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Trintferred to the
LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN
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Pimbley's
Dictionary of Heraldry
TOGETHER WITH AN
ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT
By
ARTHUR FRANCIS PIMBLEY
BALTIMORE:
PUBLISHED BY THE- AUTHOR
1908
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COPYRIGHT. 1906.
By ARTHUR FRANCIS PIMBLEY.
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MAR 27 1909
\.%o
PREFACE.
Armorial bearings, at first personal and afterward becoming
hereditary, were supposed to have lost their usefulness with the
fading of the age of chivalry. Their real use and importance, it is
true, died with the passing of the armor-incased knight; neverthe-
less, heraldry remains a live institution, and will so continue as
long as civilization and refinement last. If any doubt is felt of its
vitality, we have but to view the evidence of it in the New World.
For instance, the design of our national emblem, the Stars and
Stripes, is taken from the arms of the immortal George Washing-
ton, who bore ''Argent, two bar gules, in chief three mullets of the
second." The arms of the State of Maryland are those of the
Cal verts. Barons of Baltimore and sometime Lords Proprietary of
the Province of Maryland. Other States have adopted armorial
bearings peculiar to their location or resources, such as the Indian
and cactus of Florida, the badger of Wisconsin, the wheat field of
Iowa and the mining implements of Colorado. In America also we
have a large number of genealogical and hereditary societies.
There is likewise a wide and general desire on the part of Americans
to trace their pedigrees to their Old World ancestors, and to assume
the arms belonging to them.
This ever-increasing interest in heraldry in the New World, as
well as the scarcity of modern works on subjects heraldric, have
induced the author to publish a work containing all the words,
phrases, terms and tinctures belonging to the study of heraldry,
together with a proper division or classification of arms, rules of
blazonry, illustrations of the principal armorial bearings, different
forms of the shield, etc.
The Author.
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PREFATORY NOTES.
In the Dictionary of Herai^dry the definitions are given
as briefly as possible consistent with their completeness, and set
forth in as plain and simple form as the subject will permit, techni-
cal terms being done away with so far as practicable, and few
abbreviations being used. ,
The author has attempted to trace the etymological history of
each word, and when this proved futile the form of orthography
adopted has been that recognized by the College of Arms.
It has been said by some writers that ' 'there is no standard of
pronunciation.'' The highest authority is the one in vogue, and
the author has adopted the current pronunciation for the standard.
In the case of compound words, they will be found under the
first element of the compound. For example. Arms of Adoption
will be found under Arms; counter-vair under Counter, instead of
after Counterpointe.
A word described as French does not mean merely that it is
from the French. As a matter of fact, nearly every word in
heraldry is French or of French origin. A French word, however,
having an equivalent in English is marked thus: [French]. For
example, D^membr^ in English blazonry would be Dismembered.
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ABBREVIATIONS.
Arg. — Argent.
Az. — ^Azure.
Bart., Bt. — Baronet.
O, B. — Companion of the Bath.
C. D. 8. O. — Companion of the Distinguished
Service Order.
Chap. — Chapter. .
C. I. — Order of the Crown of India.<
C. I. E. — Companion of the Order of the
Indian Empire.
C. M. G. — Companion of the Order of St.
Michael and St. George.
C, R. — Keeper of the Rolls.
C. S.— aerk of the Signet.
O. S. I. — Companion of the Star of India.
Er. — Ermine.
G. C. B. — Grand Cross of the Bath.
G. C. H. — Grand Cross of the Guelphs of
Hanover.
G. C. L. H. — Grand Cross of the Legion of
Honor.
G. C. M. 6.^>rand Cross of St. Michael
and St. George.
G. O. 8. I. — Grand Commander of the Star
of India.
Gu. — Gules.
H. C. — Heralds' College.
Her. — Heraldry, heraldic.
K. B.— Knight of the Bath.
K. a. B. — Knight Commander of the Bath.
K. C. if.— Knight Commander of the Guelphs
of Hanover.
K. C. M. G. — Knight Commander of St.
Michael and St. George.
K. C. flf.— Knight of the Order of Charles
III of Spain.
K. C. 8. 1. — Knight Commander of the Star
of India.
K. G. — Knight of the Garter.
K. G. C. — Knight Grand Cross.
K. G. a. B. — Knight Grand Cross of the
Bath.
K. G. F. — Knight of the Golden Fleece.
K. G. jr.— Knight o^ the Guelphs of Han-
over.
K. L. B. — Knight of Leopold of Belgium.
K. L. H. — Knight of the Legion of Honor.
K. If.— Knight of Malta.
Kn. N. 8. — Knight of the Loyal Northern
Star (Sweden).
Knt., Knt. — Knight
K. P.— Knight of St. Patrick.
K. 8. — Knight of the Sword (Sweden).
K. T.— Knight of the Thistle.
K. T. 8. — Knight of the Tower and Sword
(Portugal).
L. C. B. — Lord Chief Baron.
Ld. — Lord.
Ldp. — Lordship.
M. H. — Most Honorable.
Ppr. — Proper.
P. 8. — Privy Seal.
P*.— Potent.
Pur. — Purpure.
Rt. Hon. — Right Honorable.
fifa. — Sable.
U. K. A. — Ulster King-at-Arms.
V. C. — Victoria Cross.
Vis. — Viscount.
V. K.— Queen Victoria. (Latin, Victoria
RegitUa.)
Fr.— Vaip.
Ft.— Vert,
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A DICTIONARY
OF
HERALDRY.
A.
Abased — This term is used (1) when the
wings, for instance, instead of being ex-
panded, with their apices pointing out-
ward, either loolt down toward the point
• of the shield, or else are shut ; (2) when
a chevron, fesse or another ordinary is
. borne lower than its usual situation.
WINGS ABASED.
Abasement — [See abased.]
Abatelement— (Ab-a-te'-le-mang) A mark
of disgrace affixed to an escutcheon. [See
abatement.]
Abatement — Abatements are real or im-
aginary marks of disgrace affixed to an
escutcheon on account of some flagrantly
dishonorable action on the part of the
bearer. There is scarcely an instance on
record, however, of such marks of dis-
grace having been actually affixed to an
escutcheon. (Some times called rebate-
ments.)
Abyss — The center of an escutcheon. For
example, to bear a fleur-de-lis in abyss is
to hav^ it placed in the middle of the
shield free from any other bearing.
Abyssal — Pertaining to an abyss.
Accident — (Ac'-cl-dent) An additional
mark on a coat of arms, which may be
retained or eliminated without altering
its essential character.
Accolade — (Ac'-co lade) The ceremony" by
which in medlffival times one was dubbed
a knight. Antiquaries are not agreed on
what this was. It has been made an
embrace around the neck, a kiss or a
slight blow upon the cheek or shoulder.
"The new attorney-general having stooped
down without objection to the usual acco-
lade."— rot(m«en<f'« Lives of 12 Emin-
ent Judges: Lord Eldon,
Accolle — (Ac-colMe) Gorged or collared,
as lions, dogs and other animals some-
times are in escutcheons.
Wreathed, entwined or joined together,
as two shields sometimes are by their
sides. The arms of a husband and wife
were often thus placed. (Qlosa. of Her-
aldry, mi.)
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Accompanied — ^Affrontee.
U»ed »uhktanUv€lif: (l)Aa animal with
a crown on ita head or a collar around its
neck; (2) two shields united to each
other by their sides; (3) a key, baton,
mace, sword or other implement or wea-
pon placed saltirewise behind the shield.
(IMd,)
Aeeompanled — ( Ac-com '-pan-led ) Be-
tween. For example, accompanied by
four crescents, would mean between four
crescents.
A<MsoiiiiMiiitineiit — ( Ac-com'-pan-i-ment)
Any additions made to a shield by way
of ornament, as supporters, etc.
Aeeoat — [ ^ accosted. ]
Accosted — (Ac-cost'-ed) Applied to a
charge supported on both sides by other
charges. Example: A pale accosted by
six mullets. This term is also applied to
two animals proceeding side by side.
Accoutre — (Ak-kn'-ter) To dab a knight.
"One was accoutred when the cry began.
Knight of the Silver Moon, Sir Marmadan,
Hit vow was (and he will perform his tow).
Armed at all points, with terror on his brow.
To judge the land, to purge atrocious crimes."
Cowper: Anti-Thelyphthora.
Acbtewement — (A-chleve'-meqt) A com-
plete heraldic composition, showing a
shield with its quarterings, Impalements,
supporters, crest, motto, etc. This term
is applied especially to a funeral es-
cutcheon, exhibiting the rank and family
of a deceased nobleman or gentleman,
which at his death is placed in front of
his house or in some other prominent
place. [This is commonly called hatch-
MKNT.]
Acorned — (A'korned) An oak with acorns
on it. (Placed on an escutcheon.)
Addition — Something added to a coat of
arms as a mark of honor, such as, for
instance, a bordure, a quarter, a canton,
a gyron or a pile. [Opposed to abatb-
MBNT.]
"They depe us drunkards, and with swinish
phrase
Soil our addition; and indeed it takes
From our achievements."
— Shakespeare: Hamlet, 1, 4.
Addorsed — ( Ad-dor 'st) V9€d as aw cd-
jective: Two animals on a coat of arms
set or turned back to back. This term la
occasionally used for other figures capa-
ble of being placed back to back.
>iC
ADDOB8ED.
Adoaae — The French word sometimes uaei
for ADDOBSBD.
Adoption — ArtM of Adoption, [See qb-
der Abmb.]
Adoptlwe — Adoptive arms are those held
by a person not by right of descent or in
yirtue of himself, but merely by the gift
or consent of another.
Adorned — (Ad-orn'ed) Ornamented or
furnished with a charge.
Adnmbratton — (Ad-um-bra'-tion) A fig-
ure on a coat of arms traced in outline
only, or painted In a darker shade of the
same color as the field on which It is rep-
resented.* Families who had lost their
estates, but not their armorial bearings,
are said to have occasionally adopted
this method of indicating their peculiar
position. (Also called tranvparenoff.)
Aflrontee — (Af-^ron'-ta) Two animals on
Addorse
back.
-(Ad-dor'se) To place back to
affbontbb.
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Agacella — Anime.
a coat of arms facing each other.
Pace to face, as contradistinguished
from back to hack. [See addorsed.]
Confronting one another is a phrase
sometimes used in this connection.
Asacella — (Ag-a-cel'la) An antelope, or
a tiger with-horns and hoofs.
Aliiriilsc<5 — (Ag-wis-se') Sharply pointed.
Applied especially to a cross on an
escutcheon which has its four angles
sharpened, but still terminating in ob-
tuse angles. It differs from the cross
fltchee in that whereas the latter tapers
by degrees to a point, the former does so
only at the ends.
Ailettea — (Ai'-lettes) Small escutcheons
fastened to the shoulders of armed
knights. (Sometimes called emeraeaea.)
They were of steel ; were introduced in
the reign of Edward I, and were the an-
cestor of the modern epaulet.
Aisle— (I-la) Winged.
-A dog. Specifically, a hunting
Alaund-
dog.
Albany — One of the herald's of the Lord
Lyon's Court. Scotland.
Alberia — (Al-ber'-I-a) A plain shield;
without ornament or armorial bearings.
AUerlon — (Al-ler'-l-on) An eagle without
beak or feet, and with wings expanded,
their points turned downward. (Denoting
imperialists vanquished and disarmed.)
ALLERIO^.
Alliance — Arms of alliance. [See under
Arms.
Allocamelna — (Al-lo-ca-mel'-us) The ass-
camel, a mythical animal compounded of
the camel and the ass. This was used as
a crest by the Eastland Company.
Allumee — (Al-lu'-may'> This term fsused
to describe the eyes of animals when they
are depicted sparkling or red.
[Sfee under
Allusive — Allusive Arms.
Arms.]
Alternate — Alternate quarters: A term
applied to the first and fourth quartern
on an escutcheon, which are generally of
the same kind. Also applied to the sec-
ond and fourth, which also similarly re-
semble each other.
Ambulant — This signifies walking; co-
ambulant, walking together.
Amethyst— (Am'-eth-yst) The term ap-
plied to the color called purpure when
describing the armorial bearings of peers.
Amphisien coclcatrice — (Am-phls'l-en
cock'-a-trice) A name for the mythical
animal called the Basilisk. It resembles
a cockatrice, but is two-headed, the sec-
ond head being affixed to its tail.
Anchor — In heraldry the anchor is an em-
blem of hope.
Anchored Cross — In this cross the four
extremities resemble the flukes of an an-
chor. It is also called anchry or ancre.
It is emblamatic of hope through the
cross of Christ.
anchored cross.
"Which hope we have as an anchor of the
soul, both sureandsteadfast."— fl'f6.ir,i.9.
Ancient (Anshent) — The guidon used
at funerals. A small flag ending in a
point.
Anime — (An-e-may') Of a different tinc-
ture from the animal itself. The term is
used when wild animals are represented
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Aniiodated-~Anii.
with fire proceeding from their mouths.
AlBo cailed incensed,
Annodated — (An'-no-dated) Bowed, em-
bowed or bent like the letter S.
Annulate — (An'-u-lat) Having a ring or
annulet. (Used specifically of a cross
with its extremities thus fretted.)
Annulet — (An'-u-let) A ring borne on an
escutcheon. Originally It stood as the
symbol of nobility and Jurisdiction, being
the gage of royal favor and protection.
In describing arms the color of the an-
nulet should always be expressed.
H When used as a diflTerence, the an-
nulet represents the fifth son.
ANNULBT.
Anaerated Cross— (An '-ser-a- ted) A cross
with one of its extremities shaped like
the heads of lions, eagles, etc.
Ant€5 — (An'-tay') Engrafted or Joined into
each other in any way, as by dovetails,
swallowtails or rounds.
Antelope — Agacella is the heraldic ante-
lope. Brooke, Lord Cobham, had for a
dexter supporter an agacella, horned,
tusked and armed or.
Apaume — (A-pa'u-m^) Appalmed. A
hand opened so as to exhibit the palm.
A baronet of Englane- or Ireland bears
a sinister hand couped gules on an in-
escutcheon or a canton. It is blazoned
"argent, a sinister hand, couped at the
wrist, and apaume^ gules."
Apple of Grenada — The pomegranate.
Appointee — (Ap-poi'n-tay) Pointed. Ap-
plied to things which touch at the points
or ends, as two swords touching each
other at their points or tips.
Aaullate— (Ak'-wil-ate) To adorn with
eagles' heads.
Aanllated— (Ak'-wil-ated) Adorned with
eagles' heads. (Used almost exclusively
in the past participle.)
Arbalest — [ See arblast. ]
Arblast — A crossbow, consisting of a steel
bow set in a shaft of wood and furnished
with a string and trigger. It was not a
pouhir weapon, as it required no strength
or manliness in its use. (Also written
arbalist, arbalest and arbalet.)
Arched — Signifies that an ordinary on an
escutcheon is bent or bowed. (Sometimes
called Arohy.)
Arcby — [See ARCHBt).]
Arffent — (Ar'-Jent) White. The silvery
color on coats of arms. In the arms of
princes it is sometimes called lune, and
in those of peers pearl. In engraving^
it is generally represented by the natural
color of the paper. It represents purity,
innocence, beauty or gentleness.
"He beareth gales upon his shield,
A cbeTTon argent in the field."
— Tales of a Wayside Inn,
ABOBNT.
Used €18 an adjective: Of the coloring
of coats armor.
"Rhuddo flings
As swift as fiery lii^tning kindled new;
His argent eagle with her silTer wings.
In field of azure, fair Erminia knew."
— Fairfax.
Arm — The human arm is sometimes used
in emblazoning. Tremaine of Colacombe
bore gules, three dexter arms conjoined
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Ann6d — ^Anns.
at the shoalder, flexed in triangle or,
fisted argent.
The arm is often found as part of the
crest. [See cubit abm.]
Armed — (1) Furnished with arms. (2)
Adding to anything that which will give
it greater strength or efficiency. (3) The
term curmed of applies to a beast of prey
when his teeth and ciaws are diflTerently
colored from the rest of his body. It ap-
plies also to predatory birds when their
talons and beaks are differently colored
from the rest of the body.
(4) Armed at all points^ in cays gone
by, meant a man covered with armor ex-
cept his face.
Armor — Coat Armor. [The same as coat
OF ABM s.]
Armor Buckle
-A lozenge-shaped buckle.
Armorial — (Ar-mo'ri-al). Aa an adjec-
tive: Pertainl{ig or relating to heraldic
arms.
As substantive: A book containing
coats of arms. Thus the phrase occurs,
"the French armorial,'* "the Spanish ar-
morial,** etc.
Armorlat— One well acquainted with coats
of arms ; skilled in heraldry. (Bailey.)
Armory — From the word armor, apper-
taining to coats of arms.
Arms — Arms or Armories were so called
because originally displayed upon de-
fensive arms, and coats of arms because
••rmerly embroidered upon the surcoat
or camis worn over the armor. The term
coat of arms, once introduced, was after-
ward retained, even when displayed else-
where than on the coat. In the days
when knights were so encased in armor
that no means of identifying them was
left, the practice was Introduced of paint-
ing their insignia of honor on their shield
as an easy method of distinguishing
them. Originally these were granted only
to Individuals, but were afterward made
hereditary by King Richard I, during his
crusade to Palestine. They may be di-
vided into two general classes : (1) Pub-
lic, as those of kingdoms, provinces^
bishoprics, corporate bodies, etc., and (2)
private, being those of private families.
These two classes are again separated
into many subdivisions, founded mainly
on the diflTerent methods by which they
were granted.
Abms of Adoption — This term is used
in a case where the last representative
of an aristocratic family adopts an out-
sider to assume his armorial bearings
and inherit his estates. ,
Abms of AIliancb — Arms which came
into a man's possession by matrimonial
alliances, as the arms of his wife which
are impaled with his own, and those of
heiresses, which he in like manner quar-
ters. To illustrate: When Gilbert Tal-
bot (who died in 1274) married Gwenl-
lian, heiress of the Welsh Prince Rhys
ap Griffith, he laid aside his paternal
coat — "bendy of 10 pieces, agent and
gules'* — and adopted that of the lady —
"gules, a lion rampant or, within a bor-
der engrailed of the field'* — as still used
by the Earls of Shrewsbury.
Abms of Assumption — Those arms
which a person may legitimately assume.
Abms of Attbibution — Arms that are
fictitious, such as indulged in to an ab-
surd extent by the heralds of the fifteenth
and sixteenth centuries.
"Almost all the older genealogists at>
tribute coats oi arms to ancestors long be-
fore they were in use. On the tomb of
Queen Elizabeth are' emblazoned the arms
of William the Conqueror and Matilda of
Flanders, and of Henry I and Matilda of
Scotland, all, c^ course, pure inventions. It
is only of very late years, since a critical
spirit has found its way even into heraldry,
that these absurdities have been exposed."—
Encp. Brit., vol. xi (1902).
Abms of Community — Those borne by
corporations, religious houses, colleges,
cities and boroughs, inns of court, guilds
and the cinque ports, some of which go
back to an. early period.
Abms of Concession — Arms granted
by a sovereign to commemorate some
great deed. The heart on the arms of
the Douglases is in memory of the mis-
sion of James Lord Douglas with the
heart of Robert Bruce to the Holy Land.
The families of De la Warr, Pelham,
Vane and Fane bear arms in allusion to
the share their ancestors .had in the cap-
ture of John of France at Poitiers.
Abms of Dominion — Are those be-
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Arms — ^Arms.
longing to empires, kingdoms, principali-
ties, states, etc., officially used by the
ruler de facto. The origin of some of
these arms is obscure, such as the three
legs conjoined in triangle of the Isle of
Man and the lion of Scotland. Occasion-
ally the arms of dominion were those of
an early sovereign or governor. Thus
the lions of England belonged to the
Plantagnet kings. In the United States the
Stars and Stripes, now so well known
throughout the world, had their origin in
the coat of arms of the first President,
the immortal George Washington, whose
English ancestors bore "argent, two bars
gules, in chief three mullets of the sec-
ond." The arms of the State of Mary-
land are those borne by Cecililus Calvert,
second Lord Baltimore, Lord Proprietary
of the colony.
Arms of Family — Those received by
some distinguished person and borne
with modifications by all his descend-
ants.
Arms op Honor — The same as Jirma
of Concession.
Arms op Oppicb — Those borne by hold-
ers of certain offices which designate that
office. For instance, the ancestors of the
Dukes of Ormond, being hereditary but-
lers of Ireland, bore three covered cups.
Garter, the principal king-at-arms of
England, bears "argent, a cross gules, on
a chief azure a crown or, encircled with
a garter of the order buckled and no wed
between a lion of England and a lily of
Prance."
Arms op Patronage — (1) Arms borne
by the lesser gentry which were derived
from the arms of the greater; arms on
which there is some mark of subjection
or dependence. (2) Arms to indicate the
connection between the follower and his
feudal lord. (3) Arms added to the fam-
ily arms as a token of superiority, right
or jurisdiction.
Arms op Pretension— Arms quartered
by a sovereign belonging to a state over
which he does not hold authority. Nearly
all the earlier European sovereigns bore
arms of this character. The kings of
England, from Edward III until 1801, in
the reign of Oeorge III, bore the lilies of
France. The treaty of Amiens (January
1, 1801) stipulated that this quartering
of the French arms should be abandoned.
Arms op Succession — The same as
Feudal Arms,
Arms Rotal— The personal arms borne
by the sovereign of a country, as distin-
guished from those borne by him in his
official capacity, being those of the coun-
try over which he rules. As set forth in
Arms of Dominion, the personal arms of
a ruler sometimes become those of the
country. On the other hand, neither the
arms of Ballol, Bruce nor Stuart ever be-
came the arms of Scotland. Cromwell
placed his arms on an escutcheon of pre-
tense over those of the commonwealth,
and William of Nassau did the same
with those of England.
Allusive Arms — (Called also canting
or punning arms, and by the French
Armes parlantes) are those In which the
chargei^ suggest the bearer's name. Thus
were the castle and lion for Castile and
Leon, the fers de cheval of Ferrers, the
corbeau or raven for Corbet, the herons
of Heron, the falcon of Falconer, the
swine's head of Swlnbourne, the hammers
of Hammerton and the swallows (hlron-
delles) of Arundel. Allusive arms were
treated with respect until the time of
James I, when they fell into disrepute.
Assumptive Arms — This now applies
to arms which have been appropriated
without proper authority. Originally,
however, the term had a different mean-
ing, as see the following :
"• • • Assumptive arms are such aft a
jtenon has a title to bear, by Tirtue of
some action done or performed by him,
which by birth he could not wear; as if a
person that has naturally no coat should,
in laneful war, take a prince or nobleman
prisoner, he has from that time a right to
bear the arms of such prisoner by virtue of
that military law that the dominion of
things taken in lavrful war passes to the
conqueror."— D|/Cft.* Diet, (1758).
Canting Arms — The same as Allusive
Arms.
Feudal Arms — The arms borne by the
possessors of certain lordships or estates.
Paternal Arms — Those that descend
by custom to the male heir. The descend-
ants of females (heiresses) can only
quarter their arms, except by special
license.
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Arriswise — ^Avellane Cross.
Arrls^irlae — (Ar'-ris-wise) With one an*
gle facing; showing the top and two sides.
Said of a rectangular bearing, such as an
altar.
Arrondee — (Ar-ron'-dy) Made round.
Arrondell — A swallow.
Arro-wv — ^The arrow is frequently displayed
in heraldry, either singly or in sheaves.
Asheii Keys — ^The seed vessels of the ash
tree. Occasionally represented on an
escutcheon.
ASHEN KEYS.
Aapect — The position which an animal oc-
cupies with regard to the eye of the spec-
tator. It may be (1) full aspect, that is,
full-faced, looking toward the spectator ;
(2) passant, with its side toward him ;
(3) trian aspect, neither the one ot the
other, but between the two.
Aspectant — (As-pect'-ant) A term ap-
plied to two birds facing each other, or
looking at each other.
AspectlnK — [The same as aspbctant.]
A«per«ed — (As-per'sed) Strewn or pow-
dered with a number of small charges.
[See SEME.]
Aaaanltant — (As-sa'ult-ant) Assailant.
Applied to a predatory animal when rep-
resented on the escutcheon as if leaping
on its prey.
AMnmptlon^-Armt of Assumption. [See
under abms.]
AMumptlve — Assumptive Arms. [See
under arms.]
Ammurgsent — (As-sur'-gent) Rising out of.
At Game — Applied to the hart, buck, stag
or hind when represented fiill-faced, or
with the face directly to the front.
Athole — One of the pursuivants of the
Office of Arms, Ireland.
Attire — (At-ti're) The single horn of a
stag. (The plural attires is used for two
horns.)
Attired — Ornamented with horns or an-
tlers. Applied to the stag or hart. A
reindeer Is represented with double at-
tires-— one pair erect and the other droop-
ing. (Boutell: English Heraldry.)
"Attired is a term used among heralds
when they have occasion to speak of the
horns of a buck or stag." — BuUokar:
Eng, Ewpos. (1656).
Attribntlon — Arms of Attribution.
under ARMS.]
[See
AaKmentatlon — Arms of Augmentation
of Honor — A grant from a sovereign of
an additional charge on a coat of arms
to commemorate some great deed or a
notable event. [See Arms of Concession,
under ARMS.]
Anlned — (awn'd) Awned ; bearded (Used
of ears of corn.)
Aw vol — [French.] On the wing. (Said of
a bird. [Volant.]
Avellane Cross — (A-vel'-lane) A cross
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Averdant — ^Banneret.
resembling four filberts.
AYBLLANB CBOSS.
AverdAiit — (A-ver'-dant) Covered with
green herbage. The term la used special-
ly of a mount in base. (Gloaa. of Heraldry.)
Averlye — (Av'-ar-lle) The same as AS-
PBBSBD, which see.
ATeraant — (A-ver'-sant) Turned away.
Applied to a hand of which only the back
can be seen. Sometimes called doraed,
A wned — [ See aulnbd. ]
Axe — [ See battle axb. ]
Aylet — (Ay'-let) A name used to desig-
nate the Cornish chough (FregiluB gracu-
lu8), a bird belonging to the crow family.
Ayrant — [ See btrant. 1
Aanre — Bright blue. Used especially in
describing the escutcheons of gentlemen
beneath the degree of baron. The same
color on a nobleman's coat Is called sap-
phire, from the stone, and that on the
coat of a sovereign prince Jupiter, from
the planet of that name. Engravers rep-
resent azure in heraldry by horizontal
lines.
B.
Baclielbr — A member of the oldest, but
now the lowest, order of knighthood In
Great Britain.
Formerly a Bachelor meant a knight
without a sufficient number of vassals to
have his banner carried before him In
battle.
. distinctive mark ; a cognizance.
It is somewhat similar. to a
crest, but was not' placed on
a wreath, nor was It worn i
on the helmet. The badge
was a possession of princes,
noblemen and other gentle- •
men of rank, and to this day
is retained by some of Badge of the
those houses. The badge Prince of Wales
of the Plantagenets was the broom plant
(PUmta genista); the line of Lancaster
had a red rose, while the badge of the
house of York was a white rose.
In former times badges were embroi-
dered on the sleeves of the servants and
retainers, and the practice is still in use
to some extent.
In the time of Henry IV the terms
livery and ha4ge seem to have been syn-
onymous.
Badser — (Bad'-ger) A mammalian ani-
mal found in England and on the Conti-
nent. It is often used in heraldry. It
is sometimes called a gray and also a
brock.
BaKwlii~(Bag'-win) A mythical animal,
having the tall of a horse,, and with
long horns curved over the ears."
Balls — Balls, occasionally tasselied, are
sometimes shown on charges.
Ballet— (Bal'-lay) A bearing which con-
sists of bezants, plates, hurts, etc., dis-
tinguished from each other by their
color.
Bande — ( Ban '-dy )
the term in hend.
The French word for
Banded — (Band'-ed) When a garb is bound
together with a band of a different tinc-
ture it Is described as handed of that
tincture.
Bandrol — (Band'-rol) A small streamer
depending from the crook of a crozierand
folding over the staff. (Universal Diet.)
The small silk flag which occasionally
hangs from a trumpet. (Johnson.)
Banner — A square flag, generally embroi-
dered with the owner's arms. No one be-
low the rank of knight banneret is en-
titled to a banner.
Banneret— Knif/Tit Banneret. The insti-
tution is an ancient one, and its mem-
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Bar — ^Barry.
bers, who had the privilege of leading
their retainers in battle under their own
flag, ranked next in order below the
Knights of the Garter, provided they
were created on the battle field by the
King; otherwise they took rank after
baronets. The order is now extinct.
Bar — An ordinary which crosses the shield
horizontally. It differs from a fesse In
that it occupies only one-fifth of the field.
There is room for but four bars on a
shield.
BABS.
Babs Gemel — Bars place<i parallel to
each other. A bar with closets placed in
couples.
In Bar — Charges arranged in two or
more rows. It differs from in fesse in
that the latter term signifies charges in
a single row.
Barbed — Bearded. Used specifically of the
arrow ; also, of the five leaflets in the
compound leaf of some roses.
Barbel — (Bar'-bel) A "bearded ' fish found
abundantly in the Thames and Lea. It
is an early heraldic bearing.
Barded — A horse in harness Is said to be
barded and caparisoned. Originally a
barded horse was one protected by metal
trappings, such as those ridden by knights
In mediaeval times. The armor covered
the neck, breast and shoulders.
Barnacle — An instrument for pinching a
horse's nose for the purpose of restrain-
ing him.
Baron — A nobleman of the lowest order of
the English peerage.
Baboness — The wife of a baron, or a
woman who holds the baronial dignity In
her own right.
Babon and Feme — Applied when the
coats of arms of a man and his wife are
borne per pale in the same escutcheon.
When the wife is not an heiress her arms
occupy the sinister side, and the hus-
band's the dexter. If she is an heiress,
the husband bears her arms on an es-
cutcheon of pretense.
Baronet — The lowest British titled order
that is hereditary. They are supposed to
take precedence immediately after the
barons, but in reality their rank is in-
ferior to that of the Knights of the Gar-
ter. . The badge of a baronet is, sinister,
a hand gules ("a bloody hand") in a field
argent.
Barred — Supplied with bars; placed be-
tween bars. [Bab.] [Babby.]
Barrlngr — The same as barby or babbuly.
(Chaucer.)
Barrnlet — (Bar'-rul-et) The barrulet is
one-fourth of a bar, and occupies a twen-
tieth part of the field; never borne singly.
Sometimes called a bracelet. When used
in couples barrulets are bars gemel.
Barrnlly — [The same as babby.]
Barry — (Bar'-ry) The division of the field
by horizontal lines into a certain number
of equar parts.
Babby Bendy — Signifies a field divided
barwise and bendwise, the tinctures be-
ing countercharged.
BABBY BENDY.
Barry Bendy Sinister — A combina-
tion of barry and bendy sinister.
Barry Bendy Dexter and Sinisteb —
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Bars Gemel — ^Bearing.
A combination of barry and bendy dexter
and sinister. (Sometimes called barry
lozfsngy.) ■
Barry Lozbnoy — The same as harry
pily-
Barrt Pilt — Divided Into an equal
number of pieces by piles placed hori-
zontally across the shield.
Bars Kernel — (jem'-el) Two horizontal
bars on a field close to each other ; a pair
of bars.
BARS GEMEU
BarTvlse — Arranged horizontally in two
or more rows.
Base — The lower part of a shield. Spe-
cifically, the width of a bar parted off
from the lower part of the shield by a
line horizontally drawn. (Sometimes
called haae-har, haste and plain point.)
Base-bar — [See base. ]
Basilisk — (Bas'-i-Iisk) A fabulous animal
which was believed to be so deadly that
even its breath was fatal to those who
came near it. It somewhat resembled the
Cockatrice, differing, however, in that it
had two heads, the second being at the
extremity of its tail. This additional
head is the cause of It sometimes being
called AMPHisiEN cockatrice.
Baslcet — A winnowing basket.
Baston — [See baton.]
Bat — The Bat figures to some extent In
heraldry, often called a reremouse.
Batb — Order of the Bath. An English or-
der of knighthood, which was instituted
by Henry IV in 1399, and revived by
George I In 1725. It derives its name
from the fact that candidates for initia-
tion were required to bathe the night he-
fore investiture.
Baton — (Bat'-on) The Baton, or, more
fully, the Baton Sinister, is a diminutive
of the bend sinister, of which it is one-
fourth the width. It is a rare bearing,
and generally denotes illegitimacy. Some-
times, though erroneously, called a fissure.
BATON SINISTER.
BatterinK-ram — A bearing representing
the engine used in ancient times to beat
down the walls of besieged places. It
was a large beam, with a head of iron,
sometimes made to resemble the head of
a ram. The battering-ram is borne by
the Earls of Llndsey.
Battle-axe — A weapon like an axe, for-
merly used In battle, hence it became
conspicuous in heraldry.
Battled — (Bat'-tled) A chief, chevron,
fesse, etc., borne on one side in the form
of the battlements of a castle.
Battled-embattled — [See obady.]
Bayard — A bay horse.
Beaked — When the beak and legs of a
bird are of a different tincture from the
body It is said to be beaked and mem-
bered of that tincture.
Bear — The bear is one of the beasts of
heraldry. Early examples are the arms
of Beresford and of Pitz Urse.
Bearer — The supporter of a shield on an
escutcheon.
Bearing? — A charge; any single charge or
emblem Included within an escutcheo ».
(Generally used in the plural, as "ar-
morial bearings.")
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Beauseant — ^Bevelled.
11
Beauseant — (Bo'-ze-aunt) The banner
borne by the Knights Templar in the thir-
teenth century. It was of cloth, sable
and argent.
BeballF — A word used by some of the old
writers for party per pale. (Parker:
OI088. of Her.)
Beeqne — [See beque.]
Bee — Sometimes made use of in heraldry.
Sir Robert Peel used bees in his arms,
and so did Sir Richard Arkwright.
Belle — (Bel'-ic) A term sometimes used
for gules. (Universal Diet.)
Bell — Church bells have been made use of
In heraldry, though not frequently. The
same can be said of hawks' bells.
Belled — ^When a falcon or a hawk has
bells affixed to its legs it Is said to be
helled.
Belt — A badge of knighthood.
Bend — One of the ordinaries. It is formed
of two lines, and is drawn from the dexter
chief to the sinister base point of the
escutcheon. It generally occupies one-
fifth of the field ; but formerly it was
one-fifth only when plain, and one-third
when charged.
BBin>.
The bend is said to have been derived
from the border on a woman's cap known
as a bend. It is possible that its origin
was a representation of the baldric. Ac-
cording to some, the origin was a scaling
ladder. In the beginning of heraldry the
bend was a mark of cadency, but later be-
came an honorable ordinary.
"The diminutives of the bend are the
bendlet, garter or gartler, which is half
its width ; the cost or cottice, which is
one-fourth ; and the riband, which is one-
eighth." — GI088. of Her.
Bend Sinister — An ordinary resem-
bling the bend in form, but extending
from the sinister chief to the dexter base.
The diminutives of the bend sinister are
the scarpe, which is half its width ; and
the baton, half as wide as the scarpe and
couped.
In Bend — When bearings are placed
bendwise the term in hend is used.
Per Bend — [See party per bend, under
Party.]
Bendlngr — The same as bendy. (Chaucer.)
Bendlet — A diminutive of the bend. Gen-
erally it is half the width of the bend;
but sometimes it appears much narrower.
In ancient heraldry a bendlet azure on a
a coat was a mark of cadency.
"Bendlets are occasionally enhanced or
placed In chief sinister." — (Olos. of Her.)
Bendy — An escutcheon having bends which
divide it diagonally into four, six dr
more parts is called bendy. The lines
lire drawn in the same direction described
under bend : when drawn in the contrary
direction they are styled bendy sinister.
Bendy Barry — See Barry Bendy.
Bendy Lozengy — Having each lozenge
placed in bend.
Bendy Pilby — Divided Into an equal
number of pieces by piles placed bend-
wise across the escutcheon.
Beque — (Bee'-kay) Beaked. This term is
used of a bird having its bill of a color
different from that of the body. [See
beaked.]
beque.
Bevelled — [See bevilled.]
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BeviUed— Bird.
Beamed — (Bev'-llled) When the outward
lines of an ordinary turn in a sloping di-
rection.
BeTilways — At a bevil. This term is used
of charges or anything similar.
Bexant — (Be-zanf) A gold roundlet, rep-
resenting a coin of that name. It is sup-
posed to have been Introduced into Eng-
lish heraldry by the Crusaders, who had
received the gold coin while in the East.
BEZANTS.
[See also roundel.]
[For Crotts Bezant, see under cbo.ss.]
Bexante — (Be-zan'-tay) Covered or stud-
ded with bezants ; sem6 of bezants.
Bleapitated — ( By-cap'-i-ta-ted ) Having
two heads, such as the two-headed eagle
on the arms of Russia, as well as on those
of Austria.
Bicorporate — (By-cor'-por-ate) Having
two bodies ; having the hinder parts in
duplicate, with one head and one pair of
forepaws.
BIgr — [See bigg.]
Blgrg:— Barley. Specifically, the barley \
common In the north of Scotland, having
six rows of seed. Bigiand of Bigland
* bore **Asure, two ears of bigg or.'* (Also
written big.)
Billliead — The head of a bill. Generally
borne on a charge. (The bill was a war
instrument — a species of halberd.)
Billet— (Biir-et) (1) An oblong square,
supposed to represent a sheet of paper
folded in the form of a letter. Its pro-
portion is two squares.
BILLET.
(2) A staff as a billet, raguled and
tricked, meaning a ragged stafiC in pale.
(G1088. of Her.)
Billetty— (Bill'-et-ty) Sem€ of billets.
BiLLETTY COUNTER-BILLETTY Barry
and paly, the divisions of the former be-
ing as wide again as those of the latter.
Bird — Birds figure to a large extent in her-
aldry, and represent the contemplative
as well as active life. Among those used
with the greatest frequency are the fol-
lowing :
Eagle, Sheldrake,
Falcon, Raven,
Swan, Rook,
Peacock, Owl,
Pelican, Cock,
Ostrich, Popinjay,
Stork, Congh,
Heron, Shoveller,
Cormorant, Swallow,
Among the terms applied to birds are
Membered, Armed, Closed, Disclosed, Ris-
ing and V^olant.
Bird and bantling — A Lancashire
term, applied to the well-known crest of
the Stanleys of an eagle preying on a
child.
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Bird-bolt— Boar.
13
Bird-bolt — A short arrow with a broad,
flat end.
BIRD-BOLT.
Bitted — Said of a horse when borne with
a bit of a different tincture from the ani-
mal itself, when it is said to be bitted of
that color. This term is also used to de-
scribe a horse's head with bit and rein ;
as, "Three horses' heads couped, bitted
and reined or."
Black — This color in heraldry Is Icnown
as SABLE.
Blackamoor— A negro. Channing of Fox-
cote bore : "Argent, three blackamoors*
heads couped sable, capped or, fretty
gules."
Bladed — (Bla'ded) A term used when the
stalk of any grain is of a color different
from the ear.
Blanch — White. [Argent.]
"Nor who, in field or foray slack,
Saw the blanche lion e'er fall black?"
— Scott: Lay of the Last Minstrel
Blasted — When a tree Is leafless It is said
to be blasted.
Blase — To emblazon ; to blazon. (Con-
tracted from blazon.)
Blaslngr star — A comet.
Blazon — (Bla'-zon) To describe a coat of
arms ; to give an accurate description.
"Proceed unto the beasts that are given
in arms, and teach me what I ought to ob-
serve in their blazon,"— PeacTiam.
"The coat of arms of which I am not
herald enough to blazon into English."—
Addtson.
H The word blazon comes from the Ger-
man word hlaaen, to blow as with a horn,
because i^ the age of heraldry the style
and arms of each knight were so pro-
claimed on public occasions.
Blazoned — That which is blazoned; a
blazoned coat of arms.
"Now largesse, largesse. Lord Marmion,
Knight of the crest of gold!
A blazoned shield, in battle won."
— Scott: Marmion.
Blazoner— One who blazons coats of arms.
Blazonry — The art of blazoning; to de^
scribe a coat of arms in the technical lan-
guage of heraldry. The rules of blazon are
remarkable for their precision, simplicity,
brevity and completeness. The proper
order of describing arms is : First, give
the field, its color (or arrangement of
colors, if more than one), and che char-
acter of partition lines when parted;
second, the charges, and first those ol
most importance, their name, number and
position (when an animal. Its attitude) ;
third, marks of difference, cadency, bar-
onet's badge, etc.
Blaznre — [From blazon.]
"The blazure of his armes wa» gules."
Berners: Froiasart, chap. 281,
Blemisll [See BLEMISHED.]
Blemizlied — (BlemMshed) Having an
abatement or rebatement. (Used of a
sword with its point broken.)
Bllgrlited — The same as blasted.
Block Brnsli — A bunch of the plant
Butcher's Broom (Ruscua aculeatus). It
is borne by the butchers' company of
London.
Blood Color — Sanguine. (Not to be con-
fused with bloody.)
Bloody — Gules.
Bloody Hand — A hand tinctured gules.
The device of Ulster, hence borne by
baronets.
Bine — This color in heraldry is known as
AZURE.
Bine Mantle — One of the pursuivants In
the College of Arms.
Boar — The boar Is one of the ancient
charges of heraldry. With the exception
of the lion, it is the only beast borne in
the roll of Henry III.
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Boltant — ^Bretage.
Boltant — (Bolt'-ant) BoltlDg; springing
forward. ( Used of a hare or rabbit )
Boltlns — [See boltant.]
Bomb-ahell — A fire. ball; a projectile of
oval shape.
Bonnet — The velvet cap within a coronet.
Border — [See borddbb.]
Bordnre — (Bor'-dure) The border of an
escutcheon, occupying one-fifth of the
shield. It Is sometimes the mark of a
younger branch of a family ; and, again,
when charged, may refer to maternal de-
scent, especially in ancient heraldry.
When used in an impaled coat the bor-
dure is not continued around the inner
aide.
BOBDUBX.
"In blazoning arms the bordure is
placed over all ordinaries except the
chief, the quarter and the canton. It
has no diminutives, but may at times be
surmounted by' another of half its width.
When a bordure is bezants, billett^ or has
similar markings, the number of jezants
or billets, unless otherwise mentioned, is
always eight." — (Gloss, of Her.)
BoBDER CoMPONY — Thls should be com-
posed of 16 pieces. It implies augmenta-
tion, or, in more recent times. Illegitimacy.
Bote-roU — The same as cbampit.
Bottoned—(Bot'- toned) Having bottonies,
buttons, round buds or knots. They are
generally displayed in threes. The term
is essentially the same as treffled (tre-
folled).
Bottony — (Bot'-ton-y) A bud-like projec-
tion, of which three are generally together.
Cross Bottony — A cross of which each
limb terminates in three bud-like prom-
inences, presenting a slight resemblance
to the trefoil.
CROSS bottony.
Bonaret — (Bou'-Jet) A bucket for carrying
water. It is an early charge, and is iden-
tified with the names of Ros and Rose.
[ See WATER budget. ]
Bonrdonnee — (boor'-don-nay') With the
extremity shaped like the handle of a pil-
grim's staff ; as, a cross bourdonnie. This
was the original cross on the arms of
Jerusalem, now blazoned *'A cross potent.*'
Bow — The bow occurs In heraldry occa-
sionally, though not as frequently as
might have been expected, considering it
was once an essential weapon of war.
BoBon — The same as bird-bolt.
Braced — Interlaced. (Also written brazed.)
BBAGED.
Bracelet — The same as barrdlet.
Bramed — Braced; Interlaced. [Interprbt-
TED.]
Bretasre— (Bret'-lg) Having embattlements
on each side.
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Brick— Cadency.
15
Brick — Somewhat resembling a billet, but
showing its thickness In perspective.
BRICKS.
Broad Arrow — The head represents a
pheon, except the engrailing, or jagging,
on the inner edge is wanting.
Brock — [See badger.]
Broom Plant — The badge of the Plan-
tagenets.
Bndgrct — [See water budget.]
BnlTaloc — A name applied by some of the
earlier writers to the common bull.
Baffler— A wild bull.
Ballet — (Bur-let) A name sometimes given
to the ogress or pellet.
Bute — One of the pursuivants of the Lord
Lyon's Court, Scotland.
C.
Cabled — The same as cablee.
the two ends of a ship's cable ; sometimes
also to a cross covered over with rounds
of rope; more properly called a cross
corded." — Reea: Cyclopedia.
Cablc^e-
ends.
-A cross composed of two cable
CROSS cables.
"Cabled is applied to a cross formed of
CabfMsked — See [caboshbd.]
Caboshed— (ka-boshf) The head of a
beast borne full-faced, and without any
neck showing.
"Caboched, caboshed or cabossed • • •
is whpre the head of a beast is cut off be-
hind the ears by a section parallel to the
face ; or by a perpendicular section, in
contradistinction to couped, which Is
done by a horlzgntal line ; besides that, It
is farther from the ears than cabossing.
The head, In this case. Is placed fhll-
faced, or affronts, so that no part of the
neck can be visible. This bearing is by
some called trunked."— i2ce«e; Cyclopedia.
Cabossed — [ See caboshed. ]
Cadence — (Ca'-dence) The different steps
in the descent of a family.
Cadency — (Ca'-den-cy) As the original
object of armorial bearings was to dis-
tinguish one iron-encased warrior from
MARKS OF cadency.
another. It was also necessary to provide
distinctive bearings for different mem-
bers of a family all entitled to bear the
paternal arms. This gave rise to the use
of Marks of Cadency, or differences
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Cadet— Cat.
(called by the French briaure.) They are
as follows :
1— Lable, ^Fleur-de-lis,
Z-C'escent, 7— Boac,
3— Mal'et. 8— Gross MoUne,
4-Mar*let, 9-Octofoa
6— Annulet,
The eldest son (during the lifetime of his
father) bears a lable of three points ; t'ae
second son, a crescent ; the third, a mul-
let ; the fourth, a martlet; the fifth, an
annulet ; the sixth, a fleur-de-lis ; the
seventh, a rose ; the eighth, a cross mo-
line ; the ninth, an octofoil. A younger
son of a younger son places a mark upon
a mark. Thus the ninth son of a ninth
son would place an octofoil upon an octo-
foil.
Cadet— A younger brother ; a Junior branch
of a family.
Calf — The Calf appears In heraldry occa-
sionally. Le Vele of Tortworth bore "Ar-
gent, on a bend sable" three calves or,"
and Calverley, "Argent, on a fesse gules
three calves or."
Calthrop — (Car-throp) An Implement of
war, four-spiked, and when thrown on
the ground one point always stood up-
right. Also known as caltrop and cheval-
trap.
CALTHROP.
Caltrap — [See calthrop.]
Calvary Cross — A cross mounted on three
steps. The steps allude to the three Chris-
tian graces — Faith, Hope and Charity.
Camelopardel — (Cam-el-o-par'-del) An
Imaginary beast, with neck and head like
a camel, spotted like a pard, with two
straight horns similar to those of a
giraffe.
Campane — (Cam-pa'ne)
shaped object.
A bell; a bell-
Campaned — (Cam-pa'ned) Bearing bells,
or furnished with bells. (Campane and
Campaned are terms that are little used.)
Cannet — (Can '-net) A charge of ducks
represented without beaks or feet.
Cantingr Arm* — The same as Allusive
ArmSf which see, under arms.
Canton — (Can'-ton) A division of the field
placed in the upper dexter corner. It is
classed by some heraldic writers as ^ne
of the honorable ordinaries ; but, strictly
speaking, it Is a diminutive of the Quar-
ter, being two-thirds the area of that or-
dinary. However, In the roll of Henry
III the quarter appears In several coats
which in later rolls are blazoned as can-
tons. The canton, like the quarter, is an
early bearing, and Is always shown with
straight lines.
Canton Sinister — A canton placed on
the sinister side of the shield.
Cantoned — (Can'-toned) Applied to a
shield in which the four spaces around a
cross or saltier are filled with any pieces.
Cap of Maintenance — The cap of state
carried before a sovereign at his corona-
tion. Occasionally used as a bearing on
a shield.
Cat — The Cat figures In heraldry as the
Musion, the Catamount, Cat-a-mountain,
Wildcat and just plain cat.
The Keate family bore "Argent, three
mountain cats passant In pale sable."
The musion was the emblem of Bur-
gundy, and, according to a fable of the
day, the arms of an imprisoned cat were
granted to the knight who took prisoner
Gundemar of Burgundy.
Digitized by
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Catamount — Chess-rook.
17
Catamount — [See cat.]
Cat-a-monntaln — [See cat.]
Chabot — [See chalbot.]
Chafant — (Char-ant) Applied to a boar
when depicted as enraged.
Chain — The chain was borne by the kings
of Navarre, the arms being blazoned:
**Gules, a trellis of chains or, in cross
saltire."
Chalbot — (shal'-bot) The heraldic name
of the fish commonly known as Bullhead
or Miller's Thumb.
Chamber — The cylindrical part of ord-
nance is blazoned as Chamber. Example :
"Three chambers sable, fired proper."
Champ — The field or ground of a field.
"The champe of his field was gules."—
Lydgate.
Champaln — (Cham'-'pain) A mark of dis-
honor in the coat of arms of one who has
killed an opponent after he has asked
for quarter.
Chancellor — A functionary in an order
of knighthood. For example, the Chan-
cellor of the Order of the Garter, ^o
acts in the capacity of secretary of that
order.
Chapean — (shap'-o) A cap of state borne
by a duke.
Chaperon — (shap'-er-on) An ornamental
hood worn by the Knights of the Garter
when in full dress.
Chaperonnet — (shap-er-on'-net) A small
hood.
Chaponrnet — (shap-our'-net) A chaper-
onnet borne In arms dividing the chief
by a bow-shaped line.
CHAPODRNET.
Chaplet — A garland or wreath ; a head
band of leaves borne in coats of arms in
token of great military prowess. The
chaplet made its first appearance in the
roll of Edward II.
Charge — To place upon an escutcheon.
Charge — Anything occupying the field in
an escutcheon. There are two kinds of
charges — proper and common.
Proper Charqfs — So called because
they peculiarly belong to the art of
heraldry. [See ordinary. '\
Common Charges — Those charges
which have been imported into heraldry
from all quarters, representing an array
of objects, natural and artificial, from
reptiles and insects to the human being
and celestial figures.
"The charge is that which is borne
upon the color, except it be a coat di-
vided only by partition." — Peacham.
Charged— A charge placed upon the field.
Chansfie — (sho'-say) This term denotes
a section in base formed by a line from
the extremity of the base ascending to
the side of the escutcheon, joining it at
about the fesse point.
Cheeky — (check'-y) A field divided into
small squares, of different tinctures, re-
sembling a chess-board. Usually made
up of seven squares in the top line, and
In depth according to the length of the
shield.
CHBCKT.
Cheeqny — [See checkty.]
Chess-rook — A bearing which resembles
Digitized by
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Chester — Cleche.
the rook, or castle, in chess.
CHE8S-nOOK.
Chester — One of the heralds of the Col-
lege of Arms.
Cheval Trap — [See calthrop.]
Chevalier — (shev'-a-ller) A horseman
armed at all points.
Cheveron — [See chevron.]
Chevron — (shev'-ron) One of the honor-
able ordinaries. It is rafter-shaped, and
its breadth is one-fifth of the field. Its
diminutives are the Chevronel, which is
one-fifth of its breadth ; and the Couple-
close, one-quarter. When repeated up to
three they may be chevrons or chevron-
els; exceeding three, the bearing is chev-
ronny, unless the number is specified.
CHEVRON.
Chevron Couped— Applied to a chevron
which does not reach the sides of an
escutcheon.
Chevron in Chief — One which rises
to the top of the shield.
Chevronel — (shev'-ron-el) A diminutive
of the chevron, being half its breadth.
-[See CHBVRONNY.l
Chevronny — (shev'-ron-ny) A shield laid
out in partitions chevronwise.
Chief — The head or upper part of the
shield, containing a third of the field, and
is divided off by one line, either straight
or crenelle (indented). When one chief
is borne upon another it Is called sur-
mounting.
CUIKF.
In Chief— Anything borne in the chief.
On Chief — When the chief is charged
with anything.
Chief Point — The uppermost part of the
shield, and can be either dexter, middle
or ainiftter.
Chimsera — (ki-me'-ra) A modification of
some existing animal, such as the winged
lion of St. Mark, the dragon, etc.
Chonsrh — (shuflf) [See atlet.1
Cinanefoil — (sink'-foll) A five-pointed
leaf ; usually borne without a stem.
Clareneenx — (Clar'-en-saw) The title of
the second King-of-Arms. He ranks next
to Garter.
Clarion— (klar'-i-un) An instrument some-
what resembling a trumpet. The clarion
borne by Granville, however, resembles
the pan-pipe.
Cleche — (clay'-shay) A cross charged with
another of the same design, but having
Digitized by
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Clouee— Com]Mutmeiit.
19
the same color as the field, leaving only
a narrow border of the first cross visible.
(Can be used of other bearings.) [Com-
pare with VOIDED.]
CROSS CLECHE.
Clovee — (klu'ay) [French.] Said of the
fretty when nailed at the Joints.
Close — The wings of a bird close to the
body.
Closed — Applied to a bird borne with
wings folded close to the body.
Ooset — A diminutive of the bar, being
one-quarter the breadth of that bearing.
Closeted — Inclosed within closets ; sup-
plied with closets.
Coambalant — Walking together.
Coat — Coat of Arms, Coat-Armor, Oote-
Armure, etc. — Originally armorial bear-
ings were embroidered on the surcoat of
the wearer. The term Is now used for
the escutcheon, or shield, when arms are
displayed. [For further information on
coats of arms see arms.]
C<»ck — This fowl Is generally borne as a
crest, but occasionally appears on the
shield. When the beak, comb, wattles and
spur are given, he is said to be beaked,
wattled (or Jewlapped) and armed.
CiNskatrlce — A fabulous animal supposed
to have been produced from a cock's egg
hatched by a serpent. [See basilisk.]
Co-erectant — (co-erect'-ant) Applying to
things set up side by side.
Ccpar — The heart of the shield. The same
as the center or fesse point.
Coffnlsance — [See badge.]
Collar — An ornament for the neck worn
by a knight or other member as a badge
of that order.
Collared — The same as gorged.
College of Arms — (Or Herald^ Ooh
lege) is located on Queen Victoria street,
B. C, London, a royal corporation found-
ed by King Richard III. It consists at
present of the Earl Marshal, his secre-
tary, a Registrar, three Kings at Arms —
Garter, Clarenceux and Norry — and the
following Heralds: Chester, Lancashire,
York, Somerset, Richmond and Windsor.
There are also four Pursuivants — Rouge
Croix, Bluemantle, Rouge Dragon and
Portcullis — besides various other officers.
This institution determines all questions
relating to arms and grants of armorial
bearings. The office of Earl Marshal is
now hereditary, being held by the Dukes
of Norfolk. The corresponding college
for Scotland Is know as Lyon Court, and
that of Ireland Office of Arms.
Color — For the colors of heraldry see
TINCTURE.
Combatant — (com'-bat-ant) A term ap-
plied to beasts borne face to face, as in
the attitude of fighting.
(Also written Combattant.)
COM DATA XT.
Commantty — Arms of Community. [See
under ARMS.
Companion — A term applied to a certain
grade of members In some of the knightly
orders, as, a Companion of the Bath.
Companionship — The rank of a knight
companion of certain orders.
Compartment — The partitions and quar-
terlngs of the escutcheon according to
the coat in it.
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Compone — Ck>roiiet.
Compose — [See compony.]
Componed — [See compont.]
Compony — (com-po'ny) A border, bend,
etc., composed of a row of squares con-
sisting of colors and metals. (Sometimes
written oompon6.)
CoMPONT CoDNTER-coMPONT— Thes«me
as above, but arranged in two rows.
Composed — Arms Composed are the addi-
tion by a gentleman to his own armorial
bearings of a portion of those borne by
his wife. The practice is now obsolete,
the device of marshalling the arms of
one's wife with his own having rendered
its continuance unnecessary^ (Olosa. of
Her.)
Conca-red — When ordinaries, etc., are
bowed in the form of an arch they are
sometimes referred to as concaved.
Concessloii — Arms of Concession.
under ARMS.]
[See
Confronte— (kon'-frun'-tay') Face to face;
two animals facing each other.
CONPRONTE.
Conner — (kon'-ger) An eel. Specifically,
the large sea eel found on the coast of
Britain.
Contoame — ( kon'-toor'-nay ' ) [ French. ]
Turned in a direction not the usual one.
Applied to a lion or other animal statant,
passant, courant, etc., with its face to the
sinister side of the escutcheon. (Some
writers use the word "counter" in this
sense.)
Contre— (con'-tre) [French] Used, In com-
position, to describe several bearings
when they cut the shield In a contrary
and opposite manner. Example : Contre-
ch€,vron, alluding to two chevrons oppo-
site to each other — where color opposes
metal and metal opposes color.
Contey — (co'-ney) This is the heraldic
rabbit. (Also written cony, conl, conni
and conlg.)
Corbeaa — The same as corbie.
Corbie — (kor'-by) A raven ; a crow. (Alio
written corby.)
Corby — The same as corbie.
Cordal — (cord'-al) A string of the robe of
state, composed of silk and* gold threads,
twisted like a cord, and having a tassel
at the end.
Corded — Bound or wound round with
cords.
Cordon — (cor'-don) A ribbon worn across
the breast by knights of some orders.
Coric — One of the heralds of the Office of
Arms, Ireland.
Corned — When the horns of a beast, such
as the bull, are of a different tincture
from that of the body he Is then said to
be corned of that tincture. [See armed 3.]
Cornlnhed — (corn'-ished) Adorned with a
cornish or molding.
Coronet — An inferior sort of crown worn
by nobles. The Prince of Wales' coronet
consists of a circle of gold, jeweled, edged
above with four crosses pat^e and as
many fleur-de-lis, and closed with four
bars and an orb and cross. A duke's cor-
onet is bordered with eight strawberry
leaves ; that of a marquis with four, al-
ternating with four pearls; that of an
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Cost — Counterpointe.
21
earl has eight strawberry leaves alter-
nating with eight pearls ; the viscount
uses pearls only, but of an Indefinite num-
ber, while the baron is restricted to four
pearls only.
% The bishops of England have no coro-
net, but ensign their arms with a mitre.
Cost — One of the subordlnarles, being a
diminutive of the bend. When borne in
pairs it Is called Cottise.
Cotlse — [See cottise.]
Cottsed — [See cottised.]
Cottise — (cot'-tise) The same as cost.
Cottised — (cot'-tlsed) A term applied to
ordinaries when borne between two cot-
tises.
CoQchant — (couch'-ant) Applied to an an-
imal lying down, with head raised.
couchant.
II This term differs from dormant in
that in the latter sense the beast Is rep-
resented sleeping.
CoQclie — (coo-shey') [French.] Said of
anything lying sideways, as a chevron
couch6=Q. chevron placed sideways.
Counter — In an opposite direction ; con-
trary to the usual position. Sometimes
used to denote an animal facing the sinis-
ter side of the shield. [In this sense see
Contourn€.'\
Counter- ATTIRED — Applied to the dou-
ble horns of animals when borne two
one way and two another — in opposite di-
rections.
Counter - chevronne — Chevronny di-
vided palewise. (Said of the field.) The
equivalent of chevronn^, of chevronny.
Counter-compont — A border, bend,
etc., which is composed of two rows of
checkers of alternate tinctures.
Counter - couchant — Animals borne
couchant, their heads being in opposite
directions.
Couxter-courant — Said of two ani-
mals borne conrant, and with their heads
in opposite directions.
Counter-embattled — Applied to an
ordinary embattled on both sides.
Counter-ermine — The contrary of er-
mine, being a black field with white spots.
[See Ermines.]
CouNTER-FLEURY— A term used to show
that the fiowers adorning an ordinary
stand opposite to each other.
Counter-passant — Applied to two an-
imals borne passant going in contrary
ways.
CouNTER-poTENCE — Said of potences
when placed opposite each other.
Counter-quartered — When each quar-
ter of an escutcheon is again quartered.
Counter-salient — Applied to two an-
imals borbe salient in opposite directions.
Count^r-trippant — Animals trlppant
in opposite directions.
Counter-tripping— The same as Goun-
tertrippctnt.
Counter-vair— A variety of vair, in
which the cups or bells are arranged base
to base and point to point.
Counter-vair Y — The
vair.
same Counter-
Comiterehangred — A term which denotes
that the field is of two tinctures, metal
and color ; that part of the charge which
lies in the metal being of color, and that
part which lies in the color being metal.
Connterpaled — A term used of an es-
cutcheon which is divided into an equal
number of pieces palewise by a line fesse-
wise, the tinctures above and below the
fesse line being counterchanged.
Corniterpointe — (-point-^) Made use of
to describe two chevrons which meet with
their points in the center of the shield,
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Couped — Crest.
counter to each other. (The French use
contrepoinU.J
CODNTERPOINTB.
Cooped — (koop'd) Said of an animal hav-
ing the head or any limb cut clean off
from the body.
t A head couped is a head having the
appearance of being cut off with a sharp
knife.
COOPED.
Couple-close — One of the diminutives of
the chevron, being one-quarter the breadth
of that ordinary. It is borne in pairs,
inclosing the chevron. (Sometimes wri-
ten couple-closs. )
Coaple-closed — Inclosed by the couple-
close ; as, "A chevron couple-closed.
Co-ward — Said of beasts represented with
the tail between the legs.
Crampit — The cramp-iron of a scabbard.
Cramponee — (cramp-on '-ay) A croos hav-
ing at each end a cramp or crampoon.
CBAMPONEE.
Crenellated — (cre'-nel-la-ted) An ordi-
nary indented as with crenelles.
Crescent — A bearing resembling the half
moon with the points turned up. When
used as a mark of cadency it denotes the
second son.
^
CRESCENT.
t When the points of the crescent face
dexter it Is increscent; toward sinister,
decrescent.
Crest — Originally the crest was the oma-
Digitized by
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Crined — Cross.
23
ment of the helmet, or headpiece, and
also afforded protection against a blow.
In the early roles It was scarcely noticed,
but in later armorial grants it came into
general use. Crests, like ai;ms, were some-
times allusive. Thus, Grey of Wilton
used a gray, or badger, and Lord Wells a
bucket and chain. In the early days of
the crest it was confined to persons of
rank, but in latter times it has been in-
cluded in every grant of arms.
H A coronet or helmet below the crest
is not a mark of rank.
Crined — Used to describe an animal hav-
ing its hair of a different tincture.
Crotsant — (crois'-ant) A cross the ends
of which terminate in crescents.
Crown — One of the earliest and noblest of
the honorable ordinaries. When borne
plain it is blazoned simply as a cross.
There are, however, more than a hun-
dred varieties, some of the better known
being the following :
Anchored, Pitchee,
Avellane, Flory
Bezant, Pormee.
Bottony. Moline.
Cablee, Patee,
Calvary, Potent,
Chain, Becercelee.
Cleche, Voided.
Crosslet,
■\
Cboss anchobbd — A cross In which
the limbs terminate In anchors.
inating in budlike prominences.
CROSS ANCHORED.
Cross Avellanb — Ending in filbert
husks.
Cross bezant — A cross composed of
bezants Joined together.
Cross bottany— With the limbs term-
CROSS BOTTONT.
Cross cablbb — A cross made up of
two cables.
CROSS CABLBB.
Cross corded— A cross bound or wound
round with cords. (This term is some-
times applied, though erroneously, to the
Cabl€e.)
Cross clbchb- — A cross charged with
another cross, of the same color of the
field, so large that only a narrow border
of the first cross remains visible.
Cross crosslet — A cross having the
three upper ends terminating in three lit-
tle crosses. It is usualy borne in num-
CROss crosslet.
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Cross — Crossbow.
"bers, but this Is not always the case.
Cross pitchee — Sharpened at the low-
er part ; pointed like a dagger. The arms
of the See of Canterbury represent four
crosses pat^e fltch^.
CKOSS FITCHEB.
Cross fleurt — Adorned at the ends
with flowers, generally the fleur-de-lis.
Cross fourchee — Having the ends
forked as branches, with the ends termi-
nating abruptly, as if cut off.
CROSS FOURCHEE.
Cross formee — Resembling the cross
pat^, but differing in that its extremi-
ties reach the edge of the field.
Cross moline — So called because its
shaipe resembles a mlllrind (the iron
clamp of the upper millstone). It Is
borne both inverted and rebated, and
sometimes saltlrewise or in saltlre. When
used as a mark of cadency it represents
the eighth son.
Cross op Calvary (or Cross of the
Crucifixion) — Represented mounted on
three steps.
Cross of St. George — A plain red
cross on a white field. It would be bla-
zoned "Argent, a cross gules."
Cross patee — The emblem of the
Knights of St. John, and is known as the
Croix de Mai the. It spreads out at the
ends.
Cross patonce — This has expanded
ends like the cross pat^e, but each tetmi-
nates in three points.
Cross pommee — With the ends termi-
nating in single balls.
CROSS pommee.
Cross potent — One which has its ends
T-shaped, or resembling a crutch. (Also
written potence.)
Cross ragdlt — A notched or Jagged
cross.
CROSS RAGULY.
Cross recercelee — A cross whose
ends are split and curled outward. It is
usually voided.
t
Cross crdee — Differs from an ordi-
nary cross only in that the extremities
are drawn to a sharp point instead of be-
ing cut straight.
Cross voided — A cross in outline only.
Cro8«-bar — Sometimes used to designate
the bar sinister ; a mark of illegitimacy.
CrossboTT — [See arblast.]
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Crossed — ^Debruised.
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CroMed — Borae crosswise.
CroM'VFlse — Id the figure of a cross. (Es-
sentially the same as* crossed.)
CroTvii — The crown of a sovereign prince
is usually closed at the top by four arched
bars, called diadems, and surmounted by
a globe and cross.
^ A crown placed below the crest does
not denote the rank of the bearer.
Iron crown — A crown which, besides
its gold and jewels, contains a thin circle
of iron, said to have been made from a
nail of Christ's cross. It was first used
at the coronation of the Lombird kings
in A. D. 591. Napoleon I was crowned
with it at Milan in 1805.
CroTTned — Surmounted by a crown. Some-
times a beast, generally the lion, is
crowned royally or ducally.
Cracilly — (cru'sll-ly) Said of a charge or
field strewn with crosses.
Crusade — One of several expeditions of
Christian knights against the Mohamme-
dans in the Holy Land. There were seven
distinct crusades.
Crasader — One who took part in the cru-
sades.
Cabtt arm — An arm cut off at the elbow.
Cappa — (kup'-pa) A fur composed of any
metal and color. Also called Potent-
counter-potent.
Carrant — The same as courant. (Vniver-
aai Diet.)
Cnrvant — (kurv'-ant) Curved ; bowed.
Cysnet royal — (sig'-net) A swan gorged
CTGNBT ROTAL.
with a ducal coronet, and a chain at-
tached thereto, being reflexed over the
back.
D.
Damasked— (dam'-askd) A field* or charge
covered with small squares. [See diaper.]
Dancette — (daN'-sa'-tay') Divided into
large zigzags; resembling the zigzag mold-
ing peculiar to Norman architecture.
H Dancett^ differs from indented in
that the former has deeper and wider
notches.
Dancy — (dan'sy) The same as dancettb.
Dauphin — (dau'-fln) [French. 1 The title
of the eldest son of the king of France
or the heir apparent to the throne under
the old monarchy. [Dolphin.]
H The title is said to have come from
the following circumstance : Humbert
II Lord of Vinne, who bore for a crest a
dolphin (O. Fr. daulphin), in the ninth
century, bequeathed his lordship as an
appanage to the French throne on con-
dition that the eldest son always bore
the title of Dauphin of Vlennols.
Debased — Turned over ; inverted.
Debased heraldry— Unheraldic. There
are a number of examples that could be
placed under this head. For instance,
one grant of arms shows negroes working
on a plantation; another has Chinamen
carrying cinnamon ; a Bishop of Ely bore,
among other things, three kings, on be-
zants, crowned, robed sable, doubled er-
mine, a covered cup in the right hand
and a sword in the left, both or; the
grant to Lord Nelson, as well as some of
his officers, were altogether unheraldic.
Debraised— (de-bruzd') Applied to a bend
when placed over an animal in such a
manner as to seem to restrain its freedom.
DEBRUISED.
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Dechausse — ^Diaper.
Dechansse — (day-sho'-say) [French.] The
same as dismembered.
Decked — Said of a bird when its feathers
are trimmed or edged with a smali line
of another color.
Decltnant— (dek'-Iin-ant) Used in describ-
ing a serpent whose tail is represented
straight downward. (Also caiied Dec-
llvant.)
Decltvant — (delc'-liv-ant) The same as
DECLINANT.
Decoaple— (de-koup'-lay) [French.] Part-
ed; severed. (The same as uncoupled.)
Decrement— (dec're-ment) The wane of
the moon from full to last quarter. [See
DBCBBSCENT.]
Decrescent — (de-kres'-sent) Said of the
moon when in her decrement. When the
crescent is borne with its points toward
the sinister side of the shield it is termed
decrescent.
Defamed — ^An epithet applied to an ani-
mal which has Ios{ its tail.
Degrraded — This word describes a cross
CBOSS DE6BADED AND CONJOINED.
that has steps at each end, diminishing
as they ascend toward the center.
Cboss degraded and conjoined — A
plain cross having degraded steps joined
to the sides of the shield.
Delf — One of the abatements; a mark of
disgrace, indicating that a challenge has
been revoked or one's word broken. The
delf is represented by a square-cut sod of
earth, turf. etc. [See also abatement.]
Delve — (delv) The same as billet.
Demembre — (da-mem'-bray) [French.]
The same as dismembered.
Demt — Said of any charge borne half, as
a demi-lion. (Also written demy.)
Demt-ararter — [See pbrclosb.]
Dent — Indented. (Universal Diet.)
Dentelle — (den-tel') [French.] The same
as indented.
Depressed — The same as debruised.
Descending — Said of an animal or bird
the head of which is represented turned
toward the base of the shield.
Descent — Coming down from above. Ex-
ample : A lion in descent=with his head
toward the base point and his heels
toward one of the corners of the chief, as
if in the act of leaping down from some
high place.
Detriment — (det'-ri-ment) Used some-
times to describe the moon on the wane
or in eclipse.
Developed — Unfurled, as colors flying.
Device — An emblem, intended to represent
a family, person, action or quality, with
a suitable motto. It srenerally consists
in a metaphorical slmiltude between the
thing representing and the person or
thing represented.
Devonrlnar — The same as vorant.
Dexter — The right : situated on the right.
The dexter side of the shield Is that op-
posite the left hand of the spectator.
Dexter chief point — A point in the
upper right-hand corner of the shield.
dexter chief point.
Diaper — (di'-a-per) A ground pattern, usu-
ally in squares or lozenges.
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Diapered — Displayed.
27
Diapered — (di'-a-perd) A shield diapered
is one covered with a ground pattern,
generally of squares or lozenges, with a
flower scroll work or other ornament in
each compartment. The idea is supposed
to have been copied from the linen cloths
of Ypress.
DIAPBBED.
1 While there are a number of early ex-
amples of diapered shields, it cannot be
called strictly heraldic.
Dtadem — An arch rising from the rim of
a crown and uniting with other arches to
form a center, which serves to support
. the globe and cross or fleur-de-lis as a
crest.
Difference — Some figure of mark added
-Lnjzr
V-O*
MABKS OF DIFFEBENCE.
to a coat Of arms to distinguish one fam-
ily from another. Modern marks of dif-
ference, or Marks of Cadence, are :
1— Lable, 6— Fleur-de-lis,
2— Crescent, 7— Rose,
3-MuUet,
4— Martlet,
5— Annulet,
8— Cross Moliue,
9— Octofoil.
Differenced — Marked or distinguished by
a difference.
Dimidiate — (di-mid'-l-ate) To represent
the half of any charge.
Dimidiation — [See dimidiate.]
Diminution — (di-mi-nu'-shon) The defac-
ing of some particular point in an es-
cutcheon.
Diminutive — (di-min'-u-tive) SomethlDi;
smaller than the regular size ; on a small-
er scale. For Instance, the diminutive of
the Bend is the Bendlet, being half its
width.
Dingrwall — One of the pursuivants of the
Lord Lyon*s Court, Scotland.
Disarmed — Applied to a bird or beast de-
prived of claws, teeth or beak.
DiseloMed — A term used to describe a bird
when its wings are spread open on eack
side, but the points downward.
disclosed.
Disclosed elevated — The same as dis-
closed, except that the points are ele-
vated.
Dismembered — Applied to bifds having
neither feet nor legs ; also, to animals
whose members are separated.
Displayed— Said of any bird of prey borne
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Distillatory— Dwalc.
erect, with the wings expanded. Applied
especially to the eagle.
DISPLAYED.
H This term is not to be confused with
DISCLOSED.
Distillatory — (dls-til'-la-tory) A charge
borne by the Distillers' Company, and
usually blazoned : '*A distillatory double
armed, on a fire, with two worms and
bolt receivers." (Ogilvie.)
HThe distillatory is an apparatus used
for distillation.
DisT-eloped — (dis-vel'-opd) Displayed, as
a standard or colors when open and fly-
ing. (Universal Diet,}
Dogr — The dog figures in heraldry in vari-
ous forms and under different names.
The alaund, or hunting dog, seems to
have been the most popular. Lord Dacre
used it as a supporter. Henry VIII had
his arms and badge placed on the collars
of his hunting, dogs. In the brass of Sir
Brian Stapleton at Ingham the' knight
rests his foot on a dog. The earls of
Shrewsbury use the talbot, or mastiff, to
support their shield. Burton of Falde
bore three talbots' beads erased or, while
Mauleverer of Allerton Mauleverer had
three greyhounds on his shield.
^ The dog is generally blazoned as a
talbot.
Dolphin — (dol'-fln) The dolphin is herald-
Ically a fish, Irregardless of what it may
be zoologically or astronomically. When
used as a charge it may be extended and
natant or haurlant, etc. Flshacre of
Fishacre bore **6ules, a dolphin natant
argent.** The dolphin was the emblem of
the Dauphins of France. [See also dau-
phin.]
Dominion — [See Arms of Dominion, un-
der abms.]
Dormant
sleeping posture.
DORMANT.
Dorsed — The same as avbrsant.
Doablins— The lining of robes of state;
also the mantlings borne around the
achievement of arms.
Draaron — The dragon is of ancient date
and played a prominent part in early ro-
mance, though little used In English her-
aldry. He is usually depicted with four
legs and wings, a long barbed tall, usu-
ally knotted, and a body protected by
scales. When the dragon is drawn with-
out wings he is called a lindworm ; with-
out feet, a serpent ; when he hangs by the
head, it represents a conquered dragon.
Drasonnee — (dra-gon'-nay) A fabulous
beast, the upper part resembling a lion,
and the lower part the wings and tail of
a dragon.
Dropa — The same as guttes.
Dablin — One of the heralds of the Office
of Arms, Ireland.
Dacal coronet — The head attire of a
duke, consisting of a circle of chased
gold, with eight strawberry leaves on its
upper edge, a cap of crimson velvet, ter-
minating at the top with a gold tassel.
When a coronet is used in a crest it is
generally the ducal.
Dalce — The highest rank In the peerage of
Great Britain.
D-wale — (dwat) — The tincture sable, or
black, when blazoned according to the
fantastic system in which plants are sub-
stituted for the tinctures. (Webster.)
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£agle— Embattled.
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E.
Basle — The Eagle plays an Important part
in heraldry in almost every part o^ the
globe. Its earliest rise to popularity,
however, was in Germany, where, after
it became the emblem of the empire, it
was adopted by some the princes and
many of the nobles. A double-headed eagle
is also the emblem of Russia and Aus-
tria. On the role of Henry III the eagle
appears but twice, but in the roll of Ed-
ward II there are forty-three exajnple of
it. Nobles of the Holy Roman Empire
place their shields on the breast of an
eagle, examples of which may be seen in
the arms of the Duke of Marlborough, the
Earl of Denbigh and Lord Arundel of
Wardour.
The imperial eagle is Invariably repre-
sented as two-headed, th«) origin of which
is obscure. CharlemagLe is said to have
used it to signify that in his hands was
the government of both the Roman and
German empires.
BICAPITATED.
(Two-headed Eagle.)
The eagle is generally borne displayed ;
that is, upright, breast to the front, and
legs, tail and wings expanded (common-
ly called a "spread eagle").
HThe Bald Eagle, adopted as the na-
tional emblem of the United States, Is a
large and powerful bird, with a far
greater spread of wing than the Euro-
pean white-tailed species.
Bared — Applied to animals borne with the
ears of a different color from that of the
body. In such a case the animal is said
to be "eared of**' such a color or metal.
Earl — The title of an English noble, the
third in rank, coming next below a mar-
quis.
Earl's cobojjbt — The head attire of
an earl, sometimes used in blazonry. The
crest of Davidson in Carlisle Cathedral
shows a bird rising out of an earl's coro-
net. This in unusual, however. Gen-
erally a ducal coronet is used.
Earl Marshal — An English office of
great antiquity, and is now hereditary
with the Dukes of Norfolk. The Earl
Marshal is the head of the College of
Arms, which institution determines all
questions relating to arms and grants of
armorial bearings.
Earl Marshal's Court — An Institu-
tion formerly existing in England, pre-
sided over by the Earl Marshal, in which
all questions and disputes concerning
coats of arms were settled. It has since
been abolished.
Bdsed — Applied to an ordinary to denote
that the edging is placed only between
the ordinary and the field, and not where
it Joins the escutcheon.
BITare — (af-fa'-ray) [French.] Said of an
animal when represented as rearing on
its hind l^gs from fright or rage.
Blsl&t-f oil — A grass that has eight leayes.
[See octofoil.]
Ele-rated — Applied to the wings of a bird
when upright and expanded.
Bmbattled — Indented like a battlement.
embattled.
The notch in a parapet is called an
embrazure, and the intermediate piece of
masonry a merlon. When a second and
smaller merlon is placed on the first the
battlement Is said to be stopped.
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Emblazon — Engrailed.
Embattled counteb-embattled — Em-
1)attled on both faces of tbe ordinary.
Embattled obadt — One embattlement
upon another.
Kmblason— To blazon; to place and ar-
range figures armorial.
ISmblasoner — One who blazons.
EfinblaKonineiit — The act or art of bla-
zoning; blazonry.
Kmblasonry — Heraldic representations
or decorations.
Bmbordered — (-bor'-derd) having a bor-
der of the same tincture as the Held.
Kmbordared — (-bor'-durd) The same as
EM bordered.
EmboTTed — (-bow'd) Bent or bowed.
ISmbraced — Braced together; bound or
tied together.
Embrasare — [ See embattled. ]
CSmbrotdery- — A term applied to a hill or
mount with several copings or rises and
falls.
Bmbraed — (-brud') Said of the mouths
of beasts when bloody from devouring
their prey ; also applied to a weapon rep-
resented as covered or sprinkled with
blood.
Emerald — Green. [See vert.]
Empaled — (-paled') This is a term used
to describe a shield in which coats of
arms are placed side by side, each occu-
pying one-half the escutcheon. The shield
is divided by a line down the center (per
pale). The arms of the husband are
placed on the dexter side, and those of
the wife on the sinister. [Empalement.]
Empalemeitt — Two coats of arms placed
on a shield palewise.
Bnalnron — (en-a-lu'ron) Applied to a
bordure charged with eight birds.
Enarcbed — Arched.
Eitarmed— Represented with horns, hoofs,
etc., of a different color from that of the
body.
Bncla-re — (in-kla've) [French.] Anything
which is represented as let into some-
-A pale having an endorse on
thin^ else, particularly when the bearing
so let in is square.
Endorse — One of the diminutives of the
pale, being one-eighth the breadth of that
ordinary. The endorse is used only In
pairs — one on each side of the pale. This
subordinary, like the pallet, was unknown
in ancient heraldry.
Endomed-
each side.
Enflled — Used to describe a sword drawn
as transfixing the head of a man or ani-
mal, a coronet or other object.
Enarlante— (an-glan'-tay) [French.] Bear-
ing acorns or something similar.
Enslialet — <eng'-lis-let) An escutcheon of
pretense.
Enaronlee — (an-goo'-lay) An epithet ap-
plied to a bend, cross, saltire, etc., when
the ends enter the mouths of lions, tigers
or other animals.
engodlee.
Enarrail — (-grail') To indent in curved
lines : to make ragged at the edges : to
spot as with hail.
Enarrailed— Indented in a series of curves.
engrailed.
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Engrailment — Ermines.
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This is applied to one of the partition
lines, as well as to some bends, etc.
"Polwheel beareth a saultier engrailed."
—Careio.
Bitsrallmeiit — The state of being en-
grailed or indented in curved lines.
Bnlianced — (en-hansd') Applied to an or-
dinary when removed from its proper po-
sition and placed higher up in the field.
Bnle^-e — (an-lev'-6) [French.] Raised or
elevated.
. BmnanclKe — (an-man'-shay . 'fFrench.]
Covered with or resembling a sleeve. Said
when the chief has lines drawn from the
center of the upper edge to the jsides to
about half the breadth pf the chief.
[Maunch.]
ESnrased— In a leaping posture. It is some-"
times used to describe the position of a
horse which in the case of other animals
would be saliant.
EhbIkh — To distinguish by a mark or orn-
ament, such as a crown, coronet, mitre,
etc. A bishop, for instance, ensigns his
arms with a mitre.
Prelates of the Roman Catholic Church
ensign their shields with a hat, the tas-
sels of which indicate their rank. A car-
dinal has four rows of red tassels, an
archbishop four rows of green tassels, a
bishop has three rows and an abbot two,
the latter's hat being black. Prelates
and legates place a patriarchal cross in
pale behind their shield.
A staff is sometimes said to beensigned
with a flag.
Enstarned — [See ensign.]
Ente — (an-tay') [French.] Applied to an
engrafted emblazonment. (Also written
ants.)
Bntoared — (en-toord') Said of a shield
decorated with branches.
EntTTtiied — The same as enveloped.
Ent^visted — The same as enveloped.
Eniirny — (en-ur'-ny) A term used to de-
scribe a bordure charged with eight ani-
mals of any kind.
H When birds are used enalurion is the
proper term.
En-reloped — Applied to charges around
which serpents are entwined. Also used
in the. c^se of laurel or other plants.
Environed — (-vl'-rond) Encircled; bound
round or about.
Erased — (e-ras'd) A term applied to the
head of an animal or other bearing hav-
ing the appearance of being forcibly torn
off, leaving jagged or uneven ends.
erased.
1 Erased is the opposite of couped, the
latter meaning cut off even, straight.
Eradicated — A tree torn up by its roots.
Ericina — [ See hedgehog. ]
Ermelin — [See ebmine.]
Ermine — (er'-min) One of the furs used
in blazoning, representing the skin of the
little animal of that name. A field of
ermine is white with black spots of a
particular shape.
A* ^ 4^ ^
ERMINE.
The animal ermine is scarcely known
in heraldry, although its fur is widely
borne.
Ermine* — The reverse of Ermine, being
white spots on a black field. (Sometimes
described as counter-ermine.)
Digitized by
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Erminites — Estoile.
Ermliiltea — (er-minMtes) The same as
Ermine, but with one red hair on each
side of the ermine spots.
ESrininoia — (er'-min-wa) The same as Er-
mine, except that the field is gold and
the spots black.
Escarbnncle — (es'-kar-bun-k*l) A charge
or bearing supposed to represent the
precious stone carbuncle, being a cross
of eight rays set with knobs and thearms
ending in fleur-de-lis. In another repre-
sentation of this bearing the ends are
connected by cross-bars. (Also called
Carbuncle.)
ESscallop — es-kor-up) The figure of a
scallop shell. This was originally worn
to signify that the wearer had made a
pilgrimage to the shrine of St. James,
Compostella, Spain. Later on it was
placed on the shield to show that the
bearer or an ancestor had been a Cru-
sader or had made a long pilgrimage.
ESscallopee — (es-korio-pay) [French.]
An escutcheon or a bearing which is cov-
ered with curved lines resembling scallop
shells. These lines should represent the
shells as overlapping each other.
ESCALLOPEE.
ESscalloped — (es-kol'-oped) The same as
ESCALLOPEE.
Escartel — (es-kar'-tel) To cut or notch in
a square form or across.
ESscartelee — (-kar'-tel-4e) Cut or notched
in a square form or across.
Esclatte — (es-klat'-ty) A term applied to
anything shivered by a battle axe.
ESacrol — (es-krol') The same as scboll.
ESacntcheoii — (es-kuch'-un) The shield,
on which all lines are drawn and charges
delineated; the background on which coat
armor is represented; known in blazon
as the field. It originally represented
the war shield of a knight, upon which
his arms were displayed.
ESCUTCHEON.
Escutcheon of Pretense — A small
shield bearing the arms of an heiress
placed in the center of her husband's
shield, instead of being impaled with his .
arms.
ESscotclieoiied— (es-kuch'-und) Having a
coat of arms ; supplied with an escutch-
eon ; placed in an escutcheon.
Eaqnlre— Formerly an armor-bearer or at-
tendant upon a knight.
BsMorant — (es'-so-rant) Said of a bird
represented with its wings half open, as*
if preparing to take fiight.
EJstoUe— (es'-twal) [French.] A starwith
six wavy points. It is different from a
^
^
estoile
mullet, the later having only five points,
and these are straight
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EstoUee— Fish.
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Estoilee — (es'-twal-^) [French.] A star
with four long rays in the form of a
cross, tapering from the center to the
points. (Also called a Oroaa EstoiMe.)
Extendant — (ez-tend'-ant) The same as
DISPLAYED. (Wings extended.)
Eyed — A term made use of in speaking of
the spots in a peacock's tail.
Eyrant — (i'-rant) Applied to eagles or
other birds in their nests.
F.
Falllla — (fftllMis) [French.] A fracture
in an ordinary, as if it were broken or a
splinter taken from it.
Falcon— The Falcon makes its appearance
frequently In heraldry. When It is borne
with Jesses (leather thongs about its
legs), a hood and bells, it is said to be
"Jessed, hooded and belled." When rep-
resented as feeding, it is "at prey." The
falcon is also known as a gerfalcon, pere-
grine falcon and tlercelet.
The lure was a bunch of feathers by
which the bird was taught to return.
False — Said of a charge when the central
area is removed.
Family — Arms of Family. [See under
ARMS.]
Feathered— Applied to an arrow in which
the feather is of a different tincture from
the shaft.
Fer de che-ral — A horseshoe.
Fer de moline — The same as millbind.
Feaa — [See fbsse.]
Fewe— (fes) One of the ordinaries. A
strip or band placed horizontally across
the shield, occupying one-third of the
field. Its diminutives are the bar, the
. barrulet and the closet.
H The term feasep is never used.
Fbssb line — The line constituting the
fesse.
Fbssb point — The exact center of the
shield.
FesseTTays — The same as fbssbwisb.
Feasevrise — In the sape of a fesse ; after
the manner of a fesse.
Fetterlock— Sometimes borne as a charge.
FETTERLOCK.
"A fetterl(^ck and a shacklebolt azure—
"What may that meanV'—Ivanhoe.
Feudal — Feudal Arms. [See under arms.]
Ftched — [See fitchee.]
Field — The surface of a shield upon which
the charges or bearings are blazoned ; or,
of each separate coat when the shield is
quartered or impaled.
Fillet — (fir-let) A bearing equaling in
breadth one-fourth of the chief. It is a
narrow strip laid upon the chief, a little
above its lower margin. Guilllm men-
tions the fillet as the diminutive of the
chief.
Fimbriated — (fim'-brl-a-ted ) Ornamented
with a narrow border or hem of another
tincture.
Fireball— A charge resembling the ancient
war instrument of that name, which was
an oval-shaped projectile made of canvas
and filled with combustible composition.
Fish — Fishes do not appear frequently in
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Fissure — ^Flcury.
heraldry, and are rarely seen in the
earlier coats. Among those used are :
Barbel. Luce,
Chalbot, Roach,
Conger, Trout,
Dolphin, Whale.
Herring,
[The above are all heraldically fish,
irregardless of their position in any other
science. ]
The fish may he borne natant, horizon-
tal ; haurient, vertical ; emhotced, bent.
Fissure — (fi'-sure) The fourth part of the
bend sinister. [See baton.]
Fltched — [See fitcheb.]
Fltcliee — (fitsh'y) Pointed like a dagger;
sharpened at the lower extremity. Fitch^e
is generally applied to crosses that taper
from the center downward. FitcMe at
the foot is used when the tapering begins
near the bottom of the cross.
<ft
4;=^^
CBOSS FITCHEE.
Fltchy — [See fitchee.]
Flamant — (flam'-ant) Flaming, burning,
blazing; a torch; a firebrand.
Flancli — The segment of a circle taken
shield, the margin of which forms the
cord. (Also written fiasque, flanque and
fiaunch.)
^ The flanch is always used in pairs —
one on each side. Its diminutive is the
voider. Neither is of great antiquity.
Flasane — The same as flanch.
Flaanch — [See flanch.]
Flecta n t — ( fleet '-ant) Bent serpentine
fashion, like the letter S. (Essentially
the same as embowed.)
Fleeted — [See embowed.]
Flear-de-lls — (fiur'-de-lee') Heraldically
this is a fiower, and stands at the head
of the flowers of heraldry. Its origin is
unknown, one "authority" claiming that
it was brought down from heaven by an
angel for the arms of France. It is also
said to mean the flower of Louis (Fleur
de Louis), and was certainly used by
Louis VII. It is undoubtedly the "flower
of the lily."
flanches.
out of the two sides or flanks of the
fleur-de-lis.
Originally the royal banner of France
was sem^ of Ha (completely covered with
fleur-de-lis) ; but from the time of Charles
VI it has consisted of -three golden fleur-
de-lis on a blue field.
The fieur-de-lis did not at first meet
with much favor in England, and did not
become popular, in fact, until its assump-
tion by Edward III. The French quar-
tering in the English royal arms was
abolished by George IV on his accession.
When used as a difference the fieur-de-
lis represents the sixth son.
Flenrette — [See fleury.]
Flenry — (flu'ry) A bearing adorned with <
fieur-de-lis, trefoils, etc. (Also written
flory, floretty, flury and fleurett4e.)
Digitized by
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Flexed — Fretted.
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Flbdby Cross — (Cross Fleury.) A
cross adorned with fleur-de-lis, trefoils,
etc. A cross whose ends terminate in
flowers. (Also called a BMourished Cross.)
Flexed — Bent, as an arm or limb. [Em-
bowed.]
Floretty — The same as pledry.
Flory — The same as fleury.
Flotant — (flo'-tant) Flying or streaming
in the air, as a flag flying to the breezes.
When applied to a bird it is the same as
VOLANT.
FLOTANT.
Flourished — [See fledry.]
Foldage— (fold-ige) Applied to leaves hav-
ing several foldings and turnings, one
from the other.
Forinee — (for-may') A cross having the
arms expanding toward the ends and flat
at the outer edges. It differs from the
cross pat^ in that the extremities of the
form^e reach the edge of the field.
Fountain — A bearing resembling the
roundel. It is a disk divided by six lines
wavy, tinctured argent and azure, to rep-
resent water.
Fourchee— (foor'-shay) Applied to across
CROSS FOURCHEE.
having the ends forked as branches, and
with the ends of the branches terminat-
ing abruptly as if cut off.
Fracted — (fract'-ed) Having a part dis-
placed, as a chevron fracted.
FRACTED.
Fraise — A strawberry leaf.
Free — A term applied to a horse when rep-
resented in a field.
Fret — A bearing composed of bars crossed
and interlaced, representing a trellis.
This was originally borne fretty. Usual-
ly composed of eight pieces. When the
Joints are nailed it is clouee.
FRET.
Fretted — ^Applied to charges interlaced
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Fretten — Gemelled.
with each other.
Fretten — The same as rBBTTiD.
Pretty — Applied to a bordure of eight, ten
or more pieces, each reaching the ex-
tremity of the shield, and interlaced
after the manner of the fret.
% The fret of eight parts was original-
ly blazoned as fretty. For instance, Mal-
travers bore "Sable, fretty or." This
later became "Sable, a fret or."
Fmcted — (fruct'-ed) Bearing fruit Ap-
plied to a tree or plant when so repre-
sented.
Funeral esentclieon — [See hatch-
ment.]
FnrloMint — (fur-i-os'-ant) An epithet ap-
plied to a bull or other animal when rep-
resented as in a rage or fury. (Also
called Rangant.)
Fnrnislied — Said of a horse when borne
bridled, saddled and completely capari-
soned.
Fnsll — (fu'-sil) An elongated lozenge. The
word comes from the French fu8€aru=ti
spindle, and the bearing is supposed to
represent a distaff charged with yarn.
FUSIL.
"Fusils must be made long, and small
in the middle. In the ancient coat of
Montague [Montacute?], * Argent, three
fusils In fesse gules.' " — Peacham.
It has been said the Perceys derived
their fusils from their lordship of Spin-
dleton.
•Q.
Gamb — The whole foreleg of a lion or
other beast. If couped or erased near
the middle joint is is called a paw.
Gambe — [See gamb.]
Garb — A sheaf of wheat. This was a popu-
lar bearing, especially in Cheshise. Some-
times it is banded of a different color.
t When the garb is used to designate
any other grain this must be specified.
Gardant — Applied to a beast represented
full-faced, or looking at the spectator,
whether the animal be rampant, passant
or otherwise. A beast of the chase — such
as the hart, stag or hind — when depicted
in this attitude is described as at gaze,
Garnlsbed — (gar'-nished) Applied to any
charge provided with an ornament.
Garter — The same as bbndlbt.
Garter Kino-at-Arms — The principal
king-at-arms in England, by whom arms
are granted and conferred under the au-
thority of the Earl Marshal. The office
was created by Henry V, in 1420.
Order op the Garter — This is the
most illustrious order of British knight-
hood. It was instituted at Windsor by
Edward III in 1348. It consists of the
sovereign and 25 companions, of whom
the Prince of Wales is always one. In
more recent times foreign princes have
been admitted. The knights place the
initials "K. G." after their names, which
take precedence of all other titles except
those of royalty.
Ganntlet — Originally a glove pt leather,
covered with plate metal to correspond
with the other parts of the armor. It
was at first worn without separate fingers.
Gase — [See at gaze.]
Gemel — (gem'-el) Parallel bars. [Bab.]
gembl.
Gemelled — Supplied with bars gemel;
placed between barrulets. [Barrulet.]
[Bars gemel.]
Digitized by
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Genuant — Griffon.
37
Genuant — (jen'-u-ant) Kneeling.
Gerto — [See garb.]
Gerbe — The French word sometimes used
for GABB.
Gerfalcon — [See falcon.]
Gobonated — (go'-bo-nat-ed) Applied to a
bordure, bend, etc., divided into equal
GOBONATED.
parts forming squares, gobbets. (Called
also gobon^ or gobony. [Essentially the
same as compoxy.]
Gobone — [See gobonated.]
Gobony — [See gobonated.]
Gold — ^Thls metal in heraldry is known
as OB.
Golden balls — The three golden balls
now universally seen as the pawnbrokers'
sign were taken from the arms of Lom-
bardy, Lombards having been the first
bankers and money lenders in London.
Golden Fleece— Order of the Golden
Fleece. — An order of knighthood insti-
tuted by Philip the Good, Duke of Bur-
gundy. It now belongs to both Spain
and Austria.
Gonfalon — ^(gon'-fa-Ion) A banner fixed
in a frame made to turn like a ship's
vane ; with streamers or tails, generally
three.
Gore — A charge consisting of two curved
lines — one from sinister chief point, the
other from base middle point, meeting in
an acute angle at the fesse point.
GOBB.
Gorared — An animal or bird is said to be
gorged when represented with a crown
or something similar around its neck. It
is then blazoned as "gorged with a
crown," etc.
Gonbawlc — A bird often used in falconry,
and somethings seen as a charge. Ridley
of Blaydon bore three goshawks argent.
Gradient — (gra'-dl-ent) Applied to a tor-
toise represented as walking.
GradT — Steps or degrees, or one battle-
ment upon another. (Also called bat-
tled-embattled and embattled grady.)
GraT — A badger.
Green — This color in heraldry is known as
VERT.
Grlece — A step; one of the steps upon
wbich crosses are sometimes placed.
Griffon— A fabulous beast, generally drawn
with the body, legs and tail of a lion, the
GRIPPON.
head of a cock or an eagle, a pair of
wings and long, sharp claws. When rep-
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Grittie — Gyronny.
resented on his bind legs he is segreant.
GBirroN-MALB — A griffon without
wings and having large ears.
Grittie — Said of a field when composed
equally of metal and color.
Gryphon — [See gbiffon.]
Gnardant — [See gabdant.]
Gnelphic Order — (guel'-fick) An order
of knighthood instituted for Hanover on
August 12, 1815, by George IV of Eng-
land, while still Prince Regent.
Gale — To color red ; to give the color of
gules to.
Gnles — (guelz) Red. This color on en-
graved escutcheons is represented by ver-
tical lines.
"The showery arch
With listed colors gay— or, azure, sulee—
Delights and puzzles the beholder's eye."
—J. Philips: Cider, ii.
GnMiet — An abatement ; a mark of dis-
grace. It somewhat resembles a gusset,
and is formed by a line drawn from
either dexter or sinister chief point one-
third across the shield, thence descend-
ing perpendicularly to the base. When
K
GUSSBT.
on the dexter side of the escutcheon it Is
an abatement for adultery ; when on the
sinister, for drunkenness. In this con-
nection it is scarcely necessary to say
that the gusset has been rarely used.
(Sometimes called a gore.)
Gatte — A drop. It is pear shaped, with
a tail like a tear on funeral drapery, or
like a Rupert's drop. [See also gutteb.]
Gvttee— (gut'-t4e) A shield sprinkled with
guttes, or drops. Like the roundel, their
name changes with the color, as follows :
Or, guttle d'or ; gules, guttle de sang ;
argent, guttle de I'eau ; sable, gutt^ de
poix; azure, gutt^ de larmes; vert,
guttle d'huile.
GUTTEB.
Gntty^ — [ See gutteb. ]
Gase — A roundel tinctured sanguine, rep-
resenting an eyeball. [Seealso boundbl.]
Gyron — (gi'-ron) A subordinary, consist-
ing of two straight lines, drawn froman^
given part of the field, meeting in aa
acute angle in the fesse point, it is a
GYBON.
Spanish ordinary, and Is supposed to
come from the word giron, a gusse..
The gyron, which is an old bearing, is
seldom used singly.
Gyronny — (gi'-ron-ny) A field divided
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Habited — ^Hedgehog.
39
Into gyrons, jarenernlly eig - sections.
When more than eight, the numoer must
be specified. For example : Bassing-
bourne — "Gyronny of 12, or and azure."
H.
Habited — Used to describe a man when
borne clothed.
Hand — The human hand plays its most
prominent part in heraldry as the device
of Ulster and the badge of baronets.
Dexter hand — The right.
Sinister hand — The left.
Harbored — Applied to the hart, stag, etc.,
when lying down. The same as couch-
ant in beasts of prey.)
Harrlngrton knot — Another name for
the fret.
Harp — The harp is the emblem of Ireland.
Its origin as the badge of Erin is obscure,
but probably alludes to the instrument
of Brian Boroimhe.
Harpy — The heraldic Harpy is a vulture
with the head and breast of a woman.
Hart— -The Hart, like the stag, is an old
bearing, though not of the earliest. John
Trie, son and heir of Alicia de Hertley,
bore **a hart's head caboched."
Hatclinient — A black panel, lozenge-
shaped or square, but hung corner-wise,
on which the arms of a deceased person
HATCHMENT.
are displayed ; usually hung on the walls
of his or her house.
The rules governing the arrangement
of the hatchment are: For a bachelor,
his entire achievement on a black ground.
For a single woman, her arms are placed
upon k lozenge, bordered with knotted
ribbons, also on a black ground. For a
married man (as seen in the illustration),
his arms impale those of his wife, unless
she be an heiress, when they are placed
on an escutcheon of pretense, the crest
and other appendages added, the dexter
half of the ground being black and the
sinister white. For a wife, the same as
for a husband, except the sinister half is
black and the dexter white. For a wid-
ower, the same as for a married man, ex-
cept the whole ground is black. For a
widow, the husband's arms are given
with her own, but upon a lozenge. In
case there have been two wives or two
husbands, the ground is. divided into
three parts per pale, the background of
the survivor being white. When the de-
ceased is a military or naval officer, col-
ors and military or naval emblems are
sometimes placed behind the arms.
"His obscure funeral :
No trophy, sword or hatchment o'er his bones."
— Shakespeare.
Hatchment is the same as achieve-
ment. The word is a corruption of atch-
ment, a shortened form of atchievement
(achievement).
"By pulling down several atchieve-
ments (commonly called hatchments K"
— Wood: Fasti Oxon.
Hanrlent — (hflu'-ri-ent) Applied to a fish
when borne palewise, or Upright, as if
putting its head out of the water to draw
or suck in air.
HauMe — (hos'-say) [French.] The same
as ENHANCED.
Hawk's lore — [See lure.]
Heart — The human heart is sometimes
borne. A case in point is the arms of
the Douglas family in allusion to the
mission of James Lord Douglas to the
Holy Land with the heart of Robert
Bruce. Douglas : "Argent, a man's heart
gules, ensigned by a royal crown proper,
on a chief azure two mullets of the first."
HedsrehoflT — Also known in heraldry as
the herisson and the ericus. The family
of Heriz bore "Azure, three hedgehogs
or. The Maxwells bear the hedgehog for
the lordship of Herrls.
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Helm — Hnmettee.
Helm — That part of a "toat of arms which
bears the crest.
Helmet — The helmet Is borne above the
shield and beneath the crest. Like the
coronet, it denotes the rank of the wearer.
Those used by English heralds are: (1)
For sovereigns and princes of the blood,
borne full-face, with six bars, all of gold ;
(2) for the nobility, of steel, with five
bars of gold, shown somewhat in profile ;
(3) for baronets and knights, of steel,
full-faced and open; (4) for an esquire
or gentleman, of steel, with the visor
closed, and represented in profile.
There is a further distinction made by
some heraldic writers, being a silver hel-
met, in profile, with gold ornament, and
four silver bars, for the lesser nobility,
or those ranking below a marquis.
The various distinctions of the helmet
are supposed to have been introduced
after the Restoration.
Herald — An oflScer whose duties, among
other things, consist of deciding on the
proper badges or coal^ armor of the no-
bility ; to grant, record and blazon arms ;
record genealogies, etc. The three prin-
cipal English heralds are called Klngs-
of-Arms (or king-at-arms). The princi-
pal herald of Scotland is called Lyon
Klng-of-Arms ; of Ireland, Ulster King-
of-arms. The Lancaster herald is in-
spector of regimental colors.
Heraldic — (her-ftl'-dic) Of or pertaining
to heralds or heraldry.
Heraldical — Heraldic.
Heraldlcally — In a heraldic manner ; ac-
cording to the rules of heraldry.
Heraldry — The art or science of blazon-
ing or describing In proper terms coats
of arms. It treats also of the history
and meaning of armorial bearings, rules
governing their use and transmission,
and their connection with titular rank,
family dignities and genealogies.
Heralds' Collegre — [See College of
ARMS.]
Heraldaliip-^The office or dignity of a
herald.
Heart — [See hubt.]
HerlatM»n — (her '-la-son) A hedgehog.
Heron — The heron is found In early coats
of arms, being one of the few birds en-
titled to this distinction. The family of
Heron of Chipchase and Ford, according
to the roll of Henry III, bore "Gules,
three herons argent."
Herrlnar — This fish is seen in the roll of
Edward II.
Hirondelle — A swallow.
Honor point — The point immediately
above the center of the shield, dividing
the upper portion into two equal parts.
Hood — The blinding cap on the head of a
hawk (in falconry) to make him sit quiet-
ly on his perch.
Hooded — Applied to a hawk or other bird
of prey when borne with a hood over its
head.
Horned — Applied to animals represented
with horns of a different color from the
animal Itself, or from the proper color of
the horns. For instance, a bull with red
horns would be described as horned gules.
Horae— The horse does not appear In early
examples of heraldry, although the
winged horse Is seen as the badge of the
Order of the Temple. A bay horse Is
known as a bayard, while the gray horse
is a Hard. When the horse Is displayed
caparisoned ; when In the field, he is free,
in harness he Is said to be barded and
Horseshoe — Sometimes used as a bearing,
one of the earliest examples being that of
William de Ferrars, sixth earl of Derby.
(Also called fer de cheval.)
Hnmet — [See humettee.]
Hnmettee — (hu-met'-tay) Said of an or-
HDMETTEB.
dlnary when cut off, or couped, so that
Its extremities do not reach the sides of
the shield.
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Hunting Horn — ^Inclave.
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HnntlnflT Itorn — A bearing representing
the bugle used in the chase.
Hamt — A charge representing a small
group of trees, generally borne upon a
mount or base.
Hurt — A roundel tinctured azure; a blue
ring. Some claim that it represents a
wound or hurt, while others say it is a
representation of the hurtleberry. [See
also ROUNDEL.]
Hnrty — Sown with hurts ; a field covered
with hurts, without regard to number.
I.
Icicle — (I'sik-kl) A charge resembling a
drop ; the same as the gutt4e except that
it is reversed.
Illearltlmacy^— The Marks of Illegitimacy
are varied, and in early examples are
scarcely to be distinguished from marks
of difference. The earliest known in-
stance in English heraldry is the six
lioncels borne by William Longspee, de-
rived from his father, Henry II. Sir
John Lovell le Bastard (In the roll of
Edward II) bore Lovell, with a label
azure. The cognizance of the Black
Prince, the three ostrich plumes, became
a part of the arms of his natural son,
Sir Roger Clarendon. Arthur Viscount
Lisle, son of Edward IV, placed a baton
over his father's arms. In some cases
a baton sinister was used, and sometimes
it was a border. The descendants of
Charles II use the whole arms with a
baton sinister or border ; those of Wfl-
llam IV the baton. With the house of
Bourbon the baton distinguished the
cadets, while the baton sinister marked
the illegitimates.
Impale — (Im-pale') To join two coats of
arms palewlse. (Also written empale.)
Impalement — ^The marshaling or arrang-
ing of two coats of arms on one shield,
divided palewlse, or by a vertical line.
When a husband impales his arms with
those of his wife, his generally occupy
the dexter side, while the wife's take the
sinister. This was not always the case,
however. In the impaled shield of John
of Gaunt his wife, daughter of Peter of
Castile and Leon, occupies the dexter;
and the same is true of William Dalziel.
IMPALEMENT.
Bishops, deans, heads of colleges, etc.,
sometimes impale their own arms with
those of their office.
(Also written empalement.)
Impreaa — (Im-pree'sfi) [Italian.] A de-
vice, a motto ; an impress.
In—
In bar — [See under Bar.]
In bend — [See under Bend.}
In chief — [See under Chief.}
In orle — [See under Orlc.}
Incennant — ^(in-sen'-sant) Applied to the
boar when borne in a furious or angry
position.
INCENSANT.
Incensed — (-sen'sd) A term applied to
the eyes of any wild creature when rep-
resented with Are Issuing from them.
InclaTe — (-klave') A form resembling
dovetail joints. This Is applied to the
lines of division on the borders of ordi-
naries.
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Increscent — Interfretted.
Increacent — A term denoting the cres-
cent when represented with its horns
toward the dexter side of the shield.
Inde — (In'-dey) A name sometimes given
to azure In ancient blazonry. The only
reason or excuse for the use of the word
seems to be that azure represents sap-
phire, and India was the principal source
of supply for those gems.
Indented — Notched like the teeth of a
saw. Applied to partition lines, as well
as to some of the ordinaries. It differs
from the dancette in that the notches In
Indented are smaller and apply only to
the outer edge, whereas dancette affects
the whole ordinary.
INDENTED.
Indentee — (-dent'^) IF'rench.l Having
Indents, not joined to each other, but set
apart.
Indent llley — (-dent'-il-ley) An ordinary
having lonj; indents, somewhat resem-
bling piles conjoined.
Indorse' — [See endorse.]
Indorsed — [See endorsed.]
Inescntelieon — (-es-kuch'-un) A small
INESCUTCHEON.
escutcheon, or shield, borne within and
upon the greater shield. When voided it
becomes an orle. It is smaller than the
escutcheon of pretense. The Inescutch-
eon can be seen in some of the earliest
coats.
Infamed Applied to a lion or other
beast which has lost its tail.
Inflamed — Applied to anything represent-
ed as burning or In flames. >[Flamant.]
INFLAMED.
Intercliangreably poaed — Said of bear-
ings placed across each other, as three
fishes the head of each appearing between
the tail of the other ; three swords with
hilts in like position ; three arrows, etc.
INTERCHANGEABLY POSED.
Interfretted — Linked together ; Inter-
interfretted.
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Interlaced — Knight.
43
laced. Said of any charges or bearings
linked together, as interlaced crescents,
interlaced keys, etc.
Interlaced — The same as intbrfretted.
Inveckee — (-veck'ey) A word sometimes
employed by heraldic writers to describe
double arching.
Invected — (-vek'-ted) The opposite of en-
grailed. Having a border or outline with
the points turning inward toward the
ordinary and the convexity tow^ard the
field.
Invertant — The same as inverted.
Inverted— In a contrary direction ; turned
the wrong way, as a pair of wings with
the points downward.
Invexed — Arched or enarched.
Islay — One of the heralds of the Lord
Lyon's Court, Scotland.
Iron Cross — Order of the Iron Cross — A
Prussian order of knighthood, instituted
in 1813.
Issaant — (ish'-u-ant) Issuing or coming
out of. A charge represented as issuing
ISSUANT.
from another charge. When an animal
is represented as issuant only the upper
half is depicted.
J.
Jamb — [See gamb.]
Jelloped — (jel'-lopd) Said of the comb
and gills of the cock when of a different
color from the body. (Also written Jow-
lopped. [ Wattled. ]
Jessant — ( jes'-sant) Springing up or
shooting forth, as a plant. Also ap-
plied to an animal, in the same sense as
Issuant.
Jessant-de-lls — Used to describe the
head of a leopard having a fleur-de-lis
passing through It.
Jessed — Having jesses on. (Said of a
hawk).
1 The jesse, used in falconry, was a
short strap of leather or silk with which
hawks were tied by the leg and on which
the leash was attached.
Jowlopped — [ See jelloped. ]
K.
Kingr-of-Arms — An oflScer who has juris-
diction over armory, etc. There are three
in England— Garter, the principal ; Clar-
enceaux, whose jurisdiction extends south
of the Trent; and Norry, who officiates
north of that river. The King-of-Arms
for Scotland is called Lyon ; and for Ire-
land, Ulster. The office of King-of-Arms
is one of great antiquity.
Klntyr — One of the pursuivants of the
Lord Lyon's Courf, Scotland.
Knlgrht — One who holds the dignity of
knighthood, conferred by the sovereign,
entitling, the holder to the title of Sir
prefixed to his name. Unlike a baronet,
however, the dignity Is not hereditary.
The wife of a knight is legally entitled to
the designation of Dame, but by common
consent is addressed as Lady.
Formerly a candidate for knighthood
had to go through certain ceremonies or
religious rites, preparing himself by fast-
ing and prayer and by watching his arms
alone all nighht in a chapel.
Knight Bachelor — The lowest order
of knighthood ; also the oldest"
Knight Banneret. — A knightly order
next below the Garter. [See Banneret.}
Knight Errant — A knight who wan-
dered about the country in quest of ad-
ventures for the purpose of displaying
his prowess.
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Label— Lion.
L.
lAbel — A l)earlng closely resembling the
strap with pendantg which from the sad-
dle crossed the horse's chest. It is the
oldest mark of difference, but sometimes
borne as a charge. As a difference It
was used generally by the princes of tne
royal house. The number of points did
not necessarily mean anything, although
the label of three points was supposed to
represent the heir during the lifetime of
his father ; five points, during the life-
time of his gratfdfather : seven points,
while the great-grandfather still lived,
etc. According to the modern system,
the elder son of an elder son places a
label upon a label.
Szx3
iMMce d'amonr — (leese dft'moor) A cord
of running knots surrounding the arms
of widows and unmarried women. (Uni-
versal Diet.)
liambreqnin — (lam'-ber-kin) The point
ot a lable.
«^A mantle is sometimes referred to
as a lambrequin. (In this connection see
M.V.\TLE.)
I^ampasse — (lam-pas-see') [ French. 1 The
same as i.angued.
Ijaneaster — One of the six heralds ot the
College ,of Aims.
Lance — Shakespeare's father was granted
arms as follows: "Or, on a bend sable
a lance of the fieid."
i^aniraed — (langd^ Tongued ; having the
tongue visible. Applied to the tongue of
a bird or beast wbon of a different tinc-
ture from that of the body.
Lattice — A bordure formed of perpendicu-
lar and horizontal bars, interlaced or
otherwise.
m
LaTer — A green vegetation, a bunch of
which is held in the mouth by the liver
on the arms of Liverpool.
Leaf — The leaves common to heraldry are
the strawberry, hazel, oak and elm.
Leffsr^d-^The same as membebed.
Leopard — The real spotted leopard Is
neither an early nor a common bearing.
Sometimes called a pard.
Leopard— The title of one of the heralds
under Henry V.
Leo-parde— "A lion as a leopard." The
early heralds seem to have gotten the
lion confused with the leopard, and when
describing him in any attitude except
passant he was leo-pard6.
Leonced — [See lionced.1
Llard — A gray horse.
Limbeck — [See distillatoby.1
Lion — The Lion Is the most popular beast
in heraldry. He appears In the arms of
Great Britain, Denmark, Spain, Holland,
Bohemia, Saxony and numerous lesser
countries. As early as 1127 Henry I
used the lion as an ornament on a shield.
Of the 018 bannerets of Edward II, 225
bore lions. The early English heralds
seem to have confused the lion with the
leopard. While never drawn spotted as
the real leopard, he was described in
most attitudes as leo-pard^, or a lion as
a leopard
The lion Is drawn in about 30 atti-
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Lionced — Lyon King-of-Arms.
45
tudes, but it is seldom he is seen in other
than rampant or passant.
Lion's whelp — The same as lioncelle.
Lion of England — In allusion to the
lions on the arms of Great Britain. In
English heraldry a lion passant gardant
or is generally blazoned as '*a lion of
England.*'
lilonced — (li'unst) A bearing adorned
with lions' heads, as, for instance, n cross
with its ends terminating in lions' heads.
liloncel — [See lioncelle.]
liloncelle — (li'un-sel) A small lion. Spe-
cifically, the lioncelle is one of several
borne In the same arms.
lilver — ^A fabulous bird, after which Liv-
erpool Is supposed to have derived Its
name. It resembles the cormorant. The
arms of Liverpool are blazoned : "Ar-
gent, a liver snble, billed and legged
gules, holding In his bill a bunch of laver
vert."
LIVEB.
'*The liver wfts a foolish invention to
account for the name [of Liverpool].
There was the *pool,' which accounted
for the last syllable, and there was the
bird on the seal or shield, which, in the
absence of other Information, was sup-
posed to indicate the prefix. A stuffed
bird has from time immemorial been pre-
served In the Town Hall, supposed to be
a specimen of the genus liver. It is, in
reality, an immature cormorant, which
has not attained its final dark plumage."
— Sir J. A. Picton, in Notes and Queries,
May 3, 1884.
Lodflred — Applied to the buck, hart, hind,
etc., when represented lying down.
\ The same attitude of the lion or sim-
ilar beast is couchant.
liord Lyon — [See Lyon King-of-Abms.]
Lowered — Applied to ordinaries abated
from their common position.
Losenire — (loz'enj) 1. A diamond-shaped
bearing, usually with its upper and lower
angles slightly acute.
2. The form of the escutcheon upon
which women place their arms. Spe-
cifically, foR spinsters and widows.
H As the shield was used in war, it was
peculiar to men, and the female had no
part therein; hence an unmarried woman
from earliest times placed her arms on a
lozenge, perhaps In allusion to the fusil,
or distaff ; when married, she shares the
shield of her husband.
Losengree — [See lozengy.]
Losengry — (loz'en-jy) A bearing or the
field divided into lozenge-shaped compart*
LOZENGY.
ments of different tinctures, the lines be-
ing drawn in the direction of the bend
and bend sinister.
Lace — A fish ; a full-grown pike.
Lure — (lur) A bunch of feathers. (The
lure was used In falconry to recall the
hawks.)
Lympliad — (lim'-fad) A galley; an an-
cient vessel, having one mast. It is not
uncommon In Scottish heraldry ; Is the
feudal ensign of the lordship of Lome,
being quartered by the Dukes of Argyll,
and is also borne by the Clan Campbell,
Lyon Conrt — The office or court of Lyon
Klng-of-Arms ; the Scottish college of
arms.
Lyon Klngr-of-Arms — A Scottish ofll-
cial (also called Lord Lyon) who derives
his title from the lion rampant on the
• arms of Scotland. He has authority to
inspect the arms and ensigns armorial of
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Made — ^Metal.
all noblemen and gentlemen in tbe king-
dom ; to give proper arms to those en-
titled to bear tbem ; to matriculate sach
arms, and to fine tbose bearing arms
wbicb are not matriculated. He is as-
sisted by beralds, pursuivants and mes-
sengers-at-arms.
M.
Made — (mak'I) The same as mascle.
Majesty — A term used to describe
eagle crowned and holding a scepter.
Maltese cross — A cross formed of four
arrow heads meeting at the points. It
was the badge of the Knights of Malta,
and Its eight points are said to symbol-
ize the eight beatitudes.
Man — The full human figure is a rare bear-
ing, but can be seen occasionally. When
displayed naked, he is salvage; when
clothed, habited.
Manche — [See maunch.]
Mantlgrer — (man'-tl-ger) A monster with
the body of a lion or tiger and a human
face, usually with a scorpion's tall and
long spiral horns. (Also written Man-
tichor and Manticor.)
Mantle — The cloak or robe behind the
shield, sufficiently large to include the
entire arms. Those of sovereigns are of
gold doubled with ermine, and are called
pavilions.
Mantlingr — [See mantle.]
Marchmont — One of the heralds of the
Lord Lyon's Court, Scotland.
Marcassin — ( mar-kas'-sin ) [ French. ] A
young wild boar.
Marlned — ma-reend') An animal having
the lower part of the body like a fish.
Marquis — A nobleman in England, rank-
ing next below a duke.
Mars — The name of the color gules (red)
on the arms of sovereign princes.
Maralial — To dispose or arrange in order
8u«*ti coats of arms as have to be in-
cluded in one shield.
Marsliallnff — The act of arranging two
or more coats on one shield.
Martlet— (mart'-let) A fanciful bird some-
what resembling a swallow, but having
short tufts of feathers in the place of
legs. When used as a difference it de-
notes the fourth son.
Mascle — (mas'-kl) a lozenge-shaped bear-
ing, perforated or voided. When used in
numbers it becomes masculy.
MASCLE.
Masculy— (mas'-ku-ly) A field covered
with mascles conjoined, resembling net-
work.
Massacre — (mas'-sa-ker) When the an-
tlers of a stag are attached to a fragment
of the skull bone it is called a massacre.
Masoned — (ma'-sond) Applied to a field
or charge which is divided with lines re-
sembling a wall or building of stones.
Maul — A heavy wooden hammer.
Manncli — (maunsh) A bearing represent-
ing a sleeve with long hanging ends.
Membered — A term applied to a bird
when its legs are of a different tincture
from that of the bird itself.
Merchants' marks — Certain marks or
bearings used by merchants of England,
such as the block and brush (butchers*
broom) of the Butchers' Company; the
distillatory, of the Distillers' Company,
etc. They are not to be considered strict-
ly heraldic, but were protected by law,
and are occasionally seen on merchants'
tombs and in architecture.
Merlon — [See embattled.] ^
Metal — [For the metals of heraldry Bee
under tinctdbb.]
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MiUrind— Muzzled.
47
MiUrlnd— A bearing supposed to repre-
sent the Iron which holds a millstone by
being set Into Its center.
Mlllrynd — [See-MILLRIND.I
Miter — The headdress of a bishop, some-
times us^d as a charge, either singly or
in numbers.
MltrT-
ters.
-(mi'try) Charged with eight ml-
Said of a bordure.)
Modnlata — [See bottony.]
Mollne — [See Cross Moline, under CHOSS.l
Moon — The moon In heraldry Is always
borne as a crescent, usually with the
cavity upward. When the cavity Is
toward the dexter side of the shield, it is
increscent; when toward sinister, de-
crescent.
Mooted — Tom up by the roots ; eradicated.
Morion — A steel cap ; a kind of helmet,
shaped something like a hat, and having
no beaver or visor.
Morne — (mor'nay) Without teeth, tongue
or claws. (Said of a lion.)
Motto — A word or sentence carried on the
scroll, and supposed to have some con-
nection with the name of the bearer, the
deeds of his ancestors or as setting forth
some guiding principle or idea. Mottos,
like arms, were sometimes punning, as
Cavendo tutus, the motto of the Caven-
dishes ; Ver non semper viret, of the
Vernons. The Scotch borderers, whose
chief delight in life seemed to be that of
harrying their neighbors by moonlight,
used stars and crescents for their arms
and adopted such mottos as Watch weel
(Halyborton) and Reparahit cornua
Phoebe (Scott of Harden).
The motto is the successor of the war-
cry, which was common In the days when
each chief tenant and baron under the
crown brought into the field and led his
own tenants and retainers. The royal
cry of the English was "St. George for
England ;" the common Highland cry
was "Claymore," while Seyton had "St.
Bennett and Set on.'*
Monnd — A ball or globe forming part of
the regalia of a king or emperor. It is
surmounted by a cross and represents
sovereign authority.
Monnt — The representation of a mound
or hill, covered with grass, occupying the
base of the shield. It is generally borne
with a tree or trees on it. When de-
picted green it is blazoned as a mount
vert.
mount cut in the
MOUNT-GRECED A
form of steps.
MODNT-MOUNTKD — A mouut With a hill
upon it.
Mounted — 1. Applied to a horse when de-
picted bearing a rider.
2. When a cross or similar bearing is
placed upon steps, as a cross mounted
upon greces, or degrees.
Mnllet — A bearing resembling a flve-point-
ed star. It is sometimes called a spur^
rowel, but it was in use long before the
rowel led spur. When used as a difference
it denotes the third son.
Mnraille — (mu-rail'-ley) Walled; ma-
soned and embattled.
Mnrrey — (mur'-ry) The same as san-
guine.
Mnaclietor — (mus'-che-tor) One of the
arrow-headed marks used in depicting
ermine, but without the three round dots
employed in blazing that fur.
Mnsca — (mus'-ka) The common housefly.
In some coats, however, this becomes a
butterfly.
Mnsion — A cat.
MuBsled — Having a muzzle. Said of an
animal, such as a bear, borne with a
muzzle.
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Naiant— Office.
N.
Naiant— (na'-y ant) [French.] The same
as NATANT.
Nalssant— (nas'-sant) Rising or coming
forth. Applied to any living creature
represented as Issuing out of a fesse or
other ordinary.
Natant — (nay'-tant) Represented hori-
zontally across the field, as If swimming
toward. the dexter side of the shield. Ap-
plied to any fish excepting the flying flsh
and shell fish.
NATANT.
XaT-al crofvn — A crown formed with the
stern and square sails of ships placed al-
ternately upon the circle or fillet.
Navel point — The point In the shield be-
tween the middle base point and the
fesse point. (Also called the nombrll.)
Nebnle — [See nebuly.]
Nebnly— (neb'-u-ly) 1. Composed of un-
dulations, like the wavy edges of clouds.
NEBULY.
2. A shield or bearing divided by such
lines.
3. A wavy line of partition, or by
which ordinaries and subordlnarles may
be bounded.
Nombril— (nom'bril) A point in the shield
between the fesse point and the middle
base point. (Also called the navel point.)
Xorroy — The third English K^pg-at-Arms.
He has jurisdiction north of the Trent.
Nowed — (nowd) Knotted; tied in a knot,
as a serpent or the tall or a Hon.
NOWBD.
"Ruben is conceired to bear three bus
wave, Jude a lyon rampant, Dan a serpent
nowed. "—Brou/ne: Vulgar Errours.
Nowy — (now'y) A term applied to a pro-
jection In the middle of a cross or other
ordinary.
Xowyed — (now'yed) Applied to a projec-
XOWVED.
tlon not In the center of a cross, but in
Its branches.
0.
Ootofoil — A double quatrefoll ; a leaf of
eight points. When used as a difference
It denotes the eighth son.
Office — Arms of Offlce. [See under abms.]
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Ogress — Pall.
49
Oarress — (o'gress) A black ball or pellet.
[See ROUNDEL.]
Onde — (on'dey) [French.] Wavy ; curved
aud recurved like waves. [Unde.]
Ondy — [See oxde.]
Opinfcas— (o-pin'-l-kus) An Imaginary an-
imal having the head and wings of a
griflfdn or engle, a short tail like that of
a camel and the body of a lion.
The Opinicus is sometimes borne with-
out wings.
Or — Gold. In engraving It is denoted by
small dots or points spread all over the
bearing or field.
"Azure, an eagle rising or, the sun
In dexter chief." —Tennyson.
Orangre — [See roundel.]
«Sr*The color of orange in heraldry is
known as tenn^.
Orb — A globe encircled, bearing a cross;
a mound.
Ordinary — A charge or bearing of simple
form. The ordinaries, or, as they are
called by the majority of heraldic writers,
honorable ordinaries^ are nine in number,
as follows :
Chief, Cross,
Pale, . Saltire,
Fease, Pile,
Chevron, Quarter.
Bend,
The honorable ordinaries are said to
represent the clamps or fastenings of the
shield, becoming ornamental from paint-
ing or gilding. Each has one or more
diminutives.
Oraran rest — [See rest.]
Orle — (orl) 1. One of the subordinarles ;
in the form of a fillet, within the border,
but some distance from it.
"His arms were augmented with an orle of
lion's v&yfs."— Fuller: Worthies, i, 120.
2. The wreath or chaplet surmounting
or encircling the helmet of a knight and
bearing the crest. (Webster.)
In orle — Said when the charges are
placed round the escutcheon, leaving the
middle of the field vacant, or occupied by
something else. (Said of bearings ar-
ranged on the shield in the form of an
orle.)
Ormond — One of the pursuivants of the
Lord Lyon*s Court, Scotland.
Oandy — [See undy.]
Oot of — Signifies rising from, as "out of
a ducal coronet an eagie."
Overt — (o'vert) Applied to the wings of a
bird, etc., when spread open on each side
of its head, as if taking flight.
P.
Pale — One of the nine honorable ordinar-
ies. It is a vertical line, set upright in
ther middle of the shield and occupying
tale.
one-third of the field. It Seldom contains
more than three charges.
Party per pale — [See under Party. ^
Palewise — In the manner of a pale or
pales; divided by perpendicular lines; to
divide the field palewlse.
"Hath behind it palewise an abbot's crosier."
— Wood: Fasti Oxon, i, 12.
Pall — A figure having the form of the let-
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Pallet— Passant
ter Y. It consists of half a pale issuing
from the base, and conjoined In the fesse
point with half a saltire from the dexter
chief and sinister chief.
Pallet— (par-let) A diminutive of the pale,
being one-fourth of its breadth. (Some
writers say one-half.)
Palletted — (pal 'let- ted) Being conjoined
by a pallet ; as "A chevron palletted.'*
PALLETTED.
Palmer's ataff — A branch of a palm tree
carried by a palmer in token of his hav-
ing been to the Holy Land.
Paly — (pale'y) A field divided Into four or
more equal parts by perpendicular lines
of two tinctures alternating. The num-
PALT.
ber should always be specified ; as, "Paly
of six argent and gules."
Paly bendy — When the divisions are
again cut by diagonal lines, either dexter
or sinister.
Papaaray — (pap'-a-gay) A popinjay,
early bird in English heraldry.
Pard — A leopard.
Parted — [ See pabtt.]
An
Partition — One of the several divisions
made in a coat when the arms of several
families are borne on one shield, from in-
termarriage, etc. [In this connection see
QUABTERING.]
Partition lines — The lines by which
a shield may be divided. They are close- -
ly allied to the ordinaries for which they
are named. When a field is divided in
the direction of an ordinary it is said to
be "party per" that ordinary ; as, party
per pale, party per bend, etc. Unless
otherwise specified, the partition lines
are straight ; they may, however, be
drawn in a variety of ways, such as undy,
embattled, dancett^, etc.
Party — Parted ; divided. Used in reference
to any division of a field or charge. When
the field is divided toward an ordinary It
is said to be "party per" that ordinary.
Party per bend — When the field is di-
vided by a line running diagonally from
the dexter chief to the sinister base.
party per pale.
Party per chief — Divided by a hori-
zontal line one-third the distance of the
field from the top of the shield. (Party
per chief is rare.)
Party per cross — This is called Quar-
terly.
Party per pale — Divided by a perx>en-
dlcular line.
Party per fesse — Divided by a hori-
zontal line in the center of the shield.
Paasant — (pas'-sant) Walking; said of
any nnimnl, except beasts of the chase,
when represented as walking, with the
dexter paw raised.
i^The same attitude In the case of
a stag, hart, etc., would be triprpant.
Digitized by
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Patee— Pike.
51
Pat^e — (pa'-tay') Spreading out at the
extremity ; applied principally to a cross.
(Also written pat6 and patt^e.)
Paternal — Paternal Arms. [See under
ARMS.]
Patonce — (pay-tons) Applied to a cross
having expanded ends, like the cross
patee, each, end terminating in three
points.
Patriarchal crowi — (pa'trl-ar'kal) A
cross in which the shaft is twice crossed,
the lower arms being longer than the
upper.
Patronaare — Arms of Patronage. [See un-
der arms.]
Patte — [ See patee. ]
raTilfon — (pay-vir-yun) A sort of man-
tling or cloak hi the form of a tent in-
vesting the coat of arms of a sovereign.
[Mantling.]
PaTon — (pay '-von) A flag borne by a
knight in the Middle Ages, upon which
his arms were displayed. It was of tri-
angular form, smaller than the pennon,
and affixed to the upper part of his lance.
Pean — (peen) One of the furs. The ground
is sable, with the spots or tufts or.
Pearl — The same as argent.
Pelican~(per-i-kan) While this bird is
occasionally seen in arms, it is more
common as a crest. When represented
as wounding herself, she is vulning ;
when feeding her young, in her piety.
Pel ham bore * 'Azure, three pelicans vuln-
ing themselves proper.'*
breast to feed her young with her own
blood. This came from a fabulous tale
in natural history told in the Middle
Ages, and which made the bird the adopt-
ed symbol of the Redeemer.
Pellet— (per-let) A black roundel. (Also
called ogress and gunstone.) [See also
ROUNDEL.]
Penned— (pend) Having wings. (Applied
to a hawk's lure. [See lure.]
Pennon — A small flag or streamer half
the size of the guidon.
Per — By ; by means of ; by way of.
Perclose — (per'-kloz) The lower part of
the garter with the buckle, etc. (Also
called the demi-garter.)
Percalaced — (per'-ku-iast) The same as
LATTICE.
Peresrlne falcon — [See falcon.]
Pheon — (fee'on) A bearing representing
the head of a broad arrow or javelin,
with long barbs which are engrailed on
the inner edge.
PELICAN IN HER PIBTT.
Pelican in her piety — A pelican rep-
resented in the act of wounding ber
PHEON.
HThe pheon was, like the modern
mace, carried before royalty by a ser-
geant-at-arms. It became a royal mark,
and is still used in Great Britain to de-
note crown property, being termed the
Broad R, or broad arrow.
Pick — An instrument used in the chase;
a spike ; a pike.
Pierced — Applied to any -bearing which
is perforated so as to show the fleld un-
der it.
Pike — A military weapon, consisting of a
long, narrow lance head fixed to a pole.
It was used by musketeers to repel cav-
alry.
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52
Pile— Potent.
Pile — One of the honorable ordinaries, bay-
ing the form of a wedge, issuing from
the chief, with the point ending with the
lower point of the shield. When borne
plain it contains one-third of the chief
in breadth ; when charged, two-thirds.
The pile is a very early bearing, and Its
origin is obscure. It has no diminutives.
PILE.
PiR TU.JR — Applied to an escutcheon
which is divided by lines in the form of
the pile.
Plate — A roundel tinctured argent. [See
alSOBOUNDEL.]
Plenltode— (plen'-l-tudej Fullness. When
the moon is represented full it is de-
scribed as "the moon in her plenitude."
Plie — The same as close.
Ploye — (plwa-ye') Bowed and bent.
Poinir — (pwAn) The flst; the hand closed,
as distinguished from apaum^.
Point — 1. One of the several parts denot-
6
D
E
P
POINTS.
ing the local positions on the escutcheon
of any figure or charges. The principal
points are
A.— Dexter chief.
B.-Middle chief.
C.-Sini8ter chief.
D.— Honor, or color.
E.— Fease (center).
P.— Nombril (navel).
G.— Dexter base.
H.-Middle base.
J.— Sinister base.
2. A small part of the base of a shield
variously marked off.
Point in point — When the base some-
what resembles the pile.
Pointed — Said of a cross when its ends
are so cut ; as, a cross pointed.
Pomejr — (pom'y) A figure representing an
apple ; it is always of a green color. A
roundel tinctured vert.
Pommee — (pom'-may') A cross havingthe
ends terminnting in single balls.
cBOss pommee.
Pommette — (po'-ma.v-tay') A cross hav-
ing two balls or buttons at each end.
Pommeled— Having a pommel, as a sword
or dagger.
Portant — The same as pobtate.
Portate — (por'-tat) Borne bendwise; di-
agonally across the escutcheon. Ex-
ample: A cross portate=a cross lying
as if carried on a person's shoulder.
Portcullis — The same as lattice.
Portcnlllfl — One of the pursuivants of the
College of Arms.
Pose — (po'-zay') Said of a lion, horse or
other beast when represented standing
still, with all four feet on the ground.
Potence — (po'-tens) A cross having ends
that resemble the head of a crutch.
Potent — (po'-tent) One of the heraldic
furs, composed of patches, supposed to
represent crutch heads ; the color is usu-
ally argent and azure alternating. If
otherwise, this should be specified. Potent
is a variety of vair, and in early times
was often blazoned "vair-potent."
Counter-potent — A fur differing from
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Potented — Quarter.
53
potent only In the arrangement of the
patches. (Also written potent counter-
potent, potency counter-potency and po-
tency In point.)
Cboss potent — [See potence,^
Potented— Applied to a bearing when the
outer edges are T-shaped, or formed into
potents.
Powdered — The same as seme.
Prancfngp — Applied to a horse represent-
ed rearing.
Prester John — A mythical descendant of
Ogier the Dane. In the Middle Ages he
was believed to rule as a Christian sov-
ereign and priest in the interior of Asia.
^ A representation of the Prester John
may be seen on the arms of the See of
Chichester.
Pretense — Escutcheon of Pretense, [See
under escutcheon.]
Pretension — Arms of Pretension, [See
under ARMS.]
Prey — At prey is applied to the falcon
when represented feeding.
Preyant — The same as pbeying.
Preyfnar — Applied to any beast or bird of
prey when represented standing on and
in a proper position for devouring its
prey.
Pride — A 'term applied to the peacock,
turlcey cock and other birds which spread
their tails in a circular form and drop
their wings; as, "A peacock in bis pride."
Prince — Heraldically speaking, the title
of prince belongs to dukes, marquises and
earls of Great Britain ; but In ordinary
usage It is restricted to members of the
royal family.
Pri.voe of Wales — The official title of
the heir apparent to the throne of Eng-
land.
Princes op the blood — The younger
sons of a sovereign.
Prince Royal — The eldest son of a
sovereign.
Proper — Represented In its natural color.
Said of charges; as, "a lion proper."
Pnrlie — (pur'-fl) To ornament with abor-
dure of ermines, etc.
Pnriied — (pur'-feld) Trimmed or gar-
nished. Applied to the studs and rims of
armor, being gold; as, *'a leg in armor
purfled or.
Pnrliew— (pur'-flu) A border of fur shaped
exactly like vair. When of one row only,
it is called purflewed ; when of two, conn-
ter-purflewed ; when of three, vair.
Pnrple — This color in heraldry is known
as PUBPUBB.
Pnrpnre-i— (pur'-pure) Purple. It is rep-
resented in engraving by diagonal lines
declining from the right top of the shield
to the left base (from sinister chief to
dexter base).
PnrsniTant — (pur'-swe-vAnt) An official
in the English College of Arms. There
are four pursuivants — Rouge Croix, Blue
Mantle, Rouge Dragon and Portcullis.
There were formerly six pursuivants at-
tached to the court of Lyon King-of-
Arms, in Scotland — Unicorn, Carrlck,
Bute, Kintyre, Ormond and Dingwall.
The last three have been abolished.
Pye — The popinjay ; the woodpecker.
Q,aarter — One of the ordinaries (also
called franc-quartier)t occupying one-
fourth of the shield, and usually placed
In dexter chief. If placed in sinister
chief, this must be specified. The di-
minutive of the quarter is the canton,
of two-thirds Its area.
quarter.
Q,aarter — To add to other arms on a
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Quartered — Rampant.
shield ; to bear as an appendage to tbe
hereditary arms.
2. To be quartered.
Grand quarter — ^The same as 8uh-
quarter.
SuB-QUARTBR — A quarter set aside In
quartering arms out of the regular order
for the royal arms or for an heiress when
her quarterings are not broken.
Ctaartered — A term sometimes applied to
the cross when voided in the center ; as
"a cross quartered.
Q,aarterinar — The arrangement of two or
more coats of arms on one shield to form
one bearing, as, for instance, the royal
arms of England, where those of the sev-
eral countries are conjoined ; when a man
inherits from both father and mother the
right to bear arms ; when an alliance of
one family with the heiress of another is
to be perpetuated.
tsrWheu only two coats are quartered
on one shield, as in the case of marriage,
the first and fourth quarters display the
arms of the husband ; the second and
third, those of the wife.
s
a.
3
V
QUARTERS.
1— First, or dexter chief, quarter.
2— Second, or sinister chief, quarter.
3— Third, or dexter base, quarter.
4— Fourth, or sinister base, quarter.
twin quartering arms, the shield may
be divided into as many squares as nec-
essary, and the first coat (that of the
bearer) may be repeated or not to make
up an even number.
Ctaarterly — Placed in quarters ; an es-
cutcheon divided into quarters.
auatrefoil — (kwa'-ter-foil) A four-leaved
grass. This is frequently seen in heraldry.
Qaarter-pierced — ^Sald of a cross when
the central square is removed ; as, a cross
quarter-pierced.
aneae — (ku) The tail of a beast.
Queue furchee — The same as double
queued.
ameoed— (ku'd) Tailed; having a tail of a
different tincture.
Double queued — Having a double tail,
as a lion. Sometimes the tails are placed
saltirewise.
anilled — (kwild) This term is used in de-
scribing a feather when the quill diflfers
In color from the rest.
Ctvlnqve vnlnera— (kwin'-kwe vul'-ne-ra)
The five wounds of the crucifixion. This
is an ecclesiastical bearing.
R.
Radiant — Edged with rays or beams ; giv-
ing off rays ; as, "A sun radiant.*'
Raarared — [See baguly.]
Raarnlated — [See bagult.]
Raarvled — [See baguly.]
Raaraly — (ray-gul'y) Notched or jagged in
an irregular diagonal manner. Said of
a line or bearing having such an edge.
CROSS raguly.
Rampant — (ramp'-ant) Said of a beast
of prey, as a liou, rising with fore paws
in the air, as if attacking. The right
fore leg and right hind leg should be
raised higher than the left. Unless other-
wise specified, the animal faces dexter.
Counter-rampant — Said of two ani-
mals rampant in opposite directions.
Digitized by
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Rangant — ^Renverse.
55
(Sometimes used to denote a beast ram-
pant toward sinister,)
Rampant gardant — The same as ram-
pant, but with the animal looking full-
faced.
Rampant passant — Said of an animal
when walking with the dexter fore paw
raised somewhat higher tnan the mere
passant position.
Rampant regardent — In a rampant
position and looking behind.
Rampant sejant — A beast In a sitting
posture, with the fore legs raised.
Ranarant — The same as furiosant.
Ran ere — (ran'-zhay) [French.] Arranged
In order.
Raplngr — Applied to any ravenous beast
represented devouring its prey.
Ravissant — (rav'-ls-sant) [French.] In a
half-raised position, as if about to spring
on prey. (Said of the wolf and such
beasts when in the attitude saliant.)
Ray — A ray of the sun. [See sun.]
Rayonee — [See radiant.]
Rayon nan t — [See radiant.]
Rayon ned — [See radiant.]
Raxed — ^The same as erased.
Rebate — A diminution or abatement of a
bearing, as when the point of a weapon
is broken oflf, or a part of a cross cut oflC.
Rebated — Having the points cut short or
broken otl.
Rebendingr — Bent first one way and then
the other, like the letter S. [Recdrv-
ant.]
Rebns — A pictorial suggestion on a coat
of arms of the name of the owner ; a
bearing or bearings containing an allu-
sion to the owner's name. Thus the Arches
family bore three arches ; the Dobell
family, a doe between three bells. [See
also Allusive Anna, under arms.]
Recercelee— [See Cross Recercelee, under
CROSS.]
Recllnant — (re-klln'-ant) The same as
DBCLINANT.
Recouped — The same as cooped.
Reetanarled — When the line of length is
apparently cut off in its stralghtness by
another straight line, which at the inter-
section makes a right angle, it Is then
termed rectangled.
Recnrsant — ^ (re-kur'-sant) Said of an
eagle displayed, with the back toward
the spectator.
bbcubsant.
Recursant volant in pale — An eagle
represented flying upward, with its back
toward the spectator.
Reenrva n t — ( re-ku rv'-an t )
recurved, like the letter S.
Curved and
Red — This color in heraldry is known as
gules.
Reflected — Curved or turned round, as
the chain or line from the collar of an
animal thrown over his back.
Regrardant — Said' of an animal whose
face is turned toward the tail in an at-
titude of vigilance ; looking backward.
Reined — Said of a horse when the reins
are of a different color from the animal.
[Bitted.]
Removed — [See fracted.]
Rempll — (ran-plee') [French.] Said of
the chief when filled with any other color
or metal, leaving only a border of the
first tincture visible.
Renverse — (ren-vers') Reversed ; turned
contrary to the natural position; with
the head, down ; set upside down ; as, "A
chevron renverse."
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56
Repassant — ^Roundel.
R^pawMint— (re-pass'-ant) A lion orother
animal passant, facing the sinister side
of the shield.
1 Some writers use this term to de-
scribe beasts passant, one facing dexter
and the other sinister. In this connec-
tion see count er-pas8ant, under counter.
Reremonae — (rere'-mouse) a bat.
Reserved — Contrary to the usual way or
position. (Univers. Diet.)
Renlfpnaiit— (rez'-ig-nant) [French] Con-
coaled. Said of a lion when his tall can-
not be seen.
Respectant— (re-spekt'-ant) Two animals
borne face to face.
it#*Rampant beasts of prey so borne
are said to be combatant
Rest — A bearing the origin and meaning
of which have been disputed. By some
it is said to represent a spear rest, and
perhaps this is correct. By others it is
taken for a musics/ instrument of some
kind. Hence it is sometimes called an
organ rest
BEST.
Retorted — Said of serpents when wreathed
one in another, or fretted in the form of
a knot.
Retracted — Applied to charges when one
is shorter than the other.
Reversed — A coat of arms or escutcheon
turned upside down. This was done by
way of ignominy, as in the case of a
traitor.
Revertant — Bent and rebent.
Reverted — Bent or curved twice in oppo-
site directions, like the letter S; revert-
ant.
Ribbon — A diminutive of the bend, being
one-eighth its size, and often used as a
difference. When couped or cut short it
becomes a baton.
Richmond — One of the heralds of the
College of Arms.
Rfnared — Provided with a ring or rings.
(Said of the falcon.)
H In the days of falconry it was the
custom to slip over the claws of the young
falcon a silver ring, which could not af-
terward be removed.
Rfslnar — A bird represented as If in the
act of taking flight; rising from the
ground.
RfBon-^(rlz'on) The grain of oats.
Roach — A flsh.
Rompee — [ See bompu. ]
Rompn — (rom'pu) Fracted ; broken ; part-
ed asunder, as a chevron, bend, etc.
Rose — The Rose, which is popular In Eng-
lish heraldry, is generally borne singly
and full-faced, with five petals, barbs and
seeds.
Ross — One of the heralds of the Lord
Lyon's Court, Scotland.
Rothesay — One of the heralds of the Lord
Lyon's Court, Scotland.
Rondle — [See bocndel.]
Rook — A rook in heraldry Is the bird of
that name common in Great Britain. It
resembles the crow, but is smaller. When
the piece in chess known as a rook is
borne it is blazoned a chess-rook. They
are sometimes seen on the same arms, as
In the case of Rook of Kent: "Argent,
on a chevron engrailed between three
rooks sable, a« many chess-rooks of the
first"
Rongre Croix — (roozh' kroi') One of the
pursuivants in the College of Arms.
Rongre Dragron — (roozh' drag'-on) One
of the pursuivants in the College of
Arms.
Roundel — A subordinary In the form of a
circle. If of a metal it is a simple disk ;
if of a color, it is convex, half a globe.
It takes its name from its color, unless
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Rottsant — Saltirewise.
57
in case of counter-changes, which follow
the tinctures of the field, or when the
roundel is of fur or of equal tinctures,
as "a roundel ermine,"' "a roundel
cheeky or and azure." Otherwise roun-
BODNDELS.
dels have distinguishing names, accord-
ing to their tinctures. They are seldom
borne singly, and are as follows :
When or they are Bezants.
When argent they are Plates.
When gules they are Torteaux.
When azure they are Hurts.
When vert they are Pommes.
When purpure they are <3olpes.
When sable they are Pellets.
When tenne they are Oranges.
When sanguine they are Ouzes.
The pellet Is sometimes called a gun-
stone or ogress.
False roundel — This was a name
given in early lists for the annulet. Thus
the arms of Vipont were blazoned "Gules,
six false roundels or." '
Roasant — (rouz'-ant) Rising. Said of a
bird in the attitude of rising ; preparing
to take flight. Sometimes this term is
applied to a bird in profile, as a swan
with wings addorsed.
Rowel — [See mullet.]
Royal arms — [See Arms Royal, under
ARMS.]
Radented — The same as cabled.
Rastre — (rus'-ter) A lozenge pierced round
in the center, and exposing the field
through it.
S.
Sable — The tincture black. In engraving
it is represented by perpendicular and
horizontal lines crossed.
St. Andreir's crons — A cross made in
the form of the letter X. [See saltire.]
St. Patrick — The title of one of the pur-
suivants of the Office of Arms, Ireland.
There are three pursuivants bearing this
title, designated as Nos. 1, 2 and 3.
Saliant — (saMi-ant) Leaping; springing.
Applied to the lion or other beast repre-
sented in a leaping posture — ^his fore feet
in dexter chief and his hind feet in sin-
ister base.
Salient — [See saliant.]
Saltant — (sar-tant) Springing forward ;
in a leaping position. Applied especially
to the squirrel, weasel, rat ; also applied
to the cat, greyhound and monkey.
Saltier — [See saltibe.]
Saltire — (sal'-teer) One of the honorable
ordinaries. It is made in the form of a
St. Andrew's cross, or the letter X. Its
breadth should be one-third of the field.
The saltire is popular in Scottish her-
aldry.
SALTIBB.
SaltirewUe — In the manner of a sal-
tire ; when the shield is divided by two
lines drawn in the direction of a bend
and a bend sinister and crossed at the
center. Long-shaped charges, such as
swords, oars, batons, etc., placed in the
direction of the saltire are said to be
borne saltirewise.
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58
Salvage — Slipped.
Salvanpc
Thus, '
— Said of a man when borne nude.
'Three salvage men ambulant."
(sang'-li-er) [French.] A wild
Sannplier-
boar.
Sangniine — (san'-gwin) A dark red color.
It is represented In engraving by diag-
onal lines crossing each other.
Sapphire — The same as azure.
Satarn — Black : representing sable in
blazoning the arms of sovereign princes.
Scallop — The same as escallop.
Scarf — A small ecclesiastical banner hang-
ing down from the top of a crosier.
Scarp — (skarp) A diminutive of the bend
sinister, occupying the same position as
that bearing, but being only half its
breadth. It is supposed to represent an
officer's shoulder belt or scarf.
Scrape — [See scarp.]
Scroll — The ribbon-like appendage to a
crest or escutcheon, on which the motto
Is inscribed.
Scvtcheon — [See escutcheon.]
Sea Hon — A monster consisting of the up-
per part of a lion combined with the tail
of a fish.
Sernse — The same as torteau.
Seeded — Represented with seeds of a dif-
ferent tincture, such as the rose, lily,
etc., when it is said to be seeded of that
color.
Searreant— (se'-gre'-ant) Said of a griffon
when depicted standing on its hind legs,
with the wings elevated and addorsed.
Sejant — In a sitting posture. Applied to
the lion, cat, etc.
SE.TANT ADDORSED — Said of two ani-
mals sitting back to back.
Sbjaxt affroxte — Full-faced, sitting,
with the fore paws extended sideways.
Sejant rampant — [See rampant se-
jant.]
Sejeant — [See sejant.]
Seme — (sem'ay) A field or charge pow-
dered or sprinkled with small charges,
such as stars, crosses, etc. (Sometimes
called powdered.)
Shack bolt — A' fetter, such as might be
put on the wrists or ankles of prisoners.
Shackle bolt — The same as shack bolt.
Shake fork — A bearing somewhat resem-
bling the pall in form, but the euds,
which have points like the pile, do not
touch the edges of the shield.
shake fork.
Sheldrake — A water fowl somewhat
larger than the ordinary duck. It has
been said that this bird was Introduced
into English heraldry to accommodate
Sheldon, Lord Mayor of London in 1676.
He bore "Snble, a fesse between three
sheldrakes argent."
Shield — The escutcheon or field on which
are placed the bearings of coats of arms.
There are various forms, mostly taken
from the shapes In vogue when shields
were used in warfare. Maiden ladies and
widows have no shield, but place their
arms on a lozenge. [Lozenge.] [Es-
cutcheon.]
[For different forms of shield see Il-
lustrated Supplement.]
Shoveller — A river duck. It has a broad
bill and beautifully variegated feathers.
Sinister — (sin'-ls-ter) The left side of the
shield — the side opposite the right hand
of the spectator. Applied to the escutch-
eon, as the sinister chief point, sinister
base point, etc.
Sinople — (sln'-o-pl) The Continental term
for vert (green).
Slashed — A term used to describe the
opening or gashings in a sleeve when
the puffing is of a different tincture. It
is then slashed of such a tincture.
Slipped — Applied to a flower or branch
depicted as torn from the stalk.
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Snowdown — Star.
59
Snofv^doiTrn — One of the heralds of the
Lord Lyon's Court, Scotland
Soarant — A word used by some modem
heraldic writers as a synonym of vo-
lant.
Sol — A term Implying or (gold) in blazon-
ing the arms of sovereign princes.
it^Using the planets in blazoning the
arms of emperors, kings and princes
arose in the sixteenth century through
the foolish fancy of some heraldic writers,
as did the use of precious stones for the
arms of peers.
Somerset — One of the heralds of the Col-
lege of Arms.
Sonstenv — (soos'-ten-u) A chief appar-
ently supported by a small part of the
escutcheon beneath it of a different tinc-
ture from the chiel itself, and reaching,
as the chief does, from side to side ; be-
ing, so to speak, a small part of the chief
of another color, and supporting the real
chief.
Sovtenv — [See soustend.]
Spade iron — The iron part, or shoeing, of
a spade.
Spancelled — (span'-seld) Said of a horse
that has the fore and hind feet fettered
by means of fetterlocks fastened to the
ends of a stick.
Spayade — (spa'-yade) A stag In his third
year.
Spear — The spear was an ancient Instru-
ment of war and bunting, and was in-
troduced into heraldry under various
forms. Generally called a lance.
Spear head — The metal point of the
spear : a common bearing among the
Welsh.
Speckled— Spotted ; speckled over with
another tincture.
Spectant— (spek'-tant) The attitude of an
animal looking upward with nose bend-
wise. Also applied to an animal at gaze,
or looking forward. (Sometimes called
in full aspect.)
Speller — A branch shooting out from the
first part of a buck's born at the top.
Sperver — A tent.
Splendor — Glory ; brilliance. Said of the
sun when represented with a human face
and environed with rays. It is then a
Sun in splendor.
Spread easrle — An eagle having the wings
and legs extended on both sides. [DiEk
PLAYEp.]
Sprlnirinflr — Leaping. Applied to beasts
of the chase in the same sense as saliant
to beasts of prey. Also applied to flsh
when placed in bend.
Spar rowel — The mullet Is often called a
spur rowel, which it is supposed to rep-
resent. However, the mullet was In use
long before the rowel led spur.
Stainand — (stain'-and) Applied to the
sanguine and tenn^ when used in the
figures called abatements=marks of dis-
grace.
Standard — A flag or ensign. The ancient
military standard consisted of a symbol
carried on a pole, like tlie Roman eagle.
In mediieval times the standard, instead
of being square like the banper, was
elongated, but much larger, becoming
narrow and rounded at the end, which
was slit, unless the standard belonged
to a prince of the blood royal. The
standard, which ranged In size from
eleven yards for an emperor to four yards
for a baron, was usually divided into
three portions — one containing the arms
of the knight, another for his cognizance
or badge, and the other for his crest —
these being divided by bands, on which
was Inscribed his war cry or motto, the
whole being fringed with his livery or
family colors.
"Knights bannerets are made in the field,
with the ceremonie of cutting of the point
of bis standard, and making it as it were a
banner."— fifmit/i: Commonwealth, bk. i,
chap, xviii.
The English royal standard of today Is
properly a banner, being square, with its
entire field covered solely by the national
arms.
Star — An estoile. It differs from the mul-
let in that it usually has six rays wavy,
and is seldom pierced. When more than
six points are displayed, the number
must be specified. Usually, when more
than six, the points alternate straight
aud wavy.
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Statant — ^Surmounted.
Statant— (stay'-tant) Standing. (The
same as pos^.)
Stone bill — A wedge.
Stopped — [See embattled.]
Snbordinary — A bearing not so common
and of less Importance than the ordinary,
or honorable ordinary. According to one
writer, any ordinary occupying less than
one-flfth of the field is deemed a subor-
dinary. Again, different writers place
different bearings among the subordi-
nates. The following list, however, many
recognized authorities agree on:
Bordure, Pnsfl,
Flanch, Masde,
Fret, RuBtrc,
Inescutcheon» Roundel,
Gyron, Gutte,
Lozenge, Billet,
one. Cheeky,
Tressare. Voider.
SnbTertant — (sub-vert'-ant) Reversed ;
turned upside, down; contrary to the
natural position or usual way of bearing.
Snbverted — [See sdbvbrtant.]
Sncceedant — Succeeding or following one
another.
Snecesslon — Arms of Succession. The
same as Feudal Arms, which see, under
ARMS.
Sun — The Sun Is seen In heraldry occa-
sionally. When represented as giving
light. It is blazoned a sun radiant; when
depicted with a human face, it is a sun
in splendor, or a sun in his splendor.
Louis XIV used it as his cognizance..
Jean de la Hay bore "Argent, a sun In
his splendor gules." Ralph de la Hay
differenced this coat by bearing only a
ray of the sun. John de Fontibus, Bishop
of Ely, bore the sun, moon and seven
stars.
i^*When the ray only Is used, it gener-
ally Issues from dexter chief.
Sunburst — A flag having a sun in splen-
dor on a green field. This is said to have
been the flag of the pagan Irish. It is
frequently alluded to In Irish national
poetry.
"On the front ranks before,
Dathi the sunburst bore."
— Fate of King Dathi,
Snpercharare — (-charj) 1. To place one
figure upon another.
2. As a noun: One charge placed upon
another charge; as, a rose upon a fesse.
Supported — Applied to a bearing that has
another under it by way of support ; as,
a chief supported.
Supporter — A figure on each side of a
shield, apparently supporting it. They
may be men, beasts or birds — sometimes
real, sometimes fabulous, as the lion and
unicorn In the arms of Great Britain.
The origin of the supporters Is un-
known. Some writers have ^et forth
that they originated in the ceremonial
bearing of the Icnlghtly shield to tourna-
ments and jousts by squires. It is prob-
able, however, that they arose from the
ornaments of the seal engraver and be-
came heraldic from the practice of quar-
tering.
Supporters are now borne by all peers
of Great Britain, Kpights of the Garter,
Knights Grand Cross of the Bath, Nova
Scotia baronets and chiefs of Scottish
clans, and are also borne by many mu-
nicipalities and the principal mercantile
companies of London.
Svr-ancree — A cross with double anchor
flukes at each end.
SUR-ANCBEE CROSS.
Svrcharared — One charge placed upon or
within another.
SvrKiant — The same as bousant or ris-
ing.
Sarmovnted — Partly covered. Said of an
ordinary when it has another charge of
a different tincture laid over It.
i^rWhen it is an animal which has a
charge laid over it, the term used is
debruised.
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Surtout — Teutonic cross.
61
Smrtont— (Bor'-too) [French.] A shield
of pretense ; an inescutcheon placed upon
a shield of arms. The arms of William
III were so disposed of.
Saspectant — Looking upward. (The same
as SFECTANT.
Sfvallofv — This hird, which is also known
as the hirondelle, is an early bearing.
One of the best known of the early ex-
amples is the arms of the Arundells of
Wardour, who bore **Sable, six swallows
argent."
Siran — The swan was the cognizance of
the Bohuns. Sometimes it is borne whole,
sometimes only the head, like the arms
of the Guests. When gorged with a
ducal coronet having a gold chain at-
tached to it, it is called a cygnet-royal.
Swift— The dolphin.
Sweep — The balista or engine anciently
used for casting stones into fortresses.
S'word — The sword of heraldry is two-
handed.
T.
Tabard — Originally a light vestment worn
over the armor embroidered with the
arms of the wearer. The tabard is now
worn only by heralds and pursuivants-at-
arms, and is embroidered with the arms
of the sovereign.
Talbot — A dog. Specifically a hound
whose race Is nearly, if not quite, extinct.
His color was pure white, with large
head, broad muzzle and long ears. Tal-
bot is the family name of the Earls of
Shrewsbury, who had a talbot for a badge
and two talbots for supporters.
Talent — The same as bezant.
Tarsant — [See torqued.]
Tan— The cross of St. Anthony, also called
the Cross Tau. It derives its name from
its resemblance to the Greek letter tau.
This cross Is somewhat similar to the
cross potent.
Tawney — [See tennb.]
Tawny — [See tenne.]
Tegrvlated — (teg'-u-la'ted) Composed of
small plates as of horn or metal, over-
lapping. (Used in ancient armor.)
Templar — A member of the order called
Templars, Knights Templar, Knights of
the Temple, etc. It was founded in 1118
or 1119 by nine Christian knights, the
original object of the organization being
to maintain free passage for the pilgrims
visiting the Holy Land. Baldwin II King
of Jerusalem gave them part of his pal-
ace, and they kept their arms in the Tem-
ple, hence their name of Templars.
Tenant — Held ; holding.
Tenanted — Tallied or let into another
thing ; one bearing worked into another
bearing ; having something let in ; as, a
cross tenanted=havlng rings let into its
extremities.
Tenne — (ten'-nay) A tincture of a bright
brown, which is considered to represent
orange color. This color is almost un-
known in English heraldry. In engrav-
ing it is represented by diagonal lines
from sinister to dexter, traversed by hor-
izontal ones — a compound of purpureand
azure.
Tent — The representation of a tent used
as a bearing. [See also pavilion.]
Tergrant — (ter'-gant) Showing the back
part ; as, an eagle tergant displayed. [la
this connection compare becubsant.]
Terras — The representation of ground at
the bottom of the base of the shield, gen-
erally tinctured vert.
Teutonic cross — A name sometimes given
to the cross potent from the fact of its
TEUTONIC CROSS.
having been the original badge assigned
by Emperor Henry VI to the knights of
the Teutonic Order.
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Teutonic Order— Tincture,
Teatonfc Order — A religious military or-
der of Ijnights established near the end
of the twelfth century somewhat like the
Templars and Hospitallers, being com-
posed in the main of Teutonic crusaders.
Jt attained high power, Lut declined in
the fifteenth century, and was finally
abolished by Napoleon in 1809.
Thane — A title of dignity or honor among
the Anglo-Saxons. There were two or-
ders — the king's thanes, ur those who at-
tended at his court and held lands im-
mediately from him, and ordinary thanes,
or lords of the manor. After the Nor-
man conquest thanes and barons were
classed together, the title falling into
disuse in the reign of Henry II.
Thistle — The Order of the Thistle, a Scot-
tish order or knighthood, was instituted
by James VII (James II of England) in
1687. It fell into abeyanqe during the
reign of William and Mary, but was re-
vived by Queen Anne In 1703.
Thunderbolt — The thunderbolt Is repre-
sented in heraldry by a twisted bar in
pale, inflamed at the ends, surmounting
two jagged darts In sal tire, between two
wings expanded, and usually has streams
of fire issuing from the center.
THUNDERBOLT.
Tiara — The triple crown worn by the
popes of Rome.
Tierce— (ter-say') Divided into three
equal parts of three dififerent tinctures.
(Said of the field when so divided.)
Tiercelet— (ters'-let) A falcon.
TiKer— The heraldic tiger has the body
of a wolf, the tail of a lion and is stud-
ded with tufts of hair. It is not an early
bearing, nor is it often seen.
Timber — 1. A row of ermine in a noble-
man^s coat.
2. The helmet, miter, coronet, etc.,
when placed over the arms in a complete
achievement.
3. (As a verb) To surmount or deco-
rate the coat of arms.
"A purple plume timbers his stately crest."
— Sylvester.
Timbre — (tim'-ber) [French.] The crest
which in an achievement is shown on the
top pf a helmet.
Tinctnre— (tink'-tur) The name given to
the colors, metals and furs used in her-
aldry. The tinctures may be classed as
follows :
METALS.
Or (gold, yellow) Argent (silyer. white)
COLOBS.
Azure (blue) Sable (black)
Gules (red) Vert (green)
Purpure (purple)
Of later introduction are sanguine (dark
red) and tenne (orange). They are. how-
ever, almost unknown in English heraldry.
Ermine
Ermines
Erminoifl
Erminites
Vair
FUBS.
Vair-en-point
Counter-Tair
Pean
Potent
Counter-potent
FUBS.
Ermine (A) —Represents the skin of
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Tirret — ^Torteau.
63
that little animal, and is white powdered
with black spots.
Ermines (C) — A black field, with white
spots.
Erminois (D) — The field Is gold and the
spots sable.
Erminites — The same as ermine, except
that the two lateral hairs of each spot
are red.
Vair (b) — Similar in shape to small
escutcheons, the wings representing the
fore legs and the point the tail. The skins
are arranged alternately white and blue.
If other colors are used they must be
specified.
V air-en-point — A variety of vair, the
point of one escutcheon l>eing placed op-
posite to the base of the one below.
Counter-vair (H) — Another variety of
vair, those of the same color being placed
base to base and point to point. (Vair
was originally drawn bell-shaped, as seen
inE.)
Pean (f) — The reverse of erminois, be-
ing golden spots on a black field.
Potent (I) — The skins are T-sliaped,
resembling somewhat a gallows or a
crutcli head. It is akin to vair, and is
sometimes blazoned "vair-potent."
Counter-potent (g) — A variety of po-
' tent, being placed point to point. (Also
called potent counter-potent.)
The practice of representing the sev-
COLOBS AND .PETALS.
o. Or ; 5, Argent ; c, Azure ; <i, Gules ;
«, Purpure; A Sable; y. Vert;
h. Sanguine ; i, Tenn^.
erai colors by lines and marks, which
dates from the sixteenth century, is as
follows:
Aryent — A plain white surface.
Or — Small dots.
Azure — Horizontal lines.
Chiles — Vertical lines.
Purpure — Diagonal lines from sinister
to dexter.
Vert — Diagonal lines from dexter to
sinister.
Sable — Vertical and horizontal lines.
Sanguine — Diagonal lines from right
to left and left to right (In saltlre).
Tenn€ — Diagonal lines from sinister to
dexter and horizontal (a compound uf
purpure and azure).
A foolish practice arose during the
sixteenth century of blazoning the arms
of princes and peers by precious stones
and planets. The system was as follows :
Or— topaz, Sol.
Argent— pearl, Lnna.
Azure— sapphire, Jupiter.
Gules— ruby, Mars.
Purpure— amethyst. Mercury.
Sable— diamond. Saturn.
Vert— emerald, Venua.
Tirret — (tir'-ret) A manacle.
Topas — (to'-paz) The name given to the
metal or when borne by peers.
Torce — The same as wreath.
Tor gran t — [ See torqued. ]
Torqued — (torkt) Twisted ; wreathed ;
bent. This term is used to describe a
dolphin haurient, twisted into a form
nearly resembling the letter S.
TORQUED.
Tortean — (tor'to) .A roundel tinctured
gules. (Plural, torteaux.) [See also
ROUNDEL.]
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Toume — ^Triple pile.
Tovme — (toor'nay') [French.] The same
as CONTOUBNB Or BBOABDANT.
Transfixed — Pierced by an arrow or simi-
lar weapon. Said of an animal.
Transfivent — (-flu'ent) Passing or flow-
ing through the arches of a bridge. (Said
of water when so represented.)
Transmuted — The same as codntbb-
CHANGED.
Transpierced — [Tbansfixed.]
Transposed — (-pozd') Reversed; changed
to a position the opposite of the proper
or usual position ; as, a pile transposed.
Traversed — (trav'-ersd) Turned to the
sinister side of the shield.
Treflee— ( tray'-flay') Haying a three-Iobed
extremity or extremities, as a cross.
[Cross bottony.] Ordinaries, such as
the bend, are sometimes borne tr4fl4e —
that is, with trefoils issuing from the
side.
Trefoil — (tree'-foil) A charge represent-
ing the three-leaved clover. Like the
rose, it is generally, though not always,
borne without a stalk.
Trefolled — The same as treflee.
Treille — (trel) Cross-barred work ; lattice
work. It differs from fretty in that the
pieces do not interlace under and over,
but cross athwart each other, being nailed
at the joints. (Also called trellis.)
TEEILLE. .
Trellis — The same as treille.
Tressnre — (tresh'-ur) A kind of border
or hem, being, In fact, a diminutive of
the orle, of which It Is one-half Its
breadth. It passes uround the field, fol-
lowing the shape and form of the escutch-
eon, whatever shape it may be ; usually
borne double. Being used in the royal
arms of Scotland, it is naturally popular
in Scottish heraldry.
Tressurb flbury — A treasure orna-
mented with fleur-de-lis on one side, with
their ends inward.
Tressure fleury-countbb-flbubt — A
double tressure ornamented with fleur-
de-lis on both sides, the flowers being re-
versed alternately. In the arms of Scot-
land, as in nearly all examples, the
flower is divided by the border.
Tressvred — Provided with a tressure ;
arranged in the form or occupying the
place of a tressure.
"The treasured fleur-de-lis he claims
To wreath his shield, since royal James."
—Sir Walter Scott.
Trlan — (tri'an) The aspect of an animal
when neither affronts nor gardant, but
midway between those positions.
Trlarchee — (tri-ar'shee) Formed of three
arches ; having three arches.
Trick — To draw in outline, as with a pen ;
to delineate without color, as coats of
arms.
"They forget they are in the statute, the
rascles; they are blazoned there; there they
are tricked, they and their pedigrees."— Be »
Johnson: Poetaster, i, 1.
Trlcorporal — (-kor'-po-ral) Three bodies
conjoined to one bead, as a lion ; the
bodies of three beasts represented issuing
from the dexter, sinister and base points,
and conjoined to one head in the center
of the shield.
Trlcorporate — The same as tricorporal.
Trien — (trl'-en) Three. The word Is made
use of by some heralds in the phrase u
trien of fish= three fish.
Triparted — Parted Into three pieces; hav-
ing three parts or pieces. This can be
applied to the field or to the ordinaries
and charges ; as, triparted in pale, across
triparted, etc.
Triple crown — The crown or tiara worn
by the popes of Rome.
Triple pile — A truncated pile, ending in
three projections.
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Triple plume — ^Unguled.
65
Triple plmne — The device of tbe Prince
of Wales.
Trlppant — (trip'-pant) Haying tbe right
forefoot lifted, the other three remain-
ing on the ground, as if trotting. This
term is applied to beasts of chase, as a
buclc, hart, etc., and is the same as pas-
sant, which is applied to beasts of prey.
CouNTER-TRippANT— Two animals borne
trlppant contrary ways, as if passing
each other.
Trlpplngr — The same as tbippant. ,
Triton — (tri'-ton) A variety of sea shell.
Tronconee demembre — (tron-kon-ay'
de-mem'-bray) [French.] Separated; ap-
plied to a bearing, such as a cross, cut
in pieces and separated, but still retain-
ing its original form.
TRONCONEE DEMEMBRE.
Tmncl&eon— (trun'shun) A baton, or staft
of authority.
The truncheon is the official badge of
the Earl Marshal. It Is a golden rod,
tipped with black enamel, being blazoned
at one end with the arms of the sover-
eign, and at the other with those of the
Earl.
Tmnked — (trunkt) 1. When the trunk of
a tree is of a tincture different from the
branches it is said to be trunked of such
a tincture.
2. Applied to a tree which has been
shorn of its branches and separated from
its roots.
' Tnberated — Knotted or swelled out.
Tnrnatlle — A revolving frame in a foot-
path to prevent the passage of horses
or cattle, but admitting that of a person.
* A representation of this is occasionally
seen as a bearing.
Tasked — (tuskt) Having tusks of a dif-
ferent tincture from that of the body.
Said of an elephant, boar, etc. Example :
If a boar was white with red tusks, he
would be blazoned **'A boar argent, tusked
gules."
Twyfoll — Having only two leaves.
Tyrwhlt — The lapwing.
U.
Ulster badgre— The badge of the province
of Ulster, Ireland — a sinister hand,
couped at the wrist apaum^ gules. ("A
bloody hand"). This was assigned by
James I as the badge to the baronets who
were to colonize Ulster. It is now borne
by all baronets of England and Ireland.
ULSTER BADGE.
Ulster Klngr-at-Arms — The chief her-
aldic officer for Ireland. The office was
created by Edward VI in 1552.
Unde — (un'-dy) Waving or wavy. This
term is applied tq ordinaries or lines of
division. (Also written undy ; the French
call it ond6.)
Undy — The same as unde.
Unescntcbeoned — (-es-kuch'-und) With-
out an escutcheon ; without a coat of
arms.
"To this loved cemetery, here to lodge.
With unescutcheoned privacy Interred."
— Wordsworth.
Unarned — [See unguled.]
Ungrnled — Having hoofs of a tincture dif-
ferent from that of the body. (Said of
a horse, stag, etc.
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Unicorn — Vert.
rnicora — (n'ni-kom) A fabiilons animal,
with the head, neck and body of a horse,
a beard like that of a goat, the legs of a
buck, the tail of a lion, and a long taper-
ing horn, spirally twisted, in the middle
of the forehead. The royal afms of Scot-
. land had unicorns* for supporters until
the union with England, in 1603. The
sinister supporter of the present arms of
<ireat Britain is, *'A unicorn argeni,
armed, crined and unguled or, gorged
with a coronet of crosses pat^e and fleur-
de-lis, with a chain affixed passing be-
tween the fore legs and reflected over the
back of the last.*'
Unicorn — One of the pursuivants of the
Lord Lyon's Court, Scotland.
IJnlfolI — A plant with only one leaf.
Vrdee — (ur'-dey) Pointed. The cross nr-
d^ is an ordinary cross with the ends
drawn to a sharp point instead of being
cut straight.
CROS.S URDEB.
Urlnant — (ur'-ln-ant) The opposite of
haurlent. This term Is applied to the
dolphin or other fish when represented
with the head downward and the tail
erect.
Urvant — (ur'-vant) Turned or bowed up-
ward.
Urved — [See urvant.]
V.
Valr — One of the furs of heraldry, com-
posed of a number of pieces cut to re-
semble little shields, and arranged al-
ternately argent and azure. When of
different tinctures they must be specified ;
as, "vairy argerft and vert.** Other va-
rieties of valr are : vair-en-point, where
the point of one shield, or skin, is placed
opposite to the base of the one below ;
counter-vair, where those of the same
color are placed base to baise and point
to point. (Vair was originally drawn
bell-shaped.)
Vair-potbnt — The same as potent.
Vaire — (vai'ry) The same as vaiht.
Valry — Checkered or charged with vair.
Vambraced — (vam'-braced) Armed with
a vam brace.
II The vambrace was the portion of ar-
mor which covered the arm from the el-
bow to the wrist.
Variated — [See varriatbd.]
Varment — (var'-met) The escallop When
represented without the ears.
Varrfated — (var'-ri-ated) A bearing cut
In the form of vair ; as, a bend varrlated
on the outsides.
Varrie»— Separate pieces of valr, the form
resembling a small shield or escutcheon.
Varrym — [See varribs.]
Var^elled — When the leather thongs
which tie on the bells to the legs of
hawks are borne flotant, with rings at
the ends, the bearing is then termed
Jessed, belled and varvelled.
Velloped — (vel'-opd) Having gills of a
different tincture from that of the bird
itself. Applied to a cock when so borne.
[WATTLED.]
Venns — When blazoning arms of princes
by planets, as some foolish heralds have
done, Venus represents the tincture vert
Verdoy — (ver'-dol) Applied to a hordure
charged with leaves, fruits, flowers, etc. ;
as, a bordure verdoy of trefoils.
Vergreiie — (ver'-jet) A small pale; a pal-
let ; also, a shield divided with pallets.
Veraant — (ver'-sant) Erected or elevated.
Vert — ^The tincture green. In engraving
it is expressed by diagonal lines from
dexter chief to sinister base. In fanciful
blazonry vert is also known as emerald
and Venus.
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Vertant — ^Water budget.
67
Vertant — (ver'-tant) Formed like the let-
ter S. [The same as flbctkd and re-
flected. ]
ViRilant — Applied to a cat when repre-
sented as on the lookout for prey.
Vlrole— (vi-role') The hoop, ring or mouth-
piece of a bugle or hunting horn.
Viroled — (vi-rold') Furnished with a vi-
role or viroles. Said of a bugle or horn
when borne with rings of a different
tincture from the bugle itself.
Vlewoiint — (vi'-kount) In Great Britain,
the fourth rank of nobility, being above
a baron and below an earl.
Vlaltatfon — An official visit made by a
king-at-arms to take note of all armorial
bearings within his Jurisdiction. These
visitations were made about every thirty
years. A provincial king-at-arms, either
personally or by deputy, would visit the
principal town of his province or county
and summon all the gentry to come for-
ward and record their respective pedi-
grees and show title to their armorial
bearings, all of which data would later
be recorded at the College of Heralds.
The first regular commission of visitation
was issued by Henry VIII in 1528-9, but
there had been visitations of one form or
another as early as 1412. The last visi-
tation took place early in the reign of
James II.'
VUior— That part of a helmet in old ar-
mor which protected the face, and which
could be lifted up or down at pleasure.
Vlaored — With the visor down, or closed.
Voided — Having the inner part cut away,
leaving a narrow border, witli tlie tinc-
CROSS VOIDED.
tare of the field showing in the vacant
space ; a bearing in outline only.
Voider — One of the subordinarles, being
a diminutive of the flanch. It resembles
the fianch, but is smaller and has a flat-
ter curve.
1i In defensive armor the voider was a
gusset piece, of plate or mail, which was
used to cover an unprotected space at
the elbow or knee Joints.
Vol — A pair of wings ; two wings con-
Joined and displayed in base.
Volant — Represented as flying, or having
the wings spread as in flight. Applied
to a bird ; as, an eagle volant.
Vorant — (vor'-ant) Devouring. Applied to
an animal depicted devouring another.
Valned — (vulnd) Wounded. Applied to
an animal or bird depicted as wounded
and bleeding ; as, a leopard vulned.
Vnlnins— Wounding ; in the act of wound-
ing. This term is applied more particu-
larly to the pelican, which, when shown
in profile, is generally represented as
wounding her breast. [Pelican in hbk
PIETY.]
w.
IVater bndar«'t— (buj'et) A bearing which
represents the ancient water budget, or
WATER BUDGET.
bucket, consisting of two leather vessels
connected by a stick or yoke and carried
over the shoulder. They were used by
soldiers for carrrylng water on long
marches, and were also utilized by water
carriers to convey water from th6 con-
duits to the houses of the citizens.
The water budget Is an early and fre-
quent bearing in English heraldry.
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Watery—York.
"Watery — A term sometimes used to ex-
press UNDE.
"Wattle — The fleshy lobe that grows un-
der the throat of a domestic fowl.
Wattled and combed — When the gills
and comh are of a different tincture from
that of the body. ( Said of the cock. )
WaTed — The same as uxdb.
Wavy — The same as unde.
Welt — A narrow border to an ordinary or
charge.
Whelk — The ordinary sea shell.
Wlielk'a Mliell — The same as whelk.
White — This color in heraldry Is known
as ARGENT.
W^hite Cro«« Knisht— A Hospitaller.
These knights wore a white cross to dis-
tinguish them from -the Knights Tem-
plar, who wore a red cross.
White spar — A kind of esquire. (Cotcel.)
Wildcat — [See cat.]
Windsor — The name of one of the six
heralds in the College of Arms.
Wingred — Depicted as having wings; or
haying wings of a different tincture from
the body.
W^ingred lion — This was the symbol of
St. Mark, and was adopted as the her-
aldic device of the Venetian republic,
when St. Theodore was supplanted as the
patron saint of Venice by St. Mark. The
bearing may be blazoned : "Azure, a
winged lion sejant gardant, with a glory
or ; in his fore paws an open book, there-
on *Paw iibi. Marc, Evangelista Meus/
over the dexter page a sword erect, all
proper."
Wiver — [See wyvebn.]
Wivern — [See wyvebn.]
Wood — The same as hurst.
W^reath — The roll or chaplet above the
shield, supporting the crest. It is sup-
posed to represent a twist of two silken
cords, one tinctured like the principal
metal, the other like the principal color,
in the arms. Wreaths may also be cir-
cular, but the straight wreath is by far
the more common.
Wyvcm — An imaginary animal — a two-
WTVBRN.
legged dragon, the body passing off into
a long tail barbed at the end and gen-
erally borne nowed or knotted.
York — The name of one of the six heralds
in the College of Arms.
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AN ILLUSTRATED
5UPPLLMLNT.
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nXUSTRATEB SUPPLEMENT.
71
ABASED.
(Page 1.)
WINGS ABASkD.
(Page 1.)
\
AFFRONTEE.
(Page 2.)
ALLERION
(Page S.)
U
ADDORSED.
(Page 2.)
ANCHORED.
(See Anchored Cross, page S.)
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72
ILLUSTRATES SUPPLEMENT.
ANCHORED CROSS.
(Page s.) '
ASHEN KEYS.
(Page 7.)
ANNULET.
(Page U
ARGENT.
(Page k.)
ATTIRED.
(Page 7.)
AVELLANE CROSS.
(Page 7.)
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ULUSTBATED SDPFLEHENT.
73
B^
V
VRBED
(POi
r
ARROWS.
Ue9.)
]
BARS GEMEL.
(Pam 10.)
BARRY BENDY.
(Pages.)
BATON SINISTER.
(Page 10.)
)
^ :±>
M.
lTTERING RA]
(Page 10.)
BARS.
(Page 9.)
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74
ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.
BEND.
(Page 11.)
BEND SINISTER.
(Page 11.)
BEVILLED.
(Page It.)
BEZANTS.
(Page it.)
BEQUE.
(Page 11.)
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niiUSTBATED SUFFLEMMT.
75
BICORPORATE.
(Pageli,)
BORDURE.
(PaoeU.)
BILLET.
(Pageii.)
JL
BOTTONY.
(Pagelk.)
BIRD-BOLT.
(Page IS.)
BRACED.
(PageH.)
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76
ULUSTBATED SUPPLEMENT.
BRICKS.
(Page 15.)
CABLEE.
(Page 15.)
CALTHROP.
(Page 16.)
CALVARY CROSS.
(Page 16.)
CABOSHED.
(Page 15.)^
CANTON
(Page 16.)
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ILLU9TBATED SUPPLEMENT.
77
CHAPOURNET.
(Page n.)
CHEVRON.
(Page 18.)
CHECKY.
(Page 17.)
CHIEF.
(Page 18.)
CHESS-ROOK.
(Page 17.)
CLECHE.
. (Page 18.)
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78
ULUSTRAIED SUPPLEMENT.
COMBATANT.
(Page 19.)
COTTISE.
(Page 21.)
COMPONY.
(Page tO.)
CORDED.
(Page tO.)
COUCHANT
(Page 21.)
COUNTERPALED.
(Page ti.)
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ULVSTRATED SDFPLEHEirr.
79
COUNTERPOINTE.
(Page 21.)
COUPED.
(Page 22.)
COUNTER-CHANGED.
(Pa{fe 21.)
COURANT.
(Said of any beast represented running.)
COUNTER-COURANT.
(Page 21.)
CRAMPONEE.
(Page 22.)
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80
ULVSTBATED SUPPLEMENT.
^
CRESCENT.
(Page 22.)
CREST.
(Page 22.)
DECRESCENT.
(Page 26.) '
CROSS CROSSLET.
(Page 2S.)
INCRESCENT.
(Page i2.)
CYGNET ROYAL.
!« (Page 25.)
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ULUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.
81
DEBRUISED.
(Page 25.)
DIAPERED.
(Page 27.)
'7_n_rzr
¥f
'WO*
DEGRADED.
(Page 26.)
A Cross Degraded is one furnished
with steps; a Cross Degraded and Con-
joined is a plain cross, its ends termi-
nating in steps Joined to the sides of the
shield.
n.
X 1
MARKS OF DIFFERENCE.
(Page 27.)
DEXTER CHIEF POINT.
(Page 26.)
DISCLOSED.
(Page 27.)
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82
niiVSIBATED SUTFLEMENT.
DISPLAYED
(Page rt.)
DORMANT.
(Page t8.)
EMBATTLED.
(Page 29.)
ENGOULEE.
(Page SO.)
DRAGON.
(Page t8.)
ENGRAILED.
(Page SO.)
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TLLTJSIRLTED SUTELEMEIIT.
83
ENHANCED.
(Page 81.)
F.STOILE.
(Page St.)
ERMINE.
CPoflrc SI.)
FESSE.
(Page SS.)
ESCALLOPEE.
(Page St.)
FE'lTERLOCK.
(Page SS.)
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84
ULUSTBATED SUPPLEMENT.
FITCHEE.
(Page n.)
FLANCHES.
(Paoe 9k,)
FLOTANT.
(Page S5,)
FOURCHEE.
(Page S5.)
^^
FLEUR-DE-LIS.
(Page SJ^J
FRACTED.
(Page So.)
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ULUSTBATED SUPPLEMENT.
85
FRET.
(Page S5.) •
FUSILS CONJOINED.
(Page S6.J
FRETTED.
(Page 95.)
FUSIL.
(Page 96.)
GARDANT.
(Page 96.)
AT GAZE.
(Page 7.)
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86
nifinSTBAIED siii^i ^i^T'^'MT'^W T
GOBONATED.
(Page rt,)
GUSSET.
(Page 38.)
GORE.
(Page 87.)
GUTTEE.
(Page 38.)
MIHIm^
GYRON.
(Page 38.)
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ULUSTBATED SUPPLEMENT.
87
GYRONNY.
(Pag^ S8.)
HARRINGTON KNOT.
(Page 99.)
HATCHMENT.
(Page 99.)
HUMETTEE.
(Page Jfi.)
IMPALEMENT.
(Page ^1.)
INCENSANT.
(Page hi.)
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88
ULUSTBATED SUPFLEMEITr.
INCLAVE
(Page J^J
INDENTED.
(Page kt.)
INFLAMED.
(Page ^2.)
INTERCHANGEABLY
POSED.
(Page i2.)
INESCUTCHEON.
(Page J^.)
INTERFRETTED.
(Page Jfi.)
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ULUSTRATED SDFFLEMENT.
89
INVECTED.
(Page ki.) '
LANCE.
(Page U)
ISSUANT.
(Page |5.;
Szf2
LABEL.
(Page U-)
^
LATTICE.
(Page U)
LIVER.
(Page J^5,)
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90
ULUSTBATED SUPPLEMENT.
LODGED.
(Pane 1,0.)
MARTLET.
(Page J^6.)
LOZENGY
(Page ^5.)
MASCLE
(Page Jfi.)
LYMPHAD.
(Page k5.)
MAUNCH
(Page ^6.)
The above example is from the seal
of John de Hastings (1291).
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ULUSTBATED SUFPLEMEST.
91
MITERS.
(Page ^7.)
NOMBRIL.
(Page i8.)
NATANT.
(Page JiS.J
NOWED.
(Page J^.)
NEBULY.
(Page k8.)
I NOWYED.
(Page ^.)
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92
niiUSIBAIED SUTFUSMENT.
ORLE.
(Page ifi.)
PALE.
(Page 4P.;
PALL.
(Page ^9.)
PALLETTED.
(Page 50.)
PALY.
(Page 50.)
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niiUSIRATED SUFFLEMENT.
93
^
•
PARTY PER BEND.
PARTY PER PALE.
(Page 50.)
(Page 50.)
M
PARTY PER CROSS.
PASSANT.
(Pa{fe 50.)
(Page 50.)
[This is called Quarterly.]
s
PARTY PER FESSE.
(
:ross patee
(Page 50.)
(Page 51.)
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94
ILLnSIBATED SUFFLEMENT.
PELICAN IN HER PIETY.
(Page 51.)
A
B
D
E
c
k.
P
Jj
POINTS.
(Page 52,)
^
PHEON.
(Page 51.)
POINT IN POINT.
J Page 5i.)
PILE.
(Page St.)
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ILLUSTEATED SUPPLEMENT.
95
POSE
(Page 52.)
POTENT.
(Page 52.)
\
a,
3
V
QUARTERS.
(Page 5^.)
QUARTERLY.
(Bw Quartering, page S4.)
QUARTER.
(Page 5S.)
QUARTERLY.
(Page 5^.)
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96
ILLUSTRATED SDFFLEMEIIT.
QUARTER-PIERCED.
(Page 5^.)
RAGULY.
(Page 5k.)
RAMPANT.
(Page 51,.)
RAMPANT GARDANT.
(Page 55.)
RAMPANT REGARDANT.
(Page 55.)
RAMPANT SEJANT.
(Page 55.)
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ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.
97
RECERCELEE.
(Page H.)
REST.
(Page 56.)
RECURSANT.
(Page 55.)
REGARDANT PASSANT.
(Page 55.)
ROUNDELS.
(Page 56.)
ROUSANT.
(Page 57.)
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98
ZLLUSTBATED SUPPLEMENT.
SALIANT.
(Page 57.)
SALTIRE.
(Page 51.)
SALTIRES HUMETTEE.
(Page 57.)
SEJANT.
(Page 58.)
SHAKE FORK.
(Page 58.)
SPEAR HEAD.
(Page S9.)
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ZLLUSTBATED SUFFLEMEITr.
99
SHIELDS.
1. Norman shield. 2. An early example of the long-pointed kite-shaped
shield. 3. Pear or heart shaped shield. 4 and 5. Fanciful variations.
6. Lozenge shield, used by women. (See Shield, page 68.)
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100
ILLUSTRATED SUFPLEMEKT.
SUN IN SPLENDOR.
(See Sun, page 60.)
^
SUPPORTERS.
(Page 60.)
SURMOUNTED.
(Page 60.)
TAU CROSS.
(Page 61.)
SUR-ANCREE.
(Page 60.)
TEUTONIC CROSS.
(Page 61.)
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nXirSIBATED SDPFKEHEBT.
101
TINCTURES.
St<;.>^
COLORS AND METALS.
a, Or ; b. Argent ; c, Azure ; d. Gules ;
e, Purpure ; f, Sable ; g. Vert ; /t,
Sanguine ; i, Tenn#.
(For Tinctures see pages 62 and 63.)
FURS.
A, Ermine ; b, Valr ; c, Ermines ; d, Br-
minois ; e, original form of Vair ;
F, Pean ; g, Counter-potent ; h,
Counter-vair ; i, Potent.
THUNDERBOLT.
(Page 62.)
TORQUED.
(Page 63.)
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102
ILLUSTBATED SUPPLEMENT.
TRANSFIXED.
(Page 6Jk.)
The above illustration is also known
as a Stag of St. Hubert.
TRANSPOSED.
(Page 64.)
TRESSURE.
(Page 6^.)
IQ
0^
TRIPARTED.
(Page 6Jk.)
TREILLE.
(Page 6^.)
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ILLUSTRATED SUPPLEMENT.
103
TRONCONEE DEMEMBRE
(Page 65.)
TURNSTILE.
(Page 65.)
ULSTER BADGE.
(Page 65.)
CROSS URDEE.
(Page 66.)
URVANT.
(Page 66.)
VARVELLED.
(Page 66.)
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104
ILLnSTBATED SDFFLEHEirT.
CROSS VOIDED.
(Page €7.)
VOIDER.
(Poffe en.)
VOLANT.
(Page 61.)
WATER BUDGET.
(Pa<re en.)
m M ^ 4</
WREATHS
(Page 68.)
There are a number of forms of the
wreath, but the straight one is by far
the more common. -
WYVERN.
(Page 68.)
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Digitized by
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Digitized by
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