  way  or  another,  about  every  factor  you 
can  consider  as  having  any  bearing  on  the  business,  or  any 
business,  from  any  standpoint.  Emphasis  may  be  placed  on 
any  one  or  more,  if  you  like ;  but  we  prefer  to  emphasize 
them  all. 

"By  our  advertising  we  keep  the  public  advised  of  what  we 
have  to  sell,  and  the  prices  at  which  we  desire  to  sell  it.  We 
advertise  regularly,  and  we  try  to  make  our  advertising  inter- 
esting. Moreover,  we  use  oiu:  windows  to  the  fullest — they're 
one  of  the  most  valuable  features  of  a  good  location.  For 
example,  our  safety-razor  blade-sharpening  business,  which  is 
made  conspicuous  by  keeping  a  machine  running  constantly  in 
the  window  of  each  store,  brings  in  aroimd  $15  a  day — which 
helps  some. 

"One  thing  which  I  think  has  gone  far  toward  making  the 
company  a  success  is  the  fact  that  my  unvarying  policy  has 
been  to  hire  good  men — and  girls — at  good  salaries.  If  a  man 
leaves  for  any  reason,  I  try  to  replace  him  with  a  better  one; 
and.  somehow,  I  generally  succeed.  All  of  our  employees  are 
impressed  with  the  idea  which  we  try  to  keep  uppermost  all 
the  time — that  of  serving  our  customers  to  the  best  possible 
advantage;   and  that  has  its  effect  on  our  business,  of  course. 

"As  may  be  gathered  from  this,  we  have  a  highly  efficient 
foice.  We  have  been  able  to  arouse  an  esprit  du  corps  which 
makes  everything  go  with  a  snap,  because  it  means  that  every- 
body is  interested  in  his  work,  and  does  all  in  his  power  to 
see  that  customers  are  well  handled.  It  is  as  if  every  employee 
were  a  partner  in  the  business.  A  man  works  about  twice  as 
well  when  he  has  that  spirit,  and  we  all  have  it  in  this 
company. 

"Departmentizing  the  business  helps  a  good  deal,  and  it  seems 
to  me  that  any  druggist  can  do  it  without  much  trouble,  even 
if  he  is  the  only  man  in  the  store.  In  our  case,  we  have  a 
man  to  take  care  of  each  line  of  goods,  although  there  is  also 
the  manager  for  each  store.  But  these  numerous  lines — cigars 
and  tobacco,  wines  and  liquors,  patents,  toilet  articles,  candies — 
are  all  kept  separate,  and  we  have  no  difficulty  in  watching 
them,  and  keeping  track  of  their  movement  and  the  way  profits 
are  going  on  them;   which   is  a  highly  important  thing  to  do. 

"Finally,  there  is  one  thing  which  I  think  deserves  mention, 
because,  like  most  other  merchandising  ideas,  it  can  be  applied 
by  any  member  of  the  trade,  .\round  our  stores,  and  on  nearly- 
all  of  OUT  placards  and  signs,  the  old-fashioned  suggestion, 
'If  you  don't  see  what  you  want,  ask  for  it.'  is  placed.  We 
mean  it,  too.  We  try  to  keep  evervthing  possible  in  stock,  but 
we  make  a  specialty  of  sending  for  goods  which  customers 
want  and  we  haven't  on  hand;  and  I  know  that  we  have  made 
many  friends  by  this,  as  well  as  by  the  other  progressive 
methods  I  have  indicated." 


September,  1914]  THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 

Drug  and  Chemical  Markets  Hardest  Hit  by  War. 


407 


A  survey  of  conditions  arising  from  the  European  struggle, 
compiled  from  numerous  interviews  with  members  of  New 
York  firms,  with  sKitements  from  several  of  the  larger  manu- 
facturers elsewhere. 


WITH  importations  entirely  cut  off,  German  cables  cut, 
Government  embargoes  placed  on  shipments  of  drugs 
and  chemicals  from  foreign  countries,  and  the  already 
low  stocks  rapidly  dwindling,  the  drug  trade  in  the  United 
States  faces  a  situation  which  is  not  only  without  a  parallel, 
but  which  may  cause  a  suspension  of  some  branches  of  the 
trade.  Temporary  though  this  suspension  might  be,  it  is 
almost  inevitable,  for  it  is  extremely  doubtful  whether  the 
machinery  for  the  transportation  and  distribution  of  foreign 
drugs  and  chemicals  can  be  reorganized  before  the  stocks  in 
this  country  are  exhausted.  Estimates  are  given  reluctantly  by 
most  dealers,  but  the  opinions  seem  to  indicate  that  some  lines 
are  already  depleted,  while  others  may  last  from  three  to  six 
months,  at  the  outside. 

The  declarations  of  war  in  Europe  came  at  a  time  which, 
judged  from  the  drug  dealer's  standpoint,  was  exactly  calculated 
to  play  greatest  havoc  in  the  trade.  A  prevailing  falling  mar- 
ket had  caused  importers  to  buy  in  small  quantities,  resulting 
in  unusually  low  stocks  in  many  Imes.  New  crops  of  drugs 
were  awaiting  harvest  when  the  call  to  the  front  removed 
thousands  of  men  from  the  fields.  Unless  these  crops  can  be 
gathered  by  the  workers  remaining,  and  by  the  women  and 
children,  there  is  not  the  least  doubt  that  the  drug  shortage  will 
extend  through  considerably  more  than  one  year.  And  not  only 
may  the  botanical  drugs  be  lost  through  failure  to  harvest  them 
at  the  proper  time,  but  the  contending  armies  themselves  may 
complete  the  work  of  destruction  in  their  manoeuvres  across 
territory  which  furnishes  a  considerable  proportion  of  certain 
staples.  To  give  only  one  instance,  the  ground  which  has 
been  the  scene  of  much  heavy  fighting  in  Belgium  is  the  dis- 
trict which  grows  large  amounts  of  Roman  chamomile. 

Shipping  facilities  are  still  very  meager.  The  German  ports 
will  not  permit  the  clearing  of  German  vessels,  on  account  of 
the  risk  of  capture,  and  English  vessels  can,  of  course,  not 
enter  German  ports  to  receive  cargoes.  Insurance  risks  are 
either  refused  or  taken  at  a  maximum  rate,  and  foreign  ex- 
change, which  for  a  time  was  impossible  to  obtain,  is  still 
quoted  at  far  above  the  normal  figures.  American  ships  which 
might  be  used  to  carry  supplies  across  the  Atlantic,  unfor- 
tunately are  not  to  be  had.  But  the  lack  of  a  merchant  marine 
of  this  country  must  not  be  blamed  for  the  cessation  of  im- 
ports, as  it  is  doubtful  whether  supplies  could  be  brought  in, 
even  if  a  merchant  navy  were  in  full  commission. 

Articles    Prohibited    from    Export. 

According  to  the  English  Chemist  and  Druggist,  Great 
Britain  has  prohibited  the  export,  among  other  articles,  of 
glycerin,  niter,  carbolic  acid,  alcohol,  iodides,  bromides, 
bismuth  and  salts,  chloroform,  cinchona  bark,  quinine 
and  salts,  coca  leaves  and  alkaloids  and  salts,  bella- 
donna and  preparations,  cresol  and  all  preparations  thereof, 
digitalis  and  its  preparations,  ether,  nux  vomica  and  its  prepa- 
rations, iodine  and  its  compounds,  mercury  and  its  salts  and 
preparations,  lysol,  morphine  and  other  opium  alkaloids,  opium, 
protargol,  salicylic  acid  and  salts,  and  all  fine  chemicals. 
Austria-Hungary  has  prohibited  the  exportation  of  sulphur, 
crude  and  refined  glycerin,  acetone,  picric  acid,  etc.  Belgium 
has  placed  an  embargo  on  several  lines,  which,  however,  do  not 
closely  affect  the  drug  business,  while,  as  might  have  been 
expected,  the  list  of  articles  whose  export  is  forbidden  by 
Germany  is  a  very  long  one,  and  includes,  to  give  only  a  few- 
items,  camphor,  potash  salts,  carbolic  acid,  benzene,  toluene, 
cresol,  barium  nitrate,  phosphorus,  mercury,  antimony,  surgical 
dressings,  iodides,  iodine,  iodoform,  chloroform,  antipyrin, 
pyramidon,  opium  and  derivatives,  paraformaldehyde,  quinine 
and  salts,  salvarsan,  bacteriological  apparatus,  vaccines  and 
serums,  and  tar  oils.  Potassium  nitrate  is  held  up  by  all 
nations  involved. 

S'nce  the  opening  of  hostilities  a  few  scattered  shipments 
have  come  in,  consisting  of  cargoes  already  afloat  when  war  was 
declared.  Since  their  arrival  no  foreign  drugs  from  Europe, 
Western  Asia,  or  Africa  have  arrived.  The  British  fleet  having 
now    opened    the    North    Atlantic    for    purposes    of    commerce. 


efforts  are  being  made  to  recommence  trade  in  British  ships 
through  some  of  the  neutral  ports,  such  as  Rotterdam,  the 
goods  being  brought  in  Dutch  bottoms  down  the  Rhine,  which 
flows  past  most  of  the  German  chemical  centers.  Such  a  move 
would  depend  for  its  success  on  whether  the  German  factories 
were  in  operation,  whether  they  were  engaged  in  making  lines 
which  were  not  to  be  turned  over  entirely  to  the  German 
Government,  and  whether  the  articles  wanted  were  prohibited 
from  export. 

Shipments  from  Eastern  Asia  and  Japan  continue  to  arrive, 
but  the  entry  of  the  latter  country  into  the  arena  has  affected 
the  credit  relations,  and  it  is  now  said  that  Japanese  firms  are 
asking  for  gold  payments.  Camphor  being  contraband  of  war, 
and  under  the  control  of  the  Japanese  government,  we  may 
e.xpect  to  see  it  held  closely,  if  the  exportation  is  not  cut  off 
altogether.  Unsettled  conditions  in  the  Mediterranean  have 
caused  a  blockade  of  shipping  in  the  Suez  Canal,  the  vessels 
bound  north  from  Asiatic  and  African  ports  not  caring  to  risk 
capture  after  leaving  Port  Said. 

Hamburg  and  London,  the  principal  drug  markets,  belong 
to  the  belligerent  nations,  and  the  same  is  true  of  Trieste. 

This  brief  survey  shows  the  difficulties  in  the  way  of  drugs 
reaching  the  United  States.  As  a  result,  prices  have  reached 
unheard  of  levels,  price  lists  have  been  withdrawn,  and  many 
contracts  have  been  broken.  All  quotations  now  are  merely 
nominal,  orders  are  being  refused  on  all  sides,  and  a  number 
of  manufacturing  plants  have  been  forced  to  lay  off  large 
numbers  of  men,  or  even  to  suspend  altogether.  Taken  all  in 
all,  it  may  well  be  doubted  if  any  other  line  of  business  has 
been  so  severely  struck  by  the  war  conditions  as  the  drug  and 
chemical  branches.  Dependent  as  this  country  is  on  Europe 
for  many  of  its  botanical  drugs,  fine  chemicals,  and  raw  mate- 
rials, the  cessation  of  commerce  across  the  Atlantic  means 
cutting  off  business  at  its  source. 

Shortage   Is    General. 

A  list  of  articles  in  which  a  shortage  exists  or  will  soon 
exist  would  include  nearly  all  chemicals  and  drug  products. 
The  stopping  of  shipments  from  Germany  cuts  oft  the  great 
bulk  of  the  synthetic  remedies,  as  well  as  coal  tar,  benzene, 
and  carbolic  acid,  which  are  needed  as  raw  materials  for  the 
American  works.  Tartrates  and  tartaric  acid  have  ceased  to 
arrive  from  France,  which  also  no  longer  sends  out  perfumers' 
materials  and  essential  oils.  Oxalic  acid,  potassium  salts, 
especially  the  nitrate,  iodine,  iodides  and  bromides,  opium 
alkaloids  and  their  synthetic  derivatives,  cocaine,  quinine  and 
salts,  mercurials,  ergot,  henbane,  valerian,  belladonna,  can- 
tharides,  digitalis,  licorice,  gentian,  oil  of  rose,  lavender,  stra- 
monium, althea,  spices,  gums,  nux  vomica,  citrus  oils  and  citric 
acid,  coconut  oil,  rhubarb,  anise,  myrrh,  aloes,  buchu,  saffron, 
senna,  are  all  affected.  Dyestuffs  from  Germany  are  said  to 
amount  to  only  60  days'  supply  in  this  country,  and  the  woolen 
and  cotton  manufacturers  are  at  present  absolutely  dependent 
upon  these  colors,  as  American  chemical  works  do  not  manu- 
facture them  in  anything  like  sufficient  qauntities.  Photo- 
graphic chemicals  are  very  short,  and  the  impossibility  of 
obtaining  supplies  of  the  indispensable  hydroquinone  has  forced 
several  of  the  moving-picture  concerns  to  close  their  developing 
rooms.  This  chemical  is  not  made  in  this  country,  as  American 
manufacturers  are  unable  to  compete  in  price  with  the  Ger- 
mans. Belgium,  the  principal  seat  of  hostilities  thus  far,  is 
also  the  great  rubber  market  of  the  world,  and  importations  of 
foreign  refined  rubber  are  seriously  interfered  with.  However, 
it  would  be  useless  to  attempt  to  enumerate  here  all  the  articles 
which  have  risen  in  price,  since  our  market  report  gives  full 
information  on  the  condition  of  the  drug  market  as  we  go  to 
press. 

Advances  Are  Not  Speculative. 

It  is  very  doubtful  whether  any  considerable  part  of  the 
rise  in  prices  can  be  justly  attributed  to  speculation.  Whole- 
salers and  importers  alike  are  endeavoring  to  protect  their 
regular  customers;  this  is  their  unanimous  affirmation.  In 
order  to  do  so,  they  have  been  forced  to  advance  quotations, 
where  any  are  possible,  in  order  to  drive  off  outsiders  who 
might  wish  to  take  advantage  of  conditions.  Isolated  instances 
of  large  lots  of  chemicals  and  drugs  which  are  being  held  for 
a  heavy  rise  are  said  to  have  come  to  light,  but  there  is  every 
reason  to  believe  that  the  unprecedented  prices  are  in  general 


408 


THE    PILVflMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[September,  1914 


legitimate  and  inevitable.  Stocks  on  hand  are  being  doled  out 
in  driblets,  pro  rata,  and  there  is  no  tendency  for  dealers  to 
lake  advantage  of  the  demand.  It  is  said  that  Western  houses 
are  of  the  opinion  that  much  of  the  Eastern  talk  about  the 
drug  and  chemical  shortage  is  not  altogether  trustworthy,  and 
there  is  a  strong  feeling  in  the  West  that  New  York  firms  are 
creating  an  atmosphere  which  will  be  favorable  to  themselves. 
Nothing  could  be  further  from  the  truth.  The  Eastern  houses 
realize,  one  and  all.  that  their  interests  and  those  of  their  regu- 
lar customers  are  inextricably  bound  up,  and  any  trickery, 
however  slight,  would  result  in  ultimate  loss.  If  some  of  the 
Western  dealers  had  been  privileged  to  listen,  as  the  Era 
representative  was,  to  many  telephone  conversations  between 
officials  of  importing  and  manufacturing  firms,  and  some  of 
their  best  and  oldest  customers,  they  would  have  been  con- 
vinced that  the  alleged  state  of  the  market  is  anything  but 
fictitious. 

Remedies  Proposed. 

"What  are  we  going  to  do  about  it?"  is  the  most  important 
question  at  present.  Many  remedies  have  been  proposed  to 
relieve  the  strain.  We  must  use  native  drugs;  we  must  use 
fewer  drugs,  and  in  smaller  quantities;  our  factories  must 
begin  to  manufacture  fine  chemicals  and  synthetics;  we  must — 
and  this  is  everywhere  declared  to  be  one  of  the  most  pressing 
needs — organize  a  merchant  marine ;  we  must  depend  on  those 
countries  whose   Transatlantic   commerce   is  not   affected. 

As  for  depending,  even  for  a  short  period,  on  native  drugs, 
this  is  considered  seriously  only  by  editorial  writers  in  the 
daily  papers.  .-Klthough  the  United  States  produces  a  number 
of  valuable  indigenous  drugs,  and  is  taking  the  lead  in  drug 
plant  cultivation,  there  is  not  a  sufficient  variety  of  native 
drugs  to  furnish  anything  like  an  adequate  supply.  In  the 
field  of  alkaloidal  plants  of  the  more  potent  kinds,  this  is 
especially  true.  For  many  years  we  shall  still  be  dependent 
on  all  parts  of  the  world  for  our  botanical  drugs  and  most  of 
their  active  principles. 

In  regard  to  the  use  of  fewer  drugs,  and  those  in  smaller 
quantities,  little  need  be  said  here.  In  the  first  place,  such  a 
suggestion  is  altogether  beside  the  mark,  as  even  if  the  con- 
sumption could  immediately  be  made  to  proceed  at  only  half  its 
present  rate,  the  day  of  famine  would  only  be  postponed,  and 
the  inevitable  condition  would  confront  us.  In  the  second 
place,  the  question  as  to  whether  fewer  drugs  shall  be  used  is 
not  in  the  hands  of  pharmacists,  but  rests  almost  entirely  with 
the  physicians,  and  for  this  reason  the  question  is  out  of  our 
province. 

The  American  Chemical  Industry. 

The  third  remedial  measure  proposed  opens  up  wide  pos- 
sibilities, and  at  present  conditions  are  too  unsettled  to  make 
possible  any  predictions  as  to  what  the  course  of  events  will 
be.  Nevertheless,  we  can  discuss  the  question  generally,  and 
see  the  causes  operating.  The  chemical  industry  of  the  United 
States  is  large,  but  by  no  means  to  be  compared  with  that  of 
several  European  countries,  as  England,  France  and  Germany. 
We  are  obliged  to  import  enormous  quantities  of  drugs  and 
chemicals  and  dyes,  amounting  in  1913  to  more  than  100 
million  dollars,  while  our  exports  were  only  a  little  more  than 
four  million.  The  raw  materials  come  mostly  from  Germany 
and  England,  which  send  us  the  bulk  of  the  carbolic  acid, 
coal-tar  oils,  and  hydrocarbons  from  which  much  of  the  or- 
ganic manufacturing  starts.  The  installation  of  increasing 
numbers  of  by-product  coke  ovens  in  this  country  is  enabling 
us  to  produce  ourselves  an  increasing  proportion  of  these  raw- 
materials,  but  at  present  the  cost  of  production  is  greater  than 
the  cost  of  the  same  materials  brought  in  from  abroad.  This 
is  due  largely  to  the  greater  cost  of  .American  labor,  hut  also 
to  greater  refinements  in  manufacture.  At  present,  the  supply 
of  raw  materials  of  domestic  manufacture,  not  considering  the 
question  of  price,  would  not  by  any  means  suffice  to  keep  our 
chemical  factories  going,  even  if  no  attempt  were  made  to  in- 
crease the  number  of  lines  produced.  With  normal  conditions 
existing  on  both  sides  of  the  .'\tlantic,  the  day  is  probably  far 
off  when  the  same  raw  products  can  be  produced  at  the  same 
cost  in  Europe  and  .\merica,  and  this  factor  must  always  be 
reckoned  with  in  estimating  the  probable  value  of  further  in- 
vestments  in   chemical   plants. 

Short-Time   Investments. 
.\nother  expedient  suggests  itself.     :Might  it  not  be  possible 
to  start  the  manufacture  of  large  lines  of  fine  and  bulk  chemi- 
cals  in   this   country,    and   put   them   on    the   market   at   prices 
■which  are    based   on    conditions   here,    assuring   to   the    manu- 


facturer a  just  profit  calculated  on  the  cost  of  domestic  raw 
materials  and  with  high-priced  labor?  This  question  is  easily 
answered  by  another :  Would  investors  be  justified  in  sinking 
large  amounts  of  capital  in  factories  which  would  almost  cer- 
tainly he  forced  after  three  years  at  the  latest,  to  compete  again 
with  the  much  cheaper  goods  of  Germany  and  England?  The 
outlook  is  bad  for  a  general  development  of  the  .■\merican 
chemical  industry  just  at  this  tinte.  If  it  comes,  it  will  not 
be  brought  about  by  conditions  arising  from  the  European  war, 
hut  will  ensue  in  the  orderly  evolution  of  .American  manu- 
lactures  in  general. 

The   Problem   of   Foreign   Patents. 

.\t  the  same  time,  a  large  number  oi  chemicals  and  synthetic 
remedies  can  be  made  in  this  country,  and  present  indications 
are  that  a  number  of  our  manufacturers  are  taking  steps  to  put 
out  many  new  lines.  .\t  this  juncture  they  are  confronted  by  a 
host  of  foreign  patents.  Is  this  country  to  be  deprived  of  the 
benefits  of  these  manufactured  drugs  because  of  patents  which 
it  has  itself  granted?  We  are  not  aware  of  the  status  of  an 
international  patent  as  affected  by  the  contingency  of  war,  but 
it  may  be  justly  maintained  that  our  Government  is  free  to 
act  in  any  manner  which  is  demanded  to  conserve  the  welfare 
of  its  citizens,  .\ctual  cancellation  of  the  patents  may  not  be 
necessary,  but  at  least  temporary  licenses  should  be  given  to 
allow  .-American  factories  to  use  the  processes  in  question. 
Other  contracts  are  rendered  void  by  war,  and  a  patent  is  in 
the  nature  of  a  contract,  by  which  a  national  government 
agrees  to  grant  the  patentee  the  exclusive  right  to  make  or  use 
his  invention  for  a  term  of  years.  But  in  view  of  this  contract, 
some  obligation  must  also  rest  on  the  patentee. 

With  the  difficulty  of  patents  settled  in  some  way  or  other, 
there  next  arises  the  question  of  technical  skill  and  equipment 
for  proper  manufacturing.  This  is  undoubtedly  possessed  by 
our  chemists  and  workmen,  at  least  in  embryo.  But  it  will 
certainly  require  some  years  before  the  enormous  handicap  of 
Germany's  long  traditions  and  extended  practice  w-ill  be  over- 
come. For  more  than  half  a  century  that  country  has  occupied 
a  most  prominent  part  in  the  chemical  manufactures  of  the 
world.  The  technical  organization  of  her  industries  is  con- 
ducted on  a  principle  entirely  different  from  that  in  vogue  in 
the  United  States;  indeed,  it  may  be  said  that  in  general  the 
German  plan  of  control  of  a  large  manufacturing  establish- 
ment by  the  technically  trained  men  is  abhorrent  to  .\merican 
manufacturers,  who  prefer  to  have  "business  men"  at  the  head. 
This  practice  has  contributed  largely  to  the  efficiency  and  suc- 
cess of  the  German  plants,  and  it  may  be  strongly  argued  that 
.American  capitalists  will  be  forced  to  adopt  the  same  methods. 

On  the  whole,  however,  we  may  expect  our  own  plants  to 
make  up  for  part  of  the  shortage  in  fine  chemicals  and  syn- 
thetics, without  bringing  about  a  great  swing  upward  in  the 
chemical  industry.  That  they  will  be  able  to  supply  the  entire 
lack  of  material  caused  by  the  war  is  scarcely  to  be  thought  of, 
patriotic  statements  in  the  lay  press  to  the  contrary  notwith- 
standing. Large  industries  cannot  be  built  up  overnight;  they 
cannot  even  be  built  up  in  the  period  probably  to  be  covered 
by  the  European  war  and  the  subsequent  era  of  readjustment ; 
and  lastly,  resumption  of  normal  production  abroad  will  again 
bring  into  the  home  market  the  full  supply  of  low-priced 
products. 

The  crying  necessity  for  a  merchant  marine  belonging  to 
this  country  is  a  matter  of  such  general  knowledge,  and  the 
steps  now  under  way  looking  toward  the  building  up  of  an 
adequate  mercantile  navy  are  being  so  widely  discussed  that 
nothing  more  need  be  said  here. 

Trade  Will  Soon  Be  Resumed. 

Trade  with  England,  in  all  probability,  \\ill  soon  go  on  as 
heretofore,  making  due  allowances  for  the  curtailment  of  manu- 
facture in  that  country.  But  in  view  of  the  long  list  of 
articles  prohibited  from  export,  no  great  relief  in  the  drug 
situation  need  be  looked  for  from  England.  English  ships, 
however,  carried  in  191.5  three  times  the  tonnage  of  all  vessels 
registered  as  German,  French,  .Austrian,  Russian  and  Belgian 
taken  together.  The  unrestricted  passage  of  English  vessels 
in  the  North  Atlantic  is  thus  the  greatest  factor  in  the  re- 
sumption of  trade.  Moreover,  the  recent  proclamation  of 
King  George  V  of  England,  prohibiting  trading  with  the  enemy, 
does  not  apply  to  branches  of  German  houses  located  in  other 
countries,  and  it  is  hoped  that  in  this  way  trade  may  be  car- 
ried on  to  some  extent.  Commerce  %vith  Spain,  Italy  and 
Portugal  will  probably  not  be  broken  up,   unless  these  nations 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


409 


are  also  drawn  into  the  widening  vortex  of  the  struggle.  The 
manager  of  the  largest  cork  manufacturing  concern  in  this 
country  believes  that  druggists  and  others  will  be  able  to  get 
all  the  corks  they  need  for  an  indefinite  time,  as  their  ship- 
ments are  not  interfered  with,  and  supply  sufficient  for  more 
than  a  year  is  in  hand.  With  the  opening  of  the  Panama 
Canal,  it  is  quite  possible  that  some  drugs  formerly  purchased 
from  European  markets  will  be  brought  directly  to  this  coun- 
try, placing  us  in  an   independent  position. 

Substitutes    Will    be    Found. 

Meanwhile,  the  druggist  has  it  in  his  own  hands  to  help 
himself  in  a  number  of  ways.  Intelligent  substitution,  of 
course  with  the  physician's  permission,  will  frequently  enable 
him  to  make  up  for  diminished  or  exhausted  stocks.  For 
instance,  sodium  salts  can. largely  be  used  for  the  now  unob- 
tainable potassium  salts.  Some  of  the  simpler  synthetics,  as 
acetanilide,  can  be  manufactured  "at  home,"  with  the  simplest 
apparatus,  and  at  fairly  low  cost.  Quinine  can  be  substituted, 
while  it  lasts,  for  some  of  the  artificial  antipyretics,  and  vice 
versa,   according   to   local  stocks. 

Conditions  are  extremely  serious,  there  is  no  denying  the  fact. 
But  the  market,  at  first  panicky,  has  now  assumed  a  steadier 
tone,  and  buying  movements  are  sane  and  what  might  be 
expected.  The  war  will  not  last  forever,  and  temporary  straits 
will  not  ruin  us.  Jlore  goods  of  every  sort  will  be  obtainable, 
sooner  or  later,  and  until  that  time  we  must  face  conditions 
with  a  strong  heart,  and  utilize  all  our  great  national  ingenuity 
to  cover  the  lack  of  materials.  This  is  a  time  when  the 
"substitutor,"  of  the  legitimate  variety,  is  the  man  of  the  hour, 
P.\RKE,  Davis  &  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich.: 

1.  From  present  indications,  it  would  seem  that  Germany 
and  Austria  will  be  the  last  to  export  shipments  of  their  mate- 
rial for  two  reasons:  First,  they  will  probably  want  to  retain 
for  their  own  consumption  all  raw  material  that  can  possibly 
be  put  to  home  use.  Second,  ii\  case  shipments  were  attempted 
by  them  and  the  allies  secure  control  of  the  seas  such  material 
would  be  in  danger  of  seizure.  For  this  reason  a  very  large 
quantity  of  crude  drugs  that  should  be  harvested  at  the  present 
time,  and  particularly  a  full  line  of  potash  chemicals,  will  be 
seriously  affected.  If  crude  drugs  are  not  collected  during  the 
present  season,  of  course  they  will  be  unattainable  for  at  least 
a  year,  and  many  of  the  important  drugs  of  our  materia  medica 
come  from  these  two  countries.  Relief  to  the  situation  is  the 
possible  early  resumption  of  shipments  from  England,  Spain, 
France,  .Switzerland,  Italy,  Russia  and  the  southern  European 
countries  not  affected  by  the  war.  With  the  opening  of  ship- 
ments from  these  points  a  considerable  line  of  crude  or  heavy 
and  fine  chemicals  may  be  available. 

2.  We  do  not  believe  that  American  manufacturers  are  in  - 
position  at  present  to  take  care  of  any  considerable  part  of  the 
fine  bulk  and  chemical  products  ordinarily  obtained  from 
Europe.  We  doubt  if  they  have  the  equipment  for  manufacture 
and  we  do  not  believe  they  can  obtain  raw  material  any  more 
rapidly  than  the  chemicals  themselves  could  be  imported,  and  in 
view  of  the  fact  that  practically  all  of  these  countries  have 
prohibited  the  exportation  of  material  of  this  description,  it 
does  not  look  very  bright  for  the  marketing  of  unlimited  sup- 
plies in  the  United  States. 

3.  We  are  under  the  impression  that  under  present  tariff 
arrangements,  the  restrictions  in  free  alcohol  use  as  compared 
with  other  countries,  and  the  exceedingly  high  cost  of  labor, 
investments  for  the  manufacture  of  this  line  are  not  justifiable. 
The  uncertainty  of  the  time  that  war  will  prevail  would 
scarcely  warrant  a  very  large  investment  in  consideration  of 
the  fact  that  at  the  close  of  tlie  war  the  cost  of  labor  in 
.America,  as  compared  with  its  cost  in  other  countries,  would 
prohibit,  in  our  opinion,  a  profitable  investment. 

4.  We  fancy  the  general  plan  with  manufacturers  will  be 
that  when  they  are  unable  to  procure  certain  drugs  they  will 
simply  "short"  them  on  their  orders.  We  are  not  looking  for 
any  general  failure  of  manufacturers  because  in  time  many 
.Vmerican  drugs  will  naturally  supplant  the  foreign  article  if 
the  latter  is  not  available. 

Wm.  S.  Merrell  Chemical  Co.,  Cincinnati,   Ohio: 

The  war  situation  in  Europe  emphasizes  the  opinion  ex- 
pressed with  increasing  frequency  in  tlie  past  that  the  time  has 
come  when  .American  manufacturers  should  perfect  their  ar- 
rangements for  crude  material,  controlled  in  a  large  measure, 
heretofore,  in  the  larger  trade  centers  of  Europe — to  the  end 
that   the   "splendid   isolation,"   so   called,   of   the   United   States, 


may  be  made  more  and  more  independent  under  circumstances 
of  which  the  present  conflict  is  a  striking  type.  We  apprehend 
that  in  the  beginning  competitive  efforts  in  this  country  may 
not  prove  altogether  satisfactory  in  the  direction  of  profit, 
but  we  will  never  be  able,  in  our  judgment,  to  open  up  the  larger 
markets  of  the  world,  until  we  have  made  it  possible  to  com- 
pete on  equal  terms  with  European  manufacturers.  Our  im- 
pression is  that  stocks  in  the  hands  of  jobbing  distributors 
are  not  as  large  in  variety  or  amount  as  would  be  desirable  to 
meet  the  conditions  with  which  they  are  confronted;  but  the 
financial  ability  of  the  drug  trade  generally  seems  to  be  un- 
affected, and  we  do  not  anticipate  an  unusual  number  of  com- 
mercial disasters,  growing  out  of  the  European  war.  The  dis- 
position on  the  part  of  .American  manufacturers  to  take  care 
of  their  contracts  and  divide  their  stock  resources  in  a  fair 
and  equitable  manner,  is  a  most  gratifying  incident  of  the 
present  situation. 

Finally,  a  strong  effort  should  now  be  made  to  thoroughly 
test  our  many  valuable  indigenous  drugs,  in  order  that  we  may 
not  be  so  dependent  on  the  synthetic  and  patented  products  of 
foreign  manufacture,  as  appears  to  be  the  situation  at  present. 
E.  FoucERA  &  Co.,  Inc.,  New   York: 

The  largest  importer  of  proprietaiy  preparations  for  the  drug 
trade  is  E.  Fougera  &  Co.,  of  New  York,  whose  business  is 
naturally  very  much  affected  by  the  war  in  Europe.  This 
company  imports  some  3500  different  articles  from  France  and 
England,  and  M.  M.  Sterling,  secretary  and  treasurer,  was 
asked  to  give  some  information  as  to  how  the  war  would  affect 
its  trade  and  how  it  would  be  able  to  take  care  of  its  cus- 
tomers.    Mr.  Sterling  stated  as  follows : 

"This  is  the  second  time  that  our  firm  has  had  to  face  a 
situation  which  was  the  outcome  of  a  war  between  France  and 
Germany.  However,  in  the  Franco-Prussian  War  of  1870, 
shipping  was  not  interfered  with.  In  fact,  the  rival  navies 
played  practically  no  part  in  the  war  engagements. 

".At  present  the  outlook  is  favorable,  for  the  ocean  is  being 
kept  clear  of  vessels  hostile  to  the  interests  of  France  and 
England,  but  it  remains  to  be  seen  how  soon  enough  ships 
will  be  put  into  commission  to  re-establish  dependable  service 
for  merchandise  freight.  Another  phase  of  the  situation  which 
our  private  advices  indicate  is,  that  the  working  forces  in  the 
factories  of  England  and  France  are  being  greatly  depleted. 
This  is  particularly  true  in  France  and  will  become  more  so 
should  this  most  regrettable  war  be  long  continued. 

".^s  to  our  ability  to  supply  our  .'\merican  trade:  One  of  our 
representatives  is  now  in  London  and  he  h.as  also  visited  Paris. 
Our  intention  is  to  keep  him  there  to  look  after  our  interests 
and  he  will  make  frequent  trips  between  the  two  cities  if 
transportation  facilities  will  permit.  Under  the  circumstances 
we  have  been  compelled  to  advance  the  prices  of  practically 
our  entire  list.  This  is  forced  upon  us  by  the  scarcity  of 
these  goods  and  the  general  advances  made  by  the  manufac- 
turers because  of  the  rise  in  raw  materials;  also  because  of 
advanced  shipping  and  insurance  rates  and  the  very  high  rate 
of  exchange   at   wdiich   foreign   invoices  must   be   liquidated. 

."We  are  cutting  all  orders  to  a  certain  ratio  and  if  our  cus- 
tomers wMU  limit  their  orders  to  their  immediate  needs  w-e 
expect  to  be  able  to  supply  the  demand,  if  the  war  is  not  too 
long  continued.  We  cannot  encourage  any  speculation  or  over- 
stocking in  the  foreign  goods  which  we  handle,  but  we  expect 
to  be  able  to  take  care  of  the  immed'ate  necessities  of  our  trpdo 
if  both  the  wholesalers  and  the  retailers  will  not  attempt  to  lay 
in  extra  stocks. 

"It  is  of  course  impossible  to  predict  how  soon  we  shall  be 
able  to  return  to  normal  prices.  It  is  more  than  probable  that 
the  higher  prices  on  these  imported  products  will  prevail  for 
quite  a  period,  even  it  the  war  should  end  shortly.  The 
enormous  war  taxes  which  these  countries  will  be  obliged  to 
meet  and  the  substantial  advance  in  the  prices  of  all  raw 
materials  are  sure  to  keep  the  finished  products  at  a  high  level 
for  quite  a  period." 
Frfdf.rick   Ste..\en's   S:   Co.,   Detroit,   Mich.: 

We  feel  quite  unable  to  satisfactorily  analyse  the  situation 
at  this  time.  However,  there  seems  to  be  a  shortage  already 
of  imported  drugs  and  chemicals.  To  offset  this  the  daily 
press  advises  that  shipments  from  England  of  crude  drugs,  oils, 
pig  tin  and  other  commodities  used  by  the  drug  trade  are  being 
resumed.  That  it  will  be  difficult,  if  not  impossible,  to  get 
certain  drugs  and  chemicals  produced  in  Europe  and  perhaps 
other  countries,   in   considerable  quantities,   seems  highly  prob- 


410 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[September,  1914 


able.  In  that  case  prices  are  bound  to  soar.  For  instance,  all 
of  the  carbolic  acid  used  is  imported  from  Germany  and  Eng- 
land. This  has  been  declared  contraband  of  war  and,  we 
understand,  cannot  be  purchased  now  at  any  price.  It  is 
quite  possible  that  other  similar  cases  will  develop  which  will 
cause  serious  embarrassment  to  some  manufacturers. 

The  fact  that  line  chemicals  have  been  imported  in  great 
quantities  would  rather  indicate  that  manufacturers  in  this 
country  are  not  in  a  position  to  supply  them  in  competition 
with  those  made  abroad.  Whetlier  or  not  they  are  in  a  posi- 
tion to  supply  them  at  all  remains  to  be  seen  in  the  near 
future.  Some  chemicals  for  whidi  tliere  is  a  large  demand 
are  now  made  in  this  country  on  a  very  large  scale  and  o* 
superior  quality.  There  is  a  question  among  manufacturers 
as  to  whether  it  would  be  profitable  to  establish  expensive 
plants  for  the  manufacture  of  chemicals  Uie  supply  of  which 
has  been  temporarily  cut  off.  If  the  war  should  last  but  a 
short  time,  competition  with  the  foreign  product  would  be  re- 
established to  the  very  possible  disadvantage  of  the  American 
producer. 

While  we  do  not  view  the  situation  with  alarm  as  yet,  the 
fact  cannot  be  denied  that  it  is  likely  to  prove  embarrassing. 
It  shows  that  we  are  quite  dependent  upon  Europe  for  certain 
supplies  that  we  should  manufacture  at  home. 

Make  the  Right  Use  of  Windows. 

By  H.  G.  SCHMtTELLING. 
Prosperous  Druggist  and  Active  Business  Man,  Cincinnati,  O. 

iiT  SUPPOSE  there  are  not  a  few  other  men  in  the  busi- 

I    ness  who  have  done   better   than  I   have.     But,   on   the 

"^  other   hand,   there  are   many   who  have   not   done   quite 

so  well,  perhaps,  especially  as  I  have  been  in  the  business  for 

only  six  years. 

"As  far  as  I  can  see.  it  seems  to  me 
that  success  in  the  drug  business  is 
largely  a  matter  of  personality,  as,  in 
fact,  success  in  most  lines  is.  I  believe 
it  was  Emerson,  or  some  equally  wise 
philosopher,  who  said  something  to  the 
effect  that  the  man  who  can  write  a 
better  book,  preach  a  better  sermon,  or 
make  a  better  mouse-trap  than  his  fel- 
lows can  make  his  home  in  the  wilder- 
ness, and  the  world  w-ill  make  a  beaten 
path  to  his  door. 

"Well,  that's  the  idea.  That  quota- 
tion has  always  impressed  me  as  con- 
taining a  world  of  truth,  although,  at 
that,  I  would  not  advise  any  druggist 
who  wants  to  handle  any  business  to 
place  his  shop  in  a  wilderness,  no  mat- 
ter how  competent  he  may  be.  The  point  is,  of  course,  that 
it  is  up  to  a  man  to  show  what  is  in  him  by  the  way  he  does 
business.  The  druggist,  or  any  other  man,  who  insists  that 
luck  has  been  against  him,  or  anything  of  that  sort,  is  merely 
confessmg  that  there  is  something  lacking  in  him;  because  in 
ninety-nine  cases  out  of  a  hundred  the  right  man  rises  above 
luck  and  circumstances,  and  makes  good  in  spite  of  them. 

"And  one  of  the  ways  of  making  good  in  the  drug  trade,  in 
my  opinion,  is  to  make  the  right  use  of  the  windows.  I  never 
place  drugs  in  my  windows,  for  one  thing,  for  a  very  obvious 
reason.  The  display  of  goods  is  for  the  purpose  of  inducing 
people  to  buy  them;  they  buy  medicines  not  by  reason  of  any 
inducement — you  couldn't  sell  a  well  man  a  bottle  of  tonic  in 
a  thousand  years — but  because  they  have  to  have  them.  And 
when  that  is  the  case,  they  will  come  in  and  ask  for  them. 

"Devote  your  w^indows,  therefore,  to  goods  that  people  may 
be  induced  to  buy — photographic  goods,  say,  or  stationery,  or 
cutlery,  or  toilet  goods — anything  but  drugs.  And,  another 
thing,  don't  have  things  too  cheap.  I  should  say  that  there  is 
more  danger  in  having  them  too  cheap,  within  certain  limits, 
than  of  having  them  too  high,  although  that  should  be  watched, 
too.  My  point  is  that  it  is  just  as  easy  to  sell  25-cent  goods 
as  15-cent  goods,  and  correspondingly  more  profitable. 

".After  all,  though,  the  druggist  must  be,  above  all,  a  com- 
plete man,  an  all-around  man,  in  order  to  grow.  He  must  be 
like  a  tree,  which,  without  roots,  bark,  trunk,  branches  and 
leaves  cannot   exist,   but   which,   complete,   grows   on   and    on." 


Tablet  Making  Twenty-five  Vears   Ago. 

By   DANIEL  M.   OBOSH,  Philadelphia. 


H.  G.  SCHMUELLINC 


TWENTY-FIVE  years  ago  the  tablet  business  was  prac- 
tically in  its  infancy  and  had  not  attained  its  prominence 
as  the  most  important  product  of  manufacturing  phar- 
macy. The  pill  was  at  its  height  of  popularity  and  appeared 
to  be  so  fnmly  established  as  a  medicinal  agent  that  it  seemed 
unlikely  that  this  time-honored  institution,  which  had  been 
one  of  the  stand-bys  of  the  medical  profession  for  centuries, 
would  be  challenged  and  finally  defeated  in  the  race  for 
supremacy.  At  this  period  the  number  of  tablets  on  the  market 
was  comparatively  small  and  but  few  had  yet  reached  the 
privilege  of  being  coated,  ihey  not  yet  having  been  adopted  by 
physicians  as  the  most  important  portion  of  their  dispensing 
equipment. 

Like  all  innovations  in  medicine,  the  adoption  of  the  tablet 
was  rather  slow.  The  pill  had  been  with  us  so  many,  many 
years  that  it  was  looked  upon  as  one  of  the  very  foundations 
of  pharmacy,  being  co-existent  with  the  science.  The  tablet 
possessed  many  advantages  which  soon  became  apparent,  such 
as  minimum  of  bulk,  quick  solubility  and  rapid  results.  Like- 
wise, many  combinations  could  be  had  in  tablet  form  that  were 
impracticable  otherwise  particularly  where  local  effect  was 
desired. 

In  the  early  days  the  great  importance  of  solubility  was 
underestimated,  and  this  essential  feature  seemed  to  be  the 
main  fact  upon  which  all  criticisms  or  condemnation  was 
based.  The  advantage  of  the  tablet  as  a  medicinal  product 
was  primarily  intended  to  be  in  the  feature  of  compressing  the 
medicament  without  the  usual  substances  used  in  the  pill  mass; 
to  compress  the  material  so  it  would  be  stable;  and  also  the 
possibility  of  compressing  soluble  and  crystalline  substances 
and  material  that  could  not  be  made  into  pills. 

It  was  not  until  the  necessity  of  producing  a  tablet  that 
would  disintegrate  rapidly  and  produce  the  same  results  as  the 
same  material  in  a  finely  powdered  form  was  recognized  and 
provided  for,  that  the  tablet  came  into  its  own.  The  term 
solubility  as  applied  to  tablets  outside  of  those  composed  of 
water-soluble  substances,  indicated  power  to  disintegrate  and 
liberate  in  a  finely  subdivided  state  the  ingredients  of  its  com- 
position and  the  degree  of  solubility  is  relative  to  or  influenced 
by  the  character  of  the  tablet  and  its  use. 

Many  condemnatory  articles  appeared  in  the  pharmaceutical 
and  medical  journals  and  much  criticism,  evidently  inspired, 
was  directed  against  the  compressed  tablet.  It  was  apparent 
that  the  tablet  had  come  to  stay  and  that  in  the  course  of  time 
might  even  supersede  the  pill.  The  pill  manufacturers,  who 
had  large  sums  invested  in  their  plant  and  business,  naturally 
flung  down  the  gage  of  battle  and  the  conflict  waxed  long  and 
strong. 

Any  failure  to  obtain  a  desired  result  brought  forth  an 
indiscriminate  tirade  against  tablet  medication  in  general. 
There  is  no  doubt  that  in  the  early  days  the  tablet  was  open 
to  criticism,  as  is  every  other  product  during  its  development. 
The  tablets  were  first  made  along  the  same  general  lines  as 
pills  and  naturally  were  at  a  disadvantage  when  compared  with 
powders  when  prompt  action  was  desired,  just  the  same  as 
pills  were. 

In  the  early  nineties  of  the  past  century,  the  writer  had  his 
introduction  to  this  branch  of  manufacturing  pharmacy.  A 
retrospection  of  conditions  as  they  existed  in  the  laboratory 
at  that  period,  brings  up  many  interesting  facts  and  incidents 
and  serves  to  emphasize  the  remarkable  progress  made,  not 
only  in  this  branch  but  the  entire  profession  of  pharmaceutical 
production.  The  mechanical  development  in  particular  of  this 
branch  seems  to  have  influenced  the  whole  profession  and 
transformed  it  into  an  industry  of  remarkable  proportions  and 
magnitude.  Indeed,  the  rapid  advance  seems  to  date  from  the 
time  the  tablet  began  to  take  its  place  in  the  medical  arma- 
mentarium. 

The  compressing  machines  used  at  that  time  were  crude  and 
unwieldy  as  compared  with  the  ingenious  pieces  of  machinery 
now  in  use.  They  were  cumbersome  and  heavy  enough  to 
punch  half-inch  iron,  and  were  a  mass  of  springs  of  various 
shapes  and  utility.  The  presses  intended  for  compressing  the 
larger-sized  tablets  contained  enough  metal  to  build  a  brick- 
making  machine.  The  makes  mostly  in  use  at  that  time  w-ere 
Mulford's   Crown,   the  McFerran  and   the   Shoemaker.     These 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


411 


have  all  been  superseded  by  new  makes  and  designs  to  meet 
the  demands  of  today.  Several  of  the  larger  pharmaceutical 
manufacturers  designed  and  built  machines  for  their  own  use 
exclusively  which  were  not  placed  on  the  market. 

The  manufacture  of  pharmaceutical  machinery  was  not 
then  the  highly  specialized  business  it  is  today,  such  mechanical 
appliances  as  were  in  use  being  built  by  general  machinists. 
Indeed,  there  was  little  machinery  in  use  at  that  period,  most 
everj'thing  being  done  by  manual  labor.  Today  the  use  of 
automatic  machines  has  replaced  the  human  element  to  a 
large  extent  in  modern  laboratory  operations. 

It  was  not  until  the  invention  and  introduction  of  the  rotary 
tablet  press  that  any  radical  departure  was  made  from  the 
plunger-type  machine.  In  fact,  this  type  press  still  remains 
the  choice  of  many  operators.  With  the  improvements  of 
multiple  punches  and  the  elimination  of  the  many  springs,  the 
rubber  feed  tubes  and  a  general  refining  of  the  construction, 
the  general  design  remains  the  same  as  25  years  ago.  The 
invention  of  the  automatic  pill  plant  and  the  vacuum  gelatine 
coater  enabled  the  pill  to  hold  its  own  for  a  considerable  length 
of  time,  and  without  these  two  inventions  it  would  have  been 
completely  ousted  years  ago,  as  these  improvements  enabled  it 
to  compete  by  reason  of  cheap  production. 

Tablets,  at  that  period,  sold  at  a  much  higher  price  than  at 
present,  and  several  firms  had  practically  the  whole  business 
in  their  own  hands.  It  was  soon  found,  however,  that  other 
firms  could  produce  equally  good  products  at  a  much  lower 
price,  and  before  some  firms  recognized  this  fact  and  changed 
their  factory  operations,  they  lost  considerable  business. 

Workers  in  the  laboratory  in  those  days  had  to  have  the 
muscles  of  a  stevedore  and  the  physique  of  a  prize  fighter  to  do 
the  work  connected  with  tablet  making.  Most  of  the  laborious 
operations  are  now  replaced  by  machines.  There  are  devices 
for  almost  every  kind  of  granulating,  mixing,  mass-moistening, 
wet  and  dry  masticating;  mills  of  all  kinds  for  grinding; 
machine  triturators,  power  sifters  and  even  apparatus  for 
counting  and  bottling  tablets. 

There  are  very  few  operations  now  conducted  manually. 
The  vacuum  dryers  now  dry  out  granulations  without  regard 
to  climatic  conditions  and  possibility  of  damage.  In  the  early 
days  drying  was  always  a  source  of  anxiety  with  tablets  con- 
taining extracts;  they  were  apt  to  show  up  mottled  or  spotted 
and  granulations  containing  sugar  or  white  goods  would  dis- 
color, while  volatile  substances  would  be  evaporated  on  account 
of  prolonged  or  over-heating. 

In  those  days  we  had  not  the  vacuum-made  concentrations 
used  exclusively  today,  and  our  extracts  were  of  all  degrees  of 
strength  and  efficiency.  The  only  thing  certain  about  them 
was  their  uncertainty.  If  they  were  all  right  in  strength,  it 
was  at  the  expense  of  color  and  appearance ;  no  two  lots  of 
an  extract  were  alike  in  color  and  it  is  quite  certain  that 
between  the  two  processes  of  making  the  extract  and  making 
the  tablets,  the  volatile  constituents  were  lost  in  the  shuffle. 

About  this  time  the  effervescent  lithia  tablet  made  its  advent 
and  we  of  the  guild  had  our  own  troubles  in  perfecting  a 
tablet  to  meet  the  requirements.  Every  tablet  maker  had  his 
own  pet  processes  and  his  own  peculiar  methods  of  manipu- 
lating, and  the  various  formulas  for  excipients,  diluents,  dis- 
integrators, lubricants,  etc.,  were  diversive  to  the  extreme. 
As  may  be  expected,  many  new  ideas  and  methods  of  granu- 
lating were  expounded  and  given  considerable  prominence. 
One  in  particular  suggested  the  use  of  emulsion  of  theobroma 
for  granulating.  The  formula  looked  very  nice  in  print  and 
sounded  nice  in  theory,  but  like  many  other  experimental 
processes,  was  totally  unsuited  and  worse  than  useless  when 
applied  practically  and  commercially. 

The  same  condition  applied  to  other  formulas  for  excipients 
fcr  granulating;  many  wonderful  concoctions  containing  almost 
everything  under  the  sun  in  the  nature  of  a  cohesive  and 
adhesive — glue,  glucose,  caseine,  shellac,  Venice  turpentine — all 
of  which  went  the  voyage  to  the  discard.  Because  a  starch 
paste  gave  good  results  in  certain  granulations,  some  makers 
used  it  for  everything,  with  the  result  that  press  operators  were 
almost  driven  frantic  by  mushy  granulations  that  would  not 
feed  or  compress. 

For  disintegrators,  some  wizard-like  combinations  of  lycopo- 
dium,  dextrin,  corn,  potato  and  rice  starches,  arrowroot,  salep 
and  what  not,  were  advocated  by  certain  experimenters.  As 
previously  stated,  every  maker  has  his  own  methods  of  working 


and  manipulating  and  to  produce  satisfactory  work  depends 
not  so  much  on  what  is  used  as  how  it  is  used. 

For  my  own  part,  in  the  quarter  century  spent  at  tablet 
making,  for  general  use  I  have  found  nothing  better  than  the 
simple  substances  used  in  the  early  days.  No  combination  or 
mixture  has  given  as  satis!'actory  resuhs  for  disintegrating  as 
a  high-grade  Irish  potato  starch.  For  some  years  much  trouble 
was  experienced  in  compressing  sodium  salicylate  on  account  of 
its  sticky  nature  preventing  a  smooth  and  finished  tablet. 
Many  experts  presented  formulas  containing  glue,  syrup,  ad- 
hesives  and  solutions  of  various  kinds,  but  the  simple  fact 
that  remedied  the  trouble  was  not  discovered  for  some  time. 
This  consisted  in  sifting  out  the  fine  powder  from  the  granules 
after  grinding. 

When  a  single  substance  is  used  for  a  certain  purpose  as, 
for  instance,  starch  for  a  disintegrator,  if  any  trouble  occurs, 
one  knows  where  to  look  for  it  and  how  to  remedy  it,  but 
where  a  combination  or  mixture  of  various  ingredients  is  used 
any  one  may  be  tlie  trouble  maker  and  must  be  found  by  an 
elimination  process.  I  think  all  experienced  makers  will  agree 
with  me  on  the  point  that  the  best  results  are  achieved,  not 
so  much  by  the  materials  used,  as  the  experience  and  knowl- 
edge of  the  art — about  equal  parts  inspiration  and  perspiration. 

In  the  span  of  my  life  I  have  witnessed  the  birth,  infancy, 
adolescence  and  maturity  of  the  tablet.  I  have  seen  it  grow 
from  an  experiment  to  an  industry  universal  in  extent,  em- 
ploying many  people  and  involving  great  sums  of  money.  The 
tablet  was  with  Peary  at  the  North  Pole  and  Amundsen  at  the 
South  Pole ;  with  Stanley  in  Africa  and  Roosevelt  in  South 
America.  W'herever  civilization  makes  a  stand,  the  tablet  is 
with  the  pioneers.  It  is  in  the  kit  of  the  explorer  and  with 
our  army  and  navy  on  land  and  sea.  Wherever  the  white 
man's  burden  has  been  taken  up,  the  tablet  is  with  him  on  the 
march  even  though  hunger  and  weakness  force  him  to  cast 
away  valuables  and  equipment. 

From  the  Steppes  of  Siberia  to  the  jungles  of  Africa,  in 
every  village  and  city,  metropolis  and  mining  camp,  the  little 
disc  is  omnipresent.  To  the  Indian  it  is  "Big  Medicine,"  to 
the  Congo  savage  it  is  "Ju-ju-chop."  Truly,  the  romancer 
could  find  inspiration  for  a  "best  seller"  in  the  wonderful 
unwritten   history   of  the   tablet. 


New  Remedies 


Eivpyrol  is  a  colloidal  solution  of  tar.  with  50  per  cent,  of 
oil  of  cade. 

Fandorine  tablets  contain  extracts  of  dried  ovaries,  lacteal 
glands,  anemone,  piscidia  and  viburnum.  Used  in  menstrual 
disturbances. 

Gonoktein,  formerly  called  Gonotod,  contains  the  extracts  of 
uva  ursi,  Rheum  palmatum,  Erythraea  centaureum,  and  Meny- 
anthes  trifoliata,  kava  resin,  bismuth  subnitrate  and  oil  of 
juniper. 

Ilun  is  the  trade  name  of  a  very  pure  creatinin,  used  in 
testing  the  activity  of  the  kidneys. 

Copper-Glycocoll  is  used  for  chancre,  as  follows;  100  parts 
of  1  or  2  per  cent.  copper-clycocoU  solution,  3  parts  of  traga- 
canth,  5  parts  of  alcohol;  copper-glycocoll,  1  or  2  parts,  water 
10  parts,  glycerol,  40  parts,  kaolin,  50  parts;  copper-glycocoll, 
1   or  2  parts,   water   10  parts,  glycerol  ointment  90  parts. 

Thiorubrol  is  an  organic  colloid  containing  sulphur,  which 
produces  odorless  sulphur  baths. 

Syrup  of  Mullein. 

Flowers  and  leaves  of  mullein 5  ounces 

White   sugar    2  pounds 

Whites  of  egg 2 

Orange-flower  water    2  fl.  ounces 

Coloring  (vegetable),  if  desired. 

Boiling  water   1  quart 

Pour  the  boiling  water  on  the  flowers  and  leaves,  and  allow 
to  macerate  upon  a  water  bath  for  six  hours.  Express  the 
fluid  and  allow  to  cool.  Add  the  sugar  and,  when  dissolved, 
the  whites  of  egg,  well  beaten.  Heat  to  the  boiling  point,  and 
keep  boiling  briskly  for  five  or  six  minutes,  then  filter  through 
a  flannel  bag,  with  a  sprinkle  of  animal  charcoal.  When  cool, 
add  the  orange-flower  water  and  any  coloring  matter. 


412 


THE    PTIARMACErTTCAL    ERA 


[September,  1014 


Abstracts  of  Papers  Presented  to  the  British  Pharmaceutical  Conference. 

(By  the  Era's  London   Correspondent.) 


L.    H.    F.\KR. 


THE  51st  annual  meeting  of  the  British  Pharmaceutical 
I'onfercnce  was  held  at  Chester,  from  July  20  to  July  24, 
under  the  presidency  of  E.  H.  Farr.  The  number  and 
luality  of  the  papers  were  quite  up  to  the  average,  and  as  the 
years  go  by  there  is  no  sign  of  any  weakening  in  the  usefulness 
of  this  old-established  organization.  There  was  a  large  attend- 
ance and  the  papers  and  discussions  were  of  a  useful  and 
practical  character. 

Presidential  Address. 
President  E.  H.  Karr  devoted  his  presidential  address  to  an 
■  xplanation  of  recent  work  on  plant  products.  During  the 
past  15  years  a  great  amount  of  attention  has  been  devoted  to 
the  study  of  the  chemistry  of  plants  and 
their  products,  and  a  great  advance  has 
been  made  in  the  direction  of  establish- 
ing the  relationship  existing  between 
allied  substances  found  in  the  same  or 
different  plants,  ascertaining  their 
chemical  constitution  and  decomposition 
products,  and  thus  making  practicable 
a  considerable  degree  of  classification, 
depending  on  the  presence  of  definite 
chemical  groupings  common  to  the  mem- 
bers of  certain  classes.  The  physical 
constants  and  general  reactions  of  an 
enormous  number  of  compounds  have 
been  recorded,  and  the  existence  of  these 
records  very  considerably  facilitates  the 
work  of  identification  of  the  ultimate 
products  of  plant  analysis.  The  presi- 
dent drew  attention   to  the 

Stabilization  of  Drugs. 
That  is,  the  rendering  permanent  of  the  easily  decomposed 
natural  combinations  in  which  the  active  constituents  of  plants 
occur  by  the  destruction  of  the  ferments  which  cause  deteriora- 
tion. This  process,  in  Mr.  Farr's  view,  will  become  an  im- 
portant phase  in  the  pharmaceutical  practice  of  the  future; 
but  seeing  that  our  drugs  have  gained  their  repute  on  the 
strength  of  non-stabilized  material,  it  behooves  us.  he  thought, 
not  to  be  too  hasty  in  altering  the  whole  of  our  methods;  and 
in  any  steps  to  be  taken  the  medical  profession  should,  he 
suggests,  be  called  on  to  co-operate  by  submitting  the  products 
to  pharmacological  test  and  to  clinical  practice.  At  the  present 
time  Mr.  Farr_  thinks  we  might  with  advantage  proceed  to 
stabilize  our  liquid  extracts  and  concentrated  infusions,  the 
proportion  of  alcohol  in  most  of  these  preparations  being 
too  low  to  stop  the  action  of  any  enzyme  present.  In  con- 
clusion. President  Farr  made  a  suggestion  with  reference  to  the 
production  of  the 

British  Pharmacopoeia. 

Under  existing  conditions  the  Pharmacopoeia  is  produced 
and  revised  by  the  General  Medical  Council,  and  although  the 
bulk  of  the  practical  work  connected  with  the  revision  is  done 
by  pharmacists  who  are  members  of  the  Pharmaceutical  Society 
and  of  the  British  Pharmaceutical  Conference,  neither  the 
society  nor  the  conference  receives  any  statutory  acknowledge- 
ment for  this  work.  Pharmacists,  however,  have  declared  their 
intention  to  refuse  to  co-operate  in  the  revision  of  any  future 
edition  unless  their  assistance  is  adequately  recognized,  and 
consequently   something   like   a   deadlock   has   been   reached. 

Mr.  Farr  suggested  that  a  Pharmacopoeia!  committee,  rep- 
resenting both  doctors  and  chemists,  should  be  appointed,  and 
that  the  funds  proceeding  from  the  sale  of  the  Pharmacopoeia 
should  be  devoted  exclusively  to  defraying  the  expenses  con- 
nected with  its  production,  including  the  scientific  investiga- 
tions required   in  that  connection. 

The  following  are  brief  abstracts  of  some  of  the  more  im- 
portant papers : 

Incompatibility  of  Strychnine  and  Nux  Vomica. 

This  paper,  by  H.  Finnemore  and  E.  Williamson  was  of  no 
little  usefulness  to  prescribers  and  dispensers.  \'ery  few  sys- 
tematic experiments  have  been  recorded  respecting  the  limits 
in  which  strychnine  may  be  dispensed  with  alkaline  sub- 
stances without  precipitation,  and  the  series  of  investigations 
ccnductcd  by  the  authors  shows  that,  speaking  generally,  there 


is  a  great  difference  between  the  amount  of  strychnine  hydro- 
chloride that  can  be  ailministered  with  alkalies  when  in 
solution  in  water  and  when  in  the  form  of  the  tincture  or  the 
liquid  extract  of  nux  vomica.  In  the  first  case,  sliould  crys- 
tallization occur,  the  alkaloid  is  deposited  in  well-defined 
crystals,  which  are  in  some  cases  fairly  large,  while  with  nux 
vomica  preparations,  although  there  is  often  a  deposit,  this  is 
usually  amorphous  and  does  not  appear  to  be  alkaloidal. 
Of  these  two  the  tincture  would  appear  to  be  the  safer, 
because  the  alcohol  in  tin  latter  retards  crystallization.  The 
most  striking  feature  of  ihe  experiments  is  the  difference  in 
the  behavior  towards  alkalies  and  strychnine  in  the  form  of  the 
solution  and  that  existing  in  its  natural  state  in  admixture  or 
combination  with  those  other  ingredients  of  nux  vomica  seeds 
which  are  extracted  with  alcohol.  It  appears  that  whereas 
strychnine  and  alkalies  or  iodides  may  become  dangerous  under 
varied  and  indeterminate  conditions,  when  the  drug  is  given  in 
the  form  of  the  tincture  or  liquid  extract  no  precipitation 
occurs  and  no  danger  need  be  apprehende<l  i:)rovided  the  con- 
centration is  not  greater  than  that  found  under  normal  condi- 
tions of  prescribing  and  dosage.  From  which  it  may  be  con- 
cluded that  when  it  is  desired  to  administer  strychnine  in 
combination  with  alkaline  substances  it  is  preferable  to  ad- 
minister the  strychnine  in  the  form  of  tincture  of  nux  vomica. 
Anesthetic    Ether    of    Commerce. 

A  communication  by  H.  Finnemore  dealt  with  a  subject 
which  has  an  important  bearing  in  hospital  economics.  The 
ether  of  the  Pharmacopoeia  is  prepared  from  rectified  spirit, 
but  an  inquiry  by  the  author  showed  that  without  exception 
all  the  large  hospitals  in  London  use  ether  made  from  indus- 
trial methylated  spirit,  which  is  about  a  quarter  the  price  of 
that  made  from  rectified  spirit.  It  was  also  found  that  the 
higher-priced  ether  is  used  only  in  very  small  hospitals,  or  in 
special  hospitals  where  very  few  operations  are  performed, 
and  that  the  custom  of  anesthetists  in  their  private  practice  is 
to  use  methylated  ether.  Mr.  Finnemore  undertook  an  ex- 
amination of  the  products  of  practically  all  the  British  makers 
with  a  view  to  ascertaining  definitely  whether  the  use  of  the 
cheaper  article  is  justified.  The  results  of  his  experiments 
show  that  in  the  main  the  samples  of  methylated  ether  reached 
a  very  fair  average  of  purity,  and  there  appears  to  be  no 
reason   why   its  use  should  not   be  continued. 

Composition    of   Decolorized    Tincture    of    Iodine. 

Hitherto  the  exact  composition  of  this  tincture  has  been 
uncertain.  The  authors  of  the  1884  "Companion  to  the  United 
States  Pharmacopoeia"  mention  that  nitrogen  iodide  is  liable 
to  be  formed,  and  that  it  contains  "ethyl  iodide,  ammonium 
iodide,  etc."  Remington's  "Dispensatory''  ascribes  to  it  the 
composition,  "A  hydro-alcoholic  solution  of  potassium  and 
ammonium  iodides,  with  more  or  less  ammonia  and  a  trace 
of  iodoform,"  and  states  that  nitrogen  iodide  is  said  to  be 
formed.  The  "National  Standard  Dispensatory"  of  the  U.S.A. 
states  that  it  is  of  "no  value,"  an  "unnecessary  preparation," 
and  "simply  a  solution  of  iodides." 

W.  R.  Pratt,  who  comnmnicated  an  interesting  paper  on  the 
subject,  finds  that  during  the  preparation  of  the  tincture,  on 
addition  of  the  alcoholic  solution  of  iodine  to  the  ammonia, 
approximately  half  the  iodine  is  precipitated  in  the  form  of 
nitrogen  iodide ;  the  remainder  forms  ammonium  iodide.  The 
nitrogen  iodide  partly  decomposes  by  the  action  of  light, 
nitrogen  being  evolved  and  more  ammonium  iodide  formed. 
Hydrolysis  of  a  part  of  the  nitrogen  iodide  produces  ammonium 
hypoiodite,  this  being  hastened  by  the  alcohol.  The  ammonium 
salt  thus  produced  reacts  with  the  alcohol  to  form  a  small 
quantity  of  iodoform,  and  also,  if  the  temperature  is  suf- 
ficiently high,  produces  traces  of  iodate.  The  bulk  of  the 
hypoiodites.  however,  decomposes  and  forms  iodide  by  loss  of 
oxygen.  Traces  of  acetaldehyde  and  hydroxylamine  are  also 
formed.  The  finished  tincture  is  an  alcoholic  solution  of 
ammonium  iodide,  with  excess  of  ammonia,  containing  about 
0.1  per  cent,  iodoform  and  in  some  cases  traces  of  ammonium 
iodate.  hydroxylamine.  and  acetaldehyde. 

Liquid  Extract  of  Male  Fern. 

In  this  paper  F.  W.  Crossley  Holland  suggested  that  this 
nauseous  drug  should  be  administered  in  the  form  of  a  jelly 
of   the   following   formula : 


September.  1914]  THE    PHAEMACEUTICAL    ERA  413 

Prominent  Pharmacists- Who  Greeted  A.  Ph.  A.  Members  in  Detroit  Last  Week. 


\isitors  and  members  in  attendance  at  the  meeting  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association  last  week  in  Detroit 
will  recognize  most  of  the  gentlemen  whose  features  are  delineated  in  the  above  illustration.  They  are  all  actively  connected 
with  pharmacy  in  its  various  branches,  and  they  know  how  to  entertain.  They  are,  reading  from  the  left :  O.  W.  Gorenflo. 
who  ser\'ed  as  chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee:  Harry  B.  JIason,  publicity  committee:  W.  A.  Hall,  membership 
committee:  Charles  F.  Mann,  finance  committee;  J.  H.  Webster,  transportation  committee:  Leonard  .\.  Seltzer,  local  secre- 
tary; J.  H.  Hackney,  secretary  of  the  Detroit  Retail  Druggists'  .Association,  and  Grant  \V.  Stevens,  chairman  of  the  recep- 
tion committee.     In  organized  team  work  and  general  efficiency  they  have  made  a   record   which  will   be  hard  to  beat. 


Liquid  extract  of  male  fern 90  minims 

Gelatin     56  grains 

Glycerin    1  dram 

Elixir  of  saccharin 5  minims 

Oil   of   cinnamon lyi  minims 

Water    265  minims 

The  Adulteration  of  Belladonna  Leaves. 
In  this  paper  G.  Stafford  .\llen  and  Harold  Deane  stated 
that  although  a  considerable  area  of  belladonna  is  cultivated  in 
England,  the  greater  part  of  the  crop  is  converted  into  the 
green  extract,  the  dried  herb  which  is  used  in  making  alcoholic 
extract  of  belladonna  leaves  being  imported  from  the  Con- 
tinent at  a  lower  price  than  it  is  possible  to  supply  leaves  of 
English  origin.  During  the  past  12  months  the  supply  of 
belladonna  has  been  very  short ;  the  price  has,  accordingly, 
risen,  with  the  usual  consequence  that  adulteration  has  been 
largely  practiced — in  fact,  it  has  been  practically  impossible  to 
buy  unadulterated  belladonna  leaves  for  the  past  six  months. 
It  appears  probable  that  the  continuous  collection  of  this  plant 
is  rendering  it  scarce  in  -Austria  and  Hungary,  a  fate  that  has 
already  overtaken  it  in  France  and  Germany:  so,  unless  Russia 
or  -Asia  can  provide  it,  there  seems  a  possibility  that  in  the 
near  future  the  drug  trade  will  have  to  rely  on  cultivated  crops. 
The  authors  stated  the  results  of  the  examination  of  tlie  sup- 
plies available.  Xo  new  sophistication  was  found  but  the  chief 
diagnostic  characters  of  the  substitutes  were  given.  The  adul- 
terants which  have  been  found  are  Phytolacca  decandra,  Scopola 
carniolica,  and  Ailanthus  glandulosa.  In  some  cases  some  of 
these  plants  have  been  offered  either  wholly  or  in  admi.xture  for 
belladonna. 

Estimation  of  Strychnine  in  Presence  of  Brucine. 
D.  B.  Dott  described  the  modification  of  a  process  commonly 
employed  and  suggested  that  the  nitric  acid  should  be  allowed 
to   react   at    the   ordinary    temperature   for   20   minutes,    higher 
temperatures   being   avoided. 

Other  Papers. 
In  a  paper  dealing  with  dried  salts.  J.  C.  Umney  and  R.  R. 
Bennett  suggested  that  a  reasonable  standard  for  dried  mag- 
nesium sulphate  would  be  a  product  containing  not  less  than 
23  per  cent,  or  more  than  31  per  cent,  of  water:  dried  sodium 
sulphate  should  contain  not  more  than  5  per  cent,  of  water 
and  dried  sodium  phosphate  not  more  than  5  per  cent,  of 
water. 

R.  R.  Bennett  and  T.  T.  Cocking  suggested  an  improved 
process  for  the  preparation  of  "liquor  opii  sedativus."  In  a 
paper    on    "The    Rate    of    Dialysis    of    .Alkaloids    in    .Aqueous 


Solution  and  in  the  Form  of  Galenicals,"  by  H.  Finnemore,   it 
was   shown   that   while   a   strychnine   salt   in   aqueous   solution 
begins  to  dialyze  at  once,  the  alkaloid  in  liquid  extract  of  nu.x 
vomica  does  not  do  so  for  two  hours  or  more. 
Practice   Section. 

In  the  practice  section  there  was  a  lengthy  and  useful  dis- 
cussion on  a  suggested  code  of  rules  for  dealing  with  abnormal 
prescriptions.  One  of  the  rules  was  as  follows:  "In  the  case 
of  a  prescription  containing  a  preparation  which  is  illegible, 
communicate  with  the  first  dispenser,  if  previously  dispensed, 
or  confer  with  other  pharmacists;  failing  these,  endeavor  by 
tactful  questioning  of  the  patient  to  obtain  information  that 
may  throw  light  upon  the  difficulty.  If  illegible  drug  or  prepa- 
ration is  apparently,  from  its  position  in  the  prescription  or  for 
other  reasons,  subsidiary  to  more  important  ingredients,  omit 
altogether  and  dispense  only  those  preparations  which  are 
clear.  This  should  be  done  with  the  full  knowledge  and  con- 
sent of  the  patient.  Unless  the  foregoing  enable  you  to  solve 
the  difficulty,  decline  to  dispense  the  prescription." 

-Another  was  as  follows :  "When  the  dose  prescribed  is  ap- 
parently excessive,  take  into  consideration  the  age,  se.x  and 
condition  of  patient,  amount  of  excess,  and  frequency  of  dosage. 
Dispense  generally  as  written  all  drugs  frequently  prescribed 
above  the  official  ma.ximum.  If  drug  is  a  potent  or  dangerous 
one,  and  you  know  of  no  circumstance  which  would  indicate 
necessity  for  large  dosage,  dispense  the  Pharmacopoeial 
maximum." 

"With  regard  to  the  dispensing  of  proprietary  articles  the 
following  rule  was  adopted :  When  a  proprietary  article  is  pre- 
pared and  found  neither  in  stock  nor  immediately  obtainable,  it 
is  not  advisable  to  dispense  a  'similar'  preparation.  In  the 
dispensing  of  proprietary  articles  the  original  label  should  be 
removed  and  the  pharmacist's  own  label,  with  written  direc- 
tions, be  placed  upon  the  original  container  tmless  otherwise 
ordered  or  there  are  special  circumstances  to  the  contrary." 

Two  other  papers  were  also  read,  one  on  "Business  Science" 
and  the  other  on  "The  Law  as  to  Dispensing." 

E.  S.  Peck  was  elected  the  new  president  and  Scarborough 
was  chosen  as  the  meeting-place  for  next  year. 


■Whooping  Cough  Liniment. 

Oil  of  cloves Vz  ounce 

Oil    of    eucalyptus yi  ounce 

Oil    of    amber 1  ounce 

Camphor  liniment,  enough  to  make....     6  ounces 


414 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[September,  1914 


Business  Science  in  Pharmacy.* 


By   T.    0.    BARLOW,   Southsea,   England. 


E^'ERY  man  out  for  a  living  has  something  to  sell — brains, 
skill,  time  or  goods — and  there  is  nothing  degrading  in 
selling  his  commodity;  in  fact,  his  education  is  not  com- 
plete until  he  knows  how  to  obtain  and  hold  a  market  or 
patrons.  The  seller  must  appeal  to  the  purchaser,  either  by  his 
personality,  by  advertising  or  by  the  exhibition  of  his  goods. 
If  he  is  a  professional  man,  who  sells  his  opinion,  but  may  not 
advertise,  he  depends  upon  his  personality  and  social  intercourse 
for  clients.  The  trader  uses  all  three  methods,  and,  further, 
rhust  give  good  reason  why  a  man  should  deal  with  him.  That 
his  goods  will  give  greater  satisfaction,  better  health,  or  more 
pleasure  to  the  possessor,  his  business  policy  must  be  attractive 
and  sound.  Every  customer  is  not  amenable  to  one  stereotyped 
argument.  He  must  therefore  study  the  various  types  and  the  char- 
acter of  each  type.  The  seller  must  know  how  to  present  his  goods 
to  receive  favorable  attention,  how  to  offer  a  logical  statement  in 
their  favor,  how  to  develop  his  abilities,  how  to  maintain  his 
health,  what  to  avoid.  He  must  understand  bookkeeping,  the 
collection  of  money,  the  working  of  systems  of  storage  and 
stock-keeping,  and  how  to  prepare  advertisements.  These  and 
a  great  many  other  matters  have  been  classified  by  men  of  large 
experience. 

Business  resolves  itself  into  a  sale,  and  a  sale  divides  naturally 
into  three  parts — (1)  the  seller,  (2)  the  goods  or  commodity, 
and  (3)  the  buyer.  The  seller  is  generally  the  most  active 
party  to  the  sale,  so  we  will  consider  him  first.  As  it  is 
human  to  be  attracted  or  repelled  by  everyone  with  whom  we 
come  into  contact,  it  is  essential  that  a  salesman  should  dis- 
cover those  attributes  that  attract,  so  that  he  begins  without 

t 

Health 


Man 


Seller    — 


-  Character 
-Education 
-Development 


1     Method 


I 

I  I     Selection 

'  I 

Business  I  I     Packmg 

— ' —  Goods  — I 

Science  '  I     ^'aIue 

1  I 

'  I     Service 


I 


Buyer 


1     Character 


Tastes 


unnecessary  handicap.  To  do  this  he  must  study  the  subject 
thoroughly.  He  will  find  that  a  bright,  cheerful  spirit,  an 
open,  trustful,  and  courageous  manner,  good,  well-made,  sen- 
sible clothing,  a  first-rate  knowledge  of  his  goods,  a  logical 
method  of  stating  their  points,  clean  and  orderly  surroundings, 
and  a  pronounced  idea  of  being  of  service  to  the  customer  will 
attract  most  people.  .\ll  these  points  belong  to  an  active  per- 
sonality, and  if  any  are  missing  they  must  be  discovered  and 
cultivated.  A  little  honest  self-analysis  will  reveal  the  absence 
of  these  qualities,  and  when  revealed  there  is  just  one  plan, 
and  that  is  to  cultivate  them. 


*Read   before  the  Practice   Section  of  the  British   Pharma- 
ceutical Conference,  5lst  annual  meeting,  Chester,  July  22,  1914. 


By  study  we  learned  more  of  pharmacy,  and  by  study  shall 
we  know  more  of  the  science  of  salesmanship,  that  is  business. 

Business  science  may  present  more  difficulty  because  of  its 
human  elements,  but  it  is  also  more  entrancing.  To  recognize 
a  difficulty  is  to  wish  to  surmount  it. 

The  salesman  must  know  the  rudimentary  laws  of  health,  the 
value  of  e.xercise,  the  ncid  of  fresh  air,  good  food  and  recrea- 
tion, and  what  is  more  necessary  still  is  that  he  acts  upon  his 
knowledge.  Health  is  the  greatest  aid  to  cheerfulness,  courage 
and  cleanliness,  and  mu.>;t  be  taken  care  of.  He  must  study. 
The  history  of  his  callinc;,  its  present  position,  his  goods,  their 
history,  value  and  use  are  a  necessity  to  the  progressive  sales- 
man. He  must  stock  his  mind  with  information  from  as  great 
a  variety  of  sources  as  possible  to  increase  his  ability  to  appeal 
to  customers  of  every  tyi>e.  To  do  this  the  writings  of  great 
men  will  appeal  to  him,  for  though  they  may  give  no  definite 
rulings  on  business  matters,  they  guide  the  reader  to  a  better 
understanding  of  the  laws  of  life.  To  work  in  accordance  with 
the  laws  of  life  means  higher  efficiency,  therefore  greater  suc- 
cess. By  study,  the  manner  of  his  conversation  will  improve 
in  clearness  and  force. 

The  last  and  most  important  quality  laid  down  is  that  of 
service.  Service  stands  for  so  much — it  not  only  covers  the 
supply,  packing  and  delivery  of  the  goods,  but  includes  the 
salesman's  advice  as  an  expert,  guidance  in  selection,  and  a 
description  of  their  advantages  and  peculiarities.  Good  service 
precludes  misrepresentation  and  exorbitant  charges.  The  profit 
that  the  seller  makes — that  is  the  difference  between  cost  plus 
working  expenses  and  the  price  received — should  bear  a  direct 
ratio  to  the  service  rendered.  It  is  a  tangible  thing,  and  always 
commands  a  rate  in  proportion  to  its  reliability.  Good  intelli- 
gent service  that  is  reliable  will  always  draw  business,  more 
business  shows  more  profit.  Good  service  therefore  means 
greater  profit.  Two  other  qualities  not  already  mentioned  but 
which  count  are  earnestness  and  loyalty;  we  all  know  them,  and 
loyalty  is  about  the  sweetest  thing  we  meet  in  our  business  lives. 

The  next  great  success  factor  is  a  business  policy — what  the 
seller  is  setting  out  to  sell  and  how  he  proposes  to  sell  it.  It  is 
essential  to  lay  down  some  principle  or  principles  to  guide  him 
through  his  career.  One  or  two  will  suffice  to  begin  with;  he 
can  add  more  as  he  grows.  He  must  determine  what  class  of 
goods  is  likely  to  be  in  demand  in  his  particular  district, 
whether  the  lowest  priced  or  the  best  possible,  whether  he  will 
sell  just  staples,  or  offer  luxuries  as  well,  and  which  class  of 
people  he  will  appeal  to.  He  must  know  his  position  with  re- 
gard to  credit  sales,  and,  having  settled  upon  a  policy,  adhere 
to  it  un'il  there  are  excellent  reasons  to  change. 

We  now  come  to  the  commodity  to  be  sold,  generally  "goods," 
but,  whatever  it  is,  the  same  principles  apply. 

The  selection  of  the  goods  should  be  in  accordance  with  the 
seller's  character  and  inclinations.  One  prefers  a  scientific  sub- 
ject, another  country  life,  another  has  no  patience  with  anything 
outside  the  general  run  of  town  life.  Whichever  it  is,  it  will 
pay  him  to  follow,  because  he  is  more  in  sympathy  with  his 
subject,  can  speak  more  earnestly  and  make  a  far  better  appeal  to 
that  particular  section.  Failures  occur  most  frequently  amongst 
those  who  lack  interest  in  their  vocation  or  the  goods  they  sell. 

The  first  thing  to  do  after  choosing  the  goods  is  to  pack  or 
prepare  them  for  sale  carefully  and  well  in  packages  that  will 
attract  favorable  attention.  This  precludes  gaudy,  grotesque  and 
unsuitable  containers,  and  demands  a  package  that  will  appeal 
to  a  customer  by  its  suitability  and  general  "get-up."  The  second 
care  is  that  the  contents  are  right  in  quality  and  condition. 
The  packages  may  help  to  sell  the  goods,  but  it  is  the  contents 
that  make  the  "repeater." 

The  package  being  ready  for  sale,  how  shall  he  sell  it? 

By  knowing  all  about  it;  by  analysing  it  systematically  which 
will  also  give  him  a  logical  statement  of  its  merits.  Analytical 
charts  have  been  prepared  for  many  things,  and  here  is  one  for 
"goods."  It  is  not  claimed  to  be  complete,  but  it  will  demon- 
strate what  may  be  done  to  facilitate  a  logical  presentation  of 
a  selling  talk.  The  seller  can  add  more  to  suit  any  particular 
case. 

The  buyer  also  requires  earnest  consideration.  He  is  there 
for  the  seller  to  obtain  such  favorable  attention  from  as  will 
lead  to  business.  The  seller  should  be  able  to  discover  the  type 
of  man  he  is  dealing  with.  The  quickest  and  readiest  w-ay  is  to 
read  his  character  from  his  face  and  manner.  The  result  will 
provide  the  line  of  least  resistance  for  the  salesman  to  travel. 
By  closer  study  of  the  various  types  he  can  more  quickly  de- 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


415 


The 

goods 


The 

— Article 

itself 


Its 

Service 
—to 

Purchaser 


— What  it  is 

— What  it  is  good  for 

— How  made 

— The  material 

— The  various  parts 

— Its   history 

— Its  value 

— Comparison   with 

competitive  goods 


-Necessity 

-Utility 

-Convenience 

-Comfort 

-Pleasure 


I — Comparison  witli 
I  competitive  articles 
I— Cost 
termine  the  methods  to  follow  to  arouse  interest  to  the  buying 
point.  It  may  be  the  beauty  or  utility  of  the  article,  or  it  may 
be  an  appeal  to  his  desire  to  be  more  efficient,  better  equipped, 
or  better  informed,  or  an  appeal  to  his  vanity  or  his  pocket. 
This  is  a  convenient  place  to  consider  what  the  seller  should 
avoid.  He  should  avoid  extravagant  claims.  Extravagant  claims 
raise  doubts — a  state  of  doubt  is  not  favorable  to  business. 

He  should  avoid  unfair  criticism  of  a  competitor  or  com- 
petitive goods.  Most  people  are  sporting  enough  to  defend,  at 
least,  in  their  own  minds  the  absent  one — an  unfavorable  atti- 
tude to  the  seller.  He  must  not  argue — argument  begets  a  state 
of  active  opposition.  He  must  not  talk  too  much,  for  he  may 
"unsell"  the  buyer.  He  must  avoid  tendering  advice  to  the 
buyer,  who  is  impatient  of  any  advice.  The  art  of  suggestion 
will  lead  such  a  one  to  the  desired  position. 

It  is  now  proposed  to  consider  the  relationship  of  what  has 
been  said  to  our  every-day  life,  leaving  bookkeeping,  systems  of 
all  kinds,  and  advertising  all  well-defined,  and  very  large  sub- 
jects to  be  dealt  with  at  future  meetings  of  the  Practice 
Section. 

As  already  set  out,  the  essential  attributes  of  a  successful 
salesman  must  include  a  complete  knowledge  of  his  goods — 
their  collection,  preparation,  history,  real  worth  and  value  to 
the  purchaser,  together  with  the  elements  of  good  service.  Is 
this  of  value  to  pharmacy?  I  venture  to  think  it  is,  because  if 
its  exponents  wish  to  be  successful  in  practice  they  must  not 
only  possess  a  good  knowledge,  but  be  continuously  adding  to 
that  knowledge  for  the  better  exhibition  of  medicines  and  the 
introduction  of  sound  remedies.  For  the  better  the  work  done 
the  greater  the  service  to  the  public. 

The  Conference  was  instituted  for  the  purpose  of  friendly 
intercourse,  for  the  advancement  of  pharmaceutical  knowledge, 
and  the  maintenance  of  the  purity  of  drugs.  Business  science 
teaches  us  that  we  must  supply  pure  commodities,  the  best  and 
most  serviceable.  It  teaches  us  to  be  constant  students  that  our 
work  may  be  better  and  of  more  value  to  the  public.  To  do 
better  must  be  advancement.  It  also  holds  out  a  definite  re- 
ward, greater  satisfaction,  more  respect  from  our  fellows,  and 
lastly  an  increased  income  with  which  we  can  obtain  those 
refinements  that  are  almost  essential  to  our  education,  and 
which  enables  us  to  come  to  these  meetings  to  take  part  in  the 
friendly  intercourse  with  comfort  and  pleasure.  Thus,  then, 
does  business  science  enter  into  every  division  of  our  constitu- 
tion. Having  chosen  our  vocation  we  have  decided  on  at  least 
a  large  part  of  the  goods  we  shall  supply,  and  the  Pharmaceuti- 
cal Society  has  seen  to  our  knowing  something  of  them — this 
knowledge   is  laid  down  as  a  necessity  to  the  seller. 

I  believe  there  is  no  need  to  go  outside  pharmacy  if  we  really 
love  it.  Dispensing,  the  supply  of  drugs,  chemicals,  dressings 
and  sick-room  requirements  should  be  sufficient  to  give  us  a 
living  worth  having  if  we  specialize,  and  I  think  the  time  will 
come  when  we  shall  be  true  to  our  titles  and  stick  to  our  pestles 
and  mortars.  But  at  present  many  of  us  find  it  necessary  to 
develop  a  side-line,  and  here  to  refer  back  we  find  it  should  be 
one  in  which  we  have  a  warm  personal  interest. 

We  will  now  traverse  the  whole  statement  with  regard  to  our- 
selves. Have  you  noticed  the  caricature  of  a  chemist  in  the 
illustrated  papers? 


A  caricature  accentuates  the  noticeable  points  of  its  subject. 
The  upper  portion  of  his  head  and  face  is  quite  favorable,  but 
look  at  the  eyes,  nose,  chin  and  cheeks  he  is  given.  What  is 
there  in  them  to  express  the  great  attributes  of  a  business  man — • 
cheerfulness,  courage,  fearlessness,  aggressive  power,  decision, 
or  a  good  digestion  ?  We  are  not  quite  so  bad  as  all  that,  but 
it  is  as  well  to  see  through  our  eyes  sometimes,  and  is  it  not  a 
fact.that  we  are  inclined  to  be  petty  and  dictatorial,  to  show  our 
little  know-ledge  a  trifle  more  than  is  necessary,  to  be  a  little 
crotchety  with  our  customers  and  look  bored  and  weary.  If 
those  pictures  tell  us  anything  it  is  the  story  of  a  man  who 
neglects  his  health  and  recreation.  We  cannot  fasten  ourselves 
up  at  work  all  hours  of  the  day  and  night  without  fresh  air, 
sunshine,  exercise  and  recreation  any  more  than  other  men. 
Nor  is  there  any  need.  How  often  should  it  be  "How  slow 
wc  work,"  instead  of  "What  a  lot  we  have  to  do?"  Our  health 
is  as  essential  to  our  business  as  to  ourselves,  and  to  attain  our 
highest  expression  we  must  arrange  that  due  time  is  given  up  to 
exercise  for  our  body's  sake  and  to  recreation  for  our  mind's 
sake. 

Do  we  sufficiently  study  our  calling  and  how  to  develop  our- 
selves, or  do  we  rest  on  our  oars  as  soon  as  the  examinations 
are  over?  Each  one  can  answer  the  question  to  himself,  and 
he  will  know  if  he  tries  to  hoodwink  his  inner  consciousness. 
Do  we  know  all  that  there  is  to  know  about  our  goods  and  the 
service  they  can  be  to  the  possessor?  Do  we  analyse  them  and 
set  out  a  logical  selling  talk?  Have  we  read  the  philosophy  of 
the  great  thinkers  of  the  past  as  well  as  the  present?  Are  we 
students  of  human  nature  and  of  business  methods? 

A  few  years  ago  it  was  a  common  sight  to  see  a  chemist's 
window  a  repository  for  dead  flies  and  the  jetsam  of  the  initial 
bright  thoughts  and  hopes  of  the  proprietor.  This  condition 
does  not  exist  to  the  same  extent  today,  but  one  cannot  pass 
the  statement  that  the  seller's  surroundings  must  be  clean  and 
orderly  without  visions  of  pharmacies  with  their  jumble  of 
goods,  their  shop  rounds  with  the  dirty  patch  of  congealed 
powder  on  the  side  facing  the  light,  and  the  necks  and  stop- 
pers of  bottles  containing  liquids,  clogged  with  the  accumula- 
tions of  time.  Their  shop  windows  a  dusty,  ill-arranged  rnass 
of  out-of-date  goods. 

The  level  of  education  has  been  raised  enormously,  and  the 
more  educated  people  are  the  more  particular  do  they  become 
in  matters  of  arrangement  and  cleanliness,  especially  in  goods 
for  personal  consumption.  The  quality  of  "Service"  pharma- 
cists can  reasonably  claim  to  possess  in  a  marked  degree.  It 
is  the  best  of  the  whole  bunch,  but,  remember,  not  so  useful 
without  the  others.  We  saw  that  service  was  a  tangible  thing, 
and  worth  money.  Do  we  receive  proportionate  payment  for 
that  service?  Do  we  so  present  that  service  to  the  buyer  that 
its  value  becomes  so  infinitely  more  important  to  him  than  the 
cost,  that  the  price  practically  falls  out  of  his  consideration? 
We  have  always  been  pleased  to  give  information  about  medi- 
cines, the  dose,  when  and  how  tt'  take,  how  to  prepare,  and  any 
other  information  that  could  be  given  to  render  it  more  palata- 
ble or  efficient,  also  instructions  in  the  use  of  the  various  ap- 
paratus and  sundries  we  supply.  These  are  elements  of  good 
service  for  which  anyone  would  be  pleased  to  pay  a  reasonable 
amount,  and  upon  which  we  should  take  our  stand  to  meet 
competition.  Cutting  does  not  appeal  to  thoughtful  men,  for, 
carried  to  its  conclusion,  the  longest  purse  will  win,  and  phar- 
macy does  not  provide  purses  of  such  a  type.  Have  we  studied 
"earnestness"  as  a  business  asset,  or  do  we  still  run  in  the 
"what's-the-use"  class?  Earnestness  will  carry  us  over  many  a 
hurdle  and  show  a  profit  instead  of  a  loss.  Meaning  what 
we  say,  and  showing  the  buyer  that  "service"  to  him  counts 
for  at  least  as  much  as  a  "sale"  to  us.  We  know  perfectly 
well  that  there  are  places  of  business  and  salesmen  we  prefer  to 
deal  w'ith,  and  we  will  go  quite  a  distance  out  of  our  way  to  do 
so.  Is  not  this  an  asset  to  a  business?  On  the  other  hand,  there 
are  shops  we  can  never  think  about  without  a  black  mark 
cropping  up  in  our  minds  at  the  same  time.  We  should  for 
ever  practice  loyalty.  Loyalty  kills  prejudice — prejudice  is  op- 
posed to  success  in  business  by  preventing  the  formation  of  a 
correct  estimate.  Loyalty  to  our  customers,  to  our  staffs,  our 
craft  and  ourselves — all  are  necessary.  Have  we  a  business 
policy  that  we  could  explain  to  anyone  succinctly?  If  not,  we 
must  prepare  one  so  that  it  may  be  a  guiding  star  in  all  our  deal- 
ings. The  adherence  to  a  sound  business  policy  has  been  the 
foundation  of  the  greatest  business  houses  of  the  times.  It  is 
as   essential    to    pharmacists   as    to    any    other    business    men. 


416 


THE    PIlAH.MAC'ErTRAL    EKA 


[September.  11(14 


Carbolic'  Disinfecting  Powder. 

Carbolic   acid    2  gallons 

Kicsclguhr    14  pounds 

Gypsum    1(X1  pounds 

Red   ochre    'A  pound 

Grind  the  g>'psum  in  a  roller  mill  with  the  ochre.  Mix  the 
kiesclguhr  with  twice  its  weight  of  the  powder,  add  the  acid 
gradually  to  this,  stirring  well:  then  add  the  rest  of  the  pow- 
der.    Sift  through  a  fine  sieve. 

Blistering  Liniment    (Veterinary). 

Cantharides 1  ounce 

Euphorbium     y,  ounce 

Oil  of  turpentine 4  ounces 

Digest  for  two  or  three  days  and  pour  off  the  liquid;  digest 
the  cantharides.  etc.,  in  4  ounces  of  alcohol  and  2  ounces  of 
ammonia  for  three  or  four  days,  shaking  frequently:  strain  off 
this  liquid,  and  mi.\  it  with  the  turpentine  niLMurc.  .Apply 
with  a  rag  tied  lo  a  short  stick. 

English   Shaving  Cream. 

Lanolin     i/,  ounce 

Camphorated    oil    yi  ounce 

Soft  soap 1  pound 

Oil   of  cinnamon 5  drops 

Oil  of  bergamot 15  drops 

Oil  of  bitter  almond 10  drops 

Put  the  lanolin  and  camphorated  oil  in  a  warm  mortar,  stir, 
work  in  the  soft  soap  in  small  quantities,  and  finally  add  the 
perfumes.     Put  up  in  collapsible  tubes. 

Transparent  Shampoo  Jelly. 

Transparent  soap    100  parts 

Potassium   carbonate    12  parts 

Water    150  parts 

Glycerin    50  parts 

Coarsely  po»vder  the  soap  and  place  it  in  a  suitable  vessel. 
Dissolve  the  potassium  carbonate  in  the  water  and  add  it  to 
the  soap.  Heat  over  a  water  bath  until  melted,  then  add  the 
glycerin;  when  a  homogeneous  mi.xture  is  made,  cool  a  small 
sample.  If  this  is  too  firm,  add  water  in  sufficient  quantity  to 
thin  to  the  desired  consistency.  Thoroughly  incorporate  and 
perfume  as  desired. 

Theatrical   Cold  Cream. 

Spermaceti    16  parts 

WTiite   beeswa.x    48  parts 

Liquid  petrolatum    156  parts 

Bora.x     4  parts 

Water    128  parts 

Perfume    q.s. 

Cut  the  spermaceti  and  white  wax  small  and  melt  over  a 
water  bath.  Then  add  the  liquid  petrolatum  in  divided  por- 
tions, transfer  to  a  warm  mortar  and  gradually  incorporate  the 
water  in  which  the  borax  has  been  previously  dissolved,  stir- 
ring constantly  imtil  all  of  the  water  has  been  worked  in. 
\Mien  the  mixture  assumes  the  appearance  of  a  thick  cream, 
and  just  before  it  "sets,"  work  in  the  perfume.  Said  to  spread 
easily  and  quickly. 

Corn  Solvent. 

Salicylic   acid    1  dram 

Extract  of  belladonna yi  dram 

Castor    oil    yi  dram 

Powdered    resin    15  grains 

Flexible    collodion    (acetylated) 1  ounce 

Mix. 

Polish  for  Automobiles. 

Yellow  wax   1   ounce 

Deodorized    benzine     7  ounces 

Alcohol    30  minims 

-Ammonia   water    15  minims 

Oil  of  lavender   flowers 15  minims 

Shake  well  before  applying.  The  polish  is  said  to  be  effective 
only  when  accompanied   by  hard  rubbing  with  a   soft  cloth. 


Cloth  Cleaning  Paste. 

Castile    soap    4  ounces 

Boiling   water    o2  ounces 

Dissolve  and  when  co  d  add — 

.Stronger   ammonia   water 8  ounces 

Ether   2  ounces 

Rectified   spirit    4  ounces 

Oil  of  citronella yi  dram 

Water,   enough   to  make 1   gallon 

Mi.x.     To   use,   spread   the   part   of   the   cloth   on   which   the 
stains  appear  up.on  a  taiile,  putting  a  folded  towel  beneath  the 
spots;  then  rub  on  the  paste  with  a  sponge  in  a  circular  motion. 
Mentholated  Tooth  Paste. 

Precipitated   chalk    10  ounces 

Pbwdercd   white   castile   soap 6  ounces 

Magnesium  carbonate    .?  ounces 

Menthol    6  grains 

Thymol    4  grains 

Solution    of   carmine q.s. 

Glycerin  or  honey,  enough  to  form  a  paste. 
Rub  the  chalk,   castile  soap   and  magnesium  carbonate   with 
the    glycerin    into    a    paste;    dissolve    the    menthol    in    a    little 
alcohol,  add  to  the  solution  of  carmine,  using  enough  to  color, 
and  incorporate  with  the  paste 

Liquid  Metal  Polish. 

Oleic   acid    3  pounds 

Rotten   stone    1   pound 

Kerosene   16  fl.  ounces 

Solution  of  sodium  silicate 32  ounces 

Carbon  tetrachloride    q.s. 

Oil  of  mirbane q.s. 

Heat  the  oleic  acid  until  hot ;  add  the  solution  of  sodium 
silicate,  previously  heated,  pouring  into  the  oleic  acid  gradually 
with  constant  stirring.  .After  cooling,  add  the  rotten  stone, 
kerosene,  and  oil  of  mirbane.  lastly  adding  the  carbon  tetra- 
chloride. .According  to  the  Apothecary,  "this  will  be  found,  if 
mixed  carefully,  to  fill  all  the  requirements  of  a  quick  non- 
shaking  article." 

Cement   for   Glass. 

Finely  powdered   litharge 3  ounces 

Pine  dry  white  sand 3  ounces 

Plaster   of   paris .' 3  ounces 

Powdered   rosin    1   ounce 

Mix  thoroughly  and  make  into  a  paste  with  linseed  oil  to 
which  a  drier  has  been  added.  Beat  well,  and  let  stand  four 
hours  before  using.  It  is  impossible  to  use  the  cement  if  left 
standing  more  than  10  or  12  hours.  Glass  united  with  this 
cement  will  not  break  at  the  joint  and  the  cement  is  recom- 
mended for  repairing  porcelain  dishes,  making  aquariums,  etc. 
Styptic  Pencil  With  Formaldehyde. 

Alum    480  grams 

Borax     28  grams 

Zinc   oxide    2.5  grams 

Thymol    8  grams 

Solution    of    formaldehyde 10  grams 

Melt  the  alum,  borax  and  thymol  on  a  water  bath,  add  with 
constant  stirring  the  zinc  oxide  and  solution  of  formaldehyde, 
remove  from  the  bath  and  pour  into  suitable  moulds  just 
before  solidifying.  This  formula  is  recommended  as  producing 
a  new  styptic  pencil  which  possesses  remarkable  antiseptic  and 
healing  properties. 

Compound   Solution   of   Eugenol   and   Thymol. 

Eugcnol     384  minims 

Thymol    •. 87yi  minims 

Tincture  of  calendula 10  fl.  ounces 

Tincture  of  krameria,  enough  to  make..  20  fl.  ounces 
Dissolve  the  thymol  and  eugenol  in  the  tincture  of  calendula 
and  sufficient  tincture  of  krameria  to  produce  the  required 
volume.  The  addition  of  about  40  minims  of  the  solution  to  a. 
ha'f  pint  of  warm  water  produces  an  excellent  mouth  wash. 
(B.P.C.   Formulary.)    " 


September,  1014] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


417 


GLEANINGS  FROM  EUROPEAN  WORKERS. 


Several    Practical   Hints   for   Prescriptions — Bacterial 

Impurities  in  Pepsin — More  Glucosidal  Work  by 

Bourquelot — Color   Tests. 

THIS  month's  Abstracts  contain  several  short  paragraphs, 
giving  practical  advice  on  the  preparation  of  sterile  sodium 
chloride  solution,  heroin  solutions,  and  rapidly  disin- 
tegrating tablets.  Bourquelot  and  his  students  are  continuing 
their  work  on  enzymes  and  glucosides,  and  four  articles  treat 
various  phases  of  the  subject.  Two  new  color  tests  for  strych- 
nine and  morphine  are  presented,  both  of  them  very  sensitive. 
Thurn  points  out  the  dangers  of  infection  from  microscope 
slides  bearing  bacteriological  preparations.  Martinet,  writing 
on  the  proper  administration  of  digitalis,  believes  that  only 
those  preparations  should  be  used  which  contain  all  the  con- 
stituents of  the  leaves.  The  active  principle  of  squill  is 
affirmed  by  Kopaczewski  to  be  an  amorphous  glucoside, 
scillitin. 
Sterile   Sodium  Chloride   Solutions — 

A  new  method  for  preparing  sterile  sodium  chloride  solu- 
tions for  use  in  injections  of  salvarsan  consists  in  bringing 
together  the  requisite  amount  of  dilute  hydrochloric  acid  anci 
sodium  hydroxide  solutions.  Dilute  hydrochloric  acid  solu- 
tions are  sterile,  especially  if  the  dilution  has  been  made  at  a 
boiling  temperature.  When  adding  the  sodium  hydroxide,  the 
neutral  point  is  determined  by  means  of  a  few  drops  of 
phenolphthalein.  To  prepare  the  salvarsan  solutions,  take 
100  cc.  of  a  2  per  cent,  hydrochloric  acid  solution  which  has 
been  previously  boiled  and  cooled  to  blood  heat,  and  dissolve 
in  it  0.3  g.  of  salvarsan.  Then  add  sodium  hydroxide  solution 
until  the  last  drop  just  clears  up  the  turbidity.  (MUnch.  lied. 
Wochschr.,  1014.  p.  1325.") 
Hardened  Fats  Suitable  for  Food — 

In  recent  times  a  large  number  of  hardened  fats  and  oils 
have  been  placed  on  the  market,  produced  by  treating  cotton- 
seed oil,  arachis  oil,  and  sesame  oil  with  hydrogen  in  the 
presence  of  nickel  as  a  catalyzer.  According  to  a  recent  in- 
vestigation there  is  no  objection  to  the  use  of  these  hardened 
fats  as  human  food.  If  nickel  is  present  at  all,  it  is  in 
negligible  traces.  In  view  of  the  increasing  consumption  of 
fats  in  Europe,  it  seems  highly  rational  to  utilize  a  portion  of 
the  superabundant  liquid  fats,  which  have  hitherto  been  dif- 
ficulty applicable  to  human  nourishment,  and  convert  them 
artificially  into  a  product  which  is  apparently  equal  in  nutritive 
value  to  ordinary  animal  and  plant  fats.  The  author  thinks 
that  the  new  fats  are  especially  adapted  for  the  production  of 
margarine.  (Lelimann,  Chem.  Ztg..  1014,  p.  798.) 
Rapidly   Disintegrating-  Tablets — 

According  to  Lundin,  tablets  which  break  up  quite  readily 
when  brought  into  a  liquid,  are  prepared  as  follows:  1.  Acetyl- 
salicylic  acid  100  g.,  arrowroot  starch  10  g.,  rice  starch  10  g. ; 
2.  acetyl-salicylic  acid  100  g.,  arrowroot  starch  7.5  g.,  rice 
starch  7.5  g.,  powdered  agar-agar  5  g.  Granulate  with  90  per 
cent,  alcohol,  instead  of  water,  dry  at  a  general  heat,  and 
compress  under  moderate  pressure.  The  second  formula  is 
said  to  give  tablets  which  disintegrate  with  extreme  rapidity. 
Each  formula  is  calculated  for  100  tablets  containing  1  g.  of 
acetyl-salicylic  acid,  or  200  tablets  containing  0.5  g.  (Lundin, 
Farmac.  Revy.,  1914,  Nos.  20  and  21.) 
Specificity  of  Enzymes — 

Bourquelot  treats  this  subject  from  the  viewpoint  of  the 
recent  work  on  the  synthesizing  action  of  enzymes.  The  chief 
difficulty  is  that  it  is  impossible  to  isolate  the  substances  in 
the  pure  state.  It  is  therefore  necessary  to  study  the  ferments 
under  varying  conditions,  to  arrive  at  evidence  for  or  against 
their  specificity.  For  instance,  it  might  be  thought  that  in- 
vertin  and  diastase  (amylase)  are  identical;  but  it  has  been 
shown  that  certain  organic  liquids  act  on  sugar  cane  only, 
while  others  act  only  on  starch,  which  fact  can  be  explained 
only  by  admitting  the  existence  of  two  ferments.  Inverlin  was 
also  formerly  confounded  with  maltase,  but  was  later  proved 
to   be   a   distinct   substance.     Several   ferments  have   the   power 


to  hydrolyze  numerous  compounds.  The  specific  nature  of  the 
enzymes  is  seen  more  clearly  in  the  synthesizing  action.  Alpha- 
glucosidase,  made  from  dried  bottom  yeast,  will  hydrolyze  or 
synthesize  alpha-glucosides  only,  while  the  beta  form,  found 
in  emulsin,  acts  on  beta-glucosides,  and  builds  them  up.  The 
two  forms  of  glucoside  are  obtained  from  the  same  alcoholic 
solutions  of  glucose,  according  as  one  or  the  other  ferment  is 
employed.  This  is  made  possible  by  the  passage  of  the  ordi- 
nary alpha-glucose  into  the  beta  form.  Similar  phenomena  are 
noticed  with  the  galactosides,  alpha  and  beta,  for  which  there 
are  two  specific  ferments.  Again,  it  is  now  known  that  several 
enzymes  have  the  power  to  synthesize  a  number  of  compounds, 
which  must,  however,  have  the  same  chemical  constitution,  and 
the  same  stereochemical  structure.  In  this  way  the  enzymes 
differ  from  the  chemical  agents  used  by  FLscher  to  form  gluco- 
sides. Hydrochloric  acid,  for  instance,  gave  Fischer  alpha- 
and  beta-glucosides  and  galactosides,  while  with  beta-gluco- 
sidase  only  beta-glucoside  is  obtained.  The  biochemical  method 
gives  pure  products,  in  good  yields,  and  is  sometimes  superior 
to  chemical  methods.  (Bourquelot,  T.  Pharm.  Chim.,  Vol.  9, 
p.  603.) 
Pharmacology   of  Strychnine    Derivatives — 

The  marked  action  of  strychnine  on  the  nervous  system, 
apart  from  its  toxic  effect,  was  pointed  out  by  Magendie  and 
others,  and  led  to  its  being  employed  in  all  sorts  of  nervous 
affections,  although  in  insufficient  doses.  .Since  then  it  has 
fallen  into  disrepute.  This  is  doubtless  due  to  the  fact  that 
when  the  alkaloid  or  its  salts  are  administered,  it  is  necessary, 
in  order  to  get  the  full  therapeutic  value  of  the  drug,  to  pre- 
scribe it  in  such  large  doses  that  the  initial  symptoms  of  in- 
toxication are  produced.  Attempts  have  been  made  to  modify 
the  chemical  molecule,  in  order  to  reduce  the  toxicity.  Hilde- 
brandt  has  used  the  methyl-betaine  of  strychnic  acid.  The 
toxic  action  is  greatly  modified  in  this  compound,  and  the 
tetanic  symptoms,  in  frogs,  may  be  delayed  for  two  or  three 
days.  Chevalier  has  instituted  a  series  of  experiments  with 
the  more  soluble  ethyl-bctaine  of  strychnic  acid.  The  toxicity 
toward  animals  is  infinitely  less  than  that  of  strychnine.  It 
seems  probable  that  the  drug  may  be  useful  in  therapeutic 
doses  and  be  capable  of  safe  employment  as  a  nervine  tonic, 
but  further  proof  is  needed.  (Chevalier,  Comptes  rend.,  1914, 
255;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Administration  of  Digitalis — 

In  determining  the  method  of  administering  digitalis,  the 
kind  of  preparations  and  the  dose  must  be  considered.  In 
regard  to  the  former,  there  is  a  choice  among  the  crystalline 
products,  the  classical  galenicals,  and  the  total  extracts.  The 
galenical  preparations  have  many  points  in  their  favor,  but 
their  variability  is  excessive.  The  crystalline  products  of  the 
digitalin  type  allow  an  exact  posology.  But  the  work  of  Wood, 
Focke,  Pouchet  and  others  has  proved  that  the  activity  of 
digitalis  is  not  proportional  to  the  content  of  digitalin,  that 
crystallized  digitalin  does  not  exist  in  the  plant,  but  is  an 
artificial  product,  and  that  the  most  certainly  active  prepara- 
tions of  digitalis  are  those  which  contain  the  totality  of  the 
active  principles.  These  total  extracts,  standardized  physio- 
logically, and  capable  of  administration  by  mouth  or  injection, 
are  today  the  best  forms  of  digitalis,  and  often  succeed  where 
the  other  preparations  fail.  (Martinet,  Presse  Med.,  May  6, 
1914.) 

Color  Tests  for  Strychnine — 

The  tests  usually  employed  are  those  of  Wenzell,  Mandelin 
and  Sonnenschein.  The  first  consists  in  the  use  of  a  solution 
of  0.5  g.  of  permanganate  of  potash  in  100  cc.  of  pure_sul- 
phuric  acid,  applied  on  the  end  of  a  glass  rod  to  the  alkaloidal 
residue,  whereby  a  blue  color  is  produced,  which  changes  to 
cherry  red.  Mandelin's  reagent  is  the  well-known  solution  of 
vanadic  acid  in  sulphuric  acid.  Sonnenschein's  test  consists 
in  dissolving  the  residue  in  pure  sulphuric  acid,  and  adding  a 
minute  piece  of  cerium  oxide,  which  produces  the  blue  color, 
passing  into  red.  The  most  common  test,  with  sulphiiric  acid 
and  potassium  dichromate,  will  not  indicate  one-hundredth  of  a 
mg.  of  strychnine,  while  the  other  three  tests  named  above  are 


418 


THE   PHARiMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[September,  1914 


sufficiently  sensitive  to  do  so.  The  same  degree  of  sensibility 
is  possessed  by  the  following;  Dissolve  the  residue  in  two  or 
tliree  drops  of  sulphuric  acid,  and  add  two  or  three  mg.  of 
manganese  carbonate,  stirring  witli  a  glass  rod.  A  blue  color, 
changing  slowlv  to  violet,  and  tlien  to  rose,  indicates  strychnine. 
(Guerin,  .1.  I'harm.  Chim.,  1^14,  p.  595.) 
Agitation  of  Culture  Media — 

Recent  experiments  confirm  the  author's  earlier  observations, 
that  a  gentle  and  continuous  movement  of  bouillon  tubes  In 
which  anthrax  bacilli  arc  being  incubated  furnishes  more 
abundant  bacterial  growths  than  those  obtained  by  the  usual 
methods.  This  is  true  of  other  germs  as  well.  The  microbes 
present  more  important  modifications  of  form.  They  are 
shorter  than  those  grown  by  the  usual  method,  they  stain  less' 
readily,  and  arc  poor  in  spores.  The  culture  medium  also 
appears  more  viscous  and  more  deeply  colored.  The  virulence 
of  the  organisms  does  not  seem  to  be  lessened.  The  explana- 
tion given  is  that  the  movement  establishes  a  better  contact 
between  the  bacilli  and  the  nutritive  medium,  and  disperses 
the  toxic  products  which  the  bacteria  secrete,  and  which,  in  a 
quiet  medium,  accumulate  in  their  neighborhood  and  destroy 
the  powers  of  assimilation.  (Lucet,  Ann.  Med.  Vet.,  through 
Pharm.  J.,  \'ol.  93,  p.  9.) 
Scillitin,  Active  Principle  of  Squill — 

The  author  states  that  he  has  isolated  the  active  principle  of 
squill,  other  substances  hitherto  reported  as  being  such  having 
proved  indefinite.  It  is  an  amorphous  glucoside,  of  the  formula 
CijHjbOc.  to  which  the  name  scillitin  has  been  given.  It  is  a 
very  light,  non-hygroscopic,  intensely  bitter  powder,  soluble  in 
the  saturated  alcohols  of  the  fatty  series,  sparingly  soluble  in 
water,  and  insoluble  in  the  ordinary  organic  solvents.  It  melts 
at  152-154°.  On  hydrolysis  with  acids  or  alkalies  it  yields 
glucose  and  highly  colored  hydrolysis  products,  which  cannot 
be  obtained  crystalline.  (Kopaczewski,  Comptes  rend.,  1914, 
p.  1520;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Bacteriological  Purity  of  Pepsin — 

Six  samples  of  powdered  pepsin  and  five  samples  of  scale 
pepsin  were  examined  for  physical  characteristics  and  bac- 
teriological contamination.  The  odor  varied  from  the  charac- 
teristic pepsin  odor  to  a  strong  and  unpleasant  smell.  Broth 
cultures  after  24  hours  produced,  in  four  samples,  unpleasant 
or  foul  odors,  and  eight  showed  Gram-positive  bacilli.  From 
the  broth  cultures  growths  were  made  on  agar,  in  litmus-milk 
(anaerobic),  and  on  gelatin.  Agar  showed  in  most  cases  pro- 
fuse growths  of  B.  subtilis,  mesentcricus,  and  megalerium.  In 
the  milk  tests,  the  pepsins  which  had  an  acid  reaction  gave  the 
most  satisfactory  results.  On  gelatin,  some  moulds  were  formed, 
and  liquefaction  took  place  in  every  sample  except  one.  It 
appears  that  the  bacteriological  purity  of  commercial  pepsin 
is  far  from  satisfactory,  and  that  it  may  be  improved  by  the 
presence  of  free  acid,  and  by  sterilizing  with  chloroform. 
(Quant,  Pharm.  J.,  Vol.  93,  p.  120.) 
Glucosides  in  Orchids — 

Zeller  having  recently  called  attention  to  the  reducing  sugar 
found  in  Neottia,  Bourquelot  has  undertaken  an  extended  in- 
vestigation into  the  presence  of  hydrolyzable  glucosides  in 
various  species  of  the  Orchidcae.  Extracts  of  the  aerial  por- 
tions of  the  plant,  prepared  with  boiling  alcohol,  were  sub- 
mitted to  the  action  of  invertin  and  emulsin,  and  the  amount 
of  sugar  produced  was  determined.  Each  cc.  of  extract  rep- 
resented one  g.  of  fresh  plant.  The  percentage  of  reducing 
sugars  found  varied  from  1.5  to  4.0.  The  plants,  of  which  18 
species  were  examined,  divided  themselves  into  two  groups, 
one  yielding  dextrorotatory  solutions,  and  the  other  laevorotatory. 
The  inde.x  of  reduction  seems  to  show  that  cane  sugar  is 
present  in  the  majority  of  cases,  with  the  notable  exception 
of  Neottia.  (Bourquelot  and  Bridel,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  Vol. 
10,  p.  66.) 
Dangers  from  Bacteria  on  Microscopic  Slides — 

The  opinion  is  general  that  preparations  of  micro-organisms, 
stained  and  dried,  are  incapable  of  reproduction,  and  are  there- 
fore harmless.  That  this  is  erroneous  has  been  shown  by 
several  serious  infections  which  have  arisen  from  handling  old 
slides  and  cover  glasses.  Thurn  finds  that  of  the  sporeless 
bacteria,  such  as  micrococcus,  coli,  typhus,  the  vegetative  cells 
of  anthrax,  cholera,  diphtheria,  and  yeast,  when  dried  and 
prepared  in  the  usual  manner,  all  were  reproductive  after  24 
hours,  the  majority  after  four  days,  and  some  even  after  26 
days.  Drawing  the  slides  thrice  through  a  flame  does  not 
appear  to  exercise  any  great  inhibitory  effect.    k\  56°   in  the 


thermostat,  nearly  all  the  preparations  lived  for  30  minutes. 
At  80°  nearly  all  were  killed.  At  100°  a  few  were  still  active, 
anthrax  being  the  most  resistant.  Staining  in  methylene  blue 
or  fuchsin  for  five  minutes  does  not  kill.  Diphtheria  material 
treated  with  acetic  acid  and  methylene  blue  is  not  reproductive. 
The  Gram  stain  kills  all  vegetative  cells.  (Thurn,  Centralbl. 
f.   Bakteriol.,    1914,   p.  81.) 

Constituents  of  Purple   Gentian — 

This  plant,  which  is  official  in  the  German  Pharmacopoeia, 
is  shown  by  Bridel  to  contain  the  same  constituents,  in  about 
the  same  proportions,  as  the  commonly  used  Gcntiana  lutea, 
and  may  be  substituted  for  the  latter  where  it  can  be  easily 
obtained.  Specimens  of  the  wild  plant,  gathered  in  the  Little 
Saint  Bernard,  yielded  about  13  g.  of  gcntiopicrine  per  kilo 
of  fresh  root.  The  wild  root  contains  about  twice  as  much 
of  hvdrolyzable  constituents  as  the  cultivated  root.  (Bridel, 
J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  Vol.  10,  p.  62.) 

Preparation  of  Heroin  Solutions — 

In  makiof;  up  .solutions  of  hcniin  hydrochloride,  Fleissig  uses 
the  pure  base  instead  of  the  salt.  The  molecular  weight  of 
diacetyl-morphine  is  369.21,  and  each  mol  requires  36.46  g.  of 
hydrochloric  acid.  If  the  ordinary  10  per  cent,  of  the  pharmacy 
is  used,  3.69  g.  of  heroin  requires  3.65  g.  of  dilute  acid.  One  g. 
of  heroin  requires  0.0898  g.  of  HCl.  For  preparing  100  cc.  of 
a  1  per  cent,  solution  of  heroin  hydrochloride,  use  0.9102  g.  of 
heroin,  and  0.898  g.  of  dilute  hydrochloric  acid,  with  distilled 
water  to  make  100  cc.  Since  the  price  of  heroin  and  its  hydro- 
chloride is  the  same  in  Germany,  but  about  10  per  cent,  less  of 
the  former  is  used.  Hie  price  of  the  solutions  prepared  by  this 
method  is  lowered  by  about  10  per  cent.  (Fleissig,  Schweiz. 
Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  427.) 

New  Test  for  Morphine — 

If  to  a  solution  of  morphine  a  few  drops  of  hydrogen  pe- 
roxide are  added,  with  a  little  strong  ammonia,  and  the  mixture 
stirred  with  a  copper  wire,  the  previously  colorless  solution 
assumes  a  deep  port  wine  tint,  with  considerable  evolution  of 
gas.  The  test  is  said  to  be  sensitive  to  0.00002  g.  of  morphine. 
When  very  small  amounts  are  present,  it  is  necessary  to  add 
a  little  potassium  cyanide  to  remove  any  blue  color  from  the 
copper,  adding  the  cyanide  after  the  copper  is  inserted.  iMono- 
methylamine  can  be  used  instead  of  ammonia,  but  caustic  soda 
will  not  give  the  color.  Codeine  and  dionine,  impossible  to 
distinguish  from  morphine  by  ordinary  tests,  do  not  give  the 
reaction;  apomorphine  gives  an  orange  color.  (Oliver,  !Med. 
Chron.,  through  Chem.  Drug.,  1914,  p.  249. 
Physiological  Test  for  Male  Fern — 

Yiigi  uses  rain  worms  for  this  test,  and  injects  under  the 
muscular  skin  the  solution  to  be  tried.  Paralysis  of  the 
muscle  can  be  observed  at  the  point  of  application.  This  gives 
an  indication  of  the  qualitative  effect.  Quantitatively,  the  test 
cannot  be  used,  as  the  action  is  not  strictly  localized.  But  a 
limit  of  toxicity  may  be  established  by  immersing  rain  worms 
in  the  solution  to  be  tested.  There  is  then  a  close  parallelism 
between  the  toxicity  and  the  time  in  which  the  worms  perish. 
The  absolute  limit  for  Filmaron  was  found  to  be  0.0003  per 
cent.,  while  the  limits  for  filicic  acid  and  albaspidin  were  re- 
spectively 0.0004  and  0.001  per  cent.  The  method  can  also  be 
used  to  follow  the  rate  of  decomposition  under  various  condi- 
tions of  keeping.  (Vagi,  Z.  exper.  Med.,  1914,  p.  64.) 
Impurity  m  Potassium  Carbonate — 

Kohen  noticed  tliat  samples  of  potassium  carbonate  which 
gave  a  weak  reaction  with  silver  nitrate  and  nitric  acid,  gave 
a  much  stronger  test  after  being  glowed  in  a  crucible.  This 
effect  is  due  to  their  content  in  potassium  chlorate.  The  lat- 
ter is  formed  in  the  electrolytic  tanks  which  produce  caustic 
potash  from  potassium  chloride  solutions.  Proof  of  its  pres- 
ence can  be  had  by  adding  potassium  iodide-starch  paste  to 
the  solution  acidified  with  nitric  acid,  or  by  comparing  the 
reaction  with  silver  nitrate  in  the  original  salt  with  the  reaction 
obtained  after  treating  it  with  ferrous  sulphate  in  acid  solution. 
(Kohen,  Chem  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  898.) 
Adulterated  Drugs — 

Some  adulterations  recently  noticed  by  Labbe  were:  Iodoform 
containing  40  per  cent,  of  picric  acid;  cacao  butter  containing 
lard;  minium  mi.xed  with  colored  lead  carbonate;  wax  consisting 
of  82  per  cent,  of  potato  starch,  17  per  cent,  of  lard,  coloring 
matter,  and  odorous  substances;  and  camphor  containing  20 
per  cent,  of  sugar.  (Labbe,  Bull.  Sci.  Pharmacolog.,  1913,  p. 
343.) 


September.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


419 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department   from   non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if   not    out    of    print,    may    be    obtained    for   25    cents    each. 

Treatment  for  Reducing-  and  Increasing  Weigtit. 

(C.  &  M.  Co.) — "Please  furnish  us  a  formula  for  reducing 
weight  and  also  for  increasing  weight." 

The  queries  you  propound  are  of  the  class  that  should  be 
answered  by  a  competent  physician,  rather  than  by  the  phar- 
macist. Most  frequently  these  conditions  are  induced  by  sys- 
temic disturbances  which  can  only  be  intelligently  treated  by 
a  physician,  and  who  would  begin  his  effort  by  attempting  to 
remove  the  cause,  which,  if  accomplished,  the  disease  will 
disappear.  However,  in  a  general  way,  excessive  corpulency 
is  frequently  due  to  lack  of  e.xercise,  over-eating — especially 
of  the  fat-forming  foods — and  great  activity  of  the  fat-making 
organs  of  the  body.  The  best  results  have  been  obtained  by 
following  a  system  of  dieting,  and  abstaining  from  foods  con- 
taining fat,  starch  or  sugar.  Water  is  fattening,  and  its  use 
should  generally  be  restricted  by  those  inclined  to  obesity. 
Animal  food,  whole-wheat  bread,  and  green  vegetables  are  not 
fattening  as  a  rule,  and  should  be  selected  for  food  when  it  is 
desired  to  reduce  the  weight.  Alkaline  mineral  waters,  with 
exercise  and  dieting,  have  been  found  serviceable.  Potassium 
permanganate  has  also  been  recommended  by  some  authorities 
in  doses  of  ]/i  to  1  grain  in  distilled  water,  three  times  a  day. 
Fucus  vesiculosus,  or  bladderwrack,  has  been  used  for  years 
for  the  purpose,  its  value,  it  is  said,  depending  on  the  amount 
of  sodium  iodide  it  contains.  This  seaweed  is  generally  the 
basis  of  most  of  the  so-called  "anti-fat"  combinations  on  the 
market.  Pokeroot  in  one  form  or  another  is  also  a  claimant 
for  recognition.  In  many  cases,  daily  exercise  in  the  open 
air  is  necessarj',  and  this  of  itself,  if  carried  on  systematically 
and  accompanied  by  a  just  discrimination  as  to  one's  dietary, 
would  seem  to  be  the  most  efficient  and  least  injurious  method 
of  reducing  an  excess  of  adipose  tissue.  .\s  stated  above, 
corpulency  is  sometimes  brought  on  by  disease  or  other  sys- 
temic disturbance,  and  it  is  very  plain  that  any  course  of 
treatment  should  be  under  the  guidance  of  a  competent 
physician. 

Within  certain  limits,  the  ability  to  consume  and  digest  fat- 
forming  foods  tends  to  increase  the  body  weight,  while,  on 
the  other  hand,  the  lack  of  flesh  is  often  due  to  anemia  or 
impoverished  condition  of  the  blood.  But  here,  likewise,  the 
cause  needs  to  be  treated,  the  physician  having  a  wide  range 
of  the  materia  medica  to  select  from,  a  simple  tonic  frequently 
being  all  that  is  necessary.  In  recent  years  lecithin  in  its 
various  forms  and  combinations  has  been  extensively  pre- 
scribed as  a  "fat-former,"  although  many  older  physicians  still 
pin  their  faith  on  the  administration  of  cod  liver  oil  or  other 
remedy.  From  these  considerations,  you  will  recognize  the 
H-'^culties  in  the  way  of  attempting  to  give  a  satisfactorj' 
-inula   for   the   treatment   of  the   conditions   named. 


Kesilvering    Mirrors. 

(J.D.Co.) — We  have  frequently  published  processes  for 
silvering  mirrors  in  the  Era,  and  various  formulas  may  be 
found  by  consulting  the  indexes  to  previous  volumes.  How- 
ever,  to  help  you  out  we  reproduce   the  following: 

1.  Clean  the  bare  portion  of  the  glass  by  rubbing  it  gently 
with  fine  cotton,  taking  care  to  remove  any  trace  of  dust  or 
grease.  If  this  cleaning  be  not  done  carefully,  defects  will 
appear  around  the  place  repaired.  With  the  point  of  a  knife 
cut  upon  the  back  of  another  looking-glass  around  a  portion 
of  the  silvering  of  the  required  form,  but  a  little  larger.  Upon 
it  place  a  small  drop  of  mercury ;  a  drop  of  the  size  of  a  pin's 
head  will  be  sufficient  for  a  surface  equal  to  the  size  of  the 
head  of  a  nail.     The  mercury  spreads  immediately,   penetrates 


the  amalgam  to  where  it  was  cut  off  with  the  knife,  and  the 
required  piece  may  be  now  lifted  and  removed  to  the  place 
to  be  repaired.  This  is  the  most  difficult  part  of  the  opera- 
tion. Then  press  lightly  the  new  portion  with  a  piece  of 
cottt)n;  it  hardens  almost  immediately,  and  the  glass  presents 
the  same  appearance  as  a  new  one. 

2.  Pour  upon  a  sheet  of  tinfoil  about  3  drams  of  quick- 
silver to  the  square  foot  of  foil.  Rub  smartly  with  a  piece  of 
buckskin,  until  the  foil  becomes  brilliant.  Lay  the  glass  upon 
a  flat  table,  face  downward;  place  the  foil  upon  the  damaged 
portion  of  the  glass;  lay  a  piece  of  paper  over  the  foil  and 
place  it  upon  a  block  of  wood  or  piece  of  marble  with  a  per- 
fectly flat  surface;  put  upon  it  a  sufficient  weight  to  press  it 
down  tight ;  let  it  remain  in  this  position  for  a  few  hours. 
The  foil  will  adhere  to  the  glass. 

For  an  outline  of  a  silvering  process,  see  the  Era  of  Janu- 
ary 9,  1908,  page  40. 


Hair  and  Scalp  Remedy. 
(J..A..H.CO.) — "Please    give   us   a   formula    for   a   lotion   to 
stop  excessive  oily  hair  and  scalp,  a  preparation  that  will  not 
injure  the  hair  or  scalp." 

The  following  formulas  have  been  recommended  by  a  spe- 
cialist for  conditions  similar  to  those  described  and  we  give 
them  for  what  they  are  worth: 

Unna'   Spiritus   Capillorum. 

Resorcin     100  grains 

Castor   oil    2J4  fi.  drams 

Cologne    water    3  fl.  ounces 

Alcohol    12^  fl.  ounces 

Mix.  After  thoroughly  washing  the  hair  with  a  neutral  soft 
soap  solution,  apply  the  above  lotion  once  a  day  to  the  roots 
of  the  hair.  In  the  washing  process  all  soap  and  alkali  should 
be  removed  before  applying  the  lotion,  or  the  latter  may  cause 
a  change  in  color.  A  somewhat  similar  preparation  is: 
Gessner's  Lotion  for  the  Hair. 

Resorcin    3  drams 

Chloral   hydrate    3  drams 

Tannic    acid    4  drams 

Tincture   of   benzoin 1   fl.  dram 

Castor   oil    4  fl.  drams 

.Mcohol,    enough    to   make 14  fl.  ounces 

Mix.    Apply  once  a  day  to  the  roots  of  the  hair. 


"Gray  Beard." 

(B.D.) — We  are  unable  to  locate  any  manufactured  article 
under  the  name  "gray  beard."  Various  botanical  lexicons, 
however,  give  the  name  as  a  sj-nonym  both  for  Clematis  vitalba 
(Virgin's  bower),  and  Hydrangea  quercifolia  (Old-man's 
beard).  For  the  therapy  of  the  first-named,  see  the  U.S. 
Dispensatory,  last  edition,  page  1450.  We  are  unable  to  find 
any  other  reference  to  this  name  in  the  literature  at  our 
command. 


Exterminating   Buffalo   Bugs. 

(A. M.S.) — By  the  term  "Buffalo  bugs"  we  presume  you 
mean  the  well-known  "Buffalo  carpet  bug,"  so-called  on  ac- 
count of  its  predilection  for  destroying  floor  coverings.  For 
the  extermination  of  the  bugs,  benzine,  kerosene  and  good 
insect  powder  appear  to  be  the  most  efficacious,  although 
various  other  substances  have  been  recommended.  Carpets 
which  are  infested  may  be  soaked  in  gasoline,  which,  if  of 
good  quality,  will  leave  no  odor  or  stain.  When  carpets  are 
taken  up,  it  is  a  good  plan  to  pack  all  cracks  in  the  floor  with 
cotton,  which  should  then  be  saturated  with  gasoline.  When 
the  larvae  are  found  to  be  injuring  furs  or  clothes  hung  in 
the  closet,  it  is  best  to  use  insect  powder.  It  is  also  stated 
that  the  insects  can  be  destroyed  by  laying  a  wet  sheet  on  top 
of  the  carpet  and  passing  a  hot  flatiron  over  it,  the  steam  thus 
produced,  destroying  the  grub. 

The  late  Dr.  Riley  ("Injurious  Insects  and  the  Use  of 
Insecticides")    recommended   the   following   treatment;   Bare   as 


420 


TllK    PIIAKMArKrTTCAL    ERA 


[September,  1914 


many  rooms  as  possible  at  house-cleaning  time,  and  after  care- 
fully removing  all  dust,  spray  benzine  with  an  atomizer  into 
all  of  the  floor  cracks  and  under  the  baseboards  until  every 
crevice  has  been  reached.  After  thoroughly  beating  the  carpets 
they  should  also,  in  the  same  manner,  be  sprayed  with  the 
benzine,  whicli  will  quickly  evaporate  after  a  short  time  and 
leave  no  odor.  The  inflammability  of  benzine,  however,  should 
be  remembered,  and  no  light  should  be  brought  near  it. 
Fumia.itioii   with   formaldehyde  has  also   been   recommeiuled. 

Dewees'  Emmenag-ogue  Elixir. 
(G.E.J.) — In  further  reply  to  your  query,  this  journal,  last 
month,  page  o71,  W.  S.  Bryan,  Ramey,  Pa.,  gives  the  following 
which  he  states  is  the  correct  formula  for  "Dewees'  Emmena- 
gogue  Eli.\ir": 

Tincture  of  ferric  chloride 3  f5.  drams 

Tincture  of  cantharides 1  fJ.  dram 

Tincture  of  guaiac,  ammoniated Yi  fl.  dram 

Tincture  of  aloes 54  fl.  ounce 

Syrup,  enough  to  make 6  fl.  ounces 

Mi.\.  One  teaspoonful  three  times  a  day. 
Mr.  Bryan  states  that  this  formula  appears  in  Hare's  "Prac- 
tical Therapeutics."  edition  of  1004,  page  564.  This  is  un- 
doubtedly the  formula  wanted,  although  in  tlie  reference  cited 
the  title  used  is  "Dewees'  Emmenagogue  Mixture,"  not  "elixir," 
as  given  in  the  query.  According  to  Hare,  the  formula  has 
been  largely  employed  in  functional  and  organic  amenorrhoca. 

Acid  Ink  Kemover. 
(W.H.X.) — If  we  understood  your  inquin,'  correctly,  you 
want  an  "acid"  to  remove  ink  from  paper  that  has  been  written 
upon.  In  suggesting  a  reply  it  must  be  said  that  on  general 
principles,  the  ink  must  be  treated  according  to  its  composi- 
tion, but  for  the  old-fashioned  tannate  of  iron  ink,  oxalic  acid 
is  usually  best  suited  for  the  purpose.  For  many  of  the  more 
modem  inks  containing  aniline  derivatives,  otlier  treatment  is 
nicessrry,  but  the  writing  of  many  of  such  inks  can  be  removed 
by  the  repeated  application  of  a  strong  solution  of  tartaric  acid. 
Here  arc  two  formulas: 

(1) 

Oxalic   acid    1  ounce 

Water   1  pint 

Dissolve.  Dip  the  writing  or  stain  in  this  solution,  using  at 
first  the  solution  somewhat  diluted  with  water. 

(2) 

Tartaric    acid    1   ounce 

Alum    1   ounce 

Water    4  ounces    ' 

^lix  and  dissolve. 

For  ordinary  tanno-gallate  of  iron  inks  you  can  also  use  a 
solution  of  chloride  of  tin.  1  part,  to  water,  3  parts;  or  pure 
muriatic  acid,  1  part,  to  water,  10  parts.  Apply  with  a  camel's 
hair  brush  and  then  wash  with  cold  water. 


Kitchen   Cleanser. 

(J.X.M.)- — We  are  not  familiar  with  the  proprietary 
cleanser  to  which  you  refer,  but  from  what  you  tell  us  we 
strongly  suspect  that  the  alkali  employed  in  the  powder  is 
either  soda  ash  or  sal  soda  (washing  soda),  which,  for  the 
purpose  intended,  are  as  good  cleaning  agents  as  any  and  are 
cheaper  commercially  than  pearlash  or  other  impure  com- 
pounds of  potash. 

.\  typical  washing  powder  for  cleansing  and  scouring  pur- 
poses is  the  following: 

Sodium  carbonate  (sal  soda) 6  parts 

Soda  ash    3  parts 

Mix. 

Some  manufacturers  combine  these  powders  with  ordinary 
curd  soap  by  crutching  the  soda  compounds  into  the  soap  in  a 
melted  condition,  but  not  boiling,  then  spreading  the  mixture 
out  on  sheets  of  iron  in  a  cool  room  in  thin  layers,  frequently 
turning  the  mass  with  a  shovel  to  break  down  the  mixture, 
which  is  finally  rubbed  through  a  sieve  or  series  of  sieves  to 
reduce  it  to  pulverulent  form.  Other  substances  sometimes 
used  in  these  combinations  are  lime,  sodium  silicate  and  borax, 
but  so  far  as  we  are  aware  sodium  carbonate  in  some  one  of 
its  commercial  forms  is  an  active  ingredient.  As  a  rule,  the 
commercial  fabrication  of  these  powders  requires  special  ma- 
chinery, and  they  cannot  be  made  except  in  large  factories. 


Lozenges  for  Throat  Dryness. 

(J..\.H.) — "Please  publish  some  formulas  for  lozenges  or 
troches  for  throat  dryness,  hoarseness,  etc.,  containing  no 
cocaine,  morphine  or  codeine." 

Try  one  of  tlie  following  from  the  new  Era  Formulary: 

I'luidextract    of    pyrcthrum.., 'ri  minim 

Pilocarpine   hydrochloride    1/32    grain 

Extract  of  licorice,   pure 2  grains 

.-\cacia    2  grains 

Glycerin    1   minim 

Sugar,   enough   to  make 20  grains 

For  one  lozenge. 

These  lozenges  are  said  to  give  great  relief  from  the  un- 
comfortable sensations  of  heat  and  dryness  which  characterize 
many  acute  and  chronic  affections  of  the  mucous  membrane 
of  the  throat  and  mouth,  and  one  is  used  every  2,  3  or  4 
hours,  as  necessary;  but  if  used  very  freely,  the  quantity  of 
pilocarpine   should    be   reduced. 

2.    (Pectoral  Tablets.) 

Purified  extract  of  licorice 100.0  parts 

Sugar    25.0  parts 

.■\mmonium  chloride    12.5  parts 

Glycerin    6.0  parts 

Tragacanth    5.0  parts 

Powdered   licorice,   a  sufficient  quantity. 
Mix   and   make    into   a    mass,    then    form    into   tablets    of    5 
grains  each. 

These  formulas  are  typical  of  dozens  that  have  been  pub- 
lished, and  the  selection  of  any  particular  one  to  meet  certain 
conditions  is  largely  a  question  of  individual  preference. 


Potassium  Chlorate  Tooth  Paste. 
(H.L.J.) — The  trouble  you  have  experienced  by  the  finished 
product  settling  and  the  liquid  rising  to  the  top,  thereby  ren- 
dering your  tooth  paste  unsalable,  is  undoubtedly  due  to  the 
large  proportion  of  glycerin  in  the  aqueous  mixture  used  as  an 
e.xcipient.  Glycerin  for  this  purpose  should  be  diluted  with 
three  times  its  volume  of  water,  for '  when  used  alone,  or 
slightly  diluted  with  water  and  mixed  with  the  other  ingredi- 
ents to  form  a  paste,  it  attracts  moisture  and  tends  to  separate 
just  as  you  have  described.  In  fact,  if  you  were  to  reverse  the 
quantities  of  glycerin  and  water  prescribed,  and  use  22  parts 
of  glycerin  and  84  of  water,  the  final  result  would  be  more 
satisfactory.  Some  experience  is  necessary,  however,  in  using 
the  e.xcipient,  and  ,the  exact  amount  necessary  to  produce  a 
paste  of  a  given  degree  of  consistency  cannot  always  be  pre- 
determined. The  other  substances  composing  the  powder  should 
be  thoroughly  mixed  and  sifted  and  then  massed,  using  only 
enough  of  the  prepared  e.xcipient  to  reduce  the  mixture  to 
proper  paste  form.  From  your  letter  we  get  the  impression 
that  your  main  difficulty  is  due  to  the  presence  of  too  much 
excipient.  .\  formula  of  this  character  cannot  be  blindly  fol- 
lowed, but  must  be  adapted  to  the  character  of  materials  em- 
ployed, as  experience  and  judgment  may  dictate.  We  think  you 
will  have  no  difficulty  if  you  will  prepare  an  excipient  of  the 
strength  we  have  indicated,  and  then  after  mixing  your  powder, 
disregard  the  quantity  directed  in  the  formula,  and  use  only 
enough  to  make  the  paste  of  the  desired  consistency. 

Lice  Powder  for  Poultry. 
(E.C..\.) — Sulphur  either  alone  or  in  combination  is  the 
remedy  usually  recommended  in  powder  form  as  an  extermina- 
tor for  lice  on  poultry.  In  the  form  of  "flower;"  it  is  dusted 
into  the  feathers;  sawdust  moistened  with  p'^trolcum  ether 
(benzene)  or  carbolic  acid  may  be  simiUi'ly  employed.  A 
much  more  effective  remedy  is  the  following,  which,  however, 
is  not  in  the  form  of  powder,  but  is  a  liquid : 

Gas    tar    '/j  pint 

Sodium   hydrate    2  ounces 

Sulphur    Yn  pound 

Resin    2  ounces 

Water,   enough  to  make 1   gallon 

Boil  the  tar  with  the  soda  and  some  of  the  water.  Add  the 
resin;  after  dissolving,  add  the  sulphur  and  the  balance  of  the 
water.  The  author  of  the  formula  states  that  this  mixture  can 
be  sold  at  a  dollar  a  gallon,  and  will  kill  the  spider  louse  and 
all  of  the  body  lice  that  infect  poultry.  Apply  to  the  roots, 
walls,  etc.,  with  a  brush  or  whisk  broom. 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


421 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 

Featuring  a  Line  of  Women's  Specials — How  to  List 


Goods    for    Supplying    the    Intimate    Needs    of    Womankind 
Belong  in  a  Drug  Store — Hints  on  Promoting  This  Trade. 

THE  woman  pharmacist  has  a  highly  profitable  field  before 
her,  if  she  chooses  to  cultivate  it  intensively.  It  is  a  field 
peculiarly  her  own,  which  has  been  largely  absorbed  by 
the  department  stores,  because  there  were  always  women  on 
hand  to  serve  women  customers.  This  has  drawn  and  held 
their  trade  on  some  lines  of  goods. 

The  goods — a  line  supplying  the  intimate  needs  of  woman- 
kind— belong  in  a  drug  store.  The  woman  pharmacist  is  a 
judge  of  quality,  and  is  prepared  to  serve  with  intelligence  and 
interest.  The  trade  is  profitable,  and  once  the  habit  is  formed 
of  coming  to  a  certain  store  for  these  things,  it  will  indeed  be 
strong  reasons  which  will  lure  customers  elsewhere. 

It  has  long  been  supposed  that  it  is  enough  to  have  such 
goods  in  stock  ready  for  delivery  if  they  are  called  for,  and 
so  they  have  been  placed  alongside  other  goods  on  the  shelves. 
This,  in  itself,  is  often  a  mistake,  as  the  following  incident 
will  show: 

Miss  M  went  into  Blank's  pharmacy  and  proceeded  directly 
to  the  young  woman  pharmacist  who  was  a  business  partner 
in  the  establishment.  She  made  a  quiet  request  for  a  certain 
package  of  goods  and  the  young  woman  behind  the  counter 
promptly  turned  to  the  shelves.  The  stock  wanted  was  higher 
than  she  could  reach  conveniently  and  a  courteous  young  man 
clerk  handed  down  the  goods.  Both  girls  flushed  instinctively, 
though  they  conducted  themselves  with  utmost  modesty  and 
decorum.  Miss  M  afterwards  declared  she  would  never  go 
there  again  to  supply  similar  wants  if  a  department  store  were 
open. 

A  good  way  to  overcome  a  difficulty  of  this  nature  or  rather 
to  forestall  it,  is  to  devote  a  roomy  case  to  goods  used  only 
by  w'omen.  It  may  contain  a  varied  assortment  from  rubber 
gloves  to  bathing  caps. 

Make  a  complete  alphabetical  list  of  the  stock  carried  in 
that  section  and  have  a  neatly  printed  folder  prepared.  En- 
close this  to  a  selected  mailing  list  of  women  customers  with 
a  letter  personally  signed  by  the  woman  pharmacist  herself. 
The  letter  may  be  along  these  lines: 
My  Dear  Mrs.  SinTH  : 

I  am  taking  the  liberty  of  writing  you  at  this  time, 
believing  that  you  will  be  glad  to  know  that  we  carry 
a  complete  line  of  goods  to  meet  all  the  personal  re- 
quirements of  a  woman  of  refinement. 

These  are  grouped  together  in  one  section  and  there 
is  always  a  competent  woman  attendant  on  hand  to 
serve  you.  The  enclosed  list  will  show  you  the  nature 
of  the  goods  assembled  in  our  Women's  Department. 
Whatever  you  may  happen  to  want  can  be  secured 
without  delay,  publicity,  or  embarrassment  at  any  time. 
From  our  buying  connection  with  the  largest  and 
most  strictly  high-grade  manufactiuring  houses  in  the 
country,  we  are  able  to  make  careful  and  discriminat- 
ing choice  of  goods  and  to  offer  them  at  prices  that 
are  right. 

Then,  too,  there  are  as  many  roads  to  our  store  as 
there  are  telephones  in  the  city.  Ask  for  Miss  Brown, 
and  I  will  gladly  take  your  order  for  speedy  delivery. 
Assuring  you  of  our  cordial  appreciation  of  your 
past  favors  and  soliciting  your  future  patronage  in 
our  line,  we  are. 

Yours  very  truly. 

Miss  K.-mherixe  Bro\\-x,  Ph.G., 

of   the   firm   of 
Leo,  Brown-  S:  Leo, 

Cor.  South  and  Broadway. 
Of    course,    the    women'    department    may    include    a    wide 
variety  of  interests,  and  it  is  all  the  better  that  it  should  do  so. 


The  same  folders  may  be  used  to  enclose  in  packages  going 
out  of  the  store,  and  so  make  the  department  more  widely 
known. 

There  is  a  large  bulk  of  women's  trade  of  this  kind  which 
is  scattered  without  the  druggist  getting  as  much  benefit  there- 
from as  he  should.  How  much  of  this  trade  are  you  getting? 
It  is  not  so  much  to  the  point  to  ask,  whose  fault  is  it,  as  to 
inquire,  how  can  this  trade  be  brought  back  and  held? 

■That  it  can  be  done  is  being  proved  by  some  of  our  wide- 
awake women  pharmacists,  the  ones  who  are  on  the  alert  for 
profitable  opportunities  and  ready  to  e.xert  a  little  ingenuity 
and  perseverance  to  make  them  their  own. 

Then  the  fact  is  not  to  be  overlooked  that  every  satisfied 
customer  in  one  department  is  sure  sooner  or  later  to  become  a 
customer  in  all  departments. 

The  "women's  specials"  makes  an  excellent  entering  wedge. 


A  Young  Lady  of  the  East  and  West. 


MISS  EDITH  C.^RLYLE  PELOUBET  is  at  the  present 
time  a  resident  of  the  beautiful  town  of  Waverly,  N.  Y. 
She  w'as  born  in  New  York  City  in  1894,  so  a  little 
computation  will  show  that  the  term  "young  lady''  will  apply  to 
this  fair  professional  worker. 

In  1902  Miss  Peloubet  moved  to  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.,  receiving  her  education  in 
the  grammar,  high  school,  the  Univer- 
sity of  Southern  California  Preparatory 
School,  (and  also)  College  of  Pharmacy 
of  that  institution.  Miss  Peloubet  en- 
tered the  School  of  Pharmacy  in  1910 
and  graduated  two  years  later  with  the 
degree  of  Ph .  C.  She  worked  for  and 
received  the  most  of  her  practical  ex- 
perience with  J.  G.  Vance,  of  the  city 
of  Los  Angeles.  She  passed  the  ex- 
amination for  assistant  druggist  in  Cali- 
fornia July,   1913. 

With  a  brilliant  future  before  her  in 
the  Golden  West,  circumstances  arose 
which  made  it  advisable  for  her  to 
come    back    to   the    State    of   her    birth. 

She  soon  became  connected  with  the  Terbell-Calkins  Drug 
Company,  and  later  went  to  work  for  L.  E.  IngersoU  in 
Elmira,  New  York. 

Miss  Peloubet  became  registered  in  New  York  City  in  June, 
1914,  passing  the  examination  for  druggist  with  an  average 
of  93  per  cent.  For  one  so  young  in  years,  this  lady  has  made 
a  fine  record  indeed.  Both  the  West  and  the  East  will  be  glad 
to  claim  her. 


Miss  E.  C.  Peloubet 


LOUISVILLE   FRESH   AIR   WORK. 


The  Louisville  Chapter  of  the  W.O.,  under  the  capable 
leadership  of  Miss  Clara  Hulskamp,  is  continuing  its  interest 
in  the  fresh  air  w-ork  in  that  city.  The  chapter  held  its 
regular  monthly  meeting  on  Aug.  6,  and  considering  the  hot 
weather  and  vacation  time,  there  was  a  good  attendance.  Dr. 
Julia  Ingram,  the  woman  medical  adviser  of  the  Juvenile 
Court,  addressed  the  members.  She  spoke  of  this  branch  of 
the  court,  its  aims,  purposes  and  work;  also  of  the  probation 
officers  and  volunteer  probation  officers. 

The  woman  pharmacist  is  in  a  peculiarly  favorable  position 
for  rendering  valuable  assistance  along  these  lines.  She  is  able 
to  learn  a  great  deal  of  the  inside  history  of  families  concerned. 
Probational  work  and  Fresh  .Mr  organizations  form  only  two  of 
the  ever-growing  number  of  lines  of  her  activitv. 


422 


THE    PHARMACEUTIC^VL    ERA 


[September,  1914 


MES.   F.   E.   McBKIDE  HEADS  W.O.N.A.R.D. 


■Women's    Org-anization   Establishes   A   Scholarship— 

34  States  Are   Represented  in  Its  Membership. 

Mrs.  F.  E.  McBridc,  of  Youngstown,  Ohio,  was  elected 
president  of  the  Women's  Organization  ICalional  Association 
Retail  Druggists,  at  that  organization's  annual  convention,  held 
recently  at  the  Belle\-ue-Stratford  Hotel,  Philadelphia.  The 
other  officers  elected  are: 

First  vice-president,  Mrs.  B.  A.  C.  Hoelzer,  Chicago;  2d 
vice-president,  Miss  Clara  Hulscamp,  Louisville,  Ky.;  id  vice- 
president,  Mrs.  A.  C.  Pauly,  St.  Louis,  Mo.;  4th  vice-president. 
Miss  Nora  V.  Brendle,  Wilmington,  Del.;  5lh  vice-president, 
Mrs.  R.  G.  Rutherford,  Brooklyn,  N.Y.;  secretary,  Mrs.  Nellie 
Florence  Lee.  Philadelphia;  treasurer,  Mrs.  Otto  C.  Groenland, 
Cincinnati;  board  of  directors,  chairman,  Mrs.  J.  F.  Water- 
house,  New  Highlands,  Mass.:  Mrs.  Leslie  O.  Wallace,  Auburn, 
N.Y.:  Mrs  S.  A.  Eckstein,  Milwaukee;  Mrs.  Louis  Emanuel, 
Pittsburgh;  Mrs.  John  T.  Roc,  Mobile,  Ala.;  Mrs.  W.  E. 
Warn,  Keyport,  N.J.;  Mrs.  Charles  Brunstrom,  Moline,  111., 
and  Mrs.  Howard  A.  Pearce,  Providence,  R.I. 

Mrs.  Jessie  F.  Waterhouse  was  unanimously  nominated  for 
re-election  but  was  unable  to  serve. 

Article  V,  Section  4,  of  the  Constitution,  was  amended  so 
that  the  widow  of  a  registered  pharmacist  actively  engaged  in 
the  retail  drug  business  at  the  time  of  her  joining  the  organi- 
zation may  be  eligible  to  serve  as  a  delegate. 

A  resolution  was  adopted  expressing  to  Mrs.  Wm.  E.  Lee 
the  sympathy  of  the  members  anent  the  recent  death  of  her 
husband,  William  E.  Lee,  of  Philadelphia.  By  resolution,  it 
was  also  decided  to  continue  the  W.O.N. .A..R.D.  bulletin  and, 
if  possible,  to  increase  its  size.  The  action  of  most  importance 
taken  during  the  convention  was  the  establishment  of  a  travel- 
ing scholarship.  The  recipient  of  the  same  must  be  a  member 
of  the  W.O.N..-\.R.D.  or  the  daughter  or  sister  of  a  mem- 
ber, and  the  institution  chosen  must  be  a  recognized  college  of 
pharmacy  easily  accessible  to  the  woman  holding  the  scholar- 
ship. The  executive  committee  will  choose  the  recipient  from 
among  those  whose  names  are  presented  to  it  by  city  and  State 
chapters  or  by  individual  members. 

The  organization  reaffirmed  its  stand  as  to  Sunday  closing, 
foiest  conservation,  the  preservation  of  National  resources, 
child  labor,  unsightly  billboards,  cigarette  smoking  by  women, 
obscene  advertising,  \Tilgar  dancing,  etc.  The  executive  com- 
mittee was  empowered  to  offer  financial  assistance  to  the  Red 
Cross  Society  in  case  events  should  make  such  action  neces- 
sary. The  organization  as  a  whole  resolved  to  use  its  influence 
in  behalf  of  universal  peace.  The  secretary  was  instructed  to 
write  a  letter  of  sympathy  to  President  Wilson  relative  to  his 
recent  bereavement  and  to  express  to  him  the  organization's 
approval  of  his  peace  policy.  A  contribution  for  the  Red  Cross 
fund  was  collected  at  the  final  session  of  the  convention. 

A  handsome  bar  pin  of  pearls  and  sapphires  was  presented 
to  Mrs.  Jessie  F.  Waterhouse,  the  retiring  president. 

The  Women's  Organization  now  has  members  in  34  States 
and  it  is  hoped  that  the  entire  Union  will  be  represented 
before  the  1915  convention,  .^bout  150  delegates  registered  at 
this  convention  and  the  sessions  were  well  attended. 

A  handsome  seal  traveling  bag,  fully  equipped  with  ivory 
toilet  articles,  was  presented  to  Mrs.  W.  E.  Lee  by  the  mem- 
bers of  the  board  of  management  and  other  friends. 

Mrs.  McBride,  the  new  president,  is  one  of  the  charter 
members,  the  president  of  Youngstown  chapter  and  a  club 
woman  of  wide  experience.  She  will  fill  her  new  position  with 
dignity  and  efficiency. 

The  Milwaukee  chapter  won  the  beautiful  gold  and  white 
banner,  presented  each  year  to  the  chapter  having  made  the 
greatest  percentage  gain  during  the  previous  12  months.  Mil- 
waukee is  the  "baby  chapter"  and  it  had  almost  doubled  "in 
weight." 

Mrs.  Rutherford,  of  Brooklyn,  N.Y.,  the  oldest  woman 
pharmacist  in  the  United  States,  was  in  attendance  at  the 
convention.     She  is  5th  vice-president. 

The  $10  gold  medal  offered  annually  by  the  organization 
was  awarded  to  Miss  Frances  Hindman,  of  Washington  State 
University  C.P.,  whose  remarkable  record  warranted  the  honor 
bestowed  upon  her.  Several  others  were  close  to  her  in  the 
contest,  but  Miss  Hindman  was  ahead,  everything  considered. 
On  completing  her  five-vear  course  she  received  the  degree  of 


Master  of  Science,  in  pharmacy,  having  made  a  high  per- 
centage throughout  her  course. 

The  entertainment  features  for  the  women  attending  the 
convention  were  exceptionally  fine.  They  included  a  30-mile 
auto  ride,  a  tour  through  Wanamaker's  department  store,  to- 
getlier  with  an  introduction  to  Mr.  Wanamaker  himself;  a 
picnic  at  Willow  Grove,  a  reception  and  musical  entertainment 
by  Philadelphia  Chapter,  No.  6,  at  which  solid  silver  spoons 
were  given  to  all  visitors  as  souvenirs  of  the  occasion;  a  boat 
ride  on  the  Delaware  and  special  trips  to  historic  spots. 

The  financial  report  of  the  organization  showed  sufficient 
money  in  the  treasury  to  liquidate  all  bills  and  to  keep  a 
thousand-dollar  reserve  out  at  interest. 


SYMPATHY  FOR  MRS.  LEE. 


Nation-wide  sjTnpathy  for  Mrs.  William  Estelle  Lee  has 
been  expressed  in  the  hour  of  her  great  trial.  Mr.  Lee  wjis 
called  home,  July  20,  1914.  He  had  not  been  well  for  some 
time,  owing  to  attacks  of  heart  trouble,  but  few  thought  he 
was  so  near  the  end  of  his  journey,  for  he  entered  into  the 
preparations  for  the  great  N.A.R.D.  Convention  with  all 
his  usual  enthusiasm  and  earnestness. 

A  most  unassuming  man  of  sterling  worth  and  character,  a 
devoted  husband  and  father,  a  helpful,  loyal  friend,  a  thor- 
oughly dependable  business  man,  and  a  kind-hearted  neighbor 
has  been  summoned  to  his  last  reward.  The  heritage  of  such  a 
name  is  worth  more  than  silver  or  gold.  Mr.  Lee  leaves 
behind  him  to  mourn  his  loss  one  son.  Dr.  Walter  E.  Lee, 
and  his  widow.  Her  untiring  labors  in  behalf  of  the  women 
of  her  city,  the  women  of  her  husband's  profession,  and  the 
best  interests  of  the  profession  at  large  are  too  well  known  to 
need  remark.  In  all  her  work  she  has  been  aided  and  en- 
couraged by  Mr.  Lee's  sympathy  and   advice. 

The  offers  and  expressions  of  sympathy,  only  partially  ex- 
press %vhat  the  drug  people  in  the  United  States  feel  for  Mrs. 
Lee.  To  most  of  them  the  word  came  not  as  a  matter  of 
news,  but  as  the  announcement  of  a  personal  loss. 


liOTJISVELLE    CHAPTER    AIDS    CHILDREN. 


The  Louisville  Chapter  of  the  W.O.N.A.R.D.  held  its 
regular  monthly  meeting  at  the  Main  Library  July  2.  The 
chapter  voted  to  donate  five  dollars  to  the  Fresh  Air  Fund. 
This  fund  is  raised  in  the  city  by  popular  subscription  through 
the  efforts  of  one  of  the  local  papers.  The  object  of  the  work 
is  to  enable  mothers  with  small  children  who  are  in  poor 
circumstances  to  spend  a  two-weeks  vacation  in  the  country 
near  Louisville.     This  is  a  thoroughly  worth-while  object, 

Mrs.  J.  H.  Dickey,  chairman  of  the  press  committee  of  the 
Kentucky  Federation  of  Women's  Clubs,  addressed  the  mem- 
bers on  "Some  Phases  of  the  Federation." 

Mrs,  J.  V.  Calver,  the  national  organizer  of  the  W.O.  was 
also  present  and  gave  the  members  an  informal  talk  which 
was  thoroughly  enjoyed.  Later  Mrs.  Calver  w-as  entertained 
in  a  most  delightful  manner  by  the  members  at  the  Foutaine 
Ferry  Park.  The  outing  also  included  some  time  spent  in 
beautiful  Shawnee  Park  which  adjoins. 

The  members  are  also  planning  to  attend  the  Chautauqua 
to  be  held  at  Glenwood  Park  in  the  near  future.  A  number  of 
Louisville  people  are  planning  also  to  attend  the  N.A.R.D. 
convention  in  Philadelphia.  Miss  Clara  Hulskamp  is  the  presi- 
dent of  this  chapter. 


[Note — It  is  with  much  pleasure  that  we  read  of  the  interest 
of  the  organized  women  in  Fresh  Air  work.  The  editor  of 
this  department  has  the  privilege  at  the  present  time  of  serving 
as  president  of  the  Cayuga  County  Fresh  Air  Association. 
Last  Summer  upwards  of  250  children  were  given  two  weeks 
vacations,  most  of  these  coming  through  the  services  of  the 
Tribune  Fund  of  New  York  City.  This  fund  provides  for 
medical  inspection  and  transportation,  the  Cayuga  County 
Association  with  headquarters  at  .\ubum,  New  York,  furnish- 
ing entertainment,  and  where  it  is  necessary  clothing  for  the 
children.  At  the  present  time  two  colonies  of  these  children 
are  being  maintained.  Every  one  aiding  in  the  work  is  sure 
to  enjoy  her  vacation  better  and  more  worthily  for  having 
helped  some  little  child  to  have  a  healthy,  wholesome  vaca- 
tion.—E.G. W.] 


swAmi!imLvmiyfMWiiiwmm\mymvi^iim^mmi^^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


E.  St.  Elmo  Lewis  Enters  New  Field. 

E.  St.  Elmo  Lewis,  advertising  manager  of  the  Burroughs 
Adding  Machine  Co.,  has  been  selected  for  the  office  of  vice- 
president  and  general  manager  of  the  Art  Metal  Construction 
Co.,  of  Jamestown,  N.Y.  During  the  past  10  years  Mr.  Lewis 
has  achieved  remarkable  results  through  the  medium  of  adver- 
tising, and  has  written  into  the  te.xt-books  of  that  profession 
some  of  its  most  salient  and  important  theories.  His  articles 
and  speeches  on  efficiency  in  business  management  have  gained 
him  a  national  reputation,  not  only  as  an  advertising  e.xpert, 
but  as  a  close  and  deep-thinking  observer  of  the  trend  of 
modern  business  as  well. 

During  the  past  few  years  he  has  made  a  special  study  of 
the  problems  confronting  the  small  retail  merchant,  with  a 
view  of  standardizing  these  problems  so  that  a  solution  of 
them  could  be  more  easily  obtained.  He  has  worked  unselfishly 
and  vigorously  in  a  score  of  great  civic  and  commercial  move- 
ments to  the  end  that  lasting  benefits  might  accrue  to  the  re- 
tailer through  the  discovery  and  promulgation  of  time-,  money- 
and  effort-saving  methods  which  were  especially  suited  to  the 
needs  of  the  smaller  merchant,  and  his  efforts  have  secured  for 
him  a  host  of  friends  in  almost  every  line  of  business  endeavor. 


Pharmaceutical  Personalities. 


— F.  M.  Mytinger,  who  has  been  engaged  in  the  drug 
business  at  White  Hall,  111.,  for  the  past  48  years,  has  retired 
at  the  age  of  73.  His  successors  are  A.  M.  Nevius  and  George 
E.  Bell,  two  young  men  who  have  advanced  from  a  clerical 
capacity  in  the  store  to  the  ownership.  Following  his  discharge 
from  the  army  at  the  close  of  the  Civil  War  in  1865,  Mr.  Mytin- 
ger entered  business  as  a  clerk.  In  1879  he  opened  a  store  at 
the  present  location.  He  has  now  retired  because  of  his  age 
and  impaired  health.  During  the  war  Mr.  Mytinger  served  as 
a  member  of  Company  D,  14th  Illinois,  and  re-enlisted  in 
Company  C,  61st  Illinois,  receiving  his  discharge  as  adjutant 
of  the  regiment. 

— Charles  Melbourne  and  wife,  of  Chicago,  were  recent 
visitors  at  Lake  Chabunagungamaug,  near  Webster,  Mass. 
They  were  interested  to  see  what  the  namesake  of  their  phar- 
macy in  Chicago  was  like.  More  than  a  year  ago  Mr.  Mel- 
bourne picked  up  a  postal  card  with  a  view  of  Point  Pleasant 
and  bearing  the  abbreviated  name  of  the  lake.  The  name 
interested  him  and  shortly  afterward  when  he  opened  his  drug 
store  he  called  the  store  the  Chabunagungamaug.  He  told  the 
curious  it  meant  "pure,  unadulterated,  clean  and  healthful." 
The  full  name  of  the  lake  is  Manchaugagoggagoggchargogga- 
goggchabunagungamaug.     They  were  delighted  with  the  lake. 

— Frank  B.  Walker,  the  champion  starting  judge  in  this 
country,  is,  according  to  a  recent  newspaper  story,  a  former 
druggist.  He  was  advised  by  his  physician  to  get  out  in  the 
open.  He  interested  himself  in  horses  and  was  one  day  asked 
to  act  as  timer.  Later,  he  was  made  judge,  and  on  another 
occasion,  in  the  absence  of  the  starter,  was  persuaded  to  start 
the  horses.  He  was  successful  at  this  stunt  and  soon  became 
a  professional.  He  has  never  driven  a  horse  in  a  race  or 
owned  a  race  horse,  and,  according  to  the  account,  has  never 
been  on  a  race  track  except  to  walk  from  the  grandstand  to  the 
judge's  tower. 


— Sam  Zimmerman,  the  Lodi,  Cal.,  druggist,  is  reported 
to  have  been  treed  by  a  huge  bear  that  turned  out  to  be  a  dog, 
while  on  a  recent  hunting  trip  along  the  McCloud  River. 
While  returning  to  camp,  the  story  goes,  he  used  up  his  last 
two  shells  killing  a  rattlesnake.  Hearing  a  noise  behind  him, 
he  turned  to  find  a  bear  following  him.  Mr.  Zimmerman 
dropped  his  gun  and  climbed  a  tree.  Mrs.  Zimmerman,  as  a 
member  of  the  party  that  went  in  search  for  him,  found  her 
husband  roosting  in  the  tree  top.  She  also  discovered  that  the 
"bear''  was  a  big  Newfoundland  dog. 

— Ernst  0.  Engstrom,  of  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  who  is  Ameri- 
can by  birth,  but  of  German  parentage,  is  confident  that  the 
Germans  will  best  the  allies  in  the  European  war.  He  at- 
tributes the  basic  principle  of  the  war  to  be  the  jealousy  of 
other  nations  over  Germany's  rapid  progress  in  the  world.  He 
thinks  that  American  sentiment  will  change  in  the  next  several 
months  and  that  we  will  realize  that  Germsny  is  fighting  for 
a  just  cause.  Mr.  Engstrom  made  a  tour  of  Europe  last 
Summer  and  was  impressed  with  the  strides  that  Germany  was 
making  in  all  directions. 

— Carl  Bradshaw,  pharmacist  at  1542  South  High  street, 
Columbus,  Ohio,  was  burned  on  the  face,  neck  and  eyes  when 
an  explosion  resulted  from  mixing  nitric  acid  and  other  chemi- 
cals. Clarence  Heil,  proprietor  of  the  South  Columbus  phar- 
macy, was  also  burned  when  he  came  to  his  employee's  as- 
sistance. Both  men  were  taken  to  the  hospital.  Mr.  Heil  was 
able  to  leave  the  hospital  after  a  short  time.  Mr.  Bradshaw's 
condition  was  not  serious  and  the  physicians  thought  his  eye- 
sight might  be  saved. 

— Charles  A.  "Wood,  manager  of  E.  C.  DeWitt  &  Co., 
proprietary  manufacturers,  at  146  West  52d  street.  New  'York, 
was  recently  shot  by  a  former  employee.  The  bullet  lodged  in 
W'ood's  neck  and  he  was  removed  to  Flower  Hospital.  Until 
a  short  time  ago  the  man  who  did  the  shooting,  James  D. 
Faucher  by  name,  had  been  a  salesman  in  the  employ  of  the 
company  for  nearly  25  years.  Mr.  Wood  had  just  written  him 
a  recommendation  when  Faucher  shot.  The  latter  had  been 
discharged. 

— ^A.  J.  Killmer,  of  Mason  City,  la.,  president  of  the 
Iowa  State  Pharmaceutical  Association,  in  a  recent  newspaper 
interview  published  in  his  State,  advocated  a  law  that  will 
place  Iowa  physicians  under  the  same  restrictions  as  are  the 
pharmacists.  He  said  in  part :  "What  we  need  in  Iowa  is  a 
law  similar  to  the  Boylan  law  recently  enacted  in  the  State  of 
New  York  which  places  the  physician  under  the  same  restric- 
tions as  the  pharmacist." 

— ^A.  A.  Burnham,  veteran  druggist  of  Pemberton,  Mass., 
was  recently  presented  with  a  gold  watch  by  50  Dorchester  and 
Roxbury  physicians  for  whom  he  had  put  up  prescriptions 
during  the  past  27  years.  He  is  now  leaving  the  drug  business. 
The  presentation  was  made  at  the  Pemberton  Inn,  by  Dr.  John 
Dudley.  The  toastmaster  was  Dr.  Peter  J.  Fleming.  A  tele- 
gram of  congratulation  was  received   from  Mayor   Curley. 

— John  Wheatcroft,  of  Grayville,  111.,  was  recently  ap- 
pointed a  member  of  the  Advisory  Board  of  the  Illinois  School 
of  Pharmacy.  The  appointment  was  made  by  the  Board  of 
Trustees  of  the  State  University  and  is  for  a  term  of  five  years. 
Mr.  Wheatcroft  is  a  former  member  of  the  State  Board  and  is 
the  delegate  of  the  State  association  to  the  A. Ph. A.  convention. 

— Elwin  E.  Young,  a  Wickford,  R.I.,  druggist,  had  his 
beard  burned  from  his  face  when  he  sought  to  fill  a  jug  with 
alcohol  by  the  light  of  a  match.  The  flames  were  smothered 
by  a  customer  and  Mr.  Young  was  removed  to  his  home.  The 
fire  department  extinguished  the  flames,  only  slight  damage 
being  done  to  the  store  room. 


424 


THE    PHAmiACEUTICAL   ERA 


[September,  1914 


— W.  J.  Babin,  physician  and  druggist  of  Kenner,  La., 
was  dangerously  wounded  by  burglars  who  shot  him  when 
they  were  detected  trj-ing  to  enter  his  pharmacy.  At  last  report 
his  condition  was  slightly  better,  although  it  was  thought  that 
he  would  have  to  undergo  an  operation  for  tlie  removal  of  the 
bullet  lodged  in  his  chest. 

Juson  Cory,  of  Kingman.  Ind.,  recently  visited  his  sister  at 
Saybrook,  in  which  town  he  had  lived  40  years  ago,  and  where 
he  was  married  43  years  ago.  His  wife  accompanied  him  and 
they  called  at  the  house  where  they  were  married.  Needless  to 
say,  however,  very  few  of  the  old  friends  and  neighbors  were 
left  to  greet  him. 

— ^-  ^-  Furgason,  proprietor  of  Furgason's  drug  store, 
\  uma,  .-Vriz.,  was  recently  found  unconscious  in  the  prescription 
department.  Two  doctors  worked  over  him  until  he  revived. 
.^t  last  report  he  was  in  a  critical  condition.  Poor  health 
during  the  past  several  months  and  the  hot  weather  are  blamed 
for  his  collapse. 

— C.  M.  Brewer,  a  druggist  of  Helena,  Okla.,  was  recently 
so  unfortunate  as  to  nin  down  and  injure  a  woman  while  driv- 
ing his  automobile.  He  continued  on  his  way  after  the 
accident,  and  when  overtaken  later  satisfied  the  authorities 
that  he  was  unaware  that  he  had  injured  anyone.  He  was 
not  arrested. 

— A.  C.  Neveu,  proprietor  of  the  Corner  drug  store  and 
the  West  Side  drug  store  at  107  North  Broadway,  Green  Bay, 
Wis.,  will  be  a  candidate  at  the  primary  election'  for  the  office 
of  member  of  assembly.  He  is  a  Republican.  He  pledges 
himself  to  work  for  a  businesslike  administration  if  elected. 

— Miss  Ada  Bellows,  a  nurse  who  for  some  time  and  till 
recently  conducted  a  pharmacy  at  11th  and  Madison  streets, 
St.  Louis,  JIo.,  is  reported  to  have  attempted  suicide  by  swal- 
lowing a  number  of  strychnine  and  morphine  tablets.  Failure 
in   business  was  given   as   a   reason   for   the   attempt. 

— Miss  Laura  Kamlah,  daughter  of  William  Kamlah,  the 
well-known  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  druggist,  has  cabled  her  father 
that  she  is  safe  and  well  at  Lausanne,  Switzerland.  She  was 
touring  Europe  with  a  party  of  friends  when  war  was  declared. 
Her  parents  were  much  worried  for  her  safety. 

— D.  C.  Woodwortli,  of  the  Woodworth  Drug  Company, 
and  two  other  business  men  of  Albany,  Ore.,  were  judges  in  a 
recent  contest  arranged  by  the  Albany  Herald  to  determine  who 
m  the  city  could  write  the  best  letter  on  successful  advertising. 
A  prize  of  $10  was  offered. 

M.  R.  Ost,  the  popular  Atlantic  City  druggist,  has  completed 
the  enlargement  of  his  store  at  Massachusetts  and  Atlantic 
avenues,  the  new  store  being  of  more  than  four  times  the 
capacity  of  the  original  establishment,  and  one  of  the  show- 
places  of  the  resort. 

— -A.  E.  Kiesling,  the  Houston,  Texas,  druggist,  who  is 
president  of  his  State  Rexall  organization,  was  recently  elected 
to  head  the  International  Association  of  Rexall  Dealers.  The 
election  was  held  at  the  latter  body's  convention  at  Niagara 
Falls,  N.  Y. 

— Flynn  E.  Person,  of  Ware,  Mass.,  has  announced  his 
candidacy  for  the  nomination  as  representative  from  the  Fourth 
Hampshire  district  on  the  Republican  ticket.  He  has  the 
approval  of  the  Republican  town  committee  and  no  opposition 
is  expected. 

— Charles  A.  Sayre,  for  40  years  a  successful  druggist  at 
Victoria,  III.,  is  dead.  He  was  70  years  of  age  and  was  a 
veteran  of  the  Civil  War,  in  which  he  served  from  April,  1861, 
to  July,  1865.  He  then  served  as  sergeant  and  quartermaster 
in  the  regular  army  for  three  years.  He  was  a  native  of  Rush- 
ville,  N.Y. 

— John  T.  McWhirter,  president  of  the  Baumann-Mc- 
Whirter  Chemical  Co.,  New  York,  died  suddenly  in  Cleveland. 
Ohio,  on  July  26,  whither  he  had  gone  on  a  business  trip. 
Heart  disease  was  the  cause  of  death.  He  was  born  in 
Norwich,  Ohio,  and  received  his  education  there.  His  widow- 
survives. 

— Robert  C.  Wood  died  at  his  home  recently  in  Franklin, 
Ind.  He  had  been  40  years  in  the  retail  drug  business  in  that 
city.  Mr.  Wood  was  prominent  in  fraternal  and  civic  affairs 
in  his  home  town  and  was  12  years  a  member  of  the  school 
board.  He  was  64  years  old.  He  is  survived  by  a  widow  and 
one  son. 


— Joseph  A.  Maloney,  a  well-known  druggist  of  Wheeling, 
W.  \'a.,  died  recently  from  an  attack  of  apople.xy,  a  disease 
from  which  he  had  suffered  for  some  time.  He  was  a  Civil 
War  veteran,  and  served  as  a  corporal  in  the  17th  Pennsylvania 
Infantry.  He  was  a  staunch  member  of  the  Catholic  Church. 
— J.  C.  Jennings,  proprietor  of  the  East  Lake  Drug  Co., 
East  Lake,  Tenn.,  died  at  the  Morgan  Springs  Hotel  on  .'Vug.  3, 
where  he  had  gone  lo  regain  his  health.  He  was  born  in 
Morrow,  Ohio.,  and  went  to  Tennessee,  settling  in  Dayton  when 
he  was  20  years  of  age.  He  was  well  known  in  Chattanooga. 
— Theodore  Diehl,  39,  a  druggist  of  644  Bedford  avenue, 
Brooklyn,  N.V.,  died  on  August  10  from  the  effects  of  poison 
taken  with  suicidal  intent.  It  is  said  that  he  never  recovered 
from  the  effects  of  the  death  of  an  intimate  friend,  who  was 
mysteriously  murdered  in  bed  last  January. 

— Mrs.  J.  A.  Farnham,  one  of  the  first  women  t^  be 
registered  as  a  pharmacist  in  Wisconsin  and  who  had  con- 
ducted a  drug  store  in  Finnemore,  that  State,  for  34  years,  is 
dead,  aged  58.  She  was  born  in  Belvidere,  111.  Death  fol- 
lowed an  illness  of  short  duration. 

— S.  A.  Dickson,  of  Morris  &  Dickson  Co.,  wholesale 
druggists,  Shreveport,  La.,  a  former  mayor  of  his  city,  is 
expected  to  put  up  quite  a  fight  for  the  mayoralty  in  the 
coming  election.  The  present  mayor  is  one  of  the  candidates. 
— Crittenden  M.  Edmunds,  a  former  Louisville,  Ky., 
druggist,  is  dead.  He  was  stricken  with  paralysis  more  than 
three  years  ago,  and  never  fully  recovered.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Kentucky  Ph..'\..  and  well  known  throughout  the  State 
as  an  able  pharmacist. 

— Samuel  Kahn,  a  drug  clerk  in  the  employ  of  the  Ferry 
Park  drug  store,  Detroit,  Mich.,  died  on  Aug.  8  from  internal 
injuries  caused  by  the  explosion  of  a  carbonated  soda  tank. 
He  was  20  years  of  age.  Burial  took  place  in  Bay  City,  the 
home  of  his  parents. 

— Henry  E.  Roe,  a  young  druggist  in  the  employ  of  the 
Dr.  Scott  Drug  Co.,  Seattle.  Wash.,  was  accidentally  drowned 
while  on  a  fishing  expedition  with  his  father  at  Rosedale  a 
month  ago.     The  body  has  just  been  recovered. 

— Cherle  Borie,  a  former  Philadelphia  druggist,  but  in 
recent  years  connected  with  the  U.S.  Customs  service,  died 
recently  at  Ocean  City,  N.J.  He  was  85  years  of  age  and  an 
early   graduate   in  pharmacy. 

— Mrs.  Susan  N.  Rogers,  wife  of  S.  L.  Rogers,  Clinton, 
111.,  pharmacist,  died  in  St.  Louis  hospital,  whither  she  had 
gone  for  surgical  operation.  The  remains  were  taken  to  Cape 
Girardeau,  Mo.,  for  burial. 

— Henry  C.  Riddlem.oser,  junior  member  of  Kefauvre  & 
Riddlemoser,  druggists  oi  Smithsburg,  Md.,  died  suddenly  of 
acute  indigestion  on  .•\ugust  7.  He  was  24  years  old  and  is 
survived  by  his  mother. 

— Frank  A.  Przybylski,  druggist  at  3663  S.  Paulina  street, 
Chicago,  111.,  was  killed  in  an  automobile  accident  while  on  his 
way  to  Waukegan,  his  machine  overturning  and  falling  upon 
hiih. 

— "William  Wallace  Allison,  formerly  a  druggist  at  Cam- 
den, Ind.,  is  dead  at  Penfield,  Ohio.  He  was  born  in  1852  and 
in  early  life  was  a  student  in  the  Cleveland  Jledical  College. 

— Samuel  H.  Walden,  69,  died  at  his  home  in  Evansville, 
Ind„  en  Aug.  7.  .  He  was  one  of  the  oldest  retail  druggists  in 
Evansville.    He  is  survived  by  a  widow  and  four  children. 

— Lyda  W.  Martin,  a  druggist  of  Worthington,  W.  Va., 
died  July  19  at  St.  Mary's  Hospital  at  Clarksburg,  W.  Va.,  after 
an  operation.     He  was  40  years  old  and  left  a  wife. 

— W.  D.  Keller,  60,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Culdesac,  Idaho, 
is  dead  from  an  attack  of  heart  failure.  He  was  formerly  a 
resident  of  Spokane  and  of  iletaline  Falls. 

— Miss  Flora  Scarborough,  of  Laurel,  !Miss.,  is  can- 
vassing the  State  in  the  interest  of  the  Mississippi  Pharma- 
ceutical Association.  She  will  spend  a  month  or  so  endeavoring 
to  enlist  every  pharmacist  in  the  State. 

— Frank  Nau,  the  Portland,  Ore.,  druggist  and  family 
were  members  of  a  motor  party  which  recently  toured  along  the 
Deschutes  River  and  to  Crater  Lake.  They  returned  home 
enthusiastic   over   their   excursion. 

— B.  0.  Driver,  pioneer  druggist  of  Roanoke,  .'Ma.,  is  dead, 
following  a  surgical  operation  he  recently  underwent.  A  wife 
and  two  sons  survive. 


September,  191-4] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


425 


— Burton  Cassaday,  of  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  has  been  ap- 
pointed by  Governor  Ralston  to  succeed  himself  as  a  member 
of  the  State  Board.  His  new  term  will  run  for  three  years 
from  May  6,   1914. 

— Lynn  Fort,  of  the  Lamar  &  Rankin  Drug  Co.,  sales 
department,  .\tlanta,  Ga.,  returned  home  recently  after  a  pleas- 
ant vacation  spent  with  his  family  at  Wrightsville  Beach. 

— Kalph  Kauffman,  employed  at  the  Bryant  &  Klocke 
drug  store,  Lansing,  Mich.,  was  recently  married  to  iliss  Ida 
Bergman,  a  popular  young  school  teacher  of  Xashville. 

— F.  A.  Scheuber,  of  Helena,  president  of  the  Montana 
State  Ph..\..  recently  made  a  tour  of  the  principal  cities  of  his 
State.    He  was  accompanied  by  his  wife. 

— Bay  D.  Fox,  a  well-kno\\Ti  druggist  of  Saginaw,  Mich., 
was  married  recently  to  Miss  Blanche  Irene  Gavigan.  Mr. 
Fo.x  is  a  graduate  of  ^'alpa^aiso  University. 

— Charles  Hoepfner,  a  prominent  West  Side  Chicago 
druggist,  is  reported  to  have  opened  his  campaign  for  the 
Progressive  nomination  for  sheriff. 

— ^Pierce  L.  Graham,  the  Chapline  street  druggist  of 
Wheeling,  W.  ^'a.,  recently  became  the  proud  father  of  a  fine 
baby  boy. 

— M.  J.  Ryan,  proprietor  of  the  Moran  St.  Pharmacy, 
Detroit,  Mich.,  died  on  Aug.  6  from  heart  disease. 

— Dr.  William  Jay  SchiefEelin  has  been  making  frequent 
trips  this  Summer  to  his  coimtrj-  place  at  Ashville,  !Me. 


Obituaries 


James  A.  Watkins. 
James  .\.  Watkins,  65,  proprietor  of  the  L'nion  avenue  phar- 
macy. Union  boulevard  and  Suburban  tracks,  St.  Louis,  was 
killed  early  in  the  morning  of  July  S  at  Centralia,  Mo.,  when 
returning  to  St.  Louis  from  a  visit  to  his  brother  at  Hen- 
rietta, :^Io.  The  crew  of  a  freight  train  found  Watkins'  body 
near  a  water  tank  in  the  Centralia  yards.  The  head  was 
severed  from  the  body.  In  Watkins'  pocket  was  a  draft  for 
$1000  payable  to  himself  and  a  letter  addressed  to  his  brother, 
William  H.  Watkins,  of  Henrietta.  Watkins  boarded  a  Wabash 
train  at  Lexington  Jimction,  presenting  a  ticket  to  St.  Louis. 
This  was  at  night.  .\t  Wellsville  the  conductor  found  he  was 
short  the  man  who  had  presented  the  ticket  from  Lexington 
Jimction  to  St.  Louis.  An  examination  revealed  bloodstains  on 
the  trucks  of  the  chair  car  and  the  rear  sleeper.  The  sup- 
position was  that  Watkins  left  the  train  at  Centralia  and  in 
attempting  to  board  it  again  as  it  was  pulling  out  he  fell  under 
the  wheels. 


Donald  Porter. 
Donald  Porter,  said  to  be  one  of  the  most  widely  known 
traveling  men  in  the  West,  and  who  since  1SS2  had  carried  a 
grip  for  four  wholesale  drug  houses,  died  at  his  home  in 
Wichita,  Kan.,  on  Aug.  12.  He  had  been  ill  since  February 
with  Bright's  disease,  which  with  heart  trouble  caused  his 
death.  He  was  bom  in  Bellefontaine,  Ohio,  in  1859,  and  his 
first  traveling  job  was  with  H.  E.  Bucklen  &  Co.,  of  Chicago. 
He  was  then  employed  by  the  C.  T>.  Smith  Drug  Co.,  of  St. 
Joseph,  Mo.,  and  by  McPike  &  Fox  before  accepting  a  position 
with  the  ^'an  >ratta-L>-nds  Drug  Co.,  of  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  for 
whom  he  sold  drugs  in  Kansas  for  many  years.  He  was  one 
of  the  leading  members  of  the  commercial  travelers'  organization 
and  a  great  friend  of  the  circus  folks.  Prominent  men  over  the 
Middle  West  claimed  him  as  one  of  their  most  intimate  friends, 
and  to  the  majority  of  them  he  was  familiarly  known  as  "Don." 
His  wife,  a  sister  and  brother,  Frank  S.  Porter,  of  the  Shelley 
Drug  Co.,  Wichita,  survive. 


Charles  H.  Howard. 
Charles  H.  Howard,  one  of  the  best-known  druggists  in 
Greater  Boston,  died  at  his  late  home,  76  Norwood  street, 
Everett,  on  July  19.  He  was  stricken  with  paralj-sis  two  daj-s 
earlier,  which  was  his  49th  birthday.  He  was  bom  in  LjTne, 
Conn.,  and  at  the  age  of  18  came  to  Everett  and  secured  em- 
ployment in  the  drug  store  of  G.  H.  Kimball  in  Everett  square. 
That  was  31  years  ago,  and  "Bert"  had  risen  from  errand  boy 
to   senior   partner,    but   everjbody   still   called  him   "Bert"   and 


liked  him.  He  was  a  member  of  Palestine  Lodge  of  Masons, 
Everett  Lodge  of  Elks,  and  Everett  Lodge  of  the  A.O.U.^V. 
A  wife  and  a  daughter,  aged  15,  survive.  Burial  was  at  his 
native  place. 


Charles  B.  Kinnan. 

Charles  B.  Kinnan,  of  Walding,  Kinnan  &  Marvin  Co., 
wholesale  druggists  of  Toledo,  Ohio,  died  on  Aug.  11  at  Whet- 
stone, L.I.,  whither  he  went  about  a  month  ago  to  recuperate. 
He  had  been  in  failing  health  for  some  time.  Mr.  Kinnan  was 
prominent  in  business  circles  in  his  home  town,  and  had  been 
a  resident  of  Toledo  for  30  years.  He  was  a  stockholder  in 
the  above-named  company,  and  imtil  the  last  few  years  was  its 
treasurer.  His  early  home  was  in  Cambridge  Springs,  Pa.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Toledo  Club  and  the  Coimtry  Club,  and 
was  56  years  old.  His  brother,  John  S.  Kinnan,  was  with  him 
at  the  time  of  death. 


John  W.  Bell. 
John  W.  Bell,  pioneer  druggist  of  Omaha,  Xeb.,  whose  death 
occurred  recently  in  that  cit>',  was  bom  in  Lexington,  Mo.,  in 
1859.  In  1870  he  went  to  Omaha  and  engaged  in  the  drug 
business  with  James  K.  Ish,  at  12th  and  Douglas  streets, 
moving  a  few  years  later  to  10th  and  Marcj-  streets,  where  he 
continued  in  business  for  17  years.  He  then  engaged  in  busi- 
ness at  1216  Famam  street  tmtil  last  year  when  a  disastrous 
fire  caused  him  to  open  a  store  at  1316  Famam  street.  This 
he  operated  up  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which  it  is  believed  was 
brought  on  by  overwork.  He  is  suriived  by  his  wife,  a 
daughter,  and  a  son,  A.  L.  Bell,  of  New  York  City. 


Bert  C.  Haines. 
Bert  C.  Haines,  a  druggist  and  one  of  the  most  prominent 
business  men  of  Pontiac,  III.,  died  recently,  death  being  due  to 
Bright's  disease.  He  was  bom  in  Bloomington,  111.,  in  1867, 
where  he  received  his  education  and  served  his  apprenticeship 
in  the  drug  business.  On  the  retirement  of  J.  T.  Croswell, 
14  years  ago,  he  purchased  the  former's  pharmacy  in  Pontiac, 
which  he  was  conducting  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Mr.  Haines 
was  noted  for  his  genial  disposition  and  was  universally  liked. 
He  was  taken  sick  about  a  year  and  a  half  ago  and  never  fully 
recovered  his  health.    He  was  last  at  his  store  on  July  4. 


Norman  N.  Mason. 
Norman  N.  Mason,  one  of  the  founders  of  the  Rhode  Island 
College  of  Pharmacj',  and  for  a  number  of  years  a  member  of 
the  Rhode  Island  Board  of  Pharmacy,  which  he  had  seized 
both  as  president  and  secretary,  died  of  cerebral  hemorrhage 
at  his  home  in  Plattsburgh,  N.Y.  He  w-as  well  known  in 
Providence,  R.I.,  where  he  conducted  a  drug  store  and  labora- 
torj-  until  about  eight  years  ago.  He  was  an  e.x-president  of 
the  Rhode  Island  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociation. 


RECENT  DEATHS. 


— Charles  A.  Winn,  president  of  the  Coraline  Drug  & 
Chemical  Co.,  465  Greenwich  street.  New  York  City,  is  dead 
of  paralysis.  He  was  63  years  old,  a  native  of  ilaine,  and 
left  a  widow  and  three  sons  and  a  daughter. 

— Romeo  Russell,  23,  of  Greenfield,  Mass.,  for  several 
years  a  clerk  in  the  store  of  C.  N.  Payne,  is  dead  following 
an  operation  at  the  Franklin  County  Hospital. 

— Charles  E.  Boulineau,  63,  pharmacist,  Augusta,  Ga., 
in  active  business  until  death  from  ptomaine  poisoning. 

— Lewis  A.  Gable,  for  33  years  engaged  in  the  retail  drug 
business  at  Illinois  and  16th  streets,  Indianapolis,  died  at  his 
home  in  that  city  on  .\ug.  13  after  an  ilhiess  of  four  months. 
Mr.  Gable  entered  the  dmg  trade  at  the  age  of  17,  when  he 
became  a  clerk  for  Peter  S.  Miller,  at  Farmland,  Ind.  He 
bought  the  store  and  was  married  to  Mr.  Miller's  daughter. 
Mr.  Gable  was  73  years  old.  He  is  sur\-ived  by  a  widow  and 
one  daughter. 

— Dr.  Webster  Iff.  Dyas,  for  32  years  proprietor  of  a 
drug  store  at  .Arlington  Heights,  111.,  is  dead  from  a  lesion  of 
the  arteries  of  the  brain.  He  was  61  years  of  age.  He  was 
bom  at  Montello,  Wis.,  and  learned  the  drag  business  of  George 
Miner,  an  uncle,  at  Cedar  Falls,  Iowa,  He  secured  his  medical 
degree  from  Rush  Medical  College  from  which  he  graduated 
in  1896. 


426 


TlIK    niAKMACEUTlCAL    ERA 


[September,  1914 


News  from  Associations 


LAST    CALL    FOR    N.W.D.A.     CONVENTION. 


ANNTJAL  CONVENTIONS. 

N.W.D.A. — Indianapolis,  Ind.,  week  of  Sept.  21. 

Geo.  W.  Lattiraer,  president;   J.  E.  Toms,  secre- 
tar\',  New  York  City. 


G.A.S.  PARTY  DIVIDES  AT  FRANKFORT-ON-MAIN 


Thirty-Two  Elect  to  Go  to  England,  the  Rest  Stay  in 
Germany  Where  They  Are  Now — 14  Arrive  Home. 

The  European  tour  of  the  German  .Apothecaries'  Society,  an 
event  which  was  about  a  year  and  a  half  in  preparation  and 
which  has  ended  in  an  experience  which  none  of  the  partici- 
pants will  ever  forget,  was  successful  up  to  the  arrival  of  the 
party  at  Frankfort-on-Main,  Germany,  .Aug.  3.  Here,  on  ac- 
count of  the  sudden  outbreak  of  hostilities,  the  120  members 
were  obliged  to  separate  and  each  look  for  the  most  con- 
venient way  of  getting  back  to  .America.  Thirty-two  partici- 
pants managed,  with  great  difficulty,  to  get  to  London,  via 
Flushing,  Holland,  by  boat  to  Queenboro,  England,  and  a  two- 
hour  trip  by  train  to  the  English  capital.  The  29-hour  trip 
from  Frankfort  to  London  was  one  of  discomfort  from  start  to 
finish. 

At  Frankfort  the  party  was  advised  at  2  p.m.  that  the  last 
train  out  of  Germany  would  leave  at  3 :02.  The  32  who  had 
elected  to  leave  had  just  one  hour  and  two  minutes  to  pack — • 
according  to  the  announcement.  At  the  station  they  waited 
until  five  o'clock,  the  military  trains  being  given  the  precedence. 
The  G. .\.S.  party  managed  to  board  the  last  train,  and  as  the 
Era  goes  to  press  only  a  few  of  the  90  or  so  who  decided  to 
remain  in  Germany  have  been  heard  from  since. 

Of  the  32  who  arrived  in  London,  14  booked  for  Montreal, 
Canada,  on  the  Royal  George,  of  the  Canadian  Northern  Line. 
They  left  Avonmouth,  near  Bristol,  England,  on  Aug.  10,  9  p.m., 
and  the  passage  from  land  to  land  took  only  six  and  a  half 
days.  The  arrival  at  Alontreal  at  8  p.m.,  Aug.  18,  concluded 
an  eventful  voyage,  features  of  which  were  the  hidden  lights, 
Covered  port  holes  and  the  extreme  northerly  course  taken  by 
the  ship.  On  the  afternoon  of  Aug.  15,  the  passengers  saw 
four  icebergs.  .\t  2  p.m.,  Aug,  16,  the  engines  were  reversed 
to  keep  frcm  running  into  an  ice  floe.  The  14  fortunate 
enough   to  return  on   the  Royal  George  were  the   following : 

Prof.  Gustave  Bachmann,  Minneapolis;  Prof.  C.  M.  McKel- 
lips,  Portland,  Ore.;  S.  K.  Sass,  Chicago;  Dr.  M.  L.  Kroschel, 
Hallettsville,  Texas;  C.  A.  Washburn,  Hallettsville ;  Charles  F. 
Hahn,  Philadelphia;  George  Burns,  Robert  S.  Lehman,  Richard 
Jorgensen,  Hugo  Kantrowitz  and  Miss  Claire  Kantrowitz,  all 
of  this  city;  Dr.  Wm.  C.  .Alpers  and  Mrs.  .Alpers,  Cleveland, 
and  Mrs.  Virginia  Cassebeer,  Fiankfort,  N.Y. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  E.  W.  Runyon,  members  of  the  party,  have 
booked  for  a  steamer  leaving  England  in  September.  Mr. 
Runyon  is  the  assistant  secretary  of  the  New  York  College  of 
Pharmacy. 

The  plans  of  the  society  were  carried  out  until  war  was 
declared.  The  members  had  been  overwhelmed  with  the  hos- 
pitality of  their  German,  Austrian  and  Swiss  colleagues,  the 
latter  receiving  the  tourists  as  though  they  w'ere  old  friends. 
It  was  while  eating  their  midday  meal  in  the  early  afternoon 
of  Aug.  3  that  the  party  received  the  news  that  they  must 
catch  the  last  train  or  stay  in  Germany  for  an  indefinite  period. 
The  decision  was  left  to  each  individual,  no  one  wishing  to 
take  the  responsibility  of  such  a  difficult  step.  That  is  the 
reason  why  32  decided  to  make  a  break  for  England  and  the 
rest  elected  to  await  results. 

The  Deutsch-Amerikanische  Apotheker-Zeitung  asserts  that 
Americans  in  Germany  are  treated  with  the  greatest  hospitality 
and  the  American  consul  in  Frankfort  will  aid  the  members 
of  the  party  wherever  necessary.  An  agent  for  McCann's  tours 
is  there  also,  and  has  the  means  for  securing  transportation. 
The  journal  quoted  practically  asserts  that  its  next  issue  will 
annoutice  the  safe  arrival  home  of  the  entire  party. 


THE  40th  annual  convention  of  the  National  Wholesale 
Druggists'  .Association  will  be  held  in  Indianapolis,  Sept. 
21  to  26,  inclusive,  and  from  present  indications  it 
promises  to  be  one  of  the  largest  gatherings  of  the  jobbing  drug 
trade   in  tlie  history  of  the  organization.  , 

The  headquarters  of  the  convention  will  be  the  Claypool 
Hotel,  the  largest  and  most  widely  known  hostelry  of  the 
Hoosier  Capital.  This  hotel  was  planned  specially  for  the 
acconunodation  of  conventions.  On  the  eighth  floor  there  are 
two  excellent  convention  halls,  of  whicli  the  larger  will  accom- 
modate an  audience  of  approximately  1000,  the  smaller  about 
250.  There  are  also  convenient  club  rooms  and  other  apart- 
ments which  provide  excellent  quarters  for  committee  meetings. 
The  hotel  maintains  several  excellent  cafes  and  a  large  banquet 
hall  in  which  over  700  can  be  comfortably  served. 

There  will  be  plenty  of  entertainment  in  addition  to  the 
business  sessions,  chief  among  which  will  be  a  side  trip  to 
French  Lick  by  special  train  returning  the  following  morning. 
Thomas  Taggart,  president  of  the  French  Lick  Springs  Hotel 
Co.,  will  be  the  ht^t  on  this  occasion.  There  will  be  the  usual 
reception  and  ball  in  the  evening  of  the  first  day.  Plans  have 
been  made  for  a  trip  to  the  world  famous  .Automobile  Speed- 
way and  a  real  live  race  will  be  pulled  off  for  the  special 
benefit  of  the  guests.  There  will  be  an  entertainment  at  the 
Indianapolis  Country  Club  and  a  theater  party  at  the  Murat — 
Indianapolis'  finest  play  house.  Several  private  entertain- 
ments have  also  been  arranged  by  the  ladies'  committee  espe- 
cially for  visiting   ladies. 

The  homes  of  several  of  the  local  members  of  the  association 
will  also  be  thrown  open  on  this  occasion  for  the  accommo- 
dation of  the  visitors.  While  the  Claypool  will  be  head- 
quarters, Indianapolis  hotel  facilities  are  such  that  excellent 
outside  accommodations  may  be  secured  for  those  who  desire, 
the  following  hostelries  being  named : 

Claypool  Hotel — 600  rooms,  400  baths,  fireproof,  European 
plan. 

New  Severin — 400  rooms,  400  baths,  fireproof,  European  plan. 

New  Washington — 300  rooms,  300  baths,  fireproof,  European 
plan. 

Denison — 250  rooms. 

All  members  are  urged  to  reserve  accommodations  early  by 
writing  to  the  hotels  or  to  W.  A.  Caperton,  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co., 
who  is  chairman  of  the  committee  on  hotel  accommodations. 


Colorado  Pharmacal  Association. 

The  Colorado  Pharmacal  .Association  will  hold  its  2Sth  annual 
meeting  at  Pueblo  on  September  8,  9  and  10  and  all  druggists 
of  the  State  are  invited  to  attend.  In  preparing  the  programme 
of  the  meeting  the  committee  has  had  in  mind  not  only  the 
"serious  business"  but  has  made  arrangements  for  sundry 
entertainment  features,  particularly  for  the  ladies.  Prizes  will 
be  offered  to  the  winners  in  various  athletic  events.  Those 
wishing  to  contribute  should  address  the  local  secretary,  A.  B. 
Tipple,  Pueblo,  or  Secretary  Charles  J.  Clayton,  1775  Hum- 
boldt street,  Denver. 


War  Prevents  Chemical  Society  Meeting. 
The  European  war  has  caused  the  postponement  of  the 
annual  meeting  of  the  .American  Chemical  Society,  which  was 
to  have  been  held  at  Montreal  this  month.  While  the  society 
is  contemplating  holding  a  meeting  later  during  this  year,  at 
some  place  other  than  Montreal,  the  probabilities  are  that  the 
next  gathering  will  take  place  in  New  Orleans,  .April  1  to  3, 
1915.  This  has  not  been  definitely  settled,  however,  and  mem- 
bers of  the  society  will  be  notified  to  that  effect  if  plans 
are  perfected  for  a  meeting  during  the  latter  months  of  this 
vear. 


International  Federation's  Annual  Meeting  Postponed. 
The  meeting  of  the  International  Pharmaceutical  Federation, 
which  was  scheduled  to  take  place  at  Berne,  Switzerland,  on 
Aug.  7,  has  been  postponed  indefinitely.  This  organization  Is 
composed  of  men  representative  of  the  drug  and  pharmaceutical 
trade  of  the  world,  and  the  difficulty  which  the  majority  of  these 
members  would  experience  in  attempting  to  go  to  Berne,  owing 
to  the  present  European  hostilities,  prevented  the  proposed 
meeting. 


September,  1914]  THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 

Members  of  Cincinnati  Branch  of  A.  Ph.  A.  Celebrate  First  Anniversary. 


427 


H^^ 


Pharmacists  and  their  imves  after  the  old-fashioned  Kentucky  Chicken  Dinner. 


IN  celebration  of  its  first  anniversary,  tlie  Cincinnati  Brancfi 
of  the  American  Pliarmaceutical  Association  went  on  an 
outing  recently  to  White  Villa,  Ky.,  where  they  were  the 
guests  of  J.  M.  Myers,  through  whose  hospitality  the  White 
Villa  Club  was  thrown  open  to  the  members  of  the  organiza- 
tion. So  excellent  were  the  arrangements  for  the  entertain- 
ment of  the  druggists  that  the  outing  was  unanimously  con- 
ceded to  have  been  the  most  enjoyable  of  any  ever  held  by  a 
Queen  City  pharmaceutical  organization.  The  programme  in- 
cluded boating,  bathing,  baseball  and  other  amusements,  the 
committee  in  charge  of  the  arrangements  consisting  of  Charles 
G.  Merrell,  chairman;  Otto  Katz,  Louis  Werner,  Prof.  C.  T.  P. 
Fennel  and  Frank  Freericks. 

About  70  people  sat  down  to  the  old-fashioned  Kentucky 
chicken  dinner  which  was  served.  Speeches  were  made  by 
E  H  Thiesing.  Theodore  Wetterstroem,  Charles  Harding, 
Fred  Ott,  C.  T.  P.  Fennel  and  Frank  Freericks.  Among  those 
who  contributed  to  the  enjoyment  of  the  visitors  were  the 
French-Bauer  Co.,  which  donated  ice  cream  and  cake ;  Dolly 
Varden  Chocolate  Co.,  candy,  while  cigars  were  furnished  by 
the  J.  B.  Moos  Co.,  Isbold  Cigar  Co.,  and  S.  Joseph  &  Co. 
The  Wm.  S.  Merrell  Chemical  Co.  donated  a  number  of  prizes 
for  the  various  games  in  which  the  victors  were  Miss  Lula 
Faller,  Mrs.  Frank  Freericks,  Mrs.  Otto  Kistner,  Mrs.  Scallan, 
Mrs.  Jackson,  Miss  Helen  Heister  and  Mrs.  Weissman.  As  a 
result  of  the  outing  a  considerable  addition  was  made  to  the 
membership  list,  and  the  development  of  an  interest  which 
promises  increased  attendance  at  the  meetings  during  the 
•coming  season. 


Chemists  Wanted  for  TJ.S.  Departments. 

The  United  States  Civil  Service  Commission  have  issued 
-notices  inviting  attention  to  the  open  competitive  examination 
for  junior  chemist,  both  men  and  women,  scheduled  to  be  held 
•on  Sept.  9  and  10  at  various  centers  in  the  United  States.  The 
following  vacancies  in  such  positions  exist  at  the  present  time : 
One  junior  chemist,  qualified  in  biological  chemistry.  Bureau 
■  of  Animal  Industry,  $1200  a  year;  one  junior  chemist,  same 
-qualifications,  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  $1200  to  $1620  a  year; 
one  chemist,  qualified  in  pharmaceutical  chemistry,  Bureau  of 
Chemistry,  $1200  to  $1440  a  year;  two  chemists,  qualified  in 
pharmaceutical  chemistry.  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  $lo20  to  $1740 
a  year.  The  applicants  will  be  examined  in  general  chemistry, 
elementary  physics,  French  and  German,  practical  questions  on 
each  optional  subject  chosen,  the  list  of  these  embracing 
advanced  inorganic,  analytical,  biological,  dairy,  food,  metallur- 
gical, organic,  pharmaceutical,  sanitary  and  soil  chemistry. 
Applicants  must  specify  in  their  application  all  of  the  optional 
subjects  in  which  they  wish  to  be  examined.  Persons  who 
meet  the  requirements  and  desire  to  take  the  examination  should 
apply  to  the  U.S.  Civil  Service  Commission  for  the  proper 
blank  form  which  must  be  filled  out  and  filed  with  the  Com- 
■jnission,  Washington,  D .  C. 


Standards  Should  Not  Handicap  Progress. 

Dr.  Alsberg  Addresses  Food  and  Drug  Officials  and  Suggests 
Introduction  of   Tolerances  for  Foods. 

THE  work  of  the  18th  annual  convention  of  the  American 
Dairy,  Food  and  Drug  Officials,  held  last  month  in  Port- 
land, Me.,  was  largely  devoted  to  food  problems,  but 
drugs  received  sufficient  attention  to  bring  the  discussions  to 
the  attention  of  the  drug  trade.  As  is  well  known,  the  asso- 
ciation has  for  its  membership  the  officials  charged  with  the 
enforcement  of  the  food,  dairy  and  drug  laws  throughout  the 
United  States.  In  only  a  few  States,  however,  are  these  officials 
charged  with  the  supervision  of  narcotic  drugs.  Among  those 
present  and  frequently  seen  at  pharmaceutical  meetings  were 
Dr.  Charles  Caspari,  Jr.,  Baltimore;  Dr.  Charles  E.  Caspar!, 
of  St.  Louis;  W.  T.  Hankey,  Cleveland;  Dr.  L.  F.  Kebler, 
Washington,  and  J.  F.  Windolph. 

General  Standards. 

Dr.  Carl  L.  .\lsberg  spoke  on  the  subject  of  general  stand- 
ards. He  emphasized  the  desirability  of  legal  standards,  thus 
eliminating  litigation,  expense  and  pitched  battles  in  court.  Court 
cases  frequently  settle  little  or  nothing.  The  lack  of  standards 
unsettles  manufacturers,  consumers  and  food  officials.  Stand- 
ards are  flexible,  law  is  not.  He  believed  that  in  formulating 
standards  the  following  should  be  kept  in  mind: 

Standards  should  not  permit  any  deleterious  agent.  (This 
applies  to   food  products  only.) 

Standards  should  permit  no  fraud  on  the  consumer. 

Should  be  so  formulated  as  not  to  exclude  useful  or  whole- 
some products. 

Standards  should  not  handicap   progress. 

Dr.  Charles  Caspari,  Jr.,  thought  it  would  be  wise  to  intro- 
duce tolerance  in  food  standards  the  same  as  now  obtained  for 
drugs  recognized  in  the  U.S.  Pharmacopoeia.  The  general 
feeling  is  that  Congress  should  authorize  th'^  Secretary  of 
Agriculture  to  study  the  question  and  ultimately  formulate  and 
promulgate  standards. 

At  this  point   Commissioner  Flanders  referred  to  the  report 
of   committee   memorializing   Congress   to   empower   the   Secre- 
tary of   Agriculture  to  prepare   and  formulate  standards. 
Distinctive  Names. 

This  question  was  discussed  somewhat  freely  and  all  ap- 
peared to  be  of  the  opinion  that  it  was  a  mistake  to  introduce 
into  any  law  reference  to  a  distinctive  name.  It  simply  af- 
forded a  means  of  evading  responsibility.  Attention  was  called 
to  the  fact  that  this  feature  was  introduced  into  the  law 
because  of  the  constant  cry  of  trade  secrets.  Numerous  illus- 
trations were  given  to  bring  out  the  undesirable  features  in- 
volving a  distinctive  name.  It  was  clearly  shown  that  by 
using  a  distinctive  name  under  many  of  the  laws,  it  was  pos- 
sible to  concoct  any  form  of  mixture  and  impose  upon  the 
consuming  public.    Attention  was  called  to  the  fact  that  certain 


428 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[September.  1914 


States  have  eliminated  the  distinctive  name  features;   for  ex- 
ample, ^lassachusetts. 

Collecting'  Samples. 

The  question  of  collecting  drugs  by  inspectors  received  con- 
siderable attention.  Some  advocated  the  idea  of  the  inspector 
going  into  a  store,  introducing  himself  to  the  proprietor  and 
making  such  observations  and  purchasing  such  commodities  as 
he  may  desire.  Others  were  of  the  opinion  that  the  best 
course  to  pursue  was  for  the  inspector  to  purchase  his  com- 
modities the  same  as  any  ordinary  customer  would  do.  The 
latter  method  was  criticised  by  some  as  a  form  of  detective 
work,  which  should  not  constitute  a  part  of  our  duties. 

It  was  shown,  however,  that  under  some  laws  it  is  impossible 
for  tlie  inspector  to  do  otherwise,  and  the  fact  was  fully 
brought  out  that  some  State  drug  inspectors  were  empowered 
to  go  into  any  drug  store  and  demand  of  the  druggist  any 
substance  that  may  be  found  upon  shelves.  Educational 
methods  and  co-operation  w-ere  highly  advocated.  The  fact 
that  such  a  large  percentage  of  samples  were  found  to  vary 
rr.iterially  from  the  standards,   was  deplored. 

Attention  was  called  to  the  impracticability  of  purchasing 
under  a  regulation  calling  for  three  samples.  Such  a  regula- 
tion could  not  be  complied  with  in  many  instances.  For 
example,  the  druggist  would  not  have  on  hand  three  samples 
of  a  given  product.  The  Federal  regulation  originally  called 
for  three  samples,  but  it  was  soon  found  in  practice  to  be 
inoperative,  particularly  in  goods  shipped  into  interstate  com- 
merce by  mail  to  consumers.  The  line  of  business  which 
brought  this  out  most  conspicuously  was  the  treatment  of  drug 
addiction  by  mail  or  express. 

Quality    of    Drugs. 

The  character  and  quality  of  drugs  often  found  in  drug 
stores  are  not  what  they  should  be. 

The  so-called  "field  tests"  were  referred  to  only  to  be  con- 
demned.    Sub-standard  drugs  were  not  approved  of. 

F.  L.  Shannon,  of  Michigan,  referred  to  the  shortages  found 
in  many  tablets,  such  as  aspirin  and  potassium  iodide.  The 
work  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  on  tablets  was  also  com- 
mented on. 

In  Michigan  the  percentage  of  illegal  drugs  in  five  years  was 
lowered  from  56  per  cent,  to  35  per  cent.  Co-operation  played 
a  large  part. 

Mr.  Lithgoe  spoke  of  likely  variability  of  proprietary  arti- 
cles, citing  the  finding  of  wood  alcohol  in  a  "dandruff  cure" 
and  a  little  later  ethyl  alcohol.  Reference  was  made  to  the 
deaths  of  several  soldiers  camping  in  A'ermont  caused  by 
drinking  bay  rum  containing  wood  alcohol.  Regret  was  also 
expressed  at  the  appearance  of  an  article  by  a  prominent 
Pennsylvania  druggist  advocating  the  use  of  wood  alcohol  in 
certain  drugs. 

The  poor  quality  of  powdered  asafetida  received  attention  in 
a  paper  by  Mr.  Ziefie.  Some  considered  this  article  a  malodo- 
rous pharmaceutical  monstrosity,  and.  should  be  relegated  to 
the  scrap  heap. 

Dr.  Kebler  called  attention  to  the  results  of  tlie  examination 
made  on  drugs  collected  in  the  District  of  Columbia,  stating 
that  there  was  need  of  improvement  in  the  District,  as  well 
as  in  the  States.  Considerable  leniency  had  been  extended  to 
the  drug  trade,  but  it  was  decided  to  make  it  possible  to 
purchase  as  good  drugs  in  the  District  of  Columbia  as  in 
other  sections  of  the  United  States.  He  stated  that  extreme 
leniency  was  sho^vn.  In  fact,  he  believed  that  the  leniency 
was  subject  to  criticism  in  some  quarters.  For  example,  not  a 
single  druggist  was  cited  whose  tincture  of  iodine  came  within 
20  per  cent,  of  the  Pharmacopoeia!  standard.  Yet  with  this 
■  exceeding  liberality,  a  goodly  number  of  samples  were  found 
wanting.  The  same  leniency  has  been  extended  to  other  drugs 
examined. 

False  Advertising. 

Dr.  S.  J.  Crumbine  discussed  the  subject  of  false  adver- 
tising, and  referred  particularly  to  the  deception  practiced  by 
nostrum  manufacturers.  He  referred  to  the  influence  for  good 
of  advertising  clubs  throughout  the  country  in  eliminating  fraud 
and  deception  from  advertising  columns.  There  have  been  a 
number  of  State  laws  enacted  to  punish  misrepresentations  of 
an   advertising  character. 

R.  M.  Allen,  of  Kentucky,  stated  that  editors  and  managers 
of  papers  should  not  be  held  responsible.  Attention  was  called, 
however,  to  the  fact  that   in  some  instances,  at  least,   editors 


had   full   knowledge   of   the   fraud   and   deception,   and   under 
such  conditions  should  certainly  be  held  responsible. 
Contaminated   Water. 

Dr.  Crumbine  also  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  much  of 
the  water  used  in  the  manufacture  of  soft  drinks  was  con- 
taminated. He  urged  careful  investigation  of  this  matter.  It 
is  believed  by  some  tliat  carbon  dioxide  gas  destroys  bacteria 
in  impregnated  liquids.  Others  tliink  this  is  incorrect. 
Habit-Forming    Agents. 

Dr.  C.  E.  Caspar!  referred  to  habit-forming  agents  and  was 
of  the  opinion  Uiat  this  line  of  drugs  should  not  form  a  part 
of  the  work  of  food  and  drug  commissioners.  He  thought  that 
these  officials  had  ample  work  to  do  and  that  the  enforcing 
of  laws  dealing  with  narcotics  is  quite  well  attended  to  '.  v 
Ijoards  of  pharmacy.  The  fact  was  brought  out  that  in  a 
number  of  the  States  the  food  and  drug  commissioners  did  the 
most  effective  work  in  conjunction  with  habit-forming  agents. 
The  general  belief  prevailed  that  the  enforcement  of  a  law 
nmst  be  placed  in  the  hands  of  disinterested  parties  or  the 
results  will  be  unsatisfactory. 

Manufacturer's    Day. 

To  give  manufacturers  an  opportunity  to  be  heard  was  an 
innovation  for  this  organization.  .^  goodly  number  of  indus- 
tries were  represented,  as  well  as  the  Chamber  of  Commerce 
of  the  United  States.  The  industry,  however,  of  special  con- 
cern to  the  drug  trade  was  that  represented  by  J.  Fred  Win- 
dolph,  of  the  Norwich  Pharmacal  Co.  In  common  with  all 
other  speakers  representing  industry,  he  appreciated  greatly  the 
opportunity  afforded  them  to  present  their  side  of  the  case. 
He  stated  that  the  organization  he  had  the  honor  to  represent — 
the  American  .Association  of  Pharmaceutical  Chemists — was 
the  oldest  of  its  character  in  the  United  States,  and  its  purpose 
was  mutual  protection  and  improvement.  The  members  of 
that  organization,  he  said,  did  not  manufacture  so-called  patent 
medicines,  but  prepared  medications  from  well-known  formulas 
for  the  purpose  of  alleviating  human  suffering.  Substitution 
was  deprecated  to  the  utmost.  The  industry  he  represented 
involved  a  multiplicity  of  details  and  required  exacting  super- 
vision regarding  the  purity,  nature  and  character  of  the  initial 
ingredients  used,  thus  requiring  an  examination  not  only  of 
the  initial  ingredients,  but  of  the  finished  product  as  well. 
As  would  readily  be  seen,  a  corps  of  chemists  for  this  work 
was  required.  The  purpose  of  the  association  was  to  be 
right  and  stay  right.  The  members  greatly  appreciated  all 
assistance  given  them  by  the  commissioners  and  others.  In 
this  connection  he  spoke  very  favorably  of  the  work  embodied 
in  Dr.  Kebler's  paper  now  appearing  in  th;  Journal  of  the 
American  Pharmaceutical  Association,  on  the  tablet  industry. 
Formerly  the  members  of  the  .^..A.Ph.C.  worked  inde- 
pendently, but  now  they  are  working  and  meeting  to  discuss 
problems  of  mutual  interest  and  improvement.  "Our  slogan," 
said  he.   "is  harmony,   improvement   and   co-operation." 

A  dealer  in  one  of  the  other  industries  gave  some  very 
wholesome  advice  relative  to  cleanliness.  He  advised  looking 
into  the  sleeping  and  breeding  places  of  cats,  rats,  mice  and 
flies.  He  called  attention  to  the  great  menace  of  the  rat  and 
referred  to  rodents  as  expensive  tenants.  His  advice  to  all 
was  embodied  in  this  p^hrase,  "Either  to  clean  up  or  shut  up"; 
not   only  "swatting  the  fly,   but  also  batting  the  rat." 

The  next  meeting  of  the  association  will  be  held  in  Berkeley, 
Cal.,  in  1915,  the  time  to  be  designated  by  the  executive 
committee. 


HARRISON  BILL,  No.  6282,  PASSES  SENATE. 


Receives    Many   Unimportant    Amendments    But    Ex- 
empts Physicians,  etc.,  from  Record  Provisions. 

The  Harrison  anti-narcotic  bill.  H.R.  62S2,  was  recently 
passed  by  the  Senate  at  Washington  after  having  received  some 
35  amendments,  most  of  which  are  reported  to  be  of  minor 
importance.  The  principal  change  made  in  the  bill  by  the 
Senate  was  the  exclusion  of  physicians,  dentists  and  veterinarians 
from  the  provision  requiring  the  keeping  of  records  of  the 
giving  of  narcotic  drugs.  As  will  be  seen  in  the  report  of  the 
recent  X.A.R.D.  convention,  presented  upon  another  page,  this 
exemption  is  strenuously  opposed  by  the  retail  trade.  The 
scope  of  the  bill  is  also  extended  by  amendment  to  insular 
possessions  and  the  sale  of  the  narcotics  provided  for  is  per- 
mitted to  army  and  navy  and  other  hospitals  and  prisons,  and 
to  State  governments  and  political  sub-divisions. 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


429 


National  Association  Retail  Druggists  Meet  at  Philadelphia. 


Work  of  the  organization  epitomized  in  a  series  of  resolutions 
relating  to  many  fields  of  endeavor — Samuel  C.  Henry,  of 
Philadelphia,  the  new  president — Price-maintenance  legis- 
lative effort  endorsed — To  work  for  special  internal  revenue 
stamp  for  druggists  who  sell  liquors  for  medicinal  purposes 
only — Price  standardization  and  one-cent  postage — List  of 
prominent  exhibitors. 

THE  16th  annual  convention  of  the  National  Association 
of  Retail  Druggists,  although  marked  by  a  registration  of 
almost  1500  and  a  seated  delegation  of  154,  was  rather 
passive  in  nature,  the  organization  having  well  under  way  the 
matters  of  vital  importance  to  the  retail  trade.  Much  of  the 
■business  of  the  convention  consisted  in  affirming  or  reaffirming 
the  stand  of  the  association  on  issues  of  which  the  delegates 
were  well  "informed  and  upon  which  they  were  practically 
unanimous  in  opinion.  The  intense  heat  had  much  to  do  with 
curbing  any  inclination  to  unusual  activity,  and  on  at  least 
■one  occasion  it  looked  as  though  the  presiding  officer  would 
not  succeed  in  assembling  a  quorum  to  consider  the  scheduled 
business. 

Samuel  C.  Henry,  of  Philadelphia,  was  elected  president  for 
the  ensuing  year.     The  other  officers  elected  were: 

First  vice-president,  A.  S.  Ludwig,  St.  Louis;  2d  vice- 
president,  W.  H.  Humphrey,  Huntsville,  Ala. ;  3d  vice-president, 
T.  C.  Coltman,  Lagunta,  Colo. ;  secretary',  Thomas  H.  Potts, 
Chicago;  treasurer.  Grant  W.  Stevens,  Detroit,  Mich;  execu- 
tive committee,  T.  S.  Armstrong,  Plainfield,  N.T.,  two  years, 
to  succeed  S.  C.  Henrv';  James  F.  Finneran,  Boston,  three 
years,  and  Robert  J.  Frick,  Louisville,  Ky.,  three  years. 

The  rise  in  price  of  imported  drugs  coincident  with  the 
state  of  war  in  Europe  was  the  cause  for  a  resolution  presented 
by  J.  H.  Rehfuss,  of  Brooklyn.  It  was  adopted  after  an  ex- 
tended discussion  and  a  copy  ordered  sent  to  the  U.S.  -Attorney- 
General.     The  resolution  follows: 

Whereas,  There  exists  because  of  the  European  war,  a 
scarcity  of  drugs  and  chemicals  and  sick-room  necessities  em- 
ployed in  the  conservation  of  the  health  of  the  people  of  this 
country;   and 

Where.\s.  The  welfare  of  the  nation  demands  that  every 
effort  should  be  made  to  conserve  the  existing  supply  of  these 
articles;  and 

Whereas,  It  is  common  knowledge  that  many  wholesale 
dealers  in  and  manufacturers  of  drugs,  chemicals,  and  medici- 
nal products,  employed  in  relieving  the  conditions  of  the  sick, 
are  displaying  a  lack  of  humanitarianism  and  patriotism  by 
taking  advantage  of  the  grave  conditions  that  confront  the 
American  people,  to  advance  unnecessarily  the  price  of  the 
essential  medicinal  commodities:  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  N.A.R.D.,  through  its  committees  and 
organization  forces,  and  the  efforts  of  its  individual  members, 
extend  every  assistance  to  local.  State  and  Federal  governments 
in  conserving  the  supply  of  drugs  and  medicines  and  preventing 
forestalling,  and  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  N.A.R.D.  hereby  condemns  most 
vigorously  the  practices  of  those  wholesale  dealers  and  manu- 
facturers in  the  drug  field,  who  have  needlessly  advanced  the 
price  of  many  of  the  products  they  supply. 

Mr.  Rehfuss  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  retailers  were 
being  gouged.  He  presented  one  specific  instance.  Mr.  Guil- 
ford, whose  signature  was  also  on  the  resolution,  asserted  that 
there  was  no  doubt  that  a  concerted  effort  was  being  made  by 
the  wholesalers  to  advance  prices  and  the  public  should  be 
informed  as  to  who  was  raising  the  price  of  medicines.  It 
was  also  contended  that  there  was  no  reason  why  the  prices 
of  articles  of  domestic  manufacture  should  be  increased. 
Thomas  Stoddart,  of  Buffalo,  assumed  that  the  gentlemen 
piesenting  the  resolution  must  have  some  facts  at  hand  and 
thought  that  anyone  knowing  of  a  combine  of  wholesalers  or 
manufacturers  to  raise  prices  on  account  of  the  war  should 
inform  their  district  attorney  thereof.  T.  S.  Armstrong,  of 
Plainfield,  X.J.,  also  thought  that  facts  should  be  presented. 
"The  substantial  wholesalers  are  as  honest  as  we  are,"  ae 
asserted. 

At  a  protracted  night  session  the  association  acted  upon  the 
resolutions  which  had  been  presented  by  delegates  to  the  com- 
mittee on  resolutions,  and  had  in  turn  received  that  body's 
.  approval  or  disapproval.     In  substance,   the   resolutions  which 


the  committee  recommended  for  adoption,   and  the  action  of 
the  convention,  follow: 

I.  The  incoming  president  be  instructed  to  appoint  a  committee 
of  three  to  confer  with  similar  committees  from  other  organizations 
upon  the  advisability  of  forming  a  congress  of  National  Drug  and 
Pharmaceutical  bodies  under  the  auspices  of  the  American  Phar- 
maceutical Association  .  .  .  and  the  result  of  this  conference 
shall  be  reported  to  the  several  organizations  represented  and  to 
tlie  A. Ph. A  at  their  1915  annual  meetings,  with  such  recommenda- 
tions as  may  be  agreed  upon.    Approved. 

2-  The  N.A.R.D.  recommends  that  manufacturers  of  eth-pharmal 
and  specialty  products  place  "retail  selling  prices"  on  the  con- 
tainers of  their  products.  It  is  believed  that  the  execution  of 
this  suggestion  will  create  a  better  commercial  feeling  between 
the  manufacturers,  the  retail  druggist  and  the  consumer.    Approved. 

3.  That  the  association  put  forth  every  honorable  effort  to  secure 
the  passage  of  a  law  that  will  more  strongly  differentiate  between 
the  medicinal  and  beverage  sales  of  alcohol  than  the  present  laws 
do,  and  that  every  effort  be  made  to  secure  the  passage  of  a  law 
reducing  the  alcohol  tax  of  retail  druggists  to  the  sum  of  five 
dollars.    Approved. 

4.  That  the  association  urge  all  its  members  and  retail  phar- 
macists m  general  throughout  the  U.S.  to  have  the  name  of  the 
pharmacist  in  charge  of  any  drug  store  displayed  prominently  and 
permanently  either  above  the  door  of  his  place  of  business  or  on 
the  show  windows,  and  that  the  N.A.R.D.  through  its  proper 
ofiicers  and  committees  attempt  as  soon  as  possible  to  have  this 
regulation  enacted  into  a  law  through  all  the  States.  This  in 
view  of  the  fact  that  the  number  of  pharmacies  operated  under 
company  names  or  other  impersonal  firm  names  is  increasing  and 
in  that  such  a  condition  tends  to  diminish  pride  in  professional 
excellence  on  the  part  of  individual  pharmacists,  makes  for  the 
lessening  of  individual  responsibility  and  renders  more  diflScult  the 
enforcement  of  the  pharmacy  laws.  Approved.  An  unsuccessful 
attempt  was  made  to  amend  this  resolution. 

5.  That  N.A.R.D.  reiterate  its  objection  to  the  retail  liquor 
dealer  s  special  tax  required  of  druggists  and  that  a  suitable 
memorandum  of  this  protest  be  submitted  by  the  secretary  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  U.S.  Treasury  and  .  .  .  that  the  association 
respectfully  request  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  to  give  an 
oflicial  opinion  as  to  why  retail  druggists  should  be  compelled  to 
pay   this   tax.     Approved. 

6.  That  the  members  once  more  declare  themselves  for  the  stand- 
ard of  $2,  S4  and  $8  or  better  per  dozen  or  less  on  all  patent 
medicines  marketed  by  them  and  call  upon  all  manufacturers  to 
conform  to  it  in  the  marketing  of  their  products,  and  .  .  .  that 
in  the  future  all  contracts  for  advertising  trade-mark  preparations 
upon  which  there  is  a  set  retail  price  and  for  which  over  ^,  $4 
and  $8  wholesale  is  asked  be  discouraged.  This,  in  view  of  the 
fact  that  the  journal  of  the  N.A.R.D.  has  accepted  advertising 
from  manufacturers  who  have  stood  aloof  from  the  association's 
appeal  to  conform  with  the  $2,  $4  and  $8  basis.    Approved. 

7-  That  the  N.A.R.D.  heartily  endorses  the  Stevens  bill  and 
calls  on  Congress  to  enact  it  into  law  at  the  present  session,  and 
commends  the  utterances  of  President  Wilson  at  Philadelphia,  on 
October  29,   1912,   when   in  defining  his  policy   he   said: 

"Safeguard  American  men  against  unfair  competition  and  they 
will  take  care  of  themselves.  If  you  make  the  processes  by  which 
small  men  are  undersold  in  particular  markets  criminal;  if  you 
penalize  in  the  same  way  those  discriminations  by  which  retail 
dealers  are  punished,  if  they  deal  in  the  goods  of  anybody  except 
t^e  big  manufacturers;  if  you  see  to  it  that  raw  materials  are  sold 
upon  the  same  terms  to  everybody;  if  you  see  that  the  closed 
market  for  credit  is  opened  up  by  a  very  different  banking  svstem, 
then  you  have  freed  America,  and  1,  for  my  part,  am  willing  to 
stop  there  and  see  who  has  the  best  brains." 

That  the  aelegates  pledge  him  their  earnest  support  in  any 
effort  he  may  make  to  enforce  the  principles  of  equal  rights  and 
equal  opportunity  to  honest  dealing  with  the  consuming  public. 
Approved. 

S.  That  the  N.A.R.D.  executive  committee  be  instructed  to  give 
the  extensions  of  the  service  features  their  serious  consideration 
at  the  December  meeting  of  their  committee.  Approved.  Resolu- 
tion was  based  on  actual  experience  of  the  C.R.D.A.,  the  members 
of  which  were  of  the  opinion  that  the  service  features,  if  extended, 
'vculd  become  much  more  useful  to  the  members. 

?.  That  the  public  relations  of  the  association  be  put  in  the 
hands  of  a  committee  consisting  of  one  man  from  every  State,  to 
operate  under  the  direction  of  the  editor  of  the  Journal,  and  the 
Washington  representative.    Approved. 

10.  That  the  N.A.R.D.  congratulates  the  lav  press  upon  its 
acuteness  (in  omitting  in  the  past  several  months  the  names  of 
poisons  used  in  suicide  cases)  in  the  cause  of  humanity,  and  hopes 
to  see  the  improvement  eventually  extended  to  all  lay  publications. 
Approved. 

II.  This  eleventh  resolution  was  regarded  as  "unfortunate"  in 
its  wording  and  was  referred  back  to  the  committee  on  resolutions 
and  the  delegates  who  had  drafted  it  for  revamping.  It  aimed  to 
effect  the  formation  of  an  effective  legislative  organization  which 
should  contain  representation  from  each  State,  and  should  replace 
the  previous  small  committee,  either  as  a  newly  constructed  com- 
mittee or  as  an  auxiliary  organization.  Each  State  representative 
should  be  the  head  of  a  subordinate  body  of  county  representatives 
from  his  respective  State. 

12.  That  the  N.A.R.D.  condemns  as  "unfair"  the  giving  of 
rebates  of  all  kinds  bv  coupons,  or  otherwise,  and  that  copies  of 
this  resolution  be  forwarded  to  President  Wilson  and  to  every 
member  of  Congress.    Approved. 

13.  That  the  N.A.R.D.  re-endorse  its  action  anent  one-cent  letter 
postage  (endorsed  at  Cincinnati  in  Aug.,  1913),  and  co-operate  with 
the  American  Bankers*  Association  in  the  movement  for  one-cent 
letter  postage,    and    instruct    the   secretary    to  continue   his   efforts 


430 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


r  September,  1914 


to  accomplish  the  results  which  the  National  Oiie-Ccnt  Letter 
Postage  Association   is  endeavoring  to  secure.    Approved. 

H.  That  the  N.A.R.U.  strenuously  oppose  a  stamp  tax  on  pro- 
prietary medicines  and  toilet  articles.  Approved.  The  preamble 
of  this  resolution  recites  the  fact  that  the  war  in  Europe  has 
caused  a  falling  off  in  import  revenues  and  the  Departments  at 
Washington  are  proposing  a  revenue  stamp  tax  to  make  up  the 
dericiency.  As  usual,  such  tax  will  fall  most  heavily  upon  the 
retail  dniggists,  as  proposed  stamps  will  be  required  on  all  pro- 
prietary medicines,  toilet  articles,  checks,  deeds,  mortgages,  etc. 
Proprietors  will  add  the  tax  to  the  price  of  their  products  and 
.  .  .  the  additional  price  will  always  remain.  A  protest  against 
this  tax  "on  our  part  will  probably  be  useless,  as  the  money  is 
needed  and  this  is  an  easy  method  of  obtaining  it.  Recent  events 
make  it  clear  that  druggists  must  fight  their  own  battles  and  that 
the  N.A.R.D.  is  the  organization  to  whom  "we"  must  look  to 
protect  "our"   interests. 

15.  That  the  work  of  organizing  a  country-wide  auxiliary  legis- 
lative committee,  be  continued  until  every  State  and  T^ritory  is 
so  organized.    Approved. 

Id  Original  resolution  that  the  delegates  approve  the  Harrison 
bill,  provided  that  its  requirements  are  applicable  to  all  alike, 
was  not  approved.  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  of  Brooklyn,  pointing  out 
that  it  had  very  probably  been  drafted  before  the  bill  passed  the 
Senate.  A  substitute  resolution  was  approved  placing  the  bill  in 
the  hands  of  the  executive  and  legislative  committees  with  full 
power  to  act. 

17.  A  further  endorsement   of  the   Stevens  bill.     Not  considered. 

18.  That  the  association  approves  and  will  support  the  Hinebau^h 
bill   for  the  taxation  of  mail  order  business.     Approved. 

19.  That  the  association  favors  an  amendment  to  the  Food  and 
Drug  Act  that  will  establish  a  single  standard  for  official  drugs 
and  preparations.    Approved. 

20.  That  the  association  is  strongly  opposed  to  the  further  ex- 
tension of  the  parcels  post  system,  and  is  strongly  opposed  to  the 
autocratic  powers  invested  in  the  Post  Office  Department,  for 
making    rules   and    regulations.     Approved. 

21.  That  the  association  favors  one-cent  postage  on  first-class 
matter.    Approved. 

22.  Opposing  the  creation  of  a  National  Department  of  Health, 
unless  pharmacy,  as  an  allied  profession,  be  recognized  in  its 
make-up.    Approved. 

23.  That  the  association  urge  upon  the  revision  committee  the 
desirability  of  providing  for  an  official  form  for  tablets  of  bichlo- 
ride of  mercury.    Approved. 

24.  Favoring  legislation  that  will  forbid  the  distribution,  in 
interstate  commerce,   of  convict-made  goods.    Approved. 

25.  Heartily  endorsing  the  great  work  being  done  by  the  Ameri- 
can Fair  Trade  League,  in  the  interest  of  Price  Maintenance 
legislation.    Approved. 

26.  Instructing  the  legislative  committee  to  cause  the  introduc- 
tion into  Congress  of  a  bill  to  provide  for  a  nominal  tax  upon_  the 
sale  of  alcoholic  liquors,  when  sold  by  pharmacists  for  medicinal, 
mechanical  and  scientific  purposes  only,  and  that  a  special  stamp 
be   issued  for  this   purpose.    Approved. 

27.  That  the  association  use  every  effort  to  the  end  that  T.D. 
153  be  so  modified  as  to  properly  protect  retailers.   Approved. _ 

28.  That  the  association  continue  its  support  of  legislation  to 
improve  the  condition  of  pharmacists  in  the  army  and  navy. 
Approved. 

"Zi.  Approving  any  legislation  that  will  suppress  fraudulent  or 
misleading   advertising.     Approved. 

30.  That  the  N.A.R.D.  make  strenuous  efforts  to  bring  about  a 
general  increase  in  compensation  to  druggists  having  postal  sta- 
tions.   Approved. 

31.  That  the  secretary,  and  when  convenient,  the  president, 
attend   State    association   meetings   whenever   possible.     Approved.^ 

The  committee  disapproved  of  resolutions  calling  for 
the  following  actions :  Fixing  the  date  of  future  meet- 
ings in  September,  or  later;  basing  State  representation 
on  convention  committees  in  proportion  to  delegates 
present ;  asking  manufacturers  of  nationally  advertised 
goods  to  appropriate  part  of  their  advertising  appro- 
priation for  the  use  of  retailers  who  made  window 
displays  of  such  goods;  withdrawing  the  N.A.R.D. 
from  membership  in  the  U.S.  Chamber  of  Commerce; 
fixing  delegate  representation  at  conventions  in  a  ratio 
of  one  delegate  to  ten  dues-paid  members;  and  refus- 
ing to  consider  San  Francisco  as  a  meeting-place  for 
1915. 

K  resolution  tendering  to  J.  Leyden  White  and  his 
assbtants  the  thanks  of  the  association  for  his  work 
in  endeavoring  to  remedy  the  cut-price  evil,  and  direct- 
ing the  new  administration  to  retain  him  in  his  pres- 
ent capacity,  giving  him  every  possible  assistance,  was 
referred  to  the  executive  committee,  as  was  a  resolu- 
tion providing  that  permanent  legislative  counsel  be 
secured,  and  also  one  expressing  the  belief  that  the 
Harrison  Anti-Narcotic  Bill  H.R.  6282,  with  the  Nel- 
son amendment,  and  the  Stevens  Price  Standardization 
Bill  H.R.  13305,  should  be  passed  for  public  protec- 
tion. The  Harrison  bill  was  referred  back  to  committee  in 
order  that  reference  to  the  Nelson  amendment  might 
be  omitted.  Similar  action  was  taken  on  a  resolution 
seeking  to  place  the  names  of  two  physicians  on  the 
mailing  list  of  Therapeutic  Topics  for  each  dues- 
paid  member. 


During  the  convention  it  was  announced  by  President  Fin- 
neran  that  the  Harrison  bill  had  passed  the  Senate  in  such 
form  as  to  exempt  physicians  from  tlie  recording  provisions, 
the  very  feature  which  the  druggists  had  fought  so  hard  to  have 
incorporated  therein.  Mr.  Finneran  urged  every  delegate  pres- 
ent to  telegraph  his  representative  immediately  of  the  unsatis- 
factory character  of  the  bill.  Secretary  Potts  was  also  directed 
to  send  telegrams  to  Senators  Thomas  and  Smoot,  Secretaries 
Garrison  and  Mc.\doo,  and  President  Wilson,  expressing  the 
N.A.R.D.'s  dissatisfaction  with  the  bill  passed. 

President  James  F.  Finneran's  annual  report  contained  no 
direct  recommendations.  It  was,  however,  an  interesting 
resume  of  the  work  of  the  association  during  the  past  year 
and  of  events  pertinent  to  the  retail  drug  trade.  Mr.  Finneran 
sought  to  impress  upon  the  convention  the  need  of  a  greater 
membership.  "It  is  an  undisputed  fact  that  an  organization 
composed  of  practically  everj'  retail  druggist  in  the  cotmtry 
would  be  much  more  influential  than  one  which  had  only  one- 
half  of  the  druggists  as  members." 

President  Finneran  called  attention  to  the  continuous  cam- 
paign being  waged  through  the  association's  U.S. P.  and  N.F. 
propaganda  work  in  the  interest  of  the  professional  side  of 
the  business.  The  propaganda  work,  however,  was  only  in  its 
infancy  and  should  be  broadened  out  from  year  to  year. 

Anent  the  association's  membership  in  the  U.S.  Chamber  of 
Commerce,  the  president  recommended  to  the  members  of  the 
incoming  executive  committee  the  desirability  of  continuing  the 
same.  Relative  to  business  conditions,  he  stated  that  from 
such  information  as  can  be  obtained  from  all  sources,  it  was 
evident  that  the  majority  of  retail  druggists  were  in  better 
condition  financially  today  than  they  w-ere  five  years  ago.  The 
main  reason  for  this  improved  condition  he  ascribed  to  the 
fact  that  the  members,  through  N..\.R.D.  activities,  had 
begun  to  realize  the  possibilities  of  an  increase  of  patronage 
through  better  service,  more  attractive  stores,  a  better  assort- 
ment of  merchandise  and  more  solicitous  service. 

The  N.A.R.D.  must  work  with  other  retail  organizations 
to  the  end  that  some  mark  of  identification  acceptable  to  the 
department  at  Washington — that  will  clearly  establish  the  fact 
as  far  as  the  retailer  is  concerned  that  the  manufacturer  is 
willing  to  stand  behind  the  statements  made  upon  the  label  of 
the  various  preparations  or  articles  which  they  offer  for  sale — 
shall  be  adopted. 

President  Finneran  explained  how  the  executive  committee 
had  come  to  form  the  National  post  offices  committee  on  sub- 
stations. The  members  of  the  former  committee  had  obtained 
information  from  various  parts  of  the  country  that  many  of 
the  members  had  post  office  sub-stations  and  were  in  a  great 
many  cases  receiving  inadequate  compensation.  By  co-opera- 
tive efforts,  a  number  of  these  sub-station  clerks  had  been 
enabled  to  have  their  compensation  increased  to  a  considerable 
degree.  The  new  committee  was  deemed  advisable  so  that  all 
the  necessary  information  relative  to  the  work  could  be  gathered 
together  by  one  committee  and  handled  in  an  intelligent 
manner. 

The  work  of  16  years  on  cut  prices  on  patent  and  pro- 
prietary articles  was  bearing  fruit,  according  to  Mr.  Finneran, 
but  the  members  "cannot  stop  now,  feeling  that  your  work  is 
completed."  "You  must  continue  to  work  hard  and  persistently 
in  favor  of  price  standardization  and  against  unfair  com- 
petition." 

Secretary  T.  H.  Potts  reported  that  the  organization's  State 
association  affiliations  had  been  increased  from  33  to  35,  Kan- 
sas and  Maine  having  reaffiliated.  The  number  of  local 
affiliated  associations  had  been  increased  from  1056  to  1068. 
The  organization  department  now  consists  of  six  men.  This, 
small  force  necessarily  causes  an  increase  of  territory  that  each 
has  to  cover. 

Relative  to  the  immense  amount  of  missionary  work  per- 
formed by  the  organization  force,  Mr.  Potts  cited  one  case  as 
an  illustration.  One  of  the  organizers  had  sent  him  the  in- 
formation that  70  retail  druggists  in  one  city  had  never  heard 
of  either  the  Harrison  or  the  Stevens  bill. 

Depressed  business  conditions  that  have  existed  during  all 
of  last  convention  year  caused  a  depreciation  in  the  asso- 
ciation's revenue  of  about  $8000.  A  decrease  in  expendittire  of 
about  $15,000  had  been  accomplished,  however,  and  a  net  gain 
had  been  made  of  $7000  over  the  year  previous.  The  secretary's 
financial  statement  showed  total  assets  of  $22,356,  total  liabili- 
ties $22,356,  the  latter  including  a  surplus  of  $18,846.  Trust 
funds   held    by   the   N.A.R.D.    consist   of   $1215,    organizers* 


September,  191i] 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


431 


security  on  deposit  in  bank,  82  cents,  N.A.R.D.  relief  fund 
balance  and  ?5000  N.A.R.D.  relief  fund  invested  in  mort- 
gage, against  which  is  a  $4000  loan. 

Treasurer  Grant  W.  Stevens  reported  total  receipts  amount- 
ing to  $'^0,298.75,  which  sum  included  dues  received  during 
past  year,  $20,883.25 ;  Journal  receipts  (subscriptions  and 
advertising),  $54,524;  Therapeutic  Topics  receipts,  ?771; 
U.S. P.  and  X.F.  propaganda,  $1015;  books  and  merchandise, 
$1758,  and  Cincinnati  convention  receipts,  $2558.  The  dis- 
bursements amounted  to  $78,287,  exclusive  of  a  $6000  mortgage, 
and  the  secretary  and  treasurer's  balances  of  $2000  and  $4011, 
respectively.  This  sum  included  the  following  items,  per  diem, 
mileage,  expense  of  executive  committee,  $1279 ;  expenses  of 
publicity  department,  $36,621;  expenses  of  organization  de- 
partment, $18,785;  expenses  of  Therapeutic  Topics,  $4684; 
expense  of  legislative  department,  $2365,  and  sales  department 
(books  and   merchandise),   $1171. 

A  very  extensive  recapitulation  of  the  national  pharmaceutical 
legislative  situation  as  it  existed  at  a  period  about  two  weeks 
previous  to  the  convention  was  presented  by  Charles  F.  Nixon, 
chairman  of  the  legislative  committee.  Alost  of  the  subject 
matter  of  the  report  has  been  covered  in  the  columns  of  the 
Era  as  it  came  up.  The  report  told  how  a  more  or  less  suc- 
cessful attempt  had  been  made  to  organize  each  State  so  that 
every  Senator  and  Congressman  could  be  quickly  reached  by 
one  of  his  own  druggist  constituents.  It  surtunarized  the 
work  of  the  National  Drug  Trade  Conference  and  the  part 
played  in  the  consummation  of  the  same  by  the  N.A.R.D. 
representatives,  President  Finneran,  Frank  H.  Freericks  and 
Charles  F.   Nixon. 

The  status  of  various  measures  was  elaborated  upon,  these 
including  the  various  bichloride  bills  introduced  into  Congress, 
the  Harrison  bill,  the  Stevens  price  maintenance  bill,  the 
Metz  price-maintenance  bill,  the  Covington  or  trade  commission 
bill,  the  Metz  bill  to  amend  the  patent  laws,  the  Hinebaugh 
bill  to  tax  mail  order  houses,  the  Sabath  bill  which  aims  to 
reconstruct  the  pure  food  and  drugs  law,  the  "net  weight"  law, 
the  Hughes-Bacon  bill  to  improve  the  condition  of  pharmacists 
in  the  army,  the  Underwood  bill  to  tax  trading  coupons,  the 
"book  trust"  decision  won  by  R.  H.  Macy  &  Co.,  treasury 
decisions  153  and  155,  abolishing  the  serial  number  and  guar- 
antee legend :  and  treasury  decision,  33,456,  providing  for  a 
sworn  declaration  of  all  purchasers  of  cocaine,  coca  or  any  of 
their  products. 

Issues  before  the  drug  trade  were  touched  upon,  including 
false  and  misleading  advertising,  national  prohibition,  the 
enlargement  of  the  parcels  post  system,  one-cent  postage,  the 
unjust  treatment  of  druggists  having  contract  postal  stations, 
the  necessity  of  proper  protection  to  the  retailer  in  view  of  the 
abolition   of  the  serial  number  and  guarantee  legend. 

The  committee  submitted  a  summary  of  recommendations 
for  the  action  of  the  association.  It  recommended  that  the 
work  of  organizing  a  country-wide  au.xiliary  legislative  com- 
mittee be  continued  until  every  State  and  territory  is  organized, 
that  the  association  reaffirm  its  approx'al  of  the  Harrison  bill, 
provided  that  its  requirements  are  applicable  to  all  alike;  that 
the  Stevens  bill,  H.R.  13,305,  be  heartily  endorsed  and  every 
effort  made  to  ensure  its  passage,  that  the  Hinebaugh  bill  for 
the  taxation  of  mail-order  business  be  supported,  that  the 
association  favor  an  amendment  to  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act 
that  will  establish  a  single  standard  for  official  drugs  and 
preparations,  that  it  is  strongly  opposed  to  the  further  exten- 
sion of  the  parcels  post  system,  and  strongly  opposed  to  the  auto- 
cratic powers  invested  in  the  Post  Office  Department,  for  mak- 
ing rules  and  regulations. 

The  committee  further  recommended  that  the  association 
favor  one-cent  postage  on  first-class  matter,  that  it  oppose  the 
creation  of  a  National  Department  of  Health,  unless  pharmacy, 
as  an  allied  profession,  be  recognized  in  its  make-i'p;  that  the 
association  urge  upon  the  revision  committee  of  the  U.S. P. 
the  desirability  of  providing  for  an  official  form  for  tablets  of 
bichloride  of  mercury,  that  it  favor  legislation  that  will  forbid 
the  distribution,  in  interstate  commerce,  of  convict-made  goods ; 
that  it  heartily  endorse  the  great  work  done  by  the  .American 
Fair  Trade  League,  in  the  interest  of  price-maintenance  legis- 
lation, that  it  instruct  the  legislative  committee  to  cause  the 
introduction  into  Congress  of  a  bill  to  provide  for  a  nominal 
tax  upon  the  sale  of  alcoholic  liquors,  when  sold  by  pharma- 
cists, for  medicinal,  mechanical  and  scientific  purposes  only, 
and  that  a  special  stamp  be  issued   for  this  purpose;   that  the 


association  use  every  effort  to  the  end  that  T.D.  153  be  so 
modified  as  to  properly  protect  retailers,  tliat  the  association 
continue  its  support  of  legislation  to  improve  the  condition 
of  pharmacists  in  the  U.S.  army  and  navy,  and  that  it  approve 
of  any  legislation  that  will  suppress  fraudulent  or  misleading 
advertising. 

Chas.  H.  Huhn  was  the  chairman  of  the  executive  committee, 
which  presented  an  extensive  report,  much  of  the  matter  in 
which  was  touched  upon  in  the  report  of  the  committee  on 
national  legislation. 

The  committee  regretted  that  the  apparent  fear  of  legal  en- 
tanglements on  the  part  of  the  wholesalers  had  resulted  in  the 
suspension  of  reciprocal  relations  with  the  N.W.D..A.  Quite 
different  in  contrast,  it  pointed  out,  were  the  relations  between 
the   Proprietary   Association  of  America  and  the  N.A.R.D. 

Throughout  an  entire  day  of  its  April  session  the  committee 
had  considered  the  proposition  to  take  over  the  Druggists' 
National  Home.  It  found  that  without  regard  to  its  limited 
powers  the  members  of  the  committee  could  not  consider  "the 
saddling  on  to  the  N..'\.R.D.  of  a  project  which,  to  say  the 
least,  would  have  bankrupted  this  organization  even  if  the 
Home  were  handed  over  free  from  debt  instead  of  having  to 
assume  an  initial  obligation  of  $50,000."  The  maintenance 
alone  would  have  been  a  vastly  larger  expense  than  the  N..A. 
R.D.  could  hope  to  assume. 

Wilhelm  Bodemann,  of  Chicago,  presented  the  report  of  the 
committee  on  telephones,  in  the  course  of  which  it  was  em- 
phasized as  a  fact  that  in  every  city  the  situation  lies  in  the 
hands  of  the  local  association  working  in  harmony  with  the 
telephone  companies.  The  committee  expressed  the  opinion 
that  the  trade  are  at  least  $250,000,000  "to  the  good"  since  the 
introduction  of  the  coin  box. 

.\  propaganda  experience  meeting  was  a  feature  of  the  con- 
vention presided  over  by  Frank  W.  Pfluck,  who  had  previously 
presented  the  report  of  the  committee  on  U.S. P.  and  N.F. 
propaganda.  Professor  E.  L.  Newcomb,  of  Minneapolis, 
elaborated  upon  propaganda  as  carried  on  in  Minnesota.  Pro- 
fessor Newcomb  brought  out  at  least  two  points — that  those 
who  have  had  to  do  with  the  handling  of  drugs  know  nothing 
of  them,  and  that  pharmacists  make  a  mistake  in  trying  to 
carry  on  propaganda  w-ith  200  drugs.  There  are  only  22  drugs 
upon  which  authorities  are  unanimous.  "Confine  your  efforts 
to  a  few  important  drugs,"  he  asserted. 

.Among  the  entertainment  features  arranged  for  the  visiting 
delegates  and  their  ladies  were  the  grand  ball  at  the  Bellevue- 
Stratford  Hotel,  the  trip  on  the  Delaware  River  to  Scottissue 
plant,  and  Wampole  day  at  Willow  Grove,  Henry  K.  'Wampole 
&  Co.,  Inc.,  being  the  hosts  at  the  latter  affair. 

A  drug  show  was  another  feature  of  the  convention.  It  was 
held  at  the  BelleTue-Stratford  and  proved  so  popular  with  the 
general  public  that  the  management  was  obliged  to  provide 
itself  with  police  protection.  Among  the  exhibitors  were  the 
De  Vilbiss  Manufacturing  Co.,  Emerson  Drug  Co.,  Tampa- 
Cuba  Cigar  Co.,  Johnson  &  Johnson,  S.  S.  White  Dental 
Manufacturing  Co.,  Richard  Hudnut,  The  -Aromint  Co.,  V.  H. 
Smith  &  Co..  Powers-Weightman-Rosengarten  Co.,  .Andrew 
Jergens  Co.,  Coca  Cola  Co.,  Bromo-Mint  Co.,  M.  P.  Gould 
Co.,  Blickensderfer  Manufacturing  Co.,  Taps  Pharmacal  Co., 
SchoU  Manufacturing  Co.,  Creighton  Sales  Co.,  Bromo-Lithia 
Co.,  N.A.R.D.,  Morgan  Drug  Co.,  Philadelphia  C.P.,  Car- 
penter Chemical  Co.,  Wm.  S.  Merrell  Chemical  Co.,  Chasco 
Co.,  Melba  Manufacturing  Co.,  Hy.  K.  Wampole  &  Co.,  Inc., 
Scott  Paper  Co.,  The  S.  &  S.  Water  Co.,  Torsion  Balance  Co., 
Wells  &  Richardson  Co.,  Welch's  Grape  Juice  Co.,  Stephen  F. 
Whitman  &  Son,  H.  O.  Wilbur  &  Son,  Inc.,  Horlick's  Malted 
Milk  Co.,  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.,  Smith,  Kline  &  French  Co., 
Colgate  &  Co.,  Myers  Manufacturing  Co.,  Otto  Eisenlahr  & 
Brothers,  Armour  Soap  Works,  J.  Hungerford  Smith'  Co., 
French  Lick  Springs  Hotel  Co.,  Schandein  &  Lind  Co.,  The 
Kolynos  Co.  and  E.  R.  Squibb  &  Sons. 


Chicago  Druggists  Held  Following  Opium  Raids,     ' 

Chicago,  Aug.  10.— Jules  Rivard  and  Viator  Rivard.  of 
Rivard  Bros.,  druggists,  601  South  Clark  street,  and  Joseph 
Langerman,  druggist  at  52  West  Harrison  street,  and  his 
manager,  Isador  L.  Berger,  were  held  in  $2500  bail  each  fol- 
lowing a  raid  of  the  two  drug  stores  by  Government  officials. 
The  men  were  charged  with  conspiracy  to  violate  the  Federal 
statute  prohibiting  the  illicit  manufacture  of  opium  for  smoking 
purposes. 


432 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[September,  1914 


AMONG  THE  ASSOCIATIONS. 


A  joint  dinner  cf  the  Dallas  County  (Texas)  R.D.A.  and 
the  Dallas  Retail  Drug  Clerks'  Association  was  held  at  the 
Oriental  Hotel  in  that  city  recently,  with  Dr.  C.  A.  Duncan 
a?  toastmaster.  The  toast  list  follows:  "Why  Our  .Annual 
Banquet?"  Dr.  E.  G.  Eb>.He:  Solo,  Mrs.  Jacob  Schrodt;  "The 
\'alue  of  Organization,"  Sam  V.  .\lthoff;  "Pharmaceuticals,"  R. 
J.  Bynum;  Solo,  J.  L.  Parchmann;  "Some  Incompatibilities  I 
know  Of,"  C.  O.  Lany.  J.  T.  Covington,  Cecil  Rogers  and 
John  T.  Coulson  constituted  the  arrangements  committee  for 
the  Dallas  County  Retail  Druggists'  Association,  and  A.  H. 
Sinclair,  Burns  Ashton  and  W.  J.  Powell  for  the  clerks' 
organization. 

The  Fitchburg  and  Leominster  (Mass.)  Druggists'  Associa- 
tion elected  the  following  officers  at  its  recent  annual  meeting: 
President,  Iliiiry  A.  Estabrook,  Fitchburg;  vice-president,  E.  E. 
liurdette,  I  ominster;  treasurer,  Roscoe  Howe;  secretary,  J.  C. 
Roy:  executive  committee,  Johi.  F.  Hayes,  C.  F.  Ni.\on,  Frank 
H.  Moore  and  Clinton  R.  Da\is.  The  candidacy  of  John  F. 
Hayes  for  membership  on  .iie  State  Board  was  endorsed. 
C.  F.  Ni.xon  was  elected  delegate  to  the  N..\.R.D.  convention. 
Clinton  R.  Davis  and  A.  T.  .McFarland  were  elected  members. 
The  attendance  was  about  2i..  L.  O.  L'Espcrance,  president 
for  the  past  three  years,  declined  re-election. 

.\  druggists'  unit  of  the  Merchants'  Auxiliary  of  the  Ham- 
mond (Ind.)  Chani'oer  of  C(  nmierce  was  formed  at  a  recent 
meeting.  Harry  Weis  was  made  chairman  and  Carl  Nelson, 
secr;t.T.-y.  They  will  work  for  co-operation  among  themselves 
and  the  ether  merchants  of  the  city.  A  "Booster  Day"  move- 
•^.ent  launched  by  the  auxiliary  will  receive  their  support. 
.\fter  i>crfecting  the  local  orsa.iization  the  druggists  will  work 
to  build  up  a  county  organization.  Present  at  the  meeting 
^'■ere  :Messrs.  Weis,  Nelson,  Aubrey,  Kepert,  Norris,  Joseph 
Weis,  Negle  and  Summers. 

The  members  of  the  Dubuque  (Iowa)  Retail  Druggists' 
Association  recently  had  "the  time  of  their  lives"  at  the  annual 
picnic  held  at  White  City,  one  of  the  best  and  largest  of  these 
affairs  which  the  organization  has  ever  arranged.  About  75 
people  were  in  the  party  that  set  out  early  in  the  day  and 
after  the  tents  were  pitched  about  25  physicians  arrived.  A 
baseball  game,  in  which  the  physicians  were  badly  beaten,  was 
a  feature.    "Gov."  Torbett,  veteran  druggist,   umpired. 

Two  hundred  members  of  the  Toledo  (Ohio)  Drug  Club, 
some  of  them  accompanied  by  their  wives  and  sweethearts, 
recently  picnicked  at  Monroe  Piers.  They  arrived  at  Monroe, 
Mich.,  aboard  four  special  interurban  cars  and  paraded  through 
the  streets.  The  parade  was  headed  by  President  Paul  A. 
Loesser  and  other  officers.  Following  were  six  girls  in  white. 
A  band  added  to  the  stir  created  in  the  city  by  the  peaceful 
invaders. 

The  American  Medico-Pharmaceutical  League's  executive 
committee  appointed  delegates  at  its  recent  monthly  meeting  to 
work  with  a  committee  of  100  citizens  to  secure  a  high  school 
for  East  New  York.  The  assistance  of  the  league  was  urged 
in  this  direction.  Samuel  F.  Brothers,  secretary,  reported  275 
new  members  elected  during  the  past  15  months. 

The  Indianapolis  Retail  Drug  Clerks'  Association  and  the 
Order  of  White  Elephants,  consisting  of  retail  druggists  of 
Indianapolis,  recently  held  their  annual  picnic  north  of  Broad 
Ripple  at  the  Ripple  Outing  Club.  A  picnic  supper,  athletic 
events  and  a  circus  in  which  members  of  the  organization 
appeared  to  advantage,  were  special  attractions. 

The  Meyer  Brothers  Employees'  Mutual  Aid  Association 
recently  elected  the  following  officers:  President,  C.  A.  lorns; 
vice-president,  J.  H.  Brandau;  secretary,  F.  J.  Bitner;  treasurer, 
E.  J.  Habegger,  directors,  Frank  Decker,  S.  B.  Simpson,  P.  J. 
Singer,  L.  Heilman,  J.  J.  Wei'.er,  Charles  Sublette,  J.  Weitz, 
Theodore  Schroeder  and  J.  G.  Finnegan. 

The  Syracuse  Druggists'  Association  on  June  11  elected  the 
following  officers:  President,  T.  B.  Furnival;  vice-president, 
William  J.  Smith;  secretary,  Frank  J.  Lawyer;  treasurer, 
Louis  E.  Ireland;  executive  committee,  W.  B.  Bunker,  F.  K. 
Heldman  and  Robert  Van  Wagner.  The  Boylan  law  and  the 
Stevens  bill  were  discussed. 

The  Women's  Pharmaceutical  Association  of  the  Pacific 
Coast  has  appointed  the  following  delegates  to  the  meeting  of 
the  .\.Ph.A.  to  be  held  in  Detroit  this  month:  Miss  Clarissa 
M.  Roehr  and  Dr.  Josephine  Barbat  Winslow,  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, and  Mrs.  K.  K.  Voluntine,  of  Palo  Alto. 


The  Scranton  (Pa.)  Retail  Druggists'  Association  elected 
as  officers  at  a  recent  meeting  the  following:  President,  Wm.  H. 
Knoepel ;  secretary  and  treasurer,  John  J.  Davies.  Julius  G. 
Bone,  of  Dunmore,  was  named  as  a  delegate  to  the  A. Ph. A. 
convention.     Next  meeting  at  call  of  chair. 

The  sixth  annual  convention  of  Manchuria  pharmacists  was 
held  at  the  Dalny  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  on  June 
22.  Japanese  members  were  present  from  Dairen,  Liushutun, 
Port  .-\rthur,  Wafangticn,  Yingkou,  Fushun,  Mukden,  Antung, 
Tiehling,   Kungchuling  and   Changchun. 

The  West  Tennessee,  West  Kentucky  and  East  Arkansas 
Medical,  Dental  and  Pharmaceutical  .Association,  composed  of 
negro  doctors,  dentists  and  druggists,  held  its  19th  semi-annual 
session  at  the  Negro  Masonic  Temple,  Memphis,  recently,  with 
an  attendance  of  250  delegates. 

The  Cumberland  County  (Maine)  Pharmaceutical  Associa- 
tion held  its  annual  outing  at  Spurwink.  Senator  Murphy's 
baseball  team  lost  the  first  game  it  has  ever  lost  at  one  of  these 
outings.  The  outing  was  well  attended.  The  members  rode 
home  by  way  of  Old  Orchard. 

Members  of  the  Chicago  Retail  Druggists'  Association,  their 
families  and  friends,  enjoyed  the  organization's  annual  outing 
which  consisted  of  a  boat  ride  to  South  Haven,  Mich.  The 
outing  was  directed  by  President  Julius  Reimenschneider  and 
Secretary  Isaac  S.  Light. 

The  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy  Alumni  Association  held 
its  annual  outing  at  Witzel's  Pavilion,  College  Point,  L.I.,  the 
party  leaving  the  city  at  Battery  Park.  A  shore  dinner,  danc- 
ing, bowling,  games,  swimming,  etc.,  were  features. 

The  Mercer  County  (N.J.)  Druggists'  Association  held  a 
largely  attended  annual  meeting  at  Cadwalader  Park.  Ad- 
dresses were  made  by  John  F.  Pentz,  president;  George  M. 
Lynch,  secretary ;  Isaac  J.  Keuper,  and  others. 

The  Jacksonville  (Fla.)  R.D.A.  has  elected  the  following 
officers:  President,  R.  W.  Bennett;  vice-president,  Sam  Dun- 
lap;  recording  secretary,  S.  O.  Griffin;  financial  secretary, 
J.  H.  McManus;  treasurer,  W.  D.  Jones. 

The  Norwich,  Conn.,  R.D.A.  has  elected  these  officers: 
President,  William  H.  Nickerson;  vice-president,  Rollin  C. 
Jones;  secretary  and  treasurer,  Charles  C.  Treat.  A  banquet 
followed. 

The  W^omen's  Pharmaceutical  Auxiliary,  of  Pittsburgh,  gave 
a  dinner  party  with  covers  laid  for  26  at  the  Fort  Pitt  Hotel 
recently,  after  which  the  members  attended  a  theatrical  pro- 
duction. 

The  Belmont  County  (Ohio)  branch  of  the  Ohio  State  Ph.A. 
discussed  the  insecticide  and  fungicide  laws  and  the  Stevens 
bill  at  their  recent  meeting  at  Martin's  Ferry. 

The  St.  Paul  Retail  Druggists'  Association  is  planning  a 
river  excursion  the  latter  part  of  this  month. 


Seven  Pharmaceutical  Societies  to  Meet  at  the  1915 
Exposition. 

More  than  50,000  druggists  will  be  represented  at  the 
Panama-Pacific  International  Exposition  during  "Drug  Week" — ■ 
which  for  good  measure  is  nearly  two  weeks,  being  from  July 
12  to  24,  1915 — in  the  conventions  of  the  seven  principal 
associations  of  druggists  and  pharmacists  in  America.  K,  B. 
Bowerman,  secretary-treasurer  of  the  State  Ph.A.,  in  com- 
menting on  this  fact,  said: 

"This  joint  convention  of  all  the  drug  men  in  America  is 
unique  in  history.  It  is  the  first  time  they  have  ever  got 
together  on  anything  like  so  large  a  scale.  The  bodies  which 
will  meet  here  in  1915  as  the  guests  of  the  exposition,  and  of 
the  California  Pharmaceutical  Association  are  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  with  about  12,000  members;  the 
National  Association  of  Retail  Druggists — the  largest  body  of 
the  kind  in  the  world — with  about  22.000  members;  the  Na- 
tional .Association  of  Wholesale  Druggists;  the  Conference  of 
Faculties  of  Pharmaceutical  Colleges,  the  Retail  Drug  Clerks' 
Association  and  the  American  Druggists'  Syndicate,  with 
17,000  members.  The  delegates  from  the  Syndicate  will  go  by 
steamer  to  San  Francisco  through  the  canal,  transacting  most 
of  their  business  on  the  way,  so  as  to  give  their  time  while 
here  to   enjoyment   of   the   wonders   of  the  exposition. 

'  It  is  expected  also  that  the  various  State  Boards  of  Phar- 
macy from  the  States  generally  also  will  be  present.  We  expect 
to  establish  a  downtown  headquarters  and  bureau  of  informa- 
tion for  the  benefit  of  the  delegates,  and  in  connection  with  it 
the  manufacturing  druggists  are  contemplating  installing  a  fine 
exhibit." 


September,  19141 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


433 


Druggists  Unite  for  Price-Protection. 

A  MOVEMENT  virtually  started  by  the  Baltimore  Retail 
Druggists'  Association  and  which  is  expected  to  attain 
country-wide  proportions,  has  been  undertaken  by  a 
committee  from  the  Retail  Druggists'  Association,  of  which 
John  Kelly  is  chairman.  The  movement  began  with  an  agita- 
tion in  the  legislative  committee  of  the  organization,  but  has 
now  been  placed  in  the  hands  of  a  special  committee,  of  which 
Mr.  Kelly  is  the  head,  and  which  aims  to  eliminate  trade 
abuses  and  work  for  the  betterment  especially  of  the  retail 
business.  The  committee  has  undertaken  to  get  behind  the 
Stevens  bill,  before  the  House  of  Representatives,  which  would 
permit  the  manufacturer  of  an  article  to  fix  the  selling  price 
thereon  and  render  it  legal  for  the  maker  to  say  at  what  figure 
an  article  should  be  sold.  Under  the  anti-trust  law  this  has 
been  considered  as  in  restraint  of  trade,  with  the  result  that 
large  distributors  take  advantage  of  the  feeling  against  big 
combinations  in  the  popular  mind  to  break  down  tlie  protection 
to  which  the  manufacturer  is  entitled  and  at  the  same  time 
foist  upon  the  consuming  public  imitations  and  substitutes  more 
or  less  deficient  in  merit. 

Pointing  out  the  fact  that  every  article  of  real  value  when 
put  on  the  market,  immediately  brings  out  imitations  and 
substitutes,  the  committee  says,  department  stores  along  with 
others  proceed  to  make  attacks  upon  the  new  product.  These 
attacks  usually  take  the  form  of  advertising  the  article  in 
question  at  a  greatly  reduced  price.  The  customer  who  goes 
to  the  store  to  buy  at  that  price  is  either  unable  to  get  it  at 
all,  because  the  supply  is  exceedingly  limited,  or  is  asked  to 
take  something  "just  as  good  or  better"  of  the  store's  own 
make.  By  this  means  the  public  is  encouraged  to  believe  either 
that  the  manufacturer  of  the  original  article  is  extortionate  in 
his  price  or  that  the  article  has  no  such  exclusive  merit  as  is 
claimed.  In  either  case  the  effect  is  to  create  the  impression 
that  the  public  is  being  imposed  upon,  the  ingenuity,  enter- 
prise and  energy  of  the  manufacturer  being  thus  assailed, 
while  at  the  same  time  the  seller  of  the  substitute  endeavors  to 
get  the  benefit  of  the  advertising  done  by  the  manufacturer^ 
This,  the  committee  of  which  Mr.  Kelly  is  the  head  contends, 
is  a  grave  injustice  to  the  originator  of  any  article,  and  in 
this  connection  it  is  maintained  that  the  manufacturer  should 
enjoy  a  measure  of  protection  as  the  creator  of  a  commodity 
and  should  be  allowed  to  reap  the  rewards  of  his  enterprise. 
In  addition,  the  price  protection  urged  would  aid  the  retailer 
in  that  it  would  check  ruinous  price-cutting,  promote  stability 
and  prove  of  inestimable  advantage  to  commerce.  Proprietary 
medicines  in  particular  come  into  the  scope  of  the  movement 
and  the  retail  pharmacist  is  vitally  interested. 

The  purpose  of  the  committee  is  to  bring  all  trades  into 
the  movement  and  to  exert  such  pressure  upon  Congress  that 
the  lawmakers  will  be  unable  to  resist  it.  A  number  of  organi- 
zations have  already  been  communicated  with  and  the  propo- 
sition has  been  most  favorably  received. 

Later  the  subject  of  telephone  remuneration  and  various 
other  matters  in  which  the,  retail  trade  is  vitally  concerned  are 
to  be  attacked. 


HEALTH   BOARD  AMENDS  ORDINANCE   182. 


Deletes  Exceptions  and  Includes  Cannabis  Indioa  and 
Preparations — New  Wood  Alcohol  Regulation. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Health  of  the  New  York  City 
Department  of  Health  held  July  28,  the  following  resolutions 
were  adopted : 

Resolved,  That  Section  182  of  the  Sanitary  Code  be  and  the 
same  is  hereby  amended,  to  take  effect  immediately,  so  as  to 
read  as  follows: 

Section  182.  No  cocaine  or  salts  of  cocaine,  alpha  or  beta 
eucain,  either  alone  or  in  combination  with  other  substances  oi 
any  substance  under  any  other  name  giving  a  physiological 
reaction  similar  to  the  physiological  reaction  of  cocaine;  and 
no  opium  or  preparation  of  opium,  and  no  morphine  or  salts  of 
morphine,  and  no  cannabis  indica  or  preparations  of  cannabis 
indica.  or  the  derivatives  of  either  or  any  of  the  substances 
named  herein,  shall  be  held  or  offered  for  sale  or  given  away 
at  retail,  by  any  person  in  the  City  of  New  York,  except  upon 
the  written  prescription  of  a  duly  licensed  physician,  veterina- 
rian or  dentist. 

Nothing  hereinbefore  mentioned,  however,  shall  apply  to 
compounded  mixtures  containing  opium  or  morphine  or  canna- 


bis indica  or  their  derivatives  for  external  use  only,  in  the  form 
of  liniments,  ointments,  oleates  or  plasters. 

Resolved,  That  Section  66a  of  the  Sanitary  Code  be  and  the 
same  is  hereby  amended  to  take  effect  on  and  after  September 
1,  so  as  to  read  as  follows: 

Section  66a.  No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale,  deal  in  or 
supply,  or  have  in  his  possession  with  intent  to  sell,  offer  for 
sale,  give  away,  deal  in  or  supply  any  article  of  food  or  drink 
or  any  medicinal  or  toilet  preparation,  intended  for  human  use 
internally  or  e-xternally,  which  contains  any  wood  naphtha, 
otherwise  known  as  wood  alcohol,  or  methyl  alcohol,  either 
crude  or  refined,  under  or  by  whatever  name  or  trade-mark 
the  same  may  be  called  or  known. 

No  person  shall  sell,  offer  for  sale,  give  away,  deal  in  or 
supply,  or  have  in  his  possession  with  intent  to  sell,  offer  for 
sale,  give  away,  deal  in  or  supply  any  wood  naphtha,  otherwise 
known  as  wood  alcohol  or  methyl  alcohol,  either  crude  or  re- 
find,  under  or  by  whatever  name  or  trade-mark  the  same  may 
be  called  or  known,  unless  the  container  in  which  the  same  is 
sold,  offered  for  sale,  given  away,  dealt  in  or  supplied,  shall 
bear  a  notice  containing  the  following  device  and  words  con- 
spicuously printed  or  stenciled  thereon,  viz. : 


Skull  and 
Crossbones 


—  POISON  — 

WOOD   N.APHTHA 
OR  WOOD  ALCOHOL 


Warning — It  is  unlawful  to  use  this  fluid  in 
any  article  of  food,  beverage,  or  medicinal  or 
toilet  preparation  for  human  use  internally  or 
externally. 


How  to  Get  TMn. 

In  reply  to  an  inquiry  from  Mayor  Barry,  of  Cambridge, 
ex-President  Taft  wrote  as  follows: 

"I  have  lost  75  pounds  since  March  4.  My  diet  has  not 
been  severe.  I  have  not  drunk  a  great  deal  of  water;  not 
more  than  a  glass  of  water  at  my  meals.  I  have  given  up 
bread  and  toast  and  all  farinaceous  food,  all  butter  and  fat; 
confined  my  meat  to  beef  and  mutton  and  fowl  and  eschewed 
pork  and  veal;  have  omitted  fat  fish  like  salmon  and  have 
taken  no  sweets  of  any  sort. 

"You  can  eat  all  vegetables  but  potatoes  and  fruit  that  has 
not  too  much  sugar. 

"You  ought  to  take  moderate  exercise  every  day.  I  have 
tried  to  play  a  game  of  golf  or  walk  four  or  five  miles  each 
day. 

"You  ought  not  to  lose  too  rapidly,  because  it  is  likely  to 
injure  the  muscles  of  your  heart  if  you  do ;  and,  above  all, 
you  ought  to  be  examined   by  the  best  physician  you  can  get. 

"I   don't   smoke,   nor  drink   intoxicating   liquors." 


Vegetone    Drug   Co.    Incorporates. 

Lincoln,  Neb.,  Aug.  13. — The  Vegetone  Drug  Co.,  of  this 
city,  has  incorporated  to  manufacture  drugs  and  drug  sundries, 
the  capital  stock  named  being  $18,000.  The  directors  are 
W.  W.  Abbott,  G.  M.  Turley,  E.  M.  Abbott,  D.  C.  Turley 
and  W.  F.  Ottmann,  and  the  officers:  President,  W.  W.  Ab- 
bott; vice-president,  E.  M.  Abbott;  treasurer,  G.  M.  Turley; 
secretary,  D.  C.  Turley.  The  Vegetone  Drug  Co.  is  the  suc- 
cessor to  the  Vegetone  Co.  . 


Druggist's  Sentence  Suspended. 
Maurice  K.  Sandor,  druggist  at  890  Eighth  avenue.  New 
York  City,  was  sentenced  to  a  year  in  the  penitentiary  by- 
Justices  Collins,  Kernochan  and  Mclnerney  for  selling  heroin 
without  a  license.  The  charge  of  selling  300  tablets  to  an 
investigator  was  technical,  and  sentence  was  suspended. 

Truax,   Greene  &  Co.   Fined   $900. 

Chicago,  Aug.  IS.— Truax,  Greene  &  Co.,  wholesale  drug- 
gists, were  fined  $900  for  selling  cocaine  without  a  physician's 
prescription.  Evidence  was  supplied  by  a  former  insane'  asylum 
inmate. 


4:U 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[September.  1914 


Schools  and  Colleges 


Valparaiso  University. 

The  Summer  term  closed  on  Aug.  13  and  the  following 
received  the  degree  of  Ph.C. :  George  Hugi,  Robert  L.  Perkins, 
Roy  C.  Roe,  Hubert  Fischer,  Ernest  Ryan  and  I.  W.  Anderson. 
George  Hugi  has  accepted  a  position  with  the  Procter  &  Gam- 
ble Co.,  of  Cincinnati,  Robert  Perkins  will  enter  the  University 
of  Michigan  for  the  coming  year,  and  the  other  members  of 
the  class  have  good  positions  in  view. 

Arthur  Haas,  Frank  Gullstrom,  M.  J.  Quiglej',  Frank  Con- 
way, .\ngelo  Bracco,  Robert  Wiesjahn  and  Walter  Wiezoreck, 
all  of  the  class  of  1914,  returned  to  the  university  for  the 
commencement  season. 

Dean  Timmons  was  the  guide  for  the  annual  pilgrimage  to 
Chicago  of  about  100  students.  On  the  trip  among  the  places 
of  interest  visited  were  those  of  the  Universal  Portland  Cement 
Co.,  Buffington ;  Standard  Oil  Co.,  Whiting,  Ind. ;  the  Illinois 
Steel  Co..  South  Chicago,  and  the  Chicago  Gas  Company. 
These  trips  give  the  students  an  opportunity  to  see  at  first  hand 
many  of  the  processes  that  have  been  discussed  in  the  class 
room. 

Earl  Warren,  '14,  has  received  his  certificate  and  has  a 
position  in  Sedan,  Kan. 

G.  C.  Chostner  is  with  Allaire-Woodard  &  Co.,  Inc.,  Peoria, 
111.,  during  the  Summer  \-acation,  but  will  return  to  the  univer- 
sity at  the  beginning  of  the  school  year  to  take  up  his  duties 
as  assistant  in  the  manufacturing  laboratory. 

J.  M.  Faul,  '14,  has  a  position  with  Zaehm's  pharmacy  in 
Michigan  city. 

C.  E.  Dixon,  '14,  has  a  position  with  Phelps  Drug  Store, 
Martinsville,  Ind. 

Claude  M.  Sisco  has  a  position  in  the  leading  drug  store  of 
Green   Forest,   Ark. 

LeRoy  Cruger,  '14,  has  a  position  with  the  Mueller  phar- 
macy. Milwaukee,  Wis. 

Dean  Timmons  and  other  members  of  the  faculty,  attended 
the  annual  convention  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  .Asso- 
ciation at  Detroit. 

The  enrollment  for  the  term  opening  Sept.  15  points  to  a 
most  successful  year  for  the  department  of  pharmacy  and  the 
Valparaiso  Ph. A. 


University  of  Minnesota  College  of  Pharmacy. 

The  college  enters  upon  its  23d  year  on  Wednesday  morning, 
Sept.  16.  Registration  begins  in  the  office  of  the  Dean  on 
Sept.  9.  The  programme  of  work  will  not  be  ready  until 
Sept.  15,  when  it  will  be  posted  on  the  college  bulletin^ 

Students'  steel  dispensing  work-tables,  to  accommodate  40 
students  working  at  one  time,  have  been  installed  in  the  new 
dispensing  laboratory  and  have  been  equipped  with  hot  and 
cold  water,  gas,  low  pressure  and  high  pressure  steam  and 
electric  current  for  light  and  power.  Twenty  prescription 
scales  have  also  been  added  to  the  dispensing  department. 

The  usual  annual,  duty-free  apparatus  and  supplies  order 
from  Germany  arrived  early  in  August,  fortunately  before  the 
breaking  out  of  war  in  Europe. 

Prof.  Gustav  Bachman,  who  was  traveling  in  Europe  this 
Summer,  fortunately  reached  England  in  safety  soon  after  the 
opening  of  hostilities  in  Austria  and  Ser\ia.  He  is  scheduled 
to  sail  from  England  via  Montreal  and  expects  to  arrive  in 
Minneapolis  about  .\ug.  26. 

Dean  WuUing  has  spent  part  of  the  Summer  sojourning 
between  town  and  his  Summer  home  on  Lake  Ida  near  .■Mex- 
andria,  Minn.  The  latter  half  of  .\ugust  he  spent  in  Detroit 
and  the  East.  He  returned  from  Detroit  to  Minneapolis  in  a 
new  auto  acquired  in  Detroit. 

The  medicinal  plant  laboratory  has  just  been  given  a  fresh 
coat  of  white  paint,  while  the  brick  walls  have  been  covered 
with  stucco-cement  of  a  color  to  match  the  main  pharmacy 
building  adjoining. 

The  College  had  an  exhibit  of  36  of  the  chief  drugs,  grown 
and  produced  in  the  medicinal  plant  laboratory,  at  the  Detroit 
meeting  of  the  A. Ph. A.  The  exhibit  was  prepared  by  Dr. 
Newcomb  who  was  in  charge  of  the  exhibit  at  the  meeting. 

-Additional  steel  furniture  equipment  for  the  pharmaceutical 
library  is  expected  to  be  put  into  place  during  September. 


Academic   Doingrs  Throughout   the   Country. 

The  .Mumni  .Association  of  the  Pharmacy  Department  of  the 
National  University  of  .Arts  and  Sciences  gave  a  banquet  for 
the  graduating  class  at  the  Hotel  Jefferson,  St.  Louis.  The 
alumni  officers  are:  Richard  .A.  Walker.  M.D.,  president;  F.  J. 
Killalee,  vice-president;  C.  Harvi  .Altheide,  M.D.,  secretary; 
Otto  N.  Spectait.  treasurer.  Committee  on  banquet  and  en- 
tertainment, .M  (;.  Houghton,  chairman;  O.  N.  Speckart, 
F.  J.  Killai.  .,  I'raper,  R.  Williamson,  Pepmoeller,  W.  J. 
Houghton,   ^\■illiam3. 

Beta  Epsilon  Chapter,  Kappa  Psi  fraternity,  of  the  Rhode 
Island  College  of  Pharmacy,  held  its  annual  session  June  5 
at  the  Noon  Day  Club,  Providence.  The  following  officers  were 
elected:  Regent,  Michael  Deady;  vice-regent,  Carl  Carlson; 
secretar\-treasurer.  .Andrew  Gray;  historian,  C.  Leo  Higgins; 
chaplain,  Leon  Field.  Earl  H.  Mason,  James  Chanley,  Jr., 
and  -Andrew  Gray  are  members  of  the  committee  in  charge  of 
the  annual  Summer  outing  to  be  held  later  in  the  season. 

.At  the  annual  meeting  of  the  .Alumni  Association  of  the 
California  College  of  Pharmacy,  the  following  officers  were 
elected:  President,  W.  Bruce  Philip,  Oakland;  1st  vice-presi- 
dent. Dr.  Mitchell,  San  Francisco:  2d  vice-president,  O.  Knowl- 
ton,  '04 ;  secretary,  Mabel  Dolinis,  San  Francisco ;  treasurer, 
Charles  .Abrams;   registrar,  Mrs.  Fayetta  H.  Philip,   Oakland. 

The  following  students  of  the  State  College,  Brookings, 
S.  D.,  passed  the  recent  examinations  held  by  the  State  Board 
of  Pharmacy:  Miss  Anna  Siverston,  Pierpont;  Tyrell  Mac- 
Dougall,  Britton ;  Louis  Nelson,  Oldham ;  Louis  Kladinger, 
Hartford:  Winifred  Ray,  Brookings;  Roy  Soule,  Brookings; 
Ralph  Null,  Miller. 

The  commencement  exercises  of  the  Pharmacy  Department 
of  the  Detroit  Technical  Institute  were  held  on  July  12,  when 
Dr.  G.  A.  Studer  conferred  the  degree  of  graduate  in  pharmacy 
upon  a  class  of  ten. 

The  annual  commencement  exercises  of  Marquette  Univer- 
sity of  Milwaukee,  were  held  on  June  18,  when  170  students 
were  graduated.  There  were  21  graduates  of  the  department 
of  pharmacy. 

The  University  of  Notre  Dame,  near  South  Bend,  Ind.,  has 
conferred  the  following  degrees:  Pharmaceutical  Chemist^ 
Harry  B.  Tiemey,  .Ansley,  Neb. ;  Graduate  in  Pharmacy,  Joseph 
P.  Costello,  Kewanna,  Ind. ;  Edmund  G.  Steis,  South  Bend, 
Ind.,  and  Leo  S.  Zgodzinski,  South  Bend,  Ind. 


University  of  Iowa. 

The  State  L'niversity^  of  Iowa  opens  on  September  21,  and  the 
slo!»an  "3000  in  September"  is  sure  to  be  realized,  if  advanced 
registration  may  be  taken  as  an  indication.  The  registration  to 
date  for  the  College  of  Pharmacy  is  the  largest,  with  but  one 
exception,  in  the  history*  of  the  institution. 

The  annual  "Home-Coming  Day"  for  the  university  has  been 
set  for  October  24,  the  date  of  the  Minnesota  football  game  at 
Iowa  City.  For  the  home-coming  pharmacists,  special  lectures 
on  salesmanship  and  store  management  will  be  arranged. 

-An  important  action  was  recently  taken  by  the  Educational 
Board  by  which,  after  September,  '1915,  a  high  school  diploma 
will  be  required  for  entrance  in  the  college  of  pharmacy.  For 
the  present  year,  two  years  of  high  school  work  will  be  accepted. 

The  pharmacy  college  placed  its  order  for  imported  laboratory 
supplies  early  and  will  not  be  inconvenienced  in  this  direction 
during  the  ensuing  year. 

Professor  R.  .A.  Kuever  and  iliss  Ruth  Wilburta  Hindman, 
of  Iowa  City,  were  married  on  June  20.  Professor  and  Mrs. 
Kuever  spent  a  month  in  the  mountains  of  Colorado  and  are 
moving  into  a  fine  new  bungalow. 

Thurston  J.  Long,  Ph.G.,  '13,  Ph.C,  '14,  of  Iowa  City,  has 
just  received  an  appointment  as  assistant  drug  analyst  and 
inspector  imder  State  Food  and  Drug  Inspector  Guy  G.  Frary, 

Karl  Kullman,  Ph  G..  '13,  received  his  Ph.C.  degree  at  the 
Summer  session  commencement.  Mr.  Kullman  will  do  relief 
work  for  the  Hansen  Drug  Co.,  of  Davenport,  where  he  was 
employed  in  a  similar  capacity  last  Summer.  He  will  return 
to  the  tmiversity  to  continue  his  studies. 


War  Causes  Canadian  Ph.A.  to  Call  Off  Convention. 
Toronto,  Oxt..  .Aug.  15. — The  Canadian  Pharmaceutical 
-Association,  which  was  to  have  held  its  aimual  convention  in 
Winnipeg  .Aug.  17  to  21,  will  not  meet  this  year.  This  action 
was  taken  because  of  the  war.  The  convention  at  Toronto  last 
year  was  attended  by  500. 


September.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


435 


Board  Examinations 


Pennsylvania. 

WILLIAMSPORT,  Aug.  15.— At  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania Pharmaceutical  Examining  Board  at  Pittsburgh  and 
Philadelphia,  417  persons  applied  lor  registration,  238  as  pharma- 
cists and  179  as  qualified  assistants,  153  applicants  passed  the  ex- 
aminations  tor  pharmacists  and  110  for  assistants. 

An  election  for  otlicers  of  the  board  resulted  as  follows:  Presi- 
dent, Louis  Emanuel,  of  Pittsburgh;  vice-president,  Charles  F. 
Kramer,  of  Harrisburg;  secretary,  Lucius  L.  Walton,  of  Williams- 
port;  treasurer,  George  D.  Stroh,  of  Pittston.  The  next  examina- 
tions will  be  held  in  Harrisburg  on  September  4  and  5.  Those 
passed  were  as  follows: 

Pharmacists — William  A.  Beighley,  Archie  D.  Canon,  Henry  O. 
Coleman,  George  X.  Coleman,  Clyde  R.  Erskine,  John  L.  Fischer, 
Robert  R.  Gaw,  George  W.  Gillen,  Leo  F.  Jerome,  Merle  J.  Na- 
dolny,  William  N.  Ste^'art,  Robert  S.  Wittmer,  Frank  D.  Thomp- 
son, Salvatore  Viggiano,  W'esley  R.  Wilson  and  George  O.  Yoye, 
all  of  Pittsburgh;  Harry  F.  Baumgartner,  Joseph  F.  Botdorf,  Robert 
L.  Bellenghi,  Louis  Cohen,  E.  Clifford  Cameron,  Marcus  H.  Dotis, 
Meyer  C  Epstein,  Morris  Epstein,  William  Eidelson,  William  R. 
Frank,  Abe  Folstein,  Rose  L.  Finestone,  Barnett  R.  Greene,  Harry 
P.  Goodfriend,  Raffaele  Grassi,  Benjamin  Goodman,  Leo  Green- 
stein,  Joseph  J.  Hagenman,  William  D.  Hall,  Karl  X.  Krogh,  Louis 
Kron,  H.  L.  Hiuski,  Elmer  F.  Merz,  George  Needle,  George  N. 
Netsky,  Joseph  H.  Oeste,  Joseph  W.  Pastor,  Henry  Pichenick, 
Max  Rosencoff,  Julius  J.  Rosenberg,  Nathan  Rachmell,  Maurice 
Rosoff,  John  Seidel,  Harry  M.  Sagorsky,  Isadore  Slipakoff,  Morris 
Senn,  Benjamin  Smiler,  Rebecca  Shore,  Earl  F.  Train,  C.  Joseph 
Veigel,  Abraham  Weiner,  Abram  Weinstein,  D.  Wallace  Youngken, 
all  of  Philadelphia;  George  N.  Rice  and  Ralph  M.  Schadt,  of 
AUentown;  Ray  D.  Cassady,  Altoona;  John  M.  Wyble,  Apollo; 
Robert  G.  Murtoff,  Boiling  Springs;  Dana  A.  West,  Butler;  J. 
Edmund  Slater,  Butler;  Edgar  S.  La  Wall,  Catasauqua;  Ronald 
Corbett,  Clarion;  William  P.  Eldredge,  Conshohocken;  William  G. 
Kocher,  Danville;  Thomas  F.  Van  Buskirk,  Doylestown;  Martin 
Kovacs  and  Daniel  Kovacs,  Duquesne;  Michael  L.  Bush,  Dunlo; 
Edwin  R.  Spangler,  Ephrata;  Charles  P.  Kaetzel,  Ellwood  City; 
David  F.  Whetstone,  Everett;  Enzer  L.  McCall,  Falls  Creek;  John 
V.  Stephenson,  Jr.,  Greensburg;  Fred  L.  Kaetzel,  Harmony;  Henry 
B.  Waltz,  Hastings;  Forrest  S.  Marshall,  Xervin  A.  Myers,  Stew- 
art G.  Leidich  and  Walter  M.  Kauffman,  Harrisburg;  Anthony 
LaCourse,  Jr.,  Hamburg;  Christian  A.  Stutzman,  Hegins;  George 
H.  Harris,  Honesdale;  B.  Frank  Bast,  Johnstown;  Charles  D. 
Drach,  Jeanette;  L.  Thomas  Trambley,  Johnsonburg;  William  J. 
Hurley,  Kane;  Irvin  C.  Semmel,  Lehighton;  William  N.  Baker, 
Lewisburg;  W.  W.  Bearley,  George  H.  Kostenbauder  and  Henry 
W.  Shumaker,  Lewistown;  Roscoe  C.  Davis,  Linesville;  Joseph  S. 
Hagenbuch  and  Joseph  D.  Morgan,  Mahanoy  City;  Maurice  Schon- 
berger,  McKeesport;  Howard  M.  Smith,  New  Castle;  Oscar  S. 
Carlson,  Mt.  Jewett;  N.  Dean  Rowland,  Nanty  Glo;  Jacob  H. 
Kulp,  Perkasie;  Reginald  Scheetz,  Pottstown;  George  W.  Daugherty, 
Punxsutawney;  Charles  L.  Gantert,  Reading;  George  W.  Shade 
and  Hatten  L.  Crowl,  Shamokin;  Francis  C.  Cassimer  and  Xavier 
Zemaitis,  Shenandoah;  Reymond  L.  Shover,  Shippensburg;  John 
E.  Collins,  Troy;  Judson  B.  Plotner,  Turtle  Creek;  William  O. 
Shaffer,  Vintondale;  Paul  C.  Cantner,  Waynesboro;  James  W. 
Acklin,  Waynesboro;  Woods  D.  Balliet,  Watsontown;  Mortimer  A. 
Kentch,  Wellsboro;  Harold  Marsh,  Irvin;  Charles  H.  McGuire, 
Chicora;  William  H.  Fitzsimmons,  Kane;  Walter  I.  Watson,  West 
Chester;  Danold  J.  Brown,  West  Hazleton;  Allen  S.  Leinbach, 
West  Leesport;  Edward  Schafer,  WTiite  Haven;  Leo  E.  Kijanski, 
T.^  L.  Stableton,  John  Bowen  and  Robert  R.  Colley,  Wilkes-Barre; 
Walter  J.  Sutch,  Wilkinsburg;  John  C.  Way,  Jr.,  Williamsport ; 
Robert  C.  Morehead,  Pulaski,  Va. ;  Glenn  B.  Hamilton,  Fairmont, 
\\".  Va. ;  George  F.  Stines,  Conneaut,  Ohio;  J.  Bonsall  Hall,  North 
East,  Md. ;  William  H.  Griffin,  Oswego,  N.  Y. ;  Fred  C.  Wolverton, 
Newark,  Ohio;  Clarence  A.  Rigby,  East  Liverpool,  Ohio;  Charles 
V.  p'Hara,  Nicholasville,  Ky. ;  Marion  C.  McArtor,  East  Liverpool, 
Ohio;  G.  Byron  Levi  and  Roy  P.  Lodge,  Atlantic  City,  N.  J.; 
Ralph  B.  Rogers,  Moorestown,  N.  J.;  Leander  G.  Taylor,  Jr., 
Cape  May  Court  House,  N.  J.;  John  H.  Hayes,  Oswego,  N.  Y. ; 
Edwin  C.  Errickson,  Millville,  N.  J.;  Clarence  H.  Berryman, 
Camden,  N.  J.;  Arthur  H.  Carrington,  Trenton,  N.  J.;  Walter  P. 
Llewellin,  Paget  West,  Bermuda;  Morris  Kanto,  N.  Y. ;  Chas.  D. 
Webster,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Qualified  Assistant  Pharmacists — I.  J.  Bdosky,  DeW^itt  C.  Barr, 
James  A.  Jackson,  S.  W.  Jefferson,  Milton  A.  Kant,  Raymond  K. 
O'Brien,  Katherine  Snyder,  Harry  A.  Starret,  Jack  Schoenberg, 
David  Let"kowitz,  Walter  R.  Spohn,  Thomas  F.  Weger  and  Chris- 
tian W.  Zeiner,  all  of  Pittsburgh;  Alfredo  d'Aloia,  Samuel  Ank- 
rum.  Max  Biser,  Isaac  B.  Bloomfield,  Charles  J.  Blum,  Herbert  C. 
Brightbill,  Rudolph  K.  Dorfman,  Charles  K.  Eisman,  Joseph  A. 
Ferko,  Maurice  S.  Feidman,  Herman  Feuerstein,  Louis  Greenberg, 
Elmer  Canton  Gruver,  Herbert  R,  Hawthorne,  Charles  J.  Heinle, 
Joseph  F.  Kennelly,  Morris  Kramer,  Charles  J.  Koerber,  Emanuel 
Light,  I.  J.  Lindenbaum,  Levy  Meshkov,  Charles  A.  Montieth, 
Samuel  B.  Ostrum,  Herman  L.  Pastor,  K.  Hobart  Roatch,  Lester  F. 
Raabe,  Irene  H.  Rosensweet,  Rose  F.  Smith,  Morris  L.  Senn, 
Joseph  Sarlo,  Myer  Skloff,  Samuel  Shuraan,  John  J.  Small,  Eliza- 
beth Sternthal,  Benjamin  J.  Wexlar,  Robert  K-  Worrell,  Samuel 
Cahan  and  Walter  L.  Brandon,  all  of  Philadelphia;  Eleanor  G. 
Hoffman,  AUentown;  Ivan  L.  Carter,  John  W.  James,  Fred.  S. 
Lowther,  James  H.  Shoop,  E.  Raymond  Smith  and  Louis  P.  F. 
Weinberg,  all  of  Altoona;  Charles  'R.  Silva,  Boswell;  William  W. 
Heckenberger,  Catasauqua;  John  W.  Searight,  Carlisle;  Stanley  J. 
Taylor,  Canonsburg;  Walter  F.  Aukerbrand,  Chambershiurg;  Charles 
A.  Pennock,  CoUingdale;  John  R.  Kurtz,  Denver;  Malcolme  E. 
Reed,  Don  E.  Gillung,  Du  Bois;  Homer  H.  Bury,  Erie;  Oscar  G. 
Tucker,  Edwardsville;  Albert  R.  Guthrie,  Ellwood  City;  William 
J.    Heymann,    Galeton;    Floyd    C.    Hoffman,    Greensburg;    Raymond 


Green,  Girardsville;  James  E.  Stuart,  Harrisburg;  Carl  I.  Nelson, 
Glen  Campbell;  R.  Grey  Smith,  West  Sunbury;  William  H.  Oppy 
and  Grafton  F.  Porch,  Johnstown;  Norman  H.  Tagg,  Littlestown; 
Xathan  A.  Simpson,  Lower  Providence;  G.  Edgar  Herzel,  Lans- 
dale;  John  C.  Gray,  Miners  Mills;  George  E.  Haury,  Monessen; 
John  E.  Smith.  New  Florence;  Guy  P.  Coulter,  North  Braddock; 
William  D.  Wallace,  Jr.,  New  Castle;  Frank  S.  Korncavitz,  Nan- 
ticoke;  Lester  V.  Stallsmith,  Parsons;  Alfred  B.  Stellwagon, 
PottsviUe;  Carl  O.  Haas,  Port  Carbon;  Irvin  E.  Lehr,  Pine  Grove; 
D.  Elvin  Rosenberger,  Perkasie;  Harry  S.  Wood,  Rockwood; 
D.  B.  Buchanan.  St.  Clair;  Howard  E.  Seid,  Steinsville;  Paul  F. 
Ziegler,  Steelton;  Elwood  E.  Whitesell,  Town  Lane;  Lynn  J. 
Carson.  Wasnington;  Joseph  W.  Piekarski,  Warrior  Run;  J.  Ray- 
mond Dudley,  Wilkinsburg;  Edvth  B.  Powell,  Wilkes-Barre;  Lony 
1.  Queen.  Buchannen,  W.  Va. ;  Charles  M.  Memderson,  Weston, 
" .  \  a. ;  Harry  B.  Honaker,  Monograph,  W.  Va. ;  Harry  Johannes, 
East  Liverpool,  Ohio;  Elmer  E.  Cole,  Martins  Ferry,  Ohio;  Her- 
man Meisel,  EUenville,  N.  Y. ;  Arthur  Rovner,  Carmel,  N.  J.; 
Charles  F.  Kutteroff,  McKee  City,  N.  J.;  Howard  I.  Scaggs,  Lower 
Marlboro,    Md. 


Delaware. 

WILMINGTON,  Aug.  20.— The  first  quarterly  meeting  and  ex- 
amination, held  at  Newark  on  July  1,  by  Delaware  Board  of  Phar- 
macy, eight  applicants  were  examined  for  pharmacists  and  four  for 
assistants.     Of  this  number  the  following  were  successful: 

Pharmacists— William  B.  Jester,  Delaware  City;  Joseph  O.  Wil- 
son, Loch  Raven,  Md.  Assistants— W.  Floyd  Jackson,  Wilming- 
ton; J.  LeGrande  .Johnson,  Chestertown,  Md. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  to  serve  during  the  ensuing 
year:  Bresident,  Norman  C.  Do\vns.  Wilmington;  vice-president, 
Walter  R.  Keys,  Clayton;  secretary  and  treasurer,  John  O.  Bosley, 
W  ilmington.  Governor  Miller  has  reappointed  R.  M.  Kaufman,  of 
Seaford,  to  be  a  member  of  the  board  for  another  term  of  live 
years.     The  next  meeting  will  be  held  on  October  7  at  Newark. 


Kentucky. 

FRANKFORT.  Aug.  20.— .-Vt  the  meeting  of  the  Kentucky  B.iard 
ot  Pharmacy,  held  at  Dawson  Springs,  July  14  and  15,  the  foll.ow- 
ing  applicants  out  of  a  class  of  14  passed  as  registered  pharmacists: 

C.  H.  Brockmeyer,  Fredonia;  Chas.  W.  Davis,  Normal;  Howard 
F.  Fulner,  Newport;  M.  E.  Goff,  Glasgow;  C.  A.  Passmore,  Louis- 
ville; David  S.  Sesmer,  Louisville;  Morris  D.  Spoonamore,  Louis- 
ville. 

-Assistants- Allen  S.  Birnbaum,  Middlesboro;  Sidney  V.  VVortham 
Owensboro;  Chas.  H.  Harrison,  Louisville. 

An  unusual  feature  of  the  examination  was  the  detection  by  the 
examiners  of  a  marked  similarity  in  the  papers  of  two  of  the 
applicants.  When  these  applicants  were  confronted  with  a  com- 
parison of  their  papers  tney  acknowledged  that  one  set  had  been  copied 
from  the  other.  Their  examination  was  declared  void  and  a  denial 
ot  the  privilege  of  re-examination  for  one  year  was  imposed  TTie 
next  examination  will   be  held  in   Berea,   October  13  and  14 


Virginia. 

RICaiMOND,  Aug.  20.— At  the  regular  quarterly  meeting  of  the 
Virginia  Board  of  Pharmacy,  held  on  July  21,  there  were  29  appli- 
cants for  registered  pharmacist's  certificate.  Of  this  number  the 
lollowing  were  successful: 

„I'_''V-,^'"^'''  Charlotte,  N.  C;  G.  V.  Durrer,  Charlottesville; 
C.  C  Fleshman,  Richmond,  L.  W.  Armentrout,  Strasburg;  C  L. 
Pedigo,  Blacksburg,  J.  S.  Patterson,  Newport  News;  P  V  Chitty 
Woodland,  N,  C;  T.  H.  Bryan,  Norfolk;  J.  C.  Hudgins,  Norfolk! 
K.  K.  Hawkins,  Tazewell,  Brem  Bonner,  Hickory,  N.  C  •  R.  fl 
Hawthorne,    Victoria.  ' 

RgS'sjered  assistant's  certificates  were  given  to  the  following: 
R.  B.  Grom,  Richmond;  Abraham  Caplan,  Richmond;  R.  R.  Mosby 
Newport  News;  N.  K.  Shaner,  Lynchburg;  R.  C.  Morehead, 
Pulaski;  F.  B.  Singletary,  Lumberton,  N.  C;  C.  A.  Cleveland 
Staunton. 

Eleven  applicants  took  the  examination  for  registered  assistant's 
certificate,  and  of  this  number  the  following  were  successful- 
W.  R.  Smith,  Cape  Charles;  C.  G.  Jackson.  Velma;  C.  B.  Harloe' 
Winchester;  F.  B.  Smith,  Capon  Bridge,  W.  Va.;  E.  W.  Morrow 
Richmond. 

The  following  were  registered  by  reciprocity:  T.  A.  Finch 
Dyersburg,  Tenn.;  Guy  Miller,  Barboursville,  Va.;  I.  J.  McGuffin' 
Bluefield,  W.  Va.  The  next  examination  will,  be  held  in  Rich- 
mond on  Oct.  20.,  and  all  applications  accompanied  by  fee  of  S5 
must  be  received  10  days  prior  to  examination  date. 


Wisconsin. 

MILWAUKEE,  Aug.  20.— At  the  meeting  of  the  W'isconsin  Board 
of  Pharmacy,  held  in  Madison,  on  July  14-17,  the  following  were 
granted  certificates: 

Registered  Pharmacists— W'alter  A.  Ritter,  Milwaukee;  Henry 
W.  Spearbraker,  Clintonville;  Einar  O.  B.  Wang,  Chippewa  Falls- 
Charles  E.  Bacon,  Stoughton;  Isaac  N.  Lovejoy,  Stoughton;  Oscar 
A.  Hoyer,  Milwaukee;  Rudolph  C.  Schoen,  Kenosha;  William  H 
Borchart,  Marion;  Louis  Moersch,  Milwaukee;  John  J.  Kazmier- 
owski,  St.  Francis;  Joseph  R.  Culbertson,  Madison;  Milton  G 
Giese,  Menoraonie;  Asa  T.  Marshall,  Milwaukee;  Sylvester  h' 
Dretzka,  Cudahy;  Alvin  A.  Mahre,  Amery;  Alphonse  J.  Stintzi 
Madison;  Harrison  H.  Hannon,  Green  Bay;  Carl  J.  Flusche,  Mil- 
waukee; Dale  F.  Ruedig,  Milwaukee;  Irvin  J.  Heymann,  Milwau- 
kee; James  H.  Forsyth,  Sharon;  Edwin  F.  Flintrop,  Milwaukee- 
William  H.  Kropp,  Milwaukee;  Henry  W.  Hammersley  Lake 
Geneva;  Sidney  L.  Scheldrup,  Stoughton;  Henry  E.  Wiean'd,  Mil- 
waukee;  Frank  T.  Tobin,  Milwaukee. 

Registered  Assistant  Pharmacists— Harry  O'Neill,  Beloit;  John  T 
Martin,  Manitowoc;  .John  P.  Galvin,  Mauston;  Rex  E'  Mather 
Superior;  George  W.  Beck,  Milwaukee;  Felix  J.  Idziorek.' Superior- 
Oscar  A.  Schraut,  St.  Louis;  William  E.  Weber,  Milwaukee- 
Leonard    J.     Draeger,    Tigerton;    Homer    D.    Kesten,    Milwaukee- 


436 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[September,  1914 


Alexander  Steffen.  Milwaukee:  John  \V.  Jnkob,  Milwaukee;  Wil- 
liam K.  Slumpt,  Milwaukee;  Franklin  C.  Mueller.  Jefferson;  Law- 
rence E.  Bergstrom.  Marinette;  Robert  F.  Fuelleman,  Janesville; 
Walter  A.  Harganz,  Watertown:  Thco.  F.  C.  Zuhlke,  Oshkosh; 
Walter  A.  Rubel,  Milwaukee;  Henry  E.  Swantz.  Racine;  Sister 
M.  Sebastian,  Fond  du  Lac;  Harold  A.  Ohde,  Milwaukee:  Leslie 
E.  Ficgel.  Westheld:  Ladislaus  C.  Misiak,  Milwaukee;  Clarence 
B  Albert.  Baraboo:  Joseph  Mazurck.  Milwaukee;  Vincent  J.  Slat- 
tery.  Elkliorn;  Maurice  J.  Birgc.  Wausau;  Charles  L.  Gardner, 
Fond  du  Lac. 
The  next  meeting  will  be  held  in  Madison  on  Oct.  lo-ib. 


Missouri. 

KANS.AS  CITV.  Aug.  10.— The  loUowing  is  a  list  of  the  success; 
ful  candidates  who  took  the  recent  examination  of  the  Missouri 
Board  of  Pharmacv  at  Pertlc  Springs: 

Registered  Pharmacisis— Lee  Howard  Witty,  Salem;  A.  G.  Muel- 
ler, St.  Louis:  C.  H.  Pope,  lefferson  Citv;  W.  P.  Massock,  lUiopo- 
lis.  111.;  Chas.  Lasersohn,  St.  Louis;  Claud  Wright,  Macon;  Louis 
E.  Brown,  Maplewood;  Chas.  R.  Davis,  St.  Louis;  Coke  B.  Brown- 
ing. Scnalh;  Walter  Freudenberg,  St.  Louis;  Lydia  F.  Batdorf, 
Freeburg,  HI.;  Albert  L.  Raithel,  St.  Louis:  Mitchell  F.  Simcr, 
Portageville:  John  E.  Rayl,  Crocker;  Fred  Harris,  St.  Louis; 
Frank  J.  Hclino,  St.  Louis;  Edwin  J.  Rhein,  St.  Louis;  Henry  A. 
Karher.  Karber's  Ridge,  111.;  M.  D.  Carlos,  Jr.,  Bunceton;  C.  F. 
Haines,  Rushville. 

Assistants— George  Erie  Williamson,  Waverly;  Edward  A.  Lam- 
mers,  St.  Louis. 


Penalties  Paid  to  the  N.Y.  Board  of  pharmacy. 

Secretary  Warren  L.  Bradt,  Albany,  N.  V.,  reports  the  number 
of  penalties  paid  to  the  Board  of  Pharmacv  during  the  months  of 
June   and    July,    and    the    character   of   violations,    as    follows: 

TUNE — Adulterated  and  deficient  prescriptions,  9;  adulterated  and 
deficient  Pharmacopoeial  products,  6;  junior  violations,  9;  sale  of 
proscribed  drugs,   1;   label   violation,   1;   total,  26. 

JULY— Adulterated  and  deficient  prescriptions,  4;  adulterated 
and  deficient  Pharmacopoeial  products,  9;  sale  of  proscribed  drugs, 
3;   junior  violations,   9;    total,   25. 


New  Secretary  in  Philippines. 

A.  Garcia  Mayoralgo,  of  Manilla,  has  been  appointed  secretary 
and  treasurer  of  the  Board  of  Pharmaceutical  Examiners,  Philip- 
pine Islands,  succeeding  E.  M.  Chervenka,  who  has  resigned.  Mr. 
Chervenka  was  appointed  in  1911. 


INSECTICIDES   INSUFFICIENT   IN   NICOTINE. 


Manufacturers   Fined   for   Shiijping-   Adulterated   and 
Misbranded  Insecticides  in  Interstate  Commerce. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C,  June  20.— F.  A.  Thompson  & 
Co.,  a  corporation  of  Detroit,  Mich.,  has  been  fined 
for  three  separate  violations  of  the  Insecticide  Act 
because  of  shipments  of  adulterated  and  misbranded  insecticides 
into  other  States.  A  fine  of  $50  was  imposed  on  this  company 
for  shipping  a  quantity  of  "Thompson's  Rose  Nicotine,"  which 
was  adulterated  and  misbranded,  into  California.  The  label 
stated  that  it  contained  10  per  cent,  of  nicotine,  but  as  ex- 
amined by  the  Department  of  Agriculture's  chemist,  it  con- 
tained only  8.47  per  cent.,  which  made  its  strength  fall  below 
the  professed  standard  under  which   it  was  sold. 

.\nother  fine  of  $50  was  imposed  upon  F.  A.  Thompson  & 
Co.  for  the  shipment  into  Ohio  of  an  article  called  "To-Bak- 
Ine  Liquid,"  which  was  adulterated  and  misbranded  within 
the  meaning  of  the  Insecticide  .A.ct  of  1910.  It  contained  less 
than  45  per  cent,  of  nicotine,  which  it  claimed  to  contain,  and 
there  was  less  than  one  pint  of  the  article  in  the  package 
labeled  "One  Pint." 

A  third  fine  of  $50  was  imposed  on  this  company  for  the 
shipment  into  Utah  of  an  article  called  "To-Bak-Ine  Sheep 
Dip,"  which  was  misbranded.  This  liquid  was  intended  for  a 
dipping  fluid  for  the  treatment  of  sheep  and  cattle  scab.  It 
contained  less  nicotine  than  was  claimed  to  be  present.  The 
label  was  also  misleading  in  claiming  that  when  diluted  accord- 
ing to  the  directions  the  product  would  give  a  dipping  fluid 
of  the  same  composition  and  strength  required  for  a  tobacco 
and  sulphur  dip  and  a  tobacco  dip  without  sulphur  by  the 
regulations  of  the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  governing  sheep  and 
cattle  scab. 

A  shipment  from  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  to  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  by 
Roberta  K.  Good,  of  "Caustic  Potash  Tobacco  Fish  Oil  Soap 
No.  6,"  brought  a  fine  to  the  shipper  of  $100  because  the 
article  was  adulterated  and  misbranded.  The  article  was  recom- 
mended for  the  destruction  of  insects  and  parasites  of  all  kinds 
that  infest  plants  of  any  kind,  was  claimed  to  contain  tobacco 
extract,  50%  of  fish  oil,  and  a  large  percentage  of  bone  phos- 
phate and  ammonia,  whereas  it  was  not  effective  in  destroying 
some  insects  that  infest  some  plants,  did  not  contain  any 
tobacco  extract,  contained  less  fish  oil  than  claimed,   and  did 


not  contain  a  large  percentage  of  bone  phosphate  and  am- 
monia. Furthermore,  the  product  contained  water,  an  inert 
substance,  which  docs  not  prevent,  destroy,  repel  or  mitigate 
insects,  and  the  name  and  percentage  amount  of  this  ingredient 
were  not  stated  on  Uie  label,  nor  in  lieu  thereof  were  the  names 
and  percentage  amounts  of  each  active  ingredient  and  the  total 
percentage  of  the  inert   ingredients  stated  on  the   label. 

A  decree  of  condemnation  and  forfeiture  was  entered  against 
a  consignment  of  six  cases  of  "Nikoteen  Aphis  Punk,"  manu- 
factured by  the  Nicotine  ^lanufacturing  Company,  St.  Louis, 
Mo.,  which  had  ben  seized  under  process  of  libel.  The  product 
was  adulterated  and  misbranded  in  that  it  contained  less 
nicotine  and  more  inert  ingredients  than  claimed  on  the  label, 
and  because  the  claims  that  it  was  effective  for  destroying 
insect  life  on  plants  and  flowers  and  in  killing  caterpillars  on 
shade  and   fruit  trees  were   false  and   misleading. 

Other  convictions  for  violations  of  the  Insecticide  .\ct.  ac- 
cording to  recent  Notices  of  Judgment  issued  by  the  U.S. 
Department  of  Agriculture,  are  as  follows: 

"Lime  Sulphur  Solution" ;  Peaslee-Gaulbert  Co.,  Louisville, 
Ky.;  misbranding,  ?2S  and  costs.  "Chloro-Naptholeum  Dis- 
infectant"; West  Disinfectant  Co.,  New  "V'ork,  N.  Y. ;  mis- 
branding, $25  and  costs.  "Moore's  Hog  Remedy" ;  Robert  W. 
Prescott,  Kansas  City,  Mo.;  misbranding,  $10  and  costs.  "Car- 
Sul" ;  Robert  W.  Prescott.  Kansas  City,  Mo. :  misbranding, 
$10  and  costs;  "Magnet  Brand  Poison  Fly  Paper";  L.  W. 
Young,  Massillon,  Ohio,  trading  as  American  Fly  Paper  Co. ; 
misbranding,  $10  and  costs.  "Perfection  Carman's  Antipest"; 
Perfection  Chemical  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  misbranding,  $10. 
"The  Pioneer  Quick  Fly  Exterminator" ;  J.  L.  Hazen  and 
William  Feldman,  trading  as  The  Pioneer  Quick  Fly  Exter- 
minator Co..  Denver,  Col.;  misbranding;  plea  of  guilty,  and 
defendants  discharged  by  court.  "Magic  Fly  Killer  Plant" ; 
Henry  Heininger  and  Charles  L.  Baker,  trading  as  The  Henry 
Heininger  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y.;  adulteration  and  misbrand- 
ing; plea  of  guilty,  and  court  suspended  sentence.  "Sanax 
Disinfecting  Fluid";  Sharp  &  Dohme,  Baltimore,  Md.;  mis- 
branding. 50  cents. 


PEPPEKMINT  ESSENCE  COLORED  ARTIFICIALLY 


Shippers  in  Interstate   Commerce   of  Adulterated  and 

Misbranded  Essences,  Oils.  Syrups  and  Flavors 

Are  Fined. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C,  June  20.— Among  the  recent  an- 
nouncements made  by  the  U.S.  Department  of  .•\gri- 
culture  of  Notices  of  Judgment  resulting  in  fines  for 
the  unlawful  shipment  of  goods  in  interstate  commerce  are  a 
number  against  shippers  of  adulterated  and  misbranded  oils, 
essences,   flavors  and  syrups. 

The  Weideman  Co.,  a  corporation  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  was 
fined  $50  and  costs  for  the  shipment  of  peppermint  essence 
into  New  York,  which  was  adulterated  and  alleged  to  have 
been  misbranded.  Besides  having  its  strength  and  quality 
reduced  and  lowered  by  the  mi.xing  of  an  inferior  substance, 
the  product  was  artificially  colored  with  a  green  dye.  The 
Sherwood  &  Sherwood  Commercial  Co.,  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal., 
was  fined  $10  and  costs  for  the  shipment  of  extract  of  pepper- 
mint  which  was  adulterated  and  misbranded. 

A  fine  of  $50  was  imposed  on  Russell  W.  Snyder,  Battle 
Creek,  Mich.,  for  the  shipment  into  Iowa  of  a  quantity  of 
tonka  and  vanilla  extract  which  was  adulterated  and  mis- 
branded. The  William  Haigh  Co.  had  three  fines  each  for 
$5  imposed  on  it  for  three  shipments  of  vanilla  flavor,  adul- 
terated and  misbranded  in  a  similar  manner.  The  H.  T. 
Hackney  Co.,  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  was  also  fined  for  the  ship- 
ment of  adulterated  and  misbranded  vanilla  flavor  in  inter- 
state commerce. 

Other  fines  of  shippers  of  oils  were  as  follows :  Oil  of 
Juniper  Berries;  James  B.  Horner,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  adultera- 
tion; fine,  $25.  Oil  of  Lavender  Flowers;  Brunswig  Drug  Co., 
Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  adulteration  and  misbranding;  $10  and 
costs.  Oil  of  Red  Thyme ;  Brunswig  Drug  Co.,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal.;   adulteration;   $10  and  costs. 

So-called  maple  syrup,  with  which  so  much  water  had  been 
mixed  that  its  quality  was  injuriously  affected,  was  shipped  by 
Frank  F.  Chamberlain  (Standard  Maple  Products  Co.)  from 
Warren.  Ohio,  into  Nebraska.  The  shipper  has  been  fined 
$25  and  costs.  The  Fort  Scott  Sorghum  Syrup  Co.  was  fine^' 
$20  and  costs  for  the  shipment  of  adulterated  and  misbranded 
sorghum   from   Fort   Scott,   Kansas,   into  Nebraska. 


Price  Maintenance 


By  JAMES   W.   MORRISSON. 

Sal    Hepatica ?1.00  size   59c. 

Syrup  of  Pepsin 1.00   size   59c. 

Iiisterine     1.00  size   59c. 

Pebeco  Tooth  Paste 50   size   33c. 

Cuticura     25  size   15c. 

THIS  happens  to  be  part  of  an  advertisement  in  a  Chicago 
Sunday   paper. 

In  other  Sunday  and  week-day  papers  in  Chicago  and 
other  cities  large  and  small  throughout  the  country  millions 
of  people  read  the  offers  of  large  stores  to  sell  them  advertised 

products  at  cost  or  less. 
WHY? 
Have  the  large  stores  be- 
come' philanthropists,  and  are 
they  engaged  in  a  nation-wide 
campaign  to  reduce  the  high 
cost  of  living  at  a  heavy  loss 
to  themselves? 

That    theory   does   not    ex- 
actly fit  the  fact  that  they  are 
organized    for,    and    do    make 
large    profits.     And    yet,    they 
do  undoubtedly  sell  these  par- 
ticular goods  at  a  loss. 
AGAIN  WHY 
"These  particular  goods!" 
There   is   the   answer.     The 
advertisement  these  were  taken 
from    covered    two    pages    of 
close-set  type.     Th^e  were  a 
J.i^MES    W.    :Morkisson  good    many    advertised    goods 

listed  at  low  prices.  But  there 
were  hundreds  of  items  that  no  purchaser  would  know  the 
proper  price  of  and  in  that  store's  stock  there  are  many 
thousands  more.  These  other  hundreds  and  thousands  when 
-sold  bring  long  profits. 

"When  sold !"  Don't  forget  that.  But  they  can't  be  sold 
■unless  purchasers  can  be  brought  to  the  store  to  buy  them. 

What  will  bring  purchasers?  Telling  them  of  undoubted 
bargains,  of  chances  to  buy  for  59  cents  goods  Uiat  ought  to 
bring  a  dollar. 

Of  course  the  big  store  loses  on  the  bargain.  It  can  afford 
to  if  it  sells  enough  of  the  long  profit  goods. 

Try  to  get  a  mental  picture  of  a  purchaser  determined  to 
get  as  much  bargain  goods  as  possible  and  the  big  store  de- 
termined to  sell  him — or  more  often  her — as  much  long  profit 
goods  as  possible,  and  you  see  the  system.  Picture  to  yourself 
the  tempting  display,  the  salespeople  with  special  commissions, 
and  the  weakness  of  human  nature,  and  you  will  see  one  of  the 
reasons  why  the  big  store  prospers. 

We  have  been  talking  of  Chicago  and  big  stores,  but  it  is 
all  equally  true  of  smaller  places,  and  smaller  stores — of  any 
store  where  there  are  some  standard  priced  goods,  and  many 
more  that  are  not. 

Now,  what  is  the  result?  There  are  three  answers  to  that. 
The  result  to  the  purchaser,  to  the  manufacturer  and  to  the 
retailer. 

Let  us  admit,  first  of  all,  that  if  the  purchaser  is  strong- 
minded  and  fortunate,  that  is  if  he  gets  his  bargain  and 
Tiothing  else,   the   result   to  him   may  be   economy.     But   that 


*From    a   recent    issue   of  "The   Pink   Sheet,"   the   organ   of 
Morrisson.  Plummer  &■  Co.,  Chicago. 


1-c  ^t'ddiii  enjoys  thesi-  two  gifts  of  the  gods  is  best  shown 
by  the  success  of  the  system.  The  Supreme  Court  of  Wash- 
ington is  quoted  as  having  taken  judicial  notice  of  this  fact 
in  these  words,  "It  is  a  fallacy  to  assume  that  the  price- 
cutter  pockets  the  loss.  The  public  makes  it  up  on  other 
purchases." 

And  how  can  tlie  public  make  it  up  on  odier  purchases 
except  by  paying  an  excessive  price  for  them,  which  tends 
neither  to  lower  the  high  cost  of  living  nor  raise  the  level  of 
commercial   morality? 

Now,  how  about  the  proprietor  of  one  of  these  standard 
priced  articles?  What  is  the  result  to  him?  But  first,  what 
distinguishes  a  branded  identified  article  from  other  merchan- 
dise of  the  same  general  class?  The  name,  of  course;  and 
what  is  the  name  but  the  proprietor's  way  of  saying  to  the 
public,  "I  believe  that  this  article  has  merit.  I  assume 
responsibility  for  it."  He  usually  goes  farther  and  says  to 
the  public,  "This  article  is  worth  $1.00  or  $10.00,"  or  some 
other  amount. 

Under  this  name  he  advertises  it  and  creates  a  demand, 
which  he  must  satisfy  through  the  retail  dealer.  So  he  says 
to  the  dealer,  "Here  is  an  article  of  ready  sale  that  will  cost 
you  $8.00  per  dozen  and  which  you  can  sell  at  $12.00  per 
dozen,"  and  the  retailer  is  content  with  his  profit  and  buys 
the  goods.  But  along  comes  a  customer  who  says  to  him, 
"WTiy  should  I  pay  you  a  dollar  for  this  when  I  can  buy  it 
of  Big  Store  &  Co.  for  59  cents?"  .\nd  by  the  time  several 
more  customers  have  asked  him  the  same  question  and  gone  to 
the  big  store  feeling  that  Mr.  Retailer  asks  too  much  for  his 
goods,  he  begins  to  lose  interest  in  that  particular  article,  and 
perhaps  tries  to  sell  something  else  in  place  of  it. 

Now,  multiply  oirr  retailer  by  some  thousands,  and  the 
proprietor  of  that  article  will  notice  a  falling  off  in  sales. 
He  may  be  perfectly  innocent  of  the  cut  price,  may  have 
objected  strenuously  to  it,  but  he  gets  punished  just  the  same. 
He  feels  that  he  has  been  injured — and  he  has.  Also,  if  he 
put  his  price  upon  the  article,  and  told  the  public  it  was 
worth  $1.00,  and  then  some  one  sells  it  for  59  cents,  he  feels 
that  his  article  is  being  discredited  in  the  public  mind — and  it 
is.  So  the  proprietor  of  the  bargain  article  cannot  see  the 
value  of  the  bargain. 

And  the  retail  dealer,  what  of  him?  Some  of  them  can 
meet  the  big  store  on  its  own  ground  and  live.  But  the 
average,  and  that  means  the  medium-sized  and  small,   cannot. 

."Vnd  that  has  led  many  intelligent  men  to  fear  that  unless 
a  way  could  be  found  to  stop  this  system  of  merchandising, 
large  numbers  of  retailers  would  be  forced  out  of  business. 
Everyone  admits  that  that  would  be  a  calamity,  and  there  has 
been  widespread  interest  aroused  in  the  proposed  remedy. 
Now,  the  remedy  must  be  some  way  of  protecting  the  prices. 
And  we  all  know  something  of  the  difficuhies  these  plans  for 
price  protection  have  heretofore  met  with  in  the  Supreme 
Court. 

But  the  new  remedy  is  not  an  individual  plan,  but  a  bill 
now  in  Congress,  which  will,  if  enacted  into  law,  legalize  the 
fixing  and  maintenance  of  resale  prices  on  certain  classes  of 
goods  and  under  certain  conditions.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  there 
are  several  different  bills,  but  the  one  that  seems  to  have  the 
right  of  way  is   the  so-called   Stevens  bill,   H.R.   13305. 

This  provides,  among  other  things,  that  a  vendor  of  an 
article  sold  under  trade-mark  or  special  brand,  the  proprietor 
of  which  has  filed  with  the  Bureau  of  Corporations  liis  trade- 
mark or  brand,  and  a  schedule  setting  forth  his  uniform  prices 
to  wholesaler,  retailer  and  the  public,  and  has  affi.xed  to  the 
article  his  price  to  the  public,  and  has  no  monopoly  or  control 
of  the  market  of  articles  in  this  general  class,  and  no  agree- 
ment or  understanding  as  to  price  of  such  articles  with  any 


4S8 


THE    rTTAT?MArET-TICAl.    KKA 


[September,  1914 


competitor,  may  lawfully  prescribe  the  sole  uniform  price  at 
which  such  article  may  be  resold,  and  that  from  this  uniform 
price  there  shall  be  no  concessions  either  by  rebate,  discount 
or  by  any  other  device  whatever. 

Now.  this  seems,  on  the  face  of  it,  a  radical  departure  from 
our  establislied  theory  that  this  is  a  land  of  free  competition, 
and  many  perfectly  sincere  people  have  seen  in  this  proposal 
the  danger  of  oppressive  monopoly.  They  will  tell  you  that 
if  you  allow  a  man  to  fix  a  price,  he  will  fix  it  too  high,  and 
thus  rob  the  consumer.  But  they  forget  two  things.  First, 
that  the  consumer  does  not  have  to  buy  these  articles,  and 
second,  that  if  the  manufacturer  fi.xcs  his  price  too  high, 
which  means  that  he  gets  an  e.xcessive  profit,  some  other 
manufacturer  will  put  on  the  market  a  competing  article  at 
a  lower  price,  and  get  the  business. 

The  only  monopoly  in  the  average  trade-marked,  or  other- 
wise identified  article,  is  the  monopoly  of  the  public  good- 
will, and  there  is  and  always  will  be  competition  among  adver- 
tised articles  for  that,  .^s  a  matter  of  fact,  the  purpose  of 
this  bill  is  the  prevention  of  monopoly — the  prevention  of 
the  kind  of  monopoly  that  is  brought  about  by  the  big  and 
powerful  organizations,  when  by  price-cutting  and  other  unfair 
competition  they  drive  out  of  business  their  smaller  com- 
petitors. 

Some  sort  of  competition  is  tmdoubtedly  an  economic 
necessity,  but  this  unbridled  and  tyrannical  competition  is 
destructive  of  equality  of  opportunity,  the  servant  of  monopoly, 
and  an  economic  evil. 

Congress  naturally  proceeds  slowly  in  matters  of  this  sort. 
One  of  its  committees  has  been  holding  extended  hearings 
upon  this  subject.  The  bureau  of  corporations  is  conducting 
an  elaborate  investigation  to  determine  the  effect  of  such 
legislation  upon  the  public  and  upon  the  various  branches  of 
the  trade  interested.  It  is  quite  probable  that  it  will  be  some 
time  before  a  bill  of  this  sort  will  pass.  There  is  still  time 
to  tell  your  Representatives  and  Senators  that  you  want  it 
to  pass. 

The  Fair  Trade  League  and  many  organizations  of  manu- 
facturers, wholesalers  and  retailers,  in  addition  to  very  many 
individuals,  have  urged  upon  Congress  the  righteousness  of 
such  legislation.  The  National  Association  of  Retail  Drug- 
gists has  been  one  of  the  leaders  in  this  movement,  and  through 
its  officers  and  its  journal  has  done  most  effective  work  for 
the  cause.  We  urge  every  man  who  is  in  doubt  upon  this 
subject  to  get  in  touch  with  that  organization  and  have  his 
doubts  dispelled,  and  we  urge  every  man  who  is  informed 
upon  the  subject,  and  in  favor  of  such  legislation,  to  write  at 
once  to  his  Senators  and  Representatives  asking  their  support 
for  the  Stevens  bill,  H.R.  13305. 


Legal  Dkcisions 


Change  in  Price  of  Creme  Elcaya. 
James  C.  Crane,  sole  agent  for  the  Elcaya  Toilet  Prepara- 
tions, 108  Fulton  street.  New  York,  announces  a  change  in 
price  of  Creme  Elcaya  from  $4  per  dozen  to  $4.50  per  dozen, 
the  same  to  become  effective  on  September  1.  Mr.  Crane 
states  that  the  raw  materials  essential  to  the  manufacture  of 
this  well-known  specialty  are  imported  from  Europe  and  are 
not  made  in  this  country.  The  effect  of  the  war  is  already 
felt  in  the  increased  cost  of  raw  materials  and  great  difficulty 
is  experienced  in  getting  a  sufficient  supply  for  the  immediate 
future. 


Biological  Products  to  Stranded  Americans. 

In  line  with  its  established  policy  of  supplying  diphtheria 
antitoxin  and  other  biological  products  for  the  treatment  of 
contagious  diseases  when  the  local  authorities  have  no  appro- 
priation for  the  purpose,  the  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.  soon  after 
the  declaration  of  hostilities  cabled  its  London  office  to  supply 
such  products  of  its  manufacture  free  of  charge  to  the  Ameri- 
cans delayed  in  London  and  to  whom  sickness  might  work  a 
hardship. 


Behrens  Drug  Co.'s  Trade  List  Changes. 
The  Behrens  Drug  Co.,  Waco,  Texas,  has  issued  a  new 
wholesale  price  list,  effective  Sept.  1,  in  which  quotations  are 
given  for  the  following  specialties:  Mrs.  McCormick's  Beauty 
Cream,  50-cent  size,  $45  per  gross;  25-cent  size  (advanced), 
$24  per  gross;  Oxidine  (regular  or  tasteless),  $45  per  gross. 
The  company  also  announces  the  withdrawal  of  the  offer  of  free 
goods  with  orders. 


Trade-Names  —  Unlawful     Competition  —  Distinctive 
Dress-Color. 

.■\  chewing  gum  company  manufactured  and  sold  gum  cut 
in  disks  called  "Violet  Chips"  and  "Mint  Chips,"  put  up  in 
enameled  round  tin  boxes,  the  violet  in  violet  boxes  and  the 
mint  in  green.  The  lettering  on  both  was  in  white  in  white 
with  the  words  "Colgan's  Violet  Chips — The  Gum  That's 
Round."  It  was  put  up  in  pasteboard  cartons  colored  to  cor- 
respond with  the  boxes,  the  cartons  being  marked  with  the 
same  lettering  as  the  boxes.  The  gum  was  largely  sold  in  the 
South  and  Southwest.  In  1912  another  gum  company  began  to 
put  out  a  round  gum  called  "Winterton's  Satsuma  Chips,"  and 
adopted  a  box  of  the  precise  shape,  size  and  form  of  that  used 
by  the  makers  of  Colgan's  chips.  It  used  a  light  blue  and  red 
color,  respectively,  and  the  words  "Winterton's  Satsuma  Chips — 
.A.  Dainty  Box  for  the  Purse,"  were  in  the  same  positions 
on  the  bo.x  as  in  the  case  of  the  Colgan  chips.  This  gum  was 
sold  in  competition  with  the  Colgan  gum  at  a  less  price  to  the 
retailer,  and  after  objection  was  made  by  the  makers  of  that 
gum,  and  shortly  before  they  brought  suit,  the  name  of  the  new 
gum  was  changed  from  "Chips"  to  "Wafers,"  and  different 
colors  were  adopted  for  the  boxes  and  cartons,  which  were 
otherwise  practically  the  same.  The  makers  of  the  Colgan  gum 
brought  suit  for  unfair  competition.  It  was  therein  held  that 
the  defendant  was  guilty  of  unlawful  competition  in  the  dress 
of  the  gum  considering  the  prior  trade,  and  that  the  com- 
plainant was  entitled  to  an  injunction  restraining  the  defendant 
from  using  boxes  or  containers  which  might  be  of  sufficient 
similarity  to  mislead  the  ordinary  purchaser. 

While  the  word  "Chips"  as  applied  to  disks  of  chewing  gum 
is  a  descriptive  word  which  may  not  be  exclusively  appropriated 
by  a  manufacturer,  yet,  having  been  appropriated,  a  competitor 
may  not  use  the  word  as  describing  its  goods  in  connection 
with  other  words,  and  such  a  form  of  dress  as  will  mislead  the 
public  to  believe  that  its  chips  are  the  complainant's  product. 
While  color,  in  trade-mark  cases,  cannot,  except  in  connection 
with  some  definite,  arbitrary  design,  be  the  subject  of  exclusive 
appropriation,  it  may  be  one  of  the  elements  making  up  a  dress 
entitled  to  protection  against  unlawful  competition.  In  order 
to  obtain  relief  against  unlawful  competition,  it  is  not  necessary 
that  the  imitation  be  such  as  to  mislead  the  careful  and  dis- 
criminating purchaser;  it  is  enough  if  it  is  calculated  to  mis- 
lead the  ordinary  and  casual  buyer.  While  a  manufacturer  is 
not  responsible  for  the  fraud  of  a  retailer  of  his  goods,  the 
former  is  guilty  of  unlawful  competition  if  he  so  dresses  his 
goods  as  to  represent  the  goods  of  another  and  assists  the 
retailer  in  palming  off  his  goods  as  those  of  the  competitor. 
Decree  awarding  injunction  and  account  was  affirmed.  (H.  E. 
Winterton  Gum  Co.  v.  Autosales  Gum  &  Chocolate  Co., 
C.C.A.,  211  Fed.  612.) 


Unlawful  Sale  of  Cocaine — Sufficiency  of  Evidence. 
In  proceedings  for  unlawfully  selling  cocaine,  the  evidence 
of  five  female  witnesses  that  they  were  habitual  users  of  the 
drug  and  were  familiar  with  its  effects,  and  also  that  they  had 
bought  the  drug  from  the  defendant  within  two  years  preceding 
the  time  when  the  accusation  was  preferred  against  her  was 
held  to  be  sufficient  to  sustain  a  conviction,  although  it  did  not 
appear  that  any  of  them  had  any  chemical  knowledge  of  cocaine. 
There  is  no  hard  and  fast  rule  requiring  that  the  nature  of  a. 
substance  should  be  proved  by  analysis,  and  not  otherwise. 
(Butler  V.  State,  Georgia  Court  of  Appeals,  81  S.E.,  370.) 


Alteration  of  Order  by  Verbal  Agreement. 
.\n  order  for  the  purchase  of  stock  medicine  provided  that 
the  amount  of  goods  shipped  should  be  $1000,  and  the  "amount 
of  free  goods  shipped  to  pay  freight,  $270."  It  also  provided 
that  verbal  or  special  agreements  affecting  the  payment  of  the 
bill  as  stated  should  not  be  allowed.  In  an  action  for  the 
balance  due,  the  purchasers  alleged  that  the  goods  were  sold 
on  condition  that  the  seller's  salesman  should  return  and  work 
up  the  trade.  It  was  held  that  the  order  was  complete  in  its 
terms  and  could  not  be  varied  by  parol  evidence  of  such  an 
agreement.  .A  mere  statement  by  the  seller,  in  response  to  the 
purchaser's  request  that  additional  free  goods  to  make  a  25 
per  cent,  profit  be  furnished,  and  a  man  be  sent  to  the  pur- 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


439 


chaser's  territory  to  work  up  a  trade,  to  the  effect  that  the 
additional  free  goods  would  be  sent,  followed  by  a  request, 
"accept  shipment.  Writing  salesman  to  call  upon  you,"  was 
not  an  agreement  to  furnish  a  salesman  to  work  up  the  trade 
for  the  purchaser.  (Capital  Food  Co.  v.  Mode  &  Clayton, 
Arkansas  Supreme  Court,  105  S.W.  637.) 


Meaning  of  Words  Used  on  Labels — Adulteration  and 
Misbranding. 
The  Circuit  Court  of  Appeals,  Fourth  Circuit,  holds  that 
pure  food  laws  are  intended  to  protect  the  public  whose  mem- 
bers may  be,  and  usually  are,  ignorant  of  the  technical  signifi- 
cance which  ordinary  words  may  have  acquired  in  particular 
trades  or  industries.  It  adopts  as  the  true  rule  of  construction 
to  be  applied  to  pure  food  statutes,  whether  State  or  Federal, 
that  stated  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  Michigan,  that  decisions 
construing  revenue  acts  "do  not  apply  to  cases  arising  under  the 
pure  food  laws  of  State  governments.  Courts  will  take  cog- 
nizance of  the  well-known  fact  that  farmers,  laboring  men,  and 
consumers  are  not  generally  familiar  with  the  customs  of  trade 
and  commerce  in  importing  goods,  or  of  the  understandings  of 
the  trade  between  manufacturers  and  merchants  who  buy  these 
products  for  retail  trade.  Such  construction  would  emasculate 
the  pure  food  law,  and  deprive  the  people  of  the  protection, 
which  the  Legislature  wisely  intended  to  give  them." 

Section  8  of  the  Federal  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  w'hich  pro- 
vides that  mi.xtures  or  compounds  known  as  articles  of  food 
under  their  own  distinctive  names  shall  not  be  deemed  adul- 
terated or  misbranded  when  sold  under  such  name,  does  not,  it 
is  held,  apply  to  a  case  where  the  name  used  in  its  popular 
meaning  is  accurately  descriptive  of  another  well-known  food 
product.  A  food  product  sold  under  the  name  of  "Condensed 
Skimmed  Milk"  was  held  to  be  adulterated  and  misbranded, 
where  it  contained  42  per  cent,  of  cane  sugar,  the  presence  of 
which  was  not  indicated  on  the  label;  it  being  sho^vn  that  con- 
densed skimmed  milk  unsweetened  is  also  made  and  sold. 
(Libby,  McNeill  &  Libby,  v.  U.S.,  C.C.A.,  210  Fed.  148.) 


Sale  of  Intoxicating  Liquors — Attestation  of  Permits. 

A  druggist,  carrying  on  business  in  a  town  in  Iowa,  in 
making  sales  of  liquors  under  permits,  omitted  to  attest  two 
of  them,  as  required  by  Iowa  Code,  §2394.  In  proceedings 
for  violation  of  the  statute  it  was  held  that,  although  there 
was  no  bad  faith  in  the  omission,  the  statute  had  been 
violated.  An  active  duty  is  required  of  the  permit  holder  in 
each  case,  and  it  must  be  performed  in  fact  before  he  can 
lawfully  make  the  sale.  (McAllister  vs.  Campbell,  Iowa 
Supreme  Court,  145  N.W.  867.) 


Action  Tor  Price — Misbranded  Drugs — Agreement  to 
Advertise. 
Action  was  brought  for  the  purchase  price  of  a  quantity  of 
patent  medicine  called  "Nott's  Melon  Seed  Kidney  Cure." 
The  defences  were  that  the  plaintiff  had  broken  its  contract 
in  regard  to  advertising  agreed  therein  to  be  done,  and  also 
that  the  goods  were  misbranded.  The  trial  court  instructed 
the  jury  that  the  only  question  which  they  could  consider 
was  whether  the  drugs  in  question  were  misbranded.  It  was 
held,  on  appeal,  that  this  was  error,  because  it  appeared  that 
the  plaintiff  was  not  able  to  carry  out  the  advertising  part 
of  the  contract  as  it  had  agreed,  and  this  evidence  should 
have  been  submitted  to  the  jury.  In  regard  to  the  alleged 
misbranding,  it  appeared  that  the  defendant  was  prosecuted 
by  the  State  for  having  this  misbranded  article  in  its  store, 
and  that  it  was  fined  $10,  and  required  to  pay  the  costs  of 
the  prosecution.  It  was  therefore  held  that  the  plaintiff 
should  be  required  to  take  back  the  goods  and  credit  the 
defendant  with  the  price  thereof,  in  accordance  with  the 
terms  of  the  contract  of  sale.  (Hessig-EUis  Drug  Co.  vs. 
Harley  Drug  Co.     Nebraska  Supreme  Court,   146  S.W.  716.) 

Druggists — Sale  of  Patent  Medicines — Liability  for 
Purity. 
A  druggist  who  holds  himself  out  as  the  actual  manu- 
facturer of  a  patent  medicine  put  up  by  a  wholesaler  with 
the  retailer's  name  on  the  package  is  held  not  entitled  in 
Wilson  vs.  Faxon,  47  L.R.A.(N.S.)  693,  to  the  benefit  of 
an  exception  in  a  statute  making  druggists  responsible  for  the 
quality  of  medicine  sold  by  them,  except  those  sold  in  original 
packages  of  the  manufacturer,  and  those  articles  known  as 
patent  or  proprietary  medicines. 


Gasoline    Explosion — ^Proximate    Cause. 

An  action  was  brought  against  the  owner  of  a  drug  store 
for  injuries  to  the  plaintiff's  automobile,  caused  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner:  The  plaintiff's  son  drove  the  automobile  to 
the  defendant's  drug  store  to  have  it  filled  with  gasoline. 
.■\fter  stopping  the  machine  in  front  of  the  store  and  ordering 
the  gasoline,  he  turned  down  the  light  of  a  lamp  attached  to 
the  rear  of  the  automobile  about  20  inches  under  the  cap  of 
the  tank  into  which  the  gasoline  was  poured,  and  walked 
away  to  talk  to  some  boys.  The  side  of  the  lamp  next  to  the 
defendant's  store  was  of  metal,  so  that  the  light  did  not  show 
in  that  direction.  The  defendant's  clerk  brought  out  a  five- 
gallon  gasoline  can,  and,  without  noticing  that  the  light  was 
burning,  placed  a  funnel  in  the  mouth  of  the  tank,  and  lifted 
the  can  to  pour  in  gasoline,  when  some  of  the  gasoline  ran 
down,  causing  an  explosion.  There  was  no  proof  whether  the 
cap  on  the  tank  was  originally  removed  by  the  plaintiff's  son 
or  by  the  defendant's  clerk.  It  was  held  that  the  plaintiff's 
son  was  negligent  in  merely  lowering  the  light  and  removing 
the  tank  cap  and  walking  away  without  explaining  to  the 
defendant's  clerk  that  the  tank  was  not  ready  to  be  filled. 
The  negligence  was  a  proximate  cause  of  the  explosion.  Even 
if  the  defendant's  clerk  had  been  negligent,  the  plaintiff  could 
not  recover,  under  the  rule  that  where  the  plaintiff  and  the 
defendant  are  guilty  of  acts  of  negligence  which  together  con- 
stitute the  proximate  cause  of  the  injury,  then  the  negligence 
of  the  plaintiff,  however  slight,  bars  a  recovery.  (Grigsby 
&  Co.  vs.  Bratton,  Tennessee  Supreme  Court,   163  S.W.  804.) 


Pills  and  Tablets  XInder  the  Boylan  Law. 

Warren  L.  Bradt,  secretary  of  the  New  York  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  recently  asked  for  a  ruling  by  the  Attorney-General 
on  Section  245  of  the  Boylan  law  in  its  application  to  the 
points  raised  by  the  following  question : 

There  are  many  preparations  in  pill  and  tablet  form  that 
contain  small  amounts  of  some  of  the  above-named  drugs  and 
are  sold  and  dispensed  by  the  dozen  and  hundred  and  not  by 
weight. 

In  each  of  these  pills  and  tablets  the  dose  of  the  drugs  is 
n  t  more  than  would  be  in  a  dose  of  a  liquid  or  solid  prepara- 
tion as  permitted  in  the  above  quoted  section. 

Will  you  advise  me  if  "one  avoirdupois  ounce"  applies  to 
pills  and  tablets  and  if  not,  can  they  be  sold  without  a  phy- 
sician's prescription? 

The  Attorney-General  gives  the  following  opinion: 

"I  reply  to  your  letter  of  July  22nd,  wherein  you  ask  my 
construction  of  the  Boylan  law  in  that  part  of  Section  245 
which  reads  as  follows : 

"*  *  *  *  Provided  that  the  provisions  of  this  article 
shall  not  apply  to  the  sale  of  domestic  and  proprietary 
remedies,  actually  sold  in  good  faith  as  medicines  and 
not  for  the  purpose  of  evading  the  provisions  of  this 
article   and   provided   further   that  such   remedies   and 
preparations  do  not  contain  more  than  two  grams  of 
opium,  or  one-fourth  grain  of  morphine  or  one-fourth 
grain  of  heroin  or  one  grain  of  codeine,  or  ten  grains 
of   chloral   or   their   salts   in   one   fluid   ounce,   or   if   a 
solid    preparation,    in    one    avoirdupois    ounce,    nor   to 
plasters,  liniments  and  ointn.ents  for  external  use  only. 
"Proprietary   and   domestic   medicines   are,   therefore,   classed 
as   either   fluid   or   solid,    and   such   medicines   in   tlie   form   of 
pills  and   tablets  would,   in  my  opinion,   be   in   solid   form,   re- 
gardless of  the  method  of  sale,  whether  by  weight  or  by  count. 
They   may   without   a   prescription   be   sold   by   weight,    by   the 
box    or   dozen    unless   one    avoirdupois    ounce    of    them    would 
contain  more  than  the  above  spetified  quantity  of  either  of  the 
drugs." 

(Signed)     Thom.'vs   Carmody, 

Attorney-General. 
By  James   A.  Paesons, 

Deputy. 

Pharmacy  Law  Violated  in  Illinois R.  G.  Rosen- 
stone,  a  registered  pharmacist  in  Sandwich,  111.,  was  fined  $75 
and  costs  by  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  for  permitting  an 
unregistered  clerk  to  sell  drugs  during  his  absence  from  the 
store;  Roy  Seymour,  of  Dwight,  was  fined  $50  and  costs  for 
selling  drugs  without  being  registered. 


440 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    EKA 


[September,  1914 


FROM   THE   BUSINESS  FIELD. 


The  case  of  Humiston,  Keeling  &  Co.,  Chicago,  against 
Catherine  Yore,  George  C.  Bridgman  and  John  A.  Hinman, 
of  Benton  Harbor,  Mich.,  was  recently  heard  in  the  Supreme 
Court,  the  demurrer  granted  by  Judge  Perkins,  of  Kent  county, 
to  the  defendants  being  reversed.  The  case  now  goes  back  to 
the  circuit  court  to  be  tried  on  its  merits.  John  A.  Hinman, 
who  several  years  ago  was  the  owner  of  the  Yore  block  phar- 
macy, Benton  Harbor,  disposed  of  the  business  to  Catherine 
Y'ore,  owing,  it  is  alleged,  Humiston,  Keeling  &  Co.  about  $6(.>0 
for  supplies.  .\  few  days  later  Mrs.  Y'ore  sold  the  store  to 
George  C.  Bridgman.  The  wholesale  druggists  sued  to  collect 
the  account  and  made  Mrs.  Yore  and  Mr.  Bridgman  co- 
defendants  with  the  former  owner.  A  demurrer  was  entered 
for  them  on  the  ground  that  there  was  no  liability. 

The  Physicians  and  Dentists'  Corporation  of  America 
has  established  a  laboratory  on  Croton  avenue.  New  Castle, 
Pa.,  and  is  engaged  in  filling  orders.  E.  E.  Craft  is  general 
manager.  All  goods  are  sold  direct  to  physicians  and  dentists. 
The  general  offices  of  the  company  are  located  in  Cleveland. 
Some  time  ago  the  company  took  over  the  property  of  the 
United  Physicians'  Supply  Co.,  in  Cleveland,  and  have  since 
spent  about  $10,000  in  improvements,  making  it,  it  is  reported, 
the  first  of  a  chain  of  distributing  stores.  Branches  are 
plaimed  for  Pittsburgh,  Rochester,  Indianapolis,  Chicago,  Cin- 
cinnati, Denver  and  San  Francisco.  The  company  owns  the 
factory  known  as  the  Seiber  Welch  Co.,  at  Massillon,  Ohio. 

Saenger  Bros.'  drug  store,  Shreveport,  La.,  was  invaded  by 
a  frightened  horse  one  evening  recently,  the  animal  dashing 
through  the  front  door.  It  slipped  and  fell  on  the  smooth  tile 
fioor.  Frank  Allen,  a  soda  dispenser,  was  equal  to  the  occasion, 
and  by  sitting  on  its  head  prevented  it  from  running  through 
the  salesroom  and  into  the  prescription  department.  The  store 
was  filled  with  an  after-theater  crowd,  consisting  mostly  of 
women  and  children.  There  was  a  wild  stampede  for  the  rear 
of  the  store.  One  woman  was  painfully  but  not  seriously  cut 
on  the  arms  by  a  piece  of  broken  glass. 

George  P.  Warner  and  Isabella  Bess  Warner  have  filed  a 
bill  in  equity  in  the  Superior  Cotirt  at  Salem,  Mass.,  seeking 
to  prevent  J.  Maro  Harriman  from  disposing  of  any  stock  in 
the  Harriman  Drug  Co.,  of  LvTin,  until  after  more  than  S2000 
has  been  paid  them.  Besides  Harriman,  George  B.  Durgin,  of 
Beverly,  is  named  as  a  defendant.  This  action  was  taken  as  the 
result  of  a  legal  and  financial  tangle  of  some  years'  standing. 
The  bill  was  brought  to  reach  and  apply  Harriman's  interest 
in  the  S5000  drug  store  stock  as  may  be  determined  in  the 
claim. 

The  Spurlock-Neal  Co.,  wholesale  druggists,  Nzishville, 
Tenn.,  recently  gave  a  luncheon  to  its  office  force  and  field 
stafi".  The  affair  was  in  celebration  of  the  opening  of  the 
new  addition  to  the  company's  store  on  Second  avenue.  Among 
Those  who  responded  to  toasts  were  Charles  !Marlin,  general 
manager;  E.  -\.  Gilliland,  sales  manager;  Smith  Tenison, 
assistant  manager;  Frank  Smith,  manager  of  the  laboratory; 
C.  D.  Campbell,  manager  of  the  simdry  department,  and  E.  P. 
Gilbert,  representing  the  salesmen. 

The  Fitchburg  (Mass.)  Drug  Co.'s  pharmacy  at  Main 
and  Oliver  streets,  including  the  stock  in  trade  and  good-will 
of  Harry  M.  Brooks,  was  recently  sold  to  Clinton  B.  Davis,  of 
Springfield,  and  George  G.  Tyler,  of  North  Adams.  The  new 
proprietors  took  possession  at  once.  Mr.  Brooks  was  regarded 
as  one  of  the  most  popular  druggists  in  Worcester  county  and 
was  knowTi  as  a  progressive ,  and  up-to-date  business  man. 
He  had  been  in  business  in  this  city  about  eight  years. 

George  H.  Bartell,  proprietor  of  six  drug  stores,  Seattle, 
Wash.,  recently  invited  the  ladies  of  the  city  to  be  his  guests 
at  a  local  theater.  The  invitation  was  extended  in  celebration 
of  the  25th  anniversary  of  Mr.  Bartell's  establishment  in  the 
drug  business  in  that  city.  Mr.  Bartell  came  to  Seattle  from 
Kansas,  opening  his  first  store  before  reaching  the  age  of  20. 
He  now  has  a  store  convenient  to  every  shopping  district  in 
Seattle  and  advertises  by  the  page  in  the  local  papers. 

Husband's  pharmacy,  is  one  of  five  Modesto,  Cal.,  firms 
-styling  themselves  the  "Stork  Merchants."  They  have  a  scheme 
for  giving  each  baby  bom  to  a  customer  a  saving  accotmt, 
the  baby  being  registered  at  the  store  and  five  cents  in  script 


being  presented  with  each  dollar  spent  in  purchases.  The 
script  is  deposited  in  the  baby's  name  in  a  local  bank  and 
draws  four  per  cent,  interest.  The  accounts  are  to  stand  until 
ilie  child  reaches  the  age  of  15  years. 

The  Geer  Drug  Co.,  wholesale  and  manufacturing  drug- 
gists, of  Charleston,  S.C.,  will  establish  a  branch  house  at 
Columbia.  .\  modem  brick  warehouse  will  be  built  and  the 
branch  will  carry  a  stock  valued  at  about  $120,000.  North 
Carolina  and  Georgia,  in  addition  to  South  Carolina  territory, 
will  be  covered  from  this  point.  The  Geer  Drug  Co.  has  been 
established  in  Charleston  for  about  17  years  and  the  company 
has  a  branch  at  Spartansburg. 

Jacob  S.  Kaufman,  of  Hartford,  Conn.,  is  not  entitled  to 
discharge  from  bankruptcy  is  the  report  of  the  referee  filed 
recently.  That  official  fovmd  that  Kaufman  has  been  the 
beneficial  owner  of  the  fi.xtures,  stock  on  hand,  accotints  re- 
ceivable and  good-will,  from  May  8,  1906,  to  the  present  time. 
Kaufman  and  his  wife  had  e.\ecuted  a  release  of  their  interest 
to  other  parties  and  a  creditor  objected  to  the  druggist's 
application  for  discharge. 

The  Square  Drug  Co.,  Market  Square,  Kno.vi-ille,  Tenn., 
recently  opened  to  the  public,  following  an  extensive  remodeling 
of  its  store.  About  4000  were  in  attendance  at  the  opening. 
The  store  was  decorated  for  the  occasion  with  palms.  Japanese 
parasols,  flowers  and  artificial  decorations.  In  escorting  visi- 
tors through  the  establishment,  physicians  were  shown  special 
attention,  demonstrations  for  their  benefit  being  made  in  the 
prescription  department. 

Roy  True,  sanitary  officer  at  Coimcil  Bluffs,  Iowa,  has  sold 
his  drug  store  at  2319  West  Broadway,  that  city,  his  duties  as 
city  official  taking  too  much  of  his  time  to  allow  him  to 
retain  the  store.  The  store  was  purchased  by  John  ^'itamvos, 
formerly  employed  at  the  Clark  drug  store,  and  Herman 
Kimdle,  Jr.,  who  has  been  with  the  True  company  since  its 
establishment.  The  store  will  now  be  known  as  the  Eagle 
drug  store. 

J.  A.  Bengston,  of  Rock  Island,  111.,  a  nephew  of  John 
Bengston,  the  veteran  druggist  of  that  city,  will  open  "The 
Twentieth  Century  Pharmacy"  in  the  Sherman  house  building 
at  the  comer  of  17th  street  and  Third  avenue.  J.  A.  Bengston 
is  a  former  superintendent  of  the  city  schools  in  .Mtoona  and 
Maranetta,  and  is  a  graduate  of  Northwestern  University, 
where  he  attended  the  school  of  pharmacy. 

Vincent  M.  Flood,  druggist  of  Dewey  avenue,  Rochester, 
N.Y'.,  has  been  sent  into  bankruptcy  by  three  of  his  creditors, 
who  filed  an  involuntary  petition  against  him,  alleging  that  he 
had  committed  an  act  of  bankruptcj-  in  that  he  had  preferred 
another  creditor  by  giving  him  a  chattel  mortgage  on  his 
stock  and  fixtures  and  other  property.  The  case  has  been 
sent  before  a  referee  for  settlement. 

E.  W.  Faton  recently  held  a  formal  opening  at  his  drug 
store  at  1  State  street,  Newbiurport,  Mass.,  following  the  en- 
larging and  remodelling  of  the  establishment.  The  fountain 
was  placed  in  charge  of  the  ladies  of  Anti-Tuberculosis  Society 
from  9  a.m.  to  9  p.m.,  all  receipts  being  turned  over  to  the 
cause.  Dinging  the  evening  hoiurs  an  orchestra  played  and 
souvenirs  were  given   out. 

The  H.  K.  Mulford  Co.,  Philadelphia,  has  established  a 
branch  in  London.  H.  Hilson  Whyte,  sales  manager  for  the 
company,  recently  returned  from  England  after  getting  the 
branch  in  full  swing.  He  found  that  the  British  are  rapidly 
adopting  .American  ways  of  doing  business,  one  being  that 
salesmen  in  the  big  shops  are  no  longer  fined  when  they  fail 
to  make  a  sale. 

The  G.  Armstrong  Company  opened  the  first  drug  store 
in  a  railroad  terminal  in  New  England  in  the  North  station, 
Boston,  Mass.  The  new  store  represents  an  investment  of 
approximately  $35,000  and  is  one  of  the  finest  and  most  up- 
to-date  in  New  England.  It  is  managed  by  W.  A.  Brown. 
.\  registered  lady  drug  clerk  is  a  member  of  the  organization. 

Shelley  Stemen  and  Chester  Hall,  of  Columbia  City, 
Ind.,  and  who  are  coiuiected  with  Meier  &  Keiser.  retail  drug- 
gists, have  contracted  with  Dr.  John  Richards,  of  Laud.  Jef- 
ferson township,  for  the  sole  right  to  manufacture  and  dis- 
tribute his  entire  patented  line  of  formulas.  Dr.  Richards  is 
one  of  the  oldest  practitioners  in  the  county. 

J.  C.  Johnson,  known  to  the  residents  of  Mc.-\lester,  Okla., 
as  "Jolmnie"  for  short,  recently  annoiuiced  that  he  would 
open   a  drug  store   on   Sept.   1   at   the   comer  of   Third  and 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


441 


Choctaw  avenue.  His  store  will  be  called  tlie  Jolinson  phar- 
macy. He  is  one  of  the  pioneer  drug  men  of  the  city,  having 
settled  in  ilc.\!ester  nearly  25  years  ago. 

Morrison  &  Armstrong,  Pontiac,  111.,  have  disposed  of 
their  drug  and  jewelry  store  to  Edward  Biasi,  formerly  with 
Weis  S:  Theodore,  at  Streator.  Jlr.  ilorrison  is  actively  en- 
gaged with  the  Pontiac  Motor  Car  Company  and  Mr.  Arm- 
strong may  spend  some  time  with  Mr.  Biasi  in  the  store. 

George  W.  Weiss  has  opened  an  attractive  store  in  the 
Xertney  building,  ^Madison  street,  Ottawa,  111.  Mr.  Weiss 
designed  the  ILxtures  himself.  Mr.  Weiss  has  been  in  the  drug 
business  for  17  years  or  more.  He  recently  disposed  of  his 
interest  in  the  Weiss  &  Theodore  drug  store  in  Streator. 

The  DeMoville  Drug  Co.,  Church  street  and  Fourth 
avenue.  Nashville,  Tenn.,  has  had  one  of  the  walls  of  its 
building  condemned.  The  building  is  one  of  the  oldest  in  the 
city  and  was  erected  before  the  Civil  War.  The  drug  com- 
pany has  occupied  it  practically  since  its  erection. 

Lanier  Robb,  of  Heyworth,  111.,  is  now  conducting  the 
drug  business  operated  for  more  than  25  years  by  his  father, 
the  late  Hugh  Robb,  who  died  in  March  last.  Mr.  Robb,  Sr., 
was  prominent  in  church  and  lodge  work  and  was  one  of  the 
substantial   business   men   of  his  community. 

August  Knoeller,  druggist  at  DePere,  Wis.,  has  remodeled 
his  building  in  several  respects.  Various  changes  have  been 
made  in  the  store  and  several  improvements  have  been  made 
on  the  second  floor,  which  has  been  remodeled  into  living 
quarters  for  Mr.  Knoeller  and  his  wife. 

Bossmann  &  Pluck,  druggists  at  Horicon,  Wis.,  have  dis- 
solved partnership.  L.  A.  Bossmann  has  purchased  the  in- 
terests of  T.  A.  Pluck  and  will  now  conduct  the  business  under 
his  own  name.  It  is  understood  that  Mr.  Pluck  will  travel 
in  the  interests  of  a  furniture  concern. 

Public  Drug  Store,  No.  2,  was  recently  opened  by  Dietz 
&  Wright  at  San  Joaquin  street  and  Weber  avenue,  Stockton, 
Cal.  It  is  one  of  the  finest  in  the  city.  A  beautiful  soda 
foimtain,  at  which  free  soda  was  served  on  the  opening  day, 
is  a  feature. 

Claude  Herndon  will  open  a  modem  drug  store  at  the 
comer  of  Elm  and  Gaston  streets.  Greensboro,  X .  C.  Mr. 
Hemdon  aims  to  make  his  store  one  of  the  most  attractive  in 
the  State  and  the  store  room  is  now  undergoing  extensive 
renovation. 

W.  0.  Kleinheinz  has  opened  a  new  pharmacy  at  714 
South  Park  street.  Madison,  Wis.  New  fixtures  and  a  new- 
soda  foimtain  have  been  installed.  Mr.  Kleinheinz  graduated 
in  1911  from  the  school  of  pharmacy  of  the  University  of 
Wisconsin. 

The  Pettit-Stewart  Drug  Co.,  of  .\ttalla,  Ala.,  has  been 
incorporated  with  $5000  capital  to  do  a  general  wholesale  and 
retail  business  in  drugs.  E.  D.  Pettit  is  president;  C.  E. 
Stewart,  vice-president,  and  J.  W.  Stewart,  secretary-treasurer. 

E.  P.  Hofflet's  drug  store,  Estelline,  S.D.,  was  recently  en- 
tered by  burglars  who  got  away  with  jewelry  and  goods  to  the 
value  of  $1500.  Entrance  was  effected  through  a  coal  chute, 
and  it  is  thought  that  the  work  was  done  by  two  hoboes. 

The  L.  K.  Preston  Drug  Co.'s  store,  Beaumont,  Texas, 
will  be  sold  at  auction,  according  to  a  recent  report.  This 
decision  was  arrived  at  following  the  election  of  G.  R. 
Nogueria,  trustee  of  the  defunct  company,  as  receiver. 

Shumate's  Pharmacy,  Inc.,  has  leased  the  comer  store 
in  the  new  Physicians'  building,  northwest  comer  Sutter  and 
Powell  streets,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  The  lease  is  for  a  period 
of  10  years  and  involves  total  rental  of  about  $40,000. 

The  Owl  drug  store,  at  its  recent  opening  in  Roseburg, 
Ore.,  served  free  soda  water.  IManager  Karr,  of  the  new  store, 
a  graduate  of  Northwestern  University  School  of  Pharmacy, 
has  had  23  years'  experience  in  the  drug  business. 

The  Gwynn-Bums  Drug  Co.,  Tallahassee,  Fla.,  has  pur- 
chased the  entire  stock  and  fixtures  of  the  Tallahassee  Drug 
Co.,  and  will  for  a  time  at  least  conduct  the  latter  company's 
store  at  College  avenue  and  Jlonroe  street. 

The  United  Drug  Company,  through  local  brokers,  has 
leased  the  Broadway  store  adjoining  Liggetts,  in  the  Hotel 
McAlpin,  Broadway  and  34th  street.  The  store  is  27  feet  wide 
and  held  for  rent  at  $18,000  per  year. 


The  D.  B.  Spagnoli  drug  store  at  Jackson,  Cal.,  has  been 
sold  to  William  J.  Peters,  who  has  been  in  charge  of  the  pre- 
scription department  for  some  years.  The  store  has  been  in 
existence  since  the  "early"  days. 

The  Bronson  Drug  Co.  and  the  Cousins  Drug  Co.,  of 
Bronson,  Texas,  have  consolidated  and  will  occupy  the  Hodg- 
son building,  G.  D.  Hodgson  being  one  of  the  heaviest  stock- 
holders in  the  merger. 

Joseph  O'Bearn,  the  Hannibal,  111,  dmggist,  has  installed 
a  photographic  developing  and  printing  department  over  his 
drug  store  and  has  engaged  a  professional  photographer  to 
look  after  this  feature. 

The  American  Stores  Products  Co.  is  a  new  Delaware 
corporation  to  own  and  operate  drug  stores.  It  is  capitalized 
at  $200,000,  widi  M.  Sweeney,  E.  R.  Devine  and  E.  R.  Cochran, 
Jr.,   as  incorporators. 

The  National  Sales  &  Supply  Co.  has  been  incorporated 
with  $500,000  capital,  to  deal  in  chemicals  and  druggists'  sup- 
plies, by  F.  E.  Karelsen,  Jr.,  B.  Schaffer  and  \\'.  S.  Gordon, 
New  York  City. 

Cailler  &  Co.,  the  New  York  essential  oil  house,  has  had  a 
petition  in  bankruptcy  filed  against  it,  following  an  assign- 
ment. The  liabilities  are  estimated  at  $50,000  and  the  assets 
about  $35,000. 

The  Union  Wholesale  Drug  Co..  of  Boston,  has  been 
incorporated  with  $40,000  capital,  by  C.  A.  Stover,  of  Cam- 
bridge; F.  A.  Epstein,  of  Boston,  and  A.  H.  Ackerman,  of 
Boston. 

Brewer  &  Co.,  wholesale  druggists.  Fall  River,  Mass.,  are 
having  plans  made  for  a  warehouse  to  be  erected  on  Pearce 
street,  at  the  north  end.     It  will  be  three-  or  foiu--story  brick. 

Charles  L.  Gimbel,  for  some  time  manager  of  the  Hansen 
drug  store.  No.  3,  at  2046  West  Third  street,  Davenport,  Iowa, 
has  purchased  the  establishment  and  will  continue  the  business. 

John  Belles,  a  well-known  druggist  of  Cocington,  has 
purchased  the  Geo.  D.  Cook  drag  store.  South  Washington 
street,  Crawfordsville,  Ind.,  and  will  conduct  the  two  stores. 

The  Lewis  Bear  Driving  Co.  is  a  new  Wilmington,  Del., 
corporation  with  $500,000  capital  which  will  purchase  drugs, 
and   chemicals  and  manufacture  medicines  of  all  kinds. 

The  Meyer  Brothers  drag  stores,  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  re- 
cently celebrated  the  62d  anniversary  of  the  founding  of  the 
business.    A  week  of  special  sales  marked  the  event. 

The  Eiker-Hegeman  Co.  has  leased  a  large  space  in  the 
Smith,  Gray  &  Co.  building.  Fulton  street  and  Flatbush  avenue, 
Brook!>'n.     The  building  is  being  altered. 

The  Feind  &  Hain  Drug  Co.,  of  Newark,  has  been 
incorporated  with  $150,000  capital,  by  F.  W.  .\.  Hain,  F.  L. 
Feind,  M.  J.  Hain  and  M.  E.  Feind. 

_C.  P.  Dirickson,  pharmacist  at  319  Granby  street,  Norfolk, 
Va.,  recently  filed  a  petition  in  voluntary  bankraptcy.  He  gave 
his  liabilities  as  S2315;  assets  $4385. 

Carl  Hintz,  Milwaukee  draggist,  has  been  given  authority 
to  establish  a  postal  station  in  his  store,  841  First  avenue,  to 
be  known  as  No.  70. 

John  Wyeth  &  Bro.,  Philadelphia,  have  opened  a  New- 
York  office  at  449  West  42d  street,  with  Charles  Howard  as 
their  representative. 

The  Walding,  Kinnan  &  Marvin  Co.,  wholesale  drag- 
gists  of  Toledo,  Ohio,  has  increased  its  capital  stock  from 
$100,000  to  $250,000. 

The  Fink  Theater  pharmacy,  Springfield,  Mo.,  has  been 
sold  to  A.  C.  Fisher,  formerly  of  Bolivar.  The  consideration 
was  S4650. 

Haggard  &  Falkenhainer,  the  Algona,  Iowa,  draggists, 
have  traded  their  drug  store  for  a  240-acre  farm  to  O.  G. 
Jones,   of  Cresco. 

A.  C.  Liepe,  of  Jlilwaukee,  has  awarded  contracts  for 
erecting  a  substantial  addition  to  his  drug  store  at  1412  Green 
Bay  avenue. 

Walter  Cole,  who  has  clerked  for  three  years  at  Fernald's 
drug  store.  Rumford,  Me.,  recently  purchased  a  store  at 
Freeport. 

The  Riker-Jaynes  Co.,  Boston,  has  opened  a  store  at  447 

Washington  street,  that  city. 


442 


THE  piiak:maceutical  era 


[September,  1914 


Drug  Laws  and  Rulings 


New  Amendment  to  Harrison  Bill — Senator  Pomerene, 
of  Ohio,  has  introduced  an  amending  clause  to  line  6,  page  3, 
of  the  Harrison  anti-narcotic  bill  as  it  now  stands  in  the 
Senate,  the  amendment  being  as  follows:  "Provided  further. 
That  this  act  shall  not  apply  to  physicians  and  surgeons  regu- 
larly licensed  to  practice  their  profession  in  the  State,  Terri- 
tory or  District  where  they  reside,  who  may  prescribe,  dis- 
pense or  administer  said  drugs  in  good  faith;  nor  to  nurses 
or  attendants  who  may  dispense  or  administer  in  like  good 
faith  said  drugs  under  the  direction  of  a  physician  or  surgeon 
regularly  licensed  and  given  in  good  faith  as  aforesaid." 

An ti -Narcotic  Bill  Beaten  in  Louisiana — The  Samuel 
bill  in  the  Louisiana  House  providing  for  the  regulation  of  the 
sale  of  chloral,  cocaine,  opium  or  any  of  its  salts,  alkaloids 
or  derivatives  has  been  killed.  This  bill  was  opposed  by  both 
druggists  and  physicians  on  the  ground  that  it  would  work  an 
unnecessary  hardship  on  them.  The  first  draft  provided  that 
no  pharmacist,  druggist  or  other  person  should  sell,  have  or 
offer  for  sale  or  give  away  any  chloral,  cocaine,  opium,  or  any 
of  its  salts,  alkaloids  or  derivatives,  or  any  compound  or 
preparation  of  any  of  them  except  upon  the  written  prescrip- 
tion of  a  duly  licensed  physician,  veterinarian  or  dentist.  An 
exception  was  made  in  the  case  of  domestic  or  proprietary 
medicines  actuallv  sold  in  good  faith  as  medicines  and  not  for 
the  purpose  of  evading  the  act.  The  bill  further  provided  that 
physicians  should  make  a  physical  examination  before  pre- 
scribing such  drugs,  and  that  doctors  should  keep  a  duplicate 
record  of  all  such  prescriptions.  The  druggist  would  be  re- 
quired to  verify  such  prescriptions  by  telephone  or  otherwise 
before  filling  them.  The  author  of  the  bill  announced  that  he 
would  continue  to  fight  for  its  passage. 

Starts  Fight  on  "BefiU"  Druggists— A  Chicago  court 
has  fined  a  Chicago  druggist  $50  for  practicing  substitution  in 
the  matter  of  filling  two  prescriptions.  A  servant  was  sent  to 
have  a  bottle  refilled  at  a  certain  drug  store  where  the  original 
prescription  had  been  filled ;  the  servant  took  the  bottle  to  another 
drug  store,  where  the  druggist  filled  it  with  what  he  supposed 
the  bottle  had  contained.  The  Board  of  Pharmacy  sought  to 
have  the  maximum  fine  imposed,  but  the  court  gave  the 
offending  druggist  the  minimum. 

Kentucky  Pharmacy  Board  Upheld  by  Court — The 
Kentucky  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  been  upheld  in  its 
right  to 'make  its  own  rules  relative  to  the  granting  of  certifi- 
cates of  registration  to  applicants,  the  court  refusing  a  writ 
of  mandamus  against  the  board  asked  by  C.  C.  King.  King 
applied  for  a  license  to  practice  pharmacy  in  December,  1911, 
producing  a  license  from  the  State  of  Georgia.  He  asked  the 
board  to  grant  him  a  reciprocal  license  under  authority  con- 
ferred on  the  board  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature  of  1910. 
The  license  was  refused  King  and  subsequent  thereto  the 
board  adopted  a  resolution  that  no  applicant  from  a  foreign 
State  would  be-  granted  a  reciprocal  registration  in  Kentucky 
unless  he  had  practiced  his  profession  in  the  foreign  State  for 
a  period  of  not  less  than  one  year.  It  was  admitted  by  the 
board  that  the  resolution  was  adopted  to  cover  the  King  case 
and  the  court  holds  that  the  board  acted  within  its  province 
in  adopting  the  resolution.  Relative  to  the  action  of  the  board 
in  adopting  the  resolution  the  court  said:  "If  it  were  not  for 
this  regulation  a  resident  in  the  State  of  Kentucky  might, 
after  having  failed  upon  an  examination  before  the  board  to 
obtain  a  certificate,  go  to  another  State  and  obtain  a  certifi- 
cate and  return  immediately  te  the  State  of  Kentucky  and  by 
reason  of  the  act  of  the  Legislature  herein  quoted,  as  a  matter 
of  right  have  issued  to  him  a  certificate  by  said  board.  The 
injustice  of  this  course  and  the  absolute  necessity  of  this 
regulation  seems  so  apparent  that  the  court  is  of  the  opinion 
that  the  mandamus  should  not  be  granted,  and  so  holds."  King 
obtained  a  certificate  from  the  Georgia  State  Board  of  Phar- 
macy Nov.  10,  1911,  and  applied  to  the  Kentucky  Board  for 
a  reciprocal  registration  within  a  period  of  30  days. 
Clerk  Fined  for  Not  Answering  Demands  of  Court. 
Legal  punishment  for  too  strict  attention  to  a  plain  legal 
duty  was  the  rather  hard  fate  which  recently  befell  Harry  F. 
Decker,  prescription  clerk  in  Lakamp  &  Sentker's  drug  store  in 
Cincinnati.    Decker  was  subpoened  in  the  Common  Pleas  Court 


as  a  witness  in  the  $15,000  damage  suit  of  George  A.  McGahan 
against  the  Cincinnati  Traction  Co.,  but  was  not  served  until 
the  morning  of  the  trial,  when  his  immediate  presence  was 
required.  At  the  time  the  subpoena  was  served  it  happened 
that  Decker  was  the  only  prescription  clerk  in  the  store,  and 
had  a  number  of  prescriptions  on  hand  to  be  filled  immediately. 
The  deputy  sheriff  rejiorted  this  fact  back  to  the  court,  with 
Decker's  consequent  refusal  to  come,  and  the  court  ordered  an 
attachment  issued,  which  was  served  by  another  deputy.  Even 
then  Decker  refused  to  appear  until  he  had  finished  filling 
several  prescriptions  which,  as  he  pointed  out,  might  mean  life 
or  death  to  the  persons  for  whom  they  were  prepared,  and 
then  went  to  the  court  house  with  the  deputy. 

The  court  refused  to  accept  the  explanation  which  Decker 
gave,  on  the  ground  that  the  prescriptions  might  have  been 
taken  to  other  drug  stores,  and  fined  him  the  costs  of  the 
attachment.  Harry  J.  Sentker,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the 
store,  relieved  Decker  in  the  meantime,  and  the  latter  was 
therefore  free  to  answer  the  demands  of  the  court.  The  action 
of  the  court,  in  view  of  the  statutory  requirement  that  a 
licensed  pharmacist  be  kept  in  a  drug  store  at  all  hours,  has 
caused  considerable  discussion  among  local  druggists. 


DRUG  ADULTERATORS  RECEIVE  FINES. 


Products  Bearing  U .  S .  P.  Names  Fall  Below  Official 
Standards — Salicylate  Tablets  Not  Per  Label. 

Washixgtox,  .\ug.  20. — The  Department  of  Agriculture  has 
given  public  notice  of  judgments  28S0  to  2985,  imposed  by  the 
courts  in  cases  brought  by  the  United  States  involving  violation 
of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  most  of  them  relating  to  mis- 
branding or  aduheration. 

A  fine  of  $20  and  costs  was  imposed  upon  John  T.  Milliken, 
doing  business  as  John  T.  Milliken  &  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  for 
shipping  in  interstate  traffic  a  quantity  of  so-called  "Ammonium 
Salicylate  Compound  Tablets,"  which  were  adulterated  and 
misbranded.  The  tablets  were  labeled :  "500  compressed  tablets 
No.  23.  Ammonium  salicylate  comp.  Each  tablet  represents 
phenacetine  1  gr.  Salicine,  1^  grs.  Ammonium  salicylate  3  grs. 
Caffeine  yi  gr.  Dose,  1  to  2  tablets.  .  .  ."  Product  fell 
below  the  professed  standard  under  which  it  was  sold. 

A  fine  of  $10  and  costs  was  imposed  upon  the  Brunswig 
Drug  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  for  shipping  a  quantity  of  oil  of 
lavender  flowers  which  was  adulterated  and  misbranded.  Prod- 
uct was  labeled:  "Oil  of  Lavender  (Oil  Lavender  Flowers) 
.,"  but  differed  from  the  U.S. P.  standard.  The  real 
standard  of  strength,  quality  and  purity  of  product  was  not 
stated  on  the  bottle  in  which  it  was  offered  for  sale. 

George  J.  Fox,  trading  as  the  Carolina  Pine  Products  Co., 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  was  fined  $25  and  costs  for  shipping  in  inter- 
state traffic  a  quantity  of  turpentine,  which  was  adulterated  and 
misbranded.  Product  was  labeled  with  the  word  "turpentine," 
but  differed  from  the  U.S. P.  standard. 

A  fine  of  S25  was  imposed  upon  James  B.  Homer,  New 
York,  for  shipping  a  quantity  of  oil  of  juniper  berries  which 
was  adulterated.  Product  was  labeled:  "Oil  Juniper  Berries 
twice  rectified,  James  B.  Homer,  New  York."  Product  was 
made  and  sold  under  a  U.S. P.  title,  but  differed  from  the 
standard  laid  down  in  the  U.S. P. 

The  Brunswig  Drug  Co.,  of  Los  Angeles,  was  fined  SIO  and 
costs  for  shipping  a  quantity  of  oil  of  red  thyme  which  was 
adulterated  in  that  it  was  labeled  "Oil  of  Origanum  (Oil  of 
Thyme  Red)     .      .      .,"  but  differed  from  the  U.S. P.  standard. 

A  fine  of  $25  and  costs  was  imposed  upon  the  Ohio  Spice 
&  Extract  Co.,  Toledo,  Ohio,  which  shipped  a  quantity  of 
adulterated  and  misbranded  mace.  Product  was  labeled 
"Guthrie's  Best  Mace,"  but  consisted  wholly  or  in  part  of 
Bombay  or  false  mace,  which  had  been  substituted  for  the 
genuine  article. 

.\  fine  of  S2S  was  imposed  upon  Charles  J.  Heineman  and 
.\lbert  T.  Evans,  co-partners,  trading  as  the  Baltimore  Drug  Co., 
Baltimore,  Md.,  for  shipping  in  interstate  commerce  a  quantity 
of  spirits  of  niter  which  was  adulterated  and  misbranded. 
Product  was  labeled :  "Golden  Horse  Shoe  Brand. 
Trade  Mark  .  .  .  Spirit  Nitre  .Alcohol  92  per  cent.  Ethyl 
Nitrite  18  min.  Manufactured  for  The  Four  Co.,  Norfolk.  Va. 
..."  Adulteration  of  the  product  was  alleged  in  the  informa- 
tion for  the  reason  that  its  strength  fell  below  the  professed 
standard  under  %vhich  it  was  sold.  It  contained  but  9.1  minims 
of  ethyl  nitrite  per  fluid  ounce.  Statement  on  carton  false  and 
misleading.     Defendants  entered  pleas  of  guilty. 


September,  19M] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


443 


PATEMTS  AMP  TRAD, 


rUNNEL. 


THIS  funnel,  the  invention  of  Cuthbert  Gentle,  Dorchester, 
Mass.,   assignor  to  Thomas  H.  Bowdidge,   Boston,   Mass. 
(Patent  No.   1,104,354),   is  the  combination  with  a  iJuid 
container  of  a  spout   composed   of  a  short   inner   tube  section 

and  a  long  outer  tube  section 
rigidly  secured  together,  the 
upper  end  of  the  long  tube 
section  fitting  arotmd  and 
spaced  from  the  short  tube 
section  and  having  slots  ex- 
tending below  the  end  of  the 
inner  tube  section  which  is 
normally  closed  by  a  valve, 
said  valve  having  arms  extend- 
ing out  through  slots  in  the 
outer  tube  section  and  nor- 
mally spaced  below  the  end 
of  the  inner  tube  section,  the 
latter  serving  as  a  stop  to 
limit  the  upward  movement 
of  the  arms  for  opening  the 
valve.  Longitudinal  air  vents 
in  the  outer  tube  also  serve 
as  guides  for  the  arms  open- 
ing the  valve. 


of  light  emanating  from  the  lamps  are  retarded  by  the  liquid 
and  appear  in  rapid  succession  in  the  various  colors  of  the 
bulbs  and  in  the  various  colors  produced  by  the  blending  of  the 
bulb  colors. 


1,104,354. 


Illuminating   Device. 

George  T.  Fielding,  New  York,  N.Y.,  has  invented  an 
illuminating  device  (Patent  No.  1,105,414),  a  reproduction  of 
which  is  shown  in  the  accompanying  engraving.  It  consists  of 
a  vessel  of  diaphanous  material  filled  with  a  cloudy  liquid,  a 
series  of  lights  adapted  to  be  intermittently  burned  and  ar- 
ranged in  the  rear  of  the  vessel,  differently  colored  media 
between  the  lights  and  the  rear  of  the  vessel,  whereby  the 
refraction  of  the  rays  of  light  emanating  from  the  lights  is 
retarded  by  the  cloudy  particles  in  the  fluid,  and  the  said 
cloudy  fluid  appears  in  rapid  succession  in  the  various  colors 
produced    by   the   blending   of   the   colors   of   the   media.      The 


1,105,414 


liquid  in  the  vessel  is  rendered  cloudy  by  the  addition  of  a 
substance  tending  to  retard  the  refraction  of  light,  the  light 
being  produced  by  a  series  of  incandescent  electric  lamps 
having  differently  colored  bulbs  and  which  are  adapted  to  be 
intermittently  burned  to  produce  irregular  flashing.     The  rays 

■V  Copy  of  Patent  or  Trade-Mark  15c.  Trade-Marks  & 
Labels  Registered.  Advice  under  F.&  D.  Acts.  Send  for  Book. 
G.  H.  DAVIS,  918   F  St.,  N.W.,   Washington,   D.C.    (Adv.) 


Casing  for  Bottles  and  the  Like. 

This  invention,  devised  by  George  P.  Altenberg,  assignor  to- 
the  Icy-Hot  Bottle  Co.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio  (Patent  No.  1,106,- 
609),  is  a  combination  of  an  inner  fragile  container,  an  outer 
casing  having  a  central  threaded  wall  in  its  bottom,  a  cushion 
coacting  with  said  fragile  container  for  cushioning  the  same,  and 
a  shell  the  wall  whereof  has  inner  and  outer  threads,  the  cushion 
being  an  integral  body  of  elastic  material  coacting  with  said 
inner  threads  for  adjustably  positioning  the  cushion  in  the 
shell  toward  and  from  the  fragile  container,  the  outer  threads 
coacting  with  the  threaded  wall  to  position  the  shell  and  cushion 
toward  and  from  the  container.  The  bottoms  of  the  container 
and  the  lower  casing  are  separated  by  a  resilient  cushion, 
while  the  casing  members  in  assembled  relation  are  locked  by- 
means  of  an  outwardly  extending  spring-pressed  pin,  as  shown 
in  the  illustration. 


PATENTS. 


Granted   July    21,    1914. 

,104,149— Gustav  Spiess,  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  and  Adolf  Feldt, 
Oberursel,  Germany.  Auric  compounds  from  cantharidylethlene- 
diamin   and  process  of  making  same. 

,104.201— Frank   Lenzi,    Boston,   Mass.     Non-refillable   bottle. 

,104,285— Otto  K.  Zwingenberger,  assignor  to  Roessler  &  Hass- 
lacher  Chemical  Co.,  New  York,  N.Y.  Method  of  heating  and 
evaporating  liquids. 

,104,316— Arthur  Rosenthal,  assignor  to  Rose  Label  Machine  Com- 
pany, Grand  Rapids,  Mich.     Label  cutting  and  folding  machine. 

.104.354— Cuthbert  Gentle,  assignor  to  Thomas  H.  Bowdidge,  B«ston, 
Mass.     Funnel. 

,104,418— Theodore  A.  Gey,  Norristown,  Pa.     Bottle  stopper. 

,104,420— Joseph  H.  Gruver,  Baltimore,  Md.,  assignor  of  one-half  tt> 
Francis   Norris,   Jr.,    Raspeburg.  Md.     Non-refillable   bottle. 

.104,421— Same   as   above.     Non-refillable   bottle   stopper. 

,104.457— George  W.  Weber,  assignor  to  American  Can  Co.,  New- 
York,  N.-y.     Sifter  top  powder  can. 

,104,459— David  Weiss,   Cleveland,  Ohio.     Toothbrush. 

,104,57S— Nels  F.  Thompson,  Kansas  City,  Mo.     Bottle  closure. 

,104,590— Utley  Wedge,  Ardmore,  Pa.  Manufacture  of  sulphuric 
acid.  .  ,. 

104,594— Robert  W.  Wigg,  Middle  Brighton,  Victoria,  Australia. 
Non-refillable  bottle. 

,104,'03— Robert  F.  Alexander.  Kramer,  Ind.  Straining  device  for 
funnels. 

Granted   July   28,    1914. 

104,854— John  H.  Webster,  Carrickfergus,  Ireland.  Manufacture 
of  salt.  ,        ,  .        .  .     , 

104,897— Henry  Howard,  Boston,  Mass.  Process  of  making  bisul- 
phite of  soda. 

104,913— Peter  Loffler,  Vienna,  Austria-Hungary.  Process  for  the 
manufacture  of  sodium  bisulphate  in  a  directly  calcinable  form. 

104.972- David   Leon   Dover.    Seattle,   Wash.     Non-refillable   bottle. 

104.978— Edward  H.  French,  Dayton,  and  James  R.  Withrow, 
Columbus,  Ohio.     Process  of  producing  acetic  acid. 

104,994_Emil  Linderme,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Bottle  washing^ 
machine. 

105,195— Conrad  V.  Greenwood,  assignor  to  Alfred  S.  White,  Chi- 
cago,  111.     Manufacture  of  mucilage  or  gum. 

105,229— Gunther  P.  Wild,  assignor  to  the  Caloris  Co.,  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.     Closure. 

105,275— Raymond  E.   Ingalls,  Seattle,  Wash.     Hypodermic  syringe. 

105,275— Max  Jasper,  Berlin,  Gerpiany.  Safety  closure  for  con- 
tainers of  inflammable  liquids. 

105,304— Elliott  W.  Reed,  Savannah,  Ga.  Process  of  making 
calcium  acid  phosphate. 

105,378— Carl  Ruder,  Wandsbek,  Germany.  Process  for  producing 
a  mixture  of  camphene  and  isobornyl  acetate  from  pinene 
hydrochlorid. 

,105,387— Charles  L.  Weil,  assignor  to  Diamond  Crystal  Salt  Co., 
St.   Clair,  Mich.     Process   of  making  salt. 

105,414— George  T.  Fielding,  New  York,  N.Y.     Illuminating  device. 

Granted  August  4,   1914. 

,105,601— Paul  Altenfeld,  New  York,  N.Y.  Process  of  making  a. 
ferment. 

105,831— Friedrich  J.  Poths,   Hamburg,  Germany.     Bottle  closure. 

,105,838— Emanuel   L.    Richards,   Philadelphia,   Pa.     Tablet  machine. 

105,934— Ernest  J.  Stevens,  Philadelphia,  Pa.     Inhaler. 

,106.033— Otto  Eick,  Baltimore,  Md.  Apparatus  for  handling  bot- 
tles  or  other  containers. 

,106,034— Otto  Eick,  Baltimore,  Md.  Brush  for  cleaning  bottles  or 
other   containers. 


444 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[September,  lOl^- 


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-TTotiir-^-^im; 


/./O^.fZS'  /  /(JL12.Z 


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/^/as:^3r 


1,106.047 — Felix    Kaufier,   Bruckl,   Austria-Hungary, 
ducing   amyl    acetate   and   its   homologues. 


Method   of   pro- 


1.106,100— Fred  H.  Knapp,  Westminster, 
Blackstone,  Chicago,  111.,  assignors 
Westminster,    Md.      Labeling   machine, 

1,106.191— Harry    R.    Vrooks,    Philadelphia. 

1.106.222— Aron   Tohnson,   New  York,   N.Y. 

1,106.263— Robert    H.    Weathersby    and    Edward 
moth,    Ariz.      Non-refiUable    bottle, 


Md..     and     Clarence     W. 
to    Fred    H.     Knapp    Co., 


Pa.     Bottle. 
Bottle   capping   machine. 
E.    Putnam,    Mam- 


Granted  August   11,    1914. 

M.    Jenkins, 


Detroit, 


1,106,366 — Erik    C.    Clemmensen    and    Walter 
Mich.     Bottle  closure. 

1,106,505 — George  Fussell,  Chicago,  111.     Non-refillable  bottle  closure. 

1,106.578 — Spencer  B.  Newberry  and  Harvey  N.  Barrett,  Baybridge, 
Ohio.      Process   of  making   barium   hydrate. 

1,106,598— Charles  A.  Turner,  Mount  Carmel,  111.  Non-refillable 
bottle. 

1.106.6C9— George  P.  Altenberg,  assignor  to  the  Icy-Hot  Bottle  Co., 
Cincinnati,   Ohio.     Casing  for  bottles   and   the   like. 

1.106.616— Michael  J.    Bartol,   Dunlo,   Pa.     Non-refillable  bottle. 

1,106,707— Lee  F.  Hawley,  assignor  to  Arthur  D.  Little,  Inc.,  Bos- 
ton. Mass.     Process  of  refining  wood  alcohol. 

1,106,738 — Edgar  A.  Shontz,  Phillipsburg,  Pa.  Bottle  centering  at- 
tachment. 

1.106.S62— Ferdinand    W.    Beard,    Yountville,    Cal.      Bottle    opener. 

1,106,919 — Carl  Bosch,  assignor  to  Badische  Anilin  &  Soda  Fabrik, 
Ludwigshafen-on- the- Rhine,  Germany.  Producing  ammonium 
sulfate. 

1,106,925 — Lewis  D.  Castor,  Bingham  ton,  and  Andrew  Kiefer, 
Rochester,  N.Y.,  assignors  of  one-third  to  said  Kiefer  and  two- 
thirds  to  Eisler  Manufacturing  Co.,  Rochester,  N.Y.  Labeling 
machine. 

1.106,999— Utley   Wedge,  Ardmore,   Pa.     Sulphuric   acid   manufacture. 

1,107,019 — Erich  Baum  and  Martin  Mugdan,  assignors  to  Consortium 
fur  elektrochemische  Industrie  G.M.B.H.,  Nuremberg,  Ger- 
many.     Process    for   preparing   acetaldehyde. 


NEW   INCORPORATIONS. 


The  Economy  Co-operative  Drug  Stores,  San  Francisco,  incor- 
porated to  buy.  sell  and  manufacture  drugs,  novelties,  merchandise, 
etc.,  by  J.  M.  Casselman,  Wm.  Murphy,  V.  G.  Whetson,  W. 
Gnerick.   H.   Haman;  capital   stock,   $1000,   200  shares   at  $5  each. 

Hill  Drug  Co.,  Evanston,  111.,  incorporated  by  Robert  L.  Leffing- 
well,  William  T.  Hill  and  D.  C.  Duncan,  to  buy  and  sell  mer- 
chandise  as   a    retail    drug   store;    capital    stock,   $1000. 

The  C.  H.  Bangs  Druggists'  Fixture  Co.,  Boston,  had  its  com- 
mon stock  decreased  from  $84,500  to  $74,500  at  a  recent  meeting  of 
the  stockholders  held   at   Portland,  Me. 

Virus  Limited,  Inc.,  New  York  City,  incorporated  by  W.  Harris, 
F.  Bambara,  Jamaica,  and  A.  B.  Casner,  Brooklyn,  to  manufacture 
and  deal   in  drugs;  capital,  $250,000. 

Rumo  Chemical  Co.,  New  York,  incorporated  bv  A.  Jacobson 
Jersey  City;  W.  Jacobson,  Summit,  N.  J.,  and  P.  Elert,  Hoboken, 
N.  J.,  for  the  manufacture  of  drugs,  chemicals,  etc.;  capital,  $100,000. 

Cassell  Medicine  Co.,  Arcadia,  Fla.,  incorporated  by  J.  A.  Hen 
dry,  president;  T.  A.  Cassell,  vice-president;  J.  G.  King,  secretary 
treasurer;  has  a  plant  having  daily  capacity  of  500  bottles,  it  is 
reported,   and  plans  increasing  output;  capital   stock,  $10,000. 

Mitchell  Medicine  Company,  Alexandria,  La.,  was  incorporated 
with   $200,000   capital    stock   to   manufacture    medicine. 


Long  Drug  Co.,  Columbus,  Ohio,  drug  store,  $5000;  incorporated 
by  W.   L.   Long.  A.  Y.   Long,  H.   H.  Long  and  G.   L.   Rang. 

Federal  Serum  and  Chemical  Co..  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  $125,000; 
incorporated  by  M.  B.  Wilson,  B.  B.  Cohen  and  A.  C.  Burrell, 
to   manufacture   and  sell   serums,   etc. 

Indu  Kosmetic  Co.,  Chicago;  capital  stock,  $2500;  by  W.  N. 
Marshall,  M.  B.  Wahl  and  Edwin  Price,  to  manufacture,  purchase 
and   sell    toilet   articles,   etc. 

The  Foster  Drug  Co.,  a  new  Delaware  corporation  to  manufacture 
and  sell  medicines,  deal  in  drugs  of  all  kinds,  has  been  in- 
corporated by  C.  H.  Foster,  F.  F.  Sprout,  F.  L.  Martin,  Scranton, 
Pa.,  with  a  capital  of  $25,000. 

The  Everene  Medical  Co.,  Tulsa,  Kan.;  capital  stock,  $1000;  in- 
corporated by  P.  A.  Mangum,  Tulsa;  Drew  Beame,  E.  A.  Stubble, 
Bartlesville;  capital   stock,  $1000. 

The  Thermopolis  pharmacy,  Thermopolis,  Wyo.,  has  incorporated 
with  a  capital  stock  of  $10,000  to  conduct  a  modern  drug  store  in 
the  Richards  block.  Fred  C.  Businger  is  to  be  in  charge.  The 
incorporators  and  directors  are  F.  A.  Dean,  Casper;  Jay  Smith, 
Glenrock,  and    Fred   C.    Businger,   Thermopolis. 

Stanton  Drug  Co.,  Stanton,  Mercer  county,  N.D.,  has  been  in- 
corporated by  S.  A.  Sjoblom,  Stanton;  Burt  Finney  and  Henry 
Halverson,  ol   Bismarck,  N.D. ;   capital  stock,  $25,000. 

The  Commerce  Drug  Co.,  Commerce,  Hunt  county,  Texas;  capital 
stock,  $7000;  incorporators,  J,  T.  Vaughan,  R.  A.  Bagwell,  J.  E. 
Boswell. 

The  Watson  Driig  Co.,  Spokane,  Wash.;  capital,  $10,000;  incor- 
porated by  G.    E.   Hunt  and  F.   O.    Rose. 

The  Wakefield  Medicine  Co.,  Bloomington,  111.,  heretofore  con- 
ducted as  a  partnership,  has  been  incorporated  by  L.  O.  Eddy, 
Max  Eddy,  Mrs.  H.  N.  Woods.  Mrs.  H.  W.  Brady,  and  Mrs.  A.  C. 
Eddy;  capital  stock,  $50,000.  Incorporation  was  decided  upon  fol- 
lowing the  purchase  of  the  charter  of  the  Vaco  Company. 

Fiz-a-Lax  Remedy  Company,  Chicago;  capital,  $500;  incorporated 
by  Abraham  Privat;  I.  M.  Lauder  and  Adolph  V.  Pavlicek,  to 
manufacture  and  deal  in  drugs. 

Ligon's  drug  store.  Spartanburg,  S.C.;  capital  stock,  $5000;  in- 
corporated by  H.  A.  Ligon,  J.  T.  Temple,  L.  B.  Crosby  and  J.  McD. 
Kennedy. 

Pardoe-Selover  Drug  Co.,  Minneapolis;  capital  stock,  $20,000; 
incorporated  by  Charles  M.  Pardee,  George  W.  Selover,  Flora  E. 
Pardee,   Elizabeth   B.    Selover,   all   of  Minneapolis. 

The  Henry  Lindholm  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  drug  stores;  capital 
stock,  $25,000;  incorporated  by  H.  L.  Lindholm,  Georgia  Lindholm, 
H.    Cooper,  Adele   Cooper   and   L.    B.    Robinson. 

The  Lowry  Medicine  Co.,  Cambridge,  Ohio,  incorporated  to  manu- 
facture medicines  and  chemicals,  bv  O.  F.  Lowrv,  I.  H.  Chambers, 
C.  M.  Johnson,  H.  S.  Lowry  and  W.  J.  Hood;  ca'pital  stock,  $10,000. 

The  Schuemann-Jones  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  has  been  incorporated 
for  the  purpose  of  doing  a  drug  business.  The  capitalization  is 
$25,600.  The  incorporators  are  C.  K.  Arter,  B.  H.  Davis,  E.  W. 
Williams,  M.  A.  Clancy  and  D.  M.  Yarger. 

Carman-Toot  Sterile  Co.,  Cleveland.  Ohio,  recently  organized 
with  a  capital  stock  of  $10,000  and  will  handle  a  full  line  of 
physicians'  and  surgeons'  supplies.  Incorporators  are  E.  S.  Car- 
man, George  Toot.  Estaine  M.  DePeltquestangue,  Blanche  Gelhart 
and   G.    M.    Kinleyside. 

Atlantic  Chemical  Co..  Boston,  incorporated  with  a  capital  stock 
of  $50,000.  by  Henry  M.  Carruthers,  James  S.  Whitelock  and 
Thomas  M.  W'hitney. 

The  Somore  Gum  and  Sweets  Co.,  Waltham,  Mass.,  incorporated 
by  E.  Rae  Pearce,  Charles  W.  Mcintosh  and  Frank  A.  Farwell. 
Company  will  engage  in  manufacture  of  chewing  gum.  Capital, 
$25,000. 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


4-t.> 


THE  DRUG  MARKET 


RECORD  PRICES   FOR   IMPORTED   DRUGS. 


A — Acid. 
A— Acid, 
A— Acid, 


A — Acoin,   15  gr. 
A — Aconite  Root, 


War   Creates   Uncertainty   and    Many   Manufacturers 

Withdraw   Quotations — Some   of  the   Spectacular 

Details. 

See  pages  27  to  41   for  Prices  Current, 

Ch.\nges  SnsrcE  L.\si  Report. 

A — .■\cacia,  1st  Select  Powdered lb. 

Fine  granulated  1st lb. 

Sorts lb. 

Sorts,  Sifted  lb. 

A — .-Vcid,  Carbolic,  Crystal,  bulk lb. 

Crude,  10-95  per  cent... gal. 

A — .\cid,   Citric,  kegs lb. 

Less  lb. 

Oxalic  lb. 

Picric    lb. 

Salicylic,   1-Ib.  cartons lb. 

Bulk' lb. 

A — .'\cid.  Tannic,  Pharm,,  1-lb.  cartons lb. 

Medicinal    lb. 

vial ea. 

English lb. 

Powdered lb. 

German    lb. 

Powdered   lb. 

A— Althea  Root,   Cut lb. 

A — Ammonium  Bromide,   1-lb.  bottles lb. 

A — Ammonium  Iodide    lb. 

A — Ammonium   Muriate    lb. 

C.P.   Granulated.. lb. 

Powdered  lb. 

A — .\nise   Seed,   Italian lb. 

A^ — -Annatto  Seed  lb. 

A — .'\rnica   Flowers   lb. 

Powdered   lb. 

A — Arrowroot,  Taylor's,  bo.xes,   12-lb lb. 

A — Arsenic  Iodide oz. 

A— Asaf etida.  Good,  Fair lb. 

Powdered lb. 

A — Barium  Chloride,  1-lb.  bottles lb. 

A — Belladonna  Leaves,  German,  1-Ib.  tots.. lb. 

Root,  German  lb. 

Powdered  ....  lb. 

A — Buchu  Leaves,   Long lb. 

Powdered  lb. 

Short   lb. 

Powdered lb. 

A— Caffeine,  Pure  (oz.  .50) lb. 

A — Caffeine  Benzoate  oz. 

A — Caffeine  Bromide  oz. 

A — Caffeine  Citrated  lb. 

A — Caffeine  Hypophosphite   (true  salt)....oz. 

A — Caffeine  Valerate    oz. 

A — Calamus,  White,  peeled  and  split lb. 

A — Calcium  Bromide lb. 

A — Calcium  Iodide   lb. 

A — Calendula  Flowers   lb. 

A— Camphor,  Refined  (bbls.  .52) lb. 

J4-lb.  squares  ( bbls.  .53 ) .  lb. 
Powdered,  lb. 

Japaneses,  ozs lb. 

A — Canary  Seed,   Sicily lb. 

Smyrna   lb. 


.55 

— 

.60 

.55 

— 

.60 

.19 



.22 

.20 



.24 

.38 

— 

.50 

.30 

— 

1.00 

.75 



1.25 

.25 

— 

.30 

.85 

__ 

1.00 

.60 



.65 

.55 

— 

.60 

.75 

— 

1.20 

.55 

— 

.60 

— 

.40 

— 

1.00 

, — 

1,15 

.25 

— 

,28 

.30 

— 

.33 

.40 

. — 

.45 

.65 

— 

.70 

5.40 

— 

5.60 

.12 

— 

.20 

.22 

, — 

.24 

.22 

— 

.24 

.18 

— 

.22 

.15 

— 

.20 

.30 

— . 

.35 

.36 

— 

.40 

.33 

— 

.36 

.50 

— 

.55 

.70 

. — 

.90 

1.10 

— 

1.20 

.25 

— 

.30 

1.10 

— 

1.15 

.30 

— 

.35 

.40 

— 

.45 

1.75 

— 

1.85 

1.85 

— 

1.95 

1.85 

— 

1,95 

1.95 

— 

2,05 

5.00 

— 

5.40 

.45 

— 

.50 

.50 

— 

.55 

3.25 

. — 

3.50 

.55 

— 

.60 

.60 

— 

.67 

.40 

— 

.65 

,85 

— 

.95 

5.50 

— 

5.75 

1,10 

— 

1.15 

.55 

— 

.62 

.56 

— 

.58 

— 

,65 

.52 

— 

,57 

.12 



.14 

.12 

— 

,14 

DAILY    PRICE    CHANGES 

The  European  war  has  thrown  the  Drug  and  Chemical 
Market  into  the  utmost  confusion  and  wise  Druggists  are 
keeping  posted  on  Daily  changes  by  reading  the  Drug  and 
Chemical  Department  of  the  New  York  Commercial.  It  tells 
you  definitely  Daily  just  what  changes  occur  and  forecasts 
probable  future  fluctuations.  A  trial  subscriptioii  will  con- 
vince you  of  its  value.  Price  three  months  $2.00,  one 
year  $6.00. 
NEW   YORK  COMMERCIAL,   20  Vesey  Street,   New  York. 

P,S, — We    quote    daily    first-hand    prices. 


A— Cannabis  Indica,  Herb lb.  2.00     ■ 

.'\— Cantharides,  Russian,   Sifted lb.  4.00     • 

A— Caraway    lb,  18     ■ 

Powdered  lb,  -p    ■ 

A — Cardamom,  Decorticated   lb,  l-'O 

Powdered   lb,  1.70 

A — Cassia,  China lb.  -20 

Powdered lb.  -24 

.A— Celery  Seed    lb.  .44 

A — Chamomile  Flowers,  Hungarian lb,  ,35 

Roman  or  Belgian . .  lb.  .35 

.\— Chloral  Hydrate,  Crystals lb.  ,65 

.\— Chloroform lb,  -27 

A— Cloves lb-  -25 

A— Cocaine  Alkaloid,  ^s-oz.  vials oz.  6,00 

Hydrochloride,  Crystals,  1-oz,  v.oz.  5.00 

5^-oz.  vials oz.  5.20 

A — Coca  Leaves  lb-  ■'^^ 

A— Codeine  oz-  "25 

Phosphate    oz.  6.75 

Sulphate    oz.  7,00 

.\— Colchicum  Seed  lb.  -56 

Powdered  lb,  60 

A— Coriander  Seed   'b.  ,10 

A — Coumarin   o^-  -^^ 

A— Cream  Tartar,   Powder lb.  .34 

A— Cubeb  Berries,   Sifted lb,  .65 

Powdered   lb,  75 

A— Cudbear    lb-  -30 

A— Cumin  Seed   lb.  -20 

D — Damiana  Leaves  lb-  -25 

.-\— Dandelion  Root   •  •  •  -lb-  -30 

Cut lb.  .32 

.\— De-xtrine,   Yellow    lb,  ,10 

A — Digitalis  Leaves,  German lb,  .3^ 

Powdered  ...lb,  .40 

Pressed,  ozs.  .lb,  ,40 

A— Dog  Grass,  Cut  lb.  .20 

A— Dover's  Powder   lb.  1-90 

.\-Ergot    lb-  2,00 

Powdered  lb.  2.20 

.'V— Fennel  Seed 'b.  .22 

D— Gelsemium  Root  lb,  -25 

Powdered   lb,  .30 

A— Gentian  Root  lb.  -15 

Powdered   lb,  .20 

A— Glycerin  'b-  -27 

D— Golden  Seal  Root lb,  iOO 

Powdered lb.  5.20 

.\— Guarana  (PauUinia)    lb.  4.25 

Powdered   lb.  4.50 

.\— Hemol   oz.  .90 

.\— Hemp  Seed lb.  .08 

A — Henbane  Leaves,  German lb.  .26 

Powdered   . .  .lb.  .33 

.\— Homatropin,   Alkaloid    gr,  -22 

A— Hops,  Select  (1913) lb.  A^ 

Pressed,  %  and  >1-Ib,  packages. .  .lb.  .40 

A — Hydrogen  Peroxide,  Sol,  Medicinal lb. 

A — Indigo,  Bengal,  True lb, 

Manila   lb- 

A— Iodine,  Resublimed  lb,  4.50 

A— Iodoform,   Crystal  and  Powdered lb,  5,30 

.•\— Ipecac,  Rio 'b,  2,45 

Powdered   lb.  2.60 

A— Irish  Moss,  Bleached lb.  .16 

A— Iron  Sulphate  (Copperas) per  100  lbs.  1.23 

A— Isinglass,  Russian  lb-  4.00 

A — Jaborandi  Leaves   lb.  -25 

Powdered  lb.  .30 

A— Jalap  Root,   Selected lb.  .20 

Powdered   lb.  .28 

A—  Juniper  Berries   'b.  .20 

A—Lime,   Chlorinated,   bulk lb.  .05 


2.20 
5,00> 
.22 
.27 
1.90 
1.90 
.24 
.28. 
.47 
.40- 
.40 
.75 
.47 
.40' 
6.25- 
5.25 
5.45 
.5S 
7.50- 
7,00- 
7,25 
.60' 
.64 
.15 
.60- 
.36 
.70- 
.80' 
.35 
.24 
.28. 
.35 
.37 
.1? 
.40' 
.45 
.45 
.25 
2.00' 
2.25 
2.45 
.26 
.28 
.35 
.IS 
.23 
.30 
5.25 
5.45 
4.50 
4.75 
1.00 
.09 
,32 
,40 
,28 
,50 
.45 


5.0O 

5.50 

2.75 

2.90 

,20 

1,40 

5,00 

,30 

.40 

.26 

.32 

.25 

.07 


446 


THE   PHARilACEUTICAL   ERA 


[September,  1914 


D — Lovage  Root,  Select lb.  1.00  - 

A — Lycopodium    lb.  .85  - 

D— ^iace,  Whole  lb.  .85  - 

Powdered  lb.  .70  - 

A — ^Maiina,  Flake,  Large lb.  .90  - 

Small lb.  .60  - 

A — Matico  Leaves  lb.  .35  - 

A— Menthol,  Cr>'stals  (oz.  .40-.50) lb.  4.50  - 

A— Mercury-    lb.  1.00  - 

A — Mercury  Bichloride  (cor.  sub.) lb.  .85  - 

Powdered . .  lb.  .85  - 

A — ^Millet  Seed,  American lb.  .08  - 

German lb. 

A— Musk  Root  lb.  .40  - 

Powdered  lb.  .45  - 

A— Mustard  Seed,  White lb.  .12  - 

A— Nutgalls lb.  .36  - 

Powdered  lb  .40  - 

A— Oil  .\lniond.  Sweet,  Pure lb.  1.10  - 

A— Oil  .\niseed,  Star lb.  2.25  - 

A— Oil  Bergamot  lb.  6.60  - 

A— Oil  Cade  lb.  .30  - 

A — Oil  Cajuput   lb.  1.00  - 

A — Oil  Cinnamon   oz.  1.00  - 

A— Oil  Citronella  lb  .75  - 

A— Oil  Cloves lb.  2.00  - 

A — Cod  Liver  Oil,  Norwegian gal.  1.00  - 

Barrels  ea.  26.00  - 

Yz  barrels  ...ea.  15.00  - 

A — Oil  Copaiba   lb.  1.80  - 

D — Oil  Erigero^,  True   lb.  1.55  - 

A — Fennel  Seed,,  Pure lb.  2.25  - 

A — Oil  Haarlem,  Dutch   gross  3.00  - 

D — Oil  Juniper  Berries  lb.  1.20  - 

A — Oil  Lavender  Flowers   lb.  4.50  - 

A — Oil  Lemon lb.  4,00  - 

A — Oil  Lemongrass lb.  2.50  - 

A — Oil  Mustard,  Expressed   gal.  .90  - 

A— Oil  Xeatsfoot  gal.  .75  - 

A — Oil  Sweet  Orange  lb.  4.40  - 

A— Oil  Peppermint,  N.  Y lb.  3.75  - 

D— Oil  Pimenta  lb.  3.00  - 

A — Oil  Rap^seed   gal.  1.00  - 

A— Oil  Rose,  Kissanlik  oz.  13.00  - 

D— Oil  Spearmint   lb.  3.00  - 

A — Oil  Wintergreen,   Synthetic    lb.  .70  - 

A — Ointment,  Mercurial,  ^  mercury lb.  .65  - 

%  mercury lb.  .55  - 

A — Opium  (Natural)   lb.  9.10  - 

Granulated  lb.  10.50  - 

U.S. P.  Powdered   lb.  10.40  - 

A — Orris,  Florentine  lb.  .30  - 

D — Paris  Green  lb.  .18  - 

A — Peppermint  Herb,  German lb.  .60  - 

A— Pink  Root lb.  .70  - 

D— Pleurisy  Root lb.  .26  - 

Powdered  lb.  .32  - 

A— Poppy  Seed,  Blue  (Maw  Seed) lb.  .18  - 

White   lb.  .18  - 

A — Potassium  Bitartrate  (Cream  Tartar)... lb.  .34  - 

A — Potassium  Bromide  lb.  .60  - 

A — Potassium  Carbonate  (Pearl  Ash) lb.  .12  - 

A — Potassium  Carbonate  Refd(Sal  Tartar). lb.  .18  - 

A — Potassium  Iodide lb.  3.00  - 

A — Potassium  Permanganate  lb.  .50  - 

A — Potassium  Prussiate,  Red lb.  .60  - 

Yellow    lb.  .28  - 

D— Prickly  Ash  Bark lb.  .25  - 

Powdered  lb.  .32  - 

Berries    lb.  .45  - 

A — Quinine  Sulphate,  100-oz.  tins oz.  .31  - 

5-oz.  tins oz.  .33  - 

1-oz.  vials oz.  .36  - 

A — ^Rhubarb,   Canton    lb.  .70  - 

Clippings   lb.  .50  - 

Powdered  lb.  .60  - 

A— Rochelle  Salt  lb.  .22}^- 

A — Rose  Leaves,  Pale lb.  1.00  - 

Red lb.  2.60  - 

A — Rubidium  Bromide oz. 

Iodide  oz. 


1.10 

.90 

.90 

.76 

1.00 

.70 

.40 

4.75 

1.25 

1.00 

1.00 

.10 

.45 

.50 

.15 

.40 

.44 

1.20 

2.30 

7.20 

.36 

1.10 

1.25 

1.70 

2.15 

1.25 

28.00 

16.00 

1.90 

1.65 

2.40 

4.00 

1.90 

4.75 

4.25 

2.75 

1.00 

1.05 

4.60 

4.25 

3.15 

1.10 

14.00 

3.25 

.80 

.70 

.60 

9.20 

11.00 

10.90 

.36 

.22 

.65 

.75 

.30 

.38 

.22 

.25 

.36 

.65 

.16 

.22 

3.25 

.60 

.65 

.32 

.30 

.37 

.50 

.32 

.36 

.38 

.80 

.60 

.90 

.24 

1.15 

2.70 

1.75 

1.75 


.\ — Saffron,  Spanish  (True  Valencia) lb.  16.00 

D— Safrol    lb.  .45 

A— Salol lb.  1.20 

.\ — Sarsaparilla  Root,  Honduras,  Cut lb.  .75 

A— Seidi;tz  Mixture lb.  .18 

.■V— Senna  Leaves,  Alexandria lb.  .35 

Tinnevelly,  Select lb.  .18 

A — Soap,  Castile,  Green box  5.25 

White,    Conti's    box  6.00 

A— Soap  Tree  Bark,  Whole lb.  .16 

Cut    lb.  .18 

Powdered  lb.  .22 

A — Sodium  Benzoate lb.  .45 

A — Sodium  Bromide   lb.  .67 

A — Sodium  Citrate   •  ■  •  •  ■ 'b-  -"5 

A — Sodium  Salicvlate   lb.  .65 

A— Squill  Root  .'. lb.  .15 

A — Stramonium  Leaves   lb.  .35 

Powdered  lb.  .45 

Pressed  lb.  .45 

A — Strontium  Nitrate,  Dry lb.  .27 

A — Strophanthus  Seed,  Brown lb.  .50 

A— Thymol    lb.  7.00 

.A.— Thymol  Iodide,  U.S.P lb.  7.00 

A — Tragacanth,  Aleppo,  Extra lb.  2.30 

No.  1    lb.  2.25 

Powdered lb.  2.10 

A— Uva  Ursi lb.  .10 

A — Valerian  Root,  German lb.  .30 

Powdered lb.  .35 

A — Vanillin  oz.  .50 

A — Witch  Hazel  Leaves,  Pressed lb.  .24 

NOTE — A,   advanced;   D,   declined;   C,   correction; 


—  17.00 

—  .50 

—  1.30 

—  .80 

—  .22 

—  .60 

—  .30 

—  6.00 

—  7.00 

—  .20 

—  .22 

—  .25 

—  .50 

—  .72 

—  .85 

—  .70 

—  .18 

—  .40 

—  .50 

—  .50 

—  .33 

—  .80 

—  10.00 

—  9.00 

—  2.60 

—  2.50 

—  2.20 

—  .12 

—  .35 

—  .40 

—  .60 

—  .27 
N,  new. 


NEW  YORK,  .\ug.  23.— Never  m  the  history  of  the  drug 
trade  has  so  much  uncertainty  prevailed  in  this  market 
as  has   been   the   case   since   the   beginning   of   the   great 
European  contest  now  under  way.     The  record  of  the  last  two 
weeks  has  been  one  of  changes,  prices  not  infrequently  advanc- 
ing several  limes  a  day.    As  a  general  proposition,   quotations 
for  drugs  and  chemicals  of  foreign  origin  are  merely  nominal, 
with   no   definite   basis   to   work   upon.      In   the   above   list   an 
endeavor  has  been  made  to  get  the  latest  market  changes  up  to 
this  date,  but  in  many  instances  these  are  far  from  satisfactory 
on   account   of   the   entire   absence   of   trustworthy   information. 
The   situation   is   further   accentuated   by  the   fact   that   many 
manufacturers  and  jobbers  have  withdrawn  all  price  lists  and 
are  refusing  to  give  out  quotations.     So  far  as  they  are  able, 
however,    they    are    attempting   to   supply   a   somewhat    limited 
demand  at  prices  which  are  made  at  the  time  of  sale  only. 
Subscribers   in   referring   to   the    ERA'S   price 
changes  should   take   into   consideration  the  un- 
certainty now  prevailing  and  that  no  guaranty 
can   be   given   that   these   quotations   ■will   repre- 
sent the  prevailing  prices  that  may  obtain  on  the 
day  this  paper  reaches  them  through  the  mails. 
So  completely  and  radically  has  the  entire  struc- 
ture of  the  market  changed  that  it  is  impossible 
to  forecast  the  probable  prevailing  quotations  for 
a  longer  period  than  from  day  to  day. 

As  will  be  noted,  the  declines  reported  are  emphasized  by 
their  fewness  in  number,  damiana,  gelsemium  root,  golden  seal, 
lovage  root,  oils  of  erigeron,  juniper  berries,  pimenta  and  spear- 
mint; Paris  green,  pleurisy  root,  prickly  ash  bark  and  berries, 
all  being  quotably  lower.  Among  the  most  striking  advances  in 
price  are  those  for  iodine  and  the  iodides,  various  herbs  or 
botanical  drugs  of  German  origin,  as  digitalis,  belladonna, 
celery  seed,  gentian  root,  henbane  leaves,  hops,  etc. ;  lycopodium, 
musk  root,  and  the  various  essential  oils  from  France,  Italy  and 
the  Balkans.  Such  staples  as  opium,  quinine,  carbolic  acid,  citric 
acid,  caffeine,  camphor,  chloral  hydrate,  chloroform,  codeine, 
morphine,  quicksilver,  cod  liver  oil  and  the  various  potassium 
salts  and  combinations  have  all  experienced  advancing  fluctua- 
tions and  the  end  is  not  yet,  jobbers  and  brokers  in  many 
instances  refusing  to  quote  flat  prices.  In  many  places  stocks 
are  abnormally  low,  from  the  fact  that  trade  conditions  for 
the  past  six  months  have  been  so  unsettled  dealers  and  brokers 
have  hesitated  to  keep  on  hand  even  the  small  normal  supply. 
As  a   result   many   drug  and   chemical  houses  are   conserving 


September,  1914] 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL   ERA 


447 


what  supplies  tliey  have  and  are  endeavoring  to  make  these 
meet  immediate  demands. 

Opium — Stii-ring  developments  have  characterized  the  position 
of  this  staple  abroad  and  prices  have  been  advanced  to  $9.10@ 
$9.20  per  pound  for  natural;  $10.50(g$11.00  for  granulated, 
and  $10.40@S10.90  for  U.S. P.  powdered,  with  case  lots  being 
no  longer  offered  in  this  market.  Just  %vhat  the  future  will 
develop,  is  problematical,  owing  to  the  practical  elimination  of 
all  communication  between  the  primary  producing  centers  and 
consuming  countries.  According  to  the  Bureau  of  Statistics, 
there  was  imported  into  this  country  455,200  pounds  of  opium, 
valued  at  $1,810,429  for  the  12  months  ending  June  30,  1914, 
against  508,433  pounds,  valued  at  $2,565,965  for  the  correspond- 
ing period  in  the  preceding  year.  Advices  from  abroad  indicate 
that  about  80  per  cent,  of  the  present  crop  is  already  harvested. 

Codeine — In  sympathy  with  opium  and  the  contributing  un- 
certainty induced  by  hostilities  abroad,  this  article  occupies  a 
strong  position,  and  has  been  advanced  to  $7.25@$7.50  per 
ounce  for  alkaloid,  the  various  salts  being  quoted  as  follows: 
Phosphate,  $6.75@?7.50;  sulphate,  $7@$7.25  per  ounce. 

QtnNDiE — Has  been  advanced  5  cents  per  ounce  and  is  now 
quoted  at  31c.@32c.  per  ounce  in  100-ounce  tins.  There  is  a 
firm  demand,  and  this,  together  with  the  embargo  on  shipments 
and  the  probable  heavy  demands  for  use  by  the  armies  in  the 
field  and  camp,  tends  to  strengthen  the  belief  that  higher  prices 
will  soon  be  realized. 

Carbolic  Acid — This  was  one  of  the  first  articles  to  ex- 
perience an  advance  in  price  on  the  declaration  of  hostilities, 
and  already  quotations  have  been  withdrawn  by  manufacturers 
who  are  unable  to  ascertain  the  possibility  of  getting  supplies 
from  Germany,  the  principal  country  of  production.  The  quo- 
tations reported  are  given  with  some  reserve,  38c.@50c.  per 
pound  for  crystal  in  bulk  being  asked,  with  30c.@$l  per  gallon 
for  crude   (10  to  95  per  cent.). 

Acid,  Citric — Prices  have  mounted  steadily  upward,  and 
jobbers  have  some  hesitation  in  giving  quotations  for  keg  lots. 
Small  lots  are  quoted  at  75c.@$1.25  per  pound.  Verj'  little 
acid  is  for  sale  at  any  price. 

Mexthol — Is  firmer  on  account  of  foreign  developments  and 
also  because  of  increase  in  demand,  jobbers  quoting  S4.50@$4.75 
per  pound.  The  declaration  of  war  against  Germany  by  Japan 
also  tends  to  cause  further  advances,  menthol  being  a  leading 
article  of  export  from  the  Island  Empire.  The  exports  of 
menthol  to  the  U.S.  from  Japan  for  the  five  months  ending 
May  of  this  year  was  52,432  kin,  about  one-fourth  of  the  total 
exportation  of  that  country. 

Thyjioi. — Because  of  a  deficiency  in  crude  material  with  a 
corresponding  increased  demand,  and  the  further  influence  of 
the  war,  this  article  has  furnished  one  of  the  spectacular  fea- 
tures among  the  advances,  jobbers  quoting  at  this  writing  $7@ 
§10  per  pound.  This  represents  a  wide  range,  but  the  figures 
given  are  about  as  logical  as  any  that  can  be  advanced. 

Acid,  Oxalic — Stocks  on  hand  are  light  and  the  market 
feverish,  all  grades  showing  the  effect  of  the  demand  for  war 
purposes,  jobbers  quoting  with  some  reserve  25c.@30c.  per 
pound  for  small  quantities. 

Cantharides — Russian,  as  might  be  expected,  are  very  scarce 
and  jobbers  ask  $4@$5  per  pound  for  sifted. 

GiYCERix — The  use  of  this  article  in  the  manufacture  of 
explosives  has  made  enormous  inroads  upon  the  visible  supplies, 
this  country  being  dependent  upon  foreign  sources  for  about  60 
per  cent,  of  that  consumed  here.  The  nominal  price  asked  is 
about  27c.@30c.  per  pound.  The  leading  local  refiners  have 
announced  their  withdrawal  from  the  market. 

Seidlitz  Mixture — Following  the  advance  for  Rochelle  salt, 
dealers  have  marked  up  their  quotations  to  18c.@22c.  per 
pound. 

Rochelle  Salt — Has  been  advanced  to  2254c.@24c.  per 
pound. 

Ergot — Prices  have  been  advancing  daily  and  the  market  is 
■very  tmsettled,  Russian  being  reported  to  be  below  quality  and 
the  crop  very  small  this  year,  and  this  condition,  coupled  with 
the  Russian  entrance  into  the  Continental  war,  has  developed 
very  uncertain  prospects.  Spairish  ergot  is  in  better  supply, 
but  it,  too,  is  subject  to  the  precarious  state  of  international 
shipping.  It  is  impossible  to  note  all  the  changes,  but  jobbers 
give  $2@$2.25  as  about  the  logical  figures  for  whole,  and  ?2.20 
@$2.25   for  powdered. 

Potassium  Salts — Permanganate  has  scored  the  sharpest  ad- 
■vance,  50c.@60c.  per  pound  being  reported  as  the  ruling  quota- 


tion for  small  lots.  Other  salts  which  have  advanced  are  the 
following;  Bitartrate  (cream  of  tartar),  34c.@36c.  per  pound; 
bromide,  60c.@6Sc. ;  carbonate  (pearl  ash),  12c.@16c. ;  carbo- 
nate (refined,  sal  tartar),  18c.@22c.;  red  prussiate,  60c.@65c.; 
yellow  prussiate,  28c.@32c.  per  pound. 

CouiiARix — This  article  has  been  advancing  and  is  tenta- 
tively quoted  at  55c.@60c.  an  ounce.  It  is  extensively  used  as  a 
base  for  many  perfumery  lines,  and  sympathetic  advances  have 
developed  in  the  quotations  in  many  toilet  preparations. 

Buyers  of  dnigs  and  chemicals  are  again 
cautioned  that  all  quotations  are  strictly  nominal, 
owing  to  the  unsettled  condition  of  the  market, 
and  that  the  figures  above  given  represent  the 
last  jobbing  price  obtainable  or  the  last  offering 
price  available. 


Must  Denature  Shipments  of  Spoiled  Food  Products. 

Washington,  D.  C,  Aug.  20. — The  U.S.  Department  of 
Agriculture  has  issued  a  ruling  which  hereafter  will  require 
any  sfioiled  food  to  be  denatured  before  it  can  be  shipped  into 
interstate  commerce. 

This  will  permit  the  shipment  of  spoiled  eggs  for  use  in 
tanning,  and  other  spoiled  substances  for  the  making  of  fer- 
tilizer, or  oils  or  greases  used  in  machinery,  but  will  require 
them  to  be  treated  with  salt,  kerosene  oil,  or  coloring  matter 
or  in  other  ways  so  that  they  cannot  possibly  be  used  for  food. 
The  denaturing  substances  to  be  required  will  not  interfere 
with  the  use  of  the  filthy,  decomposed  or  putrid  animal  or 
vegetable  substances  in  the  manufacture  of  i.onedible  products 
for  use  in  the  technical  arts,  but  will  be  of  a  nature  that  will 
absolutely  prevent  the  converting  of  the  substances  into  products 
that  could  by  any  chance,  be  eaten.  This  is  on  the  analogy 
of  the  denaturing  of  grain  alcohol  for  use  in  the  arts. 


The  Daniel  Stewart  Drug  Co.,  Indianapolis,  wholesale 
druggists,  have  bought  at  public  auction  the  retail  drug  store  of 
J.  H.  Smith  at  Columbus,  Ind.  The  store  recently  was  turned 
over  to  the  creditois  to  be  sold  for  their  benefit.  The  store 
was  established  60  years  ago  and  was  one  of  the  oldest  in  the 
State. 


Makes  Fight  for  Drug  Stock J.  B.  Bailey,  of  Okla- 
homa City,  is  contesting  the  seizure  of  a  stock  of  drugs,  valued 
at  $1800,  now  in  the  hands  of  the  sheriff,  following  a  raid  on 
the  drug  store  at  212  West  Grand  avenue.  The  point  is  made 
that  the  confiscation  of  goods  is  in  violation  of  the  State 
constitution. 


RECENT   FIRES. 


At  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Charles  L.  Penny  pharmacy;  loss  about  $800. 

At  Marvell,  Ark.,  Brooks  &  Brassfield  drug  store  destroyed; 
origin  unknown. 

At  Deadwood,  S.D.,  two  warehouses  belonging  to  estate  of  the 
late  Kirk  G.  Phillips.  Charles  street,  were  destroyed  by  fire. 
They  contained,  it  is  reported,  $20,000  of  drugs  and  chemicals.  In 
one  of  the  buildings  were  $5000  of  potassium  cyanide  and  a  supply 
of  sheet  zinc  worth  the  same  amount.  Cause,  supposed  to  be 
spontaneous  combustion.  Buildings  and  contents  were  fully  covered 
by   insurance. 

At  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  McIIvaine  Brothers  drug  mill,  southwest 
corner  I5th  and  Hamilton  streets,  fire  did  $10,000  damage.  Thick 
smoke  from  burning  chemicals   hampered   the   work  of  the   firemen. 

At  Bluffs,  III.,  F.  T.  Curtis  drug  store;  loss,  $3200;  insurance, 
$1300:  fire  started  in  pharmacy  and  spread  rapidly  into  business 
district  and  for  a  time  threatened  to  destroy  a  large  part  of  the 
town.     General  loss  was  estimated  at  $35,000. 

At  Princeton,  Kan.,  J.  R.  Thornbury  and  wife  celebrated  their 
52d  wedding  anniversary  in  the  morning;  in  the  evening  their  drug 
store  was  destroyed  by  fire. 

At  Louisville,  Ky.,  W.  E.  Klusmeyer  pharmacy  at  Eighth  and 
Jefferson  strets;  damage,  $4000;   insurance,  $2500. 

At  Boston,  Mass.,  the  Otis  Clapp  Drug  Co.,  439  Boylston  street, 
damage  about  $1000.  A  prompt  still  alarm  did  much  toward 
minimizing  the  damage. 

At  Rio  Vista,  Texas,  the  Lacewell  drug  store  was  damaged  by  a 
conflagration  which  did  $90,000  damage  in  the  town.  Twenty-four 
buildings  were  destroyed  and  the  water  plant  put  out  of  com- 
mission. 

At  Rockland,  Mass.,  W.  A.  Phillips'  drug  store  on  East  Water 
street  badly  dam.aged  by  fire.  Loss  estimated  at  $1700;  $1300 
insurance  was  carried. 

At  JasonviHe,  Ind.,  Bryan's  drug  store  was  burned  in  a  fire 
which  did  $300,000  damage,  ruining  almost  the  entire  south  side  of 
the   business   section. 

At  Hoopeston,  111..  G.  E.  Lester's  drug  store  damaged  by  fire; 
loss  covered   by  insurance. 


44S 


THE    niARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[September,  1914 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  is  a  systematic  home-study  course, 
designed  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  5J8  Lec- 
tures; it  can  be  completed  in  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  the 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete  Prospectus   can   be   had   by  addressing 

Director  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy, 

c/o  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co., 
No.   3   Park   Place,   New   York. 

FROM  THE  NORTH  AND  THE  SOUTH. 


of    .\lderson.    W. 


Two    Young   Men    Who    Have    Used    the    Era    Course 
to  Prepare   Themselves  for  Advancement.' 

ABOUT  SL\  months  ago,  Homer  J.  Nowlan,  of  Roanoke, 
\'a.,  decided  to  enroll  as  an  Era  Course  student.  He 
had  already  received  an  excellent  preliminary  education, 
and  had  also  studied  for  four  years  at  the  Alderson  .\cademy, 
^'a.,  followed  by  a  year  of  Latin,  English, 
French,  and  mathematics  at  Roanoke 
College,  Salem,  A"a.  He  then  entered  the 
drug  business  as  assistant  in  Thornton's 
pharmacy,  Roanoke,  and  later  held  posi- 
tions with  H.  C.  Barnes,  Inc.,  and  with 
^'an  Lear  Bros,  pharmacy,  where  he  is 
now  employed.  But  he  felt  that  he 
needed  a  systematic  guide,  to  give  him 
rational  explanations  for  his  practical 
work,  and  this  he  found  in  the  Era 
Course  Lectures. 

In  his  words:  "The  Era  Course  has 
benefited  me  many  times  in  excess  of 
the  price  you  charge  for  it,  and  I  thank 
you  for  the  assistance  you  have  given 
me."  In  spite  of  being  kept  busy  at 
^■an  Lear's,  Mr.  Nowlan  made  it  a  point 
to  set  aside  a  regular  time  for  study, 
with  the  result  that  he  completed  the  Era  Course  work  in 
just  si.x  months  after  enrolling.  His  recitations  arrived  as 
regularly  as  the  changes  in  the  moon,  and  his  sincere  efforts 
were  rewarded  by  a  graduating  average  of  a  shade  under  99 
per  cent. ! 


Homer  J.  Nowxax. 


Direct  Benefits  from  the  Course. 

NOTHING    could    better   show    the    direct    benefits    which 
the   aspiring   young   pharmacist    derives    from    the    Era 
Course  ln-  Pharmacy  than  the  following  letter,  recently 
received  from  George  C.  Schicks,  Jr.,  of  Lowell,  Mass. : 

"I   have  just   received   the  announcement   of   my   graduation, 
with   an   average   of  96   per   cent.,   from 
the  Era  Course  m  VsjuaiAC^ . 

"I  started  in  the  drug  business  three 
years  ago,  and  found  it  to  be  a  business 
absolutely  new  to  me.  I  studied  the 
United  States  Pharmacopoeia,  and  then 
took  up  the  Era  Course  in  connection 
with  it.  The  Course  explains  many 
things  in  the  U.S. P.  that  would  other- 
wise seem  complicated  to  the  beginner. 
Systematic  studying  is  what  the  novice 
needs,  and  he  gets  a  very  good  training' 
in  this  course. 

"When  I  took  the  State  Board  ex- 
amination a  few  months  ago,  I  had 
many  questions  asked  me  that  are  ex- 
plicitly answered  in  this  Course.  I 
would  probably  never  have  heard  of 
them  if  I  had  not  taken  up  a  course  of  systematic  studying. 
Not  being  eligible  to  take  the  full  examinations  on  account  of 
age  and  inexperience,  I  took  the  examination  for  assistant 
pharmacist,  and  passed  it.  I  hope  very  soon  to  pass  the  full 
examination. 

"I  shall  keep  the  Lectures  with  great  care,  and  I  am  sure 
they  will  be  very  instrumental  to  me  in  passing  the  final  ex- 
ariination." 


Geo.  C.  Schicks,  Jr. 


Era  Course  Graduate  Wins  Honors. 
.\l  the  recent  commencement  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of 
Pharmacy,  the  honor  "Meritorious"  was  awarded  Mr.  Elwyn  J. 
Wheeler,  of  Philadelphia,  and  at  one  time  of  Lancaster,  N.H. 
Mr,  Wheeler  entered  the  college  in  the  Fall  of  191 1,  having 
enrolled  as  an  Era  Course  student  a  few  months  previously. 
Using  the  lectures  as  a  guide  for  his  more  extended  work  in 
the  college,  he  carried  on  both  courses  simultaneously,  and  was 
so  industrious  that  he  was  ready  to  receive  his  diploma  from 
the  Er.\  Course  in  the  early  Fall  of  1912,  with  a  final  average 
of  98.  He  then  concentrated  all  his  efforts  on  his  regular 
studies  at  the  College  of  Pharmacy,  and  graduated  this  year 
with  tlie  high  honor  previously  mentioned.  He  was  entitled  to 
Honorable  Mention  in  the  contests  for  the  Materia  Medica 
prize.  Commercial  Pharmacy  prize.  Instructors'  prize.  Phar- 
macy Quiz  prize,  and  the  Kappa  Psi  Fraternity  prize. 

Matriculation     Graduates  to  Aug.  20,   1914.      Graduating: 
Number.  Average. 

7735 — Geo.  C.  Schicks,  Jr.,  Lowell,  Mass 96 

7827— Miss  Abbie  L.  Walker,  Dallas,  Ore 87 

8023— R.  K.  Latshaw,  Swissvale,  Pa 94 

8209— H.  J.  Nowlan,  Roanoke,  Va 99 

8224 — Edmund  W.  Dorn,  Vincennes,  Ind 94 


PRACTICAL  ADVICE. 


Explosiveness  of  Picric  Acid. 

(H.F.B.) — "We  keep  on  our  prescription  shelf,  a  few  feet 
away  from  where  employees  work,  not  more  than  one  ounce  of 
picric  acid.  We  would  like  to  know  if  such  a  quantity  should 
explode  would  it  be  dangerous  to  life  or  limb?  Or,  do  you 
consider  it  dangerous  to  have  1  ounce  of  picric  acid  in  such 
a  place?     Is  it  likely  to  explode  spontaneously?" 

While  picric  acid  is  considered  as  an  explosive,  we  believe 
there  is  no  great  danger  in  keeping  on  hand  an  ounce  bottle  of 
the  substance,  provided  due  care  is  taken  as  to  storage,  etc 
According  to  advance  notes,  the  forthcoming  edition  of  the 
Pharmacopoeia  will  define  picric  acid  as  an  official  substance, 
and  will  say  that  the  substance  "explodes  when  heated  rapidly 
and  when  subjected  to  a  percussion.  Keep  in  well-stoppered 
bottles,  in  a  cool  p!ace,  remote  from  fire."  This  is  evidence 
that  the  Pharmacopoeial  authorities,  at  least,  do  not  consider 
the  acid  extra  hazardous  when  properly  kept  in  the  usual 
quantities  needed  for  drug-store  dispensing. 

.^s  showing  how  the  substance  is  considered  in  this  city 
we  would  state  tliat  under  the  regulations  of  the  Municipal' 
Explosives  Commission  of  New  York,  picric  acid  finds  a  place 
in  Schedule  B,  and  druggists  holding  a  permit  from  the  Fire 
Commissioner  can  store,  sell  or  use  in  a  retail  drug  store  picric 
acid  in  any  quantity  not  greater  than  1  ounce.  This  regulation 
also  contains  a  section  which  states  that  "it  shall  be  unlawful' 
for  any  person  to  store  chemicals  in  close  proximity  to  each 
other  when  they  are  of  an  explosive  character,  or  when  one 
increases  the  energy  of  the  other,  or  when  they  are  so  consti- 
tuted that  they  may  react  upon  one  another  and  become  ex- 
plosive or  inflammable."  We  do  not  think  that  a  sample  of 
picric  acid  of  the  quantity  named,  when  kept  under  proper 
conditions,  is  likely  to  explode  spontaneously.  Picric  acid, 
like  most  other  organic  nitro-compounds,'  however,  is  explosive 
under  certain  conditions,  and  it  forms  with  alkalies  well- 
defined  salts,  which  are  also  extremely  explosive.  In  the  form 
of  a  saturated  solution  it  is  used  as  a  hardening  agent  in 
microscopical  work,  and  also  employed  in  urine  analysis  to 
detect  and  estimate  glucose;  for  the  approximate  determination 
of  albumin  (Esbach's  test),  and  for  staining  solutions  in 
microscopical  work.  Stains  on  the  skin  caused  by  picric  acid 
may  be  removed  by  means  of  a  solution  containing  1  per  cent, 
each  of  boric  acid  and  sodium  benzoate. 


Dementholized  Mint  Oil. 
This  is  the  name  given  in  the  trade  to  Japanese  mint  oil 
from  which  part  of  the  menthol  has  been  removed  by  freezing; 
it  contains  from  45  up  to  55  per  cent,  of  total  menthol. 
Recently  much  larger  proportions  of  the  latter  have  been  ex- 
tracted in  Germany  by  a  more  efficient  process,  leaving  a 
residue  very  poor  in  menthol,  which  is  yet  sold  as  dementholized 
Japanese  mint  oil.  The  author  calls  attention  to  the  fact  that 
purchasers  should  insist  on  a  guaranteed  percentage  of  menthol' 
of  at  least  45.  (Umney,  Perf.  Essent.  Oil  Rec,  1914,  p.  41; 
through   J.   Soc.   Chem.  Ind.) 


I    AN    ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBUCATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XLVII 


New  Yokk.  October.  1914 


No.  10 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era. 

rUBLISHED  ON  THE  FIRST  OF  EACH  MONTH. 

D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York 

Telephone,  "646  Barclay.  Cable  Addreti,  "Era,  New  York." 

SUBSCRIPTION   RATES: 
Single   Copief,   15  cents. 
Domestic    Rates    to    U.S.,    Cuba,    Hawaii,    Porto    Rico, 

the    Philippines    and    Mexico $1.80  a  year 

To    Canada,    postpaid 1.50  a  year 

To   Foreign   Countries   in   Postal   Union 2.00  a  year 

The  Er.\  Price  List  with  Subscription,  50c.  a.  Copy. 
PRICES   IN'CLUDE   POSTAGE   AND   PAYABLE   IN   ADVANCE. 
REMIT  by  P.O.  or  Express  Order  or  New  York  Draft  payable 
to  order  of  D.  O.  Haynes  ft  Co.   Add  10  centi  for  collection  cbargea 
if  you  send  local  check. 

Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  ManhatUn,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treaa- 
nrer,  D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N.  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  Officers  is  No.  3  Park  Place.  New  York. 

Entered  at  the  New  York  Post-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1914,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.   All  rights  reserved. 

Title  Registered  in  tht  United  States  Patent  Office. 

Table  of  Contents. 

READING  SECTION. 

Editoriai.  .\nd  Pharmaceutical Pages  449-468 

Editorials   449-452 

Manufacture   of   Biological  Products,    F.   E.    Stew- 
art,    M.D 453-454 

Office  Dispensing  and  the  Druggist 455 

New  .\ntidote  to  Corrosive  Sublimate  Poisoning...  455-456 

Proprietaries  in  Great  Britain 457 

Jottings  from  the  British  Isles 458 

Commissioner  Goldwater  Tells  Why  Sanitary  Code 

Was   .\mended    459-460 

Book   Reviews    461 

Selected    Formulas     462 

Foreign   Abstracts    463-464 

Question    Box     465-466 

Women   in  Pharmacy 467-468 

News  Section   Pages  469-482 

Mostly    Personal     469-471 

Obituaries    471-472 

Associations     473-479. 

Schools   and   Colleges 480-481 

Board    Examinations     481-482 

Tr.\de   Section-    Pages  483-496 

Raising  of  .American   Crude  Drugs 483-484 

Patents   and   Trade   IMarks 487-488 

Market  Reports   489-495 

Era   Course   in  Pharmacy 496 


WHY   NOT   DRUGGISTS   FIRST? 


The  New  York  City  Board  of  Health,  in  defend- 
ing the  recent  Ordinance  No.  182,  prohibiting  the 
sale  by  druggists-  of  any  preparations  containing 
opium,  morphine,  codeine  or  other  narcotics,  ex- 
cept upon  presentation  of  a  physician's  prescrip- 
tion, states  that  self-medication  is  an  evil  which 
shall,  as  far  as  lies  in  the  power  of  the  Board,  be 
stamped  out.  Commissioner  Goldwater  deems  it 
proper  that  a  phjsician  should  prescribe  for  all 
ailments;  the  Board's  slogan  can  almost  be  said  to 
be,  "The  physician  first  and  the  druggist  after- 
ward." 

The  Commissioner  points  to  the  fact  that  years 
of  education  are  required  before  a  man  is  fitted  to 
practise  medicine,  as  evidence  that  the  lay  mind 
cannot  cope  with  the  problems  of  illness.  The 
Commissioner  advises  druggists,  in  case  their  cus- 
tomers insist  on  having  bro^^■n  mixture  tablets, 
Stoke 's  expectorant.  Sun  cholera  mixture,  and 
other  household  remedies,  to  sell  these  preparations 
with  the  narcotic  or  opiate  left  out.  The  Board 
proposes  a  campaign  of  education  for  the  public, 
pointing  out  the  dangers  of  taking  medicines  the 
ingredients  of  which  are  not  fully  known,  and  as 
the  first  step  in  this  campaign  proposes  another 
ordinance,  which  will  require  the  labels  of  all  pro- 
prietarj-  preparations  to  bear  a  qualitative  analy- 
sis of  their  contents.  A  similar  ordinance  is  now 
enforced  in  the  Philippines,  says  the  Commission- 
er, and  its  effects  have  been  salutary. 

The  druggists  of  New  York  City  will  agree  to 
obey  Ordinance  182,  the  proposed  new  measure, 
and  aU  other  similar  legislation,  if  the  Board  of 
Health  or  the  Commissioner  will  go  on  record  to 
the  effect  that  the  average  intelligence  of  New 
York  City  is  as  low  as  that  of  our  "little  brown 
brothers"  in  the  Philippines,  and  that  public 
health  measures  of  similar  nature  are  needed  for 
the  protection  of  our  citizens.  The  druggists  of 
New  York  City  will  not  oppose  the  ordinances  if 
the  Board  will  furnish  statistical  proof  that  the 
average  physician  is  able  to  make  a  correct 
diagnosis  in  75  per  cent,  of  all  cases  submitted  to 
him,  and  to  prescribe  the  correct  remedy,  in  proper 
form.     The  druggists  of  New  York  City  will  sec- 


450 


THE    niARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[October,  1914 


ond  every  effort  of  the  Board  of  Health  to  educate 
the  public  if  the  Board  will  require  all  physicians 
to  write  their  prescriptious  iu  legible  English, 
since,  to  quote  the  words  of  Coniniissiouer  Gold- 
water  in  another  connection,  '"an  individual  should 
know  not  only  froiu  what  diseiuse  he  is  suffering, 
but  also  wliat  he  is  taking  to  cure  that  disease"; 
;uid  if  dispensing  physicians  are  also  retpiired  to 
label  the  packets  of  medicine  they  deliver  to  pa- 
tients. 

The  druggists  will  gladly  comply  with  the  new 
regulations  if  the  Board  of  Health  will  funiish 
satisfactory-  evidence  that  the  physicians  of  New 
York  City,  on  the  average,  know  what  is  required 
for  a  cold  or  cough  or  colic  contracted  imder  cir- 
cumstances which  are  fully  known  by  the  sufferer, 
better  than  the  suft'erer  himself.  The  druggists  of 
New  York  City  will  be  glad  to  sell  Warburg's  tinc- 
ture, brown  mixture,  and  other  pharmacopoeial 
preparations  with  the  narcotic  ingredients  omitted, 
if  the  Bo:u-d  of  Health  will  furnish  a  satisfactory 
guarantee  of  imnumity  from  prosecution  for  viola- 
tion of  Section  273  of  the  State  Pharmacy  Law. 
Finally,  the  druggists  will  cheerfully — oh,  so  cheer- 
fully— co-operate  to  conserve  the  public  health,  if 
the  Board  and  its  subordinates  will  adopt  another 
slogan — "Be  a  physician  first  and  a  politician  af- 
terwards." 


PATENT    LAW    REVISION   NEEDED. 


In  the  opinion  of  experts  the  industrial  policy 
of  the  German  Government  that  has  done  more  to 
develop  chemical  manufacturing  in  that  coimtry 
than  in  any  other  is  largely  due  to  the  working 
clause  of  the  German  patent  law  and  the  provision 
that  processes  but  not  products  shall  be  patented. 
The  working  clause  requires  that  if  the  owner  of  the 
patent  omits  for  three  years  to  work  the  patent 
adequately  in  the  Fatherland  the  holder's  rights 
can  be  withdrawn.  In  this  country  we  have  no 
such  pro-^-ision,  and  in  this  field  the  alien  manu- 
facturer has  a  positive  advantage  over  the  domes- 
tic manufacturer.  In  other  words,  we  have  failed 
to  take  the  self-protective  precaution  that  all  other 
industrial  countries  have  taken  in  fonnulating 
their  patent  legislation— by  providing  that  the 
manufacturer  of  a  patentable  article  shall,  in  or- 
der to  retain  the  protection  of  the  patent  law, 
make  provision  for  the  manufacture  of  his  product 
in  this  coimtry  in  quantities  at  least  sufficient  to 
supply  the  domestic  demand. 

If  such  a  requirement  had  been  exacted  of  all  for- 
eign manufacturers  whose  goods  are  protected  un- 
der our  patent  law,  the  present  shortage  of  many 
patented  medicinal  products  would  not  be  so  acute, 
and  there  would  be  a  likelihood  of  securing  them 
in  sufficient  quantities  to  supply  the  domestic  de- 
mand of  the  future.  It  is  perfectly  logical  to  ask 
why  the  manufactiu-er  who  fails  to  supply  the  le- 
gitimate demand  for  a  protected  product  should 
be  entitled  to  a  monopoly  in  our  markets.     We  do 


not  think  he  .should  be  given  these  rights,  and  Con- 
gress should  be  requested  to  amend  the  patent  law 
so  that  future  contingencies  of  this  character  may 
be  avoided.  If  the  fsulure  of  a  foreign  manufac- 
turer to  supply  his  goods  is  owing  to  the  closing  of 
his  factory  by  his  own  country  going  to  war,  that  is 
his  misfortune  and  the  fault  of  his  Government,  not 
our  fault.  Conditions  such  as  these  should  not  be 
possible,  but  they  are  sure  to  develop  just  so  long 
as  our  own  patent  law  does  not  exact  a  require- 
ment that  is  exacted  of  the  patentee  of  every  inven- 
tion by  all  the  great  industrial  nations  of  the 
world.  It  is  not  yet  too  late  to  place  the  situation 
before  Congress  and  to  ask  for  remedial  legislation. 


REORGANIZATION  OF  THE  A.  PH.  A. 


The  recent  meeting  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.  in  Detroit 
may  be  characterized  as  one  of  the  most  sviccessful 
that  organization  has  held  in  recent  years.  Not 
only  was  the  attendance  unusually  large  and  the 
entertainment  featui'es  dispensed  on  a  liberal  scale, 
but  the  work  was  so  well  planned  that  no  time  was 
lost  in  the  deliberations.  To  such  an  extent  was 
the  programme  thought  out  in  advance,  there  was 
no  time  lost  and  the  number  of  sections  meeting 
concurrently  was  reduced  to  a  minimiun,  thereby 
giving  to  every  member  the  greatest  opportunity  to 
attend  most  of  the  gatherings  of  his  favorite  group. 
This  was  accomplished,  as  told  in  our  news  report 
elsewhere  in  this  issue,  by  eliminating  from  the 
general  sessions  of  the  association  the  customary 
addresses  of  welcome  by  the  mayor  and  other  dis- 
tinguished citizens  on  the  part  of  the  city  and  the 
responsive  felicitations  thereto,  and  by  excluding 
the  reading  of  unimportant  reports  of  the  detail 
work  done  by  the  Council  during  the  interim  be- 
tween meetings.  It  is  believed  that  the  average 
member  will  lose  nothing  by  this  arrangement  and, 
in  our  opinion,  he  will  have  a  greater  opportunity 
to  hear  the  reading  of  papers  and  the  discussions 
than  he  ever  had  imder  the  method  followed  in 
previous  years. 

The  meeting  this  year,  therefore,  may  be  said  to 
mark  the  beginning  of  a  new  era  in  the  method 
of  the  Association's  work.  It  also  ushers  in  a  re- 
organization of  the  sectional  divisions,  the  prin- 
cipal changes  being  in  the  consolidation  under  the 
Scientific  Section  of  the  new  subdivisions  (a) 
chemistrj^,  (b)  botany  and  pharmacognosy,  (c) 
biologic  assays,  and  (d)  bacteriology,  the  other  sec- 
tions remaining  practically  as  they  have  been  or- 
ganized for  a  number  of  years.  Greater  recogni- 
tion was  also  given  to  the  Women's  Section  by  ex- 
tending its  scope,  which,  as  set  forth  in  the  new 
amendment,  is  "to  consist  of  women  who  are  regu- 
lar members  in  the  A.  Ph.  A.,  the  women  of  the 
families  of  regular  members  in  good  standing 
united  for  promoting  the  aims  of  the  A.  Ph.  A. 
and  for  advancing  the  interests  of  women  engaged 
in  pharmaceutical  work."  This  greater  recogni- 
tion by  the  Association   of  women   and  women's 


October.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


451 


work  in  pharmacy  is  in  keeping  with  the  tendency 
of  the  time  in  other  callings,  and  it  is  sure  to  have 
real  significance  in  any  future  consideration  of  a 
stud}-  of  the  industrial  opportunity  offered  to 
women,  or  to  the  progress  they  are  making  in  the 
field  of  present  day  activity. 

Viewed  in  its  entirety-,  the  result  of  the  Detroit 
meeting  is  sufficient  to  convince  anyone  at  all  fa- 
miliar with  the  development  of  pharmacy  that  the 
Association  is  working  in  the  right  direction,  and 
that  whatever  else  it  may  do  for  the  benefit  of  the 
trade,  its  real  mission  is  to  broaden  the  viewpoint 
and  contribute  to  the  dissemination  of  knowledge 
for  the  benefit  of  all  concerned.  In  thus  elevating 
pharmacy  in  matters  professional  and  commercial. 
the  Association  is  really  bringing  the  individual 
pharmacist  to  realize  that  within  the  organization 
he  can  be  sure  of  greater  progress  than  will  come 
to  him  by  following  his  old  policy  of  secluded  isola- 
tion. The  moral  is  obvious — join  the  Association 
and  help  to  promote  the  betterment  of  pharmacy. 

EEVISE  PRESCRIPTION  PRICES. 


drugs  and  chemicals  used  in  prescriptions,  and 
compare  them  with  the  corresponding  figures  of 
six  months  aco. 


WEEKLY  DRUG  MARKETS. 


Although  definite  prices  are  often  difficult  to 
quote  in  these  war  times,  and  dealers'  lists  change 
daily  and  hourly,  one  thing  is  certain — many  drugs 
and  chemicals  used  in  prescription  work  are  only 
at  the  lower  end  of  a  long  price  incline  which  is 
to  be  utterly  unprecedented.  "With  so  many 
sources  of  supply  of  the  tiner  chemicals  and  syn- 
thetics cut  off  by  governmental  embargoes  in 
Europe,  the  United  States  faces  a  famine  which 
cannot  be  relieved  in  a  few  months,  no  matter 
how  enterprising  or  industrious  our  chemical  fac- 
tories are.  Prices  on  many  lines  will  continue  to 
rise,  and  the  retailer  must  make  his  arrangements 
accordingly. 

In  the  first  place,  the  retailer  should  have  access 
to  some  soiu-ce  of  reliable  information,  so  as  to  fol- 
low the  price  changes  of  those  articles  which  are 
stiU  on  the  market.  As  the  supply  shortens,  the 
value  of  the  goods  he  has  on  hand  increases,  and 
now,  when  stock-taking  time  is  approaching,  he 
should  correct  his  inventories  to  keep  pace  with 
the  revised  quotations.  Any  article  is  worth  as 
much  as  it  will  cost  to  replace  it,  and  it  is  not 
true  that  because  a  pound  of  caffeine  purchased  a 
3'ear  ago  cost  $3.75.  that  same  carton  of  caffeine 
is  worth  to-day  only  the  original  outlay. 

Changes  in  prescription  pricing  are  also  impera- 
tive. The  time  will  surely  come  when  many  a  pre- 
scription will  carry  a  price  two  or  three  times  as 
great  as  that  legitimately  charged  at  present,  and 
the  druggist  must  prepare  his  customers  for  what 
would  be  apparently  an  exorbitant  increase,  if 
instituted  all  at  one  time,  by  gradual  revisions  up- 
ward from  time  to  time,  following  the  upward 
trend  of  jobbers'  prices  for  the  articles  concerned. 
To  prove  to  the  public  that  these  increases  are 
entirely  justified,  and  in  order  to  forestall  any 
criticism  anent  "gouging,"  it  might  be  advisable 
to    display    present-day    qiiotations    on    a    list    of 


UxpRECEDEXTED  Conditions  have  been  created  in 
the  drug  and  chemical  markets  by  the  European 
war,  and  every  dealer  in  these  goods  has  been  com- 
pelled to  face  them  because  they  have  directly  af- 
fected his  business.  In  such  a  time  as  this  the 
very  commercial  existence  of  the  druggist  depends 
upon  his  ability  to  meet  such  conditions  as  they 
arise,  and  to  do  this  intelligently,  he  must  have  au- 
thoritative information.  In  the  present  crisis  drug 
buyers  have  been  quick  to  recognize  the  necessity 
for  reliable  and  complete  market  reports,  and  we 
have  been  flooded  with  requests  from  subscribers  to 
keep  them  more  promptly  advised  in  regard  to  the 
market  than  is  possible  in  a  monthly  journal. 

These  requests  are  legitimate  and  show  that  busi- 
ness instinct  is  sharpened  imder  the  spur  of  neces- 
sity. The  druggists  do  need  the  information,  and 
to  supply  these  demands  the  publishers  have 
started  a  weekly  journal,  a  ilarket  Edition  of  The 
Phaeiiaceutical  Era,  to  be  kno%vn  as  the  "Week- 
ly Drug  ^Markets,  the  sole  aim  of  which  is 
to  give  drug  buyers  the  most  complete  and  author- 
itative information  relating  to  the  drug  and  chem- 
ical markets,  covering  not  only  the  prices  for  these 
commodities  in  original  or  manufacturers'  packages, 
but  jobbers'  prices  current  as  well.  There  is  a  dis- 
tinct need  and  field  for  such  a  publication  and  we 
expect  to  make  the  ]\Iarket  Edition  of  The  Phakm- 
ACEUTiCAL  Era  the  most  complete  journal  of  its 
kind,  adding  many  new  features  not  heretofore 
carried  in  journals  of  this  character.  "We  urge  our 
subscribers  to  take  it. 


IMPROVED   METHODS   OF   COST-KEEPING. 


Too  often  the  druggist  gives  insulficient  atten- 
tion to  the  accounting  end  of  his  business.  Of 
course,  every  retailer  keeps  a  set  of  books  of  some 
sort,  but  does  his  set  of  books  enable  him  to  see  an 
accurate  picture  of  his  business  day  by  day,  or 
does  it  really  serve  to  drop  a  curtain  before  his 
eyes  which  is  only  lifted  at  thirty  day  intervals, 
when  the  monthly  balance  sheet  is  prepared?  The 
difference  between  the  great  success  often  achieved 
by  the  large  store  and  the  dismal  failure  common 
among  the  small  retailers  is  not  so  much  a  question 
of  either  intrinsic  ability  or  personality,  but  is  due 
rather  to  the  accurate  check  which  the  large  estab- 
lishment keeps  upon  ever}-  detail  of  its  business, 
as  compared  with  the  hap-hazard  and  careless  at- 
tention too  often  paid  by  the  small  retailer  to  the 
accounting  of  his  store.  The  old  fashioned  ledger- 
joumal-day-and-cash-book  method  of  accounting 
cannot  give  accurate  daily  information  concerning 
the  fluctuations  of  business,  and  many  new  meth- 
ods of  accoimting  have  been  devised  which  enable 
the  retailer  to  watch  his  income  and  outgo,  over- 


452 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[October,  1914 


head  and  depreciation,  much  iu  the  same  way  the 
ph\-sit'ian  wati-hes  the  fever  chart  of  his  patient. 

Harvard  I'nivei-sity  established  its  liureau  of 
Business  Statistics  some  three  years  ago  for  the 
purpose  of  studying  the  aeeountiug  problems  in 
different  lines  of  endeavor,  and  from  the  knowl- 
edge thus  gained  to  devise  a  standard  system  of  ac- 
eoimting  for  each  particular  line.  Bulletin  num- 
ber three,  issued  a  short  time  ago  by  the  Bureau. 
contains  an  aecoimting  and  cost-keeping  system  in- 
tended for  the  retail  grocer,  but  the  problems  of 
merchandising  in  the  drug  and  grocery  trades  are 
sufficiently  similar  for  the  retail  druggist  to  obtain 
a  large  amount  of  valuable  information  from  the 
grocery  bulletin.  Conditions  in  the  drug  trade 
to-day  are  sufficiently  keen  to  make  it  necessary 
for  the  retailer  to  keep  his  sails  trimmed  and  his 
wheel  steady,  lest  he  foimder  and  sink  beneath  the 
■waves  of  competition,  and  the  best  chart  and  com- 
pass for  a  safe  voyage  across  the  sea  of  business 
is  an  accurate  understanding  of  the  real  cost  of 
doing  business,  gained  from  some  sj'stera  of  ac- 
counting which  is  sufficiently  comprehensive  to  en- 
able him  to  learn  the  essentials  of  his  financial 
problems  as  fast  as  they  arise. 


CULTIVATION  OF   MEDICINAL   PLANTS. 


The  principal  obstacle  in  this  coimtry  to  the 
successful  cultivation  of  medicinal  plants  on  a  com- 
mercial scale  has  been,  with  few  exceptions,  due  to 
the  low  prices  for  which  such  drugs  were  obtained 
from  abroad,  and  as  a  result,  the  returns  were 
insufficient  to  warrant  anyone  in  taking  up  the 
work  for  profit.  Far- seeing  individuals  eontinufd 
to  predict  that  e\  dn  under  such  conditions  the  time 
was  not  far  distant  when  practically  all  of  the 
most  important  drugs  would  be  so  much  higher 
that  farmers  and  others  would  grow  medicinal 
plants  for  the  market,  the  soil  and  climatic  condi- 
tions of  the  United  States  being  favorable  for  the 
product'-on  oi'  most  of  them. 

Renewed  interest  in  this  subject  has  come  to  the 
forefront  at  the  present  time,  owing  to  scarcity  of 
such  drugs,  and  the  cessation  of  importations  due 
to  European  hostilities,  the  principal  countries  of 
production  being  ravaged  by  contending  armies. 
The  visible  supply  of  such  drugs  has  consequently 
greatly  increased  in  value,  while  some  of  them  are 
likely  to  become  imobtainable.  These  facts  have 
been  sufSeient  to  attract  the  attention  of  agricul- 
turists and  others,  and  already  many  individuals 
and  farmers  have  written  the  U.  S.  Department  of 
Agricidture  inquiring  about  the  possibilities  of 
growing  medicinal  plants  profitably.  These  in- 
quirers have  been  imiformly  answered,  as  anyone 
who  has  at  all  followed  the  Department's  investiga- 
tions would  predict,  that  a  number  of  important 
drug  plants  could  be  profitably  grown  here  if 
the  present  high  prices  continue,  but  at  the  same 
time,  the  possibility  of  an  early  restoration  of  ship- 
ping facilities  was  a  factor,  and  in  any  event,  the 


inexperienced  grower  of  drug  plants  would  be  more 
liable  to  meet  with  failure  than  with  success. 

The  basis  of  this  opinion  is  not  hard  to  discover. 
The  successful  production  of  drug  plants  requires 
special  knowledge  iu  the  matter  of  cultivation.  The 
time  of  harvesting  and  method  of  drying  have  an 
important  beariug  upon  the  constituents  of  the 
jilaiits  in  the  cured  state,  a  knowledge  of  which  is 
absolutely  essential  for  the  production  of  drugs  of 
high  quality.  Then,  too,  the  prospective  grower, 
with  a  knowledge  of  drug  plants,  could  scarcely 
hope  to  harA^est  a  crop  before  the  end  of  next  year's 
producing  season.  Another  disquieting  feature  to- 
ward immediate  success  is  seen  in  the  Department's 
experts  by  the  statement  that  the  quantity  of  crude 
drugs  required  by  the  market  is  relatively  small  as 
compared  with  fruits,  vegetables  or  staple  crops, 
and  any  numerous  or  extensive  plantings  by  in- 
dividuals throughout  the  country  might  easily  re- 
sult in  overproduction,  which  would  cause  a  de- 
cline in  the  market  price  independent  of  the  condi- 
tions abroad.  In  any  case  there  miLst  be  an  avail- 
able market. 

There  are  doubtless  many  drug  plants  which 
cannot  be  grown  here  under  any  circumstances, 
and  for  those  that  might  be  cultivated,  there  are 
many  factors  that  tend  to  make  the  future  of  the 
market  imcertain.  But  even  with  these  handicaps, 
the  future  holds  possibilities.  There  is  boimd  to 
be  greater  progress  in  this  direction,  but  no  im- 
mediate hope  that  American  growers  can  supply 
all  of  the  needs  of  this  country  for  botanical  drugs. 
The  knowledge  and  experience  that  have  taken  gen- 
erations to  gain  cannot  be  replaced  in  one,  two  or 
many  years,  to  say  nothing  of  having  the  right 
kind  of  soil  and  most  favorable  climatic  conditions. 


VALUE   OF   TRADE   ORGANIZATIONS 


A  prominent  Philadelphia  drug  manufacturer  who  is  a 
member  of  several  trade  organizations,  and  who  is  keen  for 
the  association  spirit  in  the  trade  said  in  discussing  the  ap- 
parent unwillingness  of  drug  manufacturers  to  join  trade  or- 
ganizations:— 

"Some  of  these  manufacturers  appear  to  be  afraid  that 
mingling  with  the  other  members  of  the  trade  would  result 
in  their  losing  some  of  their  trade  secrets.  They  therefore 
not  only  do  not  cultivate  the  acquaintance  of  others  in  the 
business,  through  association  meetings  and  otherwise,  but  ho!d 
themselves  aloof  on  the  assumption  that  they  are  thus  secur- 
ing a  monopoly  on  the  part  of  the  wisdom  and  successful 
methods  pertaining  to  the   business. 

"Never  was  a  more  mistaken  idea.  Instead  of  losing  the 
manufacturer  who  meets  his  fellows  invariably  gains;  for 
every  idea  he  puts  out,  he  gets  others  back  that  are  equally 
valuable.  If  there  were  twelve  drug  manufacturers  in  an 
association,  each  one  contributes  one-twelfth  to  what  is  said 
and  suggested ;  consequently,  he  receives  eleven  times  as  much 
as  he  gives.  How  then  can  a  single  individual  suppose  that 
his  own  limited  experience  is  greater  and  worth  more  than 
that  of  all  others  in  the  business  in  his  community  com- 
bined? 

"The  very  fact  that  associations  exist  in  all  lines  and  have 
grown,  prospered  and  multiplied  is  sufficient  proof  if  it  were 
needed,  of  the  benefits  to  be  derived  from  their  use;  and  the 
manufacturer  who  imagines  that  he  is  acting  in  a  wise  and 
shrewd  manner  by  refusing  to  ally  himself  with  others  in 
the  business  is  merely  pursuing  the  plan  of  the  ostrich,  which 
covers   its  head    in   the   sand." 


October,  1914] 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


453 


Manufacture  of  Biological  Products' 

By  F.    E.   STEWART,    Ph.    G.,    M.    D. 

(Scientific  Department,  H.  K.  Mulford  Company.) 


F.  E.   Stewart. 


IF  a  protein,  (for  example,  egg  albumin,  casein,  blood 
serum,  or  vegetable  albumin),  is  introduced  into  the 
alimentary  canal  of  an  animal  or  man,  the  secreting  cells 
of  the  glandular  organs  connected  with  the  digestive  appa- 
ratus are  stimulated  to  produce  proteolytic  ferments  for  its 
digestion.  Digestion  in  the 
alimentary  canal  is  known  as 
"enteral"   digestion. 

If  a  protein  is  introduced 
into  the  tissues  or  blood 
vessels  of  an  animal  or  man, 
the  body  cells,  (tissue  cells, 
white  corpuscles  or  leucocytes, 
etc.)  are  stimulated  to  pro- 
duce proteolytic  enzymes  for 
its  digestion.  Digestion  in 
the  body  outside  of  the  ali- 
mentary canal  is  known  as 
"par-enteral"   digestion. 

Normal  blood  serum,  when 
freshly  drawn,  also  has  the 
power  of  digesting  proteins, 
and  that  power  may  be  enor- 
mously increased  toward  any 
particular  protein  by  inject- 
ing a  portion  of  it  into  the 
tissues    of    the    animal.     The 

blood  serum  of  such  animal  will  digest  a  comparatively  large 
amount  of  that  particular  protein,  but  shows  no  increased 
power  of  digestion  toward  any  other  protein.  In  other 
words,  the  digestive  action  is  specific.  The  doctrine  of 
specificity   is  stated  as  follows : — 

Each  protein  when  introduced  into  title  animal  body  stimu- 
lates the  body  cells  to  produce  a  powerful  specific  proteo- 
lytic enzyme  or  digestive  ferment  which  will  digest  that 
particular  protein  and  no  other. 

This  fact  is  of  the  greatest  importance  to  the  existence  of 
living  beings  on  this  earth  of  ours,  for  except  for  the  power 
possessed  by  the  tissues  of  animals  and  of  plants  to  produce 
enzymes  for  digesting  their  food,  and  for  defence  against  the 
yeasts,  which  are  constantly  seeking  to  obtain  a  foothold  and 
grow  in  and  on  the  bodies  of  animals  and  of  plants  at  the 
expense  of  their  tissues,  these  lower  forms  of  life  would  soon 
destroy  the  higher  forms,  and  then,  they  themselves  would 
perish  for  lack  of  food. 

For  the  sake  of  simplicity,  let  us  consider  the  bacteria  in 
their  relation  to  animal  life. 

We  know  that  the  food  we  eat,  the  water  we  drink,  and 
the  air  we  breathe,  contain  myriads  of  bacteria  of  multitudi- 
nous kinds,  all  seeking  to  devour  us.  Examination  of  the 
skin  and  of  the  mucous  membranes  lining  the  cavities  of  the 
body  shows  the  presence  of  millions  of  tliem.  They  live  with 
us  as  messmates,  subsisting  on  waste  matter,  such  as  par- 
ticles of  food,  cast-off  epithelium,  etc.  Why  do  they  not  at- 
tack the  tissues  and  destroy  us?  Simply  because  when  they 
attack  the  tissues,  the  body  cells  are  stimulated  to  produce 
a  powerful  specific  proteolytic  ferment  for  their  destruction. 
For  bacteria  are  mainly  composed  of  protein,  and  the  proteo- 
lytic ferment  produced  by  the  body  cells  digests  the  bacterial 
protein. 

However,  victory  does  not  always  attend  the  body  cells  in 
defending  the  tissues  against  the  attacks  of  bacteria.  Some- 
times the  proteolytic  enzymes  produced  by  the  bacterial  cells 
are  strong  enough  to  overcome  the  body  cells  and  then  the 
bacteria  gain  foothold  and  become  parasites,  living  at  the  ex- 
pense of  the  tissues.     Now  what  happens? 

What  happens  is  this:  Certain  groups  of  symptoms  are 
manifested  by  the  individual  attacked,  depending  in  character 
upon  the  kind  of  bacteria,  and  the  kind  of  tissues  attacked. 
The  animal  becomes  sick,  has  a  fever,  functions  of  the  tissues 
attacked   are    disturbed,    the    nervous   system    is   poisoned,    the 


•Read    before    the    Amer.    Pharm.    Assoc,    Detroit,    1914. 


entire  system  is  disarranged,  and,  unless  sometlring  occurs  to 
check  the  attack,  the  animal  dies.  In  the  meantime  other 
kmds  of  bacteria  take  advantage  of  the  situation  and  also 
attack  the  poor  victim.  And,  after  the  victim  dies,  the 
bacteria  continue  their  destructive  work  until  all  of  the 
organic  matter  of  which  its  body  was  constructed  is  decom- 
posed back  to  inorganic  forms. 

Nothing  prevents  every  one  of  us  from  sharing  this  awful 
fate  except  the  power  of  our  body  cells  to  produce  a  powerful, 
specific,  proteolytic  enzyme  or  ferment  capable  of  digesting 
and  destroying  the  protein  of  the  kind  of  bacteria  that  calls 
it  forth. 

As  just  stated,  the  groups  of  symptoms  resulting  from  the 
attacks  of  different  kinds  of  bacteria  differ  in  accord  with 
the  kmd  of  bacteria  that  attack  and  the  kind  of  tissue  at- 
tacked. If,  for  example,  the  tubercle  bacillus  attacks  the  lung 
tissues,  a  group  of  symptoms  follows  which  markedly  differ 
from  those  following  an  attack  upon  osseous  tissue  or  bone, 
or  upon  the  meninges  or  lining  membrane  of  the  spinal  cord'. 
If  the  lung  is  attacked,  we  have  pulmonary  phthisis;  if  the 
bone  of  the  hip  is  attacked,  we  have  hip  disease;  or  if  the 
meninges   are   attacked,   we   have   tubercular   meningitis. 

The  diseases,  or  groups  of  symptoms  caused  by  microbes, 
(as  these  minute  forms  of  life  are  called)  are  known  as  in- 
fectious diseases.  The  infectious  diseases  differ  from  each 
other  because  each  is  produced  by  a  different  kind  of  micro- 
organism, at  least  in  the  beginning,  although  every  infectious 
disease  as  a  rule  becomes  sooner  or  later  a  mixed  infection. 

Now,  when  a  certain  bacterium  obtains  a  foothold  and 
commences  to  grow  at  the  expense  of  the  tissue,  say  of  the 
lung  tissue  as  happens  when  the  pneumococcus  grows  in  the 
lungs  and  causes  pneumonia,  the  healthy  tissues  in  some 
other  part  of  the  body  may  be  stimulated  to  produce  the 
necessary  specific  proteolytic  enzyme  for  its  destruction. 
Nature  has  provided  a  way  of  doing  this  by  supplying  the 
blood  with  what  are  known  as  white  blood  corpuscles  or  cells 
called  leucocytes.  When  the  lung  tissue  is  attacked  the 
leucocytes  are  attracted  to  the  site  of  invasion.  They  rush 
to  the  aid  of  the  tissue  cells,  and  immediately  commence  to 
ingest  or  engulf  the  bacteria  and  digest  them  by  means  of 
specific  proteolytic  enzyme  secreted  by  the  leucocytes  for  that 
purpose.  The  peculiar  power  of  the  leucocytes  and  other 
body  cells  of  ingesting  and  digesting  bacterial  and  other  pro- 
teins is  known  as  phagocytosis,  and  the  body  cells  are  there- 
fore named  phagocytes  or  cell-eaters  by  Metchnikoff,  to  whom 
we  are  indebted  for  this  knowledge. 

But  suppose  the  tissue  cells  and  leucocytes  are  unable  to 
overcome  the  infection,   what   can   be  done? 

Sir  Almroth  E.  Wright,  of  the  British  Army,  has  developed 
a  method  for  aiding  nature  under  such  circumstances,  known 
as  Wright's  Vaccine  Therapy,  or  Bacteria  Therapy.  It  con- 
sists of  injecting  killed  bacteria  of  the  kind  causing  the 
disease  into  the  healthy  tissues  whereby  the  tissue  cells  are 
stimulated  to  produce  specific  proteolytic  ferment.  This  is 
absorbed,  taken  up  by  the  circulation  and  carried  to  the  area 
invaded  by  the  disease  germs  where  it  aids  the  tissue  cells 
and   leucocytes   in   overcoming   the   invading   bacteria. 

Bacterins  (or  bacterial  vaccines  as  they  are  called  by 
Wright  and  his  followers)  are  killed  pathogenic  bacteria  sus- 
pended in  sterile  physiological  saline  solution,  protected  by 
antiseptics  from  contamination,  and  standardized  to  contain 
a  definite  number  of  bacteria  in  each  cubic  centimeter.  They 
are   prepared   in   the   following  manner: — 

An  agar  tube  is  inoculated  with  the  proper  organism. 
The  tube  is  incubated  24  hours  when  the  growth  is  emulsified 
and  drawn  into  a  Miquel  bulb  containing  sterile  bouillon. 
From  the  bulb  it  is  distributed  into  the  special  flasks  in 
which  the  cultures  are  grown  in  large  quantities.  The  agar 
flasks  are  incubated  for  24  hours.  Then  they  are  removed 
from  the  incubator  and  each  flask  examined  microscopically 
to  be  certain  the  culture  is  pure.  After  this  a  small  quantity, 
about  10  to  20  c.c,  of  sterile  saline  solution  is  placed  in  each 
flask.  The  flasks  are  shaken  to  loosen  the  growth  from  the 
surface  of  the  agar.  When  this  is  accomplished  the  thick 
suspension  of  bacteria  is  removed  from  each  flask  with  a 
Miquel  bulb.  The  Miquel  bulb  is  then  shaken  thoroughly 
to  break  up  clumps  of  bacteria  as  far  as  possible  and  a 
small  sample  is  removed  for  counting.  The  stems  of  the 
bulb   are   then   scaled   off   in   a   blow-pipe   flame   and   the   bulb 


454 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[October,  1914 


is  immersed  in  a  water  bath  the  temperature  of  which  is 
exactly  60°C.  It  is  kept  in  here  for  one-half  hour.  This 
temperature  will  kill  the  bacteria  without  destroying  their 
specific  immunizing  properties.  The  contents  of  the  bulb 
are  then  ready  for  dilution  in  sterile  saline  solution.  After 
dilution,  one-half  of  one  per  cent,  of  trikresol  is  added  as  a 
preservative. 

The  bacteria  are  counted  by  Wright's  method.  This  con- 
sists of  a  comparison  of  the  number  of  bacteria  in  a  certain 
quantity  of  the  emulsion  with  the  number  of  red  blood 
corpuscles  in  the  same  quantity  of  blood.  Having  all  the 
apparatus  necessary  in  readiness  a  mark  is  made  with  a 
paraffin  pencil  about  one-half  inch  from  the  end  of  a 
capillary  pipette,  to  the  upper  end  of  which  is  attached  a 
small  rubber  bulb.  A  piece  of  bandage  or  a  rubber  band  is 
wound  tightly  around  the  finger  or  thumb  and  a  small  prick 
is  made  just  back  of  the  nail.  As  the  blood  comes  out  it  is 
^Jrawn  into  the  capillary  pipette  exactly  to  tlie  mark  made 
with  the  paraffin  pencil.  Then  the  column  of  blood  is  al- 
lowed to  travel  up  tlie  pipette  for  a  short  distance  when 
the  emulsion  of  bacteria  is  drawn  into  the  pipette  to  the 
mark  made  with  the  paraffin  pencil.  The  column  of  blood 
and  the  column  of  bacterial  emulsion  are  now  thoroughly 
mbced  by  forcing  them  out  on  a  clean  slide  and  drawing  up 
the  mi-Wure.  This  is  repeated  several  times.  After  thoroughly 
mixing,  one  drop  of  the  mixture  is  placed  near  the  end  of  a 
■clean  slide  and  the  edge  of  another  slide  is  drawn  over  the 
first,  spreading  the  mixture  of  blood  and  emulsion  in  a  thin 
layer.  This  slide  is  now  allowed  to  dry.  It  is  fixed  either  by 
heat  or  alcohol  or  bichloride  and  stained  in  the  ordinary  way. 
The  stained  slide  is  now  examined  under  a  miscroscope 
■which  is  fitted  with  an   Ehrlich  eye-piece. 

Standardization   of   Bacterins 

Computing  number  of  bacteria   per  c.   c. 

Field  Ervthrocytes  Bacteria 

1      '      32  52 

2    41  48 

3    30  62 

4  39  42 

5    47  SO 


6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

IS 


34 

43 
21 
42 
28 
20 
38 
22 
27 
36 


32 
49 
60 
72 
58 
36 
54 
28 
35 
72 

"Tso 


Total    ....        500         

500 :750 :  :5,000,000  :X   ( 7,500,000 ) . 
Then  in   1   c.  c.  there  are  7,500,000,000. 

In  1902,  Besredka,  working  in  the  Pasteur  Institute,  pro- 
educed  an  improved  form  of  bacterial  vaccine  to  which  the 
names,  sensitized-vaccine,  sero-vaccine,  senso-vaccine,  sero- 
bacterin  and  senso-bacterin,  have  been  applied.  Sensitized 
bacterial  vaccines  are  prepared  by  mixing  homologous  im- 
mune serum  and  corresponding  bacteria,  permitting  the  mix- 
ture to  stand  for  a  time,  and  then  centrifugalizing  the 
bacteria  out  of  the  serum  and  washing  them  entirely  free  by 
repeated  centrifugalization  with  saline  solution.  The  bacteria 
attract  to  themselves  the  specific  part  of  the  proteolytic  fer- 
ment which  the  immune  serum  contains,  and  are  thus  pre- 
pared for  digestion  by  the  body  cells  and  blood  serum  of  the 
individual  treated. 

To  make  what  happens  clear,  it  is  necessary  to  consider 
the  structure  of  the  digestive  ferment  produced  by  the  body 
cells  for  the  digestion  and  destruction  of  infecting  bacteria. 

Professor  Victor  C.  Vaughan  of  the  University  of  Michi- 
gan, and  now  president  of  the  American  Medical  Association, 
says  that  al'  enzymes  consist  of  amboceptor  and  complement. 
Let  us  therefore  consider  these  two  principles  and  their 
fvmctions.  . 

When  an  animal  is  immunized  against  a  certain  bacterium 
by  injecting  it  into  his  tissues  or  in  other  ways  introducing 
it    into   hi«   body,    a   substance   appears   in   the   serum   with    a 


combining  affinity  for  that  particular  organism.  To  this  sub- 
stance several  names  have  been  given.  Bordet  calls  it  sub- 
stance scKsibUUatrice.  Ehrlich  refers  to  it  as  the  immune 
body.  It  is  specific;  i.  c.,  it  appears  only  on  call  of  the 
corresponding  bacterium,  although  normal  scrum  is  said  to 
contain  a  small  amount  of  non-specific  amboceptor.  It  is 
comparatively  stable,  resisting  usually  a  temperature  of  70° C. 
for  an  hour.  Its  function  is  to  sensitize  the  bacterium  calling 
it  forth,  and  thus  to  prepare  it  for  the  joint  digestive  action 
of  amboceptor  and  complement.  Complement  is  a  principle 
which  is  always  present  in  the  normal  blood  serum  of  animals 
and  man.  It  is  spoken  of  under  various  names — complement 
(Ehrlich),  alexin  or  cytase  (French  authors).  It  is  relatively 
unstable,  being  rapidly  destroyed  at  60° C.  It  is  not  specific; 
it  is  not  increased  by  the  process  of  immunization.  Its 
function  is  to  digest  infectious  agents  after  they  have  been 
sensitized    or   prepared   for   digestion    by   amboceptor. 

The  specific  power  of  the  blood  serum  to  digest  and  de- 
stroy a  certain  bacterium  is  enormously  increased  by  the  im- 
munizing process,  i.  c.,  the  process  that  goes  on  in  the  animal 
body  after  the  introduction  of  the  bacterium.  The  serum  of 
an  immunized  animal  is  called  immune  serum.  In  its  rela- 
tion" to  the  bacterium  that  called  it  forth,  it  is  ho>nologous. 

It  is,  of  course,  proper  to  infer  that  the  blood  serum  of 
the  individual  suffering  with  an  infectious  disease  contains 
homologous  immune  serum,  and  that  such  serum  contains 
specific  proteolytic  amboceptor.  Consequently,  when  an  ordi- 
nary bacterin  is  injected  there  ought  to  be  sufficient  specific 
amboceptor  in  the  patient's  blood  serum  to  prepare  the  in- 
jected bacterium  for  digestion  by  the  body  cells  and  sufficient 
complement  present  to  digest  it.  But  the  fact  that  the  in- 
vading bacteria  are  both  stimulating  the  body  cells  to  pro- 
duce enzymes  and  are  using  up  the  enzymes  produced, 
should  not  be  lost  sight  of.  Therefore  it  is  of  great  ad- 
vantage to  sensitize  the  bacterin  before  injecting  it  and  thus 
to  insure  its  immediate  digestion  when  used  as  a  therapeutic 
agent. 

This  advantage  is  the  more  apparent  when  the  sensitized 
bacterin  is  employed  as  a  prophylactic.  The  British  Army 
Commission  concluded  from  their  investigations  of  typho- 
bacterin immunization  against  typhoid  fever  that  eight  or 
ten  days  elapse  after  injecting  the  bacterin  before  an  im- 
munizing response  occurs.  Besredka  and  his  followers  claim 
that  an  efficient  immunizing  response  follows  the  injection 
of  a  sensitized  bacterin  in  from  24  to  48  hours.  The  great 
advantage  of  this  fact   in  combatting  epidemics  is  apparent. 

The  claims  for  sensitized  bacterial  vaccines  made  by 
Besredka  are  thus  summarized :  ( 1 )  They  produce  but  slight 
local  reaction  (inflammation  at  the  site  of  injection);  (2) 
they  cause  no  general  reaction  (malaise,  increased  tempera- 
ture, etc.);  (3)  they  may  be  given  in  much  larger  doses  and 
much  more  frequently  than  the  unsensitized  bacterins  (every 
24  hours)  ;  (4)  the  immunizing  effect  is  almost  immediate 
(manifesting  itself  within  from  24  to  48  hours);  (5)  they 
sometimes  give  successful  results  in  very  late  stages  of  a 
disease  when  no  response  is  secured  from  the  ordinary 
bacterins   and   even  serum   treatment   is   ineffective. 

In  one  of  his  most  recent  articles,  Besredka  states  ;* 
"Whatever  the  nature  of  the  virus,  whether  the  microbes  of 
plague,  dysentery,  cholera,  or  typhoid  fever,  or  whether  the 
virus  of  rabies,  or  the  toxin  of  diphtheria,  whether  the 
microbes  are  killed  or  living,  sensitization  confers  upon  them 
properties  which  convert  them  into  vaccines  of  the  first  order, 
possessing  an  action  which  is  sure,  rapid,  inoffensive  and 
durable." 

This  brings  us  to  the  question  of  serums  as  prophylactic 
and   therapeutic   agents. 

{To    be    Continued) 


•Bull,    de   rinst.    Pasteur,    1912,    No.    12. 


Salol   Mouth   "Wash. 

Salol    Vi  ounce 

Thymol   22  grains 

Spirit  of  anise 96  minims 

Oil  of  peppermint 48  minims 

Elixir  of  gluside,   B.P ^  fl.  ounce 

Alcohol,  enough  to  make 20  fl.  ounces 

Dissolve  the  thymol  and  salol  in  10  fl.  ounces  of  alcohol, 
heating  gently  if  necessary;  then  add  the  oil  of  peppermint, 
spirit  and  anise,  elixir  of  gluside,  and  alcohol.     Filter. 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


455 


Office  Dispensing  and  the  Druggists  * 


By  O.  J.  S.  BOBEKG,  Eau  Claire,  Wis. 

THERE  can  scarcely  be  any  doubt  about  it  that  the  dis- 
pensing doctor  is  here  to  stay.  The  physicians'  supply 
houses  and  some  of  ths  manufacturing  pharmacists  will 
surely  see  to  it  that  there  be  no  retrograde  movement  in  the 
present  state  of  affairs.  It 
would  therefore  seem  that 
the  sensible  thing  to  do  for 
the  retail  druggist  is  to  try 
to  make  the  best  of  condi- 
tions as  they  are,  and  at  the 
same  time  endeavor  to  im- 
prove on  these  conditions. 
This  can  be  done,  in  more 
ways   than  one. 

If  the  druggist,  who  be 
wails  his  lost  prescription 
business  and  denounces  the 
dispensing  doctors,  would 
only  stop  to  think,  he  would 
soon  discover  that  the  chief 
causes  why  physicians  dis- 
pense are,  in  the  first  place, 
because  of  the  persistent 
work    done    by    the    traveling 

representatives    of    the    physi-  O.    J.    Boberg. 

cians'    supply  houses,   and,    in 

the  second  place,  because  of  his,  the  druggist's  own,  gradual 
perhaps,  unconscious  withdrawal  from  the  professional  side 
of  pharmacy. 

By  looking  over  the  contents  of  the  shelves  in  an  average 
drug  store  it  appears  that  more  time  is  being  spent  by  some 
druggists  listening  to  silver  tongued  oratory  from  members 
of  the  traveling  fraternity  and  loading  up  on  ready  made 
compounds,  with  more  or  less  free  goods  thrown  in,  than 
there  is  time  spent  by  the  same  druggists  in  making  U.  S.  P. 
or  N.  F.  galenical  preparations.  A  reversal  of  this  would, 
without  doubt,  soon  prove  beneficial  in  bringing  doctors  and 
druggists  nearer  together.  Many  of  the  simpler  preparations 
used  and  dispensed  by  physicians  can  easily  and  profitably 
be  made  by  the  druggist  and  sold  to  the  doctors  at  the  same 
prices  charged  by  physicians'  supply  houses  or  wholesale  drug 
houses.  Complicated  formulas,  requiring  more  time  in  putting 
up,  may  be  ordered  in  suitable  quantities  from  manufacturing 
pharmacists  and  kept  on  hand  when  wanted.  In  towns, 
where  there  are  several  dispensing  physicians  a  tablet  machine 
would,  no  doubt,  prove  a  good  investment.  Get  your  pharma- 
ceutical equipment,  make  or  buy  your  stock  and,  next,  get 
in  touch  with  the  physicians. 

Be  frank  with  the  doctor  and  have  him  thoroughly  under- 
stand that  you,  as  a  professional  pharmacist,  stand  ready  to 
serve  him  by  preparing  his  medicines,  be  it  by  filling  his 
prescriptions  or  furnishing  him  medicines  for  dispensing  pur- 
poses. Find  out  just  what  the  doctor  wants  and  start  right 
in  filling  his  orders,  at  prices  which  are  fair  to  the  doctor 
and  fair  to  yourself.  If  the  doctor  wants  a  certain  ointment, 
put  it  up  for  him  in  one  pound  lots,  or  in  one  ounce  jars,  a 
half  dozen  or  a  dozen  at  a  time.  If  a  doctor  wants  an 
antiseptic  solution  or  a  certain  elixir,  put  it  up  for  him  by 
the  quart  or  by  the  gallon. 

Buy  your  supply  of  gauze  bandages,  absorbent  cotton,  ad- 
hesive plasters,  clinical  thermometers,  hypodermic  syringes  and 
needles  in  quantity  lots,  direct  from  manufacturers,  so  as  to 
get  jobbers'  discount,  and  re-sell  to  the  physicians  at  jobbers' 
prices.  Keep  also  a  good  stock  of  biological  products,  such  as 
antitoxins,  bacterins  and  vaccine.  The  writer  has  worked  up 
a  nice  business  in  this  line  by  taking  care  always  to  have  on 
hand  a  fresh  supply,  which  is  kept  at  the  proper  low  tempera- 
ture, and  by  selling  all  biological  products  to  doctors  at  list 
price,  less  ten  per  cent.  Have  on  hand,  always,  a  supply  of  test 
tubes,  C.  P.  nitric  acid,  Fehling's  solution,  microscopical  stains 
and  other  items,  commonly  used  by  physicians  in  the  office. 
Call  the  doctor's  attention   to  the  splendid  formulas  contained 


in  the  N.  F.,  and  occasionally  offer  to  make  samples  of  U.  S.  P. 
and  N.  F.  preparations. 

By  proving  to  the  doctors  that  you  not  alone  are  willing 
to  serve  them,  but  that  you  have  the  ability  to  do  so,  and  the 
stock  to  do  it  with,  you  will,  no  doubt,  soon  gain  tlieir  good 
will,  and  it  is  not  at  all  unlikely  that  you  will  notice  an  in- 
crease in  your  prescription  business. 

Thus,  office  dispensing,  in  its  relation  to  the  retail  drug 
trade,  may  be  made  a  profitable  proposition  for  the  doctor  as 
well  as  for  the  druggist,  and  by  showing  some  activity  and 
making  the  efforts,  as  outlined  in  this  paper,  the  druggist, 
besides  the  financial  gain,  will  also  have  the  satisfaction  that 
he  has  done  his  duty  to  his  chosen  profession  as  a  pharmacist. 


Corrosive  Sviblimate  Antidote 


By  -WILLIAM  A.   HALL,  Ph.   B.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

WITH  the  publicity  attending  a  fatal  case  of  corrosive 
sublimate  poisoning  of  a  Southern  banker  a  few  months 
ago  and  as  usually  obtains  following  the  detailed  de- 
scription of  such  events  in  the  daily  press  a  marked  increase 
in  the  use  of  that  poison  for  suicidal  purposes,  the  thought 
must  have  occurred  to  many,  "How  best  to  divert  the  public 
attention  from  this  poison  and  what  is  an  effective  antidote?" 

It  is  not  for  us  to  discuss  the  surgical  methods  used  in  a  few 
cases  after  the  poison  has  entered  the  circulation,  but  what 
what  can  be  done  at  the  outset  in  the  way  of  mechanical  relief 
by  means  of  the  stomach  pump  and  emesis,  the  administration 
of  albumen  and  mucilage  or  oils  to  retard  the  absorption  in 
the  stomach  and  intestines.  These  general  points  will  all' 
occur  to  the  good  practitioner  but  he  wants  something  else  on 
which  he  can  rely  as  an  antidote.  Studying  over  these 
matters,  about  a  year  ago  an  idea  came  to  me  that  by  using 
one  of  the  general  alkaloidal  reagents  in  reverse  manner,  we 
could   solve   the  problem. 

Obviously  whatever  was  tried  should  be  safe  in  itself,  and 
not  make  a  bad  matter  worse,  and  also  the  employment  of 
medicines  beneficial  in  themselves  even  if  they  failed  in  attain- 
ing the  special  object  desired. 

With  such  limitations  I  settled  on  the  well  known  Mayer's 
Reagent  which  as  you  all  know,  is  a  solution  of  mercuric 
potassium  iodide,  a  general  precipitant  of  the  alkaloids. 
Selecting  quinine  as  the  alkaloid  to  harness,  I  considered  if 
we  could  administer  the  requisite  potassium  iodide  and  quinine 
in  solution,  after  emptying  the  stomach,  we  could  fill  out 
Mayer's  formula  and  the  result  would  be  (Mercuric  Chloride- 
Potassium  iodide — Quinine  salt)  insoluble  in  the  acid  gastric 
juice,  and  as  will  be  shown  later  insoluble  in  the  dilute 
alkaline  intestinal  liquids  as  certainly  as  we  can  tell  from 
bottle  reactions.  While  all  my  work  was  done  in  grammes, 
the  results,  excepting  Mayer's  formula  itself,  are  given  in. 
grains — the  more  popular  term.. 
Mayer's  reagent  N  1  —  20  is 

Mercuric    chloride     6.775  grammes 

Potassium    iodide 25.000  grammes 

Distilled  water  to  make  1  Litre. 
(You  will  notice  the  HgCL  to  KI  is  about  1  to  3.75) 
1  c.  c.  Mayer's  reagent  N  1  —  20  = 
.025         Potassium  iodide 
.006775  Mercuric  diloride 

precipitates    (approx.)    .0056  Quinine    (Lyons) 
Gravimetric  factor  for  alkaloid   (averaging,  Lyons)    .311 

It  is  stated  by  authorities   (U.  S.  D.)   that  Mayer's  solution- 
is HgI,-t-2KI,    but   on   the   basis  of   his  proportions   it   would 
seem  to  be  HgI,-|-<1KI. 
27"!        996 

HgCK-l-6KI  =  HgI,-f2KCl-f-4KI 

271    :  996      :   t  6.775    :  x  =  24.9 

6.775    :     25.     :   :  2  :  x  =     7.38 

6.775    :     24.9    :    :  2  :  x  =     7.35 

and  the  f'  rmula  seems  to  provide  a  slight  excess  of  potassium. 

iodide 

HgCL-l-4KI  =  HgI,-f-2KI-|-2KCl 
HgL-h2KI-hQCl— 2aq.  =  HgL— KI— QI  +  KCl 
corresponding  to 


•Read  before   the  Wisconsin   Ph.   A..   Delavan   Lake,   1914. 


•Read    before    the    A.    Ph.    A.,    Detroit    meeting,    1914. 


456 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[October,  1914 


Mercuric  chloride  2.     grains 

Potass,  iodide         4.9      "  Modified  Mayer's 

Quill,  muriat  4.        "       (2.91) 

Slower  in  precipitating  the  quinine  than  Mayer's  which  in 
grjins  would  call  for 

Mercuric  chloride  2.     grains 
Potass,  iodide        7.5       "  Mayer's 

Quin.  muriat  4.         "        (2.91) 

The  filtrates  in  both  bases  were  free  from  mercury 
(H.S  or  K.S).  The  modified  Mayer  filtrate  showed  very  sHglU 
test  for  iodine  (HXO3  + chloroform).  Filtrate  {rom  Mayer 
tested  a  little  stronger  but  still  slight. 

In  both  equations,  however,  there  is  no  appreciable  solvent 
action  of  the  potassium  iodide  in  solution  on  the  precipitate 
which  in  Mayer's  was  6.64  grains.  Modified  ]^Iayer's  4.00 
grains. 

Choosing  quinine  hydrochloride  because  of  its  solubility,  the 
following  formula  was  constructed: 

Mercuric  chloride    2  grains 

dissolved  in  H,0    2  ounces 

Quinine  hydrochloride  (large  excess)  .20      grains 

Potassium   iodide    7  .5  grains 

Hydrochloride    acid    10% 55      minims 

dissolved  in  H.O    4      ounces 

Mix  the  two  solutions  which  you  observe  contain  acid  to 
make  the  whole  2-10  of  1%  and  filter  after  two  hours  on  a 
tared  filter.  Wash  and  dry  to  constant  weight  on  the  water 
bath. 

Weight  dried  precipitate   6.64    grains 

Duplicate    6.625  grains 

To  determine  if  a  small  excess  of  potassium  iodide  in 
presence  of  quinine  muriate  has  an  appreciable  solvent  action 
on  the  precipitate  trial  was  made  using 

Mercuric  chloride   1       grain 

Potassium  iodide  7.5    grains 

Quinine    muriate     4       grains 

Xet  weight  of  precipitate  dried  on  water  bath  to  constant 
weight:    .210  gramme=3.24  grains 
which    is    practically    the    same    proportion    and    answers    the 
question   in   the   negative. 

Filtrate  evaporated  to  dryness  in  tared  dish  on  water  bath 
=  16.4  grains.  Using  the  gravimetric  factor  .311  (Lyons)  for 
the  alkaloid  and  calculating  the  salt  from  that  the  ppt.  of  6  64 
grains=2.54  QHCl. 

Residue   from  filtrate 16.4      grains 

Deduct  K  CI  (1  mol)      .553  grains 

Deduct   K I    (e.xcess)   .15     grains     .703  grains 

15.697  grains 
add    water    of    crystallization 1.57     grains 

17.267  grains 
20.-17.267  =  2.733  grains 

Two  grains  Mercuric  chloride  then  in  acid  solution  were 
precipitated  as  an  insoluble  mass  by  2.54  grs.  QHCl +  7.5  grs. 
potass,  iodide  in  aqueous  solution. 

Calculated  from  residue  of  filtrate. ..  .2  733  grs. 

Theoretically    from    above    formula. ..  .2.19     grs. 

Gm.    0.2    of    the    alkaloid    precipitate    was   rubbed    up    with 

250    c.    c.    2/10    of    1%    Xa.COj    solution,    shaken    vigorously 

at    frequent    intervals    for    several    hours,    filtered    and    residue 

on  tared  filter  evaporated  to  dryness  on  water  bath. 

Weight    of    residue Gm.     .180 

showing  the  maximum  solvent  action  of  the  dilute  alkali  to 
have  been  20  mg.,  or  less  than  %  grain.  As  some  of  the 
mercuric  antiseptic  tablets  sold  contain  one-third  of  citric 
acid  the  action  of  that  acid  was  considered,  in  presence  of 
mercuric  chloride  on  albumen  solutions  and  also  on  the  anti- 
dote described  in  this  paper. 

With  the  antidote  no  hindrance  but  rather  a  more  complete 
precipitation   was   noted. 

With  albumen  solutions  the  following  reactions  were  ob- 
served : 

Solution  of  albumen  is  precipitated  by  HgClj  but  this  is  pre- 
vented if  an  appreciable  amount  of  citric  acid  is  previously 
added  to  the  mercury  solution. 
Mercuric  chloride-f-HCl  (1%)  is  precipitated  by  albumen, 
insoluble  in  excess  of  HCl  and  practically  insoluble 
in  citric  acid  (large  excess). 


Mercuric  chloride  +  Citric  acid  is  not  precipitated  by  albumen 
e.vcept  in  rather  large  excess,  but  on  further  addition  of 
dilute  HCl  (1%)  a  copious  precipitate  occurs.  In  case 
you  have  added  a  large  excess  of  albumen  there  is  no 
mercuric  salt  in  the  filtrate  (H,S). 

.•\lbumen  (in  excess)  acidulated  with  1%  HCl  remains  clear; 
but  on  further  addition  of  .1%  mercuric  chloride  solution 
a  heavy  precipitate  falls.  The  filtrate  shows  a  faint 
yellow  coloration  with  H.S  but  no  ppt.  even  on  standing. 

Mercuric  chloride    (1%)-|-HC1    (l%)=no  ppt. 

On  further  addition  of  albumen  a  heavy  precipitate  un- 
changed by  adding  HCl  in  e.xcess. 

Mercuric  chloride  +  albumen  in  excess,  a  light  precipitate 
partially  soluble  at  first  in  HCl  but  precipitating  again 
shortly. 

Mercuric  chloride  +  Citric  acid  is  not  precipitated  at  first, 
but  adding  albumen  in  large  excess  a  precipitate  falls 
and  on  further  addition  of  HCl  a  copious  precipitate  falls. 
Xo  mercury  in  filtrate. 

To  sum  up : — Remove  the  stomach  contents  as  thoroughly  as 
possible;  give  plenty  white  of  eggs  and  remove  in  the  best 
way,  then  for  everj-  2  grains  of  mercuric  chloride  supposed 
to  have  been  taken  administer  the  following: 

Potassium   iodide    7.35  grains 

Quinine    hydrochloride     4.       grains 

Dissolved   in   water    4        ounces 

It  forms  a  precipitate  with  the  mercuric  chloride,  insoluble 
in  dilute  acids  or  alkali  carbonates  (.29o).  While  investigating 
these  reactions  I  found  another  equation  using  4.9  grains 
potassium  iodide  would  work,  but  the  precipitation  is  not  so 
rapid  or  complete,  nor  does  the  precipitate  separate  as 
quickly,    an    important    point. 

A  solution  could  be  kept  on  hand  ready  for  use  of  the 
formula  above  with  the  addition  of  HCl  to  make  it  2/10  of  1%. 

The  study  and  analyses  of  tlie  subject  are  somewhat  intri- 
cate and  perplexing,  especially  as  to  the  composition  of  the 
precipitate  w-ith  Mayer's  reagent  but  the  results  for  our  pur- 
pose seem  clear,  well  defined  and  simple.  The  well  known 
chemicals  Quinine  Muriate  and  Potassium  Iodide  are  obtain- 
able at  any  good  drug  store  and  with  the  proportions  given, 
good  results  may  be  expected  in  accordance  with  my  tests. 
A  notable  excess  of  the  iodide  is  to  be  avoided,  an  excess  of 
quinine  does  not  harm  but  the  proportions  given  should  be 
followed. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  these  suggestions  of  the  writer  will  be 
tried  physiologically,  and  medical  men  use  the  results  given  in 
this  paper  to  help  solve  a  serious  problem. 


New  Remedies 


lodeol  is  an  electrically  prepared  colloidal  suspension  of 
iodine,  of  20  per  cent,  strength,  in  sterile  oils,  and  is  extremely 
active.  It  is  administered  in  tuberculosis,  etc.,  by  intramuscular 
injection  or  is  taken  internally. 

Castycal  contains  chestnut  leaves,  thyme,  and  potassium 
sulpho-guaiacolate,  with  aromatics.  It  is  to  be  employed  in 
all  affections  of  the  lungs,  influenza,  grippe,  asthma,  etc. 

Gramonervin  is  a  new  hay-fever  remedy  which  contains 
butyl-chloral  hydrate  and  calcium  glycerophosphate  in  tablet 
form. 

Thigan  is  said  to  be  a  combination  of  thigenol  and  silver, 
containing  1  mg.  of  silver  in  each  cc.  It  is  used  by  injection 
in  gonorrhea. 

HaemapMlin  contains  iron  "caseino-tartrate,"  calcium 
glycerophosphate,  sodium  salts,  carbohydrates,  and  45  per  cent, 
of  cacao.     It  is  recommended  in  chlorosis,  anemia,  rachitis,  etc. 

Kleol  is  a  substitute  for  mastisol,  consisting  of  \'enice 
turpentine,  mastic,  rosin,  and  colophony,  dissolved  in  alcohol. 

Gynormon  is  a  stable  ovarian  preparation,  each  tablet  of 
0.25  g.  representing  0.5  g.  of  fresh  pig's  ovaries. 

Menogen  is  an  ovarial  preparation  with  iron  and  arsenic, 
consisting  of  a  mixture  of  Arsen-metaferrin  with  Gynormon. 
It  is  used  in  doses  of  1  to  2  tablets  daily,  in  menstrual  dis- 
turbances. 


October,  1914] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


457 


Proprietaries  in  Great  Britain 

{From  our  London  correspondent) 

THE  report  of  the  Parliamentary  Committee  on  Proprie- 
tar>-  iledicines  which  has  been  long  awaited  has  now 
made  its  appearance.  It  constitutes  a  powerful  and 
fearless  attack  on  the  patent  medicine  interests,  and  there  can  be 
no  denying  that  the  character  of  the  report  comes  as  a  shock 
to  the  proprietors.  The  report  is  a  very  lengthy  one  but  I 
will  endeavor  to  give  as  fair  a  summary  as  possible  in  a 
brief  space.  At  the  outset  I  should  mention  that  the  Com- 
mittee examined  42  witnesses,  of  whom  a  large  number 
represented  proprietary  medicine  interests,  and  that  the  ob- 
ject of  the  inquirj'  w-as  to  consider  what  alteration  in  the 
law  is  necessary  to  check  abuses  connected  with  the  traffic. 
The  Value  of  the  Trade 
Evidence  showed  that  something  like  $15,000,000  are  spent 
in  Great  Britain  each  year  on  proprietary  medicines,  and  the 
following  details  give  some  idea  of  the  value  of  individual 
concerns : — The  annual  turnover  of  the  proprietor  of  "Beecham's 
Pills,"  selling  over  a  million  pills  a  day,  Sundays  included,  is 
about  $1,800,000  a  year.  The  proprietors  of  "Siegel's  S>Tup," 
who  have  sold  100  million  bottles  in  forty  years,  pay  upwards 
of  5200,000  a  year  in  wages  alone.  The  proprietors  of  "Win- 
camis"  spend  on  advertising  $250,000,  employing  between  thirty 
and  forty  persons  in  their  advertising  bureau.  "Elmer  Shirley" 
spent  at  one  time  $5,000  a  week.  The  proprietors  of  "Daisy" 
powders,  a  comparatively  small  business,  spend  $15,000  a  year. 
The  late  A.  L.  Pointing  is  believed  to  have  spent  $100,000 
a  year  in  advertising  an  "alcohol  cure"  called  "Antidipso." 
At  his  death   he   left   $400,000. 

America's  Share  in  the  Trade 
The  only  reference  in  the  Report  to  the  United  States 
(with  the  exception  of  a  summarj'  of  American  legislation) 
is  the  following  paragraph : — "There  is  no  record  at  the 
Custom  House  of  the  importation  of  these  preparations.  It 
is  therefore  impossible  to  discover  from  our  own  records  the 
respective  proportion  of  home-made  and  imported  remedies, 
but  without  doubt  a  large  quantity  comes  from  the  United 
States.  Professor  Cushny  stated  that  this  has  increased  of 
late,  owing  to  greater  restrictions  upon  their  sale  there.  .■\s 
he  put  it:  "'We  are  getting  the  benefit  of  the  legislation  of 
the  United  States.  We  are  getting  a  lot  of  quack  remedies 
which  were  formerly  confined  to  the  United  States."  These 
enter  free  of  all  import  duty  except  upon  their  content  of 
materials  in  themselves  dutiable.  One  witness  quoted  an 
official  American  statement  to  the  effect  that  "about  15,- 
000,000  packages  of  proprietary  remedies  were  exported  from 
the  United  States  to  this  country  in  1911  of  a  total  value 
of    about    $2,000,000." 

Absence  of  Restrictive  Legislation 
The  situation  as  regards  the  sale  and  advertisement  of 
proprietary  medicines  is  summarized  in  one  sentence  as  fol- 
lows:— For  all  practical  purposes  British  law  is  powerless  to 
prevent  any  person  from  procuring  any  drug  or  making  any 
mixture  whether  potent  or  without  any  therapeutical  activity 
whatever  (so  long  as  it  does  not  contain  a  scheduled  poison), 
advertising  it  in  any  decent  terms  as  a  cure  for  any  disease 
or  ailment,  recommending  it  by  bogus  testimonials  and  the 
invented  opinions  and  facsimile  signatures  of  fictitious  physi- 
cians, and  selling  it  under  any  name  he  chooses,  on  the 
payment  of  a  small  stamp  duty,  for  any  price  he  can  per- 
suade a  credulous  public  to  pay.  The  Report  gives  a  number 
of  instances  in  which  extravagant  and  fraudulent  claims  are 
made  by  proprietors  of  secret  medicines  and  among  the 
examples  are  the  names  of  many  remedies  that  are  known 
all   over   the   world. 

The  Recommendations 
The    conclusion    arrived    at    by    the     Committee    and     the 
recommendations    made    constitute,    of    course,    the    most    im- 
portant   part    of    the    Report.      Briefly,    the    most    important 
points   are   as   follows: 

(1)  That  proprietary  remedies  are  of  widely  differing 
characters,  comprising  (a)  genuine  scientific  preparations; 
(b)  unobjectionable  remedies  for  simple  ailments;  and  (c) 
many  secret  remedies  making  grossly  exaggerated  claims  of 
efficacy,  causing  injurj'  by  leading  sick  persons  to  delay  in 
securing   medical   treatment,   containing   in   disguise   large   pro- 


portions of  alcohol,  sold  for  improper  purposes,  professing 
to  cure  diseases  incurable  by  medication,  or  essentially  and 
deliberately   fraudulent. 

(2)  That  this  last-mentioned  class  (c)  of  remedies  con- 
tains none  which  spring  from  therapeutical  or  medical 
knowledge,  but  that  they  are  put  upon  the  market  by  ignorant 
persons,  and  in  many  cases  by  cunning  swindlers,  who  ex- 
ploit for  their  own  profit  the  apparently  invincible  credulity 
of    the    public. 

(3)  That  this  constitutes  a  grave  and  widespread  public 
evil. 

(4)  That  grave  injury  is  caused  to  the  public  by  the 
existing-  large  sale  of  medicated  wines. 

(5)  And  that  while  it  is  not  desirable  to  require  the 
exhibition  of  formulas  of  every  secret  remedy,  nevertheless 
it  is  improper  that  under  the  protection  of  the  law  enormous 
quantities  of  alleged  remedies  should  be  sold  the  composition 
of  which  is  unknown  to  any  person  except  the  manufacturers 
of  them;  and  that,  therefore,  the  formulas  of  all  secret 
remedies  should  be  required  to  be  commvmicated  to  a  com- 
petent officer  appointed  under  the  authority  of  a  Minister  of 
State,   but   that  such   formulas  should  not   be   di\Talged. 

Recommendations  of  the  Committee 

The  Committee  recommends   (1)    that  the  administration  of 

the  law  governing  the  advertisement  and  sale  of  patent,  secret, 

and    proprietary    medicines    and    appliances    be    co-ordinated 

and  combined  under  the  authority  of  one  Department  of  State. 

(2)  That  an  exact  and  complete  statement  of  the  In- 
gredients and  the  proportions  of  the  same  of  everv-  patent, 
secret,  and  proprietary  remedy;  of  the  contents  other  than 
wine,  and  the  alcoholic  strength  of  every  medicated  wine, 
and  a  full  statement  of  the  therapeutic  claims  made  or  to  be 
made;  and  a  specimen  of  every  appliance  for  the  cure  of 
ailments  other  than  recognized  surgical  appliances  be  fur- 
nished to  this  Department,  such  information  not  to  be  dis- 
closed except  as  hereinafter  recommended,  the  Department 
to  control  such  statement,  at  their  discretion,  by  analyses 
made    confidentially    by    the    Government    chemist. 

(3)  That  a  special  Court  or  Commission  be  constituted 
with  power  to  permit  or  to  prohibit  in  the  public  interest, 
or  on  the  ground  of  non-compliance  with  the  law.  the  sale 
and  advertisement  of  any  patent,  secret,  or  proprietary 
remedy  or  appliance,  and  that  the  Commission  appointed  for 
the  purpose  be  a  judicial  authority,  such  as  a  metropolitan 
police  magistrate  sitting  with  two  assessors,  one  appointed 
by  the  Department  and  the  other  by  some  such  body  as  the 
London    Chamber    of    Commerce. 

(4)  That  a  registration  number  be  assigned  to  ever>- 
remedy  permitted  to  be  sold,  and  that  ever\^  bottle  or  package 
of  it  be  required  to  bear  the  imprint  "R.X."  (with  the 
number)  and  that  no  other  words  referring  to  the  registra- 
tion  be   permitted. 

(5)  That  the  Department  be  empowered  to  require  the 
name  and  proportion  of  any  poisonous  or  potent  drug  form- 
ing an  ingredient  of  any  remedy  to  be  exhibited  upon  the 
label. 

(6)  That  everj-  medicated  wine  and  every  proprietary 
remedy  containing  more  alcohol  than  that  required  for  phar- 
macological purposes  be  required  to  state  upon  the  label  the 
proportion   of   alcohol    contained    in    it. 

(7)  That  the  advertisement  and  sale  (except  the  sale  by 
a  doctor's  order)  of  medicines  purporting  to  cure  the  fol- 
lowing diseases  be  prohibited :— Cancer,  consumption,  lupus, 
deafness,  diabetes,  paralysis,  fits,  epilepsy,  locomotor  ataxia, 
Bright's  disease,   rupture    (without  operation  or  appliance). 

(8)  That  all  advertisements  of  remedies  for  diseases 
arising  from  sexual  intercourse  or  referring  to  sexual  weak- 
ness   be    prohibited. 

(9)  That  all  advertisements  likely  to  suggest  that  a 
medicine  is  an  abortifacient  be  prohibited. 

(10)  That  it  be  a  breach  of  the  law  to  change  the  com- 
position of  a  remedy  without  informing  the  Department  of 
the   proposed   change. 

(11)  That  fancy  names  for  recognised  drugs  be  subject 
to    regulation. 

(12)  That  the  period  of  validity  of  a  name  used  as  a 
trade  mark  for  a  drug  be  limited,  as  in  the  case  ot  patents 
and   copyrights. 


458 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[October,  1914 


(13)  That  it  be  a  breach  of  the  law  to  give  a  false  trade 
description   of   any   remedy. 

There  are  other  recommendations  but  the  above  are  the  most 
important.  These  proposals  cannot  of  course  take  effect 
until  they  are  embodied  in  an  Act  of  Parliament.  It  is 
improbable  that  any  steps  will  be  taken  to  introduce  legisla- 
tion at  present,  but  in  due  course  a  Bill  is  sure  to  be  framed 
to  give  effect  to  the  recommendations. 


Jottings  from  Great  Britain 

(By    our    London    correspondent) 
Pharmacists  and  the   War 

YOU  will  no  doubt  be  wondering  what  effect  the  great 
European  War  is  having  on  pharmacists  in  Great 
Britain.  The  fact  is  that  it  is  having  surprisingly  little 
effect  except  that  prices  of  something  like  a  hundred  drugs 
have  advanced  very  considerably — but  with  this  aspect  I 
shall  deal  in  the  ne.xt  paragraph.  It  is  true  that  many  young 
pharmacists  have  volunteered  to  fight  and  that  business, 
especially  in  "side  lines"  is  much  quieter  but  noticing  has 
happened  as  yet  to  cause  any  widespread  loss  or  incon- 
venience. You  could  make  a  tour  of  English  pharmacies, 
in  fact,  without  observing  any  difference  in  the  state  of  affairs 
as  compared  with  an  ordinary  summer  season.  Of  course 
the  war  is  the  one  topic  of  conversation  but  nobody  is  down- 
hearted and  everybody  looks  on  the  bright  side  of  things. 
The  price  of  food  is  practically  normal;  one  or  two  articles 
are  slightly  dearer,  but  on  the  other  hand,  fruit  is  abnor- 
mally cheap  and  on  the  whole  housekeeping  expenses  are 
unchanged. 

The  War  and  the  Prices  of  Drugs 

It  goes  without  saying  that  one  of  the  effects  of  the  war 
has  been  a  considerable  increase  in  the  price  of  drugs. 
Nearly  all  drugs  are  affected  to  some  extent  but  especially 
those  which  are  either  made  on  the  Continent  or  those 
in  the  manufacture  of  which  raw  material  of  German  origin 
is  essential.  Some  examples  are  as  follows: — Acetanilide 
has  doubled  in  price;  acetyl  salicylic  acid  has  quadrupled; 
artificial  benzoic  acid  has  doubled  as  also  has  carbolic  acid 
while  permanganate  of  potash  has  trebled;  gallic  acid,  tan- 
nic acid,  bromides,  cantharides,  citric  acid,  cocaine,  phena- 
cetin,  antipyrin  and  sulphonal  are  at  least  doubled  in  price. 
The  above  are  only  a  few  examples.  Among  drugs  which 
have  not  been  affected  to  the  same  extent  are  opium  and  its 
alkaloids,  quinine,  mercurials,  cod  liver  oil,  etc.  Resorcin 
is  about  four  times  the  normal  price  and  chloral  hydrate 
three  times.  There  is,  however,  nothing  in  the  nature  of  a 
panic  and  doctors  have  been  instructed  by  the  Government 
to   be  as   economical   as   possible   in   prescribing. 

Shortly  after  the  outbreak  of  the  war  information  came 
into  the  possession  of  the  Government  indicating  that  specu- 
lative purchases  were  taking  place  of  certain  drugs  of  value 
to  the  community,  the  supply  of  which  was  at  present  limited. 
The  Government  has  therefore  extended  to  drugs  the  Act 
which  enables  the  Board  of  Trade  during  the  present  war 
to  take  possession  of  food-stuffs  in  the  public  interest.  This 
Act  has  now  been  put  in  force  to  prevent  holders  of  stocks 
of  commodities  which  are  in  restricted  supply  in  conse- 
quence of  the  war  from  unreasonably  keeping  such  stocks 
off  the  market.  The  measure  empowers  the  Government  to 
require  any  person  who  is  ordered  so  to  do  to  give  particulars 
of  any  drug  of  which  he  is  the  owner;  the  Government  is 
also  empowered  to  enter  premises  for  the  purpose  of  testing 
the  accuracy  of  the  information  supplied  by  the  holder,  and 
to  take  possession,  under  certain  conditions,  of  any  sup'- 
plies  that  are  being  unreasonably  withheld  from  the  market, 
paying  the  owners  such  price  as  may  be  decided  to  be 
reasonable.  These  precautions  have  prevented  undue  ad- 
vances in  prices.  The  position  is  well  summed  up  by  one 
of  the  leading  firms  of  wholesale  druggists  who  point  out 
that: — Many  articles  made  in  this  country  are  dependent  for 
one  or  more  ingredients  on  a  country  affected  by  the  war  (as 
Epsom  salt).  Many  articles  are  manufactured  or  grown 
only  in  Germany  and  Austria,  with  which  countries  we  are 
at  war,  and  so  cannot  be  replaced  until  the  war  is  over  (as 
salicylates  and  many  synthetic  chemicals).  Other  articles 
come  from  France,  Russia  and  Belgium,  which  are  in  a  state 


of  war.  and  in  consequence  the  goods  cannot  be  transported 
Ironi  llie  factories  to  a  port  for  shipping  (as  French  essen- 
tial oils,  Russian  ergot,  etc.).  There  is  also  a  difficulty 
in  getting  goods  from  countries  that  are  neutral  (as  olive 
oil  from  Italy  and  oil  of  lemon  from  Sicily),  as  exportation 
is  precluded.  Many  articles  have  been  bought  up  by  the 
Government  to  satisfy  the  requirements  of  the  Navy  and 
Army  and  must  remain  scarce  until  new  supplies  can  be 
eitlier    manufart\n'ed    or    inijiortod. 

The  War  and  Synthetic  Drugs 

Parliament  has  passed  an  emergency  Act  giving  facilities  to 
British  subjects  to  use  patents  granted  to  Germans  and  Aus- 
trians,  and  manufacturers  are  making  provision  for  the  manu- 
facture of  synthetic  drugs  and  fine  chemicals.  The  Govern- 
ment has  also  appointed  a  committee  to  consider  and  advise 
as  to  the  best  means  of  obtaining  for  the  use  of  British  in- 
dustry sufficient  supplies  of  chemical  products,  colors  and 
dyestuffs  of  kinds  hitherto  mainly  imported  from  Germany. 
A  New  Bankruptcy  Act. 

A  new  bankruptcy  act  has  just  come  into  force  which 
strengthens  very  considerably  the  law  concerning  insolvent 
debtors.  It  is  enacted  in  one  of  its  provisions  that  a  foreigner, 
who  though  resident  abroad  carries  on  business  in  England, 
or  is  a  member  of  a  firm  carrying  on  business  in  England, 
may  be  made  bankrupt,  thus  revising  a  judicial  decision  of  the 
House  of  Lords  under  the  previous  law.  It  makes  it  an 
offence  for  any  insolvent  person,  who  has  on  any  previous 
occasion  been  adjudged  bankrupt,  to  fail  to  keep  proper  books 
of  account,  and  it  makes  it  a  criminal  offence  for  any  person 
who  has  been  adjudged  bankrupt  to  have  materially  con- 
tributed to  or  increased  the  extent  of  his  insolvency  by  gam- 
bling or  by  rash  and  hazardous  speculation  unconnected  with 
his  trade.  An  undischarged  bankrupt,  who  obtains  credit  to 
the  extent  of  $50  or  upward  without  informing  the  creditor 
that  he  is  an  undischarged  bankrupt,  is  liable  to  prosecution, 
and  an  undischarged  bankrupt,  who  trades  under  an  assumed 
name  without  disclosing  his  position,  commits  an  offence.  The 
new  act  also  brings  married  women  within  the  law. 
The   Late   T.   J.    Barratt. 

T.  J.  Barratt,  managing  director  of  the  Pears'  Soap  busi- 
ness, died  on  April  26  at  the  age  of  72.  He  was  a  pioneer 
in  the  modern  method  of  advertising,  and  was  well  known  in 
America.  At  the  Philadelphia  Centennial  in  1876  there  was  a 
tendency  among  exhibitors  to  show  things  a  hundred  years  old. 
One  American  house  displayed  a  carpet  that  had  been  im- 
ported in  1776  and  used  until  threadbare.  Mr.  Barratt  thought 
he  would  go  one  better,  and  as  he  happened  to  have  a  cake 
of  Pears'  .Soap  which  was  50  years  old  he  put  it  in  a  glass 
case  and  with  it  a  card  on  which  was  printed: 


This  piece   of  soap   is  half  as  old   as  the 
American  Constitution,  and  twice  as  good. 


At  the  same  exposition  he  recalled  the  circumstances  which 
led  to  the  formation  of  the  American  Republic  by  having 
printed  this  contrast. 


1776 

Import  duty  on  tea,  6c.  per  lb. 

1876 

Import   duty  on   Pears'   Soap,   20c.   per  lb. 


This,  said  Mr.  Barrett,  caused  such  consternation  among 
patriotic  Americans  that  the  British  Commissioner  had  to 
interfere  and  all  the  Pears'  placards  were  taken  down.  It  is 
estimated  that  Mr.  Barratt  spent  $15,000,000  in  advertising 
during  his  career. 

Working  Hours  for  Drug  Clerks. 
The  National  Amalgamated  Union  of  Shop  Assistants, 
Warehousemen  and  Clerks  is  promoting  a  bill  which  provides, 
among  other  things,  for  a  60-hour  week,  inclusive  of  meal- 
times; the  ultimate  aim  of  the  Union  is  a  "48-hour  working 
week."  Unless  the  mood  of  Parliament  changes  vastly  there  is 
little  hope  that  these  demands  will  be  satisfied. 


October,  1914]  THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA  459 

Commissioner  Goldwater  Explains  New  York  City's  New  Narcotic  Law 


In   an   Exclusive    Interview,   the    Commissioner  of  Health  Points  Out  the  Salient  Features  of  Section 
182,   and  Explains  the  Motives  TJnaerlying-  Its  Revision — Says  Drugg-ists  Will  Benefit 
Through  Increased  Prescription    Business — Other    Measures    for    Protection    of 
the    Public    Health    May    Be    Expected. 


Section  182  of  the  Sanitary  Code  of  the  City  of  New  York, 
relative  to  the  selling  of  opium  and  morphine  and  their  de- 
rivatives by  druggists,  was  amended  on  July  28th  at  a  meet- 
ing of  the  Board  of  Health  by  the  adoption  of  the  following 
resolution : — 

Resolved,  That  Section  182  of  the  Sanitary  Code  be  and  the 
same  is  hereby  amended,  to  take  effect  immediately,  so  as  to 
read  as   follows: 

Section  182.  No  cocaine  or  salts  of  cocaine,  alpha  or 
beta  eucain,  either  alone  or  in  combination  with  other 
substances  or  any  substance  under  any  other  name  giv- 
ing a  physiological  reaction  similar  to  the  physiological 
reaction  of  cocaine;  and  no  opium  or  preparation  of 
opmm,  and  no  morphine  or  salts  of  morphine,  and  no 
cannabis  indica  or  preparations  of  cannabis  indica,  or  the 
derivatives  of  either  or  any  of  the  substances  named 
herein,  shall  be  held  or  offered  for  sale  or  sold  or  given 
away  at  retail,  by  any  person  in  the  City  of  New  York, 
except  upon  the  written  prescription  of  a  duly  licensed 
physician,  veterinarian  or  dentist. 

Nothing  hereinbefore  mentioned,  however,  shall  apply 
to  compounded  mi.xtures  containing  opium  or  morphine 
or  cannabis  indica  or  their  derivatives  for  external  use  only, 
in  the  form  of  liniments,   ointments,   oleates  or  plasters. 

Under  the  unrevised  section,  druggists  were  permitted  to 
sell  compounded  mixtures  of  the  above-mentioned  drugs,  pro- 
vided the  formulas  were  in  conformity  with  the  standards  of 
the  U.  S.  P.  or  National  Formulary,  and  provided  that  the 
maximum  dose  of  such  mixtures  did  not  contain  more  than 
one-half  grain  of  powdered  opium  or  the  equivalent  of  its 
alkaloids,  the  opium  content  being  plainly  stated  on  the  label 
of  die  package  as  dispensed.  (Popular  mixtures  barred  from 
counter   sale.) 

The  revised  section  prohibits  the  druggist  from  selling 
without  a  prescription  such  common  remedies  as  brown 
mixture,  syrup  of  pine,  Warburg's  tincture.  Sun  or  any  of 
the  N.  F.  cholera  mixtures,  Stoke's  expectorant,  and  many  simi- 
lar preparations.  Many  retailers  affected  by  this  ruling  deem 
the  revised  section  to  be  a  direct  blow  at  the  druggist,  and 
some  have  even  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  revision  of 
the  section  was  merely  done  to  augment  the  practice  of 
physicians  in  New  York  City.  It  has  also  been  held  that  the 
revised  section  was  contrary  to  the  spirit  of  the  Boylan  law, 
which  permits  the  sale  in  New  York  State  of  mixtures  con- 
taining not  more  than  two  grains  of  opium,  one  grain  of 
codeine,  etc.,  without  a  prescription,  and  that  by  prohibiting 
the  New  York  City  druggist  from  selling  over  the  counter 
goods  that  could  be  sold  anywhere  in  the  State  outside 
of  the  corporate  limits  of  the  city,  a  discrimination  was 
being  made  against  the  city  druggist  which  was  unwise  and 
unlawful  as  well. 

In  order  to  present  in  a  fair  and  unbiased  manner  the 
motives  actuating  the  revision  of  this  statute,  the  Era  re- 
quested an  interview  with  Commissioner  Goldwater  on  the 
subject,  which  request  was  courteously  and  immediately 
granted.  In  addition  to  the  general  statement  which  Com- 
missioner Goldwater  made  he  referred  to  Deputy  Commis- 
sioner Haven  Emerson  for  full  information  as  to  the  cir- 
cumstances which  produced  the  revised  section.  Deputy 
Commissioner  Emerson  having  been  in  charge  of  the  work 
which  resulted   in   the   revision. 

The  Reason  for  the  New  Ordinance 

Deputy  Commissioner  Emerson  said,  in  commenting  on  the 
Section : — 

"The  conservation  of  public  health  is  the  ever-increasing 
aim  of  the  Board  of  Health,  and  the  revision  of  section  182 
was  made  solely  with  that  idea  in  view.  The  American 
people  have  been  falsely  educated  away  from  reliance  upon 
the  physician  for  competent  advice  and  attention  in  minor 
ailments,   and  the  resulting  habit  of  self-medication  is  leading 


to  harmful  and  dangerous  results.  We  believe  that  the  man 
who  is  sick  needs  the  doctor  first,  and  the  druggist  afterwards, 
and  that  much  unnecessary  suffering  and  economic  waste 
through  illness  would  have  been  prevented  had  the  sufferer 
gone  to  a  physician  w-hen  he  first  noticed  the  symptoms  of 
his  disease,  instead  of  depending  on  self-medication  until  the 
disease  had  progressed  so  far  that  prompt  and  strenuous  work 
was  often  necessary  on  the  part  of  the  tardily-called  physician 
to  prevent  chronic   illness,   or  possibly  death. 

"As  regards  the  so-called  home  remedies,  affected  by  this 
ruling,  such  as  brown  mixture,  Stoke's  expectorant,  syrup  of 
white  pine,  etc.,  we  believe  that  the  opium  or  morphine  con- 
tent makes  these  preparations  dangerous  unless  taken  under 
the  supervision  of  a  physician.  A  tablet  of  brown  mixture 
contains  1/25  of  a  grain  of  opium.  The  druggist  tells  the 
purchaser  to  take  a  tablet  every  hour  or  so  until  relieved. 
Many  people  argue  that  'if  one  is  good,  two  are  better,'  and 
the  patient  takes  a  tablet  as  often  as  he  thinks  about  it, 
possibly  every  half-hour,  until  in  the  course  of  a  day  he  has 
taken  twenty-five  or  thirty  tablets,  and  goes  to  bed  at  night 
practically  doped  from  the  grain  or  more  of  opium  he  has 
taken  during  the  day.  The  use  of  paregoric  in  the  treatment 
of  children's  ailments  is  liable  to  be  pernicious,  unless  given 
under  and  according  to  physician's  advice,  and  the  child's 
health  suffers  through  the  constant  sedative  action  of  the 
drug  which  his  mother  buys  by  the  bottle  and  administers 
by  the  spoonful  whenever  he  cries.  Paregoric  fiends  are  by 
no  means  uncommon,  and  any  drug  that  is  capable  of  pro- 
ducing an  appetite  for  it  is  best  kept  away  from  free  access 
by  the  general   public. 

"Some  two  or  three  years  ago  the  hospitals  in  New  York 
City  gave  up  the  use  of  opium  entirely,  and  substituted  other 
less  harmful  sedatives  because  of  the  insidious  action  of  the 
drug. 

"This  revised  section  will  in  a  large  measure  awaken  the 
public  mind  to  the  dangers  which  lurk  in  the  use  of  mix- 
tures containing  habit-forming  drugs.  The  Pure  Food  and 
Drugs  Act  did  more  to  arouse  people  to  the  dangers  in  the 
use  of  artificially  colored  and  preserved  foods,  and  alcohol- 
saturated  preparations,  than  did  all  the  hygienic  movements 
of  the  previous  t\¥enty  years.  So  will  this  statute,  properly 
enforced,  awaken  people  to  the  fact  that  mixtures  with  an 
opium  or  morphia  content  are  injurious  and  should  be  shunned. 
The  revised  statute  does  not  cause  any  loss  of  sales  to  the 
druggist,  by  prohibiting  him  from  selling  the  common  reme- 
dies to  which  reference  has  been  made.  For  instance,  War- 
burg's tincture,  containing  opium,  cannot  now  be  sold  over 
the  counter,  but  Warburg's  tincture,  without  opium,  can  be 
sold  to  anyone  asking  for  it.  This  preparation,  with  and 
without  opium,  has  been  freely  sold  to  the  public  heretofore, 
as  has  the  same '  tincture  with  and  without  aloes.  If  this 
preparation  has  been  prepared  and  used  successfully  without 
the  opium  content,  then  these  other  mixtures  can  be  prepared 
without  the  sedative  ingredients,  and  lose  nothing  of  their 
real  therapeutic  value,  so  that  under  the  new  ruling,  when  a 
man  asks  for  brown  mixture  tablets,  he  can  get  a  bottle  of 
tablets,  without  opium,  which  will  have  just  as  much  effect 
on  his  cold  as  though  the  opium  were  present.  He  will  not 
be  doing  the  wisest  thing,  which  would  be  to  obtain  medical 
advice  in  the  treatment  of  his  cold,  but  he  will  at  least  be 
taking  a  medicine  which,  whether  it  helps  him  or  not,  cannot 
harm  him  through  its  sedative  or  habit-forming  content." 
Commissioner  Goldwater  Explains  the  New  Ruling 
Commissioner  Goldwater  reiterated  the  idea  expressed  by 
Deputy  Commissioner  Emerson  concerning  self-medication  and 
its  prevention.  "The  general  intent,"  he  said,  "of  the  revised 
section  is  to  curtail  to  some  degree  the  promiscuous  and 
dangerous  self-medication  so  common  in  this  country  at  the 
present  time,  a  habit  which  is  one  of  the  most  deadly  factors 
in   existence   against   a    better   public   health.      For   example,    a 


460 


THE    PHARJIACEUTIOAL   ERA 


[October,  1914 


roan  may  be  suffering  from  an  incipient  tubercular  affection, 
an  1  he  develops  a  cough.  He  goes  to  the  druggist,  who  gives 
him  one  of  the  popular  cough  mixtures,  which  probably  con- 
tains opium  or  morphine.  The  mi.xture  may  ease  the  cough, 
and  allay  the  pain,  but  the  tubercular  infection  is  growing 
worse  all  the  time,  and  when  the  man  finally  goes  to  a  physi- 
cian he  has  passed  from  the  curable  to  a  more  advanced 
stage,  and  the  final  result  of  his  delay  may  be  death.  If  this 
man  were  discouraged  from  buying  medicines  without  a 
prescription  he  would  have  gone  to  a  physician  in  the  first 
instance,  and  might  then  have  received  advice  and  treatment 
which  would  liave  resulted  in  the  arrest  of  his  disease  while 
still  in  the  early  stage  of  its  development.  The  manufacturers 
of  many  of  the  mi.xtures  affected  by  the  revised  section  claim 
that  the  opiate  content  in  their  remedies  is  so  small  as  to  be 
negligible.  If  this  is  so,  then  of  what  value  is  its  presence 
in  the  formula?  But  if,  as  it  is  more  logical  to  believe,  the 
opiate  is  present  to  such  an  extent  tliat  its  influence  is  felt, 
then  these  remedies  are  dangerous  because  they  mask  the 
symptoms  of  the  disease  by  allaying  pain,  and  every  physician 
knows  the  value  of  pain  as  a  guide  in  diagnosis.  Besides 
this,  I  believe  that  the  continued  use  of  a  mixture  containing 
opium  or  some  similar  drug  will  result  in  a  drug-habit. 

Boylan  Law  and  Revised  Statute  do  not  Conflict 

"The  revised  section  in  no  way  conflicts  with  the  Boylan 
law,  which  is  the  law  under  which  the  general  practice  of 
pharmacy  as  regards  the  sale  of  opiates  is  regulated  through- 
out the  State.  The  Boylan  law  does  not  state  that  a  druggist 
shall  be  allowed  to  sell  opium-containing  mixtures  without  a 
prescription,  but  it  merely  says  that  this  particular  law  does 
not  forbid  him  to  do  so.  The  Board  of  Health  has  the  right 
to  make  such  regulations  for  the  promotion  of  public  health 
in  its  jurisdiction  (New  York  City)  as  it  may  see  fit,  and 
it  may  impose  local  regulations  and  requirements  in  addition 
to  those  stated  in  the  statutes  of  the  Commonwealth.  This 
section  cannot  be  construed  as  being  discriminatory  from  the 
point  of  view  of  the  city;  it  does  discriminate  between  the 
city  and  the  rest  of  the  State,  but  so  also  does  every  local 
or  mtmicipal  ordinance.  Such  discrimination  is,  in  its  es- 
sence, home  rule.  While  the  ordinance  prevents  the  New 
York  City  druggist  from  selling  mixtures  that  his  confrere 
in  Buffalo,  for  instance,  can  sell,  still  the  city  druggist  is  able 
to  assure  his  customer  that  any  remedy  which  is  sold  over 
the  counter  cannot  induce  a  drug-habit  of  any  sort,  and  the 
increased  confidence  in  the  customer's  mind  relative  to  the 
harmlessness  of  the  remedies  he  buys  will  be  of  great  value 
to   the   druggist. 

"Section  182  was  revised  only  after  careful  consideration 
of  all  sides  of  the  question,  and  full  opportunity  was  afforded 
druggists  and  manufacturers  to  present  th(?ir  own  viewpoints. 
Does   the    New   Law    Foster   Unnecessary   Red    Tape? 

"Isn't  it  true,''  the  Commissioner  was  asked,  "that  a  man 
often  goes  to  a  physician,  suffering  from  a  cold,  and  the 
physician,  after  a  cursorv*  examination,  writes  a  prescription 
for  one  of  the  mixtures  affected  by  this  section,  so  that  the 
man  gets  the  same  medication  he  would  ordinarily  have  gotten, 
but  is  forced  to  pav  'prescription  prices'  for  it,  plus  the  doctor's 
bill?" 

"That  is  true,"  the  Commissioner  replied,  "in  the  case  of 
some  physicians  who  are  derelict  in  their  duty  and  for  whom 
their  brother  practitioners  have  the  profoundest  contempt. 
No  physician  worthy  the  name  will  offer  any  medical  advice 
until  he  has  made  a  thorough  examination  of  the  patient, 
and  while  many  mixtures  containing  opiates  are  prescribed, 
and  very  legitimately  so,  the  point  is  that  the  patient  does 
not  use  these  opium-filled  mixtures  until  the  physician  tells 
him  to  do  so,  and  the  physician,  knowing  what  the  man  is 
taking,  can  keep  proper  watch  over  him,  so  that  no  tmtoward 
effects   will    result    from    the    medication. 

"It  has  been  suggested  that  by  thus  forcing  a  man  to  go 
to  a  physician  we  are  gradually  building  up  a  monopoly  for 
physicians,  to  the  detriment  of  the  druggists,  and  the  financial 
benefit  of  the  physician.  Nothing  could  be  more  misleading. 
Monopolies  have  been  the  target  of  most  of  the  important 
federal  laws  which  w^ere  passed  during  the  last  few  years, 
and  if  this  measure  was  monopolistic  in  idea  or  execution 
it  would  be  wiped  off  the  statutes  in  much  less  time  that  it 
took  to  adopt  it.  Of  course,  if  this  section  encourages  patients 
to  consult  physicians,   the   druggist   will   profit  equally   through 


the  increased  business  in  the  prescription  department,  but 
the  purpose  of  the  law  is  purely  benevolent  and  not  economic. 
Again,  if  sufferers  adhere  to  the  practice  of  self-medication, 
«nd  ask  for  brown  mixture  tablets,  for  instance,  they  will 
cither  get  the  tablets  without  the  opium,  or  else  will  buy 
some  other  cold  tablet  which  contains  no  opiate.  In  that  case 
we  have  at  least  prevented  the  patient  from  drugging  himself 
with   a   mixture    in    which   habit-forming   dangers    lurk. 

"The  use  of  sedatives  of  any  kind,  without  proper  medical 
supervision,  is  dangerous  to  a  degree,  and  if  the  citizens  at 
large  do  not  know  the  deadly  effect  of  opiate-containing  mix- 
tures, then  the  health  officials  should  see  that  they  are  edu- 
cated into  that  knowledge,  and  also  that  they  are  protected 
against  their  own  ignorance,  if  you  please,  while  they  are 
being    educated. 

"The  whole  idea  of  the  revision  of  the  section  may  be 
summed  up  thus:  We  believe,  indeed,  we  know,  that  pro- 
miscuous self-medication  is  pernicious,  is  fraught  with  grave 
danger,  and  we  would  like  to  see  it  eradicated,  in  the  in- 
terests of  a  better  and  more  stable  public  health.  But  since 
we  cannot  do  away  with  this  insidious  evil,  we  can  at  least 
restrict  self-medication  to  those  mixtures  which  do  not  contain 
habit-forming  drugs,  and  thus  protect  the  people  who  are 
enmeshed  in  the  doubtful  practice  of  self-medication  from 
the  danger  that,  perhaps  unknown  and  unseen  to  most  of 
them,  lies  ready  to  strike  at  health,  happiness  and  life." 
Retailers'  Co-operation  Necessary  to  Enforce  the  Law 

When  asked  concerning  the  steps  that  would  be  taken  for 
the  enforcement  of  this  statute.  Commissioner  Goldwater 
stated  that  he  depended  upon  the  co-operation  of  the  drug- 
gist to  make  it  a  success.  "We  know  that  the  law  must 
have  the  hearty  support  of  the  retailer  if  it  is  to  accomplish 
the  object  for  which  it  was  created,"  he  said,  "and  I  am 
confident  that  every  rightminded  man  in  the  drug  trade  will 
lend  his  aid  toward  this  end.  The  drug  inspectors  will  of 
course  watch  for  violations,  and  will  have  offenders  arrested, 
the  same  as  offenders  against  the  cocaine  law  are  apprehended, 
but  we  hope  that  the  druggist  will  realize  the  great  public 
good  engendered  by  this  measure,  and  that  arrests  for  viola- 
tions  will    be    few   and    far   between." 

While  Commissioner  Goldwater  was  not  definite  upon  the 
question  of  the  immediate  rigid  enforcement  of  the  law, 
Deputy  Commissioner  Emerson  stated  that  there  was  no 
desire  on  the  part  of  the  Board  to  work  a  hardship  upon  the 
druggist  who  was  stocked  up  with  the  remedies  in  question. 
He  also  stated  that  the  manufacturers  of  proprietary  and 
other  remedies  containing  opiates  had  been  notified  of  the 
provisions  of  the  revised  section,  even  before  it  was  enacted 
into  law,  so  that  they  had  ample  time  to  change  their  for- 
mulas so  as  to  conform  to  the  new  ruling  in  their  prepara- 
tions intended  for  counter  sale.  "We  want  every  druggist," 
said  Dr.  Emerson,  "to  work  with  us  in  the  education  of  the 
public,  and  to  lend  his  efforts  to  the  great  campaign  which 
the  Board  is  making  for  better  and  more  lasting  public  health. 
This  revision  is  but  the  first  of  a  number  of  educative  and 
protective   measures   which  we  hope   to  see   in  effect. 


New   IT.   S.   P.   May  Be   Ready  in  July,    1915. 

In  reply  to  a  letter  from  the  Era,  asking  whether  the  Euro- 
pean War  would  have  any  effect  upon  the  publication  of  the 
Ninth  Revision  of  the  U.  S.  P.,  as  it  had  held  up  the  issuance 
of  the  new  British  Pharmacopoeia,  the  following  letter  was 
received  from  Professor  Remington,  under  date  of  Septem- 
ber 23rd:  "The  British  Pharmacopoeia  has  been  printed  and 
is  all  ready  for  distribution,  but  has  been  held  up  at  the 
last  moment  by  the  declaration  of  war.  I  am  unable  to  tell 
at  this  time  how  soon  the  embargo  will  be  lifted. 

"The  revision  of  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  is  pro- 
ceeding regularly  and  steadily.  The  printing  of  the  Appendix 
and  Tables  is  practically  finished  and  the  regular  printing  of 
the  text  will  begin  next  week.  If  no  unforeseen  events  occur, 
the  correction  of  the  proofs  and  other  work  should  be  com- 
pleted by  March  1st.  Three  or  four  months  must  then  elapse 
before  the  new  Pharmacopoeia  will  be  in  force.  This  will 
probably  make  the  date  July  1st,  1915 ;  but  this  date  cannot 
be  announced  officially  because  we  are  not  sufficiently  advanced 
to  say  anything  more  than  that  this  outlook  is  tentative. 
"\"ery  truly  yours, 

"Joseph   P.   Remington." 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


461 


Books  Reviewed 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  OF  EDUCATION  for  the 
vear  ended  June  30,  1913.  In  two  volumes.  Vol.  I,  931  pages; 
Vol.    II,    700   pages.      Washington,    Government    Printing    Office. 

An  examination  of  these  volumes  shows  that  they  constitute 
a  fairly  complete  resume  of  the  progress  of  education  in  the 
United  States  for  the  period  under  review  and  a  record  of  the 
most  important  events  connected  with  the  progress  of  education 
in  other  culture  countries.  An  interesting  fact  shown  by  the 
statistics  reported  is  that  the  number  of  pupils  of  all  ages 
enrolled  in  the  public  schools  was  18,182,937,  which  was  72  per 
cent,  of  the  total  estimated  number  of  children  of  school  age, 
and  a  slight  increase  over  the  previous  year.  Reduced  to  com- 
parative figures,  by  taking  the  daily  attendance  throughout  the 
country,  it  would  appear  that  the  average  number  of  days  of 
schooling  :or  children  of  school  age  was  only  90,  in  the  words 
of  the  Commissioner,  "a  dangerously  small  amount  of  schooling 
for  the  future  citizens  of  our  democratic  Republic." 

The  statistics  relating  to  professional  schools  show  a  decrease 
in  number  as  compared  with  the  previous  year,  the  decrease 
being  greatest  in  schools  of  medicine,  a  net  loss  of  7  schools  and 
1214  students,  6  per  cent,  of  the  total  number  of  schools  and 
7.6  per  cent,  of  the  total  number  of  students.  The  dental 
schools  decreased  by  four  in  number,  with  an  increase  of  825 
in  the  number  of  students.  In  the  schools  of  pharmacy  the 
statistics  remain,  relatively,  the  same,  the  75  schools  reporting 
having  a  total  o  784  instructors,  and  5938  men  and  277  women 
students.  The  total  number  of  graduates  for  1913  was  1813, 
73  of  whom  were  women.  From  the  general  summary  of  statis- 
tics of  professional  schools,  the  following  data  relating  to  col- 
leges of  pharmacy  are  of  interest ;  value  of  grounds  and  build- 
ings, $2,211,763;  endowment  funds,  $205,000;  benefactions, 
$54,284;  total  income,  $510,251;  volumes  in  library,   105,434. 


nently  practical  and  is  intended  to  familiarize  the  compounder 
with  the  underlying  principles  of  a  large  number  of  problems 
that  confront  him  in  his  work.  We  are  sure  it  will  answer  most 
of  the  questions  the  compounder  wants  answered  in  this  par- 
ticular field. 


CASPAR'S  TECHNICAL  DICTIONARY.  English-German  and 
German-English.  Compiled  by  C.  N.  Caspar,  6x4^  inches. 
264  pages.     Cloth,  $1.00.     C.    N.   Caspar  Co.,   Milwaukee,  Wis. 

The  character  of  this  book  is  very  accurately  described  by  the 
above  title,  the  definitions  given  covering  the  most  important 
words  and  terms  employed  in  technology,  engineering,  machin- 
ery, chemistry,  navigation,  shipbuilding,  electro-technics,  avia- 
tion, etc.,  particular  attention  having  been  given  to  the  selection 
of  words  and  phrases  that  have  been  coined  within  recent  years 
and  which  have  found  their  way  into  technical  literature.  As 
a  handy  word  book  for  the  American  reader  of  technical  litera- 
ture in  German,  this  dictionary  will  be  found  most  serviceable, 
and  it  well  supplements  any  large  or  small  general  dictionary 
of  the  languages  named.  It  should  prove  of  value  to  the 
pharmacist. 


ART  OF  COMPOUNDING.  A  text-book  for  students  and  a  refer- 
ence book  for  pharmacists  at  the  prescription  counter.  By 
Wilbur  L.  Scoville,  Ph.G.,  formerly  professor  of  theory  and 
practice  of  pharmacy  in  the  Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy; 
member  of  the  Eighth  Committee  of  Revision  of  the  U.S. P., 
etc.  Fourth  edition,  revised  and  enlarged  with  76  illustrations. 
8vo.,  390  pages.  Cloth,  $3.00.  Philadelphia.  P.  Blakiston's 
Son    &    Co. 

Previous  editions  of  this  book  have  been  of  such  a  high 
standard  that  they  have  held  first  place  in  the  libraries  of  dis- 
pensing pharmacists  and  on  the  prescription  counter  for  every- 
day use.  As  a  text-book,  this  new  edition  is  sure  to  commend 
itself  to  students  in  colleges  and  more  especially,  those  who  are 
preparing  for  board  examinations  in  practical  dispensing  phar- 
macy. The  author  has  apparently  kept  in  touch  with  the  latest 
deve'opments  in  the  various  fields  related  to  prescription  com- 
pounding, as  is  shown  by  his  treatment  of  colloid  chemistry  in 
relation  to  dispensing,  antisepsis  and  the  parenteral  administra- 
tion of  remedies  in  ampoules,  emulsions  from  the  phyto-chemi- 
cal  point  o*'  view,  biological  products,  etc.  The  book  contains  a 
very  large  number  of  prescriptions  representing  various  difficul- 
ties that  have  been  encountered  in  compounding.  These  pre- 
scriptions are  intelligently  discussed  and  methods  given  wherever 
possible  for  overcoming  these  difficulties.  For  the  purpose  of 
adding  interest  to  the  study  of  individual  prescriptions,  the 
author  has  compiled  and  presents  some  225  prescriptions  from 
State  Board  examinations,  the  idea  being  to  show  the  applicant 
for  registration  just  the  kind  of  prescriptions  he  is  likely  to 
meet  when  he  undertakes  an  examination.     The  book  is  emi- 


Van   Schaack   &   Sons  Price   Current 

This  volume,  the  annual  catalogue  of  Peter  Van  Schaack  & 
Sons,  the  "Old  Salamander  Drug  House,"  of  Chicago,  marks 
the  44th  consecutive  year  of  publication.  Like  its  predecessors, 
it  shows  evidence  of  careful  preparation  and  a  comprehensive 
knowledge  of  the  average  druggist's  wants,  both  in  the  number 
of  articles  listed  and  the  classes  of  goods  carried  by  jobbers. 
The  classification  of  the  different  departments  is  carefully 
indicated  at  the  top  of  each  page,  and  this  arrangement,  sup- 
plemented by  a  very  comprehensive  index,  enables  the  user  of 
the  book  to  locate  easily  any  item  named  in  the  pages.  An 
inspection  of  the  book  confirms  Peter  Van  Schaack  &  Sons' 
claim  that  the  book  "is  carefully  revised  each  year,  the  items 
and  lines  for  which  a  demand  has  ceased  being  eliminated, 
while  those  new  and  of  interest  to  the  progressive  druggist  have 
been  embodied." 


Eoure-Bertrand  Fils'  Bulletin 

The  April,  1914,  Bulletin,  issued  by  the  well-known  house 
of  Roure-Bertrand  Fils,  producers  of  essential  oils,  Grasse, 
France,  comes  to  hand  replete  with  information  relating  to  the 
scientific  investigation  and  industrial  conditions  of  the  perfume 
industry  throughout  the  world.  Part  I  contains  a  resume  of 
the  scientific  work  done  by  the  company's  own  experts;  Part  II 
consists  of  an  industrial  review  of  the  entire  industry,  while 
Part  III  is  a  review  of  recent  publications  and  investigations 
on  perfumes  and  essential  oils,  constituting  a  very  complete 
bibliography  of  the  present-day  literature  of  the  subject.  The 
Bulletin  is  embellished  with  three  full-page  illustrations  in  color 
and  reproducing  exhibits  shown  at  the  Agricultural,  Horticul- 
tural and  Industrial  Exposition  held  in  Grasse  last  March  and 
April.  There  are  also  page  plates  showing  exterior  and  interior 
views  of  Roure-Bertrand  Fils'  works  for  extraction  with  volatile 
solvents. 


Analysis  of  Printing  Inks 

A  procedure  of  analysis  of  printing  inks  has  been  developed 
by  the  Bureau  of  Standards,  Department  of  Commerce,  which, 
during  the  years  in  which  it  has  been  used,  has  been  found 
to  be  very  satisfactory.  Technologic  Paper  Number  39  is 
devoted  to  the  subject.  By  means  of  suitable  solvents,  the 
ink  is  divided  into  two  parts — oil  and  pigment.  The  oil  frac- 
tion is  analyzed  for  unsaponifiable  matter  and  rosin.  The 
former  may  consist  of  mineral  oils,  or  the  hydrocarbon  portion 
of  rosin  oil.  A  qualitative  test  for  rosin  oil  and  rosin  is 
given.  The  analysis  of  the  pigment  fraction  will  depend  very 
largely  on  the  color  of  the  pigment.  Methods  are  given  for 
the  determination  of  the  principal  constituents  of  the  more 
common  inks,  such  as  black,  red,  blue,  green,  etc.  The  paper 
contains  a  brief  discussion  of  the  relation  of  aniline  dyes  in 
the  inks  to  the  paper.  This  covers  the  question  of  the  per- 
manency of  the  blue  dyes  used  to  neutralize  the  yellow  color 
of  the  oil,  and  emphasizes  the  necessity  for  a  careful  selec- 
tion of  the  dyes  to  be  used.  Several  methods  for  the  deter- 
mination of  the  permanency  to  light  of  the  various  colored 
pigments   are    given. 

A  few  special  tests  for  some  abnormal  constituents  of  ink 
are  given.  They  are  not  considered  to  be  very  important. 
Figures  are  given  showing  how  closely  one  may  expect  dupli- 
cate determinations  on  the  same  sample  to  check,  based  on 
the  experience  of  this  Bureau  during  the  past  two  or  three 
years.  It  is  claimed  that  these  checks  are  at  least  as  close 
as  the  manufacturer  can  duplicate  his  ink  and  may  therefore 
be    considered    satisfactory    for    practical    purposes. 


Liquid   Tar  Soap 

Tar    200  grams 

Oleic   acid    400  grams 

Mix,  warm  slightly,  and  filter.     Then  warm  the  filtrate  on  a 
water-bath  and  neutralize  the  acid  by  adding  an  alcoholic  solu- 
tion of  potassium  hydroxide.     Then  add  100  grams  of  alcohol, 
a  small  amount  of  olive  oil,  and  bring  the  weight  of  the  finished 
product  up  to   1000  grams  by  the  addition  of  glycerin. 


462 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[October.  1014 


Syrup  of  L>actopliosphate  of  Lime,  Iron  and  Manganese 

Calcium  lactophosphate   1.00  gram 

Iron  lactate 0.25  gram 

Manganese   lactate    0.05  gram 

Distilled  water  3.70  grams 

Dissolve,  filter  and  add — 

Simple  syrup    60.00  grams 

Oil  of  lemon 1        drop 

Mbc. 

Elixir  of  Condurangt)  with  Peptone. 

Fluidextract   of  condurango 100.00  grams 

Wine     45.00  grams 

Dried  peptone    2.00  grams 

.Aromatic   tincture    2.00  grams 

Tincture  of  ginger 0.50  gram 

Tincture  of  orange  peel 1.25  grams 

-Acetic  ether   5        drops 

Tincture  of  \'anilla 2       drops 

Mux. 

Tar    Shampoo    Liquid. 

Green  or  soft  soap 12  ounces 

Potassium  carbonate    2  ounces 

Oil   of   tar 2  fl.  drams 

.Alcohol    16  fl.  ounces 

Water,  enough  to  make 64  fl.  ounces 

lLli.\  all  and  dissolve,  let  stand  a  few  days  and  filter. 

Hard  Tooth  Soap. 

Precipitated  chalk    2  drams 

Carmine    3  grains 

Powdered  soap   5  drams 

Oil  of  peppermint 10  drops 

.Alcohol   45  minims 

Triturate  the  carmine  with  a  few  drops  of  ammonia  water 
and  add  the  precipitated  chalk.  Dissolve  the  oil  of  peppermint 
in  the  alcohol ;  add  the  solution  to  the  soap  contained  in  a 
mortar  and  thoroughly  incorporate;  then  add  the  precipitated 
chalk  and  when  the  whole  is  homogeneous  transfer  to  suitable 
moulds  and  dry. 

Lotion  for  Sweaty  Hands. 

Boric  acid    1 1^  drams 

Borax    i^  ounce 

Salicjiic   acid    i/a  ounce 

Glycerin    3  ounces 

.Alcohol    3  ounces 

Dissolve  the  solids  in  the  liquids  of  the  mbcture  and  apply 
to  the  hands  three  times  a  day. 

Spray  for  Dry  Catarrh. 

Eucalyptol    2  fl.  drams 

Oil  of  cassia 40  minims 

Oil  of  gaultheria 40  minims 

Menthol    40  grains 

Liquid    petrolatum     4  fl.  ounces 

Mis  and  use  in  an  oil  nebulizer. 

Cucumber   Cream. 

White  wan  .^  ounces 

Spermaceti    3  ounces 

Benzoinated   lard    8  ounces 

Cucumbers   3  ounces 

Melt  together  the  wax,  spermaceti  and  lard,  and  infuse  in  the 
liquid  the  cucumbers,  previously  grated.  Allow  to  cool,  stirring 
well;  let  stand  a  day,  remelt,  strain,  and  again  stir  the  "cream" 
until  cold. 

Poison  Fly  Paper. 

Quassia  chips   150  parts 

Cobalt  chloride   10  parts 

.Antimony   tartrate    2  parts 

Tincture  of  pepper 80  parts 

Water    400  parts 


Boil  the  quassia  chips  in  the  water  until  the  volume  of  the 
latter  is  reduced  one-half.  Add  the  other  ingredients  and  with 
the  resulting  mLxture  saturate  paper,  which  dry. 

Graphite  Stove  Polish. 

Ceresine    12  parts 

Japan  wax  10  parts 

Oil  of  turpentine 100  parts 

Best  lampblack   12  parts 

Levigati  1  graphite   10  parts 

Melt  the  ceresine  and  wax  together,  remove  from  the  fire, 
and  when  half  cooled  off,  add  and  stir  in  the  graphite  and 
lampblack,  previously  mixed  with  the  oil  of  turpentine. 

Hand  Cleaner. 

Powdered   castile   soap 5  ounces 

Piunice   powder    H  ounce 

Kaolin   7  54  ounces 

Sodium  perborate  Syi  oimces 

MLx.     Only  a  little  water  is  required  with  the  smallest  quan- 
tity of  the  powder  to  thoroughly  clean  and  bleach  the  hands. 
Peruvian  Bark  Dentifrice. 

Powdered  Peruvian   bark 2  ounces 

Powdered  ammonium   chloride yi  ounce 

Powdered   orris  root 1  oimce 

Powdered  catechu    6  drams 

Powdered   myrrh    6  drams 

Oil    of    cloves 5  drops 

Mix  and  sift. 

Pile   Ointment. 

Zinc  oxide    160  grains 

Boric  acid    160  grains 

Oil   of   camphor 2  ounces 

Distilled  extract  of  witch  hazel 1   ounce 

Lanolin    4  otuices 

MLx. 

All-Round   Wound   Salve 

Fresh   lard    16  oimces 

Dry  white  lead 3  oimces 

Dry  red  lead 1  ounce 

Yellow   beeswax    3  ounces 

Black   rosin    2  ounces 

Mix,  melt  and  boil  for  45  minutes,  then  add — 

Common    turpentine    4  ounces 

Boil  for  three  minutes  and  cool. 

Apply  locally  to  cuts,  bums,  sores,  ulcers,  etc.  It  first  draws, 
then  heals. 

Anti-Frost  Solution  for  Windows 
.Apply  to  the  window  glass  a  mixture  consisting  of  55  parts 
of  glycerin  dissolved  in  1000  parts  of  62  per  cent,  alcohol,  con- 
taining, to  improve  the  odor,  some  oil  of  amber.  -As  soon  as  the 
mixture  clarifies,  it  is  rubbed  over  the  inner  surface  of  the 
glass.  It  is  claimed  that  this  treatment  not  only  prevents  the 
formation  of  frost,  but  also  stops  sweating. 
Peroxide   Face   Bleach 

(1) 
This    consists    of    two    powders — a    citric    acid    powder    and 
alkaline    powder    to   be    applied    separately    for    one   treatment. 
The  alkaline  powder  is  made  as  follows: 

Sodium    perborate    90  per  cent. 

Zinc   peroxide    10  per  c?nt. 

Sprinkle  a  little  of  the  acid  on  a  wet  sponge  and  apply  to- 
the  face.  Then,  while  the  surface  is  still  wet,  apply  the  alka- 
line powder  with  a  p^ff. 

(2) 
The  following  mixture  is  less  troublesome  to  use  and  gives, 
quicker  results: 

Starch     50  parts 

Citric  acid   25  parts 

Zinc  peroxide    10  parts 

Sodium    perborate    15  parts 

Mix.     .Apply  with  a  puff  to  the  moistened  surface.  {Am.  Dr.y 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


463 


NOTES   FROM    EUROPEAN   LABORATORIES 


Several     Assay     Methods — Ointment     of     Potassium 
Iodide — Syrup     of    lodotannin — Milk    Preserva- 
tives— Enzyme  Syntheses 

THE  Abstracts  for  this  month  deal  mostly  with  analytical 
methods,  including  assay  methods  for  digitalis  and  nux 
vomica,  the  determination  of  caffeine  in  coffee,  the  esti- 
mation of  acetone  in  urine,  and  of  free  and  total  cholesterol 
in  fats.  Two  papers  take  up  ointment  of  potassium  iodide, 
one  describing  a  method  for  preparing  a  stable,  colorless 
product,  and  the  other  giving  a  simple  assay  method  for  it. 
Glycerin  heated  to  above  100°  is  highly  recommended  as  a 
sterilizing  agent.  Attention  is  called  to  the  fact  that  potassium 
■dichromate,  formaldehyde,  and  carbolic  acid  are  all  unsuited 
for  use  as  milk,  preservatives  w-hen  taking  samples,  unless 
the  milk  is  absolutely  fresh  to  begin  with.  Bourquelot  reports 
his  results  witl  the  syntheses  of  two  new  glucosides,  derived 
from  the  glycols  of  meta  and  para-xylene. 

The  European  war  has  interfered  to  a  great  degree  with  the 
publication  of  the  foreign  drug  journals,  as  is  to  be  expected. 
Since  August  1  only  one  copy  of  a  French  journal  of  any 
■sort  has  been  received,  while  two  of  the  leading  German 
journals  have  not  sent  us  any  copies.  The  Berlin  Apotheker 
Zeitung  has  reduced  one  of  its  semi-weekly  editions  to  a 
:single  four-page  form. 
Assay  Methods  for  Digitalis — 

.\fter  a  thorough  investigation,  Rapp  states  that  the  Hale 
method  of  physiological  assay  of  digitalis  is  far  preferable  to 
the  Focke  method,  and  on  account  of  its  simplicity,  and 
because  we  know  no  more  accurate  method,  should  be  adopted 
in  the  new  pharmacopoeias.  The  attempt  was  made  to  utilize 
some  of  the  enzyme  reactions  of  the  leaves  as  a  measure  of  the 
strength.  The  peroxydase  reaction,  with  the  guaiac  reagent, 
shows  that  the  drug  has  been  properly  collected,  and  dried, 
and  not  subjected  to  too  high  a  temperature.  The  quantity 
■of  sugars  formed  by  ferments  and  hydrolysis  also  gives  some 
indications  of  the  value  of  the  leaves,  but  is  not  trustworthy, 
since  the  sugars  themselves  may  be  broken  down  by  other  fer- 
ments and  bacteria  in  the  drug,  thus  giving  false  results.  The 
toxic  strength  of  digitalis  cannot  yet  be  determined  by  chemical 
methods  in  any  accurate  or  moderately  rapid  way,  but  may  be 
accurately  evaluated  by  the  physiological  method.  Corvult,  said 
to  be  a  digitalis  preparation  freed  of  its  enzymes  by  heat,  is  not 
•such,  but  is  made  by  the  action  of  chemicals.  It  was  shown 
that  enzyme  action  causes  the  toxicity  of  moist  leaves  to 
diminish  slowly  but  constantly.  On  heating  in  an  autoclave 
to  105°,  an  enzyme-free  drug  is  obtained,  which  will  later  con- 
serve its  strength  when  moist.  The  gastric  effects  are  the 
same  as  with  the  unsterilized  drug.  (Rapp,  Schweiz.  .^poth. 
Ztg.,  1914,  p,  321.) 
Determination  of  Potassium  Iodide  in  Ointments — 

In  a  small  beaker  or  wide-mouthed  flask  treat  2  g.  of  the 
ointment  with  50  cc.  of  hot  water,  melt  the  fat  over  a  small 
flame,  whirling  the  beaker  continuously,  and  set  aside  to  cool. 
Filter  the  aqueous  solution  through  a  pledget  of  cotton  into  a 
200  cc.  flask,  and  wash  three  times  with  5  cc.  of  water.  Add 
5  g.  of  solution  of  ferric  chloride,  and  set  aside  for  three 
hours,  protected  from  light.  Acidify  with  10  cc.  of  official 
(D.  A.  B.V.)  phosphoric  acid,  bring  the  separated  iodine  into 
solution  with  1.5  g.  of  potassium  iodide,  and  titrate  immedi- 
ately with  decinormal  thiosulghate  solution,  using  starch  as 
indicator.  (Darge,  .i^poth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  749.) 
Determinations  of  Esters  in  Essential  Oils — 

Behal  has  recommended  that  the  determination  of  esters  in 
■essential  oils  be  carried  out  in  sealed  vessels,  as  otherwise 
losses  occur  through  volatilization  of  certain  constituents. 
Niviere.  on  the  other  hand,  finds  that  the  classic  methods  give 
quite  concordant  results,  and  that  closed  vessels  cannot  be 
used,  since  they  give  too  high  values.  The  higli  results  are 
not  due  to  the  action  of  the  alkali  on  an  alcohol,  like  linalool, 


but  apparently  to  a  mutual  action  of  the  aldehydes  present. 
(Niviere,  Bull.  Soc.  Chim.,  1914,  p.  677.) 
Decolorized  Tr.  Iodine — 

This  preparation,  according  to  the  British  Codex,  is  made  by 
dissolving  iodine  in  alcohol,  and  adding  ammonia  water.  The 
iodine  color  disappears  from  the  solution,  a  dark  colored  pre- 
cipitate being  tlirown  down,  which  is  found  to  be  iodide  of 
nitrogen.  After  standing  a  day  or  two,  the  brown  precipitate 
disappears,  and  after  two  or  three  weeks  of  standing  in  the 
sunlight  or  in  a  warm  place,  the  solution  fades  to  yellow,  due 
to  iodoform.  About  half  of  the  iodine  is  changed  at  once  into 
ammonium  iodide.  Hydrolysis  of  the  nitrogen  iodide  produced 
ammonium  hypoiodite  in  small  amount,  which  later  seems  to 
oxidize  some  of  the  alcohol.  The  finished  tincture  contains 
ammonium  iodide  wiUi  an  excess  of  ammonia,  about  0.1  per 
cent,  of  iodoform,  and  traces  of  acetaldehyde,  ammonium  iodate, 
and  hydroxylamine.  The  therapeutic  value  of  the  tincture  must 
be  practically  nil.  (Pratt,  Pharm.  J.,  Vol.  93,  p.  130.) 
Colloidal  Sulphur — 

This  preparation  is  made  by  the  action  of  hydrogen  sulphide 
gas  on  dilute  solutions  of  sulphurous  add,  whereby  the  solution 
becomes  charged  with  polythionic  acids,  while  flakes  of  sulphur 
are  formed  which  are  rendered  insoluble  by  the  acids.  The 
deposit  of  sulphur  is  separated,  diluted  with  pure  water,  and 
dialyzed  in  order  to  free  it  from  acids,  etc.  The  colloidal 
material  is  left  on  the  dialyzer  as  a  whitish  yellow  emulsion. 
It  must  be  protected  from  air,  and  its  action  is  much  more 
intense  than  that  of  the  other  ■forms  of  sulphur.  (Robin, 
Repert.  Pharm.,  1914,  p.  161;  through  C.  A.) 
Colorless    Oint.    Pot.    Iodide — 

If  the  ointment  is  prepared  by  mixing  solutions  of  potassium 
iodide  and  sodium  thiosulphate,  it  soon  turns  yellow.  But  if 
the  solutions  of  the  salts  are  mixed  separately  with  the  fat, 
no  color  change  takes  place.  The  formula  and  method  recom- 
mended are  as  follows:  Melt  165  g.  of  lard  at  the  lowest 
possible  temperature,  and  allow  it  tj  cool  in  a  porcelain 
mortar  by  standing  overnight.  Dissolve  20  g.  of  potassium 
iodide  in  14  g.  of  water  which  has  been  boiled  and  cooled, 
and  make  another  solution  of  0.25  g.  of  thiosulphate  in  1  cc. 
of  water.  Then  incorporate  these  salt  solutions  with  the  fat, 
adding  the  thiosulphate  first.  The  formula  makes  200  g.  of 
10  per  cent,  ointment.  (Schweiz,  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  325.) 
Ne'w  Biochemical  Syntheses — 

The  latest  compounds  of  the  glucoside  series  to  be  syntheti- 
cally prepared  by  Bourquelot  are  the  beta  forms  of  the  mono- 
glucosides  of  glycols  corresponding  to  m-  and  p-  xylene. 
The  glycols  were  prepared  from  the  xylene  dibron-.ides,  by 
saponification  with  potassium  carbonate.  The  synthesis  re- 
action was  carried  out  in  a  solution  of  aqueous  acetone,  con- 
taining the  glycol,  glucose,  and  emulsin.  No  attempt  was  made 
to  attain  equilibrium,  which  w^ould  not  have  been  reached  for 
several  months.  The  excess  of  glucose  was  destroyed  in  the 
usual  manner,"  by  means  of  yeast,  and  the  glucoside  was  ex- 
tracted with  ether.  The  meta  compound  crystallizes  in  very 
fine  needles,  slightly  bitter,  and  very  soluble  in  water.  It 
softens  and  melts  at  85-95  deg.  One  molecule  of  water  of 
crystallization  is  present.  The  glucoside  does  not  reduce 
Fehling's  solution,  but  is  hydrolyzed  by  dilute  acids  and  by 
emulsin.  The  molecular  rotation  is  — 46.9  deg.  The  para 
compound  forms  prismatic  plates,  melting  at  157-158  deg. 
It  is  also  laevorotatory,  the  rotation  being  — 50.5  deg.  The 
other  properties  closely  resemble  those  of  the  meta  glucoside. 
(Bourquelot  and  Ludwig,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  p.   111.) 

Sterilizable  Rubber  Plaster — 

Klinoplast,  devised  by  Engelbrecht,  is  a  rubber  plaster  hav- 
ing the  advantage  of  being  sterilizable  by  live  steam,  without 
losing  its  adhesiveness.  The  interior  face  of  the  plaster  is 
covered  with  a  fabric  of  large  mesh,  made  of  coarse  threads, 
easily  permitting  the  passage  of  water  vapor.  After  steriliza- 
tion, it  is  separated  from  the  plastic  mass.  Bacteriological 
tests   have   demonstrated   that   the    sterilization    is    perfect,    not 


464 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[October,  1914 


onlv  for  the  surface,  but  also  for  the  interior  of  the  plaster. 
(Engelbrecht.  Ceiitralblatt  fur  Chir.,   1913,  No.  51.) 

Protein-Free  Emulsin — 

Ohta  rcconirnends  the  following  method  to  obtain  an 
emulsin  free  of  protein  substances:  Commercial  emulsin  is 
digested  with  one-tenth  its  weight  of  pancreatin,  in  the 
presence  of  100  times  its  weight  of  slightly  alkaline  water 
containing  ammonia.  A  large  amount  of  protein  material 
passes  into  solution  during  the  digestion,  and  the  solution  is 
then  dialyzed,  concentrated,  and  the  emulsin  thrown  out  by 
alcohol.  The  product  is  a  little  more  active  than  ordinary 
emulsin,  and  contains  calcium,  magnesium,  and  phosphorus. 
On  hydrolysis  it  gives  a  reducing  substance.  It  hydrolyzes 
amygdalin  and  salicin,  but  the  ferments  which  usually  accom- 
pany emulsin  are  absent.  (Ohta,  Biochem.  Z.,  1913,  p.  329.) 
Caffeine  Detenninations  in  Coffee — 

In  order  to  avoid  the  inaccuracies  or  inconveniences  of  the 
methods  hitherto  proposed,  Fendler  and  Stiiber  have  devised 
a  new  method  for  this  determination,  in  which  the  caffeine  is 
purified  by  means  of  strong  oxidizing  agents.  Coffee  powder 
which  passes  a  1  mm.  sieve  is  used.  Ten  g.  are  shaken  30 
minutes  with  200  g.  of  chloroform  and  10  g.  of  ammonia 
water.  After  passing  part  of  the  menstruum  through  a  filter, 
tmtil  it  runs  perfectly  clear,  150  g.  are  filtered  off,  corresponding 
to  7.5  g.  of  substance,  evaporated  in  a  roomy  flask,  and  the  last 
traces  of  chloroform  blown  out.  The  residue  is  treated  with 
80  cc.  of  hot  water,  digested  on  the  water  bath,  and  cooled. 
With  roasted  coffees,  this  aqueous  solution  is  treated  with  20  cc. 
of  1  per  cent,  permanganate  solution,  while  raw  coffees  require 
10  cc.  The  mixture  is  allowed  to  stand  at  ordinary  tempera- 
ture for  15  minutes.  Then  add  sufficient  3  per  cent,  hydrogen 
peroxide  solution,  containing  1  per  cent,  of  acetic  acid,  to  re- 
duce the  excess  of  permanganate,  from  2  to  4  cc.  usually  sufficing. 
After  all  reddish  color  is  discharged,  place  on  the  boiling  water 
bath,  and  continue  to  add  the  acid  peroxide  solution  until 
the  mixture  does  not  become  lighter  in  color.  Cool,  filter, 
and  wash  the  filter  with  cold  water.  Shake  out  the  filtrate, 
which  should  amount  to  about  200  cc,  once  with  50  cc.  and 
three  times  with  25  cc.  of  chloroform.  Unite  the  shakings  in 
a  weighed  flask,  evaporate,  and  dry  to  constant  weight. 
Weigh  the  residue  as  caffeine.  (Fendler  and  Stuber,  Z.  Nahr. 
Genussm.,  1914,  p.  9.) 

Glycerin  for  Sterilizingf  Purposes — 

Seiffert  and  Spiegel  have  sliown  experimentally  that  a 
glycerin  bath  heated  to  120  deg.  answers  all  requirement  as  a 
sterilizing  medium.  All  bacteria  are  killed  by  it  in  a  very 
short  time,  since  the  antiseptic  action  of  the  glycerine  is  added 
to  the  effect  of  high  temperature.  The  liquid  is  easily 
removed  from  the  instruments,  which  it  does  not  attack  in 
any  way.  Its  widespread  use  for  such  purposes  is  to  be 
recommended.  (Seiffert  and  Spiegel,  Centralblatt  f.  Bakteri- 
ologie,  1914,  p.  518.) 
Preservatives  in  Milk  Samples — 

Several  authors  have  recently  called  attention  to  the  ur.suit- 
ability  of  phenol  and  potassium  dichromate  as  preservatives  in 
milk  samples,  unless  the  milk  is  perfectly  fresh  to  begin  with. 
Van  Ketel  reaches  the  same  conclusion,  and  adds  formaldehyde 
to  the  list.  Five  hundred  cc.  of  milk  were  treated  with  20 
drops  of  formaldehyde  solution,  and  the  fat  content  determined 
from  time  to  time.  In  five  weeks,  according  to  the  Rose- 
Gottlieb  method,  the  percentage  of  fat  dropped  from  3.16  to 
1.73.  With  the  Gerber  method,  the  figures  were  higher,  but 
the  fat  was  dark  colored.  The  formaldehyde  apparently  enters 
into  combination  with  the  albuminous  substances  of  the  milk, 
and  becomes  inactive.  It  was  also  shown  that  perfectly  fresh 
milk  remains  unchanged  much  longer  than  old  milk,  which 
already  contains  organisms  which  cannot  be  subsequently 
rendered  harmless  by  the  preservatives.  (Van  Ketel,  Apoth. 
Ztg.,  1914,  p.  708. 
Assay  of  Nux  Vomica — 

For  the  determination  of  total  alkaloids  the  author  recom- 
mends a  method  based  on  precipitation  by  silico-tungstic  acid. 
The  silico-tungstate  of  strychnine  forms  a  brown  powder,  in- 
soluble in  cold  water,  slightly  soluble  in  hot  water,  and  not 
affected  by  acids.  When  calcined  it  leaves  a  yellow  or  green- 
ish residue  of  silicic  and  tungstic  acids.  The  formula  shows 
that    it   consists   of    12    molecules   of   tungstic   anhydride,    1    of 


silicon  dioxide,  4  of  strychnine,  and  12  of  water.  The 
alkaloids  are  extracted  by  a  mixture  of  ether  and  chloroform, 
taken  up  in  nitric  acid  solution,  and  thrown  down  by  silico- 
tungstic  acid.  The  precipitate  is  collected  in  a  filter,  washed, 
ignited,  and  the  residue  weighed.  The  weight  multiplied  by 
0.498  gives  the  amount  of  alkaloids.  (Azadain,  Ann.  Chim. 
Analyt.,  1914,  p.  164;  through  Pliarm.  J.) 
Determination  of  Acetone  in  Urine — 

The  urine  is  distilled  with  a  few  drops  of  hydrochloric  acid, 
and  the  distillate  treated  with  iodine  and  potassium  hydroxide. 
The  iodoform  thus  produced  is  collected,  carefully  washed  until 
free  from  uncombined  iodine,  and  then  boiled  with  the  filter 
with  silver  nitrate  and  fuming  nitric  acid,  using  a  reflux  con- 
denser. The  silver  iodide  is  dissolved  in  ammonia  water,  the 
solution  filtered,  and  the  insoluble  iodine  again  precipitated 
by  adding  nitric  acid,  after  which  it  is  collected,  dried  and 
weighed  in  the  usual  manner.  Each  g.  of  silver  iodide  repre- 
sents 0.1171  g.  of  acetone.  (E.  and  L.  Sobel,  Pharm.  Zentral- 
halle,  1914,  p.  5SS;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Modification  of  Kjeldahl's  Metliod — 

The  new  method  makes  use  of  the  catalytic  action  of 
vanadium  oxide.  The  digestion  is  made  with  sulphuric  acid, 
potassium  sulphate,  and  a  small  amount  of  vanadium  pentoxide. 
The  modification  is  recommended  where  the  Gunning  method 
cannot  be  applied,  or  only  with  difficulty;  or  in  cases  where  the 
use  of  mercury  as  a  catalys;er  would  give  rise  to  mercury- 
nitrogen  compounds  that  are  not  decomposed  by  alkali.  Am- 
monia does  not  appear  to  be  retained  by  vanadium,  even  when 
the  latter  is  present  in  quantity.  (Marino  and  Gonnelli,  Atti 
del  Lincei.,  1914,  p.  523;  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Iodine  in  Syrup  lodotannin — 

Additional  proof  that  the  iodine  in  syrup  of  iodotannin 
exists  in  the  state  of  hydriodic  acid,  and  not  as  a  combination 
with  tannin,  is  furnished  by  recent  experiments  of  Debreuil. 
If  the  syrup  is  dialyzed  through  a  vegetable  membrane,  no 
trace  of  tannin  compounds  passes  through,  while  the  dialysate 
contains  a  large  amount  of  hydriodic  acid,  these  two  points 
being  proved  by  the  facts  that  although  there  is  no  color 
change  with  ferric  salts,  yet  the  solution  is  acid,  is  precipi- 
tated by  silver  nitrate,  forming  silver  iodide,  liberates  iodine 
when  treated  with  chlorine  water,  etc.  On  evaporation  and 
calcination,  no  residue  remains.  The  syrup,  treated  with 
sodium  chloride,  and  evaporated  in  a  vacuum,  gives  free 
hydrochloric  acid,  to  the  extent  of  about  25  per  cent,  of  the 
theoretical.  Finally,  when  the  syrup  is  treated  with  pure  zinc 
carbonate,  free  of  chlorides,  all  the  iodine  passes  into  solution 
as  iodide  of  zinc,  without  any  trace  of  tannic  compounds  being 
formed,  which  can  only  be  explained  on  the  supposition  that 
free  hydriodic  acid  is  present.  The  use  of  zinc  carbonate  or  a 
mixture  of  calcium  carbonate  and  zinc  sulphate,  furnishes  a 
choice  method  for  assaying  the  syrup,  the  solution  of  zinc 
iodide  being  titrated  with  silver  nitrate  volumetric  solution 
in  the  usual  manner.  Debreuil,  Bull.  Sci.  Pharmacolog.,  1914, 
p.  409.) 
Estimation  of  Cholesterol — 

For  free  cholesterol  dissolve  20  g.  of  the  fat  in  200  cc.  of  a 
mixture  of  equal  parts  of  ether  and  petroleum  ether.  For 
total  cholesterol  saponify  20  g.  of  fat  by  boiling  for  15  minutes 
with  40  cc.  of  20  per  cent,  alcoholic  potash  solution,  wash 
into  a  separator  with  water,  liberate  the  fatty  acids  with  hydro- 
chloric acid,  and  shake  out  with  200  cc.  of  the  ether- 
petroleum  ether  mixture.  Wash  the  shakings  several  times  with 
water  and  dry  with  dried  sodium  sulphate.  To  each  of  the 
ether  solutions  add  10  cc.  of  a  1  per  cent,  solution  of  digitonin 
in  absolute  alcohol,  and  allow  to  stand  a  short  time.  Add 
water  a  few  drops  at  a  time,  shaking  violently,  until  not  more 
than  2  or  3  cc.  have  been  added.  Allow  to  stand  until  the 
precipitate  settles,  and  then  decant  the  mother  liquid  through 
cotton.  Test  to  see  if  precipttation  is  complete.  Wash  the 
crystals  with  the  ether-petroleum  ether  mixture,  adding  a  little 
water.  Dry  the  precipitate  on  the  water  bath,  and  then  dis- 
solve in  50  cc.  of  hot  alcohol.  Dilute  the  alcohol  to  90  per 
cent.,  cool,  and  allow  to  stand  2  hours.  Evaporate  a  little, 
filter  through  a  tared  Gooch,  wash  with  90  per  cent,  alcohol, 
dry,  and  weigh.  The  crystals  consist  of  equal  molecules  of 
cholesterol  and  digitonin  (Cj,  H^  O.  C.,  H„  O-j).  (Kloster- 
mann  and  Opitz,  Z.  Nahr.  Genussm.,  1914,  p.  713;  through 
C.  A.) 


October.  19141 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


485 


?      THE  QUEST1I0M  BOX      ? 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  fnmish  our  subsrnbrrs 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  prescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department  from    non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if    not    out    of    print,    may    be    obtained    for    25    cents    each. 


FoiTaaldehyde  Disinfection 
(J.   D.    Co.) — "What   is   the    proper   proportion    for   mi.xing 
permanganate    of    potassium    with    40    per    cent,    formaldehyde 
solution     for     disinfection     in     connection      with     contagious 
diseases?" 

As  given  by  the  various  authorities,  the  proportions  of  the 
substances  named  vary  somewhat,  but  the  process  outlined  by 
the  Xew  Hampshire  State  Board  of  Health  and  required  by 
law  to  be  used  by  local  boards  in  that  State  is  as  satisfactory 
as  any.     It   is  as  follows: 

Potassium   permanganate    6]/^  ounces 

Solution  of  formaldehyde  (409i)....  1  pint 
The  quantity  of  formaldehyde  evolved  is  sufficient  to  disin- 
fect 1,000  cubic  feet  of  space.  It  is  used  after  carefully 
sealing  up  all  openings  of  the  room  or  other  place  to  be  dis- 
infected, and  exposing  as  much  as  possible  all  clothing,  bed- 
ding, or  other  contents  of  drawers,  closets,  etc.  For  generating 
the  gas  one  large,  flaring  pail  is  the  only  apparatus  needed. 
The  pail  should  be  not  less  than  the  ordinar>'  water  pail  of 
ten  or  twelve  quarts  in  size,  and  under  it  should  be  placed  a 
few  newspapers  or  a  piece  of  old  carpet,  so  that  in  case  it 
should  overflow  or  spatter  during  the  intensely  rapid  efferves- 
cence which  takes  place,  the  floor  may  be  protected.  \ 
wooden  or  indurated  fiber  pail  is  better  for  the  purpose  than 
one  made  of  metal,  as  it  retains  the  heat  which  is  evolved  and 
which  is  essential  to  the  best  results.  When  all  is  in  readi- 
ness, place  the  potassium  permanganate  in  the  pail,  then  pour 
the  solution  of  formaldehyde  upon  it.  The  operator  will  be 
obliged  to  leave  the  room  almost  instantly,  on  account  of  the 
rapid  formation  of  the  gas.  The  premises  should  remain 
closed  for  not  less  than  five  hours;  a  longer  time  would  be 
better.  If  several  rooms  are  to  be  disinfected,  the  process 
may  be  carried  out  in  each  room  separately,  having  everything 
in  readiness  in  all  of  the  rooms,  so  that  the  operator  niay  be 
prepared  to  do  the  work  as  rapidly  as  possible.  The  tem- 
perature^ of  the  rooms  to  be  disinfected  sliould  not  be  less 
than  60°  F.  If  lower  than  that,  they  should  first  be  warmed. 
If  the  temperature  is  below  60°,  an  increased  amount  of 
chemicals  will  have  to  be  used  to.be  effective.  The  formalde- 
hyde solution  should  be  poured  upon  the  potassium  permanga- 
nate,  and  never  the   reverse. 

Cocaine  Muriate  and  Sodium  Borate 

(J.   D.    C.) — "Please   criticise   the    following    prescription"; 

Cocaine   muriate    13  eg. 

Sodium    borate    .' 30  eg. 

Water     30  cc. 

Mi.x. 

On  combining  this  mixture  cocaine  is  precipitated,  the  reac- 
tion being  in  accordance  with  the  well-known  principle  that 
borax  being  alkaline,  precipitates  nearly  all  alkaloids  from  solu- 
tions of  their  salts,  cocaine  muriate  being  included  in  the  cate- 
gory. Some  dispensers  overcome  the  incompatibility  by  triturat- 
ing the  borax  with  a  little  glycerin  (about  1  dram)  and  then 
dissolving  the  alkaloid  in  the  aqueous  mi.xture.  This  induces 
another  reaction,  the  glycerin  decomposing  the  sodium  borate 
and  forming  sodium  metaborate  and  boric  acid,  which,  how- 
ever, does  not  interfere  with  the  therapeutic  activity  of  the 
cocaine.  If  boric  acid  be  substituted  for  the  sodium  borate 
in  the  prescription,  no  precipitation  will  occur.  The  incom- 
patibility should  be  brought  to  the  attention  of  the  prescriber. 


Aspirin  and  Sodium  Bicarbonate 
(G.  E.  J.) — "Please  criticise  the  following  prescription,  and 
tell  what  chemical  reactions  take  place?" 

Aspirin    1  dram 

Sodium    bicarbonate    1  dram 

Eli.xir  of  lactopeptine,  quinine  and   strych- 
nine,   enough   to    make 2  ounces 

.•\spirin  (acetylsalicylic  acid)  is  incompatible  with  heat, 
moisture,  alkalies,  their  carbonates  and  bicarbonates,  and  in 
this  prescription,  when  compounded,  the  aspirin  will  be  de- 
composed by  the  sodium  bicarbonate  with  the  production  of 
acetic  acid  and  salicylic  acid  or  sodium  salicylate,  carbonic  acid 
gas  being  evolved.  The  wisdom  of  combining  sodium  bicar- 
bonate with  the  digestive  agents  the  eli.xir  of  lactopeptine  is 
reported  to  contain  is  also  not  apparent.  According  to  most 
medical  authorities,  aspirin  is  best  taken  in  capsules,  or  wafers, 
or  dissolved  in  sweetened  water,  or  dry  on  the  tongue,  followed 
by  a  swallow  of  water.  The  powder  should  be  dispensed  in 
waxed  paper.  As  stated  above,  aspirin  should  not  be  dis- 
pensed in  solution. 

"Gray  Beard" 
(B.  D.) — In  further  reply  to  your  query,  this  journal,  last 
issue,  page  419,  I.  .V.  Solomons,  Jr.,  Savannah,  Ga.,  writes 
that  a  patent  preparation  of  this  name  was  formerly  manu- 
factured by  a  local  concern  in  his  city,  and  enjoyed  quite  a 
sale  at  one  time  in  that  section.  He  states,  however,  that  it 
has  long  since  been  off  the  market  and  is  no  longer  obtainable. 

Spirit  Gum 
(W.  B.) — "Please  give  me  a  formula  for  spirit  gum  adhesive, 
a    theatrical    preparation?" 

Try  the  following  which  has  been  published  under  the  above 
name : 

Resin     1   ounce 

Castor   oil    'A'  ounce 

Rectified   spirit    to 4  ounces 

Dissolve   and   perfume. 

The  Era  Formulary,  under  the  name  "Pomade  Collante," 
gives  the  following  combination  for  wigs  and  short  curls: 
Take  lyi  pounds  of  the  best  Burgundy  pitch,  8  ounces  virgin 
wax,  and  melt  them  together  in  a  stoneware  vessel,  and  add 
1  ounce  of  liquid  pomade.  Remove  from  the  bath  and,  while 
yet  liquid  and  warm,  stir  in  7  ounces  of  alcohol;  when  the 
spirit  has  been  well  incorporated,  replace  the  vessel  upon  the 
sand  bath,  and  heat  up  to  a  slight  boiling;  then  strain  through 
a  linen  cloth,  perfume  with  2  ounces  essence  of  bergamot,  and 
when   cold    enough,   run    into   molds. 

Bleaching  Feathers. 

(B.  D.  L. ) — Here  are  some  processes; 
(1) 

The  feathers  are  put  into  a  bath  of  permanganate  of  potas- 
sium, containing  4  or  5  parts  of  the  salt  to  1000  parts  of 
water;  a  solution  of  sulphate  of  magnesium  of  the  same 
strength  is  added,  and  the  mixture  heated  to  140° F.  The 
feathers,  previously  washed,  are  put  into  this  bath,  then  taken 
out,  rinsed,  and  passed  through  weak  sulphuric  acid  of  about 
1^  to  3°Tw. 

Put  the  feathers  in  a  bath  of  1  part  of  barmm  peroxide  in 
100  parts  of  water  at  80°  F.  and  bleach.  Leave  for  48  hours  in 
this  solution,  wash,  pass  through  a  weak  acid  bath,  and  again 
wash. 

(3) 

Expose  the  feathers  in  a  moist  atmosphere  to  the  vapor  of 
burning  sulphur  (sulphurous  acid).  Before  this  treatment, 
however,  the  oily  matters  should  be  removed  from  the  feathers 
by  immersing  them  for  a  short  time  in  good  benzine  or  naphtha, 
rinsing  in  a  second  vessel,  also  containing  some  of  the  benzine 
or  naphtha,  and  thoroughly  dry  by  exposing  them  to  the  air. 
This  treatment  it  is  claimed,  does  not  injure  the  feathers. 


466 


THE    PHAR\L\CEUTICAL    ERA 


[OCTOBEE,    1914 


Constituents  and  Effects  of  Face  Powders 

(J.  \V.  T.'i — The  principal  effect  of  plain  talc  on  the  skin  is 
mechanical,  and  for  such  reason  it  is  extensively  used  as  a  pro- 
tecting and  soothing  powder  to  the  skin.  It  is  insoluble  and  not 
absorbed,  and  when  rubbed  or  dusted  upon  the  skin  it  imparts 
a  slight  feeling  of  greasiness.  This  quality  makes  it  of  value 
as  a  protective  for  chafed  skin,  and  by  medical  men  generally 
it  is  considered  of  value  as  a  dusting  powder  in  intertrigo. 
prickly  heat,  pruritis,  and  other  conditions  of  dermal  irritation. 

Boric  acid  is  a  mild  antiseptic.  When  applied  in  concen- 
trated form  to  denuded  surfaces,  it  is  generally  considered  to 
be  somewhat  irritating  and  mildly  astringent;  in  solution,  while 
slightly  astringent,  it  is  sedative  rather  than  irritating.  It  is 
added  to  dusting  and  face  powders  principally  for  its  antiseptic 
effect.  The  prolonged  use  of  boric  acid,  especially  if  not  mixed 
with  some  suitable  diluent,  is  liable  to  give  rise  to  scaly  erup- 
tions of  the  skin.  The  amount  that  should  be  added  to  any 
face  powder  is  largely  a  matter  of  individual  opinion,  for  so 
far  as  we  can  discover  there  is  no  hard  and  fast  rule  on  the 
subject  laid  down  by  medical  authorities.  We  are  inclined 
to  believe  that  not  more  than  10  per  cent  of  boric  acid  need 
be  added  to  any  dusting  powder,  and  this  proportion  is 
that  employed  in  the  standard  furnished  by  the  National  Formu- 
lar\-  for  "salicylated  powder  of  talcum,"  which  is  used  as  a 
dusting  powder  for  irritated  surfaces,  intertrigo,  e.xcoriated  sur- 
faces,  etc.     This  powder   is  made  as  follows: 

Salicylic  acid  30  parts 

Boric    acid 100  parts 

Talc,    in   fine   powder 870  parts 

Mix. 

Answering  yotir  third  question  in  a  general  way,  most  of  the 
toilet  talcum  powders  on  the  market  consist  wholly  or  in  large 
part  of  talc  as  a  base,  to  which  are  added  suitable  odori'^erous 
substances  Among  the  constituents  of  face  powders  which  are 
supposed  to  exercise  some  medicinal  or  curative  effect  are  zinc 
oxide  and  the  basic  salts  of  bismuth,  chiefly  of  the  oxychloride. 
Zinc  oxide  has  a  slight  physiological  action  on  the  skin  as  a 
mild  astringent,  exercising  a  curative  effect  on  cutaneous  erup- 
tions and  on  excoriated  surfaces.  It  also  possesses  a  property 
■which  makes  it  valuable  in  face  preparations — that  of  adhe- 
siveness to  powders  containing  it.  Bismuth  salts  are  reputed 
to  have  an  injurious  influence,  though  they  are  not  uncom- 
monly used.  Bismuth  salts  also  exercise  an  astringent  effect 
similar  to  that  of  zinc  oxide.  Very  light  forms  of  zinc  oxide 
and  bismuth  oxychloride  are  used  in  connection  with  face 
powders,  while  the  various  starches,  rice  flour,  orris  root,  mag- 
nesium carbonate,  etc.,  are  also  employed.  As  a  rule,  however, 
a  face  powder  is  not  used  for  "medicinal"  effect,  but  as  a 
mechanical  protective  to  irritated  surfaces  and  which  is  ap- 
plied particularly  to  shield  them  from  the  effects  of  the  wind 
and  sun  and  from  external  abrasion.  For  a  more  extended 
account  of  the  effect  of  face  powders  upon  the  skin  it  is  sug- 
gested that  you  consult  a  professor  of  dermato'ogy  in  one  of 
the  medical  schools  in  this  city. 


less  expense  than  will  result  in  any  attempt  to  manufacture 
a  special  impermeable  or  so-called  "waxed"  paper  on  the 
small  scale. 


Grease  Proof  Boxes 
(T.  R.  M.) — .\ccording  to  "Pharmaceutical  Formulas," 
paper,  willow,  or  turned  wood  boxes  may  be  made  impervious 
to  air,  water,  or  grease  by  immersing  them  in  hot  melted  hard 
paraffin.  Another  method  recommended  is  to  apply  inside  and 
out  two  coats  of  a  varnish  made  of 

Sandarac     2  ounces 

White  shellac    4  ounces 

Alcohol    10  ounces 

Mix   and   apply   with   a   stiff   brush. 

Solution  of  silicate  of  soda  and  kaolin  mixed  together  is 
used  for  painting  on  the  inside  of  turned  wood  boxes  to  make 
them  waterproof. 

A  so-called  "impermeable  wrapping  paper,"  according  to  the 
Era  Formulary,  may  be  made  as  follows:  Dissolve  IJ/2  pounds 
of  white  soap  in  a  quart  of  water ;  then  dissolve  2  ounces 
of  gum  arable  and  6  ounces  of  glue  in  another  quart  of  water. 
Mix  the  two  solutions;  warm  the  mixture;  dip  the  paper  in 
the  liquid.  Pass  it  between  two  rolls  (a  clothes  wringer,  for 
example)'  and  allow  to  dry.  In  default  of  rolls,  let  the  paper 
drip  well,  or,  better,  pass  it  between  two  sheets  of  dry  paper. 
Then  let  it  dry  in  a  mild  temperature.  For  many  purposes 
ordinary  paraffin  paper  can  be  satisfactorily  employed,  and  at 


Cold   Laxative   Tablets 

(G.  M.  D.) — The   following  are  typical  formulas  for  tablets 
exploited  under  the  above  designation : 
(I) 

Quinine  sulphate 1  grain 

.-\cetanilide     2  grains 

Tincture   of   gelscmium 1  minim 

Aloin     1/20  grain 

Podophyllin 1/40  grain 

Capsicum    54  grain 

For   one   tablet. 

(2) 

Quinine  sulphate    2  grains 

Dover's   powder    2  grains 

Capsicum    ]4  grain 

Tincture    of    capsicum 1   minim 

For   one   tablet. 

(3) 

Dover's  powder    25-'2  grains 

Quinine    hydrobromide     2   grains 

Aloin     Vi  grain 

Calomel    'A  grain 

Powdered   capsicum    yi  grain 

Tincture  of  aconite,   U.S.P lA  minim 

For  one  tablet. 


Tincture  of  Benzoin  and  Water 
(J.   D.    Co.)     "Would   there   be   any   way   of   making  a   pre- 
sentable  mixture   of   the   following?" 

Tincture    of    benzoin 30 

Glycerin   60 

Rose   water   30 

Mbt. 

When  tincture  of  benzoin  is  mixed  with  water  a  milky  mix- 
ture is  produced,  the  resin  of  the  benzoin  being  thrown  out 
of  solution  and  depositing  on  standing,  the  rate  of  deposition 
depending  somewhat  on  the  proportions  of  the  ingredients  em- 
ployed. The  formula  here  given  is  a  modification  of  the  well 
known  formula  for  "lait  virginal"  which,  however,  is  usually 
made  by  gradually  mixing  2  drams  of  tincture  of  benzoin  with 
enough  rose  water  to  make  8  fJ.  ounces.  However  combined 
a  milky  mixture  will  result. 


Violet  Toilet  Water. 
(H.L.T.) — According  to  the  Era  Formulary,  any  good  ex- 
tract of  violet  can  be  made  into  a  violet  water  by  mixing  1 
part  of  extract  with  4  parts  of  alcohol,  adding  a  small  quantity 
of  powdered  orris  root,  and  filtering  after  8  days.  Here  are 
two  other  formulas : 

Extract  of  violet    (from  pomade) S  fl.  drams 

Extract  of  cassia   (from  pomade) 8  fl.  drams 

Spirit   of   rose 4  fl.  drams 

Tincture  of  Florentine  orris 4  fl.  drams 

Cologne    spirit    1  pint 

Mix  and   filter. 

(2) 

Spirit   of   ionone,   10% 2  fl.  drams 

Orange-flower  water    4  fl.  ounces 

Rose   water    4  fl.  ounces 

Distilled  water   16  fl.  ounces 

Alcohol    36  fl.  ounces 

Mix  and  let  st.nnd  for  a  time  to  blend. 

London    Throat    Lozenges 

Finely    powdered    cubebs 60  grains 

Extract  of  licorice 350  grains 

Powdered    tragacanth    20  grains 

Powdered  sugar    60  grains 

Black  currant  paste, 

Water,  of  each  enough  to  make  a  paste. 
Mix  and  divide  into  100  troches. 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


467 


WOMEM  m  FHAIRMACY 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 

Mr.  Finneran  and  Prof.  Remington  Suggest  Ways  the  Druggist's  Wife  Can  Help 


AVERY  suggestive  address  was  made  by  J.  F.  Finneran, 
retiring  president  of  the  N.A.R.D.,  to  the  delegates  and 
visitors  in  attendance  at  the  W.O.N. A.R.D.  Conven- 
tion in  Philadelphia  the  week  of  Aug,  17,  1914.  Mr.  Finncran's 
suggestions  were  so  eminently  practical  as  to  the  manner  in 
which  the  women  folks  in  the  druggists'  families  could  be  of 
real  help,  that  they  are  well  worth  passing  on  to  the  great 
family  of  Era  readers. 

He  urged  that  women  work  to  bring  about  shorter  hours  for 
the  profession.  This  can  be  done  by  encouraging  movements 
for  Sunday  rest,  etc.,  and  by  bringing  about  good  feeling  among 
the  druggists  so  that  all  will  be  willing  to  join  in  doing  the 
right  thing. 

Another  valuable  point  made  was  that  the  women  could  help 
by  seeing  that  the  druggist  goes  back  to  the  store  on  time  when 
some  member  of  the  force  is  due  to  have  an  evening  off.  This 
point  was  one  which  seemed  to  strike  a  familiar  chord,  vet  it 
had  probably  never  been  touched  upon  in  public  before.  Natu- 
rally, clerks  are  dissatisfied  when  they  have  to  remain  way 
behind  their  time  because  the  head  of  the  business  or  depart- 
ment head  has  not  yet  returned  Perhaps  it  becomes  necessary 
to  break  an  important  engagement  or  to  inconvenience  others 
seriously,  when  the  clerk  has  had  every  reason  to  believe  his 
time  would  be  his  to  plan  for  as  he  chose.  Clerks  have  been 
known  to  leave  otherwise  satisfactory  places  for  this  reason, 
and  they  could  scarcely  be  blamed.     The   women  can   help   by 


having  meals  ready,  keeping  accurate  track  of  the  clerks'  days 
off,  so  that  the  schedule  may  not  be  lost  sight  of.  The  speaker 
is  a  large  employer  of  help  and  so  he  knows  whereof  he  speaks, 
for  it  is  sometimes  difficult  to  perfect  a  time  schedule  in  as 
large  an  establishment  as  that  of  which  Mr.  Finneran  is  the 
head.  Doubtless,  he  has  had  occasion  to  know  that  having 
meals  ready  on  time  in  the  home  is  a  great  aid  all  along  the 
line. 

Mr.  Finneran  pointed  out  that  it  was  entirely  within  the 
province  of  our  women  to  tell  their  friends  of  the  position  of 
the  drug  business  in  regard  .o  matters  of  vital  importance. 
Many,  through  ignorance,  think  that  the  druggists  are  opposing 
bills  limiting  the  sale  of  narcotics  and  a  serious  injustice  is 
worked  them  because  as  a  matter  of  fact,  they  have  no  objection 
to  properly  framed  laws  of  this  kind  which  apply  to  all  alike. 
The  best  of  narcotic  legislation  has  emanated  from  the  drug- 
gist himself.  In  this  and  in  other  points,  the  women  folk  of 
the  drug  business  can  help  to  set  public  opinion  right. 

This  gentleman  declared  that  the  N..\.R.D.  had  the  kindest 
feelings  for  the  organization  and  hoped  that  it  would  continue 
to  be  a  power  for  good. 

Another  inspiring  address  was  made  by  Professor  Joseph  P. 
Remington,  who  also  outlined  some  ways  in  which  the  women 
could  help.  •  He  emphasized  the  point  of  unselfishness  on  the 
part  of  sweethearts  of  college  of  pharmacy  students,  urging 
that   they   insist   on   deferring   marriage   until   the   student    has 


Prominent  Members  of  the  W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  at  Philadelphia 


TH.\T  the  Woman's  Organization  National  Association  of  Retail  Druggists  is  progressing  along  satisfactory  lines  is 
evident  from  the  report  made  by  the  secretary  at  the  recent  annual  meeting  held  in  Philadelphia,  the  roster  showing 
members  residing  in  34  States.  About  150  delegates  were  in  attendance  at  this  meeting,  among  them  being 
those  represented  in  the  group  shown  in  the  above  picture  and  "rounded  up"  by  a  photographer  at  Willow 
Grove.  The  ladies  shown  in  the  group  are  (left  to  right):  First  Row — Mrs.  H.  Wagner,  Cincinnati;  Mrs.  David  Ross, 
Philadelphia;  Miss  Stella  Wagner,  Cincinnati;  Mrs.  S.  C.  Henry,  Philadelphia;  Mrs.  E.  G.  Wallace,  .Auburn,  N.  Y. ; 
Mrs.  W.  L.  Brittain,  Cincinnati;  Mrs.  Otto  Groenland,  Cin  innati:  Mrs.  Louis  Emanuel,  Pittsburgh.  Second  Row — ^Miss 
Areta  B.  Johnson,  Penns  Grove,  N.  J.;  Mrs.  W.  E.  Lee,  Philadelphia;  Mrs.  J.  C.  Otis,  Cincinnati;  Mrs.  Walter  E.  Lee, 
Philadelphia. 


468 


THE    PlIAKMArKlTICAL    KKA 


[OCT0BI£U.    1914 


wQii  his  diploma.  Professor  Remington,  who  speaks  from  out 
a  Jong  and  varied  experience,  declared  it  liad  been  liis  observa- 
tion that  nuirriages  during  the  course  detracted  from  the  stu- 
dent's interest  in  his  work,  oftentimes  raising  a  serious  question 
of  finances  and  sometimes  necessitating  the  giving  up  of  the 
work  when  the  goal  was  almost  in  sight.  True  love  is  surely 
shown  by  consideration  of  the  best  interests  of  one's  dc\otion 
rather  than  by  a  weak  yielding  to  hasty  impulses. 

Professor  Remington  has  long  been  an  earnest  advocate  of 
pharmacy  as  a  field  for  young  women  and  was  much  pleased 
with  the  idea  of  the  establishment  of  a  scholarship  by  the 
Women's  Organization.  He  also  expressed  himself  as  convinced 
that  where  the  interests  of  husband  and  wife  were  a  common 
interest,  she  being  able  to  understand  and  sympathize  with  his 
difficulties,  happiness  and  success  were  much  more  likely  to 
wait  upon   them. 


Miss  Christina  Baunistark 


Mrs  Emma  Hiitson   Hutchinson 


D.\X  C'lTID  is  responsible  for  another  Gold  Medalist 
Lady  Pharmacist.  The  well-known  aphorism — ".\ 
prophet  is  not  without  honor  save  in  his  own  country," 
can  well  be  applied  to  ilrs.  Hutchinson.  Born  and  reared  in 
Decaturville,  Tenn..  she  attended  tlie  public  schools  prejiaring 
herself  for  entrance  to  the 
Fairview  .Vcademy  at  Centre- 
ville,  and  later  entered  Pea- 
body  College,  graduating  in 
the  class  of  1909.  She  took  up 
the  profession  of  teaching,  be- 
ing Principal  of  Schools  in 
Tennessee,  Missouri  and 
Louisiana. 

In  the  Spring  of  1912  she 
married  Mr.  Hutchinson,  a 
young  drug  clerk,  giving  up 
her  chosen  profession  as  they 
together  decided  to  solve  the 
"drug  clerk"  question.  They 
both  entered  the  Pharmacy 
Department  of  the  University 
of  Tennessee  in  the  Fall  of 
1912  and  graduated  in  the 
Spring  of  1914. 

As  is  characteristic,  Mrs. 
Hutchinson  entered  into  this 
work  with  the  same  spirit  that  marked  her  previous  achieve- 
ments and  as  a  result,  graduated  with  the  highest  mark,  being 
awarded  the  Gold  Medal.  When  she  came  up  for  examination 
before  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  she  again  made  the  high- 
est mark  for  the  year,  entitling  her  to  a  second  Gold  Medal. 
Both  she  and  IMr,  Hutchinson  are  clerking  in  Memphis  with 
an  eye  on  a  good  opening  to  embark  in  the  drug  world,  and 
we   predict   for   the   Hutchinson   Drug   Company   "success." 


Mrs.  E.  H.  Hutchinson 


It  is  most  interesting  to  observe  that  the  work  being  done 
by  Women's  Clubs  on  Pure  Food  and  Sanitation  is  now  in- 
cluding likewise  work  along  the  line  of  pure  drugs  and  in- 
formation concerning  unsafe  medication,  .^t  the  recent  Congress 
of  Woman's  Achievements  held  in  Chicago  at  the  Coliseum, 
June  IS  was  observed  as  Clean  Food  Day.  Three  places  on 
the  programme  were  occupied  by  women  from  our  own  ranks — 
Miss  Olive  B.  Pierce  and  Miss  Charlotte  E.  Stimson,  both 
registered  pharmacists,  and  Mrs.  C.  .A.  Storer,  ex-president  of 
the  W.O.X..\.R.D.  The  subjects  selected  were  "Foods," 
Mrs.  Sarah  Tyson  Rohrer,  Boston;  "Drugs."  Miss  Olive  Pierce; 
"Women  in  Pharmacy,"  Miss  Charlotte  Stimson;  "Propaganda 
Work  of  Woman's  Organization,  National  .Association  of  Retail 
Druggists,"  Mrs.  C.  A.  Storer.  There  was  also  an  address  by 
Miss  Helen  Louise  Johnson,  chairman  of  tlie  Home  Economics 
Department  of  the  General  Federation  of  Women's  Club.s,  and 
on  each  day  at  2  p.m.  demonstrations  w-ere  given  on  the  purity 
and  care  of  foods. 


Owing  to  the  resignation  of  two  of  the  officers  elected  by 
the  W'oman's  Club  of  the  Allied  Drug  Trade  of  Chicago  for 
1914-1915  the  following  corrected  list  of  officers  has  been 
ratified:  President,  !Mrs.  George  Lenz;  1st  vice-president,  Mrs. 
E.  G.  Earle;  2d  vice-president,  Mrs.  George  Mathison;  record- 
ing secretary,  Mrs.  H.  C.  McCracken ;  corresponding  secretary, 
"    i.  MintT;  treasurer,  Mrs,  Louis  Pelikan. 


MISS  CHRISTINA  BAUMSTARK  found  chemistry  to 
lie  her  most  interesting  subject  during  her  course  of 
regular  study.  This  led  her  to  enroll  in  the  Pharmacy 
llepartment  of  the  Marquette  University,  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  in 
the  Fall  of  1912.  Here  she  found  her  work  intensely  interest- 
ing and  still  feels  that  her 
time  was  more  than  well  spent. 
.'^he  graduated  in  due  season 
with  an  average  of  approxi- 
mately S.S  per  cent,  in  all  her 
subjects. 

^liss  Baumstark  has  been 
offered  several  positions  in 
retail  stores  but  has  decided  to 
devote  her  time  for  the  coming 
year  to  serve  as  an  assistant 
in  the  laboratories  of  the  Mar- 
quette Medical  School.  For  so 
young  a  lady  to  be  called  to 
so  responsible  a  position  is 
remarkable,  for  this  ililwau- 
kee  girl  was  only  20  years  of 
age  when  she  finished  her 
course. 

As  a  profession  for  women, 
siv;  considers  that  there  is 
nothing       better       for       those 


Miss  C.  Baumstark 


adapted  to  it,  as  it  calls  forth  their  exactness,  their  tact,  and 
their  ability  to  do  well  whatever  they  undertake.  That  Miss 
liaumstark  will  make  a  place  for  herself  in  her  chosen  calling 
is   to  be  expected   from  her   p.ist   fine  record. 


AROUND    THE    CIRCUIT 

Miss  Sara  Richardson,  daughter  of  Frank  Richardson,  Cam- 
bridge, N.Y.,  treasurer  of  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical 
■Xssociation,  has  accepted  the  position  of  pharmacist  in  the 
.\'ew  York  Infirmary  for  W'omen  and  Children.  Just  before 
her  departure  for  New  York  City  she  was  given  a  surprise 
at  her  home  by  a  company  of  30  young  lady  friends  who  pre- 
sented her  with  a  traveling  bag. 


Miss  Grace  Irene  Harper,  Ph.G.,  is  again  engaged  as  head 
of  the  Department  of  Pharmacology  of  the  New  York  Medical 
College  and  Hospital  for  Women  for  the  year  1914-1915. 


.Among  those  for  whom  a  short  memorial  service  was  held 
at  the  recent  W.O.N.A.R.D,  Convention  in  Philadelphia, 
were  Mrs.  Edwin  Yarnold,  of  Washington  Chapter.  No.  4; 
Mrs.  William  G.  Brown,  San  Diego,  Cal.;  Mrs.  Marie  Blahnik, 
of  Chicago  Chapter  No.  2;  Mrs.  S.  D.  Van  Deventer,  LeRoy, 
III. ;   Mrs.   Olga   Koehuken,   Cincinnati   Chapter,   No.  5. 


The  Louisville  Chapter  of  the  W.O.N..\.R.D.  held  its 
September  meeting  at  the  Public  Library.  Mrs.  W.  B.  Dixon, 
president  of  the  Ladies'  -Auxiliary  of  the  Kentucky  Humane 
Society  gave  an  interesting  address  on  her  work.  Besides  the 
regular  routine  of  business,  the  chapter  decided  to  take  a  boat 
trip  on  Labor  Day  to  Carrolton,  Ky.,  to  visit  one  of  the 
members  who  has  recently  moved  there.  The  organization  finds 
that  having  a  speaker  of  this  kind  is  productive  of  much  in- 
terest and  in  addition  to  this,  it  is  bringing  the  work  of  the 
W.O.N  ..A.R.D.  to  the  favorable  attention  of  other  organi- 
zations. 


Mrs.  Charles  A.  Storer,  ex-president  of  the  W.O.N..\.R.D., 
has  met  with  a  rather  serious  accident.  She  fell  and  broke 
one  of  the  bones  in  her  right  hand.  The  sympathy  of  her 
many  friends  in  the  organization  is  extended  to  her. 


.\  most  courteous  and  interesting  letter  from  .Aime  J.  La- 
chapelle,  Ph.D.,  of  Turner's  Falls,  Mass.,  says  that  it  is  his 
desire  "To  encourage  all  young  w-omen  to  enter  the  pharma- 
ceutical fields,  for  it  is  an  interesting  one,  and,  as  a  rule, 
what  a  woman  undertakes  is  generally  a  success."  These  words 
of  encouragement  are  gratefully  received.  When  a  woman  goes 
into  a  profession  of  this  nature,  it  usually  requires  ability, 
courage  and  determination,  hence,  perhaps,  our  women  are 
"picked''  ones,  which  accounts  in  a  measure,  at  least,  for  the 
splendid   nature  of  their  achievements. 


'  'JtFSvC      ■  ■ 


iv^*Ym*vmwz^vibymy^Mm^Hi}mmi^^^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


Baltimore  Druggist  Talks  of  Travels 

HA.  B.  DCXXIXG,  of  the  firm  of  Hynson.  Westcott 
&  Co.,  manufacturing  pharmacists  at  Franklin  and 
*  Charles  streets.  Bahimore,  who  was  the  only  Balti- 
morean  on  the  trip  with  the  New  York  German  Apothecaries 
to    Europe,    has    returned,     and    speaks     interestingly    of    his 

travels.  For  one 
brief  period  he  fell 
under  the  suspicion 
of  being  perhaps  a 
British  spy.  but  he 
soon  proved  to  the 
satisfaction  of  the 
German  authorities 
that  he  was  an 
.American  citizen, 
and  thereafter  he 
experienced  no  seri- 
ous trouble  on  ac- 
count of  the  war. 
though  the  conflict 
proved  unfortunate 
in  that  it  prevented 
the  visits  of  in- 
spection to  some  of 
the  largest  of  the 
German  chemical 
works,  such  as  the 
Farbe  nfabriken, 
Merck  &  Co.,  and 
others.  Only  one  of  the  laboratories  of  any  size  was  seen, 
this  being  in  Berlin,  where  Professor  Dr.  Thorns  lectured  at 
the  university  for  the  benefit  of  the  .Americans  on  some  of  the 
wonders  of  liquid  air  and  other  subjects,  the  discourse  being 
in  a  popular  rather  than  a  severely  scientific  vein.  llr.  Dun- 
ning found  the  establishment  of  the  Deutsche  -Apotheker 
Gesellschaft  in  Berlin  very  interesting.  This  organization  con- 
ducts a  co-operative  concern,  manufacturing  a  line  of  products 
and  buying  others  in  large  quantities,  much  after  the  manner 
of  some  of  the  .American  corporations,  such  as  the  Calvert 
Drug  Company  in  Baltimore.  Members  are  supplied  with 
goods  at  wholesale  prices  plus  the  cost  of  doing  business,  or, 
in  the  case  of  manufacturers,  of  the  expense  of  production. 
The  Berlin  establishment  proved  to  be  well  arranged,  liberally 
stocked  and  progressive  in  its  methods,  and  the  officials  were 
very  hospitable,  giving  the  visitors  a  dinner,  and  providing 
other  entertainment. 

Because  of  the  war,  as  stated,  the  program  was  greatly  in- 
terfered with  and  the  .Americans  had  small  opportunity  to  get 
in  touch  with  pharmacists  as  a  class,  llr.  Dunning,  however, 
visited  a  number  of  the  drug  stores  in  the  different  countries 
traversed  and  found  them  as  a  rule  smaller  than  American 
establishments.  They  carried  few,  if  any,  patent  medicines 
and  none  of  the  side  lines  so  common  in  this  country,  and 
the  number  of  stores  was  also  far  below  that  in  any  .American 
city.  The  pharmacists,  however,  appeared  to  be  held  in  high 
respect  and  ranked  with  professional  men  rather  than  with 
merchants,    their    educational    standards    being    very    advanced. 


H.    A.   B.   DuxxiXG 


In  Germany,  for  instance,  a  Ph.  D.  is  required  for  the  study 
of  pharmacy,  which  brings  into  the  profession  a  select  and 
thoroughly  equipped  class  of  men,  whose  relations  with  the 
physicians  are  necessarily  close. 

The  party  left  Xew  York  July  2,  with  Bremen  as  its  desti- 
nation. From  Bremen  the  .Americans  went  to  Berlin,  thence 
to  Leipzig,  to  Dresden,  to  Bienna,  to  X^uremberg.  to  Munich, 
to  Luzerne,  to  Basle,  to  Freiburg,  to  Heidelberg,  to  Darmstadt, 
to  Frankfurt,  where  the  trip  down  the  Rhine  was  to  have 
been  made.  This  journey  was  not  entirely  omitted,  but  the 
party  broke  up  at  Frankfurt,  some  going  here  and  other>-. 
there,  ilr.  Dunning,  the  war  having  commenced,  went  down 
the  Rhine  and  headed  for  Flushing.  Holland,  whence  he  pro- 
ceeded to  London.  He  toured  portions  of  England  and  Scot- 
land, and  after  a  week  went  over  to  Belfast  and  Dublin.  Then 
he  backtracked  to  England,  landing  at  Liverpool,  where  he 
took  the  steamer  for  home.  He  really  saw  little  of  the  war 
excitement  and  experienced  few  of  the  discomforts  and  checks 
which  other  .Americans  suffered,  and  got  back  in  fine  spirits. 


Pharmaceutical  Personalities. 


— Dr.  John  F.  Hancock,  of  John  F.  Hancock  &  Son, 
manufacturers  of  medicated  lozenges  and  a  list  of  other 
pharmaceutical  products,  in  Baltimore,  observed  early  in 
September  the  eightieth  anniversary  of  his  birth.  The  event 
was  recalled  by  a  host  of  his  friends,  and  a  flood  of  good 
wishes  poured  in  upon  him.  Dr.  Hancock  is  not  only  the 
oldest  pharmacist  in  Baltimore,  but  remains  in  active  pursuit 
of  business.  Every  day  finds  him  down  at  his  laboratories, 
applying  himself  to  details  with  the  vigor  and  alertness  of  a 
young  man.  He  is  commonly  believed  to  have  discovered  the 
fountain  of  youth  and  to  take  liberal  draughts  thereof  at  inter- 
vals. His  virility  was  strikingly  shown  at  the  annual  meeting  of 
the  A.  Ph.  -A.,  where  he  attended  all  of  the  sessions,  not  miss- 
ing one,  performed  a  lot  of  work  as  chairman  of  the  Procter 
Memorial  committee  and  in  other  capacities,  took  part  in  the 
social  events  and  returned  home  feeling  as  fresh  as  any  one. 
Mrs.  Hancock  continues  to  share  with  him  the  happiness  of 
a  hale  old  age.  time  also  having  dealt  lightly  with  her. 

— Frank  I.  Pierson  has  been  appointed  postmaster  of 
Leominster,  ilass.  This  ends  one  of  the  most  determined 
contests  ever  made  in  that  city  for  a  political  office.  The 
brother  of  the  State  governor  was  also  a  candidate  for  the 
position.  It  is  reported,  however,  that  Governor  Walsh  re- 
mained neutral  throughout  the  contest.  The  defeated  candi- 
date called  at  Mr.  Pierson's  drug  store  after  the  news  of  the 
appointment  had  been  given  out  and  congratulated  the  drug- 
gist, ilr.  Pierson  came  to  Leominster  in  1894  from  Fitch- 
burg.  He  opened  the  drug  store  in  Monument  square  which 
he  still  conducts.  He  was  bom  in  Boston  in  1869.  He  has_ 
had  drug  store  experience  in  Lawrence,  Lynn,  Cambridge, 
Boston  and  ilarlboro.  He  was  for  some  time  associated  in 
the  drug  business  at  Fitchburg  with  John  Hayes,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Hayes  &  Pierson.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Leominster  Club,  Court  Leominster,  F.  of  -A..  Leominster 
council.  Knights  of  Columbus,  Division  4,  .A.  O.  H.,  and 
Leominster   lodge   of   Elks. 

— M.  S.  Ingalls,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Halstead,  Kan- 
sas, who  is  past  the  threescore  and  ten  mark,  has  set  his 
fellow  townsmen  wild  with  curiosity.  While  a  concrete  bridge 
at  Halstead  was  in  the  course  of  construction,  Mr.  Ingalls 
secreted   in   one   of   the   forms  a   small  steel   box  containing  a 


470 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[OCTOBBE,    1914 


message  and  a  cigar  to  be  forwarded  to  the  President  of 
the  United  States  at  the  time  the  bridge  is  destroyed,  and  a 
gold  coin  to  pay  the  expenses  of  the  finder  in  taking  the 
message  to  Washington.  There  is  also  a  history  of  Halstead 
and  a  roster  of  the  inhabitants.  Placing  the  steel  coffin 
and  the  enclosed  articles  in  the  bridge  was  a  whim  of  Mr. 
Ingalls.  He  put  it  into  one  of  the  pier  forms  one  night 
after  work  hours  and  covered  it  with  a  wheelbarrowful  of 
concrete.  Early  the  next  morning  he  went  down  to  the  bridge 
and  remained  in  the  vicinity  until  after  the  workmen  had 
poured  many  loads  of  concrete  into  the  form.  Mr.  Ingalls 
later  told  all  of  his  secret,  except  to  disclose  the  contents  of 
the   message. 

— H.  B.  Watkins,  in  an  address  before  the  .Aberdeen, 
S.  D.,  Merchants'  .\ssociation,  pointed  out  that  the  business 
of  the  retail  druggist  had  been  completely  revolutionized  in 
the  last  few  years.  He  asserted  that  the  druggist  had  gradu- 
ated into  the  ranks  of  commercialism  from  the  ranks  of  a 
profession.  The  apothecary  shop  has  become  the  drug  store. 
The  druggist  must  keep  abreast  with  the  advances  in  phar- 
macy and  at  the  same  time  must  become  familiar  with  buving 
lore,  must  learn  to  sell  and  advertise,  must  be  able  to  analyze 
his  cost  of  doing  business  and  must  study  out  the  proper 
method  of  moving  his  stock.  The  most  important  thing  the 
druggist  must  leam  is  the  importance  of  placing  his  business 
on   a   safe   and   sane   credit   basis. 

— O.  B.  Thtima,  of  Cincinnati,  president  of  the  National 
Co-operative  Drug  Company,  who  has  been  the  manager  of 
the  Economy  Drug  Company,  the  retail  string  affiliated  with 
the  National,  was  painfully  injured  in  an  automobile  accident 
just  as  he  was  about  to  leave  for  St.  Louis.  He  and  George 
E.  Brown,  secretary  of  the  company,  were  in  an  automobile 
which  overturned,  both  of  Mr  Thuma's  arms  being  broken, 
necessitating  hospital  treatment.  Mr.  Brown,  however,  was 
able  to  go  on  to  St.  Louis  to  take  up  the  work  which  the 
two  drug  men  had  started  out  to  handle  there.  As  soon  as 
he  recovers  Mr.  Thuma  will  join  him  there. 

— James  B.  Deshong,  Harrisburg,  Pa.,  and  Mrs.  IMabel 
A.  Boyer.  of  the  same  city,  were  recently  married  at  Lancaster 
by  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Deshong,  father  of  the  bridegroom.  The 
wedding  was  a  surprise  to  the  many  friends  of  the  couple, 
as  the  plans  had  been  kept  secret.  According  to  report  the 
druggist  had  gone  to  Lancaster  to  visit  his  parents.  Mr. 
Deshong  is  a  ward  leader  of  the  Republican  party.  He  is 
said  to  have  the  reputation  of  having  obtained  more  State, 
coimty  and  municipal  positions  for  his  constituents  than  any 
other  ward   leader   in   the  city. 

— Fred  W.  Cook,  president  of  the  San  Antonio  Drug 
Co.,  San  Antonio,  Texas,  returned  last  week  from  a  three 
months'  holiday  spent  in  Germany,  Switzerland  and  France. 
Mrs.  Cook  and  daughter,  who  have  been  absent  in  Germany 
for  two  years  accompanied  him.  This  is  the  first  vacation 
that  Mr.  Cook  has  taken  in  a  number  of  years.  On  his 
return  he  said:  "WTiile  abroad  I  saw  many  interesting  things, 
but  nothing  impressed  me  so  much  as  the  sight  of  the  Statue 
of  Liberty  on  my  return.  There  is  only  one  Europe  and  that 
is  the  United  States." 

— Robert  R.  Levy,  proprietor  of  the  Forty-seventh  Street 
Company  and  president  of  the  Revelry  Theater  Company, 
Chicago,  111.,  is  candidate  for  the  Republican  nomination  for 
clerk  of  the  Criminal  Court.  He  has  been  associated  during 
the  past  with  realty  men  in  building  up  his  district.  He  is 
president  of  the  Illinois  branch  of  the  International  Moving- 
Picture  -Association  and  a  director  of  the  national  organiza- 
tion. He  is  also  a  member  of  the  Masonic  fraternity,  the 
Elks,  North  .American  Union,  Illinois  .Athletic  Club,  Hamilton 
'    Club  and  the   Independent   Order  B'nai  B'rith. 

— Rochester  Haddaway,  North  Fort  Worth,  Texas, 
druggist,  has  been  conferring  with  his  fellow  townsmen  on 
plans  to  improve  the  city.  One  movement  in  this  direction 
hjis  led  to  the  improvement  and  beautifying  of  the  church 
yards.  The  church  people  have  organized  and  agreed  to  an 
assessment  of  fifty  to  seventy-five  cents  monthly  for  the  pur- 
pose of  improving  the  church  yards  and  putting  in  sidewalks. 
Mr.  Haddaway  is  among  those  who  are  taking  the  initiative 
in  the  good  work. 

— H.  C.  Strartley,  pharmaceutical  chemist,  1518  Chest- 
nut street,   Philadelphia,   figured   prominently   at   the   luncheon 


of  the  Rotary  Club,  held  at  the  St.  James  Hotel  recently. 
Mr.  Swartley  selected  as  his  topic  the  reasons  for  the  upward 
sweep  of  druE  and  perfume  prices  since  the  outbreak  of  the 
war.  The  medicinal  plants  in  Germany  and  France,  he  said, 
were  practically  waiting  for  the  harvest  when  the  war  started, 
and  as  a  result  the  supply  of  last  year's  stock  is  very  much 
depleted. 

— H.  C.  Barby,  of  Roseburg,  Wash.,  by  letter  requested 
v.  S.  Senator  George  E.  Chamberlain  to  work  for  congres- 
sional action  in  the  direction  of  annulling  patents  on  drugs 
and  chemicals  of  European  manufacture.  Senator  Chamber- 
lain acknowledged  the  request  by  telegram,  stating  that  the 
suggestion  was  a  very  important  one  and  worthy  of  considera- 
tion. Mr.  Darby  is  employed  by  the  Hamilton  Drug  Co., 
Tacoma. 

— E.  J.  Liebetrut,  proprietor  of  a  drug  store  in  East 
Genesee  street,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  was  held  up  by  an  armed 
highwayman  who  got  away  with  a  gold  watch  and  chain, 
a  diamond  scarf  pin  and  a  small  sum  of  money.  The  thief 
followed  the  druggist  from  where  he  had  alighted  from  a 
trolley  car.  At  a  secluded  spot  he  drew  a  revolver  and  com- 
manded Mr.  Liebetrut  to  halt.  The  latter  halted  and  was 
relieved   of   his  valuables. 

Dr.  Henry  P.  Hynson,  of  Hynson,  Westcott  &  Co., 
Baltimore,  celebrated  the  thirtieth  anniversary  of  his  wedding 
on  Septemger  S.  The  event  was  obesrved  quietly,  but  none  the 
less  brought  a  number  of  congratulatory  messages  and  many 
gilts.  Though  Mrs.  Hynson  is  an  invalid  she  retains  a  most 
active  interest  in  current  affairs  and  keeps  up  with  the 
progress  of  pharmaceutical  developments  to  an  extent  that  is 
a  constant  source  of  surprise  to  her  numerous  friends. 

— D.  W.  Bole,  president  of  the  National  Drug  and 
Chemical  Co.,  Montreal,  Que.,  was  quoted  recently  as  assert- 
ing that  never  again  will  the  time  be  so  propitious  for  the 
Canadian  manufacturers  of  chemical  products.  Canada  must 
study  Germany's  methods,  if  she  wishes  to  turn  to  the  manu- 
facture of  aniline  dyes,  etc.,  and  liberal  funding  for  research 
purposes    will    be    necessary. 

— 0.  H.  Soetje,  prominent  druggist  of  Monticello,  la., 
was  perhaps  fatally  injured  when  an  automobile  in  which 
he  was  riding  jumped  over  a  30-foot  embankment,  throwing 
him  head  first  into  a  sandbank.  One  or  two  of  the  bones  in 
his  back  were  badly  shattered  and  his  injuries  were  such  that 
it  was  not  thought  he  could  live.  He  is  the  senior  member 
of   the   firm  of  Soetje   &  Tiarks. 

— ^Leonard  Coolbaugh,  who  for  five  years  or  more  was 
intimately  connected  with  the  drug  business  of  Elmer  Apple, 
at  22d  and  Berks  street,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  has  resigned  and 
will  make  a  tour  of  the  West  and  Southwest,  the  trip  to 
cover  a  period  of  three  months.  He  will  then  open  a  phar- 
macy in  Houston,  Texas.  Mr.  Coolbaugh  is  a  recent  gradu- 
ate of  the  Philadelphia  C.  P. 

— Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  W.  Bamford,  Reading,  Pa.,  tendered 
the  employes  of  Bamford  &  Kemp,  proprietors  of  two  phar- 
macies in  that  city,  a  reception  at  their  summer  home  on  the 
Kutzto«Ti  road.  The  day  was  pleasantly  spent  in  games,  con- 
tests and  music.  Baseball  was  played  between  teams  composed 
of  the  married  and  single  men  in  which  Mr.  Bamford  figured 
prominently. 

— C.  E.  Bradish,  manager  of  the  Live  and  Let  Live 
Drug  Co.,  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  recently  spent  several  weeks 
of  vacation  and  business  in  New  York  and  Boston  and 
vicinity.  Following  a  buying  tour  which  included  the  two 
cities  named  and  Philadelphia,  Mr.  Bradish  predicted  that 
the  supply  of  perfumes  imported  before  the  war  would  be 
exhausted  within  the  next  90  days. 

— The  Misses  Clara  and  Anna  Haase,  daughters  of 
F.  F.  A.  Haase.  of  Newark,  N.  J.,  a  member  of  the  German 
Apothecaries'  Society,  have  begun  their  engagement  wth  the 
Italian  Grand  Opera  Company  and  will  participate  in  its 
tour  of  the  western  and  southern  states  and  the  larger  cities 
of  California.  .After  their  return  next  Spring  they  will  go  to 
Havana.   Cuba,  to  begin  their  third  season  in  that  city. 

— E.  Stauffen,  of  Sharp  &  Dohme,  New  York,  recently 
returned  from  his  annual  visit  to  Europe.  The  rest  evidently 
has  done  him  much  good.  He  made  his  way  from  the  conti- 
nent  by   easy   stages   and   with   little   discomfort.     .At   London, 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


471 


he  succeeded  in  securing  passage  on  the  steamer  The  Royal 
George,  of  the  Canadian  Northern  line,  from  Bristol  to 
Montreal. 

— William  A.  Sailer,  general  manager  of  Sharp  & 
Dohme,  Baltimore,  who  has  been  enjoying  week-end  visits 
with  his  family  at  their  summer  home,  Snug  Harbor,  on  the 
Severn  river,  near  Annapolis,  was  in  this  city  on  a  flying 
visit  recently.  He  is  looking  fine  and  fit,  a  result,  no  doubt, 
of  the  numerous  cruises  on  the  Chesapeake  Bay  which  he 
has  enjoyed  in  his  gasoline  yacht,  the  Sinbad,  during  the  sum- 
mer 

— Randolph  Hinnen,  manager  of  the  Pioneer  drug  store, 
Avard,  Okla.,  is  a  candidate  on  the  Progressive  ticket  for  the 
office  of  county  judge.  Mr.  Hinnen  has,  for  years,  borne 
the  title  of  "W.  J.  Bryan's  double."  He  is  also  a  member 
of  the  Oklahoma  Ph. A.  and  a  representative  of  the  press  of 
his   city. 

— John  B.  Raser,  prominent  Reading,  Pa.,  druggist, 
writes  from  Munich.  Germany,  to  the  paper  in  his  home  town 
sympathizing  with  the  difficulty  people  there  are  having  in 
naming  their  new  hotel.  The  message  from  Mr.  Raser  came 
26  days  after  mailing  and  it  was  indicated  that  he  was  on 
his   way   to   Zurich,    Switzerland. 

—  P.  Henry  TJtech,  the  well  known  druggist  of  Mead- 
ville,  Pa.,  was  a  member  of  the  German  Apothecaries'  So- 
ciety party  which  was  touring  Germany  when  broken  up  by 
the  war.  Shortly  after  his  return  home  he  delivered  a  very 
interesting  address  upon  his  trip  before  an  audience  which 
packed  the   local  Zion   Evangelical   church. 

— S.  R.  Clayes,  of  Stockton,  Cal.,  was  painfully  injured 
when  he  was  thrown  from  a  street  car.  He  was  attempting 
to  get  on  when  the  car  started  suddenly  and  threw  him  to 
the  pavement.  A  floating  rib  was  fractured  and  his  left 
ankle  was  also  injured.  He  was  confined  to  his  bed  for  some 
time   after  the   accident. 

— E.  W.  Knoechlman,  a  druggist  of  Louisville,  Ky., 
was  dismissed  in  police  court  recently  following  an  accident 
in  which  he  ran  down  J.  A.  .'\bbott,  an  engineer.  The 
latter  sustained  injuries  which  resulted  in  his  death.  Evi- 
dence was  introduced  to  the  effect  that  the  accident  was 
unavoidable. 

— Frank  Gassaway,  of  the  Miami  drug  store,  Miami, 
Ariz.,  recently  returned  home  after  a  sbc  weeks'  automobile 
trip  spent  in  Southern  California  and  Northern  Arizona.  En 
route  he  visited  the  Grand  Canyon.  With  him  were  his  wife 
and  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Brayton.  He  reported  having  had  the 
time   of  his   life. 

— George  Pohlmann,  until  August  1st  with  the  Spokane 
(Wash.)  Drug  Co.,  was  inspired  with  sufficient  patriotism  to 
resign  his  job  and  leave  for  the  front  aboard  the  Italian 
steamer  Ancona.  M  Gibraltar  he  and  23  other  Germans  were 
seized  by  the  British.  George,  at  last  report  was  a  prisoner 
of  war,   but  had  escaped  the  perils  of  battle. 

— Theodore  Tpetrowicz,  drug  clerk  of  Chicago,  111.,  lit 
a  match  while  drawing  denatured  alcohol  from  a  barrel.  He 
was  burned  on  the  face  and  arms.  He  is  employed  by  the 
R.  W.  Hartwig  Drug  Co.,  800  Milwaukee  avenue.  The  re- 
sulting  fire   did   $5,000   damage. 

— A.  B.  Mclntyre,  prescription  clerk  at  the  Comer  drug 
store.  Roundup,  Mont.,  was  recently  painfully  injured  when 
he  attempted  to  open  a  bottle  of  ammonia.  When  the  cork 
did  come  out  the  liquid  followed  it  and  his  right  eye  hap- 
pened  to   be   in  the  way. 

— C.  P.  Trepanier,  Grand  Rapids,  Minn.,  who  had  been 
spending  some  time  at  Dorset  on  a  fishing  trip,  was  sud- 
denly taken  ill.  He  was  brought  to  Bemidji  and  placed  in 
St.   Anthony's  hospital. 

— John  L.  Brown,  clerk  at  the  Battlement  drug  store, 
Benton  Harbor,  Mich.,  was  married  recently  at  Fort  Wayne, 
Ind.  His  bride  came  to  that  city  from  her  home  in  Toronto, 
Canada.     A  two  weeks'  honeymoon  followed  the  ceremony. 

— Edwin  H.  Whittaker,  of  the  Red  Cross  drug  store, 
Ishpeming,  Mich.,  was  recently  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Ida  Olson,  of  the  same  city.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Whittaker  spent 
their  honeymoon   at   Grand   Island,  near  Munising. 

— George     B.     Cole,     well-known     West     Side     druggist, 


Wichita,  Kans.,  was  chosen  as  assistant  secretary  by  the 
executive  committee  of  the  Democratic  county  central  com- 
mittee.    His  headquarters  will  be  in  the   Bitting  building. 

— E.  R.  Sayler,  of  Springfield,  111.,  well-known  druggist 
and  past  grand  master  of  the  Odd  Fellows'  lodge  of  Illinois, 
has  been  appointed  superintendent  of  the  Odd  Fellows'  old 
folks'    home    at   Matfoon. 

— Chester  B.  Ryan,  assistant  manager  of  the  sundries 
department  of  I.ehn  &  Fink,  New  York,  accompanied  by  Mrs. 
Ryan,  left  recently  for  his  old  home,  Detroit,  Mich.,  where 
he  spent  a   short  vacation. 

Sharp  &  Dohme  will  soon  have  at  Baltimore,  Md.,  one 
of  the  most  complete  and  scientifically  equipped  laboratories 
in  the  United  States,  the  extensive  additions  to  their  plant 
progressing  most  satisfactorily. 

—  Thomas  E.  Shoemaker,  of  the  drug  manufacturing 
firm  of  Robert  Shoemaker  &  Co.,  201  N.  4th  street,  Phila- 
delphia, has  been  enjoying  a  very  pleasant  motorboat  cruise 
to   Jamestown,   R.   I.     Mr.   Shoemaker  returned  by  rail. 

-^Mr.  and  Mrs.  D.  C.  Hickey,  of  Rosen  Heights, 
Texas,  are  the  proud  parents  of  a  fine  baby  boy.  Mr.  Hickey 
is  proprietor  of  the  Red   Front   Drug   Co. 

— Clarence  H.  Dougal,  the  Main  street  druggist.  Water- 
bury,  Ct.,  recently  announced  that  he  was  not  a  candidate  for 
the   shrievalty   nomination   on   the   republican  ticket. 

— Fred  E.  Robinson,  pharmacist  for  the  Elliott-Wilson 
Drug  Co.,  Boone,  la.,  and  Miss  Violet  Frances  Brewster,  were 
recently    married. 

— Reed  Crane,  who  has  been  on  the  road  for  some  time 
for  the  United  Drug  Company,  has  been  made  assistant 
manager   of   that   company's   St.   Louis  office. 

— John  J.  Boehm,  a  druggist  of  Chicago,  111.,  has  re- 
ceived the  democratic  nomination  for  alderman  in  the  15th 
district. 

— Milton  M.  Mitchell,  associated  with  his  father  in  the 
business  of  the  West  Side  pharmacy,  Lima,  O.,  was  recently 
married  to  Miss  Leonore  Maud   Cox. 

— Frank  Kelley,  with  Flannery  Bros.,  druggists,  Jack- 
sonville,   111.,    recently    married   Miss   Lucile    Smythe. 

— L.  D.  "Wallace,  druggist  of  Rowley,  la.,  was  recently 
married  to  Miss  Blanche   Peyton,  of  Coggon. 

— ^George  Pafiterson,  druggist.  New  Britain,  Ct.,  re- 
cently married  Miss  Claire  Creau,  of  the  same  city. 


Proposed  Compensation  Act  in  Pennsylvania 
By  a  resolution  changing  the  constitution  of  the  state  manu- 
facturers throughout  Pennsylvania  as  well  as  retailers  can 
prepare  for  a  workmen's  compensation  act  which  is  sure  to 
be  the  outcome  of  the  next  State  Legislature  which  convenes 
in  January  next.  The  drug  trade,  retail,  wholesale  and  manu- 
facturing, will  be  directly  affected  by  the  act.  The  last 
United  States  Census  shows  that  in  Pennsylvania  there  were 
367  drug  establishments  and  37  chemical  plants.  In  the 
former  industry  the  number  of  wage  earners  who  would  be 
subject  to  the  law  2,761.  Their  wages  aggregate  $1,145,000. 
The  number  of  salaried  employes  who  would  not  be  exempt 
from  the  operation  of  the  law  "s  1.204  whose  salarvjs  are  bi,- 
342,000.  There  are  3,185  wage  earners  engaged  i"  *« 
chemical  industry  of  the  state.  Their  w^ages  total  $1,892,000 
There  are  369  salaried  employes  and  their  salaries  total 
$559  000  The  laws  of  the  State,  while  never  directly  par- 
tial to  industry  in  preference  to  the  laboring  element,  has 
been  it  is  said,  unintentionally  more  or  less  m  favor  of  the 
former  class  and  for  that  reason  has  failed  in  a  compensation 
law.  The  druggists  are  working  with  other  lines  to  have  an 
equitable  and  impartial  law  passed. 

Special  Meeting  Ohio  Ph.  A.  October  7th  at  Columbus 

The  Ohio  State  Ph.  A.  will  hold  a  special  meeting  October 
7th  at  the  Hotel  Chittenden,  Columbus,  Ohio.  All  members 
are  requested  to  attend.  It  is  called  by  President  Bowman 
upon  the  petition  of  25  members.  The  five-dollar  dues  are 
not  being  paid  with  sufficient  promptness  to  insure  the  placing 
of  an  organizer,  legislative  lobbyist  and  publicity  man.  in  the 
field.  Some  plan  must  be  devised  to  start  this  work  at  once, 
as  was  pledged  at  the  last  annual  meeting. 


472 


THE    PHAR:\rACElTICAL    ERA 


[October,  1914 


Obituaries 


ALBERT  BRUEN 


ALBERT  BRL'EX,  senior  member  of  the  wholesale  drug 
firm  of  Brueii,  Ritchey  &  Co.,  New  York  City,  died 
on  September  21  at  his  home,  256  Cumberland  street, 
Brooklyn,  after  a  brief  illness  from  bronchial  pneumonia. 
Mr.  Bruen  was  in  his  S-lth  year,  but  up  to  the  time  of  his 
fatal  attack,  \ycnt  daily  to  the 
Manhatt.an  office  of  his  firm 
and  was-  active  in   business. 

Bom  in  Madison,  X.  J.,  on 
March  12,  1831,  Mr.  Bruen 
entered  the  drug  business  as 
a  clerk  in  Morristown,  but 
soon  came  to  New  York, 
where  he  became  employed  in 
the  retail  store  of  Alfred  Hill, 
on  Greenwich  street.  .\fter 
a  year  at  the  Hill  pharmacy. 
he  was  engaged  as  clerk  in 
the  wholesale  house  of  Israel 
Minor,  at  214  Fulton  street, 
and  six  years  later  in  1857, 
was  made  a  member  of  the 
firm.  In  1860,  upon  Mr. 
Minor's  preparing  to  retire 
from     business,      Mr.     Bruen 

interested  Mr.  Alfred  Pinchot,  Albert  Bruex 

of  Milford  Pa.,   to  enter   into 

partnership  with  him,  the  new  firm  name  being  Pinchot  and 
Bruen.  In  1867  Charles  H.  Hobart  was  taken  into  the  firm,  and 
the  name  was  again  changed  to  include  all  three  partners.  Not 
long  after  the  retirement  of  Mr.  Pinchot  necessitated  another 
change  to  Bruen  and  Hobart.  In  1881,  upon  the  retirement 
of  Mr.  Hobart,  Mr.  William  P.  Ritchey  became  a  partner, 
the  house  becoming  known  as  Bruen  Bros,  and  Ritchey.  The 
accession  of  Mr.  Charles  C.  Bruen,  .\Ibert  Bruen's  oldest  son, 
later  caused  a  final  change  to  Bruen,  Ritchey  &  Co. 

Mr.  Bruen  was  married  in  1855  to  Miss  E'ecta  Cook,  and 
took  up  his  residence  in  Brooklyn,  where  he  became  strongly 
identified  with  church  and  philanthropic  work.  He  was  a 
deacon  in  the  Baptist  Temple  of  Brooklyn,  and  president  of 
the  board  of  trustees.  At  one  time  he  was  chairman  of  the 
Drug  Trade  Section  of  the  New  York  Board  of  Trade  and 
Transportation,  and  was  reputed  to  have  been  longer  engaged 
in  the  wholesale  drug  business  than  any  other  man  in  this 
city. 

ilr.  Bruen  is  survived  by  his  widow,  three  sons,  Charles 
C,  .-Mbert  E.,  and  George  D.  Bruen.  and  one  daughter,  Mrs. 
U.  D.  Frisby.  Interment  took  place  on  Thursday,  September 
24,  at  Madison,  N.  J. 

"Commodore"  C.  H.  Tompkins,  of  Schieffelin  &  Co.  relates 
that  on  February  1st,  1902,  he  called  on  Mr.  Bruen  at  his  of- 
fice, not  having  seen  him  for  many  years.  Jlr.  Bruen  greeted 
him  with  "Hello,  Tompkins,  what  brought  you  over  here? 
I  didn't  know  that  you  ever  left  your  desk  to  call  upon  any- 
body." Mr.  Tompkins  answered :  "Bruen,  I  am  out  to  make 
semi-centennial  calls.  Just  50  years  ago  to-day  I  entered  the 
employ  of  Israel  Minor,  and  they  put  me  to  work  under  their 
head  clerk,  Mr.  Albert  Bruen,  at  $8.00  a  week!"  "Probably 
they   paid   me   $9.00,"   was  Mr.   Bruen's   reply. 


dcnce  was  at  446o  Lindell  boulevard,  St.  Louis,  and  he  also 
had  homes  in  St.  Louis  county  and  Clayton,  N.  C.  He  was 
a  horse  fancier  and  was  for  many  years  an  enthusiastic 
yachtsman.  ■ 

He  was  the  author'  of  several  biographical  and  religious 
treatises,  a  Universalist  in  religion  and  an  Independent  in 
politics.  He  served  four  years  as  charity  commissioner  of  St. 
Louis.  He  is  survived  by  a  widow  and  one  child,  Mrs. 
Lugent   1".  Smith,   and  a  sister,   Mrs.  H.   F.  Joy,   of  St.  Louis. 

Dr.   John   J.    Louis 

Dr.  John  J.  Louis,  for  M  years  a  well  known  physician  and 
druggist  at  Haselton,  O.,  a  suburb  of  Youngstown,  died  at  his 
home  of  cancer  of  the  liver.  .-Vlthough  ill  for  some  time,  his 
end  came  with  comparative  suddenness  and  was  a  shock  to 
his  family  and  numerous  friends.  Dr.  Louis  was  born  in 
\'ermont  in  1848.  He  came  to  Youngstown  32  years  ago,  and 
for  15  years  was  engaged  in  the  practice  of  medicine.  M 
the  conclusion  of  the  latter  perio<l  he  decided  to  devote  his 
entire  time  to  his  drug  business.  This  he  continued  until  his 
death.  He  w'as  a  Mason.  His  widow,  an  adopted  daughter 
and  his  aged  mother  survive  him.  He  was  buried  at  Jliddle- 
town  Springs,  ^'t..  his  native  town. 


Jesse  Mercer  Battle 

Jesse  Mercer  Battle,  millionaire,  founder  of  Battle  Sc  Co., 
chemists,  died  of  heart  disease  at  midnight  on  Sept.  15,  at 
the  home  of  his  son-in-law,  Eugene  F.  Smith,  4505  Berlin 
avenue,  St.  Louis.  He  was  64  years  old  and  had  been  ill 
for  two  weeks,  or  shortly  after  his  return  from  his  summer 
home  in  Michigan.  Mr.  Battle  went  to  St.  Louis  about  forty 
years  ago  from  North  Carolina  and  began  the  manufacture 
of   proprietary   and   patented   products   in    1875. 

He  was  a  thirty-second  degree  Mason,  an  Odd  Fellow,  and 
a   member  of  various  other   fraternal   organizations.     His  resi- 


Charles  L.  Mason 

Charles  L.  Mason,  a  well  known  educator  and  prominent 
lawyer  of  North  Granville,  N.  Y.,  and  father  of  Harry  B. 
Mason,  editor  of  the  Bulletin  of  Pharmacy,  Detroit,  Micli., 
died  ,Tt  his  home  in  the  former  place  on  Sept.  7.,  agf;d  90. 
He  w^as  a  man  of  iron  constitution,  and  until  about  five  years 
ago  he  exhibited  more  endurance  than  most  men  of  sixty. 
Mr.  Mason  traced  his  ancestry  back  in  a  dirc:t  line  to  John 
Mason,  an  Englishman  who  came  over  to  Massachusetts  about 
1690.  He  was  twice  married  and  1  ad  five  sons,  of  whom 
two  survive — Frank  B.,  of  Springfield,  Mass.,  tnd  Harry  B., 
of  Detroit. 


RECENT    DEATHS 

— Edward  S.  Bloom,  proprietor  of  The  Temple  Phar- 
macy, .Ashland,  Pa.,  died  of  uremic  poisoning.  For  almost 
30  years  he  was  the  representative  in  central  Pennsylvania 
of  the  wholesale  drug  house  of  Shoemaker  &  Busch,  of 
Philadelphia.  Following  the  death  of  the  late  Louis  C. 
^'oshage.  a  year  or  so  ago,  Jlr.  Bloom  purchased  the  drug 
store  that  the  former  had  founded  more  than  a  quarter  of  a 
century  ago.  Mr.  Bloom  was  born  near  Bloomsbury,  N.  J., 
in  1852.  He  studied  at  Gettysburg  and  Lafayette  colleges, 
finally  taking  up  the  study  of  pharmacy.  He  was  an  Elk 
and  an  Odd  Fellow.  His  widow,  three  daughters  and  two 
sons    survive. 

— Henry  Berlin,  well-known  St.  Charles  avenue  phar- 
macist of  New  Orleans,  La.,  died  at  his  home  from  Bright's 
disease.  He  was  born  at  Hickory,  Tenn.,  in  1861.  At  12 
years  of  age  he  became  a  clerk  in  a  drug  store  at  Poydras 
and  South  Basin  streets.  While  thus  employed  he  studied 
pharmacy.  Later  he  became  manager  of  Cusachs'  pharmacy. 
He  never  married.  He  was  a  member  of  Union  lodge  F.  & 
A.  M.  and  of  the  local  B'nai  B'rith  lodge,  and  for  many  years 
was  an  active  member  of  the  Pythians.  He  was  also  a 
member  of  the  Y.  M.  H.  A.  and  a  director  of  the  Touro 
Infirmary. 

— F.  J.  Hunt,  of  the  Michigan  Drug  Co.,  Detroit,  who 
was  well  known  both  as  a  Mason  and  a  traveling  salesman, 
died  at  his  home  at  the  age  of  63  years.  He  was  born  at 
Parma,  Mich.,  and  came  to  Detroit  when  16  years  old.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  famous  Hickory  club,  numbering  500 
Michigan  men  who  were  cured  of  tuberculosis  at  Hickory, 
N.  C.  He  was  also  a  member  of  Charlotte  commandery. 
Knights  Templar,  Ashlar  Lodge  No.  91,  F.S:.\.M.,  and  the 
United  Commercial  Travelers.  His  widow,  two  sons  and  two 
daughters   survive    him. 

— Lewis  M.  Hudson,  40,  a  graduate  of  :Massachusetts 
C.  P.,  died  at  the  home  of  his  father  Herbert  A.  Hudson,  of 
Concord,  Mass.  Mr.  Hudson's  death  was  due  to  spinal 
trouble  which  had  its  origin  in  a  fall  that  occurred  while 
working  in  a  drug  store  at  Newtonville  two  years  ago.  He 
belonged    to    United    Brethren     lodge    of    Masons,    Houghton 


.October.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


473 


Royal  Arch  chapter,  Trinity  commandery  and  Aleppo  Temple, 
Nobles  of  the  Mystic  Shrine,  Royal  Council,  R,  and  S.,  F.  C. 
Curtis   camp.    Sons  of   \"eterans.    Union   club. 

— John  C.  Pecor,  of  JIaysville,  Ky.,  died  after  a  brief 
illness  at  the  age  of  67  years.  He  was  engaged  in  the  drug 
business  52  years  ago  with  Seaton  &  Broderick,  later  with 
G.  \V.  Blatterman.  who  succeeded  the  above-named  firm,  and 
in  1877  he  established  the  drug  business  conducted  by  him 
up  to  his  death.  He  was  one  of  the  best-known  druggists  in 
northeastern  Kentucky.  A  wife,  two  sons  and  three  daughters 
survive.     He   was  a  member  of  the  I.  O.  O.   F. 

— J.  Griffith  Howard,  died  at  Pitman,  N.  J.  He  was 
born  in  1860.  At  the  time  of  his  death  he  was  proprietor  of 
a  hotel,  but  was  at  one  time  a  pharmacist  at  36th  and  Market 
streets,  Philadelphia,  and  later  at  the  Medico-Chirurgical 
hospital.  He  was  a  graduate  of  the  P.  C.  P.  and  a  member 
of  the  Pennsylvania  Ph. A.  He  was  Past  Regent  of  Apollo 
Senate,  Xo.  6.  and  a  member  of  the  Great  Senate,  Order  of 
Sparta.     .\   widow   and   one   son   survive   him. 

— Charles  H.  Leickhardt,  43,  a  prominent  druggist  of 
Nashville,  Tenn.,  escaped  from  the  Oakgrove  Sanitarium,  Flint, 
Jlich.,  where  he  had  been  under  treatment  for  several  months, 
and  making  his  way  to  the  Grand  Trunk  Railroad  tracks,  was 
killed  by  an  express  train.  He  had  been  suffering  from  mental 
depression.  The  pharmacy  he  owned  was  located  on  the 
Public  Square  in  Nashville,  and  was  one  of  the  largest  in  that 
city. 

— William  K.  Davidson,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Alex- 
andria, \"a..  died  in  a  hospital  near  Baltimore.  He  was  a 
member  of  Andrew  Jackson  lodge,  No.  120,  F.  &  A.  M., 
Mt.  \"ernon  chapter.  Royal  Arch  Masons,  and  Old  Dominion 
Commandery,  and  of  Almas  Temple,  ilystic  Shrine  of  Wash- 
ington. He  was  one  of  the  charter  members  of  the  Bachelors' 
club.      .\    brother  and   a   sister  survive. 

— Francis  Davis  Colby,  Galveston.  Te.xas,  died  at  the 
family  residence,  age  89.  ilr.  Colby  had  lived  in  Texas 
40  years,  16  of  which  were  spent  in  Galveston.  He  had  re- 
tired from  business.  He  was  a  native  of  Warner,  N.  H., 
but  had  spent  many  years  in  the  drug  business  in  San  An- 
tonio and  Houston.  He  always  took  a  keen  interest  in  Gal- 
veston's civic  advancement. 

— George  L.  Bobbins,  vice-president  of  the  W.  B.  Hunt 
Drug  Co.,  conducting  stores  at  Wakefield,  Boston,  Cambridge 
and  Maiden.  Mass..  died  at  Corey  Hill  hospital,  followmg 
an  operation  for  stomach  trouble,  from  which  he  had  suffered 
for  years.  His  home  was  in  Brookline.  Previous  to  his  con- 
nection with  the  above  company  Mr.  Robbins  owned  a  drug 
store   at   Wobum. 

— William  Henry  Hall,  Jr.,  this  city,  youngest  son  of 
Wm.  Hy.  Hall,  for  many  years  connected  with  the  wholesale 
drug  firm  of  Hall  Sc  Ruckel,  died  recently  at  his  residence, 
44  Riverside  Drive.  He  was  a  member  of  the  New  York 
Yacht  Chib,  life  member  of  the  New  York  Athletic  Club, 
Automobile  Club  of  America  and  also  of  Kane  Lodge  F.&.A.M. 

— Edward  T.  Rice,  long  a  resident  of  Albany,  where 
he  was  a  member  of  Clements  &  Rice,  druggists,  died  re- 
cently at  his  home  in  Weehawken.  N.  J.,  in  his  seventy-sixth 
year.  Mr.  Rice  was  a  member  of  the  Twenty-fifth  New  York 
Regiment  during  the  civil  war  and  belonged  to  G.  A.  R. 
Post   No.   1.     His  widow  survives  him. 

— Walter  Brody,  a  druggist  of  5809  Glenwood  avenue, 
Chicago.  III.,  ended  his  life  (on  Aug.  19)  by  swallowing  poison 
with  suicidal  intent.  His  body  was  discovered  by  the  clerk  in 
a  room  of  the  Plymouth  Hotel  where  he  had  registered  as  a 
guest.  He  left  a  letter  telling  his  father  that  both  his  business 
and  domestic  life  had  been  failures. 

— C.  C.  Stratton,  well-known  druggist  of  Redwood  City, 
Cal.,  died  suddenly  at  his  home  in  Wellesley  Park,  follow- 
ing a  recent  ner\ous  breakdown  from  which  it  was  believed 
he  had  recovered.  He  came  to  the  above  city  six  years  ago  and 
became  associated  with  the  Walsh  Drug  Co.  His  widow 
and  two  young  sons   survive. 

— John  Francis  Slattery,  37,  graduate  of  N.  Y.  C.  P., 
died  at  his  father's  home  at  North  .Adams,  Mass.,  of  pneu- 
monia. He  was  born  in  North  .^dams  and  had  spent  the 
greater  part  of  his  life  there.  On  account  of  ill  health  he 
had  been  confined  to  his  father's  home  for  some  time  past. 


— Mrs.  Ruth  H.  Plaisted,  Norwalk,  '  Ct.,  died  at  her 
home  in  that  city.  She  came  to  Norwalk  30  years  ago,  a  son 
conducting  for  a  time  Plaisted's  drug  store.  Upon  his  death, 
ilrs.  Plaisted  took  over  the  management  and  ran  the  busi- 
ness herself.     .A  bi  other  and  sister  survive. 

R.  E.  L.  Smith,  until  a  year  or  so  ago  citv  salesman 
for  the  Wherrett-ilize  Wholesale  Drug  Co.,  Atchison,  Kans., 
died  recently  in  Washington,  D.  C,  where  he  was  seeking  to 
improve  his  health.  He  was  subject  to  heart  trouble.  A  wife 
and    five    children    survive   him. 

—A.  N.  Wachs,  one  of  the  oldest  residents  of  Oakland, 
Call'.,  died  recently  at  the  age  of  72.  He  had  been  in  poor 
health  for  more  than  a  year.  Three  sons  and  one  daughter 
survive   him.     Two  of  the  sons  are  druggists  at   Oakland. 

— Franklin  Bosworth  Crouch,  pharmacist  and  proprie- 
tary manufacturer,  died  of  valvular  trouble  of  the  heart  at  his 
residence  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  He  passed  away  while  sleep- 
ing in   a   chair.     He  was  67  years  of  age. 

— Walter  G.  Hedden,  57  years  old,  a  former  druggist 
of  Louisville,  Ky.,  died  recently  at  his  home  of  paralysis 
which  resulted  from  concussion  of  the  brain  received  in  an 
accident    August   26. 

— E.  Wayne  Butterfield,  25,  a  registered  pharmacist 
employed  in  Dorchester,  Mass.,  was  drowned  in  Grand  Lake, 
Danforth,  Me.  He  was  in  bathing  at  the  time  in  company 
with   his   brother. 

— Homer  Kendrick,  the  North  Fort  Worth  (Texas)  drug- 
gist was  drowned  Aug.  21,  in  the  Trinity  river.  His  wife, 
a  daughter  and  a  baby  boy  survive. 

— J.  C.  Fox.  73,  died  recently  at  Harper  Beach,  :Mich. 
For  many  years  he  was  a  member  of  the  one-time  firm  of 
McPike   &    Fox,    Atchison,    Kans. 

— -R.  A.  Roy,  druggist  at  Valley  Falls,  Kans.,  committed 
suicide.     Financial  trouble  was  given  as  the  reason  for  his  act. 

— Clarence  J.  Bechtol,  39,  a  North  Manchester,  Ind., 
druggist,   died   in  Hope   hospital.    Fort   Wayne. 

— Jacob  Kelly,  druggist  of  Toledo,  O.,  died  after  an 
illness   of   nearly  a   year. 

— W.  A.  Briggs,  druggist,  Hutchinson,  Kan.,  died  re- 
cently. 


CinciniLati  Drug  Clerks'  Outing 
The  Cincinati  Central  Drug  Clerks'  .Association  held  its  sixth 
annual  outing  recently  at  Diamond  Star  Grove,  in  Rosedale, 
about  200  of  the  members  and  their  families  attending. 
Probably  the  most  exciting  feature  of  the  program  was  the 
regular  ball  game  between  the  wholesalers  and  the  retailers, 
which  was  won  by  the  wholesalers,  by  the  liberal  score  of  13 
to  7.  Handsome  prizes  were  awarded  to  the  winners  of  the 
various  athletic  events,  as  follows:  Fifty-yard  dash  for  ladies, 
won  by  Edna  Wise;  100-yard  dash  for  ladies,  won  by  Mar- 
garet Wagner;  100-yard  dash  for  fat  men,  won  by  George 
Schultes;  100-yard  dash  for  thin  men,  won  by  Fred  Meyer; 
three-legged  race,  won  by  George  Wittenberg  and  Edward 
Mossmeyer;  ball-throwing  contest  for  ladies,  won  by  Clara 
Christopher;  shoe  race  for  boys  and  girls,  won  by  Laura 
Laugfels.  A  prize  for  the  best  waltzing  couple  went  to  Miss 
A'iola  Sculos  and  George  Bogert.  The  committee  in  charge  of 
the  event  consisted  of  Charles  J.  Meinberg,  Frank  Berg,  E.  C. 
Klein,  Robert  Wetterstroem,  William  Schultz  and  Albert  P. 
Krause. 


Agency  contract — Liability  of  Agent 
.A  contract  between  a  medicine  company  and  an  individual 
required  the  company  to  ship  proprietary  medicines  to  the 
individual  for  sale  at  retail,  and  bound  him  to  sell  at  prices 
fixed  by  the  company,  to  remit  each  week  one-half  of  the 
receipts  of  the  business,  to  submit  weekly  reports  of  the 
business,  and  on  the  termination  of  the  contract  settle  in 
cash  for  the  balance  due  the  company  on  account.  In  an 
action  by  the  receiver  of  the  medicine  company  it  was  held 
that  the  contract  was  not  a  contract  of  sale,  but  an  agency 
contract,  and  the  individual  paying  the  half  of  the  receipts 
for  goods  sold  was  not  liable  for  the  value  of  goods  in  his 
posse»-.ion  at  the  termination  of  the  contract.  (Dabis  vs. 
Woolsey,  South  Dakota.     Supreme  Court,   147  N.  W.  977.) 


474 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[October,  1914 


News  from  Associations 


CHARLES  A.    WEST   HEADS   THE   WHOLESALERS 


Members  of  W.  W.  D.  A.  Elect  Boston  Man  President 

at   Indianapolis  Meeting- — Main   Made   Secretary. 

Charles  A.  West,  of  Boston,  was  elected  president  of  the 
National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Association,  at  its  40th  annual 
convention,  held  at  the  Claypool  hotel,  Indianapolis.  The 
other  officers  elected  are: 

A'ice-presidents,  W.  J.  Mooney,  Indianapolis;  John  R. 
Tague,  Memphis,  Tenn.;  F.  E.  Bogart,  Detroit;  John 
Phinizy,  Augusta,  Ga.;  John  G.  Mason,  Waco,  Texas;  secre- 
tary, Thomas  F.  Main,  New  York;  treasurer,  S.  E.  Strong, 
Cleveland;  board  of  control,  Charles  Gibson.  Albany,  N.  Y.; 
Charles  E.  Bedwell,  Omaha;  James  W.  Morrisson,  Chicago, 
and  George  R.  Merrell,  St.  Louis.  F.  E.  HoUiday,  of  New 
York,   was  elected  as  the  association's  general  representative. 

In  his  annual  report,  President  George  W.  Lattimer,  of 
Columbus,  O.,  praised  President  W'ilson  and  asserted  that 
business  is  rapidly  adjusting  itself  to  the  conditions  imposed 
by  recently  enacted  legislation. 

The  new  president  and  a  near-dozen  of  former  presidents 
attended  a  dinner  at  the  Claypool.  Those  present  were:  W.  A. 
Hover,  Denver ;  George  W.  Lattimer,  the  retiring  president : 
Albert  Plant,  New  York;  C.  P.  Walbridge,  St.  Louis;  M. 
Cary  Peter,  Louisville;  L.  B.  Hall,  Cleveland;  C.  F.  Weller. 
Omaha;  Edgar  D.  Taylor,  Richmond;  Charles  A.  West, 
Boston;  Theodore  F.  Meyer,  St.  Louis;  Charles  S.  Martin, 
Nashville,   and   Wm.   Jay   Schieffelin,   New   York. 

A  miniature  500-mile  race  at  the  Speedway  was  a  feature  of 
the  entertainment  afforded  the  members. 


GROVER  PRESIDENT  OF  SOUTH  DAKOTA  PH.  A. 


Setiring  President  Urges  Prerequisite  Requirements. 
Consolidation  of  State  Schools  Is  Urged 

R.  O.  Grover.  of  Huron,  was  elected  president  of  the  South 
Dakota  State  Pharmaceutical  Association  at  the  twenty-ninth 
annual  convention  of  that  organization  held  at  .\berdeen  dur- 
ing the  past  month.  The  other  officers  elected  are  the  fol- 
lowing : 

First  vice-president,  C.  D.  Kendall,  of  Brookings;  second 
vice-president,  L.  E.  Sasse,  Vienna;  secretary,  E.  C.  Bent, 
Dell  Rapids;  treasurer,  A.  A.  Woodward,  Aberdeen. 

The  following  is  the  personnel  of  the  new  legislative  com- 
mittee : 

A.  R.  Fellows,  Sioux  Falls:  H.  A.  Sasse.  Henry;  F. 
W.  Bro\™,  Lead;  F.  G.  Stickles,  Mellette,  and  L.  E.  High- 
ley,   Hot   Springs. 

H.  J.  Schnaidt.  of  Parkston,  the  retiring  president;  C.  D. 
Kendall,  of  Brookings,  and  F.  D.  Kriebs,  of  Beresford,  were 
recommended  to  Governor  Byrne  as  candidates  for  the  vacancy 
in  the  State  Board  made  by  G.  F.  Swartz,  of  Redfield. 

In  his  annual  address.  President  Schnaidt  recommended 
that  the  standard  of  pharmaceutical  education  in  the  State  be 
raised,  and  also  that  only  graduates  in  pharmacy  be  eligible 
for  registration  in  South  Dakota.  He  also  recommended  that 
a  strong  legislative  committee  be  appointed  to  look  after  the 
interests  of  the  association  at  the  next  session  of  the  legisla- 
ture. He  especially  urged  the  enactment  of  legislation  curb- 
ing the  sale  of  narcotics  and  habit-forming  drugs. 

The  matter  of  prerequisite  pharmaceutical  education  was 
referred  to  the  legislative  committee.  The  special  committee 
appointed  to  consider  the  proposed  consolidation  of  the  State 
colleges  of  pharmacy  and  medicine  recommended  that  the 
matter  be  brought  up  at  a  future  meeting.  It  was  argued  that 
the  college  of  pharmacy,  now  at  Brookings,  would  be  con- 
siderably strengthened  if  the  medical  faculty  at  the  Vermillion 
institution  could  be  utilized  for  the  instruction  of  the  classes 
in  pharmacy. 

Secretary  E.  C.  Bent  in  his  report  asserted  that  no  'a'Kires 
had  been  reported  by  druggists  during  the  past  year  and  busi- 
ness conditions  were  very  encouraging.  I.  A.  Kieth.  a  former 
secretary,    Toseph    Wegener,    W.   R.    Irwin    and    J.   L.   Presz'er 


had  died  during  the  year.  Thirty-two  new  members  had  been 
secured  and  24  names  had  been  stricken  from  the  roll.  The 
memlK-rship  totaled  over  800. 

Treasurer  .V.  A.  Woodward  reported  that  the  association 
was  in  a  good  financial  condition.  The  balance  on  hand  at 
the  last  report  was  $3,872;  total  receipts  amounted  to  $3,016; 
disbursements,  $3,072,  and  the  balance  on  hand  to  date  was 
$3,816. 

D.  F.  Jones,  of  Watertown,  urged  that  South  Dakota  re- 
quire attendance  at  a  recognized  college  of  pharmacy  of  all 
applicants  for  registration.  He  also  urged  that  the  association 
take  steps  to  .secure  an  increase  in  the  faculty  at  the  school 
of  pharmacy  at  Brookings  in  case  that  institution  was  not  con- 
solidated with  the  State  medical  college.  Mr.  Jones  was  sup- 
ported by  F.  D.  Kriebs,  of  Beresford,  who  recommended  that 
the  possession  of  a  college  degree  by  an  applicant  be  one  of 
the  requirements  for  registration. 

Interesting  addresses  were  delivered  by  J.  S.  Brewer,  of  the 
Minneapolis  Drug  Co.;  W.  G.  Noyes,  of  the  Noyes  Brothers 
&  Cutler  Co. ;  Professor  E.  F.  Ladd,  whose  subject  was 
"The   Druggist   of   the   Future,"   and   others. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  at  Lake  Madison,  probably 
in  the  second  week  in  August,   1915. 

A  musical  and  dance  at  Dreamland  hall  was  an  entertain- 
ment feature  thoroughly  enjoyed  by  the  300  members  of  the 
S.  D.  Ph.  A.,  the  ladies'  auxiliary  and  the  travelers'  auxiliary. 
An  entire  day  was  spent  by  all  at  the  Country  Club. 


H.   C.   LITTLEJOHN  HEADS  VIRGINIA  PH.  A. 


Members    Would    Require    Diploma    of    Pharmacists 

from    Other    States — Object    to    Handling    Liquor 

H.  C.  Littlejohn,  of  Leesburg,  was  elected  president  of  the 
\'irginia  State  Pharmaceutical  .Association  at  that  organiza- 
tion's recent  annual  meeting  held  at  Richmond.  The  other 
officers  are : 

First  vice-president.  John  Bauer.  Richmond ;  second  vice- 
president,  T.  Ramsay  Taylor,  Norfolk;  secretary,  E.  L. 
Brandis,  Richmond;  treasurer,  H.  C.  Eley,  Suffolk;  local  sec- 
retary, J.  W.  Barnett,  Roanoke;  member  executive  committee 
for  three  years,  W.  H.  Lawson,  South  Boston ;  member  en- 
tertainment  committee,   three   years,    H.    J.   Brady,   Roanoke. 

The  association  named  John  E.  Jackson,  of  Tazewell;  H.  E. 
Orchard,  Lynchburg;  C.  D.  Fox,  Roanoke;  W.  T.  Reeves, 
South  Boston,  and  C.  D.  Owens,  Wytheville,  as  candidates 
for  a  vacancy  on  the  State  Board. 

The  following  were  appointed  members  of  the  legislative 
committee : 

W.  G.  Williams,  Char'otte  Courthouse;  T.  A.  Miller,  Rich- 
mond; T.  R.  Taylor,  Norfolk;  C.  H.  Goldsboro,  Culpeper, 
and  G.  T.  Mankin,   Falls  Church. 

The  association  decided  to  make  an  effort  before  the  gen- 
eral assembly  to  secure  legislation  providing  that  pharmacists 
wishing  to  practice  in  Virginia  must  present  a  certificate  of 
graduation  from  a  college  of  pharmacy  in  order  to  qualify  for 
registration.  The  members  favored  a  prohibitive  tax  on  ped- 
dlers of  medicines  throughout  the  State.  Stricter  anti- 
narcotic  legislation  was  also  deemed  necessary.  A  resolution 
was  adopted  to  the  effect  that  the  druggists  of  Virginia  pro- 
tested against  the  handling  of  intoxicating  beverages  by  drug- 
gists. A  committee  of  five  was  appointed  to  draft  a  bill  cov- 
ering this  last  matter  and  it  will  be  pushed  before  the  gen- 
eral assembly  regardless  of  the  election  of  September  22. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  at  Mountain  Lake,  Giles 
County,  the  third  Tuesday  in  June. 


G.   A.    S.   Collects  Money  for  War  Sufferers 


.•\t  a  meeting  of  the  officers  of  the  German  .Apothecaries'  So- 
ciety, held  early  last  month,  the  sum  of  $300  was  subscribed 
in  less  than  five  minutes  for  the  benefit  of  German  war  suf- 
ferers. The  subscription  list  will  be  circulated  by  the  society's 
messenger  and  all  the  members  will  be  given  an  opportunity 
to  subscribe.  It  is  expected  that  a  large  sum  will  he  collected 
in  this  way.  There  were  present  at  the  meeting  President  Dr. 
Charles  F.  Klippert ;  Vice  President,  Oito  P.  Gibcrt:  Secre- 
tary, Carl  Baum ;  Treasurer,  Robert  S.  Lehman,  and  Messrs. 
Otto  Raubenheimer,  Fred  Schaef'er,  August  Diehl  and  Hugo 
Kantrowitz. 


OCTOBBB,    1914] 


THE   PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 


475 


Reorganization  Changes  Effected  at  Detroit  Meeting  of  the  A.  Ph.  A. 


Sixty-second  Annual  Gathering  Marked  by  Large  Attendance 
—House  of  Delegates  to  be  Continued — Treasurer's  Re- 
port Shows  that  Total  Association  Assets,  Including  Funds 
Held  in  Trust  Are  $55,790.11.  Pharmaceutical  Syllabus 
is  Harshly  Criticised.  W.  B.  Day  Succeeds  Prof.  J.  H. 
Beat  as  GeneraiSecretary — To  Meet  Next  Year  in  San- 
Francisco. 

THE  dominant  features  of  the  sixty-second  annual  meet- 
ing held  in  Detroit  were  the  vast  amount  of  business 
transacted  and  the  promptness  with  which  the  various 
officers  and  committees  did  the  work  assigned  to  them. 
The  local  committee  was  largely  responsible  for  the  in- 
novation and  the  printed  programmes  distributed  and  bulletin 
boards  well  placed  served  to  enlighten  all  members  and  visi- 
tors of  the  progress  of  the  scheduled  work  and  put  them 
"wise"  as  to  what  was  going  on.  In  this  work  the  local 
committee  exemplified  the  "new  school  of  advertising"  in  that 
the  information  given  was  informative  and  well  sened  the 
purpose.  There  was  but  little  conflict  of  interests,  and  each 
member  was  given  the  opportunity  to  decide  with  some  de- 
gree of  intelligence  which  of  the  various  sections  of  the  as- 
sociation he  would  attend. 

Another  new  feature  adopted  was  the  reorganization  of  the 
sectional  work  of  the  association,  the  new  arrangement  pro- 
viding for  a  scientific  section  with  four  subdivisions;  (a)  chem- 
istry, (6)  botany  and  pharmacognosy,  (c)  biologic  assays,  and 
(d)  bacteriology;  a  section  on  commercial  interests;  a  sec- 
tion on  practical  pharmacy  and  dispensing;  a  section  on 
pharmaceutical  legislation  and  education ;  a  section  on  his- 
torical pharmacy;  and  a  women's  section.  Provision  was 
also  made   in  the   by-laws  for   additional  sections. 

The  attendance  was  one  of  the  largest  that  has  been  re- 
corded in  recent  years,  and  the  interest  was  sustained  from 
the  opening  session  oi  the  council  to  the  last  general  ses- 
sion of  the  convention  when  the  officers  were  installed  for 
the   ensuing   year,    as   follows: 

President,  Caswell  A.  ilayo,  of  New  York;  1st  vice-presi- 
dent, L.  D.  Havenhill,  of  Kansas:  2nd  vice-president,  C. 
Herbert  Packard,  of  Massachusetts;  3rd  vice-president,  Charles 
Gietner,  of  Missouri;  general  secretary,  W.  B.  Day,  Illinois; 
members  of  the  Council  Otto  Claus,  Missouri,  M.  I. 
Wilbert,  District  of  Columbia,  Caswell  A.  Mayo,  Xew  York, 
and   George   M.   Beringer,   Xew    Jersey. 

San  Francisco  was  chosen  as  the  meeting  place  for  1915, 
and  the  following  nominations  were  made  for  next  year's 
officers,  to  be  voted  on  by  mail: 

For  President:  Dr.  W.  C.  Alpers,  Cleveland,  Ohio;  Wilbur 
J.  Teeters,  Iowa  City,  la.,  and  L.  D.  Havenhill,  Lawrence, 
Kansas. 

For  1st  Vice-President:  Charles  H.  LeWall,  Philadelphia; 
Leonard  A.  Seltzer,  Detroit,  and  D.  F.  Jones,  Watertown,  S.D. 

For  2nd  Vice-President:  E.  A.  Ruddiman,  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
E.  O.  Kag>-.  Des  Moines,  la.,  and  C.  F.  Xitardy.  Denver,  Colo. 

For  3rd  Vice-President :  Linwood  A.  Brown,  Lexington,  Ky. ; 

E.  X.  Gathercoal,  Chicago,  and  C.  Osseward,  Seattle,  Wash! 
For  Members  of  the  Council   (Three  to  be  elected)  :   G.  M 

Beringer,  Camden,  X.  J.;  F.  M.  Apple.  Philadelphia:  Philip 
Asher,  Xew  Orleans;  E.  C.  Bent,  Dell  Rapids,  S.  D.;  H.  V. 
Amy,  Xew  York;  R.  H.  Walker,  Gonzales,  Texas;  J.  O. 
Burge,  Xashville,  Tenn. ;  C.  B.  Jordan,  Lafayette,  Ind. ;  and 
Andrew  Sherer,   Chicago,  III. 

New  Officers  of  the  House  of  Delegates:  President  W.  S. 
Richardson.  Washington.  D.  C. :  1st  vice-president,  C.  B. 
Jordan.  Lafayette,  Ind. ;  2nd  vice-president,  H.  M.  Faser,  Ox- 
ford  Miss.     Secretary,    Joseph   Weinstein,   Xew   York. 

Following  the  new  order  of  business,  there  were  no  ad- 
dresses of  welcome  by  officials  or  responses  by  members;  the 
asociation  after  convening  and  a  prayer  by  a  local  clergj'man, 
started  right  in  with  the  delivery  of  President  Beringer's  an- 
nual address.  The  address  was  a  masterly  review  of  the 
progress  of  pharmacy  during  the  year  and  contained  a  num- 
ber of  recommendations,  which  were  referred  to  a  commit- 
tee consisting  of  J.  H.  Lemberger,  Otto  Raubenheimer,  Thomas 

F.  Main,  R.  H.  Walker  and  Joseph  P.  Remington.     This  com- 


mittee  presented   a   report   later,    the   main   features   of   which 
were    adopted,    as    lollows: 

1.  Approving  the  objects  of  the  International  Pharmaceu- 
tical Federation,  and  recommending  that  the  Council  be  author- 
ized to  make  application  for  active  membership  of  the  A.  Ph.  A. 
in  the  same. 

2.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  the  number  of  mem- 
bers necessary  for  the  organization  of  local  branches  be  re- 
duced from  25  as  at  present  to  15,  and  that  the  Chairman  of 
the  committee  on  local  branches  should  provide  a  bulletin  to 
be  issued  to  the  local  members  suggesting  topics  for  dis- 
cussion. 

3.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  a  special  commit- 
tee be  created  on  Prerequisite  Laws  to  take  action  to  en- 
courage the  passage  of  such  laws  in  States  where  the  same 
do  not  exist. 

7.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  the  A.  Ph.  A.  join 
with  other  associations  in  urging  a  modification  of  the  pos- 
tal regulations  to  permit  the  shipment  of  medicine  by  parcel 
post  or  through  the  mail,  provided  such  medicines  are  not  of 
a  volatile,  corrosive,  or  explosive  character,  or  do  not  be- 
long to  the  class  of  habit-forming  drugs. 

8.  Approving  the  preparation  and  introduction  of  a  new  bill 
at  the  next  session  of  Congress  for  improving  the  status  of 
pharmacists  in  the  U.  S.  Army. 

9.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  some  plans  should 
be  formulated  for  the  protection  of  the  public,  and  for  the 
prevention  of  accidents  due  to  swallowing  bichloride  tab- 
lets, or  their  solutions.  This  subject  was  left  open  for  fur- 
ther action  of  the  Association. 

10.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  a  year-book  of  the 
A.  Ph.  A.  should  be  completed  and  published  within  a  reason- 
able time  after  the  expiration  of  the  year  which  it  repre- 
sents. It  was  ako  recommended  to  continue  the  publica- 
tion of  the   Code  of  Ethics  in  the  year-book. 

12.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  the  Committee  on 
Publication  be  paid  in  quarterly  sums  in  advance  to  cover  such 
additions  to  the  clerical  force  as  may  be  needed. 

13.  Approving  the  publication  of  an  Epitome  on  the  X.F., 
and  the  establishment  of  a  committee  on  propaganda  to  in- 
crease the  use  and  e.xtend  the  influence  of  X.F.  prepara- 
tions. 

15.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  the  President  or 
Council  shall  fill  any  vacancies  in  offices  of  the  various  sec- 
tions that  may  occur  during  the  year. 

16.  .\pproving  the  recommendation  that  the  nominating 
committee  when  selecting  candidates  for  the  various  offices  in 
the  Association  shall  be  given  more  time  in  which  to  meet  and 
make  up  its  report. 

17.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  local  braiiches  of  the 
.\.  Ph.  A.  should  nominate  a  member  for  the  Council  and 
that  the  Council  itself  shall  elect  or  decline  to  elect  as  may 
in  its  judgment  seem  best. 

18.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  the  function  of  the 
House  of  Delegates  be  restricted  to  the  consideration  of  topics 
of  general  interest.  The  report  also  stated  that  a  special  com- 
mittee should  be  appointed  to  take  into  consideration  the  whole 
subject  of  the   function  of  the  House  of  Delegates. 

19.  Approving  the  recommendation  that  the  Association 
should  have  its  own  committee  on  resolutions,  and  that  the 
committee  should  hold  open  session  for  the  discussion  of  such 
resolutions. 

20.  Approving  the  recommendation  to  provide  an  auxil- 
iary of  lady  members  who  shall  be  eligible. 

21.  -Approving  the  recommendation  for  the  consolidation  of 
some  of  the  sections. 

These  recommendations  were  adopted  by  the  Association,  a 
few  of  them,  however,  being  referred  to  the  Council..  The 
President's  recommendation  that  the  Council  take  into  careful 
consideration  the  preparation  of  a  Pharmaceutical  Syllabus, 
expressive  of  the  views  of  pharmaceutical  educators,  and  his 
recorrmiendation  that  a  special  committee,  consisting  of  the 
President  and  living  former  Presidents  be  provided  to  report  to 
the  Association  at  its  next  meeting  upon  the  subject  of  stan- 


476- 


THE    PHAKMACEUTJCAIi    ERA 


[October.  1!114 


dardizing   pharmaceutical   degrees,    were   not    adopted    by    the 
Association. 


Greetings  From  Other  Associations 
Among  the  delegates  presenting  greetings  from  other  associa- 
ti«Bs  were  Fernandez  Alvo.  president,  and  Dr.  Herera.  secre- 
tary of  the  Cuban  Pharmaceutical  Society.  The  first  named 
delivered  an  eloquent  address  in  Spanish.  Other  delegates 
who  spoke  were  George  W.  Hoover,  of  the  Bureau  of  Chem- 
istry: M.  I.  Wilbert,  of  the  Public  Health  Service;  J.  .\. 
Wolf,  of  the  Bureau  of  Standards;  Prof.  \V.  F.  Puckner.  of 
the  .\merican  Medical  Association:  Dr.  Wni.  Jay  Schieffe- 
lin  of  the  X.W.D.A.;  C.  M.  Woodruff,  of  the  National 
Manufacturers'  Association,  and  Charles  F.  Mann  of  the 
X.A.R.D. 

Treasurer's   Keport 

Aug.  Jan.  Tan. 

.15,  1913  1.  1914  15,  1914 

Lite     Membership     Fund $19,520.58  $19,699.03  $20  122  51 

Endowment                    "    5,7U.81  5,S2S,07  5,9+4  63 

Ebert     Legacy                ••     3,193.09  3,-'06.46  3,235.52 

Centennial                       ••     2,702.81  2,735.95  2,800.65 

Ebert   Priie                     "     1,019.02  1,039.40  1,060.18 


Total $32,149.31        $32,508.91        $33,163.49 

■■      Jan.     1,     1914 32,508.91 


Aug.    15,    1914,    Net    Increase   from  Jan.    1,    1914 $     654.58 

The   Association    Assets    August    15,    1914,    may    be    summed    up    as 
follows: 

Cash    in    Bank $5,372.95 

Bonds     10,000.00 


Available   Assets    $15,372.95 

Permanent     Funds     33,163.49 


Total    Association    Assets 

Funds   held   in   trust: 

Procter   Monument    Fund    $7,048.90 

College    Prize    Fund 34.86 

Rice    Memorial    Fund 169.91 


.$48,53fi.44 


7,253.67 

Grand   Total $55,790.11 

Henry    JI.    Whelpley,    Treasurer. 

SECOND  GENERAL  SESSION 
.\t  this  session  F.  \\'.  Xitardy.  of  Denver,  secretary  of  the 
Committee  on  Nominations,  presented  a  report  containing  the- 
names  of  the  candidates  for  ne.xt  year's  officials,  as  given 
above.  This  list  will  be  sent  to  the  members  and  the  vote 
taken   by   mail. 

H.  \".  Amy,  chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Weights  and 
Measures,  presented  resolutions  which  were  adopted  relating 
to  revival  of  the  campaign  to  make  the  metric  units  the  of- 
ficial system  of  weights  and  measures  in  this  country.  The 
incoming  committee  was  directed  to  co-operate  wifh  the  .Amer- 
ican .Association  for  the  -Advancement  of  Science,  the  .American 
Chemical  Society,  the  National  Wholesale  Grocers  .Associa- 
tion, and  all  other  interested  bodies  in  an  educational  campaign 
to  further  the  general  adoption  of  the  metric  system.  Steps 
will  also  be  taken  to  enlist  the  N.W.D..A.  in  such  a  cam- 
paign. 

The  reports  of  the  Committee  on  Editing  Rules,  and  on 
pharmaceutical  nomenclature  were  adopted,  while  the  recom- 
mendation for  the  .Association  to  become  a  member  of  the  In- 
ternational Pharmaceutical  .Association  was  referred  to  the 
Council.  C.  H.  Packard  of  Boston,  reporting  for  the  com- 
mittee on  membership,  stated  that  eighteen  members  had 
died,  130  had  resigned,  98  had  been  dropped,  showing  a 
total  loss  during  the  year  of  240.  There  had  been  390  appli- 
cations for  membership.  The  Committee  on  Procter  Memor- 
ial presented  its  report  showing  that  sufficient  funds  had  been 
collected  to  build  a  monument  to  the  late  Prof.  Procter, 
and  the  committee  was  authorized  to  draw  on  the  fund  as  might 
be  needed  to  defray  the  expenses  connected  therewith.  A  reso- 
lution was  also  passed  that  the  .Association  should  petition 
Congress  to  provide  a  suitable  site  in  Washington. 


ing  been  elected  by  the  Council:  General  Secretarv,  W.  B. 
Day,  Chicago,  111.;  Historian,  E.  G.  Eberlc,  Dallas,  Texas; 
Reporter  on  Progress  of  Pharmacy,  C.  Lewis  Diehl,  Louis- 
ville, Ky. ;  .Acting  Editor  of  the  Journal  of  the  .A. Ph. .A.,  E.  C. 
Marshall,  Columbus,  Ohio.  The  salary  for  the  General  Secre- 
tary was  fixeil  for  the  year  at  $75(1.  while  the  salary  of  the 
Editor  is  to  be  fixed  by  the  Council.  To  defray  expenses  ( f 
the  Conunittee  on  Syllabus  ?2.'-.00  was  voted,  and  for  the 
Committee  on  National   Formulary  S400  was  provided. 

Considerable  discussion  followed  the  presentation  of  the 
report  by  H.  B.  Mason,  Chairman  of  the  Conunittee  o<i  Re- 
organization. This  report  contained  a  number  of  r'-coinmcnda- 
tions  and  proposed  changes  in  tJ.e  By-Laws  to  make  them  ef- 
fective. .As  finally  adopted,  the  report  provided  tor  the  gener- 
al reorganization  of  sectional  work  as  outlined  abcve. 

.Among  the  changes  in  the  By-Laws  are  those  which  permit 
members  to  attend  Council  meetings  and  speak  from  the  floor; 
that  the  Council  may  elect  members  duly  proposed  at  any 
convenient  time;  abstracts  of  the  minutes  of  the  Council 
may  be  called  for  and  read  at  any  general  session  and  amended 
or  approved ;  lady  members  of  the  .A.  Ph.  .A.  and  women  of 
members'  families  are  eligible  for  membership  in  the  wom- 
en's section.  The  standing  committees  recommended  were: 
pharmacopoeial  revision,  transportation,  and  resolutions,  e"ch 
to  consist  of  ten  members;  pharmaceutical  syllabus  and  fcrmu- 
Ury  to  consist  of  seven  members;  time  and  pK,:e  of  meet- 
ing, Ebert  Prize,  general  prizes,  programme  committees  each 
to  consist  of  three  numbers.  The  appointments  are  to  be 
made  by  the  presidmt,  and  to  take  the  ola.e  of  committefs 
discontinued.  The  committee  on  programme  hereafter  will  con- 
sist of  the  local  secretary,  general  sccre-^urj-,  and  secretary  of 
the  Cotuicil.  The  a;,nual  programme  is  to  lie  published  in 
the  Journal. 

.A  vote  of  thanks  was  given  to  the  former  general  secretary, 
Prof    J.   H.   Beal. 


LAST    GENERAL   SESSION 
-At   the   last   general   session,   held  on   Saturday   morning,   the 
resolutions   reported    from    the    House    of   Delegates    were    ap- 
proved,   and    the    following    officers    were    announced    as    hav- 


HOtrSE    OF   DELEGATES 

On  the  organization  of  this  body,  the  committee  re- 
ported that  more  than  250  delegates  had  presented  or 
forwarded  credentials  from  various  pharmaceutical  organi- 
zations and  colleges  of  pharmacy.  President  C.  il.  Snow, 
of  Chicago,  was  in  the  chair;  in  his  introductory  remarks  he 
outlined  the  work  and  aims  of  the  delegates,  and  urged  prompt 
consideration  of  all  questions  that  should  come  before  them. 
.A  committee  of  five  was  appointed  to  study  the  best  means 
of  promoting  the  usefulness  and  efficiency  of  the  House  of 
Delegates,  the  committee  to  report  at  the  next  annual  meet- 
ing. The  committee  appointed  consisted  of  H.  P.  Hynson,  of 
Baltimore.  Chairman;  F.  H.  Freericks,  of  Ohio:  Joseph  Lem- 
berger,  of  Pennsylvania;  W.  C.  -Anderson,  of  New  York;  and 
F.  yi.  .Apple,  of  Philadelphia.  In  an  address  Mr.  Hynson  pre- 
sented the  outline  of  a  plan  to  form  a  congress,  which  should 
represent  the  various  branches  of  the  drug  trade  and  aim  to 
unite  all  interests  for  handling  problems  of  legislation,  bus- 
iness, and  the  general  welfare  of  the  trade.  The  endorse- 
ment of  the  Aeteran  Druggists'  -Association  was  approved,  as 
also  the  Metz  and  Stevens  bills  now  before  Congress.  Fol- 
lowing are  the  resolutions  reported  favorably  by  the  House 
of  Delegates: 

( 1 )  Resolved,  That  the  House  of  Delegates  indorse  the 
aims  and  purposes  of  the  Chicago  A'eteran  Druggists'  -Associa- 
tion, and  recommend  the  formation  of  similar  associations  as 
sections  of  the  local  -A.  Ph.  A.  branches,  provided  that  the 
members  of  such  associations  should  also  be  membTS  of  the 
-A.  Ph.  A. 

(2)  Resolved,  That  the  -A.  Ph.  -A.  instruct  its  representa- 
tives in  the  National  Drug  Trade  Conference  to  act  inmiedi- 
ately  in  connection  with  the  representatives  of  the  a"  led 
branches  of  the  drug  trade  in  the  Drug  Conference  to  draft  at 
the  earliest  possible  moment  a  bill  to  reform  the  3r"stnt  pat- 
ent laws,  registration  of  names  of  drugs,  and  the  granting  of 
sole  rights  to  sell  certain  drugs  to  the  people  of  the  X'nited 
States  suitable  to  the  best  interests  of  the  drug  trade  in  the 
I'nited  States,  and  to  urge  its  passage  at  the  earliest  poss'ble 
opportunity,  and  support  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.  is  hereby  pledged 
to   such   reform. 


OcTOfiER,  1914]  THE    PHARilACEUTICAL    ERA 

Stearns'  "Smoker"  one  of  the  Features  of  A.  Ph.  A.  Week  in  Detroit 


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ONE  of  the  features  of  the  entertainment  programme  provided  for  the  visitors  at  the  recent  meeting  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.  in 
Detroit,  and  which  will  be  long  remembered  by  those  who  were  present,  was  the  "smoker"  given  by  Frederick 
Steams  &  Co.,  in  the  mammoth  Wayne  Gardens  in  that  city.  One  thousand  druggists  representing  the  mem- 
bership of  the  A.  Ph.  .\..  the  Michigan  Ph.  .\.,  and  the  Michigan  Travelers'  Association,  sat  down  to  the  forty 
tables  provided,  at  each  of  which  was  a  representative  of  the  Stearns  Co.  There  the  guests  were  served  with  a  mighty 
good  supper  followed  by  "smokes"'  and  interspersed  with  stories  and  reminiscences.  The  novel  programme,  after  the  supper, 
started  off  with  everybody  singing  •'Hail,  Hail,  the  Gang's  .\11  Here."  and  this  was  followed  by  many  special  cabaret, 
musical  and  vaudeville  features.  Even  a  motion  picture  theatre  was  leased  outright  for  the  night  and  moved  to  the 
Wayne  Gardens  to  provide  entertainment  between  the  acts. 


(3)  Resolved,  That  the  A.  Ph.  .\.  make  all  possible  efforts  to 
have  only  graduates  of  recognized  schools  of  pharmacy  nomin- 
ated as  members  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  by  the 
State  associations  and  where  possible  to  have  such  arpend- 
ments  made  to  State  laws  as  will  make  such  qualifications  a 
prerequisite. 

(4)  Resolved,  That  the  incoming  president  be  and  is  here- 
by instructed  to  appoint  a  committee  of  three  members,  which 
committee  shall  confer  with  similar  committees,  appointed  for 
the  same  purpose  by  other  organizations,  upon  the  advisa- 
bility of  forming  a  congress  of  national  drug  and  pharmaceutical 
bodies  under  the  auspices  of  the  .\.  Ph.  .\.     And  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  the  results  of  the  conference  of  these  com- 
mittees shall  be  reported  to  the  several  organizations  represent- 
ed and  to  the  .\.  Ph.  .\.  at  their  annual  meetings  in  1915,  with 
such  recommendations  as  may  be  agreed  upon. 

(5)  Wheke.\s,  The  usefulness  of  the  House  of  Delegates, 
during  its  two  years'  existence,  not  having  been  such  as  was  e.\- 
pected  at  the  time  of  its  installation,  it  is  important  that  some- 
thing   be    done    to    increase    this    usefulness;    therefore,    be    it 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  House  of  Delegates 
that  increased  efficiency  can  be  secured  by  making  this  body  a 
peimanent  one  instead  of  making  its  existence  dependent  upon 
the  actions  of  the  Council. 

(6)  Resolved,  That  it  is  the  belief  of  the  House  of  Dele- 
gates that  the  Year  Book  should  contain  abstracts  of  papers 
submitted  by  the  members  of  the  -A.  Ph.  .\.  and  published 
in   the  Journal. 

(7)  Resolved,  That  the  president  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.  at  the 
opening  session  of  each  annual  convention,  shall  appoint  an 
official  censor  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  supervise  matter  given 
to  representatives  of  the  local  press,  and  insure  that  fair  and 
accurate  accounts  of  the  proceedings  and  business  of  the  asso- 
ciation during  such  meetings  shall  be  fairly  and  accurately 
printed. 


THE  SCIENTIFIC  SECTION 
This  important  section  held  two  sessions,  the  chairman.  Prof. 
E.  .\.  Ruddiman,  of  Nashville,  Tenn..  delivering  a  short  ad- 
dress covering  the  work  done  by  the  members  in  former  years 
and  making  some  recommendations  as  to  future  effort.  He 
was  followed  by  Prof.   W.  L.   Scoville,  who,  as  secretary,   pre- 


sented his  report  for  the  year.  The  committee  on  the  award 
of  the  Ebert  Prize,  through  Benjamin  L.  Murray,  chairman, 
reported  that  it  had  not  found  any  of  the  papers  presented  at  the 
last  meeting  of  a  grade  fulfilling  the  requirements  of  the  donor, 
and  therefore  no  award  could  be  made.  Dr.  E.  il.  Houghton, 
of  Detroit,  presented  the  report  of  the  committee  on  physiologi- 
cal testing  of  drugs.  A  resolution  was  adopted  requesting  the 
Public  Health  Ser\ice  to  continue  the  publication  of  the  Digest 
of  Criticisms  on  the  U.  S.  P.  and  X.   F.  preparations. 

The  following  officers  of  the  section  were  elected  and  in- 
stalled :  Chairman,  H.  Engelhardt,  Baltimore ;  first  vice-chair- 
man, W,  L.  Scoville,  Detroit ;  second  vice-chairman,  L.  .\, 
Brown,  Lexington,  Ky, ;  secretary,  W.  Mansfield,  Xew  York. 

This  section  was  opened  by  Chairman  Hugh  Craig,  of  Chi- 
cago, who  called  attention  to  some  of  the  educational  needs 
of  pharmacy.  He  recommended  among  other  things  that 
the  association  should  create  a  committee  to  survey  educational 
methods,  and  that  it  should  take  steps  towards  supplying 
efficient  pharmaceutical  educators,  trained  along  pedagogic  lines. 
He  also  thought  that  the  .Association  should  interest  itself  in 
the  modern  movement  toward  the  concrete  and  practical  in 
general  educational  practice,  and  that  steps  should  be  taken 
to  secure  the  better  enforcement  of  the  statutory  provisions  that 
safeguard  the  practice  of  pharmacy.  This  address  was  re- 
ferred to  a  committee  consisting  of  W.  B.  Dav,  E.  A.  Ruddiman 
and  il.  I.  Wilbert. 

Frank  H.  Freericks  presented  a  report  as  secretary  of  the 
section  which  contained  a  review  of  the  legislation  enacted 
during  the  past  year,  as  also  that  which  had  been  pro- 
posed for  enactment.  Caswell  A.  Mayo,  chairman  of  the  spe- 
cial committee  on  postal  regulations,  presented  a  report  on  the 
mailing  of  poisons.  He  stated  that  the  post  office  depart- 
ment had  under  consideration  a  regulation  which  he  be- 
lieved would  permit  the  legitimate  use  of  the  mails  for  the 
transportation  of  poisons,  and  at  the  same  time  would  pre- 
vent the  abuse  of  postal  privileges.  On  Friday  evening  the 
section  held  a  joint  session  with  the  .\merican  Conference 
of  Faculties,  and  the  National  Association  of  Boards  of  Phar- 
macy to  discuss  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Syllabus.  The 
debate  was  very  spirited.  H.  L.  Hilton,  of  Washington,  con- 
demning the  syllabus,  and  stating  that  it  was  a  disgrace  to 
.-American   pharmacy.     A   resolution   presented   by  H.   P.   Hvn- 


478 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[October,  1914 


son,  of  Baltimore,  was  adopted,  recommending  that  the  Asso- 
ciation re<iuest  the  N.  A.  B.  P.  and  the  Conference  of  Facul- 
ties to  appoint  committees  of  three  to  confer  with  similar  com- 
mittees from  other  national  organizations  with  a  view  to 
bring  about  a  congress  of  national  pharmaceutical  organizations 
under  the  auspices  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.  The  section  then  in- 
stalled the  new  officers :  F.  H.  Freericks,  chairman ;  and  R.  A. 
Kuever,   of   Iowa    City,   secretary. 


SECTION    ON   PRACTICAL   PHARMACY   AND 
DISPENSING 

This  section  was  called  to  order  by  Chairman  F.  W.  Ni- 
tardy,  of  Denver,  who  said  that  the  section  had  been  founded 
to  give  pharmacists  a  clearing  house  for  the  exchange  of  prac- 
tical hints  and  information  about  dispensing  and  to  aid  and 
foster  the  advance  of  pharmacy.  He  spoke  of  higher  pro- 
fessional attainments  and  of  the  reward  which  came  from  the 
practice  of  true  professional  pharmacy.  A  number  of  interest- 
ing hints  in  prescription  work  were  brought  out  in  this  sec- 
tion, and  the  discussions  were  of  a  most  practical  character. 
A  number  of  papers  were  presented.  The  officers  are :  Chair- 
man, Cornelius  Osseward,  Seattle,  Wash.;  secretary,  I.  A.  Beck- 
er,  Chicago,  111.,   associate,   D.   F.   Jones,  Watertown,   S.   Dak. 


SECTION   ON   HISTORICAL   PHARMACY 

This  section  w  called  to  order  by  Chairman  W.  C.  Alpers, 
whose  address  was  a  strong  plea  for  the  continuation  of  the 
section.  Among  the  recommendations  made  by  him  were,  the 
compilation  of  a  bibliography  of  past,  present  and  future  mem- 
bers, and  the  collection  and  arrangement  of  the  historical  matter 
now  in  possession  of  the  Association.  The  custodian  of  the 
collection  should  be  paid  a  suitable  salary. 

Secretary  F.  T.  Gordon,  of  Philadelphia,  read  a  report  set- 
ting ;orth  the  activities  of  his  office  during  the  year.  The 
report  of  the  historian,  Caswell  A.  Mayo,  was  read  by  title, 
and  was  accompanied  by  a  list  of  manuscripts,  photographs, 
etc.,  presented  to  the  Association  during  the  year.  One  of  the 
most  interesting  addresses  presented  during  the  week  was  that 
o.'  Dr.  Edward  Kremers  before  this  section,  on  the  study  of 
the  history  of  pharmacy.  In  this  address,  the  author  pointed 
out  by  means  of  numerous  lantern  slides  how  the  study  of 
pharmaceutical  history  could  be  made  both  interesting  and 
useful.  Following  the  address  of  Dr.  Kremers,  a  resolution 
■was  passed  that  the  historical  section  recommend  the  affilia- 
tion of  State  Pharmaceutical  Associations  with  the  established 
historical  societies  of  their  respective  States,  the  object  being  to 
encourage  the  collection  and  preservation  of  historical  pharma- 
ceutical material. 

The  following  officers  were  installed :  Chairman,  Frederick 
T  Gordon,  Philadelphia ;  secretary,  A.  H.  Clark,  Chicago ; 
historian,  E.  G.  Eberle,  Dallas,  Texas. 


COMMERCIAL    SECTION. 

This  sectirai  was  presided  over  by  Harry  B.  Mason,  of  De- 
troit. A  number  of  interesting  papers  followed  the  very  com- 
prehensive address  of  chairman.  The  officers  elected  for  the 
ensuing  year  are;  Chairman,  E.  H.  Thiesing,  Cincinnati;  sec- 
retary, David  Stoltz,  Syracuse,  X.  Y.;  associates,  W.  A.  Hall, 
Detroit;  E.  R.  Selzer,  Cleveland,  and  J.  B.  Thomas,  Baltimore. 


WOMAN'S  SECTION. 
Space  will  not  permit  a  complete  report  of  the  activities  of 
this  section.  The  reports,  however,  indicated  a  gratifying  in- 
crease in  membership  and  that  the  financial  condition  of  the 
section  was  satisfactory.  The  new  officers  are:  President,  Mrs. 
John  CuUey,  Ogden,  Utah;  first  vice-president.  Miss  Kate 
Harbord,  Salem,  Ore. ;  second  vice-president,  Mrs.  H.  M. 
Whelpley,  St.  Louis;  third  vice-president,  Miss  Jean  Gordon, 
Chicago;  secretary.  Miss  Anna  G.  Bagley,  Columbus,  O. ; 
treasurer,  Mrs.  F.  H.  Carter,  Indianapolis,  Ind. ;  historian, 
Mrs  G.  B.  Kauffman,  Columbus,  O.;  executive  committee, 
Mrs.  J.  O.  Burge,  Nashville,  Tenn.;  Miss  Zada  M.  Cooper, 
Iowa  City,  la.;  Mrs.  J.  G.  Godding,  Boston.  After  the  final 
adjournment  a  general  reception  was  held. 


ENTERTAINMENT. 
The  entertainments  provided  for  the  visitors  were  upon  a 
scale  that  has  seldom  been  equaled  at  any  annual  meeting  in 
recent  years.  There  were  the  president's  reception,  followed  by 
a  ball.  On  Tuesday  the  ladies  were  taken  on  a  trip  to  Bois 
Blanc  Island  and  given  a  supper,  and  on  the  following  day 
they  were  shown  through  the  shopping  district.  In  the  evening 
a  card  party  was  provided  in  their  honor,  the  gentlemen  being 
given  a  supper  and  smoker  at  the  Wayne  Gardens  by  Frederick 
Steams  &  Co.,  as  related  elsewhere  in  this  issue.  On  Thurs- 
day evening  the  entire  association,  including  the  ladies,  were 
taken  by  boat  up  the  river  to  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.'s  laboratories 
and  shown  through  the  plant,  and  afterward  photographed. 
The  trip  was  continued  up  the  river  through  St.  Clair  Flats, 
supper  and  dancing  being  provided  en  route  by  P.  D.  8:  Co. 
On  Friday  afternoon  the  visitors  were  given  an  automobile 
ride  through  the  principal  thoroughfares  of  Detroit  and  round 
the  famous  Belle  Isle  Park. 


"OBEY   BOARD   OF   HEALTH    ORDINANCE'' 


Jtlembers  of  Kings  County  Ph.S.  are  Advised  by  J.  H. 
Rehfuss   to    Wait    Until    182    is   Tested 

The  policy  of  the  New  York  City  Board  of  Health  wa« 
the  principal  topic  under  discussion  at  the  September  meet- 
ing of  the  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical  Society,  held  at  the 
Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy.  J.  H.  Rehfuss  suggested  that 
the  members  might  just  as  well  obey  amended  ordinance  182, 
until  this  measure  is  tested.  The  publication  of  secret  for- 
mulas on  the  labels  of  proprietary  preparations,  as  provided 
for  by  the  ordinance  now  tabled  by  the  Advisory  Council, 
would  drive  many  of  these  products  from  the  New  York 
market  as  their  owners  would  not  sacrifice  their  formulas 
for  New  York  City.  T.  J.  France  expressed  the  opinion 
that  the  only  way  to  determine  whether  the  Board  of  Health 
can  enlarge  upon  the  work  of  the  State  legislature  would  be 
to  bring  a  test  case. 

Otto  Raubenheimer  reported  that  the  work  on  the  new- 
pharmacopoeia  was  practically  completed  and  the  volume  is 
now  in  the  hands  of  the  printer.  It  should  be  in  the  hands 
of  every  pharmacist  by  the  middle  of  next  year.  He  outlined 
the  make-up  of  the  new  National  Formulary.  It  will  consist 
of  two  parts:  (1)  the  formulary,  and  (2)  standards  of  dru^ 
and   chemicals  not   in   the   U.S. P. 

Secretary  A.  E.  Hegeman  read  a  letter  from  the  Workmen's 
Compensation  Commission,  which  was  to  the  effect  that  drug- 
gists were  not  mentioned  specifically  in  the  compensation  act, 
but  might  come  under  the  paragraph  relating  to  the  handling 
of  merchandise  on  "any  dock,  platform  or  place."  J.  H. 
Rehfuss  thought  that  the  insurance  provided  under  the  act 
was  the  cheapest  that  one  can  buy  and  advised  the  members 
to  buy.  Ten  dollars,  he  said,  covered  a  pay  roll  up  to  $5000. 
For   $6.50   the   public   was   also   included. 

Communications  from  Brooklyn  druggists  were  read  to  the 
effect  that  they  considered  the  Boylan  law  a  workable  and 
adequate  anti-narcotic  measure,  providing  that  Board  of  Heahh 
ordinances  were  not  permitted  to  interfere  with  its  enforce- 
ment. Otto  Raubenheimer  elaborated  upon  the  little  evil  done 
by  the  use  of  paregoric  and  the  great  good  accomplished 
through  its  general  use.  He  asserted  that  it  was  the  duty 
of  pharmacists  to  put  a  check  on  the  Board  of  Health — now. 

Treasurer  .Adrian  Paradis  reported  the  sum  of  $456  in  the 
society   treasury. 


Illinois   Examination  for  Inspector   of  Pharmacies 

The  Illinois  State  Civil  Service  Commission  will  hold  an 
examination  for  Inspector  of  Pharmacies  on  Saturday,  Octo- 
ber 3rd,  at  seventeen  points  in  the  state.  The  examination 
is  open  to  residents  of  Illinois  who  are  between  25  and  60 
years  of  age.  Applicants  must  have  a  high  school  education, 
or  its  equivalent,  and  should  be  familiar  with  the  pharmacy 
law  and  the  methods  of  making  investigations  and  reports. 
The  duties  of  the  office  are  to  inspect  pharmacies  to  prevent 
violations  of  the  pharmacy  law,  and  to  institute  suits  to 
recover   penalties. 

Application  lists  were  closed  on  the  23rd  of  September. 
The   salary   ranges   from  $125    to  $150   per  month. 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


479 


CONFERENCE  AUTHORIZES  TEST  ON   182 


Time     Has    Arrived    to    Ascertain     How     Far    Local 
Health  Board  Can  Go — Will  Defend  a  Member 

At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  New  York  Pharmaceutical  Con- 
ference, held  at  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy,  and 
called  to  order  by  Chairman  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  the 
delegate-members  present  authorized  a  committee,  consisting 
of  Peter  Diamond,  John  Roemer,  Otto  Raubenheimer, 
Thomas  J.  France,  Vito  Calcagno  and  Alexander  Gardner,  to 
take  steps  to  protect  legally  any  person  affiliated  with  the 
conference  who  is  prosecuted  under  the  recently  enacted  Board 
of  Health  ordinance  182,  which,  in  the  terms  of  the  resolution, 
is  in  direct  opposition  to  the  Boylan  anti-narcotic  law.  This 
ordinance  and  a  proposed  measure  similar  to  the  Philippine 
proprietary  regulation,  which  has  been  temporarily  tabled  by 
the  Advisory  Council,  are  regarded  by  the  members  of  the 
Conference  as  "leaders"  on  the  part  of  the  Board  of  Health 
toward  the  ultimate  abolition  of  the  sale  of  household  reme- 
dies except  upon  prescription.  "This  is  really  a  national 
issue.  If  the  Board  of  Health  can  do  it  here,  it  can  be  done 
elsewhere,"  was  the  way  one  speaker  expressed  himself.  The 
consensus  of  opinion  was  that  it  is  about  time  that  druggists 
found  out  under  just  what  laws  they  must  proceed  and  how- 
far  the  Board  of  Health  can  go.  Immediately  upon  the 
unanimous  adoption  of  the  resolution,  delegates  from  Kings 
County  Pharmaceutical  Society,  the  German  Apothecaries' 
Society,  the  New  York  County  Pharmaceutical  Society  and 
the  New  York  Retail  Druggists'  Association  pledged  their 
organizations  for  their  proportion  of  the  expense  of  a  test 
case. 

Another  resolution  also  unanimously  adopted  was  to  the 
effect  that  the  Conference  favored  the  clause  in  the  National 
Pure  Food  and  Drugs  Act  providing  for  the  label  statement 
of  the  names  of  all  habit-forming  drugs,  but  was  opposed 
to  the  proposed  local  ordinance  which  would  require  the 
label  statement  of  the  names  and  quantities  of  all  ingredients 
in  a  preparation.  Such  regulation  would  be  a  discrimination 
against  the  druggists  of  this  city  and  was  really  a  matter  for 
State    legislation. 

Secretary  C.  A.  Mayo  reported  that  2700  cards  containing 
the  provisions  of  legislation  which  must  be  observed  by  local 
druggists,    had    been    distributed. 

Dr.  Anderson  reported  a  proposition  made  by  an  attorney 
to  destroy  the  chain  store  system,  the  same  requiring  a  fund 
of  $50,000  to  finance.  The  proposal  was  tabled,  the  state  of 
the   conference   treasury   not    justifying    its   acceptance. 

The  scheme  of  a  local  evening  paper  to  run  a  "pure  drug" 
tolumn  and  make  the  same  a  paying  proposition  by  adver- 
tising "investigated"  druggists,  was  elaborated  upon  by  Dr. 
Wm.  C.  Anderson,  who  with  a  Conference  committee,  had 
called  upon  the  publication's  advertising  manager.  The  com- 
mittee learned  that  the  "investigation"  was  to  consist  of  in- 
terrogating eight  or  ten  people,  possibly  neighbors  of  the 
druggist,  and  asking  whether  bis  store  was  all  right.  The 
committee,  in  the  name  of  the  retail  drug  trade,  voiced  its 
protest  against  this  form  of  publicity,  and  the  business 
manager,  who  was  also  interviewed,  took  the  matter  under 
advisement.  It  was  pointed  out  that  drug  stores  were  licensed 
by  the  State  and  inference  against  them  was  contrary  to  law. 
The  committee  was  thanked  by  the  members  of  the  Conference 
for  its  work. 

Among  those  who  attended  the  meeting  were  Dr.  Joseph 
Kahn,  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein,  John  Roemer,  Otto  Rauben- 
heimer, T.  J.  France,  Louis  Berger,  C.  A.  Mayo,  Dr.  Wm. 
C.  Anderson,  S.  V.  B.  Swann,  Dr.  H.  V.  Arny,  Thomas 
Latham,    Vito    Calcagno   and   others. 


AMONG  THE  ASSOCIATIONS 


The  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  R.  D.  A.  decided  at  a  recent  meeting 
to  act  with  the  grocers  of  that  city  in  keeping  down  the  price 
of  merchandise  and  to  be  influenced  in  price-making  only  by 
supply  and  demand. 

The  National  Federation  of  Drug  Clerks,  a  French  organi- 
zation, held  its  sixth  congress  at  Paris.  The  status  of  the 
trained  chemists  who  prepare  drugs,  compound  prescriptions, 
etc.,  was  the  principal  business  discussed.  Poor  organization 
was   given   a*;   the   reason   that   the  members  did   not   enjoy   the 


weekly  day  of  rest  which  was  the  custom  in  other  callings. 
It  was  deplorable  that  men  whose  duties  were  hardly  less 
than  those  of  the  physician  sliould  be  forced  to  endure  the 
long  hours  and  underpay  of  the  sweatshop  worker.  The  de- 
mand of  the  clerks  is  for  a  ten-hour  day,  with  a  system  of 
shifts  which  will  enable  each  clerk  to  have  one  full  holiday  a 
week. 

The  South  Dakota  Ph.  A.  Travelers'  Auxiliary  have  elected 
as  officers:  President,  Charles  R.  Long,  Mankato,  Minn.; 
secretary-treasurer,    William   Holliday,    Flandreau. 

Boston  (Mass.)  Drug  Clerks'  Union  28,  has  been  revived 
since  the  discharge  of  the  president  and  three  other  members 
of  the  union  who  were  employed  by  one  company.  In  one 
case,  it  is  said,  the  discharged  employe  was  offered  his  job 
and  increased  pay  if  he  would  withdraw  from  the  union. 
The  union's  membership  is  reported  to  have  increased  last 
month  to  more  than  500. 

The  Wisconsin  Historical  Society  will  have  an  old-time 
"corner  drug  store"  as  a  feature  of  its  Museum  at  Madison 
which  is  now  being  reorganized.  Druggists  of  the  State  long 
ago  donated  the  necessary  articles  for  the  exhibit. 

The  Wisconsin  Ph.  .A.,  following  the  recent  meeting  of  its 
executive  committee,  issued  a  circular  containing  a  list  of  all 
articles  on  which  it  was  deemed  there  was  a  legitimate  reason 
for  a  raise  in  price.  The  circular  aims,  it  is  reported,  to 
throw  the  responsibility  for  high  prices  upon  manufacturers, 
wholesalers   and    importers. 

Houston  (Texas)  pharmacists  have  raised  $200  toward  a 
$1,000  fund  to  be  used  for  the  purpose  of  stamping  out  the 
house-to-house  vendors  of  drugs. 

Miss  Flora  Scarborough,  of  Laurel,  secretary  of  the  Missis- 
sippi Ph.  A.,  was  authorized  at  the  last  annual  meeting  of  that 
organization,  to  tour  the  State  for  the  purpose  of  collecting 
dues  and  enlisting  new  members,  .^fter  several  weeks  of  work 
in  this  direction  she  had  obtained  about  100  new  members  and 
had  been  very  successful  in  collecting  dues.  She  has  report.'d 
to  the  officers  of  the  association  that  many  of  the  drug  stores 
throughout  the  State  are  conducted  without  the  services  of  a 
licensed  pharmacist.  This  will  very  probably  be  brought  to  the 
attention  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy.  The  next  annual  con- 
vention will  be  held  at  Jackson.  J.  W.  Harding,  local  secre- 
tary,  is  chairman   of  the   entertainment  committee. 

the  Troy  (N.  Y.)  Ph.  A.  held  its  I3th  annual  field  day  ^nd 
clambake  recently,  about  85  members  and  their  friends  at- 
tending. A  baseball  game  was  a  feature,  the  teams  being 
captained  by  James  T.  O'Sullivan  and  Michael  P.  Cavanaugh. 
The  game  was  terminated  because  of  the  losing  of  the  third 
baseball  the  picnickers  had  brought  with  them.  Warren  L. 
Bradt,  secretary  of  the  New  York  Board,  was  a  guest  of  the 
association. 

The  executive  board  of  the  Milwaukee  Ph.  A,  held  a  meeting 
last  month  which  was  largely  attended.  Those  present  dis- 
cussed the  problem  of  securing  imported  drugs  at  reasonable 
prices  and  a  resolution  was  adopted  which  called  for  a  meet- 
ing to  be  held  in  the  near  future  for  the  purpose  of  working 
out   a  solution. 

The  Michigan  State  Ph.  A.  elected  the  following  officers  at 
its  recent  convention,  held  at  Detroit :  President,  Grant 
Stevens,  Detroit;  vice-president,  J.  A.  Skinner,  Cold  Springs; 
secretary,  D.  D.  Alton,  Fremont;  treasurer,  E.  C.  Varnum, 
Jonesville;  executive  committee:  Edward  Austin,  Midland; 
A,  L.  Hemzinga,   Holland,   and   J.   A.  Webster,   Detroit. 

The  San  Francisco  R.  D.  A.  has  elected  the  following 
officers:  President,  H.  A.  Gerdes;  vice-president,  J.  M.  Cas- 
selman;  secretary-treasurer,  N.  S.  Schwartz;  executive  com- 
mittee: D.  R.  Rees,  J.  R.  Lewis,  I.  Beck,  E.  R,  McDonald, 
J.  Farren,  L.  Harris  and  K.  B.  Eowerman, 

A  number  of  Canton,  Ohio,  druggists,  members  of  the  local 
Chamber  of  Commerce,  have  secured  permission  from  the 
directors  of  the  Retail  Merchants'  Association,  to  organize  a 
supplementary  organization.  The  new  association  will  be 
auxiliary  to  the  R.  M.  .'\.,  which  in  turn  is  supplementary  to 
the   Chamber  of  Commerce. 

The  Henry  County  (III.)  Druggists'  Association  held  its 
semi-annual  meeting  at  Galva.  The  attendance  was  large. 
H.  L.  Day,  of  the  Illinois  Ph.  .■\.  and  secretary  of  the  above 
organization,  made  the  principal  address.  .'\t  noon  a  fine 
banquet  was  served  at  the  Hotel  Best.  .•Ml  the  physicians  of 
the  city  were  the  guests  of  the  druggists. 


480 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


I  October.  11)14 


Schools  and  Colleges 


New  York  College  of  Phai-macy,  Columbia  University 

The  S5th  session  of  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy 
opened  September  21,  with  the  following  enrolment:  Junior 
class.  275;  senior  class.  ISO;  post  graduate  class,  12.  There 
are  20  students  in  each  of  the  University  classes. 

The  registration  books  for  the  Thursday  evening  course 
under  the  direction  of  Professor  Wm.  Mansfield  have  not  yet 
been  opened,  but  from  the  number  of  communications  re- 
ceived it  is  believed  that  every  seat  will  be  occupied.  Special 
drop  lights  for  the  desks  in  the  pharmacognosy  laboratory 
have  been  installed  in  order  that  the  microscopic  work  may  be 
pursued  as  well  as  by  daylight. 

Tlie  re-arrangement  and  addition  of  desks  in  the  dis- 
pensing laboratory  has  increased  the  capacity  of  that  room  by 
132  students.  Most  of  the  gas  lights  in  the  building  have  been 
removed  and  high  powered  electric  Tungsten  lamps  substituted. 

Mr.  Roon  has  plans  under  way  to  make  this  a  big  year  for 
the  student  organizations.  Many  of  the  members  of  last  year's 
successful  glee  and  mandolin  clubs  and  of  the  orchestra  have 
returned  to  college,  which  gives  these  organizations  a  good 
start   for  the  coming  year. 

On  the  evening  of  October  20.  the  first  regular  meeting  of 
the  college  will  be  held,  on  which  occasion  an  interesting 
lecture  on  stock  keeping  in  the  retail  drug  business  will  be 
given    by   a    well   known   New   York   pharmacist. 

During  the  summer  months  the  library  was  entirely  reno- 
vated, the  lighting  facilities  having  been  markedly  improved. 
There  has  recently  been  installed  a  crystal  showcase  for  the 
e-xhibition  of  the  rare  books  which  the  library  possesses.  It 
is  planned  to  make  systematic  exhibits  of  these  books.  The 
back  numbers  of  the  Chemisches  Centralblatt,  which  were 
ordered  for  completing  the  college  files  of  that  journal,  have 
been  held  up  by  the  war. 


His  position  will  be  filled  by  K.  \'.  l.ynn,  .\.  K..  M.  .-X. 
Mr.  Lynn  is  a  graduate  of  the  University  of  Washington, 
where  he  earned  his  first  degree,  and  the  University  of  Wis- 
consin, where  he  secured  his  Master's.  He  has  been  an  as- 
sistant in  chemistry  at  the  l^niversity  of  Washington  and  the 
University  of  Wisconsin.  He  was  at  one  time  instructor  in 
physics  at  the  .\delphi  College.  He  is  the  author  of  a  labora- 
tory guide  in  pharmaceutical  technique.  His  latest  work 
has  been  in  connection  with  research  on  the  poisonous  (to 
stock)    plants  of  Wyoming. 

St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy 
"If  you  have  ever  attended  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Phar- 
macy, send  your  name  and  address  at  once  to  Fred  W.  Sultan, 
chairman,  semi-centennial  committee,  112  North  Second 
street,  St.  Louis."  This  is  the  te.xt  of  an  appeal,  which  is 
being  sent  broadcast  in  an '  effort  to  find  all  those  among  the 
living  who  have  attended  St.  Louis  C.  P.  at  any  time  during 
the  fifty  years  of  its  existence.  The  college  will  celebrate  its 
semi-centennial  on  the  7th  and  8th  days  of  October  and  it 
is  aimed  to  have  present  all  of  the  living  alumni  of  the  col- 
lege. A  feature  of  the  celebration  will  be  an  organized  effort 
to  build  a  new  college  edifice. 


Oolleg*    of   Pharmacy,    University   of   Iowa 

C.  B.  Burnside.  '12,  '13,  was  married  recently  to  Laura  E. 
Woodward  at  the  home  of  her  parents  at  Lewis.  la.  Since 
September  1  they  have  been  at  home  to  their  friends  at  501 
West  8th  street.  Davenport.  la.  Mr.  Bumside  has  been  em- 
ployed at  the  Schlegel  pharmacy  since  his  graduation. 

I.  A.  Anderson,  '09,  of  Dow  City,  la.,  is  secretary  of  the 
Crawford  County  R.  D.  A. 

The  third  annual  home-coming  will  be  held  October  22,  23 
and  24.  at  the  time  of  the  Iowa-Minnesota  football  game. 

W.  J.  Husa,  '13,  will  be  storekeeper  in  the  department  of 
pharmacy  during  the  coming  school  year. 

H.  E.  Rutenbeck,  '14,  has  accepted  a  position  at  W'est 
Liberty,  Iowa. 

J.  F.  Kiedaisch,  '14,  is  now  located  at  the  Third  street 
pharmacy,  Burlington,  la. 

The  college  was  represented  at  the  .\.Ph..\.  convention 
at  Detroit  by  Dean  W.  J.  Teeters,  Professor  R.  .\.  Kuever  and 
Professor  Zada  M.  Cooper.  Dean  Teeters  was  re-elected  sec- 
retary of  the  Conference  of  Pharmaceutical  Faculties,  and  was 
also  nominated  a  candidate  for  the  presidency  of  the  associa- 
tion. 

Professor  Cooper  w-as  elected  an  associate  in  the  section  on 
education  and  legislation  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.,  and  Professor 
Kuever  was  elected  secretary  of  tlie  same  section  for  the  en- 
suing year. 

H.  C.  Otto,  '08,  has  purchased  a  drug  store  at  Park  River, 
N.  D. 

R.  O.  Grover,  '00,  Huron,  S.  D.,  was  elected  president  of 
the  South  Dakota  Ph.  A.  for  the  ensuing  year.  Mrs.  Grover 
was  elected  vice-president  of  the  ladies'  auxiliaiy  of  the  above 
organization. 


College   of  Jersey  City  Department  of  Phai-macy 

.^n  interesting  announcement  is  made  in  the  recently  pub- 
lished bulletin  of  what  was  formerly  known  as  the  University 
of  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  Jersey  City,  .According  to  the 
bulletin,  the  people  of  Jersey  City  requested  that  the  institu- 
tion connect  itself  in  name  with  the  city.  Prompted  by  this 
request  and  with  the  approval  of  the  State  Board  of  Educa- 
tion of  New  Jersey  the  name  of  the  college  was  changed  from 
"University  of  the  State  of  New  Jersey"  to  that  of  "College 
of  Jersey  City." 


Cincinnati  College  of  Pharmacy 
The  annual  alumni  banquet  of  the  Cincinnati  College  of 
Pharmacy  was  attended  recently  by  thirty-seven  graduates  and 
a  number  of  other  guests.  Joseph  \'isconti  was  toastmaster, 
calling  upon  a  number  of  speakers,  including  Dr.  F.  Cain, 
President  .Arthur  James,  of  Lebanon  L'^niversity,  who  spoke 
on  the  educational  side  of  the  profession ;  T.  W.  Kisker,  on 
"The  Ethics  of  a  Pharmacist" ;  C.  T.  Whitticamp,  Theodore 
Wetterstroerfi  and  James  Fabie. 


Department  of  Pharmacy,  S.  D.  State  College 
At  the  recent  annual  convention  of  the  South  Dakota  State 
Ph.  A.,  held  at  .Aberdeen,  considerable  time  was  devoted  to  a 
discussion  of  a  proposition  to  move  the  department  of  phar- 
macy from  the  South  Dakota  State  College  of  .Agriculture 
and  Mechanical  .Arts,  at  Brookings,  to  the  University  of  South 
Dakota,  at  Vermilion,  and  uniting  it  with  the  college  of  medi- 
cine at  the  University.  A  committee  was  appointed  to  con- 
sider the  matter  and  report  back  to  the  association. 


University  of  Illinois   School   of  Pharmacy 
A.   H.    Clark,   assistant   professor   of   chemistry   in   the   Uni- 
versity  of   Illinois  School   of   Pharmacy,   w^ill   pursue   advanced 
studies  during  the  ensuing  year  at  the  University  of  Michigan. 


Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy 
The  94th  session  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy 
was  opened  September  19th,  Dean  Dr.  J.  P.  Remington  in- 
troducing the  members  of  the  faculty  to  the  students  who  as- 
sembled for  the  occasion  in  the  college  auditorium.  The 
year's  work  in  each  department  was  briefly  outlined.  The 
incoming  class  represents  the  Philippine  Islands,  Honduras, 
Cuba,    Egypt   and    18   different  states. 

University    of    Colorado    School    of   Pharmacy 
This   institution   will   not   be   hampered    by   any    interruption 

of    its   supply    of    chemicals    and    laboratory    equipment.    Dean 

Homer  E.  Washburn  having  received  a  year's  supply  previous 

to  the  declaration  of  war  by  Germany. 

The  prospects  are   for  the  largest  attendance   in   the  history 

of  the  school. 

Creighton  University  College  of  Pharmacy 
Professor  Howard  Newton,  Ph.  C.  instructor  in  pharmacy 
at  the  ^Massachusetts  College  of  Pharmacy,  has  joined  the 
faculty  of  the  Creighton  University  College  of  Pharmacy. 
Professor  Newton  takes  the  place  of  Professor  J.  C.  Forbing 
who  will  act  as  assistant  to  C.  F.  Crowley,  professor  in 
chemistry  in  the  medical  department  at  Creighton, 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


481 


Board  Examinations 


Alabama 

SELMA,  Sept.  20.^At  a  recent  meeting  ot  the  Alabama  Boaro 
of  Pharmacy  held  in  Ann  is  ton,  fifty  candidates  presented  proper 
papers    for    examination.      Of   that    number,    the    following    passed: 

Pharmacists— Thos.  M.  Cottrell,  C.  W.  Bethany,  W.  A.  Ililler- 
man,  E.  H.  Murphree,  W.  A.  Hill,  E.  D.  Bright,  C.  L.  Schilling, 
E.  G.  Rockhill.  I.  H.  Beasley,  L.  A.  Pearce,  J.  L.  Hereford! 
Chas.  F.  Grove,  Louis  Letaw,  Jas.  T.  Vinson,  Hall  Van  Allen! 
G.  W.  Irwin,  E.  L.  Burton,  A.  E.  McVVilliams,  B.  G.  McKenzie 
(col.),    Mrs.    M.    A.    Wood,    Miss    Alberta    Noil. 

Assistants— Louis  E.  Andrew,  Nat.  Washington,  E.  E.  Caldwell, 
H.  E.  Mangum.  Arthur  J.  Thigpen,  Roswell  O.  Win,  C  h' 
Taylor,  R.  C.  Hill,  E.  C.  Pope,  J.  C.  ivent,  H.  E.  Benhow. 
W.  J.  Watkins,  H.  R.  Faucet,  Carl.  Busey,  J.  F.  Watson,  J.  C. 
Massey.  Chas.  L.  Krebs,  Jno.  W.  Reid,  C.  Q.  Tervin,  Henry 
M.    Goldstein,    "W.    G.    Hall,    J.    E.    Blackwell,    C.    J.    Harden. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  in  Montgomery  on  October  13th 
and    14th,    1914. 


California 

SAN  FRANCISCO,  Sept.  20.— The  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has 
recently  raised  the  passing  average  for  examination  of  applicants 
for  registration,  and  now  requires  that  each  applicant  for  a 
licentiate's  certificate  shall  make  a  general  average  of  75  per 
cent,  and  not  fall  below  60  per  cent,  in  two  or  more  branches. 
For  an  assistant's  certificate  the  applicant  must  make  on  the  ex- 
amination a  general  average  of  65  per  cent.,  and  not  fall  below 
50  per  cent,  in  two  or  more  branches.  Applicants  for  examination 
must  furnish  the  Board  of  Pharmacy  with  affidavits  showing  the 
actual    pharmaceutical    experience    they    have    had. 

The  following  applicants  for  registration  successfully  passed  the 
recent    examination    held    in    this   city: 

Licentiates — Florence  Dun  lap,  John  M.  Myers,  Manlio  C.  Silva, 
Fred  A.  Wilson,  A.  B.  Davison,  Geo.  A.  Mehlfeld,  Arthur  F. 
Wagner.  Louis  L.  Topper,  Walter  L.  Scott,  L.  C.  Henderson, 
Sister  Flavia  Farren,  W.  M.  Rockwell,  Livingstone  (_>.  Hunter, 
Beltrandi  Enrico,  John  J.  Hamilton,  Maurice  L.  Koplan,  Carl 
Kratt,  Lester  Tozier,  Fred  E.  Smith,  I.  Milton  Haun,  V.  A. 
Marchese,  J.  Clifford  Mendonse,  V.  E.  Meeker,  Maxmilian  A. 
Citron,  C.  Bruce  Warner,  Daniel  Cohen,  Glen  T.  Garner,  Michael 
Citron,  C.  Bruce  Harner,  Daniel  Cohen,  Glen  T,  Garner,  Michael 
Waldon   Conway,    Leslie    A.    Ramey. 

Assistants — Fred  M.  WooUey,  Lee  Holtzman,  Wm.  F.  Brisgol, 
Frederick  Wm.  Hawkes,  Bernard  Herman,  Harry  Wm.  Davis, 
Wm.  Cavanaugh,  William  D.  Bell,  Leon  G.  Brosemer.  Emil  Nelson, 
Cecil  Adams,  Jas.  A.  Cairns,  Everett  F.  Northrup,  Staten  E. 
Griffin,  James  S.  Sharpe,  Ernest  J.  Young,  Haymond  W.  Noble, 
Leo  J.  Sabini,  O.  Van  Duyn,  Chas.  C.  Moore,  Mary  Jennings, 
John  O'Connor,  Perry  B.  Clark,  Lyndon  L.  Davidson,  Fred  R. 
Robinson,  Arthur  L.  T.  Jorgensen,  Wallace  L.  Cornwall,  Frank  W. 
Goldsmith,  Horace  L.  Wolfe,  J.  D.  Vernon  Nichols,  Gill)ert  J. 
Lanyon,  Columbus  T.  Crenna,  Jos.  C.  Hair,  Will  Martin,  Valentine 
Geo.  Clemen  tz,  VI  o  Yssle  Hop  wood,  Fred  F.  Ventuleth,  Lorin 
E.  McGee,  Oliver  Trewartha,  Arthur  W.  Reum,  Clarence  Powell, 
Mont.  L.  Preston,  Louis  U.  Mclndoe,  Harold  E.  Hickox,  Robert 
L.    Nichols,    C.    H.    Carson. 

The  next  examination  will  be  held  in  Los  Angeles  beginning 
October  7,  and  in  San  Francisco  beginning  Wednesday,  October  14. 


Samuel  L.  Furman,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Herman  J.  Godes,  New 
York,  N.  v.;  Harry  E.  Gittleman,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Francis  S. 
A.  Hasenplue,  Lakewood;  Jacob  Horwech,  Bayonne;  William  F. 
Kalesse,  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  Frank  P.  Kalibat,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ; 
Nurris  L.  Klar,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  George  F.  Krech,  Patersori; 
Louis  Kron,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Albert  Kummer,  Paterson;  Jacob 
Landau,  Newark;  Ludwig  Lechner,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Joseph 
Lenktis,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  Isadore  H.  Leventhal,  Newark;  Joseph 
I-I.  Levy,  Hoboken;  Alexander  Livingstone,  West  Philadelphia 
Pa.;  Frank  Mader,  Elizabeth;  Bert  Edgar  Niles,  Trenton;  Herman 
Harrison  Oxman,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Frank  Joseph  Pastern  New 
York.  N.  Y. ;  Joseph  W.  Pastor.  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  Orlando 
Passannante,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Illuminato  Patiri,  New  York, 
N.  v.;  John  R.  Reay,  Cranford;  Maurice  Rosoff,  Philadelphia! 
Pa.;  William  F.  Ruther,  Newark;  Nathan  Schimmel,  Jersey  City; 
Alfred  Joseph  Edward  Schmidt,  Newark;  William  H.  Schultz! 
Newark;  John  Sciacca,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Louis  Sheinfine,  New 
York;  Herman  B.  Springer,  Newark;  Loring  S.  Strang,  Borden- 
town;  J.  Harry  Swain,  Haddon  Heights;  Thomas  Allen  Sykes, 
Newark;  Frank  Anthony  Urban,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  Charles  Joseph 
Viegel,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  John  J.  Weidner,  Newark;  Abram  Wein- 
stein,  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  Frederick  Gerard  Williams,  Newark ; 
Edgar    K.    Zeigler,    Philadelphia,    Po. 

Registered  Assistants— Philip  A.  Carlin,  Newark;  Francis  Cascioli, 
Bangor,  Pa.;  Laurence  Cohen,  Jersey  City;  Thomas  T.  N.  Dagrosa! 
Vineland;  Louis  Frcmkin.  Trenton;  Joseph  B.  Greenwood,  Newark; 
Samuel  Grubin,  Newark;  Jacob  D.  Kaplan,  Newark;  William  j! 
Korbonits,  New  Brunswick;  Lorenzo  D.  W.  Lewis,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.;  Herbert  A.  Norris,  Jersey  City;  Tobias  Schulhof,  Newark- 
Louis  M.  Wojakiewicz,  Perth  Amboy;  Otto  Louis  Zocklein, 
Paterson, 

The  next  meeting  of  the  Board  for  examinations  will  be  held 
in    Trenton    on    Thursday    and    Friday,    Oct.    15    and    16. 


Massachusetts 

BOSTON,  Sept.  20. — Nine  more  registrations  in  pharmacy  have 
been  granted  by  the  State  board,  as  follows:  Lawrence  C.  Feloney, 
Cambridge;  Ladislas  G.  Lavellee,  Milford;  John  M.  O'Brien,  Rox- 
bury;  H.  C.  Newton,  Southboro;  Robert  E.  Bemis,  Boston;  Mrs. 
Nellie  Sargent  Houle,  Lowell ;  James  J.  Matt i more,  Worcester; 
Ezra    Saillant,    New    Bedford,    and    C    T.    Williams,    Brook  line. 

Certificates  as  assistants  were  issued  to  the  following:  John 
Andrews.  Salem;  Clarence  Cameron,  Beverly ;  Samuel  Lourie, 
Maiden ;  Joseph  N.  Myers,  Boston ;  Anthony  F.  Praino,  Boston; 
John  H.  Reidy,  Weymouth;  Joseph  E.  Carey,  Marlboro;  David 
Ginsburg,  Chelsea;  John  M.  Thai,  Roxbury ;  Joseph  D.  Ahearn, 
Framingham ;  John  C.  Col  well.  New  Bedford;  Herbert  S.  Coombs, 
Chelsea;  John  A.  Darrah,  Springfield;  William  H.  Hevey,  Win- 
chester; Frederick  M.  Nye,  New  Bedford;  Anthony  J.  Ziegel, 
Somerville;  William  B.  Galligan.  Taunton;  Robert  M.  Malone, 
Worcester;  Howard  M.  Beverly,  Aver;  Arthur  St.  Pierre,  No. 
Cambridge. 


New   Jersey 

BRIDGETON,  Sept.  20.— Henry  A.  Jorden,  secretary  of  the  State 
Board  of  Pharmacy,  announces  the  list  of  successful  candidates 
for  registration  who  took  the  recent  examination  in  Trenton  as 
follows: 

Registered  Pharmacist:— Bartholomeo  Albini,  New  Y'ork,  N.  Y. ; 
Frank  J.  Antonini,  West  New  Y'ork ;  Charles  Bain,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.;  Abraham  Blank,  New  Y'ork,  N.  Y. ;  Samuel  Cahan,  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.;  Camillo  CianciuUi,  Raritan;  Louis  Cohen,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.;  Michele  Conza.  Schenectady,  N.  Y. ;  Harry  Ivan  Darr,  Chester, 
Pa.;  Clarence  F.  Dennis,  Augusta:  Vincent  Del  Plato,  Newark; 
Christian  De  Vries,  Jr.,  Paterson;  Arthur  H.  Einbeck,  West  New 
York;  Jacob  Eisenstadt,  Brooklvn,  N.  Y. ;  Martin  Eisenstadt, 
New  York;  Edwin  C.  Errickson.  Millville;  Leo  F.  Feindt,  So.  Orange; 
Elmer  D.  Fox,  Philadelphia,  Pa,;  Samuel  H.  Fritz,  New  York,  N.  Y. ; 


NEW   INCORPORATIONS 


The  Elliott  Remedies  Co.,  Inc.,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  incorporated 
by  A.  C.  Elliott,  W.  P.  Martin,  G.  A.  Engert,  jr.,  of  Rochester, 
to    deal    in    drugs,    medicines,    chemicals,    etc. ;    capital,    $100,000. 

Practitioners    Pharmacal     Co.,    Inc.,     Manhattan,     incorporated    by 

C.  S.  Roberts,  R.  S.  Parnass,  of  New  York  City,  and  J.  A. 
Trimble,  Brooklyn,  to  do  a  drug  and  chemical  business;  capital. 
$100,000. 

Surpass  Chemical  Co.,  Troy,  N.  Y.,  incorporated  with  capital 
of  $5,000  to  manufacture  and  deal  in  bleachings,  salts,  dye-stuffs, 
chemicals,  machinery  and  implements  used  in  washing,  cleaning, 
bleaching  and  dyeing  fabrics,  and  in  goods,  wares  and  merchan- 
dise. Directors  are  Emma  M.  Smith,  of  Menands;  Harry  B. 
Smith,    Auburn,    and    Marion    L.    Kellogg. 

Buckingham  Drug  Co.,  Dallas,  Texas,  incorporated  by  J.  T. 
Buckingham,  W.  T.  McConnell  and  F.  H.  Lowrance;  capital, 
$1,000. 

E.  A.  Neverman,  Druggist  (Incorporated),  Evanston,  111.;  capi- 
tal stock,  $10,000;  retail  drug  store;  incorporated  by  John  Weiland, 
Margaret  Weiland,   Howard  A.   Neverman   and  Irene  M.   Neverman. 

Salsa  Chemical  Co.,  Bridgeport,  Conn.;  officers:  President, 
William  M.  Clampett ;  treasurer,  George  E.  Cook;  secretary, 
William  L.  Colegrove,  all  of  Bridgeport.  These  officers  are  also 
directors.     There   are   40  shares   of   the   par   value   of  $25   each. 

Rumba  rger  Manufacturing  Co.,  El  kins,  W.  Va. ;  drugs  and 
medicines;  capital  stock,  $5,000;  incorporators,  R.  R.  Rumbarger, 
R.  R.  Rumbarger,  jr.,  W.  E.  Rumbarger,  J.  G.  Nestor  and 
Samuel    V.     Spears,    of    Elkins. 

Western  Laboratories,  Chicago,  111.,  incorporated  by  F.  T. 
Gordon,  D.  S.  Giles  and  M.  L.  Gordon,  of  Chicago,  to  manu- 
facture   drugs,    chemicals    and    flavoring    extracts;    capital,    $30,000. 

Keefer   Mfg.    Co.,    New    York    City ;    i;i corporators,    G.    W,    Keefer, 

D.  Enison  and  1.  A.  Johnson,  170  East  63rd  street ;  purpose,  to 
deal    in    vermin    exterminators ;    capital,    $10,000. 

Morales  Medicine  Co.,  Tegucigalpa,  Honduras,  incorporated  by 
M.  Del  Morales,  L.  K.  Pudom,  J.  H.  Walter,  all  of  Honduras, 
to  manufacture,  to  sell  and  deal  in  and  with  medical  goods  of 
all    kinds;   capital    stock,   $25,000. 

Winsdor-Medford  Drug  Co.,  Muskogee,  Okla.,  incorporated  with, 
a  capital  stock  of  $5,000  by  B.  O.  Winsdor,  E.  Medford  and 
J.    H.    Bishpham,    of   Muskogee. 

Hosken's   Derma  Cream  Co.,  Grand   Rapids,  Mich.;   officers,   Elsie 

D.  Hosken,   president;   Raymond  B.   Hosken,   vice-president;   Harry 

E.  Hosken,  secretary  and  treasurer;  object,  to  manufacture  and 
sell    Hosken's    Derma    Cream,    a    skin    remedy;    capital,    $3,000. 

Bungalow  Drug  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.;  capital  stock,  $30,000 
($16,000  of  which  is  reported  subscribed);  directors,  F.  J.  Burke, 
L.    L.    Bradford    and    H.    I.    Roden. 

Marvelous  Sweeping  Model  Wine  Tonic  Co.,  Chicago,  incor_ 
porated  by  Charles  Fisher.  Arthur  Bierbrauer  and  Jeanette 
Fisher;  capital  stock,  $2,500;  purpose,  to  manufacture  and  deal 
in    medicines,    chemicals,    drugs,    etc. 

Callendar  Pharmacy,  Inc..  Waterbury,  Conn.;  President  and 
treasurer,  Lewis  B.  Callendar;  secretary,  R.  Augustus  Callendar; 
directors,  Lewis  B.  Callendar,  R.  A.  Callendar  and  Charlotte 
Callendar. 

Lawndale    Drug    Co.,    Chicago;    dtssolved. 

Peoples  Drug  Store,  Johnson  county,  Tenn. ;  charter  surren- 
dered. 

Coonley  Drug  Stores  Company  of  America,  Detroit,  Mich., 
$15,000  capital,  incorporated  by  Raymond  B.  Coonley,  Oliver  D. 
Denry.    Frank     Renaud. 

Mackey  Medicine  Co.,  Inc.,  New  York,  incorporated  by  Newton 
A.  Mackey,  James  A.  Williamson  and  Wm.  H.  Buckley  to  do 
a    general    drug,    confectionery,    etc.,    business;    capital,    $10,000. 


482 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[October,  1914 


Lavol  Laboratories,  Chicago;  capital  stock,  $2,500;  incorporated 
Wy  Edgar  W.  Jenkins,  Henry  S.  Lighthall  and  Frank  N.  Hillis 
»•    manufacture    and    sell    proprietary    medicines,    chemicals,    etc. 

Ycrgin  Russian  Oil  Co.,  Chicago,  incorporated  by  John  F. 
Rosen,  John  P.  O'Shaughnessy  and  Joseph  L.  Toohey  for  the 
purpose  of  general  dealing  in  Russian  mineral  oils  and  other 
mineral  oils  used  for  medicinal  purposes,  also  for  dealing  in 
proprietary  drugs  and  chemicals  generally;  capital  stock,  $6,000, 
Langford-Keith  Drug  Co.,  Sherman,  Texas,  filed  amendments 
changing    name   to   Glasscock    Drug   Co. 

Rhodes  Drug  Co.,  Jackson,  Miss.,  incorporated  by  L.  D. 
Rhodes,    Mrs.    C.    £.    Rhodes    and    others;    capital,    $5,000. 

John  Coffin  &  Co.,  Kittery,  Me.,  organized  for  the  purpose 
of  manufacturing  and  dealing  in  chemicals  and  merchandise  of 
all  kinds  and  descriptions,  also  purchasing  any  property  with 
JSO.OCO  capital  stock,  of  which  nothing  is  paid  in;  orticers:  Presi- 
dent,   Horace    Mitchell,    Kittery;    treasurer,   H.   A.    Paul,    Kittery. 

Palace  Drug  Co.,  Beaumont,  Texas,  capital  stock,  $9,000;  incor- 
porators, W.  C.  Wiley,  O.  B.  Sawyer  and  R.  \V.  Abbott.  New 
corporation  has  purchased  stock  and  fixtures  of  the  L.  K. 
Preston  Drug  Co.  from  the  receiver  and  an  order  has  been 
placed  for  about  $2,000  of  new  stock.  W.  C.  Wiley  is  president, 
treasurer  and  manager  of  the  new  store.  O.  B.  Sawyer  is  vice- 
president    and    R.    W.    Abbott    is    secretary. 

Hook  Drug  Company  of  St.  Louis  (Mo.),  incorporated  by  A.  C. 
Stewart.    R.    W.    Price    and    John    A.    Hook;    capital,    $10,000. 

Red  Cross  Chemical  Company  of  New  Vork,  capital,  $10,000; 
directors:      Solomon    and    David    Kaplan,    Brooklyn. 

George  H.  Wilson  Ginseng  &  Golden  Seal  Co.,  Bowling  Green. 
Ky. ;  capital,  $30,000;  incorporators:  George  H.  W'ilson,  W.  P. 
Wilson    and    H.    L.    Wilson. 

Dixie  Drug  Co.,  St.  George,  Utah;  capital  stock,  $5,000;  in- 
corporators: Clark  Watson,  Warren  Cox,  F.  J.  Woodbury,  D.  A. 
McGregor    and    George    F.    Whitehead. 

Dewberry  Medicine  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga..  incorporated  with  capi- 
tal   stock    of    $100,000.    to    manufacture    medicines. 

Blackwell  Drug  Company.  Blackwell,  Okla. ;  capital  stock. 
$5,000;  incorporators:  William  K.  Bell,  Sarah  A.  Bell,  A.  C. 
Johnson,    Grace    I.    Johnson,    of    Blackwell. 

Bortle  Drug  Co.,  Claremore,  Okla.,  capital  stock.  $5,000;  in- 
corporators. F.  H.  Bortle,  L.  W.  Moore,  B.  V.  Bortle  and  A. 
C.    Moore. 

Blyihe  Drug  Co.,  Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  incorporators:  Thomas 
Cushnian,    Max    J.    Blythe    and    Alvan   H.    Clark. 

Reed  Disinfecting  Co.,  Middleboro,  Mass.,  incorporated  with 
capital  of  $75,000;  officers:  F.  W.  Woodbury,  president;  treas- 
urer. Edward  C.  Reed,  Middleboro.  These  men  with  W.  A. 
Carpenter    comprise    the    directorate. 

L.  P.  Pond  Drug  Co.,  Chelsea,  Mass.,  recently  filed  articles 
of  incorporation.  Directors  are:  President  and  treasurer.  L.  P. 
Pond;    \\.    B.    Sprou.e    and    Bertha    R.    Sproule. 

Xulty  Laboratories,  Inc.,  Manhattan,  incorporated  with  a 
capital  of  $75,000  by  E.  D.  Feldman,  W.  E.  Lowther.  P.  E. 
Greenfield,  of  New  York  City,  to  manufacture  and  deal  in  drugs, 
chemicals,    etc. 

Pittsburg  Wholesale  Drug  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  capital  stock, 
$500,000;  incorporated  by  F.  R.  Hansell,  Philadelphia;  George 
H.  B.  Martin  and  S.  C.  Seymour,  of  Camden,  N.  J.,  to  operate 
and  maintain  a  wholesale  drug  store.  a:id  to  deal  in  and  with 
foodstuffs,    etc. 

Southern  Spice  and  Extract  Co.,  Jackson,  Miss.,  capital,  $10,- 
000;  includes  among  stockholders  W.  A.  Montgomery,  Edward 
Yarger,  R.  C.  Smith,  Robert  Phifer,  jr.,  and  C.  Wade;  incor- 
porated to  engage  in  the  manufacture  of  extracts  and  staple  drugs. 
Rejuvenator  Co.,  New  York  City,  corsets,  toilet  preparations, 
etc.;  capital,  $50,000;  incorporators:  H.  L.  Ma:in,  Frederick 
Munns,    jr.,    and    G.    E.    Fleming. 

Rasmus  Process  Co..  New  York,  incorporated  by  J.  Dannen- 
bern,  C.  F.  Fuerst  and  H.  M.  Diamond  to  deal  in  chemica:s 
and    foodstuffs;    capital,    $10,000. 

F.  W.  Andrews  Chemical  Co..  Dayton,  O.,  capital,  $100,000; 
incorporated  by  Bert  Drake,  T.  C.  Whetsel,  F.  N.  Shidaker,  H.  H. 
Runnells    and    F.    W.    Andrews. 

Cochran  drug  store,  Houlton.  Me.,  capital  stock,  $8,500;  officers: 
President,  Margaret  B.  Cotton,  and  treasurer,  W.  H.  Ormsby, 
both    of    Houlton. 

Rumford  Drug  Co.,  Rumford,  Me.,  incorporated  by  C.  M.  Bisbee, 
R.  L.  Mekher,  E.  M.  McCarty,  G.  G.  Brown,  all  of  Rumford; 
capital,    $10,000. 

Community  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland,  O.,  N.  E.  Alport,  et  al ; 
capital,    $1,000. 

Casco  Chemical  Co..  Inc..  Portland,  Me.,  incorporated  with  a 
capital  of  $25,000  to  manufacture,  sell  and  deal  in  all  kinds  of 
chemicals;  officers:  President,  J.  W.  Stone,  Portland;  treasurer, 
G.    P.    Locke,    Norway. 

Healene   Co.,    Boston,   Mass..   has  been   incorporated    with   a   capi- 
tal   stock    of    $100,000    to    manufacture    medical    preparations.      In- 
corporators are  F.   P.   Wood,   Boston,   and  H.    R.   Johnson,   Reading. 
Gittes    Drug    Co.,    New    York    City,    voluntarily    dissolved. 
Reberts     drug     store.     New     York     City;     capital,     $5,000;     incor- 
porated  by   C.   J.    Lipman.   H.    Belitsky    and   M.    J.    Kane. 

National  Co-operative  Drug  Company,  St.  Louis  branch,  in- 
corporated to  do  a  general  wholesale  and  retail  drug  business,  by 
George  E.  Brown,  Charles  W.  J.  H.  Hahn,  Orval  J.  Cloughly, 
Andrew  S.  Ludwig,  William  F.  Ittner  and  Robert  F.  Nuller; 
capital    stock,   full   paid,   $35,000. 

Frank  L.  Young  Co.,  Boston,  incorporated  to  deal  in  chemicals 
and  oils,  by  Cornelius  J.  Murphy,  Frank  L.  Young  and  Harold  W. 
Young;  capital,  $300,000. 


Quicklet  Co.,  Boston,  incorporated  with  a  capital  of  $10,000,  t* 
engage  in  business  of  making  and  selling  drugs,  chemicals  and 
candy,  by   Robert   Rinehard,  Emil   Koessler  and  Marcus  Tishler. 

Abbott's  Menthol  Plaster  Co.,  Boston,  incorporated  by  Katherine 
A     Bradt.  Alice   M.    Kelley   and  John  J.    Mansfield;  capital,   $35,000. 

'       ■       ■  by 

liam 


1       r,   ,  ....--    -. —    ^"■'  --I «."—",  — "-- '.,  -..^orporated 

by   Ralph   \\ .   Wight  and  Miller  J.   Meeker;  capital,  $15,000. 

Granville  Pharmacy,  Inc.,  Crccdnieer,  N.  C. ;  capital,  $5000;  L. 
\'.    Pearce    and   others. 

Richart  &  Co.,  Elizabeth,  N.  J.;  capital,  $2S,0OO;  incorporators, 
W.    K.    Richart,    H.    W.    Schcucrman.    W.   G.   A.    Kroemmelbein. 


Bristol-Myers  Representatives  Attend  "School" 
Thirty-four  traveling  representatives  of  the  Bristol-Myers. 
Co.,  Brooklyn,  attended  tlie  annual  get-together  meeting  ca- 
salesmen's  school  held  by  that  firm  at  its  headquarters,  281 
Greene  avenue.  The  salesmen  and  detail  men,  the  former 
selling  the  full  line  of  pharmaceuticals  manufactured  by  Bristol- 
Myers  Co.,  and  the  latter  advertising  the  company's  special- 
ties, discussed  methods  for  obtaining  business,  plans,  policies, 
etc.,  and  listened  to  talks  on  various  Bristol-Myers  product*. 
Those  who  attended  were : 

Salesmen— O.  F.  Ives,  Hartford,  Ct. ;  R.  M.  Tripp,  Boston;  P.  A. 
Caughell,  Pennington,  N.  J.;  A.  W.  Roberts,  Brooklyn;  L.  Wil- 
kinson, Providence  R.  I.;  W.  J.  Grassman,  Syracuse;  R.  B. 
Featherly,  Syracuse;  S.  W.  Upham,  Bath,  N.  Y. ;  H.  L.  Chase, 
Brooklyn;  H.  R.  Steele,  Staunton,  Va. ;  H.  E.  Jones,  Buffalo; 
W.  R.  Jackson,  Rochester;  T.  C.  Connolly,  ButTalo;  G.  S.  Boyd, 
York,  Pa.;  E.  D.  Ting.ey,  Boston;  W.  C.  Sage,  Rutland,  Vt.; 
W.  G.  Haynes,  Cayuga,  N.  Y. ;  detail  men — Dr.  D.  W.  Rounds, 
Boston;  G.  A.  Wood,  Cleveland;  J.  J.  Bye,  Pittsburgh;  Dr.  L.  B. 
Castell,  New  York  City;  J.  G.  Coriolis,  Montreal;  G.  G.  Har- 
wood,  San  Francisco;  T.  G.  Goodwyn,  Atlanta;  A.  A.  Wehrman, 
St.  Louis;  J.  W.  Brooks,  Chicago;  C.  M.  Crawford,  Dallas,  Texas; 
N.  J.  Booth,  New  York  City;  R.  G.  McEnany,  Des  Moines,  la.; 
E.  H.  Smith,  Philadelphia;  P.  L.  Williams,  Portland,  Ore.;  L.  W. 
Burbagc,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  V.  J.  Hayden,  Minneapolis;  W.  B. 
Johnson,    Indianapolis. 

The  meeting  continued  throughout  the  week  of  August  31st 
to  September  5,  inclusive.  Entertainment  provided  included  a 
theater  party  to  see  "On  Trial,"  and  a  shore  supper  at  Witzel't 
Pavilion,  College  Point.  To  take  in  the  latter  feature  the 
participants  were  driven  in  trucks  to  the  foot  of  Manhattan 
Bridge  where  they  embarked  in  a  boat  chartered  for  their 
sole  use.  After  the  supper,  they  were  taken  up  the  Hudson 
as  far  as  the  Palisades  Park.  Music,  "smokes,"  etc.,  with 
a  sufficiency  of  the  latter,  made  the  occasion  extremely  en- 
joyable. 


Berlin  Institute  Aids  Red  Cross 
With  the  sanction  of  the  Minister  of  Spiritual  and  Educa- 
tional .\ffairs,  the  Pharmaceutical  Institute  of  the  University 
of  Berlin  has  placed  its  facilities  at  the  disposal  of  the  National 
Women's  Red  Cross  Society,  and  will  undertake  to  carry  out 
gratis  all  analyses  of  foods  and  other  wares  prepared  by  the 
people  of  the  neighboring  Berlin-Steglitz  community  for  the 
use  of  the  German  armies,  and  also  to  provide  for  bacterio- 
logical control  of  the  products.  The  institute  will  also  keep 
a  watchful  eye  on  the  new  sanitary  and  disinfecting  plant  of 
the  community,  where  the  contributions  of  clothing  will  be 
disinfected. 


Cannot  Leg-ally  Fill  Jersey  Prescriptions 
Replying  to  a  question  submitted  by  Secretary  Warren  L. 
Bradt  of  the  New  York  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  relative 
to  the  right  of  a  New  Jersey  physician  to  prescribe  the  pur- 
chase of  drugs  in  this  State,  Attorney  General  Thomas  Car- 
mody  states  that  in  his  opinion  "druggists  should  not  fill 
prescriptions  of  New  Jersey  physicians,  residents  of  that  State 
and  regularly  practicing  there.  The  law  clearly  indicates  that 
a  druggist  has  no  power  to  fill  a  prescription  unless  it  is 
made   in   accordance   with   the   statute   of  this   State." 


Wisconsin  Ph.  A.  Plans  for  Next  Year's  Meeting 
.•\t  a  special  meeting  of  the  executive  committees  of  the 
Wisconsin  Ph.  A.  and  the  Wisconsin  Pharmaceutical  Travelers, 
held  recently  in  Milwaukee,  it  was  decided  to  hold  the  I91S- 
convention  of  the  two  organizations  at  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis., 
some  time  during  the  latter  part  of  June.  It  is  the  wish  of 
some  of  the  Wisconsin  druggists  to  hold  a  winter  meeting 
in  Milwaukee  some  time  during  the  coming  winter,  but  no- 
action  along  this  line  has  been  taken. 


Department  of  Agriculture  Warns  Against  Growing  Drug  Plants 


Although  European  War  Has  Raised  Prices  of  Crude 

I>rugs,   Many   Factors   Make   Future   of 

the   Market  Uncertain. 


Washington,  D.  C,  Sept.  26.— The  cessation  of  the  harvest- 
ing and  shipping  of  many  crude  drugs  because  of  hostilities 
in  Europe  has  caused  a  sharp  advance  in  their  market  price. 
As  a  result  many  individuals  and  firms  have  written  the  U. 
■S.  Department  of  Agricuhure  inquiring  about  the  possibilities 
of  the  American  farmer  growing  drug  plants  profitably.  The 
Department's  specialist  in  charge  of  drug-plant  investigations 
has  written  a  number  of  these  correspondents  that,  although 
it  is  probable  that  a  number  of  important  drug  plants  could 
be  grown  profitably  here  if  the  present  high  prices  continue, 
nevertheless  there  is  a  possibility  of  the  early  restoration  of 
shipping  facilities,  and  in  any  event  the  inexperienced  grower 
of  drug  plants  would  be  more  liable  to  meet  with  failure  than 
with  success. 

Some  medicinal  plants,  says  the  Department's  specialist, 
may  be  grown  as  easily  as  ordinary  garden  crops;  others, 
however,  require  the  special  knowledge  and  skill  of  a  practiced 
gardener.  There  are  many  varying  factors  in  the  commercial 
production  of  drug  plants.  The  constituents  of  many  of  them 
vary  in  quantity  according  to  the  time  of  gathering  and 
■method  of  drying,  and  a  knowledge  of  proper  methods  of 
harvr  ting  and  curing  is  absolutely  essential  for  the  pro- 
•duction  of  drugs  of  high  quality. 

Even  if  the  prospective  gr^-wer  possessed  some  knowledge 
•©f  drug  plants,  beginning  now,  he  could  scarcely  hope  to  har- 
vest a  crop  before  the  late  summer  of  1915.  In  the  case  of 
■some  varieties  he  might  even  have  to  wait  until  the  end  of  the 
■second  or  third  year  after  planting.  Therefore,  the  farmer 
■who  began  at  once  might  not  find  himself  with  a  supply  of 
■crude  drugs  on  hand  until  after  prices  had  returned  to  their 
former   level. 

In  any  case,  the  quantity  of  crude  drugs  required  by  the 
■market  is  relatively  small  as  compared  with  fruits,  vegetables, 
■or  staple  crops,  therefore,  numerous  or  extensive  plantings 
by  individuals  throughout  the  country  might  easily  result  in 
■overproduction,  which  would  cause  a  decline  in  the  market 
price   independent   of  the   conditions   abroad. 

For  successful  production  of  drug  plants  on  a  commercial 
scale  there  must  be  an  available  market.  Its  accessibility 
■must  be  considered  above  all  things,  by  the  successful  grower. 
The  cost  of  production  must  be  carefully  estimated  and  to 
this  must  be  added  the  cost  of  packing  and  shipping  to  this 
•market.  The  packing  and  shipping  expenses  might  easily 
■make  the  enterprise  unprofitable. 

Drug  plants  to  be  profitably  grown  should  yield  returns 
at  least  equal  to  those  from  other  crops  which  may  be  grown 
•on  the  same  land.  The  farmer  must  determine  that  this  is 
the  case.  The  fact  that  much  hand  work  is  necessary  in  the 
■production  of  most  drugs  is  liable  to  make  the  cost  of  labor 
"high. 

Many  Drug^  Plants   Will   Not   Grow  Here 

Among  the  inquiries  regarding  drug  plants  addressed  to  the 
'Department  have  been  requests  regarding  plants  which  can- 
not be  produced  in  this  country  at  all.  Others  that  might  be 
■grown  here  are  also  produced  in  South  America  and  other 
'localities  not  involved  in  the  war  where  they  can  still  be 
'produced  more  cheaply  than  here. 


There  are,  nevertheless,  certain  drug  plants  now  produced 
chiefly  in  Europe  which  under  suitable  conditions  may  be 
grown  in  parts  of  the  United  States.  Among  these  are  the 
following: 

Altliea  Conium  Henbane 

Anise  Coriander  Horehound 

Belladonna  Dandelion  Marjoram 

Burdock  Digitalis  Sage 

Calamus  Elecampane  Thyme 

Caraway  Fennel  Valerian 

Seeds  of  many  of  these  plants  may  be  obtained  from  the  large 
seed  houses.  Even  the  above-mentioned,  however,  need  pecu- 
liar conditions  in  order  to  thrive,  for  drug  plants  vary  widely 
in  their  relations  to  soil  and  climate.  Satisfactory  yields 
can  only  be  expected  when  the  requirements  of  these  plants 
are  understood  and  met. 

Of  course,  well  established  companies,  already  engaged  in 
similar  work,  and  with  gardeners  possessing  training  and  ex- 
perience, could  undoubtedly  meet  with  more  success  in  grow- 
ing drug  plants  than  the  inexperienced  individual.  These 
companies  would  understand  at  the  beginning  many  essential 
details  regarding  soil,  climate,  and  desirable  varieties.  They 
would,  however,  have  to  prepare  for  unexpected  changes  in 
market  values,  and  remember  that  the  principal  reason  certain 
plants  have  not  been  previously  raised  here  is  that  under 
normal  conditions  they  can  be  more  cheaply  grown  in  Europe. 


Jacobean  Architecture  in   Wisconsin  Drug'  Store. 

The  Baldauf  Drug  Co.,  Milwaukee,  has  opened  what  it 
claims  is  the  finest  drug  store  in  that  city.  It  is  located  in  a 
handsome  new  building,  recently  erected  at  North  avenue  and 
Thirty-fifth  street.  The  fixtures  are  all  inlaid  mahogany.  A 
special  three-side  showcase,  five  feet  square  and  of  plate  glass, 
is  devoted  to  fancy  soap  and  perfumes;  another,  five  feet  long, 
with  large  plate  glass  cabinet  and  shelves,  is  devoted  to 
candies.  All  the  counters  and  showcases  are  of  the  sanitary 
type,  standing  fully  four  inches  from  the  floor.  The  floors  are 
of  a  fine  pattern  of  inlaid  tile.  Eight  large,  rich  globes, 
making  up  the  indirect  lighting  system,  hang  from  the  ceiling. 

One  of  the  unusual  features  of  the  new  store  is  the  "soda 
grill,"  something  entirely  new  for  Milwaukee  and  one  of  the 
few  in  the  country.  The  grill  is  apart  from  the  store  and  is 
about  25x25  feet  in  dimensions,  with  a  seating  capacity  for 
at  least  75  people.  This  room  also  has  an  inlaid  tile  floor, 
while  the  walls  are  of  a  soft,  old  rose  tint,  inlaid  with  panels 
of  two-tone  silk.  The  room  is  lighted  by  four  large  indirect 
lighting   globes. 

Brundag-e   Drug  Co.   Celebrates  Fortieth  Anniversary 

The  fortieth  anniversary  of  the  founding  of  the  Brundage 
Drug  Co.,  Muskegon,  Mich.,  was  celebrated  on  September 
23rd.  The  company  was  organized  by  Fred  Brundage  in  1874, 
who  opened  the  first  store  with  a  stock  inventoried  at  only 
$420,  the  entire  stock  being  drugs.  Today  the  business  is 
carried  on  by  Mrs.  Margaret  M.  Brundage,  the  widow  of  the 
founder,  and  Fred  Castenholz,  who  is  manager  of  the  large 
and  up-to-date  establishment  which  has  grown  from  the 
small  shop  of  forty  years  ago.  That  the  Brundage  store  is 
wide-awake  and  progressive  is  shown  by  its  display  adver- 
tising in  the  local  papers,  quarter  and  half-page  ads  being 
used  to  urge  upon  the  public  the  slogan  "Try  America  First." 


4S4 


TllH    IMIAli.MACK 


l(".\l,     V.U.\ 


[OCTdHKK.     11114 


WHITEHILL   WINS   RIKER-HEGEMAN   PRIZE 


Awarded     First     District     Prize     of    $100    in     "More 
Customers  CnmpaigTi"  Conducted  by  Big   Company 


Legal  Decisions 


John  Whiiehill 


JOHN  WHITEHILL,  district  manascr  for  Rikcr-Hcsiniau 
Company  in  the  Washington  Heights  section,  was 
awarded  the  first  district  prize  of  ?I00  in  a  "More 
Customers'  Campaign,"  contlucted  in  the  Riker  stores  in  New 
York,    Pennsylvania    and    New    Jersey    during    the    months    of 

June,  July  anil  August.  Of 
the  seven  capital  prizes  of- 
fered, no  less  than  three  of 
the  recipients  hailetl  from 
Mr.  Whitehill's  district.  It 
is  interesting  to  note  that 
these  fortunate  individuals  are 
unanimous  in  the  opinion 
that  they  owe  much  of  their 
success  to  the  enthusiasm  he 
succeeded  in  inspiring  in 
them. 

The  contest  was  an  inter- 
esting event  and  its  features 
might  well  be  imitated  by  any 
retail  pharmacist.  The  Riker- 
Hegeman  management  took 
the  number  of  customers 
served  at  each  store  during 
the  months  of  June,  July  and 
August,  1913,  added  a  certain 
percentage  for  each  particular 
establishment,  and  then  offered  money  prizes  for  the  seven 
stores  showing  the  highest  percentage  increase  during  the 
corresponding  three  months  this  year.  The  prizes  were 
awarded  to  the  stores  managed  by  the  following : — First  prize, 
S300,  William  Shears;  second,  $250,  A.  J.  Schellings:  third, 
S150,  C.  S.  Lowenstein;  fourth,  $100,  J.  F.  Mitchell;  f^fth, 
S50,  A.  P.  Huels;  si.xth,  $50, 
E.  E.  Senft;  seventh,  $50. 
E.  J.  Van  Tassell.  Mr. 
Whitehill  received  the  SlOd 
first  district  prize,  as  noted 
above,  and  C.  G.  Judge  was 
awarded  the  second  district 
prize  of  $50.  E.  E.  Burlin- 
game,  G.  F.  Piatt  and  C.  N. 
Harlowe  were  honorably  men- 
tioned. 

Mr.  Whitehill  has  been 
with  the  Riker-Hegeman  Com- 
pany for  more  than  25  years. 
He  is  a  licensed  pharmacist 
and  a  graduate  in  chemistry 
of  Cooper  Union.  He  was 
employed  by  the  old  Hege- 
man  &  Co.  in  its  laboratory 
at  203  Broadway  long  before 
he  was  licensed.  Until  the 
merger     of     the     Riker     and 

Hegeman  concerns  several  years  ago,  Mr.  Whitehill  was 
generally  recognized  as  the  head  of  the  laboratory.  For 
several  years  much  of  his  time  was  occupied  as  a  buyer 
for  Hegeman  &  Co.  When  the  laboratory  was  trans- 
ferred to  640  Broadway  and  a  store  was  opened  there 
he  was  made  manager  of  both.  The  merger  consum- 
mated, Mr.  Whitehill  became  district  manager  of  the  new 
concern's  stores  at  640  Broadway,  9th  Avenue  and  Broadway, 
2  West  14th  street  and  7th  avenue  and  14th  street.  Two 
years  ago  last  month  he  was  placed  in  charge  of  the  com- 
pany's   Washington    Heights    district,    where    he    is    now. 

Mr.  Whitehill  was  bom  in  .Andrew  Carnegie's  town,  Dun- 
fermline, Scotland.  Ten  years  ago  he  transferred  his  residence 
from  Brooklyn  to  Rutherford,  X.  J.,  and  he  now  makes  his 
home  in  that  town,  ten  miles  from  New  'Vork.  His  early 
education  was  obtained  in  London,  at  the  Kensington  Science 
and  Art  School,  where  he  received  a  first-class  certificate  and 
prize  in  elementary  chemistry. 


Charles  G.  Judge 


Liability  for  Explosion 
-Vction  was  brought  fur  personal  injuries  caused  by  the 
explosion  of  a  cylindrical  tank  containing  liquid  carbonic 
acid  gas.  The  tank  was  on  the  premises  of  the  defendant, 
a  ilrug  company,  wdien  it  exploded,  and  the  plaintiff  was 
working  on  the  floor  above.  It  was  held  that  the  mere  fact 
of  the  explosion  of  the  tank  upon  the  defendant's  premises 
was  not  sufficient  to  charge  it  with  negligence.  There  must 
be  some  evidence  that  the  tank  was  at  the  time  of  the  ex- 
plosion in  the  defendant's  custody  and  control.  In  the- 
absence  of  such  evidence  judgment  was  entered  for  the  de- 
fendant. (Conlcy  vs.  United  Drug  Co.,  Massachusetts. 
Supreme    Court,    105    N.    E.    975.) 


Sale  of  Liquor — Pretended  Druggists 
On  a|)peal  from  a  conviction  of  a  violation  of  the  local 
option  law  it  appeared  that  the  two  defendants  were  partners, 
in  business  as  pseudo-druggists;  neither  had  a  license  as  a 
pharmacist,  nor  did  they  have  a  pharmacist  in  their  employ. 
They  employed  a  retired  physician,  and  under  what  they 
claimed  was  a  prescription  written  by  him  a  sale  was  made 
o  a  quart  of  wliLsky.  The  sale  was  made  by  one  of  the 
partners  in  the  defendant's  store.  The  evidence  was  con- 
tradictory as  to  whether  the  other  defendant  was  present,  and 
there  was  no  evidence  that  the  sale  was  contrary  to  his 
wishes  of  instructions.  It  was  held  that,  the  defendants  not 
having  a  pharmacist's  license,  and  having  no  licensed  phar- 
macist in  their  employ,  they  were  not  druggists  and  had  no- 
right  to  sell  whisky  on  a  prescription,  or  without  it.  Every 
sale  of  whisky  made  by  them  was  unlawful.  The  very  nature 
of  the  partnership,  so  far  as  the  sale  of  liquor  was  concerned,, 
was  a  conspiracy  to  violate  the  law,  and  under  these  cir- 
cumstances each  was  liable  for  a  sale  made  by  the  other. 
(State  vs.  O'Kelly,   Missouri  Supreme  Court,   167   S.  W.  980.) 


Contract  of  Sale   for  Cash — Inspection  of  Goods — 

Buyer's  Remedies 
The  contract  of  sale  of  a  showcase  stipulated :  "Terms  net 
cash.  All  terms  mean  from  date  of  shipment,  and  not  from 
date  goods  are  received,"  and  provided  that,  if  goods  were  not 
up  to  contract,  the  seller  might  enter  on  the  buyer's  premises 
and  remove  the  same,  and  that  a  retention  of  the  goods  for 
ten  days  by  the  buyer  without  complaint  was  an  acceptance, 
and  a  conclusive  admission  of  the  representations  made  by 
the  seller.  It  was  held  that  this  did  not  prevent  the  seller 
from  requiring  the  buyer,  through  draft,  with  bill  of  lading 
attached,  to  pay  for  the  goods  before  obtaining  possession. 
Where  the  buyer  paid  the  draft  and  took  possession  of  the 
goods,  he  had  ten  days  within  which  to  examine  them.  If 
during  that  period  he  discovered  that  they  did  not  comply 
with  the  contract,  he  might  complain  to  the  seller,  and  either 
return  the  goods  and  demand  the  price,  or  he  might  keep 
them  and  sue  for  breach  of  warranty.  (Eason  Drug  Co.  vs. 
Montgomery  Showcase  Co.,  Alabama  Supreme  Court,  65  So. 
345.) 


Misbranding   of   Insecticide 

In  proceedings  for  the  condemnation  of  insecticide  labeled 
"Sulpho-Napthol"  and  "Inert  Substance  Water  7%,  Insecticide'" 
93%,  it  was  held  that  the  product  was  misbranded  for  the 
reason  that  it  contained  less  than  four-tenths  of  1  per  cent 
of  sulphur,  the  presence  of  w^hich  was  due  to  chemical  or 
accidental  impurities,  although  the  usefulness  of  the  article 
was  not  affected,  and  also  because  it  contained  as  much  as 
10.5  per  cent  of  water.  A  manufacturer,  it  was  held,  may 
not  give  to  his  product  a  name  which  indicates  the  presence 
in  it  in  substantial  quantities  of  a  constituent  when  such 
is  not  the  fact.  (I.ibby,  McNeill  &  Libby  vs.  United  States, 
C.  C.  A.,  210  Fed.  148.)  The  manufacturers  of  the  product 
cxpres.sed  themselves  as  willing  to  consent  to  a  decree  of  con- 
demnation. They  did  not  wish  to  put  out  their  product  under 
a  name  which  could  lead  any  reasonable  person  to  believe 
that    he   was   getting   something    other   than    he    was.      It    was- 


October,  I'Jl-l] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


485 


willing  to  adopt  another  name,  and  in  some  way  convey  the 
information  that  the  article,  heretofore  called  sulpho-napthol, 
does  not  contain  any  appreciable  quantities  of  sulphur  or  any 
sulphur  derivative.  (United  States  vs.  Two  Cases  of  Sulpho- 
Xapthol,    213    Fed.    519.) 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


Taxation — Advertising  Patent  Medicines 
Appeal  was  made  from  a  conviction  for  an  alleged  viola- 
tion of  section  2  of  chapter  90  of  the  ilississippi  Laws  of 
1912,  by  which  a  ta.^  of  S150  is  imposed  on  each  person,  firm 
or  corporation  selling  or  advertising  by  harangue,  in  any 
town  or  city,  patent  medicines,  except  a  licensed  merchant 
or  druggist  selling  from  his  place  of  business.  The  appellant 
sold  a  lot  of  patent  medicine  to  the  Marks  Drug  Company, 
either  a  corporation  or  a  partnership,  engaged  in  the  sale 
of  drugs  in  the  Town  of  JIarks,  Hiss.,  having  a  regular 
place  of  business,  and  agreed,  as  a  part  of  the  consideration 
for  the  purchase  thereof,  that  he  would  assist  the  company 
in  advertising  and  introducing  it.  This  he  did  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner :  A  platform  was  erected  in  front  of  the 
company's  store  on  which  the  appellant  would  stand,  accom- 
panied by  a  negro  with  a  banjo.  This  negro  would  attract 
a  crowd  by  playing  his  banjo,  singing,  and  telling  stones, 
and  the  appellant  would  then  make  a  speech  telling  the  crowd 
of  the  great  benefits  to  be  derived  by  them  from  the  use  of 
this  medicine,  which  they  could  purchase  from  the  Harks 
Drug  Company.  He  would  then  invite  the  crowd  to  follow 
him  into  the  store.  After  the  crowd  would  congregate  in  the 
store,  sales  of  the  medicine  would  be  made  to  the  members 
thereof  by  employees  of  the  drug  company.  It  was  held  that, 
as  it  appeared  that  the  appellant,  in  advertising  this  medi- 
cine, was  acting  for  the  ilarks  Drug  Company,  which  com- 
pany had  the  right  to  have  its  medicine  so  advertised  if  it 
desired  to  do  so,  no  crime  was  committed.  (Hass  vs.  State, 
Mississippi  Supreme  Court,  65   So.  502.) 


Liens    for    Wages 

The  prescription  clerk  and  porter  of  a  drug  store,  the 
stock  in  which  had  come  into  the  hands  of  a  receiver,  filed 
a  petition  for  the  establishment  of  a  preferred  lien  for  em- 
ployee's wages  given  by  Tennessee  Acts  1897,  c.  78,  as 
amended  by  Acts  1905,  c.  414.  The  property  was  described 
as  the  drug  business  at  the  corner  of  C.  and  M.  avenues  in 
Memphis,  Tenn.  There  were  other  prior  liens  on  part  of 
the  fixtures.  It  was  held  that  the  petition  was  properly  de- 
nied, as  it  should  have  described  the  property  specifically, 
with  a  statement  of  the  nature  of  the  lien,  or  an  attachment 
should  have  been  issued  and  levied.  fHessig-Ellis  Drug  Co. 
vs.  Stone,   Tennessee  Supreme  Court,    167   S.   W.  864.) 


Violation  of  Local  Option  Law — Sufficiency  of 
Evidence 
The  proprietor  of  a  drug  store  was  indicted  for  selling 
intoxicating  liquor  to  one  Brown  without  having  a  license 
and  in  violation  of  the  local  option  law.  Brown  was  the 
only  witness  for  the  State  and  defendant  the  only  witness  for 
himself.  Brown  testified  that  he  made  one  purchase  of  a 
quart  of  whisky  from  the  defendant's  clerk  in  charge  of  his 
drug  store,  without  having  a  prescription  for  it.  He  was  in- 
definite as  to  the  date,  but  stated  that  it  was  about  the  mid- 
dle of  the  winter  of  1912  and  1913  and  during  the  defend- 
ant's absence;  he  thought  while  the  defendant  was  out  of 
town.  The  defendant  testified  that  he  was  absent  in  Arkansas 
from  the  first  week  in  February  to  the  first  week  in  March, 
and  that  he  never  heard  of  the  sale  in  question  until  after 
the  indictment;  that  he  never  authorized  his  clerk  to  make  a 
sale;  on  the  contrary,  had  directed  him  not  to  sell  liquor 
without  a  written  prescription  from  a  physician.  This  was 
all  the  evidence  except  that  between  five  and  six  years  before 
the  sale,  and  before  the  adoption  of  the  local  option  law, 
he  had  pleaded  guilty  to  selling  liquor  without  a  license. 
On  appeal  it  was  held  that  the  evidence  was  insufficient  to 
authorize  a  conviction.  (State  vs.  Walls,  (Mo.)  167  S.  W. 
1160.) 


Vegetable  sponges  are  used  a  great  deal  by  the  poorer 
classes  of  Ecuador.  They  assert  that  for  many  purposes  the 
vegetable  sponge  is  superior  to  the  sponges  of  animal  origin. 


The  Economy  Co-Operative  Drug  Stores  is  the  style 
of  a  new  corporation  consisting  of  some  of  the  ''live  wire" 
druggists  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  The  membership  in  the 
corporation,  it  is  reported,  was  selected  by  an  impartial  com- 
mittee, the  members  of  which  considered  volume  of  business, 
progressiveness  and  location.  It  was  aimed  to  have  a  repre- 
sentative Economy  drug  store  in  every  section  of  the  city, 
each  with  a  reputation  for  square  dealing  and  an  Al  financial 
rating.  There  are  18  firms  in  the  corporation  and  they  own 
23  retail  drug  stores,  the  largest  chain  of  advertised  drug 
stores  on  the  Coast.  The  new  co-operative  concern's  scheme 
of  advertising  includes  the  publication  of  full-page  ads.  A 
recent  issue  of  the  San  Francisco  Bulletin  contained  the 
pictures  of  the  23  members. 

J.  Albert  Stackhouse,  for  years  a  well-known  and  popular 
pharmacist  at  .\sbury  Park.  N.  J.,  and  James  C.  Field,  of 
Plainfield,  formerly  a  salesman  for  Roeber  &  Kuebler,  wholesale 
druggists,  of  Newark,  have  purchased  the  Crenelle  &  Schanck 
pharmacy,  at  608  Cookman  avenue,  Asbury  Park.  Mr.  Stack- 
house  until  recently  was  manager  of  the  Asbury  Park  store  of 
the  Lauer  Drug  Co.  ilr.  Field  has  been  manager  of  the 
Crenelle  &:  Schanck  pharmacy  since  early  in  July,  when  the 
death  of  Mr.  Crenelle's  daughter  caused  him,  temporarily,  to 
give  up  active  work.  Crenelle  &  Schanck  will  continue  to  con- 
duct their  Allenhurst  pharmacy,  the  year  around,  and  will  also 
continue  their  ice-cream  manufacturing  business. 

George  P.  Mills,  one  of  the  oldest  merchants  of  Evanston, 
111.,  has  sold  his  drug  store  at  Maple  avenue  and  Davis  street. 
Mr.  Mills  has  been  engaged  in  the  drug  business  since  January, 
1880.  He  came  to  Evanston  in  1884  and  began  working  for 
N.  P.  Williams,  becoming  a  partner  with  the  latter  shortly 
thereafter.  After  several  changes  of  address,  the  partnership 
was  dissolved  in  1900,  Mr.  Mills  keeping  a  store  on  the  west 
side  and  Mr.  Williams  retaining  the  east  side  establishment. 
Mr.  Williams  later  sold  out  to  J.  H.  Wells,  ilr.  Jlills  has  just 
sold  out  to  E.  A.  Neverman,  for  10  years  in  the  drug  business 
on  Davis  street.  Jlr.  Mills  is  city  treasurer.  He  has  been 
closely  identified  with  the  Evanston  Ph.  A. 

The  American  Thermos  Bottle  Co.,  Norwich,  Ct.,  has 
received  a  shipment  from  Germany,  comprising  about  three 
carloads  of  the  finest  pistons  produced  on  the  continent.  This 
company's  glass  supply  from  abroad  has  been  interfered  with, 
due  to  the  war.  The  international  combination  of  the  Thermos 
factories  has  been  only  partially  consummated,  due  to  the  same 
interruption,  and  the  English  factory,  which  formerly  received 
supplies  from  Germany,  has  now  turned  to  the  Norwich  plant. 
.Arrangements  have  been  made  to  ship  100,000  bottles  to 
London.  The  British  government  has  guaranteed  the  safe 
arrival  of  the  first  cargo. 

The  Read  Drug  Company,  Lexington  and  Howard 
streets,  Baltimore,  Md.,  is  planning  to  erect  a  new  building  on 
the  site  of  the  old  one  recently  destroyed  by  fire.  The  new 
structure  will  be  six  stories  high.  Plans  are  now  being  pre- 
pared and  the  building  is  scheduled  to  be  completed  within 
four  months.  It  is  aimed  to  make  this  drug  store  one  of  the 
sights  of  the  city  and  the  interior,  it  is  said,  will  show  every 
advance  in  the  retail  drug  business.  The  Read  drug  store,  it 
is  reported,  will  remain  indefinitely  in  its  present  location  at 
Le-xington  and  Liberty  streets,  tvvo  squares  away  from  the 
new  main  store, 

A.  G.  Manulis,  druggist,  Brooklyn,  was  held  in  SSOO  bail 
for  the  Grand  Jury  on  a  charge  of  grand  larceny  preferred  by 
the  Assay  Laboratory,  Inc.,  in  which  a  number  of  prominent 
South  Brooklyn  physicians  are  interested.  The  charge  was 
based  on  the  allegation  that  the  druggist  held  $200  worth  of 
the  corporation's  machinery  and  supplies  as  security  for  rent, 
after,  as  the  plaintiffs  declared,  he  had  accepted  under  an 
agreement  180  shares  of  the  corporation's  stock  in  lieu  of  rent. 
Manulis  acknowledged  receiving  the  shares,  but  denied  that 
any  agreement  existed  and  insisted  that  he  was  entitled  to  his 
rent. 

The  United  Drug  Co.,  Boston,  has  voted  to  issue  $1,000,000 
of  additional   preferred  stock  for  cash   in   full.     The   company 


4S6 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    EKA 


[October,  1914 


has  declared  the  regular  quarterly  dividend  of  1^4  per  cent,  on 
the  preferred  stock  payable  in  cash  and  the  payment  of  2  per 
cent,  on  the  common  stock  in  6  per  cent,  scrip,  redeemable  one 
year  from  date  or,  at  the  option  of  the  company,  at  any  prior 
quarterly  dividend  date.  It  is  reported  Oiat  the  payment  scrip 
is  due  to  a  desire  to  conserve  cash  resources  for  the  merchan- 
dise market,  in  which  the  company  has  been  a  heavy  purchaser 
during  the  past  four  weeks. 

Allen  Paul,  acting  for  himself  and  the  Paul  pharmacy, 
Houston.  Te.xas,  and  the  Houston  National  Exchange  bank, 
has  sued  H.  S.  Fox  for  §150,000  damages,  whidi  he  alleges 
has  been  incurred  to  his  business.  He  charges,  it  is  reported, 
that  Fox  has  circulated  false  reports  and  has  thereby  affected 
his  business  and  credit.  He  asks  for  an  injunction  restraining 
the  defendant  from  further  injuring  his  business  in  any  way. 
The  suit  was  filed  just  24  hours  after  a  suit  for  $.=;,000  alleged 
debt  had  been  filed  by  the  above  bank  against  .\llen  Paul. 

The  L.  K.  Preston  Drug  Co.,  Beaumont,  Texas,  whose 
drug  stock  and  fixtures  have  been  in  the  hands  of  a  receiver 
for  several  weeks,  has  been  purchased  by  a  new  company, 
incorporated  with  a  capital  of  $9,000.  The  consideration  is 
understood  to  have  been  slightly  less  than  ?5,000.  W.  C. 
Wiley  is  president,  treasuer  and  manager  of  the  new  corpo- 
ration. O.  B.  Sawyer  is  vice-president,  and  R.  W.  Abbott, 
secretary.  The  company  opened  for  business  under  the  name 
of  Palace  drug  store. 

The  Day  Drug  Co.,  of  .\kron,  Ohio,  has  secured  a  tem- 
porary restraining  order,  preventing  the  collection  by  the 
county  treasurer  of  $1200  as  a  liquor  tax,  alleged  to  be  due 
the  county  on  account  of  liquor  sold  at  one  of  the  stores 
operated  by  the  company.  The  company,  in  its  petition  filed 
by  William  Shoemaker,  its  president,  declares  that  no  in- 
toxicating liquors  whatever  were  sold  by  the  company  for 
the  year  ending  May  25,  1914,  and  that  there  is  therefore 
no  liquor  tax  due. 

McCormick  &  Co.,  manufacturers  of  drugs  and  spices, 
Baltimore,  are  making  alterations  in  their  establishment  at  a 
cost  of  some  thousands  of  dollars.  The  firm  some  time  ago 
acquired  a  wooden  box  factory  on  the  corner  of  Lombard  and 
Concord  streets,  and  this  building  has  been  reconstructed  so 
as  to  adapt  it  to  the  needs  of  the  new  owners.  The  firm  now 
has  possession  of  the  entire  block,  with  the  exception  of  a 
small  lot  on  the  southeast  corner  which  is  occupied  by  a  cafe. 

The  2(Xh  Century  drug  store,  17th  street  and  Third 
avenue,  Rock  Island,  111.,  was  recently  opened,  hundreds  of 
people  visiting  the  establishment  the  first  day.  John  A. 
Bengston,  proprietor  of  the  pharmacy,  was  present  to  greet  all 
his  friends  and  the  store  was  crowded  all  day  and  throughout 
the  evening  hours.  The  comer  has  been  entirely  remodeled 
during  the  last  few  weeks  and  the  store  has  been  fitted  out 
until  entirely  transformed. 

Walker  &  Gibson,  wholesale  druggists,  Albany,  N.  Y., 
are  rushing  the  construction  of  their  new  building  at  Broadway 
and  Orange  street.  The  building  will  be  five  stories  in  height, 
with  a  large  basement.  It  will  have  a  frontage  of  about  200 
feet  on  Broadway  and  will  extend  from  Broadway  to  Mont- 
gomery street.  Several  store  houses  on  Norton  street,  now 
used  by  the  firm,  will  be  abolished  when  the  company  moves 
into  its  new  headquarters. 

The  Red  Cross  Drug  Co.,  through  its  president,  T.  W. 
Thiesen,  Racine,  has  been  dickering  with  the  attorney  for 
the  creditors  of  the  Public  Drug  Co.,  Kenosha,  Wis.,  to  take 
over  the  company's  store,  which,  it  is  reported,  has  been 
in  straitened  financial  circumstances  for  some  time.  It  is 
said  that  the  liabilities  of  the  drug  firm  amount  to  about 
$3,000  and  the  assets  are  placed  by  the  attorney  at  $1,200. 

James  F.  Hart,  a  druggist  of  Marietta,  Ohio,  recently 
filed  a  voluntary  petition  in  bankruptcy,  scheduling  liabilities 
of  $5517  and  assets,  including  stock  in  trade,  of  the  esti- 
mated value  of  $3889.  The  largest  single  claim  against  Mr. 
Hart  is  held  by  a  Marietta  bank,  in  the  sum  of  $2940,  which 
is  partly  covered  by  a  life  insurance  policy.  Poor  collections 
and   bad   business  are  given   as  causes  of  the   failure. 

C.  F.  Powers,  Portland,  Mich.,  is  reported  as  having  re- 
ceived a  minature  olive  oil  can  through  the  mail  in  reply  to  his 
order  to  the  Michigan  Drug  Co.  for  several  cans  of  olive  oil. 
It   was   filled   with   sand  and   printed   on   the   top   were  these 


words:  "This  can  contains  sand,  not  olive  oil."  The  com- 
pany, according  to  a  local  reporter,  took  this  way  to  inform 
its  customer  that  there  was  no  olive  oil  to  be  had. 

A  receiver  for  the  Synvita  Medicine  Co.,  Lima,  Ohio, 
has  been  requested  by  the  Fort  Wayne  Box  Co.,  of  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.  The  peitition  declares  Uiat  the  local  firm  is 
hopelessly  insolvent  and  asks  to  recover  from  the  defendant 
?1,051.2S,  with  interest  from  July  21.  According  to  the  peti- 
tion, the  Lima  firm  has  total  assets  of  not  more  than  $500 
and  outstanding  indebtedness  of  $4,500. 

The  Wangler  Brothers'  drug  store,  Cedar  Falls,  la.,  has 
been  sued  for  $10,000,  which  sum  has  been  asked  for  because 
of  the  tragic  death  of  William  Schneiderman  in  an  explosion 
in  the  pharmacy  last  December.  The  suit  was  filed  by  the 
administrator  of  young  Schneiderman's  estate.  It  is  reported 
that  the  young  man  was  in  the  act  of  compounding  some 
chemicals  which  were  highly  explosive. 

Angelo  C.  Serra,  a  wealthy  Italian  druggist  of  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  has  received  two  letters  within  10  days  from  a  gang  of 
blackhandcrs  demanding  that  he  pay  $5,000  or  be  killed.  He 
has  not  followed  the  instructions  in  the  letters  and  has  re- 
mained in  his  store  during  business  hours  surrounded  by  a 
bodyguard.  Meanwhile  the  police  of  Cleveland  are  hunting  for 
the  gang  that  made  the  threat. 

J.  T.  Moore  and  B.  D.  Woodward  are  retiring  from  the 
drug  business  at  the  "Old  Round  Corner,"  Lawrence,  Kans. 
Woodward  &  Co.,  the  oldest  business  house  in  Lawrence  was 
established  in  1855  and  in  the  early  days  did  considerable 
manufacturing.  Then,  too,  much  of  its  business  was  of  a 
wholesale  nature.  The  late  F.  A.  Faxon  was  at  one  time 
identified  with  the  firm. 

The  Von  Phul  &  Gordon  Drug  Co.,  Beaumont,  Texas, 
has  been  dissolved  and  S.  W.  Gordon  will  continue  the  busi- 
ness, F.  A.  Von  Phul  retiring.  The  realty  has  been  transferred 
to  the  Von  Phul  &  Gordon  Realty  Co.,  which  will  continue  in 
control.  The  Von  Phul  &  Gordon  Drug  Co.  succeeded  the 
Lake  Charles  drug  store  established  there  in  1895  by  Dr. 
Meyers. 

D'Orsay,  Inc.,  of  Paris,  a  leading  French  manufacturer  of 
perfumes,  is  to  open  an  establishment  at  715  Fifth  avenue. 
New  York.  This  house  has  shops  in  the  Rue  de  la  Paix, 
Paris,  and  in  Unter  den  Linden,  Berlin.  The  European  war 
has  prevented  the  bringing  over  of  the  fixtures  and  furniture 
for  the  American  store.  The  lease  is  for  17  years  from 
Sept.  1. 

The  C.  C.  Reed  drug  store,  established  in  Lincoln,  III., 
25  years  ago,  was  sold  recently  to  Frank  Pfau,  Jr.,  who  assumed 
charge  at  once.  Mr.  Reed  has  been  in  ill  health  f»r  some 
time  and  is  at  present  at  Santa  Cruz,  Cal.  His  wife  has 
had  charge  of  the  store  during  the  past  two  years,  but  will 
join  her  husband  as  soon  as  the  invoice  is  completed. 

E.  M.  Funk,  the  pioneer  druggist  of  Hampton,  la.  ,has, 
after  a  business  career  of  thirty-three  years  spent  in  the  same 
building,  sold  his  stock  of  goods  to  John  J.  Marschall,  who 
immediately  took  possession.  Mr.  Funk  came  to  Hampton 
in  1881.  Until  19  years  ago  the  business  was  a  partnership, 
his  brother-in-law  at  one  time  being  interested. 

The  TI.  S.  district  attorney  at  Kansas  City  has  had 
warrants  issued  for  the  arrest  of  C.  F.  Larey,  Paul  L.  Hess 
and  John  W.  Kepner.  They  are  alleged  to  have  sold  cheap 
cigars  in  boxes  of  costlier  brands.  The  druggists  were  ar- 
raigned before  the  U.  S.  Commissioner  and  released  under  $500 
bonds  to  appear  later  in  court. 

The  Matthews  drug  store  is  the  sixth  to  be  opened  at 
Modesto,  Cal.  It  is  located  in  the  Modesto  theater  building. 
The  proprietors  are  W.  H.  Matthews  and  his  son,  W.  E. 
Matthews,  who  have  come  to  Modesto  after  disposing  of  stores 
at  Chico  and  San  Francisco.  The  new  company  will  manu- 
facture a  malarial  remedy. 

I.  B.  Kahn  &  Co.,  druggists,  Zion  City,  III.,  are  prepared 
for  a  legal  fight,  if  necessary,  with  Voliva,  the  successor  of 
John  Alexander  Dowie.  According  to  Voliva,  "the  three  D's 
stand  for  Drugs,  Dances  and  Devils,"  all  of  which  have  been 
prohibited  since  the  founding  of  the  city.  He  is  trying  to  oust 
the  drug  store. 

Leo   Chulock,   who  conducts  a  drug  store  at   12th  avenue 


October,  1914]  THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA  487 

Notable  Feature  of  N.  A.  R.  D.  Drug  Show  in  Philadelphia  Last  Month 


A  FEATURE  out  of  the  ordinary  was  the  Drug  Show  held  in  the  Bellevue-Stratford  Hotel  last  month  in  Phila- 
delphia in  conjunction  with  the  N.  A.  R.  D.  Convention,  and  so  popular  did  it  prove  with  the  general  public 
that  the  management  was  forced  to  provide  itself  with  police  protection.  Among  the  notable  exhibits  was 
that  made  by  the  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.,  the  well  known  manufacturers  of  soda  fountain  requisities,  of  Rochester, 
a  reproduction  of  which  is  shown  in  the  ..bove  illustration.  The  booth  was  in  charge  of  Joseph  M.  Schilling  and 
Charles  F.  Port,  the  Philadelphia  and  New  York  State  representatives  of  the  company,  respectively,  and  who  are  credited 
with  the  arrangement  and  decorations  of  the  exhibit.  Following  a  custom  of  previous  years,  "Golden  Orangeade" 
was  dispensed  free  to  visitors,  and  that  this  popular  beverage  was  well  liked  is  evident  by  the  fact  that  at  times  as  high 
as  three  gallons  were  dispensed  in  four  minutes.  The  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.  received  many  compliments  on  the 
appearance  of  the  booth  and  thanks  for  the  souvenirs  distributed  and  drinks  dispensed  duriiig  the  Convention,  the  members 
of  the  association   being  unanimous   in   their  appreciation   of  the  company's  effort   to  entertain   them. 


and  Fourth  street,  Maywood,  III.,  is  erecting  a  two-story  brick 
store  and  fiat  building,  which  will  include  room  for  himself 
and  offices  for  a  physician  and  a  dentist.  Mr.  Chulock 
opened  his  drug  store  at   its  present  location   five  years  ago. 

Tile  committee,  appointed  to  investigate  the  financial  con- 
dition of  Grandfield's  pharmacy.  Inc.,  Fall  River,  Mass.,  was 
further  adjourned  at  the  meeting  held  Aug.  28,  in  order  that 
some  one  with  an  expert  knowledge  of  the  drug  business  might 
furnish  .rdvice  as  to  the  value  of  stock,  etc. 

The  United  Drug  Company  has  purchased  ten  lots  of 
land  adjoining  its  property  on  Leon  street,  Boston.  Eight  of 
the  lots  are  on  Leon  street,  near  Greenleaf  street,  and  the  rest 
are  on  Field  street,  near  Madison  court.  The  areas  ac- 
quired are  41,080  and  10,161  square  feet. 

C.  A.  Coley,  who  conducted  for  many  years  a  drug  store 
in  Pittsfield,  111.,  recently  filed  a  petition  in  bankruptcy.  His 
assets  are  placed  at  $2000  and  his  liabilities  at  between  $9000 
and  $10,000,  most  of  which,  it  is  stated,  is  due  lo  frierds  for 
small   loans  or  security  debts. 

The  Riker-Jaynes  Drug  Co.  stores  in  New  York  and 
Connecticut  have  been  transferred  to  the  Riker-Hegeman  Co., 
of  New  York.  This  change  from  Boston  to  local  head- 
quarters was  made  in  order  to  handle  the  busine.ss  of  the  two 
states  more  expeditiously. 

O.  O.  Gates  has  moved  his  pharmacy  from  the  Bauchman 
building,  corner  Main  nnd  Sixth  streets.  Benwood,  W.  Va.,  to 
a  room  in  the  Bank  of  Benwood  building.  When  the  installa- 
tion is  complete  Mr.  Gates  will  have  one  of  the  most  attractive 
drug  stores  in   the  State. 

The  Burke-Bradford  Drug  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  has 
leased  the  corner  store  room   of  the  Black   building,   at   Fourth 


and  Hill  streets,  for  a  period  of  ten  years,  the  total  rental 
amounting  to  $90,000.  The  lessees  will  open  a  modern  drug 
store  at  once. 

E.  K.  Squibb  &  Sons,  manufacturing  chemists.  New  York, 
with  a  branch  at  311  West  Washington  street,  Chicago,  were 
recently  robbed  of  133  bottles  of  cocaine  hydrochloride  worth 
$585  by  burglars  who  entered  their  building  in  the  Windy  City. 

Brewer  &  Co.,  wholesale  druggists.  Fall  River,  Mass.,  have 
broken  ground  for  a  new  storehouse  and  office  building  to  be 
located  diagonally  across  from  the  Fall  River  station.  The 
building  will  be   100  by  100  feet  and  three  stories  in  height 

Frank  Frazier,  Opelika,  Ala.,  has  purchased  an  interest 
in  the  drug  business  of  J.  H.  Thomason,of  that  city.  Although 
a  native  of  Opelika,  Mr.  Frazier  has  been  connected  with  a 
Selma  drug  firm  for  several  years. 

E.  A.  Holmes,  formerly  a  prescription  clerk  at  Byrne's 
pharmacy,  Atchison,  Kans.,  is  conducting  his  own  drug  store 
at  Lemonville,  Mo.,  and  his  wife  has  charge  of  the  soda 
fountain  and  a  cafeteria. 

A.  D.  Loar,  who  has  conducted  a  drug  store  at  Grove  and 
Main  streets,  Bloomington,  111.,  for  the  past  six  months,  is 
reported  as  expecting  to  move  his  stock  to  the  400  block'  on 
North   Ifain  street. 

J.  A.  Hamilton,  Jr.,  Wharton,  Texas,  has  filed  a  volun- 
tary petition  in  bankruptcy.  His  liabilities  are  listed  at 
$14,007  and  his  a=sets  at  $10,050.  Of  the  liabilities,  S12.22S 
is  in  unsecured  debts. 

Benjamin  Burkan,  a  dn,g  c'erk  of  this  city,  who  formerly 
conducted  a  drug  store  at  2039  Madison  avenue,  has  filed  a 
petition  in  bankruptcy,  showing  liabilities  amounting  to  $2,049 
and  no  assets.  '       ' 


488 


THE    PIIARMACKITR'AL    ERA 


r  October.  1014 


Israel  Bass,  druggist.  Brooklyn.  X.  Y.,  was  recently 
sentenced  to  three  months  in  the  penitentiary  at  hard  labor, 
for  selling  a  box  of  heroin  to  a  minor  without  a  physician's 
prescription. 

C.  L.  Gill,  Tutlock.  Cal.,  has  acquired  an  interest  in  the 
Central  phannacy.  Sandpoint,  Idaho.  Mr.  Gill  is  a  pharmacist 
and  takes  the  place  of  E.  E.  Saunders  who  sold  his  interest  to 
Mr.  Howard. 

Yerian  Brothers.  Tehachapi.  Tal..  will  move  their  phar- 
macy into  a  new  brick  buililing  which  now  occupies  the  old 
Kessing  block,  formerly  the  site  of  the  first  building  erected  in 
that  city. 

Felix  Resnick,  1256  .Amsterdam  avenue,  this  city,  has 
filed  schedules  in  bankruptcy,  showing  liabilities  of  $5,814; 
nominal  as-i^ets.  S2.(i60.  and  actual  assets,  $1,350. 

The  Riker-Jaynes  Drug  Co.  has  opened  a  new  store  at 
New  Bedford.  Conn.  This  is  the  99lh  store  opened  by  this 
company.     J.   H.   Coakley   is  the   manager. 

Mrs.  Minnie  Phares  has  purchased  all  interests  in  the 
rhares'  drug  store.  Liberty.  Ind..  and  is  now  in  complete  con- 
trol.    She  expects  xo  continue  the  business. 

Herbert  A.  Blackmer,  Xew  Bedford.  Mass.,  has  taken 
ovr  the  drug  store  of  Trank  Church  at  Purchase  and  Middle 
streets.     William   E.   Jennings   will   take   charge. 

The  Bass  City  Drug  Co.,  Waterbury,  Conn.,  recently 
elected  the  following  officers:  President.  James  F.  Colwell; 
treasurer,  Mary  II.  Colwell;  secretary,  Cecilia  Colwell. 

George  W.  Withrow,  proprietor  of  the  Witt  drug  store 
at  Witt,  111.,  has  been  adjudged  a  bankrupt  on  a  voluntary 
petition;   assets  scheduled.  $11,415;  liabilities,  $8,742. 

Henry  M.  Grotta,  druggist,  1392  Broadway,  this  city,  has 
been  placed  in  bankruptcy;  assets,  $2000;  liabilities.  $15,000. 
Edward   J.   Rayher   is  the  receiver. 

The  General  Chemical  Co.,  Chicago,  has  had  plans  pre- 
pared for  a  two-story  warehouse,  32  by  250  feet,  to  be  erected 
at  Hegewisch  a'  a  cost  of  $40,000. 

Charles  Smith,  druggist.  Lacon,  111.,  has  moved  to  the 
K.  of  P.  building  and  is  said  to  have  the  finest  drug  store  in 
his  section  of  the  State. 

George  Douglas,  druggist.  Holdingford,  Minn.,  has  opened 
a   branch  at   Bowlus.     His  sister,   Mrs.   Calhoun,   is   in  charge. 

Halper  Brothers,  Inc.,  Xew  York,  have  filed  schedules 
in  bankruptcy  with  liabilities  of  $11,019  and  assets  of  $3,400. 

Ralph  Stonerhas  has  sold  his  interest  in  the  drug  store  at 
Hamburg.   la.,  to  his  partner.  H.  H.  Griffith. 

A.  J.  Ayres,  Hannibal,  Mo.,  has  moved  his  drug  store  to 
716  Broadway,  that  city. 


REPORTED    THEFTS    AT    DOW'S    UNTRUE 


General  Manager  A.  M.  Hopkins  branded  as  entirely  untrue 
the  story  published  recently  in  a  Cincinnati  paper  to  the  ef- 
fect that  the  employees  of  the  Dow  string  of  drug  stores  had 
been  engaged  in  systematic  peculations  for  several  months,  the 
amount  taken  being  reported  as  aggregating  $50,000.  "It  is  pre- 
posterous to  believe  that  we  have  been  suffering  from  such 
wholesale  thieving  as  this  story  described,"  said  Manager  Hop- 
kins. "I  suppose  we  suffer,  along  with  every  other  retail  es- 
tablishment in  the  world,  from  the  occasional  'bad  egg'  who 
holds  out  something  now  and  then,  but  we  suffer  less  than 
does  the  average  store  from  this  annoyance,  because  we  have 
created  an  organization  spirit  among  our  employees,  which  is 
the  best  possible  safeguard  against  this  sort  of  unpleasaijt- 
ness."  The  story  in  question  claimed  that  about  twenty  clerks 
had  been  arrested,  and  that  many  had  confessed  their  guilt, 
but  no  names  were  given,  and  no  more  has  been  heard  con- 
cerning the  evidently  "faked"  story  in  any  of  the  Cincinnati 
papers. 


Drug   'Week  at   the   Panama  Exposition 

The  .\MR'rican  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociaticin  will  hold  its 
convention  next  year  at  .San  Krancisco.  in  connection  with 
the  Panama-Pacific  International  Exposition.  So  many  other 
associations  connected  with  the  drug  and  medical  field  have 
signified  their  intention  to  hold  their  annual  convention  in 
California  next  year  that  the  time  from  July  12  to  24,  I'M  5, 
has  already  been  designated  Drug  Week,  during  which  period 
over  a  dozen  conventions  will  be  bekl,  .\mong  the  bodies 
which  will  meet  in  San  Francisco  during  Drug  Week  are  the 
California  Pharmaceutical  .\ssociation.  which  will  act  as  host 
to  many  visiting  bodies,  the  N.  R.  D.  .•\.,  with  22,000  mem- 
bers, the  X.  W.  D.  S.,  with  17.000  members,  the  Phi  Delta 
Chi,  a  pharmaceutical  fraternity,  the  American  .Association 
of  Dairy.  Food,  and  Drug  Officials,  the  .American  Medical 
.Association,  which  body  will  contribute  a  most  elaborate 
exhibit  during  its  convention,  the  American  Academy  of 
Medicine,  and  several  other  a.s.sociations  of  specialists  and 
hygiene  and  sanitation  experts.  It  is  estimated  that  over 
50,000  members  of  the  various  druggists'  associations  will  be 
represented   at   different   conventions   during   Drug  Week. 

President  Charles  C.  Moore,  of  the  Exposition,  has  ad- 
dressed an  official  statement  to  the  commissioners  from  for- 
eign nations  to  the  Panama-Pacific  International  Exposition, 
denying  the  rumor  that  the  exposition  would  be  postponed 
on  account  of  the  European  War.  The  original  plan  will 
be  strictly  adhered  to,  the  Exposition  will  open  on  February 
20th,  1915,  and  will  continue  until  December  4th.  Xone  of 
the  warring  nations  has  signified  her  intention  to  withdraw 
her  exhibit,  and  France  and  Italy  have  re-assured  the  Com- 
mission that  their  plans  will  remain  unchanged,  no  matter 
what  the  length  or  outcome  of  the  War.  President  Moore 
believes  that  the  chaotic  conditions  which  must  exist  in  Eu- 
rope for  some  time,  even  if  the  war  were  brought  to  a  speedy 
end,  will  make  European  travel  a  rather  uncertain  proceeding, 
so  far  as  pleasure  is  concerned,  and  that  hosts  of  .Americans 
who  otherwise  would  visit  the  Continent  next  year  will  stay 
at  home  rather  than  endure  the  inevitable  discomforts  which 
will  attend  foreign  travel.  To  these  people,  as  well  as  to 
the  great  army  of  citizens  who  are  already  planning  to  go 
west  next  summer,  the  Exposition  will  offer  a  wonderful 
opportunity  not  only  to  "See  .America  first,"  but  also  to  see 
the  most  important  features  of  life  and  conditions  in  other 
countries  gathered  together  "under  one  roof"  where  they  can 
be  fully  studied  and  assimilated  without  discomfort  or  annoy- 
ance  of   any    kind. 


Look  out  for  Iraposter  From  Syracuse 
Jobbers  and  druggists  are  warned  to  be  on  the  lookout 
for  an  impostor  who  is  traveling  in  the  east,  representing 
himself  to  be  Xelson  P.  .Snow,  treasurer  of  C.  W.  Snow  & 
Co.,  wholesale  druggists  of  Syracuse.  He  is  described  as 
being  about  5  feet  10  indies  in  height,  about  35  years  old, 
profuse  brown  hair  parted  in  the  middle,  thin  brown  mustache, 
rather  short,  teeth  irregular,  not  very  good,  and  very  notice- 
able, weighs  about  170  pounds  and  appears  to  be  familiar 
with  the  drug  business,  and  especially  acquainted  with 
Syracuse    and    its    vicinity. 

W'hen  last  heard  of  he  was  in  Boston,  where  he  victimized 
a  jobbing  firm,  borrowing  a  sum  of  money  from  one  of  the 
officers.  It  is  believed  that  he  is  the  same  man  who  fleeced 
several  jobbers  in  New  York,  Boston  and  Philadelphia  in  a 
similar  manner  about  three  years  ago,  and  the  drug  trade 
is  requested  to  keep  a  sharp  watch  for  him,  and  if  appre- 
hended, he  should  be  turned  over  to  the  police.  The  genuine 
Mr,  Nelson  P.  Snow  is  warning  many  of  his  friends  through 
personal  letters  to  be  on  their  guard,  as  the  impostor  is  ex- 
tremely  clever   in   his   impersonation. 


The  Xew  Orleans  College  of  Pharmacy  opened  on  Sept.  22. 
The  enrollment,  while  excellent,  did  not  exceed  that  of  former 
years,  the  plague  situation  and  stringencies  in  the  cotton  belt 
being  blamed  for  the  deficiency.  Twelve  Cuban  students 
and   eight   women   are   taking   the   course. 


Youthful  LingTiist  Becomes  Pharmacist 
William  J.  Korbonits,  of  Xew  Brunswick,  X.  J.,  eighteen 
years  old,  passed  the  New  Jersey  State  Board  of  Pharmacy 
examination  in  July  with  high  honors,  thereby  becoming  one 
of  the  youngest  pharmacists  in  the  state.  He  is  an  excellent 
linguist,  and  speaks  English.  Polish,  Slavish  and  Hungarian. 
At  the  age  of  twelve  years  he  was  court  interpreter  at  New- 
ton, N.  J.  He  is  now  connected  with  Stormberg's  pharmacy, 
French    Street,    New    Brunswick. 


October.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


489 


WEATHERHEAD   CO.    OPENS  THIRD   STORE 


MERCHANDISE    IMPORTS   INTERRUPTED 


More  Than  20.000  Visitors  Drop  In  To  Take  a  Look 
and   Greet  the   New   Management 


Successful     Merchant     Advises     Early     Stocking     For 
Holiday    Trade — Explains   His    Business   Methods 


The  opening  of  the  third  store  of  the  Weatherhead  Drug 
Co.,  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  at  the  comer  of  Ninth  and  Vine 
streets,  recently,  was  a  pronounced  success,  judging  from  the 
number  of  people  who  visited  the  new  store.  President  H.  U. 
Bolles,  who  was  on  hand  all  day  assisting  in  waiting  on  the 
big  crowd,  estimates  that  not  less  than  20,000  persons  visited 
the  store  during  the  day.  The  cash  registers  showed  that 
over  4,000  people  had  actually  made  purchases,  which  gives 
an  idea  of  the  number  who  must  have  dropped  in  just  to  take 
a  look.  The  opening  was  announced  a  day  in  advance  by 
means  of  well-arranged  advertisements  in  several  of  the 
Cincinnati  papers,   giving  full   details  of  the  plans. 

E.  F.  Xehring,  who  has  been  with  the  company  at  the 
Si.xth  and  A'ine  store  for  some  time,  was  installed  as 
manager  of  the  new  place,  with  several  assistants,  including 
a  competent  dispenser  at  the  handsome  Puffer  fountain.  The 
store  is  not  especially  large,  being  about  20  by  45  feet,  but 
the  up-to-date  and  compact  arrangement  of  the  stock  and  the 
working  space  makes  it  possible  to  take  care  of  business  witli 
the  greatest  possible  efficiency.  Xo  counters  are  used,  wall- 
cases  with  glass  down  to  the  floor,  showing  the  goods  at- 
tractively, being  used  instead.  The  prescription  department 
and  stock  room  are  in  the  basement,  which  is  reached  from 
the  store  proper  by  means  of  a  stairway  at  the  rear,  and  is 
made  quickly  accessible  by  a  dumb  waiter  arrangement.  The 
woodwork  is  fumed  oak  and  the  floor  is  finished  in  an  at- 
tractive mosaic  tile  pattern.  The  windows  will  be  a  feature, 
a  man  being  employed  to  devote  his  entire  time  to  this  work. 

"The  opening  was  much  more  of  a  success,  in  the  point  of 
attendance  than  I  had  anticipated,"  said  President  Bolles.  '  "Of 
course,  I  selected  that  particular  location  because  I  believed  it 
to  be  a  good  one,  but  I  had  no  idea  that  such  crowds  would 
attend  as  turned  out  for  it.  It  indicates,  to  my  mind,  that 
business  at  this  point  will  very  nearly  approximate  that  of  the 
downtown  stores,  which  is  certainly  very  gratifying."  Practi- 
cally all  of  the  leading  wholesale  drug  firms  of  the  city,  as  well 
as  many  others,  sent  handsome  floral  offerings;  which  were 
used  effectively  in  the  decoration  of  the  store  for  the  opening. 


OHIO    OPIATE    LAW    SCORED    BY    JUDGE 

In  holding  Dr.  Joseph  S.  Podesta  and  J.  W.  Vester,  a 
druggist,  both  of  Cincinnati,  not  guilty  of  unlawfully  pre- 
scribing and  selling  morphine.  Municipal  Judge  Fricke  re- 
cently pointed  out  that  the  case  illustrated  a  serious  weakness 
of  the  Ohio  statute  on  the  subject,  in  that  the  law  does  not 
attempt  to  control  the  discretion  of  physicians  in  prescribing 
drugs,  but  only  prescribes  penalties  for  those  who  sell  un- 
lawfully, thus  leaving  a  gap  which  it  has  been  found  easy  to 
enter.  Witnesses  testified  at  the  trial  that  Dr.  Podesta  gave 
one  of  the  investigators  for  the  State  drug  inspector's  office 
two  prescriptions,  each  for  60  grains  of  morphine,  charging 
50  cents  for  the  first  prescription  and  SI. 00  for  the  second, 
although  both  were  gi%en  at  the  same  time.  He  also  sug- 
gested, it  was  testified,  that  the  prescriptions  could  be  filled 
at  Vester's  pharmacy,  and  the  witness  then  secured  the  drug 
there.  .After  Podesta  was  acquitted  of  legal  guilt,  the  prose- 
cution dismissed  the  case  against  A'ester,  as  he  was  obviously 
guilty  of  no  offense  in  supplying  the  drug  upon  a  prescription 
by  a  physician. 

In  connection  with  Podesta's  discharge  the  court  said : 
"This  is  a  seeming  miscarriage  of  justice,  but  is  due  to  what 
the  court  believes  to  be  a  failure  in  the  law.  There  is  no 
limitation  placed  in  the  law  on  the  amount  of  morphine  a 
physician  may  prescribe.  The  court  believes  the  defendant 
morally  guilty,  but  legally  not  guilty.  The  Legislature  should 
be  appealed  to  and  a  fixed  standard  be  set,  and  an  amend- 
ment should  render  guilty  any  physician  who  prescribes,  as 
well  as  the  druggist  who  fills,  prescriptions  where  the  amount 
is  greater  than  the  amount  fixed  by  law."  It  was  announced 
by  the  State  at  the  time  of  the  trial  that  an  appeal  would  be 
taken,  in  order  to  determine  whether  such  cases  as  Podesta's 
are  within  the  meaning  of  the  law   as   it  now   stands. 


!Mr.  Buegeleisex 


It  is  generally  granted  that  the  European  War  has  affected 
the  drug  trade  more  than  it  has  any  other  line  of  commercial 
activity  in  this  country. 
Immediately  upon  the  out- 
break of  hostilities  drug- 
gists became  aware  of  the 
disturbed  drug  liiarket. 
Imported  drugs  skyrocket- 
ed in  price  and  the  ex- 
treme cost  of  a  drug  was 
a  sure  criterion  of  its 
foreign  source.  .American 
dealers  were  caught  short 
and  the  effect  on  the  mar- 
ket was  immediate.  .\ 
secondary  effect  will  soon 
be  felt  in  the  drug  trade. 
Druggists  will  soon  learn 
the  geography  of  various 
sundry  lines,  especially 
many  of  those  in  large  de- 
mand during  the  holiday 
season.      Such    a    line    is    musical    merchandise. 

.According  to  Mr.  Buegeleisen,  of  Buegeleisen  and  Jacobson, 
111  University  Place,  the  war  has  entirely  cut  off  the  impor- 
tation of  harmonicas,  violin  strings,  violins  and  other  musical 
merchandise.  "The  only  goods  in  this  line  available  for  the 
Christmas  trade,"  said  Mr.  Buegeleisen  to  an  Er.\  representa- 
tive, "are  those  now  in  stock.  Druggists  who  would  stock  up 
for  the  coming  holiday  trade  should  order  early."  .As  his  firm 
is  the  only  house  in  the  musical  merchandise  trade  that 
specializes  wholly  in  this  line,  Mr.  Buegeleisen  is  qualified  to 
speak  authoritatively.  .A  feature  in  Buegeleisen  and  Jacob- 
son's  method  of  doing  business  has  been  to  put  itself  in  the 
place  of  the  local  merchant.  Said  Mr.  Buegeleisen:  "We  have 
studied  his  needs,  and  that  we  have  been  able  to  supply  those 
needs  satisfactorily,  systematically  and  expeditiously  is  the 
reason  w-hy  the  business  has  grown  to  such  proportions.  My 
aim  has  been  to  work  in  a  co-operative  sense  with  the  dealer, 
supplying  him  the  best  of  merchandise  at  thoroughly  consis- 
tent figures."  .After  specializing  in  the  musical  merchandise 
business  since  the  age  of  15  years,  Mr.  Buegeleisen  was  of 
the  opinion  that  it  should  be  profitable  to  the  retailer  in  every 
sense. 


Court  Enjoins  Substitution  of  Trademark  G«ods 

The  habit  of  some  unscrupulous  retailers  of  substituting 
inferior  brands  of  goods  for  standard  makes  was  dealt  a 
severe  blow  by  Judge  Learned  Hand,  of  the  District  Court, 
New  York,  in  a  decision  handed  down  in  the  case  of  the 
B.  y.  D.  Co.  against  Lucien  J.  Freund,  The  ruling  carries 
with  it  an  injunction  prohibiting  the  defendant  from  selling 
substitutes  for  goods  asked  for  by  the  customer,  representing 
such  substitutes  to  be  the  same  as  the  original  goods.  This 
decision  involves  a  new  line  of  correction  against  dealers 
■who  carry  extremely  small  stocks  of  trademarked  articles,  usu- 
ally in  sizes  few  people  can  wear,  while  prominently  placard- 
ing the  store  and  window  with  announcements  of  the  genuine 
article,  and  selling  imitation  merchandise  to  customers  thus 
lured  into  the  store.  It  also  forbids  alluding  to  a  trademark 
in    any    manner    and    then    selling   other    goods    therewith. 

The  point  covered  by  this  decree  is  a  step  in  the  direction 
of  cleaner  and  more  honorable  methods  of  merchandising. 
The  advertiser  who  through  national  advertising  and  the  in- 
trinsic quality  of  his  goods  builds  up  a  name  that  is  recog- 
nized as  standard  for  the  line  he  handles  should  be  allowed 
to  reap  the  just  profit  which  accrues  from  his  labor,  instead 
of  having  to  suffer  the  injustice  of  having  the  retailer  secure 
customers  through  lavish  advertising  of  the  standard  goods, 
and  then  palm  off  on  them  goods  of  inferior  make.  This 
decree  is  but  one  of  the  many  decisions  that  have  been  made 
in  recent  years  whose  influence  is  bound  to  make  for  better 
salesmanship,  better  business  methods,  and  greater  confidence 
between   the  customer  and  the   man   who  sells. 


490 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[  Octoui:;k,  11)14 


WAS  TAX  BILL  TO  RAISE  $105,000,000 

The  War  Tax  Bill,  which  passed  the  House  of  Represen- 
tatives on  September  25th,  and  is  now  before  the  Senate, 
does  not  impose  as  he3\->-  duties  on  the  drug  trade  as  did  the 
Spanish  War  Bill.  The  proposed  bill  taxes  wines,  and  other 
alcoholic  liquors,  tobaccos,  gasoline,  commercial  paper,  tele- 
graph and  telephone  messages,  the  business  of  brokers,  bankers, 
and  agents,  places  of  amusement  of  all  kinds,  and  insurance 
business. 

.Additional  revenue  to  the  amount  of  $105,000,000  is  ex- 
pected to  be  raised  by  this  measure.  Dealers  in  leaf  tobacco 
will  pay  $6  on  sales  not  exceeding  50,000  pounds  annually, 
and  $12  on  sales  not  exceeding  100,000  pounds  annually.  .\ny 
dealer  whose  total  sales  for  the  year  exceed  100,000  pounds 
will  pay  a  tax  of  $24. 

Manufacturers  of  tobacco  pay  the  same  rate  as  do  the 
dealers,  except  that  manufacturers  of  cigarettes  will  pay  a 
uniform  rate  of  $224.  Telegraph  and  telephone  messages  will 
be  taxed  one  cent  each.  Theatres,  museums,  and  music  halls 
in  cities  of  more  than  15,000  will  pay  a  tax  of  $100.  Bowling 
alleys  and  pool  tables  will  be  taxed  at  the  rate  of  $5  each. 
Gasoline  bears  a  tax  of  2  cents  per  gallon,  dry  wines  will 
be  taxed  12  cents  per  gallon,  and  wines  containing  more  than 
3  per  cent,  of  sugar  will  be  taxed  20  cents. 

Custom  house  brokers  will  pay  $10,  commercial  brokers  $20, 
and  stock  and  bond  brokers  will  pay  a  special  tax  of  $50. 
Life  insurance  will  be  taxed  8  cents  per  $100  of  value,  powers 
of  attorney,  notes,  brokers  memoranda  of  sale,  and  proxies 
for  voting  stock  will  be  taxed  ten  cents  each,  A  tax  of  2 
cents  on  chair  car  and  sleeping  car  tickets  will  be  levied. 
The  taxes  will  be  collected  at  the  source  wherever  practical. 


LOOK   OUT   FOR   THIS   IMPOSTOR 


Editor  the  Pharmaceutical  Era: 

Information  has  reached  us  that  one  Herz  is  calling  on 
druggists  in  New  York,  Brooklyn  and  eastern  New  Jersey, 
claiming  to  be  a  representative  of  this  company  and  ingra- 
tiating himself  into  favor  by  stating  that  he  is  looking  for 
an  opportunity  to  buy  a  store.  The  so-called  Herz  then  pro- 
ceeds to  steal  whatever  he  can,  picking  up  such  items  as 
aspirin,  etc.,  and  in  one  instance  stealing  money  from  the 
cash  register.  In  one  store  he  stated  he  had  some  morphine 
to  sell;  that  this  company  had  asked  him  to  deliver  it  to  a 
druggist,  providing  he  paid  a  long  past  due  account,  etc., 
and  as  the  druggist  in  question  had  failed  to  do  so,  this 
Herz  could  offer  the  drug  at  a  reduced  price  rather  than 
carry  it  about  with  him  all  day.  In  other  stores  he  has 
ads-anced   similar    tales   concerning   aspirin,    veronal,    etc. 

Will  you  kindly  announce  through  your  columns  that  this 
man  is  an  impostor  and  request  the  trade  to  notify  the  au- 
thorities and  phone  our  New  York  branch,  57-59  East  11th 
St.,  telephone  Stuyvesant,  4385-6,  at  once  should  such  an 
individual  call  on  them.  Thanking  you  for  your  co-operation 
in  running  down  this  rogue,  we  remain, 
Very  truly  yours, 
THE  NORWICH  PH.ARM.AC.AL  COjNIPANY, 

G.   L.   Vanderveer, 
Manager  of  Advertising  Department. 
Norwich,  N.   Y.,  Sept.   19th,   1914. 


Heavy   Purchases   by   United   Drug   Co. 

The  United  Drug  Co.,  of  Boston,  has  declared  its  regular 
quarterly  dividend  of  1J4%  on  preferred  stock,  payable  in 
cash,  and  2%  on  common  stock  in  6%  scrip,  redeemable  one 
year  from  date,  or  at  the  option  of  the  company  at  any  prior 
quarterly  date. 

The  desire  of  the  company  to  conserve  its  available  cash 
for  the  payment  of  purchases  recently  made  is  the  reason  for 
the  issuance  of  scrip  on  the  common  stock.  The  company 
is  a  large  buyer  of  imported  drugs,  and  as  the  stocks  of  many 
of  the  drugs  and  chemicals  used  in  the  manufacture  of  the 
company's  trademarked  remedies  are  in  danger  of  depletion, 
through  the  cessation  of  imports,  it  was  thought  wise  to  lay 
in   a   large   supply,    while   it   could   be   obtained,   so   that   the 


original  formulas  would  not  have  to  be  changed  because  some 
ingredients   could   not   be   obtained. 

Some  eighteen  months  ago  the  company  purchased  the 
business  of  Deitsch  Bros.,  brush  manufacturers,  and  through 
this  channel  loaded  its  French  factories  to  capacity.  The 
shipments  from  France  arrived  here  just  before  the  war,  and 
the  company  now  has  the  largest  and  most  complete  stock  of 
brushes   in    .America. 

Besides  this,  the  United  Drug  Co.  is  the  second  largest 
producer  of  .American  perfumes,  and  with  the  greatly  widened 
field  for  the  sale  of  American  made  goods  that  the  war  has 
afforded,  and  the  always  heavy  demand  for  this  class  of  mer- 
chandise during  holiday  time,  the  profits  on  this  line  are 
expected  to  be  extremely  large.  The  .August  business  in  per- 
fumes was  33Hi%  greater  than  the  corresponding  business 
last  year,  and  future  shipment  orders  were  heavier  than  ever 
before.  The  United  Drug  Co.  of  New  Jersey,  a  subsidiary 
concern,  showed  a  profit  for  the  year  ending  June  30th  last 
of  $134,000  in  excess  of  the  previous  twelve  months. 


P.  0.  Regulation  Re  Mailing  of  Medicines  Unchanged 
The  following  proposed  amendment  to  paragraph  4  of  sec- 
tion 472  of  the  postal  regulations,  relating  to  the  admission 
to  the  mails  of  medicines  and  anaesthetics  when  enclosed  in 
p,ackages  and  properly  labeled,  was  recently  submitted  to  the 
Drug  Trade  Section,  New  York  City  Board  of  Trade  and 
Transportation,   for  criticism: 

4,  Poisonous  substances  used  for  sanitary  or  medicinal 
purposes  or  in  the  arts  and  sciences  which  are  not  outwardly 
or  of  their  own  force  dangerous  or  injurious  to  life,  health 
or  property,  and  not  in  themselves  unmailable  (see  sections 
454  and  480)  may  be  admitted  to  the  mails  for  transmission 
in  the  domestic  mails  when  inclosed  in  containers  made  of 
metal,  wood,  papier-mache  or  similar  materials,  in  such  man- 
ner as  to  render  impossible  the  escape  of  any  of  the  contents; 
provided,  that  the  article  mailed  bears  the  label  or  super- 
scription of  the  manufacturer  thereof,  or  dealer  therein,  or  of 
the  licensed  physician,  dentist  or  veterinarian  preparing  or 
prescribing  the  same,  and  that  there  be  written  or  printed  on 
such  label  and  on  the  outside  wrapper  of  the  package  the 
wcrd  "Poison"  in  plain  letters  in  red  ink,  and  also  that  the 
name  and  address  of  the  sender  shall  appear  on  the  outside 
wrapper  of  the  package;  provided  further  that  no  prepara- 
tion of  cocaine,  its  salts  or  derivatives,  or  any  preparations 
containing  any  of  them  or  any  preparation  of  coca  leaves, 
shall  be  admitted  to  the  mail;  provided  further,  that  no 
preparation  containing  more  than  one  of  the  foUoiving  sub- 
stances in  the  amount  stated,  viz.,  two  grains  of  opium  or  its 
equivalent  of  an  opium  preparation,  one-fourth  of  a  grain  of 
morphine,  one-fourth  of  a  grain  of  heroin,  one  grain  of 
codeine,  or  any  salt  or  derivative  of  any  of  them  in  one  fluid 
ounce,  or,  if  solid  or  semi-solid  preparation,  in.  one  avoirdu- 
pois ounce,  shall  be  admitted  to  the  mails. 

The  Drug  Trade  Section  objected  to  that  part  of  the 
amendment  printed  above  in  italics  upon  various  groimds, 
chief  and  most  important  of  which  was  the  fact  that  the 
Harrison  bill  would  make  it  unnecessary.  At  the  date  of 
writing,  September  25,  the  amendment  had  not  been  promul- 
gated— despite  a  contrary  report  which  appeared  in  the 
September  issue  of  a  Sacramento  publication. 


Insurance  Act  and  the  English  Drug  Market 
In  view  of  the  large  increase  in  the  amount  of  drugs  con- 
sumed as  a  result  of  the  insurance  doctors  prescribing  on  a 
lavish  scale,  it  is  not  surprising  that  the  manufacturers  of 
galenicals  and  the  jobbers  are  doing  an  increased  business. 
There  is  also  a  steadier  tone  in  the  drug  markets,  but  as 
London  is  more  or  less  the  drug  market  of  the  world  the 
increased  demand  for  drugs  for  home  consumption  is  not  the 
important  factor  it  would  be  otherwise.  On  the  other  hand, 
manufacturers  of  special  preparations  are  placed  at  a  dis- 
advantage by  the  Insurance  Act  since  the  prescribing  of  special 
products  is  discouraged  by  the  Insurance  committees.  The 
manufacturers  in  question  naturally  resent  this,  claiming  that 
insured  persons  should  have  the  benefit  of  the  best  medicines 
available  as  promised  by  Lloyd  George,  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer, 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


491 


FATEMTS  AMD  TIRADE  MAE! 


OOBK  EXTRACTOR 

Frank  Janouch,  Lincoln,  Neb.,  has  devised  a  cork  extractor 
which  comprises  a  casing  consisting  of  side  portions  securing 
devices  connecting  the  side  portions  together,  U-shaped  mem- 
bers slidably  mounted  in  the  casing  and  having  heads  in  the 
path  of  movement  of  which  the  securing  devices  are  located. 


1,110,265. 


1,107,774. 


and  poll. ..a  cairicd   by   the   U-nicii.i,^._.      ^..^   .^.vite   is  shown 
in  the  above  illustration    (Patent  No.   1,110,265). 


CORKSCREW. 


i,iia,2io. 


A    corkscrew    presenting    some   novel    features    is    the    recent 

invention  of  John  H. 
Kissinger,  Spokane, 
Wash.  (Patent  No. 
^1,110,210).  As  shown 
in  the  accompanying 
illustration,  it  com- 
prises spaced  parallel 
members  forming  a 
lever,  each  of  the 
members  being  curved 
upwardly  adjacent  one 
end  and  having  a  por- 
tion extending  outwardly  therefrom,  the  forwardly  extended 
portion  having  longitudinally  disposed  slots,  the  upper  wall  of 
the  slots  bjing  formed  with  alined  recesses  opening  in  a  down- 
ward direction,  an  arm  adjustable  in  said  slots  and  adapted 
for  interchangeable  engagement  with  the  recesses,  the  arm 
forming  a  fulcrum  for  the  lever,  and  a  corkscrew  pivoted  be- 
tween the  members  rearwardly  of  the  arm  described.  The 
fulcrum  arm  is  pivotally  mounted  between  the  bifurcated  ends 
of  the  sheet  metal  lever  and  adapted  to  be  swung  upwardly 
and  over  between  the  bifurcated  end  portions  to  folded  posi- 
tion. Suitable  means  are  provided  for  retaining  the  device  in 
folded   position. 


FUNNEL 


The  funnel  above  shown  (Patent  No.  1,101,774),  the  in- 
vention of  John  H.  Frederick,  Casper,  Wyoming,  includes  a 
spout,   a   substantially   U-shaped   wire   having   its   ends   fasten- 

■1^  Copy  of  Patent  or  Trade-Mark  15c.  Trade-Marks  & 
Labels  Registered.  Advice  under  F.&  D.  Acts.  Send  for  Book. 
G.  H.  DAVIS,  918   F  St.,  N.W.,   Washington,   D.C.    (Adv.) 


ed  to  the  spout,  a  float  slidable  on  the  wire,  the  connecting 
portions  of  the  wire  acting  as  a  support  for  the  float,  which  is 
secured  to  a  rod  extending  upwardly,  the  rod  having  a  notch 
formed  therein  near  the  top,  a  cross  bar  having  an  opening 
through  which  the  rod  extends,  and  means  carried  by  the 
bar  adapted  to  engage  and  maintain  the  rod  against  an  edge 
of  the  bar  at  the  opening  and  to  force  the  rod  into  position 
with  the  notch  in  engagement  with  the  bar.  The  bar  is  held 
in  engagement  with  the  rod  by  means  of  a  spring,  while  a 
tubular  member  disposed  within  the  funnel  extends  from  the 
top  to  the  bottom  thereof  to  form  an  air  passageway,  as  and 
for  the  purpose  set  forth. 

FUNTSTEL. 


Henry  M.  Case,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  has  devised  the  self- 
closing  funnel  described  herewith 
(Patent  No.  1,110,670),  which  com- 
prises a  cylindrical  nipple  having  at 
its  top  an  annular  flange  formed 
with  a  cone-shaped  valve  seat,  a 
funnel  body  attached  to  said  flange, 
a  movable  spout  having  a  tapered 
lower  end  to  seat  in  the  neck  of  a 
bottle  and  a  cylindrical  upper  end 
to  receive  and  slide  on  said  nippb; 
a  cross  bar  fixed  in  the  intermediate 
portion  of  the  spout  and  having  a 
centrally  arranged  screw  threaded 
opening,   a  cone-shaped  valve  to  en- 

JaB      .  gage    said    seat    and    formed    on    its 

|l  bottom    with    a    cylindrical    stem    of 

\\  less    diameter    than    the    nipple,    the 

"  ■"'  ""  lower      end      having     a      cylindrical 

socket,  a  plug  having  a  shouldered 
enlargement  between  its  ends  and  a 
lower  externally  threaded  end  to  screw  into  the  opening  in 
the  cross  bar,  the  upper  end  of  the  plug  being  formed  with  a 
longitudinally  extending  slot  and  being  cylindrical  and  of  less 
size  than  the  socket  in  the  valve  stem  into  which  the  latter 
projects,  and  a  pin  passed  transversely  through  the  lower  end 
of  the  stem. 


1.130.GTO. 


PATENTS 


Granted  Augnist   18,   1914 

1,107,280 — Joseph     F.     Fouyer,     Marseille,     France.      Antiseptic    case 

for    tooth    brushes. 
1,107,384— Joseph    L.    Van    Rensselaer,    New    York,    N.    Y.      Non-re- 

fillable    bottle. 
1,107,5C9— Geo.    A.    Foster,    Chicago,   III.     Liquid   package. 
1,107,522 — William    H.    Inman,    Keokuk,    Iowa.      Bottle    cap. 
1.107.774— John    H.    Frederick,    Casper,    Wyo.      Funnel. 
1,107,790— Thomas   H.   Holroyd,   Southfields,    England.     Non-refillable 

bottle. 
1,108,012— Judge   N.    Shows    and   Clyde   B.   Tucker,    Ponchatoula,    La. 

Non-refillable   bottle. 
1.108.G91 — Max   Berger  and    Rudolph  Weisbach,   San  Francisco.;   said 

Weisbach    assignor    to    said    Berger.      Non-refillable    bottle. 
1,108.099 — John    L.    Sellar,    assignor    of    two- thirds    to   Henry    Castel- 

berg,     Baltimore.    Md.       Non-refillable    bottle. 

Granted  August  25,    1914 

1,108,129— Alfred  Burger,  New  Brighton,  N.  Y.  Process  for  the 
production   of   boric    acid. 

1,108.360— Gustaf    W.    Gustafson,    Seattle,   Wash.      Bottle   closure. 

1,108,583 — Junius  R.  Johnson,  Charles  S.  Hamilton,  and  Richard 
t).  Van  Duyne,  East  Highlands,  Cal.  Label  pasting  and 
marking  machine. 

1,108.676 — Bruno  Beckmann,  Berlin,  Germany.  Process  of  manu- 
facturing   the    carbamic     acid    ester    of    dichlorhydrin. 

1,108,752 — Hugo  Henke!  and  Walter  Weber,  assignors  to  Henkel  & 
Co.,    Dusseldorf.    Germany.      Manufacture    of    hydrogen    peroxide. 

Granted  September  1,  1914 

1,108,876 — Joaquin  Alemany,  assignor  to  Havana  Commercial  Co., 
Habana,    Cuba.      Delivery   mechanism   for   labeling   machines. 

1,098.959— Geo.  A.  Williams,  assignor  to  The  Williams  Sealing 
Corporation,    Waterbury,   Conn.     Bottle   cap. 

1,108,996— Frederick  G.  Kollenberg,  assignor  of  one-half  to  William 
E,    Danhauer,   Owensboro,    Ky.     Bottle   cap.. 


492 


TIIK    PirAiniACKrTTrAL  '  KRA 


[October,  1IM4 


/■//Of  2.7 


//of.r/t 


/.//ff,i/S- 


/./07.7fo     /.isto7i      /.//c./,s^        ///0.037     /./of,s. 


1.1W.072— John    Kozmousky,    Boston,    Mass.      Pill    i..jecior. 
1.IC9.075— Otto    Lange,    Chicago,    111.      Bottle    filling    and    capping 

machine. 
l,I09.+tS— Anton    Messerschmitt,    Stolberg.    Germany.      Manufacture 

of  hydrogen. 
1,1C9.5~0— Albert    P.    Fulmer   and    Frank    M.    N'ebinger,    Wilmington, 

Del.      Bottle    closure. 
1,109,571— CK)ttfried    Gaertner,    Xewark,    X.    J.      Fly.paper   holder. 

Granted  September  8,  1914 

1.109,791— Alois  Schaidhaul,  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany,  as- 
signor to  Roessler  &  Hasslacher  Chemical  Co.,  New  York, 
N.  Y.  Stable  hydrogen  peroxide  and  method  of  making  the 
same. 

1,110,037— Richard  C.  Bradshaw  and  Thomas  A.  Garvey,  St.  Louis, 
Mo.     Xon-refillable   bottle. 

1,110,038— Thomas  W.  Bums,  LaCrosse,  Wis.  Label  holder  and 
return    label. 

1,110,115— Herman  C.  Degner,  Los  Angeies.  Cal.  Xon-refillable 
bottle. 

1,110.133 — Frederick  Grover,  assignor  to  The  Forgrove  Machinery 
Co.,    Ltd.,    Leeds,    England.      Tablet    wrapping    machine. 

1,110,210— John   H.    Kissinger,   Spokane,   Wash.     Corkscrew. 

1,110,256 — Edmund  Dalgleish,  Lakewood,  Ohio,  assignor  to  The 
Chase  Machine  Co.,  Cleveland.  Ohio.  Bottle  handling  ap- 
paratus. 

1,110,265 — Frank   Janouch,    Lincoln,    Xeb.      Cork    extractor. 

1,110,289 — Heinrich  von  Hochstetter,  Constance,  Germany,  assignor 
to  Perth  Amboy  Chemical  Works,  Xew  York.  X.  Y.  Process 
of    making    formaldehyde. 

Granted  September  15,  1914 

1,110,406 — Edward    Schreck,    Columbus.    Ohio.      Tooth    brush. 

1,110,-181— Emil  CoUett,  assignor  to  Xorsk  Hydro-Elektrisk  Kvael- 
stofaktieselskab,  Christiania,  Xorway.  Process  of  obtaining  ni- 
trates   and    nitrites    from    nitrate-nitrite    mixtures. 

1,110,615 — Otto  Eick,  Baltimore,  Md.  Apparatus  for  cleansing 
bottles. 

1,110.670 — Henry    M.    Case,    Syracuse,    X.    Y.      Funnel. 

1,110,6&2 — Benjamin    Gooch,    Scio,    Ore.      Dispensing    can. 

1,110,712 — ^John  B.  Phelps,  Birmingham,  Ala.  Xursing  bottle 
support. 

1,110,720 — Joseph    R.    Schultz.    St.    Louis,    Mo.      Bottle   cap   remover. 

1,110,819— Thomas  W.  Pritchard,  Wilmington,  X.  C.  Process  of 
producing    pure    turpentine. 

1,110,850— Milton  C.  Whilaker,  Xew  York,  X.  Y.  Process  of  dis- 
tillation. 

1.110-,886— Charles  A.  Cauda,  Elizabeth,  X.  J.  Telltale  for  bottles 
and    the    like. 

1,110,927 — John  R.  Gruetter,  assignor  to  The  Loew  Manufacturing 
Co.,    Cleveland,    Ohio.      Bottle    cleaning    apparatus. 


71. 

At    Saskatoon,    Can,,    Central    drug    store:    little    damage. 

At  Canisteo,  X.  Y.,  E.  C.  Barker's  drug  and  book  store  struck 
by    lightning;    damage,    about    $2,000. 

At  Bluffs,  111.,  Francis  Curtis'  drug  store  stock  destroyed  by 
fire    originating    from    a    gasoline    stove    explosion. 

At  Sandusky,  Mich.,  H.  H.  Hoffman's  drug  store  damaged  $500 
by    fire    and    water;    crossed    electric    wires    caused    fire. 

At  Hartford,    Ct.,    Goldfield    Brothers'    drug    store;    slight    loss. 

At  Trumann,    Ark.,    Campbell    Drug    Co.;    building    destroyed. 

At  Asherville,     Ind.,    Henry     Payne;    store    destroyed. 


Elixir  of  Iron,   Quinine  and  Strychnine 
.•\  contributor  submits  the   following  formula  to  the  Bulletin 
of  Pharmacy  with  the  comment  that  if  instructions  are  followed 
to  the  letter,  the  result  will   give  a   beautiful  dark   olive-green 
color,   and  in  addition  an  absolutely  permanent  preparation : 

Soluble    ferric    phosphate 4  ounces 

Quinine    phosphate    1  ounce 

Strychnine  phosphate 16  graii.s 

Potassium  citrate    J^  ounce 

Compound  spirit  of  orange 1   dram 

-Mcohol    2  pints 

Syrup    4  pints 

Water,  enough  to  make 1  gallon 

Dissolve  the  iron  phosphate  in  about  a  pint  of  hot  water, 
and  to  cool,  add  the  remainder  of  the  water.  To  this  solution 
add  the  syrup.  Xe.xt  dissolve  the  quinine  phosphate  and 
strychnine  phosphate  in  alcohol,  adding  the  compound  spirit 
of  orange.  Mi.\  the  two  solutions,  add  the  potassium  citrate, 
and  shake.  .\dd  J/2  ounce  of  kaolin  and  filter  through  well- 
wetted  paper. 


BECENT   FIRES 

At    Bicknell,    Ind.,    Shurlzer   drug    store;    building   destroyed. 

At  Montreal,  Que.,  Xational  Drug  and  Chemical  Co.;  t\,-o 
stories    of    building    gutted;    loss    roughly    estimated    at   $5,0CO. 

At    Bedford,    la..    Owl     pharmacy;    badly    damaged. 

At  Fernie,  B.  C,  A.  \V.  Bleasdall's  drug  store;  stock  and 
building    damaged    to    extent    of    $10,000,    covered    by    insurance. 

At    Dongola.    111.,    J.    A.    Dillow,    drug    store    destroyed. 

At  Baltimore,  Md.,  Read  Drug  and  Chemical  Co.,  Howard  and 
Lexington    streets;    loss   estimated   at    $12,000;    five    firemen    injured. 

At    Hoopeston,    111.,    Lester's    drug    store;    $',000   damage. 


Ointment  of  Marshmallow^ 

Venice  turpentine   1  ounce 

Fenugreek  seed   V/i  ounces 

Linseed     1 J4  ounces 

Marshmallow   root    3  ounces 

Rosin   3  oimces 

Yellow  wax   6  ounces 

Distilled   water    12  ounces 

Olive  oil   24  ounces 

Boil  the  seeds  and  root  with  the  water  for  half  an  hour 
over  a  slow  fire;  then  add  the  oil,  and  continue  the  boiling 
until  all  the  water  has  evaporated,  and  the  oil  alone  is  left  with 
the  residual  herbs.  Strain  the  oil,  and  in  it  dissolve  the  wax, 
rosin  and  turpentine  by  the  aid  of  gentle  heat.    Stir  until  cold. 

Members  of  the  Winnebago  County  (Wis.)  R.  D.  .\.  met 
recently  to  compare  invoice  prices.  .\t  the  time  of  meeting, 
they  had  no  accurate  means  of  ascertaining  proper  prices  on 
drugs. 


October.  191-11 


THE    PHAR:\rACErTICAL    ERA 


■\'j:i 


SETTLING  OF  PRICES  ON  NEW  LEVELS. 


Scarcity  of  Supplies  in  Some  Quarters  Causes  Further 
Advances — Financial    Situation    Affects   Trading 


See  pages  27  to  41   for  Prices  Current. 
Ch.\nges  Sixce  Last  Report. 

A — Acetanilide     lb.  .36 

A — .Acetphenetidine    lb.  1.25 

A — .\cid,   Benzoic,   Eng.  True oz.  .18 

German     lb.  1.20 

A — Acid,    Carbolic.    Crystals,    Bulk lb.  .60 

Crude.    10-95   per  cent.... gal.  .35 

A — .\cid,    Chrysophanic    oz.  .33  • 

A — Acid,     Citric,    Crystals lb.  .85 

A— .\cid,  Gallic.  '4,  'A,  and  1  lb  cartons.. lb.  1.10 

A — .\cid.    O.xalic lb.  .30 

Powdered       lb.  .38 

A— .\cid,   Pyrogallic,   'A,   '/'  and   1-lb.  cans. lb.  3.30 

1-oz.    vials    oz.  .25 

A — .\cid.     Salicylic.     1-lb.    cartons lb.  1.45 

Bulk        lb.  1.35 

From    Gaultlieria     oz.  .40 

A — .\cid.    Tartaric.    Crystal lb.  .75 

Powdered     lb.  .77 

A — .Aconite   Root.    German lb.  .30 

A — .\conitine.    .Amorphous.    !^-oz.    vial....ea. 
Xitrate.   .Amorphous,    15-gr.  vial....ea. 

Crystals.    15-gr.   vial ea. 

J. — Adeps    Lanae.     .Anhydrous lb.  .65 

Hydrous       lb.  .85 

-A — .Agaricin        oz.  2.20 

A— .Alkanet    Root    lb.  .38 

A — .Aluminum    .Acetate    lb.  .70 

Sulphate,     Commercial     lb.  .10 

Crystals     lb.  .40 

Puri  ied        16.  .20 

A — .Ammonium    Bromide     lb.  .75 

A — .Ammonium  Hypophosphite  (oz..l8-.22)  lb. 

D — .Ammonium    Iodide lb.  4.40 

A — .Ammonium    Molybdate     oz.  .35 

A — .Ammonium    Muriate     lb.  .19. 

C.    P.    Gran     lb.  .26 

Powdered       lb.  .25 

A — .Ammonium    Salicylate     lb.  .80 

A — .Anise    Seed,    Star lb.  .33 

A — .Apomorphine  iluriate.  -Amph.,  '/^-oz.  v.  ea. 

Crystal    J-^-oz.   viaL.ea.  2.35 

A — .Atropine,    '/^-oz.    vial oz.  15.00 

Sulphate,    5^-oz.   vial oz.  14.00 

A — Barium   Dio.xide.    .Anhvdrous    lb.  .30 

C.   P lb. 

A — Belladonna    Leaves.    German lb.  2.90 

Root.    German    lb.  1.25 

Powdered     lb.  1 .33 

A — Benzoin,   Sumatra    lb.  .60 

Powdered     lb.  .65 

A — Bismuth    Citrate  and   .Ammonia lb.  3.45 

Salicylate,    65    per    cent lb.  3.00 

40    per    cent lb.  2.75 

Sub-henzoate     lb.  3.30 


.44 

1.50 

.20 

1.40 

.65 

1.15 

.40 

1.33 

1.50 

.45 

.44 

3.60 

.30 

1.50 

1.40 

.50 

1.00 

1.02 

.35 

2.40 

1.00 

1.00 

.70 

.90 

2.30 

.45 

.80 

.12 

.50 

.25 

.80 

1.85 

4.30 

.40 

.22 

.30 

.28 

.90 

.36 

2.25 

2.45 

24.00 

23.00 

.44 

1.00 

3.25 

1.40 

1.45 

.70 

.75 

3.60 

3.45 

3.00 

3.60 


DAILY    PRICE    CHANGES 

The  European  war  has  thrown  the  Drug  and  Chemical 
Market  into  the  utmost  confusion  and  wise  Druggists  are 
keeping  posted  on  Daily  changes  by  reading  the  Drug  and 
Chemical  Department  of  the  New  York  Commercial.  It  tells 
you  definitely  Daily  just  what  changes  occur  and  forecasts 
probable  future  fluctuations.  A  trial  subscription  will  con- 
vince you  of  its  value.  Price  three  months  $2.00,  one 
year  $600. 
NEW   YORK  COMMERCIAL,  20  Vesey  Street,   New  York. 

P.S. — We   quote   daily    first-hand   prices. 


.A — Bismuth    Subcarbonate     !b.  3.10 

.A— Subgallate       lb.  2.70 

Subiodide    (oz    .40-.45 ) lb. 

Subnitrate     lb.  2.75 

Tannate    oz.  .27 

A'alerate       oz.  .34 

.A— Blue  Mass   (Blue  Pit!) lb.  .75 

Powdered     lb.  .80 

.A— Buchu    Leaves,    Long lb.  1.80 

Powdered     lb.  1.90 

Short      lb.  1.95 

Powdered       lb.  2.05 

.A — Buckthorn   Bark    lb.  .35 

-A — Caffeine,    Pure    lb.  6.75 

.A — Calcium    Chloride.    Fused    ib.  .55 

-A — Calcium   Chloride,    Fused Ib.  .55 

.A — Calcium  Hypophosphite    Ib.  .95 

A — Calendula    Flowers    lb.  1 .25 

.A — Calendula    Flowers    Ib.  1 .25 

^-Ib.    squares    Ib.  .78 

Powdered       lb.  1.20 

Japanese,    ozs Ib.  1.20 

A — Canary    Seed,    Smyrna Ib.  .15 

A— Cantharides,    Russian,    Sifted lb.  9.00 

Powdered       Ib.  9.25 

D— Celery  Seed    lb.  .37 

.A — Chamomile   Flowers,   Belgian  &  Himg  lb.  .45 

A— Chicle    lb.  .70 

A— Chloral  Hydrate    lb.  .85 

A— Chloroform     lb.  .32 

A — Cocaine  Hydrochloride,   Cryst.   1-oz  v. ..oz.  5.50 

5i-oz.   vials    oz.  5.70 

.A— Codeine       oz.  7.50 

Phosphate        oz.  7.00 

Sulphate      oz.  7.25 

.A — Co'.chicum   Root    lb.  .25 

Seed lb.  1.00 

.A — Coumarin       oz.  .75 

.A— Cream   Tartar    lb.  -70 

.A — Creosote.    Beechwood     lb.  1.00 

A— Croton-Chloral    (Butylchloral)    oz.  .40 

.A — Dandelion    Root    lb.  .58 

Cut     lb.  .64 

.A— Dextrine       'b.  .15 

.A— Digitalin,   J^-oz.   vials    oz.  .13 

15-gr.    vials    ea.  .73 

.A— Dog  Grass,   Cut '. lb.  -40 

A— Dover's   Powder    lb.  2.25 

A— Dragon's   Blood,    Powdered    lb..  .65 

Reeds     lb.  1.10 

.A— Elaterium       o^.  .75 

.A — Euquinine    °^- 

A_Flaxseed.    Cleaned    bbl.  8.50 

D— Formaldehvde        'b.  .15 

.A— Gamboge,    Blocky lb.  1-00 

Powdered       lb.  11:' 

A— Gentian  Root    'b.  .23 

Powdered       lb.  .28 

.A— Glycerin        It"-  -30 

15-gr.  vial   doz.  2.80 

A— Gold  and  Sodium  Chloride,  U.  S.  P. 

.A— Guaiacol,     liquid     lb.  2.90 

Carbonate    (lb.    5.20) oz.  .33 

Salicylate    (Guaiacol   salol)...oz.  1.65 

D— Guarana    (Paullinia)     lb.  3.00 

Powdered     lb.  3.25 

A— Hemp   seed    j^-  JO 

.A— Henbane   Leaves,   German lb.  .40 

Powdered     lb.  -46 


3.50 
2.95 
5.70 
2.95 
.30 
.40 
.80 
.85 
1.90 
2.00 
2.05 
2.15 
.40 
7.00 
.60 
.60 
1.05 
1.50 
1.50 
1.13 
1.30 
1.40 
.17 
9.25 
9.50 
.40 
.50 
.75 
.90 
.55 
5.75 
6.00 
8.00 
7.50 
7.50 
.30 
1.10 
.80 
.75 
1.50 
.50 
.65 
.70 
.20 
.50 
.80 
.45 
2.50 
.70 
1.25 
1.00 
2.80 
9.00 
.38 
1.10 
1.25 
.26 
.31 
.40 
3.40 

3.75 

.40 

1.70 

3.25 

3.50 

.12 

.45 

.50 


494 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[October,  1914 


A — Homatropin,    Alkaloid    gr.  .40  —  .45 

Hydrobromide    gr.  .35  —  .40 

Hydrochloride    gr.  .40  —  .45 

Salicylate  and  Sulphate. .  .gr.  .45  —  .50 

A — Hydrochinon    oz.  .50  —  .55 

A — Hydrogen  Peroxide,  Medicinal lb.  .20  —  .25 

A — Hyoscine  Hydrobromide,   1   gr.  v gr.  .34  —  .44 

A — Hyoscyamine,    .\niorphous,    15   gr.   v....ea.  5.50  —  9.50 

Crystal,   white    gr.  .75  —  1.30 

Hydrobromide   gr.  .40  —  .80 

A— Ichthyol    lb.  6.00  —  6.50 

A — Insect    Powder    lb.  .25  —  .60 

Pure    Uncord    Dalmatian lb.  .45  —  .70 

D— Iodine,   Resublimed   lb.  4.15  —  4.25 

D— Iodoform,    cryst.    &    powd lb.  4.60  —  4.75 

A — Ipecac,    Root,    Carthagena lb.  2.20  —  2.30 

Rio     lb.  2,60  —  2.75 

A— Iron  and   Quinine   Citrate   U.S. P.  scales  lb.  2.30  —  2.50 

A — Iron   Hypophosphite    lb.  1.65  —  1.75 

A — Iron   Phosphate,    gran.    1-lb.   bots lb.  .75  —  .80 

U.S.P.   Scales    lb.  .85  —  .90 

A — Isinglass,   Russian lb.  5.00  —  5.25 

A — Juniper    Berries    lb.  .25  —  .30 

A— Kino     lb.  .60  —  .65 

A — Lanolin    lb.  .65  —  .70 

.'\nhydrous     lb.  .85  —  .90 

A — Leeches,    Swedish    ea.  .12  —  .15 

A — Licorice,    Corig     lb.  .37  —  .42 

Mass     lb.  .36  —  .39 

Powdered     lb.  .44  —  .50 

A— Lithium    Bromide     lb.  3.15  —  3.25 

Carbonate    lb.  1.65  —  1.75 

Citrate    lb.  2.75  —  2.85 

Glycerophosphate     oz.  .35  • —  .40 

Salicylate     lb.  2.00  —  2.10 

A— Manna,    Flake,    Large lb.  1.00  —  1.10 

A— Matico   Leaves    lb.  1.10  —  1.20 

D— Menthol     lb.  4.25  —  4.50 

A— Mercury    lb.  1.15  —  1.30 

.\mmoniated   (white  precip.) .  .lb.  1.25  —  1.35 

Bichloride    (Cor.    sub.) lb.  .94  —  1.05 

Powdered     lb.  .91  —  1 .00 

Bisulphate    lb.  .75  —  .85 

Chloride,    Mild    (Calomel) ...  .lb.  1.00  —  1.10 

Iodide,    Green    (Proto) lb.  3.00  —  3.15 

Red    (Biniodide)     lb.  3.25  —  3.40 

Nitrate   Solution    oz.  —  .30 

0.\ide,  Red   (Red  Precip.) lb,  1.20  —  1.30 

A— Musk   Root    lb.  .65  —  .70 

A— Oil   Birch.    Black    (Betula) lb.  1,75  —  2.00 

A— Oil    Camphor    lb.  .24  —  .30 

A— Oil    Caraway    lb,  2,00  —  2,25 

D — Oil  Cod  Liver,  Norwegian,  per  bbl...ea.  24.00  —  26,00 

>/2  bbl...ea.  13.00  —  14.00 

D — Oil  Copaiba,    pure    lb.  1.25  —  1.40 

A— Oil  Cubeb     lb.  3.65  —  3,85 

A— Oil  Fennel,     pure     lb,  2.40  —  2.60 

A — Oil  Haarlem,    Dutch     gross  4.00  —  4.50 

A— Oil  Lavender    Flowers    lb.  4,75  —  5.00 

]  —Oil  Lemon     lb.  2.85  —  3.00 

D— Oil  Lemongrass    lb,  2.00  —  2.25 

A— Oil  Mustard,    Artificial    lb.  3.75  —  4.50 

A— Oil  Nutmeg     lb.  1.10  —  1,25 

D— Oil  Orange,     Sweet     lb.  3,25  —  3.50 

A— Oil  Pennyroyal     lb.  2.25  —  2.50 

D— Oil  Peppermint,    New    York    lb.  2,40  —  2.60 

Hotchkiss     lb.  4,00  —  4!.25 

D— Oil  Pimenta     lb,  2,25  —  2,75 

A— Oil  Rose,    Kissanlik    oz.  14,00  —15,00 

A— Oil  Sandalwood,   English    lb.  6,00  —  6,25 

A— Oil  Spearmint     lb,  2.40  —  2.60 

A— Oil  Sassafras     lb.  .75  —  .85 

A— Oil  Thyme,    Red    lb.  2,00  —  2,25 

White     lb.  2,40  —  2,60 

A— Oil  Wine,    Ethereal,    Light    lb,  4,25  —  4,50 

Hea\'y,    True,    from  grapes,  lb.  6,00  —  6.25 

A— Oil  Wintergreen,    Synthetic    lb.  1,25  —  1,35 

D— Oil  Wormseed,     Baltimore     lb.  1.80  —  2,00 


D — Oil  Wormwood,   American,   Good   ....lb.  4,25  — 

A— Opium,    Natural     lb.  11.00  — 

Granulated    lb.  12.50  — 

U.   S.   P.   Powdered    lb.  12.40  — 

A — Pilocarpine,   Alkaloid,  pure   gr.  .13  — 

Hydrobromide    gr.  .10  — 

Hydrochloride     gr.  .06  — 

Nitrate    gr.  .75  — 

A— Pleurisy    Root     lb.  .40  — 

A — Potassa,     Caustic,     Com lb.  .18  — 

White    Sticks     lb,  .40  — 

A — Potassium    Bitartrate,    Ref.    (Cream 

Tartar)     lb.  .70  — 

Bromide     lb.  .90  — 

Carbonate    (Pearl   Ash)    ..lb.  .18  — 

C.P lb.  .50  — 

Refined    (Sal   Tar- 
tar)      lb  .45  — 

Hypophosphite     lb  1.10  — 

Iodide     lb.  3.60  — 

"              Permanganate    lb.  .75  — 

Sulphate,   C.P lb.  .36  — 

Tartrate   (Soluble  Tartar),  lb.  .65  — 

..-Quince    Seed     lb.  1.25  — 

A— Rape    Seed,    German     lb.  .09  — 

A — Resorcin    lb.  2,25  — 

A— Rochelle     Salt     lb,  ,26  — 

i\~  -     .bidium    Iodide     lb,  2,25  — 

A — Saffron,   Spanish,   True   Valencia lb.  16,00  — 

A— Salicin     lb,  5,75  — 

A     Salol     lb,  1,65  — 

A — Sandarac,    Gum    lb.  .35  — 

A — Santonine     oz,  4.00  — 

D — Sarsaparilla,    Mexican,    Cut    lb,  .38  — 

A — Scopolamine  Hydrobromide,  15-gr,  vial,  ea.  2.25  — 

Hydrochloride,   5-gr.  vial,   ea.  — 

A — Seidlitz  Mixture   lb.  .23  — 

A — Soap    Castile,    Green    box  — ■ 

White,  Conti's   box  8,00  — 

A— Soap   Tree   Bark,    Whole    lb,  ,25  — 

A — Sodium    Benzoate     lb.  1,75  — 

From  True  Benzoic  Acid lb.  4,00  — 

A — Sodium    Bromide    lb,  .80  — 

A — Sodium  Hypophosphite    lb,  1,05  — 

A — Sodium    Salicylate    lb,  1,10  — 

A — Strontium   Bromide    lb,  .80  — • 

A— Strontium    Salicylate    lb,  ,90  — 

A— Sulphomethane,    U.S.P lb.  6.15  — 

A— Sulphomethylmethane,    U,S,P lb,  7,75  — 

A — Terpin   Hydrate,    1-lb.   cartons lb.  .50  — 

A— Thymol     lb,  15,00  — 

Iodide,     U,S,P lb,  7,50  — 

A — Tragacanth,    Aleppo,    extra    lb.  3,00  — 

A — Turpentine,     \'enice     lb,  .50  — 

A — Vanillin     oz.  ,56  — 

A— Wax,    Bay    lb,  .40  — 

Bees     lb.  .45  — 

Carnauba,    No.    1     lb.  .65  — ■ 

Japan     lb.  ,25  — 

A — -Wormseed,  Levant   lb,  .70  — 

.  — Zinc    Acetate     lb.  .30  ^ 

Bromide     oz.  .12 

Chloride,    Fused    lb,  ,40  — 

Granulated    lb,  ,38  — 

Metallic,    C.P lb.  .45  — 

Oxide,  American   lb.  .14  — 

Permanganate     oz.  .45  — 

Sulphate,    Crystals    lb.  .06^— 

C.P lb.  .17  — 

Dried    lb.  ,25  — 

NOTE — A,    advanced;    D,    declined;    C,    correction;  N, 


s.oo 

13.00 

14.50 

14.40 
.20 
.15 
.08 
.80 
.45 
.28 
.45 

.75 

1.00- 

.22- 

.55 

.50' 

1.25 

3.85 

.90 

.40- 

.75 

1.40> 

.10 

2.50' 

.30 

3.50' 

18.00 

6.25 

1.75 

.40- 

4.25 

.40- 

5.40 

1.65 

.27 

6.50 

8.20' 

.30' 

1.85 

4.25 

.85 

1.15 

1.25 

1.10' 

1.00 

7.25 

8.50 

.65 

15.50 

8.50' 

3.15 

.60' 

.65 

.45 

.50 

.70 

.30' 

.75 

.45 

.18- 

.60' 

.42- 

.60- 

.18 

.60 

.09 

.24 

.35 


NEW  YORK,  Sept,  23— A  careful  study  of  the  market  con- 
ditions   shows    a    general    tendency    towards    a    settling 
of  prices  on  the  new  levels  raised  by  the  inauguration 
of    the    European    war,    and    while    many    of    the    drugs    and 


October,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


495 


chemicals  enumerated  above  show  great  advances  in  price, 
the  atmosphere  is  clearer  and  the  markets  are  steadier 
in  tone,  having  lost  that  "explosive  tendency"  so  strongly 
•in  evidence  a  fortnight  ago.  The  drug  trade  is  now  beginning 
to  know  something  of  what  it  may  expect,  and  consequently, 
is  somewhat  prepared  for  the  shortages  and  wants  that  in 
some  cases  are  likely  to  develop.  Of  course,  even  at  the 
present  time,  there  are  some  commodities  for  which  no  re- 
liable quotations  can  be  obtained,  or  if  given  they  are  nominal 
only,  but  in  the  majority  of  instances  all  quotations  are  more 
or  less  firm  with  no  indication  that  former  levels  will  be 
reached  in  a  long  time  to  come.  The  financial  situation  also 
has  an  important  bearing  upon  trading,  especially  in  the 
matter  of  foreign  exchange,  and  until  the  channels  are  cleared 
in  this  direction,  the  drug  trade  in  common  with  other  com- 
mercial enterprizes  is  bound  to  feel  the  effects  of  this  lack 
of  financial   articulation. 

A  revision  of  the  quotations  shows  a  preponderance  of  ad- 
vances, the  declines  reported  being  emphasized  by  their  few- 
ness in  number.  Among  the  items  showing  a  recession  in 
prices  are  celery  seed,  formaldehyde,  guarana,  iodine,  menthol, 
cod  liver  oil,  oils  of  lemon,  lemongrass,  sweet  orange,  pepper- 
mint, pimenta,  wormseed  and  American  wormwood.  Among 
the  most  striking  advances  are  atropine  and  its  salts,  bella- 
■donna,  bismuth  salts,  camphor,  and  the  various  botanicals, 
synthetic  drugs  and  fine  chemicals  supplied  or  controlled  by 
the  nations  now  at  war. 

Opium — Quotations  are  higher,  $11@$13  per  pound  be- 
ing asked  for  natural,  $12.50@$14.50  for  granulated,  and  $12.40 
<g$14.40  for  U.  S.  P.  powdered.  Stocks  of  opium  now  in 
the  United  States  are  conceded  to  be  very  low  and  there  are 
small  prospects  of  moving  any  from  Turkey,  the  country  of 
production.  It  is  said  that  a  large  part  of  this  year's  crop 
is  being  held  in  the  Turkish  capital  on  order  of  the  Govern- 
ment. It  is  also  reported  that  the  several  stocks  bought  by 
American  purchasers  before  the  war  and  now  held  under  em- 
bargo in  London  will  soon  be  released  and  be  permitted  to  pro- 
ceed to  the  United  States.  The  quantity  of  opium  imported 
during  the  twelve  months  ending  June  of  the  present  year 
was  455,200  pounds,  valued  at  $1,810,429,  as  compared  with 
508,433  pounds,  valued  at  $2,565,965  for  the  previous  year. 

Quinine — Is  firm  at  the  recent  advance  of  31c  per  ounce 
in  100-ounce  tins,  with  proportionate  advances  for  smaller 
packages.  Stocks  of  cinchona  bark  in  this  country  are  be- 
coming depleted  and  manufacturers  manifest  firmer  views  with 
the  outlook  and  the  possibility  of  being  unable  to  obtain  further 
supplies   in  quantity. 

Camphor — Is  in  strong  position,  with  jobbers  quoting  75t@ 
$1.10  per  pound  for  refined,  and  7Sc@1.13  per  pound  for  ^-Ib. 
squares.  For  Japanese  in  ounces  $1.20@$1.40  is  asked.  Do- 
mestic refiners  are  reported  to  be  short  of  crude  material,  but 
recent  arrivals  have  eased  the  situation  somewhat.  New  crop 
supplies  from  Japan  are  expected  to  be  available  some  time 
next  month. 

Mercurials — Quicksilver  is  in  strong  demand  and  jobbers 
are  quoting  $1.15@$1.35  per  pound.  The  various  mer- 
curial salts  have  also  advanced  and  are  now  quoted  as  fol- 
lows; Ammoniated,  $1.25@$1.35  per  pound;  bichloride  (cor- 
rosive sublimate),  94c@$1.05,  powdered,  91c@$1.10;  bisul- 
phite, 75c@85c;  mild  chloride(  calomel),  $1@$1.10;;  green 
iodide  (proto.),  $3@$3.1S;  red  iodide  (biniodide),  $3.25@ 
$3.40;  nitrate  solution,  30c  per  ounce;  red  oxide  (red  precipi- 
tate), $1.20@$1.30  per  pound. 

Menthol — A  brighter  outlook  for  continued  shipments  from 
Japan  has  not  been  without  effect  on  quotations,  which  are  con- 
siderably low^er,  jobbers  asking  $4.2S@$4.50  per  pound.  The 
situation  has  also  been  eased  by  a  lessening  in  demand. 

Potash — The  shortage  of  potash  continues,  there  being  prac- 
tically none  shipped  from  Germany,  the  principal  country  ■  f 
production.  Caustic  is  obtainable  in  ordinary  retail  drug- 
gists' quantities  at  18@28c  per  pound,  40@50c  being  asked 
for  white  sticks.  All  potassium  salts  have  been  correspondingly 
advanced  and  are  quoted  as  follows:  Bitartrate  (cream  tartan, 
70@75c  per  pound;  bromide,  90c@$1.00;  carbonate  (pearl 
ash),  18@22c;  carbonate,  C.P.,  50@55c;  refined  (sal  tar- 
tar),   45@50c;    hypophosphite,    $1.10@$1.25;    iodide,    $3.60@ 


$3.85;  permanganate,  75@90c;  sulphate,  C.P.,  36@40c;  tar- 
trate  (soluble  tartar),  65@75c  per  pound. 

Salicin — Scarcity  of  supplies  has  caused  this  article  to  ad- 
vance, $5.75@$6.25  per  pound  being  asked. 

Carbolic  Acid — The  shutting  off  of  all  exports  from  Great 
Britain,  this  article  being  contraband  of  war,  and  a  scarcity 
of  stocks  here,  have  brought  a  further  advance  in  prices,  jobbers 
now  quoting  60@6Sc  per  pound  for  crystal  in  bulk,  and  35c(g 
$1.15   per  gallon   for  crude. 

Benzoic  Acid — Practically  all  shipments  of  acid  from  abroad 
have  ceased  since  the  beginning  of  the  war,  and  prices  have  ad- 
vanced considerably.  English,  true,  is  quoted  at  18@20c  per 
ounce,  while  $1.20@$1.40  per  pound  is  asked  for  German. 
For  similar  reasons,  sodium  benzoate  is  also  scarce  and 
higher,  $1.75@$1.85  per  pound  being  the  ruling  price;  sodium 
benzoate  from  true  benzoic  acid  is  quoted  at  $4.00(g$4.2S 
per  pound. 

Sai,ic\xic  Acid— The  scarcity  of  carbolic  acid  from  which 
this  article  is  derived  is  not  without  effect  on  prices,  and  quo- 
tations are  largely  nominal,  $1.35@$1.40  per  pound  b-mg 
asked  for  bulk  and  $1.45@$1.50  for  >4,  yi,  and  1-lb.  car- 
tons. Salicylic  acid  from  gaultheria  is  quoted  at  40(ai50c 
per   ounce. 

Licorice — Scarcity  of  Corigliano  has  caused  a  strong  ad- 
vance in  prices,  with  jobbers'  quotations  ranging  from  37@ 
42c  per  pound  for  whole,  44@50c  for  powdered.  Licorice 
mass  is  obtainable  at  36@39c. 

Citric  Acid — Recent  arrivals  of  stock  have  caused  second 
hands  to  slightly  lower  their  quotations  within  the  last  week, 
but  the  article  is  still  scarce  and  holders  are  disposed  to  con- 
serve supplies.  Jobbers  quote  85c@$1.33  per  pound.  Do- 
mestic manufacturers  are  offering  their  output  only  spar- 
ingly to  regular  customers  at  about  the  former  contract 
price,   refusing  to  sell   to   other   consumers. 

Essential  Oils — Most  of  the  standard  brands  of  Messina 
essences  show  a  decline  in  quotations,  the  following  prices  be- 
ing asked:  Lemon,  $2.85@$3  per  pound;  sweet  orange,  $3.25 
@$3.50.  Declines  noted  on  other  oils  are :  Lemongrass,  $2@ 
$2.25;  peppermint.  New  York,  $2.40@$2.60;  pimenta,  $2.25@ 
$2.75;  Baltimore  wormseed,  $1.80@$2;  American  wormwood, 
$4.2S@$5.  A  growing  scarcity  for  both  natural  and  artificial 
oils  of  mustard  is  reported,  and  jobbers  have  advanced  their 
prices  for  the  latter  to  $3.75@$4.S0  per  pound. 

Belladonna — Cable  advices  from  London  report  a  note- 
worthy scarcity  of  this  root  and  prices  have  been  marked 
up  to  $1.25@$1.40  per  pound  for  German;  powdered,  $1.35@ 
$1.45;  for  German  leaves  $2.90@$3.25  is  asked.  The  alka- 
loid atropine  has  been  correspondingly  advanced  and  is  now 
quoted  at  $15@$24  per  ounce  in  eighths;  sulphate,  $14@$23 
p  r  ounce,   according  to  brand  and  maker. 

Bluing'  for   Gun   Barrels 

For  bluing  gun  barrels  by  staining  dissolve  separately  4^ 
ounces  sodium  hyposulphite  in  1  quart  of  water,  and  54  ounce 
lead  acetate  in  1  quart  of  water.  Mix  the  two  solutions  and 
bring  to  a  boil  in  a  porcelain  dish  or  stone  pot.  Clean  the 
barrel  free  from  grease,  oil,  or  varnish,  warm  the  barrel  and 
smear  wath  the  hot  solution,  using  a  piece  of  sponge  tied  to 
a  stick.  When  color  develops  wash  and  wipe  dry,  and  finish 
with   boiled   linseed   oil. 

Another  formula  used  for  bluing  steel  and  which  inay 
answer  the  purpose,  calls  for  a  mixture  of  antimony  trichloride, 
25  parts;  fuming  nitric  acid,  25  parts,  and  hydrochloric  acid, 
50  parts.  Apply  with  a  rag  and  with  a  piece  of  green  oak 
rub  until  the  desired  color  is  obtained. 

Flour   Paste 

Alum,   in  powder 1  dram 

Rosin     30  grains 

Cloves    30  grains 

Flour   a  sufficiency 

Boiling  water    a  sufficiency 

Dissolve  the  alum  in  a  quart  of  water;  when  cold,  stir  in  as 
much  flour  as  will  make  a  thick  paste,  avoiding  any  lumps; 
then  stir  in  the  rosin  and  cloves.  Pour  the  mixture  into  a 
saucepan  on  the  fire  containing  about  8  ounces  of  boiling  water, 
and  stir  constantly.  When  it  is  thick,  pour  it  into  a  jar  and 
allow  it  to  cool.    This  will  keep  for  12  months 


40  h 


TIIK    PlIAHMArKlTiCAL    ERA 


[October,  1!)14 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  is  a  systematic  home-studv  course, 
designed  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
macy, and  intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  58  Lec- 
tures: it  can  be  completed  in  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  the 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete   Prospectus  can   be   had   by  addressing 

Director   Er,\    Course   rx    Pharmacy, 

c^o  D.  O.  HAYNES  &  CO.. 

Xo.   3    Tark   Place,   New    York. 


BEFORE    ENTERING    COLLEGE 


THE   value  of  the   Era  Cot.t«se  in  Pharmacy   to  a   young 
man  who  is   intending  to   enter  a   college  of  pharmacy 
is  well   illustrated   in   letters  we  have   recently   received 
from   two  graduates.     Before  taking  up 
the   detailed  studies  of  the   college  cur- 
^^^^^  riculum.  a  course  of  tr-iining  which  can 

^^H|^^  give  a   broad  survey  of  the  whole   field 

^  ^  to   be   covered   is   of   the   greatest    bene- 

B^^  a  fit.    both    to    introduce    the    prospective 

^1^1  ^L  f  college   student    to   the   branches   of   the 

^H^^        »  pharmaceutical     knowledge     which     he 

^^^B^      V  will  later  pursue,  and  also  to  allow  him 

^^H&  to   ascertain   which   subjects   will   prob- 

^  ^P^^  ably  be  most  difficult  to  him. 

^^k  ^^^  .\ugust     Passiglia,     of     BrookK-n,     X. 

^^^^^^    ^^^B      V.    having   made    up   his   mind   to    be- 
^^^^^^^  ^m     come   a   pharmacist,    began   his   appren- 
ticeship   in    the    usual    way,    so    as    to 
have     some     pharmaceutical     e.xperience 
before    going    to    college.       But    as    a 
preparation    for    the    e.\tended    work    to 
come,  he  also  felt  the  need  of  a  guide  in  his  drug  store  work, 
and    accordingly    enrolled    as    an    Er.\    Coi-rse    student.      He 
writes  as  follows: 

"After  I  graduated  from  public  school  in  February,  1912, 
I  secured  a  position  in  a  drug  store,  with  the  intention  of 
studying  pharmacy.  In  January,  1913,  I  was  registered  as  an 
apprentice.  By  that  time  I  had,  of  course,  gained  a  little 
knowledge  of  the  work,  but  decided  to  enroll  in  the  Er.\ 
Coi-RSE,  which  I  did  a  few  months  later,  in  April,  1913. 
The  Course  has  been  of  great  benefit  to  me.  I  am  now 
going  to  prepare  myself  to  enter  a  college  of  pharmacy,  and 
will  enroll  in  the  fall  of  1915.  My  ambition  is  to  become  a 
pharmacist,    and   to  specialize   myself   in   one   of   its   branches. 

"I  advise  any  young  man  who  has  the  intention  of  becomng 
a  pharmacist  to  take  up  the  Era  Course  before  beginning  his 
college  course,  as  I  am  sure  he  will  make  more  rapid  ad- 
vancement  later  on." 


A.   J.   Passiglia 


.\nother  graduate  in  a   State  where  the  college  pre-requisite 
b  in  force,  writes  as  follows: 

"The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  has  helped  me  exceedingly. 
The  Lectures  have  given  me  a  clearer  insight  into  the  phar- 
maceutical branches,  which  I  had  pursued  before,  but  unsyste- 
matically,  and  I  feel  sure  that  the  Course  will  make  my  ap- 
proaching college  work  less  difficult.  Yours  very  truly, 
"Richard  K.  Latshaw,   Swissvale,  Pa." 


Matriculation    Graduates  to  Sept.  24,   1914.      Graduating 
Number.  Average. 

7837 — .August  J.  Passiglia.   Brooklyn,   X.   Y 95 

7858 — Forrest  C.  \'alentine.   Ft.  Wayne,  Ind 97 

7937— Wm.    Thoenes,    St.    Louis,    Mo 93 

7953 — George   C.    Bast,    Tampa,    Fla 93 

8143 — W.    Curtis    Stacy,    Paris,    Tenn 90 

8168 — Morris    Citrenbaum,    Bahimore,    Md 92 

8246 — W.    \'.    Watson,    Lexington,    Tenn 94 

8333 — Emil    J.    Hanggi,    Little    Rock,    .\rk 92 

8341— Bley    C.    Grant,    Worden,    111 91 


Infants'  or  Baby  Foods 
.\  very  aood  idea  of  the  whole  subject  of  in'ants'  and  in- 
valids' footis  may  be  obtained  by  consulting  Wiley's  "Foods 
and  their  .Xdulleration."  2nd  edition  (1911),  pages  498  to 
i^^Z  inclusive,  where  reports  of  analyses  of  most  of  the  foods 
on  the  market  are  also  given.  Information  is  also  given  in 
the  following  abstract,  taken  from  Thompson's  "Practical 
Dietetics. ' 

Prepared  farinaceous  foods  are  made  by  the  following 
methods:  1.  .\pplication  of  heat  alone.  2.  Digestion  with 
malt  or  diastase  combined  with  heat.  3.  .■\ftcr  dextrinization, 
the  food  is  evaporated  with  milk  or  cream.  The  prepared 
farinaceous  foods  may  be  eaten  alone  or  diluted  with  water, 
but  they  are  usually  given  to  invalids  in  a  cup  of  broth  or 
beef  tea,  which  disguises  their  sweetness.  The  sweeter  vari- 
eties are  best  combined   witli  milk. 

1.  Farinaceous  Foods  Prepared  by  Heat  .\lone. — Wheat 
and  oats  are  sometimes  prepared  by  roasting  (not  steaming), 
a  process  which  removes  all  moisture  besides  producing  some 
chemical  changes  in  the  fats  and  starches.  Cerea's  treated 
in  this  manner  will  keep  from  moulding  in  any  climate,  and 
arc  both  digestible  and  nutritious.  Flour  ball.  Ridge's  Food, 
Blair's  Wheat  Food,  Schumacher's  Food,  Imperial  Granum 
and  Robinson's  Patent  Barley  are  examples  of  this  class. 
Starr  gives  the  following  rule  for  the  maKmg  of  flour  ball: 
Tie  one  pound  of  unbolted  wheat  flour  firmly  in  a  pudding 
bag  and  boil  for  ten  hours.  At  the  end  of  this  time  it  will 
be  foupfl,  on  ooening  the  bag,  that  the  outer  layer  of  the  ball 
is  doughy,  while  the  interior  is  hard  and  dry,  it  having  been 
baked  by  the  long-continued  heat.  This  hard  mass  may  be 
used  for  infant  feeding  in  the  latter  part  of  the  first  year, 
but  it  should  not  be  given  more  than  twice  a  day.  The  flour 
ball  is  grated  fine,  and  it  may  then  be  prepared  according 
to  Starr's  rule,  as  follows:  "Rub  one  teaspoonful  of  the 
powder  with  a  teaspoonful  of  milk  into  a  smooth  paste,  then 
add  a  second  tablespoonful  of  milk,  constantly  rubbing  until 
a  cream-like  mixture  is  obtained.  Pour  this  into  8  ounces 
of  hot  milk,  stirring  well,  and  it  is  then  ready  for  use." 
The  flour  ball  thus  prepared  is  quite  digestible,  and  it  pre- 
vents the  formation  of  large  curds  of  milk.  .\s  a  diluent  of 
milk  it  is  much  cheaper  for  the  poor  man  than  the  prepared 
amylaceous   foods   which  are   on  sa'e. 

2.  Farinaceous  Foods  Digested  with  Malt  or  Diastase  with 
Heat  are  often  called  "Liebig's  Foods  "  These  foods  are  made 
of  equal  quantities  of  wheat  flour  and  barley  malt,  with  bran, 
and  1  per  cent  of  bicarbonate  of  potassium.  These  ingredients 
are  mixed  into  a  paste  with  water  and  digested  for  several 
hours  at  fixed  temperatures,  until  the  starch  is  transformed 
into  solub'e  carbohydrates,  maltose  and  de.xtrin.  The  food 
is  strained,  pressed  and  extracted  with  warm  water,  evapo- 
rated, dried  and  pulverized,  when  it  is  ready  for  use.  Exam- 
ples of  Liebig's  type  of  dextrinized  foods  arc:  Mellin's  Food, 
Horlick's   Food  and  Savory  and  Moore's  Infant   Food. 

3.  Foods  which  are  Dextrinized  and  then  Evaporated  with 
Milk  or  Cream. — These  are  sometimes  called  "milk  foods." 
Such  are  Lactated  Food,  Malted  Milk,  Loeflund's  Cream 
Emulsion,  X'estles  Food,  and  Gerber's  Food.  The  general 
process  by  which  foods  of  this  class  are  made  is  as  follows: 
Wheaten  or  other  flour  is  first  made  into  dough,  baked, 
ground,  mixed  with  more  or  less  condensed  milk  or  cream, 
and  then  dried  at  a  moderate  temperature.  By  addition  of 
malt  or  diastase  the  starch  is  partially  converted  into  dextrin 
and  maltose,  and  the  albuminoids  are  rendered  slightly  more 
soluble,  the  casein  is  dried,  and  the  lact-albumin  is  precipi- 
tated. One  form  of  "cereal  milk"  is  made  from  a  mixture 
of  wheat  and  barley  meal  with  milk.  It  is  claimed  for  some 
of  the  malted  foods  prepared  for  infant  and  invalid  use  that 
the  artificial  digestion  is  not  wholly  completed,  and  this  is 
said  to  be  an  advantage  in  stimulating  the  digestive  organs. 

4.  Bread  Jelly. — .\  bread  jelly  may  be  made  to  add  to 
milk  for  invalids  and  for  use  while  weaning  infants  who  are 
old  enough  to  digest  a  little  starch,  i.  e.,  over  one  year  of  age. 
The  crumb  of  stale  bread  is  broken  into  small  fragments  and 
covered  with  boiling  water,  in  which  it  is  allowed  to  soak 
until  well  macerated.  The  water  is  then  strained  off,  fresh 
water  is  added,  and  the  mass  is  boiled  until  quite  soft.  On 
cooling,  a  jelly  forms  which  may  be  mixed  with  milk  in  any 
desired    proportion. 


AN   ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBLICATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE 


Vol.  XLVU 


New  York,  Novkjiber,  1914 


No.  11 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era. 

rUBLISHED   ON  THE   FIRST  OF   EACH  MONTH. 

D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 
No.  3  Park  Place,  New  Yoek 

Telephone,  7646  Barclay.  Cable  Address,  "Era,  New  York." 

SUBSCRIPTION    RATES: 
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the    Philippines    and    Mexico $1.00  a  year 

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To    Foreign   Countries    in    Postal    Union 2.00  a  year 

The  Er.\  Price  List  with  Subscription,  50c.  a  Copy. 
PRICES   INCLUDE   POSTAGE   AND   PAYABLE    IN   ADVANCE. 
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If  you  send   local  check. 

Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas- 
BTcr,  D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N.  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  OfBcers  is  No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

Entered  at  the  New  York  Post-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1Q14,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    All  rights  reserved. 

Title  Registered  in  the  United  States  Patent  Office. 

Table  of  Contents. 


LABELING   OF   MEDICINES 


READING  SECTION. 

Editorml    and    Pharmaceutical Pages  497-516 

Editorials    497-500 

Bool<s   Reviewed    500 

Manufacture    of    Biological    Products,    F.    E.    Stew- 
art,   M.    D , 501-503 

Board   of  Pharmacy   Examinations,   H.   C.   Christen- 

sen    503-505 

Utilize  Your  Surplus  of  Crude  Drugs,  E.  F.  Heffner  505 

New   York  Ordinance  Conflicts  w-ith  State  Law ....  506 

Legal    Decisions    507 

Selected    Formulas    508 

Foreign    Abstracts    509-510 

Question    Box     511-512 

Jottings   from   Great   Britain 513 

New    Remedies    514 

Women    in   Pharmacy 515-516 

News    Section    Pages  517-530 

Mostly    Personal     517-519 

Obituaries     520-521 

News    from    the    Associations 522-527 

Schools   and    Colleges 528-529 

Board   E.\aminations    530 

Trade   Section    Pages  531-544 

Goldenseal  as  Side   Crops  for  Ginseng  Growers....  531 

From    the    Business    Field 533-534 

Patents    and    Trademarks 539-  S 10 

Market   Reports    541-543 

Era    Course    in    Pharmacy 544 


Druggists  and  particularly  manufacturers  will 
be  interested  in  the  suggestions  recently  issued  by 
the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  relative  to  the  labeling 
of  medicines,  and  the  claims  of  therapeutic  effects, 
character  of  testimonials,  etc.,  that  may  be  made 
a  part  of  the  literature  accompanying  medicinal 
preparations.  An  outline  of  these  suggestions  ap- 
pears elsewhere  in  this  issue  of  the  Era,  the  most 
important  point  in  their  consideration  being  the 
stress  laid  upon  the  necessity  of  telling  the  truth; 
in  other  words,  every  claim  made  for  any  medicinal 
preparation  must  be  in  harmony  with  facts,  and 
the  medicine  in  the  light  of  its  composition  must 
be  actually  capable  of  fulfilling  the  promises  made 
for  it.  The  status  of  the  "testimonial,"  too, 
comes  in  for  attention,  and  the  contention  is  made 
that  even  though  it  be  genuine  and  honestly  repre- 
sents the  opinion  of  the  person  writing  it  does  not 
justify  its  use  if  it  creates  a  misleading  impression 
with  regard  to  the  results  which  the  medicine  will 
produce. 

These  principles  represent  the  advanced  lines  of 
a  new  dispensation  in  food  and  drug  regulation, 
and  the  responsibility  is  placed  directly  upon  the 
manufacturer;  there  mast  be  no  unwarranted 
claims,  the  principle  enimciated  being  that  the 
product  of  low  grade  must  be  sold  for  what  it  is, 
and  that  it  cannot  pass  under  the  colors  of  a 
higher  grade  to  the  deception  of  the  buyer  and  un- 
fairness to  the  competitor.  The  halcyon  days 
when  the  imagination  and  superlatives  of  the  pat- 
ent medicine  "word  artist'  were  allowed  ^  full 
swing  are  to  be  no  more,  and  henceforth  the  "cen- 
sor" will  take  his  place  alongside  the  chemist  in 
the  effort  to  determine  the  responsibility  of  the 
manufacturer  in  regard  to  the  preparations  he 
may  exploit. 

The  strict  enforcement  of  the  Foods  and  Drug 
Act  since  the  passage  of  the  Sherley  amendment 
has  done  much  to  eliminate  the  tendency  of  manu- 
facturers to  make  unwarranted  claims  and  has 
struck  a  severe  blow  at  the  vaimted  claims  of  the 
"shot  gun  proprietary"  and  the  "cure  all";  and 
while  the  line  of  demarcation  between  "war- 
ranted" and  "unwarranted"  claims  may  not  be  so 
easily  deteiTained — there  are  many  honest_  differ- 
ences of  opinion — yet  there  can  be  no  question  but 
that    the    banishment    of    the    "fake"    and    thr. 


498 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November.  1914 


"fakir"  will  greatly  teud  to  tlie  development  of 
hJETher  business  ideals  on  tlie  part  of  the  pro- 
l>rietary  niedioine  mamifaeturer. 


CONTROL  OF  DISINFECTANTS  NEEDED 


OxE  of  the  principal  gaps  in  laws  wliieh  relate  to 
the  purity  or  strength  of  eonunodities  entering  only 
into  intrastate  trade,  and  henee  not  imder  the  juris- 
diction of  the  National  interstate  commerce  regula- 
tions, is  in  the  field  of  disinfectants.  It  appears 
that  only  one  State— Maryland— hiis  a  law  whicli 
requires  a  statement  of  the  carbolic  acid  coefficient 
of  disinfectants  on  the  label.  In  any  other  State, 
solutions  and  compoimds  which  are  devoid  of 
strength  may  be  sold,  if  manufactured  in  that 
State.  Fortunately,  we  possess  in  the  R ideal- 
Walker  test  a  method  for  determining  with  fair 
accuracy  the  eflBcacy  of  any  given  substance  in 
terms  of  pure  carbolic  acid.  The  test  is  official 
with  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture  and  in 
the  British  Empire,  and  has  thus  the  weight  of 
authority  behind  it. 

The  importance  of  having  at  hand  disinfectants 
which  can  be  relied  upon  ia  epidemics  or  in  private 
cases  does  not  need  to  be  pointed  out.  The  only 
way  to  prevent  typhoid  fever,  for  instance,  from 
spreading  from  a  single  case  to  each  member  of  a 
family  lies  in  careful  and  thorough  disinfection.  It 
is  therefore  gratifying  to  know  that  at  the  next 
session  of  the  New  York  State  Legislature,  a  bill 
will  be  introduced  requiring  all  manufacturers  of 
ilisinfeetants  to  show  the  carbolic  acid  strength  of 
their  products  on  the  labels.  Such  a  bill,  if  prop- 
erly drawn,  should  meet  with  no  opposition  from 
anyone  who  has  the  public  welfare  at  heart,  and 
■*ven  private  interest  should  prompt  support  of  it, 
as  no  one  knows  when  he  may  be  made  the  imwit- 
TJng  victim  of  a  fake  genn-killer  on  which  he  has 
implicitly  relied  to  protect  himself  and  family. 


THE  PRESENT  MARKET  OUTLOOK 


Fully  three  months  have  elapsed  since  the  be- 
ginning of  the  European  war  and  the  drug  trade 
has  become  somewhat  accustomed  to  the  conditions 
resulting  therefrom,  conditions  which  have  brought 
about  scarcity  of  supplies,  advanced  prices  and  all 
of  the  disturbances  in.iected  by  the  nunoi-s  incident 
to  a  world  contest.  The  rank  and  file  have  viewed 
the  situation  philosophically  and  in  the  spirit  of 
■'come  what  will,  we  are  to  meet  it."  Some 
no  doubt  have  been  bard  pressed  at  times  and  have 
suffered  financial  losses,  but  they  were  buoyed  up 
by  the  hope  that  with  the  cessation  of  hostilities 
there  would  come  better  days,  and  that  in  the  re- 
juvenation of  trade  and  commerce  they  would  have 
a  share. 

A  careful  study  of  market  conditions  throughout 
the  eountrj-  and  particularly  here  in  the  ^letrop- 
olis.  tends  to  show  that  the  initial  blow  has  some- 
what lost  its  force,  and  that  there  is  already  a 
realinement  of  prices  on  new  but  higher  levels.  In 
fact,  the  explosive  disturbances  of  the  fii-st  few- 
weeks  of  the  war  have  practically  cea.sed  and  all 
tendencies  in  this  direction  are  quite  foreign  to  the 
present  status  of  the  market.     Viewed  in  its  en- 


tirety, this  steadiness  augurs  well  for  the  future. 
A  comparison  of  the  advances  and  declines  in  quo- 
tations in  the  prices  of  drugs  and  chemicals  printed 
in  our  market  report  in  this  issue  of  the  Er.\,  shows 
a  preponderance  in  favor  of  lower  levels  on  many 
articles,  as  also,  that  but  few  of  the  products  ;ul- 
vanecd  liave  reached  their  present  figures  as  a  re- 
sult of  speculative  manipulation.  The  financial  sit- 
uation ha.s  and  will  continue  to  exert  an  important 
iH'aring  upon  trading,  and  tlie  dnig  trade  in  com- 
mon with  all  otlier  commercial  enterprises  will  have 
to  meet  the  conditions  imposed.  But  however  con- 
sidered, and  with  whatever  may  come  to  change  the 
present  outlook,  wo  believe  that  the  worst  is  over 
so  far  as  speculation  and  boom  in  quotations  are 
concerned.  The  sentiment  of  the  leading  men  in 
the  trade,  the  demand  to  meet  present  requirements 
only,  and  the  satisfactorv-  reasons  for  prevailing 
quotations,  all  tend  to  confirm  this  belief.  The 
pharmacist  has  nothing  to  fear  if  he  uses  judgment 
in  making  purchases  and  keeps  pace  with  revised 
quotations. 


FIRST  BLOOD  FOR  THE  DRUGGISTS 


As  told  elsewhere  in  this  issue,  the  New  York 
City  Board  of  Health's  amendment  to  Section  182 
of  the  Sanitary  Code,  prohibiting  the  sale  of  any 
medicines  containing  narcotics  except  upon  pre- 
scription, has  been  declared  by  the  Attorney  General 
to  be  contrarv'  to  a  specific  provision  of  the  Boylan 
law,  and  of  no  effect.  The  druggists  of  this  city 
w-ere  preparing  to  make  a  stiff  legal  fight  along 
this  veiw  line,  when  the  decision  of  the  Attorney 
General  rendered  a  test  case  imneeessarj-.  As  was 
remarked  by  a  prominent  member  of  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  this  occasion  should  be 
remembered  as  the  first  time  that  a  band  of  drug- 
gists in  New  York  City  got  together  and  hired  a 
lawj'er  to  fight  for  what  they  considered  to  be  their 
rights. 

"What  steps  the  Health  Board  will  next  take  in 
their  campaign  is  problematical.  Among  the  meas- 
ures to  be  considered  is  one  prohibiting  the  sale  of 
patent  medicines  in  New  York  City.  (Queiy :  "Will 
such  an  ordinance  carrj^  a  clause  prohibiting  the 
prescribing  of  patent  medieiues  in  the  same  terri- 
tory?) Another  move  which  is  ujider  discussion  is 
the  recodification  of  the  whole  Sanitary  Code.  One 
tiling  may  be  depended  on.  So  many  measures  en- 
acted by  the  City  Board  of  Health  have  been  tin- 
popular  that  it  is  extremelj-  doubtful  whether  any 
additional  powers  will  be  conferred  on  that  body 
by  the  State  Legislatui-e.  New  regulations  must  be 
built  on  the  foundation  of  the  powers  already  in 
their  possession  and  under  the  restriction  of  the 
existing  State  laws. 

But  we  would  like  to  raise  the  question  whether 
the  Board  is  empowered  to  connive  at  infractions 
of  its  own  ordinances.  It  has  been  stated  more  than 
once,  on  the  best  authority,  that  after  the  Board 
had  passed  a  regulation  requiring  that  all  drugs 
and  medicines  sold  under  U.  S.  P.  or  N.  F.  labels 
should  be  of  full  strength,  members  of  the  drug- 
gists' advisory  delegation  were  told  informally 
after  the  conference  that  the  breaking  of  this  ordi- 


Xo\t:mber,,  191-i] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


499 


iianee  in  connection  with  sales  of  family  remedies 
containing  narcotics  would  be  winked  at.  To  be 
sure,  those  familiar  with  the  Pharmacy  Law  of  this 
State  realize  that  such  an  ordinance  is  a  work  of 
supererogation,  being  fully  covered  b.y  Paragraphs 
1  and  2  of  Section  237  and  Paragraph  10  of  Section 
240.  The  Board  should  study  the  existing  laws  be- 
fore making  any  new  ones.  But  by  just  so  much 
more  is  it  impossible  to  excuse  any  member  of  the 
Board  for  having  suggested  a  vicious  compromise, 
by  which  it  was  hoped  to  have  druggists  obey  the 
anti-narcotic  ordinance. 

The  end  of  the  fight  is  not  yet.  Until  the  Board 
abandons  its  apparently  unfriendly  attitude,  drug- 
gists here  must  be  prepared  to  resist,  by  all  legiti- 
mate means,  any  attempt  to  invade  their  rights. 
Let  those  faint-hearted  druggists  who  doubted  the 
propriety  of  preparing  for  a  test  case  take  fresh 
courage  from  the  precedent  which  has  been  set,  and 
let  the  old  warriors  gird  up  their  loins  for  other 
<-onflicts,  always  bearing  in  mind  the  fact  that 
future  ones  mav  not  be  as  easily  won  as  the  first. 


DRUG  JOURNAL  PATRIOTISM 


One  of  the  inconsistencies  of  war  is,  that  al- 
though nationalism  may  be  pushed  to  any  extreme 
in  the  effort  to  maim  or  destroy  a  human  being,  yet, 
when  once  a  foe  has  been  woimded.  he  becomes  an 
object  of  non-national  care.  The  flag  of  the  Red 
Cross  in  every  land  is  white.  In  all  mattere  re- 
lating to  the  relief  of  human  suffering,  true  patri- 
otism consists  in  lending  a  hand,  without  inquiring 
the  nationality  of  the  sufferers.  It  was  therefore 
with  utter  astonishment  that  we  found,  after  a 
page  of  abstracts  of  papere  read  at  a  pharmaceu- 
tical meeting  in  another  eoimtrj-,  the  following 
footnote  in  one  of  our  contemporaries,  published  in 
a  far  land  now  at  war:  "The  above  reports  were 
edited  and  in  type  before  the  outbreak  of  the 
present  war.  Only  for  this  reason  are  they  printed 
here."  Many  of  the  papers  presented  were  ex- 
tremely valuable  to  all  pharmacists;  yet,  because 
the  two  nations  are  at  war,  a  reason  is  supposed 
to  exist  why  the  pharmacists  in  one  coiuitry  should 
be  deprived  of  the  benefits  of  re.search  in  another! 
Since  the  appearance  of  the  abstracts  referred  to, 
we  have  not  seen  any  papers  admitted  to  the  col- 
umns of  this  di-ug  journal  which  came  from 

or sources,  the  only  ones  deemed  worthy  of 


notice  being  those  published  in 


[Proper 


names  have  been  deleted  by  the  censor.] 

Quite  a  dift'erent  spirit  do  we  find  in  the  journ- 
als of  the  hated  nation,  whose  contributions  to  the 
simi  of  human  loiowledge  were  utilized  only  be- 
'■ause  rejecting  them  would  have  caused  a  little 
ixtra  labor  in  the  editorial  offices  and  composing 
room.  (Oh  noble  patriotism,  which  perishes  when 
confronted  with  the  prospect  of  preparing  a  few 
thousand  words  of  "copy"!)  One  of  the  leading 
pharmaceutical  publications  of  this  country  speaks 
of  the  scientific  affection  felt  for  the  great  labora- 
tories of  the imiversities  and  technical  schools. 

"How  many  will  remain  intact  in  three  months' 

time?    The  names  of  the  great •  chemists  surge 

into  our  minds,  and  we  wonder  if  they  are  fight- 


ing   ,  or  if,  like  those  old  scientists  of  Na- 
poleonic days,  they  are  still  carrying  on  some  re- 
searches.    We  wonder  when  we  shall  next  see  a 

' '   or   an   ' '    [names   of   journals   deleted 

by  censor].     We  remember  those   happy  days  of 

peace  when [name  of  prominent  — ^ —  chemist 

deleted  by  censor]  came  over  from to  tell  us 

of  his  work  on  and  ,  and  of  his  high 

praise  for  those who  had  so  ably  assisted  him. 

When  shall  we  have  him  here  again?" 

Superficial  indeed  must  be  the  civilization  of  a 
nation  which  believes  in  carrying  war  into  its  en- 
emy's intellectual  domains,  and  in  throwing  ob- 
stacles in  the  way  of  the  spread  of  knowledge  which 
is  intended  to  benefit  all  mankind  in  our  efforts  to 
relieve  pain  and  disease.  Art,  opera,  literature, 
and  architecture — each  must  be  home-brewed  to  be 
respectable  in  Europe  at  present ;  but  in  the  name 
of  humanity,  let  no  attempt  be  made  under  a  gloss 
of  patriotism  to  cut  off  any  worker  in  the  field  of 
medical  or  pharmaceutical  science  from  any  in- 
formation available. 


UTILIZING  YOUR  SURPLUS  STOCK 


The  extent  to  wliich  the  pharmacist  should  en- 
deavor to  manufacture  his  o\\'n  galenicals  has  been 
a  much  discussed  question  in  the  journals  and  at 
meetings  during  the  last  twenty  years  or  more,  the 
evidence  going  to  show,  however,  that  many  of  the 
products  formerly  made  in  the  laboratory  of  the 
drug  store  were  now  fabricated  on  a  large  scale, 
and  usually  in  the  most  economic  manner,  by  the 
large  pharmaceutical  house.  A  recurrence  of  this 
question  is  brought  up  in  the  suggestion  amplified 
by  E.  F.  Heffner  in  his  paper  printed  on  another 
page  of  this  issue  of  the  Eea,  that  druggists  should 
convert  the  accumulated,  slowly-moving  stocks  of 
crude  drugs  in  their  back  rooms  into  fluidextracts, 
thus  turning  them  into  a  form  that  can  be  intelli- 
gently utilized  to  meet  present  day  requirements. 

The  suggestion  is  a  good  one,  and  the  scarcity  of 
many  crude  drugs  makes  the  effort  to  do  this  com- 
mercially practicable.  Mr.  Heffner  enumerates  a 
number  of  drugs  he  has  worked  up  in  this  way,  and 
the  figures  he  presents  show  that  he  has  made 
money  by  the  operation.  Under  ordinary  circum- 
stances one  would  be  compelled  to  carry  this  stock 
for  years,  but  here  is  an  opportunity  for  turning  it 
into  money  by  the  application  of  one's  training  as 
a  pharmacist.  There  are  but  few  stores  in  the 
country  where  stocks  of  this  character  have  not 
been  allowed  to  accumulate,  and  these  should  be 
utilized.  With  a  scarcity  of  crude  drugs  and  war 
prices  it  would  savor  of  commercial  suicide  not  to 
take  advantage  of  an  opportimity  to  realize  on  an 
investment  already  acquired. 

THE  "MADE  IN  AMERICA"  SLOGAN 


In-  the  unsettled  conditions  of  the  present  time 
there  is  a  tendency  on  the  part  of  some  to  play  to 
the  imagination  and  feelings  of  those  who  are  apt 
to  be  influenced  by  any  special  argument  that  falls 
under  the  eye.  rather  than  by  an  imderstanding  of 
their  o^\ti  based  upon  competent  and  trustworthy 
information.     In  this  category  of  phenomena  we 


500 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November,  1914 


would  place  the  perverted  use  of  the  slogan  "  JIade 
in  America."  AVe  believe  in  arousing  national 
sentiment  and  all  tliat  tlie  love  of  country  implies, 
but  we  also  believe  that  expressions  embodying  our 
highest  ideals  and  conceptions  of  patriotism  and 
liberty  should  never  be  used  to  subvert  the  prin- 
ciples of  true  freedom  or  business  ethics.  Con- 
elusions  based  on  anj'  other  i-ule  of  action  are  un- 
wari'anted  and  wide  of  the  mark.  As  a  great 
statesman  has  said,  "patriotism  must  be  founded 
upon  great  principles  and  supported  by  great  doc- 
trines." 

'■^lade  in  America"  is  a  mellifluous  collocation 
of  words  that  appeal  to  the  imagination  of  the  av- 
erage citizen,  but  when  dissociated  from  the  patri- 
otism the}'  are  supposed  to  embody  and  diverted  to 
other  uses,  the  phrase  sounds  like  hollow  mockery. 
As  a  rallying  crj'  simply  to  further  pei"sonal 
schemes  or  financial  advantage,  its  use  wounds  our 
sensibilities  and  shocks  the  most  cherished  aspira- 
tions of  American  citizenship.  As  a  subterfuge  to 
allow  a  wider  scope  for  the  practice  of  substitution 
the  use  of  this  phrase  is  unpardonable.  And  it  is 
the  rankest  kind  of  patriotism  that  will  permit 
the  pharmacist  under  the  guise  of  helping  the 
American  workman  to  put  forth  an  inferior 
product  for  any  medicinal  preparation,  even 
though  it  be  of  foreign  manufacture.  Such  decep- 
tion is  reprehensible  and  indicative  of  moral  in- 
competency. 


are  on  the  way.  Unquestionably  hydrogenated  or  hardened 
oil  has  taken  its  place  in  the  oil  market  as  a  staple  product." 
As  a  work  of  reference,  this  book  should  belong  to  every 
manufacturer  and  dealer  in  oils  and  also  find  a  place  in  the 
library  of  the  pharmacist. 


Books  Reviewed 


THE  HYDROGENATIONS  OF  OILS.  Catalyzers  and  catalysis 
and  the  generation  of  hydrogen.  By  Carleton  Ellis,  S.B.,  mem- 
ber of  the  American  Chemical  Society,  American  Institute  of 
Chemical  Engineers,  etc.  145  illustrations,  6x9  inches.  340 
pages,   cloth,   $4.     New   York.     D.    Van   Nostrand   Company. 

This  book  is  the  outgrowth  of  a  number  of  years  of  obser- 
vation and  experience  involving  on  the  part  of  the  author  the 
collection  of  a  considerable  amount  of  data  from  many 
sources,  particularly  the  literature  on  the  hydrogenation  of  oils 
scattered  through  many  periodicals.  In  this  respect,  the  work 
is  very  comprehensive,  and  the  user  of  the  book  can  confi- 
dently assume  that  in  possessing  the  volume  he  has  at  hand 
about  all  of  the  published  investigations  to  date.  According 
to  the  author,  the  extensive  use  of  the  hydrogenation  process 
in  its  application  to  the  technology  of  oils  must  be  regarded 
as  a  most  important  advance,  but  the  probable  effect  on  the 
oil  and  allied  industries,  and  on  the  oil  and  oil  seed  markets, 
is  yet  difficult  to  forecast,  as  the  full  possibilities  of  the  process 
cannot  yet  be  determined. 

The  whole  structure  of  hydrogenation  resides  in  the 
catalytic  action  of  practically  only  a  limited  number  of  metals 
and  their  compounds  which  awaken  the  usually  passive  element 
hydrogen  from  its  dormant  condition  and  thus  enable  its  com- 
bination with  unsaturated  bodies.  In  the  practical  application 
of  the  process  to  oils  the  object  has  been  to  find  some  means 
of  converting  oleic  acid  into  stearic  acid,  or  olein  into  stearin, 
by  the  addition  of  hydrogen,  so  as  to  make  valuable  hard  fats 
from  relatively  cheap  raw  material.  Less  than  one  per  cent. 
of  hydrogen  is  required  to  effect  this  transformation  of  oleic 
acid  into  stearic  acid,  but  the  problem  was  not  so  simple  as 
it  looked,  and  not  until  recent  years,  with  the  discovery  of 
effective  hydrogen  carriers  or  catalyzers,  did  it  become  pos- 
sible to  bring  about  this  conversion  economically  with  yields 
sufficiently  large  to  warrant  commercial  exploitation.  Now 
enormous  quantities  of  "hardened  oil"  are  prepared  by  the 
hydrogen  process,  and,  to  quote  the  author,  "so  eagerly  has 
the  oil  handling  world  lent  itself  to  the  idea  that  already  the 
stearin  market  has  lost  its  firmness  and  much  speculation  is 
rampant  as  to  the  nature  of  price  adjustments  which  perhaps 


HEALTH  AND  LONGEVITY  THROUGH  RATIONAL  DIET. 
Practical  hints  in  regard  to  food  and  the  usefulness  or  harm- 
ful effects  of  the  various  articles  of  diet.  By  Arnold  Lorand» 
Carlsbad.  Royal  octavo,  416  pages,  cloth,  $2.50.  Philadelphia. 
F.  A.   Davis  Co. 

The  author  of  this  book  is  well  and  favorably  known  for 
bis  various  contributions  to  medical  literature  on  the  causes 
of  old  age  and  its  postponement  by  hygienic  and  therapeutic 
measures,  and  this  companion  work  to  his  "Old  Age  De- 
ferred" is  sure  to  attract  attention.  The  hygiene  of  the  food  is 
exceedingly  important,  and  while  wholesome  and  appropriate 
diet  is  within  the  reach  of  all,  the  woeful  lack  of  knowledge 
and  indifference  make  any  effort  in  this  direction  a  rather 
sorry  pretence  of  following  the  laws  of  health.  The  author, 
who  has  had  large  practical  experience  in  the  dietetic  treat- 
ment of  many  disorders  at  the  oldest  and  greatest  of  the 
world's  health  resorts,  Carlsbad,  in  this  book  places  before  the 
reader  an  immense  amount  of  trustworthy  information  relat- 
ing to  the  influence  of  food  upon  man,  the  fundamental  laws 
of  rational  feeding,  injurious  modes  of  feeding,  the  good  and 
evil  effects  of  various  food  substances,  vegetarianism  and  its 
advantages  and  disadvantages,  useful  hints  on  rational  feeding, 
etc. 

That  the  quantity  and  character  of  food  consumed  bears  a 
certain  relationship  to  the  maintenance  of  a  normal  state  of 
health  is  conclusive.  When  the  consumption  of  food  is  be- 
yond the  requirements  of  the  system,  or  beyond  the  powers 
of  digestion,  the  food  fails  to  be  properly  assimilated,  and  the 
surplus  acts  as  a  clog  to  the  digestive  process.  Some  phil- 
osopher has  remarked  that  it  requires  extraordinary  mechan- 
ism to  transform  food  into  bone,  muscle,  nerve,  and  thought, 
and  we  cannot  be  too  careful  in  closely  obeying  the  laws  which- 
govern  these  functions.  Our  duty  to  ourselves  and  to  man- 
kind is,  therefore,  plain.  Common  experience  and  observation- 
teach  us  that  inadequately  nourished  persons  are  least  re- 
sistant to  infections,  and  that  persons  who  take  good  food  and' 
do  not  overeat  may  live  to  the  allotted  score  of  man.  That 
this  book  is  a  noteworthy  contribution  to  the  subject  of  dietet- 
ics we  can  confidently  assert,  for  it  contains  a  vast  amount  of 
information  everyone  should  know  about. 


INTRODUCTORY'  NOTES  ON  QUANTITATIVE  CHEMICAL. 
ANALYSIS.  By  Charles  William  Foulk,  professor  of  analytical 
chemistry  in  the  Ohio  State  University.  Third  edition.  6J4 
X  91^2  inches.  250  pages,  cloth.  New  York.  McGraw-Hill  Boole 
Company. 

For  beginners  in  quantitative  analysis  this  book  does  not 
follow  the  outline  usually  presented  in  many  text  books,  in 
that  it  aims  to  present  the  beginning  work  in  quantitative  an- 
alysis in  such  a  way  that  the  student  will  be  led  to  think 
more  of  the  general  aspects  of  the  subject  than  of  learning 
merely  to  carry  out  a  succession  of  methods.  Thus,  in  his 
introduction,  the  author  discusses  such  topics  as  cleaning: 
chemical  apparatus,  simple  glass  working,  the  outfit  for  quan- 
titative analysis,  the  balance,  the  art  of  w-eighing,  a  most  im- 
portant factor  in  accurate  work,  preparation  of  samples,  fil- 
tration, washing,  ignition,  etc.,  as  also  the  miscellaneous  op- 
erations and  laboratory  work  connected  with  this  department 
of  analysis.  No  one  but  an  experienced  teacher  and  chem- 
ist could  present  these  facts  as  vividly  and  in  connected  se- 
quence as  the  author  does,  and  this  presentation  is  sure  to  be- 
of  great  service  in  "starting"  the  student  on  the  right  track. 

Part  II  of  the  book  is  devoted  to  practice  work,  the  exer- 
cises selected  being  the  determination  of  various  sainples  which 
shall  furnish  a  variety  of  manipulative  experience  to  the  stu- 
dent. Working  in  the  way  outlined  by  the  author,  and  on  a 
basis  of  four  hours  a  week  college  credit,  it  is  expected  that 
the  average  student  will  occupy  a  year  in  accomplishing  what 
is  in  the  book. 


Tartar-Mint  Dentrifrice 

Cream  of  tartar   l/i  ounce 

Prepared   chalk    1  ^4  ounces 

Powdered  white  sugar 1 J4  ounces 

Heavy   magnesia    3  ounces 

Essence   of   peppermint 10  drops 

Mix  and  sift. 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


5or 


Manufacture  of  Biological  Products 

By  p.  E.   STEWART,  Ph.   G.,  M.  D. 

(Scientific   Department,    H.    K.   Mulford    Company.) 
{Concluded  from  page  454,   October   Era.) 

EXAMINATION  of  the  serum  from  an  animal  which  has 
been  immunized  against  a  certain  bacterium,  by  intro- 
ducing into  its  body  the  bacterium  itself,  either  living 
or  dead,  shows  that  it  has  had  conferred  upon  it  during  the 
process  of  immunization  certain  properties  not  possessed  by 
normal  serum,  except  in  a  very  slight  degree.  These  prop- 
erties are  specific;  that  is,  eadi  kind  of  bacterium  when  in- 
troduced into  the  body  gives  rise  to  properties  in  the  serum, 
antibacterial  to  itself  and  to  no  other. 

The  properties  of  this  immune  serum,  as  it  is  called,  are 
assumed  to  be  due  to  the  presence  of  separate  and  distinct 
active  principles  referred  to  under  various  names,  as  immune 
bodies,  antibodies,  etc. 

In  order  to  learn  the  nature  of  these  antibodies  it  would  be 
necessary  to  isolate  them  chemically.  Thus  far  all  such  trials 
have  been  unsuccessful.  It  is  even  uncertain  whether  these 
so-called  antibodies  are  definite  chemical  entities.  Only  the 
effects  of  the  serum  as  a  whole  are  known  and  the  ingredi- 
ents to  which  these  activities  are  attributed  are  conceived  of 
as  antibodies. 

Antibodies  impart  to  immune  serum  three  main  actions : 
namely,  (a)  bactericidal  and  lysogenic  action,  (6)  opsonic 
action,  (c)  agglutination  and  the  closely  allied  precipitating 
action. 

The  bactericidal  and  lysogenic  action  of  the  serum  is  as- 
sumed to  be  due  to  the  presence  of  bacteriolysin  (lysio,  to 
dissolve). 

It  is  assumed  by  some  authors  that  the  serum  also  con- 
tains bactericidin,  having  the  property  of  killing  bacteria 
without    dissolving   them. 

The  opsonic  action  is  assumed  by  Wright  and  his  associates 
to  be  due  to  the  presence  of  opsonins  (non-specific  and  spe- 
cific), so  named  because  the  function  attributed  to  them  is 
to  prepare  bacteria  for  ingestion  and  digestion  by  the  phago- 
cytes. "Opsonin"  is  derived  from  the  Greek  word  opsono, 
meaning  "I  prepare  food  for."  Tlie  function  of  the  opsonins 
is  to  prepare  the  bacteria  for  the  action  of  the  leucocytes.  The 
leucocytes  will  not  devour  microbes  until  they  are  first  pre- 
pared by  opsonins. 

Griiber  and  Durham  found  that  when  a  small  quantity  of 
immune  serum  is  added  to  a  suspension  of  the  corresponding 
bacterium,  the  organisms  become  agglutinated  into  clumps 
and  rendered  inactive.  Accordingly,  he  assumed  that  this 
phenomenon  is  due  to  the  presence  of  definite  bodies  in  the 
serum  to  which  the  name  agglutinins  has  been  given.  Soon 
after  the  discovery  of  agglutinins,  Kraus  showed  in  the  case 
of  the  organisms  of  typhoid  fever,  cholera  and  plague,  that 
the  immune  serum  not  only  caused  agglutination,  but  when 
added  to  the  filtrate  of  a  culture  of  the  corresponding  bacter- 
ium, produced  a  cloudiness  and  afterwards  a  precipitate. 
Hence,  the  name  precipitin  was  given  to  this  hypothetical  sub- 
stance. 

It  has  already  been  stated  that  during  the  immunizing  of 
an  animal  by  introducing  into  its  body  a  certain  bacterium, 
living  or  dead,  the  body  cells  are  stimulated  to  produce  a 
specific  proteolytic  ferment.  Possibly  the  properties  above 
described  are  all  due  to  enzyme  action.  Metchnikoff  explains 
how  the  various  enzymes  or  antibodies  are  formed  by  the  body 
cells  (phagocytes),  which  circulate  in  the  blood  (leucocytes) 
or  compose  the  tissues  (tissue  cells),  and  how  these  sub- 
stances secreted  by  the  body  cells  or  set  free  by  their  dissolu- 
tion (phagolysis)  impart  to  the  blood  serum  the  properties 
just  described.  These  protective  substances  or  antibodies 
which  give  the  serum  the  properties  referred  to.  are  divided 
into  several  classes,  namely,  antitoxins  and  antiaggressins, 
which  respectively  neutralize  toxic  poisons  and  aggressins;  bac- 
teriolysins,  which  cause  lysis  or  solution  of  the  bacteria,  and 
bacteriotropins  (opsonins,  etc.),  which  prepare  the  bacteria 
for  phagocytosis.  These  specific  protective  bodies  can  be 
transferred  from  immunized  animals  into  the  circulation  of 
other  animals  or  man  by  means  of  the  immune  serum.  If 
the  blood  is  drawn  from  the  veins  of  an  animal  immunized 
against  an  infectious  disease  by  any  of  the  above  methods  and 
allowed  to  clot,  the  antibodies  remain  in  the  supernatant  serum. 


By  injecting  this  serum  into  the  veins  of  another  animal  or 
man  (or  introducing  it  subcutaneously)  the  contained  anti- 
bodies are  conveyed  into  the  blood  of  the  individual  injected 
and  immunity  results.  This  immunity  is  called  passive  be- 
cause the  immunized  individual's  body  cells  take  no  part  in 
producng  it.  The  production  of  diphtheria  antitoxin  by  im- 
munizing a  horse  against  diphtheria  toxin  and  then  using  the 
resulting  antitoxic  serum  for  producing  immunity  against 
diphtheria  in  man  is  a  well-known  example  of  passive  im- 
munity. 

Antitoxins  and  antibacterial  serums  are  used  for  producing 
passive  immunity  against  infectious  diseases;  also  as  thera- 
peutic agents  in  their  treatment.  As  diphtheria  antitoxin  is 
typical,  the  description  of  the  method  whereby  it  is  prepared 
will  serve  in  a  general  way  to  demonstrate  how  this  class  of 
products  are  produced. 

When  bacteria  grow  and  multiply  in  the  body,  symptoms 
of  poisoning  (toxemia)  are  manifested,  consequently  it  was  in- 
ferred that  bacteria  either  produce  poisons  during  their  growth 
or  contain  poisons.  Subsequent  experiments  proved  that  the 
poisonous  effects  of  a  few  bacteria  are  traceable  to  substances 
elaborated  during  their  growth,  which  pass  out  into  the  sur- 
rounding media,  and  the  poisonous  effects  of  the  other  class 
seemed  to  be  due  to  the  actual  constituents  of  the  bacterial 
cells.  To  the  former,  the  name  exotoxins  or  extracellular  tox- 
ins, was  given.  The  latter  were  named  endotoxins  or  intra- 
cellular toxins. 

The  injection  of  soluble  toxins  into  the  body  stimulates 
the  tissue  cells  to  produce  "antitoxins."  These  toxins  when 
injected  without  the  bacteria  do  not  give  rise  to  antibacterial 
substances. 

Among  the  bacteria  producing  soluble  extracellular  toxins 
or  exotoxins,  the  bacillus  of  diphtheria  and  the  bacillus  of 
tetanus  are  the  most  important.  Serum  from  an  animal  im- 
munized by  injecting  into  its  body  small  and  increasing  doses 
of  toxin  administered  at  regular  intervals  and  given  over  a 
long  period  (months)  of  time,  is  rich  in  antitoxin.  This  anti- 
toxic serum,  when  properly  prepared  and  standardized,  con- 
stitutes the  antitoxin  of  commerce.  Diphtheria  antitoxin  and 
tetanus^  antitoxin  are  prepared  in  this  manner.  When  such 
antitoxin  is  introduced  into  the  bodies  of  other  animals  or 
man,  they  become  temporarily  immune  to  the  toxin  produced 
by  the  living  organisms.  Consequently  antitoxins  are  used 
for  immunizing  healthy  persons  against  diphtheria  and  tetanus. 

The  preparation  of  diphtheria  antitoxin  will  serve  as  an  ex- 
ample to  show  how  all  antitoxins  and  anti-sera  are  prepared, 
except  as  to  minor  details. 

The  first  step  in  the  preparation  of  diphtheria  antitoxin  is 
the  propagation  of  the  Klebs-Loeffler  bacillus,  the  cause  of 
diphtheria.  A  culture  is  selected,  capable  of  producing  a 
large  amount  of  antibodies.  The  so-called  seed  cultures  are 
planted  in  test  tubes  24  hours  before  they  are  wanted  for  use. 
These  cultures  are  used  for  inoculating  large  Fernbach  flasks 
and  are  grown  on  the  surface  of  bouillon  for  six  or  seven  days. 

After  they  are  inoculated,  the  Fernbach  flasks  are  placed 
in  the  incubating  room  and  kept  at  about  35  to  37°  C.  during 
the  time  of  cultivation.  At  first  the  bacilli  grow  rapidly  and 
at  the  end  of  24  to  48  hours,  the  surface  of  the  bouillon  is 
covered  with  a  thin  pellicle.  This  pellicle  continues  to  ex- 
tend, becoming  thicker,  until  it  curls  under  and  some  of  the 
growth  falls  to  the  bottom  of  the  flask.  During  all  this  time 
the  metabolic  products  of  growth  are  being  received  by  the 
bouillon,  which  becomes  strongly  toxic  in  character.  The  cul- 
tures are  now  removed  from  the  incubator  and  the  diphtheria 
germs  killed  by  an  antiseptic  and  filtered  out — first  through 
asbestos  and  then  through  Berkefeld  filters.  The  fihrate, 
kiiown  as  diphtheria  toxin,  is  then  placed  on  storage  in  a  re- 
frigerating room,  ready  for  use  in  preparing  diphtheria  anti- 
toxin. 

The  next  step  is  the  immunizing  of  horses  against  the 
diphtheria  toxin.  Only  healthy  horses  are  used.  This  is 
assured  by  keeping  the  animals  under  observation  of  veterin- 
arians for  at  least  two  weeks,  and  testing  them  for  glanders 
before  they  enter  the  antitoxin  laboratory.  Previous  to  in- 
jecting the  diphtheria  toxin  into  the  tissues  of  the  horse  for 
producing  immunity,  the  toxin  is  standardized  on  guinea  pigs. 
The  toxin  injections  are  made  subcutaneously.  Because  of 
the  differences  in  susceptibility  noted  in  various  horses,  only 
very  small  doses  are  at  first  employed.  The  intervals  between 
injections   depend    upon    the    time   necessary    to    complete   sub- 


502 


THE    PHAI^^L\CEUT1CAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


sidence  of  the  reaction  produced  by  the  toxin.  The  doses  of 
toxin  are  gradually  increased  until  at  the  end  of  two  or  three 
months,  more  than  ten  times  the  original  dose  is  given. 

Horses  \-ary  greatly  in  the  strength  of  antitoxin  which  they 
will  produce.  Some  animals  will  produce  an  antitoxic  serum, 
1  c.c.  of  which  may  contain  250  antitoxic  units,  .\nother  may 
supply  an  antitoxic  serum  containing  SOO  antitoxic  units  per 
c.c.  Some  horses  may  produce  a  serum  containing  1000  per 
c.c.  Park  stated  that  none  of  tlie  horses  used  by  him  has 
ever  yielded  2000  units  per  c.c.  After  the  horses  have  reached 
the  point  where  the  injections  are  not  followed  by  an  increase 
in  the  antitoxic  power  of  the  serum,  the  animals  are  bled. 
For  that  purpose,  a  sharp  cannula  is  introduced  into  the  jug- 
ular vein,  the  horse  being  prepared  for  the  purpose  by  being 
led  into  a  specially  constructed  stall  where  it  is  tmder  perfect 
control  during  the  operation.  The  skin  is  previously  shaved 
and  sterilized.  The  cannula  is  then  plunged  into  the  vein 
and  through  a  sterile  rubber  tube,  the  blood  is  allowed  to 
flow  into  tigh-glass  cylinders  protected  by  parchment  covers, 
as  much  as  five  or  six  liters  of  blood  being  drawn  without 
injuring  the  animal.  The  cylinders  containing  the  blood  are 
then  permitted  to  remain  standing  in  the  blood-cooling  room 
for  two  or  three  days,  preferably  at  or  below  10°  C.  At  the 
end  of  this  time,  the  serum  has  separated  from  the  clot,  which 
is  then  drawn  off  and  stored  in  the  refrigerating  room.  This 
antitoxic  serum,  standardized  and  preserved  by  the  addition  of 
one-half  of  one  per  cent,  trikresol  or  other  antiseptic,  con- 
stituted the  antitoxin  of  commerce  until  the  introduction  of 
Gibson's  process  for  concentrating  and  purifying  the  product. 

In  the  preparation  of  concentrated  and  purified  diphtheria 
antito.xin  by  the  Gibson  process,  the  antitoxic  serum  is  treated 
by  the  addition  of  saturated  ammonium  sulphate  solution, 
which  throws  down  the  globulins.  .\fter  filtration,  the 
pseudo-globulin  (containing  the  antitoxin)  is  separated  from 
the  euglobulin  by  means  of  saturated  sodium  chloride  solu- 
tion, in  which  the  former  is  dissolved. 

The  pseudo-globulin  is  next  precipitated  from  the  solution 
by  acetic  acid.  It  is  then  collected  on  the  filter,  dried  be- 
tween filter  papers,  placed  in  parchment  dialyzers  and 
dialyzed  in  running  water  to  free  it  from  organic  matter. 

AVTien  placed  in  the  dialyzers,  the  antitoxic  globulin  is  a 
white  wa.xy  mass.  During  the  process  of  dialyzation,  it  is  dis- 
solved and  becomes  a  clear,  limpid,  straw-colored  fluid.  This 
fluid  is  further  purified  by  passing  through  several  layers  of 
filter  paper  and  then  twice  through  Berkefeld  filters.  The 
next  step  is  the  standardization  of  the  concentrated  solution 
of  antitoxic  globulin   by  the  U.   S.   Government  process. 

During  the  process  of  preparation,  tests  are  employed  to 
insure   the  safety   of  the  product. 

Concentrated  diphtheria  antitoxin  is  practically  a  solution 
of   pseudo-globulin   in   normal   saline   solution. 

Tetanus  antito.xin   is  prepared  in  a  similar  manner. 

Antibacterial  serums  are  produced  in  a  similar  manner  to 
that  employed  for  the  production  of  antitoxins,  with  the 
exception  that  the  bacteria  themselves  are  used  for  immuniz- 
ation, either  living  or  dead,  or  immunization  is  conducted  with 
bacterial  extracts  or  bacterial  extracts  plus  full  bacteria.  Such 
serums  contain  various  antibodies,  including  agglutinins,  pre- 
cipitins, bacteriotropins  and  amboceptors  and  anti-endotoxins. 
These  products  are  also  known  as  immune  serums.  In  their 
preparation,  bacteria  are  used  which  do  not  have  the  power 
of  producing  soluble  to.xins. 

Dosage  of  Bacterins  and  Serums 
The  dosage  of  bacterins  when  used  for  prophylaxis  has  been 
approximately  decided  upon  quite  generally  by  the  dosage 
originally  adopted  for  immimizing  against  typhoid  fever, 
namely,  initial  dose  of  500  million  killed  bacteria  to  be  fol- 
lowed in  ten  days  by  a  dose  of  one  billion  killed  bacteria, 
and  ten  days  later  by  another  dose  of  the  same  amount, 
namely  one  billion.  The  doses  of  sensitized  bacterins  for 
immunization  are  double  the  amount  used  when  unsensitizcd 
bacterins  are  employed,  to  be  given  at  intervals  of  six  to  seven 
days.  The  bacterin  is  administered  by  injecting  beneath  the 
skin  with  an  ordinary  hypodermic  syringe.  Following  the  in- 
jection, there  is  a  certain  amount  of  reaction  when  unsensitized 
bacterins  are  employed.  This  reaction  is  almost  unnoticeable 
in  most  cases,  and  more  severe  .in  others.  It  is  characterized 
by  more  or  less  lassitude,  perhaps  fever,  and  sometimes  by  a 
sore  arm.  The  sensitizing  of  the  bacteria,  according  to  Besrodka, 


greatly  lessens  the  tendency  to  reaction,'  as  has  already  been 
stated. 

When  used  for  the  treatment  of  infectious  diseases,  no  defi- 
nite rule  for  dosage  can  be  laid  down.  .Ml  authorities  agree 
that  "vaccine  treatment  does  not  consist  in  merely  administer- 
ing certain  doses  of  vaccine  at  certain  intervals."  As  one 
writer  in  the  Medical  Record  has  truly  said,  "The  only  ar- 
bitrary dose  of  a  bacterial  vaccine  is  the  initial  dose.  Every 
successive  dose  must  be  guided  by  the  effect  obtained  from 
the  preceding  dose.  Or  as  Dr.  John  B.  Murphy  says  in  regard 
to  tuberculin,  "There  is  no  average  dose;  tliere  is  no  common 
dose;  there  is  a  dose  for  one  individual  and  that  individual 
alone." 

.\s  a  general  statement,  the  intervals  between  doses  are  usu- 
ally from  two  to  four  days  in  acute  cases  and  from  two  to 
seven  days  in  chronic  cases.  Later  on  in  the  course  of  treat- 
ment, the  intervals  may  be  lengthened  or  shortened  according 
to  indications. 

Contrary  to  the  scheme  usually  employed  with  the  ordinary 
bacterins,  tlie  dose  of  sensitized  vaccine  is  large,  rapidly  in- 
creased, and  repeated  at  short  intervals.  For  example,  Gor- 
don, in  the  treatment  of  erysipelas  with  sensitized  streptococ- 
cus vaccine,  usually  employed  the  following  graduation :  First 
dose,  500  million;  second  dose,  24  hours  later,  1000  million; 
third  dose,  24  hours  later,  2000  million.  In  some  cases,  from 
two  to  three  doses  were  sufficient  to  bring  about  a  cure.  The 
series  of  cases  reported  by  Cruveilhier  from  the  Pasteur  In- 
stitute show  the  remarkable  effectiveness  of  sensitized  vaccines 
in  gonorrhoea,  gonorrheal  rheumatism,  etc.  Patients,  some  of 
whom  had  been  confined  to  bed  with  gonorrheal  rheumatism, 
were  improved  within  48  hours,  and  a  few  days  sufficed  for 
complete  cure,  although  the  duration  of  the  illness  had  been 
from  four  to  eight  years.  Gay  and  Force  employ  doses  of 
SOO  million  killed  sensitized  typhoid  bacilli  at  two  to  three-day 
intervals  for  preventive   immunization. 

However,  these  large  doses  sometimes  produce  marked  re- 
actions, as  attested  by  physicians  in  this  country  who  have 
been  using  sensitized  killed  bacteria  for  therapeutic  purposes; 
and  it  b  a  question  whether  a  better  rule  would  not  be  to  use 
the  initial  doses  recommended  by  Wright  for  ordinary  bac- 
terins, and  then  rapidly  increase  the  dosage  if  no  reactions 
occur.  Probably,  in  most  cases,  the  full  dosage  used  by 
Besrodka  and  his  followers,  both  as  to  amounts  and  inter- 
vals, may  be  safely  employed. 

The  prophylactic  doses  for  children  recommended  by  Major 
Russell  of  the  United  States  Army  for  the  employment  of 
typho-bacterin  are  based  on  the  body  weight  of  the  child. 
The  child  is  given  that  portion  of  the  adult  dose  which  his 
weight  bears  to  the  average  adult  weight,  150  pounds.  If  the 
fraction  proves  inconvenient,  a  little  more  rather  than  a  little 
less  is  administered.  As  with  adults,  the  best  time  for  inocu- 
lation is  four  o'clock,  or  later  in  the  afternoon,  since  any 
reaction  will  then  come  after  bedtime.  The  dosage  of  typho- 
bacterin recommended  by  Dr.  Max  Goltman  in  his  report  to 
the  Hygienic  Congress  at  Washington,  D.  C.  (1912),  is  con- 
tained in  the  following: — ■  "During  the  recent  epidemic  of 
typhoid  fever  in  the  city  of  Memphis,  there  were  13,308 
recorded  immunizations,  of  which  number  517  were  given  to 
children  from  one  to  five  years  of  age.  Most  of  these  chil- 
dren received  the  full  adult  dose,  which  was  tolerated  better 
than  in  adults;  3726  immunizations  w'ere  given  between  6  and 
15  years  of  age,  and  1965  from  16  years  upward.  There  were 
probably  in  all  30,000  persons  immunized.  No  serious  re- 
sults were  recorded  and  it  was  believed  that  the  city  was 
saved  from  a  most  serious  epidemic  of  typhoid  fever  by  pro- 
phylactic use  of  typho-bacterin. 

These  observations  serve  as  a  partial  guide  in  determining 
the  therapeutic  dosage  for  the  treatment  of  children. 

The  following  dose  table  (tentative  only)  is  of  service 
in  determining  the  initial  dose  of  bacterial  vaccines.  This 
table  is  accredited  to  Sir  .\lmroth  E.  Wright. 

Name  Injection  of  Killed  Bacteria. 

Bacillus   Coli   Vaccine    .' 5,000,000  to       50,000,000 

Gonococcic   Vaccine    5,000,000  to       50,000,000 

Xeoformans   Vaccine    50,000,000  to      100,000,000 

Pyocyaneous  Vaccine   5,000,000  to       50,000,000 

Pneumococcic  Vaccine    10,000,000  to        50,000,000 

Staphylococcic   Vaccine    50,000,000  to  1.000,000,000 

Streptococcic    Vaccine    10,000,000  to       25,000,000 

Typhoid    A'acrine    5,000,000  to       50,(X)0,000 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


503 


The  dosage  of  antitoxins  and  antibacterial  serums,  both  for 
prophylaxis  and  treatment,  has  been  greatly  augmented  within 
the  past  two  or  three  years.  In  regard  to  diphtheria  anti- 
toxin, the  general  agreement  seems  now  to  be  that  the  number 
of  units  advisable  is  to  be  governed  by  the  clinical  symptoms. 
Beginning  with  5000  units,  the  injections  are  made  at  such 
intervals  as  are  clinically  indicated  in  eadi  case,  bearing  con- 
stantly in  mind  that  antitoxin  in  itself  is  harmless  and  acts 
only  as  an  assistant  to  the  antitoxin  already  formed  within  the 
body.  If  a  longer  interval  than  24  hours  has  elapsed  before  the 
patient  is  first  seen,  the  dose  should  be  still  larger,  and  if 
tlireatening  symptoms  of  any  kind  exist,  the  physician  should 
not  hesitate  to  inject  10,000  units  or  more  at  the  time  of  his 
first  visit.  Some  writers  have  used  much  larger  amounts, 
up  to  100,000  units  and  have  reported  favorable  results  in 
the  most  desperate  cases.  In  severe  cases,  the  subcutaneous 
administration,  should,  according  to  the  best  authorities,  be 
abandoned,  since  the  absorption  owing  to  the  lowered  blood 
pressure,  must  then  be  still  slower  than  in  the  healthy  individ- 
ual where  the  maximum  antitoxin  content  of  the  blood  is 
scarcely  reached  before  the  third  day.  In  such  cases,  lives 
may  be  saved  if  the  injections  are  given  intravenously  or  even 
intramuscularly.  .\s  to  the  quantity  of  antitoxin  which  may 
be  administered  in  the  course  of  the  disease,  there  is  appar- 
ently no  limit.  Bankier  thus  reports  a  case  of  a  child  in 
which  72,000  units  were  given  and  in  which  recovery  oc- 
curred in  spite  of  the  most  ominous  symptoms.  Gabriel,  at 
Neisser's  clinic,  gave  4000  to  5000  units  every  five  days  for  four 
weeks  in  severe  cases.  Doses  of  10,000  to  18,000  units  are 
common  amounts  and  in  the  severest  cases  35,000  to  65,000 
units  have  been  used.  State  Commissioner  Dixon  of  Pennsyl- 
vania reports  records  of  cases  of  52,000,  57,000,  63,000,  68,000, 
and  117,000  units,  resulting  in  recovery  without  renal  or 
cardiac  complications.  When  the  disease  has  progressed  for 
several  days  before  the  injection  of  antitoxin,  it  has  been  found 
that  large,  doses,  25,000  to  50,000  units,  given  at  a  single  in- 
jection, intravenously,  may  save  the  life  of  the  patient. 

With  regard  to  tetanus  antito.xin,  the  immunizing  dose  gen- 
erally agreed  upon  is  1500  units.  Thousands  of  individuals 
injured  by  fourth  of  July  fireworks  have  been  immunized 
against  tetanus  with  this  dose  and  the  mortality  reduced  to  a 
minimum. 

When  symptoms  of  tetanus  ahready  exist,  very  little  is  to  be 
expected  from  the  use  of  antito.xin  subcutaneously  because 
these  symptoms  indicate  that  a  union  has  already  occurred  be- 
tween the  to.xins  and  the  sensitive  receptors  in  tlie  central 
nervous  system.  However,  there  is  a  possibility  of  saving  life 
even  after  the  symptoms  of  tetanus  have  manifested  them- 
selves, by  injecting  the  antitoxin  intravenously.  Dr.  William 
H.  Park  of  New  York,  in  his  Cutter  lecture  on  Preventive 
Medicine,  delivered  at  the  Harvard  Medical  School,  March  13, 
1912,  said,  "In  tetanus,  I  have  frequently  seen  the  life-saving 
action  of  the  intravenous  injection.  I  believe  it  is  almost 
criminal  negligence  not  to  give  an  intravenous  injection.  Con- 
sider a  case  of  tetanus  in  which,  by  the  symptoms,  you  know 
the  important  cells  of  the  body  are  already  affected — it  is  fool- 
ish to  rely  on  a  subcutaneous  injection  with  its  slow  absorp- 
tion. I  have  urged  the  surgeons  of  New  York  to  keep  anti- 
toxin on  hand  and  at  the  very  first  sign  of  tetanus,  to  inject 
intravenously  about  20,000  units  of  antitoxin.  In  those  cases 
of  continuing  rigidity,  I  confess  I  advise  to  go  on  giving  in- 
jections every  twelve  hours  for  several  days,  but  the  more  I 
test  the  product  in  these  cases,  the  more  doubtful  I  am  as  to 
the  good  of  repeating  the  injection,  .^t  intervals  of  twenty- 
four  hours,  they  keep  up  the  strength  of  antitoxin.  I  am  sure 
that  a  large  intravenous  injection  given  within  a  few  hours 
of  the  onset  of  the  symptoms  will  save  many  patients  in  acute 
stages  of  tetanus,  who  would  otherwise  die.  The  usual  prac- 
tice after  seeing  the  patient  is  to  wait  twelve  hours  in  order  to 
be  certain  of  the  diagnosis,  and  then  administer  antitoxin ; 
thus  twelve  to  eighteen  hours  are  wasted.  We  know  that  many 
animals  treated  within  a  few  hours  by  large  doses  are  saved." 

The  Journal  of  the  American  Medical  Association  for  April 
11,  1914,  emphasizes  the  importance  of  early  and  liberal  use 
of  antitoxic  serum,  largely  by  intraspinal  introduction,  in 
order  to  neutralize  the  toxin  that  still  is  free  and  on  its  way 
to  the  nerve-cells;  the  necessity  of  thorougli  cleansing  of  the 
wound  to  remove  all  source  of  continued  intoxication,  and  of 
conserving  the  strength  of  the  patient  in  the  hope  that  the 
morbid  process  caused  by  the  toxin  already  in  the  nerve-cells 
may  be  overcome. 


Board  of  Pharmacy  Examinations 

By  H.  C.  CHBISTENSEN,  Chicag'o,  111. 

A  very  comprehensive  report  of  the  Advisory  Examination 
Committee  was  presented  to  the  National  Association  of 
Boards  of  Pharmacy  at  the  recent  meeting  held  in  De- 
troit. After  summarizing  the  points  covered  in  the  Re- 
port of  the  Committee  made  last  year,  it  is  related  how 
letters  and  inquiries  were  sent  to  the  various  colleges  and 
boards  of  pharmacy  throughout  the  country  asking  for 
information  and  sets  of  questions  used  in  recent  exam- 
inations. The  concluding  portion  of  the  report,  which 
represents  the  conclusions  of  the  Committee  is  presented 
below: 

THERE  has  not  been  in  the  past  the  co-ordination  between 
the  colleges  of  pharmacy  and  State  boards  that  there 
should  be.  Each  has  gone  its  way  ignoring  the  other,  I 
am  sure,  with  material  loss  to  both.  On  behalf  of  this  Com- 
mittee I  want  to  place  great  stress  upon  this  point:  Any 
scheme  or  plan  of  examination  that  does  not  take  into  consid- 
eration the  institutions  that  prepare  candidates  for  these  exam- 
inations is  doomed  to  final  failure,  and,  conversely,  the  educa- 
tional institutions  that  do  not  take  into  consideration  the 
examining  bodies  are  limiting  the  scope  of  their  usefulness  and 
not  doing  full  justice  to  their  students.  The  principle  is  basic 
and  fundamental. 

The  ground  may  be  taken,  as  it  was  by  one  noted  educator 
in  pharmacy,  that  examinations  should  be  abolislied  and  the 
qualifications  to  practice  left  wholly  with  the  schools.  We 
cannot  agree  with  this  view.  We  do  believe,  however,  that 
a  person  graduating  from  a  recognized  school  or  college  of 
pharmacy,  if  he  has  also  had  proper  practical  experience, 
should  be  equipped  with  sufficient  knowledge  to  pass  success- 
fully a  State  board  examination.  He  has  a  right  to  expect 
to  pass.  If  he  fails,  it  seems  to  be  selfevident  that  there  was 
something  wrong  with  his  school  or  college  course,  or  some- 
thing wrong  with  the  board  examination  in  which  he  failed  to 
pass. 

With  prerequisite  laws  being  passed  in  the  various  States 
requiring  candidates  to  hold  a  college  degree  before  being 
admitted  to  examination,  a  grave  injustice  will  be  worked  upon 
students  unless  there  is  some  co-ordination  between  the  pre- 
paring and  examining  bodies.  With  this  as  one  of  the  things 
in  mmd,  we  sent  the  before-mentioned  letter  to  colleges  asking 
professors  and  facuUies  to  submit  to  us  sets  of  questions, 
which  in  their  judgment,  would  furnish  a  fair  test  for  candi- 
dates who  aspired  to  practice  pharmacy  in  their  respective 
States.  General  suggestions  and  ideas  were  also  asked  for, 
with  reference  to  questions  and  examinations.  I  think  there 
were  some  of  them  that  did  not  take  this  request  seriously. 
At  least  the  response  was  not  as  general  as  we  could  wish. 
Fortunately,'  the  men  who  did  respond — both  promptly  and  gen- 
erously— are  the  very  men  who  have  established  positions  in 
the  educational  world  and  are  recognized  as  leaders  in  their 
line.  There  may  have  been  an  element  of  self-protection  on 
the  part  of  those  who  failed  to  comply  with  our  request — 
the  presumption  of  the  committee  is,  however,  that  they  were 
too  pressed  for  time  to  give  the  matter  the  necessary  atten- 
tion,  or  that  they  considered  the  request  unimportant. 

The  answers  received  from  boards,  schools  and  individuals 
emphasize  the  great  divergence  of  both  ideas  and  ideals,  and 
the  tremendous  necessity  of  closer  relation  between  the  boards 
themselves  as  well  as  between  the  boards  and  colleges.  It 
would  be  interesting  and  illuminating  to  read  to  you,  had  I 
the  time,  letters  received  from  educators,  illustrating  their 
varying  ideas.  That  they  are  in  hearty  accord  with  our  ef- 
forts to  establish  reciprocal  registration  does  not  admit  of 
doubt.  One  writes,  "The  work  which  you  have  undertaken, 
viz.,  to  obliterate  state  lines  in  the  practice  of  pharmacy,  is. 
certainly  a  commendable  one.  It  strives  for  a  condition  that 
must  ultimately  obtain,  no  matter  what  the  obstacles  that  pre- 
sent themselves  at  present."  In  the  same  letter  he  writes,  how- 
ever, in  reference  to  examinations  in  general,  "I  would  pro- 
pose that  the  qualifications  of  prospective  candidates  in  all 
theoretical  aspects  of  pharmacy  and  the  sciences  related  to 
pharmacy  be  left  to  the  colleges  and  universities  and  that  all 
of  the  time  which  the  board  can  devote  to  this  aspect  of  its 
duties  be  restricted  to  what,  for  want  of  a  better  term,  has 
been  called  the  practical  aspect." 

From  another  noted  educator,  I  get  the  following:  "The 
purpose   of   any   State   board   is   to  protect   the   citizens  of   the 


504 


THE    PIIARMArErTlCAl.    KKA 


[November,  1914 


State  against  the  dangers  which  arise  from  incompetent  prac- 
titioners. The  duty  of  the  State  board  is  therefore  to  satisfy 
itself  by  the  most  severe  and  strictest  examination  that  every 
person  who  conducts  a  pharmacy  or  is  employed  therein  Is 
equipped  with  knowledge  and  practical  skill  to  secure  the 
right  protection  of  the  otlier  citizens  of  the  State."  .'\nd  again, 
further  on  in  his  letter  he  says,  "The  State  board  should  not 
accept  the  diploma  or  certificate  of  any  individual.  Its  duty 
to  the  citizens  of  the  Slate  to  whom  it  is  responsible  is  to 
investigate  personally"  (the  fitness  of  the  candidate).  And 
sii.l  again,  when  discussing  his  ideas  as  to  the  diaracter  of 
the  questions,  he  writes,  "I  would  further  advise  that  the  State 
board  omit,  or  at  least  limit  as  much  as  possible  such  ques- 
tions as  can  be  answered  only  when  the  applicant  has  memor- 
ized, and  not  logically  studied." 

.\nother  educator,  whose  name  I  would  but  have  to  mention 
to  command  immediate  attention,  writes  in  reference  to  the 
character  of  questions:  "I  think  your  idea  an  excellent  one  in 
both  its  scope  and  intention  (keep  in  mind  the  letter  written 
to  these  men  which  I  read  a  few  minutes  ago),  but  it  will  re- 
quire time  to  single  out  questions  which  are  typical.  In  fact 
the  whole  subject  should  be  gone  into  most  Uioroughly  and 
I  would  suggest  the  classification  of  questions  under  several 
heads  such  as  questions  which  will  show  mere  exercise  of 
memory;  second,  those  which  will  call  forth  reasoning  power 
on  the  part  of  the  student,  etc."  I  merely  quote  these  few 
extracts,  which  are  typical  of  many  letters  received,  to  show 
you  the  tremendous  divergence  of  ideas  that  exist  among 
recognized  authorities,  and  to  emphasize  the  necessity  of  an 
immense  amount  of  work  over  a  long  period  of  time  in  order 
to  get  at  bedrock. 

The  number  of  replies  to  our  letters  to  the  various  State 
boards  was  fairly  generous.  We  are  satisfied  that,  except  in 
very  few  cases,  where  no  reply  was  made,  the  failure  to  do  so 
was  due  to  neglect  rather  than  the  desire  to  withhold  ques- 
tions. Possibly  there  may  have  been,  as  I  suspect  in  the  case 
of  some  of  the  schools,  an  element  of  self-protection  in  con- 
cealing their  questions.  However,  that  does  not  concern  us 
particularly. 

In  addition  to  requesting  questions  and  suggestions,  the 
members  of  the  committee  visited  several  State  boards  to 
study  examinations  and  methods  on  the  ground.  All  the 
boards  visited  showed  a  friendly  and  enthusiastic  interest  m 
our  work.  We  are  satisfied,  that  the  personal  meeting  with 
boards,  during  examination  periods,  is  destined  to  become  one 
of  the  most  important  features  of  the  work  with  reference 
to  bringing  about  uniformity,  and  certain  standards,  in  exam- 
ination methods  and  questions.  A  personal  visit  with  board 
members  will  establish  a  mutual  confidence  between  the  mem- 
bers and  the  association  representative  that  it  would  be  im- 
possible to  attain  through  correspondence.  It  also  gives  the 
association  representative  a  chance  to  see  just  where  and  how 
to  suggest  changes.  After  such  a  visit  board  members,  in 
general,  feel  more  friendly  and  will  more  readily  avail  them- 
selves of  the  opportunity  to  get  suggestions  through  corre- 
spondence. Also  the  committeeman  learns  many  things  from 
obser\'ation,  that  could  not  possibly  be  learned  by  correspond- 
ence nor  deduced  from  board  questions  submitted.  The  rea- 
son 'for  not  meeting  with  more  of  the  boards  during  the  past 
vear  is  much  the  same  as  the  reason  for  not  accomplishing 
'more  with  reference  to  the  sample  sets  of  questions.  In  order 
to  accomplish  maximum  results  in  both,  it  is  imperative  that 
a  definite  system  or  plan  must  first  obtain. 

Detailed   reports   on   the   States  visited   have   been   submitted 
to  the  President  of  this  .Association. 

Criticisms  and  Suggestions 
Regarding  the  questions  used,  the  method  of  distribution  of 
the  questions  through  the  various  subjects,  the  correlation  be- 
tween the  various  subjects,  etc.,  not  much  can  be  added  to  the 
report  was  made  last  year.  It  is  very  evident  from  a  study 
of  submitted  questions  that  the  average  board  member  has 
either  little  time  or  little  inclination  to  devote  to  question  mak- 
ing or  to  the  studv  of  examination-giving  as  an  art  or  science. 
Xo'r  is  this  condition  to  be  wondered  at.  Under  the  present 
system  of  makng  appointments  to  the  various  boards  of  phar- 
macy men  are  called  to  act  as  examiners,  with  I  fear,  little 
reference  to  their  ability  along  this  particular  line.  Likewise, 
each  man  has  his  own  business  to  attend  to,  his_  own  living 
to  make  his  tenure  of  office  is  uncertain,  and  it  is  hardly  to 
be  expected  that  he  will  devote  hours  of  unremunerative  work 


to  a  study  which,  in  a  very  short  time,  he  probably  will  not 
use.  I  merely  mention  this  to  show  you  that  the  prevailing 
status  of  e.xamiiialions  is  due  to  the  conditions  surrounding 
boards  rather  than  to  the  delinquency  of  the  individual  mem- 
bers, and  to  emphasize  the  great  necessity  of  this  association 
acting  as  an  organized  and  co-operative  body  to  extend  to 
boards  all  the  help  in  the  way  of  giving  examinations  it  can 
command. 

In  a  study  of  the  questions  submitted  by  boards  during  the 
year  we  find — 

First :  a  lack  of  correlation  between  the  different  subjects 
embraced  in  the  examinations.  We  find  pliarmacy  papers 
merging  into  chemistry,  and  chemistry  running  over  into 
materia  medica,  etc.  This  could  be  avoided  if  members  would 
submit  to  each  other,  drafts  of  examination  papers  to  be  used 
in  an  examination,  asking  for  comparisons,  criticisms  and  sug- 
gestions. 

Second:  we  find  in  a  great  many  cases,  no  particular  regard 
paid  to  the  distribution  of  questions  throughout  the  various 
portions  of  a  subject.  We  find  an  examiner,  apparently,  with 
a  hobby  on  some  particular  portion  of  a  subject — or  possibly 
his  knowledge  of  that  portion  of  the  subject  is  especially  com- 
plete— and  his  entire  examination  is  tinged  with  his  hobby. 
It  is  all  very  well  for  the  candidate  on  examination  who  may 
be  fortified  in  that  particular  fraction  of  the  subject,  but  how 
about  the  poor  fellow  whose  stock  of  knowledge  is  not  so  re- 
plete along  die  lines  of  the  examiner's  specialty? 

Let  me  illustrate,  more  especially,  what  we  mean  by  lack 
of  distribution.  W'e  all  admit  that  reaction  writing  is  a  legiti- 
mate and  important  part  of  an  examination,  but  would  you 
think  of  giving  an  entire  examination  in  chemistry  on  reaction 
writing?     Listen  to  this: 

No.  1. — W'rite  the  reaction  occurring  in  the  manufacture 
of  sodium  phosphate,  using  tricalcic  phosphate,  sulphuric  acid, 
and  sodium  carbonate.     Do  not  balance. 

No.  2. — Write   the  reactions   that   occur  in  making  sodium, 
etc.     (In  order  to  save  time  I  will  not  read  entire  questions.) 
No.   3. — Write  the  reaction  that  occurs   in  making  Labarra- 
que's  solution. 

No.  4. — Write  the  reaction  making  calcium  hypophoshite, 
etc. 

No.  5. — Write  the  reaction  that  occurs  in  making  phos- 
phorus, etc. 

No.  6. — Write  the  reactions  that  occur  in  making  tricalcic 
phosphate,  etc. 

No.  7. — In  estimating  urea  in  urine  we  generally  use  NaOH 
and  bromine,  etc.     Write  reactions  but  do  not  balance,  etc. 

No.  8. — Show  the  changes  that  occur  in  milk  when  the 
lactic  acid  germ  gets  in,  also  when  the  butyric  germ  gets  in, 
lactose  being  CuHuOn;  lactic  acid  being  CaHeOai  (some 
ozygen  in  that  acid,  what?)  butyric  acid  being  C4H8O2  (The 
reaction  was  not  asked  for  here  but  the  intent  was  obvious.) 
No.  9. — Ethyl  alcohol  mixed  with  sulphuric  acid  and  heated 
to  right  temperature  produce  ether.  Write  reaction  but  do  not 
balance. 

No.  10. — "What  is  glycogen,  from  what  foods  is  it  formed, 
where  is  it  stored,  and  by  what,  and  into  what  is  it  converted 
when  used  by  the  animal?"  (No  reaction  was  called  for  in 
No.  10,  but  by  the  time  the  candidate  had  reached  this  point 
he  would,   from   force  of  habit,  write  the  reactions.) 

Not  a  question  on  the  laws  of  chemistry;  not  a  question  in 
qualitative  analysis;  not  a  question  in  volumetric  or  gravi- 
metric analysis;  not  a  question  on  the  basic  principles  of 
organic  chemistry;  not  a  question  on  pharmaceutical  testing; 
not  a  question  on  -assaying,  but  six  questions  out  of  ten  in 
straight  chemical  technology,  and  two  questions  containing  re- 
actions of  a  somewhat  different  character,  but  nevertheless 
reactions.  If  any  member  here  recognizes  that  set  of  questions 
do  not  for  one  moment  think  that  we  selected  the  set  of  any 
particular  State,  or  any  individual  examiner  intentionally.  We 
are  trying  to  illustrate  what  we  mean  by  "bunching"  one's 
questions  or  a  lack  of  proper  distribution.  We  simply  cited 
this  set  as  being  a  somewhat  extreme  example.  This  lack  of 
distribution  is  a  very  common  thing  in  examination  papers. 
Do  not  let  the  author  of  this  set  think  he  has  any  monopoly 
along  this  line.  It  may  be  argued,  of  course,  that  if  a  candi- 
date is  found  well  qualified  in  one  particular  portion  of  a  sub- 
ject it  is  safe  to  assume  he  is  qualified  in  all,  but  I  do  not 
believe   that   argument    is   tenable. 


NOVEMBEK,    1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


505 


Third : — Coming  down  to  individual  questions,  we  find  many 
that  cause  food  for  thought.  For  years  and  years  the  readers 
of  the  pharmaceutical  journals  have  been  regaled  with  the 
answers  that  candidates  have  given  on  examination,  and  as 
•examiners  of  several  years  experience  we  must  confess  that 
there  are  answers  that  stimulate  one's  "risibles,"  but  I  want  to 
say  that  only  one  side  of  the  story  has  been  told.  The  boards 
have  carefully  concealed  their  questions  and  thus  limited  our- 
merriment  to  50  per  cent.  Take  fifty  examiners  with  their 
questions  and  fifty  candidates  with  their  answers,  pick  them 
hit  and  miss,  and  I  venture  to  say  that  if  you  consider  the 
■absurdities  humorous,  the  board  members  will  get,  when  the 
•curtain  is  rung  down,  at  least  51   per  cent  of  the  applause. 

From  a  materia  medica  paper  we  pick  two  gems.  "What 
/is  the  difference  between  the  alkaloids  extracted  from  milk 
sugar  and  those  extracted  from  cane  sugar?"  "Give  the 
botanical  name  of  the  plant  containing  strydanine,  atropine, 
salicin,  and  acctanilid."  Why  not  ask  for  the  botanical 
source  of  Swamp  Root  (Kilmer's)  or  the  "habitat"  of  the 
"Anheuser  Busch"  ? 

Fourth: — We  find  a  strong  tendency  on  the  part  of  many 
•examiners  to  give  an  undue  proportion  of  elementary  ques- 
tions; questions  on  the  very  rudiments  of  the  subject;  ques- 
tions that  might  be  admissible  for  an  assistants'  examination 
but  which  do  not  serve  to  test  a  candidate's  fitness  for  the 
high  position  of  registered  pharmacist.  For  example:  "Define 
water  as  follows:  Is  it  an  atom,  a  molecule,  or  an  element? 
If  neither,  wliat  is  it?"  Now  practically  any  well-read  per- 
son, even  one  who  had  not  studied  chemistry,  can  answer  that 
question.  And,  from  the  same  set ;  "The  three  great  divisions 
of  the  material  world  are  divided  into  three  kingdoms.  What 
are  they?"  Now  you  can  go  out  on  the  street  and  pick  the 
first  ten  adults  who  come  along,  yes,  you  may  even  include  the 
children,  and  nine  will  answer  that  correctly.  The  tenth  prob- 
ably does  not  understand  English. 

Fifth : — We  find  in  some  instances  what  appears  to  be  a 
lack  of  conception  of  tlie  proper  purpose  or  function  of  the 
examination.  Examiners  seem  to  consider  it  a  sort  of  a  con- 
test between  themselves  and  the  candidates,  the  latter  trying 
to  make  a  grade  of  75  per  cent,  and  the  former  trying  to  pre- 
vent it,  a  sort  of  a  tug  of  war.  Some  boards,  it  is  reputed,  so 
formulate  their  questions  and  mark  their  papers  that  only 
rarely  does  a  candidate  actually  obtain  a  passing  grade,  but 
by  "boosting"  the  grades  all  along  the  line  a  proportion  of  the 
candidates  satisfactory  to  the  board  "get  by."  We,  of  course, 
cannot  prove  this  by  documentary  evidence.  There  seems,  how- 
ever,  to  be  some   foundation  for  the  rumor. 

As  we  understand  it,  the  purpose  of  a  board  as  regards 
examinations  is  to  test  a  candidate's  fitness  to  serve  the  pub- 
lic as  a  retail  and  dispensing  pharmacist,  and  any  effort  of  a 
board  to  regulate  the  number  of  pharmacists  by  examinations 
is  nothittg  short  of  vicious.  The  duty  of  the  board  is  not  to 
the  proprietors  or  clerks  of  a  State,  but  to  the  people  of  the 
commonwealth,  and  when  a  candidate  shows  by  a  proper  ex- 
amination that  he  is  qualified  to  serve  that  public  with  safety 
to  the  people,  he  should  be  granted  his  certificate  absolutely 
regardless  of  supply  or  demand. 

Conclusion 

The  work  before  us  is  not  one  of  days  or  of  months,  but  of 
years — years  of  patient,  untiring,  and  at  times,  perhaps,  of 
thankless  effort.  Do  not  think  that  this  year,  or  next  year, 
or  the  year  after  we  will  have  reached  the  millennium  in  ex- 
amination questions  and  methods  and  that  thereafter  all  we 
will  have  to  do  is  to  "sit  tight"  and  let  the  machine  run  itself. 
It  will  take  constant  aggressive  work  without  let  up  or  relax- 
ation— a  constant  "dinging"  to  accomplish  very  measurable 
results. 


Silver  Cleaning  Soap 

Household  soap  iyi  pounds 

Water    1   gallon 

Dissolve  and  add  aniline  red  to  color.     Next  incorporate  this 
in  a  mill  with — 

Kieselguhr    14  pounds 

Whiting    14  pounds 

Dextrin    8  ounces 

Water    2  pints 

When  thoroughly  mixed,  press  into  cakes  and  dry  in  a  cur- 
rent of  air. 


Utilize  Your  Supply  of  Crude  Drugs 

By  E.   F.   HEFFNEB,  Lock  Haven,  Pa. 

WITH  the  exhaustion  of  our  stock  of  fluidextracts  of 
ipecac,  hydrastis  and  guarana,  purchased  before  the 
present  high  prices,  we  were  confronted  with  the 
necessity  of  soon  replenishing  supplies,  and  so  made  a  sys- 
tematic overhauling  of  our  stock  of  the  crude  drugs — 
powdered,  ground  and  whole— with  die  idea  of  converting 
this  slowly  moving  stock  into  a  form  in  which  it  could  be 
utilized   at   once,    i.e.,    fluidextracts. 

Our  stock  rooms  yielded  enough  odd  lots  of  ground,  whole 
and  powdered  hydrastis  to  make  more  than  two  pounds  of 
fluidextract,  thus  saving  an  investment  of  over  $16.  A  sim- 
ilar result  was  obtained  with  ipecac  and  guarana,  saving  us 
an  outlay  of  more  than  $50  for  fluidextracts  of  these  drugs 
and  enabled  us  to  utilize  a  crude  drug  stock  that  ordinarily 
would  be  carried  for  years  and  one  which  no  doubt  can 
be  replaced  later  at  less  cost  than  at  present. 

Every  druggist  who  has  been  in  business  for  a  number  of 
years  will  find  on  examination  that  his  stock  room  contains 
many  odd  lots  of  drugs  that  are  now  touching  the  sky  in 
price,  and  which  can  be  converted  into  marketable  material 
at  a  comparatively  small  cost.  As  these  drugs  in  crude  form 
are  no  longer  purchased  by  the  public,  the  druggist,  by  using 
them  for  manufacturing  as  suggested,  will  not  only  be  making 
supplies  that  he  needs,  but  he  will  be  converting  into  cash 
what  would  otherwise  remain  as  dead  stock. 

With  fluidextract  of  hydrastis  listed  at  $16  a  pound,  bella- 
donna at  $6,  cardamom  at  $7.50,  guarana  at  $15,  ipecac  at 
$12,  etc.,  it  will  pay  the  druggist  to  go  over  his  stock,  in- 
cluding ounce  packages,  and  see  if  he  does  not  have  enough 
of  the  crude  drugs  to  warrant  making  fluidextracts  from  them 
and  thus  save  paying  the  present  high  prices.  Many  drug- 
gists are  now  paying  $3  and  $4  a  pound  for  fluidextract  of 
belladonna,  %vhile  they  have  pounds  of  belladonna  leaves  and 
root  in  store  that  could  be  turned  into  fluidextracts  without 
any  great  expense. 

The  stock  argument  used  by  the  manufacturers  against  the 
retail  druggist  making  his  own  fluidextracts  is  that  of  the  loss 
in  alcohol,  which  most  retail  druggists  are  not  in  a  position 
to  recover  by  distillation.  As  the  loss  in  making  a  pint  of 
fluidextract  of  hydrastis  (or  any  other  extract)  cannot  amount 
to  more  than  50c,  this  argument  don't  hold  good,  and 
even  this  amount  can  be  saved  if  a  still,  as  it  should  be  in 
all  modern  stores,  is  part  of  the  equipment.  With  ground 
ipecac,  U.S.P.,  selling  at  $2.75  a  pound  and  alcohol  costing 
33c  a  pint,  fluidextract  of  ipecac  of  standard  strength  can  be 
made  for  less  than  $4  a  pound,  including  cost  of  solutions  for 
assay,  in  your  own  laboratory  at  your  odd  moments.  With 
hydrastis  selling  at  $5  a  pound,  the  finished  assayed  ex- 
tract should  not  cost  over  $6  a  pound  as  against  $9.60,  the 
price  you   would  have  to  pay  to  a   pharmaceutical  house. 

Study  the  market  prices  of  crude  drugs  and  the  pharm- 
acopoeia, buy  or  make  the  necessary  test  solutions  and  then 
you   will   be   in   a  position  to  make  more  money   by  saving  it. 

Another  way  to  save  money  is  by  installing  a  tablet  ma- 
chine. Many  druggists  will  tell  you  they  haven't  time  and 
the  few  cents  saved  per  thousand  tablets  is  not  worth  while. 
They  would  be  surprised  to  know  that  on  some  tablets  they 
are  paying  the  manufacturers  over  cost  of  material  a  profit 
of  half  a  cent  on  a  tablet  or  $5  a  thousand.  Take  J4  gr. 
morphine  sulphate  tablets  now  quoted  by  manufacturing 
houses  at  $6  a  thousand,  with  morphine  sulphate  at  $5.30 
an  ounce  the  material  used  in  1,000  tablets  could  not  cost 
more   than  $3. 

If  the  wholesale  druggist  is  satisfied  with  his  profit  on  the 
$3  worth  of  materials,  why  should  a  manufacturer  who  buys 
his  materials  at  least  as  cheaply  as  a  wholesaler  ask  you 
$3  for  making  1,000  tablets,  where  on  1,000  calomel  tablets 
he  is  satisfied  with  10c  profit?  (We  buy  some  tablets  in 
bulk  at  18c  per  thousand).  On  1,000  '/>  gr.  codeine  tablets 
you  are  asked  to  pay  $13.50,  while  with  codeine  sulphate  at 
$7  an  ounce,  the  cost  of  material  would  be  about  $7.85. 
.Allowing  ISc  for  manufacturing  cost,  the  pharmaceutical  house 
on  this  basis  will  have  a  gross  profit  of  ,$5.50  a  thousand 
tablets.  On  many  other  tablets  the  manufacturers'  margin  is 
just  as  large,  so  that  it  will  surely  pay  every  druggist  to 
investigate  tablet-making  for  himself. 


506 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November,  1914 


ORDINANCE  CONFLICTS  WITH  STATE  LAW 


City  May  Not  Bequire  Prescription  For  Sale  of  Nar- 
cotics Permitted  Under  Public  Health  Act 


New    York    City    may    not    require    tlie    written    pre- 
scription  of   a   physician,   dentist   or   veterinarian   for   the 
sale    of    those    domestic    and    proprietary    remedies,    con- 
taining  no   more    tlian    two    grains   of    opium,    one-fouilh 
grain  of  morphine,   one-fourth  grain  of  heroin,   one   grain 
of   codeine   or   ten    grains   of   chloral   or   their   salts,    the 
sale   of   which   is   permitted   witliout   a   perscription   under 
the  Public  Health  I,aw  of  the  State.     The  city  ordinance 
is  in  conflict  with  the  State  Law,  and  must  give  way. 
Such  is  the  opinion  of  .Vttorney-General  James  A.   Parsons, 
of  Albany,  given  in  response  to  an  injuiry  submitted  by  War- 
ren L.  Bradt,  of  the  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  as  to  whether 
the   New   York   City   Board   of  Health   has   the  right   to  make 
and    enforce    ordinance    1S2    which    is    contrary    to    the    State 
law    regulating    the    sale    of   certain    narcotics.      The    principal 
points    in    the     Attorney-General's    conclusions    are    here    set 
forth: 

At  the  last  session  of  the  Legislature  a  statute  was  enacted 
(Ch«p.  363  of  the  Laws  of  1914)  familiarly  called  the  Boylan 
Anti-Habit  Forming  Drug  Law,  which  seeks  by  circumscrib- 
ing the  sale  of  opium,  chloral  and  their  derivatives,  to  protect 
the  health  of  those  addicted  to  their  constant  use.  The  law 
requires  the  written  prescription  of  a  physician,  veterinarian 
or  dentist  before  the  drugs  may  be  delivered  to  an  individual 
by  any  pharmacist,  druggist  or  other  dealer,  except  that  do- 
mestic and  proprietary  remedies  not  containing  more  than  two 
grains  of  opium  or  one-fourth  grain  of  morphine,  or  one- 
fourth  grain  of  heroin  or  one  grain  of  codeine  or  ten  grains 
of  chloral,  or  their  salts,  in  one  fluid  ounce,  or  if  a  solid  prep- 
aration, in  one  avoirdupois  ounce,  may  be  sold  without  a  pre- 
scription, if  in  good  faith  as  medicines,  and  not  for  the  pur- 
pose of  evading  the  statute. 

The  Boylan  Act  became  a  law  April  14,  1914,  and  since 
that  date  the  Board  of  Health  of  the  City  of  New  York,  on 
July  28th,  1914.  has  adopted  an  amendment  to  the  Sanitary 
Code  wherein  the  sale  in  the  City  of  New  York  of  opium, 
morphine  or  their  derivatives,  in  any  amount,  separately  or 
in  compounded  mixtures,  without  the  prescription  of  a  physi- 
cian, veterinarian  or  dentist  is  absolutely  prohibited.  Neither 
the  statute  nor  the  ordinance  applies  to  the  sale  of  such  drugs 
in  liniments,  ointments  or  plasters. 

Can  the  provision  of  the  Sanitar>-  Code,  wherein  it  differs, 
as  noted  above,  from  the  State  Law,  be  given  any  force  or 
effect;  or  in  other  words,  may  the  City  of  New  York  compel 
the  written  prescription  of  a  physician  for  the  sale  of  that 
class  of  domestic  and  proprietary  medicines  which  the  State 
Law  permits  to  be  sold  without  a  prescription? 

Placing  the  State  statute  (§245  of  the  Public  Health  Law) 
and  the  City  Ordinance  (§182  of  the  Sanitary  Code)  in  jux- 
taposition, it  is  apparent  that  both  advance  into  the  same 
field,  the  City  ordinance,  however,  proceeding,  as  an  additional 
protection  to  the  public  health,  to  shut  out  entirely  the  sale 
of  any  quantity  of  the  prohibited  drugs  in  any  medicine 
without  the  prescription  of  a  duly  licensed  physician,  veterin- 
arian or  dentist. 

The  Sanitary  Code  of  the  City  of  New  York,  enacted  by 
the  Board  of  Health  of  that  City,  under  broad  powers  dele- 
gated to  it  to  protect  the  public  health,  has  from  time  to  time 
received  the  approval  of  the  State  Legislature,  and  stands 
within  the  limits  of  the  city  with  authority  equal  to  that  of 
State  statutes.  That  is,  it  so  stands  where  its  provisions  are 
"not  inconsistent  with  the  Constitution  or  laws  of  this  State." 
Section  1172  of  the  Greater  New  York  Charter  provides: 

"§1172.  The  sanitary  code  which  shall  be  in  force  in  the  City 
of  New  York  the  first  day  of  January,  nineteen  hundred  and  two, 
and  all  existing  provisions  of  law  fixing  penalties  for  violation 
of  said  code  are  hereby  declared  to  be  binding  and  in  force  in  the 
City  of  New  York,  and  shall  continue  to  be  so  binding  and  in 
force,  except  as  the  same  may,  from  time  to  time,  be  revised, 
altered,  amended  or  annulled  as  herein  provided.  .  .  .  Said 
Board  of  Health  is  hereby  authorized  and  empowered,  from  time 
to  time,  to  add  to  and  to  alter,  amend  or  annul  any  part  of  the 
said  sanitary  code  and  may  therein  jjublish  additional  provisions 
for  the  security  of  life  and  health  in  The  City  of  New  York, 
and  confer  additional  powers  on  the  department  of  health,  not 
inconsistent  with  the  constitution  or  laws  of  thi:  State,  and  may 
provide  for  the  enforcement  of  the  said  sanit.ii'y  code  by  such 
Snes,  penalties,  forfeitures,  or  imprisonment  as  may  by  ordinance 
be   prescribed.     The    Board  of  Health   may   embrace   in   said   sani- 


tary code  all  matters  and  subjects  to  which,  and  so  far  as,  the 
power  and  authority  of  said  department  of  health  extends,  not 
limiting  their  application  to  the  subject  of  health  only._  Any  vio- 
lation of  said  sanitary  code  sliall  be  treated  and  punished  as  a 
misdemeanor." 

To  be  inconsistent  with  a  State  statute  the  city  ordinance 
must  be  in  real,  not  apparent,  conflict  with  the  State  law; 
otherwise,  both  may  operate  together,  the  one  to  the  advantage 
of  the  Public  Health  generally  throughout  the  State,  and  the 
other  to  tlie  additional  advantage  of  the  public  health  within 
the  City  of  New  York. 

The  Boylan  Law  has  not,  in  my  judgment,  preempted  the 
entire  field  of  regulation  of  the  sale  of  these  drugs,  so  as  to 
preclude  the  City  from  enforcing  additional  or  supplemental 
regulations.  But  since  it  has  expressly  omitted  in  this  instance 
the  regulation  of  sales  without  a  prescription  of  domestic  and 
proprietary  remedies  containing  the  small  amounts  of  opium, 
morphine,  codeine,  and  chloral  specified,  "actually  sold  in  good 
faith  as  medicines,"  I  am  forced  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
statute  lends  sanction  to  such  sales,  and  therefore  the  City  of 
New  York  has  no  power  to  prevent  them.  Not  only  does  the 
statute  prescribe  that  the  provisions  shall  not  apply  to  such 
sales,  that  is,  e.\cept  from  the  operation  of  the  statute,  which 
might  leave  to  the  municipalities  the  matter  of  further  regula- 
tion, but  it  speaks  of  the  lawfulness  of  their  actual  sale  in 
good  faith.  There  can  be  no  division  of  the  field  of  regulation 
here.  The  directions  of  the  legislature  are  so  specific  as  to 
provide  for  the  exact  amounts  which  it  has  deemed  domestic 
and  proprietary  remedies  may  safely  contain,  and  be  sold  un- 
restricted without  injury  to  the  public  health. 

A  city  ordinance  which  denies  the  sale  of  such  preparations 
except  upon  prescription  is  in  clear  conflict  with  the  State 
Law,  is  "inconsistent"  with  it,  and  is  accordingly  beyond  the 
power  delegated  by  the  legislature  to  the  city.  The  legislature 
has  said  that  the  public  health  law  does  not  require  a  pre- 
scription in  the  instances  in  question,  and  New  York  City  is 
without  power  to  say  that  the  Public  Health  law  does  re- 
quire it. 

The  ordinance  of  the  City,  therefore,  in  the  particular  por- 
tion here  considered,  is  without  effect. 


Interstate  Commerce  in  Sale  of  Medicines 

A  IMinnesota  corporation  entered  into  a  contract  with  a 
resident  of  Missouri  whereby  the  former  agreed  to  sell  and 
deliver  to  the  latter  in  Minnesota  or  any  of  its  regular  places 
of  shipment,  certain  medicines  and  extracts,  to  be  paid  for  at 
the  usual  wholesale  prices,  and  to  be  delivered  when  required 
by  the  purchaser.  The  contract  also  required  the  purchaser 
to  make  regular  canvasses  in  a  specified  county  for  the  sale 
of  such  medicines  and  extracts,  and  forbade  him  to  sell  to 
any  others.  All  deliveries  of  medicines  and  extracts  were 
made  without  the  State  of  Missouri.  In  an  action  to  recover 
the  price  of  medicines  and  extracts  delivered  under  the  con- 
tract it  was  held  that,  as  the  plantiff  reserved  no  title  to  the 
property  sold,  and  merely  gave  the  defendant  the  option  of 
returning  it,  the  contract  constituted  "interstate  commerce," 
and  hence  was  not  governed  by  the  Missouri  anti-trust  laws. 
The  plaintiff's  right  to  sue  could  not  therefore  be  defeated 
because,  thougli  a  foreign  corporation,  it  had  not  procured  li- 
cense to  do  business  in  Missouri,  as  required  by  Missouri 
Rev.  St.  1909,  §3040.  (J.  R.  Watkins  Medical  Co.  v.  Hello- 
way,   (Mo.)   168  S.  W.  290.) 


300  READY-TO-USE  ADS  FOR  DRUGGISTS.  By  Charles  L. 
Archbold  and  other  advertising  experts.  56  pages,  paper,  $1. 
The    Spatula    Publishing    Co.,    Boston,    Mass. 

As  noted  above,  this  is  a  collection  of  advertisements  written 
by  Mr.  Archbold  and  other  experts  especially  for  the  use  of 
druggists,  the  ads  being  so  arranged  that  they  may  be  cut  out 
of  the  book  as  needed  and  sent  to  the  local  newspaper  or 
to  the  printer  as  copy  from  which  to  make  counter  slips. 
The  "sample"  ads  outlined  are  very  comprehensive,  and  will 
be  found  to  cover  almost  every  article  the  druggist  will  care 
to  advertise,  and  even  should  he  not  be  able  to  use  them  in 
their  entirety,  he  will  find  in  them  suggestions  that  can  be  well 
and  easily  adapted  to  almost  any  local  advertising  he  w'ould 
attempt  to  do.  Nearly  all  of  the  ads  are  illustrated  by  ap- 
propriate cuts  w'hich  may  or  may  not  be  used  as  the  user 
prefers. 


Weekly  Drug  Markets,  the  market  Edition  of  the  Phar- 
MACEUTic.u,   Er.4,   keeps  you  in  touch  with  all   price  changes. 


November,  1914T 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


or 


Legal  Decisions 


Shipment  of  Intoxicating'  Liquors 
The  Delaware  Hazel  Law  (27  Del.  Laws,  C.  130)  provides 
by  section  5  that  it  shall  not  apply  to  the  shipment  or  de- 
livery to  physicians  or  druggists  of  such  liquors  in  unbroken 
packages  not  exceeding  five  gallons  at  any  one  time.  Section 
6  prohibits  any  person  from  bringing  into  local  option  terri- 
tory any  liquor  greater  than  one  gallon  within  24  hours.  The 
Delaware  Constitution,  art.  13,  §1,  provides  for  an  election 
to  determine  whether  the  sale  of  liquors  in  certain  districts 
shall  be  licensed  or  prohibited,  and  that,  after  a  vote  against 
license,  no  person  shall  thereafter  manufacture  or  sell  liquors 
except  for  medicinal  or  sacramental  purposes.  The  Prescrip- 
tion Act.  (26  Del.  Laws,  c.  147)  requires  all  prescriptions  for 
intoxicating  liquors  for  medicinal  purposes  to  be  written  by 
practicing  physicians.  It  is  held  that,  in  view  of  the  recog- 
nized necessity  of  liquor  as  a  drug,  and  therefore  readily  to  be 
obtained  by  those  authorized  to  prescribe  or  sell  it,  the  dis- 
crimination in  favor  of  physicians  and  druggists  was  reason- 
able, and  that  the  Hazel  Law  did  not  deny  the  equal  pro- 
tection of  the  law. 

The  Webb-Kenyon  Act  (Act  March  1,  1913,  c.  90,  37,  Stat. 
699),  by  its  title  purporting  to  divest  liquor  of  its  interstate 
character  only  "in  certain  cases,"  and  prohibiting  transporta- 
tion of  into.Ticating  liquors  from  one  State  into  another,  to  be 
received,  possessed,  sold  or  used  in  violation  of  any  law  of 
such  state,  does  not  divest  liquor  of  its  interstate  character  in 
all  cases,  but  removes  the  protection  of  the  commerce  clause 
only  when  the  liquor  is  to  be  used  in  violation  of  any  law  of 
the  state.  Therefore  the  Hazel  Law  is  held  to  be  invalid  as 
to  a  shipment  and  deliver)'  of  liquor  from  another  state  into 
a.  prohibition  district  of  the  State  of  Delaware  for  the  receiv- 
er's personal  constunption,  a  purpose  recognized  by  the  act 
itself  to  be  lawful.  But,  though  invalid  as  to  such  a  ship- 
ment, the  act  is  a  valid  enactment  in  so  far  as  it  regulates, 
limits  or  prohibits  the  shipment  of  liquor  from  one  part  of 
the  state  into  a  prohibition  district  in  another  part  of  the 
state.  (\'an  Winkle  v.  State,  Delaware  Supreme  Court,  91 
Atl.   385.) 


Sale  of  Intoxicating  Liquor  by  Druggist 
It  is  held  that,  vmder  Louisiana  Act  Xo.  66  of  1902,  a 
druggist  who,  in  a  prohibition  district,  sold  alcohol  for  medi- 
cinal purposes,  without  a  prescription,  was  properly  convicted. 
Under  this  statute  it  suffices  to  charge  the  offense  in  the  words 
of  the  statute,  and  it  is  not  necessary  to  state  that  the  of- 
fence was  committed  in  a  prohibition  district.  (State  r.  Tullos, 
Louisiana  Supreme  Court,  63  So.  870.) 


Sielling  CJocaine,  Etc.,  Without  Prescription 
Texas  Penal  Code,  1911,  art.  747,  makes  it  unlawful  to  sell, 
furnish,  or  give  away  cocaine  or  morphine,  except  upon  the 
prescription  of  a  physician.  It  excepts  preparations  recom- 
mended in  good  faith  for  cholera,  etc.,  sales  at  wholesale  to 
retail  druggists,  and  to  manufacturers  or  regular  practitioners 
of  medicine.  It  is  held  that  an  indictment  for  unlawfully 
selling,  furnishing,  and  giving  cocaine  and  morphine  to  one 
not  having  a  written  prescription  of  a  physician  was  suffici- 
ent, without  negativing  the  exceptions  as  to  sales  in  good 
faith  for  cholera,  etc.  (Brown  r.  State,  Texas  Criminal  -Ap- 
peals, 168  S.  W.  861.) 


Distinction  Between  "Surety"  and  "Guarantor" 
An  agency  contract  to  sell  medicines  and  e.Ttracts  within 
fixed  territory  required  the  agent  to  canvas  the  territorj',  keep 
a  record  of  all  goods  sold,  and  to  make  reports  of  sales  and 
collections  and  of  all  goods  on  hand,  and  to  pay  wholesale 
prices,  and  at  the  termination  of  the  agreement  to  pay  the 
whole  amoimt  remaining  impaid  and  return  the  goods  on 
hand.  A  separate  instrument  recited  that  the  undersigned 
jointly  and  severally  guaranteed  the  pa\-ment  of  a  specified 
sum  for  medicines,  extracts,  etc.,  in  the  manner  provided  for 
in  the  contract.  This  instrument  was  signed  by  two  obligors 
at   a   place   indicated   by  the   words   "Sureties  sign   here,"   and 


an  added  statement  read :  "The  above  mentioned  sureties  will 
be  furnished,  upon  request,  at  any  time,  a  statement  of  the 
amount  due  the  company,  from  the  party  of  the  second  part." 
In  an  action  against  the  agent  and  the  two  signers  of  the 
instrument  it  was  held  that  the  instrument  created  only  a 
guaranty,  and  the  signers  were  not  sureties. 

Contracts  of  suretyship  and  of  guaranty  have  much  in 
common — the  imdertaking  in  both  is  to  answer  for  the  debt, 
default,  or  miscarriage  of  another.  The  difference  is  that  a 
surety  insures  the  debt,  is  bound  with  his  principal  as  an 
original  promisor,  is  a  debtor  from  the  beginning;  a  guaran- 
tor answers  for  the  debtor's  solvency,  must  make  good  the 
consequences  of  his  principal's  failine  to  pay  or  perform,  is 
boimd  only  in  case  his  principal  is  tmable  to  pay  or  per- 
form. From  this  difference,  one  consequence  of  importance  in 
respect  of  the  procedure  to  be  followed  in  the  enforcement  of 
liability  results.  .\  principal  and  a  surety,  being  equally 
bound,  may  be  joined  in  the  same  suit;  but  a  guarantor,  be- 
ing bound  by  a  separate  contract,  must  be  sued  separately. 
Judgment  for  the  guarantors  was  therefore  affirmed.  (J.  R. 
Watkins  Medical  Co.  f.  Lovelady,  .■\labama  Supreme  Court. 
65  So.  52.) 


Intoxicating  Liquors — Validity  of  Druggist's  License 
— Transportation 
A  civil  action  was  brought  by  a  regularly  licensed  druggist 
and  pharmacist  in  North  Carolina  against  an  express  com- 
pany to  recover  a  stalutorj-  penalty  for  non-delivery  of  goods. 
The  plaintiff"  also  held  a  license  from  the  sheriff  of  the  county 
as  a  retail  liquor  dealer.  He  ordered  six  quarts  of  cognac 
brandy  from  a  firm  in  Tennessee  and  paid  charges  thereon, 
but  delivery  was  refused  by  the  e.xpress  company.  The  plain- 
tiff alleged  that  it  was  his  purpose  to  sell  the  brandy  for 
profit,  but  only  in  the  way  of  filling  prescriptions  in  the  bona 
fide  pursuit  of  his  calling,  and  this  was  well  known  to  the 
defendant's  agent.  It  appeared  that  the  plaintiff  had  not 
applied  for  his  license  to  sell  liquor  to  the  board  of  aldermen 
of  the  town  in  which  he  did  business  nor  to  the  cotmty  com- 
missioners, as  required  by  the  North  Carolina  statute,  but 
had  merely  gone  to  the  sheriff  for  his  privilege  license  tax. 
and  the  sheriff  had  given  him  the  license.  The  exception  in 
the  statute  permitting  the  sale  of  intoxicating  liquor  by  pharm- 
acists on  physicians'  certificates,  as  an  exception  to  the  public 
policy  of  the  State  forbidding  its  manufacture  and  sale,  doei 
not,  by  the  express  terms  of  the  provision,  relieve  druggists 
from  complying  with  the  law  as  to  license  and  taxes.  The 
plaintiff's  license  was  therefore  held  to  be  invalid.  .\s  a  sa!e 
of  liquor  by  him  would  have  been  imlawful,  it  was  held  that 
the  court  would  not  aid  him  in  this  intended  breach  of  the 
criminal  law,  nor  penalize  one  who,  knowing  the  facts,  de- 
clined to  deliver  the  liquor,  in  furtherance  of  his  unlawful 
purpose.  (Smith  v.  Southern  Express  Co.,  North  Carolina 
Supreme  Court,  82  S.  E.  16.) 


Construction  of  Employer's  Liability  Policy 
.\  drug  company's  employer's  liability  policy  stated  that  the 
premium  of  $113.90  placed  therein  was  based  or  estimated 
upon  data  ftmiished  in  the  schedule  as  to  the  amount  of 
compensation  paid  employes,  and,  further,  that  the  premium 
should  be  subject  to  adjustment  if  the  compensation  was  great- 
er or  less  than  the  estimated  sum  stated  in  the  schedule.  The 
compensation  paid  was  in  fact  greater  than  the  amount  so 
estimated.  It  was  held  that  the  $113.90,  the  amount  estimated, 
was  not  conclusive  of  the  amount  of  the  premimn,  and  the 
insurer  could  recover  the  additional  amoimt  shown  to  be  due. 
(Fidelity  &  Casualty  Co.,  of  New  York  r.  T.  W.  Crowdus 
Drug  Co.,  Texas  Civil  Appeals,  166  S.  W.  1186.) 


Cash  Coupons — Illegal  Contracts 
An  offer  by  the  proprietor  of  a  drug  store  to  give  a  piano 
at  the  end  of  a  designated  period  to  any  person  who  shall 
present  to  him  the  largest  amoimt  of  cash  coupons,  represent- 
ing purchases  from  the  drug  store,  is  guilty  of  maintaining 
a  lotter>-,  and  if  he  purchased  the  piano  from  a  dealer  who 
agrees  to  furnish  the  literature  and  advertising  necessary  to 
carry  out  the  scheme,  such  dealer  cannot  recover  the  price  of 
the  piano  and  the  advertising,  inasmuch  as  it  was  an  illegal 
contract  and  therefore  not  enforceable.  (Main  f.  Mackev  3" 
Pa.  Co.  Ct.,  589.) 


50S 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


Antiseptic   Powder  for   the   Skin 

Starch,   in   line  powder 3  pounds  ' 

French  chalk    1  pound 

Towdered  orris  root 4  ounces 

Salicylic  acid    10  grains 

Essence  of  musk   20  minims 

Essence  of   bergamot    30  minims 

Oil  of  neroli    15  minims 

MLt  and  pass  through  a  sieve. 

Antiseptic  Talc 

Powdered   talc    1   pound 

Boric  acid   2  ounces 

Salicylic  acid   ZYz  draras 

Oil  of  eucalyptus    Yz  dram 

Oil  of  thyme,  white 20  drops 

3IL\  well. 

Aromatic  Castor  Oil 

Amyl   acetate    10  minims 

■  Gluside     20  grains 

Absolute  alcohol    1  fl.  ounce 

Castor  oil,    enough   to   make    20  fl.  ounces 

Mix   the   amyl   acetate   and    the    gluside    (soluble   saccharin) 
-with    the   alcohol,   and   set   aside   until   a   clear   solution   is   ob- 
tained,   then  add   the   castor   oil.      This  preparation   should   be 
stored  in  filled  and  well-closed  bottles. 

Curry  Powder 

Mace    1  dram 

Allspice    lJ/2  ounces 

Cumin  seed    Y2  pound 

Turmeric    Yz  pound 

Coriander  seeds   1   pound 

Black   pepper    1  pound 

Reduce  all  to  fine  powder,  and  mix  thoroughly,  passing 
through  a  sieve. 

Vanishing  Cream 

Zinc   stearate    4  ounces 

Precipitated  chalk   4  ounces 

Glycerin    4  ounces 

Water  4  ounces 

Oil  of  rose  geranium  (or  rhodinol  II)  . .  30  minims 
Mix  the  powders  intimately  and  incorporate  with  the  mi.\ed 
glycerin  and  water  by  rubbing  all  together  in  a  mortar,  gradu- 
ally adding  the  perfumes  during  the  operation.     The  prepara- 
tion may  be  tinted  with  carmine  solution,  if  desired. 

Violet  Witch  Hazel 

Liquid  oil  of  orris   1   dram 

Essence  of  jasmine  4  fl.  ounces 

Hamanielis   water    54  ounces 

Mix  and  filter  clear  through  talcum.  The  solution  may  be 
colored  pale  green  with  chlorophyll,  if  desired.  Recommend- 
ed for  use  in  place  of  bay  rum,  especially  for  use  by  barbers 
for  application  after  shaving. 

Liquid  Bandoline 

Irish    moss    2  ounces 

Water    16  ounces 

Boracic  acid   2  drams 

Cologne   water    2  ounces 

Boil  the  Irish  moss  and  boracic  acid  with  the  water,  strain, 
add  water  to  make  14  fl.  ounces,  and  mix  with  the  cologne 
water. 

Sweeping  Compound 

Sawdust,  dry    10  pounds 

Paraffin  oil   'A  pint 

Paraffin    wax    2  ounces 

Coarse  salt    Y2  pound 

Eucalyptus  oil    2  ounces 

Sea  sand   -1  pounds 

Warm  the  paraffin  oil  and  mix  with  the  melted  wax.     Dis- 
-.solve  in  the  mixture  any  aniline  color  desired,    add  the  eucalyp- 
tus   oil    and    saturate    the    sawdust,    finally    incorporating    the 
mixture  with  the  sand. 


Polishing  Paste  for  Windows 

Castile  soap    2  ounces 

Boiling  water    3  ounces 

Dissolve  and  add  the  following  in  fine  powder: 

Precipitated  chalk   4  ounces 

French   chalk    3  ounces 

Tripoli   2  ounces 

Mi.x  thoroughly  and  dilute  to  the  consistency  desired  with 
water. 

Silver  Cleaning  Soap 

Cocoanut   oil    80  parts 

Soda  or  potash  lye,  38°   B 40  parts 

English   red    10  parts 

Water     10  parts 

Ammonium   chloride    1  part 

Heat  the  oil  and  lye  together  until  saponification  takes 
place;  mix  the  coloring  matter,  water  and  ammonium  chloride 
together,  and  stir  into  the  soap  mixture.  Let  the  whole  come 
to  a  boil,  then  remove  from  the  fire. 

Polishing  Cream 

Denatured    alcohol    400  parts 

Spirit   of  ammonia 75  parts 

Water   150  parts 

Petroleum    ether    80  parts 

Infusorial    earth     100  parts 

Red  bole  (or  white  bole) 50  parts 

Calcium   carbonate    100  parts 

Mirbane  oil,  enough  to  scent  the  mixture. 
Mix. 

Furniture    Cream 

Oleate   of   ammonia    2  ounces 

Solution  of  ammonia    2  ounces 

Shellac  varnish    (I    in   8) 6  ounces 

Linseed    oil     6  ounces 

Mix  the  solution  and  oleate,  add  the  shellac,  and  shake 
well ;   then  add   the   linseed   oil  and  shake   thoroughly. 

Furniture  Polish 

Dragon's   blood    J^  ounce 

Oil   of   turpentine    6  ounces 

Linseed  oil   20  ounces 

Hychochloric    acid     1  J/2  ounces 

Powder  the  dragon's  blood  and  shake  well  with  the  turpen- 
tine. After  a  day  strain  into  the  linseed  oil,  and  then  add  the 
hydrochloric  acid. 

Piano   Polish 

Butter   of   antimony    l'/4  ounces 

Alcohol  VYz  ounces 

Raw  linseed  oil    8  ounces 

Cider  vinegar,  enough  to  make 16  ounces 

Mix. 

Liquid  Bluing 

Soft  Prussian   blue    1   ounce 

O.xalic    acid    1   ounce 

Water     1  quart 

Dissolve  the  oxalic  acid  in  the  water,  then  add  the  Prussian 
blue.  A  very  small  portion  suffices  for  a  large  amount  of 
clothing.  This  formula  is  typical  of  most  of  the  preparations 
on  the  market. 

Mixed  Bird  Seed 

Canary  seed,    Sicily 10  ounces 

German  rape  seed   2  ounces 

Hemp  seed    1  ounce 

Millet  seed    3  ounces 

Mix. 

Rheumatic  Elixir 

Potassium   iodide    1  ounce 

Sodium   salicylate    1  ounce 

Wine  of  colchicum   seed 2  ounces 

Simple  elixir,  enough  to  make 16  ounces 

Mix  and  dissolve.     Dose :  a  dessertspoonful. 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


50' 


FOEESGM  AESTEACT 


NEW    RESEARCHES   ABROAD 


No     Definite     Principles     in     Cotton-Root     Bark     and 

Chamomiles — Several  New  Analytical  Methods — 

Uniform  Card  Advertising-  to  Physicians  Needed 

— Grape   Juice   as  a   "Vehicle   and   Solvent 


AMOXG  the  most  important  papers  reviewed  this  month 
are  two  emanating  from  the  Wellcome  laboratory,  deal- 
ing with  recent  examinations  of  cotton-root  bark  and 
chamomile  flowers.  No  definite  substance  to  which  a  medi- 
cinal action  could  be  ascribed  was  found  in  either.  New 
methods  of  estimating  tragacanth,  petroleum  derivatives  in 
turpentine,  glucose  in  urine,  berberine,  and  terpenes  in  lemon 
oil  are  given.  A  novel  suggestion  from  a  Swiss  physician 
points  out  the  advantage  of  having  pharmaceutical  houses 
send  out  their  advertising  literature  to  physicians  on  cards  of 
uniform  size,  so  that  valuable  information  contained  thereon 
may  be  filed  in  a  card  index  for  future  use.  Another  abstract 
shows  some  unexpected  properties  of  concentrated  grape  juice, 
which  appears  to  possess  remarkable  solvent  powers  for  cer- 
tain drug  products.  The  properties  of  mercury  benzoate  in 
solution,  especially  in  connection  with  sodium  chloride,  are 
discussed.  An  interesting  paper  draws  attention  to  the  pos- 
sible reason  for  certain  contradictory  statements  recently  made 
regarding  the  properties  of  homeopathic  triturations  of  radio- 
active bodies. 

Examination  of  Cotton-Root  Bark — 

This  drug  is  official  in  the  U.S.  P.  and  the  Indian  and  Col- 
onial additions  of  the  B.P.,  its  use  being  based  on  its  re- 
puted value  as  an  emmenagogue  and  hemostatic.  The  lack 
of  chemical  knowledge  concerning  it  led  Power  and  Browning 
to  make  a  closer  study.  About  21  kg.  of  the  bark  furnished 
3.07  kg.  of  a  viscid,  dark  red  alcoholic  extract,  yielding  a 
small  amount  of  a  pale  yellow  essential  oil,  which  gave  the 
color  reaction  of  furfural,  and  appeared  to  contain  a  little 
acetovanillone.  From  the  aqueous  liquid  remaining  after  the 
distillation  were  obtained  the  following:  A  new  phenolic 
substance,  consisting  of  a  dihydric  alcohol,  CsH,„03,  in  too 
small  amount  to  be  fully  investigated;  a  yellow  phenolic  sub- 
stance, also  a  dihydric  alcohol,  QsHijOj;  a  sugar  giving 
d-phenylglucosazone,  and  betaine  to  the  extent  of  0.18  per 
cent,  of  the  bark.  The  resin  was  fractionated  by  extraction 
with  various  solvents.  From  the  petroleum  extract,  a  fatty 
alcohol,  CjoHj,0,  was  isolated,  which  may  be  identical  with 
the  medicagol  of  Etard,  found  in  1892.  A  phytosterol  was 
also  found,  as  well  as  the  hydrocarbon  triacontane,  oleic  acid, 
palmitic  acid,  and  more  sugar.  No  alkaloid  was  present,  and 
no  tannin.  (Power  and  Browning,  Pharm.  J.,  1914,  p.  420.) 
Alkaloids  of  Papaver  Orientale — 

Gadamer  reports  that  among  the  amorphous  alkaloids  of 
Papaver  Orientale,  in  addition  to  thebaine  and  isothebaine, 
at  least  two  bases  of  non-phenolic  character  are  present,  and 
probably  not  less  than  three  others  with  phenolic  properties. 
They  are  under  further  investigation.  (Gadamer,  .\rch. 
Pharm..  1914.  through  Pharm.  J.) 
Substitute   for  Varnishing  Neg-atives — 

A  solution  is  used  containing  alum  2  oz.,  tannic  acid  60 
grains,  and  water  16  oz.  The  negative  should  be  immersed 
in  this  solution  for  not  more  than  4  minutes;  if  soaked  longer, 
the  film  is  liable  to  become  so  hard  that  it  tends  to  crack 
and  split  at  the  edges.  The  solution  can  be  used  repeatedly, 
and  will  be  found  to  serve  the  purpose  of  a  waterproof 
varnish.  The  hardened  film  is  so  impermeable  that  water 
spilt  on  it  can  be  wiped  off  with  a  cloth  Without  marring 
the  gelatin.  (Brit.  J.  Phot.,  1914,  p.  713;  through  Pharm. 
J.) 
Estimation  of  Concentrated  Lemon   Oils — 

The  amount  of  terpenes  and  sesquiterpenes  left  in  a  con- 
centrated lemon  oil  is  found  as  follows:  Ten  to  twenty  c.c. 
of  the  oil  are  treated  in  a  flask  with  a  saturated  solution  of 
sodium  sulphite  to  determine  the  percentage  of  citral.  Five 
c.c.  of  the  citral-free  oil  are  shaken  in  a  large  separatory  fun- 
nel with  500  c.c.  of  alcohol  cooled  to  about  zero.     The  funnel 


is  placed  inverted  in  a  freezing  mixture  for  10  hours  at 
zero,  then  hung  in  a  stand  until  the  alcohol  layer  becomes 
clear,  which  may  require  2  days.  The  alcoholic  solution, 
which  contains  the  ozygenated  constituents,  is  drawn  off,  and 
the  residual  hydrocarbons  drawn  off  into  a  measuring  glass. 
Drops  of  oil  left  in  the  funnel  are  washed  into  the  glass  with 
alcohol,  and  the  volume  of  oil  is  measured.  (E.  Sachsse  &- 
Co.,  Perf.  Essent.  Oil  Record,  1914,  p.  262;  through  C.  A.) 

Grape  Juice  As  Food  and  Medicine — 

Monti,  of  Turin,  has  brought  out  a  process  for  concentrat- 
ing grape  juice  by  freezing,  which  causes  it  to  separate  into, 
ice,  and  a  portion  which  is  about  three  or  four  times  as  heavy 
as  the  original  juice.  To  the  hea\'y  portion  is  then  added  an 
aqueous  extract  of  the  grape  residues,  which  contains  tartaric 
acid  and  tannin,  and  whidi  improves  the  taste,  the  latter  be- 
coming pleasantly  sour.  To  quench  thirst  the  concentrated 
juice  may  be  given  to  patients  diluted  with  tliree  or  four 
volumes  of  water.  A  grape  honey  is  formed  by  evaporating  the 
juice  at  low  temperature  and  pressure.  This  honey  can  be 
eaten  on  bread,  or  mixed  with  water  as  a  drink.  It  has  the 
remarkable  power  of  dissolving  albumen,  casein,  fibrin,  and' 
resins,  and  can  be  used  like  alcohol  in  the  preparation  of  tinc- 
tures of  rhubarb,  gentian,  ipecac,  colchicum,  etc.  The  solu- 
tions of  meat,  eggs,  and  milk  are  perfectly  clear  and  keep 
indefinitely.  Thus  is  afforded  a  means  of  giving  in  solution 
large  amounts  of  food  rich  in  albumen.  The  taste  is  ver^' 
good.  (Bender.  MUnch.  Med.  Wochschr.,  1914,  p.  424.) 
Varieties  of  Shellac — 

T.  N.,  the  standard  grade  of  shellac,  comprises  about  60  per 
cent,  of  the  yearly  production.  The  letters  stand  for  "truly 
native."  The  color  is  dark,  but  the  low  price  gives  it  a  large 
sale.  M.  G.  shellac,  in  consequence  of  the  addition  of  orpi- 
ment,  has  a  lighter  color  ("medium  grades"  of  orange).  H.  G. 
shellac  forms  the  "high  grades",  of  a  fine  orange  color,  and 
made  from  the  Palas  tree,  without  addition  of  orpiment,  or 
very  little.  It  is  used  for  the  finest  furniture  polishes,  for 
picture  frames,  etc.  Garnet  shellac  contains  part  of  the  color- 
ing matter  of  the  lac,  and  is  much  used  in  hat  manufacture 
and  in  making  shoe  polish,  either  pure  or  with  10  per  cent,  of 
rosin.  Button  lac  takes  its  name  from  its  form;  it  resembles 
the  orange  lac,  but  contains  more  wax.  Tongue  lac  is  the 
same  as  button  lac,  but  in  a  different  form.  The  raw  material, 
or  "stick  lac,"  is  taken  from  the  twigs  of  the  lac  tree,  and 
contains  pigment.  Grain  lac  is  like  the  former,  but  is  granu- 
lated and  washed,  being  partly  freed  from  pigment.  Kala, 
another  name  for  a  variety  of  button  lac,  is  made  from  the 
residues  of  other  grades,  and  contains  some  rosin.  Bleached 
lac  is  an  orange  grade  treated  with  chlorine.  (Oil  and  Color 
Trades  J.,  1914.) 
Uniform  Advertising  to  Physicians — 

Roch,  of  Geneva,  discusses  the  usual  fate  of  the  advertis- 
ing literature  sent  to  physicians  extolling  the  merits  of  new 
remedies.  First,  all  of  such  material  received  may  be  thro«Ti 
into  the  waste-paper  basket,  which  after  a  long  absence  may 
not  be  a  light  task.  Or,  any  one  remedy  may  be  selected  and 
tested,  to  the  great  detriment  of  the  patient's  health  and  in- 
variably of  his  pocket-book.  Lastly,  from  the  long  list  a  few 
of  the  more  serious-sounding  offers  may  be  selected,  and  ar- 
ranged in  order,  so  as  to  be  found  when  needed.  But  this 
consumes  much  time.  In  order  to  make  the  advertising  ma- 
terial of  practical  value  to  the  physician,  Roch  proposes  that 
all  such  matter  be  printed  on  cards  the  size  of  the  Swiss 
postal  card,  9  by  14  cm.,  and  that  on  the  front  only  objective 
facts,  which  are  not  open  to  question  shall  be  printed,  such  as 
chemical  composition,  name,  maker,  dose,  price,  etc.  The 
back  of  the  card  can  be  used  for  literature  references.  The 
cards  can  then  easily  be  assembled  in  a  valuable  index.  (Roch, 
Corr.-B!att  f.  Schweiz.  .^erzte.,  1914,  p.  882.) 
Homeopathy  and  Radioactivity — 

Bailey,  in  Chicago,  is  said  to  have  found  that  the  twelfth 
trituration  of  radioactive  materials  produces  greater  effects  on 
the  sensitive  plate  than  the  sixth.  According  to  Boericke  anti 
Tafel,  of  Philadelphia,  even  the  sixtieth  decimal  trituration  o 
radium    shows    the    presence    of   radium    on    the    photographic- 


.10 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


plate.  Scheringa  asks  whether,  on  the  basis  of  these  state- 
ments, it  must  be  asstimed  that  the  radiations  of  the  tritura- 
ticms  from  the  sL\th  decimal  upward  are  stronger,  which 
would  have  to  be  the  case  if  the  twelfth  is  stronger  than  the 
sixth,  since  the  amount  of  radium  in  1  g.  of  D6  must  be 
1,000.000  times  as  great  as  in  D12.  If  this  is  so,  why  has 
not  Professor  Bailey  had  this  new  method  of  obtaining  metals 
patented?  Scheringa  made  the  following  tests:  He  prepared 
the  Dl,  D2,  and  D3  triturations  of  uranium  nitrate,  and 
placed  0.5  g.  of  each  in  parchment  paper,  spread  over  a  few 
square  centimeters  of  surface.  These  packeu  were  laid  on  a 
sensitive  plate  for  some  days.  Dl  gave  a  dark  spot,  D2  a 
faint  one,  and  D3  showed  no  action,  as  was  to  have  been 
expected.  He  e-\T)lains  Bailey's  observation  by  the  fact  that, 
since  D6  and  Dl2  practically  contain  none  of  the  original  sub- 
stance, the  activity  must  come  from  the  milk  sugar,  which 
might  have  gained  in  activity  from  long  contact  with  the 
mortar.  He  proved  this  by  pbcing  a  mortar  and  a  box  of 
milk  sugar  on  a  sensitive  plate,  .\fter  three  weeks  the  place 
where  the  mortar  had  stood  was  darkened,  and  the  rim  of 
the  box  could  also  be  made  out,  showing  some  radioactivity 
in  each.  That  some  radium  can  be  demonstrated  in  D60  is 
not  to  be  wondered  at,  but  that  it  comes  from  the  original  sub- 
stance may  well  be  doubted.  The  mortar  could  easily  be 
activated  by  the  emanation.  (Scheringa,  Pharm.  Weekblad. 
'.91?,  p.   1257.) 

Berberine  and  Its  Estimation — 

Richter  recommends  the  use  of  picrolonic  acid  for  determin- 
ing berberine  in  its  drugs  and  preparations.  Two  and  one- 
half  g.  of  the  coarsely  powdered  drug  are  e.xhausted  in  a 
Soxhlet  with  alcohol,  and  the  extract  evaporated  on  the  water 
bath.  The  residue  is  washed  into  a  flask  with  three  portions 
of  5  c.c.  of  water,  treated  with  10  c.c.  of  15  per  cent,  caustic 
soda,  and  60  g.  of  ether,  after  which  the  flask  is  shaken  for 
15  minutes,  and  1  g.  of  tragacanth  is  added,  .\fter  the  solu- 
tion is  clear,  filter  off  24  g.  of  the  yellow  ethereal  solution, 
and  add  5  c.c.  of  an  appro.Yimately  tenth-normal  solution  of 
picrolonic  acid.  The  resulting  precipitate  is  collected  on  a 
Gooch,  washed  with  a  little  mLsed  alcohol  and  ether,  dried 
and  weighed.  The  weight  obtained,  multiplied  bv  56.1,  gives 
directly  the  percentage  of  berberine  in  the  drug.  (Richter, 
.'irch.  Pharm.,  1914,  p.  192.) 

Determination  of  Petroleum  Oils  in  Turpentine — 

.According  to  Grimaldi  and  Prussia,  all  turpentines,  since 
they  consist  largely  of  pinene,  are  attacked  bv  mercuri-  acetate 
solution,  while  tar  deriratives,  as  benzene,  toluene,  and  .xylene, 
are  not  affected.  In  a  500-c.c.  flask,  the  neck  of  which'  con- 
tains about  10  c.c,  and  is  divided  into  fifths,  bring  75  g. 
of  noercuiy-  acetate,  200  c.c.  of  water,  100  c.c.  of  glacial  acetic 
acid,  and  10  c.c.  of  the  turpentine  tmder  examination.  At- 
tadi  a  vertical  condenser,  place  the  flask  in  a  water  bath  of 
80  ,  and  leave  it  there  for  2  hours,  shaking  occasionallv.  Cool, 
and  add  dilute  nitric  acid  (2  parts  of  strong  acid  to  1  of 
water)  in  drops,  until  the  flask  is  filled  to  the  zero  of  the 
scale  on  the  neck.  After  standing  a  short  time,  the  volume 
of  unchanged  oils  is  read  off  on  the  neck.  Pure  turpentines 
give  a  homogeneous  solution  at  the  end  of  the  operation,  with 
no  oil  drops  of  any  kind.  The  smallest  amount  of  benzene 
which  can  be  detected  is  from  6  to  12  per  cent.,  while  10 
per  cent,  of  petroleum  oils  can  be  found.  (Chem  Zt"  1914 
p.  1001.) 

Constituents  of  Chamomile  Flowers — 

Power  and  Browning  have  investigated  the  heads  of  Belgian 
flowers.  Steam  distillation  yields  an  essential  oil.  The  fol- 
lowing definite  compounds  were  isolated:  3 :4-dihydro.xy-cin- 
Tiamic  acid,  apigenin,  a  glucoside  of  apigenin,  choline,  inactive 
inosite.  the^ hydrocarbon  triacontane,  taraxasterol,  and  a  phvto- 
sterolin.  There  was  also  found  a  mixture  of  fatty  acids,  con- 
taining stearic,  oleic  cerotic,  palmitic  and  linoleic  acids.  A 
-Jgar  was  also  present.  The  bitter  taste  is  apparently  not  due 
:  i  any  definite  substances,  but  to  dark  colored  amorphous  ma- 
:rial.  (Chem.  Drug..  1914.  p.  376.) 
Substitute  for  Celluloid' — 

A.  von  S.  Szobyski,  ^■ienna,  has  recently  patented  an  im- 
roved  process  for  the  manufacture  of  a  substitute  for  cellu- 
loid. It  consists  in  allowing  200  g.  of  glue  or  gelatin  to  be- 
come saturated  with  water,  and  therr  dissohnng  them  by  the 
aid  of  heat  until  a  thickish  mass  is  obtained,  into  which  30 
?.  of  casein  and  30  g.  o^  sodium  silicate  are  stirred.  The 
mixture,  which  may  be  colored  with  any  suitable  transparent 
co'oring  material,  is  poured  in  layers  on  level  sheets  of  glass. 


where  it  is  allowed  to  dry.  .\fter  drying  is  complete,  the 
sheets  are  brought  into  a  suitable  hardening  bath,  such  as 
tannin,  alum,  or  chrome  alum.  Even  before  drying  the  mass 
becomes  impermeable  to  water,  and  when  completely  dry  is 
transparent,  flexible,  and  entirely  incombustible.  (This  sub- 
stance is  not  properly  a  substitute  for  celluloid,  as  it  must 
lack  the  plasticity  which  is  the  distinguishing  feature  of  the 
latter,  and  might  better  be  classed  with  galalith,  etc. — Ed.} 
(British  Patent  No.  1223  of  1914.) 

Mercuric  Benzoate — 

This  salt  is  official  in  the  French  Pharmacopoeia,  and  has 
been  recommended  as  most  suitable  for  hypodermic  injection. 
The  fact  that  it  is  a  normal  salt  makes  it  difficult  to  see  why 
it  should  not  be  readily  ionized  in  solution,  whereas  the  su- 
periority of  the  salicylate,  which  is  really  an  inner  anhydride, 
would  be  easily  comprehended.  The  method  of  preparation 
used  by  the  French  Codex  is  most  suitable;  namely,  the  pre- 
cipitation of  a  mercuric  salt  by  sodium  benzoate.  But  the 
product  cannot  be  recrystallized  from  water,  on  account  of  its 
low  solubility,  1  in  230,  and  the  partial  hydrolysis.  When 
sodium  chloride  is  used  to  dissolve  it,  decomposition  occurs, 
and  mercuric  chloride  is  formed,  and  can  be  shaken  out  with 
ether.  A  solution  commonly  vised,  containing  1  g.  mercuric 
benzoate,  0.75  g.  sodium  chloride,  and  100  g.  of  water,  is 
identical  with  one  prepared  from  mercuric  chloride  0.59,  sodi- 
um benzoate.  0.72,  sodium  chloride  0.5,  and  water  100  g.  The 
increased  solubility  in  the  presence  of  ammonitun  benzoate  is 
due  to  the  formation  of  a  complex  salt.  The  effect  of  mer- 
curic benzoate  on  albumen  is  exactly  the  same  as  that  of  a 
solution  of  mercuric  chloride  with  the  same  amount  of  sodium 
chloride,  and  if  sufficient  of  the  latter  is  present,  no  albumen 
is  thrown  down.  (Rupp  and  Hermann,  .Arch.  Pharm..  1914, 
Heft  252,  p.  3.) 

Estimation  of  Tragacanth — 

Fromme  has  elaborated  the  following  method,  depending  on 
the  solubility  of  acacia  and  other  adulterants  in  cuoxam,  an 
aramoniacal  solution  of  copper  oxide.  Variable  results  are 
obtained,  and  the  test  is  useful  only  for  approximate  evalu- 
ations. Two  g.  of  purified  sand  are  placed  in  a  strong  test 
tube  16  by  150  mm.  in  size,  with  0.1  g.  of  the  powdered 
tragacanth  to  be  tested,  and  both  are  well  mixed  by  shaking. 
.\dd  1  c.c.  of  alcohol,  5  c.c.  of  water,  and  20  c.c.  of  cuoxam. 
Shake  well  and  set  aside  for  several  hours.  Make  a  similar 
te.st  with  powdered  tragacanth  of  known  purity.  By  compar- 
ing the  height  of  the  deposits  in  both  tubes,  the  percentage  of 
real  tragacanth  in  the  sample  can  be  roughly  judged. 
(Fromme,  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  617.) 

Use  of  Ossein  as  a  Food — 

In  1870,  Fremy  called  attention  to  the  value  of  ossein  as  a 
food.  Shortly  afterward,  it  was  prepared  from  slaughter- 
house bones,  and  issued  as  a  ration  during  the  siege  of  Paris, 
with  very'  satisfactory  results.  It  now  appears  to  have  fallen 
into  disuse,  although  it  contains  just  four  times  the  nourish- 
ment of  fresh  meat.  The  amovmt  to  be  taken  daily  is  from 
50  to  100  g.  To  obtain  it,  bones  are  decalcified  by  hydrochloric 
acid,  then  removed  from  the  acid  and  neutralized  with  soda. 
The  residue  is  then  cooked,  dried  and  granulated.  In  this 
form  it  is  immediately  ready  for  use,  first  being  moistened 
for  an  instant  with  any  liquid.  The  best  way  to  prepare  it 
is  to  soak  it  in  water  for  12  hours,  in  which  time  it  swells. 
Then  it  is  washed  with  water,  and  boiled  in  water  for  10 
minutes.  .After  cooling  any  particles  of  bone  are  removed  by 
picking.  The  pieces  are  then  minced,  and  dried  in  a  current 
of  air  at  a  temperature  not  exceeding  30°  C.  The  product  is 
then  powdered  coarsely,  and  may  be  used  in  any  soup  or 
broth,  (ilaurie.  Compt.  rend.,  1914,  p.  450;  through  Pharm. 
T.) 
Simple  Test  for  Glucose  in  TJrine — 

Measure  10  c.c.  of  the  urine  into  a  200-c.c.  flask,  and  make 
up  to  the  full  volume  with  water.  Make  up  a  solution  of 
potassium  carbonate,  2  oz.  in  6  oz.  of  distilled  water,  filter, 
and  add  water  to  make  8  oz.  To  20  c.c  of  the  diluted  tirine. 
add  10  c.c  of  the  potassium  carbonate  solution  in  a  small 
flask,  boil  carefully  for  three  minutes,  cool,  and  dilute  to  50 
or  100  c.c.  with  water.  Prepare  a  solution  of  pure  glucose, 
containing  1  g.  in  200  c.c.  of  water.  Treat  20  c.c.  of  this 
solution  in  the  same  manner  as  the  diluted  urine.  By  ob- 
serving the  tints  of  the  two  solutions  in  glass  tubes,  and 
measuring  the  depth  of  layers  of  equal  color,  the  percentage  of 
glucose  in  the  diabetic  urine  is  readily  determined.  (Dim- 
mock,  Brit.  Med.  J.,   1914,  p.  399.) 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


511 


I 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  irescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANON\-MOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department   from   non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if   not    out    of    print,    may    be    obtained    for    25    cents    each. 

Interpretation    of   Prescription    Abbreviations 

(R.  V.  McL.) — "Will  you  please  explain  the  meaning  of 
the  abbreviations  'A.  C  and  'B.  C  as  used  by  physicians 
in  writing  directions  for  prescriptions?" 

Any  opinion  expressed  on  the  interpretation  of  the  above 
abbreviations  should  be  based  upon  the  manner  in  which  they 
are  employed  by  the  physician  in  connection  with  the  rest 
•of  the  directions.  As  you  have  not  submitted  a  copy  of  the 
prescription  in  which  they  were  employed,  an  answer  to  your 
•query  is  somewhat  problematical,  but  it  is  quite  probable  that 
■'A.  C."  stands  for  ante  cibum,  meaning  "before  eating,"  a 
very  common  phrase  used  by  physicians  in  abbreviated  form. 
As  to  the  other  part  of  your  query,  we  cannot  recall  any  com- 
mon I^tin  phrase  in  abbreviated  form  used  in  prescription 
writing  that  begins  or  is  represented  by  the  letters  "B.  C." 
To  interpret  these  one  should  have  a  copy  of  the  prescription 
in  which  they  appear.  It  is  possible,  however,  that  a  mis- 
taice  may  have  been  made  in  transcribing,  and  that  the  ab- 
breviated letters  should  be  "P.  C."  instead  of  "B.  C,"  thus 
standing  for  post  cibum,  the  Latin  equivalent  for  "after  eat- 
ing," a  phrase  that  is  also  frequently  used  by  prescribers.  In 
order  to  suggest  a  reasonable  interpretation  we  should  have 
the  complete  prescription,  and  if  you  will  send  us  a  copy, 
we  shall  endeavor  to  help  you  out  of  your  difficulty.  For  a 
very  complete  list  of  Latin  words  and  phrases  used  in  pre- 
scription writing,  with  their  corresponding  contractions  and 
English  equivalents,  we  would  refer  you  to  the  last  edition 
of  the  Era  Dose  Book,  pages  44  to  49  inclusive. 

Detection  of  Preservatives  in  Milk 

(M.  L.  T.) — The  following  are  the  most  usual  tests  recom- 
mended for  the  detection  of  boron  compounds  and  formalde- 
hyde in   milk ; 

Take  20  c.c.  of  milk,  add  10  c.c.  of  lime  water,  place  in  a 
porcelain  dish,  and  evaporate  to  dryness.  Bum  the  residue 
(in  a  fume  closet)  at  as  low  a  temperature  as  possible.  Cool 
the  residue,  moisten  with  strong  sulphuric  acid,  add  alcohol, 
and  stir  well.  Heat  gently  and  apply  a  flame  to  the  alcohol 
vapor — this  will  bum  with  a  green  color  at  the  edges  of  the 
flame  if  boric  acid  or  borax  has  been  added  to  the  milk. 

Or,  the  ash  of  20  c.c.  of  the  suspected  sample  may  be  mois- 
tened with  dilute  hydrochloric  acid  and  a  piece  of  turmeric 
paper  placed  in  the  dish.  Remove  the  paper  and  gently  dry- 
it  ;  if  the  milk  contained  boric  acid,  the  paper  will  turn  a  red- 
dish-brown color,  and  if  then  treated  with  sodium  carbonate 
solution,  will  become  bluish-black  in  color. 

Formaldehyde  can  be  detected  as  follows:  Take  one-third 
of  a  test-tubeful  of  milk,  add  an  equal  volume  of  water,  then 
add,  drop  by  drop,  down  the  side  of  the  test-tube,  strong  nnl- 
phuric  acid  containing  a  very  small  amount  of  ferric  chlorid; 
If  formaldehyde  is  present  a  violet  ring  will  be  formed  at  the 
junction  of  the  liquids.  In  the  absence  of  formaldehyde  a 
slight  green  or  brown  tint  only  will  be  noticed.  If  the  amount 
of  formaldehyde  is  very  small  the  color  may  take  half  an  ho'.ir 
to  develop. 

Salicylic  acid  may  be  detected  as  follows:  Acidify  23  c.c. 
of  milk  with  acetic  acid,  boil,  and  filter.  Extract  the  filtrate 
with  an  equal  volume  of  ether.  Shake  the  ether  extract  with 
a  dilute  (straw-colored)  solution  of  ferric  chloride.  On  sep- 
arating, the  aqueous  solution  shows  a  reddish-violet  color 
when  salicylic  acid  is  present. 

Benzoic  acid  is  detected  by  proceeding  as  in  the  foregoing 
test,  but  shake  the  filtrate  with  an  equal  volume  of  solution  of 
hydrogen  dioxide  before  extracting  with  ether.  By  this  treat- 
ment benzoic  acid  is  converted  into  salicylic  acid,  which  is 
then  tested  for  by  ferric  chloride. 


According  to  Wiley  ("Foods  and  Their  Adulteration"), 
there  is  very  little  adulteration  of  milk  with  chemical  preserva- 
tives in  the  United  States,  the  laws  of  all  the  States  forbidding 
the  use  of  boron  compounds  and  formaldehyde  for  this  pur- 
pose. According  to  the  same  authority,  sodium  benzoate  may 
be  used,  provided  its  presence  and  the  amount  employed  bo 
stated  on  the  label,  but  this  substance  is  a  poor  preservati\e 
of  milk,  since  milk  is  an  alkaline  body,  and  as  such  it  does 
not  tend  to  decompose  the  sodium  benzoate  and  set  the  ben- 
zoic acid  free,  and  it  is  only  the  free  benzoic  acid  which  is 
very  active  as  a  preserving  agent. 

Dose  of  Croton  Oil  for  Cattle 

(R.  D.  C.) — "We  are  having  some  controversy  as  to  the 
dose  of  croton  oil  which  we  notice  is  given  in  your  Dose 
Book  as  3  drams  for  cattle.  We  are  told  by  some  druggis's 
that  this  dose  will  kill  anything.  Kindly  give  us  some  refer- 
ence and  authorities  showing  if  as  much  as  3  drams  can  be 
given?" 

The  Era  Dose  Book  gives  the  range  of  dosage  for  croton 
oil  for  cattle  as  from  J4  to  3  drams,  but  recent  veterinary 
medical  literature  seems  to  indicate  that  the  maximum  dose 
should  not  be  more  than  1  dram,  and  the  statement  of  dos- 
age should  be  corrected  accordingly.  Dun  ("Veterinary  Medi- 
cines") has  this  to  say:  "For  horses,  croton  oil  is  too  riolent 
and  irritating  for  safe  and  general  use;  dose,  15  to  25  min- 
ims. For  cattle,  it  is  sometimes  valuable,  operating  with  cer- 
tainty when  most  other  purgatives  are  ineffectual,  and,  if 
carefully  used,  is  rarely  attended  with  evil  consequences,  dose, 
yi  to  1  Q.  dram.  In  obstinate  constipation  or  torpidity  of  the 
bowels  among  cattle,  half  doses  are  given,  with  20  or  30  grains 
of  calomel,  a  pound  of  salts,  or  a  pint  of  linseed  oil ;  and  fev.' 
purgative  mixtures  are  more  effectual.  The  oil  is  best  ad- 
ministered made  into  a  bolus  with  linseed  meal,  or  dissolved 
in  castor  or  linseed  oil  or  mucilage.  The  oil  is  sometimes 
dropped  on  the  tongue,  but  unless  freely  diluted,  is  apt  to 
irritate  both  tongue  and  fauces." 

Hassloch  ("Veterinary  Materia  Medica  and  Therapeutics") 
agrees  with  the  foregoing  as  to  dosage,  stating  that  the  oil 
"is  a  drastic  purgative,  producing  copious  watery  evacuations. 
It  is  somewhat  too  irritant  for  general  use  on  the  horse,  and 
is  more  often  employed  in  cattle  practice,  since  it  acts  quicker 
than  aloes.  Large  doses  act  as  corrosive  poison.  On  the 
dog  and  pig  its  purgative  qualities  are  not  accompanied  by  as 
much  irritation  as  with  the  horse." 

Users  of  the  Era  Dose  Book  should  correct  the  statement  of 
dosage  of  croton  oil  for  cattle  (page  29,  line  12  from  bottom) 
to  read  "y^  to  1  dr.",  instead  of  "J/2  to  3  dr."  as  now  given. 

Oleum   Cinereum   Benzoatum 
(G.    F.) — This    is   a    modification    of    "oleum    cinereum"    of 
German    origin,    and    recommended    by    Dr.    Neisser    in    the 
treatment  of  syphilis.     From  our  scrap  book  we  take  the  fol- 
lowing formula  and  method   of  preparation; 

Oil  of  sweet  almond    1  part 

Benzoin    4  parts 

Sulphuric    ether    8  parts 

Mix,  dissolve,  and  filter.  Of  this  solution  mix  1  part  with 
4  parts  of  metallic  mercury,  and  rub  together  until  the  ether 
disappears  by  evaporation.  Then  add  40  parts  of  liquid  para- 
ffin, and  continue  rubbing  until  the  mercury  is  thoroughly 
incorporated. 

The  more  common  formula  for  "oleum  cinereum"  (also 
known  as  "grey  oil")  is  that  of  the  British  Pharmaceutical 
Codex,   which  is  as  follows : 

Mercury     40  grams 

Wool    fat     26  grams 

Liquid  paraffin,  enough  to  make  100  c.c. 
Sterilize  the  wool  fat  and  liquid  paraffin  by  heating  to 
120°  C,  maintaining  that  temperature  for  twenty  minutes; 
then  place  the  mercury  and  wool  fat  in  a  mortar,  sterilized 
by  rinsing  it  with  alcohol  and  burning  off,  triturate  until  a 
homogeneous  mixture  is  obtained,  and  add  the  liquid  par- 
affin   gradually   until    the   product   measures   the    required   vol- 


512 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November,  1914 


ume.  Grey  oil  is  applied  by  intramuscular  injection  (1  to  2 
minims),  preferably  in  the  gluteal  region,  the  injection  be- 
ing given  about  once  weekly.     It  should  be  used  with  caution. 


an  effort  should  be  made  to  remove  the  cause  of  the  blotches, 
and  our  advice  would  be  for  you  to  consult  a  reputable 
physician. 


Preservation  of  Medicinal  Boots 
(H.  H.  M.  &  L.  C.) — We  know  of  no  one  book  conforming 
t*  the  specifications  you  outline  descriptive  of  medicinal 
plants.  There  are  large  works  on  botany  like  those  of  Britton 
b  Brown  (3  volumes,  publislied  by  Charles  Scribner's  Sons, 
this  city,  at  $9)  which  give  a  description  of  plants  with  il- 
lustrations, but  the  authors  approach  their  subject  only  from 
the  direction  of  botany,  and  say  nothing  about  the  medicinal 
value  or  commercial  importance  of  medicinal  plants.  The 
various  dispensatories  give  good  information  as  to  medicinal 
uses,  but  they  are  also  silent  on  commercial  values,  and  also 
much  abbreviated  with  regard  to  plant  descriptions.  How- 
ever, it  is  probable  that  the  various  bulletins  issued  by  the 
Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture, 
Washington,  D.  C,  may  prove  of  service,  for  they  contain  at 
lea.st  some  of  the  information  you  seem  to  be  seeking.  The 
following  bulletins  arc  particularly  recommended:  Bulletin  No. 
26,  "American  Medicinal  Flowers,  Fruits  and  Seeds" ;  Bul- 
letin No.  S9,  "Wild  Medicinal  Plants  of  the  U.  S.";  Bulletin 
No.  107,  "American  Root  Drugs";  Bulletin  Xo.  139,  ".\meri- 
can  Medicinal  Barks";  Bulletin  No.  188,  "Weeds  Used  in 
Medicine".  We  suggest  you  write  to  the  Bureau  of  Plant  In- 
dustry for  a  list  of  these  bulletins  from  which  you  can  make 
such  selections  as  you  may  wish. 

For  curing  and  preserving  medicinal  roots,  the  following 
general  directions  may  be  of  service:  Roots  of  annual  plants 
should  be  dug  immediately  before  the  time  of  flowering;  of  bi- 
ennials, or  perennials,  late  in  the  fall,  or  very  early  in  the 
spring.  If  the  latter,  it  should  be  immediately  after  the  first 
appearance  of  the  plant  above  ground.  Perennial  roots  should 
not  be  gathered  until  after  two  or  three  years'  growth.  Rhu- 
barb is  allowed  to  mature  for  four  or  five  years — asparagus 
till  three  years  old.  Fleshy  or  succulent  roots  require  to  be 
cut  previous  to  drying,  so  as  to  e.^cpose  a  large  surface  to  the 
air;  the  mode  in  which  they  are  sliced,  whether  longitudinally 
or  transversely,  is  of  interest  in  judging  of  certain  foreign 
drugs,  such  as  calumba  root,  which  is  always  met  with  in 
transverse  slices,  gentian  in  longitudinal,  the  English  variety 
of  colchicum  cormus,  cut  transversely,  that  from  the  Continent 
entire,  etc.  The  mode  of  cutting  is  little  regarded  by  herbalists 
in  preparing  the  indigenous  roots  for  the  market.  In  all 
cases  it  is  important  that  the  root,  or  other  part  of  the  plant, 
should  be  thoroughly  dried.  In  the  case  of  taraxacum,  pars- 
ley, and  other  succulent  roots,  it  is  necessary  to  apply  a  heat 
of  about  150°  F.,  to  destroy  the  eggs  deposited  by  insects, 
which,  through  neglect  of  this  precaution,  may  occasion  the 
speedy  deterioration  of  the  root  by  worms.  For  drying 
roots,  recourse  may  be  had  to  a  barrel  open  at  both  ends, 
and  having  a  network  suspended  in  it  for  holding  the  roots; 
it  is  to  be  stood  over  the  register  of  a  common  house  furnace. 
The  smaller  and  more  fibrous  roots,  and  especially  those  con- 
taining essential  oils,  require  to  be  less  thoroughly  dried,  and 
as  soon  as  their  condition  will  permit  of  it,  should  be  care- 
fully put  into  tight  drawers,  bottles  or  tin  cans.  The  stems 
of  herbaceous  plants  should  be  gathered  after  foliation,  but 
before  flowering,  unless  the  flowers  are  to  be  used  with  the 
stem  (Parrish). 


Liver  Spots 
(Roy  P.) — "Liver  spots,"  or  chloasma,  consist  of  large, 
irregular  brownish  blotches,  located  principally  on  the  fore- 
head and  face,  and  though  so-called,  medical  men  state  that 
the  liver  has  but  little  or  nothing  to  do  with  their  develop- 
ment. Derangements  of  the  secretions,  more  especially  those 
peculiar  to  women,  favor  their  appearance.  Nervousness,  an 
irritated  condition  of  any  internal  organ,  and  internal  piles, 
are  said  to  produce  them.  The  treatment  usually  recommended 
is  the  same  as  that  for  freckles,  one  formula  being  as  fol- 
lows: 

Corrosive  sublimate    4  grains 

Dilute   acetic   acid    2  drams 

Borax     40  grains 

Rose    water    4  ounces 

Mix.     Apply  to  spots  twice  daily.     Mark  "Poison". 
Fluidextract    of    dandelion     in    one-half    teaspoonful    doses, 
three  times  a  day,  continued  for  a  long  time,  is  also  said  to 
favor  the  removal  of  liver  spots.     In  any  course  of  treatment 


Dry   Cleaning  Cleanser 
(J.    C.    A.    &    H.    F.)— Various    formulas    are    extant    f«r 
cleansers  of  this  character.     Here  are  two : 

(1) 

Soap    bark,    ground    4  ounces 

Powdered    borax    4  ounces 

Ivory   or   other   good   soap 4  ounces 

Wood    alcohol    16  ounces 

Anunonia    water,    16° 16  ounces 

Boiling    water    6  pints 

Shave  the  soap  fine  and  dissolve  it  in  the  boiling  water. 
Pour  the  solution  at  once  upon  the  soap  bark  and  borax,  stir 
well  and  let  stand  half  a  day,  then  strain  or  filter,  adding 
enough  water  through  the  filter  to  make  6  pints,  and  add  the 
ammonia  water  and  wood  alcohol.  This  mixture  is  recom- 
mended for  the  use  of  tailors  for  renovating  and  cleaning  gar- 
ments. 

"Scientific  American  Cyclopedia  of  Receipts"  gives  this  in- 
formation under  "dry  cleaning  soaps" :  Soaps  soluble  in  ben- 
zine are  employed  for  the  dual  purpose  of  assisting  the  clean- 
ing process  and  to  minimize  the  risk  of  fire.  The  following 
quantities  give  satisfactory  results,  parts  by  weight :  Oleic 
acid,  5 ;  caustic  potash,  1 ;  dissolve  in  methylatr-d  spirit,  4. 
These  quantities  are  arranged  to  provide  a  slightly  super- 
fatted soap  freely  soluble  in  benzine.  By  increasing  the  quan- 
tity of  oleic  acid  the  solubility  of  the  soap  in  benzine  is  in- 
creased. For  brushing  on  the  slab,  an  ordinary  hard  oil 
soap  may  be  employed,  green-olive  oil  soap  being  perhaps 
the  most  satisfactory.  A  brush  dipped  in  benzine,  and 
rubbed  on  a  bar  of  this  soap,  dissolves  enough  to  produce  a 
plentiful  lather  when  brushing  the  goods.  When  a  solid  or 
semi-solid  benzine  soap  is  employed — e.g.,  siponine — it  is  usual 
to  make  a  stock  solution  (a  5  or  10  per  cent,  solution  by 
weight)  and  to  add  the  necessary  amount  of  the  stock  t» 
the  machine.  For  use  in  the  Barbe  process,  neutral  soaps 
must  be  employed,  those  containing  free  acid  being  found  t» 
attack  the  galvanized  fittings  at  the  temperature  to  which  the 
machine  is  raised. 


Ammonium  Hypophosphite 

(T.  A.  M.) — We  cannot  give  the  formula  for  the  pro- 
prietary article.  However,  ammonium  hypophosphite  may  be 
made  by  bringing  calcium  hypophosphite  and  ammonium  ox- 
alate together  in  the  presence  of  a  little  ammonia,  or  ac- 
cording to  the  following  formula: 

Calcium    hypophosphite     6  ounces 

.Ammonium  sesquicarbonate  (translucent)  .7.23  ounces 
Water,  a  sufficient  quantity. 
Dissolve  the  calcium  salt  in  4  pints  of  water,  and  the  am- 
monium salt  in  2  pints  of  water:  mix  the  two  solutions, 
drain  the  resulting  carbonate  of  calcium,  and  wash  out  the 
retained  solution  with  water.  The  filtrate  should  then  be 
evaporated  carefully  to  dryness;  then  dissolved  in  alcohol, 
evaporated,  and  crystallized.  This  salt  is  deliquescent  in  the 
air,  very  soluble  in  alcohol  and  water,  and,  when  carefully 
heated,  evolves  ammonia,  leaving  hydrated  hypophosphorous 
acid.  It  is  used  for  the  same  purpose  as  the  other  alkaline 
hypophosphites  in  doses  of  from  3  to  5  grains. 


Yellow  Ink  for  Stamping  Leather 
(E.  P.  C.) — .\  waterproof  yellow  ink  for  stamping  leather 
may  be  made  by  rubbing  up  a  little  boiled  linseed  oil  to 
which  some  varnish  has  been  added  and  then  incorporating 
a  sufficient  quantity  of  chrome  yellow.  Or  make  a  stencil 
ink,  as  follows:  Take  of  shellac,  2  ounces;  borax,  2  ounces; 
water,  25  ounces;  gum  arabic,  2  ounces;  yellow  pigment,  q.s. 
Boil  the  borax  and  shellac  with  water,  until  dissolved;  then 
add  the  gum  arabic  and  withdraw  from  the  fire.  When  the 
solution  has  become  cold,  dilute  %vith  water  to  25  ounces  (or 
to  the  proper  consistency)   and  incorporate  the  pigment. 

Another  vehicle  which  is  claimed  to  be  waterproof  is  made 
by  dissolving  bleached  shellac  10  parts,  Venice  turpentine,  5 
parts,  and  oil  of  turpentine,  10  parts,  on  a  water  bath ;  then 
incorporate  5  parts  of  chrome  yellow.  A  little  experimenting 
is  necessary  to  produce  a  mixture  of  the  right  adhesiveness 
and  fluidity. 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


513 


Jottings  from  Great  Britain 

{By  Our  London   Correspondent.) 
The    War    and    tlie    English    Drug    Market 

The  drug  market  has  recovered  very  considerably  from  the 
first  effects  of  the  war,  and  considering  the  circumstances  the 
improvement  is  remarkable.  Drugs  and  chemicals  continue  to 
arrive  from  practically  all  sources  (except  of  course  two), 
and  though  buyers  are  not  making  larger  purchases  than  nec- 
essary to  cover  immediate  requirements,  they  are  much  less 
timid  than  they  were  a  few  weeks  after  the  commencement  of 
the  war. 

Synthetic  drugs  and  chemicals  naturally  continue  very 
scarce  and  dear;  but  salicylic  acid,  salicylates,  and  acetyl- 
salicylic  acid  and  a  few  other  drugs  which  had  not  been  man- 
ufactured in  England  before  are  now  being  produced  in  com- 
mercial quantities  by  British  firms.  The  arrival  of  appreciable 
quantities  of  bromides  from  the  United  States  has  relieved 
the  stringency  in  this  market  and  prices  are  substantially 
lower  than  they  were  a  few  weeks  ago.  On  the  other  hand, 
there  is  a  considerable  scarcity  of  botanical  drugs;  for  instance, 
belladonna  is  fetching  at  least  three  times  its  normal  price, 
and  stramonium,  which  is  an  important  ingredient  of  some 
of  the  popular  English  asthma  remedies,  is  almost  unobtain- 
able. Citric  acid,  tartaric  acid,  cocaine,  cream  of  tartar  and 
essence  of  lemon  are  among  the  drugs  the  prices  of  which  are 
tending  downward.  At  the  first  public  drug  auctions  held 
since  the  war  began,  the  demand  was  quiet,  and  generally 
speaking,  prices  were  lower.  Codliver  oil  is  fetching  prices 
which  are  not  much  above  the  normal,  and  the  value  of 
morphine  is  kept  in  check  by  the  large  stock  of  Persian  opium 
on  the  spot. 

The    New    British    Pharmacopoeia 

The  new  British  Pharmacopoeia  will  come  into  force  on 
Jan.  1,  1915,  but  a  few  advance  copies  have  been  exhibited 
with  the  object  of  giving  manufacturers  an  opportunity  of 
making  ready  to  comply  with  the  new  conditions.  The  new 
volume  is  more  remarkable  by  reason  of  the  greater  precision 
of  processes  and  tests  than  by  reason  of  the  new  additions. 
In  fact,  the  number  of  drugs  added  is  only  43,  which  is  about 
half  the  number  added  to  the  previous  edition.  On  the  other 
hand,  no  less  than  168  drugs  and  preparations  that  were 
official  in  the  Pharmacopoeia  and  Indian  and  Colonial  Addi- 
tions have  been  omitted.  Of  the  new  additions  the  most  im- 
portant  are  the   following: 

Acetyl-salicylic  acid,  adrenalin,  barbitonum  (diethyl-bar- 
bituric  acid),  benzamine  lactate  (beta  eucaine),  chloral 
formamide  (chloralamide),  cresol,  diamorphine  hydrochloride, 
ethyl  chloride,  guaiacol,  hexamine,  (hexamethylenetetramine), 
liquor  cresolis  saponatus,  liquor  formaldehydi,  methyl  salicy- 
late, methyl-sulphonal,  pelletierine  tannate,  phenolphthalein, 
resorcin,  senna  pods,  strontium  bromide,  syrup  of  hydriodic 
acid,  acetum  cantharidini,  unguentum  cantharidini,  unguen- 
tum  lanae  compositum,  unguentum  plumbi  subacetatis. 

It  will  be  observed  that  very  few  indeed  of  the  so-called 
"new  remedies"  have  justified  their  claim  for  official  recogni- 
tion. Of  the  168  drugs  and  preparations  omitted,  the  majority 
are  seldom  prescribed,  but  some  of  them  on  the  other  hand 
are  not  uncommonly  used.  The  crude  drugs  omitted  number 
51,  the  chemicals  17  (the  two  most  notable  being  the  sul- 
phocarbolates  of  zinc  and  sodium),  and  the  galenical  prepara- 
tions 98  (including  3  aceta,  3  decocta,  7  emplastra,  15  ex- 
tracta  and  extracta  liquida,  8  infusa,  and  16  iiquores  con- 
centrati).  Some  surprise  is  expressed  at  the  exclusion  of 
sarsaparilla  root,  poppy  capsules,  elder  flowers,  henbane,  and 
several  other  drugs  which  still  have  considerable  popularity. 
Other  excluded  articles  are  cantharides  (which  is  represented, 
however,  by  cantharidin),  ammonium  phosphate,  gallic  acid, 
silver  o.xide,  arnica  rhizome,  bismuth  o.xide,  gamboge,  cerium 
oxalate,  coca  leaves  (cocaine  of  course  remains),  saffron, 
elaterium,  opium  plaster,  pitch  plaster,  green  belladonna 
plaster,  liquid  extract  of  coca,  extract  of  jalap,  iron  arsenate, 
iron  phosphate,  mustard,  brandy,  compound  spirit  of  ether, 
sumbul  root,  tincture  of  aloes,  tincture  of  arnica,  figs,  gal- 
banum,  hops,  jaborandi,  thyroid  solution,  musk,  poppy  heads, 
picrotoxin,  black  pepper,  pitch,  prunes,  sassafras  root,  scam- 
mony   (the  resin  remains),  veratrine,   etc. 

Most  of  the  recommendations  of  the  International  Com- 
mittee on  the  Unification  of  Potent  Drugs  have  been  adopted, 
and  this  has  necessitated  changes  in  the  strengths  of  7  drugs 
and  preparations,    but   the   strengths   of  23   other  articles   have 


also  been  changed.  Tincture  of  strophanthus  is  4  times  the 
strength  of  the  old,  tincture  of  opium  is  33  per  cent  stronger, 
tincture  of  nux  vomica  is  half  the  strength,  and  tincture  of 
aconite  about  half  as  strong  as  before. 

A  considerably  larger  number  of  drugs  and  preparations  are 
required  to  contain  a  definite  proportion  of  the  chief  active 
constituent.  For  instance,  aconite  root  must  contain  not  less 
than  0.4  per  cent  of  ether-soluble  alkaloids;  nux  vomica  is 
adjusted  to  contain  1.25  per  cent,  of  strychnine;  belladonna 
leaves  are  required  to  contain  not  less  than  0.3  per  cent  of 
alkaloids. 

Limits  for  the  proportion  of  lead  and  arsenic  permissibly 
present  as  impurities  in  some  90  pharmacopoeial  substances 
have  been  laid  down.  The  metric  system  alone  has  been  em- 
ployed for  all  pharmaceutical  and  analytical  computations,  but 
doses  are  stated  in  terms  of  both  the  imperial  and  metric 
systems.  The  0  =  16  system  of  atomic  weights  has  been  adopted, 
but  no  material  change  has  been  made  in  chemical  nomen- 
clature. The  "mil"  is  recognized  as  a  short  official  designa- 
tion for  milliter.  The  discarding  of  the  imperial  system  in 
pharmaceutical  computations  is  not  popular  among  the  older 
school  of  British  pharmacists. 


New  Remedies 


Ancson  is  the  trade  name  for  a  brand  of  acetone-chloroform. 

Apicol  is  a  compound  syrup  of   guaiacol  with   iron. 

Atropapaverin  Injection  contains  in  each  ampule  0.0005  g. 
of  atropine  sulphate  and  0.05   g.   of  papaverine  hydrochloride. 

Bacidolin,  a  preservative,  contains  benzoic  acid  and  sul- 
phites. 

Calcikose  is  a  guaiacose  syrup  of  pleasant  taste,  containing 
lecithin. 

Cupronat  tablets  are  used  in  typhus  fever,  and  contain  1  g. 
of  copper-albumen,  equal  to  0.004  g.  of  metallic  copper. 

Dissolvin  is  a  liquid  iodine  soap. 

Dixol  tablets  contain  0.05  g.  of  antipyrin,  0.6  g.  of  acetyl- 
salicylic  acid,  and  0.0005  g.  of  sunjavin.  The  latter  is  pre- 
pared from  an  Indian  species  of  the  Melanthaceae.  Used  in 
gouty  affections  and  rheumatism. 

Dr.  Munch's  Anticpilepticunt  contains  methylene  blue  and 
zinc  valerate. 

Elixir  Vigorosa  is  a  slightly  fermented  sweet  Greek  wine, 
with  about  50   per  cent,   of  an   alcoholic  cinchona  tincture. 

Foligan  is  a  harmless  hypnotic  and  sedative,  said  to  contain 
the  active  constituents  of   orange  leaves. 

Gclonida  Neurcnterica  contains  cocaine,  menthol,  and  a 
small  amount  of  sodium  bicarbonate,   and  is  used  in  diarrhe.i. 

Gelonida  Somnijera  contains  in  each  piece  0.25  g.  of  ervasin- 
calcium  and  medinal,   with  0.01   g.  of  codeine  phosphate. 

Grabley's  Physiological  Mineral  Salt  Tablets  contain  iron, 
manganese,  calcium  fluoride,  magnesium  silicate,  ca'cium,  sodi- 
um, and  potassium  glycerophosphates,  calcium  hypophosphite, 
magnesium  peroxide,  sodium  sulphate  and  chloride. 

Katamen  is  pyrazolon-phenyl-dimethyl-sulphamido-benzoate, 
used  in  dysmenorrhea. 

Kodan,  for  disinfecting  the  hands,  contains  chlor-metacresol 
in  alcohol,  with  a  substance  derived  from  seaweed,  which  ren- 
ders it  gelatinous. 

"Koko  for  the  Hair"  consists  of  rose  water,  glycerin,  borax 
and  a  trace  of  alcohol. 

Kolarsin  is  made  from  kola  nuts,  nux  vomica,  arsenous  acid, 
and  cinchona  bark. 

Korrelatin-Poehl  contains  maltose,  hemoglobin,  glycerophos- 
phates, the  non-specific  immune  body  of  milk,  the  so-called 
milk  spermin,  and  similar  materials. 

Krearsan  pills  contain  arsenic  and  creosote. 

Lakme  Balsam  contains  21  per  cent,  of  quinine,  mostly  in 
the  form  of  bromide,  with  thymol,  eugenol,  camphor,  and 
eucalyptol. 

Lekosan  tablets  contain   lecithin,    kola,   and   casein. 

Menthescin  contains  the  allyl  ester  of  cinnamic  acid,  and 
of   menthol,   with   a   high-melting   paraffin-like   substance. 

Metranodina  Serono  is  prepared  from  hydrastis,  viburnum, 
ergot  dialysate,  and  cannabis  indica.  Used  in  dysmenor- 
rhea. 

Neorheuman  ointment  contains  free  salicylic  acid,  and  is 
said  to  be  of  value  in  ischias,  rheumatism,  nervous  pains,  etc. 


514 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


Nervothea  contains  valerian  with  fluidextract  of  kola. 

Nova  Faex  is  beer  yeast  suddenly  dried  at  120°,  and  con- 
taining no  living  cells  or  enzymes. 

Novinjcctcl  Ointment  is  recommended  by  Neisser  in  the 
treatment  of  gonorrhea,  and  consists  of  6  g.  of  protargol,  24  g. 
of  distilled  water,  2  g.  of  alypin,  35  g.  of  anhydrous  euccrin, 
and  35  g.  of  anhydrous  lanolin. 

Hfptal  is  the  hexamethylene  compound  of  the  omega- 
methyl-sulphonic  acid  of  p-amidosalol.  Kaffeosal  is  the  caf- 
feine compound  of  the  same  acid,  and  Saltion  is  the  corre- 
sponding sodium  salt. 

lodoglobin  is  identical  with  di-iodotyrosin,  or  the  so-called 
iodogorgoic  acid. 

Optogen  is  an  oxygen  bath  containing  perborates.  The 
evolution  of  oxygen  lasts  for  about  20  minutes. 

Orypan  is  the  name  given  to  vitamines  prepared  from  rice, 
for  combatting  pellagra  and  beri-beri. 

Ostreine  contains  organic  calcium  silicofluoride  and  the 
phosphates  from  cereals. 

Panutrin  is  said  to  consist  of  codliver  oil  powder,  glycero- 
phosphate of  lime,  and  lecithin. 

Perydal  is  a  dusting  powder  containing  formaldehyde  and 
Peru  balsam. 

Proz-idoform  is  a  formaldehyde  soap  solution,  with  1  per 
cent,  of  tribromnaphthol. 

Purostrophan  is  a  crystalline  preparation  from  Strophanthus 
gratus. 

Radacyl  is  the  name  given  to  a  radioactive  preparation  of 
acetyl-salicylic  acid. 

Siccocitin  is  a  palatable  lecithin  preparation,  which  con- 
tains the  most  important  constituents  of  the  nerve  substance, 
and  of  milk. 

Tetrapyrin  tablets  contains  0.05  g.  of  caffein,  0.15  g.  of 
pjTaraidon,  0.2  g.  of  acetyl-salicylic  acid,  0.1  g.  of  guarana, 
and  5  per  cent,  of  starch. 

Thymohypnin  contains  a  hormone  of  the  thymus  gland,  pre- 
pared by  a  special  process.  Used  in  Basedow's  disease,  and 
goiter,  as  a  hypnotic. 

Thytheoreducoid  pills  contain  thyroid  glands,  theobromine- 
sodium  salicylate,  podophyllin,  quinine  hydrochloride,  cascara 
extract. 

Tirisin,  a  food  product,  consist  principally  of  lecithin,  cal- 
cium glycerophosphate,  blood  salts,  albumen,  and  milk  sugar. 


BBANCH  BANKS  FOB  SOUTH  AMERICA 


New  York  Merchants  are  told  of  Establlsted  Finan- 
cial  Agencies — Commercial   Methods  and 
Trade  Conditions 


The  establishment  of  branch  banks  in  South  America  by  the 
National  City  Bank  and  their  probable  effect  toward  making 
Xew  York  the  money  market  for  that  continent,  at  least  to 
the  extent  that  .American  bills  shall  be  paid  in  dollars  on  New 
York,  and  not  in  pounds  sterling  on  London,  were  subjects 
discussed  by  W.  S.  Kies,  manager  of  the  foreign  trade  de- 
partment of  the  above  named  banking  institution,  in  the  course 
of  an  address  delivered  before  1000  merchants  of  New  York 
City  and  the  consuls-general  of  practically  all  the  South  Amer- 
ican and  Central  American  countries,  at  the  recent  monthly 
luncheon  of  the  Merchants'  Association,  held  at  the  Hotel 
Astor. 

Mr.  Kies  asserted  that  "New  York  cannot  hope  to  become  a 
financial  city  of  world  importance  until  the  dollar  becomes 
known  and  its  value  respected  in  the  markets  of  the  world." 

According  to  Mr.  Kies,  the  National  City  Bank  has  author- 
ized the  establishment  of  branches  at  Buenos  Aires  and  Rio 
de  Janeiro  and  intends  to  locate  branches  in  other  South 
American  countries  as  rapidly  as  commercial  possibilities 
jiistify.  With  the  right  to  accept  bills  drawn  against  merchan- 
dise, as  provided  for  in  the  Federal  Reserve  Act,  there  wMll  be 
created  in  this  city  a  market  for  a  new  and  very  high  class 
commercial  paper.  The  bill  being  accepted  will  result  in  a 
credit  becoming  at  once  available  to  the  South  American  ex- 
porter, which  can  be  used  for  the  purchase  of  American  goods. 
The  branches  likewise  will  be  able  to  accept  bills  for  respon- 
sible parties  in  South  America,  and  the  market  for  these  bills 
being  created,  the  exporting  manufacturer  will  be  enabled  to 
realize  upon  his  shipment  without  delay. 

Mr.  Kies  enlarged  upon  the  service  which  would  be  pro- 
vided by  these  new  branch  banks.  Reliable  credit  information 
will  be  available  after  the   work  of  capable  credit  men   now 


at  work  in  South  America  is  completed.  Commercial  repre- 
sentatives at  the  various  branches  will  study  closely  the  local 
markets  in  an  effort  to  develop  trade  opportunities  for  Amer- 
ican merchants.  .V  publication,  called  the  ".Americas,"  devoted 
to  the  upbuilding  of  trade  between  the  two  continents,  will  be 
issued.  Trade  bulletins  and  letters  will  also  be  used  in  keep-  ■ 
ing  American  merchants  informed  of  trade  opportunities,  and 
financial  and  economic  conditions  in  South  America.  A  Foreign 
Trade  Department  has  been  organized  and  in  connection  there- 
with a  bureau  of  statistical  information  for  the  purpose  of 
digesting  trade  statistics,  and  methods  of  packing  will  be  read- 
ily available,  and  the  statistics  vital  to  any  particular  trade 
can  be  readily  ascertained. 

Other  speakers  were  John  F.  Fowler,  vice  president  of  W. 
R.  Grace  &  Co.,  and  Charles  M.  Pepper,  former  trade  adviser, 
State  department,  Washington,  D.  C.  The  former  pointed  out 
how  Americans  were  too  often  lacking  in  appreciation  of  the 
size  of  South  America.  "It  is  really  a  great  continent,  com- 
prising quite  apart  from  its  three  European  colonies,  ten 
distinct  nations."  He  said  that  business  depression  had  been 
general  in  South  America  previous  to  the  war,  and  dependent 
as  they  were  upon  European  capital,  those  countries  have  been 
struck  a  hard  blow  and  have  been  left  bewildered.  It  must  be 
realized  that  the  buying  power  of  the  South  American  coun- 
tries has  been  terribly  crippled  and  will  remain  so  for  a  long 
time  to  come. 

Mr.  Fowler  asked :  "How  can  we  dream  of  entirely  replacing 
Europe  in  this  trade?"  Europe  has  450,000,000  of  both  consum- 
ers and  producers,  while  we  have  a  population  of  only  100,000,- 
000,  most  of  whom  are  content  with  our  own  production.  He 
laid  emphasis,  too,  upon  the  fact  that  Europe  has  always  been 
the  large  market  for  South  American  products  and,  reciprocally 
would  naturally  get  the  corresponding  share  of  the  return  trade. 
.Also,  our  trade  with  South  .America  would  be  helped  if  this 
country  can  help  those  countries  in  their  present  financial 
dilemma.    It  is  money  that  keeps  trade  alive. 

Speaking  of  liberal  credits,  Mr.  Fowler  asserted  it  to  be  a 
fact  that  American  merchants  were  really  very  liberal  in 
credits  in  South  America,  much  more  so  than  "our  home 
merchants  would  concede  to  domestic  trade."  Shipping  faci- 
lities are  surprisingly  good.  "Our  trade  with  South  America 
is  relatively  as  well  served  with  shipping  facilities  as  are  the 
principal  ports  of  Europe  or  Asia  or  Africa.  .  .  .  And  the 
ocean  rates  to  ports  4,000  to  6,000  miles  distant  have  been  lit- 
tle, if  any,  more  than  we  have  to  pay  in  domestic  trade  to 
ports  only  600  or  800  miles  away."  Mr.  Fowler  concluded  his 
remarks  by  presenting  some  excellent  "Don'ts  for  exporters,"  by 
expressing  the  opinion  that  American  manufacturers  might 
better  pack  their  goods  well  for  the  South  American  trade  and 
charge  fairly  for  the  packing,  and  by  emphasizing  the  fact  that 
people  in  South  America  do  not  buy  on  sentiment,  but  that 
price  and  quality  decide  them.  The  speaker  would  adopt  as 
his  motto  "Please  the  customer." 

Mr.  Pepper  asserted  that  the  merchants  of  this  country  had 
got  past  the  point  of  looking  on  South  .America,  or  any  other 
foreign  market,  as  merely  a  dumping  ground  for  the  surplus 
products  in  occasional  years.  He  stated  that  today,  "we  are  in 
South  America  in  iron  and  steel,  and  are  able  to  compete  with 
England  or  Germany  in  peace  times,  and  to  supply  the  defi- 
ciency in  their  supply  which  the  war  causes."  Mr.  Pepper  is 
a  great  believer  in  permanent  exhibits  of  goods.  "The  bigger 
the  exhibit  the  more  is  the  attention  drawn  to  all  classes  of 
commodities,  and  the  more  imposing  is  the  effect."  The  help- 
lessness of  the  individual  exporter  places  a  premium  on  selling 
organizations  in  the  South  American  field  and  they  should  be 
encouraged. 

Mr.  Pepper's  answer  to  American  merchants  considering  go- 
ing into  the  South  American  field  is,  "that  if  you  are  going 
in  at  all  it  is  not  for  a  day  or  for  a  year  but  with  the  purpose 
of  getting  that  market  permanently,  and  that  is  the  very  reason 
why  you  should  go  in  now,  study  the  local  conditions  and  re- 
quirements, get  at  the  basic  facts,  find  out  all  about  the  con- 
sumer, and  take  orders  sparingly.  But  take  some  of  them,  and 
take  them  because  they  will  mean  much  business  in  the  future 
when  normal  conditions  are  restored,  and  the  South  American 
countries  go  on  incrcsing  their  purchasing  power,  and  instead 
of  buving  a  billion  dollars  of  foreign  goods,  as  they  do  now, 
buy  $1,500,000,000. 


Each  issue  of  Weekly  Drug  Markets  contains  the  latest 
prices  on  articles  you  are  interested  in.  Use  them  intelligently 
and  save  money. 


November,  1914] 


THE   PHAKMACEUTICAL   ERA 


515 


W0ME1M  m  PHARMACY 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 


A  Patrician  Package — Household  Paper 

WHILE  the  calamity  howler  is  relating  what  desperately 
evil  times  the  drug  business  has  fallen  on,  the  wide- 
awake, resourceful,  and  far-seeing  woman  pharmacist 
has  recognized  and  welcomed  the  splendid  modern  paper 
products  especially  designed  for  household  use,  and  has  marked 
the  profits  thereon  for  her  own. 

The  grocer,  the  department  and  stationery  store  may  sell 
some,  but  bless  you,  what  chance  have  they  of  corralling  the 
trade  if  there  is  a  lady  Ph.G.  attending  strictly  to  business 
somewhere  near?  When  Mrs.  New-Mother  comes  to  the  drug 
store  to  buy  baby  food,  nipples,  baby  soap,  talcum,  sponges, 
etc.,  etc.,  the  wise  little  woman  behind  the  counter  inquires 
if  she  knows  about  the  fine,  soft,  white  absorbent  paper 
dydees  made  especially  for  baby's  use.  She  has  at  hand  a 
cloth  or  rubber  outside  diaper  and  a  paper  dydee  to  show  how 
this  labor-saver  is  used  as  an  inside  lining.  The  normal  cost 
being  only  a  few  cents  a  dozen,  no  more  than  baby's  daddy 
pays  for  a  cigar  perchance,  Mrs.  New-Mother  is  delighted  with 
the  vision  of  easy  traveling  and  visiting  as  well  as  home  care 
and  goes  forth  with  a  supply  of  these  paper  garments. 

Do  you  realize,  oh  Woman  Pharmacist,  what  it  would  mean 
to  supply  a  fair  percentage  of  the  mothers  in  your  town  with 
these  goods?  How?  Oh,  newspaper  advertising,  personal  let- 
ters, mailing  list  made  from  birth  notices  in  paper  and  birth 
registry.  Lots  of  ways.  The  main  thing  is  to  set  about  it 
and  keep  at  it. 

Then  the  paper  towel  trade  is  an  item  of  importance.  Paper 
towels  afford  absolute  sanitation,  individual  service,  and  econ- 
omy, for  the  expense  of  laundering  soon  duplicates  the  original 
cost  many  times.  These  towels  come  in  large  and  small  sized 
rolls  with  convenient  metal  holders  to  place  in  kitchen,  bath 
room,  or  public  wash  room.  They  are  simply  invaluable.  A 
roll  can  often  be  sold  with  a  package  of  cold  cream,  as  it  is 
more  absorbent  than  linen,  for  removing  the  cream  from 
the  skin.  Other  rolls  will  be  welcomed  by  the  auto  owner — 
one  for  the  garage  and  another  to  carry  under  the  seat.  Paper 
towels  are  the  handiest  things  ever,  when  there  is  a  picnic 
lunch  or  the  need  of  cleaning  the  hands  after  a  repair  job. 
They  will  polish  windows  par  excellence,  they  will  clean  up 
the  brass  and  nickel  fittings  in  a  jiffy,  or  wipe  up  a  grease  or 
ink  spill  like  a  blotter.  Sell  paper  towels  to  the  housekeeper, 
to  the  nurse  for  use  in  the  sick  room,  to  the  automobilist,  to 
the  local  school  boards,  hotels,  waiting  rooms,  Y.  M.  C.  A., 
Y.  W.  C.  A.,  clubs,  hospitals,  the  various  "Homes,"  church 
lavatories,  and  other  institutions.  Why,  the  field  for  paper 
towels  is  simply  e-n-o-r-m-o-u-s.  Cultivate  it.  It  will  yield 
a  wonderful  crop  of  good  round  dollars. 

It  is  a  safe  venture  that  three-fourths  of  the  people  and 
institutions  in  your  neighborhood  who  ought  to  be  paper  towel 
cusomers,  have  never  given  the  matter  a  thought.  Get  a 
neatly  painted  board,  screw  in  place  a  towel  roll  holder  of 
each  size — and  go  after  business — literally  go  after  it,  or  have 
some  member  of  the  store  force  spend  spare  time  demonstrat- 
ing.    This  ought  to  mean  case-lot  towel  orders.     Easy  money! 

And  what  about  paper  tablecloths  and  napkins?  I  mean  the 
fine,  soft,  attractive  ones  which  look  like  linen  and  cost  no 
more  than  laundering?  Girls'  schools,  bachelor  women  doing 
"light  housekeeping,"  women  with  small  families,  women  with 
large  families,  church  entertainment  committees,  etc.,  etc.,  will 
all  be  glad  to  buy,  provided  you  let  them  know  about  the 
goods. 

Make  a  window  display  that  will  make  your  store  the  head- 
quarters for  these  things.  Set  a  table  with  paper  goods — 
tablecloth,  napkins,  paper  plates,  drinking  cups.  Use  candel- 
abra with  fancy  tissue  paper  shades.  Borrow  or  rent  two  fig- 
ures from  a  nearby  drygoods  store,  and  dress  one  in  a  brown 
crepe  paper  Camp  Fire  Girl  costume  and  the  other  in  Boy 
Scout  uniform.  Easy  to  make  with  crepe  paper  and  glue,  or 
borrow  real  costumes.  Have  confections  and  soda  water 
goodies  on  the  table.     Make  the  window   pull   for  several   de- 


partments. Such  a  window  will  be  out  of  the  usual  run.  Be 
sure  to  ticket  paper  goods  for  sale  with  prices.  This  sells 
goods  as  well  as  entertains.  Tourists'  packages  should  go 
like  hot  cakes  to  regular  summer  vacationists  and  Southern 
winter  resort  travelers.  Call  their  attention  to  these  when  you 
fit  out  their  traveling  medicine  cases. 

Housecleaning  time  is  coming;  therefore  show  some  bureau 
drawers  lined  with  spotless  paper  towe.ing;  demonstrate  how 
handy  this  same  material  is  to  wrap  a  fresh  cake  in  to  keep 
it  perfectly  fresh.  Use  a  real  cake,  perhaps  a  special  kind 
you  are  featuring  at  the  fountain.  Have  a  sign  card  tell  how 
to  wrap  it  properly  and  state  price  of  paper  per  roll. 

The  sale  on  regular  toilet  papers  is  easy  to  hold  if  some 
fine  brand  of  goods  is  featured.  Quantity  orders  should  be 
encouraged  and  deliveries  made. 

Paper  trade  of  this  nature  has  much  to  recommend  it. 
There  is  no  loss  by  shrinkage,  the  goods  are  pleasant  to  handle, 
easy  to  sell,  in  constant  demand,  and  give  a  satisfactory  profit. 
It  has  so  many,  many  points  of  contact  with  the  drug  busi- 
ness itself  that  as  a  side  line,  it  is  all  wool  and  a  yard  wide. 
The  war  is  making  linen  high.     Push  paper! 


An  Albany  Drug  Store  Principal 

HATTIE     May     Seely     was     born     in     Afton,     Chenango 
County,    New    York,    .August    20,    18S3.      She    graduated 
from    Afton   High    School   as   valedictorian   of   her   class 
in  1902. 

Because  of  her  brother,  who  was  a  young  physician,  she 
decided  to  become  a  druggist 
Soon  after  leaving  high  school 
she  spent  two  years  as  an  ap- 
prentice under  B.  B.  Hyde  o 
Afton.  She  then  entered  the 
Buffalo  College  of  Pharmacy, 
from  which  institution  she 
graduated  with  honor  in  1906 
In  July  of  the  same  year  shc_ 
accepted  the  position  as  phar- 
macist of  the  City  Hospital  of 
Rochester,  N.  Y.  At  this  in- 
stitution she  was  employed 
nearly  four  years.  Her  plans 
and  ambition  were  to  own 
and  operate  a  store  with  hei 
brother's  assistance,  but  these 
plans  were  sadly  terminated 
by  his  untimely  death. 

After  hesitating  for  a  time, 
and  with  the  assistance  of  her  jj    May  Seely 

father    and    another     brother, 

neither  of  whom  were  pharmacists,  she  opened  a  store  in  Al- 
bany, N.  Y.,  in  the  fall  of  1912,  where  they  are  now  con- 
ducting a  profitable  drug  business. 

The  following  are  a  lew  comments  upon  her  work  as  phar- 
macist in   the   Rochester  Hospital   by   its  superintendent : 

"I  am  mindful  that  neither  money  nor  thanks  are  any  ade- 
quate recompense  for  the  faithful,  loyal  service  rendered.  If 
you  ever  need  anything  in  the  way  of  recommends  from  me, 
I  shall  be  g!ad  to  give  them  heartily.  I  know  I  shall  never 
find  anyone  more  careful  and  accurate  in  the  drug  department 
than  you." 

In  her  new  field  of  labor  in  Albany,  where  she  went  a 
stranger,  there  is  already  favorable  comment  from  the  phy- 
sicians and   the   public   upon   her   work. 

The  success  of  Miss  Seely's  career  has  not  made  her  con- 
ceited nor  caused  her  to  forget  that  there  is  yet  much  room 
for  improvement  and  further  endeavor.  On  the  other  hand, 
she  is  thankful  she  has  been  allowed  to  do  her  little  toward 
proving  that  women  are  capable  and  should  be  allowed  a 
place  in  pharmacy.  She  believes  firmly  that  women  of  the 
right  kind  are  especially  fitted  for  this  profession ;  that  the 
pharmacist  stands  in  much  the  same  relation  to  the  doctor 
that    the   wife   does   to   the   husband.      The    position   of   phar- 


516 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November,  1914 


Mrs.  .1.  F.  Waterhouse 
Chairman   Board   Directors 


Mrs.  Emma  Hoelzer 
First    Vice-President 


Mrs.   a.   J.   Groenland 
Treasurer 


W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  Organization  Ideals 

In  order  that  "Women  in  Pharmacy"  may  make  its  appeal 
both  to  non-professional  and  professional  women,  xve  present 
the  first  oi  a  series  of  signed  letters  from  various  -uromen  who 
are  prominent  in  organization  circles.  These  little  communica- 
tions will  reflect  the  opinions  and  aims  of  the  foremost  lay 
workers  interested  in  broadening  and  strengthening  tlic  salu- 
tary infience  of  women  in  the  field  of  pharmacy. 
i  ifT^HE  action  of  the  Philadelphia  Convention  in  establish- 
I  ing  a  Scholarship  is  especially  gratifying.  By  this 
means  some  worthy  and  ambitious  student  will  be 
enabled  to  secure  an  education  in  Pharmacy. 

"The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  \V.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  will  be 
very  glad  to  receive  the  names  of  applicants.  .-Ml  our  mem- 
bers and  the  women  of  their  families  are  eligible.  Particulars 
may  be  obtained  either  from  myself  or  from  our  Secretary, 
Mrs.   Xellie   Florence   Lee. 

"This  Scholarship  is  an  important  step  and  should  tend  to 
increase  our  membership,  thus  enabling  us  to  accomplish  more 
and  more  as  time  goes  on.  This  is  the  earnest  wish  of  all 
who  have  the  welfare  of  the  Organization  at  heart."  (Signed) 
Mrs.   Jessie   F.   Waterhouse,    Chairman  Board  of  Directors. 


"I  believe  the  carrying  out  of  the  following  resolution 
adopted  at  the  Philadelphia  Convention,  1914,  will  greatly 
benefit  the  coming  generation  and  hope  that  each  member  will 
take  it  upon  herself  to  do  her  part: 

"  'Resolved,  That  greater  effort  be  made  by  members  of 
Chapters  and  individual  members  with  young  mothers,  warn- 
ing them  against  the  use  of  narcotics  and  drugs  for  infants; 
also  against  the  use  of  sample  medicines  left  at  the  doors; 
also  that  speakers  be  sent  to  clubs  and  social  centers  to  inform 
others  of  the  dangers  attending  such  use.'"  (Signed)  Mrs. 
Emma  Hoelzer,  First  Vice-President  W.  O.  X.  A.  R.  D. 


"I  sincerely  hope  to  see  the  W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  Scholarship 
a  permanent  feature  of  our  work,  and  trust  that  through  it  we 
may  be  able  to  bring  to  the  janks  of  Pharmacy  women  whose 
work  will  he  a  decided  asset  to  the  profession  as  a  whole." 
(Signed)  Mrs.  Axxa  J.  Groexlaxd,  Treasurer  W.  O.  N.  A. 
R.  D. 


"  'Thought  moves  the  world,'  but  work  keeps  it  moving. 
Let  our  slogan  for  the  coming  year  be  'work.'"  (Signed) 
Mrs.   Laitr.^   B.   W.\rx,  Member  Board  of  Directors,   W.   O. 


macist  is  not  conspicuous  nor  is  his  or  her  work  much  before 
the  pub'ic.  Nevertheless  one  cannot  deny  that  much  of  the 
physician's  success  depends  upon  the  character  and  faithful- 
ness of  the  compounder  of  the  medicines  he  prescribes. 

Miss  Seely  is  a  direct  descendant  of  Puritan  ancestry.  On 
her  mother's  side  she  descended  from  Captain  Roger  Clapp 
of  Xew  England  fame.  Among  her  distinguished  forebears  is 
Captain  Robert  Seely,  who  came  to  New  England  with  Win- 
throp  in  1630.  Her  ancestors  were  among  the  early  settlers 
of  New  York  state. 

In  religion  Miss  Seely  is  a  Presbyterian.  She  is  a  member 
of  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical  Association  and  was 
once  awarded  a  prize  for  the  excellence  of  a  paper  written 
for  that  bod}-.  She  is  a  o.uiet,  unassuming  little  lady,  pre- 
ferring to  live  simply  and  unostentatiously,  believing  there  is 
nothing  finer  in  the  world  for  her  than  to  spend  her  life  in 
useful  service  for  humanity. 


AROUND  THE  CIRCUIT 

Louisville  Chapter  No.  1 1  held  their  October  meeting  in  the 
assembly  rooms  of  the  Public  Library.  A  new  member,  Jlrs. 
George  Boechman  was  welcomed.  Professor  Gordon  L.  Curry 
of  the  Louisville  College  of  Pharmacy  gave  a  stereopticon  lec- 
ture on  Botany  which  was  very  instructive  and  much  en- 
joyed. On  October  ISth  the  Chapter  gave  a  Five  Hundred 
Party  for  their  friends  at  the  DeMolay  Commandery,  and  a 
pood   time  was  the   certain   result. 


PANAMA-PACIFIC   EXPOSITION 

The  dates  from  July  12th  to  24th  inclusive,  1915,  are  to 
be  known  in  the  Panama-Pacific  E.xposition  Program  as  the 
"Pharmaceutical  Period."  That  numerous  features  of  unusual 
interest  will  be  scheduled  for  these  days  is  not  to  be  doubted. 

K.  B.  Bowerman,  secretary  of  the  California  Pharmaceutical 
-Association,  has  extended  a  cordial  invitation  to  the  ladies 
of  the  W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  to  be  present  and  to  arrange  for 
a  session  at  this  time.  This  gentleman  courteously  offers  to 
make  arrangements  for  the  Organization  at  practically  any 
available  date  that  may  be  selected. 

With  low  railway  rates,  with  ample  hotel  accommodations 
at  reasonable  figures,  and  with  added  attractions  of  the  Ex- 
position and  of  Cali'^ornia,  it  is  easy  to  believe  that  the  year 
1915   will   be   the  accepted  time  for  many   to  visit  the   City  of 

the  Golden  Gate.  

Wisconsin's   Historic  Pharmacy   Now   Installed 

.\  pioneer  drug  store,  which  will  be  of  interest  to  druggists 
all  over  the  country,  has  been  made  a  permanent  exhibit  of 
the  Wisconsin  state  historical  museum  at  Madison.  The 
pharmacy  is  stocked  with  an  ample  lot  of  phials,  beakers,  con- 
tainers of  various  sorts  and  patent  medicines  of  early  days. 
Old-fashioned  mortars,  mills  and  quaint  distillation  equip- 
ment have  their  places  in  the  interesting  old  store,  and  the 
shelves  are  stocked  in  accordance  w-ith  old  time  standards. 
The  material  for  the  pioneer  store,  covering  the  period  be- 
twen  1835  and  1860,  was  collected  by  Prof.  Edward  Kremers, 
director  of  the  school  of  pharmacy  of  the  University  of  Wis- 
consin. 


^w*ymiVii'MWiyfi(A^iiWAm\^imimimMmisi^i^^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


Dr.  Wiley  Gives  Birthday  Dinner 

On  October  17th,  Dr.  Harvey  W.  Wiley  celebrated  his 
70th  birthday  by  giving  a  dinner  party  at  Washington,  D.  C, 
to  a  few  intimate  friends,  among  them  Dr.  John  Uri  Lloyd,  of 
Cincinnati,  and  Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington,  the  godfathers  of 
his  children.  The  dinner  was  followed  by  a  "movie"  enter- 
tainment, showing  the  former  head  of  the  Bureau  of  Chem- 
istry with  his  wife  and  children  on  their  farm  at  Bluemont, 
Va.  Among  the  other  guests  were  Prof,  Chas.  E.  Munroe,  of 
George  Washington  University,  at  one  time  Dr.  Wiley's  in- 
structor at  Harvard;  Dr.  W.  D.  Bigelow,  a  former  associate; 
Dr.  G.  L.  Spencer,  who  was  one  of  Dr.  Wiley's  students  at 
Purdue,  and  Dr.  J.  K.  Haywood,  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry. 
Much  of  the  pure  food  served  at  the  dinner  was  raised  on  Dr. 
Wiley's  own   farm. 

On  Oct.  19th  Dr.  Wiley  attended  another  dinner  at  the  Uni- 
versity Club,  Washington,  at  which  he  was  installed  as  presi- 
dent of  the  National  Association  of  Mouth  Hygiene. 


S.  A.  Eckstein  Celebrates  by  Working 

S.  A.  Eckstein,  president  of  the  Wright  Drug  Co.,  first  vice- 
president  of  the  N.  A.  R.  D.,  and  one  of  the  leading  druggists 
in  Milwaukee,  celebrated  his  fifty-sixth  birthday  on  Oct.  3. 
Mr.  Eckstein,  who  said  that  he  was  fifty-si.x  years  young, 
observed  the  day  by  working  at  his  store  and  attending  to  the 
business  arising  from  the  many  organizations  with  which  he  is 
affiliated.  Forty  years  ago  Mr.  Eckstein  entered  the  drug  store 
of  I.  N.  Morton,  when  he  chanced  to  see  a  "boy  wanted" 
sign  posted  in  the  window.  He  informed  Mr.  Morton  that 
he  was  the  boy  for  the  place  and  he  was  then  told  to  take 
off  his  coat  and  set  things  aright  in  the  store.  At  the  end  of 
the  week  he  received  an  envelope  containing  $2. 

Besides  owning  his  drug  store  and  filling  the  office  of 
vice-president  of  the  N.  A.  R.  D.,  Mr.  Eckstein  is  chairman 
of  the  national  legislative  committee  of  the  Wisconsin  Ph. A.; 
chairman  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Milwaukee  Ph. A.; 
president  of  Post  B,  Travelers'  Protective  Association;  chair- 
man of  the  press  committee  of  the  Wisconsin  division,  T.  P. 
A.;  supreme  representative,  Royal  Arcanum;  chairman  of  the 
Sane  Fourth  of  July  Commission  in  iMilwaukee,  and  president 
of  the   Temple   B'ne   Jeshurun   congregation. 


From  Pharmacist  to  Health  Board 


DR.  ALLEN  J.  McLaughlin,  who  has  been  appointed 
State  Health  Commissioner  of  Massachusetts,  under  the 
new  law  which  reorganizes  the  State  board  of  health, 
is  a  registered  pharmacist,  with  a  certificate  from  the  Mich- 
igan State  Board.  Dr.  McLaughlin  was  born  in  London,  Ont., 
June  26,  1872,  graduated  from  the  London  Collegiate  Institute, 
then  went  to  Detroit,  where  he  entered  the  drug  business, 
and  in  1892  passed  the  State  board  examination.  He  was 
appointed  apothecary  the  same  year  in  Harper  Hospital,  and 
in  1893  entered  the  Detroit  College  of  Medicine,  graduating  in 
1S96,  and  taking  up  the  active  practice  of  his  new  profession 
for  three  years  at  Berrien  Springs,  Mich.  He  then  entered 
the  Government  service  as  temporary  assistant  surgeon  at  the 
U.  S.  Marine  Hospital,  New  York,  remaining  there  two  years, 


when,  for  some  months,  he  saw  service  in  the  hygienic  labora- 
tory at  Washington.  His  next  assignment  brought  him  to  the 
medical  ward  of  the  marine  hospital  in  New  York  again. 

In  1903  he  was  ordered  to  Naples,  and  while  there  was 
transferred  to  Hamburg  to  study  cholera,  which  had  broken 
out  there.  Later  he  went  to  Berlin  to  study  cholera  condi- 
tions in  Prussia.  The  study  of  preventive  measures  for  malaria 
at  Naples,  of  conditions  during  the  plague  in  Trieste  in  Aus- 
tria, and  cholera  in  the  Philippines  next  came  under  his  eye. 
In  1908  he  was  appointed  assistant  professor  of  public  health 
at  the  Philippine  Medical  School.  In  1910  he  was  placed  in 
charge  of  an  investigation  of  sewage  pollution  of  interstate 
and  international  waters,  and  completed  a  sanitary  survey  of 
the  great  lakes  from  Duluth,  Minn.,  to  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y., 
and  of  the  Missouri  river  from  Sioux  City  to  its  mouth.  Fol- 
lowing the  determination  of  a  case  of  true  Asiatic  cholera 
in  Boston,  in  July,  1911,  Dr.  McLaughlin  was  charged  with 
putting  into  effect  the  new  regulations  regarding  immigrants 
from  infected  districts.  His  salary  in  the  new  position  will 
be  $7500. 


Pharmaceutical  Personalities 


— 0.  G.  Poilvert,  proprietor  of  the  Maplewood  pharmacy, 
Fall  River,  Mass.,  returned  not  so  long  ago  from  a  three 
months'  stay  in  France,  most  of  that  time  being  spent  in  the 
province  of  Normandy,  where  he  visited  his  aged  father  whom 
he  had  not  seen  in  30  years.  Mr.  Poilvert  also  called  on  rela- 
tives in  central  and  southern  France,  meeting  nephews  and 
nieces  hitherto  unknown  to  him,  owing  to  his  long  sojourn  in 
America.  He  was  in  Paris  when  the  war  broke  out  and  wit- 
nessed the  mobilization  of  the  French  troops.  Unable  to  ship 
for  home,  he  returned  to  Normandy  and  remained  with  his 
father  until  he  succeeded  in  getting  passage  aboard  the  steamer 
Chicago,  at  Havre.  In  reviewing  the  situation  in  Northern 
France,  Mr.  Poilvert  observed  that  the  citizens  responded  to 
the  call  to  arms  most  readily,  marching  to  the  front  with  ap- 
parently little  concern. 

— ^Oapt.  Isaac  E.  Emerson,  who  controls  the  Emerson 
Drug  Company,  manufacturers  of  Bromo-seltzer  and  other 
preparations,  at  Baltimore,  got  back  from  Europe  about  the 
first  of  October  after  a  somewhat  exciting  experience  as  the 
result  of  the  war  movements  on  the  other  side.  He  sailed 
from  New  York  the  first  week  of  July  aboard  the  Vaterland, 
and  was  at  Frankfort  when  the  war  broke  out.  He  started 
motoring  down  the  Rhine  with  the  intention  of  going  to 
Holland,  but  found  himself  unable  to  get  gasoline,  all  of  the 
supply  having  been  commandeered  for  army  purposes.  He 
put  his  machine  in  storage  and  returned  to  Frankfort,  where 
he  stayed  the  greater  part  of  the  time,  suffering  little  incon- 
venience and  being  treated  with  great  courtesy  by  the  Germans. 

— E.  H.  Burfield,  pharmacist  at  the  E.  P.  J.  Harms  drug 
store,  Hutchinson,  Minn.,  and  a  companion,  narrowly  escaped 
drowning  while  hunting  in  a  small  steel  boat  on  Bear  Lake. 
The  wind  blew  the  boat  around  broadside  to  the  waves,  and 
it  capsized.  As  it  went  over,  both  men  grabbed  its  sides  and 
were  supported  because  of  the  air  chambers  with  which  the 
craft  was  equipped.  The  druggist  had  on  heavy  hunting  cloth- 
ing, a  sweater  and  a  pair  of  heavy  rubber  Snots.  He  man- 
aged to  work  off  the  boots  and  to  climb  up  on  the  boat  and 
shed  his  coat  and  sweater.  His  companion  meanwhile  made 
the  woods  echo  with  his  calls.  Two  boys  responded  by  row- 
ing out  and  bringing  the  men  to  shore.  Mr.  Burfield's  auto- 
matic Remington  lies  in  eight  feet  of  water,  place  unmarked. 


518 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November,  1914 


— Lynn  Fort,  of  the  Lamar  &  Rankin  Drug  Co.,  Atlanta, 
Ga.,  upon  his  return  from  the  N.  W.  D.  A.  meeting  at 
Indianapolis,  was  quoted  in  the  local  press  of  his  city  to  the 
effect  that  during  his  trip  through  Kentucky,  middle  Ten- 
nessee and  Ohio,  where  grain,  hay  and  stock  are  raised,  he 
was  particularly  impressed  with  the  evidences  of  prosperity 
he  saw,  which  were  quite  in  contrast  with  those  of  the  cotton 
belt.  He  expressed  the  opinion  that  any  section  which  depends 
upon  one  crop  alone  is  treading  upon  dangerous  ground.  He 
said:  "I  trust  present  conditions  will  bring  so  forcibly  to  the 
people  of  the  cotton  states  the  folly  of  the  one-crop  system 
that  they  will  never  depend  so  largely  upon  cotton  as  they 
have  done  heretofore." 

— Dr.  A.  R.  Ij.  Bohme,  president  of  Sharp  &  Dohme, 
manufacturing  chemists  at  Baltimore,  has  thrown  him?clf  into 
the  fight  of  the  railroads  for  higher  rates.  He  maintains  that 
the  petition  of  the  railroads  ouglit  to  be  granted  and  has  is- 
sued a  statement  to  the  effect  that  the  American  lines  are 
carrying  goods  as  cheaply  as  European  roads  in  all  cases,  and 
from  25  to  75  per  cent,  cheaper  than  in  some.  He  adds: 
"If  the  railroad  credits  are  not  establislied  soon  there  can  be 
no  doubt  that  the  greater  portion  of  the  six  billions  of  the 
securities  held  abroad  and  of  which  the  major  portion  is 
probably  railroad  securities,  will  be  unloaded  upon  our  mar- 
kets at  the  very  earliest  opportunity." 

— Joseph  Koenig,  a  Cincinnati  druggist,  got  back  home 
recently  after  a  highly  exciting  European  trip,  including  two 
months  spent  in  Germany  after  the  outbreak  of  the  war.  He 
had  almost  given  up  hope  of  getting  back  for  a  long  time, 
as  he  found  on  arriving  at  Rotterdam  with  a  party  of  other 
American  citizens  that  steamer  reservations  were  made  for 
many  sailings  ahead ;  but  he  was  able  to  secure  a  ticket  turned 
back  by  an  .\merican  on  the  steamer  Xoordam,  then  four  days 
past  due  and  presumably  a  victim  of  the  war,  and  when  the 
steamer  finally  turned  up  he  became  one  of  her  passengers. 
"There  is  no  place  like  Cincinnati,'  declared  Mr.  Koenig. 

— ^A.  M.  Hopkins,  manager  of  the  Dow  string  of  drug 
stores  in  Cincinnati,  is  a  golf  fiend  of  the  most  virulent  type, 
and  he  recently  provided  his  friends  w'ho  are  similarly  af- 
flicted with  a  remarkable  story  of  a  tie  game,  which  was  the 
more  remarkable  in  that  his  opponent  was  also  named  Hop- 
kins. The  two  Hopkins  set  out  to  play  the  nine-hole  course 
at  the  Hamilton  County  Club,  one  winning  the  first  three 
holes,  the  other  the  next  three,  and  tieing  the  last  three. 
Playing  the  course  over  again,  the  same  thing  resulted,  and 
they  decided  to  call  it  a  draw  and  lay  off  for  the  day. 

— Theodore  H.  Busch.  formerly  one  of  the  best  known 
druggists  of  Davenport,  la.,  and  his  wife,  Mrs.  T.  H.  Busch, 
recently  celebrated  their  25th  wedding  anniversary  at  the 
Davenport  Outing  Club.  Covers  were  laid  for  about  50 
guests  at  the  elaborate  six-course  dinner  that  was  served.  The 
club  rooms  were  beautifully  decorated  for  the  occasion  and 
the  table  was  arranged  in  the  form  of  a  good-luck  horse  shoe. 
In  the  evening,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Busch  were  assisted  in  enter- 
taining their  guests  by  their  son  Ralph  Busch,  a  well-known 
jeweler  of  Davenport. 

— Walter  O.  May,  proprietor  of  the  Red  Cross  phar- 
macy, in  Piqua,  O.,  for  several  years,  recently  disposed  of  the 
store  to  W.  B.  Sanders,  of  Cincinnati,  who  has  been  associated 
with  Louis  Heister,  one  of  the  best-known  prescription  phar- 
macists in  the  Queen  City.  Mr.  Sanders  took  charge  at  once, 
as  Mr.  May  desired  to  secure  immediate  release  from  the  cares 
of  business  on  account  of  his  health,  which  has  been  poor  for 
some  time.  He  has  not  announced  his  plans  for  the  future, 
further  than  that  he  will  take  a  long  rest. 

— F.  ti.  Bentz,  of  the  Fort  Wajiie  Drug  Co.,  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.,  and  Mrs.  Bentz,  recently  entertained  75  or  more 
guests,  including  35  officials  and  employes  of  the  company, 
at  their  beautiful  country  home,  "Wildwood,"  Lima,  Ohio.  The 
affair  was  in  the  nature  of  an  all  day  picnic,  features  of  which 
were  noon  day  dinner,  an  address  by  the  proprietor,  an  in- 
spection of  house  and  grounds,  songs  by  the  "chorus,"  athletic 
contests,  etc.  The  Fort  Wayne  contingent  motored  over  to 
"Wildwood." 

— Ed.  W.  Calvin,  druggist  and  horseman,  Newman,  111., 
was  recently  seriously  injured  while  exhibiting  a  team  of 
spirited  horses  in  the  show  ring.  In  turning  suddenly  the 
horses  are  said  to  have  become  frightened.  They  turned  too 
short  and  the  light  rig  was  upset.  Mr.  Calvin  was  thrown  out 
with   considerable  force,   breaking  his  leg  near  the  hip.     His 


shoulder  bone  was  also  broken  and  he  suffered  other  injuries 
about  the  chest. 

— John  J.  Murphy  of  South  Boston,  formerly  a  prominent 
pharmacist  in  that  section  of  Boston,  has  been  appointed  to 
a  position  in  the  office  of  Mayor  Curley  of  Boston,  and  will 
have  charge  of  certain  editorial  work  of  the  City  Record. 
Mr.  Murphy  resigned  his  position  as  secretary  to  Congressman 
James  A.  Gallivan  two  months  ago  to  become  a  candidate 
for  the  democratic  senatorial  nomination  in  his  district,  but 
failed   to  make  it. 

— Fred  W.  Connolly,  one  of  the  best  known  Boston 
druggists,  returned  from  Europe  early  in  September,  after  a 
varied  experience  in  the  war  zone.  With  his  wife  and  son  he 
was  in  Frankfort  when  war  was  declared.  He  left  Germany 
via  Holland  and  reached  home  via  Rotterdam,  London,  and 
Montreal,  Canada.  He  spoke  well  of  the  treatment  accorded 
him  by  the  Germans,  and  praised  the  work  of  the  American 
consuls. 

Georg-e  H.  Benkhardt,  for  the  last  thirteen  years  advertis- 
ing manager  for  the  Smith,  Kline  &  French  Co.,  Philadelphia,  has 
severed  his  connection  with  the  company  and  is  now  seeking 
a  business  connection  with  a  house  that  can  use  his  special 
knowledge  and  ability.  His  experience  covers  a  period  of  more 
than  twenty  years  not  only  in  advertising,  but  buying,  selling 
and  shipping  as  well. 

— Representative  Thomas  W.  White,  of  Newton, 
Mass.,  one  of  the  most  prominent  Republicans  in  the  State 
legislature,  has  been  appointed  by  Governor  Walsh  as  a  mem- 
ber of  the  State  Board  of  Efficiency  and  Economy.  As  the 
many  duties  require  the  occupant  to  give  his  full  time  to  the 
position,  it  means  his  retirement  from  the  drug  business  until 
the  expiration  of  his  term  of  office,  at  least. 

— H.  J.  Hoist,  druggist  of  Bloomington,  Nebr.,  who 
originated  Brighten-up  Day  in  his  city  last  spring,  was  one 
of  five  in  the  entire  country  to  receive  either  an  honorable 
mention  or  a  prize  and  a  write-up,  with  illustrations,  in  a 
leading  magazine  of  the  country.  The  press  of  Bloomington 
expressed  its  appreciation  of  the  desirable  advertising  which 
resulted  to  that  city. 

— Ed.  Engelbright,  druggist  at  Cook,  Minn.,  who  re- 
turned recently  from  Belgium,  where  he  went  to  claim  his  in- 
terest in  his  father's  estate,  states  that  he  saw  enough  of  Ger- 
man operations  while  abroad  to  convince  him  that  the  Kaiser's 
army  will  triumph.  His  estate  is  at  Liege  and  his  property  was 
damaged  by  the  firing  on  both  sides,  his  dwelling  being  badly 
shattered. 

— Charles  E.  Hoffman,  assistant  manager  of  the  Riker- 
Jaynes  store  at  143  Sumner  street,  Boston,  and  his  wife,  who 
was  Miss  Katheryn  Brennan,  were  recently  tendered  a  com- 
plimentary dinner  at  thf  Quincy  house.  Thirty  of  their 
friends  were  present.  Following  the  dinner  came  a  reception 
and  dance  in  the  hotel  parlors.  A  purse  of  gold  was  presented 
in  behalf  of  the  party  by  C.  A.  Smith. 

— Charles  L.  Gapen,  druggist  at  Ottawa,  111.,  who  served 
as  first  lieutenant  of  Company  C,  Third  Illinois  regiment, 
during  the  Spanish-American  war,  has  just  received  pay  for 
part  of  his  ser\-ices  at  that  time.  Three  years  after  the  war 
he  put  in  a  claim  for  furlough  pay.  After  years  of  red  tape 
he  has  received  a  check  for  $233.34,  but  it  cost  him  $71  at- 
ttrney's  fees  to  get  the  money. 

— William  F.  Silvers,  druggist,  who  is  proprietor  of  the 
store  at  Onderdonk  and  Gates  avenues,  Ridgewood  section, 
Brooklyn,  has  notified  those  in  charge  of  his  business  that 
he  has  arrived  in  London  but  could  not  get  steamer  accom- 
modations. He  attributed  his  inability  in  this  direction  to  the 
fact  that  so  many  Americans  are  endeavoring  to  leave  Europe 
on  account  of  conditions  there. 

— A.  S.  Coody,  30  years  of  age,  a  graduate  pharmacist, 
secretary  and  treasurer  of  the  Lucedale  Drug  Company,  at 
Lucedale,  Miss.,  president  of  the  Mississippi  State  Pharma- 
ceutical Association,  an  editor  of  "The  Issue,"  a  political 
journal  published  at  Jackson,  Miss.,  and  active  in  State  poli- 
tics, is  mayor-elect  of  his  city.  A  pretty  good  record  for  30 
years  I 

— ^Otto  Laue,  owner  of  a  drug  store  at  Prospect  street  and 
Bloomfield  avenue,  Passaic,  N.  J.,  for  28  years,  has  myster- 
iously disappeared.  He  left  a  note  asking  his  brother  to 
manage  the  store  for  the  benefit  of  his  wife  and  daughter. 
His  wife  fears  that  because  of  business  troubles  he  may  have 
taken  his  life. 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


519 


— Carl  Pfetzing,  the  Mason  City,  111.,  druggist,  has  re- 
ceived a  letter  from  his  son,  Paul,  who  is  living  in  Chicago, 
and  who  reports  that  he  heard  while  on  a  recent  trip  through 
the  stock  yards  that  the  English  government  had  placed  an 
order  for  a  large  number  of  the  western  bronchos  that  were 
broken  in  at  the  yards. 

— Eugene  S.  Bernadas,  druggist  at  2800  Magazine  street, 
New  Orleans,  had  an  exciting  chase  after  a  thief  he  discov- 
ered in  the  act  of  ransacking  his  store.  Mr.  Bernadas  and 
the  burglar  raced  backward  and  forward,  until  the  latter  made 
his  exit  through  the  broken  window  by  which  he  had  entered. 
Nothing  was  stolen. 

— ^Augustus  Yergey,  a  prominent  Reading,  Pa.,  druggist, 
will  think  some  time  before  he  again  goes  out  for  a  ride  on 
his  mendacious  bicycle.  While  out  for  a  "spin"  recently,  he 
was  precipitated  over  the  handle  bars  of  the  wheel  when  the 
brake  refused  to  work.  His  injuries,  while  slight,  were  suf- 
ficient to  keep  him  from  business  for  a  week. 

— Thomas  Aiken,  formerly  with  J.  G.  Godding  &  Co., 
Boston,  is  now  manager  of  Thomas  W.  White's  pharmacy  in 
Newton,  and  since  Mr.  White's  appointment  as  a  member  of 
the  State  Board  of  Efficiency  and  Economy,  has  full  charge  of 
the   business. 

— H.  J.  Mentzer,  the  Washington,  Pa.,  druggist,  for  at 
least  once  will  have  to  waive  his  exemption  in  the  interest 
of  the  law.  Mr.  Mentzer  has  been  drawn  to  serve  as  a  juror 
for  the  special  term  of  Common  Pleas  Court  during  the  week 
of  November  16,  at   Chambersburg,  Pa. 

— E.  V.  McAllister,  the  West  Side,  McHenry,  111.,  drug- 
gist, presented  a  large  McHenry  pennant  to  George  Brailsford, 
a  baseball  player,  for  the  home  run  the  latter  made  in  a  recent 
game.  This  is  the  second  pennant  this  popular  druggist 
awarded  during  the  past  season. 

— W.  Q.  Harris,  general  manager  of  the  Berry  Drug  Co., 
Columbia,  Miss.,  was  painfully  burned  when  a  bottle  of 
hydrochloric  acid  fell  from  a  shelf  above  his  head  and  broke 
on  the  ladder  upon  which  he  was  standing,  the  acid  spilling 
all  over  both  of  his  legs. 

— Professor  Edward  Kremers,  dean  of  the  University 
of  Wisconsin  School  of  Pharmacy,  recently  delivered  a  lecture 
on  "The  Evolution  of  the  Pharmacist  and  His  Life,"  in  the 
St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy.  The  lecture  was  illustrated 
with  lantern  slides. 

— George  D.  Case,  of  ISIilledgeville,  Ga.,  nominated  for 
the  position  of  State  drug  inspector  by  the  Board  of  Pharmacy, 
will  be  appointed  by  Commissioner  of  Agriculture  J.  D.  Price 
and  will  go  into  office  July  1,  1915.  The  Georgia  attorney- 
general  has  issued  an  opinion  to  tliat  effect. 

— ■William  M.  Beall,  president  of  the  Beall  &  Steele 
Drug  Co.,  Steubenville,  Ohio,  is  vice  president  and  a  director 
of  the  new  Steubenville  Bank  &  Trust  Co.,  recently  opened  in 
that   city. 

— W.  B.  Ackerman,  former  proprietor  of  the  Rexall 
drug  store  of  Stroudsburg,  Pa.,  has  turned  farmer,  and  so 
successful  has  he  been  on  his  farm  at  West  Chester  tliat  he 
is  preparing  to  build.     Quite  a  change. 

— Thomas  A.  Burke,  assistant  manager  of  the  Riker- 
Hegeman  Co.  drug  store  at  New  Britain,  Ct.,  and  Miss  Susan 
A.  Murray,  of  Danbury,  were  married  recently  in  the  latter 
city. 

— Chester  L.  'Woodbury,  druggist  of  Maiden,  Mass., 
and  Miss  Laurice  B.  Flagg,  of  Marlboro,  were  married  recent- 
ly at  the  home  of  the  latter's  parents.  Following  their  honey- 
moon they  took  up  their  residence  at  Maiden. 

— Carl  T.  Buehler  and  Miss  May  Albright,  of  St.  Louis, 
were  married  Sept.  30.  Mr.  Buehler  is  with  the  Metropolitan 
Pharmacy. 

— Clarence  R.  Sizemore,  chief  chemist  for  Pfeiffer  Chem- 
ical Company,  St,  Louis,  and  Miss  Rose  Mueller  were  mar- 
ried recently  in  Louisville,  Ky. 

— Max  P.  Ladwig,  of  St.  Joseph,  Mich.,  a  member  of 
the  Knaak  Drug  Co.,  which  has  stores  in  St.  Joseph  and 
Stevensville,  was  married  recently  to  Miss  Martha  Abraham. 

— John  'Wright,  druggist  at  Penrose,  Colo.,  was  recently 
married  to  Miss  Alma  Hunt,  of  Florence.  Mr.  Wright  has 
just  erected  a  new  store  building  in  his  city. 


— F.  R.  Fleming,  recently  of  the  Soo,  now  a  pharmacist 
at  Farrell's  drug  store,  Munising,  Mich.,  was  recently  married 
to  Miss  Louise  Kenz,  of  Bond  la  Well,  Wis. 

— Ed.  Still,  manager  of  the  Kahn  drug  store,  De  Kalb, 
111.,  fell  from  a  ladder  some  time  ago  but  at  last  report  was 
recovering  nicely. 

— Thomas  Flynn,  pharmacist  of  Bloomington,  III.,  is  a 
patient  at  St.  Joseph's  hospital  in  that  city.  He  is  suffering 
from  an  affection  of  the  throat. 

— Lucian  D.  Lyons,  the  druggist  at  St.  David,  111.,  re- 
cently married  Miss  Zella  Murphy,  who  has  been  employed 
at  the  Cuba  (111.)   pharmacy  for  several  years. 

— ^George  Tanner,  a  druggist,  Douglas,  Ga.,  is  reported 
to  have  shot  and  killed  a  negro,  who  first  cursed  and  shot 
at  him. 

— 'W.  D.  Lacy,  proprietor  of  the  Red  Cross  drug  store, 
Peoria,  III.,  is  out  again  after  seven  weeks  in  the  hospital,  as 
a  result  of  two  operations. 

— E.  S.  Smythe,  proprietor  of  the  Smythe  Drug  Co., 
North  Fort  Worth,  Texas,  returned  recently  to  his  store  after 
an  illness  of  two  months  or  more. 

— 0.  J.  Ohlinger,  of  Canton,  O.,  has  accepted  the  man- 
agement of  the  Diver  drug  store  at  Alliance. 

— C.  H.  Mount  is  now  general  manager  of  the  Wherrett- 
Mize  Drug   Company,    Atchison,   Kansas. 

— Marcus  Gerbrick,  druggist  at  Stanford,  111.,  has  been 
appointed   postmaster   of   that   city. 


Obituaries 


ROBERT  A.   CARSON 

Robert  A.  Carson,  president  of  Brannon  &  Carson  Co., 
wholesale  and  retail  druggists,  Columbus,  Ga.,  and  one  of  the 
best  known  and  most  beloved  citizens  of  that  city,  died  at  his 
residence  after  an  illness  of  12  days  of  typhoid  fever.  Mr. 
Carson  had  not  been  well  during  the  past  several  years,  but 
had  been  able  to  attend  to  business  until  a  week  previous  to 
his  death. 

Mr.  Carson  was  prominent  in  the  business,  social,  edu- 
cational and  civic  affairs  of  Columbus.  He  served  for  a 
number  of  years  as  president  of  the  board  of  trustees  of 
the  Columbus  public  schools,  and  under  his  administration 
the  school  system  was  expanded  and  new  buildings  erected. 
He  was  formerly  vice-president  of  the  National  Bank  of  Col- 
umbus, and  was  a  director  of  this  institution  when  he  died. 
He  was  also  a  director  of  the  City  Mills  Co.  He  had  been 
engaged  in  the  drug  business  for  43  years.  He  came  to  Col- 
umbus in  1871  from  Macon  county,  where  he  was  born  and 
raised.  He  entered  the  employ  of  the  late  A.  M.  Brannon, 
who  conducted  a  wholesale  and  retail  drug  business.  Six 
years  later  he  married  Mr.  Brannon's  daughter.  In  1879,  the 
firm  of  Brannon  &  Carson  Co.  was  organized,  with  Mr,  Car- 
son as  president  and  general  manager.  He  served  actively  in 
this  capacity  until  his  death.  He  was  61  years  of  age.  One 
brother  and  two  sisters  survive  him. 


RECENT  DEATHS 


— Frank  Cundall,  druggist  of  East  Greenwich,  R.  I., 
and  well  known  as  a  business  man  throughout  Rhode  Island, 
is  dead.  He  was  61  years  of  age.  Mr.  Cundall  was  a  mem- 
ber of  Cundall  &  Earnshaw,  druggists.  East  Greenwich,  and 
proprietor  of  the  Ocean  View  Hotel  at  Block  Island,  He 
was  born  at  Mystic,  Ct.  In  1887  he  bought  out  Congdon 
Brothers,  druggists.  East  Greenwich,  and  two  years  later 
married  Miss  Effie  Ball,  the  only  daughter  of  the  proprietor 
of  the  Ocean  'View  Hotel  at  Block  Island.  Since  1882  he  has 
managed  that  house.  In  the  same  year  he  took  .Arthur  Earn- 
shaw into  the  drug  business.  His  annual  custom  was  to  visit 
his  home  in  Ortega,  Fla.,  each  winter.  He  was  past  master  of 
King  Solomon  lodge,  A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  and  a  member  of  the 
Seventh  Day  Baptist  church  at  Ashaway. 

— Charles  D.  Rounds,  druggist  and  banker  of  West  Pull- 
man, Chicago,  was  found  dead  in  his  bank.  A  gas  jet  was 
open,  it  is  said.  Twenty-two  years  ago  Mr.  Rounds  came  to 
■West  Pullman  from  Piano.  He  secured  employment  as  a  clerk 
in  the  village  drug  store.     By  his  industry  he  was  soon  enabled 


520 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


to  buy  the  establishment.  He  made  it  the  finest  drug  store  in 
the  outskirts  of  Chicago.  According  to  the  story,  his  first 
bank  was  unloaded  upon  him  and  Rounds  unexpectedly  found 
himself  a  banker.  His  various  banking  and  other  business 
enterprises  proved  verj-  successful  until  the  Lorimer-Munday 
chain  of  banks  "went  up."  Just  recently  he  was  asked  to 
explain  $20,000  worth  of  fictitious  notes.  His  wife  survives 
him. 

— ^William  Wynn,  champion  wing  shot,  and  for  many 
years  a  widely  known  druggist  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  died 
recently  at  the  residence  of  his  daughter  from  general  debility 
after  a  long  illness.  ]Mr.  Wynn  had  a  store  at  Fulton  and  Bond 
streets  for  half  a  century.  Dr.  Wynn  was  best  known  as  a 
crack  pigeon  shooter.  For  many  years  his  name  was  at  the 
head  of  most  of  the  handicap  wing  shooting  matches  held  on  Long 
Island  and  he  was  also  widely  known  throughout  the  country 
as  a  crack  shot.  He  was  born  in  Canada,  near  Niagara  Falls, 
SO  years  ago.  He  ws  a  member  of  Altair  lodge,  F.  &  A.  M., 
and  Constellation  chapter,  R.  A.  M.,  and  was  one  of  the  organ- 
izers of  the  Brooklyn  Ph.A.  A  daughter  and  two  grandchildren 
survive. 

— William  Bernard  Bird,  Boston,  one  of  the  pioneer 
drug  manufacturers  of  the  countn.-,  died  at  Brookline,  Ma.ss., 
of  pneumonia  which  developed  following  an  operation  for  ap- 
pendicitis. He  was  72  years  of  age.  Mr.  Bird  was  born  in 
Brookline  and  attended  the  public  schools  of  that  town.  He 
entered  business  under  his  father,  who  was  of  the  firm  of 
J  A.  &  W.  Bird,  dealers  in  extracts,  chemicals,  etc.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  Dry  Salters'  Club,  the  Boston  Chamber  of 
Commerce,  and  the  Paint  and  Oil  Club.  He  was  known  in 
downtown  circles  as  one  of  the  few  remaining  business  men 
classed  as  "gentlemen  of  the  old  school."  A  wife,  two  daugh- 
ters and  one  son  survive. 

— William  D.  Burdette,  a  pioneer  business  man  and 
druggist  of  Marlboro,  Mass.,  died  at  the  home  of  his  daughter 
in  that  city  in  his  80th  year.  He  was  born  in  Lancaster, 
and  was  educated  in  Newton  and  AUentown.  In  1860  he 
went  into  the  drug  business,  retiring  in  1907.  He  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Marlboro  school  committee  for  nearly  25  years  and 
its  chairman  for  many  years.  He  was  a  trustee  of  the  Marl- 
boro Public  Library,  associate  justice  of  the  Marlboro  police 
court  from  the  date  of  its  founding  until  1909,  and  a  trustee 
of  the  Marlboro  Savings  bank  since  its  inception.  He  was 
president  of  the  bank  for  a  time.  One  daughter  and  a  son 
survive. 

— Charles  Glass,  for  many  years  a  prominent  druggist  of 
Carliville  and  Mason  City,  111.,  died  at  his  home  in  the  latter 
city  after  an  illness  of  four  weeks.  He  was  70  years  of  age. 
He  ser%-ed  for  three  years  without  furlough  during  the  Civil 
war.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  entered  his  father's  dt^jg 
store.  About  30  years  or  more  ago  he  went  to  Mason  City, 
where  he  purchased  a  drug  store  and  took  up  his  residence. 
About  a  year  ago,  finding  himself  in  poor  health  Mr.  Glass 
returned  to  Carliville  and  built  himself  a  home,  in  which  he 
resided  with  his  sister. 

— Joseph  A.  Irvine,  one  of  the  most  highly  respected 
citizens  and  business  men  of  Leesburg,  Ind.,  died  at  the  age 
of  67  after  an  illness  extending  over  several  months.  Mr. 
Irvine  located  in  Leesburg  30  years  ago  and  was  engaged  in 
the  drug  and  dry  goods  business  for  many  years.  He  was 
postmaster  for  several  years  and  11  years  ago  organized  the 
Peoples'  bank  of  Leesburg.  Of  this  institution  he  had  been 
cashier  for  a  number  of  years.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Odd 
Fellows  and  K.  of  P.  lodges.  His  widow  and  three  sons  sur- 
vive. 

— John  Tyler  Granger,  one  of  the  best  known  druggists 
of  Lynn,  Mass.,  died  at  his  home  of  pneumonia.  He  had 
been  in  the  best  of  health  until  stricken  less  than  a  week 
before  his  death.  He  was  45  years  of  age  and  had  been  in 
the  drug  business  from  the  age  of  15.  Six  years  ago  he  en- 
tered the  firm  of  Bulfinch  &  Granger.  He  was  a  member  of 
the  Bay  State  lodge,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  Lynn  Encampment,  the 
Lynn  Historical  society  and  the  Massachusetts  Ph..^.  Mr. 
Granger  was  of  a  sunny  disposition  and  had  many  friends. 

— T.  R.  McEwen,  veteran  druggist  of  Youngstown,  O.,  died 
at  his  home  at  Garretsville,  where  he  had  lived  for  the  past 
four  years.  He  was  well  advanced  in  years,  but  his  death 
was  not  expected  so  soon.  Mr.  McEwen  conducted  the  Eagle 
drug  store  in  West  Federal  street  for  some  time,  later  forming 
a   partnership   with   F.    F.   Lyons  and   still   later     going     into 


partnership  with  William  Breaden  and  conducting  a  store  on 
the  South  Side.     A  widow  and  one  son  survive. 

— James  G.  Anderson,  for  18  years  part  owner  of  the  drug 
store  at  Bedford  and  .Xtlantic  avenues,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  died 
at  Guelph,  Ontario.  Mr.  Anderson  had  been  ill  for  several 
months  and  four  months  ago  returned  to  his  old  home  in  Can- 
ada for  rest.  Bright's  disease  developed  and  death  followed 
shortly.  He  had  lived  in  Brooklyn  for  20  years.  For  the  last 
13  years  he  had  had  as  a  partner  A.  C.  Hutton,  the  firm  name 
being  Hutton  &  Anderson.     He  was  unmarried. 

— Frederick  Weismann,  druggist  of  Union  Hill,  N.  J., 
who  was  once  a  member  of  the  New  Jersey  legislature,  com- 
mitted suicide  in  his  store  at  Union  Hill  by  taking  cyanide  of 
potassium.  He  was  released  recently  from  the  Hudson  county 
penitentiary,  where  he  served  18  months  for  the  illegal  sale  of 
heroin  and  cocaine.  He  was  34  years  of  age  and  left  a  wife 
and  two  children. 

— Jules  C.  Richard,  the  New  Orleans  druggist  who  was 
shot  in  the  back  by  a  salesman  with  whom  he  had  done 
business,  died  at  the  Charity  hospital  after  making  a  seven- 
day  fight  for  his  life.  His  spinal  column  was  severed  by  the 
bullet  which  was  fired  while  his  back  was  turned  to  his  as- 
sailant. The  shooting  occurred  in  Acme  drug  store  No.  5, 
New  Orleans. 

— Harry  D.  Hutton,  53,  druggist  of  Washington,  D.  C, 
was  stricken  with  heart  disease  while  in  his  store  and  died 
before  the  arrival  of  a  physician.  He  was  to  have  been 
married  shortly.  With  Samuel  L.  Hilton,  he  had  conducted 
his  drug  business  for  25  years.  He  was  a  member  of  Daw- 
son lodge,  F.  &  A.  M. 

— Thomas  B.  Whaley,  35,  died  at  his  home  at  Norfolk, 
A'a.  He  had  been  connected  with  the  local  drug  trade  of  that 
city  for  years.  Recently  he  conducted  his  own  drug  store  at 
Ocean  View.  He  was  a  member  of  Montauk  Tribe,  No.  55,  Im- 
proved Order  of  Red  Men.  A  widow,  a  son  and  a  daughter 
survive  him. 

— Charles  F.  Reichardt,  superintendent  of  the  drug  de- 
partment of  Colburn.  Birks  &  Co.,  wholesale  merchants, 
Peoria,  111.,  died  following  a  stroke  of  apoplexy.  He  was 
about  70  years  of  age,  and  had  been  with  his  firm  45  years 
or  more.     Two  sons  and  one  daughter  survive. 

— Julius  M.  Furer,  one  of  the  oldest  druggists  of  Sheeps- 
head  Bay,  N.  Y.,  died  at  his  home  from  complications  brought 
on  by  advancing  age.  He  was  born  in  Germany,  on  May  24, 
1860,  and  came  to  this  country  at  19  years  of  age.  He  settled 
in  Sheepshead  Bay  more  than  30  years  ago. 

— James  E.  Cooney,  druggist,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  died  after 
a  long  illness.  Previous  to  death,  he  conducted  the  Cooney 
pharmacy  at  858  Dewey  avenue.  He  was  secretary  of  the 
Rochester  Pharmaceutical  Society,  in  which  capacity  he  had 
served  for  several  years. 

— 3.  C.  Huber,  75,  head  of  the  Huber-Fuhrman  Drug  Co. 
and  Huber  Bros.,  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.,  and  a  former  president 
of  the  common  council  of  that  city,  died  at  his  home  after  a 
long  illness.  He  was  born  in  Switzerland,  but  had  lived  here 
for  more  than  50  years. 

— George  C.  Schoettle,  formerly  a  druggist  of  CoUins- 
ville.  III.,  and  well  known  in  Troy,  died  at  his  home  after  a 
long  illness  due  to  cancer  of  the  stomach.  He  was  48  years 
old.  His  funeral  was  conducted  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Masonic   fraternity. 

— Dr.  J.  N.  Murdock,  86,  a  pioneer  wholesale  druggist 
and  physician  of  Parkersburg,  W.  Va.,  is  dead  after  a  brief 
illness.  A  son,  Allen  C.  Murdock,  mayor  of  Parkersburg,  sur- 
vives. 

— R.  E.  Love,  druggist  at  Sparks,  Nev.,  for  more  than  six 
years,  died  at  his  home  at  Reno.  He  was  a  native  of  England 
and  was  74  years  of  age.  The  body  was  shipped  to  Oakland. 
— Thomas  Frost,  75,  for  48  years  a  druggist  and  18  years 
postmaster  at  Siegel,  111.,  died  after  a  few  hours'  illness.  He 
resigned  as  postmaster  a  week  previous  to  his  death. 

— Charles  C.  Dunbar,  druggist,  died  at  his  home  in  Baton 
Rouge,  La.  A  wife  and  three  children  survive.  He  was  a 
member  of  Jefferson  lodge,  F.  &  A.  M. 

— Jesse  Zimmerman,  63,  prominent  druggist  of  Lockport, 
N  Y.,  for  more  than  40  years,  was  found  dead  in  bed;  heart 
disease. 

— Ernest  Haberdosh,  31,  prescription  clerk,  Wakefield, 
Mass.,  found  dead  beside  roadway;  cause  of  death  a  mystery. 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


521 


Features  of  the  National  Wholesale  Druggists'  Annual  Convention 


President  Lattimer's  Views  on  the  Problem  of  Drug  Distribution — Uniform    Freight    Classification    Urged 
Valuable   Suggestions   on   Fire   Prevention — Closer  Co-operation  with  Pharmacists  Advocated — Im- 
portant Legislation — How  the  Buying  Club  System   Works — Dr.    William   Jay   SchiefEelin's 
Resolution   Relating   to   Railroad   Rates — Conservative  Buying  Recommended. 


The  fortieth  annual  convention  of  the  National  Wholesale 
Druggists'  Convention,  held  at  the  Claypool  Hotel,  Indianapolis, 
was  well  attended.  President  George  \\".  Lattimer's  address 
was  a  comprehensive  effort,  containing  some  very  pertinent 
observations  on  problems  of  current  interest  to  the  trade.  In 
the  various  committee  reports  were  incorporated  much  that 
should  prove  instructive  to  the  retailer,  as  well  as  the  whole- 
saler. In  this  direction,  the  reports  of  the  committees  on 
credits  and  collections  and  fire  insurance,  should  receive  spe- 
cial attention.  Dr.  Hemy  P.  Hynson  made  an  eloquent  ap- 
peal for  active  participation  by  wholesalers  in  the  affairs  of 
the  A. Ph. A.  Dr.  William  Jay  Schieffelin  presented  a  strong 
special  report  on  the  raihoad  rate  situation  and  his  resolu- 
tion calling  for  the  opening  of  the  case  of  the  raihoads  was 
adopted.  The  list  of  officers  who  were  elected  was  published 
in  the  October  Era.  The  association  meets  ne.xt  year  at  the 
Hotel  Potter,  Santa  Barbara,  Calif.,  in  the  week  beginning 
September  27. 

President  Lattimer's  Address 

President  Lattimer,  after  outlining  general  business  condi- 
tions as  affected  by  National  legislation  during  the  past  year, 
got  down  to  matters  of  more  direct  interest  to  the  members 
and  the  trade.  He  averred  that  the  association's  connection 
with  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  of  the  United  States  of 
.America  and  the  National  Fire  Protection  .Association  had 
been  beneficial.  The  association  participated  by  voting  on 
referendum  No.  7  in  regard  to  the  creation  of  an  interstate 
trade  commission  and  referendum  No.  S  on  trust  legislation 
for  regulating  business  practices,  sent  out  by  the  Chamber 
of  Commerce  to  its  membership.  Both  provisions  have  be- 
come laws. 

Uniformity  of  state  and  national  laws  was  strongly  urged 
by  President  Lattimer.  .Anent  the  abolishment  of  the  guar- 
antee legend  he  asserted  it  to  be  a  question  whether  this  pro- 
vision, because  of  its  abuse  by  the  dishonest,  did  not  do 
more  harm  than  good.  Of  the  Harrison  bill,  he  said,  that 
while  all  would  have  preferred  that  it  should  stand  as  recom- 
mended by  the  Drug  Trade  Conference,  the  trade  is  to  be 
congratulated  upon  the  framing  of  such  a  measure,  which, 
while  commercially  unprofitable,  is  yet  so  beneficial  to  the 
people. 

The  report  was  quite  general  in  scope  and  developed  many 
subjects.  Almost  the  entire  burden  of  a  war  tax  on  pro- 
prietary medicines  would  fall  on  the  independent,  full  price 
retail  druggist,  and  would  thereby  be  class  legislation  of  the 
most  objectionable  kind.  Parcel  post  is  increasing  the  details 
of  the  wholesale  drug  business  materially.  The  drug  trade 
will  be  obliged  to  adjust  itself  to  the  increased  expense  of 
smaller  and  more  frequent  orders.  .As  to  membership,  while 
the  number  of  wholesale  druggists  is  gradually  growing  less, 
there  is  a  very  gratifying  increase  in  the  number  of  associate 
members.  There  are  still  more  wholesale  druggists  in  the 
country  than  are  needed  for  the  economic  distribution  of  the 
class  of  goods  handled  by  the  drug  trade. 

The  United  States  wull  undoubtedly  profit  more  as  a  result 
of  the  European  war  than  any  other  country  in  the  world. 
Its  manufacturers  will  surely  be  forced  to  produce  many  of 
the  items  now  secured  from  foreign  sources.  The  country  has 
been  shown  very  forcibly  the  need  of  improved  marine  ship- 
ping facilities. 

President  Lattimer's  observations  upon  the  problems  of  drug 
distribution  are  exceeding  interesting.     He  said: 

"The  problem  of  the  most  economical,  efficient  and  com- 
plete method  of  distribution  from  producer  to  consumer  is 
to-day  one  of  vital  interest  to  the  manufacturer,  wholesaler 
and  dealer  in  drugs  and  medicines.  If,  after  careful  investi- 
gation, the  mail  order,  department  store,  chain  store  or  co- 
operative buying  club  is  found  to  be  the  most  economical  and 
efficient  method,  these  will  gradually  supersede  the  old  ways. 

"According  to  the  most  advanced  students  of  economics  to- 
day the  most  complete,  efficient  and  economical  method  for 
the  distribution  of  drugs  and  medicines  is  through  the  man- 
ufacturer, wholesaler  and  retailer,  owing  to  the  immense  va- 
riety and  the  wide  distribution  necessary  to  reach  the  sick  in 
every  section  of  the  country." 


Treasury  in  Good  Condition 

Treasurer  S.  E.  Strong  reported  a  balance  on  hand  in  the 
sura  of  $10,789.  Total  receipts  had  amounted  to  $28,001,  and 
total   disbursements,   $17,211. 

-As  chairman  of  the  committee  on  membership,  Benjamin 
A.  Jackson,  of  Providence,  reported  that  36  letters  had  been 
sent  out  soliciting  active  members,  and  880  letters  soliciting 
associate  members.  Of  follow-up  postals,  854  had  been 
sent  out.  In  addition,  jSIr.  Strong  had  written  many  personal 
letters  to  fellow  jobbers  asking  their  assistance.  The  results 
were  hardly  adequate  for  the  large  amount  of  labor  involved. 

The  committee  on  membership  proposed  the  following  appli- 
cants, who  were  later  elected : 

Active  members — Bagby  Howe  Drug  Co.,  Louisville,  Ky. ; 
Burw^ell  &  Dunn,  Charlotte,  N.  C. ;  Huntington  Drug  Co., 
Huntington,-  W.  Va. ;   Fritts  &  Wiehl   Co.,   Chattanooga,  Term. 

.Associate  members —  .Allen  Pharmacal  Co.,  Plainfield,  N.  J.; 
F.  W.  Berk  Co.,  Ltd.,  London,  England ;  Chicago  Heights  Bot- 
tle Co.,  Chicago  Heights,  111.;  Daggett  &  Miller  Co.,  Provi- 
dence, R.  I.;  Davidson  Rubber  Co.,  Boston;  Hynson,  West- 
cott  Co.,  Baltimore;  Kopps  Baby's  Friend  Co.,  York,  Pa.; 
Liquid  Carbonic  Co.,  Chicago;  Gerhard  Mennen  Chemical 
Co.,  Newark,  N.  J.;  S.  B.  Penick  &  Co.,  Marion,  N.  C; 
.A.  L.  Webb  &  Sons,  Baltimore;  National  Fruit  Products 
Co.,  Boston;  Jefferson  Distilling  and  Denaturing  Co.,  New- 
Orleans,  and  Walker  Soda  Fountain  Co.,  Chicago;  De  Vilbiss 
ilfg.  Co.,  Toledo,  O.;  Gould  Witch  Hazel  Co.,  Boston. 

B.  B.  Gilmer,  of  Houston,  Texas,  chairman  of  the  commit- 
tee on  credits  and  collections,  reported  that  in  response  to  a 
list  of  a  dozen  questions  mailed  to  members  he  had  received 
many  frank  replies.  During  the  past  year,  only  one  member 
had  adopted  uniform  terms  on  drugs  and  sundries — a  change, 
which,  if  universal,  the  committee  observ-ed,  would  be  of  pro- 
novmced  advantage.  A  considerable  number  reported  a  grow- 
ing tendency  on  the  part  of  customers  to  deduct  cash  discount 
after  the  stated  period  for  such  had  expired.  Most  of  the 
members  so  reporting,  while  recognizing  the  evil  as  a  pernici- 
ous one,  felt  that  they  were  forced  to  condone  such  offenses 
because  of  the  attitude  of  competitors.  Too  much  emphasis, 
in  the  opinion  of  the  committee,  could  not  be  used  in  urging 
upon  all  the  members  the  vital  importance  of  requiring  rigid 
adherence  to  specified  terms.  The  replies  showed  that  there 
had  been  no  increase  during  the  past  year  in  the  number  of 
those  who  pay  their  bills  within  the  cash  discount  period.  On 
the  other  hand,  it  appeared  that  a  greater  number  of  days' 
sales  are  being  carried  by  the  jobbers. 

This  committee  reported  that  over-solicitation  continued  as 
great  an  evil  as  ever.  No  firm  will  take  the  initiative.  The 
committee  did  not  believe  that  the  arrangement  suggested  in 
the  following  question  would  accord  with  sound  business  prin- 
ciples: "Does  the  committee  approve  the  closing  of  old  ac- 
counts in  notes  (series  forms)  payable  monthly,  in  amounts 
as  agreed,  all  goods  purchased  thereafter  to  be  paid  for  and 
discounted  within  the  time  specified,  and  the  continued  al- 
lowance of  cash  discount  on  current  purchases  where  the 
notes,  or  any  of  them,  have  not  been  paid  because  of  the  cus- 
tomer's efforts  to  take  care  of  current  purchases  owing  to  the 
cash  discount  feature?" 

One  member  suggested  that  an  interest  rate  of  10  per  cent, 
on  matured  accounts  would  increase  the  number  of  cash  dis- 
count customers  and  transfer  a  large  part  of  the  banking 
business  done  by  w-holesale  druggists  to  the  bankers,  where  it 
belongs. 

The  committee  advocated  fuller  co-operation  in  the  frank 
exchange  of  credit  information.  It  recommended  active  inter- 
est in  local  or  credit  men's  associations,  and,  through  them, 
in  the  work  of  the  National  Association  of  Credit  Men.  It 
advised  energetic  assistance  to  efforts  being  made  looking  to 
the  enactment  of  laws  governing  fraudulent  statements  made 
for  the  purpose  of  securing  credit. 

Uniform  Classification  Needed 

The  report  of  the  committee  on  transportation  was  pre- 
sented by  Chairman  Lynn  Fort,  of  .Atlanta,  Ga.  Mr.  Fort  out- 
lined the  changes  which  had  materially  affected  transporta- 
tion  during   the   past   year,    among  'these    being   the   Panama 


THE    PHARIMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November,  1914 


Canal  toll  exemption  clause,  the  five  per  cent,  increase  in 
freight  rates  in  Central  Freight  Association  territory,  the  de- 
cision of  the  Supreme  Court  sustaining  the  ruling  of  the  In- 
terstate Commerce  Commission  governing  the  long  and  short 
haul  clause,  the  readjustments  of  interstate  express  rates  and 
the  reduction  in  parcel  post  rates.  The  long  and  short  haul 
ruling  will  encourage  sliipment  from  foreign  markets  at  the 
expense  of  the  local  distributing  centers.  The  five  per  cent, 
freight  increase  will  cause  an  enormous  additional  cost  to  the 
shippers.  The  bill  now  before  Congress  providing  for  uni- 
form freight  classification  should  receive  the  support  of  every 
shipper. 

The  committee  expressed  the  opinion  that  this  country 
needs  a  permanent  merchant  marine  large  enough  to  take  care 
of  its  commercial  interests,  and  a  navy  strong  enough  to  pro- 
tect it.  The  committee  asserted  that  the  service  rendered  the 
drug  jobber  by  the  express  companies  is  preferable  to  the 
parcel  post,  for  the  following  reasons:  Parcels  are  collected, 
receipts  given  for  parcels,  indemnity  for  loss  or  damage  up  to 
?50  is  provided  without  additional  fee;  special  containers  not 
required  for  liquids,  and  numerous  commodities  excluded  from 
the  mail  are  accepted  for  transportation.  Chairman  Fort  ex- 
pressed the  opinion  that  all  poisons  and  compounds  contain- 
ing poisons  should  be  admitted  to  the  mails,  except  those  the 
handling  of  which  would  endanger  the  lives  of  the  depart- 
ment employes. 

Fire  Insurance  Suggestions 

James  W.  Morrisson,  of  Chicago,  presented  the  report  of  the 
committee  on  fire  insurance,  which  was  very  extensive.  ."Vmong 
its  most  important  features  were  its  reference  to  Supreme 
Court  decision  assuring  the  Insurance  Superintendent  of  Kan- 
sas of  his  right  to  compel  a  reduction  of  insurance  rates  of 
about  12  per  cent  in  Kansas,  and  denying  the  right  of  a 
reciprocal  company  to  a  license  under  a  Missouri  statute  de- 
fining certain  classes  of  indemnity  contracts,  prescribing  regu- 
lation therefor,  and  fixing  a  license  fee.  The  act  was  declared 
unconstitutional.  Nevertheless,  in  the  opinion  of  the  attorney- 
general  of  Missouri,  the  same  having  been  handed  down  follow- 
ing the  decision  in  the  above  case,  inter-insurance  was  not 
brought  to  an  end  in  Missouri.  On  state  regulation  of  in- 
surance, Mr.  Morrisson  said,  in  part,  that  while  discrimination 
between  states  probably  does  exist,  the  remedy  may  not  be  ar 
simple  as  it  seems,  and  that  for  any  state,  the  only  permanent 
way  to  materially  reduce  insurance  cost  is  to  reduce  the  fire 
loss. 

The  committee  suggested  that  each  member  on  his  re- 
turn home  use  his  influence  to  help  get  a  proper  State  fire 
marshal  law  if  his  State  has  none,  or  to  strengthen  an  existing 
unsatisfactory  one.  The  committee  found  it  hard  to  believe 
that  among  all  the  cities  represented  in  its  membership  there 
were  but  fourteen  commercial  organizations  actively  at  work  to 
prevent  fire  waste.  It  suggested  that  each  member  work  with 
his  local  commercial  organizations  to  lessen  the  fire  loss  tax  on 
the  business  of  his  city.  It  reconmiended  that  the  members 
take  under  consideration  the  inadequate  insuring  of  drug 
stocks  by  retailers.  Very  often  the  retail  druggist  is  not  in- 
formed about  insurance,  and  frequently  knows  nothing  about 
policies  or  the  companies  issuing  them. 

Regular  inspection  of  wholesale  drug  plants  by  some  mem- 
ber of  their  respective  organizations  was  urged  by  the  com- 
mittee. Hazardous  articles  should  be  properly  safeguarded. 
Members  should  ascertain  the  defects  they  are  charged  for  in 
their  insurance  policies.  Some  of  these  may  be  easily  correct- 
ed. Each  member  should  have  the  officer  in  charge  of  the 
nearest  fire  station  familiarize  himself  with  the  plant.  This 
may  save  valuable  time  in  case  of  fire. 

In  the  discussion  which  ensued  following  the  presentation 
of  the  above  report,  G.  Barret  Moxley,  of  Indianapolis,  heart- 
ily seconded  the  advice  incorporated  therein  anent  the  necessity 
of  the  retailer  keeping  up  his  insurance.  The  wholesaler 
should  check  up  the  retailer,  especially  if  he  is  inclined  to 
carry  a  considerable  line  of  indebtedness.  "A  fire  extinguisher 
in  a  retail  store  will  prevent  many  a  fire,"  said  Mr.  Moxley, 
in  approving  another  suggestion  that  the  members  offer  fire 
extinguishers  for  sale  to  retailers.  He  also  approved  of  the 
suggestion  that  the  members  endeavor  to  establish  a  Fire  Pre- 
vention Day  in  their  respective  cities. 

Certain  features  of  the  report  of  the  committee  on  paints, 
oils  and  glass,  chairman,  W.  T.  Harper,  of  Ottumwa,  la.,  are 
particularly  interesting.     In   the  words  of  the  committee ;_   _ 

"The  department  of  the  wholesale  drug  business  pertaining 
to   proprietary   lines   of   pharmaceuticals   has   not   grown    com- 


mensurate with  otlier  lines  of  trade.  It  has  been  taken  away 
from  us  by  physicians  being  supplied  by  physician  supply 
houses  whose  business  has  been  taken  away  from  our  cus- 
tomers, the  retail  druggists.  It  also  has  been  taken  away 
from  us  by  the  proprietary  pharmaceutical  houses  going  with 
their  lines  direct  to  the  retail  druggist  as  preferred  account. 
Between  these  two  avenues  of  loss  the  inroads  into  that  de- 
partment of  our  business  have  kept  it  from  increasing  in  vol- 
ume as  it  should. 

"The  druggist  sundries  and  stationery  lines  have  been  largely 
taken  up  by  both  exclusive  stationery  stores  and  by  dry  goods 
and  department  stores,  so  that  this  has  had  the  effect  of  either 
depreciating  the  amount  of  sales  in  these  lines  or  they  do  not 
keep  pace  with  the  increased  volume  that  the  business  should 
show.  Notwithstanding  this  curtailment,  some  of  the  whole- 
sale druggists  of  the  country  are  pushing  this  department  of 
the  business  and  are  getting  results.  It  has  come  to  the  at- 
tention of  the  chairman  of  this  committee  where  a  salesman 
representing  the  druggist  sundries  department  of  a  wholesale 
drug  house  had  annual  sales  amounting  to  $100,000  in  his 
territory." 

Dr.  Henry  P.  Hynson,  of  Baltimore,  made  an  earnest  plea 
in  behalf  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Association.  He 
advocated  a  more  active  connection  between  the  wholesale 
druggists  and  the  A. Ph. A.  As  members  they  could  exercise 
great  influence.  "There  is  no  place  in  the  world  where  you 
can  do  more  effective  work  in  this  matter  of  making  the 
American  druggist  a  better  business  man  and  a  better  risk 
than  you  can  in  the  Commercial  Section  of  the  A.Ph.A., 
and,  therefore,  I  bid  you  all  a  hearty  welcome  to  that  section 
especially." 

Dr.  Hynson  asked  for  the  appointment  of  a  committee  of  six 
to  confer  with  similar  committees  from  other  National  pharma- 
ceutical organizations  upon  the  establishment  of  a  National 
congress  to  act  upon  questions  of  country-wide  importance  to 
pharmacy.  President  Lattimer  stated  that  the  legislative  com- 
mittee would  have  all  the  powers  of  acting  as  a  conference 
committee  as  suggested  by  the  speaker. 

Harry  B.  Thompson,  representing  the  Proprietary  Associa- 
tion of  America,  stated  that  proprietary  medicines  escaped  the 
war  tax  because  the  burden  upon  the  druggist  would  be  so 
great  and  the  trouble  involved  in  the  collection  of  the  revenue 
would  be  so  disproportionate  to  the  total  revenue  received 
from  that  source  that  it  was  not  wise  to  impose  the  tax  on 
proprietary  remedies. 

Important  Legislation 
In  his  report  as  chairman  of  the  committee  on  legislation, 
the  chairman,  Charles  A.  West,  of  Boston,  commented  favor- 
ably upon  "the  most  notable  step"  yet  taken  in  the  advance- 
ment of  uniformity  of  food  and  drug  laws,  the  establishment 
of  a  Division  on  Uniform  Federal  and  State  Laws  by  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture.  He  commended  this 
action  for  the  warm  endorsement  of  the  members.  His  com- 
mittee recommended  that  the  association  designate  an  official 
delegate  each  year  to  represent  it  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the 
Association  of  American  Dairy,  Food  and  Drug  Officials.  One 
or  more  delegates  should  also  be  sent  to  the  twenty-fourth  an- 
nual conference  on  uniform  State  laws  held  in  Washington 
Oct.    14th. 

Mr.  West  asserted  that  never  before  in  the  history  of  the 
country  had  so  many  important  bills  been  enacted  in  one  year 
affecting  the  entire  business  community  as  during  the  past 
twelve  months.  He  cited  the  tariff  act,  the  new  currency 
bill,  completely  reconstructing  the  banking  and  currency  system 
and  providing  for  foreign  branches  of  domestic  banks;  the 
Federal  Trade  Commission  law,  the  Clayton  bill,  supplement- 
ing the  anti-trust  laws,  etc.  He  expressed  the  opinion  that  a 
general  law  is  necessary  to  cover  all  evil  commercial  condi- 
tions now  existing  or  which  hereafter  may  be  devised,  thereby 
being  sufficiently  flexible  to  meet  the  changing  conditions  of 
commerce. 

Discussing  the  question  of  price  maintenance,  Mr.  West 
said  that  no  doubt  steps  will  soon  be  taken  to  establish  im- 
proper price  cutting  as  a  species  of  unfair  competition,  and 
thereby  establish  a  controlling  precedent.  It  would  hardly  be 
practical  to  enact  special  law  to  provide  against  every  indi- 
vidual unfair  competition.  A  general  law  will  be  equally  and 
generally  effective. 

Mr.  West's  committee  reiterated  its  recommendation  of  the 
previous  convention  that  as  soon  as  the  national  narcotic  law 
has  been  finally  adopted  consideration  be  immediately  given  to 
a   national   poison   law.      Anent   the   efforts  to  eliminate   pant- 


November,  1914] 


THE   PHAEMACEUTICAL   ERA 


523 


graph  one,  section  seven,  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  respect- 
ing drugs  sold  under  names  recognized  in  the  U.S. P.  and 
>v.F.,  the  committee  deemed  it  of  importance  that  a  suitable 
resolution  should  be  adopted  affirming  the  association's  pos- 
ition and  urging  members  to  persuade  their  Congressmen  and 
the  members  of  their  State  legislatures  to  study  the  subject 
thoroughly  and  consider  well  tlie  effect  of  such  elimination. 
The  committee's  report  included  an  extensive  resume  of  State 
legislation,  a  short  history  and  resume  of  the  bichloride  leg- 
islation attempted  and  enacted  during  the  past  year  and  out- 
lined miscellaneous  legislation  affecting  the  wholesale  trade. 

The  committee  on  proprietary  goods,  headed  by  William  P. 
Ritchey,  of  New  York,  presented  an  interesting  report.  It 
was  brought  out  that  the  regulations  so  far  proposed  by  the 
postal  authorities  for  the  mailing  of  proprietary  preparations 
containing  quantities  of  so-called  poisonous  ingredients,  have 
not  proved  of  practical  value  to  proprietary  manufacturers 
and  the  general  handicap  to  their  mailing  operations  has  not 
been  appreciably  reduced.  It  was  also  asserted  by  this  com- 
mittee that  associate  members  should  receive  preference  when 
orders  are  being  placed  by  active  members.  The  practice  of 
advance  dating  was  condemned  as  demoralizing  and  unprofit- 
able. The  practice  of  giving  bonus  goods  was  also  condemned 
as  an  element  of  unsoundness  and  as  conducive  to  speculative 
propensities  in  the  conduct  of  business. 

That  a  close  insight  into  the  actual  workings  of  the  buying 
club  system  shows  that  the  system  is  not  a  step  to  create  a 
closer  relationship  between  producer  and  consumer,  was  the 
assertion  of  this  committee.  The  committee  was  gratified  to 
report  a  waning  in  buying  club  activities  and  no  new  under- 
takings on  old  lines  are  now  in  progress.  Manufacturers  are 
coming  to  realize  that  the  system  of  buying  clubs  and  chain 
stores  cannot  replace  the  jobber,  as  the  combination  is  gen- 
erally localized  within  neighborhood  ranges,  and  is  restricted  in 
its  selling  operations.  The  committee  was  further  gratified  in 
being  able  to  report  that  a  number  of  manufacturers  had  in- 
creased their  discounts  during  the  year.  The  committee  did 
not  question  the  conclusion,  previously  presented,  that  small 
and  frequent  purchases  are  to  a  great  extent  the  cause  for  the 
increased  cost  of  conducting  a  wholesale  drug  business.  In 
the  drug,  chemical  and  pharmaceutical  branches  this  has  been 
met  by  an  increase  in  the  selling  price  that  covers  the  in- 
creased cost  of  handling. 

Dr.  Schieffelin's  Resolution 

Dr.  William  Jay  Schieffelin,  chairman  of  the  special  com- 
mittee on  railway  rate  questions,  concluded  an  exceedingly  in- 
teresting and  pertinent  report,  in  which  he  outlined  the  rail- 
road rate  situation  and  pointed  out  the  crisis  now  confronting 
the  railways,  and,  through  the  railways,  the  entire  country, 
by  introducing  the  following  resolution,   which  was  adopted: 

"Resol\'ed,  That  this  association  respectfully  ask  the  In- 
terstate Commerce  Commission  to  reopen  the  rate  case  and 
consider   the   plea   of   the   railroads   for    increased   revenue." 

Another  resolution,  also  proposed  by  Dr.  Schieffelin,  was 
adopted.     It  follows: 

"Resolved,  That  the  Bureau  of  Animal  Industry  be  re- 
■quested  to  provide  that  all  foreign  biological  laboratories  ex- 
porting biological  products  for  animal  use  shall  be  inspected 
under  the  same  standard  used  in  inspecting  biological  plants 
in  the  United   States." 

The  committee  on  arrangements  for  1915  meeting,  through 
A.  S.  Brooks,  the  chairman  being  absent,  reported  that  the 
Hotel  Potter,  Santa  Barbara,  Calif.,  had  been  chosen.  The 
convention  will  be  held  in  the  week  beginning  September  27. 

James  W.  Morrisson,  chairman  of  the  committee  on  work- 
men's compensation  and  employers'  liability,  agreed  in  his  re- 
port with  a  Wisconsin  member  who  had  written  in  that  it  was 
his  belief  that  a  proper  analysis  of  accidents  happening  on 
all  insurance  risks  would  develop  that  jobbers  and  big  retail 
stores  are  paying  many  times  more  than  it  costs  to  carry  the 
risk  and  that  the  manufacturer  is  paying  less  than  it  actually 
costs.  The  committee  thought  that  the  rates  were  based  less 
on  hazard  than  on  what  it  was  thought  the  traffic  would  bear. 
The  committee  believed  that  the  insurance  companies  have  a 
mistaken  idea  of  the  amount  of  hazard  peculiar  to  the  whole- 
sale drug  business. 

The  committee  on  commercial  travelers  and  selling  methods, 
headed  by  Lee  M.  Hutchins,  of  Grand  Rapids,  INIich.,  re- 
ported that  if  the  annual  get-together  meetings  could  be  fol- 
lowed by  systematic  committee  work  throughout  the  year 
■either  in  zones  or  otherwise,  a  vast  amount  of  good  could  be 
accomplished.     The  apparent  inability  to  overcome  over-solici- 


tation and  the  allowance  of  cash  discount  beyond  the  reason- 
able terms,  were  other  points  touched  on  in  the  report.  In 
replying  to  the  committee's  questions,  it  developed  that  from 
5  to  40  per  cent,  of  the  business  of  the  various  members  came 
in   without  solicitation. 

In  part,  the  report  of  the  Board  of  Control,  chairman, 
Charles  Gibson,  was  as  follows: 

"The  Board  would  like  to  see  individual  houses  make 
greater  effort  to  correct  the  abuse  of  allowing  cash  discount 
after  the  discount  date  has  expired.  It  considered  the  record 
of  having  received  only  five  per  cent,  of  its  business  un- 
solicited as  absolutely  fatal  to  any  business  and  an  indication 
of  inefficiency.  The  Board  agreed  with  a  previous  report  that 
the  most  successful  travelers  are  those  who  are  trained  by  the 
houses  in  which  they  are  employed.  To  pay  a  traveler  a 
fixed  amount  and  permit  him  to  pay  his  own  expenses  is  a 
mistake — he  will  pass  towns  which  should  be  covered.  AH 
prices  should  be  fixed  and  established  by  an  expert  pricer  in 
the  home  office.  Collection  by  traveling  men  should  be  done 
away  with  as  soon  as  possible.  The  Board  recommended  the 
use  of  maps  and  thumb  tacks  where  they  are  not  introduced." 

The  Board  offered  the  following  resolutions : 

"Resolved,  That  the  N.  W.  D.  A.  assist  every  effort  being 
made  for  the  enforcement  of  laws  governing  fraudulent  state- 
ments made  for  the  purpose  of  securing  credit. 

"Resolved,  That  we  recommend  to  the  members  of  our  as- 
sociation in  various  States  an  effort  to  secure  a  bulk  sales 
law." 

Conservative  Buying  Kecommended 

The  Board  could  not  recommend  too  strongly  conservatism 
in  buying  at  present  prices.  The  danger,  it  pointed  out,  was 
that  members  will  be  tempted  to  buy  merchandise  which  will 
remain  in  stock  after  the  market  has  begun  to  decline.  "We 
all  know  how  hard  it  is  to  sell  goods  on  a  declining  market." 

The  Board  recommended  that  fire  marshal  laws  should  be 
passed  and  put  into  effect  in  all  States  where  this  has  not 
already  been  done;  that  the  members  should  use  their  utmost 
efforts  to  prevent  fire  waste  in  the  U.  S.,  that  members  try 
to  obtain  proper  legislation  to  bring  reciprocal  insurance  com- 
panies under  State  supervision,  that  members  take  advantage 
of  the  information  obtained  through  the  association's  mem- 
bership in  the  National  Fire  Protection  Association  of  Bos- 
ton, etc. 

The  Board  indorsed  the  suggestion  that  an  advisory  coun- 
cil of  merchants  and  leading  citizens,  such  as  has  been  estab- 
lished in  New  York  City,  be  instituted  in  all  our  large  cities. 
It  also  indorsed  the  stand  taken  by  the  committee  on  the 
subject  of  uniform  legislation.  It  approved  the  appointment 
of  three  delegates  to  the  conference  on  uniform  State  laws 
held  at  Washington,  October  14,  1914.  The  Board  believed 
that  the  national  bankruptcy  act  has  failed  of  its  purpose  to 
afford  proper  relief  to  honest  debtors  and  at  the  same  time 
protect  the  interest  of  creditors.  It  recommended  that  effort 
be  made  through  amendment  to  this  act  to  so  change  the  meth- 
od of  procedure  under  it  that  it  may  accomplish  the  purpose 
originally  intended. 

The  Board  presented  resolutions  commending  the  establish- 
ment of  a  division  on  uniform  Federal  and  State  laws  by  the 
U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  authorizing  the  appoint- 
ment of  an  official  delegate  to  attend  the  annual  meetings  of 
the  American  Dairy,  Food  and  Drug  Officials,  indorsing  the 
effort  to  legalize  price  maintenance,  recommending  and  urging 
the  enactment  of  a  national  poison  law  which  will  bring  about 
uniform  poison  legislation,  expressing  hearty  sympathy  with 
the  proposal  to  obtain  practical  and  uniform  legislation  in 
regard  to  sale  at  retail  of  bichloride  of  mercury  tablets,  and 
requesting  the  press  of  the  country  to  refrain  from  publishing 
reports  of  suicides  and  accidental  poisoning  by  the  use  of 
drugs,  chemicals,  etc. 

The  Board  recommended  that  the  N.  W.  D.  A.  continue 
to  co-operate  with  all  organizations  having  for  their  object 
the  standardization  and  proper  labeling  of  drugs,  chemicals, 
etc.  The  Board  also  recommended  that  the  committee  on 
legislation  make  a  special  study  in  regard  to  poison  laws,  and 
suggested  that  in  case  sellers  omit  the  guarantee  from  the 
package  it  be  given  on  each  invoice.  It  agreed  with  the  re- 
port that  it  is  absolutely  necessary  for  the  jobber  to  have  the 
date  of  purchase  of  goods  returned  for  credit. 

The  Board  offered  resolutions  incorporating  the  following 
points : 

That  the  N.  W.  D.  A.  appreciates  the  action  taken  by  a 
number  of  manufacturers  during  the  year  who  have  increased 


524 


THE    PHxVRMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


their  discounts  to  jobbers;  that  proprietors  who  have  not  al- 
ready done  so  be  requested  to  make  reasonable  concessions; 
that  the  X.  W.  D.  A.  condemn  Uie  practice  of  manufacturers 
in  giving  "free"  goods,  and  that  attention  of  manufacturers 
of  proprietary  articles  be  called  to  statistics  compiled  by  \V. 
A.  Hover,  and  if  possible  arrange  a  schedule  that  will  afford 
the  jobber  a  margin  of  profit  on  fractional  quantities  that  will 
compensate  him  for  the  additional  expense  and  detail  required 
to  supply  them  to  the  trade. 

Other  recommendations  and  resolutions  promulgated  by  the 
Board  provided  for  the  following: 

The  indorsement  by  the  association  of  the  bill  now  before 
Congress  providing  for  a  uniform  freight  classification;  the 
presentation  of  a  request  that  the  railroad  rate  case  be  re- 
opened and  the  plea  of  the  railroads  for  increased  revenue 
be  considered;  that  the  N,  W.  D,  A.  continue  its  member- 
ship in  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  of  the  U.  S.  A.;  that  the 
incoming  president  appoint  a  committee  of  three  to  confer 
with  similar  committees  of  other  organizations  to  confer  upon 
the  advisability  of  forming  a  congress  of  national  drug  and 
pharmaceutical  bodies  under  the  auspices  of  the  A.Ph.A.,  and 
that  the  results  of  the  conference  be  reported  to  the  various 
organizations  and  to  the  A.Ph.A.  at  their  annual  meetings  in 
1915. 

The  report  of  tlie  Board  of  Control  was  adopted  as  pre- 
sented. 

Entertainment    Features 

The  entertainment  provided  for  the  wholesalers  was  various 
and  in  some  features  decidedly  novel.  Ranging  from  the  presi- 
dent's reception  in  the  ballroom  of  the  Claypool  to  a  special 
exhibition  race  on  the  great  Speedway  and  a  night  tour  of 
a  magnificent  pharmaceutical  laboratory,  operated  as  by  day 
solely  for  this  occasion,  this  phase  of  the  convention  pro- 
gram will  establish  a  record  in  the  history  of  the  association. 
A  musicale  for  the  ladies  at  the  home  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
J.  K.  Lilly,  a  tea  tendered  the  ladies  at  the  home  of  Mrs. 
William  Scott,  a  banquet  at  the  Claypool  and  a  visit  to 
French  Lick  Springs,  where  Thomas  Taggart  officiated  as 
host,  were  other  features. 

No  provisions  had  been  made  for  the  evening  spent  at  the 
laboratories  of  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  the  committee  having  planned 
a  theater  party  for  that  occasion.  At  a  late  date,  it  was 
obliged  to  announce  the  cancellation  of  the  party  and  it  was 
suggested  tbat  the  guests  visit  the  laboratories  of  the  above 
company.  The  officers  of  the  company  acquiesced  and  the  lab- 
oratories were  kept  in  full  operation.  Nearly  500  convention 
guests  visited  the  plant  during  the  evening.  President  J.  K. 
Lilly  and  Mrs.  Lilly  received,  and  special  guides  were  placed 
in  charge  of  the  various  parties,  of  which  there  were  nearly 
40. 

Every  department  was  in  operation  and  the  entire  plant 
was  brilliantly  lighted  from  top  to  bottom.  By  following  a 
selected  route  the  time  of  the  tour  was  reduced  to  two  hours. 
After  the  tour,  refreshments  were  served  in  the  assembly  room 
of  the  science  building. 


FREERICKS  AGAINST  PROPOSED  AMENDMENTS 


Ohio  Pli.A.  Opposes  Tax  on  Drug^ 
Following  a  special  meeting  of  the  Ohio  State  Pharmaceutical 
Association  held  at  Columbus,  where  some  of  the  leading  drug- 
gists of  the  State  met  to  consider  means  of  voicing  their  op- 
position to  the  tax  on  drugs  and  proprietary  medicines  pro- 
posed as  an  emergency  revenue  measure  in  Congress,  Theodore 
D.  Wetterstroem,  of  Cincinnati,  made  public  the  foUowinq 
telegram  which  was  sent  to  the  senators  and  representatives 
from  Ohio  on  behalf  of  the  organization :  "The  Ohio  State 
Pharmaceutical  Association  most  strenuously  objects  to  the 
placing  of  the  proposed  tax  on  proprietary  medicines,  which 
in  many  instances  are  necessities.  A  similar  tax  was  placed 
on  proprietaries  during  the  Spanish-American  war,  with  the 
result  that  the  manufacturer  increased  cost  of  same  to  the 
retail  druggists  by  6  per  cent.  This  proposed  tax  would  again 
increase  the  cost  of  proprietaries  and  add  to  the  burden  al- 
ready borne  by  the  druggists  through  the  increased  cost  of  all 
drugs  caused  by  the  war  tax." 

Mr.  Wetterstroem  stated,  on  his  return  to  Cincinnati,  that 
the  Association  will  co-operate  with  the  national  organization 
in  attempting  to  prevent  any  tax  on  drugs,  on  the  ground  that 
they  are  necessities,  which  should  not  be  taxed.  Another  im- 
portant step  taken  at  the  meeting  was  the  appointment  of  a 
committee  of  three  to  meet  with  a  like  committee  from  the  A. 
Ph. A.  and  with  the  authorities  of  the  State  University,  to  take 
steps  toward  the  cultivation  in  Ohio  of  medicinal  plants. 


Believes   Proposed   Law    Will   Permit   Commonwealth 
to  Sell  Drugs  As  Well  As  Insurance 

Wisconsin  druggists  arc  in  receipt  of  a  letter  from  Frank  H. 
Freericks  of  the  American  Druggists'  Fire  Insurance  Co.  of 
Cincinnati,  Ohio,  urging  the  pharmacists  to  vote  against  the 
constitutional  amendments,  which  aim  to  allow  the  State  o 
Wisconsin  to  engage  in  the  insurance  business,  but  which,  it 
is  believed  will  allow  the  State  to  engage  in  almost  any  line 
of  activity.  These  proposed  amendments  will  be  voted  upon 
this  Fall.  Mr.  Freericks  expresses  the  fear  that  the  State  may 
sometime  attempt  to  go  into  the  drug  business  and  he  asks 
the  druggists  of  the  State  to  take  action.  The  letter,  sent 
out  on  the  stationery  of  the  American  Druggists'  Fire  Insur- 
ance Co.,  says ; 

"If  the  State  is  to  go  into  the  insurance  business  how  long 
will  it  be  before  the  State  will  go  into  the  drug  business? 
The  ingenious  argument  is  made,  that  if  the  Slate  goes  into 
the  insurance  business,  it  will  sell  insurance  cheaper.  We 
know  that  the  State  cannot  possibly  sell  insurance  as  cheap 
as  w-e  sell  it,  and  believe  that  it  will  need  to  sell  at  a  much 
higher  price.  In  this  particular  case,  it  will  also  mean,  to 
take  bread  and  butter  from  thousands  of  men  throughout  Wis- 
consin, who  are  now  in  the  insurance  business  to  place  it  with 
men   who  are   looking  for  political  jobs. 

"The  greatest  obstacle  to  proper  political  life  is  the  political 
machine  built  up  for  individual  purposes.  If  the  State  goes 
into  the  fire  insurance,  it  will  enable  politicians  to  build  up 
an  enormous  machine  controlling  thousands  of  men. 

"The  settlement  of  fire  losses  is  frequently  involved  with 
differences  of  opinion.  If  trie  State  goes  into  the  fire  insur- 
ance business,  the  policyholder  will  practically  be  compelled  to 
take,  in  settlement  fcJr  his  loss,  what  some  minor  employe  of 
the  State  department  will  decide  to  give  him.  If  the  insured 
is  not  satisfied  to  take  what  the  State  will  give  him,  he,  of 
course,  can  bring  suit,  but  what  chance  does  the  individual 
policyholder  stand  against  the  State  as  compared  with  his  ad- 
vantage in  case  of  dispute  with  an  insurance  company. 

"Needless  to  say,  we  are  asking  your  co-operation  because 
of  self  interest." 


Maryland  Drug'  Firm  Drops  Ancient  Name 
What  is  said  to  be  the  oldest  drug  firm  in  Maryland  and 
perhaps  in  the  entire  East  has  gone  out  of  existence  in  so  far 
as  the  name  is  concerned.  This  is  the  firm  of  Dawson  & 
Jenkins,  which  was  founded  as  far  back  as  1778  at  Easton, 
Talbot  county,  Maryland,  the  place  having  been  conducted 
under  that  name  since  then.  The  personality  of  the  part- 
ners or  the  real  ow-nership  has  changed  from  time  to  time, 
but  the  firm  continued  to  be  Dawson  &  Jenkins,  until  re- 
cently, when  Thomas  H.  Jenkins,  a  descendant  of  an  original 
member,  withdrew  from  active  business,  and  James  A\^right, 
the  present  owner,  dropped  the  ancient  device,  deciding  to 
go  on  under  his  own  name.  Mr.  Wright  had  been  employed 
in  the  store  for  years. 


Seidlitz  Manufacturers  in  Financial  Straits 
Baltimore,  Oct.  15. — Attorney  S.  Howard  Millikin  and  J. 
Frank  Supplee.  Jr.,  were  appointed  receivers  for  the  Lemon 
Seltzer  Seidlitz  Company,  manufacturers  of  seidlitz  powders 
and  other  medicinal  preparations  at  7  South  Gay  street,  in  the 
Circuit  Court  No.  2  recently,  and  bonded  in  the  sum  of  $900. 
The  bill  of  complaint,  filed  by  H.  Gamse  Sc  Bro..  litho- 
graphers, alleged  that  the  company  owed  them  $528.29,  and 
was  insolvent.  The  company  consented  to  the  receivership, 
stating  that  owing  to  the  financial  depression  and  inability  to 
realize  promptly  on  its  large  investments  it  was  unable  to 
meet  its  obligations. 


Illinois  Ph. A.  Activities 

The  proceedings  of  the  35th  annual  meeting  of  the  Illinois 
Pharmaceutical  Association  were  recently  distributed  to  the 
members.  President  Baum  has  appointed  a  political  com- 
mittee auxiliary  to  the  legislative  committee  and  which  com- 
prises two  druggists  from  each  county  in  the  State,  102 
members  in  all.  Plans  are  now  being  made  for  amending 
the  pharmacy  law.  A  meeting  of  the  Executive  Committee  of 
the  Illinois  Ph. A.  will  be  held  in  Chicago  in  November  to 
consider  these  plans  and  to  take  action  on  other  association 
matters,   including  decision  as  to  place  of  next  annual  meeting. 


November,  1914] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


525 


UEVELOPMENTS    EASE    SOCIETY'S   WORK 


Kings  County  Ph.   S.   Need  Not  Fight  An   Obnoxious 
War  Tax  and  Is  In  a  Stronger  Position  on  182 

Since  the  October  meeting  of  the  Kings  County  Pharma- 
ceutical Society,  held  at  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy, 
State  Attorney-General  Parsons  has  handed  down  his  opinion 
anent  Board  of  Health  ordinance  182,  and  Congress  has  passed 
and  the  President  has  signed  the  war  tax  bill,  from  which 
medicines  and  proprietaries  have  been  eliminated.  These  two 
events  have  placed  a  different  perspective  on  much  of  the 
proceedings  of  that  meeting,  inasmuch  as  the  members  dis- 
cussed at  some  length  the  injustice  of  the  then  seeming  right 
of  the  Commissioner  of  Health  to  override  the  laws  of  the 
State  and  also  the  injustice  of  legislation  which  w'ould  make 
retail  druggists  alone  pay  the  war  tax  on  fixed  price  medica- 
ments. The  druggists  are  now  in  an  excellent  position  for 
the  prosecution  of  a  test  case,  should  the  Board  of  Health 
make  one  necessary,  while  the  other  cause  for  agitation  is  re- 
moved. 

Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson,  chairman  of  the  legislative  commit- 
tee, reported  on  the  Harrison  bill  situation  to  the  effect  that 
this  measure  was  still  in  conference,  having  been  passed  by 
the  House  of  Representatives  in  one  form  and  by  the  Senate  in 
another.  The  conference  has  yet  to  report  and  the  bill  prob- 
ably will  not  pass  at  this  session. 

Wm.  Morgan,  chairman  of  the  trade  matters  committee, 
was  instructed  to  conduct  the  society's  detail  work  on  the 
basis  of  previous  years.  J.  H.  Rehfuss'  suggestion  that  the 
committee  distribute  to  physicians  blotters  containing  official 
formulas  was  received  w-ith  approval.  Mr.  Morgan  suggested 
that  the  detail  man  advise  physicians  not  to  write  prescriptions 
for  high-priced  or  unobtainable  foreign  synthetics.  Otto 
Raubenheimer  suggested  that  it  might  be  well  to  advise  pre- 
scribing, where  possible,  sodium  in  preference  to  potassium 
salts.  The  committee  was  empowered  to  purchase  200  A.M. A. 
manuals  of  the  U.S.P.  and  N.F.  The  sum  of  SlOO  was  voted 
the  committee  to  continue  its  work.  A  recommendation  that 
the  society  hold  trade  matters  meetings  once  a  month  in  the 
college  building  was  referred  with  power  to  act  to  a  joint 
committee  consisting  of  the  trade  matters  and  affairs  pertain- 
ing to  pharmacy  committees. 

Otto  Raubenheimer  presented  an  interesting  explanation  as 
to  why  aspirin  had  gone  up  in  price.  He  got  his  version  from 
Hugo  Schweitzer,  he  said.  The  duty  on  salicylic  acid  had 
been  raised  and  it  was  hard  to  get.  The  duty,  how-ever,  is 
only  10  per  cent.  But  the  acetic  anhydride  used  in  the  process 
of  manufacture  is  not  made  in  this  country  and  cannot  be 
obtained  from  abroad.  The  manufacturers  in  this  country 
now  have  to  distill  their  own  anhydride. 

A  proposition  to  shorten  and  coin  synonyms  for  N.  F. 
names  was  referred  to  a  committee. 

The  sum  of  $50  was  voted  for  the  use  of  the  New  York 
Pharmaceutical  Conference. 

Treasurer  Adrian  Paradis  reported  a  balance  on  hand  of 
$351.82. 

According  to  T.  J.  France,  chairman  the  committee  on  su- 
pervision, the  college  has  enrolled  ISS  juniors  and  154  seniors, 
the  largest  classes  in  its  history. 


attention  to  the  smoothness  w-ith  which  the  machinery  of  the 
meeting  had  run,  and  brought  in  a  number  of  personal  touches 
which  were  enjoyed  fully  by  all  present.  Dr.  Wm.  C.  Ander- 
son then  presented  his  account  of  the  meeting  of  the  N.  A. 
R.  D.  at  Philadelphia  in  August,  whidi  was  fully  covered  in 
the  September  Er.\.  Dr.  Wm.  Mansfield  related  his  adven- 
tures at  the  New  York  State  Pharmaceutical  .Association  meet- 
ing, at  Saratoga  Springs,  and  was  followed  by  Dr.  Jeannot 
Hostmann,  with  an  account  of  the  New  Jersey  Pharmaceutical 
Association  meeting  at  Lake  Hopatcong.  The  latter  associa- 
tion seemed  to  be  pressi^.g  the  New  York  State  association 
very  hard  in  the  matter  of  membership. 

Mr.  Mayo  stated  that  the  papers  presented  before  the  Sci- 
entific Section  of  the  A. Ph. .A.  were  not  of  transcending  im- 
portance this  year,  and  that  in  all  probability  the  Ebert 
Prize  would  not  be  awarded.  He  spoke  in  such  glowing  terms 
of  Prof.  Edward  Kremers'  lecture  on  "Historical  Pharmacy" 
that  the  chair  appointed  him  an  informal  committee  of  one  to 
endeavor  to  bring  Prof.  Kremers  to  New  York  to  repeat  the 
lecture.  Discussion  of  the  reports  in  lighter  vein  became 
general. 


N.  Y.  BRANCH  HEARS  ASSOCIATION  REPORTS 


The  first  meeting  of  the  1914-1915  season  of  the  New  York 
Branch  of  the  .A. Ph. A.  was  held  at  the  New  York  College  of 
Pharmacy  on  the  evening  of  Oct.  19th,  and  although  the  pro- 
gram was  largely  routine,  the  meeting  was  a  most  enjoyable 
one.  For  the  first  time  in  many  months  so  many  members 
were  present  that  the  seating  capacity  of  the  meeting  room 
was  overtaxed,  and  several  w-ere  forced  to  make  use  of  other 
pieces  of  furniture  besides  chairs.  Prof.  H.  V.  Amy  presided, 
with  Frank  L.  McCartney  as  secretary. 

After  the  regular  opening  procedure.  Dr.  Geo.  C.  Diekman 
presented  his  report  on  the  progress  of  pharmacy,  which  was 
cut  rather  short  to  make  room  for  the  many  association  re- 
ports to  follow.  In  his  abstract  of  recent  legislative  develop- 
ments. Dr.  Wm.  C.  Anderson  related  the  progress  and  death 
of  the  amended  Section  182  of  the  Sanitary  Code.  The  feeling 
was  unanimous  that  the  conclusion  of  the  whole  affair  was 
the  only  logical  one,  in  view  of  the  contradiction  between  the 
new  section  and  the  Boylan  law. 

Caswell  A.  Mayo  then  gave  an  interesting  and  amusing  ac- 
count of  the  late  meeting  of  the  A.Ph.A.  at  Detroit.     He  called 


Philadelphia  Branch,  A.  Ph.  A. 

.At  the  first  regular  monthly  meeting  of  the  Philadelphia 
Branch  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.,  held  on  Oct.  6  at  the  Medico- 
Chirurgical  College,  Dr.  F.  E.  Stewart  called  attention  to  the 
proposed  tax  on  medicines  by  Congress  and  offered  a  reso- 
lution condemning  the  same,  whicli  was  adopted  and  ordered 
to  be  sent  to  the  proper  officials  at  Washington.  The  full 
text  of  the  resolution  is  as  follows : 

"Resolved,  That  the  Philadelphia  Branch  of  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association  most  earnestly  protest  against  the 
imposition  of  a  revenue  tax  upon  medicines,  because  it 
becomes  a  discriminating  tax  upon  retail  druggists,  in  that 
it  will  not  be  paid  by  the  manufacturer  or  the  ultimate  con- 
sumer, but  by  the  retail  druggist  as  can  be  shown  by  the 
history  of  the  Spanish-.^merican   war  tax." 

The  programme  of  the  evening  consisted  of  reports  of  the 
delegates  to  the  various  State  and  National  pharmaceutical 
meetings  held  during  the  summer.  The  meeting  of  the 
.A.Ph.A.  was  interestingly  reviewed  by  Prof.  J.  W.  Sturmer; 
Charles  Rehfuss  gave  his  impressions  of  the  Philadelphia 
convention  of  the  N..A.R.D.,  and  Dr.  R.  P.  Fischelis  re- 
ported the  events  which  took  place  at  the  meeting  of  the 
Pennsylvania  Ph. A.  at  Buena  Vista.  Professor  C.  H.  La  Wall 
gave  the  monthly  summary  of  current  pharmaceutical  liter- 
ature. 

J.  H.  Brewer  and  J.  .Atley  Dean  were  unanimously  elected 
to  membership.  President  Cook  read  the  resignation  of  Sec- 
retary-treasurer R.  P.  Fischelis  and  it  was  accepted  with  the 
regrets  of  the  association.  Professor  J.  Edward  Brewer  was 
unanimously  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  and  an  auditing  com- 
mittee was  appointed  to  verify  the  accounts  of  the  treasurer. 

Professor  Cook  in  reporting  for  the  committee  on  A.Ph.A. 
headquarters,  stated  that  this  committee  had  not  concluded 
any  definite  plans  owing  to  the  resignation  of  the  chairman, 
Howard  B.  French.  The  appointment  of  a  new  chairman 
was  postponed  until  the  next  meeting. 

The  reports  of  the  delegates  were  discussed  by  F.  M. 
Apple,  S.  C.  Henry  and   F.  E.  Stewart. 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  on  November  3d,  and  the 
chief  topic  for  discussion  will  be  the  preparations  of  the  new 
National  Formulary. 


Adulteration  of  Rose  Oil — 

.Admixture  of  geranium  oil  may  be  recognized  by  the  higher 
saponification  number  and  refractive  index,  and  the  practice  is 
now  prevalent  of  adding  stearoptenes,  ceril,  etc.,  to  restore 
these  figures  to  the  proper  values.  The  iodine  number  of 
several  Indian  or  Turkish  geranium  oils  lay  between  230  and 
250,  that  of  the  French  oils  between  170  and  176.3,  while  that 
of  true  rose  oils  was  between  170.8  and  189.1.  The  refractive 
reading  of  Palmarosa  oil  and  other  oils  used  as  adulter- 
ants is  greater  than  70.  For  French  geranium  oil  it  is  more 
than  60,  whereas  no  genuine  rose  oil  had  a  greater  value  than 
48,  with  44  as  the  lower  limit.  Careful  adulteration  is  very 
difficult  to  detect,  and  a  determination  of  all  constants  is  re- 
quired. The  Bulgarians  are  preparing  a  rose-concrete' by  ex- 
tracting the  fiowers  with  benzin,  over  300.000  kilos  of  roses 
being  worked  up  in  this  way  each  year.  The  constants  of 
this  product  are  also  given.  (Petkow,  Z.  Oeffentl  Chem 
1914,  p.  491.) 


526 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November,  1914 


PROM   AMONG   THE   ASSOCIATIONS 


At  a  recent  meeting  of  the  American  Medico-Pharmaceutical 
League,  Secretarj-  S.  F.  Brothers  announced  that  331  new 
members  had  been  elected  during  the  past  17  months.  A 
letter  from  the  New  York  State  Department  of  Health  was 
read  at  the  meeting.  It  was  to  the  effect  that  under  the 
Boylan  law  the  signature  of  a  prescribing  physician  was  his 
Christian  or  given  name,  the  initial  of  his  middle  names,  if 
there  be  any,  and  the  surname  in  full.  "John  David  Smith" 
should  sign  his  name  "John  D.  Smith." 

The  Chicago  Association  of  Drug  Clerks  at  a  recent  meet- 
ing held  at  the  Hotel  Sherman,  adopted  a  resolution  endors- 
ing the  nine-hour  working  day.  This  resolution  will  be  cir- 
culated for  signatures  among  all  the  clerks  and  employers  in 
the  city.  As  a  motive  for  the  movement  the  clerks  point  out 
that  because  they  never  get  a  day  off  in  which  to  rest,  they 
are  likely  to  make  mistakes  and  thus  jeopardize  human  life. 

Druggists  of  Yellowstone,  Stillwater,  Big  Horn,  Musselshell 
and  Carbon  counties,  Montana,  have  organized  the  Midland 
Empire  Retail  Druggists'  Association,  and  have  elected  as  of- 
ficers :  President,  Charles  J.  Chappie,  of  the  Chappie  Drug 
Co.,  Billings;  vice-president,  J.  W.  Corwin,  Park  City,  and 
secretary,  Fred  Russell,  Broadway  pharmacy,  Billings.  The 
new  organization  aims  to  bring  about  a  closer  relationship 
among  the  members  and  to  protect  their  co-operation. 

The  Missouri  Valley  Medical  Society  at  its  recent  meeting, 
held  at   Colfa.x,   la.,   endorsed  the  Harrison  anti-narcotic   bill. 

The  Douglas  County  (Nebr.)  Retail  Druggists'  Association, 
through  a  committee,  is  arranging  plans  whereby  the  entire 
membership  may  attend  the  Panama  Exposition.  This  will  in- 
clude many  of  the  druggists  of  Omaha. 

The  executive  committee  of  the  Te.xas  State  Ph. A.  met  re- 
cently in  tlie  Chamber  of  Commerce  at  Dallas  and  adopted 
resolutions,  which  if  enacted  into  law  will  practically  elimi- 
nate the  sale  of  habit-forming  drugs  except  upon  prescription. 
A  revision  of  the  State  pharmacy  law  was  also  discussed,  the 
members  of  the  committee  expressing  the  opinion  that  the 
law  should  be  more  exacting  of  applicants  for  license,  etc. 
Among  those  in  attendance  were  President  Walter  D.  Adams, 
of  Forney;  Secretary  E.  G.  Eberle,  of  Dallas,  and  John  W. 
Covey,  of  Fort  Worth. 

The  Iowa  State  Ph..^.  executive  committee,  in  session  at 
Mason  City  recently,  selected  Clear  Lake  as  the  next  place  of 
meeting.    Date  of  meeting  will  be  June  8,  9  and  10. 

The  Arizona  Ph..\.  recently  adopted  resolutions  strenuously 
protesting  against  the  proposed  amendment  to  the  State  con- 
stitution which  would  virtually  prohibit  the  importation  and 
sale  of  alcohol  for  any  purpose,  or  under  any  pretense  by  drug- 
gists or  other  persons  or  by  medical  men  in  the  treatment  of 
the  sick.  The  acting  secretary  was  instructed  to  request  the 
aid  and  support  of  the  Arizona  Medical  .Association  in  its  ef- 
fort to  defeat  the  proposed  amendment. 

The  Mississippi  State  Pharmaceutical  Association,  through 
President  J.  C.  McGee,  has  purchased  a  bale  of  cotton  at  ten 
cents  per  pound.  The  members  are  being  congratulated  upon 
being  good  B-.\-B'ists. 

The  Women's  Club  of  the  Allied  Drug  Trade  of  Chicago 
held  its  first  fall  reception  and  luncheon  at  the  Hotel  Sherman. 
A  tableau  of  Chicago,  presented  by  Mrs.  George  Miyen,  as- 
sisted by  Miss  Florence  Zuber  and  Miss  Esther  Pelikan,  was 
the  principal  feature  of  the  affair.  Mrs.  Louis  Didier  was  in 
charge  of  the  program,  which  consisted  of  songs  by  Mrs. 
Ruth  G.  Babler,  violin  solos  by  Arthur  de  Macy  and  inter- 
pretative dancing  by  Miss  Marcella  Briggs.  Mrs.  William 
Gallagher  was  social  chairman  of  the  day  and  was  assisted 
in  receiving  the  members  by  the  club  officers. 

The  members  of  the  Greater  New  York  Pharmaceutical  So- 
ciety, at  its  recent  meeting  at  Saengerbund  hall,  Brooklyn,  de- 
cided to  fight  for  a  continuation  of  the  suspension  of  the  en- 
forcement of  Board  of  Health  ordinance  182.  President  Lewis 
asserted  that  the  household  remedies  affected  by  the  ordinance 
were  needed  in  everv'  home.  Dr.  Thomas  Dixon,  president  of 
the  Federation  of  the  Medical  Economic  League,  who  was  to 
have  delivered  the  principal  address  at  the  meeting,  was  un- 
able to  attend,  and  sent  his  regrets. 

The  druggists  of  Brunswick,  Ga.,  have  organized  and  elected 
the  following  officers:  President,  J.  Sidney  Roberts;  vice-presi- 
dent, A;  S.  Branch;  secretary  and  treasurer,  S.  C.  Josie.  Every 
retail  druggist  in  that  city  is  a  member.  The  organization 
will  meet  every  month  and  will  consider  every  question  of  in- 
terest to  the  local  trade.     The  first  business  consummated  was 


to  close  all  drug  stores  on  Sundays  between  the  hours  of  11 
A.  M.  and  2  P.  M. 


ANOTHER  IMPOSTOR  ACTIVE 


Editor   thk  Ph.\pmaceutical   Er.\: — 

Reading  in  your  October  issue  of  two  impostors  plying  their 
trade  reminded  me  of  an  experience  I  had  on  September  13th. 
At  about  2  P.  M.  of  that  day,  which  was  Sunday,  I  received 
a  phone  call  at  my  home  in  New  York  City;  the  caller  gave 
the  name  of  Mr.  Shirley  of  the  Standard  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  to  whom  we  sell.  He  said  that  he  had  just  arrived  from 
Boston  on  his  bridal  tour,  and  saying  that  he  would  like  to 
see  me  for  a  few  minutes,  asked  for  directions  to  reach  my 
house.  After  his  arrival  we  conversed  for  about  half  an  hour, 
and  then  came  his  tale  of  woe,  to  the  effect  that  while  on 
the  train  his  pocket  had  been  picked  by  a  fellow  passenger,  a 
young  man,  who  had  taken  his  purse  with  $400,  and  his  watch. 
I  anticipated  his  request  by  offering  $5  or  $10,  and  he  ac- 
cepted the  latter  sum,  saying  that  he  would  return  it  at  my 
office  Monday  morning. 

I  asked  for  a  card  of  identification,  and  he  gave  the  natural 
explanation  that  all  his  cards,  with  the  exception  of  one,  had 
been  taken  with  his  purse.     The  remaining  one  read : 


STANDARD  DRUG  COMPANY 
9th  &  Bolivar  Road 
Cleveland,  Ohio 
Represented  by  W.  E.  SHIRLEY. 


Which  card  I  now  have.  When  he  did  not  arrive  by  Tues- 
day morning,  I  wrote  to  the  Standard  Drug  Co.,  explaining 
the  matter.  They  replied  that  their  Mr.  Shirley  had  no 
brother,  nor  did  they  have  anyone  else  in  their  employ  of 
that  name;  that  the  newcomer  was  a  fraud,  and  that  they 
had  forwarded  a  complaint  to  the  New  York  police.  The 
description  I  gave  the  detectives  was  "man  about  28  years 
old,  dark  complexion,  smooth  face,  weight  about  150  lbs.,  wore 
dark  clothes,  stiff  black  hat."  As  yet,  I  have  heard  nothing 
more. 

Yours  very  truly, 

E.  D.  BRASHAW, 
c/o  Robertson  Candy  Co. 
New  York,  October  15,  1914. 


W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  Organization  Rules 

The  following  alphabetical  rules  for  efficient  organization 
work  are  being  widely  copied.  They  come  from  the  ready 
brain  of  the  Secretary  of  the  W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  They  will 
bear  careful  reading  and  daily  living.  It  has  been  proposed 
that  this  alphabet  be  printed  upon  a  card  and  sold  for  the 
benefit  of  the  General  Federation  of  Women's  Clubs. 
A. — .Aid  with  your  present  at  all  meetings. 

-Answer   this  question :     What  kind  of  an   organ- 
ization would  yours  be  if  every  member  in  it  were 
just  like  me? 
B. — Be  on  time,  especially  at  Committee  meetings. 
C. — Call    on    the    sick ;    visit    those    in    trouble.      Co- 
operate. 
D. — Do  not  refuse  to  serve  in  any  capacity  when  re- 
quested to  do  so. 
E. — Enthusiasm   will   put   everybody   to   work,   so   no- 
body can  shirk. 
F. — Faithful  to  every  promise  made. 
G. — Give  unstintingly  of  love,  trust  and  energy. 
H. — Hope    for   complete   success   in   all   work   under- 
taken. 
I. — Ignore  all  slights. 
J. — Justice  to  all. 

K. — Keep  in  close  touch  as  possible  with  your  mem- 
bership. 
L. — Loyalty  to  principles  and  the  cause  you  are  work- 
ing  for. 
M. — Meet  all  appointments  promptly. 
N. — Never  give  up.     Keep  everlastingly  at   it. 
O. — Onward   and   upward.      A   little   every   day. 
P. — Put  your  best  self  into  what  you  do  and  say.  ' 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


527 


Q. — Quality  of  work,  rather  than  quantity,  be  your 
aim. 

R. — Report  everytliing  of  interest  to  the  Club,  but 
never  gossip  or  make  unkind  remarks, 

S. — Stand  back  of  the  officers  you  have  chosen. 

T. — Take  hold  and  help  lift,   do  not  hinder  others. 

U. — -Use  tact.  Bear  in  mind  always — it  is  not  so 
much  what  we  say,  as  how-  we  say  it,  that 
arouses  interest  or  provokes  opposition. 

V. — Volunteer  your  services  in  every  emergency. 

W. — Wide  open  eyes  to  see  the  wrongs  you  may  help 
to  right,  and  the  great  need  of  workers  in  every 
phase  of  life. 

X. — E.xchange  smiles. 

Y. — Yield  not  to  indifference. 

Z. — Zealous  for  the  good  reputation  of  your  organ- 
ization. 

Nellie   F.  Lee, 

President   Philadelphia   Chapter  No.   6. 

W.   O.   N.   A.  R.   D. 


LABELING  OF  MEDICINES 


Pertinent  Suggestions  from  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry 
Begarding  Manufacturers'   Claims 

Washington',  Oct.  15. — In  answer  to  many  inquiries  as  to 
proper  labeling  for  medicinal  preparations  to  comply  with  the 
Food  and  Drugs  Act  as  amended,  the  Department  of  -"Agricul- 
ture, through  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry,  has  issued  the  fol- 
lowing suggestions  to  makers  and  proprietors  of  medicinal 
preparations : 

1.  CiATMs  OE  Therapeutic  ErrECrs. — A  preparation  can- 
not be  properly  designated  as  a  specific,  cure,  remedy,  or  rec- 
ommended as  infallible,  sure,  certain,  reliable  or  invaluable,  or 
bear  other  promises  of  benefit  unless  the  product  can  as  a 
matter  of  fact  be  depended  upon  to  produce  the  results  claimed 
for  it.  Before  making  any  such  claim  the  responsible  party 
should  carefully  consider  whether  the  proposed  representations 
are  strictly  in  harmony  with  the  facts;  in  other  words,  whether 
the  medicine  in  the  light  of  its  composition  is  actually  capable 
of  fulfilling  the  promises  made  for  it.  For  instance,  if  the 
broad  representation  that  the  product  is  a  remedy  for  certain 
diseases  is  made,  as,  for  example,  by  the  use  of  the  word 
"remedy"  in  the  name  of  the  preparation,  the  article  should 
actually  be  a  remedy  for  the  affections  named  upon  the  label 
under  all  conditions  .irrespective  of    kind  and  cause. 

2.  Indirect  Statei.ients. — Not  only  are  direct  statements 
and  representations  of  a  misleading  character  objectionable,  but 
any  suggestion,  hint,  or  insinuation,  direct  or  indirect,  or  de- 
sign or  device  that  may  tend  to  convey  a  misleading  impression 
should  be  avoided.  This  applies,  for  example,  to  such  state- 
ment as  "has  been  widely  recommended  for,"  followed  by  un- 
warranted therapeutic  claims. 

3.  Indefinite  and  Sweeping  Terms. — ^Representations 
that  are  unwarranted  on  account  of  indefiniteness  of  a  gen- 
eral sweeping  character  should  be  avoided.  For  example,  the 
statement  that  a  preparation  is  "for  kidney  troubles"  conveys 
the  impression  that  the  product  is  useful  in  the  treatment  of 
kidney  affections  generally.  Such  a  representation  is  mislead- 
ing and  deceptive  unless  the  medicine  in  question-  is  actually 
useful  in  all  of  these  affections.  For  this  reason  it  is  usually 
best  to  avoid  terms  covering  a  number  of  ailments,  such  as 
"skin  diseases,  kidney,  liver  and  bladder  affections,"  etc. 
Rheumatism,  dyspepsia,  eczema  and  the  names  of  many  other 
affections  are  more  or  less  comprehensive,  and  their  use  un- 
der some  circumstances  would  be  objectionable.  For  example, 
a  medicine  should  not  be  recommended  for  rheumatism  unless 
it  is  capable  of  fulfilling  the  claims  and  representations  made 
for  it  in  all  kinds  of  rheumatism.  To  represent  that  a  medi- 
cine is  useful  for  rheumatism,  w-hen  as  a  matter  of  fact  it  is 
useful  in  only  one  form  of  rheumatism,  would  be  misleading; 
such  statements  as  "for  some  diseases  of  the  kidney  and  liver," 
"for  many  forms  of  rheumatism,"  are  objectionable,  an  ac- 
count of  indefiniteness. 

Names  like  "heart  remedy,"  "kidney  pills,"  "blood  purifier," 
"nerve  tonic,"  "bone  liniment,"  "lung  balm,"  and  other  terms 
involving  the  names  of  parts  of  the  body  are  objectionable 
for  similar  reasons. 

4.  Testimonials. — Testimonials,  aside  from  the  personal 
aspect  given  them  by  their  letter  form,  hold  out  a  general 
representation    to   the    public    for   which    the    party    doing   the 


labeling  is  held  to  be  responsible.  The  fact  that  a  testimonial 
is  genuine  and  honestly  represents  the  opinion  of  the  person 
writing  it  does  not  justify  its  use  if  it  creates  a  misleading 
impression  with  regard  to  the  results  which  the  medicine  will 
produce. 

No  statement  relative  to  the  therapeutic  effects  of  medicinal 
products  should  be  made  in  the  form  of  a  "testimonial"  which 
would  be  regarded  as  unwarranted  if  made  as  a  direct  state- 
ment of  the  manufacturer. 

5.  Refund  Guarantee. — Statements  on  the  labels  of  drugs 
guaranteeing  them  to  cure  certain  diseases  or  money  refunded 
may  be  so  worded  as  to  be  false  and  fraudulent  and  to  con- 
stitute misbranding.  Misrepresentations  of  this  kind  are  not 
justified  by  the  fact  that  the  purchase  price  of  the  article  is 
actually  refunded  as  promised. 

Chicago  Drug  Club  Elects  Schaper  President 

At  the  recent  regular  meeting  of  the  Chicago  Drug  Club, 
held  at  the  Hotel  Sherman,  the  following  officers  were 
elected : 

President,  Henry  F.  Schaper ;  first  vice-president,  Charles 
E.  Knight;  second  vice-president,  Joseph  A.  Swanson;  third 
vice-president,  H.  M.  Moffett ;  recording  secretary,  John 
Peetz;  financial  secretary,  John  M.  Schwalbe;  treasurer,  Carl 
A.  Abrahamson ;  sergeant-at-arms,  Iver  L.  Quales ;  member 
of  board  of  directors.  Ad.  Umenhofer;  chairman  of  the  en- 
tertainment committee,  Peter  J.  Roth,  and  vice-chairman  of 
entertainment  committee,   W.  C.   Comstock. 

Commodore  Iver  L.  Quales  officiated  as  toastmaster  at  the 
usual  social  session  which  following  the  meeting.  A  high- 
class  program  of  five  cabaret  acts  furnished  the  entertain- 
ment for  the  evening.  Following  this  feature,  a  delicious. 
"Dutch"  lunch  was  served  with  plenty  of  liquid  refreshments 
and  smokes. 

The  membership  of  the  club  has  now  exceeded  the  500 
mark  and  more  than  two-thirds  of  the  members  were  pres- 
ent on  this  enjoyable  occasion. 

French  Perfumers  Victims  of   War 

M.  Paul  Jeancard,  of  the  firm  of  Chiris,  Jeancard  &  Cie., 
the  well-known  French  perfume  house,  was  badly  wounded  in 
one  of  the  engagements  on  the  French  battlefields,  and  is  now 
reported  to  be  recovering  at  the  Lyons  Hospital. 

M.  Jean  Sicard,  of  Pierre  Sicard  &  Cie.,  another  French 
perfume  firm,  joined  his  regiment  at  the  front,  and  was  re- 
ported as  missing  on  September  22nd.  Since  that  date  no 
news  has  come  from  him,  and  it  is  believed  that  he  has  been 
killed. 

The  Grasse,  France,  "Revue"  mentions  MM.  Morena  and 
Henri  Bompard,  perfumers,  as  among  those  citizens  of  Grasse 
who  are  reported  to  have   been   wounded. 

Photographic  Paste 

Wheat    flour     J4  pound 

Alum    1  dram 

Boric   acid    1  dram 

Water    ^  pint  j 

Make  a  smooth   paste  and  add 

Acetic    acid    1  fl.  ounce 

Water     1  pint 

Mix    and    heat    with   constant   stirring   until    nearly    gelatin- 
ous.    If  too  stiff,  add  more  water.     When  nearly  cool  add 
Oil  of  clo.ves    20  drops 

Phenol    or   other   preservative  may   be   used   if  desired. 

Homeopathic    Pharmacopoeia 

(W.  H.  W.  &  S.)— There  are  two  homeopathic  pharma- 
acopoeias  recognized  by  practitioners  of  the  Hahnemanian 
schools  of  medicine  in  this  country,  viz.,  "The  Pharmacopoeia 
of  the  American  Institute  of  Homeopathy,"  published  by  Otis 
Clapp  &  Son,  Boston,  Mass.,  and  the  "American  Homeopathic 
Pharmacopoeia,"  published  by  Boericke  &  Tafel,  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  As  we  have  stated,  both  books  are  considered  equally 
authoritative  by  homeopaths,  and  may  be  purchased  through 
any  dealer  in  medical  books.  The  U.S.  Pharmacopoeia  is  the 
only  pharmacopoeia  that  is  recognized  by  name  in  the  text  of 
the  Federal  Food  and  Drugs  Act. 

The  Philippine  Islands  produce  nearly  10,000,000  gallons  ef 
alcohol  yearly.  Most  of  the  entire  product  is  made  from  the 
sap  of  the  pipa  palm  that  grows  in  great  abundance  in  various 
swamps  of  the  country. 


■,99. 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


Schools  and  Colleges 


Ne-w  York  College  of  Pharmacy 

The  first  meeting,  during  the  S5th  college  session,  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees,  was  held  October  6,  among  those  in  at- 
tendance being  Provost  William  H.  Carpenter,  Ernest  Stauffen, 
Edward  \V.  Runyon  and  Robert  Lehman,  all  of  whom  had 
returned  from  Europe  but  a  few  days  previous.  They  were 
in  Germany  at  the  time  war  was  declared.  At  this  meeting, 
the  following  seniors  who  had  passed  the  fall  examinations, 
were  graduated: 

Lena  O.  Ager.  Edward  A.  Atwood,  Edward  Cragg,  jr., 
.\ntonio  Franceschi,  Anthony  Galateria,  JL  P.  Gordon,  Lud- 
wig  Lechner,  Abram  S.  Lcnt,  Clarence  S.  Lord,  Jerome  E. 
Martus,  Daniel  \V.  Odell,  Rose  Ofrias.  T.  G.  Osbom.  Roy 
M.  Peddie,  Duncan  Rose,  Robert  Schwersens,  Samuel  Siegel, 
Daniel  M.  Toomey  and  Samuel  B.  Wright. 

On  October  15,  Dean  Rusby  gave  a  public  lecture  at  Colum- 
bia L^niversity,  on  South  America.  On  November  14,  at  the 
Xew  York  Botanical  Garden,  he  will  deliver  a  lecture  on  the 
effect  of  radium  on  field  crops. 

At  the  time  the  registration  books  for  the  8Sth  session  were 
closed,  the  following  totals  had  been  reached: 

Junior  class,  287;  senior,  168;  first  year  university,  20;  sec- 
ond year  university,  19;  post  graduates,  S;  food  and  drug 
course,  1;  evening  course,  13;  special  students,  7,  and  summer 
course,  32. 

Of  the  last  year's  vmiversity  class,  the  following  are  at  the 
College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons : 

Louis  V.  Mango,  Charles  Weinreb,  Benjamin  H.  Crystal, 
Harold  T.  Brotherton,  Jerome  H.  Martus,  Isidore  Ritten  and 
Harry  Wirklich. 

Edward  Eichacker  is  at  the  Long  Island  Medical  College. 

.\n  interesting  collection  of  pharmaceutical,  chemical  and 
botanical  works  dating  back  to  the  16th  century  are  on  ex- 
hibition in  the  libran-. 


University  of  Illinois  School  of  Pharmacy 

Two  hundred  students,  108  juniors  and  92  seniors,  is  the 
total  enrolment  of  the  University  of  Illinois  School  of  Pharm- 
acy which  has  just  opened  its  55th  session. 

Miss  Frances  E.  Wells,  '05,  was  married  September  23rd  to 
Benjamin  T.  Robinson.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Robinson  will  reside 
at  Mortons  Gap,  Ky. 

Andrew  B.  Helstrom,  '11,  and  Miss  Hilda  C.  Johnson  were 
married  at  Minneapolis  October  5th. 

Thomas  H.  Wile,  '05,  of  Te.xarkana,  .Ark.,  is  the  proud 
father  of  a  girl,  bom  September  22nd  and  who  has  been 
christened  Frances  M.  Wile. 

Karl  V.  Gambell,  '14,  and  Miss  Margaret  Jil.  Barr  were 
married  September  2nd.  The  young  couple  will  reside  at  1149 
East  61st  street,  ilr.  Gambell  is  pharmacist  for  A'ander 
Bogart  &  Ross. 


Iowa  State  University  Colleg-e  of  Pharmacy 

C.  G.  Park,  '98,  was  called  to  Iowa  City  recently  by  the 
death  of  his  mother.   Mrs.  Margaret  Park. 

Edward  Schenkenberger,  '09,  who  is  now  located  at  Fairview, 
Montana,   recently  underwent  an   operation   for  appendicitis. 

The  first  'Varsity  football  game  of  the  season  occurred 
October  2,  the  State  Teachers'  College  being  beaten  95  to  0. 

Phi  Delta  Chi  has  announced  the  following  pledges:  Loron 
Marsh  and  R.  E.  Everly.  Canton.  III.;  W.  R.  Jennings,  Red 
Oak;  R.  E.  Neidig.  Iowa  City;  C.  A.  Pates  and  H.  S.  Pot- 
ter, Jefferson;  W.  F.  Meads,  State  Center,  and  C.  B.  Ander- 
son, Sheldon. 

M.  F.  Coontz,  '09,  is  again  affiliated  with  the  Red  Cross 
Drug  Co..  at  Waterloo. 

F.  E.  Judy,  '08,  has  sold  his  drug  store  at  Council  Bluffs 
to  Mr.  Schwan,  of  Wiota. 

D.  H.  Schalekamp,  '10,  who  has  been  in  the  employ  of 
Schuster,  at  Cherokee,  has  purchased  a  part  interest  in  a 
pharmacy  at  Sutherland. 

Ernest  Simpson.  '11,  has  purchased  the  interest  of  his  part- 
ner in   the  business  of  Simpson  &  Walters.  Waterloo. 

The  Mortar  and  Pestle  society  entertained  the  new  students 
on  the  evening  of  Oct.  2.  Games  and  contests  of  special  in- 
terest to  pharmacists  added  pleasure   to  the  occasion.     Dean 


Teeters  spoke  briefly  of  the  advantages  of  membership  in 
such  an  organization.  Mr.  Doden  in  behalf  of  the  alumni 
spoke  of  the  value  of  college  and  university  spirit.  Miss 
Campbell  as  president  invited  all  to  become  members. 

.\mong  the  members  of  the  State  Ph..\.  legislative  com- 
mittee are"  the  following  graduates:  J.  H.  Jericho,  '89;  J. 
H.  Kenefick,  '91;  C.  C.  Narum,  '06;  J.  M.  Ale.\ander,  '97; 
R.  W.  Haney,  '97;  J.  D.  Royer,  '98;  I.  A.  .\nderson,  '09; 
E.  H.  Rickman,  '10,  and  E.  D.  Corr,  '98. 

Philip  Sijfle,  '09,  of  Clinton,  recently  made  a  short  visit 
to  the  college. 

W.  T.  Coffnian,  '04,  was  in  the  city  recently.  He  is  trav- 
eling for  tlie  Thompson  Malted  Milk  Co.  with  territory  west 
of  Denver,  in  which  city  he  resides. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Elmer  Steele  announce  the  marriage  of 
their  daughter,  Emma  !Minerva,  to  H.  E.  Weld  on  Sep- 
tember 16,  at  Richland.  Mr.  Weld  graduated  in  1912  and 
soon  after  went  into  business  at  Richland. 

C.  A.  Scrimeour,  '93,  has  disposed  of  his  pharmacy  at 
Belle  Plaine  to  .•\.  F.  Bender. 

P.  K.  Huston,  of  AUerton,  Iowa,  senior  pharmic,  is  a 
candidate  for  the  'varsity  football  team. 

The  Phi  Delta  Chi  fraternity  gave  a  smoker  to  the  new 
students  in  the  College  of  Pharmacy  recently.  Phi  Delta  Chi 
members  stand  high  in  scholarship  and  are  real  live  boosters 
for   the   college. 


University  of  Oklahoma 

The  school  year  opened  on  September  24  with  quite  an 
increase  in  enrollment.  The  four-year  course  in  pharmacy 
has  eleven  students.  The  school  now  offers  the  Ph.G.  degree 
for  two  years'  work  and  the  Ph.C.  degree  for  three  years' 
work.  The  B.  S.  in  Pharmacy  degree  will  be  offered  for  four 
years'  work. 

Professor  C.  H.  Stocking,  dean,  attended  the  aimual  meet- 
ing of  the  A.Ph.A.  at  Detroit. 

Professor  Edwin  DeBarr,  head  of  the  department  of  chem- 
istry, has  returned  from  a  year's  study  in  Germany.  Dr.  De- 
Barr did  research  work  in  industrial  and  organic  chemistry 
while  abroad. 

Howard  Cain,  Ph.C.  '14,  is  located  at  Bristow,  where  he 
is  engaged  in  pharmacy. 

Clarence  Xichols.  B.S.  '14.  is  enrolled  in  the  graduate  school 
of  the   University  of  Michigan. 

C.  P.  Murphy,  Ph.C.  '13,  was  a  visitor  between  trains  the 
last  week.  He  was  on  his  way  to  inspect  a  couple  of  stocks 
of  drugs  with  the  idea  of  purchasing. 

Charles  Wails,  who  expects  to  take  his  degree  in  June,  is 
representing  the  School  of  Pharmacy  on  the  'A'arsity  football 
team.  He  has  been  playing  a  good,  consistent  game  at  half 
back. 

Claude  Johnson  has  been  appointed  assistant  in  pharmacy 
for  the  school  year  in  place  of  Paul  Mills  who  was  unable  to 
return. 

Edwin  Houston,  Ph.C.  '12,  writes  that  he  and  Mrs.  Houston 
are  very  pleasantly  located  at  Ardmore,  where  he  has  a  good 
position  in  the  Coleman  Drug  Store. 

Rho  chapter.  Phi  Delta  Chi,  is  very  pleasantly  located  this 
year  in  a  ten  room  house  on  the  Boulevard. 


NE'WS  FBOM  THE  COLLEGES 


The  application  of  the  Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy  for 
registration  in  Xew  York  State  was  denied  by  the  New  York 
Board  of  Regents  at  its  recent  meeting  at   .•Mbany. 

The  Southern  College  of  Pharmacy  at  its  recent  exercises, 
held  at  the  .Atlanta  Theater,  .\tlanta.  Ga.,  graduated  35  stu- 
dents. Dr.  .\.  R.  Holderby  delivered  the  commencement  ad- 
dress, and  Dr.  L.  F.  Stephens  conferred  the  degrees. 

Extensive  plans  are  being  made  for  the  establishment  of 
a  drug  garden  at  the  University  of  Nebraska,  at  Lincoln.  The 
garden  will  be  one  of  the  largest  of  its  kind  in  the  country. 
The  pharmacy  department  at  the  present  time  has  a  small 
drug  garden  which  is  near  the  road  testing  laboratories,  in 
which  location  the  sun  is  too  hot  and  the  space  available  is 
too  limited.  While  in  the  East  this  summer.  Dean  Rufus  A. 
Lyman  had  a  consultation  with  Dr.  W.  W.  Stockeberger.  who 
has  charge  of  the  government  gardens  at  Washington.  The 
latter  was  very  much  interested  in  Dr.  L^Tnan's  plans.  The 
universities  of  Jlichigan,  Wisconsin  and  ilinnesota  have  drug 
gardens,  smaller,  however,  than  the  one  in  making  at  Lincoln. 


November.  191-1:1 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


529 


Board  Examinations 


KANSAS 

Ellsworth,  Oct.  10.— \V.  E.  Sheniff,  secretary,  announces  the 
names  of  the  successful  applicants  who  took  the  recent  examina- 
tion  of   the   Board   of   Pharmacy    at    Leavenworth   as   follows: 

Pharmacists:  T.  Murrell  Aldridge,  Kansas  City;  Ernest  E. 
Gates,  Galena;  G.  G.  Hall,  Salina;  Clarence  R.  Kenney,  McFar- 
land;  Harry  E.  Price,  Kansas  City;  Anthony  K.  Snyder.  Win- 
field;  Chris'  Yager.  Hiattville;  Louie  K.  Bacon,  Holton;  Wesley 
F.  J.  Hass,  Leavenworth;  Emsley  L.  Johnson,  Lawrence;  Ralph 
T.  McAnly,  Wellington;  George  L.  Reif,  jr.,  Leavenworth  and 
Claiide    B.    Wandell,    Lawrence. 

Pharmicists  registered  on  diploma  from  recognized  colleges  of 
pharmacy:  Charles  A.  Benkleman.  McDonald;  Earl  L.  Warren, 
Sedan;  Wm.  F.  Rau,  Wakefield;  Sidney  Grant  Gvvinner,  Chanute; 
Roy  L.  Miller,  Hays  City;  Tudor  M.  Stevenson,  Oberlin;  Albert 
J.  Dowis,  Cherokee;  W.  Lee  Turly,  Fredonia  and  Myrle  D.  Ran- 
dall,  Cherokee. 

Pharmacists  registered  by  reciprocity:  Charles  H.  Miller, 
Junction  City;  L.  L.  Mulni.x,  Potwin;  Chas.  W.  Carlisle,  Emporia 
and  Wm.   V.    Drennan,   Kansas  City. 

Pharmacists  restored  to  the  register:  Leonard  A.  Doan,  Pitts- 
burg; J.  J.  Ebnother,  Hill  City;  O.  B.  Rees,  Great  Bend;  Fred 
J.  Pfaff,  Pittsburg;  B.  F.  Mouser,  Kansas  City;  Delton  Sparr, 
Bluff  City;  F.  B.  Snyder,  Wellington;  Ray  C.  McCoy,  Partridge; 
Geo.  F.  St.  John.  Kansas  City;  J.  M.  Hutchinson,  Jewell  City; 
A.  J.  Gennette.  Clifton;  Francis  A.  Lake,  Ozawkie;  J.  C.  Jordan, 
Wichita;  Harry  Romigh,  Wichita  and  G.  J.  Southworth,  Medicine 
Lodge. 

Duplicate  certificates  issued:  W.  H.  Kinney.  Coffeyville. 
Temporary  certificates  issued,  L.  H.  McNaught,  Girard;  Glen  Mar- 
tin,   Oneida    and    Fern    L.    Robertson,    Udall. 

Licenses  were  also  issued  to  219  merchants.  The  next  meeting 
of  the  board  will  be  held  at  Ft.  Scott  on  Nov.  18  and  19.  Appli- 
cants desiring  to  take  the  examination  should  notify  the  secre- 
tary   at    least    five    days    before    the    meeting. 


IOWA 

Des  Moines,  Oct.  10.— Twelve  candidates  out  of  a  class  of  forty- 
one  were  successful  in  securing  state  pharmacy  certiticates  at  the 
recent  examination.  Their  names  follow:  Fred  S.  Bryant,  Des 
Moines:  O.  E.  Ferguson,  Dallas  Center;  J.  R.  _  Gurtel,  Des 
Moines;  Balzer  A.  Jessen,  Arcadia;  Bretislay  Kubicek,  Des 
Moines;  Glen  E.  Mase,  Washington;  Irl  D.  Mix,  Oskaloosa;  Leo 
K.  Nelson,  Carroll;  Walter  A.  Nigg,  Merrill;  Henry  G.  Raveling, 
Rock  Rapids;  Charles  E.  Westering,  Des  Moines;  Clarence  Wraya, 
Bloomfield. 


NEW  YORK 

Albany.  Oct.  15.— At  the  September  examinations  of  the  New 
York  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  held  at  New  York  City,  Buffalo, 
and   Albany,   the   following   applicants   were   successful: 

Pharmacists:  Edward  Martin  Cole,  Irving  F.  Richmond,  Ge.irge 
James  Donovan,  Leo  Ganbarg.  Abraham  Lichterman,  Julius 
Siegel.  Orrin  Hertz,  Jacob  Wesserman.  Joseph  Potechin,  Alfred 
F.  Calvelli,  Nicholas  Joseph  Vitale,  Louis  Friedman,  Robert 
Uanchig,  Samuel  Bean,  Isadore  Hamburger,  Herman  Cohen,  Anton 
J.  Martinek,  Herman  Katzen,  Kate  Kramer,  John  D.  A.  Hogan, 
William  Banchefsky.  Edmund  Bentkowski,  Harry  A.  Bartholomew, 
Manfred  Simon.  Morris  Stuzin.  Edward  Cragg,  jr.,  Joseph  Rollo, 
Alexander  Kramer.  Isadore  Weissman,  Bessie  Weiss,  Harry  Ed- 
ward Gittelman,  Adolfo  LoFaro,  Moses  A.  Schoenwald.  Davici 
H.  W.  Johnson,  Max  Rosen,  Milton  Fisher,  Francesco  Giliberti. 
Benjamin  Jospey,  Carl  Henry  Hergert,  Albert  ^Stern,  "7erome 
Francis  Laverty,  Nicholas  LoVece,  Edward  J.  Kodet.  Abrahan 
Kramer,  Gaetano  Portoghese,  David  B.  Lawrence,  Charles  B. 
Laspia.  .Schlioma  I.  Krinker,  Elmer  Jannace,  Lester  E.  Dough- 
erty, Arthur  Le  Grande  Jayne.  Frank  Mendola,  Edward  F.  Cuff- 
ney.  Charles  J.  Turks,  Lynn  E.  Akins.  Homer  H.  Bury.  Claude 
Tolman  Spaulding,  Joseph  J.  Lojacono.  John  Abner  Handy,  Frank 
W.  Tyler.  Edmund  S.  Krysztafkiewicz.  Ellis  Everett  Bnrdick, 
Neil  E.  Morgan.  Thomas  Francis  Fletcher.  Charles  A.  Mitchell. 
Warren  Elmer  Doll.  David  B.  Ashton,  Frank  S.  Hayes,  Stanley 
J.   Fisher,   Roswell  W.   Kinnie.  William  Francis  Loucks. 

Druggists — George  Randall  Cogswell.  Julius  M.  Reider.  Asa  B. 
Lemon.  Edward  W.  Seifert,  Harold  Chandler  Clark,  William  Cull- 
man, George  Katelus,  Joseph  Wolf.  Joseph  A.  Algeo,  Frederick 
Beverly  Morse,  Roy  M.  Barr,  Harry  Aaron  Stetler,  Ernest  C. 
Stoll.  Madison  W.  Washburn.  Sherman  Lynn  Hickok,  Everett 
Floyd  Reed,  William  J.  Lawson,  D.  Marshall  Brown,  Carl  E. 
Miller.  Carl  J.  Rizzo,  Francis  B.  Casey,  William  F.  Miller,  Harold 
A.    Granger,    Patrick   E.    Kiley,   Anthony   G.    Bankert. 


that  the  manufacturers  of  medicines  handled  by  pedlars  sub- 
mit labels  that  go  on  their  packages.  As  the  labels  must  state 
the  exact  amount  of  opiate  or  into.xicant  contained  in  the  medi- 
cinal preparation,  the  medicines  which  pedlars  may  not  sell 
will  soon  be  ascertained.  The  commission  will  get  after  those 
pedlars   found   selling   the   forbidden   preparations. 

The  Kentucky  Board  of  Pharmacy  was  recently  upheld  by 
the  Court  of  Appeals  at  Frankfort  when  Chief  Justice  Hobson 
in  an  opinion  affirmed  the  Jefferson  circuit  court,  which  had 
refused  to  C.  C.  King  an  order  requiring  the  State  Board  to 
grant  him  a  license  on  a  certificate  issued  to  him  by  the 
State  of  Georgia.  A  rule  of  the  Kentucky  Board  is  to  the 
effect  that  certificates  issued  to  pharmacists  in  other  states 
will  not  be  validated  by  it  until  after  the  holder  has  prac- 
ticed for  a  year  as  a  pharmacist  in  the  state  in  which  he 
secured  his  original  license.  The  court  held  that  the  rule 
was  a  reasonable  one. 

C.  Lewis  Diehl,  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  has  been  appointed  to 
the  Kentucky  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  by  Governor  Mc- 
Creary.  He  will  serve  for  a  period  of  five  years  and  suc- 
ceeds Robin  H.  White,  of  Mt.  Sterling,  former  president  of 
the  Board.     Mr.  Diehl  was  recommended  by  the  State  Ph. A. 

The  Indiana  Slate  Board  is  conducting  an  investigation  to 
ascertain  just  what  conditions  exist  in  the  State  as  to  the 
inaintenance  of  "blind  tigers"  by  druggists,  and  the  sale  with- 
out prescriptions  of  cocaine  and  other  narcotics.  Four  reg- 
istered drug  clerks  employed  in  drug  stores  not  owned  by 
pharmacists,  were  recently  summoned  to  appear  before  the 
the  petition  of  the  railroads  ought  to  be  granted,  and  has  is- 
tween  "wets"   and  "drys,"  say  the  members  of  the  Board. 

The  Illinois  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  has  revoked  the  li- 
censes of  John  H.  and  Charles  A.  Montgomery,  owners  of  a 
drug  store  at  2604  South  State  street,  Chicago.  The  Board 
acted  after  reviewing  the  list  of  convictions  and  a  case  pend- 
ing against  the  brothers,  involving  the  sale  of  cocaine  and 
other  drugs  without  proper  prescriptions.  John  H.  Mont- 
gomery, a  Democratic  candidate  for  alderman  of  the  Second 
ward  last  spring,  on  a  charge  of  selling  cocaine  illegally  was 
found  guilty  in  a  sealed  verdict  returned  in  a  municipal  court 
in  Chicago  on  Oct.  1. 

Despite  the  action  of  the  Georgia  State  Board  at  Macon  on 
July  24,  when  it  recommended  George  Case,  of  Milledgeville 
for  the  position  of  State  drug  inspector,  T.  A.  Cheatham,  of 
Macon,  remains  in  that  capacity.  As  far  as  is  known  he  has 
been  a  very  efficient  and  satisfactory  official.  The  law  pro- 
vides that  the  inspector  can  be  removed  only  on  definite 
charges,  and  no  charges  have  been  filed.  It  is  further  pro- 
vided that  the  State  commissioner  must  fill  the  position  from 
among  recommendations  made  by  the  Board  of  Pharmacy. 

The  Mississippi  Board  of  Pharmacy,  according  to  an  open 
letter  sent  out  by  Secretary  W.  W.  Ellis,  of  Fernwood,  will 
see  that  the  law  relative  to  the  registration  of  poison  sales  is 
enforced.  Druggists  must  obtain  proper  poison  registers  and 
make  the  required  entries.  The  board  will  also  enforce  the 
law  requiring  that  drug  stores  must  at  all  times  employ  a 
registered  man. 


NEWS  OF  THE  BOARDS 

The  Iowa  State  Pharmacy  Commission  is  demonstrating  that 
it  is  worth  more  than  the  $30,000  per  year  it  costs  the  State. 
It  is  now  getting  after  the  pedlars  who  are  enabled  to  handle 
dangerous  drugs  through  a  clause  in  the  State  law  which 
exempts  dealers  in  proprietary  medicines  and  domestic  rem- 
edies. Under  the  law  only  registered  pharmacists  may  dis- 
pense preparations  containing  opiates  or  intoxicating  liquors, 
but  the  law  has  not  until  now  been  strictly  enforced.  The 
position  of  the  board  is  reenforced  by  the  fact  that  some  years 
ago  the  attorney-general  of  Iowa  ruled  that  pedlars  could  not 
sell  drugs  of  such  content.     The  commission  is  now  requiring 


NEW    INCORPORATIONS 


The  Long  Drug  Co.,  Columbus,  0.,  capital  stock,  $5,000;  to  con- 
duct a  drug  store;  incorporators,  A.  Y.  Long,  D.  R.  Long,  H.  H. 
Long   and  G.    L.    Long. 

The  Henry  Lindholm  Co.,  Cleveland,  C,  capital.  $25,000;  to 
establish  a  "string"  of  drug  stores;  those  interested  are  H.  L. 
Lindholm.  Georgia  Lindholm,  H.  S.  Cooper,  Adele  Cooper  and  L. 
E.    Robinson. 

The  Thomas-Morrison  Co.,  Struthers,  C,  manufacturing  drug- 
gists; capital  stock.  $10,000;  incorporators,  C.  H.  Thomas.  J.  H. 
Morrison,  Mrs.  C.  H.  Thomas,  Mrs.  M.  E.  Morrison  and  J.  F. 
Pearce. 

The  Garrett  Drug  and  Stationery  Co.,  Bluefield,  W.  Va.,  capital 
stock,  $50,000:  to  handle  drugs  and  similar  lines;  incorporators.  R. 
M.  Garrett,  W.  G.  Given,  R.  R.  St.  Clair,  S.  H.  Bradley  and  L.  J, 
Cutler,    all    of   Bluefield. 

The  Blau  Medicine  Co.,  Arctic,  R.  I.,  capital  stock.  $100,000 
chemicals  and  real  estate;  incorporators.  Paul  E.  Gervais,  Joseph 
Gendron,  Alphonse  Ouevillon,   all  of  West  Warwick. 

Theatre  Pharmacy"  Co..  Mitchell,  S.  D.,  capital,  $25,000;  incor 
porators,  L.  J.  Welch,  T.  J.  Spangler,  Fred  H.  Scott,  Wm.  A. 
Scott  and  J.   C.   Wood. 

Synthetic  Chemical  Co.,  Manhattan,  capital.  $10,000;  to  do  chem 
ical   business;   E.   E.  Holmes.  G.   E.   Holmes  and  W.   E.   Holmes. 

The  Dentor  Co..  Inc.,  Manhattan,  capital,  $25,000;  to  manufac 
ture  patent  dentifrice;  incorporators,  L.  Bergman,  J.  L.  Mendel 
and  C.   Schwartz.  New  York  City. 

The  Royale  Drug  Co.,  Boston,  capital,  $1500;  incorporators, 
Harry   B.   Ross,   Samuel  A.  Oppe  and  Catherine   E.   Noyes. 


530 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    EliA 


[November,  1914 


ITie  Old  Colonv  Chemical  Co.,  Boston,  capital,  $50,000;  incor- 
porators, Forrest  A.  Rovvell,  Parker  H.  Litchfield  and  George  A. 
Webster. 

W.  A.  Woodburv  Corp.,  Manhattan,  capital,  $J50,000;  drugs,  etc.; 
incorporators,   L.   N.   Vause,  II.   P.   Frecce   ai\d  G.  A.   Knobloch. 

The  Acme  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland,  O.,  capital,  $20,000;  incorporat- 
ors. Rose  Fink,  Joseph  Goodman,  Henry  O.  Wavro,  William  J. 
Scher  and  George  A.   Marchson. 

Broadway  Pharmacy,  Norwich,  Conn.,  granted  certificate  of  dis- 
solution. 

Central  Pharmacal  Co.,  Seymour,  Ind.,  capital,  $100,000;  incorpor- 
ators, H.  A.  Washburn,  W.  C.  Sumner,  S.  N.  Quillen  and  others. 

The  Twentieth  Centurv  Medicine  Co.,  London,  O.,  capital,  $5a)0; 
incorporators,    John    Bramlet,    H.    C.    Gist,    G.    H.    Hartman    and 

Henry  C.  Blair,  Jr.,  New  York,  capital,  $250,000;  to  do  a  general 
drug,  chemical  and  pharmaceutical  business,  and  to  deal  in  hos- 
pital supplies  and  general  merchandise;  incorporators,  T.  L.  Green, 
M.  M.  Hill  and  R.  S.  Fletcher.  .     ,      ,o,^,w, 

Mitchell  Medicine  Co.,  Ale.xandna,  La.,  capital,  $200,000;  to 
conduct  a  general  wholesale  and  retail  drug  business  and  stores 
in  which  drugs  of  all  kinds  mav  be  bought,  kept  and  sold,  etc. 

The  Speedway  Remedy  Co.,  Shelby,  O.,  increase  in  capital  from 
$100,000  to  $250,000.  .     ,     „„„^  u       ■, 

Barber  Medicine  Co.,  Barre,  Vt.,  capital,  $50,000;  subscribers, 
Lnarles  N.    Barber  and  Bessie  C.   N.  Barber,  Jr.,  of  Barre. 

Crown  Supply  Co.,  New  York,  capital,  $25,000;  to  deal  in  barb- 
ers' druRgists",  merchants',  vendors'  supplies;  incorporators,  W. 
H    'Pritchard,  L.  and  F.  Wiltschek,  64  East  125th  street. 

Bay. Roma  Tonic  Co.,  capital,  $5,000;  selling  agents  and  distrib- 
utors; incorporators,  J.  R.  Roth,  S.  Rendel,  M.  A.  Franzblau,  164 
W.  116th  street. 

Beaucaire  Drug  Co.,  Inc.,  Manhattan,  capital,  $25  000;  drugs, 
chemical  and  toilet  preparations;  incorporators,  R.  \V.  Hallock, 
P.  A.  Van  Heeden,  J.  F.  Jack.  ^  ...     .  .  .        .   .     , 

The  Dean  Drug  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.,  has  petitioned  to  have 
its  named  changed  to  the  Dickinson  Drug  Co.,  W.  R.  Dickinson 
president  and  general  manager,  having  acquired  a  large  amount 
of  stock.  The  company  when  it  was  incorporated  in  18S/,  w.is 
known  as  the  Sale  &  Son  Drug  Co.,  the  Tanner  Drug  Co  in 
1901,   the  Off  Drug  Co.,  in  1903,  and  the  Dean  Drug  Co.   in  1907. 

Kenyon  &  Wheeler,  Great  Falls,  Mont.,  capital  stock,  $40,000 
of  which  $300  has  been  subscribed;  to  do  a  general  wholesale  and 
retail  drug  business:  incorporators,  Frank  O.  Wheeler  and  Clar- 
ence E.   Kenyon,  of  Great  Falls  and  E.   H.   Lang    of  Butte^ 

Ideal   Chemical    Mfg.   Co.,   Pittsburgh,   Pa.,   capital,   $20,000 

American  Camphor  Corporation,  Wilmington,  Del.,  capital  stock 
$500,000;  to  manufacture,  sell  and  deal  in  and  with  chemicals  ot 
all  kinds;  incorporators.  Herbert  E.  Latter,  W.  J.  Maloney,  Oscar 
J.   Reichard,  all  of  Wilmington. 

The  Spalding  Drug  Co.,  New  Haven,  Ct.,  capital  stock,  $35,000; 
officers  and  directors:  President  and  treasurer,  Clarence  O.  »Pald- 
ing;  vice-president,  Arthur  W.  Malley;  secretary,  Edward  B. 
Spalding  of  New  Haven.  The  president  holds  348  of  the  350 
shares  of  stock.  _     ^      „*■  t 

Elliott  Drug  Co.,  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  incorporators,  E.  L.  Mayo,  1. 
C.  Gerity  and  H.   W.   Elliott.  ^.     ^  m    v-         „ 

Binghamton  Hospital  Supply  Co.,  Inc.,  Binghamton,  N.  \ ,.  cap- 
ital, $50,000;  to  deal  in  surgical,  medical,  chemical  and  scientihc 
apparatus,  etc.;  incorporators,  Herbert  E.  Woodward,  Clarence  1-. 
French.  Chas.   E.   Demeree.  „.        ,       ,     ^  •.  i     »,/,fvvi.    :„ 

The  International  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland,  O.,  capital,  $10,000,  in- 
corporators, M.  E.  Tettlebach  and  others.  ,,nnnn.   :„ 

The  Bauer- Tennant  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland,  0.,  capital,  $10,000,  in- 
corporators, M.  Tennant  and  others.  .     ,     •.,m/,/^      • 

Tlie  Schaffner  Drug  Co.,  Ashtabula,  O.,  capital,  $25,000;  incor- 
porators,  J.    E.   AUport   and  others. 

The  Excel   Drug  Co.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich.,  capital,  $3,000. 

Kensington  Cork  Mfg.  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  capital  stock,  $10  - 
000;  treasurer,  Albert  C.  Gutekunst,  1503  Lawrence  St.,  Philadel- 
phia; directors:  Mary  Stoy,  Albert  C.  Gutekunst,  George  Thumm, 
all    of   Philadelphia.  ■      ,  ,         ^      ,  c 

E  E  Sutherland  Medicine  Co..  organized  under  the  laws  ot 
Kentucky  with  a  capital  stock  of  $400,000,  has  been  granted  a 
license  to  do  business  in  Missouri.  Of  the  company  s  capital 
stock.  $10,000  is  to  be  used  in  Missouri,  in  which  State  it  has  an 
office   at   St.    Louis.  „      ,       .      ,i  •»  ,    o-c  rw, 

Mutual  Soda  and  Seltzer  Mfg.  Co..  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  capital,  $5,000; 
incorporators,  Henry  Scherf,  J.  J.   McNamara  and  Chris   Busse. 

John  Trulson  Co.,  Princeton,  HI.,  capital  stock,  $10^;  to  retail 
paint,  drugs,  merchandise,  etc.;  incorporators,  John  Trulson,  John 
M.   Rombo  and  L.  R.  Davis.  „     ,,  .     ,     ,,„  ,w> 

The  Cat's  Eye  Chemical  Co.,  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  capital,  $10,0)0. 
company  begins  business  with  $5,000;  incorporators,  S.  A.  Doody, 
E.   F.    Kelly   and   Chas.    Schomski,    all   of   Rochester. 

Norwood  Drug  Co.,  Chapel  Hill,  Va.,  capital  stock.  $10,000  au- 
thorized and  ^,000  subscribed;  to  do  a  general  drug  business;  in- 
corporators.  E.  G.  Norwood,   E.   P.  Norwood  and  M.   E.   Merritt. 

Anti-Bacilli  Remedy  Co.,  Attica,  Ind.,  capital,  $10,000;  to  manu- 
facture chemicals  and  medicines;  incorporators,  W.  C.  Archer,  B. 
S.  Orr  and  J.  Lake. 

St.  Louis  Serum  Co.,  National  City,  Cal.,  capital,  $2,500;  to 
manufacture  and  sell  anti-hog  cholera  serum;  incorporators,  Wni. 
G.   Peters,   Patrick  Murphy  and  J.   B.   Messick. 

Fragro  Co.,  Inc.,  Manhattan,  capital,  $100,000;  to  manufacture 
perfumes,  toilet  articles,  etc.,  incorporators,  H.  O.  Coughlan,  J.  F. 
Curtin,   S.   A.   Anderson,  N.  Y.   C.  ,    .  .     , 

The  Partola  Mfg.  Co..  New  York  City,  has  increased  its  capital 
stock  from  $125,000  to  $500,000. 

La  San  Co..  Covington,  Ky.,  capital  stock,  $1,000;  to  manufacture 
and  sell  medicinal  preparations;  incorporators,  M.  J.  Brown,  R. 
A.    Flanagan   and   L.    F.   Brown,   all   of   Kenton   county. 

The  Milmore  Corporation,  South  Bend,  Ind.,  capital,  $5,000;  to 
manufacture  and  sell  chemicals,  etc.;  incorporators,  H.  C.  Elmore, 
C.   L.  Miller,  Charles  A.   Carlisle. 


\'ecto  Chemical  Co.,  New  York  City,  capital,  $5,000;  incorpora- 
tors,  Guenther   lloecker,   A.    F.    Hansel,   F.    G.    Law. 

St.  Marks  Laboratories,  Manhattan,  capital,  $10,000;  patent 
medicines;  incorporators,  H.  Canter,  C.  C.  Dillon  and  W,  A. 
Schlacht. 

Fine  Herb  Co.,  Philadelphia,  capital  stock,  $10,000;  treasurer, 
Lawrence  F.  dcBayarde;  directors:  Horace  F.  McCann,  L.  F.  de- 
Bayarde,    Wayne    Whipple,    all    of   Philadelphia. 

The  Melhane  Pharmacy  Co.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  capital  stock, 
$5,000;  treasurer,  A.  Ramsey  Melbanc;  directors:  D.  C.  Melbane, 
R.  Ramsey  Melbane,  Donald  Melbanc,  Rom.  S.  Melbane,  all  of 
Wilkcs-Barrc,   Pa. 


Proprietaries  Eliminated  From  War  Tax  Bill 

The  war  revenue  bill,  siKiiecl.  by  President  Wilson  October 
22,  and  which  becomes  effective  December  1  insofar  as  the 
adhesive  stamp  taxes  provided  for  are  concerned,  passed  both 
houses  of  Congress  with  all  reference  to  proprietary  medicines 
eliminated.  When  first  proposed,  this  measure  included  a 
provision  for  tlie  taxation  of  such  medicaments,  but  the  united 
drug  trade  put  up  a  strenuous  fight  against  a  tax  which  would 
be  shouldered  solely  by  the  retail  druggist.  This  opposition, 
and  the  anticipated  high  proportionate  expense  of  administer- 
ing the  tax  no  doubt  led  to  the  action  taken. 

Provisions  for  adhesive  stamp  taxes  which  are  of  particular 
interest  to  the  retail  druggist  follow : 

Telegraph  and  telephone  companies,  one  cent  on  each  mes- 
sage over  15  cents. 

Senders  of  telephone  or  telegraph  messages  on  each  over  15 
cents,  one  cent.  (Company  must  collect  the  telegraph  or  tele- 
phone tax  from  the  person  "paying  for"  the  message.) 

Perfumery  and  cosmetics  and  other  similar  articles :  For  and 
upon  every  packet,  bo.x,  bottle,  pot,  phial,  or  other  inclosure 
containing  any  essence,  extract,  toilet  water,  cosmetic,  vaseline, 
petrolatum,  hair  oil,  pomade,  hair  chessing  hair  restorative, 
hair  dye,  tooth  wash,  dentrifrice,  tooth  paste,  aromatic  cachous, 
or'  any  similar  substance  or  article,  by  whatsoever  name  the 
same  heretofore  have  been,  now  are,  or  may  hereafter  be 
called,  known,  or  distinguished,  used,  or  applied,  or  to  be  used 
or  applied,  as  perfumes,  or  as  applications  to  the  hair,  mouth, 
or  skin,  or  otherwise  used,  made,  prepared,  and  sold  or  re- 
moved for  consumption  and  sale  in  the  United  States,  where 
such  packet,  box,  bottle,  pot,  phial,  or  other  inclosure,  with 
its  contents,  shall  not  exceed  at  the  retail  price  of  value  tlie 
sum  of  5  cents,  one-eighth  of  1   cent. 

Where  such  packet,  box,  bottle,  pot,  phial  or  other  inclos- 
ure, with  its  contents,  shall  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of 
5  cents,  and  shall  not  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  10 
cents,  two-eighths  of  1  cent. 

Where  such  packet,  box,  bottle,  pot,  phial  or  other  inclos- 
ure, with  its  contents,  shall  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of 
10  cents  and  shall  not  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  15 
cents,  three-eighths  of  1  cent. 

Where  such  packet,  box,  pot,  phial  or  other  inclosure,  with 
its  contents,  shall  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  15  cents 
and  shall  not  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  25  cents,  five~ 
eighths  of  1  cent.  And  for  each  additional  25  cents  of  retail 
price  or  value  or  fractional  part  thereof  in  excess  of  25  cents, 
five-eighths  of  1  cent. 

Chewing  gum  or  substitute  therefore: — For  and  upon  each 
bo.x,  carton,  jar  or  other  package  containing  chewing  gum  of  not 
more  than  $1  of  actual  retail  value,  4  cents;  if  exceeding  $1 
of  retail  value,  for  each  additional  dollar  or  fractional  part 
thereof,  4  cents;  under  such  regulation  as  the  Commissioner 
of  Internal  Revenue,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury,  may  prescribe. 


Essence  of  Cherry 

Benzoic  acid    1  part 

Acetic  ether   5  parts 

Benzoic   etlier    5  parts 

Oenanthic   ether    1  part 

Glycerin     3  parts 

Rectified  spirit    100  parts 

Mix  with  an  equal  bulk  of  water  and  filter  bright  through 
kaolin. 


Imitation  Maraschino  Essence 

Essence  of  almond   (1   in   10) 12  minims 

Oil  of  neroli    2  minims 

Essence   of  vanilla    20  minims 

Essence  of  jasmine    4  minim* 

Alcohol    2  ounces 

Mix. 


SIDE  CHOP  FOR  GINSENG  GROWERS 

Goldenseal   Offers  Possibilities,   but  Market  Limited, 
Labor  High,  and  Special  Cultivation  Neccessary. 


Washin'GTOX,  D.  C,  Oct.  15. — Goldenseal  is  a  native  drug 
plant  of  admitted  commercial  value,  which  is  rapidly  becom- 
ing scarce,  and  farmers  who  have  had  experience  with  gin- 
seng may  find  in  goldenseal  an  admirable  side  or  succession 
crop.  This  is  the  opinion  of  one  of  the  U.  S.  Department 
of  Agriculture's  drug-plant  specialists,  whose  pamphlet, 
"Goldenseal  Under  Cultivation,"  has  just  been  issued  as  Farm- 
ers' Bulletin  613.  Goldenseal,  known  to  the  pharmacist  and 
physician  as  hydrastis,  is  native  to  open  woodland  where  there 
is  ample  shade,  good  natural  drainage,  and  an  abundance  of 
leaf  mold.  It  is  most  abundantly  found  in  Ohio,  Indiana, 
West  Virginia  and  Kentucky,  though  it  grows  west  to  Min- 
nesota, south  to  Georgia,  and  in  southern  New  York.  It 
is  not  grown  in  Europe  on  a  commercial  scale  and  the  United 
States  exports  quantities   of  this  drug  to   Germany. 

In  general,  drug  plants  are  difficult  to  grow,  labor  costs 
are  high,  and  the  market  limited.  These  drawbacks  are  true 
of  goldenseal,  but  ginseng  growers  who  are  aheady  equipped 
for  the  culture  of  exacting  woodland  plants,  but  whose  gin- 
seng crops  have  been  attacked  by  pests  and  diseases,  should 
meet  with  some  success  with  goldenseal.  The  latter  requires 
essentially  the  same  conditions  as  the  other  crop,  but  is 
easier  to  grow  being  far  less  subject  to  disease  and  attacks 
from  mice. 

Steady  Advance  in  Market  Price 
There  began  to  be  a  commercial  demand  for  goldenseal 
about  1860  and  since  then  its  use  has  become  world-wide, 
although  most  of  it  is  consumed  in  this  country.  It  is 
valued  solely  for  its  remedial  properties  and  was  commonly 
used  by  Indians  and  early  settlers  as  a  remedy  for  sore  mouth 
and  inflamed  eyes;  also  as  a  bitter  tonic  in  stomach  and 
liver  troubles. 

Until  about  the  year  1880  the  prices  paid  for  crude  golden- 
seal rarely  ranged  over  8  to  12  cents  a  pound,  these  prices, 
as  a  matter  of  course,  being  based  on  the  actual  cost  of  col- 
lecting and  curing  the  material  where  it  was  abundant.  In 
1890,  however  the  approaching  scarcity  of  the  root  was  man- 
ifested by  rising  prices,  and  at  the  close  of  the  next  decade 
the  cost  had  advanced  to  an  average  of  58  cents  a  pound. 
Early  in  1904  the  price  passed  the  dollar  mark,  the  year 
closing  with  wholesale  quotations  varying  from  $1.35  to  $1.50. 
With  the  exception  of  slight  fluctuations  in  1912,  which 
were  apparently  the  result  of  overcollection,  there  has  been 
a  steady  advance  in  the  price  of  the  dried  root,  both  wild 
and  cultivated.  The  prices  paid  to  growers  and  collectors  of 
goldenseal  for  the  last  three  years  have  ranged  from  $3  to 
$4.25  a  pound,  and  these  prices  are  thought  to  afford  a  fair 
basis  of  profit  in  goldenseal  culture,  even  a'ter  taking  into 
consideration  the  rather  exacting  requirements  of  the  plant  and 
its  relatively  slow   progress  toward   commercial  maturity. 

Not  an  Easy  Crop  to  Grow 
It  costs  about  $1,500  an  acre,  exclusive  of  the  value  of 
the  land,  to  start  a  goldenseal  plantation.  This  includes  the 
average  cost  of  propagating  material,  but  makes  no  provision 
for  irrigation  during  dry  weather.  Of  course,  special  condi- 
tions, such  as  local  cost  of  labor,  lumber,  and  fertilizers  will 
influence  this  estimate.  This  outlay  might  well  discourage 
those  who  wish  to  cultivate  the  plant  on  a  large  scale,  but 
small  home  and  experimental  plantings  may  usually  be  started 


at  a   very  small   cost.     In   any   case   the   plan   requires  special 
care  and  suitable  conditions  at  all  stages  of  its  development. 

Goldenseal  takes  considerable  time  to  develop.  If  it  is 
grown  from  seed  under  favorable  conditions  it  only  reaches  its 
best  development  for  market  after  about  five  years.  If  it  is 
grown  from  root  buds  or  by  division  of  the  rootstock,  it 
reaches  its  best  development  in  three  or  four  years.  Suc- 
cessful growers  have  outputs  of  about  2,000  pounds  of  dried 
root  per  acre  after  five  years  from  seed.  Better  showings  might 
be  made  by  well-equipped  small  growers. 

Limited  Market  and  Danger  of  Overproduction 
A  market  for  goldenseal  is  found  with  the  crude  drug 
dealers  and  manufacturing  druggists  in  most  large  cities. 
This  root  is  also  handled  on  commission  and  is  readily  pur- 
chased by  fur  buyers  and  traders  in  miscellaneous  forest 
products.  The  estimated  annual  consumption,  however,  is  only 
100  tons,  and  as  only  about  500  acres  would  be  needed  to 
produce  that  amount,  overproduction  would  be  easy.  Pros- 
pective planters  should  bear  this  in  mind  as  well  as  the  fact 
that  this  estimate  makes  no  allowance  for  the  wild  supply  of 
the  root  which  is  still  a  factor,  although  rapidly  decreasing. 
The  new  bulletin  referred  to  above,  goes  into  great  detail  re- 
garding methods  of  cultivation,  and  may  be  had  free  on  ap- 
plication to  the  Division  of  Publications,  U.  S.  Department 
of  Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C. 


ONE   DRUGGIST   WHO   KNEW   HOW 


.\s  an  example  of  how  to  approach  the  Senator  or  Con- 
gressman who  represents  you  in  Congress,  when  your  busi- 
ness interests  are  threatened  by  proposed  legislation,  the  Era 
prints  this  letter  from  E.  H.  Cone,  Inc.,  of  Atlanta,  Ga.,  to 
Senator  Hoke  Smith. 

It  is  a  straight-from-the-shoulder  commtmication ;  tells  its 
story  quietly  and  effectively.     Read  it : 

Atlanta,  Ga.,  October  10.  1914. 
HON.    HOKE   SMITH, 
Washinjrton.    D.    C. 
Dear  Sir: 

Re:    War  Revenue  Tax  on   Druggists. 

We  fail  to  see  the  justice  of  the  Government's  policy  of  the 
proposed  tax  on  druggists. 

Why   not  tax  every  retailer  in   the  United   States? 

Why  tax  us  for  selling  merchandise  that  takes  a  less  profit  than 
many  other  lines? 

Our  sales  of  ready  made  medicines  are  half  what  they  were  ten 
years   ago.     Our  overhead   expenses   are   more. 

I  cannot  understand  why  we  are  picked  out  as  a  tax  target 
The  Government  must  have  the  Revenue;  but  why  not  take  in 
more  classes? 

Hundreds  of  drug  items  have  advanced  since  the  war.     Our  loss. 

Alcohol  has  advanced  twice— probably  in  anticipation  of  the 
tax.     Our  loss. 

When  you  had  in  mind  Gasoline  Tax  this  seemed  right.  I  own 
a  machine  and  I  am  willing  to  pay  a  tax  on  gasoline.  This  will 
reach  all  classes. 

Why  not  tax  the  auto  manufacturer  and  his  big  profits?  The 
classes,  and  not  the  masses,  can  stand   the  tax. 

We  fail  to  see  the  justice  of  exempting  the  hardware,  clothing 
department  store  and  like  merchants,  and  letting  the  "corner  drug- 
gist     carry    the   load. 

\\Tiy  not  tax  the  objectionable  trading  stamp  and  coupon' 

It  looks  at  a  distance  as  if  this  tax  act  will  stand  for  several 
years. 

An  investigation  will  show  that  95  per  cent,  of  the  druggists  in 
the  United  States  are  not  breaking  even  on  their  drug  sales 
Were  it  not  for  cigars,  soda  water  and  sundries,  one-half  of  them 
would   go  out   of  business. 

We  are  willing  to  pay  our  share  of  taxes,  but  we  protest  against 
the   discrimination   made. 

Will    you  not  use   your   influence   to  have  it  equalized? 

Very  respectfully, 

_  E.    H.   CONE,    INC. 

Copy  to 

Hon.  W.   S.  West  and 

Hon.  Schley  Howard. 


oaii 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


HOW   TO   REACH   DEALERS 


National  Distribution  Economically  Secured  Through 
the  Business  Press 


trade  paper  advertising,  colored  inserts,  featuring  novelties, 
etc.,  and  up  to  Sept.  1st  our  shipments  exceeded  any  previous 
vear.  EXPERIEN'CE  H.\S  T.MGHT  US  THE  V.\LUE 
OF  THE  TRADE  PRESS  INTELLIGENTLY  USED. 


By  J.  J.  Phoenix 
President,   Bradley  Knitting  Co.,  Delavan,   Wis.* 

In  this  blessed  land  of  peace  and  prosperity  there  are  in  ex- 
cess of  700,000  retail  stores  and  traders. 

The  iact  that  TOO  or  SCO  trade  and  class  journals  find  ready 
and  increasing  circulation  in  this  great  dealer  army  indicates 
the  enormous  field  which  today  is  being  covered  with  remark- 
able ability. 

In  order  to  ascertain  the  retailers'  attitude  toward  the  trade 
press,  I  interviewed  merchants  in  my  home  town.  Delavan, 
Wis.,  having  5000  inhabitants,  only  85  miles  from  Chicago,  and 
its  merchants,  with  keen  competition  locally  and  from  nearby 
cities,  have  succeeded  in  building  up  an  excellent  trade  center. 
Out  of  the  40  merchants  questions,  three  did  not  take  trade 
papers — 57  men  subscribed  for  9S  trade  and  class  journals. 

Every  subscriber  e.xpressed  his  appreciation  of  ond  indebt- 
edness to  the  journals  he  received. 

The  trade  press  is  a  tremendous  vitalising  force  for  good  in 
business  life,  indeed,  no  other  influence  is  so  pOTverful  '<cith  the 
dealer — not  even  consumers'  demand.  Primarily  and  rightly 
the  true  merchant  stands  between  manufacturer  and  consumer, 
guarding  alike  the  interests  of  each,  even  though  it  has  been 
said  that  the  manufacturer  must  assume  the  responsibility  for 
the  sale  of  his  product  to  the  ultimate  consumer. 

Therefore  it  seems  logical  that  the  manufacturer  and  jobber 
desirous  of  distribution  economically  and  quickly  effected, 
should  approach  the  dealers  through  the  trade  press.  A  case 
in  point  is  a  page  from  the  autobiography  of  our  company. 

Some  years  ago  the  Bradley  Knitting  Company  brought  out 
a  new  knit  goods  article  of  great  promise.  We  were  known 
to  a  small  clientele  with  limited  distributing  power,  and  the 
jobbers'  field  was  occupied  with  several  makes  of  similar  ap- 
peal. As  the  article  was  not  only  useful  but  invested  with  the 
style  element,  it  was  necessary  to  secure  immediate  and  wide 
dealer  connection.  We  put  our  problem  up  to  the  publishers  of 
our  dry  goods  trade  papers.  We  had  known  these  men  for 
many  years,  they  were  iriends  and  counselors  in  the  problems 
connected  with  om-  retail  store.  We  knew  them  as  big,  able 
successful  men  in  the  dry  goods  trade,  and  we  followed  their 
advice  to  undertake  a  modest  trade  paper  campaign  in  the 
leading  clothing  and  dry  goods  joimials.  The  results  were 
immediate,  were  well  nigh  overwhelming.  At  an 
expenditure  of  less  than  S6000  in  trade  papers  and 
follow-up  advertising  we  sold  over  8000  new  accounts 
with  not  a  dollar  of  consumer  publicity.  True,  we 
were  fortunate  in  the  article,  the  time  and  conditions, 
but  the  trade  press  publicity  brought  us  the  dealers' 
attention  and  our  merchandise  the  rest.  We  then  be- 
gan national  consumer  advertising  and  hope  ever  to 
continue. 

Nation-wide  dealer  acquaintance,  good  will  and  influence 
can  be  seciu'ed  through  this  trade  press  advertising  at  a  mere 
fraction  of  the  cost  of  sufficient  national  advertising  to  create 
consumer  demand  forceful  enough  to  make  the  merchants  stock 
goods.  I  have  in  mind  the  experience  of  two  makers  of  soft 
drinks.  The  first  with  small  capital,  used  trade  papers  and 
personal  solicitation — ^the  first  year  on  the  verge  of  failure, 
in  two  years  a  fine  bvisiness  established,  smd  then  national  con- 
sumer publicity  constantly  followed  with  great  success.  In  the 
second  case  a  really  delicious  soft  drink  was  produced,  and 
out  of  a  SIOO.OOO  capital.  575,000  was  spent  in  consumer 
papers,  city  dailies,  magazines,  temperance  and  church  papers 
the  first  season.  There  were  consumer  inquiries,  a  smile  here 
and  there  at  the  fountains  and  cafes,  few  dealers'  accounts, 
and  the  waters  of  oblivion  closed  over  another  unsuccessful 
venture. 

An  article  well  advertised  in  the  trade  press  has  advanced 
letters  of  introduction  that  open  the  merchants'  doors  upon  the 
salesman's  arrival.  Notice,  this  has  been  a  hard  year  on  the 
knit  goods  trade,  the  reduction  in  tariff  let  in  much  foreign 
goods,  the  mild  winter  left  stocks  upon  merchants'  shelves, 
the  uncertainty  as  to  the  future  frightened:  all  combined  to 
hold  up  trade.     Oiu-  company  met  the  situation  with  increased 


NEWSPAPER   ADVERTISING   INCREASED 


St.  Louis  Druggists  Using  More  Space — Special  Ap- 
peals Employed  in  Effort  to  Capture  Trade 
Competition  among  the  downtown  drug  stores  in  St.  Louis 
is  keener  than  ever.  Where  there  was  some  advertising 
every  few  days  several  years  ago,  drug  store  advertising  space 
has  increased  recently  tmtil  drug  store  ads  are  as  regular  as 
the  paper,  Wolfl-Wilson's  advertiement  carries  the  banner — 
"The  Price  Cutters."  Judge  &  Dolphs  slogan  is — "The 
Price  Makers."  The  five  Johnson-Enderle-Pauley  stores — 
four  of  them  downtown — advertise  cut  prices.  The  Hook 
store  has  also  gotten  into  the  ad  space. 

But  the  stores  are  not  relying  on  prices  to  capture  all  the 
trade.  They  make  special  appeals,  such  as,  for  instance,  this 
latest  one  by  Judge  &  Dolph  stores: 

Making  it  S.\fe  to  Bity  Drugs 
Precautions  that  seem  almost  unnecessarily  severe  and 
extreme  are  observed  in  all  three  of  our  stores.  It  costs 
us  hundreds  of  dollars  each  month  to  render  mistakes  im- 
possible, but  it  is  worth  it  to  be  sure  that  neither  infer- 
iority or  substitution. — intentional  or  imintentional — frus- 
trates the  mission  of  drugs  and  medicines. 

To  such  an  extent  do  we  enforce  this  care  that  when 
your  physician  prescribes,  or  you  ask  for,  any  make  of 
any  standard  drug,  none  other,  however  meritorious  it 
may  be,  is  used.  To  a  strict  observance  of  this  policy, 
adopted  years  ago,  we  base  our  belief  that  eventually 
ever\-  buyer  of  drugs  in  St.  Louis  will  buy  from  us  or 
insist  on  our  methods  being  adopted  by  the  druggists 
they  patronize. 

But  whv  take  chances?  Make  assurance  doubly  stire! 
Go  to  Judge  &  Dolph! 

Johnson-Enderle-Pauley  stores'  advertisement  leads  with  this 
appeal : 


CotniTEST- 


-Ser\ice 


.*  Paper  read  at  the  Ninth  Annual  Convention  of  the  Feder- 
ation of  Trade  Press  Associations  held  in  Chicago,  Sept.  24- 
26th,  1914. 


To  each  indiridual  customer,  and  to  each 
individual  who  will  become  a  customer,  is 
the  slogan  and  aim  of  everj'  employe  of  the 
Johnson-Enderle-Pauley   Drug   Co. 


The  advertisement  also  carries  the  banner — "Five  Quality 
Drug  Stores." 

V.'olff-Wilson's  also  frequently  carries  advertisements  with 
appeal  other  than  that  of  the  list  of  cut  prices.  One 
of  their  favorites  for  top  lines  is — "Get  it  at  Wolff-Wil- 
son's." .\nother  favorite  catcher — "Everj-  Day  is  Bargain  Day 
at  Wolff-Wilson's." 

Here  is  the  appeal  of  the  newest  store,  the  Hook,  which  is 
part  of  an  advertisement  of  cut  prices: 

"Delicious  Sodas — Served  with  pure  fruit  syrups  and  the 
best  ice  cream  obtainable.  The  scrupulous  cleanliness  that 
pervades  the  entire  establishment  has  won  the  favor  of  dis- 
criminating folk. 

"A  Restful  Retreat — Seven  separate  booths,  each  seating  six: 
persons,  where  you  and  your  friends  may  partake  of  light  re- 
freshments ser\ed  in  a  manner  that  will  make  you  want  to 
come  again. 

"A  modem  drug  store  where  you  get  more  or  pay  less. 
Not  only  do  we  sell  at  prices  that  are  fair  but  we  give  \o\x 
the  kind  of  senice  particular  people  appreciate.  You  will 
find  our  clerks  courteous  and  competent;  prescriptions  are 
filled  only  by  graduate  pharmacists  of  long  training  and  thor- 
ough efficiency. 

"Cut  prices  on  everything  ever>day  to  everybody.  It  means 
that  a  child  can  buy  as  advantageously  as  the  most  experi- 
enced adult.  It  means  that  you  can  get  what  you  want  at  a 
price  within  reason  without  having  to  haggle,  not  only  to-day 
but  to-morrow,  next  week  and  for  all  time  that  the  Hook 
Drug  Company  continues  in   business. 


November.  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


533 


"If  the  people  of  St.  Louis  really  wish  to  lower  the  cost 
of  living  and  keep  it  lower  they  will  see  that  Hook  Econ- 
omy Drug  Store  is  patronized.  One  Hook  store  in  a  com- 
munity does  more  toward  knocking  out  high  prices  than  all 
the  theories  you  can  assemble." 


FROM  THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


The  Swift  Specific  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  has  joined  the 
Buy-a-Bale-of-Cotton  movement  on  a  big  scale  and,  it  is  re- 
ported, will  buy  between  now  and  Januarj'  1  about  $100,000 
worth  of  cotton  at  10  cents  per  pound.  R.  L.  Hood,  manager, 
is  quoted  to  the  effect  that  his  company's  investigations  prove 
conclusivelv  that  the  resumption  of  normal  business  in  the 
South  depends  on  the  cotton  market.  '■Very  little  money  is 
changing  hands  at  this  time  even  for  payment  of  outstanding 
obligations  and  this  condition  is  going  to  continue  until  there 
is  some  market  for  cotton."  The  company's  directors  were 
enthusiastic  over  the  plan  to  purchase  and  reture  2000  bales 
of  cotton  at  10  cents  per  pound.  The  company,  the  report 
goes,  is  notifying  every  retail  and  wholesale  druggist  in  the 
Southern  States  that  it  will  take  their  cotton  at  10  cents  in 
payment  for  their  purchases. 

The  Powers-Kelly  Drug  Co.,  Waco,  Texas,  is  in  re- 
ceipt of  a  letter  from  the  managing  director  of  the  National 
Anti-Substitution  league  complimenting  the  drug  firm  upon  its 
efforts  to  protect  the  public  from  being  forced  to  accept  sub- 
stitutes for  the  goods  they  desire  to  purchase.  The  letter  ex- 
presses the  hope  that  the  slogan,  "Get  what  you  ask  for,"  will 
be  accepted  as  a  living  truth  in  connection  with  Powers- 
Kelly's  business  methods.  This  firm  has  earned  laudable 
publicity  in  another  direction.  It  has  hit  upon  an  original 
method  of  helping  along  the  B-.\-B  movement.  In  its  window 
is  a  bale  of  cotton  surrounded  by  500  10-cent  packages,  the 
money  realized  on  the  sale  of  which  will  go  toward  the  pur- 
chase of  another  bale.     A  crowd  watches  the  cans  disappear. 

Brown  &  Allen,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  will  open  a  magnificent 
new  drug  store  at  AVhitehall  and  .Mabama  streets.  The  soda 
fountain  will  be  a  feature.  The  old  and  well  known  store  of 
this  company  was  founded  23  years  ago  and  has  had  a  most 
successful  career.  It  was  the  meeting  place  of  thousands  of 
people  every  day.  The  soda  fountain  dispensed  drinks  by 
the  million,  and  the  drug  and  prescription  department  en- 
joyed a  huge  patronage.  E.  C.  Brown,  of  the  firm,  asserts 
that  the  new  store  will  measure  up  in  every  particular  to  the 
old  one  and  will,  in  addition,  make  a  stronger  bid  for  popu- 
larity by  reason  of  its  increased  and  improved  facilities  for 
better  service. 

The  American  Camphor  Corporation,  incorporated 
for  the  purpose  of  manufacturing  gum  camphor,  it  is  reported, 
has  secured  a  building  in  Philadelphia,  on  the  southeast  corner 
of  Lehigh  avenue  and  Edgemont  street.  In  this,  says  the 
report,  is  being  fitted  the  pioneer  plant  in  the  manufacture  of 
camphor  in  this  country.  Some  of  the  product  will  be  avail- 
able for  pharmaceutical  purposes,  but  most  of  it  will  go  to 
manufacturers  of  celluloid.  Equipment  for  giving  the  factory 
an  output  of  25,000  pounds  a  day  will  be  installed  and  by 
mid-winter  the  plant  will  be  in  complete  operation.  A  by- 
product will  be  glauber  salts,  about  five  tons  per  day  of  which 
will  be  turned  out. 

Haverhill  (Mass.)  druggists  are  not  likely  to  be  haled 
into  court  because  their  weights  have  not  been  sealed,  at  least 
not  for  the  present.  The  State  Sealer  of  Weights  and  Meas- 
ures had  announced  that  he  intended  to  consummate  a  general 
roundup,  but  on  coming  to  town  he  discovered  that  the  city 
sealer  had  not  been  supplied  with  the  requisite  apparatus, 
which  costs  about  S50.  The  local  authorities  argued  that 
although  they  might  be  breaking  the  law  by  not  purchasing  the 
apparatus,  they  certainly  would  be  breaking  it  by  spending 
unappropriated  money.  .\nd,  anyway,  they  said,  the  law, 
which  was  passed  last  June,  called  for  an  "annual"  inspection, 
and  the  druggists  had  until  June  1915. 

■Walker  &  Gibson's  new  building  at  .\lbany,  N.  Y.,  now 
under  construction  and  which  will  face  Broadway  at  Orange 
street  and  extend  through  to  Montgomery  street,  will  be  one 
of  the  show  places  of  that  city.  It  will  have  a  frontage  of  90 
feet  and  depth  of  200  feet.  The  wall  will  be  of  concrete  rein- 
forced  with   steel   and   overlaid    with   dark   tapestrj-   brick.      It 


will  have  a  gray  stone  base  and  a  very  elaborate  stone  entrance 
with  an  imiposing  stone  pillar  at  each  side  of  the  vestibule 
supporting  a  carved  arch.  The  cornice  will  also  be  constructed 
of  stone  with  a  carved  center  piece  above  the  main  entrance. 
The  equipment  for  handling  goods  in  the  building  will  be  of 
the  most  modern  sort. 

The  Ellis-Lillybeck  Drug  Co.,  Memphis,  Tenn.,  is  be- 
ing sued  for  $100,000,  damages  by  A.  Thweatt,  who  formerly 
traveled  for  the  drug  firm.  Thweatt,  it  is  reported,  was  ar- 
rested some  time  ago  and  tried  on  a  charge  of  embezzlement 
at  the  instance  of  his  employers.  He  was  acquitted.  He 
claims  his  house  owed  him  about  $1,400  and  refused  a  settle- 
ment. He  collected  $800,  which  he  re''used  to  deliver  until  he 
was  accorded  an  accounting.  According  to  the  report,  the 
company  contends  that  even  if  they  did  owe  him  money,  he 
had  no  right  to  appropriate  collections  to  his  own  use,  and 
that  if  he  was  not  guilty  of  actual  embezzlement  there  was 
at    least    probable    cause    for    having    him    indicted. 

The  Jacobs  Pharmacy  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  has  purchased 
the  triangle  at  the  intersection  of  the  Peachtree  and  Roswell 
roads,  at  a  purchasing  price  estimated  to  be  approximately 
$120,000  per  acre.  The  plot  contains  about  5,000  square  feet. 
The  company  will  erect  a  two-story  brick  building,  with 
ground  space  reserved  for  a  drug  store.  The  triangle  thus 
sold  has  for  a  long  time  blocked  the  widening  of  the  Boswell 
road.  A  petition  will  be  presented  to  Joseph  Jacobs  request- 
ing that  he  give  a  strip  ten  feet  wide  for  the  desired  improve- 
ment. It  is  argued  that  the  gift  would  be  an  advantage  to 
Mr.  Jacobs  in  that  it  would  result  in  more  street  traffic  and 
will  make  a  proposed  trolley  line  possible. 

C.  R.  Hillberg'  &  Co.,  Brocton,  Mass.,  has  been  dissolved 
and  Frank  T.  Youngquist,  a  partner  for  20  years,  becomes  sole 
proprietor  of  the  company's  Central  street  drug  store.  He 
relinquishes  his  interest  in  the  Campello  store  of  the  company, 
of  which  Mr.  Hillberg  becomes  the  owner.  Mr.  Youngquist 
has  managed  the  Centre  street  store  for  more  than  20  years 
and  was  employed  there  for  five  years  previous  to  taking 
charge  there.  It  has  grown  from  a  small  one-clerk  establish- 
ment to  one  requiring  the  services  of  Mr.  Youngquist  and  five 
assistants.  The  stores  will  continue  under  the  same  firm 
name. 

The  ITagle  pharmacy,  conducted  by  the  late  Thomas 
S.  Nagle,  at  .AUentown,  Pa.,  for  many  years,  has  been  pur- 
chased from  David  J.  Nagle,  executor  of  his  father's  estate, 
by  Edwin  F.  Gehringer.  The  store  is  one  of  the  oldest  drug 
stores  in  the  city,  having  been  established  by  Wm.  F.  and  E. 
J.  Danowsky  more  than  50  years  ago  Inquiries  had  been  re- 
ceived from  prospective  purchasers  of  the  store,  but  Mr.  Nagle 
respected  the  wishes  of  his  father  in  turning  the  store  over 
to  Mr.  Gehringer.  who  had  been  in  charge  for  the  past  six 
years.  Mr.  Gehringer  is  a  Philadelphia  C.  P.  graduate,  also 
a  post  graduate  of  that  institution. 

The  Alton  Drug  Co.,  Alton,  111.,  recently  awarded  45 
pieces  of  china  dishes  and  10,000  votes  in  the  Booster  cam- 
paign it  is  conducting,  to  the  winner  in  its  post  card  writing 
contest.  The  person  who  could  write  on  an  ordinary  regula- 
tion size  government  post  card  the  words  "Alton  Drug  Com- 
pany" the  greatest  number  of  times  was  to  be  the  recipient  of 
the  dishes.  There  were  38  participants  and  all  did  fairly  well. 
On  many  of  the  cards  the  writing  was  legible  only  with  the 
aid  of  a  glass.  The  young  lady  who  won  first  prize  wrote 
5.895  words  on  the  card.  Second  place  wrote  5,508  words. 
The  cards  made  an  interesting  window  display. 

Andrew  R.  Cunningham,  proprietor  of  the  Standard 
Drug  store,  14  Gratiot  avenue,  Detroit,  Mich.,  will  celebrate 
the  silver  jubilee  of  his  entry  into  the  drug  field  of  that  city, 
by  moving  from  14  Gratiot  to  155  Woodward  avenue.  .A,fter 
moving,  Mr.  Cunningham's  five  stores  will  each  be  known  by 
the  title,  "Cunningham's  drug  store."  The  new  store  will 
have  one  of  the  largest  photographic  departments  in  the  city. 
Twenty-five  years  ago  llr.  Cunningham  purchased  a  store  at 
Monroe  and  Joseph  Campau  avenues,  which  he  still  conducts. 
He   recently  established  a  store  in  the  Kresge   building. 

Salem,  Mass.,  druggists  recently  conferred  with  the  mayor 
of  that  city  who  endeavored  to  impress  upon  them  that  if 
any  of  them  had  heretofore  been  engaged  in  the  illegal  traffic 
of  liquor  such  a  practice  must  be  stopped  immediately.  If 
they  were  disobeying  the  law  in  this  respect  they  would  be 
treated  in  the  same  manner  as  all  other  illegal  liquor  sellers. 
.\  conviction  for  a  violation  of  the  liquor  law  would  be  con- 
clusive evidence  of  the  illegal  use  of  their  certificate. 


534 


THE    I'llAKMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


The  Schempf  Drug  Co.,  Fort  Atkinson,  Wis.,  which 
succeeded  to  the  ownersliip  of  the  Eigliniy  pliarmacy,  in  that 
city,  on  September  5,  has  been  sold  to  \Vinterburn  Bros.,  of 
Marsbfield.  After  purchasing  the  store,  Mr.  Schempf  suffered 
a  nenous  collapse  and  his  family  decided  to  sell  the  store  im- 
mediately. The  business  will  be  under  the  personal  manage- 
ment of  Leo.  F.  W'interburn,  Ph.  G.,  for  several  years  past 
a  manager  of  the  Sexton  pharmacy,  Marshfield. 

F.  F.  Mykrantz  has  opened  his  seventh  retail  drug  store 
in  Columbus,  Ohio,  this  latest  link  in  his  "chain"  being  located 
at  North  High  street  and  Ninth  avenue.  Over  12  years  ago, 
Mr.  Mykrantz  conducted  a  drug  store  in  New  York  City,  but 
was  persuaded  by  relations  to  come  to  Columbus.  He  opened 
his  first  store  at  23  South  High  street.  Besides  his  stores,  Mr. 
Mykrantz  is  interested  in  the  exploitation  of  goods  under  his 
own  name.     He   believes   in  "popular  prices  and   advertising." 

Marion  Huffman,  druggist,  Bellaire,  O.,  won  the  jury's 
verdict  in  a  suit  for  damages  recently  brought  against  him. 
The  plaintiff  sued  for  $1000  damages  and  alleged  that  she  had 
been  insulted  by  the  defendant  when  she  entered  his  store  to 
have  a  prescription  filled.  She  charged,  it  is  reported,  that 
the  druggist  maliciously  took  hold  of  her  and  used  im|)roper 
language.  The  jury  was  out  but  a  short  time  and  returned  a 
ballot  favoring  the  defendant. 

The  Georgian  Pharmacal  Co.,  .\tlanta,  Ga.,  through  its 
president,  James  M.  Lumley,  has  notified  its  patrons,  it  is  re- 
ported, that  it  will  accept  in  place  of  cash  for  bills  due,  and 
also  lor  credit  on  a  purchasing  account  during  the  coming 
year,  two  bales  of  cotton  from  each  customer  at  10  cents  per 
pound.  The  company  requests  customers  to  "use  your  influence 
to  prevent  more  than  a  50  per  cent,  crop  being  planted  ne.xt 
year." 

Clyde  Grady,  will,  in  the  very  near  future,  re-occupy  the 
buildmg  at  Smith  Mills,  Ky.,  in  which  he  conducted  his  drug 
store  previous  to  the  conflagration  which  destroyed  that  city 
August  30th.  His  old  quarters  are  being  remodeled  and  put 
in  condition  for  the  resumption  of  business  at  the  old  stand. 
Meanwhile,  he  is  trying  to  cater  to  his  patrons  in  a  building 
too  small  for  the  amount  of  stock  he  carries. 

J.  M.  Diller,  druggist  at  Sckitan,  O.,  is  being  sued  for 
?5000  damages  by  Mrs.  Nora  McFarland.  The  plaintiff 
claims  that  on  July  7  she  applied  at  Diller's  store  to  have  a 
prescription  for  laudanum  filled,  but  instead  she  was  supplied 
with  60  cents"  worth  of  a  certain  poisonous  drug,  she  avers, 
which  caused  her  to  become  so  sick  that  she  -vvas  unable  to 
attend  to  her  household  duties  for  more  than  two  months. 

ifflorrison's  new  drug  store  at  East  Eighth  and  Cherry 
streets,  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  has  been  formally  opened  to  the 
public.  The  proprietor,  Mark  Morrison,  is  well  known  to 
Chattanoogans,  having  formerly  managed  the  Live  and  Let 
Live  drug  store,  and  his  corps  of  salesmen,  pharmacists  and 
soda  men  will  be  recognized  by  acquaintances  formed  while 
they  were  connected  with  other  local  drug  stores. 

The  Collins  Drug  Co.,  Collins,  Miss.,  owned  by  Otho  S. 
Mayiield.  has  been  thrown  into  involuntary  bankruptcy  and  a 
receiver  has  been  appointed  to  conduct  the  business.  The 
petition  alleges  that  Jlr.  Mayfield,  while  insolvent,  transferred 
a  portion  of  property  to  one  or  more  creditors,  and  "concealed 
or  removed  a  part  of  his  property  with  the  intent  to  hinder, 
delay  or  defraud  his  creditors." 

Bead's  pharmacy.  Market  and  Marion  streets,  on  the 
South  Side,  Voungstown,  O.,  has  established  a  branch  to  be 
known  as  Reed's  Prescription  pharmacy,  at  Burke  and  North 
avenue.  North  Side.  The  opening  of  St.  Elizabeth's  hospital 
has  made  a  drug  store  in  this  section  a  necessity.  A  complete 
stock  of  surgical  instruments  will  be  carried.  A  soda  fountain 
is  another  feature.     Wayne  Anderson  is  in  charge. 

Otto  Baubenheimer's  Verona  pharmacy,  1341  Fulton 
street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  recently  received  its  annual  visit  from 
burglars.  Their  haul  is  generally  worth  about  $400  to  $500. 
This  year  they  got  only  about  $100  worth  of  stock.  Mr. 
Raubenheimer  is  indebted  to  a  neighbor  who  resides  above  his 
store  and  whose  walking  around  the  apartment  scared  the 
thieves  away. 

B.  Douglas  Mathews  and  Glenn  H.  Tanner,  doing  busi- 
ness at  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.,  under  the  name  of  '.he  Hill 
Drug  Co.,  have  been  sued  for  $1,000  damages,  alleged  to  have 
been  caused  by  the  defendants  selling  the  plaintiffs  husband 
intoxicating  liquors.     Plaintiff  claims,   it   is  reported,   that  this 


is  the  probable  cause  of  the  neglect  of  the  husband  of  herself 
and  of  his  alleged  abuse. 

M.  B.  Puckett,  proprietor  of  the  Star  drug  store,  Bartles- 
villc,  Kans.,  nnist  pay  $800  to  Mrs.  Ida  Pitcher,  a  jury,  it  is 
reported,  having  found  that  the  plaintiff  was  damaged  to  that 
extent  by  the  e.\plosion  of  a  bottle  of  gasoline  which  she  had 
purchased  from  the  drug  store  lor  wood  alcohol.  She  sued 
for  $10,000  damages. 

Eeid's  pharmacy,  Columbus,  Ga.,  is  in  the  hands  of  a 
receiver,  an  involuntary  petition  having  been  signed  by  credi- 
tors. The  receiver  is  quoted  to  the  effect  that  Mr.  Reid  esti- 
mates his  stock  and  fi.\tures  to  be  worth  approximately 
$14,000.  The  total  claims  of  creditors,  it  is  said,  will  not 
e.xceed  $8,000  or  $9,000. 

C.  Ernest  Montanye,  of  Gloversville,  N.  Y.,  and  Henry 
Gross,  of  Johnstown,  have  purchased  the  pharmacy  in  South 
Main  street,  Gloversville,  owned  and  conducted  during  the 
past  year  by  George  A.  Ross,  of  Glens  Falls.  Mr.  Montanye 
is  a  graduate  of  Albany  C.  P.  and  has  had  16  years  experience 
in  the  business.     Mr.  Gross  is  also  an  A.  C.  P.  graduate. 

The  Neuralgyline  Co.,  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  purchased  the 
entire  interest  of  J.  G.  Dodson,  in  The  J.  G.  Dodson  Medicine 
Co.,  manufacturers  of  Dodson's  Liver-tone,  Atlanta,  Ga.  The 
consideration  in  the  deal,  which  occurred  on  October  1st,  is 
said  to  have  been  around  the  million  dollar  mark.  The  new 
holders  will   inaugurate  an  extensive  advertising  campaign. 

Biker-Hegeman  Co.  will  open  its  third  store  in  Phila- 
delpliia,  having  leased  a  store  in  the  Vernon  building,  north- 
west corner  of  Germantown  and  Chelten  avenues,  in  the  busi- 
ness center  of  Germantown.  The  lease  is  for  10  years  and 
involves  the  payment,  it  is  said,  of  an  aggregate  rental  of  about 
$100,000. 

The  Owl  Drug  Co.,  of  Hattiesburg,  La.,  composed  of  F. 
E.  and  E.  J.  Williams,  have  answered  to  the  bill  of  complaint 
filed  against  them  by  the  Coca  Cola  Co.,  of  .Vllanta,  Ga.  They 
deny  that  they  have  been  substituting  a  syrup  of  their  own 
make  for  coca  cola.  They  assert  that  they  make  a  syrup,  but 
sell  it  as  their  own  product. 

The  Yahr  &  Lange  Drug  Co.,  of  Milwaukee,  well 
known  wholesale  drug  house,  is  now  entirely  settled  in  its  re- 
cently purchased  building  at  Chicago  and  East  Water  street. 
The  structure  is  six  stories  high  and  has  been  remodeled  into 
one  of  the  finest  wholesale  drug  establishments  in  the  north- 
west. 

Charles  Mauch,  Easton,  Pa.,  has  opened  a  branch  labora- 
tory at  Northampton  Heights,  for  the  manufacture  of  medi- 
cines. A  retail  store  will  also  be  established  at  that  place 
just  as  soon  as  the  business  justifies  it.  Mr.  Mauch  also  in- 
tends to  manufacture  physicians'  supplies,  for  which  his  ex- 
perience particularly  fits  him. 

Demert  Drug  and  Chemical  Co,,  has  leased  the  comer 
store  in  the  Davenport  hotel,  Sprague  avenue  and  Lincoln 
street,  Spokane,  Wash.  The  drug  company  has  been  located 
in  the  Whitten  building.  Post  street  and  Sprague  avenue,  for 
years.  The  fixtures  in  the  store  will  be  in  keeping  with  the 
tone  of  the  hotel. 

A.  Spiegel,  president  of  the  A.  Spiegel  Co.,  Milwaukee, 
Wis.,  recently  signed  his  check  for  the  sum  of  $50  to  purchase 
a  bale  of  cotton.  The  bale  will  be  shipped  to  Milwaukee  and 
exhibited  in  the  firm's  show  windows.  The  idea  is  to  thereby 
stimulate  interest  in  the  Milwaukee  "  'Buy  a  Bale  of  Cotton' 
Club"  and  to  increase  its  membership. 

M.  L.  Palmer  and  son  have  disposed  of  their  drug  stock 
at  White,  S.  D.,  to  A.  H.  Gazely.  The  building  has  been 
sold  to  S.  A.  Smith.  Father  and  son  will  go  to  California. 
The  firm  of  M.  L.  Palmer  &  Son  was  one  of  the  oldest  in 
White,  having  been  in  business  for  almost  25  years. 

Olsen's  drug  store,  Des  Moines,  la.,  won  fourth  prize 
in  a  recent  window  display  contest  held  in  that  city.  The 
prize  was  $10  in  cash.  Artistic  merit,  originality  and  adver- 
tising value  were  the  considerations  in  rating  the  displays. 
The  contest  was  held  during  the  Style  show. 

The  Southern  Drug  Co.,  of  Houston,  Texas,  has  noti- 
fied the  Chamber  of  Commerce  of  that  city  that  it  has  been 
instructed  to  buy  a  bale  of  cotton  for  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  In- 
dianapolis. The  latter  firm,  it  was  said,  will  buy  a  bale  in 
every   cotton   State. 

The  Crown  Cork  and  Seal  Co.,  of  Baltimore,  Md.,  has, 
according  to  a   recent   report,   wired   F.   M.   Gobright,   manager 


November,  1914]  THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA  535 

How  Sponges  were  Effectively  Displayed  in  a  Milwaukee  Show  Window 


THERE  are  few  drug  concerns  in  Milwaukee  which  offer  more  varied  and  unique  window  exhibits  than  does  the  A. 
Spiegel  Co.,  operating  successful  stores  at  Grand  ave.  and  West  Water  St.,  124  Wisconsin  st.  and  at  414  National 
ave.  Besides  featuring  interesting  and  instructive  displays  in  its  windows,  the  Spiegel  concern  usually  has  some 
demonstration  going  on  which  attracts  the  attention  of  the  public.  Adolph  Spiegel,  head  of  the  Spiegel  concern,  is  a  firm 
believer  in  the  efficacy  of  window  advertising.  The  picture  shows  an  interesting  exhibit  of  sponges  and  other  bath  articles 
on  display  in  the  West  Water  street  windows  of  the  main  Spiegel  pharmacy  at  Grand  avenue  and  West  Water  streets. 
The  figure  standing  in  the  center  of  the  exhibit  is  made  entirely  of  sponges,  bath  towels  and  chamois  skins,  and  wears 
a  pair  of  rubber  gloves.  The  window  attracted  a  great  deal  of  attention  and,  as  usual,  brought  much  new  business  to 
the  store. 


of  its  Texas  house  at  Dallas,  to  buy  6,000,000  pounds  of  cotton 
at  10  cents  a  pound.  The  Houston  Chamber  of  Commerce  has 
been  instructed  to  buy  cotton  for  this  company. 

Otto  Wernicke,  druggist  at  1046  Gage  street,  Chicago, 
recently  won  his  case  in  court,  his  landlord  prosecuting  him 
for  alleged  violation  of  terms  of  lease  by  selling  intoxicating 
liquors.  Jury  also  decided  that  the  landlord  should  pay  the 
costs   of   prosecution. 

Jeffersonville,  Ind.,  druggists  recently  abandoned  an 
arrangement  by  which  all  of  the  drug  stores  in  that  city  were 
closed  from  noon  to  seven  P.  M.  on  Sundays.  Some  of  the 
druggists  operating  soda  fountains  found  that  they  could  not 
afford   to  close  on   Sunday. 

The  Florida  Essential  Oils  Co.,  Jacksonville,  is  the 
reputed  owner  of  a  new  industry  which  is  being  launched 
in  Clay  county,  Florida.  Work  has  been  begun  to  clear 
12,000  acres  of  pine  trees  and  stumpage  and  as  fast  as  cleared 
camphor  trees  will  be  set  out. 

The  People's  drug  store  is  the  style  of  the  company 
which  has  purchased  the  Keller  pharmacy  at  Union,  S.  C.  It 
is  composed  of  J.  H.  Wellborn  and  E.  B.  McLaurin,  both  of 
whom  have  for  the  past  year  or  so  been  with  the  Milhous 
Drug  Co.     The  store  is  being  remodeled. 

E.  B.  Heimstreet,  well  known  druggist  of  Palmyra,  Wis., 
secretary  of  the  Wisconsin  Ph. A.,  has  purchased  the  bankrupt 
stock  of  Amo  Fink,  heretofore  the  only  other  druggist  at 
Palmyra.  The  sale  was  made  through  a  cormnittee  of  Fink's 
creditors. 

Robert  Glass,  druggist  at  Monroe  and  Second  streets, 
Troy,  N.  Y.,  is  being  sued  for  $10,000,  damages  alleged  by  a 
schocJ  teacher  to  have  been   incurred  as  a  result  of  using,   it 


is  reported,  the  chemical  supplied  her  by  the  druggist  in  the 
place  of  the  hair  preparation  she  thought  she  had  asked  for. 
Charles  W.  Westenfelter,  proprietor  of  "Westie's"  drug 
store.  East  Main  street,  Springfield,  Ohio,  has  secured  a 
patent  on  a  dental  preparation  He  says  it  is  the  only  patent 
granted  upon  a  dentifrice,  these  preparations  generally  being 
exploited  under  trademarked  designations. 

A.  J.  Pellens,  who  entered  the  drug  business  at  Seymour, 
Ind.,  in  1865,  has  sold  his  drug  store  on  South  Chestnut  street 
to  J.  C.  Erganbright,  of  Indianapolis.  Mr.  Pellens'  health  has 
been  failing  of  late,  it  is  reported,  and  he  has  decided  to  enjoy 
his  remaining  days. 

A.  J.  Duncan,  colored,  a  druggist  on  Main  street,  Bowling 
Green,  Ky.,  has  filed  a  deed  of  assignment,  naming  J.  H. 
Barclay  as  assignee.  The  liabilities  are  placed  at  $1500  and 
assets  at  $200, 

The  Parlor  drug  store,  Gulfport,  La.,  which  was  id- 
judged  a  bankrupt,  has  filed  a  list  of  liabilities  and  assets, 
the  former  being  given  as  $21,816,  and  the  assets  as  $23,843. 
The  referee   ordered  the  sale  of  the  stock. 

E.  J.  Carver  has  purchased  the  drug  stock  of  E.  S. 
Crona,  Boulder,  Colo.  Mr.  Carver  was  formerly  supervisor 
over  the  ten  miles  of  fine  road  recently  completed  between 
Lafayette  and  Boulder,  known  as  the  Valley  Road. 

Frank  Fox,  formerly  an  assistant  in  the  drug  store  of 
Bernhard  Wolters,  Havana,  111.,  has  purchased  a  store  at 
Chandleville,  in  which  he  was  a  clerk  for  three  years  before 
coming  to  Havana.     The  firm  name  will  be  Fox  &  Lee. 

Henry  A.  Jones,  who  for  several  years  past  has  been  in 
the  employ  of  J.  P.  Thatcher,  Westchester,  Pa.,  will  open  his 
own  drug  store  in  the  very  near  future.  A  new  soda  founttin 
will  be  a  feature  of  the  establishment. 


536 


THE    PHARJIACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


Samuel  Fisher,  owner  for  the  past  eight  years  of  the 
City  drug  store.  Gas  City,  Ind.,  has  sold  the  property  to  A. 
M.  Caulkins,  of  Columbus,  O.  Mr.  Caulkins  at  one  time  con- 
ducted stores  at  Columbus  and  in  New  York. 

George  B.  Clawson,  a  prominent  druggist  of  Troy,  Ohio, 
it  is  reported,  recently  pleaded  guilty  to  three  charges  of  un- 
lawful sales  of  cocaine.  He  was  fined  $25  and  the  costs  in 
each  case.     Two  of  the  fines  were  suspended. 

The  Wm.  L.  Shepard  Mfg.  Co.,  has  located  in  the  Con- 
necticut b.ink  building,  Bridgeport,  Ct.,  and  will  manufacture 
toilet  specialties.  The  general  manager  is  Wm.  L,  Shepard  of 
AVulnut  beach. 

The  Ensign  Remedy  Co.,  Battle  Creek,  Mich.,  accord- 
ing to  a  newspaper  report,  was  recently  given  24  hours  by 
the  City  Sealer  in  which  to  clean  up.  The  order  followed 
an   attack  on  tlie  company  by  the  State  Board  of  Health. 

T.  W.  Thiesen,  president  of  the  Red  Cross  Drug  Co.,  of 
Racine.  Wis.,  owner  of  five  successful  pharmacies  in  Racine, 
has  purchased  the  stock  and  lease  of  tlie  Public  Drug  Co.,  one 
of  the  finest  stores  in  Kenosha,  Wis. 

Cheljoygan,  Mich.,  stores  close  at  9:00  P.  M.  every 
night  e.xcept  Saturday.  An  agreement  to  this  effect  has  been 
made  by  druggists  of  that  city.  It  holds  good  until  June 
1st,  1915. 

uoseph  M.  Conley,  president  and  treasurer  of  the  Conley 
Drug  Co.,  136-138  River  street,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  has  filed 
a  petition  in  bankruptcv,  scheduling  liabilities  amounting  to 
S29S6,  and  assets,  S2600. 

Carter  &  Sattison,  Columbia  City,  Ind.,  is  again  the 
property  of  W.  H.  Carter.  Charles  Sattison  was  obliged  to 
sell  his  half  interest  in  the  company's  drug  store  because  of 
poor  health. 

The  Physicians'  Supply  and  Drug  Co.,  425  South 
Honore  street,  Chicago,  was  recently  burglarized,  $800  worth 
of  surgical  supplies  and  instruments  making  up  the  loot.  Pad- 
ded bricks  were  used  to  break  the  window. 

Bruce  Ellis,  formerly  connected  with  several  drug  stores 
at  Little  Rock,  .^rk.,  has  purchased  the  Freiderica  phar- 
macy,  Capitol  avenue  and  Gaines  street,  that  city. 

The  Riker-Jaynes  store  at  Worcester,  Mass.,  celebrated 
its  third  anniversary  in  that  city  by  conducting  a  special  an- 
niversary sale. 

Carl  Dtinlap  has  moved  his  drug  store  at  Wichita,  Kans., 
from  617  East  Douglas  avenue,  to  the  M.  A.  McClellan  build- 
ing at  618  East  Douglas  avenue. 

S.  F.  Porter,  has  purchased  and  taken  charge  of  the  drug 
store,  formerly  the  property  of  W.  V.  Spinning,  corner  Broad- 
way and  Second  street,  Peru,  Ind. 

Puffer  &  Mauck,  of  Burlington,  and  Strawn,  Kans.,  has 
been  dissolved.  !Mr.  Puffer  taking  the  drug  store  at  Burling- 
ton.    This  establishment  will  be  known  as  Puffer's  pharmacy. 

O.  R.  Briggs,  of  Colby,  Wis.,  has  erected  an  addition  to 
his  store,  which  gives  him  a  floor  space  of  25  x  90  feet.  Xew 
fi.\tures  and  a  new  soda  fountain  have  been  installed. 

E.  0.  Whipple,  proprietor  of  the  Comer  drug  store  at 
Waterloo,  Wis.,  has  remodeled  his  store.  New  fixtures  have 
been  placed  in  position  and  a  larger  stock  is  being  carried. 

Central  avenue  pharmacy,  Tampa,  Fla.,  formerly  own- 
ed by  T.  S.  Bretton,  has  been  purchased  by  Marion  Browning. 
New  owner  will  put  in  a  new  stock. 

Harry  W.  Foeller's  drug  store,  Paterson  avenue,  East 
Rutherford,  N.  J.,  was  entered  by  burglars  recently  and  goods 
to  the  value  of  $250  were  stolen. 

Hendrick's  Drug  Co.,  Sterling,  111.,  has  jumped  from 
tenth  to  seventh  place,  class  D  (cities  having  a  population  of 
5,000  to  10,000),  in  the  annual  report  of  the  United  Drug  Co. 

J.  C.  Weik  will  open  a  drug  store  in  the  new  building  at 
Shuler  and  Bender  avenues,  East  Hamilton,   Ohio. 

Michael  May  has  become  proprietor  of  a  drug  store  at 
Andale,  Kans. 


VIOLATIONS  OF  PURE   FOOD  LAW   REPORTED 


The  consumption  of  white  arsenic  in  the  United  States  in 
1913  amounted  to  about  7,200  tons,  valued  at  S570,000,  of  which 
2,513  tons,  valued  at  $159,236,  was  produced  in  this  country 
as  a  by-product  from  copper  and  precious-metal  smelters,  and 
th-  remainder  was  imported  largely  from  European  countries. 
Increased  domestic  production  is  now  possible. 


False  Therapeutic  Claims,  Omission  of  Content  State- 
ments and  Substitutions  Are  Frequent 
W.\SHIXCT0N-,  Oct.  20. — The  Department  of  .Vgriculture  has 
given  public  notice  of  judgments  2985  to  3241,  imposed  by 
the  courts  in  cases  brought  by  the  United  States  involving 
violations  of  the  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  most  of  them  relating 
to  misbranding  or  adulteration. 

A  fine  of  $25  and  costs  of  $13.50  was  imposed  upon  the 
American  Union  Cordial  Co.  of  Penna.,  Inc.,  AUentown,  for 
shipping  in  interstate  commerce  a  quantity  of  "Ferro  China 
.\ntimalarico  Anti-Malariac  Iron-Chincona  American  Union 
*  *  *,"  the  label  for  which  product  did  not  state  the  alcohol 
content. 

Thirteen  cases,  each  containing  12  bottles  of  Eckman's  Al- 
terative, seven  of  which  were  in  the  possession  of  the  Rich- 
ardson Drug  Co.  and  six  in  possession  of  E.  E.  Bruce  &  Co., 
both  of  Omaha,  Neb.,  were  found  to  be  misbranded,  in  that 
the  label  statements  "Effective  as  a  preventative  for  Pneu- 
monia" and  "We  know  it  has  cured  and  that  it  has  and  will 
cure  Tuberculosis"  were  false,  fraudulent  and  misleading. 
The  product  was  ordered  released  to  the  claimant,  the  Eck- 
man  Mfg.  Co.,  Philadelphia,  upon  execution  of  a  properly 
conditioned  bond  of  $250  and  payment  of  costs.  The  defend- 
ant filed  a  petition  for  a  writ  of  error  and  the  case  is  now 
pending  in  the  Supreme   Court. 

Sentence  was  suspended  in  the  case  of  the  Magistral  Chem- 
ical Co.,  New  York,  which  shipped  a  quantity  of  a  drug  called 
'"Nutrito"  which  was  misbranded.  Contrary  to  label  state- 
ment, product  contained  pyramidon,  not  a  U.S. P.  article,  and 
milk  sugar.     Defendant  company  entered   a  plea  of  guilty. 

A  fine  of  $20  was  imposed  upon  Burrough  Bros.  Manufac- 
turing Co.,  Baltimore,  for  shipping  a  quantity  of  compressed 
tablets,  acetanilid  compound  No.  5,  which  were  adulterated 
and  misbranded.  Contrary  to  the  label  statement  that  each 
tablet  contained  2^  grains  of  acetanilid,  each  tablet  contained 
only  1.847  grains.  The  sodium  salicylate  was  also  below  the 
professed  standard.  Defendant  company  entered  a  plea  of 
guilty. 

The  court  ordered  the  destruction  of  539  wooden  bo.xes  and 
322  pasteboard  cartons  of  Wm.  Radam's  Microbe  Killer,  re- 
maining unsold  in  the  possession  of  D.  W.  Ham,  Minneapolis. 
Product  was  shipped  by  the  Wm.  Radam  Microbe  Killer  Co., 
New  York,  and  was  misbranded,  in  that  the  many  state- 
ments regarding  the  curative  and  therapeutic  properties  of 
the  product  were  misleading.  The  case  was  tried  before  a 
jury  which  returned  a  verdict  in  favor  of  the  U.   S. 

A  fine  of  $10,  with  costs  of  $12.95,  was  imposed  upon 
the  Wm.  A.  Webster  Co.,  Memphis,  Tenn.,  for  shipping 
"Wine  Coca  Leaves,"  "500  tablets  Acetanilid  and  Sodium 
Bromide  Compound,"  "500  Tablets-.^nti-Voraiting,"  "500  5-gr. 
tablets  Aspirin  Monoaceticacidester  of  Salicylic  Acid  *  *  *," 
"Tablets  Bismuth  and  Calomel  Compound,"  "500  Tablets 
Cold,"  "500  Tablets  Quinine  Laxative,"  "500  Tablets  Salol," 
and  "500  Tablets  Sodium  Salicylate."  The  bismuth  and  calo- 
mel tablets  were  misbranded.  The  other  products  were  mis- 
branded and  adulterated.  In  the  first  product  the  alcohol- 
content  statement  was  misleading  and  a  cocain-content  state- 
ment was  absent.  The  other  products  were  not  in  accordance  • 
with  the  professed  standards  under  which  they  were  sold.  The 
defendant  company  entered  a  plea  of  guilty. 

Fines  amounting  to  $125  were  imposed  upon  James  B. 
Horner,  New  York,  for  shipping  "Oil  Rosemary  Flowers" 
and  "Oil  Red  Thyme,"  both  of  which  products  were  not  in 
accord  with  the  U.S. P.  standards.  The  first  contained  2.15 
per  cent,  of  ester  calculated  as  bornyl  acetate  and  9.2  per  cent, 
of  total  borneol.  The  second  product  contained  turpentine, 
which  is  not  an  ingredient  of  the  U.S.P.  oil  of  thyme. 

A  fine  of  $20  was  imposed  upon  Moses  Sexton,  manager 
for  M.  E.  Pywell.  doing  business  as  Robert  T.  Pywell,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  for  shipping  "Tine.  Iodine  *  *  *,"  which 
differed  from  the  U.S.P.  standard. 

Pasquale  Gargiulo,  doing  business  as  P.  Gargiulo  &  Co., 
New  York,  was  fined  $40  for  shipping  a  quantity  of  Fernet 
Milano,  which  was  misbranded.  Product  was  labeled  in  the 
Italian  language,  and  a  transcription  of  label  in  part  is 
as  follows:  "Fernet  Milano  Liquor  Vermifuge  (worm  de- 
stroyer)     *     *     *."      It   was   an   imitation   of   Fernet   Milano, 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


537 


a    well-known    article.      The    alcohol    statement    was    absent. 
Product  was  manufactured  in  this  country,  not  in  Italy. 

The  court  ordered  the  sale  of  one  box  of  Dr.  Hilton's 
Specific  No.  3,  remaining  unsold  on  the  premises  of  the  John 
W.  Perkins  Co.,  Portland,  Me.  Label-statements  that  the 
products  "kills  the  cold,  prevents  pneumonia,  *  *  *,"  etc., 
were  misleading  and  constituted  a  misbranding.  No  claim- 
ant appeared   for   the  property. 

A  fine  of  $10,  %vith  costs  of  $12.95,  was  imposed  upon  the 
Wm.  A.  Webster  Co.,  Memphis,  Tenn.,  for  shipping  "500 
Pills  Neuralgic,"  which  were  adulterated  and  misbranded. 
Contrary  to  label  statement  that  pills  contained  1/20  grain  of 
morphine  sulphate,  they  contained  a  much  less  quantity. 
While  it  was  alleged  in  the  information  that  the  product  con- 
tained from  0.0048  to  0.0051  grain  of  morphine  sulphate,  an- 
alysis showed  that  five  pills  of  the  product  contained  0.0048 
to  0.0051   gram  of  morphine  sulphate. 

The  above  company  w-as  fined  SIO,  with  costs  of  $12.95,  for 
shipping  "500  Diarrhoea  Calomel"  pills,  which  were  adulter- 
ated and  misbranded  in  that  they  contained  much  less  than 
1/16  grain  morphine  sulphate  to  each  pill,  the  amount  stated 
on  the  label.  Further,  package  failed  to  bear  a  statement  of 
quantity  or  proportion  of  morphine  contained  therein  in  type 
sufficiently  large  to  comply  with  the  requirements  of  paragraph 
c,  regulation  17. 

A  similar  fine  and  costs  were  imposed  upon  Wm.  A.  Web- 
ster Co.  for  shipping  "100  Soluble  Hypodermic  Tablets. 
Morphine  Sulphate  J4  gr.,"  product  containing  only  0.21  grain 
per  tablet. 

A  libel  was  filed  for  the  seizure  and  condemnation  of  eight 
packages  ,each  containing  12  bottles,  of  Smith's  Agricultural 
Liniment,  remaining  unsold  in  possession  of  John  D.  Park  & 
Sons  Co.,  Cincinnati.  Product  was  misbranded  in  that  the  label 
statements  claimed  curative  and  therapeutic  properties  which 
the  drug  did  not  possess.  It  was  not  a  cure  for  rheumatism, 
diphtheria,  sore  throat,  pneumonia,  etc.  Product  was  ordered 
restored  to  claimant  upon  payment  of  all  costs  and  execution 
of  proper   bond. 

The  court  ordered  the  destruction  of  eight  wooden  cases 
each  containing  six  12-ounce  bottles  of  stramoline,  remaining 
unsold  in  the  possession  of  the  Davis  Bros.  Drug  Co.,  Denver. 
Product  was  misbranded  in  that  it  was  represented  on  the 
label  to  be  a  specific  for  a  number  of  diseases,  including  tub- 
erculosis in  all  its  forms.  Product  contained  no  ingredients 
capable  of  producing  the  therapeutic  effects  claimed  for  it  or 
warranting  the  representations  made. 

It  was  also  ordered  that  six  cases  of  Dr.  Sullivan's  Sure 
Solvent  be  destroyed.  It  was  alleged  that  the  product  had 
been  shipped  by  the  Dr.  Sullivan  Sure  Solvent  Co.,  Buffalo, 
and  consigned  to  The  Hall-Van  Gorder  Co.,  Cleveland.  Mis- 
branding consisted  in  that  the  product  contained  no  ingredi- 
ents capable  of  producing  the  therapeutic  effects  claimed  for 
it. 

Twenty-eight  cases,  each  containing  24  bottles  of  so-called 
West  Baden  Sprudel  Water,  remaining  unsold  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Levi  &  Ottenheimer,  Cincinnati,  were  ordered  destroy- 
ed. Adulteration  was  alleged  for  the  reason  that  product  in 
part  consisted  of  a  filthy  and  decomposed  animal  substance. 
Contrary  to  the  deceptive  statements,  designs  and  devices  on 
the  labels,  product  was  not  a  natural  spring  water.  To  it 
had  been  added  sodium  sulphate,  magnesium  sulphate  and  a 
little  sodium  chloride.  The  West  Baden  Springs  Co.,  West 
Baden,  Inc.,  the  bottler  and  shipper,  and  Levi  &  Ottenheimer, 
were  given  notice  of  the  proceedings,  but  no  claimant  ap- 
peared.    An  order  pro  confesso  was  entered. 

A  libel  was  filed  for  the  seizure  and  condemnation  of  one 
gross  of  a  product  called  "Russell's  White  Drops,"  a  drug  al- 
leged to  have  been  shipped  by  the  Russell.  Medicine  Co.,  Prov- 
idence, R.  I.  It  was  misbranded  for  the  reason  that  the 
packages  failed  to  bear  a  true  statement  on  the  label  ef  the 
quantity  of  alcohol  and  codeine  contained  in  it.  The  state- 
ment, "Russell's  White  Drops  contain  10  per  cent,  alcohol 
also  %  grain  of  codein  per  oz.,"  was  not  true.  Product  was 
not  a  safe  and  effectual  remedy  for  babies  and  children  teeth- 
ing, and  would  not  soften  the  gums,  reduce  inflammation, 
correct  acidity  of  the  stomach,  regulate  the  bowels,  etc.,  which 
curative  and  therapeutic  properties  were  claimed  on  the  pack- 
ages and  labels.  No  claimant  appeared  and  property  was 
ordered  destroyed. 

Forty  boxes  of  mint  tablets,  each  containing  30  retail  tin 
packages,   remaining  unsold   in  the  possession   of  The   E.   W. 


Dunstan  Co.,  New  York,  and  alleged  to  have  ben  shipped  by 
The  Manufacturing  Company  of  America,  Philadelphia,  were 
ordered  destroyed.  Counter  display  box  was  labeled:  "U- 
ALL-NO  Mint  Tablets— 5c.  Each  box  contains  IS  tablets." 
Confectionery  contained  more  than  five  per  cent.  talc.  No 
claimant  appeared  and  product  was  ordered  destroyed. 

Two  packages,  containing  118  pounds  of  a  product  purport- 
ing to  be  oil  of  birch,  in  possession  of  J.  H.  Bowne,  Ne.v 
York,  and  shipped  by  Holman  Bros.,  Crandall,  Tenn..  or 
Mountain  City,  Tenn.,  were  ordered  destroyed.  Product  bore 
no  marks  or  labels  except  tlie  name  and  address  of  the  con- 
signee and  express  data,  but  was  invoiced  as  birch  oil.  It 
consisted  largely  of  methyl  salicylate.  No  claimant  appeared 
and   property  was  ordered  destroyed. 

The  court  ordered  the  destruction  of  one  package  of  alleged 
wintergreen  leaf  oil,  remaining  unsold  upon  the  premises 
of  the  Fuller  &  Fuller  Co.,  Chicago,  and  shipped  by  M.  G. 
Teaster,  Roan  Mountain,  Tenn.  Methyl  salicylate  had  been 
substituted  in  part  for  the  article.  No  claimant  appeared.  .\ 
similar  disposition  was  ordered  made  of  four  packages,  con- 
taining 150  pounds,  more  or  less,  of  a  product  purporting  to 
be  oil  of  wintergreen  and  oil  of  sweet  birch,  in  possession  of 
Magnus,  Mabee  and  Reynard,  New  Y'ork,  and  shipped  by 
R.  H.  Clawson,  Cranberry,  N.  C.  Methyl  salicylate  was  em- 
ployed as  a  substitute.  Except  for  names  and  quantities  judg- 
ments 3203  and  3204  are  similar  to  those  above  noted.  Two 
packages  containing  117  pounds  of  a  product  purporting  to  be 
oil  of  birch,  in  possession  of  Antione  Chiris  Co.,  New  York, 
and  shipped  by  Trivett  and  Ray,  Beech  Creek,  N.  C,  were 
ordered  destroyed,  as  was  also  one  package,  containing  76 
pounds  in  possession  of  H.  Cohen,  New  York,  and  shipped  by 
J.  T.  Perry.  Elizabethton,  Tenn.  Jlethyl  salicylate  was  used  « 
in  each  product. 

Methyl  salicylate  was  the  adulterant  employed  in  the  fol- 
lowing cases: 

One  can,  containing  about  65  pounds  of  product  purporting 
to  be  oil  of  birch,  in  possession  of  C.  F.  Polk,  Troy,  N.  Y., 
and  shipped  by  J.  W.  Hinkle,  Elk  Park,  N.  C.  Shipping 
tag  was  inscribed  "Oil  of  Birch."  Product  was  ordered  re- 
delivered to  C.  F.  Polk,  upon  payment  of  costs  and  execu- 
tion of  proper  bond.  Two  packages,  eadi  containing  60 
pounds  of  a  product  purporting  to  be  oil  of  sweet  birch,  in 
possession  of  Dodge  &  Olcott,  New  York,  and  shipped  by 
the  Laurel  Fork  Distilling  Co.,  Hampton,  Tenn.,  were  or- 
dered destroyed.  Product  bore  no  marks,  brands,  or  labels 
other  than  express  tags  with  the  name  and  address  of  the 
consignor.  One  can  containing  about  47  pounds  of  a  product 
purporting  to  be  oil  of  wintergreen,  in  the  possession  of 
C.  F.  Polk,  Troy,  N.  Y.,  and  shipped  by  V.  B.  Bowers,  Elk 
Park,  N.  C,  was  ordered  redelivered  to  C.  F.  Polk  upon  pay- 
ment of  costs  amounting  to  $27.95,  and  the  execution  of  a 
bond  in  the  sum  of  $100.  When  this  case  was  reported  for  ac- 
tion, no  claim  was  made  that  the  presence  of  methyl  salicylate 
in  the  product  rendered  it  unfit  for  food  or  that  the  product 
was  deleterious  to  health.  One  package,  containing  approxi- 
mately 37  pounds  of  a  product  purporting  to  be  oil  of  birch, 
remaining  unsold  in  possession  of  Dodge  &  Olcott  Co.,  New 
York,  and  alleged  to  have  been  shipped  by  Trivett  &  Ray, 
Beech  Creek,  N.  C,  was  ordered  destroyed.  Product  was  of- 
fered for  sale  and  invoiced  by  the  shipper  as  birch  oil. 
One  can,  containing  approximately  50  pounds  of  a  product 
purporting  to  be  oil  of  birch,  in  possession  of  C.  F.  Polk, 
Troy,  and  shipped  by  J.  W.  Hinkle,  Elk  Park,  N.  C,  was  re- 
leased upon  payment  of  costs  and  execution  of  proper  bond. 


EECENT  FIBES 

At  Bantam,  Ct.,  .A.  H.  Kaehrle,  drug  store  burned  out. 

At  Gadsden,  Ala.,  Vance  Drug  Co.,  fire  in  prescription  de- 
partment did  $1000  to  $2000  damage. 

At  East  Machias,  Me.,  F.  W.  Kingsley,  loss,  $5000.  Fire  did 
$25,000  damage  in  village. 

At  East  McKeesport,  Pa.,  C.  N.  Wilson  Drug  Co.,  $6000. 

At  Chicago.  Riney  W.  Hartwig,  loss  about  $1800,  fully  cov- 
ered by  insurance. 

At  New  Haven,  Mich.,  W.  R.  Twiss,  store  destroyed. 

At  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  W.  B.  Malloy,  $1000  damage,  fire  confined 
to  rear  of  building. 

.^t  Union  Springs,  Ala.,  Ravencroft  Drug  Co.;  building  was 
insured  for  $16,500. 

At  Lawrence,  Mass.,  George  G.  Frederick's  drug  store, 
slightly  damaged. 


538 


THE    PHARMACEUTIC.VL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


Not  Affected  by  the  War 
Parke.  Davis  S:  Co.,  of  Detroit,  and  Eli  Lilly  &  Co.,  of 
Indianapolis,  announce  that  they  are  prepared  to  supply  large 
demands  at  prices  unaffected  by  war  conditions.  Parke, 
Davis  &  Co.  are  concentrating  their  promotion  work  on  lines 
which  in  any  event  are  removed  from  the  price  fluctuations 
of  the  drug  market,  namely,  tlieir  biological  products,  espe- 
cially the  .\ntidiphtheric  Serum,  and  the  new  Typhoid 
Phylacogen.  The  former  is  claimed  to  be  the  most  widely 
used  antito.xin  on  the  market,  which  is  due  to  the  admirable 
equipment  of  the  manufacturers,  and  the  painstaking  care 
witli  which  the  products  are  manufactured,  tested,  and  stand- 
ardized. The  Typhoid  Phylacogen  lias  also  been  firmly  estab- 
lished as  regards  its  tlierapeutic  efficiency,  and  druggists  will 
do  well  to  lay  in  stocks  to  meet  the  seasonable  demand  for 
these  articles. 

Eli  Lilly  &  Company  have,  thus  far,  not  been  compelled 
to  refuse  any  order  for  a  reasonable  quantity  of  any  article 
in  their  price  list.  It  is  comparatively  simple  for  a  firm  to 
decline  to  raise  prices  by  discontinuing  the  manufacture  of 
lines  which  can  only  be  obtained  at  advances  on  account  of 
the  war;  but  the  Lilly  policy  has  been  maintained,  and  repre- 
sentatives are  instructed  to  accept  all  unspeculative  orders. 
No  advances  have  been  made  by  the  Lilly  Company,  we  are 
informed,  that  were  not  strictly  justified  by  the  stress  of 
market  conditions. 


Developing  the  Hot  Soda  Business 
The  dispensing  of  hot  soda  during  the  winter  months  is 
getting  to  be  more  popular  each  year,  and  if  you  are  making 
a  special  effort  to  further  your  sales  in  this  department  of 
your  business,  the  ad  of  the  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co., 
Rochester,  N.  Y.,  in  the  color  section  of  this  issue  of  the 
Era  will  interest  you.  Beef  Bouillon  and  Hot  Chocolate  are 
two  of  the  most  popular  flavors  in  this  trade,  and  it  is  es- 
sential that  both  you  and  your  customers  should  be  satisfied 
with  the  products  you  serve.  If  after  considering  the  argu- 
ments therein  set  forth  you  feel  inclined  to  give  the  "True 
Fruit"  brand  a  trial,  we  feel  sure  you  will  experience  no  dis- 
appointment. Get  a  copy  of  the  1915  "True  Fruit"  price 
booklet  before  placing  your  Spring  order.  It  describes  sev- 
•eral  new  and  attractive  items  and  contains  the  most  liberal 
.and  handsome  advertising  offer  the  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co. 
has  ever  made.  Turn  to  the  color  section  of  this  issue  and 
read  about  these  Hot  Soda  Specialties. 


Pinex  for  Winter  Coughs 

The  approach  of  winter  brings,  as  usual,  a  stiff  demand 
for  Pine.x.  This  cough  remedy  is  sold  under  a  wide  open 
guaranty,  backed  by  one  of  the  strongest  concerns  in  the 
proprietary  field.  Its  advertising  policy  has  always  been  a 
very  liberal  one,  but  this  year  the  expenditure  laid  out  is 
larger  than  ever,  giving  assurance  of  a  continued  demand. 
Unlike  a  good  many  proprietary  concerns  dependent  upon 
foreign  chemicals  for  some  of  their  ingredients,  the  Pinex 
Company  did  not  get  caught  by  the  outbreak  of  the  European 
War.  All  its  materials  for  a  two-years'  supply  had  been  pur- 
chased and  shipped  before  the  war  cloud  appeared,  so  it  is  in 
position  to  supply  the  demand  without  interruption,  from  its 
distributing  points  at  Ft.  Wayne,  Ind.,  Toronto,  Canada,  and 
London,  England. 


Phenalgin  as  a  Safe  Analgesic 

Efficient  remedies  for  the  relief  of  pain  which  produce  no 
narcotic  effects,  with  their  distressing  and  oftentimes  disas- 
trous sequelae,  are  difficult  to  find,  and  for  this  reason  the 
opiates,  effective  as  they  may  be  in  soothing  pain,  are  usually 
contraindicated.  As  a  reliable  analgesic  and  one  which  in- 
duces no  drug  habit,  Phenalgin  is  particular  recommended 
by  the  manufacturers.  They  state  that  through  the  use  of 
phenalgin  the  practititioner  can  promptly  control  painful 
menstruation,  and  that  in  the  treatment  of  alcoholism,  it  may 
be  relied  on  to  relieve  the  unpleasant  symptoms  and  to  restore 
the  victim  to  normal  condition  in  a  natural  manner.  In  fact, 
Phenalgin  is  recommended  in  the  treatment  of  all  disorders 
or  diseases  in  which  pain  is  a  prominent  symptom,  such  as 
cephalalgia,  gastro-intestinal  complaints,  la  grippe,  rheuma- 
tism, lumbago,  malaria,  neuralgia,  neurasthenia  and  gout, 
Phenalgin  affords  prompt  and  satisfactory  relief,  without  lock- 
ing up  the  secretions  or  causing  constipation. 


Etemo 

"Eterno,"  yes,  oftimes  I  am  called  everlasting.  I  come 
to  you  from  the  romantic  hillsides  of  Southern  France;  from 
the  rose  laden  fields  of  Bulgaria  and  from  the  historic  old 
\ale  of  Cashmere.  I  draw  for  you  from  Japan's  fairest  blos- 
soms in  that  verdant  land  of  the  orchid.  From  the  sweetest 
products  of  these,  I  am  combined  to  bring  to  you  not  only 
the  fragrance  and  spice  of  earth's  sweetest  bloom,  but  I  trust 
a  little  of  the  sunshine  and  happiness  they  enjoy. 

Lastingly  yours, 

ETERNO. 

We  are  talking  of  the  New  Perfume  made  by  Steams- 
Perfumer — Detroit.  Eterno  has  just  recently  been  announced 
and  has  met  with  unusual  popularity  with  the  entire  retail 
trade.  It  will  be  advisable  to  get  in  touch  with  the  Steams 
salesmen  as  soon  as  possible  and  get  complete  information 
about  the  special  advertising  features  which  are  being  of- 
fered to  popularize  this  new  odor. 


Anchor  Brand  Witch  Hazel 

The  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  specifically  requires  that 
distilled  extract  of  witch  hazel  shall  conform  to  certain  stand- 
ards. Such  a  product  is  the  Anchor  Brand  Witch  Hazel 
which  the  manufacturers  state  is  guaranteed  to  contain   16% 

alcohol,  and  is  made  from  20 
pounds  of  brush  to  the  gallon 
U.  S.  P.  standard  alcoholic  dis- 
tillation. For  sprains,  bruises 
and  superficial  inflammations 
Extract  of  Witch  Hazel  is  ex- 
tensively used,  and  to  obtain 
the  best  therapeutic  results 
physicians  direct  that  only  a 
well  made  extract  shall  be 
used.  Anchor  Brand  Witch 
Hazel  is  claimed  to  answer  to 
all  of  these  requirements  and 
costs  no  more  than  the  witch  hazel  you  are  now  buying.  It 
is  manufactured  by  the  American  Chemical  Co.,  whose  an- 
nouncement appears  in  the  advertising  columns  of  this  issue 
of   the  Era. 


Pabst's  Extract  Go.'s  27th  Annual  Offer 

As  an  exemplification  of  the  printing  art  the  calendars  of 
the  Pabst  Extract  Co.  have  long  been  models  of  their  kind, 
the  great  appreciation  of  this  being  shown  by  the  fact  that 
last  year  almost  one  in  every  ten  of  the  retail  druggists 
throughout  the  United  States  secured  copies  of  the  1914  cal- 
endar. This  year  the  company  expects  a  still  larger  number 
to  accept  its  liberal  proposition,  not  only  because  Pabst  Ex- 
tract has  gained  a  stronger  hold  upon  the  medical  world,  but 
because  the  Pabst  Extract  Panama  Girl  Calendar  for  1915 
is  claimed  to  be  by  far  the  handsomest  and  most  artistic  of 
the  many  beautiful  calendars  the  company  has  put  out  in 
recent  years.  For  full  particulars  of  how  the  druggist  may 
receive  a  supply  of  these  calendars  for  his  customers,  see  ad- 
vertising pages  4  and  5  of  this  issue  of  the  Era. 


Henry  K.  Wampole  Co.  Employees  Will  Dance 
Announcements  have  been  issued  for  the  second  annual 
dance  given  to  their  employees  by  Henry  K.  Wampole  &  Co., 
Inc.,  on  Monday  evening,  Nov.  30,  to  be  held  in  Martel's 
Drawing  Room,  1710  N.  Broad  street,  Philadelphia.  The 
dance  given  by  the  company  a  year  ago  was  a  decided  suc- 
cess, and  the  interest  already  evinced  in  the  coming  one  is 
conclusive  evidence  of  the  good  spirit  created  by  these  events 
among  the  employees. 


Hinds'  Honey  and  Almond  Cream  Offer 

As  a  method  of  creating  interest  in  advertised  goods  the 
u.se  of  picture  stamps  has  much  to  commend  it,  and  many 
dealers  have  obtained  most  satisfactory  results  in  encourag- 
ing collecting  by  boys  and  girls  who  are  interested  in  getting 
full  assortments  of  the  picture  or  poster  stamps  from  the  dif- 
ferent concerns  in  America  that  have  issued  stamps.  A.  S. 
Hinds  has  issued  a  beautiful  series  of  twenty-four  stamps, 
which  are  sure  to  attract  attention  and  be  wanted  by  col- 
lectors. For  full  particulars  regarding  Picture  Stamps  and 
how  they  may  be  used  to  create  a  demand  for  Hinds'  Honey 
and  Almond  Cream,  write  to  A.  S.  Hinds,  Portland,  Me. 


November.  1914] 


THE  phar:maceutical  era 


539 


PATEMTS  AMD  TEAD: 


Adhesive  Plaster  Spool 

PERRY  S.  BAUER,  assignor  to  Bauer  &  Black,  Chicago, 
III.,  has  been  granted  letters  patent  on  an  adhesive  plas- 
ter spool,  z  reproduction  of  which  is  shown  in  the  ac- 
companying illustration  (Patent  No.  1,113,291).  The  spool 
has  a  circular  groove  formed  in  the  inner  face  of  each  end 
wall  extending  about  the  en- 
tire periphery  of  said  walls, 
and  is  combined  with  a  cut- 
ter slidably  engaging  in  the 
grooves  and  so  attached  that 
the  cutter  may  be  moved 
about  the  entire  periphery  of 
the  spool.  The  end  walls  are 
bent  outwardly  adjacent  their 
edges  to  form  circular  shoul- 
ders and  upwardly  and  back 
upon  themselves  beyond  the 
shoulders,  in  which  the  cutter 
rests,  having  its  edges  bent 
up  and  disposed  between  the 
upwardly  and  bent  back  por- 
tions of  the  walls,  v/hereby  the  cutter  is  slidably  and  inter- 
lockingly  engaged  with  the  end  walls  and  movable  about  the 
entire  periphery  of  the  spool. 


a   gear  mounted  upon  the  driving  shaft   for  meshing  with  the 
gear  on   the  terminal  of  the  driven   shaft;   means   for  rotatmg 


Apparatus  for  Producing  Sulphuric  Acid 
This   apparatus   for  producing  sulphuric   acid   is   the   inven- 
tion of  Edward  H.  McFarland.  assignor  to  the  General  Elec- 
tric Co.,  New  York,   (Patent  No.  1,112,424),  is  the  combina- 


1,112,424. 


tion  with  the  lead  chamber  of  a  sulphuric  acid  apparatus,  of 
a  blower  for  producing  a  draft  through  the  chamber,  and  a 
device  responsive  to  variations  in  the  volume  of  gas  passing 
out  of  said  chamber  and  controlling  the  speed  of  the  blower. 
The  draft  through  tlie  chamber  is  produced  by  an  ejector 
nozzle  to  which  air  is  delivered  by  a  blower  driven  by  a  motor, 
a  device  responsive  to  variations  in  the  volume  of  gas  passing 
out  of  the  chamber  controlling  the  speed  of  the  motor.  An 
e.xit  pipe  from  the  chamber  has  a  conical  enlargement  in  which 
is  located  a  disk  float  which  is  connected  with  means  for  con- 
trolling the  supply  of  energy  to  the  motor.  The  blower,  when 
in  operation,  delivers  air  to  the  nozzle  to  the  gases  from  the 
chamber  through  the  exit  pipe,  thereby  expelling  them  through 
the  connected  stack,  as  shown  in  the  illustration. 


1,112,561 


aid  driving  shait,  and  a  right  angularly   arranged  handle  se- 
ured  to  the  side  of  the  tubular  supporting  member. 


Poisonous  Tablet  and  Antidote 
Letters  patent  have  been  granted  to  John  A.  Bergstrom,  Pas- 
saic N  J  on  the  poison  medicinal  tablet  shown  m  the  above 
illustration  (Patent  No.  1,112,755),  the  specifications  naming 
(1)  a  poison  medicinal  tablet,  provided  with  a  cover  contam- 
ing  an  antidote;  (2)  the  same,  with  a  cover  containing  a 
mucilaginous  antidote,  and,  (3)  the  same  provided  with  a 
cover  containing  a  vegetable  antidote. 


PATENTS 


Tooth  Brush 
This  device,  the  invention  of  Edwin  H.  Rodel,  Cumings, 
N.  D.,  (Patent  No.  1,112,561),  is  a  tooth  brush  which  is  the 
combination  with  a  tubular  supporting  member;  of  a  driven 
shaft  rotatably  mounted  therein,  a  gear  mounted  on  said 
shaft;  a  ferrule  mounted  upon  the  terminal  of  the  tubular 
supporting  member  adjacent  to  the  gear  carried  by  the  driven 
shaft;   a  driving  shaft  mounted   for  rotation  in  said  bearings; 

WKT  Copy  of  Patent  or  Trade-Mark  15c.  Trade-Marks  & 
Labels  Registered.  Advice  under  F.&  D.  Acts.  Send  for  Book. 
G.  H.  DAVIS,  918   F  St.,  N.W.,  Washington,  D.C.    (Adv.) 


Granted  September  22,   1914. 
l,in,019-John    E.    Hamilton,    Sm.thton,    Pa      Tooth    brush 
1  111  046-Jacob    A.     Clman.     Baltimore,    Md.,     assignor      by    mesne 
assignments,    to    The    Anglo-American    Patent    Bottle    Co.,    Ltd., 
London,    England.      Non-refillable    bottle.  <;ii,i,l.    hnr 

1,111,082-John    D.    Mulvehill,    Spokane,    Wash.      Non-refillable   bot- 

l,llU36-Benjamin   F.   Copp,   Silver  City,   N.   Mex.     Hygienic  dish, 
for   tooth    powder   or    paste.  v^     i,     M     V 

l.in,144_Harris    Epstein    and    William    Ciler,    New    \ork,    N.    Y. 
Tooth  brush.  ,,  ,,,  -,,   .  ,^    K/^ttl* 

l,in,155-Charles    E.    Inglis,    Maiden,    Mass.      ^^X   llniner 
1,111,228-Arthur   A.    MiLer,    Kapowsin,   Wash.     Bottle    stopper 
1  111  249-Edwin    C.    Courtwright,    Sedam     Kans.     Gasolene  ^y^'""^ 
1  111,259-Wiliiam    F.    Huff,    Long    Beach,    Ca  .,    assignor    of    three^ 
thirty-seconds     to    E.    C.     Newbury,    et    al.        Sanitary      bottle- 

l.llMM^Arthur    C.    Mathewson,    Lisle     N.    Y      Telltale    bottle    . 
LUL&M-John   H.    Castona,    Gulfport,   Miss.     Process   of   extractinr 

turpentine   and   rosin   from   wood. 

Granted  September  29,   1914. 
l,lll,75&-George    J.    Meyer,    Milwaukee,    Wis.      Bottle    rinsing    and 

outside  brushing  conveyer.  ,       _,  .         ,.-,_■     i    _■„., 

1,111,788-Claude    W.    Ewing,    Toledo,    Ohio.      Chemical    mixer. 
1,111,821-Alfred     Bertheim     and     Paul     Karrer,     assignors     to     har- 

werke   vorm.      Meister   Lucius    &    Brunmg,    Hochst-on-the-Main, 

Germany,     Arsenic   antimony   compound  and  process  ot  making 

1.111,922-Charles   A.    Seifert,  Newbern,   N.   C.     Bottle   crate. 
l,lll,97J-Milo  T.    Scholl,   and    Robert  A.    Gillespie,   Pitsburgh,    Pa. 

Device    for    applying    bottle    stoppers.  . 

1  112  067— Gaetano     Impellitteri     and    Antonino      Impellitteri,      New 

York,   N.   Y.     Non-refillable   bottle.  „     .  •         r- 

1  112.155— William    C.    Muench,    assignor    to    Progress    Machine    Co., 

Indianapolis,    Ind.      Bottle    feeding   mechanism.  . 

1,112.180-Charles    W.    Westenfelter,    Springfield,    Ohio.      Dentifrice. 
1,112.211-Ingenuin    Heckenbleikner,    Charlotte     N.    C,    assignor    ta 

Southern    Electro-Chemical    Co.,    New   York,    N.    \.     Method   of 

manufacturing    phosphoric    acid.        ,     _         „      , 
1,112,300-Joseph    C.    Ligeour,    ritzgerald,    Ga.     Bottle   carrier. 
1112  312— Jose   S.   Olica,    Regla-Habana,   Cuba.     Chloroformer. 
1112  359— Irving    S.    Clope,    Wilkinsburg,    Pa.,    assignor    to    Empire 
'     Chemical  Co.,  Atlanta,  Ga.     Process  for  extracting  from  woods- 

their    soluble    contents.  ,  .      .  .      n.- 

1  112  424— Edward     H.     McFarland,     Cincinnati,     Ohio,     assignor 
'     General  Electric  Co.     Apparatus  for  producing  sulfuric  acid. 

Granted  October  6,  1914. 
1,112,488— Uno  A.    Stenman,   Norfolk,   Conn.     Funnel. 
1  112,501— Henrv    E.    Walsh,    Chicago.    111.      Label    holder       ^ 
1  112  ooO— Flor    S.     Pollitt.    Cincinnati,    Ohio.      Vending    device. 
LlRSei- Edwin    H.    Rodell,    Cumings,    N.    D.     Tooth    brush. 
1  112  600— George    J.     Davison,     assignor    of    one-half    to    Moses 
'     Summerfield,    Richmond,    Va.      Cork    extractor. 


to 


J. 


540 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


/.//y/yc 


j.i/i.i-^f 


/,//z.  •t'ri- 


/./n.7iz 


/.//i.r-rY 


/■//s.pjts- 


/./J/-77S 


1,112,722— Max  Scharff,  assignor  to  Xorsk  Hjdro-Elektrisk  Kvales- 
tofaktieselskab.  Christiania,  Norway.  Process  of  effecting 
soiidiiication  of   fluid   nitrate   of   lime. 

1,112,755 — John  A.  Bergstrom,  Passaic,  N.  J.  Poisonous  tablet  and 
antidote. 

1,112,853,  1,112,85'1 — ^James  A.  Singmaster  assignor  to  New  Jersey 
Zinc  Co.,  New  York.  Manufacture  of  zinc  oxid,  and  apparatus 
for  manufacturing   same. 

1,112,8  2 — Otto  Spahr  and  Louis  J.  Strause,  assignor  to  Strause 
Gas  Iron  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.     Bunsen  burner. 

1,112.875— Patrick  J.  Whelan,  Douglas,  Ontario,  Canada.  Cork  ex- 
tractor  and   fastener. 

1.112  893 — John  C.  Clancy,  assignor  of  fifty-one  one-hundredths  to 
Portland  Gold  Mining  Co.,  Colorado  Springs,  Colo.  Making  of 
-■Mkali    cyanogen    compounds. 

1,113,054— Francis    \V.    Sadler,    Norristown,    Pa.      Soluble    brush. 
1.113,096,    1,113,097— Carl    Bosch    and    Wilhelm    Wild      assignors      to 

Badiscne    Anilin    &    Soda    Fabrik,    Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine, 

Cjerraany.     Process   of  producing  hydrogen. 

1.113  119— Frea  \V.  Hoefer,  Lyndhurst,  in.  J.,  assignor  to  Richard 
Meyer,   Hoboken,    N.   J.     Bottle   closure   device. 

Granted  October  13,   1914. 

1,113,291— Perry  S.  Bauer,  assignor  to  Bauer  &  Black,  Chicago,  111. 
Adhesive   plaster   spool. 

1,113,322— Albert   T.    Fletcher,    Boston,   Mass.     Silver  polish. 

1,113.357— Joseph  F.  Lamb,  assignor  to  Landers,  Frary  &  Clark, 
New   Britain,   Conn.     Vacuum   bottle. 

1,113.-165— Peder  T.    Moller,    Seattle,    Wash.     Cork   extractor. 

1,113,476— William    H.    Osmer,    St.    Louis,    Mo.      Dispensing    cabinet. 

1,113,6(M — Claude  B.  Davis  and  Dorset!  A.  Davidson,  assignors  to 
Cork  Extractor  Cor.  of  America,   Richmond,  Va.   Bottle  stopper. 

1,113.648 — Karl  Karlson,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  assignor  of  one-half  to 
George  J.    F.    Wilford,   New   York.   N.   Y.     Funnel. 

1,113.652— Benjamin  F.  Klass,  assignor  of  one-half  to  Joseph  P. 
Ryan,    New    York,    N.    Y.     Non-refillable    bottle. 

1,113,660— Louis    Lerio,    Mobile,    Ala.      Liquid    receptacle. 

1,113,7J3— Ludwig  Taub  and  Hans  J.  Hahl,  Elberfeld,  Germany,  as- 
signors to  Synthetic  Patents  Co.  Inc.,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Acidyl 
derivatives    of    c-ortho-allylortho-benzoic    acids. 

1,113,714 — Louis  Taub  and  George  I'lckewirth,  assignors  to  Farben- 
labriKen  vorm.  Friedr.  Bayer  &  Co.,  Elberfeld,  Germany. 
Substance  isolated  from  the  apocynaceae  and  process  of  pro- 
ducing the   same. 

1,113,742— Rudolf  Berendes  and  Erich  Rietz,  Elberfeld.  Germanv 
assignors  to  Synthetic  Patents  Co.,  Inc.,  New  York,  N.  Y.' 
Magnesium  salts  of  acylated  aromatic  ortho-oxyca'rboxvlic 
acids.  ' 

1,113854,     1,113.855,     1,113,856-Frank     O.       Woodland,       assignor      to 

I  lir'o'^^"°«-'S>     ^'^''r^''^   *^°'    \\'<>''<;es«<='-.   Mass.      Labeling  machine. 

1,113,927— Wallace  .\.  Beatty,  assignor,  by  direct  and  mesne 
assignments,  to  George  W.  Beadle,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Process 
of   manufacturing   acetic    anhydride. 


TRADE-MARKS 


Published  September  22,  1914. 
70,933— Co-operative     Drug    Mfg.     Co..     now     by    change    of    name 
American    Drug    Mfg.    Co.,    Jackson,    Tenn.      Medicated    stock 
food. 


C.     Headache   remedy. 
Cal.      Perfumes. 

Compound    for    restoring 


Md. 


Remedy  for  rheuma- 
Y.       Non-poisonous 


71,781 — Dave  Studebaker,   West   New  York,  N.   Y.     Medicinal   salve. 
79,084,  79,085— Philo  Hay  Specialties  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J.     Medicated 

soap. 
79,267 — Naamlooze        Vennootschap        Koninklijke      Pharmaceutische 

Fabriek   voorheen    Brocades    &   Stheeman,    Meppel,   Netherlands. 

Remedy    for   rheumatism,    neuralgia,   headache,   etc. 
79,658 — David    Bruenn,    New    Orleans,    La.      Antiseptic    powder    for 

venereal   diseases. 
79,844 — Arthur  E.   Vinton,  Muncie,   Ind.     A  laxative  tablet. 
80,144 — Manuel    Arispe,    San    Antonio,    Texas.      Remedy    for    tuber- 
culosis   and    lung   diseases. 
80,303 — Solon    Palmer,    New   York,   N.   Y.     Perfume,   complexion   and 

sachet    powders. 
80,334— J.    B.    Fickelsimer,   Asheville,    N. 
80,361 — Joseph    M.    Eaton,    Los    Angeles, 
80,362 — J.     ll.    Gargaro,    Memphis,    Tenn. 

gray   hair   to   color. 
80,376 — SchwarzenbaCii   Bros.,    Baltimore, 

tism.   neuralgia,  etc. 
80,543 — Thomas    L.    Leeming,    New    Y^ork,    N. 

germicides. 
80,642 — Gervaise    Graham,    Chicago,    111.     A    laxative    preparation    In 

bonbon   form. 
80,648 — Jaynes    Drug    Co.,    Boston,    Mass.      Creams    for    brown-tail- 
moth    itch,    ivy-poisoning,    etc. 
80,650 — Jaynes    Drug   Co.,    Boston,   Mass.     Wafers   and   preparations 

for  nervous   and  sick  headaches. 
80,659 — Jaynes  Drug  Co.,  Boston,  Mass.  Liquid  extracts  and  washes 

for  destroying  head-lice,   crabs,   etc. 
80,/-ij — Olive   C.    Prior,   Middletown,   N.   Y.     Face-cream. 

Published  September  29,  1914. 
75,627— O-Do-Cure    Toilet    Co.,    Chicago,    111.      A    toilet    water. 
78,4  6— Thomas    £.    Dockrell,    New    York,   N.   Y'.     A  pharmacetuticat 

preparation   used   as   a   tonic. 
78,945 — Joseph    R.   Hite,   Pittsburgh,   Pa.     Emulsion  of  cod-liver  and 

hypophosphites,    etc. 
79,297— George   H.    Kress,   Hartford,   Conn.     Remedy    for   croup,    sore 

throat,    etc. 
79,722 — George  W.   Ramsey  &  Sons,   Speers  Ferry,  Va.     Remedy   for 

membranous   croup,   hives,    etc. 
79,991 — Regents    Mercantile    Corp.,     St.     Louis,    Mo.        Pastes      and 

powders   for  beautifying   and   preserving  the   teeth   and   skin. 
80,380 — Lemuel  A.   Carter,   Bunnell,   Fla.     Remedy  for  colic,   cramps, 

etc. 
80,540— Wyattenbach     Bros.     Co.,     Evansville.     Ind.         Remedy      for 

rheumatism,    etc. 
80,647— Jaynes    Drug    Co.,    Boston,    Mass.      Remedy    for    bronchitis, 

pulmonary    diseases,    etc. 
80.651 — Jaynes    Drug   Co.,    Boston,    Mass.     Foot   powders. 
80.653— Jaynes    Drug    Co.,    Boston,    Mass.      Laxatives. 
80,/ Jl— Charles    H.      Holtzman,      Baltimore,      Md.       Remedies 

venereal   diseases. 
80,709— The     Reese    Chemical     Co..    Cleveland,    Ohio.      Tablets 

purifying    and    nourishing    the    blood. 
80,725 — Herson    Chemical    Co.,   Gary,    Ind.     Tooth   paste. 

Published  October  6,  1914. 

61,484 — Richard  Hudnut,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Cold  creams  and  nail 
polish. 

71,091— Richard  K  Maguire,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Remedy  for  head- 
ache,  constipation,    etc. 


for 
for 


No\t:mbee.  191-1] 


THE    PHARMACEUTICAL    ERA 


541 


THE  DEUG  MARKETS 


STOCKS  ACCUMULATE  IN  "WAREHOUSES 


Some    Drugs   Intended   for   Europe    Deflected   to   This 
Market — Number  of   Declines  Preponderate 


See  pages  27  to  41   for  Prices  Current. 
Ch.\nges  Since  Last  Report. 

A — .\cacia,    Sorts    lb.  .25 

Sorts,   Sifted    lb.  .30 

A — Acetphenetidine   lb.  1.40 

D— .\cid,   Carbolic,   Crystal,   bulk lb.  .42 

1-lb.   bots lb.  .53 

Crude,    10-95%    gal.  .60 

D — .\cid,   Citric,   Crj-stal,  Kegs lb. 

Less    lb.  .83 

A — .\cid,  Lactic,  Cone lb.  .90 

D— Acid,    O.xaiic    lb.  .22 

Powdered     lb.  .30 

r>— Acid,  Picric   lb.  .90 

D— Acid,  Pyrogallic,  %,  Yi  and  1-lb.  cans.lb.  2.40 

D — .Acid,  Salicylic,   1-lb.  cartons lb.  1.40 

from   Gaultheria    oz.  .30 

D — Acid,    Tartaric,    crystal lb.  .68 

Powdered   lb.  .71 

A — Aconite  Root,   German lb.  .40 

Powdered    lb.  .46 

D — .\gar  ."^gar   lb.  .60 

A— Alcohol   (Cologne  spirit) U.S.P.,bbls..  .gal. 

Less gal.  2.90 

Commercial,  95%,   U.S.P.  bbls...gal 

Less    gal.  2.90 

Denatured,   bbls.  and  ^-bbls. . .  .gal.  .38 

Methvlic    (Wood),   bbls gal.  .55 

D— Alkanet   Root    lb.  .30 

D — .\loes,  Barbadoes,   True   lb.  1 .35 

Powdered   lb.  1.50 

A — .-Mum,  Ground,  bbls.  or  less lb.  .05 

Powdered,  bbls.  or  less lb.  .06 

A — Ammoniac,  Gum,  tears lb.  .35 

A — .Ammonium  Muriate    lb.  .17 

C.  P.   Gran lb.  .24 

Powdered   lb.  .20 

A — Angelica   Root,   Foreign    lb.  .40 

Seed    lb.  .35 

D — .Arnica  Flowers   lb.  .25 

Powdered    lb.  .31 

D— .Asafetida,    Good,    Fair lb.  .60 

Powdered   lb.  .90 

D— Balsam   Fir.    Canad lb.  1.25 

Oregon    lb.  .20 

D — Balsam   Fir,   Canada    lb.  1.25 

A — Belladonna  Root,  German,  Powdered,  .lb.  1.35 

D — Benzosol,  1  oz.  vials oz.  .60 

D— Buds,   Balm  of  Gilead lb.  .35 

D— Cacao  Butter,  Bulk lb.  .34 

Dutch    lb.  .36 

D— Caffeine,    Pure    lb.  6.00 

A— Calamus   Root,    Peeled lb.  .22 

Powdered   lb.  .27 

White,  Peeled  and  Split lb.  .55 

A — Calendula   Flowers    lb.  1.25 

D— Camphor,  Refined   ( bbls. ) lb.  .75 

y^-\h.    squares    lb.  .78 

Powdered     lb.  .90 

Japanese,   ozs lb.  .85 

D — Canary  Seed,   Smyrna    lb.  .12 

A— Cannabis   Indica   Herb lb.  2.10 

D — Cantharides,    Russian,    Sifted lb.  6.50 

Powdered     lb.  6.90 

D — Cardamom   Seed,   Decorticated    lb.  1.50 

Powdered   lb.  1.65 

D — Cinnamon,    Saigon,   Thin,    Select lb.  .45 

Powdered    lb.  .55 

D— Celery    Seed    lb.  .30 

A — Ceresin.   white    lb.  .25 


.27 

.34 

1.50 

.50 

.58 

1.00 

.73 

.90 

1.10 

.25 

.35 

.95 

2.60 

1.45 

.35 

.78 

.81 

.50 

.56 

.70 

2. SO 

3.10 

2.70 

3.04 

.42 

.60 

.35 

1.45 

1.60 

.06 

.08 

.40 

.20 

.28 

.23 

.75 

.40 

.30 

.35 

.80 

1.00 

1.35 

.25 

1.35 

1.45 

.65 

.40 

.38 

■  .40 
6.25 

.24 

.31 

.75 

1.50 

.85 

.88 

1.00 

1.00 

.14 

2.30 

6.75 

7.20 

1.60 

1.75 

.60 

■  .65 
•    .35 

■  .30 


.A — Coca   Leaves    lb.  .55  —     .60 

A — Colchicum  Root   lb.  .35  —    .40 

Powdered   lb.  .45  —     .50 

Seed    lb.  1.10  —1.20 

Powdered     lb.  1.15  —1.25 

.A— Coloc%-nth.   Select    lb.  .50  —    .60 

Pulp    lb.  .75  —     .80 

D — Copaiba,   South   .American    lb.  .60  —     .70 

Para    lb.  .65  —    .75 

D— Copper  Sulphate    (Blue  Vitriol) lb.  .08  —    .10 

Barrels    lb.  .05i/<—    .06 

D— Coriander   lb.  .11  —    .15 

Powdered    lb.  .17  —     .21 

D— Coumarin   oz.  .60  —    .65 

D— Cream  Tartar   lb.  .50  —    .55 

A— Cudbear    lb.  .35  —    .45 

D— Dandelion  Root    lb.  .45  —    .50 

Cut    lb.  .50  —    .55 

D— Dog  Grass,  Cut   lb.  .35  —    .39 

A— Dragon's   Blood,   Powdered lb.  .65  —    .90 

D—                Reeds    lb.  1.00  —1.10 

A— Elm  Bark,  Select    lb.  .28  —    .32 

Ground,  Pure   lb.  .22  —     .32 

Powdered,  Pure   lb.  .23  —    .33 

0_Ergot,  Russian   lb.  1.60  —  1.70 

Powdered    lb.  1.75  —  1.85 

D— Gamboge,    Blocky     lb.  .90  —1.00 

Select  Pipe    lb.  .90  —  1.00 

.A— Glycerin    lb.  .35  —    .40 

.A— Grains   of   Paradise lb.  .40  —     .50 

Powdered     lb.  .46  —     .56 

D—Guaiac,  Resin   lb.  .30  —    .35 

Powdered     lb.  .40  —     .45 

D— Guarana  (Paullinia)    lb.  2.50  —2.75 

Powdered     lb.  2.75  —  3.00 

D— Ipecac  Root,   Carthagena    lb.  1.75  —1.90 

Powdered     lb.  1.90  —2.00 

Rio        lb.  2.25  —2.40 

Powdered     lb.  2.45  —2.60 

D— Juniper   Berries    lb.  .20  —     .23 

.A— Kamala,    Purified    lb.  1.75  —2.00 

D — Lavender   Flowers    lb.  .30  —     .45 

D— Lead    Nitrate    lb.  -20  —     .25 

D— Lupulin     lb.  2.50  —2.60 

A— Malva  Flowers,  Large   lb.  .45  —     .65 

Blue    lb.  .40  —     .60 

A— Matico   Leaves    ' lb.  1.30  —1.45 

D— Menthol,    Crystal    lb.  3.25  —  3.50 

D-Mercury    lb.  .90  —  1.00 

.\— Naphthalene    Balls    lb.  .05  —    .09 

D— Nutgalls    lb-  -30  —     .36 

Powdered   lb.  .38  —    .42 

.A— Nux  Vomica    lb.  .12  —    .14 

D— Oil   Almond,    Sweet,   Pure lb.  1.00  —1.10 

D— Oil   Benne    (Sesame)    bbls gal.  .95  —1.05 

.A— Oil  Birch,   Black    (Betula) lb.  2.00  —2.25 

D— Oil  Bergamot    lb.  5.40  —5.60 

.A— Oil  Cajuput,   bottles    lb.  1.10  —1.20 

D— Oil  Cloves   lb.  1.50  —  1.75 

D— Oil   Cod  Liver,   Norwegian    gal.  .90  —  1.00 

Barrels   ea.  21.00  —23.00 

^2-Barrels    ea.  11.50  —12.50 

.A— Oil  Fennel  Seed,  Pure lb.  2.80  —3.00 

.A — Oil   Geranium,   Rose,   natural lb.  7.00  —7.75 

D— Haarlem    Oil,    Dutch gross  3.40  —  3.60 

D— Oil   Hemlock,   20-lb.   cans  or   less lb.  .60  —     .80 

.A— Oil   Juniper  wood    lb.  .45  —     .55 

D— Oil    Lemon    lb.  2.00  —2.15 

D— Oil   Lemongrass    lb.  1.'5  —1.90 

D— Oil    JIustard,    Artificial lb.  3.75  —4.00 

A— Oil    Nutmeg    lb.  1-25  —1.35 

A— Oil   Olive,   Lucca lb.  3.25  —3.50 

D— Oil   Orange,    Sweet lb.  2.10  —2.25 

.A— Oil  Paraffin    gal.  40  —     .50 

D— Oil    Pennyroyal     lb.  185  —2.00 


542 


THE    PHARi\L\CEUTICAL    ERA 


[November,  1914 


D— Oil  Peppermint,   New  York lb.  2.10 

Hotchkiss     lb.  3.50 

Western    lb.  2.00 

A — Oil  Rose,  Kissanlik    oz.  IS.OO 

D— Oil  Tansv    lb.  4.00 

D— Oil   Thyme.   White    lb.  2.40 

D — Oil  Wintergreen,  Synthetic   lb.  1.25 

D — Oil  Wormwood,   American,   Good lb.  3.50 

D — Orris,   Florentine    lb.  .27 

D— Poppy  Seed,   Blue    (Maw) lb.  .16 

D — Potassium  Bitartrate   (Refined)   Cream 

Tart lb.  .55 

A — Potassium    Carbonate    (Pearlash) lb.  .20 

Refined   (Sal.  Tartar)    lb.  .25 

A — Potassium  Chlorate    lb.  .24 

Powdered     lb.  .28 

A — Potassium   Citrate    lb.  .80 

A — Potassium   Nitrate    lb.  .10 

Powdered     lb.  .11 

D — Potassium    Permanganate    lb.  .52 

Pure   Powdered    lb.  .60 

A — Potassium  Prussiate,   Red    lb. 

Yellow    lb.  .40 

D— Pricklv   .\sh   Berries   lb.  .28 

D— Quince  Seed    lb.  1.00 

D— Rcsorcin,   White,   Pure    lb.  1.30 

A— Rose   Leaves.   Rod    lb.  2.70 

D — Saffron,   American    (Safflower)    lb.  .50 

D — Saffron,  Spanish,  True  Valencia lb.  15.00 

D— Salicin   lb.  5.50 

D— Salol    lb.  1.40 

D — Sandarac,  Gum,  Clean   lb.  .33 

D — Santonin     ' oz.  3.75 

D — Sarsaparilla   Root,   Honduras,   cut lb.  .65 

Mexican,    cut    lb.  .27 

Powdered   lb.  .37 

D— Senega  Root    lb.  .68 

Powdered     lb.  .76 

A — Senna  Leaves.   .-Vlexandria    lb.  .40 

D — Sodium  Benzoate   lb.  1.60 

D — Sodium   HvDophosphite    lb.  .90 

D— Snake  Root,"  Canada    lb.  .40 

Powdered     lb.  .45 

D— Storax,   Liquid    lb.  .34 

D — Tamarinds    kegs  3.00 

A — Tartar    Emetic    lb.  .40 

D— Thvraol    lb.  9.50 

'  Iodide,  U.  S.  P lb.  7.00 

D — Tragacanth,   Aleppo,   extra    lb.  2.75 

Xo   1    lb.  2.25 

A — Valerian  Root,  German    lb.  .35 

Powdered     lb.  .40 

D— Wax,   Bees,   Yellow    lb.  .35 

Japan   ^ lb.  .22 

A— Zinc   Oxide.   American,   U.   S.   P lb.  .28 

NOTE — A,    advanced;    D,    declined;    C,    correction; 


—  2.20 

—  3.75 

—  2.10 
—16.00 

—  4.20 

—  2.50 

—  1.40 

—  4.00 

—  .33 

—  .20 

—  .60 

—  .24 

—  .30 

—  .31 

—  .33 

—  .85 

—  .14 

—  .15 

—  .58 

—  .75 

—  1.00 

—  .42 

—  .35 

—  1.25 

—  1.40 

—  2.80 

—  .60 
—16.00 

—  6.00 

—  1.50 

—  .38 

—  4.00 

—  .70 

—  .30 

—  .42 

—  .75 

—  .84 

—  .60 

—  1.70 

—  1.10 

—  .60 

—  .55 

—  .38 

—  3.25 

—  .50 
—10.00 

—  7.50 

—  3.00 

—  2.40 

—  .40 

—  .45 

—  .40 

—  .27 

—  .31 
N,  new. 


NEW  YORK,  Oct.  22.— .\  study  of  the  market  reports  for 
the  past  fortnight  shows  that  there  has  been  a  gradual 
recession  of  prices  for  many  articles  which,  a  month 
ago,  were  either  demanding  fabulous  prices  or  were  practically 
unobtainable.  Purchases,  however,  have  been  largely  re- 
stricted to  current  requirements,  and  this  lack  of  demand, 
together  with  the  fact  that  considerable  supplies  have  accumu- 
lated in  warehouses  here,  have  also  deve'oped  price  shading 
on  the  part  of  competing  dealers  in  an  effort  to  stimulate 
business.  With  few  exceptions,  all  commodities  are  lower  in 
price  than  they  were  shortly  after  the  opening  of  the  European 
war.  but  nearly  all  are  higher  than  they  were  before  hostilities 
began.  Good  quantities  of  most  supplies  are  now  coming 
forward,  and  but  few  shortages  are  anticipated.  .-Vmong  the 
more  important  advances  noted  are  those  for  acacia  sorts, 
alcohol,  barium  nitrate,  calendula  flowers,  rose  leaves,  red, 
oil  of  rose  Kissanlik,  naphthalene  balls,  colocynth,  colchicum, 
elm  bark,  all  forms,  malva  flowers,  German  aconite,  bella- 
donna, and  valerian,  and  concentrated  lactic  acid.  Among  the 
more  important  declines  are  carbolic  acid,  picric,  pyrogallic 
and  salicylic  acids,  cacao  butter,  caffeine,  guarana,  ipecac, 
menthol,  salicin,  salol,  santonin  and  many  of  the  essential  oils, 
particularly  the  Messina  essences.  Potassium  permanganate 
is  considerably  lower,  the  only  potash  salt  indicating  a  lower 
trend   in   value.     Opium,   morphine,   quinine,   and  the   most   of 


the  regular  staples  are  stationary,  so  far  as  quotations  ap- 
pear, cod  liver  oil  being  an  exception.  The  situation  may  be 
summed  up  in  the  statement  that  the  absence  of  any  buying 
demand  is  the  cliief  cause  of  the  sagging  of  prices  which  has 
characterized  the  market  since  our  last  report. 

Opium. — Xew  arrivals  of  gum  have  been  received  from  Greek 
and  Italian  ports  by  way  of  England  and  these  have  tended 
to  case  the  prices  somewhat.  However,  jobbers'  quotations  re- 
main unchanged  at  $ll(n$13  for  natural,  $12.50@$14.50  for 
granulated,  and  $12.40(ffS14.40  for  U.S. P.  powdered,  .\ccord- 
ing  to  government  statistics,  tlie  imports  for  the  eight  months 
of  the  year  ending  August  were  258,704  pounds,  valued  at  ?1,- 
141,132,  as  against  401.030  pounds,  valued  at  $1,814,314  for 
the  corresponding  period  of  the  preceding  year.  It  is  said  that 
huge  quantities  of  Indian  and  Persian  gum  are  held  in  Eng- 
land, whence  all  shipments  to  the  United  States  are  coming. 

QlTrxrxE. — The  market  still  continues  firm  at  31c  per 
ounce  in  100-ounce  tins,  with  a  belief  that  domestic  manu- 
facturers will  soon  advance  their  prices.  There  is  some  de- 
mand for  export,  and  it  is  believed  that  this  is  an  article  that 
is  badly  needed  by  the  warring  nations.  At  the  recent  auction 
sale  held  in  .\msterdam,  all  of  the  50,000  ounces  of  salts  of 
British  Pharmacopoeial  quality  offered  were  taken  at  the  av- 
erage price  of  21J^2  florins. 

Cod  Liver  On.. — Under  keen  competition  and  absence  of 
demand,  dealers  have  reduced  prices  and  are  now  quoting  90c 
@$1  per  gallon;  in  barrels,  $21@$23  each;  half-barrels,  $11.50 
@$12.50. 

Glycerin. — There  is  some  inquiry  with  quotations  ranging 
from  35@40c  per  pound.  Shipments  from  South  America 
have  been  received  in  this  market  which  under  normal  condi- 
ditions  would  have  gone  to  London,  but  on  account  of  the 
war  were  deflected  here. 

C.4CA.0  Butter. — Is  slightly  easier  and  prices  have  been 
marked  down  to  34@38c  per  pound  in  bulk,  and  36@40c  for 
Dutch. 

Mexthol. — Keen  competition  has  caused  a  recession  in 
dealers'  quotations  and  $3.25@$3.S0  per  pound  is  asked  for 
crystal.  It  is  reported  that  the  October-November  crop  in  the 
country  o'  production  has  been  contracted  for. 

S.\10L. — Following  the  recent  decline  in  the  price  of  phenol, 
domestic  manufacturers  have  lowered  their  prices,  and  jobbers 
now  quote  $1.40@$1,50  per  pound. 

S.VLicix. — The  arrival  of  liberal  supplies  has  eased  the  situ- 
ation materially,  and  the  article  is  now  obtainable  at  $5.50(g. 
$6  per  pound. 

Saxtonix. — This  article  shows  a  decline,  jobbers  quoting 
$3.75(ff$4  per  ounce. 

C.-VRBOLic  Acid. — Last  month's  quotations  have  been  consid- 
erably shaded,  the  belief  existing  that  domestic  manufacturers 
will  be  able  to  provide  sufficient  supplies  to  meet  any  prob- 
able demand.  For  crystal  in  bulk  the  prevailing  quotations  are 
42@50c  per  pound;  in  1-lb.  bottles,  53@58c;  crude,  10  to  95 
per  cent.,   60c@  $1   per  gallon. 

Citric  .\cid. — Recent  heavy  arrivals  of  this  acid  and  citrate 
of  lime  from  Italy  and  the  West  Indies  have  tended  to  ease 
the  market,  manufacturers,  however,  still  continue  to  distrib- 
ute their  stock  sparingly.  Prevailing  jobbers'  quotations  are 
73c  per  pound  in  kegs,   and  83@90c  for  less. 

Ipec.\c. — With  the  arrival  of  fresh  supplies,  and  under  lim- 
ited demand,  all  grades  are  lower,  the  following  prices  being 
asked:  Carthagena,  S1.75(a;$1.90:  powdered,  S1.90@$2;  Rio, 
$2.25@$2.40;   powdered.   S2.45(S:$2.60. 

Guarana. — ^Has  declined  to  S2.50@$2.75  per  poimd  for 
whole,  and  $2. 75 (a S3  for  powdered. 

C.\NTHARTDES. — More  liberal  supplies  are  in  evidence  and 
holders  have  reduced  their  quotations  to  $6.50@S6.75  per 
pound  for  Russian  sifted,  and  S6.90@$7.20  for  powdered. 

Cop.\iB.\. — South  .American,  owing  to  recent  arrivals  from 
the  country  of  production,  has  been  reduced  and  is  now  ob- 
tainable at  60(3)  70c  per  pound.  Para  is  also  lower  and  quoted 
at  65@70c. 

Potassium  Permangan.\te. — Leading  domestic  manufactur- 
ers have  reduced  their  prices,  and  the  salt  is  now  quoted  at 
52@58c  per  pound  and  60(g75c  for  pure  powdered. 

."Vlcohol. — Fol'owing  the  recent  advance  made  by  distillers 
of  grain  alcohol  all  grades  have  been  marked  up,  the  following 
quotations  prevail'ng:  Cologne  spirit,  U.S. P.  barrels,  per  gal., 
S2.S0;  less.  ?2.90(S$3.10:  Commercial  95Vc  U.S.P.,  barrels, 
per  gal.,  $2.70:  less  $2.90@S3.04:  denatured,  barrels  and  J^- 
barrels,  per  gal.,  3S(aA2c.  Metliylic  (wood)  a'cohol  is  also 
slightly  higher,  55@60c  per  gal.  being  asked. 


November,  1914] 


THE    PHAEMACEUTICAL    ERA 


543 


Messika  Essences. — The  deflection  of  supplies  to  this  mar- 
ket, owing  to  the  closing  of  European  ports  by  the  war,  has 
not  been  without  effect  upon  prices,  as  the  following  quota- 
tions will  show:  Bergamot,  $5.40@S3.60  per  pound;  lemon, 
S2.00@$2.15;  sweet  orange,  S2.10@$2.25.  It  is  believed  that 
the  absence  of  consuming  demand  in  Europe  may  cause  a 
still  lower  price. 

On.  Peppermixt. — The  market  is  depressed  owing  to  the 
unusually  large  production  of  this  year's  crop  and  the  absence 
of  a  consuming  demand  in  Europe.  Jobbers  are  quoting  $2.10 
@$2.20  for  New  York,  S3.50@$3.75  for  Hotchkiss,  and  $2@ 
$2.10  for  Western. 

On,  Pexxyrotal. — This  is  also  lower,  $1.85@$2  per  pound 
being  asked. 

On,  H.\AM.EM. — Quotations  are  slightly  lower  than  those  of 
last  month,  $3.40@$3.60  being  asked  for  Dutch.  At  the  same 
time,  raw  materials  have  advanced,  and  this  is  reflected  in  an 
increase  in  prices  in  the  Holland  markets.  The  demand  here 
is  reported  to  be  light  and  spasmodic. 

Ergot. — Russian  is  in  better  supply  and  lower,  whole  be- 
ing quoted  at  S1.60@S1.70  per  pound  by  most  dealers,  and 
powdered,  $1.75@$1.8S.' 

D.\NDELiox  Root. — German  is  in  better  supply,  and  in  the 
lack  of  demand,  has  declined  to  45@50c  per  pound  for  whole, 
and  50@5Sc  for  cut. 

Canary  Seed. — Augmented  stocks  of  all  varieties  have 
caused  dealers  to  revise  prices,  and  Smyrna  is  now  obtainable 
at  12@14c  per  pound. 

COVMASIS. — Increased  stocks  of  this  article  are  also  in  evi- 
dence, and  holders  have  shaded  to  60@65c  per  ounce. 

Tartaric  Acid. — The  demand  is  light  and  quotations  have 
declined  to  68@78c  for  crystal,  and  71@81c  for  powdered. 
Potassium  bitartrate  (cream  tartar)  is  also  lower,  55@60c  per 
pound  being  asked. 

Salicylic  Acid. — ^In  s\-rapathy  with  the  decline  in  the  price 
of  carbolic  acid,  quotations  for  this  article  have  declined  to 
$1.40@S1.45  for  1-lb.  cartons.  Acid  from  gaultheria  is  quoted 
at  30@35c  per  ovmce. 

Thymol. — Is  lower,  S9.50@S10  per  pound  being  quoted.  It 
is  reported  that  Great  Britain  will  start  extensive  manufacture 
of  this  substance  taking  herself  the  output  of  ajowan  seed  of 
India,  which  heretofore  has  been  taken  by  Germany. 

PoT..kSSHrM  Chlorate. — In  common  with  other  potash  salts 
the  chlorate  has  advanced  in  price,  24@31c  per  potuid  being 
asked  for  crystal,  and  28@33c  for  powdered. 


TTses  of  American  Petrolax 
Editor  The  Phakmaceutical  Era: 

We  wish  to  contradict  the  assertion  that  the  American 
Petrolax  made  from  Pennsylvania  paraffin  oil  is  poisonous.  It 
has  been  used  by  men,  women  and  children  for  years  for 
lubricating  the  intestinal  tract  thus  protecting  the  patient 
against  disease,  stimulating  peristalsis  and  encouraging  nor- 
mal activity  of  the  bowels.  We  guarantee  our  Petrolax  to  be 
free  from  acid  or  any  foreign  substance.  We  can  supply  it 
by  the  barrel  or  gallon  as  the  customer  may  desire. 

The  writer  has  been  an  oil  producer  since  1863,  and  he 
knows  thousands  of  people  who  are  using  the  oil  as  a 
medicine.  In  cases  of  appendicitis  it  has  been  successfully 
used  as  an  enema.  Our  physicians  in  the  oil  regions  prescribe 
it  for  chronic  constipation  and  get  results.  Cases  of  dandruff 
are  immediately  cured  by  our  crude  oil.  The  oil  was  found 
in  the  possession  of  the  Indians  when  our  armies  came  through 
the  wilderness  to  the  Great  Lakes  in  1776,  and  was  used  by 
them  for  rheumatism.  The  claim  of  dealers  that  our  paraffin 
oil  is  poisonous  is  absurd. 

A'ery  truly  yours, 

AilBER  OIL  &  REALTY   CO., 

P.  O.  Box  914,  Warren,  Pa. 


Nev-A-Hone  Strop  Stops  Honing'  and  Blade  Expense 
Much  has  been  written  on  razors  and  the  mechanics  of 
keeping  them  properly  sharpened.  In  the  advertising  _  pages 
of  this  issue  of  the  Er-A.  the  manufacturers  call  attention  to 
their  celebrated  Xev-A-Hone  Razor  Strop  which  they  state 
stops  honing  and  blade  expense.  They  also  call  attention  to 
their  Nev-.\-Hone  Razors,  which  are  made  in  the  U.  S.  from 
the  finest  quality  of  Sheffield  steel  and  fully  guaranteed.  These 
specialties  are  offered  to  the  trade  at  a  price  which  affords 
100  per  cent,  profit.  See  the  Nev-A-Hone  Razor  Strop  Co.'s 
advertisement  for  full  particulars. 


Norwich  Pharmacal  Co.  Protected. 

The  Norwich  (N.  Y.)  Pharmacal  Company,  which  manu- 
factures aspirin  tablets,  for  some  time  has  been  annoyed  by 
imitators  of  its  goods.  The  United  States  District  Court  for 
the  western  district  of  Kentucky  has  just  handed  down  a  de- 
cision which  permanently  enjoins  the  Krieger  Drug  Company 
of  Louisville,  Ky.,  from  using  any  "name  or  names,  label, 
letter  press,  devices  or  arrangement  thereof  identical  with 
those  employed  by  the  Norwich  Company.  The  costs  of  the 
•action  must  be  paid  by  the  Krieger  Company. 

Shortly  after  the  outbreak  of  the  European  war,  which 
marked  a  sudden  and  violent  increase  in  the  price  of  aspirin, 
the  Norwich  concern  became  aware  that  its  goods  were  being 
imitated.  Investigation  disclosed  the  fact  that  the  Krieger 
Company,  was  merchandising  an  article  bearing  the  printed 
name  ".\cetopyrJne,"  which  was  compressed  into  five  grain 
tablets,  put  up  in  bottles  of  1000  and  bore  photographic  re- 
production of  labels  used  by  the  Norwich  company. 

The  Krieger  people  offered  no  defense,  agreed  to  take  up  all 
of  the  imitated  goods  and  make  restitution  to  innocent  pur- 
chasers.    The  imitations  sold  at  about  half  price. 

The  Norwich  firm  also  has  begun  action  in  the  Supreme 
Court  of  Chenango  County  (N.  Y.)  to  protect  its  interests 
against  the  Drug  Products  Company,  alleging  unfair  competi- 
tion in  trade. 


Ormont  Famous  Camplior  Ice 

Of  the  remedies  employed  at  this  time  of  the  year  for 
chapped  hands,  roughened  skin,  etc.,  there  is  none,  perhaps, 
that    is    productive    of    better    results    than    camphor    ice.      A 

specialty  of  this 
kind  offered  to 
the  trade,  and 
claimed  by  the 
manufacturers  to 
be  the  only  pure 
white  product  of  this  character,  is  Ormont  Famous  Camphor 
Ice,  made  bv  the  Ormont  Chemical  Co.,  and  advertised 
elsewhere  in  this  issue  of  the  Er.^.  It  has  been  on  the  mar- 
ket for  more  than  ten  years  and  is  put  up  in  most  convenient 
form — either  flat  or  in  tubes — for  the  user,  at  prices  which 
afford  a  most  satisfactory  profit.  See  advertisement  for  par- 
ticulars and  write  to  the  manufacturers  for  special  offer. 


Norwich  Display  Fixtures 

The  Norwich  Nickel  S:  Brass  Co.,  of  Norwich,  Conn.,  have 
sent  us  a  copy  of  its  new  catalog  of  display  fi.xtures — a  hand- 
some book  of  some  400  pages  containing  fixtures  of  all  classes 
of  merchandise  from  adjustable  mirrors  to  wmdow  reachers. 

In  these  davs  of  keen  competition  the  proper  display  of 
goods  is  a  subject  that  interests  every  live  merchant.  The 
Norwich  Co.  is  probably  the  largest  manufacturer  of  these 
goods,  and  it  makes  a  great  many  articles  that  are  very  useful 
to  druggists.  Aside  from  the  description  of  the  fixtures  them- 
selves, one  can  get  through  a  study  of  this  catalog  a  lot  of 
good  ideas  for  the  display  of  his  goods  and  we  strongly  rec- 
ommend every  druggist  to  send  for  a  copy,  which  we  believe 
they  will  do  if  you  mention  the  Era. 


Ohio  F.  &  D.  Department's  Display 
A  drug  display  of  considerable  value,  from  an  educational 
standpoint,  was  included  in  the  exhibit  of  the  Ohio  Food  and 
Drug  Department  at  the  fall  festival  held  at  Wilmmgton,  O., 
recently.  Among  the  items  shown  were  samples  showing  the 
difference  between  adulterated  and  unadulterated  articles;  mat- 
ters of  information  regarding  the  administration  of  the  Ohio 
food  and  drugs  law,  and  Uie  law  regarding  weights  and  meas- 
ures; packages  and  labels  with  analyses  of  fake,  pure  and  im- 
pure drugs  and  patent  medicines;  and,  perhaps  the  most  inter- 
esting of  all,  a  special  display  of  the  various  utensils  used  in 
preparing  and  smoking  opium,  as  well  as  cocaine  and  morphine 
syringes,  and  samples  of  the  narcotics  generally  used  by  drug 
fiends. 


Imitation  Essence  of  Maple 

Oil  of  juniper   ■• ••     1  dram 

Burnt  sugar   2  ounces 

Rectified  spirit    3  ounces 

Mix. 


oU 


THE    PHARIVIACEUTICAL   ERA 


[November,  1914 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


Seattle  Girl  Wins  W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  Prize 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy  is  a  systematic  home-study  course, 
designed  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar* 
macy,  and  intended  especially  for  young  men  and  women  who 
cannot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  5S  Lec- 
tures: it  can  be  completed  in  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  the 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plete  Prospectus  can   be  had   by   addressing 

Director   Era   Course   in   Pharmacy, 

CO  D.  O.  HAVNES  &■  CO., 

No.   3   Park   Place,   New   York. 


HOW  A  MICHIGAN  LAD  CLIMBED  THE  LADDER 


John  Vander  Werf 


.\.s  an  example  of  what  grit  and  determination  can  do  for  a 
young    man    who    has    no   resources    except    these    qualities    to 
put  him  through  the  battles  of  life,  we  are  glad  to  present  to 
other    aspiring    young    men    in    the    pharmaceutical    world    the 
photograph  of  Mr.  John  \"ander  Werf,  of  Holland,  !Mich.,  who 
graduated    from    the    Kr.\    Course    in 
1     Pharmacy  on  Oct.  5,   1914.     Jlr.  Van- 
der  Werf   entered   the   Course   in   April, 
1913,  at  the  age  of  18,  and  immediately 
gave   evidence   of   jeing   far   above   the 
average  student,   judging   from   the   ex- 
cellence  of   his  recitation   papers.     His 
clearness     and     originality     of     thought 
proved    his    thorough    knowledge    of    all 
the   subjects    he   studied,    and    his    final 
average  was  97  per  cent. 

While  we  have  not  had  the  pleasure 
of  knowing  him  personally,  save  tlirough 
his  letters,  the  DePree  Chemical  Co.,  of 

I     Hr"-'nd,    Mich.,    in    whose   employ   Mr. 

A'ander  Werf,  has  been  for  about  six 
years,  is  entitled  to  speak  from  their 
own  experience  of  him  as  a  student  and 
worker,  and  this  firm  expresses  its  opinion  in  no  uncertain 
manner,  as  the  following  letter  shows: 
"The  Er.\  Course  in  Pharmacy, 

"One  of  our  employees,  Mr.  John  ^*ander  Werf,  has  asked 
me  to  give  you  such  information  as  you  might  want  regard- 
ing him  for  the  story  you  propose  to  publish,  and  I  am  glad 
to  say  that  you  have  here  a  real  subject  for  a  story. 

"This  lad  came  to  this  company  some  six  years  ago,  an 
orphan,  without  friends,  and  started  in  as  an  errand  boy, 
and  then  doing  menial  labor  around  the  plant.  He  was  so 
attentive  to  his  duties,  so  loyal,  and  so  thorough,  and  seemed 
to  have  such  endless  ambition,  that  he  has  forged  ahead  of 
dozens  and  dozens  of  employees  that  had  been  with  this  com- 
pany longer  than  he  had,  and  to-day  is  holding  a  responsible 
position  as  an  assistant  manufacturing  pharmacists  in  our  San- 
Tox  laboratories.  He  is  another  example  of  what  young  men 
without  education,  without  money,  and  without  friends,  can 
do  if  they  but  have  that  indefinable  something  that  drives  them 
to  success. 

"Yours  very  truly, 

"Con  DePree,  General  Mgr., 
THE  DEPREE  CHEMICAL  COMPANY, 
"Holland,  Mich.,  Oct.  10th,  1914." 


Matriculation     Graduates  to   Oct.   23,    1914.      Graduating 
Number.  Average. 

7846— John  Vander  Werf,  Holland,  Mich 97 

7852— Thomas   J.   Kelly,    Baltimore.   Md 90 

8110— William   E.    Dean,   Ludlow,   Ky 94 

8120— Frank  N.  Tuttle,  Terre  Haute,  Ind 93 

8174 — W.  C.  Lawrence,  M.D.,  Montgomery,  W.Va,  92 

8223 — Philomene  Lacouture,   Fall  River,  Mass 87 

8227— Henry  A.   Jockel,   Baltimore,   Md 92 

8318— M.   H.   Galloway,    Portland,   Tenn 99 

8336— Harry  Hagenbuch,  Mauch  Chunk,  Pa 95 


The  steamship  Ruby,  under  American  registry,  arrived  in 
Baltimore  on  Oct.  21,  bringing  in  what  is  believed  to  be  the 
largest  cargo  of  cork  ever  imported.  The  consignment  con- 
sisted of  1,098,360,000  cork  discs,  the  duty  amounting  to 
$114,412. 


Ml.'^S  Frances  Edith  Hindman,  of  the  University  of 
Washington  College  of  Pharmacy  of  Seattle,  Wash- 
ington, was  awarded  the  1914  Ten  Dollar  Gold 
Prize  offered  by  the  W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  to  the  young  woman 
graduate     registering     the     highest     standing     throughout     her 

course  and  in  her  final  exam- 
inations, in  the  United  States. 
Only  those  schools  were  al- 
lowed to  compete  which  were 
of  recognized  standing  in  the 
Convention  of  Colleges  of 
Pharmacy. 

Miss  Hindman  was  born  in 
Baker  City,  Oregon,  October 
29,  1888.  Her  preparatory 
education  was  received  in  the 
schools  of  her  home  city.  She 
entered  the  University  of 
Washington  College  of  Phar- 
macy, in  September,  1908, 
and  graduated  with  the  de- 
gree of  Pharmaceutical  Chem- 
ist in  June,  1910.  In  the  fall 
of  this  same  year  she  re- 
turned to  the  University  to 
Miss  F.  E.  Hindman  continue     her     work     in     the 

four-year  course,  and  in  her 
senior  year  was  made  assistant  in  pharmacy  and  placed  in 
charge  of  the   laboratory   instruction   in  drug  assaying. 

In  June,  1912,  Miss  Hindman  received  the  degree  of  Bach- 
elor of  Science  in  Pharmacy.  Jluch  in  love  with  her  work, 
and  greatly  encouraged  by  the  remarkable  record  she  had 
made  in  her  course  of  study  so  far,  she  again  returned  to 
the  University  in  the  fall  of  1912  to  continue  the  work  for 
the  Master's  degree  and  was  given  the  position  of  graduate 
assistant  in  Pharmacy  witli  duties  as  laboratory  instructor 
and  assistant  to  Dean  Johnson  in  the  work  of  state  chemist. 

Washington  was  one  of  the  first  states  to  take  up  a  sys- 
tematic bacteriological  study  of  foods  and  drugs,  and  during 
:Miss  Hindman's  second  year  of  graduate  study,  she  was 
placed  in  charge  of  this  bacteriological  work. 

In  June,  1914,  she  received  the  degree  of  Master  of  Science 
in  Pharmacy.  Her  major  work  for  this  degree  was  in  phar- 
maceutical chemistry  and  included  a  historical  and  chemical 
study  of  the  bark  of  Rbamnus  Purshiana.  The  historical  part 
of  the  thesis  is  being  published  in  the  American  Journal  of 
Pharmacy.  The  results  of  the  chemical  investigation  will  be 
published  later  in  the  same  journal.  Her  minor  work  was  in 
bacteriology.  For  the  coming  year  she  continues  as  a  regular 
instructor  in  the  College  of  Pharmacy  and  as  assistant  state 
chemist  and  bacteriologist. 

This  distinguished  record  has  been  supplemented  by  prac- 
tical experience  in  pharmacy  in  the  city  of  Seattle,  Miss 
Hindman  having  registered  as  a  pharmacist  in  Washington  in 
January,  1913.  In  .^pril,  1914,  she  was  admitted  to  mem- 
bership in  Sigma  Xi,  the  national  honorary  scientific  society, 
and  is  also  a  member  of  Alpha  Chi  Omega  fraternity  of  this 
University. 

The  Committee  of  the  Women's  Organization  having  the 
awarding  of  this  prize  in  hand,  found  that  a  number  of  young 
women  had  taken  very  high  standings  and  done  most  excep- 
tional W'ork,  but  the  length  of  Aliss  Hindman's  course — five 
years — and  the  superior  excellence  of  her  record  passed  all 
others.  She  is  to  be  congratulated  upon  the  success  she  has 
won.  The  recognition  of  the  quality  of  her  work  in  the 
form  of  the  prize  will  surely  be  a  life-long  satisfaction  to  this 
earnest  student  of  pharmaceutical  matters. 


Photographic  Mountant 

Soft   gelatin    40  grams 

Distilled    water     120  c.c. 

Allow  to  soak  for  24  hours  and  add 

Chloral   hydrate    20  grains 

Heat  on  a  water  bath  till  liquid,  or  for  about  an  hour,  and 
then  neutralize  with  a  few  drops  of  solution  of  sodium  car- 
bonate. 

Another  good  mountant  may  be  made  by  dissolving  2 
ounces  of  dextrin  in  6  ounces  of  boiling  water  and  adding, 
when  nearlv  cold   1   ounce  of  alcohol. 


I    AN   ILLUSTRATED  MONTHLY   PUBUCATION  FOR  THE  DRUG  TRADE    j 


Vol.  XLVII 


New  York,  December,  1914 


No.  12 


The  Pharmaceutical  Era. 

PUBLISHED   ON  THE   FIRST  OF  EACH  MONTH. 

D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.     .     .     .     Publishers 

Xo.  3  Park  Place,  New  York 

Telephone,  7646  Barclay.  Cable  Address,  "Era,  New  York." 

SUBSCRIPTION  R.-\TES: 
Single   Copies,   15  cents. 
D.mestic    Rates    to    U.S.,    Cuba,    Hawaii,    Porto    Rico, 

the    Philippines    and    Mexico $1.00  a  year 

To   Canada,    postpaid 1.50  a  year 

To   Foreign   Countries   in   Postal   Union 2.00  a  year 

The  Er.\  Price  List  with  Subscription,  50c.  a  Copy. 
PRICES   IN'CLUDE    POSTAGE   AND   PAYABLE   IN   ADVANCE. 
REMIT  by  P.O.   or  Express  Order  or  New  York  Draft  payable 
to  order  of  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    Add  10  cents  for  collection  charges 
if  you  send   local  check. 

Published  at  No.  3  Park  Place,  Borough  of  Manhattan,  New 
York,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.,  a  corporation:  President  and  treas- 
urer, D.  O.  Haynes;  vice-president,  E.  J.  Kennedy;  secretary, 
N.  W.  Haynes.    Address  of  Officers  is  No.  3  Park  Place,  New  York. 

'Entered  at  the  New  York  Post-Office  as  Second-class  Matter. 

Copyright,  1914,  by  D.  O.  Haynes  &  Co.    All  rights  reserved. 

Title  Registered  in  the  United  States  Patent  Office. 

Table  of  Contents. 


DRUGaiSTS    AND    THE    STAMP    TAX 


READING  SECTION. 

Editorial  and  Pharmaceuticai.  Pages  545-562 

Editorials     545-547 

Book  Reviews   548 

Correspondence    549 

How  to  Build  a  Prescription  Business 549-550 

Compensation    Insurance    551 

Medicinal   Plant  Gardens    552-553 

Jottings  from  Great  Britain 553 

Selected   Formulas    554 

Foreign   .\bstracts    555-556 

Question  Box    557-558 

Some  Phases  of  Commercial  Pharmacy  559-560 

Legal   Decisions    560 

Women  in  Pharmacy    561-562 

News  Section'   Pages  563-578 

Mostly  Personal   563-564 

Obituaries    565-566 

Application  of  the  Stamp  Tax 567-571 

News  from  the  .Associations   572-575 

Schools  and   Colleges    575-577 

Barium  Poisoning    578 

Trade  Section    Pages  579-592 

Adjusting   Customers'    Complaints    579 

From  the  Business  Field   581-583 

Board  Examinations   584-585 

Patents  and  Trademarks   587-588 

Market   Reports    589-591 

Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 592 


In  this  issue  of  the  Era  we  devote  considerable 
space  to  the  law  recently  enacted  by  Congress  to 
pro\'ide  an  increase  in  the  internal  revenue  tax, 
more  popularly  designated  as  the  "stamp  tax  act." 
Under  this  law.  draggists,  in  common  ^^-ith  other 
business  men.  are  liable  to  the  stamp  tax  imposed 
upon  the  issuance  of  commercial  paper,  and  must 
pay  a  special  tax  as  tobacco  dealers,  etc.,  but  under 
Schedule  B  of  the  act,  upon  them  is  imposed  the 
responsibilitj'  of  placing  or  of  seeing  that  stamps 
are  placed  on  all  perfumery,  cosmetics,  chewing 
gum,  etc.,  that  thej'  may  sell.  The  provisions  of 
this  schedule  become  operative  today  (December  1), 
and  if  he  has  not  done  so  already,  it  behooves  the 
druggist  to  quiclily  acquaint  himself  with  what 
the  act  requires  of  him. 

It  is  not  necessary  at  this  time  to  reheai"se  the 
vai-ious  steps  which  led  up  to  this  legislation ;  the 
Act  as  it  now  stands  upon  the  statute  books  is 
what  most  concerns  the  druggist.  But  The  Era 
can  say  it  believed  it  was  the  intention  of  Congress 
that  the  manufacturei-s  should  stand  the  expense  of 
the  stamp  tax,  and  that  as  soon  as  it  became  as- 
sured that  the  measure  would  pass  as  the  law 
did  pass,  it  placed  this  matter  directly  before  the 
manufacturers  of  such  goods,  requesting  that  they 
would  give  us  for  publication  a  statement  of  what 
they  proposed  to  do.  The  argument  was  advanced 
that  retailers  could  ill  afford  to  provide  the  tax 
on  these  goods,  for  most  of  them  were  engaged 
in  an  industrj'  that  was  already  subject  to  special 
taxes,  as  well  as  general  taxes,  tobacco  dealer's 
tax,  etc.,  and  that  under  the  circumstances  they 
could  not  pass  the  tax  on  to  the  consumer,  be- 
cause the  amount  would  be  too  small  to  be  added 
to  the  general  retail   price. 

In  the  results  of  this  campaign  to  aid  the  re- 
tail druggist  we  believe  that  we  have  done  ef- 
fective work,  and  it  is  for  this  reason  that  we  are 
glad  to  present  the  statements  of  so  large  a  num- 
ber of  manufacturers,  the  great  majority  of  whom 
announce  that  they  will  pay  the  tax  without  in- 
creasing their  prices,  and  some  of  whom  even  go 
further  and  state  that  they  will  furnish  stamps  for 
the  goods  the  retailers  may  now  have  in  stock  and 
which  were  purchased  long  before  the  act  passed. 
Such  actions  as  these  go  far  toward  creating  a 
spirit  of  co-operative  interest  between  the  retailer 


546 


THE  PHAR:\rACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


and  the  niamifacturer ;  that  the  manufacturer  is 
wisest  who  i?onsidei-s  and  shows  by  his  actions 
that  the  retailer's  problems  are  his  own,  and  that 
to  be  successful  in  the  sale  of  nuuiufactured  goods, 
the  manufacturer  must  help  the  dealer.  Such  an 
exhibition  of  helpfulness  and  loyalty  makes  friends 
and  makes  sales. 

In  many  quarters  there  has  seemed  to  be  a  lack 
of  appreciation  on  the  part  of  druggists  as  to  the 
application  of  the  law  to  their  business.  One  or 
two  have  even  told  us  that  they  supposed  the 
authorities  would  inform  them  what  they  were  to  do 
to  conform  to  the  law.  Never  were  men  in  a  more 
"mistaken  position.  It  is  '"up"  to  the  druggist 
himself  to  find  out  what  the  law  requires  and 
then  to  act  accordingly.  Ignorance  excuses  no 
one,  and  particularly  when  it  comes  to  answering 
charges  preferred  by  United  States  Revenue  of- 
ficials. Druggists  should  study  the  law  in  its  en- 
tiret}'  and  more  especially  the  requirements  of 
Schedule  B. 

Many  questions  as  to  the  interpretation  of  the 
law  are  likely  to  arise,  but  these  will  all  be  decided 
in  time.  For  the  purposes  of  the  Act,  soap  has 
been  decided  not  to  be  soap  when  it  is  advertised 
and  sold  as  a  beautifier  of  the  skin,  a  rather 
strained  definition,  but  it  is  given  as  an  example  of 
the  rules  of  procedure  that  will  apply  in  determin- 
ing the  taxability  of  the  articles  broadly  enumer- 
ated under  Schedule  B.  We  shall  use  our  best 
endeavors  to  keep  druggists  posted  on  the  techni- 
cal decisions  that  may  be  handed  down  by  the 
Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue  in  the  determi- 
nation of  points  that  arise  under  the  law;  but 
it  will  remain  with  the  individual  druggist  to  get 
in  touch  and  to  obtain  a  broad  working  knowledge 
of  the  Act. 


IMPOBTS  AND  PRICES 


The  list  of  importations  printed  in  each  issue 
of  Weekly  Drug  Markets  furnishes  an  excellent 
price  barometer.  Last  week  the  arrival  of  drugs 
and  chemicals  from  foreign  countries  was  imusual- 
ly  hea^-j'  as  compared  with  previous  weeks  since 
the  beginning  of  the  war  in  Europe,  and  the  fact 
was  quickly  reflected  in  the  downward  tendency 
of  quotations. 

In  the  prices  current  of  drugs  and  chemicals  in 
original  packages  and  the  jobbers'  prices  current 
there  are  at  present  an  average  of  more  than  three 
hundred  changes  each  week.  Such  a  market,  while 
by  no  means  active  in  the  volume  of  trading  done, 
displays  sufiicient  variety  to  make  it  highly  in- 
teresting to  persons  immediately  concerned.  Plain- 
ly, many  a  day  will  pass  before  normal  condi- 
tions will  be  restored  in  the  drug  and  chemical 
trade.  In  several  well-informed  quarters  it  is  stout- 
ly maintained  that  the  present  reaction  is  merely 
the  "slack"  preceding  a  strong  upward  move- 
ment. Persons  holding  this  opinion  ba.se  it  upon 
the  belief  that  when  present  stocks  are  exhausted 
many  articles  will  be  very  scarce  or  wholly  out  of 
the  market.  Herbs  and  flowers  from  which  many  of 
our  drugs  are  derived  are  grown  in  the  very  sec- 
tions of  Europe  that  so  far  have  been  the  greatest 


sufferers  from  the  ravages  of  war.  Furthermore  in 
jiarts  remote  from  the  soimd  of  cannon  there  is  a 
dearth  of  the  kind  of  labor  needed  to  cultivate 
and  harvest  crops.  Conscription  has  done  its  work 
thoroughly.  Therefore  with  little  or  no  production 
in  prospect  for  next  year,  with  only  part  of  this 
year's  yield  harvested  it  would  seem  that  hence- 
forth there  necessarily  must  be  an  illuminating 
relationship  between  importations  and  prices. 


THE    PLEA    OF    IGNORANCE    FAILS 

The  two  cases  of  death  from  barium  sulphide 
poisoning  described  in  'our  news  columns  show 
striking  similarities.  In  both  instances  bariiun  sul- 
phate was  the  substance  in  the  physician's  mind 
while  writing  the  prescription,  and  in  both  cases 
the  druggist  dispensed  sulphide.  Again,  both 
druggists  were  loud  in  their  protestations  that  in 
many  years  of  practice  they  had  never  been  called 
on  to  dispense  barium  sulphate  for  internal  use, 
and  therefore  concluded  that  the  sulphide  was  in- 
tended. In  one  case  the  poisonous  and  evil-smeU- 
ing  sulphide  even  passed  into  the  hands  of  the 
physician  and  was  administered  by  him.  without 
sight  and  smell  warning  him  that  something  un- 
usual was  at  hand.  In  spite  of  the  deplorable 
blunder  on  the  druggist's  part,  fatal  outcome 
might  still  have  been  avoided  here  if  the  physi- 
cian had  been — if  one  may  use  the  expression — 
technically  alert;  that  is,  if  his  senses  had  been 
keenly  alive  to  the  physical  characteristics  of  the 
substance  he  expected  to  see  and  administer. 

There  cannot  be  two  sides  to  the  argument  ad- 
vanced by  the  Baltimore  physician,  that  "sulph" 
in  a  prescription  always  stands  for  "sulphate." 
Such  a  statement,  however  sincerely  made,  is  sim- 
ply not  in  accord  with  the  facts,  and  prominent 
authorities  are  agreed  on  this  point.  A  prescrip- 
tion calling  for  "Barium  Sulph."  is  dangerously 
ambiguous  per  se,  and  the  physician  is  culpable 
for  not  having  made  his  orders  unmistakable. 

Of  chief  interest  to  us,  however,  is  the  claim 
made  by  both  druggists  that  never  before  had  they 
been  called  upon  to  put  up  barium  sulphate  for 
intei-nal  use.  This  is  a  striking  comment  on  the 
extent  to  which  these  two  men  failed  to  keep 
abreast  of  the  times  in  their  professional  informa- 
tion. At  least  three  chemical  manufacturing 
houses  in  this  countrj'  have  had  a  specially  pre- 
pared barium  sulphate  for  internal  use  on  the  mar- 
ket for  periods  varying  from  six  to  thirteen  months. 
]\Iore  than  two  years  ago  the  Era  contained  refer- 
ences to  the  use  of  barium  sulphate  as  a  contrast 
medium  in  X-ra.y  work,  being  substituted  for  the 
expensive  bismuth  salts.  Other  journals,  both  medi- 
cal and  pharmaceutical,  have  presented  numerous 
accounts  of  the  substance,  with  formulas  for  its  ad- 
ministration. There  has  been  ample  oppoitunity 
for  the  druggist  to  learn  that  physicians  were 
using  barium  sulphate  internally,  and  to  realize,  if 
he  lived  in  a  town  where  Roentgen  diagnoses  were 
made,  that  he  might  be  asked  at  anj'  time  to  dis- 
pense it.  It  is  futile  for  these  two  druggists  to 
put  forward  in  extenuation  the  claim  that  since  a 
prescription  for  barium  sulphate  was  unheard  of, 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


547 


therefore  they  might  assume  that  the  sulphide  was 
reallj-  wanted.  This  argument  proves  entirely 
too  much,  because  it  can  be  applied  to  every  remedy 
or  medicinal  agent  past,  present,  or  future.  There 
was  certainly  once  a  time  when  morphine  had  never 
been  prescribed  by  a  physician,  but  we  cannot  be- 
lieve that  when  the  first  prescription  calling  for 
the  new  alkaloid  appeared,  the  pharmacist  dis- 
pensed ''something  else,"  on  the  grounds  that  he 
had  never,  in  fifteen  years  of  experience,  known  a 
physician  to  order  morphine  for  a  patient. 

We  often  hear  that  "professional"  pharmacy  is 
on  the  wane.  But  if  two  pharmacists  had  been 
a  little  more  professional,  and  had  made  a  suffici- 
ent effort  to  inform  themselves  as  to  what  was  go- 
ing on  in  their  world  of  activity,  two  accidents 
might  have  been  averted,  and  one  physician  could 
have  been  given  an  excellent  lesson  on  the  need  for 
absolute  clearness  in  prescribing. 

DEVIATIONS  FROM  STANDARDS  PERMISSIBLE? 


Druggists  of  this  State  wiU  be  interested  in  the 
opinion  recently  handed  down  by  Attorney-Gen- 
eral James  A.  Parsons  in  reply  to  an  inquirj'  of 
the  New  York  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  as  to 
whether  the  statutes  permit  an  omission  of  a 
prohibited  drug  from  a  standardized  preparation, 
even  though  attention  is  called  to  such  an  omission. 
This  question,  as  most  Era  readers  know,  was 
prompted  by  the  fact  that  the  New  York  City 
Department  of  Health  adopted  an  ordinance  pro- 
hibiting the  sale  of  all  preparations  containing  nar- 
cotic drugs,  including  those  permitted  to  be  sold 
by  the  Boylan  Anti-Habit  Forming  Drug  law,  with 
the  further  provision  that  "in  dispensing,  without  a 
prescription,  Stokes'  Expectorant  (found  in  the 
National  FormularjO  druggists  will  be  expected  to 
dispense  it  without  the  paregoric  (opium),  which 
is  an  official  ingredient  thereof."  The  omission  of 
such  narcotic,  however,  must  be  declared  on  the 
label,  as  "Stokes'  Expectorant  without  paregoric." 

Under  the  statutes  of  the  State  Food  and  Drugs 
Act,  no  variations  are  permitted  from  standards  for 
drugs  or  preparations  named  in  the  Pharmacopoeia 
or  Formularj^,  and  yet  here  the  position  taken 
by  the  Attorney- General  seems  to  favor  such  vari- 
ations. He  claims  that  the  sale  of  a  medicine 
which  contains  no  opium  at  all,  or  other  prohibited 
drug,  cannot  by  any  possible  construction  violate 
the  Boylan  law  dealing  with  the  sale  of  domestic  or 
proprietary  remedies.  Further,  according  to  his 
opinion,  authority  is  given  in  paragraph  5  of 
section  237  of  the  State  Health  law  to  sell  those 
preparations  recognized  by  the  Pharmacopoeia  and 
National  Formulary  without  the  prohibited  drugs, 
by  labeling  the  preparation  with  the  name  found 
in  the  Pharmacopoeia  or  Formulary  and  in- 
dicating thereafter  what  has  been  omitted 
or  withdrawn.  In  other  words,  when  the 
preparation  is  sold  bj"  mere  name  alone,  it  should 
conform  to  the  official  standard.  Wlien  a  certain 
ingredient  is  omitted  and  the  omission  disclosed. 
a  new  or  professed  standard  is  provided  which 
permits  such  sale,  if  the  preparation  conforms 
to  the  professed  standard  expressed  on  the  label. 


Such  a  sale,  the  Attorney-General  holds,  would  not 
involve  any  violation  of  the  Boylan  law  or  of  the 
section  of'  the  Public  Health  law  which  forbids 
the  adulteration  of  drugs. 

The  opinion  may  be  in  line  with  the  theory 
of  the  Federal  Food  and  Drugs  Act  in  permitting 
the  sale  or  shipment  into  intei-state  commerce  of 
any  drug  or  preparation  that  conforms  to  its  ex- 
pressed standard,  but  it  does  not  accord  with  the 
provisions  of  the  State  law,  which,  as  we  have  in- 
dicated above,  permits  no  variation  from  U.  S.  P. 
or  N.  F.  requirements.  According  to  the  Attorney- 
General's  opinion  it  will  be  permissible  to  sell  cam- 
phorated tincture  of  opium  (paregoric)  without  any 
opiiun  at  all,  and  the  absiu-dity  of  labeling  a  prep- 
aration '  ■  without  opium"  which  takes  its  name  from 
that  constituent  is  not  surpassed  by  many  of  the 
curious  imomalies  that  have  been  developed  in  legis- 
lation of  this  character.  There  may  be  birds  that 
cannot  fly,  but  the  instances  where  naturalists  have 
perverted  nomenclature  to  express  the  fact  are  very 
rare,  iloreover,  the  opinion  is  antagonistic  to  the 
Regulation  regarding  the  misuse  of  names. 


THE  SODA  FOUNTAIN'S  ANNUAL  PREVIEW 


Ix  the  automobile  trade  it  is  ciistomarj-  for  trade 
journals  to  devote  considerable  space  in  the  late 
summer  and  early  fall  to  the  new  lines  of  auto- 
mobiles to  be  put  out  by  manufacturers  for  the 
following  year.  Our  contemporary  The  Soda  Foun- 
tain is  convinced  that  something  of  a  similar  nature 
relating  to  the  lines  of  soda  foimtains  to  be  offered 
by  the  principal  manufacturers  would  be  of  vital 
interest  to  buyers  of  these  goods,  and  it  has  accord- 
ingly announced  that  the  forthcoming  December  is- 
sue ^^-ill  be  devoted  to  a  "Preview"  of  the  fountain 
trade  and  what  the  manufacturers  will  offer  dur- 
ing the  coming  year. 

All  druggists  who  have  soda  fountains  are  inter- 
ested in  the  improvements  in  the  apparatus  for  dis- 
pensing soda  water,  and  they  have  been  quick  to 
note  all  advances  that  have  been  made  in  the  direc- 
tion of  sanitation  and  labor-saving  de\nces.  To 
this  end  The  Sodu  Fountain  has  taken  up  the  sub- 
ject with  every  manufacturer  who  is  an  advertiser 
in  that  publication,  and  these  represent  practically 
all  of  the  manufacturers  in  this  line  in  the  country, 
and  has  secured  first  hand  mformation  regarding 
new  styles  and  types  of  apparatus  which  is  sure 
to  prove  of  value  to  everj-  indi\-idual  engaged  in 
dispensing,  but  more  particularly,  to  the  man  who 
wants  to  buy  a  soda  fountain. 

The  December  Soda  Fountain  is  also  recommend- 
ed to  all  dealers  who  contemplate  making  changes 
in  their  fountain  equipment,  for  it  will  place  be- 
fore them  detailed  information  regarding  the  Imes  of 
goods  offered  by  each  manufacturer.  Besides  be- 
ing informative,  the  material  thus  assembled  will 
be^suggestive,  and  will  afford  the  druggist  real  help 
as  to  how  he  can  best  meet  the  conditions  for  in- 
creasing his  business  m  this  department  during  the 
coming  year.  To  the  prospective  buyer,  the  issue 
vriM  gfve  him  an  exceptional  opportunity  to  get  an 
accurate  line  on  the  fountains  offered  by  reputable 
manufacturers. 


548 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,  1914 


Books  Reviewed 


CHEMICAL  TECHNOLOGY  AND  ANALYSIS  OF  OILS,  FATS 
AND  WAXES.  By.  Dr.  J.  Lewkowitsch.  M.  A.,  F.  L  C. 
Consulting  and  analytical  chenlist,  and  chemical  engineer  in 
"soap  manufacture"  and  in  "fats  and  oils'*  to  the  city  and 
guilds  of  London  Institute.  Edited  by  George  H.  Warburton. 
Fifth  edition,  entirely  rewritten  and  enlarged.  In  three  vol- 
umes. Vol.  XL  XIV  4-  9+t  pages,  cloth,  $6.50.  London,  Mac- 
millan  &  Co.,  Ltd. 

The  delay  in  the  appearance  of  the  second  volume  of  this 
great  work  is  due  to  the  death  of  Dr.  Lewkowitsch  shortly 
after  the  appearance  of  the  first  volume,  reviewed  in  the  Era 
of  November  last  year.  In  a  way,  this  delay  has  served  a  use- 
ful purpose  in  that  it  has  given  the  editor  scope  for  the  addi- 
tion of  the  most  recent  data  up  to  the  eve  of  publication.  We 
are  positive  that  the  work  will  hold  an  important  place  in  the 
literature  of  the  subject. 

This  volume  covers  the  commercial  preparation  of  the  raw 
materials  used  in  the  oils,  fats  and  wa.xes  industries;  and 
methods  of  preparing,  refining  and  examining  natural  oils, 
fats,  and  wa.xes,  and  detecting  adulterations.  In  the  arrange- 
ment followed,  the  analyst,  by  means  of  the  tables  placed  before 
him,  has  a  ready  means  of  identifying  any  unknown  oil  or  fat 
which  he  may  have  to  examine.  Next  comes  a  discussion  of 
those  factors  which  influence  the  chemical  composition,  and 
then  follows  an  outline  of  those  adulterants  most  likely  to  be 
met  with,  together  with  tests  for  the  determination  of  the 
same.  The  author  notes  that  in  the  course  of  his  investiga- 
tions most  of  the  color  reactions  so  much  relied  upon  in  former 
years,  have  been  found  useless,  and  lie  therefore  omits  them 
from  this  treatise.  The  order  in  which  the  natural  oils,  fats, 
and  waxes  are  enumerated  by  the  author  is  determined  by  the 
magnitude  of  the  iodine  value,  and  this  sequence  is  quite 
uniformly  followed  throughout  the  book.  Chapter  XIV,  con- 
taining more  than  900  pages,  is  devoted  wholly  to  the  tech- 
nology of  the  subject,  and  constitutes  in  concise  form  a  com- 
plete series  of  monographs  of  all  known  natural  products  of 
this  description.  In  this  volume,  the  French,  German,  and 
Italian  names  of  each  individual  oil,  fat,  and  wa.x  are  given, 
while  botanical  and  zoological  names  are  supplied  in  the  form 
of  indexes  with  page  numbers  referring  to  the  text. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  AMERICAN  ASSOCIATION  OF  PHAR- 
MACEUTICAL CHEMISTS.  Seventh  annual  meeting,  held  at 
the  Hotel  Somerset,  Boston,  Mass.,  May  25  to  30,  1914.  8  vo., 
318  pages,  cloth. 

The  aims  of  this  progressive  association  are  very  clearly  set 
forth  in  this  volume,  and  the  various  addresses  and  reports  of 
committees  presented  at  the  Boston  meeting  are  evidence,  if 
evidence  be  needed,  tliat  the  members  are  promoting  a  more  en- 
larged and  friendly  intercourse  among  themselves  and  are  do- 
ing a  great  deal  "to  encourage  and  preserve  the  highest  stand- 
ard in  business  and  manufacturing  conduct  in  true  harmony 
with  the  ethics  of  the  medical  and  pharmaceutical  professions  " 
One  of  the  most  illuminating  and  interesting  parts  of  the  book 
is  that  containing  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Costs  and 
Overheads,  particularly  the  paper  by  Prof.  Edgar  L,  Patch  of 
Boston,  and  the  report  of  Dr.  S.  E.  Masengill,  of  Bristol,  Tenn. 
As  an  exposition  of  some  of  the  problems  of  manufacturing 
economics,  these  contributions  are  noteworthy,  while  the  con- 
clusions drawn  and  hints  therein  given  should  prove  helpful 
to  all  engaged  in  pharmaceutical  manufacturing.  The  volume 
contains  a  list  of  the  firms  holding  membership  in  the  asso- 
ciation, now  numbering  more  than  forty,  a  list  of  the  officers 
and  committees  for  the  current  year,  and  a  number  of  full  page 
half   tone   reproductions   of    the   principal   officers. 


A  SHORT  HANDBOOK  OF  COSMETICS.  By  Max  Joseph,  Sec- 
ond English  Edition,  revised  with  Appendix.  12  mo.,  97  pages, 
cloth,    $1.      New    York.      E.    B.    Treat    &    Co. 

This  is  one  of  the  best  little  manuals  that  we  know  oi  on 
this  subject,  and  the  druggist  will  find  it  a  most  helpful  addi- 
tion to  his  library.  According  to  the  author,  cosmetics  is 
m.erely  a  department  of  dermatology,  and  to  obtain  good  re- 
sults in  the  art,  the  medical  man  will  do  so  only  as  he  has 
familiarized  himself  with  the  elements  of  that  .subject.  As  a 
matter  of  common  knowledge,  a  large  part  of  the  cosmetics 
exploited  today  are  not  to   be  ranked  as  "beautifiers,"   for  the 


conditions  which  tliey  seek  to  ameliorate  are  not  reached  by 
such  compounds.  Here  the  author  would  direct  the  physician 
and  druggist  aright,  which  he  does  by  taking  up  each  separate 
medicament  and  noting  for  which  affections  it  is  to  be  used. 
The  druggist  will  find  within  the  volume  many  new  formulas 
for  all  kinds  of  cosmetics,  while  the  hints  given  are  all  that  one 
would  look  for  in  this  latest  book  on  the  subject. 


WELLCOME     PHOTOGRAPHIC     EXPOSURE     RECORD     ANi) 
DIARY,  1915. 

This  little  annual,  bound  in  the  well  known  red,  contains  a 
mine  of  information  as  to  exposure,  development,  etc.,  which 
every  photographer  needs,  and  also  supplies  answers  to  many 
questions  which  are  frequently  asked  by  amateurs  but  often 
left  unanswered  in  the  ordinary  textbooks.  To  mention  a  few 
of  the  points  covered,  the  book  tells  you  how  to  tone  bromides 
green,  how  much  flashlight  powder  to  use,  how  to  intensify 
color  plates,  how  to  get  warm  tones  on  gaslight  paper,  about 
factorial  development,  photography  at  night,  speeds  of  bromide 
papers,  exposure  for  interiors,  sepia  or  blue  toning,  staining 
prints,  and  dozens  of  other  things  that  space  will  not  permit 
us  to  enumerate  here.  Fixed  inside  the  back  cover  is  the 
"Wellcome  Exposure  Calculator,"  an  ingenious  device  which, 
by  a  single  turn  of  one  scale  gives  the  correct  exposure  for 
any  plate  or  film  at  any  time  of  day  or  year.  By  its  use  the 
photographer  is  able  to  effectively  reduce  the  percentage  of 
spoiled  plates,  thus  considerably  lessening  lots  of  unnecessary 
ex-pense.  The  book  is  issued  in  wallet  form  complete  with  lead 
pencil,  and  may  be  obtained  of  all  photographic  dealers  and 
booksellers.     Price  in  the  United  States,  50  cents. 


INDEX  TO  PATENTS,  TECHNOLOGY  AND  BIBLIOGRAPHY 
OF  CHINA  WOOD  OIL  (Tung  Oil).  Compiled  and  published 
by  George  H.  Stevens,  Irvington,  N.  J.  and  J.  Warren  Armi- 
tage,    Newark,    N.   J. 

This  index  of  135  pages,  quarto  size,  and  printed  three  col- 
umns to  the  page,  really  furnishes  a  key  to  the  voluminous 
literature  relating  to  this  oil,  the  authors  stating  that  it  is  a 
compilation  of  everything  that  has  been  written  about  Elaeo- 
cocca  oil  (China  wood  oil),  the  whole  representing  something 
over  800  publications  and  nearly  200  patents,  about  500  people, 
authors  and  experimenters  being  responsible  for  the  various 
statements.  The  technology  data  to  which  this  index  refers 
has  been  reproduced  from  typewriter  manuscript,  the  patent 
portion  by  photographic  process,  the  whole  being  arranged  on 
uniform  sized  sheets  SJ^XllJ^  inches  and  gathered  in  loose 
leaf  binders  into  four  huge  books,  comprising  nearly  2,000 
sheets,  of  which  about  500  are  blue  prints.  Only  a  small 
manuscript  edition  has  been  prepared,  and  sets  will  be  made 
up  only  on  orders,  which  may  be  sent  to  either  of  the  com- 
pilers. If  one  may  judge  anything  by  the  printed  index,  litera- 
ture of  the  subject  would  appear  to  have  been  thoroughly 
scanned. 


THE    PHYSICIAN'S    VISITING    LIST    (Lindsay    &    Blakiston's> 
for  1915. 

This  is  the  64th  year  of  the  publication  of  this  List,  a  work 
that  has  proved  satisfactory  to  more  than  one  generation  of 
practitioners.  The  List  is  furnished  in  three  editions,  regular, 
perpetual  and  monthly,  ranging  in  price  from  $1.25  to  $2.50, 
according  to  style  and  size.  Besides  the  blank  leaves  for  visit- 
ing list,  memoranda,  addresses,  accounts,  obstetric  and  vac- 
cination engagements,  records  of  births  and  death,  etc.,  there 
are  many  tables  likely  to  prove  useful  to  the  busy  physician, 
such  as  incompatibilities,  metric  weights  and  measures  and 
their  equivalents,  doses,  quarantine  periods  in  infectious  dis- 
eases,  thermometric   tables,   etc. 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  TWENTIETH  ANNUAL  MEETING 
OF  THE  MANUFACTURING  PERFUMERS'  ASSOCIATION 
OF    THE    UNITED    STATES,    1914.      8    vo.,    186    pages. 

This  volume  contains  the  proceedings  of  the  association  held 
in  this  city  last  April,  as  also  the  several  special  addresses 
delivered  before  the  members  at  that  time.  Of  these  the  ad- 
dresses of  O'Brien  Atkinson  on  "Sources  of  Credit  Informa- 
tion," John  Clyde  Oswald  on  "The  Future  of  Business,"  and 
of  Gilbert  H.  Montague  on  "Monopoly  and  Price  Cutting" 
will  well  pay  perusal.  According  to  Secretary  Henderson's  re- 
port, the  membership  on  April  1  numbered  47  active,  63  asso- 
ciate, and  4  honorary. 


December,  1914] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


549 


Correspondence 


THE  STANDARD  DBUU  CO. 

Cleveland,   Nov.   6Ui,    1914. 
Editor  The  Pharmaceutical  Era, 
Dear  Sir: 

We  have  your  communication  regarding  War  Tax  Stamps. 
We  have  had  notices  from  numerous  companies  manufacturing 
perfumes  and  toilet  articles,  stating  that  they  expect  to  bear 
all  the  e-xpense  of  this  tax,  notably  Colgate  &  Co.  and  the 
manufacturers  of  Lyon's  tooth  powder. 

We  received  yesterday  a  notification  from  Lehn  &  Fink, 
stating  that  they  were  advancing  the  price  of  Pebeco  Tooth 
Paste  to  S4.20  per  dozen  list.  The  strange  part  of  this  is.  that 
they  think  it  necessary  to  advance  their  price  on  a  tooth  paste 
they  had  been  listing  at  $4  per  dozeh,  which  is  made'  in 
America  and  which  in  our  opinion  does  not  cost  any  more  to 
manufacture  than  Colgate's  or  any  of  the  rest. 

We  think  the  druggists  should  take  a  stand  against  them 
in   this  case.  Sincerely   yours. 

The  St.\xd.\rd  Drug  Co. 

C.'E.  Roseman. 


LEHN  &  FINK 
120  William  St. 

New  York,  Nov.  14th,  1914. 
Editor  The  Pharmaceutical  Era, 
Dear  Sir : 

Replying  to  yours  of  the  13th  as  to  letters  you  have  received 
from  subscribers  to  the  "Era"  objecting  to  our  advancing  the 
price  of  Pebeco  Tooth  Paste,  we  beg  to  state  that  we  shall 
bear  the  War  Tax  on  all  our  proprietary  toilet  articles  such 
as  Crown  Goods.  Riveris  Talcum  Powder,  etc.  with  the  ex- 
ception of  Pebeco  Tooth  Paste.  As  to  this  preparation  we 
are  not  entirely  free  under  our  arrangement  with  foreign  prin- 
cipals. Yours  truly, 

Lehx  &  Fink. 


"Wood   Alcohol   Seller   Not    a   'V^emiont   Druggist 

Editor,    The  Pharmaceutical  Era : 

In  justice  to  the  druggists  of  \'ermont  and  the  profession  at 
large  I  desire  to  have  published  the  facts  relative  to  the  Bisbee 
case  at  Bristol,  Vt. 

Dr.  D.  A.  Bisbee  sold,  or  at  least  is  accused  of  selling  and 
has  not  denied  the  fact,  what  he  supposed  was  alcohol  but 
which  proved  to  be  wood  alcohol,  and  as  a  consequence  13 
deaths  have  resulted  so  far.  Naturally  it  has  caused  a  great 
deal  of  comment  and  the  various  papers  have  stated  that  he 
was  running  a  drug  store,  which  is  not  the  case.  Bisbee  is  a 
graduate  of  a  medical  college  and  has  practised  as  such,  but  as 
he  had  been  confuted  in  prison,  his  license  as  a  pharmacist,  se- 
cured under  the  old  regulation  in  force  at  the  time  the  phar- 
macy law  was  passed,  was  revoked  and  upon  his  release  from 
prison  he  again  tried  to  secure  a  license  ■  but  was  refused  e.\- 
amination  by  the  Board  of  Pharmacy;  later,  his  store  was  in- 
spected by  a  member  of  this  Board  and  he  was  compelled  to 
take  down  all  signs,  etc.,  which  would  indicate  that  it  was  a 
drug  store,  but  unfortunately  the  law  in  this  slate  at  present 
prevented  closing  the  place  entirely. 

In  view  of  the  foregoing  facts  it  seems  tmjust  that  pharmacy 
should  be  compelled  to  bear  the  stigma  of  such  an  outrage 
when  he  wjis  no  more  to  be  classed  with  pharmacy  than  the 
ministry,  for  nothing  but  the  fact  that  it  is  customary  to  call 
places  drug  stores  that  sell  a  few  patents  to  cover  something 
else,  connected  him  with  pharmacists  as  a  class. 

Trusting  that  you  will  give  this  the  publicity  it  deser\-es  I 
beg  to  remain,  "*    Yours  truly. 

Mason  T.  Beebe, 
Secretary,  Vt.  State  Board  of  Pliarmacy. 

Burlington,  Vt.,  Noz.  9,  1914. 


Interchange    of    Certificates    With    Kentucky 
Editor,   The  Pharmaceutical  Era : 

On  page  529  of  the  November  issue  of  your  journal  you 
make  reference  to  the  case  of  King  vs.  the  Kentucky'  Board  of 
Pharmacy  sustaining  the  right  of  the  board  to  make  rules 
governing  the  interchange  of  certificates.  The  rule  in  question 
does  not  provide  that  the  applicant  must  hold  his  certificate 


for  one  year  after  being  registered,  as  you  state.     Said  rule 
was  as  follows: 

No  resident  of  this  state  or  of  any  other  state  shall  be 
deemed  eligible  for  reciprocal  registration  in  Kentucky 
upon  the  examination  of  the  Board  of  Pharmacy  of  an- 
other state  unless  said  applicant,  at  the  time  of  taking  said 
examination,  shall  have  been  a  bona  fide  resident  of  said 
state  and  engaged  in  the  retail  drug  business  therein  for 
a  period  of  not  less  than  one  year  iimnediately  prior  to 
said  examination. 

The  purpose  of  the  rule  requiring  applicants  to  have  been 
engaged  in  the  drug  business  in  which  applicant  took  his  ex- 
amination, for  one  year  before  taking  the  examination,  was 
to  break  up  the  practice  of  applicants  declining  to  take  the 
Kentucky  examination  and  going  to  other  states  and  taking  an 
admittedly  easier  examination. 

Yours  very  truly, 
Ed\V.\RD    BL00imEI.D, 
Attorney,  Kentucky  Board  of  Phar>nacy. 
Louisville,  Ky.,  Nov.  9,  1914. 


How  To  Build  A  Prescription  Business* 

By   G.    0.   PATTERSON,   Hawesville,   Ky. 

WHEN  I  was  requested  to  read  an  article  on  this  subject, 
my  first  inclination  was  to  decline  the  inflation.  I 
felt  that  the  information  that  I  might  give  would 
probably  not  be  as  valuable  as  that  which  could  be  obtained 
from  other  members  of  the  Association,  but  after  being  in- 
formed that  I  might  relate  my  personal  experience  in  building 
a  prescription  business  in  a  small  town,  I  shall  attempt  to 
offer  a  few  suggestions  that  may  assist  some  of  my  fellow- 
druggists   in   localities  similar  to   mine. 

Since  it  is  a  foregone  conclusion  that  the  essential  and  vital 
point  in  this  matter  is  to  gain  the  confidence  of  your  prospec- 
tive patrons,  I  shall  devote  the  greater  part  of  this  article  to 
that  item. 

I  can  readily  recall  a  little  idea  that  came  to  my  mind  the 
first  day  after  I  started  business — when  a  customer  called  for 
five  cents'  worth  of  senna  leaves.  The  wrapping  paper  had  not 
arrived,  so  I  picked  up  a  piece  of  newspaper,  wrapped  the 
package,  started  to  write  a  label  for  it,  and  the  customer  re- 
marked that  it  was  useless  to  label  it,  but  I  answered  that  I 
did  not  want  any  article  to  leave  the  place  unless  it  was  plainly 
labeled,  so  that  each  customer  might  know  what  he  or  she  had 
purchased.  I  am  pleased  to  say  that  I  have  not  varied  from 
that  rule,  and  I  am  sure  that  one  practice  has  given  me  a 
prestige  that  is  certainly  worth  while. 

Another  thing  worth  mention  in  the  development  of  my 
prescription  business  is  that  no  one  in  my  employ  is  permitted 
to  recommend  nor  offer  for  sale  any  secret  formula  preparation, 
either  patent  or  proprietary.  When  asked  to  recommend  such 
a  preparation,  we  merely  say  that,  since  we  have  no  way  to 
know  what  this  preparation  contains,  we  do  not  feel  that  we 
can  conscientiously  recommend  it,  however  it  is  advertised  as 
a  remedy  for  such  a  disease.  In  the  greater  per  cent  of  cases 
of  this  nature  we  are  asked  to  recormnend  a  remedy.  This  we 
do  if  we  feel  that  some  simple  remedy  will  have  the  desired 
effect.  But  if  we  see  from  a  patron's  talk  that  the  trouble 
is  more  complicated,  we  listen  in  the  most  courteous  manner, 
then  suggest  that  he  see  his  physician.  While  at  times  it  is 
necessary  to  give  details  as  to  why  it  is  better  for  him  to 
see  his  physician,  we  have  found  that  the  time  spent  in  that 
way  usually  results  in  getting  a  staunch  prescription  customer. 

Along  this  line  I  might  relate  a  peculiar  condition  I  was 
brought  into  in  one  instance.  While  a  customer  was  giving 
me  a  detailed  description  of  the  condition  of  her  health,  a 
young  physician  who  had  recently  located  in  the  town  came 
into  the  store.  After  hearing  what  the  lady  had  to  say,  I  ex- 
plained to  her  that  it  would  be  better  to  consult  her  phj'sician, 
which  she  did.  This  physician  had  heard  a  part  of  the  con- 
versation, and  after  she  had  gone  to  his  office  and  he  had 
prescribed  for  her,  he  told  her  to  take  the  prescription  to  a  com- 
petitive store.  But  she  informed  him  that  she  preferred  my 
store,  and  she  came  and  told  me  what  he  had  said.  When  I 
went  to  see  the  physician  about  the  matter,  he  remarked  that 
I   would  have   prescribed   for   the   lady  had  he  not  come  in 


*Read    before    the    Kentucky    Pharmaceutical    Association, 
Lexington,  1914. 


550 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,  1914 


when  he  did.  But  I  explained  to  him  how  necessarj-  it  is  to 
hear  full  details  before  referring  the  customer  to  a  physician. 
He  accepted  my  explanation  and  today  he  is  one  of  my  closest 
business  friends.  A  mention  of  this  experience  is  to  show  that 
a  clear  understanding  between  physician  and  pharmacist  should 
exist;  and  I  believe  that  a  s;itisfactory  relationship  will  always 
exist  if  you  will  not  stand  behind  your  counter  and  consider 
your  physicians  enemies  instead  of  co-operating  with  Uiera  on 
behalf  of  the  profession. 

When  I  began  business  the  local  physicians  wrote  practically 
no  prescriptions,  and  there  were  quite  a  few  of  my  customers 
who  were  going  to  physicians  and  specialists  of  more  or  less 
reputation.  1  felt  that  there  was  no  reason  why  I  should  not 
get  this  foreign  prescription  business;  so  in  order  to  get  these 
patrons  to  bring  their  prescriptions  home  and  allow  me  to  fill 
them.  I  adopted  a  plan  of  visiting  physicians  and  telling  them 
and  showing  them  that  I  was  equipped  to  do  this  work  and 
asking  for  their  assistance,  while  on  the  other  hand,  I  availed 
myself  of  every  opportunity  to  show  these  patrons  that  I  could 
and  would  gladly  compound  tlieir  prescriptions.  After  a  short 
time  I  began  to  receive  this  out-of-town  business.  I  gained 
a  close  business  friendship  with  quite  a  few  of  the  physicians 
from  other  towns  and  cities,  and  one  year  75%  of  my  pre- 
scription business  was  from  foreign  physicians.  While  fre- 
quently it  was  necessary  to  order  items  to  fill  these  prescrip- 
tions, I  was  very  particular  to  see  tliat  these  were  filled  with 
dispatch,  and  I  usually  advised  the  physician  when  it  was 
necessary  to  order  the  item.  I  found  Uiis  plan  was  very  satis- 
factory, and  it  established  with  them  a  confidence  in  me.  They 
knew  that  I  would  give  them  what  they  wrote  for  and  would 
offer  no  substitute. 

The  next  step  taken  that  has  been  advantageous  in  building 
my  prescription  business,  as  well  as  the  general  business,  was 
I  never  pushed  a  non-secret;  while  I  carry  two  lines  manu- 
factured by  co-operative  companies,  I  have  not  tried  to  develop 
that  business,  but  I  make  a  line  of  home  remedies  that  I  have 
established  a  very  nice  business  on.  I  put  these  preparations 
up  in  regular  prescription  ovals,  under  a  plain  printed  label, 
and  wrapped  in  parchment  paper.  This  makes  a  very  neat 
and  attractive  package.  I  have  been  told  often  that  to  sell  a 
foreign  make  preparation  was  more  profitable  than  to  take 
the  time  to  make  them  at  home,  but  I  have  always  felt  that 
I  had  rather  have  a  customer  call  for  the  cough  remedy  that 
Patterson  makes  than  to  ask  for  Jones',  and  I  firmly  believe  that 
the  fact  that  these  remedies  are  manufactured  in  my  store  has 
had  quite  a  little  bearing  on  my  patronage  and  has  to  a  great 
extent  aided  in  establishing  that  confidence  in  our  ability  to 
compound  prescriptions.  You  might  wonder  how  my  physi- 
cians feel  about  my  line  of  preparations.  Whenever  this  occa- 
sion arises,  I  explain  to  the  physician  that  it  is  to  their  ad- 
vantage that  the  public  buy  my  make  instead  of  patents,  and 
the  physician  after  being  told  about  the  combinations  of  such 
preparation,  when  he  is  called  to  see  a  patient  and  finds  that 
they  are  taking  one  of  these  remedies,  he  will  not  say,  "Why 
do  you  fool  with  patents?"  but  he  will  invariably  say,  'Oh, 
that  is  good,  but  I  would  suggest  a  change  jJst  now,"  and 
thereby  giving  you  another  chance  at  a  future  time.  I  have 
at  times  told  physicians  of  the  contents  of  some  one  of  my 
preparations  and  have  filled  prescriptions  for  them.  In  this 
way  the  physician  boosts  my  preparations  instead  of  knocking 
them,  as  might  be  supposed. 

.^s  a  result  of  these  efforts,  I  am  today  selling  more  of  my 
remedies  than  I  am  of  all  the  patents  recommended  for  the 
same  r'urpose.  But,  let  me  say  that  myself  or  clerks  never 
recommend  one  of  my  remedies  when  a  patent  is  asked  for, 
but  we  take  particular  notice  of  how  the  customer  asks  for  a 
remedy,  and  if  asked  for  a  cough  remedy,  a  blood  purifier  or  a 
liver  pill  without  specifying  a  particular  make,  we  are  on 
our  job. 

The  greatest  problem  in  building  the  prescription  business  is 
div-r'ing  the  business  from  proprietary  to  XJ.  S.  P.  and  N.  F. 
products.  First,  I  made  several  of  those  products,  and  when 
one  of  the  physicians  would  stop  in,  I  would  show  him  the 
process  of  manufacture  and  the  finished  product,  and  explain 
to  him  the  advantage  in  using  these  instead  of  similar  pro- 
prietaries. In  the  first  place,  the  saving  in  price  to  his  pa- 
tient. That  one  point  has  won  quite  a  few  for  me.  And 
another  point  that  it  is  well  to  mention  is  the  fact  that  the  laity 
does  not  become  as  familiar  with  the  names  of  U.  S.  P.  and 
N.  F.  products  as  they  do  with  proprietaries.  And  along  this 
line  it  is  advantageous  to  urge  the  use  of  capsules  and  pow- 


ders in  preference  to  ready-made  pills,  tablets,  etc.  My  argu- 
ment in  favor  of  this  is:  Mrs.  A.  comes  in,  says  that  Dr.  B. 
prescribed  some  brown,  red  or  green  tablets  for  me,  but  they 
didn't  do  any  good.  I  thought  probably  that  they  were  inert, 
or  old.  I  have  frequently  demonstrated  to  physicians  tliat  bet- 
ter results  almost  invariably  come  from  medicines  prepared  in 
capsules  or  powders,  instead  of  ready-made  pills  or  tablets. 

But  with  regard  to  U.  S.  P.  and  N.  F.  propaganda  work, 
when  preparing  U.  S.  P.  and  N.  F.  preparations  do  not  fail 
to  call  the  physician's  attention  to  the  detail  of  preparing  tlie 
preparations,  and  if  the  finished  preparation  has  clear  or 
bright  appearance  do  not  fail  to  mention  it.  7'hese  points  al- 
ways give  yoti  the  opportunity  for  the  necessary  detail  work, 
and  if  you  fail  to  use  these  opportunities  as  they  arise  you 
will  allow  the  specialty  man  to  put  one  over  on  you.  Under- 
stand I  may  have  many  friends  among  the  traveling  salesmen, 
and  I  admire  their  business  ability,  but  I  try  to  run  my  place 
on  the  idea  that  self-preservation  is  the  first  law  of  nature. 
Brother  druggists,  the  one  plan  that  I  have  found  to  be  the 
most  successful  is  that  each  of  us  knows  that  most  active 
physicians  have  some  pet  formulas  or  combinations  of  drugs 
that  they  would  like  to  have  made  in  a  staple  preparation. 
After  you  once  gain  the  confidence  of  the  physicians  in  manu- 
facturing U.  S.  P.  and  N.  F.  products,  you  can,  from  time  to 
time,  get  tliese  ideas,  and  by  a  little  special  effort  on  your 
part,  you  can  work  these  formulas  out  into  satisafctory  prepa- 
ration, and  as  soon  as  the  physician  sees  it  he  will  begin  to 
use  it  as  his  own. 

Now  I  have  eight  or  ten  preparations  of  my  local  physi- 
cians that  they  use  most  every  day.  Some  might  say  that  the 
physician  might  think  he  should  have  a  commission  on  this 
business,  but  I  have  not  found  it  so;  I  would  not  countenance 
anything  of  this  kind,  for  I  believe  if  the  physician  is  given  a 
square  deal,  and  I  will  give  him  as  much  business  as  he  gives 
me,  tlie  deal  is  perfectly  square  to  each  of  us. 

These  preparations  that  I  have  made  from  the  formulas 
of  physicians  are  never  sold  except  on  prescriptions.  Many 
times  I  have  had  calls  over  the  counter  for  one  of  these  prepa- 
rations, stating  that  Dr.  A  had  prescribed  for  Mrs.  B ;  she 
told  me  that  it  was  just  the  medicine  for  my  trouble;  but  I 
always  inform  the  customer  that  the  preparation  is  a  private 
formula  of  Dr.  A  which  I  make  for  him,  and  that  I  can  not 
sell  it  without  the  consent  of  the  physician.  I  have  always 
found  that  this  makes  a  favorable  impression  upon  the  cus- 
tomer for  the  physician,  and  it  certainly  takes  well  with  the 
physician. 

Now,  gentlemen,  I  have  tried  to  outline  to  you  the  plans 
that  I  have  used  from  time  to  time,  and  the  results  of  these 
efforts  are  gratifying  when  you  consider  that  out  of  1,000 
prescriptions  fillecl  at  my  place  from  local  physicians  you  will 
find  the  proportion  of  the  prescriptions  as  follows: 
5%  Proprietaries. 
5%  Tablets  or  ready-made  pills. 

15%  Preparations  of  my  own  make,  not  U.  S.  P.  and  N.  F. 
25%  U.  S.  P.  and  N.   F.  preparations. 
50%   Chemicals  or   combinations   in   capsules,    conseals   or 
pills,  suppositories;  ointments,  or  lotions,  made  up  as  the  pre- 
scription  is  written. 

I  have  for  a  number  of  years  endeavored,  as  the  opportunity 
presented  itself,  to  impress  upon  the  minds  of  the  public  in 
my  locality  that  a  druggist  should  not  attempt  to  practice 
medicine,  as  he  lacked  the  necessary  training  by  education  or 
experience  to  diagno.se  or  treat  diseases,  yet  in  his  training  he 
was  compelled  in  a  manner  to  know  the  action  of  drugs  and 
the  doses,  but  he  was  entirely  without  his  sphere  when  at- 
tempting to  prescribe.  At  the  same  time,  I  have  endeavored  to 
impress  on  them  that  the  average  physician  is  not  trained  by 
practical  experience  or  school  training  to  practice  pharmacy, 
as  the  medical  college  does  not  attempt  to  teach  the  prepara- 
tion of  medicine,  but  only  the  application  of  it. 

I  have  explained  to  the  public  at  times  of  the  protection 
against  errors  in  combinations  as  well  as  dosage  that  an  honest 
pharmacist  endeavors  to  give  the  public,  yet  I  never  mention 
of  the  lives  I  might  have  saved  by  correcting  errors:  statements 
of  this  character  are,  to  say  the  least,  ver)'  unprofessional. 

I  have  conducted  this  self-imposed  campaign  until  today  I 
have  quite  a  number  of  people  who  will  not  employ  a  dis- 
pensing phy.sician  unless  he  will  write  a  prescription. 

I  do  not  think  I  am  encroaching  on  the  medical  profession 
when  I  say  to  the  public  that  when  a  busy  physician  spends 
his  time  dispensing  his  drugs  he  is  compelled  to  rely  on  the 
statements  of  the  manufacturer  or  on  the  label  of  the  prepara- 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


551 


tion  used,  for  it  is  impossible  for  him  to  familiarize  himself 
with  the  processes  necessary  to  prepare  remedies;  the  physi- 
cian who  applies  his  time  in  reading  and  studying  his  pro- 
fession instead  of  figuring  the  commercial  end  of  dispensing 
his  drugs,  is  better  qualified  to  practice  medicine  and  his  pa- 
trons will  get  better  service  in  the  manner  his  prescriptions 
are  prepared  if  they  will  insist  on  having  their  drugs  dis- 
pensed by  a  qualified  pharmacist. 

The  last  and  final  question  of  building  a  prescription  busi- 
ness is  your  charges.  Do  not  attempt  to  build  a  prescription 
business  with  low  charges  for  fear  you  will  allow  price  to 
interfere  with  the  quality.  I  have  a  reputation  of  charging 
high  prices,  but  I  have  yet  to  hear  that  I  have  made  a  repu- 
tation of  not  supplying  the  best  quality  of  drugs.  As  long  as 
this  reputation  remains  as  it  is,  I  am  satisfied  with  the  repu- 
tation I  have  in  my  locality;  and  while  I  may  not  reach  the 
volume  of  business,  I  believe  I  will  have  the  character  of 
business  that  will  remain  satisfactory.  I  am  sure  I  have 
never  over-charged  a  man,  considering  the  quality  of  service 
I  endeavored  to  give.  I  do  not  believe  in  the  idea  that  no 
prescription  should  be  filled  for  less  than  25  cents,  for  I  have 
always  made  it  a  rule  to  fill  small  prescriptions,  three  or  four 
capsules  of  any  ordinary  remedy,  for  10  cents,  believing  this 
alone  will  aid  prescription  building,  for  if  one  makes  a  charge 
of  not  less  than  25  cents  for  this  character  of  prescriptions, 
the  people  will  complain  until  the  practice  will  compel  physi- 
cians to  begin  giving  out  a  few  tablets,  and  if  you  are  not 
careful  this  will  lead  to  dispensing. 


Compensation  Insurance 

Within  the  last  five  years  various  states  have  enacted  laws 
providing  for  workmen's  compensation  in  case  of  injury 
incident  to  employment,  and  we  present  hcrevnth  a  synop- 
sis of  the  California  workmen's  compensation,  insurance 
and  safety  act  which  became  effective  on  January  1  last. 
This  synopsis,  taken  from  the  recently  issued  proceedings 
of  the  California  Pharmaceutical  Association,  has  been 
prepared  mth  particular  reference  to  the  application  of  the 
law  to  druggists  of  that  state,  and  many  of  the  points 
brought  out  are  common  to  all  legislation  of  this  character. 

Compensation 

THE  majority  of  the  laws  of  the  twenty-five  states  that 
have  provided  for  compensation  pay  to  the  injured  65 
per  cent  of  their  wages.  This  was  the  percentage  under 
the  Roseberry  law,  and  it  is  maintained  in  the  present  Cali- 
fornia statute. 

The  new  %vay  of  computing  compensation,  which  is  com- 
pulsory, excepting  for  agricultural  pursuits  and  household 
domestic  service,  is  based  on  the  nature  of  the  physical  injury 
or  disfigtirement,  the  occupation  of  the  employe,  and  his  age 
at  the  time  of  the  injury.  This  gives  some  men  more  money 
than  other  men,  according  to  the  schedule  based  on  the  three 
essentials  referred  to,  for  permanent  injuries.  In  addition, 
there  is  provision  for  pensions,  at  a  reduced  rate,  for  those  who 
are  permanently  and  seriously  hurt  and  who  are  unable  to 
follow  their  vocations.  In  order  to  meet  this  extra  cost,  which 
affects  very  few  men,  the  compensation  payments  do  not  be- 
gin until  two  weeks  after  disability.  The  Roseberry  law  pro- 
vided for  a  waiting  period  of  one  week.  It  is  believed  the 
addition  of  the  extra  week  will  pay  fully  for  the  pensions  of 
those  who  have  been  eliminated  from  the  industrial   field. 

In  ord<:r  to  receive  compensation,  injured  workers  must  have 
been  in  the  employment  and  the  accident  must  "arise  out  of 
and  in  the  course  of"  the  business.  Compensation  can  be  de- 
nied if  the  injured  person  was  intoxicated  or  guilty  of  wilful 
misconduct.  The  injured  must  accept  compensation,  and  only 
has  option  to  bring  suit  for  damages  when  the  employer  is 
personally  guilty  of  gross  negligence  or  wilful  misconduct,  or 
has  shown  a  wilful  disregard  of  the  life,  limb,  or  bodily  safety 
of  the  employe.  It  must  be  shown  that  the  employer  is  guilty 
of  these  offences.  It  is  impossible,  vmder  the  law,  to  hold  the 
employer  for  the  act  of  a  subordinate. 

A  casual  employe  is  one  who  is  employed  outside  of  "the 
usual  course  of  the  trade,  business,  profession  or  occupation 
of  his  employer,"  and  is  not  entitled  to  compensation  if  directly 
employed  unless  he  works  longer  than  one  week.  For  instance, 
a  man  who  is  hired  by  a  druggist  to  chop  wood  in  a  yard 
surrounding  his  house  would  be  considered  as  doing  work  apart 
from  the  drug  business  and  therefore  coming  under  the  title  of 


"casual  employe."  A  drug  clerk  who  is  employed  for  a  day 
is  not  a  casual  employe,  because  he  does  work  within  the  line 
of  the  employer's  business. 

The  death  benefit  is  the  equivalent  of  three  years'  annual 
earnings,  not  less  than  $1,000  and  not  more  than  $5,000.  If 
there  are  no  dependents,  then  all  that  is  required  from  the 
employer  is  the  payment  of  funeral  expenses,  not  to  exceed 
?100. 

Medical   Treatment 

The  compensation  law  requires  full  medical  and  surgical 
attention  for  injured  wage  earners  for  the  first  ninety  days. 
The  theory  of  this  section  is  that  compensation  may  be  saved 
if  the  injured  person  can  be  restored  to  efficiency  as  speedily 
as  possible,  and,  outside  of  that,  there  is  the  humanitarian 
viewpoint  that  considers  each  man  or  woman  engaged  in  in- 
dustry as  a  national  asset. 

The  law  makes  it  obligatory  upon  the  employer,  or  the  in- 
surance company  representing  the  employer,  to  furnish  such 
medical,  surgical  and  hospital  treatment,  including  nursing, 
medicines,  medical  and  surgical  supplies,  crutches  and  appara- 
tus, as  may  be  reasonably  required  at  the  time  of  the  injury 
and  within  ninety  days  thereafter.  If  the  employer,  or  the 
insurance  company,  neglects  or  refuses  seasonably  to  provide 
this  attention  to  the  injured,  then  it  is  possible  for  the  em- 
ploye to  secure  the  necessary  care  and  charge  it  to  the  em- 
ployer or  insurance  company. 

Insurance 

Important  indeed  is  the  State  Compensation  Fund.  The 
only  practicable  way  for  employers  to  protect  themselves  and 
to  add  the  cost  to  the  business  is  by  carrying  insurance.  Re- 
alizing this,  there  are  provided  four  methods:  first,  the  State 
Compensation  Insurance  Fund;  second,  the  regular  insurance 
companies  selling  compensation  coverage;  third,  mutual  or  in- 
terinsurance  companies;  fourth,  the  employer  to  carry  the  risk 
himself.  These  methods  are  optional.  The  object  of  the  State 
Compensation  Insurance  Fund  is  to  sell  coverage  at  a  fair  rate 
that  will  make  sure  that  the  injured  men  and  women  receive 
all  that  the  law  calls  for,  and  will  abo  have  the  advantage  of 
reasonable  cost  for  employers. 

Insurance  rates  are  based  on  not  only  the  hazard  of  the 
industry,  but  the  way  that  plants  are  safeguarded.  The  em- 
ployer who  installs  all  the  protective  devices  possible,  who 
places  safety  rails  at  the  head  of  openings  in  floors  and  who 
takes  all  the  numerous  other  precautions  that  are  not  only  ad- 
visable but  necessary,  will  be  charged  a  lower  rate  than  will 
the  man  who  is  careless  in  these  respects.  This  means  that 
there  will  be  a  premium  for  the  careful  and  humane  employer, 
and  the  cost  of  his  installations  for  the  protection  of  his  em- 
ployees will  be  repaid  by  the  lower  rates  charged.  The  in- 
different employer  who  is  neglectful  will  have  to  pay  a  higher 
price  for  his  insurance.  As  premiums  are  always  based  on 
the  hazard  of  the  industr>-,  the  prime  object  is  to  prevent  all 
the  deaths  and  all  the  injuries  possible.  This  action  is  good 
for  the  nation,  for  the  State,  and  it  certainly  should  appeal  to 
every  man  and  woman,   regardless  of  relations  in  industry. 

Any  employer  who   is  insured   in  a   reliable   insurance   com- 
pany   can    be   entirely    relieved,    by   a    process   of   substitution, 
from  all  responsibility  for  payments,  regardless  of  how  many 
deaths  or  injuries  take  place  under   the  policy. 
Insurance  Rates 

The  standard  corporate  casualty  companies  and  the  State 
Compensation  Fund  (California)  write  unlimited  compensation 
insurance  covering  druggists  at  the  following  rates :  Wholesale 
drug  stores,  including  all  store  employes.  52c  per  each  $100 
of  payroll;  retail  drug  stores,  35c  per  each  $100  of  payroll; 
drug  manufacturers  (grinding  medicine),  $1  05  pt-r  each  $100 
of  payroll.  In  connection  with  each  of  these  classifications, 
the  rate  applicable  to  the  employes  whose  duties  are  strictly  in 
connection  with  clerical  office  work  is  16  cents  per  $100  of 
payroll.  For  salesmen,  messengers  and  collectors,  using  pub- 
lic^ vehicles  only,  the  rate  is  21  cents  per  $100  of  payroll.  For 
drivers  of  teams,  and  salesmen,  messengers  and  collectors, 
using  teams  or  automobiles,  the  rate  is  $1.50  per  $100  of  pay- 
roll. For  drivers  of  commercial  type  autos,  the  rate  is  $2  for 
each  $100  of  payroll. 


Hair  Tonic 

Fluide.xtract  of  jaborandi   1  fl.  ounce 

Tincture  of  cantharides i/^  fl.  ounce 

Soap   liniment    li^  fl.  ounces 

Mix.     Rub  on  the  scalp  daily. 


552 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[December.   1914 


Medicinal  Plant  Gardens 


DR.    W.    W.    STOCKBERGEB, 


Physiologist  in  Charge  of  Drug-Plant  and  Poisonous-Plant  In- 
vestigations, Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,   United  States 
Department  of  Agriculture 

IT  is  not  my  intention  in  this  paper  to  present  a  descriptive 
account  of  Medicinal  Plant  Gardens  in  general,  or  even  to 
discuss  the  more  important  ones  of  this  countrj-,  except  in 
so  far  as  reference  to  them  may  be  necessary  by  way  of  illustra- 
tion. I  shall  endeavor,  however,  to  point  out  what  to  me  appear 
to  be  some  popular  misconceptions  concerning  the  scope  and 
function  of  such  gardens,  and  to  suggest  how  they  may  be 
made  to  increase  their  usefulness  to  materia  medica  and 
pharmacognosy. 

For  the  purpose  of  this  discussion  Medicinal  Plant  Gardens 
may  be  regarded  as  falling  imder  one  of  two  general  classes,  the 
first  being  pedagogic,  the  second  industrial.  The  pedagogic 
garden  is  naturally  an  adjunct  of  a  school  of  pharmacj',  or  of  a 
Botanic  Garden.  Its  scope  includes  all  medicinal  plants  that 
are  adapted  to  existing  soil  and  climatic  conditions,  supplement- 
ed by  greenhouse  facilities.  Its  function  is  to  familiarize 
students  with  the  habit  and  appearance  of  the  entire  living 
plant,  some  part  of  which  is  used  as  a  plant  drug,  to  supply 
the  need  for  authentic  specimens  for  observations  and  demon- 
stration in  the  class-room,  and  to  furnish  materials  for  research 
work  on  the  morphoIog>'  and  chemical  constituents  of  drug 
plants.  Necessarily  it  will  be  found  desirable  to  grow  a  large 
number  of  species  in  this  tjpe  of  garden,  but,  owing  to  the 
cost  of  maintenance,  the  space  which  can  be  devoted  to  any 
one  species  will  be  very  small. 

The  industrial  garden,  on  the  other  hand,  is  an  adjunct  of 
public  or  private  enterprises,  the  object  of  which  is  to  give 
additional  information  concerning  our  agricultural  resources. 
Its  scope  is  the  same  as  that  of  the  pedagogic  garden,  but  it 
differs  very  materially  in  function  which  is  to  serve  for  the 
determination  of  the  adaptability  of  medicinal  plants,  not  only 
to  soil  and  climatic_,conditions,  but  to  economic  conditions  as 
well.  In  the  industrial  garden,  a  large  number  of  species  will 
be  tested  on  a  small  scale  to  determine  whether  the  soil  and 
climate  are  smtable  for  their  growth,  then  the  few  promising 
ones  must  be  tried  out  on  an  area  large  enough  to  yield  re- 
liable data  on  the  actual  conditions  of  commercial  production. 
A  considerable  acreage  of  land  is  indispensable  for  this  type  of 
garden,  if  the  results  secured  therein  are  expected  to  have  much 
economic  significance. 

There  is  no  lack  of  evidence  that  the  general  public  often,  if 
not  as  a  rule,  faib  to  differentiate  the  functions  of  the  peda- 
gogic and  industrial  gardens,  since  adWce  is  freely  sought  from 
both  regarding  the  production  of  medicinal  plants  for  the  sole 
purpose  of  deri\'ing  profit  therefrom.  It  is  also  an  open  ques- 
tion whether  this  distinction  in  function  is  in  every  case 
clearly  tmderstood  by  those  responsible  for  the  management  of 
medicinal  plant  gardens.  Statements  sometimes  unguarded,  or 
not  properly  qualified,  and  sometimes  based  upon  inconclusive 
and  insufficient  data,  have  on  several  occasions  inspired  the 
imagination  of  writers  for  the  popular  magazines  or  daily  press, 
and,  as  a  result  visions  of  large  and  easy  profits  have  been 
portrayed  under  various  alluring  titles,  as,  for  example,  "Big 
Profit  from  Drug  Weeds,"  "The  Herb  Grower  Has  a  Chance 
at  an  518,000,000  Business,"  "A  Profit  of  One  Hundred  Dol- 
lars Per  .\cre  from  Growing  iledicinal  Weeds."  Moreover,  the 
wide-spread  interest  in  the  possibility  of  growing  medicinal 
plants  for  profit,  which  has  been  developed  in  this  coimtry 
during  the  past  decade  has  been  capitalized  by  a  number  of 
craft}-  promoters,  who  use  the  mails  and  the  columns  of  jour- 
nals and  magazines  to  disseminate  flamboyant  advertisements 
of  the  enormous  profits  which  may  be  made  by  growing  certain 
medicinal  plants.  FrequenUy,  the  name  of  the  plant  is  with- 
held until  the  \-ictim  has  remitted  from  one  to  five  dollars,  for 
which  he  receives  practically  valueless  instructions  for  the 
cultivation  of  some  plant  poorly  adapted  to  our  economic  con- 
ditions. A  typical  get-rich-quick  scheme,  of  this  class,  is  ex- 
plained thus:  "It  has  to  do  with  a  certain  plant  which  grows 
like  a  weed;  it  is  cut  and  cured  like  hay  and  sells  for  43  cents 
per  pound,  which  is  at  the  rate  of  S900  per  ton."  The  invest- 
ment of  one  dollar  brings  the  name  of  the  herb  with  the  further 


*Read  before  the  Scientific  Section  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.  Detroit 
meeting  1914. 


information  that  the  product  of  one  acre  will  sell  for  $1,800! 
As  a  matter  of  fact  the  commercial  cultivation  of  this  plant  is 
almost  unknown  in  the  United  States,  and  there  is  yet  no 
established  market  for  the  American  product. 

These  illustrations  will  account  for  the  doubt  which  has 
arisen  in  my  mind  as  to  the  propriety  of  purely  pedagogic  gar- 
dens being  used  as  a  basis  for  generalizing  on  the  question  of 
drug  growing  for  profit.  In  agricultural  experimentation,  it 
is  well  recognized  that  the  results  from  small  trial  plots  must 
be  interpreted  with  due  regard  for  the  large  factor  of  error, 
which  is  always  present  With  proper  care  and  attention,  it 
is  relatively  easy  to  grow  a  luxuriant  crop  of  any  one  of  a 
number  of  drug  plants  on  a  square  rod  of  good  garden  soil 
but  what  can  be  done  under  ordinary  agricultural  conditions 
on  one  or  more  acres  can  not  be  calculated  therefrom  by  "a 
simple  sum  in  arithmetic,"  as  one  writer  has  naively  said. 

There  are  numerous  well  authenticated  instances  in  which 
the  production  of  some  medicinal  plant  has  resulted  in  a  fair 
profit,  but  there  is  yet  no  evidence  at  hand  to  justify  the 
belief  that  satisfactory  results  can  be  secured  without  some 
practical  experience  in  gardening,  some  knowledge  of  the  re- 
quirements of  crude  drugs  and  due  regard  for  economic  con- 
ditions. 

Every  pharmacist  and  physician  is  or  should  be  interested 
in  obtaining  crude  drugs  of  highest  quality  and  standard  effi- 
ciency, but  material  progress  toward  the  attainment  of  this 
end  will  not  be  favored  by  encovu-aging  a  large  number  of  per- 
sons to  become  small  producers.  The  result  of  small  individual 
collections  var>'ing  widely  as  to  time,  place  and  method  of 
gathering  is  seen  in  the  miscellaneous  aggregates  all  too  fre- 
quently found  in  our  crude  drug  markets,  and  unless  a  per- 
petuation of  this  condition  is  desirable,  litUe  encouragement 
should  be  given  to  the  suggestion  that  whoever  has  a  small 
back  yard  available  may  become  a  producer  of  plant  drugs. 

The  educational  opportunity  open  to  the  pedagogic  gardens 
is  almost  limitless.  The  dissemination  of  knowledge  to  count- 
less individuals  not  having  access  to  the  garden  itself  regarding 
the  history,  geographic  distribution,  methods  of  preparation 
and  uses  of  crude  drugs  may  be  accomplished  through  illus- 
trated lectures  and  carefully  prepared  articles  written  for  the 
less  technical  periodicals.  Such  misconceptions  as,  for  exam- 
ple, that  the  production  of  ipecac  in  New  England  and  vanilla 
beans  in  Iowa  is  a  commercial  possibility,  or  that  stramonium 
is  produced  by  a  "melon  weed"  are  all  too  prevalent,  and 
should  be  corrected.  But  educational  work  along  this  line 
deserves  little  tolerance  unless  inspired  by  some  motive  more 
commendable  than  that  of  merely  arousing  interest  in  growing 
drug  plants,  otherwise  the  whole  movement  will  sooner  or 
later  be  discredited.  RecenUy  a  reputable  pharmaceutical 
journal  published  an  article  in  which  the  writer  set  forth  at 
some  length  the  possibilities  for  the  commercial  production  of 
a  certain  drug  plant  in  the  southwest.  A  request  for  further 
information  brought  forth  from  this  writer  the  astounding 
statement  that  he  had  no  personal  knowledge  of  conditions 
in  the  southwest,  but,  having  grown  this  plant  in  one  of  the 
northern  States,  he  saw  no  reason  why  it  should  not  be 
profitably  grown  in  the  southwest  "on  rocky  and  otherwise  un- 
profitable land,  on  hillsides  or  arid  desert  soil "  In  this  case, 
the  motive  w-as  evidently  merely  the  arousing  of  interest,  and 
the  writer  mentioned  displayed  a  fine  disregard  for  the  prac- 
tical difficulties  attending  the  growing  of  the  plant  in  question 
which  sharply  localize  the  areas  on  which  it  may  be  economic- 
ally produced. 

The  time  is  certainly  ripe  for  injecting  into  discussions  and 
recommendations  regarding  the  cultivation  of  medicinal  plants 
some  of  the  sanity  and  discrimination  which  characterize  con- 
servative business  operations.  Such  a  course  is  necessary  if 
the  interest  already  aroused  is  to  be  retained  and  directed 
along  lines  productive  of  beneficial  results.  It  should  be  re- 
membered that  the  expense  of  agricultural  operation  varies 
widely  according  to  location.  In  some  localities,  the  ouUay  for 
farm  labor  will  be  three  and  one-half  times  as  much  as  in 
others.  Sometimes  we  find  a  low  expense  for  labor  associated 
with  a  heavy  outlay  for  fertilizers,  sometimes  heavy  e.xpense 
for  both  labor  and  fertilizers,  and,  again,  low  expense  for  both. 
The  complications  introduced  by  these  factors  alone  render  it 
practically  impossible  to  make  any  safe  general  statement  as 
to  the  profitableness  of  drug  growing.  Furthermore,  two  lo- 
calities separated  by  a  distance  of  less  than  fifty  miles  may 
present  a  totality  of  conditions  so  different  that  a  drug-grow- 
ing enterprise  which  could  probably  be  conducted  at  a  profit 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


553 


in  the  one  would  with  equal  probability  fail  absolutely  in 
the  other. 

I  do  not  wish  to  be  understood  as  taking  the  position  that 
there  is  no  opportunity  in  the  cultivation  of  medicinal  plants, 
for  I  have  abundant  evidence  that  given  the  necessary  favor- 
able conditions  a  fair  return  may  be  expected  from  several 
drug  crops.  On  the  other  hand,  I  also  have  abundant  evidence 
that  hundreds  of  persons  have  received  the  impression  that 
•drug  crops  can  be  grown  by  anybody  anywhere  at  a  profit  far 
in  e.xcess  of  that  to  be  obtained  from  ordinary  cultivated  crops. 
I  am  convinced  that  in  some  cases  optimism  and  enthusiasm 
have  been  allowed  to  outrun  common  sense,  but  if  in  the  fu- 
ture due  consideration  is  given  to  the  fundamental  principles 
of  agricultural  economics,  I  believe  that  a  rational  attitude 
toward  commercial  drug  plant  cultivation   may   be  developed. 

The  founders  of  the  several  excellent  pedagogic  garden's 
which  are  now  maintained  in  connection  with  certain  schools 
of  pharmacy  have  inaugurated  a  movement  which  promises 
much  for  the  future  of  materia  medica  and  pharmacognosy. 
It  is  sincerely  to  be  hoped  that  tlieir  example  will  lead  to  the 
establishment  of  such  gardens  in  connection  with  each  of  the 
75  or  more  schools  of  pharmacy  in  the  United  States,  and  to 
an  extension  of  the  scientific  study  of  medicinal  plants.  The 
problems  demanding  attention  are  very  numerous,  but  some 
of  tlie  lines  of  study  and  investigation  which  need  to  be  empha- 
sized are  those  concerning  the  adaptation  and  acclimatization 
of  medicinal  plants,  the  conditions  under  which  the  active 
principles  of  plants  are  formed,  and  the  behavior  of  the  plants 
themselves  under  varying  conditions  of  climate  and  culture. 
Moreover,  the  selection  and  breeding  of  medicinal  plants  not 
only  promises  to  yield  results  of  great  practical  importance, 
but  also  affords  a   field   for  the  widest   scientific  activity. 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  at  present  there  is  no  satisfactory 
way  in  which  the  investigations  being  made  upon  medicinal 
plants  in  different  sections  of  this  country  can  be  properly 
correlated  and  reduced  to  form  for  definite  comparison.  Es- 
pecially desirable  is  a  practicable  basis  of  -correlation  for 
studies  of  the  variation  in  plant  constituents  due  in  part,  at 
least,  to  differences  in  geographical  location.  When  two  more 
or  less  widely  separated  workers  attempt  to  compare  the  re- 
sults of  their  studies,  it  frequently  happens  that  they  experience 
the  greatest  difficulty  in  harmonizing  their  results.  This  is 
due  in  part  to  differences  in  the  response  which  plants  make 
when  under  different  environmental  conditions,  in  part,  prob- 
ably, to  variations  in  the  method  of  procedure  followed  in  the 
cultivation,  curing  and  analysis  of  the  plant,  and  in  part,  no 
doubt,  to  differences  in  the  genetic  relationship  of  the  plants 
studied  by   the  respective  investigators. 

There  seems  to  be  an  opportunity  for  some  arrangement  or 
mutual  agreement  between  the  representatives  of  our  various 
medicinal  plant  gardens,  under  the  terms  of  which,  multiplicate 
samples  of  seeds  or  plants  of  common  parentage  could  be  dis- 
tributed for  the  production  of  plants  to  be  used  e.xperimentally. 
If  under  such  an  agreement,  uniformity  of  treatment,  through- 
out the  processes  of  culture,  curing  and  analysis  could  be  se- 
cured, comparison  of  results  would  be  much  more  profitable 
than  at  present,  and  the  tabulation  and  summarizing  of  the 
results  of  experimental  work  conducted  along  the  lines  indi- 
cated in  a  number  of  localities  would  permit  the  drawing  of 
conclusions  having  a  significance  far  greater  than  those  that 
■can  be  reached  by  a  single  isolated  worker.  The  suggestions 
here  offered,  contemplate  nothing  like  a  general  co-operative 
investigation,  but  rather  the  adoption  of  what  might  be  regard- 
ed as  a  standard  method  of  procedure  analogous  to  official 
methods  of  analysis,  etc.  The  tabulation  and  summarizing  of 
results  might  well  follow  individual  publication,  as  no  other 
course  is  likely  to  give  satisfaction. 

In  conclusion,  I  wish  to  say  that  the  resources  of  the  ex- 
perimental drug  gardens  of  the  Office  of  Drug-Plant  Investi- 
gations, Bureau  of  Plant  Industry,  are  open  to  anj'  school  of 
pharmacy  desirous  of  starting  a  medicinal  plant  garden,  as 
are  also  the  facilities  of  that  Office  for  effecting  the  distribu- 
tion of  material  for  experimental  purposes,  and  for  furthering 
the  collection  and  compilation  of  data  on  the  cultivation  of 
medicinal  plants  under  great  diversity  in  conditions  of  growth. 


Jottings  from  Great  Britain 

By  our  London  Correspondent. 


Effect  of  the  War  on  the  Drug  Trade 

THE  war  has  now  been  in  progress  for  more  than  three 
months  and  still  remains  the  sole  topic  of  conversation; 
nevertheless  business  has  more  or  less  settled  down  to  the 
new  conditions  and  has  assumed  a  more  normal  aspect.  As  a 
matter  of  fact,  pharmacy  has  never  been  vastly  affected  by  the 
war  except  that  prices  of  drags  have  been  so  much  higher  and 
the  demand  for  fancy  articles  very  much  less.  In  many  cases 
prices  have  receded  from  the  high  figures  to  which  they  jumped 
immediately  after  the  war  began,  but  in  other  cases  they  have 
continued  to  advance  although  not  in  any  violent  way.  Ger- 
man synthetic  drugs  are  getting  rather  scarcer,  but  there  does 
not  appear  to  be  any  likelihood  of  a  famine;  in  fact  there 
seems  to  have  been  a  sufficient  stock  in  this  country  to  enable 
British  drug  merchants  to  send  small  supplies  to  France,  Ser- 
via  and  Russia,  special  permits  having  been  obtained  from 
the  Government,  notwithstanding  the  proclamation  prohibiting 
the  export  of  such  drugs. 

English  drug  houses  are  now  manufacturing  some  of  the 
drugs  which  have  hitherto  been  obtained  from  Germany  but 
with  the  exception  of  acetyl  salicylic  acid  and  one  or  two 
others,  this  does  not  apply  to  synthetics,  altliough  I  believe 
that  several  manufacturers  have  nearly  completed  their  ar- 
rangements for  making  other  synthetics.  A  firm  which  has 
shown  considerable  enterprise  and  ability  in  meeting  the  new 
situation  is,  you  will  be  interested  to  learn,  that  of  Burroughs, 
Wellcome  &  Co.  This  firm  is  selling  cocaine  hydrochloride 
of  their  own  production  and  have  been  granted  the  right  to 
work  the  patent  processes  for  the  manufacture  of  Salvarsan 
notwithstanding  that  the  English  factory  of  Meister,  Lucius  & 
Bruning  is  to  be  carried  on  under  the  supervision  of  an  Eng- 
lish controller  appointed  by  the  Board  of  Trade.  So  far,  how- 
ever, very  few  of  the  applications  for  licenses  to  use  German 
patents  and  trade  marks  have'  been  granted,  but  the  word 
"lysol"  which  has  hitherto  been  the  property  of  Schuelke  & 
Mayr,  of  Hamburg,  is  for  the  time  being  to  be  e.xpunged  from 
the   register  so   that  anyone   may   use   it. 

Eetirement   of   Dr.   F.    B.   Power 

The  many  English  friends  of  Dr.«F.  B.  Power  have  learned 
with  regret  that  early  in  December  he  intends  to  leave  this 
country  having  retired  from  the  Directorship  of  the  Wellcome 
Research  Laboratories  in  London,  a  position  he  has  held  for 
eighteen  years.  Dr.  Power,  who  is  returning  to  the  United 
States,  will  be  succeeded  by  Dr.  Frank  L.  Pyman. 
Cultivation    of    Medicinal    Plants    in    Great    Britain 

The  Board  of  Agriculture  is  endeavoring  to  encourage  the 
cultivation  of  medicinal  plants  in  this  country,  and  with  that 
object,  has  issued  a  pamphlet  showing  how  largely  dependent 
we  are  on  the  continent  of  Europe  fo."^  our  supply  of  such 
drugs.  The  pamphlet  explains  the  best  methods  of  cultivating 
and  collecting  such  plants  as  belladonna,  chamomile,  aconite, 
henbane,  valerian,  digitalis,  dandelion,  etc.,  and  also  the  best 
method  of  marketing  them.  Hitherto  the  English  cultivator  of 
these  plants  has  not  found  the  practice  a  very  profitable  one, 
but  with  supplies  from  Germany  and  Austria-Hungary  cut  off, 
there  is  even  room  for  the  small  producer. 


Pile  Ointment 

Powdered   galls    2  drams 

Powdered   opium     30  grains 

Purified    lard    1  ounce 

Mix.     Apply  as  necessary. 


Raspberry    Cough    Syrup 

Wine  of  ipecac 1  ounce 

Wine  of  antimony   y^  ounce 

O.xymel    of   squill    2  ounces 

Syrup  of  tolu   2  ounces 

Concentrated  infusion  of  senega   4  ounces 

Glycerin     5  ounces 

Mucilage  of  acacia    2}^  ounces 

Raspberry  vinegar,  enough  to  make 20  ounces 

Mix.     .\dult  dose,  one  to  two  teaspoonfuls  in  water. 

Cold  and  Influenza  Mixture 

Sodium  salicylate    2  drams 

Potassium    bromide    ' 2  drams 

Ciiuiamon  water   2  ounces 

Compound   tincture   of   cardamom 2  drams 

Chloroform  water,  enough  to  make 8  ounces 

Mix.     Adult  dose,  one  teaspoonful  every  4  hours. 


554 


THE   PHARiMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


Perfume  for  Spraying  in  a  Shop 
The  editor  of  the  London  Pharmaceutical  Journal,  in  answer 
to  a  querist  who  asks  for  a  formula  under  the  above  title,  hesi- 
tates to  suggest  seriously  a  suitable  perfume.  For  perfuming 
any  other  kind  of  a  shop  than  a  pharmacy  he  suggests  the 
following,  which  is  a  formula  for  toilet  vinegar,  the  odor  of 
which  is  pleasant  under  almost  any  conditions:  Oil  of  ber- 
gamot,  4S  minims;  oil  of  cassia,  10  minims;  oil  of  cloves,  30 
minims;  oil  of  lavender,  20  minims;  oil  of  lemon,  48  minims; 
tincture  of  balsam  of  tolu,  96  minims;  tincture  of  benzoin, 
2  fl.  ounces;  alcohol,  10  fl.  ounces;  acetic  acid,  ZYz  &.  ounces; 
distilled  water  to  20  ounces.  This  may  be  sprayed  as  it  is  or 
diluted  with  water.  A  French  idea  for  perfuming  the  air  is 
based  on  tlie  fact,  so  it  is  stated,  that  powdered  o.xalic  acid 
absorbs  large  quantities  of  the  fragrant  essences  and  retains 
the  odors.  The  o.\alic  acid  thus  treated  is  divided  into  pow- 
ders, each  one  being  accompanied  with  a  powder  of  sodium 
bicarbonate.  When  both  powders  are  placed  in  a  glass  of 
water  the  fragrant  constituents  of  the  essences  are  driven  off 
with  the  carbon  dioxide,  and  are  thus  distributed  about  the 
room.  Although  the  poisonous  o.xalic  acid  can  be  replaced 
by  citric  or  tartaric  acid,  the  first-named  is  said  to  ser\'e  the 
purpose  best. 

Ointment   of   Rose   Water    (B.   P.) 

Rose   water    5  ounces 

White  beeswax  ^]A  ounces 

Purified   bora-x    Yi  ounce 

.\lmond  oil    (by  weight)    15 J4  ounces 

Oil  of  rose 12  minims 

Astringent  Tooth.  Powder 

Powdered  cinchona   bark 2  ounces 

Ammonium  chloride   Vz  ounce 

Orris  root   1  ounce 

Catechu    6  drams 

Myrrh     6  drams 

Oil  of  cloves .• 5  drops 

Powder  each  of  the  drug  ingredients,  then  mix  and  sift. 
Witch  Hazel  Toilet  Cream 

Paraffin     150  parts 

White     wax 160  parts 

White  paraffin   oil 890  parts 

Sodium     perborate 6  parts 

Perfume,  enough  to  suit. 
Melt  the  paraffin  and  wax  at  the  lowest  possible  heat,  then 
add  the  paraffin  oil,  continue  with  gentle  heat,  constantly  stir- 
ring. Add  the  sodium  perborate  to  the  water,  previously 
warmed,  then  add  to  this  the  wax  solution  in  a  continuous 
stream;  while  cooling,  add  the  perfume. 

Corn   and   Wart   Remover 

Lactic    acid 1  part 

Salicylic    acid 1  part 

Collodion    8  parts 

Mix.  Paint  the  com  or  warts  3  times  daily  for  two  or  three 
days. 

Compound  Powder  of  Tragacanth 

Tragacanth,   in   powder 15  grams 

Gum  acacia,   in  powder 20  grams 

Starch,    in   powder 20  grams 

Refined   sugar,    in   powder 45  grams 

Mix  the  powders  intimately.  This  is  the  official  formula  of 
the  new  B.  P.  The  powder  is  used  as  a  suspending  and 
emulsifying  agent. 

Compound    Stramonium    Powder 

Stramonium   leaves,    in  powder 50  grams 

Lobelia,    in    powder 6  gra.ns 

Anise   fruit,   in  powder 12  grams 

Tea  leaves,  in  powder » 6  grams 

Oil    of    eucalyptus 1  gram 

Potassium  nitrate,  enough  to  make 100  grams 

Mix  the  oil  with  the  powders,  adding  the  potassium  nitrate 
last.  This  powder  is  used  several  tiroes  daily  for  asthma. 
About  a  half  a  teaspoonful  is  pressed  by  the  fingers  into  the 


shape  of  a  cone,  which  is  then  lighted  at  the  top;  the  patient 
inhales  the  fumes  as  tlie  powder  bums. 

Metal   Polishing   Cream 

Prepared  chalk  4  ounces 

Powdered    soap   Yt  ounce 

Kieselguhr     1  ounce 

Ammonia    water    6  ounces 

Spirit   of  rosemary 2  drams 

Mix. 

Celluloid  Corn  Remedy 

Celluloid     5  parts 

Camphor     5  parts 

Salicylic    acid    5  parts 

Amyl  acetate   25  parts 

.Acetone     25  parts 

The  celluloid  must  be  of  the  clear  variety  such  as  is  sold  for 
making  celluloid  varnishes;  it  can  be  obtained  in  thin  sheets 
from  photographic  dealers.  Cut  the  celluloid  into  small  pieces 
and  macerate  with  the  amyl  acetate  in  a  tightly  stoppered 
wide-mouthed  bottle.  Dissolve  the  camphor  and  salicylic  acid 
in  the  acetone  and  add  the  amyl  acetone  mixture  and  macerate 
for  several  days,  shaking  at  intervals.  When  the  celluloid  is 
dissolved,  the  mixture  is  ready  for  bottling;  it  should  be  a 
clear  syrupy  liquid.  Balsam  of  fir  or  castor  oil  in  small  pro- 
portion will  make  the  film  more  flexible.  This  mi.xture  is  very 
inflammable  and  must  be  kept  away  from  an  open  flame. 
Flavoring  Paste 
(Imitation  Vanilla 

Vanillin     10  parts 

Coumarin   1   part 

Gum   tragacanth    2  parts 

Powdered  sugar    2  parts 

Glycerin, 
Water, 

Starch,  of  each,  sufficient  to  make  a  paste. 
Triturate  the  vanillin  and  coumarin  with  the  powdered 
sugar  and  glycerin,  and  add  sufficient  water  to  make  a  thick 
syrupy  mixture.  Dissolve  the  gum  tragacanth  in  hot  water 
after  it  has  been  softened  by  soaking  in  cold  water  for  a  few 
hours,  evaporate  the  solution  (if  necessary)  to  a  thick  muci- 
lage, add  the  vanillin  mixture  and  stir  in  sufficient  starch  to 
make  a  paste  of  the  desired  consistency.  The  glycerin  is  used 
to  keep  the  paste  soft.     For  use  in  collapsible  tubes. 

Eczema  Ointment 

Resorcin    280  grains 

Water    280  minims 

Bismuth   subnitrate    280  grains 

Zinc   oxide    280  grains 

Prepared  calamine    120  grains 

Birch  tar  oil    140  minims 

Lanolin      19  drams 

Soft  paraffin,  enough  to  make 8  ounces 

Triturate  the  resorcin,  bismuth  subnitrate,  zinc  oxide  and  ca- 
lamine with  the  lanolin  until  a  perfectly  smooth  mixture  is 
obtained.  Then  gradually  incorporate  the  soft  paraffin  pre- 
viously mixed  with   the  birch  tar  oil. 

Stearin   Soap    (German) 

Sodium   carbonate    56  parts 

Water    300  parts 

Heat  on  a  water-bath ;  add  gradually —        " 

Melted  stearic   acid    100  parts 

Heat  for  half  an  hour,  stirring  the  while;   add— 

Alcohol    (90  per  cent)    10  parts 

Continue  the  heat  until  a  transparent,  water-soluble  paste 
has  formed;  then  add  a  filtered  solution  of 

Sodium    chloride    25  parts 

Crude  sodium  carbonate    3  parts 

Water    80  parts 

Continue  to  heat  imtil  the  soap  has  completely  separated. 
When  cold,  wash  the  soap  several  times  with  a  small  quantity 
of  water,  press  strongly,  cut,  dry,  and  reduce  to  fine  powder. 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


555 


FROM  EUROPEAN  LABORATORIES 


Poppy    Alkaloids    Not    Secretions — Determination    of 
Saccharin — Poisoning'  by  Phenolphthalein — Tox- 
icity  of   Wood  Alcohol 

ALTHOUGH  somewhat  reduced  in  size,  the  pharmaceuti- 
cal journals  from  abroad  continue  to  hold  a  wealth  of 
new  material,  and  the  reports  of  the  peaceful  activities 
of  our  colleagues  in  the  w-ar-stricken  countries  form  a  wel- 
come contrast  to  the  press  dispatches.  Among  this  month's 
abstracts  we  present  a  number  of  analytical  methods.  A  strange 
case  of  poisoning  by  phenolphthalein  is  described  by  Roux 
The  toxicity  of  methyl  alcohol,  always  in  the  public  mind,  is 
discussed  by  Kroeber.  An  interesting  article  by  a  French  phar- 
macy inspector  deals  with  the  proposed  limitation  of  the 
number  of  drug  stores  in  that  country.  Copenhagen  and 
other  Danish  cities  are  said  to  be  provided  with  "automat" 
pharmacies,   which   purvey  various  articles  after  closing  hours. 


Role   of  Alkaloids  in  the  Poppy — 

The  significance  of  alkaloids  in  the  economy  of  the  poppy 
plant  has  never  yet  been  fully  explained.  Great  progress  has 
been  made  in  the  analysis  of  the  structure  of  the  alkaloids 
themselves,  but  the  mode  of  their  formation  in  plants,  and 
their  importance  in  plant  life,  are  not  understood.  Accord- 
ingly. Miiller  has  studied  the  formation  of  alkaloids  in  the 
poppy  plant  in  a  quantitative  manner.  The  seeds  of  Papaver 
soninijerum  are  free  of  alkaloids.  The  latter  begin  to  be  formed 
about  14  days  after  germination.  Subsequently  an  increase  in 
the  proportion  of  alkaloids  occurs,  until  after  blossoming  the 
seeds  begin  to  lay  up  a  reserve  store  of  albumen.  The  increase 
is  not  regular,  but  depends  on  the  intensity  of  illumination  in 
which  the  plants  are  growing.  After  long  periods  of  cloudy 
weather  the  alkaloidal  content  may  be  reduced  to  mere  traces. 
With  maturity  of  the  seeds,  the  percentage  of  alkaloids  de- 
creases. In  plants  which  are  grown  from  that  time  on  in  the 
soil,  so  that  they  have  access  to  nitrogenous  matter,  alkaloids 
can  be  found  even  in  the  stalks  and  leaves,  and  in  amounts 
which  are  quantitatively  determinable.  But  if  the  plants  are 
cut  off  from  nitrogenous  food,  by  growing  them  in  nourishing 
solutions,  no  traces  of  alkaloid  are  to  be  found  in  the  herb,  and 
only  qualitative  traces  in  the  capsules.  From  these  facts  the 
author  concludes  that  the  poppy  alkaloids  at  the  time  of  ripen- 
ing of  the  seeds  are  used  to  build  up  albumen,  and  therefore 
are  not  specific  secretions.  (Miiller,  Arch.  Pharm.,  1914, 
p.  2S0.) 
Investigations  of  Siam  Benzoin — 

The  last  exact  studies  of  Siam  benzoin  were  those  of  Tschirch 
and  Liidy.  The  latter  found  that  Siam  benzoin  consisted  mainly 
of  a  mixture  of  two  esters  of  benzoic  acid,  the  alcohols  of  which 
were  designated  by  Tschirch  benzoresinol  and  siaresinotannol. 
Free  benzoic  acid,  vanillin,  and  a  small  amount  of  benzyl  or 
cinnamyl  benzoate  was  also  found.  Reinitzer  has  now  suc- 
ceeded in  isolating  a  new  colorless  cr.stalline  constituent,  the 
benzoate  of  a  hitherto  unknown  resin  alcohol,  called  by  the 
author  lubanol.  It  was  also  shown  thr,t  the  benzoresinol  is  not 
combined  with  benzoic  acid,  but  is  in  the  free  state.  Closer 
study  proved  that  the  benzoresinol  did  not  agree  in  its  proper- 
ties with  that  described  by  Li':dy.  Kcinitzer  therefore  concludes 
that  the  constituents  of  Siam  benzoin  are  benzoic  acid,  siaresi- 
nol,  and  lubanol  benzoate.  This  explains  the  crystalline  nature 
of  the  resin,  and  the  fact  that  it  is  milky  and  opaque.  The 
amorphous  outer  crust  is  due  to  subsequent  alterations.  (Rein- 
itzer.  Arch.  Pharm.,  1914,  p.  341.) 
Adulteration  in  Rhubarb — 

To  prove  the  presence  of  Rheuni  rhaponticum  in  Chinese 
rhubarb,  it  is  necessary  to  isolate  the  rhaponticin,  which  is  not 
contained  in  Rheum  chinensis.  Ten  g.  of  the  powdered  rhu- 
barb are  extracted  by  percolation  with  60  per  cent  alcohol, 
until  26  g.  of  extract  are  obtained,  which  is  evaporated  at 
80°  to  7  g.,  and  mixed  with  10  cc.  of  ether.  After  standing 
for  4  hours,  brownish  crystals  separate  from  the  mixture.  In 
a  mixture  of  75  per  cent  of  R.  rhaponticum  with  25  per  cent 
of  the  Chinese  drug,  the  separation  is  complete  after  24  hours, 


while  if  the  proportions  are  reversed,  several  days  are  required. 
Rhaponticin  forms  fine  needles,  insoluble  in  ether,  chloroform, 
or  petroleum  ether;  and  slightly  soluble  on  heating  in  acetone, 
or  alcohol.  It  is  colored  red  with  alkalies,  and  evolves  a  bitter 
almond  odor  with  diluted  nitric  acid.  (Juillet,  Ann.  Drog. 
Salle  &.  Co.,  1914,  p.  54.) 

New   Reaction  of  Cocaine — 

The  free  alkaloid  or  its  hydrochloride  when  heated  with  a 
few  drops  of  concentrated  sulphuric  acid  containing  2  per 
cent  of  hexamethylenetetramuie,  gives  a  wine-red  coloration, 
which  becomes  more  intense  as  the  temperature  rises.  After 
a  short  time  the  color  disappears  and  a  brownish-grey  sediment 
is  left.  The  reaction,  which  is  due  to  benzoic  acid,  and  is  not 
given  by  atropine,  quinine,  cinchonine,  morphine,  brucine, 
strychnine,  apomorphine,  codeine,  or  narcotine,  is  distinct  with 
1  mg.  of  cocaine.  Papaverine  under  similar  conditions  may 
also  give  a  wine-red  color,  which  changes  after  a  short  time  to 
yellow,  reddish-brown,  and  orange.  In  doubtful  cases  papaver- 
ine may  be  recognized  by  the  violet  color  it  gives  with  sul- 
phuric acid  alone.  (Pisani,  Annali,  Chim.  Appl.,  1914,  p.  51; 
through  J.  Soc.  Chem.  Ind.) 
Saccharin  in  Complex  Mixtures — 

In  the  case  of  solids,  from  10  to  50  g,  are  warmed  %vith  a 
sattirated  solution  of  magnesium  sulphate  and  magnesia  for 
half  an  hour  at  37-40°,  the  liquid  being  kept  alkaline  if  neces- 
sary by  the  addition  of  magnesia.  The  mixture  is  allowed  to 
stand,  and  a  small  amount  of  sodium  tannate  and  strong  alcohol 
may  be  used  to  make  the  insoluble  matter  settle  perfectly. 
Then  the  liquid  is  made  up  to  a  definite  volume  with  a  satu- 
rated solution  of  magnesium  sulphate  and  magnesia,  filtered, 
and  an  aliquot  part  is  acidified  strongly  with  sulphuric  acid, 
and  extracted  three  times  with  a  mixture  of  ether  and  low- 
boiling  petroleum  ether.  The  extract  is  then  filtered,  evapor- 
ated, the  residue  dissolved  in  sulphuric  acid,  and  oxidized  with 
potassium  permanganate,  the  solution  again  being  filtered  and 
extracted  %vith  freshly  distilled  ether.  This  extract  is  now  al- 
lowed to  evaporate  in  a  tared  dish,  the  residue  of  saccharin 
dried  in  a  desiccator,  weighed,  and  identified  by  suitable  tests. 
If  the  unknown  is  a  liquid,  saturate  it  with  magnesium  sul- 
phate, warmed  to  37-40°,  for  half  an  hour,  with  enough  mag- 
nesia to  give  a  distinct  alkaline  reaction.  Then  proceed  as 
above.  If  much  fat  is  present,  the  extraction  with  a  mixture 
of  ether  and  petroleum  ether  is  preceded  by  an  extraction  of 
the  alkaline  solution  with  petroleum  ether  boiling  about  100- 
120°.  (Condelli,  Annali  Chim.  Appl.,  1914,  p.  47;  through 
J.  Soc.  Chem.  Ind.) 
Essential  Oil  from  Cade — 

The  wood  of  the  cade,  Juniperus  oxycedrus,  yields  from  1.6 
to  3  per  cent  of  essential  oil,  which  can  be  used  as  a  substitute 
for  oil  of  cade  in  dermatology.  It  has  a  specific  gravity  of 
0.925,  and  a  rotation  of  — 31.42°.  The  boiling  point  is  between 
330°  and  360°,  and  the  oil  does  not  solidify  at  — 15°.  It  is 
slightly  soluble  in  water,  dissolves  readily  in  most  organic  sol- 
vents, and  can  take  up  large  amounts  of  sulphur,  menthol, 
salol,  etc.  (Huerre,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  Vol.  10,  p.  164.) 
Detection   of   Methyl   Alcohol — 

Brochet  and  Cambier  having  noted  that  formaldoxime  can 
be  split  into  hydrocyanic  acid  and  water,  Vivario  uses  the  reac- 
tion to  detect  methyl  alcohol  in  alcoholic  liquids,  and  finds  that 
in  the  presence  of  hydro.xylamine  hydrochloride  and  caustic 
potash,  methyl  alcohol  and  its  derivatives,  including  the  chlo- 
ride, iodide,  phosphate,  borate,  acetate,  and  especially  the  sul- 
phate, give  potassium  cyanide,  while  ethyl  alcohol,  acetaldehyde, 
acetone,  acetal,  and  amyl  alcohol  do  not.  The  reactions  of 
hydrocyanic  acid  being  well  characterized,  it  is  possible  to 
detect  less  than  10  per  cent  of  methyl  alcohol  by  this  method. 
The  alcoholic  liquid  is  brought  by  distillation  to  a  strength 
where  it  contains  about  80  per  cent  of  alcohols.  About  30  g. 
of  the  liquid  are  heated  in  a  little  flask  for  7  hours,  with  half 
its  weight  of  potassium  hydroxide,  and  a  thirtieth  of  hydro.xyl- 
amine hydrochloride,  with  a  few  fragments  of  pipe  stem.  After 
cooling,  dilute  with  water,  add  a  little  litmus,  acidify  with 
sulphuric  acid.  Then  distil  with  steam,  and  collect  the  hydro- 
cyanic  acid,   which   is   to  be   recognized   by   the  Prussian   blue 


556 


THE  PHAKMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


reaction,  \\iih  a  mixture  of  2  g.  of  methyl  alcohol  and  IS  g. 
of  ethyl  alcohol,  there  was  a  voluminous  precipitate  of  Prussian 
blue,  while  with  a  5  per  cent  solution  the  result  was  equally 
conclusive.  Furlurol,  if  present,  must  first  be  removed.  (Vi- 
>-ario,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  Vol.  10,  p.  145.) 

Preparation    of    Ethyl    G-alactoside — 

After  study  of  the  optimum  conditions  for  the  formation  of 
beta-ethyl  galactoside,  Bourquelot  and  llougue  recommend  that 
the  reaction  take  place  in  alcohol  of  SO  per  cent,  at  tempera- 
ture of  38-40°,  in  tlie  presence  of  an  excess  of  galactose.  Two 
liters  of  alcohol  are  treated  with  100  g.  of  galactose,  16  g.  of 
emulsin,  and  maintained  at  the  proper  temperature.  The  mix- 
ture should  be  shaken  frequently,  and  every  week  a  new  dose 
of  emulsin  should  be  added.  The  initial  rotation  of  1.27°  passed 
after  a  month  to  0.8°,  and  analysis  showed  that  54.2  g.  of 
galactose  had  not  combined.  The  excess  of  sugar  was  removed 
in  the  usual  manner,  with  bottom  yeast,  and  the  galactoside 
extracted  and  purified.  The  yield  was  34  g.  of  product.  The 
beta-galactoside  crystallizes  in  fine  colorless  needles,  grouped  in 
rosettes;  it  melts  sharply  at  161°.  It  does  not  reduce  Fehling's 
solution.  The  rotatory  power,  — 7.21°,  and  the  melting  point, 
do  not  agree  with  the  data  of  Fischer  and  Armstrong.  (Bour- 
quelot and  Mougne,  J.  Pharm.  Chim.,  1914,  Vol.  10,  p.  157.) 

Fatal  Poisoning  by  Phenolphtlialein — 

In  support  of  tlie  observ-ations  of  Leger  on  the  poisonous 
possibilities  of  this  remedy,  Roux  reports  a  fatal  case  as  fol- 
lows: A  young  girl,  of  19  years,  suffering  from  measles,  which 
had  proceeded  normally  and  were  in  the  fourth  day  of  eruption 
was  given  two  pastilles  of  phenolphthalein  as  a  purgative.  A 
few  minutes  afterward,  she  was  seized  with  internal  cerebral 
phenomena  and  delirium,  and  tried  to  throw  herself  out  of  the 
window.  On  Roux's  arrival,  he  found  the  patient  in  a  state  of 
coma,  the  lips  and  nails  purple,  and  the  reflexes  were  suspend- 
ed. Injections  of  ether  and  apomorphine,  to  provoke  vomiting 
and  bleeding,  were  without  avail,  and  the  girl  succumbed  40 
minutes  after  ingesting  the  substance.  (Union.  Pharm.,  1914, 
p.  306.) 

A   New   Copaiba   Balsam — 

.\  copaiba  balsam  from  the  Brazilian  state  of  Amazonas  con- 
sisted of  a  light  yellow  thin  liquid  of  normal  odor  and  taste, 
forming  an  opalescent  mixture  with  an  equal  volume  of  abso- 
lute alcohol,  and  a  white  precipitate  with  more  alcohol.  It  is 
soluble  in  all  proportions  in  chloroform,  and  has  a  density  of 
0.930.  The  optical  rotation  of  the  balsam  is  — 40°,  of  the  oil 
distilled  from  it,  — 35.3°,  of  the  residual  gum,  — 55°.  Perugen 
and  ammonia  tests  were  negative.  According  to  Caesar  & 
Loretz,  the  adulteration  of  copaiba  with  African  or  Illurin  bal- 
sam may  be  detected  by  distilling  off  the  ethereal  oil  with 
steam,  and  studying  its  rotation,  the  oil  of  African  balsams  be- 
ing de.xtro.  Several  true  Maracaibo  balsams,  trade  samples, 
Maturin  and  African  balsams  were  thus  tested.  The  true  bal- 
sams were  themselves  de.xtro,  but  gave  an  oil  that  was  laevo, 
and  a  more  strongly  de.xtro  gum.  African  balsam  has  a  low 
rotation,  but  gives  a  de.xtro  oil,  and  a  laevo  gum.  (Riedel's 
Ber.,  1914,  p.  27;  through  C.  A.) 
Automatic    Pharmacy    in    Copenhagen — 

At  various  points  in  Denmark,  and  especially  in  Copenhagen, 
where  the  practice  is  widespread,  the  exteriors  of  drug  stores 
are  fitted  up  with  automatic  dispensing  devices,  which  operate 
after  the  store  is  closed  in  the  evening.  These  distributors  fur- 
nish, for  a  10  or  25-ore  piece,  various  small  articles  in  common 
use,  for  which  a  prescription  is  not  required,  such  as  a  bottle 
of  arnica,  a  packet  of  antiseptic  gauze,  a  solution  of  bichloride, 
or  a  purgative.  The  convenience  of  such  an  arrangement,  both 
for  the  druggist  and  his  customers,  scarcely  needs  to  be  pointed 
out.  (.Schweiz.  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914,  p.  559.) 
Influence    of   Atmospheric    Conditions — 

In  a  previous  communication,  Burmann  has  pointed  out  the 
close  connection  between  the  alkaloidal  or  other  content  of 
certain  medicinal  plants,  and  the  climatic  conditions  of  the 
years  during  which  the  plants  were  growing.  The  study  has 
been  applied  to  digitalis,  and  a  very  close  parallelism  has  been 
foimd  between  the  content  in  digitalein,  as  determined  by  Bur- 
mann's  modified  Keller  method,  and  the  amount  of  heat  which 
the  wild  plant  has  received  during  its  growth.  The  plants 
were  gathered  near  the  same  spot,  during  the  months  of  flower- 
ing. July  and  .August,  and  were  stripped  and  pulped  a  few 
hours  later,  without  any  drying.  At  times,  however,  it  was 
necessary  to  have  recourse  to  rapid  desiccation,  which  was 
done  by  means  of  dry  air  or  a  vacuum.    These  methods,  when 


the  results  were  calculated  back  to  the  fresh  plant,  gave  con- 
cordant results,  and  the  desiccation  seems  to  be  much  less 
drastic  in  its  effects  on  the  delicate  constituents  than  the  pro- 
posed sterilization  with  boiling  alcohol.  The  mean  annual 
temperature  was  not  used,  but  instead  Burmann  took  that  of 
the  months  of  May,  June,  July  and  August,  corresponding  to 
the  period  of  the  plant's  growth.  In  addition,  the  rainfall  and 
cloudiness  were  noted.  The  experiments  e.xtend  to  five  years, 
from  1908-1912,  and  the  results  are  very  clear  cut.  (Burmann, 
Schweiz.  Apoth.  Ztg.,   1914,  p.  527.) 

Toxicity   of   Methyl    Alcohol — 

Kroeber  has  thus  summed  up  the  recent  literature  on  the 
poisonous  properties  of  wood  alcohol:  Juckenack  believed  that 
formaldehyde,  formed  in  the  oxidation  of  methyl  alcohol,  was 
responsible.  According  to  Hamack,  the  aldehydic  formic  acid, 
which  is  a  product  of  the  slow  oxidation  of  wood  alcohol, 
develops  a  strong  toxic  effect  in  statu  nascendi,  which  it  does 
not  have  when  already  formed.  Other  authors  believe  tliat  the 
acid  properties  of  formic  acid  deprive  the  blood  of  its  neces- 
sary alkalinity,  while  oxygen  is  also  abstracted  for  the  oxida- 
tion. The  view  that  carbon  monoxide  may  be  split  off  from 
formic  acid  is  combatted  by  von  Buschka,  since  no  carbon 
mono.xide  is  found  in  the  blood  of  victims.  Ohlemann  seeks 
the  cause  in  a  contamination  of  the  formic  acid  with  furfurol. 
.■•\ronsohn  holds  that  the  evil  effects  are  due  to  substances 
mi.xed  with  the  metliyl  alcohol,  and  that  the  latter  itself  cannot 
be  regarded  as  a  serious  poison.  Kobert  is  of  the  opinion  that 
idiosj-ncracies  are  at  the  bottom  of  the  variable  activity  of 
wood  spirits.  Joffray  and  Ser\'eaux  consider  methyl  alcohol  in 
a  single  dose  to  be  harmless;  on  continued  use  it  becomes 
poisonous,  since  alcohols  low  in  carbon  are  difficult  to  oxidize, 
and  hence  accumulate  in  the  system.  Langyaard  believes,  on 
the  basis  of  animal  experiments,  that  methyl  alcohol  in  small 
repeated  doses  is  more  poisonous  than  ethyl  alcohol,  but  in  a 
single  large  dose  the  reverse  is  true.  Kroeber  ascribes  the 
occasional  toxicity  of  methyl  alcohol  to  the  presence  of  methyl 
sulphate,  which  may  be  formed  imder  certain  conditions  in  the 
process  of  refining.      (Schweiz.   Apoth.  Ztg.,   1914,  p.  520.) 

Limitation    of    Pharmacies — 

Gamal,  inspector  of  pharmacies  in  the  department  of  the 
Lot,  in  France,  writes  of  the  increase  in  the  number  of  phar- 
macies since  1860.  In  that  year  there  were  in  France  5,000 
pharmacies,  each  one  serving  on  the  average  7,200  inhabitants. 
In  1875,  the  number  had  increased  to  6,232,  and  each  catered 
to  only  5,700  inhabitants;  in  1886,  8,100  pharmacists,  or  1  to 
every  4,400  people;  in  1896,  8,910  pharmacists,  or  1  to  4,200; 
in  1900,  9,406  pharmacists,  or  1  to  4,100;  in  1912,  12,000 
pharmacists,  or  1  to  3.283  persons.  In  comparison,  he  pres- 
ents the  ratios  in  countries  where  limitation  is  in  force,  and 
where  pharmacists  enjoy  greater  material  advantages,  and 
higher  moral  and  scientific  consideration.  In  Germany,  there 
is  1  pharmacist  to  10,000  or  12,000  inhabitants;  in  Austria- 
Hungary,  1  to  13,000;  Bulgaria,  1  to  from  6,000  to  8,000; 
Denmark,  1  to  12,800;  Norway,  1  to  16,000;  Sweden,  1  to 
19,000;  Greece,  1  to  3,000;  Rumania,  1  to  5,000;  Russia,  1 
to  30,000.  The  growth  of  pharmacies  in  France  has  been 
especially  rapid  in  the  large  cities  or  centers  of  population. 
The  enforced  diminution  in  the  number  of  students  would 
result  in  the  closing  of  useless  pharmacies,  but  this  disappear- 
ance should  be  made  to  take  place  in  a  logical  manner,  with 
regard  to  local  needs.  Gamal  is  in  favor  of  establishing  the 
number  and  class  of  pharmacies  which  will  be  authorized  ac- 
cording to  the  density  of  population,  the  richness  of  the  region, 
and  local  requirements.  The  proprietors  of  those  pharmacies 
which  are  suppressed  must  be  indemnified  by  an  impost  laid 
on  the  pharmacies  which  profit  by  their  closing.  Now,  at 
present,  there  are  12,000  pharmacies  for  39,000.000  inhabi- 
tants. Reckoning  one  for  every  5,000  persons  in  cities  of  more 
than  50,000,  and  one  for  every  8,000  in  the  rural  districts,  it 
would  be  necessary  to  buy  up  6,000  pharmacies,  with  a  mean 
value  of  6,000  francs,  or  36  million  francs  total.  If  divided 
into  10  annual  payments,  the  single  payment  would  be  3,600.000 
francs,  from  which  must  be  deducted  the  money  arising  from 
the  sale  of  stocks  and  effects,  which  would  be  considerable. 
Counting  the  total  business  as  230,000,000  francs,  a  tax  of  2 
per  cent  on  the  business  done  would  suffice  to  cover  all  ex- 
penses. And  no  pharmacist  should  refuse,  according  to  Gamal, 
to  pay  this  tax,  since  the  ex-peri^nce  of  all  other  lands  has 
shown  that  limitation  causes  the  value  of  a  pharmacy  to  triple. 
(Bull.  Sci.  Pharmacolog. ;  through  Schweiz.  Apoth.  Ztg.,  1914, 
p.  473.) 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


557 


THE  OBJECT  of  this  department  is  to  furnish  our  subscribers 
and  their  clerks  with  reliable  and  tried  formulas,  and  to  discuss 
questions  relating  to  practical  pharmacy,  iirescription  work,  dis- 
pensing difficulties,  etc.  Requests  for  information  are  not  answered 
by  mail,  and  ANONYMOUS  COMMUNICATIONS  WILL  RE- 
CEIVE NO  ATTENTION;  neither  do  we  answer  questions  in  this 
department  from   non-subscribers. 

In  this  department  frequent  reference  is  necessarily  made  to 
information  published  in  previous  issues  of  the  ERA,  copies  of 
which,    if    not    out    of    print,    may    be    obtained    for    25    cents    each. 

Solubility    of    Ammonium    Benzoate 


(L.  E.  J.) — "We  have  some  trouble  in  filling  the  enclosed 
prescription,  and  find  it  impossible  to  dissolve  the  ammonium 
benzoate.  Will  you  please  tell  of  some  way  by  which  we  can 
make  a  solution?" 

Here  is  the  prescription : 

Ammonium   benzoate    6  drams 

Peppermint  water,  enough  to  make   6  ounces 

Mix.     One  teaspoonful  in   water  after  meals. 

The  solubility  of  ammonium  benzoate  in  water  is  variously 
stated  by  different  authorities,  the  U.  S.  P.  giving  the  solu- 
bility as  1  part  in  about  10.5  parts  of  water,  while  the  figures 
given  by  the  new  British  Pharmaceutical  Code  are  1  in  6. 
However,  the  commercial  salt  is  sometimes  unduly  acid,  due 
to  tlie  loss  of  ammonia  on  keeping,  becoming  thereby  very 
difficultly  soluble.  To  overcome  this,  the  salt  should  be  neu- 
tralized with  a  little  ammonia.  Some  authorities  state  that  the 
neutral,  freshly  prepared  salt  is  soluble  in  as  little  as  5  parts 
of  water.  To  compound  the  prescription,  first  neutralize  the 
ammonium  benzoate  with  a  little  ammonia,  as  stated  above, 
lightly  rub  it  to  a  very  fine  powder  in  a  dry  mortar  and  there 
triturate  with  a  little  peppermint  water  to  a  uniform  creamy 
paste,  gradually  adding  more  of  the  water  until  solution  is 
effected. 

Benzoic  acid  is  soluble  in  from  281  (U.  S.  P)  to  390  (B. 
P.  C.)  parts  of  water,  so  that  if  the  ammonium  benzoate  con- 
tains any  free  acid,  the  difficulty  of  attempting  to  make  a 
solution  in  the  quantity  of  solvent  like  that  given  above,  be- 
comes apparent.  

Manufacture  of  Oxyg^en 

(J.  C.  P.) — "I  would  like  to  find  out  how  to  manufacture 
oxygen  in  the  gaseous  state  in  quantities  of  10  to  20  gallons, 
using  potassium  chlorate  and   manganese   dioxide." 

The  method  most  used  on  a  small  scale  at  the  present  time, 
perhaps,  consists  in  heating  a  mixture  of  4  parts  of  potassium 
chlorate  and  1  part  of  manganese  dioxide.  On  the  application 
of  heat,  the  chlorate  is  decomposed,  oxygen  being  evolved,  as 
shown  by  the  following  equation:  2KCI03^2KCH-302,  one  kilo 
of  the  chlorate  yielding  392  grams  or  276  liters  of  oxygen,  or 
3.65  kilos  of  the  salt  being  required  for  the  production  of  1 
cubic  meter  of  tlie  gas.  The  action  of  the  manganese  dioxide 
is  supposed  to  be  catalytic,  for  the  chlorate  will  yield  oxygen 
when  heated  alone,  evolution  of  the  gas  beginning  at  370°  to 
380°.  However,  since  the  decomposition  is  exothermic  (that 
is,  heat  is  generated  by  the  reaction),  the  evolution  of  the  gas 
is  liable  to  become  very  violent ;  hence  the  addition  of  a  non- 
fusible  oxide  (MnOz),  which  causes  the  decomposition  to 
begin  at  240°. 

The  purpose  of  such  a  catalytic  agent  is  to  accelerate  slowly 
occurring  reactions;  hence  a  steady  current  of  gas  is  obtained 
at  a  much  lower  temperature,  and  without  fusion  of  the  chlo- 
rate and  liability  of  e.xplosion.  This  method  is  usually  carried 
out  in  a  copper  or  iron  retort,  with  arrangements  fo/  feeding 
in  about  1  pound  of  the  mixture  at  a  time,  without  discon- 
necting. In  making  oxygen  by  this  method  it  is  necessary  to 
test  the  manganese  dioxide  to  prove  the  absence  of  sulphides 
and  impurities  of  an  organic  nature,  for  if  these  are  present, 
they  are  liable  to  cause  an  explosion  when  the  mixture  is 
heated.  The  manganese  dioxide  which  promotes  the  decom- 
position of  the  chlorate  undergoes  little  or  no  decomposition 
during  the  heating  process,  while  it  is  capable  of  yielding 
oxygen  on  heating;  the  reason  for  this  is  that  the  temperature 
of  its  decomposition  is  much  higher  than  that  of  the  chlorate. 
This  method  is  but  one  of  a  considerable  number  that  are 
commercially  employed  to  manufacture  oxygen. 


"Oxone"  is  a  trademarked  name  applied  to  sodium  peroxide 
fused  in  cubes  and  containing  a  fractional  percentage  of  a 
catalytic  agent,  the  process  being  covered  by  U.  S.  Patents 
Nos.  788,256  and  884,563,  the  last-named  expiring  in  1922, 
and  both  held  by  the  Roessler  &  Hasslacher  Chemical  Co.,  of 
this  city.  It  is  stated  that  100  grams  of  the  peroxide  in  this 
form  furnishes  about  13  liters  of  ox-ygen.  Whether  it  is  pos- 
sible to  manufacture  these  cubes  so  that  they  can  be  used 
to  produce  oxygen  for  burning  with  sulphuric  ether  in  a  gas 
jet  for  a  moving  picture  machine,  we  are  unable  to  state.  We 
suggest  you  refer  this  part  of  your  query  to  the  manufacturers 
of  "oxone,"  the  Roessler  &  Hasslacher  Chemical  Co.,  100' 
William  St.,   this   city. 


Sale  of  Carbolic  Acid  in  New  York 

(M.  G.  F.) — The  pharmacy  law  of  New  York  State  places, 
the  sale  of  carbolic  acid  under  the  provisions  of  Schedule  B, 
which  requires  that  before  such  poisons  be  sold  the  seller  shall 
affix  or  caused  to  be  "affixed  to  the  bottle,  box,  vessel  or  pack- 
age, a  label  with  the  name  of  the  article  and  the  word  poison 
distinctly  shown  and  with  the  name  and  place  of  business  of 
the  seller  all  printed  in  red  ink  together  with  the  name  of  such 
poisons  printed  thereupon  in  plain,  legible  characters.  He 
shall  not  deliver  any  of  the  poisons  .  .  .  until  he  has  satisfied 
himself  that  the  purchaser  is  aware  of  its  poisonous  character 
and  that  the  poison  is  to  be  used  for  a  legitimate  purpose. 
The  provisions  of  this  paragraph  do  not  apply  to  the  dispens- 
ing  of   medicines  or   poisons   on   physicians'   prescriptions." 

The  Sanitary  Code  of  the  Board  of  Health  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  Health  of  the  City  of  New  York  provides  (Section 
67)  that  "no  phenol,  commonly  known  as  carbolic  acid,  shalll 
be  sold  at  retail  by  any  person  in  the  City  of  New  York, 
except  upon  the  prescription  of  a  physician,  when  in  stronger 
solution  than  five  per  cent." 


"Huidlog-olie":  AUyl  Sulphide 
(J.   C.   P.) — "A    lady   customer  asked   me   for   the   following 
drug:  'Huidlogolie,'  also  supposed  to  be  'allyl  sulphide.'     'Huid- 
logolie'  is  a  Norwegian  name,  and  the  drug  is  used  for  inhala- 
tion  by   consumptives." 

Reference  to  Scandinavian  dictionaries  reveals  that  hvidlog 
is  the  Danish-Norwegian  vernacular  for  "garlic,"  the  word' 
literally  meaning  "white  bulb"  (from  hvid,  white,  a.nd  loghoved, 
a  bulb.  The  corresponding  term  in  Swedish  is  hvitlok,  from 
hvit,  white,  and  lok,  onion.  Olie  is  the  Norwegian  for  "oil." 
It  may  therefore  be  assumed  that  "huidlogolie"  is  an  attempt 
to  spell  the  Norwegian  term  as  it  might  sound  to  an  ear 
familiar  with  English  only.  When  it  is  remembered  that 
garlic  contains  a  volatile  oil  of  which  allyl  sulphide  is  sup- 
posed to  be  a  constituent,  this  opinion  becomes  conclusive. 
This  oil  is  of  a  dark  brownish-yellow  color,  heavier  than  water, 
and  is  decomposed  at  its  boiling  temperature.  It  may  be 
purified  by  repeated  distillation  in  a  salt  water  bath,  and 
is  then  lighter  than  water,  of  a  pale  yellow  color,  and  not 
decomposed  by  boiling.  The  impure  oil  has  an  exceedingly 
pungent  odor  and  a  strong  acrid  taste,  and,  when  applied  tO' 
the  skin,  produces  much  irritation  and  sometimes  even  blis- 
ters. The  reported  analyses  vary  somewhat  as  to  the  content 
of  allyl  sulphide,  although  all  agree  as  to  sulphirr  in  combina- 
tion being  a  constituent  of  this  oil.  According  to  the  United 
States  Dispensatory,  the  oil  may  be  often  given  with  great 
advantage  in  chronic  bronchitis  and  in  the  advanced  stages  of 
obstinate  acute  bronchitis.  We  have  no  information  regarding 
its  administration  by  inhalation. 

You  should  be  able  to  procure  a  copy  of  the  Norwegian 
Pharmacopoeia  through  almost  any  importer  of  foreign  books, 
preferably  one  residing  in  the  Dominion,  as  then  you  would' 
not  have  to  deal  w-ith  the  intricacies  of  more  than  one  rate  of 
import  duty,  thereby  lessening  the  net  cost  of  the  book  when 
delivered  to  you.  A  handy  little  pamphlet,  originally  published 
by  the  Pharmaceutical  Review,  of  Milwaukee,  now  the  Midland 
Druggist  and  Pharmaceutical  Review,  of  Columbus,  Ohio,  that 
may  be  of  help  on  drug  terms,  is  "Popular  Scandinavian 
Names." 


558 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


Black  Dye  for  the  Hair 
(A.  P.  Co.) — We  can  not  give  the  formula  of  the  proprietarj* 
preparation,  nor  do  we  quite  understand  your  request  for  a 
formula  for  a  "black  colorless  one  bottle  hair  dye."  However, 
the  following  are  representadve  formulas  for  the  "one-bottle 
type"  used  to  dve  the  hair  black   (Standard  Formulary) : 

Silver  nitrate     2  drams 

Ammonia  water    1  fl.  ounce 

Lard  oil   4  fl.  drams 

Distilled  water,  to  make S  fl.  ounces 

Saponify  the  oil  by  shaking  it  with  the  ammonia  water;  dis- 
solve the  silver  nitrate  in  the  water,  and  add  this  to  the  oil 
solution.  Let  the  mi.xture  stand  for  some  time  with  frequent 
agitation. 

This  liquid  is  to  be  applied  to  the  hair  by  means  of  a  tooth 
brush,  being  careful  to  apply  it  to  all  the  hair  and  up  to  the 
roots;  then  loosen  up  or  shake  the  hair  and  expose  it  to  the 
sun,  which  brings  out  the  color.  Age  seems  to  improve  the 
dyeing  property  of  this  preparation. 

(2) 

Iron  sulphate    2  drams 

Glycerin    1   fl.  ounce 

Cologne  water   1  fl.  ounce 

Rose  water     14  fl.  ounces 

Mix.  This  is  to  be  applied  to  the  hair  once  or  twice  daily. 
It  gradually  darkens  the  hair. 

From  another  source,  we  reproduce  the  following: 
Black  Hair  Dye    (without  Silver) 

Pyrogallic  acid     3.5  parts 

Citric  acid    0.3  part 

Boroglycerine    11.0  parts 

Water     100.0  parts 

!Make  a  solution.  If  the  resulting  solution  does  not  impart 
the  desired  intensity  of  color,  the  amount  of  pyrogallic  acid 
may  be  increased.  The  wash  is  applied  evenings,  followed  in 
the  morning  by  a  weak  ammoniacal  wash. 

Nail   Bleach   and   Cosmetic   Bouge 
(M.  C.  C.  Co.) — Here  are  several  formulas  of  the  character 
you  outline: 

(1) 

White  castile  soap   1  part 

Hot  water    16  parts 

Solution  of  zinc  chloride,  10%  q.  s. 

Dissolve  the  soap  in  the  water,  and  to  the  solution  add  the 
zinc  chloride  solution  until  no  further  precipitation  occurs. 
Let  stand  over  night,  pour  off  the  supernatant  fluid,  wash  the 
precipitate  well  with  water,  and  dry  at  the  ordinary  tempera- 
ture.    Carmine  may  be  added  if  necessary. 

(2) 

Powdered  rottenstone  1  ounce 

Hea%-y  magnesium  carbonate   4  ounces 

Sodium  perborate   2  ounces 

Powdered  silica   1  pound 

Mix  and  tint  if  desired. 

As  a  simple  liquid  "bleach"  there  is  perhaps  nothing  better 
than  a  solution  of  tartaric  acid  (30  grains)  in  rose  water 
{1  fl.  ounce). 

A  "nail  polishing  stick"  is  made  as  follows,  although  the 
preparation  may  be  worked  up  in  stick  form  if  desired:  Putty 
powder,  8  otmces;  carmine,  20  grains;  perfume,  sufficient; 
mucilage  of  tragacanth,  sufficient.  The  powders  and  perfume 
are  well  mixed,  then  massed  with  the  mucilage,  and  piped  on 
a  piU  machine. 

Solid  Rouge   (Rouge  en  Pate) 

Carmine    30  grams 

Talc      600  grams 

Gum  arabic   50  grams 

Powder  the  ingredients  as  finely  as  possible,  intimately  mix 
them  by  trituration  in  a  mortar,  and  then  form  into  a  paste 
by  the  careful  addition  of  water.  Pack  in  very  shallow  porce- 
lain pots,  about  ].yi  inches  in  diameter.  A  darker  rouge  for 
persons  with  brunette  complexions  is  obtained  by  increasing 
the  proportion  of  carmine.  Many  other  similar  formulas  for 
nail  and  face  cosmetics  may  be  found  in  the  Era  Formulary. 

Shaving'  Cream 
(G.  W.  D.) — We  caimot  give  a  formula  for  the  proprietary 
article.     However,   here  are   two   formulas  that  have   been   re- 
conmaended    for    producing    satisfactory    preparations    of    this 
character; 


(1) 

Curd  soap   8  ounces 

Almond  oil    2  ounces 

Glycerin     1  ounce 

Spermaceti     54  ounce 

Potassiimi   carbonate    %  ounce 

Water      16  ounces 

Cut  the  curd  soap  into  shreds  and  dissolve  it  by  the  aid  of  a 
waterbath  in  14  ounces  of  water.  Dissolve  the  spermaceti 
in  the  almond  oil,  and  while  warm  mi.x  with  it  the  glycerin, 
potassium  carbonate  and  remainder  of  the  water;  transfer  to 
a  warm  mortar,  gradually  and  steadily  incorporate  the  warm 
soap  solution  and  conthiue  to  stir  until  a  smooth  paste  is 
formed.     With  this  incorporate  a  suitable  perfume.      • 

(2) 
An  English  formula  of  the  type  designated  imder  the  title 
of  "aseptic  sha\Tng  paste"   (British  Pharm.  Formulary)  is  the 
following : 

Hard  paraffin,  m.  p.  55°   5^  ounces 

Prepared  suet    ^  ounce 

Soft  soap     yi  ounce 

Tragacanth,   in   powder    J4  ounce 

Glycerin     J4  ounce 

Oil  of  lavender   14  ounce 

Boiling  distilled  water    17  ounces 

Place  the  hard  paraffin  and  suet  in  a  vessel  surrounded  by 
hot  water,  add  the  soap  and  boiling  water,  and  vigorously 
beat  the  mixture  tmtii  a  smooth  white  emulsion  is  obtained. 
Remove  the  surrounding  hot  water,  and  gradually  add  the 
tragacanth,  continuing  the  beating  and  stirring  until  the  tem- 
perature has  fallen  below  50°  C.  When  nearly  cold,  add  the 
glycerin  and  oil  of  lavender.  This  product  should  have  the 
consistence  of  a  soft  paste.  It  is  said  to  obviate  the  use  of 
a  shaving  brush  and  soap. 

Smelling  Salts 
(Wm.  L.  G.) — Try  one  of  the  following: 

(1) 

.A.mmonium  carbonate    2  pounds 

Stronger  water  of  ammonia   1   pound 

Oil  of    bergamot  1  dram 

Oil  of  lavender   2  drams 

Oil  of  myristica    15  minims 

Oil  of  cloves    15  minims 

Oil  of  cinnamon   1  dram 

Break  the  ammonium  carbonate  into  small  pieces  in  a  large 
Wedgwood  mortar,  then  pour  over  the  salt  the  stronger  water 
of  ammonia  with  which  the  perfumes  have  been  previously 
mixed.  Cover  the  mortar  and  allow  the  mixture  to  stand  for 
a  few  days  to  effect  the  conversion  of  the  ammoniimi  car- 
bonate into  monocarbonate.  Reduce  the  whole  to  a  coarse 
powder  and  keep  closely  stoppered. 

(2) 

Ammonium  carbonate,  crushed  to  a  coarse  powder,  6  ounces; 
sal  ammoniac,  granulated,  1  oimce;  caustic  potash,  crushed 
fine.  2  ounces;  orris  root  in  coarse  powder,  4  ounces;  lemon 
peel,  rosemary  leaves,  lavender  leaves,  all  in  coarse  powder,  of 
each  1  oimce;  cloves,  cirmamon,  calamus,  in  coarse  powder,  of 
each  Yi  ounce;  oil  of  bergamot,  }4  ounce;  oil  of  lemon,  % 
ounce;  extract  of  musk  or  civet,  ^  otmce;  stronger  ammonia 
water,  yi  ounce.  Mix  them  well  together.  Fenner  recommends 
this  formula  "if  something  fine  is  desired  without  regard  to 
cost." 

The  Era  Formulary  states  that  the  base  of  smelling  salts  is 
ammonium  carbonate,  from  which  the  ammonia  slowly  escapes. 
The  carbonate  is  generally  mixed  with  some  aromatic  powder 
or  liquid,  in  which  the  lavender  perfume  is  mostly  predom- 
inating. A  better  base  than  ammonium  carbonate  is  a  mixtiire 
of  potassium  carbonate  and  ammonium  chloride,  from  which 
the  volatile  ammonia  is  slowly  generated.  Care  should  be 
taken  to  have  a  container  with  a  good  stopper,  for  the  secret 
of  inexhaiistible  salts  lies  more  in  the  stopper  than  in  the  salt. 

Cleaning  and  Polish  Rag^ 
Immerse  flannel  rags  in  a  solution  of  20  parts  of  dextrin 
and  30  parts  of  oxalic  acid  in  20  parts  of  logwood  decoction; 
wring  out  the  rags  gently,  and  sift  over  them  a  mixture  of 
finely  powdered  tripoU  and  pumice  stone.  Pile  the  moist  rags 
one  upon  another,  placing  a  layer  of  the  powder  between  each 
two.     Then  press,  separate  and  dry. 


December,  191-4] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


559 


Some  Phases  of  Commercial  Pharmacy 

A  symponum  of  vice's,  'which  collectively  pertain  to  the  com- 
mercial aspects  of  pharmacy,  were  presented  in  the  form  of 
short  papers  read  by  their  various  authors  at  the  recent 
meeting  of  the  Wisconsin  Pharmaceutical  Association.  As 
all  -of  the  subjects  discussed  are  of  interest  to  pharmacists 
generally,  the  more  important  papers  are  here  presented 
in  somewhat  condensed  form. 


THE   TELEPHONE   AS  A   BUSINESS   GETTER 


By  Jolin  J.  Possehl,  Milwaukee 

IN  the  modern  up-to-the-minute  drug  store,  with  its  vast 
variety  of  sundries  and  sidelines,  accommodation  occupies 
a  prominent  place  in  the  mind  of  the  druggist.  One  of 
his  best  accommodations  to  the  public   is  his  telephone. 

The  telephone  is  a  practical  proposition.  It  is  compact; 
occupies  very  little  room;  adds  to  the  appearance  of  the  store; 
is  handy  for  use  by  the  store;  and,  above  all  else,  it  brings 
the  people  to  your  store,  brings  them  in  touch  with  your  clerks, 
and  by  tactful,  courteous  treatment,  the  customer  is  favorably 
impressed  and  may  not  purchase  at  that  time,  but  he  is  sure  to 
come  again.  It  is  only  necessary  that  you  be  as  pleased  to 
have  a  person  use  your  telephone  as  you  are  to  make  a  sale, 
for  you  then  have  a  new  friend  and  future  customer.  Ob- 
ser\-ation  is  one  of  tlie  most  human  characteristics  and  it  is  but 
natural  for  the  person  using  the  telephone  to  look  around  as 
he  does  so.  His  eye  notices  something  attractive  on  the  coun- 
ter. He  reads  the  ad  as  he  waits  and  incidentally  purchases  a 
cigar  or  a  drink  at  the  fountain,  and,  as  a  result  of  his  ob- 
servations, he  will  either  buy  some  article  now  or  a  little  later, 
or  tell  a  friend  that  he  noticed  certain  things  at  your  place. 
This  will  result  in  continued  sales. 

There  is  one  other  part  of  the  business  which  the  telephone 
brings  that  otherwise  would  be  lost.  This  is  the  telephone 
prescription.  Quite  often  tlie  physician  becomes  busy  and, 
having  little  or  no  time  in  which  to  write  the  recipe,  calls  up 
the  drug  store  and,  because  you  have  a  telephone  and  your 
neighbor  has  not,  you  benefit  thereby. 

In  many  cities  the  telephone  companies,  originally  through 
the  N.  A,  R.  D.,  have  come  to  an  agreement  with  the  druggists 
whereby  they  share  each  other's  profits.  The  telephone  com- 
pany pays  the  druggist  a  commission  and,  naturally,  the  drug- 
gist tries  to  obtain  patrons  for  the  telephone  company,  for  in  so 
doing  he  adds  to  his  own  profits  through  his  drug  department 
as  well  as  by  means  of  the  telephone. 

In  conclusion,  it  is  a  means  of  co-operation.  Quite  often 
people  come  into  the  store  and,  upon  finding  that  your  price 
is  a  little  higher  than  they  e.\pected,  will  go  to  another  place, 
trying  to  obtain  the  desired  article  at  a  cut  price.  If  the 
druggists  will  stand  together,  as  they  should,  the  price  can 
easily  be  obtained.     Use  your  telephone! 

DRUG  STORE  ADVERTISING 


By  E.  B.  Heimstreet,  Palmyra 

The  location  has  a  good  deal  to  do  with  advertising.  A 
system  that  works  well  in  one  location,  will  fall  fiat  in  an- 
other place,  but  here  in  Wisconsin  where  so  many  are  m  small 
towns,   the  same  advertising  will  probably   be  successful. 

First  of  all,  I  would  use  the  personal  letter.  It  is  a  littlt 
expensive,  but  it  does  pay.  Read  your  papers  and  note  new 
arrivals;  if  John  Smith  has  just  come  to  town,  write  to  him, 
tell  him  you  are  glad  to  greet  him  as  a  neighbor  and  if  he 
should  want  anything  in  the  drug  or  toilet  line,  to  come  in 
and  see  you;   it  will  bring  him  every  time. 

If  you  read  of  a  new  baby  at  Smith's,  drop  them  a  letter  of 
congratulation  and  tell  them  about  that  nice  toilet  powder  that 
will  be  so  nice  for  the  baby;  half  an  hour  each  day  will  be 
sufficient  to  do  it  all. 

Then  have  a  mailing  list  and  revise  it  every  three  months. 
You  can  get  up  an  imitation  typewritten  letter  for  $3.50  a 
thousand,  and  once  in  a  while  get  out  such  a  letter  and  send  it 
to  every  person  you  can  within  ten  miles — the  idea  of  being 
personally  addressed  appeals  to  everj'  one.  I  have  had  more 
than  one  tell  me,  "I  came  to  trade  with  you  because  you  send 
me  such  nice  letters."  Calendars  are  profitable  in  their  way, 
and  if  you  are  in  a  small  place,  skip  the  fancy  ones  and  get 


the  large  ones  with  weather  forecasts,  and  you  will  have  an 
agent  in  every  house  where  you  put  one. 

If  you  are  a  little  more  ambitious,  get  up  a  little  eight  or 
ten-page  book,  use  one  page  to  tell  of  your  store,  and  the  rest 
of  the  book  for  receipts  for  liniments,  ointments,  etc.,  that 
have  been  given  to  you  by  people  well  known  in  your  locality. 
In  giving  the  recipes,  give  the  names  of  the  ingredients  only, 
not  the  quantities,  then  they  will  come  to  you  to  have  the 
formulas  put  up. 

A  little  advertisement  that  has  always  paid  me:  purchase  a 
half  gross  of  small,  cheap,  dressed  dolls,  keep  them  handy, 
and  when  a  customer  with  a  child  makes  a  purchase,  hand  the 
little  one  a  doll.  You  need  not  say  a  word,  but  that  little 
one  will  grab  the  doll  and  remember  you  fcr  years. 

Advertising  for  church  fairs,  etc.:  Don't  make  a  cash  dona- 
tion to  a  fair,  but  send  an  assortment  of  your  own  goods  and 
give  the  proceeds.  In  this  way  you  can  make  a  larger  dona- 
tion and  at  the  same  time  get  your  goods  advertised.  When 
you  open  your  soda  fountain  in  the  spring,  do  not  do  it  your- 
self, but  go  to  some  society  and  give  them  half  the  proceeds 
for  that  day.  You  will  be  surprised  to  see  how  little  this  will 
cost  as  an  advertisement. 

Loan  your  mailing  list  to  good  manufacturers  only  and  have 
them  put  your  imprint  on  the  matter  sent  out.  Of  course, 
you  will  carry  an  ad.  in  your  home  paper,  as  it  is  as  essential 
as  light  in  your  store.  Keep  your  telephone  number  before 
the  people.  If  tlie  above  hints  are  followed  up  by  good  window 
advertising,  your  store  will  be  well  known. 

ADVERTISING  TO  IMPROVE  EARNING  CAPACITY 


By  H.  P.  Zimmerman,  Milwaukee 

Since  it  is  known  that  a  pharmacy  or  drug  store  comprises 
a  lot  of  articles  which  are  advertised  nationally,  these  articles 
are  in  demand  generally,  but  the  demand  can  be  increased 
through  the  aid  of  the  pharmacist  by  conspicuous  display  of 
such  articles  in  his  store.  This  applies  not  only  to  patent 
medicines  and  other  sidelines,  but  to  pharmaceuticals  which 
in  turn  can  be  advertised  to  the  immediate  physicians  through 
the  aid  of  literature  usually  furnished  by  the  manufacturer  or 
by  the  pharmacist  himself  in  getting  up  each  week  or  month 
appropriate   literature. 

Advertising  covers  such  a  large  territory  that  each  individual 
should  know  which  brings  the  best  results.  There  are  many 
methods  of  inducing  the  public  to  trade  at  the  individual  drug 
store  and  these  comprise  booklets,  circulars,  circular  letters, 
postals  and  even  bill  board  or  moving  picture  slide  advertising. 
To  a  certain  extent,  all  are  good  business  getters  and  should 
be  made  use  of  by  the  up-to-the-minute  pharmacist. 

As  everything  has  a  backbone,  so  has  pharmacy.  Reputa- 
tion is  the  success  of  advertising  and  upon  this  depends  the 
success  of  any  individual  who  indulges  in  advertising.  Repu- 
tation and  success  must  therefore  be  backed  by  honor  and 
upon  these  three  depend  the  thriftiness  of  a  pharmacist  in  any 
locality.  To  gain  this  reputation,  the  progressive  pharmacist 
must,  first,  be  careful  in  the  kind  of  help  he  employs;  second, 
his  store  must  be  clean;  third,  his  treatment  of  his  patrons 
must  be,  above  all,  courteous,  and  fourth,  he  must  make  use 
of  the  windows  in  his  drug  store. 

The  foregoing  are  the  chief  value  methods  of  inducement 
as  business  getters  for  a  pharmacist,  and  if  intelligently  worked, 
they  will  result  in  personal  advertising  which,  in  my  estima- 
tion, is  worth  twenty  to  one  of  that  of  bought  and  paid  for 
booklet,  circular  or  any  other  advertising. 

TURN   OVER   YOUR   STOCK 


By  L.    G.   J.   Mack,   Milwaukee 

There  is  more  money  in  turning  over  your  stock  five  times  a 
year  at  a  net  profit  of  25  per  cent  than  in  turning  over  the 
same  stock  twice  a  year  at  net  profit  of  50  per  cent. 

It  has  been  figured  out  that  if  the  cost  of  domg  busmess  is 
20  per  cent  to  the  druggist,  every  sale  on  which  he  makes  a 
gross  profit  of  less  than  20  per  cent  means  an  actual  loss  to 
him.  This  theory  is  all  right  and  is  practiced  to  a  certam 
extent,  but  the  matter  of  turning  over  the  stock  must  be  con- 
sidered at  the  same  time. 

For  instance,  an  article  costs  2'/^  cents  a  package,  and  sellmg 
at  5  cents,  shows  a  profit  of  50  per  cent.  Selling  3  packages 
for  10  cents,  costing  7i/4  cents,  pays  a  gross  profit  of  only  25 


560 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[Decembee,  1914 


per  cent,  but  on  the  other  hand  the  profit  in  money  on  each 
transaction  is  25^  cents. 

If  your  cost  of  doing  business  is  now  25  per  cent,  on  your 
gross  sales  and  you  increase  the  volume  of  your  business  to 
double  or  treble  the  amount  with  the  same  cost,  the  same  clerk 
hire,  the  same  interest  on  investment,  the  same  rent,  and  the 
same  store  costs  throughout,  of  course  you  naturally  reduce 
the  cost  of  doing  business  as  far  as  percentage  on  the  gross 
results  are  concerned,  while  you  increase  your  profit  even 
though  the  percentage  on  each  sale  is  lessened. 

Another  illustration:  Buy  a  gross  of  SI  articles  at  $96  to 
save  5  per  cent  in  gross  quantity;  take  the  same  articles  and 
buy  them  in  one  dozen  quantity,  turning  the  gross  over  in  a 
year  and  only  getting  1  per  cent  discount,  yet  you  turn  your 
stock  over  twelve  times  a  year,  saving  12  per  cent  instead  of 
5  per  cent,  and  practically  no  money  invested,  and  at  the 
close  of  the  year  you  have  made  7  per  cent  by  turning  over 
vour  stock. 


Legal  Decisions 


Written  Contract  for  Soda  Fountain — Variance  by 
Oral  Agreement 

In  an  action  for  the  balance  due  on  a  soda  fountain  sold  by 
the  plaintiff  to  the  defendant,  the  latter  offered  to  prove  by  the 
plaintiffs  agent  and  by  the  defendant  that  coolers  were  to  be 
installed  in  the  cooler  bo.xes,  which  coolers  were  to  be  of  a 
given  capacity  made  known  to  the  plaintiffs  manager  and 
draftsman  in  Philadelphia  at  the  time  the  contract  was  drawn. 
The  defendant  also  offered  testimony  to  show  that  there  was 
to  be  installed  a  soda  water  apparatus  capable  of  furnishing 
cool  soda.  The  trial  court  refused  both  of  these  offers.  It 
found  that  the  defendant  purchased  the  fountain,  that  it  was 
installed  in  his  place  of  business,  that  $530  was  paid  on  ac- 
count that  the  plaintiffs  made  an  allowance  of  $41.50,  leaving 
a  balance  of  $563.50,  that  the  orders  signed  by  the  defendant, 
together  with  the  plan  and  letter  of  acceptance,  constituted  a 
complete  contract  which  bound  the  defendant,  and  that  no  oral 
testimony  could  be  admitted  as  to  the  capacity  and  installation 
of  coolers.    This  was  affirmed  on  appeal. 

The  contract  between  the  parties  was  in  writing;  that  is,  the 
defendant  signed  an  order  and  approved  the  plan,  and  the 
order  was  accepted  by  the  plaintiff.  The  order  was  directed 
to  the  plaintiff,  and  requested  the  deliver}-  of  the  "following  de- 
scribed soda  water  apparatus  and  appurtenances,"  and  then  fol- 
lowed a  description  of  the  structure,  with  a  note  that,  if  it  was 
for  counter  service,  then  there  were  to  be  additional  details. 
These  details  appeared  in  the  order  under  the  title  "counter  ser- 
vice details,"  in  which  the  following  is  quoted:  "One  cooler  box 
no  coolers  with  milk  pump  and  J^  gal.  can  in  centre  surrounded 
by  four  crushed  fruit  jars  as  per  plan."  It  was  not  denied 
that  the  defendant  furnished  all  that  he  was  required  to  do 
according  to  the  writing,  but  the  defendant  argued  that  the 
contract  was  incomplete,  and  that  he  was  entitled  to  offer  oral 
testimony  to  show  what  was  required  to  complete  it.  It  was 
held  that  the  contract,  as  written,  was  complete.  The  defendant 
might  have  e-xpected  more,  and  he  might  during  the  negotia- 
tions have  contracted  for  more,  but,  when  the  contract  was  put 
in  writing,  that  expressed  the  result  of  the  negotiations  and 
oral  testimony  was  not  admissible  to  vary  its  terms.  (Green 
v.  Watts,  New  Jersey  Supreme  Court,  90  Atl.  667.) 

Saccharin  in  Drinks — Kscrimination 
In  a  prosecution  under  the  Missouri  act  of  April  7,  1911, 
prohibiting  the  adulteration  of  non-alcoholic  drinks  by  the  use 
of  saccharin  and  other  substances  therein  named,  it  appeared 
that  the  defendant  sold  a  bottle  of  soda  water  containing  one 
pint,  which  contained  .0229  of  one  gram  of  saccharin.  A  copy 
of  the  report  of  the  Remsen  Referee  Board  to  the  Secretary 
of  Agriculture  of  March  6,  1911,  was  introduced  in  evidence. 
This  report  contained  the  following  main  general  conclusions 
reached  by  the  referee  board: 

"(1)  Saccharin  in  small  quantities  (.3  gram  per  day  or  less) 
added  to  the  food  is  without  deleterious  or  poisonous  action, 
and  is  not  injurious  to  the  health  of  normal  adults,  so  far  as 
is  ascertainable  by  available  methods  of  study. 

"(2)  Saccharin  in  large  quantities  (over  .3  gram  per  day, 
and  especially  above  1  gram  daily)  added  to  the  food,  if  taken 


for   considerable  periods  of   time,   especially   after  months,   is 
liable  to  induce  disturbance  of  digestion." 

.According  to  the  evidence,  one  would  need  to  drink  about  13 
pints  of  the  defendant's  soda  water  in  24  hours  before  he  would 
get  to  the  danger  point  in  the  use  of  saccharin.  If  such  was 
the  case,  said  the  court,  the  amount  of  saccharin  in  the  defend- 
ant's soda  water  was  not  deleterious  to  health,  for  no  one  could 
be  so  addicted  to  its  use  as  to  consume  that  much.  But,  inde- 
pendent of  the  question  as  to  whether  such  use  of  saccharin 
was  deleterious,  it  was  held  that  the  statute  is  an  arbitrary 
discrimination  against  the  makers  of  soda  water.  It  may  be 
taken  for  granted  that  saccharin  is  or  may  be  used  in  foods  or 
drinks  which  are  non-alcoholic.  Whether  it  is  deleterious  to 
health  or  not,  it  is  certainly  an  arbitrary  discrimination  to  pro- 
hibit the  use  of  saccharin  in  non-alcoholic  drinks  and  not  pro- 
hibit its  use  in  other  foods  and  drinks.  If  it  is  deleterious  to 
health  in  one  case,  it  would  be  so  in  the  other.  If  it  was. 
the  purpose  of  the  Legislature  to  prevent  the  use  of  saccharin 
in  soda  water,  not  because  saccharin  is  deleterious,  but  because 
it  sweetens  the  soda  water,  then  it  is  an  arbitrary  discrimina- 
tion in  favor  of  those  who  sweeten  soda  water  with  sugar.  If 
the  Legislature  regarded  saccharin  as  deleterious  to  health,  it 
should  have  excluded  it  from  all  foods  and  drinks,  and  not 
merely  from  non-alcoholic  drinks.  If  the  pui-pose  was  merely 
to  prevent  the  sweetening  of  non-alcoholic  drinks  it  should  have 
prohibited  the  use  of  any  kind  of  sweetening  in  such  drinks. 
(State  v.  Empire  Bottling  Co.,  Missouri  Supreme  Court,  168- 
S.  W.  1176.) 

Food  and  Drugs  Act — "Added"  Defined — Misbranding- 

In  a  proceeding  to  condenm  a  quantity  of  a  syrup  called 
coca  cola  on  the  ground  that  it  was  adulterated  and  misbranded, 
the  Circuit  Court  of  .\ppeals  made  the  following  rulings.  For- 
feiture %vas  claimed  under  the  Federal  Food  and  Drugs  Act. 
It  was  held  that  the  word  "added"  in  section  7  of  that  act, 
declaring  that  an  article  shall  be  deemed  to  be  adulterated  if 
it  contain  any  added  poisonous  or  other  added  deleterious  in- 
gredient which  may  render  the  article  injurious  to  health,  im- 
plies the  existence  of  a  standard,  and  an  element  necessarily 
used  to  create  a  standard  is  not  added.  If  caffeine  was  the 
addition  to  coca  cola,  as  the  complainant  claimed,  what  was 
the  base?  For  15  years  before  the  passage  of  the  act,  coca  cola 
had  been  an  existing  article  of  food.  It  was  a  compound;  it 
had  no  distinctive  base  (unless  water,  by  reason  of  its  larger 
proportion )  ;  it  was  made  up  of  water,  sugar,  caffeine,  phos- 
phoric acid,  glycerin,  lime  juice,  coloring  matter,  flavoring  mat- 
ter and  "merchandise  No.  5."  The  test  that  whether  the  dele- 
terious ingredient  is  "ndded"  is  whether  this  ingredient  is  in  its. 
natural  or  in  an  artificial  form  may  often  be  a  useful  aid  in 
applying  and  interpreting  the  statute,  but  it  cannot  be  applied 
where  artificially  compounded  foods  are  under  consideration. 
In  construing  clause  5  of  section  7,  it  is  necessary  to  consider 
section  S  of  the  act,  providing  that  an  article  of  food  which 
does  not  contain  any  added  poisonous  or  deleterious  ingredient 
shall  not  be  deemed  to  be  adulterated  or  misbranded,  in  speci- 
fied cases,  and  when  so  construed,  the  act  requires  a  standard' 
before  there   can  be  any   added  ingredient  or  adulteration. 

The  act  it  is  held,  makes  no  distinction  between  compounds 
known  at  its  date  and  those  thereafter  devised,  but  it  does  not 
absolutely  forbid  the  use  in  any  compoimd  of  any  element  that 
a  jury  may  call  deleterious.  Congress,  having  selected  and' 
regulated  the  use  of  those  things  known  to  be  particularly  dan- 
gerous, has  not  wholly  forbidden  other  things  from  which  no 
serious  danger  need  be  anticipated.  The  word  "added"  may 
be  construed  as  being  used  w-ith  reference  to  a  possibly  dele- 
terious food  ingredient  beyond  the  quantity  in  which  the  in- 
gredient is  normally  foimd  in  usual  or  customary  articles  of 
food,  and  no  such  ingredient  should  be  considered  as  added, 
provided  it  is  present  only  in  the  quantity  in  which  it  existed 
in  common  articles  of  foods  generally  known.  So  construed^ 
caffeine  is  not  an  added  deleterious  ingredient  of  coca  cola. 

The  compound  known  as  coca  cola  was  held  not  to  be  mis- 
branded, the  name  being  a  distinctive  name  of  the  product  of 
the  manufacturer  thereof  and  of  nothing  else.  "Coca"  is  indi- 
cative of  one  article,  and  "cola"  of  another  distinct  article,  and 
the  combination  was  not  descriptive  of  any  substance  or  com- 
bination known  until  adopted  by  the  manufacturer,  and  is  still 
unknown  as  an  appellation  for  any  other  substance  on  the 
market.  (United  States  v.  40  Barrels  and  20  Kegs  of  Coca 
Cola,  C.  C.  A.,  215  Fed.  535.) 


December.  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


5G1 


Conducted  by  EMMA  GARY  WALLACE 


Greetings 


THE  month  of  Christmas  is  with  us  again. 
The  year  has  brought  much  for  which  to 
be  thankful  and  much  to  regret.  Our  own 
country  has  been  wondrously  blessed  and  it  is  our 
earnest  hope  that  peace  and  prosperity  may  con- 
tinue within  our  borders. 

During  the  months  which  have  passed,  much 
correspondence  has  come  to  my  desk  which  has 
cheered  and  encouraged  me  in  my  work.  Many 
have  endeared  themselves  greatly  through  their 
letters  and  the  helpful  spirit  of  co-operation  ex- 
tended. That  is  just  what  this  Department  is 
for — that  we  may  all  come  nearer  together  and 
be  helpful  to  each  other.  In  the  year  to  come  let 
us  not  forget  what  we  may  give  as  well  as  what 
we  may  gain,  for  the  spirit  of  this  Department  is 
the  Christmas  spirit,  throughout  the  entire  course 
of  the  months. 

I  hope  that  peace  and  material  blessings  may 
be  granted  in  full  measure,  pressed  down,  shaken 
together,  and  running  over,  for  each  and  every 
one  of  the  great  Er.'s.  family.  I  hope  that  joy, 
the  love  of  work,  and  the  love  of  mankind,  may 
fill  the  hearts  of  all,  so  that  the  New  Year  upon 
which  we  are  soon  to  enter  will  be  a  golden  one 
above  all  others  yet  lived. 

A  Merry  Christmas — a  very,  very  Merry 
Christmas,  and  the  best  and  brightest  of  New 
Years. 

I   am,   as  ever, 

Cordially  and  fraternally, 

Emma  Gary  Wallace. 


Machine,  Pharmacist  and  Bank  Book 

THE  pharmacist  who  is  not  interested  in  increasing  his  or 
her  bank  account  is  a  rara  avis.  This  is  an  entirely 
laudable,  even  a  necessary  ambition,  for  prosperity  is  abso- 
lutely essential  for  self-preservation  and  efficient,  up-to-thc- 
minulc  service. 

Many  a  fine  pharmacist  buys  with  discriminating  care,  se- 
lecting drugs  of  purest  quality  and  of  highest  standard  strength 
and  test;  he  compounds  his  medicines  with  the  consinvjnate 
skill  it  has  taken  years  and  much  experience  to  acquire ;  con- 
signs them  to  high  grade  bottles,  pasteboard  boxes,  porcc'ain 
jars,  or  tin  containers — the  best  on  the  market;  and  then  spoils 
the  appearance  of  the  whole  costly  process  by  an  indlfjcrenlly 
written  or  blurred  label. 

We  sometimes  forget  that  a  chain  is  no  sti'ongcr  than  its 
weakest  link.  A  certain  miner  proved  this  to  las  '.'ii.ioine 
when  he  allowed  himself  to  be  lowered  into  ihc  shaft  of  a 
mine  by  a  chain  which  was  perfectly  sound,  save  for  one 
rather  weak  loop  of  metal.  His  fellows  were  doubtful  J':t  he 
said  he  would  take  the  risk.  When  his  weigiit  |):i;'.cd  the 
chain  taut,  the  untrustworthy  link  had  exactly  as  much  strain 
to  bear  as  the  good  links.  It  parted  and  he  was  riaslicd  to  his 
leath.  No  matter  how  sound  the  buying,  the  'aboratovy  pro- 
cesses, the  service,  or  the  credit  system,  a  poor  labeling  link 
may  be  responsible  for  serious  disaster. 

The  customer  sees  the  label.  He  scarcely  gives  the  rest  of 
the  system  a  thought.  Why  should  he?  He  knows  nothing  of 
it  and  perhaps  cares  less.  His  idea  of  the  prescription  work, 
in  fact,  is  shaped  by  the  neatness,  legibility,  and  professional 
appearance  of  the  label  directions.  This  is  perfectly  natural 
and  it  follows  that  public  opinion  (and  consequently  patron- 
age) will  be  influenced  favorably  or  unfavorably,  by  the  style 
of  the  prescriptions  and   prescription  copies  sent  out,   the  ap- 


pearance of  letters,  bills,  and  statements.  In  this  last  step  of 
the  work  done,  doctors,  nurses,  and  customers  judge  the  nature 
of  the  work  back  of  it  as  progressive,  thorough,  efficient,  or 
old-fashioned,   careless,   and  weak. 

For  this,  if  nothing  more,  the  pharmacist  of  to-day  needs 
a  typewriter  especially  adapted  to  the  exigencies  of  the  busi- 
ness. Anyone  who  is  of  average  intelligence,  can  learn  to  run 
such  a  machine.  It  is  merely  a  mechanical  process,  not  a 
fraction  as  complicated  as  learning  to  read  or  write.  It  takes 
years  to  do  that.  A  typewriter  can  be  operated  as  soon  as  its 
workings  have  been  explained.  A  little  experience  will  develop 
satisfactory   speed. 

To  meet  the  demand  for  a  machine  with  a  keyboard  espe- 
cially suited  to  the  doctor  and  druggist,  a  machine  has  re- 
cently been  placed  on  the  market,  at  exactly  half  the  price 
of  an  ordinary  standard  product. 

In  the  language  of  the  small  boy,  this  is  a  "bird,"  for  its 
operation  is  as  light  as  a  feather,  the  work  is  graceful,  and  as 
clear-cut  as  well-made  type,  black  ink,  and  white  paper  can 
produce.  It  is  delightfully  handy  to  be  able  to  touch  a  key 
and  write  tlie  various  symbols,  Gtt.,  M.,  fl.,  5,  S,  9,  etc.  This 
is  adequate  to  take  care  of  all  the  store  work  or  can  be 
auxiliary  to  a  regular  office  machine  as  the  needs  of  the  busi- 
ness demand. 

Certain  it  is  that  neatly  typewritten  labels  for  prescriptions 
and  packages,  special  timely  letters  to  physicians  and  nurses 
(with  the  personal  element  such  a  letter  possesses),  calling 
attention  to  new  products  and  branches  of  service,  will  bear 
fruit  in  tlie  way  of  greatly  increased  business. 

The  saving  of  time  is  also  an  element  not  to  be  overlooked, 
for  a  better  system  is  possible.  Letters  will  be  answered  more 
promptly  and  carbons  may  be  kept  of  replies,  saving  all 
chances  of  misunderstandings.  A  good  scheme  is  to  use  the 
back  of  the  letter  from  your  correspondent  for  the  carbon  of 
your  reply.  This  saves  filing  extra  paper.  Money  or  an  un- 
pleasant situation  is  often  saved  by  knowing  and  being  able 
to  prove  exactly  what  a   bargain  or  agreement  was. 

In  many  stores.  Post  Office  Sub-Stations  are  maintained 
which  often  tax  one's  time  heavily  in  proportion  to  the  income 
received.  Sometimes  a  book-keeper  has  to  be  kept  purposely 
to  take  care  of  this  work.  Another  machine  is  availaijie,  of 
the  combined  typewriter-adding-niachine  variety,  upon  which 
the  work  may  be  done  swiftly  and  accurately,  several  columns 
of  footings  being  totaled  or  subtractions  made  automatically, 
from  the  working  of  the  regular  typewriter  keyboard. 

If  any  wholesale  business  is  done,  this  marvelous  machine 
is  almost  indispensable,  as  the  cost  is  soon  saved  in  time 
gained. 

We  often  hear  the  cry,  "It  is  not  the  material  which  costs 
so  much  now-a-days.  It  is  the  labor!"  And  this  is  true. 
Machinery  is  cheaper  than  human  energy,  takes  no  time  off, 
and  never  goes  on  troublesome  strikes. 

There  are  things  we  need  in  our  business,  concerning  which 
the  question  may  well  be  asked,  "Can  we  aftbrd  to  be  with- 
out them?"  One  man  was  interested  in  the  last  machine  de- 
scribed, but  felt  he  could  not  afford  to  purchase.  The  dem- 
onstrator asked  for  a  column  of  figures  to  add  taken  from  his 
ledger.  As  chance  would  have  it,  that  first  demonstration 
detected  an  error  of  two  hundred  dollars  and  that  too,  against 
him.     It  didn't  take  him  long  to  reverse  his  original  opinion. 

.A  good  machine,  if  in  line  with  our  needs,  will  save  money 
on  one  end  and  increase  the  profits  on  the  other  end — a  pretty 
sure  way  of  accumulating  a  bank  account,  when  all  is  said 
and  done. 


Louisville    Ladies    Hear    Interesting'    Talk    on    Blind 

W.  O.  N.  .\.  R.  D.  Chapter  11.  Louisville,  Ky.,  held  its 
regular  monthly  meeting  at  the  Public  Library  on  Nov.  5th. 
A  feature  of  the  occasion  was  an  address  by  Miss  Susan  B. 
Merwin,  superintendent  of  the  Kentucky  Institute  for  the 
Education  of  the  Blind,  who  dwelt  at  length  on  the  advantages 
offered  blind  children.  The  members  accepted  tlte  speaker's 
invitation   to   visit   the    institution. 


562 


THE   PIIAKIMACErTll'A].   ERA 


[December,   1914 


Mrs.  Charles  Bruxstrom 
Member  Board  Directors 


Mks.  H.  E.  Rowe 
Prcs.  Rock  Island  Chapter 


Mrs. 
Member 


Joii.N  T,  Roe 
Board  Directors 


W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.  Organization  Ideals 


"0' 


J'R  efforts  this  v.'inter  will  be  directed  to  the  enter- 
tainment of  our  members  and  their  families,  at  eve- 
ning parties,  thereby  endeavoring  to  let  our  husbands 
forge^  their  troubles,  temporarily  at  least,  and  bring  our  fami- 
lies closer  together  socially. 

".\t  our  regular  meetings  a  part 
of  the  afternoon  will  be  spent 
in  making  articles  to  be  donated 
to  some   charitable   institution. 

"Our  earnest  desire  is  to  get 
the  wife  of  every  proprietor  and 
drug  clerk  in  Rock  Island  Coun- 
ty to  become  a  member  of  our 
Chapter  and  the  National  Or- 
ganization." (Signed)  Mrs.  H.  E. 
Ro\\-E,  Pres.  Rock  Island,  111., 
Chap.  No.  15. 


".\  reform  that  should  be 
pushed  vigorously,  by  our  Local 
and  National  Associations,  is  a 
campaign  for  shorter  hours  for 
druggists  and  clerks,  enabling 
them  to  spend  their  Sundays  and 
winter  evenings  at  home  with 
their  families."  (Signed)  Mrs. 
Charles  Brunstrom,  Member 
Board  of  Directors. 


"To-day  is  a  small  space,  but  as  our  days  add  into  each 
month  and  year  and  life-time,  so  must  their  thoughts  and 
sweet  memories  of  Chapter  9  ever  grow  and  accumulate  into 
mighty   forces   for   peace   and   brotherly   love."    (Signed)    Mrs. 

John  T.  Roe,  Member  Board  of 

Directors. 


"Vacation  days  having  passed. 
Mobile  Chapter,  in  its  quiet  wa\. 
has  opened  its  doors,  but  with  a 
nev\Tiess  of  purpose — a  sort  of 
revival  of  all  that  is  best  in  mind 
and  heart.  Having  the  armor  of 
faith,  we  hope  to  accomplish  the 
first    needs    and    purpose    of    the  Mrs.  F.  E. 

Organization:  President  W.  O. 

"To  bring  together  by  the 
sweetness     of     congeniality,    and 

helpfulness  to  one  another,  this  band  of  men,  working  out  the 
destiny   of   the   man-loving   and   God-fearing   pharmacist. 

"Having  learned  for  ourselves,  we  hoiie  to  teach  the  men 
that  cake  is  bitter  when  a  brother's  home  lacks  bread — not 
the  bread  to  satisfy  material  hunger,  but  the  mental  bread  that 
strengthens  the  mind,  the  bread  of  .-iunshine  and  love;  the 
bread  of  true  fraternity. 


"I  think  THE  thing  that  would 
bring  tlie  most  happiness  to  men 
and  women  and  all  concerned 
would  be  shorter  hours  and  Sun- 
day closing — that  the  druggists 
could  be  on  a  more  equal  basis 
with  other  business  men  and 
have  more  time  for  their  families. 
This  is  what  I  hope  the  future 
has  in  store  for  the  druggists." 
(Signed)  Mrs.  F.  E.  McBride, 
Pres.   W.  O.  N.   A.   R.  D. 


AROUITD  THE   CIRCUIT 

Miss  Mabel  C.  Starr  is  the 
pharmacist  in  charge  at  the 
Methodist  Episcopal  Hospital, 
South  Broad  street,  corner  of 
Wolf,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Mrs,  F,  E.  McBride  will  sure- 
ly be  a  very  busy  woman  this 
year.  Besides  serving  as  presi- 
dent of  the  W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D., 
she  recently  acted  as  chairman  of 
the  local  convention  at  the 
Youngstown,  Ohio,  State  Fed- 
eration meeting.  This  entailed 
a  great  deal  of  work.  She  is 
McBride  also    chairman    of    Civics    in    the 

N.  A.  R.  D.  Ohio  State  Federation  and  chair- 

man of  Public  Health  and  Sani- 
tation, which  is  one  of  the  most 
important  standing  committees  of  that  influential  body. 
She  is  president  of  the  Youngstown  Research  Club,  which  she 
organized  in  1894,  and  is  one  of  the  charter  members  of  the 
Youngstown  Women's  Up-to-Date  Club.  Mrs.  McBride  orga- 
nized the  Youngstown  W.  O.  N.  A.  R.  D.,  of  which  she  is 
president.  These,  with  numerous  other  interests,  keep  her 
hands    and    her    time    fully    occupied. 


y.%zmmi>W(Xi}Xi[iyt'iiWJ^i^^^^^ 


Mostly  Personal 


— Mrs.  Floren'CE  S.  Jinta,  formerly  of  Baltimore,  and  later 
of  Pekin,  China,  has  returned  to  Washington,  D.  C,  where 
she  has  enrolled  as  a  student  in  the  department  of  pharmacy 
of  George  Washington  University.  Mrs.  Jinta  has  had  her 
life  filled  with  adventure  and  tragedy.  Her  husband,  Takashi 
Jinta,  a  Japanese,  was  in  the  employ  of  the  United  States  as 
an  immigration  inspector,  and  was  murdered  by  Chinese  tongs 
last  year.  With  her  two  little  sons,  ilrs.  Jinta  then  returned 
to  China,  to  make  her  home  with  Capt.  Tang,  of  the  Chinese 
navy,  her  husband's  foster  father.  Her  children  remain  in 
China,  and  Mrs.  Jinta  intends  to  make  it  her  permanent  home. 
Her  efforts  here  will  be  devoted  to  preparing  herself  for  work 
in  that  country. 

— Morse  S.  Ascher,  of  329  John  R.  street,  Detroit,  Mich., 
thinks  that  all  thieves  are  not  as  bad  as  they  are  painted.  A 
young  man  entered  his  store  one  night  recently,  asked  for  a 
cigar,  and  instead  of  presenting  some  coin,  presented  a  shiny 
revolver,  and  asked  to  be  allowed  to  inspect  the  cash  register. 
Mr.  Ascher  informed  the  visitor  that  he  was  only  the  clerk  in 
the  store,  and  was  accordingly  not  made  to  deliver  all  his 
personal  wealth  in  addition.  Although  the  yield  of  the  cash 
register  was  meager,  only  $3.00,  the  robber  thanked  the  drug- 
gist and  left  tlie  store.  Four  years  ago  Mr.  Ascher  was  made 
to  stand  and  deliver  four  times  within  the  twelvemonth,  but 
this  last  experience  is  the  first  time  that  he  has  been  thanked 
for  his  generosity. 

— J.  H.  Webster,  proprietor  of  the  drug  store  at  933  La- 
fayette avenue,  Detroit,  Mich.,  goes  about  his  store  "heeled," 
since  he  has  been  alarmed  by  the  many  recent  holdups  in  his 
neighborhood,  but  his  young  clerk,  Julius  \\".  Smith,  was  un- 
protected when  a  bandit  marched  into  the  store,  at  9  o'clock 
of  a  sunny  morning,  and  persuaded  Smith  to  take  him  to  the 
cash  register.  The  clerk  tactfully  introduced  his  visitor  to  the 
little  till  back  of  the  soda  counter,  from  which  only  S28  were 
extracted.  The  robber  evidently  did  not  have  his  mind  on 
his  work,  as  he  %valked  twice  past  the  main  cash  register  of 
the  store  and  did  not  notice  it,  although  he  could  have  made 
a  rich  haul  there.     The  holdup  man  finally  escaped. 

— WiLLL^M  F.  Saw^ir,  of  Boston,  formerly  secretary  of  the 
Massachusetts  Board  of  Registration  in  Pharmacy,  was  one  of 
the  seven  members  who  dined  at  the  Revere  house,  Boston, 
recently,  the  remaining  septet  of  100  young  men  who  half  a 
century  ago  composed  a  literary  and  debating  society  in  Fal- 
tonville,  now  the  town  of  Hudson,  ilass.  Although  the  club 
has  long  since  passed  out  of  existence,  the  survivors,  or  as 
many  of  them  as  are  able,  gather  once  a  year  at  the  Revere 
house  in  Boston,  and  keep  alive  the  memory  of  the  early  days. 
Dr.  Sawyer  acts  as  secretary  of  the  "Once  a  Years,"  as  it  is 
now  called,  merely  to  notify  his  associates  of  the  date  of 
the  dirmer. 

— W.  W.  Cherry,  a  druggist  at  Orleans  and  .Aisquith 
streets,  Baltimore,  had  a  trying  experience  one  night  recently, 
when,  after  going  behind  the  prescription  counter  to  measure 
out  a  quantity  of  witch  hazel  for  a  negro,  he  turned  to  see  the 
pretended  customer  rifling  the  cash  drawer.  Dr.  Cherry  de- 
manded of  the  negro  to  know  what  he  was  doing,  and  by  way 
of  answer  the  colored  man  thrust  a  pistol  in  his  face  and  told 
him  to  throw  up  his  hands.  Dr.  Cherry  promptly  dropped 
behind  a  counter,  whereupon  the  robber  went  out.  An  exami- 
nation of  the  cash  drawer  showed  that  several  dollars  were 
missing. 


— Miss  Madeline  Gilmore,  of  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  has  the 
distinction  of  being  the  youngest  woman  pharmacist  in  the  city, 
and  one  of  the  youngest  in  the  State.  She  was  graduated 
from  the  Cincinnati  College  of  Pharmacy  with  honors  in  the 
class  of  1912,  only  two  years  ago,  as  the  youngest  member  of 
the  class,  and  in  October  passed  the  State  examination  for 
registered  pharmacists  with  flying  colors.  She  took  the  assist- 
ant's examination  some  time  before,  qualifying  easily.  Since 
her  entrance  into  professional  work  Miss  Gilmore  has  been 
connected  with  the  George  E.  Smith  Pharmacy  at  Clark  and 
Baymiller  streets,    Cincinnati. 

— President  A.  L.  Killmbr,  of  the  Iowa  State  Ph. A., 
was  recently  quoted  in  the  local  press  of  his  section  of  the 
State,  to  the  effect  that  the  X..\.R.D.  was  making  no  effort 
to  raise  and  keep  prices  at  a  certain  general  level.  The 
secretary  of  the  State  Board  of  Health  has  been  agitating 
for  an  investigation  by  the  State  .\ttorney,  alleging  that  the 
druggists  in  using  the  N.A.R.D.  prescription  price  mark  are 
violating  the  Sherman  anti-trust  law.  The  case  of  a  State 
employe  will  be  used  as  the  basis  of  the  investigation. 
It  is  said  that  the  druggist  looked  at  the  "mark"  and  charged 
$1.50. 

— Edw-\rd  F.  Krekcler,  drug  clerk  in  Rapp's  drug  store  at 
Longworth  and  Plum  streets,  Cincinnati,  has  filed  suit  for 
$5,000  damages  against  a  police  lieutenant  of  that  city,  on 
the  charge  of  false  arrest.  He  alleges  that  on  July  4  last,  at 
about  1  a.  m.,  when  he  was  in  charge  of  the  store,  the  officer 
placed  him  under  arrest  and  had  him  taken  to  the  station  in 
a  patrol  wagon,  and  that  he  was  held  until  next  morning 
without  any  charge  being  placed  against  him,  and  then  re- 
leased. 

— Leox.^kd  D.  Worden,  who  for  the  past  ten  years  has 
represented  McKesson  &  Robbins  and  Schieffelin  &  Co.  in  the 
state  of  New  York,  has  now  gone  into  the  real  estate  business 
in  ^^'atertown,  N.  Y.,  where  he  is  making  a  specialty  of  the 
sale  and  purchase  of  drug  stores.  >f'  "A'orden  is  wellknown 
to  the  druggists  of  New  York  State,  and  especially  qualified 
to  assist  them  in  the  sale  and  purchase  of  stores.  He  has  a 
half  interest  in  two  drug  stores  at  Geneva,  N.  Y. 

— M.\RSH.\LL  M.  Bradburx,  One  of  the  best  known  druggists 
of  the  Crescent  City,  has  been  nominated  to  be  U.  S.  examiner 
of  drugs  at  New  Orleans,  and  was  sworn  in  on  Nov.  4.  Mr. 
Bradbum  was  a  member  of  the  Louisiana  State  Board  of 
Pharmacy,  having  been  appointed  in  190S,  and  was  the  Board's 
examiner  in  chemistry,  and  chairman  of  the  finance  committee. 
He  is  also  a  member  of  the  State  Pharmaceutical  Association. 

— Eugene  Pope  Pitjcell,  the  well  known  druggist  of 
Waynesville,  N.  C,  was  married  Oct.  14  to  Mrs.  Julia  Hopple 
South,  of  Clearwater,  Fla.  The  wedding  was  a  surprise  to  all 
their  friends.  Mr.  Purcell  was  in  the  drug  business  for  16 
years  in  Charlotte  and  Reidsville  before  coming  to  W'aynes\'iUe, 
and  is  known  to  many  in  the  trade,  especially  in  central  Caro- 
lina. He  is  connected  with  the  Chautauqua  Drug  Co.,  and 
with  the  Haywood  Orchards  Co. 

— Le.\nder  Parkhu-rst,  president  of  the  Ropes  Drug  Co., 
Lynn,  Mass..  has  resigned  his  active  business  interests,  and 
intends  to  , demonstrate  his  belief  in  the  "back  to  the  soil" 
theory.  For  a  number  of  years  Mr.  Parkhurst  has  been  inter- 
ested in  the  Blossom  Finca  Co.,  of  Porto  Rico,  growers  of  the 
Blossom  brand  of  fruits,  and  he  will  devote  most  of  his  time 
in  future  to  the  development  of  his  large  plantations  in  the 
Bayamon  district  of  that  island. 

— T.  N.  Edwards,  a  well  known  pharmacist  of  Charlotte, 
N.  C,  has  purchased  the  Charlotte  Drug  Co.,  with  which  he 
was  formerly  identified.     Mr.   Edwards  has  been   in   the   drug 


564 


THE   PTTARMArErTTCAL    ERA 


[December,   1914 


business   for   Uie  past   16   years,   and   is   widely   known   to   the 

trade.      He    was  formerly    employed    by    W.    M.    Wilson,    the 

veteran  druggist  of   Charlotte,   and   later   held   a    position   with 
J.  \V.  Bullock. 

— M.\.\  Tetzuvfp,  a  wellknown  druggist  of  Watertown,  Wis  , 
was  married  recently  to  Miss  Ella  .Schoenleben.  of  Racine, 
Wis.  The  ceremony  was  performed  by  the  Rev.  J.  F.  Boerger 
at  the  St.  John's  Lutheran  church  and  was  followed  by  a  re- 
ception at  the  home  of  the  bride's  parents,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  John 
Scliocnleben.  The  newly-married  couple  took  a  wedding  trip 
to  New  York  and  other  eastern  points. 

— James  B.  M.\ck,  for  34  years  a  representative  of  Meyer 
Bros.  Drug  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  has  left  the  road,  and  will 
take  a  needed  rest.  Mr.  ilack  began  his  business  career  at 
tlie  age  of  14,  when  he  entered  the  drug  firm  of  Smith  &  Fer- 
guson, Springfield,  Mo.  After  staying  with  this  house  for  12 
years,  he  changed  to  Meyer  Brothers,  and  has  covered  south- 
west Missouri  and  northern  .'\rkansas  continuously  since  then. 

— Akthony  Schaich,  owner  of  Schaich's  Drug  Store,  Read- 
ing, Pa.,  gave  a  complimentary  dinner  Oct.  29  to  the  officials 
and  employes  of  the  Neversink  Mountain  Railway  Co.,  a 
terminus  of  which  is  located  at  the  same  point  as  Mr.  Schaich's 
pharmacy.  He  congratulated  all  present  on  the  courtesy  and 
attention  manifested  by  the  raihway  employes  toward  passengers, 
both  on  the  cars  and  in  his  place  of  business. 

— Elwell  Hoyt,  proprietor  of  the  Crown  Drug  Co.,  Taco- 
ma.  Wash.,  was  afforded  novel  entertainment  on  the  night 
of  Oct.  30  by  the  strange  behavior  of  a  man  who  entered  the 
store,  invited  the  druggist  back  into  his  own  office,  and  held 
forth  in  various  ways,  pending  the  arrival  of  the  police.  The 
visitor  was  found  to  be  Hugh  IMcGovern,  a  patient  who  had 
escaped  from  the  West  Washington  Hospital  for  the  Insane. 

— Carlo  Vespaziano,  a  druggist  at  114  Common  street, 
Lawrence,  Mass..  was  attacked  on  Oct.  14  by  an  unknown 
man,  who  entered  as  a  customer,  and  without  provocation  or 
warning  slashed  \'espaziano'3  cheek  from  the  mouth  to  the 
ear.  The  assailant  had  time  to  escape,  and  has  not  been  cap- 
tured.    Fifteen  stitches  were   required  to  close   the   wound. 

— R.  W.  HART-mc,  SOO  Milwaukee  ave.,  Chicago,  III.,  was 
one  of  a  party  which  recently  sjient  a  month  in  America's 
SwiUerland,  near  .Alberta,  B.  C.  Leaving  Chicago  Sept.  5. 
the  tourists,  with  guides,  arrived  at  Robson's  Pass  Sept.  9,  and 
returned  to  Chicago  on  Sept.  28.  The  party  spent  most  of  the 
time  "roughing  it,"   and  game  was  plentiful. 

— H.\RRY  Springer,  of  Muscatine,  la.,  delivered  an  address 
on  "Price  Cutting  and  its  Demoralizing  Effects,"  at  the  first 
annual  conference  of  the  University  of  Iowa  Pharmacy  College 
-Alumni,  held  at  Iowa  City  on  Oct.  23.  Mr.  Springer  is  a 
graduate  of  the  University,  and  has  showed  his  loyalty  to 
his  alma  mater  by  naming  his  store  the  S.  U.  I.  Pharmacy. 

— Frank  C.  Good.\le,  of  Lowell,  Mass.,  one  of  the  oldest 
druggists  in  that  city,  has  retired  from  business.  For  30  years 
he  has  been  located  at  the  corner  of  Central  and  Jackson 
sts.,  and  has  seen  all  those  men  who  began  business  with  him 
disappear  from  the  horizon,  with  the  exception  of  A.  W.  Dows. 

—Dr.  Geo.  Lehman,  formerly  a  Portsmouth,  O.,  pharmacist, 
and  now  on  the  sales  force  of  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.,  recently 
was  the  victim  of  a  severe  attack  of  acute  indigestion  which 
almost  ended  his  life.  The  seizure  came  at  a  hotel  in  Lan- 
caster.    He  is  now  recovering  at  his  home  in  Columbus. 

—J.  N.  M.\ckenzie,  owner  of  the  Rexall  drug  store  in 
W'aukegan,  111.,  retired  from  business  on  Nov.  7,  and  will  lo- 
cate anew  in  southern  California,  where  he  goes  for  the  benefit 
of  his  wife's  health.  He  has  not  yet  decided  whether  he  will 
re-enter  the  drug  business. 

—George  G.  Muth,  of  Muth  Bros.  &  Co.,  wholesale  drug- 
gists at  Baltimore,  has  been  taking  a  motor  trip  through  the 
Catskills  and  the  Mohawk  'Valley  with  a  party  of  friends. 
Later  he  went  by  motor  from  Albany  to  Boston  and  through 
the  White  Mountains. 

— .Algernon  S.  Tyler,  late  partner  in  the  A.  W.  Larson 
drug  store  at  Marshalltown,  Iowa,  was  married  recently  to 
Miss  Amy  Snyder.  After  a  honeymoon  in  Washington,  D.  C, 
and  other  Eastern  points,  Mi.  Tyler  will  seek  a  new  location 
for  a  drug  store. 

— Andrew  Cijnningham,  head  of  the  Cunningham  system 
of  drug  stores  in  Detroit,  Mich.,  gave  a  banquet  to  his  em- 
ployes Oct.  28,  in  commemoration  of  the  twenty-fifth  anniver- 


sary of  his  starting  in  the  drug  bushicss  at  264  Joscpli  Campau 
ave. 

— E.  P.  J.  Harms,  for  19  years  a  druggist  at  Hutchinson, 
Minn.,  has  sold  his  store  to  Edward  Scheele,  and  will  move 
with  his  family  to  St.  Paul,  later  visiting  the  Pacific  Coast, 
where  he  may  decide  to  take  up  his  residence. 

— Ch.\rles  E.  McCormick,  manager  of  the  branch  pharmacy 
of  Hynson,  Westcott  &  Co.,  at  North  and  Linden  avenues, 
Baltimore,  was  married  on  November  7,  to  Miss  Annie  E. 
Utermohle.    The  couple  spent  their  honeymoon  on  a  tour  south. 

— H.  E.  Wic'ii,  who  succeeded  his  father,  C.  L.  Wich,  in 
the  proprietorship  of  the  pharmacy  at  Patterson  avenue  and 
Strieker  street,  Baltimore,   was  married  recently. 

— Marcus  Gebrich,  for  many  years  a  druggist  at  Stanford, 
111.,  has  been  appointed  postmaster  at  that  place,  and  will 
shortly  open  a  postoffice  in  his  new  building. 

— Hugh  W.  Taggart,  a  druggist  located  on  Connnercial  St., 
Waterloo,  la.,  was  recently  operated  on  at  St.  Francis  Hospital, 
and  is  reported  to  be  recovering  favorably. 

— John  Uri  Lloyd,  of  Cincinnati,  was  a  visitor  in  Dallas, 
Texas,  recently,  attending  the  Texas  Eclectic  Medical  Associa- 
tion convention  and  the  State  Fair. 

— George  Jay,  druggist,  of  Shenandoah,  la.,  has  been  ap- 
pointed a  member  of  the  executive  committee  of  the  Com- 
mercial  Club  of  his  city. 


DR.    WILLAM    C.    ALPEES    HEADS    A.    PH.A. 

La'Wall,   Ruddiman  and   Brown   Kfew  'Vice-Presidents 
— Apijle,  Mayo  and  Arny  Elected  to  Council 


DR.  WILLIAM  C.  ALPERS,  of  Cleveland,  Ohio,  was 
elected  president  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  -Asso- 
ciation in  the  recent  mail  ballot  for  officers  and  members 
of  the  Council,  according  to  the  announcement  of  General  Sec- 
retary W.  B,  Day.     Others  elected  are  as  follows: 

First  vice  president,  Charles 
H.  LaWall,  Philadelphia;  sec- 
ond vice  president,  E.  A.  Rud- 
diman, Nashville,  Tenn. ;  third 
vice  president,  L.  A.  Brown, 
Lexington,  Ky.;  members  of 
the  Council,  Caswell  A.  Mayo, 
New  York,  F.  M.  Apple, 
Philadelphia,  and  H.  V.  Arny. 

The  new  president,  who 
will  begin  his  term  of  office 
at  the  close  of  the  next  annual 
meeting  of  the  association,  i.s 
well  known  as  a  practical 
pharmacist,  educator  and  au- 
thor. He  opened  a  pharmacy 
in  Bayonne,  N.  J.,  and  in 
1894  was  appointed  a  mem- 
ber of  the  New  Jersey  Board 
of  Pharmacy.  In  1899,  he 
was  elected  president  of  the  jjr.  William  C.  Alpers 
New     Jersey     Pharmaceutical 

Association.  He  then  became  proprietor  of  a  retail  pharmacy 
in  the  metropolis.  He  has  served  several  terms  as  president 
of  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society  of  this  city,  and  has  been 
connected  with  the  editorial  staff  of  the  Deiitsch-Amerikanische 
Apothckcr-Zcitung  of  this  city.  Early  in  the  present  year  he 
was  appointed  professor  of  pharmacy  and  dean  of  the  Cleveland 
School  of  Pharmacy,  a  department  of  Western  Reserve  Uni- 
versity, and  assumed  his  new  duties  on  Feb.   1. 


Drug-gist  Convicted  of  Selling'  Narcotics 
Samuel  Goldmer,  known  for  years  as  a  reputable  druggist 
at  920  Fourth  avenue,  Brooklyn,  was  sentenced  to  three  months 
in  the  penitentiary  following  his  conviction  for  the  illegal  sale 
of  narcotic  drugs  to  habitues.  Many  pleas  for  mercy  were 
made  in  behalf  of  the  druggist,  but  the  court  was  determined 
that  an  example  should  be  set  to  aid  in  ending  the  illegal 
traffic  in  banned  drugs.  According  to  the  evidence,  one  drug 
addict  kejjt  a  record  for  the  police  of  the  heroin  tablets  which 
he  purchased  of  the  druggist  in  quantities  of  200,  400,  42,  etc. 
It  was  asserted  in  court  by  the  District-.Attorney's  representa- 
tive that  Goldmer,  despite  his  well-established  reputable  busi- 
ness, was  stooping  to  the  illegal  sale  of  drugs  to  the  boys  and 
girls  in  the  neighborhood. 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


565 


Obituaries 


thirty-second  degree  Mason,  a  member  of  the  Upper  Montckir 
county  club  and  ^\'as  on  the  board  of  governors  of  that  or- 
ganization. He  also  belonged  to  several  social  organizations. 
His  wife,  two  sons,  two  brothers  and  two  sisters  survive  him. 


JAMES   N.    NORTH 

James  N.  North,  president  of  the  .Vmerican  Soda  Fountain 
Company,  died  November  1  at  his  home  in  Brookline,  Mass., 
after  a  short  illness,  at  the  age  of  73  years.  Mr.  North  was 
bom  at  Wilmot,  N.  S.,  September  10,  1841,  and  came  to  Bos- 
ton as  a  young  man,  and  attended  the  Boston  schools.  .\t  the 
age  of  17  he  went  to  New 
Orleans  where  he  entered  the 
employ  of  an  auctioneer.  He 
was  next  employed  as  a  clerk 
on  a  line  of  steamboats  plying 
between  New  Orleans  and 
Shreveport.  At  the  outbreak 
of  the  Civil  War  he  returned 
to  Boston  and  enlisted  in  a 
Massachusetts  infantry  regi- 
ment. 

After  the  war  he  studied 
theology  at  the  Harvard  Di- 
vinity School,  and  was  in  1870 
called  as  an  assistant  to  Rev. 
George  H.  Hepworth  at  the 
Church  of  the  Messiah,  this 
city.  Shortly  thereafter,  he 
returned  to  Boston  and  be- 
came associated  with  James 
W.  Tufts  in  the  manufacture  ^^^^^^  ^    ^^^^^ 

of  soda  water  apparatus.  He  se- 
cured an  interest  in  the  Tufts 

business  in  1876.  and  upon  the  organization  of  the  American 
Soda  Fountain  Company  in  1896,  he  was  made  treasurer  of 
that  corporation.  In  1902,  he  succeeded  James  W.  Tufts  as 
president. 

Mr.  North  was  active  in  the  affairs  of  the  Unitarian  denomi- 
nation. He  was  also  eminent  in  Masonry,  and  in  the  Grand 
Army  of  the  Republic.  He  was  a  member  of  Edward  W. 
Kinsley  Post,  and  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion. 
A  son,  two  daughters  and  eight  grandchildren  survive  him. 
His  wife  died  July  14,  1913.  I.  F.  North,  a  brother,  is  trea- 
surer and  general  manager  of  the  American  Soda  Fountain 
Company. 


John  Rutger  Planten 

John  Rutger  Planten  died  on  November  18  at  his  home,  207 
Carlton  avenue,  Brooklyn.  He  w'as  in  his  25th  year.  Mr. 
Planten  was  the  only  son  of  H.  Rolff  and  Ida  Gilman  Planten, 
and  was  a  grandson  of  the  late  John  R.  Planten,  for  over  40 
years  Consul  General  of  the  Netherlands  at  the  Port  of  New 
York,  and  a  grandson  of  the  late  Smith  Durrell  Gilman,  who 
was  descended  from  the  New  England  family  of  Gilmans. 
The  deceased  was  a  graduate  of  the  Polytechnic  Institute,  a 
graduate  of  the  College  of  Pharmacy,  City  of  New  York,  and 
of  the  School  of  Pharmacy,  Columbia  University. 

At  the  time  of  his  death,  the  young  man  was  employed  in 
the  capacity  of  chemist  by  H.  Planten  &  Son,  Brooklyn,  manu- 
facturers of  pharmaceutical  specialties,  and  of  which  his  father, 
H.  Rolff  Planten,  is  the  president.  He  was  in  a  position  to 
continue  his  research  work  at  the  College  of  Pharmacy  and  is 
believed  to  have  overworked  himself.  His  parents  and  two 
sisters  surv'ive  him. 


Milton    0.  Waterbury 

Milton  O.  Waterbury,  vice-president  of  the  Waterbury 
Chemical  Co.,  of  Des  Moines,  la.,  manufacturers  of  pharma- 
ceuticals, died  of  Bright's  disease  at  his  home  in  Montclair, 
N.  J.,  on  November  15.  His  death  was  unexpected  although 
he  had  been  in  ill  health  for  some  time.  He  was  born  in 
Cedar  Falls,  la.,  on  October  23,  1869,  and  was  educated  in 
various  schools  in  that  state.  He  was  trained  as  a  chemist  and 
at  the  time  of  his, death  was  vice-president  of  the  above-named 
company.  He  was  also  vice-president  of  the  Waterbury  Invest- 
ment Company,  of  Des  Jloines.  Mr.  Waterbury  had  charge 
of  the  Eastern  business  of  the  Waterbury  Chemical  Company, 
and  had  his  office  at  37  Pearl  street.  In  Montclair,  he  was 
prominent    socially,    politically    and    fraternally.      He    was    a 


John  L.  Parker 

John  L.  Parker,  prominent  druggist  of  Birmingham,  Ala.,  a 
former  president  of  the  Alabama  State  Board  of  Pharmacy,  and 
for  years  president  of  the  Birmingham  Board  of  Education, 
recently  shot  himself  to  death  with  a  32  calibre  Colt  automatic 
revolver.  He  had  been  suffering  acutely  from  asthma  during 
the  past  12  months  and  had  ignored  his  physician's  advice 
that  he  take  a  rest.  The  suicide  took  place  in  a  remote  cellar 
of  the  deceased's  store.  Mr.  Parker's  financial  affairs  were 
declared  by  his  friends  to  be  in  an  excellent  condition  and  his 
estate,  although  unappraised  as  yet,  is  expected  to  reach  a 
large  figure.  He  owned  nearly  30  acres  adjoining  the  fair- 
grounds, where  he  raised  flowers,  and  much  improved  property 
in  Birmingham  and  elsewhere.  It  was  stated  that  he  had 
5151,000  life  insurance  in  force  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Mr. 
Parker  had  served  several  times  as  alderman  and  once  as' 
president  of  the  city  council.  He  was  a  former  president  of 
the  Board  of  Trade  and  chairman  of  the  executive  committee 
of  the  State  Fair  association.  He  was  a  member  of  various 
wellknown  clubs,  a  32nd  degree  Mason,  a  Shriner,  and  a 
Knight  Templar.     His  widow  and  two  children  survive. 


Charles   Eberle 

Charles  L.  Eberle,  one  of  Philadelphia's  most  prominent  and 
well-liked  men,  died  at  his  home,  6U06  Greene  street,  that  city, 
last  month,  and  his  funeral  was  attended  only  by  his  widow 
and  male  friends.  Women  w-ere  excluded  from  attending  the 
funeral,  not  because  any  prejudice  w'as  entertained  in  this  di- 
rection, but  because  Mr.  Eberle  disliked  the  gossip  which  he 
thought  women  were  prone  to  engage  in  on  these  occasions. 
He  was  77  years  old,  and  was  identified  with  various  schools 
and  civic  enterprises  for  more  than  fifty  years.  He  graduated 
from  the  college  at  Lancaster,  later  continuing  his  studies  at  the 
Philadelphia  College  of  Pharmacy.  In  1859  he  purchased  the 
drug  store  of  Abraham  Rex,  at  Germantown  avenue  and 
Church  lane,  the  only  drug  store  at  that  time  in  Germantown, 
and  which  he  conducted  for  forty  years.  From  1872  to  1884 
he  was  a  member  of  the  examining  board  of  the  Philadelphia 
College  of  Pharmacy  and  also  a  trustee  of  that  institution.  He 
was  also  interested  in  \'arious  other  enterprises. 


Major  Claude  H.  Sayle 
JIajor  Claude  H.  Sayle,  50,  for  many  years  of  the  firm  of 
Sayle  &  Sholars,  druggists,  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  but  lately  a 
cotton  broker  of  Memphis,  died  at  his  residence  in  Little  Rock. 
Worry  over  the  cotton  situation  is  said  to  have  been  instru- 
mental in  causing  his  death.  Upon  rising.  Major  Sayle  com- 
plained of  his  heart.  A  few  minutes  afterward  he  expired. 
Mr.  Sayle  had  just  arrived  in  Little  Rock  from  Memphis,  and 
was  planning  to  re-enter  the  drug  business  in  the  former  city. 
He  quit  the  drug  business  five  years  ago,  and  up  to  that  time 
had  been  engaged  in  it  for  19  years.  He  was  wellknown  in 
fraternal  circles,  as  a  member  of  the  Scottish  Rite  Masons, 
the  Shriners  and  Elks.  Major  Sayle  was  a  veteran  of  the 
Spanish-American  war,  during  which  he  was  a  major  of  the 
Second  Arkansas  regiment.  He  was  a  graduate  of  the  Ken- 
tucky Military  Institute  and  of  the  Department  of  Pharmacy, 
\'anderbilt  University.     His  wife  and  19-year-oId  son  survive. 


James  W.  Anderson 
James  W.  Anderson,  for  many  years  one  of  the  leading  drug- 
gists of  Urbana,  O.,  died  recently  at  his  home  in  that  city, 
after  a  long  illness,  due  to  a  complication  of  ailments,  his 
condition  being  such  that  during  the  latter  montlis  of  his  life 
he  was  unable  to  get  about  except  in  a  wheeled  chair.  He 
was  87  years  of  age.  He  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1827,  mov- 
ing to  Urbana  when  he  was  twenty-nine  years  of  age.  He 
entered  the  drug  store  of  Dr.  J.  S.  Carter,  now  owned  by 
George  W.  Cramer,  becoming  a  partner  and  later,  the  sole 
owner  of  the  business.  He  afterward  •took  Mr.  Cramer  as  a 
partner,  and  sold  the  entire  business  to  him  in  1896,  when  he 
retired.  Mrs.  Anderson  survives  her  husband,  as  well  as  two 
brothers  and  two  sisters. 


566 


THE   PHARMACEUTICxVL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


RECENT    DEATHS 


— Fred  Lamb,  who  had  been  employed  at  the  Riker-Jaynes 
drag  store  at  15S  Tremont  street,  Boston,  ever  since  it  was 
opened  four  years  ago,  and  was  assistant  manager,  died  re- 
cently from  morphine  poisoning.  He  was  accustomed  to  re- 
maining late  on  Monday  nights  to  finish  up  his  work,  and 
it  was  on  a  Monday  night  that  the  watchman  saw  him  with  his 
head  resting  on  his  hands  on  the  desk.  He  seemed  to  be 
sleeping.  Early  in  the  rnoming,  the  watchman  tried  to  rouse 
him,  but  without  avail.  The  alarm  was  given  to  the  hospital 
authorities  and  an  ambulance  took  him  away.  During  the 
forenoon  he  passed  away  without  recovering  consciousness. 
Lamb  was  a  native  of  St.  Jolm,  N.  B..  and  had  been  employed 
in  various  Boston  drug  stores  for  20  years.  He  was  un- 
married. He  was  recording  secretary  of  the  Drug  Clerks' 
Union. 

— Clinton  C.  Cook,  49,  Orange.  Mass.,  died  of  heart  dis- 
ease at  his  home.  He  was  the  Republican  candidate  for 
representative  in  the  fourth  Franklin  county  district,  but  with- 
drew his  candidacy  because  of  his  health.  He  was  born  in 
Hardwick  and  had  been  employed  as  a  druggist  at  Athol, 
Boston  and  Barre.  He  came  to  Orange  16  years  ago  and 
opened  his  own  store.  While  in  Barre  he  was  town  clerk  for 
four  years.  In  Orange,  Mr.  Cook  had  been  a  member  of  the 
school  committee  for  nine  years  and  was  also  a  public  library 
trustee.  He  was  a  trustee  of  New  Salem  Academy  and  was 
chairman  of  the  committee  having  in  charge  the  construction 
of  the  Town  Hall.  He  was  an  e.xpert  horseman  and  for  many 
years  was  a  starter  and  judge  in  numerous  horse  races  at  the 
county  fairs  in  his  section.     His  wife  and  a  daughter  survive. 

— Dr.  August  Arend,  founder  of  the  "chain"  of  A.  Arend 
drug  stores,  Chicago,  died  at  his  home.  3966  Lake  Park  ave- 
nue at  the  age  of  80.  Two  years  ago  last  summer  Dr.  Arend 
leaped  from  a  passenger  steamer  in  midlake  after  %vriting  a 
note  to  his  wife  in  which  he  said  he  was  tired  of  everything. 
The  steamer  put  about  and  the  old  man  was  rescued.  Dr. 
Arend  was  bom  in  Cologne,  Germany,  and  came  to  America 
in  1855.  He  entered  business  in  Philadelphia  the  same  year, 
but  moved  to  Chicago  in  1871  and  opened  his  first  drug  store 
there  at  West  Madison  street  and  5th  avenue,  from  which  the 
present  "chain"  of  stores  has  grown.  He  sold  out  his  interest 
in  the  stores  15  years  ago.  His  widow,  who  was  his  second 
•wife,   and   four   children,   survive   him. 

— John  A.  Hoffmann,  39,  a  druggist  at  Chase  and  Kirby 
avenues,  Cincinnati,  O.,  died  recently  at  the  German  Deaconess 
Hospital  following  an  operation.  He  was  the  son  of  Lawrence 
Hoffmann,  a  druggist  of  New  Bremen.  O..  where  he  was  born, 
and  a  brother,  Walter,  who  is  in  business  with  the  senior 
Hoffmann  at  that  place,  is  one  of  the  surviving  relatives.  Mr. 
Hoffmann  had  been  in  the  drug  business  in  the  same  neighbor- 
hood in  Cincinnati  for  the  past  ten  years.  He  was  a  member 
of  the  Masonic  order.  Besides  his  parents,  his  widow  and  a 
daughter  and  three  brothers  survive  him.  His  brother  Law- 
rence is  a  druggist  at  North  Baltimore,  O.,  four  of  the  family 
having  been  engaged  in  the  drug  business. 

— Paui.  DE  Spottf,,  a  manufacturer  of  toilet  articles,  New 
York,  one  of  the  organizers  of  the  Thirteen  club,  and  for 
many  years  chairman  of  the  Tammany  organization  in  the  old 
Ninth  ward,  died  recently  of  apoplexy,  He  was  77  years  old 
and  came  to  this  country  in  1855.  He  was  familiarly  known 
as  "Professor  de  Spotte,"  and  often  told  his  friends  how  P. 
T.  Bamum  engaged  him  to  bleach  the  noted  "white  elephant" 
in  1884.  He  was  the  friend  of  William  Barrett,  Joseph  Jeffer- 
son, William  Florence  and  other  famous  actors  of  those  days. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  Press  club  and  editor  of  the  Ameri- 
can Hair  Dresser.  His  wife,  a  daughter  and  two  sons  sur- 
vive. 

—MARTIN  Lynch,  80,  druggist  of  Edinburg.  Ind..  died  after 
an  illness  of  almost  three  months.  He  was  born  in  County 
Clare,  Ireland,  and  came  to  America  when  16  years  old.  He 
worked  first  at  the  cooper's  trade  and  afterward  as  a  clerk  in 
the  drug  store  of  Kiefer  &  Rush.  In  1861  he  formed  a  part- 
nership with  Adam  Mutz,  now  deceased.  In  1898,  Mr.  Mutz 
retired  and  transferred  his  interest  to  his  son,  John  R.  Mutz. 
The  latter  remained  a  •partner  in  the  firm  until  Mr.  Lynch 
retired  and  sold  his  interest.  At  the  time  this  occurred  Mr. 
Lynch  had  been  in  business  in  his  city  longer  than  had  any 
other  merchant  there.     An  only  daughter  survives  him. 


— John  Bknning  Daniel,  70,  prominent  Atlanta,  Ga., 
druggist,  died  after  .an  illness  of  but  10  days.  He  was  un- 
married and  lived  widi  a  sister.  He  was  an  elder  in  the 
First  Presbyterian  church,  and  was  active  in  church  work. 
He  was  a  nati\e  Georgian,  having  been  born  in  Lincolnton, 
Lincoln  county.  He  had  been  in  the  drug  business  in  Atlanta 
49  years,  coming  to  that  city  directly  after  the  close  of  the 
Civil  War,  in  which  he  served  with  distinction,  entering  the 
Confederate  army  when  but  15  years  old.  He  began  his  career 
as  a  clerk  in  the  drug  store  of  L.  W.  &  L.  S.  Meade. 

— John  C.  Schwartz,  62,  wellknown  druggist  of  Hamilton, 
O.,  died  at  his  home  of  a  complication  of  affections.  While 
his  health  had  been  impaired  for  some  time,  he  had  been 
confined  to  his  home  for  but  a  short  while.  He  was  bom  in 
Nuremberg.  Germany,  and  at  the  age  of  three  came  to  Ham- 
ilton with  his  parents.  He  was  educated  in  the  city  schools 
and  later  became  a  drug  store  clerk.  He  studied  pharmacy 
and  opened  his  own  store.  He  conducted  drug  stores  with  suc- 
cess at  several  locations  in  his  city.  In  1903  he  retired  from 
business. 

— .\.  Francis  Barnes,  for  many  years  employed  by  the  El- 
bridge  Nash  Drug  Company,  Inc.,  at  12  Union  street,  \Vey- 
mouth.  Mass.,  dropped  dead  on  the  night  of  Oct.  17,  upon  his 
return  from  the  store.  He  rode  home  on  a  bicycle,  and  was 
putting  the  wheel  away,  when  death  overtook  him.  He  was 
42  years  of  age,  and  had  spent  his  whole  life  there,  filling  im- 
portant positions  in  the  community.  For  three  years  he  had 
served  as  a  selectman,  and  for  many  years  had  been  secretary 
of  the  Weymouth  Agricultural  and  Industrial  Society.  He  was 
eminent  in  Masonry.     Two  children  survive  him. 

— .\.  Francis  Barnes,  42,  Soutli  Weymouth,  Mass.,  recently 
died  of  heart  failure,  15  minutes  after  leaving  his  place  of 
business  for  his  home.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Elbridge 
Nash  Drug  Co.  He  had  served  as  selectman  in  his  city  for 
three  years  and  as  overseer  of  the  poor  for  four  years.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Norfolk  club.  Orphans'  Hope  lodge 
A.  F.  &  A.  M.,  South  Weymouth  Improvement  society  and  for 
several  years  was  secretary  of  the  Weymouth  Industrial  and 
Agricultural  society.  His  two  little  daughters  survive  the  de- 
ceased. 

— GusT.WE  R.  Fries,  one  of  tlie  officers  of  the  Wex.  Fries 
&  Bro.  Chemical  Co.,  of  Cincinnati,  died  recently  of  pneu- 
monia, at  the  age  of  74  years.  He  had  been  associated  with 
the  company  since  its  organization  in  Cincinnati  in  1861.  Mr. 
Fries  was  bom  in  Germany,  coming  to  tliis  country  at  the  age 
of  13,  and  was  one  of  those  who  made  the  journey  across  the 
plains  in  '49,  having  many  thrilling  e.xperiences  at  that  time. 
.\  number  of  relatives  survive  him.  He  was  a  Mason  be- 
longing  as   well   to   several   business   organizations. 

— .August  William  Barget,  a  retired  druggist  of  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  and  a  member  of  one  of  the  oldest  families  of  Old 
Williamsburgh,  died  at  his  home,  764  Quincy  street.  He  was 
born  on  old  Ewen  street,  in  the  Sixteenth  ward,  63  years  ago, 
and  his  father,  William  Barget,  was  a  pioneer  druggist  of  that 
section.  For  43  years  he  conducted  a  drug  store  on  Fulton 
street,  Jamaica,  near  the  Rockaway  road.     He  was  a  bachelor. 

— S.fiMUEL  W.  Carpenter,  68,  of  Waveland,  Ind.,  died  after 
a  prolonged  illness,  during  which  he  had  suffered  from  a  com- 
plication of  diseases.  He  had  been  in  the  drug  business  for 
18  years,  having  begun  his  career  as  a  druggist  at  Delphi, 
O.  The  body  was  taken  for  interment  back  to  his  old  home 
in  Kentucky. 

— E.  L.  Williams,  a  retired  druggist  of  Carthage,  Mo.,  is 
reported  to  have  committed  suicide  by  taking  strychnine,  hav- 
ing first  written  a  note  to  the  coroner,  requesting  that  official 
to  file  his  will  and  thanking  him  for  attending  to  the  trouble 
he  had  caused.  He  was  62  years  old.  He  had  been  in  poor 
health. 

— John  W.  Goodwin,  former  resident  of  Jlillvale,  Pa., 
died  at  the  age  of  72  years  on  his  plantation  near  Cedarsburg, 
Va.  He  was  a  veteran  of  the  Civil  war  and  for  40  years  re- 
sided in  Millvale,  where  he  conducted  a  drug  store.  His 
widow,  three  sons  and  two  daughters  survive  him. 

— Frank  Cope,  druggist  of  Davenport,  la.,  died  of  erysipe- 
las supposed  to  have  been  induced  by  pulling  a  hair  from  his 
nose  while  shaving.  He  opened  his  Davenport  store  after 
having  spent  eight  years  on  the  road  as  a  traveling  repre- 
sentative. 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARIIACEUTICAL  ERA 


567 


Application  of  the  New  Stamp  Tax 

Sections  of  the  Act  That  are   of  Particular  Importance  to  the  Retail  Drug  Trade 

and  the  Instructions  That  Have  Been  Issued  to  the  Perfumers — a  Majority 

of  Manufacturers  Inform  the  ERA  They  Will  Pay  the  Tax 


Interesting  Communications  from  the  Men  Most  Concerned 


HE   law  recently  enacted  by  the  63rd  Congress 

Tto  increase  the  revenue  .and  for  other  pur- 
poses, imposes  upon  druggists  in  common 
with  other  basiiiess  men  the  payment  of  cer- 
tain stamp  taxes  on  commercial  paper,  etc., 
as  outlined  in  Schedule  A  of  the  Act,  while 
a  special  tax  is  imposed  upon  them  as  dealers 
in  tobacco  and  those  who  sell  to  consumers 
wines  and  liquors,  who,  (from  October  23 
last)  are  required  to  keep  track  of  such  sales 
of  wines  and  liquors  and  to  settle  with  the  Government  for 
such  sales  until  bottle  and  jug  stamps  are  furnished. 

-According  to  Treasury"  Decision  No.  2027,  all  dealers  are 
required  to  keep  an  account  of  these  sales  from  Oct.  23,  pend- 
ing receipt  of  appropriate  tax  stamps,  and  the  form  necessary 
to  be  used  can  be  obtained  of  the  Collector  of  Internal  Revenue 
of  the  particular  district  in  which  the  seller  may  reside.  As 
outlined  in  the  law,  the  tax  accrues  on  all  wines  sold;  two 
cents  per  quart  on  all  still  wines,  20  cents  per  quart  on  cham- 
pagne and  other  sparkling  or  artificially  carbonated  wines,  6 
cents  a  quart  on  liqueurs,  cordials  and  similar  compounds,  do- 
mestic or  imported,  and  proportionate  tax  rates  for  other 
quantities  until  stamps  are  furnished.  Collection  of  the  tax 
on  this  basis  is  to  be  made  later  on.  As  soon  as  the  stamps 
are  available,  these  are  to  be  affixed  to  each  bottle  or  container 
in  which  such  wines  or  liquors  are  sold,  the  dealer  receiving 
and  selling,  or  offering  the  same  for  sale  or  consumption  to 
any  other  person  than  a  dealer  being  required  to  affix  the 
stamps  prescribed.  The  tax  is  not  imposed  on  any  still  wine 
used  by  any  rectifier,  manufacturing  chemist  or  druggist  in 
the  manufacture  of  any  liqueur,  cordial,  or  compound  subject 
to  any  internal  revenue  tax  imposed  by  the  Act. 

The  law  imposes  a  tax  of  one  cent  on  every  telephone  and 
telegraph  message  for  which  a  charge  of  15  cents  or  more  is 
made,  and  requires  the  company  operating  the  lines  to  collect 
the  tax.  According  to  the  instructions  of  the  Commissioner 
of  Internal  Revenue  for  collecting  this  tax,  the  method  of 
collection  is  wholly  within  the  province  of  the  companies  re- 
ceiving and  transmitting  the  messages.  An  interesting  ruling 
made  by  the  Collector  is  that  all  overtime  messages  where  the 
initial  rate  is  less  than  15  cents,  but  the  total  charge  on  account 
of  the  overtime  brings  the  charge  to  15  cents  or  more,  are 
subject  to  the  tax. 

Schedule  B  Effective  Today 
The  requirements  of  Schedule  B  become  effective  today  (De- 
cember 1)  and  upon  druggists  is  placed  the  responsibility  of 
seeing  that  stamps  of  the  required  value  are  placed  on  all 
perfumery,  cosmetics,  chewing  gum,  etc.  they  may  sell  and 
■which  are  enumerated  in  the  Act.  Proprietary  medicines  as 
such  are  exempted  from  the  imposition  of  the  tax,  but  from 
a  study  of  the  law  it  is  somewhat  difficult  to  understand  how 
the  authorities  will  determine  whether  a  given  toilet  article  is 
a  cosmetic  or  a  proprietary  medicinal  preparation,  for  almost 
all  products  of  the  cosmetic  tv'pe  are  advertised  to  remedy  cer- 
tain affections.  However,  it  is  expected  that  general  regula- 
tions for  the  execution  of  Schedule  B  which  are  now  being 
formulated  by  the  Internal  Revenue  Bureau  and  are  soon  to  be 
issued  will  cover  many  of  these  points.  The  regulations  in 
any  event  will  not  affect  the  general  plan  of  taxing  the  products 
enumerated  in  the  schedule. 

The  taxes  are  to  be  imposed  on  the  retail  prices  of  the  goods, 
and  as  stated  before,  are  to  be  paid  by  affixing  adhesive  stamps 
tipon  everj'  packet,  box.  pot,  phial  or  other  container  of  the 
articles  taxed.  The  schedule  tabulated  for  ease  of  reference 
is  as   follows: 


Tax  Schedule 

Not  exceeding  5   cents    i/e  cent 

Over     5  cents  and  not  exceeding  10  cents      i/^   cent 

Over  10  cents  and  not  exceeding  15  cents      5^  cent 

Over  15  cents  and  not  exceeding  25  cents      i^  cent 

Over  25  cents  and  not  exceeding  50  cents      liX  cents 

Over  SO  cents  and  not  exceeding  75  cents      1^^  cents 

Over  73  cents  and  not  exceeding  $1      2i^  cents 

For    each    additional    25    cents    of    retail    price    or 

value  or  fractional  part  in  excess  of  25  cents, 

^ths  of  1  cent. 

Many*  requests  for  more  specific  information  regarding  the 
cancellation  of  stamps  and  the  handling  of  stocks  on  hand  by 
the  dealer,  has  caused  the  Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue 
to  issue  the  following  circular: 

The  proviso  to  Section  8,  Act  of  October  22,  1914,  reads  as 
follows : 

"That   instead    of    concellation    by   initials    and    date,    the 
stamps  on   the  articles  enumerated  in    Schedule   B   shall   be 
so  affixed  on  the  box,  bottle,  or  package  that  in  opening  the 
same,  or  using  the  contents  thereof,  the  said  stamp  shall  be 
effectually  destroyed;  and  in  default  thereof  the  party  mak- 
ing default  shall  be  liable  to  the  same  penalty  imposed  for 
neglect    to    affix   said   stamp    as    hereinbefore    prescribed    in 
this  Act." 
Section    22,    however,    authorizes    the    Commissioner    of    Internal 
Revenue   to   prescribe   such    method   for    the    cancellation    of   stamps 
as    he    may    deem    expedient    in    lieu    of    the    method    prescribed    in 
the  Act. 

Under  this  authority  it  is  held  that  as  to  stocks  of  articles  sub- 
ject to  tax  under  Schedule  B,  now  in  the  hands  of  manufacturers 
and  packed  ready  for  shipment  on  orders  not  yet  received,  which 
stocks  already  packed  in  boxes  or  cartons  remain  in  their  hands 
on  December  1st,  and  it  is  impracticable  to  unpack  the  boxes  or 
cartons  for  stamping  without  serious  loss,  the  stamps  covering 
the  entire  contents  of  the  container  may  be  affixed  to  the  container 
and  canceled  with  the  initials  of  the  manufacturer  and  the  month 
and  year. 

Where  goods  have  been  previously  ordered  for  delivery  at  a  fu- 
ture date,  and  same  are  already  packed  in  shipping  cases,  to  fill 
the  order,  and  marked  for  shipment  to  purchaser,  such  goods  may 
be  delivered  to  purchaser  without  each  article  being  stamped,  pro- 
vided purchaser  is  furnished  with  proper  stamps  to  attach  to  taxable 
articles   when   case  is   opened. 

Retailers  receiving  goods  in  such  boxes  or  cartons  bearing  stamps 
should  retain  the  stamped  container  until  the  contents  are  disposed 
of  and  will  be  held  liable  for  tax  on  goods  exposed  for  sale  un- 
stamped, unless  they  are  able  to  produce  such  stamped  containers 
as  evidence  that  the  goods  have  been  taxpaid  by  the  manufacturers. 
Cased  goods  which  have  been  removed  from  the  place  of  manu- 
facture to  depots  or  warehouses  prior  to  December  1,  1914,  may 
be  regarded  as  in  the  hands  of  the  manufacturers  as  wholesalers 
and  not  as  manufacturers,  and  should  be  stamped  by  the  retailers 
before  being  sold  at   retail. 

Where  goods  are  usually  offered  for  sale  in  small  containers 
attached  to  display  cards,  stamps  covering  the  tax  on  all  attached 
articles   may   be    affixed   to    the    cards. 

Where  several  articles,  all  ta-xable,  or  some  taxable  and  some 
untaxable,  are  packed  in  boxes  for  sale  as  entireties,  the  stamps 
covering  the  taxable  contents  may  be  affixed  to  the  box  in  such 
manner  as  to  be  broken  on  opening  the  bo.xes.  If  the  outer  cov- 
erings in  such  cases  are  fancy  containers,  which  would  be  marred 
by  attaching  stamps  to  covers,  or  are  of  such  character  that  it  is 
impracticable  to  so  attach  the  stamps  that  they  will  be  broken  on 
opening  the  article  for  use,  stamps  may  be  af&xed  to  side  or  bottom 
of   the   container. 

In  all  cases  where  stamps  are  so  attached  as  to  be  broken  when 
the  article  is  used,  cancellation  is  unnecessary.  In  all  other  cases 
cancellation  of  the  stamps  will  be  made  by  affixing  initials  with 
month  and  year. 

Retailers  who  are  required  by  law  to  stamp  all  taxable  articles 
in  their  possession  on  December  1,  1914,  or  received  unstamped 
from  wholesalers,  before  offering  same  for  sale  at  retail  should  in 
all  cases  where  practicable  stamp  the  individual  bottle,  can,  pot. 
carton,  or  box,   as  usually  sold  and  delivered  to  the   customer. 

In  cases  where  this  is  impracticable  the  stamps  may  be  affixed 
in  one  of  the  methods  outlined  above. 

ROBT.    WlLLI.^MS,    Jr., 
Acting   Comn%Usioncr. 
The  various  sections  of  the  .Act  of  particular  importance  to 
the  retail  drug  trade  are  the  following: 


56S 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[December,  1914 


Affixing  and  Canceling  Stamps 
Sec.  S.  That  in  aii>"  and  alt  cases  where  an  adhesive  stamp  shall 
be  used  for  denoting  any  tax  imposed  by  this  Act,  except  as  here- 
inafter provided,  the  person  using  or  affixing  the  same  shall  write 
or  stamp  thereupon  the  initials  of  his  name  and  the  date  upon 
which  the  same  shall  be  attached  or  used,  so  that  the  same  may 
not  again  bo  used.  And  if  any  person  shall  fraudulently  make  use 
of  an  adhesive  stamp  to  denote  any  tax  imposed  by  this  Act  with- 
out so  effectually  canceling  and  "obliterating  such  stamp,  except 
as  before  mentioned,  he,  she,  or  they  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  pay  a  fine  of  not 
exceeding  $500.  or  be  imprisoned  not  more  than  six  months,  or 
both,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court:  Provided,  That  instead  of 
cancellation  by  initials  and  date,  the  stamps  on  the  articles 
enumerated  in'  Schedule  B  shall  be  so  affixed  on  the  box,  bottle, 
or  package  that  in  opening  the  same,  or  using  the  contents  thereof. 
the  said  stamp  shall  be  effectually  destroyed;  and  in  default  thereof 
the  party  making  default  shall  be  liable  to  the  same  penalty  im- 
posed for  neglect  to  affLx  said  stamp  as  hereinbefore  prescribed 
in  this  Act. 

Sec.  9.  That  if  any  person  or  persons  shall  make,  sign,  or  issue, 
or  cause  to  be  made,  signed,  or  issued,  or  shall  accept  or  pay,  or 
cause  to  be  accepted  or  paid,  with  design  to  evade  the  payment  of 
any  stamp  tax,  any  promissory  note  liable  to  any  of  the  taxes  im- 
posed by  this  Act.  without  the  same  being  duly  stamped,  or  having 
thereupon  an  adhesive  stamp  for  denoting  the  tax  hereby  charged 
thereon,  he,  she,  or  they  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor, 
and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  not  ex- 
ceeding §200.   at   the   discretion  of  the  court. 

Sec.  10.  That  the  collectors  of  the  several  districts  are  hereby 
authorized  and  required  to  furnish  to  any  assistant  treasurer  of 
the  United  States  or  designated  depositary  thereof,  or  any  post- 
master located  in  their  collection  districts,  respectively,  a  suitable 
quantity  of  adhesive  stamps,  without  prepayment  therefor,  and  may 
in  advance  require  of  any  designated  depositary,  assistant  treasurer 
of  the  United  States,  or  postmaster  a  bond,  with  sufficient  sureties, 
to  an  amount  equal  to  the  value  of  the  adhesive  stamps  which  may 
be  placed  in  his  hands  and  remain  unaccounted  for,  conditioned 
for  the  faithful  return,  whenever  so  required,  of  all  quantities  or 
amounts  undisposed  of.  and  for  the  payment  monthly  of  all  quan- 
tities or  amounts  sold  or  not  remaining  on  hand.  _  And  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  such  collectors  to  supply  their  deputies  with,  or  sell 
to  other  parties  within  their  respective  districts  who  may  make 
application  therefor,  adhesive  stamps,  upon  the  same  terms  allowed 
by  law  or  under  the  regulations  of  the  Commissioner  of  Internal 
Revenue,  who  is  hereby  authorized  to  make  such  other  regulations, 
not  inconsistent  herewith,  for  the  security  of  the  United  States  and 
the  better  accommodation  of  the  public,  in  relation  to  the  matters 
hereinbefore  mentioned,  as  he  may  judge  necessary  and  expedient. 
And  the  Scretary  of  the  Treasury  may  from  time  to  time  make  such 
regulations  as  he  may  find  necessary  to  insure  the  safe-keeping  or 
prevent  the  illegal  use  of  all  such  adhesive  stamps. 

Sec.  17.  That  on  and  after  December  1,  1914,  any  person,  firm, 
company,  or  corporation  that  shall  make,  prepare,  and  sell,  or  re- 
move for  consumption  or  sale,  perfumery,  cosmetics,  preparations, 
compositions,  articles,  or  things  upon  which  a  tax  is  imposed  by 
this  Act.  as  provided  for  in  Schedule  B,  without  affixing  thereto 
an  adhesive  stamp  or  label  denoting  the  tax  before  mentioned  shall 
be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof 
shall  pay  a  fine  of  not  more  than  S500,  or  be  imprisoned  not  more 
than  six  months,  or  both,   at   the   discretion   of  the   court. 

Sec.  18.  That  any  manufacturer  or  maker  of  any  of  the  articles 
for  sale  mentioned  in  Schedule  B,  after  the  same  shall  have  been 
so  made,  and  the  particulars  hereinbefore  required  as  to  stamps 
have  been  complied  with,  or  any  other  person  who  shall  take  off. 
remove,  or  detach,  or  cause,  or  permit,  or  suffer  to  be  taken  off. 
or  removed  or  detached,  any  stamp,  or  who  shall  use  any  stamp. 
or  any  wrapper  or  cover  to  which  any  stamp  is  affixed,  to  cover 
any  other  article  or  commodity  than  that  originally  contained  in 
such  wrapper  or  cover,  with  such  stamp  when  first  used,  with  the 
intent  to  evade  the  stamp  duties,  shall  for  every  such  article,  re- 
spectively, in  respect  of  which  any  such  offense  shall  be  committed, 
be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof 
shall  pay  a  fine  of  not  more  than  $500,  or  be  imprisoned  not  more 
than  six  months,  or  both,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court,  and  every 
such  article  or  commodity  as  aforesaid  shall  also  be  forfeited. 

Sec.  19.  That  any  maker  or  manufacturer  of  any  of  the  articles  or 
commodities  mentioned  in  Schedule  B,  as  aforesaid,  or  any  other 
person  who  shall  sell,  send  out,  remove,  or  deliver  any  article  or 
commodity,  manufactured  as  aforesaid,  before  the  tax  thereon 
shall  have  been  fully  paid  by  affixing  thereon  the  proper  stamp,  as 
in  this  Act  provided,  or  who  shall  hide  or  conceal,  or  cause  to  be 
hidden  or  concealed,  or  who  shall  remove  or  convey  awriv', ^  or 
deposit,  or  cause  to  be  removed  or  conveyed  away  from  or  deposited 
in  any  place,  any  such  article  or  commodity,  to  evade  the  tax 
chargeable  thereon,  or  any  part  thereof,  shall  be  deemed  guil'.y  of 
a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  pay  a  fine  of  not 
more  than  $500,  or  be  imprisoned  not  more  than  six  months,  or 
both,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court,  together  with  the  forfeiture  of 
any  such  article  or  commodity:  Provided,  That  articles  upon  which 
stamp  taxes  are  required  by  this  Act  may,  when  intended  for  ex- 
portation, be  manufactured  and  sold  or  removed  without  having 
stamps  affixed  thereto,  and  without  being  charged  with  tax  as 
aforesaid;  and  every  manufacturer  or  maker  of  any  article  as 
aforesaid,  intended  for  exportation,  shall  give  such  bonds  and  be 
subject  to  such  rules  and  regulations  to  protect  the  revenue 
against  fraud  as  may  be  from  time  to  time  prescribed  by  the 
Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue,  with  the  approval  of  the  Sec- 
retary of  the  Treasury. 

Schedule  B. 
Perfumery    and    cosmetics    and    other    similar    articles:    For    and 
upon   every  packet,  box,   bottle,   pot,   phial,   or   other  inclosure   con- 
taining   any    essence,    extract,    toilet    water,    cosmetic,    vaseline,    pe- 


trolatum, hair  oil.  pomade,  hair  dressing,  hair  restorative,  hair 
dye,  tooth  wash,  dentifrice,  tooth  paste,  aromatic  caehous,  or  any 
other  similar  substance  or  article,  by  whatsoever  name  the  same 
heretofore  have  been,  now  are.  or  may  hereafter  be  called,  known 
or  distinguished,  used,  or  applied  as  perfumes  or  as  cosmetics,  and 
sold  or  removed  for  consumption  and  sale  in  the  United  States, 
where  such  packet,  box.  bottle,  put,  phial,  or  other  inclosure,  with 
its  contents,  shall  not  exceed  at  the  retail  price  or  value  the  sum 
of  5  cents,  one-eighth  of  1   cent. 

Where  such  packet,  box,  bottle,  pot,  phial,  or  other  inclosure,  with 
its  contents,  shall  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  5  cents, 
and  shall  not  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  10  cents,  two- 
eighths  of   1    cent. 

Where  such  packet,  box,  bottle,  pot.  phial,  or  other  inclosure, 
with  its  contents,  shall  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  10  cents 
and  shall  not  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  15  cents,  three- 
eighths   of    1    cent. 

Where  such  packet,  box.  bottle,  pot,  phial,  or  other  inclosure, 
with  its  contents,  shall  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  15  cents 
and  shall  not  exceed  the  retail  price  or  value  of  25  cents,  five- 
eighths  of  1  cent.  -And  for  each  additional  25  cents  of  retail 
price  or  value  or  fractional  part  thereof  in  excess  of  25  cents, 
five-eighths   of    1    cent. 

Chewing  gum  or  substitutes  therefor:  For  and  upon  each  box, 
carton,  jar.  or  other  package  containing  chewing  gum  of  not  more 
than  $1  of  actual  retail  value,  4  cents;  if  exceeding  $1  of  retail 
value,  for  each  additional  dollar  or  fractional  part  thereof,  4 
cents;  under  such  regulations  as  the  Commissioner  of  Internal 
Revenue,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  may 
prescribe. 

That  all  articles  and  preparations  provided  for  in  this  schedule 
which  are  in  the  hands  of  manufacturers  or  of  wholesale  or  retail 
dealers  on  and  after  December  1,  1914,  shall  be  subject  to  the  pay- 
ment of  the  stamp  taxes  herein  provided  for,  but  it  shall  be  deemed 
a  compliance  with  this  Act  as  to  such  articles  on  hand  in  the  hands 
of  wholesale  or  retail  dealers  as  aforesaid  who  are  not  the  manu- 
facturers thereof  to  affix  the  proper  adhesive  tax  stamp  at  the  time 
the  packet,  box,  bottle,  pot,  or  phial,  or  other  inclosure  with  its 
contents   is  sold  at   retail. 

There  shall  be  an  allowance  of  drawback  on  articles  mentioned 
in  Schedule  B  of  this  Act  on  which  any  internal-revenue  tax  shall 
have  been  paid,  equal  in  amount  to  the  stamp  tax  paid  thereon,  and 
no  more,  when  exported,  to  be  paid  by  the  warrant  of  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  on  the  Treasurer  of  the  United  States,  out  of 
any  money  arising  from  internal  taxes  not  otherwise  appropriated: 
Provided,  That  no  allowance  of  drawback  shall  be  made  for  any 
such  articles  exported  prior  to  the  date  this  Act  becomes  effective. 
The  evidence  that  any  such  tax  has  been  paid  as  aforesaid  shall 
be  furnished  to  the  satisfaction  of  the  Commissioner  of  Internal 
Revenue  by  the  person  claiming  the  allowance  of  drawback,  and 
the  amount  shall  be  ascertained  under  such  regulations  as  shall  be 
prescribed  from  time  to  time  by  said  commissioner,  with  the  ap- 
proval of  the   Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 


Affixing  Stamps  to  Perfumes 

From  the  report  of  the  Committee  of  the  Manufacturing 
Perfumers'  Association  appointed  for  the  purpose  of  conferring 
with  the  Commissioner  of  Internal  Revenue,  Washington,  D. 
C,  regarding  the  regulations  covering  the  proper  affixing  of 
stamps  to  perfume  and  other  toilet  and  cosmetic  preparations, 
a  copy  of  which  has  been  sent  to  each  member  of  that  organiza- 
tion, we  reprint  the  following  instructions.  The  report  is 
signed  by  the  committee,  C.  F.  Butz,  Walter  Mueller,  and 
A.  B.  Calisher,  chairman. 

1 — It  is  permissible  to  affix  the  stamps  to  any  part  of  the 
container  where  it  is  not  practicable  to  affix  the  stamps  in 
such  manner  that  they  will  be  broken  upon  opening  the  con- 
tainer. If  this  is  done,  the  stamps  must  be  cancelled  with  the 
initials  of  the  firm,  the  month,  and  the  year,  by  perforation, 
writing,  or  rubber-stamping. 

2 — It  is  held  that  as  to  stocks  of  all  articles  subject  to  tax 
under  Schedule  E  which  are  in  the  hands  of  manufacturers 
and  packed  ready  for  shipment  on  orders  not  yet  received, 
which  stocks  are  already  packed  in  boxes  or  cartons  remaining 
on  hand  on  December  1,  1914,  the  stamps  covering  the  entire 
retail  value  may  be  affixed  to  the  box  or  carton  and  cancelled 
as   described   in   paragraph   one. 

3 — Where  goods  have  been  previously  ordered  for  delivery 
at  a  future  dale,  and  are  already  packed  in  shipping  cases  and 
marked  for  shipment  to  purchaser,  such  goods  may  be  delivered 
to  purchaser  without  each  article  being  stamped,  provided  the 
purchaser  is  furnished  with  proper  stamps  to  attach  to  the 
taxable   articles   when   case   is   opened. 

A — Retailers  receiving  goods  in  boxes  or  cartons  bearing 
stamps  covering  contents  should  retain  the  stamped  container 
until  the  contents  are  disposed  of.  They  will  be  held  liable 
for  tax  on  goods  exposed  for  sale  not  stamped  unless  they  are 
able  to  produce  such  stamped  containers  as  evidence  that  the 
goods  have  been  taxpaid  by  the  manufacturers. 

5 — Goods  packed  in  cases  which  have  been  removed  from 
the  place  of  manufacture  to  depots  or  warehouses  previous  to 
December  1,   1914,   will  be  regarded  as  being  in  the  hands  of 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


569 


the  manufacturers  as  wholesalers  and  not  as  manufacturers, 
and  should  be  stamped  by  the  retailers  before  being  sold  at 
retail. 

6 — Where  goods  are  offered  for  sale  in  small  containers  at- 
tached to  display  cards,  stamps  covering  the  tax  on  the  total 
retail  value  of  the  articles  attached  to  the  card  may  be  af- 
fixed to  the  card. 

7 — Where  several  articles,  all  of  which  are  taxable,  or  some 
of  which  are  taxable,  and  some  of  which  are  not  taxable,  are 
packed  in  boxes  for  sale  as  a  whole,  the  stamps  covering  the 
taxable  articles  may  be  affixed  to  the  box  in  such  manner  as 
to  be  broken  on  opening  the  box;  or  the  individual  ta.xable 
items  in  the  box  may  have  the  proper  stamps  affixed  to  them 
instead  of  placing  a  stamp  on  the   box  itself. 

8 — On  fancy  packages  which  would  be  disfigured  by  attach- 
ing stamps  to  same,  or  which  are  of  such  a  character  that  it 
is  not  practicable  to  so  attach  the  stamps  that  they  will  be 
broken  on  opening  the  package  for  use,  stamps  may  be  affixed 
to  the  side  or  bottom  of  the  bottle,  jar,  etc.,  contained  in  the 
package. 

9 — Retailers  who  are  required  by  law  to  stamp  all  taxable 
articles  in  their  possession  on  December  1,  1914,  or  received 
unstamped  from  wholesalers,  before  offering  same  for  sale  at 
retail,  must  in  all  cases  where  practicable  stamp  the  individual 
bottle,  can,  pot,  carton  or  bo.x  as  usually  sold  and  delivered  to 
the  customer.  In  cases  where  this  is  not  practicable  the 
stamps  may  be  affi.xed  by  the  retailer  as  outlined  in  paragraph  1. 

10 — Toilet  water  or  perfume  for  spraying  purposes  is  not 
taxable.  But,  each  container  used  for  this  purpose  must  bear 
the  following  notice :  "Free  Sample.     Penalty  for  sale,  $500." 

11 — .\11  samples  for  free  distribution  must  bear  the  follow- 
ing notice:  "Free  sample.     Penalty  for  sale,  $500." 

12 — Bulk  goods  must  bear  stamps  covering  the  retail  value 
of  the  contents.  The  retailer  is  not  required  to  put  stamps 
on  any  goods  taken  from  a  properly  stamped  bulk  package. 

13 — On  goods  sold  by  manufacturers  in  bulk  to  be  repacked, 
refilled  and  relabeled  in  smaller  containers,  the  manufacturer 
is  not  expected  to  pay  the  tax,  but  the  tax  must  be  paid  by 
the  repacker  or  refiller  whose  name  appears  on  the  label. 

14 — Combination  sets,  the  contents  of  which  consist  of  sam- 
ples, and  which  are  sold  at  retail  may  be  stamped  by  placing 
stamps  covering  the  retail  value  of  the  set  on  the  outside  of 
the  box.  In  this  case  the  free  sample  notice  need  not  be  af- 
fixed to  the  individual  items  in  the  set. 

15 — Stamps  for  tooth  paste,  cold  cream,  and  other  articles 
put  up  in  individual  cartons  may  be  placed  on  the  top  fiap 
of  such  carton  where  they  will  be  broken  when  opened. 

16 — Original  B/L  and  express  receipt  only  need  be  stamped, 
not   duplicate  copies. 

17 — Where  there  is  any  doubt  as  to  whether  or  not  a  certain 
article  is  taxable,  we  suggest  that  a  full  size  sample  of  the 
article  as  it  is  offered  for  sale  at  retail,  and  any  advertising 
matter  pertaining  to  same,  be  sent  to  the  Chief  of  the  Law 
Division  of  the  Internal  Revenue  Department,  Washington, 
D.  C,  for  a  special  ruling. 


what    each    manufacturer    has    stated    in    his    communication 
to  us: 


WHAT  THE  MLANUFACTURERS  ARE  DOING 

With  a  full  appreciation  of  this  War  Stamp  Tax  as  it 
applies  to  the  retail  druggists  as  well  as  to  the  manufac- 
turers, as  soon  as  the  law  was  passed,  we  immediately  took  the 
matter  up  direct  with  a  large  number  of  manufacturers 
asking  each  one  to  let  us  know  whether  he  intended  to  ad- 
vance his  prices  or  to  stand  the  expense  of  these  stamps 
himself. 

In  our  communications  to  these  manufacturers,  we  took  the 
position  that  it  was  the  intention  of  Congress  that  this  Tax 
should  be  paid  by  the  manufacturers,  and  should  not  be 
passed  on  to  the  retailers  who  had  other  special  taxes,  and 
who  could  not  afford  to  pay  the  expense  of  these  stamps. 
We  also  called  their  attention  to  the  fact  that  the  expense 
of  the  stamp  was  so  small  on  each  sale  that  it  would  be 
impossible  for  a  retailer  to  advance  his  prices  to  cover  the  same. 

We  are  'glad  to  report  that  a  great  majority  of  the 
manufacturers  have  decided  to  stand  the  expense  of  these 
stamps  and  to  make  no  advance  in  their  prices.  Indeed,  many 
of  them  are  offering  to  furnish  stamps  for  their  goods  the 
druggist  may  have  on  his  shelves  when  the  law  goes  into 
effect   on   December   1. 

Herewith  we  print  a  letter  from  President  Spiehler  of  the 
Manufacturing  Perfumers'   Association  and  a  short  abstract  of 


MAUrUFACTURING    PERFUMERS'    ASSOCIATION 
Office  of  the  President 

Roches_ter,   N.   Y.,   Nov.   19,   1914 
Editor,   The  Pharmaceutical  Era: 
Dear  Sir: — 

Replying  to  your  favor  of  the  13th  inst.  would  state 
that  as  written  you  in  my  previous  letter,  no  action  was 
taken  at  the  meeting  of  the  Manufacturing  Perfumers'  Asso- 
ciation. The  sentiment  seemed  to  prevail  that  on  account  of 
deferred  orders,  it  yould  be  best  to  pay  the  stamp  tax  for 
the   balance  of  the  year  at  least. 

Another  meeting  of  the  Association  will  be  held  some- 
time next  month  for  the  purpose  of  considering  a  proposi- 
tion of  appealing  to  President  Wilson  and  Congress  to  repeal 
that  portion  of  the  stamp  tax  law  pertaining  to  perfumery, 
cosmetics,  etc.,  as  this  business  is  now  overtaxed  and  the 
deferred  orders,  it  would  be  best  to  pay  the  stamp  tax  for 
amount;  estimated  at  $150,000.  And  on  account  of  the  law 
being  in  effect  for  but  one  year,  the  burden  will  fall  heaviest 
upon  the  manufacturers  and  the  retail  dealers  throughout  the 
country.  May  we  solicit  your  aid  editorially  in  furthering 
such   a   campaign? 

Yours  truly, 
Manuf.\ctuking  Perfumers'   Assocl\tion, 

A.    M.    Spiehler,    President 


Armour  Soap  'Works,   Chicago: 

We  are  assuming  the  War   Stamp  Tax  on  Luxor  toilet 
articles    on    shipments    made    after    November    5th,     and 
covering  ta.xable  articles  in  the  dealer's  hands  on  Decem- 
ber 1st.     After  that  date,  our  shipments  will  bear  stamps. 
Aschenbacli  &  Miller,  Philadelphia: 

We  are  not  at  present  prepared  to  answer  your  ques- 
tions. Have  not  been  able  to  get  a  full  understanding 
of  all  of  the  conditions  of  the  new  Internal  Revenue 
War  Tax.  As  we  understand  it,  we  are  at  liberty  to 
sell  wines,  cordials  and  liquors  without  stamps  to  dealers, 
and  that  it  is  the  duty  of  the  man  who  sells  these 
articles  to  the  consumer  to  attach  the  stamps. 
A.  P.  Babcock  Co.,  New  York: 

For  the  present,  certainly  during  1914,  we  will  not 
advance  our  prices,  and  on  all  goods  purchased  be- 
fore December  1,  1914,  which  remain  unsold  on  that  date, 
we  will  credit  the  dealer  with  the  value  of  the  stamps 
required  for  such  goods. 
Baldwin  Perfumery   Co.,   Chicago : 

We   will  stamp   all  of  our  products.     There  will   be  no 
change   in   our   list   price   or   discounts.      .All   retailers   who 
have    our    goods   on    hand,    purchased    prior    to    December 
1st  will  be  obliged   to   stamp   them  when  sold   at  retail. 
C.   C.   Bittner  Co.,   Toledo: 

We  will  not  increase   prices  on  any  of  our  merchandise 
to   cover    War    Tax. 
Jno.   Blocki   &   Son,   Chicago : 

During  and  after  the  great   Civil  War,   I  paid  the  War 
Stamp  Tax;   during  and  after  the  Spanish-American  War 
I   paid  the  War   Stamp   Tax,   and   I   now  propose   to  pay 
this  new  Stamp  Tax  which   is  not  a  War  Tax. 
Blue   Ribbon    Gum   Co.,    Chicago: 

We   regret    that    a    War   Tax   of   4c   per   box   placed    on 
chewing  gum  is  more  than  this  company  is  able  to  stand. 
Therefore,   beginning  December   1,   1914,   we  shall  advance 
the   price   of   our   gum   from  45c   to  49c  per   box. 
Calisher  &  Co.,  New  York: 

We    have    decided    to    stand    the    expense    of    the    War 
Stamp    on    all    goods    of    our    manufacture    going    out    of 
our    factory    after    December    1st. 
Carr   Company,   Inc.,   Los  Angeles,   Cal. : 

Notwithstanding    the    large    increased    cost    of    manufac- 
ture   of    the    Carr    "Cucumber     Cremes,"     this    company 
will   not   raise   its   price,    and   in   addition   expects   to   also 
pay    the    Stamp    Tax. 
Chesebrough  Mfg.  Co.,  New  York: 

We  shall  place  War  Tax  Stamps  required  on  all  of  our 
preparations  which  are  taxable  without  any  change  in 
price    at    least    during    the    year    1914.      In    addition    we 


570 


THE  rPIAR]iL\CEUTICAL   ERA 


[December,  1914 


have  instructed  our  agents,  Messrs.  Colgate  &  Co.  to 
notify  their  customers  that  we  will  credit  them  with 
the  amount  of  the  value  of  the  stamps  on  all  vaseline  pur- 
chased from  October  2S  to  December  1st  which  remains 
in  their  stock  unsold  on  December  1st  and  which  is 
subject  to  ta.\ation. 

Cincinnati  Perfuine  Co., 'Cincinnati: 

We   do   not    intend    to   raise   the   price   of   our   articles 
and    will    stand    all    the    e.\pense    incident    to    the    new 
War  Ta.\  on  our  commodities. 
Colgate  &  Co.,  New  York: 

For  the  present,  certainly  during  1914,  we  will  not 
advance  prices.  Furthermore,  for  all  goods  purchased 
from  us  between  this  date  and  December  1,  1914,  which 
dealers  have  in  stock  on  December  1st,  we  will  credit 
them  with  the  amount  of  the  value  of  the  stamps 
required  for  such  goods. 
Coralene  Curative  Co.,  Boston: 

On  our  Smelling  Salts  we  will  stand  the  shrinkage  of 
yyic  per  dozen  and  jobbers  and  wholesalers  will  then  figure 
discoimts    on    the    price    remaining    alter    the    7J-lc    have 
been   deducted. 
Daggett  &  Ramsdell,  New  York: 

.■\lthough  the  cost  of  manufacture  has  been  considerably 
increased  by  advances  in  prices  of  raw  material,  our  prices 
and  discounts  will  remain  unchanged,  and  in  addition  we 
will   pay   the   Stamp   Tax. 
Dentoris  Co.,  Minneapolis: 

There   will   be  no  advance   in  the   price  either  at  retail 
or  wholesale  on  any  of  our  goods  due  to  the  War  Stamp 
Ta.-c. 
C.   B.   Dolge  Co.,  Westport,  Conn. : 

It   is  our  intention  to  stand  this  ta.x  ourselves  and  not 
raise  our  prices  to  dealers  or  to  consumers. 
J.  E.  Espey,  Chicago: 

We  shall   make  no  extra   charge   for  stamps  on   goods 
shipped  and  sold  after  November  10th,  but  we  shall  make 
no  allowance  for  stamps  on  goods  sold  previous  to  this 
date. 
E.  Fougera  &  Co.,  Inc.,  New  York: 

We  will  bear  the  burden  of  the  new  Stamp  Tax  on  all 
of  our  own  importations  subject  thereto  and  will  be  pleased 
to  credit  our  customers  with  the  value  of  the  stamps 
necessary  to  place  their  December  1st  stock  on  goods  in 
salable  condition,  purchased  since  October  1st.  To  secure 
this  credit  it  will  be  necessary  to  send  us  an  itemized 
list  of  such  stock  promptly  on  December  1st. 
Freeman    Perfume    Co.,    Cincinnati: 

We   expect    to   pay   the    War   Tax   ourselves. 
J.    M.    Frewin   &   Co.,    Rockford,    111.: 

We    pay    Stamp    Tax    on    all    our   goods. 
Mary  T.  Goldman  Co.,  St.  Paul: 

We  have  decided  to  attach  stamps  at  our  expense  on 
all  our  goods  on  and  after  December   1st. 
Gervaise   Graham,   Chicago : 

On  and  after  December  1st  on  all  goods  of  our  manu- 
facture we  will  add  to  each  bill  or  invoice  the  cost  of 
the  Revenue  Stamps.  The  jobber,  we  understand  it, 
will  do  the  same.  The  retailer  in  turn  will  add  to  his 
price  the  cost  of  the  Revenue  Stamp. 
Hall  &  Kuckel,  New  York: 

We  will  stamp   all   SOZODONT  products  and  defray 
the  additional  cost  of  the  stamps  ourselves  on  all  products 
manufactured   and   shipped   from   our   laboratories   on  and 
after    December    1st. 
Philo  Hay  Specialties  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J. : 

We  are  not  prepared  at  this  time  to  make  any  definite 
statement  as  to  our  position  one  way  or  the  other. 

A.  S.  Hinds,  Portland,  Me.: 

The  increase  in  price  of  raw  materials  has  added  fully 
50c  to  the  producing  cost  of  each  dozen  of  our  50c  size 
and  this  is  sufficient  to  warrant  the  advance  we  are 
making  on  December  1st,  when  oiu"  list  price  will  be  $4.25 
instead  of  S4.00.  We  are  making  no  advance  in  the 
list    price    of   our   SI  .00   size,    or   our   25c    Cold    Cream. 

C.  E.  Holbrook,  Attleboro,  Mass. : 
Our  prices  will   not   be  advanced. 


E.  W.  Hoyt  &  Co.,  Lowell,  Mass.: 

We  will  assume  the  Tax  and  continue  to  sell  at  the 
same  prices,  discounts,  terms,  etc.  as  heretofore  on  Hoyts 
German  Cologne  in  its  three  sizes,  and  on  the  dentifrice 
Rubifoam.  On  Hoyt's  Ten-Cent  and  Nickel  Cologne  it  is 
imperative  for  us  to  increase  the  price,  which  will  be 
a  nominal  one. 
Richard  Hudnut,  New  York: 

W'c  will  fully  assume  the  Internal  Revenue  Tax  effective 
December  1st,  1914.  We  also  agree  to  reimburse  you 
for  such  stamps  as  may  be  required  to  cover  all  mer- 
chandise remaining  in  your  stock  on  Dec.  1st  provided 
shipment  thereof  was  made  on  or  after  November  1st. 
Walter  Janvier,  New  York: 

There    will    be    no    advance    in    price    on  '  any    of    the 
products  handled  by  Walter  Janvier  and  by  B.   F.   Allen 
Co.,    viz.    Pears'    Soap,    Beecham's    Pills    and    Sheffield's 
Dentifrice. 
B.  J.  Johnson  Soap  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. : 

During    1914    at    least,    we    will    not    raise    the    price    of 
any  of  our  goods  on  account  of  the  Stamp  Revenue  Tax. 
Kolynos  Co.,  New  Haven,  Conn. : 

The    added    expense    of    the    Stamp    Tax    forces    us    at 
this    time    to    advance    the    price    on    our    goods    by    an 
amount  sufficient  to  cover  the  Stamps  and  we   beg  to  en- 
close  price   list    effective    Dec.    1,    1914. 
Kress  &  Owen  Co.,  New  York: 

We    presume    that    our    Dental    Bottle    will    carry    the 
Ta.\  and  we  propose  to  bear  the  burden  ourselves,   i.  e., 
we  W'ill  stamp  all  packages  sent  out  on  and  after  Decem- 
ber 1st. 
Lambert  &  Lowman,  Detroit: 

We    intend    to    bear    the    Stamp    Tax    ourselves    on    all 
of  our  preparations  and  up   to  the   present   time  we  have 
no    intention    of    raising    our    prices. 
Lehn    &    Fink,    New    York: 

We  shall  bear  the  War  Tax  on  all  of  our  proprietary 
toilet  articles  such  as  Crown  Goods,  Riveris  Talcum  Pow- 
der, etc.  with  the  e.xception  of  Pebeco  Tooth  Paste.  As 
to  this  preparation  we  are  not  entirely  free  under  om" 
arrangement  with  foreign  principals. 
Long  Acre   Cold   Cream   Co.,    New   York: 

We    will    not    increase    our    prices    to    the    retailer. 
I.   W.    Lyon    &   Sons,    New   Yoik: 

Relative   to   our   paying   the    War   Tax,    we    beg   to   ad- 
vise you  that  we  have  nat  as  yet  made  up  our  minds. 
McKesson  &  Robbins,  New  York: 

We  do  not  intend  raising  our  prices  to  cover  the  e.xpense 
of  the  new  War  Stamps.     .'Ml  articles  of  our  own  manu- 
facture will  be  stamped   by  us  at  our  own  expense. 
Mayor   Walnut-Oil   Co.,    Kansas   City,   Mo.: 

Our  prices  were  established  15  years  ago  since  which 
time  everything  entering  into  its  manufacture  has  materi- 
ally increased  in  price.  Under  tliese  circumstances  we 
are  compelled  to  raise  our  prices  to  the  jobbers  10c  per 
dozen  oh  each  size,  50c  and  $1.00,  but  no  advance  to  the 
retail  dealer. 
W.  S.  Merrell  Chem.  Co.,  Cincinnati: 

We  only   exploit  a   few  articles  covered   by   the   Tax  in 
question.     Do   not  intend  to   advance   our   prices.     Shall 
retain  our  present  schedule  bearing  the   burden  of  these 
stamps  ourselves. 
G.  B.  Merriam,  Lake  Placid,  N.  Y. : 

The  prices  of  our  goods  will  not   be  raised   because  of 
the  War  Stamp  Ta.x. 
Theodore   Metcalf  Co.,   Boston : 

We  will  not  advance  the   price  of  goods  of  our  manu- 
facture  requiring   stamps,    but    will    pay    the    Stamp    Tax 
ourselves. 
Meyer  Bros.   Drug  Co.,   St.   Louis,   Mo. : 

We   have   already   ad\nsed  our   customers  that   we  shall 
assimie  the  payment  of  this  tax  on  perfumes  of  our  manu- 
facture. 
Idichigan    Drug    Co.,    Detroit: 

It  is  our  intention  to  fully  assume  the  expense  of  this 
tax  on  December  1  without  any  raise  in  prices  for  the 
present  at  least.  On  any  goods  shipped  subsequent  to 
Oct.  28  and  in  dealers'  hands  on  Dec.   1,  we  will  remit 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


571 


them  necessary'  stamps  promptly  on  receipt  of  list  made 
out  Dec,  1  showing  the  amount  of  those  goods  which 
they  have  on  hand  unsold. 

Est.   Henry  C.   Miner,   Inc.,   New  York: 

It  is  our  intention  to  pay  the  War  Tax  which  becomes 
effective  Dec.  1. 
Morgan    Drug    Co..    Brooklyn,    N".    Y. : 

It   is   our   imderstanding   that   tliis   tax   applies   only   to 
our  Palmer's  "Hair-Success"   dressing  and  we  propose  to 
pay  such  Tax  without  increasing  our  prices  to  the  trade. 
Mother's    Remedies    Co.,    Chicago : 

.■\I1  of  our  goods  will   carry   tlie  new   War   Stamp   Tax 
at  our  expense. 
Mulhens  &   Kropff,   New  York: 

We  are  glad  to  advise  you  that  the  e-xpense  of  these 
Stamps  will  be  borne  entirely  by  ourselves.  Send  us  a 
memorandum  of  your  stock  of  "4711"  preparations  on 
hand  Dec.  1  regardless  of  when  you  bought  them  and  we 
will  send  you  promptly  the  necessary  stamps  for  affixing 
to  the  packages. 
No-Scent  Mfg.   Co.,  West  bomerville,  Mass. : 

In  reply  to  your  iliquir\'  as  to  Stamp  Tax  on  our  goods, 
wish  to  say  that  we  are  going  to  stand  the  Tax  ourselves. 
Park  &  Tiiford,  New  York: 

We  are  at  present  uncertain  as  to  whether  we  will  or 
will  not  pay  for  the  War  Stamps  to  be  affixed  upon  the 
goods   imported    by   us.      As  soon    as   a   decision    in    this 
matter  is  reached  we  will  gladly  notify  you. 
Peninsular   Chemical   Co.,   Detroit,   Mich. : 

We  have  decided  to   bear  the   Tax  ourselves  instead   of 
shifting  it  upon  our  retail  friends. 
Puritan  Pharmaceutical   Co.,   St.   Louis: 

In   spite   of   the   fact   that   perfume   and   manufacturing 
materials  have  advanced  materially,  we  have  no  intention 
of  making  our  dealers  stand  the  Stamp  Tax. 
Theo.    Ricksecker    Co.,    New    York: 

We  shall   pay   the   Ta.x   ourselves  at  least  during   1914. 

We  also  agree  to  credit  our  customers  witli   the  value  of 

the  stamps  required   on   all   goods   purchased   from   us  on 

and  after  Nov.  1,  1914  which  remain  on  hand  Dec.  1,  1914. 

Paul    Riger   &    Co.,   San    Francisco : 

We   have  not  raised  the  price  on  our  goods  by   reason 
of  the  War  Stamp. 
Smith,    Kline    &    French    Co.,    Philadelphia: 

We  intend  to  stand  the  expense  of  the  War  Stamp  on 
our  preparations. 
C.   H.   Strong  &  Co.,   Chicago: 

\\'e  provide  Revenue  Stamps  with  no  increase  in  price. 
Thompson's  Carbolic  Soap  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. : 

We  do  not  yet  know   whether  our  goods  would   come 
under   that   law,    but   whether   they   do   or  not   we  do  not 
intend  to  raise  our  prices. 
Tilden   Co.,   New   Lebanon,   N.    Y. : 

We  shall  not  advance  our  prices  on  the  articles  affected. 
S.    R.    Van    Duzer,    New    York: 

We  do  not  intend  to  raise  the  price  of  our  goods  on 
account  of  the  War  Tax,  nor  do  we  wish  the  retailer  to 
be  put  to  any  ex-pense  in  this  matter  on  our  account.  We 
shall  place  the  stamps  on  all  of  our  goods  going  out  after 
Dec.  1st  and  to  every  retailer  who  will  notify  us  of  the 
quantity  of  our  goods  in  his  hands  unsold  on  Dec.  1st 
we  will  send  stamps  to  be  affixed  to  such  imsold  goods. 
A.   A.   Vantine   &   Co.,   Inc.,   Brooklyn,   N.   Y. : 

We  will  pay  the  War  Tax  ourselves.     A  credit  will  be 
allowed  for  the  amount  of  stamps  required  for  the  balance 
of  our   goods  tliat  you   have  on  hand  Dec.    1st  if  bought 
from  us  since   Oct.  22d. 
Henry   K.    Wampole    &   Co.,    Philadelphia: 

It  is  not  our  intention  to  make  any  additional  charge  to 
the  retail  trade  to  cover  the  cost  of  stamps.  We  ourselves 
will  assume  that  burden  for  we  do  not  feel  that  it  is  in 
accordance  with  the  spirit  of  the  law  that  this  tax  should 
be  passed  along  by  ourselves  to  the  retailer  and  by  the 
retailer  to  the  consumer. 
Wildroot   Chemical   Co.,   Buffalo,   N.   Y. : 

We  are  pleased  to  advise  that  'A'e  have  decided  to  pay 
this  tax  on  Wildroot  Hair  Tonic. 


J.    B.    Williams   Co.,    Glastonbury,    Conn.: 

For  the  present  and  until  further  notice  we  shall  assume 
the  expense  of  the  War  Stamp  on  such  of  our  preparations 
as  are  liable  to  this  ta.x. 
C.    B.    Woodworth   Sons   Co.,    Rochester,   N.   Y. : 

On  and  after  Dec.  1st,  1914  we  will  attach  the  War 
Tax  Stamps  on  all  packages  of  our  goods  which  require 
the  stamps  entirely  at  our  own  expense.  We  will  also 
reimburse  our  customers  for  such  stamps  as  are  required 
on  our  goods  that  they  have  in  stock  on  Dec.  1st,  provided 
the  same  was  purchased  on  or  after  Nov.  1st,  1914. 
Zona   Toilet   Co.,   Wichita,   Kans. : 

We  do  not  intend  to  raise  our  prices  to  the  dealers  on 
any  of  our  goods  on  account  of  the  Stamp  Ta.x. 


PHARMACEUTICAL    CHEMISTS'    RESOLUTIONS 


Directors  Meet  in  this  City  and  Act  on  Matters  of 
Pertinence  to  the  Profession 

.At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  .American 
Association  of  Pharmaceutical  Chemists,  held  in  this  city  on 
Oct.  26,  and  which  was  attended  by  George  C.  Hall,  Dr.  S.  E. 
Basengill,  B.  L.  Maltbie,  Dr.  A.  S.  Burdick,  E.  S.  Holt,  H.  C. 
]\Ioore,  R.  J.  Strasenburgh,  R.  C.  Stofer  and  F.  L.  H.  Nason, 
resolutions  were   adopted   to   the   following  effect: 

Approving  the  proposed  Harrbon  bill  in  the  form  passed 
by  the  U.  S.  Senate,  and  urging  its  immediate  adoption  by 
the  House  of  Representatives;  expressing  the  appreciation  of 
the  board  of  the  efficient  work  of  J.  Fred  Windolph  as  a 
delegate  to  the  convention  of  the  .Association  of  .American 
Dairy,  Food  and  Drug  Officials  at  Portland,  Me.;  authorizing 
the  distribution  to  members  of  reprints  of  Dr.  Lyman  F. 
Kebler's  article  on  the  manufacture  of  tablets;  approving 
the  appointment  of  the  special  committee  on  uniform  food  and 
drug  legislation  by  the  U.  S.  Chamber  of  Commerce  and  offer- 
ing tlie  support  of  the  association  in  the  work  of  that  com- 
mittee; recommending  and  approving  a  model  law  providing 
for  the  inspection  and  sanitation  of  all  places  devoted  to  the 
manufacture,  sale,  handling  and  distribution  of  medicinal 
preparations;  urging  a  revision  of  the  U.  S.  patent  laws  and 
authorizing  and  directing  the  president  of  the  association  to 
write  to  tlie  President  of  the  U.  S.  endorsing  the  Covington 
Trade  Commission  law. 

By  resolution  the  board  urged  that  all  foreign  manufacturers 
of  biological  products  intended  for  the  treatment  of  animals  be 
required  to  conform  to  the  same  regulations  and  inspection 
required  of  domestic  manufacturers  of  such  products,  before 
importation  into  this  country  is  permitted.  This  resolution 
also  provided  that  a  copy  be  sent  to  Dr.  Melvin,  chief  of  the 
Bureau  of  Animal  Industry,  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture. 

The  need  of  uniform  food  and  drug  legislation  was  urged 
in  the  following  resolution : 

Whereas,  Uniformity  of  the  Pure  Food  and  Drugs  laws  means 
the  most  efficient  laws.  Federal,  State  and  municipal,  universally 
prevailing,  affording  thereby  equal  protection  and  a  uniform  stand- 
ard of  living  for  all  the  people  of  this  great  nation;   and 

Whereas,  Such  uniform  laws  deal  equitably  and  justly  with  the 
interests  of  all  concerned,  whether  manufacturer,  dealer  or  con- 
sumer, and  aid  economy  of  production   and  distribution;   and 

Whereas,  The  Association  of  Dairy,  Food  and  Drug  Officials,  the 
Commissioners  on  Uniform  State  Laws,  the  American  Bar  Associa- 
tion, the  National  Food  Trades  Conference,  the  National  Civic 
Federation,  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  of  the  United  States  of 
America,  and  several  other  associations  and  organizations  are  ac- 
tively and  favorably  interested  in  the  attainment  of  such  uniformity: 
therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  American  Association  of  Pharmaceutical 
Chemists  hereby  earnestly  records  its  approval  of  such  uniformity 
as  being  necessary  in  the  general  public  interest  and  urges  that 
every  effort  be  made  to  the  end  that  such  uniformity  may  be  as 
fully    realized  as   possible. 


Women's  Ph,A.  on  the  Pacific  Coast 
.\t  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Women's  Ph.  A.  of  the  Pacific 
Coast  held  in  San  Francisco,  the  following  officers  were  elect- 
ed: President,  Mrs.  R.  E.  White,  San  Francisco;  first  vice- 
president.  Miss  Z.  R.  Nelson,  Oakland;  second  vice-president, 
Mrs.  May  Birch,  Orland;  secretary.  Miss  T.  Sala,  Berkeley; 
treasurer,  Mrs.  R.  Kane,  San  Francisco.  Executive  Commit- 
tee: Miss  E.  Laird,  Berkeley;  Miss  R.  E.  Nelson,  Oakland; 
Miss  M.  Dolcini,  Mrs.  M.  Low%  and  Miss  P.  J.  Nast,  San 
Francisco.  .Advisory  Committee :  Mrs.  K.  K.  Voluntine,  Palo 
.Alto,  Miss  I.  Goodman  and  Mrs.  E.  S.  Flint,  San  Francisco. 
Other  committees  are  scheduled  to  be  announced  by  the  presi- 
dent at  the  meeting  to  be  held  in  San  Francisco  on  Nov.  27. 


572 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


News  from  Associations 


G.  A.   S.   GETS  OPINION  ON  COMPENSATION  ACT 

Society's  Attorney  Hands  Down  First  Authoritative, 
Although   Unofficial,    Opinion   on   this   Law 


Druggists  of  New  York  State  have  been  iu  an  unsettled 
state  of  mind  anent  their  inclusion  under  the  provisions  of  the 
Workmen's  Compensation  Act  ever  since  tlie  enactment  of  that 
measure.  While  no  one  in  authority  has  been  found  to  desig- 
nate just  where  or  how  the  law  applies  to  the  druggist,  never- 
theless the  retail  trade  has  found  no  relief  from  its  uneasiness. 
As  chairman  of  the  N.  Y.  S.  P.  A.  legislative  committee, 
J.  H.  Rehfuss  was  obliged  to  report  at  Saratoga  last  June  that 
up  to  the  time  of  the  convention  he  had  been  unable  to  secure 
a  decision  from  the  Compensation  Con\niission  as  to  the  appli- 
cation of  the  law  to  "the  average  retail  pharmacy  where  no 
power  or  machinerj*  is  employed  in  compounding  medicine." 
The  liability  companies  could  not  at  that  time  give  him  a 
definite  opinion  on  the  question.  At  the  September  meeting  of 
the  Kings  County  Pharmaceutical  Society,  Secretary  A.  E. 
Hegeman  read  a  letter  from  the  Commission  to  the  effect  that 
druggists  were  not  mentioned  specifically  in  the  act,  but  might 
come  under  a  paragraph  relating  to  the  handling  of  merchan- 
dise on  "any  dock,   platform  or  place." 

At  the  November  meeting  of  the  German  Apothecaries'  So- 
ciety, S.  V.  B.  Swann,  chairman  of  that  organization's  com- 
mittee on  legislation,  presented  two  corrmiunications,  one  an 
opinion  on  the  scope  of  the  act  above  referred  to,  prepared  by 
the  societj''s  attorney,  Charles  A.  Kalish,  and  the  other,  a  letter 
from  the  manager  of  the  State  Insurance  Fund,  F.  Spencer 
Baldwin.  While  the  former  has  not  the  status  of  an  opinion 
handed  dow-n  by  the  attorney-general,  and  the  latter  merely 
announces  that  the  manager  of  the  State  Insurance  Fund  is 
prepared  to  accommodate  druggists,  both  communications  are 
exceedingly  interesting  and  pertinent.  The  text  of  ilr.  Kalish's 
letter  to  the  society   follows: 

"In  reply  to  your  request  for  an  opinion  as  to  the  applica- 
bilit}'  to  pharmacists  of  the  Workmen's  Compensation  Law,  I 
would  advise  you  as  follows: 

"After  a  careful  examination  of  the  law  I  am  of  the  opinion 
that  it  was  not  the  intent  of  those  who  drew  up  the  law  to 
include  pharmacists,  but  that  Group  28,  which  is  one  of  the 
Groups  of  Employment  designated  as  being  hazardous,  com- 
prises the  following: 

"  'Group  28.  llanufacture  of  drugs  and  chemicals,  not 
specified  in  group  twent\'-five,  medicines,  dyes,  extracts, 
pharmaceutical  or  toilet  preparations,  soaps,  candles,  per- 
fumes, non-corrosive  acids  or  chemical  preparations,  fer- 
tilizers, including  garbage  disposal  plants;  shoe  blacking 
or  polish.' 

"Sub-division  5  of  Section  3  of  the  Law  reads  as  follows: 
"  'Employment,    includes    employment   only    in    a    trade, 
business   or   occupation    carried    on    by    the    employer    for 
pecuniary  gain.' 

"Under  a  strict  construction  of  the  foregoing,  there  is  no 
doubt  that  an  employe  of  a  pharmacist  who  makes  up  nail 
polish,  or  cold  cream,  or  hair  oils,  or  kindred  preparations 
which  may  be  used  for  the  toilet,  or  proprietary  medicines 
such  as  headache  or  toothache  preparations  or  tonics,  even 
though  prepared  for  the  consumption  of  the  customers  of  the 
particular  pharmacists,  so  long  as  it  is  put  up  as  a  proprie- 
tary,  would  come   within  the  law. 

"Some  doubt  has  been  expressed  as  to  whether  this  applies 
to  soda  water  clerks  or  to  errand  boys  not  engaged  in  the 
work  set  forth  in  Gioup  28.  This  probably  does  not  apply 
to  them  although  no  decision  has  been  made  thereon. 

"I  may  add  that  I  have  taken  up  the  matter  with  the  Work- 
men's Compensation  Commission,  and  was  advised  by  the 
State  Insurance  Fund  as  per  letter  herewith. 

"I  would  also  state  that  it  has  been  the  invariable  custom  of 
this  Commission  since  it  has  been  organized,  to  be  very  tech- 
nical and  to  resolve  every  doubt  in  favor  of  the  law,  and  I 
feel  sure  that  if  any  accident  to  such  an  employe  should  occur 
in  a  pharmacy,  then  the  Commission  would  decide  that  this 
law  appHed  against  the  pharmacist. 

".Accordingly  I  would  urge  that  every  pharmacist  comply 
with  the  provisions  of  the  .■kct.     If  the  druggist  carries  Em- 


ployer's Liability  Insurance,  the  additional  amount  of  premium 
to  include  the  Workmen's  Compensation  Law  is  comparatively 
small.  On  the  other  hand,  some  employers  are  insuring  in  the 
State  Insurance  Fund  instead  of  relying  on  the  insurance  com- 
panies.    This  is  a   matter  for  each  one's  individual  choice. 

"The  penalties  for  not  carrying  such  insurance  or  otherwise 
complying  with  the  law  as  to  indemnity  are  quite  severe  in 
that  the  employe  may  bring  an  action  in  Court  for  damages 
for  the  injuries  and  it  will  not  be  necessary  for  him  to  plead 
or  prove  freedom  from  contributory  negligence,  and  the  em- 
ployer camiot  plead  as  a  defense  the  negligence  of  a  fellow 
servant  nor  risk  of  employment,  nor  contributory  negligence  of 
the  plaintiff. 

"Therefore,  if  this  law  be  held  to  apply,  the  advantage  of 
complying  with  tiie  law  is  obvious,  as  tlie  amount  of  damage 
recoverable  by  the  employe  under  the  Compensation  Law  is 
less  than  it  would  likely  be  under  the  ordinary  action. 

"It  has  been  suggested  that  a  test  case  be  made,  but  I  would 
not  advise  this  course  as  practically  the  only  satisfactory 
method  of  a  test  case  would  be  to  have  an  injured  employe 
bring  a  suit  at  law,  but  if  this  were  done  unless  the  injuries 
were  very  trivial,  the  chances  are  first,  that  the  Commission 
would  decide  that  the  Law  applied,  then  an  appeal  could  be 
taken  to  the  Appellate  Division  and  then  to  the  Court  of 
Appeals,  but  during  this  period,  or  rather  from  even  the  pres- 
ent moment,  a  druggist  runs  a  serious  risk  of  having  some 
employe  injured  and   being  held  liable  under  this  law. 

"Therefore,  I  would  ad\ise  you  tliat  the  law  in  its  present 
verbiage  and  form  applies  to  pharmacists  and  that  you  should 
comply   therewith." 

The  following  is  in  part  the  text  of  the  letter  from  F. 
Spencer  Baldwin,  manager  of  the  State  Insurance  Fund: 

"While  it  may  not  have  been  the  intent  of  the  framers  of 
the  Workmen's  Compensation  Act  to  include  retail  druggists, 
it  seems  that  the  language  in  group  28  is  broad  enough  to 
include  all  druggists  who  make  up  toilet  preparations,  patent 
medicines  and  the  like.  It  is  the  practice  of  the  State  Fund 
to  issue  policies  covering  such  druggists  in  accordance  with 
the  following  resolution  adopted  by  the  commission  on  July 
29,   1914: 

"  'RESOLVED  that  the  Manager  of  the  State  Insurance 
Fund  be  authorized  to  inform  applicants  for  insurance  in  the 
State  Insurance  Fund  that  on  all  drug  stores  or  other  places 
where  drugs  and  chemicals,  medicines,  dyes,  extracts,  pharma- 
ceutical or  toilet  preparations,  soaps,  candles,  perfumes,  non- 
corrosive  acids  or  chemical  preparations  are  manufactured, 
policies  may  be  issued." 


G.   A.    S.    GIVES   TO    GERMAN   RED   CROSS   FUND 


Members  Contribute  $1,456  to  Suffering  Compatriots 
— State  Department  Acknowledges  Resolution 


That  the  German  Apothecaries'  Society's  contribution  to  the 
German  Red  Cross  fund  had  been  brought  up  to  the  sum  of 
$1,456.40,  was  reported  by  Treasurer  Robert  S.  Lehman,  at 
the  November  (.Sth)  meeting  of  that  organization.  H.  L. 
Rehse,  of  Richmond  Hill,  who  alone  had  collected  the  sum  of 
$260,  and  who  promised  that  he  would  surely  collect  $500  for 
the  fund,  was  given  a  special  vote  of  thanks.  President  Dr. 
Charles  F.  Klippert  voicing  the  same  in  behalf  of  the  mem- 
bers. Mr.  Lehman  concluded  his  report  by  asserting  that  the 
prospects  were  excellent  for  bringing  the  society's  contribution 
up  to  the  sum  of  $2,000. 

Hugo  Kantrowitz  reported  that  he  had  received  the  acknowl- 
edgment of  the  State  Department  of  the  receipt  of  resolutions 
forwarded  to  Washington  following  the  society's  October 
meeting.  These  resolutions  expressed  to  Hon.  James  W. 
Gerard.  .American  Ambassador  to  Germany,  the  thanks  and 
appreciation  of  the  society  for  the  hospitable  reception  and 
entertainment  extended  to  the  members  of  its  European  tour 
party,  and  especially  for  the  generous  assistance  to  those  of 
the  party,  who,  unfortunately,  were  detained  in  Germany. 
Two  copies  of  the  resolutions  were  beautifully  engrossed.  One 
copy  was  sent  through  Secretary  of  State  Bryan  to  Ambassador 
Gerard,  and  the  other  was  sent  to  Mr.  Bryan  himself.  Mr. 
Kantrowitz  received  the  thanks  of  the  society  for  his  work  in 
connection  with  the  preparation  and  delivery  of  the  resolutions. 

Secretary  Carl  Baum  read  a  request  from  the  Germania 
Society  that  the  members  purchase  nicely-framed  pictures  of 
the  German   Emperor,  profit  from  the  s.ime  to  be  contributed 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


573 


to  the  German  Red  Cross  fund.  Most  of  the  members  sub- 
scribed. 

Otto  P.  Gilbert,  chairman  of  the  entertainment  committee, 
reported  that  tlie  usual  fall  kommers  would  be  dropped  this 
year  because  of  the  war.  He  recommended  that  the  members 
contribute  to  and  take  part  in  the  grand  bazar  to  be  held  at 
the  Armory,  Park  avenue  and  34th  street,  December  5th  to 
20th,  for  the  benefit  of  the  German  and  Austrian  Red  Cross 
funds. 

President  Dr.  Klippert  appointed  as  a  nominating  committee 
to  report  at  the  annual  meeting  on  December  3rd,  the  following : 

S.  V.  B.  Swann,  C.  F.  Schlcussner,  Wm.  Oetinger,  H.  H. 
Blomeier  and  August  Volland. 

Louis  P.  Frecss,  of  38th  street  and  3rd  avenue,  proposed  by 
George  T.   Riefflin.   was  elected  a   member. 

Otto  Herting,  of  Philadelphia,  delivered  an  interesting  lecture 
on  the  "Important  Pharmaceutical  and  Medical  Minerals." 

At  the  October  meeting  of  the  German  Apothecaries'  So- 
ciety, Professor  Dr.  H.  Thoms,  of  BerHn,  Dr.  Richard  Firbas, 
of  Vienna,  and  Professor  Dr.  A.  Tschirch,  of  Bern,  were  elected 
honorary  members. 


BROOKLYN   DRUGGISTS  LEARN   OF  STAMP   TAX 

Provisions     Are     Explained    to     Members     of     Kings 
County  Ph.  S.,  Who  are  Advised  as  to  Interpretations 


The  stamp  tax  on  cosmetics,  etc.,  was  the  subject  of  consid- 
erable discussion  at  the  November  meeting  of  the  Kings  County 
Pharmaceutical  Society,  held  at  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Phar- 
macy. Dr.  William  C.  Anderson,  chairman  of  the  legislative 
committee,  presented  the  pertinent  features  of  the  provisions 
of  the  war  revenue  measure  which  applied  to  retail  pharma- 
cists. At  tiie  end  of  each  month,  he  said,  the  druggist  must 
make  out  a  report  to  the  effect  that  no  taxable  article  made  by 
himself  has  been  disposed  of  contrary  to  law.  The  druggist 
must  affix  the  proper  stamps  to  the  goods  of  his  own  make  on 
hand  on  December  1.  The  stamps  must  be  so  placed  that 
they  will  be  broken  when  the  package  is  opened.  Goods  of 
other  manufacturers  in  stock  which  are  subject  to  tax  must  be 
stamped  when  sold. 

Dr.  Anderson  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  refraining 
from  stamping  one's  entire  taxable  stock  might  lead  to  disas- 
trous carelessness.  On  the  other  hand,  the  druggist  might  by 
stamping  his  entire  taxable  stock  be  paying  the  tax  when  the 
law  is  repealed,  and  at  that  time  customers  will  know  by  the 
stamp  that  they  are  getting  old  goods. 

The  question  was  raised  as  to  whether  toilet  preparations 
such  as  bay  rum,  glycerin  and  rose  water,  simple  ointments 
used  as  cosmetics,  "five  cents  w'orth  of  cold  cream,"  witch 
hazel,  etc.,  were  taxable.  The  answer  was  that  rulings  on 
these  articles  must  be  obtained.  It  was  pointed  out  that  the 
N.  A.  R.  D.  was  already  actively  engaged  in  securing  many 
pertinent  interpretations.  J.  H.  Rehfuss  strongly  advised  that 
members  desiring  rulings  in  this  direction  should  forward  their 
interrogations  to  the  society's  legislative  committee  which  would 
turn  the  same  over  to  the  N.  A.  R.  D.  legislative  committee. 
The  latter  body  was  in  a  much  stronger  position  to  work  with 
the  authorities  at  Washington  than  the  individual  druggist 
could  possibly  be,  and  whereas  the  authorities  might  be  arbi- 
trary with  the  individual,  they  would  give  the  legislative  com- 
mittee an  opportunity  to  argue.  Injudicious  solicitation  might 
result  in  some  very  disastrous  rulings. 

Dr.  Hy.  J.  J.  Kassebaum  inquired  whether  nasal  and  mouth 
washes  and  similar  preparations  would  be  classified  as  medi- 
cines, and  Dr.  Anderson  expressed  the  opinion  that  they  were 
medicines.  The  latter  also  stated  that  the  tax  w-ould  be  im- 
posed on  the  basis  of  the  selling  price  printed  on  the  package 
and  not  on  the  cut  price.  If  an  article  bore  the  printed  price 
$5  and  sold  at  $4.  it  should  be  stamped  on  the  basis  of  the 
former  figure. 

Dr.  Anderson  reported  that  if  all  objections  had  been  with- 
drawn the  Harrison  bill  would  now  be  a  law.  He  asserted 
that  this  measure  was  absolutely  necessary.  "You  can't  en- 
force a  state  anti-narcotic  law,  no  matter  how  good,  unless 
there  is  an  adequate  National  law.  Pedlars  are  evidently  pur- 
chasing out  of  the  State  and  are  seUing  in  New  York  City." 
That  the  New  York  City  Board  of  Health  awaits  the  opinion 
of  the  Corporation  Counsel  as  to  its  power  to  enforce  sanitary 
code  ordinance  182,  was  also  reported  by  Dr.  Anderson.  The 
State  Attorney-General  has  rendered  an  opinion  that  the  ordi- 


nance is  without  effect  because  it  conflicts  with  the  Boylan  law. 
The  Board  may  withdraw  or  amend  the  ordinance,  or,  if  by 
any  chance  the  Corporation  Counsel  should  not  agree  with  the 
Attorney-General,   it  may  make  a  test  case  necessary. 

Otto  Raubenheimer,  chairman  of  the  committee  on  affairs 
pertaining  to  pharmacy,  called  attention  to  the  two  cases  of 
barium  sulphide  poisoning  reported  on  another  page  of  this 
issue.  Dr.  Joseph  Kahn  asserted  that  he  had  known  in  his 
own  experience  of  three  cases  of  poisoning  from  this  sulphide. 
He  recommended  as  a  treatment  for  such  cases  viz.;  giving  (1) 
a  soluble  sulphate  to  form  barium  sulphate;  (2)  milk  and 
water,  half  and  half  of  each;  and  (3)  opium  in  small  quanti- 
ties to  counteract  the  eye  symptoms,  with  the  application  of 
heat  and  stimulants  for  the   heart. 

Dr.  Hy.  J.  J.  Kassebaum,  the  society's  detail  man,  reported 
that  he  was  now  calling  on  physicians  in  the  Williamsburg 
section.  He  thought  that  tlie  members  should  supply  him  with 
lists  of  the  physicians  they  wished  him  to  call  upon,  as  under 
present  arrangements  he  had  largely  to  direct  his  own  efforts. 
With  a  little  co-operation  on  the  part  of  the  members  he 
might  net  better  results.  Dr.  Anderson  advised  Dr.  Kasse- 
baum to  pin  down  to  cases  tliose  physicians  alleging  deviations 
in  official  preparations  prepared  by  druggists.  He  said  Dr. 
Kassebaum  would  often  find  that  the  physician  was  com- 
plaining upon  hearsay  information  and  was  not  familiar  with 
the  product. 

As  chairman  of  the  committee  on  supervision,  Thomas  J. 
France  reported  that  there  were  365  students  in  attendance  at 
the  college. 

The  treasurer's  report  showed  a  balance  on  hand  of  $510. 

The  trade  matters  committee  had  a  balance  on  hand  of 
$39.41.     It  was  voted  the  sum  of  $100. 


RIKER-HEGEMAN  CO.  TO  TRAVEL     RIGHT  ROAD'- 


Mr.  Gaboon  Says  So  at  Academy  of  Medicine  Meeting 
— Says  He  Speaks  Only  for  Own  Company 

Edward  B.  Cahoon,  director  of  Riker-Hegeman  Co.,  did  not 
agree  with  the  Health  Board  of  this  city  on  the  propriety  of 
that  body's  proposed  proprietaries  ordinance.  He  expressed 
himself  to  this  effect  in  the  course  of  a  ten-minute  talk  before 
tlie  Section  on  Jledicine,  of  the  New  York  Academy  of  Medi- 
cine, at  its  recent  meeting  at  Hosack  hall.  Mr.  Cahoon  made 
it  plain,  however,  that  if  the  Board  of  Health  pointed  out 
such  a  course  as  the  road  for  it  to  travel,  Riker-Hegeman  Co. 
would  put  "both  feet"  in  that  road  and  travel  it.  Mr.  Cahoon 
took  pains  to  observe  that  he  represented  his  firm  of  druggists 
and  no  other  retail  druggists  in  this  city,  a  distinction  no  doubt 
appreciated  by  some  of  his  audience. 

ilr.  Cahoon  was  one  of  six  speakers,  whose  discourse  on 
the  general  subject  of  patent  medicines  made  a  very  interesting 
and  pertinent  symposium.  .\s  one  speaker  expressed  it.  he  had 
been  requested  to  mount  the  platform  with  his  hat  "full  of 
rocks"  to  throw  at  patent  medicines.  But,  from  a  pharmaceuti- 
cal point  of  view,  there  was  little  in  the  entire  program,  ex- 
cepting Dr.  Emerson's  exposition  on  the  proposed  amendments 
to  the  Sanitary  Code,  tliat  any  pharmacist  could  object  to.  In 
fact,  it  would  be  surprising  if  the  opinions  of  the  professional 
practitioners  present  anent  the  first  four  subjects  enlarged 
upon,  and  those  of  any  good  citizen,  were  not  identical. 

The  speakers  and  their  subjects  were  as  follows: 

"Advertised  remedies  for  cancer,"  Professor  James  Ewing, 
Cornell  University  Medical  School ;  "The  damage  to  tubercu- 
losis patients  by  self-adminfstered  remedies,"  Alfred  Meyer, 
M.  D. ;  "The  evil  of  the  so-called  cures  for  the  narcotic  drug 
addictions,"  Ernest  S.  Bishop  (read  by  another)  ;  "Survey 
of  the  proprietary  medicine  question,"  Walter  A.  Bastedo, 
M.  D.;  "The  proposed  amendments  to  the  Sanitary  Code  rela- 
tive to  proprietary  medicines,"  Haven  Emerson,  M.  D.,  and 
"The  druggists'  and  manufacturers'  position  relative  to  pro- 
posed amendments  to  the  Sanitary  Code  relative  to  proprietary 
medicines,"  Edward  B.  Cahoon,  director  of  Riker-Hegeman  Co. 


A.   D.   S.  Annual   Convention   at  Madison  Sq.   Garden 


The  American  Druggists'  Syndicate  will  hold  its  annual  con- 
vention at  Madison  Square  Garden,  January  18-23,  simultan- 
eously with  a  "Made  in  the  U.  S.  A."  drug  exhibit.  The  drug 
show  held  at  the  Garden  last  winter,  on  the  occasion  of  the 
syndicate's  annual  convention,  at  which  considerable  space  was 
devoted  to  A.  D.   S.  products,   was  largely  attended. 


574 


THE    PTrAinrArEI'TTCAL    ERA 


[December,  1914 


NEW    YORK    BRANCH   HEARS   FINE   PAPER 

"Estimation  of  Cineol  in  Oil  of  Eucnlyptus"  Devel- 
ops Interesting  Discussion  at  November  Meeting- 
A  meaty,  well-balanced  and  expeditious  affair  was  the  J\o- 
vembcr  meeting  of  the  New  York  branch  of  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  held  at  the  New  York  College  of 
Pharmacy  and  called  to  order  by  Chairman  Professor  H.  \'. 
Amy.  Joseph  L,  Turner  read  an  excellent  paper  on  "Estima- 
tion of  Cineol  in  Oil  of  Eucalyptus."  which  had  been  prepared 
by  himself  and  Ralph  C.  Holmes.  -Vs  should  be  done  when  an 
orgxtnization  has  a  feature  on  its  program,  tlie  minutes  and 
extraneous  business  were  dispensed  with.  And  the  meeting 
adjourned  at  a  reasonable  hour. 

Since,  as  Secretary  of  the  Council  Joseph  W.  Enghuul  reiter- 
ated by  letter  at  this  meeting,  papers  prepared  by  A.  Ph.  A. 
members  must  be  reserved  for  initial  publication  in  the  Jour- 
nal, Messrs.  Turner  and  Holmes'  effort  may  be  only  briefly 
referred  to  in  tliis  report.  Only  the  Connnittee  of  Revision 
will  profit  by  an  early  perusal  of  the  entire  paper,  since  the 
branch  by  motion  instructed  the  secretary  to  forward  a  copy 
to  Professor  Joseph  P.  Remington. 

Mr.  Turner  read  the  paper.  Despite  the  amount  of  research 
work  done  on  the  estimation  of  cineol  in  oil  of  eucalyptus  it 
still  remained  an  unsettled  question.  The  permanganate  and 
resorcinol  methods,  being  based  on  wrong  premise.s,  were  in- 
accurate. The  latter  is  to  be  made  official  and  will  be  re- 
sponsible for  the  entrance  of  an  inferior  product  in  commerce. 
The  speaker  enlarged  upon  and  explained  at  length  the  various 
steps  in  these  two  methods.  He  also  referred  briefly  to  the 
phosphoric  acid,   hydrobromic  acid  and  other  old  metliods. 

The  paper  gave  much  space  to  the  method  originated  and 
preferred  by  the  two  authors.  This  was  an  arsenic  acid  quan- 
titative method  and  depends  upon  the  formation  of  cineol  ar- 
senate, the  addition  of  petroleum  ether  if  the  sample  is  rich 
in  cineol,  the  use  of  absorbent  papers  for  the  complete  drying 
of  the  arsenate,  the  decomposition  of  this  product  over  the 
water  bath,  collection  of  the  cineol  by  cooling,  etc.  Mr.  Turner 
presented  this  method  in  detail  and  made  many  interesting 
observations  relating  to  it  and  other  methods. 

The  properties  of  the  doubly  purified  cineol  differed  as  to 
the  source  of  the  preparation.  The  product  obtained  by  the 
resorcinol  method  gave  higher  results  than  that  obtained  by 
the  arsenate  method.  The  arsenic  method  is  not  scientifically 
e.xact  but  is  preferable  for  practical  purposes  to  others. 

The  paper  was  discussed  by  Otto  Raubenheinier.  B.  L. 
Murray,  Dr.  \Vm.  Mansfield,  Dr.  Curt  P.  Wimmer  and  others. 
Mr.  Turner  closed  the  discussion.  Mr.  Murray  stated  that  he 
and  his  assistants  had  not  been  able  to  get  results  with  the 
U.  S.  P.  method.  Dr.  Mansfield  explained  the  secretion  of  oil 
in  the  eucalyptus  leaf,  and  a  jar  of  leaves  was  passed  around 
for  examination.  Dr.  Wimmer  regarded  the  method  as  "too 
good  to  be  true"  and  hoped  the  Revision  Committee  would  have 
time  to  test  it  out.  Mr.  Turner  concluded  by  impressing  on 
the  members  that  the  directions  for  the  method  had  been  made 
most  explicit  and  should  be  closely  followed  by   beginners. 

Thomas  D.  McElhenie,  as  a  member  of  the  A.  Ph.  A. 
Council,  reported  that  the  working  pharmaceutical  exhibit 
proposition  now  before  the  parent  organization  was  favored  by 
some  and  disfavored  by  others.  To  some  it  seemed  best  to 
time  the  1915  A.  Ph.  .\.  convention  with  that  of  the  American 
Medical  .•\ssociation  and  to  hold  an  exhibition  on  that  occasion, 
but  not  to  hold  a  so-called  "working  exhibit"  which  would  cost 
seveial  thousand  dollars  and  which  the  general  public  in  at- 
tendance at  the  Exposition  would  not  notice.  C.  O.  Bigelow 
reported  that  the  New  York  College  of  Pharmacy  as  an  institu- 
tion had  voted  against  the  working  exhibit  proposition  last 
Winter. 

Chairman  Professor  Arny  brought  before  the  house  the  sug- 
gestion that  the  branch  invite  Dr.  Edward  Kremers.  of  the 
University  of  Wisconsin,  to  address  the  members  on  "The  His- 
tory of  Pharmacy."  Mr.  Bigelow  advised,  however,  that  the 
College  of  Pharmacy  had  a  special  fund  for  the  purpose  of 
presenting  such  features  as  that  prepared  by  Dr.  Kremers. 
The  matter  was  closed,  awaiting  report  from  Caswell  A.  Mayo, 
who  has  it  in  hand  for  the  college. 

Mr.  McElhenie  exhibited  to  the  members  a  bottle  of  hair 
tonic  or  dandruff  preparation  bearing  the  name  and  address 
".■\rthur  Rhodes,  Lowell,  Mass."  which  stated  on  the  carton 
that  the  preparation  contained  40  per  cent,  methyl  alcohol.  Mr. 
McElhenie  had  already  summoned  his  customer  to  the  store 
and  informed  her  of  its  wood  alcohol  content.     He  intended  to 


bring  the  matter  before  Dr.  Emerson,  of  Uie  Department  of 
Health, 

Treasurer  Dr.  Joseph  Weinstein  reported  a  balance  on  hand 
of  ?90. 

A  lecture  on  "Colloids,"  by  Dr.  Curt  P.  Wimmer,  and  a 
joint  lecture  by  Dean  H.  H.  Rusby  and  Dr.  Wm.  Jay  Schief- 
fclin  on  "Radium"  will  be  features  on  the  program  of  ensuing 
meetings. 


Chicag-o    Branch    A.    Ph.    A. 

The  Chicago  Branch  of  tlie  A.  Ph.  A.  held  the  first  monthly 
meeting  for  the  season  at  the  University  of  Illinois  School  of 
Pharmacy  Building  on  October  20.  In  the  absence  of  President 
Jas.  H.  Wells,  Vice-President  W.  B.  Day  presided. 

The  program  of  the  evening  included  the  presentation  of  five 
editorials  on  the  Convention  activities  of  the  pharmaceutical 
associations  represented  in  Chicago. 

Harold  H.  Bruun  presented  in  jjoctical  form  his  impressions 
of  the  Illinois  Ph.  A.  at  the  Fox  Lake  meeting,  the  first  ever 
held  by  the  association  at  a  summer  resort,  and  because  of  the 
large  attendance  and  success  of  the  business  sessions,  has  been 
favorably  criticised  by  all  in  attendance. 

J.  W.  Morrisson  represented  the  N.  W.  D,  A,  He  hiade 
tlie  assertion  that  of  the  262  members  of  that  association, 
practically  every  member  was  represented  at  the  convention 
held  at  Indianapolis.  He  dwelt  on  the  value  of  resolutions  and 
connnittee  reports  in  creating  and  molding  uniformity  of  opin- 
ion, not  only  among  the  members,  but  among  retail  druggists 
and  others  allied  with  pharmacy,  and  also  the  general  public. 
He  told  of  the  very  prompt  and  energetic  measures  employed  to 
defeat  the  stamp  tax  on  proprietarj'  medicines  endorsed  by 
the  Drug  Trade  Conference,  and  of  the  increased  co-operation 
between  the  various   branches  of  the  drug   business. 

Editor  Hugh  Craig  of  the  Journal  of  the  National  Associa- 
tion of  Retail  Druggists  spoke  for  that  organization,  presenting 
in  a  very  earnest  and  striking  manner  the  important  activities 
of  the  recent  Convention,  describing  the  forces  that  had  been 
brought  to  bear  to  obtain  wise  amendments  of  the  Harrison 
bill — the  national  anti-narcotic  law,  the  preparations  made  for 
increased  U.  S.  P.  and  N.  F.  propaganda  work,  the  new  ideas 
for  proprietary  medicine  control,  etc.  Secretary  Thos.  H. 
Potts,  also  of  the  N.  A.  R.  D.,  told  of  the  hundreds  of  tele- 
grams and  thousands  of  letters  that  had  been  sent  out  within 
the  last  few  days  in  the  endeavor  to  kill  the  Senate  amendment 
of  the  war  ta,x  revenue  law  for  a  stamp  tax  on  proprietary 
medicines.  He  also  strongly  urged  a  united  front  of  all  drug 
interests,  and  stated  that  the  enlarged  motto  of  the  N.  A.  R.  D. 
now  was  organization,   co-operation  and  co-ordination. 

The  A.  Ph.  A.  Convention  activities  were  discussed  by  Pro- 
fessor C.  M.  Snow,  who  summarized  the  interesting  features  in 
a  most  attractive  way,  dwelling  especially  on  the  U.  S.  P.  and 
N.  F.  work.  ^Messrs.  Craig,  Gathercoal  and  Becker  were  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  present  a  summary  of  the  programs  for 
the   meetings   of    the    Branch    to    be    held    during    the    coming 

season.  

Cincinnati  Branch 

A  subject  of  professional  interest  was  handled  before  the 
Cincinnati  Branch  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.  by  Dr.  A.  O.  Zwick,  on 
"Poisoners,  Ancient  and  Modern."  The  talk  revealed  a  vast 
amount  of  research  on  the  part  of  Dr.  Zwick,  and  also  car- 
ried with  it  a  number  of  decided  thrills,  which  were  fully 
enjoyed  by  the  druggists  as  well  as  by  the  ladies  present.  The 
occasion  was  the  opening  session  of  the  v^'inter  course,  and 
was  celebrated  by  an  excellent  dinner,  after  which  President 
E.  H.  Thiesing  outlined  the  season's  work  to  be  taken  up  by 
the   branch. 

The  branch  now  has  a  membership  of  fifty.  The  officers 
for  the  current  year  are  President,  E.  H.  Thiesing;  vice-presi- 
dents, F.  W.  Weissman  and  I.  E.  Kutchbauch;  treasurer,  Julius 
Greyer;  secretary,  Charles  A.  Apmeyer.  E.xecutive  Committee, 
Dr.  A.  O.  Zwick,   C.  T.  P.  Fennel,  and  Charles  G.  Merrell. 


Proposed  Morg-antown,  W.  Va..,  Branch 

Druggists  residing  in  Morgantown,  Fairmont  and  contigu- 
ous towns  in  West  Virginia,  have  petitioned  the  parent  body 
for  the  creation  of  a  local  branch  to  be  known  as  the  Morgan- 
town,  W.  Va.,  Branch  of  the  A.  Ph.  A.  The  petition  was 
signed  by  seventeen  druggists  and  others  interested  in  phar- 
macy from  the  first-named  city,  and  seventeen  others,  residing 
in  Fairmont,  Pine  Grove,  Keysor,  Jaeger,  Richwood,  Clarks- 
burg, Huntington,  Sutton,  Piedmont,  Welch,  Terra  Alta,  and 
Hastings,  Pa. 


December,  191-4] 


THE  PHAEMACEUTICAL  ERA 


Philadelphia  Branch 

Professor  Charles  H.  LeWall  introduced  a  resolution  at  the 
Noveinber  meeting  of  the  Philadelphia  branch  of  the  American 
Pharmaceutical  Association,  held  at  the  Philadelphia  College 
of  Pharmacy,  protesting  against  the  opinion  of  the  Chief  of 
the  Bureau  of  Chemistr>%  in  which  the  latter  states  that  the 
word  "dram"  unqualified  means  1/16  of  an  avoirdupois  ounce. 
This  resolution,  and  another,  protesting  to  the  editors  and 
publishers  of  Pearson's  Magazine  against  the  publication  of  a 
certain  article,   were  as  follows; 

The  Philadelphia  branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation do  hereby 

RESOLVE,  That  we  emphatically  disagree  with  the  opinion  of 
the  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Chemistry  of  the  United  States  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture  as  e-xpressed  in  General  Information  Opinion 
No.  66,  issued  July,  1914,  in  which  he  states  that  the  word  "Dram" 
unqualified  means   1/16  of  an  avoirdupois  ounce. 

This  is  contrary  to  all  pharmaceutical  teachings  and  usage,  and 
as  the  use  of  the  word  would  largely  be  applied  to  medicinal 
products  the  impression  created  by  the  use,  thus  authorized,  of 
the  word  would  be  misleading  and  might  lead  to  serious  results. 
The  word  dram,  unqualified,  should  be  held  to  mean  l/^  of  an 
apothecaries   (or   Troy)    ounce,  which   is   60   grains. 

The  Philadelphia  branch  of  the  American  Pharmaceutical  Asso- 
ciation  do   hereby 

RESOLVE:  That  we  protest  most  energetically  to  the  editors  and 
publishers  of  Pearson's  magazine  against  the  publication  of  the 
article  "Pills  and  Piracy"  by  Sloane  Gordon,  in  the  November 
issue  of  the  magazine  and  condemn  it  as  unfair  and  misleading  in 
that  it  takes  no  cognizance  of  the  care  and  skill  exercised  and  the 
high  educational  attainments  required  to  conscientiously  practice 
pharmacy  and  avoid  errors  in  the  preparation  and  dispensing  of 
physicians'  prescriptions.  If  the  underlying  principle  upon  which 
the  author's  article  is  based  be  admitted  then  barbers  would  only 
charge  for  the  soap  used  in  a  shave  and  authors  would  only  be 
permitted   to   charge   for   their   paper   and   ink. 

We  not  only  ask  that  such  articles  be  refused  in  the  future  but 
that  some  editorial  expression  of  error  or  regret  at  the  publication 
of  the  article  in  question  be  made  in  one  of  the  issues  of  the  near 
future  and  that  this  resolution  be  sent  to  the  editor  of  Pearson's 
magazine  and  to  the  various  pharmaceutical  journals  for  publica- 
tion. 

A  feature  of  the  program  of  the  evening  was  the  reading  of 
a  paper  on  "The  Use  and  Therapeutic  \"alue  of  the  Popular 
Animal  Glands,"  by  Dr.  C.  E.  deM.  Sajous.  Dr.  Wm.  Jay 
Schieffelin  read  a  paper  discussing  "The  Use  of  Standardized 
Radium  Emanations  in  iledical  Practice."  W.  L.  Cliffe,  F.  E. 
Stewart  and  H.  C.  Wood  participated  in  the  ensuing  discus- 
sion. M.  Franklin  Apple  was  unable  to  present  "The  Review 
of  Current  Pharmaceutical  Literature."  He  was  called  out  of 
town  by   the  illlness  of  his  father. 


N.  Y.  POLICE  GET  AFTER  SUNDAY  SALES 


Conference  Members  Unanimously  Agree  Not  to  Sell 
Goods   Which  Most   of  Them   Do   Not   Deal   in 

That  the  police  of  this  city  are  renewing  their  efforts  to 
stop  the  sale  on  Sunday  of  certain  articles  handled  by  some 
drug  stores,  was  reported  at  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Xew 
York  Pharmaceutical  Conference,  held  at  the  New  York  Col- 
lege of  Pharmacy.  It  developed  that  a  list  of  articles  which 
shall  not  be  sold  on  Sunday  had  been  agreed  upon  by  certain 
druggists  in  the  Broadway  district.  The  conference  was  asked 
to  adopt  tliis  list  in  order  to  give  it  a  sort  of  official  pharma- 
ceutical endorsement  which  would  gain  some  consideration  at 
the  hands  of  the  Police  Department  in  case  a  pharmacist  should 
be  prosecuted.  The  list  was  practically  imanimously  adopted, 
but  not  before  Peter  Diamond  and  Dr.  Joseph  Kahn  had  put 
up  a  strong  minority  fight.  Mr.  Diamond  said  that  he  would 
not  subscribe  himself  not  to  sell  a  list  of  articles,  not  one 
item  of  which  did  he  carry  in  his  store.  He  was  willing  to 
agree  to  sell  nothing  but  medicines  on  Sunday,  but  the  list 
presented  did  not  apply  to  real  drug  stores. 

The  list   is  as  follows: 

Kodaks,  cameras,  printing  frames,  developing  solutions,  photo 
paper,  photo  glassware,  photo  trays,  photo  racks,  photo  lamps,  photo 
tanks,  photo  tripods,  photo  carrying  cases,  electric  lauips,  electric 
flashlights,  electric  heating  devices,  electric  flat  irons,  electric  toas- 
ters, electric  fans,  electric  hair  dryers,  bath  room  fixtures,  out  door 
thermometers,  bric-a-brac,  hand  mirrors,  memorandum  books,  blank 
books,  hand  bags,  pocket  books,  picture  books,  dolls,  toys,  canes, 
playing  cards,  poker  chips,  cut  glass,  coat  hangers,  pocket  knives, 
alarm  clocks,  jewelry,  shoe  polish,  Pullman  slippers,  bathing  caps, 
bathing  shoes,  bath  mats,  bath  towels,  whisk  brooms,  pine  pillows, 
automobile    hats    and   picture    frames. 

Tea,  coffee,  table  oils,  olives  and  such  other  food  stuffs  carried 
by  druggists  to  be  sold  only  during   delicatessen  hours. 

Dr.  Wm.  C.  .\nderson  reported  that  S.  V.  Gibson,  of  the 
New  York  Telephone  Co.  had  informed  him  that  his  company 


was  working  on  a  plan  whereby  the  person  'phoning  would 
pay  the  one-cent  war  tax  on  calls  costing  15  cents  or  over. 
.According  to  the  latter,  a  small  per  cent,  of  the  long  distance 
calls  are  made  over  the  slot  machine  'phones.  At  any  rate, 
the  entire  responsibility  for  the  collection  of  the  ta.x  would 
be  taken  from  the  retail  druggist. 

Dr.  .\nderson  also  reported  that,  according  to  Dr.  Haven 
Emerson,  of  the  Department  of  Health,  the  Corporation  Coun- 
sel had  disagreed,  in  what  seemed  to  Dr.  Anderson  a  very- 
informal  sort  of  an  opinion,  with  the  opinion  of  the  Attorney- 
General  that  health  ordinance  182  was  "without  effect."  Mr. 
Diamond  quoted  the  Corporation  Counsel  to  the  effect  that 
the  Board  has  182  under  consideration  and  will  probably 
amend  it  in  the  near  future.  Mr.  Diamond  also  presented  a 
lengthy  report  on  the  work  of  the  attorney  retained  by  the  Con- 
ference. The  entire  discussion  was  concluded  by  the  adoption 
of  a  resolution  continuing  the  sub-conmiittee  with   power. 

The  pharmaceutical  members  of  the  Advisory-  Council  to  the 
New  York  City  Board  of  Health  are  unanimously  opposed  to 
the  whole  proposition,  incorporated  in  the  proposed  Health 
Board  ordinance,  that  the  formulas  of  proprietary  medicines 
be  either  published  on  die  label  or  registered  with  the  Board. 
This  was  the  gist  of  another  report  made  by  Dr.  .\nderson. 
The  pharmaceutical  contingent  were  supposed  to  be  in  the 
position  of  aiding  in  the  "strengthening"  of  the  proposed  ordi- 
nance, but  to  lapse  into  the  vernacular,  they  could  not  even 
"see"    the   measure. 

.\t  the  time  of  the  presentation  of  the  above  report  accord- 
ing to  Dr.  .\nderson,  the  proposed  ordinance  provided  for  the 
registration  of  the  formulas  with  the  Board.  Such  a  regula- 
tion while  it  would  not  immediately  make  public  proprietary 
formulas,  as  would  their  publication  on  the  label,  would  per- 
mit their  publication  in  the  shape  of  evidence  upon  the  instruc- 
tion of  a  court.  To  bring  this  about  would  merely  require  the 
bringing  of  a  suit  by  anyone  who  might  claim  that  a  certain 
proprietary-  did  not  accomplish  the  e.-qjected  results.  The 
Board  of  Health  got  no  encouragement  from  the  pharmacists 
on  the  .\dvisory  Council,  although  the  corporation  drug  stores 
were  represented  on  this  occasion  for  the  first  time.  This  is 
interesting,  for  the  reason  that,  as  we  go  to  press,  these  stores 
are  obser\-ing  health  ordinance  182,  which  is  not  enforced. 

Dr.  .\nderson  did  not  think  that  the  Board  of  Health  would 
be  deterred  in  its  determination  to  adopt  the  proposed  measure. 

Chairman  Dr.  Anderson  also  reported  that  the  Board  of 
Health  would  in  the  near  future  pass  an  ordinance  prohibiting 
the  distribution  from  house  to  house  of  samples  of  medicines. 

It  should  be  obser\-ed  that  the  meeting  reported  by  Dr. 
.\nderson  was  not  a  meeting  of  the  Advisory-  Council,  but  was 
an  invitation  affair  to  which  the  pharmaceutical  members  of 
the  .Advisory  Council  were  invited.  The  same  people  were 
present  but  the  auspices  were  unofficial. 


L.  K.  Lig-g-ett  on  South  American  Opportunities 

Louis  K.  Liggett,  president  of  the  L'nited  Drug  Company, 
Boston,  was  the  guest  of  the  Plymouth  Advertising  Club  recently 
at  Plymouth,  ilass.,  and  he  spoke  on  business  conditions.  He 
was  not  optimistic  over  the  prospect  of  South  American  trade 
opportunities,   saying : 

"The  campaign  to  boom  our  export  trade  with  South  Amer- 
ican and  other  markets  usually  supplied  by  England,  France 
and  Germany,  while  praiseworthy,  does  not  appear  to  have  the 
elements  of  success  back  of  it,  for  South  America  is  financially 
broke,  with  practically  no  credit,  and  furthermore  .-Vmerican 
manufacturers  do  not  understand  the  foreign  markets  and 
conditions.  To  get  and  keep  this  foreign  trade  necessitates 
special  training  and  education,  all  of  which  means  years  of 
preparation.  Before  we  could  capture  the  South  .American 
markets,  the  war  would  be  over.  Then  when  this  event  comes, 
the  price  of  labor  will  be  reduced  in  these  warring  countries, 
probably  40  to  50  per  cent,  and  with  the  desire  to  increase 
their  volume  of  business,  .\merica,  with  her  wealth,  will  be 
the  logical  market,  with  a  result  that  this  country-,  under  our 
present  tariff  laws,  will  be  flooded  with  foreign-made  goods, 
with  which  our  manufacturers  will  find  it  impossible  to  com- 
pete. 

"Foreign  coimtries  export  about  53  per  cent,  of  tlieir  prod- 
ucts, while  .\merica  exports  only  about  5  per  cent.,  and  after 
the  war  is  closed,  there  is  every  reason  to  fear  a  tremendous 
influ.x  of  competitive  goods." 


576 


THE   PHAKiL^CEUTICAL   ERA 


[December.   1914 


CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE  BOARD  AT  WORK 


Committee  on  Food  and  Drug  Control  to  Co-operate 
with  Federal  Bureau  to  Secure  Uniform  Legislation 
The  special  committee  appointed  by  the  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce of  the  U.  S.  A.,  to  study  unit'orm  food  and  dnig  regula- 
tions, has  begun  its  important  task,  and  has  adopted  resolu- 
tions commending  the  efforts  of  the  Federal  Bureau  in  the 
Department  of  .Agriculture.  The  personnel  of  the  conmiittee 
is  as  follows:  Chairman,  \V.  M.  McConnick.  of  McCormick 
&  Co..  Baltimore;  A.  J.  Porter,  of  the  Shredded  Wheat  Co., 
Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. ;  John  .\.  Green,  of  the  National  Asso- 
ciation of  Retail  Grocers,  Cleveland;  B.  L.  Murray,  of  Merck 
&:  Co.,  New  York,  and  Theodore  F.  Whitmarsh,  of  Francis 
H.  Leggett  &  Co.,  New  York.  Mr.  Murray  has  been  appointed 
chairman  of  the  sub-committee  on  drug  control,  and  Mr.  Por- 
ter chairman  of  the  division  on  food  control. 

The  following  resolution  was  adopted  at  the  first  meeting: 
Resolved,  That  this  committee  hereby  earnestly  and 
heartily  endorses  the  establishment  of  the  bureau  in  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture,  particularly  con- 
cerned with  Federal  and  State  co-operation  in  the  enforce- 
ment of  the  food  and  drug  control  laws,  thereby  promoting 
an  equal  and  uniform  enforcement  of  such  laws,  believing 
that  this   work   is   distinctly    in   the   public   interest. 

Another  resolution,  imanimously  adopted,  purports  to  shed 
some  light  on  what  the  committee's  views  are  regarding  uni- 
formity : 

Uniformity  as  the  committee  w^oiJd  define  it  involves  the 
highest  degree  of  efficiency  in  food  and  drug  control  which 
it  is  possible  to  have  prevail  universally  and  equally  in 
every  part  of  the  nation.  The  Federal,  State,  and  munici- 
pal laws  and  their  regulations  would,  if  perfect  uniformity 
were  attainable,  reach  the  level  of  full  and  complete  efficien- 
cy— and  thereby  afford  equal  protection  and  uniform  stand- 
ards of  living  for  all  the  people.  Uniformity  accomplished 
places  merit  and  the  general  public  interest  over  local,  po- 
litical, and  geographical  divisions.  This  committee  will 
therefore  direct  its  efforts  and  consideration  towards  the 
accomplishment  of  uniformity.  The  committee  cannot  but 
feel  impressed  with  the  magnitude,  the  importance,  and  the 
seriousness  of  this  work.  It  cannot  but  feel  the  need  for 
the  closest  study  of  the  subject.  Again  the  committee  can- 
not but  feel  the  necessity  for  the  fullest  and  most  cordial 
co-operation  between  itself  and  the  officials  and  all  others 
concerned.  The  committee  will  of  necessity  act  deliberately 
and  slowly,  making  certain  of  each  step,  considering  only 
the  important   problems    of   national   character. 


Schools  and  Colleges 


NEW  LIFE  INJECTED  INTO  N.  J.  PH.  A. 


Executive  Committee  meets  in  Newark,  hears  Favor- 
able Financial  Report  and  plans  June  Meeting 
The  executive  committee  of  the  New  Jersey  State  Phar- 
maceutical -Association  met  recently  at  the  Continental  Hotel, 
Newark,  to  discuss  matters  of  interest  to  that  organization. 
Those  present  were:  C.  J.  McCloskey,  Jersey  City,  and  L.  P. 
Langheinz.  Elizabeth,  members  of  the  committee;  President 
H.  C.  Gallagher,  Jersey  City;  Secretary  Frank  C.  Stutzlen, 
Elizabeth;  Treasurer  James  Foulke,  Jersey  City;  Ex-President 
Charles  W.  Holzhauer,  Newark;  Member  of  the  State  Board 
David  Strauss,   Newark,  and  James  C.   Field,   Asbury  Park. 

The  books  and  accounts  of  the  former  treasurer  were  audited. 
Treasurer  Foulke  reported  on  the  present  condition  of  the 
funds  of  the  association,  which  report  was  considered  by  the 
committee  as  a  good  one  considering  the  short  time  Mr.  Foulke 
had  been  in  office. 

It  was  also  reported  that  many  of  the  Congressmen  elected 
favored  the  passage  of  the  Stevens  bill.  Plans  were  outlined 
for  the  annual  meeting  at  Spring  Lake  in  Jime  next.  Local 
Secretary  H.  W.  Crooks  reported  that  in  a  short  time  he 
would  be  able  to  fix  the  exact  date  of  meeting.  Mr.  Crooks 
e.Tcpressed  the  belief  that  it  would  be  the  largest  meeting  in  the 
history  of  the  association.  The  aim  of  the  executive  committee 
this  year  is  to  put  new  life  and  vigor  into  the  affairs  of  the 
organization,  and  to  make  the  association  so  valuable  that  no 
pharmacist  in  the  State  can  afford  to  remain  without  the  or- 
ganization. 

Mr.  Strauss,  chairman  of  the  membership  conmiittee,  reported 
that  an  active  campaign  had  begun  for  new  members.  He 
stated  that  he  expected  to  have  the  largest  number  of  new 
members  that  had  ever  been  proposed  at  any  former  aimual 
meeting. 

.Arrangements  were  made  to  print  the  proceedings  of  the  1914 
meeting  as  soon  as  sufficient  fimds  are  at  hand. 


University  of  Maryland 

The  members  of  the  University  of  Maryland  Department  of 
Pharmacy  are  elated  over  the  fact  that  the  ntmiber  of  students 
this  year  represents  a  great  increase  over  last  year  and  really 
sets  a  new  mark,  the  increase  being  emphasized  in  view  of  the 
fact  that  the  other  departments  of  the  imiversity  are  hardly  up 
to  their  former  strength.  The  jimior  class  in  pharmacy  this 
year  contains  not  less  than  75  names,  which  is  fully  double 
the  number  on  the  roster  last  year  and  revives  memories  of 
the  most  flourishing  days  of  the  Marjiand  College  of  Phar- 
macy, the  predecessor  of  the  department.  This  gain  naturally 
makes  the  members  of  the  teaching  staff  feel  highly  gratified. 
The  increase  holds  out  a  promise  that  next  year  a  further  gain 
will  be  made,  in  juniors,  while  the  senior  class  will  also  be 
much  stronger  because  of  the  increase  this  year.  There  is 
every  indication  that  the  facilities  of  the  department  will  have 
to  be  enlarged  to  take  care  of  the  influx.  Dr.  Charles  Caspari, 
Jr..  is  the  dean  of  the  faculty. 

Dr.  G.  A.  Stall,  one  of  the  graduates  of  the  Department,  has 
been  made  assistant  to  Dr.  J.  Carlton  Wolf  in  the  dispensing 
di\ision. 


University  of  Illinois 
F.  C.  Dodds,  secretary  of  the  Illinois  Board  of  Pharmacy, 
recently  addressed  the  classes  in  pharmacy,  the  junior  class  on 
Nov.  10,  and  the  senior  class  on  Nov.  11.  The  addresses  were 
confined  to  a  discussion  of  the  Illinois  pharmacy  law,  pointing 
out  the  meaning  of  the  vaiious  sections  and  its  requirements  for 
candidates  for  license  as  apprentice,  assistant  pharmacist  and 
registered  pharmacist;  the  conditions  tmder  which  practical 
experience  is  accepted  by  the  board;  the  restrictions  upon 
pharmacists  or  clerks  coming  from  other  states  or  from  for- 
eign countries;  the  requirements  regarding  the  preservation  of 
physicians'  prescriptions;  the  explanation  of  the  cocaine  section 
and  the  operation  of  the  law  in  general.  The  address  was 
closely  followed  by  the  students,  who  fully  appreciated  its 
value  and  helpfulness.  It  is  plaimed  to  follow  the  precedent 
thus  established  with  similar  lectures  to  be  given  at  each  ses- 
sion. 


University  of  Iowa 

The  Jimior  class  has  elected  the  following  officers:  President, 
R.  E.  Everly,  Canton,  111. ;  \ice-president  J.  C.  Lick.  Du- 
buque; secretary-treasurer,  Lucile  S.  Shircliff,  Solon;  yell  lead- 
er, W.  R.  Jennings,  Red  Oak. 

Phi  Delta  Chi  held  the  first  initiation  of  the  year  at  the 
College  on  the  evening  of  October  23.  The  initiates  were 
W.  R.  Jennings,  Red  Oak,  la.,  C.  A.  Pates  and  R.  S.  Potter, 
both  of  Jefferson,   la. 

The  Mortar  and  Pestle  Club  recently  began  its  program  for 
the  year.  Professor  Bohmnil  Shimek  gave  a  most  interesting 
talk  about  his  experiences  in  Europe  during  the  past  summer, 
dwelling  especially  upon  the  conditions  of  life  among  the  com- 
mon people.  He  also  told  some  very  interesting  things  which 
show  the  contrast  between  systeins  of  education  in  universities 
there  and  in  .America.  -At  the  second  meeting  on  Nov.  3 
G.  J.  Zopf  talked  on  "What  Constitutes  an  Efficient  Drug 
Clerk." 

C.  B.  Bumside,  Ph.  G.  '12,  Ph.  C.  '13,  of  the  Schlegel  Phar- 
macy, Davenport,  writes  that  he  has  been  asked  to  give  a 
course  of  lectures  on  chemistry  to  a  class  of  nurses  at  Mercy 
Hospital,  that  city. 

Phi  Delta  Chi  celebrated  Fotmder's  Day  on  November  2 
with  a  banquet  at  the  Hotel  Jefferson.  Dr.  C.  S.  Chase  acted 
as  master  of  ceremonies,  and  this  toast  program  was  carried  out : 
"The  Pharmacy  College  and  Phi  Delta  Chi,"  Dean  W.  J. 
Teeters;  "Our  Grand  Cotmcil."  .A.  B.  Wagoner;  "Fraternity," 
Professor  R.  B.  Davis;  "The  History  of  Phi  Delta  Chi,"  Pro- 
fessor R.  .A.  Kuever;  "E.  Pluribus  Unum."  Dr.  W.  J.  Kars- 
lake;  "The  View  Point  of  the  Pledge."  W.  R.  Jermings;  "The 
Fraternity  House,"  L.  K.  Fenlon.  Phi  Delta  Chi  fraternity 
was  fotmded  at  the  University  of  Michigan  thirty-one  years 
ago.  Nu  Chapter  at  the  University  of  Iowa  is  in  good  condi- 
tion and  its  record  of  scholarship  is  of  the  highest  order. 

J.  C.  Bailey,  of  the  N.  .A.  D.  C,  was  in  the  city  recently 
and  presented  the  Association's  catise  to  the  students. 


i 


December.  1914]  THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 

St.   Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  Celebrates  Golden  Jubilee 


5T, 


A  group  of  notable  pharmacists  'U'ho  were  photographed  in  front  of  the  fern  house  at  Shaw's  Botanical  Garden,  St.  Louis, 
at  the  time  of  the  recent  college  celebration.  Among  those  whose  features  many  readers  will  readily  recognise  are  {from 
left  to  right)  ':  1,  William  Mittelbach,  Boonville,  Mo.;  2,  Prof.  F.  J.  Wulling,  Minneapolis,  Minn.;  3,  Dr.  O.  A.  Wall,  Sr.; 
4,  Prof.  Charles  Caspari,  Jr.,  Baltimore,  Md.;  5,  Prof.  James  M.  Good;  6.  Dr.  Charles  E.  Caspari,  St.  Louis;  7,  Prof. 
Joseph  P.  Remington,  Philadelphia;  8,  Dr.  Otto  A.  Wall,Jr.;  9.  Dr.  H.  M.  Whelpley;  10,  Dr.  Otto  F.  Claus;  11,  Wm. 
K.  Ilhardt;  12.  L.  .4.  Seitz;  13,  Charles  Gcitner;  14,  Theo.F.  Hagenow;  IS,  Prof.  Francis  Hemm;  16,  Wm.  C.  Bolm; 
17,  Dr.  J.  C.  Falk  (president  of  the  college). 


St.  Louis,  Nov.  12. — The  two  big  days  and  the  two  big 
nights  of  the  formal  celebration  of  the  semi-centennial  of  the 
St.  Louis  C.  P.  closed  in  a  burst  of  eloquence  at  the  Planters 
Hotel  last  night,  when  more  than  500  persons,  representing  all 
sections  of  the  country',  attended  the  college  banquet.  The 
feast  closed  the  program  formally  but  the  celebration  isn't  over 
^it  won't  be  over  until  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  has 
a  new  home.  That's  the  ambition — and  St.  Louis  Cgllege  of 
Pharmacy  has  a  record  for  progress. 

The  program  of  formal  exercises  at  Central  High  School 
auditorium  on  the  evening  of  Nov.  10  is  sufficient  indication 
to  the  pharmacist  of  the  success  of  the  first  night's  celebration: 
"Announcement,"  Dr.  H.  M.  Whelpley,  dean;  "St.  Louis  Col- 
lege of  Pharmacy,"  Col.  C.  P.  Walbridge,  e.x-president ;  ".Ameri- 
can Pharmacy,"  Prof.  Joseph  P.  Remington,  Philadelphia; 
"The  Student  Body,"  Dr.  Joseph  L.  Boehm.  class  of  1896; 
"Pharmacy  During  the  Existence  of  the  St.  Louis  College  of 
Pharmacy,"  Prof.  Charles  Caspari,  Jr.,  Baltimore;  "The  Rela- 
tion of  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia  to  the  Public,"  Dr. 
James  H.  Beal,  Scio,  Ohio;  "The  Possibilities  of  the  St.  Louis 
College  of  Pharmacy,"  Prof.  Frederick  J.  Wulling,  llirmeapolis, 
Miim. 

At  the  banquet  the  toastmaster  was  Frederick  W.  Sultan. 
The  toasts:  "Greetings,"  Dr.  John  C.  Falk,  president;  "The 
Faculty,"  Dr.  H.  M.  Whelpley,  dean;  "The  Alumni,"  William 
C.  Bohn;  "College  Days  of  the  '60's,"  Dr.  Otto  A.  Wall,  Sr.; 
"Presentation  of  Portrait  of  Dr.  Charles  O.  Curtman,  professor 
of  chemistry,  1879-1889,"  Mrs.  Ida  Curtman  Falk,  his  daugh- 
ter; "Acceptance  on  Behalf  of  the  College,"  Dr.  F.  W.  Fre- 
richs;  "College  Days  of  the  '70's,"  Dr.  Henr\-  Schwarz,  '76; 
"The  Pharmaceutical  Press,"  Henr>-  R.  Strong;  "College  Days 
of  the  '80's,"  Dr.  Otto  F.  Claus,  '82 ;  "Guests,"  Prof.  Frederick 
J.  Wulling,  U.  of  Minn.;  "College  Days  of  the  '90's,"  Dr.  Os- 
car H.  Elbrecht,  '97;  "College  Finances,"  Solomon  Boehm,  '86; 
"College  Days  of  the  'OO's,"  J.  A.  Wilkerson,  '09;  "College 
Days  of  '14,"  Walter  S.  Hunter;  "Absentees,"  Dr.  Charles 
E.   Caspari. 

At  the  High  School  auditorium  and  at  the  banquet  there 
were  programs  of  orchestral  music. 


Among  those  participating  in  the  celebration  were  about  500 
graduates  of  the  institution.  One  of  the  events  of  the  two 
days  of  entertainment  was  a  visit  to  Missouri  Botanical 
(Shaw's)  Garden.  On  this  outing,  and  at  the  High  School 
and  at  the  banquet,  there  were  a  number  of  women  guests. 
At  the  banquet  there  was  a  vote  taken  on  the  question  of 
whether  it  was  advisible  to  make  high  school  graduation  or 
its  equivalent  a  pre-requisite  for  entrance  to  a  college  of 
pharmacy  as  a  student  or  for  examination  before  a  State 
B.oard  of  pharmacy.  The  vote  was  164  in  favor  and  103 
against  such  a  prerequisite  requirement.  Prof.  Charles  E. 
Caspari  of  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  gave  a  banquet 
at  the  University  Club  in  honor  of  his  father,  Prof.  Charles 
Caspari,    Jr.,   of  Baltimore. 

The  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  was  established  in  the 
fall  of  1864.  .\mong  the  founders  and  first  officers  were  Dr. 
George  Englemann,  Dr.  Montrose  M.  Fallen,  Dr.  John  T. 
Hodgen.  Henr>-  Shaw,  Col.  John  O'Fallon,  Dr.  Enno  Sander, 
Eugene  Massot  and  Maurice  W.  .Alexander.  After  preliminary 
consultations,  a  meeting  was  called  for  Nov.  3,  1864,  to  take 
definite  action  in  regard  to  establishing  a  college  in  St.  Louis. 
This  meeting  was  held  in  the  office  of  Dr.  Montrose  M.  Fallen, 
who  acted  as  chairman,  with  Eugene  Massot  as  secretary,  and 
a  committee  was  appointed  to  draw  up  a  constitution  and  by- 
laws. 

On  Nov.  11,  1864,  another  meeting  was  held  in  the  hall  of 
the  St.  Louis  Medical  College,  on  Seventh  Street  and  Clark 
Avenue,  which  was  largely  attended  by  physicians  and  phar- 
macists. Dr.  John  T.  Hodgen  presided  and  Dr.  J.  S.  B. 
AUeNTie  acted  as  secrctarj-.  The  constitution  and  by-laws  were 
adopted  and  the  St.  Louis  College  was  formally  established. 

Lectures  began  in  the  fall  of  1865.  Lecture  courses  have 
been  given  every  year  since,  except  in  the  winter  of  1869-70. 
The  legal  existence  of  the  college  dates  back  from  March  19, 
1867,  when  a  charter  was  obtained.  After  several  changes  in 
location,  the  college  acquired  a  more  permanent  home,  in  1873, 
in  the  Insurance  Exchange  Building,  southeast  corner  Broad- 
way and  Olive  Street,  now  occupied  by  the  National  Bank  of 
Commerce,   where   the   fifth   floor  was  occupied  by   the   college 


578 


THE  PHARilACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


for  eleven  years.  In  1SS4  the  session  was  opened  in  a  new- 
building,  at  412  South  Si.xth  Street,  especially  built  for  college 
purposes,  which  was  leased  by  the  college.  In  October,  1S92. 
the  college  removed  to  iu  own  building,  at  210S-2110  Locust 
Street,  which  it  now  occupies.  The  present  building  is  be- 
coming too  small  and  the  neighborhood  is  changing  to  a  busi- 
ness section,  so  that  a  change  of  location  will  in  time  become 
almost  imperative.  A  committee  has  been  appointed  to  con- 
sider this  matter  and  plans  for  a  new  building  and  location 
may  be  expected  soon. 

Of  the  si.x  colleges  of  pharmacy  in  this  country  that  are  fifty 
or  more  years  old,  the  St.  Louis  College  of  Pharmacy  is  one. 
It  is  also  one  of  the  leading  colleges  of  pharmacy  devoted  ex- 
clusively to  teaching  pharmacy.  It  has  been  upheld  by  many 
personal  and  financial  sacrifices  on  the  part  of  its  members, 
officers  and  faculty,  to  all  of  whom  great  credit  is  due.  The 
college  is  not  a  money-making  scheme,  but,  if  it  were  discon- 
tinued, its  property  would  revert  to  the  state  educational  re- 
sources. Therefore,  it  appeals  to  the  good  will  of  all  for 
encouragement  in  its  efforts  to  help  elevate  pharmacy  in  this 
country. 

The  Committee  on  Semi-Centennial  which  planned  and  had 
charge  of  the  great  event,  was  composed  of  the  following  mem- 
bers: Solomon  Boehm,  Wm.  C.  Bolm,  Charles  E.  Caspari,  Otto 
F.  Claus,  Tlieodore  F.  Hagenow,  Henry  O.  A.  Huegel,  Edw^ard 
Mallinckrodt,  George  R.  Merrell,  Theodore  F.  ileyer,  William 
H.  Thaler,  H.  M.  Whelpley  and  Jerome  A.  Wilkerson. 


cian's  office  without  having  eaten  his  breakfast  and  the  sulphate 
was  to  have  been  used  preparatory  to  an  X-ray  examination. 


BAKITJM    POISONING — STRIKING    COINCIDENCE 


Druggist    in    this    City    and    One    in    Baltimore    Fill 
Prescriptions  with   "Sulphide"'  and  Patients  Die 

A  remarkable  coincidence  in  the  filling  of  almost  identical 
prescriptions  with  the  same  poison  and  with  the  same  fatal 
results  occurred  recently  when  a  druggist  in  this  city  and  one 
in  Baltimore,  in  the  same  week,  filled  physicians'  orders  for 
barium  sulphate,  to  be  used  preparatory  to  X-ray  examinations, 
with  barium  sulphide,  the  patient  in  each  case  dying  shortly 
after.  Both  druggists  claim  that  they  have  never  in  their  ex- 
perience dispensed  barium  sulphate.  To  each  it  seemed  obvi- 
ous that  he  was  dispensing  the  only  medicament  that  the  pre- 
scription called  for. 

Isaac  Harkavay,  druggist  at  216  Clinton  street,  this  city, 
filled  a  prescription  calling  for  "barium  sulphate,  .two  ounces," 
by  sending  a  bottle  of  barium  sulphide,  labeled  as  such,  to  the 
physician.  The  patient  died  and  the  druggist  and  two  physi- 
cians. Dr.  I.  J.  Hoffman  and  Dr.  Joseph  Earsky,  were  held  in 
S5,000  bail  each,  awaiting  the  coroner's  inquest. 

.\ccording  to  Mr.  Harkavay's  statement  to  an  Er.4  represen- 
tative, he  had  been  accustomed  for  some  time  to  deliver  poisons 
upon  proper  order  to  one  of  the  physicians,  by  Lizzie  Gold- 
stein, whom  the  druggist  thought  was  a  janitress.  On  the 
above  date,  this  woman  came  to  the  store  and  presented  what 
was  really  a  prescription,  bearing  the  name  of  Dr.  I.  J.  Hoff- 
man and  calling  for  "barium  sulphate,  two  ounces."  Mr.  Har- 
kavay says  that  the  order  was  almost  illegible,  but  he  had  to 
admit  that  he  could  make  out  the  "barium  sulphate"  and  knew 
that  it  did  not  read  "barium  sulphide."  He  says  that  he  had 
a  bad  headache  at  the  time  and  was  very  busy  putting  up 
prescriptions.  He  thought  the  physician  had  made  a  mistake 
and  was  guided  by  the  fact,  as  he  says,  that  in  his  entire 
twelve  or  thirteen  years'  experience  in  the  drug  business,  he 
had  never  sold  barium  sulphate.  He  had  put  up  barium  sul- 
phide in  the  compounding  of  hair-removing  preparations,  and 
had  only  the  day  before  used  six  ounces  of  the  sulphide  for 
this  purpose.  He  had  taken  this  amount  from  an  eight-ounce 
bottle,  bearing  Merck's  label,  on  which  was  stated  in  compara- 
tively large  letters  "Barium  Sulphide."  Mr.  Harkavay  showed 
the  Era  representative  a  similar  bottle  and  anyone  capable  of 
reading  English  could  read  the  label  three  or  four  feet  away 
from  their  eyes. 

Mr.  Harkavay  says  he  picked  up  the  barium  sulphide  bottle 
w  ith  its  approximate  two  ounces  in  it,  handed  it  to  the  woman 
and  said ;  "Here's  the  bottle ;  show  it  to  the  doctor."  Accord- 
ing to  newspaper  report  the  two  physicians  named  used  the 
sulphide,  instead  of  the  sulphate,  and  the  patient  William 
Goldstein,  a  manufacturer,  died  soon  after.  According  to  the 
report,  Mr.  Goldstein  had  been  requested  to  come  to  the  physi- 


Faulty    Abbreviations    Cause    City    Council    to    Act 

Bai.ti.moke,  Nov.  2 — George  R.  Jones  went  to  the  pharniacv 
of  the  .\&.s<Kiated  Drug  Stores,  handed  the  clerk,  Harry  Leeds 
a  piece  of  paper  from  Dr.  Albert  H.  Carroll,  of  the  University- 
Hospital  staff,  which  bore  the  words  "barium  sulph."  The 
clerk  gave  Mr.  Jones  the  required  amount  of  barium  sulphide 
instead  of  barium  sulphate.  ^Mr.  Jones  was  taken  ill  and  died 
in  St.  Luke's  Hospital  on  October  23.  He  had  been  suffering 
from  stomach  trouble,  and  went  to  the  University  Hospital 
where  he  was  advised  to  submit  to  an  X-ray  examination.  Dr. 
Carroll  instructed  him  to  take  barium  sulphate  as  a  prepara- 
tion, and  gave. him  the  paper  which  he  presented  at  the  phar- 
macy. 

At  the  inquest.  Dr.  Carroll  insisted  that  "sulph."  in  a  pre- 
scription always  meant  "sulphate"  and  never  "sulphide."  He 
stated  further  that  barium  sulphide  and  barium  suljjhite  w-ere 
unknown  to  standard  works  of  materia  medica  as  drugs  to  be 
taken  internally.  With  this  contention,  S.  A.  Nattans,  general 
manager  of  the  Associated  Drug  Stores,  took  issue,  maintaining 
that  the  best  authorities  in  pharmacy,  including  the  leading 
druggists  of  Baltimore,  agreed  that  "sulph.."  as  an  abbrevia- 
tion, might  mean  "sulphate,"  "sulphide"  or  "sulphite."  In  this 
he  was  supported  by  Dr.  Henry-  P.  Hynson,  professor  of  phar- 
macy and  dispensing  at  the  Department  of  Pharmacy,  Uni- 
versity of  Maryland;  by  Dr.  Charles  Caspari,  jr..  Pure  Food 
and  Drug  Commissioner  of  Maryland,  and  by  others.  Harry 
Leeds,  the  clerk  w-ho  put  up  the  sulphide,  stated  that  in  his 
23  years'  experience  he  had  never  filled  a  prescription  for  the 
sulphate. 

The  city  council  took  immediate  action,  and  has  before  it 
an  ordinance  w-hich  prohibits  pharmacists  from  filling  prescrip- 
tions written  in  abbreviated  terms.  The  penalty  is  a  fine  not 
less  than  S25  nor  more  than  SlOO,  or  imprisonment,  or  both 
fine  and  imprisonment  for  not  more  than  three  months. 


Baltimore   Bowlers  Start   Balls  Rolling' 

Baltimore,  Nov.  16. — The  Baltimore  Drug  Trade  Bowling 
Club  has  been  re-organized  and  commenced  active  w-ork  at 
the  Diamond.  The  club  consists  of  four  teams,  representing 
James  Baily  &  Son,  the  Armstrong  Cork  Co.,  McCormick  & 
Co.,  and  the  A.  Baumgartoer  Co.  The  officers  elected  at  the 
recent  meeting  are :  President,  George  M.  .\rmor,  McCormick 
&  Co. ;  vice-president,  Andrew  Baumgartner,  A.  Baumgartner 
Co.;  treasurer,  William  E.  Smuck.  Henry-  B.  Gilpin  Co.;  sec- 
retary, Harry  Cann,  Henry  B.  Gilpin  Co.;  team  captains, 
William  Jahrics,  James  Baily  &  Son;  R.  E.  Leutbecher, 
.\rmstrong  Cork  Co. ;  Henry  Grauling,  McCormick  &  Co.,  and 
Henry  Kommann,   A.   Baumgartner  Co. 

As  in  former  years,  there  will  be  a  number  of  prizes  awarded 
at  the  end  of  the  season  to  the  leaders,  and  contests  will  also 
be  arranged  with  picked  teams  from  New  York  and  Phila- 
delphia. 


Perry    Pharmacy    Made    $20,000    per   'Year 

That  the  profits  of  Perry's  pharmacy,  in  the  World  building, 
Ne%v  York,  were  520,000  a  year  for  the  three  years  prior  to 
the  death  on  July  13,  1913,  of  Dr.  Charles  J.  Perry,  the 
founder,  was  disclosed  recently  when  the  transfer  tax  appraisaJ 
of  the  estate  was  filed.  According  to  the  report.  Dr.  Perry 
left  a  total  estate  of  $181,827,  and  a  net  estate  of  $176,964.  The 
estate  goes  in  equal  shares  to  his  brother,  Jeremiah  W.  Perry; 
his  half-brother,  William  A.  Perry,  and  his  half-sister,  Mrs. 
Fanny  O'Connell. 

The  appraisal  of  Dr.  Perr>-'s  interest  in  the  Perry-  Pharmacy 
.•Kssociation,  the  corporation  conducting  the  drug  store,  showed 
that  the  corporation  has  a  capital  stock  of  $40,000,  consisting 
of  400  shares,  of  which  Mr.  Perry-  owned  200.  The  stock  in 
the  drug  store  w-as  valued  at  $14,000,  and  the  fixtures  at  Sl.OOO. 
The  good  will  brought  the  value  of  the  stock  up  to  $185  a 
share.  Walter  Lauder,  secretary  of  the  association,  testified 
that  Dr.  Perry  drew  only  $1,500  a  year  salary  as  president  and 
manager.  Lauder  received  S3, 500  as  secretary-.  The  corpora- 
tion pays  $25,000  a  year  rent.  It  is  understood  a  certain 
candy  merchant  would  be  willing  to  pay  twice  that  rent  for 
the  location.  The  lease  is  good  imtil  1921  and  caimot  be 
transferred  or  sublet. 


pAAkMA.VMA.VMMMMgA^VMMa 


ADJUSTING  CUSTOMERS'  COMPLAINTS 


Standing-  Behind  the  Goods  Sold,  or  ir'roblems  of  the 
"Money-Back"   Policy  in  Business  Building 


IT  is  getting  to  be  something  like  an  axiom  with  retail  drug- 
gists that  the  part  of  the  business  relating  to  prescriptions 
and  medicines  is  nowadays  a  minor  detail,  compared  to 
the  wide  variety  of  merchandise  in  other  lines  handled. 
Growing  out  of  this  undoubted  fact,  is  the  important  conclu- 
sion, evidenced  by  leading  members  of  the  trade  everywhere, 
that  not  only  are  tlie  principles  of  successful  merchandising 
applicable  to  the  drug  business,  but  they  are  almost  essential 
there,  if  the  business  is  to  be  successful. 

.\nd  yet,  although  this  is  plainly  the  case,  there  are  a  good 
many  retailers  who  fail  to  recognize  the  fact.  The  proverbial 
druggist  is  acconunodating  to  a.  fault,  as  witness  the  ancient 
jokes  about  the  sale  of  postage  stamps  and  the  free  use  of  his 
city  directory  by  every-body  in  the  neighborhood ;  but,  while 
the  essence  of  good  merchandising  is  this  same  accommodating 
spirit,  somehow  or  other  the  druggist  as  a  rule  seems  to  stop 
just  short  of  realizing  this  in  a  practical  way.  The  excep- 
tions are  practically  always  the  conspicuous  successes  of  the 
business. 

For  example — the  way  some  members  of  the  trade  handle 
certain  cases,  or  permit  their  employes  to  handle  them — there 
was  a  customer  not  long  ago  who  came  into  a  leading  drug- 
store with  a  very  definite  complaint  about  a  hot-water  bottle 
which  she  had  recently  purchased.  She  told  the  clerk  who 
waited  on  her,  very  emphatically,  that  she  had  paid  a  good 
price  for  the  article,  that  she  had  been  given  to  understand 
that  it  was  first  class,  and  that,  notwithstanding  these  things, 
it  had  promptly  sprung  a  leak,  resulting  in  considerable  incon- 
venience and  annoyance.  She  had  it  with  her  in  evidence, 
and   handed   it   over  with   a   conclusive   air. 

"Are  you  sure  you  bought  this  here?"  cautiously  inquired 
the  clerk,  looking  at  the  hot-water  bag  suspiciously,  and  hand- 
ling it  in  a  manner  which  indicated  clearly  that  he  did  not 
think  much  of  it. 

"Of  course  I  am  sure  I  bought  it  here !"  retorted  the  cub- 
tomer,  warmly;  "Didn't  you  hear  me  tell  you  I  did?  Do  you 
mean  to  say  you  don't  believe  I  got  it  here?" 

"Oh,  no,  nothing  like  that!"  the  clerk  hastened  to  reply. 
"Still,  it  doesn't  look  like  our  stock,  and  it  just  occurred  to 
me  that  perhaps  you  had  made  a  mistake,   and — " 

"Young  man,"  interrupted  the  customer  grimly,  "it  is  im- 
possible that  I  could  make  a  mistake  about  a  thing  of  tnal 
sort.  My  memory  is  perfectly  good,  and  the  facts  are  just 
as  I  related  them.  Are  you  going  to  make  that  hot-water  bag 
good,  or  not?" 

The  clerk  hesitated,  still  examining  the  bag  dubiously. 
"Well,  we  don't  e-xchange  rubber  goods,  as  a  general  rule," 
he  finally  said.  "Vou  can  take  it  up  with  Mr.  Jones,  if  you 
want  to,  but  I  don't  think  he'll  do  anything  for  you.  No,  he 
isn't  in  just  now.  but  he  will  be  back  some  time  this  afiernccn, 
I  think.    If  you'll  stop  in  again — " 

But  here  the  irate  customer  floimced  out  of  the  store,  leav- 
ing a  trail  of  inarticulate  remarks  regarding  the  business 
methods  of  the  store;  and  inasmuch  as  she  did  not  return, 
one  way  of  looking  at  the  matter  is  that  the  store  saved  the 
cost  of  a  new  hot-water  bag  to  take  the  place  of  the  one 
which  had  fallen  down  on  the  job.  Taking  a  little  broader 
view,  however,  and  considering  the  fact  that  from  a  regular 
customer  she  was  turned  forthwith  into  an  arC'mt  enemy  of 
the  store,  which  meant  the  loss  of  her  business  as  \'!el\  as, 
possibly,  that  of  some  of  her  friends,  the  net  gain  to  the  store 
•  could  hardly  be  considered  as  anything  worth  while. 


Besides,  if,  as  might  have  been  the  case,  the  goods  were 
faulty  in  some  respect,  the  chances  were  very  much  that  the 
manufacturer  would  have  made  good  on  them.  The  average 
manufacturer  stands  behind  his  wares  pretty  stoutly,  as  a  mat- 
ter of  good  business;  and  the  retailer  should  by  all  means  do 
the  same,  not  only  in  cases  where  he  knows  he  has  the  backing 
of  the  manufacturer,  but  also  where  he  is  marketing  the  goods 
on  his  own  responsibility,  without  a  maker's  mark  or  brand 
or  guarantee  behind  him.  He  should  do  this  simply  for  the 
reason  that  any  other  course  will  lose  him  business,  whereas 
a  policy  whose  cardinal  principle  is  to  stand  firmly  behind 
the  goods  he  sells  will  just  as  certainly  make  friends,  which 
means  that  it  will  make  business. 

"Regardless  of  whether  or  not  the  manufacturers  of  our 
goods  back  them  up  in  case  of  defects  of  any  kind,  we  make 
them  good  to  our  customers,  entirely  without  question,"  de- 
clared the  head  of  a  company  operating  several  prosperous 
drug  stores  of  the  modern  sort  in  a  large  city  recently.  "The 
only  alternative  is  such  that  we  simply  don't  care  to  accept  it. 
That  is,  in  order  to  turn  down  a  customer  with  a  jur.t  com- 
plaint about  goods,  we  have  to  argue  with  him  until  we  both 
get  sore,  and  send  him  out  with  a  grievance  against  us  which 
he  will  never  forget.  He  becomes  a  walking  advertisement  of 
infinite  harmfulness  to  us. 

"Believing  this,  as  we  do,  we  frequently  adjust  complaints 
in  which  the  customer  is  in  the  wrong.  Our  position  in  such 
cases  is  that  the  value  of  the  merchandise  is  not  sufficient  to 
offset  the  bad  effect  upon  our  business  of  a  dissatisfied  cus- 
tomer; therefore,  we  take  the  choice  of  practically  giving  the 
goods  away  rather  than  have  the  elastomer  feel  that  we  are 
not  willing  to  treat  him  well.  Inasmuch  as  our  published 
policy  is  to  treat  our  customers  rather  better  than  most,  we 
can't  afford  to  back  down,  even  in  cases  where  we  could  show 
an  impartial  judge  that  we  are  right. 

"Then,  too,  as  I  say,  in  many  cases  the  goods  are  backed 
by  the  manufacturer,  so  that  if  there  is  a  real  defect  there 
is  no  loss  whatever  to  us,  as  the  maker  credits  us  with  such 
goods  when  they  are  returned.  Our  experience  has  been  that 
the  average  manufacturer,  even  without  having  made  any 
specific  promise  along  this  line  in  advance,  is  willing  to  do 
the  fair  thing  where  his  goods  fail  to  make  good;  and  with 
this  knowledge,  we  find  no  cause  to  hesitate  where  the  cus- 
tomer can  show  us  a  fault. 

"Results  have  abundantly  justified  us  in  following  this  policy 
without  exception.  It  is  only  very  seldom  that  cases  of  abuse 
on  the  part  of  customers  arise.  Most  of  the  time  when  goods 
are  brought  in  with  a  complaint,  the  kick  is  justified;  and  the 
instructions  we  give  our  sales  force  are  to  adjust  such  matters 
promptly  and  without  argument.  It  makes  our  customers  feel 
very  friendly  toward  us,  and  they  spread  the  news  around, 
much  to  our  benefit.  Of  course,  our  store  managers  are  usu- 
ally called  upon  to  handle  these  adjustments;  but  they  never 
find  it  necessary  to  send  a  customer  away  angry  on  this  score, 
because  they  follow  out  the  policy  which  we  have  found  the 
most  practical  and  profitable  in  tliis  respect — the  money-back 
policy." 

In  every  line  of  retail  business  nowadays  the  leaders  are 
doing  this  same  thing.  Realizing  fully  that  just  as  a  satisfied 
customer  is  the  best  possible  advertisement,  a  dissatisfied  cus- 
tomer is  a  powerful  handicap,  they  take  the  view,  as  one  big 
store  manager  put  it,  that  the  customer  with  a  cjr, plaint 
is  always  right;  and,  with  this  view,  there  is  never  any  trouble 
in  adjusting  complaints  in  a  way  which  makes  a  friend  for 
the  store,  and,  in  many  cases,  involves  no  loss  to  the  business. 
It  is  only  a  very  short-sighted  merchant  nowadays  who  will 
haggle  and  hesitate  about  adjusting  small  matters,  saving  a 
few   cents  and  losing  a   customer's  good-will. 


5S0 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


•DANDELION    KOOT"    FOUND    PART    CHICORY 


Oil   of  Cinnamon  Leaf  is  Substituted  for   Oil  of  Cin- 
namon  and   Yellow   Colors   Contain   Arsenic 


Washington,  Nov.  20. — The  Department  of  Agriculture  has 
given  public  notice  of  judgments  3242  to  3331,  imposed  by  the 
courts  in  cases  brought  by  tlie  United  States  involving  viola- 
tions of  tlie  Food  and  Drugs  Act,  most  of  them  relating  to 
misbranding  or  adulteration. 

Three  bags  containing  310  pounds  of  a  product  purporting 
to  be  dandelion  root,  remaining  unsold  in  possession  of  Law- 
rence. Son  &  Gerrish,  New  York,  were  ordered  destroyed. 
Product  was  alleged  to  have  been  shipped  by  Smitli,  Kline  & 
French  Co.,  Philadelphia.  Each  of  the  bags  bore  the  words 
"Dandelion  Root,"  although  the  product  consisted  in  substan- 
tial part  of  chicory.    No  claimant  appeared. 

.\  fine  of  $100  was  imposed  upon  Vincenzo  JIarrone  and 
Rocco  Lofaro.  Utica,  N.  Y.,  for  the  shipment  of  a  quantity 
of  so-called  olive  or  cottonseed  oil  which  was  adulterated  and 
misbranded.  Product  was  labeled :  "Olio  Puro  Sopraffino  Ra- 
faele  D'.\ngcli  Lucca,  Italy,"  "Cotton  Seed  Oil."  Product  con- 
sisted wholly  or  in  part  of  corn  or  sunflower  seed  oil  (?), 
and  contrary  to  impression  given  by  label  was  not  of  foreign 
manufacture.     Pleas  of  guilty  were  entered  by  defendants. 

Sentence  was  suspended  in  the  case  of  Ungerer  &  Co.,  New 
York,  which  firm  shipped  a  quantity  of  oil  of  cinnamon  which 
was  adulterated  and  misbranded.  Product  was  labeled:  "Oil 
Cinnamon  Ceylon- Jeancard  Fils  &  Cie-Cannes.  France,  Unger- 
er &  Co.,  New  Yoik."  Oil  of  cinnamon  leaf  had  been  sub- 
stituted in  whole  and  in  part  for  the  genuine  oil  of  cinnamon. 
Defendant  company  entered  a  plea  of  guilty. 

A  fine  of  S200  and  costs  was  imposed  upon  E.  V.,  M.  V., 
E.  G..  J.,  and  L.  Kohnstamm,  and  W.  Longfelder,  co-partners, 
doing  business  as  H.  Kolmstamm  &  Co.,  Chicago,  for  shipping 
a  quantit>'  of  so-called  yellow  egg  shade  coal  tar  color  used  as 
an  ingredient  in  the  preparation  and  manufacture  of  confec- 
tionery products.  Product  was  labeled  :  "Atlas  Colors  for 
Confectioners  use  H.  Kohnstamm  &  Co.  New  York  Chicago 
Yellow  Color  Egg  Shade  Coal  Tar  Color  Guaranteed  Harm- 
less. We  guarantee  the  contents  of  this  package  to  contain  no 
coloring  matter  other  than  of  the  seven  colors  permitted  (in 
uncertified  form)  in  F.  I.  D.  76  *  *  *  ."  It  contained  arsenic, 
as  arsenious  oxid.     Defendants  entered   a   plea   of  guilty. 

-A  fine  of  S30  was  imposed  upon  John  N.  and  Bert  Hickok, 
doing  business  as  J.  N.  Hickok  &  Son,  New  York,  for  ship- 
ping a  quantit>'  of  lemon  yellow  color  which  was  adulterated. 
Product  was  labeled:  "Non-Poisonous  Color — Soluble  Lemon 
Yellow — John  N.  Hickok  &  Son,  85  Murray  St.,  New  York." 
It  contained  arsenic.  A  plea  of  guilty  was  entered  on  behalf 
of  defendants. 

A  libel  was  filed  for  the  seizure  and  condemnation  of  nine 
packages,  containing  approximately  468-34  pounds  of  a  product 
purporting  to  be  oil  of  birch,  remaining  unsold  at  New  York, 
alleging  that  product  had  been  shipped  by  J.  B.  Johnson,  Hick- 
ory, N.  C,  and  charging  adulteration  and  misbranding.  Prod- 
uct bore  no  marks  or  labels  except  the  name  and  address  of 
the  consignee  and  express  data,  but  was  invoiced  as  birch  oil. 
It  consisted  largely  of  methyl  salicylate,  which  was  substituted 
for  the  pure  oil.  Judgment  of  condemnation  and  forfeiture 
was  entered,  and  court  ordered  that  product  be  redelivered  to 
James  B.  Johnson,  claimant,  upon  payment  of  costs  and  execu- 
tion of  bond  in  sum  of  S750,  one  of  conditions  being  that 
product  should  be  relabeled  in  conformit\'  with  tlie  Food  and 
Drugs  Act. 

Two  cans  of  a  product  called  oil  of  wintergreen,  remaining 
unsold  at  Boston,  were  ordered  destroyed.  Product  was  al- 
leged to  have  been  shipped  by  Frank  P.  Dowe,  Spring  Glen, 
N.  Y.  Containers  were  labeled  in  part:  "Oil  Wintergreen 
Leaf  *  *  *  ."  Tags  on  containers  were  labeled  in  part: 
"From  Frank  P.  Dowe,  Distiller  of  Pure  Oil  Wintergreen 
from  the  Leaf  Extract  of  Witch  Hazel,  Spring  Glen,  Ulster 
Co.,  N.  Y."  Product  contained  less  than  25  per  cent,  of  oil 
of  wintergieen.     No  claimant  appeared. 


Workmen's  Compensation  in  Maryland 


Baltimore,  Nov.  16. — At  the  last  meeting  of  the  Baltimore 
Retail  Druggists'  Association  a  special  committee  was  named, 
consisting  of  M.  S.  Kahn.  David  R.  Millard,  of  Morgan  & 
Millard,  and  John  I.  Keliy,  to  confer  with  the  Insurance 
Commissioners  having   charge  of  the   enforcement  of  the  new 


Workmen's  Compensation  act,  relative  to  the  question  whether 
the  law  applies  to  retail  druggists  or  not.  Under  the  law  em- 
ployers of  labor  are  liable  to  damages  for  accidents  to  their 
employes  sustained  in  tlie  course  of  their  labors,  and  this  has 
resulted  in  the  insuring  of  such  risks  with  casualty  and  otlier 
companies.  The  retail  druggists  are  not  certain  that  they  come 
within  the  scope  of  the  Law,  and  in  order  to  set  at  rest  all 
doubt  on  the  subject  the  special  committee  was  directed  to 
confer  with  the  proper  authorities  and  ascertain  their  views. 
The  new  law  was  discussed  at  some  length  at  the  meeting, 
and  a  diversity  of  ideas  developed.  The  prevailing  belief 
among  pharmacists,  however,  is  that  the  retailers  are  not  af- 
fected by  the  law,  since  they  are  not  employers  of  labor  in 
tlie  generally  accepted  sense  of  the  word. 


AMERICAN   REMEDY   FOR   HOOKWORM 


Baltimore   Oil   of  Wormseed   Suggested   as   a   Possible 
Substitute  for  Thymol  as  an  Anthelmintic 


Baltimore,  Nov.  16. — The  interference  with  foreign  trade  due 
to  the  war,  and  the  resultant  restrictions  upon  the  imports  of 
the  United  States  have  brought  into  conspicuous  notice  again 
a  product  which  is  produced  almost  wholly  in  Maryland,  as  a 
substitute  for  thymol,  formerly  used  in  the  campaign  against 
hookworm  in  the  South.  This  product  is  wormseed  oil,  which, 
according  to  Dr.  Murray  G.  Motter,  technical  assistant  at  the 
Hygienic  Laboratory  of  the  Public  Health  Serv'ice  at  Wash- 
ington, has  great  possibilities,  especially  at  this  time.  In  dis- 
cussing the  subject  recently,  Dr.  Motter  is  quoted  as  saying : 

".^s  indicated  by  the  name,  wormseed  oil  has  long  had  a 
reputation  as  an  anthelmintic.  The  plant  from  which  the  oil 
is  distilled  grows  in  waste  places  from  New  York  to  Florida. 
It  has,  however,  been  cultivated,  particularly  in  Maryland,  and 
the  oil  has  been  known  as  Baltimore  oil  in  contradistinction 
to  the  Western  product,  which  is  no  longer  much  of  a  factor. 
W'hile  the  oil  is  almost  wholly  a  Maryland  product,  the  seed 
is  said  to  be   harvested   in   considerable   quantities   in   Florida. 

"In  view  of  the  fact  that  October  is  the  time  of  har\-est  and 
that  with  the  diminished  or  disappearing  supply  of  thymol 
the  demand  will  be  still  further  increased,  every  effort  should 
be  made  not  only  to  husband  this  year's  crop  of  wormseed 
oil  to  the  best  advantage,  but  to  provide  for  a  largely  increased 
seeding  here  next  spring. 

"Physicians  having  hookworm  cases  under  their  care  should 
give  this  remedy  a  thorough  trial  and  report  promptly  their 
results  to  the  medical  journals.  Data  of  this  kind  would  aid 
in  rehabilitating  a  truly  American  remedy,  said  to  have  been 
used  by  the  Indians  as  a  vermifuge  before  the  landing  of  Co- 
lumbus, and  in  helping  the  .\merican  medical  profession  to 
do  without  some  of  the  products  which,  hitherto,  have  been 
almost  wholly  'made  in  Germany.'  " 


SUES  M.   C.   DOW  FOR  $75,000  DAMAGES 


Cincinnati,  Nov.  17. — A  .suit  of  considerable  interest  to  drug- 
gists on  account  of  its  nature,  as  well  as  to  the  general  public, 
was  that  recently  tried  in  this  city,  Jeannette  L.  Cameron, 
daughter  of  a  former  United  States  Senator  and  a  writer  of 
some  note,  being  the  plaintiff,  against  M.  C.  Dow,  head  of 
the  Dow  drug  stores.  Miss  Cameron  alleged  in  her  petition, 
in  which  she  asked  damages  of  $75,000,  that  she  had  sent  a 
boy  to  the  Peebles'  Comer  store  of  the  Dow  string  to  buy 
some  Epsom  salts,  in  August,  1913,  and  that  he  was  given 
a  mixture  containing  white  arsenic  instead.  She  claimed  that 
she  took  the  mixture  and  became  a  helpless  invalid  in  conse- 
quence,  appearing  in   court   on   a   cot. 

The  defense  denied  that  any  such  error  had  occurred,  point- 
ing out  the  indefiniteness  of  the  proof,  and  alleging  that  if 
Epsom  salts  had  been  requested,  it  had  been  sold.  Medical 
evidence  was  introduced  on  both  sides,  that  for  the  plaintiff 
being  to  the  effect  that  there  were  symptoms  of  arsenic  poison- 
ing, while  that  for  the  defendant  went  to  the  point  that  the 
symptoms  might  have  been  due  to  other  causes,  and  also  that 
they  were  not  pronounced  enough  to  indicate  arsenic  poisoning 
beyond  question.  It  was  also  suggested  by  the  defense  that  a 
mistake  might  have  occurred  at  the  plaintiffs  home.  After  a 
trial  lasting  several  days,  the  case  went  lo  the  jury,  which 
was  unable  to  agree  on  a  verdict  and  was  finally  discharged. 
The  case  may  be  tried  again,  and  will  be  fought  to  a  finish 
by  Miss  Do%v,  who  is  quite  confident  that  no  such  mistake 
as  that  alleged  occurred. 


i 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


581 


FROM   THE  BUSINESS  FIELD. 


The  A.  Spieg-el  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  recently  received 
wiiat  is  said  to  be  the  first  bale  of  new  cotton  ever  shipped  to 
that  city.  It  rested  on  the  sidewalk  in  front  of  the  com- 
pany's drug  store  for  a  day  or  so,  thousands  of  people  view- 
ing it.  The  bale  was  the  first  one  purchased  and  shipped 
to  Milwaukee  since  the  '  B.A.B."  movement  began.  It  weighed 
a  little  less  than  500  pounds  and  was  raised  by  a  tenant 
farmer  near  Red  Oak,  Ga.  It  cost  $47.10  exclusive  of 
freight.  It  was  to  have  been  donated  to  a  committee  planning 
a  bazaar  to  rai.se  funds  for  a  local  home  for  working  girls. 
Like  the  oyster  in  the  stew  at  the  church  fair,  tliis  bale  of 
cotton  has  gone  a  long  way  in  a  good  cause. 

The  Croom-Stebler-Hudson  Drug'  Co.  has  been  organ- 
ized at  Shreveport,  La.,  to  take  over  the  old  business  of  the 
Carter-Mayfield  Drug  Co.,  at  326  Te.xas  street,  articles  of  in- 
corporation having  been  filed.  For  20  years  this  business  was 
under  the  management  of  Leon  M.  Carter.  Messrs.  Hudson  and 
Stebler  have  for  the  past  four  or  five  years  been  connected 
with  the  Shreveport  Drug  Co.  A  thorough  renovation  of  the 
store  will  be  a  feature  of  the  change  of  management.  The 
senior  member  of  the  firm  is  C.  S.  Croom,  merchant  and  capi- 
talist of  Mooringsport.  The  other  two  partners  will  be  in 
active  charge  of  the  business.  The  company  is  capitalized  at 
$25,000. 

"The  Sun  Drug-  Store,"  will  be  the  style  of  the  old 
Eagle  Pharmacy,  at  Corpus  Christi,  Texas,  recently  purchased 
from  the  receivers,  the  San  Antonio  Drug  Co,,  by  A.  F.  Weir, 
a  former  employe  of  the  receivers.  Mr.  Weir  was  also  previ- 
ously connected  with  the  Thomas'  Model  pharmacy  and  Tread- 
well's.  This  drug  store  has  been  in  operation  for  about  one 
year  in  the  Jones  building,  and  had  been  in  charge  of  the 
owner,  L.  L.  Moore.  On  September  28,  it  was  sold  to  the 
San  Antonio  Drug  Co.,  which  acted  as  receivers.  Mr.  Weir 
will  open  the  business  at  417  Mesquite  street.  The  interior 
has  been  remodeled  and  jNIr.  Weir  will  add  new  goods  to  the 
stock. 

Mrs.  Caroline  Rhein,  who  sued  the  Associated  Drug 
Stores  in  Baltimore  to  recover  $2,000  damages  for  alleged  as- 
sault and  battery  got  a  verdict  for  one  cent  in  Part  2  of  the 
Superior  Court  on  October  26.  It  appears  that  a  package  W'ith 
$82  had  been  taken  from  the  safe  and  placed  on  the  counter 
for  the  bookkeeper  at  the  store  on  Saratoga  and  Eutaw  streets. 
Mrs.  Rhein,  who  said  she  believed  the  package  contained  some 
free  gift  and  was  intended  for  her,  put  it  in  her  satchel.  She 
complained  that  afterward,  when  she  was  called  back  from 
a  department  store  to  correct  the  mistake,  her  satchel  was 
opened  and  she  was  treated  roughly. 

The  Dayton  (O.)  Pharmacal  Co.  was  recently  placed 
in  the  hands  of  a  receiver,  on  the  petition  of  W.  F.  Harbi- 
son, a  stockholder  and  creditor,  who  declared  that  the  receiver- 
ship was  necessary  on  account  of  the  pressure  of  creditors, 
and  that  if  the  company  is  left  unhampered  for  a  year  it 
will  be  in  excellent  condition.  Its  business  is  principally  con- 
fined to  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  chemical  supplies  for 
physicians.  The  Company  was  incorporated  in  1911  with  a 
capital  stock  of  $10,000,  and  has  assets  of  $4,400,  with  lia- 
bilities of  $3,600.  Edward  E.  Duncan  was  appointed  as  re- 
ceiver. 

Frank  S.  Smith,  one  of  the  oldest  and  best  known  drug- 
gists of  .'\uburn,  N.  Y.,  was  fined  $1,000  and  his  license 
was  cancelled.  He  was  indicted  on  two  counts  for  violating 
the  Boylan  law.  The  District  Attorney  called  attention  to  the 
fact  that  the  plea  of  guilty  disfranchised  Mr.  Smith  and  revoked 
his  license  to  practice  pharmacy.  He  stated  that  he  thought 
the  people  would  be  satisfied  with  the  imposition  of  a  fine. 
The  judge  stated  that  he  would  have  to  take  some  drastic 
action  as  a  warning  to  others  not  to  sell  drugs  in  violation  of 
the  law.     The  fine  was  paid. 

Haverhill,  Mass.,  druggists  have  been  using  weights  of 
which  more  than  25  per  cent,  were  defective.  The  city  sealer 
of  weights  and  measures  recently  completed  his  inspection  and 
made  the  above  discovery.  The  trouble  was  caused,  in  his 
opinion,  because  the  weights  had  never  been  previously  sealed, 
the  city  not  having  the  necessary  apparatus.  He  confiscated  127 
weights  which  were  in  poor  condition.  Out  of  827  weights 
210    were    below    standard.      One    weight    which    should    have 


weighed  70  grains,  weighed  but  64,  having  lost  over  five  grains 
during  its  30  years  of  usage. 

Somerville,  Mass.,  ministers  called  a  public  meeting  in  the 
\.  M.  C.  A.  hall  of  that  city  in  order  to  organize  among  the 
citizens  a  movement  against  the  granting  of  druggists'  liquor 
licenses.  By  registered  letter  they  asked  every  political  candi- 
date in  their  territory  to  state  his  attitude  toward  druggists' 
and  "pony  express"  licenses.  The  ministers  have  found,  it  is 
reported  that  the  records  show  31,969  liquor  sales  by  38  drug- 
gists holding  sixth  class  licenses  and  790  sales  by  three  drug- 
gists having  eighth-class  licenses,  which  permit  sales  only  on 
a  physician's  certificate. 

Charles  M.  Dodsou,  who  has  conducted  a  drug  store  at 
Berlin,  Wis.,  for  the  past  23  years,  has  sold  the  pharmacy  to 
Dr.  E.  C.  Xeuman  and  R.  J.  Hoyer,  both  of  West  Bend,  Wis. 
Riemer  and  was  one  of  the  oldest  drug  stores  m  Wisconsin.  Mr. 
and  was  one  of  the  oldest  drug  stores  in  Wisconsin.  Mr. 
Dodson  will  reside  in  Berlin,  where  he  will  continue  to  manage 
the  Opera  House.  Dr.  Neuman  and  Jlr.  Hoyer,  the  new  pro- 
prietors, have  conducted  a  pharmacy  at  West  Bend  for  some 
time.  They  will  remodel  the  Dodson  store  and  install  a  new 
soda   fountain. 

The  Jarecki  Chemical  Co.,  of  Cincinnati,  held  recently 
Its  annual  meeting  at  Sandusky,  O.,  when  all  of  the  directors 
were  re-elected,  except  that  Eli  Winkler  was  elected  to  the 
board  to  succeed  Isaac  Winkler.  The  officers  are  Gustave 
Jarecki,  president  and  general  manager,  and  F.  E.  Sprunz, 
secretary  and  treasurer.  The  reports  of  the  officers  indicated 
a  very  successful  year  for  the  company,  and  prospects  for 
business  during  the  coming  year,  on  account  of  the  war  and 
other  conditions  in  the  trade,  w^ere  declared  to  be  even  brighter. 

The  May  Drug'  Co.,  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  was  recently  convicted 
of  selling  cigarettes  to  a  minor.  The  minor  was  17  years  of 
age,  but  looked  of  age  to  the  clerk.  Counsel  for  the  defense  con- 
tended that  if  druggists  were  held  down  to  the  letter  of  the 
law,  purchasers  of  cigarettes,  no  matter  how  young,  but  who 
appeared  to  be  more  than  21  years  of  age,  would  be  obliged 
to  furnish  affidavits  as  to  their  ages  before  they  could  receive 
accommodations  at  a  drug  store  or  tobacco  store.  The  judge 
failed  to    agree  with  this  contention. 

M.  C.  Dow  will  soon  establish  the  eleventh  store  in  the 
string  of  Dow  pharmacies  in  the  corner  of  the  ground  floor  of 
the  handsome  new  Gwynn  building,  at  Sixth  and  Main  streets, 
Cincinnati.  The  building  is  one  of  the  most  strikingly  beauti- 
ful in  the  city,  being  12  stories  in  height,  and  of  very  unusual 
design;  and  the  big  store-room  on  the  corner,  which  is  much 
the  largest  of  the  several  into  which  the  ground  floor  is  divided, 
will  be  finished  in  a  manner  which  is  in  keeping  with  the  rest 
of   the    building. 

The  Gunn  Pharmacy  and  the  Gunn  Drug  Co.,  Birming- 
ham, .\la.,  have  filed  petitions  in  bankruptcy  and  a  receiver 
has  been  appointed.  He  has  instructions  to  operate  the  two  stores 
as  going  concerns  until  further  orders  from  the  court.  The 
liabilities  of  the  Gunn  pharmacy  are  estimated  at  about  $S,000, 
with  assets  approximately  worth  $10,000.  The  Gunn  Drug 
Co.  recently  opened  for  business  in  a  new  store  building  and  its 
liabilities  are  scheduled  at  $10,000,  assets,  estimated  at  $20,000. 

F.  J.  Rogers,  of  the  export  bureau  of  the  Board  of  Com- 
merce, Detroit,  Mich.,  recently  had  in  his  possession  for  a 
period  of  five  days  a  complete  list  of  drug  firms  doing  business 
in  South  America.  The  list  belonged  to  the  United  States 
Government  and  Mr.  Rogers  permitted  Detroit  business  men 
who  were  interested  to  examine  it.  Letters  from  several  coun- 
tries seeking  trade  relations  witli  the  United  States  were  also 
open    for   inspection. 

The  Dayton  Pharmacal  Co.,  Dayton,  O.,  has  had  re- 
ceivership proceedings  instituted  against  it  by  W.  F.  Harbison, 
who  declares  that  of  the  defendant  company's  liabilities  of 
$3,600  the  sum  of  $813  is  due  him.  Assets  of  the  company 
are  said  to  be  -worth  $4,400,  but  the  plaintiff  asserted  it  was 
necessary  to  file  the  suit  to  prevent  detrimental  action  by  credi- 
tors and  forced  sale.  A  receiver  was  appointed  under  $5,000 
bond. 

The  ■Williams-Donnell  Drug  Co.,  Norfolk,  Va.,  -was 
recently  advised  by  the  city  Board  of  Control  that  it  had 
no  power  to  annul  the  contract  which  the  company  had 
made  to  supply  the  city  home  with  medicinal  supplies.  The 
company  submitted  to  the  Board  an  itemized  list  showing  the 
advances  in  prices  of  drugs  since  the  beginning  of  the  war  in 


582 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[December.   1914 


Europe.    The  contract  is  effective  from  July  1,  last,  to  Julv  1, 
1915. 

Joseph  L.  O'Hara,  druggist  at  26  West  Market  street, 
Coming,  N.  V..  has  filed  a  voluntary  petition  in  bankruptcy. 
His  schedules  show  liabilities  aggregating  $15,332  and  assets 
estimated  at  56,000.  The  latter  consist  of  stock  and  store 
fixtures.  .■Mxjut  half  of  the  debts  are  represented  by  loans  made 
to  him  by  relatives  when  he  entered  business  12  years  ago. 
.■\  bank  has  a  note  of  $990  that  is  listed  among  the  liabilities. 

Hrs.  Isabel  Cope,  widow  of  the  late  Frank  C.  Cope,  for- 
merly a  druggist  at  Davenport,  la.,  was  recently  granted  a 
widow's  allowance  of  S1.200  per  year  vmtil  the  estate  is 
settled.  The  widow  estimated  the  estate  to  be  worth  $7,500 
in  personal  properly,  which  was  encumbered  to  the  extent  of 
approximately  $3,000.  She  stated  that  she  and  the  mother  of 
the  decedent  are  the  only  heirs  to  the  estate. 

Eatz  &  BesthofE,  New  Orleans,  La.,  has  taken  an  addi- 
tional 10-year  lease  on  the  three-story  building  at  732  Canal 
street,  near  Carondelet,  and  will  spend  $10,000  remodeling  and 
doubling  the  capacity  of  the  store  and  its  factory  department 
and  in  beautifying  the  front  with  a  stucco  and  plate  glass 
structure.  The  doubling  of  the  store's  ice  cream  and  soda 
water  ser\ice  capacity  will  also  be  accomplished. 

C.  S.  Blair,  a  pioneer  druggist  of  Mosinee,  Wis.,  has  sold 
iis  business  to  the  Citizens'  Drug  Co.,  recently  organized  at 
Wausau,  Wis.  The  Wausau  concern  has  moved  its  stock  from 
that  city  to  Mosinee  and  added  it  to  that  of  Mr.  Blair's. 
Mr.  Blair  has  been  engaged  in  the  drug  business  at  Mosinee 
for  35  years.  Harry  Hackbarth.  of  Wausau,  one  of  the  owners 
of  the  Citizens"  Drug  Co..  is  in  charge. 

The  Alfred  Vogeler  Drug  Co.,  Cincinnati,  is  being  sued 
by  the  United  Cigar  Stores  Co.  Plaintiff  would  compel  de- 
fendant to  occupy  a  storeroom  at  the  northwest  comer  of  Fifth 
.and  Walnut  streets  at  an  annual  rental  of  $9,500.  Judgment 
was  asked  for  $791  as  the  first  month's  rent.  The  cigar  com- 
pany says  that  the  room  was  leased  in  190S  by  parties  who 
assigned  it  to  the  drug  firm. 

The  Stucky  Pharmacy,  Beaver  Falls,  Pa.,  has  broken 
ground  for  the  constmction  of  iu  new  building,  which  will 
be  located  at  the  comer  of  Tenth  street  and  Seventh  avenue. 
The  proprietor  of  the  new  drug  store  is  also  proprietor  of  the 
Red  Cross  pharmacy  at  New  Brighton.  The  store  will  be 
arranged  with  a  balcony  for  the  display  of  musical  instnmients. 
F.  "W.  Bfueller's  drug  store  was  recently  formally  opened 
at  Tenth  and  Oregon  streets,  Oshkosh,  Wis.  Late  last  March 
the  Mueller  store  was  burned,  and  as  the  old  store  building  was 
too  far  gone  to  repair,  Mr.  Mueller  immediately  purcha.sed  the 
property  and  planned  a  new  store  building.  Music  and  souv- 
enirs  for   the   ladies   were   features   of   the   opening. 

Bousseau  &  Brown  recently  opened  a  new  drug  store 
in  the  Chilson  block,  Woonsock'et,  R.  L,  after  33  years  in 
business  elsewhere  in  that  city.  The  solid  mahogany  fix- 
tures are  a  feattire  of  the  store.  Increased  space  and  better 
faculties  for  handling  a  growing  business  are  other  features 
incidental    to   the    change    in    address. 

St.  Cloud,  Minn.,  drug  stores  will  close  during  the  winter 
months  at  eight  o'clock  in  the  evening.  On  Saturdays  and  Great 
Xorthem  shop  pav  nights,  the  drug  stores  will  remain  open 
untU  the  regular  summer  closing  hour.  The  closing  agreement 
will  probably  hold  until  April  1st,  when  the  opening  of  the  soda 
season  will  require  longer  horns. 

E.  D.  Miller,  druggist  at  Murray,  Ky.,  filed  a  voluntary 
petition  in  bankruptcj-  listing  his  assets  at  $12,000  and  liabili- 
ties at  S13.000.  The  failure  is  said  to  be  caused  by  the  clos- 
ing of  the  Bank  of  Hazel,  at  Hazel,  Ky.,  and  the  failure  of  the 
Hazel  MercantUe  Co.,  in  which  Mr.  MUler  owned  60  shares 
of  stock. 

Walding,  Kinman  &  Marvin  Co.,  wholesale  druggists, 
Toledo  O  have  purchased  the  drug  stock  and  fixtures  of  the 
Thomas  \.  Huston  &  Co.  drug  store  at  217  Summit  street,  for 
the  sum  of  S6.050.  -A.  six-year  lease  on  the  store  buildmg 
failed  to  attract    any  bids  and  was  withdrawn  by  the  auctioneer. 

The  "Walworth  Chemical  Co.,  established  at  Sheboygan, 
Wis  about  four  months  ago.  has  retired  from  business.  Harry 
G  Walworth,  who  owned  and  operated  the  company,  says  that 
the  big  advance  in  the  imported  chemicals  which  he  used 
made  it  impossible  for  him  to  continue  in  business. 

The   Charlotte   Drug   Store,   Charlottte,   X.   C,   was  re- 


cently closed  by  order  of  the  city  and  county  tax  collectors. 
The  amounts  due  were  very  small  and  the  report  concluded 
that  some  adjudication  might  be  arranged.  The  store  has  been 
conducted  by  a  stock  company  for  the  past  several  years. 

The  'Witt  Drug  Co.,  Witt,  III.,  recently  closed  its  doors. 
Business  in  this,  until  recently  thriving  town,  has  been  very 
depressed,  the  miners  making  hardly  enough  to  live  on,  let 
alone  pay  their  old  debts.  The  Witt  Drug  Co.  enjoyed  a  big 
business,  it  is  said,  until  a  month  or  so  ago. 

Harvey  H.  Barsh,  a  stockholder  of  the  McOill  Remedy 
Co.,  Bluffton,  Ind.,  is  being  sued  for  $500  damages,  plaintiff 
alleging  that  defendant  persuaded  her  to  purchase  $500  worth 
of  stock  by  asserting  that  the  company  was  sound  financially 
when  such  was  not  the  case. 

The  W.  H.  Carr  Medicine  Co.,  Peoria,  111.,  recently  broke 
ground  for  its  $40,000  factory  building,  which  will  be  located 
at  the  comer  of  Washington  and  \'oris  streets.  It  will  be  of 
brick  and  will  cover  a  ground  space  of  50x150.  It  will  be  three 
stories  high. 

Scates  &  Co.,  druggists,  with  stores  at  Caribou,  Fort  Fair- 
field, and  recently  at  Washburn,  where  they  were  burned  out, 
have,  it  is  tinderstood,  purchased  the  site  on  which  their  store 
stood  and  will  erect  a  new  store  at  once.  The  contract  has 
been  let  out. 

Lentil  April  1st,  Winona,  Minn.,  druggists  will  close  their 
stores  at  8 :30  o'clock  P.  M.,  except  on  Svmdays  and  Mon- 
days. On  Simdays  the  drug  stores  will  be  closed  from 
one  to  six  in  the  afternoon  and  after  eight  o'clock  in  the 
evening. 

lia  Crosse,  "Wis.,  retail  druggists  have  decided  not  to 
advance  their  prices,  despite  the  advances  which  they  them- 
selves are  paying  on  certain  imported  chemicals  and  goods. 
They  are  endeavoring  to  carry  .\merican  goods,  wherever  pos- 
sible. 

Samuel  Kahn,  of  Newark,  X.  J.,  and  a  graduate  of  the 
Xew  York  College  of  Pharmacy,  has  acquired  the  Highland 
Park  (X.  J.)  pharmacy  on  the  comer  of  Cedar  and  Raritan 
avenues.  Mr.  Kahn  has  had  20  years  experience  in  the  drug 
business  in  Xewark. 

The  Katlonal  Drug  and  Chemical  Co.,  Toronto,  Canada, 
is  carrying  on  an  e-xtensive  campaign  in  the  Dominion  through 
its  large  organization  to  educate  Canadians  to  buy  Canadian- 
made  goods  whenever  they  are  equal  in  quality  to  foreign  prod- 
ucts. 

George  C.  Koehler,  for  the  past  five  months  connected 
with  the  Park  Hotel  Pharmacy  at  Madison,  Wis.,  and  a 
druggist  of  12  years  experience,  has  purchased  an  interest 
in  the  Murphy  pharmacy  at  1951  Winnebago  street,  ^ladison. 

Arthur  W.  Quan,  who  for  the  past  15  years  has  been 
connected  with  various  pharmacies  at  Madison,  Wis.,  is  erect- 
ing a  new  building  in  Greenbush,  one  of  the  subtnbs  of  Madi- 
son and  will  open  a  new  pharmacy  shortly  after   January   1. 

F.  W.  Mueller  has  opened  a  new  pharmacy  at  Tenth 
and  Oregon  streets,  at  Oshkosh,  Wis.  Mr.  Muellers  former 
building  was  destroyed  by  fire  last  March  and  the -structure 
which  he  has  erected  is  one  of  the  finest  in  Oshkosh. 

The  Melville  Pharmacy,  Pittsfield,  Mass.,  has  filed  a  pe- 
tition for  dissolution.  Petition  states  that  all  debts  have  been 
paid  and  that  there  are  no  assets  or  liabilities.  Capital  stock 
was  $5,000  and  corporation  was  organized  in  1909. 

William  B.  Dacey,  druggist  at  Dorchester,  Mass.,  has  filed 
a  volunlar\-  petition  in  bankruptcy,  admitting  liabilities  of 
$4,842.  with  no  assets.  P.  F.  Dacey  is  the  only  secured  credi- 
tor.   He  holds  a  claim  for  $2,200. 

The  liicn  Drug  Store,  La  Porte,  Ind.,  formerly  in  the 
building  once  occupied  by  the  Trees  Pharmacy,  is  now  located 
in  the  Wimch  building,  on  Lincolnway.  Larger  and  better 
arranged  quaners  are  there  afforded. 

Frank  McDonald,  treasurer  of  the  .Appleton  Pharmacy, 
Inc..  at  449  Tremont  street,  Boston,  filed  a  petition  in  bank- 
ruptcv,  October  20,  in  behalf  of  that  company;  liabilities, 
$3.7S2:   assets,  $1,600. 

John  Zoesch,  of  Butternut,  Wis.,  has  sold  his  pharmacy 
to  his  brother,  Emil,  who  is  now  in  possession.  Emil  Zoesch 
had  been  connected  with  a  phAxmacy  at  Mellen,  Wis.,  for 
several   months. 

G.  G.   Mason,  of  the  Mason  &  Tarr  Drug  Co.,  Jefferson 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


583 


City,  Tenn.,  purchased  the  entire  interest  of  Dr.  H.  L.  Tarr 
in  that  business.  Sir.  Mason  will  continue  the  business  under 
the  old  name. 

The  Pittsburg  (Pa.)  Wholesale  Drug  Co.,  a  new  con- 
cern in  Pittsburg,  has  leased  the  si.x-story  building  at  713 
Grant  street.  The  company  is  under  the  management  of  F.  J. 
Crosson. 

The  Read  Drug-  and  Chemical  Co.,  Baltimore,  jNId., 
whose  building  was  damaged  by  fire  several  months  ago,  has 
awarded  contracts  for  extensive  renovation   and   improvements. 

W.  R.  Smith,  trading  as  the  City  Drug  Store  Enterprise, 
at  ileridian,  Miss.,  has  filed  a  voluntary  petition  in  bank- 
ruptcy, placing  his  liabilities  at  $3,948,  and  his  assets  at  $2,760. 

K.  D.  Bouse  has  sold  his  interest  in  the  Thames  Drug  Co., 
Beaumont,  Texas,  to  J.  P.  Gudger,  of  the  Gulf  Pipe  Line  Co. 
Jlr.  Rouse  is  managing  Rouse's  drug  store  No.  2,  at  Houston. 

William  J.  Snow,  druggist  at  NaJnant,  Mass.,  recently 
filed  schedules  in  bankruptcy  placing  his  liabilities  at  $6,427 
and  his  assets  at  $6,216.     There  are  over  30  creditors. 

The  Elkton  (Va.)  drug  store,  stock  and  fixtures,  was 
sold  recently  to  R.  E.  O'Rear,  of  Clearbrook,  for  $4,150.  The 
business   will    be   conducted   as   usual. 

The  Lancaster  (Pa.)  Drug  Co.  will  build  a  large  four- 
story  warehouse  directly  in  the  rear  of  its  present  building  at  42 
Nortli  Prince  street. 

The  Koss-Kreizinger  Drug  Co.  will  occupy  the  one 
store  in  the  beautiful,  new,  $100,000  "First  Safe  Deposit  block" 
in    Fremont,    Neb. 

Buena  Pharmacy,  1002  Jlontrose  Boulevard,  Chicago, 
has  filed  schedule  of  bankruptcy,  placing  liabilities  at  $9,532, 
and  assets  at  $13,340. 

The  Broadway  Pharmacy,  Inc.,  Spokane,  Wash.,  has 
been  sold  by  F.  R.  Robertson  to  James  L.  Cook  for  a  con- 
sideration  of  $3,300. 

Joseph  E.  B.  l/overing,  formerly  employed  at  the  Inde- 
pendent drug  store,  .'\mesbury,  Mass.,  has  purchased  the  phar- 
macy at  Smithtown. 

The  Appleton  Pharmacy,  Inc.,  Boston,  Mass.,  has  filed 
schedule  showing  liabilities  amounting  to  $3,782  and  assets 
$1,600. 

James  Bergman,  702  .\msterdam  avenue,  this  city,  has  filed 
schedules  showing  liabilities  of  $21,309  and  assets  amounting  to 
$9,180. 

Druggists  of  Ensley,  Ala.,  will  close  every  evening  at  8  :30 
o'clock,  excepting  on  Saturday  and  the  pay  days  of  the  steel 
plant. 

Herman  Orlewitz,  druggist  at  2140  Seventh  avenue,  this 
city,  who  began  business  in  1883,  has  made  an  assignment. 

Eushville,  111.,  business  houses,  including  the  drug  stores, 
will   close   at   6:30   P.   M.   during   the   winter   months. 

W.  W.  Lundberg,  druggist  at  Glenwood  City,  Wis.,  has 
enlarged  his  quarters  in  the  Syndicate  building. 

The  King  Pharmacy,  Augusta,  Ga.,  is  now  located  in  its 
new  quarters  at  Broad  and  McKinney  streets. 

The  B.  &  B.  Pharmacy  was  recently  opened  by  Ernest 
J.  Bryant  and  \'incent  Ballenger  at  Bellefontaine,  O. 

R.  B.  Arnold,  of  Lake  Geneva,  Wis.,  has  erected  an  addition 
to  his  store  and  has  enlarged  his  stock. 


RECENT  FIRES 


At  Gatesville,  Tex.,  R.  M.  Arnold's  drug  and  jewelry  store; 
$12,000  damage,  covered  by  insurance,  and  $60,000  damage  to 
neighboring  concerns. 

At  Estherwood,  La.,  fire  destroyed  the  pharmacy  and  office 
of  J.  F.  Francis,  and  several  small  buildings  adjoining.  Loss 
$1,500. 

•At  Richmond,  Va.,  Frey's  Drug  Store;  loss  not  stated,  but 
slight. 

.\t  Thome,  N.  D.,  C.  W.  Rogers'  drug  store  destroyed  by 
fire  from  overheated  furnace.     Loss  $12,000. 

At  Callahan,  Fla.,  Callahan  Pharmacy;  loss  $2,000,  and 
partly  insured. 

.At  Des  Moines,  la.,  Namur  Drug  Store,  in  Masonic  Tem- 
ple, wrecked,  with  a  loss  of  $35,000. 

At  Turlock,  Wash.,  J.  D.  Eastman  Drug  Store  destroyed, 
with   loss   of   $3,500,   insurance   $2,150. 


Homeopathic  Pharmacy 

Some  interesting  points  relative  to  homeopathic  pharmacy 
were  brought  out  in  a  recent  special  lecture  delivered  by  Dr. 
John  .\.  Borneman,  professor  of  pharmacy  of  Hahnemann 
Medical  College  and  Hospital  before  the  Philadelphia  College 
of  Pharmacy.  In  introducing  his  subject,  the  speaker  asked 
his  audience  whether  they  believed  in  allopathic  or  homeo- 
pathic pharmacy.  In  the  first  year  course  of  90  hours  given 
in  the  Hahnemann  Medical  College,  one-third  of  the  time  is 
devoted  to  homeopatliic  pharmacy,  and  two-thirds  to  allopathic 
pharmacy.  During  the-  tliird  year  the  students  receive  IS 
hours  of  instruction  in  practical  homeopatliic  pharmacy  in  the 
hospital  pharmacy  connected  with   the  institution. 

The  speaker  then  called  attention  to  the  new  Homeopathic 
Pharmacopoeia  of  1914,  which  he  said  was,  in  some  ways,  prob- 
ably a  year  ahead  of  the  U.  S.  Pharmacopoeia.  The  book  con- 
tains no  compound  remedies,  all  are  simples,  and  each  drug  is 
treated  by  itself.  The  mother  tincture  represents  a  one-tenth 
drug  strength,  and  is  made  from  fresh  plants  whenever  pos- 
sible; foreign  plants  sent  from  Europe,  etc.,  are  preserveci  by 
alcohol  until  they  can  be  made  up.  There  are  some  exceptions 
to  the  use  of  fresh  plants,  as  in  the  case  of  ipecac  and  cin- 
chona. No  provision  is  made  in  the  present  pharmacopoeia 
for  standardizing  the  preparations,  but  it  is  expected  that  this 
will  be  done  in  succeeding  editions.  The  metric  system  of 
weights  and  measures  is  used.  The  utensils  in  use  for  pharma- 
ceutical manufacturing  are  about  the  same  as  those  used  in 
other  pharmacies,  but  scrupulous  care  is  taken  in  cleansing 
them  after  use.  The  alcohol  is  carefully  selected  and  is  of 
87  per  cent  strength.  The  preparations  used  include  those 
from  the  animal,  vegetable  and  mineral  kingdoms.  The  homeo- 
pathic pharmacist  must  gather  his  own  plants,  the  time  of 
gatliering  being  quite  important,  a  regular  schedule  for  this 
work  being  provided.  The  roots  w-hen  gathered  are  carefully 
cleansed,  sometimes  washed,  and  moisture  content  noted,  for 
w-hich  allowance  is  made  in  preparing  the  tinctures. 

The  drugs  are  generally  macerated  7  days  in  two  gallon 
bottles,  each  bottle  being  shaken  ten  times,  twice  a  day.  The 
speaker  thought  that  the  process  of  making  tinctures  by  the 
maceration  of  fresh  drugs  was  an  excellent  one,  as  it  pro- 
vided for  the  retention  of  the  volatile  constituents.  ,\t  the  pres- 
ent time  most  homeopathic  physicians  prefer  low  tinctures  (or 
potencies).  The  "mother  tincture"  is  designated  by  "IX," 
which  represents  a  drug  strength  of  1/10.  To  make  the  sec- 
ond dilution,  one  part  of  the  mother  tincture,  four  parts  of 
water  and  five  parts  of  alcohol  are  taken,  the  resulting  dilu- 
tion representing  a  drug  strength  of  1/100  and  is  designated 
by  "2X."  The  third  dilution  or  potency  is  designated  by  "3X" 
and  represents  a  drug  strength  of  1/1000.  Homeopathic  phar- 
macists pride  themselves  upon  their  triturations,  which  consist 
of  one  part  of  chemical  to  nine  parts  of  milk  sugar,  triturated 
for  hours,  separate  mortars  being  used  for  the  different  tritu- 
rates; in  the  case  of  odorous  drugs,  the  trituration  is  done  in 
separate  rooms.  The  strength  of  the  triturates  is  indicated  in 
a  manner  similar  to  that  designating  the  strength  of  the  tinc- 
tures. 

Pellets  can  be  medicated  by  pouring  tinctures  over  them, 
five  No.  40  pellets  absorbing  one  minim  of  tincture.  Tablets 
are  very  carefully  made  and  tested,  sometimes  by  the  aid  of 
the  microscope.  Sugar  pills  are  made  in  copper  kettles  lined 
with  w-ood,  in  much  the  same  manner  as  ordinary  pills  are 
coated,  granulated  sugar  forming  the  foundation.  The  tincture 
presses  and  stills  are  gold  lined. 

In  concluding  his  address  Dr.  Borneman  said  that  a  homeo- 
pathic pharmacist  must  be  absolutely  honest,  a  statement  which 
should  apply  also  to  others.  After  the  address  the  speaker  gave 
a  practical  illustration  of  the  manufacture  of  red  mercuric 
iodide  tablets,  and  also  showed  a  number  of  lantern  slides 
illustrating  various  pharmaceutical  processes. 


Insecticide   Manufacturers   Organize   Association 

The  Insecticide  Manufacturers'  .Association,  an  organization 
made  up  of  manufacturers  of  insecticides  of  this  coimtry,  has 
been  incorporated  in   this  State.     The  incorporators  are: 

W.  F.  Oburg,  Merrimac  Chemical  Co.;  Frank  Hemingway, 
Hemingway  &  Co.,  Inc. ;  W.  H.  Phillips,  W.  F.  Devoe  &  C.  T. 
Raynolds  Co.;  M.  .A.  Blanchard,  James  A.  Blanchard  Co.;  Al- 
fred Renskof,  Morris  Herrmann  Co. ;  Mr.  Coleman,  Sanitos  Co. ; 
W.  H.  Rose,  Interstate  Chemical   Co. 

It  is  expected  that  a  general  meeting  of  manufacturers  of 
insecticides  will  be  held  in  this  city  on  December  14. 


5S4 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


Board  Examinations 


California 

^an  Francisco,  Nov.  16.— Louis  Zch,  secretary  of  the  California 
Board  of  Pharmacy,  announces  the  names  of  the  following  persons 
who  were  granted  registration  at  the  recent  meeting  of  the  board: 

Assistants— James  L.  Faulkner,  Joseph  B.  Swim,  Charles  C. 
Brockman.  George  Tresize,  Clarence  A  Hull,  John  R.  Quinn, 
Harry  J.  Schwarck,  Arthur  A.  Pittcngcr,  Marion  G.  bhulman,  i.arl 
T  Starr  Chas  B  B.  Zeller,  William  M.  Nuttal,  Harry  Tobenkin, 
William'  H.  Hansen,  William  B.  Price,  Robert  O.  Baglcy,  Iver  E. 
Johanson,  Sister  S.  McCabc,  Harold  E.  Welcome,  Albert  T.  A. 
Stein.  Floyd  Teeter,  Roy  C.  Puterbaugh,  John  Johnston,  \\  m.  J. 
Schallock.  Harold  Houlihan,  M.  L.  Burke,  George  G.  Johnson, 
F  W.  McCracken,  Grover  C.  Stadler,  Glen  W.  Brace.  Thomas  D. 
Chilton.  Andree   Viole,   Sister  Laurienne,  John   H.   Albert. 

Licentiates- Roval  A.  While,  William  J.  Norton.  Clarence  Powell, 
Lee  Holtzman,  \Vm.  Vorweik,  Fred  I.  Siskel,  Edward  Riebsame, 
R  E  Bell,  Harry  E.  Wilt,  Peter  B.  Fcely,  Mary  Jennings,  Ray  L. 
Miller,  Dorothea  Van  Deinse,  C.  J.  Doran,  I.  Elmer  Macoin,  G.  L. 
Robinson,  William  E.  Cavanaugh,  Thomas  H.  Smith,  Chase  Wood, 
Samuel  H.  Watters,  Lawrence  E.  Creeden,  Robert  E.  Miller,  Car- 
lisle Laughlin,  Geo.  T.  Pomeroy,  Oscar  C.  Bley,  Olav  Kaarboe, 
Clarence  K.  Bowers,  William  E.  Armington,  Daniel  J.  Sullivan, 
Arthur  L.  Booth,  L.  C.  Diggs,  Clair  E.  Hadsell,  Louis  G.  Kading, 
Bernard    Herman.    R.    C.    McKnight.  ^,  o     r-  u 

Credentials-Daniel  S.  Wallace,  R.  R.  Sutton,  Chas.  S.  Gibson 
Henry  W.  Brockman,  Carl  A.  Richter.  James  Z.  Magill,  Edward 
T.  Granacher,  Joseph  R.  Craigue,  Alrik  Hammar,  Jas.  P.  Minne- 
han,    Fred   E.    Morgan,  Angel   C.    Nuno.  ,,     ,n,c 

The  next  meeting  will  be  held  at  Los  Angeles  on  Jan.  11,  1915, 
the  examinations  commencing  on  Jan.  13,  and  in  San  Francisco 
on  Jan.    IS,    the    examinations    commencing   on  Jan.    20. 

Delaware 

Wilmington,  Nov.  15.-At  the  second  quarterly  meeting  held  by 
the  Delaware  Board  of  Pharmacy  at  Newark  last  month,  ten 
applicants  were  examined  for  pharmacist  s  license  and  two  tor 
assistant's  license.  The  following  were  passed  as  pharmacists: 
Frank  P  Cofone,  Yonkers,  N.  Y.  and  Manian  W.  Tingle,  Phi.a- 
delphia.  Pa.  Thomas  J.  Phillips,  of  Wilmington,  was  granted  an 
assistant's  license.  The  next  meeting  for  examination  will  be 
held  at   Newark   on  Jan.   6,   1915. 

Illinois 

Sorinefield  Nov.  16.— At  the  October  meeting  of  the  Illinois 
B?ard  of  Pharmacy,  held  in  this  city,  the  following  applicants 
passed    successful    examinations:  c-„,.,    a„ 

Registered  Pharmacists-J.  H.  Garretson  Taylorville;  Sister  A.U- 
Kustine  Groesch,  Springfield;  Ernest  S.  Hoehn,  East  St.  Louis; 
J^hnM.  Lee,  Springfield;  J.  H.  Pfaft,  Centra  ha;  Robert  E.  Roche, 
Peoria;   Wm.   A.   Schneeberg,   Alton;   L.   A.   Wolfe,   Springfield. 

Assistant  Pharmacists-L  .W.  Callahan,  Tremont;  James  MDu- 
lany,  Paris;  John  B.  Griebel.  Bunker  Hill;  Frank  H.  Lierman, 
Champaign;   Jos.   A.   Michael,   Decatur,   C;   a.  Otto,    Peoria 

Local  Registered  Pharmacists-Henry  A.  Dinges,  Red  Bud,  and 
Harry   H.    Harding,   Ashland. 

Kentucky- 
Frankfort  Nov.  16.-At  the  meeting  of  the  Kentucky  Board  of 
Pha^acy  recently  held  in  Berea,  a  class  of  twenty-three  appli- 
cants was  examined  and  the  following  passed  as  registered  phar- 
macUtr-^has.  F.  Bartholomew.  Ft  Thomas;  R°bcr.B  Creech 
Louisville:  E.  W.  Foertmeyer,  Bellevue;  Geo  L.  HoUiday,  ra 
ducah  OHn  Lee,  Middlesboro;  Herbert  T.  Ransdell  Owenton; 
John  B.   Robinson,  Georgetown;  W.  B.   Schultz,  Middlesboro;  E.   C. 

^^Th"'fo"'nowi^g''"u"'aUfied  as  assistants-M.  D.  Aitken,  Flemings- 
burg  Chas.  D.  Anderson,  Richmond;  A.  B.  Brooks,  Paducah; 
Walter  J.  Hcrp,  Louisville;  Jas.  B.  McQuown,  Gasgow;  Owen  R. 
Ware.   Middlesboro.  ,  .       .         n     e     r^     t       ■     t,-  vi 

At  the  annual  meeting  held  at  this  time  Prof.  G.  Lewis  Diehl, 
Louisville,  qualified  as  the  newly  appointed  member  of  the  Board, 
succeeding  Robin  H.  White,  whose  term  expired.  G.  Orville  Pat- 
terson, Hawesville,  was  elected  president  for  the  ensuing  year, 
while  T  W  Gayle,  Frankfort,  was  re-elected  secretary,  and  Ed- 
ward Bioomfield,  Louisville,  was  re-elected  attorney  and  inspec- 
tor.     Covington   was   decided   upon    as    the    next    place    of   meeting. 


Maryland 

Baltimore  November  16.^The  Maryland  Board  of  Pharmacy  has 
announced  the  result  of  the  examinations  for  applicants  for  regis- 
Uz°ion   Is    pharmacists    and    assistants    held    last    month,    the    fol- 

'"phafmadit's-Gerrgf  J.  Ayd,  David  J.  Gitomer,  Baltimore;  Law- 
rence™fchoSs  Frampton.  Arlington;  Schafer  B  Blair,  William  A. 
Bentz  Williamsport;  Howard  C.  Hopkins,  Oxford;  Woods  D 
Bluiere,    Watsontown,    Pa.;    Charles    Rafone,    Frederick    Sircusa, 

^'A"sU?Inis-Miss  Emma  H.  Belbot;  John  P.  Irwin  John  M.  Lil- 
lich  C  a?ence  Schwarzenbach,  Bradley  Henry  Waltz  Baltimore; 
Charles  Hugo  Jahelka.  Hamilton;  Gilford  L.  Potts,  Elkton,  and 
Miss    Carville   Brain    Boyd,    Clearfield.  . 

The  board  also  disposed  of  various  other  matters  It  is  com- 
posed of  H.  Lionel  Meredith,  Hagerstown.  Md  president;  Ephraim 
lacon,  Baltimore,  secretary;  David^MiHard,  Baltimore  treasur- 
er; J.  Fuller  Frames,  Baltimore,  and  William  C.  Powell,  Snow  Hill. 


Missouri 

E.  G.  Cox,  secretary  of  the  Missouri  Board  of  Pharmacy,  Craig, 
Mo.,  has  made  public  the  following  list  of  successful  candidates 
who    took    the    examination   recently    in    St.    Louis: 

Registered  Pharmacists— M.  C.  Adamson,  St.  Joseph;  Chas.  C. 
Crump,  Montgomery  City;  William  W.  Franklin,  Hume;  Francis 
J.  Hemm,  St.  Louis;  Louis  O.  Kloeckner,  St.  Louis;  Robert  W. 
'Kinnison,  St.  Joseph;  Frank  LaRue,  Dexter;  Junius  B.  Linn, 
Canton;  Joshua    E.   Marsdcn,   St.    Louis;  John  Wasem,   St.    Louis. 

Assistants — Edward  Iloppe,  St.  Louis;  Benjamin  Norton  Gerson, 
St.  Louis;  Charles  F.  Lanwermeyer,  St.  Louis;  Edison  Tribble, 
Bioomfield;  Wm.  S.  VanCleve,  Maiden;  J.  H.  Workman,  Portage- 
villc. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  Board  will  be  held  at  Jefferson  City  on 
Jan.    11,   1915. 


Montana 

Butte,  Nov.  16.— Thirty-six  applicants  were  examined  by  the 
Montana  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  at  the  recent  meeting  held  at 
Helena,  the  following  being  successful  and  will  be  granted  licenses 
as  registered  pharmacists — R.  E.  Black,  Roundup;  Carl  A.  Brye, 
Glasgow;  W.  H.  Hewson,  Great  Falls;  Raymond  V.  Love,  Havre; 
Benjamin  F.  Owen,  Billings;  George  F.  Moses,  Poplar;  Jay  A. 
Miller,  Red  Lodge;  Clinton  T.  Poe,  Medicine  Lake;  Cressie  D. 
Panhorst,  Billings;  Walter  Ritter,  Helena;  Ralph  L.  Stewart, 
Chicago;  L.  L.  Robertson,  Havre;  Mark  Vornholt,  P.  C.  Vornholt, 
Poplar;  C.  F.  Wiswall,  Billings;  Floyd  Williams,  Lewiston;  William 
H.    Young,   Baker. 

Several  registered  assistant  pharmacist  certificates  were  also 
issued.  The  present  board  members  are  F.  A.  Schueber,  Livings- 
ton, president;  W.  R.  Montgomery,  Butte,  secretary;  Emil  Starz, 
Helena,  treasurer. 


New   Jersey 

Bridgeton,  Nov.  16.— Secretary  Jorden  has  prepared  the  follow- 
ing list  of  successful  candidates  who  passed  the  October  examina- 
tion: 

Registered  Pharmacists— Edward  A.  Bank,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  Ira 
N.  Breit,  Newark;  Basil  Bruno,  Long  Branch;  George  J.  Burch, 
Hightstown;  John  Carlson,  Cranbury;  Peter  Cocuzza,  Elizabeth; 
Herman  Cohen,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  Henry  B.  Decker,  Haddon 
Heights;  Frank  S.  De  Leon,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Aaron  Dixon,  But- 
ler; John  Eby,  Phiadelphia,  Pa.;  Milton  Fisher,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.; 
Louis  W.  Fuchs,  Newark:  Wili^m  J.  Galbraith,  Hackcnsack;  Sig- 
nuind  Gardner,  Somerville;  William  A.  Gardner,  Jersey  City; 
Eleanor  M.  Gartland,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Harry  Goldwag,  New 
York,  N.  Y. ;  Isidore  Goldstein,  Paterson;  Karl  E.  Hahn,  New 
York,  N.  Y.;  William  D.  Hall,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Richard  H. 
Hamilton,  Jersey  City;  Alessio  Ilaria,  Newark;  David  Kangisser, 
Paterson;  Bernard  Katsin,  Lakewood;  William  Keeshan,  Jersey 
City;  Edward  Kodet,  New  York,  N.  Y. ;  Agnostino  Lettieri,  New- 
ark; Paul  Levinson,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  Nathan  Lifshitz,  New  York, 
N.  Y. ;  Roy  P.  Lodge,  Atlantic  City;  Joseph  Marino,  Newark; 
John  Miraglio,  Hoboken;  Pinchus  Mucha,  New  York,  N.  Y. ; 
Charles  A.  Muller,  North  Bergen;  Reginald  P.  Osborne,  Brooklyn; 
N.  Y. ;  Elmer  E.  Pine,  Jersey  City;  Louis  Porreca,  Hackensack; 
Joseph  Potechin,  Newark;  Russell  R.  Reed.  Rahway,  N.  J.;  Ar- 
nold A.  Renson,  Jr.,  North  Bergen;  Frederick  Rescigno,  New 
York,  N.  Y. ;  George  H.  Rowland,  Annandalc;  Frank  Saduzzi,  New- 
ark; Joseph  Schlein,  Hoboken;  Edith  M.  Schofield,  Atlantic  City; 
John  W.  Seager,  W'estfield;  Isidor  Shalit,  Bayonne;  Harry 
Schwalb,  Jersey  City;  EJwin  R.  Spangler,  Ephrata,  Pa.;  Albert  R. 
Struckmann,  West  Hoboken;  Herman  N.  Sussles,  Ridgefield; 
Louis  F.  Thumser;  Claude  H.  Umlauf,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  Gustave 
H.  Wetzel,  Newark;  Oscar  K.  Whipple,  Jr.,  Bridgeton;  Charles  A. 
White,    Philadelphia,    Pa. 

Registered  Assistants — W'illiam  Amdur,  New  Brunswick;  Edmund 
Buttykay,  Lodi ;  Elmer  H.  MacDonald,  Hackensack;  Mark  Rigg, 
Burlington;    Percy    L.    Walling,   Westfield. 

The  next  meeting  of  the  board  for  examinations  will  be  held  at 
Trenton    on   Jan.    21    and   22,    1915. 


New  York 
Albany,    Nov.    16. — According   to    Secretary    Warren    L.    Bradt,    of 
the    New    York    Board   of    Pharmacy,    the    number   of   penalties    re- 
ceived  during   the   month  of  October  and   the   nature   of  the  viola- 
tions  were   as   follows: 

Sale   of   proscribed   drugs    2 

Junior    violation    13 

Adulterated  and  deficient  pharmacopoeial  products    11 

Deficient    and    adulterated    prescriptions 8 

Methyl    alcohol    present 2 

Non-registration    of  pharmacy 3 

Total     39 


North  Dakota 

Fargo,  Nov.  16. — As  a  result  of  the  recent  examination  held  by 
the  Board  of  Pharmacy  in  this  city,  the  following  were  granted 
registered  pharmacist  licenses — Frank  E.  Pullman,  Jamestown;  D. 
W.  C.  Hall.  Dickinson;  E.  C.  Zimmerman,  Casselton;  and  Sister 
M.    Cuthberta.    Fargo. 

Those  securing  licenses  for  assistant  pharmacist  were — F.  B. 
Hanson,  Fergus  Falls,  Minn.;  Clarence  B.  Hay,  Asaracka;  Edwin 
O.  Larson.  Devils  Lake;  Harold  Williamson,  Ray;  and  W.  H. 
Woodard,    Bismarck. 

Owing  to  the  fact  that  a  change  in  the  state  laws  was  made 
requiring  that  app'icants  must  have  had  at  least  one  year  in  a 
reconized  pharmacy  school  and  after  1915  two  years  in  such 
school,  there  was  not  a  very  large  class  of  applicants  this  time 
and  it  will  probably  be  several  years  before  classes  will  be 
as  large  as  formerly.  The  next  meeting  will  be  held  at  Fargo 
on    June    15,    1915. 


December,  1914] 


THE  phar:\iaceutical  era 


585 


Vermont 

Burlington,  Nov.  16.— At  the  quarterly  meeting  of  the  Vermont 
Board  of  Pharmacy  held  at  Montpelier,  eight  applicants  took  the 
examination,  the  following  obtaining  full  registration;  Miss  Hor- 
tense  Merrill,  Swampscott,  Mass. ;  A.  Altieri,  Yonkers,  N.  Y. ; 
P.  Principe,  New  York  City;  and  L.  H.  Whitney,  Waterbury,  Vt. 
Hector  Huard,  Winooski,  was  granted  an  assistant's  license.  No 
successor  has  yet  been  appointed  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by 
the  resignation  of  D.  F.  Davis,  of  Barre,  president  of  the  board, 
who  felt  that  he  could  not  devote  the  necessary  time  to  the  work. 
His  colleagues  have  expressed  their  appreciation  of  his  work 
and  state  that  his  resignation  constitutes  a  distinct  loss  to  the 
board   and    to    the   cause   of   pharmacy    in    the   State. 


Virginia 

At  the  meeting  held  at  Richmond  on  October  20,  there  were  30 
applicants  for  examination.  Of  this  number,  the  following  were 
given  certificates  as  registered  pharmacists —  J.  J.  Harris,  Cul- 
pepper; R.  C.  Morehead,  Wytheville ;  W.  B.  Dabney,  (colored) 
Petersburg ;  Abraham  Caplan,  Richmond ;  F.  A.  Lozaw,  Middle- 
town,  N.  Y. ;  B.  L.  Brannon,  Norfolk;  H.  P.  Hargrave,  (colored) 
Roanoke ;  J.  E.  Manning,  Portsmouth ;  W.  M.  Yearby,  Richmond ; 
C.    H.    Berry  man,    Wytheville. 

Registered  as  assistants  on  the  registered  pharmacist  examina- 
tion—C  \V.  Ray,  Welch,  W.  Va. ;  P.  H.  Dinwiddie,  Durham,  N.  C; 
F.    F.    Lyon,    Oxford.    N.    C. 

Seventeen  applicants  took  the  examination  for  certificates  as 
registered  assistant  pharmacists.  Of  this  number  the  following 
were  successful — W.  E.  Manlove,  Norfolk;  J.  B.  Holland,  Rich- 
mond; L.  J.  Hen'ey,  Tappahannock;  D.  W.  Paulette,  Farmville; 
J.    N.    Dickson,    Norfolk;   J.    A.    Patterson.    Richmond. 

The  following  were  registered  by  reciprocity — H.  C.  Greear, 
Appalachia,  from  Georgia;  M.  Beach,  Norfolk,  from  Florida;  L.  J. 
Cohen,  Phoebus,  from  Maryland,  and  G.  R.  Rtdgeley,  Richmond, 
from    District   of   Columbia. 

Examinations  are  held  by  the  Board  in  Richmond  on  the  third 
Tuesday  of  January,  April,  July  and  October,  respectively.  All 
applications  must  be  filed  with  the  Secretary  at  least  ten  days 
prior    to    examination    date. 


Wisconsin 

Madison,  Nov.  16. — At  the  meeting  of  the  Wisconsin  Board  of 
Pharmacy  held  in  this  city  the  following  were  granted  certificates: 

Registered  Pharmacists — Aloysius  J.  Dettlaff,  Milwaukee;  Ray- 
mond T.  Le  Mieux,  Green  Bay;  Clarence  H.  Mees,  Clintonville; 
Joseph  F.  Meyer,  Chilton;  Helmer  A.  Roen,  Menomonie;  Joseph 
B.  Zych,  Jr.,  Milwaukee;  Arthur  S.  Hessler.  Antigo;  Felix  J. 
Idziorek,  Milwaukee;  P.  Amos  Gruett,  Racine;  Walter  J.  Per- 
gande,  Milwaukee;  Rex  E.  Mather,  Milwaukee;  Edwin  B.  Ren- 
nebohm,    Milwaukee. 

Registered  Assistants — Roy  Hutchinson,  Duluth,  Minn.;  Hans 
A.  Hansen,  Madison;  Walter  Gargen.  Milwaukee;  Lester  B.  Han- 
sen,   Racine;    Albert   A.    Lohr,    Milwaukee. 

The   next  meeting  will   be  held  at  Madison   on  Jan.   12-15. 

NEW    INCORPORATIONS 

Wawel  Drug  Co.,  Chicago,  III.,  capital  stock,  $3,000;  incorporators, 
Sylvanus  G.   Levy,   A.    B.    Lipson   and   Thomas   M.   Whitson. 

Chelsea  Drug  Co.,  Memphis.  Tenn.,  capital,  $10,000;  incorporators, 
John  C.  Bell,  C  E.  Hillis,  S.  C.  Sims,  M.  L.  Bullaca  and  Isaac 
A.    Peres. 

Milburn  Drug  Co..  San  Antonio,  Texas,  capital  stock,  $20,000; 
incorporators,  T.  H.  Miiburn,  C.  L.  Milburn  and  T.   Milburn. 

Climax  Chemical  Co.,  New  York  City,  capital,  $5,000;  chemical 
and  mechanical  products;  incorporators,  F.  W.  Foucar,  A.  L. 
McDonell    and   Isador   D.    Brokaw. 

The  Murdock  Drug  Co.,  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  capital  stock,  $5,000; 
to  operate  retail  drug  stores;  directors,  T.  H.  Bowsraan  and  Daniel 
G.    Sullivan,   Indianapolis,   and   Luther  J.    Murdock,   Bloomington. 

Dame  Nature  Co..  Chicago,  capital  stock,  $50,000;  to  manufacture 
and  deal  in  all  kinds  of  tcilet  articles;  incorporators,  Basil  D'Emo, 
Richard  H.   Mather  and   William  A.   Sheehan. 

Capital  Drug  Co.,  Hartford,  Ct..  capital  stock,  $7,000;  officers  and 
directors:  President,  Max  Goldfield;  secretary-treasurer,  Louis 
Goldfield,   of  Hartford;   L.    L.    Card. 

Mason  Laboratories,  New  York  City,  capital  stock,  $20,000; 
chemists,  druggists,  bacteriologists;  incorporators,  Morris  A.  and 
Ray  E.  Mason  and  Aaron  Moseson. 

Royal  Drug  Label  Co.,  New  York  City,  capital,  $3,000;  Louis 
Epstein,  M.   Lapides,  C.   Bison. 

Ideal  pharmacy,  Milwaukee,  Wis.,  capital,  $25,000;  incorporators, 
T.   L.    Baarth.   R.   H.   Baarth  and  Otto  Baarth. 

Durex  Chemical  Works,  Inc.,  New  York  City,  capital  $288,000; 
general  chemical  and  drug  business;  mining,  etc. ;  incorporators, 
M.  Toch,  N.  Y.  C;  H.  E.  Baer,  Mount  Vernon,  and  A.  C.  Reid. 
Jersey    City,    N.    J. 

American  Veterinary  Medicine  Co.,  Dover,  Del.,  capital  $250,000; 
the  business  of  chemists,  druggists,  etc.;  incorporators,  M.  Poole, 
S.  Falk,  R.  J.  Connolly,  New  York  City. 

Marvel  Products  Co.,  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  to  compound,  sell  and  deal 
in  and  with  proprietary  medicines,  either  wholesale  or  retail ; 
manufacture  and  deal  in  chemicals,  dye  stuffs,  paints,  oils,  etc. ; 
incorporators,  S.  C.  T.  Dodd,  Carroll  C.  Robertson,  both  of  Pitts- 
burg, and  Fred   L.   Workman,   Duquesne,   Pa. 

A.  E.  Rea  Drug  Co.,  Ltd.,  Ottawa,  Ont.,  capital  stock,  $50,000; 
incorporators,  T.  F.  Carrie,  Toronto;  Lefebvre  Brownhill,  G.  E. 
Clapin,  and  others,   to  manufacture  surgical   instruments,   etc. 

E.  C.  Hachney  Laboratories,  Inc.,  Dover,  Del.,  capital,  $150,000; 
to  manufacture  and  sell  intravenin,  its  products,  alkalies  and 
chemicals  of  all  kinds;  incorporators,  W.  C.  Arnold.  Philadelphia; 
F.  A.  Moorshead,  Lansdowne,  Pa.,  and  J.   M.   Satterfield,   Dover. 


Nature's  Remedy  Co.,  Belfast,  Me.,  capital  stock,  $50,000;  to 
manufacture,  buy,  sell,  export,  import  and  generally  deal  in  patent 
medicines,  drugs,  formulas  and  preparations  of  every  kind,  class 
and  description,  etc.;  ofticers  and  directors:  President,  H.  A.  Ben- 
nett; treasurer,  E.  F.  Hanson;  Wentworth  V.  Lander,  Clarence  E. 
Tuller  and   Maurice   W.    Lord. 

Bio  Chemical  Co.,  Manhattan,  N.  Y.,  capital,  $10,000;  to  make 
import  and  deal  in  drugs,  medicines,  physicians'  and  hospital  sup- 
plies; incorporators,  Morris  Pitzerman,  Morris  Schoenwald  and 
Louis  Weinberg. 

Coast  Wide  Chemical  Co.,  Manhattan,  N.  Y.,  capital,  $50,000; 
to  make  and  deal  in  disinfectants,  chemicals,  physicians*  and  hos- 
pital   supplies;    Garfield    and   Alex    S.    Force   and    G.    J.    Turner. 

Rankin-Butner  Drug  Co.,  Winston-Salem,  N.  C,  capital,  $10,000; 
incorporators,   T.   A.    Butner,   W.    H.    Rankin   and   others. 

Licht's  pharmacy,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  capital,  $10,000;  directors, 
H.   E.   Licht,   Harry  Licht   and  Aaron  Licht,  of  Brooklyn. 

Radium  Spray  Co.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  capital,  $10,000;  drugs;  E.  A. 
and  C.  J.   Hubbell,  of  Brooklyn,   and   C.   A.   Macheney,   New   York. 

International  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland,  O.,  capital,  $10,000;  incorpor- 
ators, M.  E.  Tettelbach.  E.  J.  Wohlgemuth,  R.  R.  Schwartz,  A.  L. 
Dietz  and  J.   H.   Backowski. 

Schaffner  Drug  Co..  Ashtabula,  O.,  capital,  $25,000;  incorpora- 
tors, J.  E.  Allport,  H.  E.  Allport,  H.  R,  Martinson,  K.  C.  Guhl 
and  H.    Stephens. 

Vonberg's  pharmacy,  New  York  City,  capital,  $10,000;  drugs, 
chemicals,  confectionery,  smokers*  articles,  etc.;  incorporators, 
Mary    E.    Conroy,   Alex   Gordon   and   Peter  A.    Lee. 

Lloyd  Preparation  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y".,  capital,  $50,000;  to  carry 
on  a  manufacturing  business  of  drugs,  medicines  and  toilet  pre- 
parations; directors:  I.  C.  McDowell,  D.  C.  Palmer,  L.  J.  Rosen, 
John  Duchmann,  jr.,  J.  C.  Leilly,  jr.,  Al.  Robinson  and  Howlett 
E.   Robinson. 

Midland  Chemical  Co.,  Chicago;  capital,  $125,000;  to  manufacture 
chemicals  and  chemical  compounds,  etc. ;  incorporators,  W.  T. 
Sheffield,   Fred  Huettman  and   F.    R.    Hubachek. 

Harrison-Peterson  Drug  Co.,  Muncie,  Ind.,  changed  its  name  to 
Harrison  Drug  Co. 

Cherox  Co.,  Valparaiso,  Ind.,  capital,  $5,000;  to  deal  in  medi- 
cines;  directors,  H.    K.    Brown,  J.   L.   Meagner  and  J.   F.   Griffin. 

Cosmopathic  Medical  Institute  and  Compounding  Co.,  Portland, 
Me.,  capital,  $500,0CW,  of  which  $1,000  is  paid  in;  organized  for  pur- 
pose of  acquiring  all  formulas,  anatomical  charts,  mechanical  de- 
vices and  remedies  now  held  by  Edward  E.  Hosmer,  of  Swamp- 
scott, Mass.;  officers:  President,  H.  R.  Foss,  of  Portland;  treasurer, 
A.    E.   Anderson,    of   Portland. 

Cythera  Toilet  Co.,  Richmond,  Va.,  capital,  authorized  from 
$1,000  to  $25,000;  to  manufacture  and  sell  toilet  articles  of  every 
description;  officers:  President,  W.  J.  Farrow;  secretary  and 
treasurer,  F.   B.   Snyder. 

Turner  Drug  Co.,  Altoona,  Pa.,  capital  stock,  $16,000;  directors: 
H.  W.  Turner,  Jennie  B.  Turner  and  Charles  E.  Walters  (treasur- 
er),  all  of  Altoona. 

Wiley  Dandruff  Remover  Co.,  Toledo,  O.,  capital,  $10,000;  incor- 
porators, F.  E.  Wiley,  C.  C.  Banting,  H.  H.  Stalker,  J.  W.  Bant- 
ing   and    W.    O.    Kiracofe. 

Urackaloabo  Chemical  Co.,  Inc.,  Manhattan,  capital,  $25,000;  to 
do  a  general  manufactflring  business  and  to  manufacture  reme- 
dies; incorporators,  S.  S.  Ryckman,  E.  A.  Sprong,  I.  V.  Russell, 
N.   Y.    C 

Easterwood-Patillo  Drug  Co.,  Athens,  Texas,  capital  stock, 
$8,000;  incorporators,  J.  W.  Easterwood,  J.  T.  Patillo  and  J.  S. 
Easterwocd. 

Oakdale  Drug  Co.,  Louisville,  Ky.,  capital  stock,  $3,000;  in- 
corporators,   L.    P.    Krieger,    J.    W.    Krieger   and   J.    A.    Krieger. 

Demers  Bros.,  Sanford,  Me.,  capital  stock,  $10,000;  to  conduct 
a  general  drug  business  of  compounding  and  manufacturing  medi- 
cines, drugs  and  various  preparations;  officers:  President  Tele- 
spbor    Demers,    and    treasurer,    Phidelem    S.    Demers. 

Zimmer  Chemical  Co.,  Clifton,  N.  J.,  capital  stock,  $15,000;  to 
deal   in  chemicals   and  drugs  of  all   descriptions. 

Charles  F.  Grosholz,  Inc.,  to  manufacture,  buy,  sell  and  deal  in 
brushes,  combs,  soaps,  sponges,  chamois,  water  bottles,  rubber 
goods,  toilet  and  proprietary  articles,  perfumeries,  medical  and 
surgical  supplies,  druggists'  sundries  and  other  articles  of  a 
similar  nature;  incorporators,  All  ice  E.  and  Charles  F.  Grosholz, 
jr.,    and    Emmet   J.    Ross. 

The  Bauer-Tennant  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland,  O.;  capital  stock, 
$10,000;  incorporators,  W.  M.  Tennant,  N.  R.  Weidman,  H.  G. 
Wilk,  L.  H.  Wintermuth  and  N.  E.  Heabler;  to  manufacture 
drugs   and   chemicals. 

The  Acme  Drug  Co.,  Cleveland,  O.;  capital  stock,  $20,000;  in- 
corporators. Rose  Fink.  Joseph  Goodman,  Henry  O.  Wavro,  Wil- 
liam J.    Scher  and  George  A.    Marchison. 

The  W.  N.  Carr  Medical  .Co.,  Peoria.  III.,  incorporated  under 
the  laws  of  West  Virginia;  capital  stock,  $35,000:  incorporators, 
John  G.  Heberling,  Wilbur  H.  Carr,  Jerry  Tippy,  John  E.  Inger- 
soll,    and    Leonard   F.    Ingersoll. 

The  Gadsby  Co.,  Eau  Claire.  Wis.;  capital  stock.  $30,000;  incor- 
porators, Fred.  H.  Gadsby,  Helen  L.  Gadsby  and  Thomas  L.  Gad- 
sby; to  handle  all  kinds  and  sorts  of  drugs  and  other  lines  of 
merchandise. 


Proceedings  Received 


California  Ph.  A.;  Georgia  Ph.  A.;  Kansas  Ph.  A.;  Ken- 
tucky Ph.  A.;  Missouri  Ph.  A.;  Nebraska  Ph.  A.;  New  York 
State  Ph.  A. 


586 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


Au  Attractive  Advertisement 
The  four  page  color  insert  in  this  issue  of  the  Er.\  is  sure 
to  attract  the  attention  of  readers.  The  inside  pages  are  minia- 
ture reproductions  of  the  attractive  advertising  matter  whicli 
the  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co  of  Rochester,  X.  V.  will  supply 
to  its  customers  during  the  coming  season.  These  reproduc- 
tions were  made  .by  the  photograph  color  process  and  represent 
the  actual  figures  and  colors  shown  in  the  originals,  of  course, 
-ver\-  much  reduced  in  size.  However,  they  serve  to  give  one 
a  clear  idea  of  the  original  designs.  In  the  selection  of  tliese 
■designs  for  their  1915  Offer,  the  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.  have 
been  guided  by  the  advertising  value  to  the  dealer,  fully  realiz- 
ing that  the  sales  of  "True  Fruit"  Soda  Fountain  Requisites 
depend  ver\-  largely  upon  the  success  of  tlie  soda  water  busi- 
ness. The  advertising  must  be  good  advertising  in  order  to 
create  the  business  desired  through  the  dealers  to  whom  this 
advertising  matter  is  supplied. 

The  phenomenal  success  of  this  company  is  a  typical  illus- 
tration of  what  can  be  accomplished  through  intelligent  co- 
operation with  dealers.  The  expense  of  the  company  for  ad- 
vertising matter  of  this  character  is  probably  larger  than  that 
of  any  other  house  in  the  soda  fountain  trade.  Their  policy 
is  to  spend  their  money  in  helping  dealers,  and  the  wisdom  of 
this  is  amply  proved  by  the  large  and  satisfactory  business 
they  have  created  for  their  products.  The  entire  assortment  of 
advertising  matter  shown  in  this  reproduction  is  furnished  free 
with  an  order  for  only  $25  worth  of  their  "True  Fruit"  flavors. 


Bathing-  Shoes 

Jfany  druggists  are  now  handling  bathing  shoes  which  make 
a  clean,  attractive  side  line,  easy  to  sell  in  those  localities 
where  there  is  any  possible  demand,  do  not  call  for  large  in- 
vestment, are  goods  that  do  not  depreciate  in  value  and  pay 
the  dealer  a  very  liberal  profit.  Among  our  new  advertisers  in 
this  issue  of  the  Era  is  the  John  H.  Parker  Co.,  of  llalden, 
ilass.,  manufacturers  of  an  attractive  line  of  bathing  shoes 
which  they  wish  to  call  to  the  attention  of  the  drug  trade. 
This  company  is  an  old  established  house,  first  started  in  1865, 
by  the  father  of  the  present  head.  Their  chief  line  is  rubber 
boots  with  leather  soles,  but  they  have  made  bathing  shoes  a 
specialty  for   many  years. 

The  John  H.  Parke'-  Co.,  a  typical  New  England  house, 
established  their  reputation  on  the  quality  of  their  goods  and 
fair  dealings  with  their  customers.  They  insist  that  all  goods 
shall  be  satisfactory  and  their  line  of  bathing  shoes  is  one  of 
the  most  complete  and  desirable  lines  manufactured.  In  goods 
of  this  character  a  dealer  cannot  afford  to  take  any  chances  on 
^selling  customers  something  that  is  cheap  and  shoddy,  or  poor- 
ly made,  for  such  goods  are  sure  to  cause  dissatisfaction.  Drug- 
gists who  want  a  satisfactory-  line  of  these  goods  can  make  no 
mistake  in  getting  in  communication  with  these  manufacturers. 


should  be  as  cold  as  possible,  so  as  to  reduce  the  loss  of 
Nitrous  Etlier  by  evaporation  to  the  lowest  possible  minimum. 
In  transferring  the  Ether  from  the  Wallinckrodt  tubes,  after 
the  tips  have  been  broken  off,  the  small  end  of  the  tube 
should  be  inserted  just  under  the  surface  of  the  alcohol,  when 
the  warmth  produced  by  holding  the  tube  in  the  hand  will 
force  all  of  the  Ether  out  into  the  alcohol.  The  spirit  thus  made 
should  be  transferred  to  perfectly  clean  and  di-y,  tightly  stop- 
pered bottles  and  stored  in  a  cool  place. 


Tinctures  from  a  Business  Standpoint 
Elsewhere  in  this  issue  Parke,  Davis  &  Co.  advance  some 
salient  reasons  why  the  retail  druggist  should  carry  and  spe- 
cialize in  tinctures  bearing  their  label.  There  is  much  to  be 
said  in  favor  of  the  line  of  reasoning  therein  set  forth.  The 
average  druggist  has  not  the  time  and  means  to  prepare  and 
standardize  the  long  line  of  tinctures  demanded  in  present-day 
medication.  He  must  depend,  for  the  most  part,  upon  the 
manufacturing  pharmacist.  Then,  he  wants  to  be  certain  that 
the  tincture  which  he  dispenses  is  therapeutically  efficient  and 
of  definite  medicinal  strength.  The  question.  "What  brand?" 
is  singularly  pertinent.  Manifestly  the  manufacture  of  so  im- 
portant a  line  of  medicaments  should  not  be  intrusted  to  the 
inexperienced  or  to  those  who  are  hampered  by  lack  of  fa- 
cilities. There  is  comfort,  therefore,  in  this  assurance  of 
Tarke,  Davis  &  Co. :  "Our  tinctures  are  made  from  thoroughly 
tested  drugs  by  e.xpert  pharmacists;  they  are  accurately  stan- 
dardized; they  are  true  to  label."  And  there  is  force  in  the 
assertion  that  it  pays  the  druggist  to  carry  and  dispense  a 
line  of  tinctures  that  he  knows  are  true  and  honest.  It  pays 
in  dollars  and  cents.  It  pays  in  prestige  with  physicians.  It 
pays  in  personal  satisfaction. 


Concentrated  Nitrous  Ether 
Concentrated  Xitrotis  Ether  enables  pharmacists  to  prepare 
small  quantities  of  Spirit  of  Nitrous  ether,  U.  S.  P.,  in  rela- 
tively small  quantities  with  ease  at  any  time.  The  Jlallincfc- 
Todt  Chemical  Works  direct  that  in  using  their  Concentrated 
Xitrous  Ether  for  this  purpose,  both  the  ether  and  the  alcohol 


The  Rapid  Fire  Suppository  Machine 
Every    well    regulated    prescription    department    requires    a 
suppository   machine   and   the   "Rapid-Fire"   machine  made  by 
the  Rapid   Fire  Co.  of  Woodbury,   Conn    fully  covers  this  re- 
quirement.     This    ma- 
chine      was       formerly 
made  by  the  Bent  Mfg. 
Co.   and    has   been   on 
the  market  for  the  past 
ten  years.    It  is  used  in 
practically    all    of     the 
colleges  of  pharmacy,  is 
economical  and  easy  to 
operate,   witli  no  waste 
of  material.  These  ma- 
chines   are    stocked    by 
all    of    the    best    jobbing   houses 
Rapid-Fire. 


Be    sure    and    ask    for    the 


Nev-A-Hone    Strop    Reduces    Shaving-    Expenses 

The  one  big  point  which  the  manufacturers  claim  for  the 
N^ev-A-Hone  Razor  Strop  is  that  by  its  use  it  reduces  all 
shaving  expenses  to  a  minimum.  In  the  case  of  many  men 
this  expense  amounts  to  SIO  to  SI5  annually.  The  Nev-A- 
Hone  Strop  is  claimed  to  absolutely  stop  all  honing,  giving 
the  razor  a  sharp  velvet  edge  365  days  in  the  year  without  any 
e.-qjense  whatever.  This  saving  repays  the  cost  of  the  strop 
at  the  end  of  the  first  year,  and  after  that  it  is  really  a  money 
maker,  for  the  life  of  the  strop  is  more  than  five  years.  Within 
this  time  the  man  using  a  Nev-A-Hone  Strop  will  have  saved 
from  §5  to  S7.50  on  honing  alone,  while  the  man  using  the 
old-fashioned  styles  will  have  paid  out  a  similar  amotmt.  The 
satisfaction  in  using  a  really  sharp  razor  is  self-evident.  The 
Nev-A-Hone  Razor  Strop  Co.  state  that  their  strop  is  the 
only  one  on  the  market  that  is  sold  under  a  positive  guarantee 
to  cure  dull  razors,  or  money  back,  and  the  fact  that  they  have 
not  been  asked  to  refund  on  a  single  strop  in  the  last  four 
years  shows  the  genera!  satisfaction  that  has  been  obtained  by 
those  who  have  used  this  strop.  For  an  illustration  of  this 
"cure  for  dull  razors,"  see  the  advertising  pages  of  this  issue 
of  the  Er.\. 


The  Superior  Quality  of  Lilly  Capsules 

The  doctor  who  never  specified  Lilly  capsules  for  his  pre- 
scriptions was  very  much  surprised  when  he  saw  the  first  pre- 
scription his  druggist  had  filled  in  which  the  Lilly  capsules 
were  used.  He  examined  them  closely  and  foimd  that  there 
were  no  scraps,  no  imperfect  capsules;  that  the  capsules  were 
uniform  in  size  and  highly  transparent,  the  ends  did  not  cave 
in,  and  the  capsules  joined  easily  and  closed  securely.  After 
this  critical  examination,  the  doctor  told  the  druggist  that  he 
never  supposed  there  was  such  a  difference  in  empty  capsules, 
and  that  thereafter  the  druggist  should  use  the  Lilly  capsules 
for  all  of  his  prescriptions.  The  druggist  was  well  pleased,  of 
course,  for  he  had  found  a  superior  capsule  that  cost  no  more 
than  an  ordinary  make,  and  he  had  also  pleased  a  doctor  who 
had  sent  him  a  lot  of  good  paying  business.  If  there  is  anyone 
who  would  like  to  demonstrate  the  superiority  that  Eli  Lilly 
&  Company  claim  for  their  capsules,  a  sample  may  be  had 
for  the  asking. 


Attractive  Counter  Display  Sign 

The  Geo.  Wm.  Hoffman  Co.,  of  Indianapolis,  manufacturers 
of  the  well  known  Bar-Keeper's  Friend  powder  metal  polish, 
are  now  redeeming  the  signatures  from  their  cartons  by  gi\-ing 
attractive  playing  cards.  They  are  also  sending  free  to  the 
drug  trade  a  very  attractive  counter  display  sign  which  adver- 
tises their  V.  S.  Metal  Polish  Paste.  This  company  have  for 
many  years  enjoyed  the  sale  in  each  of  these  two  lines,  and 
we  are  pleased  to  number  them-  again  among  our  advertisers. 


December,  191-4] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


58T 


PATEMTS  AMD  TIRADE  MAEKf 


MEDICINE    DROPPER 

THIS  device,  tlic  invention  of  Ralph  M.  Myers,  Muir, 
^Nlich.,  (Patent  Xo.  1,116,833)  is  a  dropping  attachment 
for  Hquid  containers,  consisting  of  t^^•o  tubular  members 
mounted  in  a  stopper  for  the  mouth  of  the  container,  one  of  the 
tubular  members  terminating  at  the  inner  end  of  the  stopper, 
and  the  other  extending  downwardly .  into  the  main  body  por- 
tion of  the  container,  the  tubular  members  forming  means  for 
the  dispensing  of  the  liquid  from  the  container.  A  pivoted 
lever  mounted   in   the   stopper  automatically  operates  the  con- 


I       .  - 

'4,    \J.      :    '.       l\ 


1,U6,670. 

tainer  stopper,  the  actuation  of  the  lever  being  facilitated  by  a 
handle,  between  which  and  the  lever  a  coil  spring  is  interposed, 
the  spring  normally  holding  the  stoppers  in  the  mouth  of  the 
tubular  members,  and  operating  the  tube  closures. 


Bottle  Protector 
Ella  G.  Brewer,  of  this  city,  has  devised  the  bottle  protector 
shown  in  the  accompanying  illustration  (Patent  No.  1,116,670). 
The  specifications  cover  the  combination  with  a  fragile  bottle 
or  the  like  provided  with  a  stopper,  a  removable  protecting  bag 
therefor,  said  bag  comprising  an  outer  covering,  a  relatively 
smaller  inner  bag  of  waterproof  material  attached  thereto  at 
a  point  adjacent  its  opening,  falling  material  confined  between 
the  covering  and  inner  bag,  and  a  draw  string  adapted  to  close 
the  mouth  of  the  bag  to  cause  the  padded  portion  of  the  bag 
to  completely  surround  the  bottle  and  stopper  and,  also,  engage 
the  stopper  and  retain  it  in  position,  substantially  as  described. 


Corking  Machine 
Under  the  above  title  Cuthbert  Gentle,  Dorchester,  Mass.,  as- 
signor to  Thomas  H.  Bowdidge,  Boston,  ilass.,  has  invented 
the  machine  reproduced  herewith  (Patent  Xo.  1,117,029).  It 
consists  of  a  corking  head,  having,  in  combination,  a  longitudi- 
nally moving  pitinger,  and  a  pair  of  cork  compressing  rolls 
arranged  with  their  axes  substantially  at  right  angles  to  the 
line  of  movement  of  the  plunger.  There  is  also  in  combination 
a  cork  delivering  tube,  the  pair  of  rolls  being  arranged  through 
openings  in  the  tube,  while  the  plunger  in  operation  drives  the 
cork  in  past  the  rolls  into  the  neck  of  the  bottle. 


Powder  Container  and  Dispenser 
This  device  is  the  invention  of  Franz  A.  Fuller,  assignor  to 
the  J.  E.  Mergott  Co.,  Newark,  N.  J.  (Patent  No.  1,115,062). 

■■r  Copy  of  Patent  or  Trade-Mark  15c.  Trade-Marks  & 
Labels  Registered.  Advice  under  F.&  D.  Acts.  Send  for  Book. 
G.  H.   DAVIS,   918   F   St.,  N.W.,   Washington,   D.C.    (Adv.) 


1,117.029. 


1,115,062. 


It  consists  of  a  container  for  powder,  comprising  a  tube  closed 
at  one  end  and  provided  at  its  other  end  witli  a  lid  or  cover, 
said  lid  or  cover  comprising  an  open  ended  tubular  extension, 
an  apertured  hollow  cap  provided  with  oppositely  arranged 
lugs  of  the  hollow  cup  and  the  other  end  to  the  powder 
breaker. 


PATENTS 


Granted    October    20,    1914 

113,953 — Chas.   R.   Browning,    Madrid,    Neb.      Nonrefillable   bottle. 

114,006 — Hermann  Kestner,  Mulhausen,  Germany.  Method  of 
embedding  thin  printed  labels  made  of  gelatin  in  transparent 
soap. 

114,017 — James  J.  Morgan,  Chicago,  111.  Process  of  manufac- 
turing   alcohol    from   garbage. 

114,083 — George  J.  Welch,  W'anganui,  New  Zealand.  Non-refiUa- 
ble  bottle. 

114,105 — Louis  H.  Brinkman,  assignor  to  General  Industries  Com- 
pany,  New  York,   N.   Y.      Bottle  -capping  machine. 

114,278 — Frank  E,  jlariner.  assignor  to  The  Pensacola  Tar  &  Tur- 
pentine  Co.,   Gull    Point,   Fla.      Treating   rosin. 

114,325 — Benjamin  T.  Winchester,  Windsor  Hills,  Md.,  by  mesne- 
assignments,  to  Sharp  and  Dohme,  Baltimore,  Md.  Capsule 
machine. 

114,589 — Thomas  J.  Daly,  Middletown,  Conn.  Non-refiliable  bot- 
tle. 

114,646 — Lajos   Pap,    Arad,    Austria-Hungary.      Tooth   brush. 

Granted  October  27,   1914 

114,734 — Alex.  B.  Davis,  assignor  to  The  Eli  Lilly  and  Company, 
Indianapolis,  Ind.  Chlor-methyl-omega-brom-propyl-carbinol  and' 
process    of   producing  same. 

114,735 — Alex.  B.  Davis,  assignor  to  The  Eli  Lilly  and  Company,. 
Indianapolis,   Ind.      Ketone   and   process   of   producing   same. 

114,843 — William    H.    Wright,    Duluth.    Minn.      Ammonia    still. 

115,044 — Frank  S.  Washburn,  Nashville,  Tenn.  Process  of  mak- 
ing  ammonium   phosphate. 

115,061 — John   B.    Foster,    Newark,   N.   J.      Tooth   brush    holder. 

115,062 — Franz  A.  Fuller,  assignor  to  The  J.  E.  Mergott  Co., 
Newark.    N.    J.      Powder    container    and    dispenser. 

115,224 — Calvin   D.   McAUum,   De   Kalb.   Miss.      Syringe. 

115.405 — Benjamin  W.  Davis,  Chicago,  111.  Receptacle  for  li- 
quids. 

115,444 — George  E.  Le  Clair.  Flint,  Mich.  Attachment  for  bot- 
tles or  jars. 

Granted  November  3,   1914 

115.561 — Frederick  O.  Northey.  New  Orleans,  La.,  assignor  to- 
Parke,   Davis  &  Co.,   Detroit,   Mich.      Syringe. 

115,597 — George  H.  Sherman  and  Arthur  G.  Sherman,  Detroit,. 
Jlich.      Vaccine   container. 

115.608 — Gustav  Spiess  and  Adolf  Feldt,  Frankfort-on-the-Main. 
Germany,  assignors  to  Farbwerke  vorm.  Meister  Lucius  & 
Bruning,  Hochst-on-the-Main,  Germany.  Double  salts  of  gold 
hydrocyanic  acids  and  process   of  making  same. 


5SS 


THE   PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914: 


/.  //2..9S3      ///-^^^  /,/l^.i.OS         '///Z  931         /.//4.ff3  ///y.^l?      ^/H.S-Zi         ///ZJ.i3  /.//Si^^s- 


Bottle. 

Bottle   protector. 
William     S.     Bacon, 


1,115,609 — Gustav  Spiess  and  Adolf  Feldt,  Frankfort-on-the-Main, 
Germany,  assignors  to  Farbwerke  vorm.  Meister  Lucius  & 
Bruning,  Hochst-on-the-Main,  Germany,  Dicantharidylethylene- 
diaminmonoaurocyanid  and  process  of  making  same. 

1,115,610 — Gustav  Spiess  and  Adolf  Feldt,  Frankfort-on-the-Main, 
Germany,  assignors  to  Farbwerke  vorm.  ^Meister  Lucius  & 
Bruning,  Hochst-on-thc-Main,  Germany.  Salts  of  the  auro- 
thiosulfuric   acid   and  process   of  making  same. 

1,115,646 — Hermann  Wronker,  Frankfort-on-the-Main,  Germany. 
Machine    for    printing    labels. 

1,115,664 — Henry  C.  Greene,  Mcdford,  Mass.,  assignor  to  Boston 
Bottle  Wiring  &  Labeling  Co.,  Boston,  Mass.  Label  affixing 
machine. 

1,115,976 — Leonard   Rose,   New   Orleans,   La.     Non- refill  able  bottle. 

1,116,014 — Marcellus   B.   Clarke,  Akron,   Ohio.      Hot  water  bottle. 

1,116,308 — Bernard  ilacDonald,  South  Pasadena,  Cal.  Acid  proof 
air   nozzle   and   valve. 

Granted   November    10,    1914 

1,116,398 — -Paul  Ehrlich  and  Alfred  Bertheim,  assignors  to  Farb- 
werke vorm.  Meister  Lucius  &  Bruning,  Hochst-on-the-Main, 
Germany.      Dihydrochlorid   of   diaminodioxyarsenobenzene. 

1,116,493 — Gustav  R.  Schinimel,  Detroit,  Mich.  Hypodermic  syringe 
holding   attachment   for    bottles. 

1.116,523— Albert    Westlake,   New   York,   N.   Y. 

1,116,670— Ella   G.    Brewer,    New   York,   N.    Y. 

1,116,676,     1,116,677— Henry     B.     Cooley    and 

New   Britain,    Conn.,    assigTiors   to   The   American   Paper   Goods 
Co.,   Montclair,   N.  J.      Drinking  cup. 

1,116,683 — Anton  C.  Eggers,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  assignor  to  Good- 
year's  India  Rubber  Glove  Mfg.  Co.,  Naugatuck,  Conn.  Hot 
water  bottle. 

1,116,830— Ira  T.  McCready,  Oak  Park,  111.     Cork  tapering  machine. 

1,116,833 — Ralph    M.    Myers,    Muir,    Mich.      Medicine    dropper. 

1,116,879 — ^Jean  M.  Garaix,  Convent  Station,  N.  J.  Suspensory 
bandage. 

1,116,880 — Aristide  W.  Giampietro,  Tampa,  Fla.  Machine  for  ex- 
tracting essential  oils  and  removing  peeling  from  citrus  fruits, 
etc. 

1,116,881 — Aristide  W.  Giampietro,  Tampa,  Fla.  Flexible  knife 
for  the  extraction  of  essential  oils  and  removal  of  peeling 
from   any  spherical   fruit. 

1,116,932 — ^John  J.  Schwartz  and  Lou  R.  Strauss,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Jacket   for  hot   bottles. 

1,116,972 — Harry    Becker,    Hull.    Mass.      Noo-refillable   bottle. 

1,116,983 — Leon    W.    Brown,    New   York,    N.    Y.      Bottle   cap. 

1,116,990 — Peter   Bushman.   Algiers,   La.      Non-refillable  bottle. 

1,116,993 — Frederick  E.  Carlson,  assignor  to  Landers,  Frary  & 
Clark,  New  Britain,  Conn.  Support  and  spacer  for  vacuum 
bottles. 

1,117,008 — Moses  H.  Drennan,  St.  Louis,  Mo.  Holder  for  nursing 
bottles. 

1,117,016 — Arthur  Falk,  assignor  to  Falk  Tobacco  Company,  New 
York,    N.    Y.      Dispensing   package. 

1,117.029 — Cuthbert  Gentle,  Dorchester,  Mass.,  assignor  to  Thomas 
H.   Bowdidge,    Boston,    Mass.      Corking    machine. 

Granted  November   17,    1914 
1,11 7,242 — Ferdinand    Putz.    Cassel,    Germany.      Microscope. 
1,117,327— Marcellus    B.    Clark.    Akron.    Ohio.      Water    bottle. 
1,117,352 — Paul    Ehrlich    and   Paul    Karrer,    assignors   to    Farbwerke 
vorm.    Meister    Lucius    &     Bruning,     Hochst-on-the-Main,     Ger- 
many.     Alkali    metal    salts    of    3.3,-diamino-4.4,-dioxyarsenoben- 


1,11 
1,11 


1,11 
1,11 


1,11 


1,11 
1,11 


1,11 
1,11 


zene   combined    with   copper   and   process   of    making   same. 
7,358 — Edwin   Euston,   assignor  to   Euston    Lead  Co.,   St.    Louis, 
Mo.     Process  of  making  basic  carbonates  of  lead. 
7,371 — Otis  G.  Graham  and  Adam  Kilian,  Portland,  Ore.  Means 
for   sealing   bottles. 

7,431 — Ira    P.    Olds,    Santa    Rosa,    Fla.      Funnel. 
7,533 — Samuel    W.    Taylor,    assignor    to    The    Crown    Cork    and 
Seal   Co.,   Baltimore,    Md.      Apparatus   for   applying   closures    to 
bottles. 

7,551 — Silas  E.   Coleman,   Oakland,   Cal.     Fume  hood  for  chemi- 
cal  laboratories. 

7,585 — Ludwig   Marschall,   New  York,   N.   Y.      Flying  machine. 
7,764 — Floyd    J.    Bell,    assignor    of    one-half    to    E.    J.    Prenatt, 
Mcadvillc,    Pa.      Cork    remover. 

7,792—Benjamin    F.    Colby,    Boston,    Mass.      Bottle   seal. 
7.850— Jeremiah   D.   Hull,   Richmond  Hill,   N.   Y.      Non-refillable 
bottle. 


TRADE  MARKS 


Published    October   20,    1914 

49,634 — Carl  Haefner,  Washington,  Pa.  Remedy  for  chronic,  spe- 
cific,  and  gonorrheal   rheumatism,   etc. 

70,832 — Christopher  C.  Self,  Barham,  La.  Remedy  for  venereal 
diseases. 

70,027 — Robert  Crandall,  Middletown,  N.  Y.  Ointment  for  in- 
flammation   of   udders,   caked  udders,   and   spider-teat   of   cows. 

72,055 — C.  C.  Truax  &  Co.,  assignor  to  Grocers  Co.,  Toledo,  Ohio. 
Porous   plasters. 

72,679 — South  Texas  Drug  Co.,  San  Antonio,  Texas.  Hair  oil, 
arnica  salve,  etc. 

73,727 — Atkiesclskabet  Cals  Nutranol-Fabrik,  Copenhagen,  Denmark. 
Medicinal    tonics    and    flesh    builders. 

75,392 — Achille    Sclavo,    £iena,    Italy.      A    blood   depurating   tonic. 

76,219 — M.   L.   Mooney,    Shamrock,  Texas.      Liniments. 

76,429— Danish  Butter  Colour  Co.,  Blauenfeldt  &  Tvede,  Copen- 
hagen, Denmark.  Butter  coloring  materials,  arnotto  liquids, 
and    cheese    rennets. 

77,943 — John  H.  Wood  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  Sage  quinine  hair 
tonic,    perfumery,    etc. 

78,055 — David    W.    Baldwin,    Seattle,   Wash.      Laxative    remedies. 

78,239 — Ford  Medicine  Co.,  Dotham,  Ala,  Liver  pills,  croup  and 
pneumonia   salve,   etc. 

78,470 — Basil    D'Emo,    Chicago.   111.      Laxatives. 

78,849— The  C.  B.  Woodworth  Sons  Co..  Rochester,  N.  Y.  A 
tooth   powder   and  tooth  wash   and  tooth   paste. 

78,912— J.    Milton    Wade.    Oklahoma.    Okla.     Tobacco   cure. 

79,458 — Mary  P.  Hynson,  New  York,  N.  Y.  Salve  for  the  pre- 
vention   of    skin    irritation. 

80,085 — Edward     E.     Burns,     Madison,     Neb. 
syrup. 

80,119 — Dombalagian    &    Nouskhajian,     Lynn,     Mass. 
remedy. 

80,311— Horace     Wilcox,     Wakefield,     R.     I. 
toilet   soap. 

80,408^Saenger  Bros.,  Shreveport,  La.  Remedy  for  the  liver  and 
kidneys. 

80,528 — Diamond   Chemical    Co.,    Brooklyn,    N.    Y.      An    emulsifier. 

80,640 — The  Curitite  Company,  Inc.,  West  Hoboken,  N.  J,  A 
salve    for    medicinal    purposes. 


Concentrated  cough 
Rheumatism 
Shaving    cream     and 


December,  1914] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


539 


PRICES    or    MANY    DRUGS    TEND    DOWNWARD 


Arrival    of   new    Supplies    and    light    Demand    is    the 
Reason — Carbolic    Acid    Higher 


D 

A- 
D- 
D- 

A- 
D- 

D- 
D- 
D- 


D- 
D- 
D- 
D- 
D- 
D- 

D- 
D- 

D- 


C- 
D- 


D- 
D- 
D- 

D- 

D- 
D- 
D- 

A- 

A- 
D- 

D— I 

D- 
D- 
D- 
D- 

D- 
D- 


See  pages  27  to  41  for  Prices  Current 
Changes  Since  Last  Report 

—Acacia,    Sorts    lb.  .22     - 

Sorts,   Sifted   lb.  .37     - 

-Acid,   Carbolic,  crystal,   bulk   lb.  ,52     - 

1-lb.   bottles     lb.  .56     - 

-Acid,   Citric,  crystal,  kegs   lb.  .66^- 

Less    lb.  .75     - 

-Acid,   Oxalic    lb.  .18     - 

Powdered    lb.  .23     - 

-Acid,  Phosphoric,  U.  S.  P lb.  .35     - 

Syrupy,   85   per  cent.. lb.  .35     - 

-Acid,  Salicylic,  1-lb.  cartons   lb.  .90     - 

Bulk     lb.  .85     - 

From  Gaultheria,  1-oz.  v.  ea.  .25     - 

-Acid,   Tartaric,   crystal    lb.  .55     - 

Powdered    lb.  .60     - 

-.-Vconite  Root,   German    lb.  .30     - 

Powdered     lb.  .36     - 

-Alcohol,  Cologne  Sp't,  95%,  U.  S.  P.,  bbls. 

gal. 

Less    gal.  2.78    - 

Com'l,  95%,  U.  S.  P.,  bbls.  . .  .gal. 

Less gal.  2.75     - 

-Alkanet   Root    lb.  ,20     - 

-Aloes,   Socotrine,   True    lb.  ,30     - 

-Althea   Root    lb,  ,45     - 

-Asafetida,  Powdered   lb,  ,80     - 

-Balsam  Tolu   lb,  .65     - 

-Bay  Rum,  Porto  Rican,  bbls gal.  1,60    - 

Less    gal.  1,85     - 

-Belladonna,   German    lb.  2.00     - 

-Benzoin,   Sumatra    lb.  .50    - 

Powdered     lb.  .60     - 

-Buchu  Leaves,  Long  lb.  1 ,65     - 

Powdered     lb.  1.75     - 

Short    lb.  1.85     - 

Powdered     lb.  1.95     - 

■Caffeine,    Citrated    lb.  5.75    - 

-Camphor,   Refined,    bbls lb.  .65     - 

;4-lb,-squares     lb.  .68     - 

Powdered     lb.  .75    - 

Japanese     lb.  .55     - 

-Canary  Seed,  Smyrna   lb.  .11     - 

-Cannabis  Indica  Herb   lb.  1.80     - 

-Cantharides,  Russian,  Sifted   lb.  6.00     - 

Powdered     lb.  6.75     — 

■Caraway     lb.  .12     — 

Powdered     lb.  .16    — 

-Carbon   Disulphide    lb.  .16     — 

■Cardamom   Seed,   Bleached    lb.  1,65     — 

-Celery  Seed   lb,  ,25     — 

Chamomile  Flowers,  Hungarian   lb,  ,47     — 

Roman  or  Belgian    lb,  ,47     — 

Cochineal,  Honduras  lb,  .70     — 

Powdered     lb.  ,80     - 

Codeine    oz.  7,00    — 

Phosphate     oz,  6.50     — 

Sulphate    oz.  6.75     — 

Copaiba,   South  American    lb.  .55     — 

Para      lb.  .55     - 

■Coumarin     oz.  .30     — 

■Cream   Tartar,   Powdered    lb.  .40     — 

■Creosote,   Beechwood     lb.  1.00     — 

Dandelion   Root    lb.  .38     — 

Cut      lb.  .40     — 

■Dog  Grass.   Cut   lb.  .30     — 

Dragon's  Blood,   Powdered    lb.  .40     — 

Reeds     lb.  .90     - 


-  .24 

-  .45 

-  .58 

-  .60 
-.61]/:, 

-  .80 

-  .25 

-  .28 

-  .40 

-  .40 

-  1.05 

-  1,00 

-  .30 

-  .60 

-  .65 

-  .34 

-  .40 

-  2,65 

-  2,90 

-  2.63 

-  2.85 

-  .24 

■  .36 

-  .50 

■  .90 

■  .70 

■  1,65 

■  2.00 

■  2,25 

•  .60 

■  .70 

•  1.7S 

■  1.85 
1.95 

■  2,05 

■  6.50 

.70 

.73 

.85 

.60 

.13 

1.95 

6.75 

7.00 

.15 

.18 

.20 

1.90 

.28 

.52 

.52 

.85 

.95 

7,50 

7.00 

7.25 

.65 

.65 

.40 

.45 

1.25 

,42 

,44 

.33 

.65 

1.00 


D— Ergot,  Russian   lb.  1.40     —  1 ,50 

Powdered     lb,  1 .60     —  1.65 

D— Fennel    Seed    lb.  .22     —     .32 

D— Galbanum,   Strained    lb.  1.15     —1.25 

D— Gamboge,   Powdered    lb.  1.10     —  1.20 

Select  Pipe    lb.  .85     —     .95 

D— Gentian  Root    lb.  ,21     —     .24 

Powdered     lb.  .26     —     .29 

D— Glycerin      lb.  .25     —     .32 

D — Grains  of  Paradise   lb.  .35     —     .40 

Powdered     lb.  .40     —     .45 

D — Guaiacol  Salicylate   (Guaiacol  Salol)     ..oz.  —  1.60 

D— Guarana    (PauUinia)     lb.  1.75     —1.90 

Powdered     lb.  2.00    —2,15 

D— Hemp  Seed   lb,  ,07     —     ,10 

A — Insect  Powder     lb.  .46     —     .52 

Pure  Uncol'd  Dalmatian lb.  ,65     —     ,75 

A — Ipecac  Root,   Carthagena    lb,  2,10     —  2,20 

Powdered     lb.  2.25     —2.35 

D— Lobelia  Seed,   Clean   lb.  .30    —     .35 

Powdered     lb.  .35     —     .40 

D — Lycopodium     lb.  .80     —     .85 

D— Mace,   Whole     lb.  .70     —     .75 

Powdered     lb.  .78     —     .83 

D — Magnesium   Sulphate    (Sal   Epsom)    ....lb.  .O31/2 —     .05 

D— Manna  Flake,  Large   lb.  .95     —  1 .00 

D— Menthol,    Crystal    lb.  2,90     —3.00 

D — Morphine,  Acetate,  Yt,  oz.  vials   oz.  5,85     —  6,05 

Alkaloid,  pure,  Yf,  oz,  vials  ...oz.  6.75     —  7.00 

Hydrobromide,   >^oz.  vials   ....oz.  6,25     —  6,50 

Hydrochloride,  ^  oz,  vials  ...oz.  5,70     —  5,90 

Sulphate,  1  oz,  vials oz.  5,45     —  5,60 

^  oz,  vials oz.  5.70     —5.90 

D— Myrrh   (Gum  Resin)    lb.  .28     —     .40 

A— Nutmegs     lb.  .25     —     .29 

Extra  Large,  80  to  lb lb.  .28    —     .32 

A — Nux  Vomica    lb.  .14     —     .16 

Powdered     lb.  .24     —     .28 

D— Oil  Aniseed,  Star   lb.  2.00     —2.25 

D— Oil   Bergamot    lb.  4.90     —  5,15 

D— Oil   Citronella    lb,  ,80     —  1,85 

D— Oil  Cloves   lb.  1,30    —  1,45 

D— Oil  Eucalyptus   lb,  ,70     —1,30 

A— Oil   Gaultheria  Leaf    lb,  4.65     —  4,96 

D— Oil   Lavender   Flowers    lb.  4.00     —  4.25 

D— Oil   Lemon    lb.  1,65     —  1,75 

D— Oil  Linseed,  Boiled   gal,  ,56    —     ,60 

Raw    gal.  .54     —     .58 

D— Oil  Mustard,  Artificial   lb.  2.75     —  3.00 

Essential      oz.  .50     —     .65 

A— Oil,  Neatsfoot   gal.  .75     —  1.15 

D— Oil  Orange,  Bitter   lb.  3,25     —  3,50 

Sweet    lb,  2,00     —2,15 

D— Oil  Pennyroyal   lb,  1.85     —  1.95 

D— Oil  Peppermint,  New  York lb.  1.85     —  1.95 

Hotchkiss    lb.  2.75     —3.00 

Western      lb.  1,85     -1,95 

D— Oil  Rose,  Kissanlik    oz.  12,50     —13,00 

D— Oil   Spearmint     lb,  1,90     —2,15 

A— Oil   Sassafras    lb,  ,85     —     ,95 

D— Oil  Wintergreen   lb.  4.65     —  4,90 

Synthetic      lb,  ,80     —     ,90 

D— Opium,  Natural   lb,  9,75     —10,25 

Granulated    lb,  12,50     —13,50 

U,  S.  P.  Powdered   lb.  12.40     —13.50 

A— Pepper,  Black,  Clean  Sifted   lb.  .18    —     .22 

A— Pink   Root,   True    lb.  .80     —     .85 

D— Podoplivllin    (resin)     lb.  4.00     —4.50 

D— Poppy   Seed.   Blue    (Maw)    lb.  .15     —     .18 

D— Potassium  Bitartrate,  Ref.  (Cream  Tar.)  lb.  .40    —     .45 

D— Potassium  Chlorate   lb.  .22     —     .26 

Powdered     lb.  .24     —     .28 

Purified    lb.  .26     —     .30 

D— Potassium   Citrate    lb.  .70    —     .80 


590 


THE   rilAKMACEUTICAL   ERA 


[December,   1914 


D — Potassium    Permanganate    lb.  .35 

Pure,    Powdered    lb.  .43 

A — Quinine  Sulphate.  100  oz.  tins oz.  .29 

5-oz.    tins    oz.  .31 

1-oz.  vials  oz.  .34 

A — Saffron,  American   (Safflowcr)     lb.     .55 

D — Saffron,  Spanish,  True  Valencia   lb.  14.50 

D— Saff  rol    lb.  .40 

D— Salicin    lb.  5.25 

A— Salol    lb.  1.35 

D — Sandarac,  Gum,  Clean   lb.  .32 

D — Santonine    oz.  2.85 

D — Senega  Root   lb.  .65 

Powdered    lb.  .73 

A — Senna  Leaves,  Alexandria   lb.  .65 

D — Silver   Nitrate    oz.  .44 

Fused,  Cones   oz.  .45 

Stick   (Lunar  Caustic)    oz.  .48 

D— Soap  Tree  Bark,  Whole  lb.  .20 

Cut     lb.  .20 

D — Sodium    Benzoate    lb.  .90 

D — Sodium  Salicylate    lb.  1.00 

From  Oil  Wintergreen oz.  .25 

D — Spruce  Gum   lb.  1 .00 

Extra    lb.  1.50 

D — Squill  Root.   White    lb.  .13 

A — Storax,   Liquid    lb.  .45 

T> — Stramonium  Leaves     lb.  .28 

Powdered    lb.  .35 

D — Tamarinds     kegs.  2.80 

A — Tartar   Emetic    lb.  .46 

D— Thymol     lb.  6.50 

D — Tragacanth,  Aleppo,  Extra   lb.  2.30 

No.   1    lb.  2.00 

D — Turpentine,   Venice    lb.  .38 

T> — \'anillin    oz.  .45 

D— Wax,   Bay    lb.  .30 

NOTE — A,    advanced;    D,    declined;    C,    correction; 


N, 


-  .38 

-  .48 

-  .30 

-  .34 

-  .37 

-  .60 
-15.50 

-  .45 

-  5.50 

-  1.45 

-  .36 

-  3.00 

-  .70 
-'    .81 

-  .70 

-  .48 

-  .49 

-  .51 

-  .23 

-  .25 

-  1.00 

-  1.10 

-  .32 

-  1.10 

-  1.65 

-  .16 

-  .55 

-  .35 

-  .40 

-  3.00 

-  .56 

-  7.50 

-  2.40 

-  2.25 

-  .43 

-  .55 

-  .35 
new. 


NEW  YORK,  Nov.  23. — The  most  noticeable  characteris- 
tic of  the  above  changes  in  prices  for  the  period  under 
review  is  the  large  number  of  declines,  many  articles 
being  very  much  lower  than  the  lowest  quotations  reported  a 
month  ago.  The  advances  are  accentuated  by  the  smallness  of 
the  number  reported,  the  more  important  being  carbolic  acid, 
phosphoric  acid,  both  U.  S.  P.  and  syrupy;  chamomile  flowers, 
cochineal,  ipecac  root  (Carthagena),  insect  powder,  nutmegs, 
oil  of  gaultheria  leaf,  black  pepper,  salol,  liquid  storax  and  tar- 
tar emetic,  .^s  is  customary  near  the  close  of  the  year,  buyers 
have  been  restricting  their  purchases  to  current  requirements, 
and  this  fact  together  with  the  desire  on  the  part  of  a  con- 
siderable number  of  holders  to  realize  on  their  stocks,  has 
not  been  without  influence  on  prices.  Importations  have  been 
rather  light  in  some  quarters,  but  the  export  situation  has 
shown  some  improvement,  particularly  in  the  line  of  hea\'y 
chemicals,  acids,  alkalies,  etc. 

Oph'II — Quotations  are  lower  than  they  were  a  month  ago, 
jobbers  asking  $9.75@$10.25  per  pound  for  natural,  $12  50@ 
S13.50  for  granulated,  and  $12.40@$13.50  for  U.  S.  P.  pow- 
dered. The  supply  on  hand  is  fairly  large,  but  it  is  believed 
that  further  advances  will  develop,  as  the  cessation  of  shipments 
from  Turkey  and  all  its  possessions  renders  it  impossible  to 
duplicate  existing  supplies.  According  to  Government  statis- 
tics, the  importations  for  the  nine  months  ending  September 
30,  1914,  were  271,926  pounds,  valued  at  $1,210,274,  as  against 
532,575  pounds,  valued  at  $2,315,978  for  the  corresponding 
period  last  year. 

MORPHIXE — Following  manufacturers'  quotations,  jobbers 
have  marked  down  prices  for  this  alkaloid  and  all  of  its  salts, 
as  follows:  Alkaloid,  '/g  oz.  vials,  $6.75@$7  per  ounce;  acetate,' 
%  oz.  vials,  $5.85@$6.05  per  ounce;  hydrobromide,  %  oz.  vialsi 
S6.25@$6.50  per  ounce;  hydrochloride,  %  oz.  vials,  $5.70@ 
S5.90  per  ounce;  sulphate,  1-oz.  vials,  $5.45@$S.60  per  ounce; 
in  %  oz.  vials,  $5.70@$5.90  per  ounce.  There  is  some  demand 
for  export. 

Codeine — Domestic  manufacturers  have  also  lowered  their 
quotations  on  this  alkaloid  and  its  salts,  the  present  jobbing 
prices  being  $7@$7.50  per  ounce  for  the  alkaloid,  $6.50@ 
$7   for  phosphate,   and  $6.75@S7.2S   for  sulphate. 

Quinine — While  outside  lots  of  foreign  sulphate  are  being 
offered  at  the  basic  figure  of  26  cents  in  100-oz.  tins,  jobbers 
are   quoting   from   this  figure  up   to  30   cents,   with   the  usual 


advances  for  smaller  packages.  Reports  are  persistent  th*. 
there  is  a  heavy  foreign  demand  and  that  evcntu.illy  this  wilt 
cause  an  advance  in  prices.  Shipments  of  Java  cinchona  bark 
will  be  made  direct  to  the  United  States  following  several 
recent  s;ilcs  where  the  bark  was  bought  for  delivery  here  in- 
stead of  being  sent  to  Amsterdam  as  in  former  years.  Advices 
from  Holland  state  that  50,000  ounces  of  quinine  salts  which 
were  to  be  offered  at  the  auction  two  weeks  ago  were  with- 
drawn when  no  bids  in  excess  of  22  5^  florins  a  kilo  could  be 
obtained.  No  changes  are  reported  in  the  quotations  for  other 
quinine  salts. 

Menthol — Replenished  stocks  have  caused  local  holders  to 
reduce  jirices,  crystals  being  obtainable  at  $2.90@$3  per  pound. 
Reports  from  London  indicate  an  improved  demand  there  and 
higher  prices  are   looked   for. 

T.\RT.\Ric  .\C1D — Conditions  are  easier  following  the  arrival 
of  additional  .supplies,  jobbers  now  quoting  55@60c  per  pound; 
powdered,   60@6Sc  per  pound. 

Cream  T.\Rr.\R — In  sympathy  with  tartaric  acid,  powdered 
cream  tartar  has  been  marked  down  to  40@45c  per  pound. 

Creosote — Following  a  revision  of  schedules  by  manufac- 
turers, jobbers  have  marked  down  prices  for  beechwood  grades 
of  U.  S.  P.  standard  and  now  quote  $1@$1.25  per  pound. 

Copaiba — Supplies  of  all  varieties  have  recently  arrived  in 
this  market  and  prices  are  lower,  both  South  American  and 
Para   being   obtainable   at   55@65c   per  pound. 

Oil  Lemon — The  market  in  Sicily  holds  firm,  according  to> 
latest  advices,  but  with  constantly  arriving  shipments  the  price 
situation  here  has  marked  a  decline,  and  jobbers  ask  $1.65@ 
$1.75  per  pound. 

On.  Orange — The  market  appears  to  be  overstocked  and 
prices  are  lower,  bitter  being  quoted  at  $3.25@$3.50  per  pound 
and  sweet  at  $2@S2.15  per  pound.  Predictions  are  made  that 
from  now  until  early  Spring  the  demand  will  be  small  for  all 
Messina  essences,  and  owing  to  abundant  supplies  prices  may 
go  still  lower. 

Oil  Mustard — Both  the  artificial  and  essential  grades  are 
lower,  the  former  being  obtainable  at  $2.75@![;3  per  pound,  and 
the  latter  at  50@65c  per  ounce. 

Oil  Sassafras — In  the  face  of  a  more  pronounced  demand 
this  oil  has  advanced  to  85@95c  per  pound. 

Oil  Aniseed — Has  declined  to  $2@$2.25  per  pound.  The 
reason  for  this  seems  to  be  in  the  fact  that  large  amounts  of 
money  are  tied  up  in  holdings,  and  that  foreigners  are  only 
willing  to  do  business  on  a  spot  cash  basis. 

Oil  Peppermint — Arrivals  of  new  crop  goods  have  largely 
increased  supplies  in  this  market  and  all  grades  are  lower,  the 
following  quotations  representing  the  range  of  prices:  New 
York,  ?1.85@$1.95;  Hotchkiss,  ?2.75@$3;  Western,  $1.80@ 
$1.95.  Exports  to  Europe  have  declined  considerably  during 
the  last  two  months. 

Oil  Cloves — Following  a  recent  decline  in  the  spice,  this  oil 
has  been  reduced  to  $1.30@$1.45  per  pound. 

Salicin — Has  further  declined,  and  is  now  obtainable  in 
jobbing  quantities  at  $5.25@S.50  per  pound. 

S.-iNTONiNE — Is  also  lower  and  now  quoted  at  $2.85@$3 
per  ounce. 

Silver  Nitrate — Following  a  reduction  in  the  cost  of  bar 
silver  this  salt  in  crystals  has  been  marked  down  to  44@48c 
per  ounce;  fused  cones,  45@49c;  stick  (lunar  caustic),  48(§51c. 

Caffeine — Keen  competition  has  induced  manufacturers  to 
revise  their  prices  on  citrated,  which  jobbers  now  quote  at 
$5.75(§$6.50  per  pound. 

Coumarin — More  liberal  supplies  and  lack  of  demand  have 
caused  a  lowering  of  quotations  to  30(@40c  per  ounce. 

Ergot — Recent  accumulations  of  stocks  and  light  orders  is 
given  as  the  reason  for  lower  prices  for  Russian,  which  is  now 
quoted  at  $1.40@$1.50  per  pound  for  whole,  and  pow^dered 
at  S1.60@$1,7S. 

Guaran.\ — The  arrival  of  large  supplies  in  this  market 
which  in  former  years  were  sent  to  Germany  has  caused  a 
notable  decline  in  prices,  and  good  quality  gum  is  now  ob- 
tainable at  $1.75@$1.90  per  pound  for  whole,  and  $2@?2.15  for 
powdered. 

Thymol — Stocks  are  in  good  supply  and  quotations  have 
been  lowered  to  $6.50(g$7.50  per  pound. 

V.ANILLIN — Increased  supplies  are  in  evidence  and  revised 
quotations  show  a  decline  to  45(SJ55c  ounce. 

Ipecac — Despite  recent  arrivals  of  Carthagena  quotations 
show  an  advance  in  jobbers'  prices,  S2.10@$2.20  being  asked 
for  whole,  and  $2.25(g$2.35  for  powdered.  Rio  is  unchanged 
in  price,   but  is  firmly  maintained  at   last  month's  quotations.    ^ 


December,  191i] 


THE  PHARMACEUTICAL  ERA 


591 


Aloes — Socotrine  is  lower  at  30@36c  per  pound.  Cape  is 
"unchanged.  During  the  eight  months  ended  -August  last  ex- 
ports of  aloes  from  the  Union  of  South  .Africa  totalled  638,772 
pounds  valued  at  £7.047,  compared  with  exports  of  393,470 
valued  at  i4,533   during  the  corresponding  period  in   1913. 

Camphor — Large  arrivals  are  reported  and  the  demand  light, 
with  a  reduction  in  quotations  to  65@70c  per  pound  in  bar- 
rels for  refined;  6S@73c  per  pound  for  }4-lt>.  squares,  75@85c 
for  powdered,  and  55@60c  for  Japanese. 

C-\XTH.-UiiDES — Sifted  Russian  is  in  good  supply  and  lower 
at  $6@S6.75  per  pound;  powdered,  $6.75@$7. 

M.-\GNESIUJI  SuLPHJVTE — Competition  among  manufacturers 
and  lack  of  demand  has  caused  an  easement  in  prices,  and  job- 
bers now  quote  354(S5c  per  pound. 

Lycopodium — Increased  offerings  and  a  lack  of  demand 
are  responsible  for  tlie  decline  in  quotations,  80@8Sc  per  pound 
being  asked. 


PHOTOGRAPHIC    BUSINESS   UNAFFECTED 
BY  WAR 


WEEKLY  IMPORT  REPORTS 


Weekly  Drug  Markets  is  making  a  feature  of  reporting  in 
■detail  tlie  imports  of  drugs,  chemicals,  perfumeries,  etc.,  at  the 
port  of  New  York.  These  arrivals  are  of  interest  not  only  to 
manufacturers  and  jobbers,  but  to  pharmacists  and  physicians 
as  well.  The  reports  include  ilonday's  manifests  of  each  week 
and  furnish  an  excellent  line  on  market  supplies. 


ITEW  HOME  FOR  SHARP  AND  DOHME 


Structure  Embodies  New  Architectural  Ideas  and  is 
One  of  the  Finest  Business  Building's  in  Baltimore 


Baltimore,  Nov.  16. — Sharp  &  Dohme,  manufacturing  chem- 
ists at  Howard  and  Pratt  streets,  have  moved  into  their  new 
addition,  on  Pratt  street,  which  has  been  erected  at  large  cost. 
The  six  story  and  basement  edifice  has  a  front  of  rough  faced 
brownish-gray  brick,  with  antique  green  trimmings,  a  recessed 
facade,  and  ornamental  balcony  running  along  the  sixth  floor, 
with  wide  cornice  and  other  attractive  architectural  features. 
The  style  may  be  called  a  modified  Italian.  The  building  cov- 
ers a  space  70  by  70  feet,  and  will  give  the  company  about 
35,000  square  feet  of  additional  floor  space,  counting  the  base- 
ment, which  is  roomy  and  well  lighted.  There  has  also  been 
■erected  in  the  court  an  engine  house,  large  enough  for  a  new 
engine  and  electric  generator  of  about  twice  the  capacity  of 
the  one  at  present  in  use,  and  other  machinery,  which  will  give 
ample  power  and  other  facilities. 

The  first  floor  will  be  taken  up  with  the  city  order  and 
.  delivery  and  stock  room  departments.  'The  second  floor  also 
l'  will  be  used  as  a  stock  room.  On  the  third  floor  will  be  the 
j  pill  department.  On  the  south  half  of  the  fourth  floor  will 
8  he  the  tablet  finishing  machinery  and  other  appliances,  while 
(  the  north  side  will  be  taken  up  with  hypodermics  and  other 
I      high  priced  drugs. 

y  On  the  fifth  floor  will  be  the  offices,  ■ivith  private  rooms  for 

the  officers,  a  board  meeting  room,  a  reception  room  for  visi- 
tors and  other  conveniences.  The  cashier  and  assistants,  to- 
gether with  tlie  bookkeepers,  will  also  be  on  this  floor, 
the  ceiling  of  which  is  packed  with  mineral  wool,  so  as  to 
■deaden  sound  and  keep  down  dust.  On  the  sixth  floor  are  to 
he  the  gelatine  machines.  There  are  steel  vaults  on  every 
floor,  and  the  plant  is  equipped  with  automatic  fire  apparatus 
and  safety  devices. 

The  new  machinery  to  be  installed  is  of  the  most  advanced 
type  and  so  constructed  as  to  eliminate  superfluous  handling. 
Complete  provision  is  also  to  be  found  for  the  comfort  of  the 
employes,  who  will  have  rest  and  lunch  rooms,  lockers  and 
other  conveniences.  The  architects.  Ellicott  &  Emmart,  in 
drawing  the  plans,  have  endeavored  to  embody  in  the  new 
structure  the  latest  architectural  ideas,  but  also  to  meet  the 
special  requirements  of  the  company.  This  they  have  done 
and  the  structure  is  an  ornament  to  the  neighborhood,  and  one 
of   the  most   attractive   business  buildings   in   the   city. 


Brooklyn  Druggists  Addressed  by  Dr.  Jacob  Diner 

Dr.  Jacob  Diner.  pro-Dean  of  Fordham  University  School 
of  Pharmacy,  recently  addressed  a  meeting  of  pharmacists  held 
at  the  Brooklyn  College  of  Pharmacy.  A  point  developed  by 
Dr.  Diner  in  the  course  of  his  remarks  was  that  the  physicians 
were  largely  responsible  for  the  introduction  of  proprietary 
medicines. 


Picture    Making    Days    Are    Not    Over  —  Interesting 

Interview    with    Fred    K.    Townsend    of   the 

Seneca    Camera    Co. 


i  ^fT^HE  photographic  business  of  America  is  proceeding 
I  on  the  even  tenor  of  its  way,  unaffected  by  the  great 
■^  war.  Retail  dealers  can  take  heart  and  be  reassured, 
while  professional  and  amateur  photographers. should  know  as 
well,  that  picture-making  days  are  not  over."  So  Fred  K. 
Townsend,  treasurer  and  general  manager  of  the  Seneca  Camera 
Mfg.  Co.,  expressed  himself  to  a  representative  of  the  Era 
who  considered  himself  fortunate  in  being  able  to  visit  the 
complete  and  modem  plant  of  the  company  in  Rochester  a 
short  time  ago.  The  Seneca  Camera  Mfg.  Co.,  as  almost 
every  one  interested  in  photography  knows,  stands  next  to  the 
Kodak  Company  in  size,  and  successfully  competes  with  the 
latter  in  the  excellence  of  its  goods. 

"I  realize,  of  course,"  continued  Mr,  Townsend,  "that  this 
announcement  will  come  as  a  great  shock  to  our  'war  corres- 
pondents' here  at  home.  These  imaginative  gentlemen  have 
been  doing  their  level  best  to  have  the  photographic  trade  tied 
up  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific,  but  they  have  failed  utter- 
ly, and  you  can  say  for  me  that  my  announcement  is  official." 

"Why,  I  have  read  in  the  daily  papers  that  there  would 
never  be  any  more  glass  plates  for  use  in  this  country,  because 
there  was  no  flat  glass  made  in  this  country,  for  the  only  flat 
glass  manufactured  was  that  made  at  Liege,  Belgium,  and  there 
would  never  be  any  more.  And  for  photographic  paper!  the 
Germans  had  ceased  to  make  it,  the  mills  -were  all  shut  down, 
the  people  who  knew  the  secret  process  -were  all  dead,  and  the 
art  was  a  lost  one.  And  the  simplest  chemicals  used  in  pho- 
tography, the  small  supply  in  existence,  had  risen  to^  prices 
in  the  radium  class.  The  same  conditions  were  ascribed  to 
lenses,  because  the  glass  came  from  Jena.  And  there  was  to 
be  no  leather  for  covering  cameras,  because  Russia  was  shut 
off!  Well,  you  can  see  for  yourself  that  our  business  is  run- 
ning full  tilt,  and  we  are  not  back-ordering  anything." 

Mr.  Townsend  convinced  the  Era  representative  that  the 
camera  industry  would  not  suffer  through  an  impossibility  to 
secure  raw  material,  a  fact  which  druggists  and  dealers  of 
the  country  should  realize.  And  he  also  added,  "the  interest 
in  amateur  photography  was  never  so  great,  nor  the  oppor- 
tunity to  start  a  retail  camera  shop  ever  so  good." 

Major's  Cement  in  New  10-cent  Size 

The  Major  Mfg.  Co..  of  this  city,  are  sending  a  letter  to 
druggists  calling  attention  to  their  new  10-cent  size  of  Major's 
Cement,  a  J^-dozen  of  which  they  will  send  free  to  druggists 
who  do  not  carry  it  in  stock  and  who  ^^■ill  make  a  request 
for  the  same  on  the  postal  sent  to  dealers  by  the  company. 
This  new  size  is  being  extensively  advertised,  and  is  a  good 
seller,  and  druggists  should  have  some  in  stock  to  supply  the 
demands  they  are  sure  to  have  for  it.  Like  the  wellknown  15c 
size  of  Major's  Cement,  the  10c  size  is  put  up  in  neat  and 
attractivs  display  boxes,  and  when  placed  on  the  show  case 
the  cement  sells  itself.     Write  to  the  company  for  particulars. 


J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.  Reduce  Prices 
The  J.  Hungerford  Smith  Co.,  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  announce 
that  on  account  of  the  reduction  in  the  price  of  sugar,  they 
have  reduced  prices  in  their  list  to  the  prices  which  prevailed 
previous  to  the  advances  made  in  .August.  The  only  exceptions 
to  this  reduction  are  the  prices  of  their  Walnut  Sundae,  which 
remains  at  S24  per  dozen,  and  Fruit  Acid,  which  remains  at 
$4.50  per  gallon. 

Ohio  Board  Suspends  Licenses  for  Year 
The  Ohio  State  Board  of  Pharmacy  at  Columbus,  on  No- 
vember 7  announced  the  suspension  for  a  year  of  Robert  Bieg- 
man,  of  Cincinnati,  who  was  charged  with  being  addicted  to 
the  use  of  intoxicating  liquors,  and  of  C.  Edwin  Snyder,  of 
Zanesville.  for  a  similar  period,  the  board  declaring  that  he 
had  admitted  forging  a  certificate  as  a  registered  pharmacist 
when  he  was  in  reality  only  an  assistant  pharmacist.  It  is 
stated  that  both  men  will  get  their  licenses  back  at  the  end 
of  the  suspension  period  if  their  conduct  in  the  interim  is 
.■satisfactory. 


592 


THE  PHAR^IACEUTICAL  ERA 


[December,   1914 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy 

Information  for  Era  Course  Students 


The  Era  Course  in  Pharrnacy  is  a  systematic  home-study  course, 
designed  to  give  a  theoretical  and  working  knowledge  of  Phar- 
niacy.  and  *.niended  especially  tor  young  men  and  women  who 
cmnnot  attend  a  college.  It  is  divided  into  ten  Parts  and  58  Lec- 
tures; it  can  be  completed  in  a  year  or  less,  depending  on  the 
experience  of  the  Student;  its  cost  is  merely  nominal.  A  com- 
plcte   Prospectus  can   be   bad   by  addressing 

Director   Era   Covkse   in    Ph.\rmacy, 

cyo  D.  O.  HAV.WES  &■  CO., 

No.  3   P.\RK   Pi_\cE,  Xew   York. 

CLIMBING  THE  LADDER  IN  OHIO 


How  an  Ambitious  Young  Lady  is  Laying  the  Foun- 
dations   for    a    Pharmaceutical    Career 


THIS  month  we  are  glad  to  be  able  to  introduce  to  Era 
Course  students,"  and  to  aU  those  young  people  who 
have  any  inclination  to  take  up  pharmacy  in  a  serious 
manner,  one  of  the  recent  graduates  of  the  Course.  Miss  Helen 
il.  Davis,  of  .Akron.  Ohio.  Miss  Davis  made  the  noteworthy 
mark  of  96  per  cent  as  her  graduating 
average.  Her  own  words  best  describe 
her  efforts  toward  securing  adequate  in- 
struction and  training  in  drug  store 
work: 

"I  started  in  business  with  the  Col- 
lins Drug  Co.  as  a  soda  dispenser,  with 
instructions  that  I  should  learn  to  sell 
all  the  side  lines,  such  as  cigars,  per- 
fumes and  toilet  articles.  Having  a 
liking  for  the  business,  I  entered  into 
that  part  with  considerable  vigor.  Later 
I  concluded  that  I  would  like  to  leam 
the  entire  business  and  become  a  phar- 
macist.    But  as  I  was  unable  to  attend . 


a  college   of  pharmacy,   I   concluded   to 


Miss  Helex  M.  Dwis 


take  up  your  Course,  with  what  results  " 

you  already  know. 

""I  was  very  fond  of  the  drug  business,  and  was  permitted  to 
make  up  pharmaceutical  preparations  under  the  direction  of 
the  proprietor. 

"Your  Course  has  been  very  beneficial  to  me.  The  instruc- 
tion was  such  that  I  was  led  to  look  up  and  study  a  great 
many  things  that  I  might  have  overlooked  without  an  instruc- 
tor, and  I  feel  that  your  Lectures  have  been  of  unbounded 
benefit  to  me.  I  will  cheerfully  recommend  your  Course  to 
anyone  having  the  desire  to  leam  the  drug  business." 


When  Preparing  for  College 
ilr.  Bley  C.  Grant,  of  Worden,  111.,  is  more  fortunate  than 
the  majoritj-  of  young  men  employed  in  drug  stores,  as  he 
intends  to  spend  two  years  at  a  college  of  pharmacy.  But  as 
the  first  step,  and  in  order  to  obtain  a  firm  ground  work  for 
his  later  studies,  he  enrolled  as  an  Era  Course  student,  and 
finished  the  work  with  great  credit  to  himself.  His  opinion 
of  the  Course  is  contained  in  a  letter  recently  received  from 
him; 

"I  am  eighteen  years  of  age,  and  will  graduate  from  the 
EdwardsWUe  High  School  ne.vt  spring.  I  have  had  twenty 
months  experience  in  the  drug  business  at  Pearce's  Pharmacy, 
under  Mr.  Edward  Pearce.  I  e.vpect  to  enter  a  college  of 
pharmacy  at  the  next  fall  session,  and  take  a  two-year 
cotirse.     I  will  then  take  up  pharmacy  as  my  future  vocation. 

".\fter  taking  the  Era  Course  in  Pharmacy.  I  find  that  it  is 
well  worth  the  time  and  money;  in  fact,  to  such  an  extent 
that  I  would  not  take  twice  the  price  for  what  I  have  learned. 
Pharmacj'  is  not  learned  in  a  single  day,  but  by  gradual 
steps.  The  Er.\  Course  is  the  first  step  in  the  preparation  of 
a  good  pharmacist." 


Passed  Two  Boards 

"Your  Course  was  a  great  help  to  me  in  passing  both  the 
Illinois  and  Indiana  State  Boards  for  full  registration." — 
Harry  S.  Spoxcberg,  Rockford.  111. 

"In  regard   to  the  Er.i   Course  in   Pharmac}-,   the   fact   that 


1  passed  the  recent  Kentucky  Board  examination  speaks  for 
itself.  I  would  advise  any  person  expecting  to  take  the  State 
Board  e.xainination  to  enroll  as  a  student,  in  addition  to  at- 
tending college  if  possible.  However.  I  did  not  go  to  college 
:nysolf,  but  studied  at  home  and  used  your  Lectures." — Chas, 
V.  B.\RTH0L0ME\v,  Ft.  Thomas,  Ky. 


Graduates  to  November  20,  1914 

Matriculation  Graduating 

Xumber.  A'<-crage. 

779A — Joseph  .A.  Morris,  Fall  River,  Mass 94 

S109— Miss  Helen  M.  Davis,  .\kron,  Ohio 96 

8330 — Chas.  F.  Bartholomew,  Ft.  Thomas,  Ky 93 


Advertises    a    Square    Deal    Policy 

The  Radtlifie  Drug  Co..  of  Hamilton,  O.,  has  been  using 
newspaper  space  to  good  effect,  not  so  much  in  advertising  its 
goods  as  in  placing  its  square-deal  policy  before  the  public.  A 
recent  advertisement  on  this  subject  ran  as  follows:  "We  know 
that  we  cannot  continue  to  increase  our  business  imless  we 
give  the  people  a  square  deal.  It  makes  no  difference  whether 
you  buy  a  sponge  or  a  cigar,  a  box  of  our  fine  chocolates  or  a 
stick  of  our  toothache  wax,  a  man's  comb  or  a  brush  for  baby's 
silken  locks,  a  gbss  of  our  delicious  soda-water  or  a  hot-water 
bottle,  we  want  you  to  be  satisfied,  so  that  you  will  come  again. 
\Ve  take  a  personal  interest  in  this  business  and  in  the  patron- 
age of  our  customers.  Let  this  be  an  urgent  request  that  if 
at  any  time  you  feel  that  the  article  that  you  bought  has  not 
given  the  full  value  expected,  you  will  give  us  the  pleasure  of 
personally  adjusting  your  complaint,  ilore  we  cannot  do, 
and  we  would  not  do  less." 


Wisconsin  Insurance  Amendment  Defeated 
Wisconsin  druggists  who  listened  to  the  appeal  sent  out  some 
time  ago  by  the  American  Druggists'  Fire  Insurance  Co.,  of 
Cinciimati,  did  their  share  in  bringing  about  the  decisive 
defeat  of  the  proposed  ten  amendments  to  the  constitution. 
The  two  amendments  which  aimed  to  establish  a  system  of 
state  insurance  and  the  two  which  the  druggists  were  asked 
to  vote  against,  were  simply  snowed  under  by  adverse  votes, 
the  vote  against  ranging  from  four  to  one  to  ten  to  one.  The 
proposed  amendments  were  so  broad  in  their  construction  that 
they  might  have  allowed  the  state  to  engage  in  any  line  of 
business,   the  drug  business  included. 


Mantifacturers  Make  Exhibit  for  Dentists 
BosTOX,  Nov.  15. — The  recent  exhibit  in  connection  with 
the  20th  armual  meeting  of  the  Xortheastem  Dental  .-Association 
at  the  Copley  Plaza,  resembled  in  some  respects  a  drug  exposi- 
tion. The  large  ball  room  was  used  for  the  exhibition,  and 
among  the  e.xhibitors  were  the  Charles  H.  Philhps  Chemical 
Co.,  Xew  York;  the  Lavoris  Chemical  Co..  Miimeapolis;  the 
Denver  Chemical  Co.,  Xew  York;  the  ^'emas  Chemical  Co., 
Xew  York;  the  Kress-Owen  Co.,  Xew  York;  Hance  Brothers 
&  Co.,  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Apothecaries,  Astoria, 
X".  Y.  Other  allied  exhibitors  included  Colgate  &  Co.,  the  Koly- 
nos  Co.,  and  Horlicks  Malted  Milk  Co. 


Stock  of  Kiker-Hegeman  Co.  at  S5  per  Share 
Riker-Hegeman  Co.  stockholders,  at  a  recent  special  meeting, 
voted  to  change  the  par  value  of  the  stock  from  $100  to  $5  a 
share.  The  number  of  common  shares  was  increased  from 
100.000  to  2.CW.O00  and  the  preferred  from  50.000  to 
1,000,000.  The  preferred  stock  may  be  retired  at  any  interest 
date  at  S5.50  at  the  option  of  the  directors  upon  three  months' 
notice. 


Statement  of  Ownership,  Management,  etc. 
Statement  of  the  ownership,  management  etc.,  of  Thb 
PH.\RMACEunc.u.  Era,  published  monthly  at  X>w  York,  X'.  Y., 
as  required  by  the  Act  of  August  2-t.  1912,  Section  467}4,  Pos- 
tal Laws  and  Regulations:  Editor  and  managing  editor,  E.  J. 
Keimedy;  business  manager.  D.  O.  Ha>Ties;  publishers,  D.  O. 
Ha\Ties  &  Co.,  all  of  No.  3  Park  Place,  X'ew  York.  Owner, 
D.  O.  Haj-nes,  Xo.  3  Park  Place.  Xew  York.  No  bonds, 
mortgages  or  other  securities  issued.  Signed.  D.  O.  Ha>T.es 
&  Co.,  by  D.  O.  Ha\-nes.  President.  Sworn  and  subscribed  to 
before  P.  Frank  Sonnelc  Notar>'  Public,  Queens  Co.,  X".  Y  on 
October  5,  1914.     Commission  expires  March  30,  1915.   f 


ON.TA8IQ 

COLLEGE  OF  PHARMACY 

44    GERRARD  ST.   E. 
TORONTO. 


SERIAL 


RS  The  Phaxmaceutlcal  era 

1 

D7532 

logical 
r.ledical 


Or>ITA«IO 

COLLEGE  OF  PHARMACY 

44    GERRARD  ST.  E. 
TORONTO.