The photographic history of the civil war..

The Photographic History
of The Civil War

In Ten Volumes

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The publishers desire to express in this final volume a particular obligation to members of the special editorial force which
has carried the Photographic History to completion. It was impossible for the staff of the Review of Reviews, at the beginning
of the undertaking, to estimate its extent. To construct ten large volumes, to avoid controversy throughout, yet to obtain an
unique comprehensiveness by a concentration of interest on the particular war-time activity treated in each volume separately —
this involved a new departure in editorial effort. Even with the cordial cooperation of many distinguished contributors, the
task — as a result of the novelty of the plan — far exceeded expectations, and called for a high degree of discrimination, application,
and resource. These calls have been met most faithfully. Special mention is due George L. Kilmer, late U. S. V., Militarj- Editor,
whose lifelong devotion to the literature and records of the Civil War has endowed him with a sympathy, and an exact knowledge
of events, that have rendered of utmost value his critical reading of both text and captions. From Mr. George H. Casamajor,
Historical Editor, the text has received a minute scrutiny in manuscript and proof, coupled with painstaking historical research
and investigation, imparting in no small degree its accuracy of statement and harmony of narrative. Mr. Herbert T. Wade, as
Ijiterary Editor, has developed and organized the text, from the initial extensive correspondence and negotiations in the obtaining
of adequate contributions, to seeing the pages through the press. One and all have cooperated unsparingly, with many personal
sacrifices. No small stimulus has come from the actuality of the photographic collection which the text seeks to complement.
And all have felt the inspiration of this opportunity — to present the immense facts of Civil War bravery and tragedy in a torm
that is sympathetic and universal.

Thanks are due to many friends who have supplied rare and valuable photographs since the acknowledgments in Volume I
went to press: Gen. G. W. C. Lee, C. &. A.; Col. E. F. Austin; R. B. Breen; Berry Benson, C. S. A.; Miss Sarah A. Smyth; W. H.
Chamberlain, U. S. V.; Lieut-Col. Andrew Cowan U. S. V.; John Daniel, Jr., Late 7th Infantry, N. G. N. Y.; E. Drigg; Loyall
Farrngut ; Miss A. L. C;ill; Gen. Theodore S. Peck, U. S. V.; Col. C. F. Horner; James Howe; Mrs. T. M. Steger; C. D. MacDougall;
Miss Conlflia Jackson; Mrs. John M. Keil- Gen. W E. LeDue, U. S. V.; A. W. I.anneau, C. S. A.; J. T. Lockwood, U. S. V.;
Chas. L. McClung, V. S. N.; E. E. Patton; Walter A. Clark; A. K. Cl.ark, C. S. A.; F. T. Pcet; Miss Vera Pettit; Capt. Geo. J.
Schmutz; A. Smith; Thomas W. Smith; Hon. H. L. Wait; D. H. Kerner; Rev. Thos. C.Walker; Jas. H.Ware; Mrs. Thos. S.Wil-
liams; Dr. D. H. Lamb; Capt. Robert L. Morris, C. S. A.; Ambrose Lee.

General General General General General General General General

James John W. John B. Robert D. P. G. T. Lewis Henry A. Joseph L.

Connor (Jeary Magruder Lillet Beauregard Wallace Wise Brent

COPYRfGHT, 1911, RE^/IEW OF REVIEWS CO.

Blacque General Geoiu:e W. W. James

Bey R. E. Lee Peabody Corcoran Lyons

"SOLDIERS AND CITIZENS"

ROBERT E. LEE WITH FORMER UNION AND CONFEDERATE LEADERS
AFTER THE ARMIES' WORK WAS DONE

By great good fortune tliis unique j)hotograph, taken at White Sulphur Springs, Virginia, in August,
1869, was preserved more than forty years by a Confederate veteran of Riehmond, Mr. James
Blair, through whose courtesy it appears here — to sound the key-note of this volume as no preface
could. Such a fraternal gathering could have been paralleled after no other great war in history.
For in this neighborly group, side by side, are bitter foemen of not 6ye years past. Near the un-
mistakable figure of Lee stands Lew Wallace, the commander who in 1864 had opposed Lee's lieu-
tenant— Early — at the Monocacy ; the division leader who at Shiloh, first grand battle of the war, had
fired on the lines in gray commanded by the dashing Confederate general who now touches him on
the right — Beauregard. To the left stand Connor and Geary, formerly generals of opposing forces
in the Carolinas. There is the tall "Prince John" Magruder, the venerable Henry A. Wise, and
other one-time leaders of the Gray. And for a further touch of good citizenship, there is added the
distinguished presence of George Peabody of Massachusetts, and W. W. Corcoran of Washington —
philanthropists of the noblest tyjje, but not alone in this group "as having helped their fellow men."

[4]

The Photographic History
of The Civil War

In Ten Volumes

Francis Trevelyan Miller - editor-in-Chief
Robert S. Lanier

Managing Editor

Thousands of Scenes Photographed
18G1-C5, with Text by many
Special Authorities

New York
The Review of Reviews Co.

1911

I

Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2014

https://archive.org/details/photographichist10mill_0

The Photographic History
of The Civil War

In Ten Volumes

Volume Ten
Armies and Leaders

Contributors
Robert S. IjANier

Managing Editor

WiixiAM CoNANT Church

Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. V. ; Editor
of "The Army and Navy Journal " ; Author
of "Life of Ulysses S. Cirant," "life of
John Ericsson," etc.

William Pktkufiei-d Trent, LI^.l).

Professor of English Literature in Columbia
University; Author of "Robert E. Lee,"
"Southern Statesmen of the Old Regime,"
etc.

Walter Lynwood Fleming, Ph.D.

Pi'ofessor of History, Louisiana State Uni-
versity ; Author of " Secession and Recon-
struction of Alabama,'' etc.

John E. Gieman

Commander-in-Chief, Grand Amiy of the
Republic, 1910-1911

Allen C. Redwood

Artist and Author; Late Army of Northern
Virginia; Author of "Johimy Reb Pa-
j)ers," etc.

Hilary A. Heubert

Late Colonel, Eighth Alabama Infantry ;
Late Secretary of Navy of the United
States

Marcus J. Wright

Late Brigadier-General, Confederate States
Army ; Agent for the Collection of War
Records, United States War Department

Samuel A. Cunningham

Late Sergeant-Major, Confederate States
Army ; Founder and Editor of " The Con-
federate Veteran"

New York

The Review of Reviews Co.
I9n

Copyright, 1911, by Patriot Publishing Co., Springfield, Mass.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, INCLUDING THAT OF TRANSLATION
INTO FOREIGN LANGUAGES, INCLUDING THE SCANDINAVIAN

Printed in New York, U.S.A.

THE TROW PRESS
NEW YORK

CONTENTS

PAGE

Frontispiece 4

Introduction 11

Robert S. Lanier

Ulysses Simpson Grant 29

William Conunt Churcli

Robert E. Lee 51

William Petcrficld Trent

William Tecumseh Sherman 75

Walter L. Fleming

"Stonewall" Jackson 97

Allen C. Redwood

Losses in the Battles of the Civil War — Their Meaning . . . .117
Hilary A. Herbert

Casualties of Great European Battles 140

Battles and Casualties of the Civil War — ^Gen. Marcus J. Wright . . . 142

Troops Furnished to the Union Army by the States 146

Casualties in the Union and Confederate Armies 148

Summaries of Organizations in the Two ^Irtnies 150

Regimental Casualties in the Union Army 152

Some Striking Confederate Losses 156

The Federal Armies; the Corps and their Leaders 159

The Confederate Armies and Generals 239

The Organizations of the Veterans 287

The Grand Army of the Republic 290

John E. Cilman

The United Confederate Veterans 296

Samuel ^1. Cunningham

General Officers, Union and Confederate — A Complete Roster . . . 301

Index 323

Photographic Descriptions Throughout the Volume
Roy Mason

George L. Kilmer, Late U. S. V.

[9]

I

INTIIODICTION

SOLDIERS

AND
CITIZENS

VETERANS AFTER ONE YEAR

SELF-RELIANCE, COURAGE AND DIGNITY ARE IMPRINTED ON THE FACES OF

THESE "veterans" MEN OF McCLERNAND's CORPS IN THEIR QUARTERS

AT MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE, AFTER THE COSTLY ATTEMPT ON VICKSBURG
BY WAY OF CHICKASAW BLUFFS. YET THEY HAVE BEEN SOLDIERS HARDLY
A YEAR — THE BOY ON THE RIGHT, SO SLIGHT AND YOUNG, MIGHT ALMOST
BE MASQUERADING IN AN OFFICER'S UNIFORM. OF SUCH WERE THE SOL-
DIERS WHO EARLY IN THE WAR FOUGHT THE SOUTH IN THE FLUSH OF HER
STRENGTH AND ENTHUSIASM

Edwin M. Stanton
Secretary of War.

Montgomery Blaik
Postmaster-General .

Gideon Welles
Secretary of the Navy.

Salmon P. Chase
Secretary of the Treasury.

Hannibal Hamlin
Vice-President.

MEMBERS OF
PRESIDENT LINCOLN'S
OFFICIAL FAMILY

Other members were: War, Simon
Cameron (1861); Treasury, W. P.
Fessenden, July 1, 1SG4, and Hugh
McCulloch, March 4, 1865; Interior,
John P. Usher, January 8, 1863; At-
torney-General, James Speed, Decem-
ber 2, 1864; Postmaster-General,
William Dennison, September 24,1864.

William H. Seward
Secretary of State.

Caleb B. Smith
Secretary of the Interior.

Edward Bates
Attorney-General.

[12]

James A. Seddon
Secretary of War.

Christopher G. Memminger
Secretary of the Treasury.

Stephen R. Mallory
Secretary of the Navy.

John H. Reagan
Postmaster-General .

MEN WHO HELPED PRESI-
DENT DAVIS GUIDE THE
SHIP OF STATE

The members of the Cabinet were
chosen not from intubate friends of
the President, but from the men pre-
ferred by the States they represented.
There was no Secretary of the In-
terior in the Confederate Cabinet.

Alexander H. Stephens
Vice-President.

JUDAH P. BeNJAJMIN

Secretary of State.

VICE-PRESIDENT STEPHENS
AND MEMBERS OF THE
CONFEDERATE CABINET

Judah P. Benjamin, Secretary of
State, has been called the brain of
the Confederacy. President Davis
wished to appoint the Honorable
Robert Barnwell, Secretary of State,
but Mr. Barnwell declined the honor.

George D.wis
.\ttorney-General.

AFTER THE GREAT MASS MEETING IN UNION SQUARE, NEW YORK, APRIL 20, 1861

Knots of citizens still linger around the stands where Anderson, who had abandoned Sumter only six days
before, had just roused the multitude to wild enthusiasm. Of this gathering in support of the Go\'ernment
the New York Herald said at the time: "Such a mighty uprising of the people has never before been witnessed
in New York, nor throughout the whole length and breadth of the Union. Five stands were erected, from
which some of the most able speakers of the city and state addressed the multitude on the necessity of
rallying around the flag of the Republic in this hour of its danger. A series of resolutions was proposed and
unanimously adopted, pledging the meeting to use every means to preserve the Union intact and inviolate.
Great unanimity prevailed throughout the whole proceedings; party politics were ignored, and the en-
tire meeting — speakers and listeners — were a unit in maintaining the national honor unsullied. Major Ander-
son, the hero of Fort Sumter, was present, and showed himself at the various stands, at each of Avhich he was
most enthusiastically received. An impressive feature of the occasion was the flag of Sumter, hoisted on
the stump of the staff that had been shot away, placed in the hand of the equestrian statue of Washington."

[14]

RECRUITING ON BROADWAY, 1861

PATRIOT PUB. CO.

Looking north on Broadway
from "The Park" (later
City Hall Park) in war
time, one sees the Stars and
Stripes waving above the
recruiting station, past
whifh the soldiers stroll.
There is a convenient booth
with liquid refi-eshments.
To the right of the picture
the rear end of a street car is
visible, but passenger travel
on Broadway itself is by
stage. On the left is the
Astor House, then one of
the foremost hostelries of
the city. In the lower pho-
tograph the view is from the

balcony of the Metropolitan
looking north on Broadway.
The twin towers on the left
are those of St. Thomas's
Church. The lumbering
stages, with the deafening
noise of their rattling win-
dows as they drive over the
cobblestones, are here in
force. INIore hoop-skirts
are retreating in the dis-
tance, and a gentleman in
the tall hat of the period
is on his way down town.
Few of the buildings seen
here remained half a cen-
tury later. The time is sum-
mer, as the a^vnings attest.

THE WAB'S GREAT "CITIZEN" AT HIS MOMENT OF TRIUMPH

Just behind the round table to the right, rising head and shoulders above the distinguished bystanders, grasping his manuscript in both
hands, stands Abraham Lincoln. Of all the occasions on which he talked to his countrymen, this was most significant. The time and
place marked the final and lasting approval of his political and military policies. Despite the bitter opposition of a majority of the
Northern political and social leaders, the people of the Northern States had renominated Lincoln in June, 1864. In November, en-
couraged by the victories of Farragut at Mobile, Sherman in Georgia, and Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley, they had reelected him
President of the United States by an electoral vote of 212 to 21. Since the election, continued Northern victories had made certain the
[16]

C0P1HIGHT, 1911, PATRIOT PUB, CO.

LINCOLN READLNG HIS SECOND INAUGURAL ADDRESS ON MARCH 4, 1865

speedy termination of the war. Not long since, his opponents had been so numerous and so powerful that they fully expected to prevent
his renomination. Lincoln him,self, shortly after liis renomination, had come to believe that reelection was improbable, and had ex-
pressed himself as ready "to cooperate with the President-elect to save the Union." Yet neither in Lincoln's demeanor nor in his
inaugural address is there the slighest note of personal exultation. For political and military enemies alike he has " malice toward
none; charity for all." Indeed the dominant feeling in his speech is one of sorrow and sympathy for the cruel sufferings of both North
and South. Not only in the United States, but throughout the civilized world, the address made a profound and immediate impression.

INTRODUCTION

SOLDIERS AND CITIZENS

"/^ RANT at Appomattox — Lee at Gettysburg — those are
^--T the men for me! " Thus exclaimed a long-time writer
on military matters, after the contemplation of certain portraits
that follow these pages. His criticism halted before the colossal
moral qualities of the two war leaders — the generosity that con-
sidered the feelings of the conquered general as well as the
private soldiers' need of horses " for the spring plowing — the
nobility that, after Pickett's charge at Gettysburg, promptly
shouldered all the responsibility.

Those heights of character, as chronicled in the pages that
follow and in other volumes of this History, are heroic, uni-
versal. They surpass the bounds of any period or nation ; they
link America with the greatness of the ages. If they, together
with the sacrifice and fortitude of thousands more among the
" Armies and Leaders," are made to live more vividly for those
who study the narrative and portraits of this volume, and the
nine volumes preceding it, their publication will indeed have
been justified.

The personal inspiration of the war pictures centers, natu-
rally, in the portraits and groups. Several hundred of them are
presented in the pages following. Study of them soon re-
veals a difi'erence between soldier and non-combatant, as ex-
pressed in bearing and cast of countenance. It is astonish-
ing how accurately, after examining a number of the war
photographs of every descrijDtion, one may distinguish in

[18] (

Garfield in '63- (left to right) Thomas, Wiles, Tyler, Simmons, Drillard, Ducat, Harnett, (Joddaid,
Kosccrans, Garfield, Porter, Bond, Thompson, Sheridan.

Brig. -Gen. Andrew Johnson General Ulysses S. Grant Bvt. Maj.-Gen. Rulherfonl B. Hayes

President, lS(w-C9. President, 1809-77. President, 1877-81.

Maj.-Gen. James A. Garfield Bvt. Brig.-Gen. Benjamin Harrison Brevet Major William McKinley

President, March to September, 1881. President, 1889-93. President, 1897-1901.

[D-2]

many cases between fighters and non-combatants. This is
true, even when the latter are represented in full army over-
coats, with swords and the like, as was customary to some
extent with postmasters, quartermasters, commissariat and
hospital attendants.

The features are distinctive of the men who have stood up
inider fire, and undergone the even severer ordeal of submis-
sion to a will working for the common good, involving the sacri-
fice of personal independence. Their dignity and quiet self-
confidence are obscured neither by the extreme growth of facial
hair fashionable in the sixties, nor by the stains of marching
and camj^ing. Where the photograj^h " caught " the real sol-
diers under any circumstances of dress or undress, health or
disease, camp-ease, or wounds that had laid the subjects low,
the stamp of discipline stands revealed.

The young ofl^cers' portraits aff'ord particularly interest-
ing study. The habit of quick decision, the weighing of re-
sponsibilities involving thousands of human lives which has
become a daily matter, like the morning and evening train-
catching of the modern business commuter — these swift and
tremendous affairs are borne with surprising calmness upon
the young shoulders.

To represent in some coherent form the men of Civil War
time, this volume has been set aside. It becomes highly desir-
able to the fundamental plan of this history.

The first three volumes, devoted to narrative in the largest
sense, and to scenes, could present portraits only of officers and
men connected with particular operations. Each of the next
six volumes, occupied as it is with a special phase of war-time
activity — cavalry, artillery, prisons and hospitals, or the like

[20]

lirovpt Major Georgo PiitiKUii
17()th New Yorli, I'liscincr ;it
T,i;)I)v and Danvilli' in the
Winter cf lS(;i-G">.

represfa'tatim: c niL war

OFFICERS— S UCCESSFUL
ALSO IX LATER LIFE

George Ilaven Putnam, piihlislier
and author, led in the move for inter-
national copyright. Harrison Gray
Otis served as an editor in California
more than 30 years, and fought again
in the Spanish War. Henry Watter-
son, as editor of the Louisville Courier-
Journal, did much to reconcile North

Brcvot 1-iinit. -Colonel Harrison CIray Otis
Twice Wounded; Brig. -Gen. in Spanish
War, Muj.-Gen. in Phihppines.

Andrew Carn(!gie Superintended Mili-
tary Railways and Government
Telegraph Lines in 1861.

Chief of Scouts Hi.-nry WatlcTson, C. S. A.,
Aide-de-Camp to General Forrest,
Chief of Scouts under General
Jcs. E. Johnston.

and South. Andrew Carnegie's mil-
lions, made from iron and steel, went
largely to philanthropy and the ad-
vancement of peace. Nathan B. For-
rest, the daring Confederate cavalry-
man, later developed two vast planta-
t ions. Thomas T. Eckert became
President of the Western Union Tele-
graph Company. Gren ville M. Dodge,
Chief Engineer of the Union Pacific,
built thousands of miles of railroads,
opening up the W'estern empire.

Lieut.-Gcneral Nathan B. Forrest, C. S. A.
Entered as Private; I;ieut.-Col.,
1861. Maj.-Gen., IS&l.

Brexet Brit;. -General Thomas T. Eckert,
Superintendent of Military Telegraph;
Asst. Sec. of War, 1864-66.

Maj.-General Gren\'ille M. Dodge, Wounded
Before .\tlanta; Succeeded Rosecrans
in the Department of Missouri.

— naturally emphasizes, in its personal mentions and por-
trayals, the men of the respective specialties.

The editors, therefore, determined to devote an entire vol-
imie to the consideration of the personnel of the Union and
Confederate armies. But in this field, vaster than most of the
i:)resent generation have imagined, even a book as extensive as a
volume of the Photographic History can be no more than
suggestive.

Consider the typical fighting man on the Union side alone
— the brevet brigadier-general, or the colonel, often deserving
of promotion to that rank. When it is reflected that the rank
of brevet brigadier-general was conferred upon eleven hundred
and seventy Federal officers who never attained the full rank,
and that the colonels who displayed conspicuous gallantry num-
bered as many, jjerhaps twice as many, more, it is evident that
the editors of the Photographic History, in presenting por-
traits of more than three hundred of the generals, by brevet,
have made this feature of the work as comprehensive as possi-
ble. To exhaust the list of such officers would require a sepa-
rate volume.

Consistency, likewise, would demand at least another vol-
ume for colonels. But who would undertake to decide what
^Darticular thousand among the upward of ten thousand claim-
ants among this rank should have a place in the gallery of fame ?
And if gallant colonels, why not the equally gallant lieutenant-
colonels, majors, and caj)tains, who at times commanded regi-
ments ?

That there are limitations is evident. The nature of the
work decides its scope to a large degree. The war-time camera
has been the arbiter. Here and there it caught the colonel as

Brevet Mnjor-Grneral William B. Hazen, Chief
Signal Officer, Raised 41st Ohio Volunteers;
Marched with Sherman to the Sea; Coni-
nianded 15th Army Corps; U. S Military-
Attache to France.

WAR-TIME PORTRAITS OF
TYPICAL SOLDIERS WHO
TURNED TO PUBLIC LIFE
AND EDUCATION

Notable as lawyers, writers and
statesmen are General Carl Scliiirz
(on the left), who became Minister to
Spain, Secretary of the Interior, and
editor of the New York Krcniiif/ Post ;
and General Lewis WaUace (to the
right). Governor of New Mexico,
Minister to Turkey, and author of
"Ben Hur" and other historical
novels.

Colonel George E. Waring, Jr., Led a
Brigade of Cavalry; Reorganized Street
Cleaning System of New York City;
Died in Havana, Cuba, Fighting Yel-
low Fever.

Brevet Brigadier - General
Francis W. Palfrey, Register
in Bankruptcy in 1872; Au-
thor of "Antietam and Fred-
ericksburg" in 1882; Author
of Many Scholarly and Im-
portant Papers.

Lieutenant E. Benjamin An-
drews: Wounded at Peters-
burg, 1864; Professor of
History and Political Econ-
omy, Brown Universitv,
1882-88; President thereof,
1889-98.

Brevet Brigadier-General Francis A.
Walker, Superintendent Ninth and
Tenth Censuses; Commissioner of In-
dian Affairs in 1872; President Mass.
Inst, of Technologv, 1881.

^^•ell as the general, the captain as well as the colonel, and the
private as well as the captain. On the whole, its work was well
halanced, marvelously so, and the results are before the readers
of the Photographic History.

If so slight a proportion can be shown of the men dis-
tinguished for their fighting, it obviously becomes impossible,
even should the ten volumes consist of portraits alone,
to represent adequately the soldiers whose fame has come
since 1865.

INlerely to suggest the function of the Civil War as a school
of citizenship, portraits are presented with this introduction of
six soldiers who became President; of a group like Grenville
]M. Dodge, Harrison Gray Otis, and Thomas T. Eckert, who
helped to develop American material resources; together with
several, such as Henry Watterson, Carl Schurz, George E.
AVaring, Jr., and Francis A. Walker, whose influence has put
much of our journalism and jjublic life on a higher plane.

As these lines are penned, no less than four Civil War sol-
diers— two Union, two Confederate — are serving as members
of the highest American tril)unal — the Su^^reme Court : — Chief
Justice White and Justice Lurton (Confederate) ; Justices
Harlan and Holmes (Union). Ex-Confederates again have
been found in the cabinets of both Republican and Democratic
Presidents, as well as in the National Congress.

But inmiense indeed would be the literary enterprise un-
dertaldng to cover all the results in American civic life of Civil
"War training. There have been State governors by the hun-
dreds who could look back upon service with the armies.
There have been members of legislatures by the tens of thou-

[24]

Caplain A. W. Greely, 18(i;!; Later Maj.-
Gen., U. S. A.; Chief Signal Servite
("Signals"; "Telegraph").

WAU-TIME rOll-
TRAITS OF FEDERAL
SOLDIERS WHO CON-
TRIlU'lMn) TO THE
rilOTOG RAPHIC
HISTORY HALF A
CENTURY LATER

Private Geo. L. Kilmer in 04, WVarin^.
the "Wteran Stripe" at 18
(Military Editor).

Private J. E. Gilniaii. Lo.s( an Arm at Gettys-
burg; Comman(lcr-in-( hief G. A. R. 1910-11
("Grand Army of the Republie").

Bvt. Brig.-Gen. T. F. Roden-
bough, U. S. A., in 18G5;
A\ ounded at Trevilian and
Winchester; Later Sec-
retary U. S. Military
Service Institution
("Cavalry" Editor).

Capt. F. Y. IIedl< y in 'C4, Age 20; Later Editor
and Authorof "MarchingThrough Georgia"
("School of the Soldier," "Marching
and Foraging").

Col. W. C. Church; Later Edi- T. S. C. Lowe, Military Bal- Capt.T.S. Peck; Medal of Hon- Col. L. R. Stegman, Wounded

tor of the Army and Navy loonist in the Peninsula Cam- or in 1864; Later Adj. -Gen. at Cedar Creek, Gettysburg,

JowrwaZ and Author of Life of paign, 1862 — the First War of Vermont (Contributor of Ringgold and Pine Moun-

Ulysses S. Grant ("Grant"). Aeronaut ("Balloons"). many rare photographs). tain (Consulting Editor).

•5^ ^

sands. And the private soldiers — hundreds of thousands of
them, mere boys when they enhsted to fight through the four
years, expanded into im2)ortant citizens of their communities,
as a direct result of their service in the Blue and the Gray.

The youths of eighteen or nineteen, who rushed to the
defense of their flag in 1861, lacked, as most boys do, some
notable phenomenon, blow, catastrophe to fire their imagina-
tions and give them confidence in themselves. Without such
inspiration their highest destiny would have fallen far short
of fulfilment.

But those same youths who survived to the sumnier of
1865 — how differently they stood! — erect, with arms well hung,
with quiet dignity, with the self-assurance learned from years
of quick decision and unhesitating following of duty through
danger.

If, for instance, one should study the careers of those
countless thousands of fearless sheriffs who have kept order in
communities throughout the country, after service under the
Stars and Stripes or the Stars and Bars, it would become over-
whelmingly apparent that without such training in resolution
and resourcefulness, most of the men who were young in 1861
could possibly have become village constables — no more.

The leading biographies in this volume have naturally been
left free from the editorial scrutiny that has aimed to render the
test throughout the largest part of the Photographic His-
TOiiY as detached and impersonal as possible. The value, for
instance, of the chapter on Grant, by Colonel W. C. Church,
lies not only in the trained military criticism of technical opera-
tions by the veteran editor of the Arini/ and Navy Journal,
but also in the' author's personal acquaintance with the Union

[26]

WAR-TIME
PII()T()(iRAl'HS OF
CONFE D K RAT K SO LDI ERS

CONTRIRTTTORS TO THE
PHO'IXKilUPHIC
HISTORY

Col. Hilary A. Herbert; Later Member
of Congress and Secretary of the
Navy ("Tlie Meaning of
Losses in Battle'").

Lieut.-Col. J. W. Mallet; Later Professor
of Chemistry, University of Virginia
(" Confederate Ordnance").

Private John A. Wyeth in "61, at 10;
Later Organizer of the New
York "Polyclinic" ("Con-
federate Raids").

Lieut. R. H. McKim in "62; Later Rector
Church of the Epiphany, Washington,
and Military and Religious Writer
("The Confederate Army").

Captain F. M. Colston, .'\rtillery Officer
with Alexander ("Memoirs of
Gettysburg" and Many
Rare Photographs).

Allen C. Redwood, of the 55th Virginia,
with "Stonewall" Jackson; Later
Artist and Author (Confederate
Reminiscences; "Jackson").

Brig.-Gen. M.J. Wright; Col. D. G. Mcintosh; Col. T. M. R. Talcott;

Later U. S. War Dept. Later Attorney-at- Later Civil Engineer

Agent ("Records of Law ("Artillery ("Reminiscences of

the War" and of the Confed- the Confederate

Statistics). eracy"). Engineers").

S. A. Cunningham;
Later Editor Confed-
erate Veteran (" Uni-
ted Confederate
Veterans").

Deering J.Roberts, Sur-
geon; Later Editor

Southern Practitioner
(" Confederate Med-
ical Service").

commander, extending through many years, and the graphic
and sure touch conveyable only by such personal intimacy.

Nor was it to be expected or desired that Professor Wil-
liam P. Trent, a writer and scholar Southern born, should fail
to emphasize the lofty j^ersonal traits of his hero, Lee; or that
Mr. Allen C. Redwood, whose rare j^rivilege it was to " fight
with ' Stonewall,' " should not portray his honest and frank
admiration for the most surprising military genius developed
by the Civil War.

Particularly gratifying to the humanist is the sketch of Sher-
man, written from the standpoint of the most sympathetic dis-
crimination by a Southern historical student — Professor Walter
L. Fleming, of the Louisiana State University.

Two groups of portraits accompanying this introduction
show veterans of the LTnion and Confederacy who, by great for-
tune, are numbered among those few spared in life, health, and
activity of pen throughout the half -century since 1861 ; and who
have contributed largely the materials of the Photographic
History. Without the note of actuality and reminiscence that
runs through the chapters from their pens, this work, despite
its conception of guiding imj^ersonality, would have lacked
many of its most faithful and permanently valuable sections.
To those veteran contributors, for their many courtesies and
special labors in realizing the piu-pose of this History, it is a
pleasure here to express the warmest appreciation.

Robert S. Lanier.

GRANT

DURING THE WILDERNESS CAMPAIGN, 1864

WHEN GRANT LOST AN ARMY BUT SAVED A NATION

GRANT ON LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN— 1863

Wearing epaulets and a sword — quite unusual for him — but calm and imperturbable as of old, with his crumpled army hat, plain blouse,
his trousers tucked into his boot-tops, and the inevitable cigar, Ulysses S. Grant stands at a historic spot. Less than a week before,
when the Union soldiers under Thomas, still smarting from their experience at Chickamauga, stood gazing at the Confederate works
behind which rose the crest of Missionary Ridge, the Stars and Stripes were thrown to the breeze on the crest of Lookout Mountain.
Eager hands pointed, and a great cheer went up from the Army of the Cumberland. They knew that the Union troops with Hooker
had carried the day in their "battle above the clouds." That was the 25th of November, 1863; and that same afternoon the soldiers
[30]

COPYRIGHT, 1911, REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

AT THE SPOT WHERE HOOKER SIGNALED VICTORY THE WEEK BEFORE

of Thomas swarmed over the crest of Missionary Ridge while Grant himself looked on and wondered. WTien a few days later Grant
visited the spot whence the flag was waved, an enterprising photographer, already on the spot, preserved the striking scene. Seated
with his back against a tree. General J. A. Rawlins gazes at his leader. Behind him stands General Webster, and leaning against the
tree in Colonel Clark B. Lagow. The figure in the right foreground is Colonel W'illiam S. Hillyer. Seated by the path is an orderly.
They have evidently come to survey the site of Hooker's battle from above. Colonel Lagow is carrying a pair of field glasses.
Less than four months later Grant was commissioned lieutenant-general and placed in general command of the Union armies.

ULYSSES SIMPSON GRANT

By William Conant Church
Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, United States Volunteers

THE man of all men Avho knew General Grant best, his
friend and chief ally. General W. T. Sherman, declared
that Grant more nearly than any other man impersonated the
American character of 1861-65, and was the typical hero of
onr great Civil War,

It is an anomaly of history that a man so distingnished
in war shonld be so nnwarlike in personal characteristics as was
Ulysses Simpson Grant, and so singularly free from the ambi-
tions supposed to dominate the soldier. He sickened at the
sight of blood, was so averse to inflicting pain that, as a lad, he
never enjoyed the boyish sport of killing small animals, and
at no time in his life was he fond of hunting. Indeed, no more
gentle-hearted and kindly man is known to American history,
not excepting Abraham I^incoln.

Numerous circumstances in the life of Grant illustrate
his consideration for others. At Vicksburg, INIississippi, where
over thirty thousand Confederates surrendered to him, Jidy
4, 1863, he directed his exulting troops " to be orderly and
quiet as the paroled prisoners passed " and to make no offensive
remarks. The only cheers heard there were for the defenders
of Vicksburg, and the music sounded was the tune of " Old
Hundred," in which victor and vanquished could join. The
surrender at Appomattox, Virginia, April 9, 1865, was char-
acterized by almost feminine tenderness and tact, and a syiw-
joathetic courtesy toward the conquered so marked that an
observer was moved to ask, " Who's surrendering here, any-
way ;

A simple-hearted country \ax\. disposed to bucolic life, so

GRANT IN 1863— BEFORE THE FIRST OF HIS GREx\T VICTORIES

Grant was described In 1861 as a man "who knows how to do things." In February, 1862, he captured Forts
Henry and Donelson, thus opening the way for a Federal advance up the Tennessee River, and was promptly
commissioned major-general. His experience at Shiloh in April, coupled with failures in official routine
during the Donelson campaign which were not approved by his superiors, left him under a cloud which was
not removed until the capture of Vicksburg, July 4, 1863, revealed capacity of a high order. The govern-
ment's plan of conducting the war was then entrusted to him to work out with practically unlimited power.

W HgsB^s (Irani ^ ^ ^

iinbelligerent that he never had even a " spat " at West Point,
disi^lajnng no martial qualities except, perhaf)S, in his love of
horses and in their fearless handling, there was in him no
suggestion of the vocation of the soldier. He entered the ]Mil-
itary Academy simply because his father desired that he should
do so, and while there he secretly rejoiced because of the re-
port that Congress was proposing to abolish the academy.
The thought of the girl he left behind was constantly with him
during his cadet course, though this youthful romance ended
in the disillusion which often attends such experiences.

And it was this man, whose jjersonal characteristics were
all so unlike those distinguishing the remorseless conqueror,
" slaughtering men for glory's sake," who was selected from
among the heroes of our great domestic strife for the appella-
tion of " butcher." No one of them less deserved this title, for
none of them accomplished as great results with a less pro-
portionate loss of life. The repulse of Lee at Gettysburg, in
1863, was obtained at a cost of 23,000 casualties — 3155 killed,
14,529 wounded, 5365 missing — and at the end Lee marched
Avitli his army from the field of battle. The more complete
victory at Vicksburg, with the surrender of Pemberton's entire
army of 30,000 men, was obtained by Grant with a casualty
list of only 9362, including about 450 missing.

Heavy as were the losses during the year which preceded
the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, they were
less than the aggregate loss, including " missing," of previous
commanders of the Army of the Potomac in unsuccessful at-
tempts to accomplish the same result in the same field. Grant's
total of killed and wounded was 19,597 less than the average
number killed and injured annually by the railroads of the
United States during the four years ending 1910.

Those who " control the destiny of to-morrow " are those
who are the most apt in learning that, in great matters, it is

[34]

BEFORE VICKSBURG

The close-set moiitli, s((uared shoulders and lower-
ing brow in this photograph of Grant, taken in
December, 1862, tell tlie story of the intensity of
his purpose while he was advancing upon Vicks-
burg — only to be foiled by Van Dorn's raid on his
line of communications at Holly Springs. His
grim expression and determined jaw betokened no
respite for the Confederates, however. Six months
later he marched into the coveted stronghold.
This photogi-aph was taken by James Mullen at
Oxford, Mississippi, in December, 1862, just be-
fore Van Dorn's raid balked the general's plans.

AFTER VICKSBURG

This photograph was taken in the fall of 1863,
after the capture of the Confederacy's Gibraltar
had raised Grant to secure and everlasting fame.
His attitude is relaxed and his eyebrows no longer
mark a straight line across the grim visage. The
right brow is slightly arched with an almost jovial
expression. But the jaw is no less vigorous and
determined, and the steadfast eyes seem to be
peering into that future which holds more vic-
tories. He still has Chattanooga and his great
campaigns in the East to fight and the final mag-
nificent struggle in the trenches at Petersburg.

[1^-3]

•

lIlgBB^B ^raut ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ '

necessary to disregard personal considerations and to keep the
mind ojDen to the suggestions from within ; who are not hhnded
by what has been well described as " the pride of self -derived
intelligence." Grant succeeded because his specially trained
faculties and especially adapted experiences were obedient to
larger suggestions than those of personal ambition and self-
glorification. This explains Grant, as it explains Lincoln and
Washington.

" Sam " Grant, as his colleagues at the JNIilitary Academy
were accustomed to call him, because of the " U. S.," Uncle
Sam, in his name; " ' Sam ' Grant," as one of those same col-
leagues once said, " was as honest a man as God ever made."
Honest, not merely in a pecuniary sense but in all of his men-
tal 2)rocesses, and in this simple honesty of his nature we find
the explanation not only of his greatness but of the^ errors into
which he fell in the attempt to deal with the subtleties of human
selfishness and intrigue. • . ,

It was characteristic of Grant's mental processes that he
always thought on straight lines, and his action was equally
direct and positive. He was not so much concerned with the
subtleties of strategy as with a study of the most direct road
to the opponent's center. One of the chief ^perplexities on the
field of battle is " the fog of war," the difficulty of divining the
movements of the foe, by which your own are to be determined.
Grant was less confused by this than most commanders, keep-
ing his adversary so occupied with his own aggressive move-
ments that he had little opportunity to studj' combinations
against him. He was fertile in expedients; his mind was al-
ways open to the suggestions of oj^portunity, and it was his
habit to postpone decision until the necessity for decision arose.

Grant recognized earlier than others the fact that, if his
own troops were lacking in the military knowledge and train-
ing required to make them a facile instrument in his hands, his
antagonists were no better equipped in this respect. He saw
that the best training for the high-spirited and independent

[361

On this page are three
photographs of (lenoral
Grant, taken in the most
erilieal year of his eareer,
I lie year when he took
\'ieksbnrg in July, then
in November gazed in
wonder at his own sol-
diers as they swarmed up
the lieights of Mission-
ary Ridge. The following
Mareh he was made gen-
eral-in-chief of the armies
of the United States.
Congress ])assed a vote of
thanks to General Grant
and his army, and ordered
a goltl medal to be struek
in his honor. But as we
see him here, none of these
honors had come to him;
and the deeds themselves

were only in process of ac-
complishment. Even Sher-
man, the staunch friend
and supporter of (Jrant,
had doubts which were
only dispelled by the mas-
ter stroke at Vicksburg, as
to the outcome of (iraiit's
extraordinary m c t h o d s
and plans. He was him-
self conscious of the
heavy responsibility rest-
ing upon him and of
the fact that he stood on
trial before the country.
Other faithful generals
had been condenmed at
the bar of public opinion
before their projects ma-
tured. The eyes in these
portraits are stern, and
the expressions intense.

GRANT IN 1863

volunteers he commanded was that of the battlefield. If
action involved risk, inaction was certain to produce discon-
tent and even demoralization, while the fatalities of the camp
were those chiefly to be dreaded, for microbes were more deadly
than bullets. His early successes were due to the application
of his methods to conditions as he found them, without waiting
for their improvement. When he met the battalions of Lee,
then trained and seasoned by three years of war, the struggle
was protracted, but in the end he triumphed through his policy
of vigorous and persistent attack, bringing a contest which had
then extended over three years of inconclusive fighting to a
flnal conclusion in one year.

General Grant was born, April 27, 1822, in a little one-
story cottage on the banks of the Ohio River, at Point Pleas-
ant, Clermont County, Ohio. His grandfather, Captain Noah
Grant, was a Connecticut soldier of the army of the Revolu-
tion who, in 1800, settled on the Connecticut Reservation of
Ohio. His mother, Hannah Simpson, was of a sterling Amer-
ican family of pioneers, noted for integrity, truthfulness, and
sturdy independence of character. She was a noble woman of
strong character, and it was from her that the son inherited his
remarkable capacity for reticence, tempered in him by an oc-
casional relapse into the garrulity of his father. If he was in-
capable of indirection in thought or speech, he could be silent
when speech might betray what he did not wish to have known.

Among his friends, when occasion served, he was a fluent
and interesting talker. He never gossiped, never used profane
or vulgar language, was charitable and generous to a fault,
and considerate in his treatment of all. He was good-natured
and fond of his joke. Uncomplaining self-control was char-
acteristic of both mother and son, as was also equability of
temper and " saving common sense."

To estimate Grant correctly, it is necessary to consider
him apart from the personal influences by which he was swayed.

381

IN THE Al Tl'MN OF 18(i;{ (IRANTS ( HANGING EXPRESSIONS
Although secure in his fame as the conqueror of Vicksburg, Grant still has the greater part of his destiny to fulfil as he faces
the camera. Before him lie the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and the slow investment of Petersburg. This series
forms a particularly interesting study in expression. At the left hand, the face looks almost amused. In the next the ex-
pression is graver, the mouth close set. The third picture looks plainly obstmate, and in the last tlie stern fighter might
have been declaring, as in the following spring: "I propo.se to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer." The eyes,
first unveiled fully in this fourth view, are the unmistakable index to Grant's stern inflexibility, once his decision was made.

IN THE AUTUMN OF 1864— AFTER THE STRAIN OF THE WILDERNESS CAMPAIGN
Here is a furrowed brow above eyes worn by pain. In the pictures of the previous year the forehead is more smooth, the
expression grave yet confident. Here the expression is that of a man who has won, but won at a liitter cost. It is the memory
of the 50,000 men whom he left in the Wilderness campaign and at Cold Harbor that has lined this brow, and closed still
tighter this inflexible mouth. Again, as in the series above, the eyes are not revealed until the last picture. Then again
flashes the determination of a hero. The great general's biographers say that Grant was a man of symi)athy and infinite
pity. It was the more difficult for him, spurred on to the duty by grim necessity, to order forward the lines in blue that
withered, again and again, before the Confederate fire, but each time weakened the attenuated line which confronted them.

for he was a man of unusual domesticity, and tenacity of friend-
shij) not always distinguished by perspicacity in discerning
character.

To the sincere but unobtrusive piety of his mother, Grant
owed a reverence for religion which he displayed throughout
life and which supjiorted him during that last desperate strug-
gle with death, ending at JNIount ]\IacGregor, New York, on
July 23, 1885. His belief in the invisible powers was the hid-
den current of the great soldier's life. It explains alike his
calmness in victory and his unfaltering courage in defeat.
There was no shock of battle so fierce, no episode of the com-
bat so exciting that could disturb his impassible demeanor.
" I have had many hard experiences in my life," he once said
to the writer, when chatting in front of his camp-fire at Peters-
burg, " but I never saw the moment when I was not confident
that I should win in the end."

If he was not blinded by a sense of his individual im-
portance, there was no lack of self-confidence in Grant. He
had a just estimate of his own abilities and a correct under-
standing, as a soldier, of the work for which his abilities and
experiences had fitted him. If he did not possess what is usu-
ally regarded as the temperament of the soldier, there was no
lack of the training or experience of the soldier. If not a
brilliant student, according to the standards of West Point,
he made a faithful use of the opportunity which that institu-
tion gave him for a military training. In his class-standing
he held a middle place with others of the graduates most dis-
tinguished in our Civil War; a relatively higher place than
Jefferson Davis, James Longstreet, William J. Hardee, and
others of the South; and than Sheridan, Hooker, Buell, and
other leaders of the Northern armies.

No soldier of like rank was more distinguished in the
war with INIexico than Grant, then a lieutenant. It is no small
achievement for a subaltern to be brought into the lime-light

of jjiiblicity, as Grant was by mention in general orders com-
mending him for acts of special distinction in battle, showing
both intelligence and daring.

jSIeeting General Grant not long after his return to mil-
itary life, Henry Villard reported that " there was certainly
nothing in his outward appearance or in his personal ways or
conversation to indicate the great military qualities he pos-
sessed. Firmness seemed to me about the only characteristic
expressed in his features. Otherwise, he was a very plain, un-
pretentious, unimposing person, easily approached, reticent as
a rule, and yet showing at times a fondness for a chat about all
sorts of things. This ordinary exterior, however, made it as
difficult for me, as in the case of Abraham Lincoln, to persuade
myself that he was destined to be one of the greatest arbiters
of human fortunes." Yet Fremont, who saw him at this time,
discovered in him " the soldierly qualities of self -poise, mod-
esty, decision, attention to detail."

Grant had never been brought into contact with men of
public re2)utation and had no influential friends to push his
fortunes when the Civil War opened to him an opportunity.
His skill as a drill-master was discovered by accident, and this
secured an opportunity for him to go to the Illinois capital
with the Galena company he had been drilling. He attracted
the attention of Governor Yates and was given a clerical posi-
tion in the adjutant-general's office in filling out army forms.
When his appointment as colonel to an unruly volunteer regi-
ment followed, he at once gave proof of the education he had
acquired at West Point and his experience of fifteen years'
service in the regular army.

In executing his first orders to take the field, he astonished
his superiors by marching his regiment across country instead
of moving it comfortably by rail. And when the laggards
of the regiment were compelled to march in their stocking feet

[42]

GRANT— ON HIS FIRST TRIP NORTH

The war is over. Grant has received in a magnanimous spirit, rarely paralleled in
history, the surrender of Lee. Here he appears in Philadelphia on his first trip North
after the war. His bearing is that of a man relieved of a vast responsibility, but
with the marks of it still upon him. He is thinner than the full-chested soldier in
the photograph taken in 1863, after the fall of Vicksburg. His dress is careless, as
always, but shows more attention than when he was in the field. He looks out of
the picture with the unflinching eyes that had been able to penetrate the future and
see the wisdom of the plan that proved the final undoing of the Confederacy.

UlysB^B (Bvmt ^ ^ '

at the hour designated, they learned that " 6 a.m. " with their
new colonel meant six o'clock in the morning. Another revel-
ation came when they first faced him on parade, and their
vociferous demands for a speech were met by the terse reply,
" jNIen, go to your quarters." Thus, in various ways, they
learned from day to day that they were in the hands of a man
who understood the trade of war.

It was precisely because he was a master-workman at his
trade that Grant was able to make his personal qualities effect-
ive when opportunity was given him. He was limited by the
imperfections of the instruments he had at hand and was sub-
jected to criticism accordingly, as at Shiloh, April 6, 1862,
where his failure to protect his camp is explained by a fear lest
a display of apprehension might demoralize troops misled by
the ignorant cry of " spades to the rear," which then filled the
air. They would have regarded defensive measures as an evi-
dence of weakness and cowardice, and confidence is an essential
factor in the management of raw troops, of which both the
armies were then composed. They had at that time advanced
but one stage beyond the condition of an armed mob, only
partially responsive to the skilled handling of the educated and
trained soldier.

Previous to the battle of Pittsburg Landing, as Shiloh
is also called. Grant had given proof of his energy and his
]3romptness in taking the initiative in the occupation of Padu-
cah, Kentucky, September 6, 1861 ; in the comparatively tri-
fling affair at Belmont, JSIissouri, November 7, 1861; and in
his important success in the capture of Fort Donelson on the
Cumberland River, Tennessee, in February, 1862, where he had
the efficient assistance of the gunboats, under Flag-OfRcer
Foote. These successes increased his confidence in himself,
as back came the echo of exultant popular approval when the
country saw how capable this man was of accomplishing great
results Avith troops lacking in arms, equipment, transpor-
tation, and supplies, as well as in organization, but who

[44]

GRANT IN 1865— THE ZENITH OF HIS CAREER

Behind Grant in 18C5 lay all his victories on the field of battle; before him the highest gift within the power of the American people —
the presidency. He says in his memoirs that after Vicksburg he had a presentment that he was to brirg the war to a successful end
and become the head of the nation. Grant's sturdy, persistent Scottish ancestry stood him in good stead. He was a descendant of
Matthew Grant, one of the settlers of Windsor, Connecticut, in 1635, and a man of much importance in the infant colony. His Ameri-
can ancestors were fighting stock. His great-grandfather, Noah Grant, held a military commission in the French and Indian War,
and his grandfather, also named Noah, fought in the Revolution. Henry Ward Beecher summed up the causes of Grant's meteoric
rise from store clerk in 1861, to president in 1869, as follows: "Grant was available and lucky." His dominant trait was determination.

lIjjBB^s (Sraut ^ ^-^^^

comprehended the significance of his foe's weakness in the
same respects.

Grant had learned that if he did not run away his
antagonists were hkely to do so, and he had ascertained the
potency of the formulas with which his name was associated:
" No terms except unconditional and immediate surrender,"
and " I propose to move immediately upon your works." This
met the temper of the time, impatient of strategy and paper
plans and demanding tangible results.

The circumstances which led to Grant's resignation from
the army, July 31, 185-1, however they might have been ex-
j)lained })y those who knew him best, had created a distrust
of him in the minds of his military superiors, Halleck and
JNIcClellan, so that he was left wholly dependent upon works
accomplished for his recognition by the North and at Wash-
ington. He neither sought nor obtained favor from his su-
l)eriors; he made no complaint of insufficient support, as so
many did, but doggedly piu'sued a consistent course of doing
the best he could with what the War Department placed at his
disposal, learning from his successes and profiting by his mis-
takes as well as by those of the foe.

There was one who was superior to this professional dis-
trust of Grant, and that was Abraham I>iincoln. He had found
a man who could accomplish, and the fortune of that man was
thenceforth secure in the hands of the chief executive. After
Shiloh, Grant fully realized that the country had entered upon
a long and desperate struggle, and he shaped his course ac-
cordingly. He drew the line of distinction between friend and
foe more sharply, and, where he found it necessary, directed
his warfare against the property as well as the persons of those
in arms against him, and their abettors. Thus he passed an-
other landmark in his progress to final success.

Another essential lesson was to be learned. That came
when a colonel, December 20, 1862, surrendered his depot of

GRANT IN CHARACTERISTIC POSE, WITH HIS STAFF IN 1864

The indifferent attitude of the general-in-chief is most characteristic. Grant had begun the investment of
Petersburg when this photograph was taken. Around him are the men who had followed him faithfully
through the faith-shaking campaigns of the Wilderness. He never made known his plans for an advance to
anyone, but his calm confidence commvmicated itself to all who listened to him. In the most critical moments
he manifested no perceptible anxiety, but gave his orders with coolness and deliberation. At the left of the
photograph sits General John A. Rawlins, who has foresworn his customary mustache and beard which the
next picture shows him as wearing. He was first aide-de-camp to Grant, then assistant adjutant-general
and chief of staff. Behind Grant, who stands in the center with one hand thrust carelessly into his pocket,
sits Lieutenant Frederick Grant, later major-general in the United States Army. In front of Grant stands
Colonel M. B. Ryan, and on the extreme right sits Colonel Ely S. Parker, military secretary, who was a full-
blooded Indian, a grandnephew of the famous Red Jacket, and chief of the tribes known as the Six Nations.

supplies at Holly Springs and compelled General Grant to sub-
sist his army of thirty thousand men upon the country for two
weeks, his communications with his rear being severed at the
same time hy Forrest's enterprising Confederate cavalry.
Grant was jjreparing to move against Vicksburg at the time,
and the surrender of that place, July 4, 1863, followed a
march overland to its rear from Bruinsburg, April 30, 1863,
without supplies for his troops, other than those obtained from
the country as he advanced. Grant carrying no personal bag-
gage himself but a toothbrush. Sherman, who protested most
vigorously against this hazardous movement, nevertheless later
on applied the lesson it taught him when on his march to the
sea, in 1864, he broke through the hollow shell of the Confed-
eracy and closed it in from the south, while Grant advanced
from the north, and crushed the armies of Lee and Johnston.

The surrender of the Southern armies in April and INIay,
1865, put an end to military activities, to be succeeded by the
contests in the forum of pohtical discussion ; the death of Lincoln
and the succession of Johnson following so immediately upon
the surrender of Lee threw the whole question of the readjust-
ment of political relations between the North and the South into
chaos. In sj^ite of his desire and his effort to keep within the
limitations of his military function. General Grant found him-
self involved in the embittered contests of the reconstruction
period, with which he was not fitted to deal either by tempera-
ment or training.

The politicians and the political activities of the North
had, during the four years of war, been a constant source of
embarrassment to our soldiers striving to conduct war witli
sole reference to success in the field. This had intensified the
soldier's natural distrust of politicians and political methods,
and Grant had never learned the art of which Lincoln was the
supreme master — that of utilizing the selfish ambitions of men
to accomplish great patriotic and public purposes.

[48]

1. Colonel

HOKACE

Port KB

3. Colonel
T. S.
Bowers

5. General
John G.
Barnard

7. General
U. S.
Grant

9. General
Seth
Williams

11. Colonel
Adam
Badeau

EVIEWS CO

2. Colonel
William
Duff

4. Colonel

J. D.
Webster

6. General
John A.
Rawlins

8. General
M. R.
Patrick

10. General

RUFUS
I NO ALLS

12. Colonel
E. S.
Parker

MEN AHOUT TO WITNESS APPOMATTOX

No photographer wa.s pre.sent at
Appomattox, tluit supreme mo-
ment in our national history,
when Americans met for the hist
time as foes on the field. Notli-
ing but fanciful sketches exist
of the scene inside the McLean
home. But here is a photograph
that shows most of the Union
officers present at the conference.
Nine of the twelve men standing
above stood also at the signing
of Lee's surrender, a few days
later. The scene is City Point, in
March, 1865. Grant is sur-
rounded by a group of the officers
who had served liim so faitlifully.
At the surrender, it w-as Colonel
T. S. Bowers (third from left)
upon whom Grant called to make
a copy of the terms of siurender
in ink. Colonel E. S. Parker, the
full-blooded Indian on Grant's
staS, an excellent penman, wrote

GRANT BETWEEN RAWLINS AND BOWERS

out the final copy. Nineteen
years later, General Horace Por-
ter recorded with pride that he
loaned General Lee a pencil to
make a correction in the terms.
Colonels William Duff and J. D.
Webster, and General M. R.
Patrick, are the three men who
were not present at the inter-
view. All of the remaining offi-
cers were formally presented to
Lee. General Seth Williams had
been Lee's adjutant when the
latter was superintendent at
West Point some years before the
war. In the lower photograph
General Grant stands between
General Rawlins and Colonel
Bowers. The veins standing out
on the back of his hand are
plainly visible. No one but he
could ha\'e told how calmly the
blood coursed through them dur-
ing the four tremendous years.

During his stormy period of civil administration. Grant
was like a landsman tossing upon an angry sea who makes his
port by virtue of the natural drift of the winds and tides rather
than through his skill in navigation. The policies President
Grant advocated during his two terms of office were sound,
and if he did not show the politician's skill in availing himself
of the varying winds of popular sentiment, he did exhibit a
statesmanlike comprehension of the measures promotive of the
best interests of the country. Refusing to be misled by the
financial heresies of his time, in spite of the fact that they were
advocated by a powerful faction in his own party, he took an
uncompromising stand in his first inaugural in favor of pay-
ing the i^ublic debt in the currency of the world, and vetoed
the bill to increase the issues of the simulacrum of coin, of
merely local value. He reduced taxation and promoted econ-
omy in Government expenditures and reform in the civil
service. He improved the condition of our Indian wards; he
was a sincere friend of JSIexico, against which he had fought
in his youth; he strove to cultivate good relations with the
Orientals, and he established our intercourse with England
upon the firm foundations of the treaty of Washington.

How strange, how eventful, how checkered a career was
this of the chief soldier of the Republic! Thirty-two years of
unconscious preparation for a great career in the bucolic ex-
periences of his youth, in his training at the Military Academy
and in war, followed by seven years of a life which taught the
bitterest lessons of humility and self-abnegation. Next, a
rapid advance to a position which made him during more than
twenty years a chief among those upon whom the attention of
the world was focused; then a further descent into the valley of
misfortune, until the final heroic struggle with the conqueror
of us all once more centered upon him the affectionate interest
of his countrymen and the sympathetic attention of the world,

[50]

II

LEE

RESIDENCE OF ROBERT E. LEE, ON FRANKLIN STREET,
RICHMOND, OCCUPIED BY HIS FAMILY DURING THE WAR —
THREE OF THE PORTRAITS OF GENERAL LEE THAT FOLLOW

WERE TAKEN IN THE BASEMENT OF THIS HOUSE IT LATER

BECAME THE HOME OF THE VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY

ROBERT E. LEE

By William P. Trent
Professor of English Literature in Coliimhia University

GENERAL LEE has been the only great man with
whom I have been thrown who has not dwindled upon
a near approach," This is the significant remark of one of his
personal friends, INIajor A. R. H. Ranson of the Confederate
artillery. The present wa'iter, who never had the privilege
of seeing General Lee, finds himself, in a sense, completely
in accord with the veteran staff -officer, since he, too, can say
that of all the great figures in history and literature whom
he has had occasion to study through books, no one has
stood out freer from human imperfections, of whatever sort,
than the man and soldier upon whom were centered the affec-
tions, the admiration, and the hopes of the Southern people
during the great crisis of their history. General Lee is the hero
of his surviving veterans, of his fellow Virginians and South-
erners, of many of those Americans of the North and West
against whom he fought, and of his biographers. He is the
Hector of a still-unwritten Iliad — a fact which the sketch that
follows cannot prove, any more than it can set forth his claims
to military fame in an adequately expert fashion, but to the
truth of which it may perhaps bring a small bit of not valueless
testimony — the testimony of personal conviction.*

Robert Edward Lee, the third son of the cavalry leader
" Light Horse Harry " Lee by his second wife, Anne Hill
Carter, Avas born at the family mansion, " Stratford," in
Westmoreland County, Virginia, on January 19, 1807. On

* For a fuller, though necessarily limited treatment of Lee's character
and career reference may be made to the writer's volume in the " Beacon
Biographies," which has guided him in the present sketch.

:52]

COPYRIGHT, 1911, REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

"LEE WAS ESSENTIALLY A VIRGINIAN"

OKI Christ Church ;it Alexandria. Virginia. The church attended by both Washington and Lee calls up associations that explain the
reference of General Adams. In 1811, at the age of four, Robert E. Lee removed from Westmoreland County to Alexandria, which
remained his home until he entered West Point, in 182.5. During these years he was gaining his education from private tutors and
devoting himself to the care of his invalid mother. Many p Sunday he passed through the trees around this church, of which Washington
had been one of the first vestrymen, to occupy the pew that is still pointed out to visitors. The town serves to intensify love of Virginia;
here Braddoek made his headquarters before marching against the French, in 1755, with .young George Washington as an aide on liis
staff; and here on April l.'Jth of that year the Governors of New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia had met,
in order to determine upon plans for the expedition. In the vicinity were Mount Vernon, the estate of Wasliington, and Arlington,
which remained in the family of Washington's wife. The whole region was therefore full of inspiration for the youthful Lee.

both sides he came of the best stock of his native State, When
he was four years old, his father removed to Alexandria in order
to secure better schooling for the eight children. Later, the old
soldier was compelled to go to the West Indies and the South
in search of health, and it came to pass that Robert, though
a mere boy, was obliged to constitute himself the nurse and
protector of his invalid mother. The beautiful relation thus
established accounts in part for the blended dignity and charm
of his character. It does not account for his choice of a profes-
sion, but perhaps that is sufficiently explained by the genius
for the soldier's calling which he must have inherited from his
father. As with Milton before him, the piety and purity of
his youth were inseparably combined with grace and strength.

He entered West Point in 1825 on an appointment secured
by Andrew Jackson, and he graduated four years later with the
second highest honors of the class and an extraordinarily per-
fect record. Appointed second lieutenant of engineers, he
hastened home to receive the blessing of his dying mother.
Two years later (June, 1831), after work on the fortifications
at Hampton Roads, he was married, at the beautiful estate of
Arlington on the Potomac, to INIary Randolph Custis, grand-
daughter of Washington's wife, a lovely and accomplished
yoimg woman destined to be a fitting helpmeet. As his father-
in-law was wealthy, Lee, who loved country life, must have
been tempted to settle down at Arlington to manage the estate
that would one day f)ass to his wife, but his genuine devotion
to his profession prevailed, and he went on building coast de-
fenses.

In 1834, he was transferred to Washington as first lieu-
tenant assisting the chief engineer of the army. He was thus
enabled to live at Arlington, but, while in no sense of the term
a society man, he also saw something of life at the capital.
Three years later he was sent West to superintend work on the
upper jMississipi)i. His plans Avere approved and well carried

LEE IN 1850

FROM THE ORIGINAL DAGUERREOTYPE— WITHOUT THE UNIFORM

PAINTED ON LATER

Through the courtesy of General G. W. C. Lee — who furnished information of
much value concerning several portraits in this chapter— there is reproduced above
the actual appearance of his distinguished father in 1850. This portrait was
copied, embellished with a uniform painted on by hand, and widely circulated.
To study the unretouched original is particularly interesting. Lee at this period
was in Baltimore, in charge of defenses then being constructed. Three years before,
in the Mexican War, he had posted batteries before Vera Cruz so that the town was
reduced in a week. After each of the battles of Cerro Gordo, Churubusco, and Cha-
pultepec, he received promotion, and for his services in the last he was breveted
colonel. A born soldier, the son of a soldier, this handsome young man is not as
handsome by far as the superb general who later lent grace and dignity to the Confed-
erate gray. He little realized the startling future when this photograph was taken.

out; he was made captain in 1838, and, meanwhile, leading a
somewhat uneventful life, he slowly acquired a reputation as
a reliable officer. In 1841, he was put in charge of the defenses
of New York, and in this position he remained until the out-
break of the JNlexican War.

The part he played at this crisis throws much light upon
his character and his after career. He distinguished himself
in JNIexico more brilliantly, perhaps, than any other officer of his
years, and thus he gave proof of his native military bent and of
the thoroughness with which he had studied the art of war.
He was not in sympathy with the political " Jingoes " of the
time, a fact which affords a measure of his mental rectitude.
But he was modestly indisposed to speak out upon political
matters, being, as he conceived, a soldier charged with exe-
cuting the will of his country as exj)ressed by its statesmen.

It might have been predicted that, in the event of a civil
war, such a man would side with that part of the nation in
which he was born and bred, that his services would be strictly
military in character, that tlie thought of making himself a dic-
tator or even of interfering with the civil administration would
never cross his mind. He would exliibit the highest virtues of
the soldier and the private citizen ; he would not, like Washing-
ton, go farther and exhibit the highest virtues of the states-
man. It is probably best for his own fame and for the Nation
that this should have been so. The Republic is fortunate in
l)ossessing three men, each consummate in private character,
two illustrious in the separate spheres of military and civil
command, Lee the soldier, and Lincoln the statesman, and
one unique in combining the two high orders of genius, the
greatest of Americans, the " Father of his Country."

At the beginning of the JMexican War, Lee w^as attached
to General Wool's command in the Northern departments. He
attracted notice chiefly by his brilliant scouting. Early in
1847, at the request of General Winfield Scott, he joined the

[56]

ARLINGTON, THE HOME OF LEE, FROM THE GREAT OAK

Tlie heautifiil (>st;ite by the Potomac came to General Lee from the family of George Washington. While Lee, as a boy and youth, lived
in Alexandria he was a frequent caller at the Arlington estate, where Mary Lee Custis, the only daughter of George Washington Parke
Custis, was his companion and playfellow. Before he had completed his course at West Point the friendship had ripened into love
and the two became engaged. Her father is said to have considered her entitled to a more wealthy match than young Lee, who looked
forward to a career in the army. But in 1831, two years after his graduation, the ceremony was performed and on the death of Custis
in 1857, the estate passed into the possession of Robert E. Lee as trustee for his children. The management had already been in his
hands for many years, and though constantly absent on duty, he had ordered it so skilfully that its value steadily increased. On
the outbreak of the Civil War and his decision to cast in his lot with Virginia, he was obliged to leave the mansion that overlooked the
national capital. It at once fell into the hands of Federal troops. Nevermore was he to dwell in the majestic home that had sheltered
his family for thirty years. When the war was over, he gave the Pamimkey estate to his son Robert and himself retired to the quiet,
simple life of Lexington, Virginia, as president of the institution that is now known, in his honor, as Washington and Lee University.

staff of that commander before Vera Cruz. In the fighting
that ensued he displayed a skill and bravery, not unmixed
with rashness, that won him high praise from his superior. In
the reconnaissances before the victory of Contreras, he specially
distinguished himself, and this was also the case at the battle
of Chapultepec, where he was wounded. Having already been
brevetted major and lieutenant-colonel, he was now brevetted
colonel, and he took his share in the triumphant entry of the
city of Mexico on September 14, 1847.

He was soon busy once more, employing his talents as
engineer in the surveys made of the captured city, and showing
his character in endeavoring to reconcile the testy Scott with
his subordinates. Later, he was put in charge of the defenses
of Baltimore, and later still, in 1852, he was made superintend-
ent of the INIilitary Academy at West Point. During his ad-
ministration the discipline was improved and the course of
study lengthened. In 1855, he was promoted lieutenant-colonel
of the Second Cavalry, and in the spring of the next year he
joined his regiment in western Texas. Pursuit of maraud-
ing Indians and study of animals and plants employed his
hours, but he suffered from his separation from his wife and
children, domestic affection being as characteristic a trait as
his genius for battle. In July, 1857, the command of his
regiment devolved upon him, and three months later he was
called to Arlington on account of the death of his father-in-
law, ]Mr. Custis. Despite the change in his circumstances, he
returned to his command in Texas and remained until the au-
tumn of 1859, when he was given leave to visit his family. It
was during this visit that he was ordered witli a company of
marines to Harper's Ferry to dislodge John Brown. Then,
after giving the legislature of Virginia some advice with re-
gard to the organization of the militia, he took command of
the Department of Texas. From afar he watched sadly the

[58]

LEE'S BOYHOOD PLAYGROUND

When Robert E. Lee came over from Alexandria as a l>oy, to play soldier in the gardens and grounds around
this beautiful mansion overlooking the Potomae, he could hardly have thought of its occupation during his
life-time by a hostile force determined to bend his native State to its will. When he was graduated from West
Point in 1829 and proudly donned the army blue, he little imagined that thirty-two years later, after he had
paced his room all night in terrible perplexity, he would doff the blue for another color sworn to oppose it. The
estate about Arlington house was a fair and spacious domain. Every part of it had rung in his early youth
and young manhood with the voice of her who later became his wife. He had whispered his love in its shaded
alleys, and here his children had come into the world. Yet here stand men with swords and muskets ready
to take his life if they should meet him on the field of battle. Arlington, once famous for its hospitality, has
since extended a silent welcome to 20,000 dead. Lee's body is not here, but reposes in a splendid marble
tomb at Washington and Lee University, where he ruled with simple dignity after the finish of the war.

ISohrrt i£. &0 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

7^

drift of the two sections toward war, and in February, 1861,
upon the secession of Texas, he was recalled to Washington.

It is needless to discuss exhaustively Lee's attitude on
the questions that were dividing the country. He did not be-
lieve in slavery or secession, but, on the other hand, he did not
admit that the general Government had the right to invade
and coerce sovereign States, and he shared the conviction of
his fellow Southerners that their section had been aggrieved
and was threatened with grave losses. He sided with those
M'hom he regarded as his " j)eople," and they have continued
to honor his decision, which, as we have seen, was inevitable,
given his training and character.

It was equally inevitable, in view of the oaths he had taken,
and of the existence of theories of government to which he did
not subscribe, that his entering the service of the Confederacy
should seem to many Americans a wilful act of treason. His
conduct will probably continue to furnish occasion for censure
to those who judge actions in the light of rigid political, social,
and ecclesiastical theories instead of in the light of circum-
stances and of the phases of character. To his admirers, on
the other hand, who wall increase rather than diminish, Lee
will remain a hero without fear and without reproach.

Lee sjient the weeks immediately following the inaugura-
tion of Lincoln in a state of great nervous tension. There
seems to be little reason to doubt that, had he listened to the
overtures made him, he could have had charge of the Union
forces to be put in the field. On April 20, 1861, he resigned
the colonelcy of the First Cavalry, and on the 23d he accepted
the command of the military forces of Virginia in a brief
speech worthy of the career upon which he was entering. A
little less than a month later he became a brigadier of the
Confederacy, that being then the highest grade in the Southern
service.

For some time he chafed at not being allowed to take the
field, but he could not be spared as an organizer of troops and

[60]

From the point of view of the mil-
itary student Lee's consummate
feats of generalship were performed
in the gloom of the Wilderness.
On this ground he presented an al-
ways unbroken front against which
Grant dashed his battalions in vain.
Never were Lee's lines here broken;
the assailants must always shift
their groimd to seek a fresh oppor-
tunity for assault. At this spot on
the battlefield of the Wilderness the
opposing forces lay within twenty-
four feet of each other all night.
The soldiers, too, had learned by
this 1864 campaign to carry out
orders with judgment of their own.
The rank and file grew to be ex-
cellent connoisseurs of the merits of
a position. "If they only save a
finger it will do some good," was
General Longstreet's reply, when
his engineer officers complained
that their work on Marye's Hill
was being spoiled by being built
higher by the gunners of the Wash-
ington artillery — who had to fight

LEE IN THE FIELD
THE BEST KNOWN PORTRAIT

behind them. For this reason the
significance of the lines as shown in
many war maps is often very puz-
zling to the students of to-day, who
have never seen the actual field of
operations and have no other guide.
Much of the ground disputed by the
contending forces in our Civil War
was quite unlike the popular con-
ception of a battlefield, derived
from descriptions of European cam-
paigns, or from portrayals of the
same, usually fanciful. For at this
variety of warfare, Lee was a
master, as well as on the rolling
open plains of the Virginia farm.
The portrait of Lee opposite was
taken during the campaign pre-
ceding this test of the Wilderness.
The reproduction here is directly
from the photograph — taken at
Lee's first sitting in war-time, and
his only one " in the field." Re-
productions of this picture painted,
engraved, and lithographed were
widely circulated after the war.
The likeness was much impaired.

an adviser to President Davis. While others were winning
laurels at First Manassas (liull Run) he was trying to direct
from a distance the Confederate attempts to hold what is now
AVest ^^irginia, and in August he took personal charge of the
difficult campaign. There is no denying the fact that he was
not successful. His subordinates were not in accord, his men
Avere ill supplied, the season was inclement, and the country
was unfavorable to military operations. Perhaps a less kindly
conmiander might have accomplished something ; it is more cer-
tain that Lee did not deserve the harsh criticism to which for
tlie moment he was subjected.

He was next assigned to command the Department of
South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, and he showed remark-
able skill in laying down plans of coast defenses which long
held the Union fleet at bay. In INIarch, 1862, he was recalled
to Richmond to direct the military oj^erations of the Confed-
eracy under President Davis, who was not a merely nominal
commander-in-chief. Lee's self-control and balance of char-
acter enabled him to fill the j)ost without friction, and for a
time he was permitted to be with his wife and children, who
were exiles from the confiscated estate of Arlington. He pre-
pai'ed men and suj^plies to oppose IVIcClellan's advance toward
Richmond, and successfully resisted " Joe " Johnston's plan
to withdraw troops from the South and risk all on a pitched
battle with INIcClellan near the capital. When, later, Johnston
was wounded at Seven Pines, the command of the Confederate
army on the Chickahominy devolved upon Lee (June, 1862)
and he was at last in a position to make a full display of his
genius as a strategist and an offensive fighter.

He at once decided, against the opinions of most of his
officers, not to fall back nearer Richmond, and, after sending
J. E. B. Stuart on a scouting circuit of the Union army, he
prepared for the offensive. The attack made on June 26th
failed because " Stonewall " Jackson's fatigued soldiers, who %

:62]

ALL
11 IE ORIGINAL
WAR-TIME PHOTOGRAPHS
OF

RORERT E. LKE

"I believe there were none of the
Uttle things of life so irksome to him
as having his picture taken in any
way," writes Captain Robert E. Lec
of his illustrious father. Lee was
phot()grai)hecl in w^ar-time on three
occasions only: one was in the field,
about 'iji-'aS; the second in Rich-
mond m 18C3; and the third imme-
diately after the surrender, at liis
Richniopd home. Several of the
portraits resulting have appeared in
other volumes of tliis history; all
the rest are presented with tliis chap-
ter. Lee's first sitting produced the
full-length on p<ago 235, Volume II,
and the full-face on the page pre-
ceding tliis — the popular portrait,
much lithographed and engraved,
but rarely shown, as here, from an
original photograph, with the expres-
sion not distorted into a false amia-
bility, but calm and dignified as in
nature. Lee's second sitting was
before Vannerson's camera in Rich-
mond, 1863. Richmond ladies had
made for their hero a set of shirts,
and had begged him to sit for a por-
trait. Lee, yielding, courteously
wore one of the gifts. The amateur
shirtmaking is revealed in the set of
the collar, very high in the neck, as
seen in the photographs on this page.
Another negative of this second oc-

LEE

AT THE HEKiHT OF
HIS FAME
1803

AS

PRESENTED
IN 'i'lllS CHAPTER

AND IN
OTHER VOLUMES

casion, a full-length, is reproduced in
Volume IX, page 123. Tlie tliird
photographing of Lee was done by
Brafly. It was the first opportimity
ol the camera w izard since tlie war
began to preser\'c for posterity the
fine features of the Soutliern hero.
The position selected by Brady was
under the back [jorch of Ijce's home
in Richmond, near the basement
door, on account of th<' better light.
The results were excellent. Three
appear with tliis chapter: a magnifi-
cent three-quarter view, enlarged on
page 63; a full-length, on page 09;
and a group with C'ustis Lee and
Colonel Ta\-lor, on page 67. An-
other view of this group will b^
found on page 83 of Volume I; and
the fifth of these Brady pictm-es, a
seiited profile of Lee alone, on page
23 of Volume HI. An early daguer-
reotypist hail portrayed Lee in
1850 as a young engineer-colonel
— see page 55. The general's later
life is covered by his celebrated pho-
tograph on "Traveler" in Septem-
ber, 1866, on page 121 of Volume
IX; by the two portraits of '67 and
'69 on page 73; by the photograph
with Johnston, taken in 1869, on
page 341 of Volume I, and by the
striking group photograph that
forms the frontispiece to this volume.

had just performed brilliant feats in the Valley of Virginia
were not brought up in time. The next day's struggle
resulted in a Pyrrhic victory for Lee, who was left, how-
ever, in comj^lete control of the north bank of the Chicka-
hominy.

The remainder of the great Seven Days' fighting around
Richmond need not be described. Lee himself did not escape
criticism; he was often badly suj^jjorted; the Federals, as at
Malvei'n Hill, showed themselves to be gallant foes, but the net
result was the retreat of INIcClellan to the shelter of his gun-
boats, the relief of Richmond, and the recognition of Lee as
the chief defender of the South. The Confederate commander
was not fully satisfied, believing that with proper support he
ought to have crushed his adversary. Perhaps he was oversan-
guine, but it is clear that aspiring aggressiveness is a necessary
element in the character of a general who is to impress the
imagination of the world.

His next 2:)rocedure, INIcClellan having again begun to
retreat, was to join Jackson against Pope, who had been threat-
ening the Piedmont region. After complicated operations,
in which the Federal general showed much bewilderment, and
after daringly dividing his army in order to enable Jackson to
move on Pope's rear, Lee won the complete victory of Second
Manassas on August 30, 1862. Despite his inferior numbers,
his aggressiveness and his ability to gage his opponents had
enabled him to rid Virginia of Federal forces, and he re-
solved to invade JNIaryland. Davis acquiesced in his far-
sighted plan, and the march began on September 5th. The
detaching of Jackson to take Harper's Ferry and the loss of
one of Lee's orders, which fell into McClellan's hands, soon
gave a somewhat sinister turn to the campaign. Lee's boldness
and extraordinary capacity on the field enabled him, however,
to fight the drawn battle of Sharpsburg, or Antietam, on Sep-
tember 17th with remarkable skill, yet with dreadful losses to

[64]

COPYRIGHT, 1911, REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

LEE--THE GENERAL WHO SHOULDERED "ALL THE RESPONSIBILITY"

The nobility revealed by the steadfast lips, the flashing eyes in this magnificent portrait is reflected by a happening a few days before
its taking. It was 1865. The forlorn hope of the Confederacy had failed. Gordon and Fitzhugh Lee had attacked the Federal lines
on April 9th, but found them impregnable. Lee heard the news, and said: "Then there is nothing left me but to go and see General
Grant." — "Oh, General, what will history say to the surrender of the army in the field.'" — Lee's reply is among the finest of his
utterances: "Yes, I know they will say hard things of us; they will not understand how we were overwhelmed by numbers; but that
is not the question, Colonel; the question is, is it right to surrender this army.-' If it is right, then I will take all the responsibility."

both sides. In the end he was forced to withdraw into Virginia,
the campaign, from at least the pohtical point of view, having,
proved a faihn'e. As a test of efficient handhng of troops in
battle, Antietam, however, is a crowning point in Lee's mili-
tary career.

The Army of Northern Virginia repassed the Potomac in
good order, and Lee took up his headquarters near Winchester,
doing his best to obtain supplies and to recruit his forces.
Here, as later, one sees in him a figure of blended dignity and
pathos, making a deep appeal to the imagination. His bearing
and attire befitted the commander of one of the most efficient
armies ever brought together; yet his most impressive quali-
ties were his poise, his considerateness for others, his forget-
fulness of self. No choice morsel for him while sick and
woimded soldiers were within reach of his ministrations. Bul-
lets might be whizzing around him, but he would stoop to pick
up and care for a stunned young bird. No wonder that when,
on a desperate day in the Wilderness, he attempted to head a
charge, his lovingly indignant soldiers forced him back. They
had visions of a hapless South deprived of its chief champion.
To-day their sons have visions of a South fortunate in being
a contented part of a great, undivided country and in possess-
ing that choicest of possessions, a hero in whom power and
charm are mingled in equal measure.

But we must take up once more our thin thread of narra-
tive. Burnside superseded IMcClellan, and Lee, with the sup-
port of Longstreet and " Stonewall " Jackson, encountered him
at Fredericksburg, where, on December 13, 1862, the Federals
suffered one of the most disastrous defeats of the war. Hooker
succeeded Burnside and began oj)erations well by obtaining
at Chancellorsville a position in Lee's rear. Then came the
tremendous fighting of JNIay 2 and 3, 1863, followed by Hook-
er's retreat across the Rap^^ahannock on the 6th. The Confed-

[06]

COPYRiGHT, 1911, REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

LEE IN RICHMOND AFTER THE WAR

The quiet distinction and dignity of the Confederate leader appears particularly in this group portrait —
always a trying ordeal for the central figure. Superbly calm he sits, the general who laid down arms totally
unembittered, and set a magnificent example to his followers in peace as he had in war. Lee strove after the
fall of the Confederacy, with all his far-reaching influence, to allay the feeling aroused by four years of the
fiercest fighting in history. This photograph was taken by Brady in 1865, in the basement below the back
porch of Lee's Franklin Street house in Richmond. On his right stands General G. W. C. Lee, on his left,
Colonel Walter Taylor. This is one of five ])hotographs taken by Brady at this time. A second and third
are shown on pages 65 and 69, a fourth on page 83 of Volume I, and a fifth on page 23 of Volume III.

[i>-5]

Sobn't IE. SI^^ ^ 4- 4- ^ 4-

erate victory was dearly paid for, not only in common soldiers
but in the death of " Stonewall " Jackson.

Weakened though Lee was, he determined upon another
invasion of the North — his glorious, but ill-fated, Gettys-
burg camjiaign. Was it justifiable before those three days
of fierce fighting that ended in Pickett's charge? Was Lee
merely candid, not magnanimous, when he took upon himself
the responsibility for the failure of his brilliant j^lans; or are
his biographers in the right when they seek to relieve him at
the expense of erring and recalcitrant subordinates? In his
confidence in himself and his army, did he underrate the
troops and the commander ojjj^osing him? Could JNIeade, after
July 3d, have crushed Lee and materially shortened the war?

However these military questions may be finally answered,
if final answers are ever obtained, Lee's admirers need feel little
apjirehension for his fame. The genius to dare greatly and the
character to suffer calmly have always been and will always be
the chief attributes of the world's su})reme men of action.
These, in splendid measure, are the attributes of Lee, and they
were never more conspicuously displayed than in the Gettys-
bin-g camj^aign. Success is not always a true measure of great-
ness, but insistence upon success as a standard is a very good
measure for a certain kind of smallness.

Meade not acting on the offensive, Lee began to retreat
and at last got his army across the Potomac. INIeade followed
him into Virginia, but no important fighting was done in that
State during the remainder of 1863, a year in which the Con-
federacy fared badly elsewhere. Lee suggested that he should
be relieved by a younger man, but President Davis was too
wise to accede, and the Southern cause was assured of its cham-
pion, even tliough the gaunt forms of famine and defeat kept
drawing nearer and nearer.

Lee's army suffered severely during the winter of 1863-
64 in the defenses behind the Rapidan, but its chief bore all
privations with a simple Christian fortitude that renders super-

G8

COPYRIGHT, 1911, REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

LEE IN 1865

The gniy-hairetl man who wears his uniform with such high distinction is the
general who had shown every kind of bravery known to the soldier, including the
supreme courage to surrender his army in the field when he saw that further fighting
would be a useless sacrifice of lives. This was a photograph taken by Brady,
shortly before Lee left his home to become president of Washington University.

ISnb^rt IE. fo^ ^ ^ ^

fluous any reference to Roman stoicism. With the spring he
girded himself to meet his future conqueror, Grant, in cam-
paigns which proved that, although he himself could he finally
crushed by weight of numbers, he was nevertheless the greater
master of the art of war. Grant's army was nearly twice as
large as that of Lee, but this superiority was almost neutral-
ized by the fact that he was taking the offensive in the tangled
region known as the Wilderness. The fighting througliout
IMay and June, 1864, literally defies description. Grant at last
had to cease maneuvering and to fight his way out to a junc-
tion with Butler on the James. He would attack time and
again with superb energy, only to be thrown back with heavy
losses. Lee used his advantage of fighting on interior lines
and his greater knowledge of the country, and so prevented
any effective advance on Richmond. Finally, after the ter-
rible slaughter at Cold Harbor, he forced Grant to cease
hammering. Yet, after all, the Federal commander was not
outfouglit. He had to submit to the delay involved in tak-
ing Petersburg before he could take Richmond, but the fall
of the Confederate cajjital was inevitable, since his own losses
could be made up and Lee's could not.

On June 18, 1864, Lee's forces joined in the defense of
Petersburg, and Grant was soon entrenching himself for the
siege of the town. The war had entered upon its final stage,
as Lee clearly perceived. The siege lasted until the end of
jNIarch, 1865, Grant's ample supjilies rendering his victory cer-
tain, despite the fact that when he tested the fighting quality
of liis adversaries he found it unimpaired. In one sense it was
sheer irony to give Lee, in February, 1865, the commander-
sliip-in-chief of the Confederate armies ; yet the act was the out-
ward sign of a spiritual fact, since, after all, he was and had
long been the true Southern conmiander, and never more so
than when he bore privation with his troops in the wintry
trenches around Petersburg.

[70]

These twelve members of General Robert E. Lee's stcaff surrendered with him at Appomattox Court House, and with liim signed a
parole drawn up by (Irant, to the effect that they would not take up arms against the I'nitcd States until or unless they were exchanged.
This military medallion was devised by the photographer Rockwell during General Lee's stay in Richmond in A])ril, 1805. These
facts are furnished by jNLajor Giles B. Cooke (No. 12, above), who had verified them by writing General Lee himself after the surrender.

Late in JNIarch and early in April, the Federals made Lee's
position untenable, and he pressed on to Amelia Court House,
where the expected supplies failed him, Richmond having
meanwhile surrendered on April 3, I860. Grant, drawing
near, sent Lee on April 7th a courteous call to surrender. Lee,
still hoping against hope for supplies, asked Grant's terms.
Before the final surrender he took his chance of breaking
through the opposing lines, but found them too strong. Then
he sent a flag of truce to Grant, and a little before noon on
April 9th held a meeting with him in a house at Appomattox
Court House. It is superfluous to say that in his bearing at the
interview and in the terms he offered his exhausted foes, Grant
illustrated as completely the virtue of magnanimity as Lee
did that of dignified resignation.

With tears in his eyes, Lee told his ragged but still un-
daunted veterans that their cause was lost. Then he issued a
noble address to the survivors of his army, received visits from
old friends among his opponents, and rode away on " Traveller"
toward Richmond. In the fallen cajjital, even the Federal
troops greeted him with enthusiasm, and he was at last once
more in the bosom of his family. In June, he went to the coun-
try for rest, and later in the summer he acce])ted the presidency
of Washington College at Lexington, now Washington and
Lee University. He had previously refused many gifts and
offers of positions which seemed tainted by mercenary consid-
erations.

As a college president, General Lee both in character and
in poise of intellect ranks with the first. During the five years
of his administration the institution prospered financially, and
the course of studies was liberally enlarged, no narrow military
conceptions being allowed to prevail. He was as beloved by
his students as he had been by his soldiers, and he was content
with his small sphere of influence, declining most wisely to
accept the governorship of the State and a political career

[72]

f4

\A<:K in 1867 LEE IN 18(59

i'wksidiont ok wasiitngton cohhkc.k, t.ateu tiik vioau bicfokk his dioatii at tiiio ack

\vasiiin(;t()n anu l,ek university of sixtv-tiihioe

THE DECLINING YEARS

In these portraits the bright eyes of the daring leader have lost none of their fire; the handsome head
still remains erect. In October, 1865, Lee had been installed as president of Washington College at
Lexington, Virginia, later named in his honor Washington and Lee University. Under his manage-
ment new chairs were founded, the scheme of study enlarged, and from the moral side it woultl have
been impossible to secure finer results. Lee's greatness of soul was shown in the way in which he
urged the Southern people loyally to accept the result of the war. On the morning of October H,
1870, at the age of sixty-three, he died — mourned throughout the LTnion which he had helj)ed to
reunite, and throughout the civilized world, which had watched with admiration his gallant fight and
nobility of soul. "To those who saw his composure under the greater and lesser trials of life,"
wrote Colonel William Preston Johnson, his intimate friend, "and his justice and forbearance with
the most unjust and uncharitable, it seemed scarcely credible that his serene soul was shaken by the
evil that raged around him. " On his dying bed he fought over the great battles of the war. How
strongly he felt his responsibility is shown by nearly his last words: "Tell Hill he must come up."

'IJ Unhurt 4$. ^ ^ ^ ^

for which neither his years nor his temperament fitted
liim.

His health, which had begun to be impaired in 1863, grad-
ually failed him, and in 1869 grew somewhat alarming. In
the spring of 1870, he took a trip South with little result, and
then he went to some s])rings for the summer. He resumed his
duties at the college, but soon was taken ill in consequence of an
accidental exposure, and after a short illness he died on Octo-
ber 12, 1870. His last words were of the war and his often
dilatory subordinates: " Tell Hill he must come up."

Tributes came from friend and foe, and now, after forty
years have passed, they continue to come. Lee is to the South-
ern people and to many military experts in foreign countries
the greatest commander of armies that America has ever pro-
duced. He is to all who have studied his cliaracter, and to
many who have merely heard or read of him in a general way,
one of the noblest of men. He is the ideal gentleman, not
merely of Nature's making, but of race and breeding; in other
words, a true aristocrat. Yet to his aristocratic virtues, he
added the essentially democratic virtues, and he was an ideal
Christian as well as an ideal gentleman and man.

Lee's rank among the great men of the world is not so
easy to determine, yet it seems clear that he must be named
with the greatest of all time, with soldiers like JNIarlborough,
for example, and that an additional luster attaches to his fame
which few other great captains enjoy, since he attracts sympa-
thy and love almost more than he does admiration. JNIore
completely perhaps than any other modern man of Anglo-
Saxon stock he is qualified to be at once a hero of history and
a hero of romance. He is the representative of a people that
has suffered; hence his character and career possess a unique
spiritual value not fully to be estimated by those who apply
to him the normal tests of historical greatness.

Ill

SHERMAN

A LEADER WHO FOUGHT, BUT WHO WON MORE
BY MARCHES THAN OTHERS WON BY FIGHTING

MAJOR-GENERAL
WILLIAM T. SHERMAN
AND HIS GENERALS

This photograph shows Sher-
man with seven major-generals
who " went through" with him
— fighting their way to Atlanta,
and marching on the famous ex-
pedition from Atlanta to the
sea and north through the Car-
olinas to the battle of Benton-
ville and Johnston's surrender.

From left to right they are:

MaJOK-G ENERAL

O. O. Howard
Commanding the Army of tlie
Tennessee

Majob-General
J. A. Logan
Formerly Commanding the
Army of the Tennessee

Major-Gexeral
W. B. Hazen
Commanding a Division in the
Fifteenth Army Corps

Major-General
W. T. Sherman
Commanding the Military Divi-
sion of the Mississippi

Major-General
Jeff C. Davis
Commanding the Fourteenth
Army Corps

Major-General
H. W. Slocum
Commanding the Army of
Georgia

Major-General
J. A. Mower
Commanding the Twentieth
Army Corps

[76]

COPYRIGHT, 1911, R£vi£W OF REVIEWS

WILLIAM TECUMSEH SHERMAN

By Walter L. Fleming, Ph.D.
Professor of History, Louisiana State University

THE armies of the United States were led in 1864-65 by-
two generals, to whom, more than to any other military
leaders, was due the final victory of the Northern forces. Both
Grant and Sherman were Western men; both were somewhat
unsuccessful in the early years of the war and attained success
rather late ; to both of them the great opportunity finalh^ came,
in 1863, in the successful movement which opened the JNIis-
sissippi, and their rewards were the two highest commands
in the Federal army and the personal direction of the two
great masses of men which were to crush the life out of the
weakening Confederacy. Grant was the chief and Sherman
his lieutenant, but some military critics hold that the latter
did more than his chief to bring the war to an end. They were
friends and were closely associated in military matters after
1862; in temperament and in military methods each supple-
mented the other, and each enabled the other to push his plans
to success.

William Tecumseh Sherman was born in Lancaster, Ohio,
February 8, 1820. The family was of New England origin,
and had come to America from England in the seventeenth
century. About two hundred years later, Sherman's father
and mother migrated to what was then the unsettled W^est and
made their home in Ohio. His father, a lawyer and in his later
years a justice of the Ohio Supreme Court, died in 1829, leav-
ing a large family of children without adequate support. The
subject of this sketch was adopted into the family of Thomas
Ew'ing, who was later United States senator, and Secretary of
S the Interior in the cabinets of Harrison and Tyler. The boy

I [78]

i,UH>HHjMI, 1311, HEView Uf HEVI£V\& CO.

BEFORE THE MARCH TO THE SEA

These two photographs of General Sherman were taken in 1864 — the year that made him an mter-
national figure, before his march to the sea which electrified the civilized world, and exposed once for
all the crippled condition of the Confederacy. After that autumn expedition, the problem of the
Union generals was merely to contend with detached armies, no longer with the combined States of the
Confederacy. The latter had no means of extending further support to the dwindlmg troops in the
field. Sherman was the chief Union exponent of the tactical gift that makes marches count as much
as fighting. In the early i)art of 1864 he made his famous raid across Mississippi from Jackson to
^Meridian and back again, destroying the railroads, Confederate stores, and other property, and des-
olating the country along the line of march. In May he set out from Chattanooga for the invasion of
Georgia. For his success m this campaign he was appointed, on August 12th, a major-general in the
regular army. On November 12th, he started with the pick of his men on his march to the sea.
After the capture of Savannah, December 21st, Sherman's fame was secure; yet he was one of the
most heartily execrated leaders of the war. There is a hint of a smile in the right-hand picture. The
left-hand portrait reveals all the sternness and determination of a leader surrounded by dangers,
about to penetrate an enemy's coimtry against the advice of accepted military authorities.

grew up with the Western country in which he hved, among
energetic, brainy farmers, lawyers, and pohticians, the state-
makers of the West.

When sixteen years of age, Sherman secured an appoint-
ment to West Point, where he tells us " I was not considered
a good soldier." But he was at least a good student, for he
graduated as number six in a class of forty -two, the survivors
of one hundred and forty-one who had entered four years be-
fore.

After graduation, in 1840, he was assigned to the Third
Artillery, with which he served for six years in the Southern
States, mainly in Florida and Soutli Carolina. In South Car-
olina, he made the acquaintance of the political and social lead-
ers of the South. At this time, in fact up to the Civil War,
Sherman was probably better acquainted with Southern life
and Southern conditions than with Northern. He spent some
of his leisure time in the study of his profession and finally
attacked the study of law.

INlost of the next ten j^ears was spent in California, where
he was sent, in 1846, at the outbreak of the INIexican War. As
aide to Generals S. W. Kearny, JNIason, and Smith, in turn,
Sherman was busy for four j^ears in assisting to untangle the
problems of the American occupation.

In 1850, he returned to Ohio and was married to Senator
Ewing's daughter, Ellen Boyle Ewing, a woman of strong
character and fine intellect, who for thirty-six years was to
him a genuine helj^meet. About the same time, he was made
captain in the Commissary Department and served for a short
time in St. Louis and New Orleans, resigning early in 1853
that he might return to California to take charge of a banking
establishment, a branch house of Lucas, Turner and Company,
of St. Louis.

During this second period of life in California, we see
Sherman as a business man — a banker. He was cautious and

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COPYRIGHT, 1911 REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

SHERMAN IN 1865

If Sherman was deemed merciless in war, he was superbly generous when the fighting
was over. To Joseph E. Johnston he offered most liberal terms of surrender for the
Southern armies. Their acceptance would have gone far to prevent the worst of the
reconstruction enormities. Unfortunately his first convention with Johnston was
disapproved. The death of Lincoln had removed the guiding hand that would have
meant so much to the nation. To those who have read his published correspondence
and his memoirs Sherman appears in a very human light. He was fluent and fre-
quently reckless in speech and writing, but his kindly humanity is seen in both.

successful, and soon his bank was considered one of the best
on the Pacific coast. This was due mainly to the prudent
management by which the institution was enabled to weather
the storm that destroyed nearly all the Californian banks in
1856-57. But Sherman had always rejjorted to his headquar-
ters in St. Louis that the bank could not make profits under
the existing conditions, and in 1857 his advice was accepted and
the business closed.

From 1853 to 1857, Sherman apjjears in but one con-
spicuous instance in another role than that of banker. In 1856,
he accejjted the appointment of general of militia in order to
put down the Vigilantes, an organization formed in San Fran-
cisco to crush the lawlessness which had come as a natural re-
sult of the weakness and corruption of the local government.
He sympathized with the meml)ers of the organization in their
desire to jiut down disorder, but maintained that the proper
authorities should be forced to remedy matters, and that illegal
methods of repressing crime should not be tolerated. For a
time it seemed that he would succeed, but the local authorities
were much disliked and distrusted by the peoj^le, and the prom-
ised support was not given him by the United States military
authorities, with the result that his plans failed.

During the next two years, Sherman decided that as a
business man he was a failure. In his letters, he vigorously as-
serts it as a fact; and in truth his business career must have
been extremely unsatisfactory to him. In spite of good man-
agement, the San Francisco venture had failed. For a few
months afterward he was in charge of another branch of the
same business in New York, and, during the great panic of
1857, this also was discontinued on account of the failure of
the main house in St. Louis. Then he went to Kansas, decided
to jjractise law and was admitted to the bar, " on general in-
telligence," he said, and with his brother-in-law formed the law
firm of Ewing, Sherman and McCook.

[82]

COPYRIGHT 1911, REVIEWS OF REVIEWS CO.

SHERMAN IN 1876

A SOLDIER TO THE END

The lull figure of "Old Tt'cuiiiscir' in 1S7G, though crowned with gray, still stood erect and com-
manding. Upon the appointment of Grant as full general, in July, 1866, Sherman had been pro-
moted to the lieutenant-generalship. When Grant became President of the United States, March
4, 1869, Sherman succeeded him as general. An attempt was made to run him against Grant in
1872, but he emphatically refused to allow his name to be used. He retired from the army on full
pay in February, 1884. Although he was practically assured of the Republican nomination for
President that year, he telegraphed that he would not accept the nomination if given, and would
not serve if elected. He spent his later years among his old army associates, attending reunions,
making speeches cit soldiers" celebrations, and jiutting his papers in order for future historians. He
resolutely refused all inducements to enter the political arena, and to the end he remained a soldier.
[D-6]

Sherman's law career, as he described it, was rather
humorous. He lost his only case, a dispute over the possession
of a shanty, but joined with his client to defeat the judgment
by removing the house at night. Afterward, he undertook
army contracts for constructing military roads and opened
a large tract of Kansas wild land for Senator Ewing. Dis-
gusted with business life, Sherman decided to reenter the army,
and ajjplied for a paymastership. But his friends of the War
Dejiartment recommended him instead for the superintendency
of the Louisiana State Seminary (now the Louisiana State
University), then being organized. He was elected to that
position in August, 1859, and for a third time he made his home
in the South.

He was an efficient college executive; the seminary was
soon organized and running like clockwork, students and in-
structors all under the careful direction of the superintendent,
who very soon became a general favorite, not only with " his
boys " but with the faculty of young Virginian professors.
He had no regular classes, but gave episodical instruction in
American history and geograjjhy, and on Fridays conducted
the " sjDeaking." He was a good story-teller, and frequently
his room would be crowded with students and young professors,
listening to his descriptions of army life and of the great West.

He was a firm believer in expansion and " our manifest des-
tiny," and frequently lectured to students and visitors on those
events in American history which resulted in the rounding-out
of the national domain. It was due, perhajjs, to his long
residence in the far West that he regarded slavery as in no
sense the cause of the sectional troubles of 1860-61. It was
all the result, he maintained, of the machinations of unscrupu-
lous politicians scheming for power, working upon a restless
people who were suffering from an overdose of Democracy. It
is clear that Sherman, while appreciating both the Northern

[84]

SHERIMAN'S LEADERS IN THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN

Alplieus S. Williams, Leader of a Division Edward M. McCook, Dashing Leader of a Wager Swayne, Originally Colonel of the
under General Joseph Hooker. Cavalry Division in Front of Atlanta. iSd Ohio, Brevetted Major-General.

. ®. g^Ijrrman ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

and the Southern points of view, did not fully comprehend the
forces which for years had been driving the sections apart.

When Louisiana seceded, Sherman announced publicly
what was already generally known — that he would not remain
at the seminary ; that he would take no part against the United
States. It is said that he wept bitterly when he heard of the
withdrawal of South Carolina. One of the strongest argu-
ments against secession was, in his opinion, the geographic
one. Familiar Avith all the Southern country, especially the
JNIississippi valley, he insisted that Nature itself had already
decided the question against secession and that the South ought
to struggle within the Union for redress of grievances. He
believed that the South, though itself at fault, was aggrieved.
He could not be prevailed upon to remain, and in February,
1861, he left the seminary and the State.

Sherman at once went to Washington where he found the
politicians busy, and as they and Lincoln were " too radical "
to suit him, he left, profanely declaring that " the politicians
have got the country into this trouble; now let them get it out."
For two months he was president of a street-railway company
in St. Louis, and while here he was a witness of the division of
Missouri into hostile camps. He watched the North while it
gradually made up its mind to fight, and then he offered his
services to the War Department, and was appointed colonel of
the Thirteenth United States Infantry.

Sherman's military career falls into four rather distinct
parts: The INIanassas, or Bull Run, campaign, and Kentucky,
in 1801; the Shiloh-Corinth campaign, in 1862; the opening
of the jNlississippi, in 1863; the campaigns in Georgia and
the Carolinas, in 1864-65. During the first two years, he
was making mistakes, getting experience, and learning his pro-
fession. In the third campaign, his military reputation was
made secure, and in the last one he crushed half the Confed-
eracy mainly by his destructive marches.

At Bull Run, or INIanassas, he commanded a brigade with

[80]

Thos. H. Ruger Coniiiiaiulcd a Hrigadf J. (i. \'('atch. Division Lt-adcr in the
under General Hooker. Sixteenth Army Corps.

Morgan L. Smith, Leader of tlie
Second Division, Fourteentli Corp.s.

LEADERS IN THE
ATLANTA CAMPAIGN-
GROUP No. 2

COMMANDERS OF BRIGADES
AND DIVISIONS WHICH FOUGHT

UNDER Mcpherson, thomas

AND HOOKER IN THE CAMPAIGN
FOR ATLANTA, SUMMER OF 'C4

J. D. Cox Commanded a Division
under General Sehofield.

M. D. Manson, Brigade Leader in the
Twenty-third Corps.

Charles Cruft Commanded a Brigade
under General Stanley.

J. A. J. Lightburn Led a Division in
the Army of the Tennessee.

W. L. Elliott, Chief of Cavalry under
General Thomas

credit, and though it was routed he quickly restored its organ-
ization and morale, and for this he was made a brigadier-gen-
eral of volunteers.

Transferred to Kentucky to assist General Robert An-
derson, his former commander, in organizing the Federals of
Kentucky, he came near ruining his career by the frankness
of his speech to the Secretary of War and to the newspaper
men. The administration evidently desired to minimize the
gravity of the situation in the West, but Sherman insisted that
to hold Kentucky sixty thousand men were necessary, and to
open the valley to the Gulf two hundred thousand would be
needed. He was better acquainted with the Southern temper
than were the Northern politicians and the newspapers, some
of which now declared him insane for making such a statement.
He was hounded by them for several months and was almost
driven from the service. The course of the war showed that
he was correct.

During the next year was begun the movement to open
the Mississippi valle3^ From the beginning of the war this
had been one of Sherman's favorite projects. It was a West-
ern feeling that the river must be opened, that the valley must
belong to one people. Sherman saw service in responsible com-
mands in the Shiloh-Corinth campaign. At Shiloh, he, like
the other Federal and Confederate commanders, was hardly
at his best; all of them still had much to learn. But in the
rather uneventful Corinth military promenade, Sherman be-
gan to show his wonderful capacity for making marches count
as much as fighting. He was now regarded as one of the best
minor leaders, was no longer considered insane, and was made
a major-general of volunteers as a reward for his services in
the campaign.

In the Vicksburg campaign of 1863, which completed the
opening of the INIississippi and cut in two the Confederacy,
Sherman bore a consjjicuous part, first under IVIcClernand and

Charles Candy Led a Brigade in
Geary's Division of the Twentieth
Corps.

later under Grant. It was the successful termination of the
A'^icksburg camj^aign which made secm-e the military reputa-
tions of both Grant and Sherman. Their good fame was
enhanced by the subsidiary campaigns into the interior of
INIississippi, and by the battle on JNIissionary Ridge, in Ten-
nessee. Henceforth, " political " generals were less in evidence
and the professional soldiers came to the front. Grant was
called to exercise the chief command over all the armies of the
Union. To Sherman, who was now made a brigadier-general
of regulars, was given tlie supervision of the entire Southwest,
embracing practically all of the military frontier not imder
Grant's immediate control. He was to direct the chief army
which was to strike at the vitals of the lower Soutli, and to
exercise general supervision over the military operations in
Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, and Arkansas, which were
designed to make secure the hold of the Federals upon the
lower ISIississippi valley.

The river was held, and the army of one hundred thousand
men, under the immediate command of Sherman, carried to suc-
cessful conclusion, in 186-i Co, three campaigns — that against
Atlanta, the " store-house of the Confederacy," for which he
was made major-general in the regidar army, the march
through Georgia to the sea, cutting the Confederacy in two
a second time, and the campaign through the Carolinas, which
was designed to crush the two principal armies of the South
between Sherman's and Grant's forces.

For three months of the Atlanta campaign — May, June,
and July — Sherman was pitted against Joseph E. Johnston,
one of the Confederacy's greatest generals, the one best qual-
ified to check Slierman's march. 3?ut Johnston, with his smaller
force, fell back slowly from one strong position to another,
holding each until flanked by Sherman, who could make prog-
ress in no otlier way. When Atlanta was reached, Johnston
was superseded by John B. Hood, who at once initiated an

M. U. I^>ggi'tt, Division William Harrow Commanded John W. Fuller, Leader of a I'homas W. Sweeny Led a
Leader in Hlairs Corps. Division in Logan's Corps, Division in Dodge's Corps. Division in Dodge's Corps.

W. W. Belknap, Promoted in John B. Turchin, Leader in William F. Ward Led a Di- Jolm W. Sprague, Leader in
Front of Atlanta. the Fourteenth Corps. vision under Hooker. the Sixteenth Corps.

offensive policy but was severely defeated in several battles dur-
ing the latter days of July and in August. For his success in
this camj^aign, Sherman was made a major-general in the reg-
ular army. Finally Hood evacuated Atlanta, started on the
fatal Tennessee campaign, and left the Federal commander
free to move on through the almost undefended countrj^ to
the Atlantic seaboard.

Sherman had provided for the defense of Tennessee and
had garrisoned the important exposed posts which he considered
it necessary to retain. On November 12, 1864, communications
with the North were severed. He started with sixty-two thou-
sand men on the " promenade " through Georgia, and for a
month was not heard from except through Confederate
sources. In December, Savannah was captured and was made
a Federal base of supplies. Then began the march to the
North through the Carolinas, which was much more difficult
than the march to the sea, and Sherman was again confronted
with his old antagonist, Joseph E. Johnston, who had been
placed in command of the remnants of the Confederate forces.
But the contest was more unequal than it had been in 1864,
and when Lee surrendered in Virginia, Johnston in North
Carolina gave ujd the struggle, and the war was practically
at an end.

Here it is proper to add an estimate of the military quali-
ties of the great Federal commander. Like the other success-
ful commanders, he attained the fullness of his powers slowly.
Not all military experts agree that he was a great commander
on the battlefield, and in his successful campaigns he was gen-
erally pitted against weaker Confederate forces, acting (Hood
excepted) uniformly on the defensive. Sherman's armies had
no such experiences as did those which o])posed Robert E. Lee.
He was aided by such blunders of his opponents as were never
made by Lee. But all agree that under the military and

[92]

Jos. A. Cooper Commandecl a Brigade M. F. Force Commanded a Brigade John II. King Commanded a Division
in the Twenty-third Corps. uiicier Blair. in the Fourteenth Corps.

LEADERS IN THE

ATLANTA AND
NASHVILLE CAMPAIGNS

GENERAI; OI-^FICERS

CONSPICUOUS IN Sherman's

ADVANCE AND SOME
WHO PROTECTED THE FLANK
AND REAR OF HIS ARMY

Milo S. Ha.scall, Leader of a Division
in the Twenty-third Corps.

David S. Stanley, Leader of the H. M. Judah Commanded a Division Charles C. Walcutt, Leader of a
Fourth Corps; an All-around Soldier. of the Twenty-third Corps. Brigade in the Fifteenth Corps.

W. ®. ^Ij^rman -^^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^

economic conditions existing in the Southwest, Sherman was
preeminently fitted to undertake the task of breaking to pieces
the weakening South. He was a great strategist if not so
successful as a tactician ; he won more by marches than others
by fighting; he had a genius for large conceptions, and with his
clear comprehension of Southern conditions he was able to
strike with irresistible force at the weak points in the defense.
Thus it was, according to Robert E. Lee, that he Avas enabled
to give the Confederacy a mortal wound before any of its
armies surrendered.

One feature of Sherman's campaigns, after leaving At-
lanta, has been severely criticised. Much of the destruction of
private property in Georgia and South Carolina, it is held, was
not only unnecessary but amounted to cruelty in depriving
the j)opulation of the necessities of life. Woodrow Wilson
says of the work of the armies under Sherman's command:
" They had devoted themselves to destruction and the stripping
of the land they crossed with a thoroughness and a care for de-
tails hardly to be matched in the annals of modern warfare —
each soldier played the marauder very heartily." Sherman
himself intimated that the march would " make Georgia howl,"
and would " make its inhabitants feel that war and ruin are
synonymous terms." The most intense feeling on the subject
still exists in the communities over which Sherman marched in
1864 65, a feeling which does not exist against any other com-
mander on either side, nor against Sherman himself in the
regions over which he fought before 1864.

That Sherman himself did not intend to go beyond the
limits of legitimate warfare is clear, and the unfortunate ex-
cesses were due mainly to the somewhat demoralized discipline
of the troops, to the fact that they were in the midst of a hostile
country, to the increasing bitterness that had developed as
the war j)rogressed, to the natural development of the permit-
ted " foraging " into reckless plundering, and in part to certain
) characteristics of Sherman himself, which probably affected the

[94]

COPYRIGHT, 1911, REVrEW OF REVIEWS CO.

WHO ENDED THE WAR IN THE NORTHW EST AND SOUTHWEST

ARMY AND CORPS LEADERS

As Sherman cut the southeastern Con-
federacy in two by his march to the sea,
so Sheridan (center of group above) and
Canby (shown below) wiped off the map
the theaters of war in the northwest and
southwest respectively. With Merritt
and Torbert, and the dasliing Custer,
Sheridan swept the Shenandoah Valley.
Canby, as commander of the military
division of West Mississippi, directed the
Mobile campaign of March-April, 18G5,
which resulted in the occupation by the
Federals of Mobile and Montgomerj'. A
raid by James H. Wilson (second from
right) had prepared the way for this re-
sult. In May, 1865, Canby received the
surrender of the Confederate forces under
Generals R. Taylor and E. lurby Smith,
the largest Confederate forces which sur-

GENERAL EDWARD R. S. C.\I>fBY

rendered at the end of the war. The cav-
alry leaders in the upper picture are, from
left to right: Generals Wesley Merritt,
David McM. Gregg, Phihp Henry Sher-
idan, Henry E. Davies, James Harrison
Wilson, and Alfred T. A. Torbert. Wil-
son was given the cavalry corps of the
military district of the Mississippi in
1805, and Torbert commanded the cav-
alry corps of the Army of the Shenandoah
under Sheridan. The.se six great leaders
are among the men who handled the
Federal cavalry in its last days, welding
it into the splendid, efficient, aggressive,
fighting force that finally overwhelmed
the depleted ranks of their Confederate
opponents, Forrest and WTieeler in the
West and Rosser, Lomax, Stuart, the
two Lees and Hampton in the East.

jjolicy of liis corps commanders, who were more directly charged
with the conduct of the troops. But if Sherman was merciless
in war, he was superbly generous when the fighting was over.

When Grant was made President, Sherman succeeded him
as general of the army, and knowing Grant's views to coincide
with his own, he hoped so to reorganize the army that the com-
manding general, not the Secretary of War, v/ould be the real
head of the army. With Grant's assistance the reforms were
imdertaken, but they lasted less than a month, the political pres-
sure upon the President in favor of the old system being too
strong for him to bear. Sherman and Grant then drifted
apart; the former could do little toward carrying out his plans
for the betterment of the army, and finally, to escape unpleas-
ant treatment, he removed his headquarters to St. Louis where
he remained until President Hayes invited him to return to
Washington and inaugurate his cherished plans of army ad-
ministration. This pleasing professional situation continued
until Sherman's retirement, in 1884.

During his later years, he sjjent most of his time in New
York among old army associates, attending reunions, making
speeches at soldier's celebrations, and putting his papers in
order for the use of future historians. He died in New York
on February 14, 1891, aged seventj^-one years. He was buried,
as he wished, in St. Louis, by the side of his wife and his little
son, who had died nearly thirty years before. Inconspicuous
among the many generals who went to New York to do honor
to the dead leader was a quiet old gentleman in civilian dress —
Sherman's ablest antagonist in war, Joseph L. Johnston, and
l)y the side of the grave at St. Louis was one of his old Louisi-
ana colleagues, jjroud of his unique experience, " a professor
under Sherman and a soldier under ' Stonewall ' Jackson."

i

IV

JACKSON

THOMAS J. JACKSON IN THE FORTIES

A PORTRAIT TAKEN DURING THE MEXICAN WAR,
WHERE JACKSON SERVED AS A SECOND
LIEUTENANT, THE YEAR AFTER HIS
GRADUATION FROM WEST POINT

STONEWALL JACKSON— A MEMORY

By Allen C. Redwood

F'ifty-pfth Virginia Regiment, Confederate States Army

WHEN the early details of the first important collision
between the contending forces in Virginia, in 1861, be-
gan to come in, some prominence was given to the item relating
how a certain brigade of Virginia troops, recruited mostly from
the Shenandoah valley and the region adjacent to the Blue
Ridge, had contributed, largely by their steadiness under fire,
almost for the first time, to the sustaining of the hard-pressed
and Avavering Confederate left flank, and the subsequent con-
version of what had threatened to be a disastrous defeat to the
Southern arms into a disorderly and utter rout of the opposing
army.

War was a very new experience to most of that genera-
tion, and the capacity for absorbing sensational bulletins was
commensurate with the popular expectation, if it did not ex-
ceed it. Those of us who were as yet doing the commonplace
duty of detached garrisons, were consumed with envy of our
more fortiniate comrades who had taken part in what then
seemed the great battle of the war and which our inexperience
even conjectured might determine the pending issues. A man
who had " been at Manassas " might quite safely draw upon
his imagination to almost any extent in relating its happen-
ings, with no fear that the drafts would not be duly honored by
our credulity. As to the civilian element, its appetite was
bounded only by the supply ; like poor little Oliver Twist, it con-
tinually presented its porringer, eagerly demanding " more! "

Of this mass of fiction — of luithreshed grain — there re-
mains yet one kernel of veracious history, and the incident was
predestined to exercise significant and far-reaching influence

THOMAS JONATHAN JACKSON

AS FIRST LIEUTENANT, U. S. A.

Jackson's very soul impressed itself on the glass of this early negative through his striking features — more
clearly read than later, when a heavy beard had covered the resolute lips, and the habit of command had
veiled the deep-seeing, somber eyes. When the quiet Virginia boy with the strong religious bent graduated
eighteenth in his class of seventy from West Point in 1846, his comrades little thought that he was destined
to become the most suddenly famous of American generals. The year after his graduation he attracted
attention by his performances as lieutenant of artillery under General Scott in Mexico, and was brevetted
captain and major for bravery at Contreras, Churubusco, and Chapultepec. Fourteen years later he earned
his sobriquet of "Stonewall" in the first great battle of the Civil War. Within two years more he had risen
to international fame — and received his mortal wound on the field of battle. He was reserved, almost som-
ber with his men, yet he earned the love and enthusiastic devotion of the soldiers who came to be known as
"Jackson's foot cavalry," so unparalleled were the marches they made under his leadership. They came to
trust his judgment as infallible, and in spite of overwhelming odds they followed no matter where he led.
[1^7]

^ ^ -4^? ^

uj^on the struggle, then in its very inception. In that fiery bap-
tism, a man still unknown to fame was to receive, at the hands
of a gallant soldier about to surrender his soul to the JNIaker
who gave it, the name which, to the world, was to supplant that
conferred by his natural sponsors, and by which he will ever be
known as among the great captains of his race and of history.
The supreme effort of the Federal commander was directed
against the left of the army of Johnston and Beauregard and
upon the open plateau surrounding the Henry house. The
battle was raging furiously, and seemingly the Southern line
at that point was on the verge of utter disaster, when the Caro-
linian, General Barnard E. Bee, rode from his shattered and
wavering brigade over to where Jackson still held fast with his
mountain men.

" General," he said in tones of anguish, " they are beating
us back."

"No, sir," was the grim reply; "we will give them the
bayonet." Bee rode back and spoke to his brigade: " Look at
Jackson there, standing like a stone wall. Rally behind the
Virginians! " and the front of battle was restored. The rest is
history.

Thus it came to pass that pojjular inquiry began as to who
this man Jackson might be, and what were his credentials and
antecedents. The young cadets from the Virginia JNIilitary
Institute, who promptly flocked to the colors of the State and
of the Confederacy, could give but little satisfactory informa-
tion; to their boyish minds he was just " Old Jack," instructor
in natural philosophy and artillery tactics, something of a mar-
tinet and stickler for observance of regulation, and, on the
whole, rather " queer " and not at all approachable. That he
should be in command of a brigade seemed to them due far
more to some peculiar fortune than to any inherent fitness re-
siding in him. True, he was said to have graduated from the

[100]

JACKSON— HIS MOST REVEALING PHOTOGRAPH

A PICTURE SECURED ONLY BY THE URGING
OF GENERAL BRADLEY T. JOHNSON

Jackson, a modest hero, nearly always shrank from being photographed. At
the height of his fame he answered a publisher's letter with a refusal to write
the desired magazine article or to send any picture of himself, though the offer
was a very flattering one. The photograph above was made in Winchester,
in February, 1862, at the Rontzohn gallery, where Jackson had been persuaded
to spend a few minutes by the earnest entreaties of General Bradley T. John-
son. Some five months later Jackson was to send Banks whirling down the
Shenandoah Valley, to the friendly shelter of the Potomac and Harper's
Ferry, keep three armies busy in pursuit of him, and finally turn upon them
and defeat two of them. This, with the profile portrait taken near Fred-
ericksburg, shown on page 115 of Volume II, represents the only two sittings
of Jackson during the war. Captain Frank P. Clark, who served three
years in close association with the general, considered this the best likeness.

United States INIilitary Academy, and was known to have been
a some-time officer of the army, serving in INIagruder's battery
in Mexico during the campaign of Scott from Vera Cruz to
the capital city.

It was even intimated that he had won certain brevets
there for service at Vera Cruz, Contreras, and Chapultepec,
rising from the grade of second heutenant to that of major
within a period of eighteen months, but to the youthful sense
all that was very ancient history, of a piece with the Pelopon-
nesian War, for instance, and the mists of antiquity hung about
the record and made its outlines very vague. To the young,
ten years seems a great while, and during that period their
reticent, rigid instructor had been quite out of touch with any-
thing military other than their cadet battalion or the gun de-
tails of the institute battery of 6-pounders, with human teams,
which it was his duty to put through their evolutions on the
drill-ground.

The human side of this man has almost no record during
these years, apart from what comes to us through the letters to
his wife; he was not a man who wore his heart on his sleeve, and
life seems to have always been to him as a trust, for which he
held liimself strictly accountable, and which was not to be
squandered in trivialities of any sort. As we know now, he
had much to do, and the time for it was to be all too brief for
its full accomjjlishment ; j'^et he seems to have been not quite
devoid of some sense of humor, in spite of his habitual reserve
and aloofness.

It is related that upon one occasion, at this stage of his
career, he propounded to his class this question, " Young gen-
tlemen, can any of you explain to me the reason why it has
never been possible to send a telegraphic despatch from Lex-
ington to Staunton? " Several theories were advanced, such as
that the presence of iron ore in the surrounding mountains
might have had the effect of deflecting the electric current.
^ At last, one boy — the dullard of the class, usually — suggested,

[ 102]

"STONEWALL" AND THE MEN WHO BORE HIS ORDERS

Tholr honors came not easily to Jackson's staff officers. Tireless himself, regardless of all personal comforts, he seemed to consider
others endowed with like qualities. After a day of marching and fighting it was no unusual thing for him to send a staff member on a
tliirty or forty mile ride. He was on terms of easy friendship and confidence with his aides off duty, but his orders were explicit and
irrevocable. He had no confidants as to his military designs — quite the opposite: Before starting on his march to Harper's Ferry he
called for a map of the Pennsylvania frontier, and made many inquiries as to roads and localities to the north of Frederick, whereas his
route lay in the opposite direction. His staff, like his soldiers, first feared his apparent rashness, and then adored him for his success.

diffidently, that it might be owing to the fact that there was no
telegrajih Hne then existing between the two points. " Yes,
sir," rejihed Major Jackson; " that is the reason."

But, in the main, he was eminently practical and almost
totally lacking in the minor graces and frivolities which render
men socially possible, and, had not the great occasion arisen
which w^as to afford scope for his ability, it seems as if he nmst
have entirely escaped notice for the rest of his life. We are
prone to look at things in that light, ignoring the fact that it is
the man who has kej^t up his training who is ready and fit to
seize oj)portunity when it shall present itself. Jackson had
been " in training " all the while, even though no one — not even
himself — may have suspected to what purpose.

This is the man who, more than any other, saved the day
for the Confederacy at INIanassas (First Bull Run), in 18(51.
Tlien he disappeared from view — a way he had, as liis antag-
onists were to learn later — for a while, and at one time it seemed
as if the theater of active ojjerations was to know his presence
no more, when, in response to an order from the War Depart-
ment in Richmond, along with his acquiescence, he tendered his
resignation from the command he then held.

Fortunately, this document went through the headcjuar-
ters of his superior. General Joseph E. Johnston, who before
forwarding it wrote to Jackson asking reconsideration, and so
the services of the latter were retained to the Confederacy, and
we were to hear much of his doings from that time until his
untimely and tragic death. But in the months immediately
succeeding Bull Run, he was almost lost sight of, and it was
only at the opening of the campaign of 1862 that he began to
loom again upon the military horizon.

The fortunes of the young Confederacy seemed then at
a low ebb; from all the western portion came bidletins of dis-
aster. In Virginia, a vast Federal host had been marshaled
and was about to begin closing in upon the capital, and

1041

John Echols, Colonel of a " Stonewall" Regiint-nt at Bull J. D. Iniboden, at Kull Run and always with Jackson;

Run; Later Led a Brigade in Lee's Army. Later ('onnnandc<l a Cavalry Brigade.

Isaac R. Trinihlc. Where "Stonewall" was.
There was Trimble also.

all the outlying posts of the Confederate line were being
severally driven in. Johnston had retired from ISIanassas to
the line of the Rappahannock, presently to proceed to York-
town, and eventually to retire thence to the Chickahoniiny. It
was while lying there, awaiting JNIcClellan's attack, that we
began to get ne^s of very active proceedings in the Valley
region, which came to have important bearing upon our for-
tunes, and in the final issue to determine the contest we were
expecting and awaiting in our immediate front.

To those sidtry, squalid camps, reeking with malaria and
swarming with flies, came from beyond the far-away Blue
Ridge stirring and encouraging tidings of rapid march and
sudden swoop; of telling blows where least expected; of skilful
maneuvering of a small force, resulting in the frustrating of all
combinations of one mmierically its superior, and paralyzing
for the time being all the plans of the Federal War Depart-
ment and the grand strategy of the " young Napoleon " at the
head of its armies in the field.

It seemed as if the sobriquet conferred upon Manassas field
had become the veriest of misnomers; the "Stonewall" had
acquired a marvelous mobility since that July day not yet a
year old and had become a catapult instead. And what, per-
haps, appealed to our personal interest more forcibly was the
story of the capture of the rich spoil of war, the supplies, of
AN'hich we were already beginning to feel the need. Our daily
diet of unrelieved bread and bacon grew fairly nauseating at
tlie thought of the bounty so generously provided by " Commis-
sary-General " Banks, and of the extra dainties inviting pillage
in the tents of Israel — but we were to get our share, with ac-
crued interest, later on.

We had not yet ceased to marvel over these exploits when
Jackson executed one of his mysterious disappearances, puz-
zling alike to friend and foe, and he next announced himself by
the salvo of his guns, driving in ISIcClellan's exposed right.

E. M. Law, Conspicuous at South Mountain
and Maryland Heights.

Charles \\ . Fit hi, Later in Command of
one of Longstreet's Divisions.

^

This exposed condition was due to his own activity in the Val-
ley, which had held ISIcDowell inert upon the Rappahannock
A\ ith thirty-five thousand muskets which should have been with
the force north of the Chickahominy, inviting attack. Jackson
rarely declined such invitations ; he could scent an exposed flank
with the nose of a hound and was " fast dog " following the
trail when struck. Besides his habitual celerity of movement,
was his promptness in delivering attack, which was an element
of his success.

" The first musket upon the ground was fired," says a dis-
tinguished English authority, " without giving the opposing
force time to realize that the fight was on and to make its dis-
jiositions to meet the attack or even to ascertain in what force
it was being made." The quiet, retiring pedagogue of the " V.
INI. I." had not been wasting those ten years in which most of
his leisure had been devoted to the study of the campaigns of
the great strategists of history, from Csesar to Xapoleon, and
his discipline in jNIexico had given him some usefid suggestions
for their application to modern conditions. Also it had af-
forded the opportunity for giving that invaluable asset, the
ability to gage the caliber of the men cooperating with him or
opposed to him, with most of whom he had come in contact per-
sonally— a peculiarity of our Civil War, and one of imi)ortant
bearing upon all the operations conducted by officers of the
regular establishment who, almost without exception, held high
command in both armies.

But as yet we had no personal knowledge of this man who
had been so rapidly coming to the fore. His work done, and
well done, amid the Chickahominy lowlands, he was soon to
heed the call coming to him from the hill country which gave
him birth, and where his most notable service had so far been
rendered. His old antagonists were reassembling there as a
formidable army and under a new leader, and the line of direct

[108]

Jas. T. Arclier Commanded a Brigade
at Chancellorsville.

^tnnmall Jarksnn ^ 4. ^ 4. 4.

apjjroach to the Confederate capital was to be attempted from
that direction. Already he had proceeded thither with his two
divisions which had made the Valley campaign — his own and
Ewell's — when ours, commanded by A. P. Hill, received orders
to join them, and all three were thenceforth incorporated in the
Second Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia, as long as
he commanded it.

We had fought the sharp engagement of Cedar JNIountain
on the 9th of August, 1862, and checked Pope's advance to
the Rapidan. Then, after some days of rest, we again took the
initiative and, crossing the little river, went after him. But
the general who had heretofore " seen only the backs of his
enemies " did not see fit to await our coming, but made so
prompt and rapid a retrograde movement that even our ex-
peditious " foot cavalry " could not come up with him before
he passed the Rappahannock. It M^as on this hurried pursuit,
passing through Brandy Station, that a figure came riding
along the toiling foot column toward the front. He was in no
wise remarkable in appearance, and it was with surprise that
the writer heard that he was no other than our conmiander.
General " Stonewall " Jackson.

He wore a rather faded gray coat and cap to match — the
latter of the " cadet " pattern then in vogue and tilted so far
over his eyes that they were not visible, and his mount and gen-
eral appearance were not distinctive of high rank. In fact, he
seemed some courier carrying a message to some general officer
on ahead. Despite his West Point training, he was never a
showy horseman — in which respect he had a precedent in the
great Napoleon. When we took Harper's Ferrj^ in September
of that same year, one of the surrendered garrison remarked,
when J ackson was pointed out to him, " Well, he's not much
to look at, but if we'd onlv had him, we'd never have been in
this fix."

But within the interval we were to see much of him, and
^ our appreciation speedily penetrated below the surface indica- /

[110]

B. D. Fry, Colonel of the 13tli Ala-
bama ; Later led a Brigade
in Pickett's ('Large.

F. T. Nichols, Wounded in the Flank
Attack on Howard's Corps,
May 2, 1863.

Harry T. Hays, Later Charged the Robert F. Hoke, Later Defender of Peters- William Smith, Colonel of the 49th

Batteries at Gettysburg. burg, Richmond and Wilmington. Virginia; Later at Gettysburg

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS

WITH
JACKSON

AT THE
LAST—
CHANCEL-
LORSVILLE

J. R. Jones Commanded a Brigade F. L. Thomas Commanded a

of Virginians in Trimble's Brigade in A. P. Hill's

Division. Division.

tions as we came to know and trust the man who conducted us
to unfailing victory. Soldiers always forgive the means so that
the end may be assured, and no man ever worked his troops
harder than did Jackson, or ever awakened in them more in-
tense enthusiasm and devotion. His apj^earance never failed
to call forth that tumultuous cheer which was part of the battle
onset. This was mostly, it must be admitted, in a spirit of mis-
chief and for the sake of " making ' old Jack ' run," for he
never liked an ovation and always spurred out of the demon-
stration at top speed. Rigid disciplinarian that he was in all
essentials, there was not the suspicion of concern with pomp
and circumstance in all his make-up. War was to him much
too serious an affair to be complicated by anything of the sort,
nor was he at all tolerant of excuses when there was work in
hand — results alone counted.

At Chantilly, our division commander sent word to him
that he was not sure that he could hold his position as his am-
munition was wet. " My compliments to General Hill and say
that the enemy's ammunition is as wet as his, and to hold his
ground," was Jackson's rej^ly. Yet, unsparing as he was of
his men when the urgency of the occasion demanded it, he was
equally unsparing of himself, and, moreover, was always con-
cerned for their well-being once the emergency was past, realiz-
ing that all warlike preparation is to the end of lavish expendi-
ture at the supreme moment. In camp he was always solicitous
that the troops should be well cared for, but when it came to
take the field,

" What matter if our shoes are worn,
What matter if our feet are torn.
Quick step — we're with him ere the dawn."

That was " Stonewall Jackson's Way." A purposeful
man, obstacles were to him but things to be overcome or ig-
nored if they stood in the way of his plans. When one of his <s

[ 112

subordinates, after the three days' hard fighting of the Second
Manassas, preceded by a march of ahnost a hundred miles
within a little more than a like period of time, objected that his
men could not march further until they should have received
rations, he was promptly put under arrest by Jackson, bent as
he was upon following up his advantage and overwhelming
Pope's defeated army before it could reach the protection of
its entrenched lines at Alexandria, some thirty miles distant.

A master of men, Jackson infused those of his command
with much of his own indomitable spirit, as expressed in the
lines quoted from the old song of the corps, until they came
to take pride in their hardships and privations and to profess
a Spartan-like contempt for the sybaritic softness, as they con-
sidered it, of the other corps of the army. As to their confi-
dence in his ability to meet and to dominate any situation, it
simply had no bounds. In the movement on Manassas and
during the engagement, with hostile forces coming from almost
every direction, and while as yet we had no tidings of Long-
street, we were remote from our base and the foe was in su-
perior force between; we were footsore and fagged nearly to
the limit of human endurance, but there was no faltering in
the belief that Jackson saw his way out of the toils which seemed
to compass him about, as he had aforetime in the Valley cam-
paign. Those thin lines never held their ground more tena-
ciously nor charged with more elan than during those eventful
August days.

The last time my eyes were to behold him — how well it
comes to mind! — was upon the morning of the fateful May 2,
1863, before the close of which day was to be ended his career
as a soldier. We were moving out by the flank on a little wood-
land road, where we had been in bivouac the night before; it
was a gloomy, overcast morning, as if giving premonition of
the calamity to come to us before the next rising of the sun.
Before we reached the plank road, in a small ojjening among

[114]

CONFEDERATE
(lENERALS OF
LONGSTREET'S
CORPS

WHO COOPERAT-
ED WITH JACK-
SON IN
'62 AND '08

Lafayette McLaws With His Division Supported Jackson's
Attacks at Harper's Ferry and Chancellorsville ;
Later Conspicuous at Gettysburg and
Chickamauga.

Joseph Brevani Kershaw Captured Mary- James L. Kemper Commanded a Brigade
land Heights, Opposite Jackson's I'osi- on Jackson's Right at tlie Second

tion at Harper's Ferry. BattU' of Manassas.

Ambrose R. Wright With His Brigade
Closed the Pass Ahing the Canal
at Harjjer's Ferry.

[D-8]

the pines were two mounted figures whom we recognized as
Lee and Jackson. The former was seemingly giving some final
instructions, emphasizing with the forefinger of his gantleted
right hand in the palm of the left what he was saying — in-
aiidihle to us. The other, wearing a long rubber coat over his
uniform (it had been raining a little, late in the night), was
nodding vivaciously, all the while.

After the Confederate success at Chancellorsville came
Gettysburg. The question is often asked what would have hap-
pened had Jackson been present on that memorable field —
Jackson, the man who was always up to time, if he brought but
a fragment of his force with him, and whose " first musket on
the ground 'was fired." As General Fitz Lee significantly
related the case, " Suppose Jackson to have been four miles
off the field at midnight of July 1st and been advised that
General Lee wished the key-point of the enemy's position at-
tacked next day; would the time of that attack have approxi-
mated more nearly to 4 a.m. or 4 p.m.? " — for answer, see the
verse already quoted. For if the other corps commanders did
not " like to go into battle with one boot off," ours would, at a
pinch, go in barefoot — but he got there!

In the numerous discussions of the Gettysburg campaign
which have come into notice since the event, much space has
been given to the comparison of the relative forces of the two
armies contending on that field. The disparity under the most
liberal estimates inclines always in favor of the Federals, yet it
seems to the writer that not enough account has been taken of
the most significant shortage on the Confederate side of the
balance. Successful battles had been waged and won more
than once against greater odds, in point of mere numbers — as
at Sharpsburg (Antietam) and Chancellorsville, for instance.
But at Gettysburg, we were short just one man — who had been
dead just two months — and his name was " Stonewall" Jackson.

[116]

V

THE MEANING OF
LOSSES
IN WARFARE

MEN OF THE FAMOUS ' VERMONT BRIGADE," ALL FROM THE ONE
STATE, WHICH SUFFERED MORE HEAVILY THAN ANY OTHER FEDERAL

BRIGADE DURING THE WAR WITHIN A WEEK AT THE WILDERNESS

AND SPOTSYLVANIA, IT LOST 1,645 OUT OF 2,100 EFFECTIVE MEN

THE REGIMENT THAT SUSTAINED THE GREATEST LOSS OF ANY IN THE

UNION ARMY

III the assault on Petersburg, June 18, 1864, these boys from Maine, serving as infantry, sustained the greatest
loss of any one regiment in any one action of the war. Before the site where Fort Stedman was subse-
quently built 635 men were killed and wounded out of nine hundred engaged, a loss of over seventy per cent,
in seven minutes. Such slaughter has never been paralleled in any warfare, ancient or modern. Of all the
regiments in the Union armies this regiment lost most during the four years. Twenty-three officers and
400 enlisted men were killed and mortally wounded, and two hundred and sixty died of disease. The First
Maine Heavy Artillery was organized at Bangor, and mustered in August 2\, 18()2. It Ie!'t the State for
Washington on August 24th. This section of the tremendous regimental ((uota — cigl'.teen hundred mentis
drilling at Fort Sumner in the winter of 1863. Tlie men little imagine, as tliey go skilfully through their evo-

[ 1!81

COPYRIGHT, 1911, REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

THE FIRST MAINE HEAVY ARTILLERY DRILLING IN FORT SUMNER,

ON A WINTER'S DAY OF '63

lutions in the snow, that the liand of death is to fall so ruthlessly on their ranks. From the defenses of Wash-
ington they went to Belle Plain, Viri^inia, on INIay 15, 1864, as a part of Tyler's Heavy Artillery Division.
Four days later, at Harris's Farm on the Fredericksburg Road, the first of their great disasters fell upon them.
In this engagement their killed numbered eighty-two, their wounded 394, and their missing five. Less than
a month later came the awful slaughter at Petersburg. The remnant of the regiment served until its fall,
April 2. 1865. After taking i)art in the Grand Review at Washington and remaining in its defenses till Sep-
tember 11th, the organization was mustered out, and ordered to Bangor, Maine. On September 20, 1865,
the survivors of this "fighting regiment" were mustered out. The Second Wisconsin Infantry lost a greater
percentage in killed during its whole term — 19.7 per cent, as against 19.^2 per cent, in the First Maine.

LOSSES IN THE BATTLES OF THE CIVIL
WAR, AND WHAT THEY MEAN

By Hilary A. Herbert
Late Colonel, Eighth Alabama Infantry, Confederate States Army,
and late Secretary of the Navy of the United States

STATISTICS of losses in battles do not furnish an unfail-
ing test of courage. IVIistakes of officers, unavoidable sur-
prises— these, now and then, occasion losses that soldiers did not
knowingly face, and there are sometimes other reasons why
the carnage in a particular command in this battle or that does
not with accuracy indicate steadfast bravery. Such statistics,
however, as all military experts agree, do tell a graphic story,
when exceptional instances are not selected.

Colonel Dodge, in his " Bird's-Ej^e View of Our Civil
War," exhibits statistics showing the percentage of losses in
the most notable battles fought since 1745, and from them de-
duces this conclusion, " It thus appears that in ability to stand
heavy pounding, since Napoleon's Waterloo campaign, the
American has shown himself preeminent."

Colonel Dodge would have been justified in going much
further. Waterloo itself, the most famous of the world's bat-
tles, does not show such fighting as Americans did at Sharps-
burg (Antietam), Gettysburg, or Chickamauga.

In " Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War," by
Lieutenant-Colonel G. F. R. Henderson, a British military
expert, is a complete list of killed and wounded in great battles
from 1704 to 1882, inclusive. Since Eylau, 1807, there has
been no great battle in which the losses of the victor — the pun-
ishment he withstood to gain his victory — equal the twenty-
seven per cent, of the Confederates in their victory at Chicka-
mauga.

The Henderson tables give the losses of both sides in each

' [120]

COPYRIGMT, 1911 REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

MEN OF THE FIFTH GEORGIA

MORE THAN HALF THIS REGIMENT WAS KILLED AND WOUNDED AT THE BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA

Lounging beneath the Stars and Bars are eight members of an Augusta, Georgia, company — The " CHneh Rifles." Tlieir new parapher-
nalia is beautifully marked "('. R." They have a negro servant. In a word, they are inexperienced Confederate volunteers of May,
1861, on the day before their company became a part of the Fifth Georgia Regiment. Pass to November, ISdS; imagine six of the sol-
diers in the group lying dead or groaning with wounds, and but tlu-ee unhm-t, — and you have figured the state of the regiment after it
was torn to shreds at the battle of Chickamauga. It was mustered in for twelve months at Macon, Georgia, May 11. 1861, being the last
regim(>nt taken for this short term. The Sixth Georgia and those following were mustered in for three years or the war. The ( 'linch
Rifles were sent to garrison Pensacola, Florida, where General Braxton Bragg would occasionally come fronv his headquarters, eight miles
away, to drill them. The ten companies were all from towns, or cities, and nicely uniformed, though each in a different style. This
led Bragg to name them liis "Poimd Cake Regiment." In JiJy and August, 186^2, the Fifth marched from Chattanooga, Tennessee, to
Bardstown, Kentucky, thence to the ea.stern part of the State, and down through Cumberland Gap to Knoxville, 800 iniles in all. It
lost hea\'ily in the battle of Murfreesboro. At bloody Chickamauga, September 19 and 20, 1863, its killed and wounded were more than
54 per cent, of the regiment — surpassed by few organizations in history. It suffered again at Missionary Ridge, and in the spring of
1864, when it stood against Sherman through the Atlanta campaign. The regiment fought on through the campaigns from Savannah,
Georgia, up to North Carolina, and in the last combat at Benton v'ille. North Carolina. It surrendered at Greensboro, .\pril, 26, 1865.

battle, but indicate the percentage of those suffered by the vic-
tors only. These show fighting losses. In losses by a defeated
army, those received in retreating cannot be separated from
those received in fighting. If, howcA^er, a defeated army is
not routed, but retires, still in fighting condition, and the foe
is so crippled that he cannot make effective pursuit, as was the
case at Chickamauga, or if the defeated army does not leave
the field at all, until, say, twenty-four hours after the battle, as
was the case with the Confederates at Sharpsburg and Gettys-
burg, the losses on both sides are to be counted as fighting
losses, and their percentage is a fair measure of " capacity to
stand pounding/'

Gaged, then, by this standard, which for large armies in
a great battle is absolutely fair, Waterloo is eclipsed by Get-
tysburg; Gettysburg is eclipsed by Sharpsburg, and Sharps-
burg ecli])sed by Chickamauga.

Here are some of Colonel Henderson's percentages, which
tell the story, the percentage of the Federal losses at Chicka-
mauga being calculated from Henderson's figures. At Water-
loo, the victors' loss was twenty per cent. At Gettysburg, the
victors lost also twenty per cent. But, at Waterloo, the French
army dissolved; at Gettysburg, the Confederates held to their
position nearly all the following day, and the majority of the
Confederates did not know they had been defeated there until
after the war.

At Sharpsburg, their victory cost the Federals not twenty,
but twenty-three per cent., and the Confederates held fast to
their position all the next day.

At Chickamauga, their victory cost the Confederates
twenty-seven per cent., and the Federals, inflicting this loss,
retreated; but General Thomas, the " Rock of Chickamauga,"
still held fast to prevent pursuit, and Rosecrans' army was
ready to fight the next day. At Waterloo, the entire loss in
killed and wounded, of the French, was thirty-one per cent.

OFFICERS OF A WESTERN FIGHTINCi REGIMENT^THE 36TH ILLINOIS
Of tlie Illinois regiments the Thirty-sixth fought in e\'ery iniportaTit battle of the entire war in Western ter-
ritory, and suffered in killed alone a loss of no less than 14.8 per cent., a figure exceeded among Illinois organ-
izations only l)y the 14.9 per cent, of the Ninety-third. No Federal regiment lost as much as 20 per cent,
killed and only 200 out of the 3,559 organizations as much as ten per cent. The Thirty-sixth Illinois lost 204
men out of a total enrollment of l.f57(). These figures refer to deaths alone, excluding wounded and missing.
At the battle of Stone's River, Tennessee, the regiment lost forty-six killed, 151 wounded, and fifteen missing,
a total of 212. This was its heaviest blow in any one battle. It fought at Pea Ridge, an early engagement in
the West, at Cha|)lin Hills, at the bloody battle of Chickamauga, and on the corpse-strewn slopes of Mission-
ary Ridge. It fought under Sherman from Resaca to Atlanta, and when that general marched away on his
expedition to the coast, the Thirty-sixth turned back to suffer its fourth largest loss in killed at the battle of
Franklin, and to help Thomas crush Hood at the battle of Nashville. Such were the Western fighting regiments.

A REGIMENT
THAT LOST
14.8% IN
KILLED ALONE

ILLINOIS

INFANTRY
IN THE

WEST

OFFICERS OF THE 36TH ILLINOIS

This loss utterly destroyed the army. The Federals at Chicka-
mauga withstood a loss practically the same — thirty per cent.
— and still successfully defied the Confederates to attack them
in Chattanooga.

The percentage of loss in battle by an entire army is, of
course, obtained by including all present — those participating
slightly, or even not at all, as well as those who bore the brunt
of the fight.

Bearing this in mind, the reader will note to the credit of
these troof)s that the dreadful losses sustained at Sharpsburg
by the Fifteenth INIassachusetts, Twenty-eighth Pennsylvania,
Xinth New York, Twelfth JMassachusetts, First Delaware,
and other regiments; at Stone's River, December 31, 1862,
by the Eighteenth United States Infantry, Twenty-second
Illinois, and other regiments; at Gettysburg, by the Twenty-
fourth jSIichigan, One hundred and eleventh New York, First
]\Iinnesota, One hundred and twenty-sixth New York, and One
hundred and fifty-first Pennsylvania, were all suffered while
the Federals were winning victories — suffered fighting, not in
retreating.

So, also, the losses at the Wilderness of the Second Ver-
mont, Fourth Vermont, and Ninety-third New York, oc-
curred when the Federals, for the most part, held their ground.
And nearly all the astonishing losses of the Confederate regi-
ments Ave re suffered when they were either winning victories
or stubbornly holding on to the field of battle.

Altogether, the casualties in the greatest of the battles
of the Civil War, whether considered in the aggregate or in
the tragic light of regimental losses, make up a wonderful
record.

In " Etude sur les caracteres gcneraucc de la guerre d'Ex-
treme Orient," par Le Capitaine Brevete F. Cullmann. Paris,
1909, the percentage of Federal losses at Gettysburg is given

[ 124 ]

COMMANDERS OF UNION BRICADKS CONSPICUOUS FOR LOSSES
'rin-sc hrigados from the Armies of tlie Fotoiiiiic, the Cumberhuid, and the Tennessee, are
mentioned specifically by Colonel William F. Fox, on accoiiiil of their notable losses in action.

Iron BriRiule Michigan Cavalry Brigade Harker's Brigade Vermont Brigade

Solomon' Mkhedith Peter Stagg Luther P. Bradley Lewis A. Grant

(Higinally Colonel of the 191h Originally Colonel of the 1st Originally Colonel of the Originally Colonel of the Stli

Indiana. Miohigan Cavalry. 51.-it Illinois. \'i'rniont.

First \cw .Jersey Brigade Iowa Brigade Willich's Brigade (Jpdj eke's Brigade

Wii.LuM H. Penrose William W. Belknap August Willioh Emerson Opdycke

Origiii:ill\- Colonel of the Originally Colonel of the Originally Colonel of the 32d Originally Colonel of the

l.")t!i New Jersey. ISth Iowa. Indiana. 125th Ohio.

Excelsior Brigade Philadelphia Brig.ade Irish Brigade Steednian'.s Brigade

Joseph B. Carr De Witt Clinton Baxter Thomas Francis Meagher James B. Steedman

Originally Colonel of the 2d Originall.v Colonel of the 72d Commanded the Brigade Originally Colonel of the

\ew York. Pennsylvania. in 1862. 14th ( )hio.

as twenty-three, the Confederate loss as thirty-two; the Japa-
nese loss at INlukden as 14.1 and at Lio-Yang as 18.5. These
were the bloodiest of the much lauded Japanese victories. This
fighting does not compare with that in the American Civil War.

In the great Franco-Prussian war there is but one battle
in which the percentage of the victor's loss is at all in the same
class in the American Civil War, and that is Vionville, 1870,
where the victor's loss was twenty-two, as compared with
twenty-seven at Chickamauga. So it may be said fairly that,
for a century, the world has seen no such stubborn fighter as
the American soldier.

In studying the statistics of the various regiments whose
losses are tabulated in this volume, the reader Mall discover
that very many of these were suffered in great battles, the na-
ture of which has been told briefly; and he must remember that
neither of the armies suffered at any time any such signal
defeat as would account for very heavy losses. The First
Manassas (Bidl Run) is no exception to this. The Confed-
erates did not follow, and their losses in killed and wounded
were heavier than those of the Federals.

What some of the foreign military experts think of us as
fighters we may learn by extracts taken from their writings,
italicizing at will. The late Lieutenant-Colonel Henderson was
f)rofessor of military art and history at the Staff College of
Great Britain. He says, in his " The Science of War ":

The War of Secession was waged on so vast a scale, employed so
large a part of the manhood of both North and South America, aroused
to such a degree the sympathies of the entire nation, and, in its brilliant
achievements, both by land and sea, bears such splendid testimony to
the energy and fortitude of their race, that in the minds of the American
people it has roused an interest zvhich shores no sign of abating.

Further on in the same essay he states:
Now, if there is one thing more than another apparent to the stu-
dent of the Civil War, it is that the soldiers on both sides were exceed-
ingly Tcell matched in courage and endurance.

[120]

William T. Wofford Daniel S. Donf.lson Robert H. Anderson

I.cil Ills Urijiadp in tlip M.-irylaml, Cicttvshurg, I.cd liis BriRadr in the Tennessee Campaign. C'olunel of the rjth Georgia Cavalry; Pro-
Wilderness and .Shenandoah CaTnpaians. notably at Murfreesboro. nioted Brigadier-General Julj' 26, 1864.

James H. Lane William B. Bate Roger Atkinson Pryor Cadmus M. Wilcox
Led his Brigade at Fredericks- Led his Brigade in Bragg's Ten- Fought his Brigade on the Pen- Led his Brigade at Manassas,
burg, Gettysburg and in the nessee Campaigns, notably insula, where it bore a con- Fredericksburg, Chancellors-
Wilderness Campaign, at Chickamauga. spicuous part at Seven Pines. ville and Gettysburg.

Winfield Scott Feathersox Henry L. Benning Edward Aylesworth Perry

Originally Colonel of the 17th Mississippi; Led his Brigade in the Principal Battles of Commanded a Regiment on the Peninsula;

Promoted for Gallantry at Ball's Bluft; Longstreet's Corps, including Gettysburg, was wounded at Frayser's Farm ; Led his

Led his Brigade on the Peninsula. Chickamauga and the Wilderness. Brigade at Gettysburg and theWilderuess.

COMMANDERS OF
CONFEDERATE BRIGADES WHICH SUFFERED HEAVILY IN BATTLE

The forces here credited with these " brilliant achieve-
ments " in 1861-65 are now thoroughly united, and would
stand shoulder to shoulder against a foreign foe. Our popula-
tion has increased threefold, while our military resources, oin*
capacity to equip and to convey food to armies, to manufac-
ture arms, and to build ships, even in the interior if need be. has
increased tenfold. Our rivers still traverse the land, but the
art of mining waters, jDractised with some success by the Con-
federates, has developed until no foe would think of exploit-
ing these rivers with vessels in advance of troops.

Aye, but the spirit of our people, say the alarmists —
we have lost patriotism, become commercialized, money-mad,
and have now no militant instinct. To an old Confederate
this j^rattle about our people being " commercialized " is es-
23ecially amusing. It carries him back to 1860-61. In the
hot sectional animosities that brought on the war he had im-
bibed that same idea about the North — the " Yankee " now
worshiped " the Almighty Dollar," and in his all-absorbing
struggle for it had lost the si)irit that animated his forefathers
at Lexington, Bunker Hill, and Saratoga. When the news
of JManassas came, many an ambitious Confederate who was
so unfortunate as not to have been there, felt like going into
mourning. He was never to have a chance to " flesh his
maiden sword." But the young Confederate was miscalcula-
ting. The exasperated North roused itself, after INIanassas,
like an angry lion pricked by the spear of the hunter, and
soon we were to hear its roar.

In reference to inexperienced volunteers, it must be said,
as every veteran of the Civil War knows, that it was not always
the oldest regiments that were the bravest. In the gallant,
though finally unsuccessful, assault that was made by the Fed-
erals at Salem Church, May 3, 1863, just where the Confed-
erate line was broken for a time, the official reports show that
the One hundred and twenty-first New York was in the fore-

* [128]

Maj.-Gen. .John .Sedciwick Ma.t.-CJkn. John F. Hevnolds

Spotsylvania, May 9, 1801. Gettysburg, July 1, lSti3.

FEDERAL GENERALS KILLED IN BATTLE— GROUP No. 1— ARMY AND

CORPS COMIVIANDERS
On this and the following six pages are portraits of the fifty-one Union generals killed in battle.
Beneath each portrait is the date and place of death, or mortal wounding. Since no such
pictorial necrology existed to aid the editors of this History, many questions arose — such as
the determination of the actual rank of an officer at a given date, or the precise circumstances
of death in certain instances. The list of Colonel W. F. Fox, presented in his work on " Regi-
mental Losses in the Civil War," has been followed.

front, and its gallant Colonel Upton in his report says this
was the regiment's first battle. Its loss, as officially rejiorted,
was two hundred and twenty-two killed and wounded.

At Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862, Franklin with the
Federal left broke through Jackson's lines. The Confederates
restored their line after heavy losses, and in this counterstroke
a North Carolina regiment, fresh from home, drove headlong
through the Northern lines and was with difficulty recalled.
The apology of one of its privates, when it got back into line,
caused a laugh all through the army. " If we had a-knowed
how to fight like you fellows, we could have done better! "

In the work: " Der Biirgerkricg in den Nordmnerikan-
ischen Staaten," by Major Scheibert, of the German Engineer
Corps, the author says:

After the European cavalry liad been discredited in the wars of
1854< and 1859, the American mounted troops brouglit genuine joy
to the heart of every true cavalryman, showing by their service and
bravery that a better future might yet be in store for the European
cavalry. We could not lielp sympathizing with the rise of the true
spirit of knighthood without fear or blame, and with the many gallant
deeds which promised better results.

We could multiply indefinitely these extracts, but space
forbids. From the preface to the work of Cecil Battine, Cap-
tain, Fifteenth, The King's, Hussars, entitled: " The Crisis of
the Confederacy, and History of Gettysburg and the Wilder-
ness," the following is taken:

The history of the American Civil War still remains the
most important theme for the student and the statesman because it
was waged between adversaries of the highest intelligence and courage,
who fought by land and sea over an enormous area with every device
within the reach of human ingenuity, and who had to create every organ-
ization needed for the purpose after the struggle had begun. The ad-
miration which the valor of the Confederate soldiers fighting against
superior numbers and resources excited in Europe; the dazzling genius

[130]

SIi^ Urantng of lattb %mBtB ^ ^ ^

of sonic of the Confederate generals, and, in some measure, jealousy at
the power of the United States have ranged the sympathies of the world
during the war and ever since to a large degree on the side of the van-
quished. Justice has hardly been done to the armies which arose time
and again from sanguinary repulses, and from disasters more demoral-
hbig than any repulse in the field, because they were caused by political
and military incapacity in high places, to redeem xchich the soldiers
freely shed their blood, as it seemed, in vain. If the heroic endurance of
the Southern people and the fiery valor of the Southern armies thrill
us to-day with wonder and admiration, the stubborn tenacity and cour-
age which succeeded in preserving intact the heritage of the American
nation, and which triumphed over foes so formidable, are not less worthy
of praise and imitation. The Americans still hold the rcorUfs record
for hard fighting.

This extract brings to mind that ^\'hat impressed the Con-
federate in Lee's army with most admiration for the Army
of the Potomac was, not its brave stand at ISIalvern Hill fol-
lowing a series of disasters, not its dogged perseverance Avhen
attacking an imjiregnable position at INIarye's Heights, not
its indomitable spirit at the " bloody angle," Spotsylvania,
but the fact that no mistakes of its generals or of the author-
ities at Washington ever caused it to lose heart. Always and
everywhere it fought bravely when given a chance. There
never was but one Bull Run. Three successive changes Avere
made in its commanders, from Yorktown to the AVilderness,
and yet that gallant army never lost faith in itself, as the
following incident illustrates. In the Avinter of 1863-64, the
A\'riter, then an officer in Lee's army, met between the picket
lines near Orange Court House, Virginia, a lieutenant of a
IVew York regiment. During our conversation the lieutenant
said, " Well, we are on the road to Richmond again." " Yes,"
was the reply; "but you will never get there." " Oh, yes, we
Avill after a while," said the lieutenant, " and if you will swap
generals with us, we'll be there in three weeks." Just before
we parted, the lieutenant proposed, "Here's my toast: INLiy
the best man win! " and we drank it heartily.

FEDERAL GENERALS KILLED IN BATTLE, GROUP No. 3

Biug.-Gen.
James E. Jackson
Chaplin Hills, October S, 1862.

Brevet Maj.-Gen. James S. Wadsworth
WUdemesa, May 8, 1864.

Brevet Maj.-Gen.
David A. Ru.ssell
Opequon, September 19, 1864.

Major G. W. Redway, referring to the volunteers of the
Army of the Potomac, 1864, writes as follows:

The American volunteer who had survived such battles as Bull
Run, Shiloh, Antietam, and the Seven Days' fighting around Rich-
mond, was probably such a soldier as the world had never seen before.
He needed no instruction as to his duty in the field, and, in fact, often
exercised the functions of instructor both to, officers and men less ex-
perienced than himself.

The impressions Federal and Confederate soldiers made
on foreign critics were not lost on themselves. They were
testing each other's courage, endurance, and patriotism, and
coming to understand the situation as well. Four-fifths of
the Confederates had never owned a slave. It was not slavery
— both armies were figliting for the preservation of the same
free institutions, for what each believed to be his Constitutional
rights.

The first step toward reunion was being taken when
picket shooting was stopped; and the armies of Northern Vir-
ginia and of the Potomac went far beyond that, when encamped
on opposite banks of the Rappahannock, near Fredericksburg,
during the winter and spring of 1862-63. They chatted,
traded tobacco for sugar and coffee, and frequently visited
each other across the narrow stream. A Confederate officer
riding along the bank visiting his outposts was often saluted
by a picket across the river, within easy gunshot. Similar
compliments passed between pickets in gray and officers in
blue. These soldiers were testifying their respect for each
other, with little idea, on the part of the Confederates, that they
would ever again be fellow countrymen.

Eventually both generals, Hooker and Lee, issued or-
ders strictly forbidding all intercommunication. Just after
these orders, an incident occurred which the writer long ago
gave to the newspapers in the hope, which proved vain, that he
miglit hear from the Union soldier. A Confederate officer

[131]

Brevet Brig.-Gen.
James A. Mulligan
Winchester, July 26, 1804.

Brig.-Gen.
Thos. G. Stevenson
Spotsylvania, May 10, 1864.

liKEVET MaJ.-(1kn.

Thomas A. Smyth
Farmville, April 9, 1865

Brig.-Gen.
ROBT. L. McCooK
Decherd, Tenn., Augu.st U, 18C2

FEDERAL

GENERALS

KILLED

IN BATTLE

GROUP No. 4

Brig.-Gen.
Nathaniel Lyon
Wilson's Creek, August 10, ISOl.

Bhig.-Gen.
Henry Bohlen
Freeman's Ford, August 22, 1865.

M.^j.-Gen.
Geo. C. Strong
Fort Wagner, July 30, 1863.

Brevet Maj.-Gen.
S. K. ZooK
Gettysburg, July 3, 1863.

Brevet Maj.-Gen.
Frederick Winthrop
Five Forks, April 1, 1805.

Brevet Maj.-Gen.
Alexander Hays
Wilderness, May 5, 1804.

rode suddenly out of the woods on to his picket-post at Scott's
dam, just above Banks' P'ord. A Federal soldier was nearing
the south bank of the river, newspai)er in hand. The soldier
reluctantly came ashore, insisting that he should be allowed
to return; the Confederate pickets had promised it. "Yes,"
was the reply, " but they violated orders, and you violated
orders on your side when you came over, and I happen to know
it. Orders must be obeyed. You are my prisoner." The sol-
dier, who was a big, manly fellow, stood straight as an arrow,
looked the officer in the face, and with tears in his eyes, said:
" Colonel, shoot me, if you want to, but for God's sake don't
take me j^risoner. I have been in the army only six weeks.
I have never been in battle, and if I am taken prisoner under
these circumstances, I will never get over it — it will always be
believed that I deserted."

The officer hesitated for a moment, and then said, " Give
me that paper and go, and tell your jjeople you are the last
man that will ever come over here and get back." Such an
incident at the outset of tlie Avar would have been inconceivable.

It was in this S23irit of kindly regard for each other that
the war between the two armies went on, from Fredericksburg
to Appomattox. It manifested itself with increasing tender-
ness after every bloody battle. It inspired Grant when he said
to Lee, " Your men will need their horses to make a crop."
It animated Grant's soldiers when they gave no cheer at the
surrender, and when they divided their rations with the men
A\'ho, in tears, laid doAvn their arms. It did not die when the
Confederates accepted tlie results of the Avar.

Time has only halloAved tlie memory of the glorious man-
hood displayed in those days by the men of both armies. The
soldiers, had their sentiments prevailed, Avould soon have bound
up the Avounds of Avar, as they did those received in battle.

But politicians, for a time, interfered.

[i.sc]

Geo. D. Bayard
Fredericksburg
December 14, 1862.

Wm. R. Terrill

Perryville
October 8, 1862.

Geo. W. Taylor
Manassas (Second Bull Run)
.\ugust 31, 1862.

Of untold benefit have been tlie meeting of tlie Phila-
delphia Brigade and Pickett's men at Gettysburg, the visits of
INIassachusetts soldiers to Richmond, and of Virginia Con-
federates to Boston, and many similar occasions. These,
coupled with , the strewing of flowers, in 1807, by Southern
women at Columbus, ISlississippi, on the graves of Union sol-
diers, which brought from a Xorthern man that beautiful
poem, " The lilue and the Gray," and a thousand similar in-
cidents, have resulted in those acts that passed in Congress by
unanimous votes, one providing for a Confederate section in
Arlington Cemetery, the other looking to the care of the Con-
federate dead at Arlington and around the Federal prisons
in the Xorth.

Presidents Cleveland, IMcKinley, Roosevelt, and Taft
have each and all, by deeds and words, had their full share in
the work of perfect reunion. And all over the land there are
monuments to the dead of the Civil War, bearing inscriptions
that will outlast the marble and bronze upon which they are
written. Such is the legend on the monument built by the
State of Pennsylvania to its dead at Vicksburg, " Here
brothers fought for their principles, here heroes died to save
their coiuitry, and a luiited people will forever cherish the
precious legacy of their noble manhood."

Another such is on a monument erected by the State of
New Jersey, and the survivors of the Twenty-third New Jer-
sey Volunteers at Salem Church, Virginia. On one side is an
ajjpropriate inscription to their ow^n dead; on the other, a bronze
tablet bearing this magnanimous tribute, " To the brave Ala-
bama boys who were our opponents on this field and whose
memory we honor, this tablet is dedicated." That is a tribute,
not l)y a Government, but directly by the men who fought to
the men who fought them. It is trul}^ noble.

William P. Sandep.s

Knoxville
November 19, lSfi3.

William H. Lvtlf.
Chickamauga
September 20, 1863.

James C. Rice
Spotsylvania
May 10, 1864.

FEDERAL GENERALS
KILLED IN BATTLE
GROUP No. 6
BRIGADIER-GENERALS

Hiram Buunham
Fort Harrison
September 30, 1864.

Chahles G. Harker
Kencsaw Mountain
June 27, 1.S64.

Samuel A. Hice
Jenkins' Ferry
July 6, 1864.

Daniel McCook
Kenesaw Mountain
July 17, 1804.

J. H. KiTl HING

Cedar Creek
Died January 10, 186.5.

1)\XIEI, 1). HlDWELL

Cedar Creek
October 19, 1864.

Compiled from Henderson's " Stonewall Jackson and the American Civil War "

LIST OF killed AND WOUNDED (EXCLUDING PRISONERS)
THE VICTORIOUS SIDE IS GIVEN FIRST IN EACH CASE

BATTLE

Blenheim, 1704

Oudenarde, 1708

Malplaquet, 1709

Prague, 1757

Zorndorf, 17.58

Kunnersdorf, 175!)

Torgau, 1760

Austerlitz, 1805

Eylau, 1807

Heilsberg, 1807

Friedland, 1807

Aspern, 1809

Wagrara, 1809

Borodino, 1812

Bautzen, 1813

Leipsic, 1818

Ligny, 1815

Waterloo, 1815

Solferino, 1859

Koniggriitz, 18()G

Vionville, 1870

Gravelotte, 1870

Plevna, September 11, 1877. .

Number of Troops

Allies,
French,

Allies,
French,

Allies,
French,

Prussians.
Austrians,

Prussians,
Russians,

Allies,
Prussians,

Prussians,
Austrians,

French,
Allies,

Frenc'h,
Russians,

Russians,
French,

French,
Russians,

Austrians,
French,

French,
Austrians,

French,
Russians,

French,
Allies,

Allies,
French,

French,
Prussians,

Allies,
French,

Allies,
Austrians,

Prussians,
Austrians,

Germans,
French,

Germans,
French,

Turks,
Russians,

56,000
60,000

85,000
85,000

100,000
100,000

64,000
60,000

,S2,760
52,000

70,000
43,000

46,000
60,000

65,000
83,000

70,000
63,500

84,000
85,000

75,000
67,000

75,000
95,000

220,000
150,000

125,000
138,000

190,000
110,000

290,000
150,000

73,000
86,000

100,000
70,000

135,000
160,000

211,000
206,000

70,000
98,000

200,000
120,000

35,000
80,000

Killed and
Wounded

11,000 \
20,000 J

10,000 \
10,000 /

14,000 1
20,000 J

12,000 I
10,000 I

12,000 \
20,000 /

14,000 \
17,000 /

12,000 ]
12,000 )

9,000 \
16,000/

20,000 1
22,000 /

10,000 \
12,000 I

10,000 \
24,000 /

20,000 \
25,000 /

22,000 I
22,000 /

30,000 \
45,000 /

12,000 \
12,000 J

42,000 1
50,000 J

12,000 1
12,000 /

20,000 1
22,000 /

16,500 \
15,000 /

8,894 \
18,000/

15,800 1
17,000 /

20,000 \
10,000/

16,000 \
3,000 /

Total

31,000
20,000
34,000
22,000
32,000
31,000
24,000
25,000
42,000
22,000
34,000
45,000
44,000
75,000
24,000
92,000
24,000
42,000
31,500
26,894
32,800
30,000
19,000

Total
Percentage

26
11
17
17
38
27
22
16
33
13
23
26
11
28

8
20
15
24
10

6
19

9
16

140 1

Guif'PiN A. Stedman, Jr.
Petersburg
Died August 5, 1804.

Geo. D. Wells

Cedar Creek
October 13, 1864.

Sylvester G. Hill

Nashville
December 15, 1864.

FEDERAL GENERALS KILLED IN BATTLE— GROUI* No. 7

Arthur H. Dutton
Bermuda Hundred
Died June 5, 1864.

Ch.\rles R. Lowell
Cedar Creek
October 20, 1864.

Theodore Re.id

High Bridge
April 6. isr,,-.

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June 14, 1864.

Lieut. -General Ambrose Powell Hill
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April 2, 1865.

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WiLUAM D. Pknder
Gettysburg
July IS, 18G3.

( ONFEDERATE
GENERALS

KILLED
IN BATTLE

J. K. B. Stuart
Yellow Tavern
May 12, 1861.

Stepiikn D. Ramseur
Cedar Creek
October 10, 1S(M.

GROUP
No. 2
MAJOR
GENERALS

W. H. T. Walkkk
Atlanta
.Tilly 22. 1864.

PaTRK K K. ( 'i.EHUKNI

Franklin
November ,10, 1864.

HORERT E. RODKS

Opequon
.•September 19. 1.86).

©rrrttnrira

States and 1 erritokies

White
Troops

Sailors and
Marines

( 'oiored
Troops

Indian

Nations

Aggregate

Total Death
All Causes

Alabama

2,578

2,578

345

8,289

8,289

1,713

California

15,725

15,725

573

Colorado

4,903

4,903

323

Connecticut

51.937

2,163

1,784

55,864

5,354

Dakota

206

206

6

Delaware

11,236

94

954

12,284

882

District of Columbia

11,912

1,353

3,269

16,534

290

Florida

1,290

1,990

215

Georgia

15

255,057

2,224

1,811

259,092

34,834

Indiana

193,748

1,078

1,537

196,363

26,672

Iowa

75,797

5

440

76,242

13,001

Kansas

18,069

2,080

20,149

2,630

Kentucky

51,743

314

23,703

75,760

10,774

Louisiana

5,224

5,224

945

Maine

64,973

5,030

104

70,107

9,398

Maryland

33,995

3,925

8,718

46,638

2,982

122,781

19,983

2,966

146,730

13,942

Michigan

85,479

498

1,387

87,364

14,753

23,913

3

104

24,020

2,584

Mississippi

545

545

78

Missouri

100,616

151

8,344

109,111

13,885

Nebraska

3,157

3,157

239

Nevada

1,080

1,080

33

New Hampshire

32,930

882

125

33,937

4,882

New Jersey

67,500

8,129

1,185

76,814

5,754

New Mexico

6,561

6,561

277

New York

409,561

35,164

4,125

448,850

46,534

North Carolina

3,156

3,156

360

Ohio

304,814

3,274

5,092

313,180

35,475

Oregon

1,810

1,810

45

Pennsylvania

315,017

14,307

8,612

337,936

33,183

Rhode Island

19,521

1,878

1,837

23,236

1,321

Tennessee

31,092

31,092

8,777

Texas

1,965

1,965

151

Vermont

32,549

619

120

33,288

5,224

Virginia

42

Washington Territory

964

964

22

West Virginia

31,872

133

196 j

32,068

4,017

Wisconsin

91,029

165

91,327

12,301

3,530

. 3,530

1,018

Regular Army

0, 1 yo

Colored Troops

*99,337

99,337

**36,847

106

U. S. Volunteer?***

243

U. S. Sharpshooters and Engineers .

552

Veteran Reserves

1,672

Generals and Staffs

239

Miscellaneous — Bands, etc

232

2,494,592

101,207

178,975

3,530

2,778,304

359,528

* Colored troops recruited in the Southern States.
** Includes all the deaths in the 178,975 Colored Troops.
*** Rx-Confodcratc Soldiers.

Eighty -six thousand seven hundred and twenty-four drafted men paid commutation and were exempted from service.

[146]

Id— 10]

DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES IN UNION ARMIES

Cause

Officers

Enlisted Men

Total

Iv 1 1 1 f^ii n Ti H Hi nr wTf\i i n ri c

6,365

ins vn^i

1 1 n 070

1 Q7 noft

1 QO 7'?rt

LVV, 1 v4U

1 n T^i*! c/^n

/41,OOD

o,i7 # ^'

1 ItTiTXT'n 1 n cr

106

5

308

SIS

iVTn iPVPri

37

483

14

on

Suicide

26

365

391

Military execution

267

267

Executed by enemy

4

60

64

Causes unclassified

62

1,972

2,034

Cause not stated

28

12,093

12,121

Totals

9,584

349,944

359,528

DEATHS IN CONFEDERATE ARMIES

A tabulation of Confederate losses as compiled from the muster-rolls on file in the Bureau of Confederate
Archives. (In the report for 1865-66, made by General James B. Fry, United States Provost Marshal-
General.) These returns are incomplete, and nearly all the Alabama rolls are missing. Still the figures
show that at least 74,524 Confederate soldiers were killed or died of wounds, and that 59,297 died of disease.

Killed

D

lED OF Wounds

Died of Disease

STATE

OflScers

Enlisted
Men

Total

OflScers

Enlisted
Men

Total

Officers

Enlisted
Men

Total

Virginia

266

5,062

5,328

200

2,319

2,519

168

6,779

6,947

North Carolina

677

13,845

14,522

330

4,821

5,151

541

20,061

20,602

South Carolina

360

8,827

9,187

257

3,478

3,735

79

4,681

4,760

Georgia

172

5,381

5,553

140

1,579

1,719

107

3,595

3,702

Florida

47

746

793

16

490

506

17

1,030

1,047

Alabama

14

538

552

9

181

190

8

716

724

Mississippi

122

5,685

5,807

75

2,576

2,651

103

6,704

6,807

Louisiana

70

2,548

2,618

42

826

868

32

3,027

3,059

Texas

28

1,320

1,348

13

1,228

1,241

10

1,250

1,260

Arkansas

104

2,061

2,165

27

888

915

74

3,708

3,782

Tennessee

99

2,016

2,115

49

825

874

72

3,353

3,425

Regular C. S. Army.

35

972

1,007

27

441

468

25

1,015

1,040

Border States

92

1,867

1,959

61

672

733

58

2,084

2,142

Totals

2,086

50,868

52,954

1,246

20,324

21,570

1,294

58,003

59,297

Colonel W. F. Fox, the authority on Civil War Statistics, states: "If the Confederate rolls could have
been completed, and then revised — as has been done with the rolls of the Union regiments — the number
of killed, as shown above (74,524), would be largely increased. As it is, the extent of such increase must
remain a matter of conjecture. The Union rolls were examined at the same time, and a similar tabulation
of the number killed appears, also, in General PVy's report. But this latter number was increased 15,000
by a subsequent revision based upon the papers known as "final statements" and upon newly-acquired j
information received through affidavits filed at the Pension Bureau."

[U8]

Turner Ashby William E. 8tarke James McIntosh Charles S. Winder Samuel Garland, Jr.

Harrisburg Antietam Pea Ridge Cedar Mountain, South Mountain

June 6, 1862. September 17, 1862. March 17, 1862. August 9, 1S62. September 14, 1862.

1

TABULAR STATEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONS IN THE UNION SERVICE

XVCj^iMHiiN la

jJATT ALIGNS

C'OMPANIES

Batteries

Cavalry

272

45

78

Heavy artillery

61

8

36

Light artillery

9

432

Engineers

13

1

7

Sharpshooters

4

3

35

Infantry

2,144

60

351

Totals

2,494

126

507

432

SUMMARY OF ORGANIZATIONS IN THE CONFEDERATE ARMY

Any attempt to present in statistical form the strength of the Confederate armies is manifestly impos-
sible, as was explained by General Marcus J, Wright in his introductory chapter in Volume I of the Photo-
graphic History. The same conditions also render futile any accurate comparison of tlie troops furnished !
to the Confederate armies by the various states of the South. Nevertheless, by tabulating the various |
organizations and bearing in mind the limitations of the method as well as the original data, a slight basis i
is afforded to gain some idea of the relative numbers contributed by the different States. Furthermore, i
the numbers of the organizations when summarized are of interest in comparison with those given above. |

No complete official roll of regiments and other organizations in the Confederate army is to be found
either in the archives of the United States War Department or published in the War Records, and it is
difficult, if not impossible, to give either an accurate list or the total number. Various lists have been com- j
piled by private individuals, but none of these show absolute accuracy, and all differ among themselves.
A list prepared by Colonel Henry Stone, a member of the Military Historical Society of Massachusetts,
was made the basis of the following table by Colonel Thomas L. Livermore, which is published in his vol-
ume "Numbers and Losses in the Civil War." This list General Wright states is as accurate as can be found.

Table Made by Colonel Livermore from Colonel Stone's List

Infantry

Cavalry

Artillery

Regi-
ments

Legions

Bat-
talions

Com-
panies

Regi-
ments

Legions

Bat-
talions

Com-
panies

Regi-
ments

Bat-
talions

Com-
panies

Alabama

55

18

4

6

18

10

2

17

Arkansas

42

14

2

4

5

4

2

16

Florida

9

1

16

2

3

6

1

15

Georgia

67

3

14

9

7

21

Kentucky

9

11

1

Louisiana

33

22

3

13

8

5

3

19

Mississippi

53

21

25

4

1

9

Missouri

30

7

North Carolina

74

1

12

4

6

12

2

2

9

South Carolina

53

3

14

8

7

7

13

3

3

25

Tennessee

78

24

10

11

17

1

35

Texas

35

1

4

14

33

8

15

2

24

Virginia

99

1

19

5

16

40

26

4

12

58

Confederate or Pro v.

Armv

5

Total

642

9

163

62

137

1

143

101

16

25

227

[150]

■i
i

Maxcy Guixiii
Fredericksburg,
December 13. 1802.

K. D. Tkacy
Fort Gibson
May 1, 1863.

Thomas R. R. Cobb
Fredericksburg
December 13, 1802.

GROUP No. 5

CONFEDERATE GENERALS

KILLED IN BATTLE

Lloyd Tilghman
Champion's Hill
Ma.v 16, 1S63.

Roger W. Hanson

Stone's River
December 30, 1802.

E. F. Paxtos
Chancellorsville
May 3, 1863.

James E. Rains
Stone's River,
Dec. 31, 1862.

Lewis A. Armlstead
Gettysburg
July 3, 1863.

William Barksdale
Getty.sburg
July 2, 1863.

Martin E. Green
Vicksburg
June 27, 1863.

IN any discussion of the total or relative casu-
alties suffered by a military organization in
a war, or in any particular engagement, it must
be borne in mind tliat tlie entire subject is one
around which many questions center. The general
consideration has been discussed by Colonel Hil-
ary A. Herbert in the preceding chapter. It now
remains to give the readers of the Photographic
History some few exact statistics of the losses
suffered in both great armies.

In the official records there are summarized
with considerable completeness the enlistments and
casualties for the various regiments and other
organizations of the Union army. The reports
for the most part are complete and comprehensive,
admitting of full discussion, yet often there is
great difficulty in reducing tlie vast amount of
material to a common denominator for purposes
of comparison. The problem is to consider the
various elements in their relations one to another.
Thus, it is possible to take those regiments where
the number killed or died of wounds during the
entire period of service stood at a maximum in
comparison with other organizations. Further-
more, it is possible to consider such casualties
relatively, depending upon the strength of the or-
ganization, and this latter method gives a clear
indication of the efficiency of the regiment during
its entire period of service. Large total losses
mean tliat the regiment was at the fore-front of
the fighting in many battles and not necessarily
unduly exposed at one particular action.

Such is the list to be found on page 154?, com-

piled from the authoritative work of Lieutenant-
Colonel William F. Fox, U. S. V.—" Regimental
Losses in the Civil War." It is, indeed, a record
of valor; the fifty regiments here listed are entitled
to places of high honor on the scroll of history.
It is, all things considered, the most useful basis of
making a comparison of the services of the dif-
ferent regiments, and it is one which unfortunately
cannot be made for the regiments comprising the
Confederate army, on account of the absence of
suitable rosters and reports.

Now, if we sliould consider the maximum per-
centage of casualties based on the total of killed,
wounded, and missing, a similar roll could be
constructed. It would be headed by the First
Minnesota Infantry, wliich, at the battle of
Gettysburg, with 262 men engaged on the second
day, lost 168 wounded and 47 killed, or a per-
centage of 82. In fact, other regiments standing
at the top of such a list are worthy of note, and
a few sucli, as listed by Colonel Fox, are given in
the table at the bottom of this page.

The tabular statement on page 15-4 must be
considered, therefore, as suggestive rather than
complete. The selection of fifty regiments is an
arbitrary one ; for, of over two thousand regiments
in the Union army, 45 infantry regiments lost
over 200 men killed or mortally wounded in action
during the war. In fact, Colonel Fox has com-
piled a list of 300 fighting regiments, which lost
over 130 who were killed and died of wounds dur-
ing the war, or which, with a smaller enrollment,
suffered an equivalent percentage of casualties.

Regiment

1st Minnesota

141st Pennsylvania ....

101st New York

25th Massachusetts . . .
Sfith Wisconsin (4 Co.s.)
20th Massachusett.s. . . .

8th Vermont

81.st Penn.sylvania

12th Massachusetts. . . .

1st Maine H. A

9th Louisiana Colored . .
5th New" Hampshire ....

B.\TTLE

Gctty.sburg

Gettysburg

Bull Run

Cold Har])or

Bethesda Church .
Fredericksburg. .

Cedar Creek

Fredericksburg. . .

-Vntietam

Petersburg

Milliken's Bend . .
Fredericksburg. . .

Killed

47
25
6
53
20
25
17
15
49
115
62
20

Wounded

168
103
101
139
108
138
66
141
165
489
130
154

MLssing

21
17

28
38

23
20
10

28

19

Total

215=*

149

124

220

166

163

106

176

224

632

192

193

Engaged

262
198
168
310
240
238
156
261
334
950
300
303

* Action of July 2d,-

-8 companies engaged; total casualties at Gettysburg were 224.
[152]

CONFED-
ERATE
GENERALS

KicuAUD U. Gaunett
Gettysburg
July 3, 1803.

W. R. Scurry
Jenkins Ferry
April 30, ISGl.

1'aul J. Semmes
Gettysburg
July 10, 1S03.

Carnot Posey
Bristoe Station
November 13, 1803.

KILLED

IN
BATTLE

^

James Deshi.er
Chickamauga
September 20, 1803.

Benjamin H. Helm

Chickamauga
September 20, 1S63.

John M. Jones
Wilderness
May 2, 1864.

I,. A. Stafford
Wilderness
May 11, 1864.

GROUP
No.
6

J. J. Pettigrew
Falling Waters
July 17, 1863.

Thomas Green
Pleasant Hill
April 12, 1864.

Alfred Mouton
Sabine Cross Roads
April 8, 1864.

Preston Smith
Chickamauga
September 20, 1863.

Killed and Died of Wounds — Maximum Percentages of Enrollment
Compiled from Fox's " Regimental Losses in the Civil War"

CORPS

Enrolled

KUied

Per Cent.

First

1,203

238

19.7

Second

2,202

423

19.2

Ninth

1,052

201

19.1

Second

1,132

198

17.4

Eleventh

] ,089

188

17.2

First

1,630

281

17.2

Second

1,513

259

17.1

Fifth

1,179

196

16.6

First

935

155

16.5

Third

1,037

167

16.1

First

1,246

199

15.9

Sixth

1,426

226

15.8

Second

1,315

208

15.8

Second

1,339

210

15.6

Fifth

1,808

282

15.5

Fifth

1,393

216

15.5

Second

1,014

157

15.4

Twelfth

1,101

169

15.3

Fourth

1,020

157

15.3

Ninth

1,485

225

15.1

Seventh

1,249

188

15.0

Third

1,371

207

15.0

Second

1,242

187

15.0

Seventeenth

1,011

151

14.9

Fourth

1,376

204

14.8

Fifth

1,062

158

14.8

Second

1,036

153

14.7

Sixth

1,313

193

14.6

Sixteenth

1,493

216

14.4

Third

1,403

201

14.3

Fourteenth

956

137

14.3

Twelfth

1,305

187

14.3

Fifteenth

1,099

157

14.2

Fifth

1,325

189

14.2

Second

1,701

241

14.1

nixtn

1, /u%

1 J. 1

Second

1,456

205

14.1

Second

1,778

250

14.0

Fifth

1,329

187

14.0

Second

2,575

361

14,0

Second

1,008

142

14.0

Ninth

1,110

156

14.0

Third

1,883

263

13.9

Fifth

1,150

160

13.9

Fifth

1,165

162

13.9

Third

1,341

186

13.8

Sixth

1,533

213

13.8

Sixteenth

1,102

152

13.7

Second

830

114

13.7

Fourth

1,468

202

13.7

REGIMENT

2d Wisconsin

1st Maine H. A

57th Massachu.setts .
140tli Penn.sylvania .
26th Wisconsin . . .

7th Wisconsin

69th New York

11th Penn. Reserves.
142d Pennsylvania. .
141st Penn.sylvania . .

19th Indiana

121.st New York. . .

7th Michigan

148tli Pennsylvania .
83d Penn.sylvania . . .
22d Ma.ssachusetts . .

36th Wisconsin

27th Indiana

5th Kentucky

27th Michigan

79th U. S. Colored .

17th Maine

1st Minnesota

93d Illinois

36th Illinois

8th Penn. Reserves. .
126th New York. . . .
49th Pennsylvania. .

9th Illinois

20th Indiana

15th Kentucky

2d Massachusetts. . .

55th Illinois

4th INIichigan

15th Massachusetts.
15th New Jersey . . . .
145th Pennsylvania .
28th Massachusetts . ,

1st Michigan

8th New York H. A.
7th West Virginia . . .

37th Wiscon,sin

5th Michigan

10th Penn. Reserves.
13th Penn. Reserves .
63d Pennsylvania . .

5th Vermont

6th Iowa

155th New York . . .
49th Ohio

DIVISION

Wadsworth's
Birney's. . . .
Stevenson's . ,
Barlow's ....
Schurz's. . . .
Wad.sworth's
Hancock's. . .
Crawford's . .
Doubleday's
Birney's. . . .
Wadsworth's .
Wright's. . .
Gibbon's . .
Barlow's . .
Griffin's. .
Griffin's . .
Gibbon's ...
Williams' . .
T. J. Wood's.
Willcox's. .
Thayer's. .
Birney's. . .
Gibbon's. .
Quinby's ....
Sheridan's. .
Crawford's . .
Barlow's . .
Wright's. . .

Dodge's

Birney's. . . .
Johnson's . . .
Williams' .

Blair's

Griffin's. . .
Gibbon's .
Wright's. .
Barlow's .
Barlow's. .
Morell's. . . .
Gibbon's. .
Gibbon's .
Willcox's.
Birney's. . .
Crawford's . .
Crawford's . .
Birney's. . . .

Getty's

Corse's

Gibbon's. . . .
T. J. Wood's.

[154]

Abner Pehhis
Spotsylvania
May 12, 1864.

W. E. JoNiis

Piedmont
June 5. 1864.

Gkorgb Doles
Bothesda Church
May 30, 18G4.

Robert H. Anderson
Antietam
October 6, 1862.

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS

KILLED
IN BATTLE
GROUP No. 7
BRIGADIER-
GENERALS

John H. Morgan

Greenville
September 4, 186 1.

John R. Chambi.iss, Jr.
Deep Bottom
August 10, 1864.

Junius Daniel
Spotsylvania
Died May 13, 1864.

James B. Gordon
Yellow Tavern
May 11, 1804.

J. C. Saunders
Weldon Railroad
August 21, 1804.

Micah Jenkins
Wilderness
May 0, 1864.

C. H. Stevens
Peach Tree Creek
July 20, 1864.

Samuel Benton
Ezra Church
July 29, 1864.

By General Marcus J. Wright, Confederate States Army

AT the time wlien Lieutenant-Colonel William
F. Fox, U. S. v., published his valuable and
exceedingly accurate work, entitled " Regimental
Losses of the American Civil War, 1861-1865,"
many regimental reports were missing or inacces-
sible, so that this work, in many respects a stand-
ard as far as Confederate material was con-
cerned, necessarily is incomplete.

No compilation of statistics exists correspond-
ing to that given for the Union armies on a pre-
ceding page, and but little exact statistical
information of a broad character is available.
Therefore, it seems desirable here to give on a fol-
lowing page a table from Colonel Fox's book,
which shows remarkable percentages of losses in
Confederate regiments at particular engagements.
This list contains only a few of the many instances
of regiments suffering a heavy percentage of loss.
The list is compiled from the few cases in which
the official Confederate reports on file in the
United States War Department mention the num-
ber of effectives taken into action as well as the
actual losses.

Because of these statistical deficiencies, no com-
plete catalogue of distinguished Confederate regi-
ments based on the records of battlefield casualties
is possible. This is especially regrettable to those
who recall the conspicuous services of many or-
ganizations from the very outset.

In addition to Colonel Fox's table we give a few
other notable instances. At the first battle of Bull
Run, the 33d Virginia lost 45 killed and 101
wounded, and the 27th Virginia lost 19 killed and
122 wounded. Hampton's Legion lost 19 killed
and 100 wounded.

The 2d Georgia had the longest service of any
infantry regiment from that State. In the Seven
Days' around Richmond, with 271 men in the field,
it lost 120. At Malvern Hill, it lost 81 men and
about the same number at Gettysburg.

At Mills Springs, Ky., the 15th Mississippi
Regiment lost i6 killed and 153 wounded. The
8th Kentucky regiment at Fort Donelson, Tenn.,
lost 27 killed and 72 wounded. The 4th Tennes-
see, at Shiloh, lost 36 killed and 183 wounded,
while the 4th Kentucky lost 30 killed and 183
wounded. The 12th Mississippi, at Fair Oaks,

[1

Va., lost 41 killed and 152 wounded. Hampton's
Legion, a South Carolina organization, at Fair
Oaks lost 21 killed and 122 wounded. The 20th
North Carolina lost, at Gaines' Mill, 7 0 killed and
202 wounded. At Gaines' :Mill and Glendale the
14th Alabama lost 71 killed and 253 wounded,
the 19th Mississippi 58 killed and 264 wounded,
the 14th Louisiana 51 killed and 192 wounded,
and the 12th Mississippi 34 killed and 186
wounded. At Malvern Hill, the 2d Louisiana lost
30 killed and 152 wounded. The 21st Virginia
lost, at Cedar Mountain, Va., 37 killed and 85
wounded.

At Manassas (Second Bull Run), Va., the 5th
Texas lost 15 killed and 224 wounded; the 2d
Louisiana lost 25 killed and 86 wounded. At
Richmond, Ky., the 2d Tennessee lost 17 killed
and 95 wounded. At Antietam, or Sharpsburg,
the 13th Georgia lost 48 killed and 169 wounded;
the 48tli North Carolina lost 31 killed and 186
wounded. At luka. Miss., the 3d Texas, dis-
mounted cavalry, lost 22 killed and 74 wounded.
At Corinth, Miss., the casualties of the 35th Mis-
sissippi were 32 killed and 110 wounded, and of
the 6th Missouri, 31 were killed and 130 wounded.
At Chaplin Hills, Ky., from the 1st Tennessee
regiment, 49 were killed and 129 wounded.

At Fredericksburg, Va., the 57th North Caro-
lina lost 32 killed, 192 wounded, and the 48th
North Carolina 17 killed and 161 wounded. At
Stone's River, the 29th Mississippi lost 34 killed
and 202 wounded.

At Chancellorsville, Va., the losses of the 37th
North Carolina were 34 killed and 193 wounded;
the 2d North Carolina, 47 killed and 167 wounded.
At Vicksburg, Miss., the 3d Louisiana lost 49
killed, 119 wounded, and the 6th Missouri lost 33
killed and 134 wounded. At Helena, Ark., the
7th Missouri lost 16 killed and 125 wounded. At
Gettysburg, the 42d Mississippi lost 60 killed and
205 wounded, and the 1st JMaryland, with 400
present for duty, had 52 killed and 140 wounded.

At Charleston Harbor, the 21st South Caro-
lina lost 14 killed and 112 wounded, and the 25th
South Carolina 16 killed and 124 wounded. At
the bloody battle of Chickamauga, Alabama regi-
ments suffered great losses.
I]

Akchibild Ur\i'IK, .Ili.
Petersburg Trenches
Deeeinber 2, isiil.

John Advms
Franklin
November 30, 1.SG4.

H. B. Granbuky
Franklin
November 30, 1851.

James DmniNG
High Briduo
April 6, 1865,

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS
KILLED
IN

BATTLE-
GROUP No. 8—
BRIGADIER-
GENERAI.S

John Dunovant
Vaughn Road,
October 1, 1864.

John Grrgg
Darbytown Road,
October 7, 1864.

Stephf.n Elliott, Jr.
Petersburg
Died in 1864.

^^^^^^^^^^^

Osc ar F. Strahl

Franklin
November 30, 1864.

Archibald C tiuDwix
Opequon
September 19, 1864.

.S. i;. Gist
Franklin
November .30, 1864.

Victor J. Girardey
Petersburg
August 16, 1864.

OlaHualttrB nf Shifty Qloufiei^rat^ ISrgtm^ntH

From Fox's " Regimental Losses in the Civil War"

Showing Remarkable Percentages of Losses at Particular Engagements Based on

Official Reports

Note — This list docs not aim to include all the notable instances of remarkable casualties of regiments in the Confederate Army.
It was based by Colonel Fox on a\ ailable records where the numbers taken into action as well as the casualties were
specified in official reports. The list is suggestive rather than complete, as many regiments omitted
might with propriety claim to be included in any roll of "Fifty Fighting Regiments."

division

Present

Killed

Wounded

Missing

Per Cent.

Hood's

226

45

141

82

3

Ewell's

242

38

146

76

0

Heth's

820

86

502

71

7

425

61

239

70

5

444

41

265

68

2

•ToTiTi son ''n

328

44

180

68

0

375

39

215

67

7

284

25

164

66

9

225

27

122

66

2

D H Hill's

514

71

264

65

1

Rodes'

240

29

124

63

7

228

27

117

63

1

Will Iv pr'<s

325

31

168

61

2

D H Hill's

632

91

277

59

0

IVTpTyfi w^'

128

11

64

58

5

176

13

72

16

57

3

A. P. Hill's,

537

81

225

56

9

IVTpTvfl w*i'

148

15

69

56

7

A. P. Hill's

396

45

179

56

5

D H Hill's

354

37

163

56

4

Piokott's

55

7

24

56

3

A. P. Hill's

450

35

218

56

2

(^rlPJit nJl'm «5

11 V d LllU'U.l ij m , .

292

18

137

9

56

1

340

27

162

55

0

}i pa t li a m ' ^

V. 11^ elf L 1 ICijUL >J < .

353

27

167

54

9

I M n t fi 51 m Q

V,'11C tl LllCtlll . .

377

36

155

16

54

9

T) H Hill's

678

77

286

6

54

4

TT a rripp *s

350

27

115

48

54

2

A. P. Hill's

270

23

121

2

54

0

-Til /^Ircr^n 'c

180

18

79

53

8

200

10

97

53

5

210

16

84

12

53

3

A P Hill's

283

25

126

53

3

D H Hill's

424

32

170

22

52

8

D. H. Hill's. . .

408

59

156

52

6

ATT

JNlcLaws

ZOO

z3

117

52

2

John Gregg's. .

306

22

136

51

6

D. H. Hill's.

521

88

181

51

6

Hood's

335

19

152

51

0

Longstreet's . .

357

49

121

11

50

7

Hood's

200

10

91

50

5

Johnson's

312

29

127

50

0

Trimble's

355

14

155

3

48

4

Johnson's

400

52

140

48

0

Jackson's

282

20

113

47

1

McLaws'

158

15

57

45

5

McLaws'

186

10

73

44.

6

A. P. Hill's. . .

500

18

197

43

0

A. P. Hill's. . .

480

32

167

41

4

D. H. Hill's.. .

225

26

66

40.

8

REGIMENT

BATTLE

1st Texas

21st Georgia

26th North Carolina. . .

6th Mississippi

8th Tennessee

10th Tennessee

Palmetto Sharpshooters .
17th South Carolina. . .
23d South Carolina. . . .

44th Georgia

2d N. C. Battalion

16th Mississippi

27th North Carolina . . .

6th Alabama

15th Virginia

8th Georgia

1st S. C. Rifles

10th Georgia

18th North Carolina. . .

3d Alabama

17th Virginia

7th North Carolina ....

12th Tennessee

9th Georgia

5th Georgia

16th Tennessee

4th North Carolina. . . .

27th Tennessee

12th South Carolina. . .

4th Virginia

4th Texas

27th Tenne.s.see

1st South Carolina. . . .

49th Virginia

12th Alabama

7th South Carolina. . . .

7th Texas

6th South Carolina. . . .

15th Georgia

11th Alabama

17th Georgia

3d North Carolina

4th Virginia

1st Maryland

8th Mississippi

32d Virginia

18th Mi.s,sis.sippi

14th South Carolina. . .
33d North Carolina . . .
5th Alabama

Antietam

Manassas

Gettysburg. . . .

Shiloh. .

Stone's River . .
Chickamauga. .

Glendale

Manassas

INIanassas

Mechanicsville .
Gettysburg. . . .

Antietam

Antietam

Seven Pines ...

Antietam

Antietam

Gaines' Mill . . .

Antietam

Seven Days. . .
Malvern Hill.

Antietam

Seven Days . . . ,
Stone's River . .
Gettysburg. . . .
Chickamauga. .
Stone's River . .
Seven Pines . . . .

Shiloh

Manassas

Manassas

Antietam

Perryville

Manassas

Fair Oaks

Fair Oaks

Antietam

Raymond

Fair Oaks

Gettysburg. ...

Glendale

Manassas

Gettysburg. . . .
Chancellorsville .
Gettysburg. . . .
Stone's River. .

Antietam

Antietam

Gaines' INIill . . .
Chancellorsville
Malvern Hill. . .

[158]

VI

FEDERAL ARMIES, CORPS
AND LEADERS

THE SECOND CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC

MARCHING DOWN PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE IN 1805 — THE SECOND CORPS HAD
A RECORD OF LONGER CONTINUOUS SERVICE, A LARGER ORGANIZATION,
HARDEST FIGHTING, AND GREATEST NUMBER OF CASUALTIES, THAN ATSTY OTHER
IN THE EASTERN ARMIES — IT CONTAINED THE REGIMENT WHICH SUSTAINED
THE LARGEST PERCENTAGE OF LOSS IN ANY ONE ACTION; THE REGIMENT
WHICH SUSTAINED THE GREATEST NUMERICAL LOSS IN ANY ONE ACTION; AND
THE REGIMENT WHICH SUSTAINED THE GREATEST NUMERICAL LOSS DURING

ITS TERM OF SERVICE OF THE HUNDRED UNION REGIMENTS WHICH LOST

THE MOST MEN IN BATTLE, THIRTY-FIVE BELONGED TO THE SECOND CORPS

Ordehi.y

Okdeuly

Colonel
Joseph J.
Reynolds

Colonel
William G.
Le Due

Captain

H. W.
Perkins

"FIGHTING JOE HOOKER" WITH HIS STAFF

"Fighting Joe Hooker" was a man of handsome physique and intense personal magnetism. He graduated at West Point in 1837 in
tlie same class with. Jubal A. Early and Braxton Bragg. Having fought through the Mexican War, he resigned from the army in 1853.
On May 17, 1861, he was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, and on May 5, 1862, major-general of volunteers. He was active
throughout the Peninsular campaign, and at Bristoe Station, Second Bull Run, Chantilly, South Mountain and Antietam. He com-
manded the center grand division of the Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg. At last, on January 26, 1863, he was assigned by
President Lincoln to the command of the Army of the Potomac. On the 4tli of May, 1863, liis right flank was surprised by Jackson at
Chancellorsville, and his 90,000 soldiers were forced to recross the Rappahannock. While fighting in the East he was wounded at

11601

COPYRIGHT, 1911, REVIEW OF REVIEWS CO.

Wai.kkr, THE Artist Captain R. H. Hall General General Colonel

Lieutenant Major William Joseph Daniel James D.

Samuel W. Taylor H. Lawrence Hooker Butterpield Fessenden

ON THE SPOT WHENCE HE DIRECTED HIS "BATTLE ABOVE THE CLOUDS"

Antietam, and stunned at Chancellorsville by a cannon-hall which struck a pillar against which he was leaning. In September, 1863,
he was sent with the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps to reenforce Rosecrans at Chattanooga. On November 24th, in the "battle among
the clouds" at the head of his new command, he led a charge against the Confederate artillery and infantry posted on Lookout Moun-
tain. For liis conduct on this occasion he was brevetted major-general in the regular army. He further distinguished himself under
Sherman at Dalton and Resaca, and in the attack on Atlanta. .\t his own request (July 30, 18C4) he was placed on waiting orders
September 28th, when he was put in command of the Northern Department. He retired from active service October 15, 1868, with
the full rank of major-general in the regular army. General Hooker died at Garden City, Long Island, New York, October 31, 1879.

COPYRIGHT. 1911. PATRIOT PUB. CO.

THE ARMY OF GEORGIA— ON PARADE, GENERAL SLOCUM AT THE HEAD

Very different from the march through Georgia and the Carolinas was this magnificent parade of the Army of
Georgia down Penn.sylvania Avenue. In front ride General Slocum and his staff. Behind come the long
straight lines of men who proved the Confederacy a hollow shell with all of its fighting men at the front.
Eagerly crowding close to the line of march are the citizens of Washington who had alternately clamored for
action, and shaken in their boots when the daring Confeder.ate leaders pressed close to the Northern capital.
Many a heartfelt prayer of thanks and relief was offered when mothers saw their boys march past, unscathed
by the war and about to reenter civil life. Many a tear fell for these who could not be there to share the glory.

[162]

At Gaines' Mill, Slocum's Division of the Sixth Corps was sent
to the support of General Porter, and lost 2,021 out of less than
8.000 present in the hot engagement. It was in front of Fred-
erieksbiirg May 'i, 1863, under General Sedgwick, tiial the
Corps made its most brilliant disphiy of dash and daring. It
carried at the point of the bayonet Marye's Heights, the strong
position before which there had fallen, gloriously but in vain,
nearly 13,000 men the previous December. Most of the Corps
was held in reserve at Gettysburg, and its casualties there were
slight, hut it added again to its laurels at Rappahannock Sta-

THE SIXTH ARMY CORPS IN THE GRAND
REVIEW— THE CORPS TH.\T SAVED
WASHINGTON FROM CAPTURE

tion. In the battles of the Wilderness and Spotsylvania it en-
countered its hardest fighting, the percentage of killed of the
Fifteenth New Jersey in the latter battle being equaled in only
one instance during the whole war. At Cold Harbor it suf-
fered heavily again, and the appearance of two of its divisions
at Fort Stevens checked Early's advance on W^ashington. It
pursued Early up the Shenandoah, and fought at Opequon and
Cedar Creek. In the final assault on Petersburg it played
an important part. It was no less prominent in itii
final appearance at the Grand Review in Washington.

THE NINETEENTH ARMY ( ORPS

THE TWENTIETH ARMY CORPS

(Shit Armies of tl}t Untt^b S>tnUB in tl}^ Oltuil Har

BY THE PROVISIONS of the Constitution, the
President of the United States is commander-
in-chief of the army and navy. During the Civil
War, this function was exercised in no small de-
gree by President Lincoln. As Secretaries of War,
he had in his cabinet Simon Cameron, from March
4, 1861, to January 14, 1862; and Edward M.
Stanton, who served from January 15, 1862,
throughout Lincoln's administration, and also
under Johnson until May 28, 1868, except for a
short interval during which he was suspended.
There were four generals-in-chief of the ai'mies :
Brevet Lieutcnant-General Scott, jNIajor-Gcnerals
McClellan and Halleck, and Lieutenant-General
Grant. The last named has been considered in
previous pages of this volume, but the lives and
services of tlie other three arc sunnnarizcd below,
in addition to the treatment received in other
volumes. (Consult Index.) This is true of all
the army leaders not separately described in the
pages that follow. The Index will refer to treat-
ment in other volumes.

Lieutenant-General Winfield Scott was
born near Petersburg, Virginia, June 13, 1786.
After being graduated from William and Mary
College, he studied law, was admitted to the bar,
and then entered the army at the age of twenty-
two. His career was one of bravery and incident.
He was captured by the British, but exchanged in
1813, fought in the battle of Lundy's Lane, and
was severely wounded. After the close of the war
he was raised to the rank of major-general, and in
1841 succeeded General Macomb as commander
of the United States army. In the war with jNIex-
ico, he won great fame and was nominated by the
Whigs for President in 1852; but he carried only
four States. In 1855, Congress revived the rank
of lieutenant-general and conferred it by brevet
upon Scott, the appointment being dated March
29, 1847, the day of his brilliant captui'e of Vera
Cruz. It was evident that his age and infirmities
would prevent his taking any active part in the
Civil War, and on November 1, 1861, he was re-
tired from the chief command of the army of the
LTnited States. He wrote an autobiography, and
made a European trip in 1864, dying May 29,
1866, at West Point, New York.

Major-General Henry Wager Halleck
(U.S.M.A. 1839) was born in Westernvillc, New

[16

York, January 16, 1815. He served in Calif omia
and on the Pacific coast during the Mexican War.
He retired from the army with the rank of captain
in 1854 to practise law, but after the outbreak of
the Civil War reentered the regular service, with
the grade of major-general. He was in command
of the Department of Missouri ( afterward Depart-
ment of Mississippi) from November 19, 1861, to
July 11, 1862, when he became gcnoral-in-chief of
all the armies. Grant succeeded him, March 9,
1864, and Halleck was his chief-of-staflf until the
close of the war. He continued in the army as
head, successively, of the Military Division of the
James, the Department of the Pacific, and Depart-
ment of the South until his death at Louisville,
Kentucky, January 9, 1872.

Major-General George Brinton McClel-
lan (U.S.M.A. 1846) was born in Philadelphia,
December 3, 1826. He served in the Engineer
Corps during the INlcxican War, distinguished
himself by gallant service, and reached the rank
of captain in 1855, having been so brevetted in
1847. He became assistant instructor in prac-
tical engineering at West Point, later accom-
panied the Red River exploring expedition, and
was sent on a secret mission to Santo Domingo.
During the Crimean War, he was one of a com-
mission of three appointed by Congress to study
and report upon the whole art of European war-
fare. He remained some time with the British
forces. McClellan's report was a model of com-
prehensive accuracy and conciseness, and showed
him to be a master of siege-tactics. In 1857, Mc-
Clellan resigned his army commission to devote
himself to the practice of engineering. He be-
came vice-president of the Illinois Central Rail-
road Company, and later president of the Eastern
Division of the Ohio and Missouri Railroad. He
made his home in Cincinnati until the outbreak of
the Civil War, when he tendered his sei'vices to his
country and was made major-general of volun-
teers, April 21, 1861. The Department of the
Ohio was constituted, and McClellan took com-
mand, May 13th, his appointment as major-gen-
eral dating from the following day. He drove
the Confederates from northwestern Virginia and
saved that section to the Union, an accomplish-
ment of the most vital importance, since, in the
event of the establishment of the Confederacy,
the Union territory would have been contracted at

tl

Tlie upper photoRraph, as beau-
tifully "composed" as a classic
painting, shows (icneral and
Mrs. Scott at their honie, Kliz-
abeth, Now Jersey, in 18(iiJ. A
closer portrait study of the gen-
oral appears below. Winficld
Scott became the first gem'ral-
in-chief of the United States
Army during the Civil War,
being already in that position
when tiie war brt)ke out. He
was then nearly seventy-fi\<'
years old. The agetl hero
owed his exalted rank and his
military fame to his dashing
, and vigorous achievements as
I commander in the Mexican
War. lie directed until retired
j by his own request in Xovem-
jber, 1861. Scott possessed an
imposing figure and courage
iequal to every danger. He was
(iexacting in discipline — that
! power which the French call
jf'the glory of the soldier and
jthe strength of armies.

Major-General Henry Wager
Hallcck assumed commanil of
the Army and Department of
Missouri in 1861, and from his

leadipiarters at St. l,ouis di-
rected the (jperations of the
forces whidi early in ISGiJ com-
pelled the Confederates to
evacuate Kentucky and Cen-
tral and West Tennessee. After
he assumed control of all the
armies as successor to McClel-

an in July, 1862, he made his

leadquarters in Washington,
[jerforming duties similar to
those of a chief -of -staff in a
modern army. His military
decisions in particular crises
as Fredcricksbiu-g, Chancel-
lorsville and Gettysburg were
not always approved bj' critics;
nevertheless, he bore a reputa-
tion for genius as a commander.
He was succeeded in the duties
of general-in-chief in February,
1864, by Lieutenant-General

T Ivsses S. Grant.

SCOTT AND HALLECK— TWO GENERALS-IN-CHIEF OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY

Armg of tl}t potnmar

this point into a neck but little more than one
hundred miles in width. After this success, Mc-
Clellan was placed, July 25, 1861, at the head of
the newly created District (afterward Depart-
ment) of the Potomac, and began the organization
and training of the army of that name. From
November 5, 1861 to March 11th of tlie following
year, he was general-in-chief of the armies of the
United States, and after the latter date continued
in command of the Army of the Potomac until
November 9, 1862, when he was replaced by Ma-
jor-General A. E. Burnside. He took no further
part in the war. His removal was due to dissatis-
faction with bis methods tliat gradually developed
among President Lincoln and his advisers. The

failure of the army to capture Richmond in the
Peninsula campaign, and the non-pursuit of Lee
immediately after Antietam were the chief reasons.
As the nominee of the Democratic party, he was
defeated for the presidency in 1864, and his res-
ignation from the army was accepted on Novem-
ber 8th. He now spent several years abroad,
returning to live in New Jersey, of which State
he became governor in 1877. Aside from his mili-
tary abilities, McClcllan was a man of fine tastes
in literature and art, and also took an active in-
terest in promoting the manufacturing industries
of the State. He wrote his autobiography, and
several works of a military nature. His death oc-
cui-red October 29, 1885, at Orange.

Armg of tl\t Pntnmar

By the CONSOI.IDATION of the Department of
Washington and the Department of Northeastern
Virginia, July 25, 1861, the INIilitary District of
the Potomac was constituted and placed under
command of Major-General George B. McClellan.
On August 15, 1861, the Department, or Army of
the Potomac was created from it, and as sucli it
was known thereafter. Major-General McClellan
assumed command of this army August 20, 1861.
As then constituted, it was organized in fourteen
brigades composed largely of the troops (regular
army and volunteer) of the Depai'tment of North-
eastern Virginia, under Brigadier-General Irvin
McDowell, and new organizations. Most of these
brigades had artillery and some of them cavalry.
McClellan immediately applied his military knowl-
edge to remodeling the army, and in October a
new organization was announced. The division
was now the unit, and there were fourteen, includ-
ing one stationed at Baltimore. Tliere were also
one provisional brigade, a provost-guard, a cav-
alry command, and a cavalry reserve. During
the winter of 1861-62, the Army of the Potomac
was thoroughly drilled. A new organization was
announced in Marcli, 1862, and this the army re-
tained, except while Burnside created the grand
division, until it was discontinued, June 28, 1865.
Tlie corps were the units, and their number varied
from time to time. There were also the provost-
guard, the guard for general headquarters, a full
artillery, and cavalry reserve. A cavalry division
was formed in July, 1862, and reorganized as a
cavalry corps in February, 1863. The successive
commanders of the Army of the Potomac were :

^lajor-Gcneral George B. McClellan to Novem-
ber 9, 1862; Major-General A. E. Burnside to
January 26, 1863; Major-General Joseph
Hooker to June 28, 1863, being succeeded by
Major-General George G. Meade, who remained
at its head until it was discontinued, June 28,
1865, except for a short interval in January,
1865, when Major-General John G. Parke was
in temporary command.

Major-General Ambrose Everett Burnside
(U.S.M.A. 184«7) was born in Liberty, Indiana,
May 23, 1824. He served in the artillery with
the rank of first lieutenant, resigned his commis-
sion, in 1853, to take up the manufacture of a
breech-loading rifle which he had invented. At
the outbreak of the Civil War he was an officer of
the Illinois Central Railroad Company. For gal-
lant service at Bull Run he was made brigadier-
general of volunteers, and in March, 1862, major-
general of volunteers. He organized an expedi-
tionary corps in December, 1861, and this was
merged in the Department of North Carolina, of
wliich Burnside was the head from January to
July, 1862. He captured Roanoke Island and
occupied New Berne. From these troops and
others was organized, July 22, 1862, the Ninth
Corps, with Burnside at its head. He served under
McClcllan at South Mountain, and at Antietam,
where he commanded the left wing, and succeeded
him in the command of the Army of the Potomac.
Later, Major-General Burnside was assigned to
command of tlie Department of the Ohio. Burn-
side and tlie Nintli Corps were with Grant in the

[ l«« ]

Major-General George Brinton McClellan began his war career as commander of the Department of Ohio. After he had defeated
and scattered the Confederate forces commanded by General Robert E. I^ee, securing West Virginia to the Union, he was appointed
general-in-cliief of the I'nited States Armies as successor to General Scott, in November, 1861. He planned and directed the expeditions
which, under General A. E. Burnside captured the coast of North Carolina, under Butler and Farragut opened up the lower Mis-
sissippi, and in Kentucky and Tennessee resulted in the capture of Fort Donelson. He led the Army of the Potomac in the Peninsula
and Antietam campaigns. Meade, its last commander, said: "Had there been no McClellan there could have been no Grant."

Virginia campaign of 186^. Major-General
Burn.side resigned his connnission at the close of
the war and resumed his career as a railroad pro-
jector and manager. He was governor of Rhode
Island from 1866 to 1869, and senator from 1875
until his death, which occurred September 3, 1881,
at Bristol, Rhode Island.

Major-General Joseph Hooker (U.S.M.A.
1837) was born in Hadley, Massachusetts, No-
vember 13, 181-i. He entered the artillery and
was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for distinguished
services in the Mexican War. He resigned his
commission in 1853. At the outbreak of the
Civil War he was living in California as a farmer
and civil engineer. He tendered his services to the
Govei'nment and was appointed brigadier-general
of volunteers. In March, 1862, he was made a
division connnander in the Army of the Potomac,
witli a promotion to major-general of volunteers
in May. An appointment as brigadier-general
of the regular army followed the battle of An-
tietam, in which he was wounded. In September,
1862, he rose to corps commander, and was at
the liead of the Center Grand Division in Burn-
side's organization. He was commander of the
Army of the Potomac from January 26, 1863, to
June 28th. Later, he exhibited great gallantry
as corps commander at Lookout Mountain, and

in the Atlanta campaign. On October 1, 1864,
he was placed at the head of the Northern Depart-
ment, and served at the head of other departments
until he was retired, as the result of a paralytic
stroke, with full rank of major-general, in Octo-
ber, 1868. His death occurred at Garden City,
New York, October 31, 1879.

Major-General George Gordon Meade (U.
S.M.A. 1835) was born in Cadiz, Spain, Decem-
ber 31, 1815, while his father was American naval
agent at that city. He saw service in the Seminole
War, and then resigned in 1836 to take up the
practice of civil engineering. He reentered the
army and served with the Topographical En-
gineer Corps during the Mexican War. He was
afterward employed on river and harbor im-
provements, lighthouse construction, and the sur-
vey of tlie Great Lakes, until the Civil War broke
out, when he was commissioned brigadier-general
of volunteers and put in command of a brigade in
the Pennsylvania Reserve in the Army of the
Potomac. Later, he commanded the First and
Fifth corps and was made general commanding
of the army, June 28, 1863. He was in chief com-
mand at Gettysburg. On August 18, 1864, he re-
ceived a commission as major-general in the regu-
lar army, and served therein until his death, in
Philadelphia, November 6, 1872.

Armu of t\}t (HnxmBBtt

The troops in the Military District of Cairo
were under the command of Brigadier-General
U. S. Grant from August 1, 1861, until February,
1862. The District of West Tennessee was or-
ganized February 17, 1862, and Grant was at its
head until October 16th. His forces were known
as the Army of West Tennessee, and were in-
cluded in those of the Department of Mississippi,
under Major-General Halleck. With this force,
consisting of six divisions and some unassigned
troops, Grant fought the battle of Shiloh. On
October 16, 1862, the Department of Tennessee
was created to include Cairo, western Kentucky
and Tennessee, and northern Mississippi. Grant
was commander until October 24, 1863, when the
Military Division of the Mississippi was organized
to include the Departments of the Ohio, Tennessee,
Cumberland, and of Arkansas. The troops in the
Department of Tennessee were designated the
Thirteenth Army Corps until December 18, 1862,

when they were reorganized into the Thirteenth,
Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth corps. Suc-
ceeding Grant, this force, usually called the Army
of the Tennessee, was successively commanded
by Major-Generals W. T. Sherman, James B.
^NlcPherson, John A. Logan, and O. O. Howard.
This army took part in the capture of Vicksburg,
battle of Chattanooga, Atlanta campaign, and
Sherman's campaigns in Georgia and the Caro-
linas. A detachment of it was with the Red River
expedition, in 1864.

Major-Gexkral James Birdseye IMcPherson
(U.S.M.A. 1853) was born in Sandusky, Ohio,
November 14, 1828. He practised engineering in
the Government employ and also taught it at
West Point. When the war broke out, he raised a
force of engineers, and later he was aide to Major-
General Halleck. In December, 1862, he was given
command of the Seventeenth Corps. His services

168

AMBROSE EVERETT BURNSIDE
Commander of the Army of tlie Potomac During
the Fredericksburg Campaign, Novem-
ber, 18C2, to January, 1863.

GEORGE GORDON MEADE
Commander of the Army of the Potomac in the
Gettysburg Campaign, also in the Wilderness
Campaign and Siege of Petersburg.

MAJOR-GENERALS
BURNSIDE,
HOOKER,
MEADE

COMMANDERS
OF

THE ARMY OF
THE POTOMAC

JOSEPH HOOKER

Commander of the Army of the Potomac During the Chan-
cellorsvillc Campaign and the Opening of the
Gettysburg Campaign.

Army of ti}B Wijia mih Army of ti)t (tmxbnimxh

in reenforcing Rosecrans after Corinth, October,
1862, won liim the rank of major-general of vol-
unteers, and after the fall of Vicksburg he received
the commission of brigadier-general of the regular
army. He succeeded Major-General William T.
Sherman in tlic command of the Army of the Ten-
nessee, March 12, 186-i, and was killed at the
battle of Atlanta, July 22, 1864.

Major-General John A. Logan was born in
Jackson County, Illinois, February 9, 1826. He
served in the Mexican War, rising from a private
to the rank of second lieutenant. He was after-
ward admitted to the bar and finally reached
Congress. During his term here the Civil War
broke out and he enlisted and fought at Bull Run.
Returning to the West, he raised the Thirty-first
Illinois Infantry, afterward becoming its colonel.
He was v/ounded at Fort Donelson and shortly
afterward was made major-general of volunteers.
In the Vicksburg campaigns he commanded a divi-
sion of the Seventeenth Corps. In 1863, he took
command of the Fifteenth Corps and served in the
Atlanta campaign and led his troops through the
Carolinas. He was made head of the Department
of the Tennessee May 19, 1865. He was elected
to the United States Senate in 1871, and was de-
feated for the vice-presidency of the United States
on the Republican ticket of 1884!. He died in
Washington, December 26, 1886.

Major-General Oliver Otis Howard (U.S.
M.A. 1854) was born in Leeds, Maine, November
8, 1830. He served as chief of ordnance, and as
first lieutenant taught mathematics at West Point

Armg nf t\\t ®I|tn mxh

The Department of Kentucky, which consti-
tuted tlie whole of that State within a hundred
miles of the Ohio River, was merged in the Depart-
ment of the Cumberland, comprising the States
of Kentucky and Tennessee, August 15, 1861. On
November 9th, it was renamed the Department of
the Ohio, the States of Ohio, Michigan, and In-
diana being added. The troops in this region
(over whom McClellan, Rosecrans, O. M. Mitchel,
Robert Anderson, and W. T. Sherman had, at
different times and places, control) were now
organized into the Army of the Ohio, with Major-
General Don Carlos Buell in command. Although

[

until the Civil War broke out, when he left the
regular army to command the Third Maine Vol-
unteers. He headed a brigade in the first battle
of Bull Run and was promoted to brigadier-gen-
eral of volunteers in September, 1861. At Fair
Oaks, where he lost his right arm, he achieved dis-
tinction as an able fighter. After Antietam, he
commanded a division of the Second Corps, and
later, as major-general of volunteers, the corps
itself for a short time. On April 2, 1863, the
Flevcnth Corps was given him, and it was these
troops that were so badly routed by " Stonewall "
Jackson at Chancellorsville. In September, 1863,
Howard and his corps were transferred to the
Army of the Cumberland, in which he became
leader of the Fourth Corps, April, 1864. How-
ard's services at Gettysburg, Lookout Mountain,
and Missionary Ridge were conspicuous. He ac-
companied Sherman to the relief of Knoxville, and
fought in all the battles of the Atlanta campaign,
succeeding Major-General McPherson to the com-
mand of the Army of the Tennessee, and marching
with Sherman through Georgia and the Carolinas.
After tlie close of the war he commanded the
Nez Perce Indian expedition of 1877, the Ban-
nock, and Piute campaigns, and from 1880 to
1882, was superintendent of the Military Acad-
emy, West Point. He was (1865-74) commis-
sioner of tlie Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and
Abandoned Lands, and in 1895 founded the Lin-
coln Memorial University and tlie industrial school
at Cumberland Gap, Tennessee. Major-General
Howard was a noted total-abstinence advocate and
was much interested in Sunday-school work. He
was retired with full rank in 1894, and he died at
Burlington, Vermont, October, 26, 1909.

Armg of Qlumterlanh

the department was merged into that of Missis-
sippi in March, 1862, the Army of the Ohio re-
tained its name. This was the body that brought
such timely assistance to Grant at Shiloh and drove
Bragg out of Kentucky. The army was organized
into three corps in September, 1862, but the
following month (October 24th) the Depart-
ment of the Cumberland was recreated to consist
of eastern Tennessee, Alabama, and Georgia, and
the Army of the Ohio, which had operated chiefly
in that region, now became ofl^cially the Four-
teenth Army Corps, but better known as the Army
of the Cumberland. On October 30th, Buell was

OLIVER OTIS HOWARD
Commander of the Army of the Tennessee in Part
of the Atlanta Campaign and in the March
Through Georgia and the Carolinas.

Armij of tl}t unh Armg of t\}t (Slumbnimh

replaced by Major-General W. S. Ro.secraii.s, and
the Fourteenth Corps was reorganized into the
Riglit Wing, Center, and Left Wing, later the
Fourteentli, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Army
corps. The last two were afterward consolidated
as the Fourth Corps. With this army, Rosecrans
fought the battle of Stone's River, drove Bragg
across the Tennessee, and was defeated at Chicka-
mauga. Major-Gcneral George H. Thomas suc-
ceeded to the command October 20, 1863. The
army distinguished itself on Missionary Ridge and
through the Atlanta campaign (as a part of the
Military Division of the Mississippi), and in the
campaign against Hood in Tennessee. The army
had four divisions of cavalry. It had a reserve
corps for a shoi't time, and received two corps from
the Army of the Potomac, which were finally con-
solidated into the reorganized Twentieth Corps.

Major-Gexeeal Dox Carlos Buell (U.S.
M.A. 1841) was born March 23, 1818, near
Marietta, Ohio, and served in the Mexican War.
When the Civil War broke out he assisted in the
organization of volunteers, and in November,
1861, took charge of the Department and Army
of the Ohio. He was soon raised to the rank of
major-general of volunteers. His last service in
this army was the driving of Bragg out of Ken-
tucky, for this, with the preceding Tennessee
campr.'gn during the summer of 1862, aroused
such criticism that he was replaced, October 30th,
by Majoi'-Gencral Rosecrans and tried before a
military conunission. An adverse report was
handed in, and Buell resigned from the army
June 1, 1864i. He then became president of the
Green River Iron Company, and, 1885 89, was
pension-agent at Louisville. He died near Rock-
port, Kentucky, November 19, 1898.

Major-General William Starke Rosecrans
(U.S. M.A. 1842) was born at Kingston, Ohio,
September 6, 1818. He served in the Engineer
Corps and as assistant professor at West Point.
In 1854, he resigned from the army to practise
architecture and civil engineering, but at the out-
break of the Civil War he tendered his services to
the Government and was made l)rigadier-general
of the regular army, and major-general of volun-
teers in March, 1862. He succeeded McClellan
at the head of the army of occupation in western
Virginia after his victory at Rich ^Mountain, and
held it until Major-General Fremont took charge
of the Mountain Department, March 29, 1862.
From June 26th until the end of October, Rose-

[1

crans was Pope's successor in the Army of the
Mississippi and, taking command of the District
of Corinth, he defeated the Confederate forces at
luka and Corinth. He now replaced Buell in the
Army of the Cumberland. As general command-
ing he won the battle of Stone's River, but was
defeated at Chickamauga, and was succeeded by
Major-General George H. Thomas. He then
spent a year in command of the Department of
Missouri, during which he drove Price out of the
State, and on December 9, 1864, was relieved of
active command. After resigning his commission,
in 1866, he was United States minister to INIexico,
and was in Congress from 1881 to 1885. In 1889,
Congress restored him to the rank and pay of
brigadier-general. He died at Rcdondo, Cali-
fornia, :\larch 11, 1898.

Major-Gexeral George Hexry Thomas (U.
S.M.A. 1840) was born in Southampton County,
Virginia, July 31,1816. He served in the Seminole
and Mexican wars, and had risen to the grade of
lieutenant-colonel when the Civil War broke out.
In August, 1861, he was made brigadier-general
of volunteers. His first services in the war were
rendered in the Departments of Pennsylvania and
of the Shenandoah. His division of the Army of
the Ohio defeated the Confederate forces at Mill
Springs, Kentucky, January 19, 1862. This vic-
tory first brought him into notice, and shortly
afterward he was made major-general of volun-
teers. He was put at the head of the Center
(Fourteenth Corps) of the reorganized Army of
the Cumberland, and in October, 1863, he assumed
the chief connnand, distinguishing himself at Mis-
sionary Ridge, in the Atlanta campaign, and in
the crushing defeat of Bragg at Nashville. He
was promoted to major-general in the regular
army for his services at Nashville, December 15,
1864. He narrowly escaped this honor, for, impa-
tient at his delay in attacking Hood — a delay oc-
casioned by the very inclement weather — Grant
had sent j\Iajor-Gencral Logan to relieve him, and
the latter was on the way. He had also shown
himself a gallant fighter in the earlier battles of
Stone's River, and Chickamauga, where he held the
left wing of the army against tremendous odds.
This feat is considered one of the most glorious of
the whole war. With the right wing of the army
routed and in utter confusion, Thomas kept his
position against the whole of Bragg's army until
ordered to withdraw. He declined the brevet of
lieutenant-general, which President Johnson of-
fered him in 1868. Two years later he died in
San Francisco, March 28, 1870.
•2]

JOHN McAllister sciiofield

Commaiulcr of the Army of the Frontier and of the
Department and Army of the Oliio.

-V3

DON CARLOS BUELL
Commander of the Army of the Ohio in the Shiloh
Campaign and Afterward of a Department.

JOHN POPE
Commander of the Army of Virginia, June to Sep-
tember, 1862, Including Second Bull Run.

WILLL4M STARKE ROSECRANS
Commander of the Army of the Ohio (Cumberland) in
the Campaign of Stone's River and Chickamauga.

COMMANDERS OF THE ARMIES OF THE OHIO AND VIRGINIA

The Department of the Ohio having been
merged in that of Mississippi, March, 1862, it
was recreated on August 19th, to consist of the
States of Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, lUinois, Wis-
consin, and Kentucky, east of the Tennessee
River, and Major-General H. G. Wright was
placed at the head. The troops of the depart-
ment were scattered through many districts. Some
of the brigades constituted the Army of Kentucky,
of which Major-Gcneral Gordon Granger was in
command. Wright was rephiced INIarch 25, 1863,
by Major-General A. E. Burnside, and shortly
afterward the troops in the department were re-
organized into the Twenty-third Army Corps,
and this foi'ce is the Army of the Ohio associated
with tlie Knoxville, Atlanta, and Nashville cam-
paigns. The Ninth Corps was attached to the de-
partment from March, 1863, to March, 1864.
Burnside was succeeded in turn by Major-Gen-
erals J. G. Foster, J. M. Schofield, and George
Stoneman. A cavalry division organized in April,
1864, was headed by Major-General Stoneman,
and afterward by Colonels Capron and Garrard.
On January 17, 1865, the troops still in the de-
partment (the Twenty-third Corps having gone

to North Carolina) were annexed to the Depart-
ment of the Cumberland.

Major-General John McAllister Scho-
field (U.S.M.A. 1853) was born in Chautauqua
County, New York, September 29, 1831. After
garrison duty in Florida and South Carolina, he
held the chair of natural philosophy at West
Point and later at Washington University, St.
Louis, where the outbreak of the Civil War found
him. He had command of the District of St. Louis,
Department of Missouri; Army of the Frontier;
of a division in the Fourteenth Corps ; the De-
partment and Army of the Ohio, and of the Twen-
ty-third Corps, which was transferred to North
Carolina late in the war. He was made major-
general of volunteers in November, 1862. His
most noteworthy active services were rendered
during the Atlanta campaign and at the battle
of Franklin. After the Civil War he was Sec-
retary of War ad interim, after the resignation of
General Grant. He was commander of the United
States army from 1888 to 1895, rising to the rank
of lieutenant-general, at which he was retired in
September, 1895. He died at St. Augustine, Flor-
ida, March 4, 1906.

The Army of the Mississippi had a short ex-
istence, being organized February 23d, and dis-
continued October 26, 1862. Its first commander
was Major-General John Pope, who was suc-
ceeded, June 26th, by Major-General W. S. Rose-
crans. This army consisted of five divisions, a

flotilla brigade, and several brigades of cavalry,
and operated on the Mississippi in the spring of
1862, capturing Island No. 10; before Corinth
in INIay, 1862, and at luka and Corinth in Sep-
tember and October, 1862. Most of the troops
went into the Thirteentli Army Corps.

Armij of Utrgtnia

To OBTAIN CLOSER ORGANIZATION in the various Washington. This last, an unorganized body of
commands operating in Virginia, President Lin- troops, did not join the army at once. Major-
coin, on June 26, 1862, constituted the Army of General John Pope was placed at the head of the
Virginia out of Major-General Fremont's forces new organization, which was divided into three
(Mountain Department), those of Major-Gen- corps. Exclusive of Sturgis' troops it numbered
eral McDowell (Department of the Rappahan- between forty and fifty thousand men, and was
nock), those of Major-General Banks (Depart- augmented later by troops from three corps of
ment of the Shenandoah), and Brigadier-General the Army of the Potomac. A corps of the Army of
Sturgis' brigade from the Military District of Virginia checked " Stonewall " Jackson's advance

f 1V4I

FEDERAL
MAJOR-GENERALS
COMMANDING
ARMIES

■, Hr A, ( .IIT. i . .11,11.,, 11.!. I

of the Southwest; Led Troop.s at
Wilson's Creek and Pea Ridge.

Quinej- Adams GiUiiiore, Commander of the
Department and Army of the South
at the Sie|.e of Charleston.

Frederick Steele, Commander of the Army
of Arkansas; Engaged at Little
Rock.

Benjamin Franklin Butler, Com-
mander of the Department and
Army of the Gidf in 1862, and
of the Army of the James
in 1864. With this Army
he Operated Against Rich-
mond in May and June.

Gordon (iraiificr. Commander of the Aimy
of Kentucky in 1862; Noted at
Chickamauga.

OPERATING
ON THE GULF
AND ALONG THE
WESTERN FRONTIER

James G. Blunt. Ciminuiiidrr in Kansas
and of the Army <jf the Frontier; at
Prairie Grove.

David Hunter, Head of a Division at Bull
Run and later of the Department
of the South.

at Cedar Mountain, on August 9th, but the entire
organization was defeated at Manassas by Jack-
son and Longstreet, August 29th and 30th, and
withdrew to the lines of Washington. On Septem-
ber 12th, the Army of Virginia was merged in the
Army of the Potomac.

Major-General John Pope (U.S.M.A. 1842)
was born in Louisville, Kentucky, March 16, 1822.
He served in the ^Mexican War, rising to the rank
of captain. After this he did much work on en-
gineering service in connection with the develop-
ment of the West. When the Civil War broke out.
Pope was sent to Cairo, Illinois, and later to
command the troops in northern Missouri. From
February to June, 1862, he headed the newly

created Army of the Mississippi, during which
time he was made major-general of volunteers and
brigadier-general of the regular army. His most
notable achievement was the capture of Island
No. 10, as a result of which he was put in com-
mand of the Army of Virginia, June 26, 1862.
The reverse of Second Bull Run caused him to ask
to be relieved of this command, and he was sent to
the Department of the Northwest, to carry on the
war against the Sioux Indians. He headed other
departments in the West until he was retired, in
1886. His last command was the Department of
the Pacific. He was brovetted major-general in
March, 1865, for his services at Island No. 10, and
received the full rank in 1882. Major-General
Pope died at Sandusky, Ohio, September 23, 1892.

Created December 25, 1861, from troops in
portions of the Department of Missouri. It was
merged in the District of Eastern Arkansas, De-
partment of Tennessee, December 13, 1862, and
was commanded during its existence by Brigadier-
Generals S. R. Curtis, Frederick Steele, E. A.
Carr, and W. A. Gorman. This army fought
many minor but important engagements in j\Iis-
souri and Arkansas, including Bentonville, Sugar
Creek, and Pea Ridge.

Major-Gexeral Samuel Ryan Curtis (U.S.
M.A. 1831) was born near Champlain, New York,
February, 1807, and resigned from the army to
become a civil engineer and, later, a lawyer. He
served as colonel of volunteers in the JNIexican
War, and afterward went to Congress. He was
made brigadier-general of volunteers in IVIay,
1861, and was commander of the Army of the
Southwest from December, 1861, to August, 1862.
He conducted an active campaign against Van
Dorn and Price, during which he won the battle of
Pea Ridge, March 7-8, 1862, and was made major-
general of volunteers that same month. Later,
he was unable to hold Arkansas and was compelled
to march to the Mississippi River. He was in
command of the Department of Missouri, Sep-
tember, 1862, to May, 1863, and of Kansas, Jan-
uary, 186'i, to January, 1865, after which he was
at the head of that of the Northwest. He nego-
tiated treaties with several Indian tribes, and was
nuistered out of the volunteer service April 30,

1866. He died at Council Bluffs, Iowa, Decem-
ber 26, 1866.

Major-General Frederick Steele (U.S.M.
A. 184<3) was born in Delhi, New York, January
14, 1819, and served in the Mexican War. He was
a major when the Civil War broke out and
rose to be major-general of volunteers in No-
vember, 1862. Steele served with distinction in
Missouri, and was given a division in the Army
of the Southwest in ^lay, 1862. For a short time,
he had command of the army itself. When it was
broken up, he was finally transferred into the De-
partment of the Tennessee, having a division on
Sherman's Yazoo Expedition, McClcrnand's Army
of the Mississippi, and the new Fifteenth Army
Corps, with which he took part in the Vicks-
burg campaign. In August, 1863, he was given
charge of the Arkansas Expedition, which devel-
oped into the Seventh Army Corps, at the head of
which he remained until December, 1864. He
Avas given a separate command in the district of
West Florida, and assisted Major-General Gor-
don Granger at the final operations around Mo-
bile. After mustei'-out from the volunteer service,
he returned to the regular army as colonel, having
already received the brevet of major-general for
the capture of Little Rock. He died at San
Mateo, California, January 12, 1868.

Major-Genekal Eugene Asa Carr (U.S.M.
A. 1850) was born in Erie County, New York, in

GEORGE CROOK

( 'oiniuaiKliT of the Army of West Vir-
ginia in 1864. Later Crook led a
Cavalry Division under Sheridan in the
Appomattox Campaign at Five Forks
and during the pursuit of Lee.

JOHN C. FREMONT

Commander of the Mountain De-
partment and Army in West Virginia in
18C!2. Fremont was in Command in
Missouri in 1861 and at one time gave
orders to Brigadier-General Grant.

N.\THANIEL PRENTISS BANKS

Commander of the Department and
Army of the Shenandoah in 18(i2
and of the Army of the Gulf in
18(i;?-4. With this Army Banks
captured Port Hudson in 1863.

PHILIP HENRY SHERIDAN

Commander of the Army of Shenan-
doah in 1864. Sheridan Led a
Division at Chickamauga and Chat-
tanooga and Commanded the Cav-
alry Corps of the Army of the Po-
tomac in the Wilderness Campaign.

HENRY WARNER SLOCUM

Commander of the Army of Georgia
in the Carolinas. Slocum Com-
manded the Twelfth Corps, Army
of the Potomac, at Chancellors-
ville and Gettysburg and the Twen-
tieth Corps in Front of Atlanta.

JOHN A. McCLERNAND

Commander of the Army of the
Mississippi in 1862-3. McClemand
Led Troops at Shiloh and later Com-
manded the Army of the Mississippi
operating against Vicksburg; Head
of a Corps in Grant's Siege.

COMMANDERS OF THE ARMIES OF WEST VIRGINIA, SHENANDOAH,

GEORGIA AND MISSISSIPPI

Armg of W^Bt Birgima

1830, and served in the mounted rifles in Indian
warfare until the opening of the Civil War, when
he became colonel in the Illinois cavalry. His ap-
pointment of brigadier-general of volunteers was
dated March 7, 1862. His service was chiefly
in the Southwest, in the Army of the Southwest,
the Thirteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth corps,
the Districts of Arkansas, and of Little Rock.
For short periods he was at the head of the Army
of the Southwest and of the left wing of the Six-
teenth Corps. His gallant and meritorious serv-

ice in the field won him a medal of honor and suc-
cessive brevets in the regular army, and he showed
especial bravery and military ability at Wilson's
Creek, Pea Ridge, Black River Bridge, and the
capture of Little Rock. He was mustered out of
the volunteer service in January, 1866, with the
brevet of major-general in the regular army. He
returned to the army, and consinued in service on
the frontier. In 1892, he was made brigadier-
general and was retired February 15, 1893. He
died in Washington, D. C, December 2, 1910.

Armg of WtBt Btrgmta

Thk troops in the Department of West Vir-
ginia were taken from the Eighth Army Corps
when the department was reorganized, June 28,
1863. The department commanders were Brig-
adier-General B. F. Kelley, Major-Generals Franz
Sigel, David Hunter, George Crook, Brigadier-
General J. D. Stevenson, Brevet Major-General
S. S. Carroll, and Major-Generals W. S. Hancock
and W. H. Emory. In the campaign against
Lieutenant-General Early (June-October, 1864<),
the two divisions (about seventy-five hundred men)
under Crook were called the Army of West Vir-
ginia. This force was prominent at the Opequon,
Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek, and other engage-
ments. After the campaign, the troops returned
to the various districts in the department.

Major-General David Hunter (U.S.M.A.
1822) was born in Washington, July 21, 1802,
and rose to rank of major in the Mexican War.
As brigadier-general of volunteers, he commanded
the Second Division at Bull Run, where he was
severely wounded. Shortly afterward, lie was
made major-general of volunteers. He succeeded
Fremont in the Western Department, and was at
the head of the Department of Kansas, November,
1861, to March, 1862, then of the South, until
September, and of the Tenth Corps from January

to June, 1863, and in May, 1864, he succeeded
Major-General Sigel in the connnand of the De-
partment of West Virginia. Hunter was the first
general to enlist colored troops, and presided at
the court which tried the Lincoln conspirators.
He was retired in 1866, having been brevetted
major-general, and died in Washington, February
2, 1886.

Major-General George Crook (U.S.M.A.
1852) was born near Dayton, Ohio, September 8,
1828. He spent the nine years before the opening
of the Civil War in California. As brigadier-
general of volunteers in the Army of the Cum-
berland, he commanded a division of cavalry. He
succeeded Major-General David Hunter in the
command of the Department of West Virginia
in August, 1864', and sliortly afterward was made
major-general of volunteers. He was active in
the Shenandoah campaign under Sheridan ; also
at Five Forks and Appomattox. In 1866, as
lieutenant-colonel of the regular army, he was sent
to the West, where he remained in constant war-
fare with the Indians for many years. He ob-
tained charge of all the tribes and did much for
their advancement. In 1888, he attained the rank
of major-general, and died in Chicago, March 21,
1890.

Brpartm^ut of Utrgtmti mh NortI| (Earoltna, Armg of tl)^ Mmta

The Department of Virginia was created in
May, 1861, and the troops therein were organized
into the Seventh Army Corps on July 22, 1862.
This corps was divided between Fort Monroe,
Norfolk, Portsmoutli, Yorktown, and other places.

[178

The Eighteenth Army Corps, created December
24, 1862, from troops in the Department of North
Carolina was transferred to the Department of
Virginia and North Carolina July 15, 1863, when
the two departments were united, and the troops

Irvin McUowoll CoiiimandcMl the 1st A. A. Humphreys Coniman<lcd tlic Joliu Newton Commanded the 1st
Corps in Front of Washington. 2(1 Corps at Petershiirj;. Corps at Gettysburg and After.

Diuius N. Couch Commanded the Edwin \'ose Sumner Commanded the Winfield Scott Hancock; Under Him

5d Corps at Fredericksburg and 2d Corps on the Peninsula the Second Corps Earned the

Chancellorsville. and in Maryland. Name "Old Guard."

fedp:ral major-generals commanding the first and second

army corps

[u-liil

Army mh ippartmrnt of tl)p (^ulf

therein were all merged in the Eighteenth Corps.
This was reorganized in April, 1864, and the Tenth
Corps being transferred from the Department of
the South, the whole force was called the Army of
the James. Its principal commander was Major-
General Benjamin F. Butler, although Major-
Generals E. O. C. Ord and D. B. Birncy held com-
mand for short periods. On December 3, 1864<,
the two corps were discontinued, the white troops
being formed into the Twenty-fourth Army Corps
and the colored into the Twenty-fifth. On Jan-
uary 31, 1865, the two departments were again
separated.

Major-General Benjamin Franklin Butler
was born in Deerfield, New Hampshire, November
5, 1818, and was graduated from Waterville Col-
lege in 1838. He practised law and entered
political life. As a brigadier-general of the Mas-
sachusetts State ]\Iilitia, he answered President
Lincoln's call and was placed in command of the
Department of Annapolis. In May, 1861, he
was made major-general of volunteers and given

the Department of Virginia, and in August led the
troops that assisted in the capture of Forts Hat-
tcras and Clark. On ]\Iarch 20, 1862, he was put
in command of the Department of the Gulf and his
troops occupied New Orleans on May 1st. His
army gained possession of most of the lower Mis-
sissippi, and in December he was relieved by
Major-General Banks. On November 1st, he as-
sumed command of the Department of Virginia
and North Carolina and personally led the Eight-
eenth Corps (Army of the James) until May 2,
186-i. He was sent to New York city in October
to cope with the anticipated disturbance during
the presidential election. Following an unsuc-
cessful expedition (December 186-i) against Fort
Fisher, he was removed by Licutenant-Gencral
Grant. He was elected to Congress as a Repub-
lican, in 1866. In 1883, he was Democratic
governor of Massachusetts, and in the following
year was the unsuccessful presidential candidate
of the Greenback-Labor and Anti-Monopolist par-
ties. He died in Washington, January 11,
1893.

Armij mh i^^artntrnt of tl}t (^nlf

Constituted February 23, 1862, comprising,
in a general way, the territory of the Gulf States
occupied by the Federal troops. Major-General
Benjamin F. Butler was the first commander. He
was followed by Major-Generals N. P. Banks,
S. A. Hurlbut, and E. R. S. Canby, who com-
manded after the close of the war. There were, at
first, many separate bodies of troops scattered
over the department. One of these, the Nine-
teenth Army Corps, was organized in January,
1863, and was discontinued as a corps in this
department November 7, 1864. The Thirteenth
Army Corps joined this army from that of the
Tennessee in August, 1863, and remained until
June, 1864. A detachment of the Sixteenth Corps,
also from the Army of the Tennessee, joined for
the Red River expedition, in March, 1864. On
May 7, 1864, the Department of the Gulf was
merged in the Military Division of West Missis-
sippi, but retained a separate existence.

Major-General Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
was born in Waltham, Massachusetts, January
30, 1816. He received a common-school educa-
tion, practised law, and was a prominent mem-
ber of Congress from 1853 to 1857. He was

governor of Massachusetts from 1858 until 1861,
and when the Civil War broke out he was presi-
dent of the Illinois Central Railroad Company,
but innnediately offered his services to the Gov-
ernment. He was made major-general of volun-
teers, and was appointed to the command of the
Department of Annapolis, and then to the De-
partment of the Slienandoah. In the organiza-
tion of the Army of the Potomac in March, 1862,
he was assigned to the Fifth Corps, but his force
was detached April 4, 1862, and remained in the
Shenandoah Valley, where Banks had command
until that corps was merged in the Army of Vir-
ginia, June 26, 1862. After the Army of Vir-
ginia was discontinued, Banks was at the head
of the Military District of Washington until Oc-
tober 27, 1862. He succeeded Major-General
B. F. Butler in command of the Department of
the Gulf, and was actively engaged along the
lower Mississippi and Red rivers. He resigned
his commission after the disastrous Red River
expedition of 1864, and was reelected to Con-
gress. In 1890, owing to an increasing mental
disorder, he was obliged to retire from public life.
He died at his home in Waltham, September 1,
1894.

180]

TWO COMMANDKU.S

OK THK
Tllllil) AliMY COUPS,
SICKLKS
AND
IIEINTZLKMAN

Daniel K. Sickles
( '<)iiiiiiiiti(le(l I li e
'I'liird Corps al
( lianceliiirs \- i 11 e
and ( ieUN sliur^.

S. p. Heintzelman
Led the Tlurd Corps
al Fair Oaks and
Second I$nll Run.

FEDERAL
MAJOR-
GENERALS

( OMMANDERS OF THE
THIRD AND FOURTH
ARMY CORPS

W. H. l''rcni li ( OimiLaiided the
Third Corps in the Mine
Run Campaign.

T. J. Wood Commanded the Fourth Corps
(West) at Nashville, 18G4.

Erasmus D. Keyes (Commanded the Fourth
Corps (East) on the Peninsula.

Major-General Edward Richard Sprigg
Canuy (U.S.jM.A. 1839) was born in Kentucky
in 1819. Entering the army, he served in the Semi-
nole and Mexican wars. When the Civil War broke
out, he served first as colonel in New Mexico, held
that territory for the Union, and prevented a Con-
federate invasion of California. Then, for some
time, he was on special duty in the North and
East. In May, 186-i, with the rank of major-
general of volunteers, he assumed command of
the Military Division of West Mississippi. He
captured Mobile, April 12, 1865, and the follow-
ing month arranged for the surrender of the Con-
federate forces in the Trans-Mississippi Depart-
ment. June 3, 1865, he succeeded to the command
of the Army and Department of the Gulf. After
the close of the war he was made brigadier-gen-
eral in the regular army, and was put in com-
mand of the Department of the Columl)ia. While
engaged in attempting to settle difficulties between
the Government and the Modoc Indians, he was
treacherously murdered by their chief, April 11,
1873.

Major-General Gordon Granger (U.S.M.A.
1845) was born in New York city in 1821, and
served in the Mexican War and on the South-
western frontier. When the Civil War broke out,

he was made captain and rose through successive
grades until liis appointment of majoi'-general of
volunteers was dated September 17, 1862. He
fought at Wilson's Creek, and later connnanded
the cavalry and had a brigade in the Army of the
Mississippi. Then he had charge of the so-called
Army of Kentucky, from August to October, 1862,
and served in the Department of the Ohio until
put in charge of the newly organized Reserve
Corps of the Army of the Cumberland. At Chick-
amauga, he rendered most timely assistance to
Thomas and won a brevet of lieutenant-colonel in
the regular army. He was the first commander
of the new Fourth Corps until April, 1864, when
he was sent to command the district of South Ala-
bama, the troops of which were merged in the
Reserve Corps, Department of the Gulf (after-
ward called New Thirteenth Army Corps) of
which Granger took command in Januarv, 1865.
He commanded the land forces at the fall of Forts
Morgan and Gaines (August, 1864), and in the
operations around Mobile that resulted in its cap-
ture, April, 1865. After the war, Major-General
Granger was mustered out of the volunteer service
and received the commission of colonel in the
regular army. He was brevetted major-general
in March, 1865. He died in Santa Fe, New Mex-
ico, January 10, 1876.

Armg of

The Fot^rteenth and Twentieth Army
Corps on the march to the sea and through the
Carolinas (November 1864-April 1865) were so
known. This force was commanded by Major-Gen-
eral Henry W. Slocum, and constituted the left
wing of Sherman's army.

Major-General Henry Warner Slocum
(U.S.M.A. 1852) was born in Delphi, New York,
September 24, 1827, and, beginning the practice
of law at Syracuse, New York, he resigned his
commission as first lieutenant in 1855. At the
outbreak of the Civil War, he joined McDowell's
troops as colonel of the Twenty-seventh New York
Volunteers, and at Bull Run was severely wounded.
In August, 1861, as brigadier-general of volun-
teers, he commanded a brigade of Franklin's Di-
vision of the Army of the Potomac, and later had
a division in the Sixth Corps. At Gaines' ]\II11 and
Glendale, General Slocum took a prominent part,
and after the battle of Malvern Hill he was pro-

[ 18'

moted. As major-general of volunteers, he was
given the Twelfth Corps in October, 1862. He
fought with the armies of the Potomac and of
A'irginia, and was sent by Major-General Meade
to conmiand the army on the first day of Get-
tysburg. He went West with liis corps, and was
commanding at Tullahoma during tlie battle of
Chattanooga. For short periods, in 1864 and
1865, he had charge of the District of Vicks-
burg. In the Atlanta campaign, he was in com-
mand of the Twentieth Corps and during the
march to the sea and the Georgia and Carolina
campaigns, he was at the head of the Army of
Georgia, which formed the left wing of General
Sherman's army. At the battle of Bentonville,
North Carolina, General Slocum repulsed John-
ston's attack, and later was present at the sur-
render of the Confederate Army. He resigned his
commission in 1865, and devoted himself to the
law. He died in Brooklyn, New York, April 14,
1894.

Kit/, John Porter Commanded the George Sykes Commanded the Fifth William Farrar Smith Led the

Fifth Corps on the Peninsuhi. Corps at Gettysburg. Sixth Corps at Fredericksburg.

FEDERAL MAJOR-GENERALS
COMMANDERS OF THE FIFTH AND SIXTH ARMY CORPS

Horatio G. Wriglit Coniinanded the William Buel Franklin Commanded Gouverneur Kenible Warren. Long

Sixth Corps in the Shenandoah the Sixth Corps on the Peninsula Associated with the Fifth Corps,

and Petersburg Campaigns. and at Antietam under McClellan. finally as Corps Commander.

A FORCE belonging to the Middle Military Di-
vision, organized for Major-General P. H. Sheri-
dan, in August, 186-i, in order to drive Licutcn-
ant-Gencral Early from the Shenandoah valley.
It consisted of the Sixth Corps from the Army of
the Potomac, and a detachment of the Nineteenth
Corps, Army of the Gulf. There was also a cav-
alry corps made up of two divisions of the cavalry
of the Army of the Potomac. With it acted the
troops of the Department of West Virginia, a

force created from the Eighth Corps (Middle
Department), and sometimes called the Army of
West Virginia, under the command of Major-
General George Crook. Major-General Wright
of the Sixth Corps had charge of the Army of
the Shenandoah for a few days in October, 186-i,
and jNIajor-Gcncral A. T. A. Torbert assumed
tlie command in February, 1865, when Sheridan
rejoined the Army of the Potomac with the cav-
alry.

Army of tip iFrnntt^r

The field forces in Missouri and Kansas
were organized into the Army of the Frontier on
October 12, 1862. It was commanded by Major-
Gcnerals J. M. Schoficld and F. J. Herron, and
by Major-General James G. Blunt temporarily.
It was very active during its existence, and fought
many minor engagements in the Southwest, in-
cluding Clark's ]\Iill, Missouri, and Prairie Grove,
Arkansas, and the capture of Van Buren, Arkan-
sas. The army went out of existence June 5,
1863, and its troops were scattered among the dis-
tricts in Tennessee and JNIissouri.

Major-General Francis Jay Herron was
born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in 1837, and
gave up his business career in Iowa to go to the
front as lieutenant-colonel of an Iowa regiment.
He served in the Army of the Southwest, and was
captured at Pea Ridge after conduct that brought
him great praise and a medal of honor. He was
given a division of the Army of the Frontier,
which he commanded at Prairie Grove. From
March to June, 1863, he was, as major-general of
volunteers, at tlie head of the army itself. Later,
as division commander of the Tliirteenth Corps,
he was present at the fall of Vicksburg, and also
held command in Texas and at Port Hudson. He

received the surrender of the Confederate forces
west of the Mississippi in May, 1865. He resigned
from the service in June, 1865, and practised law
in New Orleans and New York. He died Jan-
uary 8, 1902.

Major-General James G. Blunt was born in
Trenton, INIaine, in 1826, and became a physician.
He settled in Kansas, where he became prominent
for his work in the anti-slavery movement. He
went to the Civil War as lieutenant-colonel and
was made brigadier-general of volunteers in April,
1862. He was placed at the head of the Depart-
ment of Kansas on May 5, 1862, and when that
department was merged in that of Missouri, on
September 19th, he was given a division in the
Army of the Frontier. On December 7th, his
division and that of Brigadier-General F. J. Her-
ron checked, at Prairie Grove, Arkansas, the ad-
vance of ]\Iajor-Gencral Hindman into Missouri.
Blunt was senior officer in command of both divi-
sions in the battle. From June, 1863 to January,
1864, he was at the head of the District of the
Frontier, that army having been broken up. From
October, 186-i, to the end of the war he connnand-
ed the District of South Kansas. He died in
Washington, D. C, July 25, 1881.

Army of tl]^ liomttaiu i^partmatt

Created March 11, 1862, from the Depart-
ment of Western Virginia. On March 29th, Brig-
adier-General Rosecrans turned over the troops
therein to Major-General John C. Fremont.
This force co-operated with Banks and McDowell

against " Stonewall" Jackson in the Slienandoah
vallcv, and its principal engagements wei'e those
at IMcDowell and Cross Keys. On June 26, 1862,
the Mountain Department became the First Corps,
Army of Virginia.

[18*:

Jdhn A. Dix ('()iiim;inilc<l tlic Seventh Corps
(East) in 18C2.

Robert C. Schenck Commanded the Eighth
Corps in 1863.

FEDERAL
MAJOR-
GENERALS
COMMANDERS
OF THE
SEVENTH,
EIGHTH
AND NINTH
ARMY
CORPS

J. J. Reynolds Commanded tlie Seventh
Corps (West) in 1804.

John E. Wool Commanded the Eighth Corps
in 1802.

John G. Parke Commanded the Ninth Corps
at Petersburg.

Orlando B. Willcox Commanded the Ninth
Army Corps in 1803-4.

iPtrat Armg (Eorpa

]Major-Geneuat- Johx Chari.ks Fkkmoxt
was born in Savannah, Georgia, January
1813. He became professor of mathematics in
the United States navy, and was connnissioned
second heutenant in tlie Corps of Topographical
Engineers, in 1838. He conducted several ex-
ploring expeditions to the Far West, during one
of which he fomented a revolt against ^lexican
rule in California and raised the Bear Flag in
that region. Later, he assisted in the Mexican
War and was made civil governor of California
by Commodore Stockton. Trouble arose between
him and General Kearny, who had been charged
with the establishment of the Government, which
resulted in a court martial and Fremont's resigna-
tion from the army. He settled in California,
represented that State in the Senate, and was the

unsuccessful Republican candidate for President,
in 1856. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he
was appointed major-general, and on July 25,
18(jl, put at the head of tlie Western Department,
witii headquarters at St. Louis, where he made an
attempt to free the slaves of Southern sympathiz-
ers. This act led to his removal in November, and
the following ALirch he was given connnand of the
newly created Mountain Department. He refused
to serve as corps commander under Major-Gen-
eral Pope when his troops were merged in the
Army of Virginia. He resigned from the army
in June, 186-1. He became interested in railroad
l)uilding and was governor of Arizona (1878-
188^2). Li 1890, he was reappointed major-gen-
eral and was retired with that rank on April 28th.
He died July 13, 1890.

iFtrfit Armg (HavpB

The First Army Corps was originally plaimed
to consist of the troops of the Mountain De})art-
ment, earlier known as the Department of West-
ern Virginia, under connnand of Brigadier-Gen-
eral W. S. Rosecrans, but by order of the Presi-
dent, the First Corps, from troops of the Army of
the Potomac, was placed under connnand of ]Major-
General Irvin McDowell, JNLarch 13, 1862. ' On
April -ith, the First Corps was discontinued and tlie
troops sent to the Department of the Rappahan-
nock, and then in turn merged in the Army of
Virginia, as the Third Corps, on June 26, 1862.
The First Corps, Army of the Potomac, was re-
created September 12, 1862, from tlie troops of
the Third Corps, Army of Virginia, coming
successively under command of INLijor-General
Joseph Hooker, Brigadier-General George G.
Meade, Brigadier-General J. S. Wadsworth, ]Ma-
jor-Generals J. F. Reynolds, Abner Doubleday,
and John Xewton. This corps rendered gallant
service at South Mountain, Antietam, P'redericks-
burg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, among
the more important engagements. It was discon-
tinued ]\Lirch 24<, 1864', when it became merged
in the Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac.

INIajor-Gkxkkai, Lnix Mc Dowki.t, (TT.S.M.A.
1838) was born in Columbus, Ohio, October 15,
1818. He rendered distinguished service in tiie
Mexican W^ar. As brigadier-general at the head
of the Department of Northeastern Virginia, he

liad connnand of the Union army at First Bull
Run. Afterward, with a commission of major-
general of volunteers, he had a division in the
Army of the Potomac. In further reorganiza-
tions and changes he headed his troops as com-
mander of the First Corps, Army of the Potomac:
Department of tlie Rappahannock, and Third
Corps, Army of A irginia. His conspicuous serv-
ices at Cedar Mountain won him the brevet of
major-general, which full rank he attained in
1872. Immediately after Second Bull Run he
was I'elieved from field service, and was president
of several army boards. In July, 186-1, he was
])lace(l at the head of the Department of the
Pacific, and after the war held various commands.
He was retired in 1882, and died in San Francisco,
:\Iay 4, 1885.

]\Iajor-Gexerai. Abxer Doubleday (U.S.
M.A. 1812) was born at Ballston Spa, New York,
June 26, 1819, and served in the Mexican and
Seminole wars. As captain of the artillery he
was at Fort Sumter under iMajor Auflerson, and
fired upon the Confederates the first Federal gun
of the Civil War. He served under ^Major-General
Patterson in the Valley, and on February 3, 1862,
was made brigadier-general of volunteers and
placed in charge of the defenses of W^ashington.
He had a brigade in the Tliird Corps, Army of
A'irginia, and afterward a division, which he re-
tained when the corps again became the First

]S()

Corps, Army of the Potomac. In November,
1862, lie became major-general of volunteers.
He fought at Fredericksburg and Chancellors-
ville. When Reynolds was killed on the field of
Gettysburg, the command of the First Corps
fell upon him for the day, July 1, 1863, until he
was succeeded by Major-General John Newton.
After being mustered out of the volunteer service,
he served as colonel in the regular army until he
was retired in 1873. He had been brevetted brig-
adier and major-general in 1865. Major-General
Doubleday was the author of several important
military works. He died January 21, 1893, at
Mendham, New Jersey.

Major-Gexeral John Newton (U.S.M.A.
18'12) was born in Norfolk, Virginia, August
1823. After graduation he taught engineering at
West Point for three years, and then devoted him-
self to the construction of fortifications. The
outbreak of the Civil War found him chief engi-
neer of the Department of Pennsylvania, and he
assisted in preparing the defenses of the national
capital. The rank of brigadier-general of volun-
teers was given him in September, 1861, and he
remained with the organization which was eventu-
ally the First Corps, Army of the Potomac, as
brigade and division commander, being made ma-
jor-general of volunteers in March, 1863. He suc-
ceeded to the command of the corps after Reyn-
olds' death at Gettysburg, July 1, 1863, and led it
until it was discontinued, March 24, 186'i. His ap-
pointment as major-general of volunteers expired
in April, 186-1, and with his former title he suc-
ceeded Sheridan in a division of the Fourth Corps,

Army of the Cumberland. After the war, he con-
tinued in the regular army and reached the grade
of brigadier-general in 1884, being retired in
1886. His most renowned achievement was the
removal of the reefs at Hell Gate in the harbor of
New York. General Newton was commissioner
of public works. New York city, from 1887 to
1888, and then president of the Panama Railroad
Company. He died. May 1, 1895.

Major-General John Fulton Reynolds (U.
S.INI.A. 18-11) was born in Lancaster, Pennsyl-
vania, September 20, 1820, and served in the
Mexican War, and in the Rogue River Indian
and Utah expeditions. At the outbreak of the
Civil War, he was commandant at West Point,
but with the rank of brigadier-general of vohjn-
teers took active part in the operations of the
Army of the Potomac from August, 1861. He
commanded a brigade of the Pennsylvania Re-
serves which was merged in the First Corps, Army
of the Potomac. He went with McDowell to the
Department of the Rappahannock but returned
to the Army of the Potomac at the head of a
brigade in the Fifth Corps, for the move to the
James. He was taken prisoner at Glendale but
was exchanged. The brigade joined the Third
Corps, Army of Virginia, in which Reynolds com-
manded a division. Again with the Army of the
Potomac, Reynolds was given the First Corps on
September 29, 1862, and later was made major-
general of volunteers. On the first day of Gettys-
burg, July 1, 1863, he was killed by a Confederate
sharpshooter. Reynolds' loss was most keenly
felt in tlie Federal army.

Created by the general order of March 3,
1862, chiefly from Sumner's and Blenker's divi-
sions of the Army of the Potomac as constituted
in October, 1861. Major-General Sumner was
its first commander, and his successors were Ma-
jor-Generals D. N. Couch, John Sedgwick, O. O.
Howard, W. S. Hancock, G. K. Warren, D. B.
Birney, A. A. Humphreys, Brevet Major-Generals
Gershom Mott, N. A. Miles, and F. C. Barlow,
and Brigadier-Generals John Gibbon, William
Hays, and J. C. Caldwell. The Second Corps was
with the Army of the Potomac all through the war
and took part in all its great engagements. It suf-
fered most severely at Antietam. It was discon-

[

tiimcd June 28, 1865. The Second Corps made a
notable record for itself. One interesting fact is
that until the battle of Spotsylvania, on May 10,
186-1, it never lost a gun or a color.

Major-General Edwin Vose Sumner was
born in Boston, January 30, 1797, enlisting in
the army in 1819. He rendered distinguished
service in the Black Hawk and Mexican wars, and
was military governor of New Mexico from 1851
to 1853. As brigadier-general, he superseded
Brevet Brigadier-General Albert Sidney Johnston
in the command of the Department of the Pacific
in April, 1861. He came East to participate in
188]

MAJOR-GENERALS

Franz Sigel Commanded the 11th (\)rps. jums M. Palmer Commanded the 14th Coips.

COMMANDERS
OF THE
ELEVENTH
TWELFTH

Jefif C. Davis Commanded the 14th Corps. C. C. Washburn Commanded the 13th Corps.

THIRTEENTH

AND

FOURTEENTH
ARMY CORPS

George W. Morgan Commanded the 13th Corps.

Alpheus S. Williams Commanded the 12th Corps.

the Civil War, and became tlic first commander of
the Second Army Corps. He was made major-
general of volunteers, July 4, 1862. He was
wounded in the Peninsula campaign and also at
Antietam. Upon Burnside's reorganization of the
army, he commanded the Right Grand Division.
When Hooker was put at the head, Major-Gen-
eral Sumner was relieved at his own request, and
sent to the Department of Missouri. But he died
on the way there, at Syracuse, New York, March
21, 1863.

Major-General Darius Nash Couch (U.S.
M.A. 1846) was born in Putnam County, New
York, July 23, 1822, and served in the Mexican
and the Seminole wars, being brevetted first lieu-
tenant in the formei*. In 1855, he resigned from
the army and entered mercantile life in New York
city, but returned to his profession at the opening
of the Civil War as colonel of volunteers. He
was identified with the Department and Army of
the Potomac, first as brigade commander (August,
1861-March, 1862), then as division commander
in the Fourth Army Corps to September, 1862,
when he was made major-general of volunteers
and his division was transferred to the Sixth
Corps. In October, 1862, Couch was placed at
the head of the Second Corps, which he led at
Fredericksburg and at Chancellorsville. From
June, 1863, to December, 1864, he was at the
head of the Department of the Susquehanna, when
he was given a division of the Twenty-third Army
Corps, and fought at the battle of Nashville. He
I'esigned from the army in 1865, and was defeated
for governor of Massachusetts on the Democratic
ticket in the same year. Subsequently, he was
collector of the port of Boston, and quartermas-
ter-general and adjutant-general of Connecticut.
He died in Norwalk, Connecticut, February 12,
1897.

Brigadier-Generai> William Hays (U.S. M.A.
1840) was born in Richmond, Virginia, in 1819,
and served in the Mexican War. As lieutenant-
colonel he had a brigade of horse artillery in
the Army of the Potomac through the Peninsula
campaign, the artillery reserve at Antietam, and
the artillery of the Right Grand Division at
Fredericksburg. In November, 1862, he was
made brigadier-general of volunteers, and at
Chancellorsville, in command of a brigade in the
Second Army Corps he was wounded and cap-
tured. He was exchanged, and after the wound-
ing of Hancock at Gettysburg, he had command

[1

of the corps for a short time. Then he spent
some time in the Department of the East and
later had a brigade in the Second Corps. He died
in Fort Independence, Boston Harbor, February

7, 1875.

Major-General Gershom Mott was born in
Trenton, New Jersey, April 7, 1822, and served
in the Mexican War. He went to the front in
the Civil War as lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth
New Jersey Infantry, and later became colonel
of the Sixth New Jersey. In September, 1862,
he was promoted to brigadier-general of volun-
teers, and had a brigade in the Third Corps from
December, 1862, to March, 1864, and then had
consecutively two divisions of the Second Corps.
Several times he took command of the corps dur-
ing the absence of Major-General Humphreys.
Mott was brevetted major-general of volunteers
in August, 1864, and received the title jNIay 28,
1865, shortly before being mustered out. After
the war, he was at one time treasurer of the State
of New Jersey, and died in New York city, No-
vember 29, 1884.

Major-General Nelson Appleton Miles
was born in Westminster, Massachusetts, August

8, 1839. He entered mercantile life, but went to
the front in the Civil War as first lieutenant in the
Twenty-second Massachusetts Infantry, and in
May, 1862, he was made lieutenant-colonel of the
Sixty-first New York Infantry. By September
he had risen to a colonelcy of volunteers. He
fought with the Army of the Potomac in all its
battles and was wounded at Chancellorsville.
From March to July, 1864, he had a brigade in
the Second Corps and was made brigadier-general
in May. The rank of major-general of volun-
teers was given him in October, 1865. After the
war he entered the regular army as colonel, and
his chief service was against the Indians in the
West. In the Spanish-American War he com-
manded the United States army, and personally
led the Porto Rico expedition, and upon the re-
organization of the Army of the United States he
was appointed lieutenant-general (1900), being
retired with that rank three years later.

Major-General Winfield Scott Hancock
(U.S. M.A. 1844) was born in Montgomery
Square, Pennsylvania, February 14, 1824. He
served in the Mexican War and in the border
troubles in Kansas, and had risen to the rank of
captain when the Civil War broke out. He was
]

J. A. Mowor Commanded the Seventeenth J. G. Foster ( 'omniaiideil tlie Eiglitecntli

Corps in the Carolinas. Army Corps in 1864.

Jolin H. Martindale Commanded the Eigh- \PMY CORl'S WilHam H. Emory Commanded the Nine-

teenth Corps in Front of Richmond. teenth Corps in the Slienandoah Valley.

made brigadier-general of volunteers in Septem-
ber, 1861, and had a brigade in the Fourth Army
Corps at Williamsburg, where McC'lcllan called
him " Hancock the Superb." At Antietam, he
distinguished himself, and succeeded Richardson
at the head of a division of the Second Corps. In
November, 1862, lie was made major-general of
volunteers. His troops did noteworthy work at
Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, and Hancock
received the Second Corps, in May, 1863. At Get-
tysburg, Meade sent him to take charge on the
first day, after Reynolds' death, and on the third
day he himself was severely wounded. In March,

1864, he resumed command of the Second Corps.
He took charge of the Department of West Vir-
ginia and Middle jMilitary Division in March,

1865, After the war, lie became major-general in

1866, and commanded various departments. He
was an unsuccessful candidate for the presidency
against Garfield. Of Hancock, General Grant
once said : " Hancock stands the most conspicuous
figure of all the general officers who did not ex-
ercise a separate command. He commanded a
corps longer than any other one, and his name
was never mentioned as liaving committed in
battle a blunder for which he was responsible."
He died on Governor's Island, New York, Feb-
ruary 9, 1886.

Major-General Andrew Atkinson Humph-
reys (U.S.M.A. 1831) was born in Philadelphia,
November 2, 1810. He was closely associated
with engineering and coast-survey work until the
outbreak of the Civil War, when, as major, he be-
came a member of Major-General McClellan's
staff. In April, 1862, he was made brigadier-gen-
eral of volunteers and was chief topographical
engineer of the Army of the Potomac during the
Peninsula campaign. He had a division of the
Fifth Corps from September, 1862, to May, 1863,
and fought at Fredericksburg and Chancellors-
ville. He was then given a division of the Third
Corps, and after Gettysburg was promoted to
major-general of volunteers and made General
IVIeade's chief of staff. In the final campaign
against Lee, he had the Second Corps (November,
1864, to June, 1865). After being mustered out
of the volunteer service, September 1, 1866, he
was made brigadier-general and placed at the
head of the Engineer Corps of the United States
army. He was retired in July, 1879, and died
in Washington, December 27, 1883. He received
brevets for gallant and meritorious services at the
battles of Fredericksburg, Ya., Gettysburg, Pa.,
and Sailors Creek, Va.

[

Major-Generai. John Gibbon (U.S.M.A.
1847) was born in Holmesburg, Pennsylvania,
April 27, 1827, and served in the Mexican War.
Later, he was instructor in artillery practice and
quartermaster at West Point. He had reached the
giade of captain when the Civil War broke out, and
became McDowell's chief of artillery. He was pro-
moted to brigadier-general of volunteers in May,
1862. He had a brigade in the Third Corps,
Army of Virginia, and a brigade and division in
the First Corps, Army of the Potomac. He was
given a division in the Second Army Corps,
which he held for the most part until August,

1864. When Hancock was sent by Meade to take
charge at Gettysburg on the first day. Gibbon
was given temporary command of the corps and
was seriously wounded. As major-general of
volunteers, he had command of the Eighteenth
and Twenty-fourth army corps for short periods.
When mustered out of the volunteer service, he
continued in the regular army as colonel, and rose
to be brigadier-general in 1885. He did much In-
dian fighting, and in 1891 was retired from active
service. He died in Baltimore, February 6, 1896.

Major-General Francis Channing Barlow
was born in Brooklyn, New York, October 19,
1834, and was a Harvai'd graduate of 1855. He
enlisted as a private in the Twelfth New York
Militia, and after the three months' sen'ice had
expired, he returned to the field as lieutenant-
colonel of the Sixty-first New York. His rise was
rapid, due to ability displayed in the Army of
the Potomac, and he was made brigadier-general
of volunteers after the battle of Antietam (Sep-
tember, 1862), where he was badly wounded. He
had a brigade in the Eleventh Corps at Chan-
cellorsville, and a division at Gettysburg, when
he was again badly wounded. On recovery, he
was assigned to duty in the Department of the
South and afterward given a division in the Sec-
ond Army Corps, March 1864, and served until
the Army of the Potomac was discontinued. He
was made major-general of volunteers in May,

1865, for his conspicuous gallantry at the battle
of Spotsylvania. In April and ]\Iay, 1865, he
had command of the Second Corps. General Bar-
low resigned from the army November 16, 1865,
and returned to New York, where he entered polit-
ical life and resumed the practice of law. He was
secretary of state of New York 1865-1868, and
attorney-general for New York from 1871 to 1873,
in which capacity he conducted the prosecution
of " Boss " Tweed and other municipal officials.
He died in New Yoi-k city, January 11, 1896.

FEDERAL
MAJOR-C.EXERALS
( OISLMANDERS
OF
ARMY
CORPS

TWENTIETH
TWENTY-FIRST
TWENTY-SKCOM)
TWENTY-TIIIHI)
TWENTY-FOUUTH
AND
TWENTY-FIFTH
COUPS

A. McD. McCook Commanded the
Twentieth Corps at Chickauuiuga.

Thos. L.Crittenden Commanded the C.C. Augur Commanded the Twenty-
Twenty-first Corps in 18G3. second Corps at Port Hudson.

G. L. Hartsuff Commanded the Twenty-
third Corps in 1863.

E. O. C. Ord Commanded the Twenty-
fourth Corps in 1865.

Godfrey W'eitzel Commanded the
Twenty-fifth Corps in 1864-5.

1

SII|trb Army fliorpa

On the reorganization of the Army of the
Potomac in March, 186^2, a body of troops, chiefly
from Heintzelman's, Porter's and Hooker's divi-
sions of the earlier organization, was constituted
the Tliird Army Corps. In May, Porter's men
■were transferrctl to the new provisional Fifth
Army Corps. The future additions to the corps
were chiefly from the Eighth and Twenty-second
corps. The corps fought in the battles of the
Army of the Potomac, and two divisions were sent
to the assistance of the Army of Virginia at Sec-
ond Bull Run and Chantilly. On March 21,
186-i, it was merged in the Second Corps. Its
commanders were Brigadier-Generals S. P.
Heintzelman and George Stoneman, and Major-
Gencrals U. E. Sickles, D. B. Birney, and W. H.
French.

Major-General Samuei. Peter Heintzel-
man (U.S.M.A. 1826) was born in Manheim,
Pennsylvania, September 30, 1805, and served on
the frontier, in Florida, in the Mexican War, and
in California and Texas. At the opening of the
Civil War he was promoted to a colonelcy, and
became inspector-general of the defenses of Wash-
ington. In j\Iay, 1861, he was placed in com-
mand at Alexandria, Virginia. He headed the
Third Division at Bull Run, and in subsequent or-
ganizations of the Army of the Potomac he had
a brigade, a division, and afterward the Third
Corps, which he commanded until November,
1862. His conduct at Fair Oaks won him a brevet
of brigadier-general, for he was now major-gen-
eral of volunteers. He fought through the Pen-
insida camp;iign, and was sent to assist Pope at
Second Bull Run and Chantilly. He was in com-
mand of the defenses and later of the Depart-
ment of Washington (Twenty-second Army
Corps) from September, 1862, to October, 1863.
After this, he took no active part in the war,
but was commander of the Northern Department
from January to October, 1864, and then served
on court martials. He was mustered out of the
volunteer service August, 1865, and was retired
from the army with the rank of major-general,
February 22, 1869. He died in Washington,
May 3, 1880.

Major-General George Stoneman (U.S.M.
A. 1846) was born in Busti, New York, August 8,
1822, and was captain in command at P'ort.
Brown, Texas, when the Civil War broke out.
He refused to obey the order of General Twiggs

to surrender the property of the United States
Government to the State of Texas, and escaped
by steamer to New York. His first active service
in the Civil War was as major in the West Vir-
ginia campaign, and as brigatlier-general of vol-
unteers he had the cavalry connnand in the Army
of the Potomac. It was his troops that brought
on the action at Williamsburg in May, 1862.
After the death of Major-General Kearny, at
Chantilly, he succeeded eventually to the connnand
of his division, and later succeeded Major-General
Heintzelman in the command of the Third Army
Corps, which he led at Fredericksl)urg. He was
promoted to major-general of volunteers in com-
mand of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac,
and led a famous raid toward Richmond during
the Chancellorsville campaign. From January to
April, 1864, he was in connnand of the Twenty-
third Army Corps, and then received the cavalry
division of the same organization. After a raid"
in the Atlanta campaign, in which he was cap-
tured and held prisoner for three months, he as-
sumed connnand of the Department of the Ohio,
and later the District of East Tennessee, where
his operations were very successful, especially his
raid into North Carolina, in April, 1865. He
was retired from the regular army with the rank
of colonel, in 1871, and went to California, of
which State he was governor from 1883 to 1887.
He died in Buff^alo, New York, September 5, 1894.

]Major-Gkneral Daniel Edgar Sickles was
born in New York city, October 20, 1825. Ad-
mitted to the bar in 1846, he afterward served in
the State legislature, the diplomatic service, and
in Congress, where he M'as when the Civil War
broke out. He raised the Excelsior Brigade of
five New York regiments, which served in the
Army of the Potomac with Sickles as brigadier-
general of volunters at its head. In March, 1862,
it was incorporated in the Third Army Corps.
He led his brigade through the Peninsula cam-
paign, commanded a division at Fredericksburg
and, as major-general of volunteers, the Third
Corps at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. In the
latter battle he lost a leg on the second day. He
continued in the army after the close of the war,
and was retired with rank of major-general in
1869. He went on a secret diplomatic mission
to South America in 1867, and was minister to
Spain, 1869-1873. He was sheriff" of New York
County, in 1890, and Democratic member of Con-
gress, 1892-94, as well as president of the New

Jolm K. I'lK'Ips, of Arkansas — Marcus La Rue, of Arkansas — ■ Jcilm II. >I<mii:Ii, ol ( uloiado i'aliiil Iv ( cuiniu-, ><f ( ulilor-
("olonel of the 2d Cavalry. Promoted for (Gallantry. Engaged in New Mexico. nia — Colonel of tlie .'id Infantry.

FEDERAL GENERALS— No. 1 -ARKANSAS (first two above). COLORADO (third above).

CALIFORNIA (fourth above and .six below).

^^^^^^^^^^

James Shields, Brave Irish .Soldier, George S. Evans, Originally Colonel George W. l?owie. Originally ('olonel
A Friend of Lincoln. of the 2d Cavalry. of the 5th Infantry.

Edwanl Me(iarry, Brevetted for James W. Denver; Denver, Colo., J. H. Carleton Cdiimianded a Column

Conspicuous Gallantry. Named After Him. in March Across Arizona.

This is the first of 29 groups embracing representative general officers of 34 states and territories. On preceding pages portraits
appear of many leaders, including all the commanders of armies and army corps, and all generals killed in battle. Many others
appear in preceding volumes, as identified with particular events or special branches, such as cavalry and artillery and the signal
and medical corps. Information of every general officer can be found through the index and the roster concluding this volume.

in— 1.3]

iFourtI) Armg (Bovips (Potomac)

York St<ate Board of Civil Service Commissioners
for several years.

Major-General William Henry French
(U.S.M.A. 1837) was born in Baltimore, January
13, 1815, and served in the Seminole and Mexican
wars. In September, 1861, he was appointed
brigadier-general of volunteers and major-gen-
eral of volunteers the following year. He had a
brigade in Sumner's Division, a division in the
Second Corps, Army of the Potomac, and for a

short time a conmiand in the Eighth Corps, that
joined the Third Corps after the battle of Gettys-
burg. He was in command of the Third Corps,
from July 7, 1863, to January 28, 1864, and again
from February 17th to :March 2i, 1864. In May,
1864, he was mustered out of the volunteer sei'\'ice,
and was brevetted major-general the following
year. In the regular army he rose to the rank
of colonel in 1877, and, in 1880, was retired from
active service. He died in Baltimore, May 20,
1881.

Created March 3, 1862, chiefly from troops
in Couch's, W. F. Smith's, and Casey's divisions of
the earlier Army of the Potomac, together with
some new organizations. It was commanded by
Major-General E. D. Keyes. The corps fought
through the Peninsula campaign and remained in
that region when the rest of the Army of the
Potomac withdrew. The troops were gradually
sent to other corps of the army — to North Caro-
lina, Washington, and other places, and the corps
was discontinued on August 1, 1863.

Major-General Erasmus Darwin Keyes (U.
S.M.A. 1832) was born in Brimfield, Massachu-

setts, May 29, 1810. He did duty on the Western
frontier until the Civil War began, when he was
raised to a colonelcy and made brigadier-general
of volunteers in May, 1861. He connnanded a
brigade at Bidl Run, and eventually was put in
command of the Fourth Army Corps when it was
created. His appointment as major-general of
volunteers was dated from the battle of Williams-
burg, and he received a brevet of brigadier-gen-
eral in the regular army for his gallant and
meritorious service at Fair Oaks. He resigned
from the army in May, 1864, and went to Cali-
fornia. He died in Nice, France, October 11,
1895.

iiff0urtl| Armg Qlnrps (Olumb^rkub)

The Twentieth and Twenty-first army
corps were consolidated on September 28, 1863,
and the new organization was designated the
Fourth Army Corps — the first one of that name,
in the Army of the Potomac, having passed out of
existence. It was commanded by Major-Gcnerals
Gordon Granger, O. O. Howard, D. S. Stanley,
and Brigadier-General T. J. Wood. The corps
fought in the battle of Chattanooga, was sent to
the relief of Knoxville, and took part in the At-
lanta campaign. When Sherman turned back to-
ward Atlanta from Gaylesville, Alabama, the
Fourth Corps went into Tennessee for the cam-
paign against Hood. It fought at Franklin and
Nashville, and was discontinued April 1, 1865.

Major-General David Sloan Stanley (U.S.
M.A. 1852) was born in Cedar Valley, Ohio, June

1, 1828. He distinguished himself by his services,
at the beginning of the Civil War, in the South-
west, at Dug Springs and Wilson's Creek. As
brigadier-general of volunteers he had a division
in the Army of the Mississippi and fought at
Island No. 10, luka, and Corinth. In November,
1862, he became chief of cavalry in the Army of
the Cumberland, and soon afterward was made
major-general of volunteers. In November, 1863,
he received a division of the Fourth Corps and
became its head in July, 1864, when Major-Gen-
eral Howard took conunand of the Army of the
Tennessee. ]\Iajor-General Stanley was wounded
at Frankhn, November 30, 1864, and this ended
his active service in the war, although he again
headed the corps from February to August, 1865.
Later on, he was given a colonelcy in the regu-
lar army and fought against the Indians in the

196

CONNECTICUT
DAKOTA
DELAWARE

John B. S. Todd, of Dakota Terri-
tory, Appointed Brigadier-General
to Date from Septemlier 19, 1861.

I

3\fti} Armu (Eorpa

Northwest. He was made brigadier-general in
1884, and was retired in 1892. He died in Wash-
ington, D. C, Marcli 13, 1902.

Major-Generai. Thomas Johx Wood (U.S.
M.A. 18-i5) was born in jMunifordvillc, Ken-
tucky, September 25, 1823, and served in the
Mexican War. As brigadier-general of volun-
teers he had a brigade and then a division in the
Army of the Oliio, a division of the Left Wing
(Fourteenth Corps), Army of tlie Cumberland,
which was continued in the Twenty-first Corps

wlien the Left Wing Avas reorganized, and likewise
in the Fourth Corps until it was discontinued.
He had command of the Twenty-first and Fourth
corps for short periods, succeeding Stanley in
the latter at Franklin and leading it at Nash-
ville. He was M-ounded at Stone's River and in
the Atlanta campaign. He Avas made major-gen-
eral of volunteers in January, 1865, and was
nmstered out of the volunteer service in 1866, hav-
ing been brevettcd major-general in 1865. He
was retired in 1868, and died in Dayton, Ohio,
February 25, 1906.

Jtftli Armg (HarpB

On the organizatiox of the Army of the
Potomac into corps, Marcli 3, 1862, the Fifth
Army Corps was created and given to Major-
General N. P. Banks. But this corps was de-
tached, April 4th, from the Army of the Potomac
and assigned, with its commander, to the Depart-
ment of the Shenandoah, and was made the Second
Corps of the Army of Virginia, in June. On
May 18tli, a new Fifth Corps was created and
existed provisionally until confirmed by the War
Department. It was composed, at first, of Brig-
adier-General Porter's division of the Third
Corps, and Brigadier-General Sykes' troops of
the regular army. Other bodies of troops were
added from time to time, and the First Corps was
merged in it, when tlie Army of the Potomac was
reorganized in INIarch, 1864. It was commanded
from time to time by Brigadier-General F. J.
Porter, Major-General Joseph Hooker, Brig-
adier-General Daniel Butterfield, Major-Generals
George G. Meade, Charles Griffin, George Sykes,
and A. A. Humphreys, Brevet Major-General S.
K. Crawford, and Major-General G. K. Warren.
The corps fought in whole or in part through all
the battles of the Army of the Potomac.

IMajor-Gexerat. Fitz John Porter (U.S. M.A.
1845) was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire,
June 13, 1822, served in the Mexican War,
and afterward taught at West Point. He was
assistant adjutant-general in Albert Sidney John-
ston's Utah expedition, in 1857. When the Civil
War broke out, he was appointed brigadier-gen-
eral of volunteers and served as chief of staff to
Patterson and Banks. He was given a division
in the Army of the Potomac, and after it had been

[198

assigned to the Third Corps it was made the basis
of the Fifth Corps, of which Porter was given
command on May 18, 1862, just before Mc-
Clcllan's advance to the Cliickahominy. After
fighting tlirough the Peninsula campaign. Porter
was made major-general of volunteers, and went
with his corps to the assistance of Pope and the
Army of Virginia. At Second Bull Run, his ac-
tion on an order from Major-General Pope led
to his dismissal from the army. After long years
of struggle, in 1886 he succeeded in being restored
to the army with the rank of colonel, and shortly
afterward was retired. He was engaged in busi-
ness in New York and held several municipal
offices. He died in JMorristown, New Jersey,
May 21, 1901.

INIajor-General Daniel Butterfield M'as
born in Utica, New York, October 31, 1831, and
was graduated from Union College. Early in the
Civil War he became colonel of the Twelfth New
York V olunteers, and brigadier-general of volun-
teers, taking part in the campaigns of ]McClellan,
Burnside, Hooker, and Pope. At Fredericksburg,
he had command of the Fifth Army Corps, and af-
terward became chief-of-stafF to tlie commanding
general. He went witli Hooker to Cliattanooga in
October, 1863, and was his chief-of-stafF until
given a division in the Twentieth Army Corps,
wliich he commanded until July, 1864. At the
close of the war he was mustered out of the volun-
teer service and was brevettcd major-general in
the United States Army. He resigned from the
army in 1869, and was United States treasurer
in New York city, 1869-1870. He died at Cold
Spring, New York, July 17, 1901.
]

FEDERAL
(rENERALS
No. 3

DISTRICT OF
COLUMBIA

(upper two)

ILLINOIS

(nine below)

George W. Getty Led a Division
in the Army of the Potomac.

Tsham Nichols
Haynic, Orig-
inally Colonel
of the 48th Reg-
iment.

Thomas E. G. Ranson Commanded
the 16th Army Corps.

Samuel Si)rigg Carroll, Brevetted
for Gallantry at Spotsylvania.

Joseph Adal-
mon Maltby,
Originally Col-
onel of the 4.)th
Regiment.

John F. Farnsworth, Origimilly
Colonel of the 8th Cavalrv.

E. N. Kirk, Severely Wounded in Re-
sisting the Attack on Johnson's
Division at Stone's River.

Alexander C. Me( lurg, Chief of
Staff, 14th Army Corps.

\I)ner Clark Hardi
Promoted for Gallan-
try at Donelson.

Charles E. Ilovey, a
Gallant Division
Conmiander.

John McArthur, Consijieuous
as a Division Commander.

^ixtl| Army (HoxpB

Major-General Gouverneur Kemble War-
ren (U.S.jM.A. 1850) was born at Cold Spring,
New York, January 8, 1830. He made a spe-
cialty of topographical engineering, and was as-
sistant professor of mathematics at West Point
until the beginning of the Civil War, when he
came into active service as lieutenant-colonel of
the Fifth New York Volunteers. His promotion
was rapid, and he reached the rank of major-gen-
eral of volunteers in May, 1863. He served as
brigade and division commander in the Fifth
Army Corps, and in January, 1863, became chief
topographical engineer, and, later, chief engineer
of the Army of the Potomac. His service to the
Union cause in defending Little Round Top at
Gettysburg won liim a brevet of colonel in the
regular army. For a short time after Gettysburg
he was in conmiand of the Second Corps, and from
March, 1864, to April, 1865, of the Fifth Corps,
Army of the Potomac ; after which he served for
a short time in the Department of Mississippi.
He left the volunteer service in May, 1865, having
received the brevet of major-general in the regular
armv, in which he remained until February 13,
1866, when he resigned. His last years were spent
on surveys and harbor improvements, and he died
at Newport, Rhode Island, August 8, 1882.

Major-General George Sykes (U.S.M.A.
184*2) was born in Dover, Delaware, October 9,
1822, and served in the jNIexican and Seminole
wars. As major, he entered the Civil War, and was
commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers in

September, 1861. He led a division of the Fifth
Army Corps and was commander for several
short periods, notably at the battle of Gettysburg.
His commission of major-general of volunteers
was dated November 29, 1862. In September-
Octol)cr, 1861<, he was in command of the District
of South Kansas. After leaving the volunteer
service he was made colonel in the regular army.
M'here he remained until he died in Brownsville,
Texas, February 9, 1880.

Major-General Charles Griffin (U.S.M.A.
1847) was born in Licking County, Ohio, in 1826,
and served in the JNIexican War and on the fi'on-
tier. He was captain when the Civil War broke
out, at the head of the Fifth Artillery. His bat-
tery fought with great bravery at Bull Run. As
brigadier-general of volunteers, he had a brigade
and then a division in the Fifth Army Corps, and
took part in most of its important battles. He
was given connnand of the corps on April 1,
1865, from which dated his appointment as major-
general of volunteers. He led his corps in the
final operations against Petersburg, and at Lee's
surrender he received the arms and colors of the
Army of Northern Virginia. He was one of the
commission to carry out the terms of the surren-
der. After the close of the war, as colonel in the
regular army, he was in command of the Depart-
ment of Texas, where, during an outbreak of
yellow fever, he refused to leave his post. Con-
tracting the disease, he died in Galveston, Sep-
tember 15, 1867.

Bxxtl} Army QlnrpH

The creation of tliis corps was similar to that
of the Fifth, on May 18, 1862. Its basis was
Brigadier-General W. B. Franklin's division,
which was transferred from the Department of the
Rappahannock (McDowell's command) and Briga-
dier-General W. F. Smith's division of the Fourth
Army Corps. Franklin was the first commander,
and he was followed by JMajor-Generals W. F.
Smith, John Sedgwick, Brigadier-General J. B.
Ricketts, Major-General H. G. Wright, and Brevet
Major-General G. W. Getty. One division of the
corps was prominent at Gaines' Mill, where there
were about twenty thousand men present for duty,
and it was partially engaged at Second Bull Run,
South Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg.

In the last battle it was in the Left Grand Di-
vision. The corps carried Marye's Heights in the
Cliancellorsvillc campaign, but, excepting one bri-
gade, it was held in reserve at Gettysburg. Several
changes were made in the reorganization of March,
1864), and Avith about twenty-five thousand men at
the opening of the Wilderness campaign, it fought
Avith the Army of the Potomac as far as Peters-
burg, when it was sent to the defense of Washing-
ton. Afterward it joined the Army of the Shen-
andoah and was prominent at the Opequon,
Fisher's Hill, and Cedar Creek. In December,
1864, the corps returned to Petersburg and con-
tinued with the Army of the Potomac until it was
discontinued, June 28, 1865.

[ 200]

MirHAKL K. I/AWLER

Promoted for Gallant Service
Throughout the War.

FEDERAL GENERALS

4— ILLINOIS

Giles A. Smith
Commander of a Division in
Georgia and the Carolinas.

Major-General William Buel P'ranklin
(U.S.M.A. 184-3) was born in York, Pennsyl-
vania, February 527, 1823, and served in the Mex-
ican War. He was also an engineer, and taught at
West Point. At the opening of the Civil War, as
colonel, he had a brigade at Bull Run, and subse-
quently a division in the First Corps, Army of
the Potomac, which formed the nucleus of the
Sixth when it was ordered to IMcClellan on the
Peninsula, after having gone with McDowell to the
Department of the Rappahannock. Franklin rose
to be major-general of volunteers, his commission
being dated July 4, 1862. In Burnside's reorgani-
zation of the Army of the Potomac, he commanded
the Left Grand Division at Fredericksburg. His
conduct in this battle was unsatisfactory to Burn-
side, and Franklin was relieved from duty in the
sel•^'ice. In August, 1863, he was put in connnand
of the Nineteenth Army Corps, serving until May,
1864, and was wounded at Sabine Cross Roads on
the Red River expedition. From December, 1864,
to November, 1865, he was at the head of a board
for retiring disabled officers. On the latter date he
resigned from the volunteer service, and gave up
the regular army, in which he had been brevetted
major-general on ]\Iarch 15, 1866. He then be-
came vice-president of the Colt Firearms Company,
and was American commissioner-general to the
Paris Exposition of 1889. He died in Hartford,
Connecticut, March 8, 1903.

Major-General John Sedgwick (U.S.M.A.
1837) was born in Cornwall, Connecticut, Sep-
tember 13, 1813. He served with great distinction
in the Mexican and Seminole wars. At the out-
break of the Civil War, he was lieutenant-colonel
in the cavalry, and he rose to major-general of vol-

unteers by July, 1862. After having a brigade in
the Anny of the Potomac, he was given a division
of the Second Corps, and it met with frightful loss
at Antietam, where Sedgwick was twice wounded.
After i-ecovery he took command of the Second and
Ninth corps for short periods, and in February,
1863, he became head of the Sixth Army Corps,
with which his name is so nobly associated. His
brave attack upon the heiglits of Fredericksburg
in May, 1863, won him renown. At Gett3^sburg,
which he reached by a forced march on the second
day, the left wing of the army was under his com-
mand. He was killed by a Confederate sharpshoot-
er near Spotsylvania Court House, May 9, 1864.

Major-General Horatio Gouverneur
Wright (U.S.M.A. 1841) was born in Clinton,
Connecticut, March 6, 1820. At the beginning of
the Civil War he had the rank of captain, having
been in the Engineers Corps since his graduation.
He was chief engineer of the expedition that de-
stroyed the Norfolk Navy- Yard and occupied the
same position in the Port Royal expedition. He
was division commander in the Department of the
South, and was then placed at the head of the re-
created Department of the Ohio in August, 1862.
Later, he was division and corps commander of the
Sixth Army Corps. Being sent by Grant to de-
fend Washington, he took part in the Shenandoah
campaign and rejoined the Army of the Potomac
before Petersburg. He led the assault on April 2,
1865, which ended the siege. He was promoted to
major-general of volunteers in May, 1864. He
served on several important commissions after the
war, being made brigadier-general in 1879, and was
retired from the army in 1884. He died in Wash-
ington, July 2, 1899.

The troops in the Department of Virginia at
Fort Monroe, Norfolk, Portsmouth, and elsewhere,
were organized into the Seventh Army Corps, on
July 22, 1862, which existed until discontinued
on August 1, 1863, when the troops were merged
in the Eighteenth Army Corps. It was commanded
in turn by Major-General John A. Dix and Brig-
adier-Generals H. M. Naglee and G. W. Getty.
Its principal engagements were the aflfair at De-
serted House, Virginia, and the defense of Suffolk,
when besieged by Longstreet in 1863. Its greatest

[

strength, present for duty, was about thirty-three
thousand.

Major-General John Adams Dix was born
in Boscawen, New Hampshire, July 24, 1798. In
1812, he entered the United States army as a cadet,
and continued in military service until 1828, when
he settled in Cooperstown, New York, to practise
law. He served one term in the United States Sen-
ate, and became Secretary of the Treasury under
President Buchanan. On the outbreak of the Civil
202]

Si fStm

HoIxTt Francis (attorson, Or- Silas ( 'oIf;Tove Forwarded Lee's Thomas T. Crittenden, Origi-
iginally Colonel of the 97tli "Lost Order" Before Antie- nally Colonel of the (ith
JJeiiinient. tarn to McClellan. Infantry.

Itobert Sanford Foster,
i5revetted for
Gallantry.

Alvin P. Hovey, Gallant Divi- Thomas John Lucas, Originally George F. MeGinnis, Originally James W. McMillan, Originally
sion Commander. Colonel of the 16th Infantry. Colonel of the 11th Infantry. Colonel Isl Artillery.

John I'\ Miller, Colonel of the Charles Cruft, Conspicuous at Jeremiah C. Sullivan Fought Robert A. Cameron, Originally
i'M\ Regiment; wounded Stone's River and Chat- in the Shenandoah and Vicks- Colonel of the Sith

at Stone's River. tanooga. burg Campaigns. Regiment.

V,

W. P. Benton Couuiianded a F'. Knefler, Originally Colonel Walter Q. Gresliam, Engaged William Grose Led a Brigade
Brigade at Pea Ridge. of the 79th Regiment. in the Nashville Campaign. under Thomas.

FEDERAL GENERALS— No. 5— INDIANA

^fufntl) Armg Olorps (irpartm^nt of Arkanaaa)

War, Dix was appointed major-general of volun-
teers, and was given connnand of the Department
of Annapolis (afterward Maryland, and finally
merged in the Department of Pennsylvania, July,
1861). Then he was given a division at Baltimore,
which became part of the Army of the Potomac,
when it was organized. On March 22, 1862, Dix's
Division was organized with other troops into the
Middle Department, which he headed until June,

when lie was transferred to the Department of
Virginia, the troops of which were organized into
the Seventh Army Corps, in July. In July, 1863,
Dix was transferred to the Department of the East
with headquarters at New York, and remained
there until the end of the war. He was twice min-
ister to France (1866-69) and was governor of
New York, 1873-75. He died in New York city,
April 21, 1879.

g>0u^utl| Armg (HarpB (irpartm^ut of Arkanaas)

Another corps designated the Seventh was
created on January 6, 1864<, to consist of the
troops in the Department of Arkansas. The com-
mand was given to IMajor-General Frederick
Steele, who M as succeeded by iNIajor-General J. J.
Reynolds in December, 1864. For a year from
May, 186-i, the corps was a unit of the Military
Division of West ^Mississippi and was discontinued
August 1, 1865. The principal fighting done by
the Seventh Corps was in Steele's Arkansas Expe-
dition, especially at Jenkins' Ferry.

Major-Gkxeral Joseph Jones Reynolds (U.
S.M.A. 1843) was born in Flemingsburg, Ken-
tucky, January 4, 1822. He taught at West
Point and, after resigning, at Washington Uni-
versity, St. Louis, and finally engaged in busi-
ness in Lafayette, Indiana. He entered the Civil

War as colonel of the Tenth Indiana Volunteers,
and reached the rank of major-general of volun-
teers in November, 1862. After active service in
Western Virginia, he liad a division in the Army
of the Cumberland, and was chicf-of-staff to Rose-
crans in October, 1863. In December, he was put
in command of the defenses of New Orleans, and
on July 7, 1864, he took command of that portion
of the Nineteenth Army Corps which remained in
Louisiana, going from there to the head of the Gulf
Reserve Corps. On December 22, 1864, he took
command of the Seventh Army Corps (Arkansas)
until it was discontinued, August 1, 1865. jNIus-
tered out of the volunteer service, he returned to
the regular army as colonel in the cavalry and
received the brevet of major-general. He was re-
tired June 25, 1877, and died in Washington, Feb-
ruary 25, 1899.

i£tgl|tl| Armij flIorpB

The troops in the Middle Department were or-
ganized into the Flighth Army Corps on July 22,
1862. The forces were stationed at various points
in Maryland. Its first connnandcr was Major-
General John E. Wool, and he was succeeded by
Major-Generals R. C. Schenck, Brevet Brigadier-
General W. W. INIorris, Brigadier-Generals pj. B.
Tyler, H. H. Lock wood, and Major-General
Lewis Wallace. The Eighth Corps saw little active
fighting except in West Virginia. Wallace was in
command at the IMonocacy (July 9, 1864), and the
First Separate Brigade vmdcr Brigadier-General
E. B. Tyler took part, but that battle was fought
chiefly by a division of the Sixth Corps. The
Eighth Corps was discontinued, Augvist 1, 1865.

Major-General John Ellis Wool was born
in Newburg, New York, February 20, 1787. He
became a lawyer, but raised an infantry company
at Troy and entered the War of 1812. He re-
mained in the army, and in 1841 was raised to
the rank of brigadier-general. He selected the
American position at Buena Vista in the Mexi-
can War, and for his skill and courage received a
vote of thanks and a sword from Congress. He
was in command of the Department of the East
when the Civil War broke out, and was trans-
ferred, in August, 1861, to the Department of
Virginia, where he succeeded in saving Fort Mon-
roe to the Federal Government. In jNIay, 1862,
his troops occupied Norfolk and Portsmouth

[ '204 ]

E. W. Rice
Colonel of the 19th Regiment.

James 1. Gilueht
Colonel of the 27th Infantry.

2Jtntl| Army (Havps

after the Confederate evacuation, and at this
time he was made major-general. He was given
command of the Middle Department in June,
and headed the Eighth Army Corps when it was
organized in July. In January, 1863, he went
back to the Department of the East, which had
been recreated, and remained there until July
18th. He was retired from the army on August 1,
1865, and died in Troy, New York, November 10,
1869.

INIajor-General Robert Ct'mming Schenck
was born in Franklin, Ohio, October 4, 1809. He
became a lawyer, and was minister to Brazil,
1851-58. When the Civil War broke out he was
made brigadier-general of volunteers, and com-
manded a brigade at the battle of Bull Run. His
force was transferred to the Department of West-
ern Virginia, and he aided in saving that valuable
region to the Union. In the new Mountain De-
partment, Schenck had an independent brigade,
and he commanded the Federal right at the battle
of Cross Keys. He was given a division of the
First Corps, Army of Virginia, when the Moun-
tain troops were merged in that army. He was
severely wounded at Second Bull Run, where his
gallantry won him promotion to major-general of
volunteers. After recovery, he was given the
Eighth Army Corps (troops of the Middle De-
partment), December 22, 1862. He resigned from

the army December 3, 1863, having been elected
member of Congress, where he served until 1870.
In 1871, he was a member of the commission which
drew up the treaty of Washington, and from
1871 to 1876 was United States minister to Great
Britain. He died in Washington, March 23,
1890.

Major-General Lewis Wallace was born in
Brookville, Indiana, April 10, 1827. He became
a lawyer and served in the ]\Iexican War. At the
commencement of the Civil War he headed the
Eleventh Indiana Infantry, and was made brig-
adier-general of volunteers in September, 1861.
At Fort Donelson and Shiloh he was in command
of a division, and after the former battle he was
promoted to major-general of volunteers. In
1863, he superintended the construction of the
defenses of Cincinnati. In March, 1864, he took
command of the Eighth Army Corps and was de-
feated by Lleutenant-General Early at the IMo-
nocacy. He resigned from the army in November,
1865. After the war he was appointed Governor
of New Mexico, and from 1881 to 1885 was
United States minister to Turkey. Major-Gen-
eral Wallace was the author of " Ben-Hur," the
" Prince of India," and other well-known books,
in addition to enjoying great popularity as a
lecturer. He died at Crawfordsville Indiana, Feb-
ruary 15, 1905.

Kxixtl] Armg (Hoxps

The troops that Major-General Burnside took
with him to Noi-th Carolina in December, 1861,
which were then known as Burnside's Expedition-
ary Corps and which made a record for them-
selves at Roanoke Island, New Berne, and else-
where, were merged in the Department of North
Carolina in April, 1862. They and some others
from the Department of the South were trans-
ferred to the Army of the Potomac in July, and
on the 32(1, the Ninth Army Corps came into ex-
istence. At first, it contained less than five thou-
sand men. Its commanders were Major-Generals
Burnside, J. L. Reno, Brigadier-General J. D.
Cox, Major-Generals John Sedgwick, W. F.
Smith, J. G. Parke, Brigadier-General R. B. Pot-
ter, and Brevet Major-General O. B. Willcox. Two
divisions went to the assistance of Pope, and fought
at Second Bull Run and Chantilly. Afterward,

the corps distinguished itself at South INIountain,
Antietam, and Fredericksburg. After the latter
battle, Burnside was transferred to the Depart-
ment of the Ohio (March, 1863) and two divisions
of the corps (one having gone to the Seventh)
went West with him. The corps took part in the
siege of Vicksburg, and was itself besieged in
Knoxville, where it suffered great hardships. Early
in 1864, the corps was ordered East for reorgani-
zation, with Burnside at the head. At the end of
May, it became part of the Army of the Potomac,
having acted as a separate connnand through the
earlier battles of Grant's campaign. It was very
prominent in the siege of Petersburg, and the fa-
mous mine was constructed and exploded in front
of its lines. The flags of the Ninth Corps were
the first that were shown on the public buildings
of Petersburg. In June, 1865, the corps was

2061

FEDERAL

Speed S. Frv Stephen G. Burbiudge John T. Croxihn I'uhli.i, ( i.ai ion

Noted for his Encounter at Cavalry Leader in the Morgan Led a Brigade in Tennessee and Of Kansas — Later Governor of

Mill Springs. Campaigns. Georgia. Arkansas.

Edward H. Hobsox Walter C. Whittaker Theoi'Hilus T. Garrarb U. .J. Keilv

Noted for the Pursuit of Morgan's Commander _ of a Brigade at Defender of Kentucky and East Of Louisiana — Colonel of the
Raiders. Chickamauga. Tennessee. Second Cavalry.

Ja.mes M. Schackleford William Nelson Jeremiah T. Boyle N. B. Buford

Prominent in the Pursuit of Mor- Commanded a Division in Buell's Defender of Kentucky and Leader of Cavalry in Kentucky

gan's Raiders. Army at Shiloh. Tennessee. and Tennessee.

Ntntlj Armg (totpa

transferred to the Department of Wasliington and
"was discontinued on August 1st. This organiza-
tion is often referred to as the " wandei'ing corps,"
for it fought in seven States.

Major-General Jesse Lee Reno (I^.S.^M.A.
184)6) was born in Wheehng, West Virginia, June
20, 1823, and served in the Mexican War, where
he was severely wounded at Chapultepec. He was
a captain when the Civil War broke out, but was
commissioned brigadier-general of volunteers and
commanded a brigade in Burnside's Expeditionary
Corps, a division in the Department of North Car-
olina, and the same in the Ninth Army Corps, when
it was created. He fought at Roanoke Island,
New Berne, Camden, Manassas, and Chantilly and
was placed in command of the Ninth Corps, Sep-
tember 3, 1862. He was killed at South Mountain
on the 14th. His commission of major-general of
volunteers was dated Jul^' 18, 1862.

Major-General John Grubb Parke (U.S.
M.A. 1849) was born in Chester County, Pennsyl-
vania, September 22, 1827, and entered tlie Corps
of Topograpliical Engineers. He was first lieu-
tenant when tlie Civil War broke out, and his com-
mission of brigadier-general of volunteers was
dated November 23, 1861. He commanded a bri-
gade in Burnside's expedition to North Carolina,
and later had a division in the Ninth Corps. As
major-general of volunteers he was Burnside's
chief-of-stafF at Antietam and Fredericksburg. He
went with the corps to the W^est as its commander,
fought through the Vicksburg campaign, and was
at the siege of Knoxville. He also commanded the
corps after August, 1864, in the operations around
Petersburg. He was in connnand of the Twenty-
second Army Corps and at Alexandria, in 1865.
After the war he rose to the rank of colonel in
the regular army, with the brevet of major-gen-
eral. He was engaged in engineering, and as su-
perintendent of West Point until he was retired in
July, 1889. He died in Washington, December
16, 1900.

Brevet Major-General Orlando Bolivar
WiLLCox (U.S. M.A. 1847) was born in Detroit,
INIichigan, April 16, 1823. He served in Texas,
in Florida, and in the Mexican War, resigning his
commission of first lieutenant in 1857 and taking
up the practice of law. He hastened to the front
at the outbreak of the war, as colonel of the First

Michigan Infantry, and was present at the occupa-
tion of Alexandria (May 24, 1861). He com-
manded a brigade at the battle of Bull Run, where
he was severely wounded and captured. For his
services here he was made brigadier-general of vol-
unteers. He was exchanged (February, 1862),
and later liad a division of the Ninth Army Corps,
and headed the corps itself at the battle of Fred-
ericksburg. For a short time he was stationed in
Indiana and INIichigan, and had charge of the dis-
trict of East Tennessee. He served again with the
Nintli Corps in tlie Knoxville campaign and was
at its head for a short period. As division com-
mander he fought through tlie Wilderness cam-
paign and in the last operations of the Arm}' of
the Potomac until July, 1865, except for short pe-
riods when he was at the head of the corps. He
received the surrender of Petersburg. In August,
1864, he was brevettcd major-general of volun-
teers. After being mustered out of the volunteer
service, he became a colonel in tlie regular army
and brigadier-general in 1886. The following year
he was retired, and he died at Coburg, Ontario,
May 10, 1907.

Major-General Jacob Dolson Cox was born
in Montreal, Canada, October 27, 1828. He be-
came a lawyer and a member of the Ohio State Sen-
ate. He entered tlie Civil War as brigadier-gen-
eral in the Ohio militia, and was made brigadier-
general of volunteers in May, 1861. After distin-
guished service in western Virginia and under Pope,
he succeeded to the command of the Ninth Army
Corps upon the death of Major-General Reno,
at South Mountain. He was in command of forces
in W^est Virginia and of the ^lilitary District of
Oliio in 1862-63. On INIarch 4, 1863," his appoint-
ment of major-general of volunteers, which dated
from October 6, 1862, expired, and it was re-
newed December 7, 1864. He received a division
of the Twenty-third Army Corps in April, 1864,
and dm-ing the Atlanta and Tennessee campaigns
was several times in command of the corps itself.
After the battle of Nashville, the corps was moved
to North Carolina, where iNIajor-Gcneral Cox
served in various capacities, and finally as head of
the corps from April to June, 1865. In 1866, he
resigned from the volunteer service. From 1866
to 1868, he was governor of Ohio, and President
Grant's Secretary of the Interior in 1869. He
was prominent in politics, finance, and the law
until his death, which occurred at Magnolia, Mas-
sachusetts, August 4, 1900.

[ 2()K ]

Jonatliaii p. Cilloy, (iallaiit Srldon Connor, Colonel Joshua L. Cliaiiilicrlain, Ac- L. (i. Estcs, Promoted at

Cavalry Leader. of the l!)lh Regiment. tive at Round Tof). the Close of the War.

Cyrus Hamlin, Colonel of the James D. Feisenden, Hrevet- Francis F'essendeu, Ai ti\ c in George L. Real, ]5re\-etled for
80th U. S. Colored Infantry. ted for Meritorious Service. the Red River Campaign. Conspicuous Gallantry.

Neal Dow, Captured and Exchanged for a
Son of Gen. R. E. Lec.

Enxtl} Armij OInrpa

Created September 3, 1863, to consist of
the troops in the Department of tlie South. Its
commanders were BrigafHer-Gciieral John M.
Brannan, and Major-Generals O. M. INIitclicl,
David Hunter, and Q. A. Gilhnore. It took part
in the various operations around Charleston Har-
bor, and in February, IHCJ?, one cHvision went to
Florida, where it suffered severely in the battle of
Olustee. In April, 1864, the corps entered the
Army of the James, in which its commanders were
Brigadier-General A. H. Terr}', ^lajor-Goneral Q.
A. Gillmorc, Brigadier-General W. H. T. Brooks,
Major-Gcneral D. B. Birney, and Brigadier-Gen-
eral Adelbert Ames. It fought around Drewry's
Bluff, and two divisions went to Cold Harbor,
forming a third division of the Eighteenth Corps.
After this, the corps fought at Deep Bottom,
Darbytown Road, and Fair Oaks. It was discon-
tinued December 3, 186-1 and merged in the new
Twentj'-fourth Corps. One division and a brigade
of the Twenty-fourth, under Major-General Terry,
went to Fort Fisher, and, after its capture, the
Tenth Corps was reorganized INIarch 27, 1865,
in the Department of North Carolina, from Terry's
troops. Besides JNIajor-Gcneral Terry, Brevet Ma-
jor-General Adelbert Ames had command from
]\Iay 13 to August 1, 1865, when the corps was
discontinued.

Major-Genekal Ormsby McKnight Mitchel
(U.S.M.A. 1829) was born in Union County, Ken-
tucky, August 28, 1810, and served as assistant
professor of mathematics at West Point until 1831,
later becoming professor of mathematics, philoso-
phy, and astronomy at Cincinnati College. For a
time he practised law. He was director of the Dud-
ley Observatory at Albany, New York, when the
Civil War broke out, and entered the army, receiv-
ing a commission of brigadier-general of volun-
teers. From September to November, 1861, he
was at the head of the Department of the Ohio,
and had a division in the Army of the Ohio,
December, 1861, to July, 1862, during which he
made a brilliant expedition into Alabama, and
won promotion to major-general of volunteers. In
September, he was placed at the head of the Tenth
Army Corps and died at Hilton Head, South
Carolina, of yellow fever, October 27, 1862. He
made several important astronomical discoveries.

War. He had reached the rank of captain when
the Civil War broke out, and was promoted to
brigadier-general of volunteers in September, 1861.
He was commander of the Department of Key
West from February, 1862, until it was merged, the
following month, in tlie Department of the South,
of which he was twice in command, as well as tem-
porarily at the head of the Tenth Army Corps
between September, 1862, and January, 1863.
During this period he led the St. John's River ex-
pedition and took part in the battle of Pocotaligo.
After this, he commanded divisions in the Twenty-
first and Fourteenth corps. He reorganized the
artillery in the Army of the Cumberland, and
placed the artillery for the defense of Atlanta. He
was mustered out of the volunteer service, having
been brevettcd major-general of volunteers, in May,
1866, and continued in the regular army as lieu-
tenant-colonel and colonel, but with the brevet of
major-general, serving at various posts until he
was retired in April, 1882. He died in New York
city, December 16, 1892.

Major-Gexeral Qt'incy Adams Gillmore
(U.S.M.A. 1849) was born at Black River, Ohio,
February 28, 1825. He entered tl;e Engineer
Corps, and served as assistant instructor in engi-
neering at West Point. Before the Civil War
broke out he had done much work on fortifications
and other engineering projects connected with the
army. As captain and chief engineer, he accom-
panied Burnside to North Carolina, and later
planned the details of the successful attack on
Fort Pulaski, Avhich feat won him the rank of
brigadier-general of volunteers. After this, he held
a command in West Virginia and also served in the
Department of the Ohio. In June, 1863, he took
command of the Tenth Army Corps and held it
for a year, participating in the operations around
Charleston Harbor, Bermuda Hundred, and the
battle of Drewry's Bluff. His commission of
major-general of volunteers was dated July 10,

1863. He went to the defense of Washington
against Early with the Nineteenth Corps in July,

1864. Resigning from the volunteer service after
the war, he rose to rank of colonel in the regular
army and was connected with many great engineer-
ing projects until his death, which occurred at
Brooklyn, New York, April 7, 1888.

Brevet Major-Generae John Miltox Bran- IMajor-Gexerae Alfred Howe Terry was
nan (U.S.M.A. 1841) was born in the District of born in Hartford, Connecticut, November 10,
Columbia in 1819, and served in the ]Mexican 1827. He was colonel of the Second Connecticut

[210]

Charles H. Smith, Conspicuous as a George F. Shepley, Originally Colonel Elias Spear, Colonel of the 20th

Cavalry Leader. of the 20th Regiment. Regiment.

•James M. Deems, Brevetted for John R. Kenly, Originally Colonel of James Cooper, In Command of Mary-

Gallantry, the 1st Regiment. land Volunteers in 1801.

[d— U]

Volunteers at Bull Run. He returned home to
raise the Seventh Connecticut Volunteers, and with
this regiment served under Brigadier-General T.
W. Sherman at the capture of Port Royal and
under IMajor-General Hunter at Fort Pulaski,
which he then commanded. Being raised to briga-
dier-general of volunteers in April, 1862, he com-
manded several districts in the Department of the
South (Tenth Army Corps), and took command
of this corps when it was transferred to the Army
of the James, in April, ISGi. As brevet major-
general of volunteers he headed the Twenty-fourth
Army Corps which was organized out of the Tenth,
December, 1864*, to January, 1865. On the latter
date, he was put in command of the provisional
corps organized for the captui'e of Fort Fisher and
Wilmington. After these events had taken place,
his corps became the reorganized Tenth Corps, and
Major-General Terry was in command until JMay
13, 1865, when he took charge of Richmond. After
leaving the volunteer service, he rose to the rank
of major-general in the regular army (1886) and
was retired in April, 1888. He died in New Haven,
Connecticut, December 16, 1890. For the cap-
ture of Fort Fisher he was tendered the thanks of
Congress.

iNlAJGR-GENERAL WiLI.IAM ThOMAS HaRBATGH

Brooks (U.S.M.A. 184il) was born in New Lis-
bon, Ohio, January 28, 1821, and served in the
Seminole and ^Mexican wars, and in Texas and New
Mexico. He had reached the rank of captain when
the Civil War broke out, and was made brigadier-
general of volunteers in September, 1861. He com-
manded a brigade in the Sixth Army Corps until

October, 1862, and a division until after the Chan-
cellorsville campaign, when, as major-general of vol-
unteers, lie was at the liead of the Department of
the Monongahela until Grant's operations against
Lee and Richmond began. His connnission of ma-
jor-general of volunteers having expired, Brigadier-
General Brooks was then in connnand of a division
of the Eighteenth Army Corps, and on June 21,
1864<, was put at the head of the Tenth Corps. He
resigned from the volunteer service the following
month, and died in Huntsville, Alabama, July 19,
1870.

Major-General David Beli. Birney was bom
in Huntsville, Alabama, May 29, 1825. He prac-
tised law in Philadelphia until 1861, when he
entered the Federal army as lieutenant-col-
onel of a Pennsylvania regiment and reached
the rank of brigadier-general of volunteers, in
February, 1862. He had a brigade in the Third
Army Corps through the Peninsula campaign
and was with Pope at Second Bull Run and
Chantilly, taking the division temporarily after
Brigadier-General Kearny was killed. As major-
general of volunteers, he had a division at Fred-
ericksburg and Chancellorsville and commanded
the Third Corps at Gettysburg after Major-
General Sickles was wounded, holding it from
time to time until February, 186-i. In the new
organization of the Army of the Potomac (March,
186i), he had a division in the Second Corps until
July, when he was given connnand of the Tentli
Corps, Amiy of the James. While in this position
he contracted a fever, and died in Philadelphia, Oc-
tober 18, 1864.

IEbu^utI][ Armg (Harps

Whex the Army of Virginia was discontinued,
September 12, 1862, its First Corps, which had
been the troops of the Mountain Department
under Rosecrans and Fremont, and had been led
by Sigel in the Pope campaign, Avas merged in the
Army of the Potomac as the Eleventh Corps. It
remained on the line of Manassas during the Antic-
tam campaign, did not reach Fredericksburg in
time for the battle, and at Chancellorsville was
badly routed by "Stonewall" Jackson, because its
commander allowed himself to be surprised. In
this battle about twelve thousand troops were pres-
ent. It was one of the two cor})s heavily engaged

[21

on the first day at Gettysburg. After that battle,
one division was sent to Charleston Harbor, and
the other two went with Hooker to Tennessee to as-
sist Grant in the Chattanooga campaign. These
two divisions then went with Sherman to the relief
of Knoxville, and shared all the great hardships
of the march. In April, 186-i, these troops were
merged in the new Twentieth Army Corps, for the
Atlanta campaign. The leaders of the Eleventh
Corps were IMajor-General Franz Sigel, Brigadier-
General J. H. Stahel, Major-General Carl Schurz,
Brigadier-General A. von Steinwchr, and Major-
General O. O. Howard.

Major-General Franz Sigel was born in Sin-
slieim, Baden, November 18, 182-i, and was grad-
uated from the MiHtary School at Carlsrulic, be-
coming a champion of German unity and minister
of war to the revolutionary Government of 1848,
which was overthrown by Prussia. Later, having
withdrawn to Switzerland, the Government expelled
him, and he emigrated to America in 1852. He
taught in a military institute in St. Louis and
edited a military periodical. When the Civil War
broke out, he organized the Third INIissouri Infan-
try and an artillery battery, and after assisting
Captain Lyon in the capture of Camp Jackson, he
served in Missouri, at Carthage and at Springfield.
As brigadier-general of volunteers, he was cons])ic-
uous for his bravery at Pea Ridge, and as major-
general of volunteers was placed in command of
Harper's Ferry in June, 1862. Then he served in
the Army of Virginia, in command of its First
Corps, out of which the Eleventh Corps, Army of
the Potomac, was created. He relinquished the
latter in January, 1863. On March 10, 1864, he
succeeded Brigadier-General B. F. Kellcy in the
command of the Department of West Virginia, but
after the defeat at New Market, May 15th, he was
relieved by Major-General Hunter and given the
division at Harper's Ferry, where he successfully
held out against Lieutenant-General Early. In
July, 1864, he was relieved from his command, and
he resigned from the army in INIay, 1865. After
the war, he edited a German paper in Baltimore,
and later was register and United States pension-
agent in New York city. He was well known as a
lecturer and editor of the "New York IMonthly," a

German periodical. He died in New York city,
August 21, 1902.

INIajor-General Carl Schurz was born in
Cologne, Prussia, 'jMarch 2, 1829, studying there
in the gynmasium and later at the University of
Bonn. He was engaged in the revolutionary move-
ment in 1848, and was compelled to seek refuge in
Switzerland. In 1852, he came to the United
States and settled in Philadcl])hia, later going to
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he began the prac-
tice of law. Lincoln appointed him United States
minister to Spain, but he resigned to take part in
the Civil War. As brigadier-general of volunteers,
he commanded a division of the First Corps, Army
of V irginia, at Second Bull Run, and at Chanccl-
lorsville a division of the Eleventh Corps. At
Gettysburg he had connnand, as major-general of
volunteers, of the Eleventh Corps, temporarily, and
again in January and February, 1864. At Chat-
tanooga, he took an active part. In March, 1864,
he was put in charge of a corps of instruction near
Nashville, and at the close of the war was chicf-of-
staff to Major-General Slocum in the Army of
Georgia. He resigned from the volunteer service
in ]\Iay, 1865, and became a newspaper corres-
pondent in Washington, and, in 1866, founded
the Detroit Post. He was senator from Missouri
(1869-1875), and Secretary of the Interior from
1877 to 1881, and editor of the New York Even-
ing Post from 1881 to 1884. He was an enthusi-
astic advocate of civil-service reform and other
political movements. He was a writer and speaker
of note, and died in New York city. May 14, 1906.

Stui^Iftl^ Armg (Harps

Created September 12, 1862, from the Second
Corps, Army of Virginia, the troops of which, under
Major-General N. P. Banks, had been in the De-
partment of the Shenandoah, and in earlier organ-
izations of the Army of the Potomac. It was the
smallest corps in the army, and in the early days
contained about twelve thousand men. The com-
mand was given to Major-General J. F. K. Mans-
field, who was killed at Antietam, the first battle
of the new corps. Its next battle was that of
Chancellorsville where, with the Third, it bore the
real brunt of the fight. After Gettysburg, in
which we remember the Twelfth by its gallant de-

fense of Culps' Hill, it went with Hooker to Ten-
nessee where one division opened the line of sup-
plies to the starving Army of the Cumberland and
fought "the battle in the clouds" on Lookout
iNIountain. In April, 1864, the Twelfth Corps was
merged in the newly formed Twentieth, for the At-
lanta campaign. After jNIansficld's death, the com-
mand of the Twelfth Corps was held by Major-
General H. W. Slocum except for very brief pe-
riods, when it was headed by Brigadier-General A.
S. Williams, the senior division commander. In its
short career, the corps is said to have never lost a
gun or a color.
-214]

Clii.'l i:ii..'i'»'<T .>f tlie i;ith
Aruiy Corps.

MASSACHUSETTS
(above)

Chahles Dkvens
Colonel of the 15th RociiiiPiit.
Later Commanded Dh ision.

George L. Andrews
Engagfd in the Siege and Capture
of Port Huds m.

KllW Mill \\ . lIlNKS

Originally Colciiel of the 8th
Infantry.

MICHIGAN

(below)

Charles C. Doomtti.e
Oriirinally Colonel of the ISth Infantry;
Promoted for Merit.

Ryron T?. Pierce
Originallv Colonel of the
3(1 Infantrj'.

Henry A. Morrow
' 'Here to fachf , not to surren-
der"— Gettysburg, July 1.

Ralph Ki.y
Leader of the Brigade which
was first in Petersburg.

Major-General Joseph King Fenno Mans-
field (U.S.M.A. 1822) was born in New Haven,
Connecticut, December 22, 1803, and served in
the Mexican War and in the Engineer Corps.
From May, 1861, to March, 1862, he had charge
of the Department of Washington, and as brig-
adier-general of volunteers commanded the Dis-
trict of Suffolk of the Seventh Army Corps, and
captured the town of Norfolk in May. As major-
general of volunteers, he was put at the head of
the newly formed Twelfth Army Corps on Sep-
tember 12, 1862, and was mortally wounded at
Antietam, on the 17th.

Brevet Major-General Alpheus Starkey
Williams was born in Saybrook, Connecticut,
September .10, 1810, was graduated from Yale
College, and held various political positions in De-
troit where he also practised law. As colonel of a
Michigan regiment, when the Civil War broke out,
he was made brigadier-general of volunteers and

headed a brigade in the Department of Pennsyl-
vania. Passing through the various organizations
of the Army of the Potomac, he was given a divi-
sion in the Fifth Corps, which became the Second
Corps, Army of Virginia, and the Twelfth Corps,
Army of the Potomac, and finally was merged in
the Twentieth Corps, Army of the Cumberland.
Williams was the only general to lead the same
division through the whole of the war, although at
various times he temporarily headed the corps in
which he was placed. He was corps commander at
Antietam, after Mansfield fell ; at Gettysburg, and
also on the march to the sea and in the campaign
through the Carol inas. His brevet of major-gen-
eral of volunteers for marked ability and energv.
Avas dated January 12, 1865, and a year later he
was mustered out of the service. After the war,
he was United States minister to San Salvador
(1866-69), and member of Congress from 187-1'
until his death, which occurred in Washington,
December 21, 1878.

On October 24, 1862, the troops in the newly
created Department of the Tennessee, under
Major-General Grant, were designated the Thir-
teenth Army Corps, and Major-General W. T.
Sherman was put in command. The troops were
scattered in many districts. Sherman organized
four of the divisions into the Yazoo Expedition,
and started on the campaign that ended in failure
at Chickasaw Bluffs, December 29, 1862. On
December 18th, the corps was subdivided, and the
Army of the Tennessee now consisted of the Thir-
teenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth
corps. Brigadier-General Morgan succeeded Sher-
man, who commanded the whole department, at the
head of the new Thirteenth Army Corps. The
corps went with Major-General McClemand (Jan-
uary 4-12, 1863) on the expedition to Arkansas
Post, the expedition being known as McClemard's
Army of the Mississippi, in which the Thirteenth
Corps became the First Corps for that period.
Following Morgan, the commanders of the Thir-
teenth Corps were Major-Generals J. A. McCler-
nand, E. O. C. Ord (who succeeded when McCler-
nand was relieved at Vicksburg), and C. C. Wash-
burn. One division fought the battle of Helena
(July 4, 1863), and the battle of Port Gibson
(May 1, 1863) was fought almost entirely by it.

[

After Vicksburg, the corps invested Jackson, and
on August 7th it was transferred to the Army of
the Gulf, where its chief active service (two divi-
sions) took place in the Red River campaign of
1864. New commanders of the corps while in the
Army of the Gulf were Major-General N. J. T.
Dana, and Brigadier-Generals T. E. G. Ransom,
R. A. Cameron, M. K. Lawler, and W. P. Benton.
On June 11, 1864, the troops of the corps were
transferred to other commands, but they were
largely brought together again for the Resen'e
Corps, Army of the Gulf, in December, 1864, out
of which on February 18, 1865, a new Tliirteenth
Army Corps was created, which, under command of
General Gordon Granger, took pa,rt in the capture
of Mobile, in April, 1865. The corps was discon-
tinued at Galveston, Texas, July 20, 1865.

Brigadier - General George Washington
Morgan was born in Washington County, Penn-
sylvania, September 20, 1820. He did not grad-
uate from West Point, which he entered in 1841,
but took up the practice of law in Mount Venion.
Ohio. But he went to the Mexican War and
was brevetted brigadier-general. Entering the dip-
lomatic service, he was consul at Marseilles and
minister to Portugal. When the Civil War broke
216]

JosKPH Conrad
Noted Brigade Commander.

I'.GBERT B. BuowN JoHN D. Stevenson Isaac F. Shephaut)
Originally of tho 7th (Originally Colonel of the Orig-inally Colonel of the
Regiment. 7th Rejiinient. 3d Regiment.

( ; MiKii.i, I;. Paul
GullanI Figure at Gettysburg.

John McNeil
Originally Colonel of the 3d
Infantry.

John Elisha Phei.ps C linto.n B. Fisk Lewis B. Parsons

Originally Colonel of the Originally Colonel of Promoted at the Close
2d Kansas Cavalry. the 33d Regiment. of the War.

FEDERAL GENERALS— No. 12

MISSOURI (above)
MICHIGx\N (middle one below)
MINNESOTA (four kemaining below)

Alexander Asboth
Promoted at the End of
the War.

Napoleon T. ,I. Dana
Commander of a Brigade
in the Peninsula.

C. C. Andrews
Organizer and Division
Commander.

William Sanborn
Promoted for Conspicuous
Gallantry.

Stephen Miller
Colonel of the 7th Regiment;
Governor in 1S68.

Willis A. Gorman
First Commander of
the 1st Minnesota.

out he returned, and was made brigadier-gen-
eral of volunteers in November, 1H61. He served
first under Buell and then as division connnandcr
in the Department of tlie Tennessee (Thirteenth
Army Corps). He commanded a division in the
Yazoo Expedition, and was tlic first commander of
tlie reorganized Tliirteentli Corps which he led at
the capture of Arkansas Post (January, 1863).
Ill-health compelled him to resign from the service
in June, 1863. In 1868 and 1870, lie was a mem-
ber of Congress. He died at Old Point Comfort,
A'irginia, July '26, 1893.

IMajok-Gexerai. John Alexander INIcCler-
NAND was born in Breckinridge County, Ken-
tucky, May 30, 1812. He became a lawyer and
served in the Black Hawk War as private. He
was a member of Congress when the Civil War
broke out and resigned to enter it, being made
brigadier-general of volunteers in May, 1861. He
first distinguished himself at Belmont, November
7, 1861. After Fort Donelson, he was made major-
general of volunteers in the Army of West Tennes-
see, and connnanded a division at Shiloh. On Jan-
uary 4, 1863, he replaced Sherman in command
of the Yazoo Expedition which, under the name of
IMcClernand's Army of the Mississippi, together
with the Mississippi Squadron, captured Arkansas
Post, January 11th. Grant removed McClemand
from the connnand, and he was placed at the head
of the Thirteenth Army Corps, of which he Avas in
turn relieved on June 19th, during the siege of
Vicksburg. He connnanded this corps again for a
short time in 1861<, while it was serving in the Army
of the Gulf. He resigned his commission on No-
vember 30, 1864, and resumed the practice of law.
He died at Springfield, Illinois, September 20,
1900.

Major-General Cadwallader Colden Wash-
burn was born in Livermore, Maine, April 22,
1818. He settled in Wisconsin as a lawyer and
financier. At the outbreak of the war he raised
the Second Wisconsin Cavalry, and as its colonel
was successful under Major-General Curtis in Ar-
kansas. He rose to the rank of major-general of
volunteers in November, 1862, and later headed di-
visions in the Army of the Tennessee. He was the
first commander of the reorganized Thirteenth
Army Corps, and went with it from the Army of
the Tennessee to that of the Gulf. After that, he
was at the head of the District of West Tennessee,
and resigned from the volunteer service in May,
1865. Later on, he was member of Congress and
governor of Wisconsin. He died at Eureka
Springs, Arkansas, May l-l, 1882.

Brevet Major-Generae Thomas Edward
Greenfield Ransom was born in Norwich, Ver-
mont, November 29, 1831<. He became a captain
in an Illinois regiment in April, 1861, and was
made brigadier-general of volunteers in Novem-
ber, 1862. He fought at Fort Donelson and
Shiloh, and was for a time on Grant's staff. He
commanded a brigade in the Seventeenth Army
Corps during the Vicksburg campaign, and a de-
tachment of the Thirteenth Army Corps on the
Red River expedition, in 1861<. He was wounded
at Sabine Cross Roads. In tlie Atlanta campaign,
he commanded a division of the Sixteenth Army
Corps and headed that and the Seventeenth for
short periods. On October lOtli, he was obliged
to give up the Seventeentli Corps on account of
illness, and he died, October 29th, near Rome,
Georgia. The brevet of major-general of volun-
teers had been conferred on him in September, a
few weeks before his death.

3mxtm\tl}

The organization of the Army of the Ohio
into three corps, in September, 1862, was changed
on October 24th, when this force became the Army
of the Cumberland, and consisted of the Four-
teenth Army Corps, with Major-General Rosecrans
at its head. In November, the Fourteenth Corps
was divided into the Right Wing, Center, and Left
Wing, and on January 9, 1863, the Center was
designated the Fourteenth Army Corps, with
Major-General George H. Thomas in command.

[

Armij QIorpB

The corps fought at Stone's River and won its
greatest fame at Chickamauga. It also distin-
guished itself at jNIissionary Ridge. It was prom-
inent in the Atlanta campaign, and was one of the
two corps of the Army of Georgia in the march to
the sea and the campaign through the Carolinas.
It was discontinued August 1, 1865. Besides
Thomas, it was commanded by Major-Generals
John M. Palmer, Jeff. C. Davis, and Brigadier-
General R. W. Johnson.
1

Gilnuiii Miirstoii, ( Olo- Simon (1. (iiifiiii, Joah X. Patterson, Jo.sc|)li II. Potter, .lolni L. Thompson,

nel of tlie KItli Leader at the Colonel of tlie 'id Promoted for Colonel of the 1st

Regiment. Crater Battle. Regiment. (lallantry. Cavalry.

FEDERAL GENERALS— No. 13— NEW HAMPSHIRE (above) NEW JERSEY (below)

Joseph W. Revere, Originally Gersliom Mott, Active as a Ranald S. Maekenzie, Dash- Horatio P. VanCleve, Divi-
Colonel of the 7th Regi- Division Commander in the ing Cavalry Leader in the siou Leader at Stone's
ment. Promoted in 1862. Wilderness Campaign. Army of the Potomac. River and Chiekamauga.

Geo. W. Mindil, Originally Lewis C. Arnold, Active William Birney, Brevetted Edward Burd Grubb, Bre-
Colonel of the .'53d Commander in for Gallantry in vetted at the Close of

New Jersey. Florida. Action. the War.

Major-Gexeral John McAuley Palmer was
born at Eagle Creek, Kentucky, September 13,
1817, and became a lawyer and politician. He
entered the Civil War as colonel of volunteers and
was major-general of volunteers before the end of
186S. His first service was with Fremont and
Pope in Missouri, and later he was given a division
of the Army of the Cumberland. For a short time
during the Tullahoma campaign he headed the
Twenty-first Corps. During the Atlanta campaign
he was in command of the Fourteenth Corps until
August, 1864. Later, he was in charge of the De-
partment of Kentucky. After the war, he was
governor of Illinois, United States senator, and
candidate of the Gold Democrats for President, in
1896. He died in Springfield, Illinois, Septem-
ber 25, 1900.

Brevet Major-Geneeai, Jefferson Colum-
bus Davis was born in Clarke County, Indiana,
March £, 1828, and served as a volunteer in the
Mexican War. After this he entered the regular
army. He was a lieutenant at Fort Sumter when
the Civil War broke out. Later on, he became
captain and then colonel of an Indiana Regiment,
and led a division in the Amny of the Southwest
at Pea Ridge. As brigadier-general of Aolunteers,
he served as division commander in Pope's Army
of the Mississippi and also in that of the Cumber-
land, and took conmiand of the Fourteenth Army
Corps, August 22, 186-1, and led it through
Georgia and the Carolinas until the close of the
war. He remained in the regular army as colonel.

and was at one time commander of the United
States troops in Alaska, and also was at the head
of the troops that quelled the Modoc uprising of
1873, after the murder of Canby. He received
the brevet of major-general in 1865. He died in
Chicago, November 30, 1879.

Brevet Major-General Richard W. John-
son (U.S.M.A. 1849) was born in Livingston
County, Kentucky, February 7, 1827, and saw his
first service on the frontier. He entered the Civil
War as captain of cavalry, becoming colonel of a
Kentucky regiment. He served in the Army of
the Cunil)crland and its prior organizations. His
connnission as brigadier-general of volunteers was
dated October 19, 1861. As cavalry commander,
he was captured by Morgan in August, 1862. He
commanded a division at Stone's River, Chicka-
mauga, and Chattanooga, and was severely wound-
ed at New Hope Church. For a short time in
August, 1864, he headed the Fourteenth Army
Corps. Then he took charge of the cavalry forces
in the Army of the Cumberland, and headed a di-
vision at Nashville, for which service he received
a brevet of major-general in the regular army.
After the war he entered the regular army as
major in the Fourth Cavalry, also sei'A'ing as pro-
vost-marshal-general and judge advocate in sev-
eral departments. He was professor of military
science in the University of IVIinnesota, 1869-71.
He retired as major-general in 1867, and after
1875 had the rank of brigadier-general. He died
in St. Paul, Minnesota, April 21, 1897.

Two DIVISIONS and some district troops of the
Thirteenth Corps, Army of the Tennessee, were
constituted the Fifteenth, on December 18, 1862.
In two divisions, it was on Sherman's Yazoo Ex-
pedition and was also known as the Second Corps,
McCIernand's Army of the Mississippi, from Jan-
uary 4 to January 12, 1863. The commanders
of the Fifteenth Corps were Major-Generals W. T.
Sherman, F. P. Blair, Jr., John A. Logan, Brig-
adier-General M. L. Smith, and ^Major-Generals P.
J. Osterhaus and W. B. Hazen. The corps took
part in the Vicksburg campaign, the battle of Chat-
tanooga, the relief of Knoxvillc, the Atlanta cam-
paign, and the last campaigns of Sherman. After
the Grand Review of May 24, 1865, the corps

went to Louisville, Kentucky, and one division
served with the army of occupation at Little Rock,
Arkansas. The corps was discontinued August 1,
1865.

Major-General Peter Joseph Osterhaus
was born in Coblenz, Germany, in 1823, and served
as an officer in the Prussian army. He came to
St. Louis, and in 1861 entered the Union army as
major of volunteers. Later, as colonel, he had a
brigade in the Army of the Southwest, and at Pea
Ridge he commanded a division. Passing into the
Army of the Tennessee as brigadier-general of
volunteers, he commanded divisions in the Thn--
tecnth and Fifteenth corps, taking part in the

[220]

FEDERAL G EX ERALS
No. 11

NEW MEXICO

(left)

XEBRASKA

(uight)

NEW YORK
(below)

Christopher ( arson (Kit Carson), of New
Mexieo, Famous Rocky Mountain Scout.

Joliii -M. Tluiyer, of Neljraska, an Impor-
tant Division Commander.

Henry M. Judah, Conspieu- J. J. Bartlett Received the Gustavus A. De Russy, Charles K. Graham Led a
ous During Morgan's Raid Arms of Lee's Troops at who was Brevetted Brigade at Chancellors-

of 1803. Appomattox. for Gallantry. villa.

N. Martin Curtis, Pro-
moted for Gallantry
at Fort Fisher.

Romeyn B. Ayres, Ac- Abram Duryee, First John P. Hatch, Dash- Henry A. Barnum,
tive as a Division Colonel of Duryee's ing Leader of Cav- Conspicuous Bri-

Commander. Zouaves. airy. gade Leader.

Vicksburg campaign and assisting Hooker in the
capture of Lookout Mountain. During the At-
lanta campaign, he was made major-general of vol-
unteers (July, 1864), and he commanded the Fif-
teenth Army Corps on the march to the sea. He

was Major-General Canby's chief-of-stafF in 1865.
After the war he resigned from the sei-vice, and was
American consul at Lyons, France. Thereafter,
remaining in Europe, he made his home in Mann-
heim, Germany.

^txt^^ntli Arm}} flJorpfi

Created from three divisions and troops of sev-
eral districts of the Thirteenth Army Corps on
December 18, 1862, with Major-General S. A.
Hurlbut in command. The corps was much di-
vided during its existence, and divisions were sev-
eral times exchanged for others in the Seventeenth
Corps. Some of it saw service at Vicksburg, but
little active figliting at that place. A division went
with Sherman to Chattanooga. Two divisions
were in the Atlanta campaign, and two on the
Red River expedition of 1864. Some troops
were sent to the Seventh Corps in Arkansas. The
corps was officially discontinued on November 1,
1864, but the right wing, under Major-General
A. J. Smith, known as "Detachment, Army of the
Tennessee," assisted Thomas at Nashville. Besides
Hm-lbut, the command was held by Brigadier-Gen-
eral C. S. Hamilton and Major-General N. J. T.
Dana. The left wing was commanded from time
to time by Major-Generals C. S. Hamilton, R. J.
Oglesby, Brigadier-General G. M. Dodge, Colonel
A. Mersey, and Brigadier-Generals E. A. Carr and
T. E. G. Ransom. The " Detachment," which in-
cluded a division of tlie Seventeenth Army Corps,
was, on February 18, 1865, designated the Six-
teenth Corps, witli Smith in command. The corps
was now in the Military Division of West Missis-
sippi and assisted in the last operations around
Mobile. It was discontinued July 20, 1865.

Major-General Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
was born in Charleston, South Carolina, November
29, 1815, and was admitted to the bar in 1837. In
1845, he removed to Illinois and attained consider-
able prominence in politics. At the opening of the
Civil War he was appointed a brigadier-general
of volunteers, and commanded a division at Shiloh.
Later, lie was at the head of several districts in the
department and was given command of the reor-
ganized Sixteenth Corps, Army of the Tennessee,
in December, 1862. In September, 1862, he was
promoted to major-general of volunteers. He suc-
ceeded Major-General N. P. Banks in command

[222

of the Army and Department of the Gulf. He left
the volunteer service at the end of the war, and at
the time of his death, March 27, 1882, was United
States minister to Peru.

Major-General Grenville Mellen Dodge
was born in Danvers, Massachusetts, April 12,
1831. He was a member of tlie Government sur-
vey in the West until the Civil War broke out,
wlien he went to the front as colonel of the Fourth
Iowa Infantry, in July, 1861. He fought witli the
Army of the Southwest, and, being transferred to
the Department of Tennessee, he commanded the
troops in several districts thereof, as well as divi-
sions of the Thirteenth and Sixteenth corps, hav-
ing been made brigadier-general of volunteers in
March, 1862. In the summer of 1863, he was put
in command of tlie left wing of the Sixteenth Army
Corps as major-general of volunteers, and was
wounded on August 19, 1864, at Jonesboro,
Georgia, in the Atlanta campaign. In December,
1864, he succeeded Major-General Rosecrans in
the Department of Missouri, and remained there
until the close of the war. He resigned from the
service in May, 1866, and became chief engineer
of the Union Pacific and Texas Pacific railways.
In 1866-67, he was member of Congress from Iowa.
In 1898, he was at the head of the commission ap-
pointed to investigate the conduct of the Spanish-
American war.

Major-General Andrew Jackson Smith (U.
S.M.A. 1838) was born in Berks County, Pennsyl-
vania, April 28, 1815, and served in the Mexican
War and in the West. He was made major in the
cavalry when the Civil War broke out. His ap-
pointment of brigadier-general of volunteers was
dated March 17, 1862. He had a division in
the Army of the Ohio, but his name is chiefly as-
sociated with the Army of the Tennessee. He
commanded a division in the Thirteenth Corps
and was with the Yazoo Expedition and McCler-
nand's Army of the Mississippi, and took part in

William Dwiglit, ()rigiii:ill\
Colonel of the 70th
Regiment.

Morgan 11. ( iny.sler, Bre-
vetted for Meritorious
Services.

lliraiu ISenian, Celebrated
Commander of Sharp-
shooters.

Schuyler Hamilton, Con-
spicuous at Island
No. 10.

W 1 a d i ni i r Krzyzanowski,
Originally Colonel of
the 58th Regiment.

Henry E. Davies, Daring
Cavalry Leader
in the East.

Joseph E. Hambhn, Origi-
nally Colonel of the
65th Volunteers.

John Cochrane, Originally
Colonel of the C5th
Regiment.

FEDERAI. GENERALS
No. 15
NEW YORK

(Continued)

I'liiiij) Regis De Trohriaiul.
Prominent Brigade
( 'ommander.

Thomas W. Egiui. Prominent
Brigade Commander
in the East.

the siege of A^icksburg. He commanded the right mandcr of the reorganized Sixteenth Corps on Feb-
wing of the Sixteenth Army Corps on the Red ruary 18, 1865, participating in the closing opera-
River expedition, and, as major-general of volun- tions around Mobile. He reentered the regular
teers, in various operations in Tennessee and Mis- army as colonel in 1866, and was retired in 1899.
sissippi during the Atlanta campaign. He took For a time he was postmaster of St. Louis. He
part in the battle of Nashville, and became com- died in St Louis, January 30, 1897.

#^u0nt^rutl| Army flIcrpH

Created December 18, 1862, from troops in the
Thirteenth Corps, Army of the Tennessee, and the
command given to Major-General J. B. McPher-
son, with whose name it is closely linked. Divisions
were exchanged with the Sixteenth Corps. It was
prominent in the operations on the Mississippi be-
fore and after the fall of Vicksburg, and was a
member of Sherman's Meridian expedition. After
this the corps was divided : half remained in the
Mississippi valley ; the other two divisions went
with Sherman to Atlanta. The Mississippi section
was on the Red River expedition with Brigadier-
General A. J. Smith and formed part of the detacli-
ment that fought at Nasliville. It never rejoined
the rest of the corps, which followed Sherman
through Georgia and the Carolinas. On August
1, 1865, the corps was discontinued. Besides Mc-
Phcrson, it was commanded by IMajor-Generals F.
P. Blair, Jr., J. A. Mower, Brigadier-Generals T.
E. G. Ransom, M. D. Leggett, and W. W. Bel-
knap.

Major-General Francis Preston Blair, Jr.,
was born in Lexington, Kentucky, February 19,
1821, and became a lawyer and editor in St. Louis.
He was a member of Congress for several years,
and at the outbreak of the Civil War he was instru-
mental in saving ^lissouri to the LTnion. Entering
the army as colonel, his commission of major-gen-
eral of volunteers was dated November 29, 1862.
He conmianded a brigade on the Yazoo expedition,
and afterward was division commander in the Fif-
teenth Army Corps, and headed it for a short time.
In Sherman's campaigns to Atlanta and through
Georgia and the Carolinas, lie commanded the
Seventeenth Army Corps. Resigning from the vol-

unteer service in November, 1865, he was Demo-
cratic nominee for vice-president in 1868, and sen-
ator from Missouri, 1871-73. He died in St. Louis,
July 8, 1875.

Major-General Joseph Anthony ]\Iower was
born in Woodstock, Vermont, August 22, 1827.
He served as a private in the Mexican War and
reentered tlie army as second lieutenant in 1855.
After the Civil War broke out, he was promoted
to a captaincy, became colonel of a Missouri regi-
ment in JMay, 1862, and brigadier-general of vol-
unteers in November of that year. He led his regi-
ment in the attacks on Island No. 10, in other
activities in Kentucky and Tennessee, and headed
a brigade in the Army of the Mississippi at the
time it was discontinued, passing thence to bri-
gades in the Thirteentli, Sixteenth, and Fifteenth
corps (Army of tlie Tennessee). With tlie latter,
he served at the siege of V icksburg. From Decem-
ber, 1863, to October, 1864, he commanded a bri-
gade and then a division in tlie right wing of the
Sixtecntli Corps, and took part in the Red River
expedition and in the operations in ^Mississippi
and Tennessee while Sherman was fighting his way
to Atlanta. In October, he joined Sherman's army
at the liead of a division of the Seventccntli Army
Corps, and was its connnander for a short time. In
the closing days of the Carolina campaign he had
command of the Twentieth Army Corps. Mower
was appointed major-general of volunteers in
August, 186-i. After leaving the volunteer service
he continued as colonel in the regular army, serv-
ing with the Thirty-nintli and Twenty-fifth infan-
try. He commanded the Department of Louisi-
ana. He died in New Orleans, January 6, 1870.

Etglttrrutli Army CUnrpH

On December 24, 1862, the troops in the De- Foster was placed at its head. There were five di-
partment of North Carolina were designated the visions, at first. Two divisions were detached in
Eiglitcenth Army Corps, and Major-General J. G. February, 1863, and sent to the Tenth Corps,

[924]

.lolm .1. Peck, ( 'ominander Cliarles II. Tompkins, Pro- Edward K. Potter, l{|-fvetl<'(l \\'illiam H. Morris, Colonel
on the Peninsula. moted in 1805. for Gallantry. of the 6tn Artillery.

Elisha G. Marshall Led a Robert Nugent, Originally .John C. Robinson Com- James R. O'Keirne, Promoted
Brigade in the Crater Colonel of the 69th manded a Division at from Major for

Battle. Regiment. Gettysburg. Gallantry.

Rush C. Hawkins, Colonel R. B. Potter, Commander of

of " Hawkins' Zouaves," a Division at Crater

0th Infantry. Battle.

operating around Charleston Harbor. On July
15th, the Departments of Virginia and North Car-
olina were united, and on August 1st, the Seventh
Corps, including Getty's division of the Ninth, was
merged in the Eighteenth. The other command-
ers of the corps were Brigadier-General I. N. Pal-
mer, IVIajor-Generals B. F. Butler, W. F. Smith,
Brigadier-General J. H. Martindale, Major-Gen-
erals E. O. C. Ord, John Gil)bon, Brigadier-General
C. A. Heckman, and Brevet IMajor-General God-
frey Weitzel. In April, 1864, this corps, with the
Tenth, formed the Army of the James. It fought
a series of battles after reaching Bernuida Hun-
dred— especially that at Drewry's Bluff. Later in
May, the corps joined the Army of the Potomac at
Cold Harbor, in which battle it was very prom-
inent. Then it returned to Bermuda Hundred and
was very active in numerous engagements around
Petersburg until December 3, 1864, when it was
discontinued. The white troops were merged in
the Twenty-fourth and the colored ones in the
Twenty-fifth Corps.

Major-Gexekai. John Gray Foster (U.S.
M.A. 1846) was born in Whitefield, New Hamp-
shire, May 27, 18i23. He rendered able service in
the Mexican War, taught engineering at West
Point, superintended Government works, and was
one of the officers garrisoned at Fort Sumter dur-
ing the siege. He distinguished himself at the cap-
ture of Roanoke Island and at New Berne ; as-
sumed chief command of the Department of North
Carolina, the Department of Virginia and North
Carolina, the Department and Army of the Ohio,
and the Department of the South. He became
major-general of volunteers in July, 1862. Being
mustered out of the volunteer service in 1866, he,
with the rank of lieutenant-colonel of engineers,
continued his work on important engineering proj-
ects of the Government. He died in Nashua, New
Hampshire, September 2, 1874.

Brevet Major-Generae John Henry !Mar-
TiNUALE (U.S. M.A. 1835) was born at Sandy Hill,
New York, March 20, 1815. He resigned from
the army the year after leaving West Point, but,
offering his services at the outbreak of the Civil
War, he was made brigadier-general of volunteers
in August, 1861. He was brigade commander in
several corps of the Army of the Potomac, and in
February, 1863, took charge of the troops in the
District of Washington — a portion of the Twenty-
second Army Corps. In May, 1864, he was as-
signed to a division in the Eighteenth Army Corps,
and for a short period in July, during the early

operations against Petersburg, he had command
of the corps itself. On September 13th, he re-
signed from the service. The brevet of major-
general of volunteers was conferred upon him on
March 13, 1865, in recognition of his services at
the battle of Malvern Hill (1862). He became
attorney-general of the State of New York, and
died at Nice, France, December 13, 1881.

Major-General William Farrar Smith (U.
S.M.A. 1845) was born in St. Albans, Vermont,
February 17, 1824, and taught mathematics at
West Point. In the early days of the Civil War
he served on the staffs of Major-Generals Butler
and ]\IcDoweIl. His commission as major-general
of volunteers was dated July 4, 1862, to which
rank he was recommissioncd March 9, 1864. After
leading a brigade and division in the early organiza-
tion of the Army of the Potomac, he had divisions
in the Fourth and Sixth corps, and commanded
the latter in the battle of Fredericksburg. After
heading the Ninth Corps for a short time, he went
to the Department of the Susquehanna and later —
in 1863 — became chief engineer of the Army of the
Cumberland, where he rendered valuable assistance
in the relief of Chattanooga. In ]\Iay, 1864, he
took command of the Eighteenth Corps in the
Army of the James and led it at the battle of Cold
Harbor, where it had joined the Army of the Po-
tomac. He resigned from the volunteer service in
1865, and from the regular army in 1867, with the i
brevet of major-general. He became president of '
the International Telegraph Company, and was
president of the board of Police Commissioners in
New York City, 1877. After that, he practised
civil engineering. He died in Philadelphia, Feb-
ruary 28, 1903.

Brigadier-General Charles Adams Heckman
was born in Easton, Pennsylvania, December 3,
1822. He served in the IMexican War, and went to
the Civil War as lieutenant-colonel of the Ninth
New Jersey Infantry. He became a colonel and
had a brigade in the Department of North Car-
olina, where, after being made brigadier-general of
volunteers, he had a division in the Eighteenth
Army Corps. Later, he had charge of the District
of Beaufort and the defenses of New Berne and at i
Newport News. On May 16, 1864, at the head of I
a brigade he was captured at Drewry's Bluff. He
had temporary connnand of the Eighteenth Corps
in September, 1864, and was temporary commander
of the Twenty-fifth Army Corps, January-Fcbru- j
ary, 1865. He resigned from the service in May, '
1865, and died in Philadelphia, January 14, 1896. |

Nelson Taylor, Originally Colonil John II. II. \\anl, Originally Colonel Daniel I'llinann, Originally Colonel

of the 72(1 Regiment. of the 38th Regiment. of the 78lli Regiment.

Egbert L. Viele, Engaged at Fort Alexander Shaler Commanded a Bri-

Pulaski and Norfolk. gade at Spotsylvania.

[d— 15]

Nturt^rutl) Army (ttnr^B

On January 5, 1863, the troops in the Depart-
ment of the Gulf were constituted tlic Nineteenth
Army Corps, with Major-Generul N. P. Bunks in
command. Its otiier leaders were Major-General
W. B. Franklin, Brigadier-Generals W. H. Emory,
B. S. Roherts, M. K. Lawler, and Major-General
J. J. Reynolds. It operated in I^ouisiana, took
part in the investment of Port Hudson, and did
garrison duty until it went on the Red River ex-
pedition in IMarch, 1864, where it was prominent
at Sabine Cross Roads and in other engagements.
In July, the First and Second divisions, under Em-
ory, went to Virginia, and entered the Army of the
Shenandoah and fought at the Opequon, Fisher's
Hill, and Cedar Creek. This "detachment," as it
was called until November 7th, was connnanded by
Brigadier-Generals W, H. Emory and Cuvier Gro-
ver, and after the campaign in the Shcnandt)ah, it
went, in different sections, to Savannah. Some of
the troo})s were afterward attaclied to tlie "^lY'ntli
Corps ; others remained in Savannah until the
corps was discontinued on March ^0, 1865, and
even longer. On November 7, 1864, tlie portion of
the corps that liad remained in Louisiana Avas dis-
continued, and tlie designation. Nineteenth Army
Corps, passed to the divisions operating in the

Shenandoah valley. Most of the troops in Louis-
iana were put in the Gulf Reserve Corps, which, in
February, 1865, became the new Thirteenth Corps,
and assisted at the capture of Mobile.

^Iajok-Gkx i:n.\ I. Wii.LiA.M Hkmsi.kv Emory
(U.S.M.A. 18;31 ) was born in Queen Anne's
County, Maryland, September 9, 1811. He served
in the Mexican War, and later was appointed as-
tronomer to the commission which determined the
boundary between ]\Iexico and the LTnited States.
As colonel, he entered the Civil War in the cavalry
of the Army of the Potomac, and, as brigadier-
general of volunteers, had a brigade in the Fourth
Army Corps after the Peninsula campaign. In
1863, he was sent to the Department of the Gulf,
where, for a time, he was in charge of the defenses
of New Orleans, and in May, 1864', he assumed
connnand of the Nineteenth Army Corps. In July,
with two divisions, he went to Washington and
tlie Shenandoah valley to assist in the campaign
against Early. He received the rank of major-
general of volunteers in September, 1865, and
commanded several de])artments after the war.
being I'etired in 1876, as brigadier-general. He
died in Washington, December 1, 1887.

{Jm^utt^tlj Army (dflr^iH

The right wing of the Army of the Cumber-
land was made the Twentieth Army Corps on Jan-
uarv 9, 1863, under Brigadier-General A. McD.
]McCook, who held it until October 9, 1863, when it
was merged in the Fourth Corps, which had been
created on September 28th. It was prominent in
the engagement at Liberty Gap, Tennessee, June
J25th, during the advance of the army to Tullaho-
ma, and eiglit of its brigades were in the battle
of Chickamauga.

Major-General Alexander McDowell Mc-
CooK (U.S.M.A. 1863) was born in Columbiana
County, Ohio, April 22, 1831, and was the son of
Major Daniel McCook, whose eight other sons also
served in the Civil War. He did garrison duty in
the West and was an instructor at West Point. He
was colonel of the First Ohio at Bull Run, and
then, as brigafher-gencral of volunteers, went to tlie
Department of the Ohio, wliere he had a command,
and, later, a division at Shiloh and elsewhere, until

he headed the First Corps, Army of the Ohio, in
the Kentucky campaign against Bragg. He had
been made major-general of volunteers in July.
He had connnand of the right wing (Army of the
Cumberland), which bore the brunt of the attack
at Stone's River. In the new organization of the
army, he connnanded the Twentieth Corps until
after the battle of Chickamauga. I^ater, he had
command of the northern defenses of Washington,
and the District of Eastern. Kansas. Retiring from
the volunteer service, he resumed his rank of lieu-
tenant-colonel in the regular army, serving with
the Twenty-sixth and other infantry regiments.
He was aide-de-camp to General Sherman from
1875 to 1880. In 1890 he was made brigadier-
general, and became major-general, in 1894. He
held several public positions of honor, and was re-
tired in 1895. General McCook served on a com-
mission to investigate the administration of the
War Department during the Spanish war. He
died in Dayton, Ohio, June 12, 1903.

[228]

John H. Ketcluiin, I'roinolcd in
(lalliinhv Duriiifi tlu' War.

( loorgo \V. \ on Schaack Led t lic
Seventh New York in the ("hargc
against the .Stonewall at
Froderieksburg.

Max Wcher, in ( oniinand at Harper's
Ferrv in 1804.

diaries G. Halpinc
(Miles O'Reilly).
Poet and Author:
.Assistant Adju-
tant-Genera

( harles H. Morgan,
Promoted to Reg-
ular Rank for
Gallantry in
the Field.

Patrick H. .Jones, Originally Colonel Charles H. Van Wyck. Originallx
of the 154th Regiment. Colonel of the .50th Regiment.

Hiram C. Rt)gers, ( liief of Staff to
General H. W. Slocum.

FEDERAI> GENERALS
No. 18

NEW YORK

(Continued)

Guy V. Henry, Originally Colonel
of the 40th Regiment.

A CORPS with the designation of Twentieth was
created on April -t, 1864<, from the troops of the
Eleventli and Twelfth corps which, under Hooker,
had joined the Army of the Cumberland in Octo-
ber, 1863. One division never joined the main
body and finally engaged in Thomas' campaign
against Hood in Tennessee, but the remainder fol-
lowed the fortunes of the Atlanta campaign, and

one of its brigades was the first to enter that city.
On the inarch to the sea and the campaign through
the Carolinas, the Twentieth Corps was part of
Slocum's Army of Georgia. The corps command-
ers were Major-Gen erals Joseph Hooker, Henry
W. Slocum, Joseph A. Mower, and Brigadier-
General Alpheus S. Williams. The corps was dis-
continued on June 1, 1865.

Slmnttg-firBt Army Olorps

The Left Wing of the Army of the Cumber-
land was made the Twenty-first Army Corps on
January 9, 1863, and the command was given to
Alajor-General T. L. Crittenden. Its other com-
manders were Brigadier-Generals T. J. Wood and
Major-General J. M. Palmer. On October 9th, it
was consolidated with the original Twentieth
Corps and merged in the new Fourth Corps. The
only battle the Twenty-first Corps participated
in as an organization was Chickamauga, where
one division fought with Thomas throughout the
entire battle.

Major-General Thomas Leonidas Critten-
den was born in Russellville, Kentucky, May 15,
1815, and became a lawyer. He served in the

Mexican War and later was United States consul
at Liverpool, until 1853. In September, 1861, he
was given a division in the Army of the Ohio under
Buell, and was made major-general of volunteers
for his conduct at Shiloh. In the campaign against
Bragg, in Kentucky, he conmianded the Second
Corps, Army of the Ohio ; the Left Wing, Army
of the Cumberland, at Stone's River and the
Twenty-first Army Corps at Chickamauga. For a
short period. May— June, 1864!, he led a division in
the Ninth Corps. He resigned from the volunteer
service in December, 1864, and after the war re-
entered the regular army as colonel. He received
the brevet of brigadier-general in 1867, was retired
in 1881, and died on Staten Island, New York,
October 23, 1893.

Created February 2, 1863, and consisted of
the troops occuping the defenses of Washington.
It was first headed by Major-General S. P.
Heintzelman, and he was succeeded by Major-
Generals C. C. Augur and J. G. Parke. This corps
saw active service only when it held the outer line
of works during Lieutenant-General Early's attack
on Washington, July 12, 1864. The roster of this
corps was constantly changing as the troops were
sent to reenforce other corps, so that it had no
strong organization.

Major-General Christopher Colon Augur
(U.S.M.A. 1843) was born in New York, July 10,
1821. He served in the Mexican War, and the
campaign against the Oregon Indians. He entered

[21

Armg QlnrpH

the Civil War as major in the infantry, and was
made brigadier of volunteers in November, 1861.
He was severely wounded at Cedar Mountain,
August 9, 1862, where he connnanded a division
in the Second Corps, Army of Virginia. He sub-
sequently, as major-general of volunteers, had a
division in the Nineteenth Corps, Army of the
Gulf, from January to July, 1863, and in October
was put in command of the Twenty-second Army
Corps (Department of Washington) where he re-
mained until the close of the war. He returned to
the regular army in 1866, as colonel, and was made
brigadier-general in 1869. He commanded several
departments in the West and South and was retired
in July, 1885. He died in Washington, D. C,
January 16, 1898.
)]

Samuel H. Hurst, Colonel of the 73cl John W. Sprague, Originally Colonel
Regiment. of the 63d Regiment.

Charles F. Manderson, Originally
Colonel of the 19th Infantry.

Eliakim P. Scammon, Colonel of the
23d llegimcnt.

Thomas C. H. Smith, Promoted from
the 1st Cavalry in 1862.

FEDERAL
GENERALS
No. 19— OHIO

Amcricus V. Rice, Originally Colonel
of the 57th Regiment.

Nathaniel C. McLean, Originally
Colonel of the 7th Infantry.

E. B. Tyler, Originally Colonel of
the 7th Infantry.

®mntly-tl)tr& Army (ttnrjiH

Created April 27, 1863, out of troops in the
Department of the Ohio, then headed by jNIajor-
General A. E. Burnside. The regiments forming
it had been stationed in Kentucky, and Major-Gen-
eral G. L. Hartsuff was phiced in connnand. He
was succeeded by Brigadier-Generals M. D. ]Man-
son, J. I), ("ox, Major-Generals George Stoneman,
and J. M. Schofield. Tlie corps fouglit in Eastern
Tennessee and was besieged in Knoxville. As the
Army of the Ohio, it went on the Atlanta campaign
and after the capture of that city, it returned to
Tennessee and was prominent at Franklin and
Nashville. Tlie corps was then (except two divi-
sions) moved to North Carolina and captured
Wilmington in February, 1865. It joined Sher-
man's army at Goldsboro and marched with it to
Wasliington. The corps was discontinued, August
1, 1865.

INIajor-Generai. George Lucas Hartsuff (U.
S.M.A. 1852) was born in Tyre, New York, May
28, 1830, and served in Texas and Florida. He
was at Fort Pickens from April to July, 1861, and
then under Rosecrans. At Cedar Mountain, Man-
assas, and Antietam, he conmianded a brigade, and
in the last battle was severely wounded. In No-
vember, he was made major-general of volunteers,
and after IVIay, 1863, he was in command of the
new Twenty-third Army Corps until September S-l,
1863. Toward the end of the siege of Petersburg,
he commanded the works at Bermuda Hundred.
After leaving the volunteer service at the conclu-
sion of the war he continued in the regular army,
and was retired with the rank of major-general in
June, 1871, on account of his wounds. He died
in New York, May 16, 1874.

®iii^uty-f0urtl| Army QlarpH

Created December 3, 1864', to consist of white
troops of the Tenth and Eighteenth corps, Army
of the James. Its first conunander, ]\Iajor-Gen-
eral E. O. C. Ord, headed it for only three days,
and he was followed by Brevet INIajor-General A.
H. Terry, Brigadier-General Charles Devens, Jr.,
Major-Gencral John Gibbon, and Brevet Major-
General John W. Turner. One division was sent
to the operations against Fort Fisher, and its place
was taken by one from the Eighth Army Corps.
It was present at the final operations around
Petersburg, and the pursuit of Lee. The corps
was discontinued August 1, 1865.

Major-General Edward Otho Cresap Ord
(U.S.M.A. 1839) was born in Cumberland, Mary-
land, October 18, 1818. He served in the Seminole
War and in various Indian expeditions in the far
West. In 1859, he took part in the capture of

John Brown at Harper's Ferry. As brigadier-
general of volunteers, he commanded a brigade in
Buell's Division and tlic First Corps of the Army
of the Potomac from October, 1861, to April,
1862, and had a division in the Department of the
Rappahannock until June 10th. As major-gen- i
eral of volunteers, he commanded a division in the |
Army of West Tennessee. Then he assumed com- 1
niand of the Thirteenth Army Corps in the Armies '
of the Tennessee, and of the Gulf; of the Eight-
eenth Army Corps in the Department of ^'irginia ;
and North Carolina, and of the Twenty-fourth
Army Corps in the Army of the James, to the
command of whicli army he succeeded Major-Gen-
cral B. F. Butler in January, 1865. He was
wounded in the assault on Fort Harrison, but did
not give up his command. Ord was retired with
full rank of major-general in 1880, and died July
22, 1883, in Havana, Cuba.

Qtm^itty-fiftlt Army flInrpB

Created December 3, 186-1, to consist of the A. Heckman. One division went with Terry to
colored troops of the Tenth and Eighteenth corps. Fort Fisher; the others remained in Virginia, tak-
Amiy of the James. Its commanders were Major- ing part in the final operations around Petersburg,
General Godfrey Weitzel and Brigadier-General C. and then formed the army of occupation in Texas.

[232]

James S. HdliiiisDii. Originally Joliii (i. Mitclu'll, Originally ( olontl (icurgv \V. .Morgan. < (jniniaiKler of a
Colonel of the 82d Regiment. of the 113th Regiment. Dixision at Chickasaw Bluff.s.

Benjamin Potts. Originally Charles G. Gilbert, Corps Jacob .\mmen. Originally Thomas Smith, Originally
Colonel of the 'Md Commander at Perry- Colonel of the 24th Ohio; Colonel of the .54th

Regiment. ville unrler Gen. Buell. I,c(l a Brigade at Shiloh. R<'gim<'nt.

3Ftrat (EorpB — Army of tl)r Wl}m

Its last regiments were mustered out on January
8, 1866. In February, 1865, it numbered about
fourteen thousand troops.

Major-General Godfrey Weitzel (U.S.M.
A. 1855) was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, November
1, 1835, and entered the Engineer Corps. At the
opening of the Civil War, as first lieutenant, he
served at the defense of Fort Pickens and was chief
engineer of Butler's expedition to New Orleans,
the capture of which city he planned and the act-
ing mayor of which he became. As brigadier-gen-
eral of volunteers, lie had a brigade in the Depart-
ment of the Gulf, and a brigade and division in the
Nineteenth Army Corps at the siege of Port Hud-
son, where he connnanded tlie right wing of Major-
General Banks' forces. In IVIay, 1864, he was

given a division in the Eighteenth Army Corps, and
later was chief engineer of the Army of the James,
and constructed the fortifications at Bermuda
Hundred and Deep Bottom. He was in command
of the Eighteenth Army Corps from October to
December, 1864, having been made major-general
of volunteers. On the formation of the Twenty-
fifth Army Corps (December, 1864) he was placed
at its head and remained so, except for one short
interval, until it was discontinued in January,
1866. He occupied Richmond, in April, 1865.
After commanding a district in Texas, he was mus-
tered out of the service, and returned to engineer-
ing work in the army. He became lieutenant-
colonel of engineers in 1882. He had been brevet-
ted major-general in the regular army in 1865.
He died in Philadelphia, March 19, 1884.

The Army op the Ohio was organized into
three corps on September 29, 1862. The First was
commanded by Major-General A. McDowell Mc-
Cook. It bore the chief part in the battle of

Perry ville, Kentucky (October 8, 1862), and the
campaign against Bragg in Kentucky. On Octo-
ber 24th, it was merged in tlie Fourteenth Corps,
known as tlie Army of the Cumberland.

This corps fought at Bardstown in tlie cam-
paign against Bragg. It was headed by Major-
General T. L. Crittenden. It constituted the right
v/ing of the army, and was accompanied by Major-

General George H, Thomas, who was second in
command in the Army of the Ohio. Like the First
Corps it had a brief existence, and it was merged
in the Fourteenth Corps, October 24, 1862.

This corps was commanded by Major-General
C. C. Gilbert. It took part in the Kentucky cam-
paign, but was only slightly engaged in Perryville.
Its three divisions were commanded by Brigadier-

Generals SchoepfF, Mitchell, and Sheridan and
Colonel Kennett. It was merged in the Fourteenth
Corps, October 24, 1862.

Olaualrg Qlorpa— HiUtarij itutBton nf tl^t MxBBXBBxppx

The first cavai-ry corps in the West was or-
ganized in October, 1864, with Brevet Major-Gen-
eral J. H. Wilson at its head. There were seven
divisions, of which four took part in the battle of
Nashville, December 15th and 16th. Wilson entered

its last engagement with Forrest at Columbus,
Georgia, on April 16th. One division of this corps,
under Brigadier-General Judson Kilpatrick, con-
sisting of four bi'igades, accompanied Sherman's
army through Georgia and the Carolinas, and was

Alabama in March, 1865, and the corps fought present at Bentonville and Johnston's surrender.

2341

Emerson Opdyckc, Brevet tccl fur
Gallantry at tli<> Hat tie of Franklin.

Henry Van Ness Boynton, Deeo-
rated for Gallantry in Action.

Jcseph Warren Keifer, Orif;inall,\-
Colonel of the llOtli HeKinient.

Hugh Ewing, Brevetted for Gal- George P. E.ste. Originally ( 'olonel Catherinus P. Buckingham, Aj>
lantry in 1865. of the 14th Infantry. pointed in 1862.

The cavalry was a separate command in the
Army of the Cumberland after the reorganization
of January 9, 1863. It was headed in turn by
Major-General D. S. Stanley and Brigadier-Gen-

erals R. B. Mitchell, W. L. Elliott, and R. W.
Johnson. In October, 1864<, this force was in-
cluded in the newly formed Cavalry Corps of the
]\Iilitary Division of the Mississippi.

U^arrur (ttor^ia— Army nf tl|^ (ttumb^rlanJi

Organized June 8, 1863, and discontinued
October 9tli, when the troops were merged in the
reorganized Fourth and Fourteenth corps. Major-

Geiieral Gordon Granger was its coimaander. It
served through the Tullahoma campaign, and went
to the assistance of Thomas at Chickamauga.

(ttnrpB — Armg of tl\^ (^nlf

The troops of the Nineteenth Corps that were manded by IMajor-Generals J. J. Reynolds and

not sent to Washington and the Shenandoah valley (Jordon Granger, and was merged in the reor-

wcre organized into the Reserve Corps of the Army ganized Thirteenth Army Corps, February 18,
of the Gulf, on December 5, 1864. It was com- 1865.

Organized under the command of Brigadier-
General T. W. Sherman in September and Octo-
ber, 1861. It consisted of three brigades. This
was the force that assistefl the navy at the capture
of Port Royal, occupying the abandoned works
and garrisoning the base thus secured. It formed
the nucleus of the Department of the South and
the Tenth Army Corps.

Brigadier-General Thomas West Sherman
(U.S.INI.A. 1836) was born at Newport, Rhode
Island, March 26, 1813. He served in the Sem-
inole War and as captain in the War with Mex-
ico. At the opening of the Civil War, he was
lieutenant in the artillery, and was promoted
to brigadier-general of volunteers, ]May 17, 1861.
He was placed at the head of the South Caro-

lina Kxpeditional Corps and commanded tlic land
forces in the operations around Port Royal. Af-
ter that, he commanded a division in Grant's
Army of West Tennessee. In September, 1862,
he was put at the head of the Federal troops at
Carrollton, Louisiana, in the Department of the
Gulf, and in January, 1863, took charge of the
defenses of New Orleans. He went with Banks to
Port Hudson, in May, 1863, as division com-
mander in the Nineteenth Army Corps. After
that, he was again stationed at New Orleans with
the reserve artillery and at the defenses of the city.
After leaving the volunteer service at the close
of the war, he was colonel of the Third Artillery,
at Fort Adams, Rhode Island. On December 31,
1870, he was retired with full rank, of major-
general. He died in Newport, March 16, 1879.

3\VBt (ttor^JB— Army of Utr^tnia

Created June 26, 1862, from troops in the Brigadier-General R. C. Schenck headed the corps

Mountain Department under Major-General Fre- for short periods. After the close of Pope's Vir-

niont, who, refusing to serve under Major-General ginia campaign, it was merged in the Eleventh

Pope, was replaced by Major-General Franz Sigel. Corps, Army of the Potomac, September 12, 1862.

( ]

Franklin SawyiT, Orin- Anson (i. McCook, Henry M. Cist, I'm- ( hark'.s H. (irosxc- Tiniotliy Stank'V, Orig-
inally ('oloiicl of llic ( oKini'l of the li)4th inotod for (iallantry nor. Colonel of the inally Colonel of the
Hth Ifeginient. Regiment. at Stone's River. 18th ^'eteran. IHth Regiment.

.\nson SUiger, Conspicuons in the
Telegraph Corps.

Henry C. Corbin, Colonel of Colored
Infantry: Later Lieutenant-Gen-
eral of the I'nited States Army.

William S. Smith, Originally Colonel
of the 13th Regiment.

FEDERAL
GENERALS
—No. 2^2—
OHIO

William B. Woods, Originally Colonel of
the 7()th Regiment.

Robert K. Seott, Originally Colom I of
the (iSth Regiment.

g>rr0ui (ttnrps — Army of Htrginia

Created June 26, 1S6^, from the troops in the
Department of the Slienandoah. It was com-
manded by INIajor-General N. P. Banks, and later
by Brigadier-General A. S. Williams. It defeated

Jackson at Cedar Mountain and fought in the
other battles of the campaign. When the Army
of Virginia was discontinued it was merged in the
Twelfth Corps, Army of the Potomac.

El}\vh fliorpa — Army nf Utrgtnta

Created June 26, 1862, from the troops in the and later by Brigadier-General J. B. Ricketts and

Department of the Rappahannock, previously the Major-General Joseph Hooker. On the discon-

First Corps of the Ainny of the Potomac. It was tinuation of the Army of Virginia, it became again

commanded by JNIajor-General Irvin McDowell the First Corps of the Arn.iy of the Potomac.

Olaualrjj OInrpB — Army nf tift fotomar

A CAVALRY DIVISION luidcr Brigadier-General
A. Pleasonton was organized in July, 1862, and
was with the Army of the Potomac, until Febru-
ary, 1863, when the Cavalry Corps was created
with Major-General George Stoneman at its head.
Its other commanders were Brigadier-Generals A.
Pleasonton, D. INIc^M. Gregg, Major-General P. H.
Sheridan, Brigadier-General A. T. A. Torbert,
Brevet Brigadier-General William Wells, Major-
Generals Wesley Merritt and George Crook. Two
divisions were transferred to the Army of the Shen-
andoah in August, 186-t, and remained with it until
til March, 1865. At first, the corps numbered over
eleven thousand men. It saw constant active serv-
ice ; its most important battle being the one at Bev-
erly Ford, Virginia, on June 9, 1863. Its liardest
fighting took place in the Wilderness campaign of
1864. The corps was broken up in May, 1865.

Major-General Phitjp Henry Sheridan
(U.S.M.A. 1853) was born in Albany, New
York, March 6, 1831. After service in the West he
became captain in May, 1861. He was on the staff
of Halleck at Corinth, and in May, 1862, was
made colonel of the Second Michigan Cavalry.
Defeating Forrest's and repulsing Chalmer's supe-
rior force at Booneville, he was made brigadier-
general of volunteers. In August, he defeated
Falkner in Mississippi, and in September com-
manded a division in the Army of the Ohio, at
Perryville and another in the Army of the Cum-
berland at Stone's River, for which service he was
made major-general of volunteers and fought with
great ability at Chickamauga and Missionary
Ridge. In April, 1864*, he was transferred to the
command of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Poto-
mac, and in August he was put at the head of

[

the Army of the Shenandoah and defeated Early
at Cedar Creek. In December, 186-i, he was made
major-general in the regular army, lieutenant-gen-
eral in March, 1869, and general June 1, 1888. He
died in Nonquit, Massachusetts, August 5, 1888.

Brevet Major-General Alfred Thomas
Archimedes Torhert (U.S.M.A. 1855) was bom
in Georgetown, Delaware, July 1, 1833. He en-
tered the Civil War as colonel of the First New
Jersey Volunteers, and commanded a brigade in
the Sixth Army Corps. He had connnand of a
division in the Sixth Corps, March— April, 1864,
after which he had a division in the Cavalry Corps,
and was given command of the Corps on August
6, 1864. He resigned in 1866, with the brevet of
major-general of volunteers and served as United
States consul-general at Havana in 1871. Sep-
tember 30, 1880, he was drowned in the wreck of
the ill-fated steamer Vera Cruz off the Florida coast.

Major-General Wesley ]\Ierritt (U.S.M.A.
1860) was born in New York, June 16, 1836. In
1861, he was at first, second and then first lieu-
tenant of cavalry. He served throughout the
Civil War, for the most part in the cavalry of the
Army of the Potomac, where he rose to the com-
mand of the Cavalry Corps in the Shenandoah on
January 26, 1865, and in the Army of the Poto-
mac from March 25-]May 22, 1865. After the war
he served in various Indian campaigns, was super-
intendent of the United States ^Military Academy
at West Point, and in May, 1898, was given com-
mand of the United States forces to be sent to the
Philippines. He was first American military gov-
ernor of those islands. He retired from the army
in 1900 and died December 3, 1910.
238]

VII

CONP^EDERATE
ARMIES
AND
GENERALS

CONFEDERATES OF "61 — AT THE BIRTH OF THE SOUTHERN ARMY, WHEN
"guards," "grays," and "rifles" abounded — THESE ARE THE " PELICAN
rifles" op BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA, LATER MERGED INTO THE SEVENTH
LOUISIANA VOLUNTEERS WHICH SUFFERED THE HEAVIEST LOSS OF ANY CON-
FEDERATE REGIMENT ENGAGED IN THE FIGHT AT PORT REPUBLIC, JUNE 9, 1862

THE pcriiiuncnt Constitution of tiic Confeder-
ate States of America provided that the Pres-
ident should be commander-in-chief of the army
and navy, and of the militia of the several States
when called into actual service. Accordingly, in
any consideration of the Confederate arm}', the
part played by President Davis must be borne in
mind ; also the fact that he previously had seen
service in the United States army and that he had
been Secretary of War of the United States. As
Secretaries of War in the Confederate States Gov-
ernment there were associated with President
Davis, the following: LeRoy Pope Walker, of Ala-
bama, February '21, 1861, to September 17, 1861 ;
Judah P. Benjannn, of Louisiana, September 17,
1861, to Alardi 17, 186J2; George W. Ran-
dol})h, of Mrginia, Alarcii 17, 1862, to November
17, 1862; Major-General Gustavus W. Smith, of
Kentucky, November 17, 1862, to November 21,
1862 ; James A. Seddon, of Virginia, from No-
vember 21, 1862, to February 6, 1865 ; and Major-
General John C. Breckinridge, of Kentucky, Feb-
ruary 6, 186.5, to the close of the war.

Unlike the Union army there were generals, both

regular and of tlie provisional army, as well as
lieutenant-generals ; it being the intention that
every commander of an army should rank as gen-
eral, and every commander of a corps should rank
as lieutenant-general. Such was the case with
tlie generals mentioned in the biographical matter
following in connection with the various armies
and other organizations. An exception to this
statement was General Samuel Cooper, who served
at Richmond as adjutant and inspector-general.

Gkkeuat, Samuel Cooper (U.S.jM.A. 1815)
was born in Hackensack, New Jersey, June 12,
1798, and served in the army, receiving the brevet
of colonel for his services in the Mexican War.
He resigned in March, 1861, to enter the service of
the Confederacy. He was appointed general on
]\Iay 16th, but, owing to his age, took no active
part in the field. He was adjutant and inspector-
general of the Confederate States army through-
out tlie entire war, performing his duties with
great tlioroughness and al)ility. He died at Came-
ron, Mrginia, December 53, 1876.

Army of tli^

Majok-Gexerai. Kextox Harper, of the Vir-
ginia State forces, had collected al)out two thou-
sand ^'irginia volunteers at Harper's Ferry as
early as April 21, 1861. He was relieved on
the 28th by Colonel Thomas .1. Jackson, and
the mustering in of volunteers went rapidly on.
On May 2-tth, Brigadier-General Joseph E. John-
ston assumed command of the troops, and on
June 30th, there were 10,651< present for duty,
in four brigades and cavali-y. This was the force
that opposed Major-General Patterson in the Val-
ley, and it was known as the Army of the Shenan-
doah. It took part in the engagement at Falling
Waters, July 2d, and the skirmishes near Bunker
Hill and Charlestown. Strengthened with eight
Southern regiments, this army started for Manas-
sas, on July 18th, and took part in the first battle
of Bull Run. After this, it formed a part of the
Confederate Army of the Potomac.

General Joseph Egglestox Johxston (U.S.
M.A. 1829) was bom in Cherry Grove, near Farm-
ville, Virginia, February 3, 1807. He served in the

Black Hawk, Seminole, and ^Mexican wars, in the
last of which he was twice severely wounded. He
resigned his rank of brigadier-general to enter the
Confederate service on April 20, 1861, and was
given the rank of general in August. He was in
connnand at Harper's Ferry after ]May 24th, and
headed the Army of the Shenandoah. He brought
his troops to jManassas and superseded Beaure-
gard in the command, at Bull Run, joining his
force to the Arm^' of the Potomac. In command
of the Army of Northern Virginia, he was severely
wounded at Fair Oaks. In November, 1862, he was
assigned to the head of the Department of Ten-
nessee, but outside of an attempt to relieve Pem-
berton at Vicksburg in May, 1863, he saw no active
service until he assumed command of the Army of
Tennessee in December, 1863. He opposed Sher-
man during the Atlanta campaign of 1864, being
superseded by General Hood on July 18th. His
strategy was much criticised at the time, but it is
now recognized that he displayed great ability
during the campaign. In February, 1865, he was
again given command of the Army of Tennessee,

CONFEDERATE
CEXERALS
FULL RANK

BEAURECJARl)
AM)
JOHNSTON

All I lie officors who
held the rank ul' Gen-
eral in the Confed-
erate States Army are
shown here, exeept-
ing Robert E. Lee,
whose ])ortrait has
ali-eady jippearetl in
this V o 1 u me, an d
Albert Sidney John-
ston, whose portrait
appears among those
killed in battle.

Pierre (iiisla\'e Tou-
laiit Beauregard re-
(•i'i\-e(l the Surrender
of the First Federal
Citadel — F ort Sum-
ter; Fought in De-
fense of the Last Con-
federate Citadel — the
City of Petersburg.

Josej)h E g g 1 e s t o n
Johnston commanded
the First and the Last
Great Aggressive
Movements of Con-
federate Armies^ — Bull
Run and Bentonville.

and attempted to prevent Sherman's advance Carolina, April 26, 1865. He was United States
through the Carolinas. Johnston's capitulation commissioner of railroads from 1885 to 1889. He
was agreed upon near Durham's Station, North died in Washington, March 21, 1891.

The Depabtment of the Peninsula was es-
tablished on May 26, 1861, and Colonel John B.
Magruder was put in command. The troops there-
in were organized into divisions in November, and
denominated the Army of the Peninsula. In De-
cember, the aggregate present was about sixteen
thousand. On April 12, 1862, it was merged in
the Army of Northern Virginia — constituting,
under Major-General Magruder, the right wing
of that army.

]\Iajor-General John Bankhead Magruder
(U.S.M.A. 1830) was bom at Winchester, Vir-
ginia, August 15, 1810, and served in the Seminole
and Mexican wars. He was stationed in Washing-
ton in 1861, and resigned in April to enter the
Confederate service as colonel. He had charge of
the artillery in and around Richmond, and after
]May 21st, a division in the Department of the
Peninsula, the troops of which were later desig-

nated the Army of the Peninsula. On June 10th,
his division repelled the attack of Major-General
B. F. Butler at Big Bethel, for which feat he was
made brigadier-general. In October, he was pro-
moted to major-general. Having fortified the Pen-
insula, he kept McClellan's army in check in April,
1862. On April 18th, his forces became the Right
Wing of the Army of Northern Virginia, and he
commanded it during the Peninsula campaign.
Magruder was then appointed to the Trans-Mis-
sissippi Department, in order to prosecute the war
more vigorously in the West, but the assignment
was changed, and in October, 1862, he was given
the District of Texas, which was afterward en-
larged to include New Mexico and Arizona. Ma-
gruder recaptured Galveston, January 1, 1863, and
kept the port open. After the war he served in
the army of Maximilian, and after the fall of the
Mexican empire settled in Houston, Texas, where
he died, February 19, 1871.

Armg 0f tilt Nnrtlitu^Bt

The troops assigned to operate in northwest-
ern Virginia were placed under the command of
Brigadier-General R. S. Garnett on June 8, 1861,
and were subsequently known as the Army of the
Northwest. This was the force that opposed Mc-
Clcllan and Rosecrans in West Virginia, and was
defeated at Rich Mountain and other places. On
July 13th, Garnett was killed while retreating, and
Brigadier-General Henry R. Jackson was put in
connnand, to be superseded, within a week, by Brig-
adier-General W. W. Loring. Early in 1862, dis-
sension arose between Loring and T. J. Jackson,
commanding the Valley District (Department of
Northern Virginia), which led to the latter pre-
ferring charges against the commander of the
Army of the Northwest. As a result, the Secretary
of War, on February 9, 1862, divided the army,
sending some of the regiments to Knoxville, some to
the Aquia District, and the remainder to the Army
of the Potomac (Department of Northern Virginia).
After this, the forces under Brigadier-General Ed-
ward Johnson stationed at Camp Alleghany, and
sometimes called the Army of the Alleghany, con-

tinued to be called the Army of the Northwest. Its
aggregate strength in March, 1862, was about four
thousand. It finally came under Jackson in the
Valley District and passed into the Army of
Northern Virginia.

Brigadier-General Robert Selden Garnett
(U.S.M.A. 1841) was bom in Essex County, Vir-
ginia, December 16, 1819, and served in the Mex-
ican War as aide to General Taylor. At the out-
break of the Civil War he entered the Confederate
service, and in June, 1861, was appointed briga-
dier-general, with command of the Army of the
Northwest. In the action at Carrick's Ford he was
killed, June 13, 1861.

Brigadier-General Henry Rootes Jackson
was born in Athens, Georgia, June 24, 1820, and
became a lawyer. He served in the Mexican War
as colonel of the First Georgia Volunteers, and was
charge d'affaires at Vienna, in 1863. As United
States district attorney for Georgia he aided in
trying slave-trading cases. At the outbreak of the
1

JOHN HELL HOOD EDMUND KIRBY SMITH

To Paraphrase a Classic Eulogy, " None Led with More Glory Skilful and Persistent Fighter Against Odds and Ever
than Hood, yet Many Led and There Was Much Glory." Indomitable in the Face of Reverses in the Field.

BRAXTON BRAGG
Leader in Three of the Fiercest Battles of the War and
Carried the Southern Battle Line to Its Farthest North
in the West; A Record of Four Years in the Field.

SAMUEL COOPER
Ranking Officer of the Army. All Commanding Generals Re-
ported to Cooper and Received All Orders from Him. His
Post and Duties were those of a Modem Cnief of Staff.

CONFEDERATE GENERALS— FULL RANK
HOOD, KIRBY SMITH, BRAGG AND COOPER

[D-IG]

Army 0f tl|r Potnmar

Civil War he entered the Confederate Army as a
brigadier-general, succeeding to temporary com-
mand of the Army of the Northwest after Brigadier-
General Garnett was killed. He resigned his com-
mission because he could not obtain leave of ab-
sence to take charge of the Georgia coast defenses,
to which post he was called by the Governor of
Georgia, who made him a major-general in com-
mand of the State troops. After these became part
of the Confederate army, in 1862, Jackson received
no commission until July, 186-i, when he was as-
signed a brigade in the Army of Tennessee. Dur-
ing the battle of Nashville he was made prisoner
and not released until the close of the war, when
he returned to Savannah to practise law. He was
United States minister to INIexico in 1885, and died
in Savannah, May 23, 1898.

Major-General Wili,iam Wing Loring was
born in Wilmington, North Carolina, December 4,
1818, and served in the Seminole and Mexican
wars. In the latter he lost an arm. Later, he was
colonel of a regiment sent against the Indians in
New Mexico. He resigned from the army to enter
the Confederate service, and came into command

of the Army of the Northwest, July 20, 1861. He
was made major-general in February, 1862. His
chief active service was in Kentucky, and in Mis-
sissippi, before and during the Vicksburg cam-
paign ; in that same State under Polk, and as di-
vision commander in the Army of Mississippi in the
Atlanta campaign, and in the Army of Tennessee
at Franklin and Nashville, and under Johnston in
the Carolinas. After the war he went to Egypt,
where he served as general in command of a division
in the army of the Khedive. He died in New York
city, December 30, 1886.

Major-General Edward Johnson (U.S.M.
A. 1838) was born in Chesterfield County, Vir-
ginia, April 16, 1816, and served in the Mexican
War. He entered the Confederate army and was
made a brigadier-general, commanding the North-
west forces directly under jMajor-General T. J.
Jackson, in May, 1862. The next year (Febru-
ary, 1863), he was made major-general. He had
a division in the Second Corps, Army of Northern
Virginia, and in September, 1864, was assigned to
the division of the Second Corps, Army of Tennes-
see. He died in Richmond, Virginia, March 2,1873.

Armg of '

On May 24, 1861, Brigadier-General M. L.
Bonham was placed in command of the troops on
the line of Alexandria. On the 31st, he was relieved
by Brigadier-General P. G. T. Beauregard. The
forces here gathered were denominated the Army
of the Potomac (afterward First Corps, Army of
the Potomac) and consisted of six brigades, some
unattached troops, and artillery, by the date of
the battle of Bull Run. The Army of the Shenan-
doah joined this force on July 20th, when John-
ston superseded Beauregard. The Department of
Northern Virginia was created October 22, 1861,
with Johnston at its head. It included tlie Dis-
trict of the Potomac (Beauregard) ; Valley Dis-
trict (T. J. Jackson), and Aquia District (T. H.
Holmes.) In February, 1862, some of the troops
in the Army of the Northwest came under John-
ston's control, giving his entire command a strength
of over eighty-two thousand. Beauregard had
been sent to Kentucky on January 29th, and the
troops in the Potomac district were now divided
into four divisions with several separate detach-
ments. On March 14th, the Army of the Potomac
was denominated the Army of Northern Virginia.
The total force then amounted to about fifty-five
thousand.

[2

General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beaure-
gard (U.S.M. A. 1838) was bom near New Or-
leans, May 28, 1818, and entered the Engineer
Corps. He served with distinction in the Mexican
War, and at the outbreak of the Civil War re-
signed his connnission (February 20, 1861), to
enter the Confederate army as a brigadier-general,
being given command of the Confederate forces
bombarding Fort Sumter. He took command of
the Army of the Potomac on June 20th. After Bull
Run he was made general. He was given the com-
mand of the Army of the Mississippi in March,
1862, and was second in command after A. S.
Johnston joined his forces with it. After the lat-
tcr's death at Shiloh, Beauregard remained at tlic
head of the army until after the withdrawal from
Corinth at the end of May. In 1863, he defended
Charleston, and after May, 1G64, cooperated with
Lee in the defense of Petersburg and Richmond.
He commanded the Confederate forces in the Car-
olinas in 1866, merging them with those under
General J. E. Johnston, and surrendered his army
to Sherman. After the war, he was a railroad pres-
ident, adjutant-general of Louisiana, and manager
of the State lottery. He died in New Orleans, Feb-
ruary 20, 1893.
]

RICHARD STODDERT EWKLL JAMES L()N(;STJ{EET

A Rattle Record frotn July H, 1861, to April C, 1.SG5. None Knew Better than Longstreet's Opponents How and

Fought Nearly Three Years on a Wooden Leg. Where He Earned the Sobriquet "Lee s Warhorse. "

JURAL ANDERSON EARLY DANIEL HARVEY HILL

Modest in Victory, Undaunted by Defeat, He Defended the Had No Superior as the Marshal of a Division in
Shenandoah Against Enormous Odds. Assault or Defense.

LIEUTENANT-GENERALS OF THE CONFEDERACY— GROUP No. 1

On this and the two pages following appear portraits of all officers who held the rank of Lieutenant-
General in the Confederate States Army, with the exception of " Stonewall " Jackson and
A. P. Hill, whose portraits have appeared among the general officers killed in battle.

Armg nf Nnrtli^rn TItrgtma

Generai. J, E. Johnston was wounded attSeven
Pines, May 31, 1862, and Major-General G.
W. Smith took command of the Army of Nortli-
ern Virginia. On June 1st, General Robert E. Lee
assumed command. In April, the forces on tlie
Peninsula had been included in this army, and
now the troops in eastern Virginia and North Car-
olina were made part of it. By the end of July,
1862, the division organization had been further
concentrated into three commands, or corps,
headed by Major-Generals T. J. Jackson, James
Longstrcct, and D. H. Hill, with cavalry under
Brigadier-General J. E. B. Stuart, and artillery
under Brigadier-General W. N. Pendleton. There
was an aggregate present of about ninety-five thou-
sand. Subsequently, the army took a more per-
manent form in two corps commanded by Jackson
and Longstreet, with cavalry corps and artillery
separate. Lieutenant-General A. P. Hill was given
the Second Corps after Jackson's death, and on

May 30, 1863, this was divided, with additions
from the First Corps, into tlie Second and Third
corps, connnandcd by Lieutcnant-Generals R. S.
Ewell and A. P. Hill respectively. The army
numbered about seventy thousand in the Gettys-
burg campaign. This organization of the main
body of the army continued throughout the war,
although other generals, for various reasons, com-
manded the corps from time to time. A new
corps of North Carolina and Virginia troops under
Lieutenant-General R. H. Anderson was added at
the end of 1864. Longstreet's corps, with the ex-
ception of Pickett's division, was with the Army
of Tennessee, and in eastern Tennessee, for a short
period in 1863 and 1864, at and after the battle
of Chickamauga. The last report of the army,
February, 1865, showed an aggregate present of
over seventy-three thousand. The Army of North-
ern Virginia laid down its anns at Appomattox
Court House, April 9, 1865.

3fftr0t QlnrpB — Armg

The organization of the volunteer Confeder-
ate forces under Brigadier-General Beauregard
into the First Corps, Army of the Potomac, was
announced on June 20, 1861. There were then
six brigades, which number was increased later to
eight. The strength of the corps was about thirty
thousand. A division organization was afterward
adopted, and one of these divisions, commanded by
Major-General Longstreet, was denominated the
Center of Position, Army of Northern Virginia, at
the opening of the Peninsula campaign. It con-
tained about fourteen thousand men. As the Sec-
ond Division (or Corps) of the army, the troops
fought from Fair Oaks, where they were known as
the Right Wing, through tlie Seven Days' battles.
Toward the end of July, the army was further con-
centrated into commands of Avhich one, consisting
of six divisions, was headed by Longstreet, and
this, during the campaign against Pope, was called
the Right Wing or Longstreet's Corps. After
the battle of Antietam, the corps was desig-
nated the First Corps, Army of Northern Vir-
ginia. In September, 1863, Lee sent the
corps, with the exception of Pickett's division,
to assist Bragg, and, as Longstreet's Corps, fought
in the Army of Tennessee at Chickamauga and
remained in East Tennessee until April, 1864,
when it rejoined the Army of Virginia. Major-

[

0f Nortli^rn Utrgtma

General R. H. Anderson succeeded to the command
of the corps after Longstreet was Mounded at the
battle of the Wilderness, May 6th. The latter re-
turned to his corps, October 19th, and continued
at the head until the surrender at Appomattox.

Lieutenant-General James Longstreet (U.
S.M.A. 1842) was born in Edgefield District,
South Carolina, January 8, 1821, and served in the
INIexican War, where he was scverel}'^ wounded. In
June, 1861, he resigned as major in the army and
was appointed brigadier-general in the Confeder-
ate service. As major-general, he had a division,
and, later, as lieutenant-general, the First Corps
of the Army of Northern Virginia. In September,

1863, he was sent with part of his corps to Ten-
nessee and took command of the left wing at the
battle of Chickamauga. He was then placed at the
head of the Department of East Tennessee and re-
turned to Virginia in April, 1864. He was severely
wounded at the battle of the Wilderness, May 6,

1864, but resumed command of the corps in Octo-
ber. After the war, he engaged in business in New
Orleans and held several political offices. In 1880-
81 he was American minister to Turkey, and in
1898 he was appointed United States railway com-
missioner. He died at Gainesville, Georgia, Jan-
uary 2, 1904.

16]

Wade Hampton Fought from Bull Richard Henry Anderson Com- John Brown Gordon. This In-
Run to Bentonville. WithJ.E. B. manded a Brigade on the Pen- trepid Leader of Forlorn Hope
Stuart's Cavalry he "Stood in the insula; Later He Commanded a Assaults Rose from a Civilian
Way" of Sheridan at Trevilian Division and, after the Wilder- Captain to the Second Highest
Station in ISfii. ness, Longstreet's Corps. Rank in the Army.

Leonidas Polk, Bishop and Soldier William Joseph Hardee, On the Stephen Dill Lee Fought in Five

Both, to the End; He Fell on Front Line for Four Years; Last States; with Beauregard at Charles-

the Battlefield of Pine Mountain Commander of the Defense of ton, April, 1801, and with Hood at
in the Defense of .\tlanta. Charleston and Savannah. Nashville, December, 180-1.

LIEUTENANT-GENERALS OF THE CONFEDERACY— GROUP No. 2

#^ronh (EnrjiB — Armg of Nortlj^ru Utrgtnia

On Septembek 25, 1861, IVIajor-Gencral G. W.
Smith was assigned to the command of the Second
Corps, Army of the Potomac, which was organized
to consist of all the troops not hitherto assigned
to the First Corps. After Octoher 22d, the force
was known as the Second Division and contained
five brigades. It numbered almost twenty thou-
sand men, and passed into the Reserve, Second Di-
vision, and D. H. Hill's Division of the Army of
Northern Virginia. IMost of these troops finally
came under the command of Lieutenant-General T.
J. Jackson and became known as the Second Corps
of the Army of Northern Virginia, after the battle
of Antietam. After Jackson's death, Lieutenant-
General R. S. Kwell succeeded to the corps, after
it had been temporarily headed by Stuart and A.
P. Hill. On May 30, 1863, two divisions were
detached to enter the Third Army Corps. The
corps was commanded by Lieutenant-General J. A.
Early in the Shenandoah campaign of 1861, and in
the closing months of the war around Petersburg,
by Lieutenant-General John B. Gordon.

Major-General Gustavus Woodson Smith
(U.S.M.A. 1842) was born in Georgetown, Ken-
tucky, January 1, 1822, and served in the Mexican
War. He resigned from the army in 1851< to enter
upon a Cuban expedition under Quitman, and
afterward settled in New York City. At the out-
break of the Civil War he joined the Confederate
forces at New Orleans, under IjOvcII. In Septem-
ber, 1861, he was appointed major-general and was
given command of the Second Corps, Army of the
Potomac, which was continued in the Army of
Northern Virginia, until INIarch 23, 1862, when he
was put at the head of the Reserves. After John-
ston was wounded at Fair Oaks, IVIay 31st, Major-
General Smith, who was leading the left wing, took
command of the whole army, but was stricken by
illness the following day and was succeeded by Gen-
eral Lee. In August, he took charge of the de-
fenses of Richmond and was acting Secretary of
War in November. In February, 1863, he resigned
from the service, and on Jime 1, 186-i, took com-
mand of the Georgia jNIilitia. He was captured
bv IMajor-General J. H. Wilson at Marion in
April, 1865. He died in New York, June 24, 1896.

Lieutenant-General Richard Stoddert
EwELL (U.S.M.A. 1840) was born in Georgetown,
District of Cohnnbia, February 8, 1817, and served
with distinction in the Mexican War. He joined
the Confederate army in 1861, and was made ma-
jor-general the following year. He fought as bri-

I

gade and division commander with the Army of
Northern Virginia, and was given command of
the Second Corps after the death of Lieutenant-
General T. J. Jackson, being made lieutenant-
general in ^lay, 1863. He was prominent in
all its battles, and at Groveton he lost a leg.
After June, 1864, when his corps was sent to the
Shenandoah valley under Lieutenant-General J.
A. Early, he was in command of the defenses of
Richmond until the evacuation of that city. He
died at Spring Hill, Tennessee, January 25, 1872.

Lieutenant-General Jubal Anderson Early
(LT.S.M.A. 1837) was born in Franklin County,
Virginia, November 3, 1816, and served in the
Seminole War of 1837, after which he resigned to
take up the practice of law. In the Mexican War,
he served as major of Virginia volunteers, and at
the outbreak of the Civil War he entered the Con-
federate army as colonel, rising to the rank of lieu-
tenant-general in May, 1864. He commanded a
brigade at Bull Run, Avas wounded at Williams-
burg, and had a division at Antietam and after-
ward. He had temporary command of both the
Second and Third corps. Army of Northern Vir-
ginia, during the Wilderness campaign, and in
June, 1864, was sent with the Second Army Corps
to the Shenandoah valley, whence he made his way
to Washington and attacked the city on July 12th.
His forces were finally routed at Cedar Creek, Oc-
tober 19th, by Sheridan. He was relieved of the
command of the Trans-Alleghany Department in
March, 1865, after a defeat by Custer. After the
war he practised law. He refused to take the oath
of allegiance to the United States, and died in
Lynchburg, Virginia, March 2, 1894. He is recog-
nized as one of the ablest of the Confederate gen-
erals.

Lieutenant-General John Brown Gordon
was bom in LTpson County, Georgia, February 6,
1832. He became a lawyer, but entered the Con-
federate serA'ice as lieutenant-colonel of an Ala-
bama regiment, and rose to the rank of lieu-
tenant-general before the close of the war. He was
brigade and division commander in the Anny of
Northern ^'irginia, and was prominent in the Sec-
ond Army Corps during Early's campaign in the
Shenandoah valley. He was at the head of the
Second Corps after January 31, 1865, and was in
command of the left wing at the time of Lee's
surrender. After the war, he became prominent in
Georgia politics and was United States senator
from that State, 1873-1880, and in 1891-1897.
i]

ALEXANDER PETER STEWART NATHAN BEDFORD FORREST JOSEPH WHEELER

A Leader in Every Great Campaign The American Miirat and the King Masterful as Well as Indefatigable
from Shiloh to Bentonville. of Mounted Raiders. and Indomitable Leader of Cavalry.

LIEUTENANT-GENERALS OF THE CONFEDERACY— GROITP No. 3

SLMOX HOLIVAK
BUCKNER

Defender of His Native Ken-
tucky in 1861 and in 1805;
Led a Corps to Victory
at Chickamauga.

RI( HARD
TAYLOR

Skillful Defender of the
Trans-Mississippi
Territory.

THKOPHILLS HUN TER
HOLMES

Defender of the James River
in 1862 and Arkansas
in 1863.

JOHN CLH'FOHD
PEMBERTON

Baffled the Assailants of
Vicksburg Through Three
Campaigns, Yielding to
only Heavy Odds.

QII)irb (Eor^is — Armg of Nnrtl^pnt Hirginta

From 1887 to 1890, he was governor of Georgia. crate Vctci-ans after 1900. He died at Miami,
He was commander-in-chief of the United Confed- Florida, January 9, 190-i.

®l|tr& OInrpH — Armij of Jfortlj^rn Utrgtnta

Created from three divisions of the First and
Second corps, Army of Northern Virginia, on iNIay
30, 1863, and put under the connnand of Lieu-
tcnant-General A. P. HilL Its first battle was
Gettysburg. Hill was killed in front of Peters-
burg, April 2, 1865, and the corps was united with
the First until the surrender at Appomattox.

Lieutenant-General Ambrose Powell Hill
(U.S.M.A. 181)7) was born in Culpeper County,

Virginia, November 9, 1825, and served in the
^Mexican and Seminole wars. In 1861, he resigned
from the army to enter the Confederate volunteers.
He was appointed brigadier-general February 26,
1862, major-general in the following May and
was one of the most efficient officers in the Confed-
erate army, and rose to the connnand of the Third
Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, when it was
created in INIay, 1863, being made lieutenant-gen-
eral at the same time. He was killed April 2, 1865.

Organized late in 1864* to consist of the divi-
sions of Major-Generals R. F. Hoke and Bushrod
R. Johnson, and a battalion of artillery under Col-
onel H. P. Jones. It contained an aggregate
strength of about fourteen thousand. Hoke's di-
vision served with the First Army Corps and was
sent to Wilmington, North Carolina, on Decem-
ber, 20, 1861<. Johnson's division remained with
tile Army of Northern Virginia until the surrender
at Appomattox.

Lieutenant-General Richard Herron An-
derson (U.S.M.A. 1842) was born in South Car-
olina, October 27, 1821, and served with dis-
tinction in the Mexican War. He resigned from
the army in ]\Iarch, 1861, to enter the Confeder-
ate service. As colonel, he commanded the First
South Carolina Infantry in the attack on Fort
Sumter, and became brigadier-general in July,
1861. He destroyed a Union camp near Pensa-
cola, in October, and in February', 1862, was as-

signed to a brigade in Longstreet's Division in the
Department of Northern Virginia. This he led
with great distinction through the Peninsula
campaign, being made major-general in July,
1862. He liad a division in the First Corps,
Army of Northern Virginia, at Second Bull Run
and after. At Antietam, he was severely wounded,
but he fought at Fredericksburg and Chancellors-
ville, and at Gettysburg he was in the Tliird Army
Corps. After the wounding of Longstreet, in the
battle of the Wilderness, Anderson was given com-
mand of the First Army Corps, receiving the ap-
pointment of lieutenant-general on June 1, 1864.
In August, he was sent with an infantry division,
one of cavalry, and a battalion of artillery to the
assistance of Lieutenant-General Early in the
Shenandoah, remaining there about a month.
After the return of Longstreet to his corps, An-
derson's Corps, consisting of two divisions, was
organized, with Lieutenant-General Anderson at its
head. He died at Beaufort, South Carolina, June
26, 1879.

Olciualrjj (HarpB — Armg of Nortl|mt Btrgtuta

The various troops of cavalry in this army visions and the organization was known as the
were finally gathered into a division of several bri- Cavalry Corps. After the death of Major-Gen-
gades under the command of Brigadier-General J. eral J. E. B. Stuart, May, 1864, ]\lajor-Gencral
E.B.Stuart. By the date of the battle of Gettys- (later Lieutenant-General) Wade Hampton took
burg, July, 1863, the cavalry was organized in di- command. Major-General Fitzhugh Lee also

[2501

(iiistaviis Woodson Smith, Defender
of Yorktown and Richmond.

Jolin Bankliead Magruder, Defender
of the Virginia Peninsula in 1861.

William Wing Luring, with Robert
E. Lee in West Virginia in lS(il.

Samuel Jones, ( 'omnuindcr Florida,
Georgia and South Carolina.

Sterling Price Fought on Bolli Sides Benjamin Franklin Cheatham, Brigade,
of the Mississippi River. Division and Corps Commander.

Dahnty llcrndon Maury, Defender
of the Lower Mississippi in 1862-4.

CONFEDERATE
MAJOR-GENERALS

John C.ihcl !{i-cckinri(lg<'. I )( fi-n(lrr of
the Alississippi in 180L

CONSPICUOUS AS COMMANDERS
OF ARMIES OR ARMY CORPS

Earl Van Dorn, a Daring and Resourceful
Army Commander.

commanded several divisions at one time and was
in command of the corps at Appomattox.

Major-General James Ewell Brown Stu-
art (U.S.M.A. 1854) was born in Patrick Coun-
ty, A'irginia, February 6, 1833, and entered the
Cavah'y Corps of the United States army, serv-
ing in Kansas and against the Cheyenne Indians.
He resigned his commission as captain in the army
in i\Iay, 1861, to enter the Confederate service, as
colonel of the First Virginia Cavalry, with which
he fought under Johnston at Bull Run. He was
made brigadier-general in September and major-
general the following July. He had a brigade,
and a division, and was placed at the head of the
Cavalry Corps, Army of Northern Virginia, when
it was organized, in the summer of 1863. Stuart
proved himself to be a great cavalry leader, and
his exploits won him much renown. Among his
famous deeds were the ride around McClellan's
army in June, 1862; the dash on Pope's headquar-
ters at Catlett's Station, Virginia, and the raid on
Manassas Junction in August ; the expedition into
Pennsylvania after Antietam, and the cooperation
with Jackson at Chanccllorsville. After the
wounding of Jackson in that battle, he had tem-
porary command of the Second Corps, Army of
Northern Virginia. In the Wilderness campaign
of 1864, he was very active, but was mortally
wounded in an encounter with Sheridan's cavalry
at Yellow Tavern. He died May 12, 1864.

Lieutenant-General Wade Hampton was
born in Charleston, South Carolina, March 28,
1818. He was one of the largest slave-owners in
the South. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he
raised and equipped, in part, Hampton's South
Carolina Legion, of which he was colonel. He was
wounded at Fair Oaks, as brigadier-general at the
head of a brigade, and thrice at Gettysburg,
where he commanded a cavalry brigade. In Au-
gust, 1863, he was made major-general with a di-

vision in the cavalry, and after the death of Stu-
art, he became head of the Cavalry Corps, Army of
Nortliem ^"irginia. He made a famous raid on
General Grant's commissariat, capturing some
twenty-five hundred head of cattle. In February,
1865, he was marie lieutenant-general, and com-
manded the cavalry in tlie Army of Tennessee, as
well as a division of that of the Army of North-
ern V irginia. After the war, he strongly advocated
the policy of conciliation. In 1876, he was gov-
ernor of South Carolina; from 1878 to 1891,
United States senator, and from 1893 to 1897,
United States commissioner of railroads. He
died in Columbia, South Carolina, April 11, 1902.

Major-General Fitzhugh Lee (U.S.M.A.
1856) was born in Clermont, Virginia, November
19, 1835. He served against the Indians, and was
cavalry instructor at West Point until he re-
signed his commission in May, 1861, to enter the
Confederate service, becoming adjutant-general
in E well's brigade. He was made major-general
September 3, 1863. He had a brigade and divi-
sion in the cavalry of the Army of Northern Vir-
ginia through all its campaigns, including that of
Earl}' in the Shenandoah in 1864, where he was
Mounded at the Opequon. He was in command of
the Cavalry Corps, Army of Northern Virginia,
from March, 1865, until the surrender, replacing
Wade Hampton, who went to the Army of Ten-
nessee. From 1886 to 1890 he was governor of
Virginia, and, under appointment of President
Cleveland, consul-general at Havana from 1896
to the outbreak of the Spanish-American War.
President JNIcKinley appointed him major-general
of volunteers in 1898 and placed him at the head
of the Seventh Army Corps. He was made mili-
tary governor of Havana in 1899. Later, he com-
manded the Department of the Missouri. He re-
ceived the rank of brigadier-general in February,
1901, and was retired the following month. He
died in Washington, April 28, 1905.

Armij of iKauaml|a

The Confederate forces assigned to operate
in the Kanawha valley, West Virginia, were placed
under the command of Brigadier-General John B.
Floyd on August 11, 1861, and denominated the
Army of the Kanawha. This force and one under
Brigadier-General Henry A. Wise were its chief
constituents. The troops took part in the en-

gagement at Carnifcx Ferry. The strength of the
conmiand was about thirty-five hundred. Some of
the troops were sent with Floyd to the Central
Army of Kentucky, early in 1862, and formed one
of its divisions. Several of the regiments were cap-
tured at Fort Donelson when this post capitulated
to General Grant.

[252]

Juint's T. Hollzclaw Led a Brigade
of Alabamians.

JoiiiLs M. Withers, Originally Colonel
of the 3d Infantry.

John H. Kelly, a Gallant Boy
General.

CONFEDERATE

GENERALS
No. 1— ALABAMA

This is the first of 25 groups
(-inbracing representative gen-
eral officers of 1-1 States. On
preceding pages of this volume
appear portraits of all generab
and lieutenant-generals, all
generals killed in battle, also
commanders of armies and
army corps. Many appear in
preceding volumes of this His-
tory as identified with particu-
lar events or special branches
of the service, as cavalry and
artillery. Information concern-
ing every general officer may
be found through the roster and
index concluding this volume.

Cullen A. Battle Led a Brigade in
\'irginia.

Edmund W. Pettus Became a Noted
United States Senator.

James H. Clanton Led a Cav-
alry Brigade in Mississippi.

Charles M. Shelley Led
a Brigade with Stewart.

Philip D. Roddey, Conspic-
uous Cavalrv Leader.

Henry De Lamar Clayton,
Originally Colonel of Infantry.

Brigadier-General John Buchanan Floyd
was born at Blacksburg, Virginia, June 1, 1807,
and became a lawyer, practising in Arkansas and
Virginia. He entered politics, and served in the
Virginia legislature, and as governor of the State in
1850. He was Secretary of War in the Buchanan
cabinet, where owing to his administrative methods
he was requested to resign in 1860. At the opening
of the Civil War he entered the Confederate army
and was appointed brigadier-general in May, 1861.

He headed the force known as the Army of the Kan-
awha, and in February, 1862, was in command of
Fort Donelson, Tennessee. He and Brigadier-Gen-
eral Gideon J. Pillow fled therefrom the night before
the capitulation, leaving Brigadier-General Simon
Bolivar Buckner to conduct the negotiations and
surrender to General Grant. For this General Floyd
was relieved of his command. In November, 1862,
he was in connnand of the \'irginia State Line,
and died at Abingdon, Virginia, August 26, 1863.

A TITLE applied to the troops under Brigadier-
General Humphrey Marshall, consisting of the
militia of Wise, Scott and Lee counties, in 1861.
It was a small force of about fifteen hundred men,
and was scattered by Federal troops under Briga-
dier-General James A. Garfield. Its chief action
was at Pound Gap, March 16, 1862.

Brigadier - General Humphrey Marshall
(U.S.M.A. 1882) was bom in Frankfort, Ken-
tucky, January 13, 1812. He resigned from the
army the year after his graduation and became a
lawyer. He went to the Mexican War as colonel of

cavalry, and led a charge at Buena Vista. In 184<9,
he became a member of Congress, and, after being
commissioner to China in 1852, served again until
1859. He entered the Confederate service, being
made brigadier-general in October, 1861. At the
head of a small force, sometimes called the Army
of Eastern Kentucky, he undertook the conquest
of that region, but was driven from it by Brigadier-
General James A. Garfield in March, 1862. After
this, he had several commands in Virginia and re-
signed from the service in June, 1863. He re-
sumed his practice of law and was elected member
of the Confederate Congress from Kentucky. He
died in Louisville, March 28, 1872.

Organized December 14, 1861, to embrace all
the forces on the Rio Grande above Fort Quit-
man, and those in the territories of New Mexico
and Arizona. Its main object was the conquest of
California. Brigadier-General H. H. Sibley was
placed in command. He had about thirty-seven
hundred men. His troops won the battle of Val-
verde, occupied Santa Fe and fought at Glorieta
(or Apache Canon). The army was forced to re-
treat into Texas, in April, 1862, by Federal
troops under Colonel E. R. S. Canby. Sibley
was relieved of the command in December, 1862.

Brigadier-General Henry Hopkins Sibley
(U.S.M.A. 1838) was born at Natchitoches, Louis-

iana, May 23, 1816, and served in the Seminole and
Mexican wars. He was the inventor of the famous
Sibley tent. The outbreak of the Civil War found
him on an Indian campaign in New Mexico, serv-
ing as a major of dragoons, but he accepted a com-
mission as brigadier-general in the Confederate
army and became commander of the Army of New
INIexico. After his repulse at Glorieta, ]\Iarch 28,
1862, he was driven back into Texas. He con-
tinued his service at the head of various commands
in Louisiana, south of the Red River. After the
war he entered the service of the Khedive of
Egypt, where he was, from 1869 to 1873, engaged
in building coast and river defenses. He died at
Fredericksburg, Virginia, August 23, 1886.

At the beginning of the war, the Louisiana Brigadier-General Paul Octave Hebert
State troops, commanded by Major-General Brax- (U.S.M.A. 1840) was born in Bayou Goula, Her-
ton Bragg and later by Colonel P. O. Hebert, were ville Parish, Louisiana, November 12, 1818. He
sometimes designated the Army of Louisiana. resigned from the army in 1845, reentering as

[254J

Young M. Moody, Commaml-
er of the District
of Florida.

Isham W. Garrett, Original William F.Perry Led a Noted William H. Forney Led an
Colonel of 20th Brigade under Alabama Brigade in

Regiment. Longstreet. Hill's Corps.

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS

No. 2
ALABAMA

William W. Allen Led a Cavalry
Division in Wheeler's Corps.

John H. Forney, One of the Defenders
of Vicksburg in 1863.

LeRoy P. Walker, First Sterling A. M. Wood Led James Cantey Commanded Zachary C. Deas Led a Bri-
Confederate Secretary a Brigade at Chicka- the Garrison at gade of Alabamians in

of War. mauga. Mobile. Tennessee.

Armg of p^itaarola

lieutenant-colonel in the Mexican War, where he
received the brevet of colonel for his gallant con-
duct at Molino del Rey. While governor of Louisi-
ana, 1853 to 1856, he appointed his classmate, W.
T. Sherman, to the head of the Louisiana Mili-
tary Academy. When the Civil War broke out he
succeeded Bragg in command of the Confederate

forces in Louisiana, and was appointed brigadier-
general August 17, 1861. He was in special com-
mand of the defenses of New Orleans. Later, he
commanded in turn the Department and District
of Texas in the Trans-Mississippi. After the war
he became state engineer of Louisiana. He died
in New Orleans, August 29, 1880.

The forces at or near Pensacola, Florida, un-
der Major-General Braxton Bragg, were desig-
nated the Army of Pensacola on October 22, 1861.
Brigadier-General A. H. Gladden had temporary
command in December, and Brigadier-General
Samuel Jones took charge on January 27, 1862.
The force then numbered eighty-one hundred men,
divided among regiments from Alabama, Florida,
Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi. On March
13th, the army was discontinued, the regiments
entering the Army of the Mississippi or assigned
for duty elsewhere. Pensacola was evacuated by
the Confederate troops on the 9th of May.

Brigadier-General Adley H. Gladden was
born in South Carolina. He entered the Confed-
erate army and was appointed a brigadier-general
from Louisiana in September, 1861. He had a
brigade at Pensacola, and was in temporary com-
mand of the Army of Pensacola in December,
1861, and was given command of a brigade in the
Second Corps, Army of the Mississippi. He was
mortally wounded at Shiloh April 6, 1862.

Major-General Samuel Jones (U.S.M.A.
181-1) was born in Virginia, in 1820, and resigned
his commission of captain in April, 1861, to en-
ter the Confederate service. He was made major
of artillery. He was acting adjutant-general of
tlie Virginia forces in May and chief of artillery
and ordnance in the Army of tlie Potomac from
]\lay to July, 1861. Appointed brigadier-gen-
eral after the battle of Bull Hun, he was as-
signed to the Army of Pensacola, in January,
1862, and the following month to the head of the
Department of Alabama and West Florida. In
April, lie was given a division in the Army of the
West, and in June, after having been appointed
major-general in IVIay, he was put at the head of
a division in the Second Corps, Army of the Mis-
sissippi. After September, 1862, he commanded
various departments in Tennessee and Virginia,
being placed at the head of the Department of
South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, in April,
186-i. At the close of the war he was in charge of
the Department of Florida and South Georgia.
He died in Washington, D. C, April 1, 1887.

Armjj nf iKnhtb

On January 27, 1862, the command of Briga-
dier-General Jones M. Withers, consisting of Ala-
bama troops in and around the city of Mobile, was
designated the Army of Mobile. Its strength was
about ten thousand. It was subsequently com-
manded by Colonel J. B. Villepigue, temporarily,
and Brigadier-General Samuel Jones, after March
15th. Many of the regiments entered the Army of
the Mississippi and fought at Shiloh under With-
ers. More regiments were sent to that army, and
on June 27, the Army of Mobile was discontinued.

Major-General Jones Mitchell Withers
(U.S.M.A. 1835) was born in Madison County,

[«56

Alabama, January 12, 1814, and resigned
from the army in 184<8. He entered the Con-
federate service and received an appointment as
brigadier-general in July, 1861. He was pro-
moted to major-general after the battle of Shiloh.
From January 27th to February 28, 1862, he
was in command of the Army of Mobile. He then
had a division in the Second Corps, Army of the
Mississippi, and also tlic Reserve Corps for a
time, and passed into the Riglit Wing and Polk's
Corps, Anny of Tennessee. He resigned his com-
mission July 13, 1863, but his rank was restored
within a few days, after which he assumed various
commands in Alabama. He surrendered at Merid-

Thomas ( hurcliill ( Oiiiinanded a
Division in tho Army of the West;
Defender of Aricansas and Red
River Region.

Thomas ('. Hindman Commanded
the Trans-Mississippi District in
1803; Led Troops at Shiloh
and Chickamauga.

John F. Fagan, Originally Colonel of
the 1st Arkansas Infantry; Con-
spicuous in the Attack on
Helena, July 4, 1863.

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS

No. 3
ARKANSAS

Lucius E. Polk, Leader of a Charge at
Murfreesboro.

Albert Pike, Commander of Indian Troops
at Pea Ridge.

Albert Rust Led a Brigade
in the Army of the
West.

James C. Tappan Led a
Brigade West of the
Mississippi.

William L. Cabell Led a
Brigade of Arkansas
Cavalry.

John S. Roane, in Com-
mission at Little
Rock, Ark.

OIr«tral Arm^ of Kpntiurk^

ian, Mississippi, May 11, 1865, and died March
13, 1890.

Brigadier-General John Bordenave Ville-
PiGUE (U.S.M.A. 1854) was born in Camden,
South Carolina, July 2, 1830, and resigned from
the army in March, 1861, to enter the Confederate
service. As colonel, he was temporarily in com-
mand of the Army of Mobile. He was appointed

brigadier-general, INIarch 18, 1862. He was in
conmiand at Fort Pillow at tlie time of Flag-
Officer Davis's attack, INlay-June, 1862, and com-
manded a brigade at the battle of Corinth, Octo-
ber 4th. He died at Port Hudson, Louisiana,
November 9, 1862, as the result of illness. Ville-
pigue was considered one of the most promising
young officers in the Confederate service, and his
untimely death was greatly deplored.

Olrntral Army of K^uturkij

Brigadier-General S. B. Buckneb assumed
command of the forces in central Kentucky, Sep-
tember, 1861, and he was followed October 28th,
by General Albert Sidney Johnston. The troops
were organized in two divisions with a reserve, and
a third division, under Brigadier-General John B.
Floyd, was added later on. ]\Iajor-Gencral Har-
dee had temporary command, December, 1861-
February, 1862. On March 29, 1862, the Central
Army of Kentucky, whose strength was about
twenty-three thousand, was consolidated with the
Army of the Mississippi, under the latter designa-
tion, with General Johnston in command and Gen-
eral P. G. T. Beauregard second.

Lieutenant-General, Simon Bolivar Buck-
NER (U.S.M.A. 1841) was born in Kentucky, April
1, 1823. He served in the Mexican War and

tauglit at West Point. He resigned from the army
in 1855, and returned to Kentucky to practise law.
He entered the Confederate service in September,
1861, taking command in central Kentucky. He
commanded a division of the Central Army of
Kentucky at Bowling Green and at Fort Donel-
son. On February 16, 1862, he surrendered the
fort and garrison of Fort Donelson and was sent
to Fort Warren as a prisoner of war, being ex-
changed in August. He was then made major-
general and had a division in Bragg's army and
was given a temporary corps at Chickamauga.
He was made lieutenant-general in September,
1864, and was commander in several districts of
the Trans-Mississippi Department. He was elect-
ed governor of Kentucky in 1887, and in 1896 was
the candidate of the Gold Democrats for Vice-
President.

Armjj of East Q^nnxtB^n — Armg of Kruturkg

In February, 1862, Major-General E. Kirby
Smith was sent to Knoxville to assume command
of the troops in East Tennessee. With the army
thus organized, it was intended to create a diversion
in favor of General A. S. Johnston's operations
wfth the Army of the ]\Iississippi. The Army of
East Tennessee was engaged in many minor en-
gagements. On August 25th, the organization was
designated the Army of Kentucky and was com-
posed of three divisions. It led the advance in
Bragg's invasion of Kentucky and was successful
at the battle of Richmond, August 30th, raising
great hopes for the Confederate conquest of Ken-
tucky. On November 20, 1862, the Army of
Kentucky was merged as Smith's Corps in the
Army of Tennessee.

General Edmund Kirby Smith (U.S.M.A.

1845) was born in St. Augustine, Florida, May
16, 1824, and served in the Mexican War, after
Avhich he was professor of mathematics at West
Point. In April, 1861, he resigned his commission
as captain to join the Confederates, becoming a
brigadier-general in June. He was chief-of-staff
to and had a brigade under General Joseph E.
Johnston. He was seriously wounded at Bull Run.
Early in 1862, as major-general, he was placed in
command of the Army of East Tennessee (after-
ward Kentucky). In October of the same year he
was made lieutenant-general and continued in the
Department of East Tennessee. He was made gen-
eral, and assumed command of the Trans-Missis-
sippi Depai'tment in February, 1863. He sur-
rendered his troops to IMajor-General Canby at
Baton Rouge, May 26, 1865, having, the year be-
fore, defeated Major-General Banks in the Red

[258]

William N. R. Beall, District Com-
mander in Mississippi and
Louisiana.

Dandridge McRae Led a Brigade Alexander T. Hawthorne Led a IJri-
in Battles West of the gade in the Army of the

Mississippi. Mississippi.

Daniel H. Reynolds Fought with
Hood at Nashville.

Daniel C. Govan Commanded a
Noted Brigade.

Evander McNair, Important Leader
in the Army of Tennessee.

CONFEDERATE GENERALS
No. 4
ARKANSAS

Thomas P. Dockery Led a Cav-
alry Brigade.

Frank C. Armstrong, Brilliant Cav-
alry Commander.

Armg of tijp iHtaaiBBiji^jt

River campaign. After tlie war, lie devoted him- and later professor of mathematics at the Uni-
self largely to education, becoming chancellor of versity of the South. He died in Sewanee, Ten-
the University of Nashville from 1870 to 1875, nessee, March ^8, 1893.

Armg 0f tl|^ lEtaHtfiHtppt

From troops in the Western Department ( De-
partment No. 2) was created the Army of the INIis-
sissippi on March 5, 1862, and to General P. G.
T. Beauregard was given the connnand. The army
was divided into two corps headed by Major-Gen-
erals Leonidas Polk and Braxton Bragg. On
March 29th, the army was joined to the Central
Army of Kentucky with its three divisions, reserve
corps, and cavalry. General A. S. Johnston, of
the latter, took command of the Army of the Mis-
sissippi, that name having been preserved. Bcaure-
gai'd was second in connnand. The whole body was
gathered at Corinth (except a force at Fort Pil-
low) in three corps, a reserve corps, and cavalry,
and this was the organization that fought at Shi-
loh, when its strength was about forty thousand.
The death of General Johnston placed the chief
command upon General Beauregard, who was re-
lieved June 27, 1862, by Major-Gcneral Hardee,
and he, on August 15th, by Major-General Bragg.
The army was transferred to Chattanooga in July.
Major-General Polk had temporary command
from September 28th to November 7, 1862, when,
on the return of Bragg, the organization was called
the Army of Tennessee.

Genp;ral Albert Sidney Johnston (U.S.M.
A. 1826) was born in Wasliington, Mason County,

Kentucky, February 3, 1803. He served in the
Black Hawk War and resigned his commission in
183-i. Two years later, he entered the army of
the Texan Republic as a private, soon becoming
a brigadier-general, and in 1838 was conunander-
in-chief of the army of Texas and Secretary of
War. Later, he reentered the United States
Army and served in the ]\Iexican War with
distinction. As colonel, he conducted an ex-
pedition against the Mormons in Utah in
1857, which won him a brevet of brigadier-gen-
eral. He remained in connnand in Utah until Feb-
ruary, 1860. At the outbreak of the Civil War,
lie was in command of the Department of the
Pacific, but, by reason of his Southern sympathies,
he resigned his commission to enter the Confeder-
ate service with the rank of general. He assumed
command of Department No. 2, or Western De-
partment, on September 15, 1861. In October he
took immediate control of the Central Army of ;
Kentucky, holding the line of Bowling Green, Ken-
tucky, until February, 1862, against vastly supe- j
rior numbers. On March 29, 1862, this army
united with the Army of the Mississippi and Johns-
ton took command of the new organization. He
was killed on the battlefield of Shiloli, April 6,
1862, and his death was a stunning blow to the
new Confederacy. !

®I|ir& (Ecx^B — Army of tl}t MxBBXBBxppx

Major-General W. J. Hardee, who had been Mississippi on its reorganization, IMarch 29, 1862.
commander in northwestern Ai'kansas, was placed In August, the corps was merged in the Left Wing
at the head of the Third Corps of the Anny of the of the Army of the Mississippi.

IS^B^ni^ OIorpH — Armg of t\}t MxBBXBmppx

Commanded by Major-General George B. Crit-
tenden on March 29, 1862, and by Major-General
J. C. Breckinridge after April 6th, and, later, by
Brigadier-General Jones M. Withers. After Shi-
loh, and the siege of Corinth, the corps went to
Louisiana and fought the battle of Baton Rouge,

[260

August 6, 1862, with the Federal troops under
Brigadier-General Thomas Williams. Then it
returned with Breckinridge to form the Army of j
Middle Tennessee and was merged in Hardee's
(Second) Corps, Army of Tennessee, as the First
Division, in November, 1862.

Jesse J. Kiuley CoiiiiiiaiKle.l \Villi;ini (1. M. l)a\is Led a l^oherl Hiillock, Colonel of William Miller Commanded
a Brigade. Brigade of Cavalry. the 7th Rei;iment. Re.serve Forees in Florida.

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS

J. Patton Anderson, Active Division
Commander in the We.st.

Martin L. Smith, One of the Francis A. Shaup, Chief of William S. Walker Commanded Theodore W. Brevard, Colonel
Defenders of Vieksburg. Artillery, .\rmy of Tennessee. a South Carolina Brigade. of the 11th Regiment.

The joining of the Army of Kentucky with the
Army of the Mississippi, on November 20, 1862,
was the origin of the Army of Tennessee — the
great Confederate army of the West. There were
three corps and a division of cavalry, with an ef-
fective total of forty-seven thousand. General
Braxton Bragg was in command. This army
fought tlie battle of Stone's River, went through
the Tullahoma campaign, and fought the battle
of Chickamauga, assisted by Longstreet's Corps
from the Army of Northern Virginia. It was
driven from Chattanooga in November, 1863, by
Grant's forces. After the battle of Chickamauga,
the corps were reorganized several times. Bragg
was removed from the command on December 2,
1863, and until General Johnston assumed it, on
December 27th, both Hardee and Polk were in tem-
porary command. Polk was sent to the Depart-
ment of Alabama, Mississippi and East Louisiana
before the end of December. The army spent the
winter around Dalton, Georgia, and faced Sher-
man's advance in May, 1864, in two infantry and
one cavalry corps. Polk brought back his divi-
sions, which he called the Army of Mississippi, and
these forces were consolidated with the Army of
Tennessee on July 26th, after Polk had been killed.
On July 18th, Johnston was replaced by General
John B. Hood. After the capture of Atlanta, the
army returned to Tennessee, and, failing to cut
off Major-General Schofield's command at Frank-
lin, was routed by Major-General Thomas at
Nashville (December 15-16, 1864). In February,
1865, General Johnston was again placed in com-
mand of the Army of Tennessee, as well as the
troops in South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida.
The army had greatly dwindled. Lieutenant-Gen-
eral A. P. Stewart was at the actual head of the
Army of Tennessee after March 16th, and Johns-
ton's enlarged command included troops from the
far South under Hardee, which, in February, had
been organized in a corps, and those in North Car-
olina under Bragg. The aggregate present of the
old Army of Tennessee was about twenty thou-
sand. The army surrendered to Sherman in North
Carolina, April 26, 1865.

General Braxton Bragg (U.S.M.A. 1837)
was born in Warren County, North Carolina,
March 22, 1817, and served in the Seminole and
IVIexican wars. He resigned from the army in
1859, and became an extensive planter in Louis-
iana. On the secession of Louisiana, he was made

a brigadier-general in the Confederate provi-
sional army, and was the first commander of the
military forces of Louisiana. After being ap-
pointed major-general in September, he took com-
mand of the forces in Alabama and West Florida
from October, 1861, to February, 1862. He com-
manded the right wing of the Army of the Missis-
sippi at Shiloh, and was made general after the
death of Albert Sidney Johnston. He succeeded
Beauregard as commander of tlie Army of the Mis-
sissippi (or Tennessee), and led it into Kentucky
in September, 1862, and after his retreat therefrom,
was defeated by Rosecrans at Stone's River (Jan-
uary, 1863). He in turn defeated Rosecrans at
Chickamauga, but was driven from Chattanooga
by Grant in November, 1863. Bragg was now re-
lieved of the Army of Tennessee, and, later, was
given control of the Confederate army's military
operations at Richmond. As commander of tlie
Department of North Carolina, he failed in at-
tempts to check Sherman and prevent the fall of
Wilmington. After February, 1865, he cooperated
with Johnston and surrendered with the latter.
Later on, he was state engineer of Alabama, and
died in Galveston, Texas, September 27, 1876.

General John Bell Hood (U.S.M.A. 1853)
was born in Owingsville, Kentucky, June 1, 1831,
and fought against the Comanche Indians in Tex-
as. He resigned from the army in April, 1861, to
enter the Confederate service. After serving as
captain in the cavalry and colonel of a Texas regi-
ment, he received the appointment of brigadier-
general in March, 1862. He was made major-gen-
eral in October, 1862, after taking a conspicuous
part in the Virginia campaigns. At Gettysburg,
he commanded the largest division in Longstreet's
Corps. In September, he went to Tennessee
with Longstreet's Corps, which he commanded
at Chickamauga, where he lost a leg. After
the battle, he was given the rank of lieutenant-
general, and at the head of the Second Corps
in the Army of Tennessee, took part in the
Atlanta campaign from May to July 18, 1864,
when he succeeded Johnston in the command
of the army with the temporary rank of gen-
eral. He lost Atlanta, and, returning to Tennes-
see, was driven into Alabama by INIajor-General
Thomas in the middle of December. In January,
1865, he was relieved of his command and was
ordered to Richmond. After the war, he went to
New Orleans, where he died, August 30, 1879.

[262]

Howell Cobb, Leader ol C obb".s G. T. Anderson ( 'ommanded a David E. Twiggs, in Command Fierce M. B. Young, Brilliant
Georgia Legion. Brigade in Longstreet's Corps. in East Louisiana in 1801. Cavalry Leader.

(ioode Bryan Led a Georgia Hugh W. Mercer Led a Geor- David R. Jones, Active William M. Brown, Defender
Brigade in Longstreet's gia Brigade in the Army Leader at Second Ma- of Savannah, December,

Corps. of Tennessee. nassas and Sharpsburg. 1864.

Clement A. Evans, Leader in the Robert Toombs, Defender of Lee's

Army of Northern Virginia. Right Flank at Antietam.

Major-GeneraIj Leonidas Poi.k commanded
from June, 1861, to Marcli, 186^, tlie First
Division in the Western Department (No. 2), tlie
troops of wliich were scattered along the INIissis-
sippi from Columbus, Kentucky, to Memphis, and
in the interior of Tennessee and Mississippi. It
numbered about twenty-five thousand men. On
the organization of the Army of the jMississippi in
March, 186^2, this division was called the First
Grand Division, and after the consolidation with
the Central Army of Kentucky, on jNIarch 29th, the
Fii'st Corps, Army of the Mississippi. On August
15th, Polk's Corps was reorganized as the Right
Wing in ten divisions, with over fifteen thousand
present for duty. In the Army of Tennessee, the
Right Wing became the First, or Polk's Corps.
After the battle of Chickamauga, Polk was relieved
of the commaTid, and both corps of the army un-
derwent reorganization. The leading corps was
thereafter known as Hardee's, or Cheatham's
Corps, from the names of its commanders.

Lieftexant-Gexeral Leoxidas Polk (U.S.
M.A. 1827) was born in Raleigh, North Carolina,
April 10, 1806. He left the army for the church,
and eventually became the first Protestant Episco-
pal Bishop of Louisiana, in 18-11. In 1861, he
entered the Confederate army and was made ma-
jor-general in June. He was assigned to the com-
mand of the Western Department (No. 2) ; and in
September he was replaced by General A. S. Johns-
ton and given the First Division, Army of the Mis-
sissippi, with which he won the battle of Belmont in
November. He led the First Corps at Shiloh, and
later had temporary command of the army itself.
In October, 1862, he was given the rank of lieuten-
ant-general, and accompanied the Western Con-
federate army until after Chickamauga, where he
connnanded the Right Wing when he was tempo-
rarily suspended, but the charge of delay on his
part was dismissed by President Davis. In the
winter of 1863-61<, he was in command of the
Department of Alabama, Mississippi, and East
Louisiana, and brought his forces, which he called
the Army of Mississippi, to Georgia in May, 186-t,
to assist Johnston in opposing Sherman's ad-
vance to Atlanta. On Pine Mountain, near Mar-
ietta, Georgia, he was killed by a cannon-ball, June
14, 1864.

Ma jor-General Ben JAMIN Franklin Cheath-
am was born in Nashville, Tennessee, October 20,
1820. He entered the Mexican War, rising to the

[2

rank of colonel after distinguished service at Mon-
terey and elsewhere. At the close of this war he
became major-general of the Tennessee militia,
and when the Civil War broke out he attached him-
self to the Confederate cause and organized the
entire supply department for the Western troops.
As brigadier-general, he served under Polk at Bel-
mont, and had a division of the First Corps, Army
of the Mississippi, at Shiloh, and was commander of
the Right Wing of the same army during Bragg's
invasion of Kentucky in 1862. He led his division
at Stone's River, through the Tullahoma cam-
paign, and at Chickamauga, and after that battle
was head of Cheatham's Corps, an organization
formed upon the departure of Polk from the army,
and of which Hardee shortly afterward took com-
mand. In the Atlanta campaign he led a division
in Hardee's Corps, and assumed command of the
corps, which later was known as Cheatham's Corps,
after the departure of Hardee for Savannah in Oc-
tober, 1864, with which he continued until the sur-
render at Durham Station. After the war he be-
came a farmer in Tennessee, and was appointed
postmaster of Nashville in 1885. He died there
September 4, 1886.

Major-General Patrick Romayne Cleburne
was born in County Cork, Ireland, March 17, 1828.
He ran away from Trinity College, Dublin, and
enlisted in the Forty-first Foot. In 1855 he
came to America, settling in Helena, Arkansas,
where he practised law until the opening of
the war. He entered the Confederate service as
private, and rose to the rank of major-general, in
1862. He planned the capture of the United
States arsenal in Arkansas, iVIarch, 1861. He
was colonel of an Arkansas regiment, and at Shi-
loh, as brigadier-general, he commanded a brigade
in the Third Corps, Army of the Mississippi. He
was wounded at Perryville. At Murfreesboro and
Chickamauga he commanded a division, and his
troops formed the rear guard at Missionary Ridge.
For his defense of Ringgold Gap, in the Atlanta
campaign, he received the thanks of the Confeder-
ate Congress. Cleburne covered Hood's retreat at
Jonesboro, and had temporary command of Har-
dee's Corps. He continued to hold his division in
Cheatham's Corps, and at the battle of Franklin
was killed, November 30, 1864. A brilliant charge
at Chickamauga earned him the title of " Stone-
wall of the West," and it was he who initiated
the Order of the Southern Cross and was among
the first to urge the advantages to the Confeder-
ates of colored troops.
]

Philip Cook William M. Gardner John K. Jackson Claldius ('. Wilson

Leader in Gordon's Attack Commander of the Post of Commanded a Reserve Corps Led a Brigade in the
on Fort Stcdinan. Riehmond, Va., in 1865. Army of the Mississippi. .\rmy of Tenneasee.

LsAAr M. St. John
Commissary General,
1865,

^^rnnb (Harps — Armij nf t\^t MxBsxBBxppx nnh nf iSmntBBtt

Major-Genekal Braxton Bragg was given
command of the Second Corps of tlie Army of the
Mississippi on its organization, March 29, 1862.
There were ten divisions, composed chiefly of Ala-
bama, Mississippi, and Louisiana troops. In July,
Major-General Samuel Jones had command, and
on August 15th, when General Bragg resumed
command of the whole army, his former corps
passed to the control of Major-General Hardee.
There was an aggregate present of about sixteen
thousand men. On November 7th, the Left Wing,
in an organization that had a short existence
after August 15th, again became the Second (or
Hardee's) Corps. In July, 1863, Lieutenant-Gen-
eral Hardee was relieved by Lieutenant-General D.
H. Hill, who commanded at Chickamauga, and tlie
later commanders were INIajor-Generals J. C.
Breckinridge, T. C. Hindman, Lieutenant-Gener-
al J. B. Hood, Major-General C. L. Stevenson and
Lieutenant-General S. D. Lee. After 1864, the
corps was known as Hood's, or Lee's Corps, Har-
dee having assumed command of the other corps.

Lieutenant-General William Joseph Har-
dee (U.S. M. A. 1838) was born in Savannah, Geor-
gia, October 10, 1815, and seized in the Seminole
and Mexican wars. He resigned his commission
of lieutenant-colonel in January, 1861, to join the
Confederate forces, in which he was appointed a
brigadier-general in J une. He was given command
of Fort ]\Iorgan, IVIobile Bay, in March, and later,
as major-general, was transferred to the Central
Army of Kentucky, of which he had command from
December, 1861, to February, 1862. He was
given the Second Corps in the Army of the Mis-
sissippi and led the advance at Shiloh. He took
part with this army as corps or wing commander in
Bragg's invasion of Kentucky, at Stone's River,
and at Chattanooga, having been made lieutenant-
general in October, 1862. In the summer of 1863
he had charge of the defenses of Mississippi and
Alabama. He had temporary command of the
Army of Tennessee after Bragg was removed in
December, 1863. He had a corps during the At-
lanta campaign, and in October, 1864, he was
placed in command of the Department of South
Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. He was unable to
prevent the capture of Savannah, and, in February,
1865, joined Johnston, serving in the Army of
Tennessee, at the head of a corps formed from the
troops in his department, until its surrender. Af-
ter the war, he lived at Selma, Alabama, and died
at Wytheville, Virginia, November 6, 1873.

[2

Lieutenant-General Daniel Harvey Hill
(U.S.M.A. 1842) was born at Hill's Iron Works,
York District, South Carolina, July 12, 1821.
He resigned from the army after the INIexican
War, in which he had received the brevet of
major, and was engaged in teaching until he en-
tered the Confederate army, in 1861. As colonel
of the First North Carolina Infantry, he showed
marked talent at Big Bethel, June 10th, and was
made brigadier-general the following month. As
major-general, he had a division and later a com-
mand, or corps, in the Army of Northern Virginia,
and fought through the Peninsula campaign. He
was assigned to the Department of North Carolina
in July, but fought with his division at South
IMountain, where he held the Federal forces in
check, and at Antietam. In July, 1863, he was
made lieutenant-general, and replaced Lieutenant-
General Hardee in command of the Second Corps,
Army of Tennessee, which he led at Chickamauga,
and of which he was relieved in November. With
the rank of major-general, he took command of a
division in Lee's Corps, Army of Tennessee, in
March, 1865, and at the battle of Bentonville he
led the corps itself. After the war, he became an
editor, and from 1877 to 1884 was president of the
Arkansas Industrial University. He died at
Charlotte, North Carolina, September 25, 1889.

Major-General Carter Littlepage Steven-
son (U.S.M.A. 1838) was born near Fredericks-
burg, Virginia, September 21, 1817. He was
dismissed from the army in June, 1861, having en-
tered the Confederate service as lieutenant-colonel.
He did duty at Cumberland Gap, from which he
drove Brigadier-General G. W. Morgan away, and
commanded a division in the Army of Tennessee.
He rose to the rank of major-general in October,
1862, His division was witli Pemberton's forces
in the battle of Chickasaw Bayou, December 26,
1862. He fought at Chickamauga and in the At-
lanta campaign onward with the Army of Tennes-
see, having on July, 1864, temporary command of
Hood's Corps, before the appointment of Lieuten-
ant-General S. D. Lee. He also assumed command
of Lee's Corps, when the latter was wounded after
the battle of Nashville, until tlie army had crossed
the Tennessee. He died August 15, 1888.

Major-General Thomas Carmichael Hind-
man was born in Tennessee, November, 1818. He
became a lawyer and served in Congress. He
fought in the Mexican War, and in 1860 was a
I

INDIAN
TERRITORY

( ONE TO KIGHT )

KENTUCKY

( FIVE REMAINING )

Jolin S. Williams Comniaiided
a Ca\'alry Brigade.

Thomas H. Taylor Led a
Brigade in the Army of
Tennessee.

William Preston Led a Divi.sion
at the Battle of
Chickamauga.

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS
No. 8

James M. llawt-s Com-
manded a Brigade West
of the Mississippi.

Stand Watie, Indian Leader of Troops
at Pea Bidge.

Humplui N -Nhu-shall, Confederate
Defender of Kentucky.

llt|pplrr'H Olaualrii (Eor^a — Army of ©Pttttraa^F

member of the Charleston Convention. He went
to the Civil War as colonel of an Arkansas regi-
ment, and served in the armies of the West and of
the ]\Iississippi. For his conduct at Shiloh he was
made major-general. He was, at different times,
division commander in the Army of Tennessee, and
a temporary commander of the Second Corps, and
was also at the head of the Trans-Mississippi Dis-
trict and that of Arkansas. He was defeated at
Prairie Grove and at Newtonia. After the war, he
went to Mexico, but returned to Arkansas and was
murdered by one of his former soldiers at Helena,
September 28, 1868.

Lieutenant-General Stephen Dill Lee (U.
S.M.A. 1854) was born in Charleston, South Car-
olina, September 22, 1833. He resigned from the
army in February, 1861, to enter the Confederate
service as captain in the artillery, and rose to the
rank of lieutenant-general June, 186-i. He was
one of the three men who called on Major An-
derson, April 12, 1861, and demanded the surren-
der of Fort Sumter. He had a battalion in the
Washington Artillery, and was prominent at Sec-
ond Bull Run and at Antietam. He was then sent

to the West and connnanded a division at the bat-
tle of Chickasaw Bayou, December 27, 1862, driv-
ing back the Federal troops with great slaughter.
Ho was among those who surrendered at Vicksburg,
July 4), 1863, and in August was put at the head
of the cavalry in the Department of Alabama, Mis-
sissippi, and East Louisiana, and fought at Tu-
pelo and other places. In May, i86-i, he suc-
ceeded Lieutenant-General Polk at the head of this
department, remaining there until July, when he
was assigned to the command of Hood's Corps,
Army of Tennessee, General Hood having been
placed at the head of the whole army. Henceforth
it was known as Lee's Corps. He was wounded
December 17, 1864, while protecting the rear of
the army in the retreat from Nashville. After the
war he became a planter in Mississippi ; a member
of the State legislature; and in 1880 he became
president of the Mississippi Agricultural and Me-
chanical College. He was also at the head of the
Vicksburg National Park, and was commander-in-
chief of the United Confederate Veterans, after the
death of Lieutenant-General John B. Gordon, in
1904. He died at Vicksburg, Mississippi, May 28,
1908.

If^^br B QIaualrjj fllnrpa — Army of QimmsBn

On January 22, 1863, Major-General Joseph
Wheeler was assigned to command all the cavalry
in Middle Tennessee. On March 16th, the cavalry
divisions in the Army of Tennessee were desig-
nated as corps, and were given the names of their
respective commanders. Wheeler and Van Dom.
The corps were organized into divisions and bri-
gades, and Wheeler's Corps, sometimes known as
the Second Corps, had an aggregate present of
nearly twelve thousand. It displayed great activ-
ity in Tennessee, making numerous raids and
guarding the flanks of the army. After the battle
of Chickamauga, it made a famous raid on Rose-
crans' communications, October, 1863. It also
operated on the flanks of the army during the At-
lanta and other campaigns until the close of the
war.

LiEiTTEN ant-General Joseph Wheeler (U.
S.M.A. 1859) was born in Augusta, Georgia, Sep-
tember 10, 1836, and entered the mounted in-
fantry, resigning, in 1861, to join the Confederate
army, in which he reached the rank of major-gen-
eral (January, 1863), and commander of the Sec-

ond Cavalry Corps, Army of Tennessee. He was
conspicuous as a raider, and was constantly em-
ployed in guarding the flanks of the army, cutting
the Federal communications, covering retreats, and
obtaining information for the army commanders.
He was appointed lieutenant-general, February 28,
1865. After the war, he was a member of Congress
from 1881 to 1899. He was commissioned major-
general of volunteers in 1898, and went to the
Spanish War, commanding the troops at Las
Guasimas, and was senior field-officer at the battle
of San Juan Hill. He was senior member of the
commission which negotiated the surrender of San-
tiago. He served with the American troops dur-
ing the insurrection in the Philippines from Au-
gust, 1899, to January 24, 1900, and on June 13,
1900, was appointed brigadier-general of the
United States army, being retired the following
September. He died in Brooklyn, New York,
January 25, 1906. General Wheeler made a
unique reputation for himself as a cavalry leader,
and in the Spanish war his services won universal
acknowledgment as typical of the complete re-
union of the North and South.

[ 268

CONFEDERATE GENERALS— No. 9— KENTUCKY (Continued)

Hyhiml B. Lyon Led a Brigade of Joseph H. Lewis Led a Brigade in George B. Hodge Commanded a

Cavalry in P\irrest"s Division. the Army of Tennessee. Brigade of f'avah-y.

Han l0rn*fi Olaualrg fflnrps — Army of (EmmBBtt

On March 16, 1863, Major-General Van It liad an average aggregate present of about
Dom's Cavah-y Division in the Army of Tennessee eiglit tliousand, and was a valuable adjunct to
was called Van Dorn's, or the First Cavalrj' Corps. General Bragg's army.

Army: nf iltb&b EmntBBU

When Major-General John C. Breckinridge as-
sumed conmiand of the forces around Murfrees-
boro on October 28, 1862, they were denominated
the Army of IVIiddle Tennessee. There were three
brigades, with cavalry under Brigadier-General
Forrest, who was shortly relieved by Brigadier-
General Wheeler. When Bragg advanced from
Chattanooga to oppose Rosecrans, the Army of
Middle Tennessee became identified with a division
of Hardee's Corps, Army of Tennessee.

Majok-General John Cabell Breckinridge
was born near Lexington, Kentucky, January 21,
1821, and became a lawyer. He served as major in
the Mexican War. From 1857 to 1861, he was
vice-president of the United States. In I860, he
was a candidate for the presidency, receiving the
electoral votes of the Southern States, with the ex-
ception of Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mis-
souri. He was sent to the Senate, but left that
body to join the Confederates. He was made

brigadier-general in November, 1861, and major-
general in April, 1862, after the battle of Shiloh.
He had a command under Genei'al A. S. Johnston
in the Central Army of Kentucky, and Army of the
Mississippi, and led the reserve corps at Shiloh.
After the siege of Corinth he took his force to
Louisiana, and fought the battle of Baton Rouge,
August 6, 1862. Later, he headed tlie Department
and Army of Middle Tennessee. Rejoining the
Army of Tennessee at the end of 1862, he fought
at Stone's River, Chickamauga, and Chattanooga,
at the head of a division in Hardee's Corps, and
was its temporary commander for a period before
the battle of Chattanooga. He was brought East
after the opening of the Wilderness campaign,
fought at Cold Harbor, and was second in com-
mand under Early in the Shenandoah. From Feb-
ruary 6, 1865, to the downfall of the Confederacy,
he was Secretary of War. He then went to
Europe, but returned in 1868, and resumed the
practice of law. He died in Lexington, Kentucky,
May 17, 1875.

On June 12, 1861, Governor C. F. Jackson of
Missouri, in defiance of the United States military
government, issued a call for fifty thousand of the
State militia for active service. At the time of
the fliglit of the governor and his followers to the
extreme southwestern comer of the State, he was

Army of

Major-General Earl Van Dorn assumed
command of the troops in the Trans-Mississippi
District of Western Department (No. 2), on Jan-
uary 29, 1862. Out of the force grew the Army
of the West, so called after March 4th. It was
largely composed of the INIissouri State Guard.
This army fought at Pea Ridge and elsewhere in
Arkansas, and, being transferred across the Mis-
sissippi, was present at the siege of Coi'inth. The

[2'

joined by Price. At that time, the whole Confed-
erate State force amounted to about three thou-
sand men. This Missouri State Guard was in com-
mand of Brigadier-Generals Sterling Price and
M. M. Parsons from October 29, 1861, to March
17, 1862, when it merged in the Army of the West.

tl^t WtBt

First Division was commanded by Major-General
Sterling Price after March 22d, and the Second
by Major-General Samuel Jones. It had three
divisions after May, and a strength of over twenty
thousand. On June 20th, Van Dorn was replaced
by Major-General John P. McCown, who had coin-
mandcfl the Third Division, and he in turn by
Major-General Price, on July 3d. The transfer
of the Army of the Mississippi to Chattanooga at
0]

l';iul (). Ilehcrt Com- Louis Hebort, Active Thomas M. Scott, Orig-

maiuK'd tlie Army of Commander in the inally Colonel of the

Ivouisiana Defend- Southwest. 12th Regiment,
ina New Orleans.

Franklin Gardner, Defender
of Port Hudson against
Banks in 1803.

CONFED-
ERATE
GENERALS

James P. Major Led a Edward Higgins, Con- Henry H. Sibley, Con-
Cavalry Brigade in spicuous pt New Orleans spiciious Leader in
Louisiana. in 18G2. New Mexico.

No. 10
LOUISI-
ANA

Albert G. Blanchard Led a Brigade Zebulon York Commanded a Allan Thomas Led a Brigade in the

in the Army of Northern Virginia. Brigade. Army of Northern Virginia.

Armg 0f Mtst ^mtitBJstt — Army of iEtsatHBtppt

the end of July, left the Army of the West in con-
trol of western Tennessee, and northern INIissis-
sippi. One division of the army fought the battle of
luka, September lOth. On September 28th, a
junction was made with Xnn Dorn's new command
of troops in Mississippi, and the new organization
was denominated the Army of West Tennessee. To
Price was assigned a corps, which continued to be
called, sometimes, the Army of the West.

Major-General Earl Van Dorn (U.S.M.A.
18-152) was born near Port Gibson, Mississippi,
September 17, 18520, and served in the Mexican
War and in several Indian campaigns. He re-
signed from the army, and was commissioned a
colonel in the Confedenite States army in jMarch,
1861. His first commands were at New Orleans,
and in the Department of Texas, where he forced
the surrender of United States troops under ]\Iajor
Sibley and Colonel Reeve. He was made brigadier-
general in June and major-general in September.
In October and November, 1861, he commanded a
division in the Army of the Potomac, and was as-
signed, in January, 1862, to the Trans-Mississippi
District (Department No. 2), in which he had
command of the Army of the West. He was de-
feated at Pea Ridge in March, and, with the Army
of West Tennessee, at Corinth in October. After
Pemberton assumed control of this force in the
department in which Van Dorii was operating, he
continued to conmuind a cavalry division, at the

head of which he made a brilliant raid in Missis-
sippi in December, 1862. In March, 1863, Van
Dorn's cavalry division was designated a corps in
the Army of Tennessee. On May 8, 1863, he
was shot and killed by Doctor Peters, at Spring
Hill, Tennessee, the result of a private quarrel.

IMajor-Generai. John Porter jNIcCovvn (U.
S.]\I.A. 184-0) was born in IV-nnessee, in 1815,
and served in the Mexican war, being brevctted
captain for gallant conduct at Cerro Gordo. He
resigned from the service in May, 1861, and entered
the Confederate army, taking charge of the ar-
tillery in the provisional army of the State of Ten-
nessee. As brigadier-general, he commanded a di-
vision of Polk's army at the battle of Belmont,
November 7, 1861. After commanding at New
Madrid, he had a division in the Army of the
West, and was temporarily at the head of that
force in June, 1862. He was placed in command
of the Department of East Tennessee in Septem-
ber. Subsequently, he commanded a division of
the Army of Kentucky, which fought with the
Second Corps, Army of Tennessee, at the battle
of Stone's River. In February, 1863, he was ar-
rested on charges of conduct prejudicial to good
order and military discipline and sent to Chatta-
nooga, but was released. At the end of the war
he fought with the Army of Tennessee in Noi'th
Carolina. He died, January 22, 1879.

Armg 0f WtBt oimmBBtt — Armg of UliBHtBBtppt

Major-Gkneral Van Dorn was transferred
June 20, 1862, from the Army of the West to the
Department of Southern Mississippi and East
Louisiana. His troops occupied Vicksburg, and a
force from the Reserve Corps of the Army of the
INIississippi, under Major-General Breckinridge,
fought the battle of Baton Rouge, August 6th.
On September 28th, Van Dorn's troops joined the
Army of the West to oppose Rosecrans' activities
in northern Mississippi, and the combined force
was denominated the Army of West Tennessee,
with Van Dorn at the head. It fought the battle
of Corinth (October 4th), and on December 7th
its name was changed to the Army of Mississippi.
It consisted of two corps, headed by Van Dorn
and Price, the chief control having passed to Lieu-
tenant-General John C. Pemberton, at the head of
the Department of iMississippi and East Louisiana.
Van Dorn, with his cavalry, made a famous raid in

[272

northern Mississippi in December, capturing the
Federal supply depot at Holly Springs. In Jan-
uary, 1863, the corps wci'c changed into divisions.
The title. Army of Mississippi, ceased to be used
shortly after this date. The chief force under
Pemberton surrendered at Vicksburg. IVIeanwhile,
Van Dorn had been killed in Tennessee, INIay 8,
1863, and Price had been ordered to the Trans-
Mississippi Department, February 27, 1863.

Lieutenant-General John Clifford Pem-
berton (U.S.M.A. 1837) was born in Philadel-
phia, August 10, 1814, and served in the Seminole
and INIcxican wars, making a noteworthy record in
the artillery service. He entered the Confederate
army in April, 1861, as major and chief of the
Virginia artillery, being made brigadier-general in
June. In November, 1861, he was transferred to
South Carolina, and appointed major-general in

Johnson K. Uuncan v^ommiindcd llio llandall Ij. Gibson, Active Leader William R. Peck Commanded 9th Louis-

Hi\-er Defenses below New Orleans. in many Western Battles. iana; Led a Charge at Appomattox.

Mansfield Lovell, Defender of the William W. Mackall, Chief of StafiF,
Lower Mississippi in 1862. Army of Tennessee.

^autljprn Army — oFrana-iliaBtBHtppi Armg

January, 1862, when his command was enlarged to
include Georgia and East Florida. In October,
he was advanced to the rank of lieutenant-general
and sent to the Department of Mississippi and
East Louisiana, where he took chief command of
all the troops therein, including the Army of West
Tennessee (or Mississippi) under Van Dorn and
Price. He surrendered Vicksburg to Major-Gen-

eral Grant, July 4, 1863, and after exchange re-
signed his commission on account of criticism re-
sulting from the surrender. In May, 1864, with
the rank of lieutenant-colonel, he was given com-
mand of the artillery defenses at Richmond where
he served until the close of the war. He became
a farmer in Virginia, and died in Penllyn, Pennsyl-
vania, July 13, 1881.

g>0«tl|rrn Armg — StrauB-iMtHatfiatppt Armg

The forces in the Department of West Louisi-
ana and Texas were constituted the Southwestern
Army, January 14, 1863, and the command was
given to Lieutenant-General E. Kirby Smith. On
February 9th, the command was enlarged so as to
embrace the whole Trans-Mississippi Department,
which, on May 26, 1862, had been separated from
the Western Department (Department No. 2).
INIajor-General T. H. Holmes had previously
commanded in the Trans-Mississippi. Smith had
about thirty thousand men, widely scattered from
Fort Smith, Arkansas, to the Rio Grande. Major-
General Holmes was defeated at Helena, July 4,
1863. The various portions of the army were con-
stantly occupied in small engagements. These
forces opposed the Federal Red River expedition
in 1864. At the latest returns, in 1865, the ag-
gregate present of the force was about forty-three
thousand. They were the last Confederate troops
to surrender, May 26, 1865.

Lieutenant-General Theophilus Hunter
Holmes (U.S.M.A. 1829) was born in Sampson
County, North Carolina, in 1804, and fought in
the Florida and Mexican wars. He resigned his
commission of major in April, 1861, and entered
the Confederate service, rising to the rank of lieu-
tenant-general on October 10, 1862. On account
of his age he saw little active service, but was
placed at the head of various districts and depart-
ments throughout the Confederacy. On July 4,

1863, while in command of the District of Arkan-
sas, Trans-Mississippi Department, he led an un-
successful attack on Helena. He died in Fayette-
ville. North Carolina, June 20, 1880.

Lieutenant-General Richard Taylor, son
of Zachary Taylor, was born in New Orleans,
Louisiana, January 27, 1826. He was a Yale
graduate and went to the Mexican War witli Gen-
eral Taylor. He joined the Confederate army in
1861, serving first as colonel of the Ninth Louisi-
ana Volunteers in the Army of the Potomac. He
was promoted to brigadier-general in October, and
served under " Stonewall " Jackson in the Shenan-
doah valley and in the Peninsula campaign. He
was made major-general in July, 1862, and the
following month was assigned to tlic connnand
of the District of West Louisiana (Trans-Missis-
sippi Department), where he remained until June,

1864. It was hoped that he would recover New
Orleans. He occupied the Teche country during
the winter of 1862-63. In the following spring
and summer he fought against Weitzel and cap-
tured Brashear City. He reached the west bank
of the Mississippi near New Orleans in July, but
was driven back by Weitzel and Franklin. The
following year he was instrumental in defeating
the Red River expedition. In September, 1864,
he was sent to command the Department of Ala-
bama, Mississippi and East Louisiana, and sur-
rendered to Major-General Canby, May 4, 1865.
He died in New York City, April 12, 1879.

Army nf iltBBnurt

In August, 1864, General E. Kirby Smith erate army. Price's force, consisting of the divi-
ordered Major-General Sterling Price to move sions of Fagan, Marmaduke, and Shelby, amounted
into Missouri. It was expected that the various to nearly twelve thousand men, and is variously
independent bands could be organized and bring called the Army of the INIissouri, Price's Expedi-
at least twenty thousand recruits into the Confed- tionary Corps, and the Army in the Field. After a

[274]

John W. Fnizor Coiunumdi'd Saiuuil J. (iluilsDU Com- Williiim F. Tucker Led ii Benjamin G. Humphries Led
a Brigade. manded a Brigade. Brigade under Hood. a Brigade in Virginia.

Claudius W. Sears, Originally Robert Lowry, Commander William F. Brantly Command- Douglas H. Cooper, Leader
Colonel of the 4Cth Regt. of a Brigade. cd a Brigade in Tennessee. of Indian Troops.

Army of MiaHtHBi^jjit

very active campaign, Px-ice was di'iven into Arkan-
sas at the end of November by Major-Generals
Rosecrans and Pleasanton, and the Army of tlie
Missouri again became identified with the forces in
the Trans-Mississippi Department.

Major-Generai. Stert.ixg Price was born in
Prince Edward County, Virginia, September 14,
1809. He settled in Missouri in 1830, and was a
member of Congress in 184i5, when he went to the
Mexican War, in wliich he was made brigadier-
general of volunteers. From 1853 to 1857, he was
governor of the State, and president of the State
Convention of 1853. He was made major-general
of the Missouri militia in May, and assumed com-

mand of the Missouri State Guard, July 30, 1861.
As major-general of the Confederate Army he
commanded the Army of the West from July 2
to September 28, 1862, and later a corps of Van
Dorn's Army of Mississippi. In February, 1863,
he was ordered to the Trans-lMississippi Depart-
ment, where he held various commands in Arkan-
sas and elsewhere. His most noteworthy effort
was the expedition into Missouri, August-Decem-
ber, 1864, in an attempt i;o gather a large number
of recruits from the independent bands in that
State. But Rosecrans drove him back to Arkan-
sas, After the war he became interested in a colo-
nization scheme in Mexico, but returned to the
United States in 1866, and died in St. Louis, Sep-
tember 29, 1867.

Army nf lUtsstHBtppt

In December, 1863, Lieutenant-General Leoni-
das Polk, succeeding Pemberton, was put in com-
mand of the force of tlie Department of Alabama,
Mississippi and East Louisiana. It had two divi-
sions of cavalry' and a strength of about twenty
thousand. This is the force that contended with
Major-General Sherman in IMississippi during the
winter of 1864. In May, Polk joined the Army of
Tennessee to oppose Sherman's advance to At-
lanta, and he then denominated his troops the
Army of Mississippi. Polk was killed on Pine
Mountain, Georgia, June 14th, and was succeeded
by Lieutenant-Gcncral A. P. Stewart. On July
26th, the Army of Mississippi was joined to the
Army of Tennessee as Stewart's Corps.

Lieutenant - General Alexander Peter
Stewart (U.S.IM.A. 1842) was born in Rogers-
ville, Tennessee, October 12, 1821. He resigned
from the army in 1845. He entered the Confeder-
ate sers'ice from Tennessee, rising to the rank of
lieutenant-general in June, 1864, which rank was
confirmed the following year. He had a brigade in
Polk's command in the Western Department, and
later a division in the Army of Tennessee. He was

wounded at Ezra Church in the Atlanta campaign,
and after Polk's death, he succeeded to the com-
mand of the Army of Mississippi, which later be-
came a corps of the Army of Tennessee. On
i\Iarch 16, 1865, he was assigned to the command
of the infantry and artillery in that army. He died
at Biloxi, Mississippi, August 30, 1908.

]\Iajor-General Edward Cary Walthall
was born in Richmond, Virginia, April 4, 1831.
He became a lawyer, practising in Coffey ville,
Mississippi. He entered the Confederate service,
in 1861, as lieutenant of the Fifteentli jMississippl
Infantry, and in December, 1862, became briga-
dier-general, and major-general in June, 1864.
He fought gallantly at Missionary Ridge and 1
covered Hood's retreat at Nashville, where he i
prevented the capture of the Army of Tennessee
by Thomas. In March, 1865, he had command of
Stewart's Corps, Army of Tennessee, until the re-
organization of April 9th, when he returned to ,
the head of his division. After the war he became i
United States senator from Mississippi. He died
in Washington, April 21, 1898. i

Major-General William Dorsey Pender (U. federate service as colonel of the Sixth North Car-
S.M.A. 1854) was boiTi in Edgecombe County, olina Infantry. In June, 1862, he became brig-
North Carolina, February 6, 1834. He resigned adier-general and was made major-general in May,
from the army in March,' 1861, to enter the Con- 1863. He was brigade and division commander in

[276]

Mark B. Lowrey Led a Edward C'ary Walthall

Brigade in Cleburne's Conspicuous at Frank-
Uivision in the Army lin; Later United
of Tennessee. States Senator.

Cliarles Clark Com-
manded a Division
under General J. C.
Breckinridge.

CONFEDERATE GENERALS-
No. 13— MlSSISSiri'I

Samuel G. French, Leader of the As.sault on
Alatoona Pass in 1864.

William L. Brandon Com- Nathaniel H. Harris, Colonel Peter B. Stark Led a Cavalry

manded a Cavalry Brigade. of the 19th Regiment. Brigade in Forrest's Corps.

Samuel W. Ferguson Com- George D. Johnst<iu IahI a .Jo.seph H. Davis Led a Brigade Wirt .Vdams, a Conspicuous
manded a Cavalry Brigade. Brigade imder Bragg. in R. K. Ia-c's Army. Cavalry Commander.

the Army of Northern Virginia, receiving his di-
vision on the organization of the Third Army
Corps. He died in Staunton, Virginia, July 18,
1863, from wounds received upon the field of
Gettysburg.

Major-General, Stephen Dodson Ramseur
(U.S.M.A. 1860) was born in Lincolnton, North
Carolina, May 31, 1837, and was assigned to the
artillery at Fort ]\Ionroe. He resigned in April,
1861, to enter the Confederate service. He was
made major in the North Carolina State artillery.
He was present at the siege of Yorktown, and was
placed at the head of a North Carolina regiment
in April. He was severely wounded at Malvern
Hill, but returned to the army during the winter
of 1862-63, having been made brigadier-general
in October. He led a brigade with great ability
in the Second Army Corps at Chancellorsville and
at Gettysburg. In the latter battle he was prom-
inent in the capture of the town. The following
year he was again wounded at Spotsylvania, and
as major-general he succeeded to Early's division,
when the latter was placed at the head of the Sec-
ond Army Corps. He went to the Shenandoah
valley with Early, and after taking a prominent
part in all tlie principal engagements, he was cap-
tured, mortally wounded, at Cedar Creek on Octo-
ber 19, 1861^.

Major-General William Henry Talbot
Walker (U.S.M.A. 1837) was born in Georgia
in October, 1816. While serving in Florida he
was thrice wounded in the battle of Okeechobee,
December 25, 1837. He fought with great dis-
tinction in the Mexican War. Early in 1861, he
joined the Confederate army, in which he rose to
the rank of major-general in INIay, 1863. He had
a brigade in the Second Corps, Army of the Mis-
sissippi, and later a command in the District of
Georgia, under Beauregard. He was sent with a
brigade to the assistance of Johnston in the lat-
ter's attempt to keep Grant from Vicksburg, in
May, 1863. In August, he was given a division in
Hill's Corps, Army of Tennessee, and commanded
the reserves at Chickamauga, after which he was in
Hardee's Corps in the Chattanooga and Atlanta
campaigns until he was killed at Decatur, near At-
lanta, July 22, 1864.

Lieutenant-General Nathan Bedford For-
Aest was born near the site of Chapel Hill, Ten-
nessee, July 13, 1821, and became a slave-trader
at Memphis. In the summer of 1861, he joined
the Tennessee mounted rifles as private, and a

I

month later raised and equipped a force of Con-
federate cavalry. He escaped with his battalion
from Fort Donelson, and by the middle of 1862
he had become brigadier-general and was one of
the most important officers in the Confederate
army. At the head of his independent cavalry or-
ganization, he was active during Bragg's invasion
of Kentucky and remained there some time. He
was with the Army of Tennessee at Chickamauga,
and in November, 1863, was made major-general
and assigned to the command of all the cavalry in
western Tennessee and northern Mississippi. In
March and April, 1864, he advanced from Missis-
sippi with a large force. He captured Union City
with its garrison, and attacked Paducah, Ken-
tucky. He fought with Sooy Smith, and re-
treating to Fort Pillow, captured the garri-
son there, amid great slaughter on April 12th.
He then returned to Mississippi and began to
operate against Sherman's lines of communication.
He defeated Sturgis, at Guntown, on June 10th,
but was put to rout by A. J. Smith, at Tupelo, on
July 14th. In January, 1865, he was placed in
command of the District of Mississippi and East
Louisiana, and on February 28th was made lieu-
tenant-general. He was defeated at Selma, Ala-
bama, by the Federal cavalry-leader, J. H. Wil-
son, and surrendered his forces with those of Lieu-
tenant-General Richard Taylor in May. After the
war he conducted several large plantations. He
died in Memphis, Tennessee, October 29, 1877.

Major-General Dabney Herndon Maury
(U.S.M.A. 1846) was born in Fredericksburg, Vir-
ginia, May 20, 1822, and served in the IMexican
War with distinction. He taught at West Point,
and sci"vcd in the West, being assistant adjutant-
general in New Mexico when the Civil War broke
out. He was dismissed from the service in June,
1861, having enlisted as captain in the Confcd-
ate cavalry. He served with the forces that later
became the Army of the West, and after the battle
of Pea Ridge was made brigadier-general. He had
a division in the Army of the West, and commanded
the whole force temporarily in June, 1862. As
major-general, he had a division with Pembei*ton's
forces in the battle with Sherman at Chickasaw
Bayou, December 26, 1862. In 1863, he was
placed at the head of the Department of East Ten-
nessee, and in 1864-65, he was in command of the
Department of the Gulf, surrendering at Meridian,
Mississippi, May 11, 1865. He was the founder
of the Southern Historical Society, and from
1886 to 1889 was American minister to Colombia.
He died in Peoria, Illinois, January 11, 1900.
i]

John H. Clark Coin- Jolin G. Walker, a Dar- Joseph O. Shelby, Cav- M. M. Parsons Led a Joseph H. Cockrell, Dis-
mantled a Cavalry ing Leader in the airy Commander in Brigade in Price's tinguished in Missouri
l{rigad<'; Engaged Army of Northern Arkiinsas and Mis- Division; Defender Campaigns; Later
at Pea Ridge. Virginia. souri Battles. of Red River. U. S. Seruitor.

CONFEDERATE
(lENERALS— No. 14

MISSOURI
(above and to right)
NORTH CAROLINA
(below)

Jolin S. Marmaduke, Leader Daniel M. Frost Led a Bri- John S. Bowen, Conspicuous
of Cavalry West of the gade of State Guard at Port Gibson and

Mississippi. under General Price. VicLsburg in 186.*?.

James G. Martin Led a Robert Ransom, Jr., One of Richard C. Gatlin, (^olonel Bryan Grimes Led a Di-
Brigade Defending Rich- the Defenders of Marye's of a Corps of Infantry, vision in the Army of

mond in 18C4-5. Heights in 1862. C. S. A., in 186L Northern Virginia.

Brigadier-Gknerai. John Hunt Morgan was
born in Huntsvillc, Alabama, June 1, 1826. He
served in tlie Mexican War and joined the Con-
federate army in connnand of the Lexington
Rifles, of Kentucky. He did scouting duty, and,
as colonel, organized three cavalry companies
known as IVIorgan's Squadron, which operated in
Tennessee and Kentucky and fought at Shiloh.
His invasion of Kentucky in July, 1862, prepared
the way for Bragg. At Lexington, he routed a
Union force and his frequent raids, especially the
famous Christmas raid of 1862, were among the
boldest Confederate exploits. His ability won
him promotion to brigadier-general. In July,
1863, he made another raid into Kentucky. At
Buffington Ford, about seven hundred of his men,
hemmed in by Shackelton and Hobson, were
forced to surrender, but Morgan escaped. At last
he was captured by Shackelton at New Lisbon,
July 26, 1863, but he and six fellow prisoners es-
caped from the Ohio State Penitentiary at Colum-
bus, on November 27th, and joined the Confeder-
ate army in northern Georgia. In April, 186-t,
he was put at the head of the Department of
Southwestern Virginia. Late in May, ]Morgan, with
a few followers, went over into Kentucky, making
a raid upon I^exington and dashing toward Frank-
fort, but Burbridge struck him a severe blow at
Cynthiana, June 12th, and Morgan lost seven hun-
dred men and one thousand horses. The early
part of September found him in Greenville. While
there the town was surprised and surrounded by
Gillem's troops, and in attempting to escape ]\Ior-
gan was shot and killed September 4, 1864.

Major-General Lafayette McLaws (l^.S.
M.A. 1842) was born in Avigusta, Georgia, Jan-
uary 15, 1821. In March, 1861, he resigned from
the army to enter the Confederate service, in which
he reached the rank of major-general in INIay,
1862. He commanded a division in Magruder's
command. Army of Northeni Virginia, through
the Seven Days' battle, and was then transferred
to Longstreet's command, being identified as di-
vision commander with the First Army Corps
through the Maryland campaign of 1862, and all
the succeeding campaigns of the Army of North-
ern Virginia (including Chancellorsville) until
September, 1863, when he went West with Long-
street and fought at Chickamauga and Knoxville.
In May, 1864, he was sent to Georgia and South
Carolina and being under Lieutenant-General Har-
dee eventually had a division in Hardee's Corps,
when in February, 1865, the latter united his forces
flith the Army of Tennessee. After the war he

was collector of internal revenue and postmaster
at Savannah, where he died, July 24, 1897.

Brigauier-Generai. Felix Kirk Zollicoffer
was born in Maury County, Tennessee, May 19,
1812. He became a printer and editor, interrupt-
ing the pursuit of this calling to serve in the Sem-
inole War. In 1841, he was made associate editor
of the Nashville Banner, was State comptroller
from 1844 to 1849, and continued his political
career in the State senate. He was a member of
Congress from 1853 to 1859, and also a delegate
to the Peace Conference held at Washington,

1861. In May of that year he was appointed
major-general of the provisional army of Tennes-
see, and in July, after connnanding an instruc-
tion camp, was made brigadier-general of the Con-
federate army and assigned to the District of
East Tennessee. His forces were defeated by
Brigadier-General Schoepf at Camp Wildcat,
Kentucky, October 21st, and in an encounter
with Brigadier-General Thomas at Logan's Cross
Roads, or Mill Springs, Kentucky, January 19,

1862, he was killed.

Major-General Henry Heth (U.S. M.A.
1847) was born in Chesterfield County, Virginia,
December 16, 1825. He rose to the rank of cap-
tain in the Tenth Infantry, from which he re-
signed, April 25, 1861, to enter the Confederate
Army. He was made colonel of the Forty-fifth
Virginia Infantry, June 17, 1861. He was com-
missioned brigadier-general, January 6, 1862, and
major-general. May 24, 1863. After serving with
his brigade in West Virginia under General
Humphrey ]\Iarshall, and in the invasion of Ken-
tucky under General Bragg, where he conmianded
a division of infantry and a brigade of cavah'y, he
came East, and conmianded a division in the Get-
tysburg campaign. He was also in various cam-
paigns with the Army of Northern Virginia, com-
manding a division in A. P. Hill's Third Army
Corps. He surrendered at Appomattox, and died
at Washington, D. C, September 26, 1899.

Major-General Joseph B. Kershaw was born
at Camden, South Carolina, January 5, 1822.
He was a member of the State Senate, 1852-57.
He entered the Confederate service and was soon
made colonel of the Second South Carolina regi-
ment, and on February 15, 1862, he was ap-
pointed a brigadier-general. In that capacity
lie served on the Peninsula and in the Seven
Days' battle. He also fought at Antietam, Fred-
•1

Alliod M. Scales Led a William P. Roberts Led Jolin D. Barry, Colonel William McRae Led a William R. Cox Led a
North Carolina Bri- a Brigade of Cavalry of the 18th North North Carolina Bri- North Carolina Bri-
gade in Hdl's Corps, in Virginia. Carolina Regiment. gade in Lee's Army. gadein Ewell'.s Corps.

CONFED-
ERATE
GENERALS

R. Leventhorpe, Defender of Fort LawTenee S. Baker, Colonel of the 1st

No. 15
NORTH
CAROLINA

Fisher.

Cavalr\

Thomas F.Toon Led a North John R. Cooke, Engaged in Rufus Barringer Led a Bri-
Carolina Brigade in Lee's Repelling Burnside at Fred- gade of Cavalry in Vir-
Army. ericksburg. ginia.

Thomas L. Clingnian Led a
North Carolina Brigade in
Lee's Army.

ericksburg, and Gettysburg, and with General
Longstrcet's Corps. He was engaged at the bat-
tle of Chickaniauga, commanding a brigade in
McLaws' Division of the Left Wing. Return-
ing to the East he was prominent in the Wil-
derness campaign, and in the Shenandoah lie was
with Ewell's Corps at Sailors' Creek, wlien his
command was captured on April 6, 1865, and he
was released from Fort Warren, Mass., July 24,
of the same year. He was elected President of
the State Senate and later became a judge of the
Circuit Court of South Carolina. General Ker-
shaw died at Camden, South Carolina, April 13,
1894.

Major-General Charles William Field
(U.S.M.A. 1849) was born in Woodford County,
Kentucky, in 1818. He served in the Second
Dragoons until May, 1861, when he resigned to
enter the Confederate service, and was appointed
brigadier-general on March 14, 1862. On Feb-
ruary 12, 1864, he was appointed major-general.
He served at Gaines' ]\Iill, the Second Bull Run,
the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, Drewry's BlufF, and
in the campaign around Petersburg; being in
command of Field's Division of the First Army
Corps. General Field died in Wasliington, D. C,
April 9, 1892.

Major-General Cadmus Marcellfs Wilcox
(U.S.M.A. 1846) was born in Wayne County,
North Carolina, May 29, 1826. He served with
distinguished bravery in the Mexican War and
was brevetted for gallantry and meritorious con-
duct at Chapultepec, acting as assistant instructor
at West Point (1852-57) and becoming a Cap-
tain in 1860. On June 8, 1861, he resigned to
enter the Confederate service. He was made a
brigadier-general October 21, 1861, and served
at Seven Pines, the Second Bull Run, and in the
Antietam campaign ; his name being associated
with a brigade that achieved notable reputation
during the war. It was composed of the Eighth,
Ninth, Tenth, and Eleventh Alabama regiments
and Thomas' Artillery, and was in Longstreet's
division of the Army of Northern Virginia. It
made a striking record in the Seven Days' battles,
where it sustained a loss of 1055, or 57 per cent,
of its entire number. Later this brigade was in
General R. H. Anderson's division, to the com-
mand of which General Wilcox succeeded. He also
participated at the battle of Gettysburg and served
through a number of campaigns in the Array of
Northern Virginia until the final surrender at Ap-
is

pomattox. He was appointed a major-general in
1863. From 1886 until his death, on December 2,
1890, he was chief of the Railroad Division of the
General Land Office at Washington, D. C. He
wrote a " History of the JMexican War," which is
regarded as the standard military work on the
subject.

Major-General Robert E. Rodes was bom
at Lynchburg, Virginia, INIarch 29, 1829. He was
graduated at the Virginia INlilitary Institute at
Lexington in 1848, and was a professor there un-
til appointed captain of the IMobilc Cadets early
in 1861. He was made colonel of the Fifth Ala-
bama and in October, 1861, was appointed
brigadier-general. He served at the First Battle
of Bull Run and at the battles of Seven Pines
and Gaines' Mills, and distinguished himself in
conmiand of Rodes' Brigade, which was composed
of Alabama troops in Hill's Division of Jackson's
Coi-ps, Army of Northern Virginia. On May 7,
1863, General Rodes was appointed major-gen-
eral and he commanded a division at Chancellors-
villc and Gettysburg in Ewell's Second Corps of
the Army of Northern Virginia. He also par-
ticipated in the Wilderness campaign and in the
operations in the Slienandoah valley, where he was
killed in action at Winchester, September 19, 1864.

Major-General George Edward Pickett
(U.S.M.A. 1846) was bom at Richmond, Vir-
ginia, June 28, 1828. He served in the Mexican
War, receiving the brevet of first lieutenant for
gallant service at Contreras and Churubusco, and
also the brevet of lieutenant for distinguished
service at Chapultepec. He served with the regu-
lar army in the Territory of Washington, and at
various posts in the West until June 25, 1861,
when he resigned. He was appointed a colonel
in the Confederate army, on July 23, and on
January 14, 1862, he was appointed as brigadier-
general. He served in command of a brigade in
Longstreet's division of General Joseph E. John-
ston's Army, and on October 11 he was made
major-general, commanding a division in the
Army of Northern Virginia. General Pickett
made a memorable charge against the Federal
front at Cemetery Hill on the third day of Get-
tysburg, his division having reached the field on
that day. In September, 1863, General Pickett
commanded the Department of North Carohna
and operated against Drewry's Bluff in the fol-
lowing year, after his return to Virginia. He
was defeated at Lynchburg in an attempt to
'■]

James Chestnut, Aide to Beauregard Johnson Hagood, Defender of Rich- Arthur M. Manigault, Colonel 10th
at Fort Sumter. mond and Petersburg. Regiment.

oppose Sheridan's cavalry in March, 1865, and also
at Dinwiddie Court House and Five Forks. He
surrendered with the Army of Nortliern A'irginia
and at the conclusion of the war he settled in Rich-
mond, where he died in 1875.

Major-Generai. William Henry Fitzhugh
Lee was born at Arlington, Vii'ginia, May 31,
1837, the second son of General Robert E. Lee.
For two years he served as second lieutenant with
the Sixth JJ. S. Infantry, resigning in May, 1859.
At the outbreak of the Civil War he entered the
Confederate Army in a Virginia cavalry regiment,
was made a brigadier-general to rank from Sep-
tember 15, 1862, being promoted to major-gen-
eral, April 23, 1864. During the Peninsula cam-
paign General Lee, then colonel commanding the
Ninth Virginia Cavah'y, participated in Stuart's
ride around McClellan's army. In the Chancellors-
ville campaign General Lee was in command of a
body of cavalry which fought with the Union Cav-
alry of General Stoneman under the immediate
command of General Averell. General Lee's bri-
gade also participated in the Gettysburg cam-
paign, forming one of the six brigades commanded
by Major-General J. E. B. Stuart. General Lee
with his cavalry opposed the advances of Gen-
eral Sheridan in his Trevilian raid when Wilson
was sent out to cut the Weldon and South Side
Road ; and at the Petersburg campaign his cavalry
participated actively, making many valiant assaults
on the Federal lines. Before the surrender of Ap-
pomattox, General Lee with his cavalry aided Gen-
eral Gordon in keeping back the Union advances
and protecting the wagon-trains of the Confeder-
ate army. He was paroled at Appomattox Court
House, April 9, 1865, and died at Ravensworth,
Fairfax County, Virginia, October 15, 1891.

Major-General George Washington Custis
Lee (U.S.M.A. 1854) was born at Fortress Mon-
roe, Virginia, September 16, 1832, and was the
eldest son of General Robert E. Lee. LTpon grad-
uation from the United States Military Academy
he joined the corps of engineers, in which he served
until May 2, 1861, when he resigned to enter the
Confederate Army. The greater part of his service
was as aide to President Jefferson Davis. He was
appointed major-general serving with the volun-
teer troops with temporary rank on February 7,
1865, the commission dating from October 20,
1864. On the same date he was also made full
major-general. He was captured at Sailor's Creek,
April 6, 1865, and was paroled six days later,
which parole was extended until April 23, 1865.

[5

In addition to serving as aide to President Davis,
General Lee was in command of military forces in
the city of Richmond. In the latter part of the
war he connnanded a division of Ewell's corps,
and it was at this time that his division was
captured along with that of General Kershaw.
After the war he became professor of civil en-
gineering at the Virginia Military Institute, and
in 1871 he succeeded his father, — General Robert
E. Lee, — as president of the Washington & Lee
LTniverJiity. This position he held until 1897,
when he became president emeritus.

Major-General Matthew Calvin Butler
was born near Greenville, South Carolina, March
8, 1836. He was admitted to the South Carolina
bar in 1856, and in addition to practising law was
elected to the State legislature in 1859. At the
outbreak of the Civil War he entered the Confed-
erate Army as captain, and rose to the command
of the Second South Carolina Cavalry, which
fought a notable action at Brandy Station on
June 10, 1863, in which Colonel Butler lost his
right leg. He was appointed brigadier-general,
September 2, 1863. In the following year General
Butler had command of a brigade consisting of the
Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth South Carolina Cavalry,
which was included in General Wade Hampton's
division and operated with the Army of Northern
Mrginia. General Butler participated in the bat-
tle of Trevilian Station on June 12, 1864, com-
manding General Hampton's division, where he
was engaged with the cavalry of General Sheridan,
and later broke through General J. H. Wilson's
lines. General Butler was sent to. resist the onward
march of Sherman through North Carolina, and
he participated in the battle of Bentonville. He
had previously, December 7, 1864, been appointed
major-general. After the surrender at Greens-
boro, General Butler was paroled. May 1, 1865.
Entering politics again after the war, General But-
ler met with rapid advancement, and was United
States Senator from South Carolina from 1877 to
1889. At the outbreak of the Spanish War he was
made a major-general of volunteers, jNIay 28, 1898,
and served until honorably discharged, April 15,
1899. He was a member of the commission ap-
pointed by President McKinley to arrange for the
evacuation of Cuba by the Spaniards. General
Butler died at Columbus, S. C, April 14, 1909.

Major-General William Mahoxe was born
at Monroe, Southampton County, Virginia, De-
cember 1, 1826. Graduating from the Virginia
Military Institute in 1847, he followed the profcs-
1

.Idliii Hnillon Li'd a Brigade in Long- Thdiiias M. Logan Led a Cavalry Nathan G. Evans, Commander of a
street's Corps. Brigade in Lee's Army. District on tlie Atlantic Coast.

Ellison Capers Led a Brigade in the John I). Kenn<'dy Led a Brigade in John Preston, Chief cf the Bureau
Army of Tennessee. Long.street's Corps. of Con.seription.

sion of civil engineering until the outbrecak of the
Civil War, when he entered the Confederate Army.
He participated in the capture of the Norfolk
Navy Yard by the Virginia volunteers, raised and
commanded the Sixth Virginia regiment and on
November 16, 1861, he was appointed brigadier-
general in the Confederate Army in ]\Iarch, 1864.
In the battle of Seven Pines, General Mahone com-
manded a brigade in Huger's Division, while at
Malvern Hill also his troops were engaged. Gen-
eral Mahone also fought in the Chancellorsville and
Gettysburg campaigns, as well as in the Wilder-
ness. At the North Anna on May 24th, General
Mahone made a desperate attack on Warren's
Corps, driving it back. On August 3, 1864, Gen-

eral Mahone was promoted to be major-general.
He was active in the brilliant repulse of the Fed-
eral attack after the explosion of the mine at
Petersburg and in the various operations about
the Weldon Railroad. General Mahone was pres-
ent at the last struggles of the war, and was
paroled at Appomattox Court House, April 9,
1865. After the war he was m.ade president
of the Norfolk and Tennessee Railroad and be-
came a leading figure in Virginia politics, being
elected to the United States Senate in 1880, where
he acted with the Republican party. He failed
of re-election on the expiration of his term in
1887, and died at Washington, D. C, October
9, 1893.

[286]

VIII

THE ORGANIZATIONS
OF THE
VETERANS

I

COPYRIGHT. 191 t, REVIEW OF HEVIEWS,

THE GERM OF THE "G A R." IDEA

William W. Silkworth, of Long Branch, New Jersey, a veteran who had an opportunity to inspect some of the pictures reproduced
in the Photographic History, recognized this group as Company B, 170th Regiment, New York Volunteers. "You cannot appreciate
or understand fully my amazement and joy in the discovery," lie wrote to the editors. "There right in the front of tlie picture sits my
brother playing cards (You will note that he is left handed. We laid him away in front of Petersburg). With him is John Vandewater,
Geo. Thomas and Wash. Keating. There is Charlie Thomas and all the rest as true as life. With the exception of two, I have not seen
any of the boys for thirty years." It was at such moments as this, when the Federal soldiers jjlayed games and chatted and became
1288]

UNION RESERVES ON PICKET DUTY

acquainted, that the organization was being evolved which has grown into a leading national institution since its formation at Decatin-,
Illinois, on April 6, 1866. Between the men who had fought and marched and suffered together, who time out of mind had shared
their last crust and saved each others' lives, who had nursed each other and cheered each other on when another step forward seemed to
mean certain death, there arose a great love that extended to the widows and orphans of those whose dying words they had heard on the
field of battle. Ever since that time the organization has lent assistance to those reduced to need by the inexorable war. It admits to
membership any soldier or sailor (if the United States .\rniy. Navy or Marine Corps, w'ho served between .\pril 12. 1861. and .\pril 9, 1865.

By John E. Oilman, Commander-in-Chief, Grand Army of the Republic

AT the close of tlie Civil War, there were over
a million men in the Union armies. Nearly
two and a half million had served under the Stars
and Stripes during the four long years of war-
fare, of whom three hundred and fifty-nine thou-
sand had died. It was essential that those still in
the service should disband and retire to civilian
life. This was effected after a grand parade of
the armies of the Potomac, the Tennessee, and of
Georgia, on May 23 and 24, 1865, when one hun-
dred and fifty thousand men marched through the
wide avenues of Washington in review before the
President and the commanding generals. From
the glare and glory, the power and prestige of
the soldier's career, they went into the obscurity of
the peaceful pursuits of American citizenship, and
in a few short months the vast armies of the United
States had disappeared.

The great war was ended, but it would have
been strange indeed if the memories of those years
of storm and stress, the sacrifices of those who
had fallen, the experiences of the march, the battle-
field, and the camp, and the needs of their disabled
comrades, and of the widows and the orphans had
been forgotten.

Even before the war had ended, organizations
of veterans of the Union armies had begun to be
formed. The first veteran society formed. The
Third Army Corps Union, was organized at the
headquarters of General D. B. Binicy, commander
of the Third Army Corps, at a meeting of the
officers of the corps, September 2, 1863. The
main object, at that time, was to secure funds for
embalming and sending home for burial the bodies
of officers killed in battle or dying in hospitals at
the front. General D. A. Sickles was its first
president.

In April, 1865, the Society of the Army of the
Tennessee was formed at Raleigh, North Carolina,
membership being restricted to officers who had
served with the old Army of the Tennessee. The
object was declared to be " to keep alive that
kindly and cordial feeling which has been one of
the characteristics of this army during its career
in the service." General Sherman was elected
president in 1869, and continued to hold the office
for many years.

After the war, many other veteran societies

were formed, composed not only of officers but of
enlisted men of the various armies, corps, and regi-
ments, as well as many naval organizations.
Among them, the Military Order of the Loyal Le-
gion of the United States was the first society
formed by officers honorably discharged from the
service. It was first thought of at a meeting of a
group of officers who had met the day after the
assassination of President Lincoln for the purpose
of passing resolutions on his death. These reso-
lutions were subsequently adopted, and it was de-
termined to effect a permanent organization. This
was done May 3, 1865, and a constitution and
by-laws were, in part, adopted the same month.
The titles of officers, the constitution, and general
plan, were, in part, afterward adopted by the
Grand Army of the Republic. The essential dif-
ference was that first-class membership of the
Loyal Legion was restricted to officers.

Besides the foregoing organizations of veterans,
there were others formed of a political nature,
such as the Boys in Blue and other similar socie-
ties, and there were held in September, 1866, two
political conventions of veterans of the army and
navy. These political soldiers' clubs were the re-
sult of the times, for the controversy between Con-
gress and President Johnson was at its height. In
the East, after the fall elections of 1866, most of
these political clubs of veterans were ready to dis-
band. The desire for a permanent organization
of veterans became strong. No post of the Grand
Army had been organized east of Ohio prior to
October, 1866. Posts were started, and inasmuch
as eligibility to membership in the Grand Army
was possessed by those who composed the member-
ship of these political clubs, the Boys in Blue and
similar clubs formed, in many places, the nucleus
of the Grand Army posts.

This fact gave, in good part, a political tinge
to the Grand Army during the first year or two
of its existence, and to it was due, chiefly, the
severe losses in membership that the order sus-
tained for a short period. But, eventually, the po-
litical character was wholly eradicated, and the
order recovered its standing and its losses.

During the winter of 1865-66, Major B. F.
Stephenson, surgeon of the Fourteenth Illinois
regiment, discussed with friends the matter of the

GillushalVniiypacker, Colo- Joshua T. Owi-ns, Colonel Janu-s A. Ucaver, Colonel Isaac J. Wistar, Originally
nel of the !)~th Regiment. of the COth Regiment. of the 148th Regiment. Colonel of the 71st Reg't.

Joshua K. Sigfried, Originally Colo-
nel of the 48th Regiment.

FEDERAL GENERALS
No. 23
PENNSYLVANLV

David H. Williams, Originally Colo-
nel of the 82d Infantry.

John B. .Mcintosh, Origi-
nally Colonel of the 3d
Cavalry.

Frederick S. Stumhaugh, Thomas J. McKean Led Montgomery C. Meigs,
Originally Colonel of a Division at Quartermaster-General

the 2d Infantry. Corinth. of the Army.

[D-19]

formation of an organization of veteran soldiers.
He had, previously, while the war was still con-
tinuing, talked over the formation of such an or-
ganization witli his tent-mate, Chaplain William J.
Kutledge of the same regiment, and both had
agreed to undertake the work of starting such a
project after tlie war was ended, if they survived.

At the national encampment in St. Louis, in
1887, it was stated by Fred. J. Dean, of Fort Scott,
Arkansas, that in February, 1866, he, with Doctors
Hamilton and George H. Allen, assisted Doctor
Stephenson in compiling ritualistic work, constitu-
tion, and by-laws at Springfield, Illinois, and these
four assumed the obligations of tlie Grand Army
of the Republic at tliat time. It is conceded th;it
the initiatory stej)s to constitute the order were
taken in Illinois, and Doctor Stephenson's name
is the first one connected witb the systematic or-
ganization of the Grand Army. He and his co-
workers were oi)lig;ite(l in the work. Several other
veterans joined with them, and a ritual was
prepared.

The question of printing this ritual occasioned
some anxiety on account of the desire to keep it
secret, but this difficulty was solved by having it
printed at the office of the Decatur (Illinois)
Tribune, the proprietor of which, together with
his compositors, were veterans. They were ac-
cordingly obligated, and the ritual was printed by
them. Captain John S. Phelps, one of the active
associates of Doctor Stephenson, who bad gone
to Decatur to supervise the work of printing the
ritual, had met several of his conu'ades of the
Forty-first Illinois and had sought their coopera-
tion. One of them. Doctor J. W. Routh, who
was acquainted with Doctor Stephenson, went to
Springfield to consult the latter al)out organiz-
ing, and, with Captain M. F. Kanan, called upon
Doctor Stephenson. They returned to Decatur to
organize a post there, and at once set to work and
secured a sufficient number of signatures to an
application for a charter. They returned to
Springfield to present the application in person.
On April 6, 1866, Doctor Stephenson issued the
charter, signing it as (lepartment commander of
Illinois, thus creating the first post of the Grand
Army of the Republic. The ritual was revised and
a constitution written by a committee from this
post, at the suggestion of Doctor Stephenson. The
connnittec reported that the regulations and ritual
had been presented to department headquarters
and accepted. The plan of organization consisted
of post, district, department, and national organ-
izations, to be known as the Grand Army of the
Republic.

The declaration of principles in the constitution,
written by Adjutant-General Robert M. Woods,
set forth that the soldiers of the volunteer army of
the United States, during the war of 1861-65, act-
uated by patriotism and combined in fellowship,
felt called upon to declare those principles and
rules which should guide the patriotic freeman and
Christian citizen, and to agree upon plans and
laws which should govern them in a united and
systematic working method to effect the preserva-
tion of the grand results of the war. These re-
sults included the preservation of fraternal feel-
ings, the making of tliese ties advantageous to
those in need of assistance, the providing for the
support, care, and education of soldiers' orphans,
and maintenance of their widows, the protection
and assistance of disabled soldiers, and the " estab-
lishment and defense of the late soldiery of the
ITnited States, morally, socially, and politically,
with a view to incidcate a proper appreciation of
their services to the country, and to a recognition
of such services and claims by the American
people."

To this last section, the national enc;unpmcnt in
Philadelphia, in 1868, added, " But this associa-
tion does not design to make nominations for office
or to use its influence as a secret organization for
partisan purposes." The word " sailors " was
added by the Indianapolis encampment. In May,
1869, the present form of rules and regulations '
was ado})ted.

Post No. 2 of the Department of Illinois was J
organized at Springfield, as stated by General '
Webber, in April, 1866.

In 1865, in Indiana, correspondence relating i
to the continuance of the Army Club, a society of |
veterans, had come to the hands of Governor Oli-
ver P. jMorton, of Indiana. He sent General R. S.
Foster, of Indianapolis, to Springfield, to examine
into Doctor Stephenson's plan of organization.
General Foster met the latter, and was obligated
by him. On his return, he obligated a number of
his intimate comrades, and these he constituted as
a department organization. The first post of this
department was organized at Indianapolis, on the
'il9.d of August, 1866.

Doctor Stephenson had issued, as department
connnander, General Orders No. 1, on April 1,
1866, at Springfield, in which he announced the
following officers : General Jules C. Webber, aide-
de-camp and chief of staff; ^lajor Robert M.
Woods, adjutant-general; Colonel John M. Sny-
der, quartermaster-general ; Captain John S.
Phelps, aide-de-camp, and Captain John A. Light- |
foot, assistant adjutant-general, on duty at the de-

Ali'xantk'r Schiminclpfennig, Originally
Colonel of the 14th Infantry.

George A. .M( ( all. (Onniiander of the Alhert L. Lee 1-<'(1 aCavalry .losliua 15. Howell, Originally

Pennsylvania Reserves in ("olumn in the Red River Colonel of the 85th

the Sev<'n Days. Campaign. Ilegiment.

partment headquarters. On June 26, 1866, a call
had been issued for a convention, to be held at
Springfield, Illinois, July 12, 1866. The conven-
tion was held on this date and the Department of
Illinois organized. General John M. Palmer being
elected department commander. Doctor Stephen-
son was recognized, however, in the adoption of a
resolution which proclaimed him as " the head and
front of the organization." He continued to act as
conmiander-in-chief.

In October, 1866, departments had been formed
in Illinois, Wisconsin, Indiana, Iowa, and Minne-
sota, and posts had been organized in Ohio, Mis-
souri, Kentucky, Arkansas, District of Columbia,
Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania. On
October 31, 1866, Doctor Stephenson issued Gen-
eral Orders No. 13, directing a national conven-
tion to be held at Indianapolis, November 20, 1866,
signing this order as commander-in-chief. In ac-
cordance with this order, the First National En-
campment of the Grand Army of the Republic
convened at Indianapolis on the date appointed,
and was called to order by Commander-in-Chief
Stephenson. A committee on permanent organi-
zation was appointed and its report nominating
the officers of the convention was adopted, and
General John M. Palmer became the presiding
officer of the convention. The committee on con-
stitution submitted a revised form of the consti-
tution which, with a few amendments, was adopted.
Resolutions were adopted calling the attention of
Congress to the laws in regard to bounties, recom-
mending the passage of a law making it obligatory
for every citizen to give actual service when called
upon in time of war, instead of providing a substi-
tute, and suggesting, for the consideration of those
in authority, the bestowal of positions of honor and
profit upon worthy and competent soldiers and sail-
ors. General S. A. Hurlbut, of Illinois, was elected
commander-in-chief and Doctor Stephenson, adju-
tant-general.

The national organization of the Grand Army
of the Republic was thus fairly started. The
Second National Encampment was held at Phila-
delphia, January 15, 16, and 17, 1868, when
General John A. Logan was elected connnander-
in-chief. At the Third National Encampment at
Cincinnati, May 12 and 13, 1869, General Logan
was reelected commander-in-chief. It appears
from Adjutant-General Chipman's report at this
encampment that, at the Philadelphia encamp-
ment in 1868, there were represented twenty-one
departments, which claimed a total membership of
over two hundred thousand. But there had been
very few records kept, either in departments or at

[294

national headquarters, and there seems to have
been very little communication between posts and
headquarters. At the Cincinnati encampment, the
adjutant-general reported that the aggregate num-
ber of departments was thirty-seven, and that the
number of posts, reported and estimated, was 2050.
At the encampment at Cincinnati, in 1869, the
grade system of membership was adopted, estab-
lishing three grades of recruit, soldier, and vet-
eran. This system met with serious opposition and
was finally abandoned at the encampment at Bos-
ton, in 1871. It was claimed that to this system
much of the great falling-of¥ in membership was
due. It is a fact that, at this period, thei*e had
been a large decrease in the numbers in the order,
particularly in the West. But the cause of this
may be laid to a variety of reasons. The order,
at first, seems to have had a rapid growth. Be-
cause of the incompleteness of the records, it is im-
possible even to estimate what the strength of the
membership in those early days was. But the real
solidity of the order was not established until some
years had passed.

On May 5, 1868, Commander-in-Chief Logan,
by General Orders No. 11, had assigned May 30,
1868, as a memorial day which was to be devoted
to the strewing of flowers on the graves of deceased
comrades who had died in the defense of their
country during the Civil War. The idea of Me-
morial Day had been suggested to Adjutant-Gen-
eral Chipman in a letter from some comrade then
living in Cincinnati, whose name has been lost. At
the encampment at Washington, in 1870, Memo-
rial Day was established by an amendment to the
rules and regulations. It has been made a holiday
in many of the States, and is now observed through-
out the country, not only by the Grand Army but
by the people generally, for the decoration of the
graves of the soldiers.

The first badge of the order was adopted in
1866. A change was made in October, 1868, in its
design, and a further change in October, 1869. At
the national encampment of 1873, the badge was
adopted which is substantially the one that exists
to-day, a few minor changes being made in 1886.
It is now made from captured cannon purchased
from the Government. The bronze button worn
on the lapel of the coat was adopted in 1884.

The matter of pensions has, in the nature of
things, occupied much of the time of the Grand
Army encampments, both national and depart-
mental. The order has kept careful watch over
pension legislation ; its recommendations have
been conservative, and of late years have been
adopted by Congress to a very great extent. Aid
]

John p. McC own; At Belmont, in 1801. John C. Brown Lfd a Division in the William H. Jackson Led a Brigade
Later Led a Division. Army of Tennessee. of Forrest's Cavalry.

Intteii (Enufriirratr TIrtrrana

has been given to veterans and widows entitled to
pensions, by cooperation with the Pension Office in
obtaining and furnishing information for the
adjudication of claims.

The Grand Army has been assisted in carrying
out its purposes by its allied orders, the Woman's
Relief Corps, the Sons of Veterans, the Daughters
of Veterans, and the Ladies of the G. A. R. These
organizations have adopted the principles and pur-
poses that have actuated the Grand Army and have
given much valued aid in the acliievement of the
results obtained.

The Grand Army of the Republic before the end
of the nineteenth century had passed the zenith of
its career. Its membership remained about the same
in numbers after its first great leap and subsequent
subsidence, varying between 25,000 and 50,000
from 1870 to 1880. During the decade between
1880 and 1890 it rose to its highest number of -109,-
489. Since then it has decreased, through death,
in very great part, until, at the national encamp-
ment of 1910, at Atlantic City, it had diminished
to 213,901. Its posts exist througliout the length
and breadth of the country, and even outside, and
nearly every State has a department organization.
Its influence is felt in every city, town, and vil-
lage, and it has earned the good-will and support
of the entire American people. Among its leaders
have been some of the most prominent men of the
country. Its commanders-in-chief have been :

B. F. Stcplienson, Illinois,

S. A. Hurlhut, Illinois,

John A. Logan, Illinois,

Ambrose E. Burnside, Rhode Island,

1866
1 866-67
1868-70
1871-72

C harles Dcvens,

Massachusetts,

1873-74

John ¥. Hartranft,

Pennsylvania,

1875-76

John C. Robinson,

New York,

1877-78

William Earnshaw,

Ohio,

1879

Louis Wagner,

Pennsylvania,

1880

George S. Merrill,

Massachusetts,

1881

Paul Van Dervoort,

Nebraska,

1882

Robert B. Bcath,

Pennsylvania,

1883

John S. Kountz,

Ohio,

1884

S. S. Burdctt,

Dist. of Columbia,

1885

Lucius Faircliild,

Wisconsin,

1886

Jolm P. Rea,

Minnesota,

1887

William Warner,

Missouri,

1888

Russell A. Alger,

Michigan,

1889

Wheelock G. Veazey,

Vermont,

1890

John Palmer,

New York,

1891

A. G. Weissert,

Wisconsin,

1892

John G. B. Adams,

Massachusetts,

1893

Thomas G. Lawler,

Illinois,

1894

Ivan X. Walker,

Indiana,

1895

T. S. Clarkson,

Nebraska,

1896

John P. S. Gobin,

Pennsylvania,

1897

.Tames A. Sexton,

Illinois,

1898

W. C. Johnson,

Ohio,

1899

Albert D. Shaw,

New York,

1899

Leo Rassieur,

Missouri,

1900

Ell Torrence,

Minnesota,

1901

Thomas J. Stewart,

Pennsylvania,

1902

John C. Black,

Illinois.

1.903

ilmon W. Blackmar,

Massachusetts,

1904

John R. King,

Maryland,

1904

James Tanner,

Dist. of Columbia,

1905

Robert B. Brown,

Ohio,

1906

Charles G. Burton,

Missouri,

1907

Henry M. Nevius,

New Jersey,

1908

Samuel R. Van Sant.

Minnesota,

1909

John E. Gilman,

Massachusetts,

1910

Lliram M. Trimble,

Illinois,

1911

By S. a, Cunningham, Late Sergeant-Major, Confederate States Army,
AND Founder and Editor of "The Confederate Veteran"

THE organization known as the United Con-
federate Veterans was formed in New Or-
leans, June 10, 1889. The inception of the idea
for a large and united association is credited to
Colonel J. F. Shipp, a gallant Confederate, com-
mander of N. B. Forrest Camp, of Chattanooga,
Tennessee — the third organized — who was in suc-
cessful business for years with a Union veteran.
Colonel Shipp had gone to New Orleans in the in-
terest of the Chattanooga and Chickamauga Mili-

tary Park, and there proposed a general organi-
zation of Confederates on the order of the Grand
Army of the Republic, his idea being to bring into
a general association the State organizations, one
of which in Virginia, and another in Tennessee,
had already been organized.

Following these suggestions, a circular was sent
out from New Orleans in regard to the proposed
organization, and the first meeting was held in
that city on June 10, 1889, the organization being

[296]

ROBKRT \'. niCHAHDSON SaMUEI, R. AnDERSON BENJAMIN ,1. HlI.L .IaMES A. SmITH

Commanded a Tennessee Commander of a Tennessee Provost-Marshal-General Army Led a Brigade in Cleburne's

Brieado Briijade. of Tennessee. Division.

' , , =^ TENNESSEE ' =

I.iK irs M \\Ai.Khit Alexander W. Campbeli.

Led a Calvary Brif!;ade in the Army of the West. Led a Brigade of Forrest's Cavalry.

perfected under tlie name of United Confederate
Veterans, with F. S. Washington, of New Orleans,
as president, and J. A. Chalaron, secretary. A
constitution was adopted, and Lieutenant-General
John B. Gordon, of Georgia, was elected gen-
eral and commander-in-chief. At this meeting
there were representatives from the different Con-
federate organizations already in existence in
the States of Louisiana, Mississippi and Ten-
nessee.

While giving Colonel Shipp credit for suggest-
ing the general organization of the United Con-
federate Veterans, the important part played by
the Louisiana camps in furthering the association
must be emphasized. The previously existing or-
ganizations became the first numbers in the larger
association. The Army of Northern A'irginia, of
New Orleans, became Camp No. 1 ; Army of Ten-
nessee, New Orleans, No. 2 ; and LeRoy Stafford
Camp, Shreveport, No. 3. The N. B. Forrest
Camp, of Chattanooga, Tennessee, became No. 4 ;
while Fred. Ault Camp, of Knoxville, is No. 5.
There are other camps, not among the first in the
list, which are among the most prominent in the
organization. For instance, Tennessee had an
organizatioji of bivouacs, the first and largest of
which was Frank Cheatham, No. 1, of Nashville,
but which is Camp No. 35, U. C. V. Then, Rich-
mond, Virginia, had its R. E. Lee Camp, which
has ever been of the most prominent, and was the
leader in a great soldiers' home movement. In the
U. C. V. camp-list, the R. E. Lee, of Richmond, is
No. 181. The camps increased to a maximum of
more than fifteen hundred, but with the passage of
years many have ceased to be active.

While the organization was perfected in New
Orleans, the first reunion of United Confederate
Veterans was held in Chattanooga, Tennessee,
July 3 to .5, 1890. To this reunion invitations
were extended " to veterans of both armies and to
citizens of the Republic," and the dates purposely
included Independence Day.

The first comment both in the North and South
was, " Why keep up the strife or the memory of
it.^ " but it was realized that such utterances were
from those who did not comprehend the scope of
the organization of United Confederate Veterans,
which, from the very outset, was clear in the minds
of its founders. It was created on high lines,
and its first commander was the gallant soldier.
General John B. Gordon, at the time governor of
Georgia, and later was United States senator.
General Gordon was continued as commander-in-
chief until his death.

The nature and object of the organization can-

15

not be explained better than by quoting from its
constitution.

The first article declares :

" The object and purpose of this organization
will be strictly social, literary, historical, and be-
nevolent. It will endeavor to unite in a general
federation all associations of the Confederate vet-
erans, soldiers and sailors, now in existence or
hereafter to be foraied; to gather authentic data
for an impartial history of the War between the
States ; to preserve the relics or memories of the
same; to cherish the ties of friendship that exist
among the men who have shared common dangers,
common suffering and privations ; to care for the
disabled and extend a helping hand to the needy ;
to protect the widow and orphan, and to make and
preserve the record of the services of every mem-
ber and, as far as possible, of those of our com-
rades who have preceded us in eternity."

Likewise, the last article provides that neither
discussion of political or religious subjects nor
any political action shall be permitted in the or-
ganization, and that any association violating that
provision shall forfeit its membership.

The notes thus struck in the constitution of the
United Confederate Veterans were reechoed in the
opening speech of the first commander-in-chief.
General Gordon, addressing the Veterans and the
public, said :

" Comrades, no argument is needed to secure for
those objects your enthusiastic endorsement. They
have burdened your thoughts for many years.
You have cherished them in sorrow, poverty, and
humiliation. In the face of misconstruction, you
have held them in your hearts with the strength of
religious convictions. No mis judgments can de-
feat your peaceful purposes for the future. Your
aspirations have been lifted by the mere force and
urgency of surrounding conditions to a plane far
above the paltry consideration of partisan tri-
umphs. The honor of the American Government,
the just powers of the Federal Government, the
equal rights of States, the integrity of the Consti-
tutional Union, the sanctions of law, and the en-
forcement of order have no class of defenders more
true and devoted than the ex-soldiers of the South
and their worthy descendants. But you realize the
great truth that a people without the memories of
heroic suffering or sacrifice are a people without
a history.

" To cherish such memories and recall such a
past, whether crowned with success or consecrated
in defeat, is to idealize principle and strengthen
character, intensify love of country, and convert
defeat and disaster into pillars of support for

Gideon D. Pillow, Oppoin'iit of (iniiit
in Grant's First Battle — Bt-lmont.

Wiiliaiu II. Camill
Led a Hrigade in
East Tennessee.

John < '. ( arlcr, ( )rif,'-
inally Colonel of the
38tli Regiment.

John ( '.Vanglien, ( oin-
niander of a Cav-
alry Brigade.

CONFEDERATE GENERAXS

(ieorge W. Gordon
Le<l a Brigade in
Army of Tennessee.

Alfred J. Vaughn Led
a Brigade in Gen-
eral Polk's Corps.

Henry B. Davidson
Led a Brigade of
Wheeler's Cavalry.

No. 20— TENNESSEE

Tyree H. Bell Led a Cavalry Com- William McComb l^ed a Brigade Joseph B. Palmer Led a Brigade in

mand under Forrest. in R. E. I>>e"s Army, General Polk's Corps.

future manhood and noble womanhood. Whether
the Southern people, under their changed condi-
tions, may ever hope to witness another civilization
which shall equal that which began with their
Washington and ended with their I.ce, it is cer-
tainly true that devotion to their glorious past is
not only the surest guarantee of future progress
and the holiest bond of unity, but is also the strong-
est claim they can present to the confidence and
respect of the other sections of the Union."

Referring to the new organization, General Gor-
don said :

" It is political in no sense, except so far as the
word ' political ' is a synonym of the word ' patri-
otic' It is a brotherhood over which the genius
of philanthropy and patriotism, of truth and jus-
tice will preside; of phihmthropy, because it will
succor the disabled, help the needy, strengthen the
weak, and cheer the disconsolate ; of patriotism,
because it will cherish the past glories of the dead
Confederacy and transmute them into living inspi-
rations for future service to the living Republic ;
of truth, because it will seek to gather and pre-
serve, as witnesses for history, the unimpeachable
facts which shall doom falsehood to die that truth
may live; of justice, because it will cultivate na-
tional as well as Southern fraternity, and will
condemn narrow-mindedness and prejudice and
passion, and cultivate that broader and higher and
nobler sentiment which would write on the grave
of every soldier who fell on our side, ' Here lies an
American hero, a martyr to the riglit as his con-
science conceiv^ed it.' "

The reunions, thus happily inaugurated, became
at once popular a!ul have been held every year
except the first appointment at Birmingham, Ala-
bama, which was postponed from 1893 to 189-i.
No event in the South is comparable in widespread
interest to these reunions. Only the large cities
have been able to entertain the visitors, which range
in number between fifty thousand .and one hundred
thousand.

The greatest of all gatherings was at Richmond,
Virginia, June 30, 1907, when the superb monu-
ment to the only President of the Confederacy was
unveiled. There were probably a hundred thou-
sand people at the dedication. An idea of the
magnitude of these reunion conventions and the
interest in them may be had by reference to that
held in Little Rock, Arkansas, in May, 1911, a
city of a little more than thirty thousand iidiab-
itants, wherein over a hundred tliousand visitors
were entertained during the three days.

No finer evidences of genuine patriotism can be
found than in the proceedings of these conven-

tions. In fact, there are no more faithful patriots.
The Gray line of 1911 is not yet so thin as the
press contributions make it. True, the veterans
are growing feeble, but the joy of meeting com-
rades with whom they served in camp and battle
for four years — many of whom had not seen one
another in the interim — is insuppressible. It is
not given to men in this life to become more at-
tached to each other than are the Confederates.
They had no pay-roll to look to, and often but
scant rations, which they divided unstintedly. And
their defeat increased their mutual sympathy.

Yet, on the other hand, there is a just apprecia-
tion of their adversaries. The great body of Con-
federate veterans esteem the men who fought them,
far above the politician. They look confidently to
the better class of ITnion veterans to cooperate
with them in maintaining a truthful history.
IMaybe the time will come when the remnant of the
soldiers. North and South, will confer together for
the good of tlie country.

The Confederates have not pursued the excellent
method of rotation in office in their organization,
as have the Grand Army comrades. General John
B. Gordon sought to retire repeatedly, but his
comrades would not consent. At his death Gen-
eral Stephen D. Lee, next in rank, became com-
mander-in-chief. It was a difficult place to fill,
for there never was a more capable and charming
man in any place than was General Gordon as
commander-in-chief. However, General Lee was
so loyal, so just, and so zealous a Christian that
he grew rapidly in favor, and at his death there
was widespread sorrow. He was succeeded by
Ge7ieral Clement A. Evans, of Georgia, who pos-
sessed the same high qualities of Christian man-
hood, and he would have been continued through
life, as were his predecessors, but a severe illness,
which affected his throat, made a substitute neces-
sary, so he and General W. L. Cabell, commander
of the Trans-Mississippi Department from the be-
ginning— their rank being about equal — were made
honorary commanders-in-chief for life, and Gen-
eral George W. Gordon, a member of Congress
from Tennessee, was chosen as active commander-
in-chief in 1910. Generals Gordon, Cabell, and
Evans died in 1911. Each had a military funeral
in which U. S. Army officials took part.

Within a score of years there had developed a
close and cordial cooperation between the veterans
and sucli representative Southern organizations
as the Confederated Southern ^Memorial Associa-
tion, the Ignited Sons of Confederate Veterans, and
the United Daughters of the Confederacy. All are
devoted to the highest patriotic ideals.
'1

IX

ROSTEll
OF

GENERAL OFFICERS

HOTH UNION
AND CONFEDERATE

THE GENERAL-IN-CHIEF OF THE ARMIES OF THE UNITED STATES A
PICTURE OF GRANT WITH HIS FAVORITE CHARGER "CINCINNATI"
TAKEN AT COLD HARBOR ON JUNE 4, 1864, IN THE MIDST OF THE
"hammering policy" THAT IN TEN MONTHS TERMINATED THE WAR

This roster includes in alphabetical order under the various grades the names of all general officers either
of full rank or by brevet in the United States (Regular) Army and in the United States Volunteers during the
Civil War. The highest rank attained, whether full or by brevet, only is given, in order to avoid dujilications. It
is, of course, understood that in most cases the actual rank next below that conferred by brevet was held either in
the United States Army or the Volunteers. In some cases for distinguished gallantry or marked efficiency brevet
rank higher than the next grade above was given. The date is that of the appointment.

LIEUTENANT-GENERAL
United States Army
{Full Rank)
Grant, Ulysses S., Mar. 2, '64.

LIEUTENANT-GENERAL
United States Army
(By Brevet)
Scott, Winfield, Mar. 29, '47.

MAJOR-GENERALS
United States Army
{Full Rank)

Fremont, J. C, May 14, '61.
Halleck, H. W.. Aug. 19, '61.
Hancock, Winfielrl, July 26, '66.
McCIelian, G. B., May 14, '61.
Meade, G. G., Aug. 18, '64.
Sheridan, P. H., Nov. 8, '64.
Sherman, Wm. T., Aug. 12, '64.
Thomas, Geo. H., Dec. 15, '64.
Wool, John E., May 16, '62.

MAJOR-GENERALS
United States Army
{Bij Brevet)

Allen, Robert, Mar. 13, '65.
Ames, Adelbert, Mar. 13, '65.
Anderson, Robert, Feb. 3, '65.
Arnold, Richard, Mar. 13, '65.
Augur, Chris. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Averell, Wm. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Ayres, R. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Baird, Absalom, Mar. 13, '65.
Barnard, John G., Mar. 13, '65.
Barnes, Joseph K., Mar. 13, '65.
Barry, Wm. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Beckwith, Amos, Mar. 13, '65.
Benham, H. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Brannan, J. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Brice, Benj. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, Harvey, Aug. 2, '66.
Buchanan, R. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Butterfield, D., Mar. 13, '65.
Canby, Ed. S. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Carleton, J. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Carlin, Wm. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Carr, Eugene A., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Carroll. Sam. S., Mar. IS, '65.
Casey, Silas, Mar. 13, '65.

Clarke, Henry F., Mar. 13, '65.
Cook, P. St. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Cram, Thomas J., Jan 13, '66.
Crawford, S. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Crook, George, Mar. 13, '65.
Cro.ssman, G. H., Mar. 13, '65.
CuUum, Geo. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Custer, Geo. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Davidson, J. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Davis. Jef. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Dehifield, Rich., Mar. 13, '65.
Donaldson, J. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Doubleday, A., Mar. 13, '65.
Dyer, Alex. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Easton, L. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Eaton, Amos B., Mar. 13, '65.
Elliott, W. L., Nov. 13, '65.
Emory, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Fessenden, F., Mar. 13, '65.
Foster, John G., Mar. 13, '65.
Franklin, Wm. B., Mar. 13, '65.
French, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Fry, James B., Mar. 13, '65.
Garrard, Kenner, Mar. 13, '65.
Getty, Geo. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Gibbon, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Gibbs, .\lfred. Mar. 13, '65.
Gibson, Geo., Mav 30, "48.
Gillem, Alvan G., April 12, '65.
Gilmore, Q. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Granger, Gordon, Mar. 13, '65.
Granger, Robt. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Grierson, B. H., Mar. 2, '67.
Griffin, Charles, Mar. 13, '65.
Grover, Cuvier, Mar. 13, '65.
Hardie, James A., Mar. 13, '65.
Harnev, Wm. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Hartsiiff, G. L., Mar. 13, '65
Hatch, Edward, Mar. 2, '67.
Hawkins, J. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Hazen, Wm. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Heintzelman, S. P., Mar. 13,
'65.

Hoffman, Wm. Mar. 13, '65.
Holt, Joseph, Mar. 13, '65.
Hooker, Joseph, Mar. 13, '65.
Howard, O. O., Mar. 13, '65.
Howe, A. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Humphreys, A. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Hunt, Henry J., Mar. 13, '65.
Hunter, David, Mar. 13, '65.
Ingalls, Rufus. Mar. 13, '65.
Johnson, R. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Kautz, August V., Mar. 13, '65.
Ketchum, Wm. S., Mar. 13, '65.

I'

Kilpatrick, Judson, Mar. 13,
'65.

King, John H., Mar. 13, '65.
Long, Eli, Mar. 13, "65.
McCook, A. McD., Mar. 13,
'65.

McDowell, Irvin, Mar. 13,'65.
Mcintosh, Jolm B., Aug. 5, "62.
Marcy, R. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Meigs, Mont. C, July 5, '64.
Merritt, Wesley, Mar. 13, '65.
Miles, Nelson .4., Mar. 2, '67.
Morris, Wm. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Mower, J. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Newton, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Nichols, Wm. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Ord, Ed. O. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Parke, John G., Mar. 13, '65.
Pennypacker, G., Mar. 2, '67.
Pleasonton, A., Mar. 13, '65.
Pope, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Ramsey, Geo. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Rawlins, John A., April 9, '65.
Reynolds, J. J., Mar. 2, '67.
Ricketts, J. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Ripley, Jas. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Robinson, J. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Rosecrans, W. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Rousseau, L. H., Mar. 28, '67.
Rucker, D. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Ru.s.sell, David A., Sept. 19, "64.
Sackett, Deles B., Mar. 13, '65.
Schofield, J. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Schriver, E., Mar. 13, '65.
vSeymour, T., Mar. 13, '65.
Sherman, T. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Shiras, Alex., Mar. 13, '65.
Sickles, Daniel E., Mar. 2, '67.
Simpson, M. D. L., Mar. 13,
'65.

Smith, Andrew J., Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, Chas. H., Mar. 21, '67.
Smith, John E., Mar. 2, '67.
Smith, W. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Stanley, David S., Mar. 13, '65.
Steele, Frederick, Mar. 13, '63.
Stoneman, G., Mar. 13, '65.
Sturgis, S. D.. Mar. 13, '65.
Sumner, Edwin V., May 6, '64.
Swayne, Wager, Mar. 2, '67.
Swords, Thomas, Mar. 13, '65.
Sykes, George, Mar. 13, '65.
Terry, Alfred H., Mar. 13, '65.
Thomas, Chiirles, Mar. 13, '65.
Thomas, Lorenzo, Mar. 13, '65.

Torbert, A. T. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Totten, J. G., April 21, '64.
Tower, Z. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Townsend, E. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Turner, J. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Tyler, Robt. O.. Mar. 13, '65.
Upton, Emory, Mar. 1.3, '65.
Van Vliet, S., Mar. 13, '65.
Vinton, D. H., Mar. 13. '65.
Warren, G. K., Mar. 13, '65.
AVebb, Alex. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Weitzel, G., Mar. 13, "65.
Wheaton, Frank, Mar. 13, '65.
Whipple, A. W., May 7, '63.
Whipple, Wm. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Willcox,O.B., Mar. 2, '67.
Williams. Seth, Mar. 13, '65.
Wilson, James H., Mar. 13, '65.
Wood, Thos. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Woodbury, D. P., Aug. 15, '64.
Woods, Chas. R., Mar. 13, '65.
W'right, H. G., Mar. 13, '65.

MAJOR-GENERALS
U. S. Volunteers
(Full Rank)

Banks. N. P., May 16, '61.

Barlow, F. C, May 25, '65.

Berry, H. G., Nov. 29, '62.

Birnev, David D., May 3. '63.

Blair," Frank P., Nov. 29, "62.

Blunt, James G., Nov. 29, "62.

Brooks, W. T. H., June 10, '63.

Buell, Don Carlos, Mar. 21, "62.

Buford, John, Julvl,'63.

Buford, N. B., Mar. 13, "65.

Burnside, A. E., Mar. 18. "C2.

Butler, Benj. F., May 16, "61.

Cadwalader, G. B., Apr. 25, "62.

Clay, Cassius M., April 11, '62.

Couch, Darius N., July 4, '62.

Cox, Jacob Dolson, Oct. 6, '62.

Crittenden, T. L., July 17, '62.

Curtis, S. R., Nov. 21, '62.

Dana, N. J. T., Nov. 29, '62.

Davies, Henry E., May 4, '65.

Dix, John A., May 16, '61.

Dodge, G. M., June 7, '64.

Doubledav, A., Nov. 29, '62.

Garfield, 3. A., Sept. 19, '63.

Hamilton, C. S.. Sept. 18, '62.

Hamilton, S., Sept. 17, '62.

Herron, F. J., Nov. 29, '62.

Hitchcock, E. A., Feb. 10, '62.

Samuel 1'. Spear, Originally Roy Stone, Commander William A. Nichols, Promoted Israel Vogdes, Promoted
Colonel of the 11th of the "Bncktail for Faithful Services for Gallantry in the

Cavalry. Brigade." in the War. Field.

S. 15. M. Youni;. Originally John I{. IJniokc, Originally Pcnnock Ilucy, Originally Henry J. Madill, Origiuiill.v
Colonel Jth Cavalry; Later Colonel of the oith Reg' t. Colonel of the 8th Cavalry, Colonel of the 141st Reg'l,

Commander of the U. S. Army. Army of the Potomac. Army of the Potomac. Noted at Gettysburg.

FEDERAL GENERALS— No. 25— PENNSYT.VANIA

Andrew Porter, Commanded Thomas Welsh, Originally Charles F. Smith, Originally Thomas L. Kane, Organizer
a Brigade at First Colonel of the 4oth Colonel of the 3d and Leader of "Kane's

Bull Run. Regiment. Infantry. Bucktails."

Hurlbiit, Stephen. Sept. 17. '62.
Kearny. Philip, July 4. 'iH.
Keyes, Erasmus D.. May 5. '(H.
Leggett, M. D., Aug. 21, '()'>.
Logan, John A., Nov. 29, "(i^.
McClernand, J. A., Mar. 21.
"62.

MePherson. J. B;, Oct. 8. '()2.
Mansfield, J. K. F., July IS,
'62.

Milroy, Robt. H., Nov. 29, '62.
Mitchell, Ormsbv, April 11, "62.
Morel 1, Geo. W". July 4. '(H.
Morgan, K. D., Sept. 28, '61.
Morris, Thos. A., Oct. 2,5, '62.
Mott, Gershani, May 26, '6.5.
Mower. Joseph A., .\ug. 12, '64.
Neglcv. Janu's S.. \ov. 29, '62.
Nelson. William, Julv 17, '62.
Oglesbv, R. J.. Nov. 29. '62.
Osterhaus. P. J.. Julv 2.'J, '64.
Palmer, John M., Nov. 29, '62.
Peek. John J., July 4, '62.
Porter, Fitz Jolin, July 4, '62.
Potter, Rbt. 15., Sept.' 29, '6.5.
Prentiss, R. M., Nov. 29, '62.
Reno. Je.sse L., Julv 18, '62.
Reynolds, J. F., Nov. 29, '62.
Reynolds. Jos. J., Nov. 29, '62.
Riehardsou, I. ]?., July 4, '62.
Sehenek, Robt. ('. Aug. 30, '62.
Sehurz, Carl, March 14, '6.'?.
Sedgwick, John, July 4, '62.
Sigel, Franz, March 21, '62.
Slocum, Henry W., Julv 4, '62.
Smith, Chas. F., Mar. 21, '62.
Smith, Giles A., Nov. 24, '6.5.
Stahel. Julius H., Mar. 14, '6.'?.
Steedman, Jas. B., April ."(), '64.
Stevens, Isaac I., July 18, '62.
Strong, Geo. ('., -July 18, '63.
A\;dlace, Lewis, March 21, '(i2.
Washburn, C. C, Nov. 29, '62.

MAJOR-GENERALS
U. S. Volunteers
{Btj Brevci)
Abbott, Henry L., Mar. 1.3, '6;5.
Allen. Robert. Mar. 1,3, '65.
Alger, Russell June 11, '6.5.
Anderson. N. L.. Mar. 13, '6.5.
Andrews, (". C, Mar. 9, "6.5.
Andrews, G. L., Mar. 26, '6.5.
Asboth, .\lex., Mar. 13, '6.5.
Atkins, Smith I)., Mar. 13, '6.5.
Averv, Robert, Mar. 13, '6.5.
Ayres, R. B., Aug. 1, '64.
Bailev, Joseph, Mar. 13, '6.5.
Baker. Benj. F.. Mar. 13, '6,5.
Banning. H. B., Mar. 13, '6.5.
Barnes. James, Mar. 13, '65.
]$arnev. Lewis T., Mar. 13, '65.
Barnum, H. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Barry. H. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Bartiett, .Jos. .L. .\ug. 1, '64.
Bartlett. Wm. F.. Mar. 13, '65.
Baxter, Henry, April 1, '65.
Real, Geo. L.", Mar. 13. '65.
Beatty, Samuel, Mar. 13, '65.
Belknap, Wm. W.. Mar. 13, '65.
Benton. Wm. P.. Mar. 26, '65.
Birge, H. W., Feb. 25, '65.

Birney, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Bowen, James, Mar. 13, "65.
Brayman, Mason, Mar. 13, '65.
Brisbiu, J:imes. Mar. 13, '65.
Brooke, John R., .Vug. 1, '(i4.
Buckland, R. P.. Mar. 13, '64.
Bussey, ( 'yriis. Mar. 13, "65.
Byrne. James J.. Mar. 13, '65.
Caldwell, John ("., Aug. 19, '65.
Cameron, R. .\., ^lar. 13, '(i5.
Capehart, Henry, June 17, '65.
Carr, Joseph B., ^lar. 13, '65.
Carter, Samuel P.. Mar. 13, '65.
Catlin, Isaac S., Mar. 13, '65.
Chamberlain, J. L., Mar. 29,
'65.

Chapin. Daniel. .\ug. 17, '64.
Chai)man, (i. II., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Clietlaiu, A. L.. June 18, "65.
Clirvsler, M. IL. Mar. 1,3, "65.
Clark. Wm. T.. Nov. 24, "65.
Comstock. C. B.. Nov. 26, "65.
Connor, P. K., ISIar. 13, "65.
Cooke, .lohn, .Aug. 24, '65.
Cooi)er, Jos. A.. Mar. 13, '65.
Cole, Geo. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Collis, C. H. T., Mar. 13, '65.
Corse, John M., Oct. 5, '64.
Coulter, Richard, .Vjjril C, '65.
Crawford, S. W., Aug. 1, '64.
Cross, Nelson, INIar. 13, '65.
Croxton. John T., Apiil 27, '65.
Cruft, Charles, March 5, '65.
Curti.s, N. M., Mar. 1.3. '65.
Cutler, Lys., Aug. 19. '64.
Davies, Thos. .\.. July 11, '6.5.
Dennis, Ellas S., .\i)ril 13, '65.
Dennison. .\. W.. Mar. 31. '65.
De Trobriand, P. R., Apr. 9.
'65.

Devens. Chas., .\pril 3, '65.

Devin. Thos. ('., Mar. 13, '65.

Doolittlc. C. C., June 13. '65.

Dornblazer. B., Mar. 13, '65.

Duncan. Sam'l A., Mar. 13, '65.

Duryee, Abram, Mar. 13, '65.

Duval. Isaac IL, Mar. 13, '65.

Edwards, Oliver, .\i)ril 5, '65.

Egau. Thos. W.. Oct. 27. '64.

Elv. John. April 15, '65.

Ewiug. Hugh. Mar. 13, 1865.

Ewing. Thos. Jr.. Mar. 1.3, '65.

Ferrero, Edward, Dec. 2, '64.

Ferry, Orris S., May 23, '65.

Fe.ssenden. J. D., Mar. 13, '(i5.

Fisk. Clinton B.. Mar. 13, '(i5.

Force. M. F., Mar. 13, '65.

P"oster, R. S., Mar. 31, '65.

Fuller, John W., Mar. 13, '65.

(iearv. Jolin W'.. Jan. 12. "65.

(iilbert. Jas. J.. Mar. 26, "65.

Gleason. John IL, Mar. 13, '65.

Gooding. O. P.. Mar. 1,3, '65.

Gordon, (leo. II. , April 9, '65.

Graham, C. K., Mar. 13, "65.

Grant, Lewis A.. Oct. 19, "64.

Greene, George S., Mar. 13. "(io.

(iregg, D. McM., Aug. 1, "64.

Gregg, John I., Mar. 13, '65.

Gregorv, E. M., .\pril 9, '66.

Gresham, W^ Q.. Mar. 13, '65.
j Griffin. S. G., April 2, '65.
I Grose, Wm., Aug. 15, '65.

(luss, Henry R., Mar. 13, '65.
Gwvn, James, April 1, '65.
Hamblin, J. E., .\pril 5, '65.
Hamlin, Cvrus, Mar. 13, '65.
Harri.s, T. "M., April 2, "65.
Hartranft, John F., Mar. 25,
'65.

Hatch, John P., Mar. 13, '65.
Hawley, Jos. R., Sept. 28, '65.
Haves, Joseph, Mar. 13, '65.
Hayes, Ruth. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Hays, Alex., May 5, '65.
Heath, H. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Hill, Chas. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Ilinks, Edw. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Hovev, ("has. E., Mar. 13, "65.
Howe", Al. P., Jidy 13, '65.
Jackson, N. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Jackson, R. II. , Nov. 21', '65.
Jourdan, Jas.. Mar. 13, '65.
Kane, Thos. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Keifer, J. W., April 9, "65.
Kellv, Benj. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Keniy, John R., Mar, 13, '65.
Ketciiam, J. IL, Mar. 13, '65.
Kiddoo, Jos. B., Sept. 4, '65.
Kimball, Nathan, Feb. 1, '65.
Kingsman, J. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Lanman, J. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Lawler, M. K., Mar. 13, '65.
Long. Eli. Mar. 13, '65.
Loring. Chas. G., July 17, '65.
Lucas, Thos. ,1., Mar. 26, '65.
Ludlow, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Mc.Mlister, Rl)t., Mar. 13, '65.
Mc.\rthur, John, Dec. 15, "64.
McCallum. D. C, Mar. 13, "65.
McCook. E. M.. Mar. 13, '65.
McCook, E. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Mclvor, Jas. P., Mar. 13, '65.
McTnto,sh, J. B.. Mar. 13, '65.
McKean, T. J., Mar. 13, '65.
McMahon, M. T.. Mar. 13, '65.
McMillan, J. W., Mar. 5, '65.
McMillan, W. L., Mar. 13, '65.
McNeil, John, April 12, "65.
IVIcQuade, Jas., Mar. 13, '65.
Mackenzie, R. S., Mar. 31, '65.
Maey, Geo. A., April 9, '65.
Mad'ill. Ilenrv J.. Mar. 13, '65.
Marshall, E. G., Mar. 13, ■(i5.
Martindale, J. H., Mar. 1.3, "65.
Maynadier, H, E., Mar. 13, "65.
Meredith, Sol., Aug. 14, "65.
Miller, John F., Mar. 1,3, "65.
Mindil. (ieo. W., Mar. 1,3, "65.
Mintv, R. IL G.. Mar. 1,3, '65.
Mitchell, J. G.. Mar. 13, '65.
Molincux, E. L.. Mar. 13, '65.
Moore. M. F.. IMar. 13, '63.
Morgan, Jas. D., Mar. 19, '65.
Morris. Wm. IL, Mar. 13, '65.
Morrow, H. A., Mar. 13, '65.
IMulholland. St. C.. Mar. 1.3, '65.
Neil, Thos. IL. Mar. 13, '65.
Nve, Geo. IL, Mar. 1,3, '65.
Oliver, John M., Mar. 13, '65.
Opdyke, Emer., Nov. ,30, '64.
Osborn. Thos. O.. Apr. 2, '65.
Paine, Chas. J., Jan. 15, '65.
Paine, Hal. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Palmer, I. M.. Mar. LS, '65.
Parsons, L. B., Ai)r. ,30, '65.

Patrick, M. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Pearson, A. L., May 1, "65.
Peck, Lewis M., Mar. 13, "65.
Pierce, B. R., Mar. 13, "65.
Pile, Wm. A., April 9, "65.
Plaisted, H. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Potter, Edw. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Potts, B. F., March 13, '65.
Powell, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Powers, Chas. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Ramsey, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Ransom, T. E. S., Sept. 1, '64.
Rice, Eliot W'., Mar. 13, '65.
Runkle, Benj. P., Nov. 9, '65.
Roberts, Benj. S., Mar. 13, "65.
Robinson, J. ("., June 27, "64.
Robinson. J. S.. Mar. 13, '65.
Root, .\drian R., Mar. 13, '65.
Ruger, Thos. IL. Nov. 30, '64.
Sahmion, Fred'k, Mar. 13, '65.
Sanborn. John B., Feb. 10, '65.
Saxton, Rufus. Jan. 12, '65.
Scott, R. K., Dee. 5, '65.
Sewell, Wm. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Shaler, Alex., Julv 27, "65.
Shanks, J. P. C., Mar. 13, '65.
Sharpe, Geo. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Siblev, Ilenrv IL, Nov. 29, '65.
Sickle, H. (;"., Mar. 31, '65.
Slack, Jas. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, G. C., Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, T. K., Mar. 13, "65.
Smyth, T. A., .\pril 7, "65.
Spooner, B. U., Mar. 13, '65.
Sprague, J. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Stannard, Geo. J„ Oct. 28, '64.
Stevenson, J. D.. Mar. 13, "65.
Stoughton. W. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Sullv. Alfred, Mar. 8, '65.
Thax er. John ]\L, Mar. 13, '65.
Thomas. IL G.. Mar. 13, '65.
Tibbetts. Wm. B.. Mar. 1,3, '65.
Tidball, John ('., April 2, '65.
Tillison, Davis, Mar. 13, '65.
Trowbridge, L. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Tyler, E. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Tvler, Robt. O., Aug. 1, '64.
Tvndale, Hector, Mar. 13, '65.
I'ilman, Daniel, Mar. 13, '65.
I^nderwood, A. I?., Aug. 13, '65.
Van Cleve. H. P.. Mar. 13, "65.
Vandever, Wm., June 7, "65.
Veatch, Jas. C, Mar. 26, "65.
Voris, Alvin C., Nov. 1.5, '65.
Wadsworth. Jas. S.. Mav 6. '64.
Walcutt, C. C., Mar. 13. "65.
Ward, Wm. T., Feb. 24, '65.
Warner Willard, Mar. 13, '65.
AVarren. FitzIL. Aug. 24, '65.
Washburn. II. I)., July 26, '65.
Webster. Jos. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Wells. Wm.. Mar. 13, '65.
West. Jas. R.. Jan. 4, '66.
Wheaton, Frank, Oct. 19, '64.
Wnitaker, W. (".. Mar. 13, '65.
White, Juliu,s, Mar. 13, "65.
William.s, A. S., Jan. 12, '65.
Williamson, J. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Willich, Aug.. Oct. 21, 'C5.
Winthrop, Fred.. April 1, '65.
Wood, Jas., Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Woods, Wm. B.. Mar. 1,3, '65.
Zook. S. K., Julv 2, "64.

[•'rank Wlu-ulcii, Brigade and Hicliard Arnold, Originally George S. Greene Commanded John G. Hazard. Originally
Division Commander in the Colonel of the 5th Regi- a Brigade at Antictam Major of the Lst Regi-

ArniN of the Potomae. ment, U. S. Artillery. and Gettysburg. ment of Light Artillery.

James A. Cooix r. Originally James G. Spears, Brevetted Robert Johnson. Origin.ally William B. < 'anii)l)ell. Com-
(,'olonel of the Otli Brigadier-General in Colonel of the 1st missioned in 18G'2; Re-

Regiment. 1802. Cavalry. signed in 18(!.'5.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS
U. S. Army
{Full Rank)
Hammontl, W. A.. April 25, '62.
Taylor, Jos. P., Feb. !), '63.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS
U. S. Army
{By Brevet)
Abercrombie, J. J., Mar. 13,
'65.

Alexander, A. J., April 16, '65.
Alexander, B. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Alexander, E. B., Oct. '65.
Alvord, Ben., April 9, '65.
Arnold, Lewis G., Mar. 13, '65.
Babbitt, E. B., Mar. 13. '65.
Babcock, O. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Bache, II., Mar. 13, '65.
Badeau, Adam, Mar. 2, '67.
Barriger, J. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Beckwith, E. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Bell, George, April 9, '65.
Bingham, J. D., April 9, '65.
Blake, Geo. A. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Bomford, Jas. V., Mar. 13, '65.
Bonneville, B. L. E., Mar. 13,
'65.

Bowers, Theo. S., April 9, '65.
Bradley, L. P., Mar. 2. '67.
Breck, Samuel, Mar. 13, '65.
Brewerton, H., Mar. 13, '65.
Brooks, Horace, Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, N. W., Oct. 15, "67.
Biiell, Geo. P., Mar. 2, '67.
Burbank, Sid., Mar. 13, '65.
Burke, Martin, Mar. 13, '65.
Burns, Wm. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Burton, H. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Cady, Al., Mar. 13, '65.
Callender, P. D., April 9, '65.
Card, Benj. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Carrington, H. B., April 9, '65.
Churchill, Syl., Feb. 23, '47.
Clary, Rbt. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Clitz, Henry B., Mar. 13, '65.
Craig, Henry K., Mar. 13, '65.
Crane. Chas. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Crawford, S. W., Mar. 13, 65.
Cross, Osborn, Mar. 13, '65.
Cuyler, John M., .\pril 9, T)5.
Dana, James J., Mar. 13, '65.
Dandy, Geo. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Davis, N. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Dawson, Sam. K., Mar. 13, '65.
Day, Hannibal, Mar. 13, '65.
Dent, Fred. T.. Mar. 13, '65.
DeRussev, R. E., Mar. 13, '65.
De Russy, G. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Diniick, .lust in. Mar. 13, '65.
Drum, Rich. C, Mar. 13, ' 65.
Duane, .Jas. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Duncan, Thos., Mar. 13, '65.
Dunn, W. McK., Mar. 13, '65.
Eastman, Seth, Aug. 9, '66.
Eaton, .Joseph H., Mar. 13, '65.
Ekin, James A., Mar. 13, '65.
Finlev, (element. Mar. 13, '65.
Fitzhugh, C. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Forsyth, Jas. W., April 9, '65.
Fry," Gary H., Oct. 15, '67.

Gardner, John L., Mar. 13, '65.
Garland, John, Aug. 20, '47.
Gates, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Graham, L. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Graham, W. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Greene, James D., Mar. 13, '65.
Greene, Oliver D., Mar. 13, '65.
Grier, Wm. N., Mar. 13, '65.
Hagner, Peter V., Mar. 13, '65.
Haines, Thos. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Hardin, M. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Haskin, Jos. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Hayden, Julius, Mar. 13, '65.
Hays, William, Mar. 13, '65.
Hill, Bennett H., .Jan. 31, '65.
Holabird, S. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Hunt, Lewis C, Mar. 13, '65.
Ihrie, George P., Mar. 2, '65.
Kelton, John C, Mar. 13i' '65.
Kilburn, C. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Kingsbury, C. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Kirkham, R. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Leonard, H., Mar. 13, '65.
Leslie, Thos. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Loomis, Gus., Mar. 13, '65.
Lovell, Chas. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Lowe, Wm. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Mc.41ester, M. D., April 9, '65.
McDougall. C, Mar. 13, '65.
McFerran, J. C, Mar. 13, '65.
McKeever, C, Mar. 13, '65.
McKibl)in, D. B., Mar. 13, '65.
McLaughlin, N. B., Mar. 13,
'65.

Mason, John S., Mar. 13, '65.
Maynadier, W., Mar. 13, '65.
Merchant, C. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Meyer, Albert J., Mar. 13, '65.
Michler, Nat., April 2, '65.
Miller, M. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Mills, Madison, Mar. 13, '65.
Moore, Tred., Mar. 13, '65.
Morgan, Chas. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Morgan, M. R., April 3, '65.
Morrison, P., Mar. 13, '65.
Morton, J. St. ('., June, 17, '64.
Myers, Fred., Mar. 13, '65.
Myers, William, Mar. 13, '65.
Oakes, James, Mar. 30, '65.
Palfrey, John C, Mar. 26, '65.
Parker, Elv S., Mar. 2, '67.
Paul, G. R., Feb. 23, "65.
Pelouze. L. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Penrose, Wm. H., April 9, '65.
Perry, Alex. J., Mar. 1,3, "65.
Pitcher, Thos. G., Mar. 13. '65.
Poe, Orlando M., Mar. 13, '65.
Porter, Horace, Mar. 13, '65..
Potter, Jos. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Potter, .Jos. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Prime, Fred'k E., Mar. 1.3, "65.
Prince, Henry, Mar. 13, '65.
Ravnolds, Wm. F., Mar. 13,
'65.

Reese, C. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Reeve, I. V. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Roberts, Jos., Mar. 13, '65.
Robertson, J. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Rodenbough, T. F., Mar. 1.3,
'65.

Rodman, Thos. J., Mar. 13, '65.
RuflP, Chas. F., Mar. 13, "65.
Ruggles, Geo. D., Mar. 13, '65.

[i

Satterlee, R. S., Sept. 2, '64.
Sawtelle, C. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Seawell, Wash., Mar. 13, '65.
Shepherd, O. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Sibley, Caleb C, Mar. 13, '65.
Sideli, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Simonson, J. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Simpson, J. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Slemmer, A. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Small, M. P., April 9, '65.
Smith, Joseph R., April 9, '65.
Sweitzer, N. B., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Thayer, Syl., May 31, '63.
Thom, George, Mar. 13, '65.
Thornton, W. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Tompkins, C. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Totten, James, Mar. 1.3, '65.
Townsend, Fred., Mar. 13, '65.
Trippler, Chas. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Vincent, T. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Vogdes, Israel B., April 9, '65.
Waite, C. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Wallen, Henry D., Mar. 13, '62.
Warner, Jas. M., April 9, '65.
Watkins, L. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Wessells, H. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Whiteley, R. H. K., Mar. 13,
'65.

Williams, Rbt., Mar. 13, '65.
Wilson, Thos., Mar. 13, '65.
Wood, Rbt. C, Mar. 13, '65.
W'oodruff. I. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Wright, George, Dec. 10, '64.
Wright, Jas. J. B., Mar. 13, '65.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS
U. S. Volunteers
{Full Rank)
Ammen, .Jacob, July 16, '62.
Baker, Edw. D., May 17. '61.
Baker, L. C, April 26, '65.
Bayard, Geo. D., April 28, '62.
Beatty, John, Nov. 29, '62.
Biddle, Chas. J., Aug. 31, '61.
Bidwell, D. D., Aug. 11, '64.
Blenker, Louis, Aug. 9, "61.
Bohlen, Henrv, April 28, '62.
I5()yle, J. T., Nov. 4, '61.
Bragg, Edw. S., June 25, '64.
Bramlette, T. E., April 24, '63.
Briggs, Henry S., July 17, '62.
Brov. n, Egbert IV, Nov. 29, '62.
Buckingham, C. P., July 16,
"62.

]?urbridge, S. G., June 9, '62.
liurnham, H., April 27, '64.
Bustee, Rich., Aug. 7, '62.
Campbell, C. T., Nov. 29, '62.
Campbell, W. B., .June .30, '62.
Cattcrson, R. F., May 31, '65.
Chambers, Alex., Aug. 11, '63.
Champlin, S. G., Nov. 29, '62.
Chapin, Edw. P., June 27, "63.
Clayton, Powell, Aug. 1, '64.
Cluseret, G. P., Oct. 14, '62.
Cochrane, John, July 17, '62.
Conner, Seldon, June 11, '64.
Cooper, James, May 17, '61.
Cooper, Jos. A., July 21, '64.
Copcland, Jos. T., Nov. 29,
"62.

Corcoran, M., July 21, '61.

Cowdin, Robt., Sept. 26, '62.
Craig, James, Mar. 21, '62.
Crittenden, T. T., April 28, '62.
Crocker, M. M., Nov. 29, '62.
Davis, E. J., Nov. 10, '64.
Deitzler, Geo. W., Nov. 29, '62.
Denver, Jas. W., Aug. 14, '61.
Dewey, J. A., Nov. 20, '65.
Dodge, Chas. C, Nov. 29, '62.
Dow, Neal, April 28, '62.
Duffie, Alfred N., June 23, '63.
Dumont, E., Sept. 3, '61.
Dwight, Wm., Nov. 29, '62.
Edwards, John, Sept. 26, '64.
Ellett, Alfred W., Nov. 1, '62.
Este, Geo. P., May 31, '65.
Eustis, H. L., Sept. 12, '63.
Ewing, Charles, Mar. 8, '65.
Fairchild, Lucius, Oct. 19, '65.
Farnsworth, E. J., June 29, '63.
Farn.sworth, J. F., Nov. 29, '62.
Fry, Speed S., Mar. 21, '62.
Gamble, Wm., Sept. 25, '65.
Garrard, Th. T., Nov. 29, "62.
Gilbert, Chas. C, Sept. 9, '62.
Gorman, W. A., Sept. 7, '61.
Hackleman, P. A., April 28, '62.
Hamilton, A. J., Nov. 14, '62.
Harding, A. C, Mar. 13, '63.
Harker, Chas. G., Sept. 20, '63.
Harland, Edw., Nov. 29, '62.
Harrow, William, Nov. 29, '62.
Hascall, Milo S., April 25, '62.
Haupt, Herman, Sept. 5, '62.
Haynie, I. N., Nov. 29, '62.
Heckman, C. A., Nov. 29, '62.
Hicks, Thos. H., July 22, '62.
Hobson, Edw. H., Nov. 29, '62.
Hovey, A. P.. April 28, '62.
Howell, J. B., Sept. 12, '64.
Jackson, C. F., July 17, '62.
Jackson, Jas. S., July 16, '62.
Jamison, C. D., Sept. 3, '61.
Johnson, Andrew, Mar. 4, '62.
Jones, Patrick H., Dec. 6, '64.
Judah, H. M., Mar. 21, '62.
Kaemerling, Guitar, Jan. 5, '64.
Keim, Wm. H., Dec. 20, '61.
Kiernan, James L., Aug. 1, '63.
King, Rufus, Mav 17, '61.
Kirby, Edmund, Mav 23, '63.
Kirk, E. N., Nov. 29, '62.
Knipe, Joseph F., Nov. 29, '62.
Krzyanowski, W., Nov. 29, '62.
Lander, F. W., May 17, "61.
Ledlie, James H., Dec. 24, '62.
Lee, Albert L.. Nov. 29, '62.
Lightburn. J. A. J., Mar. 14, '63.
Lockwood, H. H., Aug. 8, '61.
Lowell. Chas. R., Oct. 19, '64.
Lyon, Nath'l., May 17, '61.
Lytic, William H., Nov. 29, "62.
McCall, G. A., Mav 17, '61.
McCandless, W., July 21, '64.
McCook, Daniel, Julv 16, '64.
McCook, R. L., Mar. 21, '62.
McGinnis, G. P., Nov. 29, '62.
McKinstrv, J., Sept. 12, '61.
McLean, N. C, Nov. 29, '62.
Maltbv, J. A., Aug. 4, '63.
Manson, M. D., Mar. 24, '62.
Marston, G., Nov. 29, '62.
Matthies, C. L., Nov. 29, '62.

Tht man Skymotk
Caplilin :il I'"cirl Sutiilcriii isiil ;
Later a Britiadr C'lHiiniainiLT
in Army of thr I'otoiiiai'.

Edwin H. Stoughton
Ori(.'inallj- fdldiiel of the 4t)i
\'f ruiont ; Latrr commandod
(lie Si-oiiii'l ViTiriont, Uritiadi'.

Edward H. Ripley
Commanded a Biisade in the
24th Corps.

AnDHIOW .1. HvMll.TON

Brigadier-Ciencral, 1S(>2; He-
sif^ncd, 1865.

(lEOKOF. J. StaN'NARI)

Led his Brigade against the
Flank of Pickett's Column
at Gettysburg

James M. War nek
Colonel of the Lst Regiment
of Artillery.

John W. Phelps
Commander of a Now England
Brigade in Operations on
the Gulf in 1S61-2.

Edmund J. Davis
Colonel Lst Texas Cavalry,
1862; Brigadier-General,
1864.

FEDERAL
GENERALS
No. 27^TEXAS
(two above)
VERMONT

I^NINE TO left)

B. S. RonERT.s
Colonel 4th Regiment.

George Wright
Colonel 9th U. S. Infantry.

Stephen Thomas
Colonel of the 8th Regiment.

(d— 20]

Meagher, T. F., Feb. 3, "Ce.
Meredith. S. A.. Nov. 29, '62.
MiUer, Stephen, Oct. 26, '63.
Mitchell, R. B., April 8, "62.
Montgomerv, W. R., May 17,
'61.

Morgan, Geo. W., Nov. 12, '61.
Nagle, James, Sept. 10, '62.
Naglee, H. M., Peb. 4, "62.
Nickerson, F. S., Nov. 29, '62.
Orme, Wm. W., Nov. 20, '62.
Owens, Joshua T., Nov. 29, '62.
Paine, Eleazer, Sept. 3, '61.
Patterson, F. E., Ajjril 11, '62.
Phelps, John S., Julv 19, '62.
Phelps, John W., Mav 17, '61.
Piatt, Abraham, April 28, '62.
Phimmer, J. B., Oct. 22, '61.
Porter, Andrew, Mav 17, '61.
Pratt, Calvin E., Sept. 10, '62.
Quinby, Isaac F., Mar. 17, '62.
Rainn, Green B., Feb. 1.5, '6,5.
Rcid, Hugh T., Mar. 13, '63.
Reilly, James W., Julv 30, '64.
Revere, J. W., Oct. 25, '62.
Rodman, Isaac P., April 28, '62.
Ross, Leonard F., April 25, '62.
Rowley, T. A., Nov. 29, '62.
Rice, Americus V., May 31, '65.
Rice, James C, Aug. 17, '63.
Rice, Samuel A., Aug. 4, '63.
Richardson, W. A.. Sept. 3, '61.
Rutherford, F. S., June 27, '64.
Sanders, Wm. P., Oct. 18, '63.
Scammon, E. P., Oct. 15, '62.
Schimmelpfennig, Alex., Nov.
29, '62.

Schoepf, Albin, Sept. 30, '61.
Seward, W. H., Jr., Sept. 13,
'64.

Shackelford, J. M., Jan. 2, '63.
Shepard, Isaac F., Oct. 27, "6,'i.
Shepley, Geo. F., Julv 18, "62.
Sherman, F. T., July 21, '65.
Shields, James, Aug. 19, '61.
Sill, Joshua W., July Hi, "62.
Slough, John B., Aug. 25, "02.
Smith, G. A., Sept. 19, '62.
Smith, Morgan L., Julv 16, '62.
Smith, T. C. H., Nov. 29, '62.
Smith, Wm. S., April 15, '62.
Spears, James G., Mar. 5, '62.
vSpinola, F. B., June 8, *65.
Sprague, John \\., July 21, '64.
Sprague, Wm., May 17, "61.
Starkweather, J. C., July 17,
'63.

Stevenson, T. G., Mar. 14, '63.
Stokes, James II., Julv 20, '65.
Stolbrand, ('. J.. Feb. 18, '65.
Stone, ('. P.. May 17, '61.
StoMghton, E. li.. Nov. .5, '62.
Strong, Wni. K., Sept. 28, '61.
Stuart, I)., Nov. 29, '62.
Stunibaugh, F. S., Nov. 29, '62.
Sullivan, J. ('., .\pril 28, '62.
Sweeney, T. W., Nov. 29, '62.
Tavlor, Geo. W.. May 9, '62.
Tavlor, Nelson, Sept! 7, '62.
Twrill, Wm. R., Sept. 9, "62.
Terry, Henry D., July 17, '62.
Thomas, Steplien, Fell. 1, '65.
Thurston, C. M., Sept. 7, '61.

Todrl, .lohn B. S.. Sept. 19, "65.
Turchin, John B., July 17, "62.
Tuttle, James M., June 9, '62.
Tyler, Daniel, Mar. 13, '62.
Van Allen, J. H., April 15, "62.
Van Derveer, F., Oct. 4, '64.
Van Wyck, C. H., Sept. 27, "65.
Viele, Egbert L., Aug. 17, '61.
Vincent, Strong, July 3, '63.
Vinton. F. L., Sept. 19, '62.
Vogdes, Israel, Nov. 29, "62.
Von Steinwehr, Adolph, Oct.

12, '61.
Wade, M. S., Oct. 1. '61.
Wagner, Geo. D., Nov. 29, '62.
W'allace, W. H. L., Mar. 21, '62.
Ward, John H. H., Oct. 4, '62.
Weber, Ma.x, April 28, '62.
Weed, Stephen H., June 6, '63.
Welsh, Thomas, Mjir. 13, '63.
Wild, Edw. A., April 24, '63.
Williams, D. H., Nov. 29, '62.
Williams Thos., Sept. 28, '61.
Wistar, Isaac, Nov. 29, '62.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS
U. S. Volunteers
{By Brevet)
Abbott, Ira C, Mar. 13, '65.
Abbott, J. C, Jan. 5, '65.
Abert, Wm. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Acker, Geo. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Adams, A. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Adams, Chas. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Adams, Chas. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Adams, Chas. W., Feb. 13, '65.
Adams, Robt. N., Mar. 13, '65.
Adams, Will. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Agnus, Felix, Mar. 13, '65.
Albright, Chas., Mar. 7, '65.
Alden, .\lonzo, Jan. 15, "65.
.\llaire, A. J., June 28, "65.
AUcock, Thos. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Allen, Harrison. Mar. 13, "65.
Allen, Thos. S., Mar. 13, "65.
.\me.s, John W., Jan. 15. "()5.
Ames, William, Mar. 13, '65.
Amory, Thos. J. C, Oct. 7, '64.
.\nderson, A. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Anderson, J. F., April 2, '65.
Anderson, W. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Anthony, DeW. C, Mar. 13,
'65.

Applet on, J. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Armstrong, S. C., Mar. 13, "65.
Askew, Franklin, July 14, "65.
Astor, John J., Jr., Mar. 13, "65.
Aukenv, Roll in V., Mar. 13, '65.
Averili, John T., Oct. 18, '65.
Averv, Mat. II., Mar. 13, '65.
Babc'ock, W., Sept. 19, "65.
Bailev, Silas M., Mar. 13, "65.
Baker, James II., Mar. 13, '65.
Balch, Josei)h P., Mar. 13, "65.
Baldev, George, Mar. 13, '65.
Baldwin, Chas. P., April 1, "65.
Baldwin, Wm. H., Aug. 22. '65.
Ball, Wm. H., Oct. 19, '64.
Ballier. John F., Julv 1,3, '64.
Ballock, G. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Bangs, Isaac S., Mar. 13, '65.
Bankhead, H. C, April 1, "65.

Barber, G. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Barnes, Charles, Sept. 28, '65.
Barney, A. M., Mar. 11, '65.
Barney, B. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Barnett, James, Mar. 13, '65.
Barrett, Theo. II., Mar. 13, '65.
Barrett, W. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Barstow, Wilson, April 2, '65.
Barstow, S. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Bartholomew, O. A., Mar. 13,
'65.

Bartlett, C. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Bartlttt, Wm. ("., Mar. 13, '65.
Barton, Wm. B., Mar. 13, "65.
Bassett, Isaac C., Dec. 12, "64.
Batchelder, R. N., Mar. 13. "65.
Bates, Delavan, July 30, '64.
Bates, ErastusN., Mar. 13, '65.
Baxter, D. W. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Beadis, John E., Mar. 13, '65.
Beadle, W. H. H., Mar. 16,
'66.

Beaver, James A., Aug. 1, '64.
Bedel, John, Jan. 5, '65.
Beecher, James C., Mar. 13, '65.
Bell, John H., Nov. 30, '65.
Bell, J. W., Feb. 13, '65.
Bendix, John E,, Mar. 13, '65.
Benedict, Lewis, April 9, '64.
Benjamin, W. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Bennett, John E., April 6, '65.
Bennett, T. W., Mar. 5, '65.
Bennett, Wm. T., May 25, '65.
Bentley, R. H., Mar. 13. '65.
Bentlev, R. C, Mar. 13, "65.
Benton, Jr., T. H., Dec. 15, '64.
Berdan, Hiram, Mar. 13, '65.
Bertram, Henry, Mar. 13, '65.
Beveridge, J. L., Feb. 7, '65.
Biddle, James, Mar. 13, '65.
Biggs, Herman, Mar. 8, '65.
Biggs, Jonathan, Mar. 13, '65.
Biles, E. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Bingham, H. H., April 9, '65.
Bintliff, James, April 2, '65.
Bishop, J. W., June 7, "65.
Black, J. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Blackman, A. M., Oct. 27, '64.
Blair, C. W., Feb. 13, '65.
Blair, Louis J., Mar. 13, "65.
Blair, W. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Blai.sdell, W., Jan. 23, '64.
Blakeslee, E., Mar. 13, '65.
Blanchard, J. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Blanden, L., Mar. 26, '65.
Bloomfield, Ira J., Mar. 13, '65.
Blunt, Asa P., Mar. 13, '65.
Bodine, R. L., Mar. 13, "65.
Bolinger, H. C, Mar. 1.3, '65.
BoUes, John A., July 17, '65.
Bolton, Wm. J.. Mar. 13, "65.
Bond, John R., Mar. 13, "65.
Bonham, Edw., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Boughton, H., Mar. 11, '65.
Bouton, Edw., Feb. 28, '65.
Bowen, T. M., Feb. 13, "65.
Bowerman, R. N., April I, '65.
Bowie, Geo. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Bowman, S. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Bowyer, Eli, Mar. 13, '65.
Boyd, Joseph F., Mar. 13, '65.
Boynton, H. V. N., Mar. 13,
'65.

Boynton, H., Mar. 13, '65.
Bradshaw, R. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Brady, T. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Brailey, M. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Brayton, C. R., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Brewster, W. R., Dec. 2, '64.
Brinkerhoff, R., Sept. 20, '65.
Briscoe, Jas. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Broadhead, T. F., Aug. 30, '62.
Bronson, S., Sept. 28, '65.
Browne, T. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Browne, W. H.. Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, C. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, H. L., Sept. 3, '64.
Brown, J. M., Mar. 13. '65.
Brown, L. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, O., Jan. 6, "66.
Brown, P. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, S. B., Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, S. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, T. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Brown, Wm. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Brownlow, J. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Bruce, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Brumback. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Brush, D. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Bukey, Van H., Mar. 13, '65.
Burke, J. W^, Mar. 13, '65.
Burling, G. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Burnett, H. L., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Basey, S. T., April 9, '65.
Butler, T. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Callis, J. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Cameron, D., Mar. 13, "65.
Cameron, Hugh, Mar. 13, '65.
Campbell. C. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Campbell, E. L., June 2, '65.
Campbell, J. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Campbell, J. .\., Mar. 13 '65.
Candy, Charles. Mar. 13, '65.
Capron, Horace, Feb. 1.3, '65.
Carle, James, Mar. 13, "65.
Carleton, C. A., Mar. 1,3, "65.
Carman, P2zra A., Mar. 13, "65.
Carnahan, R. H., Oct. 28, "65.
Carruth, Sumner, April 2, '65.
Carson, Chris., Mar. 13, '65.
Case, Henry, Mar. 16, "65.
Casement, J. S., Jan. 25, '65.
Cassidv, A. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Cavender, J. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Chamberlain, S. E., Feb. 24,
'65.

Champion. T. E., Feb. 20, '65.
Chickering, T. E.. Mar. 13, '65.
Chipman, H. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Chipman, N. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Christ, B. C, Aug. 1, '64.
Chri.stensen, C. T., Mar. 13,
"65.

Christian, W. H.. Mar. 13, '65.
Churchill. M.. Mar. 13, '65.
Cillv, J. P., June 2, '65.
Ci.st, H. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Clapp, D. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Clark, G. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Clark, J. S., Mar. 13, "65.
("larke, Gideon. Mar. 13, '65.
Clarke, Wm. H., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Clay, Cecil, Mar. 13, "65.
Clendenin, D. R., Feb. 20, '65.
Clough, J. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Coates, B. F., Mar. 13, '65.

[308]

Edward S. Bragg Commanded the Lysandcr Cutler Commanded a Bri- Lueius Fairelidd, Colonel of the iJd
Iron Brigade. gade at Gettysburg. Regiment.

Charles S. Hamilton Com- John C. Starkweather Com- Halbert E. Paine Com- Rufus King Commanded a Di-
manded a Division manded a Brigade manded a Division vision in the Army

at Corinth. at Perryville. at Port Hudson. of the Potomac.

Inion (i^n^rala

Coates, J. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Cobb, Ainasa, Mar. 13, '65.
Cobham, G. A., Jr., Julv 19, "64.
Coburn, J., Mar. 13, '65.
Cocke rill, J. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Coggswoll, W., Dec. 15, '61.
Coit, J. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Colgrove, Silas, Aug. 4, '64.
Collier, F. H., Mar. 13, '65
Colville, Jr., W., Mar. 3, "65.
Coinly, J. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Commager, H. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Congdon. J. A., Mar. 13, "65.
Conklin, J. T., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Conrad, J., Mar. 13, "65.
Cook, Edw. F.. Mar. 13, '65.
Coon, D. F., Mar. 8, '65.
Corhin, II. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Coughlin, .John, .Vpril 9, '65.
Cowan, B. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Cox, John C, July 4, '63.
Cox, Rob't C, April 2, '65.
Cram, Geo. H., Mar. 13, 'di.
Cramer, F. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Crandal, F. M., Oct. 24, '65.
Crane, M. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Cranor, Jonathan, Mar. 3, '65.
Crawford, S. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Crocker, J. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Crowinshield, C, Mar. 13, '65.
Cumming.s, Alex., Apr. 19, '65.
Cummings, G. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Cummins, J. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Cunningham, J. A., Apr. 1, '65.
Curly, Thos., Mar. 13, '65.
Curtin, John J., Oct. 12, 64.
Curtis, A. R., Mar. 13, "65.
Curtis, G. S., Mar. 13, "65.
Curtis, J. F., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Curtis, Wm. B., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Curtiss, J. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Ci'tcheon, B. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Cutting, Wm., April 2, '65.
Cutts, R. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Daggett, A. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Daggett, Rufus. Jan. 15, "65.
D ina, E. L., July 26, '65.
Darr, Francis, Mar. 13, '65.
Dawson, A. R. Z., Nov. 21, '65.
Davis, E. P., Oct. 19, '64.
Davis, Hasbrook, Feb. 13, "65.
Davis, H. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Davis, W. W. II., Mar. 13, "65.
Dav, Henrv M., Mar. 26, '65.
Day, Nich. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Davton, Oscar V., Mar. 13, "65.
DaWe-s, R. R., Mar. 18, "65.
Deems, J. M., Mar. 13, "65.
De Groat. C. II., Miir. 13, "65.
De Hart, R. P., Mar. 13, '65.
De Lacev, Wm., Mar. 13, "65.
De Land, C. V., Mar. 13, "65.
Dennis, John B., Mar. 13, '65.
Devereux, .\. F., Mar. 13. "65.
I)i- Witt, D. P., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Dick, Geo. F., Mar. 13, "65.
Dickerson, C. J., Mar. 13, "65.
Dickey, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Dickinson, Jos., Mar. 13, '65.
Dilworth, C. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Di non, C. A. R., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Diven, Alex. S., Aug. .30, '64.
Diven, C. W., Mar. 25, "65.

Dixon, Wm. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Doan, A. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Dodd, Levi A., April 2, '65.
Dodge, Geo. S., Jan. 15, "65.
Donohue, M. T., Mar. 13, '65.
Doster, Wm. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Doubleday, U., Mar. 11, "65.
Dox, Ham. B., Feb. 13, '65.
Drake, Francis M , Feb. 22, "65.
Drake, Geo. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Draper, Alonzo G., Oct. 28, "64.
Draper, W. F., Mar. 13, "65.
Drew, C. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Ducat, A. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Dudley, N. A. M., Jan. 19, "65.
Dudley, Wm. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Duer, -lohn O., July 12, "65.
Dutr, Wm. L., Mar. 13, "65.
Dunliam, T. H., Jr., Mar. 13,
'65.

Dunlap, H. C, Mar. 13, '62.
Dunlap, James, Mar. 13, '65.
Duryea, Hiram, Mar. 13, "65.
Duryee, J. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Dustin, Daniel, Mar. 13, "65.
Dutton, A. H., May 16, "64.
Dutton, E. F., Mar. 16, "65.
Duval, Hiram F., Mar. 13, "65.
Dye, Wm. McE., Mar. 13, '65.
Dyer, Isaac, Mar. 13, "65.
Eaton, Chas. G., Mar. 13, "65.
Eaton, John, Jr., Mar. 13, "65.
Eckert, Thos. T., Mar. 13, '65.
Edgerton, A. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Edmonds, J. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Edwards, C. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Eggleston, B. B., Mar. 13, "62.
Eldridge, H. N., Mar. 13, "65.
Elliott, I. H., Mar. 13, "65.
Elliott, S. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Ellis, A. Van Horn, July 2, "63.
Ellis, Theo. G., Mar. li3, "65.
Elstner, G. R., Aug. 8, "64.
Elwell, J. J., Mar. 13, "65.
Ely, Ralph, April 2, '65.
Ely, Wm. C, April 13, '65.
Engleman, A., Mar. 13, '65.
Enochs, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Ent, W. H., Mar. 13, "65.
Enyart, D. A., Mar. 13, '62.
Erskine, Albert, Feb. 13, '65.
Estes, L. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Evans, George S., Mar. 13, '65.
Plverett, Charles, Mar. 13, '65.
Fairchild, ('., Mar. 13, '65.
Fairchilfl, H. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Fallows, Samuel, Oct. 24, '65.
Fardella, Enrico, Mar. 13, '65.
Farnum, J. E., Jan. 3, '66.
Farnsworth, A., Sept. 27, '65.
Farrar, B. G., Mar. 9, '65.
Fearing, Benj. D., Dec. 2, '64.
Fisher, Benj. F.. Mar. 13, "65.
Fisher, Josc])h W., Nov. 4, '65.
Fi.sk. Henry ( '., .\pril 6, "65.
Fiske, Frank S., Mar. 13, '65.
Fiske, Wm. O., Mar. 13, '65.
Fitzsimmons, C, Mar. 13, '65.
Flanigan, Mark, Mar. 13, '65.
Fleming, R. E., Mar. 1,3. '64.
Fletcher, T. C, Mar. 13, "65.
P'lood, Martin. Mar. 1.3. '65.
Flynn, John, Mar. 13, '65.

Fonda, John G., June 28, '65.
Ford, James H., Dec. 10, "65.
P'orsyth, Geo. A., Feb. 13, '65.
Foster, Geo. P., Aug. 1, '64.
Foster, John A., Sept. 28, '65.
Foust, B. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Fowler, Edw. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Franchot, R., Mar. 13, '65.
Francine, Louis R., July 2, '63.
Frank, Paul, Mar. 13, "65.
Frankie, Jones, Sept. 3, '65.
Frazcr, D., Mar. 13, '65.
Frazer, John, Mar. 13, '65.
PVederick, C. H., Mar. 13, "65.
French, W. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Frink, Henry A.. Oct. 4, '65.
Frisbic, II. N., Mar. 13, '65.
Fritz, Peter, Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Frizell, J. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Frohock, Wm. T., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Fuller, H. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Fullerton, J. S., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Funke. Otto, Feb. 13, "65.
FyflFe, Edw. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Gage, Joseph S., J\me 15, '65.
Gallagher, T. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Gallup, Geo. W.. Mar. 13, '62.
Gansevoort, H. S., June 24, '64.
Gardiner, Alex., Sept. 19, "64.
Garrard, Israel, June 20, "65.
Garrard, Jephtha, Mar. 13, "65.
Gates, Theo. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Geddes, James L., June 5, "65.
Gerhardt, Joseph, Mar. 13, "65.
Gibson, H. G., Mar. 13, "65.
Gibson, Wm. II., Mar. 13, "65.
Giesy, Henry H., Mav 28, "64.
Gilbert, S. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Gilchrist, C. A., Mar. 26, "65.
Gile, Geo. W., May 6, "65.
Ginty, Geo. C, Sept. 28, '65.
(iiven, Josiah, Mar. 13, '65.
Given, William, Mar. 13, "65.
Gla,sgow, S. L., Dec. 19, '64.
Gleason, Newell, Mar. 13, '65.
Glenny, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Gobin', J. P. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Goddard, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Godman, J. H., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Goff, Nathan, Jr., Mar. 13. '65.
Goodell, A. A., Mar. 13, "65.
Goodyear, E. D. S., April 2, "(!5.
Gowan, Geo. W., .\pril 2, "65.
Graham, Harvey, July 25, "65.
Graham, Samuel, Mar. 13, "65.
Granger, Geo. F., June 12, "65.
Greeley, Edwin S., Mar. 13, '65.
Green, Wm. M., May 14, "64.
Gregg, Wm. M., April 2, '65.
Grier, D. P., Mar. 26, "65.
Griffin. Dan"l F., Mar. 1,3, '65.
(Jrindlay, James, Mar. 13, "65.
(iirosvenor. C. II., Mar. 1.3, "65.
Grosvenor, T. W., Feb. 13, "65.
Grovcr, Ira G., Mar. 13, "65.
Grubb, E. Btird, Mar. 13, "65.
Guiney, P. R., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Guppy, Jo.shua J., Mar. 13, '65.
Gurnev, William, Mav 19, "65.
Hall, Caldwell K., Mar. 13, "65.
Hall, Cyrus, Mar. 13, '65.
Hall, H". Seymour, Mar. 13, '65.
Hall, Jas. A., Mar. 3, '65.

Hall, James F., Feb. 24, '65.
Hall, Jarius W., Mar. 13, '65.
H.iU, Rob't M., Mar. 13, '65.
Hallowell. E. N., June 27, '65.
Halpine, C. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Hamilton, W. D., April 9, '65.
Hamlin, Chas., Mar. 13, '65.
Hammell, John S., Mar. 13, '65.
Hammond, J. H., Oct. 31, '64.
Hammond, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Hanbreght, H. A., June 7, '65.
Hanna, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Hardcnbergh, J. B., Mar. 13,
"65.

Harding, ("., Jr , Mav 27, "65.
Harlin, E. B,, Mar. 13, "65.
Harnden, IIenr\, Mar. 13, '65.
Harriman, Sam'l, April 2, '65.
Harrinian, W., Mar. 13, '65.
Harris, A. L.. Mar. 13, '65.
Harris, Benj. F.. Mar. 1.3, '65.
Harris, Chas. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Harrison, Benj., Jan. 23, '65.
Harrison, M. LaRue, Mar. 13,
'65.

Harrison, T. J., Jan. 31, '65.
Hart, James H., Mar. 13, "65.
Hart, O. H., Mar. 13, "65.
Hartshorne, W. R., Mar. 13,
'65.

Hartsuff. Wm., Jan. 24, '64.
Hart well, A. S., Dec. 30, '64.
Hartwell, C. A., Dec. 2, '65.
Ha.skill, L. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Hastings, R., Mar. 13, '65.
Haughton, Nath'l, Mar. 13,
"65.

Hawke.s, Geo. P.. Mar. 13, '65.
Hawkins, I. R., Mar. 1.3, "65.
Hawkins, R. C., Mar. 13, "65.
Hawlev, William, Mar. 16, '65.
Hayes, P. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Hayman, S. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Havs, E. L.. Jan. 12, '65.
Hazard, J. G., Mar. 13, "65.
Healy, R. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Heath, Francis, Mar. 13, '65.
Heath, Thomas T., Dec. 15, '64.
Hedrick, J. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Heine, Wm., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Heinrichs, Gus., Mar. 13, "65.
Henderson, R. M.. Mar. 13, '65.
Henderson, T. J., Nov. 30, '64.
Hendrickson, J., Mar. 13, '65.
Hennessey, J. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Henrv, Guv V., Oct. 28, "64.
Henry, Wm. W., Mar. 7, "65.
Herrick, W. F., May 13, '65.
Herring, Chas. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Hickcnloopcr, A., Mar. 13, '65.
Hill, Jonathan A., April 9, '65.
Hill, Svlvester G., Dec. 15, '64.
Ilillis, David B., Mar. 13, '65.
Ilillver, W. S.. Mar. 13, '65.
Hitchcock, G. II., Mar. 13, '65.
Hobart.H.CJan. 12, '65.
Hobson, Wm., April 6, '65.
Hoffman, H. C., Mar. 13, ;65.
Hoffman, Wm. J., Aue. 1, '64.
Hoge, Geo. B.. Mar. 13, '65.
Hoge, George W., Mar. 13, '65.
Holbrook, M. T., Mar. 13, "65.
Hollowav, E. S., Mar. 13, '65.

[310]

Duvid II. Strother, of \'irginia. Orig-
inally (\)lonol 3(1 West
Virginia Cavalry.

Thomas M. Harris, of West \'irginia
Originally Colont'l of the
10th Infanlrv.

Lawrence P. Ciraliani, of Virginia,
Organized and Led a Cavalry
Brigade in the Army of
the Potomac.

FEDERAL GENERALS
No. 29
VIRGINL\ AND

Henry Capehart, of West Virginia, Colonel John W. Davidson, of Virginia, Promoted for

1st Cavalry. WEST VIRGINIA the Capture of Little Rock.

Henry B. Carrington, Originally
Colonel of the 18th West Vir-
ginia Infantry.

WEST VIRGINIA
AND DISTRICT
OF COLUMBIA

Richard H. Jackson, of District
of Columbia, Brevetted for
Gallantry Diu-iii^ the War.

Union (BmnuiB

Holman, J. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Holt, Thomas, Mar. 13, "65.
Holter. M. J. W.. Mar. 13, 05.
Hooker, A. E., Mar. 13. "G5.
Horn, John W., Oct. 19, "(i-l.
Hotclikiss, C. T., Mar. 13, '05.
Hough, John, March 13, "65.
Houghtahng, Cha.s., Feb. 13,
'65.

Houghton, M. B., Mar. 13, '05.
Howard, Clias. H., .Vug. 15, '05.
Howe, Jolm H., Mar. 13, "65.
Howhind, H. N., Mar. 13, 'O^.
Howland, Jo.seph, Mar. 13, '65.
Hoyt, Clias. H., Mar. 13, '05.
Hoyt, Geo. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Hoyt, Henry M., Mar. 13, '65.
Hubbard, James, April 6, '65.
Hubbard, L. F., Dec. 16, '6-t.
Hubbard. T. H., June 30, '65.
Hudnutt, Jos. O., Mar. 13, '05.
Hudson, John G., Mar. 13, '65.
Huey, Pennock, Mar. 13, '65.
Hugunin, J. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Humphrey, T. W., June 10, '65.
Humphrey, Wm., Aug. 1, '04.
Hunt, Lewis ('., Mar. 13, '05.
Hunter, M. C, Mar. 13. '05.
Hurd, John R., Mar. 13, '05.
Hurst, Samuel H., Mar. 13, '05.
Hutchins, Rue P., Mar. 13, '05.
Hutchinson, F. S., Mav "Zi, '05.
Hyde, Thomas W., April 2, '05.
Ingraham, T., Oct. 2, '05.
Innes, Wm. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Irvine, Wm., March 13, '65.
Irvin, William H., Mar. 13, '65.
Ives, Brayton, March 13, '65.
Jacobs, Ferris, Jr., Mar. 13, '05.
Jackson, S. M., March 13, '04.
Jackson, Jos. C, Mar. 13, '65.
James, W. L., March 1, '66.
Jardine, Fdw., Nov. 2, '65.
Jarvis, Dwiglit, Jr., Mar. 13,
'65.

Jeffries, Noah L., Mar. 30, '65.
Jenkins, H., Jr., March 13, ^65.
Jcnnison, S. P., March 13, '65.
Johnson, Chas. A., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Johnson, G. M. L., Mar. 13, '05.
Johnson, J. M., March 13, '05.
Johnson, Lewis, March 13, '05.
Johnson, Robert, Mar. 1.3, '05.
Johns, Thos. D., March 13, '65.
.lones, J. 15., March 13, '65.
Jones, Edward F., Mar. 13, '65.
.lones. Fielder A., Mar. 13. '05.
.lones, Jolm S., March 13, '05.
.Jones, Samuel B., Mar. 31, '65.
.Jones, Theodore, Mar. 13, '65.
Jones, Wells S., Mar. 13, '65.
.Jones, Wm. P., March 13, '05.
•Jordan, Thos. J., Feb. 25, '65.
Judson, R. W., July 28, '60.
Judson, Wm. R., Mar. 13, '05.
Karge, Jonah, March 13, '65.
Keily, D. J., March 13, '65.
Kellogg, .John A., April 9, '65.
Kelly, John H., Feb. 13, '65.
Kennedy, R. P., March 13, '05.
Kent, Loren, March 22, '05.
Kennett, H. G., March 13, '65.
Ketner, James, March 13, '65.

Kidd, James H., Mar. 13, "65.
Kilgour, Wm. M., June 20, '6.5.
Kimball, .John W., Mar. 13, '65.
Kimball. Wm. R., Mar. 13, '05.
Kimberly, R. L., Mar. 13, '65.
King, Adam E., Mar. 13, '65.
King, John F., March 13, '65.
King, Wm. S., March 13, '65.
Kingsbury, H. D., Mar. 10, '65.
Kinney, t. J., March 20, '05.
Kinsey, Wm. B., Mar. 13, '05.
Kirby, Byron, Sept. 6, '65.
Kirby, Dennis T., Mar. 13, '65.
Kirby, Isaac M., Jan. 12, '65.
Kise, Reuben C, Mar. 13, '65.
Kitchell, Edward, Mar. 13, '05.
Kitching, J. H., Aug. 1, '64.
Kneffner, Wm. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Knefier, Fred'k, Mar. 13, '65.
Knowles, Oliv. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Kozlay, E. A., March 13, '65.
Krez, Conrad, March 26, '65.
LafHin, Byron, March 13, '65.
Lagow, C". B., March 13, '05.
La Grange, O. H., Mar. 13, '05.
La Motte, C. E., Mar. 13, '05.
Landram. Wm. J., Mar. 13, '62.
Lane, John Q.. March 13, '65.
Langdon, E. Bassett, Mar. 13,
'65.

Lansing, H. S., Mar. 13, '65.
LascUe, Wm. P., Mar. 1.3, '65.
Laughlin, R. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Latham, Geo. R., Mar. 13, '05.
Lawrence, A. G., Mar. 25, '05.
Lawrence, Wm. Henry, Mar.
13, '05.

Lawrence, W'm. Hudson, Mar.
13, '65.

Leake, Jos. B., March 13, '65.
Le Due, Wm. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Lee, Horace C, Mar. 13, '65.
Lee, Edward M., Mar. 13, '65.
Lee, John C, March 13, '65.
Lee, Wm. R., March 13, '65.
Le Favour, H., March 13, '65.
Le Gendre, C. W., Mar. 13, '05.
Leech, Wm. A., Mar. 13, '05.
Leib, Herman, March 13, '05.
Leiper, Chas. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Lewis, Chas. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Lewis, John R., March 13, '65.
Lewis, W. D., Jr., Mar. 13, '05.
Lincoln, Wm. S., June 23, '65.
Locke, Fred'k. T., April 1, '65.
Lockman, J. T., March 1,3, '65.
Loomis, Cvrus O.. .June 20, '65.
Lord, T. Ellery, Mar. 13, '65.
Love, George M., Mar. 7, '65.
Lovell, Fred'k S., Oct. 11, '65.
Lindley, J. M., March 1,3, '65.
Lippincott. C. E., Feb. 17, '65.
Lipjiitt, Francis J., Mar. 3, '65.
Lister, Fred. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Litchfield, A. ('., Mar. 13, '05.
Littell, John S., Jan. 15, '05.
Littlejohn, De Witt C, Mar.
13, '65.

Littlefield, M. S.. Nov. 26, '65.
Livingston, R. R., June 21, '05.
Ludington, M. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Ludlow, Benj. C, Oct. 28, '64.
Lyle, Peter, Mar. 13, '65.

Lyman, Luke, Mar. 13, '65.
Lynch, Jas. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Lynch, Wm. F., Jan. 31, '65.
Lyon, Wm. P., Oct. 20, '65.
McArthur, W. M., Mar. 13, '05.
McBride, J. D., Mar. 13, '65.
McCall, \\. H. H., April 2, '05.
McCalmont, A. B., Mar. 13, '65.
McCleery, Jas., Mar. 13, '65.
McCleuiien, M. R., April 2, '65.
McClurg, A. C, Sept. 18, '65.
McConihe, John, June 1, '64.
McConihe, Sam., Mar. 13, '65.
McConnclI, H. K., Mar. 1.3, '05.
McConnell, John, Mar. 13. '05.
McCook, A. G., Mar. 13, '05.
McCormick, Chas. C, Mar. 13,
'05.

McCoy, Daniel, Mar. 13, '65.
McCoy, Rob't A., Mar. 13, '65.
McCoy, Thos. F., April 1, '65.
McCrearv, D. B., Mar. 13, '65.
McCrillis, L., Sept. 4, '64.
McDougall, C. D., Feb. 25, '65.
McEwen, Matt., Mar. 13, '65.
McGarry, Ed., Mar. 13, '65.
McGowan, J. E., Mar. 13, '65.
McGregor, J. D., Mar. 13, '65.
McGroarty, S. J., May 1, '65.
McKenny, T. J., Mar. 13, "65.
McKibbin, G. H., Dec. 2, '64.
McLaren, R. N., Dec. 14, '65.
McMahon, J., June 30, '65.
McNary, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
McNaught, T. A., Aug. 4, '65.
McNett, A. J., July 28, '66.
McNulta, John, Mar. 13, '65.
McQueen. A. G., Mar. 13, '65.
McQueston, J. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Mackey, A. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Macaulev, Dan., Mar. 13, '65.
Magee, David W., Mar. 13, "05.
Malloy, Adam G., Mar. 13, '05.
Manderson, C. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Mank, Wm. G., Mar. 13, '05.
Mann, Orrin L., Mar. 13, '65.
Manning, S. H., Mar. 1.3, '05.
Mansfield, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Markoe, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Marple, Wm. W., Mar. 13, '05.
Marshall, W. R.. Mar. 13, '05.
Martin, Jas. S., Peb. 28, '65.
Martin, John A., Mar. 13, '65.
Martin, Wm. H., June 8, '65.
Mason, Ed. C, June 3, '65.
Mather, T. S., Sept. 28, "65.
Matthews, J. A., April 2, '65.
Matthews, Sol. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Mattocks, C. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Maxwell, N. J., April 18, '65.
Maxwell, O. C, Mar. 13. '65.
May, Dwight, Mar. 13, '05.
Meiiringer, John. Mar. 13, '05.
Merrill, Lewis, Mar. 13, '05.
Mer.scy, August, Mar. 13, '65.
Messer, John, Mar. 13, '05.
Meyers, Edw. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Michie, Peter S., Jan. 1, '65.
Miller, A. O., Mar. 13, '65.
Miller, Madison, Mar. 13, '65.
Mills, Jas. K., Mar. 13, '65.
Mintzer, Wm. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Mitchell, G. M., Aug. 22, '65.

Mitchell, W. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Mix, Elisha, Mar. 13, '65.
Mizner, H. R., Mar. 13, 05.
Mizner, John K., Mar. 13, '65.
Moffitt, Stephen, Mar. 13, '65.
Monroe, Geo. W., Mar. 13, '62.
Montgomery, M., Mar. 13, '65.
Moody, G., Jan. 12, '65.
Moon, John C. Nov. 21, '65.
Moonlight, Thos., Feb. 13, '05.
Moor, Augustus, Mar. 13, '65.
Moore, David, Feb. 21, '65.
Moore, Fred'k W., Mar. 20, '65.
Moore, Jesse H., May 15, '05.
Moore, Jon. B., Mar. 20, '05.
Moore, Tim. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Morehead, T. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Morgan, G. N., Mar. 13, "05.
Morgan, Thos. J., Mar. 13, 'C5.
Morgan, Wm. IL, April 20, '65.
Morgan, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Morrill, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Morrison, D., Mar. 13, '65.
Morrison, Jos. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Morse, Henry B., Mar. 13, '65.
Mott, Sam'l'R., Mar. 13, '65.
Mudgett, Wm. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Mulcahev, Thos., Mar. 13, "65.
Mulford, J. E., July 4, '64.
Mulligan, J. A., July 23, '05.
Mundee, Chas., April 2, '05.
Murphy, John K., Mar. 13, '05.
Murray, Benj. B., Mar. 13, '05.
Murray, Edw., Mar. 13, '05.
Murray, Ely H., Mar. 25, '65.
Murray, John B., Mar. 13, '65.
Mussey, R. D., Mar. 13, '05.
Myers, Geo. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Nase, Adam, Mar. 13, '65.
Neafie, Alfred, Mar. 13, '65.
Neff, Andrew J., Mar. 13, '65.
Ncff, Geo. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Neide, Horace, Mar. 13, '65.
Nettleton, A. B., Mar. 13, '62.
Newbury, W. C. Mar. 31, '65.
Newport, R. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Nichols, Geo. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Nichols, Geo. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Niles, Nat., Mar. 13, '65.
Noble, John W., Mar. 13, '65.
Noble, W'm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Northcott, R. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Norton, Chas. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Noyes, Edw. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Nugent, Robert, Mar. 13, '65.
O'Beirne, J. R.. Sept. 26, '65.
O'Brien, Geo. M., Mar. 13, "65.
0"I)owd, John, Mar. 13, '05.
Olev, John II.. Mar. 13, "65.
Oliphant, S. D., June 27, '65.
Oliver, Paul A , Mar. 8, '65.
Olmstead, W. A., April 9, '65.
Ordway, Albert. Mar. 13, '65.
Osband, E. D., Oct. 5, '64.
Osborn, F. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Oti.s, Calvin N., Mar. 13, '65.
Otis, Elwell S., Mar. 13, '65.
Otis, John L., Mar. 13, '65.
Ozburn, Lyndorf, Mar. 13, '65.
Packard, .jasper. Mar. 13, '65.
Painter, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Palfrey, F. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Palmer, Oliver H., Mar. 13, '65.

[312]

Walter p. Lane Led a Brigade William P. Ilardeiiian Led Lawrenee S. Ross Com- Walter H. Stevens, Chief
of Cavalry West of the a Brigade in Magruder's manded a Brigade in Engint er, Army of

Mississippi. Army. Wheeler's Cavalry. Northern Virginia.

Elkanah Greer Commanded A. P. Bagby, Originally Colo- John A. Wharton Com- James E. Harrison Com-

the Reserve Corps, nel of the 7th Cav- manded a Division of manded a Brigade of

Trans- Mississippi airy; Later Led a Wheeler's Cavalry Polignae's Division

Depaitment. Division. in Tennessee. in Louisiana.

William H. Young Led John W. Whitfield Joseph L. Hogg Led Samuel Bell Maxcy, William Steele Led

a Brigade in the Commanded a Bri- a Brigade in the Oiiginally Colo- a Brigade at

Army of Ten- gade of Texas Army of the nel of the 9th Shreveport

nessee. Cavalry, West. Infantry. 1864.

CONFEDERATE GENERALS— No. 21— TEX.\S

Union d^nerala

Palmer, Wm. J., Nov. C, "64.
Partridge, V. W., Mar. 13, 'Co.
Partridge, B. F., Mar. 31, '65.
Pari.sh, Chas. S., Mar. 13, "65.
Parrott, Jas. C, Mar. 13, "65.
Park, Sidney W., Mar. 13, "65.
Parkhurst, j. G., May 22, '65.
Pardee, D. A., Mar. 13, '(!,5.
Pardee, Ario, Jr., Jan. 12, '65.
Parry, Aug. ("., Mar. 13, '65.
Pattee, Jolm, Mar. 13, '(!5.
Pattee, Jos. H., .\pril !), '65.
Patterson, R. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Patterson, R. E., Mar. 13, "65.
Patterson, J. N., Mar. 13, "65.
Patten, H. L., Sept. 10, '61.
Paul, Frank, Mar. 13, '65.
Pavne, Eugene B., Mar. 13, '65.
Pavne, Oliver H., Mar. 13, '65.
Pearsall, Uri B., Mar. 13, '65.
Pearson, Rbt. N., Mar. 13, '65.
Pearce, John S., Mar. 13, '65.
Pease, Phineas, Mar. 13, '65.
Pease, Wm. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Peck, Frank H., Sept. 19, "65.
Pennington, A. C. M., Julyl6,
'65.

Perkins, H. W., Mar. 13, '65.
PerLee, Sam l R., Mar. 13, '65.
Phelps, Chas. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Phelps, John E., Mar. 13, '65.
Phelps, W., Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Phillips, Je.sse L., Mar. 13, '65.
Pickett, Josiah, Mar. 13, '65.
Pierson, Chas. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Pierson. J. Fred., Mar. 13, '65.
Pierson, Wm. S., Mar. 13, "65.
Pierce, F. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Pinckney, Jos. C, Mar. 1.3, '65.
Pinto, F. E., Mar. 13, '64.
Plainer, John S., Mar. 13, '65.
Pleasants, U., Mar. 13, '65.
Pollock, S. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Pomutz, Geo., Mar. 13, '65.
Pope, Ed. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Porter, Sam'l .\., Mar. 13, '65.
Post, P. Sidney. Dec. 16, '64.
Potter, Carroll H., Mar. 13, '65.
Powell, Eugene, Mar. 13, "65.
Price, Francis, Mar. 13, '65.
Price, W. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Price, S. W., Mar. 13, '62.
Price, Rich'd B., Mar. 13, '65.
Pritchard, B. I)., Mav 10, '65.
Proudfit, J. L., Mar. 13, "65.
Pratt, Benj. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Preston, S. M., Dec. 30, '65.
Prescott, Geo. L., June IS, "64.
Prevost, C. M., Mar. 13, "65.
Pugh, Isaac ("., Mar. 10, "(i5.
Piilford, John, Mar. 13, "65.
Quincv, S. M., Mar. 13, "65.
Randall, Geo. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Randol, A. M., June 24, '65.
Ratliff, Rbt. W.. Mar. 13, '65.
Ravnor, Wm. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Read, S. Tyler, Mar. 13, "65.
Read, Theo., Sept. 29, "64.
Remick, D., Mar. 13, "65.
Reno, M. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Revere, W. R., Jr., Mar. 13,
'65.

Revere, P. J., July 2, '65.

Reynolds, Jos. S , July 11, '65.
Richardson, H., Mar. 13, '65.
Richardson, W. P., Dec. 7, ^64.
Richmond, Lewis, Mar. 13, '65.
Riggin, John, Mar. 13, '65.
Rinaker, J. I., Mar. 13, '65.
Ripley, Edw. H., Aug. 1, '64.
Ripley, Theo. A., Mar. 13, "65.
Risdon, O. ( "., Mar. 1.3, "65.
Ritchie, John, Feb. 21, "65.
Robbins, W. R., Mar. 13, "65.
Roberts, Chas. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Roberts, S. H., Oct. 28, "64.
Robeson, W. P., Jr., April 1,
'65.

Robinson, G. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Robinson, H. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Robinson, M. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Rc)i)inson, W. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Robison, J. K., Mar. 13, '65.
Rockwell, A. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Rodgers, H., Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Rodgers, H. C, Mar. 13. '65.
Rogers, Jas. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Rogers, George, Mar. 13, '65.
Rogers, Geo. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Rogers, Wm. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Roome, Chas., Mar. 13, '65.
Rose, Thos. E., July 22. '65.
Ro.ss, Samuel, April 13, '65.
Ross, W. E. W., Mar. 11, "65.
Rowett, Rich"d, Mar. 13, "65.
Rowley, Wm. R., Mar. 13, "65.
Ruggles, Jas. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Rusk, Jer. M., Mar. 13, "65.
Rusling, Jas. F., I'eb. 16, "66.
Russell, Chas. S., July 30, "64.
Russell, Hy. S., Mar. 13, "65.
Rust, John D., Mar. 13, '65.
Rust, H., Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Rutherford, Allen, Mar. 13, '65.
Rutherford, G. V., Mar. 13, '65.
Rutherford, R. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Sackett, Wm. 11., June 10, '04.
Salm Salm, F. P., April 13, '65.
Sahmion, C. E., Mar. 13, '05.
Salomon, E. S., Mar. 13, '65.
Sanborn, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Sanders, A. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Sanders, H. T., April 19, "65.
Sanderson, T. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Sanford, E. S., Mar. 13, '05.
Sargent, H. B., Mar. 21, '64.
Sawyer, Frank, Mar. 13, '65.
Scates, W. B., Mar. 13, "65.
Schmitt, Wm. A., Mar. 13, "65.
Schneider, E. F.. Mar. 13, "65.
Schofield, H., Mar. 13, "65.
Schoficld, Geo. W., Jan. 26, "05.
Schwenk, S. K., July 24, "65.
Scribncr, B. F., Aug. 8, "64.
Scott, (Jeo. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Scott, Rufus. Mar. 13, '65.
Scaver, Joel J., Mar. 13, '65.
Seawall. Thos. D., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Sclfridgc, J. L., Mar. 16, "65.
Serrell,'^ Edw. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Sewall, F. D., Julv 21, "65.
Shaffer, G. T., Mar. 13, "65.
Shaffer, J. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Shaffer, Wm. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Sharpe, Jacob, Mar. 13, '65.
Shaurman, N., Mar. 13, '65.

Shaw, Jas.. Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Shedd, Warren, Mar. 13, '65.
Sheets, Benj. F., Mar. 13, "65.
Sheets, Josiah A., Mar. 13, "65.
Sheldon, Chas. S., Mar. 13, "65.
Shehlon, L. A., Mar. 13, "65.
Shepherd, R. B., Mar. 13, "65.
Sherwood, I. R., Feb. 27, "65.
Sherwin, T., Jr., Mar. 13, "65.
Shoup, Sam'l, Mar. 13, '65.
Shunk, David, Feb. 9, '05.
Shurtleff, G. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Sickles, H. F., Mar. 13, "65.
Sigfried, J. K., Aug. 1, "64.
Simpson, S. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Sleven, P. S., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Slocum, Willard, Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, Arthur A., Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, Al. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, Benj. F., Mar. 26, '65.
Smith, Chas. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, E. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, F. C, Mar. 13, "65.
Smith, Geo. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Smith, Gus. A., Mar. 13, "65.
Smith, Israel (".. Mar. 13, '65.
Smith. Janies, Mar. 13, "65.
Smith. John ('., June 20, "65.
Smith. Jos. S., July 11, "65.
Smith, Orlando, Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, Orlow, Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, Robert F., Mar. 13, '65.
Smith, Rbt. W., Feb. 13, '65.
Smith, Wm. J., July 16, '65.
Sniper, Gustavus, Mar. 13, '65.
Sowers, Edgar, Mar. 13, '65.
Sprague, A. B. R., Mar. 13, '65.
Sprague, Ezra T., June 20, '65.
Spalding, George, Mar. 21. '65.
vSpaulding, Ira, April 9, '65.
Spaulding, O. L., June 25, '65.
Spencer, Geo. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Spear, Ellis, Mar. 13, '65.
Spear, Sam'l P., Mar. 13, "65.
Spicely, Wm. T., A\ig. 26, "65.
Spurli'ng, A. B., Mar. 26, '(>:>.
Spofford, John P., Mar. 13, '65.
Stafford, Jacob A., Mar. 13, '65.
Stager, .\nson. Mar. 13, "65.
Stagg, Peter, Mar. 30, "65.
Stanley, Tim. L., Mar. 13, "65.
Stanton, David L., April 1, "05.
Starbird. I. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Starring, F. A., Mar. 13, "05.
Stedman, G. A., Jr., Aug. 5,
'04.

Stedman. Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Steers, Wm. II. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Steiner, John A., Mar. 13, '05.
Stephenson, L., Jr., Mar. 13,
'64.

Stevens, Aaron F., Dec. 8, '64.
Stevens, A. A., Mar. 7, '65.
Stevens, Hazard, April 2, '65.
Stevenson, R. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Stewart, Jas., Jr., Mar. 13, "65.
Stewart, W^ S.. Mar. 13, "65.
Stewart, Wm. W., Mar. 13, "65.
Stibbs, .lohn H., Mar. 13, "65.
Stiles, Israel N., .Tan. 31, "64.
Stockton, Jos., Mar. 13, '65.
Stokes, Wm. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Stone, Geo. A., Mar. 13, '65.

Stone, Roy, Sept. 7, '64.
Stone, Wm. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Stough, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Stoughton, C. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Stout, Alex. W., Mar. 13, '02.
Stratton, ¥. A., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Streight, Abel D., Mar. 13, '65.
Strickland, S. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Strong, Jas. ('., Mar. 13, '65.
Strong, Thos. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Strong, Wm. E., Mar. 21, '65.
Strother, D. H., Aug. 23, '65.
Sumner, E. V., Jr., Mar. 13, "65.
Sullivan, P. J., Mar. 13, "65.
Sweet, Benj., Dec. 20, "64.
Sweitzer, J. B., Mar. 13, "65.
Swift, Fred. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Switzler, T. A., Mar. 13, '65.
S\i)her, J. Hale, Mar. 13, "65.
Talbot, Thos. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Talley, Wm. C, Mar. 13, '65.
Tarbell, Jon., Mar. 13, '65.
Taylor, P:zra, Feb. 13, '65.
Taylor, J. E., Mar. 13, "65.
Taylor, John P., Aug. 4, "65.
Taylor, Thos. T , Mar. 13, "05.
Tevis. W. Carroll. Mar. 13, "05.
Tew, Get.. AV., Mar. 13, "65.
Thoma.s, Dc Witt C., Mar. 13,
"65.

Thomas, M. T., Ftb. 10, '65.
Thoma.s, Samuel. Mar. 13, '65.
Thompson, C. R., April 1,3, '65.
Thompson, 1)., Mar. 13, '65.
Thompson, H. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Thompson, J. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Thompson, J. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Thompson, R., Mar. 13, '65.
Thompson, Wm., Mar. 13, '65.
Thorp, Thos. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Throop, Wm. A., Mar. 13, '65.
Thruston, G. P., Mar. 13, '65.
Thurston, W. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Tilden, Chas. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Tilghman, B. C., April 1.3, '65.
Tillson, John, Mar. 10, '05.
Tilton, Wm. S., Sept. 9, "64.
Titus, Herbert B., Mar. 13, "65.
Tompkins, C. H., Aug. 1, '64.
Tourtelotte, J. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Tracv, B. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Trauernicht, T., Mar. 13, '65.
Tremaine, H. E., Nov. 30, '65.
Trotter, F. E., Mar. 13. "65.
True, Jas. M., Mar. 6, '65.
Trucx, William S., April 2, '65.
Trumbull, M. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Turley, John A., Mar. 13, '05.
Turner, Charhs, Mar. 26, '65.
Van Antwerj), Feb. 13, '65.
"\'anBuren. D. T., Mar. 13, '65.
VanBuren. J. L., April 2, '65.
YanBuren, T. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Van Schrader, A., Mar. 1,3, '65.
Varncv, (ico.. Mar. 13, '65.
Van IVttcn. J. v.. Mar. 13,'65.
Van Shaak, G. W., Mar. 13, '65.
Vail, Jacob G., Mar. 13, "65.
Vail, Nicholas J.. Mar. 13, "65.
Vaughn, Sam"I K., Aug. 9, "65.
Vickers, David, Mar. 13, "05.
Vifqiiain, V., Mar. 13, "65.
Von Blessingh, L., Mar. 1.3, '65.

[314]

Richard M. Gano Led a Hri- .Mattlicw I). Ector Led a Kicliard Watcrhousc Lcil Tlioinas Harrison Led a
gade of Morgan's Hrigadc in the Army of a brigade of Infantry brigade in the Army of

Cavalry. Tennessee. and Cavalry. Tennessee.

Felix H. Robertson Led a John C. Moore Led a Bri-
Hrigade of Cavalry in the gadc in the Army of

Arniv of Tennessee. the West.

John R. Baylor, Conspicnons Henry E. McCulloch, Texas
in ()i)erations in Texas and Brigade and District

New Mexico in 18(il-G2. Commander.

Jerome B. Robertson Led a Brigade in
Hood's Division.

Louis T. Wigfall, Bearer of a Flag Thomas N. Waul, Colonel of Waul's
of Truce at F'ort Sumter. Texas Legion.

CONFEDERATE GENERALS
—No. 22—
TEXAS (Continued)

Union O^rnrrala

Von EglofFstein, F. W., Mar.
13, '65.

\on \'cgos<ack, E., Mar. 13, '65.
Vreeland, M. J., Mar. 13, '65.
Wade, Jas. F., Feb. 13, "64..
Wagner, Loiii.s, Mar. 13, '65.
Waite, Charle.s, April i, '65.
Waite, Jolin M., Feb. 13, '65.
Wainwriglit, C. S., Aug. 1, '64.
Wainwright, W. P., Mar. 13,
'65.

Waleutt, C. F., April 9, '05.
Walker, I). S., Mar. 13, '05.
Walk. r, V. A., Mar. 31, '65.
Walker, M. H., Mar. ^7, '65.
Walker, Sanuiel, Mar. 13, '65.
Walker, Tlio.s. M., July 5, '65.
Wallace, M. R. M., Mar. 13,
'65.

Wangelin, Hugo, Mar. 13, '05.
Warner, D. H., Feb. 13, '05.
Ward. Durbin, Oct. 18, '05.
Ward, Geo. H., July i, '03.
Ward, Henry C, Nov. 29, '05.
Ward, Lyman M., Mar. 13, '05.
Warner," A. J., Mar. 13, '05.
Warner, Edw. R., \pri\ 9, '05.
Warren, L. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Washburn, F., April 0, '05.
^Va.shburn, G. A., Mar. 13, '65.

Wass, .\nsell D., Mar. l.S, '65.
Waters, L. H., June 18, '65.
W'eaver, Jas. B., Mar. 13, '05.
[ Webber, Jules C, Mar. 13, '65.
Webber, A. W., Mar. 20, '65.
Weld, S. M., Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Welles, Geo. E., Mar. 13, '65.
Wells, Geo. D., Oct. 12, 'Oi.
Wells, Henrv H., June 3, "65.
Wells, Milton, Mar. 13, '05.
Wentworth, M. F., Mar. 13,
'05.

Welsh, William, Mar. 13, '05.

West, Edward W., Mar. 13, '05.

West, Francis H., Mar. 13, '05.

West, Geo. W., Dec. 2, '64..

West, Henry R., July 13, '65. ,

West, Robert M., April 1, '05.

Wever, Clark R., Feb. 9, '05. I

Wheelock, Charles, Aug. 9, '04.

Wherry, Wm. M., .\pril 2, '05.

White," Daniel, Mar. 13, '05.

Whitaker, E. W., Mar. 13, '05.

Whistler, J. N. G., Mar. 13, '05.

Whitbeck, H. N., Mar. 13, '05.

White, Carr B., Mar. 13, '05.

White, David B., Mar. 13, '05.

White, Frank, Mar. 13, '65.
I White, Frank J., Mar. 13, '05.
1 White, Harry, Mar. 2, '65.

WTiitlier, Chas. A., April 9, '65.
Whittier, F. H., Mar. 13, '05.
Whittlesey, C. H., Mar. 13, '05.
Whittlesey, E., Mar. 13, '05.
Whittlesey, H. M., Mar. 13,
'05.

Wilcox, Jas. A., Feb. 13, '05.
Wilcox, John S., Mar. 13, '05.
Wilder, John T., Aug. 7, '04.
Wildes, Thos. F., Mar. 11, '05.
Wildrick, A. C., April 2, '65.
Wiles, G. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Wiley, Aquila, Mar. 1.3, '05.
Wiley, Dan l 1)., Mar. 13, '05.
Williams, A. W., Mar. 13, '05.
Williams, Jas. M., July 13, '05.
Williams, John. Mar. 13, '05.
Williams, R., Mar. 13, '05.
Williams, T. J., Sept. 22, '62.
Willian, John, April 9, '65.
Wilson, J. G., Mar. 13, '65.
Wilson, James, Mar. 13, '05.
Wilson, Lester S., Mar. 13, '05.
Wilson, Thomas, Mar. 13, '65.
Wilson, Wm. T., Mar. 13, '65.
Wilson, Wm., Nov. 13, '65.
Winkler, Fred. C, June 15, '65.
Winslow, Bradley, April 2, "65.
Winslow, E. F.. Dec. 12, '64.
Winslow, R. E., Mar. 13, '65.

Wise, Geo. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Wisewell, M. N., Mar. 13, '65.
Wister, L., Mar. 13, '65.
Witcher, John S., Mar. 13, '65.
Withmgton, W. H., Mar. 13,
'65.

Wolfe, Edw. H., Mar. 13, '65.
Wood, Oliver, Mar. 13, '65.
Wood, Wm. D., Mar. 13, '65.
Woodall, Daniel, Jime 15,'65.
Woodford, S. L., May 12, '65.
Woodhull, M. V. L., Mar. l."!,
'65.

Woodward, O. S., Mar. 13, "65.
WooUey, John, Mar. 13, '65
Wormer, G. S., Mar. 13, '05.
Wright, Ed., Mar. 13, '05.
Wright, Elias, Jan. 15, '65.
Wright, John G., Mar. 13, '65.
Wright, Thos. F., Mar. 13, '65.
Yates, Henry, Jr., Mar. 13, '65.
Yeoman, S. B., Mar. 13, '65.
Yorke, Louis E., Mar. 13, '65.
Young, S. B. M., April 9, '65.
Young, Thos. L., Mar. 13, '65.
Zahm, Louis, Mar. 13, '62.
Ziegler, Geo. M., Mar. 13, '65.
Zinn, Geo., April 6, '65.
Zulick, Sam'l M., Mar. 13,
'65.

[316]

1). IJ. Iliuiis, C'oloiu'l in tlio Arinstead L.Long, Start' Of- Jolin B. Floyd, in Command in \\ illiani L. Jackson, Oiigi-
Engineer Corps; Chief En- ficcr to Leo and His Wt-st Mrginia in 1801, la- nally Colonel of the

giiieer at Cliarleston. Autiiorized l?iograi)li<'r. ter at Fort Donelson. .'51st Regiment.

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS

No. 23
VIRGINIA

.\lbert G. Jenkins Led a Com- Daniel Ruggles Commanded

mand in Southwest Vir- a Division in General

ginia; Wounded at Breckinridge's Army.
( lovd's Mountain.

Camille J. Polignac, Defender
of the Red River Country,
Leatling in many
Battles.

Montgomery D. Corse Richard L. T. Beale Henry H. Walker Led Joseph R. Anderson Thomas Jordan, Beaure-

Battled Heroically at Led a Brigade in a Virginia Brigade Led a Brigade in gard's Chief of Staff;

Five Forks and Lee's Army. in Lee's Army. Lee's Army. Later Fought for

Petersburg. "Cuba Libre."

A FULL ROSTER COMPILED FROM THE OFFICL\L RECORDS

The Confederate titles l)elow derive authority through verification by General Marcus J. Wright, for many years in charge of
Confederate records at the United States War Department, Washington. Some ranks appropriate to high commands, and fully justi-
fied, were never legally confirmed. In sucli cases, as those of Jo.seph Wheeler and John B. Gordon, General Wright has followed
the strictest interi)retation of the Confederate records below. As for the body of this History it lias been thought best to employ the
titles most commonly used, and found in the popular reference works. The highest rank attained is given in every ca.se together
with the dale of the commission conferring such rank.

GENERALS

Regui^ar

Beauregard, P. G. T., July 21,
'61.

Bragg, Braxton, April 6, 'Gi.
Cooper, Samuel, May 10, "61.
Johnston, A. S., May 30, '61.
Johnston, J. E., July 4, '61.
Lee, Robert E., June 14, '61.

GENERAL
Provision.\l Aumy
Smith, E. Kirby, Feb. 1!), '04.

GENERALS
Provision.\l Army
{With Temporary Rank)
Hood, John B., July 18, '64.

LIEUTENANT-GENERALS

Provisional Army

Buckner, S. B., Sept. 20, '64.
Ewell, Richard S., Mav 23, '6.3.
Forrest, N. B., Feb. 28, '05.
Hampton, Wade, Feb. 14, '6.5.
Hardee, Wm. J., Oct. 10, '62.
Hill, Ambro.se P., May 24, '63.
Hill, DanielH., July 11, '6,3.
Holmes, T. H., Oct. 13, '62.
Jackson.T. J.,Oct. 10, '62.
Lee, Stephen D., June 23, '64.
Longstreet, James, Oct. 9, '02.
Pemberton, J. C., Oct. 10, '02.
Polk, Leoni.las, Oct. 10, '62.
Taylor, Richard, April 8, '64.

LIEUTENANT-GENERALS

Provision.^l Army

{With Temporary Rank)

Anderson, R. H., Mav 31, '64.
Early, Jubal A., May 31, '64.
Stewart, A. P., June 23, '64.

MAJOR-GENERALS

Provisional Army

Anderson, J. P., Feb. 17, '64.
Bate, William B., Feb. 23, '64.
Bowen, John S., May 25, "63.

Breckinridge, J. C, Apr. 14, '62.
Butler, M. C, Sept. 19, '64.
Cheatham, B. F., Mar. 10, "62.
Churchill, T. J., Mar. 17, '65.
Crittenden, G. B., Nov. 9, '01.
Cleburne, P. R., Dec. 13, '62.
Cobb, Howell, Sept. 9, '63.
Donelson, D. S., Jan. 17, '63.
Elzey, Arnold, Dec. 4, '62.
Fagan, James F., April 25, '64.
Field, Chas. W., Feb. 12, '64.
Forney, John H., Oct. 27, '62.
French, S. G., Aug. 31, '62.
Gardner, F., Dec. 13, '62.
Grimes, Bryan, Feb. 15, '65.
Gordon, John B., Mav 14, '64.
Ileth, Henrv, Oct. 10,"'62.
Ilindman, t. C, .\pril 14, '02.
Hoke, Robert F., April 20, '04.
linger, Benj., Oct.7, '01.
Johnson, B. R., May 21, '04.
Johnson, Edward, Feb. 28, '63.
Jones, David R., Oct. 11, '02.
Jones, Samuel, Mar. 10, '02.
Kemper, J. L., Sept. 19, '04.
Kershaw, J. B., May 18, '64.
Lee, Fitzhugh, Aug. 3, '63.
Lee, G. W. Cuslis, Oct. 20, '04.
Lee, W. H. F., Apr. 23, '04.
Loring, W. W., Feb. 17, '02.
Lovell, Man.sfield, Oct. 7, '01.
McCown, John P., Mar. 10, '62.
McLaws, L., Mav 23, '62.
Magruder, J. B., Oct. 7, '61.
Mahone, William, July ,30, '64.
Marmaduke, J. S., Mar. 17, '05.
Martin, Will T., Nov. 10, '03.
Maury, D. IL, Nov. 4, '02.
Polignac, C. J., April 8, '04.
Pender, W. D., May 27, '03.
Pickett, George E., Oct. 10, '62.
Price, Sterling. Mar. 6, '62.
Ransom, R., Jr., May 26, '03.
Rofles, Robert E., May 2, '03.
Smith. G. W., Sept. 19, '01.
Smith, Martin L., Nov. 4, '02.
Smith, William. Aug. 12, '03.
Stevenson, C. L., Oct. 10, '02.
Stuart, J. E. B., Julv 25, '02.
Taylor, Richard, July 28, '02.
Trimble, Isaac R., Jan. 17, "03.
Twiggs, D. E., May 22, '61.
Van Dorn, Earl, Sept. 19, '61.
Walker, John G., Nov. 8, '62.
Walker, W. H. T., May 23, '63.
Wliarton, John A., Nov. 10, '63.
Wheeler, Joseph, Jan. 20, '64.
Whiting, W. H. C, Apr. 22, '03.
Withers, Jones M., April 6, '62.
Wilcox, C. M., Aug. 3, '63.

MAJOR-GENERALS
Provisional Army'
{With Temporary Rank)
Allen, William W., Mar. 4, '65.
Brown, John C, Aug. 4, '64.
Clayton, Henry D., July 7, '04.
Lomax, L. L., Aug. 10, '04.
Ramseur, S. D., June 1, '64.
Ro.sser, T. L., Nov. 1, '04.
Walthall, E. C, July 6, '64.
Wright, A. R., Nov. 26, '64.
Young, P. M. B., Dec. 20, '64.

MAJOR-GENERAL

For Service with Volun-
teer Troops
{With Temporary Rank)
Gilmer, J. F., Aug. 25, '63.
BRIGADIER-GENERALS
Provisional Army
Adams, Daniel W., May 23, '02.
Adams, John, Dec. 29, '02.
Adams, Wirt, vSept. 25, '03.
Allen, Henry W., Aug. 19, '63.
Anderson, G. B., June 9, '62.
Anderson, J. R., Sept. 3, '61.
Anderson, S. R., July 9, '61.
Armistead, L. A., April 1, '62.
Armstrong, F. C, April 20, '63.
Anderson, G. T., Nov. 1, '62.
Archer, James J., June 3, '02.
Ashby, Turner, May 23, '62.
Baker, Alpheus, Mar. 5, '64.
Baker, L. S., July 23, '63.
Baldwin, W. E., Sept. 19, '62.
Barksdale, W., Aug. 12, '02.
Barringer, Rufus, June 1, '64.
Barton, Seth M., Mar. 11, "62.
Battle, CuUen A., Aug. 20, '03
Beall. W. N. R., April 11, '02.
Beale, R. L. T., Jan. 0, '65.
Bee, Barnard E., June 17, '6L
Bee, Hamilton P., Mar. 4, '( 2.
Bell,TvreeH., Feb. 28, '05.
Benning, II. L., .Ian. 17, '03.
Boggs, William R., Nov. 1, '02.
Bonham, M. L., April 23, '01.
Blanchard. A. G., Sept. 21, '01.
Buford, .\braham, Sept. 2, '02.
Branch, L. O. B., Nov. 10, '61.
Brandon, Wm. L., June 18, "04.
Bratton, John. Mav 0, "04.
Brevard. T. W., Mar. 22, "05.
Bryan, Goodc, Aug. 29, "03.
Cabell, Wm. A., Jan. 20, '63.
Campbell, A. W., Mar. 1, '65.
Cantey, James, Jan. 8, '63.

Capers, Ellison, Mar. 1, '65.
Carroll, Wm. H., Oct. 20, '61.
Chalmers, J. R., Feb. 13, '02.
Chestnut, J., Jr., April 23, '04.
Clark, Charles, May 22, '61.
Clark, John B., Mar. 8, '64.
Clanton, J. H., Nov. 16, '63.
Clingnian, T. L., May 17, '62.
Cobb, T. R. R., Nov. 1, '02.
Cockrell, F. M., July 18, '03.
Cocke, P. St. G., Oct. 21, '01.
CoLston. R. E., Dec. 24, '01.
Cook, Philip, Aug. 5, '64.
Cooke, John R., Nov. 1, '62.
Cooper, D. H., May 2, '63.
Colquitt, A. H., Sept. 1, '62.
Corse, M. D., Nov. 1, '62.
Co.sby, Geo. B., .Ian. 20, "63.
Camming, Alfred, Oct. 29, '62.
Daniel, Junius, .Sept. 1, '62.
Davidson, H. B., Aug. 18, '63.
Davis, Wm. G. M., Nov. 4, '62.
Davis, J. R., Sept. 15, '02.
Deas, Z. C, Dec. 13, '62.
De Lagnel, J. A., April 15, '62.
Deshler, James, Julv 28, '63.
Dibrell, Geo. G., Julv 20, '64.
Dockery, T. P., Aug. 10, '03.
Doles, George, Nov. 1, '02.
Drayton, T. F., Sept. 25, '01.
Duke, Basil. W., Sept. 15, '04.
Duncan, J. K., Jan. 7, 02.
Echols, John, April 10, '02.
P^ctor, M. D., Aug. 23, '62.
Evans, C. A., May 19, '64.
Evans, Nathan G., Oct. 21, '61.
P"arney, Wm. H., Feb. 15, '65.
Featherson, W. S., Mar. 4, '62.
Ferguson, S. W., July 23, '63.
Finegan, Joseph, j^ril 5, '62.
Finley, Jesse J., Nov. 10, '63.
Floyd, John B., May 23, '61.
Forney, John H., Mar. 10, '62.
Frazer, John W., May 19, '63.
Frost, Daniel M., Mar. 3, '62.
(Jano, Rich. M., Mar. 17, '65.
Gardner, Wm. M., Nov. 14, '61.
Garland. S;im., .Jr., Mav 23, '62.
Garnett, Rich. B., Nov. 14, '61.
Garnett, Robt. S., June 6, '61.
Garrott, I. W., May 28, '63.
Gartrell, Lucius J., Aug. 22, '04.
Garv, Martin W., May 19, '64.
Gatiin, Richard C, Julv 8, '61.
Gholson, S. J., May 0, '64.
Gist, States R., Mar. 20, '62.
Gladden, A. H., Sept. 30, '61.
Godwin, Arch. C, Aug. 5, '64.
Gordon, James B., Sept. 28, '63.
Govan, Dan'l C, Dec. 29, '03.

[318]

David A. Wfisingor,
ft-nilor of the PflcTsburg
( 'rater.

Gabriel C. AVhartoii, in the
Shenandoah Valley
in ISCl.

Philip St G. Coeko, First
Defender of Virginia,
in ISin.

Patrick T. Moore, in Com-
mand of Reserves De-
fending Richmond.

Edwin Ci. Lee, On Special
Service.

James 15. Terrell Led Pc-
gram's Old Brigade at
the Wilderness.

Robert IL Chilton, Lee's
Adjutant-General.

CONFEDERATE
GENERALS

No. 24
VIRGINIA

Seth M. Harton Led a George W. Railtlolph, Sec- William C. Wickham Fought Eppa llunton Letl a Bri-
Brigade in Lee's retary of War in Sheridan Before gade in Pickett's

.Vruiv. lS(i2. Richmond. Division.

Graeie, Arch., Jr., Nov. 4, "63.
Gray, Henry, Mar. 17, "65.
Grayson, Jolin B., Aug. 15, "61.
Green, Martin E., July 21, "62.
Green, Tliomas, May 20. "63.
Greer, Elkanah, Oct. 8, "62.
Gregg, John, Aug. 29, "62
Gregg, Maxcv, Dec. 14, "61.
Griffith, Ricli"., Xov. 2. "61.
Ilagood, Johnson, July 21, '62.
Hanson, Roger W., Dec. 13, "62.
Hardeman, W. P., Mar. 17, '6,5.
Harris, Nat. H., Jan. 20, '64.
Harrison, J. Dec. 22, '64.
Havs, Harry T., July 2.5, '62.
Hatton. Robert, May 23, "62.
Hawes, James M., Mar. 5, '62.
Hawlhorne, A. T., Feb. 18, '64.
Helm, Ben. H., Mar. 14, '62.
Hebert, Louis, May 2(i, '62.
Hebert, I'aul O., Aug. 17, '61 .
Higgins, Edward, Oct. 29, "63.
Hoiige, Geo. B., Noy. 20, "63.
Hogg, Joseph L., Feb. 14, "62.
Hoke, Robert F., Jan. 17, "63.
Hood, John B., Mar. 3, "62.
Huger, Benjamin, June 17, '61.
Humes, W. Y. ("., Nov. 16, '63.
Humplireys, B. (i.. Aug. 12, "63.
Hunton. Eppa, /\iig. 9, "63.
Iverson, Alfred. Nov. 1, "62.
Jackson, .Alfred E., Feb. 9, "63.
Jackson, H. R., June 4, "61.
Jackson, John K., Feb. 13, "62.
Jackson, Wm. A., Dec. 19, '64.
Jackson, Wm. H., Dec. 29, "62.
Jenkins, Albert G., Aug. 5, '62.
Jenkins, Micah, July 22, "62.
Johnston, R. D., Sept. 1, "63.
Jones, John M., May 1.5, "63.
Jones, John R., Jun ■ 23, "62.
Jones, William E., .Sept. 19, "62.
Jordan, Thomas, April 14, "62.
Kellv, John H., Nov. 16, "63.
Kirkland, W. W., Aug. 29, '63.
Lane, James H., Nov. 1, '62.
Lane, Walter P., Mar. 17, "6.5.
Law, Evander M., Oct. 3, "62.
Lawton, Alex. R.. April 13, "61.
Leadbctter, D., Feb. 27, '62.
Lee. Edwin G., Sept. 20, "64.
Lewis, Joseph H., Sejit. 30, "63.
Liddell, St. J. R., July 12, "62.
Little. Henry, April 16. "62.
Logan, T. M., Feb. 15, '65.
Lowrey, Mark. P., 0( t. 4, '63.
Lowry, Robert, Feb. 4, "65.
Lvon. Hvlan B., Jime 14. '64.
McCausland. J., May 18, "64.
Mc( 'oml), Wm., June .30, '65.
McCuUoch, H. E., Mar. 14, "62.
McCulh.ugh, Ben., May 11, "61.
Mc(iowan, S., Jan. 17, "63.
Mclntosli, James, Jan. 21, "62.
McNair. Evander. Nov. 4, "62.
McRae, Dandri lge, Nov. 5, "62.
Mackall, Wm. W., Feb. 27, "62.
Major, James P., July 21, '63.
Maney, George, April 16, "62.
Manigault, A. M.. April 26, "63.
Marshall, H., Oct. 30, "61.
Martin, James G., May 15, '62.
Maxey, S. B., Mar. 4, '62.

Mercer, Hugh W'., Oct. 2!), '61.
Moody, Young M., Mar. 4, "65.
Moore, John C"., May 26, "62.
Moore, P. T., Sept. 20, "64.
Morgan. John IL, Dec. 11. "62.
Morgan, John T., June 6, "63.
Mouton, Alfred, April 16, "62.
Nelson, Allison, Sept. 12, "62.
Nieholls, F. T., Oct. 14, '62.
O Neal, Ed. A., June 6, "63.
Parsons, M. M., Nov. 5, "62.
Paxton, E. F., Nov. 1, "61.
Peck, Wm. R., Feb. 18, "65.
Pegram, John, Nov. 7, '62.
Pendleton, W. N., Mar. 26, '62.
Perrin, Abner, Sept. 10, '63.
Perry, E.l. A., Aug. 28, '62.
Perry, Wm. F., Feb. 21, "65.
Pettigrew, J. J., Feb. 26, "62.
Pettus, E. W., Sept. 18, "63.
Pike, Albert, Aug. 15, '61.
Pillow, Gideon J., July 9, '61.
Polk, Lucius E., Dec. 13, "62.
Preston, William, April 14, "62.
Pryor, Roger A., April 16, "62.
Qiiarles, Wm. A., Aug. 25, '63.
Rains, G. J., Sept. 23, '61.
Rains, James E., Nov. 4, '62.
Randolph, G. W., Feb. 12, '62.
Ransom, M. W.. June 13, '63.
Reynolds, A. W., Sept. 14, '63.
Richardson, R. V., Dee. 1, '63.
Ripley, Ro.swell S., Aug. 15, '61.
Roberts, Wm. P., Feb. 21, '65.
Robertson, B. IL, June 9, '62.
Robertson, J. B., Nov. 1, '62.
Roddy, Philip D., Aug. 3, '63.
Roane, John S., Nov. 20, '62.
Ross, Lawrence S., Dee. 21, "63.
Ruggles, Daniel. Aug. 9, "61.
Rust, Albert, Mar. 4, "62.
Scales, Alfred M., June 3, '63.
Scott, T. M., May 10, "64.
Scurry, Wm. R., Sept. 12, '62.
Sears, Claudius W., Mar. 1, '64.
Semmes, Paul J., Mar. 11, "62.
Shelby, Joseph O., Dec. 15, "63.
Shoup, Francis A., Sept. 12, "62.
Sil)ley, H. H., June 17, '61.
Siinms, James P., Dec. 4, "64.
Slack, William Y., April 12,"C2.
Slaughter, J. E., Mar. 8, "62.
Smith, James A., Sept. 30, '63.
Smith, Preston, Oct. 27, '62.
Smith, Wm. D., Mar. 7, '62.
Stafford, I.eroy A., Oct. 8, '63.
Starke, Peter B., Nov. 4, '64.
Starke, Wm. E., Aug. 6, '62.
Stee le, William, Sept. 12, '62.
Sterling, A. M. W., Jan. 7, "62.
Steuart, Geo. H., Mar. 6, "62.
Stevens, C. H., Jan. 20, "64.
Stovall, M. A., Ai)ril 23, "63.
Strahl, Otho F., July 28, '63.
Taliaferro, Wm. B., Mar. 4, '02.
Tai)pan, James C, Nov. 5, '62.
Taylor, T. H., Nov. 4, '62.
Thomas, Allen, Feb. 4, '64.
Thomas, Ed. L., Nov. 1, "62.
Toombs, Robert, July 19, "61.
Tilghman. Lloyd, Oct. 18, "61.
Tracy, Edward D., Aug. 16, "62.
Trapier, James H., Oct. 21, "61. I

[,32

Tucker, Wm. F., Mar. 1, '64.
Tyler, Robert C, Feb. 23, '64.
Vance, Robert B , Mar. 4, "63.
Vaughn, A. J., Jr., Nov. 18, "63.
Vaughn, J. C, Sept. 22, "62.
\'illepigue, J. B., Mar. 13, "62.
Walker, H. H., July 1, '63.
Walker, James A., May 15, '63.
Walker, Lerov P., Sept. 17, "61.
Walker, L. M., April 11, "62.
Walker, Wm. S., Oct. 30, "62.
Waterhouse, R., Mar. 17, '65.
Watie, Stand, May 6, '64.
Waul, Thomas N., Sept. 18, '63.
Wayne, Henry C, Dec. 16, "61.
Weisiger, D. A., July 30, "64.
Wharton, G. C, July 8, "63.
W'hitfield, John W., May 9, '63.
Wickliam, W. C, Sept. 1, '63.
Wigfall, Louis T., Oct. 2, '61.
Williams, John S., April 16,'62.
Wilson, C. C, Nov. 16, "63.
Winder, Chas. S., Mar. 1, "62.
Winder, John H., June 21, '61.
Wise, Henry A., June 5, "61.
Woffard, Wm. T., Jan. 17, "63.
Wood, S. A. M., Jan. 7, "62.
Wright, Marcus J., Dec. 13, "62.
ZoUicoffer, Felix K., July 9,"61.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS
OF ARTILLERY
Provisional Army
Alexander, Ed. P., Feb. 26, "64.
Long, A. L., Sept. 21, '03.
Walker, R. L., Feb. 18, '65.

BRIGADIER-GENERAL

(CoM.MissARY General)
Provisional Aumy
St. John, Isaac M., Feb. 10, '65.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS

( Special Appointments)
Provisional Army
Imboden, John D., Jan. 28, ^63.
Johnson, Adam R., June 1, '64.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS
(Special)
Provisional Army
Benton, Samuel, July 26, '64.
Chambliss, J. R., Jr., Dec. 19,
'63.

Chilton, R. IL, Oct. 20, '62.
Connor, James, June 1, '64.
Elliott, S., Jr., May 24, '64.
Fry, Birkctt D., May 24, '64.
Gi'bson, R. L., Jan. 11, '64.
Goggin, James M., Dec. 4, '64.
Gorgas, Josiah, Nov. 10, '64.
Cranberry, H. B., Feb. 29, "04.
Hodge, Geo. B., Aug. 2, "64.
Leventhorpe, C, Feb. 3, '65.
McRae, William, Nov. 4, "64.
Northrop, L. B., Nov. 26, "64.
Page, Richard L., Mar. 1, '04.
Payne, Wm. H., Nov. 1, '64.

0]

Po.sey, Carnot, Nov. 1, '62.
Preston, John S., June 10, '64.
Reynolds, D. H., Mar. 5, '64.
Stevens, W. H., Aug. 28, '64.
Terry, William, May 19, '64.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS
Provisional Army
(With Tern porarij Rank)
Anderson, R. H., July 26, '64.
Barry, John D., Aug. 3, '64.
Brantly, Wm. F , July 26, '64.
Browne, Wm. M., Nov. 11, '64.
Bullock, Robert, Nov. 29, '64.
Carter, John C, July 7, '64.
Cox, William R., May 31, '64.
Dubose, D. M., Nov. 16, '64.
Dunnovant, John, Aug. 22, "64.
Girardey, V. J. B., July 30, '64.
Gordon, Geo. W'., Aug. 15, '64
Harrison, T., Jan. 14, '65.
Hill, Benjamin J., Nov. 30, "64.
Holtzclaw, J. T., July 7, '64.
Johnson, B. T., June 28, '64.
Johnson, G. D., July 26, '64.
Kennedy, J. D., Dec. 22, '64.
Lewi,s, Wm. G., May 31, "64.
Lilley, Robt. D., May 31, "64.
Miller, William, Aug. 2, '64.
Palmer, Joseph B., Nov. 15, '64.
Robertson, F. H., July 26, '64.
Sanders, J. C. C, May 31, '64.
Sharp, Jacob H., July 26, '64.
Shellev, Chas. M., Sept. 17, '64.
Smith, T. B., July 29, '64.
Sorrell, G. Moxlev, Oct. 27, "64.
Terrill, James B., May 31, "64.
Terry, W^m. R., May 31, '64.
Toon, Thomas F., May 31, "64.
Wallace, Wm. IL, Sept. 20, "04.
York, Zebulon, May 31, "64.
Young, W'm. H., Aug. 15, '04.

BRIGADIER-GENERALS
For* Service with Volun-
teer Troops
(With Temporary Rank)
Armstrong, F. C, Jan. 20, '63.
Dearing, James. April 29, '64.
Thomas, Bryan M., Aug. 4, '64.

The following were assigned
to duty as general officers by
Gen. E. Kirby Smith com-
manding the Tran.s-Mississippi
Department , and served as such.
Green, Cuilen.
Gordon, B. Frank.
Harrison, G. P. J.
Jaekman, S. D.
Lewis, Leven M.
Maclay, Robt. P.
Munford, Thomas T.
Pearce. N. B.
Randall, Horace.

Assigned to duty as briga-
dier-general by Major-General
Fitzhugh Lee and served as
such though not appointed by
the President or confirmed.
Terrell, Alex. W., May 16, '65.

Richiirtl L. Page ( 'oiiiin:iii(k'il llie Carter J^. Stevenson, Active Division Henry A. Wise, Defender of Peters-
Defenses of Mobile Bay. Leader in the West. burg in 18C4.

John McCausland, Cavalry Leader in William H. Payne, Leader of the Alexander \\. Reynolds Led a Bri-
the Shenandoah Valley. Blaek Horse Cavalry. gade in the Army of Tennessee.

INDEX

liKADEltS WILL BENEFIT BY A GLANCE AT THE FOLLOWING NOTE, WHICH IMPARTS
SrE( lAL MEANING TO THE REFEREN( ES THAT FOLLOW

Much liiuc is usii:illy losL in rcftTriiig' to an Index of a work as extended and replete witli statenient.s of fact as the
PHOTOCJHAIMIK" HISTORY. The novel plan of these volumes, however, renders it po.ssibh- for the reader to identify
the nature of each reference, simply by remembering the distinctive character of the volume in question. For convenience,
the titles of tlie ten volumes will now be repeated:

1. rilK ()I*EM.\(; H.VTTLES IV. THE CAVALRY VIII. SOLDIER LIFE— SECRET

Ai)ril, 18C1— July, 1862 SERVICE

V. FORTS AND ARTILLERY

n. TWO YEARS OF CJRIM WAR

August, 1862— April, 1864 IX. POETRY AND ELOQUENCE

VI. THE NAVIES

III. THE DECISIVE RATTLES

April, 1864— May, 1865 VII. PRISONS AND HOSPITALS X. ARMIES AND LEADERS

Each volume numljer constitutes a characterization in itself. Thus, under the heading "Gettysburg" the reference
to " II., 23t," clearly indicates the campaign narrative, since Volume II. is that one of the three volumes on BATTLES which covers
the i)erit)d between August, 1862, and April, 1864, thus including the days of July, 1863, that witnessed the great battle.

Hut the further reference to Gettysburg, " IV., 238" as clearly indicates a treatment of operations of the Cavalry, since
IV. is the volume on CAVALRY, .\gain, the reference imder this same heading, " V., 40," must indicate the treatment of the
events at Gettysburg in which a part was played by the Artillery, since V. is the ARTILLERY volume.

Thus this History's classification of Civil War matters, volume by volume, has made it possible to present in the Index
that follows a much greater number of items and references for the reader's convenience than has ever been the case pre-
viously in a work of this magnitude.

GENERAL OFFICERS. Any general officer, Union or Confederate, who served in the Civil War, not to be found
in the Index that follows, can be placed as regards his full rank, name, and date of appointment by referring to the ROSTER
immediately preceding.

BOLD FACE ARABIC FIGURES INDICATE ILLUSTRATIONS. The Roman numerals indicate the number of the
volume. The Arabic figures in bold face type indicate pages on which photographs appear (text references arc in ordinary Roman
type). Thus, under Pleasonton, A.. "IV., 2!17," means that there is an illustration.

A

"A Georgia Volunteer," M. A.

Townsend, IX., 276.
"A Messaee." E. S. P. Ward, IX.,

144, 14.5, 140.
"A. of P.," Headquarters, mail and

newspapers, VIII., 33.
"A Second Review of the Grand

Army," F. Bret Harte, IX., 232.
"A Soldier's Grave." .luhn .\lbee.

IX., 274,
Abatis, v., 210.
Abbeville, La., VII., 240.
Abbeville. Miss., III., 330.
Abbov, H.. IX., HIS.
Abbot, H. L.; III., 188; V., 51,

192.

Abbot, ,J. C., III., 327.

Abercrombie, ,1. J.: I., 38; sons of,
VIII., 192.

Aberdeen, Ark., I., 308.

"About-Faced" Redo\ibt, Peters-
burg, Va., v., 49.

[d— 21] 2— Ed.

.\ccakeek Creek, Va., V., 280.
".Acceptation." M. .J. Preston, IX.,

230, 231.
Adairsville, Ga., III., 112.
Adams, C. F.: I., 00; III., 94; V.,

247; VI., 40; VIII., 13.5; eulogy

on Gen. Lee bv, IX., 3S; oration

bv, IX.. 122. 123.
.\d.nms, D. W,: III., ,34fi; X., 373.
Adams, H. A., VI., 19. 357.
Adams. .1.: II., 288; III., 204, 340;

X., 1.57.
.\dams, .1 G. B., X., 296.
Adams, V. W., VIII.. 167.
Adams, W.: III., 326; X., 377.
Adelrii'lr, V. S. S.. VI., 100.
Adrian, Mich.: Fourth Reg. or-

g.anize.l in, VIIL, 73.
.4. D. Van,;: C. S. S., VI., 21, 123,

124.

.4. D. Vance, V. 8. S., III., 342.
"After All," W. Winter, IX., 238,
241.

[

Agaioam, U. S. S., VI., 315.

Age; of Northern recruits, VIII.,
190, 232; of various Federal offi-
cers, VIIL, 193-196.

Agnew. C. R., VIL, 226.

Amhurth, H. M. VI., 119,

Aiken. A. M.. VIL, 113 seq.

Aiken, S. C. III., 342.

Aitcen, revenue cutter, VI., 82.

Aiken. V. S. ,s;., VI., 268, 310.

Aiken house, near Petersburg, Va.,
III., 197.

Aiken Landing, on .James River,
\:\.: VII., 102; prisoners ex-
changed at, 107; exchange point
of prisoners, 109, 111, 113 seq.\
mill near, 115.

.\insworth, F. C: statistics of, on
f 'oTifi'derate prisoners, VII., 43;
.Minted, VIL, ,50, 208.

"Ajax," Lee's charger, IV., 300.

Alabama: secedes, I., 346.

J]

Alabama trocjps:

Cavalry: First, II., 334; Fourth,
IV., 160.

Infantry: First, I., 3,52, 3.58;
Third, lo.s.ses at Malvern Hill,
Va., X., L5S; Fourth, I., .3.50; IV.,
164; Fifth, I„ 3.50; lo.sses at
Malvern Hill, Va., X., 1.58; Sixth,
I., 350; losses at Seven Pines,
Va., X., 158; Eighth, I., 88;
Ninth, VII., 147, Tenth, L, 356;
Eleventh, I., 3.34; losses at
Glendale, Va., X., 158; Twelfth,
losses at Fair Oaks, Va., X., 158;
Fourteenth, X., 156; Sixteenth,
I., 356; Twenty-seventh, I., 356,
358; Fiftv-first, II., 330.

Alabama, C. S. S.: III., 324; VI.,
20 seq.. 36, 38, 287, 289, 293, 294,
296. 300; officers of, 301, 302, 303,
:304, 305, 306, 316, 320; IX., .340,
343, 346.

Alabama. U. S. S., III., 342.

Alabama Central Railroad, I., 213.

ALABAMA

INDEX

ARMY OF THE POTOMAC

"Alabama" Claims, VI., 122.
Alabama House. Stevenson, Ala.,
IX., 99.

-Alabama River: fleet steaming up
the, in war-time, IV., 139.

.\lamosa, N. Mex., near Ft. Craig,
I., 352.

Albatross, U. S. S., II., 210; VI.,

217, .318.
Albee, J., IX., 274, 27n.
Albemarle, C. S. S., III., 318, 338;

VI., 38, 87, 199, 263, 29U, 320,

322.

Albemarle Sound, N. C, VI., 9."),

115,263,268,312.
".\lbert Sidney Johnston," K. B.

Sherwood, IX., 92.
Alcorn, Lieut., I., 33; III., 177, 17H.
Alcott. L. M., VII., 385.
Alden, .J., I., 227, 229; VI., 189;

190, 310.

Aldie, Va., II., 336; Confederate
oavalrvmen captured at, VII.,
169.

Alexander the Great, I., 124, 129.
Alexander, B. S., V., 2.50.
Alexander, E. P., II., .346: V., 61;

v., 72; VIII., 313, 31S, 340,
.\lexander, G. W.. VII., 199; IX.,

346.

Alexander. J. W., VII., 139.

Alexandria, La.; I., 74, 77; rapid,; at,
I., 74; IIL, 318; VI., 225, 227.

Alexandria. Tenn., IV., 144.

Alexandria, Va.: I., 74. 77, 148, 167,
258 seq., 346, 351; II., 39; Federal
troops in, II., 43; hay wharf at,
IV., 65, 66, 93; engines stored in,
IV., 97; Delaware Kemper's
Artillery Company, V., 60, 85, 90;
stockade in street, V., 91, 102;

VI. , 27, 91, 93, 94, 96, OS; Provost-
Marshal destroying house at,

VII. , 189; Provost-Marshal's tent
at, VII., 189; .Mansion House Hos-
pital, VII., 233; Baptist Church
Hospital, VII., 334; Christ Church
Httspital, VII., 334; churches
and residences used as hospitals,
VII., 234, 335; Friends' Meeting
House Hospital, VII., 234; Grace
Church Hospital. VII., 334;
Lvceum Hall Hospital, VIL, 334;
St. Paul Church Hospital, VII.,
3.34; Claremont General Ho.spital,
VII., 335; Grosvenor House Hos-
pital, VII., 335; King Street Ho,s-
pital, VII., 335; New Hallowell
Hospital, VII., 335; Prince Street
Hospital, VII., 335; convales-
cent camp at, VIL, 376, 379,
287; Soldiers' Hcst. VII., .331;
convalescent camp at, VII., 33.3;
Government bakeries. VIII., 3.S,
88; camp of the I riited States
Eleventh Infantr\-, VIII., 333,
333; Provost-Marshal's utfice,
VIIL, 345; IX., 75; S.ildiers'
Cemetery, IX., 381; (.)ld Christ
Church, X., 5.3; biivhood home of
Lee, v., .54.

Alexandria Falls, La.. VI., 320.

Alger, R. A., X., 296.

"Alien lOnemies .\ct": arrests
under, VII., 199, 204, 210.

' '.\11 Quiet -Mong the Potomac,"
IX., 143.

All Saints' Parish, S. C, VI., 322.

Allan, G. H., IX., .352.

Allan, H. L., VII., 125.

Allatoona, G i., IIL, 216, 218; de-
fense of, VIIL, 332.

Allatoona Hills, Ga., IIL, 114.

Allatoona Pass, Ga.: III., Ill, 112,
113, 122, 332; Federal fortifica-
tion at, v., 201.

Alldridge, Master, C. S. N., VIL,
123.

.\lleghenv. Pa.: V., 144; arsenal.

v., 1.54.
Allen, A., VL, 312.
Allen, E. .1.. VIIL, 276.
Allen, G. H., X., 292.
Allen, W., v., 170; X., 103.
Allen, W. W., X., 355.
Allen's Farm, Va., L, 332.
.\llen's fannhou.se, \'a.. I., 323.
AUsop, Mrs., IIL, 65.
Allsop Farm, Va., IIL, 63.
"Almond Eve." horse of B. F.

Butler. IV.. 31.S.
Alpine, Ga., II., 274, 27.S.
Alton, Ills., prison, VIL, 54 seq.,

144.

Aharado, C. S. S., VL, 119.

Alvord, C. A., II., 69.

Ambulance corps: VII., 297 seq.;
N.Y. Fifty-seventh Inf., VIL, 299.

.\mbulances: of the Union Army
taking part in the Grand Review.
1865, VIL, 11; drill in the field,
VIL, 305; going to the front, VIL,
309; t\'pes of, for the transpf)r-
tation of wounded, VIL, 310,
repair .shop at W'.ishington,
D. C, VIL, 311; iiuiiderous two-
wheeled and merciful four-
wheeled, VIL, 311; service,
organization of, for transporta
tion of wounded, VIL, 312, 316;
train of the engineer corps, Fal-
mouth, \'a., VIL, 314, 315; train
at Harewood Hospital, Washing-
ton, D. C, VIL, 313; medi-
cal supplv w.agons "parked,"
1864, VIL. 313; at City Point,
VIL, 313.

Amelia, ship, VL, 122.

.\melia Court House, \ a.: III., 304,
.309; v., 266; Lee's army at,
VIIL, 30; X., 72.

.\nielia Springs, \'a.. III., 344; V.,
268.

America, Oldest Church in, II., 351.
American slavery, IX., 252.
American Telegraph Co., VIIL,
346.

American volunteer, as a soldier,
X., 134.

.■\mcricani.sm of Southern armv,
VIIL, 118, 123.

Ames, A,: IV., 197; with staff,
VIIL, 193, 196.

Ammen, .1., X., 233.

Anmiunition: t rain of Third Divison,
IV., 317; Federal scarcity of, V.,
136; Confederate, in pr(jportion
to FederaN kill. .1, V., 170; danger
in use of, V., 172; used in the war,
v., 172; breech-loading, V., 174;
for field artillery, V., 176; Con-
federate solid shot and grtipe, V.,
177; for rifled cannon, V., 1S4;
Confederate supply of, V., 192.

.\mu.sements in camp; VIIL, 117,
124, 131.

Anacostia, V. S. S., VI., 95, 96,

97, 99, 308.
Anandale, Va., I., 354.
Anderson, A., V., 295, 298.
Anderson, E. M., VL, 301.
.\nderson, George B., X., 149.
Ander.son, G.T.,X., 363.
Anderson. G. W., IIL, 225 srq., 27S,

2S1, ;i(l(;, :i30, 331, 332.
Anders., I,, (1. W., .Jr.. VL, 241.
Aiid.TM,,!. .1. P., L, 199, X., 261.
Aii.lrr-..ii. .1. K., X., 317.
An l. rs .n, 1!.: faniilv of, I., 85, 349;

VL, 93, 322; IX., 40, 41, 42, 43,

33 "i; X., 14.
Ai,iler.son, R. H.: IL, 07, .324, 334,

.344; IIL, .52. .53, 08, 86, 321, 32,8,

346; VIIL, 191; X., 247, 2.50.
And.Ts-.n. Hi.liiTl H., X., 137, 155.
And.Tsoii, S, R., X., 397.
.\nd<T.s„n, W. G., IIL, 340.
.Vnderson's Cross Roads, Tenn.,

IV, 160.

AM.l.Tsniiville. Ga.: IIL, 138; VIL,
(6. 51, ,s,,/,, 67, 72 siij.; a prison
ai, VIL, 71. 75; statistics of pris-
oners at, VIL, 76, 78; rations
supplied prisoners at, VIL, 80;
lumiber of pri.scmers at, VIL, 84
stq.: ceineter\' at. VIL, 119; in-
tcri.T ..f >t...kade, VIL, 119;
liiintinu' r.>.ils tor firewood at,
VIL, 139; issuiiiL' rations in. VIL,
131; pris.iTi at, VIL, i:it seq.. 170
,vr</,: "l). ail kill.' " at, VIL, 175;
huts built up. ■ 'Di-ail Line " at,
VIL, 177; iiit.-ri..r .>f st.H-ka.le at,
VIL, 177; l>ur\insr ih.' dea.l at,
VIL, 179.

.Andrew, .J. .4., IX., 154.

Andrews, C. C. IL, .343: X., 317.

Andrews, E. B., X., 33.

Andrews, G. I... X., 315.

.Andre\.s. .1. .1.: VIL, 31; executed
as a spy. VIIL, 277.

Andrews. S.. VIIL, 126.

Ann, British steamer, VL, 314.

.1/1/1 Maria, British schooner, VL,
316.

.\nnapolis, Md.: V., SO; naval
;ica'leni\- at. VI., .50, 70; camp a1 ,
VIL, 107: VIIL, 89.

.Aim.ip.'lis .lunction. Md.: New-
York Seventh arrives at, VIIL, 67.

.\nthonv & Co., chemists. I., 31,
42, 44; IIL, 170.

Antietam, Md.: I., 53, 61, 62; view
of battle field, L. 65, 132;
churches, Lutheran and Dunker,
in the battle area, II., 4; invasion
of the North, to follow II., 55;
Mtmima's house at, IL, 65; ar-
rangement of the two arniies be-
fore the battle of, II., 65, 68;
"Bloody Lane," II., 69; Dunker
church, after the Federal as-
.sault, IL, 75; Lincoln's vi.sit
to camps around, IL, 77;
results of the battle, IL, 78:
moral effect of the battle of,
7.S, 176. 324; IIL, 49: IV., 87, 197.
229,231 .s((^,; V., 21, 27, 35; Fed-
eral artillery at, V., 36, 61, 62, 67,
202, 232; caring for wounderl,
VIL, 13; wounded after, VIL, 13,
219; wounded of. VIL, '»63; VIIL,
22; Sixth \ermont tit, VIIL, Ii5,
99, 103, 229, 232, 236; bridge at,
IX., 141; battles of, IX., 157, 161;
Dunker Church after tlie battle,
IX., 189: 196; Burnsidc's Bridge
at, IX., 199; "Bloody Lane" at,
IX.,201; "Again the work of Hell,"
IX., 201; battlefield, IX., 341;
graves at, IX., 383; cemetery at,
IX., 283; X., 122; los.ses at, X.,
124, 142.

Antietam Creek: bridge over, I.,
53, 64; IL, 64; IV., 231; V., 232.

Apache Canon, N. Mex., I., 300.

Apalachicola, Fla., V., 156.

Appendices: A., VIL, 345; B, VIL,
346; C, VIL, 347; D. VIL, 349.

Apponuittox, \'a.: signal tower at,
I., 37; McLean hou.se at, I., 85,
1.34; IL, 11, 106; IIL, 294, 295,
316; IV., 23. 34. .50. 124, 258;
campaign, IV., 212; V., 21, .54,
300; VIIL, 73, 126, 2.54; IX., 112,
124, 128, 1.55, 243, 247, 2.50, 257,
322; surrender at, X., 32.

Appomattox Court House, Va. :
IIL, 20, .306. 312, 31.3, 315,
346; v., 270; IX., 137.

Appomattox Inn, \ a., IX., 129.

Appomattox River, \a.: III., 297,
346; IV., 87; pontoon bridge
across, V., 2.39, 2»i2, 264, 266,
270; VL, 131, 143; hospital
wharf at, VIL, 307; transport on,
VIIL, 45.

.\pooniattox Station, Va., III., 313.

Aqreduct Bridge, Va., V., 92, 102,
237.

Aquia" Creek, Va.: II., 85, 104;
v., 232, 278, 290; VL, 92, 95, 96,
97, 98, 101; Confederate batter-
ies at.VL, 267, 308; VIL, 42; Pro-
v St Marshal at. VIL, 187; sup-
plv depots at, VIIL, 30; embark-
ing of troops at. VIIL, 37.

Aquia Creek Landing, Va., IX., 145.

Aragn, U. S. S., the deck of, VIIL,
45.

Arbitrarv arrests: some interesting
examples of, VIL, 198, 200, 202;
less frecjuent in the South than
in the North, VIL, 199, 208, 210.

Archer, J. .1., IL, 241; IX., 223; X.,
109.

Arrher, schooner, VI. , 294.

Argo. V. S. S.. VIL, 307.

Ariel, British schooner. VI. , 316.

^rics. r. S. S.. IIL, 342.

Arkansas: enlistment on both sides,
VIIL, 103.

Arkansas troops: Confederate.

Infantry: First, I., 350; IL,
342; Third, I., 3.50; Fourth, I.,
3.50, 3.58; Fifth. I., 3.50; Thir-
teenth. I., 354: Iwiiirteenth. I.,
358; Fifti'cTith. I., 356, 3.'!S; Six-
teenth, I., 35.S: .S.ycnteenth. I.,
3.58; Nineteenth. I., 3.58; Twenty-
first, I., 3.58; Twentv-second,
I., 3.58.

Mounted Rifles: Second, I., 3.58.

Arkansas, C. S. S.; I., 183 seq., 228,
36S; IL, 196; VL, 224, 22i), 316.

Arkansas Post, Ark.: II., 206;
losses at, X., 142.

Arlington. \'a.: I., 140. 144; cavalry
station at, IV., 323; V., 21; regi-
mental bands of, VIIL, 2.33;
Lee's home. IX., l'J5; cemetery
at, IX., 2S1; X., ,54; home of R.
E. Lee. X., 57, 59.

Arlington Heights, Va.: I., 343; II.,
54; IIL, 1.53; block house near

.\queduct Bridge. X., 237; .\ Y.
Seventh Inf. at, VIIL, 67, 87;
N. Y. Twelfth Inf. at, VIIL, 89,
100.

Armies of the Confederate States,
the losses of, X., 148, 239, 242 .vc^.

Armies, Confederate States:

.\rmv of Central Kentucky, X.,
258.

Army of East Tennessee, X., 258.
.Army of Eastern Kentucky, X.,
2.54.

-•\rmy of the Kanawha, X., 254.
.\rmv of Kentucky, V., 70; X.,
2.58.

.•\rmy of Louisiana, X., 2.54,
.'\rnn' of Middle Tennessee, X.,
270.

.\rniv of the Mississippi : I., 360;
IL, 166 .?eq.; IIL, 320; V., 70;
X., 260. 264, 266, 272, 276.

.\rmy of Missouri, X., 274.

.\rmy of Mobile, X., 256.

.\rmy of New Mexico, X., 2.54.

Armv of Northern \'irginia: I.,
34, 82, 96, 29N, 368; II., 80,
105, 106, 22.S, 231. 270, 322,
324, 3.34, 340, 342, 344, 346;
IIL, 27, 34, 70, 104, 188, 288,
305, 306, 308, 318, .320, 322,
324, 326, 328, 330, 338, 346;
Cavalry Corps, IV., 76 seq.;
84, 87, 92, 99, 108, 190, 2.53,
258, 277 seq.; V., .54. 170. 2.58.
306; VL, 212; VIL, 20. 72, 1.54,
233, 270; VIIL, 103, 107. 114.
124; Texas soldiers, VIIL, 129,
145, 163, 167, 236; losses of,
VIIL, 244. 279. 289; IX., 121,
124, 148, 313, 331; X., 66, 110,
246, 248, 2,50.

Army of the Northwest, X.,242.

.Armv of the Peninsula, VIIL,
371 ; X., 242.

.\rm.y of Pensacola, X., 256.

.\rMiy of the Potomac, X., 244.

.\rm>' of the Shenandoah, X., 240.

.\rmy. Southwestern, X., 274.

."^rinv of Tennessee: IL, 168, 276;
Hi., 104, 130, 216, 252, 270,
318, 320, 322, 328, 330, 340,
344, 346, 348; IV., 273; V., 70;
VIL, 249, 256 seq., 284, 351;
VIIL, 32; IX., 244; X., 262,
264, 206, 268, 270.

Armv of Trans-Mississippi De-
p:irtment. IIL, 346; X., 274.

Army of \'icksbtirg. IL, 320.

Army of the West. X., 270.

Army of West Tennessee, II.,
14'8, 324; V., 70.
Armies of the United States: the

lo.ssesof, X., 148, 164.
Armies, United States:

Armv of t'ne Cumberland: IL,
166, 273, 274, 278, 290, 294,
295, 318, 328, 340, 342, 344,
346, 350; IIL, 104, 106, 112,
318, 320, 322, 326; IV., 254,
263; VIL, 37: medical directors
of, VIL, 316, 338; VIIL, 32;

IX. , 99: X., 170, 172 seq.
Armv of the Frontier: IL, 326;

X. ", 184.

Army of Georgia: IIL, 222, 346;
X., 162, 177, 182.

Army of the Gulf, X., 180, 236.

Army of the James: III., 14 seq..
17, 87, 181, 280, 320, 324, 346;
IV., 2.53, 329; X., 178.

.\rmy of Kansas, II., 324.

.\rmv of the Mis.-^issippi: I., 362;
IL, 144. 324: X., 174. 177.

.\rmv of the Mountain Depart-
ment, X., 184.

.\rmy of Ohio: cavalry of, I., 209,
360. 362; IL, 144. 326. 344,
:546; IIL, 106, 31S, .320, 326,
:i46; VIIL, 32; X., 170, 172
seq., 174.

.Army of tJie Potomac: I., 34
.<!<■/}.; types of men of. before
Chancellorsville, Va.,I., 68, 59,
63 seq., 159, 284, 298, 326,
339, :!32, 33S, 360, 366; II.,
20, 24. 40, 46, 56, 80, 82,
104, 106, 107, 114, 124, 232,
23,s, 210, 270, 296, 322, 324,
334, 342, 344, 346; IIL, 14, 17,
21 29, 34 . 72, 82. 104. 1.53,
l.SO. 207, 280. 302, 31S, 321),
322, 324, 330, 340, 344. 346;
IV., 4, 31 seq., 39 seq.. 45. 50
."eq., 97, 99, 101, lis, 120, 122,
126; cavalry corps, IV., 137,

[2d Ed.

[324]

ARMY OI-' THE POTOMAC

INDEX

BATTERY McALOON

Army (if thi- I'otcimuc, II. t
ContiiLunl.
ISit 195, 20.i, 220,

22:5, 224, 233, 240, 242,
243, 25,S, 2().'), 20!) scfy., 324,
332 .sri;. ; V., 22 sci/., 2(i «'■'/.;
;irtilliTV of 1S()4, V., .">(), 04.
22S. 2r)(); VII., S7, 2Ui, 210,
233, 2711; .■uiiliuhuii'c corps of,
VII., 2!»7 s,q.. 3()(i; supplies for,

VII. , 307 sv,,.; VIII., 10, 22
,v<vj.; supplies of. VIII., 30;
post olli.v ..f. VIII., .-W, 40;
traiisportatioti hy water. VIII.,
50. ."lO; ."^ixth \'erinoiil witli,

VIII. , 05: New York Seventy-
first Infant rv with. VIIl., ti'.',
.SO, !I2; eooks witli. VIIL, iW);
(■oinnnss,-ir\- liea(l<|U.-uli-rs iit,

VIII., IVt, 202; s Its and

Kuiiles ot. VIII., -^iS, 271 SM,..
281, 310. 3.-|3 .V,,,,, .{1.1; IX.,
01-03. 00, 7N. 133, 114, 1.S5,
351; X., KiO. lOS.

Army of the Shenandoah: III.,

l.s' «(■(/.. 1.50, 107; IV., 250;

Sixth \'<>rmont witli, VIIL, 05;

X., 177, 1.S4.
Army of the Southwest. X., I7(i.
Army of tlie Teiuio^ee; II., 1 It.

292, 340; III., inf.. 131.

222, 31S. 322. 320, 342, 345;

VIL, 3111; X., ICS.
Army of Virginia: IL, 18, 20, 40,

320. 322; IV., 324; V., 32 seq.;

VIIL, 2(11; X., 174.
Army of \V<>st 4'ennes3ee: II., 148.
Army of Western Tennessee, I.,

360.

Army of West Virginia: III., 152,
322. 32 1, 320. 32S; X., 177, 178.

Arniic'S. Vet, Tan, VIIL, 221.

Armistead, I... X., 151.

Arnii<tead. L. A., brigade. I., 306;
IL, 201. 202, 2eS, 324.

Armories, Federal, V., 120.

Armorv of Louisiana militia com-
pany, VIIL. 143.

Armorv Si|uare Hospital: Wash-
ington, D. C. VIL, 291, 293.

Arms, variety of. VIIL, 82,

Arinb and ;unnumition. American
sui>eriorit.\' of, V., 142.

Arms and equipment of Southern
army, VIIL, 128, 130, 140.

"Arms blanche" Isahcr). or the
rifle, a di hateil i|uestiim in cav-
alry eciuipment. IX., is. 19.

Armstead, Western photographer,
rv., 145.

Armstead, G., IL, 151.

Armstrong, F. C, IL, 322, 324, 348;
X. 259.

Armstrong, R. F., VI., 301.

Armstrong Run, Va., bridge acro.ss.
L,121.

Army balloons, VIIL, 309 seq.
" Ariny Bread," VIIL, 39.
Armv Corps. See Corps.
Army, East and West. VIIL, 104.
Army: photographv, outfit and
working of, I., 33, 35. 37, .39;
Medical Museum, Washinfiton,
I D. C, VIL, 223, 348; medical otii-

■ cers, multiplicity of the duties of,
VIL, 216; surgeon, VIL, 218-23(;;
importance of efforts of. in war,
VIL, 218; instruments furnished
by government to, VIL, 232. 230;
niail wagon. VIIL, 35; with hos-
pital transports. VIIL, 43.

Army Tug 4, U. S. S., VL, 2(il.
Armi/ Tug 5, U. S. .S., VL, 261.
Arn(;id, L. C. X., 219.
l Arnold.Mavor of Savannah. III., 237.
Arnold. R,.IV.,.59; v., 20s«y. ; X., 305.
Arnold. S,. VIL, 2(15.
.4r,««W,-, V. S. S,, I., 304; VL, 314.
Arrowsmith. C, IL, IIS; IX., (33.
Arsenals: ConfediMale. tttilized b.v
Federal authorities. V., 150, 156.
Arsen.als: United States, V., 126,

■ 129, 144; capacity of, V., 146.
■Artliur, C. A., V., 97.

Arthurs Swamp, Va., IIL, 332.

.Xrticleg of .Surrender, I., 81.

Artillery ammunition, V., 170.

Artillerv cais.sons, V., 146.

Artillery, chief of. V., 22, seq.

Artillery, Confederate States: young

artillerists of the Confederacv,
1S63. I., 107; reserve. IL, .324,
32.S; v., 06, seq.; comijosition of,
v., 56-60: transportation of,V., 02;
criticism of, V., 66; reserve, V., 06;

reorKanization of, V., OS seq,; in
Bragg's armv, V., 70; popuhirity
of, in the South, VIIL, 127, 150;
ill Department of North Caro-
lina, v., 70.

Artillery, rnitcd States: IL, 17;
v., 13, 18, seq.; guns in position,
v., 13, 24, seq.; orgaiiiztition of,
v., 22, seq.; tit Cedar Mountain,
v., 34, seq. ; heavy guns.V., 35, 52,
140; ;it Second Nlanassas, \ a.. V.,
30; at Shiloh, Teiin.. V., 44; at
Petersburg. \'a.. V., 46, 54; British
criticism. V., 54; LSIicrmairn
niari h. v., 5(1; at I'ort I'ulasUi,
(la,, v., 147; I'lr^t Wisi'onsin,
VIIL, 248; l ust ( Huo, VIIL, 249.

Asboth. A, S., I., 3.-VS.

Asb.Mh. A.. X., 217.

,\slil)i..c.k. l.ieui.. attempt to burn
Xe« \ ..rk Cu\. VIIL, 3(12.

AshliN. ■[•.: I., :i52; IV., 70. 77, 98,
1(J2. 1(11. 1(10, lOs, 170, 172,
174, 177, sn/.; X., 149.

"Ashbv." .]. li. Tli.inipson, IX., S4.

Ashbv's Gap. \'a.. IIL, 320.

Ashhurst. surgeon, VIL, 226.

Ashland. Va,, IIL. .S2, 320, 322.

Aslile\ Sfilion, Ark., IIL, 330.

.\~pe, i,, |.,^M-s at, X., 140.

.\^sisi,int (,inarterma9ter's office,
VIIL, 38.

Assistant surgeons: in the Union
Armv who became famous in
after life. VIL, 223.

Astor House. New York. X., 15.

Atchafalava River, I.a,, VL, 320.

Athens, Ala., IIL, 332.

Athens, Mo., I., 3.50.

Atkins. T.. V., 29.

Atlanta. Ga.: I., 33; Peach Tree
Street in, I., 5«, .57, 94. 128. 129,
13(i; IL, 313. 314; IIL, 11. 16, .32,
99-135; trenclies before, IIL, 99;
Potter House, ruins vf. IIL, 127;
pickets before. IIL, 129; Union
and Confeth^ate losses, IIL, 134;
Fort D, IIL, 136; Fort No. 7,
IIL, 136; train of refugees ready
to leave, IIL, 212; railroad de-
pot, IIL, 213; ruins of railroad
depot at, IIL, 214; ruins of
bank at, IIL, 215; Union en-
gineers, orders to destroy pub-
lic buildings and public property
only, at, IIL, 215; ruins of,
III'., 221; Ezra Church, IIL, 328,
33), 345,347; IV., 241; V., 50,
166; arsenal at, V., 170; Fort
No. 9, v., 173; Clievaux de Frise
at, v., 197; picket fences to .stop
Sherman's attack, V., 199; Sher-
man's defenses before. V., 201,
210, 302; forts at, VIIL, 25;
campaign Federal food suppK',
VIIL, 52; march to. VIIL, 207,
210 -leq.; I'liion pickets before,
VIIL, 215; making preparations
for tlie march, VIIL, 217; %vagon
trains leaving, VIII., 217; sol-
di.'rs resting at, VIIL, 219, 240,
252.259.340, 306; liomb-proofs at,
VIIL, 253; IX., 166; destruction
of industries in, IX., 323; march
from. IX., 109. 171; c-ipture of,

IX. , 170; ruins in, IX., 323; X., 92.
.Atlanta campaign, IIL, 99, 104, 217;

X. , 90.

Allanla, C. S. S. IL. 336; VL, 75,
171, 272, 318; officers of, VIL,
123, 139.

Atlanta, U. S. S., VL, .38.

Atlanta Constilidiun, IX., 31. 36, .304,
332.

Atlanta and West Point R. R., IIL,
330.

Atlantic and Western Railroad,
IL, 274.

Atlantir Moidhhi. IX, 23, 33.

Atlee, Va., IIL, s2.

Atzerodt, Ga.. VIL, 205.

Auburn, Ga., IIL, 320.

Auburn, Va. : Castle Murry at, IV.,
92,243; band beforeheadquarters,
VIIL,. 235; Pleas.mton's head-
quarters. VIIL, 235.

Augur. C. C. IL, 320; III., 146;
X. 193* 230

Augusta. Ga.: V., 150, 156, 162, 164,
100; pon der mills and arsenal, at
v., 170; Confederate powder
works a(. v., 1S3; ordnance
works at. statistics of outijut,
v., 189, 302; VIIL, 70, 133;
Clinch Rifles at, VIIL, 139.

Augusta, Ark., II., 3.50.

Augusta. V. S. S., IL, 3.30; VL, 314.

Ausliiity. W. .1.. I., 341.

Austerlitz, losses at, X., 140.

Austin, lO. F., X., 2.

Austin, pilot, VIL, 139.

Austin, Ark.. IL, 342.

"Autocrat of the Hrcakfa.st T:ible,"

O. W. Ilolnavs. IX., 33.
Avary. M. I... Kecollections of .\.

II. Stephens, VL, 2S.
".\venj,'ers." VIIL, 91.
Avercll, W. D.. cavalrv, IIL, .324.

320, 332.

Averell. W.W.. I., .34 1 ; with stall, I.,
3.39; IIL, 1 IS. l.-|(l; IV., 23:-,. 211,

Averell's raid in Western \'irgini i.
II., 342, in Southwestern Virginia,
IL, 34X.

Averv House, I., 32, 34.

Averysboro, N C. IIL, 248, 344.

Ayres, R. B., X., 221.

B

Babcock, J. C, VIIL, 4, 263. 265.
Babcock, O. E., I., 81; V., 187; IX.,
113.

Babin, ()., VIIL, 169.
Bache, A. D., VL, 100, 115; VIL,
330.

Bache, G. D., VL, 149.
Bache, G. M., VL, 221.
Bachelor Creek, N. C.. IL, 348.
Bachman, W. K., I., 103; IV., 232,
234.

Bachman, W. K. Mrs., L, 14.

Back River. \"a.. VL, 308.

Bacon, C, VIL, 22(3.

Bacon, G.. VL, 57.

Bacon Creek, Kv., IL, 32S; IV.,
148, 1,50.

Badeau, A.. IX., 113, 119; X., 49.

Bagby, A. P., X., 313.

Bahama. C. S. S.. VL, 301.

Bahia, Brazil. Bav of .S,ui Salva-
dor, VL, 322.

Bailey, T.. I., 295.

Bailev, J., I., 74. 70. 77; wonderful
dam built by, I., 78, 79; VL,
227, 230. 231. 234.

Bailev, J. E., VIIL, 289.

Bailev, T., L, 227, 232; VL, 51, 12(1.
19(5, 198.

Bainbruige, XT. S. S., VL, 320.

Baird, A., IL, 306; IX., 11.5.

Baker, E. D., I., 354; VIIL, 103.

Baker, L. C, IV., 200, 202, 329;
VIIL, 2S0, 282.

Baker, L. S.. X., 381.

Baker's Creek. Miss., I., 191.

Balaklava, Crimea, Russia, IL, .SI.

Baldwin, B. G., V., 170.

Baldwin, W. E., X., 375.

"Baldv," horse of Gen'l Meade,
IV., 395, 312.

Ballantvne, W., VIL, 17.

Balloon "Rryan." VIIL, .371.

Balloon "Consiitutii.n." Fair Oaks,
Va., VIIL, 375; 3S0.

Balloon "Intrepid." Fair Oaks,
Va., VIIL, 375, Z-^ seq.. 379.

Balloon "Washington," Mechanics-
ville, Va., VIIL, 37S.

Balloon Camp, Gaines Hill, Va.,
VIIL, 373.

Balloons, Armv: VIIL, 369, 371,
37.3, .375, 377, ,381.

Ball's BlufT. Va.: L, .3.52; V., 132;
VIL, l(i2. 163;VIIL, 102, 104. 340.

Ball's Cross Roads, Va., I., 350.

Bnltir. U. S. S.. VL, 93.

Baltimore, Md.: Ma,ss. Sixth Inf, at-
tacked In. I., 66; IL, 61; VL,
158; riots. VIL, 198; spies escape
f rom, VIII., 26 ; newspapers, VIIL,
.33; mob fights Sixth Mass. Inf.,
VIIL, 63: secession emblems
openl.v worn on street, VIIL, 70;
Sixth Mass. Inf. battling through
streets of. VIIL, 72. 282, 2SS.

Ballimnre. U. S. S., VL, 135. 30S.

Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, V., 94.

Baltimore Turnpike, Md., V., 94.

Bancroft. G,. VL, 41, 67.

Bands: VIIL, 92; in Confederate
armv. VIIL, 109, 122; of First
Indiana Heavy art., VIIL, 197,
2.33, 235; Csee also "Music."
"Drummer bovs." "Buglers.")

Bangor. Me.. VIL, 194.

Hangs. C. H.. VIIL, 263..

Hankhead, .1. P.. VL, 316.

Ranks, N. P.: I., 74, 121. 302, 303,
304, 306, 307, 310, 364, 365; IL,

14, 20, 22, 26, 28, .32, 208, 213,

216, 224, 226, 320, 332, 340, 3.52;

IIL, 2.5, 32; IV., 102, 135, 200;

v., 20, mi.. 22S: VL, 227, 229,

2.34; VIL, 215; VIIL, 128; IX., 87;

X., 177, IMI
Hanks s I .,nl, \ a., IL, 128.
BaniMin. I).. VIL, 318.
Ba|i(isi Church, Alexandria, Va.,

VIL, •^34.
Barbee's Cro.ss litiads, Va., IL, 326.
Barber's I'lac ■, I 'l-i,, IL, .3.5(1.
Barbour sand l>aiieiies, Pensacoia,

Fla,. VIIL, 121.
H,iib-,ii(sville. Kv,. I., 352.
HardslovMi. Kv.. IV., 1.50, 152.
Bark.silale. W., X., Ul.
Barker, A. S.. II. , 1()7.
Barlow, I''. ('.: IL, 72, 237; III.,

87. 201; X., 192.
Bat low. ,1, W,. I., 287.
Barnard, G. M.. government pho-
tographer. I., 33, 4j.
Barnard. .1. G,: III., 157; V., 100,

195, 230, 231; VL, KKl, II5;X.,49.
Barnes,.!.: L, 10. 220; IL, 7, 10,

234,2.55, 324; IIL, 12, 3,50; VL,

236; VIL, 63.
Barnes, .1. K., VIL, .52, 77, 149,

224, 348.
Barnes, J. S., VL, 127.
Barnett, Mr., X., 19.
Barnett's Ford. \'a.. IIL, 30.
Barney, J. N., VL, 102.
Barns. ,1., IV., 329.
Barnuin. H. A., X., 321.
Bnriin lie Kalb. U.S.S. (formerlvthe

HI. Louis), I., 187, 233; VI.,"31S;
IX., 371.

Barrancas Fort, Fla, I'sec also Fort

Barrancas), L, 4, S;i.
Barren Fork, Ind, Ter., II., 348.
Barrett, F. IL. IIL, .340.
Barringer, R., X., 381.
Barron, .S.. VL, 102.
Barry, J. D., X., 381.
Barry, Col. of Miss. Ninth Inf., I.,

97.

Barry, W. F., I., 117; V., 22 seq.;X.,
91.

B.art. C, VIIL, .363.

Bartholow, R., VIL, 220.

Bartlett, .f. J.. X., 331.

Bartlett. W. F.. X., 213.

Hartlett's Mills. \'a.. IL, 34(>.

Barton, Clara. VIL, 3.39.

Barton, R., VIIL, 120.

Barton, S. M.. X., 319.

Barton% F. S.. X., 147.

"B.astion Fort." IL, 21.5.

Bnl, U S. S.. IIL, 1,S3; VL, 124.

Bate. W. B.. IL, .308; IIL, 340;
VIL, 264, 2(i0; X., 127.

Bates. D., headquarters. Brandy
Station, Va , VIL, 309.

Bates, D. H., VIIL, 109, 342, 346,
seq.. 361.

Bites. E,. X., 13.

I'.alli, Va,, I., 3.-.0,

"HathuiL' in stream," VIIL, 209.

Baton Roufc, | I., 25, 31. 12,
44, 93, ls:i, •;:!:{, 3(57 ; IL,

9. 139, 133, 13.5, 136, 180,

190. 19S, 20.S. 210. 2.50. 32(1, 332;
Federal camps at, IL, 1.32; IV.,
117, 130, 132. 1.33. 135, 179; V.,
1.50, lOO; VL, 202, 204, 220, 310;
VIL, 117: Ferleral wounded at,
VIL, 263: VIIL, 47, 70: Wiscon-
sin I'lrst [.it'l.t An,, VIIL, 24S;
ruins in. VIIL, 2fl7: Indiana
First lI,:,- \ \rt,. VIIL, 299;

Arsenal • nnl- ;it, 299: camp

in f'-ont Ml M. I hnrlist. Church.
VIIL, 3.'M ; < .iii|i ni- ir penitenti-
arv, 301; ar-.-nal, IX., 246 f«Z-;
barracks. IX., 285.

Batteries: Confederate distribu-
tion— 1802; v., 64 seq.

Batteries, U. S., number of, V., 26
.seg.

Battery Bee. S. C. IL, .332.
Battery Brooke, Va., IIL, 96; V.,
315.

Battery Brown. S. C. : V., 110; on
2d p indl "1 ai'.'iinst Battery Wag-
ner, S f,, v., 113.

Battery Buchanan, VL, 250.

Batterv Chatfield, S. C, V., 110,
117.

Batterv D.iiitzler, \'a.: I., 119: IIL,
93, 97; v., 243: VL, 131. 145. 31.5.
Battery Gieu'ir. ^, C, IX., 51.
Batterv Havs, S. C. V., 112,
Battery McAloon, Tcnn,, IL, 395.

[2d Ed.]

BATTERY MAGRUDER

INDEX

BOWIE

Battery Magruder, York town, Va.,
v., 179.

Battery Meade, S. C, Parrott's

guns in, V., 115.
Battery Number ,1, Yorktown, \'a.,

Viri., 317.
Battery Number 4, Va., I., 35?.
Battery Powell, Corinth, Miss., II.,

I. M.

Batterv Reno, S. C, V., 113.
Battery ReyMold.s, .S. C, V.,110, 1 l.l.
Batterv Hobinett, Corinth, Mi.-'s.,

II. , 140, 145, 1.53.

Battery Rodgers, Va., V., 85, 102,
181."

Battery Rosecrans, S. C: V., 110,

II. "); I'arrott'rt guns in, V., 114.
Battery .'^enunes, Va., 10-ineh

Culumbiad, V., 133.
Battery Seyenteen, Petersburg, \'a.,

I. , 34.

BMffer\- Sherman, Miss., II., 197.
BattiTy .Stevens, S. C., V., 111.
Battery Strong, S. C., V., 111.
B.attery Wagner, S. C: V., 110,

III, "113, 11."), 117; IX., .51, 175.
Battery Williams, Corinth, Miss.,

II. , i40, 153.

Battery at ' 'aetion of rout," IX., 61.

Battine, C, qu.-ited, X., 130.

Battle, C. \., X., 3.53.

Battle Abbey, I., 15.

"Battle above the clouds," Nov.

24, 1.S63, II., 293.
Battle field: bloodiest of the war,

II., 371; after an engagement,

VIII., 170.
Battlegrounds: Field vs. Forest,

VIII., 173.
"Battle Hymn of the Republic,"

J. W. Howe, IX., 17, 20, 122,

1.54, 155, 1.56.
"Battle in the clouds," description

of, II., 302, 31)1, 305.
Battle losses, ( 'ontederate aTid

Union in the Civil War, X., 142.
Battles: of the Civil War, number

fought in the States, I., 104;

European losses in, X., 140; how

they begin, VIII., 168-172.
Bautzen, losses at, X., 140.
Baxlev, Mrs. C. V., VII., 200.
Baxter, l)e W. C., X., 135.
Baxter, II., X., 315.
Baxter, ,1. H., VII., 224.
Bavard, G. D., II., 25, 90, 328, X.,

137.

Baylor, J. R.. I., 3.50; X., 315.

Bayonet <lrill of the Fortieth Mass.
iiif , VIII., 183.

Bayne, T. L., V., 170

Bayou Cache, Ark.. I., 368.

Bayou de Glaize or Calhoun .Sta-
tion, T.a., III., 320.

Bayou de View, A rk. (see also Baj'ou
Cache, Ark.), I., 368.

Bayou Metoe, Ark., II., 342.

Bayou Techer, I,a., II., 330; VI.,
316.

Bauou City, C. S. S., II., 330; VI.,
316.

Beacon I.sland, N. C, VI., lOt, 310.
Beal, G. I.., X., 309.
Beale, R. L. T., X., .317.
Bealington, W. Va. (.■<ee als > Laurel

Hill), I., 348.
Beall, I. Y., VIII., 208.
Beall, W. N. R., II., 213; VII., 174;

X., 359.

Bealton, Va.: officers' qviarters a',
VIII., 301; military information
bureau headquarters, VIII., 364,
365.

Bean Station, Tenn., II., 348; III.,
340.

"Beanpole and cornstalk bridge,"

v., 373.
Beard's Bluff, Ala., VI., 2.33.
Beath, R. B., X., 296.
Beattv, "Tinker Dave," VIII., 375.
Beatt'v, .1., X., 33.5.
Beattv. S., X., 89.
Beaulort, N. C.: VI., 182, 246;

Provost-.Marshal at, IX., 174 srq.
Beaufort, S. C: I., 35, 42; III., 244;

VI., 310; Union ho.spital at, VII.,

331.

Beaufort, C. S. S.: I., 356; VI., 146,
158, 166 spq., 168.

Beauregard, P. G. T.: I., 34, 3(>, 90,
95, 138, no s,-,j.: Ih Soiitlicrjier
of th- hour HI iMil, I., 143. 146
sei/., 148, 153, 1 5.s s,,/.. 160.
162, 195, 19.S, 211.'. 204. 206,
208, 210; quoted, I., 214, 218, 222,

236 seq., 362; II., 138, 142, 332;
III., 94, 95, 190, 192, 314, 320,
322, 324, 342; IV., 76, 209; V.,
61, 64, 116, 204, 211, 236, 243,
201, 262; VI., 124, 272; VII., 31,
241; VIII., 86, 196, 307, 288 seq.,
290, 3.52; IX., 42, 43, 49, 95, 295,
.3.52; X., 4, '341, 244.

Beauregard Fort, S. C. (see also
Fort Beauregard, S.C. ) ,I.,354, 357.

Beaver, .1. A., X.,. 391.

Beaver Cn-.-k, Mi>., II., ,326.

Beaver Creek, Md., IV., 88.

Beaver Dam Creek, \ a., I., 324.

Beaver Dam Station. Va., III., 320.

Beck, F. C. T., VI., 11.3.

Beckwith, S. H.. VIII., 3.59 seq.

Berkwith, telegraph operator, VIII.,
364.

Bee. B. K., I., 156, 157, 158; X., 100,
147.

Beech Grove, Ky. (see also Mill

Springs, Ky.), I., 356.
Beech Grove, Tenn., II., 340.
"Beechenbrook," M. T. Preston,

IX., 2.30.

Beecher, H. W., III., 331; IX.,
335, 338; quoted, X., 45.

Beer, W., I., 14.

Beers, E. L., IX., 143.

Beers, Mrs. E., IX., 142.

Belknap, W. W., X., 91, 135.

Bell, H. H., VI., 190, 193, 196.

Bell, T. H., X., 399.

Belle Isle, Va., IV., 122; VII., .38,
56, 61, 70, 95, 134, 162; prison,
VII., 284.

Belle Peoria, U. S. S., II., 163.

Belle Plain, Va.: III., 33; Second
N. Y. and First Mass. at, V., 53;
upper wharf, erected by engineer
corps, v., 336; Benham's Wharf at,
v., 336; Confederate prisoners at,
VII., 41, 1.54, 155; U. S. sanitary
commission supply wagons at,
VII., 337; hospital" tents at, VII.,
333.

Belle Plain Camp, Va., Confederate
prisoners at, VII., 39 seq.

Belle Plain Landmg, Va.: IV., 40
seq.. 41, 43; VIII., 47, 55; ar-
rival of wagon trains, VlII., 5.5.

Bellows, H. W., VII., 68, 73, 328,
330.

Belmont, Mo., I., 354; X., 44.
Bene<H, U. S. S.. VI., 228, 229.
Benevolent Society of Tenn., VII.,
247.

Benham, H. W., V., 236, 242, 244.
Benham's Wharf, Belle Plain, Va.,
v., 336.

Benicia, Cal., V., 144; arsenal at, V.,
1.54.

Benjamin, .T. P., V., 58; VII., 29,

36, 210; X., 13.
Benjamin, M., V., 86.
Benneau, F. W., VII., 133.
Bennett, A. G., III., 246.
Bennett, F. M., VI., 300.
Bennett, J. G., yacht of, VI., 181.
Bennett House, Durham Station,

N. C, III., 347.
Bennett's Mills, Mo., I., 3.50.
Benning. H. L., X., 137.
Benning's Bridge, Md., V., 96.
Benson, B., VII., 79, 151; escape of,

from Elniira prison, VII., 147

seq.: X., 2.
Benson, H., I., 387.
Benton, S., X., 155.
Benton, W. P., X., 303.
Bentau, V. S. S., I., 331, 222, 362;

366; VI., 150, 214, 220, 222, 316.
Bentonville, ArU., I., 3.58.
Bentonville, N. C, III., 344.
Berdan, H., X., 333.
Berlin, Md.: pontoon bridge at, II.,

56; view of Potomac from, II.,

366; bridge at, IV., 77 seq.
Bermuda Hundred, Va.: I., 49, 119;

III. , 84, 94, 95, 188, 190, 320,
322, 3.30, 338; V., 243, 315; VI.,
130, 315; "Crow's Nest" signal
tower at, VIII., 331; iiegrr) team-
sters at, IX., 181.

Berry, H. G., IX., .59, 79; X., 131.
Berryville, Va., III., 330; IV., 194.
Berryville Pike, Va., III., 328.
Bertenatti, M., Italian Minister,

VI., 35.
Bertholet. surgeon, VII., 318.
Berwick Bay, La., VI., 318.
Beihi-1 CInireli, Va., III., 67.
Betliesda Church, Va., III., 80, 84;

IV. , 310, ill.

Beverly, W. Va., III., 342.
BeverlV Ford, Va.: II., 330; IV., 32,

84, "112, 224, 226.
Beverly House, Va., III., 59; IV.,

307.

Beville, .1. B., VII., 133.

Bevil's Bridge, Va., V., 264, 266.

Bibb, .1. B., IX., 291.

Biekford, W. R., L, 19.

Bidwell, D. D., III., 338; X., 139.

Big Barren River: Buell's troopa

crossing, I., 'ill.
Big Bavou, Fla., I., 91.
Big Beaver Creek, Mo., II., 326.
Big Bethel, Va., I., 262, 348; VIII.,

104.

Big Black River, Miss., II., 189,

191, 220, 3.34, 340.
Big Creek Gap, Tenn., I., 3.58.
Big Hill, Madison Co., Ky., II.,

322.

Big River Bridge, Mo., I., 3.52.
Big Sandy River, Ky., I., 180.
Big Shanty, Ga., IV., 206.
Big Tvbee Island, Ga., I., 361;
VI., "236.

Bigelow, J., II., 106, 250; VI., 25,
391.

Bigelow, .1., Jr., II., 121.

"Biglow Papers," J. R. Lowell, IX.,
23, 256.

Biles, E. R., Vin., 319.

Billings, J. S., VII., 33.3.

Billups, J., VII., 133.

"Billv," horse of G. H. Thom.as,
IV.", 314.

Biloxi, Miss., VI., 312.

Bird's Point, -Mo. (see also Charles-
ton, Mo.), I., 177, 350.

Birdsong Ferry, Miss., II., 340.

Birge, H. W., X., 197.

Birnev, D. B.: II., 51, 337; III.,
76, 90, 208, 321; X., 187, 212, 290.

Birnev, W., X., 319.

Bisland, La., II., 332.

"Bivouac in McClellan's Army,"

IX. , 135.

"Bivouac on a Mountainside,"
Walt Whitman, IX., 132.

Bixlev, G. II , II., 193.

Black, ,1., VII., 135.

Black, ,1. C, X., 301, 296.

Black, W. : youngest soldier wound-
ed. IX., 67.

Black, Judge, VIII., 294.

"Black Burns," horse of G. B. Mc-
Clellan, IV., 3')4.

Black Hawk War of 1832, VII.,
347; IX., 93.

"Black Hor.se Cavalry," IV., 30,
83.

Blackburn's Ford, Va.: I., 151,
1.53, 163 , 285, 348; Feder.al en-
campment .at, II., 31, 324.

Bhirl.-hnul.. r. S. S., VL, 37, 147,
3'i5, 322.

Blackie, G. S., VII., 242.

Blackmar, A. E.. IX., .343.

Blackmar, W. W., X., 296.

Blackville. S. C, IIL, 342.

Blai-kwntcr, .\lo. (.see also Milford,
Mo , anil Shawnee Mound, Mo.),
L, 3.54.

Blackwater River, Va., VI., 316.
Blackwood, G.. VIII., 115.
Blackwood, Dr., VII., 316.
Blnrl.-imairs Mnqazine, I., 90.
Blac.iu- Bev, X., 4.
Blair, C. W., III., 117.
Blair, F. P., Jr. : I., .3.53 seq. ; II., 185;
IIL, ll.S, 1.32, 345; VIII., 103;

X. , 224.
Blair, J., L, 14.
Blair, M., X., 13.

Blaii's Landing, La., II., 352.

Blair's Plantation. La.. VI., 320.

Blaine, J. G., IX., 292.

Blake, G. A. H.. IV., 47.

Blake, H. C, VI., 316.

Blake's Mill, Ga., IV., .332.

Blakely guns, V., 56, 120.

Blanchard, A. G., X., 371.

Bledsoe's batterv, Ceinfederate, I.,
350, 352, 356, 3.58.

Blemiel, Father, VII., 272.

Blenheim, losses at, X., 140.

Blenker, L., I., 162, .309; V., 292.

Blennerhasset Islanil, ().. II., 340.

Block houses: on Nashville &
Chattanooga li. R.. IV., 149; gar-
risoiir-tl against Wheeler's cav-
alry, IV., 1.51.

Blockade: I., 89; th.' r,-irl\- inade-
<iuacy of, VI., It: < onlcdi-rate
hope of raising, VL, 15; begin-

ning at Pensaeola, VI., 19; steam
vessels available for, VI., 22;
effectiveness of, in 1861-2, VI., 26;
foreign vessels, VI., 33; final com-
pleteness of. VI., 34; completed
by fall of Fort Fisher, VI., 39;
value of vessels captured or de-
stroyed by, VI., 40; viewed from
dramatic standpoint, VI., 40; first
Confederate vessel to run, VI.,
75; in the Potomac, VI., 92, 101;
strengthened by capture of Fort
Royal, VI., 104, 1 10 seg.; squadron
commanders of, VI., 120, 135, 136,
137, 186, 195, 260; Confederate
attempts to rai.se, VI., 272, 273;

VIII. , 54; responsible for Confed-
eracy's failure, VIII., 136; run-
ning. IX., 25, 49.

Blockade runners: I., 89; swiftness
of, VI., 21 seq.\ effort of, to reach
Wilmington, N.C., VI., .39: profits
of, VI., 106. 107, payof officers and
crew on, VI., 107; commanded by
Confederate naval officers, VI.,
108; first effective step against.
VI., 115; number of capturerl,
VL, 122; of Charleston, S. C, VI. ,
238; channel marks of, VI., 355;
chases of, VL, 294; last of the,
VL, 291.

"Bloodiest day of the Civil War,"

II. , 63.

" Bloody Angle." Spotsvlvani:i.
Va.: II., 347, 260; Federal vic-
tory at. May 12, 1804, III., 57;
Confederate entrenchments near.

III. , 57, 62, 66, 68; V., 27.
"Bloody Lane," Antietam, Md.,

II., 69, 72.
Bloomerv Gap., Va., I., 3.56.
BloomSeld. Va., II.„ 326.
Blounts Farm, Ala.. II., 332.
Blountsville. Ala., VII., 145.
Blountsville, Tenn., II., 344.
Blue adopted by the Federals, VIII.,

95.

"Blue and the Gray," F. M. Finch,

IX. , 138, 273.

"Blue Coats are over the Border,"

A. E. Blackmar, IX., 343.
Blue Mills, Mo., L, 3.50, 3.52.
Blue Ridge, Va., IL, 42.
Blue Ridge Mountains, Va., IL,

26, 57, 106.
Blue Springs, Tenn., II., 344.
Blum, R. A., VIIL, 167.
Blunt, J. G., IIL, 338; X., 175, 1S4.
Bo.ag. T. G.. VII., 4.
Bobot, A., VIL, 1.39.
Bodiso. M., Sec. Russian Legation,

VI., 35.
Boers, I., .84.
Boggs, C. S., VL, 198.
Boggs. W. R., X., 365.
Bohlen, H., IL, 322; X., 135.
Bol.and, M.aj., C. S. A., VIL, 133.
Bolivar, Tenn., IL, 148, 322.
Bolivar, Va., IIL, 326.
Bolivar Heights, \'a., I., 352; IL,

60, 325.
Bolton, Miss., II., 340.
Bolton depot. Miss., IL, 340.
Bomb-proofs; entrenchments. VIII.,

353; near Atlanta, Ga., VIIL,

353; before Petersburg, Va.,

VIIL, 353.
Bond, F. S., X., 19.
Bonham, M. L., X., 383.
Bonita. ship. VI. , 122.
Booker. T., IV., 166.
Booneville, Mo., I., 352, 3.53.
Booneville, Miss., I., 364. 367, 368.
Boonsboro, Ark., IL, 326.
Boonsboro, Md,, I., 53; II., 340;

IV. , 88.

Booth, J. W.: VIL, 303, 207; flight,
capture and death of, VIL, 205;
VIIL, 26, 363, 366; IX„ 128, 338.

Borodino, los.=es at, X., 140.

Boston, R., IV., 86, 88.

Boston Moimtains. .Ark., II., 326.

Bottom's Bridge, Va.: L, 286, 294;
IV., 126.

Botts, J. M.: opposition of, to se-
cession, VIL, 195; man.sion of,
in Culpeper Co., \'a., VIL, 195;
and his family. VIL. 197.

Bounty-jumping, VIIL, 280, 282.

Bowditch, H. I., VIL, 226.

Bowen, J. S.: L, 360; IL, 214; 334,
X 379.

Bowers, f. S.: IIL, 81; VIIL, .359;

X. 49.

Bowie, G. W., X., 195.

[3d Ed 1

[326]

BOWLING GREEN

INDEX

CAMPS

HowliiiK filccii. K.v.,I., lS2,19r),LMl.
"Hri\cs for till' Molilicrs," in \X('i.>,

VII. , -.m.

licixcs icailv for tho boys at tlii'

front, Vli.,
"Bov generals," VIII., l!t:t.
"Bov musirian.s," VIII., IS!), 11)2,

337.

"Bov soldier." Confedernte, VIII.,

Bovd, Belie, VIII., 2S!I, 391.
Bovd, D. F., I., 105.

Boydton, Va.. III., MM.

Boyle, ,)., II., .■i2(i.

Bovle, J. T., X., -m.

Boynton. II. Van iN., X.,

Boys: alreadv vc-ter:ins, VIII., 179;
who made i:.>,„l sul.li.-rs, VIII.,
189; of llie War Davs, VIII., I!lll;
in the Federal anm . VIII., Hill-
Hid, 2;!2.

B.)zant, ,1., VII., 135.

liraekett, O. A.: I., I t: III., l.")0.

Hraddocl., K., IX., 22S.

Ilni.lfonl. r. S. S., VI., S2.

Hradlev, Xmr, VII., 2.S7.

Hradlev, I.. P.: III., ;itll; X., 135.

Brady,' A. G., VII., «:$.

Bradv, M.B.: with (ii'n'l Riirn.side
in the field. I., 31, 2.5, 211. 27 .vn(.,
31, M, :).">, .'W n,g.. 39, 4l),s-i(/.,
42, 44. 4S, .->(l. .")2. (il), 04. 70;
II., 1.51; at Culi>'s Hill, Cetty.-;-
burc. I'a., II., 357; i)liotn(;raph,
v., 1!*.'); rartoon of, l>\' Tlunnas
N.ast, VIII., 3; tinder fire in the
works before PetersbtirK, Va.,

VIII. , 15, 16, 17; outfit, VIII.,
25, 31; IX., 121, 123.

Brady-Gardner, collection, I., 14;

Civil War negatives, I., IS.
Brady photograph.^ and their hi.s-

torv, I., 52.
Brady's road outfit, VIII., 27.
Brady's "What Is It" wagon, I.,

39, 4G.

Bradv. T. J.. III., 170, 176, 177, 17.S.
Brasg, B.: I., 97. 132, 178. 194, 190.
200, 201. 204. 208. 211. 300;

II. , 04. 14(1, 162, 100. 174. 178,
270, 272, 3H1, 290. 291. lils, 324,
326, 33(1, 3.i.s 34(1, 342, .i f 1. 34(1;

III. , 24, 30. 10:1,22."., 344; IV., 144,
147, 1;)3, 1.5.5, 156, 1,5.S, 100, 175;
v., 57, 70, 206, 292; VI., 30;;

VII. , 114; VIII., 18, 157, 196,
200, 238, 290, 292, 32,5, :i62; IX.,
99, 101; X., 100. 343, 262.

Brace, F. S., X., 309.

Bragg, C. S. S. (see also Genernl
Braqij. C. S. S.), I., 237, 246.

Brainard, C, VII., 17.

Bramhall, W. M., I., 270.

Branch, L. O., II., 321.

Branch. L O. E., X., 149.

Brandon, W. I.., X., 377.

Brandv Station, Va.: I., 47; II.,
3.'J6. 342; III., 39; deserted head-
quarters at. III., 35; cavalry
quartermaster's office at, IV.,
51; Pa. Eighteenth Cav. at, IV.,
64; Federal supply wagons near,

IV. , 101, 106, 145. 197, 224, 220,
228, 23S. 239. 332; field hospital
at, VII., 267; ambulances at Cap-
tain Bates's headquarters, VII.,
309; U. S. sanitar\' commission
quarters at, VII., 3.35; VIII.,
39, 50. 124; headquarti-rs of G.
H. Sharpe. VIII., 379; camp of
the Penna. One Hundred and
Fourteenth Inf.. XIII., 334; tel-
egraphers and phot igraphers.

VIII. , 347, 3.53; IX., 351.
Branman. J. M.: II., 282; VI., 310;

X., 187, 210.
Brant Hous", Va.. Michler cot-

t.age at. V., 349.
Brantlv. W. F.. X., 375.
Brjishear City. La.: II., 336; VI.,

320.

Bratton. J.. X., 385.

"Brave Boys .\re Thev," H. C.
Work, IX., 344.

Brazilian Government, VI., 294.

Brazilian warship, VI., 33.

Bread weighing, VIII., 49.

Breastworks: function of, V., 210.

Breckinridge. .1. C.: I., 132, 190,
200. 208, 235, 300. .367: II., 132.
170. 172, 17S. 194. 210, 270, 282,
306, 320; III., 84, 140, 289, 320,
322, 320. 332, 338. .340. ,342; IV.,
144; v., 46; VI., 226; VIII., 297;
X., 351, 270.

Hreen, li. H.. X., 2.

Brecsc., H. K., VI., 357.

Brent. .1. 1... X., 4.

J^rentwood, Tenn., II., 3.32,

Brevar.1, T. W., X., 361.

Brice's Cross roads, Guntown,
Miss., III., 324.

Brickell, W., New Orleans, La.,
VII., 240.

Bridgeford, D. B., X., 103.

Bridgeport, .\la.: I., 302; II.,
177. 369, 272, 274, 375, 290, 29(1.
IV., 1(12; l.rid.'c at. V., 395.

Brid;;i'puil, Mi^s., II., 191.

Bridgep.irt, 'fciin., VI., 233.

Bridiii's: arri>ss Armstrong Run,
\'a., I., 131; building and repair-
ing b>- the const rui'tion corps an
important clement in warfare,

II. , 104, 105; trestle, four-tier,
ciimpleted in lx(i:i. II., 817;
' 'i)ridge building while >* )U wai' ."
v., 381; pontoon acr oss Jamei
River. Va.. V., 236.

Brigham. J. A., VIL, 207.

Hrinh r, V. S. S.. I., 3.56.

Brislo,. caniiiaign. IV., 92, 96, 100,

Bristo,. .Station, \'a : II., 41. 344.
3t5: III., .i(»; r.iilrcjail (lcstro\.-d
at l>v .lac'l.sun. IV., !)3; railroad
de>tn>\e,l :it. IV., 99, iOII; tr.iins
destruvc-d at, v., 3,S3; VIII., 3.5(1.

Britannia, C. S. .S., VI., 123

Britannia, U, ,S. .'8., III., 312.

British troops aiul the Boers, I.,
84.

Britton's Lane. Tenn.. II., 322.
Broad Run. Va.. IV., 9(1.
Broadwav l.aiulim;, \'a.: III., 94;

v., 1.39: onlnarice .it, V., 143;

pontoon briilfte a(. V., 339.
Broadv. O. A.. III., 201.
Brock Road. Va., III., 40, 53, .54.
Brogden, H. H., VII., 20.
Bromley. E., I., 14.
Brook Run, Va.. V., 320.
Brook turnpike. Va.. V., 320.
Brooke. .J. .M.: VI., 82, 137, 140.

144. 154, 155.
Brooke, J. R., X., .303.
Brooke, W P., VI., 31)1.
"Brooke rifle," V., 1.57.
Brookhaven. .Miss., IV., 131.
Brnol.ii/n. 1'. S. ,S, : I., 33?, 231;

III. , 342; VI., 19. 24, 4S, 111,
110. 19(1, 191, 198, 244, 247, 2.52.
308; IX., 107.

' 'Brooklvn Phalanx " (sec also N. Y.

Sixtv-seventh Inf.). VIII., 82.
Brooks. P.. IX., 301.
Brooks, T. B., V., 114.
Brooks. W. R., IV., 274.
Brooks, W. T. H., X., 187, 212.
Bross. ,1, A.. III., 202.
"Brother .lonatlian's Lament for

Sister Caroline," O. W. Holmes,

IX., 33, 40, 44.
Broun, L., V., 166, 170.
Broun, T. L., IV., 298.
Brown. E. B.: II., 330; X., 317.
Brown, G. W., VL, 223.
Brown. I. N.: IL, 196, 342; VL,

224.

Brown, .1.: II., 60. 231. 241, 242,
323; v., 58; at Harocr's Fcrrv.
Md.. VIIL, 111. 138; X., ,58.

Brown, .1. C: II., 2S.S, 320; III.,
.340; X., 395.

Brown, .T. T., IL, 340.

Brown, R., VL, 113.

Brown, R. B., X., 296.

Brown, S. B.. III., 344.

Brown, W. M.. X., 263.

Brown, U. S. S., VL, 328.

"Brown Roan," horse of Gen'l Lee.

IV. , 300.

Browne. E. H., VIL, 133.
Browne. .1. C. L, 14.
Browne. J. H.. VIL, 8S. 138. 140.
Brownell, Katev ("Kadv"). IX.,

08. 09. 71.
Brownes Cross Roads, Ga., III.,

338.

Brown's cavalry. Confederate, I.,
350.

Brown's Ferry, Tenn.. IL, 292. 298,
.300.

Brown's Gap.. Va.. III., 158.
Brownsville, Ark., IL, 342.
Brownsville, Miss., IL, .344.
Brownsville, Palmetto Branch, near

Tex., III., 340.
Bruinsburg. La., IL, 214.
Brunswick. Ga., IV., 77.
Brunsmck, Mo.. I., 3.50.

Brvan. G., X., 363.
BrVan, II., V., 121.
Brvan, ,1. R , balloon tri|)s of, .at

Yorktown, Va., VIIL, 371.
Bryan, P., VIIL, 289.
Brvan, Mayor of Baton Rouge, I.,

233.

Bryant, D., IX., 347.

Brvanf, H., VIL, 220.

Brvant, -N. C, I., 225.

Brvson, A., VL, 179.

Buchanan, P.: L, 3.58; IV., 1.39;

VL, 144, 1.54, 157, 108. 1.82. 249.

252. 254.
Buchanan, .1.. I., 184; VL, 24.
Buchanan, M., VL, 157.
Buchanan, R. C.. X., 311.
Buchanan, T. .McK.: IL, .3.30; VL,

316.

Buck, n., IX., .30.
Hurk, i: W., VIL, 220.
HiirlJiMiui .ri, W. \ a. (s als ) Mid-

,!le Creek I'ork), I., 318.
Buckingham, C. P.; IL, 56; X.,

335.

Buekland, R. P., X., 233.

Bueklmcl. Va.. IV., 9(1.

Bu -klaiid Mills \'a., IL, 344.

Buekiicr. S. B.: I., 18, 1.S4, 1.87,
190 n-i., 191, 192. ,3(57, IL, 270,
278, 320, 344; VIL, 214; X.,
349, 25S.

Buell, D. C: I., 95, 118, 180, 203.
2110. 208, 211. 212. 213, 3()0, 363;
IL, 144, 166; VIL, 114; VIIL,
2(m, 277; X., 40, 172, 173.

Buena Vista, Mex.: I.. 190; IL, 242.

Buffalo. N. Y.. nmstering a regi-
ment, VIIL, 74.

Buffalo .M luntain. W. Va. (see also
Camp Allegheny, W. Va.), I.,
3.54.

Buford. A.. X., 269.

Buford. E. S., IV., 288.

Buford, .1.: IL, .322, .340, .342; IV.,

21. lis, 230, 2.35, 262, 267, 272.

274.

Buford. N. B.: VL, 218; X., 207.
"Bugler in Confederate Camp."

VIIL, 137.
Buist. J. R., Nashville. Tenn., VIL,

246.

"Bull-Dogs" (see also Fortv-first
N. Y., Comp.anv C), IL, 49.

Bull Pasture. \'a., battle at, I., 362.

Bull Run. Va.: I., 23, 2S, 31, 35, 36,
37, 39, 9.5, 122, 132, 137 ■■<rg..
138. 13!), 140, 142 .s-n/., 145, 147,
14S, 151, 153, 155, 157, 165, 192.
196. 2(58, 214, 2.54, 285, ■.US: IL, 9.
21, 33, 35, 39, 43, 48, 51, 52, 104,
105. 322; III., 315; headquarters
of Beauregard at. III., 314; IV.,
32, ,50, 52, 77, 200, 202; V., 18,
19, 21. 27, .38, 58, 80, 92, 98, 290,
300, 301; VL, 08; Union prison-
ers from, VIL, 4, 32, 157, 109;
.Mrs. Spinner's hou.se used as hos-
pital. VIL, 257; VIIL, 25, 61.
62. 73. 78. 86. ,87, 89, 91, 104;
Federal pickets near, VIIL, 215;
270, 340; IX., (59, 78, 81, 143, 265,
2S6, 313; X., 104; losses at, X.,
142; first battle of, X., 156.

Bull Run, Va.: photographers before
the second battli-, at, I., 37; sec-
ond b.attle at .Manassas, IL, 47;
soldiers and battlefield of, IL, 48;
feelings of Nijrth .and South after.
IL, 54; IX., 157, 2(55. .345; X.,
62.

Bull Run Mimument: dedication

of, IX., 263, 265, 366.
Bull Run Mountains, Va., IL, 44.
Bulloch, G. W., IL, 69.
Bulloch, ,1. D., VL, 20, 32, 75, 86,

SS. 290. 299.
Bullo-k. ,1. P., VL, 301.
Bullock. R., X., 261.
Bulls Gap. Tenn.. III., 3.38.
Bumi. ll, .f., VIIL, .3.54.
Buibridgc. S. G.: III., 322, .324; X.,

307.

Burbridge's Infantry. Confederate,

I., 3.50.
Burdett. S. S.. X., 296.
Burial of soldiers during the war,

IX., 241.

Burke. J. T.: I., 14: VIL, 4, 25. .59.
Burke, M., VIL, .50.
Burkesville. Kv., IV., 151, 156, 175.
Burnett. H. I... VIL, 309.
liiKnett Hotise, Cold Harbor, Va..

IV., 345.
Burnham, H.: IL, 123; X., 139.

Buriiing of New York attempted.
VIIL, 300. :i.52.

Biitiis, A. 1''., I., 19.

Burns .loliii: IX., 200. 209, 211.

"John Burns of (led \ sburi;." by F.
liiel. H ill", IX.. 211(1, 309.

Burn irle, \. i:.: phoio^rapher
Bradv, I., 21; at I'redericksburg
Heights, Va.. L, 37, 30, 44.
64, 113, 110, 12(1, 1,50, 1.56.
157; succeeds McClellan in com-
mand of army, II. , 57, 66, 68, 73,
75, 80. ,S2, 83, 85, 90. 97. 98. 100.
122. 271. 27(1, 298, 324, .■(28, 338,
34t>; III., 34. 38. 39. 42. 47, 54,
62. 07. 72. S3. 84. 80. 90, 195, 318,
IV., .50. 1.59, 160, 104, 231; corps,
v., 290, 294; VL, 108, 312; VIL,
150. 202. 201 : VIIL, 4, 60, 61 ;
and statr. VIIL, 61, 78, 95, 204,
2(IS, 24(1, 321, 323, .•126, .'HS; IX.,
09, 71. 148, 161, 315; X., 166.
169, 29(1.

Buriisiile's Bridge, Md.. IL, 71, 74.

Burn.uel.s, \V. B.. quoted, VIIL,290.

Burton, ('. G., X., 296.

Burton. J. II. . V., 104. 170.

Bushnell. C. S., VL, 109.

Business side of war-making. The,
VIIL, 42.

Bussey, C, X., 205.

"Busv with good works for the
soldiers," VIL, 343.

Butler, A. P., IX., .301.

Butler, B. F.: signal tower of, at
Cobbs Hill, L, 37, 49, 119, 234;
IL, 30, 130, 205, 209; III., 15, 25.
32. 78. 81, 87, 89, 92, 95, 90, 182,
190, 320, 324; IV., 110, 121. 203,
262; v., 103. 243, 207. 315; VL,
44. 100. 115, 188, 204, 21(1, 240,
2.57,265,310. 312, 315, :i20: VIL,
101 scg.. 110. 116. 118, 100, 170;
VIIL, 297, .3(53 , 3(58; IX., 181;
X., 17.5, 180.

Butler, M. C: IIL, 3.38; IV., 113;
X., 284.

Butler, a Mo.sby Ranger, IV., 166.
Butler Camp, III. (see also Camp

Butler, III.), L, 174, 175.
Butterfield, D.: II. . 328; IIL, llti-

IV., 305 aeq.; X., 101, 198.
Buzzard Roost. Ga.: IL, 350; IIL,

107, 318; v., 208.
Bvers, S.H.M..IX.,100,169,170,171.
Byrne, W., VIL, 125.

c

Cabell, W. L., X., 257.

Cabot, S., VIL, 133.

Cadle, C, .Ir., I., 353.

Cadwaht.ler. G. C, VIL, 194.

CahalKi, ,\la., prison at, VIL, 60.

Caliill, T. W.. IL, 1.33.

Cairo. III.: I., 17(5, 177, 179, 181.
197, 215, 220. 225, 303; IL,
139; forwarding recruits at. II. ,
182; VL, 1.80. 212. 213; naval
st.ation at, VL, 315; VIL, 319;
flood at. VIIL, 311.

Cairo. Mo. ,basisofsupi.lii-s, VIIL, 32.

Cairo, V. S. S.: I., 335 _'13, 366;
IL, 200; VL, 21 }, 221, 2(10. 310.

Caklwell. A. H.: VIIL, 345 see..
350. 361. 303. 301.

Caklwell. C. H. B.: I., 232; VL,
190. 190.

Caldwell, G. H.. IL, 69.

Caldwell. .1.. VIIL, 363, 300.

Caldwell, ,1. C. IL, 69.

Ciil.li Cusliiiig, revenue cutter, VI. ,
2!)1.

Calef, J. H., IV., 230.

Calhoun, J. C, unveiling statue of.

IX., 36.
Calhoun. U. S. S.. IL, 330.
California enlistment, VIIL, 102.
Cambridge. Mass., return of the

Mass Sixteenth Inf., IX., 261.
Camden. Ark.. IL, .3.52.
Camden. .X. C: L, 362.
Cameron. R. A.. X., 303.
Cameron. S.: IV., 52; V., 130; VIL,

30. 9S. I!)2; VIIL, 84. 345.
"Cameron Dragoons," Pa. Fifth

Cav.. rV., 253.
Cammock. J., VIIL, 381.
Camps:

Camp .\lleghenv, W. Va.. I., 3.54.
Camp Anderson, VIIL, 89.
Camp .\svlum, Columbia, S. C
VIL. 14.

Camp Butler, near Springfield,
III., I., 175; VIL, 44, 68.

[3d Ed.]

[327]

CAMPS

INDEX

CHAMBERLAIN

Camps — Confin urd.

Camp Cameron, V:i., VIII., (17.
CampCass.Va .I.,;u:t:VIII.,101.
Camp ('h:i.>'', ( 'uluiiilm^, ()lii'>,

VII., tt. IIS. 10.".. WIN.
Camp Creek, \V. \ a., I., MVJ.
Camp Defiance, III., I., 177.
Camp Dousilas, ChieaKo, II!.:

VII, , "iZ, H. r,s, 73, HS, 153:

VIII. , (i'i, L'llS, ■M\i; IX., I."j7.
Camp Fi.-ik, \ ickslnuir. Miss., I.,

108 sni.

Camp Ford, Texas: VII., 4(i, 49.

.')] ; prison at, VII., 72, 9C), K?!;.
Camp Clraec. Hrmpstead. Texas:

l)risi.ii at , VII., ll>. 72, '.Hi.
Caiii|i ( iiiHiii. near W'ashiTitilori.

D. C: IX., i:W. l.V); .Sixth

Vermont at, IX., ii47.
Camp .hii'kson. Si. Louis, M(f.: I.,

172, 173, ;m6, :i :5(i7; VII.,:ill.
Camp .James, Wasliington, I). ('.,

I., 107.
Camp .Tame.son, VIII., 59.
Camp Louisian.-i, I., 95.
Camp T.awtoe, .Milk'ii, Ga.:

prison at, VII., 44, 72, S4, .S(j.
"Camp .Miserv." Alexandria,

Va., VII., 287.
Camp Moore, La., Confederate

troops at, VIII., 109.
Camp Morton, In.l.: IV., 214;

VII., 44, (U, 71.
Camp Xelson, Ky.: engineers in,

v., 351; convaleseent camp at,

VII. , 2U, 215; mule chute,

VIII. , 41; work shops, corrals,
and reservoir, VIII., 41.

Camp Northumberland, Wa.sh -
ington, D. C Ninet.v-.sixth
Penna. Infantry drilling at, I.,
169.

Camp Parole, AnnapoUs, Md.,

VII. , 108.

Camp Scott, Staten Island, N.Y.:
Scyenty-fir.st Inf., organized at,

VIII. , B7; IX., 78.

Camp .Sprague, Washington, D.

C, I,, 141.

Camp Stoneman, Washington,

D. C: band headquarters at,
VIII., 233.

Camp Sumter, .\nderson, Ga.:
prison at. VII., 44, 72.

Camp Washington, S.C., III., 171.

Camp Winfield .Scott, I., 259.

Camp Yates, Ilk, I., 17.5.
Camp life, I., 51.
Camp-making, VIIJ., 187.
Campscenes,VIII.,224,225;IX.,i:{l.
"Campaigning with Grant," b.y

H. Porter, IX., 1S2.
Campaigns: first of tin- gr^at, from

Bull Run to ,\r)i>om iftox, Va..I.,
137 plans of, VIII., 50.
VIII., ll.'J.

Campbell, .\rch., VIII., 111.

Campbell. A. W., X., 297.

Campbell, C, T., X., 29.'$.

Campbell, I.. A., II., 32(1.

Campbell. W. B., X., 305.

Campbell's cavalry, Confederate,

I. , 3.50.

Campbell Station, Tenn., II„ 341).

C.impbellvill.', Tenn., III., .'«S.

Ca l.'-llsville, Kv.. IV., 15().

Caiiipli, La., II., 3.52.

Canada: as base of Confederate
military, political and economic
operations, VIII., 296-304.

Canal, btiilt by the Federals on the
Jame- River, and its unsuccessful
end, III., 9i;.

Canbv. F,. H. S.: III., .340; IV., 273;
VI.', 2.-.S. 270; IX., 240; X., 1S2.

Candv, ('.. X., 89.

Cane Hill, Ark., II., 320.

Cane River, La., II., 3.52.

Cane River Crossing, N, C, II., 130.

Canister, use of, V., 42.

Cannon, .T. W., VI., 207.

Cannon: manufacture of, V., 126;
rifled, V., 130 .nq.: the lack of
iron for irianutactvire of small
arms, V., 134; .sea-co,ast, V., 145;
smooth-bore, V., 1.50; Confeiler-
ate imported, manufactured,
adopted and inx'ented, V., 157;
foundry of the So'ith, VIII., 1.33.

Canonicus, U. S. S.: III., 340; VI.,
131, 365.

Cantey, J., X., 2i>5.

Canton, Miss., II., 340, 344.

Cantwell, J. T., VII., 63.

Cape Charles, Va., VI., 266.

Cape Fear River, N. C: VI., 01,

104, 23s, 257, 273, 322.
Cape Girardeau, Mo., II., 332.
Cape Hatteras, N. C: VI., 100, 140,

179, 310.
Cape Henrv. Va., VI.. 114, 260.
Cape Lookout, N. C, VI., 104, 12L
Capehart, H., X., 311.
Capers, E., X., 285.
C:ipert(ui's Ferry, Ala.: II., 177: IX.,

m.

Capron. A. B., VIII., 3'»7.

"Carabines a tige," VIII., .S2.

Carbines:!, )rfav:drv, v., 130, 144, 170.

Ganl plaviiig. VIII., 241.

(■;ud.'nas, Culia. VI., 291.

(•■Am . at. .inlerlv. VII., 13.5.

Carlet.m. .1. IF, X., 195.

Carlin, W. P.; II., 304; and .staff.
IL, 169.

Carlisle. ,1. H., V., 20 sprj.

Carlisle, Pa., defense of, IX., 37.

Carlisle Barracks, Pa., IV., 2.

Carmichael. R. B., VII., 198.

Carnegie, A., VIII., 340; X., 21.

C.irnifex Ferry, W. Va., I., 350.

Carnot, L. N. M., I., 2.54.

Carondelet, Mo., I., 185, 216.

CuroHilfhl. V. S. S.: I., 19,2 seq., 185,
187, 217, 219, 222,223, 224m;.,23.S,
356, 302, 300,30.S;II..190; VI.,S5,
148, 311, 214, 215. 224, 312, 310.

Carr, E. A., II., 334; X., 175. 170.

Carr, .1. B., X., 125.

Carrick's Ford, W. Va., I„ 348.

Carrington, H. B., X., 311.

Carroll, S. S., II., 320; X., 199.

Carroll, W. IL, X., 399.

Carr.>llton, Ga., IV., 110.

Car.son, C. (" Kit" Carson), X.,321.

Cartel; VIl., 98; difficulties in the
application of the, VII., 104, 100,
108; of 1862, provisions of, VII.,
112; for exchange, adoption of,
July 22, 1802, VII., 106, 160;
for exchange, suspension of, May
25, l.S(i3, VII., 160; lack of clear-
ness in the supi.lementarv articles
of, cause of troubl..,VII.,'ll2, 114,
110; (if ,l.ilv 22, VII., 345; of July
22, 1S02, VII., 345, Appendix \.

Carter, Anne H., X., 52.

Carter, J. C, III., 340; X., 299.

Carter, S. P., III., .344; X., 305.

Carter, a western photographer, IV.,
145.

Carters Station, Tenn., II., 32,s.
C.-irtliai;e, M,,., I., .'M.S.
Cartrid^'es: small arms, V., lOfi;

origin of, v., 172.
Carver Ilospital, Wa.shington,

n. C, VII., 375.
Gary, Mrs. A., VII., 296.
C.asamajor, G. H.: I., 10; VIII., 0,

206; X., 2.
Case, F. F., VII., 125.
Caseo, V. S. S., VI., 177.
Casev,S.:I.,288,289,393,324;IX.,59.
Cass; T., I., 343.
Cass, U. S. S., VI., 82.
Cassville, Ga., III., Ill, 112, 320.
Castle Godwin, Richmond, Va.,

VII., 40.

Castle Murray, near -Auburn. Va.,
IV., 343.

Castle Pinckney, Charleston Har-
bor, S. C: i., 89, 165; Zouave
Cadets at. III., 171; III., 172;
big gun in, V., 181; VII., 4, 27,
38, 127; VII., 25, 54 .scg.; union
prisoners, VII., 27, 1.57; Charles-
ton Zouave Cadets at, VII., .59.

Castle Thunder, prison, Petersburg,
Va., VII., 87, 89.

Castle Thunder, Richmond, Va.,
VII., 199.

Casualties: in European battles, X.,
140; in Union .armies, X., 1 12, 144.
148; in Confederate armies, X.,
142, 144, 148.

Cat Harpin Run, Va., I., 155.

Catlett's Station. Va.: II., 34, 38,
.39, 42; IV., S'l, 92; railroad de-
stroyed at, IV., 90,91; Orange <fe
Alexandria R. R. at, IV., 90; rail-
road bridge near, IV., 11.8.

Catliii, I. S., IV., 22.

Catonsa Springs, Ga., VII., 266.

r',jf.^/,-,7;,U.S.S.: II.,3.32;VI., 12V, 17.3.

Catlerson, R. F., X.. 203.

Cavalry:

United States: voliintei-r. IV.,
4; evolution of the .Vmericuii. IV.,
13-38; brief descriptions of, IV.,
14; of the Civil War, its evolution

and inniwncc, IV., 17; importance
of, not realized at the beginning of
the war, IV., 16-38; American,
IV., 13 Kiq.. 17 seq.. 19; hi.stiiry of,
from pre-re\-olutionarv days to
the end of the fivil War, IV., 18
.s-cfy.; reorganization of regtilar. hy
Congress in 1n.)3 and 1836, IV.,
22; regular, the first I'nitecl
.States, short history of. IV., 23;
Depot, Gile^boro, D. C, IV., .33;
exceptionall>' effecti\'e in the
Gett\'sburg campaign, June 1-
July'4, 1.S03, IV., 32, 34: ol the
war, most conspicuous instances
of ( ISIil lS(i5i. IV., 34; I'cixit ol,
eslablishcd .1. .Inly, 1M.3, IV., 33,
3.5; in winter .luartcrs. IV., 36,
37; difficulties of e(|iiipping, or-
ganizing :ind instructing, at out-
break of war, IV., 4S; foraging by,
usual means ..f ..btaining sup-
plies, IV., 49; its organization and
equipment, IV., 39-70; poor
showing of, in first two years of
the war, IV., 4.H; Northern and
Southern, efficicni'>' of. compared,
IV., 50, 52; (|uarter-niaster, per-
petual motion of, IV., 51; volun-
teer regiments, armament of, IV.,
52, 51), 58; water, necessity of, one
of the greatest obstacles in the
path of, IV., 59; improvement in,
IV., 60; volunteer, unnecessary
overburdening of, IV., 62; regular
rations of, IV., 6.3; mess house
for, IV., 63 .scg.; numerous casual-
ties among the horses of, antl
causes, IV., 65; business of trans-
porting hay for, IV., 65; hay de-
pot of, IV., 65 seq.; poverty of
equipment of its men and horses,
IV., 66, 67; horseshoeing shops,
IV., 68, 69, 70; Union and Con-
federate, efficiency of, in the
Gettysburg campaign, TV., 88,
92; destruction of r.ailroads by,
r/., 99; mess house, F'ederal, at
Wa.shington, D. C, IV., 107 seq.-
raids of, IV., 11.5-140; leaving
camp, IV., 116, 117; with infan-
trj' on provost-guard dut.y, IV.,
182, 18.3; true value appreciated
by authorities, 18(;4, IV., 189;
detail guarding a wagon-train,
1862, IV., 191; brief description
of one of the companies of, IV.,
195; camp building, IV., 197;
scout, typical episode in the life
of, IV.," 201; screening of tlie
army's movements h\, IV., 203;
battles and charges, IV., 21.5-2.58;
regiment in formation, IV., 218;
losses of horses and men in a mo-
mentous action of (Jime 27,
1802), IV., 220, 222; action, con-
spicuous (June 27, 1862), IV.,
330; the first great charge of, dur-
ing the Civil War (June 27, 1S62),
IV., 221; decisive actions of,
March 17 and June 9, 18()3, IV.,
224; officers, reunion of, IV., 229;
trial of strength with that of the
South. .March 17. 1803, IV., 233;
formation in a hollow square, IV.,
235; western branch of the Feder-
al army; important duties and
enviable reputation of, IV., 241;
usefulness and acti\alies of, IV.,
242, 244, 24S, 2.50, 2.52; capture
of valuable supplies by, during
the valley campaign, IV., 252;
of the West, IV., 2.54; part of, in
the siege and taking of Rich-
mond, IV., 353, 355; of the south-
west, IV., 254, 250, 258; tfie heau
snhreur of, IV., 275; mounts for
all the, IV., 309; immense cost of
caring for horses of, IV. , 322, 32,5;
depots. Union, eiii'ipment and
management of, IV., 32.s, 3.30.
334, 330; to guard the District of
Columbia, IV., .339.
Cavalry:

Confederate: causes of diminish-
ing numbers and lack of efficiency
of, IV., 3,s, 42, 71 erq.; in the East,
IV., 71, 114; leaders, IV., 72; in
its unorganized state and exploits
of, IV,, 77; brilliant movement
of, under Stuart, IV., 80; raids
of, and their etTecf upon the
North, in the first two years of
the v.ar, IV., 83; unsuccessful
raid and clever escape of, Oc-

tober, 1,863, IV., 92, 94, 90, 10(1.
101; rapid decline of, from 1801
to end of war, IV., 1(13; plunder-
ing of liorses by, IV., 105; in-
vasion of West Virginia by, IV.,
104, 106; successful raid of, to
capture I'nion cattle (Septem-
ber, 18()41, IV., 110; raids of, IV.,
115, 140; in the West, equip-
ment of, during the early an. I
later i)eriod of the war, IV., 145;
constant blows of, to material re-
sources of the North, incflfectual,
IV., 153; important factor in
Union defeat at Chickamauga,
IV., !5s, l(-(): necessity of guar.l-
ing Unit.n lines of ct)mmunicatioi.
against attac ks by, IV., 184, 185;
almost annihilafi'd by the cavalry
corps, end of Julv, 1804, IV., 242.

Cavalry Bureau, IV., 250, 326, 32s,
.336; VIII., 18.5.

"Cavalry Crossing a Ford," Walt
Whitman, IX., 134.

Cavalry Horses: care of, test of ef-
ficency of a trooper, IV., 42; far-
riers of, IV., 44, 4.5 seq.\ camps of,
IV., 116; necessity of providing
food and shelter for, IV., 199;
strappings of, IV., 315; loss of,
through disease and overwork,
IV., 317; orderlv with an officer's
mount, IV., 319, 337; a thousand
F'ederal, IV., 330, .321, 322-337:
terrible losses of, IV., 322, 324:
method of obtaining and training
for, IV., 320; foot diseases tl.c
bane of, IV., 330; in the South.

VIII. , 52.

Cavalry Leaders: opinion of, in re-
gard to cavaln' and its militar\-
viilue, IV., 18, 236, 237. 238. 239,
260, 261, 202-288; North and
South, IV., 2.59-2S8; distinguished
officers \\'ho recei\-e(l the thanks
of Congress (.Iul\ , 1,S05),IV., 203.

Cavalry Pickets, .sicouts and Cou-
riers, IV., 79, 181-203, 193.

Cawthorn's Brigade, Confederate,
I., 350.

Catiwja, U. S. S.: I., 227, 234; VI.,
55, 190.

Cedar Creek, Va.: III., 1.58, 159,
100, 104, 105, 108, 338; IV., 2.52-
263; IX., 70 .s--?.; skirmish of,

IX. , 217.

Cedar Keys, Fla., VI„ 123.

Cedar Level, \'a.. regimental com-
missary at, VIII., 53.

Cedar Mountains, Va.: II., 9, 13,
1.5, 21, 2.5, 28. 27, 31, .38, .39, 320;
v., 31 seq.: VII., 33; Confederate
hospital at. VII., 345; losses at,

X. , 142, 1.56.

Cellar Run, Va. (see also Cedar
Mountain, Va.), II., 21, 25, 37:
railroad bridge across, IV., 118,
119; VII., 345.

Cedar Springs, \^.. III., .338.

Cemeter\- Hill, Gettysburg, Pa.: III.,
202; IV., 234; V.,' 40: VIII., 122.

Ceinetery Ridge. Gettysburg. Pa.:
I., 73; II., 2.31, 260; Meade's
headquarters at, II. ,361; IV., 230,

Censorship: of newspapers. VIII.,
270; of telegraph lines, VIII., SKi.

Central Alabama (Nashville and
Decatur R. R.), great bridge of,
I., 312, 313.

Centr.alia, Mo„ III., .3.32.

Centreville, La., II., 332.

Centre\ille, \ a.: I., 149, 150. 102.
16.3 seq.: Confederate entrench-
ments lit, I., 166; II., 4.5, 40, 51,
53; Quaker Run, at, V., 203;
stone church at, VII., 357.

Century Maf/'i:ihe. IX., .37.

Ceres. V. S. S., I., 3.56; III., 318.

Chadwick, F. E.: I., 7, 11, 88, 89:
VI., 13, 18; historical illustra-
tions within Confederate lines,
VIII,, 105.

ChaflSn's BlufT, Va.: I., 119; V., 141.
262, 201, 305, 317, 320; battery
at, v., 310.

Ch.aill6, S. E., VII., IS, 290, 3.52.

Chain Bridge, Cieorgetown, D. C,
v., 75, 9(). 97; VIII., 88, 94, 96.

Chalk Bluff, .'\rk.. III., 346.

Chalk Bluffs, Mo., I., 364.

Chalmers. J. R.: I., 97, 195. 201 seq.,
204, 205, 3()S; II., 330, 344; IV.,
.34, 153, 2.56.

Chamberlain, J. L., at battle of
Gettysburg, II., 253; X., 309.

[3d Ed.]

[328]

CIIAMnKKI.AIX

INDEX

COLBURN

Cliiiinlwrlaiii, W. H.. X., _'.

(•li;unl)ors. A., X., 305.

( 'iKiriilxTshiiri.', Pii.: III., Ill vn/.,

I. ->(). Kil; IV., ?■>, SI).
Chiiiiihliss. .1. !{., .Ir.: IV., 3S;$ .so;.;

v., X.. l.M.
(■h,<m,l,,„i. V. S. S., VI., 2!)S.
(■liuriipioii Hill, .Miss.: II., IW), 2\s,.

:i;u,

Chancfllcr, V., VIII., 'im.
Chaneollor lioiisc. II., 121, 121.
<'li:iiircl|(itsvilli'. \.\.: artillery roK-
iilars beforp, I., 58, 1(17;

II. , It, lllii, U)(i, li:!, 11."),
122, 12S, 1!I7. 2211, 2:!S, 2711, :{;il;

III. , m. in, !.-,, IS; IV., 122; v.,
72, 212, 2;)4; l''c,I.Tal c-iit rciich-
im-iits at, v., 212; VII., :iOS, :«i;

VIII. , IS, r,3, »).->, I)!), 2:i(), ZM:

IX. , l!ll): battl.' of, IX., 1)1, (>:{,
f)."), 7'.l, '.11.34.'); loss.vs at, X., 142.

( 'haiii-rllor^villi', raiiii)ai};ri.
II.,!IS;V.,r,S,',ls, 2:i2; IX., l.')7,190.

( ■lian.lliT, A. li., VIII., :ilG .v.,,.

( ■h;.i..ll.T, 1). T., VII., SI).

( ■haiitillv. Va., II., .")!, .")2, .•!22; V.,
.iii; X., 112.

Oliapiti, K. !>., X., 137.

Chapin, R, H,, I., 287.

Chaplain^ nf the Ninth Army Cori>s,
VIII., ill.

Chanlu., .1. C, VI., 9S.

Clianlu. Hills, Kv., X„ 15(5.

Chapniari, .1. C VI., 97.

( 'hapulti'pi'C. Mcx., I., 143.

Charters: three famous, fhaf b')ro
a nation's d.-Miin . IV., 2».'», 391.

Ch-ariton River. .M ... II., :i2.l.

Charles the Haiiiiii^r. I., .ill.

Charles Citv '-..mt House. \ :,.: I.,
34I;III.,S9: hi-hw.iv i.ear,IV.,sa,

CharlesCit \ ( 'ros. I{ , ,;„ Is, Va., I.,;ii)().

("harles Cm I! . i l. \ V., 320.

CliarlesiMii, .M ... I., :i.V).

Charleston. S. C.: I., .i.'). 39, 42; Vol-
unteer conir) in\' of, I., 89, 94,
103, 107, 143; Castle Pinckney at,
I., 1H5; Charleston Zouave Cadets

of, I., 18,5, :::i:i.3i!i,:iiii; II., 319,

330, 333, 33".; III., 11. 4fi;
the uneapUireil fort, III., Hil),
170. 171: Zouave Cailets, III.,
171; ■■The Hattery, ' III., 17->,
173; after bonibarduKMil, III,,
174, 237; Mills House, III.,
339; Circular Chureh, III., 333;
Washiniiton .\rtiller\' Company
of , v.. Ill); attack and defense at , V.,
IK.t; Cuniinins;s Point, V., 117;
south hatterv in, V., 119; Blakelv
gun, v., m: wri'ck of lilakely
gun in, v., 130; fort ili<'at ion -i of,
v., 131. l.jl. 1.">1: ■■Kloatin._' Hat-
tery," v., 1.5.5, l.".ii. Kill, 21S i'.-,l;
arsenal at- V., 17(1; ar.-.enal toi-
petloes, shot and shell eolleetetl
in, v., 1S9; VI., 1"), 17, 23, 24,
28, 34, 114, 111). 122, 124, 12S,
140, 173, 23S, 207, 274, 3IIS, 310,
312, 314, 318, 320, 322; Zouave
Cadets, VII., 4, 27, 59, 137, 147,
157; Union prisoners in, VII., 35,
3S, ,')9, S6, 122, 11)0; Roper Hos-
pital, VII., 161; O'Connor House,

VII. , 11)1, 163, 1()4 s,:q., 174, 170,
340; threatened set.e-ision begun,

VIII. , OS, 11."); Washington Light
Infantry. VIII., 11.5, 117, 167;
MeClelhiu's Zouaves, company
of, VIII., l.)3. .33,"); Confederate
signal tower, VIII., 313; ruins
of, IX., 39; Circular Church
in, IX., 39; ruins of Secession
Hall, IX., 45; Cathedral of St.
,Iohn and St. I'inhar, IX., 47;
war time in, IX., 49; "The City
Bides the Foe," IX., 49.; Central
Church, IX., 51; Magnolia Ceme-
tery at, IX., 274, 377; Fed-
eral gravi's at, IX., 2S1; ruins
of Pinekne\- mansion, IX., 319,
331; fire ni December, IS'il,

IX. , 321; captured arms in, IX.,
333; Fort Sumter celebration,
IX., 334, 33.5; harbor, X., 1.50.

Charleston, Tenn.. II., 34S.
Charleston, W. Va., I„ 364; II., 344.
"Charleston," H. Timrod, IX., 18.
Charleston, ship, VIII,, 45.
Charlottesville, Va., IV., 96, 111).
Chartres, Due de, I., 115.
Chase, S. P.. I., 2S; X., 13.
Chase. W. H.: demands surrender
of Fort Pickens, Fla., VIII., 156.
Chasst^ur, V . S, S., I., 3,50.

Chatlield, S. C., batterv at, V., I 10,

It;.

Cliatl.ilioiehee liri.lg.., (J.i., III.,
131.

Chailali ),), lie.' River, Ca.: Ill,, IS,

II. I, 121, 131), 216, 326.
( 'lial t ahoochie Creek, bridge over,

v., 399.

Chattanooga, Tenn.: I., 94, W. 121,
12S, 132, 136; II., U6, 160, 17S,
272, 289; head<|Uarters of (Jen.
C, H. Thomas at, II., 391;
famine threatening the Union
army before battle of, II., 294;
Fecleral troops in, II., .'{09; Union
.and < 'oiiteilerale losses al, II.,
31S, 316; III., Hi, 311, 1 I I, 211,
21(), 2211, 222, 3">3, 3l(i; federal
c.avalr.v ^uardnm, IV., 117 se(j.,
160. 211 ; V.,,".ll; ( .-iptured Confed-
erati- gun~al,V.,(i9, 20ii, 21 IS, 251,
251. 2!I2, 2'.IS, 302; VI., 233, 23 1;

VII. , 35, 200, 272; Confederate
prisoners at, VII., 37; (Jonfeder-
ati. loud supplies, reinforced,

VIII. , 5J, in:;. 207, 208; where
Sherman's mareli began, VIII.,
319; tro'ips al "Indian Mound,"
VIII., 319; (lino First Light Art.,
VIII., 319, 2.-.2, 277, 325, 3.56,
35S, 360; railrtjad near Knox-
ville, Tenn., VIII., 3()2; IX., 101,
11.5, 182, 327.

Chattanooga and Nashville Rail-
road, II., 273, 274.

Chattanooga Creek, military briflge
over, II., 315.

Chattanooga River, IX., 170.

riuill innona, U. S. S., II., 397, 3.99,
31(1; v., 292.

Clieai .Mountain, W, Va„ I., 352.

Cheat River, W. Va., IV., 104.

Cheatham, Adj., VII., SS.

Cheatham, B. F.. II., 326; III.,
132. 131; X., 351, 264.

Chealhrilu, F,, X., 2'ls.

Cheatham. \V. S.. I., :{liO.

"Cheer Ho\ s. Cheer," E. C. Fos-
ter, IX., 346.

Cheney, J. W., I., 19.

Cherbourg, France, VI., 320,

Chernkee, U. S. S., III., 342.

Cherokees, II., 287.

Chesapeake, Va., VI., 314.

ChesapeakeBay,I.,8S;n.,19;V., 80.

Chesa])e,ake H'jspital, Hampton,
Va., VII., 333.

Chess game at headquarters, VIII.,
341.

Chester Gap, Va., II., 326, 342-

IIL, 28.
Chester Station, Va., III., 320.
Chesterfield, Va., IV., 126; bridge

at, IV., 137.
Chestnut, .1., X., 383.
Chevaux-de-friese, Atlanta, Ga.,

defenses, V., 199.
Chew, R. P., IV., 108.
Chewa Station, Ga„ III., 326.
Chew's Va. Battalion, Confederate,

I., 360.

Chicago, Til., Camp Douglas: VII.,
33, 73; mustering a regiment,
VIII., 74.

Chicliester, C. E., I., 89, 165; VII.,
4. 127, 157; VIII., 147.

Chi.'kahominy, Va.: I., 278, 284,
2S,-.. L'sli, 2S7, 290, 311, 31.5, 316,
31',i: l.ri,l-es I., 320; lower
bridge, I., 331; Woodburv's
bridge, I., 331, 330; III., 82, 84,
90; place where Gen. Stuart
crossed, IV., 85 seq., 224; bridge
over, IV., 337.

Chickahominy River: bridge at, V.,
230, 310, 320; VIII., 158.

Chickamauga, Ga.: I., 128, 132;
a Confederate victory, 11., 269-
288; the bloodiest conflict in the
■West, II., 272-288; position of
the two respective armies at, II.,
27.8; an excellent word i)icture of
the battle of, II., 282, 284; battle-
field, II., 383; Union and Con-
federate losses at, II., 288; one of
the most destructive battles of
the war, that of, II., 2,88; sub-
ordinate generals of the North
and Sriuth as recipients of the
luLdii-st hon.)rs al, II., 2.88; Leet's
t:ili\ard at. II., 344: III., 115:
ly., 34. l-,s. 294.2,54: artillery,
Federal at, V., 48; entrenchments,
Fc>deral a'. V., 206, 208, 292:
VII., 37; VIII., 238; IX., 99, 101,

214 .svt/.. 327, 345; X., 122; losses
at, X., 126, 1.56.
Chiekam.auga Creek, Ga.: Lee &
Gordon's mills, at II., 370; " The
bloodiest b.al tie-field of the Civil
War," II., 370, 371, 29v, 31S;

IX. , 99, 101.
Chickasaw, Ala,, III., .'ill.
("hickasaw. Miss., II., 201.
Chickasaw Bayou, Miss.: II., 184,

200, 328; VI., 221.
Chickasaw BlufTs, Miss,, II., 1S2,

185, 202.
Chickasaw. V. S. .S., VI., 247.
Chirora, C. S. S.: II., 330; VI., 124,

339, 272, 3 IS.
Childs, .1. IL, I., 331.
Chilesburg, Va., IV., 124.
Chillicolhf, U. S. S.: II., 330; VI.,

206, 208, 338.
Chilton, U. IL. II., .59; X., 319.
( 'liimbor..izo IIospi|:i|, ItH.ljtiioiid,

VII., 343, 26 L 2S.'
Chinihnni ■„, r,.inaM,oal, VII., 2S2.
Chineoti-a-ue lnl..i, VI., 3111.

Chipi" 1. S.: I.,.;ii2; III., 342.
Chi.-ioli,,, .1. .1,, VII., 2.511.
Ch,„'lnir. I . S. S.: I., 77; II., 186,

:i3(i; VI., '.'07.
Choper, IL, VIII., 115.
Christ Church, .\!exan(lria, Va.,

VII. , 334; X., 53.
"Christmas Night of '()2," W. G.

McCabe, IX., 148.
Chronological summar.v anfl record

of historical events, I., 3111.
Chronology: b.iiiles and action,

I,, 346-3()8; IL, .'i_'ii ,i.")2; III.,

318-346; VI., 3ns-;i22.
Chrysler, M. IL, X., 3'33.
Church, W. C, II., 142; X., 7, 2.5,

26, 32.

Church, oldest in America, II,, 351;

built hv engineers, VIII., 3,57.
Churchill", T., X., 357.
Churchill, T. ,J., II., 330.
Churchill's Battery, Confederate,

I. , 352.

Cillev, J. P., X., 309.
Cimarron, V. S. S., VI., 316.
Cincinnati, Ohio, II., 64; armi- re-

IJair sla.ps at, VIII., 41), 82.
"Cincinnati, " l)or,se of U. ,S, Grant,

IV., 291-2'.1S; X., 301.
Cinrinnali, U. S. S.: I., 182 seq.,

185, 222, 225, 237, 238, 35(), 302;

II. , 1,87, 222; VL, 35, 83, 85, 149,
214, 216, 220, 221, 314, 318; IX.,
371.

Cipher messages, VIII., 3.50.
Cist, H. M., X., 237.
Citico Creek, Tenn., II., 295.
"Citadel," at Port Hudson, II.,

215; a "Quaker gun," II., 315.
Cili/ of Mimphif, U. S. hospital

boat, VIL, 318, 319.
City Hospital, Richmond, Va., VII.,

343.

City Point, V.a.; I.,37;Gen'l Grant's
head<iuarters at, I., 81, 133 >.'(/.;

III. , 17. LSI. 1S2, 183. 24S, 32n,
32S, 334; cavalrv stables at, IV.,
57; v., 243, 296: camp of con-
struction corjis, U. ,s. Militarv
railroads at, V., 375; explosion at,
v., 187; wharves burned at, V.,
391; troops at, V., 391; VI., 114,
125, 275; VII., 99, 102, 107, 111-
221; "Bull Ring" at, VIL, 185;
the Planter bringing medical
supplies to, VII., 337; General
Hospital at, VIL, 381; ambu-
lance trains at, VII., .313; guard-
ing supplies, VIII., 31; supplies
shipped, VIII., 32; supplies,

VIII. , 39, 43; loading suppiv
wagons, VIII., 53; N. V. Thir-
teenth Art. at, VIII., 343; secret
service headquarters at, VIII.,
3,8'J, 357, 364, 368; U. S. military
telegraph operators at, VIII.,
.359, 361; Grant and staff at, IX.,
113; cemetery at, IX., 381; .sol-
diers' graves, IX., 381; Grant at,

X. , 41.

Civil War: importmt battle grounds
of. I., 2; mat) of important en-
gagements of, I., 2; Brad\ -(^iard-
ner neg.atives, I., l.S; photo-
graphic desc.riptions of, valuable
records, I., 32 xiq.- photographic
histor.v of, II., 1: bloodiest single
day's fighting of the, II., 4; vari-
ous occupations and trades of the
soldiers of the, II., 149; end of

the greatest, in histor.v. III., 316;
engagements of the, Mav, 1864-
.May, 1865, III., 316 346; .i hope-
less struggle from the prani of
\'ie\v' of :i member of the Con-
IV'ileracy, IV„ 204, 20(); cam-
paigns. |.omp..tred wi(h iMiropean
larripaii'ris, VIII., 34, 36; its
mr'aning, VIII., 42; losses in bat-
tle, X., 142; numbers and losses,
X., 1.5(1.

'Civil War,^' CD. Shanly, IX., 202.

*' Civil W.ir Garrison," ,S(. Augus-
tine, Fla., II., 347.

Clanton, .1. IL, X„ 3,53.

Clanton's Cavalry, Confederate, I.,
360.

Clareniont General Hospital, Alex-

.•indrn. \ , VII., 23.5.
(7,,,,,., , bri..., VI., 292.
( ■Iareiid..ii, \ik.: St. Charles River

.at. III., 324; VI., 223.
Clark. A. K , VIII., 139; X., 2.
Clark, ,\. M., L, 297.
( 'li.rk, ( ■., L, 3(10; X., 277.
( 'lark, F. P., X., 101.
( 'lark, .1, li,, X., 379.
<-|.-.rk. S. \I. I-:., VII,, 13.5.
( ■l;nk. W , A., X., 2.
Clark, W . T., X., 30.5.
Clark, Fort, N. C (see also Fort

Clark, N. Cl, VL, 269.
Clarke, V \_. I., 297.
Ckirke. (;. ,1.. VIII., 337.
Ck.rkc. .1 v.. IX., 1,".4.
CLiikc. .1. W., VIII., 133.
Claikc, I!., L, 387.
"( kiikc s Cavalry," IV., 76.
Clark'- Battery, Confederate, I.,

352, 35S.
Cl.ark s Mountain, Va., II., 40.
Clarkson, T. S., X., 296.
Ckarksville, Tenn., I., 225; IL, ,322.
Cla.ss of 1860, VIII., 185.
Clay, C. C, ,Ir., VIII., 294.
Clayton, H. D., II., 288,
Clayton, H. De L., II., 288; X., 3.53.
Cl.avton, P., X„ 207.
Cleburne, P. li,: IL, 1.55, 172, 282,

322, 32li: IIL, IKi, 120, 122, 340;

IV., 318; VIII., 103; X., 145,264.
Clergvmen among the volunteers,

VllL, 101, 110.
Clem, ".Johnny" drummer bov,

VIIL, 192.
Clendenhi. C. R., VIL, 209.
Clendenin's raifl. II. , ,336.
Cleveland, CL, IX., 29, 36; X., 138.
Cleveland. ( Ihir,, mustering a regi-
ment, VIIL, 74.
Clifton, Va., IV., 194.
Clifton, U. ,S. S.: IL, 330; VI., 190,

320.

Clinch Rifles, Augusta, Ga., VIII.,
139, 141; X., 121; Macon, Ga.,

IX. , 244 si q.
Clinch River, II., 313.
Clingman, T. L., II., 328; X., 281.
Clinton, Sir Henrv, IX., 321.
r'linton. Miss., IL, 340, 344.

" Clinton (iuard," N. Y. .Sixtv-first

Inf., IIL, 301.
Cioth for uniforms, .scarcity of, in

the South, VIIL, 142.
Clothing: for the armies, VIIL, 54,

5(i; supi)ly depots. Confederate,

VIIL, 5(); supply depots \J. >S.

arni\'. VIIL, 50.
Clouti.rsville. La., IL, 3.52.
Cloyds Mountain, Va., IIL, 320.
Clustee, Fla., IL, 349.
Clvmer, G.. VL, 137.
Cobb. H.: II., 92, 94, 96; III., 230;

VIL, 100, 122: X., 363.
Cobb, T. R. R.: IL, 81, 326, 328;

X. , 1.51.

Cobb's Hill Tower, Petensburg, Va.,
I., 37; VIIL, 310.

Cobb's Point, N. C: I., 356; Con-
federate i.atterv at. VL, 312.

( 'obham. G. A., .jr.. IL, 302.

Cneke, P. St. G., v., (54: X., 319.

Cochrane, .1.. X., 333.

Cockrell, F. M., IL, 320; III., 340.

Cockrell, J. H., X., 279.

Cockrell's cavalrv, Confederate.
IL, 320,

Cockrill, M. S., v., 65.

Code signals, VIIL, 316.

Coe, C, IX., ,351.

Coehorn mortars, V., .50, 54.

Coeur df Lion. V. S. S., VIIL, 374.

Coffeeville, Miss,, IL, 326.

Coggin's Point. Va., IV., 110.

Colburn, A. V., I„ 257, 331, 337.

[2d Ed.]

[309]

COLD HARBOR

INDEX

CORPS

Cold Harbor, Va.: I., 39, 366, 367;
III., 11, 17, 78, 79-84, 8.5, 86-92,
180, 188, 190, 322: IV., 210-24,5;
Burnett House at. IV., V.,
21, 27, 70, 214. 2;5!l, 240, 260;
VIII., 63, 110, 11.5; (iM the march
to, VIII., 198, 199, 209, 250; IX.,
348.

Coldwater, Miss., II., 206; VI., 208.
Cole, C. H., executed a.s a spy, VIII.,
298.

Cole, D., VIII.. 381, 389.

Coleman, C, VII., 31.

Coleman, C. E., Confederate scout,

VIII., 292.
Colgrove, S., X., 303.
Collins, N., VI., 271, 293, 294, 322.
Colm's Battalion, I., 3.58.
Colorado troops:

Cavalry: First, I., 360; Second,

I., 358, 360.
Colorado, 11. .S. S.: I., 3.52; III., 340;

v., 267; VI., 48, 51, 188, 310.
Colquitt, A. H., II., 67, 350; X.,

113.

Colston, F. M., I., 14; V., 72; X.,
27.

Colston, R. E., III., 322; X., 109.
Colt, C. S. S., VI., 10«.
Columbia, S. C: State armory at,
I., 33; III., 340, 341, 343, 343,

246, 251, 254, 2.56, 258, 342; V.,
166; IX., 166; scene in, IX., 31.3.

Columbia Flying Artillery, I., 103.

Columbia, C. S. S., VI., 123.

Columbia. U. S. S., VI., ,54.

Columbiads: guns at Fort Totten,
Va., v., 103; 10-inch guns, V.,
133; 15-inch guns, V., 137; with
iron bands added, V., 157; guns,
v., 168.

Columbus, Ga., III., 346; V., 166.
Columbus, Ky., I., 218, 223; II.,
183.

Columbus, Ohio, state penitentiary
at, IV., 175; VII., 141, 1.50.

Columhuf. U. S. S.. VI., .54.

Colvill, W., I., 147; II., 214.

Colyer, V., VII., 17.

Combahee River, S. C, III., .342.

Commanders with veteran armies,
VIII., 240-244.

Commercialism of American people,
X., 128; militant spirit subordi-
nated to, X., 128-138.

Commissary: fleetthat fed the army,
I., 315; buildings of, at Alex-
andria, Va., VIII., 38; factors in
successful warfare, VIII., 44;
headquarters of, IV., 49 seg.; con-
tracts made by, VIII., 53; head-
quarters of. Army of the Poto-
mac, VIII., 313.

Commissary general of prisoners:
Union and Confederate offices of,
VII., 38, 40; of prisoners, selec-
tion of Northern site for prison
by, VII., 64, 69; of prisoners,
1864, VII., 83; of prisoners in the
North, efficiency of, VII., 180,
182; of the Confederacy, unequal
to his responsibilities. VII., 182;
of prisoners, records of arrest by,
from February, 1862, till close of
the war, VII., 208.

Commissioners for exchange of
prisoners in the East and terms
of exchange (July, 1862), VII.,
109.

Commodore, wrecker engine, VIII.,
37.

Commodore Barney, V. S. S., I., 356.
Commodore Hull, V. S. S., III., 318.
Commodore Jones, U. S. S., III.,

320; VI., 320.
Commodore Perry, U. S. S.: I., 3.56;

VI., 363, 363, 364,316.
Compton Ferry. Mo., II., 320.
Comstock, C. B., I., 81; IX., 113.
Conesloqa, U. S. R.: I., 189, 225, 356,

.366; II., 196; VI., 214, 222, 310,

312.

Confederacy, Capital of the, V., 108.
Confederacy, Daughters of, I., 14,
19.

Confederacy, ordnance of, V., 155.

Confederate i^tates of America:
secret service of, I., 35; gallery of,
at Baton Rouge, La., I., 31, 42;
troops, view of, I., 37; earth-
works, I., 59; photographs, I.,
86-110; photographs, impub-
lished, I., 86, 87; enlistments and
soldiers, I., 91, 93, 95, 97; troops,
number of, I., 92; enlisting at

Natchez Court House, I., 93;
army, numbers mustered into, I.,
102; army, vital records of, I.,
102; forces and losses during tlie
war, I., 102; uniforms, I., 103;
archives, I., 106; cavalry, I., 131;
entrenchments, Centrevillc,
I., 166; river breastworks, I., 363;
ramparts southwest of Yorktown,

I. , 365; provisionally organized at
Montgomery, Ala., I., 346; Sixth
Cav., I., 362; menacing Union
cities, II., 64; fortifications.
Port Hudson, La., II., 310;
siege-gun mounted, Port Hud-
son, La., II., 311; Eighth Cav.,

II. , 330; possessions, April, 1864,

III. , 16; prisoners, III., 36, 37,
386; breastworks, III., 41; dead
of Ewell's corps. III., 61; dead,

III. , 63; photographs. III., 169-
171; army on the verge of starva-
tion, unsuccessful in obtaining
supplies. III., 305, 309, 313; want
versus Union abundance, applied
to horses, IV., 107; cause, heavy
blow to, by Gen. J. F. B. Stuart's
death. May 12, 1804, IV., 109;
damage caused hy, IV., 118, 119;
raids in the West, IV., 141 seq.;
partisan bands, definition and
usefulness of, IV., lOS; partisan
ranger, a famous ch.aracter, re-
garded as a m>'thical figure by
Union armv officers and men,

IV. , 168, 170, 171, 172, 177; par-
tisan ranger, practical illustra-
tion of the work of, IV., 169; par-
tisan ranger, best known to the
Union troops and most anxiously
sought for; his exploits; raid
(Morgan's) through Ohio and its
effects upon the North, IV., 174;
guerilla bands along the Missis-
sippi, IV., 179; guns, V., 55; gun-
ners, v., 59; government, VI., .54
!<eq.; the organization of navv,

VI. , 71, 72; navy, VI., 70, 290;
navy, pay table of, VI., 90; Naval
Academy, VI., 90; navy, pay of
the officers of the, VI., 90; river
defense fleet, VI., 192; prisoners.
Union cajjture of, not an un-
mixed evil ff>r the former, VII.,
1.54, 155; medical department of,

VII. , 222 seq., 278, 349 seq.: med-
ical sources of, VII., 237 seti.;
medical service, VII., 238; wound-
ed nursed in private liouses, VII.,
243; field hospital at Cedar
Mountain, VII., 345; woimded
treated in homes of willing citi-
zens, VII., 260; wounded, return
to duty of, after five weeks'
treatment, VII., 206; organiza-
tion and personnel, medical de-
partment of, VII., 349; govern-
ment disadvantages in transpor-
tation lines, VIII., 40; quarter-
master general, VIII., 46; sup-
plies for army, VIII., 52; clothing
the army, VIII., 54; subsistence
department, army supplies, VIII.,
.54; quartermaster's department,
contracts made in England, VIII.,
56; glimpses of the army, VIII.,
105 seq., 106; photographs,

VIII. , 106, 171; armv, efliciencv
of, VIII., 112; soldiers, VIIL,
133; of '61, VIII., 137 seq.; sta-
tistics of independent military
companies of, VIII., 141; in the
field, 155 seq.; soldiers at drill,
VIII., 1.59; soldier at work, VIII.,
161; wall tent^, VIII., 165; canui,

VIII. , 171; secret service, VIII.,
285 seq.; signals intercepted at
Three Top Mountain, Va., VIII.,
326; headquarters at Gettv.sburg,
Pa., VIIL, 337; battcrv at York-
town, Va., VIIL, 371; bill for re-
turning flags, IX., 38; government,
organization of, IX., 44; Congress,

IX. , 2.SS; battle flags, return of,

IX. , 330; fl.a's, return of, IV., .331 ;
army, losses of, X., 148; army,
summary of organization, X.,
150; regiments, some casualties
of, X., 156; regimental losses X.,
158.

"Confederate Veteran, The," I., 19;

X. , 296.

Confederate Veterans, The United,

X., 296.
Conger, E. J., IV., 329.

Congress, U. S. R., L, 358; VI., 36
seq., 82, 156, 157, 166, 312.

Conkle's Battery, II., 324.

Connally, R., VIIL, 111.

Connecticut: population in 1860,
VIIL, 58; number troops lost,
VIIL, .59; number troops furn-
ished, VIIL, 59.

Connecticut troops:

Artillery, Heavy: First, I., 69,
276; III., 153 seq., 186; V., 26,
28, seq., 51; oflicers of, V., 78, 171.

.irtillery, Lii/ht: First, I., 366;
III., 184; v., 23; battery, Tyler's,
three guns of, IL, 87.
Camlry: First, I., 362.
Infantry: First, I., 348; VIIL,
62; Second, I., 348; VIIL, 62;
Third, L, 151, 348; Third, at
Camp Douglas, VIIL, 63; Fourth,
v., 78; Fifth, IL, 25; Sixth. I.,
360, 366; IL, 326; Scv. nih. I.,
360, ,366; IL, 320, 3.5(i; Ki-hili,
L, 358; Ninth, IL, ;320; Ti uth,
I., 3.56, 35S; IL, 348; Eleventh,
L, 358; Twelfth, 330, 332; Thir-
teenth, IL, 130; .'Sixteenth, IL,
352; Eighteenth, IL,, 336; Twentv-
third. IL, 336; Twenty-ninth
(colored), VIIL, 62; Thirtieth
(colored), VIIL, 62; Twenty-first,
IL, 348.

Connecticut. V. S. S., VII., 337.

Connor, .1., X., 4; X , 385.

Connor, P. E., X., 195.

Connor, S., X., 309.

"Conquered Banner," IX., 240, 243,
246.

Conrad, H., IV., 70.
Conrad, .T., X., 217.
Conrad's Ferrv, Md., V., 100.
<;>nst,Uati„n. V. S. S., VI., 195.

(■,>nstd,it,„n. I . S. S., VI., 19, 44,

4.5, 05, .!I2; IX., 33.
Constitutional Convention, VIIL,
110.

Continental Iron Works, N. Y.,
VI., 130.

"Continuous hammering," the pol-
icy of U. S. Grant, III., 24, 25.

"Contraband" articles, VI., 76.

"C^)ntrabands," runaway slaves,

VI. , 70; IX., 177, 181.
Contractors, dishonest in fulfillment

of contracts, VIIL, .54.
Contributors to the "Photographic

History of the Civil War." I., 7.
Convalescent camp: Camp Nelson,

N. Y., VII., 314; Alexandria, Va.,

VII. , 270, 279, 287, 333.
Cook, A. M., L, 36(1.; V., 27.
Cook, G. S.: his pholograpljic skill,

L, 23, 24, 31, 42, 99, 100, 101;
III., 170 seq.; VL, 267; VIIL, 31,
131.

Cook, H. H., IX., 311.
Cook, P., X., 265.
Cooke, G. B., X., 71.
Cooke, G. R., VII., 125.
Cooke, J. K., X., 381.
Cooke, ,1. W., VL, 87, 320.
Cooke, St. G., IV., 47, 62, 220, 221,
225.

Cooking: in camp, VIIL, 32; V)v

privates, VIIL, 120, 149; outfits,

200, 301.
Cookman, G., VIL, 17.
Cooks in the Army of the Potomac,

VIIL, 300.
Cooley, S. A., L, .35, 42.
Cooley, photographer, Armv of

Teiin.. VIIL, 35.
Coon, D. E , IIL, 70.
Cooper, D. H.: IL, 324, 342;X.,27.5.
Cooper, J., X., 211.
Cooper, ,1. A., X., 93, .305.
Cooper,,!. H.: battery of, L, 32,23;

IIL, 176, 177,178.
Cooper, S., VIL, 106; X., 242, 243.
Cooper's Battery, IIL, 17().
Coosaw River, Port Royal, .S. C,

I., 357.
Copehart, H., X., 311.
Coi)eland. .1. T., X., 215.
Copp, E. ,1., L, 14.
Corbett, B., VIL, 207.
Corbin, Commander, U. S. N., VL,

47.

Corbin, H. C, X., 3.37.

Ct.rbin. T. G., VL, 127.

Ciirbv, Father, at Battle of Gettv.s-
burg, VIIL, 100.

Corcoran, M.: I., 44; V., 76; his
officers in Corcoran, \"a., V., 77;
VIL, 38. 29, 47, 58; VIIL, 72.

Cf>rcoran, W. W., X., 4.

Corinth, Miss.: I., 118, 126, 198,
21S, 236, 362,364; IL, 9; assault
on, II. , 137; Tishomingo Hotel,
II., 138, 139; Battery Williams
at, IL, 140, 142; Rosecrans
holds firm, IL, 142; Battery
Robinett at. IL, 145; strategic
advantages gained bj- the evacua-
tion of, bv the Confederates, in
1862, IL, 146; Battery Williams,
IL, 147; S(juthern assault on. ob-
ject of, II. , 148; winter quarters
at, II. , 149; arrangement of
battle-lines at, IL, 1.50; photog-
raphers in, IL, 151; vivid picture
of assault on, IL, 1.52; Battery
Williams, IL, 153; Ohio, Eightv-
first Reg., IL, 153; Battery
Robinett, IL, 1.53; Battery
Powell, II., 1.54; Battery Robi-
nett, IL, 156; Battery Williams,
IL, 156; Provost Marshal's head-
quarters, IL, 157; Federal troops
at, IL, 158, 1.59; Battery Robi-
nett, IL, 1.58, 1.59, 160; Union and
Confederate losses at the battle
of, IL, 160, 166, 324; Corona
College, VIL, 233; 111. I'ifty-
seventh Inf. on parade at, VIII.,
358; losses at, X., 142, 156.

Cornwallis, Marquis of: V., 30 seq.;
scene of surrender of, IX., 385;
321; headquarters, Yorktown,
Va., used as hospital, VIL, 359.

Corona College, Corinth, Miss.,
VIL, 2.33.

Corps, Union, history of, X., IB&seq,

Corps, Union:

First, I. ,307; Sigel's division, IL,
.33; crossing the Rappahannock,
IL, 91, 110; Reynolds' divis-
ion, IL, 322; Siger.s division, II. ,
322; IL, 324, 326, 328, 334, ,340,
346; rV., 235; V., 68; X., 186. 234.

Second, I., 295, 297; IL, 27,61;
Sedgwick's division, II., 05,
97, 110; Richard.son's division,
IL, 320, 322, 324, 328, 330, 334,
340, 344, 346, 350; IIL, 37, 43,
45, 56, 62, 71. 77, 82, 84, 86, 90,
180, 181, 190, 196, 311, 318, 322,

321, 326, 328, 330, 338, 340, 344,
346; IV., 119, 167, 272; V., 68;
VIL, 1,54; v., 170, 240; VIL, 300;
hospital, Gettvsburtr, Pa., VIL,
301; VIIL, 102, 198, 2.52; losses
of, X., 159, 234.

Third, I., 70, 71; Kearney's
division, I., 366; IL, 21, 322; Mc-
Dowell'.s division, II.,21, 25, 110,
320, 322; Hooker's division, IL,
320, 322. 326, 328, 334, 340, 342,
346; IIL, 318; V., 68; Provo.st-
Marshals of, VIL, 191; at Brandy
Station, Va., VIL, 309; X., 194,
234.

Fourth, Casey's division, I.,
291 seq. \ L, 333; Couch's division,
IL, 324, 346, 348, 350; IIL,
110. 218, 254, 320, 322, 326, 338,
340; VIIL, 205, 210; IX., 115;
X., 196.

Fifth Corps, I., 51, 70, 324;
Morell's division, I., 343: IL,
110, 2.53, .■J22, 324, 328, 334, 340,
344, 346; IIL, 37, .58, 74, 81, 82,

90, 170, 181, 318, 322, 324, 326,
328, 330, 332, 338, ,340, 342, 344;
IV., 107, 207, 220; V., 21, 36, 220;
VIIL, 2.52; IX., 243: X., 198.

Sixth Corps, I., 22, 23, 51; IL.

91, 110, 113; Sedgwick's Division,
IL, 123, 126, 324, 328, 334, 336,
,340, 346; IIL, 37, 43, 48, 56, 57,
82, 84, 86, 146, 152. 157, 162,
]66, 181, 196, 288, 293, 294, 318,

322, 326, 328, 3.30, 332, 338, 342,
344, 346; IV., 43; train of supply
wagons of, IV., 101 seq.; V., 16,
27, 49; VIL, 308; VIIL, 65, 198,
204, 231, 252; IX., 109, review,
X., 163, 200.

Seventh Corps, IL, 352; IIL,
322; X., 202; Department of
Arkansas, X., 202, 204.

Eighth Corps, IIL, 165, 328,
330, 332, 338; X., 204.

Ninth Corps, I., 43; Sturgis's
Division, IL, 73. 97, 322, .324,
328, 334, 340, 344, 346; IIL,
34, 37, 67, 82, 84, 90, 181, 190.
195, 198, 200, 204, 282, 294, 318.
322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334,
338, 344; medical officers of,

I2d Ed,]

[ 330]

cours

INDEX

DEER

Corps, t 'iiion — Continucil.

VII. , 'JIO; suwDiis of. VII.. rji.
2SI; li'iiviiis; Aiinia Crrrk in
Ki'l>.. isr,:(, VIII., :{J; mrrlKinics
of. VIII., LSI, 21)1; rliMplaiMs of,

VIII. , -m; IX., 145; X., 20ii.
'I'cnih .\rrnv Corp.-;, I., 42;

III., 2(),S, ;i2(), 321, 322, .324, 32(i,
32S, 330, 332, 338, 340; VI., 313;
X., 210.

Eleventh Corps, II., 110, 112,
119. 334, 340, ,34(1; X., 212.

Twelfth Corp.s, II., UO, 324,
334. 310, 340; IV., UiT; VII.,

I, S1; X., 214.

Tliiiiceiilh Corp.s, II., 328,
330. 331, 340, 346, 352; III., 328,
340, 344; V., 4G; X., 210.

Fourteenth Corps, II., 340,
342, 344, 341), 34S, 3.")0; III.,
110, 222, 320, 322, 320, 330, 340,
314: IX., 11.5; X., 21S.

Fifteenth Corps. II., 330, 332,
334. 310. ;il 1, .310; III., 120, 222,
227, 231, 2.!3, 230, 23',l, 210. 32tl,
322, .320, :i2s, ,t:io, :i:!s. ;il2, 311;
v., 40; VIII., 20S. 310; X., 220.

■SixteiMltll Corps, II., 331, .310,
.310. .3IS. 3.")0, 3.">2; III., :i20, 322,
,320. 32S. 3.30, 310. 311; X., 222.

Seventeenth Corps, II., 330,
334, 314, 34(), ,31S, :<,:,{). 3.')2; III.,
lis, 222, 320, 322, 320, 32s. 330,
.340, .342, 344, 31.-.; V., Hi; X., 221.

iMKhteenth Corps, III., M,
SO, 00, 92, 190, 20S, 320, 321,
322, 324, 326, 328, 338; V., 49,
240; X., 224, 226.

Nineteenth Army Corps, I., 77,
Grover'.s Division, II., 130. 332,
350,3.52; III., 1.52, 151. 157, 100,
320, 326, 330, 332, 338; VI., 313;
X., 163, 228.

Twentieth Corps, II., 340, 344,-
III., 110, 13S, 222, .320, 322, 326,
330, 33S, 340, 344, 347 seq.\ IX.,
99.; X., 163, 228, 230.

Twentv-first Corps, II., 340,
344; X., 230.

Twentv-seeond Corps, IV.,
173; X., 230.

Twentv-third Corps, II., .346;
III., 218, 2.54, 320, 322, 338, 340,
342; X., 232.

Twenty-fourth Armv Corps,

III. , 293, 342, 344, 346; X., 232.
Twenty-fifth Corps, III., 342,

X., 232, 234.
Corps, Cavalry, Union:

Cavalry Corps, II., 3.30; III.,
322; IV., 126; great activity of,
from May 5th-AuKust 1, 1864,
ly., 128; Sauth Car.ilina Expe-
diti )nal Corps, X., 236: of Army
of the Potomac, X., 238; Firs"t
Div., III., 322; X., 234. 236;
Sec )nd Div.. III., 322; IV., 233;
Third Div., " booti and saddles,"

IV. , 39; ammunition-tram of, X.,
217.

Corps, Confederate Army, X., 240
seq.\ Swell's R. S., III., 86; V.,
132; Hardee's, W. J., III., 318:
v., 70; Hill's, D. H., II., 230;
Hood's, J. B., v., 48; Jackson's.
T. J., ■■Stonewall." II., 63, 322,
324; Longstreet's. J., II., 322, 324,
344, 346, 348; v., 72; Polk's,!,. K.,

II. , 330, 344; V.,70; Price's, Ster-
ling, II., 324; Cavalry, of the
Arm.v of Northern Virginia, IV.,
76-114; Engineer, loss of records,
v., 256; works around Richmond,
Va., v., 260; Engineers, Virginia,
v., 256, 258; Third Corps, artil-
lerv equipment, V., 70: VIII., 166;
Wheeler's Corps, X., 268.

■■Corps D'Afrique," II., 205.
Correspondents, War, VIII., 393.
Corse, ,1. M., II., 304; III., 216,

218; X.,89.
Corse, M. D., X.,317.
Corvdon, Ind., IV., 134.
Coryphans' V. S. S.. II., 330.
Coston .signals, VIII., 316.
Cotloii. C. S. S., II„ 330.
Cotton: exports of, by the South in

1860 and 1861, VI., 26; increased

value of, VI., 123; importance of.

to Confederacy in '61, VI., 30. 32.
Cotton Plant. Ark. (see also

Bavou Cache, Ark.), I., 368.
Couch. D. N.: II., 94, 108, 328, 334;

X., 179, 190.
Courier, Tlie. Rome, Ga., IX., 31.

Couriers: IV., iSt'i; or de.spatch
bearer, one instance of risk ttiken
by, IV., r.ls, 200; the most dar-
ing and swiftest during the war,
IV., 200, 202; I'nion and their
hard-ridden horses, IV., 210, 211.

Coiirtland Hriilgi', Al i., I., 30s.

Court-niartial, VII., 181.

Courtney, W, A., VIII., 167.

Cove Spring, .-Ma.. II., "iJ?.

"C'mx-T Them Over With Hi'autiful
Flowers," E. F. Stewart, IX., 35t).

Covington, Ga., III., 22S.

CoeiiK/tun, U. S. S.: III., 31S; VI.,
230.

Cowan, .\., and his men, V., 'ii),
31, 47; X., 2.

Cowan, ,1. B., VII., 212, 244.

Cowan's batter'/: V., 31, 36, 47; at
Cettv.sbur..;, I'a., IX., :J17.

Cox. .1. I).: 1., .301; II., 27. 74: III.,
104, 254; IX., 107: X., 87, 20S.

C.)x, \V. R., X., ••SI.

Ciixe, .1. 1!.: i|uavli is .at Brandv
Station. Va , IX., 3.>l.

('o\i'\'s l.anduiii, \a . III., 27.

■■('ra<-ker Line," from Keile\'s
Fcrrv, Teim,, II., 207, llii^ op.ai-
ing of, II., 297. 2'.l!l; Hooker's
famous. VIII.,

C.x's l.alldlle', \ a . VII., 97, 99.

Crain's Art.. ( ■i.iil.'d. i ale, I., 350.

CraiiLpton's Cap, -Md , II., 66.

Crane, C. II., VII., 224.

Crane, .1., II., 1 11.

Crane, I,. H. D., II., 2.5.

Craney Island, Va., VI., 314.

"Crater," thi' mine before Peters-
burg, Va., III., 193.

Craven, T. A. M.. VI., 131, 2.52.

Craven, T. T.: I., 227; VI., 190,
200, 295. •>!(7, 29S, 300.

Crawhsli Spriic', Ga., II., 383.

Crawford, S. W.: with staff of, II,,
•^,i; III., 2S4, 324.

Crawford Sixth Virginia Cavalry,
VII., 147.

Crenshaw, A. D., VIII., 113.

Crescent, U. S. S., VII., 165.

■■Crescent Regiment," New Or-
leans, La., IX., 343.

Crew's Farm, \'a., I., 3liO.

Crickd, (I. S. S.: VL, 01. 221, 232.

Crittenden. G. H.. I., ISO; II., 344;
VIIL, 103; X., 260.

Crittenden. U. I)., VII., 133.

Crittenden, T. L.: I., 43, 208, 300;
II., 170, 274, 331; VU., 215; VIIL,
103; X., 193, 230.

Crittenden, T. T., X., 303.

Crocker, M. M.. X., 305.

Cromwell, ().. IX., 128.

Crook, G.: IIL, 14s, 1.52. 1.54. 158,
162, 324, 320, 332, 311; IV., 87,
114, 2.58; quoted. VIIL, 275; X.,
177, 178.

Crooked Run, Front Royal, Va.,
IIL, 328.

Crosbv, G. B., X., 369.

Crosby, P.. VL, 190. 30,8.

Cross, D. R., II., 69.

Cross, E. E., I., 279; VIIL, 103.

Cro.ss Keys, Va.: I., 309, 310, 366;
IV., 102.

Cross Lanes, W, Va., L, 350.

Croxton. J. T.: IIL, 252; IV., 140;
X., 307.

Cruft, C, II., 318; X., 87, 303.

Cruisers; Confederate, captured
vessels fitted out as, VI. , 82; de-
struction wrought by, VL, '20,
25, 36; first to get to sea, VI. , 80;
prizes of, VI. , 290 seq.; the first
ijuilt with (!'onfederate fund.s,
VL, 291, 292, 293, 299.

Crump Hill, La., II., 3.50.

Crump's Landing, Tenn., I., 200
seq., 206.

Cub Run, Va., II., 45; V., 20 srq.

Culbertson's Art., Confederate, I,,
356.

Cullmann, F., quoted, X., 124.

Culhmi, (',. W.. VII., 330.

Culpeper. \'a.: L, :J9: IL, 38, .57,
•J'iS, 314: .\Iea.le'- headquarters
at. IL, 34.5; street-^ of. IIL, 31;
IV., 101; v., :J4 ,s..,,; man-ion of
J. M. Botts, VII., 195 seq.; .lohn
M. Botts and family, VII., 197;
VIIL, 124.

Culpeper Court House, Culpener,
Va.: II. , 10, 21, 2<;. 2s, 339; IIL,
17, 2s, :iO. .il- IV., 92. 100, 118,
233; v., 32 seq.-. C.nfederate pris-
oners confined at, VIL, 33.

Culp's Hill, (letly.sburg. Pa., IL,

•i31, 238, 257.
Culp's House, Ga,, IIL, 322.
Cumberland, In<i„ IIL, 34(i; IV.,

114.

Cumbcrlaii.l. \ L, 374, ''75.

Ciimh, ,l,nrl. [ . S. S., I., 3.5S; VL,
:iO sr./., S2, 100, 102, 150, 106,
3li», 308, 312.

Cumlierland, Department of, IL,
2!I0.

Curiil.cilaii.l Gap, Ky., I., 180.

Cuiiili. ilaiid Gap, Tenn., L, 366;
II. , .313, 3 12,

Cumberland Iron Works, Tenn.,
IL, 322, 330.

Cumberl.nid Landing: I., 51, 274,
2.S2 srq.; I'Vd'-ral ca\-alr\' camp
at, IV., 47 ,-.,,; I oll. rrs House,
VIIL, bL%ou:,r, IX., 133.

Cumberl.and Mountains, Ky., II. ,
177. 274.

Cumberland R.ivine, Ga.: trestle
over, v., 2!I7: trestle below the
Chat tahooi lue bridge, military
tram on, V., •i»9.

Cumberland liiver, Tenn.: II. , 100;
railroad bridge across, IV., 1.5.5;
VL, 209, 318.

Cumlterl.aiid Vallej*. Tenn,: \'iew
from .\ashville Military Acad-
emy. IV., 1.5,5.

Cuinming, ,\., X., 36,5.

CumniinL's, S. \V., VL, 301.

Cummings' Point, Fort Johnson,
S. C, IL, 333.

Cunningham, J., VIIL, 151.

Cunningham, J. S., VL, 137.

Cunningham, S. A., I., 14, 19; X., 7,
37, 290.

Curlew, C. S. S.. I., 35(i.

Curtis, B. R., VIL, 202.

Curtis, G. W., IX., 34.

Curtis, N. .M.. X., Tit.

Curtis, S. Ii.. I., 385; IL, 194; VIL,
190, 201 : X., 17(!.

Gushing. A. H.: IL, 265; IV., 322;
IX., 217.

Gushing, S. T., VIIL, 308.

Gushing. W, B.: IL, 205; IIL, 338;
IV., '257, 270; VI., 322.

Cushnian. Pauline, a Federal spy,
VIIL, •>73.

Custer, G. A.: I., 289 seq.; IIL, 42,
100, 101, 332, 33.8, 340; IV., 11,
29. 01, 90, lOS, 110, 122, 128, 234,
236, 250, 251, 252, 2.58, 259,
260, 261, 202, 375 seq.; 282, 297;
VIIL, 190, :.',34.

Custis, G. W. P., IX., 125; X., 57.

Custis, M.. IX., 125, 228.

Custis, Marv 1,.. X., 57.

Custis Marv H.. X., 54.

Cutler, E. .j., IX., 78, 80.

Cutler, L., X., 399.

Cutt's Artillery, Confederate, I.,
356.

Cuyler, R. M., V., 170.
Cuyler. U. S. S., IIL, 342.
Cynthiana, Kv., I., 3(38; IIL, 324.

D

Da Costa, B. VIL, 220.

Dabney, R. f!., X., 103.

Dabney's Mills, Va., IIL, 342.

Dacotah, C. S. S., VI., 48, 109.

Daguerre, L. J., and his daguerreo-
type, I., 38.

Dahlgren. J. A.: I., 100; IL, 342;
IIL, 227, 230; VL, 33. 43, 120,
173; and staff, VL, 1*36; VIIL,
.334, 335; IX., 334.

Dahlgren, U : L, 113; IL, 350; IV.,
96. 131 seq.. 122, 123, 124; guns,
v., 33. 3()S: VL, 60.

Dnidin. V. S. S., VL, 338.

Dailv life of the soldier in 1801,
VIIL, ,88.

D. A. ./ntiunry, V. S. hospital ship,
VIL, 318, 319.

Dallas, Ga., IIL, 114, 116, 322,

Dallas, Mo., I., 350.

Dalton, Ga.: I., 128. 130; IL, 177,
274, 2S3, 311, 31S: IIL, 10. 10.5,
100. 122. 120, 130, 21S, 332; en-
trencltments. Confederate, at, V.,
20S; Atlanta campaign. VIL, 206;
VIIL, 325.

"Dan," the horse of Gen'l Mc-
Clellan, IV., 304.

Dana, E. L., IL. .324.

Dana, N. J. T.. X., 217.

Dandelion, U. S. S., IIL, 236.

Dandridge, S. IV., .'iOO.
Dandridge, Tenn., II. , 348.
Daniel, J., IIL, 70, .320; X., 15.5.
Dam.'l, J., Jr., X., 2.
JJiiiiiel 11 1 /,,'i/(.T, r. S. hospital boat,

VIL, 336.
Dantzler battery, of Virginia, VL,

205.

Danville, Kv., IL, .■i:i2.
D.aiiville, \ a., IIL, 300.
Danville Railroad, \ a., IIL, 280.
I).irb\ town Road, Va., III., 332.
Darksville, Va., IIL, 326.
DariK'stown, Md. (see also Pritch-

ard's .Mills, Md.), I., .■J.52.
"DauglitiT of the' Regiment," C.

.Seollard. IX., 71.
Daughters of tlie Confederacy, I.,

14, 19: of Charleston. S. C, I.,

100; IX., 347.
Daugliter-i of \ eterans, X., 296.
Damn'-; HaileiA, I'nion, I., 3.56.
Dauphin Island, Ala., VL, 2.53.
Davenport, Iowa, prison at, VIL,

(i6.

Daviil, C. S. S., VL, 367, 320.
Davidson, C. ( '.. I., 179.
Davidson, H.. VI. , 79.
Davidson, H. H., X., '399.
Davidson, J. W., IL, 342, 344; X.,
311.

Davies, H. E., X., 95.

Davies, T. A., II. , 1.50, 1.52, 324.

Davis, C. E.. VIIL, .Vi7.

Davis, C. II. : I., 94, 221, 240,
245, 249; IL, 194, 198. 200,
238, 284; VL, 35, .58, 100, 115,
1.50, 169, 220, 223, 314.

Davis, E. J.. X., .307.

Davis. G., X., 13.

Davis. (!. B., VIL, 98.

D.avis, H., X., 301.

Davis, J.: L, 83, 202, 283, 296;
elected Provisional President of
the Confederate .States of Ameri-
ca, I., 340: inaugurated Pre.sident
of the Conf<'derate .States at
Montgomery, Ala., I., 3 10, 307;
IL, 24; IIL, 1.'30, 210, 2(0, 2s3,
298, 302, 304, 310, 34ii; IV., 290;
v., 1.58; VL, 74, 114, 290; VIL,
26, 52, 103, 104, 117, 173, 17<i,
199, 207, 210, 212, 239 292,
.351; VIIL, 2.54, 282; quoted. IX.,
93, 388; children of, IX., '389;
quoted, IX., 290; election of. IX.,
291; inauguration of, IX., '391,
293; when captured, IX., 395; as
prisoner, IX., 295; flight south,

IX. ,295; bail-bond of, IX., 397; in-
dictment of , IX., 299; .afier ri'lease
from prison, IX.. 299; X., 40, 02,
68.

Davis, Mrs. J., IX., 288, 289, 293.
Davis, J. C: IL, 172; IIL, 111, 112,

120; X., 76, 189, 220.
Davis, J. R., X., 277.
Davis, M., IX., 289.
Davis, V. A., '■Winnie," IX., 2.89.
Davis, W. G. M., X., 361.
DaWs, W. H., son of JelTerson

Davis, IX., 2,89.
Davis' Bridge, Miss., XL, 160.
Daijlit/ld, V. S. S.: L, 362; VL,

316.

Dav's Gap, Ala., IL, 333.
Day's Point, Va., V., 306.
Dayton, L. M., I., 348.
"Dead Line," at Ander-sonville, Ga.,

VIL, 175.
Dean, F. J., X., 292.
Dearing, J., IIL, 3.30; X., 157.
Deas. Z. C. X., 355.
De Camp. J., VL, 190.
Decatur. Ahi.: IL, 297; IIL, 322,

338; VL, 233; officers' quarters

at, VIIL, 307; pontoon-bridge at,

VIIL, -307.
Decatur. Ga., IIL, 138.
Decatur, 111., home of the G. A. R.,

X. , 292.

Declaration of Independence II.,
2.34.

Decoration Day odea, IX., 28.
De Courcy, J. F., IL, 185.
Dechard, 'Tenn.: Elk River bridge

at, II.,373.
Deeds of valor. IX., 56 seq.
Deems, J. M.. X., 311.
Deep Bottom. Va.: IIL, 326;

IV., 242; pontoon-bridge at,

v., 241.

Deep Run, Va.. turnpike at. V., 320.
Deer, British blockade runner, VL,
265.

[2d Ed.]

[331]

DEER CREEK

INDEX

ERA

Deer Creek, Miss., II., 332.
Deerhound, English yacht, VI., 289,

302, 304.
Defence, C. .S. VI., liiL'.
Deford, J. W., VIII., ii:,.
De Forrest, S., VII., 13;{.

Deitzicr, a. \v., X., -m.

De K.dh, v. S. S., II., 332.

De Kav, D., VIII., SI.

Delafield, C, V., 21.

De Lagr.el, ,J. X., V., 170

Delawiiie: enlistments in the war,

VIII., 102.
Delaware troops:

Ariillerii: Keniner's .\rt., .-\lex-

andria, Va., V., 11(1.

Inf.uitnj: VuM. VIII., 102; X.,

124.

Delaware, V. S. S.: I., 350; VI., .54.
De Leon, a Confederate surgeon,

VII., 222.
Dennis, E. S., X., 301.
Dennison, W. N., I., 387.
Dent, F. T., IX., 113.
Denver, .1. W., X., 195.
Departments:

Cumberland, the cavalry forces
of, X., 236.

Gulf, the, VIII., 24.S.

North Carolina, the, V., 70.

Ohio, the, VIII., 276.

Pacific, the. IX.,!I3.

South, the. III.. 326.

Texas, the. VII., 28 seq.

Trans- Missis.sippi, V., 2.5S.

Virginia and North Carolina, X.,
178.

D'Epineul Zouaves, VIII., 80.
De Russv, G. A., X., 2t\.
Deshler. J., II., 28S; X., 153.
Desolations of the war, IX., 273.
De Soto, I., 221, 240.
Destroyed village, IX., 373.
"Destruction of war," photografihic

illustrations of. III., 343, 343.
De Trobriand, P. R., VIII., 72, 97;

X., 333.

Detroit, Mich.: raises a loan for
state war equipment, VIII., 71;
mustering a regiment, VIII., 74.

D'Utassv, VIII., 80.

Deveaux's Neck, S. C, III., 340.

Devens, C: II., 01, 117, .334; X.,
315, 296.

Devil's Back R.mc, .\rk.. II., 342.

Devil's Den, I., 70; II., 348, 349.

Devin, T. C: IV., 242, 248; and
staff, IV., 349. 2.-)S, 3li0, 361.

Dewees. I.icut ., IV., 315.

Dewpv, (;., VI., 319.

Dew. v, .1. \., X., 3:{5.

Dia„n, C. S. S., II., 332.

Diam:. I . S S.. II., 330, .332.

Dibrell, G. G., X., 395.

Dickinson, J., war students of
two continents, I., 113; X., 309.

"Dictator": the 17,000 potmd mor-
tar, and its operators. III., 184,
185, 186, 187; travelling Cochorn
mortar, V., .51.

Dictator, U. S. S., VI., 130.

Dill's Branch, Tenn.: I., 204 seq.,
20,5.

Dimick, J., VII., 56, 65.

Dinwiddle Court House, Va. : III.,
284, 344; IV., 2.58; IX., 243.

DipIoin.acy: Confederate, VI., 32,
291; Federal, VI., 35, 399; For-
eign, of Russia,! I] Civil 'VVar. VI.,31.

Discipline, .lilh. ull ics of, VIII., 86.

District of ('<>luml)ia troops:

Camlr)/: First, III., 31.S, 332;
IV., 329; VIII., 282; colored, III.,
322.

Dix, J. .\.: VII., 102, 104, 109, 196,

346; VIII., 291 ; X., 185, 202.
Dix, Mrs. J. .\., VII., 2.59.
"Dixie," A. Pike, IX., 164.
"Dixie, "Dan Emmet, I. ,16; IX. ,347.
"Dixie," J. .Savage, IX., 34s.
Dixie, ship, VI., 122.
Dixon, G. E., VI., 276.
Dobbin Ferrv, Tenn., II., 326.
Dockery, T. P., X., 359.
Doctor's gig on the Mississippi,

VII., 317.
Dodd, H. W., VIII., 381.
Dodge, G. M.: I., 19; III., :M6; X.,

31, 24, 222.
Dodge, T. A.: III., 278; IX., 101-

103; quoted, IX., 106; X., 120.
Doiige, V. S. S., VI., 82.
Doles, G., III., .58; X., 15.5.
Dolphin, U. S. S.. VI., .54.
Donaldson, E., VI., 190, 193.

Donaldson, a messenger of the State

Department, VI., 35.
Donaldsonville, La.: I., 250; II.,

331, 340, 342.
DoneLson, D. S., X., 137.
Donelson, Fort, Tenn. (see also Fort

Donelson, Tenn.), I., 184, 356.
Donelson, "Tenn., surrender of, I.,

192.

Donner, Lieut., VII., 389.
Donohoe, M. .1., II., .337.
Doolittle, C. C, X., 315.
Doren, D.: VIII., 351, 3<)I, 303, 366,
367.

' 'Doroth v( ).,"(). W. Holmes, IX.,33.

Doubledav. A,: II., ,\N, 241, 243;
IV., 235: v., 411; IX., 331; X., 1,86.

Doughty, .1., VIIL, 381.

Douglas, 11. K.: (juoted, II., 60, 62;
X., 103.

Douglas, H. T., I., 105.

Douglas, R. H.. VL, 113.

Douglas, S. A., VII., 23; IX., 251.

Douglas Landing, .\rk.. III., 342.

Douty, J., III., 200.

Dover, Tenn. (see also Fort Donel-
son, Tenn.), I., 184, 356; VI., 209.

Dow, E. C, III., 186.

Dow, N., VII., 45, 164; X., 309.

Dowdall's Tavern. Va., II., 119.

Downie, M., I., 147.

Dowson, G. W., I., 87.

Draft aninuds in military service,
VIIL, 50.

Draft riots in New York City, II.,
342.

Draijon, V. S. S., VI., 318.
Drainesville, Va., I., 3.54, 356.
Dral;e, J. F., L, 18.
Drancsville, Va., IV., 7,^.
Drawings made on field. VIIL, 31.
Drayton, P.: VI., 242, 343; IX., 107.
DraVton, T. F.: I., 3.54; VI., 270;

home of, IX., 353; X., 283.
"Dreaming in the Trenches," W.

G. McCabe, IX., 150.
"Dred Scott" case, VII., 202.
Dredge boat, Dutch Gap canal,

Va., v., 345.
Dresden, Ky., I., 362.
Dreux, C. D., L, 91.
Dreux's Louisiana battalion, VIIL,

149.

Drew, C. H., VII., 63.

Drewry's Bluff, Va.: I., Ill, 119,
276; IIL, 11, 320, Federal
failure to take. III., 93-98; V.,
243, 310, 312, 315, 317; VL, 182.
314.

Drigg, E., X., 2.

Drill for removing wounded, VII.,
397.

Drillard, J. P., X., 19.

Drilling recruits, VIIL, 182, 184.

"Driving Home the Cows," K. P.

Osgood, IX., 236.
Droop Mountain. \'a., II., 340.
Drum, R. C.: suggest.-., return of

Confederate battle-flags, IX., 36.
Drumgould's Bluff, Miss., VI., 207,

316.

Drummer Bovs: N. Y. Eighth Reg.,
VIIL, 179; in full dre.'is. VIIL,
195; off duty, VIIL, 19.5, 237;
Confederate, VIIL, 383.

"Drum-taps," Walt Whitman, IX.,
21, 254.

Dry Forks, Mo. (see also Carth-
age. Mo.), I , .348.

Dry Wood, Mo., I., 3.50.

DrVer, H., IV., 231.

Duane, J. C, V., 240.

Du Barry, W. D., VII., 135.

Dubois, b. M., X., 265.

Ducat, A. C, X., 19.

Duck River, Tenn., VL, 69, 318.

Duff, W., X., 49.

Duff, W. L., IX., 113.

Duffie, A. N.: IL, 25; IIL, 324, 326;
IV., 88, 177, 224, 226, 333 seq.

Dug Springs, Mo., I., 3.50, 307.

Dugan, ".Jiinmie," a bugler boy,
VIIL, 189.

Duganne, A. .1. II., VII., 96.

Duke, B. W.: IL, :i26; IV., 144,
148. 1.50:VIL.31, quoted, IX., .346.

Duhiiiv. R. H., IV.. 104.

Dumfries, Va., IL, 328.

Dumtny battery, .Seabrook Point,
S. C:. VIIL, 183.

"Dummy (!vuis," I., 163.

Duncan, A., VIIL, 109.

Duncan. .1. K., I., 234; X., 273.

Dunker's chapel, Antietam, Md.,
II., 70.

Dimn, W. S., I., 81.

Dunns Bayou, Red River, La., III.,
318.

Dimovant, .1., X., 157.

Du Pont, S. F.: L, .354, 357; II.,
351; VI., 47, 100; on deck of
Wabash with his officers, VL, 103,
115. 120, 12.5, 127, 171, 270, 271,
310, 311, 318; IX., 48, 51, 336.

Dupr^, G. W., VIL, 125.

Durham .Station, N. C: IIL, 247:
Bennett house near, IIL, 247;
VIL, 203.

Durvee, A., Fifth N. Y., VIIL, SO.
X., 331.

Dutch Gap, digging under

fire at, I., 49, 113, 119; IIL,
98; v., 1.33, 141, 343; dredge
boat at, v., 345, 305, .309, 315;
VL, 131; VIL, 11.5, 170; negro
pickets, IX., 179.

Dutton, A. II., X., 141.

Dutton Hill, Ky., IL, 332.

Duvall's Bluff, Ark., VL, 223.

Dwight, C. C., VIL, 105, 112.

Dwight, W., X., 223.

Dyei;, A. B., IX., 366.

''Dying Worfls of .Stonewall Jack-
.son," .Sidney Lanier, IX., 25.

Dyke, Major, Minnesota First Inf.,
L, 147.

E

Eads, .1. B.: I., 1,85, 216 seq., 223;
VI., 58, 129, 148, 150, 214; IX.,
271; Eads ironclads, VL, 144.

Eagle, H., VL, 45.

Early, .1. A.: L, 68, 116, 125, 131.
270; IL, 29, 113, 122, 128, 2.5(i,
346; IIL, 18, 56, 86, 90, 140, 142,
144, 145, 147, 149, 150, 153, 162,
1(54, 168, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332,
338, .-^O, 342; FV., 106, 248, 252,
260, 263, 268; attack on Washing-
ton, D. C, v., 27, 89, 106, 248,
2.50; VIL, 147; VIIL, 18; threat-
ened Wasliington, D. C, VIIL,
65, 109, 320, 329, 340: attack on
Washington, IX., 155, 261; X.,
160, 345, 248.

Earnshaw, W., X., 296.

E. .4. Stevens. U. S. S., VL, 314.

East Gtilf blockading sijuadron,
VL, 12.5.

East Point, .Miss., IIL, 138.

Ea.st Woods, Md., IL, 61.

Eastin, G. B . IV., 154, 156.

Ea.stman, T. W., VL, 242.

Eastport, Miss,, VIL. 14.5.

En^tport. C. S. S., VL, 312.

En.-itporl, V. S. S., VL, 228, 232.

Eaton, E. B., L, 18, .52.

Echols, J., IL, 346: X., 105.

Eckert, T. T.: VIIL, 346 seq.; X.,
21, 24.

Ediose, steamer, VI., 322.

Ector, M. D., X., 315.

Edisto Island, S. C, I., 3.59.

Edisto River, S. C, VL, 236.

Edward.s, A., IL, 297, 311.

Eilwards, C. T., VIL, 240.

E.hvards, .1., X., 205.

Edwards, .1. D.: L, 4, 42; V., 1.59;
VIIL, 31, 121.

Edwards, N. O : photographer, VL,
17; IX., 163.

Edwards, O., X., 213.

Edwards Ferry, \'a. (see also
Ball's Bluff, Va.), L, 348, 3.52;
VIIL, 88.

Egan, T. W., IIL, 76; X., 223.

Eggleston. G. C: I., 103, 312, 340;
quoted. III., 28, 39; IX., 166, 178.

"Eg\'pt," horse of U. S. Grant, IV.,
390.

Egypt .Station, Mi.ss., IIL, 342.

Election Day in 1864, plots of Con-
federates in New York and Chi-
cago, VIIL, .300, 302.

ElizaljPth, N. J., home of Winfield
Scott, X., 165.

Elizabeth City, N. C, I., 3.56.

Elizabeth Court House, W. Va.,
rV., 106.

Elizabeth River, Va.: V., 2.58; VI.,

1.57, 1.58.
Elizabethtown,Ky.:II.,328;IV.,148.
Elk Mount.tin. Md.: signal station

at, VIIL, 330, 331.
Elk River, Ala., I., 213, 362.
Elk River, Tenn.: bridge over, at

Pulaski, Tenn., L, 313, 213; IL,

137, 178, 342.

Elk River, near Dechard, Tciui ,

bridge <iyer, IL, 273.
Elkhorn, Ark., I., 365.
Elkhorn Tavern Ark., I., 358.
Elkins, J. A., VIL, 207.
Elkins Ferr\-, ,\rk.. IL, 3.52.
Ellerson's ^iil!, near Mechanicsville,

Va., L, 317, 322, 364, 366.
Ellet, A. W.: I., 240; VL, 3.5, 69,

151, 209, 314, 316.
Ellet, C, .Jr.: L, 236, 239 seq., 240

.■<eq.. 241. 242; death of, I., 246;

VL, 35. 83. 220.
Eliet, C. 1!., VL, 1.51, 220, 318.
lOUet. .1. .\., VL, 151.
Elliot, S., .Ir.: L, 100, 101; IIL, 191;

VL, 272: X., 1.57.
Elliott, Thomas, VIL, 181.
Elliott, W. L.: IIL, 31S; X., 87.
"p;iliott Ciravs." \'irginia Sixth

Inf., VIIL, .383.
Elliott's Salient, Petersburg, Va.,

IIL, 193. 195, 205.
Ellis, C. S. S., I., 356.
Ellis Ford. Va., Federal court mar-
tial .at, VIL, 181.
Ellis's Bluffs, I.a.. IL, 181.
Ellsworth, A. A. :IV., 148; VIIL, 302.
Ellsworth, v.. V..: zouaves of New

York Eleventh Inf., I., 165,

346, 351 seq.; a facsimile of last

letter of, L, 351; VI., 94; IX.,

346.

Elmira, N. Y.: prison at, VIL, 77;
prisoners at, VIL, 79; statistics
of mortality at, VIL, 81; only
view showing wliole camp, VIL,
81; Confederate prisoners es-
caped from, VIL, 147; artillery,
on guard at, VIL, 149; sentrj- on
guard at, VIL, 151; changing
guard at, VIL, 167.

"El.sie Venner," O. W. Holmes,
IX., 33.

Elson, H. W.: L, 7. 9, 10; IL. 7,
9; IIL, 11.

Eltham's Landing, Va., I., 302.

Ely, A., VIL, 2,57.

Ely, R., IIL, 301; X., 215.

Ely, Congressman, VIL, 178.

Ely's Ford, Va., IIL, 37; IV., 121.

Elyton, Ala., IV., 140.

Elzey, A., I., 360; X., 105.

Emancipatif)!! Proclanuitinn: I.,
65, 67; IL, .31. 78; written in tele-
graph offic.-, VIIL, 348.

Einerick, .1. H., VIIL, 361, 363.

Emma, V. S. S., IIL, 342.

Emmet, D., IX., 347.

Emniittsburg, JId.: IL, 238 seq.;
IV., 75, 80, 230.

Emmitsburg Road, Md., IV., .32.

Emniittsburg Road, Va., V., 74.

Emory, W. IL: IL, 332; IIL, 110,
1.54, 100. 332: X., 191, 228.

Emory College, Ga., IX., 29.

Empress, U. S. hospital boat, VIL,
318, 319

Enchantress, C. S. S. : VIL, 29, 34, 17.

Enfield lifle, VIIL, 82.

Engagements of the Civil War:
losses on both sides, August,
1802-Apri!, 18(>4, IL, 320-352;
IIL, 317.

Engineer officers: Confederate, lack
of training of, V., 2.58.

Engineer service: Confederate rem-
iniscences of the, v., 256.

England:

English criticism of the arniifs
of the North, I., 82, 84; English
and other foreign military men
with Union army, I., 117; Eng-
lish navy, VI. , 38; supplies pur-
chased from. Confederate, VlIL,
54; contracts with. VIIL, 56;
purchase of rifles. VIIL, 82.

English, E., VL, 314.

"Enlisted Soldiers," a song, IX.,
3.52.

Enlistments: from various slates,
VIIL, 102, 103, 141, 225, 251.

Entrenchments: Confederate en-
trenchments at Centreville, I.,
166; fortification, V., 193; obiec-
tionsto making. V., 191: rapidity
of construction, v., 196; Confeder-
ate, in the West, V., 200; method
of construction, V., 210 seq.; best
t.vpes of, v., 216; digging by Sher-
man's men, VIIL, 207.

Eolus, V. S. S., IIL, 342.

Equipment : expenses for each sol-
dier, VIIL, .56.

Bra, No. 5, C. S. S., VL, 318.

13d Ed ]

[332]

ERICSSON

INDEX

FORT HELL

lOiirssiiM, .1., VI., :>ii, i.ii), i:{5,
i;is. i7!>.

ICsciiix's Iroin prison: first pliicc in
liciu'ts of thousaiuls of pris-
oiiiTs, VII., I'M, iippcrinosl
idi'u in mind of pris(,ner n<'\t to
tli.'it of bciiid ('Nchaiiiieil, VII.,
liil l.'j2; inwiiioiis plans for,
VII., i:58, I 10. 112; one of tin;
most celehratcd onos, November
27. ISIW, liy Ci-v.. Moriran and
some of liis iMtiip.uiions. VII.,

110, l.")0, l."iL'. .•sr.ipr of I'llioM

oflieers from prisnri tunnclinj;,
VII., 142; tools useil l)V prison-
ers in, VII., 112, 111; Co!. Ma-
goHin's escape, .luly 24, 1802,
VII., 144; (Confederate prison at
.Salisburv. N. ('.. interestins
stories of. VII., 114. 140, MS;
Andersonville. VII., 148, 150.
Essex. V. S. I., 1N2 seq.; after
Fort Henrv. I., IHIi, 18.'.. 191, 223,
:i.-)l>, ;iiiS; II., Ktx; VI., 119, 187,
19.'), 214. 2111. 22(1, .'iUi.

Este. ('.. 1'., X., r.ir>.

Estes. I.. ( ;., X., ■•()!».

E.-<lrrl!.i. r. S. S.: II., VI., :n8.

Etowali HridKc, Cki., III., III.

Etowah K.ver, Ga.,III.,17, 112, 118.

"Eiilo[;\ of Sumner," L. Q. C. La-
mar. IX., :i01.

Eusii.v. (■.., IX., 209.

Euslis, II. 1... X., 313.

Evacuation of Johnsonville, Tenn.,
IV., 103 seq.

Evans, C. A., X., 363.

Evans, G. S., X., 195.

Evans, N. G.: I., 154 .'seq., 155, 157,
300; II., .59, 328; X., 385.

Evans, R. D.. VI., 259.

Kvansvilli'. Inil.: 1". .S. marine hos-
pit.al at. VII., 333.

Eve. 1'. I., VII., 351.

Eveiuifi l',>.-:i.i>l New York, N. Y.,
IX., :iU, 340.

Ewell, R. S.: I., 132, 308, 310, 311;
II., 22, 27, 28, 34, 47, 05, 231,
240, 243, 218, 254, 257, 320, 322,
330. 340; III., 38, 40. 43, 44, 54,
.50, .59, 02. isl. 318, 344, 340;
IV., 91, 2.34: V., 04; VIII., 120,
128. 240: att.ack of Ma\- 19, 1804,
IX., 77, 213: X.,345, 248.

Ewins, Ellen 15.,X.,80.

EwinK. H., X., 335.

Ewinf;, T., Jr., X., 307.

" Kxamin.Htion of p;i«<c<." VIII., 81.

" Excelsior Rrit^ade," IX., 78.

Exchange of prisoners. VII.. 97-
122; in the I'.ast and West, speci-
fied places for. VII., 99; condi-
tions an<l terms of, as put forth by
various otlici.ds of both sides; also
eontrt)versies and disagreements
in regard to, VII., 100, 102 seq.;
Confederate agent for the, VII.,
101; exchanges stopped bv order
of Gen. Grant, VII., 103, 118;
four Union oflicer.s prominent in
the arrangements for. VII., 105;
continuation of, in the usual way,

VII. , 108; in the East and West,
continuation of, in spite of sus-
pension of cartel, VII., 112; de-
mand for and pleadings on all
sides in favor of the re-establish-
ment of, VII., 118, 120, 122; vari-
ous propositions for, VII., 120,
122; again begun after January
24, 1805; VII., 122; exchange
agents for the North and .South,
agreement of. for the raising of
money for prisoners' use. VII., 174.

Exhibition at Philadelphia, Pa.,

IX., 30.
Evlau. losses at, X., 120. 140.
Ezra Church, Ga., III., 134.

F

Fagan, J. F., X., 251.

Fair Oaks, Va.: (see also Seven
Pines, Va.), I., 05, 277. 279, 281.
282 .■.(((.; ^^cClellan's Horse .Artil-
lery Brigade, officers of, at, I.,
387. 391 .sfQ., 293. 295, 297,
299, 313, 330, :{r, 1 ; III.,

338; IV., 238: V.,30 ,.. VII.,
102; hospital for woumlnl, VII.,
331; "Constitution" and "In-
trepid" balloons at, VIII., 375,
377; "Intrepid" being inflated at.

VIII. , 379; T. S.C.Lowe, complet-

ing despatch before ascending in
the balloon, VIIL, 381; IX.,.50 .-. ,/ ;
Widow .Mien's house at, IX.,
aft; .Seven I'mcs, battle of, IX.,
59; los.ses at, X., 142. 150.

Fair Oak.s Farm, Va., I., 288, 290.

Fair Oaks .Station, Va.: L, 292, 294,
290.

Fairchild, 1.., X., 290, 309.
Fairfax, Va.:VIII., 112; band at.

VIIL, 335.
['"airfax ( 'ourt 1 louse, Va. : I., 44, 318;

II. , 13, r,:t, 33l>; IV., 107 srq., 171,
178, 209; V., 27; IX., 20.-).

Fairfax Road. \ a., II., 43.
Fairfield, Pa.. II„ :i4(l.
Fiiirplrii/, C. S. S., VI., 310.
Falconer, K.. VIIL, 149.
Falconer, T. W . VIIL, 151.
Falconet, E. T., V., «5.
Falling Waters, Md., L, 348; II.,
342.

Falling Waters, W. Va.: II., 207;
the affair at, July 1, 1801, IV.,
70, 78.

Falls Church, Va., IV., 78, 79, 171.

Falmoutli, \'a.: I., 302: II., M.
100. 128; III., 311, 2111: ambu-
lance train at, VII., 314, 315;
VIIL, 213; foreign attaches at,
IX., 185.

Falmouth Station, Va., II., 85.

" Famous .-liargers," IV., 289-318.

" I'';iiic\ ," horse of T. J. .Jackson,
IV., 393.

Fanny, C. S. .S., I., 350.

Fanny, U. S. S,, VI., 100, 310.

Farenholt Hou.se, Yorktown, Va.,
VIIL, 317.

Farinington, Miss, I., 302.

Farmville, Va.. III., 306, 340;
VIIL, 102; engagement at, IX.,
331.

Farnsworth, E. J.: LV., 2;50; death,
IV., 2.32; VIIL, 80; X., 137.

Farnsworth, J, F., X., 199.

Farquhar, F. V., VL, 113.

Farragut, D. G.: I., 25, 72 seq., 94,
219, 226 seq., 227, 331 seq.; at
Baton Rouge, coaling fleet. L,
333, 249, 302, 300; II., 134, 192,
180, 192. 198, 2119, 210, 219-332;

III. , 319. 328; VL, .38, 43, .55, 114,
120, 151. ISI, HI7, 217, 222, 238,
343, 252, 3.53, 314, 318, 320, 322;
VIIL, 211, 33(1; IX., 102 seq., 105,
107, 34.5.

Farragut, I.., X., 2.
••Farragut," W. T. Meredith, IX.,
102.

Farrand, E., VL, 260, 322.

Farrar, F. W., IX., 119.

Farrar's Island. \ a.: I., 119 siq.;
III., 90, 97; v., 133.

Fascines, V., 307.

Faunce, J., VL, 90.

Fauntleroy, surgeon, VII., 222.

Faxon, W'., VL, 52.

Favetteville, Ark., I., 308; II., 320.

Fayetteville, N. C: V., 1.50, 150,
i04, 100. 170.

Favetteville, W. Va.. II., 322.

Featherston, W. S., X., 137.

Federal troops: number of, 1., 92;
navy and the .South, I., 88-98;
navy, superiority and activity of,
during the war, L, 110, 111;
troops, foreign nationalities in,
XL, 1.58, 1.59; soldiers and their
work of burrow'ing and sapping,
II., 223; raids in the West, IV.,
129 seq.; ordnance of the, V., 123;
Ordnance Department, V., 124;
government. VL, 40 seq.; navv,
VL, 18, 112.

Federal Hill, Baltimore, Md., IX.,
159.

Federal Point. N. C, Sugar Loaf

Battery, III., 342.
Feeding the arm\-, VIIL, 43.
Fennel, J., VIIL, 149.
Ferguson. 1! . VIIL, 113.
Fergus,.n. S. W., X., 377.
Fernandina. Fla., II., 351.
Ferrero, E., III., 195, 200.
Ferry, O. S., X., 197.
Fessenden. F.. X., 309.
Fessenden, J. D.. X.,161, 309.
Field, C. W., X., 107, 282.
Field guns: imported from France,

v., 157; field-pieces, V., 170.
•'Fighting Joe" (see also Hooker,

J.), IL, 204.
"Fighting McCooks," IL, 170.
Fillebrown, J. S., II., 39.

Finch, F. M., "The Blu<' and the
Grav," IX., 28, 270, 271.

Finegan, .1.: IL, 349; VIIL, 103.

Fiiwal, S. S. (see als(» :\tlnnlti,
C. S. S.),VI.,75.

Finlev. C. A.. VIL, 224, .'{47.

Iwnli y, .1. .1.. X.,'J«1.

Fiimegan, .1., II. , 3.50.

Finney's Battalion, Confederate, I.,
3(i4.

Fire rafts: used bv Confederates,
VL, i vt, 191. 198, 200, 204.

' 'Fin-i ai' i , ' lM)rse of J. E. Johns-
ton, IV., :ilN.

'• l'"irst call to arms," (effect of,
VIIL, 08.

'•First GciiiKiTi Killi's," N, \ .,

Eil^lllli Sl:il,. \IilMi;,, VIIL, S7.

Fisher, I!. I . VIIL, :;i I, .IIT, .-133.
FishcM's l oll. N. C. (-c also 1-ort

l i.lHT, \, ( ',1, VI., 2.V.I, L'C.5.
I'i>li(rs' llill. III., 1.5(1, 1.58,

159, 1(12, :!2.s, ;f:i2: IV., 249, 203.
I' l hiriL' ( 'ri i k. K\. (.see also Mill

S|ii iiij.'s, K\ .1, I., 350.
I'lsk, ( '. H,, X., •JI7.
l i-l-. . .1., MUo'ccl. II., 100, 272.
I'll. Ii, ( A , I., 300.
liirli, ( ;. \.: II., 194: VL, 314.
Filch, l.ci;., VI., (.9, 209,
Filzhujjh, W. i:.. VI., 322.
FKzp.ilrick. .1,. VIL, 181.
Fiv Fork^, V:i.: III., 2,88, .30.5, 344;

v., 201; l.alllc of, IX., 243.
Flags u.sed in signalling, VIIL, 308,

310.

Fleetwood, pilot, VIL, 139.
Fleetwood Hill, Va., IV., 84, 80.
Fleming, W. L., L, 44; X., 7, 28, 78

seq.

Fletcher, A., quoted, IX., 342.
Flint, I'], .v., cavalry horse of, IV.,

.53; VIIL, 135.
"Floating Battery," Charleston, S.

C, v.. 155.
Florance, H. C, VIL, 135
Florence, Ala., IL, 297; IIL, 218;

VI. , 312.
Florrii.c, S. C, VIL, 80.
Florida; grim game of war open.? in,

I., 4; first fighting of the war in,

I., 86; .secedes, I., 340; War, IV.,

22; state troops. Confederate,

VL, 73: enlistments. VIIL, 103;

e;irlicst operations of the war,

VIIL, 100.
Floritla troojis:

Second Cavalry. IL, .348.

First Infantry, I., 3.52.
Florida, C. S. S., VL, 292, 293, 316,

.322.

Flournoy, T. S., IV., 88.

Flowing Springs, III., 330.

Flovd, J. B.: 1., IM, Iss, 1911, 191,
192, .350. 3 4; X., 2.52.317.

Flii-^cr C. W.: II. , 3-52; VL, 199,
2(13, 201, 310, 320.

•• Flving artillerv," V., 3.3.

Foard, E. J.. VIL, 319.

Follen House, Cuuibcr'and Land-
ing, Va., scouts at, VIIL, 369.

Follv Island, Chariest. .n, S. C:
N. Y. Ninth Inf. at, VIIL, 223.

Fontaine. L., IX., 142.

Foote, A. H.: I., 94, 1,82, 185 seq.,
188, 191, 215, 218, 221, 2;^7, 238
seq., 300; IL, 131; VL, 83,
149, 213, 214, 20(), 310, 312, 314.

Foote, H. S.. IX., 29.

Foraging: by Grant's army, VIIL,
198-199; on Sherman's march,
VIIL, 212-220.

Forbes, E. A.. I., 10.

Force, M. F., X., 93.

Ford's Theater, Washington. D. C:
where Lincoln was shot, VIL,
303, 205 seq.

Foreign legions, VIIL, 82.

Foreign officers: military, I., 117;
nobility in Union camp, I., 11,5;
soldiers of fortune tendered serv-
ices, VIIL, 70.

Forest Hall military prison, George-
town, D. C, Vli., 85.

Forest Rose, U. S. S., IL, 3.50.

Forests as battlegrounds, VIIL,
173, 175.

Forney. J. H., IL, .334; X., 355.

l.;..iii. v, W. H.. X., 3.55.

l.'.iiTi'si. X. B.: I., 192; cav.alr\' com-
mand, I., 3f)0. 368; IL, 108, 170,
204. 322, 328, 330, 332, 342. 344,
.348, 3.50; IIL, 124. 252, 257,
320. 330. 332, 338, .344; LV., 20,
34, 77, 110, 134, 137, 138, 139,

144, 14.5, 1.58, 100, 101, 163, 2.56,
202, -373 278 seq., 2.80, 282;

VIL, 145, 242; VIIL, 200, 275,
290; IX., 247; X., 31, 48, '349,278.

l.'orrcst, W. 11., VIL, 145.

I.'orrest, Tenn., I., 356, 3.58.

Fnnrsl. C, S. S., L, 350.

I'orslcT, W., VIIL, .'JOO.

Korsvth, G. W., IV., 310.

Foisvth, J. W., IV., '300,361; X.,
333.

I'orsvlh, Mo.. I., 351)
Forsylhe, T. W., VIIL, 39.
I'ort .'\bercrombie, Minn., VIIL,
79.

I'orl Adams, Miss., VL, 149.

f ori MIciiiv , Va., v., (»1.

f ..ii \i,.|. 1 ..n, K\.. 11. , 3.50.

I ..11 Vii.i. n. .\. ( '., IIL, ;«2.

I ..II il .il . 1, Ala,, IL, 167.

Fori lianaiicas, lla.: I., 4, 86; II.,

351; VIIL, 157.
Fort H. auii gard, S. C; VL, ,58, 148,

27(1. :il(i.
Fort I'.riiiii.ii, Va., v., 95.
Fort lilak. ly, Ala.: IIL, 344; VL,

20(1: .■,i|ii ii'i d, IX., 217.
Foil l',..«M,r, Ala., VL, 244.
Fort liiaii\ , \ a.. IIL, 3'33; V., 305.
Fort Butler, La.. IL, 331, 340.
Fort Carroll, Giesboro, D. C, IV.,

333 seq.
Fort Castle, Miss., IL, 195.
Fort Caswell, N. C, VL, 2.38, 291.
Fort C. F. Smith, Va., V., 85, 95,

107, 125.

Fort Clark, Hatteras Inlet, N. C,

VL, 100, 102, 208, 310.
Fort Chnch, Fernandina, Fla., II.,

351.

Fort Columbus, N. Y., VIL, 38.

Fort Corcoran, \'a., V., 77, 78, 83,
85, 90, 95, 107.

Fort Craig, N. Mex., L, 3.58.

Fort Curtis, Helena. Ark., I., 365.

Fort • •Damnatii)n " (Fort Mahone),
Va., IIL, 203, '379, 334, 3.36, .337.

Fort D.arling, Cairo, Ilk. I., 177.

Fort Darling, Va.: I., Ill, '376;
garrison in, I., 304; IIL, 94. 90,
97. 320: V., 305, 313, 317; VL,
1.39, 105, 314; VIIL, 374.

Fort Delaware, Del., prisoners of
w ar, VIL, '30, 38, 44, 50 seq., 05,

102, 103, 1()5, 170.

Fort De Ru.ssy, La.; II., 350;
VL, 227.

Fort Donelson, Tenn.: I., 110;
campaign of, I., 130. 171 seq., 178,
184, 188, 190, 218, 223, 226, 238,
3.56; IL, 183, 321, 322, 330; IV.,
158. 294: Artillerv at, V., 42;
ariill. r\. Federal, at, V., 44, 204,
251, 251; VL, 148. 209, 215, 216,
312, 31,s; VIL, 22, 60, 68; VIIL,
111): IX., 97. 112; X., 44; losses
at. X., 142, 150.

Fori Donelson, V . S. S.: IIL, 342;
VL, 109.

Fort Dushane, Va.. V., 215.

Fort Ellsworth, Va.. V., 78, 90.

Fort Ethan Allen, \'a., V., 75;
VIIL, 88.

Fort Fillmore, N. Mex., I., 3,50.

Fort Fisher. \ C: IIL, 20, 293,
325, .337, 340, 342; V., 254;
havoc wroiiL'hi at, li\ bombard-
ment, v., •;(i5; i Hccts of naval
bomb,inliii. 1,1 .,f, V.,-i67; Mound
battery at. V., •;(!»; VL, 34. 39, 01,

103. lbs, 1119, 12(1, 123, 131, 145,
175, 181, 195, L'3,s, .'4(1, 3.55, 257,
309, 322; guarding supplies at,
VIIL, 21.

Fort Gaines, Mobile Bay. Ala.:

IIL, 328; VL, 2.50. 253, 250, 322;

N. Y. Fifty-fifth, officers at, VIIL,

97; IX., 107.
Fort Gibson. Ind. Ter., IIL, 332.
Fort Gilmer, Va., IIL, 323.
Fort Gregg. Morris Island, S. C:

v., 151; VL, 313.
Fort Gregg, Va.: IIL, 288, 291, 294;

v., 119.

Fort Hamilton, New- York harbor,
v., 137.

Fort Harrison. \a.: IL, 327; IIL,

208. 321, 323.
Fort Haskell, IIL, 282.
Fort Hatteras, N. C: I., 350; VL,

100, 102, 208, 209. 310.
Fort Heimaii, IV.. Id:;.
•'Fort Hell," \a.: isie also Fort

.Sedgwick), I., 135; IIL, 203, 279,

337; X., 31,3.

[3d Ed.]

[333]

FORT HENRY

INDEX

GEMSBOK

Fort Henrv, Tctni.: I., UO, 171 .svi;.,
215,223; II.,321;;irtillervat,V.,4L',
44,204, 251, 2,>1; VI., 149,209,214,
312; VII., 22, Gij, OS; IX., 97, 271.

Fort Hill, Miss., II., 222; VI., 149.

Fort Hiri<lT)i:m, Aii... II., 330.

Fori ]Iin,li,i,ni. r. S. S., VI., 232.

Fort Hut;c.r, M.,lul.', AIm., VI., 200.

Fort .Jaiks(Jii, l.a.: >urn-ii(|pr of,
I., 220, 227. LMd, 2:11, 302; VI.,
119, 1.S9. l;il, 1!I7, 2111. 210, 314.

Fort Jackson, U. «. S.: III., 342; VI.,
61.

Fort .lames, Ogeechee River, Ga.,
VI., 310.

Fort Johnson, James I.sland, S. f'.:

I. , 349, 300; II.,.133; III., 173,320.
Fort Johnson, Morris Island, S. C:

interior of, V., 179; IX., 40.

Fort Johnson, .'^aniluskv Bav,
Ohio. VII., «9.

Fort Lafavctte, N. Y.: VII., 34, 3S,
4(1. .-)4 srq.; .50, 130, 19S, 202.

Fort Lincoln, D. C: V., 94, 10.');
coloivil infantry at, IX., 177.

Fort Lincoln, Kan., I., 00.

Fort Livn]j;slon. La., VI., 314.

Fort Lvon. \ a., V., Hi.

Fort .\ic AlliMcr, (la.: L, 3.5, 42. SO
seq.; III., Tin, 220, 227, 229, Zil,
233, m, 230, 340; tiuiis at, V.,
363; VI., 121, 230. Hi, 272, 310,
318; where .'-'hcrnian's march,
ended, VIII., 319; si«nallint? li oai,

VIII. , 334, 33.5; IX., 169.

Fort McGilverv, Va.: III., 206; V.,
213.

Fort McHenrv, Chesapeake BaN",

Md.: VII., 38, 50, 198.
Fort Macon, N. C: I., 262; IX., 69.
Fort McPherson, Va., V., 102.
Fort McRce, Fla.: I., 347,354; V.,

57; VIII., 106, 107; Confederate

drill in, VIII., 1.56, 157.
Fort Magruder, \'a,: I., 268, 270-

272; v., 31.
Fort Mahone, Va.: III., 30.3, 205,

271, 279, 289, 390, 336; V., 215;

dead in trenches, IX., 191.
Fort Mannaha.sset, Tc.\., VI., 322.
Fort Marcv, Va.: V., .S5; N. Y.

P'ourth Artillery at, V., 97; its

armament, V., 97; VIII., SS.
Fort Marion, St. -Xtigi'stine, Fla.:

II. , .347, .349; basti.msof, II., 351.
Fort Meiklo, Va., III., 307.
Fortress Monroe, \ :i.: I., .51; III.,

15, 17; v., 26 s,'-t.. 110, 228, 230;
VI., 22 /scq., 240, HON, 310, 312,
315; VII., 40, 107, 109, 110, 259;
reKinicntal hand at. VIIL, 333;

IX. , 297, 299; sci-nc at, IX., 349.
Fort .MnrL-an, Ala.: III., 319 seq.,

v., 363; VI., 201, 242, 245,
347, 219, 2,50, 253, 2.54, 314, 322;
water battery, IX., 105; light-
house, IX., 107.

Fort Morton, Va.: I., 34; III., 179,
195. 206; V., 95.

Fort Moultrie, .S. C: I., 24, 99; II.,
3.32, 335; III., 172, 17.3, .333; V.,
118; powerful guns in, V., 118;
VI., 179; siiikcd gntis, VIIL, (JO;
battery near, IX., 43, 337.

Fort Neglcy, Nashville, Tenn.: III.,
250, 259 neq.. 261.

Fort No. 7, Atlanta, Ga.: III., 136;
v., 173.

Fort No. 8, Atlanta, Ga., V., 173.
Fort No. 9, Atlanta, Ga., V., 173.
l''(Mt < »cr:icoke. Beacon Island,

\. ( ■., VI., 310.
I'ort I'e.iilicrton, Miss.: II., .339;

VI., 2IIS.
Fort IVnsacola, Fla., VI., 16.
Fort Pickens. Fla.: I., 4, 86; V., 33,

.57. .59, 1.59; VL, 16, 19, 111 ; VIII.,

100, 107, 1.56.
Fort Pike, La., VI., 311.
Fort Pillow, Tenn.: e\-aciiation by

Confcder.ates.I.,223,225, 235, 302,

.360; IV., 1.53; VI., 83, 148, 149,

218, 222, 314.
Fort Pitt, Pittsburg, Pa,, V., 137.
Fort Powell, Ala. ; VI., 2.50, 256, 320,

322.

Fort Powhatan, Va., V., 306.

Fort Pulaski, Ga.: I., 360, 361; III.,

229; v., 110; paraoets after the

capture, V., 147, 355, 3.59. 361;

VI., 2.37, 313: VII., 105; VIIL, 229.
Fort Putnam. S. C, V., 179.
Fort Randolph, Tenn., I., 236, 240,

249

Fort Reno, D. C, V., 94.

Fort Rice, Va., III.. 307.

Fort Richardson, near ,Savage Sta-
tion, Va., I., 301.

Fort Richardson, Arlington Heights,
Va., sally-port of, I., 65; drillofbig
guns in, L, 69;III.,1.53; V., 78,79.

Fort Ridglv, Miim., VIIL, 79.

Fort Ripley, S. C, VIIL, 79.

I^ort Royal, Va., IX., 87.

Fort Runyon, Va.: V., 76, 90, 98;
N. Y. .Seventh a.ssists in building,
VIIL, 67.

Fort ,St. Philip, La.: the capture of,
I., 226; .surrender of, I., 234, 362;
VI., 119, 187, 189, 194, 198, 201,
216, 314.

Fort Sanders, Tenn., II., 338, 339.

Fort Sawyer, Va., I., 119.

Fort Scott, D. C, V., 94.

Fort Scott, Kan., V., 180.

Fort Scott, Mo. (see also Dry
Wood, Mo.), L, 350.

Fort Sedgwick: (.see also "Fort
Hell," Petersburg, Va.), III., 203,
205, 207, 379, 334, 337, 338; V.,
315; bomb-proof quarters of, V.,
217.

Fort Slocum, D. C, V., 94.

Fort Smith, Mazzard Prairie, Ark.,

III. 328
Fort SneUing, Minn., VIII., 79.
Fort .Stedman, Va.: I., 34, 285; III.,

179, 206, 280, 282, 285, 286, 344;

v., 195; capture of, VIII., 3.57,

368; IX., 32.
Fort Stevens, D. C: I., 66, OS; IIL,

140, 148, 151, 155, 326; V., 85, 94,

101.

Fort .Strong, Va., V., 95.

Fort .Sumner, Md.: I., 299, ,301; V.,
99, 105, 110; X., 118, 119.

FortSumter,S. C: I., 4, 39; Southern
flag floating over, I., 85; after
bombardment, I., 99; breach in
w.alls of, L, 101; fall of, I., 142,
143, 144, 147; IL, 319, 332. 333,
335,337,342; severest bombard-
ment in all history, namely that
of, II., 333; III., 170, 172, 173,
331, 333; morning and evening
guns at, v., 109, 111, 115, 119, 155,
311; VL, 10, 19, 22, 23, 76, 80,
120, 120, 179, 2.38, 239, 318, 320,
322; VII., 26; effect of first gun
on the North, VIIL, 70; interior
view of, VIIL, 163; telegrapher's
bomb-proof, VIIL, 347; Con-
federates in, April 15, 1861, IX.,
40; a gun tr.ained on Charleston,
IX., 40; northeastern angle and
eastern face, IX., 40; two da>'3
after the bombardment, IX., 41;
.Stiirs and B.arsin, IX., 43; north-
west angle showing casen^ates,
IX., 43; western barracks ancl
parade, IX., 43; bombardment of,
IX., 43; offici^rs' quarters, IX., 43;
.shattered flagstaff, IX., 43; in-
terior face of gorge, IX., 43, 44,
51, 3.3,3, 336, .337; in ruins, IX.,
330-337; deserted, IX., 338; cele-
bration, IX., 33.8.

Fort Taylor, La., VI., 318.

Fort Totten, D. C: V., 81, 85, 94;
Columbiads at, V., 103.

Fort Tracy, Ala., VI., 260.

Fort Valverde, N. Mex., I., 358.

Fort Wadsworth, Va., V., 215.

Fort Wagner, .S. C: (see also Fort
Gregg, S. C.), II., 335; siege of,
IL, 342; IIL, 172; effect of firing
from, v., 114, 118, 151; VL, 121,
173, 238, 274, 313.

Fort Walker, S. C: L, 354, 357; VL,
.58, 103, 270, 310.

Fort Warren, Mass.: L, 191; VL,
294; VII., 38, 40, .54 siq., 50, 65;
prisoners in, VII., 133, 133, 135,
139, 102, 198; spies taken to,
VIIL, 26.

Fort Whipple, Va.: battery in de-
fense of, v., 83; Napoleon guns
at, v., 153; VIIL, 2.55.

Fort Woodbury, Va., V., 85, 95.

Fortifications: I., 365; permanent,
arming of, V., 150.

Forts: two t hat neversurrendered, II.,
333, 335, 337; inadequacy of, for
confinement of prisoners, VII., 38.

Forwood, W. IL, VII., 224.

Fossee, Maj., VIIL, 304.

Foster. H. C: IL, 201; Ohio cavalr>',
IL. 322; v., 209.

Foster, J. G.: IIL, 244, 326; IX.,
169; X., 191, 226.

Foster, J. P., L, 77.
Foster, J. R., IX., 342 scq.
Foster, J. S., IL, .322, 326, 348
Foster, J. T., VIIL, 248.
Foster, J. W., IL, 344.
Foster, R. S.: VII., 309; X., 30.3, 292.
Foster, S. C: IX., 344; songs of, IX.,
.346.

Foster, V. S. S., crew of, VI. , 365.
Foster's Infantry, Confederate, I.,
350.

Foulke, A., sutler tent of, VIIL, 347.
Four Mile Bridge, Vicksburg, .Sliss.,

Camp Fisk at, I., 108.
Four Mile Creek. \"a., VL, 275.
"Four dist iii[;uislieil Confederate

physicians," VII., 349.
Fo.\, G. v., VL, 52, 93, 132. 243.
Fox, W. F., X., 156; quoted from

"Regimental Losses in the Civil

War," X., 1.58.
Fralick, J. H., VIIL, 319.
Francis, Martha, IX., 68.
Franco-Prussian War, I., 30.
Frankel, C, L, 14.
Franklin, B. B.: quoted, II., S3, 84,

86, 90, 91, 100.
Franklin, W. B.: L, 51, 314, 32.5,

327, 328, 368; IL, 02, 00, 324, 328,

352; v., 20 seq., 38; VL, 227, 320;

X 183 202
Franklin, 'Tenn.: IL, 205, 332. 330;

III. , 252, 200, 338, 340; battle of,

IV. , 1.53, 2.50; V., .50, 214, 2.54;
VII., 250, 200; VIIL, 103.

Frankhn, Va., VL, 310.

Franklin and Nashville: the battles
^ of, IIL, 2.52-270.

Franklin Crossing, Rapp.ahannock
River, Va.: IL, 91, 330; bridge
at, v., 223.

Franklin Road, Tenn., II. , 170.

Frank's Battery, P., I., 338.

Frauds: perpetrated on the Govern-
ment, VIIL, 56.

Frayser's Farm, \'a., I., 300.

Fra'zer, J. W., IL, 342; X., 375.

Frazier's command. Confederate, L,
360.

Frederick, Md.: IL, .58, 60; IIL. 144.

Frederick Citv, -Md., II. , 66.

Fredericks Hall. Va., IV., 96.

Frederick.sbiirg, \'a. : I., view of, from
the banks of the Rappahannock
River, I., 26, 27, 36, 126, 132.
2<86, 297, 3()2; IL, 9, 44,
79, 80, 82, 83, 87; river-bank.
IL, 89; ruined house at, IL, 89;
Union lo.sses, fire and destruction
at, ,S9, 90, 96; Lacy House, IL,
97; National Cemeterv, IL, 9,S,
102, 10.5, 106, 110, 112, 120;
stormy and bloody assaults, II.,
122, 12.3, 135; Federal battery at,
IL, 137, 128, 238, 334, 330; IIL,
47; wounded at, IIL, 49, 53,
50; IV., 96, 171, 190; Early's
troops in, V., 16; assault by .Sixth
Corps, v., 16, 21, 27; artillery.
Federal, at, V., 38, 58, 62; guns
massed at Hamilton's Cro.ssing,
v., 66; entrenchments. Confeder-
ate at, v., 202; bridges at, V.,
213, 280, 290; VII., 254, 368, 308;
U. S. .Sanitary Commission at,
VII., 19, 326, .338; Sixth Vermont
at, VIIL, 65, 97, 99, 160, 229, 230,
282; .signal corps reconnoitering,
VIIL, 323, .326; battle of. IX., 21,
69, 148, 157, 190, 193, 195; camp
at, IX., 197; Marye's hou.se at,
IX., 197; .second b.attle of, IX.,
197; cemetery at, IX., 281; Ber-
nard House, ruins of, IX., 287;
battlefield of, IX., 387; ruins, IX.,
315; X.,1.30; losses at, X.,142, 1.50.

Frederick.sbiirg Heights, Va., V., 234.

Frederick.sliurg lioa.l, \'a., IIL, 320.

Fredericktowii, Mo., L, 352.

Freeborn, U. S. S., I., 348; VL, 97,
99, 308, 318.

Freeman, M. D., VL, 301.

Freeman's Cav., Confederate, I. ,354.

Freeman's Ford, Va.: IL, 322;
skirmish at, IL, 320.

Fremantle, A. J., quoted, IX., 215.

Fremont, C, I., 363 seq.

Fremont, Mrs. C, I., 363 seq.

Fremont, J. C: I., 181, 306, 307,
309, 310; IL, 20, 22; IV., 102; X.,
177, 186.

"Fremont Rifles." VIIL, S2.

French, F. S., IL, 67, 72.

French, S. G.: IL, 348; IIL, 216,
218, 332; X., 277.

French, W. H.: divi.sion of, at
Fredericksburg, II., 81, 267; III.,
30; X., 181, 196.

French Canadians recruiting in
Wisconsin regiments, VIIL, 75.

Freret, W.. I., 105.

Frescott, J. E., VII., 133.

Friedland. losses at, X., 140.

Friends' Meeting House, Alexan-
dria, Va., VII., 2.34.

Frietchie, Barbara, II., 58, 60.

Front Royal, Va.: L, 302, 307, 308,
304; IIL, 102.

Frost, D. M.: L, 172, 367; X., 279.

Frost, G. W., VI., 109.

Fry, B. D., X., 111.

Fry, J., L, 366.

Fr'v, J. B., I., 102.

Fry. S. S., X., 307.

Fuller, J. W.. X., 91.

Fullman, G. T., VL, 301.

Fulton, Mo., I., 348.

Funk.stown. .M.I., IV., 88.

Funsten, (i., IV., 9S.

Furlouglis: disadv.aiitages ot, I., 120;
convalescent soldiers, VIIL, 43.

G

Gabions, construction and uses, V.,
307.

Gadsden. Ala., VII., 145.
Gaines, E. B., IX., 285.
Goines. C. S. S., VL, 2.52, 254.
Gaines' Battery, Confederate, I. ,358.
Gaines' Hill, \'a., balloon camp,

VIIL, 373.
Gaines' Mill, Va.: L, 115, 122,281,

2,85, 317, 319, .321, 324, 32.5, 327,

330, 342, 343, 366; IIL, 115, 322;

IV., 220, 222, 225 seq.; V., 21, 30

seq., 2,30; VIIL, 129; losses at, X.,

142, 1.56.
Gainesville, Fla., IIL, 328.
Gainesville, Va.: IL, 48, 322; V.,

34 seq.

Cnteiin, V. S. S.: L, 110, 276,

333, 304; IIL, 90; VL, 137, 138,

139, 1(;5, 247, 314: VIIL, 317, .324.
Gallatin. Tenn., IL, 320.
Ciallego Flcnir Mills, Richmond,

Va , IX., 31)6.
Gait, F. L., VL, 301.
Galveston. Tex.: IL, 3.30; VL, 45,

208, 272, 308, 310. 316.
Galveston Harbor, Tex.: I., 354;

VL, 322.
Gamble, W., IX., 265.
Gamble's Sep.arate Cavalry Bri-
gade, rX., 205.
Gambling: passion for, among

prisoners of the war, VII., 131,

132, 134.
Gano, R. M., X., 315.
"Garde de Lafayette" (see N. Y.

Fifty-fifth Inf.), I., 69; VIIL, 97.
Garden, A.: I., 40, 42, 43, 00, 113;

photograph. V., 195; VIIL, 4. 14;

secret service, VIIL, 23, 31.
Gardner, F.: IL, 213, 224, 332; IIL,

.342; X., 371.
Gardner. J. A.: I., 23, 32; IIL, 177,

179; v., 14.
Gardner, W. M.: VIL, 40; X., 265.
Garfield, J. A.: L, 180, 303; VIL,

348; VIIL, 275; X., 19.
Garibaldi Guard, (Italian) uniforms

of, VIIL, 80.
Gariand, S., Jr : IL, .324: X., 149.
Garnett, R. B.: IL, 263, 204 ; X., 153.
Garnett. R. S.. X., 147, 242.
Garnett's Farms, Va., I., 366.
Garrard. K.: IIL, 105, 328; IV., 326.
Garrard, T. T., X., 207.
Carrott, I. W., X., 3.55.
Gartrell, L. J.. X., 365.
Gary, M. W., X., 385.
Gas-generators for balloons, VIIL,

374.

Ga.ssawav, F. H., IX., 196-199, 201.
Gaston, C. A., VIIL, 364.
Gate City Guard, .\tlanta, Ga., IX.,
159.

Gates, H., V., 33.

Gatlin, R. C, X., 279.

"Gay .and Happy," IX., 348.

' 'GavandHappv Still," IX., 186,349.

Gavl'e, R. H., VIL, 135.

Gavlesville, Ala., IIL, 218.

Geary, J. W.: IL, 2.56, 258, 300, 302,

318, 320, 346; IIL, 125; V., 132;

X., 4.

Gee, Maior. VIL, 92; acquittal of,

VIL, 180.
Gemsbok. U. S. S., I., 362.

[3d Ed.]

[334]

GENERAL OFFICERS

INDEX

GRAYSVILLE

CJenoral Offirers, R')3tor of Confctl-

prutc (iiul I'nion, X., iiOl: Union

arniv, X., 302-317; C'onfedenito

:irmv, X., 31S-321.
t;<Ti<'nil Orders Noa. 100 and 207,

VII., 112.
Oi nn-al limurnjard, C. S. S.: I., 235,

212 .sr,,.; VI., 85, 222.
Geni ml Uram, C. S. S.: I., 23S, 21();

VI., 83, 224.
Griiend Hurnside. V . S. S., VI., 2;M.
Vt'nerid Dir, hirulin^ of the military

cnniiie, v., "JSa.
Gnural (inuii. V. S. .S., VI., ^W.
General LovcH. C. S. S.: I., 242; VI.,

192, 222.

General .\f. Jeff. Thompson, C. S. S.,
I., 24().

General Parkhill, ship, VI., 122.

General I'alk, C. 8. S., VI., 218.

General I'rice, C. S. S.: I.. -JSS, 237,
23S, 242 seq.; VI., N.".. 151, 222.

Grneral liuslc. C. .S. ,S., VI., 45.

Gen, ml Sherman, II. S. S., VI., 333.

Genrral /'/,,.», ,s, U. S. S., VI.. 333.

Genrnil Wui Dorn. C. S. S.: I., 237,
23S, L'lt;; VI., 222.

Ge>,e<r. . l\ S. S., VI., 217.

Goiilhi, \ v., 2lll).

Georj.;.', ( ;. II.. IV., !).5.

Geor,,,- I'.i'ir, C. S. S., VI., Si.

Geori/e l'eah„:lii. U. S. S., VI., 100.

Georgetown, D. f'.: I., 1(17; bloek
house at Chain hridf^c, V., 75, 04,
OO; Forest Hall ])risi>ii at, VII.,
85; Seminary Hospital, VII., 383.

GeorKolown College, D. C, IX., 10.

Geornetown Ferrv, D. C, VIII., 81.

Georgia sereiles, I, 346.

Georgia Inmiis:

I II fa III n/: .Soeond. II., 71; X.,

I. ")(); Third, I., 352; Fourth, VIII.,
145; IX., 214; Fifth, I., 352; VIII.,
139, 141; IX., 344 seq.: X., 131,
losses at Chiekamau^a, Ga., Cou-
feilerate, X., l.")S; .Seventh, I., 350;
FiKhth, I., 3.-.0, :5()4; Ninth, I.,
364; losses at Gettysburg, Pa.,
Confederate, X., 15S; Tenth, I.,
364; losses at Antietam, Md.,
Confederate, X., l."),S; Twelfth, I.,
354, 362, 361; Thirteenth, I., 360;
X., I."i6; Fifteenth, losses at
Gettysl)llr^, I'a., X., 158; Seven-
teerilh, losses :ii Manassas, Va.,
X., !■"><; la^litei'iith, losses at
Antietam, .Md., X., 1.5S; Twen-
tieth, II., 71; Twenty-first, losses
at Manassas, Va., X., 15S; Forty-
fourth, I., 322; losses at Me-
chaniesville, Va., X., l.")S; Fortv-
.seventh, I., 366; militia, III., 338.
Seeond H;itt:tUon, IX., 25.

Georgia, C. S. S., VI., 206.
"Georgia N'ohmteer," grave of, DC.,
283

Germanna Ford, Va.: III., 17, 34,
25, 37, 38, 40; IV., 110.

Germanna Plank Road, IX., Gl.

Germans: volunteers of, in the -Vrmy
of the Potomac, I., 309; recruiting
of, in Wisconsin reiriment, VIII.,
75;inConfederatearm\",VIII.,12i).

Germantoii'ii, V. S. S., VI., 54, 142.

Gertrude. C. S. S., VI., 309.

Gettv, G. W.: II., SI, 100; III.,40, 43;
headquartersof,VIII.,331;X.,199.

Getty, R.. VI., 221.

Gettys, J., II., 231.

Gettysburg, Pa.: I., 28, 59, 68, 70,
71; fighting at, rarely paralleled
in history, I., 73, 75, 103 seq., 107,
122, 132, 147; II., 0, 106, 203, 226
seq., 331; Confederate soldiers
at, II., 231, 333; view of, on
day Lincoln dedicated National
Cemetery at, II., 313; high-water
mark of the Civil War, II., 234-
267; Raltimore Turnpike, II., 236;
Carlisle Road, II., 236; Ceme-
tery Ridge, II., 236 seq.; Dev-
il's Den, II., 236 seq.; Harris-
burg Road. II., 236; Little Round
Top, II., 236 xc'j.; Mummasburg
Riad, II., 23ii; ( )ak Hill, II., 236;
Plum Run, II., 236; Round Top,

II. , 236 .'ieq.; Seininars- Rid?e, II.,
236 seq.; North and S;>uth. feel-
ings of, before. II., 23S; Union
and Confederate armies, marches
of, before, II., 240, 242; .Seminary
Ridge. II., 343; Federal de.ad at,
II., 3*3; Federal loss at, II., 245;
Confederate loss at, II., 245;
Trostle's House, II., 347; Devil's

[3d Ed.]

Den. the stronghold of the Con-
federate sharpshooters, II., 349;

I. illle Round Top, II., 351, 2.53;
Valle\ ,.l Death, II., 2.54 , 355:
I'liioii and ( "on federate losses after
second day's fighting at, II., 256;
Little Round Top, II., 2.58; gate to
eemeterv at, II., 359; Cemetery
Ridge, il., 260; Little Round Top,

II. , 260; .Meade's head. luarlers al,

II. , 3«I, 267, 270, 272, 2'.ll. 3111;

III. , 28; IV., 32, 45, .")0. SI, NS;
horses killed at, IV., 103, 107; c:n -
alrv scouts at White's house,
IV!, 301, 21S, 230. 232, 23.-);
light artillery in, V., 39; Penn-
svlvania ba'tterit'S at. V., 40;
Confederate guns, V., 71; Peaeh
Orchard, v., 74: memories of. V.,
72 seq., 132; lA'deral entrench-
ments at, v., 211, 2:i), 2lin, 2',li>;

VII. , 112, 265; wounded at, VII.,
309, 301; ho.spital at, VIL, 301,
313; Nr-w York IlerahVs batth-
r.-r>orl, VIII., -39; roads to, VIII.,
36, 63, 6.'), 100, 102, lis, 120, 122;
caiupaii;ri. VIII.. 1 2 1 . 1 2S. 130, i:i2,
173, 2111, 2:ill; Cuat.'derate .^i^rial
Corps, hcad.iuariers, VIII., 337;
Lutheran .Seminary, VIII., 337;
Confederate Signal Corps at,

VIII. , 328; I'niori telegraphers,

VIII. , 345, 3.50; IX., 22, 31,
37; battle of, IX., 70, 100; dedi-
cation of. High Water .Mark
Monument, IX., 204; Devil's Den,
fate of sharpshooters in. IX., 30.5,
207; hattleoi, IX.,211;Culp'sHill
at, IX., 313, 217; Twenty-fifth an-
niversary of battle of, IX., 218;
Round fop at, IX. ,331; Cemetery
Ridge. IX., 22.5; Dc-\ il's Hen, Con-
federate sliarpsli. lotir killed at,

IX. , 'Vi'>; ded ieal ion. IX., 2,5.5; cam-
paign, IX., 313, 346, 350; complete
plan of battles, X., 68, 116, 156;
percentage table of Federal loss s
at, X., 68, 124 seq.

"Gettysburg," J. J. Roche, IX., 201.
"Gettysburg,"E.C.Stodm.an,IX.,24.
"Gettysburg! — A Battle Ode," G.

P. Lathrop, IX., 21,8-226.
"Gettvsburg Address," A. Lincoln,

II., 234.
Getti/sbur,,, U. .S. S., III., 342.
Gholson, S. ,1., X., 275.
Gholson, W. G.: III., .■542; IV., 132.
Gibbon, ,L: IL, 88, 337, 320, 328;

IIL, ,87; IX., 193; X., 192.
Gibbons, ,L S., IX., 344.
Gibbs, A., IV., 242.
Gibbs, G. C VII., 84.
Gibbs, W., VIL, 330.
"Gibraltar of the West," Vicks-

burg. Miss., II., 1.88.
Gib.son, H., VIL, 20.
Gibson, H. C, I., 387.
Gibson, H. G.: Third United States

Art., L, 381: IL, 00; V., 33.
Gib.son, H. .M., I., 387.
Gibson, R. I... IL, :54S; X., 373.
Giesboro; near Washington, D. C!,

IV. , 33; cavalry depot at, IV.,
33 seq., ,35; government horse-
shoeing shop at, IV., 68; cavalry
station at, IV., 330; barracks at,
IV., 335 .-seq., 327 sc^. ; Fort Car-
rol at, IV., 333.

Giffen, I. N., IX., (54.

Gilbert, C. C. IL, 326.

Gilbert, C. G., X„ 333.

Gilbert, J. J., X., 30.5.

Gilchrist, R, C, I., 89.

Gilder, R. W., K., 37, 106, 109,

250, 251.
Gildersleeve, B. L., VIIL, 110, 115.
Gildersleeve, J. R., VIL, 282.
Gill, Miss A. L., X., 2.
Gill, ,1. .M., VIL, 331.
Gillems, A. C, IIL, 338.
Gillmore, O. A.: IL, 312, 340; IIL,

92, 95; v., 110, lis, 1 t7. 154, 2.59;

headquarters of, VI., 236, 238,

313; VIIL, 229, 347; IX., 51, 337,

338; X., 175, 210.
Gilman, D. C, quoted, IX., 30.
Gilman, ,T. E., X., 7. 25, 296.
Gilman, J. H., V., 50.
Gilmer, .1. F., V., 357. 320.
Gilmer, Mrs., VIL, 290.
Gilmor, H., IV., 383.
Gilmore, P. S., IX., 342.
Giltner, H. L.: II., 346; IIL, 332.
"Gimlet," horse of J, C. Babcock,

VIIL, 4.

Girardov, V. ,L, X., 157.
Gist, .S. R,, IIL, 3KI, X„ 157.
Gladden, A. II.: I., 360; X., 149, 2.56.
Gladstone, W. V.., I., 8S.
Glasgow, Kv., IV., 146, 154.
Glasgow, .\io., IIL, 33S.
Glassell, W. T., VI., 267.
Glen Alli'Ti Station, V.i., IV., 124.
Glend.al.', Va.: I., 122, 331. 3:i6,

366; v., 30 .sr<i.; X., 156.
Glenn. .1., IX., 319.
(derin, Mr., VIL, 147.
"Glinilises of the Confederate

.\rmv, " VIIL, 10(i.
Glisson, (). S., VI., 21.
Globe Tavern, Va., III., 199, 201.
Glorietta, N. Mex., I., :i60.
Gloskaski, .L, VIIL, 321.
Gloueesler Point, \a., IL, 111.
GoildanI, ('., X., 19.
C..)ilwin. A. ('.. IIL, 332.
Gold: sein iiv eruned hv Southern

agents in lli.. \nith, VIIL, 300.
G.>lding's Farms. V:i.. I., 3(;6.
Goldshoro, \. ( '.: II., .32C.; IIL, 248.
Goldsl)orough, I,. .M.: VL, 11.8, 120,

125, 152, 263, 2(>8, 312.
Golgotha, Ga., III., 322.
Goode's Bridge, Va., V., 266.
Goodman, a quartermaster, VII.,90.
Good's Hatlerv,('oiilederate, I., 358.
C;o.)dwiii, A. ( ;., X., 1.57.
Goo.lwin, II. K.. VIL, 03.
G.inlon, G. IL: X., 313.
( iordon, G. W.. X., 399.
Gordon, Jam-sB.: IIL, 320: IV., 43,

242; IX., 32; X., 155.
Gordon, ,lohn Fi.: I., 16; quoted, II.,

294; IIL, .50. .52, ()4, 0(1, 141, 152,

155, 158, 162, 164, 203, 278, 280,

282, 283, 385, 2S6, 308, 311, 326,

342, 344, .346; IV., 268; VIIL, 110;

quoted. IX., 18, 34, 195; X., 347,

248, 250, 298.
Gordon, Ga., III., 232.
Gordon Hospital, Nashville, Tenn.,

VIL, 286.
Gordon's Landing, La., VL, 318.
Gordonsville. Va.; IL, 14, 18, 22,

26, 104, 1(15; IIL, 36. 38, 340.
Gorgas, .1., V„ 15s, 161.
Gorman, W. A., X., 317.
Gorman, W. ()., L, 147.
Gosden, W., IV., 166.
Gosport Navy Yard, Va., V., 80; VI.,

82

Gos.s', W. L., VIL, 148.

Goudv, J., VI., 22:i.

Gouley, ,T. W. S., VIL, 226.

Govan, D. C X., 3.50.

Ciovern men tovenf)n wheels, VIIL, 49.

Government workshops, VIIL, 41.

Governor, V. S. S., VL, 19, 270.

Governor Biirki'iigham, U. S. S.,
IIL, 342.

Governor Moore, C. S. .S., VI., 191,
192, 19S.

Gowin, W., VI., 306.

Gr.ace Church, Alexandria, Va.,
VIL, 334.

"Grace Darling," Lee's charger,
IV., 300.

Graeie, A., .Jr., IIL, 192; X., 157.

Grade's Salient, Va., IIL, 203, 285.

Gradv,H.W.:IX.,31, 32; oration by,
"The New South," IX., 304-322,
306, 307, 308, 311, 313, 315, 319,
323, 325.

Gradv, W. S., IX., 320.

Graham, C. K., VIL, 45; X., 221.

Graham, .L, VIL, 349.

Graham, L. P., X., 311.

Graham, W. M., IV., 232, 234.

Grahamville, S. C, IIL, .340.

Gratnpus, C. S. S., VL, 218.

Cranberry, H.B. : IIL, 3 10; X., 157.

Grand Army of the Republic: I.,
19; IIL, 347- di.sbandment of,
VIIL, 260; IX., 34, 93; organiza-
tion of society, X., 288; badge of,
X., 294; pensions, X., 294; Ladies'
Society of, X., 296; membership
of, X., 296; commanders-in-chief,
X., 296.

Grand Cotcau, La., IL, 346.

Grand Eeore, La., VL, 225, 228, 232.

Grand Gulf. Miss.: IL, 181, 189,
200, 214, 216, 218, 334; IIL, 219;
VL, 148, 318,

Grand Junction, Tenn., IL, 204.

Grand Prairie, Ark., I., 36S.

Grand Review, 1865, Washington,
D. C: IIL, 349; Federal Cav.
and their reward, IV., 3.57; Am-
bulances in, VIL, 11; VIIL, 39;

IX., 109, ''.'W, 2.35, 237, 2.59; X.,
162, 163, 200.

Grand River, Mo., II., 320.

Granger, G.: IL, 17S, 274, 286;
head(|uarters of, at Ro.ssville Gap,
Tenn.. IL, 287, .'501, 344; IV., 34;
VL, 215, 2.52, 253, 2.56, 260, 322;
IX., 2 17; X., 17.5, 182.

Granite, V. S. S., I., 3.56.

Grant, A., VL, 192.

Grant, F. I).: I., 18; IIL, 9 11,
14 .WY/.; IV., 292; IX., 119; X., 47.

Grant, Mrs. F. 1)., IX., 119.

Grant, V,., I.. '307.

Grant, .!., VIL, 17.

Giant, .1. R., IIL, 13; IX., 110.

Grant, -Mrs. ,1. H.. IX., 110.

Gr.ant, .Julia, IX., 110.

(irant, L. .A.: ('ol. Filth Veriiumt
Inf., IX., 1.54, 1.55: X., ri.5.

(Jrant, Nellie, IX., 119.

Grant, U. S.: I., 17, 19, 30, 10, 13,
68; withstaff,I.,81,05,06.s,Y,., 1 16,
118, 119, 122, 123.12 ) ^. I 27, 128
seq., 132, 133, 171 -v. I^s kcq.,
179, 181 xeq. , 1 94 , 1 OS s, .,.,201) seq. ;
headquarters on the 'I'ign.is, U.
S. S., I.. •»03, 208, 209, 214, 248,
36(1, ;ji;5; IL, II. 142, 183, 188,
193, 19S, 199,203,205,226,234,264;
at Thomas' headquarters, 1863,
IL, 390 seq., 296. 318, .'521, 340,
345; IIL, 13, 14, 33, 26; at
Meade's headquarters. Brandy
Station, Va., IIL, 20; "I i^ropose
to fight it out on this line if it
takes all summer!" IIL, ,33, 45,
46, .52, .53, ,59, 60, 62, 68, 70, 77,
78, 80, .84, 87, .88, 89, 92, 94, 104,
106, 134, 138, 140, 142, 150, 151,
1.88, 194, 197, 198, 204, 218, 220,
221, 238, 248, 278, 280, 282, 287,
294, 300, 304, 308, 309, 310, 312,
318, .321, 346; LV., 21, 33, 34,
40, 43, 49, 98, 103, 110, 126, 127,
130, 133, 1.55, 185, 203, 205, 207,
210, 211, 212, 255, 258, 26.3, 202,
296; v., 2.3, 42, 44, 106, 187, 206,
208, 214, 216, 2:54. 240. 242. 260,
262, 268, 276. 296. 320: VL, 37,
114, 207, 214, 230, 234, 2:58, 2.58,
275; VIL, 39 .wq., 98, 99, 103, 111,

118, 172, 176, 209, 230, 240, 254
srq.. 270, :i09 seq.; VIIL, 17, 22;
.seout iiiesN.ige to, VIIL, 26; joins
Sheridan, VIIL, 30; eoneentra-
tion of troops at Citv Point,
Va., VIII., 43, 95, 102, 132, 134,
198, 202 seq., 206, 209, 226, 240,
248; campaign against Lee, VIIL,
250-2.56. 2,S3, 330, 336, 340;
quoted on arniv telegraph. VIIL,
341 .so/., 315; illness and ileath of,
IX., .32, 97, lOS, 111; with staff,

IX. , 113; inaiiguniti..ii, IX., 117;
inscription on tomb, IX., 117,

119, 124, 126, 127, 13(1, 1.S2, 243,
288; personal memoirs, IX., 290,
308. 317. 322; X., 19; during the
■nilderness, X., 29: on Lookout
Mnunt:iin. X., .30, 32; in lsi;3, X.,
33: bei.,re \'ick>biir<:. X., 35;
after \ iek-l>urg, X., 35: al United
St.'ites Milil:ir\' Ae.'ii |,-iii \ , X., 36;
in 1,S(14, X., :«; his ancest.ns. X.,
38; in the autumn of 186:!, X.,
39; in the .uilimin of ISiil. X., 39;
death of. X., tO; se]f-i'..ntidence
of, X,,4(); d, ( 'it v P' lini . in .lune,
1.864, X., 41; his skill as drill-
master. X., A J : on his first trip
north, X., 43: at Shiloh, X., 44; in
1865.x., 4.5; resignation from .army,
,Tiily 31, 1S54, X., 46; with staff in
1864, X., 47; with Gcn'i Rawlins,

X. , 49; at City Point, Va.. 1865,
X., 49; as an author, X., 50;
policies as President, X., 50; gen-
erosity of , to Confederal es,X., 136;
war horse "Cincinnati," X., 301.

Grant, U. S., ,Jr,, IX., 119.
Gr.ant, U. S., 3d. DC., 119.
Grant, Mrs. U. S.: IIL, 13; DC., 119.
Gr.'ipeviiie Bridge, ^*a., bridge across

the Chiekahominy river at, I.,

379, 299.
Grappe's Bluff, La., VL, 229.
Gratiot Street Prison, St. Louis,

Mo.. VIL, 44, 46, 54 seq.. 65 seq.
Gravelotte, losses at, X., 140.
Grave'sInfantrv,Confederate.I.,350.
Gray, M. M., VL, 267.
"Grays," N.y.Eighthlnf.. VIIL, 91.
Graysville. Ga., headquarters of,

R. W. Johnson, IIL, 105.

I

GREAT EMANCIPATOR

INDEX

HEINTZELMAN

"Great Emancipator," Lincoln, A.,
I., 67.

Great Falls, Md., I., 348.
Great Ogeechee River, IX., 169.
Greek fire u.sed by incendiaries,

VIII. , 312. .

Greelev, tforace: II., 31, 76; in
N. Y. Trihiiiir. VIII., (ifi, 294;

IX. , 397, 2:i'.i, 347.

Greeiv, A. W.: VIII., 9, 312, 342,

34.3; X., 25.
Green. A. .J.. I., lO.'J.
Gri'cn. C, VI., ll!l.
Grvvn, E., VIII., Ui
Green, M. E., X., 151.
Green, T.: II., 334, 342, 340, 3.")2;

VI., 147; X., U3.
Green Chapel, Ky., II., 32S
"Cireen Mountain Boys": at drill,

VIII. , 64, 65.

Green River, K'y., IV., 14,S.
Greenbrier, W. V;i., I., 3.52.
Greene, F. V.. VIII., 192.
Greene, G. S.: II., 01, 0.), 70, 2r)0;

IX. , 213; X., :iU5.

Greene. S. I)., VI., 30, 1.'.9, 174, 170.
Greenhnw, 1!., VII., 20(1.
Greenliow, Mr-:, lin^r <)., nnd

dauf;hliT. VII., 3!, 07. 21111, 2:-;ii.
Greenlcaf, ('. !!.. VII., 221.
Greenpoint, \. V.. VI., 312.
Greenville, La., vi'ater tank at, IV.,

59 seq., 32,s.
Greenville, Tenn.: III., 331); IV.,

176.

Greenwalt, C., VII., 181.
Greer, E., X., 3Vi.
Greer, H. I., VIII., 117.
Greer, R. W.. VIII., 117.

Greg?, D. McM.: III., 324. 328, 330,
332, 338, 3111, 342; IV., 21; with
staff, 39, 32. 41. r,A. s\, ,S0, 128,
303, 224, 220. 230. 231, 230, 237,
240, 246, 247, 202; V., 37; X., 95.

GreftK, : H-, 2SS, :i34; V., 157.

Gregs, .M., X., l.ll.

Gregg li:itter\, Cumming's Point,

c, II., 3:;:;.

fln-i."-', I'ciri, \'a. f.?ee also Fort

(irrLT-, \ I., .309.
Gre^hain, \V. (^, X., 203.
Gribeaiival carriages, V., ■'>0.
Giier. .Judge, VII., 29, 30.
Grier.son, B. H.: II., 20.5, 332; III.,

324, 326; IV., 34, 110, 130; at

Baton Rouae, I,a., IV., 131 s,.j.;

and .staff, IV., 133 seq., 134. 137,

2tl, 202.

Griffin, C; I., 159, 162, 16,5; II., 81,
324; III., 287, 336, 344; field
natteries, V., IS seq., 20 -vq ; with
staff, v., 21; IX., 266; X., 200.

Griffin, S. G., X., 319.

Griffin, Ga., VII., 266.

Griffith, J., v., 65.

Griffith, R., II., 328; X., 149.

Grimes, B., X., 279.

Griswoldville, Ga., III., 338.

Grose, W., X., 203.

Gross, F. H., VII., 226.

Grosvenor, C. H.: III., 268; X., 237.

Grosvenor House Hospital, Alex-
andria. Vn., VII., 235.

Grover, C; II., 21,5, :«2; X., 311.

Groveton, Va.: II., 46, 47, .50, 322,
v., 34.

Grubb, E. B.. X., 319.

"Guard Examining Passes,"
Georgetown Ferrv, VIII., 81.

'■ Guard-mount," 164th N. Y.,
VIII., 183.

Cuibor's battery. Confederate, I.,
352.

GuineV, P. R., I., 343.
Guinev's Station, Va., V., 260; IX.,
89, 91.

"Gulf and Inland Waters, The."

A. T. Mahan, quoted, I., 230.
Gulf blockading squ.adron, VI., 1S4

.^eq.

"Gulf Coa-t j;,airison," VIII., 161.

(luilhnnt .V.i. 7. 1. S. S., VIII., 297.

(!,inh„,il A ... .53, r. .'-5. S., VI., 305.

Gunboats Confederate: iriadcquac\-
f)f, VI., 77, 79; in Hamilton
Roads, VI., 77; on the Mississippi
River. VI., 218; in Mobile Hav,
VI., 252; on the .James Ki\> r. VI.,
79, 26.5; in Carolina water-, VI.,
270.

Gunboats, United States: unarmed
conning tower on, I., 341; t,vpe <^f,
I., 341; converted ferryboat, type
of, VI., .57, .59; converted passenger
steamer, type of, VI., 61; on the

Potomac River,VI.,92seg.;firston
Western rivers, VI., 214; bayou ex-
peditions of, VI., 226; on upper
Tennessee River, VI., 233; in
Edisto River, VI., 236; "Web-
footed," VI., 237, 262, 263; char-
acter of. purchased, VI., 271;
ai tivilv of, on .lames River, VI.,
27.5; IX., 165.

Gunpowder; manufacture of, V.,
12S; Confederate.supplyof, V.,150.

fUmpovvder Creek, Md., V., 80.

Guns: mtirkeil " General Magruder,
Ytirktown." ill t lie positions where
tlie.\ defied .McT'lellan's army a
month, I»,251; siege guns on the
Jiimes River, I., 311; sea-co;ist, V.,
1 7; siege, V., 24 .sc. ; sea-coast, V.,,
21 .s< (/.; Armstron^^ V., 02; Blakelv
v., 02; llotchkiss, V., 02; .lames,
V.,(i2; Parrott,V.,62; Whitworth,
v., 62; captured at Chattatioogti,
Tenn., bv Federal armv, V., 6.%
163; smooth 24-pounder, V., 125;
n.aval Dahlgren 11-inch, V., 133;
Rodman, V., 133; Parrot 8-incli,
v., 133; Parrot t 10-pounder, V.,
135; 20-in'-h smooth bore, V.,
137; largc-t, 137; handling, V.,
13:); Parrntt, V., 139; smooth-
liore, v., 140; N.apoleon, V., 14 );
fielil I^arrott rifled, V., 140; V.,
141; rifled 8-inch and lO-inch,
v., 150; field gims, battery bef()re
Sumter, V., 151; siege, V., 170;
heavy siege on James River, V.,
309.

Guntersville, Ala., VI., 233.
Guntown, Miss., III., 124.
"Guthrie Gravs." Cincinnati, O.,

Ohio Sixth Inf., VIII., 82.
Guy's Gap, Tenn., II., 340.
Guvandotte, W. Va., I., 3.54.
Gw'in, W.: I., 204, 205 seq.; II.,

200; VI., 316.

H

Ilahunii, ship, VI., 290.

Habeas Corpus; suspension of. by
order of I^resident Lincoln (1861),
VII., 104, 190; writ, dates of sua-
jiension of, VII., 197; writ in the
South. VII., 199, 210, 212; power
of suspension of, delegated hy
Congress to President Lincfjln,
March 3, 1863, VII., 202.

ILickleman, P. A.: II., 324; X., 137.

Haden, surgeon, VII., 222.

Haddock, J. IL, II., 118; IX., 63.

Hagan, M., IV., 190.

Hager.stown, Md.: II., 68, 70, 240,
340; III., 144.

Hagerstown I^ike, Md., II., 63, 67.

Htigood, .J., X., 2H3.

Haine-s, P. C, I., 387.

Hale, J. P.. VIII., 275.

Hale, N,, VIIL, 24.

Half Mountain, Kv., II., 352.

Hali.-iv. D. .L, IV., 1.54, 1.56.

Hall, J. A., VIIL, .328.

Hall, N. J.: II., 205; charge at Get-
tvsburg, IL, 205.

Hall, ]{. H., X., 161.

Ilalleck, IL W.: I., IIS. 120, 185,
338; IL, 24, 39, 43. 51 s.;,., .58,
02, 13S. 144 .s.,/.. 190, 191, 198,
216, 290, 31S. :{31; III., 24, 60;
IV., 1.59, 322; V., 42; VII., 58, 98,
1110, 100, 110, 174; X., 164, 165.

Hallsville, -Mo., I., 350.

Halltown, Va., IL, 342; III., 330.

Halpine, C. G. C 'Miles ( I'Hc-illv") :
IX., 174, 170 seq., 179, :il.S; X.,
229.

Hambleton, J. P., VIL, 133.
Hamblin, J. E., X., 233.
Hamilton, A., I., 17.
Hamilton, A. .L, X., 307.
Hamilton, C. S.: IL, 1.52, 1.54, 324;
X 309.

Hamihon' F. H., VII., 226; X., 292.
Hamilton, .S.; L, 200; IL, 324; X.,
333.

Hamilton, N. C, VL, 264.
Haiiiilton's Crossing, Va.: II., 84,

115; IV., 9S.
Hamlin, C, X., 309.
Hamlin, IL. X., 13.
Hammond, .1. F., I., 397.
II.aiTiinond, ,1. II.; with Gen'l

Sherman, L, 248; VL, 30.
Ilaiiiiiiond, W. A.: VIL, 217, 224;

1.1 t.T from, VIL, 3110. 334, 347.
Hampton, P., IV., 110.

Hampton, W.: II., 326, 340, 3,50;

III. , 42, 198, 324, 330, 332, .342,
344; IV., 41, 96, 108, 110, 128,
203, 202, 369 seq.. 274 seq., 270,
280: VIL, 203; VIIL, 304; IX., 41 ;
garden of. IX., 313; X., 247,252.

Hampton, ^'a.: I., 260, 262; Chesa-
peake hospital at, VIL, 233.

Hampton Roads, Va.; I., 226, 239,
200, 3.58, 364; .schooners loaded
with ammunition at, V., 175;
VL, 36 seq., 40, .50, 61, 82. 100,
104, 110, 130, 156, 168, 174, 181,
269, 2.S3, 310, 312.

Hampton's Legion: of South Caro-
lina, L, 295, 3.50; batter\', IV.,
232; IX., 313; X., 1,50.

Hancock, W. B., II. , 340.

Hancock. W. S,: L, 27(1; IL, 72, 93,
237, 2H, 2 Pi, 25(1, 2.50, 2(j2; III.,
34, :iii, 10, 12. n;, in, 51, 02, 04,
07. 09. 72, N.3, M, SO, ,S,S, 100. 2(l.s.
31K; IV., 27.-!; v., 35, :«; VIL,
151; VIIL, 9.S, 177, 232, 240, 2,52;
IX., 221; X., 179, 190, 192.

Haiidv, E. G.. I., IS,

Handy, I. \V. K.. VIL, 21.

Hanging Rock, W. \'a. Same a.s
Ronmey, W. \"a., L, 352.

Hanging liock Pass, Va., I., 356.

Hannibal, I., 30.

Hanover, Pa., IL, 340.

Hanover, Va.:L,314; III., .322;V., 21.

Hanover Court House, Va.: I., 393,
343, 364; IV., 203; V., 30 seq.

Hanover Ferrj', Va., IV., 247.

Hanover Junction, Va., IX., 339.

Hanoverstown, Va.: III., 82, 322.

IV. , 203, 247.
Hansa, steamer, I., 60.
Han.son, R. W., II., 336; X., 151.
Hardee, W. J.: I., 200 seq., 208.

360; II., 170, 306, 318; III., lOS,
11.5, 118, 132, 134, 138, 22.5, 226,
227, 236, 238, 246, 248, 330, 340,
.342. 341; VIL, 80; VIIL, 182, 190,

337, 302; X., 40, 347, 260, 20(i.
Hardemtiii. W. P., X., 313.
Hardie, J. A., X., .311.
Hardin, M. A., VIL, 13.3.
Hardin, M. D., VIIL, 109.
Harding, A. C, X., 199.
Hardy, S., VIIL, 113.
Harewood Hosoital, near Wa.shing-

ton. D. C: VIL, 385, 394, 395;
ambulance trains at. VIL, 313.

Harker, C. G.: IIL, 102, 117, 122,
.322; X., 139.

Harlan, E. R., L, 14.

Harlan, John M.: IV., 1.50, 152;X.,24.

Harney, W. S., IV., 20.

Harover. " Bill," IV., 329.

Harper, K., X., 242.

Harper's Ferry, Va.: 1., 142, 302;
schooners on the James River at,
I., 335; Westover Hou.se, head-
quarters of Gen'l Porter, I., 335
364: II., 56, 58 seq., 63, 73,
76, 323, 324, 32.'>; IIL, 10,
28,148; rV., 76, 171; V., 36, 62;
bridge at, V., 80; armory at, V.,
132, 1.54, 156, 22X; arsenal of,
VIIL, 82, 111; battle at, IX., 1.57;
engagement at, IX., 345; X., 110.

Harper's Weekli/, artist of, at Getty.s-
burg battlefield, VIIL, 31.

Harpeth Kiver, Tenn.: IL, 332;
IIL, 2.58, 260; IV., 256.

Harriet, U. S. S., II., 330.

Harriet Lane, U. S. S.: VL, 93, 96,
100, 190, 269, 272, 308, 316.

Harris, D. B.. X., .317.

Harris, E., VIL, 135.

Harris, J. C., IX., 142.

Harris, J. E.. V., 65.

Harris, M., IX., 3.34.

Harris, N. H.. X., 377.

Harris, T. M.: VIL, 307; X., .311.

Harrisburg, Pa.: IL, 04. 240, 212;
IV., 32S; VIIL, S7.

Harrison, B., X., 19.

Harrison, Mrs. B. N.. VIL, 296.

Harrison, D. C, VIIL, 110, 115.

HarrLson, G. O., I., 14.

Harrison, G. P., Jr., IL, 350.

Harrison, J. E., X., 313.

Harrison, N. B., VL, 190.

Harrison, T.. X., 315.

Harrison's Battalion, Confederate,
I., 3.50.

Harrison's Landing, Va.: the kev to
Washington, D. C, L, 131,321,

338, .341. 352: IL, 21: group
taken at, IL, 93; V., 2:i(l, 239;
headquarters at, VIIL, 317.

Harrisonburg, Va.: I., 308, .366;

III., 158; IV., 102, 104, 172, 177.
Harrodsburg, Ky., II., 326.
Harrow, W., X.," 91.
Hart, A. B., IX., 219.
Hart. J. E.. VL, 217.
Hart. N.. VIIL, 387.
Hart's Battery, I., 3.58.
Hartc, Francis Bret: IX., 35, 182,

200, 209, 211, 233, 237.
Hartford. Conn., VIIL, 62.
Hartfvrd, V. S. S.: I., 72 seq., 227,

231; IL, 210, 211; VL, 22, 48,

55, 1.S4, 185, 187, 191, 303, 242,

34.3, 244, 247, 251, 2.52, 254, 2.56,

31S; IX., 107.
Ilartranft, J. F.. IIL, 2.82; X., 296.
Hartshorn, W. H., L, 348.
Hartsuff, G. L., II., 324; X., 193,

232.

Hartsville, Mo.. IL, 330.
Ilart.-iville, Tenn., IL, 108, 326.
Hartsville Road, Tenn., I., 368.
Ibirtwood Church, Va., IL, 326.
Harvard Iniversity, Cambridge,

Ma.ss.: IX., 33; Commemoration

ode, J. R. Lowell, IX., 23, 26;

commemoration services held at,

rX., 2.56.
Harvey Birrh, U. S. S., VL, 310.
Hascall, M. S., X., 93.
Hasker, boatswain of the Merrimac,

VL, 182.
Haslett. W. B., VIIL, :j3.
Hatch. E.. IIL, 3:iS; X., 305.
Hatch, J. P., v., 34; X., 321.
Hatcher's Run, Va.: IIL, 278, 287,

293, 3.38, 340, 342; V., 264.
Hatchie River, Miss, and Tenn.,

IL, 160.

Hats: various styles of, worn by

soldiers, VIIL, 95.
Hatteras, N. C, VL, 103, 104, 163,

283.

Hntteras, 1 1. S. S., VI., 294, 316.

Hatteras Fort, N. C. (see also
Fort Hatteras. N. C), VL, 269.

Hatteras Inlet, N. C, VL, 100, 104,
115, 125, 268, 269.

Hatton, R„ I., 364; X., 149.

Haupt, H.: IL, 135; V., 91, 27.5;
working as foreman on the niili-
tarv railroad, V., 377, 278, 282,
284, 289, 294, 296.

Havana, Cuba. V., 160; VI., 291.

Han loch, C. S. S.. VL, 119.

Hawes, J. M., X., 367.

Hawes Shop, Va., III., 322; IV.,
203, 247.

Hawkes, surgeon Fiftieth N. Y. Inf.,
VIL, 265.

Hawks, W. J., X., 103.

"Hawk's Nest." Lookout Moun-
tain, Tenn., VIIL, 325..

Hawk's Nest, W. \-a., I., 350.

Hawkins, li. C. IL, 100; X., 285.

Hawlcv, J. R., X., 197.

Hawthorne, A. T., X., 259.

Haxall's, Va., VL, 77.

Haxall's Landing, Va.: IV., 126;
VIL, 345.

Haves, J., III., 204; VII., 45.

Hayes, J. A., IX., 289.

Hayes, R. B.: IL, 29; IIL, 165, 322;

IX. , 30; X., 19, 96.

Haynes' Bluff, Miss.: IL, 185, 186,

189, 200, 214; VL, 207, 316.
Haynesville, Md., I., 348.
Havnie, I. N., X., 199.
Hays, A.: IL, 263; IIL, 40; X., 135.
Hays, H. T.: IL, 63; IIL, 318; X.,

ill.

Hays, W., I., 287; X., 190, 305.
Hazard, J. (i., X., .305.
Hazel Run, \ a., I., 45.
Hazelhurst, Miss., IV., 134.
Hazen, W. B.: I., SO, 207; II., 274

seq.; IIL, 226, 231, 233, 235, 236;

VL, 2:i0; VIIL, -iZi, 336; IX.,

I(i9; X., 23, 76, 89.
Hazlctt. C. E.:II.,249, 2.52, 253 254.
Hea.lli-\-, J. W.. VIIL, 9.
Hebert', I... IL, 1.50. 214 ; X., 371.
Hebert, P. O., X., 254. 256, 271.
Heckman. C. A., X., 226.
Hedlev, F. Y.; VIIL, 9, 180, 202;

X. 25.

Heger, A., VIL, 63.

Heilsburg. losses at, X., 140.

Hciiier, I).. I., 241.

Ilcint7cliiiaii. S. P.: I., 44. 1.50.
1.52, 155, 1,50, 200, 280, 288, 292,
323, 30S; with staff. IL, 45 seq.,
.50; VIL, 376, 277; VIIL, 370 seq.;
IX., 266; X., 181, 194.

[3d Ed.]

[336]

IlELKNA

INDEX

INDIANA TROOPS

Helena, Ark.: I., 108, 249 , 305;
II., 198, 340, 343; VI., 22(5, .ili;;
X., I'M.

'• Hell Hole," Ga. (see al.so Now

Hope Cluiroh, Ga.), III., 62.
Hrhn. H. H., II., 2SS; X., 15».
Hi'lrii, W. \V., VII., 13.5.
I Icmiiiiii','. siTjieniit , VIII., 12.").
UriKlrrsuii, C. |-. H.: I., 112;

II., ss. 1 l.'i; (luotcil, IX., NT, ill ;

X., 12(1: talilc ni pereeiilaws uf

lossr., X., 122, 120.
Ui ncli'isnii llills. I.a., II., .3.)!).
llcnilcTsnn's Hr.HVv Artiller\-, Cdti-

lederale, VIII., '383.
Henlev, W„ I., 3,'»3.
Henrv. G. V., V., l.')l; X., Ti^.
Il.-iuv, Mis., v., 11).
Ilenn . P., IX., 229.
lliiiiA. I'cMl, 'I'i'iiTi. (see ;ils(i I'lirt

llrlir\ , I'rlHi.l. I., Ill; II., :i21.
//,;,;■// (7.,v, I'. S. S., 11., 212.

Ilnirv Hill \a.; I., l.'.'i, lii2; V.,
is..,

Henrv Hmisr. Bull Hun, Va.: I.,
1 ti. ir,9, l(;.->; v., 19; IX., 8.5.

•■Her Letter," by V. I5ret Harte, I.,
tl).

;/,).,/./, M. v., I., ()2.

Hcrhi ii, H. A.: I., SS; VIII., 135;

X., 7, 11. 12(1 xiy.
Heriian.li /. p.lul, VII., tfS.
Hen.iMii; iiwfaiire-i of, VIII., 186.
Henild, n. i:., VII., 2(l.">.
Herroii, F. J.; division, II., 342; X.,

1S4.

Herverson, L., IV., 166.

Herzog, C, VIII., 321.

He.spin. .J. T., VII., 133.

Heth, H.: II., III., 204;

IV., 3'11: X., 109, 2SU.
Hetvl. V. S. .-J., I., 356.
Heu.stis. .1. F., VII., 352.
Hiekeiilooper, .\., I., 353.
Hi.-knian. Kv., VI., 310, 320.
His.'i;ins, H. [.., IX., 350.
HiL'L'ins, K., I.,2:i();VI., 197;X.,271.
Higiliuson, T. W., IX., 352.
Hisih Bridge, Va., III., 311, ,346; V.,

270.

■ -High Tide at Gettysburg," IX., 22.
"Highfiy," hor.se of ,J. E. B. Stuart,
IV., 312.

Hiahlanders, uniform of, VIII., 78.

Hill, A. P.: I., 317, 319. 322, ,326,
330, 3.34, 339, 36S; II., 24, 27, 29,
41, 52, 62, 63, 68, 73 seq., 240
seq., 320, 334, 340, 344: III., 34,
.38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, .56, 84,
86, 196, 208, 278, 294, 31s. 330,
340; v., 62, 66; VII., 20; VIII.,
178, 196, 246, 2,54; X., HI), 143,
259.

Hill. B. .1,. VII., .52; X., -297.

Hill. C. \V., VII., 04, 09.

Hill, D., I., 302.

Hill, n. B., II., 59.

Hill, D. D.. I., 26.5.

Hill, D. H.: I., 270, 283, 290, 292.
319, 322, 326, 330; II., 04 xr,/., 06,
67, 70, 72, 231, 27s, ;124. 344; V.,
64; VII., 102, 109, 340; IX., 201;
X., 2*5, 206.

Hill, S. G., X.. Ml.

Hill, Mr., I., 233.

Hill plantation. Ark. (see also
Bayou Cache, Ark.), I., 368.

Hill plantation. Miss., II., .336.

Hill's rampart, Yorktown, Va., I.,
265.

Hilton Head. S. C: the 10-in. Co-
lumbiadat Fort \Valkerat,I.,35J;
the Southern naval base of the
blockading squadron, I., 359; II.,
30, 349; V., 151, 2.59; VI., 22, 57,
58, 117, 313, 316; Island, Port
Royal Bay, VIII., .337; IX., 176;
burial ground at, IX., 275; cap-
ture of, IX., 275, 352, 3.53.

Hillver, W. 8., I., 181; X., .31.

Hindnian, T. C: I., 210; II., 282,
2SS, 326; III.. Ill); X., 2,57, 266.

Hines, T. H., VIII., 302.

Hinks, E. W., X., 215.

Hiser, H., V., 29.

"History of the Civil War in .\iner-
iea," by Conite de Paris, II., 82.

" History of the ( 'onfedrrate War,"
h\- G.-o. C. I'.srjrleston, I., 312.

Hllrhrork, F. A., VII., IIU. 10.5.

//. L. HiinUu. C. S. S.. first sub-
marine bcjat, VI., 274, .320.
Hobson, E. H.. II., 3411; X., 207.
Hodse, G. B.. X., 269.
Hodgen, J. T., VII., 226

Hodg.son, W. I., I., 199.

Hoerner, private, VIII., 125.

Hoff, A. H., VII., 318.

HolTman, W., VII., 38, S3 s«y., 64.

Hogg, .1. L., X., 313.

Hoke, H. F.: II., 334, 3.52; III., 84,

l!ll), 322, 3)2, ;!ll; X., 111.
Holdcn, v.. I., 19.
Holland, .1. <;., IX., 37.
Iloll.ns, G. N.: I., 219 siq., :500; VI„

S5, ISd, 218.
Hollow siinare, maneuver for new

soldi. is, VIII., .58.
Hollv SpriiiL's, .Miss.: II., 1011, 204,

32S; IV., 110; X., 48.
HolK'wood Ceriielerx , Kichinonil,

\'a.: soldiers' gravi's, IX., 283.
Holmes, (). W.: I., 01; IX., 33, 43,

II, 45; X., 24.
Holmes, T. II.: I., .305. 30S; II., .3411,

313; v., 70; X., 219, 274.
Holsloii Kivrr. Temi., III., 10.

Holt, .1., VII., im.

Holtz. law, ,1. T.. X.,253.

H. Guards, II., 3.34. 340, 350.

Hoiirv Hill. S. C., III., 340.

Hoiiin- Spnm's. I,i,|. Ten, II., 342.

Honk, 1,. C, II., .322.

Honk's battaliiiii (see also Tenn.
Third, l iuoiii, II., 322.

Hooil, .1, IS.; I., I Is, ,s,,y., 128, 134,
178, 32S, -AVI. :iil2; II., 48, .59, 68,
107, 252, 25.-,, 2SI1 2SS; III.,

19, HIS, III, 112, r;3, 125, 127,
1311, 131, i:!2, i:i3, 13 1 1,;5, 13S,
210, 214, 2lli. 21S, 22(1, 223, 22S,
236, 23S, 2l!l, 251, 252, 25;!, 254,
256, 257, 25S, 259, 2rill, 204, 20S,
209, 270, .ils, :i2(i, .320, :i28, 330,
33S, .i HI, :; I 1 ; IV., :; 1, 1,53; V.,
.50; VIII., 2117, 21(1, 252, :S32, 3.36,
:34ll; IX., 01; X., H i. 202.

Hooker, .lames, II., L';!S, 240 seq.

Hooker, .loseph: I., 113, 268, 270,
2SS, 211S; II,, 45, ts, w.i, 68 seq.,
84, S5, SO, 87, 10(1, 1(11, 102, 104
.si '/.,277;new plan of eanipaignand
its frustration by, II., 105, 100,
HIS, 112, siq., 120 seq.; his staff,
II., 109; headquarters, II., 121,
122 seq.. 128; with staff, II., 128,
203, 228 seq., 296, 300; camp
at base of Lookout Mountain,
Tenn., II., 303; captures. Look-
out Mountain, Tenn., II., 305,
324, 328, 334; III., 39, 47, 116,
138, 320; IV., 122, 159, 167, 316;
v., 212, 294, 296; VII., 261;
VIII., IS, 95, 114, 226, 227, 234,
238. 204, 270, 325, 345; IX., 89;
with statT,X.,4ll,169, 161,168, 169.

Hoover Gap, Tenn., II., 340.

Hopkins, A., VI., 310.

Hopkins. G., VII., 318.

Hopkins, O., I., 105.

Horner, C. F., X., 2.

"Hornet's Nest," Shiloh, Tenn., I.,
202, 200, 209.

Horse artillery. V., 33.

Horse Shoe Bend, Ky., II., 334.

Horses (see also Cavalry) : sentr>*
guarding feed for Federal, 1804,
IV., 67; killed in battle, IV., 105
srq. : types of. for which the North-
'■rn ."States were rans.aeked, IV.,
3l:i, :il5.

Ii,jrs,;,sho,. Hidge, Ga., II., 284.

Hospitals: camp near Washington,
D. C, VII., 15; construction,
good type of, developed during
the war, VII., 215; on the firing-
line, VII., 22."); nearest the fiercest
fighting, VII., 233; field and
temporar\-, VII., 2.56 seq.; field,
VII., 256-272; two of the first
field, VII., 257; emergency car-
riage- and wagon-shops converted
into, VII., 258; spring vehicles
serving as, VII., 258; work in a
farm-house, Jime, 1862, VII.,
261; tents, value of, recognized
in .\pril, 1862, VII., 271; field.
Confederate, chaplains' services
in, VII., 272; their adaptability
to change of position, VII., 272;
general, VIL, 273-290; per-
manent and general, VII., 278;
construction and arrangement of,
VII., 2S0; largest in the world,
VII., 2S4; ■'\Va,\side," erected at
ini[iortant points of junction,
VII., 2SS; priv ' ■, of the South at
the beginning f the war, VII.,
2911; private of the South, laws
pas.sed prohibiting them, VII.,

292; rapidity in construction of,
VII., 295; Catholic sisterhood
supplying nurses for, VII., 296;
at New Berne, N. C, VII , 3.33.

Hotchki.ss, X., 103.

Honsalnnie, F. .S. S., VI., 270, 320.

Houston, S., IX., 93.

Houston Hills, Tenn., IIL, 26L

Hovev, A. P.: II., 334; VII., 200;
X., 203.

Hovev, C. 1 ., X., 199.

Howard, C., VII., 198.

Howard, F. K.. VII., 198.

Howard, .1. B., VIII., 39.

Houard, ( 1. I I.: I., :iOI ; II.. s|, <ll,
Ids, I 12, 1 1 -I, 2l«i. 2.v.>. :;pi: III.,
nil, I 10, |:;l, 22-', 221, 2."i, 2:',2,
231, 211, 215, 248, 32S; IV., 50;
v., 212; VIII., 18; IX., 01, 63; X.,
76, 17(1, 171.

Howard, I'., I., 179.

Howe, ,\. 1'., VII., 209; X., 209.

Howe, .1., X., 2.

Howe, .luli.i Ward: IX., 17: "I'.altle
Hymn of the HepuOiir," IX., 211,
122, 151, 150, 15,-.

Howe, S. (;,, VII., 3311; IX., 17, 1.54.

Howell, 11, K., VI., :{(»1.

Howell, .1. H., X., 293.

Howiiz.T ( :i'-e < 'lull, v., 5s.

Howiiz. r Fan Clul., V., 5s.

Howlt/.■l,^. v., l:i5, 167.

"Howlett's" battery; I., 119; V.,
89.

Howlett's house, Virginia, VI., 265.
Ilniniunh, V. S. S., III., :'.I2.
Hu.liiofs I'lalHation, l a,. III., 318.
Hud.son, N. v.. III., 22 1.
Hud.son, P., L, 81.
Hudson farnilinuse, \'a., II., 14.
Hudsonville, .Miss., II., 320.
Huev, P., IX., 03; X., 303.
Huff's Ferr\-, Tenn., II., 341).
Huger, B.; I., 290, 330, 3(i4, 3(;.S;

battalion, v., 73; VII.. 100; X.. 283.
Huger, F., V., 73.
Huger, T. B., VI., 191, 192, 193.
Hughes, .1. T., I., 350; II., 320.
Hughs, J. M., VIII., 275.
Huguenin, H., III., 172.
Huguenin, T. A., III., 333.
Humansville, Mo., I., 360.
Humes, W. Y. C, X., 297.
Flumphrey, J. P., V., 65.
"Humphrey's Journal," quoted, I.,

30, 44.

Humiihreys, A. A.: II., SI, 100;

III , 3S; VIII., 252; X., 179, 192.
Ilumphiies, B. G., X., 275.
Hunehback, U. S. S.: I., 356; VI.,

175, 316.
Hunlev, H. L., VI., 270.
Hunt,"H. ,1.: III., 180; V., 30 seq.,

38, 180; IX., 217, 223.
Hunt, O. E.: V., 18, 1,56, 172, i::4,

222; VI., 230.
Hunter, A., VII., 162.
Hunter, D.; I., 150, 1.52, 155, 361;

II., 30; in., 140, 144, .322, 324;

v., 2.59; VI., 313; VII., 207; IX.,

(59, 170; X., 17.5, 178.
Huntingdon, D. L.. VII., 224.
Hunton, E., X., 319.
Huntsville, Ala.. VIII., 300.
l/iintsville, V. ^. S,, VI., 316.
Hurd, A., VII., 13.
Hiirlbut, S. A.: I., 193, 204, 200,

208, 360; II., 14S. 100. 212, 324;

v., 44; X., 191. 222, 294.
Huron, U. S. S., III., 342.
Huse, C, v., 1.58.
Hurst, S. H., X., 231.
Hutchinson family, IX., 344.
Huvck, M. A., VIII., 363.
Hydaspes, India, I., 124, 129.

I

Illinois troops:

Artillery: First, Battery B, I.,
354, 356; Battery D, 1., 356;
Second Battery A, I., 3.5S; II.,
322, 330; Battery D, I., 350; Bat-
tery E, I., 358.

Light Artillery: First, V., 41;
Battery C, Officers of, V., 43.

Cavalry: Fir.st, V., 352; .Second,
II., .322, 328; Third, I., .3.58;
Fourth, II., 322; III., 342: Fift ,
I., 308; III., :jlS: Sixth, IL, 332;
Seventh, II., .332; Ei^d,th. II.,
330; IIL, 320; IV., lls; Ninth,
n., 320; Eleventh, II., 322; IIL,
342; Twelfth, IL, 324, 32S, 330:
IV., 118; Thirteenth, I., 3(j8; IL,

3.52; Fourteenth, IL, .348; Fif-
teenth, I., 3.54 , 358; III., 328;
Sixteenth, IL, 348.

/«/'/«// v.- iii.^l, IIL, 324; Sec-
ond, IL, 3.511; Fifth, IL, ,348;
.Sevenlh, I., 175; IIL, 324, 332;
Eighlli. L, 170, 351,; II., .31' I. ^i-'s,
330; Xiiilh, I., 100, 35(;, II. , ;il2:
IIL, 324; X., 151: l-.-nlli, L, 17li,
3.5S, ,308; IL, :i2r,; i;i.-v.„il,, I.,
170, 350; IL, :US; III., :ilS;
Twelfth. I., I7(i. 3.50; IIL, .332;
Thirteenth, I., 352; Sixteenth,
I., 350; 35S; IL, 320; Si'ven-

teenth. IIL, :i3S; KisJ \il n -ut h, I.,

3.50; Tweiiiirih, I., 3511: IL, ;i22;
Twent\ -lii-i, I.,l 75, 3.52; IV., 292;
VIII., 2111 : r«. Ill \ 1 . ond, I.,
::5I: X., 121: Tu.n! x -1 lunl, I.,
:;52: IL, :;is; lun.u-lifih, I.,

:i5s; I'wi nl \ -si- .-nl h , L, 351;
THi-iil\.r,L'liih, I., 35r,: 4\M nl\-
iiii.ih. L, :;50: Tlurnnli, L, 351,
:i50: II.,:;22; 'I'lurU-lir: I. I., 354,
350:'riiii-u -rrniMl, L,:!5X: VIII.,
ISO, 2112: •riiiiu-ihiiil, L, :i52,
30S; Thirtv^litlh. L, :15S: Tlnrtv-
.sixth, I., 3.5S: X., 123: lo,-,~,s,
X., 1.54; Tliin\-M.\-..iiih, I., :i5S;
ThirU -eiL-lilli. J., :;52; IL, 109;
TLirl-.-miiili (s-.- :.|.*. ■■ViUrs'
Plial:ili.\"j,I.,350,:;t;il;F.,il,N-l,isl,
I., 35(1; I "ort.x -second, VI., 312;
Forty-third, II., 352 ; Forty-
fourth, I., 3.58 ; Forty-sixth,
I., 350; ]'ort\ -eighth. I., 350;
Forty-ninth, I., 350; Fiftieth,
IIL, .332; Fiftv-first, IL, .326;
Fifty-fifth, losses, X., 154; Fifty-
seventh, I., 350; IIL, 332; on
parade at Corinth, Miss., VIII.,
2.58; los-es ,,f, VIIL, 2.5:1; Fifly-
eiglifli, I., :i5i;; Fill > -nint h. 1.,
3.58; Si\U -^er,,nd, IL, :i2S: Sixty-
fifth, IL. ::2): Sc\riii\ -second,
headqiL-.ii.a- III. IL, -20.5; IIL,
31S: SrMaii\->i\lh, IIL, 318;
Eightieth, II. , 332, 1 ; i;ight\-
first, IIL, 324; Eighty-third, li.,
330; Ninety-first, II.,:i2S; Ninetv-
s,T.,iid. VIL, 75: Xinelv-tlurd,
IIL, :;:;2: X., 12::: 1m,m-, X., 154;
.\iiH-u-iilili, IIL, :;21: Niiiety-
iiiiith. II. , 331); One Hundred and
Fourth, IL, 320; One Hundred
and Sixth. II. , 328; One Hundred
and Seventh, IL, 346; One Hun-
dred and Eighth, IIL, 324; One
Hundred and Thirteenth, III.,
324, 328; One Hundred and
Fourteenth, III., 270, 324; One
Hundred and Nineteenth, II.,
328; One Hiinrlred and Twenti-
eth, III., 321; line Hundred and
Twent,y-second, IL, .328, 350;
One Hundred and Twenty-third,
IL, 332; One Hundred and
Twenty-sixth, IIL, 324.

Iniboden, .1. D.: II., 344, 348; V.,
HI; X., 10.5.

I,„i>< r,n!. V. S. hospital boat, VII.,
:;is, :ii'i.

Iiiiiiii-^iiHiit of nece.ssaries by

( 'oiitrdrrates, VIIL, 54.
In.lependcnce, Mo., I., 360; II., 320.
' 'Independent Rifles," Mobile, Al.a.,

L, 87.

Indian frontier: U. S. regulars in,

VIIL, 70.
Indian Hill (.see also Orchard Knob,

capture of), II., 301.
"Indian Home Guards," II. , 348.
"Indian Mound," Chattanooga,

Tenn., VIIL, 219.
Indkan Ridge, 1 a., IL, 3.32.
Indian Sharpshooters, on Marye's

Heights, VIL, 254.
Indian Town Creek, IIL, 305.
Inilian uiiiisings, VIIL, 79.
Indiana; Alorgan's raidsin,VIII.,18.
Indiana troops:

Artillery: First heavv. I., 25;

IL, 209; band of, VIIL, 197;

Baton Rouge, La., at, VIIL, 299;

First Batfer\-, I., 35s, 302; II. ,

332; Second, IL, 342, 352; Third,

I. , 368; Sixth, III., 324; Seventh,

II. , .326; Ninth, IL, 322; Thir-
teenth, IL, 324, 326; Twenty-
fourth, IL, .■i44.

Cnrnlnr First, I., 3.52, 368: IL,
310. 3.52: Company K. FV., 183;
Second. IL, 320: ill., 340: VIIL,
I'.IO; I'hinl, IL, 324: IV., US,
241; VIIL, 281, 289; Fourth, IIL.

[3d Ed.)

[337]

INDIANA TROOPS

INDEX

JUDAH

Indiana troops — Continued

338, 346; Fifth, II., 328, 346;
Sixth, VII., 161.

Infantry: First, II., 346; Sec-
ond, III., 328, .330; Third, II.,
336; Fifth, Co. C, IV., 146; Sev-
enth, I., 348, 3.52, 360, 366; III.,
324, 342; Eighth, I., 348, 3.58,
368; III., 326, 328, 330; Ninth,
I., 307, 348, 352, 354; Tenth,
I., 348, 356, 368; Eleventh. I.,
348, 356; Twelfth, II., 322; Thir-
teenth, I., 348, 352, 354, 360,
362; Fourteenth, I., 352, 356,
360, 364; VII., 13; Fifteenth,

I. , 352, II., 324; Sixteenth, II.,
322; Seventeenth, I., 352; II.,
324; Eighteenth, I., 35S; Nine-
teenth, I., 350; losses, X., 154;
Twentieth, I., 358; II., 340; III.,
207, 332; losses, X., 154; Twentv-
first, I., 250; II., 320, 330, 336;
VIII., 299; Twentv-second, I.,
3.56, 358; Twenty-third, V., 209;
Twentv-fourth, i., 368; Twenty-
fifth, I., 356; Twenty-seventh,
losses, X., 154; Thirty-first, I.,
356; Thirty-second, I., 3.54;
Thirty-third, II., 330; Thirty-
fourth, III., 346; Thirty-fifth,

II. , 326; Forty-third, I., 366;
II., 352; Forty-fourth, I., 356;
Fortv-.sixth, I., 366; II., 194;
Fiftieth, II., 324, 328, 352;
Fifty-first, II., 334; VII., 145;
Fifty-fifth, II., 322; Sixtieth,
II., 324; Sixty-fifth, II., 348;
Sixty-sixth, II., 322; Sixty-sev-
enth, II., 324; Sixty-eighth, II.,
324; III., 338; Sixty-ninth, II.,
322; Seventy-first, II., 322;
Seventy-third, II., 334; Seventy-
fourth. II., 324; Seventv-eighth,
II., 324; Eighty-fifth, II., 330,
336; Eighty-ninth, II., 324;
Ninety-third, III., 270, 324;
One Hundred and First, II., 332;
One Hundred and Sixteenth, II.,
348; One Hundred and Eigh-
teenth, II., 348.

Indianapolis, Ind.: I., 209; Camp
Morton, prison, VII., 71.

Indianola, V. S. S.: II., 330; VI.,
71, 81, 206, 318.

Indians: recruiting in Wisconsin
regiments, VIII., 75.

Information supplied to Confeder-
ates by sympathizers in the North,
VIII., 274, 288.

Ingalls, R.: III., 33; IV., 301; X.,
49.

Ingham Mills, Miss., II., 344.

Ingraham, D. N., VI., 124, 239, 318.

Inloes, C. E., VII., 125.

Innes, W. P., III., 211.

Ino, V. S. S., VI., 290, 293.

" Instruments of war and mercy,"

VII. , 359.

Intelligence Bureau, U. S. Army,

VIII. , 34.

Iosco, U. S. S., III., 342.
Iowa troops:

Cavalry: First, I., 356, 360; II.,
352; Second, II., 326, 332, 342,
344; IV., 132; II., 330; Third,
358, 368; III., 330; Fourth, I.,
364; II., 336; III., 330; Fifth, I..
35S, 362; II., 322, 330.

Infantry: First, I., 350; Second,

I. , 35t), 364, 368; Third, I., 352;

II. , .326; III., 324; Fourth, I., 358;

II. , 326, .348; III., 324, 330; Fifth,

III. , 326, 328; IX., 166; Sixth,
los.«es, X., 154; Seventh, I., 3.54,
356; Eighth, I., 354; III., 328,
330; Ninth, I., 3.58; III., 324, 330;
Tenth, I., 3.56; Twelfth, I., 356;
Fourteenth, I., 356; III., 330,
332; at Libbv Prison, Va., VIII.,
351; Eighteenth, II., 352; Nine-
teenth, non-commissioned officers
of, VII., 49; officers of. VII., 49;
enlisted men, VII., 51; Twenty-
first, II., 326, 330; Twentv-third,
II., 336; Twentv-ninth, II., 352;
Thirty-third, II., 3.52; Thirty-
fifth, II., 352; Thirty-sixth. 11.,
352; Thirtv-ninth, II., 32S; III.,
332- Fortieth, II., .3.52.

Iowa; response to first call, VIII.,
74; (mops furnished bv, VIII.,
2-1. enlistTTient, VIII., 251.

Irby, R., VIII., 113.

Ireland, Archbishop, VIII., 100.

Irish recruits in Wisconsin regi-

ments, VIII., 75; in Confederate
.\rmv, VIII., 118.

Irish Bend, La., II., 332.

"Irish Brigade": (Meagher's), II.,
92; officers of, II., 93; at battle of
Gettysburg, VIII., 100.

"Iron Brigade": men of, II., 339,
241. 244; IX., 223.

Ironclads; in action, I., 34; European
type, VI., 36, 38; first jeopardizes
Federal cause, VI., 36; Farragut's
opinion of, VI., 55; first Federal
contracts for, VI., 56; Confeder-
ates begin consitruction of, VI.,
73; Confederate attempts to
build, VI., 75, 191, 239; on the
Mis.sissippi, VI., 139, monitor.s
built during war, VI., 130; moni-
tors double-turreted, VI., 132,
175; monitors, sea worthine.ss of,
VI., 133, 146, 152; appointment
of board to investigate, VI., 1-34:
birth of, VI., 134; earl.\- . onstrur-
tion of, VI., 134; monitm- rcrnm-
mended hy naval board, VI., 135,
136, 137; n-|M.ils ,.f Federal of-
ficers on, VI., 137, 152; first test
of, against haul batteries, VI.,
139, 165; efficiency of new iron-
sides type, VI., 140; monitor,
river type, VI., 142, 147; first sug-
gested by Mallory, VI., 142, 144;
monitor, advantages of, VI., 143;
first plans for, by Cotifi'dcrate
naval board, VI., 141; monitor,
newer type of, VI., 145, 365;
Eads tvpe, VI., 148, 149, 150,
206, 214; first contest of, VI.,
155 seg., 176, ISO, 182; monitor,
disadvantages of, VI., 163, 179,
283, 286; precursor of steel ships,
VI., 167; first decisive engage-
ment of, VI., 171; monitor effi-
ciency against land batteries,
VI., 173; monitor, light-draft
type, VI., 177; monitor, endur-
ance of, VI., 179; first Federal in
Ossabaw Sound, VI., 241; moni-
tor, use of, in Mobile Bay, VI.,
2.54 , 256; VI., 319, 331.

Ironsides, U. S. S., VI., 267.

fronton, Mo., I., 352.

Iroquois, U. S. S.: VI., 48, 188, 190,
191, 193, 204, 293, 314.

Irvin, J. E., VIII., 113.

Irving, J., VIII., 381.

Irwine, C. K., VII., 3G5.

Irwinville, Ga.: III., 316, 346; cap-
ture of Jefferson Davis at, IX.,
295, 297.

Isaac Sm /7/i , U. S. S , ,VI., 57, 270,3 1 6.

IsaheJln. V. S. S., VT., 308.

Island Ford., \ a.. III., 326.

Island Number 10, Tenn.: I., 130,
187, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220,
221, 222, 223; surrender of, I., 236;
.abandoned, I., 243, 360; II., 15;
v., 44; VI., 149, 218, 312; cap-
ture of, VII., 319.

Itasca, U. S. S.: I.„ 232; VI., 190,
196, 204.

luka. Miss.: II., 148, 324; X., 156.
Iverson, A., X., 113.
Iverson, J. F., VII., 86.
Ivy, V. S. S., VI., 218.
Ivy Mountain, Kv. (see also Pike-
town, Ky.), I., 354.

J

Jack's Shop, Va., IV., 92.

Jacksborough, Tenn.. I., 3.58.

Jackson, A., IV., 22.

Jackson, A. E., X., 395.

Jackson, Miss C, X., 2.

Jackson, C. F.: I., 172, 353; II., 328;
X., 137.

Jack.son, G. G., VII., 147.

Jackson, H. R., X., 242.

Jackson, J. H., II., 329.

Jackson, J. K., X., 365.

Jack.son, J. P., VII., 90.

Jackson, J. S., II., 326; X., 133.

Jackson, N. J., X., 311.

Jackson, R. E., II., 106 seq.

Jackson, R. H., X.. 311.

Jack.son, T. J. (' 'Stonewall ") : I., 21,
36, 59, 112, 116, 121, 130,132, 134,
152;".Stonewall," how nicknamed,
I., 157, 204, 205, 218, 286, 299,
303, 304, 305 seq., 306, 307. 308,
.309, 310, 311, 314, 317, 318. 320,
324, 326, 329, 332, 343, 364, 31)6,
368; II., 4. 13 seg., 21, 22 seg.. 34,
38«es., 46,48, 58se2.,63,80,98,103;

flanking march of, a masterly and
daring strategic feat, II., 112, 114,
115, 320, 322, 324, ,328, 330, 3.34;
III., 45, 48; IV., 76, 78, 85, 89, 91,
93, 95, 102, 104, 122, 174, 177, 193,
306: v., 34 seq., 62, 66, 280; raid
on the Orange and Alexander
Railroad, V., 383; VII., 31, 216,

228, 245; VIII., 18; through \'ir-
ginia mountain trails, VIII., 36,
108, 128; "Foot Cavalry," VIII.,
171, 196, 246, 287; campaign of,

VIII. , 292, 340; IX., 24, 61, 63, 75,
84; valley campaign, IX., 87;
where killed, IX., 89; grave of,

IX. ,91, 124, 1,57,230; X.,28,6S,97;
during Mexican War, X., 97; bi-
ography of, 98 seg., 99; origin of
name, X., 100, 101; with stalT, X.,
103, 104; in the valley, X., 106 seq.;
appearance of, X., 110; at Chan-
till\', \'a., X., 1 12; pursuit of Pope,

X. ,'ll2; character of, X., lit.
Jackson, W. H., II., 344, X., 395.
Jackson. W. L., X., 317.
Jackson, C. S. S.: IV., 138, 139; VI.,

192.

Jackson, Camp, Mo. (.seeCamp Jack,
son, Mo.): first clash west of the
Mississippi, I., 173, 173, 346, 3,53.

Jackson, Fort, La. (see Fort
Jackson, La.), I., 220, 227, 228,

229, 230, 2:34.

Jackson, Miss.: I., 124; II., 183, 189,
213, 216, 334, 340; IIL, 326; V.,
106; capture of. IX., 317.

Jackson, Tenn., II., 148, 342.

Jackson Road, Vicksburg, Mi.ss.,
II., 197, 201.

Jacksonville, Fla.: I., 35, 42; II., 349;
VI., 312; signal tower, VIII., 335.

Jacobs. R. T., II., 334.

J. ,1. Cotton, C. S. .S., VL, 316.

James Adger, U. S. S., VI., 124.

James Gray, ship, VI., 122.

James Islami, S. C: I., 366; III., 342.

"James I'.ifles," V., 103.

Jaiiirs River, Va.: as it looked in War
time, I., 109, 110, 111 .scij.; peculiar
military situation on, I., 119; at
the point crossed by Gen. Grant,
L, 137; siege guns on, I., 311, 312,
315, 324, 335, 336, 33S, 340, 3(;4;
IL, 225; IIL, 17, 18, .320; IV.,
189; v., 12, 54; Federal trans-
portation on, in April, 1865,
Fort Darling, Drewrvs Bluff, V.,
133, 133; cros.sing of the, v., 336;
crossed by Grant, V., 339; pon-
toon bridge over the, V., 339, 240;
deep bottom at. V., 241, 246, 258,
260, 264,268, 306, 310; defenses
along, v., 311; VI., V.iO, 1.32, 175,
275, 314, 315, 320, 322; VII., .38,
60, 109, 281; VIII., 252, 317, 324,
363, 3()8, 382; mill on, near Rich-
mond, Va., IX., 306.

James River Peninsula, Va., I., 110.

James River Road, Va., IV., 85.

James River Squadron, C. S. S.,VI.,
289

Jameson, C. D., IX., 59.
Jame.stown, Va.: V., 313; church

ruins at, IX., 339.
Jamestown, C. S. S.: sunk in channel

of James River, Va., I., 109; VI.,

146, 162, 314.
Jamestown, U. S. S., VL, 119.
Jamestown I.sland, Va., V., 306.
Janes, H., I., 81.
Janues, Mr., I., 179.
JefTDaris, C. S. S., VII., 29, 34.
Jeffers, W. N.. VL, 153, 165.
Jefferson, T., L, 17; VII., 61.
Jerfer.son, Tenn., IL, 328; IV., 147.
Jefferson Dans. C. S. S. VI., 122.
".iefTerson Davis," horse of U. S.

Grant, IV., 391.
JeTersonville. Ind., T^. S. general

hospital at, VII., 211, 315.
Jenkins, A. G., IIL, 320; X., 317.
Jenkins, C. T., VII., 135.
Jenkins, D. C. IX., 1.58.
Jenkins, M.: IIL, 40, 48, 49; X., 1.5.5.
Jenkins Ferry, .^rk., IL, 3.52.
Jennings, "Bob," I., 179.
.lericho Ford, Va., IIL, 71. .322.
Jericho Mills, Va., pontoon bridge

at, approaches to, V., 220.
Jerome, signal officer, receiving

signals at Elk Mountain, Md.,

VIII., 330, .331.
Jesup, T. S., rX., 285.
Jeter^ville, Va.; acouts ride to, IIL,

309; v., 268.

Jewett, J. H., IX., 330, 331.
"John Brown's Body," IX., 17, 154.
"John Burns of Gettysburg,"

Francis Bret Harte, IX.," 35, 206
"Johnnie Reb," VIII., 124.
"Johnnie Rebs," VIII., 131.
• 'Johnny Rebs," IV., 190.
Johns, a surgeon, VII., 222.
Johns Island, S. C, IIL, 326.
Johnson, A.: VII., 205, 207 sen.,

208; IX., 128; X., 19, 48.
Johnson, A. R.: II., 322, 352; IV.,

318; X., 369.
Johnson, B. R. : I., 34, 360; IL, 256.

2,57, 282, 306; IIL, 330; IX., 311;

X., 295.

Johnson, B. T.: I., 342; IIL, 328;
v., 108.

Johnson, E.: IIL, 57, 62, 64, 70,
160, 306, 320; VII., 171; IX., 213;
X., 107, 244.

Johnson, F., V., 65.

John.son,J.,I.,100; IIL,333;IX.,337.

John.son, L,, IIL, 332.

Johnson, R., X., 305.

Johnson, R. M., X., 85.

Johnson. R. W., II., 172; IIL, 105;

IX. , 115; X., 220.
Johnson, S., quoted, IX., 292.
Johnson, W. C, X., 296.
Johnson, W. H., IIL, 330; V., 39.
Johnson, W. P.. quoted, X., 73.
Johnson Lsland Prison, O., VII., 44,

136.

Johnsonville, Tenn.: III., 357 seg.;
inadequate redoubt at, IV., 161
seq.

Johnston, A. S.: L, 9.5, 143, 182,
196, 197 seg., 202,203 SP9..36O; IL,
142; IIL, 137, 247; IV., 304, 318;
v., 183; VIL, 203, 241; VIII.,
196, 220, 2.83, 290, 340; IX., 93,
95; X., 143, 260.

Johnston, B. T., IL, 350.

Johnston, G. D., X., 377.

Johnston, J., III., 101, 102, 104.

Johnston, J. B., IIL, 248.

Johnston, J. D., VI., 2.54.

Johnston, J. E.: I., 36, 90, 124, 126,
12.S, 129, 132, 140, 146 seg., 150
seg., 152, 158, 160, 256, 264, 284
seg., 286, 296, 302; with Gen'l Lee,
I., 313, 340, 360, 362, 364; IL, 1,84,
193, 213, 216, 290, 312, 3.34. 340,
348, 3.50; IIL, 16, 19, 20, 106, 108,
109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115,
133, 130, 245, 248, 318, 322, 326,
344, 346; IV., 76, 171, 187, 268;
v., 19, 20 seq., 28 seg., 92, 208, 304;
VL, 250; VIL, 210, 241, 256; VIII.,
196, 3.52; IX., 22, 64, 167, 169,
170, 243, 244, 246, 295, 313, 318;

X. , 48, 62, 81, 90, 92, 96, 104,
341, 242.

Johnston, J. M., IV., 139.
Johnston, J. S., VIII., 290.
Johnston. R. D., IIL, 70, 306.
Johnston, W. P., I., 196.
"Joined the Blues," J. J. Rooney.

IX. , 322.

Joinvillc, Prince de: guest of the
Army of Potomac, I., 115; watch-
ingthe war, I. 117; at McClellan's
headquarters, I., 257, 295.

Jones, C. R., VL, 154, 182.

Jones, D. R.: IL, 59, 65, 75, 320;

X. , 363.

Jones, E. F., X., 313.
Jones, J., VIL, 80. 82.
Jones, J. M.: IIL, 42, 49; X., 153.
Jones, J. R,, X., 111.
Jones, P. H.. X., 239.
Jones, R.. VL, 1.54.
Jones, S.: IL, 164, 342; X., 351,
256.

Jones, W. E.: IL, 346, 348; IIL,
322; IV., 73, 86, 88, 104, 106; X.,
155.

Jones' Bridge, Va., IIL, 324.
Jones' Hay Station, Ark., IIL,
330.

Jones Island, Ga., VL, 237.
Jones Point, Va.. V., 102.
Jone.-boro, L'.'^nguille Ferry, Ark.,
IL, 320.

Jonesboro, Ga., IIL, 135, 138, 330.
Jonesville, Va.. II. , 34S.
Jordan, sergeant, II. , 39.
Jordan, T.: V., 71; VIL, 31; VIIL,

288; X., .317.
Jorker, J., V., 37.
Jouett. J. E.. VL, 45, 268, 310.
Judah. H. M., IX., 167; X., 93, 221.
Judah, C. S. S.: I., 352; VI., 268,

310, 339.

[3d Ed.]

[338]

JULIET

INDEX

LEE FORD

Juliel. V. S. S., VI.. 232.
Juniata, V. S. S., III., 342.
Junkin, G., IX., i;i2.
"Just Boforo thi> Hattli:, Mother,"
G. V. Hoot, IX.,

K

Kitnan, M. F.. X., 2n2.
Kanawha, V. S. S., VI., 314.
Kanawha Gap, W. \ a., I., 352.
Kane, T. L., X., 30.1.
"Kangaroo," horse of U. S. Grant,

IV., 294.
Kansas troops:

Artillery: First Battery, I., 3.52;

Second Batlerv, II., 342; Third

Battc rv, II., 342.

Camlry: Sec^ond, II., 342, 3.52;

III., 332; Fifth, I., 352; II.,

346,3.50; Sixth, I., 352; II., 342,

352; III., 32S; Seventh, II., 326;

Ninth, I., 352; II., 312; Tenth,

III. , 324.

Infaiitri/: First, II., 348; Sec-
ond, II.', 342; Third, II., 342, 348;
Fifth, II., 352; .Second Mounted,
I., 350.

Kansas: enlistment of troops from,
in Federal arni\', VIII., 102.

Kansas, U. S S., III., 342; VI., 273.

Kulahdin, U. .S. S.: I., 250; VI., 190.

Kate, C. S. S., VI., 106, 109.

Kautz, A. v.: III., 320, 322, 324,
330, 332, 338; IV., 2,53, 329; VII.,
307.

Kearney, S. W., X., 80.

Kearny, P.: I., 270, 288; II., 40,45,

4fi, 48, 51, .54, 322, IV., 316, 318;

VIII., 98, 220; the charge of, IX.,

22, 56, 57; at Fair Oaks, \'a.,

rX., 59; X., 131.
"Kearny at Seyen Pines," E. C.

Stedman, IX., 56.
Kearsarge, U. S. S.: III., 324; gun

of, IV., 303; VI., 38. 193, 290,

293, 300, 302, 304, 306, 320; IX.,

340.

Keating, W., X., 388.

Keedysyille, Md.: II., 66, 68; VII.,

263.

Keedysyille Road, Md., IV., 231.
Keedysyille Turnpike, II., 67.
Keenan, E. J., VIII., 337.
Keenan, P.: II., 118; charge at

Chancellorsville, IX., 63.
"Keenan's Charge," G. P. La-

throp, IX., 58.
Keetsvillc, Mo., I., 358.
Keifer, .1. W., X., 335.
Keily, D. .1., X., 307.
Keli; J., VI., 2S7.
Kell, .1. M., VI., 301; IX., 340.
Kell, Mrs. J, M., X., 2.
Kellars Bridge, Ky., III., .324.
Keller, J. M., VII., 244, 319.
Kelley, B. ¥., VIII., 103.
Kelley Ferry, Tenn., II., 296, 297,

999

Kelly,' J. H., X., 353.

Kelly Ford, Va.: II., 332. 342, 346;

IV. , 84, 197, 224, 226. 233, 238.
Kelly store, near Suffolk, Va., II.,

330.

Kelly's Batterj', Confederate, I.,
352.

Kelly's Infantry, Confederate, I.,
350.

Kellysyille, battle of, IX., S3.
Keniper, J. L., II., 264; X., 115.
Kenesaw Mountains, Ca.: III., 103,

117, 120 seq., 122, 210, 218, 248,

322.

Kenly, J. R., X., 311.

Kennebec. U. S. S., VI., 190, 204.
247, 251.

Kennedy, Capt., attempts to burn
New York City, VIII., 302.

Kennedy, J. D., X., 385.

Kennon, B., VI., 191. 192.

Kensfick, I., VII., 135.

Kensington, U. S. S.. VI., 316.

Kentucky; I., 178 seq., 218; VIII.,
76; Morgan raids in, VIII., IS;
army, roads of, VIII., 36, 76; en-
listment on both sides, VIII., 103;
military operations in, X., SS.

Kentucky troops. Confederate:

Cavalry: Morgan's, I., 358, 362.
Infaninr First, I., 356; Second,
I., 358; Fourth, X., 15(5- Fifth, I.,
356; Eighth, I., 3.58; X., 1.56.

Kentucky troops. Union:

Artilleni: First battery, I., 368.

Camlry: First, 1., 356, 362;

II. , 332, 336, 344; .Second, II.,
.344; VIII., 145; Third, I., .356;
Fourth cavalr\', nfltccrs of Co. I),
I.,3I)9, 362, 36,8; II., .331). 332, 336;

III. , 328; Fifth, I., 362; .Sixth. II.,
322, 332, 336; IV., 151; .Sm uiIi,

I. , 368; II., .322, 3.36; lughlh,
VII., 21; Ninth, II., 326; 'IVnlh,

II. , :i:i2, I'Mcvcnlh, 11., 326,
34 1: III., 332; VII., 20; Twelfth,
II., 344; Thirleenth, III., .332;
Fourteenth, II., 336; VII., 20;
Sixteenth, II., 3,50.

Infantn/: First, I., 352, 356;
Secou.l, I., 36S; III., 326; Fourth,

I. , 356, :i6.S; iMfth, I., 31)8; losses,
X., 151; Sixth, III., 330; Eighth,

II. , .304, 307, 326; Tenth, I., 368;
Eleventh, II., 346; Twelfth. III.,
262; Thirteenth, II., 346; Four-
teenth, I., 356; Fifteeiilli, lossi^s,
X., 154; Sixteenth, III., 262;
.Seventeenth, I., .356; Eight-
eenth, I., 368; Twentieth, II.,
340; Twenty-first, II., 326;
Twenty-second, I., 358; Twenty-
fifth, i., 3.56; Twenty-eighth, I.,
368; II., 320, 324; thirty-third,

II. , 324; Thirty-fourth, II., 348.
Mounted Infantry: Twenty-
sixth, III., 332; Thirtieth, III.,
332; Thirty-fifth, III., 332;
Thirty-seventh, III., 332; Thirty-
ninth, III., 332; Fortieth, III.,
332; Forty-fifth, III , 332; Cin-
cinnati, Cynthiana, Newport,
Kentucky, Bracken Co., Home
Guards, at engagement of Cyn-
thiana, Ky., I., 308.

Keokuk, U. S. ,S.: II., 332; VI., 128;

IX. , 336.
Kerner, D. 11., X., 2.
Kernstown, Va.: I., 306, 307, 360;

III. , 148, 328.

Kerr, W, J. W., VII., 18, 82.
Kershaw, J. B.: II., 81, 96, 282 seq.:
III., 46, 84, 328; X., 115, 280, 282.
Keteham, J. H., X., 339.
Kettle Run, Va., II., 322.
Key, B. P., VII., 31.
Key West, Fla.: I., 226; VI., 186.
Keves, E. D.: I., 260, 286, 294, 368;

X. , 181, 196.

Keystone State, U. S. S.: II., 330;

III., 342; VI., 239, 272. 318.
Kickapoo, U. S. S., VI., 319, 331.
Kidd, J. H., rV., 282.
Kieffer, L., I., 395.
Kilmer, G. L.: I., 10, 346; II., 10;

III. , 12; X., 2, 35.
Kilpafrick, D., VII., 135.
Kilpatrick, H. G., II., 111.
Kilpatrick, H. ,1., IV., 385 seq.
Kilpatrick, J : II., 340, 344; raid,

II., 350; III., 224, 230, 232, 244,
330, 338, 342, 344; IV., .54, 92,
96, 116, 121, 123, 230, 2,32, 234,
254, 262; V., 37; VIII., 196, 361.

Kilty. A. H., VI., 224.

Kimball, N., X., 89.

Kineo. V. S. S.: I., 227, 250; VI.,
190, 198, 200.

King, C: II., 49; VIII., 9; introduc-
tion preface to, VIII., 11, 18, 66,
226; tables of age of soldiers at
enlistment, IX., 67.

King, E., IX., 345.

King, ,J. H., X., 93, 296.

King. L. G., VII., 123.

King, R.: Mounted Rifles, I., 358;
II., 46, 49; X., 309.

King and Queen Court Hou.se, Va.,

IV. , 98.

King Mountain, S. C, IV., 20.
King Street Hospital, Alexandria,

Va., VII., 335.
King's School House, Va. (see also

Oak Grove, Va.): I., 366.
"ffingdom Coming," H. C. Work,

IX., 344.

Kingston, Ga., III., 67, 111, 114,
320.

Kingston, N. C, II., 328.

Kinsman, U. S. S., II., 330.

Kirbv. E.. II., 334.

Kirk; E. N., II., 330; X., 199.

Kirklev, J. W., I., 104.

Kirks\alle, Mo., II., 320.

Kitching, J. H.. X., 139.

Kittridge, W., IX., 348.

Klein, R., VIII., 381.

Knap, J. M.: battery of. II., 61; Pa.

Ind. Light Art.. V., 35.
Knefler, F., X., 303.

Kneislev'g Batterj', Confederate,

I., 3.52.
Knight. H. W., VII., 274.
Knight, private, VIII., 125.
Knights of the Golden Circle, VII.,

204.

Knipe, ,J. F., X., 89.

Knowles, J. H., VI., 243.

Knowlton, Captain, II., 39.

Knoxville, Tenn.; I., 130; II., 271,
298, 338; two bridges at, II.,
339; siege of, II., .'WO; III., 216,
287; IV., 160, 2.54; V., 251, 2.54;
VII., 351 ; ramparts at, VIII., 205,
33(i, 362.

Koch, C. R. E., I., 14.

Koniggratz, lo3.ses at, X., 140.

Konkle's Battery, Union, I., 354.

Kountz, J. S., X., 296.

Krepps, J. B., III., 336.

Kress, .1. A., II., 230.

Krzyzanowski, W., X., 223.

Kunnersdorf, losses at, X., 140.

L

La Bree, B., quoted, VIII., 141.
Lackawanna, U. S. S., VL, 247, 251,
2,54, 2,56.

Lacv House, Fredericksburg, Va.:
Ii.,97;in.,46; view from, IX., 61.

Ladi/ Daois, C. S. S., VI., 87.

Lafayette, Ga.: II., 276, 279; IV.,
204.

Lafa\ette, Marquis de, IX., 125,

285.

Lafai/elte, U. S. S.: I., 77 seq.; VI.,

206; crew of, VI., 310.
La Fourche Crossing, La., II., 336.
Lagow, C. B.: I., 181; IV., 294; X.,

31.

La Grange, O. H., III., 108.

La Grange, Tenn.: II., 332; III.,

326; Grierson raid from, IV., 130,

132, 134, 137.
Lake City, Fla., II., 3.50.
Lake McNutt, Miss., II., 202.
Lake Providence, La., II., 206.
Lamar, L. Q. C: IX., 28, 29, 36;

eulogy on Charles Sumner, IX.,

290, 301, .303, 305.
Lamb, D. H., X., 2.
Lamb, W.: IIL, 327, 342; VI., 240,

248.

Lancaster, U. S. S., VI., 48, 151.
"Lancers" (see also Pennsylvania

.Sixth Infantry), VIII., 82, 91.
Landegon, J. W., VIII, 381.
Lander, F. W., X., 313.
Lander's Brigade, I., 356.
Lane, A. G., VIL, 284.
Lane, J. H.. X., 137.
Lane, U. S. S., II., 3.30.
Lane, W. P., X., 313.
Lane's Prairie, near Rolla, Mo., I.,

350.

Langthorne, A. R., VI., 232.
Langworthy, surgeon, VII., 222.
Lanier, H. W., I., 7, 9, 14, 30.
Lanier, Robert S.: I., 5; IL, 5; X.,

18-28.

Lanier, Sidney: VII., 124; quoted,
VII., 132; Centennial cantata,
IX., 35, 30, 89, 90, 91, 92, 184,

284 seq.

Lanier's Virginia battery. Confed-
erate, I., ,360.

Lanneau, A. W., X., 2.

Lansing, H. S., VIIL, 99.

Lardner, J. L., VI., 120, 135.

La Rue, M., X., 195.

' 'Last Leaf," O. W. Holmes, IX., 33.

Lathrop, G. P., IX., 24, .58, 61, 63,
218, 223, 225.

" Laughlin's Battery," I., 354.

Lauman. J. G., X., 305.

Laurel Hill, W. Va.: L, 348; III.,
320.

La Vergne, Tenn.: II., 324; IV.,
147.

Lavinia, C. S. S., VI., 123.
Law, E. M., II., 286; X., 107.
Lawler, M. K., X., 301.
Lawler, T. G., X., 296.
Lawrence, W. H., X., 161.
Lawrence. Kans., II., 342.
Lawrenceburg, Tenn.. III., 338.
Lawton, A. R.: II., 63, 65, 324; X.,
109.

Lawton, H. W., VIIL, 194.
Lazelle, H. M., VII., 104.
Leach, W. B., L, 147.
Le.adbetter. D.:I.,362; V., 257, 308.
"Leaves of Grass," Walt Wtiitman,
IX., 21.

Lebanon, Ky.: I., 180, 368; II., 340!

IV., 152.
Lebanon, Tenn., I., 362.
Lebanon Home Guards, Union, I.,

368.

Ledlie, J. H., III., 200, 204.

LeDuc, W. E., X., 2.

Le Due, W. G.: II., 299; V., 292;
X., 160.

Lee, A. L., X., 293.

Lee, A., X., 2.

Lee, C, X., 63.

Lee, C. G., VIIL, 1.31.

Lee, E. G„ X., 319.

Lee, Fitzhugh: II., .346; III., 42, .54,
84, 198, 284, 322, 328, 3.38, 340,
344, 346; IV., 16, 24, 41, 96, 98,
108, 128, 203, 262, 266, 277 seq.,
286 seq.; VIII., 130; quoted, IX.,
36, 243, 327, 331; X.,65, 116, 252.

Lee, F. D., VI., 267.

Lee.G. W.C.:L,19; with Gen'l Lee,
I., 83; IL, 350; IX., 125; X., 2,
.55, 67, 284.

Lee, ' 'Light Horse Harry," rV.,20, 23.

Lee, R., VIIL, 104.

Lee, Robert E.: I., 17, 19, 27, 34, 53,
62, 64, 68, 75; remarkable general-
ship of, I., 82; with his son and
Colonel Taylor, I., 83, 103 seq.,
116, 118 seq., 122 seq., 123, 127
seq., 132, 134, 375, 298, 299, 312;
with Gen'l Johnston, I., 313,
328, 341, 348, ,368; IL, 4, 9, 11,
18, 20 seq., 26, 27, ,33; advance
toward Washington (D. C), II.,
34, 38 seq., 42, .50, .52, 55 seq.; the
rise of, II., 79 seq., 84 seq., 96,
98, 103, 105, 112 seq., 120, 128,
228 seq.; in 1863, IL, 235 seq.,
264, 320, 322, 324, 328, 334, 336,
340, 342, 345, 346; III., 16, 17,

23, 28, 30, 32, 43, 44, 45, 50, 52,
64, 66, 69, 70, 83, 84, 86, 87, 89, 94,
104, 144, 161, 180, 181, 190, 194,
204, 280, 287, 288, 291, 294, 297,
298, 300, 304, 306, 308, 309, 310,
312, 31.5, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324,

325, 328, 330, 332, 338, 340, 344,
346; rV., 33, 86, 88, 92, 94, 99,
100, 103, 153, 193, 204, 242, 255,
274, 286; V., 25, 28 seq., 32 seq.,
66, 202, 214, 248, 260, 262, 268,
304; compels McClellan to re-
treat from New Richmond, V.,
314; VI., 70, 265; VII., 41 seq.,
50, 102, 104 seq., 120, 176, 228,
241 seq., 270, 296; VIIL, 18 seq.,
88, 108, 112 seq., his tribute to
the fighting ability of his men,
154, 1.59, 178, 196, 198, 206 seq..
226, 246, 283, 292 seq.; invasion
of Maryland, VIIL, 319, 324,

326, 340, 362 seq., 376 seq.; IX..

24, 38, 77, 83, 87, 120, 131, 133,
125, 127, 129, 144; homestead in
Pleasant Valley, Md., IX., 161,
190, 211, 213, 215, 225, 230, 240,
243, 247, 257, 295, 313, 318, 322.

331, 334; X., 4, 28, 34; residence in
Richmond, Va., X., 51, .52,; an-
cestors of, X., 52; in 1850, X., 55,
57; Supt. U.S. Military Academy,
X., 58; brigadier of the Confed-
eracy, X., 60; opinions in seces-
sion and slaver)-, X., 60; in the
field, X., 61; commands Depart-
ment of South Carolina. Georgia
and Florida, X., 62; 1863, X., 63,
65; in Gettysburg campaign, X.,
66; after the war, X., 67; retreat
of, from Gettysburg, X., 68; in
1865, X., 69; Commander-in-
chief of the Confederate army,
X., 70; in defence of Petersburg,
X., 70; in the wilderness, X., 70;
with his staff, X., 71; Appomattox
Court House, X., 72; as college
president, X., 72; in 1867, X., 73;
in 1869, X., 73; rank of General,
X., 74.

Lee, R. E., Jr., quoted, X., 63.
Lee, S. D.: quoted, II., 188, 328,

332, 346; III., 138, 330; V., 67,
72; X., 347, 268.

Lee, S. P., VI., 119, 120, 149, 179.

190, 260, 315.
Lee. W. H. F.: I., 275; III., 196, 324.

344; nr., 29, 73, 82, 237, 240;

IX., 243, 284.
Lee, W. J., VIIL, 381.
Lee, W. R., VII., 47.
Lee and Gordon's Mills, Ga., II.,

370, 276 seq., 385.
Lee Ford, Wis.. II., 320, 340.

[3d Ed.]

[339]

LEE SPRINGS

INDEX

Mcculloch

Lee Springs. Va., II., 322.

Lee's Hill, Va., V., 62.

Lee's Mills, Yorktown, Va.: I., 262,
264, 360: v., 2d. 31,

Leesburg, Va. (see also Ball's Blu£f,
Va.): L, 352; IL, .58.

Leetown, Ark., I., 358.

LeGal, VIII., 72.

Legare's Point, S. C, I., 364.

Leggett, M. D., X., 91.

Lees^ett Hill, Ga., IIL, 131.

Lehifjh, V. S. S., VI., 179.

Leipsio, losses at, X., 140.

Leonard, W. H. H., VI., S3.

"Le Roy Stafford Camp," X., 298.

"Les Misorables de Point Look-
out." VII., Vi$.

"Let us have peace," U. S. Grant,

IX. , 117, 290.

Letcher, J.: IV., 293; V., 306.

Letternian, J., with his staff, VII.
319, 224.

" Letters from Home," VIII., 35.

Leventhorpe, R., X., 281.

Lewinsville, Va., I., 3.50; IV., 78.

Lewis, J. H., X., 269.

Lewis, U. S. S., VI., 312.

Lewisburg, Va., I., 364.

"Lexington," horse of W. T. Sher-
man, IV., 306.

Lexington, Kv., II., 326.

Lexington, Mo., I., 3.52; III., 324.

Lexington, Tenn., II., 328.

Lexington, Va. : Virginia military
academy, ruins of, III., 140 seq.;

X. 57.

Lexington, W. Va., III., 324.

Lexington, U. S. S.: I., 79 seq., 19.5,
204 seq., 305 seq., 356, 358,
360, 366; IL, 352; VL, 147, 207,
214, 216. 221, 22J, 310, 312.

Li Hung Chang, IX., 119.

Libby, W., & Son, VII., 91.

Libbv Prison, Richmond, Va.: I.,
113; VII., 19, 38, 45, 54 seq., 55
seq., 57, 60, 91; after the war, 93;
when used as prison for Con-
federates, VII., 94, 131, 128, 136,
143, 145, 152, 284; Iowa Four-
teenth Infantry at, VIII., 351.

Liberty, Ark., II., 3.52.

Liberty Gap, Tenn., II., 340.

Liberty Mills, Va., IL, 344.

Lidell, St. J., X.,273.

Lieb, H., commanding colored regi-
ment, II., 205.

Lieber, F., VII., 158.

Lieutenant-General: rank of, re-
vived by Congress, February 29,
1864, IIL, 32.

"Lifeofthecaptured." VII., 123-136.

"Life in the prisons," VII., 124-136.

Liggon prison, Richmond, Va.,
VIL, 60.

Light draft water crafts: I., 245; on
western rivers, VI., 209-223, 226:
ferry-boats used as, VI., 262, 263;
work of, in eastern waters, VI.
263, 264.

Lightburn, J. A. J., X., 87.

Lightfoot, J. A., X., 292.

Lilian, V. S. S.. III., 342.

Lilley, R. D., X., 4.

Lincoln, Abraham: I.,28scg.. 40, 41,
57; at McClellan's headquarters,
I., 63«e5.; confronts Gen'l Mc-
Clellan at his headquarters, I.,
67, 69, 9S. 104, 120, 126, 226,
307, 338; inaugurated Presi-
dent of the United States at
Washington, I., .346; IL, 20, 49;
in camp at Antietam, Md., II.,
77, 78, 82, 102, 108, 109, 233, 271,
316; IIL, 14, 29, 155, 183, 220,
248, 303, 304; IV., 24, 50, V., 124,
280; VI., 46, ,53, 56, 84, 110, 115,

116, 137, 170, 308; VIL, 30, 85,

117, 192, 194, 197, 202; assa.s-
sination of, VIL, 203 seq.; mili-
tary commissioners to try Lin-
coln conspirat!)rs, VIL, 207, 209
seq., 293, 310, 3,30, 346, 348: VIII.,
26, 29; calls for troops, VIII., 67,
68; pen-portrait of, VIII., 92, 94,
102; quoted, VIII., 260, 294, 345,
346 seq., 3.50; "in the telegraph
office," VIII., 361 ; IX., 24, 26,128,
250, 2.54; the last portrait taken,
IX., 357, 259, 200, 288, 295, 297,
310, 335, 342, 345; address at
Gettysburg, IX., 22; "second in-
augural," fx., 28; funeral proces-
sion in New York, IX., 349;
election of, IX., 251; with Tad, his
son, IX., 353; Gettysburg ad-

dress of, IX., 255; assassination of,
IX., 25S; funeral procession in
Washington, IX., 358; second in-
auguration of, X., 16, 17, 42; opin-
ion of Grant, X., 46.

Lincoln, R. T., I., 19.

Lincoln Hospital, Washington,
D. C, VIL, 2S4.

Lincolnton. N. C, medical labora-
tory at, VIL, 244.

Lio Yang, losses at, X., 124, 126.

Little, H., IL, 324; X., 149.

Little Ada, U. S. S., IIL, 342.

"Little Giffen," F. O. Ticknor, IX.,
64.

"Little Giffen of Tennessee," IX.,
22.

Little Harpeth, Tenn., IL, 332.
"Little Jeff," Grant's charger, IV.,
307.

Little Kenesaw, Ga., III., 102.
"Little Napoleon" (see also G. B.

McClellan), IL, 54.
Little Northilountain, Va. , IIL, 1 56.
Little Rebel, C. S. S., I., 244 seq.
Little River, S. C, VL, 322.
Little River Turnpike, Va., II. , 51.
Little Rock, State Capitol, Ark.,

IL, 343, 344; V., 166.
Little Round Top, Gettv.sburg, Pa.:

I. , 68,70, 71 seq., 73; IL, 351, 353,
255, 258, 260.

Little Run, S. C, VL, 316.

Little Santa Fe, Mo., I., 360.

Littlefield, A. K., VIII., 263.

Littlefield, M. S., IL, 29.

Livermore, M. A., VIL, 326, 328.

Livermore, T. L., summary of Con-
federate armies, X., 150.

Livingston, C. S. S., VL, 218.

Lizzie, C. S. S., VL, 123.

Lizzie Martin, U. S. S., II., 162.

Llewellyn, D. H.. VL, 301, 306.

Lloyd, L. T., VIII., 115.

Lockett, S. H.. IL, 190.

Lockridge Mills, Kv., I., 362.

Lockwood, H. H., X., 197.

Lockwood, J. T., X., 2.

Lockwood, U. S. S., I., 356.

Locomotive, "Fred Leach": V.,271;
seized on Western and Atlantic
Railroad, VIII., 277.

Locomotives, strange uses of, II. ,225.

Locust Grove, Va., II. , 346.

Lodge for invalid soldiers, VIL,
333.

Lodge No. 5 at Wa.shington, D. C,

VIL, 333.
Logan, J. A.: I., 3.58; with staff, II.,

199, 201, 205; IIL, 342; X., 76,

170, 171, 294.
Logan, T. M., X., 285.
Logan's Cross Roads, Ky. (see also

Mill Springs, Kv.), I., 180, 356.
Lomax, L. L.: IL, 344; III., 160,

332; IV., 92, 111, 2.50, 252, 262.
Lone Jack, Mo., IL, 320.
Lonergan, telegraph operator, VIII.,

362.

Long, A. L., X., 317.

Long, E., Second Division, II., .344.

Long, J. B., v., 65.

Long Bridge, D. C: L, 66; V., 90,
92; drill of defenders at, V., 93,
98, 102; wreck of engine at, V.,
387; entrance to, VIIL, 81, 88.

Longstreet, J.: I., 36, 64, 70 seq.,
118, 132, 1.36, 152, 153, 162, 290,
292, 315, 322, 326, 330, 332, 334,
339, 362; II., 4, 34, 40 seq., 46,
47, 48, 58, 64 seq., 78, 96, 98, 101,
112, 213, 240 seq., 248 seq., 253,
256 seq., 257, 260 seq, 276 seq.,
300, 320, 322, 328, 332, 334, 338,
348; III., 28, 30, 36, 41, 46, 48,
84, 162, 188, 2.52, 278, 308, 318,
.338, 346; IV., 193, 301; V., .34, 61;
VIIL, IS. 164, 177, 196, 238, 246,
254; X., 40, 61, 345, 246.

Longview, Ark., II. , 350.

"Lookout," horse of J. Hooker,
IV., 316.

Lookout Creek, Tenn., II., 296.

Lookout Mountain, Tenn.: battle
of, II., 10, 274, 277, 279, 289,
290; northeast slope of, IL, 293;
battles on, II. , 294 seq.; Gen.
Hooker's camp at base of, II. ,
303; Gen. Hooker and staff at,

II. , 303; entrenchments on, IL.
.305; Pulpit Rock at, II., 307, .346;
rV., 204: v., 208, 251; VIL, 35;
VIIL, 335; signal station on.
VIIL, 325; IX., 115, 170; Grant
at, X., 30, 31.

Lookout Valley, Tenn., IL, 274,

279, 296; IX., 99.
"Lorena," IX., 3,50.
Loring, W. W.: L, 352, 3.56; IL,

322, 334, 348: X., 244, 251.
Losses: in battles of Civil War and

what they mean, X., 120 seq., 142

seq.; percentages of Confederate

losses, X., 158.
Lost Mountain, Ga., IIL, 118.
Lotier, L., VIL, 282.
Loudon, Tenn., TV., 160.
Loudon Heights, Va., IL, 00 seq.,

325, 348.

Louisa Court House, Va., IV., 108.
Louisiana: I., 31; secedes, I., 346;
Inf. company of, at drill, VIIL,
143; State University of, IX., 246;
X., 28, 86.
Louisiana troops. Confederate:

Artillery: Washington Artillery
of New Orleans, La., I., 95; Stew-
art's, I., 3.34; Watson's, I., 354.
Emiiiieers: First, I., 105.
Caeidry: First, II., 322; Second,
IL, 3.50.

Infantry: Second, X., 156;
Third, I., 350, 358; V., 209; X.,
156; Fifth, L, 364; Sixth, I., 350,
364; Seventh, I., 348, 350, 364;
X., 239; Eighth, I., 350, 364;
Ninth, VIIL, 118; Eleventh, I.,
354; Fourteenth, X., 156; Twenty-
first, VIL, 249; Crescent Rifles,
I., 348; "Louisiana Tigers," I.,
1.54, 273.

Louisiana troops. Union:
Camlry: First, II., 322.
Infantry: First, II., 205; Ninth
(colored), losses, X., 152.

Louisiana, C. S. S.: I., 228, 229,
234; VL, 192, 194.

Louisiana, U. S. hospital boat,
VIL, 319.

Louisiana, U. S. S.: I., 356; IIL,
342;V.,267;VL, 310, 314.

Louisville, Ky.: I., 399; IL, 64;
provo-it-guard at, II., 324; IIL,
266; v., 302; army repair shop at,
VIIL, 40.

Louisville, Tenn., basis of supplies,
VIIL, 32.

Louisville and Nashville R. R., de-
structitm of, by Morgan, IV., 1.56.

Lonisnllr. V. S. S.: I., 187, 366;
VL, 150, 214, 216; IX., 271.

Lovejoy's Station, Ga., III., 216,
328

Lovell, M.: L, 362; IL, 150, 324;
VL, 85, 190; X., 373.

Lover, S., IX., 349.

"Low in the Ground They're Rest-
ing," C. Coe, IX., 351.

Lowe, J., VL, 301.

Lowe, T. S. C: VIIL, 10; in balloon
observing battle of Fair Oaks,
VIIL, 369, 370, 373; in his bal-
loon, VIIL, 377; quoted, VIIL,
379; X., 35.

Lowell, C. R., IV., 248; X., 141.

Lowell, J. R.: IX., 23, 26, 256, 261,

263, 266.

Lowrey, M. B., X., 277.

Lowry, R., X., 275.

Lowry, R. B., VL, 93.

Loyal Legion, Military Order of

(see also Military Order of the

Loyal Legion), I., 19.
Lucas, T. J., X., 303.
Lucas Bend on Ohio River, U. .S. S.

Conestoga at, I., 189.
"Luck of Roaring Camp," F. Bret

Harte, IX., 35.
Lucy, C. S. S., VL, 123.
Lucy C. Holmes, C. S. S., VL, 123.
"Lucy Long," horse of R. E. Lee,

rV., .300.
Ludlow, B. C, L, 113.
Ludlow, W. H., VIL, 101, 104.
Lumber: used by Union army,

VIIL, 51.
Luminary, U. S. S., VL, 318.
Lurav Valley, Va.: IIL, 1.58; IV.,

104.

Lurton, H. H.. X., 24.

Lutheran church, Main street,

Sharpsburg, Md., II., 75.
L\'ceum Hall, Alexandria, Va.,

VIL, 234.
Lvnch. W. F.: I., 356; VL, 95, 99,

264. 270. 273.

Lvnchburtr. Va.: I., 94, 96, 130;

IIL, 144, 306, .324; IV., 114;

General Hospital No. 1, VIL, 292.
Lynchburg, Va., railroad at, III., 320.

Lynnville, Tenn., IIL, 338.

Lyon, H. B.. X., 369.

Lyon, J., VIL, 210.

Lyon, N.: I., 172, 353, 367 seq.\ V.,
42; VIL, 30; prompt action taken
in national defense, VIIL, 74; X.,
135.

Lyon, Fort, D. C. (see Fort Lyon.

D. C), I., 168.
Lyons, J., X., 4.

Lyons, Lord, VL, 35; VIL, 196.

Lyrics, IX., 156 seq.

Lytic, A. D.: remarkable photo-
graph by, I., 24, 25; gallerv of, 1.,
31, 42, 44; IL, 131, 134, 130, 180,
208; IV., 130, 133; V., 43; VL,
185, 203; VIL, 117; VIIL, 31,
297, 299, 301.

Lytic, W. H., IL, 284, 288; X., 139.

M

McAllister, Fort (see also Fort

McAllister), I., 80.
MacArthur A., VIIL, 194, 234.
McArthur, J.: IL, 148; IV., 256: X.,

199.

Macarthv, H.. IX., 343.
McBlair," N., VIL, 139.
McCabe, G., of Richmond, Va.,

quoted, IX., 303.
McCabe, W. G.: IX., 147, 148, 150,

151, 203.
McCall, G. A.: L, 314, 317, 319,

324, 334, 368; V., 26 seq.;X., 393.
McCallum, D. C, V., 275, 287, 289,

296.

McCandless, L. D., VIIL, 363.

McCarthy's batterv, I., 291, 293.

McCausland. J.: IIL, 141, 150, 324,
328; v., 106; X., 321.

McCaw, J. B., VIL, 2,82.

McClellan, G. B.: L, 42, 44, 51 seq.;
headquarters, I., 63; headquar-
ters of, two weeks after Antietam,
I., 67; relieved. I., 67, 110, 113,
115, 116, 121, 126 seq., 1.32, 136,
167, 178, 252, 2.54; mth royal
aide, L, 257; headquarters before
Yorktown, Va., I., 259,200, 264;
headquarters on the Pamunkey,
I., 375, 286; officers of Horse
Artillery brigade of, I., 287, 292,
301; with Gen'l McDowell, I.,307.
310,311,314,317; staff officers of,
I., 319, 323, 329, 336, 340,
348, 360, 366; IL, 4, 20 seq.,
22, 24, 40, 43, 54, 56, 58 seq., 64
seq., 78, 82, 324; IV., 32, 47,
52, 66, 78, 79, 89, 203, 209,
222, 228, 304, 315, 317; V.,
22, 23 , 36, 94, 98, 104, 198,
200, 228, 260, 304; VL, 94, 114;
VIL, 30, 100, 102, 1,88, 219, 228,
259, 261 seq., 306, 310; VIIL, 4,
20 seq.; Peninsula campaign,
VIIL, 43, 50; New York Severity-
first joins, VIIL, 69; organizes
brigade and division. VIIL, 78,
84, 92, 97, 1.58, 165, 226, 262, 267,
269, 271, 276, 317, 326, 343, 345;
use of telegraph for tactical pur-
poses, VIIL, 3.54 , 370 seq.; IX.,
59, 78, 87, 143, 157; X., 46, 164,
166; with Mrs. McClellan, X., 167.

McClellan, Mrs. G. B., IX., 161.

McClellan Zouaves, Charleston,
S. C, VIIL, 153.

McClelland, U. S. S., VL, 82.

McClernand, J. A.: I., 179, 184,
186 seq., 190, 208, 360; IL, 77,
182, 205, 206, 212, 218, 3,30. 334;
v., 42, 44, 46; men of, at Mem-
phis, X., 11, 177, 218.

McClung, C. L.: VL, 233; X., 2.

McClure, A. K., IV., 268.

McClurg, A. C, X., 199.

McComas, W. W.. I., 362.

McComb, W., X., 299.

McCook, A. G.. X., 237.

McCook, A. McD.: L, 208; IL, 170
seq., 177. 274 seq.; with staff. II.,
279, 330; IX., 99; X., 193, 22S.

McCook, "Bob," VIIL, 196.

McCook, D.: IIL, 117, 322; VIIL,
196; X., 139.

McCook, E. M.: IL, 326, 344: III.,
108. 328, 346; IV., 162, 164; X.,
85.

McCook. R. L., X., 135.
McCook's hou.se, Spotsvlvania

Court Hou.se, IIL, 57.
McCown, J. P.: L, .360; X.,272, 295.
McCov, J. C I., 248.
McCulloch, B.: I., 358, 367; X., 147.

[3d Ed.]

[340]

McClTLLOCH

INDEX

MASTER

McCullnrh. II. i;.,X., 315.
Mt^C'ullciudli 11.. (luotcd, VIII.,
McCutchiMin. c'hipf engineer, 11. S.
N., VI., 113.

MaeOmiaM. K.. II., :H0.
Marndiiiilil'.s lialterv, I., H.'xS.
iU, ■/;..». .».;/!, r. S. S., VI., 57.
Mucl)nut.'all. C. 1).. X., 2.
McDouell, 1.: I., :tll, II. KiS, 140
sc(/., I If. .-^<';.. I l'^. 1">II ■^■'1-. l-"il.

i.'),s, iiio, in:>, -'.".i, L'liii, J.sii,
303, :i(M. 307 srq.. :!os, .iiii, :fl I,
3G2; II., IS, 211 s,,,.. L'L', i:i .v,,..
4G, ;!20, 322; lie:nl(|iKuiris of,
IV., 89; v., 10, 2U .wi.. S2, 00, 104,
149, 278, 280, 284, 281); X., 108,
17!», 180.

Mel).. well, .1. M.. VII., 02.

Mrl)..w. ll, \ II., I., :!li2.

^^„n■,l,„n„n. T. S. VI., 44, 45.
MrKln.x , .1., I., r.l.

Mi'iMitei', ,1., viii., mr,.

iMrKarlaiid^ ( lir., ( .:<.. II., 2.S6.
Mrl'. nin, .1. it., VII., 272.
Mr( !:irrv. I-"... X., 13 .
.MrCmn'is. C Iv. X., ■•(IS.
M,'( u>K-AU. .1. i;., III., 70.
Mr(;,.xxan, S.: II.,:i:;i; X., 113.
Mc-dn-cr, W. M., IV., 220.
i\I,'(;uire, II.: VII., 21(1; X., 103.
Melnlo.sli, C. F.. VI., 102.
Melnto.-ili, 1). C. X.,'»7.
MelrilosI,. .1.: I., li.'.S; X., 14!>.

M,-iiii..sii, .1. K.. X., m.

.M. lTilN re, .\. C, IX., 201.
I\Ia.-ka!l, \V. \V.: I., 218; X., 273.
McKeaii. 1'., II., 1.".;).
MeKcaii, T. .1.: II., :i24; X.,'i91.
McKeari, W . W., VI., 1 16, 120, 180.
M.-Keiv,'v. ('., VII., 274.
Mi-Kenzi.', \. S.. VI-, l'J7.
Mai-k.-iizii', U.S.: VIII., 100; X.,'>19.
MeKim, H. 11.: VIII., 0; liisi,.rian,

VIII. , HIS ,s, ,;.; quoted, VIII., 11.5,
118; X., •»7.

^f,lrl:i,n^,■. T. S. S.. III., 342.
MeKinl.'x , M.'.. VI., VIT.
MeKiTile\ , Wiiraiii: UI., 1 0."i; assaa-

.-iinatinn of, IX., :iS; X., 1!), 138.
MeLaws. L., II., 0 ), 0,s. 70. 320,

324, 334; v., 64; X., 11.5, 280,
McLean, N. C, X., 331.
McLean, W.: III., 310, 314, 315;

IX. , 127.

McLean Ford, Va., II., 344.
McLean Hou.se, near Mana.ssas,

Va., I., 153.
McLemore's Cove, Tenn., II., 274,

277

McMahon, M. T.: III., 55, 88;

VIII. , 241.

McMastiT, F. W., III., 101.

McMillan. .1. W., X., 203.

McMillcTi, W. 1... III., 270.

McMinnville, Tenn.: II., 322, 344;
IV., 104.

McNair, D., X., 259.

McNair, E., IL, 288.

McNaushton, .1. IL, IX., 340.

McNeil. J.: II., 320; X.,217.

McNeill, .1., IV., 114.

McNeillv, .1. II. , VIL, 272.

McNutt', W. v.. VII., 318.

Macon, Ga.: IIL, 133, 216, 224,
328, 344,; IV., 140; V., 150, 162,
164; central laboratory at, V.,
170; VII., 60, 132; medical
laboratory at, VII., 2!t; f 'cm-
federate hospital cMwiiuvil at,
VII., 290; volunteer.s, IX., 2.-i;
.Tefferson Davis in ambulance,

IX. , 295.

McPhail, ,1. L., VIL, 200.

McPher.son, .L B.: I., 33; IL, 100,
199, 212, 216, 218, 3.34, .341; IIL,
101, 106, 108, 109, 113, 120, 124,
131, 132, 13t, 221, 224, 318, 320,
322, 32U, :i2S; v., 46; VIIL, 240;

X. , 129, 108.

McPherson Hospital, N'icksburg,

Miss., VIL, 233.
McPherson's Woods, Pa.: IL, 241,

243, 244; IX., 223.
McRae. D., X., 2.59.
McRae, D. K.: I., 272; brigade of,

IL, 67.
McRae, W., X., 281.
McRae, C. S. S.: I., 219; VI., 192,

193, 204, 218.
McRee, Fort, batterv north of

Pensacola, Fla., VIIL, 107.
MadiU, H. J., X., 303.
Madison, J., I., 17.
Madison, surgeon, VIL, 222.
Madison Court House, \"a., IV., 96.

MafTit, E., VI., 301.

M.Mtfit, .1. N., VI., 291, 293.

Mallll's Channel, S. C, VL, 312,

Majiec. S., VIIL, 2H1.

MatCHofin, escape from Alton pri.son,
VIL, 144.

Magnolia Cemetery, Charleston,
.8. C., IX., 271, 277.

Magruiler, .1. H.; head(|uarters of,
Yurkluu ri, \ a., I., 2H1, 262, 263,
26.") :i2:i, 32."i, 327, 3:!0, 332, 333,
360, 362, :ii;8; IL, 3:i0; V., 25, 32
.s,,,.: VL, 272, 316; VIIL, 140,
371; X., 4, 242, 251.

M:di:in, .\. 4'., I., 233 ■:36.

Malinne, W.: IIL, 1«1, 196, 202,
204. 20."i, 208, 311; V., 270; X.,
284. 280.

Mnl,„i>(u; V. S. S., IIL, 340; VI.,
1 15.

M:i.l .111.1 ii.-wspapers, VIIL, 33, .3.5.

Maine trMi.ps:

llran, Arhlhr,/: I'irsI, X., 118,
lis; I'lrsl, |...ss.>s X., I.-.2.

Arlilhnr I'lrsI, II., 3:i(l; .Sec-
ond, I., 304; Fourth, IL, 344;
Fifth, IIL, 154; Sixtli, IL, 328.

Camlry: First, IL, 330, 342;
IV., 57, 329; Second, IIL, 3;i2.

Infniitni: First, V., 4; VIL,
169; Firs(, losses, X., l.Vl; Sec<, nd,
I., 107; 3 IS; Second, mustered
out, VIIL, .59; Second, Army of

r la.', VIIL, 59; Second, at

Cainp .Jameson, 1861, VIIL, 59;
Fourth, I., 354; Fifth, L, 362;
IL, 346; Sixth, IL, 123, 336, 340;
Seventh. I., 364; VIL, 274;
FiKhth. I., 3i;0; Tenth, IL, 20;
i:i..venth, I., 290; Twelfth, VL,
312; Fourteenth, IL, 320; Seven-
teenth, losses, X., 1.54; Twentieth,
I., 107; II.,2.53; Twentieth, tran.s-
ferred from Second Maine, VIIL,
59, 193, 196; Twenty-eighth, IL,
331, 340.

Maine: population of in, 1860, VIIL,
.58; number of troops, los:;es,
VIIL, 59.

Major, J. P., X., 271.

Mallet, .1. W.: V., 156, 162, 168,
170, 190; X., 27.

Mallory, S. R.: VL, 73, 74, 78, P6,
90; quoted, VI., 142 seq., 289, 290;
X., 13.

Malplaquet, France, battle of, IL,

272; los.ses at, X., 140.
Malone, C, VIL, 147.
Maltbv, J. A., X., 199.
Miihern. V. S. S.: III., 340; VL,

357, 317.

Malvern Hill, Va.: I., 122, 335, 336,
337, 338, 33t), 343, 306; IL, 320;
IIL, 324, 326; IV., 126; V., 21,
30 seq., 60, 230; IX., 144; X.,
142, 156.

"Man of the hour," IIL, 1.50.

Manassas, Va. (see also Bull Run,
Va.): L, 136, 140 seq., 146, 151,
153, 161, 2.56, 266, .306, 348; IL,
18, 34, 44, .54; .second battle of,
IL, 322; IV., 78; V., 21; Confede-
rate artillery at,V., 64,66,72,90;
effect of military on Confederates
at, v., 92, 94; entrenchments, Con-
federate at, v., 198; Confecleiate
guns abandoned at, V., 303;
fortifications at, V., 303, 290;
VIL, 160, 2S0: VIIL, 73, 87, 103,
282, 288; f^rst battle of, IX., 83;
losses at, X., 62, 126, 1.56.

Manassas and Chantilly, Va., los.ses
at, X., 142.

Manassas Gap, Va.: IL, 342; rail-
road at, v., 282.

Manassas .Junction, Va.: I., 14(i;
IL, 34. 39 seq.. 40; after Confed-
erate attack, IL, 41; disaster at,
caused by delay in reenforcing
Pope, IL, 43; IIL, 30; IV., 87,
89; military train destroyed at,
rV., 91; federal supplies cap-
tured at, IV., 93; Jackson destroys
supplies at, IV., 9.5 seq.

Manassas Station, Va.: Orange and
.cMexandria R. R.. I., 16l seq.;
IIL, 315; captured, IX., 75.

Mnnnssns, C. S. S.: I., 227, 228, 232,
234; VL, 189, 191, 192, 194, 198,
218, 310, 314.

Manchester, Md., VIIL, 204.

Manderson, C. F.. X., 331.

Mancv, F., I., 186.

Maney, G.: IX., 245; X., 39.';.

Maney's battery, Tenn., L, 186.

Mangan, J. C, IX., 158.

Manhaltan, V. S. S., VI., 247.

Manigault, A. M., X., 283.

Mansfield, .1. K. F.: I., 64; IL, 61,
08 seq.. 324; X., 129, 21(i.

Mansion Hcnise Hospital, Alexan-
dria, Va., VIL, 233.

Manson, M. D., X., 87.

Manufacliuiiig dciiols, VIIL, .50.

"Many tlmus.and go," IX., 352.

Map of inii)ortant btiUlcgrouiids of
the Ciyil War: I., 2; photograi)h-
ing, VIIL, 23.

Maiile Leaf, V. S. S., VL, 320.

MiiraUuiza, U. S. S.: IIL, 342; VL,
77, 79, 314.

Mnrhlehead, V. S. S., VL, 121, 320.

"March to the Sea": under Gen.
Sheniian, I., 80, 128; one of the
greatest pageants in the world'.s
warfare, IIL, 214 seq.; prepara-
tions for, IIL, 220, 221, 222;
VIIL, 210-214; IX., 109, 170, 171.

Marches: ( f the l'eder;d armies,
VIIL, 2112; long, VIIL, 201, 214.

Marching: :ind its lessons to tlie
soldier, VIIL, 104; and foraging,
VIIL, 197; appearance of sol-
diers, VIIL, 203; .step, length of,
VIIL, 205; songs, IX., 20; tunes,

IX. , 342 seq.

"Marching through Georgia," H.
C. Work, IX., 108, 235, 243, 344.

Marcey, R. B., V., 75.

Maria, C. S. S., VL, 123.

Marianna, Ark., IL, 320.

Marianna, Fla., IIL, .332.

Marietta, Ga.: G. H. Thomas' head-
qiuirters at, IIL, 119; battle of
Kenesaw Momitain at Big
Shanty, IIL, 322; VIL, 266;
VIIL, .332.

Marines, Confederate, in defense of
Richmond, VL, 289.

Marines, U. S.: Battalion of, L, 348,
on western rivers, VL, 68-9; in
hand assault on Fort Fisher, VI.,
248, 257, 259.

Marion Artillery Company, Charles-
ton, S. C, v., (iO.

Markham, Mr., I., 233.

Marks Mills, Ark., IL, 352.

Marlborough, J. C, I., 190.

Marmaduke, J. S.: IL, 326, 330,
332, 340, 342, 344; IIL, 322; X.,
279.

Marmora, U. S. S., VL, 221.
Marshall, C, VIIL, 241.
Marshall, E. G.. IIL, 200; X., 225.
Marshall, H.: L, 180, 363, 364;

IL, 328; X., 254, 267.
Marshall House, Alexandria, Va.,

I., 346.

"Marshal! Ney of Getty.sburg," a
name given to Gen'I G. E.
Pickett, IL, 261.

Marston, G., X., 319.

Marston, J., VL, 174.

Martha's Vineyard, Mass., VL, 318.

Martin, J, G.: IL, 322; X., 379.

Martin, J. W.: Sixth Independent
New York Battery, horse artil-
lery, IX., (il.

Martin, R. M.: attempts to burn
New York City, VIIL, 300 seq.

Martin, W, F.: I., 350; IL, 330, 348.

Martindale, J. H.: I., 333; X., 191,
226.

Martinsburg, Md., L, 348.

Martinsburg, Mo., I., .348.

Martin.sburg, W. Va.: II. , 336; IIL,
144, 148; IV., 82, 84.

Marye's Heigh t.s, Va.: IL, 81;
Confederates, strongest position
of, on, II. , 84, 86; national ceme-
tery at, IL, 87; Union assault
upon and slaughter at, II. , 92-96
ine.; Marye's house at, IL, 95;
Union and Confederate losses and
wounded at, IL, 102, 113, 120,
123 seq.; havoc wrought on, IL,
135, 126; Union success at,
dearly bought, IL, 127; V., 16,
58; federal wounded at, VIL,
353, 253; Indian sharpshooters
at, VIL, 2.54; wounded at, VIL,
255, 369, 303; remo^ng wounded
from, VIL, 398: capture of, VIL,
308; assault on, VIIL, 97.

Marye's Hill. Va. : IL, 92 ; VIIL, 232.

Mar\danfl tro(»iis, Confederate:

Infiuilni: First. I., 342, 3.50,
.364, .366: VIL, 160; VIIL, 122;

X. , 156; losses at (Jettysburg, Pa.,
X., 1.58.

Maryland troops. Union:

Camlry; First, II., 328, 348.
Infantry: First, L, 364; home
brigade, IL, 324, 336; VIL, 169;
Second home brigade, IL, 348;
Third h..rni- brigade, IL, 324;
SiMli, II. ,:;:!(■..
Mar\kiiid lie- inyasion of: IL, .58

seq., 21(1; calijpaigTi 'if. II. , 78;
feeling agairi,-l (he I rul. d Sliite.^
troops jiassHig tliriiiigli. VIIL, 71;
enlistment on both sitles, VIIL,
103; campaign, Lee's, VIIL, 154,
150.

Maryland Heights, Va.: IL, 00;

the abandoned .stronghold, II ,

325; IIL, 326.
Mason, A. I'., VL, 291.
AIxsoii, ( '., IV., 329.
Mason, JOmily, VIL, 296.
Mason, H. R., V., 20.5.
Mason, .1. M.: I., 354; VL, 310, 314.;

VIL, 296.
Mason. .1. S., VIL, 150.
Ma.soii, .1. W ., IV., 212.
Ma.soii, R.: VIL, 1(1; VIIL, 10.
Mason and Dixon line, IL, 78, 2.34.
Mason and Munson's Hill, Va., IV.,

79.

Massachusetts troops:

ArUllrni. Heavy: First, IIL, 65;
at Belle Plain, Va., V., 53, 53;
Third, X., 101; Company K, X.,
101; Company A, V., 105.

Artillery, Liqlit: First, I., 362;
batterv in camp, V., 27; Second,
IL, 180, 320; Third, IIL, 1.55;
Fourth, IL, 180, 320; Fifth, I.,
364; v., 47; Sixth, IL, 180, 320,
330; Eighth, V., 27; Ninth, IL,
247, 2,50; Sixteenth, IX., 265;
Eighteenth, IIL, 71.

Cavalry: First, I., 366; II., 326,
336; horses of E. A. Flint, IV.,
53, 57; group of, IV., 123 seq.;
group of officers of, IV., 123 seq.;
companies C and D, IV., 183,
197; VIIL, 135; independent
company, II. , 350.

Infantry: First, L, 348, 362;
VIL, 169; Second, IL, 336;
losses, v., 1.54; Fourth, I., 348;
IL, 320, 330; Fifth, I., 348;
Sixth I., 66, 320; protection
again.st the mob in Baltimore,
Md., VIIL, 63, 72; IX., 19, 158,
261; Eighth, VL, 44; VIIL,
07. 72; repairing the railway,
VIIL, 74; Ninth, I., 342, 343, 364;
and Second Bull Run, VIIL, 63;
Irish recruits from Boston, VIIL,
100; officers of, at Camp Cass,
VIIL, 63; at .service, VIIL, 100;
Twelfth, X., 124, 1,52; Thirteenth,
I., 352; Fourteenth, IL, 336;Fif-
teenth. L, 296, 3.52; VIIL, 98,
104; X., 124; losses, X., 154;
Sixteenth, I., 366; Seventeenth,
IL, .348; Nineteenth, IX., 315;
Twentieth, I., 296, 352; VIIL,
104; losses, X., 152; Twentv-
first, I., 356, 358, 362; Twenty-
second, L, 364; VIIL, 196; losses,
X., 1.54; Twenty-third, I., 356,
358; Twenty-fourth, I., 356, 3.58,
366; IL, 322, 348; V., 117;
Twenty-fifth, I., 356, 3.58; losses,
X., 1.52; Twenty-sixth, IL, 336;
Twentv-seventh, L, 356, 358;
Twenty-eighth, I., 364, 366; IL,
93; losses, X., 1.54; Thirtieth, II.,
320; Thirtv-third, IL, 336;
Fortieth, IL, 3.50; bayonet drill
of. VIIL, 183; Forty-second, IL,
330, 336; Forty-seventh, IL, 336;
Fiftv-fourth (colored), IX., 177;
Fifty-fifth (colored), IIL, 340;

IX. , 177; Fifty-seventh, ksses,

X. , 1.54.

Ma.ssachusetts: population in 1860,
VIIL, .58; nimiber troops lost,
VIIL, 59; activity in recruiting,
VIIL, 72; exceeds quota asked
for, VIIL, 74; uniform of troops,
VIIL, 78; soldiers visit Rich-
mond, X., 138.

Massachusetts Historical Society,
Proceedings of, L, 90.

Massachusetts, U. S. S., VL, 310.

Massannutten Mountain, Va. : I.,
308; IIL, 162; IX., 87.

' 'Massa's in de Cold, Cold Ground,"
S. C. Foster. IX., 346.

Massasoit, U. S. S.. VL, 175, 265.

Ma.ster, M., VIIL, 115.

[2d Ed.]

[341]

MASTERPIECE

INDEX

MISSOURI TROOPS

"Masterpiece of tactics," II., 2S.").
Matamoras, Tex.. I., 94.
Matapony, Va. (see also Thocii-

burg.Va.), II., 320.
Mntahi-.'tell, U. S. 8., III., 31S.
iMathias Point, Va.: I., 348; VI., 9G,

97, 308.

Mattapony River, ^"a.: I., 282; V.,
260.

Matthews, B., IX., 158.

Maull, J. F., VII., 147.

Maumer, U. S. S., III., 342.

Maurepas, C. S. S.: I., :j()(); VI., 218.

Maurv, D. H.: II., l.-.il, :«2; III.,
328, 344; (luotcd, IV., 278: VI.,
258, 260; IX., 247; X., 351, 278.

Maurv, I., I., 14.

Maury, M. F., VI., 296.

MaxcV, S. B., X., 313.

Maxev, J., I., 179.

Maxwell, J. G., VI., 104, 310.

May, E. S., quoted, V., 54.

Mavn.ard, H., IV., 56.

Mnzeppa. U. S. 8., IV., 163.

Meade, G. G.: I., 43, 68, 73, 113,
132; II., 88, 100, 108, 110, 203;
with .staff, II., 233; headquar-
ters at Cemetery Ridge, Gettys-
burg, Pa., II., 361; army of,
after crossing Potomac, II., 367;
headquarters at Culpeper, Va.,

II. , 345; III., 15. 2S; head-
quarters at Brandv Station, \'a.,

III. , 39, 30, 31, ,32, 34, 4(i, .53, 55,
.58, 68, 81, 82, 84, 88, 190, 294,
318, 320, 322, 324, 34(); IV., 43,
92, 122, 203, 274, 312; V., 240,
246; VI., 317; at Gettysburg, Pa.,
VIII., 36; march to Petersburg,
Va., VIII., 50, 95, 98, 204, 2.32,
234, 246, 327, 338, 345, 350, 357,
366, 368; IX.,2.35,331 ;X., 168,169.

Meade, G., Jr., VIII., 192.
Meade, R. W.. Jr., VI., 121.
Meadow Bridge, \'a.: I., 319. 3J2;

IV. , 126.

Meagher, T. F.: I., 330; II., 69;
Irish brigade, II., 92, 93, 324; X.,
135.

Mechanics: recruits, VIII., 187.

Mechanics^lle, Va.: Eller.son'.s Mill
near, I.. 317; bridge at, I., 31«,
320, 322, 343, 361. 360; III., 84;
IV., 333.5ff/.; v., 21, 30 seg.. 32.
33, 149, 230; lo.sses at, X., 142.

Medical oflBecrs: VII., 316; army,
multiplicity of important duties
of, VII., 224; number of. in war,
and .'ichie^'ements of, VII., 226;
Federal, i-ecord of casualties
among, VII., 228; of the two
armies, consideration shown one
to the other, VII., 290.

Medical and surgical supplies: VII.,

213. s'f4.; transportation of, VII.,
228, 230.

Medical service of the Confederacv,
VII., 237.

Medical supplies: means and ways
of obtaining, bv Confederates.
VII., 242, 244; w:uil of. :iiiiong
citizens of Southern states, VII.,
245; books, in medical depart-
ment of Confederate armv, VIII.,
248-250.

Medical Landing, City Point, Va.,
VII., 337.

"Medical Purvevr)rs Department,"
Confederate, VII., 241.

Medicines: poor <|uuliT\' and prep-
aration of, VII., 232.

Medley, W. Va., II., 348.

"Meet, O Lord," anon., IX., 352.

Meigs, M. C, VII., 69, 98; X., 391.

Meikle, G. W., III., 207.

Memminger, C. G.: VI., 30; X., 13.

Memorial Dav: IX., 275; X., 294.

Memphis, Mo., I., 368.

Memphis, Tenn.: I., 94, 108, 1S7,

214, 225, 235, 236 seq., 246, 348,
366; II., 182, 188, 341, 3.50; III.,
330; IV., 49; V., 164; VI., 3.5, 222,
314; VIII., 208; McClernand's
corps at, X., IJ.

Memphis. V. S. S., II., 330.
Memphis and Charleston R.R.: II.,

147, 1.52; IIL, 16.
"Men who policed the Federals,"

VII., 191.
"Men who shod a million horses,"

IV., 68, 69.
Mendell, G. H., V., 242.
Min.lntn. V. S. S.: VL, 1.1, 63; the

Parrot t ^uri f>f, VI., 37.5; men on

t!i.-, VI., 27.S.

Mercer. H. W.. X., 363.

.Mrnvr. S., VL, 100.

Merchants' .Association of Boston,
Ma.ss., IX., 31.

" Mert'hants that followed the
armies," VIII., .33.

Mer,-i,l,t,i. \ . .S. S.: II., 330; VI.,
239. 272. .ils.

Mtrrnni, I . S. S., IL, 163.

Mc-rcdith, S.: IL, 241; X., 135.

.Mcir.lith. .S. VIL, 101, 114.

Meredith, W. T., author of poem
"P'arragut," IX., 102.

Meridian, Miss.: II., 341, 348; IIL,
221; IV., 198.

Meridian Hill, Washington, D. C,
New York Seventh, camp of,
VIIL, 67.

Merrill, G. S., X., 296.

Merrimac. C. S. S. (see also Vir-
ginia, C. S. S.): I., 239, 260,
358; v., 2,58; VL, 20 seq., ;«>, 73,
130, 137, 140, 142, 154, 163, 309,
312, 314.

Merritt, W.: IIL, ,54, 160, 287, 328,
330, 332, 338, 340; IV., 23, 34, 41,
215, quoted, 222, 230, 242, 244,
250, 252, 360, 361, 371 seq.. 270
seq., 278; VIIL, 185, 193, 196,
234; X., 9.5, 238,

Merrvman, J., VII., 194, 200.

Mersv. A.. X., 301.

.Mervine, W.. VL, 118.

Mescrve, F. H., I., 14.

.Mel.u-omet. V. S. S., VL, 247, 254.

Metamora, on Big Hatchie River,
Miss., IL, 324.

Mexican War: L, 174; IL, 143, 242;
Braxton Bragg, .services in. II. ,
281; IV., 22. VII., 347; veterans
of, VIIL, 181; IX., 211, 288; Lee
in. X., 56 seq.

Miami, V. S. S.: IL, 352; IIL, 318;
VL, 1,S8. 190; officers of, VL, 189.

Miiinlvnomoh. U. S. S., VI. , 132,
133, 152.

Michie, P. S.: IIL, 323; V., 243; IX.,
179.

Michigan: jjopulation cf, in 1860,
VIIL, 71; appropriations for
militarv service. VIIL, 71; losses
during the Civil War. VIIL, 71;
quota of troops furnished during
Civil War, VIIL, 71; responses
to first call, VIIL, 74; quota sent
to defend the Union, VIIL, 77,
78.

Michigan State Relief .■Association,
!»t White House, Va., VIL, 341.

Michigan tro(jps:

Artilltry: First, I., 352; IIL,
326; Eleventh, IL, 336, 348;
Twenty-fourth, IL, 346.

Enfjineers: First, mechanics
and artisans of, building the Elk
River br.dge, L, 313; IIL, 310,
311.

Camlry: First, L, 360; IV., 29,
170; capture of Turner .Aslibv,
IV., 177, 240; Second, I., 3(;4 ;
IL, 330, .3132, :«ll; IV., 14fi, 263;
Third, L, 3.38; IL, 342; IIL, 324;
Fourth, IIL, :i46; IX., 295. 297;
Seventh. II. , 336: IV., 237. 240;
Ninth, IL, 336; Tenth. IIL, .330.

Jiifantnj: V\r»t, I., 34.S; IIL,
3'll; transfer of the Fourth to,
VIIL, 73; losses, X., 1.54; Second,
I., 34S, 3.54; IIL, 330; Third. I.,
34,s, S.W; IL, .346; IX., 59; Fourth,
I., 364; VIIL, 71; mustered in,
VIIL, 73, 75, 77, 95; losses, X.,
1.54; Fifth. L, 3.54; IL, 346; LV.,
172; IX., 59; lo.s.ses, X., 154; Sixth,
IL, 320, 330; Seventh, I., 296;
IX., 315; losses, X., 154; Eighth,
L, 360, 364, 366; VIL, 4, 27;
Ninth, L, 368; IL, 322; Eleventh,
IIL, 332; Twelfth, IL, 328; Four-
teenth, IL, .326; Fifteenth, IL,
336; Sixteenth, I., 364; Eigh-
teenth. IL, 332; IIL, 332. 33N;
Nineteenth, IL, 330, 332;
Twenty-first, IL, 171, 173;
Twentv-sccond, IL, 332; VIIL,
192; Twentv-third, IL, 346;
Twentv-fourth, II., 3.39; X., 124:
Twentv-fifth, IV., 175; Twentv-
3ixth, ill., 313; bugler of, VIII.,
35,5; Twenty-seventh, losses, X.,
1.54.

Mirhiqim. V. S. S.: VI., 48; VIIL,

298.

Midtler, N., V., 238, 240; cottage
of, v., 349.

Mi-kle, W. E.. I.. 19.

Middle Creek, Ky.. I., 356. 363.

Middle Creek Fork, W. \'a. (.see

also Buckhannon, W. ^'a.), I..

348.

Middleburg, Tenn., IL, 328.

Middleton, Tenn., IL, 340.

Middletown, Md., IIL, 326.

Middletown, Va.: I., 364; II. , 336.

Millirook Manor House, England,
IX., 340 1.

Miles, D. H., L, 10.

Miles, N. A.: IL, 60, 62; IIL, 201,
208. 294; VIIL, 196; X., 190, 313.

Milford, Mo., I., 354.

Milford, Va., IIL, 158,

Military Commission: the trial and
conviction of C. L. \'allandigham
by, VIL, 204 seq.: the trial and
conviction of Col. L. P. Milligan
and associates by, VIL, 206, 208;
court convened at Washington,
D. C, May 9, 1805, VIL, 207,
209; the members of the com-
mission which tried the Lincoln
conspirators. VIL, 307-309.

Militarv Information Bureau:
VIII.', 264; chief and aides, VIIL.
364, 265, 278, 305 seq.

Military Order of the Loyal Legion:
its organization and history, I..
14-19; X., 290.

Military Railroads: an important
factor in war science: IL, 34, 35
seq.; condition of. and their use
during the war, IL, 125; IV., 159:
deficient in equipment and j)h>'si-
cal condition in 18(54, IV., 91;
train captured and up.set h\ Con-
federates, rV., 91.

Military status of the North and
the South compared at the out-
break of the war, IV., 24. 26.

Militia: arming of, V., 142; Louisi-
ana, at drill, VIIL, 143; South
Carolina, at begiiming of war,
VIIL, 147.

Mill Creek, N. C, III., 166.

Mill Creek Gap. Ga., IIL, 318.

Mill Creek Mills, W. Va. (see also
Romne^•, W. Va.). L, 3.54.

Jlill Springs, Kv.: I., l.SO, 356; V.,
65; X., 1.56.

Milledgeville, Ga., IIL, 228, 232.

MiUedaetiUe. C. S. S.. VL, 75.

Millen, Ga.. VIL, 1.30.

Miller, F. T.: L, 5, 9, 11: a photo-
graphic history, outgrowth cf
plan of, L, 14; IL, 5.

Miller, J. F., X., 203.

Miller, Lieut., Pennsvlvania First
Light Artillerv: I., 33; IIL, 177.

Miller. S.: I., 147; X., 317.

Miller. W.. X., 361.

Miller, W. H., I., 19.

Milligan, L. P., VIL, 206, 208.

Milhken's Bend, La.: IL, 212, 336;
VL, 207, 316.

Mill.sville, Mo. (.see also Wentz-
ville. Mo.). L. .348.

.Milroy. H. H.: IL,49, 322; IIL, 340.

Milwaukee, Wis.: mustering a
regiment, VIIL, 74.

Milwaukee, U. S. S., VL, 276. 319,
322.

Mindil, G. W.. X.,219.

Mine Run, Va.: IL, 345, 346; IIL,

17, 30; v., 23S.
Miner, Lieut.. VIIL, 324.
Miner's Hill. Va.. VIIL, 99.
Minnesota: response to first call,

VIIL, 74. 78; quota furnished to

defend Union, VIIL, 79; losses

during Civil W.ar, VIIL, 79;

popuh.ti.in of, in 1860, VIIL, 79.
MiuDcsi.ta troop.s:

hijnnlri): First, I., 147, 348;

dead of, at Gettysburg, II., 244;

at Camp Stone, Md., VIIL, 79;

98; X., 124; los.ses, X., 1.'.2, 1.54;

Second, L, 348, 3.56; IIL, 101;

Third. I., 368; IL, 34.3, 350;

Fourth. IIL, .3.32; Fifth. IL, 352;

IIL, 3.30; Seventh, IIL, 3.30;

Eighth. IIL, 1.59, 247; Ninth,

IIL, 324: Tenth, IIL, 270.
Minnesota. U. S. S.: I., 358; IL, 348;

IIL, :340; v., 267; VL, 36. 48. 100,

102, 12.5, 1.56. 161, 369. 308. 311.
Minor, H. D.. VL, 168.
Minor's Hill. \"a.: I., 257; signal

towcT, VIIL, 31.5.
Minty, K. II. G.. IV., 34.
Missioii;ii\' liidge. Tenn.: battle of,

IL, 10.' 177, 270, 277, 290, 294,

301, 309; v., 208; IX., 115, 166;
X., 31, 90.
Mississippi: secedes, I. ,346; military
di\'ision of, IL, 296, 324; IIL,
322, 326; campaign in, IV., 198;
forts, VL, 38; a plantation view,

IX. , 183; campaign that opened
1863, X., 78.

Mississippi troops. Confederate:
Artillery: Smith's batterj-, I.,
3.54.

Cavalry: First, I., 352; Second,
L, 352; Third, I., 352.

Infantry: First, I., 358; Second,

I. , 350; Third. I., 3.58; Fourth, L,
356, 358; Sixth, losses at Shiloh,
Tenn., X., 1.58; Eighth, losses at
Stone's River, Tenn., X., 1.58;
Ninth. Company B, officers of, I.,
97, 197, 301, 3.52; VIIL, 149, 151 ;
Tentli. I., 352; Eleventh. L, 3,50;
Twelfth, X., 156; Tltirleenth, I.,
31N, :!5(l, :;:).'; l illicnth. I., 356;

X. , 156; Sixti>( nth. losses at An-
tietam, Md.. X., 158; Seventeenth,
L, 3.50, 3.52; Eighteenth. I., 3.-)0,
352; losses at -Antietam. Md.. X.,
158; Nineteenth, X., 156; Twen-
tieth, I., 3.58; Twenty-sixth, I.,
358; Thirty-fifth, X., i56; Forty-
second. X., 156.

Mississippi troops. Union:

Iti/arttry: First, IIL, 342.
Mississippi, C. S. S., I., 229, 233,
234.

Mississippi, V. S. S.: I., 227, 234;

IL, 210; VL, 55, 188, 190, 191,

200, 2:34, 318.
Mississippi Central Railroad, II. ,

200.

Mississippi river: opening of, II. , 9,
129; II. , 130, 179 seq.: Federal
transportson.IL, 182;the gate to,
IL, 193; beh.w A icksburg, Miss.,
IL, 330; VL, 35; delta of, VL,
1S9;VIII., 4(i; opening of, IX.,105.

Mississippi Sound, Miss., 'VL, 312.

^lississipoi s(|uadron: gimboats.

II. , 330; VL, 214, 220; VIIL, 3.30.
"Mississippi A'alle\' in the Ci\'ii

War, The," John' Fiske, IL, 166,
272.

Mi.s.sissippi Valley: VL, 112; ruins
in, IX., 317; campaign, X., 88.

Mis.souri: IL, 330; militia. IL, .344;
VIL, 30; response to call to de-
fend the I'nion, VIIL, 74; en-
listment on both sides, VIIL, 102.

Missouri troops. Confederate:
Camlry: First, I., 358.
Infantry: First, I., 358; Second,
I., 3.58; Third, I., 358; Ft tirth. I.,
358; Fifth. I., 358; Sixth. I., 358;
losses at ^'ieksburg, Miss., and
Corinth, Miss., X., 156; Seventh,
X., 156.

State Guards: First. I., 3.50, 358.
Second. I., 358; Third, I., 3,50;
Fourth, I., .350; Fifth, L, 3.50;
Bowen's, I., 3.58; Price's, I., 352;
Rains', L, 3.50.
Missouri trooi:s, I'nion:

Arlillrri/: Second, Batterj' L,
IL, :-i30; Bulli.s.s'. L, 3.58.

Artillery. Liqlit: First, Totten's
Battery, I., 348, 3.50, 353, 368;
Compan\' A. I., 352, 356;
Batterv 'D. IL, 332; Battery L,
IL,:«2. Batterv M, IL,. 341, 344;
Second, Batterv B, I., 3.58;
Batterv E, IL, 352; Batterv F,
L, .3.58; Batterv H, IIL, .3.32.

Cm-alry: First. I., 352. 3.54. 3.56,
3.58, 360; II. , 344. 3.52; Second, I.,
36S: IL, 320, 332, 348; IIL, 332;
Thinl. I., 3.-.(i; IL, 326, :i30, .332;
Fourth. I., 3.58. 364; brigade. IL,
324, 344; Fifth, I., 3,58; Sixth,
I., 3.50, 352, 3.58; Seventh, IL,
320. .344. 3.50, 3,52; Eighth, IL,
.350; IIL, .3.30; Ninth, IL, .•S20;
Tenth. I., 3.50; IV., 198; Eleventh,
I., 368; III., .3.30; Twelfth. IIL,
.330; Thirteenth. IIL, 338; Six-
teenth, IL, 350; Heir,\ 's, I., 3,52;
Militia. IL, 326; \ an Home's, I.,
3,52.

Infantry: First, L, 3.53, 3.58,
362; 'Second, L, 348, .358, 368;
IL, 352: Third. I., .346, :548, ,3.58,
367, iiOs- I'oiHtli, IL, 3.52; IIL,
324. 312; I'iltli, I., 34.S; Sixth, I.,
35S: <li-tMr li.rieiits of, I., 358; II. ,
202. :i42; Seventh, I., 356;
Eighth. I., 352. 356; Ninth, I.,

[3d Ed.]

[342]

Missol HI ruooi's

INDEX

NAVY

Missouri troops — Coniinui <! .

;i(iS; III., .'iHS; Tenth, II., :ilS;

lli.,;ino. ;!tL': MicviMith, Iii.,;i2i.

Xm-, Twclflli. I.,:i.')S; Thirlcciilli,
I., ii.")!!; III., ii.iS; Fourtocntli,
I., .'!.")-'; iMllccnlli, I., :i5X; Seven-
tccrilli, I., ;i.'>s, .■i(i4; Twenty-
first Missouri N'oluiitccrs, I., .'i.50;
III., :i;iO; ■I'wciilv-fnurlli. I., li.'iS;
Twcr.ly-liftli, I., .'i."'!'; Twcti(.\-
sovi'iilii, I., ii.')-: TliiriN -iiiiilli.
III., 332; Forty-tliir.l, HI., 3:i.S
l''orlv-seventh, III., 332; Fifliclli,
III.,'332.

Rracrvc Ciirps: First, I., 34();
Third, I., 31(>; Fourth, I., 34(>;
Fifth, I., 3 Id.
Missouri. C. S. S,. VI., 322.

Mil. ■hell, .1. (;., X., ixi.

Mitcli.-n. .1. K., VI., S9. 17.-). 192.
Milchrll. (). M.: I., 211; VIII., 277;

X., 187, 210.
Miti hcll, U. H.. VIII., 103.
Mitcholl's Station, \'a. (.sec also

Tcdar .Mountain. Va.), II., 320.
Mizell, U. A.. VIII., Il">.
Mobile, Ala.: I., N7. :M, <ll; II., 313;

III. , 32, 221, mol-c ..f, III.,
344; v., 210; VI., 17, 21, 31,
38, 40, 14!1, 2.50, 2.54, 2.-)8, 31(i,
322; VII., 174; VIII., 240; cap-
ture of, IX., 271.

Moliile and Ohio Railroad, II., 140;

IV. , 1!)8.

Mobile Bay, .Ma.: VI., 110. 120,
147. 187, 103. 213, 'i^. 201, 314,
322; battle of, IX., 102, 10.'..

Afnhih Rr<,isl,r. i|U..tc-il, IX., .!!.

:\inrciisiu r..iiii. rrmi.. ii., 302.

.\f,„;;is,n. r. S. S., IIJ., 31.'.
Moliircni. V. S. S.: III., .312; VI.,
22, 270.

Molena, Niearaguan ininister, VI.,
35.

Moltke, H. K. B., I., 124.

Mitnailnnrk, U. S. S.: III., 340; VI.,
132, 133, 1.52.

Monarch, V. S. S.: I., 240, 242, 244,
300; VI., 3,5. ,s.5, 222.

Monday's Hollow, Mo.: (same as
Wet niaze. -Mo.), I., 3.52.

Monefte Ferrv, l,a., II., 352.

Monett's Bluff, I..a., II., 130.

Monitor. U. S. S.: I., 110, 260, 276,
277,283,313, 3.58, 364; VI., 19,
36, 56, 77, 117, 130, 137, 138, 1.39,
154, 155; turret of, VI., lAft; men
on the. VI., 1«1; en w of. VI.,
163; offieers of, VI., 165, 179, 241,
309, 312, 314, 316.

Monitors (see also Ironclads) : I., 34;
1 'nion, on the .lames, V., 311 ; VI.,
3(1, 3S. 55, .56, 73, 75, 129-179.

Mo .nracy. Md.. III., 320.

Mon'>ng:ihela, Pa., battle of, IX.,
228.

Monongahela, U. S. S.: VI., 247, 351,
2.52, 254.

Monroe, Fortress, Va. (.see also Fort-
ress Monroe, Va.): I., 51, 252, 255.
2(j0; Cairt. Parker quoted re-
Kirding, VI., 170.

"Monroe Doctrine," V., 1.54.

Monroe .Station, Mo , I., 348.

Monlnik, V. S. S.: I., 34; II., 332;
VI., 128, 173, 241, 272, 318; IX.
336.

Montcalm, T.. J.. I., 12.

Monterey, Cal., b.attle at, IX., 03.

Mcmterev Gap, Pa., II., 340.

Montevallo. Mo., I., 3tiO.

Montgomery, .\. B.. III., 332.

Montgomery, J. E.: I., 23N, 242,
244; VI., 83, 220.

Montgomery, Ala.: I., 87; III., 340;
IV., 13S;V., 1.58, 100; VI., 74, 2.58.

MiintiioiiiiTy Ilill, Nashyille, Tenn.,
III., 2i;s.

M-jnl.i<nnir,i. W S. S., III., 342.

Monticello, Ky., II., 330.

MonticeUo. V. S. .s:.: III., 342; VI.,
100, 369, 308, 3 Hi.

Monton, A., II., 352; X., l.iS.

Montpelier, \'t., \'cTiiiont ."^ixth In-
fantry, departure from, VIII., 65.

Moody.' Y. M.. X., 355.

Moon, J. W., VII., 150.

Moon Lake. Miss., VI., 208.

Moonlight, T., X., 307.

Moore, J., VII., 224.

Moore. J. C. X., .tlS.

Moore, .1. .1.. v.. 2S7.

Moore. P. T., X., 319.

Mor)re. S. P.. VII., 222, 23S, 3:J»,
2.50, 27S, 2S2, 349, 351.

Moore, W., VIII., 363.

Aloore's Hou.se, Va., I., 369.

.Moore's Mills, Mo., I., 308.

Moorefield, West Va.: III., 328; IV.,
102. 108.

Mon-heail, .1. W.. VI., 233.

.Morrhcad, T. (1.. II., 61.

Mon-ll.(;.\V.:I.,257,3 12; VIII.,315.

Morlil, .M.a.ior. VII., 95.

Morsjan. A. .M.. IX., .59.

.M.irgan. C 11.: VII., 30; X., 339.

.Morgan. V.. W .: I., 300; II., 202,
328; X., 189, 216, 333.

Morgan, .1. D.: III., 208; X., 85.

Moriian, ,1. II.: I., 178. 302, 368;
II., lOS. 17(1, 320, 326, 328, 332,
3.31, 3.3(1; raid in Ohio, II., 340;
raid in Indiana, II., 340; raid in
Kentuck\. II., 340, 348; III.,
322, 32 (, 32,s, ;!30; IV., 34, 77,
131; his Chrisdiias r.aid, 1SI)2-
l,SO;i, IV., 11 1-101. Ids, 171 s,q.,
175 dc.alli of. IV., 170, 202;

VII., 2(1, 5S, 141, 1.50, 152; VIII.,

I. s. 145, 248, 27.5, 290, 302, 362;
X., 1.55, 280.

Morgan, .1. T., IV., 160.
Morgan, M. M., I., 81.
.Morgan, R. C, VII., 30.
Mursian, C. S. S., VI., 252. 2.54,
Morrill, Asst. Eng., C. S. N., VII.,
133.

Morris, Mrs. A.: VII., 200; VIII.,
289.

Morris, Tieut. C M., Confederate

nayy, VI., 294.
Morri.s. G. V .. VI., 102.
.Morris. H. W., VI., .55, 190.
Morris, R. L., X., 2.
Morris, W. H.. X., 335.
Morris Island, S. f'.: I., 24, 101 scq.;

II. , .319, 3:C), .342; III., 240; V.,
12, 110, lis; VI., 107, 120, 238,
274, 31K; VII., 103; stockade for
Gonfederate prisoners at, VII.,
16.5, 170; VIII., (1(1; IX., 51, 333.

Morri.son, J. (;.. X., 103.
Morrison, T., VIII., 363.
Morrison, W. H., I., 18().
Morristown, Mo., I., 352.
Morristown, Tenn., II., 348; III.,
3.38

Morrisville, Va., IV., 233.

Morrow, H. A., X., 315.

Morse, S. F. B., I., 38.

Mnrsse. V . S. S., I., 3.56.

Mortar "Dictator," III., 1S6 seq.;

17,000 pound .se.a-coast type, V.,

131.

IMortar schooners used by Federals,
VI., 190. 195, 197, 200'.

Mortars: V., 33; Coehorn, V., 149,
178; Confederate at Petersburg,
v., 182; Federal at Petersburg,
v., 182.

Morton, .1. .S., III., 261.

•Morton, (). P., X., 292.

Mortim, .St. G., for whom Fort Mor-
ton w'as nanied. III., 200.

Morton, Camp, Ind., IV., 21 1.

Morton Ford, Va.: II., 350; III., .30;
IV., 119; VII., 181.

Morton, Fort, Va. (see Fort Morton,
Va.): I., .34; v., 95.

Mosby. G. F.. Confederate drum-
mer boy, VIII., .383.

Mosby, J. S.: II., 330, 348; IV., 27,
32, 77, 110, 166; and staff, IV.,
166 seq.. 168, 169, 171 seq., 176
aiq.. 178, ISO, 219.

M.iscow, Ark., II., 352.

"Mos<'ow," horse of P. Kearny
IV., 318.

M..s,.,,w Station. Miss.. II., 346.

M.,M's, Lieutenant, VII., 133.

M„si„r. G. S. S.: I., 227; VI., 187,
191, 200.

•■Mos(iuito Fleet": Union, I., 245;

Grmfederate, I., 356.
M..SS, 1,., VII., 17.
••Mother Kissed Mo In My

Dream," IX., :i50.
Mntt, (',.: III., 1(1, fiO; X., 190, 319.
M .i(lt.)0. Ma,, III., 322.
Mouhrie, I-5irt, G. (see also Fort

-Monltrie.S.G.): I.,24. 99; v., 1 19.
Moutid Gi(v. 111,. I., 185, 210; VI.,

313; nayal station at, VI., 315,

322; hospil.al at, VII., 330.
Mnun.l / ■ill/. \ . S, S.: I., 222. 225,

2:;7, 23N, 302, 300; II., 194, 190;

VI., 214, 220, 222, 314; VII., 319;

IX., 371.
Mount Elba. Ark., II., 3.50.
iMount Jackson, Va., IV., 249.

Mount McGregor, N. Y., IX., 112,

119; X., 40.
Mount .Sterling, Ky.: II., 332; III.,

322.

Mount \'ernon, Ala., V., 156, 104.
Mount Vernon, Ohio, VII., 204.
Mount \'ernon, \'a., IX., 125.
Mminl Vmio,,, U. S. S.: VI., 92,

30S, :il2, 310.
Moiujt 7,ion, .Mo., I., 356.
".Mounted Police of the Wc.st,

The, ' I., 309.
Mower, .1. A.: III., 347; X., 76, 77,

191,224.
Mudd, S, ,\,, VII., 205.
Mukden, .Manchuria, I., 136; X.,126.
MulbcTry Island, \ a., V., 300,
Muldraughs Hill, Kv., IV., 1.50.
Mulford, ,1. E.; VII., 101; Federal

exchange officer, VII., 103, 172.
Mullarkey, P., VIII., 302.
Mullen, ,1., X., 35.
Mullen, ,1. D., II., 331.
Mulligan, .1. A.: III., 332; X., 1.3.5.
Mumford, W. B., VII., 110.
Mumfordyille, Ky. (see also How-

lett's Station, Ky.) : I., 354; II.,

324; IV., 154.
Mumma's House, Antietam, Va.,

II., 65.

Munford, T. T., III., 344; IV., 87

seq., 104.
Munn, B.. I., 179.
Munson, E. L., VII., 9, 218, 346,

347.

Munson, ,1. W.. IV., 166.
Munsons, Va., I., 3.50; IV., 78.
Murfreesboro, Tenn. (see also

Stone's Riyer, Tenn,): I., 132.

368; courthouse at, II., 161, 102.

1()6 .^rq., 169; repairing track at.

II. , 175, 178, 272, 328; III., .340;
IV., 34; Confederate army at,
IV., 144, 1.53, 1.56; V., 46, 206,
2.54; VIII., 103; los,ses at, X., 142,

Murray, .\., VI., 310,
Murray, .1. A.. VIII., ,361.
Murray, R., VII., 224.
Muse. 'E. H., VIII., 11.3.
Music (see also Bands, Drummer
Boys, Buglers) as a pastime,

VIII. , 117.

' 'Music in Camp," J. R. Thompson,

IX. , 26, 190, 197.

Musicians serenading a colonel,

VIII. , 339.

Muskets; bayonets of : V., 125; store
of, v., 126; smooth bore, V., 168.
Mussel Shoals, Tenn., VI., 233.
Mussev, R. D , IV., 163.
'My Father, How Long''" IX., 352.
"Mv Maryland," .J. R. Randall,

IX. , 19, 20, 1.5.S, 161.

"My Old Kentucky Home, Good

N'ight," IX., 346. ■
Myer, A. .1., VIII., .308, 312, 339,

340, 3.52.
Myers. Major, VII., 90.
IMyrick, H,. I., 18.
M\'rtle Street Prison, .St. I>ouis,

Mo., VII., 44, 46.

N

Nagle, J., X., 393.

Naglee, H. M.: I., 286. 290, 293,
393, 364.

Nahnnt. V. S. S.: II., .332; VI., 128,
171, 173, 274.

Names (local) of military organi-
zations, VIII., 82, 97, 111, 140.

Nanna Hubba Bluff, Ala., VI., 2(30.

Nnnsemond, V. S. S.. III., 342.

Nantucket, U. S. S.: II., 332; VI.,
128.

Napier, "Tom," II., 162.
Napoleon I.. IX., 87.
Napoleons (12 pounder guns), V.,
14, .50.

.Varraqanselt, V. S, S., VI., 48.

Nashyille. Tenn.: I., 1.34. 182, 190,
192, 190. 211, 212, 358; bridge. I.,
30S; wharf at. II., 163; siijiply
steamers at. II., 163, 108. 172,
326; III., 12, 19,216, 218, 23s. 249;
the end of the war in Tennessee,

III. , 249; bridge at. III., 349, 350,
351, 252. 253. 255, 2.57, 2.58; capi-
lol at. III., 3.59, 361; view of.
III., 361; fortifications arou.nd,
constructed b\' I'nion engineers.
III., 361; pla'ri of battle ii>eil as
inod(4 in iMiropeaii niilitar\'
.schools. III., 204, 367, Zdd, 340,

346; nr., 147, 1.55, 161, 241, 256,
328; v., .50; Brcnnon's foimdry
at, v., 65, 161, .-•,51, :;(i2: VIl'.,

145, Kil; pjox I, lull at,

VII., 193; olli< . , Im- |,,(,al at,

VII. , 333; l're..,bvlenao chuich
usid a- hospital at, VII., ■iT.t;

VIII. , 207. 210. 252; arm.\- re-
pair shoj) al , VIII., 10; guarding
supplies .at, VIII., 31: Uiiiteil
Stales • 'I"'r:nikliti Shops, •' at,

VIII. , 41 ; e:,,,,|,aiL'n. VIII., .'MO;

IX. , (It, rrnielrM : , I , IX., 281.

.\„sln,/l,. C. ^. VL, 272, 310,

312, 3 IS.
Nasli\ille and Chattanooga H.ail-

load: II., 168, 273, 274; IV., 2.54;

bl..rklio.ise in. IV., 149; V., 'e95.
Nassau, H. rniuda. VI., 15.
Nast, Thomas, a cartociH b\', VIII.,

3.

Natchez, Miss.: courthouse at, I.,
93, 231; surrender of, I., 231;
VI., 119. 201. 314.

Na(eirii..eli, -. l a,. VI., 227.

National ( •eim-teries: Gett\'sburg,
Pa., IL, 2.59; IX., 381; Alex-
andria, Va., IX., 381; Charles-
ton, S. C, IX., 381; City Point,
\'a., IX., 381: Military Cemetery,
IX., 381: Soldiers' Home, Wash-
ington. D. G.. IX., 381.

National l'neanii)ment, G. A. R., the
lirst eneampment held at In-
<lianapolis, Ind., Nov. 20, 1806,
_X.,294.

Nntiunai IntelHgencer, Washington,

D. C., rpioted from, VII., .52.
N.atioiial Reil Cross: organization

by Clara H.irlon, VII., 339.
Aiiliniiiil Triliiinc, Washington, D.

C, I., 19.
National Unity: Prof. Albert Bush-

iiell Hart, quoted on, IX., 219.
Ntit ionality of recruits in regiments,

VIII., 80.

Xauqatuck, V. S, .S., I., 364.

Naval ,\cademv, U. S., Class of '66,
VI., 65. 67.

Navy, Confederate States: I., 85;
importance of r.jtton to, VI.,
28; paueit\- >>l na\ \- .\ards. VI.,
71; achieveiiiints of, VI., 72;
problem confronting, VI., 71;
increase of the service in,
VI., 78; officers from Federal
service, VI., 78; activity of,
VI., 80; vessels in, at close of
1861, VI., 82; efforts to build
ves.sels abroail b\-. VI., 86;
bureaus of, VI., SS; recruiting of,
VI., 88; pay of nfTirers in, VI., 90;
cstalilishes na\ al school, VI., 90;
blockade runners, VI., 124;
design of first ironclad, VI., 153;
command of cruisers, VI., 290
seq.: efforts to secure vessels
ahroad.VI., 290,291,292,294,296.

Navy, rriiled States: I., 85; vessels,
type <;{. in war of 1812, VI., 4;
war drill in, VI., 13; importance
of, VI., IS; men of the old, VI.,
19; .joint expeditions of, with
army, VI., 23,; jiroblcni confront-
ing, in 1801. VI., 27: .iflir ers con-
gratulating Gtr;ilit .at \ leksbiug,
VI., :i7; inrrr'ase during Civil
War, VI., .•js, ,5(1; notable battles
of, VI., 3N: (|iialit\- of volunteer
cfpcers of, VI., :fs. 00. O.':!, 257;
men of the old, VI., 42, 43;
veteran vessels of, VI., 44, 45;
imjiorfance ai n'Crch.anl marine
to. VI., Id: available strength of,
in 1,m;1 . VI,, IS; sallmt; \ es.scls of,
V I., I!t; f esiL'iiatioli ol olkcers of,
before Ik s 1 1 li t ies, VI., 50, 78; cffi-
ccrs recruited from Annapolis.
Wd.. VI., .50. 07; steam frigates
( f, VI., 51; bureaus of Navy De-
partment. VI., 52; work required
of, in 1801, VI., .53; increase of
fighting force by, VI., 54; steam
sloop of war, type of, VI., 55;
number of vessels built for, dur-
ing Civil War, VI,, 00; purchased
vessels added to. in Isoi 2; VI.,
61 ; personnel. <|iialit\ of. VI., (11 ;
increase 'jf number of artisans in.
by ISOL'. VI., 02, 117; pay of
officers and men in. VI., 04, 66;
cost of. iliiiiiig Gi\ il War, VI., 64;
tradiiioiis ill. VI., (15, 280; fir.st
cniplo\s • •iiiiit rabands." VI.,
70; jjromotion among officers

[3d Ed.]

[343]

NAVY

INDEX

NEWSPAPER

Navy, United Statrs — Continued.
after the war. VI., 70; principal
navy yards during war. VI., 70,
72; fir.st work on the Potomac,
VI., 1)4, 9,5, 96, 97, 9.S, 99; icplaees
buiiya and lights, VI., 9.5; first
expedition of, in Civil War, VI.,
100; joint expeditions of, with
army, VI., 100; increase of, by
December, 18G1, VI., 116; princi-
pal guns during war, VI., 117;
number of officers of, at close of
■war, VI., 118; in Eastern waters,
VI., 126, 127; the most famous
naval action of the Civil War,
VI., 1.54 seq.; on inland waters,
VI., 212 seq.\ establishment of
navy yards on iM issi.ssipp' Uiver,
VI., 2\:\\ joint expedition of, with
arm\-, VI., 214, 236-256; in final
operations, VI., 2.57, 258-260;
ves.sels purchased by, in 1861,

VI. , 2t)2; achieves first victory in
war, VI., 268, 269; nondescript
coniniands in, VI., 269, 270-276;
lii«h pay in, VI., 278; number of
■'landsmen" in, VI., 280; petty
officers of, VI., 282; surgeons,

VII. , 1517 xni.; the South's con-
(lueror, VIII., Vii.

Navy: Russian, aids United States
in Civil War, VI., 27; efficiency
of, VI., 29.

Nebr.aska troops:

Infantry: First, I., 356.

Neely, Mosby Hanger, VI., 166.

Neerwinden, Belgiui"., battle of,

II. , 272.

Nefl', G. W., VII., 47.
Neglev, J. S.: II., 174; staff of, II.,
277.

"Negro Battle Hymn," DC., 352.

"Negro" Spirituals, IX., 3.52.

Negro troops: in the armies of the
North and South, employment
of, II., 155; used to guard Con-
federate prisoners, VII., 63; in
Union Army, decrees of North
and South in regard to, VII.,
110, 117; a voluminous cor-
respondence between a North-
ern and a Southern lawyer (both
armv officers) in regard to, VII.,
116, 117, 118, 174; attitude of
Confederate Government to-
ward, VII., 174; in Union Army,
VII., 191.

Negroes: problem of the, II., 30, 31;
flocking of, tow,ard the Union
army on its march to the sea,

III. , 223; labor on Confederate
earthworks, V., 264; refugees at
Richmond, Va., V., 319; enlist-
ment of, VII., 145.

"Nellie Grav," horse of Fitzhugh
Lee, IV., 318.

Nelson. W.: I., 204, 205 seq., 207,
208, 360: X., 207.

Nelson. C. S. S.. IV., 264.

Nelson Church Hospital, York-
town, Va., VII., 259.

Nelson Farm, Va., I., 336, 366.

Nemeha, U. S. S., IX., 169.

Neosho, Mo., I., 362.

Nenxhn. V. S, S.. VI., 147, 228.

Nephni. . C. S. S.: II., 330; VI., 316.

Nerr,is. r. S. S., III., 342.

Ncus.- River, N. C., VI., 320.

Neutrality laws: prochiiiiicil by
forriKii powers, VI., 2'.i2; broken
by Com. Collins, VI., 2'.i:t, 294;
observed by Capt. Winslow,
VI., .305.

Nevius. H. M., X., 296.

New Brriie. N. C.: I., .3.58; II., 348;
\Criiiciiit Ninth liifantrv hospital
at, VII., 231; hospital at. VII.,
333; federal barracks, IX., .55,
69; fortifications near, IX.,
71.

New Bridge, Va.: I., 281, 285, 364;
v., 320.

New Creek, W. Va.: IV., 108; raid
at, a Confederate success, IV.,
110, 112.

New Kngland: number of troops
furnished In-, VIII., 58; troops
altiickcl ill Maryland, VIII., 74.

New Kiii/land Socictv of New York,
IX., 31, 32, 304.

"New l^iiKland Tribute to Lee,"
Charles V. Adams, DC., 122.

New Farmington. Tenn., II., 344.

New Hallowell hospital at Alex-
andria, Va., VII,, 235.

[2d Ed.]

New Hampshire troops:

Infantry: ."^econd, I., 348;
Third, I., 366: II., ,326; company
F., II., .129: v., 117: IX., 35.3;
Fourth, II., .326; Fifth, L, 279;
VIIL, 102; losses, X., 1.52; .Sixth,

I. , 362; Seventh, II., 350; Tenth,

II. , 327.

New Hampshire: population of, in
1860, VIII., 58; number of troops
furnished by, VIII., ,59; number of
troops lost, VIII., 59; enlistment,
VIII., 102.

New Haven, Conn., VIII., 62.

New Hope, Va., II., 346.

New Hope Church, Ga.: "Hell
Hole," III., 62, 68, 113, 116; V.,
201, 208.

New Iromifles, U. S. S.: II., 332;

III. , 340; v., 267; VI., 128, 137,
138, 139, 274, 320.

New Jersey: contribution to the

Civil War forces, VIII., 85.
New Jersey troops:

Cavalry: First, I., 366; IV., 57,

226, 228.

Infantry: First, II., 322, 336;

Second, II., 322; III., 324, 342;

Third, II., 322; Fourth, II., 322;

on the Potomac, VIII., 85; officers

of, VIII., 85; Fifth, II., 344;

Sixth, II.. 344; Seventh, II., 344;

Eighth, II., 344; Ninth, I., 3,56,

358; Fifteenth, losses, X., 154;

Twent\-tliird, X., 138; Twenty-
sixth, II., 336.
New Kent, Va., IV., 85.
New Kent Court House, Va. : St.

Peter's church, near. I., 297.
New Lisbon. Ohio: II., 340; IV., 175.
New London. U. S. S.. VI., 312.
New Madrid, Mo.: I., 215, 216, 217,

220, 236, 358; IL, 14; VL, 312.
New Market, Md., IV., 1.54.
New Market, Va.: III., 25, 140,

1.58, 320, 326; VII., 147.
New Market Road, Va.: I., 366;

IV. , 242.
New Mexico troops:

Cavalry: First, I., 3,58.

Infantry: First, I., 358; .Second,
I., 3,58; Fifth, I., 358.
New Orleans, La., I., 215, 219, 226
seq.. 229, 230, 231, 234, 249, 250,
362; II., 135, 136, ISs .so/., 198,
331; III., 319; V., 166; VL, 17,
24, 34, 40, 85, 120, 1,84, 1.86. 1!I0,
196, 201, 204, 222, 258, 3()S. 314,
322; Union prisoners at, VII., 49,
110, 240; batteries from, VIIL,
150; St. Charles Hotel at, VIIL,
211, 248, 288; New Orleans Delta
quoted, IX., 19; capture of, IX.,
105; Delta quoted, regarding the
origin of "My Maryland," IX.,
158.

"New Orleans Perote Guards," of
New Orleans. La., V., 165.

New Orleans Picayune, IX., 344.

"New Orleans Washington Artil-
lery" of New Orleans, La., I., 95,
199; IL, 165; V., 58, 63; VIIL,
119, 125, 127, 150.

"New South," oration by H. W.
Grady, IX., 31, 304.

New York, N. Y.: I., 88; draft riots
in, rV., 218; VL, ,56, 312; sani-
tary fi\ir at, VII., ,329; Women's
Central Belief Association, VII.,
334: newsptipers, VIIL, .33; uni-
form of troops, VIIL, 78, 288;
Confederate agents attempt
burning of, VIIL, 302; mass
meeting, X., 14; recruiting stati()n
in, X., 15; Broadway in 1861, the
Astor Hou.se, X., 15; defenses of,
X., 56.

New York troops:

Artillery, Heavy: Second, at
Belle Plain, Va., V., 53; at Fort
C. F. Smith, v., 107, 125;
Fourth, v., 97; Fifth, V., 26 seq.,
28 seq.: Eighth. X., 1.54; Thir-
teenth, III., 95; Fourteenth,
VIIL, .331.

.irtillrn/. Light: First, Companv
B, gunsof Pettit'sbatterv, I., 280;
officers of, L, 295; 20 pound Par-
rott guns of, I., 295; IL, 265; V.,
29, 31, 49; Third, I., 360; IL, .348;
Battery F, III., 340; after at-
tempt on Fort .Sumter. V., 151;
Sixth, II., 332, 336; Ninth, I.,
3.52; Thirteenth at Petersburg.
Va., VIIL, 243; at City Point,

[Ui]

Va., VIIL, 243; Seventeenth, V.,
45, 83.

Engineers: First, I., 366; IL,
326; Fifteenth, V., 213, 233;
Fiftieth, V., 213, 220, 247; VIL,
265; VIIL, 101; church built bv,
at Petersburg, VIIL, 257

Carolry: First, L,3.54: IL, 336;

III. , 328: Dragoons, IV., 244;
.Second, IL, 111, 3.J6, 352;
changed to New York Seventh,

IV. , 15, 285; VIIL, 193, 196;
Third, L, 366; IL,322; IIL,318;
Fourth. IL, 332; Fifth. I., ;^64;
IL, 334; IV., 232; Sixth, IL,
334, 336; IV., 118; Seventh, IV.,
14, 15. Eighth. IL, 324, 336; IV.,
84, ll.s; Ninth, IL, 3.36; IV., 118;
Tenth. IL, 336; IV., 21, 26, ,57;
Eleventh, IL, 344, Twelfth, II.,
348: Thirteenth, IV., 27, 31 seq.,
61 s-q., 173 seq., 181, 218, 219;
Fourteenth, IL, 3.50; Sixteenth,
detachment of Companv L, cap-
tures J. W. Booth, VIL, 205;
Eighteenth, IL, 352; Twentieth,
IL, 348.

Infantri/: First. I., 348; Sec-
ond, L, 3 IS; VIL, 169; Third, I.,
348; VIL, 103; VIIL, 229;
Fourth, VIL, 1()9; at battle of
Bull Run, VIIL, 85; Fifth, Dur-
vee's Zouaves, I., 51, 34S; IV.,
104; Sixth, I., 352; Companv G,
L, 3.54; Company I, I., 3,54;
Seventh, I., 348, 358; reaches
Annapolis Junction, VIII., 67;
mustered out, VIIL, 67; march-
ing down Brf>aflwa>', VIII., 67;
after reaching Washington, D. C,
VIIL, 67; first New York militia
to reach Wasliington, D. C,
VIIL, 67, 72, 74; repairing the
railways, VIIL, 74; invades Xit-
trinia, VIIL, 76; crossed the
Potomac, VIIL, 76. 82; IX., 159;
Eighth, L, 348, 366; V., 4, 293;
\\aiting orders from Washington,
VIIL, 72, 78, 87; at Arlington
Heights, Va., VIIL, 87, 91, 93,
95; drummer bovs of, VIIL, 179;
officers of, VIIL, 181; Ninth,
Company L L, 348, 3.50, 356,
362; VL, 310; VIIL, 229; X., 124;
Tenth, IL, 342; VIL, 169;
Eleventh, L, 346, 348, 358;
Twelfth, L, 44 , 348, 364; II.,
324; at Camp Anderson, VIIL,
89; Thirteenth, I., 348, 364;
Fourteenth, I., 348, 364; VIIL,
72, 78; Fifteenth, IL, 336;
.Sixteenth, L, 348, 362; IL, 330;
Seventeenth, I., 364; VIIL, 99;
at Miners' Jlill, Washington,
D. C, VIIL, 99; a dress parade,
VIIL, 99; IX., 157; Eighteenth,
I., 348; Nineteenth, I., 350;
Twentieth, I., 3.50; Twentv-
second, marching, VIIL, 203;
IX., 345; Twentv-fifth, I., 364;
Twentv-sixth, L, 168; Twenty-
seventh, I., 348, 362; Twenty-
eighth, I., 350; IL, 25; Twenty-
ninth, L, 348; Thirty-first, L,
348, 362; Thirtv-.second, L, .348,
362; Thirtv-third, L, 364; Thirtv-
fourth, L, 296; Thirty-fifth, L,
348, IL, 61; Thirtv-seventh, L,
3.54; IX., 59; Thirt\ -eight li, I.,
348; VIIL, S2. 97; tliirtx-iuiilli,
I., 348. 3(i6; II. , 324; Fortieth. I.,
352; IL, 346: VIIL, 104; Fortv-
first. L, 366; Company C. IL, 4i9:
Forty-fourth, L, 364; IL, 253,
255; VIIL, S2, 2,58; lo.sses of,
VIIL, 2,59: IX., 147; F.,rt\-fifth,
I., 3.54, 366; Forty-sixth, L, :i60,
366; Fortv-severith, I., 366; IL,
350; Forty-eighth, L, 360; IL,
326, 350; Forty-ninth, I., 3()4;
Fiftieth, IL, .■«6; Fifty-first. L,
356, 3.58; Fifty-third, L, 356;
Fifty-fourth. L, 366; Fift\-fifth.
officers of, I., 69; officers of.
VIIL, 97; rovallv welcomed in
Washington, D. C., VIIL, 97;
Fifty-sixth, I., 290; IIL, 340;
Fift\'-seventh, ambulance corps
of, VIL, 298, 299; Fifty-eighth, L,
366; Sixtieth, VIL, 1N1; Sixty-
first, IL, 69; IIL, 201; VIIL, 194,
191); Sixtv-third, IL, 93; Sixtv-
fourth, I.,' 279; Sixt\ -seventh,
VIIL, S2; Sixt.\ -eight h, VIIL, 87;
■•^ixty-ninth, I., 34.S; IL, 93; "the

fighting Sixty-ninth," VII., 25,
27; organizing, VIIL, 72; at mass,
VIIL, 257; lo.sses, X., 154;
Seventy-first, I., 44, 348; offi-
cers of, VIIL, 69; mustered out,
VIIL, 69; organization of, as
' 'Second Excelsior," VIIL, 69; at
Camp Douglas, VIIL, 69; losses
during the war, VIIL, 69; to the
front, VIIL, 72; formerly the
■ 'American Guard." VIIL, 72, 78;
uniforms of, VIIL, 78; Seventy-
second, surgeon of, VIL, 265;
Seventy-fourth, IX., 78; .Seventy-
fifth, IL, 330; Seventv-.seventh,
I., 364; Seventy-ninth, I., 348,
3,50, 366; "Highlanders," IL, 73;
VIL, 4, 27; VIIL, 72; organizing,
VIIL, 72; Eightieth, VIIL, 265;
Eighty-second, I., 296; Eighty-
fifth, IL, 352; Eighty-sixth, li.,
336; DC, 350; Eight v-eighth. IL,
93; F:ighty-ninth, 1., 350, 362:
Ninetv-third, I., 50; just before
Antietam, Md., L, 61; IIL, 71;
officers' out-door mess, VIIL,
201; X., 124; Ninety-ninth, IL,
348; One Hundredth, I., 290; One
Hundred and First, losses, X.,
1.52; One Hundred and Second,
VIL, 181, 263, 289; One Hundred
and Sixth, IL, 336; One Hundred
and Ninth, VIL, 65; One Hun-
dred and Eleventh, IL, 324; X.,
124; One Hundred and Four-
teenth, IL, 336; IIL, 1.54; One
Hundred and Fifteenth. IL, 324,
350; One Hundred and Twenti-
eth, VIIL, 264 ; One Hundred and
Twenty-first, IL, 346; X., 128;
lo.s.ses. X., 1,54; One Hundred and
Twentv-fourth, IL, 336; One
Hundred and Twenty-fifth, IL,
324; One Hundred and Twentv-
sixth, IL, 324; losses, X., 124, 154;
One Hundred and Twenty-
seventh, IIL, 340; One Hundred
and Thirty-second, II. , 348; One
Hundred and Thirtv-seventh,
VIL, 181; One Hundred and
Fortieth, II. , 2.53; One Hundred
and Forty-first, IX., 195; One
Hundred and Forty-fourth, IIL,
340; One Hundred and Fortv-
.sixth, VIIL, 99; IX., 157; One
Hunflred and Fiftj-first, IL, 344;
f)ne Hundred and Fifty-fifth,
IIL, 340; lo.s.ses, X., 1.54; One
Hundred and Fifty-seventh, III.,
340; One Hundred and Sixtieth,
IL, 332; One Hundred and Sixty-
fourth, at guard mount, VIIL,
183; band of, VIIL, 233; One
Hundred and Seventieth, IX.,
153; X., 288; One Hundred
and .Seventy-sixth, I., 60; IL, 336.

Zouaves: New York Fire De-
partment presents photographer
Brady with a sword, I., 31;
VIIL, 80; IX., ,346; Eleventh, as
prisoners in Castle Pinckney,
S. C, L, 165; VIL, 27.

NewYork, U S. S. : VL, 54 ; VIL, 107.

New York Day Book, method of
securing war news, VIIL, 288.

New York Express, method of se-
curing war news, VIIL, 288.

New York Herald: wagon of, in front
of Gen'l John Pope's headquar-
ters, II. , 14; headquarters of,
VIIL, 28, 29; headquarters in the
field, VIIL, 293; IX., 31; quoted,
IX., 68.

New York News: method of securing

war news, VIIL, 288.
New York Peace Society, I., 18.
A'cu' York Sun, quoted, IX., 159.
New York Tribune: editorial on

secession, VIIL, 66; IX., 270, 297.
Newark Advcrti.ier, Newark, N. J,,

IX., 37.

Newcomer Mill. Md., LV., 231.
Newell, Mosb\- Ranger, IV., 166.
Newman, J.. VIL, .'«1.
Newport, H. I.: L, 88; VL, 67;

Rhode Island recruited, VIIL, 60.
Newport Barracks, N. C: IL, 348;

IX., 1.57.

Newport News, Va.: I., 348; VL,
156. :il4.

Newsom. Mrs. E., VIL, 296.

Newspaper correspondents: VIIL,
29; General Sherman's criticism
of, VIIL, 29; reveal army move-
ments, VIIL, 285.

NEWSPAPERS

INDEX

OUDENARDE

Newspapers: the aeti\"ilies of, VIII.,
22; at lieiuliiUiirliTs in tlic ariii.\
(,f I'.itdiiKir, VIII., :K; a, ■.■..mils
of novcniiiicail wa/.un-s, VIII., lili;
cen.sor.ship of, VIII., L'70; .Noilli-
erii, give mformatioii to the Con-
federates, VIII., -iSS, 288, 392;
field headquarters of the New
York Iln-nht. VIII., 393.

Newton, .1.: II., IL'T; III., IL'O, 125;
v., Ui; X., 85, 179, l.ss.

Newtonia, Mo.: II., :i21; III., 338.

Newtown, \ a., I., 3111; III., 33S.

Niayara, V. S. S.: V., .".7; VI., 48,
■50, IKi, 122, 395, 21IS; VIII., 1.57.

Niagara Falls, N. Y., VIII., 282.

Niehols, K. T., VI., 11)0, 201.

Niehols, F. T., X., 111.

Niehols, .1. 11., VIII., :t«3.

Niehols, W. .v., X., SOS.

Niehols, telegraph operator, VIII.,
356.

Nieholson. .1. N.. I., 14.
Nicholson, VI., 121.
Niekerson, F., X., 311.
Niuhtiinialr, ('. S. S., VI., 49.
Nine Mile Road, Va., I., 288.
Nolensville, Tenn., IV., 147.
Nolin, Ky.. IV., 148.
Non-eonibatants: their services,

VIII. , 43

Norfolk, Va.: I., 142, 302, 3G4;
navy yard at, V., 159, 1 / 7, 25s,
300, 308; VI., 20. Mli; (lnsp,>rt
navy yard, VI., 54, 308; ii.ivy
yard at, ruins of, VI., 73: ruins <.f
machine shop at, VI., 75, S2. 98,
102, 118; ve.ssel8 built at, VI.,
136, 15j, 158, 182; IX., 105.

N^rris, J. B., VIII., 363.

Norris, W., VIII., 340.

Nurlh America, U. S. S., VI., 322.

North American Review. IX., 23.

North Anna, Va.: f 'licstcrlield
Bridge at. III., 71, 74, 77. 78, 79,
82; Hancock's corps crosses
bridge at, III., 83; V., 21; VIII..
250.

North Anna River, Va.: I., 43, 135;
III., 322; ruins of bridge, IV.,
135; v., 220, 331, 333, 335,
200; VII., 41; VIII., 198; soldiers
bathing in, VIII., 309.

North .\tlantic Squadron, U. S
Navy, III., 340; VI., 195.

North Carolina: secedes, I., 346;
Stringham's fleet in the waters
of, IV., 104: enlistment on both
.sides in, VIII., 103; the Depart-
ment of, under General Burnside,

IX. , 09.

North Carolina troops. Confederate:
Artillery: Brem's, I., 350;
Latham's, I., 350; Whitehurst's,
I., 356.

Infantry: First, I., 348; VIII.,
103; Second, I., 356; X., 156;
losses at Gettysburg, Pa., X., 1,58;
Third, losses at Gettysburg, Pa.,

X. , 158; Fourth, losses at Seven
Pines, Va., X., 1.58; Fifth, I., 272,
348, 3,50; II., 67; Sixth, I., 3.50;
Seventh, I., 356, 358; losses at
Seven Days, Va., X., 158; Eighth,
I., 350; Eleventh, I., 348, 350;
Seventeenth, I., 350; Eighteenth,

IX. , 89; losses at Seven Days, Va.,

X. , 158; Nineteenth, I., 350;
Twentieth, X., 150; Twenty-
sixth, I., 350, 358; II., 350;
losses at Gettysburg, Pa., X., 1.58;
Twenty-seventh, I., 356; II., .59;
losses at Antietam, Md., X., 1.58;
Twenty-eighth, I., 356; Thirty-
first, I., 3.56; Thirty-third, I., 356,
358; losses at ChanceUorsville,
Va., X., 158; Thirty-fifth, I., 350,
358; Thirty-sixth, VI., 240;
Thirty-seventh, I., 356; Forty-
sixth, I., 356; Forty-eighth, X.,
156; Fifty-seventh, X., 156;
Fifty-ninth, I., 356; Sixty-sev-
enth, VII., 249.

North Carolina troops. Union:

Infantry: First, II., 322; col-
ored, II., 350; Second, II., 348.

North Carolina, U. S. S., VI., 103.

Northern Virginia, Army of (see also
Army of Northern Virginia), I.,
34, 82, 96. 284 seq., 298, 312.

Northrop, L. B., VII., 178.

Norton, C. B., I., 39.

Nugent, R., X., 335.

Nurses of the United States Sani-
tary Commission, VII., 339.

Ny River, Va., V., 260.
N'yack, U. S. S., III.. 342.

o

"O Wrap the Flag Around Me,

Boys," R. S. Taylor, IX., 350.
(). A. I\. the Corps de Belgi(|ue,

VII. , 201.

•■(). K. 'i'. S. S., VI., 123.

Oak Grove, Va. (see also Second

Battle of Fair Oaks, Va.) : I., 320,

360.

Oak Hill, Mo. (.see also Spriugfielil,
and Wilson's Creek, .\lo.).

I. , 3.-.O.

t)'lieinir, .1. K., X., 3-J5.

O'Hiiiii, 1{., lil,'L'ia|ih operator,

VIII. , -MV.',. .iC.ii.

'■() Captain, M\ Captain," Walt

U lniiii.in, IX., 2(;. 251.

Oc( uan Hiv.T, \ a., I., 35).

"Ocean lui. r 1 1 arispoi l ." VIII., 45.
Oceati I'on.l, ri i.. VIII., 103.
Orniiil,,,; , [ . S. .sJ., VI., 316.
O'Connor. .1.. IX., 74.
()'( 'oiiiior House, Charleston, S. C,

VII., Kil, 1G3.
Ocracoke Inlet, N. C, VI., 104.
Octorora, U. S. S., VI., 247.
"Ode," recited at the Harvard

Coniinenioralion, .1. K. Lowell,

IX. , 250, 2i;i, 203. 21)0.

"Ode for l)ecor;iiion IJav," H.
Peterson, IX., 2.S2.

"Ode at .Mat'iiolia Cemetery," 11.
Timrod, IX., 27-1. 277.

Officers Hospital, Nashville, Tenn.,
VII., 333.

Official secrets as revealed by
photographs. III., 145.

Ogeeehee River, Ga.: III., 2.34;
VI., 121, 318.

Ofrlesby, R. ,J., II., 324; X., 301.

O-lethorpe, J. E., II., 347.

Oglethorpe University, Ga., IX., 25.

Ohio: Department of, II., 296;
troops of, on battlefield at
Corinth, Miss., II., 153; Mor-
gan's raid in, VIII., 1<S; excess
quota asked for, VIII., 74; re-
sponse to first call by, VIII., 74;
troops furnished by, VIII., 249.

Ohio troops:

Artillery: Finst, I., 300, 300;
Second, I., 3.58; Seventh, III.,
318; Eleventh, V., 47; Eigh-
teenth, IL, 330; Twentv-first,

II. , 348; Twenty-second, IL, 348.
Artillery, Liijhl: First, at Chat-
tanooga, Tenn., VIII., 349.

Cavaln/: First, I., 358, 300;
IIL, 322; Second, IL, 330; Third,
IL, 326, 332, 344; IIL, 322;
Fourth, L, 3.58; IL, 320, 330, .332,
344, 348; IIL, 322; IV., 100;
Fifth, IL, 328; Sixth, IL, 33();
IIL, 340; rV., 57, 88; Seventh,
IL, 328, 332, 336, 346; Eighth,
IIL, 338, 342; Thirty-fourth,
IL, 342; IIL, 342.

Infantry: First, L, 348; VIIL,
194; Second, L, 348, 354; Third,
L, 348, 352; IL, 334; Fourth, L,
3.52, 354, 3.56, 364; Fifth, L, 356,
360, 360; IL, 328; Sixth, L, 352;
IL, 3.32; VIL, 109; VIIL, 82;
Seventh, L, 356, 360, 300; IL,
328; Eighth, L, 352, 3,54 , 350,
300, 304; IIL, 328; Ninth, L,
350, 356; IIL, 326; VIIL, 196;
Tenth, L, 350; Eleventh, IL,
322; Twelfth, L, 3.50; IL, 322;
IIL, 320, 332; Thirteenth, L,
350; Fourteenth, I., 348; Six-
teenth, I., 348; Eighteenth, IL,
322; Nineteenth, I., 348; Twenti-
eth, IL, 322; Twenty-third,
Company C, L, 362; IIL, 320;
Twenty-fourth, I., 352; Twenty-
fifth, L, 3.52, 354, 362, 300; IIL,
340; Twenty-sixth, IIL, 105;
Twenty-seventh, I., 358; IL,
328; Twenty-eighth, L, 350; IL,
340; Twenty-ninth, L, 300, 3(56;
Thirty-first, L, 308; Thirty-
second, L, 352, 354 , 362, 366;
IL, 324; Thirty-third, L, 354;
Thirty-fourth, L, 352; IL, 322;
IIL, 320; Thirty-sixth, L, 364;
IIL, 320; Thirty-seventh. IL,
322; Thirty-ninth, L, 358; IL,
328; Fortieth, L, 358; IL, 332;
Forty-second, I., 358, 363;

Forty-third, I., 3.58; Fort.v-fourth,

I. , 364; mounte<l infantry, IL,
.■i32; Forty-fifth, mounted in-
fantry, II., 332, 330, .'344;
l''ort\ -seventh, I., 350; Fort.\-
ninth, losses, X., 15!; Fifty-first,
IL, .•(2(i; I'lltv-.secorid, VIIL, 190;
l'ilt\ -litth, i., 300; l'ift\-sixth,
III., .{IN; l'ift\-iaj;htii, t., 350;
VI., :ilO; SiMieth, I., 300; IL,
321; Si\t\ -si-cond, I., 3(iO; Si\t\ -
third, I., 358; IL, 328; Sixtv-
.sixth, I., 366; IL, 328; Sixty-
seventh, L, 360; Sixty-ninth,

II. , 320; .^eveiitv-first, IL,
322; Sr-v( ril\-s,'(ond, IIL, 270,
324; Si'venl.\-tlniil, I., 3t)0;
Sevcnl \ -tillli, mounted infan-
l.ry. I., .302, 3()6; III., 328;
Sevent\ -Sixth, L, .3.50; VL, 316;
Sevent\-se\('iitli, IL, 352;
Seventy-eiKhtli, IL, 322; l-aj/htx-
first, li., 1.53; iMuhly-secoiid, L,
302, :;oii; Ij-hiv-s.'venth, IL,
32 1; .\u„-ti-lhlh, IL, 322; IIL,
270, :i21; One Hundred and
Second, IIL, 332, 338; One Ilun-
dn^d and Fifth, IL,3.32; One llun-
dre<l and Sixth, IL, 320; One Hun-
dred and Eighth, II., 320; (Jne
Hundred and Tenth. II. , 330; One
Hundred a,nd Eleventh, IL, 340;
One Hundred and Sixteenth, II. ,
330; One Hundred and Twenty-
.second, II., 336; One Hundred and
Twenty-third, II., 336; Otie Hun-
dred and Twenty-fourth, II. , 330;
One Hundred and Twenty-fifth,
IIL, 103, 117, 365; One Hundred
and Twenty-sixth, IL, 336; One
Hundred and Forty-fourth, IIL,
328; One Hundred and Fort\--
ninth, IIL, 328; One Hundred
and Sixty-eighth, III., 324; One
Hunch'ed and Seventy-first, IIL,
324.

Ohio River, supplies en route on,

VIIL, 34, 206.
Okolona, Ark., IL, 352.
Okolona, Miss.: IL, .341, 350; IV.,

1.32.

Oladowski, H., V., 170.

O'Laughlin, M., VIL, 205.

Old Armory of the Seventh Regi-
ment, at Third Avenue, N. Y..
crowds at, VIIL, 67.

"Old Capitol Prison," Wasliington,
D. C: VIL, 31, 38, 40, 54 seq., 67,
200; VIIL, 24, 282, 389.

Old Church, Va.: IIL, 322; IV., 85.

Old Church Hotel, Cold Harbor,
Va. IV. 245 346.

Old Cold Harbor, Va., IV., 245.

"Old Folks at Home," S. C. Fo.ster,
IX., 340.

' 'Old Ironsides," O. W. Holmes,
IX. 33

Old Point Comfort, Va., I., 260.

Old River Lake, or Lake Chicot,
Ark., IIL, 322.

"Old Sorrel," horse of T. J. Jack-
son, IV., 393, 300.

Old Town Creek, Miss., IIL, 307.

Olds, E. B., VIL, 200.

O'Leary, C, quoted, VIL, 308.

Olin, Judge, IX., 365, 366.

Oliver, J. M., X., 315.

Olmstead, C. H., heavy artillery
commanded by, I., 300.

Olmstead, G., L, 179.

Olmsted, F. I,., VIL, 330.

Olmstee, Fla.: IL, 3.50; VIIL, 103.

OIncy, H. B., VIIL, 167.

Olusiie, C. S. S., VL, 298.

"On a Great Warrior," H. Abbey,
IX., 108.

"On the Life Mask of .\braham
Lincoln," R, W. Gilder, IX., 250,
seq.

"On to Richmond," IX., 133.

' 'On to the Defense of Washing-
ton," v., 92.

"On to Washington." V., 92.

"One Country," F. L. Stanton.
IX., 332.

"One I Left There," IX., 349.

O'Neal, E. A., X., 11.3.

"Oneida Company," cavalry, IV.,
195.

Oneida, U. S. S., I., 250; VL, 190,
198, 2.54.

Onondaga. U. S. S.: VL, 131. 133,

1.33, 175, 361, 265; VIL, 111.
Oostenaula River, Ga., IIL, 112.
Opdycke, E.: IIL, 262; X., 135, 335.

Opequon, Va.: III., 1.59; IV., 2.50;
Sixth \ erMionl at, VIIL, 05.

Opequon Creek, \':,.. IV., L' I I, _'(.:■,.

(Ir.ant-.' aji.l A I. ■ lid J li, 1 !,-, 1 1 n i:„ I ,
.Manassas .Slalloli, \;,.: I., Kil
se,i.; II., ;iS 39, II, nil. IV.,

90, 91 ; (leslriii-lion cl, ;,i liii-lol
Station, \a,, IV., !»!»; IV., IS4,
209; v., 32- 34 .s.v/.; ,u:u \,\u,- -.hops
and yards of, V., 91 ; d. I. n-r of
the, v., 337, 371. 275; ,■, l,ii,l^„ on
hne of, v., 379; del.n lion, .la. k-
son'.s raid, V., 'IKi; trnaiilint' of,
at Union .Mills, \ a., V., •i83;
VIIL, 51, 201.

Oiant'.' < ',,„,i ll.ai.se, Va.: IIL, ,30;
IV., 10 1 ; v., 2i;0.

Orange I'hink Uii.id, Wilderne.ss,
\ a.: IIL, 10. 1 1 , X lew taken 1804,
VIIL, 177, 178.

Orations, IX., 112, 122, 290, 304.

Orchard Knob, Tenn.: II., 300, 302,
318, 340.

< ircliards. The, Va. (see also Oak

Grove, Va.), I., 306.
Onl, v.. O. C: IL, 160, 324, .'527;

IIL, 20.S, 2:11. 321; V., 268; with

fainil.\-, X., 19:{, 232.
Order of .\nieriean Knights, VIL,

204.

Ordinance of secession adopted b.y
South Carolina, I., 340; V., 250.

Ordnance, Confederate: V., 150;
supplies at beginning of war, V.,
156 seq.: sources of supply, V.,
158; manufacture of, V., 102;
transportation of, V., 104; small
arms, 1801, V., 165; improve-
ment in, v., 168; personnel of, V.,
170; equipment captured by Con-
federates, VIIL, 128, 148; naval.
Dahlgren gun, perfecting of, VI. ,
23; capture of, b.y Confederates,
VL, 26, .57, 73; manufacture of,
at the North, VL, 60; vessels
carry fewer guns, VI., 63; pro-
cured by Confederacy abroad,
VL, 80; Parrott rifle (200
pounder), VL, 103, 259; used on
land, VI., 335, 337, 2.58, 265; on
light-draft gunboats, VL, 263;
Parrott rifle (100 pounder), VL,
275.

Ordnance, LTnited States: material
of, v., 22 seq.; stores, V., 120;
distribution of, V., 126; supplies,
v., 128; purchased abroad, V.,
128; efforts of States to increase,
v., 128; diversity of, V., 135;
Washington Arsenal, Wa.shing-
ton, D. C, Wiard Gun batteries
at, v., 135; expenditures for,
v., 140; outpost, v., 143; at
Broadway Landing, V., 143;
efficiency of officers, V., 144; ex-
penditures, v., 146; at close of
war, V,, 148; activities after close
of war, v., 154 seq.

Ordway, A., X., 313.

Ordwa.y-Rand, collectors of photo-
graphs, I., 52.

"O'Reilly, Mile.s," pen name of
C. G. Halpine, IX., 176.

Oreto, C. S. S., afterwards the
Florida, VL, 291, 292.

Organization and personnel of the
Medical Department of the Con-
federacy, VIL, 349 seq.. Appen-
dix D.

Organizations of the Veterans, X.,
287 seq.

"Orleans Battery," New Y''ork
Seventeenth Artillery, V., 45.

Orleans Cadets, Company A, of
Louisiana, I., 91.

O'Rorke, P. H.: IL, 253, 2.54; VIIL,
190.

Osage. U. S. S.: IL, 352; VL, 147,

276, 322.
Osborn, F. S., V., 117.
Osceola. U. S. S., IIL, 342.
Osgood, K. P., IX., 236, 239.
Oxlinha (Russian frigate), VL, 27, 29.
Ossabaw Sound, Ga.: VL, 241, 320;

IX., 169.

Ossipee, U. S. S., VL, 247, 252, 2.54.
Osterhaus, P. J.: IL, 318, 334; X.,

191, 220, 222.
Otis, F. N., VIL, 224.
Otis, H. G., X., 31, 24.
Otsego, U. S. S., VL, 276, 322.
Ottawa, U. S. S.: IL, 330; VL, 312.
Otter (ireek near Liberty, Va., IIL,

.324.

Oudenarde, losses at, X., 140.

13d Ed.]

[345]

OULD

INDEX

PETERSBURG

Uiild, H.: VII., 41; Confederate
iijient. for exchanse of prisoners,
VII., 101 seq., 104, lOS, 110 seq.,
112, KiU, 172.

"Outcasts of Poker Flat," F. B.
Harte, IX., 35.

Outposts: or picket duty in Federal
armies, IV., l.SO, 1S8; in military
operations, importance of, IV.,
18G; an instance of the bravery
of a Union officer on, IV., 190, 1!)2.

Ovens on wheels, VIII., 49.

"Over their Graves," H. .1. Stock-
ard, IX., 276.

Overland Monthbi. IX., .3.").

Overton Hill, Nashville, Tenn.,
III., 270.

Owasco, U. S. S.: II., 330; VI., lltO.

Owens, J. T., X., 391.

Owl, C. S. S., VI., 291.

Oxen Run, Md., V., 9S.

Oxford, Miss.: court house at, II.,
183; Illinois regiment guarding
prisoners, II., 183; courthouse at,
II., 183; III., 330.

Ozark, U. S. S., VI., 141.

P

Paducah, Kv.: I., 177, ISl, 197;
II, 3.50; VI., 310; X., 44.

Paac, 11, IV., 313.

Pa-r, R L.: III., 310; VI., 244, 258;
X. 3*il.

Page, T. j., VI., 295, 299.

Paine, C. .T., X., 313

Paine, H. E.: I., 217; II., 130; VIII.,
297; X., .30.1.

Painter. Serjeant, IV., 'JI5.

Paintsville.Kv.:I.,l.SO,35(l;II.,352.

Palentinc, U. S. S., II., 162, 163.

Paltrev, F. W., X., 23.

Palfrey, .1. C, X., 315.

Palmer, "Ben," IV., 166.

Palmer, D., VIII., 3«3.

Palmer, I. N.: III., :j44; IV., 15.

Palmer, J., X., 296.

Palmer, .J. B., X., 399.

Palmer, .J. M.: II., 174, 324; III.,
105, 110; X., 189, 220, 294.

Palmer, .1. .-!.. VI., 314.

Palmer, .1. W., IX., 24, SO.

Palmer, W. .1., III., 344.

" Palmetto Sharpshooters," losses
at Glendale, Va., X., 1.58.

Palmetto State, C. S. S.: II., 330;
VI., 124, 172, 239, 272, 318.

Palo .\lto. Miss., IV., 132.

Parahco Sound, N. C, VI., 115, 263.

Pamunkev, Va., I., 317.

Pamunkev River, Va.: I., 374; The
White Hou.se on the, I., 375, 282,
324; III., 78; IV., 137, 203; VI.,
59; scout.s of .-\rmy of the Po-
tomac, VIII., 267.

Pancoast, G. I,., VII., 220.

Panther Gao, W. Va., III., 322.

Paris, Count de: I., 11,5, 117; with
Geu'l McClellan, I., 357; II., 82;
IV., 32, 222, 21)7, 272.

Parke, J. G.: at battle of Fort
Macon, N. C, I., 362; command-
ing the Ninth Corps at siege of
Petersburg, Va., III., 282; battle
of April 2d, III., 294; seizes Con-
federate entrenchments, III., 334;
recaptures I'^irt .Stedman, VIII.,
357, 3liS; the Fifth Rhode Island
under, IX., 71; X., 18.5, 208.

Parker, E. S.: I., 81; VII., 2.54; IX.,
113; X., 47, 49.

Parker, J., VII., 318.

Parker, W. H., VI., 90, 156.

Parker, W. V., VI., 175.

Parker'sCross Roads, Tenn., II.,32S.

Parks, U. S. S., VI., 57.

Parrott, E. G., VI., 265, 314.

Parrott, Mosbv Ranger, IV., 166.

Parrott guns: V., 22 seq., 23; 20-
pounder, V., 38, 58.

Parsons, H. C, IV., 230.

Parsons, L. B., X., 317.

Parsons, M. M.: II., 3.52; X., 279.

Parsons' Texas Rangers, Confed-
erate, II., 320.

Parsons' Virginia battery, I., 119.

Partington, Miss Sallie, IX., 346.

"Partisan rangers" of Confeder-
IV., 16.5-180.

Pas.iu..tank River, N. C, VI., 312.

Pa.ssai,; V. .S. S.. I., 34; II., 332;
VI., 128, 130; IX., 336.

Pas-ses, chemically prepared for the
army, VIII., 19.

Pastimes of officers and men, VIII.,
341, 343.

Palapacii. V. S. S.: II., 332; VI., 128,
179, 276, 322; IX., 336.

Patrick, M. R., VIII., 279; X., 49.

Patrick Henry, C. 8. 8.: sunk in
channel of the James River in
Virginia, I., 109; V., 313; VI., 90,
146, 162, 168, 174.

Patriot Publishing Co., Spring-
field, Mass.: I., 8, IS; II., 8.

Patriotism, Spirit of, X., 128.

Patterson, .1. .N., X., 319.

Patterson, R.: I., 140, 140 seq., 150
seq., 1,52.

Patterson Creek, Va., I., 348.

Patterson Creek, W. Va., IV., 108.

Pattersonville, La., II., 332.

Pattern, E. E., X., 2.

Paul, G. R., X., 217.

Paul Jones. U. S. S., VI., 121, 316.

Paulding, L., I., 223.

Pawnee, V. S. S.: I., 348; VI., 33, 48,
91, 93, 94, 96,97, 99, 100,269,308.

Pawtucket, R. I.: First Rhode
Island recruited at, VIII., 60.

Pawtucket. U. S. S., III., 342.

Paxton, E. F.: II., 334; X., 151.

Pa.v, rations, and equipment of
Southern soldier, VIII., 114.

Payne, I,.: VII., 205; VIII., 278.

Payne, Lewis or Powell: hanged for
conspiring to kill President Lin-
coln, VII., 311.

Payne. W. H.: IV., 112; X., 331.

Pea Ridge, Ark. (see alsoSugar Creek,
Ark.) : I., 358,365; losses at,X., 142.

Pcabody, G., X., 4.

Peace Societ.v of New York (see
New York Peace Society), I., 18.

Peach Orchard, Gettysburg, Pa.,
I., 70; v., 40.

Peach Orchard, Va.: I., 332, 366;
losses at, X., 142.

Peach Tree Creek, Ga.: III., 135,
127, 130, 320; V., 50.

Peach Tree .Street, Atlanta, Ga.,
fort at, I., 56.

Pearce, J. S.. VI., 193.

Pearce. N. B., VIIL, 103.

Pease Captain, I., 397.

Peck, J. J.: II., 328. 330; X., 235.

Peck, T. S., X., 2, 25.

Peck, W. R„ X., 273.

Peeble's Farm Signal Tower, Peters-
burg, Va., VIII., 331.

Peerless, U. S. S., VI., 270.

Peet, F. T., X., 2.

Pegram, J.: II., 332; III., 318, 342;
X., 147.

Pegram, .1. C, I., 348.
Pegram, R. B., VI., 89, 310.
Pelet-Narbonne, Lt.-Gen., quoted,
IV., 16.

Pelham, J.: IX., 81, 83; death of,

IX. , 83, 85.

" Pelham," J. R. Randall, IX., 82.
" Pelican Rifles," Baton Rouge, La.,

X. 239.

Pelo"t, J. P., VI., 320.

Pemberton, J. C: I., 124; IL, 1.84,
188, 189; river-battery of, II.,
193, 198, 203, 216, 218, 226. 261,
326, 328, 334; III., 21; IV., 133;
v., 46, 205; X., 249, 272, 274.

Pembina. U. S. S., VL, 312.

Pender, W. D.: II., 334; X., 145, 276,
278.

Pendergast, A., VI., 164, 166, 320.

Pendergast, G. J., VI., 116.

Pendleton, A. S., X., 103.

Pendleton, E., I., 287.

Pendleton, W. N.: L, 3C8; II., 324,
328; v., 59.

Peninsula campaign: I., 115, 2.52,
254 seq.. 285, 297, 299, 307; II.,
20, 27, 40, 66, 284, 285, 287, 310;
IV., 220 seq., 324; V., 26 seq., 27,
28 seq., 32, 198; fortifications,
effectiveness in, V., 202, 306, 312;
VII., 219, 261; VIII., 63, 1,58,
236, 317, 322; IX., 79, 133, 144,
1.57, 313; X., 106,

Pennell, C, VL, 113.

Pennington, A. C. M., I., 387.

Pennington's battery, II., 324.

Pennock, A. M., VL, 213.

Pennsylvania: invasion of, II., 240;
roads in, VIII., 3.:; exceeds quota
asked for, VIII., 74; uniform of
troops, VIII., 78; troops fur-
nished in Civil War, VIIL, 225;
contributi<m of troops, VIIL,
225; monuments to its dead at
Vicksburg, X., 99.

Penns\'lvania troops:

Artillery. Ifearij: Sec(]nd. III.,
336; X., 99; Fifth. IX.. 363, 265.

.irtilleru.Liyltt: First, HattiT\- H,
I., 23, 32, 356, 364; ,McCarth\'s
battery. Company C of, I., 291;

III. , 176, 178; Cooper's battery,
v., 47; Third, II., 348; Battery
E, v.. 35.

Cavalry: First, I., 3.54, 3.56; IL,
336; Second, IV., 57; Third, L,
339; officers of, I., 341; IL, 326,
336;IIL,34();IV.,183,339.s<',.,239;
Fourth, L, .3.31, 341; IL, :W(1; IV.,
57, 339 seq.; Fifth, IIL, 318; IV.,
3.53; Sixth, IL, 3;i6; IV., 25 s.y..
47, 56, 74 seq., 80, 228; Dracoons,

IV. ,244; Seventh, L, 368; IL,:i26;
IV., 47, .57; IX., 61, 63; Eighth,
IL, 118; Ninth, L, 368; IL, 328,
330, 332, 336; Eleventh, IL, 336;
IIL, 318; Thirteenth, IL, 336;
IIL, 332, 340; IV., 57; Four-
teenth, IL, 342, 340; Sixteenth,
IV., 57; Seventeenth, IL, 336;
IV., 118; Eighteenth, IV., 54;
Twenty-first, IV., 57.

Infantry: First, I., 348, 356,
366; Rifles, L, 366; IL, 342; VIL,
169; Second, IL, 336; Third, IL,
,332, .336; VIL, 169; Fourth.
IL, .3.32, 342; VIL, 11)9; Fifth,
IL, 3.36; Sixth, L, 3.56; VIIL, 82;
Seventh, L, 362; Eighth, IL,
324; VIL, 169; losses, X., 1.54;
Ninth, L, 356; Tenth, L, 331,
356; los.ses, X., 154; Eleventh,
L, 348; VIL, 274; lo.s.ses, X., 1.54;
Twelfth, L, 356; IL, 336; Thir-
teenth, IL, 336; lo.sses. X., 1.54;
Fourteenth. IIL, 328; Sixteenth,
IL, 332, 342; VIL, 169; Eigh-
teenth, IV., 232; Nineteenth,
IIL, 324; Twenty-seventh, L,
348, 366; Twenty-eighth, L, 352:
v., 35; VIL, " 181; X., 124;
Twenty-ninth, L, 3(54; VIL, 181;
Thirty-first, camj) of, VIIL, .83;
Forty-fifth, I., 36(;; F()rt\-sixth,
IL, 25; Fort\-seAenth, IL, 326;
Fort.v-eighth, IIL, 195, 200; V.,
246; Forh -ninth, II., .346; losses,
X., 154; Fiftieth, L, 355; Fifty-
first, L, 356, 358, 362; Fiftv-
fifth, IL, 326; Sixty-second, L,
364; Sixty-third, V., 35; IX., 59;
lo.sses, X., 1,54; Sixty-seventh,
IL, 336; Sixtv-ninth, IX., 217;
Seventy-first, L, 352; at Gettys-
burg, IL, 265; Seventy-second at
Getty.sburg, IL, 265; Seventy-
sixth, IL, 326; Seventy-ciglith,
IL, 326; Eighty-first, losses, X.,
152; Eighty-third, I., 3(i4: losses,
X., 154; Eighty-fourth, L, 360,
366; Eighty-seventh, IL, 336;
Ninety-fifth, L, 362; Ninety-
sixth, drilling at Camp North-
umberland, near Washington, D.
C, I., 168, 362; Ninety-seventh,
I., 366; Ninety-ninth, IIL, .332;
VIIL, 319; One Hundredth, L,
364, 366; One Hundred and Third,
IL, 352; One Hundred and
Fourth, L,290; One Hundred and
Fifth, IX., 59; One Hundred and
Sixth, IL, 61; at Getty.sburg, II.,
265; One Hundred and Tenth, I.,
360, 366; IL, 346; One Hundred
and Eleventh, VIL, 181; One
Hundrefl anrll'^ourtecnth. camp at
Brandv Station, \ VIIL, 334,
235; ()ne Hundred and Fifteenth,
IL, 344; One Hundred and Six-
teenth, IL, 92, 93; One Hundred
and Nineteenth, II,, 346; One
Hundred and Fortieth, losses, X.,
1.54; One Hundred and Forty-first,
losses, X., 152, 1.54; One Hundred
and Forty-.seeond, losses, X., 1.54;
One Hundred and Forty-fifth,
lo.sses, X,, 1.54; One Hundred and
Forty-eighth, losses, X., 1.54; One
Hundred and Fiftieth. II. ,103;(Jne
Hundred .and Fift\--first, X., 124;
Two Hundred and Ninth, IIL, 338.

Pennsi/liaiiia, I'. S. VL, 54.

Pennypacker, G.. X., 391.

Penrose. W. H., X., 135.

Pensacola, Fla.: L, 86, 91, 3,52;
IL, 351 ; IIL, 221 ; guns in, V., 57;
Confederate water battery at, V.,
57, 59; harbor at, VL, 17, 19, 24,
34, 51, 73, 116, 120, 247; navy-
yard at, VL, 268, 308, 310, 314;

VIL, 264; VIIL, 70; harbor at,
VIIL, 106; Barbour sand-bat-
teries at, VIIL, 131; fortifications
at, IX., 163, 244.

I'disacola. V . S. S.: I., 227; VL, 4S
55, 187, 190.

Pensacola Bay, Fla., I., 4, 87, 347.

Perkins, H. W., X., 160.

"Perote Guards " (see also New Or-
leans, La.), v., 165.

Perrin, A.: IIL, 70, 320; X., 155.

Perry, E. A., X., 137.

Perrv, M., VL, 4.5.

Perry, .M. S., I., 4.

Perry, W. F., X., 355.

Perry. V. S. S., VL, 122.

Perryville, Ky.: IL, 166, 169, 326;
IV., 263; los.ses at, X., 142, 158.

"Personal Memoirs," U. S. Grant,
IX., 119, 290.

Personnel of the Medical .Depart-
ment of the Federal Army, VIL,
346, Appendix B.

Persons, A. W., VIL, 76.

Peterhoff. C. S. S., VL, 309, 320.

Peter.s, midshipman, C.S.N. ,VII.,133.

Peters, N., VIIL, 337.

Petersburg, Va.: I., 32, 34, 43; the
investment of, I., 126; campaign,
L, 285; IIL, 17, 20, 47, 111, 119,
120, 123, 124, 127, 132, 133, 135,
146, 160, 175; investment of, IIL,
17.5-208; 178. 180, 182, 183, 184.
188; digging entrenchments at,
IIL, 189; Southern entrench-
ments around, defy the L^nion
army, IIL, 192; .siege of, IIL,
194, 196; Confederate fortifica-
tions around, IIL, 303, 204;
fortifications at, most remarkable
in the whole world, IIL, 307;
siege and fall of, IIL, 271-294;
Union forces in trenches before,
IIL, 373, 273, 374; Bolingbrokc
Street in, IIL, 275,376, 280; mole-
hill ramparts near the crater, IIL,
381, 282, 383, 284, 288, 292; the
bombarrlnient of, IIL, 294, 396,
298, 3011; courthouse in, IIL, .301,
303, 304, 305, 3119, 311, 320, 321,
322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 335, 337,
340; fall of, IIL, 344; trenches at,
IIL, 344; IV., 38, 104, 108, 128,
2.52,2.53,258; "About Faced" Re-
doubt, V., 49; Mortar "Dictator"
in, V,, 51; heavy artillery on the
way to, v., 53, 54, 62, 182; mine,
v., 180, 184; Confederate abatis
at, V,, 19.3; entrenchments at,
value of, to Ciinfederates, V., 214,
21(i; ConfediTafe fortifications in
defense of.V., 317; F(jrt Sedgwick,
v., 217, 239, 246, 248; attempts
of Confederate engineers to
locate Union mines at, V., 262,
264, 296, 320; VL, 317; Castle
Thunder Prison at. VIL, 87, 89,
161; surgeons of Ninth Corps at,
VIL, 231; supplies sent to armies
investing, VIL, 227; Confederate
camp in front of, used as hospital.
VIL, 239; headquarters. Chief of
Andiulance, VIL, 381, 307; VIIL,
16; field forge at, VIIL, 41 ; build-
ing winter (luarters at, VIIL, 41;
field wheelwrights at, VIIL, 41;
weighing bread for the Union
army, VIIL, 49; government
oven on wheels, VIIL, 49; Sixth
Vermont at, VIIL, 65, 73, 103,
135, 13(i; O. B. Wilcox's head-
ciuarters, VIIL, 343; New York
Thirteenth Artillery at, VIIL,
243, 252; bomb proofs at, VIIL,
253; fall of, VIIL, 254; church
built by New York Fiftieth En-
gineers, VIIL, 257; hanging of
Confederate .spy at, VIIL, 303;
Cobb's Hill Tower, VIIL, 310;
Peeble's Farm Signal 'Tower,
VIIL, 331; Signal Tower, New
York Fourteenth HeavvArtillery,
VIIL, .331, 336; fall of, VIIL,
338, 351; telegraph battery
wagon, VIIL, 353; headquarters
field telegraph, VIIL, 355; tele-
graph operators at, VIIL, 357;
telegraph office in trenches be-
fore, VIIL, 365, 307, 368; siege
of, IX., 155; crater, IX., 175;
capture of, IX., 191 ; bullets found
after battle, IX., 203; captured,
IX., 243; ruins in, IX., ,308, 352.

Petersburg and City Point Rail-
road, Va., v., 51.

[2d Ed.]

[346]

PETERSON

indp:x

PRISONERS

I'clerson, II.: fed, IX., 2S, 2S2.

2.S,-).

I'.ird, .sliip. VI., 12-'.

I'l ln l. r. S. S.: VI., S2 (.-lee al.s )

.\iUcii); VI., 2().S, 2(iS, .■jlO, 320.
IVttigrew, J. ,).: I., 3(U; II., I5:J,

2G2, 342.
Pcttiijrinv. M. 1.., VII., 2:i!).
I'rltil, H. I)., I., 2M).
I'cllil, .Miss \ cr:i, X., 2.

rciiit's baiiriN , I., rso.
j'ottiH, i;. \v., X., -ess.

IViiMio, .1.. VIII., 14!».

Pe,,iv,t, U. S. S., III., 342.

Phelps, J. I'',., (if .\rk:uis:is. X., 195.

Pliclps, .1. Klis'i i,.,! Kansas, X., 217.

Phelps, .1. S., X., 2!»2.

I'h 'Ips, .1. W., VI.,312;X., »07.

Phelps, S. I,.: I., 221; VI., l.")0, 22(1.

2:!_', 312, 3 Hi.
Phelps, r. .<., VI.,
Pheinx, I,., VI., |->7.

Phihulelpl.Kl, I'a.: II., (il: Iiewil-

paper^ 'luiiriy the war, VIII.,
Itriiiatle, sur"\"ivi»rs of, K., .'i 1 ;
I/iMihs' battery at, IX., 37; liri-
Kude iif, meeting with G'"ii:'ral
Pickett's men at Gettysbu g, in
1807, X., 138.

Philadelphia, Tenn., II., .341.

PhilwMpldit, V. t^. .s., VI., 9.», 31)

Philippi, W. Vti., I., 31S.

Phillips Hou.se, Va.: II., 100; ruins
of, 101.

Pliih Parsons, C. S. S., VIII., 2!IS.
Philomont, Va,, II., 320,
"Pli itographer and Soldier," VIII.,
14 sell.

Ph')ti)»rrai^hir History' of the ('i\i!
War: the Contnlnitors tr). I.,7;X.,
2S; onl,\' eomplete pit-torial record
of a war, I., 30; gives records
and facts as well, I., 106; II., 1 ;
(lifficiilties in olitaining some lA
the photographs for the. III.,
li'd; within ( 'olifediaate lines,
VIII., 10.-.: illiistrat.'.l, VIII., IPS.

Phot oKraphiiis; the Civil War: the
hiMielits to 111 - historian. I., 14, 30
SI'./., 30 ."il; photofiraphers with
the arm.\-, I., 33: Hradv's Heail-
onirters," I., 39, 4S; during
Civil War, fa\oral)l<' comparison
of, with present met hods, I., 43,
45 seq. : diflleuli i. s of, quoted,
I., 4.S: the ( 'ivil War, artistic
skill displayed in, I., .54, 58, 59;
as a record, I., 60-87; in field,
v., 19.>: the .soldiers, 1801-05,
VIII., 14, 15; photographers who
followed the army, VIII., 35;
iiietlcnl used in spying by Lytel,

VIII. , 397.

Photographs: perilous photography
at the front. I., 38; imijortant fac-
tors in gix iiii; viviil and grai)hic
descriptions of the Civil War, I.,
30-54'i, i;.; how made, I., pi; sold to
govern'iieiii , I., .*)2; how collecte 1
and diHiculties encountered. I.,
52; past liistorv iikkIi' iiresent, bv
Ci\il War lacturcs, I., (il), til,
(i/i; the most dariiitc, taken during
Civil War, I., 100: ,lis, overy and
collection of, VIII., Itl i; their use
in the spy service, VIII., 2!t7.

Pickens, Fort, Fla., I., 4, SO, 347
.•feq., 354.

Pickens, U. S. S., VI., 82.

Pickering, C. W., VI., 309.

Pickerin.;, T., VI., 109.

■■Piikct Cuard, The" (All Quiet
.\long the Potomac), E. L. Beers,

IX. , 142.

I>ickets: Federal Cavalry, IV., 190;
Confederate, at Stono Inlet, S. C.i
VIII., 131; in I'nion army, VIII.,
■J15; duty of, IX., 143; on winter
duty, IX., 149; communication
between, X. 134.

Pickett, G. E.: I., 73; II., 2,50. 25><.
2.59, -'Ol se,j.. 262 sr,/.. 34S;; III.,
.S4. 31)11, :;22, 314; IV., 29, 23(i,
:i(ll; v., 37, (il, 74; charge of, at
tiettvshurg, Pa., V., 41); charge,
at C.ettvslmrL'. IX., 22, 34, 315,
217: X., (iS, 138. 2s2.

PiekrU. r. S. S.. I., 350.

Piedmont, W. \ a.. III., 322.

Pierce, B. H.: III., 76; X., 315.

Pierce, F., IX., 2KS.

Pierce, siiricd officer, receiving sig-
nals at i:ik Mountain, Md., VIII.,
330, 331.

Pierrepont, E., VII., 190.

Pierson, S., VII., IHl.

Pierson, W. .S., VII., (il, (i9.
Pigeon Monntjiin, 'reiin., II., 270.
I'ike, .\.: VII., 2,54; IX., 103, l(i4;

X., 357.
Piketown, Kv., I., 351.
I'lllow, G. J.: I., LSI, 190 seii; 192;

VII., 40, 9.S; X., 399.
Pillow, Fort, Tenn. (sec a Is-, lout

Pillow, Tenn.), I„ ls7, LM,,, J_'l,

230, 237, 2,38, 2t(), 219; VI., s...
Pilot Knob, Mo.; II., 109; III., 332.
Pinckney, C, IX., 319, 321,
Pinckncv Casdc, I., H9.
Pine Hliiir. .\rl .: II., :illi; III., .312.
Pine M.Minlain, ( la., where ( ieii'l

Leolildas Polk «a» killed, III.,

11.5, 322.
Pinev Woods, La., IL, 3.50.
Pinkerton, A,: L, 40; IL, 77; VIL,

31; VIIL, 17, 19, 23, 303, 303,

267, 3(i9. 371.
Pinkerton, W. A.: VIIL, 17, 23;

(in Brady, .luotcd, VIIL, 17.
Pinkeiton's .s^rcr' t Ser\ice: during

the Civil W ar, VIIL, 1.
Pinota, U. S. S.: L, 2:i2; VL, UK),

196.

Pioneer, T. S. S., I., 356.

Piper. C^ount, ,Swedish minister,
VL, 35.

Pistols, v., 144, 170.

Pittsburg Landing, Shiloh, Tenn.:
L, 95, 194, 195, 198 scg., 200, 203
seej., 3.58, 360: IL, 142: V., 44,
204; VL, 2111; Confederate b;it-
terv at, VL, 312: IX., 95.

PitlslMiri/h. I', .-s. ,S,; L, 1.N7, 217,
222, 224, 356, 302; VL, 148, 214,
210, 218.

Plains of .Abraham, Quebec, I., 12.

Plank Ro.cl, \ a., V., 320.

I'l.nilrr. C. S. S,, VL, 314.

ri.nilrr. r. S., VIL, 337.

P]ai)ueliiilic, l.:l., I., .363.

Pleasant Hill, l.a.: IL,3.52: VL, 227.

Pleasant \allcy. Md., IX., IGl.

Pleasant 's X'irginia battery. Con-
federate, L, 361).

Pleasants, If., IIL, 195; V., 246.

Pleasonton, .\.- IL, 116. .32), 326,
336, 340; IV., 16, 24. 31. 7.5. M),
84, 226, 22s. 23(1, 231, 337, 24.3.
262, 37.5, 399 s.,,.; v., 37: VIL,
169; headouarters at .\uhurii,
VIIL, 335, 319, 361; IX., .5,S, 01,
05; X., 238.

Plevna, losses at, X., 140.

Pluc, I)., VIIL, 381.

Plum, W. I!., (iiioted, VIIL, 360.

Plum I'.aiit, Teiin., I., 362,

Pliminier, .1. B., I., ;iij2.

Plvniouth, X. C: IL,3.52; IIL,33S;
VL, 321), 322.

Pbimnidh, U. S. S., VL, 54, 142.

Po River, Va., IIL, .56,

Poague, W. T., V., 73; DC., .85.

Pocuhoidas, U. S. S., VL, 93.

Pocotaligo, S. C, IL, 326.

Poe, E. A., IX., 19.

Poe, (). M.: L, .33. 42; IIL, 222; V.,
l'.)5, 331, 251: VIIL, 25.

Pohirk Church. \'a., I., 354.

PohI(>, C. K. M., VIIL, 109.

Poindexter, J. A., IL, 320.

Poinsett, J. R., "Poin.sett Tactics,"
IV., (iO.

Pointe Coupee, La., IX., 19.

Point I,ookout Prison, Md.: IIL,
350 ,SC3.; VIL, 44, 56 seii., 63 seq.;
staff at, VIL, 63, 70, 124; Con-
federate prisoners at, VIL, 135;
IX., 25.

Point of Rocks, Md.: L, 3.50; IV.,
76, 77; v., 80; VL, 89, 205; sig-
nal station at, VIIL, 319; sig-
nal offices at, VIIL, 319; signal
tower, VIIL, .331.

Point Pleasant, Mo.. I., 217, 220.

Poison Springs, Arlc, IL, 352.

Policy of arbitrary arrests, VIL, 198.

Polignac, C. ,1., X., 317.

Political influences: as affecting
militarv operations, I., 118.

Political prisoners, VIIL, 270.

Polk, ,1. K., tomb of, DC., 385.

Polk, L.: L, 19(), 200, 208, 218, 360;
IL, 170, 276, 278 seq., 348; IIL,
108, 111, 112, 115, 118, 320; V.,
48; VIL, 100; VIIL, 110, 115; X.,
143, 347, 204.

Polk, L. E., X., 357.

Pond, G. E., IIL, 148.

Pond's Partisan Rangers, Confed-
erate, IL, 320.

PiiitUharlrnin, C. S. S.: I., 300; VL,
218,

Pontoon boats: II., 87; canvas, V,,
3:{5.

Pontoon blidges: ;it Berlin, Md.,
II., 56; IIL, 37: IV., Utr,; V., '335;
:.i Decatur, .\la.. VIIL, '207; olli-
ci rs' i|uarici s, VIIL, 'Ml; iiontoon
bridge, VIIL, 307.

i;,„h,„siir. r. s. s., IIL, ;i42.

Poolcsville, .Md., IIL, 1.59 seq.

Poor, C. 11,, VL, 110.

■'Poor Old .'*l|a\'e," poem, IX., 3,51.

Pope, ,Iolin: I., 217, 219, 220, 222,
236, 24:S, 35.S, 360; II. , 9, I;i seq.;
he.ad.in.arters of, II. , 15, l.S, 2t)
sr,i.. 26, 2\, :i2, 31, 38 seq.; 43, 46,
l.S, 50, 5:i, 5 1, i:i9, 144, 320, 322;
IV., 31; arni\ of, IV., 67, 89, 90,
193; v., 27, :(2 x.(;., .34, .36, 101,
200, 202, 2.s:!. 2SI1, 2SS; VI., ISO,
216, 21.S, L'llS; VIL, Kill, 210;
VIIL, l.S, 12S, jol, _'_'s, .'1(1; IX.,
75: X., 173, 176.

p.. I"-. \'.. IIL, 39.

l'o|iIar .Springs Church, \'a., IIL,
332.

I'opulation of Northern States in
1800, VIIL, .58.

Porcher, F. P., VIL, 251).

Pork-packing b\- Confederate gov-
ernment at Richmond, Va., VIIL,
54.

Port Gibson, Miss.: IL, 189, 214,
210, .3,34, 340.

Port Hudson. l„a.: L, 305; IL, 9;
( 'oiilcdei ate loi tifications at, II,,
179: liu .'i I'.aiiksat, II. , 179 .•.(■(/.,
ISS; Confederate tori ilications,
IL, 310; ( ■onlederah- -me guns
at, IL, 311; Confedi rao- lortifica-
tions at, II., 313; parapet at, IL,
313; "The Citadel," IL, 315;
battered guns at, IL, 317; Bain-
bridge's batteries at, IL, 317;
Duryea's batteries at, IL, 317;
Federal battery Xo. 10 at, IL,
319; Federal na'\ \ , a-si tance of,
at, IL, 219, 226, :;:!2; McL'c of,
IL, 3.36, 340; cauioai-n of, IV.,
135; VL, 3S, 114, 217, 22(5, 318;
VIL, 112, 114, 118; expeditions,
of, VII,, 263,

Port Republic, Va.: I., 310, 300; IV.,
1(11.

I'ort Royal, S. C: L, 3.54, 355; cap-
ture of Confederate forts at, I.,
357; IL, 329; expedition, IL, 329;
IIL, 224; on Rappahannock, IV.,
303; expeditionary corps. V., 110,
145; VL, 22, 75, 112, 11.5, 117,
120, 125, 10,S, 270, 295; entrance
to, VL, 310.

Port Royal, Va., evacuation of, IV.,
305.

Port Rot/al, U.S. S.: L,364; VL, 314.

Port Royal Islands, S. C, IX., 352.

Porter, .\. : L, 1 57 ; VIIL, 271 ; X.,303.

Porter, D., I., 1.83.

Porter, D. 1).; L, 25, 77, 183, 223,
226 seq., 22.S, :502; river fleet oi,
L, 74, 302; IL, 188, 190 seq., 200;
IL, 200, 332, 334, 348, 350;
IIL, 340, 342; Red River fleet of,
IV., 1.39: v., 2(i7, 209, 313; VL,
37, 64, 68, SI, 114, IK), 120, 141,
148, 175, 181, 184, 195, 201, 206,
207, 209, 210, 226, 227, 234, 240,
314, 317, 318, 322; staff of, VL,
3.57; VIIL, 330.

Porter, Mrs. I-'clieia Grundy: Presi-
dent Women's Relief Societ\' of
the Confederate States, VIL, '347,
290.

Porter, Fitz - ,Iohn : headquarters
of, L, 39, 51 .■<eq., 102, 281,
314, .320, 321, .324, .320, 335;
IL, 40, 50, 68, 322, 324; and staff,
IV., 331, 222; V., 35, 38; VIIL,
350; X., 18.3, 198.

Porter, H.; IIL, 81; VIIL, 185, 226,
235; DC., 112, 113, 115, 182; X.,
19, 49.

Porter, ,J. C, IL, 320.

Porter, ,J. L., VL, 140, 144, 154, 155.

Porter, W. D.: I., 74 .■.( </.. 77. 7s srq.,
94, 183 .w/.; IL, P)S; VL, 22(1, 310.

Porter's independent f(.)rces. Con-
federate, IL, 320,

Portcrfield, ,1., Confederate agent,
VIIL, 300.

Portland, Me., L, 88.

Portsmouth. Va., L, 364.

Pnrlsmonlh. V. S. S., VL, 183, 190.

Posey, C, X., 153.

Post, P. S„ X., 201.

I'osI oflice of the ,\rmv of the Polo-

i.cu . VIIL, ;{:{. 3,5. ■

Po l , I ■ \ l;., oiigm of, X., 290.
Pol II " ' iici' 1 11^' In Grant's men,
VIIL, I9S 199.

Polos,, I.,

Polomar. 'I'hc .\rniy of the (see al.so
.\riin of ihe Potomac), I., 282,

Polomar ('reck, Va.: bridge over,
v., 373; VIL, 41.

Potomac Rner: I., (12: in \'ir^'inia,
IL, ri. .50: 111 .Marxl.ili.i and
\ H L-inci. II., 229: \ u \\ ol. lioni
li. rlin llemlil>, IL, •;()«: .Meade's
aiiii\ ( lossini: al I 'el 11 li , 1 1., 3<i7 :
v., S(l, 25S; VL, ;!ll, 9L': llolilia
and ball. -lies. VL, '.II, 95; I'. S.
fl..lilla, VL, 311: VIL, 31; New
\nrk F.ri\ al, VIIL, 39, 74;
New York Se\cnth crossing,
VIIL, 70. SI. l'n:,'.

I'oM. r, ( '. H.. IX., .-.9.

p..(i( r, i :. i;.. X., i:r>.

Pollel. .1. II.. X.,31».

Potter, R. li.: IIL, 90; X., 22.5.
Potter's House, Atlanta, Ga., IIL,
127.

Potthoft. private, VIIL, 125.
Potts, surgeon, VIL, 222.
Potts, H., X., '^33.

"Pound Cake Regiment," X., 121.
Pound Gap, Tenn,, I., 3.58,
Powder Springs, Ga., IIL, 322.
Powell, L., alias "Payne," hanged

for conspiracy to kill President

Lincoln, VIL, 311.
Powell, W. H., IIL, 338.
Powell, W. L., VL, 1,54.
PowhnUin, V. S. S.: IIL, 340; VL,

116, 1.84, 308.
Powhatan Point, \"a.. V., 3.39.
Powhitc ( 'reek, \ a., I., 32)>.
Poydras College, La., IX., 19, 1.58.
Prairie D'Ann, Ark., IL, 352.
Prairie du Chien, VVis. : First regi-
ment of, en route to Washington,

D. C, VIIL, 79.
Prairie Grove, Ark.; IL, 326; losses

at, X., 142.
Prague, Ifjsses at, X., 140.
' 'Pray On," C. P. Ware, IX., 3.52.
"Prayer of Twenty Millions. The,"

Greeley's famous letter, II., 31.
Preble, G. H., VL, 190.
Prentiss, R. M.: I., 194, 200, 202,

204, 305, 300, 3(55; IL, 340, 343;

IX., 95; X., 301.
Preston, ,J. S., X., 385,
Preston, J. T. L., IX., 132.
Preston, Margaret .1.: IX., 230, 231.
Preston, S. W., VL, 137, 359.
Preston; W.. IL, 2S0; X., 267.
Preston, signal othccr, VIL, 1.53.
"Pride of Batters B, The," F. H.

Gas.sawav, IX., 189, 190, 199,201.
Price, S.: L, 118, 209, 353; IL, 143

seq.. 152, 212, 324, 340, 342, 344,

346, 3.50, 352 seq.; IIL, 128, 324,

328. 3.30, 332, 338; VL, 221; X.,

251, 276.

Prince Street Hospital, Alexandria,
Va., VIIL, 335.

Princeton, W. I., 364.

Prinrelon, V. S. S., VL, 135.

Prisoners: guarding the, I., 16.5;
Confederate, II. , 351 seq.; treat-
ment of, during the Civil War, an
advance over previous methods,
VIL, 14, 16; of the war, VIL,
19 52: paroling of, and object,
VIL, 26; paroling of, and condi-
tions of parole, VIL, 26, 28, 30;
exchanges of, authorized after
the battle of Bull Run, etc., VIL,
32; of the war, laws in regard to,
VIL, 32, 34; Confederate, treat-
ment of, in Northern prisons,
VIL, 35; several estimates of the
number of, captured during the
war, VIL, 43, 50, 52; increased
numbers of, created demand for
more prisons, VIL, 43, 44; treat-
ment of, according to rules and
regulations of the respective de-
partments of war, VIL, 46, 48;
of the North ami South, their
lives, accommodations, etc., com-
pared, VIL, 48, ,50; Confederate,
ca|itiiicil in Civil War, VIL, 50;
I'nion, ca|)tured in Civil War,
VIL, 50; "dilapidated" I'nion,
VII,, .51; of the v,ar, VIL, .54;
number of, confined in Libby
Prison during the war, VIL, 57;

[2d Ed.]

[347]

PRISONERS

INDEX

RED RIVER

Pri:50 ne rs — Continued.

conimissar\'-ir<'McrLil of, his duties
and orders, VII., H'.i; exchange of,
VII., 97-122; exchange of, what
is meant b.v this term, VII., 98;
first formal exchange of, VII,, 9S;
Confederate, on way to Cox's
Landing, Va., VII., 99; Con-
federate agent for the exchange
of, VII., 101 ; exchange equivalent
of, determined bv ranl<, VII.,
109; in Georgia, "VII., 122; in
South Carolina, VII., 122; mean-
ing of term wealth in connection
with, VII., 126, 129; the life of,
and the distribution of ration.s an
exciting event, VII., 131; of the
war, passion for gambUng among,
VII., 131. 132, 1.34; of the war
who escaped by eluding the
sentry, VII., 149; treatment of,
VII., '153-186; cost of caring for, a
drain upon the resources of the
North and South, VII., 157; of
the Civil War and their treat-
ment, three distinct periods in
regard to, VII., 160, 161, 162 seq.;
stories of placing of, under the
fire of their own batteries, VII.,
165, 176; increased numbers of,
during 1863, a drain upon re-
sources of the North, VII., 166;
on both sides received supplies
from the outside (lsi)4), VII.,
172; of the North :iiid Suutli I'oiii-
pared as regards supplies, cloth-
ing, shelter, health conditions,
etc., VII., 180-186; Iowa veterans
at Libbv Prison, VIII., 351; polit-
ical, Vlil.. 270.

Prisons: VII., 19 seq.; little pro-
vision made for, by armies of the
North and South at the beginning
of the war, VII., 24; Confederate,
some of the most important ones,
VII., 44, 46; Northern and
Southern, VII., 53-97; construc-
tion of, and conditions existing in
those of the North and South,
VII., 54 seq.; of importance,
classified and described, VII., 54,
56 seq., 96; of the war, VII., .54-
97; fortifications used as, VII.,
56, 58; jails and penitentiaries
used as, VII., 58; Union and Con-
federate, overcrowding, unsani-
tary conditions, etc., of, 58, 62,

64, 66 seq.; various buildings, as
manufacturing establishments,
used as, VII., 58, 60, 62, 91; en-
closures used as, confined to the
North exclusively, VII., 62, 64;
Federal, commandants of, VII.,
65; Union and Confederate, rate
of mortality and sickness in, VII.,

65, 68, 70; tents used for, VII., 70,
72; Union, in which mortality
was ten per cent, in one month,
VII., 73; open stockades without
shelter used for, and confined
exclusively to the South, VII.,
74, 76 seq.; of Elmira, N. V.,
death and sick rate of, VII., 77;
in Virginia, VII., 78; east of
Mississippi, VII., 86; west of
Mississippi, VII., 93; life in, lays
bare a man's character, VII., 124,
126; various means of idling away
the hours in, VII., 126. 128, 130,
132, 134, 136; all sorts and con-
ditions of men in, VII., 126, 129;
determination to escape from,
held first place in the hearts
of thousands of prisoners, VII.,
131, 132; debating societies,
French classes, etc., in, VII., 133,
136; statistics of mortality in,
VII., 136; escapes from, during
the Civil War, VII., 138 seq.;
testimonies regarding treatment
of prisoners, VII., 156, 158; regu-
lations issued by Department of
War as regards care of prisoners,
VII., 158; special acts passed by
Confederate Congress in regard
to, VII., 1,58, 160; treatment of
Confederate prisoners at Fort
Warren the best in the whole
war, VII., 162; rations, some
rumors in regard to, VII., 164,
166; fund for, VII., 166, 168; of
the South, reports of suffering in,
multiplied, in latter part of 1863
and beginning of 1864, VII., 168;
rations, VII., 168; Union, rations

served in, VII., 168; rations as re-
duced, VII., 168; history of the
Confederacy, two most promi-
nent figures of, VII., 173, 176.
17S, 180; in Alabama and
Georgia, VII., 178; Old Capitol,
at Washington, VIII., 389.

Pritchard, B. D., IX., 295.

Pritchard's Mills, Md., I., 352.

Private agencies of relief, VII., 321-
341;

Privateers: Confederate, convicti.m
of, b.v United ."States court and
the trouble that ensued. VII.,
29, 34, 36; crews of, proclaimed
pirates by Lincoln, VI., 84;
careers of, VI., 122; abandoned
for blockade running, VI., 290;
Proclamation of President Lin-
coln in regard to (April 19, 1861),
VIL, :54.

Proclamation of Abraham I^incoln,
call for troo|)s, VIII., lOS seq.

Proclamation of Emancipation, pre-
liminarv, VII., 11(1.

Proctor, b. C., L, 105.

Proctor, R., IX., 155.

Projectiles; the Charrin type, V.,
138; for cannon, V., 146; the
Hotchkiss type, V., 184, 190;
the Parrott type, V., 184, 190;
the Schenkl t.ype, V., 184, 190; the
Armstrong type, V., 190; the
Blakely type, V., 190; the Whit-
worth type, v., 190.

Pro.spect Hill, Washington, D. C:
camp of New York Thirteenth
cavalry at. IV., 173.

Prospect Hill, Va.: New York
Thirteenth cavalry at, IV., 37.

Proteus, U. S. S., VI., 107.

Provence's battery. Confederate, I.,
358.

Providence, R. I.: First Maine In-
fantry leaving, VIII., 60.

Provincetown, Mass., VI., 312.

Provost guard; patrols of the, VIII.,
81.

Provost marshal: duties and re-
sponsibilities of, II., 1.57; head-
quarters of, at Corinth, Miss.,
IL, 157; acfivities of., VIL, 85;
office, Department of the Cuni-
beriand, VIL, 183, 187 seq.; the
army's police, VIL, 187-212;
general, duties of, VIL, 188;
duties of, combined offices of
chief of police and magistrate,
VIL, 188, 189, 190 seq.; and the
citizen, VIL, 188-212; practical
illustration of the work of, VIL,
189; disi n iion and sound judg-
ment necessary- for office of, VlL,
190; exi.stence of war brought
before the people by activities of;
VIL, 190; general headciuarters
of, VIL, 301.

Prvor, R. A., X., 127.

"Psahn of tlie West, The," Sid-
ney Lanier, IX., 30, 284.

Pulaski, Tenn.: Federal troops ad-
vancing over bridge at, I., 313,
313; Union bridge at, IL, 137.

Pulaski, Fort, Ga. (.see also F(;rt
Pulaski, Ga.): VI., 237; VIII.,
229.

Pulpit Rock, Lookout Mountain,
Tenn.: IL, 293; summit of, IL,
307.

"Pup-tent," The, VIII., 33.
Purchasing system: Confederate

army, VIII.; 53.
Purdv Road, Miss., IL, 1.52.
Puritan. U. S. S., VL, 130.
Purnell Legion of Maryland: VIL,

169.

Purvis, G. E., v., 65.
Puryear, J.. IV., 166.

Putegnat, ,1. P., VIL, 147.
Putnam, G. H.: L, 7. 9. .56, 60;

VIL, 18; IX., 177, 181; X., 31.
Putnam, Henry, IX., 348.
Putnam, Herbert, I., 15.
Putnam, I., IX., 348.
Putnam, V. S. S., L, 356.

Q

Quaker Citi/, U. S. S.: IL, 330; IIL,

342; VL, 308, 318.
"Quaker guns": mounted before

Port Hudson, IL, 315; V., 198.
Quaker Road, Va., IIL, 344.
Quallatown, N. C, IL, 350.
Quantico Creek, Va., VL, 84.

Quanlrill, W. C: IL, .342; IV., 168,
Quarles, W. A., X., 395.
Quarles, Mosb\' ranger, IV., 166.
Quarles' Mill, Va.: L,43; IIL, 51, 73.
Quartermasters, VIII., 46 srq.
Quebec. Canada. L, 12.
Queen Cilij. U. S. S., VL, 223.
Queen of the UV.s-/, C. S. S.: IL, 330.
Queen of the West. V. S. S.: L, 239,

240, 244. 366, 368; IL, 196, 198;

VL, 3.-), 222. 224, 226, 316, 318.
(Quirk's scouts. Confederate arm\-,

IV., 1.58.

"Quota from Michigan," VIII., 77.

R

Raccoon Ford, Va., IL, 346.
Raccoon Mountain, Tenn.: IL, 177,

291); gorge at, IL, 310.
Rachel Seaman, U. S. S., VL, 316.
Radford, W., VL, 162.
Ragged Point, Va., VL, 322.
Raham, F., IV., 166.
Raiders: Confederate, capture of

telegraph operators bv, IV., 174,

176.

Raids: first great Confederate under
General Stuart, ,Iune 13-15, 1862,
IV., 85; a distinct product of the
Civil War, IV., 120; expeditions.
Federal, in the East, IV., 120-
131; a most brilliant and sensa-
tional one, and results of, in May,
1864, IV., 124, 125, 126, 127; in
the West, IV., 129-140; famous
Union, in the West, April, 1863,
IV., 132, 133, 1.34; and experU-
tions. Federal, in the West, IV.,
132-140; Union, in the West, and
South, objects of, IV., 132; under
Grierson, the most successful
during the Civil War, results of,
IV., 134; by Federal cavalry in
March and .\pril. 1865, in the
West, gave the death blow to the
Southern Confederacy, IV., 136,
138, 140; of Union cavalry in the
West on the whole more success-
ful than those in the East, IV.,
137; Confederate, in the West,
IV., 141-164; under Morgan,
object of, IV., 144; under Mor-
gan, results of, IV., 1.56.

Railroads: Richmond-Chattanooga
Railroad, I., IKi; Richmond &
York River Railroad, Va., I.,
299; bridge o\-er Richmond &
York River Railroad, I., 317; a
factor in warfare, IL, 34; work
trains of njilitary, IL, 35; fre-
quent destruction of, by armies
of North and South, IL, 175;
guarding of, importance of in
the strategy of war, II., 316; ' 'tlie
most complete destruction of,
ever beheld." IL, .341; destruc-
tion by Union wreckers, IIL, 133;
and the armies, V., 271 ; military,
and roads, V., 274; part played in
war. VIII., 4(), 48; building on the
marsh, VIII., 34; mileage in 1861,
VIII., 46; transportation prob-
lems, VIII., 46; value in the
prosecution of campaigns, VIIL,
46; rates on, 48; Baltimore and
Washington R. R., 74; Massachu-
setts Eighth, en route to Washing-
ton, D. C., 74; New York Seventh
en roi/tc to Washington, D. C. 74.

Rains, J. E., IL, 330; X., 151.

Rains, G. J., V., 163.

Rains, G. W.: V., 1.57, 161, 162, 168,
170, 183.

Rains', J. S., brigade, L, 290, 3.56,
368.

Raleigh, N. C, VIIL, 220.

Raleigh, C. S. S.: L, 356; VL, 146,
158, 168, 273.

Rampart, L, 363.

Rams: river steamers fitted as,
by Charles Ellet, Jr., VL, 35, 87;
Confederate destruction of, VL,
87, 89; first employment b.v Con-
federates, VI. , 140; opinion of
Mall(jry on, VI. , 146; use of, on
the Mississi])pi. VL, 1.50; in first
battle of ironcl.ads, VL, 160, 162,
1()6; first attempts tf) use, VI. ,
178; in Confederate defense of
New Orleans. VL, 1,S9. 191. 194,
198,200; in Confederate defense of
Carolina waters, VI., 199; in Con-
federate defense of the Missis-
sippi, VL, 224, 226; in Confeder-

ate defen.sc of Mobile, VL, 249.

2.50, 251, 2.52, 2.54 . 2.56; Foderai

use rif, VL, 251; in Confederate

defense of Charleston, VL, 272;

Coiifcdcratc cruiser, VL, 297, 299.
Ramsas , V. M., VL, 207.
Ram.seur, S. D.: IL, 334; IIL, 70,

1.52, 3.30; X., 145, 278.
Ram.seur, surgeon, VIL, 222.
Ramsey, A., VL, 154.
Randail, J. R.: IX., 19, 20, 81, 82,

83, 84, 1.58, 161.
Randol, A. M., batter>-, IL, 334.
Randolph. G. W.: organizer of the

"Richmond Howitzers," V., 58;

VIL, 100, 195; X., 319.
Randolph, Mrs. G. W., VIL, 296.
Randolph, N., IV., 166.
Randolph, Fort. Tenn. (see also

Fort Randolph, Tenn.), I., 236,

240, 249.

Randolph's battery. Confederate,

L, 348.
Rankin, W. A.. L, 97. 201.
Ranson. G. M., VL, 190.
Rans,,ni, M. W.: IL, 324; VIIL, 103.
Kaiis.,111, H,, .Ir.: IL, .324 ; X., 379.
Raiis..iii, T. E. G.: IL, 352; X., 199,

218, 222.

Ha|)idan River, Va.: IL, 26, 40, 42,
105, 124, 267: Germania ford,
IIL, 34, 35; V., 32 seq., 214, 216,
234; VIIL, .329. 351.

Rappahannock Bridge, Va. : IL,
220; VL, 294.

Rappahannock River: view of Fred-
ericksburg, Va., from, I., 36;
Brady at work on the banks of, I.,
36,59; Federal troops crossing the,
IL, 16, 19, 24, 33, 39, 40 .%eq., 42,
44,80, 83; Franklin crossing on,
IL,91,97, 105, 106, 109, 113, 124,
128; skirmish on, IL,320; IV., 84,
89, 01, 92, 190, 192, 203, 228; V.,
21, 34 seq., 38; pontoniers on the,
v., 319, 232. 244, 280, 290; VL,
314, 318, .320; VIL, 41, 42, 268;
VIIL, 160, 323; at Fredericks-
burg, Va., IX., 19.3.

Rappahannock Station, Va.: II.,
342. 346; IV., 89, 193; V., 233.

RnppatHuniork, C. S. S.. VL, 296.

H,lr:l,ni. V. S. S., VL, 54.

Rasier, F. W., IX., .34.5.

Rassieur, L.. X., 296.

Rations: "On the hoof," VIIL, 50;
.serving out of, VIIL, 213.

Rattler. U. S. S., VL, 308.

Rawlins, J. A.: with Gen. Grant at
City Point, Va., I., 81, 181; IIL,
81; IV., 210; horse of, IV., 303;
IX., 113; X., 31. 47, 49.

Raymond, Miss, IL, 189, 218, 334,
•340.

Rea. .1. P., X., 206.

Read.C. W. : VL, 292, 318; VIL, 139.

Read, .1., VIL, 18.

Read, T., X., 141.

Read, T. B.: IV., 297, 310; "Sheri-
dan's Ride," IX., 70.

Reagan, .1. H., X., 13.

Reams Station, Va., IIL, 197, 301,
208, 330.

Reanev, H., VL, 166.

Reconstruction: IX., IS, 208, 305,
.•J08, 310, 313, 324, 325.

Records of the War between the
States, L, 102-111.

Recruits: Southern, better marks-
men and horsemen, VIIL, 148.

Rectortown, Va.: McClellan re-
lieved of command of army at,
IL, 57, 348.

Red Hill, Georgetown, D. C:
signal camp of instruction at,
VIIL, .306. 307; United States
Signal Service Corps, VIIL, 308,
309, 313, 322; signal camp at,
VIIL, 339.

"Redhot Battery," McCarthy's
battery. Company C, First
Pennsylvania artiller\', I., 391.

Red Hovise Landing. \ a'.. VIIL, 2.59.

"Red-legged Fifty-fifth." VIIL, 72.

"Red Men Who Suffered in Si-
lence," VIL, 354.

Red Mound, Tenn., IL, 328.

Red River: I., 72; Col. Bailey's
wonderful dam on, I., 78, 79;
IL, 200, 209, 225; VL, 147, 148,
207, 217, 225, 337, 232, 318, 320,
322; VIL. 96.

Red River Dam, L, 71, 78, 79.

Red River expedition: I., 77 seq.;
VL, 64, 234; VIIL, 251.

13d Ed.]

[348]

RKI) lUVKR FLEET

INDEX

ROSSITER

W. ,/ Hiivr fleet, U. S. S., VI., 32(1.

Ri'ii lini'er, U. S. ho-spitril boat: I.,
•i4;{; II., VI., 21S; at \ ii'ks-

Ihul', Miss.. VII., :W7; :i|s; me I-

i. .'ii siair ui, VII., -.Its, .-ti!), :«().

Kc(l\va\ . (1. W.: X., I.tl.

KcdwocM. All.'Ti C: VIII., '.I. l:!S;

cniolci, VIII., l.'.s, 17.;, 177;

X., 7. n, ■•H; ■■ St.aH Uall Jackscu

— a \ ." X , lts,s'((/.

lU-cd, W. II..' ,1, VII., l.S.-,.

Heelloot l.aki.-, IViin., I., 220.
Rees, H., III., 200.
Rcos, photogriiplicr, VII., .")7.
Rfcv,.. I. \-, n., VII., .'iO.
' ' lirlut;ri> " : iiali\ ('s and "inlcUi-

lirnl r.,utral.aiiils," VIII., l.K
' ' Kri;ul:ir " I i ix .ps, iiunibLTof Union,

in 'lil, VIII., 222.
Hi iil s l,aili'i \ , ( ■..lilcdprato, I., 3.')0.

R. /•;. c. s. s,, VI., 101).

Ki'lic'l alTnrdcd {\ir aniix l>\' sani-

lar\ cuniliussioii. VIZ., Xi-l.
Rein f, 1. S. S., VI., r.o.
Rdun,r,\ c. S., VI., :UG.
Rtliniic . I. .s. s., VI., iiO.s, 320.
Roiiiiii)iis services on the field, VIII.,

100, 356.
" Ueniinisoences of the Civil War,"

.1. H. Cordon, II., 294.
' 'Reniinisi-rni-es," Juiia Ward Howe,

IX., l.-,4.

"Rprnouiit depot," Giesboro, D. C,
IV., C8.

Reno, ,1. I,.: II., 40, .51, 66, 322,

324; X., 131, 20s.
Renshaw. V. B., VI., 192.
Renshaw, W. H., VI., 316.
Republic, V. S. ><.. III., 342.
Republic Port, \ a., IV., 102.
Repair shop.s in ariin', VIII., 40.
Resaea, Ca.: III., 108, 109, 21.S,

224, 24.S, 320; entrenchments at,

IX., 167.

Resaca de la Palma, Mexico, IV.,
24.

Resolute. C. S. S. VI., 192,
Re.wlutf , r . S. : VI., 96, 97, 99, 30S.
• 'UestoratioM of 1660," IX., 12S.
''Keunioii, spirit of," X., 13S.
Reveillie, V. S. .S.. II., liii.
Revere, E. H. R., VII., 217.
Revere, J. W., X., 219.
Revere, P. J., VII., 47.
"Review at Washinfj;ton, D. C\";

III., 34,5; of Twentieth army

corps. III., 347.
Review stand.s, Washington D. C,

IX., 359.

Reynolds, A. W., IV., 274. X., 31t.
Reynolds, C. W., quoted, VII., 7,5.
Reynolds, D. H., X., 259.
Revnolds. J. F. : I., 75; spot where

killed at Gettysburg, Pa., I., 75;

II., 40, 88, 91, 108, 177, 241 seq.,

2.59, 282. 322, 328, 3.34; VIII., 232;

death of, IX., 223; X., 139, 188.
Revnolds, ,T. ,1., X., KiO, 18.5, 204.
Revnolds, W., VI., 137.
Rh'ind, A. C, VI., 121, 315.
Rhode Island: population in 1860,

VIII., 59; number troops lost

from, VIII., .59: number troops

furnished by, VIII., 59.
Rhode Lslaiid troops:

Artillrni: At Bull Run. Va.. V.,

20; First, II., 65; V., 47; Third, I.,

366; II., 350; colored. III., 340;

v., 147.

Cavalry: First, I., 364; II.,
25, 336; IV., 88, 233; Second,
Dragoons, I., 350; Third, II., 3.52;
Seventh, II., 324.

Infantry: First, I., 44, 141, .348;
II., 332; leaving Providence, R.
I., VIII., 60: Burnside and staff,
VIII., 61; IX., 69; Second, I.,
.348; Third, I., 360, 366; II., 326;
Fourth, I., 356, 358; Fifth, I.,
356, 3.58; IX., 68, 71.
Rhode It-land, U. S. S.: III., 342;
VI., 105; officers on deck of, VI.,
113.

Rhodes, C. D.: IV., 46, 120, 132,
168, 186, 220, 322.

Rhodes, J. F.: VII., 24, 50; opinion
of, regarchng the food and cloth-
ing of U. .S. armv, VIII., 56.

Rice, A. v., X., 331.

Rice. E. W., X., 305.

Rice, J. C. : II., 2,53 ; III., 58; X., 139.

Rice. S. A.. X., 139.

Ri. o. W., IX., 328, 329.

Ru-h Mountain, Va.: I., 348; VII.,
30.

Richardson, \. D., VII., 116.
HichardsoM. I. B.: I., 280, 32.5; II.,

07. 72, 321; X., 131.
Kirhardsnn, li. W, X., 397.

Ricliaidsnii, WAV corrcspondi'ut,
A'riv York Triliinn , ( ;.MHT,-d
•Sherman's ref<Mcnn' in, VIII,, 29.

Richardson, Fori, \ a. isi-i- Fint
Rich:irdsfm iirar- S:i\aii(. St;ltioii,
\ a.,arid Kurt liirliardson, Arling-
ton ll. i;;l.l \ a. I.

l;i. liii,.ai(l, Inn .: II., 322; losses at,
X., 1 1.', l.'.ii.

iil. lllMUlMl. l a., VI., 316.

lia-liniund. \ a.: I., .51, 91, 121, 126
sni.. 127, 111. 1 \:,. •J.s:!; Fniou
..\rm\- wit hill ll \ inil,.-. , ,1 , I., 3;)| ,
3lili; in niui^. I., T'.t; i h.. si l urglc
for, I., 251 s,;i : I 'ulllrdn i ,.;,p-
itol, I., 383; II., 22, Oil. nil,
11)5, III, :i.-,o; III., 10, 17, l.S,
19, 20, l.SS, 21 1, 221, 221, 2s.S;
rilliis ol. III., 29.S a, , I. ; capilal of
the ('olilcdcr.ar\ f:illi-ii. III., •|!tS,
3.'>9; dcs'ilalion and nilii ill, .\|.nl,
1865; III., 29.S, 2911, :il)ll, :ill2;
riot, explosion, tires in, .\pril '2d,
and 3d, I8(i5, III., 302, 304, 305;
arsenal at. III., 317. 339 xeq., 335;
s >me scenes of destruction at,
III., .339, 341; i;M liaii^c Bank,
III., 341; ruins of ( lallcKo Flour
xMills, III., 341: views of. III.,
341, 343 siq.: Fnion ca\'alr\'nien
in, IV., 131, 122; Dalilnrcn's raid
on, IV., 123, 124; smoking ruins
of, IV.,355;V.,12;Trcdi.-ar .Mills,
v., 56. 101, 156. 157, 15.S,.UU, KiO;
arsenal at, V., 166; Tredegar Iron
Works, v., 166, 191; arsenal, V.,
1 68 ; arsenal, ordnance issued from,
v., 1 68 ; arsenal , V. , 1 70 ; laboratory
for small amiTmnition, V., 183;
grape shot in, V., 191; mortar
.shells, v., 191; solid shot, V.,191;
ruins in, V., ISl, 216, 231, 248,
264; ArdunciiiiaiJ, Confederate, V.,
264; defense of, V., 303: Capitol at,
v., 303, 304; arsenal, after fire,
v., 307; Tredegar Iron Works,
v., 307; defenses of, V., 313; for-
tifications of, v., 314. 316; the fall
of, v., 318; negro refugees in, V.,
319; map of defenses of, V., 333;
VI., 59; Tredegar Iron Works,

VI. , 76, 90, 114, 132, 139, 162,
165, 265, 289, 314, 317; Libby
Prison, VII., 19, 25 seq., 36 seq.,
38, 45, 55, 57 seq.; Belle Isle
Prison, VII., 61; eapitol at, VII.,
61; prison in, VII., 78; Libby
Prison,VII.,91; Libbv Prison after
the war, VII., 93; Libby Prison,
1865, when used as prison for
Confederates, VII., 94, 131 ; Libby
Prison, 1865,VII., 131; prisons in,

VII. , 130; Libby Prison, VII.,
143, 160, 164 seq.; "Castle Thun-
der" prison at, VII., 199; ruins
in, VII., 3,37, 238, 239 seq.; Chim-
borazo Hospital, VII., 343; Citv
Hospital, VII., 343, 349;VIII., 46,
51,109, 127; ruins of IVcdegarlron
Works at, VIII., 133, 150 .-ieq., 1.58
seq., 198; Libby Prison, Iowa
Fourteenth Infantry, VIII., 351,
252; fall of, VIII., 254, 288 seq.,
324 se«., 343 seq., 352 seq.; U. S.
military telegraph operators in,

VIII. , 363; U. S. telegraph con-
struction train in, VIII., 367;
Richmond Paper Mill and rail-
road rebuilt, IX., 335; statue of
George Washington at, IX., 338;
Washington's headquarters in,

IX. , 338; St. John's Church at,
IX., 229; ruins, 1865, IX., 331;
Hollywood cemetery at, IX., 283;
Henrv Clav monument in, IX.,
385; Gallego Flour Mills at, IX.,
306; Sotithern express office, IX.,
306; mill on James River and
Kanawha Canal, IX., 306; Rich-
mond and Petersburg railroad
station at, IX., .306; remains of
cars near the station. IX., 306;
residences in ruins. IX., 307; ruins
of paper mill (1,S65), IX., 334;
ruins in, IX., 334; residence of
Robert E.Lee. X., 51.; visited by
Massachusetts troops, X., 138.

Richmond, C. S. S., formerly the
George Page, C. S. S., VI., 84, 89,
175, 265.

Richmoml, U. S. S.: I., 227, 239 seq.;

II., 219; v., .57; VI., 48, 189, 190;
217, 251, 2.52; VIII., 1.57, 303.
"Kichniond," horse of R. E. Lee,
IV., 300.

Kiclimond-Chattanooga Railroad,
I., 116.

U n h niiind inquirer. The, Richniorid
\ a., v., 1.5, 170.

Hicliiiiond, Freflericksburg .and Po-
limiac Hailroad, Va.: II., 85;
^ bridge, v., 373.

"Kichniond I low i( zers," of Rich-
llHJlld, \ ,1., v., 5.S.

T;ii liiiioiiil .iiid I'l lcrslmrg Rail-
road. III., :',2(1; slalluii of, IX.,
3».'i; bridir,.. niiiis IX., 301.

Hii liiiiorid and 'l ..rk Hivei Hailroad :

I. , 2.S.S, L'99, 315; gun iiioiiiiird on
car w heels on, I., ;{ *.5; bridge of,
oN'cr the l*amiinkc> Hi\Tr (le-
sii'oyed by Gen. AlcClidlan, 1.,
317.

P.irliniond Railro.ad, Va., III., 298,
HicKrlls, .1. B.: I., 151, 159, 162;

II. , 32, ir,, r,:i: (i.-kl l.alienrs, V.,

I. S Kc,,.: 19. 20 SCI.: batier\' ol,
VIII., 7.S; IX., 21,1..

"Hide arniuid .Mi ( lellan," Stuart's
first great raid, .luiie 1;5-I5, 1862,
IV., 85.

Ridgely, D. B., VI., 123.

Rienzi, Miss., II., 340.

"Rienzi," liorse of P. H. Sheridan,
IV., 3()s ,v,,/.

Rifli's: Si,nngli,.|,l and Enfield
models, V., 129; caliber of, V.,
130; muzzle-loader, V., 130;
breech-loading and repeating, V.,
132; Spencer model. V., 132,
I3t; ."Siiriic-iT. c'c.iiipared with
Springlield inudi l, V., 134; James
model, v., 13.); Brooks model, V.,
143; Parrott model, V., 143, 1.54;
Springfield model, V., 148, 160;
magazine, V., 174; breech-load-
ing, v., 194; replacing muskets,
VIII., 186.

Rinal III. II. M. S., reception of Con-
Icdci ale Cuiiiiiussiiiii on, VI., 312.

Rim/nold, C, VL, 19.

Ringgold, C. W., VII., 133.

Ringgold, Ga. : W. P. Carlin and
st;iff at, II., 169, 270, 309, 346;
headquarters of General Thomas
at. III., 107; camp at, IX., 170.

Ringgold's Penn. Cavalry, I., 3.54;

II. , 348.

Rio Grande River, Tex., VI.,39, 1 10.

Ripley, E. H., X., 307.

Ripley, J., v., 126.

Ripley, R. S.: II., 67. .320, 324; V.,
134', 183, 261; X., 109.

Ripley, Mi.ss.. II., 346.

River Defense Fleet: Confederate,
I., 240, 362; destruction of, VI.,
35, 83, 85, 222; organization of,
VI.,83, 85; failure of, VI., 85, 192;
on the Mississippi, VI., 220, 314.

"River of Death," meaning of In-
dian word " Chickamauga," II.,
270.

River steamers: importance of, in

militar\' oiterations in the West,

IL, 162, 163.
Rivers' Bridge, S. C, III., 342.
Rives' cavalry. Confederate. I., 350.
R. J. Breckenridge, C. S. S., VI., 192.
Roads: during the Civil War, VIII.,

31; condition of. VIII., 34, 36.
Roane, J. S., X., 357.
Roanoke, C. S. S., VL, 181.
Roanoke, I'. S. S.. VI., 48, 1,56 seq.
Roanoke Island, N. C: L, 356; VI.,

268; IX., 69.
Roanoke River, N. C: III., 318;

VI., 199, 261, 322.
"Robert E. Lee," poem by .Tulia

Ward Howe, IX., 122.
Rnhert F. . Lee, C. S. S., VI., 108. 124.
Robert Morris, V. S. S., I., 273.
Roberts, B. S., X., 307.
Roberts, D. J.: VIL, 9, 238, 256,

278, .349; X., 37.
Roberts, G. W., VI., 312.
Roberts, W. P., X., 381.
Robertson, R. H., IV., 73, 104.
Robertson, F. H., X., 315.
Robertson, J. B., X., 315.
Robertson, J. M.,I.,387;V., 15,35,37.
Robertson, J. P., VL, 137.
Robertson Hospital, Richmond,

Va., VII., 290.
Robertson River, Va., II., 26.
Robertson Tavern, Va., II., 346.
Robertson's Battery, I., 381.

Robertson's Ford. Va., III., 36.
Robinson, J. C. :IIL, 54 ; X., 335,296.
liobiiison, ,1. S., X., 3.33.
Hobiiisoii, W ., VI., 301.
liobiiison House, Bull Run, Va.,

L, 1,57.
Rr)clie, I. J., IX., 204 seq.
Uiiche, T. G., L, 42.
"Rock of Chickamfuiga," name

gi\c-n to General Thomas, II.,

2.S8; X., 122.
Rock Crc k, 1). C., v., 91; VIIL, 98.
Rock ( 'ici k, I'a,. 11. , 2:(s.
Rock Hill, \ a., IV., 243.
Rock Islanil, 111.: arsenal at, V., 140;

pri.son,VIL, 44, 66, 82, 168; VIII.,

82.

Rock Spring, Ga., VI., 147.
"Rockbridge Artillery," of \'irginia,

v., 73.
Rockvillc. Md., IL. 314.

Rock«.H,d, ( ;. ( ;,, I., n;. i8 seq.

Rock\ lace, <;.!,, IL, 350.
Rocky Face Gap, Ga., III., 108.
Rocky Face Ridge, Ga., III., 108,
318.

Rocky (!ap. Ky., IL, 336, 342.
Roddi-\-. 1". 1.)., X., 353.
Rodciibougli, T. F. ; quoted. III.,

100; IV., 7, 16; quoted, IV., 109,

262, 292; X., 35.
Rodes, R. E.: IL, ,324; III., 1.52,

326, 330, 332; quoted, VIII., 120;

IX. , 201; X., 14.5, 2.82.
Rodgers, C. R. P.; IL, .347, 351; IV.,

47, 137, 270; VIIL, 335
Rodgers, G. W., VL, 44, 173.
Rodgers, J.: L, 189. 333; V., 312;

VL, 139, 171, 182, 212, 272, 312.
Rodgers, L., IV., 1 13.
Rodgers Battery. \ a.: V., 85, 87.
Rodman. 1. P.: II., 74, 75, 76, 324;

v., 87; X., 133.
Rodman, T., V., 137.
Rodman guns: smooth bore, V., 87,

89.

Roge'rs, H. C, X., 339.

Rogers, W. P.: IL, 141, 1.56, 160;
dead body of. IL, 145.

Rogersville, Tenn., IL, 346.

"Roll Call," N. G. .Shepherd, IX.,
1.36. 137.

Rolling Fork. Ky., IV., 1.50, 154.

Rolling Fork IJiycr, Ky., IV., 1.50.

Roman, .\rtliur, VIIL, 169.

Romiin Catliolii- sisterhood, hospi-
tal work of, VIL, 296.

Rome, Ga.: IL, 276, 332; IIL, 112,
216, 220, 320; VIL, 145.

Romeo, U. S. S., VL, 208.

Romney, W. Va., L, 348, 352, 354.

Rontzohn's photograph gallery,
Winchester, Va., General Jackson
at, X., 101.

Rood, F. M., L, 50.

Rood's Hill, Va., IIL, 338.

Rooney, J. J., IX., 322.

Roosevelt, Theodore, VIIL, 112;

X. , 1.38.
Root, E., L, 104.

Root. G. F., IX., 342, 3.50.

Roper Hospital, Charleston, S. C,

VIL, 161.
Ropes, J. C: L, 282; IL, 38; V., 34

seq.; IX., 56.
Rorty, J., IX., 217.
Ro.se, T. E.: VIL, 60, 137 seq., 145,

1.52.

Rosecrans, W. S.: L, 132, 136; IL,
9, 140 seq., 142 seq., 148 seq., 150,
160, 166 seq., 178, 270 seq., 272
seq., 288, 294 324, 328, 340, 344;
rv., 34. 144. 147. 151 ; destruction
of wagon train b\-, IV., 1.58, 159,
1611, 162. 161, 214, 254; V., 135,
206. 20S, 292, 29li; VL, 230; VII.,
233; IX., 101; with staff, X., 19,
122, 172, 173.

Ro.sencranz, Lieut., .Swedi.sh officer
om McClellan's staff, I., 113.

Roseville, .\rk., IL, 352.

Ross, C, L, 341.

Ross, E. W., VIL, 57.

Ross, J., home of, IL, 387.

Ross, L. F., X., 301.

Ross, L. S., dead body of, II., 145,
330; X., 313.

Ross, Texas rangers. Confederates,
L, 358.

Rosser, T. L.: IL, 348; IIL, 160,
164, 332, .344; IV., 73, 87, 106,
108, 110, 112, 114, 171, 251, 252.

Rosser's Battery, Confederate, I.,
350.

Rossiter, C, VIL, 135.

[3d Ed.]

[349]

ROSSVILLE GAP

INDEX

SIIALER

llossville Gap, Tcun.: lii :i(Ii|U!irtc'rs
of General Gonlwn ( Jr :iiiii<T. 11.,
387; lTmimanny< ni,v-.cs, IX., 1111.

Roster of c'Ti'-ral i)fHc<'is, Lliii m
and (' .ntVdcrati'. X., 301; Um n\
anii.v. X., 3U-'-i!17; Confcdc'rate
arni.v. X., ;Sl.s-321.

"Roui;li siii;;ri v in the field," VII.,

355, :y.i.

U..uti.| Hill, Aik., I., 3(iS.

H.auid roi>,(;cttvsl)iH-.Pa.,II.,2:{l.

Jiou-i.si'au, L. II.: II., 174; III., .'iL-d,

331), 340; IV., 204, 287 st^.; VII.,

215.

Routh, .1. W., surgeon. X., 292.

Rover, Tenn., II., 330.

Rowan, S. C. : VI., 93, 94, 9r), 98, 270.

Rowlett, P. I'., VIII., 113.

Rowlett's Station, Ky., I., 354.

R;>wley, T. R., X., 39S.

Royal Yacht, C. S. S., I., 354; VI.,

45; VI., 268.
Rovall, W. B., IV., 85.
Rozienc. F. A., I., 14.
Itubu. C. S., VI., 107.
Rnckstulil, !•■. VV.. IX., 311.
Rimer, T. H.: II., 25G, 2.5.S; III., 344;

X., 87.

Ruggles, D.: I., 35S, 302; VII., 40;

X., 317.
Rush, R. H., IV., 25, 75.
Ru.sh Hawkins' Zouaves, VIII., 219.
Rush's Lancers (see also Sixth

Cavalrv, I'a.), IV., 5C, 74.
Rusk, J. X., 309.
Russel, A , VIII., 1«!).
Russel, .J. H., VI., 51, 190, 208, 310.
Rus.sell, A. A., IV., 100
Russell, A. .1.: I., 42; III., 145; V.,

16, 273; IX., 193, 195, 197.
Russell, D. III., 152, 154, 332;

X., 133.
Russell, T., VIII., 169.
Russell, W. H., autlior of "Hull

Run," I., 36.
Russia, Czar of, messenger from,

VI., 31.
lJust, A., I., 368; X., 357.
Kutledge, A. M., v., 65.
liutled-c, W. .1., X., 292.
Rutlcdgc's liatlerv, Tenn., V., 65.
Rvan, Father, IX., 240, 245.
Ryan, M. B., X., 47.

s

■Sabine Gross Roads, La.: II., 352;
VL, 227.

Sal>mel'ass,Texas;VL,316, 320,322.
Habin,; V. S. S., VI., 19, 163, 270.
Sucltem, U. S. S., II., 330; VI., 320.
Sackett, D. B., L, 331.
Sacramento, Kv., I., 356.
S.i,;„mr„to, U.'S. .S., VL, 295, 298.
Sailor's Creek, Va : IIL, 306, 346;

IV., 87, 258; V., 268.
St. Augustine, Fla.: I., 35; Fort

Marion at, IL, 347, 348, 349, 351;

VL, 312.

St. Charles. Ark.: L, 366; IL, 194;

VL, 222, 314.
St. Cleirles H(jtel, New Orleans,

La., VIIL, -ill.
St. Clair. V. S. S., VL,318.
St. .James' Church, Va., IV., 224.
St. John, 1. M., v., 170; X., 365.
St. John, N. B., VL, 133.
St. John's Bluff, Fla., VL, 121, 316.
St. John's River, Fla.: VL, 23, 316,

320.

Si. Lawrence, U. S. S.: VL, 82, 1.56,
268, 300.

St. Louis, Mo.: I., 172 seg.; Camp
Jackson at, L, 173; IV., 328; V.,
144; arsenal, V., 154; Gratiot
Street Prison, VII., 65; basis f)f
.supplies, VIIL, 32; army repair
shops, VIIL, 40; raisi's a large
force to defend the I'nion, VIII.,
74, 82, 206.

St. Louis, U. S. S.: I., 182 seg.. 185,
187 seq., 222; a veteran of many
river fights, I., 333 seg., 356, 362,
366; VL, 214, 216, 220, 222, 312.

St. Marcus, castle of, St. Augustine,
Fla.. IL, 347.

St. Mark's Uiver. Fla., VL, 314.

St. Mary's River, Fla., IL, 350.

St. Paul's Church, Alexandria, Va.,
VIL, 334.

St. Peter's Church, near New Kent
Court House, Va.: Gen'l Sumner
and staff at, I., 397; church in
whii h W ashington was married,
IX., 338.

St. Philip. Fort. La. fsee al.so Fort

St. Pliilip, l,.a.): I., 226, 227, 228,

230. 234.
St. Pierre, Martiiiii|ue, VL, 293.
St. 'I'll im is' Church, New Y..rk

Citv, X., U.
Salaiiiis, I., 31).
Salem, Ark.. L, 358.
Salem, .Mo . I., 354.
Salem, V:i., IIL, 321.
Salc'iii Cliapel, \'a., light at. IX., 193.
S:ilemChureli,\ a.: IIL,322; X., 138.
Salem Hei-liis. \ a., IL, 331.
Saline Hirer, .\rk., IL, 352.
Salisburv. N. ('.: VIL, 4(1, S8, 92,

114, 120, 142, in.
Salisbury, Tenn., IL, 346.
Salkahatchie, S. C., IIL, 342.
Salm-Salm, Prince Felix: I., 309;

v., 292.
Salomon, F.. X., .309.
Saltpeter: reser\-e supol\" of, V., 144.
Saltvilk', \'a., IIL, 332'. 310.
"Sam," horse of tien'l Sherman,

IV., 306.
Samaria Church, Va., IIL, 324.
"Sambo's Right to be Kilt," C. G.

Halpine, IX., 173, 17i;.
Samuel Orr, U. S. S.. VL, 310.
San Antonio, Texas: V., 166; VIL,

30; VIIL, 70.
San Augustine Springs, N. Mex. (see

Fort Fillmore, N. Mex.), I., 3.50.
,S'<i« .Jn,-i„t„. V. S. S.: I., 354; VI.,

125, 291. 310.
San Lucas Spring, Texas, VIL, 30.
Sanborn, J. B., I., 147.
Sanborn, W., X., 317.
Sand batterv on Gull Coast, VIIL,

161.

Sand-bag fortifications of Confed-
erates at Y<^rktown, \'a.. L, 365.

Sanders, Capt., C. S. A., VIL, 133.

Sanders. W. P., IL, 34(1; X., 139.

San.lers, W. \V., I., 147.

Sanderson, J. M., VIL, 45, 55.

Sandersville, Ga., III., 33S.

Sands, B. F., VL, 61.

Sandusky I5a\', < )liio: prison at, VIL,
44; F(jrt .lolmsnn in, VIL, 69.

Sanfor,!, E. S., VIIL, 341. 346 .vij.

Sanger, R. F., VIL, 77, 14!l, 167.

Sanger, W. D., L, 348.

Sanitarj' Commission (see al.so
United States >S:init:iry Com-
mission), VIL, 17 seq.

Sanitation: work of, in camp, VIIL,
331.

SantaVe, N. Mex., L, 369.

Santa Rosa, Fla., I., 3.52.

Santa Rosa Island, Fla.: VL, 111;

VIIL, 1.56.
Sanlee, U. S. S.: L, 354; VL, 44, 45,

268, 310.

Sanliai/n de Cuba, U. S. S.: IIL,

342; IV., 21, 133.
Saracens, L, 30.
Siiratai/n. 1'. S. S., VL, 49, 6,5.
Sartoris, Nellie G., IX., 119.
Sas.mcus, U. S. S., IIL, 318, 312.
Satellite, U. S. S., VL, 320.
Satterlee Ho.spital, Philadeljihia,

Pa., VIL, 295.
Saugus, U. S. S.: IIL, .'^O; VL, 130,

131.

Sauiulers, J. C, X., 1.55.
Saunders, 1{., VIL, 139.
Samiders' Cavalr\', Confederates,
L, 3.56.

Saussure, W. D. de, I., 103.

Savage, J., IX., 348.

Savage's Station, Va.: I., 2.88, 291,
293, 301, 323, 324, 335, 327, 332,
366; IIL, 199; V., 30 seq.; VIIL,
356.

Savannah, Ga.: L, 42, 82, 94, .361;
IIL, 214, 221, 224, 336, 229;
ruins at, IIL, 337 seq.. 238;
wagon trains at, IIL, 3.39 seq.,
244; .siege of. III., 340, 345: V.,
164; VL, 17, 23, 24, ,'«, 114, 308,
312; VIL, 86; Federal wounded
at, VIL, 103, 122, 139; VIIL,
220; evac\iation of, VIIL, 334,
336, 337; plantation near, IX.,
53; the capture of, IX., 169, 171.

Savannah, Tenn., L, 198, 203.

Savannah, C. S. S.: VL, 75, 84, 122;
VIL, 34, 47.

Savannah River, Ga.: I., 80; V.,
147; VL, 236; IX., 171.

Sawyer, C. C, IX., 351.

Sawyer, F., X., 337.

Sawyer, Fort, Va. (ste also Fort
Sawyer, Va.), I., 119.

Sawyer, Va., liatter\-, I., 119.

Saxvii. C. S. S., VL, 30',».

Saxton, R., IV., 102.

Scales, A. ,M., X., 381.

Scammon, K. P.: IL, 43, 75; X.,331.

Scandina%'ians: recniits in Wis-
consin regiments, VIIL, 75.

Scarev Creek, W. \ a., I., 348.

"Sceni-s from Soldier fafe," IX., 123.

Scheibert, Major (German En-
gineer Corps), X., 130.

.Scheicr, photographer, VIIL, 171.

Schenck, R. C., I., 30S; X., 185, 206.

Schimmelfenmg, A., X., 393.

Schleiden, Hanseatic Minister, VL,
35.

Schmidt, C, IV., 337.

Schoepf, A. A., VIL, 58, 65.

Schofield, G, W., IIL, 20, 201, 216,

Schofield, J. M.: L, 128; IIL, 100,
108, 124, 132, i;54, 248, 251, 252,
2.54, 255, 2,56, 2.58, 260, 264, 287,
318, .320, 322, 326, 344; V., 216,
254; X., 173, 174.

"School of thr.Sol.Iier," VIIL, 179,sc7.

Schro.-d.T, P., VL, 301.

Schuitz, c;. .1., X., 2.

Schurz, ('.: IL, 19. 1 17, 24(i; IV., 52;
IX., 28; X., 33, 21, 214.

Schwab, J. C., I., 90.

Sehweinler, C, L, 10.

Sciota, V. S. S.: I., 229; VL, 190,
193.

Seollard, C, IX., 68, 69, 70, 71.

Scott, G. W., IL, 69.

Scott, R. K., X., 337.

Scott, R. N., L, 104.

Scott, R. v.. VL, 121.

Scott, S., VIIL, 237.

Scott, T. A.: VL, 24; VIIL, 344, 356.

Scott, T. M.: IIL, 340; X., 271.

Scott, W.: L, 144, 1.50, 170, 174;
IV., 50; v., 18 seq., 80 srq., 92;
VIL, 56, 347; gathers a \v\y gims
in Wa.shington, D. C, VIIL, 70;
IX., 285; X., .56, 164, 165.

Scott, Mrs. W., X., 165.

Scott, W. C, I., 366.

Scott's Bluff, \ a., L, 44; VIIL, 297.

Scott's Run, fight at, IX., 65.

Scouting: IV., 192-196; develop-
ment of, during the war, IV., 192;
mental qualities necessary ior,
as well as ph.\"sical courage and
endurance, IV., 192; value of, to
I'nion cause appreciated by
Sheridan, IV., 194.

Scouts: Confederate under Coop-
wood (Texas), L, 352; IV., 186;
Confederate officers as, IV., 194;
loyal inhabitants of border
states in the capacity of, IV.,
194; Union, employment of,
after the Shenandoah Valley
campaign, IV., 194; Union under
Sheridan, ecjuipment and work
of, IV., 194, 196; guides of the
Army of the Potomac, VIIL, 18;
mounted, VIIL, 261; .\rmy of
the Potomac, VIIL, 367, 381;
Chief Hale and "Tinker Dave"
Beattv, VIIL, 375; Federal,
289; Confederate, VIIL, 395.

Scribuer's Monthlq, IX., 37.

Scruggs, J. P., VIL, 147.

Scudder, IL, IX., 260.

Scully, Father, VIIL, 101.

Scurry, W. H.. X., 1.53.

Sea Power, VIIL, 134.

Sea Wina. C. S. S., VL, 296.

Seahird, C. S. S., L, 356; VL, 264.

Seabrook, J. E., manor house of,
I., .359.

Seabrook Point, S. C: mock bat-
tery at, VIIL, 183.

Seamen, U. S.: number of, at be-
ginning and end of Civil War,
VL, 63; difficulty of recruiting
in West, VL, 63, 210; on Moni-
tnr. VL, 163, 183; Farragut's
opinion of, VL, 1.87; morals of,
on Hartford, VL, 87, 242; on
Richmond, VL, 189; gun drill of,
VL, 192, 263; on Western rivers,
VL, 310, 311, 285, 286; in land
assault on Fort Fisher, VL, 248,
257, 259; number increased in
1861, VL, 262; duties of powder
monkey, VL, 277; anuisements
of, VI.; 278, 279, 281; nationality
of, VL, 279; prize monev of, VL,
281, 286; on Kearsarge, VL, 300;
gunner.v of, on Kearsarge , VI,, 303.

Search-Light Library of New "i ork,
L, 18.

Searcy Landing, .\rk., I., 3()4.
Sears, C. W., X., 375.
Sebastopol, Turkey, I., 239.
"Secesh," Confederate horse, IV.,
81.

Secessionville, James Island, S. C:
L, 366; IL, 327, 329.

Second Bull Hun, \a.: VIIL, IS;
battle ol, VIIL, (i3, 87, 99, 232.

".Second Inaugural Address,"
Abraham Lincoln, IX., 28, 250.

"Second Review of the Grand
Army," V. Bret Ilarte, IX., 35.

Secret Service. Confederate, I., 25;
gallery of, at Baton Rouge, La., I.,
31; Brady under the protection
of, I., 40; IL, 77; of the army
(Union), chief of the, IIL, 3.-;;
C'onfederate photography in. VL,
17; VIIL, 4; preface to, VIIL, II,
14 seq., 19, 23. 24 seq.. 26; of the
Federal armies, VIIL, 201 seq.;
chief and some of his men, VIIL,
363-263, 368; of the Federal
arm.\', VIIL, 266 seq.; organiza-
tion, Feileral, VIIL, 266; agents'
work, VIIL, 272; usefulnes.s,
instances of, VIIL, 278 282. 288,
296, 300, 304; head(|uarters of,
VIIL, 383; hou.se accupied by, at
City Point, Va., VIIL, 383; diff er-
ence between scouts aiul spies,
VIIL, 284; of the Ccmfederacy,
VIIL, 385 seq.; organization. Con-
federate, VIIL, 286; Federa!,Vin.,
302; Federal, excellence of, VIIL,
302. (See al.so "Military Infor-
mation," "Scouts," "Spy.")

Secret societies, rumors of their op-
position t'l the Federal Gi^vern-
ment, VIL, 204.

Sedan, France, battle at, I., 136.

Seddon, J. A., X., 13.

Sedgwick, J.: L, 294, 296, 325, .•{31;
IL, 61, 65, 70, 74, 98, 108, 110;
with .staff, II. , 113, 120, 126, 128,
228, 324, 334, 340; IIL, 30, 34, 36,
40,41, 42, 43, 44, .-)4, .5.5, 56, 70,
318, ,320; IV., 43: V., 16; VIIL,
198, 246; death of, VIIL, 2,52,
298; IX., 193, 197; X., 129, 202.

Sedgwick, Fort, Va. (see also Fort
Sedgwick, Va.), I., 285.

Selfridge, T. O., L, 225: VL, 147.

Selma, Ala. : IIL, 344 ; IV., 136, 139;
v., 166; arsenal at, V., 170;
captured, IX., 247.

Selma. C. S. S.. VI. , 2,52, 2.54 seq.

Seminarv Hospital, Georgetown,
D. C' VIL, 283.

Seminarv Ridge, Gettysburg, Pa..

343, 260.

Seminole, U. S. S., VL, 4,S.
Seminole Indians, IV., 22.
Semmes, P. .]., X., 1.53.
Semmes, H.: V., 158; VL, SO, 387,

389, 290, 293, 294, .301, 302, 304,

320: IX., s,q.. 346.
Scnuiies' Batterv, Confederate, II.,

320.

Seneca, U. S. S., IIL, 342; VL, 312.
"Separation and Reunion," IX., 44
seg.

Sequatchie Valley, Tenn., TV., 214.

"Sergeant and sentrv guard," Long
Bridge, Va., VIIL, 81.

Seven Davs' Battles: L, 83, 1.32,
299, 311, 312 .•■«(;.. 319, 320, 337;
military result of, I.,3:i8, 340, 341,
342, 3(i6; IV., 238; V., 33, 66;
VIL, 233: VIIL, 34(i, .'582; IX., 75.
79, 144 : fightingaroiuid Hichmontl,
X., 64, 142: los.ses .it.X., 142, 156.

Se^'en Pmes. \'a.(see also Fair Oaks,
\'a.): I., 122; farm house at, used
as a hospital, I., 377, 282, 288,
291, 292, 3()4; V., 304, 314; VIL,
102; battle of, IX., 59.

Seventh Street Hoad, D. C, V.,
94, 106.

Seward, W. H.: VL, 35; VIL, 192;

quoted, VIL, 19(i, 205: attempt

at assassination of, VIL, 211;

VIIL, 94. 27N: X., 13.
Sewell's Point. \a.: VL, 164, 16.5,

172, 180; Confederate battery at,

VL, 308, 314,
.Sext.m, J. A., X., 296.
Sext<m, J. W., VIL, 17.
Sevmcnir, T.. IIL, 42, ,50; X., 307.
.S< vme//>-, U. S. S.: L, 3.56; IIL, 318.
Shackelford, .1. .M.: IL, 340, 342,

344, 348; X., 307.
Shaffer, W. H., X., 315.
Shaler, A,: IIL, .50; X., 327.

[3d Ed.]

[350]

SHAM BATTLE

INDEX

SOUTH CAROLINA

Sli:im biiltli' iiiMr Missionarv UiilKO,
Tcnri., VIII., -fOS.

Sliiiiilv, ('. })., IX., 22.
Slmrp", .1. 11., X., -iir,.
Sharpe, tl. 11.; hoisrs c,l, IV., M\;
pul ill cliarj^i' i)f iiiilitar\' iiil'oriiia-
tioii buicau, VIII., Hi*, 2(i."), 270;
li('acli|U;uliMs III, at Braiulv Sta-
tic.ii, Va., VIII., 'JJit, 2S9.
Sliarp.-ibuiK. M'l- l-ii'i' als;) Antie-
tain, .\ld.): I., .'>:!; II., M xcq.. 5»
seq., 70 Sfiy., 7:i ; l.ullicraTi Cluircli,
Main Strwl, II., 7.5. HL' t; IV.. '.12;
v., 72; IX., I'.Mi; X., Ill, 122;
I0S.S0S at. X., 124, 142.

SharpsliODtcfs: at Cjetty.sbiirf;. I'a-.
IX., ^07.

Sliaiip, K. A.. X., -Uii.

Shaw, X., 7.

Shaw, .\. D.. X., 2'm;.

,Shaw, H. B.. .11. 1. in- ..I, VIII., 292.

Shaw. W. H.: I., In. VIII., U. 12.

.Shawnee Mminil, Mm. (.-re alM)
.Millcnl. M..,i. I., :r.i.

.S/(,iic.«.r«, r. S. S.. I., :!.•.(!.

*'Sliebaii^"; I . S, .Saiiitar.v ('i)iii-
iiii.s.sion i|uaiteis at Bfaiul\'
Station, \ VII., 33.1.

SheHi<-Iil, Mr.. attache British
.Miiii,s|,.i. VI., 2.->.

Sh.'ll)V. .1. ().: II., .■ilO, .'ill, 3.52;
IV., 2ii; VI., 22.i; X., 119.

Shellu's ( avalrv, (?onfedorato, I.,
II., .!24. '

Sh.'lln ' ille. Tenn.: I., 13(); II., 17S.

Sli.'llev. ('. M.. X., 153.

Slii'lls: wilh ]ic>b s;niial cavities. V.,
KiS; ellei't V., IMl; Varieties uf,
v., 190 seq.

Shenandoah, C. S. S., VI., 296.

Shi-nnndoah, V. S. S., III., 342.

Shenandoah River, Va., II., 6D.

Shenandoah Valley, Va.: I., 121,
140, 301; Confederate pri.sone.-s
eapttired in, I., 303, :i04 .sr,/., :ii;i;
earii|jaij:r.. I., .•;(17; II., ;i9. ."ili;
Simtlierii rauN ihroiiL-h the, III.,
18; la>t runtlici. ,Tl the. III., IH.)-
10s, 1 111. 1 H ; deva.-talioii in, b\-
the Vin-m ti..np,. III., 1110; IV.,
194; eani|);ii!;ii. V., 27; Si\tli \ er-

mont in, VIII., ti,",. s,, ,S9; e -

paign, VIII., 12S, :i2C.; IX., S7.

Shephard, I, K.. X., •»17.

Shepherd. L. .M.. IX., 19.

Shepherd, X. C. IX., 130. 13><.

Sh.'pherdslowii. Md.. II., 7.i, 7{\.

Slieph- rdsinwii, \ a ; II., 324, 342;
III., 141, 330.

Shepherdsvill;'. K\., IV., 2.')0.

Sheplev, G. V.. X., 'Jit.

Sheridan, P. 1!.; II., 131), 171, 172,
275, 284 Keq.. 300, 31S; III., 20, ,',1,
37, 42, 60, 02, 72, SJ, S4, l.VI, 1,",0,
160, 102, KiS, lOr,. lOS, 19.S, 2,S0,
284, 294, :i03, :!12, 318, 320, 322,
332,342.310; IV., 10. 20, 21, 23,
24. 34, 41. 43, .".0, .")4, 57, 08, 98,
107, 108, 110. 114. 110, 120, 124;
ruins of North Anna Bridge at
end of raid bv. IV., l-J.i. 127. 128,
194, 190, 2o:i, 209, 240. 242, 214,
249, 2,j2, 2.'i.'i. 2,",s: :iiid statT. IV.,
3B0, ?61, 21)2. -UVi seq.. 310; V.,
14, 27; .scout system of, VIII.,
26, 130, 193, 198, 235, 240, 321),
329; IX., 115. 1.55, 243, 313; X.,
19, 40, 9.5, 177, 23S.

"Sheridan's Hide." IX., 70.

Sherman, H.. VI., 200.

Sherman, T. \V.: I., ."s, lis. 3.54.
3.5,5,357; VI., 270, 310,313; X.,230.

Sherman, W.T.; I., 3.5. 5.1. 57, 5s, 59;
closing event of Iti- "ruan-h t'l the
sea," I.,80,si.',90, 1 17, 120, 1 2 1 . 1 2s,
129 Sf^.. 1311. 1 10, 1511. 15(1. JiKI. 2ns,
248; II., 131, 173, isj 191. _'( i( 1. J( is,
212, 292, 29(1; .Vtlantii .■.■ni 1 1 .;i 1 l-ii .

II., 317, 32S, :i:(0, ;i32. :;:;i; raid.
II., :i41; III., 15. 21, 25. 32, 100,
101, ltl4, 1(10 109, lit. Ill, 110,
118, 124, 1211. 12s. 132 i:i4. 137,
183, 210. 212 221. 223, 226-228,
230-2:is, _'H, l'k; l>4s. l'51, 278,
2,80, 2S7. :il(l. 31s. :i22, 326, 328,
340, 31(1; IV.. 19S, 241, 2.54, 304,
v., 40 5(1. 19 1. 204, 208, 276,298;
"Marcli t.) tlie Sea," VI., 114, 207,
221, 230, 2:{il, 2.58; VII., 52, 84,
112, 101 V, ,,.. 175, 182, 203; VIII.,
22; his eriticism of the press,
VIII., 29: arcumulating supplies,
VIII., 31, 1112, 133, 134, 190, 206,
207; ■■Marc-h to the Sea." VIII.,
210, 217, 219, 220; VIII., 238,

240, 248; Georgia campaign, VII.,
219, 2.52, 300, 332 aiq.. 3.3 1.
302; Muoled, IX.. 10, ;53, 64 , 95,
97. Kill, 109, 115, 100, 107, 10s,
109, 170, 171, 235, 201, 295, 304,

309, 312, 314, 317, 318, 323, :i27,
;J12; his opinion of (irant, X., 32,
7.5, 7(i. 7S; ancestors of, X., 78, 79,
.SI); promoted to West I'oiril, X.,
80; life in the South, X., SI); \\U- in
the West, X., SO, 81; adiiiiltc il to
bar,X., SL'; ;is ball kcr, X., S2 ; as hi'
appeared in IS7I1, X., 83; Supciin-
tend<'lit I,ouisian;t .'state .Seiran-
ar\ , X., 84; enters arm\', IsOl,
X.', SO; at Bull Him, X., .80; mili-
tar.\- career, X., SO; in Kentuck.v,
X., SS; made a luivradier-general,
X., 90; .\tlalil:i . :.nipal^li, X., 90;
niilitar.\' iiualiticat ions of, X., 92;
l)rivate i)rop(?rty of, X.,94; de:ith
of, X., 90.

•■Sherman," H, W. Gilder, IX., 100.

"Sherman's Hummers." VIII., 218.

"Shci 111:1 li s .M:irch to the Sea" : IX.,
100 ,s. ./.; X., 75-96.

.Sherncl^ s House, Sharpsburg road,
.M,l , II., 73.

Sherw 1, K. B., IX., 93, 96, 103.

.Shields, ,1.: IV., 1112. nil: X., 195.

Sliields. s. .\.. I., :;(!(,. :;i(i.

Shiloh, ■Vrun.: I., 95, :I7 122, 143;
•The First Grand Battle," I., 193
seq.; the defenders of Grant's last
line at, I., 191 seq., 199; Gen'l
Grant's headquarters on the Ti-
eirean at, I., 'i03; boats that turned
tlie tide at, I , 31(3, 205 ; Feder;d re-
treat from, I., 214, 21s. 221. 230,
300, 307; II., 100; IV., 21 1 ; V., 05;
entretichments, Fedci;il hicLof.at,
v., 201 ; entrenclmients, Federal,
increased usi. of, ;ifter, V., 206;
VI., 216; VIII., 32, 103, 119, 340;
battle (,f, IX., 95, 97, 244, 343,
;i4ll; Corinth c:impaigu, X., 88;
losses ;it, X., 142, 1.56.

Ship Island, Miss.: VI., 186 .<ie</.,

310, 312.

Ship \u. 290. C. S. S., VI., 301.
Shiras, .\. F,., VII., .330.
Sliirk, J. W.: I., 205 seq., 248; VI.,
312.

,Shirlev's residence, '•White House."
Vicksburg, Miss., II., •^01, iory.

'• Shirt-sleeve fighters," VIII., 228.

.Shoes, poor quality of Federal,
VIII., 84.

Short, W., I., 18.

Shradv, G. F., VII., 220.

Shreveport, I,a. ; I., 1 05; VI.,225,2:54.

Shufeldt, R. W., VI., 107.

Shuter's llill, \ :i., V., 90.

Siblev, C. C, VII., 28.

Sil)l,.v. H. H.. X., 2.54, 'J71.

Sickles, I). A.. X., 290.

,Sickles, D, 10.: I., 18, 70, 71; II.,
108, 111, 110 seq., 248, 340; head-
quarters at Trostle's House,
Gettvsburg, Pa., II., 247, 334;
VIII'., 120; IX., 78; X., 181, 194.

Siebert, S. R., I., 42.

Siege gun: new kind of, III., 175.

Siege-trains, V., 'id s' q.

Sigel, F.: I., 132, 307 ,i.v/.; II., 21,
322; III., 25, 140, 144, 2S9, 320,
:J-20; IV., 31: VIII., 30S; IX., :i4S;
X., 189, 214.

Sigfried J. K., X.. 291.

Sia„„l. r.S.S.:III.,318;VI.,221,239.

SigiKil Service, U. S. (see also U. ,S.
.sii^nal Service); Central station
at Washington, D. C, VIII.,
30,5; camp of instruction .at
Red Hill, Georgetown, D. C,
VIII., 306, 307; experts in the
service, VIII., .308, 309; flags used
bv. VIII., 308; instances of
effieient service of, VIII., .309,
317, 319, 321, 324, :?26, 332, :j.38;
towers used bv, VIII., 310, 311,
313, 315, 3'J5. 331. 338; codes of.
VIII., 311. 314, 315, 316; code
system invented, VIII., 312;
Confederate signal men in '01,
VIII., 313: alphabet of, VIII.,
31 1; st:itions on house tops, 317,
337; st;itioti on mountain tops,
VIII., 319, 320, 321, 324; signal-
men at %vork. VIII., 320, 321,
323, .329; station in tree tops,
VIII., 322. 330, 3,38; "striking
the Signal Corps Flag for the last
time— .\ugust, 1805," VIII., 3.39.

•Signal Service: Confederate (see also

Confederate States of .\merina),

VIII., 313, 340; IX., 25.
Sigmding: with rockets or boiulis,

VIII., ;i20; on slii|iboaiil. VIII.,

330, 335; by sea, VIII., 337.
• •Silence" : facsimile of poem writ ten

at .lohnson Island. <).. VII., 135.
Silkworth, W. W., X., 28S.
Sill. .1. W., II., 172, 330; X., 137.
Silver bake, Fla., II., 35(1.
S.leer I,ake, V. S. S., VI., tm.
.Simmons, Colonel, X., 19.
Sinimirnton, (':ipt., VIII., 11.5.
Simins, .1. I'., X., •J<1.5.
Simons, .1., 1., 181 ; VIII., I 17.
.^aiiijisoii, V... VI., _'OII,
Siinp.son, .1. < ;., VI., 2.ill.
Sims, .1., VIII., 151.
Simsport, l,:i., VI., :il8.
S:iicl:,li, \., VI., 301.
SiniioK, II. r.. IV., KiO.
,s;iou^ \\:ii, 1 s(i I : , l,-,i 1 action of life

:iim1 pn.pciu dining, VIII., 79.
SiMcr,' briiN . ( III., 244.
'Six 1 1 mil lie. I. ( 'harge of the." II.,

SI.

Six Mile House, Weldon Railroad,

Va., III., 330.
.Sixth Brigade. IV., 282.
Slack. W. v.. X., 149.
Sl:uiglitc'r, ,1. 1:., X., 321.
Slaughter, ,1. II., III., :i40.
.Slaughter's hoii.se, Cedar Mountain,

Va., II., 29.
Slaughter .Mountain, Va., II., 26.
Slaver\ : not t he South's reason for

fighting, VIII., 116; IX., 294,

310; X., 131.
.Sledil, H.. IX., 190.
••Sledge ot .\;i^li\ illi": name given

to General Thomas, III., 263.
Sleeper, Captain, III., 71.
"Sleeping for the I'4ag," H. C'.

Work, IX., .344.
••Sleeping on guard," execution for,

VIII., 90.
iSleninier, .\. .1.: I., 4. 86, 347 seq.;

v., .59; VIII., 100, 1.50.
.Slidell, .1.: I., 3.54; VI., 291, 298, 299,

310, 312.
Slocum, H. W.: I., 44. :12I, 32S: II.,

108, 110, 24,8, 2.54. .-',31, 310; III.,

138, 222, 232, 244, :i47; X., 1«'J,

177, 182.
Sloo, I., 179.
Slo.ss, R., I., 10.
Slough. .1. B., X., 19.5.
Slye, D. W., VII., l-».5.
Small arms, V.,

Smallpox: deaths from, VII., 320;
hospital barge lor, on the Missis-
sippi, VII., .3'JO.

Smart, C, VII., 224.

Smeed, E. C: V., 295, 298.

Smith, ..\., X., 2.

Sinith, A. .1.: II., 32S; III., 326; IV.,

134; raid in AIissi.ssipi)i, IV., 137;

VI., 227; X., 222.
Smith, A. K., VII., 224.
Smith, A. N., VI., 190.
.Smith, C. B., X., VI.
Smith, C. F.: I., 184, 1.S6 !<eq., 190

.■<eq., 300; V., 42; X., 303.
Smith, C. H., X., 211.
Smith, E. Kirhv: I., 105. lilO; II.,

.322, 352; III.,";M2, 31(1; IV., 211;

v., 70; VII., .50; VIII., 340; X.,

243, 25S.
Smith, G., IX., 297.
Smith, G. A., X., 201.
Smith, G. M., VIII., 251.
.Smith, G. W.: I., 283, 292, 298, 304;

v., 314; X., 248. 2.51.
.Smith. H. B., VIII., 278.
.Smith. H. H., VII., 21.
Smith, .1., VI., .52, 1S4.
Smith. .1. ,\., X., 297.
Smith, .1. B., VI., 102.
Smith, .1. C., I., •J48.
.Smith, .1, n.. v., 71.
Smith, .1. K.: II., 300, 340; X., 291.
.Smith, .1. I., VIII., 151.
Smith. .1. P.. X., 10:{.
Smith, .M., VI., 190.
.Smith, Martin f... I., 232; II., 3.34;

VI., 190; X., 261.
Smith, Morgan L.: I., 304; II., .328;

X. 87.
Smith, \. H.. VIII.. 251.
Smith. 1 1. .1.. VII., 161.
Smith, Persifal, V., 5s.
Smith, Preston. II., 2SS; X., 1.53.
Smith. T., X., 233.
Smith, T. B., X., 297.
Smith, T. C. H., X., 231.

Smith, T. K., I., 248.

Smith, T. ■W,, X., 2.

Smilh, W,:VI., 108, 20S| X., 111.

Sniiili, "W ill," I. 179.

Smith W . li., VI., 102, 301.

Smith, VV. F. ('•Baldy"): I.,51, 264,
325; II., 296, 297, 328; III., 84,
86, 88, 92, 95, 188, 190, 230, 338,
340; v., 31; X., 183, 200, 220.

Smitli, W. ,s,: II., 91, 341, .'WO; X.,
237.

Smith, W, W.: VII., 29; trial of, for

I.ir:ic\ , VII., 31, 47.
Snnlh. [ . S. S., II., 31S.

■s,„,//, /(, „,,,.., r. ,s. s., ii„ :i48.

SiiiiiliLi.iii. K,'c-dvsville, .Md.: field

hospicil :ii, VII., -263.
Smitlili<4<l, \ a.: II., 348; III., 3.30:

VI. , 320.
Smith.sbury. Md., II., 340.
Smyrna Cami) Ground, Ga., I., 353.
.Smyrna or Nickaiaek Creek, Ga.,

III., 320.

Smyth, Sarah A., X., 2.

Smvth, T. A.: Ill , 77; VIII., 102;
X., 135.

Snake Creek, IX., 95.

SnakeCreekGap.Ga.: III., 108, 109.

Snelling, Fort, Minn, (see also
Fort Sni-lling, Minn.), I., 147.

Snickers I crrv. \ a.. III., 1 IS.

Snickers (lap, \ a.. III., :i20, .'528.

Snoikrass Hill, Ga.. II., 282.

Snow Hill, Term., II., 332.

Snvder. .1. M., X., 292.

Snvder's Bluff, Mi.ss., II., 3.50.

Snyder's Mill, Miss., II., 214.

Society of the Army of the Poto-
mac, IX.. 218.

' •Soldiers' Life, "preface to, VIII., 1 1 .

••.Soldier par excellence," IV., 272.

Soldiers: Cnion, out.side the pri.son,

VII. , 67; who escaped, VII.,
137 seq.; discharged, care of,
by sanitary commission, VII.,
340; of fortune, foreign, VIII.,
76; Confederate types of, VIII.,
l'J3; muiiber of, at close of war,

VIII. , 132; digging potatoes,

VIII. , 198; age of, at enlistment,

IX. , 07; cemeteries. IX., im, 281,
283; niiistc'rcd . ii( im-n, IX., .339.

'•.Soldiers' Rest," Alexandria, Va.,

VII. , 331.

.Solferino, lo.s.ses at, X., 140.
Solomon's Gap, Md., III., 326.
Somerset, Kv. (see also Mill
Springs, Kv.) : I., 3.56; II., 332;

VIII. , 229.

Somerset, U. S. S., VI., 314.

Somerville Heights, Va., I., 302.

"Song of the Texas Rangers," Airs.
J. D. Young, IX., 345.

Songs: popularitv of, VIII., 238,
of the War Da\-s, IX., 342 stq.

"Sons of Libertv," VII., 200; VIII.,
294 seq., 300, 302 seq.

Sons of Veterans, X., 290.

Sophia, C. S. S., VI., 310.

Sorrell, G. M., X., 265.

';Soup, Tasting the," VIII., 83.

South: failure of, to w-in the war
due to lack of supplies, I., 88, 90;
weakness of the navy of, I., 88;
subjugation of, by Union block-
ade, I., 90. 92; advantage of, over
North in its railway lines, I., 94,
96; its brighte.st period of the
war, II., 100; resources of, near-
ing exhaustion. III., 278; lack of
sanitary commission in, VII., 340;
VIII., 20; false rumors regarding
strength of, VIII., 22.

South .4frica, British campaigns in,

I. , 84.

South .\nnn Bridge, Va., III., 320.
South .\tlantie Squadron, II., 332:
VI., 311.

.South Battery, Charleston, S. C,
v., 119.

South Carolina: University of, I.,
14; the Hampton legion, I., 295;
Fort Walker, in, I., 357; dev.a.s-
tation in, b\' Union troops, III.,
244, 246; gi'ms at Morris Lsland,
VIII., 00; adoption of blue flag
by, IX., ;S43.

South Carolina troops:

.irtil/eri/: S. C. Battalion,
Charleston, Confederate, I., 366;

II. , 332.

Infiiiilri/: Fir.st, I., 348; II.,
330; Vli., 79, 147; losses at
Manass<as. Va., X., 1.58; losses at
Gaines' Mills, X., 158; Second,

[3d Ed.]

[351]

SOUTH CAROLINA

INDEX

SWAMP ANGEL

South CiirnliiiM \rt>np^ —Cnntiiiued
I., :i.->ll; Tl.ird. I., 31S. 350;

Fimrth, I., :i:>ll; Fiftli, I., 350;
Sixth, I., 3.')(j; losses at Fair
Oaks, Va., X., loS; Seventli. I.,
3t8, 350; losses at Antiotam,
Md., X., 15S; Eighth, I., :(.')();
Tenth, VII., 24!); Twelfth, ln>ses
at Manassas, X,, 15s; I'^nir-

teenth, losses at Gaines' MilU,
Va., X., 1.58; Seventeenth. II.,
191; losses at Manassas, \'a., X,
158; Twenty-first, X., l.'ili;
Twent\'-thir(l. losses at Manas-
sas, X., l.),S; Twentv-fiHirth,

I. , -M)!): Twcntv-fifth. X., l.">(i.
SiHdh Cnrnlina, V. S. S.,VI.,.iOS,:ilO.
South Curolinitin, Cohiniblis, S. C,

IX., 27.

South Mills, N. C. (see also Cam-
den, N. C.),I., 362.
South Mountain (Md. and P;i.):

II. , G4 seq., GG seq., 324; IV., 87;
v., 27; losses at, X., 142.

South Side Railroad, Va.: III., 208,

2.S(), 2!»:i, 294, 305, 307, 311;

VIII., 2.54.
".Southern Marseillaise, The," A. E.

Hl.afkniar, IX., 343.
"Southern Soldier Bo\', The," T.

VV. .\rnistrona, IX., 34G.
".Southerners": at Shiloli, Tenn., I.,

199; in a Union prison, VII., 31.
Snulhfu l I. V. S. S.: I., 35G; II., 352;

VI., S7. 199, 320.
Souiliwi'st Mountain, Va. (see also

C d ir M.iuinain, \'a.), II., 320.
Souihw-^l I'ass. La., VI., IS!).
.Sduihwrstrrn .\rni,\-. X., 274.
Southwestern campaign: map of,

II. , 2.

SpaiiRler, E., VII., 205.

Spanish-American War, VII., 347.

Spanish Fort, Ala.: III., 344; VI.,
25S xrq.: IX., 247.

Spaul.lin«, 1., v., 247.

Spc'ar, 10., X., in.

Spear, S. P.. X., 303.

Spears ,1. C, X., 30.5.

Sp. iir. r, ,1. P., I., 4.S.

Siilinix, i '. S. S.. (afterwards "Stone-
wall:') VI., 299.

Spicer, W., IV., 198.

Spies: in the capital at Washington,
April. ISGl, VII., 192; Sr)uthern,
VIII., 24, 20; women, VIII., 373,
387, 391; causes for execution of,
VIII., 303; executed b.v Confed-
erates at Petersburg, Va., VIII.,
303.

Spinner, Mrs.: houie of, used as
hospital at Bull Run, Va., VII.,
357.

"Spirit of Brotherhood," IX., 195,

329, 331, 333, .335.
"Spirit of Nationality," IX., Hi.
"."^plintir-nettin;;" used on the

[ S. S. Ifirl,mn,„l,Vl., 189.

SpolTnrd. \ a., battery at, I., 119.
Spolsvlvania. Va.: I., 122; II., 331;

III. , 37, 52 seq.. GO, GS, 321); IV.,
:i3, 40, 41, 121, 122, 124, 197, 203;
headciuarters of General Warren
at, IV., 307; V., 21, 27, 214, 260;
scene after the battle, VII., 42, 43;
Confederate prisoners enoamoeil
at. VII., 43, 43; wounded at, VII.,
171, 2.51, 355; battle of, VII., 3K9
se?., 303, 336; VIII., 63; Sixth Ver-
mont at . VIII., 65: battle of, VIII.,
2.50, 353; IX., 77; scene at, IX.,
1.37; "Bloody Angle" at, IX., 1.55.

Sprague, .1. W., X., 91, 331.

Sprague, Kate C, Washington belle,
in camp, I., 38.

Sprague, W., I., 28.

Sprague, Camp, Washington, D. C.
(see also Camp .Sprague, Wash-
ington. D. C): I., 141.

Spring Hill, Tenn.: II., 330; III.,
256, 338.

Spring River, Ark. (see also Salem,
Ark.), I., 3.58.

Springfield, 111.: I., 174; Camp But-
ler, near, I., 175.

Springfield, Ma.ss. : Patriot Publi.sh-
ing Company at, I., 18; armory
at, v., 146.

Springfield, Mo. (see also Wilson's
Creek, Mo., and Oak Hill, Mo.):
I., 3.50, 354; II., 330; IV., 152.

"Springfield" rifle, VIII., 82.

Sproston, J. G., VI., 92.

Stafford, T-. A.. X.. 153.

Stafford Heights, Va., II., 80,,S3, 127.

Stager, A.: VIII., 344, 340 .sv-/.; X.,
337.

Stagg, P., X., 135.
Staiiel, J., I., 309.

Stanley. D. S.: II., 150, 178, 324,

;340; III., 218, 254, 256, 2.58, 262;

rv., 2,54; X., 93, 196.
Stanley, T., X., 237.
Stanley's Cavalry Trooj), Fnion,

I., 3.50.
Stannard, G. .1., X., .307.
Staniiard's Vermont brigade, II.,

264.

Stanton, E. M.: I., 40, 42, 104; IV.,
200, 202; V., 100; war .secret ar\ ,
v., 100, 130, 228, 27.S; VI., lli's;

VII. , 304, 347. :i4N: VIII., 24;
frauds in clothing stopped b.v,

VIII. , 54; frauds of contractors
stopped by, VIII., 84, 348; X.,
13; his opinion of Grant, X., 48.

Stanton, F. L., IX., 332.

Slur of the We.'st, V. S. S.: I., 165,
.346; VI., 24, 308; sent to Sum-
ter's relief, VIII., GG.

"Star Spangled Banner, The," I., 16.

Stark, P. B., X., 277.

Starke, W. E.: II., 63,65, 324; X.,
149.

Starkweather, ,J. C., X., 309.
Starr, S. H., IV., 88.
Stars and Stripes, U. S. S., I., .356.
State Armory, Columbia, S. C, I.,

33. ■
State Governments, uniforming

"three-months' men," VIII., .54.
State University, Va., VIII., 110.
,S/fj^p ofCeorgia, U. S. S., I., 362.
States: the quotas of, VIII., 12;

enlistment from, VIII., 102, 103.

141, 225, 251; of V . S. troops

furni.she 1 by. X., 146.
Staunton, Va.: III., 17, IS; IV., 112.
Stearns, F., VII., 2S2.
Stedinan, E., IX., 24, 5t,, 59.
Stedman, G. A. .Jr., X., 141.
Steedman. C, VI., 121.
Steedman, J. B.: II., 2S6, 2S7; III.,

2.53; IK., 101: X., 135.
Steele, F.: II., 32s, :!43, 344; VI.,

2(i0, 276; IX., 247; X., 175, 176.
Steele, G. R., L, 353.
Steele. W., X., 31.3.
Steele's Bayou, Miss., II., 332.
Steele's battalion. Union, I., 35!).
St-ger, Mrs. T. .M., X., 2.
Stegniaii, Captain, VII., 181.
,St,.gman,L.R.:VII.,lSl,2S9;X.,3.5.
Stephens, A. H.: VI., 2S; recjl-

lections of, VI., 28; VII., 52, 122;

X., 13.

Stephenson, J. A., VI., 192.

.Sternberg, G. M,, VII., 224.

Sterritt, S.. VII., 139.

Steuart, G. H.: III., 64, 70, .320;
VIII., 103; X., 107.

Stevens, A. A., VII., 66, 71.

Stevens, C. H., X., 155.

Stevens, H. C, VI., 226, 316.

Stevens, I. I.: I., 3.55; II., .54, 322,
329; X., 131.

Stevens, J., VI., 136, 138.

Stevens, T. F., VI., 31!.

Stevens, T. H.. II., :il2; VI., 321).

Stevens, W. H., V., 257; X., 313.

Stevens, Fort, D. C. (.see als.j Fort
Stevens, D. C), I., (Hi.

.Stevensburg, Va., II., 350.

Stevens' Gap, Tenn., II., 277, 279.

Stevenson, C. L.: I., 366; II., 293,
302, 334; X., 266, .331.

Stevenson, ,J. D., X., 317.

Stevenson, T. G., X., 1,35.

Stevenson, .Ala.: depot at. II., 1G7;
Fort Barker at, II., H>;. 272, 274,
275, 277; railwa\- statu.n at. III.,
355; Alabama Hou-e at, IX., 99.

Stevenson depot, \'a.. III., 326.

Stewart, A. P.: II., 282, 3IS: III.,
132; VIII., 191; X., 34!», 276.

Stewart, A. T., I., 38.

Stewart, C, VIII., 191.

Stewart, T. ,T., X., 296.

Stewart, W. H., VIII., 191.

Stimers, A. C, VI., 176.

Stockard, H. .1., IX., 276, 279.

Stodder, L. N., VI., 176.

Stoeckel. Baron de, VI., 35.

Stone, C. P.: V., 80 seq.; depart-
ment clerks organize for defense,
under, VIII., 70; X., 31.3.

Stone, D., V., 280.

Stone, H.: Statistical tables of or-
ganizations in Union service bv,
X., 150.

Stone, .1. F.. VII., 135.

St., nr. H., X., :{03.

Stone Bridge, Bull Hun. \a.: I.,

139 seq.. 152 s. q., 1.54. 1G2.
iStone church, Ccntre\-ille, \'a.: I.,

149 .<if4.; VII., '257.
"Stone Fleet," .Second, U. S., VI.,

312.

Stoneman, G.: I., 129, 266, 281, 393,
368; II., lOS, 110; and staff, II.,

III, 328, .3.34; III., 20. 105. 318,
328, 340, 344; IV., 2!. 75, ,S(), 120,
122, 195, 3S7 ■■<cq.. 326; VII., 92;
VIII., 373; X., 194.

St<jneman's Station, stores at, VIII.,
39.

.■^tone^s Ferry, Ala., III., .326.

Stone's River, Tenn. (see also Mur-
frecsboro, Tenn.): I., 207, 367;
II., 9, 161; midwinter combat
at, II., 161-178; battleground
and battle lines at, II., 168,
170 ; I'nion an<l Confederate
plant at, II., 170, 172; victory at,
claimed l^y North .and South, II.,
178; Union and Confederate

10, s.ses at, II., 178, 328; III., 211;

IV. , 241, 254, 263; Federal artil-
lery at, v., 46, 206; losses at, X.,
142.

Sl„„, u;:ll. C. S. S.: VI., 20, 295, 297,

2!IS, 299, 322.
St,>i,,u-all J arks,,,,. C. S. S., VI., 192,

198.

"'.Stonewall' Jackson's Way," J.

W. Palmer, IX., 24. 86.
Stoney, T.. VI., 2(i7.
Stono Inlet. S. C, Confederate

pickets at, VIII., 131.
Stono River, S. C, VI., .57, 316, 320.
Stony Creek, Va., scene near, IX. ,

243.

Ston\- Creek Station, Va., III., 340.

Storey. M., IX., 303.

Storrs. R. S., IX., 334.

"Story of Civil War, The," .lohn C.

l!oi)es, c|u.)|(m1. I., 2S2 x.
Stoughloii. K. II.: II., 331); IV., 167,

171, 17S: X., 307.
Sl.iut. S. 11: VII., 256, 284, 286 .5f(j.,

351.

Stovall, M. A., X., 26.5.

Strahl, ( ). F., III., :i40; X., 157.

Strasburg, \'a.: I., 308, 364; III.,
32S, 332; IV., 102.

Strategy-: its meaning, past and
present, I., 1 12; of the Civil War.
I., 112-131); of the war as af-
fected by natural features of
river, mountain, etc., I., 116.

Stratton, E., IV., 329.

Strawberry Plains, Knoxville,
Tenn.: bridge at, II., .339; III.,
328.

Streights, A. D.: raids of, II., .332;
rv., 34, 280, 282; after escape of,
from Libb\- Prison, VII., 14.5.

Stribling, C. K.. VI., 120.

".Strikers" at hea<liiuarters, VIII.,
187.

"Stringer" track, repairing of, near
Murfree.sboro, Tenn., II., 175.

Stringham. S. H., VI., 100 seq., 102,
115. lis, 26!l. 310.

Strong, C!. v.. X., 1.3.5.

Strong, H. C, VII., 63.

Strong, J. H.. VI., 251. 2.52.

Strother, D. H., X., .311.

"Struggle, the end of the," IX., 230
seq.

Stuart, D., III., 34, ,52, 62, 318.

Stuart, G. H., VII., 17.

Stuart, ,1. E. B.: I., 268, 293, 314,
362, 366, 368; II., 38; raid on the
Union army bv. II., ;5!), 42, .52,
,53, 124, 226, 240 s,q.. 256, 320,
322, 324, 328, 332, :i34, 336, 340,
342, 344, 346; III., 62. .320; IV.,

11, 1(5, 20, 21, -24, 29, 32, 34, 36,
.38, 41, 43, .53, 71, 74, 75, 7(), 77,
78, 79, .80, 82, S3, S5, 86, 88, .89,
92, 93, 96, 100. 106, 108; grave
of, IV., 109 s,;,.. 116, 120, 124;
death of, at \'ello\v Tavern, Va.,
rv., 125. 127. 171. 193. 213, 226,
2,34, 236, 240, 2G2. 2G3, '265 seq.,
266 se,i.. 26S. :i24: V., 37; VII.,
195: c;ivalr\' of, re\-iewed by
Gen'l Lee. VIII., 124, 19(i, 24(3,
2.54 , 295, 319; IX., 83, .85; X., 62,
145. 252.

Stumbaugh, F. S., X., 391.
Sturges, H. L., VI., 312.
.Sturges Rifle Corps, Chicago, III.,
VIII., 4.

Sturgis, S. D.: II., 81, 348; III., 124.

Sturgis, T., VII., 18.

Submarines: origin of, in Civil War,

VI., 2GG, 267; first Confederate,

VI., 274.

.Subsistence, expenditures for, VIII.,
46.

".Such is the Death the Soldier
Dies," R. B. Wilson, IX., 76.

.Sudley Church, Va., I., 15.5.

Sudley Ford. Va.: I., 141, 152, 154,
1,57; II., 51.

Sudley Hoad, Va., I., 1,54.

Sudlej S|)ring, \ a., II., 46.

iSudle\' ,Suli)hur Spring House, Va.,
I., 155.

Suffolk, \ a.: .siege ef, II., 332, 334.
Sugar Creek, .Ark., I., 358.
Sugar Loaf, Md., VIII., 319, 324.
Sullivan, J., VI., 267.
Sullivan, J. C: II., 154; III., 324;
X., 303.

Sullivan's Lsland, Charleston Har-
bor, S. C: I., 103, 165; the wreck of
the " Colt " at, VI., 106, 140, 179;
Confederate officers at, VIII., 115.

Sul|)hur and saltpeter: lack of, in
North, v., 144.

Sulphur Springs, W. Va.: II., 19;
skirmish at, II., 322; bridge at,
III., 328.

Sultana, U. S. S., I., 108 seq.

Summeryille, W. Va. (see also
Cross Lanes, Va.), I., 350.

Summit Point, Va., III., 330.

Sumner, C: IX., 28, 301, 303, 305;
eulogy on, bv L. Q. C. Lamar,
IX., 29, 292 seq.; X., 50.

Sumner, E. V.: I., 260, 268, 294;
at New Kent Court House, Va.,

I. ,'297 seq., 323, 327, 330, 332, 368;

II. , .53, 61, 65, 67, (i8 seq., 81, 83,
84, 86, 92, 94, 97, 100, 324, 328;
batteries of, V., 36, 38; X., 179,
] 88

Sumner, G. W., VI., 265.
Sunmer, "Sanj," VIII., 192.
Sunmer, "Win," VIII., 192.
Sumter, Fort, .S. C. (see also Fort

.Sumter, S. C): I., 4, 156, 176,

346, 349.
Sumter, S. C: I., 165 seq.; V., 151;

VIII., 347; "Terre Plein of the

Gorge " at, IX., 40.
Surrder, C. S. S.: I., 238, 246; VI.,

80, 122, 125, 293, 308.
Sumter, U. S. S.: I., 237; II., 198;

VI., 224.
Supplies: difficulties encountered in

obtaining, VIII., 30, 32; U. S.

army, VIII., 32; for the Army of

West. VIII., 34; White House,

VIIL, 39; at City Point, Va.,

VIII. , 39; Tennessee River, VIII.,
39.

Supply dep.artments, VIIL, 44.

.Supply wagons, VIIL, 53.

Surgeons: of the Civil War, neutral-
ity of, in the treatment of sick
and wounded, VII., 13; supplies
of, at Washington, D. C, VIL,
313; number killed and wounded,
while on duty, VIL, 217; their
work, VIL, 218; of the Union
army, VIL, 331; neutral status of,
recognized, VIL, 228; field com-
panion, VIL, 230; in the field.
VIL, 251 255; working amidst
bursting shells. VIL, 257; with
the navy. VIL, 317-320; regi-
mental.VIL, ,346; acting assistant,
VIL, 346; acting staff, VIL. 346;
assistant surgeons. VIL, 346.

Surgical methods: crude and dan-
gerous to life and limb, VIL, 253;
in the operation field, VIL, 353,
25.3; operations, high mortality
attendant upon, VIL, 255.

Surratt, ,T. H., VIL, 207.

Surratt, M. E., VIL, 205.

Surrender: terms of, as accepted by
Lee, IIL, 310, 312.

"S\irvival of the fittest," II., 135.

Suspension of writ of habeas corpus:
most conspicuous arrest made
under, VIL, 195.

Sus,viehanna, U. S. S.: IIL, 342;
VL, 100, 125, 269.

Sutheriand, C, VIL, 224.

Sutlers: tent of. VIIL, 347; stores of,

IX. , 186, 187.

"Swamp .\ngel": Federal batterj'.
prominent in the bombardment
of Charleston, S. C, V., 110;
most famous gun in the Civil

[3d Ed.]

SWAMP ANGEL

INDEX

TIGRESS

" Swamp AnRol " — Continutd.
war.V.,li6; famousgun to enforce
evacuation of FortSumter, IX., 51.

"Swanee Ribher," S. C. Kostcr, IX.,
34G.

Swavne, W,. X., 85.

Sweenv, T. VV.: II., 152; X., 91.

Sweitzer, N. H , I., 367.

Swift, I., 7, !l. ML'; IV., L'7(i.

Swift Creeli or ArrowlieUl Cluirch,

Vu., buttle :it, III., :i20.
Swift Run Ciii), \ a., I., .'ilO.
Swinlniriie, A. ('.: (incited, on Walt

Whitman, IX., 21.
Swititon, W., I., 2.">S.
SirilzirUiiul. V. S. S., VI., l.il, 318.
Switzler Mills, Mo., II., 320.
Sycamore Church, \'a.: III., 332;

■ IV., 110.
Sycamore Ford, \ a.: I., 31(); IV., 85.
Sydnor, K. (i., VIII., 113.
Sykeg, G.: I., 51, 2s5; II., 110, 252,

340; X., IH3, 200.
Sylvan Crove, Ca., III., 338.
Svmonds, II. ('., V., 21.
Szymanski, I., VII., 112.

T

Tacony, C. S. S. : captured, VI., 292,
294, 318; VII., 123.

Tacoiiij, V. S. S., III., 342.

Taft, William HowanI, President of
the I'nited States: I., 7, 9, 11; his
forewor<l to a semi-Centennial re-
trospect, I., 12, IS; X., 138.

TaKKart, Dr., I., lift.

Tahuma, V. S. S., VI., 314.

Talcott, T. M. R., V., 108, 250,
.304; X.,37.

Taliaferro, W. B.: II., 41, 342; III.,
320; X., lO.'i.

Tallahassee, Fla., III., .346.

Tallahassee, C. S. S., VI., 298.

Tallahatchie, Miss.. II., 200.

Tallahatchie River. .Miss., VI., 208.

Talmage, T. DeW., IX., .304, 310.

Taltv's Fifers and Drummers,
Vill., 335.

Tammany Hall, N. Y. City: contri-
butions to Union cau.se, VIII., 104

Tanner, J., X., 290.

Tappan, J. C, X., 257.

"TastinR the .soup," VIII., 83.

Tattnall, J.: I., .354; VI., 87, 156,
157, 1.H2, 270.

Taylor, "Dick," III., 316.

Taylor, E., I., 248.

Taylor, G. W.: II., 43, 322; .scene
of death, IX., 75; X., 137.

Taylor, .1. C, I., 52.

Taylor, J. H., I., 397.

Taylor, ,1. T., I., 348.

Taylor, N., X., 337.

Tavlor, P. A., VIII., 337.

Taylor, R.: I., 74; II., 331, .332, 336,
,340, 342, .3.50, 3.52; III., 31,S, 346;
IV., 102, 227; VII., .50, 242, 349;
IX., 246, 247, 2S5; X., 249, 274.

Taylor, R. S., IX., 3.50.

Taylor, S. W., X., 161.

Taylor, T. H.. X., 3C7.

Taylor, W.: with Gen'l Lee and his
son G. W. C. Lee, I., 83; X., 63, 67.

Taylor, W. H. H., I., 348.

Tavlor, Z.: L, 174, lOli; IX., 285.

Taylor (a planter), III., 176.

Tavlor Briilge, Va.: redoubt at,
IIL, 69. 71, 74, 7t), 77, 322.

Tavlor Ridge, Ga., IL, 346.

Tazewell, Tenn., IL, .348.

Teague, G. H., VIIL, 1.35.

Teaser. C. S. .s.: VL, 146, 162, 314;
32-pounder of, VL, 77; after cap-
ture, VL, 79.

Teaser, U. S. S., VL, 77.

Tebault, C. H.: quoted, VIL, 292.

Tebault. IL, VIL, 349.

Tecumseh, Chief, IV., 22.

Tecumseh, V. S. S.: VL, 131, 252,
322; IX., 107.

Teel's battery. Confederate, I., 35s,
360.

Telegraph Road, Va.: IL, 81; IIL,
71; v., 260.

Telegraph Service (.see also V. S.
Military Telegraph Service) : dur-
ing the war, V., 290 seq.; opera-
tors, v., 290; service in the field,
VIIL, 322; for the armies, VIIL,
341 seq.; casualties among opera-
tors, VIIL, 342. ,343, 360; tent at
Yorktown, Va., VIIL, 343; tents
or stations useil, VIIL, 343, 34.5,
351; non-military status of opera-

tors, VIIL, 344, 3.54, 364; opera-
tors after Gettysburg battle,
VIIL, 345; oflice at War Depart-
ment, VIIL, .346; cen.sorship.
VIIL, .346: bombproof before
.•suMilcr. VIIL, 347; stringing
wires in I he llrld, VIIL, 349;
(Icspiitrh in cipli. r. VIIL, 3,50;
set\iiT us<'t iihics^, insl;m('cs of,

VIII. ,.f5l.:i:.:i,:!5ii, ;i57,:ios; mili-

tar\ use of, iLr.sl aih.) I. VIIL,

352, 355; cipher nii ssaf^cs irilcr-
cepted and translatni l)\ nppo-
nents, VIIL, 3.52, 3(i2; liatlery-
wagoii near Petersburg, Va.,
VIIL, 3.53; battery wagons,
VIIL, 353, 355; bureau, cstab-
lishmenl of, VIIL, 3.54; licid
hi'Mil' luarters, Pelcrsburg, \ a..
VIIL, 355; before Petersburg.
VIIL, 3.57, 359, 361, 363. 301;
ofhce in a trench, V11I.,3(>5; con-
struction wagon train, VIIL, 367;

field ser\ ii-e, extent of, VIIL, 368;

balloon used HI, VIIL, 3S0. 381.

Templiii, W ., VIL, 117.

Ten Ishiiids. Al.i., IIL, 326.

Teiiii!ill,\ tuuii, n. ('.. v., 94.

Tennessee: I., l,s I'.ili: Union forces
advancing into. I., 31 3; briflge over
lOlk River, 1., 313; wi stern part
of state and itoriions of Missi:i-
sippi unfa\'oralile to :iriii>' mo\'e-
melils, IL, 1 1:;; Army' of, II. ,
UiS; Confederate raids in, IL,
16S: Department of, II. , 290, 321;
Federal sujiply centre in, IIL,
253; destruction of saltpeter
works in, in IStWi, IV., 157; ruins
of saltpeter works in, IV., 1,57
seq.\ copper mines of, V., Kiti;
arin\- roads of, in nortti, VIIL, 36;
defense of, X., 92.

Tennessee troops. Confederate:

ArliUrrij: First, I., 356; Can p
A, v., 65.

Camlry: First, I., 358; IL, 342,
344; Ninth, VIL, 21; Forrest's,
L, 35().

Irifanln/: First. VIL, 272;

IX. , 311; X., 1.56: Secnd, L, 250,
35 1: X., 1,56; Tlunl, L, 3.50. 3^8;
I'ourth, X., 156: iMghth, losses at
iStone's River, Tenn., X., 15S;
los.ses at Chickaniauga, Ga., J .,
158; Ninth. I., 35S; Tenth. I.,
3.56, 3.5S; VIL, 272; Twelfth, I.,
351; losses at Stuiic's River,
Teiui., X., 1.5S: Thirteenth, I.,
3.54; Fifteenth, I., 3.54; VIL, 272;
Sixteenth, losses at Stone's River,
Tenn., X., 158; Seventeenth, I.,
356; lOighteenth, I., 358; Nine-
teenth, I., 356; Twentieth, I.,
356; VIL, 2.56; Twenty-first. L,
3.54; Twenty-second, I., 354;
Twenty-fifth, I., 3.56; Twenty-
sixth, I., 358; Twenty-seventli,
losses at Shiloh, Tenn., X., l.)S;
losses at Chaplin Hills, Ky.. X.,
1.58; Twenty-eighth, I., 356;
Twenty-ninth. I., 356; Thirtieth,

I. , 3.5.8; Fortv-second, I., 3.58;
Forty-fourtli, IX., 311; Forty-
sixth, I., 3,58; Forty-eighth, I.,
3.56, 3.58; Forty-ninth, I., 35S;
Fiftieth, I., 3.58; Fifty-first, L,
3.56; Fifty-third, I., 358; Fifty-
fifth, I., .3.58; One Hundred and
Fifty-fourth, I., 3.54.

Tenne.s.see troo]is, Union:

Caviilri/; First, II.,332; Second,
IL, 328, 332; "mounted infan-
try," IL, 346; Third, IIL, 332;
Fourth, IIL, 326; Fifth, IL, 326;
Seventh, IL, 3.50; Eighth, IIL,
3.38; Ninth. IIL, :i38; Eleventli,

II. , 34S; Thirteenth, IIL, 33s,
Infantry: First, IIL, 32S. 330;

Second, Companx I',. I., .'^'iS: IL,
.336; Third, Ibii.U's Hattiilion. II.,
322; Fourth, II. , .344: IIL, 32s,
330; .-Seventh, II. , 328; Ninth,
IIL, 330; "Tenth Legion,"
Pickett's Division, IL, 261;
Thirteenth, IIL, 330.

Tennrsser. V. S. S.: IV., 1.39; VL, 131,
247, 349, 251. 256. 322; IX., 107.

Tennessee Mountains, camp in,
IV., 113.

Tennessee River. Tenn., Miss., and
K\-.: I.,19S: b,iats.,Ti.L,3l»3;:il'imj:
I he banks of, II., 10: a. Il\ ltl. - on,
IL, 139. 244 sr,i.; at Hriage|i. .rt,
IL, 369 seq.; crossing of, IL,

274 seq.; railroad bridge over, at
Bridgeport, .^la., IL, 275; along
the, IL, 2.89 seq.: gorge in Rac-
coon Mountains. II.,316; Inderal
transports in. IL, 313; block-
house on, IV,, 139; I'ederal com-
missary camp on, IV,, 141; long
tru.ss bridge .Mcross, V., 292: army
boats on Ihr, V., 393; :iloiij/ the,
VL, 69, 2ii'.i, 333, :;is: niipli.s
received In , :iiid on, VIIL, 39;
along thi'. IX., 05, 101; activity
on, in wa i i itnr-., IX., 99.

"Tenting mi I In- Old Camp
Ground," W. Kiilndge, IX., 3 1s.

Tents: used lo shelter ( 'unledi i:iie
prisoners, VIL, 63: "loi tlie over-
flow," VIL, 361; "Silile\."
"Wair'aiid "A " types,, I, VIIL,
39; useil l»\ mo\ ing armies. VIIL,
165; iisi-d in garrison at Charles-
ton, .s, ( • . VIIL, 167.

Terre Pleiii of the Gorge, SuintiT,
S. C , IX., 40.

Terrell, .1. H.. X., 319.

Tern ll. .1. .1., VIL, 292.

'I'. rnll, W, H.: IL, .■i2(i: X., 137.
I . ii\ . A. II.: IIL, 327: V.,2(;'i: VL,
2:is,2 IS, 257, L'.".!l : X., 187,2 1 0, 2 1 2.

Trrrv "Dave," IX., 345.

Terr\ , V,.. IL, 219; naval tiat terv of,
IL, 221.

T. riy, \\'.. X., 331.

Tc rr\'s Texas Ranger.s, C'onfedei-
ate, L, 354.

Texas: niililarv control of, I., 94;
Law's brigade, L, 342; Hood's
brigade of. L, 342, 362; secedes,
I., 3 10; C.Mipwooil's sroiils. ( 'on-
feilcrate, I., :i52: Ten \ 's r;iiij_'rrs.
Confederates, I., 3.54, 302; Ross'
rangers. Confederates, I., 3.58;
Hood's brigade. Confederate,
IL, 4S, 141; r.angers, IL, 320;
brigade, IL, 328; VL, 31(i; V. S.
regulars in. VIIL, 70; troops of,
in the Army of Northern \ ir-
ginia, VIIL, "139.

Texas troops, Confederate:

Camlri/: Second, L, 3,58, 360,
Third, L, 358; IL, 350; Fourth,
I., 358, 360; Fifth, L, 3.58, 360;
Sixth. L, 3.58; Seventh, I., 358,
3iiO: Ninth, IL, 3-50; Eleventh,
I., 358.

Iiifanlry: First, losses at .\n-
tietaiii, rvld., Confeder:ile, X.,
15S; Third (dismounted cavalr\ I ,
X.,150; Fourth. L, 328, 312; lo.sses
at Antict.iiii, Md., X., 158; Fifth,
X., 1511: Seventh, losses at Ray-
mond, Miss., X., 158.

Texas troops: Union:

f'avalri/: .Second, III., 34().

Thatcher, H. IC, VL, 120, 260, 270,
322.

Thayer, .J. M., X., 331.

"The .Aged Stranger," F. P.ret

Harte, IX., 35, 182.
"The .\labama." E. King and F. W.

Rasier, IX., .345.
"The Battle Cry of Freedom," (\.

F. Root, IX., 342.
"The Bivouac in the Snow," M. .1.

Preston, IX., 132.
"The Blue and the Gray." F. AI.

Finch, IX., 28, 270.
"The Bonnv Blue Flag," H, Ma-
earthy, IX., 343.
"The Campaign of Chaneellors-

ville." John Bigelow, quoted, IL,

106.

"The Conquered Banner," A. .J.
Ryan, IX., 238.

' 'The Daughter of the Regiment"
(Fifth Rhode Island Regiment),
Clinton Scollard, IX., 68.

"The l)\ing \\'ords of Stonewall
.lackson," Sidney Lanier, IX., 90.

' 'The I'ailogv of Simmer," L. Q. C.
Lamar. IX., 292.

"The Faded Coat of Blue," .1. H.
McNaughton, IX., 349.

"The Fancy Shot" (see "Civil
War" poem). IX., 202.

"The Feminine Touch at the Hos-
pital," VIL. 367.

"The General's Death," ,J. O'Con-
nor, IX., 74.

" The Girl I Left Behind Me." S.
Lover, IX., 349.

"The High l^ifie at Gett\'sburg,"
W. H, Thomp.son, IX., '214.

"The Mississippi \'allev in the
Civil War," .1. Fiske, IL, KiO.

"The New South, " H. W. Grady,
IX., 304.

"The Picket Guard" r'All Quiet
along the Potomac"), E. L. Beers,
IX.. 142.

"The Prayer of Twenty Millions,"

(Ireelev's famous letter, II., 31.
" I'he Pride of Battery fJ," F. IL

( ;:i^s.iwa,\ , IX., 189, 190, 196, 201.
' I Im I'salm of the West," Sidney

l.iiiii.T. IX., 2S1.
" l lir .Soiiih.Tii M;irseillaisc," A.E.

lilarkniai, IX., 3l:i.
' 'The Soul In rii S,.ldici lioy," G. W.

\riiisii..mr. IX., 340.
" riie Si.„\ of the Civil War," by

.lohii ( '. Hopes, quoterl, I., 282.
' 'The 'roiirnament." Sidney L.anier,

IX., 25, :iO, 2S1. 285.
■■ The \ oi, e of the South," IX., 290,
"The Volunteer," K, ,J, Cutler, IX.,

76,

"The Volunteer," illustration for,

IX., 78, 79.
Tin W'ehh. C. S. S., IL, 330.
"The Year of .lubilee." H. C.

Work. IX., 17.S. 1S3.
"The Zoii.a\es," .1. 1 1. VVainwright,

IX., :w>.

Theobold, F., L, 179,

Thermopvlae, I., 17, ,'{().

Thoburn, .1., IIL, :i38.

Thomas. A., X., 371.

Thomas, "Bill" I., 179.

Thomas, B. .M., X., 365.

Thomas, C, X., 388.

Thomas, E. I.., X., 111.

Thomas, G.. X., 388.

Thomas, G. H.: L, 134, 180, 182;
IL, 144, 1,55, 170, 174, 274 seq.,
288, 290; headquarters of, at
Chattanooga, Tenn.. IL, 391,
296, .301, 328, 3.30, 344, 346; IIL,
101, 106; headijuarters at Ring-
gold, Ga., IIL, 107, 108; head-
(liiarters at Marietta, Ga., IIL,
119, 130, 132, 218, 220, 228, 248,
249, 251, 252, 259, 263 seq.. 264,
269, 270, 318, 320, 322, 326; IV.,
136, 155, 256, 314; V., 48, ,50, 69,
208, 216, 251, 2,54; VIL, 37, 214,
233; VIIL, 192, 196, 207, 210,
238, 2,52, 3,58; IX., 98, 99, 101,
10.3, 115, 266; X., 19, 122, 171,
172.

Thomas. I... VIL, 102. 104, 105; X.,
197.

Thomas. S.. X., 307.
Thomas. Mr., at Cairo post-office,
I., 179.

"Thomas at Chickaniauga," Kate

^ B. Sherwood. IX., 98.
Thanias Freihnrn. U. .S. .S, (.see also

Freeburii. V . S S.), VL, 96.
Thomp.son, C. R.. X., 19.
Thompson. D. L.. IL, (u.
Thompson. E.. VL, 218.
Thompson, H.: VIL, 1!), 18, 24, .54,

98, 124, 138, 156 seq., 8 , 328

seq.

Thompson, J., VIIL, 294. 300.
Thompson, ,1. L.. X., 319.
Thompson, J. M.. IX., ,53, .54.
Thompson, J, R,: "Music inCainp,"

by, IX., 26, 86, 193, 194, 197.
Thompson, M. .J.. VIL, 31.
Thompson, T, H., VIL, 63.
Thomp.son, W. H.: "High Tide at

Gettysburg." IX.,22, 214, 21 5, 21 9.
Thompson Station. Tenn., IL, 330.
Thornburg, Va. (see also Mata-

ponv, Va.): IL, 320.
Thnriie. U. S. S.. VI., 322.
Thornton, G. B.. VIL, 246.
Thornton Gap, \"a., IL, 28.
Thornton's Hou.se, Bull Run, Va.,

L, 155.

Thoroughfare Gap, Va., IL, 39,
44, 46.

"Tho.se Rebel Flags," J, H. .Jewette,
IX., 330.

Three Top Mountain, Va.: IIL,
156, 162, Confederate signals
intercepted at, VIIL, 326.

Thurston, C. W.. VIL, 139.

Thurston. G. P.: L, 14: IIL, 107.

Ticknor. F. O., IX., 22. 61.

Ticonileroqa. U. S. S.. IIL, 342.

Tidball, J. C: L, 385 .s«,.; near Fair
Oaks, Va., L, 287, 3(54; IIL, 76,
2,82; IV., 231.

"Tiger Lilies." S. Lanier, VIL, 124;
IX., 1.S4.

Ti'iress. V. S. S., Gen'l Grant'shead-
quarters transferred to, I., 203.

[2d Ed.]

[353]

TILGHMAN

INDEX

UNITED STATES ARMY

Tilftliiiian, L.: I., 1S2. 1S4, IS.",, 191
se<j.; II., :«4; VI., :.'16; X., 1.51.

Tiniby, T. R., VI., 138.

Times, London: quoted, VI., 38; IX.,
126.

Timrod, H., IX., 27, 48, 49. ol, 274,
277.

Tinclad, U. S. S. : VI., ^32; VII., :«0.

Tin-Chid S. V. S. .S., II., 1:{1.

Tinolads. V. S. .V.: t \'pical example
of, I., 345; fl.-cl of, organized, VI.,
.")S: rfMjiiireiiirnts of, VI. 02; tvpes
of, VI., 305, 208; VI., 3»8,331,
323, 330, 333, 333.

Tinker, C. A.. VIII., 3fr, seq.

Tiploiivillc, T.'iin.: I., 22(1; VI., 218.

Tipt.inville Road. Tniii , I., 224.

Tislir,iiiin'-.'.o Hotel, Coriiitli, Miss.,
II., 138.

' 'To Canaan," S. C. Foster, IX. ,347.
"To the South," J. M. Thomp.son,

IX. , r,2.

Tobacco-factories: use of, for pris-
ons in Richnu)iKl, VII., 38.

Tobev, E. ,S., VII., 17.

Todd, C. (}.. VII., 272.

Todd, .1. B. S., X., 107.

Todds Tavern, Va.: III., 54, 320;
IV., 41.

Tombs, C. S., VI., 207.

Tomlinson, ,1. A.. VII., 31.

Tompkins, C. H.: V., 49; VII., 20'.);

X. , 325.
Tompkins, L.. I., 3,'»3.
Tompkins, Sally L.: established

hospital in Richmond, Va., VII.
2')0.

Tompkinsville, Kv., I., 308.
Tom's Brook, Va., III., 160; IV.,2,")1.
Tom's Brook Crossing, Va., IV.,2.'>0.
Tools: used b.v prisoners in effecting

escapes from prisons, VII., 142,

144.

Toombs, R.: II., 71; most notable
single event in the life of, II., 74
.sc(i., 324; v., 04; X., 3(!3.

Toon, T. F., X., 281.

Torhert. A. T. A.: III., 150, l.i8;
an,l stall, III., 1«7 srq.. .322, 324,
328, :i3(l. 332, 338.; IV., 41. 128,
203, 24."). 247, 351 .fi-q. ; X., 95, 23 v

Torpedoes: removing powder from
Confederate, V., 185, 2!)4; in-
troduced in Civil War, VI., 98,
26('i, 207; use again.st ironclads,
VI., 143; vessels sunkby, VI., 147,
230, 2.52, 26 ), 270; Confedi'rate,
in Mobile Bay, VI., 193, 247,
2.50, 251, 260; Federal use <.f,

VI. , 240, 270; ( 'cmfederate, in
Ossoban Sound, VI., 241; first
victim of, VI., 2()('); Confederate,
in Charleston Harbor, VI., 274,
270; protection against, VI., 319.

Torrence, E., X., 29fi.

Totopotomoy, Va., III., 78.

Totopotoinoy Creek, Va., III., 322.

Toiti-n's battery. Union, I., 350.

Tourev, I., VI., .50.

' ■Tourna-iient, Tlic." Sidney Lanier,
IX., 25. 311, 2st, 28.-,.

Tours, the battle of, I., 3;).

Town Creek, N. C, IIL, 342.

Townsend, E. D., I., 170.

Townsend, J. H., VI., 83.

Townsend, Mar\-, IX., 270.

Toy, C. H.,VIIL, 110, 11.5.

Tr.^bui, G. W., V., «5.

Tracy, B. P., VIL, B5.

Trac'v, E. D., X., 151.

Tracy, W. G., IL, 331.

"Tramp Tramp Tramp." IX., 235.

Trans-Mississippi Arm\-, X., 274.

Transport wagon train. III., 31.

Transportation of wounded; means
employed for, VII., 302; of
Federal sick and wounded: VII.,
302-316; over long distances,
means not provided for, VII., 304;
important letter .showing inade-
quacy of, VII., 304, 306; of
wounded after .\ugust 2, 1802,
great improvement in, VII., 300,
308; act of Congress, 1864, in re-
gard to ambulance service for,

VII. , 310.

Transports: t'. S.armv.sunkoff Don-
aldsonyille,La.,I.,350;on th" Mis-
sissippi, II., 182; ocean liners tiserl
as, VIII., 39, 45; steamers, VIII.,
43; on the Tentiessee. VIII., 45.

Tranter's Creek. N. C. L, litji;.

Trapier. .1. II., X., ''S.'!.

'■Trav..|l.-r'-: < lior~e. IV., :")\;
drsrribedl.x i:en.Lec,IX,.120,121.

Travers, T, R., VII., 133.

Tra\ersi s: at Fort Fisher, N. C,
VL, •^55.

Trawick, W, B., VII., 147.

Tredegar Iron Works, Richmond,
\'a. (see also all under Rich-
mond, Va.):V., 191, 307, 317;
VL, 70; ruins of, VIIL, 133.

Trenchard, S. D., VL, 113.

Trent, W. P.: IX., 7, 11 seg.; quoted,

IX. , 38; X., 7, 28, .52-74.

Tn>il. H. M. S.: L, 354; VL, 291,
310.

Trent's Reach, Va.: L, 119; IIL, 97;

v., 243; VL, 205.
Trevilian Station, Va.: IIL, 198,

321; IV., 23, lOS, UO, 128; X., 284.
Trezevant, J. T., V., 170.
Tribble, A., IV., 1.54.
Trimble, t, R.: L, 366; IL, 29, 44:

X. , 105.

Trimble, H. M., X., 284, 290.

Trinity, Ala., L, 308.

Trinitv College, Hartford, Conn.,

L, 17.
Trion, .\la., IV., 140.
Tripli-r. C, S., VIL, 219.
Triplet I lirirljre, Kv., IL, 3:?0,
'J'nslrnn, Shnn.lii. C. S. S., VL, 273.
rnslnun SI,,,,,,!,;, V. S. S., IIL, 342.
Trobridge, N. C.. VIL, 133.
Trogan, losses at, X., 140.
Troop, J., IV., 166.
Troojjs: furnished to Union Army

bv States, X., 146.
Trostle farm, Pa., IL, 238.
Trostle's hou.se, Gettysburg, Pa.:

Sickles' headquarters at, II. , 347.
Trov: ancient wars of, outlined, I.,

30.

Trumbull, T. .S., IIL, 186.

Tucker, IL J., IX., 217.

Tucker, J. R,, VL, 102; VIL, 210.

Tucker, J. T., VIL, 30.

Tucker, W. F,, X., 275.

Tulane University, New Orleans,

Lti.. VIL, 3,52. '
Tulip. V. S. S., VL, .322.
Tullahoma, Tenn.: IL, 178, 340;

v., 48; IX., 99.
Tunnel Hill, Ga.: IL, 348, 350;

IIL, 107, 31,S.
Tunneling: a means of escape often

resorted to h\ prisoners of the

war, VIL, 140: 142, 143, 145, 147.
Tunstall's Stati<in, \"a.: I., 51, 316,

.366; IV., 75, 121.
Tupelo, Miss.: IIL, 128, 320; IV.,

132, 134; ruins of, IV., 137 mq.
Turehin. ,1. B., X., 91.
Turk.-v Hill. \'a., I., ,'542, 343.
Turner, H. E., L, 395.
Turner, J. W., X., 301.
Turner, R., VIL, 00, 94, ISO.
Turner, T. P., VIL, 57, 60, 01, 94,

l.SO.

Turner and Crampton Gap, Md.,
IL, 324.

Turner's cavalry. Confederate, I.,
3.54.

Turner's Gap, Md., IL, 06.
Turrets: revolving, VI. , 38, 107, 200;

Timby's patents for, VL, 138;

first test of, in battle, VL, 159,

161,

Tuscaloosa, Ala,: IV., 136, 140;

VIL, 38; prison .at, VIL, 78.
Tiisc'iloosa, C. S. S.: VL, 290.
Tiisrirnm, U. S. S.: IIL, 342; VL,

290, 393, 300.
Tusi umbia, Ala.: IL, 332; VIL, 145.
Tusr.,„,l,in, U. S. S,, VL, 206.
Tutlle. .1. M,, X., 305.
Twigirs, D. !•;.: VIL, 26; X., 363.
Tvbee Island, Savannah harbor,

Ga.. VL,3I0.
Tqcnin. U. S. S.. IX., 95.
Tvler, D.: L, 138, 150, 151 seq.,

15 i, 1.54, 163; X., 197.
Tvler, F. B.: IL, .340; IIL, 65, 153;

X., 231.

Tvler. R. C: in., .340; X., 297.
Tvler. R. ( ),, X., 197.

Tvl.'r. Gi-ii'l, X., 19.

T\ h r'^ Comicctieut b.attery fseeal.so

Conni-ctieut battery): IL, 87.
Tvler's heavy artillery division,

X., 119.

T\ lcr, Texas: pris.m at, VIL, 49, 51.

Ti/lrr, r.S. S.: I., 1,89; flanking fire
on the Confederate troops, I. ,19.3,
19-.. 201. 2ir, s,q.. 223. 356, 358,
.311'), 305. 3(1S; IL, 190, 198, 340;
VL, 21 1 sr,,.. 221. 312, 310.

T\ son, surgeon, VIL, 226.

u

Uhlster, W. F,. IX., 217.

Ulln.ari, D,, X., 3'37.

Una.lilh. I . S. S.: IL, 330; IIL,
342; men on the, VI., 271.

Underwood, Capt..C. S.A.,VIL,133.

Underwood's farm, Mo., I., 352.

Limlirii ritcr. U. S. S., VL, 320, 350.

Uniforms: of different States, U. .S.
Arniv, VIIL, 78; variety of, VIIL,
78. 80, 95, 151, 1.59; Confederate
change, from gray to brown,
VIIL, 120; Confederate lack of,
VIIL, 139, 142, 151, 156-157,

I. 59.

Union: the blockade by, as a means
of overpowering the South, I., 90,
92; plan of war, four main ob-
jectives in, I., 90; forces and
hj.sses of, during the war, I., 102;
supplies, amnumition, etc.. cap-
tured at Manassas by, II., 41, 44;
troops, losses of, II. , 81; army re-
lie\'ed of its perilous situation,

II. , 290, 297, 299; campaign,
plans of, in .-^pril, 1804, by U. S.
Grant, IIL, 14, 15, 10; posses-
sions, Aijril, 1804, IIL, 15, 10;
transports, organization and ef-
ficiency of, IIL, 31, 33; canvas
pontoon boats in 1864, IIL, 131;
troops, gradual withdrawal of, to
other points from the capital,
IIL, 1.53; cavalry, its successful
operations in the "A'alley" in
1864, IIL, 107; abundance ver-
sus Southern starvation, IIL,
1.S2; recruits, city and country-,
compared, IIL, 272, 273; arid
Confederate armies, losses of, in
the war, IIL, 347; supplies, great
wealth of, August, 1802, IV., 95;
fleet steaming up the Alabama
River, IV., 138; blockhou.sea
along railroads as means of pro-
tection to lines of comnnmica-
tion, IV., 149, 151; loss of sup-
plies, estimation of, in the g'vat
raid by General Wheeler, IV.,
164; ammunition-train, right of
way afforded to, IV., 210-217;
cavalry completely subordinated
to infantry in first half of war,
IV., 220; "ram flotilla, VL, 314;
surgeon.s-general and their work,
VII., 347, 348; fleet bombarded
b\ Confederate battery, VIIL,
1()7; soldiers. 1865, IX., 339;
percentage tab'es of losses in
battles, X., 124; armies, lo.sses,
X., 148; army tabular statements
of. X,, 15(1; arm>', regimental
easiialiics o!, X,, 152 seq.; cas-
ualties of regiments during entire
term of .seiviee, X., 154; reserves
on picket duty, X., 388, 289.

Union, Louflon Co., \'a., IL, 320.

Union. U. S. S., VL, 308.

Union battery. No. 1, two miles

below Yorktown, Va., I., 269.
Union battery. No. 4, Yorktown,

Va.: L, 353, 255.
Union Church. Va. (see also Cross

Ke\ s, \ a.l, I., 360.
Union City, Tenn., IL, 3.50.
Union Mills, Va.: L, 161; IL, 43;

O. & A. Railroad at, V., 283;

bridge at, V., 385; regimental

headquarters at, VIIL, 339.
Union Pacific Railroad, V.. 72.
Union Square, New York City.N Y.

great mass meeting at, X., 14.
Unitmville, Tenn., IL, 330.
"United," by B. Sleed, IX., 190,

191.

United Confederate Veter:uis, I., 19.

r.fniVcrf .SMcv.U.S.S., VL. 19. 44, ,54.

United .'States .\rmy: artillery cjf, be-
fore Chancellors\'ilIe, ^'a,, I., 58,
59; ntimber iinisterefl into, I., 102;
vital records nf, I., 102: War De-
part men I, I., 102 .v. (/,; fleet that fed
the army, I., 315: cavalry in the
Civil War as model for European
nations, IV., 10;record and pension
office, statistics of Confederate
prisoners, VIL, 43, .50; cotnmis-
sary -general of prisoners, VIL, 53;
eomrnissarv-gener.al of jtrisoners,
ofTiec of, Washington. I), ('., VIL,
83. 349; sm,|ilirs of. in the laist,
VIIL, 32; in the fiel.l. VIIL, 32;
supplies of, in West, VIIL, 32;

paint shop, VIIL, 40; trimming
slujp, VIlL, 40; field repair train,
VIIL, 40; rei)air shops, office of,
VIIL, 40; wheelwright shop,
VIIL, 40; quartermaster's de-
Iiartment, responsibility of, VIIL,
44; transports, VIIL, 45; subsist-
ence department, its responsibili-
ties, VIII., 46; Washington, D.
C., advantages in, transportation
service, VIII., 46; wagons, VIIL,
47; quartermaster-general, effi-
ciency of its railroad transporta-
tion, VIIL, 48; government lum-
ber yard, Washington, D. C.,
VIIL, 51; government clothing
of. VIII., 54; quartermaster's
department, Washington, D. C,
uniforming men, VIIL, .54; War
Department, efficiency of, VIIL,
56; di.shonest army contractors,
VIIL, .54 , 50; preparations to
defend the capital, VIIL, 70;
organizing in the West, VIIL, 71;
military cadets drilling artillery
raw recruits, VIIL, 70; variet.v
of imiforms, VIIL, 78; various
gunners' uniforms, VIII., 78;
frauds of contractors, VIIL,
84; quartermaster's department.
VIIL, 344 seq.: age of enlistment
in, VIIL, 190; summary of or-
ganizations in, X., 1,50; casualties
of regiments, X., 154; roster of
general officers, X., 301.

Engineer Ciirp--: bridge build-
ing by, IL, 19; problems of, in
Civil War, V., 222; inception of,
v., 224; reorganization of, V.,
224; Company B, V., 225; com-
po.sition before 1861, V., 226; at
Harper's Ferry, Va., V., 228;
Peninsula campaign, V., 228;
topographical engineers before
Yorktown, \'a.. V., 329; Corps
of, v., 339, 232: at Antictam,
Md., v., 232; in Chancellorsville,
eamjiaign, V., 232; reorgani-
zation of, v., 232; at work, V.,
2.33; at Cold Harbor and .James
River, Va.. V., 240 seq.; Com-
pany D, in front of Petersburg,
Va., v., 247; Engineer Cf)rps at
Arlingt(m Heights. VIIL, 89.

ArfiUinj: L,58, 59; McClellan's
Hor.se.\rtillerv brigade, officers of,
I., 287; Randolph's Battery, I.,
354; Tlioiripson's Batter>-, I., 354;
IL,324: iiegular, V., 18 seq.

First, Battery A, I., 3.52, 3.54;
Battery B, V., 151; Battery F, L,
3.54; Battery G, I., 86, 346; VIIL,
150; Battery T„ I., 354; II., 326.

Second, I., 348; V., 33: Battery
A, v., 33; Battery B, IL, 336;
Battery C, I., 3.54; Battery D, L,
23, 33, 350, 302 ; IL, 328; Battery
F, I,, 350: Company E (colored),
IIL, 328; Battery F. I., 350;
Battery F let.lored). IIL, 324;
Battery F. V., 37: Battery G. L,
3.50: Company II. I., 3.52; Battery

H, L, 3.54; Battery K, I., 354;
Battery L, IL, 336"; Battery M,

I. , 3.50,

Third, Gibson's Battery, I.,
281; IL, 350; Batteries C and G,
v., 33; Battery C, VIL, 169;
Battery E, I., ,'348, 350, 366; IL,
.326; v., 14.

Fourth, v., 14, 15; Battery E,
I., 3(30, 306; IL, 336: Battery G,

I. , 3.52; Battery K, II. , 344.
Fifth, I., 300; barracks of

nea\\' ,'\rtiller\' fcftlored"), II.,
20.7; Tl.,35(l: V., 35, .38; VIIL,
193; Battery D, I., ;«0; V.,21;
Batter\- F, I., 304; Battery L,

II. ,330; Batter\- (colored), IL,
.•i04; Battery L. IL, .336.

Eighth (colored!, IL, 3.50.

Carnlnr First, L, 350; IV., 23
seq., 40, 47: X., 60; Secf)nd, Com-
pany B. L, 348; IL, 330; IV., 32,
35, "46, 190, 213, 21.5, 242, 244,
337; X., 58; Third (colored,! IL,
348, 3.50; III., 342: IV., 46;
Fourth, L, 356; Fifth, L, 289,
IL, .3.30: (col.ired). IIL, 332; IV.,
47. 8.-.; C,.iiipaii\ B. rV., 313,
220, 221 : oHi. 11^ of, IV., 223, 225,
229: .'-ixili, II. , .{.iO: (colored),
IIL, 332: IV., 40. 47, 88, 243;
Eighth, L, 112,

Chasseurs: First, Union, I., 350.

(2d Ed,]

[354]

UNITED STATHS ARMY

INDEX

VOLUNTEERS

United States Army — Continued.

Drauoons: First, IV., 22, 23, HI,
244, 316; .Secoiul, W., 22, 24.

Mounted Rilhs: Tliiril, I., :i.")0.

Infiintnj: First, I.,:i.").S; II.,,-i;i2;
Secotul. I., :{4.S, •■(">(»; VIII., :iO.S;
'I'hinl, I., 348; (•(iiiiiiaM.\ C, I.,
3,')2. 3.")4; Ci)inpiinv M, I., 3.')2,
3.'j4; Killli, I., 3.>S; II., 3.32;
Scvciilh, I., 350, 3.")S; KiKhth,
CompaTiv A. I., 34(5, 34S; c )1-
ortMl, II., :i.5l); Ninth (colored),

IX. , :i.")2; lentil, I., 3,").S; Eleventh
(';uii|) of, at Alexandria. \'a.,
VIII., •!!!, '!»; stalisties ot
losses. VIII., 223; ThirlceTilh.

X. , Ml; colored. IV., 1113; Four-
teenth (colored). III., 33.S; Fif-
teenth. I., 301); F.iKhteenlh. II.,
321; X., 121; T\venl\ -sixth (o il-
orrd). III., 310; rwenlv-Tniith
(c .loM'd). III.,202;'l'lurt.\ -scoiid,
:i II); rlnrl \ -I liird (c .lore.l). III.,
310; ■I'lul-u'-fiiurth (r .Imvdl, III.,
:ilO; ■niMi\ -lilih ((■ .luivdi, III.,
:ilO; Furl\-louiili d-olored). III.,
:!:i2; Fnrl\ --.■vein li (c >li,re<l), II.,
HIS; l''..ii \ -rum h (ciiiorcd), II.,
3.".0; rilu-luuitli (colorcil), II.,
it,-)!!; I'lllx^lillli l.olnivd), III.,
321; I'llu -iiinili ir ,1. ,-,■<[,. III.,
321; .'^iMi.'ili (c III.. 32S:
Sixty-lirsl (e ilorcd). III., 330;
Sixty - second (e ilored). III.,
:i3s.31li; Scvcntv-iiiiilh (c )!ored),
:i:.2; III., 332; losses. X., l.vl;
l'i.jlii\-M'rniidleiil..n'il),III.,3:i2;
\iri. l\-v.T ,iid (c )Iorc.l). oltic-crs
ol, VII., 117; due hundr.-d and

sc, 1 (c .lored). III., 34(1; One

liiin.lird ,1,1(1 sixth (c .lorcd), III.,
332; Oiii' hundred and leiilh
(C')loreil). III., 3:12; dne Imndreil
and foiuti-enth (c .l..rc<l). III.,
;332; One huiidi ■ I and twenty-
seventh (c ifinih VII., tio.

Sharp-^hnnt, rs: I 'n si , I., 304;
II., :34(1; S, .' .lid. III., 3.f2.
I'nited States ('liM^iiaii Conmiis-
sion; amount of iiioric\ raised b.\-,
VII,, 17; nieaiiiiiL' ol oi L'anizaf ion,
VII., 17; work of, VII., 322 s,,/.;

office of, VII., :i:>, :n;s; heati-

qnarters of the. in tlie field. 1S()4,
VII., 337; distribution of supplies
at White House, Va., VII., 343,
343, 311.

United SiatesCoastSurvey: V.,2.t1.

I'nited Slates General Hos|)ital,
JetTeisoiivilie, Ind.. VII., 314.

I'nited Slates Marine Corps: offi-
cers and pri\ati s of. VI., OH, 09.

Unitcsl States M.arinc Hospital.
Evansvillc. Ind.: VII., 333.

United States .Medical Department:
type of hospit;il rec .niniended by,
VII., 214; Arni,\- of the Cumber-
land, niedie;d dire lurs of, VII.,
21(i, 21.N SI'/.: personnel of, before
the war, VII., 2211; reduction in
niimliiTs of. at outlirf';ik of war,

VII. , 2211. 222. 23i;. 3ir..vc,^.; medi-
e;d insperlor,. VII., :!ti;.

United Stales Milit:ir\ .Vcademy:
Cla.ss of ISIIO. VIII., 1S.5.

UnitedStates Milit:iry liailway Con-
struction Cor|)s: l)iire:iu of niili-
tar\ raihv:,\ s. XL, 12.".; V., 12.37.5,
377, 379. '.'SI, 3S,). 3H7, 3^1, 2!l,5;
swill rep.air work ot, V„ 390, 301.

fiiiled States Military Telegraph
.Sei \ i ■(■ (see :dso Telegraph .Ser-
\'ii ei: (■ ci^t ruction c irps. I., 41;

VIII. , 3 12 319; striimin':
wares ill the tii ld. VIII., 349. 3.51;
Citv Point, Va.. VIII., 3.59, 301:
in Hichinond, Va.. VIII., .'JOS;
tr:iin in Richmond at last, VIII.,
307.

United .States Xa\'\' (see also
Na\'\'l: VI., 32. 40; ori£anizati;jn
of the. VI., 40 s,,!., 110; first ex-
pedition of the, VI., 'J2 seq.: sur-
geons of, VII., 318; signalmen,
VIII., 335.

United States Sanit;iry Commis-
sion (see als ) S:imt:ir\ Coinniis-
sion): VII,, 17. I"., r,s. 73, 134.
104, 171, 210; :,i !■ ledeiirk^l.urg,
Va.. VII., 3liS. 2S7, 2'i-. uoik ..f,

VII., 322 -r,,.; cellll l' otiie ■ of. in

Washiii-ioii. I). C. VII. .:{••». .-rji;
ollii-i-r- :iiid nurse-, al I'lederirks-
burg. \ ;i.. VII., 330; Helle Plain,
\'a., supply wagons. VII., 337;

origin iind organization of, VII.,
;52S seq.; and other relief agencies,

VII. , 32.S ;i 1 1 ; its origin, organiza-
tion ;ind scope. VII., 32S; nurses
of, VII., 339; •Home" at Wash-
ington, 1). ('.. VII., 331; reeeipt.s
of, from fairs held. VII., 3:i."),
330, 33,S; liistorx' of I he. VII., .3 17.

United States Signal Service
(see also Signal Servic'c): sig-
nal corps ollicers, VIII., 13, ;iO.")
seq., ;i()7 .sc(/. ; high iiioi1;ditv
rate in, VIII., 307, 3ls. iiL'S;
experts of, VIII., MtH, :«)9, 312
.v«(;.: aiilhoriz.Ml. VIII., 311;
organiz:ition ol. VIII., 31 I; com-
lliallilers ol, VIII., 311; he:id-
cpiarlers. VIII., 317. 327; olli. ers
of, VIII., :{37: ollirel-.. \rin,\ of
the Polomae. VIII., :f27; signal-
ing from Meade's lie;id(|uarter.s,

VIII. , .339; liead.|u:irters, Wash-
ington. I). C. VIII., 333; mus-
tering out the caps, VIII., 3:59.

UniversalitN' of n lii-l i-si ;il .li.slied li\'

s;iiiit:!r\' commission. VII., 3;iii.
C/MiM V, ,'[-. S. S., the largest of the

r. iiiiessee River fleet, I., 303.
I iiivei Miy of fleorgia, IX., 27.20.31 .
Uni\'ersii\ of l.oiiisiaiKi. X., 2.S. S4.
Uili\'erMt\- ol South Carolina. I., 1 I.
I nivcrsilN of \ irgiiiia. VIII., 114.
University of Washington and Lee

(see also Washington and Uee

Itniversitv), I,, 17.
Uppcrville. \'a., II., 330.
I pton, K.: III., .".7. .'iS. 00; IV., 138,

148; VIII., 190; X., 130, 337.
Utah, Military District of, I., 197.

V

^•allandigham, C. L.: VII., 202;
arrest and sentence of, VII., 204.

"Valley Campaign": I., 30.5; pris-
oners and supplies captured in,
IV., 2.52.

Valleii at!/, V. S. S.. I., 3.56.

Valley of Virginia, battle of, VIII.,
ll(i.

Valle\- l!aiIro;id. Va., V., 290.
Valver.le, lou t , N. Mex. (see also

Fort Valvcrde. N. Mex.): I., .3.58.
Van Brunt, G. J., VI., 100, 13.5,

174, 176.
Van Buren, W. H.. VII., .330.
Van Cleve, H. P.: II., 174, 170, 284;

X. 319,

Vanderbil't, C: VI., 309; IX., 297.

Vanderbilt, Captain, New York
Tenth Cavalry, quoted, IV., 20,

V.,H-/cW,i7(,U.S.S.:III.,342;VI.,30».

\ an Dervoort. P., X., 290.

\-ari(lewater. .1.. X., 388.

Van Dorn, E.: I., 20(i. 209. 2.50; II.,
143 seq., 183. 190. 200. 204. 324,
328, 330; IV., 19; c;ipturc. 110,
133, 263; V., 70; VI., 308; VII.,
2S, 30, 233; X., 3.51. 270. 272.

Van Duzen, J. C, VIII., 358 seq.

Vannerson, photographer: IX., 123;
X., 63.

Van Norman, I,. E.. I., 10.

Van Ranssplaer, H . I., 170.

Van Sant. S. H., X., 290.

Van Wilkenliergh. T. S,. VIII., 302.

\:in Valkiaiburgh, 1)_ 11.. I., 295.

\'an \'insoii. VII., 13.5.

Van Wyck. C. H.. X., 339.

Vacpiin. E.. VIII., 109.

Varnells Station. Ga.. III., 320.

Viu itiia. V. S. S.. VI., 190. 191. 19.S.

\'aruna Landing. \a.: pontoon
bridge at. IV., 189.

\ aughan. .). C: III., 322; X., 399.

\ aughn, A. .L, X., 399.

VaughtsHill. Milton, Tenn.,IL, ,332.

Veat:ch, J. C, X., 87.

Veazv, W. G.. X., 290.

Veiiable, R. M.. I., 10.5.

r. '/«s. C. S, S.. transport. I\'., 103.

Vera Cruz. Mexico. VL,45; X., 58.

\'er;inilah House. Baton Rouge.
La.. II., 134.

Vermont: population of, in 1800,
VIII., 58; number of troops fur-
nished, VIII., .59; number of
troops lost, VIII., 59; quota in
Civil War, VIII., 05; uniform of
_ troops, VIII., 78.

\'ermont troops:

.1 ;■//.■ I'irst. Heavy, IX., 138.
Cnrnlru: First, IV., 104 , 2:50,
2:i2; .Second. I., :-ils.

Irifinitn/: Vermont Brigade. X.,

117; Stannard's brigade, II., 264;
First Brigade, v., 31 ; Camp Grif-
fin, near Washington. I). ('., IX.,
138; Second. IX., LiS; X., 124;
Third. I., :i50. :iOO; IX., 138;
Fourth. I., :iOO; IX., i:i8; I'iflh,
II., 330; IX.. Lis, 1.54; los.scs, X.,

I. 54; Sixlh. I.. :iOO; near Wash-
ington. I), C.. VIII.. .57; I and D
Companies. VIII.. 04; bi'fore
Camp Grilliii. Wasliiiigtori. I).C.,
VIII., 05; IX., Lis, :il7; .Sevenlh,

II. , 320; III., .332; Eighth. IL,
3:iO; losses, X., 1 ,52 ; .Xnit h, IL,324,
318; hospital of, at New Berne,
N. C. VII., 331; IX., 1.57.

r<Tm.-«;, u. s. s.. VI., 127.

"Veterans of the war"; return of,
to civilitin life. III., 345; organi-
zation of, X., 290.

Veterans, Uiiiteil Coiilederale (see
also United ( onledeiiit, \'eter-
ans): I., 19, iiinied ( outederate

\ eter:ilis, eoii-1 it iili .1, X., 298;

Coiileilenil.-, reunion of. X., .300,

"N'llibard" eneme, V., 387.

X'ilibard draw of Long Bridge,
Washington, D. C, Federal lOn-
ginei^rs at, I., 131.

\'ic-ksl,iirL'. Miss,: surrender of, I.,
OS. 77 ,s'v.; ('amp Li.^k. Lour
Mill- liridge ill, I., I(»8, 12 1 ,o./ .
120, 132, 182. 1S7. 22:i. 231. 3»9
seq.. 305, :ii'iO. :iON; II., 9. Li 1 ;
sieges of. II., 179. 181. Is2.
183. 188; prelimina i\ operations
around, 1 1\ 1 he e, iinLined lon'i s
of FarraL'iil . Porter and William-.
II., 190; view of. taken under lire.
II., 193; coiirtlio,i,e lit, II., 193;
preliininar\- operations againsl,
part of ri\-er steamers in. II., Itll;
strong Confederate fortifications
around, II., 195; condition of
Union and Confederate forces,
etc.. at siege ot. II.. 197; lirst plan
of U. S. Grant to lake, a failure,
II.. 200; work of undermining the
defenses around, II., 201; fall of,
on same date as the surrender of
Getty.sburg (,July 4, 1803), II.,
203; monument marking s|iot
where Grant and PemliiTton met
to confer on surrender. II., 30;i;
two other projects by t'. S.
Grant to take, and their failure,
II., 206; third project of U. S.
Grant to take, and its success,

II. , 200; levee at, II., 307;
I'nion and Confederate losses at,
and at Fort Hudson, II., 220; fall
of. and of Fort Hudson, II., 220,
204, 294, 328; siege of, II., 334,
340, ,341, 348; expedition from,

III. , .326; IV., 49, 117, LSO, i:«,
175; v., 46; artillery. Federal in,
v., 46 seq.; losses at, V., 48; forti-
fications around, V,, 305; Con-
federate works behind, V., 305;
water battery that defended,
v., 305; ".Sap .and Coonskin
Tower" at. v., 309, 216, 251, 2.54;
VI., 81. 114. 14S. 149, 1.50, 195,
201, 200. 207. 309, 222, 227, 232,
314, 310, 31S; VII., 99, 102, 104,
112, ns; "Hiding the Sawbuek"
at, VII., 191; provost-marshal
guard lions,, at. VII., 191; Mc-
Pherson Hospital at. VII., 333,
240; L. S. lios|,ital boat /,'../
Rorrr at. VII., :{07; VIII., 29;
lieadquarlers si'jiial r'oriis at,
VIII., 335; e;i,,tiire of, VIII., :i30,

.'340, 352; colored Hoops at. IX.,

173, 204; eemeter\ at. IX., 281;

surrendia of, X., 32; casualties at,

X., :«, L50.
Virt„r. C.S. S.,VL, 290.
\'ictoria. Queen of England, Proc-
lamation of Neutrality issued bv,

VI., .308.
^■,r^„ria. r. S. S.. VI., l 3.
\',d,ltr, V. S. S.. I., 356.
\ iele. E. 1... X., 337.
\ ienna, \'a.. I., :i48.
Villard. H., X., 42.
\ illepigue, .1. B.. I., 337; X., 256.
V,,iiv„nes\ V. S. 8.. VI., 189.
Vinc ent. ,\, C, I., 387.
\ inreiit. S., II., 249, 2.52. 253, 254,

X., 137.
\'lneeiit's brig.ade. II., 255.
\-,„,l,r„tni. V. S. S., I., 339; VI.,

331; IX., 105.
Vinton. I). H.. II., 328.

Vionville, Ios.se.s at, X., 126, 140.

Virginia: North Anna River, in, I.,
43, 135; adopted the ordinance of
secession subject to popular vote,
I., 340; campaigns, map of, I.,

309; liei'l , lli-itives, II.. 30;

e;iiii|i:iiLOi of isi.l ;omI IS(;5. III.,
:!8. liulllal, in ip- ot, \. v.,

3; I iiiversit\ ol, v., ,58; capes of.
v., 80; New York Seventh in-
vades, VIII., 70; Twelfth New
^'ork lnfaiilr\- ad\:inces into,

VIII. , 89; pre|Kiralions for a
struggle, VIII., 90; home scene,

IX. , 1.51; Hoops at opening of
war. X., 9S; ( onfederates visit
Boston. X., i:i\.

\'irginia triiops. Confederate:

.irtilteri/: Stannard's battery,
I., :i48.

Cinilr,,: I., 351; \-lil,v's, I.,
:«<il; Slu;iM'-, I., \-'u-t. I.,

:i50. .-(HI. IV., .82. '.is; Seeond.

IV.. ,S7; lolHlli, I., ;iO|; lillli,

IV.. 7:!; Sixth, IV., M ; VII.. 1 17;

.Se\-,aitli. I., 300; IV., 7:i. S8, 1 10;
Eighth. L, :i01; Ninth. IV., 72;
Eleventh, IV., 101; I'uclfth, IV.,
87; 'riurie.-nili, J., :;,-,(i,

I,,fnnliii: Mon|-,,e's, I., 356;
I'irst, I., :il,s, :'„-,li; I'irst (Irish)
Hatt.dioii. I., ;!0i). :i02; First
driiin mi,|.,r ol, VIII., 109;

Se.onil. 1., :i5o, ;ii;ii; IV., 238;

lointh. I., :(50. :iOO; losses at
CliaiH cllorsville, \ a., X., 1.58;
looses at Manassas. \'a,. X., 1.58;
111 III. I., 3.50. 300; Sixth. IV.,
101; drumiiM T box ot , VIIL, 383;
Sexeiith, I., :;|s, :;,',n, JV., 104;
laghth, I., :i,-,ll, :!5L'; Tenth, I.,
:i5(), :iOO; i;ie\'entli, I., :i48, 3.50,

350; Tnellth. IV., 104; Tliir-
teeiitli. I., :i50; III.. 332; Fif-
ti-i nih, looses at Antieiam. .Vld.,

X. , 15S; SeM-ntei-nili. I., :i4S, 3.50;
losses ;,t \ntletalll, .M.l., X., 1,58;
Eighteenth. I., 3.50; VIIL, 111;
Nineteenth. I., 350; Twentieth,
I., :ii8; Twenty-first, I., 3.58, 360,
:i02: X., 150; Twent\-second, I.,
301; Twenty-third, 1., 300 , 3(52;
Twenty-fourth. I., 272. 348. 3.50;
Twenty-fifth. I., :ils, 351. 302;
Twenty-.seventh, I., :f50, 3()0;
X., 1.56; Twcn>y-ei._dilli, I., :i.50;
Twenty-nintli. I.. :i5ii; Thirty-
first, I., 3.54 . 3 50, :;t;o; Thirty-
ser-onfl. losses ;it .\iitietam. Md.,
X.. 15S; Thirtx-third. I.. 3.50,
:iOii; v., I',); regulars. X.. 156;
Tliirt \ -si\i h. I., :i58; Thirty-
seventh. I., :iriii. :i02; Forty-
second. I., :ii'ii), :ii'i2, I' ortv-fourth.
I., 302; lo,rt,\diltli. L, 364;
Forty-eiLdit h. I., :i02; Forty-
ninth, I., 350; losse s at Fair ( >aks,
Va.. X., L5S; I'ifiieth. I., 358;
Fifty-first. I., 35N; l"if t \-ser-ond,
I., :i54. 302; Fifl\-foiirtli. I., 3.56;
Fiftv-fifih. VIIL, Lis. 151. 1(55;
I''ifth-sixth. I., 35N; l''ift\-eighth,
L, 362, 300; IV., 102; Filtv-ninth,
IIL, 31.S; Sixtieth. VIIL, 102;
Sixty-se\'(Mitli. I., :350; .'Se\-ent,\'-
.seventh, I., 352; l'',iglity-tiiiitli,
I., 350; One hundred and four-
teenth. L, 352.

\ itLnnia troofis. Union;

Cnrnlni: Seeond. I., 350.
Inhnil, „ Xiiitli. L, 3.54.

Vif'Sim.i, (' S, S,: sunk in channel
of .l;inie- Uiver. Va.. I., 109, 119.
:i5\, :;t; i ; v., 25s, ,-{13; VL, 73. 82.
89. i:;2, 1 10. 1.55, 161, 105, 175,

205. :;i5,

"\"irginia C;i\'alier." iX., 346.

\'irginia Historical Society, Rich-
mond. \'a.. X., 51.

\'irginia Militar\' Institute. Lexing-
ton, Va.: III.', 140, 289; IX., 91,
132; X., 109.

Vital Records. Confederate. X.,
148, seq.; Union. X., 148 seq.

Vogdes. I.: VIL, 47; X., .303.

"Voice of the .South. The," .leflfer-
.son Davis, quoted, IX,, 290.

"\'olunteer about to lose some
weight," VIIL, 93.

"\ oliinteer Song." IX., 344.

"\oluntecM-. The." E. J. Cutler,
IX., 7(>. ,S0.

\ iilunteers: character of, in the
armies of the North and South
(181)4), IV., 10. 28: from Ea.st and

[3d Ed.]

[355]

VOLUNTEERS

INDEX

WESTERN ARMY

Volunteers — Conlinuerl.

West, VIII., 95; of the Confeder-
acy, illustration of, VIII., 105.

Von Schaack, G., X., 339.

Von Steinwehr, A., X., 337.

w

Wabash, V. S. S.: I., 357, 360; III.,
340; v., 267; VI., 22, 47, 4S, 100,
102; forward pivot-gun of, VI.,
103, 127; Parrott gun of, VI., 359,
3e9, 270, 281; gun-crew ot, VI.,
311.

Wachuselt, V. S. S., VI., 293, 294.
Waddell, J., VI., 296.
Wade, Herbert T., I., 10; X., 2.
Wade's battery. Confederate, I.>
358.

Wadsworth, J. S.: II., 230; III., 48,

49; X., 133.
Wagner, G. D.: II., 274 srq.; III.,

117, 260, 262, 264; X., 91.
Wagner, L., X., 296.
Wagner battery, V., 118.
Wagon train: I., 53; at Cumberland

Landing, Pamunkev River, VIII.,

47.

Wagons: arni.\". VIII., 40; " Federal,
train, from the Potomac to the
Mississippi," VTII., 47; dimen-
sions of, VIII., 47.

Wagram, losses at, X., 140.

Wainright, C. S.. I., 395.

Wainwritrht, .1. H., IX., .346.

Wainwrirht, .1. M., VI., 316.

Wainwright, R.: I., 227; VI., 188.

Wait, H. L., X., 2.

Waite, C. A., VII., 28.

Waites, J., I., 103.

Walcutt, C. C, X., 93.

Waklren'.s Ridge, Tenn., IV., 160,
164.

Waldron, Ark., II., 34S.
Walke, IL: I., 317, 224; VI., !6, 14.s.
216, 2IS.

Walker, F. A.: IV., 272; X., 33, 24.

Walker, I., I., 19.

Walker, H. H.: III., 70; X., 317.

Walker, I. N., X., 296.

Walker, J. A., X., 107.

Walker, J. G.: II., 60, 70, 74, 324;

X. 379
Walker, L. M., X.,397.
Walker, LeR. P., X., 355.
Walker, M., II., 344.
Walker, R. L.: X., 113; II., 340.
Walker, T. C, X., 2.
Walker, W. H. T.: II., 344; X., UH,

278

Walker, W. S., II., 326; VI., Ill;
X., 361.

Walker, Mr., an arti.st in a group,
X., 161.

Walker, Fort, S. C. (see also Fort

Walker, S. C), I., 3.54, .357.
W.alker Ford, Tenn., II., 348.
Walkerton, Va., IV., 121.
Wall, .1. W., VII., 202.
"Wall tents" (see also Tents): used

in Confederate Armv. VIII., 167.
Wallace, L.:I., 184, 186, Is.s, 190

spg., 200, 206, 208, 360; III., 14(>;

VII., 105, 108, 307; IX., 95; X., 4,

33, 206.
Wallace, W. H., X., 383.
Walla. . . W. H. L.: I.. 360; VII., 9S;

X., 133.

Wallaiv's FerrV, Ark., III., 328.
Walnut Creek, Mo., II., 320.
Walnut Hill, Vicksburg, Miss., II.,
185.

Walpole, B. M.: I., 89; VII., .59.

Walthall, E. C, X., 276, 377.

Walton, ,J. B., II., 340.

W alworth, M. T.. VIII., 289.

Wanamaker, J., VII., 17.

War: Franco-Prussian, I., 30;
photograph, very wonderful and
daring, taken by George .S.
Cook, I., 100; records, official
compilation of, I., 104; students
of Europe and .Xnii-rica .lis. u.ssing
the strategy of, I., 113; Mexican,
I., 174; awful expedients. II., 243;
department officials, III., 157;
termination of. III., 2.'i.'); horses,
sagacity and faithfulness in. VI.,
292; horses, IV., 292-31.S; .>! 1M2,
VI., 48, 1.36; departments, the
business side of. VIII., 37; Con-
federate photographs of war
scenes, VIII., 105; telegraph of-
fice, VIII., 342 sf(/.-. with .Mexii-o,
IX., 93; s.ings,IX.,:i4:!.v../.; X.,40.

"War is Hell," III., 237.

"War-Horse," nickname of Gen'l
Longstreet, II., 47.

Ward, A., K., 175.

Ward, Elizabeth, S. P., "a Mes-
sage," IX., 144, 145.

Ward, ,T. H.: VI., 96, 97, 99, 308.

Ward, J. H. H.,X.,337.

Ward, W. T.: III., 125; X., 91.

Ward, W. W., VII., 31,

Ware, C. P., IX., 352.

Ware, J. H., X., 2.

Warehouse; on the banks of the
Rappahannock, used as hospital,

VII. , 370.

Warfield, H. M., VII., 198.
Waring. G. E., X., 33, 24.
Warlcv. A. F., VI., 192.
Warner, .1. M., X., 307.
Warner, W., X., 296.
WaT/ier, V. S. .S.; III., 318; VI., 230.
Warren, Fitz-H., X., 305.
Warren, G. K.: I., 32, 70 seq.: II.,
251, 252, 253. 255; III., 30, 34, 36,

41, 42, 43, 44, 54, 56, 58, 64, 67,
72, 73, 74, 75, 83. 84, S6, 9(1, 176,
178, 197, 199. 2(14, 2X4, 31.S, ;S U ;
IV., 119; headriuartcrs of, at
.Spotsylvania, IV., 307; VIII.,
216, 327, 328, 330; IX., 225; X.,
183, 200.

Warren, Fort, Mass. (see also Fort

Warren, .Mass. I, I., 191.
Warrenburg, Mo., I., 360.
Warrenton, Va.: II., 57, 83, 84; IV.,

93, 99; Burn.side and staff at,

IX. , 69.

Warrenton .Junction, Va.: IV., 92;
II., 334.

Warrenton Turnpike, Va. : I., 152;

II. , 49.

Warrentown Railroad, IV., 243.
Warrington, Fla., V., 59.
W„rn„r. C. S. .S., VI., 192.
Warwick. \ a.. I., 26!.
\N'arwick and Yorkiown Roads,

Va., I., 360.
Warwick River, Va.: I., 262; V., 31.
"Washday in Winter Quarters,"

VIII. , 187.

Washburn, C. C: with .staff, I., 347;

X. , 189, 218.

" Washing Clothes," VIII., 187.
Washington, George, I., 17; IX., 125.
Washington, ,1. B., I., 389 seq.
W;ishiM-toii, J). C: I., 28 seq., 40,

42, 66 srq.; , Id cnses of , I., 69. 94;
til.' Ury t,,. I., 131, 133; fortifi-
cations :it).)ut. I., 125, 126 yfq.',
X'ibbanl ilr:i\\. Long Bridge at,

1., 131; McCI.'llan's troops drill-
ing near, I., 137; Camp Sprague
at. I., 141, M4. 14S. 159; Camp
.lames near, I., 167; Mc.'^'lellan
trains, ,\rmv of the Potomac, I.,
2.54; II., l.s; .53, 5S, 102; national
capitol. III., 1.39, 143 siq.;

1.1. '.)ni.)tivcs store.l in. III., 145;
Chiiin Bii.lgc at, III., 147; Long
Bri.lge at, III., 147; gr.nip of war
department officials. III., 1,57;
grand review at. III., 345, 319;
IV., 3,57; Capitol building, 1865,

III. 348; iM'deral cavalry mess
hfiusc at, IV., 107; Prospect Hill,

IV. , 173; map of defenses, V., 3;
Federal guns in th.- grand review
at, v., 4; artilli'r\ brigade in the
grand review, V., 4, 18 seq., 75;
S..M1I' in .Icfenses of, V., 79, ,S0
M./,; .■.■liters of defense of, V., 82;
.s.'.it t s plans for defense of, V., 84
,s(i^. ; il.'f.'iisi's .if, at Fort Lyon, V.,
85; fortifications of, V., 86 seq.;
condition .if .1. f.'nses of. before the
war, v., S6 siq-: A.ni.-ilui-t bridge,
v., 90, 9,5; {ir.'parati.itis f.ir de-
fense, v., 911 Ki q. : f.ii tifi.'ations on
the Potomac, V., 94 srq.; fortifica-
tions around, V., 94; Union Arch
near, V., 95; fortifications of,
nnriilicr an. I I'xtent of, V., 102;
iiifliirii.'.' iif .li'fense on Federal
ni.ivcmcnt^, V., 104; results of
withdrawal of garrison, V., 106,
108; arsenal yard and "Napo-
leons" guns, v., 137; ladies and
officers in the interior court of
arsenal at, V., 139, 131, 136, 144,
1.54; defenses of, V., 1.53; ar-
si'iiai, aminimitifin store. I in, V.,
175, 216, 22S; VI., 92.170; I'.arly's
attai-k .in, VI., loti; iki\ \ \ aril at,
VI., 167; aiiiliulati.f^ in ur.in.l re-
vu'W, VII., 11; IiiuI.Utis-'- in VII.,
15; Car\iT Hospital in, VII., 15,

374, 375; Campbell Hospital,

VII. , 15; views of, VII., 15;

.Stanton Hospital in, VII., 15, Old
Capitol Prison at, VII., 31 seq.,
38, 67, 200; office of commissary
general of prisoners, VII,, 83, 85
srq ; Foril's Theater in, where
Pr.'si.lent Lincoln was shot, VII.,
303; liver\- stable where Booth
secured the horse on which he
escaped, VII., 305; surgeons'
supplies at, VII., 313; surgeons
and hospital stewards at, VII.,
317; medical supplies at, VII.,
335; Harewood Hospital at, VII.,
385, 394, 395; Arniorv S.juare
Hospital, VII., 391, 393; am-
buljvnces at, VII,, 311; ambu-
lance repair shop at, VII., 311;
Harewood Hospital, ambulance
trains at, VII., 313; I". S. Sani-
tary Commission, VII., 334;
U. .S. Sanitar\' Commission
"Home," at, VII.",331; Lodge No.
5, yil., 333; U. S. Sanitary Com-
mission wagons leaving tor the
fr.mt, VIL, 3.37; Earlv's dash at,

VIII. , IS; Old Capitol Prison,
VIII., 21; supply depot at, VIII.,
30; Warehou.se No. 1, VIII., 38;
G.jvernment Me.ss House, VIII.,
38; groups at quartermaster-
general's office, VIII., .38; grand
review at. VIII., 39; army repair
shops at, VIII., 40; guarding the
lumber for the government,
VIII., 51; Meridian Hill near.
Second Maine first camp site in,
VIII., ,58; Sixth \'ermont leaves
for, VlII., (35; endangered, and
President calls for men, VIII., (iS;
New York Sevent\'-first lea\'es
for, VIII., 09; defenses prepared,
VIII., 70; Twelfth New V.ak
waiting orders from, VIII., /2,
73; reception on Pennsylvania
Aveimc to New York .Seventh In-
fantry, VIII., 74. 79, 89, 109; Old
Capif.il Prison, VIII., 389; Cen-
tral Signal Station at, VIII., 305;
U. S. ("Signal Corps Headfiuarters,
VIIL, .333; cemi.t.'ry at S.il.liers'
Home, IX., 2.sl ; S.'.-.ind Inaugura-
tion of .\ bra ha in Lincoln, X., 16, 17.

Washington, X. ('.. II., 322.

Wii.shi,uil,'ii. V. S, S., VI., S2.

Washington and Lee rniversity,
\a.: I., 17; IX., 122, 130, 132;
X., 57, .59, 72.

Washington Artillery Company,
Charleston, S. C, V., 60.

Washington Artillery, the, of New
Orleans (see also New Orleans.
I^a.): f., 14; Federals forced back
to the bank of the river by, I., £5;
enlisted men of, I., 199; II., 53.
125; .Miller's battery of, IL, 59,
95, 122; men of, IL, 164, 165; V.,
58, 63, ()4, 72, 74; VIIL, 119, 135,
137, 150; officers .if. IX., 339, .343.
'"Washington (!i"a\s," X. Y. (see
New York Eighth Stad- Militia).

Washington Light Infantry of
Charleston, S. C: VIIL, 115, 117,
167.

Wa.ssaw Sound. Ga.: I., 3()I; II.,
336; VL, :is. 2;i(i, 271, 31.S.

Water cart. VIIL, 313.

Water Iraiisiiortati. in: in Peninsula
campaign. VIIL, 50.

W'lier Wildi, V. S. S., VL, 1,89, 312,
320.

Waterhouse, R., X., 315.
Waterloo, Belgium: battle of: II. ,

272; X., 120. 122, 140.
Waterloo Bridge, Va. : II., 42;

skirmish at, II., .322.
WaterpriMf, La., II., 350.
Watertown, Mass., V., 144.
Watervliet, West Troy, X. Y.: V.,

144; arsenal at, V., 154; IX., 319.
Watie, Stand, Cherokee Indian: I.,

362; leader at Pea Ridge, X., 367.
Watkins' Park, Nashville, Tenn.,

v., 65.

Watmough, P. G.. VL, 273.
Watson. ,1.. VL, 233.
Watterson. H.: IX., .306; X., 31, 24.
Watts, X. G., VIL, 104, 112.
Wand. A. R.. artist for Harper's

ir../7v, VIIL, 31.
VVauliat .■111.-, Tenn.: battle of, IL,

297, 311(1, 3(1.1.
Waul, T. X.. X., 315.
Waiitaiiga Bridge, Tenn., IL, 328,

Wayne, H. C, X., 365.
Waynesboro, Va., III., 332, 338.
' 'We are Coming, Father ,\bra'am, '

T. S. Gibbons, IX., 344, 345.
"We Have Drunk from the .Same

Canteen," C.G. Halpinc, IX., 348.
Weatherlv, J., IV., 206.
Weaver, j. B.: IL, 308; X., 305.
Webb, A. S.: headquarters of, II.,

365; IIL, 46, 70; v., 21; VIIL, 178.
Webb, W. A.: VL, 77, 162, 171;

VIL, 1.39.
n'f 'i',. C. S. S., VL, 322.
Webber, C. H., L, 270.
Webber, J. C, X., 292.
Weber, M.: IL, 324; X., 339.
Webster, Captain, IV., 315.
Webster, D., quoted, IX., 322.
Webster, J. D., I., 194, 197 sen.;

X., 49.

Weed, S. H., IL, 249, 2,52, 253, 2,54;
X., 137.

Weehnwken, V. S. S.: L, 34, 100;

IL, .3.32, ,336; VL, 3.8, 12,S, 171.
^ 173, 274, 318, 320; IX., 336.
' ' U'cc/,-/// ('(thforn in n IX., .3.5.
"Weeping Sad and Lonely (When

this Cruel War is Over)," C. C.

Sawyer, IX., 351.
' 'Weighing bread," for Union army,

VIIL, 49.
Weir, R. F., VIL, 226.
Weisingcr, D. A., X., 319.
Weissert. A. G., X., 296.
Weitzel, G.: IL, 215, 332, ,342; IIL,

304, 344; VL, 246, 316; X., 193,

234.

Welch, .1, W., VIL, 63.

Welch, W. H.. VIL, 4.

Weld. S. M., Jr.. X., 313.

Weld.in, N. C, V., 21.

Weldon Railroad, Va.: IIL, 208,
324, 340; expedition in Decem-
ber, lS(i4, IIL, 340; V., 215.

Welles, G.: VL, 50, ,52, .53, 134, 142,
184, 300; X., 13.

Wells, G. D., X., J41.

Wells, W. R., L, 243.

Welsh, T., X., 303.

Wentzville, ^Io. (see also Mills-
ville), I„ 348.

Wessells, H. W.: I., 3(i4; IL, 328;
X., 197.

West, ,1. S., VIL, 133.

West Gulf .Squadron, U. S.,VI., 322.

West Indian .Squadron, U. S., VI.,
125.

West Libcrtv. Kv.. L, 354.

Wi'st Point. Ga., IIL, 346.

West Point, .X Y.: V., 110; en-
gineers, training .if, .at, V., 224;
VL, 67; aca.lcniy at, VIIL, 68;
drilling whole liattalions of raw
recruits, cadets, effii iency gained
rapid promotion. VIIL, 76, 110;
cadet class of 1860, VIIL, 185;
U. S. Military .^ead.'niy in the
fii-ld, VIIL, 18.5, 324.

West Point. \'m., L, 362.

"West P.iint Light Battery." Gen-
eral Griffin in command, V., 31.

West Troy, X. Y., V., 144.

West \ irginia: Department of, IV.,
114; enlistment of troops in,
VIIL, 102.

\\'esf \'irginia troops:

.\rtf!lprij: First. I., 360; Bat-
tcrv B, IL, 340; First, II., 336.

Camlry: First, I., 362; II., 334;
Second, L, 364: IL, 342, 346;
Third, IL, 336. 342; IV., 119;
Fourth, IL, 34S; Fifth, IL, ,346.

I II '■mini: First. L, 348. 360,
366; IL, 34S; IIL, ;i2N; IV., 332;
VIIL, 102; Se.'ond, L, 352, 3.54;
Third, L, 362, 366; IL, ,342; IIL,
32.S; Fourth, II., 322; Fifth, I.,
366: ,Scvcnth, I., 3.54; lo.sses, X.,
1.54; Eighth. L, 3(i6; IL, 342;
Xinth. IIL, 320; Tenth, IL, 346;
Eleventh, IIL, 320; Twelfth, IL,
336; Fourteenth, IL, 348; IIL,
320; Fifteenth, IIL, 320.

West Virginia, Green Springs, III.,
328.

West Woods, Md., IL, 61.
"Westchester Chasseurs" (.see also

•Xew York .Seventeenth Infantry) :

IX., 157.

Westerly, R. I.: First Rhode Island

recruited in. VIIL, 60.
Western and .Xtlantii- R.ailroad: IL,

274; locomotive .seized in, VIIL,

377.

Western Army, III., 104.

[3d Ed.]

[;5,5(i]

WESTERN CAMPAIGNS

INDEX

YARD

Western campaigns: map of thcitor
of, II., 353; important part
played by railroads in, III., 25').

Western flotilla, VI., 214, 21,S.

Western Sanitary Commission,

VII. , 338.
Westervelt, J., VI., 320.
WeslfieU, U. S. S. : II., 330; VI.,

190, 310.
Westminster .\bboy, IX., 119.
Westover House, Va., I., 335.
Westover Landing, Va., IV., 229.
Wet Cilazr, M<>., I., 352.
Wet-plate mctlind of photography,

I., 46, 4S, 50.
Wharf buildinK, v., 391.
Wharton, G. C, X., 319.
Wharton, J. A.: II., 330; IX., 345;

X., 313.

Wharton's cavalry. Confederate,
I., 360.

Wharves: constriiotion of, by U. S.

Engineers, V., 391 .
' *What-i3-it" : soldiers' name for

complete moving photographic

outfit used hv Brady, etc., I., 46;

its uses, VIII., 35.
Wheat, C. R., I., 302.
Wheat and corn crops in 1861,

VIII. , 46.
Wheaton, F., X., 305.

Wheeler, J.: II., 168, 170, 326, 328,
330, 344, 346, 348; III., 108, 211,
230, 232, 246, 318, 330, 338, 342;
IV., 36, 144, 145, 147, 149 seq.,
151; blockhouses garrisoned
against raids by, IV., 151, 1.58,
160, 162, 16t, 254, 202, 379 scg..
388 seq.; VIII., 275, 290, 302;

IX. , 322, 337, 32S; X., 349, 268.
Wheeler, J. C, V., 05.

"When Johnny Comes Marching
Home," P. S. Gilmore, IX., 235,
339, 342.

"When Lilacs Last in the Door-
vard Bloom'd," Walt Whitman,
iX., 24, 254.

"When 'This Cruel War is Over,"
C. C. Sawvcr, IX., 235, 350, 351.

Whipple, A. W.: II., 334; X., 131.

"Whistling Dick," IL, 187, 195.

White, D., X., 311.

White, E. D„ X., 24.

White, E. ,1.: I., 89; VII., 4, 59.

White, I. H., VIL, 86.

White, J., X., 201.

White, J. L., v., 170.

White, M. .1., I., 362.

White, W. J. H., VIL, 317.

White House, Va.: I., 282, 284, 287,
315 seq., 317, 324; IIL, 84, 181;
IV., 80; Sheridan's troops crossing
Pamunkey River near, IV., 127,
128; VI., 59; wounded at, VIL,
341; U.S.Christian Commission
at, VIL, 343, 343.

White House, Gettj-sburg, Pa.,
IV., 301.

White House Landing, Va.: ruins
of White House, L, "315; IIL, 82,
91, 92; IV., 220; hospital boats
at, VIL, 219.

White Oak Church, Va., VIII., 243.

White Oak Road, Va., III., 284, 344.

White Oak Swamp, Va.: I., 288,
325, 327, 339, 330, 332, 333, 334,
337, 366; bridge at. III., 324;
IV., 87; Glendale, Va., losses at,

X. , 142.

White Post, Va., III., 328.

White River, .\rk.: IL, 194; VI.,
221, 222, 223, 232, 314.

White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. :
IL, 342, 344.

White's Ferrv, Va., IV., 82.

Whitehead, U. S. S.: I., 356; IIL,
318; VL, 316.

Whitemarsh, Ga., I., 360.

Whiteside, Tenn. : railroad bridge
across the ravine of running
water, IL, 317.

Whiteside Valley, Tenn., IL, 316.

Whitfield, J. W., IL, 324; command-
ing a brigade of Texas cavalry,
X 313.

Whiting, C. J., IV., 220, 221, 335.
Whiting, W. H. C: I., 343; IIL,

327; VL, 248.
Whitman, W.: IX., 31, 24, 26, 132,

133, 134, 135, 254.
Whitnev, E. T., I., 40, 42.
Whittaker, W. C, X., 307.
Whittier, C. .\.,VIIL, 114.
Whittier, J. G., II., 60.

Whittle, W. C, VI., 218.
Wickluim, W. C: IIL, 158, 160;

IV., 98; IX., 34.!; X., 319.
Wigfiill, 1.. T., X., ■M.'i.
Wilcox, C. M.; L, 3.".4; IL, 73, 328;

IV. ,31 1 1 ; IX . , ri7 , 1 .". . L'S2 ; X. , 282 .
Wilcox, Ii:lII.t\ L, 119.

Wilcox Undue, .\. C, IIL, 311.
Wilcox Landing, \ a. ; I., 127; IIL,

I NX; telegraph station at, VIII.,

:{.'>i.

Wil.li r, .1. T.. IL, 314; IV., 34.

Wil.lrnuxs. 1. S. S., IIL, 312.

WiklcMu's^, I., '.Ml. 122; IL, 106,
272; l.atllc HI Ihc. IIL, 11, 17,
21 .s-<</.. L'l ."id, 2N s,;/; campaign

of, IIL, :((i; iKiitlciicid of,

IIL, 39, II); fniilcilcr.'itc breast-
works in, IIL, 41, 43; natural
impediments in the battlcgnmnd
of the, IIL, 45, 47; I'nion and
Confederate dead and wounded
after campaign, IIL, 49; one of
the greatest struggles in history,
two days fighting in the. May,
1864, IIL, 50, 52; Union and Con-
federate losses in engagements on
both sides, IIL, 92, 318; IV., 33,
98, 197, 239; V., 21, 27, .54, 214;
VIL, 154, 230, 268, 270; VIII.,
63; Sixth Vermont at, VIII., 65,
173, 175, 177: Orange plank road,
VIII., 177; soldiers' graves at,
VIIL, 177, 191, 204, 246, 339,
367; liattle of, IX., 139, 155, 261;
graves in the, tX., 383; in 1864,
X., 61; losses at, X., 124.

Wilderness Church, Va., IL, 117.

Wilderness Tavern, Va., IIL, 17,
36, 40.

Wiles, Mr., X., 19.

Wilkes, C, VL, 135, 291, 293, 310.

Wilkie, Lieut., VIIL, 115.

Wilkinson, James, IX., 285.

Wilkinson, John, VL, 108, 124.

Wilkinson, M. .S., L, 147.

Willcox.O.B.: IL.lOO; IIL, 90, 282;
headquarters at Petersburg, Va.,
VIIL, 343; dedication of First Bull
Kvm monument at, IX., 366; X.,
185, 208.

Williams, A., IL, 324.

Williams, A. S.: I., 231 seg., 306;
IL, 70; IIL, 347; X.. 85, 189, 216.

Williams, D. H., X., 391.

Williams, H. H., Jr., VIIL, 117.

William.s, J., VL, 98.

Williams, J. S.: L, 354; IL, 344; X.,
367.

Williams, S., X., 49.

Williams, T.: death of. L,350,367;

IL, 25, 119, 132, 134, 180, 190,
198, 320; X., 133.
Williams, T. H., VIL, 341.
Willi.ams, Mrs. T. S., X., 2.
Williams' Farm, Jerusalem Plank

Road, Va., IIL, 324.
Williamsburg, Va.: I., 266, 268,

272, 274, 282, 295, 298, 323, 362,

.366; IV., 47; V., 30, 31, 200;

VIIL, 370 seq.; battle of, IX.,

79, 85; losses at, X., 142.
Williiimson, J. A., X., 305.
Williamson, W. P., VL, 140, 144,

1.54, 1.55.
Williamson, mid.shipman, VIL, 139.
Williamsport, Md., I., 310; IL, 60,

340.

Williamsport, Va., IV., 76, 82.

Willich, A., X., 135.

Willis' Hill, Marye's Heights, Va.,
IL, 87, 98.

Williston, S. C, IIL, 342.

WiUoughby Run, Pa., IL, 238.

Wilmington, Del., IV., 328.

Wilmington, N. C. : I., 94 ; III., 20,
335, 342; V., 160, 265; VL, 24, 34,
114, 238, 255, 273, 291, 312, 320.

Wilmington Island, Ga., I., 360.

Wilmington River, Ga., VL, 171.

Wilson, C. C, X., 365.

Wilson, D. J., VL, 301.

Wilson, F., VIIL, 337.

Wilson, J. G,, X., 33, 301.

Wilson, J. H.: IIL, 196, 322, 324,
330. 344, 346; IV., 24, 34, 50,
128, 136, 138, 139, 153, 217, 241,
244. 256, 258, 262, 270. 273; and
staff, 381, 326, 332; VIIL, 185,
196; DC., 247, 343; X., 95.

Wilson, J. M., L, 387.

Wilson, R. B., IX., 76, 77.

Wilson, T.: charge of commissarx',
VIIL, 50.

Wilson, W., army scout, VIIL, 361.

Wilson, Lieut., VIL, 63.

Wilson Farm, La., IL, 3.")2.

Wilscjn's (rc'i'k, Mo. (nee also
Sprinnfi. l.l. M..., and Oak Hill,
iMo.l:!., 122, l.sii, 350, 307; VIIL,
1(12, lll.i; lo.-scs at, X., 142.

Wilson's wlmrl, \'a., IIL, 322.

Winchcsi, !. \ :,.: I., 139. 301, 302,
3(11, iiOC, :i(l7, 310, .iC.O, 364; II. ,
llx, 1.">II, 326, .■i2N, 3;i(l, 332, 336;
IV., 78, 86; Berrvville turnpike,
IV.,244, 248; battle of,VIL,228;
"Sheridan's Ride," IX., 70; bat-
tle at, IX., 87.

"Winchester," horse of P. H. Sher-
idan, name changed from
"Rienzi," IV., 397, 308.

Winder, C. S.: I., 366; IL, 23, 28,
320; X., 149.

Winder, J. H.: VIL, 29, 36, 76, 78,
86, 90, 172, 173, 175, 177, 178,
199, 210.

Winder, R. B., VIL, ISO.

Winder, W. H.. VIL, 192.

Winder, W. S., VIL, 74, ISO.

Winder Hospital, Richmond, Va.,
VIL, 284.

Winfield Scott Camp (see Camp
Winfield Scott), I., 359.

Wingo's Inf., Confederate, I., 350.

Winnebago, U. S. S., VL, 247, 254.

Winona, U. S. S., VL, 190, 201,
204.

Winslow, E. W., rV., 198.

Winslow, F., VL, 189.

Winslow, J. A.: VL, 300, 302; and

officers on Kearsarge, U. S. iS., VI. ,

303, 304, 320.
Winston, J. D., VIL, 351.
Winter, W., IX., 238, 239.
Winthrop, F., X., 135.
Wire, tapping of, by telegraphers,

VIIL, 360-364.
Wirz, H., VIL, 67, 78, 92, 176 seg.,

177.

Wisconsin: camp of Twenty-eighth
Inf. at Little Rock, Ark., IL,
34.3; regiments' uniforms, VIIL,
54; response to first call, VIIL,
74; contribution of troops in Civil
War, VIIL, 75; losses during
Civil War, VIIL, 75; population
in 1860, VIIL, 75; suffers a fin.an-
cial panic, VIIL, 75; troops fur-
nished during CiNal War, VIIL, 75.

Wisconsin troops:

Artillery: First Independent
battery of Light Art., V., 43;
First Light Art., Baton Rouge,
La., VIIL, 248; Fourth, IIL,
318; Seventh, IL, 328; Twelfth,
III. 332.

Cavalry: First, I., 364; IL, 320,
332; Second, I., 247.

Infantry: First, I., ,348; IIL,
328, 330, 346; Second, I., 348,
II., 336; IIL, 342; X., 119; losses
X., 154; Third, I., 352; IL, 25,
336; (Indians), VIIL, 75; Fourth,
L, 74; IL, 320; VL, 234; Fifth,
IL, 123, 316; Seventh, IL, 336;
(Indian), VIIL, 75, DC., 209, 211;
losses, X., .54; Eighth, I., 3.52, 356;
IL, 328; IIL, 3.30; Ninth (Ger-
mans), IL, 352; VIIL, 75; Elev-
enth, I. ,368 ; Twelft h ( French Can-
adians) ,VIII., 75 ; Fif teenth (Scan-
dina^^an), VIIL, 75; Seventeenth
(Irish), VIIL, 75; Eighteenth,
IIL, 332; Twenty-second, IL,
330, 332; Twenty-sixth (German),
VIIL, 75; losses, X., 154; Twenty-
seventh, IL, 352; Twenty-eighth,
camp at Little Rock, .4rk., IL,
343, 350; Thirtv-sixth, losses, X.,
152, 1.54; Thirty-seventh (In-
dian), VIIL, 75; lo.sses. X., 1.54;
Thirtv-ninth, IIL, 3.30; Fortieth,
IIL, 330; Forty-first, IIL, 330;
Forty-sixth (German), VIII., 75.

Wise, G. M., VIL, 319.

Wise, H. A.: V., 64; X., 4, 331.

Wise's Light Dragoons, VIIL, 191.

Wissahiekon, U. S. 8.: VL, 43;
Jack-tars on, VL, 43; pivot-gun
of, VL, 43, 90.

Wistar, I. J.. X., 391.

Withers, J. M.: I., 193, 195, 205; X.,
353, 256.

"Wives and Sweethearts," IX.,

142 seq.
Wofford, W. T., X., 137.
Wolfe, J., I., 12.

Wolfe Street General Hospital,
Alexandria, Va.: VIL, 335.

Wol.selcy, ^'iscount: I., 98; quoted,
VIIL, 131, 154, 159.

"Wohcrinc- Urigade," VIIL, 196.

Women as .sjaes, VIIL, 273, 287,
291.

Womert's Relief Societies: in Tenn.,
VIL, 247; Relief .^...ietv of
the Confi'deriil. miiN., I'.-lieia
Grundy Portej , I'o M.le,,!. VIL,
247; Southern llosjatal work of,
VIL, 296; Central Association of
Relief, VIL, 328 .sf 9. ; Central Re-
lief Association of New York,
VIL, 334.

Wood, A. M., VIL, 47.

Wood, J. E., X., 185.

Wood, J. T, VL, 172, 29S, 320.

Wood, M. A., VIIL, 281.

Wood, R. C, VIL, 330, .347.

Wood, S. A. M.: IL, 325; X., 25.5.

Wood, T. J.: IL, 282, 2S4, 306, 308;
DC., 115; X., 181, 198.

Wood, W. P., VIIL, 282, 289.

Woodberry, S. B., VIIL, 117.

Woodbury, D. F., I., 321.

Woodburx', D. P., V , 313.

Woodbury, Tenn., IL, 330, 332.

Woodbury's Bridge, Va., I., 278.

Woodford, S. L., X., 23.

Woodhull, A. A., VIL, 333, 224.

Woodruff, W. E., VIL, 47.

Woodruff 's battery. Confederate, I.,
350.

Woods, R. M., X., 292.
Woods, W. B., X., 237.
Wood's Fork, Mo., IL, 330.
"Woodsmen of the North," VIIL,
77.

Woodsonville, Ky. (see also Row-
lett's Station, Ky.), I., 354.

Woodstock, Va., I., 306.

Woodward's command. Confed-
erate, IL, 322.

Woodward, J. J., VIL, 333.

Woodward, surgeon, VIL, 224.

Wool, J. E.: I., 364; VIL, 100; X.,
56, 204.

Woolen Mills. Petersburg, Va. : ruins

of, DC, 4.
Woonsocket, R. I.: First Rhode

Lsland Infantry recruited in,

VIIL, 60.
Worden, J. L.: I., 358; VL, 36, 111,

161, 163, 174, 176, 241, 312, 318.
Work, H. C: DC, 168, 178, 180, 183,

342, 344.

Wormlev's Creek, Va.: I., 253, 255,
259, 267.

AVounds: antiseptics for treatment
of, unknown during the war, VIL,
232; character and treatment of,
VIL, 262, 264; statistics regard-
ing, VIIL, 126.

Wr.agg, T. L., VIL, 123.

Wright, A. R., X., 115.

Wright, G., X., 307.

Wright, G. K., IIL, 60.

Wright, H. G.: IIL, .56, 58, 64, 67,
68, 72, 73, 74, 75, 84, 86, .88, 146,
148, 156, 158, 162, 293; IV., 159;
VIIL, 204, 252; X., 183, 202.

Wright, M. H., v., 170.

Wright, M. J.: I., 7, 9, 102; illus-
trations of scenes within Confed-
erate lines, VIIL, 105; X., 7, 27;
tabular statement of losses in
Civil War, X., 142, 144; some
casualties of Confederate regi-
ments, X., 156.

Wright, W. F., v., 31.

Wright, W. P., v., 29.

Wright, W. W.: IL, 125; V., 290,
294, 295, 298.

Wyalusing, V. S. S., IIL, 318.

Wvatts, Miss., IL, .344.

Wveth, J. A.: rV., 11; quoted, IV.,
131, 144 seq., 158, 204; VIL, 18;
X., 27.

Wvman, J., VIL, 330.

WVndham, P., IV., 102.

Wyoming. U. S. S., VL, 48.

Wytheville, W. Va., II., 342.

Y

Yale University. New Haven,

Conn., I., 12, 90.
Y^andell, D. W., VIL, 352.
Yankee, C. S. S., VL, 310.
Yankee, V. S. S., VL, 308.
Yantic, U. S. S., IIL, 342.
Yard, P., VIIL, 237.

[3d Ed.]

[357}

YATES

INDEX

ZOUAVES

Yates, R., I., 174.

Yates, Camp, 111. (see also Camp
Yates, 111.), I., 175.

Yazoo City, Miss.: II., 342; expedi-
tion of, nr., 318.

Yazoo Pass, Miss., II., 206.

Yazoo River, Miss.: I., 223; II., 182,
185, 196; VI., 221, 223, 224, 314,
316,318, 320, 348.

Yellow Bluff, Fla. : signal tower at,
VIII 335.

Yellow "Creek, Mo., II., 320.

Yellow Tavern, Va.: III., 62, 78,
320; rV., 23, 43, 98, 124; death of
J. E. B. Stuart at, IV., 125, 242.

Yemassee, .S. C, 11., 326.

Yonge, C. R., VI., 301.

York, Z., X., 371.

York River, Va.: I., 267, 324; V.,
258; VI., 59, 315; VIII., 317, 324.

York River and Richmond Rail-
road, Va.: I., 288, 299, 335; bridge
of, I., 319.

York River Railroad, Va.: I., 316,
324.

Yorktown, Va.: I., 51, 115, 117;

Union battery. No. 4, 1., 251, 252,
353, 255, 360; headquarters of
Gen. Magruder in, I., 261; Con-
federate breastworks .at, I., 363«
264; sand-bag fortifications of
Confederates at Yorktown, Va.,
I., 265; Confederate fortifications
at, 1., 265; Confederate ramparts,
south-east of Yorktown, I., 365;
Magruder batterj-, I., 265; Two-
gun Confederate battery, I., 365;
First Union battery, I., 266, 367;
Union battery No. 1, two miles
below Yorktown, Va., I., 369;
Moore's house, I., 369; the door
to Yorktown, Va., I., 271; near
the center of Yorktown. Va., I.,
271 seq.; after surrender, I., 371;
lower wharf at, I., 373; Federal
ordnance ready for transporta-
tion from, I., 373, 282; War-
wick roads. Va., I., 360; garrison.
Confederate, I., 362; IV., 47;
winter quarters at, IV., 317;
Union batteries Nos. 1 and 4, V.,
33; ordnance of battery No. 4 at.

v., 25; Mortar battery No. 4, V.,
35, 26 seq., 28 seq.; Confederate
works about, V., 30 seq., 33; larg-
est Confederate gun at, V., 55;
fortifications oppo-site, V., 133;
McClellan's guns and gunners to
leave, V., 149; Confederate de-
fenses, v., 177, 182; entrench-
ments. Confederate, at, V., 198,
200, 228, 312; Cornwallis' head-
quarters used as hospital, VII.,
359; Sixth Vermont at, VIII., 65;
"Beef KUers" of the armv at,
VIII., 187; batterv No. 1, VlIL,
317; Farenholt's house. VIII.,
317, 322; telegraphers' tent, VIII.,
343, 370 seq. ; Confederate batter\'
at, that fired on the "Balloon
Brj'an," VIII., 371; T. S. C.
Lowe in balloon at, VIII., 377;
where Cornwallis surrendered,
K., 385.

Yorktown. C. S. S., VI., 314.

Young, B. H., I., 19.

Young, Colonel, of Rhode Island,
VIII., 26.

Young, Mrs., .1. D., IX., 345.
Young, P. McB., X., 363.
Young, S. B. M., X., 303.
Young, W. H., X., 313.
Young America, U. S. S., VI., 308.
"Young \'(>lunteers" from the

West, VIII., 73.
Young's Branch, Va., I., 14 1,157, 159.

z

"Zagonvi Guards," VIII., 82.
Zarracher, B. F., VII., 181.
Zeppelin, Count, I., 113.
Zollicoffer, F. K.: I., 180, 352; X.,

147, 280.
Zook, S. K., X., 135.
Zorndorf, losses at, X, 140.
Zouave Cadets, Charleston, S. C,

VII. , 137.

Zonare. V. S. S., I., 3.58.

Zouaves; VIII., 76; uniform of,

VIII. , 77, 78, 226, 339.
Zouaves, "Rush Hawkins" (see

also Rush Hawkins): VIII., 229.

RdEd.]

[358]

LI

lb