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Full text of "Plantae Utowanae. Plants collected in Bermuda, Porto Rico, St. Thomas, Culebras, Santo Domingo, Jamaica, Cuba, The Caymans, Cozumel, Yucatan and the Alacran shoals. Dec. 1898-Mar. 1899. The Antillean cruise of the yacht Utowana. Mr. Allison V. Armour, owner and master"

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BBBH 


Field  Columbian  Museum 


Publication  43, 


Botanical  Series. 


Vol.  II,  No.  1 


PLANTS   UTOWAN.E. 

PLANTS    COLLECTED    IN    BERMUDA,    PORTO    RICO,    ST. 
THOMAS,  CULEBRAS,  SANTO  DOMINGO.  JAMAICA, 
CUBA,    THE    CAYMANS,   COZUMEL,    YUCA- 
TAN  AND  THE  ALACRAN  SHOALS. 
DEC.    1898   TO   MAR.    1899. 

THE  ANTILLEAN  CRUISE  OF  THE  YACHT 

UTOWANA. 

Mr.  Allison  V.  Armour,  Owner  and  Master. 


BY 


Charles   Frederick  Millspaugii,   M.D. 
Curator  Department  of  Botany. 


PART  I — Catalogue  of  the  Species. 


Chicago,   U.  S.  A. 


March,    1900. 


w 


RARY  NEW  YORK  BOTANICAL  GARDEI 


FIELD   COLUMBIAN    MUSEUM. 


PLATE    XXV. 


Route  of  the  "Utowana" 
Limits  of  the  Antillean  Flora 


PLANT/E  UTOWAN/E. 


CHARLES  F.  MILLSPAUGH,  M.D. 


Mr.  Allison  V.  Armour,  of  Chicago — through  whose  generous 
patronage  the  author  made  his  first  collection  in  Yucatan  for  this 
Museum  during  December,  1894,  and  January,  1895 — wishing  to 
advance  the  knowledge  of  the  flora  of  that  peninsula  and  to  afford 
the  opportunity  of  correlating  its  vegetation  with  that  of  the  coastal 
region  of  the  Greater  Antilles,  again  planned  his  winter  cruise  in 
1898-1899  that  it  might  embrace  as  many  as  possible  of  the  more 
important  points  at  which  the  study  of  the  question  could  be  profit- 
ably conducted.  He  therefore  placed  his  new  auxiliary  steam  sail- 
ing yacht  "Utowana"  in  commission,  and  invited  Messrs.  Jordan  L. 
Mott,  Jr.,  and  Edward  S.  Isham,  Jr.,  of  New  York,  and  Mr.  Edward 
P.  Allen,  photographer  of  this  Museum,  and  myself  as  his  guests. 

THE   ITINERARY. 

December  21,  1898,  was  set  for  sailing,  but,  delayed  by  the 
memorable  fog  that  hung  over  the  east  coast  during  the  21st,  22d 
and  23d,  departure  was  not  taken  from  the  dock  at  the  foot  of  West 
Thirty-fourth  street,  New  York,  until  eight  o'clock  on  the  morning  of 
the  24th.  The  wind,  which  had  been  in  the  west  during  the  morn- 
ing, fell  in  the  afternoon,  and  using  steam  a  course  was  laid  from 
Sandy  Hook  for  the  Bermudas.  During  the  evening  and  night  a 
gale  came  up  out  of  the  southeast,  and  the  next  two  days  were 
spent  beating  against  the  wind  and  fighting  the  cross-sea  of  the 
Gulf  Stream  in  weather  so  gloomy  that  satisfactory  observations 
could  not  be  made.  Trusting  to  a  faulty  sight  rather  than  reliable 
dead-reckoning,  our  captain  missed  the  islands  to  the  southward, 
and  noon  on  the  27th  found  us  sixty  miles  to  the  eastward  of  our 
intended  port.  As  we  came  about,  the  wind,  with  Atlantic  perver- 
sity, also  shifted  into  the  west,  and  we  were  compelled  to  fight  our 
way  back  against  even  rougher  water  than  before.  During  the  mid- 
night watch  the  seas  broke  over  us  with  such  force  that  two  of  our 

3 


4  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

men    barely    escaped    being    washed    overboard    while    setting     the 
storm-staysail. 

We  sighted  the  welcome  light  on  St.  George's  at  daybreak  on 
the  28th  and  reached  Hamilton  harbor  at  noon.  Taking  one  of  the 
yacht's  boats  I  visited  a  number  of  the  islets  in  the  bay  (collecti?ig 
nos.  1-35),  and  on  the  29th  and  30th  continued  work  on  the  hills  and 
in  the  boggy  swales  back  of  Paget's  Landing  (36-69).  During  the 
morning  hours  of  the  31st  an  excursion  was  made  to  the  famous 
Walsingham  district  (70-113),  and  the  afternoon  until  dusk  was 
utilized  in  a  search  of  the  fields  and  woodlands  north  of  Hamilton 
(116-139). 

We  left  the  harbor  at  1  o'clock  on  New  Year's  day  and  as 
we  reached  the  offing,  set  all  sail  and  laid  a  course  for  San  Juan, 
Porto  Rico,  a  distance  of  840  miles,  making  that  harbor  on  the  morn- 
ing of  January  5th. 

January  6th  was  spent  in  botanizing  over  the  lowland  border- 
ing the  bay  at  Catano,  opposite  San  Juan  (140-193).  January  7th 
a  carriage  was  engaged  and  a  trip  taken  along  the  military  road 
from  Rio  Pedras  to  Caguas,  whence  I  returned  to  San  Juan  on  the 
evening  of  the  8th  (194-248).  The  afternoon  of  the  9th  was  spent 
in  the  Catano  region  with  Mr.  E.  E.  Heller,  who  had  just  arrived 
in  Porto  Rico  to  collect  for  the  New  York  Botanical  Garden  (249- 
239).  On  the  10th,  again  in  company  with  Mr.  Heller,  the  sand- 
dune  coast  region  at  Santurce  was  visited  (260-303),  and  on  the  nth 
we  worked  the  foothills  near  Bayamon  (306-326,  338-338)  collecting 
at  Catano  (327-337)  while  awaiting  the  departure  of  the  train  for  that 
field. 

The  shores  of  the  bay  of  San  Juan  are  quite  distinct  in  their 
flora  from  the  seashore,  the  sandy  beach  failing  to  yield  those 
characteristic  Antillean  forms  so  predominant  everywhere  on  the 
true  sea  coast:  Cakile  maritima,  Ernodea  littoralis,  Suriana  mari- 
tima,  Tournefortia  gnaphalodes,  Sesuvium  portulacastrum,  and 
Euphorbia  buxifolia,  all  of  which  are  plentiful  just  outside  the 
entrance.  The  flora  of  the  bay  shores  consists  principally  of  Wedelia 
trilobata,  Bidens  leucantha,  Coccoloba  uvifera,  and  Ipomoea  pes- 
caprae. 

During  our  stay  in  this  region  heavy  showers  fell  upon  an 
average  of  every  three  hours;  but  as  they  lasted  only  a  few  moments, 
and  the  herbage  dried  almost  as  soon  as  the  rain  ceased,  they  inter- 
fered little  with  collecting. 

We  left  the  harbor  on  the  16th,  and  steaming  eastward  against 
a  heavy  wind,  spent  the  night  making  seventy  odd  miles  to  the  bay 


March,    1900.       Plantve  Utowan/E — Millspaugh.  5 

of  St.  Thomas,  which  we  entered  early  on  the  morning  of  the  17th. 
Here  the  day  was  utilized  in  collecting  about  the  bay  shore  and  on 
the  hillsides  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia  {364-502).  At  four  o'clock  on 
the  morning  of  the  18th — having  been  so  fortunate  as  to  secure  the 
same  man  who  acted  as  a  guide  for  Baron  Eggers  in  his  St.  Thomas 
trips — I  started  across  the  island  by  way  of  the  high  mountain  back 
of  the  town.  My  guide  being  familiar  with  the  ferny  nooks  and 
deep  woods  where  Baron  Eggers  found  many  of  his  more  interest- 
ing species,  the  trip  proved  a  very  profitable  one  {503-565)  and 
greatly  enhanced  the  value  of  so  short  a  stay  at  this  island. 

We  sailed  at  noon  of  the  same  day  for  the  island  of  Culebras, 
a  part  of  our  new  Porto  Rican  territory,  and  aided  now  by  the  trade 
winds,  we  made  the  twenty-five  miles  handsomely  before  too  dark 
to  effect  an  entrance  to  the  excellent  harbor  on  its  southern  coast. 

January  19th  was  spent  in  work  on  the  northern  shores  of  the 
bay  {566-635),  and  the  morning  of  the  20th  on  the  seashore  south- 
west of  the  bay  {636-640).  The  shores  of  the  island  are  clothed 
with  a  dense  growth  of  cacti,  agaves  and  low-spreading  rubiaceous 
and  leguminous  shrubs  covered  with  bromeliads;  the  cleared  fields 
in  from  the  coast  are,  however,  fertile  and  productive,  and  in  the 
pastures  the  backs  only  of  the  cattle  can  be  seen  as  they  graze  upon 
the  tall,  fresh  guinea  grass. 

At  3  p.  M.  we  weighed  anchor,  left  the  harbor,  and  passing 
to  the  eastward  rounded  Viejas  Island  and  spent  the  night  at  sea, 
reaching  Playa,  the  port  of  Ponce,  at  seven  the  following  morning. 
Taking  the  sailing  launch  we  visited  Ratones  Island  {650-661), 
which  is  being  so  rapidly  washed  away  by  the  force  of  the  sea 
that  living  clumps  of  Suriana  are  still  standing  in  the  water  nearly 
a  quarter  of  a  mile  from  the  receding  shore.  I  walked  back  along 
the  shore,  collecting  the  coastal  forms  {662-684);  and  in  the  morning 
we  left  the  port  for  Guanica,  which  was  reached  at  noon.  Guanica 
hill  proved  a  very  interesting  collecting  ground  {685-710),  and  the 
plain  and  parched  tangle  of  chapparal  on  the  bay  shore  well  repaid 
the  exertion  of  an  entire  hot  day  on  the  22d  {711-754  and  755-768). 

Leaving  here  at  ten  o'clock  in  the  evening,  we  arrived  off 
Mona  Island  at  the  same  hour  on  the  23d,  and  drew  into  an 
anchorage  at  El  Sardinero,  where  we  attempted  to  make  a  land- 
ing in  the  dinghy,  but  without  success,  the  waves  being  too  high  to 
allow  us  to  approach  the  shore  in  safety.  Reluctantly  this  coast 
was  abandoned  and  we  moved  around  the  spit  into  Santa  Isabella 
bay.  Here  another  attempt  was  made  which  was  again  unsuc- 
cessful, and  we   were  compelled   to  bear   away  for   our  next   port — 


6  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

San  Domingo — which  we  reached  on  the  morning  of  the  24th. 
I  took  a  carriage  and  spent  the  day  driving  about  the  environs  of 
the  city  (769-883).  In  the  early  evening  we  sailed  for  Port  Antonio, 
on  the  northeast  coast  of  Jamaica,  which  we  reached  on  the  morn- 
ing of  the  26th.  From  here  a  trip  was  made  to  Kingston  by 
rail,  which  afforded  me  a  valued  opportunity  to  visit  the  Hope 
Botanical  Gardens,  and  meet  the  genial  Mr.  William  Fawcett, 
Director  of  the  Public  Gardens  and  Plantations,  but  left  no  time  for 
collecting  as  we  returned  to  Port  Antonio  at  noon  the  following 
day.  The  29th  was  occupied  in  field  work  about  Port  Antonio 
(884-1000),  and  in  the  evening  we  sailed  for  Santiago  de  Cuba, 
reaching  there  at  noon  on  the  30th.  The  afternoon  was  devoted  to 
mails  from  home,  and  the  31st  to  a  trip  down  the  coast  in  the  yacht 
to  visit  the  wrecks  of  the  Viscaya  and  Almirante  Oquendo. 

February  1st  was  occupied  in  a  study  of  the  arid  shores  of  the 
bay,  which  at  this  season  present  very  few  flowering  plants  (1001— 
1024);  and  the  2d  in  a  trip  to  El  Caney  {1023-1041)  and  San  Juan 
Hill  (1042-1036).  So  little  rain  falls  in  this  region  at  this  season, 
that  the  scanty  flora  sustains  insufficient  characters  to  warrant 
extended  collecting.  On  the  3d  and  4th  we  visited  Morro  Castle 
(1037-1103)  and  "The  Ovens"  (1104-1126),  the  l-atter  a  gulch  to  the 
north,  in  whose  rocky  sides  are  many  rounded  cavities,  large  and 
small,  which  give  rise  to  the  name. 

At  this  point  in  the  cruise  Mr.  Mott  was  called  home  by  busi- 
ness necessities,  and  as  better  accommodations  could  be  secured  on  a 
vessel  leaving  Port  Antonio,  our  yacht  was  headed  again  for  that 
place.  This  gave  me  a  further  opportunity  to  collect  there,  and  the 
.morning  of  the  8th  was  spent  in  a  glen  near  the  village  (1127-1149). 
At  5  p.  m.  we  followed  Mr.  Mott's  steamer  out  of  the  bay  and  laid  a 
course  for  Cuba  at  the  point  where  the  Cristobal  Colon  was  driven 
ashore.  We  sighted  her  at  about  ten  the  following  morning,  and 
while  the  Utowana  lay  off  and  on,  we  boarded  the  wreck  and  spent 
some  time  upon  her  side. 

At  Cayman  Brae  our  next  stopping  place,  we  found  an  anchor- 
age on  the  north  coast  close  to  the  rocky  shore,  near  a  little  settle- 
ment known  as  "The  Creek."  Here,  in  company  with  one  of  the 
natives,  I  spent  the  afternoon  along  the  beach  and  on  the  plateau 
above  (1130-1192). 

A  calm  delightful  evening  followed  and  we  retired  early  with  a 
quiet  sea,  only  to  be  rudely  awakened  at  eleven  o'clock  by  a 
horrible  thumping.  Rushing  on  deck  we  found  the  yacht  in  a 
screaming  "norther,"  which,  coming  up  without  warning,  was  dash- 


March,    igoo.        Plants  Utowan^ — Millspaugh.  7 

ing  the  sea  against  the  iron-bound  coast  with  terrible  fury  directly 
under  our  stern.  As  soon  as  sufficient  steam  could  be  raised  an 
attempt  was  made  to  leave  the  dangerous  anchorage,  but  before  the 
screw  could  gain  a  purchase  upon  the  foam-lashed  water  our  ship 
struck  the  rocks,  once,  twice,  thrice,  and  in  the  awful  suspense 
of  the  next  moment,  when  we  expected  that  each  second  would 
be  our  last,  the  leadsman's  welcome  cry  of  "moving  ahead,  sir," 
greeted  us,  sweet  as  a  voice  from  home.  In  a  few  minutes  more  we 
were  out  of  danger  and  the  yacht  was  beating  to  sea  like  a  frightened 
thing.  Gaining  the  offing,  we  squared  around  the  east  end  of  the 
island  and  came  to  anchor  again  under  its  lee,  where  we  found  pro- 
tection from  the  storm.  We  shifted  to  a  point  farther  west  the  next 
morning  and  resumed  collecting  (1193-1219).  April  and  May  being 
the  principal  floral  months  here,  little  was  to  be  expected  of  plants  in 
form  for  collection  in  February,  and  a  tramp  of  several  miles  the  fol- 
lowing day  resulted  in  only  eighteen  species  worthy  of  preservation 

(I220-I2J7). 

Leaving  Cayman  Brae  on  the  nth,  we  ran  across  to  Little  Cay- 
man, skirting  its  entire  south  shore  in  search  of  a  safe  landing-place, 
but  finding  none  we  finally  stood  off  and  ran  to  the  southwest, 
reaching  the  harbor  at  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman,  after  dark. 
Daylight  brought  the  health  officer,  who  with  many  expressions  of 
regret  forbade  us  to  land,  as  our  last  port  was  reported  to  be 
infected  with  measles.  However  on  being  informed  of  the  nature 
of  our  visit,  he  consulted  with  the  authorities  ashore  and  the 
Governor  himself  came  out  to  us  and  courteously  gave  me  permission 
to  land  at  least  a  mile  above  the  village,  but  cautioned  me  to  keep 
away  from  any  person  or  dwelling  that  I  might  encounter.  Avail- 
ing myself  of  the  privilege  I  made  an  extended  trip  along  the  shore 
north  of  the  port  and  into  the  borders  of  the  lagoon  (1238-1263). 

We  made  an  attempt  in  the  afternoon  with  our  sailing  launch  to 
round  Jackson  Point  south  of  the  town  in  order  to  further  search  the 
shores,  but  the  wind  gave  place  to  heavy  rain  squalls  and  we  were 
compelled  to  work  back  to  the  yacht.  These  weather  conditions 
were  followed  by  a  dead  calm  and  other  indications  of  a  norther. 
At  5  p.  m.  a  rising  wind  began  to  steadily  shift  to  the  westward,  and 
at  six  it  became  strong  and  tended  northward,  where  it  continued 
during  the  night.  In  the  early  morning  rain  again  fell  in  torrents, 
the  wind  instantly  shifted  dead  north  and  blew  a  gale,  and  again  we 
were  caught  on  a  lee  shore.  All  hands  were  promptly  on  deck,  and 
with  steam  and  sail  we  crept  away  from  danger.  As  the  other 
shipping  in  the  open  roadstead  made  frantic  attempts  to  secure  safety 


8  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

in  flight,  one  pretty  white  schooner  that  lay  near  us  was  quickly 
blown  high  up  on  the  rocks  a  wreck,  and  a  large  trading  vessel  from 
Belize,  dragging  her  anchor,  threatened  to  follow,  but  finally  escaped 
with  us  around  the  point  into  the  quiet  water  of  Spot  Bay.  We  were 
thus  driven  by  the  storm  to  the  very  point  we  had  failed  to  reach  the 
day  before,  a  place  which,  on  going  ashore,  proved  of  particular 
interest  in  its  flora.  Eighty-eight  numbers  (7266-1334)  were  secured 
here.  As  I  regained  the  yacht,  which  was  rolling  heavily  in  the  sea 
that  now  ran  in  from  the  point,  I  arranged  the  plants  in  driers  on  my 
stateroom  floor,  a  gymnastic  feat  in  the  performance  of  which  I  had 
become  quite  proficient. 

Tuesday,  February  14 — albeit  a  drizzling  rain  fell  constantly  dur- 
ing the  morning — Mr.  Armour,  Mr.  Isham  and  myself  made  an 
extended  excursion  into  the  interior  of  the  island  (1335-1391),  where 
we  encountered  the  great  pest  of  the  place,  mosquitoes.  While  I  am 
unacquainted  with  the  entomological  characteristics  of  this  particular 
species,  the  horrible  torture  to  which  we  ungraciously  submitted  on 
this  trip  I  had  never  before  experienced.  Swarms  of  the  large 
black  creatures  settled  upon  us  drawing  blood  instantly;  they  refused 
to  be  brushed  away,  only  yielding  to  death.  As  we  neared  the 
center  of  the  island  they  actually  drove  us  back,  and  with  swollen 
faces,  hands  and  necks,  we  fled  to  the  open,  conquered  and  in  tor- 
ment. I  was  told  by  a  merchant  of  Georgetown  that  in  May  and 
June  these  insects  became  so  numerous  and  terrible  that  he  always 
closed  up  his  business  and  left  the  island.  He  further  vouched  for 
the  fact  that  they  killed  many  head  of  cattle  during  the  summer  and 
rendered  the  place  uninhabitable  except  to  those  people  hardened  to 
their  poison. 

In  the  early  evening  the  weather  signs  warned  us  that  the  south 
coast  was  in  its  turn  becoming  dangerous,  and  learning  that  the 
norther  had  abated  we  ran  around  to  our  old  anchorage  off  George- 
town. Here  we  learned  that  the  Board  of  Health  had  decided  to 
raise  our  quarantine  and  we  were  invited  ashore. 

We  found  the  main  street  along  the  water  front  a  wreck  from 
the  storm  and  littered  with  debris  from  shore  and  sea.  We  were 
told  that  the  norther  had  proved  the  worst  the  inhabitants  had 
experienced  for  twenty  years.  After  an  hour  spent  in  collecting 
about  the  streets  and  vacant  lots,  both  of  which  are  noticeably  free 
from  the  usual  weeds  of  civilization  (1392-1406),  I  was  summoned 
aboard  by  the  yacht's  whistle,  for  the  wind  had  again  shifted  and 
the  anchorage  was  becoming  untenable.  All  sail  was  quickly  set  and 
we  left  this  storm-beaten  group  on  a  course  for  the  Isle  of  Pines. 


March,    1900.        Plants  Utowan.*: — Millspaugh.  9 

We  landed  at  Pedernales  Point  at  3  p.  m.  of  the  16th,  and 
worked  over  the  coastal  field  {1407-1445)  until  evening,  when  we 
left  for  the  extreme  western  point  of  Cuba — Cape  Corientes.  Reach- 
ing the  anchorage  off  the  cape  at  8  a.  m.  we  went  ashore  and  began 
our  search  of  the  coast  for  a  mile  or  so  each  side  of  our  landing- 
place.  The  coast  here  is  of  sharp,  flinty  coral,  dry  and  forbid- 
ding, and  the  vegetation  parched  and  almost  characterless  at  this  sea- 
son. Exhaustive  search  until  evening  only  resulted  in  twenty-two  num- 
bers [1446-1467).  Leaving  on  a  course  S.  W.  %  W.,  we  made  a 
delightful  sail  of  150  miles  to  the  Island  of  Cozumel,  10  miles  from 
the  east  coast  of  Yucatan,  and  dropped  anchor  off  the  village  of 
San  Miguel  at  noon ,  of  Saturday,  February  18th.  We  found  the 
conditions  about  as  they  were  four  years  before  when  with  the 
yacht  "  Ituna"  we  visited  the  island.  In  the  afternoon  I  made 
an  exhaustive  search  of  the  open  woodland  along  the  coast  north  of 
the  village  (1468-1508).  The  19th  was  spent  in  field  work  at  the 
Caleta,  a  bight  in  the  coral  coast  about  three  miles  south  of  San 
Miguel,  where  the  woodlands  are  moist  (1500-1537). 

In  the  evening  our  vessel  rested  as  if  in  dry  dock  on  the  still, 
transparent  waters  of  the  only  quiet  anchorage  on  the  whole  Yuca- 
tan coast,  and  we  enjoyed  a  calm  delightful  night  of  refreshing 
sleep.  Early  the  next  morning  I  started  for  an  extended  trip  to 
the  interior  of  the  island  accompanied  by  a  Maya  guide,  an  intelli- 
gent fellow  who  proved  of  great  assistance  in  recalling  to  my 
memory  the  Indian  names  of  such  plants  as  I  had  collected  here 
before,  and  in  naming  new  ones  as  they  were  gathered  (1538-1575). 
Our  anchorage  was  shifted  in  the  evening  to  the  shallow  waters  off 
the  north  shore  in  preparation  for  the  next  day's  work. 

Soon  after  sunrise  of  the  21st  the  entire  party,  well  equipped 
with  food  and  water,  disembarked  from  the  steam  launch  at  the 
northeast  point  of  the  island  for  one  of  the  most  severe  tramps  of 
the  cruise,  a  journey  over  ragged  coral  and  deep  sand,  and  through 
tangles  of  Sabal,  Coccoloba,  Suriana  and  Ernodea,  to  a  ruined 
Maya  temple  eight  miles  down  the  east  coast,  which  we  under- 
stood had  never  before  been  visited.  This  coast  is  of  great  interest 
to  the  botanist,  as  the  Gulf  Stream  sweeps  its  sands  leaving  masses 
of  driftwood  even  to  great  tree  trunks  scattered  along  its  beach, 
and  would  doubtless  offer  many  interesting  ecological  lessons  to 
one  who  could  spend  a  month  here  during  May,  June  or  July 
{1576-16 1 2). 

In  order  that  a  full  day's  work  might  be  done  at  Mugeres 
Island,  10  miles  north  from  our  anchorage,  our  captain  was  instructed 


io  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

to  get  under  way  at  4  a.  m.,  at  which  hour  we  were  suddenly 
awakened  by  a  violent  shock.  In  attempting  to  leave  the  shallows 
we  had  struck  a  coral  head  and  were  now  thumping  and  grinding  into 
its  yielding  crown  with  every  wave  of  the  sea.  For  four  long 
hours  every  means  was  tried  without  avail  to  extricate  the  ship 
from  its  position,  until  just  as  we  had  about  decided  that  the  beau- 
tiful fabric  was  destined  to  remain  aground  until  totally  wrecked  by 
a  "norther,"  a  roller  considerably  higher  than  any  of  its  predeces- 
sors came  over  the  sea  and  upon  its  crest  we  quietly  slid  into  deep 
water. 

These  repeated  dangers  convinced  us  that  our  vessel  was  too 
large  to  safely  lie  about  such  shores;  we  therefore  abandoned  our 
intention  of  stopping  at  harborless  Mugeres  and  passed  on  to  the 
eastward. 

Progreso,  the  seaport  of  Yucatan,  was  reached  about  noon  on 
the  23d,  whence  we  proceeded  by  train  to  Merida  25  miles  inland, 
where  we  were  entertained  at  the  pretty  Quinta  of  the  American 
Consul,  Mr.  Edward  H.  Thompson.  The  objective  point  in  Yuca- 
tan to  be  visited  by  the  party  was  the  ruins  of  the  ancient  Maya 
city,  Chichen  Itza,  about  sixty  miles  farther  inland  by  rail  and 
native  wagon.  In  order  that  I  might  visit  Dr.  Geo.  F.  Gaumer 
who  for  the  past  four  years  had  been  collecting  botanical  material 
for  this  Museum,  I  started  from  Merida  a  day  in  advance  of  the 
party.  From  Izamal  I  was  obliged  to  travel  seven  leagues  in  a  volan 
that  I  might  reach  Tunkas  and  join  the  others  who  were  to  arrive 
direct  from  Merida  by  rail.  The  distance  was  covered  in  the  unusually 
quick  time  of  three  hours,  over  a  road  so  dry  and  hot  that  the 
cochero  was  compelled  to  drench  the  wheels  at  each  watering-place 
to  keep  the  tires  from  dropping  off  the  felloes. 

The  night  at  Tunkas  was  spent  in  the  only  accommodations  of 
the  village — two  bare  rooms,  whose  sole  furniture  consisted  of  wooden 
pegs  from  which  we  hung  the  hammocks  providently  carried  with  us. 

Our  breakfast  the  next  morning  consisted  solely  of  chocolate  and 
bread,  a  poor  fortification  for  the  five-league  ride  over  the  most  rocky 
of  roads  in  that  most  "rocky"  of  vehicles — the  volan  coche. 

At  Chichen  Itza  we  spent  four  days  at  the  hacienda  of  Mr. 
Thompson,  visiting  the  ruins  and  incidentally  collecting  such  plants 
as  I  had  not  secured  there  on  my  previous  trips  (1616-1648),  and  on 
Friday,  March  3d,  we  returned  to  Tunkas.  The  night  train  from 
here  proceeded  only  two  leagues  to  Temax,  a  village  so  des- 
titute of  accommodations  for  travelers  that  we  sought  the  privilege 
of  hanging  our  hammocks  in  the  railroad  freight  house.      Here  we 


March,    1900.        Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  ii 

were  lulled  to  sleep  by  the  pattering  fall  of  countless  disappointed 
fleas  which,  in  their  vain  attempts  to  reach  us,  dropped  back  upon 
the  papers  we  had  spread  beneath  our  hammocks  as  a  rug. 

At  half  after  four  in  the  morning  we  again  boarded  the  train  and 
reached  Merida  at  half  past  nine.  Later  we  enjoyed  a  swim  in  Mr. 
Thompson's  irrigating  tank  and  regained  the  yacht  in  the  early  even- 
ing. Divesting  ourselves  of  our  clothing  on  deck,  that  we  might  not 
contaminate  our  cabins  with  the  various  predacious  insects  with 
which  we  were  covered,  we  soon  luxuriated  in  cleanliness  and  creat- 
ure comforts. 

Rowing  ashore  at  4  a.  m.,  March  5th,  I  spent  the  day  tramping 
over  two  leagues  of  the  lagoon  border  and  arid  scrub  land  south  of 
Progreso  {1643-1737^. 

A  condition  peculiar  in  Yucatan  existed  at  the  time  of  this  trip. 
Instead  of  the  usual  northeast  trades  the  wind  had  been  prevalent 
in  the  southeast,  bringing  more  rain  than  had  been  known  in  the 
peninsula  for  twenty  years.  This  rendered  the  herbage  and  shrub- 
bery of  the  wooded  lands  greener,  and  blooming  plants  more  plenti- 
ful than  I  had  seen  in  my  previous  visits,  and  served  to  render  my  col- 
lections at  Chichen  Itza  and  on  the  arid  plains  near  Progreso  espe- 
cially valuable.  The  "northers"  did  not  begin  on  the  Yucatan  coast 
this  year  until  our  first  experience  with  them  at  Cayman  Brae  on  the 
8th  of  February.  The  second  one,  which  drove  us  out  of  the  offing  at 
Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman,  on  the  13th,  dropped  the  temperature 
of  Yucatan  to  41  °  F.,  the  coldest  known  to  the  present  generation. 
These  moisture  and  temperature  conditions  formed  an  era  in  the  life 
of  the  inhabitants  that  will  be  a  tradition  for  decades  to  come. 

I  returned  to  the  dock  about  5  p.  m.  The  launch  awaited  me  at 
a  short  distance,  tossing  on  an  angry  sea  raised  since  morning  by  a 
steadily  increasing  northeast  wind  to  such  a  height  that  the  Captain 
of  the  Port  expostulated  with  us  for  attempting  to  make  the  four 
miles  to  the  anchorage  of  the  yacht.  However  with  Mr.  Armour  at 
the  helm,  we  started  off  into  the  wild  wind  and  waves  against  which 
we  fought  our  way  to  the  vessel.  As  we  drew  near,  the  entire  crew 
gathered  at  the  rail  and  watched  our  coming  with  anxious  faces.  We 
finally  gained  the  deck  by  leaping  from  the  crest  of  a  rising  wave  into 
the  arms  of  the  waiting  officers. 

The  captain,  fearing  a  shift  of  the  wind  to  the  north,  made 
immediate  preparations  to  raise  the  anchor  and  put  to  sea,  which  all 
steamers  in  the  offing  were  doing  as  rapidly  as  possible.  At  eight  o'clock 
the  wind  veered  full  in  the  north,  the  barometer  rose,  the  thermome- 
ter fell,  and  another  "norther"  burst  upon  us.      It  blew  with  fury  all 


12  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

that  night  and  all  the  following  day,  during  which  we  lay  hove  to 
about  25  miles  from  the  coast. 

Monday  night  was  spent  in  discomfort  until  about  five  in  the 
morning,  when  the  wind  died  down  though  the  sea  remained 
extremely  rough  and  choppy.  At  eight  o'clock  we  shaped  our 
course  as  true  as  dead  reckoning  admitted,  for  the  Alacran  Shoals 
and  spent  the  day  searching  for  them.  Circling  sea-birds  finally  in- 
dicated their  presence,  and  an  hour  later  we  dropped  anchor  in  com- 
paratively quiet  water  under  the  lee  of  Perez  Island  where  we  spent 
the  night. 

Mr.  Armour  accompanied  me  ashore  before  sunrise  (March  8th), 
where  a  thorough  canvass  was  made  of  every  plant  species  (1738- 
I7S7)-  Later  the  entire  party  visited  the  other  islets:  Pajaros  {1758- 
1764),  Chica  and  Allison  (1766-1771),  collecting  and  photographing, 
and  shooting  snipe  for  the  larder. 

The  sea  was  too  heavy  to  permit  landing  at  the  northernmost  islet 
of  the  shoal,  so  we  drew  away  from  the  dangerous  waters  as  evening 
fell,  and  shaped  our  course  almost  due  north  for  the  jetties  of  the 
Mississippi. 

With  a  strong  wind  and  all  plain  sail  set  we  averaged  8*4  knots 
through  the  night,  increasing  to  10  knots  during  the  following  morn- 
ing and  14  in  the  afternoon,  when  at  five  o'clock  a  sudden  and  fright- 
ful shock  thrilled  the  ship.  Had  we  found  rocks  in  water  known  to 
be  1,500  fathoms  deep  !  We  rushed  to  the  rail  and  found  the  sea 
brown  with  blood  ;  we  had  struck  a  sleeping  whale  full  broadside, 
evidently  wounding  him  severely.  He  rose  astern  accompanied  by 
his  mate,  where  both  blew  and  sank.  The  shock  must  have  weak- 
ened our  fore  top-mast,  for  an  hour  later  it  broke  short  off  at  the 
masthead  and  went  by  the  board. 

In  this  crippled  condition,  but  without  further  accident,  we  entered 
the  Mississippi  at  2:30  on  the  afternoon  of  the  10th  of  March,  and 
steaming  up  the  100  miles  of  river  during  the  night,  reached  the  dock 
at  New  Orleans  at  7  a.  m.,  March  nth,  our  eventful  and  profitable 
cruise  ended. 


The  foregoing  outline  is  chiefly  intended  to  fix  the  dates  and 
extent  of  time  devoted  to  each  collecting  station,  and  to  give  some 
slight  idea  of  the  weather  conditions  that  prevail  in  the  Antilles  at 
this  season  of  the  year.  A  detailed  account  of  the  work  and  obser- 
vations made  of  existing  conditions  at  each  locality  will  be  issued  as  a 
second  part  of  this  publication,  which  will  also  include  the  plates  and 
indices. 


March,    igoo.        Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  13 

In  the  determination  and  classification  of  the  species  in  the  fol- 
lowing catalogue,  the  herbaria  at  Columbia  and  Harvard  Universities 
were  consulted  by  the  author,  and  work  in  their  special  groups  was 
cheerfully  undertaken  by  the  following  botanists  :  Prof.  B.  L.  Rob- 
inson, and  Messrs.  J*.  M.  Greenman  and  M.  L.  Fernald,  of  the  Gray 
Herbarium  ;  Profs.  N.  L.  Britton  and  L.  M.  Underwood,  Dr. 
J.  K.  Small  and  Miss  Anna  Murray  Vail,  of  the  New  York  Botanical 
Garden;  Prof.  F.  Lamson-Scribner,  and  Mr.  Charles  L.  Pollard,  of 
the  United  States  National  Herbarium  ;  and  Mr.  Geo.  E.  Davenport, 
Mr.  Edwin  B.  Uline,  and  Mr.  J.  B.  Ellis,  each  of  whom  are  credited 
under  the  orders  in  which  their  aid  was  given.  My  thanks  are  due 
to  these  botanists  for  their  generous  co-operation,  and  also  to  Prof. 
Dr.  I.  Urban,  of  Berlin,  for  type  portions  of  his  Antillean  species  of 
Euphorbia,  and  Prof.  Dr.  Anton  Heimerl,  of  Vienna,  for  notes  upon 
the  Nyctaginaceae. 

Chicago,  January  20,  1900. 


Plants  Collected   by  the  Author  in  Bermuda,  Porto   Rico, 

St.    Thomas,    San    Domingo,    Jamaica,    Cuba, 

the  Caymans,  Cozumel   and  Yucatan, 

December,  1898,  to  March,  1899. 


ASPERGILLACEiE. 

Meliola  Caymanensis  E.  &  E.  sp.  nov.     Plate  xlix. 

Epiphyllous.  Mycelium  forming  minute  (i  mm.  or  less)  round 
black  spots,  subreticulately  branched,  threads  6-7  p.  diam.,  capitate 
hyphopodia  globose,  subsessile  8  ,0,  diam.,  mucronate  hyphopodia 
ampulliform,  prolonged  above  into  a  cylindrical  tip  7-8  p.  long,  not 
abundant;  perithecia  200-250  ,u.  diam.  collapsing,  2-6  on  a  single  patch 
of  mycelium  ;  asci  obovate,  subsessile  75-85  x  20-25  !'■■>  2-4-spored, 
sporidia  subfasciculate,  oblong-cylindrical,  4  septate,  not  strongly 
constricted  25-30  x  11-13  fi. 

On  leaves  of  Pharbitis  cathartica  (Poir)  Chois.  from  the  coast  of 
Grand  Cayman  Island,  near  Georgetown  (1403  part). 

1 

MICROTHYRIACE.E. 

Asterella  Erithalidis  E.  &  E.  sp.  nov.     Plate  1. 

Hypophyllous.  Mycelium  loose,  spreading  over  the  lower  surface 
of  the  leaf  without  forming  definite  spots  ;  threads  sparingly  reticu- 
late-branched, capitate  hyphopodia  obovate,  15-20x5//.,  mucronate 
hyphopodia  elongated  conical  12-15  x  5~6  !'■',  bristles  arising  from  the 
mycelium  150-250  x  5  // ;  perithecia  globose  membranaceous,  subasto- 
mous,  80-100  ;>.  diam.,  asci  oblong,  20-30x8-10  ;j.  ;  sporidia  subbis- 
eriate  oblong,  uniseptate,  hyaline,  scarcely  constricted  6-8  x  3-3.5  (i. 

On  leaves  of  Erithalis  angustifolia  de  C,  shore  of  Grand  Cay- 
man, north  of  Georgetown  (1251  part). 

Asterella  Crustacea  E.  &  E.  sp.  nov.     Plate  li. 

Epiphyllous.  Mycelium  subcrustose,  forming  black  orbicular 
patches  2-3  mm.  diam.,  reticulately  branched  without  hyphopodia  or 
bristles;  perithecia  lenticular  thin,  flat,  2.5-3.3  mm.  diam.,  ostiola 
papilliform,  sometimes  compressed;  asci  clavate  oblong  nearly  sessile 
70-80  x  15-20  fi.  Sporidia  obpiriform,  uniseptate,  hyaline  at  first  and 
with  a  hyaline  envelope,  strongly  constricted,  upper  cell  elliptical 
and  broader,  lower  cell  obconical  20-26  x  9-1 1  //,  becoming  brown. 

On  leaves  of  Psidium  Guajava  L.  from  the  center  of  the  island 
of  Grand  Cayman  (1378  part). 

15 


16  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

AsteridiummoniliformeE.&  E.J  our.  Trinidad.  Field  Nat.  Club.,  1894. 

On  leaves  of  Tetrapteris  Mexicana  H.  &  A.  from  near  San  Miguel, 
Cozumel  (1484  part). 

DOTHIDIACE.E. 

Phyllachora  graminis  (Pers.)  Fckl.  Symb  :  216. 

Sphceria  graminis  Pers.  On  leaves  of  Panicum  insulare  (L. )  Mey. 
Along  the  bay  shore  at  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (on  368). 

USTILAGINACE.E. 

Sorosporium  Borrichiae  E.  &  E.  sp.  nov.     Plate  Hi. 

Glomerules  globose  30-80  //  diam.  composed  of  numerous  small 
(3  ;/)  globose,  smooth,  dark  brown  spores,  nearly  black  in  the  mass. 

Filling  the  flower-heads  and  destroying  the  flowers  of  Borrichia 
argentea  de  C,  from  the  east  coast  of  the  island  of  Cozumel  (1586  part). 

SPH,EROIDIACE,E. 

Vermicularia  atricha  E.  &  E.  sp.  nov.     Plate  liii. 

Spots  orbicular,  rust-colored,  2-4  mm.  diam.,  with  a  darker  cen- 
ter, perithecia  amphigenous,  innate  minute  (75-100  //),  perforated 
above,  bristles  obsolete;  sporules  lunate,  acute  3-4-nucleate,  15-20X  3  ,u. 

On  Petiveria  alliacea  L.  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (204  part). 

UREDINACE.E. 

TJredo  cupulata  E.  &  E.  sp.  nov.     Plate  liv. 

Spots  reddish-brown,  irregular  in  shape,  3-5  mm.  diam.,  with  a 
thickened  raised  margin,  amphigenous.  Sori  amphigenous,  crowded 
on  the  spots,  more  abundant  below,  mostly  elliptical,  enclosed  in  a 
thin  membrane  soon  dehiscent  above,  giving  the  sori  a  cup-shaped 
pezizoid  appearance  ;  spores  elliptical  ovate  16-22  x  12-20  //  or  globose 
16  x  20  //,  pale  yellow,  with  a  rather  thick  tuberculo-echinulate  epi- 
spore,  scantily  paraphysate. 

Another  form  of  the  same,  differing  only  in  the  more  indistinct 
poorly  defined  spots  without  any  raised  margin. 

LYCOPERDACE.E. 

Geaster  limbatus  Fr.  Syst.  Mycol.  3:15.      Plate  lv,  fig.  4. 

On  ground  under  shrubs  growing  on  hummock  in  a  bog  near 
Paget's  Landing,  Bermuda  (56). 

POLYPORACE^E. 

Trametes  venustus  Berk.  Lond.  Jour.  Bot.  1845:55.      Plate  lv,  fig.  3. 
On  dead  wood  on  ground,  moist  woods  center  of  the  island  of 
Cozumel  (1613). 

Poria  vincta  Berk  ?  Fung.  St.  Dom.  26:5. 

A  thick  form,  probably  of  this  species,  on  under  side  of  dead 
limbs  near  Pist£,  Yucatan. 


March,    1900.        Plant/e  Utowante- -Millspaugh.  17 

Polystictus  albocervinus  Berk.  Lond.  Jour.  Bot.  1856:234.    Plate  lv, 
fig.  1. 
On  standing   dead  trees  (leguminous)  near  the  Caleta,  Cozumel 

(1559)- 

Polystictus  sanguineus  (Linn.)  Mey.  Esseq:  304.      Plate  lv,  fig.  2. 

Boletus  sanguineus  Linn.  On  trunks  of  dead  coco  trees,  at  The 
Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1163);  south  shore  Grand  Cayman  (1357).  On 
living  and  dead  coco  trees,  Cozumel  (1614). 

Polyporus  similis  Berk.  Fung.  Braz:  6. 

On  standing  dead  trees,  near  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  (1615). 

AGARICACE^. 

Lentinus  Nicaraguensis  B.  &  C.  N.Pac. Expl:  85.     Plate  lv,  fig.  5. 

On  dead  wood  under  edge  of  log,  woodlands  near  Spot  Bay, 
Grand  Cayman  (1356).  In  same  situation,  center  of  Cozumel,  and 
near  Piste,  Yucatan. 

SELAGINELLACE.E. 

Selaginella  cuspidata  Link.  Fil.  Hort.  Berol. :  158(1841). 

Plentiful  near  the  cenote  Nohoch  Chen,  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan 
(1620),  called  by  the  Ma^yas  X-mux-coc,  "dried  pectoral,"  although 
no  use  is  made  of  the  plant  in  asthma,  difficult  breathing,  or  kindred 
complaints  by  the  Mayas  of  the  present  day  so  far  as  I  am  able  to 
determine.  It  is  used  as  a  remedy  in  catarrhal  affections  of  the  chest 
when  expectoration  is  profuse.  A  literal  translation  of  the  Maya  name 
\stnux — dried  or  desiccated;  coc — asthma,  difficult  or  wheezy  breathing, 
the  prefix  X  simply  denoting  the  feminine  gender.  Selaginella  longis- 
picata  Underw.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Bot.,  1:287,  is  also  called  X-mux-coc; 
the  two  species  are  used  indiscriminately  in  domestic  medication. 

PTERTDOPHYTA.* 
POLYPODIACEvE. 

Aspidium  scolopendriodes  (Linn.)  Mett.  Aspid.  97. 

Polypodium  L.  Nephrodium  Hook.  Dryopteris  Ktze.  Shady  rock 
clefts  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (912,  1133). 

Good  characteristic  specimens  of  this  species  which  holds  a  most 
unsatisfactory  position.  I  have  not  yet  been  able  to  find  any  trace  of 
an  indusium  in  any  specimens  that  I  have  seen.  If  one  ever  exists  it 
must  be  "  very  fugacious  "  indeed.  Its  affinities  are  nearer  to  Goniop- 
teris,  where  Presl  placed  it. 

Aspidium  molle  (Jacq.)  Swartz  Syn,  49. 

Polypodium  Jacq.,  Lastrea  Bory,  Nephrodium  Desv.,  Polypodium 
parasiticum  Linn.  Dryopteris  parasitica  (L.)  Ktze.,  Nephrodium para- 
siticum  (L.)  Shimek.  I  have  not  been  able  to  satisfy  myself  that  A. 
parasiticum  (L.)  Swtz.  [Polypodium  parasiticum  Linn. )  is  identical  with 

*By  Mr.  George  E.  Davenport. 


i8  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

this  species.  Swartz  kept  them  apart,  and  the  figure  in  Rhede's  Hort. 
Malab.  t.  17,  on  which  Linnaeus  based  his  species,  might  very  well 
stand  for  a  much  larger  and  different  fern  than  our  A.  molle. 

Moist  banks  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (243)  and  on  the  mountain 
above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (540),  No.  540  is  a  fine  specimen 
with  caudiciform  rootstock. 

Aspidium  patens  Swtz.  Syn.  Fil.  49. 

Nephrodium  Desv. ,  Dryopteris  Ktze.  Clefts  of  a  ruined  cellar 
wall  on  an  islet  in  the  bay  of  Hamilton  (23)  and  in  the  water  of  a  bog 
at  Paget's  (55)  Bermuda.  Exposed  rocks  of  a  railway  cut  at  Bayamon, 
Porto  Rico  (344,  350),  both  juvenile.  Mountain  road  in  deep  woods 
above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (542).  Roadside  (887)  and  moist 
rocks  (901,  904,  906,  932,  954,  1 131)  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica. 
Crevice  of  the  masonry  in  the  throat  of  an  old  well  at  Georgetown, 
Grand  Cayman  (1399)  one  individual  only.  Deep  woodland,  center 
of  the  island  of  Cozumel  (1561),  rare. 

This  set  forms  a  most  interesting  and  valuable  series  of  forms  in 
all  stages  of  development,  some  of  which  would  be  difficult  to  sep- 
arate from  A.  molle  but  for  the  creeping  rootstock. 

Aspidium  cicutarium  (L. )  Swtz.  Syn.  Fil.  51. 

Polypodium  Linn.  Sagenia  Presl,  "veins  arcuate  by  anastomos- 
ing."     Nephrodium  Baker,  Dryopteris  Ktze.    • 

Rich  soil  in  a  deeply  shaded  glen  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica 
(1132).  A  single  imperfect  but  quite  characteristic  frond  of  this  fine 
species. 

Nephrolepis  acuta  (Schkr. )  Presl.  Pterid.  1836. 

-  Aspidium  Schkr.  Sterile  plants  of  a  strongly  pubescent  form, 
found  in  rich  soil  under  an  overhanging  bank  (909),  and  full  fruited 
tall  form  in  a  shady  ravine  (1000)  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica. 

Nephrolepis  exaltata  (L.)  Schott  Gen.  Fil.  1834. 

Polypodium  Linn.  Walls  of  a  ruined  cellar  on  an  islet  in  the  bay 
of  Hamilton  (22),  and  on  an  island  in  a  bog  at  Paget's  (59),  Bermuda. 
Wooded  hillside  in  a  glen  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (916,  1141). 
On  a  hummock  in  an  upland  swamp,  center  of  the  island  of  Grand 
Cayman  (1376). 

Although  the  above  specimens  vary  greatly  in  size,  they  fail  to 
present  characters  that  might  enable  me  to  separate  them. 

Davallia  aculeata  (L.)  Smith.  Mem.  Acad.  Turin  5:  415. 

Adiantum  Linn.  Rich  soil  under  the  trees  of  a  Guava  orchard 
near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (1142). 

Asplenium  dentatum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1540. 

On  stone  fences  under  the  shade  of  trees  (893)  near  Port  Antonio 
Jamaica. 

These  specimens  have  the  pinnaj  much  closer  than  in  our  slen- 
der Florida  form,  and  are  quite  unlike  the  species  as  mostly  known  to 
American  botanists;  they  however  fit  well  the  fine  series  of  forms  in 


March,    1900.         Plant.*:  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  19 

the  Gray  Herbarium,  Cambridge.  No.  1441  from  pockets  in  the  coral 
sea-wall  of  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines,  Cuba,  is  in  every  way  a 
much  larger  and  coarser  plant  than  the  Floridian  form. 

Asplenium  pumilum  Swtz.  Fl.  Ind.  Occ.  3:  1610. 

Under  the  edge  of  loose  stones  in  open  woods  near  the  north- 
west point  of  Cozumel  (1485). 

The  specimens  show  considerable  variation  in  the  serration  of 
the  margins. 

Asplenium  Trichomanes  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1540. 

Small  plants  from  the  crevices  of  a  low  rock  ledge  near  a  bog  at 
Paget's,  Bermuda  (49). 

Blechnum  occtdentale  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1534. 

Damp  roadside  bank  nearCaguas,  Porto  Rico  (244).  Deep  moist 
high  mountain  woods  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (521,  544, 
548,  550).  Rich  woods  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (1 145).  A  fine 
series  of  specimens  showing  the  species  to  good  advantage. 

Woodwardia  radicans  Smith,  Mem.  Acad.  Turin  5:  412. 

Rich  soil  under  overhanging  banks  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica, 
(966).      Fronds  sterile,  114  cm.  long. 

Gymnogramma*  calomelanos  (L.)  Kaulf.  Enum.  Fil.  76. 

Acrosticluim  Linn.  Rich  moist  banks  (shaded  by  rank  low 
growth)  near  Caguas  (229),  open  rock}'  bank,  a  railway  cut  near  Bay- 
amon  (311),  Porto  Rico. 

The  first  is  a  large  weak  growth,  the  second  coriacious  and  very 
near  var.  tartarea  (L.)  Bom.  &  Ch.  Fil.  236,  and  apparently  uniting  it 
with  the  species.  I  quite  agree  with  Shimek  (Ferns  Nic.  191)  that 
with  a  full  series  of  forms  no  specific  differences  exist  between 
G.  calomelanos  and  G.  tartarea  Desv. ,  and  the  above  localities  for  Dr. 
Millspaugh' s  specimens  seem  to  bear  out  Prof.  Shimek's  remark: 
"The  difference  in  texture  seems  to  be  due  to  surroundings.  Both 
forms  are  more  coriaceous  when  growing  in  barren,  exposed  places. 

Chkilanthes  microphylla  (Swtz.)  Syn.  Fil.  127. 

Adiantum  Swtz.  Prod.  On  stone  fences  under  shade  of  trees  near 
Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (894).  On  dry  ground  in  open  scrublands  near 
The  Ovens,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1106),  the  latter  suffering  from  the 
dry  conditions. 

Adiantum  bellum  Walsingense  Gilbert.  Bull.  Torr.  Club.  25:  596. 

In  the  wall  crevices  of  an  old  cellar  on  an  islet  in  Hamilton  Bay 
(18)  and  on  the  margin  of  a  bog  near  Paget's  (42,  55  in  part),  Ber- 
muda. 

If  I  am  correct  in  this  determination  (and  the  specimens  agree 
with  those  I  have  from  Mr.  Gilbert),  the  published  descriptions  need 
considerable  revision:  In  the  only  two  fronds  I  have  of  normal  A. 
bellum,  and  for  which  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Gilbert,  the  pinnules  are 

*Original  orthography.     Gymnogramme  of  Kunze  Flora. 


20  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

firmly  adherent,  and  are  mostly  attached  to  the  pedicel  by  a  "short 
y-shaped  furcation,"  as  described  by  Moore,  while  in  Mr.  Gilbert's 
specimens  of  the  variety,  as  well  as  in  these  of  Dr.  Millspaugh,  there 
is  at  least  a  partial  articulation  as  seen  in  the  falling  away  of  some 
deciduous  pinnules,  and  the  leaving  behind  of  either  a  blunt  apex, 
or  a  very  short  one-sided  attempt  at  furcation. 

Adiantum  cristatum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1558. 

Moist  hillsides  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (356). 

Adiantum  deltoideum  Swtz.  Prod.  134. 

In  the  crevices  of  the  dry  walls  of  Diego  Columbus'  Castle,  San 
Domingo  (769).  In  a  like  situation  on  the  walls  of  Morro  Castle 
(1096,  1 107,  1 108),  Santiago  de  Cuba;  the  latter  station  producing 
especially  large  and  fine  plants. 

-/ 
Adiantum  obliquum  intermedium  (Swtz.)  Shimek,  Ferns  Nic.  145. 

A.  inter?nedium  Swtz.  Prof.  Shimek  (1.  c.  pp.  142-145,  pi.  6-7) 
has,  it  seems  to  me,  by  an  admirable  series  of  figures,  shown  quite 
clearly  the  difficulty  of  keeping  A.  intermedium,  A.  Kaulfussii  Kunze 
and  A.  obliquum  H.  &  G.  longer  apart,  and  my  own  series  of  speci- 
mens, and  the  following  plants,  certainly  appear  to  confirm  his  judg- 
ment. 

Deep  rich  woods  on  the  mountain  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (549),  and  in  rich  shady  woodlands  near  Port  Antonio,  Ja- 
maica (1 146). 

Adiantum  pulverulentum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1559. 

~j  Rocky  well-shaded  ravine  (907),  moist  deep  glen  (1 134,  1147)  and 
under  a  moist  overhanging  bank  (1788)  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica. 
This   whole  series  shows  much  variation,  while   1788  has  some 
sterile  fronds  greatly  resembling  A.  obliquum  intermedium. 

Adiantum  tenerum  Swtz.  Prod.  135. 

On  dry  rocks  east  of  the  river  near  San  Domingo  City  (811),  and 
in  rich  soil  of  a  shaded  glen  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (905). 

The  specimens  plainly  show  that  the  latter  situation  is  the  health- 
ier for  this  species,  for  while  the  plant  is  fresh  and  clean,  retaining 
its  leaflet,  the  former  is  dry  and  has  hardly  a  leaflet  remaining  on  its 
depauperate  stems. 

Pteris  aquilina  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1533. 

On  a  hummock  in  a  bog  near  Paget's,  Bermuda  (57). 

The  segments  of  this  form  are  narrow,  and  the  plant  approaches 
variety  caudata,  but  is  only  slightly  pubescent. 

Pteris  aquilina  caudata  (L.)  Hooker,  Spec.  2:1858. 

P.  caudata  Linn.  In  open  moist  woods  in  the  center  of  the 
island,  Cozumel  (1551,  1565),  where  it  is  called  X-ual-kanil,  "yellow 
fly-brush,"  probably  from  its  use  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  off  flies. 

Pteris  longifolia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1531 . 

Rich,  moist  soil   on  hillsides  near   Bayamon,  Porto   Rico  (310). 


March,    igoo.        Plantve  Utowax.-e — Millspaugh.  21 

Frequent  on  dry  rocks  near  San  Domingo  city  (812,  816).  In  rich  soil 
of  a  rocky  glen  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (897,  935,  1789,  1790). 

The  above  specimens  are  mostly  rigid,  pubescent  forms,  of  which 
816  is  very  large  ;  but  812  is  quite  flaccid,  tender  and  sterile. 

No.  1789  is  a  small  plant  having  two  of  its  sterile  fronds  with 
apical  pinnae  suppressed,  the  upper  lateral  pinnae  on  one  of  them 
much  elongated,  and  one  small  frond  with  the  upper  pair  of  pinnae 
much  elongated  and  the  terminal  one  dwarfed  into  a  small,  roundish 
cordate  apex. 

No.  1790  is  an  unusually  interesting  plant,  showing  one  frond  with 
a  stipe  a  foot  long  bearing  above  several  pairs  of  deeply  pinnatifid 
pinnae:  The  whole  frond  young  and  tender  and  resembling  in  form, 
texture  and  pubescence  a  young  Aspidium  patens.  This  frond,  if 
detached  from  the  parent  plant,  would  never  be  considered  to  belong 
to  the  species  by  any  one.  It  is  a  remarkable  variation  similar  to  one 
described*  as  having  been  found  in  Polypodium  pellucidum. 

Polypodium  achillejEFOlium  Kaulf.  En.  Fil.  116. 

Rich,  open  field  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (911). 

The  specimens  do  not  fully  answer  to  the  description  in  Synopsis 
Filicum  (H.  &  B.  388),  but  agree  so  well  with  the  illustration  of  this 
species  in  Kunze's  supplement  to  Schkuhr's  Farnnkraiiter,  t.  43,  f.  2, 
that  I  am  inclined  to  place  them  here. 

Polypodium  aureum  Linn.  Syst.  Nat.  2:692. 

Deep  mountain  woods  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (557). 
Texture  thin,  areoles  with  flattened,  free  veinlets. 

Polypodium  lycopodioides  Linn.  Syst.  Nat.  2:691. 

Climbing  Sabal  trees  near  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  (1534). 

Polypodium  pectinatum  Linn.  Syst.  Nat,  2:691. 

Rare,  in  crotches  of-  low  trees  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (896). 

Polypodium  Phyllitidis  Linn.  loc.  cit. 

In  the  crotch  of  a  low  tree  on  the  high  mountain  back  of  Char- 
lotte Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (546).  On  an  old  stump  near  San  Domingo 
City  (813).      On  trees  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (999). 

The  only  really  distinctive  character  that  I  have  been  able  to 
find  between  this  species  and  P.  repens  is  in  the  rootstalk,  and  where 
this  is  wanting  it  is  not  always  certain  in  placing  the  specimens,  as 
the  venation  varies  in  different,  and  sometimes  in  the  same  plants. 
Fournier,  Mex.  PI.  Crypt.  85  makes  P.  repens  Mett.  a  variety  of  this 
species,  and  Shimek  considered  it  a  synonym. 

I  have  placed  the  above  specimens  here  on  account  of  their  very 
stout,  almost  globular  rootstalk  ;  the  venation  in  some  instances  cor- 
responds to  that  of  repens,  and  in  others  to  typical  Phyllitidis.  The 
rootstalk  in  repens  should  be  long  and  slender. 

Polypodium  piloselloihes  Linn,  loc  cit. 

Climbing  the  trunks  and  running  the  branches  of  trees,  near  Port 
Antonio,  Jamaica  (1143). 

*The  author's  paper  read  before  the  Joslyn  Bot.  Club,  Waterville,  Maine,  in  August,  1898. 


22  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

POLYPODIUM  REPTANS   SwtZ.    Fl.   Ind.  OcC.    1655. 

Completely  lining  the  throat  of  an  old  well  near  Georgetown, 
Grand  Cayman  (1398).      Plants  mostly  juvenile. 

POLYPODIUM  TETRAGONUM   SwtZ.   loc.   cit.    1760. 

Moist,  rich  banks,  foothills  at  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (347,  351, 
353).  Moist,  rich  woods  on  the  mountain  heights  above  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (547,  553)-  Rich  woods  near  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (1148),  sterile,  with  large  pinnae. 

Mr.  Baker,  in  his  recent  Synopsis  of  Brazilian  Ferns,  has 
adopted  Poiret's  older  name  Androgynum  for  this  species,  but,  as  I 
have  not  been  able  to  investigate  this  to  my  own  satisfaction,  I  have 
retained  here  the  Swartzian  name  which  has  been  in  use  for  nearly 
a  century.  Mettenius  referred  this,  as  well  as  P.  reptans,  to  Phe- 
gopteris,  in  which  he  has  been  followed  by  Prof.  D.  C.  Eaton  and 
others,  but  I  can  only  look  upon  both  these  as  true  Polypodia^  of  the 
Goniopteris  section. 

Polypodium  thysanolepis  A.  Br.  ex  Klat.  in  Linn.  20:392. 

Quite  large  specimens,  on  trees  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica 
(890,  1787). 

Polypodium  vacciniifolium  Fisch.  &  Lang.  Fil.  8,  t.  7. 

Climbing  small  saplings  on  a  hillside  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico 

(307)- 

Imperfect  specimens  only,  and  somewhat  doubtfully  belonging 
here,  but  not  safe  to  place  elsewhere.  My  specimens  resemble  a 
smooth  form  of  piloselloides. 

Acrostichum  aureum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1525. 

In  a  bog  near  Paget's,  Bermuda  (52).  In  a  brackish  marsh  east 
of  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (953).  Springy  bog  in  the  center  of  the 
island  Grand  Cayman  (1377).  Also  seen  in  the  open  mangrove  swamp 
between  Cataiio  and  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico,  but  could  not  be  reached. 

No.  52  presents  the  upper  portion  of  fertile  frond  with  14  pairs 
of  erecto-patent  obtuse  pinnae  and  bifid  apex  ;  no.  1377  consists  of  3 
large  sterile  pinnae  on  rachis  a  good  inch  in  circumference,  and  a 
portion  of  a  fertile  frond  with  6  pairs  of  pinnae,  mostly  with  acute  or 
cuspidate  apices,  but  some  obtuse,  a  good  example  of  the  non  essen- 
tial character  of  the  apical  termination.  No.  953  gives  portions  of 
fertile  and  sterile  fronds,  bright  green  in  color ;  pinnae  on  the  sterile 
frond  long  and  narrow,  suberect,  obtuse,  with  cuneate  stalked  bases; 
those  of  the  fertile  frond  sterile  below  and  twice  the  length  of  the 
upper  fertile  ones. 

SCHIZiEACEiE. 

Anemia  adiantifolia  (L.)  Swtz.  Syn.  157. 

Dty  banks  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (315,  358),  and  same  situ- 
ation near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (910,  917).  Near  limestone  boul- 
ders in  open  woods,  center  of  the  island,  Cozumel  (1563). 

The  series  shows  quite  a  range  in  the  size  of  the  fronds,  of  which 
those  of  No.  917  are  very  large  and  fine. 


March,    1900.        Plantve  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  23 

Anemia  Wrightii  Baker  Syn.  Fil.  435. 

On  limestone  boulders  (coraline)  in  open  woods,  center  of  the 
island,  Cozumel  (1564). 

The  specimens  are  excellent  examples  of  this  very  slender  fertile- 
fronded  dimorphous  Anemia,  the  sterile  fronds  of  which  might  be 
mistaken  for  a  delicate  form  of  A.  adiantifolia. 

CYCADACE.E. 

Zamia  Allison-Armourii  sp.  nov. 

Rootstalk  semifusiform,  amylacious,  20  cm.  long,  3-5  cm.  in 
diameter;  leaves,  5,  palmose,  75  cm.  long;  petioles  glabrous  through- 
out, trisulcate  from  the  base;  leaflets  all  alternate,  16  jugal,  broadly 
linear-lanceolate,  narrowed  at  the  base,  round-pointed  and  slightly 
sharp-serrate  at  the  apex,  not  falcate,  prominently  and  distinctly  26- 
veined,  the  median  18-20  cm.  long,  i. 3-1.5  cm.  broad,  the  basal  and 
apical  leaflets  16  cm.  long,  1.3  cm.  broad,  somewhat  more  promi- 
nently serrate,  the  margins  not  revolute.  Male  strobiles  in  anthesis  9 
cm.  long,  1.5  cm.  diameter,  cylindrical  acute  at  the  base  and  apex; 
peduncle  5  cm.  densely  rusty  tomentose;  peltae  transversely  ovate, 
rusty  tomentose,  5x4  mm.  arranged  in  9  longitudinal  rows.  Type 
in  Field  Col.  Mus.  Herb.  No.  60817. 

Near  Z.  augustifolia  and  Z.  Portoricensis  Urb.  Syll.  Antill.  291, 
but  differing  entirely  in  general  and  special  habit.  The  nearest  speci- 
men of  Z.  augustifolia  is  Wright's  Cuban  1463,  the  leaflets  of  which 
are  sub-falcate  13  x  1.8  cm.,  more  or  less  30-veined,  the  veins  indis- 
tinct, leaf  sharply  serrate  from  near  the  middle. 

Shady,  moist  banks  of  streams  inland  from  San  Domingo  City 
(817).  The  rootstocks  are  gathered,  boiled  and  eaten  by  the  natives, 
who,  however,  have  as  yet  made  no  attempt  to  cultivate  the  species. 

PINACE.E. 

Juniperus  Bermudiana  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1039. 

Throughout  the  Bermuda  Islands.  Hamilton,  Paget's  (4)  and 
the  bay  islets  (13)  in  full  fruit.  Notwithstanding  the  excellently  dif- 
ferentiative  treatment  of  this  species  by  Dr.  Maxwell  T.  Masters  in 
Jour.  Bot.  1899:1,  I  cannot  specifically  separate  it  from  J.  Virginiana 
Linn.,  though,  in  the  absence  of  fuller  specimens,  I  deem  it  best  to 
retain  the  more  local  name.  The  differences  shown  by  my  fruiting 
specimens  from  many  American  coast  specimens  of  Virginiana  might 
well  be  due  to  environmental  causes. 

TYPHACE.E. 

Tvpha  Domingensis  (Pers.)  Kunth,  Enum.  3. 

T.  angustifolia  Domingensis  Pers.  Margin  of  lagoon  south  of 
Progreso,  Yucatan  (1676),  female  spadix  14.5  x  1  cm.,  interspace  5.3 
cm.;  male  spadix  24.5  cm.,  leaves  1  m.  x  .6  cm. 

ALISMACEiE. 

Sagittaria  lancifolia  Linn.  Syst.  ed  x:  1270. 

Ditches  at  the  base  of  the  foothills  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico 


24  Field  Columbian  Museum- — Botany,  Vol.   2. 

(306).      Leaves  35  x  11.5  cm.,  flowering  scapes  1  meter,   fruit  heads 
flattened  globose,  1.5  cm.  diam. 

Echinodorus  cordifolius  (Linn.)  Griseb.  Goett.  Abb.  7:  257. 

Alisma  cordifolia  Linn.  E.  rostratus  Engelm.  In  drying  mud, 
margin  of  the  lagoon  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1692).  A  special 
growth  of  the  unusual  rainy  season. 

GRAMINACE^.* 

Coix  lachryma-Jobi  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  972. 

Roadside  ditch  near  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (233),  and  in  same  situa- 
tion near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (976). 

Sorghum  vulgare  Pers.  Syn.  PI.  1:  101. 

A  variety  of  the  species,  but  with  insufficient  material  to  charac- 
terize, gathered  in  open  plateau  near  the  sea  on  the  south  shore  of 
Cayman  Brae  (1224). 

Anthephora  elegans  Schreb.  Gras.  2:  105,  t.  44. 

Sandy  field  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1269). 

Paspalum  ciliatifolium  Mx.  Fl.  Bor.  Am.  1:  44. 

On  a  dry  hummock  in  a  bog  near  Paget's,  Bermuda  (65).  Spike- 
lets  2  mm.  long,  ovate-elliptical  obtuse,  with  3-nerved  outer  glumes. 

Paspalum  fimbriatum  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  1:93. 
Roadside  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (944). 

Paspalum  paniculatum  minor  Scribn.  var.  nov. 

Culms  slender,  about  4  dm.  high;  spikes  3-20,  1-2  cm.  long; 
leaves  about  6-10  cm.  long,  5-10  mm.  wide. 

Dry  field  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (983),  and  roadside  in 
Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1406). 

Paspalum  Schaffneri  (Fourn.)  Scribn.  comb.  nov.  Plate  lvi. 

Dimorphostachys  Fourn.  Mex.  PI.  2:  15.  Sandy  pathway  in  open 
woods,  northwest  shore,  island  of  Cozumel  (1480).  Ex.  char,  agrees 
with  no.  803  coll.  by  E.  Hall  in  eastern  Texas,  1872. 

Panicum  barbinode  Trin.  Mem.  Acad.  Pet.  1835:  256. 

Slopes  of  dry  hills  near  Bayamon  (324),  and  along  road  through 
Guanica  (727),  Porto  Rico. 

Panicum  colonum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  84. 

Fields  and  pastures  near  La  Mueda  (214),  railroad  embankment 
near  Bayamon  (335),  and  ditches  along  the  Guanica  highway  (732), 
Porto  Rico.      Fields  along  the  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (569). 

Panicum  compactum  Sw.  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  552. 

Margin  of  a  well  at  Chan  Tzonot,  Yucatan  (1639). 

No.  984  from  ditches  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica,  is  apparently 
this  species  but  is  possibly  referable  to  P.  lanatum  Sw. 

*By  Prof.  F.  Lamson-Scribner. 


»/ 


March,    1900.        Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  25 

Panicum  divaricatum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  Ed.  2:  86. 

Mountain  woods  high  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (519). 
Environs  of  San  Domingo  City  (842).  Low  scrub  land  bordering  the 
Bay  of  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1015).  Fields  on  upper  plateau  north  side 
of  Cayman  Brae  (1 172).  South  shore  of  Cayman  Brae  on  low  land  near 
the  sea  (1226),  and  low  land  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1422). 

Panicum  divaricatum  latifolium  (L.)  Fourn.  Mex.  PI.  2:  33. 

P.  latifolium  Linn.  With  the  previous  species  in  St.  Thomas 
(520). 

Panicum  insulare  (L.)  Mey.  Fl.  Esseq.  60. 

Andropogon  insulare  Linn.  Shores  of  the  bay  at  Charlotte  Amalia, 
St.  Thomas  (368,  385),  and  hills  high  above  the  city  (539).  Plateau 
on  north  side  of  Cayman  Brae  (1153),  where  it  is  known  as  "Bitter 
Grass."  On  the  rocky  plain  south  of  the  lagoon  near  Progreso,  Yuca- 
tan (1681). 

Panicum  maximum  Jacq.  Ic.  Rar.  1:  t.  13. 

Dry  creek  bed  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (454). 

Panicum  proliferum  Lam.  Encyc.  4:  747a. 

Old  fallow  field  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (126). 

Panicum  prostratum  Lam.  Tabl.  Ency.  1:  171. 

An  infrequent  closely  prostrate  species  found  along  a  path  about 
a  mile  north  of  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (454). 

Panicum  Utowanseum  Scribn.  Sp.  nov.  Plate  lvii. 

A  slender,  glabrous  and  stoloniferous  perennial,  2.5-5  dm.  high, 
'with  narrow,  elongated  leaves  and  simple,  contracted  panicles  6-12 
cm.  long,  sheaths  compressed,  those  at  the  base  strongly  so,  ligule  a 
short  ring  of  stiff  hairs,  leaves  erect  or  spreading,  10-20  cm.  long,  1-3 
mm.  wide,  scabrous  above  and  on  the  margins,  very  acute  tapering, 
and  becoming  nearly  involute  towards  the  base,  much  narrower  than 
the  sheath;  branchlets  of  the  panicle  more  or  less  remote,  1-3  cm. 
long,  appressed,  spikelets  glabrous,  broadly  lanceolate  or  oblong, 
subacute,  2  mm.  long,  subtended  by  an  awnlike  bristle  (a  continua- 
tion of  the  branchlet)  which  is  minutely  scabrous,  somewhat  flexuous 
and  about  4  mm.  long;  first  glume  3-nerved,  obtuse  one-third  to  nearly 
one-half  as  long  as  the  second,  clasping  at  the  base,  the  second  glume 
obtuse,  two-thirds  as  long  as  the  spikelet,  5-nerved,  the  third  glume 
oblong-obtuse,  5-nerved,  equaling  or  slightly  exceeding  the  fourth 
glume  and  furnished  with  a  hyaline  palea  about  one-half  its  own 
length;  fourth  glume  smooth  and  slightly  beaked  or  curved  at  the 
acute  apex. 

No.  702,  from  a  dry  hillside  near  Guanica,  Porto  Rico,  Jan.  22, 
1899.      Type  in  Field  Col.  Mus.  Herb.  No.  60702. 

Related  to  Panicum  Reverchoni  Vasey,  but  much  more  slender  and 
at  once  distinguished  by  its  smaller  spikelets  and  stoloniferous  habit. 

Syntherisma  sanguinalis  (L.)  Dulac.  PI.  Haut.  Pyren. 

Panicum  sanguinale  Linn.      Railroad  embankment  near  Bayamon 


26  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

(333),  and  common  in  irrigated  cane  fields  at  Guanica  (734),  Porto 
Rico.  Fields  near  San  Domingo  City  (863).  Rock-strewn  arid  plain 
south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1700). 

Capriola  Dactvlon  (L.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  PI.  764. 

Panicum  Dactylon  Linn.  Old  fallow  field  near  Hamilton,  Ber- 
muda (125).  On  the  sandbag  earthworks  in  the  fort  of  San  Christobal, 
San  Juan,  Porto  Rico  (359). 

Icmnanthus  pallens  Munro  in  Bth.  PI.  Hongk.  414. 

Panicum  pallens  Sw.  Railroad  embankment  near  Bayamon,  Porto 
Rico  (352). 

Oplismenus  compositus  Beauv.  Agrost.  54. 

Rich  soil  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (924). 

Oplismenus  hirtellus  (L.)  R.  &  S.  Syst.  2:  481. 

Panicum  hirtellum  Linn.      North  shore  of  Cozumel  Island  (1483). 

Chsetochloa  brevispica  Scribn,  nom.  nov. 

Panicum  verticillatum  parviflorum  Doell.  1877  non  Cenchrus  parvi- 
florus  Poir.  1804,  which  is  Chaetochloa  parviflora  Scribn.  Margin  of 
bog  at  Walsingham  (99)  and  old  fallow  field  near  Hamilton  (127), 
Bermuda. 


Ch^tochloa  glauca  (L.)  Scribn.  U.  S.  Dept.  Agr.  Div.  Agrost.  4:  39. 
Panicum  glaucum  Linn.  Setaria  glauca  Beauv.      On   railroad  em- 
bankment near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (348). 

Ch/Etochloa  perennis  (Curt.)  Bick.  Bull.  Torr.  Bot.  Club.  25:107. 

Chamccraphis  glauca  perennis  Curt.  Growing  in  crevices  of  a  coral 
fence  at  Paget's,  Bermuda  (45,  50). 

Cenchrus  echinatus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1050. 

Old  fallow  field  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (134).  Arid  rock- 
strewn  plain  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan "(1698). 

Cenchrus  echinatus  brevisetus  (Fourn.)  Scribn.  comb.  nov. 

Cenchrus  brevisetus  Fourn.  Mex.  PI.  2:  50.  Sandy  shore  field 
near  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (163),  same  situation  near  Charlotte  Amalia, 
St.  Thomas  (438),  where  it  is  called  "BUr-grass,"  and  near  "The 
Ovens,"  Santiago  de  Cuba  (11 10). 

Cenchrus  insularis  Scribn.  sp.  nov.    *  PI.  lviii. 

A  rather  stout,  erect  or  ascending,  branched  annual  4-6  dm.  high, 
short  ciliolate  ligules,  narrow,  lanceolate  leaves,  1-10  cm.  long,  510 
mm.  wide,  and  exserted  spikes  about  6  cm.  long;  glumes  scabrous 
for  a  short  distance  below  the  spike,  otherwise  glabrous;  leaves 
glabrous  beneath,  scabrous  above,  axis  of  the  spike  flexuous  and  finely 
pubescent,  burs,  including  the  bristles,  about  12  mm.  long,  8-10- 
nerved  to  near  the  middle,  the  divisions  silky  villous  towards  the 
base,  about  6  mm.  long,  outer  bristles  6-7  mm.  long,  purplish,  and 
downwardly  barbed,  bristles  near  the  base  of  the  burs  numerous  and 
slender  and  spikelets  2-3  in  each  bur,  about  6  mm.  long,  first  glume, 


March,    igoo.         Plant.*;   Utowan/e — Millspaugh.  27 

if  present,  about  one-half  as  long  as  the  second,  i-nerved;  second 
glume  broadly  ovate,  obtuse,  truncate,  about  two-thirds  as  long  as 
the  spikelet,  5-nerved;  third  glume  obtuse,  nearly  as  long  as  the 
flowering  fruiting  glume  and  with  a  palea  nearly  as  long  as  itself, 
5-nerved,  palea  distinctly  2-nerved  and  scabrous  on  the  keels;  flower- 
ing glume  acute,  pedicels  of  the  burs  short  and  densely  pubescent. 

This  species  is  allied  to  Cenchrus  echinatus,  but  the  burs  are 
larger  and  the  bristles  more  numerous  and  much  longer. 

Pajaros  Island.  Alacran  Shoals  (1759)-  Type  in  Field  Col.  Mus. 
Herb.  no.  61759.  One  plant  only  found,  though  being  in  full  fruit 
others  may  appear  from  seed.  This  plant  grew  in  the  very  center  of 
the  island  where  the  booby  nests  are  the  thickest,  and  was  the  only 
representative  of  the  species  on  the  shoals. 

The  species  was  also  found  on  the  sandy  east  shore  of  Cozu- 
mel  Island,  about  four  miles  from  the  northeast  point;   rare  (1607). 

Cenchrus  tribuloides  Linn,  Sp.  PI.  1050. 

On  sand  dunes  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (289).  Under  Coco 
trees  on  north  shore  of  Cayman  Brae  (1162),  where  it  is  called,  as  in 
the  United  States,  "Sand-bur."  Shores  of  Grand  Cayman,  north  of 
Georgetown  (1249),  and  southwest  point  of  Perez  Island,  Alacran 
Shoal  (1756). 

Cenchrus  viridis,  Spr.  Syst.  1:  301. 

Fields  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (619).  Sand)7  fields  near 
Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1268).  East  shore  of  Cozumel  Island 
(1599),  and  arid  plains  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1682).  A  specimen 
gathered  along  the  roadway  near  Guanica  village  (808)  is  doubtfully 
placed  here. 

Stenotaphrum  dimidiatum  Brong.  Dep.  Voy.  Coc.  Bot.  127. 

S.  Americanum  Schrk.  On  a  small  juniper-covered  islet  in  Ham- 
ilton Bay,  Bermuda  (15).  Waste  grounds  near  the  sea  at  Cape  Cori- 
entes,  Cuba  (1459). 

Sporobolus  Domingensis  (Trin.)  Kunth.  Enura.  1:  214. 

Vilfa  Domingensis  Trin.  Arid  scrub-land  south  of  Progreso, 
Yucatan  (1713). 

.Sporobolus  Indicus  (Linn)  R.  Br.  Prodr.  r:  170. 

Agrostis  Indica  Linn.  Roadside  banks  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda 
(88),  and  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (936). 

Sporobolus  Virginicus  (L.)  Kth.  Rev.  Gr.  1:  67. 

Agrostis  Virginica  Linn.  Covering  the  south  end  of  Perez 
Island  (1750),  Pajaros  Island,  and  a  small  patch  on  the  west  end  of 
Allison  and  Chica  Islands,  Alacran  Shoal. 

Chloris  barbata  (L)  Nash.  Bull.  Torr.  Bot.  Club.  25:  443. 

Andropogon  barbatus   Linn,  non  C.  barbata.      Southwest  shore  of 
the  bay  at  Charlotte  Amalia,   St.  Thomas  (410,  441);  south  shore  of     v 
Culebras  Island  (573,  592);  rare  in  cane  fields  near  Guanica,  Porto 
Rico  (735);  and  on  the  dry  hillside    of   Morro   Castle,    Santiago   de 
Cuba  (1064). 


28  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Chloris  petr^ea  Sw.  Prod.  25. 

Eustachys  petroza  Desv.  Dry  upper  plateau  above  "The  Creek," 
Cayman  Brae  (1 181);  dry  shores  north  of  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman 
(1255),  and  arid,  rocky  plain  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1724). 

Chloris  polydactyla  (L.)  Sw.  loc.  cit.  26. 

Andropogon  polydactylon  Linn.  Sandy  opens  south  shore  of 
Grand  Cayman,  near  Spot  Bay  (1271). 

Chloris  radiata  Sw.  loc.  cit. 

Banks  of  the  military  road  near  La  Mueda,  Porto  Rico  (215), 
and  roadside  banks  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (891). 

Eleusine  Indica  (L.)  Gaertn.  Fruct.  1:8. 

Cynosurus  Indicus  Linn.  Roadside  banks  at  Walsingham,  Ber- 
muda (84);  on  irrigated  lands  only  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (737);  dry 
scrublands  at  "The  Ovens,"  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1111),  and  sandy 
fields  on  the  south  shore  of  Grand  Cayman  near  Spot  Bay  (1270). 

Dactyloctenium  ^Egyptiacum  (L.)  Willd.  Enum.  1029. 

Cynosurus  sEgyptius  Linn.  Roadsides  near  Catano  (256),  and 
common  in  same  situations  at  Guanica  (736),  Porto  Rico,  where  it  is 
very  prolific.     Sandy  roadsides  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1267). 

Eragrostis  Bahiensis  R.  &  S.  Mant.  318. 

Sandy  shores  of  the -sea  north  of  Georgetown,.  Grand  Cayman 

(1240). 

Eragrostis  ciliaris  (L.)  Link.  Hort.  Berol.  1:192. 

Poa  ciliaris  Linn.  Railroad  embankment  near  Bayamon,  Porto 
Rico  (321);  dry  sides  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1062),  and  dry 
fields  of  the  plateau  above  "  The  Creek,"  Cayman  Brac(ngo). 

Eragrostis  plumosa  Link.  loc.  cit. 

Damp  soil  near  the  Caleta,  Island  of  Cozumel  (1528). 

CYPERACE.E.* 

Cyperus  acicularis  Schrad. 

Boggy  spot  in  open  field  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (219).  Agrees 
with  Jenman  6051,  coast  lands  of  Br.  Guiana,  det.  Clarke. 

Cyperus  Brunneus  Sw.  Fl.  Ind.  Occ.  1:116. 

Ratones  Island,  Port  of  Ponce  (654);  low  land  at  "The  Creek," 
Cayman  Brae  (1 182),  and  west  shores  of  the  Isle  of  Pines,  Cuba  (1427). 

Cyperus  densiflorus  Mey.  Prim.  Fl.  Esseq.  34. 

Borders  of  the  lagoon  south  of  Progreso  (1671),  and  in  deep 
woods  at  Chichen  Itza  (1637,  1773),  Yucatau. 

Cyperus  filiformis  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  40. 
Ditches  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1296). 

♦Determined  by  Prof.  N.  L.  Britton. 


March,    1900.        Plants  Utowan.e — Millspaugh.  29 

Cvperus  L/EViGATUS  Linn.  Mant.  2:179. 

C.  mucronatus  Rottb.  of  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  562.  Moist  banks 
and  ditches  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (731)- 

Cyperus  ligularis  Linn.  Amoen.  Acad.  5:31. 

Boggy  spot  in  open  field  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (156);  low,  sandy 
soil  at  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (975,  978),  and  like  situations,  at  Spot 
Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1301). 

Cyperus  ochraceus  Vahl.  Enum.  2:325. 

In  shallow  standing  water  in  field  at  the  Caleta,  Cozumel   Island 

(i5i9)- 

Cyperus  Ottonis  Boeck.  Linnaea  36:350. 

Dry  field  near  Playa,  Porto  Rico  (683).  Dry,  sandy  soil  south  of 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (428).  Seashores  near  lagoon,  George- 
town, Grand  Cayman  (1248);  in  like  situation  near  Progreso,  Yucatan 
(1697),  and  on  the  southwest  end  of  Perez  Island,  Alacran  Shoals 
(1746);  not  on  the  other  islets  of  the  shoals. 

Cyperus  rotundus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  45. 

Roadside  ditch  at  Catano  (332)  juvenile;  and  along  railroad  at 
Bayamon  (319),  Porto  Rico. 

Cyperus  Surinamensis  Rottb.  Desc.  Nov.  PI.  35. 
Moist  roadside  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (299). 

Cyperus  viscosus  Ait.  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  20. 

Borders  of  brackish  lagoons  at  k'The  Creek,"  Cayman  Brae 
(1171),  north  shore  of  Cozumel  Island  (1596),  and  at  Progreso,  Yucatan 
(1686). 

Cyperus  sp. 

Prox  C.  viscosus  Ait.  Ditches  along  the  Bodden  Bay  road  be- 
yond Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1334).  Mr.  A.  S.  Hitchcock  reports 
C.  viscosus  Ait  from  Grand  Cayman  in  his  Fl.  Baham.  p.  140;  ours  is, 
however,  plainly  not  that  species. 

Heleocharis  capitata  (L.JR.  Br.  Prod.  225. 

Scirpus  capitatus  Linn.  Boggy  spot  in  field  at  Catano,  Porto 
Rico  (175);  boggy  soil  at  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  (1526),  and  borders  of 
brackish  lagoon  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1687). 

Fimbristylis  spadicea  (Linn.)  Vahl.  Enum.  2:294. 

Scirpus  spadiceus  Linn.  Moist  meadow  at  Catano  (193)  and  Port 
of  Ponce\  Porto  Rico  (664);  also  at  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(429).      Borders  of  brackish  lagoon  north  shore  of  Cozumel  Island 

(i594)- 

Dichromena  colorata  (Linn.)  Hitch.  PI.  Baham.  141. 

Schcenus  coloratus  Linn.  D.  leucoccphala  Michx.  Rhynchospora 
stellata  Gr.      Bog  back  of  Paget's,  Bermuda  (54,  60). 


3° 


Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 


Dichromena  nervosa  Vahl.  Enum.  2:241. 

D.   ciliata  Vahl.      Moist  banks  and   ditches  at  Bayamon,  Porto 
Rico  (338),  and  at  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (927). 

Dichromena  pubera  Vahl.  loc.  cit. 

Moist  meadow  at  Cataiio,  Porto  Rico  (152). 

Dichromena  radicans  C.  &  S.  Linnaea  6:28. 

Boggy  soil,  center  of  the  island  Grand  Cayman  (1375),  and  a 
similar  situation  on  Cozumel  Island  (1562). 

Scleria  communis  Kth.  Enum.  2:340. 

S.  pratensis  Nees.  Schcenns  latifolius  Vahl.  Moist  place  in  deep 
woods,  high  on  mountain  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (506), 
where  it  is  called  "Cut  grass." 

PALMACE.E. 

Thrinax  argentea  (Jacq.)  Lodd.  in  R.  &  S.  Syst.  8:2. 

Pahna  Jacq.  Fine  groves  of  large,  straight-trunked  trees  at 
Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines,  and  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  ;  also  on 
the  northeast  point  of  Cozumei  (1601).  Low  and  shrubby  on  the.  west 
shores  of  Cozumel,  and  along  the  beach  at  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1718). 

Cocos  nucifera  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1188. 

Largely  cultivated  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica,  and  on  Cayman 
Brae  and  Grand  Cayman,  at  which  points  the  trees  are  very  prolific. 
The  tree  must  have  been  brought  to  the  Yucatan  coast  by  the  Span- 
iards, as  the  Maya  Indians  have  no  name  for  it. 

BROMELIACE.E. 

Tillandsia  recurvata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  2:410.     . 

Plentiful  on  low,  leguminous  shrubs,  especially  upon  the 
branches  of  Pithecolobium  unguis-cati,  along  the  shores  of  Santiago 
Bay,  Cuba  (1016). 

Tillandsia  vestita  Cham.  &  Schl.  in  Linnea  6:52. 

On  trees  in  forests  of  the  center  of  Cozumel  (1557a.),  in  fruit  only, 
very  plentiful.  Whole  plant,  30  cm.;  fruiting  rachis  15  cm.;  leaves, 
15  x  1.2  cm. 

Tillandsia  polystachya  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  2:410. 

On  trees  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1362).  Fruiting  spike  three- 
branched,  16  cm.  long  ;  plant  52  cm.  high  ;  lower  leaves  28  cm.,  upper 
16-24  cm.;  fruits  1.8-2  cm. 

Tillandsia  flexuosa  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  56. 

On  trees  on  margins  of  the  lagoon  southwest  point  of  Cayman 
Brae  (1219).  Plants  about  40  cm.  high  ;  leaves  4  cm.  broad  at  base, 
about  14  cm.  long;  lower  internodes  3  cm.,  their  bracts  2.8  cm.;  up- 
per internodes  4.8  cm.,  their  bracts  2.2  cm.  Stems  simple  flexuous 
above  the  first  flowering  node;  fruits,  including  pedicel,  2.4  cm.,  their 
bracts  1.8  cm. 


March,    igoo.        Planive  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  31 

Tillandsia  utriculata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  286. 

In  same  situations  as  the  previous  species  loc  cit.  (1294).  Plants 
about  60  cm.  high,  heavily  bulbous  at  the  base,  6-10  cm.  diameter. 
Leaves  3  cm.  broad  at  base,  20-30  cm.  long;  spike  compound,  branch- 
ing at  each  upper  internode  for  one-half  its  length;  branches  (16)  lower, 
8  (upper)  cm.  long;  internodes  of  lower  spike  average  3.5  cm., 
their  bracts  2.8  cm.  long;  fruits  profuse  at  the  ends  of  the  branches  ; 
bracts  and  sepals  2  cm.  long,  fruits  2.8  cm.  long. 

COMMELINACE.E. 

COMMELINA  NUDIFLORA   Linn.   Sp.    PI.  4. 

C.  agraria  Kunth.,  C.  Cayennsis  Rich.  Ditches  at  Walsingham, 
Bermuda  (ioo);  environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (439),  and 
rich,  moist  soils  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (11 36). 

Commelina  Virginica  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  2:61. 

C.  elegans  Kunth.  Rich  soil  south  shores  Culebras  Island  (613); 
suburbs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (406),  and  of  San  Domingo 
City  (845,  877).     Boggy  soil  center  of  Grand  Cayman  (1386). 

Commelina  pallida  Willd.  Hort.  Berol.  2:87. 

Moist  soils  near  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  (1530);  ditches  near  Pro- 
greso,  Yucatan  (1679). 

Callisia  umbellulata  Lam.  Illus.  1:130. 

Creeping  in  a  boggy  spot  near  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  (1520). 

Rhceo  discolor  (L'Her.)  Hance  Walp.  An.  3:659. 

Tradescantia  discolor  L'Her.  Waste  heaps  Georgetown,  Grand 
Cayman  (1405);  undoubtedly  introduced,  as  it  is  grown  in  dooryards 
near  by.  Probably  brought  from  Jamaica,  where  it  is  also  an  intro- 
duced plant. 

AMARYLLIDACEiE. 

Hymenocallis  Carib^a  (Linn.)  Herbert  App.  44. 

Pancratium  Caribceum  Linn.  Plentiful  on  the  dunes  of  the  coast 
at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (295). 

Agave  Americana  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  323. 

Shores  of  the  Bay  of  Santiago  (1013),  the  most  striking  vegeta- 
tion of  the  dry  season,  the  flaming  orange-yellow  spikes  rising  5-7 
meters,  overtopping  most  of  the  shrubby  covering  of  the  shores. 

CANNACE.E. 

Canna  edulis  Ker-Gawl.  Bot.  Reg.  9,  t.  775. 

Open,  moist  fields  at  Santurce  (261),  cane  fields  at  Guanica*, 
Porto  Rico,  and  open  woods  at  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1636). 

ORCHIDACE.E. 

Habenaria  monorrhiza  (Sw.)  Rich.  fil.  vide  infra. 

Orchis  Sw.  Grassy  fields  at  Catano  (257),  and  at  Bayamon  (309), 
Porto  Rico. 


32  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Spiranthes  orchioides  (Sw.)Rich.  f.  Fl.  Cub.  Fan.  2:252. 

Neottia  Sw. ,  6".  aphyllus  Lindl.  Deep  woods  near  Piste,  Yuca- 
tan (1616). 

Laelia  Domingensis  (Lindl.  &  Paxt.),  comb.  nov. 

Lceliopsis  Lindl.  &  Paxt.  Flow.  Gard.  3:155,  Cattlya  Lindl.,  Bletia 
G.  Rich.  Sand  dunes  and  grassy  fields  near  the  sea,  Catafio  and 
Santurce  (277),  Porto  Rico.  Tuber  2-leaved,  leaves  18-24  x  4.2  cm., 
scape  nude,  whitish,  112  cm.  high;  flowers,  few  apical  rose  colored. 

Schomburkia  Thomsoniana  Reichb.  f. 

On  trees  in  woods  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  ;  not  in  flower 
nor  fruit. 

Brassavola  cordata  Lindl.  Bot.  Reg.  t.  1913. 

Dendricolous,  in  tufts  and  spiral  lines  on  seaside  trees  at  the 
Caleta,  Island  of  Coz'umel  (1797);  flowers  creamy-white. 

Cyrtopodium  Andersonii  R.  Br.  Ait.  Hort.  Kew,  2:216. 

Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1426);  dendricolous,  flowers 
bright  yellow,  leaves  36  x  4  cm. 

Oncidium  Cebolletta  (Jacq.)  Sw.  Vet.  Akad.  Handl.  Stockh.  21:  240. 
Epidendrum  Jacq.  Growing  on  decayed  wood  in  soil  of  open 
forest  at  Piste\  Yucatan  (161 7).  Leaves  terete,  30  cm.  long,  scape 
about  twice  the  length  of  the  leaves,  flowers  small,  light  yellow, 
spotted  with  brown. 

Dendrophylax  Fawcetti  Rolfe.  Gard.  Chron.  Nov.  1888. 

In  a  Tamarind  tree  on  the  Bodden  Bay  road  about  a  mile  east  of 
Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman.  Like  most  of  the  dendricolous  orchids 
observed  on  the  cruise,  this  species  was  neither  in  flower  nor  fruit. 

PIPERACE.E. 

Piper  umbellatum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  30. 

Rich,  wet  and  shady  places  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (925). 
Stems  marked  with  many  prominent  longitudinal  ridges,  every  fourth 
ridge  more  marked  and  densely  pilose;  internodes  6-8  cm.  long,  peti- 
oles hairy,  19.5  cm.  long,  leaves  ample,  28.5x29  cm.  cordate,  deltoid 
at  the  apex,  11-nerved,  umbels  5-rayed,  peduncle  2  cm.  long,  pedi- 
cels .5  cm.,  aments  8  cm.  long. 

Piper  hirsutum  Sw.  Fl.  Ind.  Occ.  1:60. 

Rich  borders  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (892).  Branches  zig- 
zag, internodes  about  4  cm.  rough  pilose;  leaves  ovate-lanceolate, 
16.5x8  cm.,  with  a  narrow  point  about  3  cm.  of  the  apex,  veins  5-jugal, 
base  very  unequal,  whole  leaf  rough-papyraceous,  petioles  .7  cm., 
aments  straight,  10  cm.  long,  peduncles  about  the  length  of  the  peti- 
oles and  opposite  them. 

Piper  medium  Jacq.  Ic.  PI.  Rar.  1:2. 

Copses  about  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1299).  Branches  some- 
what zig-zag,  internodes  about  3  cm.  glabrous,  petioles  glabrous  .4-. 8 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan.e — Millspaugh.  33 

cm.,  leaves  chartaceous,  glabrous,  ovate-lanceolate  8-10x3.5-4.5  cm., 
point  rounded-blunt,  principal  veins  3,  with  basal  pair  of  shorter 
peduncles  about  8  cm.,  aments  about  4.5  cm. 

Peperomia  crassiuscula  Sp.  now 

Root-stalk  creeping,  stems  erect  rooting  at  such  of  the  lower 
nodes  as  may  be  in  juxtaposition  with  the  soil,  glabrous,  thick  and 
succulent,  columnar,  appearing  8-winged  when  dry,  branching  vicari- 
ously at  the  lower  or  upper  nodes;  leaves  whorled  in  threes,  thick, 
smooth  and  juicy,  nerves  not  evident  either  above  or  below,  short 
petioled,  ovate,  tapering  to  the  petiole  below  and  to  a  rounded  cuneate 
point  above,  3x1.8  cm.,  shrinking  into  many  irregular  keel-like  folds 
when  dry,  margin  sharp-cartilaginous.  Aments  thick,  terminal  densely 
floral  about  10  cm.  long,  peduncle  2.5  cm.,  rhachis  glabrous  with  about 
8  lines  of  deep  pits,  bracteoles  oblong,  peltate,  the  edges  peltate;  fruit 
ovate,  pointed  above,  laterally  compressed,  1.2  x  .1  mm.,  or  with  the 
persistent  apical  stigma  and  peltate  style  1.5  mm.  long,  ventral  side 
channeled  below,  forming  an  emarginate  base. 

Growing  from  the  bark  of  a  fallen  and  decayed  tree  near  the 
cenote  of  Nohoch  Chen,  at  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1628).  When 
fresh  the  whole  plant  is  lurid,  thick  and  succulent. 

MORACEiE. 

DORSTENIA  CONTRAYERVA  HOUSTONIANA  Bureau. 

Open  woodlands  (1623)  and  the  walls  of  the  Cenote  Cafetal 
(1631),  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan.  No.  1623  has  narrow  sagittate  leaves 
•9  x  4.5  cm.,  with  rounded  cordate-auriculate  base,  and  small  flower- 
ing head  1.5  cm.  in  diameter;  No.  1631  has  broad  hastate  sharply 
basal-lobed  leaves  22x20  cm.,  flowering  heads  3  cm.  in  diameter. 

Ficus  longipes  Miq.  An.  Mus.  Bot.  Lugd  3:298.    Plate  xxvi. 

One  of  the  largest  most  umbrageous  trees  of  the  Yucatec  penin- 
sula, plentiful  in  the  deep  woods  about  Chichen  Itza  (1630),  where  it 
is  known  as  the  "Alamo"  by  the  Spaniards  and  as  the  "Copo"  by  the 
Mayas.  This  1630  is  the  species  doubtfully  referred  to  as  rubiginosa 
in  Contrib.  1:14,  and  illustrated  in  plate  I. 

URTICACE^E. 

Urtica  urens  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  984. 

Old  fields  and  ditches  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (112). 

Urera  elata  (Sw.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  154. 

Urtica  Sw.  Urera  sinuata  Wedd.  Hedgerows  in  the  suburbs  of 
San  Domingo  city  (774).      Leaves  19x11  cm.,  widely  sinuate. 

Adicea  grandifolia  (Linn.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  622. 

Urtica  Linn.  Pilea  grandis  Wedd.  Borders  of  rills  in  moist 
fields  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (913). 

Adicea  microphylla  (Linn.)  Kuntze  loc.  cit. 

Pilea  microphylla  Liebm.      P.  mus  cos  a   Lindl.     Densely  covering 


34  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

the  older  Dutch  tile  roofs  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (245).     Rock  crevices 
near  small  aguadas,  San  Miguel  Cozumel  (1473). 

Boehmeria  ramiflora  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.  31. 

River  bank  near  San  Domingo  city  (770).  Leaves  7-13  x  5.5-10 
cm.,  panicles  11-18  cm. 

OLACACE.E. 

Schcepfia  didyma  Wr.  Griseb.  Cat.  PI.  Cub.  119. 

Among  the  shrubs  lining  the  higher  beach  dunes  at  Santurce, 
Porto  Rico  (285).  In  appearance  a  maytenus-like  shrub  with  vac- 
cinium-like  flowers. 

POLYGONACE/E. 

Polygonum  Portoricense  Bert,  ex  Endl.  Flor.  Suppl.  4:  ii,  47. 
Border  of  stream  in  pasture  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (241). 

Antigonon  leptopus  Hook.  &  Arn.  Bot.  Beechy  308. 

Low  field  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (185),  showing  no  indication  of 
having  been  planted.      Probably  an  escape. 

Podopterus  Mexicanus  Humb.  &  Bonpl.  PI.  Aeq.  2:89. 

Sand  dunes  at  Progreso,  Yucatan,  in  fruit  only  (1668). 

Coccoloba  uviiera  (Linn.)  Jacq.  Amer.  Pict.  t.  no. 

Polygonum  uviferum  Linn.  Sea  shores  throughout  the  voyage  ex- 
cept on  the  Alacran  shoals,  Bermuda  south  of  Paget's,  San  Juan  Bay 
at  Catano,  and  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (178),  ripe  dried  fruit  1.2  cm. 
diam.  Culebras  Isl.  (1786),  leaves  large  and  broad  for  a  shrub,  10  x  15 
cm.;  St.  Thomas  at  Whitewater  Bay,  Ratones  Isl.,  Port  of  Ponce' 
and  the  shores  of  Ponce  Bay,  sandy  shores  of  Guanica  Bay,  Porto 
Rico;  Sand  Point,  Mona  Island;  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica;  bay  shores, 
Santiago  de  Cuba;  south  shore  of  Cayman  Brae  (1225);  Spot  Bay, 
Grand  Cayman,  and  a  large  tree  notable  for  its  height  and  girth  at 
Georgetown  (1406).  On  the  east  shore  of  Cozumel  (1590),  and  the 
beach  at  Progreso,  Yucatan. 

CHENOPODIACE^E. 

Chenopodium  ambrosioides  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  219. 

Waste  places  about  Pagets,  Bermuda  (62).  Waste  ground  and 
road  sides  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (512).  The  species 
appears  to  be  introduced  in  both  localities. 

Chenopodium  murale  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  219. 

Roadsides,  where  it  is  always  found  to  be  browsed  upon  by 
cattle,  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (744)- 

Atkiplex  cristata  Humb.  &  Bonpl.  ex.  Willd.  Sp.  PI.  4:959. 

Leaves  irregularly  slightly  and  unevenly  denticulate,  or  often 
entire,  plainly  mucronate,  pale  green  above,  silvery  beneath,  disk  bi- 
or  tri-cristate.      Shore  of   lagoon  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1721). 


March,  igoo.         Plantve  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  35 

A  few  individuals  in  a  group  center  of  south  end  of  Perez  Island 
(1754),  another  small  patch  on  Pajaros  Island,  and  a  quite  large  clus- 
ter on  Chica  Island,  Alacran  Shoals. 

Salicornia  fruticosa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  ii : 5. 

Shore  of  islet  in  Hamilton  Bay,  Bermuda  (17).  Probably  a 
variety  of  this  species,  but  not  in  shape  to  characterize. 

Dondia  linearis  (Ell.)  comb.  nov. 

Salsola  linearis  Ell.  Carol.  1:332.  Sucvda  linearis  Moq.  Chenopo- 
dina  linearis  Moq.  Borders  of  lagoon  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan 
(1708);  decumbent  and  spreading  stems  20-30  cm.,  branchlets  densely 
leafy.      Shores  of  the  bay  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (766). 

AM  ARANTH  ACE.E.  * 

Kokera  paniculata  (Linn.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  542. 

Celosia  paniculata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  2:1762.  noti  Linn.  Sp.  PI. 
ed.  1:1753. 

Achyranthes  altissima  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.  17. 

Chamissoa  altissima  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  197. 

Suburbs  of  San  Domingo  City  (851),  and  of  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (919). 

Celosia  paniculata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  206. 

Climbing  among  shrubs  in  hedgerows  near  Guanica,  Porto  Rico 
(686). 

Whole  plant,  including  sepals  and  urticle,  turns  black  in  drying. 
Flowers  5  mm.  long,  the  sepals  scarcely  exceeding  the  urticle  ;  leaves 
deltoid,  lanceolate.  Easily  distinguished  from  C.  virgata — the  only 
other  species  likely  to  be  found  in  the  same  region — by  the  shape  of 
the  leaves,  and  the  larger  flowers  and  utricle. 

Amaranthus  hybridus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  990. 

A.  hypochondriac  us  Linn.  loc.  cit.  991. 

A.  chlorostachysWilld.  Hist.  Am.  34. 

A.  chlorostachys  hybridus  Wats.  Gray  Man.  ed.  vi:428. 

Frequent  along  the  margin  of  open  woods  at  Walsingham,  Ber- 
muda (104,  no). 

Reade  does  not  mention  this  species  in  his  PI.  Bermuda,  nor 
does  Kemp  in  his  Winter  Fl.  Bermuda;  Lefroy  in  his  Bot.  Bermuda 
cites  it  as  an  American  species  sine  loc. 

This  species  is  distinguished  from  A.  tristis,  its  nearest  relative 
in  the  West  Indies,  by  its  much  longer  sharply  aristate  bracts,  and 
mucronate  but  not  emarginate  leaves.      Very  variable. 

Amaranthus  polvgonoides  Linn.  PI.  Jam.  Pugill  2:27. 

An  erect,  slender,  pale  green,  branching,  weed-like  herb  about 
30  cm.  high,  plentiful  about  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1068). 

Amaranthus  spinosus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  991. 
The  only  thorny  amaranth. 
Frequent   in   waste   places   Catafio,   Porto    Rico   (188);  outskirts 

*Ed\vin  B.  Uline,  auct. 


36  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (416),  spines  plentiful  and  well  de- 
veloped. An  old  garden  spot  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines 
(1425),  spines  few  and  poorly  developed.  Waste  grounds  about  San 
Miguel,  Cozumel  (1468),  spines  plentiful;  and  outskirts  of  Progreso^ 
Yucatan  (1736),  spines  short  and  very  sharp. 

Amaranthus  tristis  Linn.  ex.  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  69. 

Willd.  Hist.  Amar.  t.  5,  f.  10.      A.  tristis  Linn.? 

Waste  grounds  suburbs  of  San  Domingo  city  (860),  leaves  small 
3-4.5  x  1.5-2  cm.  Roadsides  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (1794), 
juvenile.  Fallow  and  cultivated  fields  at  "  The  Creek,"  Cayman  Brae 
(1191),  where  it  is  known  as  "  Callalu;"  leaves  large  6.5-8x4-4-5 
cm.,  petioles  as  long  as  the  lamina;  another  specimen  from  coco 
groves  (1155)  with  more  diffuse  inflorescence  and  smaller  (2.5-4  cm.) 
leaves  on  short  petioles  also  occurs  here.  Old  fields  in  the  center  of 
Grand  Cayman  (1390),  leaves  5-6x3-4  cm.  In  all  the  above  speci- 
mens the  inflorescence  is  slender,  in  the  following,  however,  it  is 
thick  and  dense.  Morro  Hill  (1058)  and  San  Juan  Hill  (1044),  Santiago 
de  Cuba. 

Inasmuch  as  A.  tristis  Linn,  has  been  referred  to  A.  Gangeticus 
an  Asiatic  plant  it  is  very  doubtful  whether  this  species,  occurring  as 
abundantly  as  it  does  in  the  West  Indies,  is  not  an  entirely  different 
plant  from  that  of  Linnaeus.  It  is  easily  recognized  by  its  short  bracts 
a  little  longer  than  the  flower;  otherwise  very  near  A.  hybridus. 

Amaranthus  viridis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1005. 

Old  fields  south  shore  Culebras  Island  (587).  San  Juan  Hill, 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (1045),  depauperate;  and  along  the  Bodden  Bay 
road,  Grand  Cayman  (1347). 

Distinguishable  by  its  three  narrow  short  sepals  and  conspicuously 
rugose  indehiscent  utricle. 

Cyathula  prostrata  (Linn.)  Blume  Bijdr.  1825-6  =549. 

Achyranthes  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  296.  Dry  sandy  places  near  Port 
Antonio,  Jamaica  (918,  969). 

Seems  to  differ  from  the  Brazilian  C.  achyranthoides  chiefly  in 
its  longer,  looser  inflorescence. 

Achyranthes  aspera  obtusifolia  (Lam.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  62. 

A.  obtusifolia  Lam.  Diet.  1:  545.  A.  aspera  Moq.  de  C.  Prodr. 
13:314.  Dry  fields  about  Santiago  de  Cuba  especially  at  El  Caney 
(1050)  and  San  Juan  Hill  (1080).  Waste  grounds  near  San  Do- 
mingo city  (790).  South  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (570,  633).  Hill- 
sides back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (443,  514);  and  fields 
near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1272). 

This  form  appears  to  be  the  most  abundant  one  of  the  species. 
It  is  characterized  by  its  obovate  very  obtuse  leaves,  in  contradis- 
tinction to  the  var.  argentea  Griseb.,  in  which  the  leaves  are  long- 
acuminate;  its  flowers  are  not  so  long  and  sharp  as  those  of  var. 
argentea,  while  its  bracts  are  more  or  less  roseate. tinged. 

Achyranthes  aspera  simplex  Millsp.  var.  nov. 

A  form  closely  related  to  var.  obtusifolia  but  of  smaller,  strictly 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  37 

erect,  unbranched  growth  20-25  cm.  high,  very  downy,  pubescent,  and 
simple  terminal  spikes  only  7.5-12.5  cm.  long. 

Prevalent  in  old  fields  on  the  hillsides  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia, 
St.  Thomas  (484).     Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  cat.  No.  60484. 

ALTERNANTHERA  Forsk. 

In  determining  the  limits  of  this  genus  I  prefer  to  accept  the 
interpretation  of  Grisebach,  Bentham,  Otto  Kuntze  and  others  who 
made  it  to  include  Mogiphanes  Mart,  and  Telanthera  R.  Br.  excl.  Litho- 
phila  Sw.,  that  is,  all  species  of  the  Capitato-spicate  Gomphronece  with 
undivided  stigma,  and  stamens  which  alternate  with  sterile  filaments 
upon  a  more  or  less  cup-shaped  tube. 

Alternanthera  Braziliana  (Linn.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  537. 

Gomphrena  Braziliana  Linn.  Am.  Acad.  4:  310. 

Mogiphanes  Braziliensis  Mart.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  2:  34. 

Fhiloxerus  Braziliana  Sm.  Rees.  Cycl.  27:  4. 

Mogiphanes  straminea  Mart.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  2:  35. 

Celosia  altissima  Salzm.  ex.  Moq.  de  C.  Prod.  13:  381. 

Telanthera  Floridana  Chapm.  Fl.  So.  U.  S.  383. 

Alternanthera  straminea  Millsp.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Bot.  1:  16. 

Climbing  to  a  height  of  6-12  feet  supported  by  dense  shrubbery, 
^>n  all  parts  of  Cozumel  Island  (1710). 

The  wide  range  of  this  species  includes  southern  Florida,  the 
West  Indies,  coastal  Mexico,  Central  and  South  America.  Care  should 
be  observed  to  distinguish  it  from  A.  Costaricensis  Kuntze,  which  is 
described  as  being  more  or  less  fasciculately  pilose,  the  anthers  glo- 
bose instead  of  oblong,  and  having  staminodia  laterally  instead  of 
apically  pectinate. 

Alternanthera  Culebrasensis  Uline,  Field  Col.  Mus.  Bot.  1:  420. 

Prostrata  caulibus  gracilibus,  radicantibus,  praecipue  superne 
pube  densa  appressa  vestitis;  foliis  rotundatis  breviter  pedicellatis, 
supra  (nisi  junioribus)  glaberrimis,  subtus  densius  pilosis,  pilis  caulium 
foliorumque  verticillatim  ramulosis,  capitulis  ovatis,  densifloris  sessi- 
libus,  solitariis  vel  binis;  sepalis  dorso  pilosis,  pilis  setigeris,  exteriori- 
bus  trinerviis,  interioribus  plicato-carinatis,  omnibus  brevissime  ari- 
statis  quam  bracteis  2-plo  longioribus;  staminodiis  filamenta  fertilia 
aequantibus,  usque  5-laciniatis,  filamentis  in  ^  altitudine  coalescen- 
tibus. 

Caules  vix  1  mm.  diametro,  internodiis  3-6  cm.  longis.  Folia 
1.5-2.5  cm.  longa  lataque,  basi  sa?pe  inaequilatera,  membranacea,  in 
sicco  lsete  virida,  in  axillis  cristas  lanosas  gerentia.  Capitula  4-6  mm. 
longa.  Flores  3  mm.  longi,  2  mm.  lati.  Antherarum  thecal  lineari- 
lanceolatae. 

Culebras  Island,  south  shores,  (607).  Type  in  Field  Col.  Mus. 
Herb.  Cat.  no.  60607. 

Nearer  A.  {Telanthera)  Sintenisii  Urban  /.  c.  than  the  preceding, 
but  the  pubescence  on  the  leaf  of  the  latter  is  described  as  "supra 
laxius  subtus  densius  pilosis,"  upon  which  rests  the  chief  difference  in 
the  above  species.  It  may  prove  to  be  only  a  variety — a  question 
which  only  a  comparison  of  the  two  plants  can  decide. 


38  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

[Alternanthera  spinosa  Roem.  &  Schult. 

Specimen  268  of  Combs,  Santa  Clara  district  of  Cienfuegos. 

Although  no  details  of  pubescence  characters  are  given  in  the 
descriptions  of  this  species,  it  is  safe  to  conclude  that  the  verticillate 
branching  of  the  hairs  clothing  the  stem  and  under  surfaces  of  the 
leaves  has  been  overlooked.  The  heads  are  more  strikingly  spinifer- 
ous  than  the  other  West  Indian  species  of  Alternauthera.] 

Alternanthera  paronychioides  St.  Hil.  Voy.  Brds  ii,  2:  43. 

Dry  roadsides  near  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (725,  748). 

Not  readily  differentiated  by  its  dense  prostrate  habit  alone  from 
A.  repens,  but  widely  removed  in  its  flower  characters.  Stamens 
much  longer  than  the  short,  wide,  more  or  less  dentate  staminodia. 

LITHOPHILA  Sw.  Prod.  Viq.  Ind.  Occ.  14(1788). 

Lithophila  muscoides  Sw.  Philoxerus  R.  Br.  Prod.  416  (1810). 

The  genus  Lithophila  seems  so  clearly  defined  in  habit  and  floral 
structure  as  to  deserve  recognition  apart  both  from  Iresine  and  Alter- 
nanthera. Iresine  it  is  true  may  sometimes  have  a  capitate  inflores- 
cence, but  its  flowers  are  never  compressed  as  in  Philoxerus;  in  cases 
of  capitate  inflorescence  in  Iresine  the  heads  are  never  enveloped  or 
subtended  by  leafy  bracts  as  in  Philoxerus  and  Lithophila;  while  the 
staminal  cup  of  Iresine  has  always  either  the  rudiment  of  a  stamino- 
dium  or  a  rounded  or  pointed  elevation  of  the  margin  of  the  cup  where 
the  staminodium  would  otherwise  arise.  In  Philoxerus  as  well  as  in 
Lithophila,  which  differs  from  Philoxerus  essentially  in  having  2  to  3 
stamens,  the  sinuses  of  the  cup  between  filaments  and  filament- 
rudiments  are  so  shaped  as  to  preclude  the  theory  of  staminodia  at 
any  period  of  the  history  of  their  development.  Bentham  &  Hooker's 
Genera  Plantarum  describes  the  cup  of  Lithophila  as  simple  or  den- 
tate between  the  filaments.  Such  dentations  will  probably  be  found 
to  be  rudiments  of  the  deficient  4th  and  5th  stamens  corresponding 
to  the  full  number  5.  For  the  proper  interpretation  of  staminodia,  it 
must  be  remembered  that  the  rudimentary  filaments  arising  on  the 
cupule  in  the  position  of  the  deficient  stamens  in  Lithophila  are 
essentially  different  in  their  significance  from  the  teeth  or  staminodia 
of  Iresine  and  Alternanthera,  which  are  alternate  with  the  filaments 
and  with  the  calyx  segments,  never  opposite  as  in  Lithophila.  Dr. 
Kuntze  in  a  discussion  of  the  relationships  of  the  group  in  his  Revisio 
Plantarum  ascribes  staminodia  also  to  Philoxerus;  in  a  large  number 
of  specimens  of  Lithophila  vermiculata  (L)  Uline  examined,  I  have  not 
found  the  slightest  indications  of  them.  Grisebach,  Flora  West  Indies, 
also  recognizes  this  entire  absence  of  alternating  staminodia  both  in 
Philoxerus  and  Lithophila  as  an  essential  generic  character,  but  he 
goes  a  little  further  and  keeps  the  two  apart  on  the  basis  of  the  dif- 
fering number  of  stamens.  This  variability  in  number  of  stamens 
occurs  elsewhere  in  the  Amaranthacea>,  and  certainly  can  not  be  justifi- 
able as  a  genuine  character.  From  a  phylogenetic  point  of  view  the 
creeping  or  prostrate  species  of  the  group  seem  to  be  plainly 
depauperate  forms  adapting  themselves  to  conditions  offering  meager 
nourishment,  e.  g.,  sea-shore,  sandy  or  rocky  places,  etc.     The  result 


March,  igoo.         Plants  Utowan.i: — Millspaugh.  39 

is  seen  in  (1)  the  great  reduction  in  size  of  the  plant  and  all  its 
parts  accompanied  by  the  dense  prostrate  habit,  (2)  the  disappear- 
ance of  two  or  three  stamens  indicated  by  the  sterile  filaments  which 
are  found  standing  in  the  position  of  the  fertile  stamens  with  reference 
to  the  perianth  segments. 

In  the  light  of  the  above  considerations  the  following  revision  of 
Kuntze's  arrangement  of  the  Gomphrenese  is  suggested,  to  the 
extent  that  it  is  affected  by  the  changes  here  presented: 

A.  Genera  characterized  by  solitary   or   fasciculate   flowers, 
Guillemenia,    Cledothrix. 

B.  Flowers  capitate  or  spicate. 

a.  Perianth  segments+coalescent,  Froelichia. 

b.  Perianth  segments  free. 

a.      Stigma  capitate,  Pfajfia,   Gossypianthus,  Altenianthera. 
(5.      Style  (1  or  2)  bifid. 

Fls.     4-merous,  stamen  1,    Woehleria. 
Fls.      5-merous,  stamens  2-5. 
Lvs.      Alternate,  Dicraurus. 
Lvs.      Opposite. 

Stamineal  tube  10-fid,  i.  e. ,  5  fertile  stamens  with 
staminodia  alternating,  these  sometimes  much  reduced, 
Iresine. 

Stamineal  tube  5-fid,  lacineae  all  antheriferous  or  a 
part  abortive. 

Lacineae  trifid,  fimbriate  or  denticulate  Gomphrena. 
Laciniae  simple,  Liihophila. 

The  genus  falls  into  two  sections  as  follows: 

Sect.  Philoxerus.     Plant  erect  and  robust;  stamens  5. 

Sect.  Eulithophila.  Plant  depauperate,  stamens  2  or  3. 

Lithophila  vermiculata  (Linn.)  Uline  Comb.  nov. 

Gomphrena  vermicularis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  224. 

Sandy  bare  spots  in  fields  at  Santurce  (270)  and  Catano  (327), 
Porto  Rico.  Dry  creek  bed  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (452), 
where  it  is  known  as  the  "Bay-flower.''  Ratones  Island  (650).  Shores 
of  the  bay  of  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1018).  South  shore  of  Cayman  Brae 
(1220),  and  shores  of  the  lagoon  near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1712).  On  a 
small  bare  sandy  spot  on  Perez  Island  of  the  Alacran  Shoals  (1741), 
not  on  the  other  islands  of  the  group. 

Iresine  lanceolata  Moq.  in  de  C.  Prod.  13:  347. 

Among  the  bushes  above  the  beach  at  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba 
(1458  (£),  and  in  the  arid  stony  scrubland  south  of  Progreso,  Yuca- 
.tan  (1659  £). 

The  Yucatan  $  specimen  differs  from  that  of  Cuba  $  only  in 
having  its  leaves  more  crowded  and  red-margined  and  somewhat  nar- 
rower and  smaller;  they  are  without  doubt  very  closely  related,  and 
are  both  probably  only  varieties  of  the  variable  Iresine  paniculata. 

Iresine  paniculata  (Linn.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  542. 
Celosia  paniculata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  206. 
Iresine  celosioidcs  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  2:  1456. 


V 


40  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,  Vol.   2. 

Infrequent  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (919  $).  Ascending  pro- 
fusely among  bushes  at  The  Ovens,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1122^). 
Scrub  above  the  beach  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1420  $  ). 
Abundant  and  with  large  densely  flowered  panicles  near  San  Miguel, 
Cozumel  (1498  $  ),  and  in  the  center  of  the  island  (1574  $  ). 

These  specimens  display  two  groups  of  forms,  one  probably  rep- 
resenting the  type  with  its  leaves  acuminate  at  both  ends,  and  plant 
glabrous  throughout;  the  other  with  the  older  leaves  subcordate  at 
the  base,  more  or  less  pubescent,  and  with  stems  manifestly  puberu- 
lent  (919,  1122,  1420). 

NYCTAGINACE.F.* 

Mirabilis  Jalapa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  177. 

Waste  grounds  near  dwellings,  from  the  gardens  of  which  it  is 
doubtless  an  escape,  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (161,  164,  184),  and  George- 
town, Grand  Cayman  (1402),  where  it  is  called  "Four  o'clock." 
Flowers  white,  pink,  bright  rose  or  yellow. 

Boerhaavia  erecta  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  3. 

Frequent  along  the  road  ascending  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba, 
Typica-W.  (1089),  and  on  open  grounds  about  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cay- 
man,  Typica-W.  (1277). 

Boerhaavia  repens  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  3. 

B.  hirsuta  Willd.  non  Linn.,  B.  Carilnva  Jacq.,  a  prima  indu- 
menta minus  denso,  ab  alterna  pilis  glanduliferis  frequent  diversa.  Eadem 
planta  provenit  in  Texas,  Florida  (/eg.  Nash.),  Chile.  B.  viscosa  et  B. 
hirsuta  arctissime  sunt  connextr,  et  volum  forma  tinius  lypi,  qui  in  indu- 
viento  eximie  varias l-W.  Common  about  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (740), 
and  on  hills  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas,  verisimile  B. 
hirsuta  Lag.,  Willd. ~W.  (467,  492).  Opens  about  San  Juan  Hill  and 
Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1042,  1069,  verisim.  B.  viscosa  Lag., 
Bodr.-W.).  Scrub  lands  south  of  the  lagoon,  Progreso,  Yucatan. 
A  few  plants  just  inland  from  the  clumps  of  Tournefortia  gnaphalodes 
on  the  western  shore  of  Perez  Island,  Alacran  Shoals  (1743).  Nihil 
aliud  quam  forma  transitoria  inter  B.  viscosam  Lag.  Rodr.  et  B.  hirsutam 
Lag.,   Willd.      The  species  does  not  exist  on  the  other  islands. 

Boerhaavia  paniculata  L.  C.  Rich. 

South  shore  Culebras  Island  (642).  Open  sand}'  spots  near  the 
sea  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (167).  Roadsides  and  coco  groves  near 
The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1189);  and  in  an  old  garden  spot  at  Peder- 
nales Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (11 34),  omnes  supra  typica-W. 

Boerhaavia  scandens  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  3. 

Infrequent  and  in  fruit  only  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (760),  and 
on  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1094).  The  peculiar  claveate, 
glandular-tipped  umbellate  fruits,  mark  this  species. 


♦Italicized  notes  arc  appended  by  Prol.  Hr.  A.  Heimerl.  Wien. 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  41 

PHYTOLACCACE.E. 

Rivina  humilis  Linn.  Sp.  PL  121. 

Suburbs  of  Charlotte  Amalia  (515)  and  of  San  Domingo  city  (833). 
In  the  former  the  racemes  are  prolonged  and  few  flowered  at  the 
apex,  in  the  latter  the  fruiting  is  full  and  perfect,  racemes  6-8  cm. 
long.  South  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (612,  630),  and  at  Guanica 
(714),  Porto  Rico. 

Rivina  humilis  lsevis  (Linn.)  comb.  nov. 

R.  hvvis  Linn.  Mant.  1:  41.  Two  forms  of  this  variety  were  pre- 
valent along  the  route  travelled,  the  one  with  small  yellowish  green 
ovate-lanceolate  mucronulate  leaves  4-6x2-3.2  cm.,  and  short  racemes 
3-4.5  cm.  of  this  specimens  were  taken  as  follows:  Environs  of  San 
Domingo  city  (800).  Moist  soils  and  on  stone  fences  near  Port  An- 
tonio, Jamaica  (923,  in  this  the  leaves  are  especially  narrower  lanceo- 
late). Southwest  Point,  Cayman  Brae  (12 10).  Bodden  Bay  road, 
Grand  Cayman  (1343,  1352).  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  (1448,  1455),  and 
the  east  shore  of  Cozumel  (1610).  The  other  form  has  broadly  ovate- 
lanceolate  pointed  and  mucronulate  deep-green  leaves  7-9x3.5-5 
cm.,  oblique  at  the  base  and  prominently  veined,  the  racemes  are 
longer  4.5-6  cm.  and  the  fruits  larger.  Specimens  from  Morro  Hill, 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (1081).  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1156),  where  it 
is  known  as  "Fowl-berry,"  and  Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman 
(1348). 

Petiveria  alliacea  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  342. 

Base  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1086),  and  center  of  the 
island  of  Cozumel  (1541 ),  where  it  is  called  Pay-che'  or  "  Fox-tree,"  on 
account  of  its  odor;  spikes  20-24  cm-  l°n»-  Old  field  at  Caguas, 
Porto  Rico  (204). 

Phytolacca  Nova-Hispania  nom.  nov. 

P.  Mexicana  Sweet  Hort.  Brit.  ed.  1:337  non  Crantz  nee.  Gaertn. 
Edges  of  an  old  cultivated  field  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines 
{1413).  Leaves  11-13  x  5.5-6.5  cm.,  fruiting  racemes  18  cm.  long, 
fruits  .8  cm.  diameter. 

AIZOACE.E. 

Mollugo  Cerviana  Ser.  de  C.  Prod.  1:  253. 

Coco  groves  near  the  sea  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (269).  One 
small  and  scrappy  specimen  only. 

Sesuvium  Portulacastrum  (L.)  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  10:  1058. 

Portulaca  Linn.  Syst.  Plentiful  and  very  succulent  at  the  mar- 
gins of  the  lagoon  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (98).  Plentiful  on  Ratones 
Island,  Porto  Rico  (651).  Sandy  beach  along  the  south  shore  of 
Cayman  Brae  (1221);  shores  of  lagoon  north  end  of  Cozumel,  and  the 
lagoon  south  of  Progreso.  The  greatest  mass  of  this  species  I  have 
ever  seen  clothes  the  surface  of  Perez,  Chica,  Pajaros  and  Allison 
Islands,  Alacran  Shoals  (1749,  1768). 


42  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

PORTULACACE.E. 

Portulaca  pilosa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  445. 

Widely  spreading  on  waste  ground  about  the  suburbs  of  San 
Domingo  (875).  Very  depauperate  plants  from  the  woodlands  of  the 
center  of  Cozumel  (1571). 

Portulaca  oleracea  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  445.' 

The  common  form  of  the  species  was  collected  from  roadsides 
about  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (447),  San  Domingo  (874)  and  in 
an  old  garden  near  the  center  of  Cozumel  (1581).  A  few  individuals 
of  the  species  are  scattered  among  the  sesuvium  on  Perez  Island 
(1740,  1760);  and  several  on  Chico  Island,  Alaeran  Shoals;  the  other 
islands  do  not  furnish  a  single  plant  of  the  species  as  yet. 

RANUNCULACEvE. 

Clematis  dioica  Linn  Syst.  ed  x.  1084. 

C.  Americana  Mill.  Open  woodlands  north  of  San  Miguel,  Cozu- 
mel (1505),  in  full  fruit.  In  November  its  profusion  of  white  flowers 
causes  the  shrubs  over  which  it  climbs  to  appear  as  if  drifted  over 
with  snow. 

MENISPERMACEyE. 

Cissampelos  Pareira  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1031. 

Thickets  near  The  Ovens,  Santiagode  Cuba(ii20,  1121).  Whole 
plant  pubescent,  leaves  ovate-orbicular  5x5  cm.  peltate,  truncate  at 
the  base;  mid  rib  prolonged  into  an  aristate  tip. 

LAURACEiE. 

Persea  Persea  (Linn.)   Cock.  Bull.  Torr.  Club  19:  95. 

Laurtis  Persea  Linn.  Persea  Americana  Mill.  P.  gratissima  Gaertn. 
Scattered  about  the  opens  and  woodlands  of  Grand  Cayman  where 
it  is  called  "  Pear,"  Bodden  Bay  road  (1317). 

Cassytha  filiformis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  35. 

Trailing  over  dunes  at  Santurce  (283)  and  port  of  Ponce,  Porto 
Rico.  Trailing  over  the  beach  sand  dunes  at  the  Creek,  Cayman 
Brae  (1168). 

PAPAVERACE^E. 

Argemone  Mexicana  ochroleuca  Lindl. ;  Bot.  Reg.  t.  1343. 

An  introduced  weed  in  waste  grounds  in  each  of  the  following 
localities,  in  none  of  which  can  it  be  considered  native:  Pagets  and 
Walsingham,  Bermuda  (64,  107);  near  dwellings  at  Guanica,  Porto 
Rico  (709);  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (383)  where  it  is  called 
''thistle";  particularly  large  and  fine  specimens  near  San  Domingo 
City  (775);  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1092);  ruins  of  Fort 
George,  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1400);  San  Miguel,  Cozumel 
(*497)- 


March,  igoo.         Plants  Utowan/e — Millspaugh.  43 

Fumaria  densiflora  de  C.  Cat.  h.  Monsp.  113. 

Old  and  fallow  cultivated  fields  common,  at  Walsingham  (92)  and 
Hamilton  (116)  Bermuda.      Leaf  segments  mucronate  tipped. 

CRUCIFERACE^. 

Lepidium  apetalum  Willd.    Sp.  PL  3:  439. 

Fallow  fields  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (138);  and  Caguas,  Porto 
Rico  (202,  221);  dry  stream  bed  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(510),  a  luxurious  growth;  hillside  near  the  fort  at  El  Caney,  Santiago 
de  Cuba  (1028),  depauperate;  old  garden  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel 
(1567),  typical  growth;  and  roadside  ditch  in  Progreso,  Yucatan 
(1749);  not  appearing  native  in  any  of  the  above  localities. 

Cakile  maritima  Scop.    Fl.  Cam.  ed.  2,  2:35. 

Even  with  the  careful  and  discriminating  characters  in  Prof. 
Robinson's  Cakile  in  Syn.  Flora.  N.  A.  2,  1:132,  I  cannot  separate 
the  specimens  gathered  into  species  according  to  the  leaf  or  fruit 
forms  credited  to  each,  as  they  constantly  intermix,  the  leaves  of 
Americana  and  fruits  of  maritima  appearing  on  one  plant,  while  the 
reverse  may  and  does  occur,  I  therefore  am  compelled  to  place  all 
individuals  gathered,  under  the  older  species.  The  plant  seems  to 
require  the  clear  clean  sea  air  and  spray,  as  it  is  not  to  be  found  on 
the  shores  of  large  bays,  though  across  the  spits  dividing  such  bays 
from  the  sea  it  is  found  in  profusion.  Seashore  sands  at  Santurce 
(272),  Culebras  Island  (626),  Ratones  Island,  and  Port  of  Ponce 
(676),  Porto  Rico.  Coral-rock  shore  line  at  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae 
(1159),  where  it  is  known  as  "Bay-bush."  Leaves  entire,  lanceolate, 
rachis  somewhat  geniculate,  fruits  cylindrical-fusiform,  upper  cell 
the  longer,  pointed,  barely  angular;  plants  depauperate  from  the 
character  of  the  location.  Another  specimen  (1179)  from  the  sandy 
beach  beyond  the  rocks,  has  the  leaves  all  entire,  but  varying  from 
narrowly  lanceolate  to  ovate,  fruits  not  developed.  Still  another 
(1179^)  plant  from  the  identical  locality,  in  fact  one  of  a  clump  of 
which  the  previous  specimen  formed  a  part,  has  ovate-spatulate 
leaves,  the  lower  simply  sinuate  toothed,  the  upper  deeply  and 
irregularly  sinuate-cleft,  fruits  undeveloped.  Specimens  from  the 
sandy  shores  of  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1308),  have  narrowly 
lanceolate,  sinuate-dentate  leaves,  the  fruits  have  the  upper  cell 
elongated  acute  and  5-7  ribbed.  The  sandy  beach  at  Cape  Corientes 
yields  a  form  (1465)  with  sinuately  divided  leaves  throughout,  the 
fruits  comparing  perfectly  with  those  of  the  last  mentioned  1308. 
The  western  shore  of  Perez  Island  yields  a  form  (1744)  with  lanceo- 
late and  ovate-spatulate  entire  leaves,  and  fruits  with  a  large  tumid 
upper  cell,  sharply  apiculate,  and  furrowed  rather  than  angled. 
Pajaros  Island,  adjacent,  yields  a  form  (1764,  1767)  with  thick  leaves 
of  the  form  of  the  last,  and  fruits  the  apical  cell  of  which  is  almost 
globose-apiculate,  while  the  lower  cell  is  little  other  than  an  obconi- 
cal  peduncle.  While  the  plants  from  both  Perez  and  Pajaros 
Islands  are  large  fruit  producers  they  have  a  sickly  yellow  appear- 
ance  compared  with    the   fresh,    cool   green  of   those  of   Chico  and 


44  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Allison  Islands  of  the  shoal.  These  plants  have  leaves  varying  from 
exact  counterparts  of  the  last  to  sinuate-dentate,  and  sinuate-cleft 
forms,  while  the  fruits  of  both  the  last  forms  appear  indifferently 
upon  these. 

[Specimens  of  this  species  gathered  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Michi- 
gan, near  Chicago,  are  fully  as  variable  as  these  from  the  West 
Indies;  clumps  in  various  localities  yielding  forms  that  might  be 
placed  under  either  this  or  Americana  as  described,  and  others  that 
intermix  both.  (Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.,  Lansing,  Nos.  10,  11,  330, 
417,  449.)] 

Brassica  Sinapistrum  Boiss.  Voy.  Esp.  2:  39. 

Old  fallow  fields  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (132). 

Raphanus  Raphanistrum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  753. 

Plentiful  on  banks  and  in  fields  and  open  woods  at  Walsingham, 
Bermuda  (75,  78). 

CAPPARIDACE.E. 

Pola.nisia  icosandra  (Linn)  W.  &  Arn.  Prod.  PI.  Ind.  22. 

Cleome  viscosa  Linn.  Waste  grounds  about  Charlotte  Am  alia, 
St.  Thomas,  (367,  450);  large  growth,  pods  8-9  cm.,  leaves  3-5  fol- 
iolate,  folioles  3.5-5.5x1.5x3  cm. 

Cleome  pungens  Willd.  Enum.  Hort.  Berol.  689. 

Waste  places  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (451);  and 
about  Santo  Domingo  (784).  This  form  appears  to  be  clearly  distinct 
from  the  next  species.  In  pungens  the  plants  are  somewhat  hairy 
or  rather  pilose,  the  leaflets  are  fusiform  and  glabrous,  the  ovary 
glabrous,  and  the  bracts  of  the  rachis  larger.  Leaflets  5-7,  4-6x2- 
2.5  cm.,  bluntish,  bracts  1  x.8  cm.,  spines  none. 

Cleome  spinosa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  2:  939.' 

Near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (964),  and  at  El  Caney,  Santiago  de 
Cuba  (1040).  Whole  plant  pubescent,  including  the  ovary,  leaves 
5-foliolate,  leaflets  lanceolate-acuminate  6-8x2  cm. ,  axils  furnished  with 
two  yellow  recurved  prickles,  bracts  .8x.6  cm. 

Capparis  Cynocephallophora  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  2:  721. 

Low  shrub  on  maritime  hillsides  south  shores  Culebras  Island 
{575).  Leaves  narrowly  lanceolate,  pointed  or  rounded  at  the  apex 
6.5-7.5  x  1.5  cm. 

Morisonia  Americana  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  503. 

Small  spreading  tree  about  3  meters  high,  with  ovate-lanceolate 
leathery  leaves  12-14.5  X3-5. 5  cm.;  stamens  in  these  specimens  12. 
South  shore  Culebras  Island  (583). 

MORINGACE.E. 

Moringa  pterygosperma  Gaertn.  Fruct.  2:  314. 

Catano,  Porto  Rico  (182),  probably  cultivated.  The  Ovens,  San- 
tiago de  Cuba  (11 16),  distant  from  cultivated  lands  or  dwellings. 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^: — Millspaugh.  45 

CRASSULACE.E. 

Bryophyllum  pinnatum  (Lam.)  S.  Kurtz  Jour.  Soc.  Beng.  xl,  2:  52. 

Naturalized  on  stone  walls  at  Pagets,  Bermuda  (36);  waste  rocky 
banks  at  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (455),  where  it  is  known  as 
"wonderful-leaf";  waste  grounds  common  San  Domingo  (819);  com- 
mon on  rocky  grounds  at  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1311);  plentiful 
about  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1508),  and  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan. 

ROSACEA. 

Chrysobalanus  Icaco  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  513. 

Dunes  along  the  sea  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (284).  Leaves 
mostly  emarginate,  5.3x4.3  cm. 

LEGUMINOSACEiE. 

Pithecolobium  Unguis-cati  (Linn.)  Benth.  in  Hook.  Lond.  Jour. 
Bot.  3:  200. 
On  rocky  hillside  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (623,  631);  near 
the  sea  at  Port  Ponce  (673,  677)  and  Guanica  (705),  Porto  Rico.  Coast 
rocks  at  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (445),  where  it  is  known  as 
"Crab-pickle,*"  and  at  the  north  end  of  Cozumel  Island  (1592). 

Pithecolobium  oblongum  Benth.  loc.  cit.  3:  198. 

Edges  of  the  woodland  east  of  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1482). 

Albizzia  Lebbek  (Willd.)  Benth.  loc.  cit.  3:  87. 

Acacia  Willd.  Escaped  to  pasture  land  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico 
(172,  tree  12  meters  high).  Also  noted  in  pasture  south  of  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas,  where  it  is  known  as  the  "Thibet  Tree." 

Acacia  Farnesiana  (Linn.)  Willd.  Sp.  PI.  4:1083. 

Mimosa  Linn.  Environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (480), 
where  it  is  known  as  "  Casha. "  Sea  shores  Port  of  Ponce  (674)  and 
Guanica  (768),  Porto  Rico;  also  at  Santiago  de  Cuba  on  the  shores 
of  the  bay  (1014).  A  form  with  long  spines  (3  cm.)  and  much  longer 
more  cylindrical  pods  (9  cm.)  found  in  a  mountain  pasture  above 
Charlotte  Amalia  (444). 

Leuc/ena  glauca  (Linn.)  Benth.  loc.  cit.  4:  416. 

Mimosa  Linn.  Environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (432), 
where  it  is  known  as  "Wild  Tamarind";  and  at  Georgetown,  Grand 
Cayman  (1392),  where,  for  some  unknown  reason  it  is  called  "Chamo- 
mile." 

Mimosa  Ceratonia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  523. 

High  on  the  hills  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (524), 
where  it  is  known  as  "Black  Amaret." 

Mimosa  pudica  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  518. 

Dry  fields  and  pastures  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (155);  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (412),  where  it  is  called  "Gritchee  ";  suburbs  of 
San  Domingo  city  (867);  at  Port  Antonio,    Jamaica  (987),  and   clear- 


V 


46  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

ings  center  of  Cozumel  (1540),  where  it  is  called  X-muo,  "  Fold- 
together,"  referring  to  the  sensative  leaves.  In  bloom  and  full  fruit 
throughout. 

Desmanthus  depressus  Humb.  &  Bonpl.  Willd.  Sp.  PI.  4:  1046. 

Pasture  lands  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (415);  and 
south  coast  of  Culebras  Island  (574). 

Tamarindus  Indica  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  34. 

•  A  large  tree  in  full  fruit  on  the  east  shore  of  the  bay  at  Guanica, 
Porto  Rico  (742),  also  in  cultivation  at  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas, 
Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman,  and  at  Spot  Bay. 

Bauhinia  divaricata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  374. 

B.  porrecta  Sw. ,  Casparea  Griseb.  Sparingly  in  flower  at  "The 
Creek"  (1160)  and  southwest  point  (1207,  1208)  Cayman  Brae, 
where,  in  reference  to  the  shape  of  the  leaf,  it  is  called  "Bull-hoof", 
and  at  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1289). 

Cassia*  bacillaris  Linn.  f.  Suppl.  231. 

Half  way  up  the  mountain  road  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (541),  where  it  is  known  as  "Stiver  bush". 

j      Cassia  bicapsularis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  376. 

Old  field  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (503),  where  it 
is  called  "  Styver-bush  ";  south  coast  of  Culebras  Island  (598);  and 
roadside  environs  of  San  Domingo  city  (802)? 

Cassia  biflora  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  378. 

Arid  rock-strewn  plains  south  of  the  lagoon  at  Progreso,  Yuca- 
tan (1658,  1670). 

Cassia  ligustrina  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  378. 

Dry  roadside  bank  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (995). 

Cassia  occidentalis  Linn.      Sp.  PI.  377. 

Moist  soil  along  the  road  from  Santurce  to  the  sea,  Porto  Rico 
(301);  waste  heap  on  the  bay  shore  (364)  and  high  up  in  the  mountain 
woods  Charlotte  Amalia  (527),  St.  Thomas,  where  it  is  known  as 
"Stinking-wood."  Southern  coast  of  Culebras  Island  (568);  envi- 
rons of  San  Domingo  City  (804) ;  and  coast  of  Grand  Cayman  near 
Georgetown  (393). 

Cassia  polyphylla  Jacq.  Coll.  4:  104. 

Roadsides,  environs  of  San  Domingo  City  (820,  826).  A  small 
tree  3  meters  high. 

Cassia  kacemosa  Mill.  Gard.  Diet.  ed.  8:  19. 

West  coast  of  Cozumel  north  of  San  Miguel  (1481)  and  at  the 
Caleta  (1509)  where  it  is  called  "Yaax-haaben ''  by  the  Mayas,  mean- 
ing "  evergreen." 


*The  genus  by  Mr.  Charles  L.  Pollard. 


March,  igoo.         Plant.*.   Utowan/E — Millspaugh.  47 

Cassia  Sophera  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  379.      (Ex.  char). 

Roadside  near  San  Domingo  City  (872),  and  on  the  slopes  of 
Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1090). 

Cassia  Tora  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  376. 

Banks  of  a  dry  brook  near  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (236). 

Cassia,  sp. 

Near  C.  bicapsularis  but  too  juvenile.  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica 
("35)- 

Cassia,  sp. 

Juvenile  and  lacking  determinative  characters.  Environs  of  San 
Domingo  City  (783). 

Cham.exrista*  aspera  (Muhl.)  Greene  infra  cit. 

Cassia  aspera  Muhl.  In  sand  of  roadside  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand 
Cayman   (1305). 

Chamaecrista  diphvlla  (L.)  Greene  Pitton.  4:  28. 

In  a  coco  grove  near  the  sea  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (291). 

Chameecrista  complexa  Pollard,  n.  sp. 

Plant  shrubby  with  erect  or  spreading  branches,  the  stems  finely 
strigose-pubescent ;  leaves  glabrous,  4-13-foliolate,  green  above,  much 
paler  beneath,  2.2-2.7  cm-  l°Dg  \  stipules  herbaceous,  lanceolate, 
conspicuously  striate ;  leaflets  elliptical  or  occasionally  obovate, 
obtuse,  tipped  with  a  prominent  cusp,  the  midvein  somewhat  eccen- 
tric, 5.5-7  mm.  long;  petiolar  gland  discoid,  stipitate  ;  flower  large, 
.8-2  cm.  in  diameter;  sepals  membranaceous,  very  unequal;  petals 
obovate,  exceeding  the  sepals  ;  legume  nearly  straight,  linear,  com- 
pressed, the  surface  of  its  valves  glabrous  or  with  a  few  scattered 
hairs. 

Collected  on  roadsides  at  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas,  January 
17-18  (375).  Type  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Field  Columbian  Museum, 
Cat.  No.  60,375.  Nos.  469  and  498,  collected  high  on  the  mountain 
at  the  same  place,  are  also  to  be  referred  here. 

The  plant  is  a  very  distinct  member  of  the  large-flowered  section 
of  Chamaecrista,  yet  suggesting  the  nictitans  group  in  its  foliage  and 
in  the  slender  stipitate  petiolar  gland. 

Cham.ecrista  glandulosa  (L.)  Greene,  Pitton.  4:  28. 

Cassia  glandulosa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  572  (1753).  Under  coco  trees  in 
an  orchard  near  the  sea  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (268,  286). 

Chamaecrista  grammica  (Spreng.)  Pollard,  comb.  nov. 

Cassia  grammica  Spreng.  Neue.  Entd.  3:55  (1822).  Dry  sandy 
field  near  Playa,  Porto  Rico  (682). 

Chamaecrista  Millspaughii  Pollard,  n.  sp. 

Stems  branching,  erect,  shrubby,  at  least  at  the  base,  finely 
strigose  subescent ;  leaves  pubescent  or  becoming  glabrate  with  age, 
2.5-4  cm-    l°n§'>   5-15-foliolate,    the  rachis  sparsely  hirsute;  petiolar 

*This  genus  also  by  Mr.  Charles  L.  Pollard. 


48  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

gland  cupulate,  sessile  ;  stipules  lanceolate,  striate  ;  leaflets  linear 
or  oblong-linear,  .8-1  cm.  long,  apiculate  or  sharply  cuspidate,  the 
midvein  somewhat  eccentric  ;  flowers  of  medium  size,  1  cm.  in  diam- 
eter ;  sepals  linear-acuminate  ;  pod  linear,  slightly  curved,  strongly 
compressed,  pubescent. 

Collected  on  a  railroad  embankment  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico, 
January  11  (312).  Type  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Field  Columbian 
Museum,  Cat.  No.  60,312. 

A  member  of  the  nictitans  group  but  remarkable  for  its  erect  habit 
and  sessile  petiolar  gland.  I  take  pleasure  in  dedicating  the  species 
to  Dr.  Millspaugh,  who  has  very  kindly  permitted  me  to  determine 
the  large  and  interesting  collection  of  Cassia  and  Chamaecrista  col- 
lected by  him  in  the  West  Indies. 

Chamaecrista  virgata  (Sw.)  Pollard,  comb.  nov. 

Cassia  virgata  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ. ,  66.  Ex.  char.  South 
shore  of  Culebras  Island  (601). 

Cham^crista  sp. 

Juvenile  and  without  fruit  characters.  Sandy  fields  at  Catano 
(189)  and  Santurce  (293),  Porto  Rico. 

Krameria  Ishamii  sp.  nov.     Plate  lix. 

Suffrutescent,  strict,  tomentose  throughout,  dense  upon  the 
leaves  and  branchlets.  Leaves  lanceolate,  acuminate  1. 3-2  x. 3-4 
cm.  long-aristate  at  the  tip  tapering  to  the  petiole  which  is  one-third 
the  length  of  the  blade,  flowers  racemose?  in  the  axils  of  the  termi- 
nal leaves  on  all  branches,  pedicels  short  bibractiate  near  the  base, 
bracts  linear  with  a  red  awn  one-third  their  length  ;  sepals  4  ovate 
acuminate,  scaphoid,  posterior  petals  sarcous,  truncate-spatulate,  sep- 
arate at  the  base,  the  posterior  surface  covered  with  white  wax-like 
more  or  less  regularly  disposed  maculae,  anterior  petals  rutilant 
at  the  apex,  united  with  themselves  and  the  filaments  at  the  base; 
stamens  4,  in  two  pairs,  the  anterior  pair  shorter,  anthers  approxi- 
mate, style  crassate  cornuate.  Fruits  (excluding  the  spines)  .7  cm. 
diameter,  pericarp  densely  tomentose,  spines  deep  red,  3.5  mm.  long, 
retrorsely  6-9-barbed  in  three  lines  at  the  apex. 

Sea  shore  west  of  the  Port  of  Ponce,  Porto  Rico  (679).  Named 
for  Mr.  Edward  S.  Isham,  Jr.,  a  member  of  the  expedition,  who  ren- 
dered kindly  and  frequent  assistance  to  the  author  throughout  the 
trip. 

Poinciana  regia  Boj.  ex.  Hook.  Bot.  Mag.  t.  2884. 
Cultivated  at  Santiago  de  Cuba  (Plate  xxxvi). 

HvEmatoxylon  Campechianum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  384. 

Plentifully  planted  as  a  hedge  in  the  suburbs  of  San  Domingo 
city  (822,  824),  largely  introduced  into  Jamaica  and  Grand  Cayman 
(1369,  1 371)  where  it  is  now  scattered  all  over  the  interior  of  the  latter 
island  forming,  with  Psidium  Guajava,  the  main  portion  of  the 
"brush"  with  which  the  old  lands  and  fields  are  so  heavily  clothed. 


March,  igoo.         Plantae  Utowanae — Millspaugh.  49 

Plentitul  and   native    in   the  scrubland  south   of   Progreso,  Yucatan 
(1669). 

Caesalpinia  Bonducella  (Linn.)  Flem.  As.  Res.  11:159.      Plate  lx. 

Guilandina  Linn.  Shores  of  the  bay  of  San  Juan  at  Catano  (181), 
shores  of  the  bay  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas,  where  it  is 
called  "  Gray  Nickars,"  and  in  great  quantity  on  Culebras  Island;  Ra- 
tones  Island  (661)  and  the  shores  west  of  Port  of  Ponce,  Porto  Rico. 
Sea  shore  south  side  of  Cayman  Brae,  and  north  of  Spot  Bay. 
Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1250).  The  legumes  of  these  specimens 
are  different  from  any  other  specimens  I  have  seen  in  that  they  are 
strongly  pubescent  even  to  the  tips  of  the  spines. 

Caesalpinia  {Guilandina)  Caymanensis  sp.  nov.     Plate  lx. 

Shrub  6  feet  high,  more  spreading  than  Bonducella  and  thorn, 
less,  leaves  golden-tomentose  throughout,  branches  white-ciliate 
pinnae  6-jugal,  leaflets  7-jugal  elliptical,  strongly  unequal  at  the  base, 
mucronate,  petiolulate,  the  stipules  converted  into  a  pair  of  stout 
recurved  thorns,  lamina  2-2.7  x  I-5"I-8  cm.,  golden-pilose  on  the  veins 
and  margin.  Flowers  (?)  not  yet  developed.  Legumes  pilose  desti- 
tute of  spines,  thick  pedicelled,  7x4  cm.,  strongly  oblique  at  the  base, 
seeds  greenish-leaden  2  x  1.7  (average)  cm.,  the  zonal  markings  plain 
and  regular. 

Sea  shore  north  of  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1263).  Type  in 
Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  No.  61,263.  Leaves  20  cm.  long,  pinnae 
(median)  9  cm.  long,  rachis  internodes  3-3.5  cm.  Differs  from  its 
nearest  relative  C.  Bonducella  in  its  smaller  leaves  and  leaflets,  thorn- 
less  stem  and  spineless  pods. 

Caesalpinia  bijuga  (Linn.)Sw.  Obs.  166. 

Base  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (ion),  and  plentiful  in 
the  stony  scrubland  south  of  the  lagoon  six  kilometers  from  Pro- 
greso, Yucatan  (1644). 

C/ESALPINIA  PULCHERRIMA  (L.)   Sw.    loc.    cit. 

Poinciana  L.  Escaped  from  cultivation  at  Merida,  Yucatan, 
(1641  thornless,  flowers  flame-orange,  1642  flowers  bright  lemon-yel- 
low) and  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas,  where  it  is  known  as 
"Dudeldu." 

Caesalpinia  Mexicana  Agr.  Proc.  Am.  Acad.  5:157. 

Specimens  evidently  this  species  but  larger  in  all  characters  were 
gathered  in  the  arid  stony  scrublands  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan, 
(1660). 

Crotalaria  retusa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  715. 

Grassy  fields  and  pastures,  Catano  (149),  45  cm.  high,  ligneous 
at  the  base;  Santurce  (267)  and  Port  of  Ponce  (672),  Porto  Rico. 
Suburbs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (420),  where  it  is  known  as 
"Rattle-bush."  San  Domingo  city  (771).  Dry  fields  at  Port  Anto- 
nio, Jamaica  (942)  and  at  El  Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1026).  Not 
seen  west  of  this  station. 


1/ 


50  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Crotalaria  verrucosa  Linn.  loc.  cit. 

Dry  fields  in  the  suburbs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (371, 
380,  393,  465,  488).  Leaves  in  all  our  specimens  blunt  or  crenate, 
reticulate,  white-veined  beneath,  having  much  the  appearance  of  an 
amaranth. 

Crotalaria  anagyroides  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  6:404. 

Dry  hillside  at  the  "Ovens  "  near  Santiago  de  Cuba  (11 19,  1125). 

Crotalaria  incana  Linn.  loc.  cit.  716. 

Old  field  center  of  the  island  of  Grand  Cayman  (1387). 

Crotalaria  pumila  Orteg.  Hort.  Matr.  23? 

Center  of  island  of  Cozumel  (1566).  Reference  doubtful  in  the 
absence  of  fruits.      The  doubt  is,  however,  slight. 

Crotalaria  pumila  obcordata  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  180. 

Leaflets  3,  mostly  obcordate,  much  smaller  than  the  species, 
.6-1  x  .5-. 7  cm.,  pods  1.2  x  .6  cm.  prominently  beaked,  habit  more 
spreading,  resembling  Medicago  lupulina.  East  shore  of  Cozumel 
Island  (1578). 

Medicago  lupulina  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  779. 

Dry  fields  at  Walsingham  (76)  and  Hamilton  (130),  Bermuda. 

Indigofera  Anil  Linn.  Mant.  2:272. 

Old  fields,  an  escape  from  cultivation  and  apparently  well  estab- 
lished at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (191),  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(435),  San  Domingo  near  the  city  (881)  and  near  the  base  of  Morro 
Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1101). 

Gliricidia  maculata  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  6:393. 

Planted  in  hedge  rows  as  an  ornamental  tree  at  San  Domingo 
city  (783),  escaped  from  cultivation  to  scrublands  at  San  Juan  Hill, 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (1055),  and  center  of  the  island  of  Cozumel  (1553) 
where  it  is  called  Xak-yaab:  "very  white,"  in  allusion  to  the  tree 
when  in  flower. 

Benthamantha  Carib^ea  (Jacq.)  Ktze.  Rev.  Gen.  3:53. 

Galega  Caribcea  Jacq.  Select.  Am.  212.  Genus  Benthamantha 
Alef.  in  Bonplandia  10:264  (1862).  Dry  fields  south  shores  of  Cule- 
bras  Island  (622).      Rare. 

Benthamantha  Greenmanni  (Millsp.)  Britt.  &  Baker,  Jour.Bot.  38:19. 
Cracca  Greenmanni  (Millsp.)  Grassy  plain  and  opens  in  scrub- 
land near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1479).  Type  from  Chichen  Itza, 
Yucatan,  collection  by  myself  during  the  Allison  V.  Armour  expedi- 
tion of  1895,  No.  127.     Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  No.  39,003. 

Cracca  cinerea  (L.)  Morong.  PI.  Parag.  79. 

Galega  Linn.  Tephrosia  Pers.  Low  suffrutescent  and  trailing, 
scattered  in  sandy  soil,  environs  of  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (179)  and 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (486),  also  at  the  "Ovens,"  Santiago 
de  Cuba  (1115),  and  near  "The  Creek,"  Cayman   Brae  (1158),  where 


March,  1900.         Plantve  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  51 

it  is  called  "Senna  "  by  the  inhabitants,  who  use  the  leaves  in  lieu  of 
that  drug  in  their  domestic  practice.  East  shore  of  Cozumel  Island 
(1576,  1579,  1585),  where  at  one  place  I  found  a  large  patch  of  about 
an  acre  solid  of  this  species  alone.  A  search  of  this  patch,  upon  my 
hands  and  knees,  with  the  greatest  care,  at  10  a.  m.,  resulted  in  secur- 
ing but  a  single  flowering  or  budding  plant,  and  that  with  one  flower 
only  (1585).  Returning  to  the  patch  at  3  p.  m.  I  was  astonished  to 
find  it  almost  wholly  in  bloom  and  many  of  the  plants  having  well 
developed  legumes  (1576,  1579). 

Stylosanthes  hamata  (Linn.)  Taub.  Abh  Bot.  Ver.  Brand  1889:32. 

Hedysarum  hamatum  Linn.  S.  procumbens  Sw.  Dry  fields  and  road- 
sides. Base  of  Monro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1077),  and  along  Bod- 
den  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1335).      All   with  simple  legumes. 

The  following  specimens  have  a  two-celled  pod,  each  cell  one 
seeded,  much  smaller  leaves,  less  ciliate  floral  bracts,  and  more  tufted 
growth,  viz.:  dry  soils  about  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (153),  and  road- 
sides near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (391). 

Meibomia  tortuosa  (Sw.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  198. 

Hedysarum  tortuosum  Sw.  Desmodium  tortuosum  de  C.  South  shore 
of  Culebras  Island  (571)- 

Meibomia  Scorpiurus  (Sw.)  Kuntze  loc.  cit. 

Hedysarum  Scorpiurus  Sw.  Desmodium  Scorpiurus  Desv.  Waste 
grounds  near  San  Domingo  city  (868),  and  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica 
(1128). 

Meibomia  supina  (Sw.)  Britton  Enum.  PI.  Parag.  83. 

Hedysarum  supinum  Sw.  Desmodium  incanum  de  C.  Fields  and 
open  woodlands  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (379,  459,  543), 
near  San  Domingo  city  (830,  836);  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (930, 
1 129),  along  the  Bodden  Bay  road  (1330),  and  in  the  center  (1384) 
of  Grand  Cayman;  also  center  of  island  of  Cozumel  (1550). 

Meibomia  triflora  pilosa  Kuntze  loc.  cit.  197. 

Dry  fields  at  El  Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1031),  and  along  Bod- 
den Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1800).  Boggy  soil  on  grassy  mounds 
center  Grand  Cayman  (1368).  From  the  fruit  and  seed  characters  I 
have  little  doubt  but  that  the  American  form  of  this  plant  is  a  dis- 
tinct species;  lack  of  a  full  amount  of  material  prevents  a  more  care- 
ful consideration  of  the  plants  at  this  time. 

Cicer  arietinum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  738. 

Running  wild  in  a  garden  enclosure  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of 
Pines  (1407). 

Abrus  precatorius  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  12:  472. 

Apparently  indigenous  throughout  the  Antillean  islands  visited. 
Climbing  over  shrubbery  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (174),  near  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (513),  where  it  is  known  as  "  Jumbee-bead,"  or 
"Wild  Liquorice;"  suburban  woodlands  near  San  Domingo  city 
(828),  along  the  shores  of  the  bay  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1006),  and  Bod- 
den Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1796).  In  fruit  only  at  the  above 
stations. 


52  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Clitoria  ternatea  Linn.  Sp.  PJ.  753. 

Climbing  over  bushes  in  open  fields  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico 
(728);  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas,  where  it  is  called  "Blue- 
vine"  (373,  397,  409,  411);  along  Bodden  Bay  road  (1318)  and  in 
the  center  (1383)  of  Grand  Cayman. 

Bradburya  Virginiana  (Linn.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  164. 

Clitoria  Linn.    Centrosema  Bth.       Climbing  over   low  bushes   at 
Catano  (154),  Caguas  (226,   227,   230,    234),  Port  of  Ponce  (668),  and 
V  Guanica  (704),  Porto  Rico.      South   shore  of   Culebras  Island  (608). 

Environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia  (395,  424,  476).  San  Domingo  (879)r 
and  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1100),  where  its  westerly  distri- 
bution appears  to  cease,  and  the  next  species  begins. 

Bradburya  Plumieri  (Turp. )  Kuntze  loc.  cit. 

Clitoria  Turp.  Centrosema  Bth.  Environs  of  San  Domingo  city 
(825,  837),  and  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (1137). 

Bradburya  pubescens  (Benth.)  Kuntze  loc.  cit. 

Centrosema  Bth.  Climbing  tall  herbage  at  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico 
(355),  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  lhomas  (423),  suburbs  of  San 
Domingo  city  (859),  and  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (886,  981). 

Erythrina  Corallodendron  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  706. 

Woodlands  on  the  mountain  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (523),  center  of  the  island,  Cozumel  (1552),  and  in  the  stony 
arid  lands  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1666),  where  it  is  called 
"Chacmol-chey  the  tree  of  the  god  Chacmol. 

Calopogonium  orthocarpum  Urb.  Symb.  Antill.    1:  327. 
Rich  soil  along  road  near  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (231). 

Calopogonium  mucunoides  Desv.  An.  Sci.  Nat.  ser.  1,  9:  423. 

C.  brachycarpum  Benth.  Stenolobium  brachycarpum  Bth.  Waste 
ground  in  the  suburbs  of  San  Domingo  city  (801). 

Calopogonium  c^eruleum  Benth.  Biol.  Centr.  Am.  Bot.  1:301. 
Hedge  rows  east  side  of  the  river  at  San  Domingo  city  (777). 

Galactia  regularis  (Linn.)  B.  S.  P.  Prel.  Cat.  N.  Y.  14. 

Dolichos  Linn.  G.  glabella  Michx.  Twining  among  low  weeds 
at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (159,  251). 

Galactia  volubilis  (Linn.)  Britton  Mem.  Torr.  Club  5:  208. 

Hcdxsarum  volubile  Linn.  G.  Mollis  Nutt.  South  shore  of  Cule- 
bras Island  (629). 

Canavalia  obtusifolia  (Lam.)  de  C.  Prod.  2:  404. 

Dolichos  Lam.  Sandy  fields  near  the  sea:  Santurce,  Porto 
Rico  (278),  in  great  quantity  massing  the  surface  of  many  acres; 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (365),  where  it  is  called  "Sour-eyes"; 
south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (636);  center  of  Ratones  Island  (660); 
coco  groves  at  "The  Creek"  (1170),  and  south  shore  Cayman  Brae, 
where  it  is  known  as    "Wild    Bean";  near   Port  Antonio,    Jamaica 


V 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^: — Millspaugh.  53 

(988);   shores  near  Spot  Bay,   Grand  Cayman  (1307);  shores  of  Cape 
Corientes  de  Cuba  (1456),  and   east  shore  of  Cozumel    Island  (1584). 

Canavalia  gladiata  (Savi.)  de  C.  Prod,  2:  404. 

Malocchia  Savi.  Nuov.  Giorn.  Pisa.  8:  113.  C.  ensiformis  de  C. 
doc.  cit.  Creeping  over  bare  rocks  southwest  point  of  Cayman  Brae 
(1193)- 

Vigna  repens  (Linn.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  212. 

Dolichos  Linn.  Dolichos  luteola  Jacq.  V.  luteola  Benth.  Rising 
free  among  high  weeds  and  grasses  at  Catafio,  Porto  Rico  (140,  255), 
Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (929,  951),  and  along  shores  north  of  George- 
town, Grand  Cayman  (1241). 

Dolichos  Lablab  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  725. 

Probably  escaped  but  appearing  thoroughly  introduced  at 
Catafio  (169,  258)  and  Caguas  (201),  Porto  Rico;  Morro  Hill,  San- 
tiago de  Cuba  (1 103),  and  along  the  shore  north  of  Georgetown, 
Grand  Cayman  (1396). 

Cajan(us)  Cajan  Linn.  comb.  nov. 

Cytisus  Cajan  Linn.  Cajanus  Indicus  Spreng.  Sandy  fields  near 
the  sea:  at  Cataho,  Porto  Rico  (249);  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (482),  where  it  is  known  as  the  "  Pigeon-pea"  and  "  Vendu 
bountje",  and  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (621).  Fields  at  El 
Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1037),  and  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of 
Pines  (1416). 

Dolicholus  minimus  (Linn.)  Medik.  Vorl.  Chur.  Phys.  2:  354. 

Dolichos  Linn.    Rhynchosia  minima   de    C.      Climbing    among  low 
herbs  at  Cataho,  Porto  Rico  (165),  environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.       v 
Thomas  (422,  485),   and  at  Spot  Bay  (1283),  and  Bodden  Bay  road, 
Grand  Cayman  (1349). 

Dolicholus  phaseoloides  (Sw.)  comb.  nov. 

Glycine phaseoloides  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  105.  Rhynchosia 
phaseoloides  de  C.  Prod.  2:  385.  Rich  bottom  land  near  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (1140). 

Dolicholus  reticulatus  (Sw.)  comb.  nov. 

Glycine  reticulata  (Sw. )  loc.  cil.  Rhynchosia  reticulata  de  C.  loc.  cit. 
Rich  soils  common  at  Catafio  (252)  and  Bayamon  (342),  Porto  Rico. 
Environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (376);  and  south  shore  of 
Culebras  Island  (602,  617,  624). 

Moghania  strobilifera  (Linn.)  St.  Hil.  Desv.  Jour.  Bot.  1:62. 

Hedysarum  Linn.  Flemingia  Roxb.  Spreading  profusely  on  all 
lands  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (952). 

Phaseolus  semierectus  Linn.  Mant.  1:100. 

Sandy  fields  near  the  coast,  Catafio,  Porto  Rico  (168),  south  of 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (413),  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (735), 
suburbs  of  San  Domingo  city  (791),  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica,  (899, 
977),  shores  of  Santiago  Bay,  Cuba  (1007),  and  along  Bodden  Bay 
road,  Grand  Cayman  (1324). 


54  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Phaseolus  lunatus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  724. 

Thickets,  spontaneous  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(481)  and  at  "The  Ovens,"  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1104). 

OXALIDACE.F. 

Oxalis  Martiana  Zucc.  Denk.  Ak.  Muen.  9:144. 

O.  bipanctata  Grah.  Rich  moist  soil  of  hillsides  near  Port  Anto- 
nio, Jamaica  (11 30).  Leaflets  broadly  ovate  3  x  4. 5  cm.,  emarginate> 
punctato-glandular  and  hairy  above  and  beneath,  petioles  25  cm. 
invested  with  long  scattered  hairs;  scapes  35  cm.  somewhat  less  cili- 
ate  than  the  petioles.  Flowers  violet-blue  1.5  cm.,  calyx  lobes  dis- 
tinct, each  furnished  with  a  pair  of  oblong  brownish  glands  approxi- 
mate at  the  tip. 

Oxalis  Berlandieri  Torr.  Mex.  Bound.  Surv.  41. 

Infrequent  in  the  open  woodlands  about  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan 
(1633). 

ZYGOPHYLLACE^E. 

Kallstroemia  maxima  Wight  &  Arn.  Prod.  145. 

Tribulus  L.  Sandy  spots  in  grassy  fields  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico 
(162,  336);  suburbs  of  the  city  of  San  Domingo  (779);  margins  of  cul- 
tivated fields  Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1342),  and  grassy 
knolls,  Merida,  Yucatan. 

Tribulus  Alacranensis  sp.  nov.     Plate  xlviii  &  Ixi. 

Perennial  runner.  Rootstock  long  and  ligneous,  stems  many, 
ligneous,  thick  (4-7  mm.)  20-24  striate,  .5-2.5  meters  long;  branches 
nude,  ligneous,  .5  to  1  meter  long,  many  jointed,  joints  all  about  1.5 
cm.  long,  nodes  rough  with  the  withered  persistent  bracts  and  stipules 
of  deciduous  leaf  stems,  branchlets  infrequent  along  the  branches, 
mainly  aggregated  at  the  tips,  very  woolly  with  silvery  down,  interpet- 
iolar  bracts  triangular,  stipules  linear,  pointed  (1  cm.),  usually  of  the 
length  of  the  leaf  stem  from  the  axil  to  the  first  jugae.  Leaf  sensitive, 
closing  slowly  but  too  quickly  to  be  flat  in  the  collecting  papers,  3-5 
cm.  long,  stem  densely  silvery-tomentose,  leaflets  8-jugal  densely 
tomentose  above  and  below,  flowers  all  terminal,  the  peduncles 
during  anthesis  the  length  of  the  leaves,  but  in  mature  fruit  only 
one  half  the  length.  Flowers  bright  chrome  (Prang  YYO)  closing 
early  in  the  sun,  about  half  the  size  of  those  of  T.  cistoides,  anthers 
twice  the  size.  Pistil  clothed  with  long,  straight  hyaline  setae  which 
persist  even  on  the  fully  ripe  fruit.  Ripe  fruit  about  one-half  the  size 
of  that  of  T.  cistoides,  carpids  truncate,  somewhat  tuberculate,  median 
ridge  prominent,  4-6  spined,  the  main  pair  divergent,  the  apical  pair 
very  short,  the  median  pair  situated  near  the  commissure  on  the 
median  line  of  the  margins,  one  or  both  spines  of  the  median  pair  fre- 
quently wanting.  This  species  has  probably  developed  its  special 
characters  through  its  environment  from  a  parentage  in  T.  cistoides, 
to  which  one  of  its  leafy  branches,  if  taken  alone,  will  bear  a  close 
gross  resemblance;  the  whole  plant,  however,  in  its  long,  tangled^ 
jointed,  woody  branches  and  mass  growth,  is  clearly  distinct. 


March,  1900.         Plantve  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  55 

A  large  mass  of  this  species  occupies  the  south  center  of  Allison 
Island  where  its  ligneous  stems  and  branches  constitute  the  sole  mate- 
rial with  which  the  colony  of  frigate-birds  here  construct  their  large 
nests  (1766).  Quite  a  large  area  of  the  species  occupies  a  partly  bare 
spot  on  the  west  center  of  Pajaros  Island,  which,  though  much  fre- 
quented by  the  frigate-bird,  is  not  used  as  a  nesting  ground  (1758). 
A  small  number  of  scattered  individuals  are  to  be  found  on  Perez 
Island,  which  appears  to  be  shunned  by  all  the  sea  birds  of  the  other 
islands  (1752).  Chica  Island,  though  much  frequented  by  the  frigate- 
bird,  failed  to  yield  a  single  specimen  of  the  plant. 

Tribulus  cistoides  Linn.  Sp.  PL  387. 

Prevalent  upon  the  upper  sands  of  the  beach  at  Progreso,  Yuca- 
tan (1737),  but  especially  so  in  the  clear  sand  of  the  city  lots.  Care- 
ful search  of  the  Caymans,  Isle  of  Pines,  Cape  Corientes  and  Cozu- 
mel  failed  to  reveal  this  species.  Neither  Mr.  Fawcett  nor  Mr. 
Hitchcock  have  found  it  on  the  Caymans,  nor  Dr.  Gaumer  on  Cozumel. 

RUTACE.E. 

Esenbeckia  pentaphylla  (Macf.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  135. 

Galipea  Macf.  Woodlands  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1475),  in 
fruit  only.      Leaflets  7.5  x  3.2  cm.  mostly  in  threes,  rarely  in  fives. 

Zanthoxylum  emarginatum  (Sw.)  Sw.  Fl.  Ind.  Occ.  1:572. 

Fagara  Sw.  Tobinia  Desv.  Sapindus  Spinosus  (Linn.)  Rocky 
woodlands  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1274). 

SIMARUBACE.F. 

Suriana  maritima  Linn.  Sp.  PL,  284. 

Islets  in  Hamilton  Bay,  Bermuda  (69),  shrubs,  small  clusters  of 
fruit  very  large.  South  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (644)  and  on 
Ratones  Island  (655),  Porto  Rico.  Shores  of  Santiago  Bay,  Cuba 
(1022),  fruit  clusters  meager.  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae,  leaves  very 
short,  neither  in  flower  nor  fruit  (1151);  the  plant  is  here  called 
"Juniper,"  and  an  infusion  of  the  bark  is  drunk  as  a  cure  for  tooth- 
ache. Shore  near  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1253)  similar  to  the 
plants  of  Cayman  Brae.  Rocky  shores  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of 
Pines  (1430),  leaves  short  and  broad,  flowers  small.  East  shore  Coz- 
umel (1587),  branches  nude,  leaves  in  tufts  at  tips.  Shore  line  of 
Progreso,  Yucatan  (1649),  very  leafy.  Fringing  the  open  sea  beach 
of  the  west  shore  of  Perez  Island,  Alacran  Shoals  (1748),  low  and 
straggling.  (See  description  of  shoal  in  Part  II  of  this  publication.) 
A  single  plant  not  over  four  years  old  at  the  southeast  point  of 
Pajaros  Island,  left  undisturbed. 

Alvaradoa  amorphoides  Liebm.  Kjoeb.  Vid.  Med.  1853:  100. 

Woods  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1282),  one  tree  only 
noted,  a  female,  about  25  feet  high.  Plentiful  at  Chichen  Itza, 
Yucatan,  where  it  is  called  by  the  Yucatecans  "Palo  de  Ormigas  " 
or  "Wood  of  the  Ants,"  and  by  the  Mayas  Xbexinic-che,  conveying 
the  same  idea. 


56  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

BURSERACE.E. 

BURSERA  GUMMIFERA  Linn.    Sp.    PI.    471. 

Bursera  Simaruba  Sarg.  Island  of  Culebras,  infrequent,  Peder- 
nales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines,  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba,  center  of  Island 
Cozumel,  and  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan. 

MELIACE.E. 

Melia  Azedarach  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  384. 

Cultivated  or  escaped  to  fence  rows  and  opens  suburbs  of  San 
Domingo  (788);  center  of  Island,  Grand  Cayman  (1354);  and  San 
Miguel,  Cozumel  (1573).    Catano  (173)  and  Guanica  (749),  Porto  Rico. 

Cedrela  odorata  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x:  940. 

Plentiful  in  woodlands  throughout  the  peninsula  of  Yucatan. 
Plate  xliii. 

MALPIGHIACE.E. 

Tetrapteris  Mexicana  H.  &  A.  Bot.  Beechy.  281. 

In  fruit  only.      San  Miguel,  Island  of  Cozumel  (1484). 

Stigmaphyllon  Sagraeanum  A.  Juss.  Arch.  Mus.  Par.  3:  379. 

Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (400).  Leaves  oblong-lanceolate 
cordate,  apiculate  5-7x1-2  cm.,  densely  and  strongly  reticulate. 
Fields  near  El  Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1036),  leaves  oblong  trun- 
cate, apiculate  4-5x1.5-2.5  cm.  Port  of  Ponce,  Porto  Rico  (662); 
and  Culebras  Island  (599),  leaves  ovate  sub-cordate,  apiculate  4-5  x 
2.7-3  cm- 

Stigmaphyllon  emarginatum  (Cav.)  A.  Juss.  loc.  cit.  382. 

Banisteria  Cav.  A  small  and  somewhat  depauperate  specimen 
gathered  in  the  environs  of  San  Domingo  city  (835). 

Stigmaphyllon  diversifolium  (Kunth.)  A.  Juss.  loc.  cit.  381. 

Banisteria  Kunth.  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (262),  the  large,  broad 
ovate  leaved  form  (11.5-14x7-8.5  cm.)  similar  to  Sintenis  3843  from 
Guanica.  Shores  of  the  bay  at  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1010),  the  small, 
narrowly  oblong-linear  leaved  form  like  Wright's  2154,  2I55>  Cuba, 
leaves  3.5-4  x  .6-1  cm.  Isle  of  Pines  at  Pedernales  Point  (1419)5 
leaves  oval  67  x  2.5-3.5  cm. 

POLYGALACE.E. 

Polygala  paniculata  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x,  1154. 

Plentiful  in  dry  rocky  soils  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (316). 
Simple  or  greatly  branching,  strict,  racemes  slender,   many  flowered. 

Polygala  angustifolia  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  5:405. 

Dry  soil  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (464),  rare,  only 
one  specimen  seen. 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  57 

EUPHORBIACE.E. 

Phyllanthus  Carolinensis  Walt.  Fl.  Carol.,  228. 

Paths  and  old  gardens  near    San  Miguel,  Cozumel   (1487,  1488). 

Phyllanthus  Niruri  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  981. 

Dry  sandy  banks,  walks  and  roadsides  near  Caguas  (223),  Baya- 
mon  (320),  and  Guanica  (729),  Porto  Rico;  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (499,  502);  south  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (1778);  Port 
Antonio,  Jamaica  (938);  Bodden  Bay  road  (1339),  and  in  the  center 
of  the  island  (1363),  Grand  Cayman;  and  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel 
(1468). 

Drypetes  glauca  Vahl.  Eclog.  3:49? 

Seaside  shrub  near  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (265).  In  our  speci- 
mens, as  in  those  of  several  South  Florida  collectors,  the  leaves 
are  ovate  and  the  margins  strongly  crenate-dentate  with  long,  sharp 
holly-like  spines  terminating  the  teeth.  Our  plants  being  in  leaf 
only,  farther  discriminating  characters  are  wanting  to  settle  upon 
the  specific  nature  of  this  form. 

Croton  Astroites  Dryand  Ait.  Hort.  Kew.  3:  375. 

Mountain  woods  back  of  Charlotte   Amalia,   St.    Thomas   (372,  S 

392,  448,  463),  where  it  is  called  "White  Maran,"  and  south  shores 
of  Culebras  Island  (605). 

Croton  balsamifer  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.  32. 

Hillsides  facing  the  bay  of  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (761). 

Croton  betulinus  Vahl.  Symb.  Bot.  2:98. 

Old  pastures  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (462). 

Croton  Cascarilla  (L.)  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  2:  1423. 

Clutia  Cascarilla  Linn.  Dry  banks  west  of  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (986).  Leaves  oblong  or  oblong-spatulate,  slightly  emargi- 
nate  2.5  x  1  cm. 

Croton  Cascarilla  linearis  (Jacq.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  28. 

Croton  linearis  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.  32.  Upper  beach  of  the 
seashore  at  the  southwest  point  of  Cayman  Brae  (1217),  and  at  Spot 
Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1312). 

Croton  Trinitatis  nom.  nov. 

Geiseleria  chamcedryfolia  Klot.  Hook.  Lond.  Jour.  Bot.  2:47.  C 
chamczdryfolius  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  41  (1864)  non  Lam.  Ency. 
2:214  (x786).  Both  Klotzsch's  and  Grisebach's  names  having 
already  been  used  in  this  genus,  I  have  returned  the  species  to  its 
original  geographic  station,  the  Trinity  Islands.  Seashore  dunes  at 
Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (280). 

Croton  ciliato-glandulosus  Ortega  Hort.  Matr.  51. 
Sea  shores  east  side  of  Cozumel  Island  (1593)- 

Croton  discolor  Willd.  Sp.  PI.  4:  582. 

A  straggling  shrub  on  the  south  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (758). 


58  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Croton  flavens  Linn.  PI.  Jam.  Pugill.  28. 

Sea  shores  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (377,  378,, 
533,  538),  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (615),  and  dry  scrubland 
south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1664). 

Croton  lobatus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1005. 

Open  woodlands  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (461). 

Croton  lucidus  Linn.  PL  Jam.  Pugill.  28. 

Sea  shores  and  borders  of  brackish  lagoons:  Guanica,  Porto 
Rico  (692);  base  of  Morro  Hill,  bay  of  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1099);  and 
southwest  point  of  Cayman  Brae  (1199,  1204,  1206,  1216). 

Croton  maritimus  Walt.  Fl.  Carol.  239. 

Clear  sand  of  the  sea  beach  only,  at  Progreso,  Yucatan,  1727. 

Croton  ovalifolius  Vahl.  in  West.  Bidr.  Ste-Croix,  307. 

Very  plentiful  and  variable  in  leaf  form,  along  roadsides  and  in 
pastures   about    Charlotte  Amalia,   St.   Thomas  (388,    468,   473,  478^ 

537)- 

Argithamnia  candicans  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  39. 

Dunes  of  the  seashore  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (273,  274). 

Mercurialis  annua  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1035. 

Roadsides  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (89,  108). 

Bernardia  Bernardia  (Linn.)  comb.  nov. 

Adelia  Bernardia  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x:  1298.  B.  dkhotoma  MuelL 
Arg.  Linn.  34:  172.  B.  carpinifolia  Griseb.  Fl.  Brit.  W.  I.  45.  Among 
other  seashore  shrubbery  north  of  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman 
(1265). 

Acalypha  alopecuroidea  Jacq.  Ic.  Rar.  3:19. 

Waste  grounds  near  San  Domingo  city  (773);  San  Juan  Hill> 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (1046);  and  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (i544)» 
where  it  is  called  X-nix-kax,  <<  Clinging-bunch,"  from  its  dense  fasi- 
culate  growth. 

Tragia  urtic,efolia  Michx.  Fl.  Bor.  Am.  2:176. 

Among  shrubbery  and  herbage  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (696,  762). 

Tragia  volubilis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  980. 

Climbing  among  low  shrubbery  along  roadsides  near  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (457,  460).      South  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (606). 

Ricinus  communis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1007. 

Thoroughly  naturalized  in  all  open  situations  at  Guanica,  Porto 
Rico  (711);  environs  of  San  Domingo  city;  center  of  the  island  of; 
Grand  Cayman  (1389),  and  on  Cozumel  Island. 

Aleurites  Moluccana  (L.)  Willd.  Spec.  4:590. 

Jatropha  Linn.  A.  triloba  Forst.  Old  garden  on  the  Bodden  Bay 
road,  Grand  Cayman  (1337),  where  it  is  called  "walnut"  and  used  as, 
an  emetic. 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  59 

Manihot  Manihot  (Linn.)  Cockl.  Bull.  Torr.  Club.  19:95. 

In  an  old  fallow  field  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (136),  and  in  a 
cultivated  field  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1293). 

Jatropha  curcas  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1006. 

Old  field  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (187). 

Jatropha  gossypifolia  Linn.  loc.  cit. 

Old  fields  at  Caguas  (225)  and  Guanica  (724),  Porto  Rico;  near 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (442),  and  in  the  environs  of  San 
Domingo  city  (873). 

Jatropha  urens  stimulosa  (Michx.)  Muell.  de  C.  Prod.  15:1101. 

Jatropha  stimulosa  Michx.  Frequent  in  the  arid  stony  scrub- 
lands south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1662). 

Jatropha  Portoricensis  sp.  nov.     Plate  lxii. 

§  Curcas  §§  Loureira.  Leaves  strongly  peltate,  trifid,  circular 
at  the  base,  the  lobes  fusiform  pointed,  sinus  rounded,  margins  entire; 
glaucous  beneath,  polished  above;  stipules  subulate,  early  decidu- 
ous ;  petioles  nearly  or  quite  as  long  as  the  limb  ;  cymes  tri-dichoto- 
mous,  bracts  small  deltoid,  acuminate  ;  male  calyx  segments  ovate 
acute,  petals  somewhat  spatulate  obtuse  nearly  free  below,  female 
calyx  caryophyllous  tube  thrice  the  length  of  the  male  ;  stamens  10, 
the  5  inferior  free  and  shorter  than  the  connate  interior  5  whose  fila- 
ments are  united  for  the  lower  two-thirds,  anthers  all  alike  ;  ovary 
smooth  apparently  three  ridged,  styles  united  only  at  the  base,  stig- 
mas binate  claveate.      Fruit 

A  tall  shrubby  form,  strict  and  glabrous,  branches  wine-colored 
below,  lurid  toward  the  young  tips;  leaves  10-13  cm-  broad,  10-1 1  cm. 
long,  petioles  8-9  cm.  long;  main  peduncle  3  cm.  long,  branching 
2-4  cm.,  cyme  about  12  cm.  broad.  The  species  differs  from  J.  her- 
nandiaefolia  Vent,  in  its  leaves  being  all  trifid  with  entire  margins,  its 
short  peduncle,  acute  calyx  segments  and  general  habit. 

Dry  hillside  on  the  shore  of  the  bay  of  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (700). 

Omphalandria  linearibracteata  sp.  nov. 

Bracts  narrowly  linear  apiculate,  not  revolute  margined,  thrice  as 
long  as  their  petioles,  biglandular  at  the  attenuate  base,  cymes  tri- 
dichotomous  densiflorous,  stamineal  column  triantherous  at  the 
dilated  apex,  ovary  glabrous,  with  a  cluster  of  three  ovoid  nectaries 
at  the  base,  inflorescence  scattered-pilose.  Stipules  large,  foliacious 
biglandular  as  in  the  leaves. 

A  thick-stemmed  fleshy  shrub  about  2  meters  high,  branching  at 
the  top.  Stipules  a  counterpart  of  the  leaves  5x7  cm.;  leaves 
broadly  ovate,  some  sagittate,  obtuse,  deeply  cordate  pinnately  (7-8 
jugae)  veined,  22  cm.  long  by  16-18  cm.  broad,  densely  papillate 
above,  finely  and  densely  short-pilose  beneath;  venation  densely 
reticulated  beneath,  all  the  veins  flat  as  if  compressed  :  glands  2, 
large,  mammiliform  6  mm.  in  diameter,  close  to  the  base  of  the  leaf, 
petiole  10  cm.  long,  broadened  at  the  base.  Inflorescence  thyrsoidal 
34-36  cm.  long,  basal  branches  7-12  cm.  long,  main  peduncle  8  mm. 
thick;  bracts  linear  3-6  cm.  long,  petioles  filiform  1-2  cm.  long. 


•" 


60  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Apparently  between  O.  commutata  (Muell.)  Ktze.  and  O.  tricho- 
toma  (Muell.)  Ktze.,  differing  from  both  in  its  linear  bracts,  flat 
veins,  thyrsoid  inflorescence,  and  general  characters. 

Flat  sandy  fields  near  the  coast  at  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  (1462). 

Euphorbia  buxifolia  Lam.,  Diet,  ii;  421. 

A  very  large  number  of  examples  of  this  species  were  collected 
and  a  still  greater  number  examined  in  the  field,  from  which  the  fol- 
lowing characters  are  drawn: 

E.  glabrata  Sw.  Prodr.  76,  E.  littoralis  Kth.,  H.  B.  K.,  Nov.  Gen. 
et  Sp.  ii.  44;  E.  salina  Willd.  in  Hb.,  E.  mesembrianthemifolia  Jacq. 
Stirp.  Am.  151.  Suffruticose,  glabrous;  leaves  sarcous,  ovate, 
pointed,  entire;  lower  stipules  deltoid,  median  triangular,  those  of  the 
apical  leaves  generally  geminate,  all  more  or  less  fringed  or  long 
setose-fimbriate.  Involucres  few  at  the  apices  of  the  branchlets, 
turbinate,  smooth  without  and  within,  glands  4  concave,  appendages 
white,  longer  than  broad,  margin  entire  or  tending  toward  crenation, 
lobes  triangular-truncate,  mostly  bifid  at  the  apex,  the  two  flanking 
the  sulcus  broader  and  3-8  fimbriate,  fifth  gland  replaced  by  a  deep 
sulcus  from  which  rises  a  long  narrow  digit-like  process  of  the  invol- 
ucre (false  lobe).  Seeds  1.4  mm.  long,  1.1  mm.  broad,  ashen,  nearly 
globular,  the  lateral  and  dorsal  angles  being  barely  raised  above  the 
plane  of  the  facets,  dorsal  facets  plainly  but  slightly  transverse  anasto- 
mo-rugose,  ventral  markings  the  same  but  slighter.  Shores  of  islets, 
Hamilton  Bay,  Bermuda  (6.10).  Sea  shore  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico 
*  (276);  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (494);   Ratones   Island,  Port   of 

Ponce  (658),  and  shores  of  Port  of  Ponce  (670,  671),  Porto  Rico;  east 
shore  of  Cozumel  Island  (1591);  shores  at  Progreso,  Yucatan  (  1646); 
Perez,  Allison  and  Pajaros  Islands,  Alacran  Shoals  (1751,  1761),  Is^e 
of  Pines,  Cuba  (1432). 

Forma  reclinata:  Similar  to  the  species  but  nearly  prostrate  in 
habit,  with  larger  and  broader  leaves,  broader  blepharose  stipules 
and  shorter  and  denser  branchlets.  Perez,  Pajaros  and  Allison 
Islands,  Alacran  Shoals  (1739,  1763,  1769). 

Forma  seminuda:  Similar  to  the  species  but  with  long,  nearly 
nude,  zig-zag  stem  and  branches,  internodes  1  to  2  cm.  long,  branch- 
lets  leafy,  stipules  as  in  the  previous  form  but  narrower.  Perez 
Island,  Alacran  Shoals  (1738%  1742). 

Forma  florida:  Similar  to  the  last  but  with  very  small  leaves  on 
the  branchlets  which  are  so  densely  crowded  with  flowers  and  fruits 
as  to  appear  like  capitate  clusters  protruding  from  the  bare  branches. 
East  shores  of  Cozumel  Island  (1589);  Perez,  Chico  and  Pajaros 
Islands,  Alacran  Shoals  (1738,  1739,  1747,  1751,  1762). 

Euphorbia  buxifolia  flexuosa  (Kth.)  Boiss.,  in  de  C.  Prod,  xv:  15. 

Plant  pale  green,  stems  flexuous,  with  comparatively  long  inter- 
nodes. Stipules  deltoid  broad  at  the  base,  shallow-fringed  at  the 
apex;  leaves  oval-oblong  or  ovate,  cordate-auriculate  at  the  base,  the 
majority  of  them  showing  a  tendency  to,  or  actually  slight  denticu- 
late at  the  apex,  barely   mucronulate.      Involucres  sparse,  somewhat 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  61 

larger  than  in  the  species  and  hairy  within,  lobes  broadly  deltoid 
ciliate,  appendages  creamy,  larger  than  in  the  species,  somewhat 
flabelliform  and  more  sarcous.  Seeds  1.2  mm.  x  .9  mm.  {smaller 
than  in  the  species),  the  reticulations  much  more  strongly  marked. 
Southwest  Point,  and  southern  shores  of  Cayman  Brae  (1196,  1233). 
Scattered  and  infrequent. 

Euphorbia  buxifolia  ramosissima  var.  nov. 

Erect,  profusely  short  branched  from  the  base  appearing  like  a 
ball  when  growing.  Leaves  exceeding  numerous,  small,  7  x  3.5  mm. 
obliquely  auriculate-cordate  at  base,  absolutely  entire  at  the  simply 
acute  apex.  Involucres  usually  sparse,  pedicels  as  long  or  longer 
than  the  involucre  which  is  of  the  size  of  the  species,  glands  smaller, 
appendages  larger,  hairiness  of  internal  surface  of  involucre  pro- 
nounced but  not  so  marked  as  in  var.  flexuosa  Boiss.  Seeds  1  x  .7 
mm.  smaller  than  the  species  or  var.  flexuosa,  dorsal  angle  forming  a 
prominent  keel,  reticulations  barely  visible.  The  Creek,  Cayman 
Brae  (1180),  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1262).  Not  plentiful  at 
either  place. 

All  the  forms  of  E.  buxifolia  prefer  a  locality  where  the  wind 
sweeps  free  from  the  open  sea.  They  are  rarely  found  at  all  on  the 
sandy  shores  of  bays  or  straits.  Careful  search  of  the  shores  of  San- 
tiago and  San  Juan  bays  failed  to  yield  a  single  specimen. 

Euphorbia  pilulifera  L.,  Am.  Ac.  3:114. 

The  usual  erect  form  with  broad  and  large  leaves  was  taken  at 
Catano,   Porto    Rico  (329),  and  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (489,      \/ 
490);  and  the  narrower  leaved  form  having  a  tendency  to  being  simple 
stemmed,  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (1775);  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(426,  396),  and  San  Domingo  (846). 

Euphorbia  pilulifera  discolor  Engelm.,  Bot.  Mex.  Bound.  188. 

Although  included  under  the  species  by  Boissier,  1  consider  this 
form  of  sufficient  persistence  to  constitute  a  good  variety,  with  its 
lurid-maculate  leaves,  extreme  obliquity  of  leaf  base,  and  ascending 
habit.  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1063)  and  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (949).  A 
form  of  this  variety  having  all  the  characters  except  the  maculation 
was  taken  at  Cayman  Brae  (1175). 

Euphorbia  pilulifera  procumbens  Boiss.,  in  de  C.  Prod.  xv:2i. 

This  pronounced  variety  with  its  bifurcating  branchlets,  small 
short-petioled  strigose-hairy  leaves,  taken  at  Hamilton, Bermuda  (124); 
Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1292,  1298,  1213),  and  on  Culebras  Island 
(567),  where  it  is  very  plentiful  in  the  open  grounds  near  the  little  set- 
tlement on  the  south  shore. 

Euphorbia  Cozumelensis  sp.  nov.     Plate  lxiii. 

Annual,  prostrate,  or  erect  when  growing  among  grasses,  glab- 
rous; stems  many,  ligneous,  internodes  short;  stipules  deltoid  lace- 
rate on  the  outer  margin;  stems  and  branches  densely  leafy,  leaves 
oval  or  ovate,  strongly  oblique,  and  sharply  dentate,  especially  at  the 
apex  and  along  the  lower  margin,  mostly  lurid  above  and  pale  whitey- 
green  beneath.      Inflorescence  in  sessile  few  flowered  terminal  clus- 


62  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

ters;  involucres  subsessile,  turbinate,  lobes  triangular  margined  with 
a  fringe  of  long  strict  white  hairs;  glands  4,  elliptical,  pale  green, 
appendages  bright  red  or  lurid,  the  margin  entire,  the  two  flanking 
the  sulcus  larger,  fifth  gland  replaced  by  a  deep  triangular  sulcus  in 
the  involucre.  Capsule  smooth,  deeply  trisulcate;  carpids  strongly 
angled;  seeds  pink-ashen  .8  x  .65  mm.,  strongly  triangular  with  a 
sharp  dorsal  ridge;  facets  all  convex,  anastomosingly  and  interrupt- 
edly transverse  ridged,  two  main  ridges  on  the  ventral  and  four  on 
the  dorsal  facets. 

Branches  of  the  prostrate  plants  10-18  cm.,  of  the  ascending 
20-36  cm.  long;  leaves  at  the  nodes  8-10  x  6-7  mm.,  internodes  1-2 
cm.,  petioles  1.5-2  mm.,  involucres  1.5  mm.  This  species  appears 
to  connect  E.  Berteriana  Balb.  with  E.  capitellata  Eng.,  both  of 
which  are  hirtellate  and  have  widely  differing  characters.  The  spe- 
cies grows  luxuriantly  in  the  grass  of  the  southwestern  and  northern 
shores  of  the  Island  of  Cozumel  and  in  the  sands  of  the  northeastern 
point  (1604,  1605.  1606,  1608,  1609,  161 1,  a  fine  series  of  varying 
habit).     Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  No.  61606. 

Euphorbia  Cozumelensis  pilosulca  var.  nov. 

Differs  from  the  species  in  its  open  lax  growth,  long  internodes, 
larger  nodal  leaves,  white  glandular  appendages,  larger  brownish-red 
seeds  with  concave  facets,  and  the  presence  of  long,  straight  hairs  in 
the  sulci  of  the  capsules.  A  very  strongly  characterized  variety  12-35 
cm.  growth,  internodes  2.5-4.5  cm.,  nodal  leaves  11-15  x  7-10  mm., 
petioles  2-3  mm.,  seeds  .9  x  .7  mm.,  the  facets  marked  as  in  the  spe- 
cies. West  shore  of  Cozumel  in  sand  at  the  base  of  coco  trees  near 
the  village  of  San  Miguel  (1501,  1502). 

Euphorbia  crassinodis  Urban  Symb.  Antill.  1:340. 

Type  collected  in  Cuba  by  Wright,  No:  2014,  placed  under  E. 
serpens  by  Grisebach  in  his  Cat.  20;  the  following  characters  drawn 
from  the  type  kindly  communicated  to  me  by  Prof.  Urban,  should 
be  added  to  his  description: 

Involucral  lobes  entire  except  the  pair  flanking  the  sulcus,  which 
are  each  one-papillate  on  the  margin  toward  the  sulcus;  the  pilosity 
of  the  involucre  is  not  constant;  glands  4,  sub-equal,  those  nearest 
the  sulcus  larger,  and  larger  appendaged;  appendages  small,  erose- 
margined;  fifth  gland  represented  by  a  long  slender  awn-like  pro- 
longation of  the  involucral  tissue  at  the  base  of  the  sulcus.  Cap- 
sule* smooth,  deeply  triculcate,  carpids  sharply  red-keeled;  seeds 
smooth,  pinkish,  .85X.65  mm.,  obtusely  triangular,  the  dorsal  angle 
the  sharpest,  facets  all  convex. 

The  affinity  of  this  species  is  to  E.  serpens  H.  B.  K.      My  speci 
mens  were  collected  in  the  cracks  of  the  masonry  of  the  range  roof 
Morro  Castle,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1061). 

Euphorbia  pileoides  sp.  nov.     Plate  lxiv. 

Annual,  prostrate,  glabrous  throughout;  stems  and  branches  at- 
tenuate; stipules  blepharose  on  the  upper  surface  of  the  branchlets,  tri- 
angular or  deltoid  underneath,   margin  papyraceous   entire  erose  or 

♦The  following  characters  drawn  from  plants  of  my  collection. 


March,  igoo.         Plants  Utowanje — Millspaugh.  63 

somewhat  denticulate;  leaves  small,  broadly  ovate  to  orbicular, 
entire,  oblique  cordate,  retuse,  mucronulate,  somewhat  sarcous.  In- 
florescence single  in  the  upper  axils  of  the  branchlets;  involucre 
minute  a  mere  expansion  of  the  apex  of  the  short  thick  pedicel; 
lobes  triangular,  the  apices  prolonged  beyond  the  glandular  append- 
ages, entire  except  the  two  flanking  the  rudimentary  fifth  gland, 
which  are  2-dentate  on  each  side;  glands  minute,  transversely  oval, 
plicate,  raised  on  a  short  pedicel;  appendages  white,  scant,  three- 
crenate;  fifth  gland  represented  by  an  aristate  prolongation  of  the 
involucral  tissue  as  long  as  the  true  lobes.  Capsule  smooth  shal- 
lowly  three-sulcate;  carpids  round  angled;  seeds  pink,  triangular 
1  x  .8  mm.,  the  dorsal  angle  the  most  prominent,  dorsal  facets  strongly 
-convex,   ventral  concave,  all  smooth  and  devoid  of  markings. 

Stems  20-30  cm.  long,  branches  3-5  cm.,  internodes  1.5  cm., 
nodal  leaves  3x2.5-3  mm.,  involucres  .5-. 75  mm.  General  habit  that 
of  Pilea  muscosa,  related  to  E.  serpens  radicans  and  E.  crassinodis 
from  which  it  differs  in  its  thicker  retuse  leaves,  involucral  charac- 
ters and  larger  seeds.  Type  from  roadsides  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico 
(743),  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  No.  60743. 

Euphorbia  Andromedae  sp.  now     Plate  Ixv. 

Annual,  prostrate,  glabrous,  with  an  almost  inextricable  mass  of 
short  stems  and  'branches  proceeding  from  the  crown  of  the  root- 
stalk,  internodes  short;  stipules  deltoid  the  free  margin  cut  into 
from  3-5  teeth;  leaves  oval  to  nearly  orbicular,  the  base  cordate  and 
unequal,  the  apex  rounded,  blunt  serrate  especially  about  the  apex, 
petioles  about  one-quarter  the  length  of  the  leaf.  Inflorescence 
single  in  the  axils  of  the  upper  leaves;  involucres  campanulate,  pedi- 
cel about  one-third  the  length  of  the  tube;  lobes  dentiform  entire 
except  the  two  flanking  the  sulcus  each  of  which  have  a  lateral 
tooth  on  the  approximate  margins;  glands  minute  transverse-oval, 
appendages  oval  entire,  the  two  next  the  sulcus  larger;  fifth  gland 
represented  by  a  tooth-like  prolongation  of  the  involucral  tissue  at 
the  base  of  the  shallow  sulcus.  Capsule  smooth,  deeply  tri-sulcate; 
carpids  sharply  keeled;  seeds  reddish-brown  .8x.6  mm.,  bluntly  tri- 
angular, all  the  facets  convex  and  slightly  roughened  by  minute 
anastomosing  ridges,  ventral  furrow  deep. 

Near  E.  serpens  H.  B.  K.  The  species  differs  from  E.  crassi- 
nodis Urb.  in  its  leaves,  the  length  of  the  false  gland,  the  entire 
appendages,  and  particularly  in  the  seeds.  Stems  and  branches 
4-8  cm.  long;  larger  leaves  2.5-3  rnm.  Found  growing  in  the  bot- 
tom of  shallow  and  deep  pockets  in  the  coral  sea  wall  at  Cape  Cor- 
ientes,  Cuba,  within  the  reach  of  the  spray  of  the  waves  at  high 
tide  (1466).      Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  No.  61466. 

Euphorbia  articulata  Aubl.  PI.  Guin.  1:480. 

E.  linearis  Retz.  (E.  articulata  Anderss.  Vet.  Akad.  Handl. 
Stockh.  1853  (i855):236  from  the  Galapagos  Islands  is  another  spe- 
cies: E.  Anderssonii  nom.  nov.)  Upper  leaves  ovate  terminating 
the  branchlets,  the  others  ovate-lanceolate  to  lanceolate-linear,  all 
apiculate  and  oblique  at  the  base,  the  ovate  small  .8-1  x. 6  cm., 
the  ovate-lanceolate    1.6X.7    cm.,    the  linear   4X.6    cm.      Santurce, 


64  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Porto  Rico  (1776,  275  pt.).  Specimens  from  the  south  coast  of 
Culebras  Island  (1781,  625  pt.)  have  narrower  leaves,  but  all  the  char- 
acters of  the  species.  Specimens  with  very  long  leaves  5-6  x. 6  cm. 
from  the  sandy  sea  beach  west  of  Port  of  Ponc£,  Porto  Rico  (675). 
In  this  species  the  lobes  of  the  involucre  are  almost  without  special 
form,  being  involved  in  the  structure  of  the  hairy  ring  that  surrounds 
the  internal  involucral-margin;  in  our  specimens  the  glands  have  no 
vestige  of  appendages,  the  fifth  gland  is  replaced  by  a  very  slight 
sulcus  flanked  by  two  larger  involucral  lobes  (?).  The  seeds  are 
ovate  2. 1  x  1.3  mm.,  apiculate,  the  dorsal  angle  obsolete,  all  facets, 
scrobiculate. 

Euphorbia  Armourii  Millsp.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Bot.    1:28,  pi.  2. 

Open  glade  beyond  (east  of)  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1569,  1570). 
Of  these  specimens  1569  corresponds  exactly  with  the  type  while 
1570  has  minute  leaves  4-6x3-4  mm.,  and  the  general  habit  appear- 
ance of  E.  astroites  F.  &  M.,  but  with  seeds  and  involucres  typical 
of  Armourii.  This  species  is  clearly  distinct  from  E.  ocymoidea  L. 
to  which  it  bears  a  close  habit  resemblance. 

Euphorbia  Mayana  Millsp.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Bot    1:304,  pi.  16. 

Chichen  Itza,  the  ancient  capital  city  of  the  sacred  Mayan  ltzae^ 
Yucatan  (1619).  The  plants  of  this  collection  agree  exactly  with  the 
type. 

Euphorbia  petiolaris  Sims  Bot.  Mag.  t.  883. 

Waste  grounds  in  the  suburbs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(477);  and  in  maritime  thickets  along  the  south  shore  of  Culebras 
Island  (603). 

Euphorbia  heterophylla  Linn.  Am.  Acad.  3U12. 

Borders  of  open  woods  and  in  fallow  fields  near  Walsingham, 
Bermuda  (87);  ditches  in  the  suburbs  of  San  Domingo  city  (844); 
about  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1504);  open  woods  Chichen  Itza,  Yuca- 
tan (1627,  1629);  and  fields  south  of  Progreso  (1680).  The  usual 
forms  of  the  species. 

Euphorbia  heterophylla  graminifolia  Engelm.  Bot.  Mex.  Bound.  190. 
Old  fallow  clearings  near  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (105);  suburban 
fields  San  Domingo  city  (841);  fallow  clearings  near  the  center  of 
the  island  of  Grand  Cayman  (1374);  a<-  Spot  Bay  (1783);  and  near 
Georgetown  (1394).  The  usual  form  of  this  variety  with  a  profusion 
of  linear-lanceolate  leaves  from  4.5-6.5  x  .6  cm. 

Euphorbia  heterophylla  cyathophora  (Murr.)  Boiss.  in  de  C.  Prod. 
15:262. 
Old  fields  suburbs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.   Thomas   (453),   and 
Catano,    Porto  Rico  (1774).      Leaves   all  cyathoform   from  the  base 
to  the  apical  inflorescence. 

Euphorbia  hypericifolia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  154. 

The  field  of  this  cruise  being  that  from  which  Linnaeus'  plants 
were  derived,  from  a  combination  of  several  forms  of  which  he 
formulated  the  type  description  of  this  species,  I  took  pains  to  gather 


V 


March,  1900.  Plan ,1.1    Uiowax.i: — Millspaugh.  65 

a  large  number  of  examples  of  the  following:  Walsingham  and 
Hamilton  roadsides,  Bermuda  (83,  1784);  borders  of  cultivated  fields 
Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (736,  753);  grassy  fields  and  roadsides  near 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (382,  430,  487,  493);  old  fields  south 
shore  of  Culebras  Island  (17771;  roadsides  and  railroad  beds  near 
Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (950,  972,  973,  998,  1785);  cultivated  ground 
and  grassy  fields  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1291,  1304);  and  an 
ill-kept  garden  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1546). 

Euphorbia  Brasiliensis  Lam  Encyc.  2:423. 

This  species  bears  a  very  close  habit  resemblance  to  the  preced- 
ing ;  it  is,  however,  readily  recognized  by  its  black  seeds.  Fields 
near  Caguas  and  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (247,  317);  grassy  places  near 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (398);  rich  soils  near  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (939,  943,  959),  and  dry  fields  at  El  Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba 

(i°34)- 

Euphorbia  Karwinskyi  Boiss.  Cent.  Euph.  6. 

Dry,  barren  opens  south  of  the  lagoon  at  Progreso,  Yucatan 
(1696).  In  this  species  the  involucre  (according  to  the  type  speci- 
men collected  "Mexico  and  Huajaca,  Karwinsky,")  is  hairy  exterior- 
ly, the  involucral  lobes  are  triangular-lanceolate,  the  glands  minute, 
the  fifth  being  replaced  by  an  obtriangular  sulcus  flanked  by  slightly 
enlarged  lobes,  the  appendages  are  minute  crenated  or  wanting,  and 
the  seeds  pink  or  salmon-color,  ovate-tetrangular  .9  x  .6  mm.,  the 
ventral  facets  slightly  4-rugose  transversely,  the  dorsal  still  more 
slightly  rugose,  and  the  angle  prominent. 

Euphorbia  stipitata  sp.  nov.     Plate  lxvi. 

Annual,  prostrate,  stems  and  branches  glabrous,  internodes  long, 
stipules  slender  cylindro-aristate  entire  ;  petioles  short,  leaves  all 
ovate-oblong,  cordate  and  strongly  oblique  at  the  base;  blunt  at  the 
apex,  pilose  beneath,  crenate-dentate  except  at  the  base.  Inflores- 
cence in  terminal  many-flowered  short  peduncled  cymose  clusters, 
pedicels  about  the  length  of  the  peduncle  and  the  involucre  ;  involu- 
cres hairy,  sub-campanulate  or  cylindro-campanulate,  lobes  triangu- 
lar very  hairy,  glands  4,  circular,  raised  on  long  stipes,  appendages 
small,  rounded,  white,  attached  to  the  stipe  beneath  and  a  little  below 
the  gland,  fifth  gland  represented  by  a  broad,  deep,  round-based  sul- 
cus. Capsules  pilose,  carpids  acute-angled,  seeds  pink-ashen  1.05  x 
.65  mm.,  bluntly  quadrangular,  the  dorsal  facets  plane,  the  ventral 
slightly  concave,  all  facets  slightly  marked  by  interlocking  (not  anas- 
tomosing) ridges. 

Stems  and  branches  glabrous  except  at  their  very  tips  18-30  cm. 
long,  internodes  3.5-4  cm.,  nodal  leaves  10-13  x  5~7  mm.,  involucres 
1  mm.  Related  to  E.  maculata  L. ,  from  which  it  differs  in  its  glab- 
rous stems,  immaculate  supra-glabrous  larger  leaves,  entire  cylindro- 
aristate  stipules,  and  strong  seed  characters.  Specimens  from  moist, 
sandy  pasture  field  near  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (1782).  Type  in  Field 
Col.  Mus.  Herb.  No.  61782. 

Euphorbia  Bermudiana  sp.  nov.     Plate  lxvii. 

Annual,  prostrate   with    the   general    habit   of   E.    maculata   L. , 


06  Field  Columbian   Museum — Botany,  Vol.  2. 

glabrous  throughout,  branches  densely  leafy;  stipules  all  triangular, 
the  sides  fimbriate,  the  apices  lacerate,  those  on  the  upper  side  of 
the  branches  tending  toward  bilobation  at  the  apex;  leaves  oval- 
oblong,  narrowed  at  the  oblique  base,  blunt  at  the  serrulate  apex. 
Inflorescence  solitary  in  the  axils  of  the  upper  leaves,  involucre 
glabrous,  short  pedicelled  tubulo-campanulate,  lobes  blunt-triangular 
papillate,  the  two  flanking  the  sulcus  larger;  glands  4,  small,  cupuli- 
form,  appendages  rudimentary  or  most  often  wanting,  fifth  gland 
replaced  by  a  thread-like  prolongation  of  the  involucral  tissue  at  the 
base  of  the  very  shallow  sulcus;  capsule  shallowly  trisulcate,  carpids 
bluntly  keeled;  seeds  brownish-red,  farinose,  quadrangular,  11  x.g 
mm.,  dorsal  facets  convex,  ventral  very  slightly  concave  ;  markings 
discernable,  but  too  slight  to  take  on  describable  form. 

Stems  and  branches  10-20  cm.,  internodes  8-10  mm.,  nodal 
leaves  5-8  x  3.5-4  mm.  This  species,  which  in  general  habit  closely 
resembles  E.  maculata  L. ,  is  probably  the  plant  reported  in  Ber- 
mudan  collections  as  that  species,  but  I  could  not  find  it  on  the 
islands.  JE.  Bermudiana  is  common  in  general,  but  especially  so  at 
Paget's  (2,  41),  on  the  islets  in  Hamilton  Bay  (7,  9),  and  about  Wal- 
singham  (101).  It  differs  from  E.  maculata  in  its  lack  of  hairiness, 
and  in  its  floral  and  seed  characters.  Type  in  Field  Col.  Mus. 
Herb.  No.  60101. 

Euphorbia  Blodgettii  (Engelm.  in  Herb.)  Hitch.  Rep.  Mo.  Bot.  Gard. 
1893:126. 

Type  collected  at  Key  West  by  Blodgett  and  distributed  as  E. 
incequilatera  by  Chapman.  Also  collected  in  South  Florida  by  Chap- 
man and  Curtiss,  and  on  Nassau,  Cat,  Eleuthera,  Crooked,  Fortune, 
Inagua,  Jamaica  and  Grand  Cayman  Islands  by  A.  S.  Hitchcock. 

The  following  characters,  in  addition  to  those  given  by  Hitch- 
cock, are  drawn  from  the  type:  Involucral  lobes  triangular-lanceolate, 
entire  though  appearing  fimbriate  on  account  of  their  large  hairs,  the 
two  lobes  flanking  the  sulcus  apparently  larger;  glands  4,  small  oval, 
their  appendages  various  in  form,  the  two  next  the  sulcus  always 
largest  and  usually  3-crenate  on  the  margin,  the  two  smaller  append- 
ages entire,  notched,  or  2-3-crenate  ;  the  fifth  gland  represented  by 
an  awn-shaped  prolongation  of  the  involucral  tissue  at  the  base  of  the 
obtuse  sulcus.  Seeds  red  pink,  farinose,  quadrangular  1  x.Smm., 
the  dorsal  facets  convex,  the  ventral  slightly  concave;  dorsal  facets 
very  slightly  marked  by  interlocking  transverse  ridges. 

Related  to  E.  stipitata  Millsp.,  from  which  its  characters  readily 
separate  it.  Sandy  paths  near  Georgetown  (1257,  1258),  Spot  Bay 
(13-14),  and  Bodden  Bay  Road  (1333),  Grand  Cayman. 

Euphorbia  prostrata  Ait.  Hort.  Kew.  ed.  1,  2:189. 

The  pilosity  of  the  angles  of  the  otherwise  smooth  pod  is  a  strik- 
ing characteristic  of  this  species  which  in  its  general  habit  might 
otherwise  be  mistaken  for  E.  maculata  L. 

To  the  characters  as  elaborated  by  Boissier  in  his  Cent.  Euph., 
the  following,  drawn  from  the  tvpe,  might  be  added:  Involucral  lobes 
bluntly  triangular,  papillate,  the  two  flanking  the  sulcus  generally 
larger,  glands  4,  small,  plicate,  appendages  rudimentary  or  wanting, 


March,  igoo.     .     Pi  w     i     Utowan/e — Millspaugh.  67 

fifth  gland  replaced  by  a  shallow  unoccupied  sulcus.  Seeds  pink- 
ashen,  sharply  triangular  . g  x  .6  mm.,  the  dorsal  facets  slightly  con- 
vex, the  ventral  as  slightly  concave,  all  marked  by  5-6  sharp  trans- 
verse ridges,  two  or  sometimes  three  of  which  anastomose,  and  all 
include  the  angles. 

Infrequent  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (114),  at  Catano,  Porto 
Rico  (334),  and  on  the  south  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (i77g). 

Euphorbia  pergamena  Small  Bull.  Torr.  Club,  25:615. 

Plentiful  at  the  base  of  trees,  stumps  and  stones  near  the  sea  at 
Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1436,  1442,  1443). 

The  following  characters  drawn  from  the  type,  Collected  at 
Miami,  Florida,  November,  1878,  by  Dr.  A.  P.  Garber  and  distribu- 
ted as  E.  albomarginata,  should  be  added  to  Dr.  Small's  description: 

Stipules  linear,  entire,  about  twice  the  length  of  the  petioles; 
fifth  gland  represented  by  a  broad  and  deep  triangular  sulcus  flanked 
by  larger  triangular  involucral  lobes,  and  the  glands  next  each  of 
these  lobes  long-appendaged  with  large  oblique  (auricular)  and  some- 
what irregularlv  crenate  appendages.  Seeds  ashen,  .85  x.6  mm., 
strongly  tetragono-pyramidal,  slightly  curved  ;  facets  transversely 
deep  4-sulcate  and  5-ridged,  the  ridges  affecting  the  angles. 

The  affinity  of  this  species  is  close  to  E.  adenoptera,  as  it  comes 
under  Boissier's  sub-section  ft  Involucri  appendices  superiores  {exteri- 
or es),  bince,  obliques,  auriformes,  duabus  inferioribus  multo  majores.  My 
specimens  from  the  Isle  of  Pines  differ  much  in -general  habit  among 
themselves  and  from  the  type,  and  the  leaves  are  considerably  less 
strongly  serrate,  yet  they  are  good  examples  of  the  species. 

Euphorbia  trichotoma  Kth.,  H.  B.  K. ,  Nov.  Gen.  2:60. 

The  true  form  of  the  species  very  bushy  and  exuberantly  leafy, 
making  a  compact  mass.  Involucres  scarce,  appearing  near  the  ends 
of  the  branchlets.  Leaves  thin,  spatulate,  serrate  at  the  blunt  apex  ; 
glands  large,  yellow,  ostreaform,  slightly  crenulate  on  the  free  mar- 
gin; lobes  deltoid,  slightly  hairy.  Capsules  minutely  tuberculate- 
scabrous.  Seeds  globular,  2x2  mm.,  the  surface  densely  covered 
with  very  minute  circular  maculae.  East  shore  of  Cozumel  Island, 
near  the  northeast  point  (1600),  and  the  north  and  south  shores  of 
Cayman  Brae  (1185,  1232);  not  found  elsewhere  on  the  coasts. 

Euphorbia  trichotoma  macilenta  var.  nov. 

Similar  to  the  species,  but  of  open,  scraggy  growth.  Leaves 
thicker,  appearing  like  those  of  E.  buxifolia;  serration  finer  and  less 
evident.  Seeds  triangulo-globular  1.9  x  1.8  mm.,  nearly  smooth  on 
all  facets.  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba,  rare  (1447,  1463);  east  shore  Cozu- 
mel Island,  rare  (1598). 

Euphorbia  Peplus  Linn.,  Sp.  658. 

Three  forms  of  this  species  exist  on  the  Bermudas,  the  one  branch- 
ing and  leafy  from  the  base  (Hamilton,  135);  another  with  a  nude 
main  stem  6-8  in.  long  and  with  the  umbellate  branches  nude  below 
and  small-leaved  above  (Walsingham,  73),  and  the  third  a  low  form 
with  lower  leaves  in  part  orbicular  broad,  and  shorter  petioled  than  in 


68  Field  Columbian   Museum — Botany,  Vol.    2. 

the  true  form  of  the  species  (E.  Pcplus  maritime/,  Boiss.  in  de  C.  Prod. 
xv:i4i  ?),  and  with  the  dorsal  facets  of  the  seeds  mostly  3  but  often 
abortively  4-pitted  (Pagets,  1).      Immigrants  from  Europe. 

Pedilanthus  tithymaloides  (L.)  Poit.  An.  Mus.  Par.  ig:t.  390. 

Euphorbia  Linn.       Hedgerows  about  an  old  cottage  at   Cataho, 
Porto  Rico  (157);  probably  introduced  at  this  place. 

Pedilanthus  nodiflorus  Millsp.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Bot.  1:305. 

Rocky  plain  south  of  the  lagoon  near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1667). 

ANACARDIACEyE. 

Comocladia  ilicifolia  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  17. 

On  rock-strewn  hillside  near  the  sea  on  south  shore  of  Culebras 
Island  (588).      Strictly  erect,  tree-like,  ends  of  branches  only  in  leaf. 

Anacardium  occidentals  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1:383. 

Fence  rows  bordering  estates  in  the  suburbs  of  San    Domingo 
(798,818).     Leaves  broadly  ovate,  notched  at  the  apex,  flower  clusters 


large. 


CELASTRACE.E. 


ELiEODENDRON  xylocarpum  (Vent.)  de  C.  Prod.  2:11. 

Cassine  xylocarpa  Vent.  Rocky  seashore  about  the  bay  at  Char- 
lotte Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (525),  where  it  is  known  as  the  "Spoon-tree." 

SAPINDACE.E. 

Se'rjania  lucida  Schum.  Skriv.  Nat.  Selsk.  Kjoeb.  3:128. 
v  Mountain  woods  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (531,  535), 

where  it  is  called  "  White  Vis." 

Serjania  polyphylla  Poir.  ex  Stend.  Nom.  ed.  2,  2:568. 

Over  shrubs  on  the  seashore  dunes  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (263). 

Paullinia  fuscescens  glabrescens  Radlk.  Abh.  K.  Bayer.  Acad.  283. 
Climbing  the  higher  shrubbery,  center  of  the   Island,   Cozumel 

(1559)- 

Cardiospermum  Helicacabum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  366. 

Spreading  over  low  shrubbery  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (91);  at 
Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (764);  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (500); 
Southwest  Point,  Cayman  Brae  (1200),  and  at  Spot  .Bay,  Grand  Cay- 
man (1309). 

Cardiospermum  microcarpum  Kth.Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  4:104. 

At  The  Creek  (1165)  and  Southwest  Point  (1201),  Cayman  Brae, 
where  it  is  called  "  Wire- withe." 

Sapindus  Saponaria    i\  h.'I  mis  (de  C.)  Radlk.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Bot. 
1 :402. 
Open  woodlands  about  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1471). 


March,   1900.        Plants  UxowANiE— Millspaugh.  69 

Cupania  Americana  Linn.  Sp.  PL  200. 

Large  umbrageous  tree,  40  feet  high,  left  standing  in  a  clearing 
near  San  Domingo  city  (827). 

Dodon.ea  angustifolia  Blanco  Fl.  Philip.  1:312. 

At  Pagets  (67),  and  Walsingham  (85),  Bermuda.  Leaves  7.5x1 
cm.,  fruit  4- winged,  wings  4.5  mm.  broad  at  the  apex,  3.8  mm.  at  the 
sides. 

Dodon.ea  viscosa  Jacq.  Enum.  PL  Carib.  19. 

Sandy  sea-beach  north  of  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (  264). 
Leaves  oblanceolate  pointed  10.5  x  3.3  cm.,  fruits  orbicular-oval 
2.3  x  2  cm.,  wings  6  mm.  broad  above,  5  mm.  elsewhere. 

RHAMNACE/E. 

Colubrina  Colubrina  (Jacq.).      Comb.  nor. 

C.  ferruginosa  Brongn.  Am  Sc.  Nat.  10:369.  Plentiful  along  the 
sea  beach,  second  line  of  vegetation.  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae 
(1150),  where  it  is  called  "  Black  Velvet"  and  is  used  in  infusion  in 
lieu  of  tea,  and  along  the  south  shore  of  the  island  (1230);  shores 
north  of  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1256). 

Ceanothus  reclinatus  L'Her.  Stert.  Angl.  6. 

Colubrina  reclinata  Brongn.  Rhamnus  elliptic  us  Sw.  Rocky  shores 
at  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  (1450).  Leaves  11-13  x  5.5-7  cm.,  slightly 
pubescent  beneath,  young  branches  transiently  rusty-tomentose. 

VITACE.E. 

Cissus  sicyoides  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x.  897. 

Two  widely  differing  forms  of  this  species  were  collected  :  the 
first  with  ovate-cordate  blunt,  shining,  coriaceous  leaves  9x9  cm.,  the 
margin  remotely  toothed  and  the  internodes  5.5  cm.,  at  Catano,  Porto 
Rico  (186);  the  other  with  oblong-lanceolate,  pointed,  long-toothed 
leaves  4-6  x  2  cm.,  and  short  internodes  (C.  smilacina  Kth.  ?)  from  the 
center  of  the  Island  of  Cozumel  (1558). 

TILIACE.E. 

Triumfetta  semitriloba  Jacq.  Enum.  PL  Carib.  22. 

Pagets  and  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (46,  94).  Leaves  all  nearly 
orbicular  7.5  x  7  cm.,  with  a  tendency  to  trilobation  at  the  upper 
fourth,  apical  lobe  pointed.  Outskirts  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (417);  lower  leaves  8.5  x  7  cm.,  semitrilobate,  the  lateral  lobes 
rounded,  upper  and  median  leaves  lanceolate  5.5  x  2.5  cm.  Suburbs 
of  San  Domingo  (849),  similar  to  the  last.  Another  from  like  locality 
(806)  has  the  lower  leaves  small,  3.5  x  2.5  cm.,  fully  trilobate,  densely 
stellate  beneath,  the  upper  leaves  larger,  5.5  x  4. 5  cm.,  semilobate,  and 
the  long  (17  cm.)  panicles  racemose  and  nearly  aphyllous.  Specimens 
from  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (199),  and  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (888), 
show  little  tendency  in  the  leaves  to  trilobation;  lower  leaves  ovate- 


70  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

lanceolate,  10.5  x  6  cm.,  the  upper  lanceolate  6x2  cm.;  upper  por- 
tion of  plant  densely  leafy.  Specimens  from  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de 
Cuba  (1060),  are  similar  to  those  from  Bermuda,  but  are  more  densely 
stellate-pubescent,  and  the  leaves  round-semitrilobed,  7.5  x  6  cm. 
Fields  about  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1297),  very  leafy,  the  lower 
leaves  barely  trilobate,  5x4  cm.,  the  upper  spatulate-lanceolate,  3x1 
cm.  Specimens  from  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (235),  have  all  the  leaves 
heavily  stellate-pubescent,  and  the  lower  5-lobed,  the  basal  lobes 
rounded,  the  others  pointed,  serration  double. 

Corchorus  siliquosus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  529. 

Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1344).  Leaves  all  ovate- 
lanceolate,  acuminate,  the  largest  3  x  1.6  cm.  Hillsides  at  Bayamon, 
Porto  Rico  (345),  and  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1433);  leaves 
all  small,  1.5  x  .7  cm.,  tending  to  narrow  at  the  base;  a  profusely 
fruiting  form.  The  Caleta,  Cozumel  (1529),  stem  simple,  leaves 
large,  6.5  x  3.5  cm.  Fruits  in  all  three  forms  the  same,  long  cylindri- 
cal and  straight  or  falcate,  5  x  .3  cm. 

Corchorus  hirsutus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  530. 

Dunes  of  the  coast  at  Santurce  (290)  and  Port  of  Ponce  (680, 
681),  Porto  Rico,  and  at  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  (1460);  leaves  elongate- 
ovate,  5x3  cm.,  fruiting  pedicels  4,  fruits  1.5  x  .5  cm.,  strongly 
semilunar.  Hillsides  at  The  Ovens,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (11 12);  leaves 
all  small,  2.2  x  1.7  cm.,  ovate  papillate-dentate,  fruiting  pedicels  6. 

MALVACEAE. 

Abutilon  crispum  (Linn.)  Medic.  Malv.  29. 

Sida  crispa  Linn.  Dry  slopes  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba 
(1083)." 

Abutilon  incanum  Sweet  Hort.  Brit.  1:53. 

Dry  roadside  at  "The  Ovens,"  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1124). 

Abutilon  pauciflorum  St.  Hil.  Fl.  Bras.  Mer.  1:206. 

A.  pedunculare  Griseb.  Pasture  lands  and  dry  stream  beds  near 
Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (722). 

Abutilon  permollis  (Willd.)  Sweet  loc.  cit. 

Sida  permollis  Willd.  Dry  field  of  scrub  at  Pedernales  Point, 
Isle  of  Pines  (1431),  and  Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1799). 

Abutilon  Cubanum  sp.  now 

Shrubby,  thick  stemmed,  finely  and  closely  stellate-pubescent, 
leaves  ovate-lanceolate,  cordate,  acute  serrate,  velvety  on  both  sides, 
with  comparatively  large  stellate  hairs,  petioles  about  one-quarter  the 
length  of  the  leaves  not  reduced  above;  inflorescence  apical  in  few 
flowered  axillary  clusters,  peduncles  slightly  jointed  above  the  middle, 
much  shorter  than  the  leaf;  calyx  five-fid  to  the  middle;  lobes  ovate, 
long  pointed;  petals  canary-yellow,  exceeding  the  calyx;  carpids  about 
15;  seeds  minutely  puberulent. 

Differs  from  A.  crispum  G.  Don  in  its  heavier  growth,  less  heart- 


March,    1900.         Plant. 1    (iowan.k — Millspaugh.  71 

shaped  serrate  leaves,  less  dense  pubescence,  clustered  inflorescence, 
short  peduncles,  and  yellow  petals. 

Dry  slopes  of  San  Juan  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1051).  Type  in 
Field  Col.  Mus.  Herb.  No.  61051. 

Wissadula  divergens  (Benth.)  Benth. 

Sida  divergens  Benth.  Voy.  Sulph.  69.  Along  Bodden  Bay  road, 
Grand  Cayman  (1346,  1350). 

Wissadula  micronulata  A.  Gray.  Mex.  Bound.  39. 

Abutilon  A.  Gr.  Proc.  Am.  Acad.  5:175.  Waste  ground  near  San 
Domingo  city  (829).  Dry  roadside  near  "The  Ovens,"  Santiago  de 
Cuba  (1105). 

Malva  rotundifolia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  688. 

Common  but  not  plentiful  about  the  Bermuda  Islands,  Walsing- 
ham  roadsides  and  gardens  (in). 

Malvastrum  Coromandelianum  (Linn.)  Garcke  in  Schw.  Fl.  Aeth.  267. 
Malva   Coromandeliana   Linn.      Malvastrum  tricuspidatum   A.    Gr. 
South  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (611). 

Malvastrum  spicatum  (Linn.)  A.  Gr.  Bot.  U.  S.  Expl   Exp.  147. 

Malva  spicata  Linn.  Old  pastures  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (718, 
721);  slopes  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1085),  and  at  "The 
Creek,"  Cayman  Brae  (1167,  1188),  where  it  is  called  "Broom-weed," 
and  is  used  in  decoction  as  a  remedy  for  quinsy. 

Sida,  Sp. 

A  form  quite  common  in  dry  fields  on  the  south  shore  of  Culebras 
Island  (643)  and  in  the  street  of  the  settlement. 

Sida  carpinifolia  Linn.  f.  Suppl.  307. 

Dry  soils  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (n 38);  at  The  Caleta,  Cozumel 
(1536),  and  at  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1654). 

Sida  carpinifolia  acuta  (Burm.)  comb.  nov. 

Sida  acuta  Burm.  f.  Flor.  Ind.  147.  S.  stipulata  Cav.  6".  carpini- 
folia fj  brevicuspidata  in  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  73.  ref.  Wright's  1565 
Cuba  Or.  visa  in  Herb.  Cantab.  This  is  the  usual  form  in  the  West 
Indies.  It  is  less  branching  than  the  others  and  has  larger  paler 
flowers  and  clean  cut  similar  leaves  (ovate  lanceolate  4-5  x  2.5-3  cm.) 
throughout.  Dry  soils  at  Catano  (145),  Caguas  (248),  Bayamon  (346), 
and  Santurce  (294),  Porto  Rico.  Environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (389,  404),  and  at  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1491). 

Sida  carpinifolia  Balbisiana  (de  C.)  comb.  nov. 

Sida  Balbisiana  de  C.  Prod.  1:460.  A  small  leaved  form  with 
stellate  pubescence  and  tall  straggly  growth,  found  on  waste  grounds 
at  San  Domingo  city  (880). 

Sida  carpinifolia  Antillana  nom.  nov. 

S.  Jamaicensis  Veil.  non.  Linn.      Leaves    ovate    serrate,    densely 


J 


/ 


72  Field  Columbian   Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

stellate  pubescent,  serratures  large  obtuse,  pedicels  axillary,  i-rlow- 
ered  carpells  5,  bicornuate.  Agrees  well  with  Palmer's  581  Acapulco, 
Mex.      Dry  places  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1303). 

Sida  carpinifolia  spirseifolia  (Link)  comb.  nov. 

Sida  spirffifolia  Link  En*um.  2:205.  Low  spreading  plant  with 
thick  terete  glabrous  branches  densely  vari-leaved;  leaves  glabrous 
or  nearly  so,  flower  single,  axillary,  short  pedicilate,  calyx  finely 
stellate-pubescent,  stellae  scattered.  Roadways  near  Charlotte 
Anralia,  St.  Thomas  (497),  and  about  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (960,  989). 

Sida  acuminata  de  C.  Prod.  1:462. 

S.  metadata  Bert,  non  Cav.  Dry  fields  south  shore  of  Culebras 
Island  (576,  578),  and  at  Guanica  (697),  Porto  Rico. 

Sida  ciliaris  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x:ii45. 

Waste  grounds  in  the  environs  of  San  Domingo  city  (795). 

Sida  cordifolia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  684. 

Sandy  banks  and  waste  grounds  near  Santurce  (292),  and  Guani- 
ca (720),  Porto  Rico.  Near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (470). 
Environs  of  San  Domingo  city  (794,  870,  882),  and  at  El  Caney,  San- 
tiago de  Cuba  (1038,  1039). 

Sida  glomerata  Cav.  Diss.  1:18. 

Dunes  along  the  sea  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (297). 

Sida  khombifolia  Linn.  Sp.  PL  684. 

Old  fields  and  pastures  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (325),  and 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (509). 

Sida  spinosa  Linn.  Sp.  PL  683. 

Roadsides  and  barrens  at  Paget's,  Bermuda  (61):  Guanica,  Porto 
Rico  (708);  San  Domingo  city  (821),  and  San  Juan  Hill,  Santiago  de 
Cuba  (1053). 

Sida  supina  L'Her.  Stirp.  Nov.  109  bis. 

Dry  hillsides  above  the  city  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (394). 

Sida  urens  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x:ii45. 

Coco  grove  environs  west  of  San  Domingo  city  (832),  and  near 
Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1284). 

Bastardia  viscosa  (L.)  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  5:256. 

Old  pasture  lands  near  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (756),  and  hillsides 
near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (471). 

Anoda  ilwi  vi  \  Cav.  Diss.  1:39. 

Over  the  shrubbery  of  hedgerows  in  the  environs  of  San  Do- 
mingo city  (861). 

Malachra  capitata  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  xii:458. 

In  this  species  the  stem  is  either  simply  tomentose  or  has  in  ad- 
dition many  aciculae,  the  petioles  are  not  geniculate,  and  the  carpids 
are  glabrous. 


March,    1900.        Plant.k   Utowan.k — Millspaugh.  73 

South  shores  Culebras  Island  (566),  plentiful.  Waste  grounds 
near  San  Domingo  city  (789). 

Malachra  alcejEFOlia  Jacq.  Coll.  2:350. 

In  this  species  the  stem  is  somewhat  oppressed  pilose  and  the 
acicula  are  geminate,  the  petioles-  are  so  strongly  geniculate  near  the 
leaf  that  the  truncate  base  lies  parallel  to  the  petiole,  carpids  puber- 
ulous.  M.  capitata  var  ft  alceifolia  (Jacq.)  Griseb.  in  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  80 
M.  rolundifolia  Schk. 

Old  pastures  at  Caguas  (212),  and  Santurce  (275),  Porto  Rico. 

Urena  lobata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  692. 

Old  pastures  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (237),  and  south  shore  of  Cule- 
bras Island  (594).  Mountain  road  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (545);  leaves  ample  6.5  x  9  cm.,  broadly  ovate  or  nearly  reni- 
form  butwitha  truncate  base,  3  or  abortively  5-lobed,  sparsely  short- 
hairyabove,  densely  tomentose  beneath,  slit  glands  3.  Fruit,  1.5  cm. 
diameter. 

Urena  sinuata  Linn.  he.  cit. 

Fields  about  San  Domingo  (796) ;  lowest  leaves  unlobed  and 
large  serrate,  median  leaves  partially  5-sinuatedobed,  upper  sinuately 
3-lobed  above  the  middle,  longitudinally  slit  gland  one,  at  the  base  of 
the  midrib,  fruit  nearly  1  cm.  diameter.  Same  locality  (847),  juvenile. 
Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1321),  all  the  leaves  5-lobed,  split 
glands  3,  leaves  4.5  x  5.5  cm.,  fruits  undeveloped.  The  number  of 
split  glands  in  this  genus  appear  to  be  in  the  ratio  -2  of  the  lobes  of 
the  leaf  bearing  them. 

Pavonia  Typhal/ea  Cav.  Diss.  3:134. 

Moist  rich  soil  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (961,  1139). 

Pavonia  spinifex  (Linn.)  Cav.  he.  cit.  133. 

Hibiscus  Linn.  Dry  soils  in  opens  near  Catano  (259),  and  Guan- 
ica  (688,  695,  703),  Porto  Rico. 

Malvaviscus  Malvaviscus  (Linn.)  comb.  nov. 

Hibiscus  M.  Linn.  Sp.  PL  694,  M.  arboreus  Cav.  Diss.  3  t.  48. 
Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (13 13),  and  scrub  land  south  of  Progreso, 
Yucatan"  (1728).  "The  Creek,"  Cayman  Brae,  where  it  is  termed 
"  Mahce,"  and  used  as  a  flagellant  for  rheumatic  patients. 

Malvaviscus  concinnus  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  5:286. 

Dry  gravelly  roadway  cut  west  of  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (931). 

Malvaviscus  Jordan-Mottii  sp.  nov. 

Tall  shrub,  2-3  meters  high,  glabrous  throughout,  branches  and 
branchlets  red,  leaves  almost  peltoid-cordate,  broadly  ovate,  bluntly 
pointed,  9.5-10.5  x  8-8.5  cm.,  irregularly  blunt-crenate  toothed,  major 
veins  7,  strongly  reticulate;  inflorescence  terminal-axillary  on  the 
young  branchlets  pedicels  about  2  cm.  long,  slender;  involucel- 
leaves  10  linear,  somewhat  longer  than  the  calyx,  calyx  lobes  deltoid, 
finely  scattered  hairy,  corolla  finely  ciliate,  rosy,  about  half  the  length 


74  Field  Columbian   Museum — Botany,    Vol.    2. 

of  the  column,  which  is   unilaterally  staminate.      Berry  bright   red,  1 
cm.  diameter,  5-keeled. 

High  tableland  above  Spot  Bay,  Cayman  Brae  (1166),  where  it  is 
called  "Mahce,"  and  was  considered  by  my  guide  to  be  exceedingly 
nettle-like  in  character,  he  warning  me  repeatedly  to  avoid  touching 
the  leaves.  In  order  to  convince  him  that  he  was  mistaking  the  plant 
for  another  (Malvaviscus  Malvaviscus  (L. ),  I  whipped  my  perspiring 
neck  and  hands  repeatedly  without  effect;  still  unconvinced,  he  re- 
marked that  the  plant  was  used  as  a  flagellant  in  rheumatism.  Named 
to  commemorate  a  delightful  companion  of  the  voyage,  Mr.  Jordan  L. 
Mott,  Jr.,  of  New  York.  Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Cat.  No. 
61 166. 

Hibiscus  tubiflorus  Mocq.  &  Sesse.  de  C.  Prod.  1:447. 

Dry  slopes  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1071);  open,  dry 
woodlands  at  Chan  3onot  and  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1632).  Hairs 
radiately  3-acicular  on  both  surfaces  of  the  leaves. 

Hibiscus  Rosa-Sinensis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  694. 

Deep  woods  on  the  mountain  road  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
/       Thomas  (370). 

Hibiscus  tiliaceus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  694. 

One  shrub  not  in  flower  noted  on  Culebras  Island,  south  shore. 
Shores  of  Santiago  Bay,  Cuba,  and  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines. 
Shore  north  of  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1238).  Leaves  12.5x9.5 
cm.,  strongly  cordate,  not  cuspidate,  glabrous  on  both  surfaces,  en- 
tire; fruit  globular,  flattened  above,  1.8  cm.  diameter. 

Abelmoschus  esculentus  (L.)  Moen.  Meth.  617. 

.Hibiscus  Linn.  Escaped  to  the  base  of  the  fort  at  El  Caney, 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (1032),  called  by  the  natives  "Gombo." 

Cienfuegosia  Yucatanensis  sp.  nov. 

An  ascending  lax  perennial,  virgately  branching  from  the  base, 
leaves  glabrous  linear  or  linear-lanceolate  2.5-5  x  -7"-4  cm-  entire, 
3-veined,  blunt,  petiole  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  lamina;  inflores- 
cence axillary,  peduncles  long  (4-5.5  cm.),  very  slightly  swollen  at  the 
summit,  involucre  indeterminate  except  in  its  5-9  irregular  minute  awl- 
shaped  bracts,  which  appear  to  be  in  decadence;  calyx  5-parted  into 
slender  lanceolate  lobes  which  are  reticulately  3-veined,  each  vein 
flanked  by  irregular  rows  of  large  black  punctae;  petals  1.7-2  cm.  long, 
yellow  throughout.  Style  6  mm.  long,  traversed  longitudinally  by 
three  rows  of  hairs,  stigma  capitate  entire,  capsule  3-celled,  seeds 
invested  with  a  dense  ferru^ineous  wool. 

Arid,  stony  soil  about  6  kilometers  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan 
(1693).  Near  C.  heterophylla  (Vent.)  Garcke,  from  which  it  differs 
in  its  habit,  longer  peduncles,  absence  of  purple  at  the  base  of  the 
petals,  and  capitate  stigma,  as  well  as  its  leaves,  and  larger  flowers. 
Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Cat.  No.  61693. 

Gossypium  Barbadense  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  693. 

South  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (628),   Porto   Rico.     Old  fields, 


March,    1900.         Plant. k    Utowant: — Millspaugh.  75 

suburbs  of  Charlotte  Ama'lia,  St.  Thomas  (369).  Flowers  yellow,  v 
leaves  trilobate  or  abortively  approaching  trilobation,  10  x  8  cm.,  the 
central  lobe  prolonged  into  a  slender  lanceolate  apex,  concluding 
with  a  long  awn-like  point,  all  the  larger  veins  -beneath  glandular 
dotted,  and  each  parenchymal  island  formed  by  the  anastomosis  of 
the  veinlets  centrally  occupied  by  a  small  black  punctation;  branch- 
lets  and  petals  also  nigro-punctate  ;  all  parts  of  plant  absolutely 
glabrous. 

Center  of  Island  Grand  Cayman,  scattered  about  in  old  fields, 
pastures  and  open  woodlands  (1367).  Leaves  small,  broader  than 
long,  5  x  6.5  cm.,  trilobed  at  the  upper  third,  lobes  deltoid,  blunt 
and  aristate,  even  the  smallest  leaves  (1.5  x  1  cm.)  homomorphous; 
stems,  branches,  branchlets  and  petioles  long  pilose;  black  punctate 
throughout,  punctations  turgid  upon  the  upper  surface  of  the  leaves, 
forming  a  mass  of  shining  hemispheres. 

Roadsides  and  fields  about  Progreso,  Yucatan,  and  the  dry, 
rocky  scrubland  south  of  the  lagoon  (1690,  1734).  Leaves  cordate, 
6x6  cm.,  or  hederaceously  3-lobed,  5x6  cm.,  lobes  deltoid,  point- 
letted,  nigro-punctations  as  in  the  first  form.  Whole  plant  short- 
pilose. 

BOMBACACE.E. 

Pachira  fastuosa  (Sesse.)  Decne.  Fl.  Serres.  23:48. 

Roadside  near  El  Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1025).  Probably 
cultivated,  tree  nude  at  this  season  except  for  a  few  bright,  rose-col- 
ored flowers. 

STERCULIACEiE. 

Melochia  tomentosa  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x:ii40. 

M.  frittescens  Jacq.  Dry  fields  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island 
(572,  609,  616,  645),  and  about  the  bay  of  Guanica  (765),  Porto  Rico. 
Old  fields  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (472),  where  it  is  called 
"  Broom-weed,"  and  the  bay  of  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1020,  1023).  Arid 
stony  scrublands  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1689),  The  Creek, 
Cayman  Brae  (1184);  leaves  ovate-lanceolate,  softly  tomentose  above 
and  beneath,  4  x  1.7  cm.,  obtuse  serrate,  sharply  serrate,  doubly  ser- 
rate, crenate  and  recurrent-serrate  on  the  same  branch.  A  similar 
plant  from  Spot  Bay  (1288)  and  from  Bodden  Bay  road  (1326),  Grand 
Cayman. 

Melochia  pyramidata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  674. 

Fencerows  and  fields  suburbs  of  San  Domingo  (787,  838);  leaves 
sharply  crenate-serrate,  ovate-lanceolate,  4. 5  x  2  cm.,  veins  prominent 
below,  light  yellow.  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1087)  ;  a  form 
with  small  ovate  leaves  below,  1.3  x  1.5  cm.,  and  the  usual  form 
above,  2.5  x  1.6  cm.  Bodden  Bay  road.  Grand  Cayman  (1345)  a 
form  with  long  slender  virgate  branches,  and  narrowly-lanceolate 
sharp  serrate  leaves,  5  x  1.5  cm. 

Melochia  nodiflora  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  37. 
Grassy  roadsides  near  San  Domingo  City  (848). 


1/ 


76  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Waltheria  Indica  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  673. 

Dry  fields  near  Catafio,  Porto  Rico  (171),  dry  hillsides  about 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (381,  479)  the  form  with  apparently 
long  peduncled  flower  clusters  (IV.  Americana  L. ),  which  are  really 
seminude  branchlets.  Outskirts  of  San  Domingo  (793,  797)  leaves 
5  x  2.5  cm.,  rounded  at  the  apex.  Morrow  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba 
(1057,  1073,  1075).  Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1325,  1327, 
1336)  the  first  is  the  usual  branching  form,  the  second  is  densely 
leafy,  the  third  simple-stemmed  and  small  (2  x  .8  cm.)  leaved.  Cen- 
ter of  Island  Grand  Cayman  (1382).  Rocky  scrubland  south  of  the 
lagoon  at  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1705).  Plentiful  at  The  Ovens,  San- 
tiago (11 18),  and  a  low  form  at  Cape  Corientes  (1461),  Cuba. 

Guazuma  Guazuma  (Linn.)     Comb.  nov. 

Theobroma  Guazuma  Linn.  G.  ulmifolia  Lam.  Roadsides  and 
woodlands  beyond  San  Domingo  (786);  tree  7  meters  high,  leaves 
strongly  oblique  at  the  base,  9.5  x  5  cm.,  fruit  1.6  cm.  diameter. 
Road  through  the  "Ovens,"  Santiago  de  Cuba  (11 14),  a  small  tree, 
leaves  9.5  x  4  cm.,  more  strongly  ovate-lanceolate  than  in  the  last; 
fruits  1.8  cm.  diameter.  Woodlands,  throughout  Cozumel  (1470) 
counterparts  of  the  first  form. 

Helicteres  jamaicensis  Jacq.  Select.  Am.  235. 

Shores  of  the  bay  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (755);  Whitewater  Bay, 
St.  Thomas  (558),  leaves  very  large,  18  x  10  cm.,  the  lowest  often 
partially  abortive-lobed,  acuminate,  fruit  large  (5.2  x  1.8  cm.)  and 
downy,  apices  of  the  twisted  carpids  pointed  and  prominently  pro- 
jecting. The  Creek.  Cayman  Brae  (1183),  leaves  perfect,  broadly 
ovate-lanceolate,  9.5  x  6  cm.;  fruit  3  x  1.5  cm.,  blunt  at  the  tip,  i.  c, 
carpid  apices  close,  not  projecting. 

Helicteres  baruensis  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.  30. 

Center  of  Island  Grand  Cayman  (1370),  leaves  ovate  pointed, 
9x6.5cm.,  characteristically  olivaceous  and  smooth  above,  white- 
green  and  densely  pubescent  beneath.  Fruit  rusty  brown,  4  x  1.5 
cm.,  blunt  at  the  apex. 

GUTTIFERACE.E. 

Clusia  flava  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.  34. 

Open  woodlands  center  of  Grand  Cayman  (1379).  Tree  10  me- 
ters, leaf  venation  fairly  conspicuous  beneath. 

COCHLOSPERMACE^E. 

Maxmiliana  hibiscoides  (Kunth.)  Kuntze.  Rev.  Gen.  44. 

Cochlospermum  hibiscoides  Kth.  Syn.  PI.  ^Eq.  3:314.  Woodlands 
about  Chan  Donot  and  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1618). 

TURNERACE.E. 

Turnera  ulmifolia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  271. 

Hillsides  and  streets  about  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (963,  997);   an 


March,    1900.         Plant.*:   Utowanve — Millspaugh.  77 

exuberant  growth,  with  the  large-toothed  leaves,  8-10.5x3.5-4.5 
cm.  Fields  and  ditches  about  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (456, 
526),  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (889),  and  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman 
(1260),  the  usual  form  with  more  lanceolate  leaves,  7-9x2.2-3.2  cm. 
Dunes  of  the  coast  in  coco  groves  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (296),  waste 
grounds  environs  San  Domingo  city  (853,  856),  and  at  Monro  Hill, 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (1088),  a  small-leaved  form,  3-5  x  1.5-2  cm.,  downy 
pubescent  beneath.  Bay  shores  at  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1024),  a  divari- 
cately branching  form  with  small  narrowly-lanceolate  bicolor  leaves, 
2.3-3  x  -8-i. 1  cm. 

Turnera  scabra  sp.  nov. 

Low  spreading  from  a  short  rootstock,  stems  rusty-tomentose, 
leaves  broadly  ovate,  3-3.5x2-2.5  cm.,  rusty-hairy  beneath,  scab- 
rous above,  coarsety  and  sharply  serrate,  short-petiolate  with  two 
small  crateriform  glands  at  the  summit  buried  in  the  rusty  tomen- 
tum;  flowers  large,  chrome,  sessile,  bracts  aristate  nearly  twice  the 
length  of  the  calyx  tube,  calyx  lobes  5,  chartaceous,  lanceolate- 
apiculate,  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  large  oblong  petals. 
Fruit  unknown.  On  sandy  spots  in  dry  fields  among  the  foot  hills 
at  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (323).  Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Cat. 
No.  60323.      Species  prox  T.  ulmifolia  L. 

Turnera  triglandulosa  sp.  nov. 

An  erect  purple-stemmed  glabrous  shrub,  1-2  meters  high,  with 
long  virgate  wide-spreading  branches,  and  linear-lanceolate  leaves. 
Leaves  9-12  cm.  long,  1-1.2  cm.  broad,  narrowed  at  both  ends, 
distantly  notched  along  the  margin  (not  serrate),  pale  beneath,  oliva- 
ceous above,  the  midvein  slightly  hairy,  petiole  1-1.4  cm.  long, 
mostly  triglandular;  2-quoit  shaped,  opposite  at  the  summit,  i-lozenge 
shaped  about  midway  of  the  upper  surface.  Pedicels  short  petiolar, 
bracteoles  lanceolate  entire  throughout,  nearly  twice  the  length  of 
the  calyx  tube,  calyx  lobes  lanceolate  attenuate  about  the  length  of 
the  deep  yellow  corolla.  Capsule  ovoid,  punctate,  slightly  hairy, 
seeds  elongated-pyriform  (lachrymate),  slightly  curved,  the  surface 
marked  by  sixteen  longitudinal  rows  of  minute  rectangular  pits; 
aril  ovate-lanceolate,  apiculate,  one-quarter  longer  than  the  seed. 

Coco  groves  and  waste  grounds  at  "The  Creek,"  Cayman  Brae 
(1152),  where  it  is  known  as  "Cat-bush,"  and  where  the  leaves  are 
used  in  laundrying  linen  in  lieu  of  soap;  southwest  point  of  the 
island  in  the  same  situation  (1195,  1209).  Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col. 
Mus.  Cat.  No.  6;  152. 

PASSIFLORACE.F. 

Passu  lora  minima  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  950. 

Pagets,  Bermuda  (44).  Distinguished  from  the  next  species  to 
which  it  is  referred  by  authors,  by  its  longer  petioles  hairy  in  lines, 
the  smaller  and  seldom  trilobed  leaves  tending  to  a  blunt  apex,  stipi- 
tate  attenuate  petiolar  glands,  and  smaller  general  habit.  Leaves 
ovate  34x1.4-1.7  cm.,  subentire  or  entire,  petioles  .5-.  7  cm. 


78  Field  Columbian   Muslim — Botany,    Vol.   2. 

Passiflora  suberosa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  958. 

Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  (1453).  Leaves  coriaceous,  broadly  ovate 
in  outline,  4.5-6x5-6  cm.,  trilobate,  pointleted-acute  at  the  apex, 
petioles  glabrous,  .6  cm.,  glands  subsessile  opposite,  close  to  the 
blade. 

Passiflora  lineariloba  J.  Hook  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  20:222. 

Suburbs  of  San  Domingo  city  (831,  854).  Leaves  mostly  linear 
lobed,  the  lateral  lobes  divergent,  all  hairy,  petiolar  glands  at  the 
upper  third,  alternate,  flowers  larger  than  the  last. 

Passiflora  foetida  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  959. 

P.  ciliata  Dryand.  Shores  of  the  bay  (1003),  and  on  Morro  Hill 
(1065),  Santiago  de  Cuba. 

CACTACE.E.* 

Opuntia  Tuna  (Linn)  Mill.  Diet.  ed.  viii:3. 

Cactus  Linn.  South  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (648).  East  shore 
of  Cozumel  Island;  and  two  low  spreading  clumps  near  the  center 
of  the  north  end  Perez  Island,  Alacran  Shoals  (1757)- 

RHIZOPHORACE.E. 

Rhizophora  Mangle  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  443. 

I^orming  "  islands "  and  "swamp  groves"  throughout  the  re- 
gions visited  except  the  Bermudas  and  Alacran  Shoals.  All  along 
the  inner  bay  shores  and  forming  swamps  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (363), 
where  it  seldom  attains  a  growth  of  over  ten  feet  in  height.  South- 
west point  Cayman  Brae  (1211). 

COMBRETACE.E. 

Buceras  Catappa  (Linn.)  Hitch.  PI.  Baham.  85. 

Terminalia  L.  The  most  striking  tree  of  the  streets  of  George- 
town, Grand  Cayman  (1316),  where  it  is  planted  for  shade  and  inci- 
dentally for  its  fruit,  called  the  "Almond,"  to  which  it  bears  some 
likeness  in  both  shape  and  taste.  Also  noted  near  San  Miguel,  Cozu- 
mel. 

Conocarpus  erectus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  147. 

In  this  species  the  leaves  vary  from  broadly  lanceolate  to  ellip- 
tical lanceolate,  from  glabrous  to  sericeous,  and  are  not  onlv  biglandu- 
lar  at  the  base,  but  also  uniglandular  at  the  juncture  of  each  main 
vein  to  the  midrib;  this  character  is  evident  also  in  all  the  forms 
and  varieties.  The  peduncles  of  the  flower  heads  may  be  from  one 
to  four  times  the  diameter  of  the  head  or  sessile.  Stamens  usuallv 
5,  oftener  less  than  more.  The  whole  plant  is  erect  and  varies 
from  a  small  shrub  to  a  fair-sized  tree.  South  shores  Culebras 
Island,  Porto  Rico  (596,  649).      Shores  of  the  bay  of  Santiago,  Cuba, 

*  Although  many  cacti  were  observed,  especially  on  the  smith  shore  of  Culebras  Island,  at 
Santiago  He  '  •  1  ■  1.  on  the  Cayman  Islands.  th<>  Island  of  Cozumel,  and  in  the  arid  scrubland  south 
of  Frowns  1.  the  above  was  the  only  species  found  in  bloom. 


March,    igoo.       Plant. k   Utowanj. — Millspaugh.  79 

leaves  lauceolate  acuminate,  8x2.5  cm.,  light  green,  glabrous  (ex- 
cept the  juvenile),  flower  heads  sessile,  a  large  shrub  (1012).  Shores 
of  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman,  resembling  the  last,  but  with  smaller 
leaves  (5.5x2  cm.),  and  peduncles  from  .5  to  2  cm.  long.  A  fair 
size  shrub,  1.5  to  2.5  meters  (1306);  specimens  from  Pedernales  Point, 
Isle  of  Pines  (1428),  are  counterparts  of  this  form.  Three  individ- 
uals of  this  species  were  found  upon  the  south  shore  of  Perez  Island, 
Alacran  Shoals,  the  largest  of  which  I  cut  down  for  the  woody  por- 
tion. In  these  the  leaves  are  small  (4.3x1.5  cm.),  and  the  head 
short  peduncled.  Low  shrubs  (1  to  2  meters)  established  at  this 
habitat  19  years  according  to  the  woody  rings  of  the  largest  (1755). 
[Specimens  in  this  Herbarium  from  Socorro  Island,  off  Lower  Cali- 
fornia [Anthony,  397),  have  leaves  8x  2.4  cm.,  and  peduncles  (in  fruit) 
of  the  length  of  the  cones;  from  Acapulco,  Mexico  {Palmer,  137), 
leaves  9.5x2.5cm.,  peduncles  one-third  the  length  of  the  fruiting 
cones;  from  Biscayne  Bay,  Florida  {Palmer,  159),  leaves  5.5x1.4, 
peduncles  1.3  times  the  length  of  the  heads:  and  from  Indian  River, 
Florida,  [A.  H.  Curtiss)  with  leaves  elliptical-acuminate,  6  x  2.7  cm., 
and  peduncles  of  the  length  of  the  flowering  heads.] 

Conocarpus  erectus  arboreus  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  277. 

In  this  form  the  leaves  are  more  broadty  lanceolate,  more  inclined 
to  be  sericeous,  obscurely  petiolate,  whole  plant  arboreous.  Tree 
9  meters,  very  abundant  at  the  port  of  Silam  (642  Gaunter),  leaves 
10. 5  x  3  cm.,  peduncles  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  ovate  flower 
heads. 

Conocarpus  erectus  sericeus  (Forst.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  277. 

C.  sericea  Forst.  An  erect  shrub  with  broadly  lanceolate  leaves 
covered  with  a  light  but  persistent  silky  down,  and  with  fruits  twice 
the  size  of  the  species.  Shores  of  the  east  coast  of  Cozumel,  shrub 
3  meters,  leaves  downy,  8.5  x  3.3  cm.,  fruits  globular  1.5  cm.  diam. 
sessile  (1582).  [Shrub  5  meters,  coast  of  Yucatan  at  Progreso,  like 
the  last  but  with  smaller  leaves  (6  x  2.5  cm.).  Collected  by  Gaumer, 
1 164;  and  by  Dr.  Arthur  Schott  264,  266.] 

Conocarpus  erectus  procumbens  (Linn.)  Jacq.  Am.  Pict.  260,  f.  22. 

C.  procumbens  Linn.  A  prostrate  trailing  shrub  bearing  but  little 
resemblance,  in  the  field,  to  the  species,  even  when  growing  together 
as  is  often  the  case;  the  stem  trails  along  the  surface  of  the  ground 
and  the  flowering  branchlets  become  erect  as  they  are  produced.  The 
leaves  are  thicker  than  in  the  species,  ovate,  and  mucronate,  the 
fruit  large  and  sessile,  and  the  stamens  usually  2.  Islets  in  Hamil- 
ton Bay,  Bermuda,  leaves  4.7  x  2.2  cm.,  sharply  mucronate,  fruits  1 
cm.  diameter  (11);  shores  at  San  Miguel,  Cozumel,  leaves  5  x  2.6  cm., 
sharply  mucronate,  (1472);  shores  of  the  lagoon  south  of  Progreso, 
Yucatan,  like  the  last  but  less  mature  (171 7,  1720). 

Conocarpus  erectus  argenteus  var.  nov. 

A  striking  tomentose  variety  of  the  prostrate  form,  with  broadly 
ovate  acute  densely  si.lvery-villous  leaves  and  sessile  fruits.  South- 
west  Point,    Cayman   Brae,    leaves  8  x  4.7  cm.    (1212);   east   shore  of 


V 


80  Field  Columbian   Museum— Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Cozumel,  leaves  6  x  3.5  cm.  (1583),  a  beautiful  and  attractive  object 
along  the  shore  at  rare  intervals. 

MYRTACE.E. 

Psidium  Guajava  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  470. 

Introduced  into  Grand  Cayman  from  Jamaica,  it  has  now  run 
wild,  as  a  shrub,  throughout  the  fields  and  open  woods  of  the  central 
portion  and  become  a  veritable  pest  (1378).  Leaves  elliptical,  8  x  2.7 
cm.,  bluntish,  the  midrib  projecting  as  a  curved  point,  veins  very 
prominent  beneath,  the  midrib  very  slightly  puberulous. 

Jambosa  Jambos  (L.)  comb.  nov. 

Eugenia  J ajnb'os  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  470.  Specimens  from  deep  woods 
on  the  mountain  heights  above  Charlotte  Amalia  (511)  and  moun-. 
tain  sides  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (1149).  A  large  tree  with 
glabrous  branchlets  and  lanceolate-acuminate  pointed  leaves  19x4 
cm.,  narrowed  at  the  base  to  the  short  (1  cm.)  petiole,  the  veins  quite 
prominent  beneath;  peduncles  terminal  5-flowered,  the  flowers  white 
or  creamy,  and  large  (8  cm.  diameter),  sepals  brownish  punctate. 

Eugenia  baruensis  Jacq.  Coll.  3:183. 

Plentiful  in  scrublands  upon  the  table  land  above  "The  Creek," 
Cayman  Brae  (1157)  where  it  is  called  "Strawberry  bush."  It  yields 
at  this  season  a  large  quantity  of  pleasant  tasting  though  somewhat 
astringent  and  terebinthine  edible  berries,  about  the  size  of  black 
cherries. 

Eugenia  monticola  (Sw.)  de  C.  Prod.  3:275. 

Myrtus  Sw.      Dry  fields  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (96). 

Chytraculia  Chytraculia  (L.)  comb.  nov. 

Myrtus  Chytraculia  Linn.  Calyptranthes  Chytraculia  Sw.  At  the 
Caleta,  Island  of  Cozumel  (1537).  Our  specimens  agree  with  Wright 
No.  172  Cuba.      A  low  glabrous-branched  tree,  leaves  7-9  x  3.5-4.  cm. 

MELASTOMACE.E. 

Clidemia  hirta  (Linn.)  Don.  Mem.  Wern.  Soc.  4:309. 

Melastoma  hirta  Linn.  Hedgerows  and  partial  opens  about  Port 
Antonio,  Jamaica  (1144). 

Miconia  prasina  (Sw. )  de  C.  Prod.  3:188. 

Melastoma prasinum  Sw.  Fencerows  and  hillsides  above  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (517).  Leaves  10-16x4.5-5.5  cm.,  perfectly 
smooth  and  glossy  above,  slightly  rusty-downy  on  the  midribs  beneath, 
margin  minutely  crenate  with  now  and  then  one  or  more  of  the  vein- 
lets,  leading  to  the  convexity  of  the  crenations,  projecting  as  a  cusp, 
petioles  2-3  cm.  long,  those  of  the  young  leaves  rusty-downy. 

Miconia  trinervis  (Sw.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  257. 

Melastoma  trinervium  Sw.  Roadsides  and  hedges  near  Caguas, 
Porto  Rico  (238).     The  specimens  have  a  ferruginous  tomentosity  on 


March,    1900.        Plants  Utowan/e — Millspaugh.  8i 

the  tips  of  the  young  branchlets,  terminal  petioles,  and  inflorescence, 
as  well  as  on  the  larger  veins  beneath. 

ONAGRACE.E. 

Jussieua  Peruviana  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  388. 

Oenothera  hirta  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x.  998.     Jussieua  hirta  (L.)  Vahl. 
Rich  soil  near  the  shore  east  of  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (934). 

Jussieua  linifolia  Vahl.  Ec.  Am.  2:32. 

J.  acuminata  Sw. ,  J.  parviflora  Salzm.  and  Mich.,^.  micrantha 
Kuntze,  J.  nubica  Hochst,  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (967),  also  found 
here  by  Fawcett,  but  not  by  Hitchcock.  Although  seven  species  of 
this  genus  are  found  in  Jamaica,  none  seems  so  far  to  have  reached  the 
Caymans. 

Jussieua  octovalvis  (Jacq.)  Sw.  Obs.  Bot.  142. 

Oenothera  octovalvis  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.,  19.,  J.  salicifolia 
Kth.,  J.  angustifolia  Lam.  In  the  Index  Kewensis  this  species  is 
included  under  the  next,  from  which,  however,  my  Jamaican  forms 
are  plainly  distinct,  the  leaves  being  longer,  far  narrower  and  sharper 
pointed,  the  calyx  lobes  lanceolate,  the  fruits  much  larger,  longer, 
and  not  subtended  by  the  two  awl-shaped  bracts  at  the  apex  of  the 
pedicel.      Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (926). 

Jussieua  suffruticosa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  388. 

Grassy  fields  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (996,  1791),  at  Bayamon 
(349)  and  Caguas  (228),  Porto  Rico. 

UMBELLIFERACE.E. 

Hydrocotyle  Yucatanensis  sp.  nov. 

Glabrous  radicant,  leaves  peltate  in  the  middle,  orbicular,  2.5- 
3.5  cm.  diameter,  widely  and  slightly  crenate,  veins  14-15,  pedun- 
cles 12-27  cm.,  mostly  longer  than  the  petioles;  umbels  proliferous 
expanded,  many  flowered,  the  secondary  umbels  usually  capitate, 
terminating  the  pedicels,  flowers  yellow,  fruits  truncate  at  the  base, 
2.3  mm.  broad,  .7  mm.  long,  carpids  3-ribbed,  the  intermediate 
prominent,  the  lateral  corky. 

Muddy  banks  of  a  dried-out  lagoon  about  4  kilometers  south  of 
Progreso,  Yucatan  (1677).  The  long  strictly-erect  scapes  and  pe- 
tioles, yellow  flowers,  and  venation  of  the  leaves,  immediately  sep- 
arate this  species  from  its  cogeners.  Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus. 
Cat.  No.  61677. 

Foeniculu.m  Foeniculum  (L.)  Karst.  Deutsch.  Fl.  837. 

Anethum  F.  Linn.  Foeniculum  vulgare  Mill.  Escaped  to  the 
margin  of  open  woodland  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (93). 

Daucus  Carota  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  242. 

Sparingly  introduced  along  roadsides  at  Hamilton  and  Walsing- 
ham, Bermuda  (109). 


82  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

MYRSINACE.E. 

Jacquinia  armillaris  Jacq.  PL  Carib.  15. 

At  Port  of  Ponce  (684)  and  Guanica  (717),  Porto  Rico.  Leaves 
cuneate-spathulate,  4-5.5  x  2-2.7  cm->  margins  revolute,  and  apex 
emarginate. 

PLUMBAGINACE.E. 

Plumbago  scandens  Linn.  Sp.  PL  2:215. 

Climbing  among  shrubbery  on  the  bay  shore  south  of  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas,  where  it  is  known  as  "Blister-leaf;"  racemes 
short,  averaging  about  9  cm.  (446).  Hedges  in  the  suburbs  of  San 
Domingo  (883),  racemes  24  cm.  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba 
(1792),  racemes  18  cm. 

SAPOTACE^E. 

Chrysophyllum  monopyrenum  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  49. 

C.  oliviforme  Lam.  ?ion.  Linn.      Woodlands  center  of  the  Island 

Cozumel  (1555),  where  it  is  called  "  Cainito  Silvestre"  (wild  cayuito), 

and  by    the  Mayas    Chi-ce"    or    Chi-z6,     which    is    not    translatable. 

Leaves  from    8-10x4-5.5   cm.,   ovate,   pointletted,   golden-tomentose 

.  beneath;  fruits  oliviform,  1.7^.8  cm.,  monospermous,  olivaceous. 

GENT1ANACE.E. 

Eustoma  exaltatum  (L. )  Salisb.  Parad.  Lond.  t.  34. 

Gentiana  Linn.  E.  silenifolium  Salisb.  Sandy  soil  along  road 
from  Progreso  to  Merida  (near  Progreso),  Yucatan  (1725),  45-65  cm. 
high,  leaves  3.5-4.5x1-1.5  cm.      In  full  bloom. 

Limnanthemum  Humroldtianum  (Kth. )  Griseb.  Gen.  e.  Sp.  Gent. 347. 

Villarsia  Kth.  Ditches  in  pasture  near  Santurce,  Porto  Rico 
(302),  in  full  flower. 

APOCYNACEiE. 

Plumiera  alba  Linn.  Sp.  PL  210. 

South  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (604)  on  rocky  hillside,  trees  4 
to  5  meters  high,  bare,  only  a  few  blooming  branches  found,  and 
one  tree  in  leaf.  Peduncles  10-12  cm.  long,  flowers  7  cm.  in  diame- 
ter; leaves  20-25  cm.  long,  2.2-3  cm-  broad,  acuminate. 

Plumiera  obtusa  Linn.  Sp.  PL  210. 

South  shores  Cayman  Brae  (1229),  infrequent  in  rocky  wood- 
lands, leaves  6x4  cm.  (juvenile).  Most  of  the  plants  seen  were 
bare,  one  or  two  bore  flowers  only,  and  one  only  bore  a  few  leaves, 
but  no  flowers. 

Vinca  rosea  Linn.  Syst.  10:914. 

Near  dwellings  and  fully  escaped  into  pastures  at  Catano  (160) 
and  Santurce  (298),  Porto  Rico.  Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman 
(1331),  far  from  habitations,  and  appearing  as  if  native,  though  doubt- 
less introduced  originally  by  man. 


March,    igoo.        Planive  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  83 

Tabefn^emontana  citrifolia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  210. 

Margins  of  woods  at  San  Miguel  and  the  Caleta,  Cozumel 
(1493,  1511).  Flowers  creamy-white.  The  plant  is  called  "  Uoupek,'' 
"smell  of  the  dog,"  by  the  Mayas. 

Thevetia  Thevetia  (Linn.)  comb.  nov. 

Cerbera  Thevetia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  209.  Frequent  on  the  high 
mountains  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (529). 

Echites  Andrewsii  Chapm.  Fl.  So.  St.  359. 

E.  neriandra  Griseb.  Open  fields  center  of  Grand  Cayman  (1373). 
Pubescent  climber,  leaves  ovate-oblong,  pale  beneath,  6x4  cm., 
apex  mucronate,  truncate  and  sometimes  slightly  emarginate  on  the 
same  plant,  peduncles  2.5  to  6  cm.  long,  several-flowered,  calyx 
lobes  linear-acuminate  (7  mm.  long),  slightly  longer  than  the  cylin- 
drical portion  of  the  corolla  tube,  corolla  downy,  yellow,  3  cm.  long, 
limb  spreading  4  cm.  Another  specimen  from  the  same  locality 
(1366)  has  smaller  leaves  (4.3  x  1.8  cm.),  more  strongly  pubescent  on 
both  surfaces,  ovate-lanceolate,  all  mucronate,  and  flowers  paler 
yellow  (Prang  Y,  3;  the  previous  specimen  being  Y,  1). 

Echites  repens  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.  13. 

Infrequent  in  shady  opens  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (974). 
Leaves  8.5x2.2  cm.,  peduncles  4  cm.,  pedicels  8  mm.,  calyx-lobes 
4  mm.,  corolla  tube,  cylindrical  portion  1.7  cm.,  expanded  portion 
2.2  cm.,  lobes  2  cm.,  stem  glabrous,  internodes  about  10  cm. 

Echites  rosea  A.  de  C.  Prod.  8:450. 

Dry  hillsides,  The  Ovens,  and  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba 
(1102,  1 1 13).  Stems  slender,  tortuous  verrucose,  leaves  elliptical- 
ovate,  2x1  cm.  (except  near  the  base  of  one  individual  (1102)  where 
the  leaves  were  very  large  for  the  species,  being  4.3x2.1  cm.),  cor- 
date at  the  base,  and  strongly  mucronate  at  the  apex,  prominently 
netted-veined  beneath,  smooth  and  coriaceous  above,  short  petioled, 
peduncles  axillary  and  terminal,  about  .5  cm.  long,  pedicels  ]/?  the 
length  of  the  peduncle,  corolla  tube:  cylindrical  portion  2  cm.,  ex- 
panded portion  1.5  cm.,  lobes  about  1.3  cm.  long,  bright  rose-lake 
(Prang  R  R  V,  1).  ' 

Echitis  umbellata,  Jacq.  PI.  Carib.  13. 

Fields  about  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1243).  Leaves  large 
(6.5x4.5  cm.),  strongly  mucronate,  corolla  tube  3  cm.  long,  limb  2 
cm.  broad. 

Nerium  Oleander  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  209. 

Pagets  and  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (66,  117).  Although  compara- 
tively a  recent  introduction  in  Bermuda,  the  plant  is  now  so  thor- 
oughly spread  about  all  the  larger  islands  as  to  take  on  the  character 
of  a  more  or  less  noxious  weed. 

ASCLEPIADACE.E. 

Asclepias  curassavica  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  215. 

Dry  roadsides  at  Paget's,    Bermuda  (40),   pastures    at    Caguas, 


84  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Porto  Rico  (195),  fields,  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (595,  600), 
grassy  upper  beach  south  of  Port  of  Ponce  (669),  and  Guanica  (698), 
Porto  Rico,  old  weedy  fields  Bodden  Bay  Road,  Grand  Cayman  (1323), 
damp  meadow  at  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  (1516),  and  dry  sandy  fields 
near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1691).  These  plants  are  all  narrow  and 
strongly  petiolate  leaved,  leaves  4.3-7.5  x  1-1.5  cm.,  otherwise  they 
agree  with  the  following:  Dry  hillsides  near  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (434),  old  fields  opposite  San  Domingo  city  (780),  a  very 
shrubby  branching  form;  rich  soils  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (922), 
and  old  pastures  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1495),  in  these  the  leaves 
are  sub-sessile,  larger  and  broader,  lanceolate,  10-13x2.7-3.3  cm.;  the 
plant  is  here  called  Xanal  Kak,  "  Same  as  Fire,"  in  allusion  to  the 
intense  flaming-orange  flowers. 

Asclepias  nivea  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  215. 

Fields  opposite  San  Domingo  city  (834),  flowers  greenish-white, 
whole  plant  puberulous,  petioles  1.3-1.5  cm.,  leaves  narrowly-lanceo- 
late pointed  6x1.5  cm-      Not  in  fruit. 

Calotropis  procera  (Willd.)  Dryand,  Ait.  Hort.  Kew.  ed.  ii.,  2:78. 

Plentifully  scattered  over  the  mountain  fields  south  of  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thoma3  (390).  Leaves  17-20  x  14-16  cm.,  sub-sessile,  the  */ 
auricles  clasping  the  stem,  pointleted,  milky  juice  very  profuse.  Runs 
wild  also  on  the  south  shore  fields  of  Culebras  Island,  doubtless 
brought  there  from  St.  Thomas  (635),  where  it  is  called  "Silk  Cat- 
tun  ;"  prolific  and  plentiful  in  fields  along  the  coast  of  Porto  Rico 
west  of  Ponce  (666). 

This  species  is  a  native  of  Persia.  The  stem  yields  a  good  fiber, 
and  the  sap  a  caoutchouc  that  forms  gutta-percha  notable  as  being  a 
good  conductor  of  electricity.  The  bark  bast  also  yields  a  fine  white 
fiber. 

Metastelma  Schlechtendalii  Decne.  de  C.  Prod.  8:513. 

Plentiful,  climbing  over  shrubbery  at  southwest  point  Cayman 
Brae  (1197). 

Gonolobus  maritimus  R.  Br.  Mem.  Wern.  Soc.  1:35. 

Ibatia  muricata  Griseb.  Fruits  only,  from  roadsides  near  Guan- 
ica, Porto  Rico  (741). 

CONVOLVULACE.E. 

Dichondra  repens  Forst.  Char.  Gen.  39. 

Dry  hillsides  in  open  woods  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (121 ).  Not 
in  flower  nor  fruit. 

Quamoclit  coccinea  (Linn.)  Moen.  Meth.  453. 

Ipomtra  Linn.  Climbing  over  shrubs,  out  of  season  and  rarely 
seen.  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (300),  at  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  Island 
(1522),  barely  in  flower. 

Ipomcea  Antillana  nom.  nov. 

Ip.  cymosa  Lindl.  Bot.  Reg.  (1843)  :i\,  non  G.  F.  W.  Mey.  Prim. 
Fl.  Esseq.   99   (1818);  nee  Roem.  and  Schult.  Syst.  4:241  (1819);  Ip. 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan£ — Millspaugh.  85 

sidcefolia  Chois.  in  Mem.  Soc.  Phys.  Genev.  6:459  (1833),  non  Schrad. 
in  Goett.  Gel.  Anz.  1:719  (1821). 

Glabrous,  leaves  cordate  7-9x5-7  cm.,  basal  sinus  5-8  mm. 
pointed  and  mucronate  or  simply  acute-mucronate,  entire,  petioles 
somewhat  longer  than  the  peduncle  and  about  the  length  of  the  leaf, 
cymes  many-flowered  corymbiform,  sepals  oblong,  bluntish,  6-8  x  3 
mm.,  the  interior  one-third  as  long  as  the  corolla,  the  exterior  shorter, 
corolla  short  2.5  x  2  cm.  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (754)-  Climbing  over 
hedgerows  suburbs  of  San  Domingo  (803,  878). 

Ipomcea  sinuata  Orteg.  Hort.  Matr.  Dec.  84. 

Ip.  dissecta  Pursh,  non  Willd.  Climbing  over  shrubbery  at 
"  The  Ovens,"  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1123).  Leaflets  3  cm.  long,  being 
only  half  the  size  of  those  in  specimens  gathered  at  Spot  Bay,  Grand 
Cayman  (1285). 

Ipomcea  Batatas  (Linn.)  Poir  in  Lam.  Encyc.  vi.,  14. 

Convolvulus  B.  Linn.  Cultivated  at  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman 
(1290). 

Ipomcea  Bona-nox  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ii.,  228. 

Climbing  high  over  shrubs  and  trees  near  the  coast  shores  of  San- 
tiago Bay,  Cuba  (1001),  and  near  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1397). 
The  great  length  of  the  internodes,  petioles  and  corolla-tube  plainly 
separate  this  species  from  the  next. 

Ipomcea  carnea  Jacq.  Enum,  PI.  Carib.  13. 

Rocky  scrubland  south  of  the  lagoons  near  Progreso,  Yucatan, 
(1695).      Branches  thick  and  ligneous,  short  and  thickly  foliate,  sepals 
5  cm.   long,   corolla  8  cm.,   fully  developed  leaves  6x6  cm.,   point- 
leted,  entire. 

Ipomo:a  carnosa  R.  Br.  Prod.  485. 

/.  arenaria  R.  &  S.  Batatas  littoralis  Choisy.  Ip.  acetoscefolia 
R.  &  S.  Sandy  seashores  on  the  upper  beach  at  Santurce,  Porto 
Rico  (1798),  south  shores  of  Cayman  Brae  (1222),  and  Grand  Cay- 
man at  Spot  Bay  (1310).  In  none  of  the  specimens  from  these  local- 
ities can  be  found  the  lobed  leaves  so  frequent  in  the  plants  of  other 
localities.  In  these  the  leaves  are  oblong-lanceolate  2.5-5  x  l~2  cm- 
On  account  of  the  drifting  of  the  sand  the  stems  are  always  buried 
and  seldom  is  any  portion  of  the  plant  visible  except  now  and  then  a 
leaf  and  flowering  branch;  the  petioles  of  the  stem  leaves  vary  with 
the  depth  to  which  the  stem  is  buried.  When  the  burial  of  the  leaves 
is  of  sufficient  period  to  cause  their  death,  rootlets  are  given  off  at 
their  nodes,  and  the  petiole  is  converted  into  a  branch  which  forces 
its  way  upward  through  the  sand,  gives  forth  new  leaves  and  finally 
flowers. 

Ipomcea  ciliolata  Pers.  Ench.  Bot.  1:183. 

Rare,  only  one  plant  seen,  in  a  sandy  field  at  Catano,  Porto 
Rico  (250). 

Ipomcea  fastigiata  Sweet  Hort.  Brit.  288. 

Ip.   cymosa  Mey.   non    C.   &  S.     //.   stenocolpa    Garck.      Hedges 


86  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 


suburbs  of  San  Domingo  (852);  over  shrubbery  at  San  Juan  Hill,  San- 
tiago de  Cuba  (1056);  and  in  the  center  of  Cozumel,  where  it  is  called 
by  the  Indians  "H-ebil,"  meaning  "Climber"  (in  the  masculine 
gender). 

Ipomcea  mollicoma  Miq.  Stirp.  Surin.  Sel.  132. 

Convolvulus  umbellatus  Linn,  non  Ip.  umbellata  Linn.  Ip.  umbel- 
lata  Mey.  Convolvulus  sagittifer  H.  B.  K.  Over  stone  fences  and 
shrubbery  at  Caguas  (200),  Catano  (254),  Bayamon  (326),  and  Guan- 
ica  (719,  745,  746),  Porto  Rico;  south  shore  Culebras  Island  (618), 
and  Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1322).  Leaves  cordate-lan- 
ceolate 5-7  x  2.5-4  cm.,  pilose  on  the  larger  veins  beneath. 

Ipomcea  Pes-caprjE  (L.)  Roth.  Nov.  PI.  Sp.  109. 

Convolvulus  P.  Linn.  Ip.  biloba  Forsk.  A  very  common  seaside 
species  throughout  our  range  though  rarely  found  in  flower  at  this 
season.  On  sand  beaches  it  is  usually  the  first  vegetation  to  be  found 
beyond  the  littoral  margin,  and  where  the  beach  is  steep-to  and  low 
its  habitat  on  the  coral  rocks  is  the  same.  Islands  in  Hamilton  har- 
bor, Bermuda,  all  the  beaches  about  San  Juan  and  its  harbor,  Porto 
Rico  (260),  where  it  trails  seaward  from  the  upper  beach  over  the 
clear  sand  to  the  water  line.  Shore  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(425),  rocky  coast  of  San  Domingo  (805,  865),  shore  of  Santiago  Bay 
near  Morro  (1091),  south  shores  of  Cayman  Brae  (1228)  and  Grand 
Cayman;  east  shore  of  Cozumel,  and  the  beach  at  Progreso,  Yuca- 
tan (1651). 

Ipomcea  quinquefolia  (Linn.)  Griseb.  Mem.  Am.  Acad.  1863:526. 

Convolvulus  q.  Linn.  Climbing  over  low  shrubbery  environs  of 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (374),  and  San  Domingo  (862).  Ped- 
icels divaricate  1-1.5  cm.,  peduncles  filiform  4  cm.  long;  corolla  2x1 
cm.,  central  leaflet  3-3.5  cm.  x  4-8  mm. 

Ipomcea  ruber  (Vahl.)  comb.  nor. 

Convolvulus  ruber  Vahl.  Eclog.  Am.  2:12.  C.  setifer  Spr.  Syst. 
I:577>  C.  breviflorus  Spr.  Syst.  1:606,  Ip.  setifera  Poir.  Encyc.  6:17, 
Ip.  breviflora  Mey.  Esseq.  100.  Climbing  high  over  tall  shrubs  at 
Catano,  Porto  Rico  (146,  147,  158).  Over  stone  fences  outskirts  of 
Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (946).  Our  specimens  agree  perfectly  with 
the  description,  to  which  might  be  added  from  them:  sepals  2  of  the 
exterior  5-plaited,  the  other  3-plaited;  oblong-acuminate  2.3  x  1  cm. 
aristate  (aristae  1  cm.  long),  the  keels  of  the  plaits  irregularly 
rounded-dentate;  the  2  interior  scaphoid  cordate-deltoid  aristate, 
1.2  x  .7  cm.  aristae  2  mm.  long.  Leaves  sagittate-hastate  8  cm.  from 
petiole  to  apex,  10  cm.  from  apex  to  tip  of  auricle,  8  cm.  from  tip  to 
tip  of  auricle-base,  2.9  cm.  broad  at  constricted  part  above  the  auri- 
cles, 3.2  cm.  broadest  part  (upper  third)  auricle-pointed,  tip  emar- 
ginate-mucronulate,  petiole  about  the  length  of  the  leaf. 

Ipomoea  Steudeli  nom.  nov. 

Ipoma'a  aretiaria  Stend.  Nom.  ed.  2,  1:815,  non  R.  &  S.  Syst. 
4:247.       Exogonium   arenarium   Choisy.       South   shores    of    Culebras 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan/E — Millspaugh.  87 

Island  (614)  and  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (763),  just  appearing  in  bloom 
and  leaf. 

Ipomcea  triloba  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  161. 

Fields,  creeping  over  low  herbage  center  of  the  island  of  Grand 
Cayman  (1385).  Branches  glabrous,  leaves  4-5  cm  ,  leaflets  mucro- 
nulate,  seeds  glabrous,  polished. 

Ipomcea  Tuba  (Schl.)  G.  Don.  Syst.  4:271. 

Convolvulus  T.  Schl.  Ip.  grandiflora  Lam.  non  J  acq.  South 
shore  of  Cayman  Brae  (1234),  climbing  over  low  bushes.  In  our 
specimens  the  leaves  are  often  three  lobed  at  the  middle  or  tending 
to  this  form  near  the  auricles,  basal  sinus  deep  and  narrow  (in  Bona- 
nox  it  is  shallow  and  broad). 

Ipomcea  ventricosa  (Bert.)  G.  Don.  Syst.  4:274. 

Convolvulus  v.  Bart.      Climbing  over  hedges  near  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (980),  probably  planted. 

Pharbitis  acuminata  fVahl.)  Choisy  de  C  Prod.  9:348. 

Convolvulus  acum.  Vahl.,  Ipomoea  acum.  R.  &  S.  One  specimen 
only,  that  from  the  base  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1079). 
Sepals  2.5  cm.  long,  hispid-ciliate  at  the  base  and  basal  margin, 
corolla  9.5  cm.  long,  branches  pilose. 

Pharbitis  cathartica  (Poir.)  Choisy.  loc.  cit.  342. 

Ipomcea  cathartica  Poir.  The  most  prominent  character  running 
through  all  of  the  following  specimens  is  the  deep  madder-lake  color 
of  the  corolla  limb,  which  is  broad  (about  6  cm.  diam.)  in  all;  the 
calyx  lobes  are  also  constant.  The  variation  in  the  leaf  form  is  noted 
for  each  locality.  Moist  grounds  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (933), 
leaves  imperfectly  3-lobed  11x8  cm.  outline  cordate-acuminate.  Dry 
sandy  soil  south  shores  of  Cayman  Brae  (1227),  leaves  regularly 
3-lobed,  7  x  6.5  cm.  (1235),  leaves  complete  or  slightly  3-lobed 
5.5-7  x  4.5-6  cm.  attenuate-acuminate.  Dry  sandy  soil  near  George- 
town, Grand  Cayman  (1244),  leaves  cordate-orbicular  complete  or 
showing  unilaterally  an  attempt  at  trilobation,  5-6  x  5-6  cm;  similar 
situation  (1246)  leaves  cordate-ovate  acuminate,  sinuately  3-lobed, 
7.5  z  4.5  cm-;  another  (1403),  leaves  complete  cordate-ovate  mucro- 
nate,  and  hederaceously  and  deeply  3-lobed,  6-7  x  5-6.5  cm.;  another 
from  the  center  of  Grand  Cayman  (1372)  in  woodlands,  has  the  leaves 
varying  from  cordate-orbicular  to  2-3-lobed,  6x5  cm.;  rocky  shores  of 
Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  (1452),  leaves  as  in  the  last;  woodlands  of  the 
center  of  Cozumel  (1793),  leaves  all  entire  cordate-acuminate 
7-8.5  x  5.5-6.5  cm. 

Pharbitis  Nil  (Linn.)  Choisy.  Mem.  Soc.  Phys.  Genev.  6:441. 

Convolvulus  Nil  Linn,  as  to  Dill.  loc.  cit.  f.  92,  Ph.  hederacea 
Choisy.,  Ipomcea  hederacea  Jacq. ,  Ip.  iW'/Roth.  Suburbs  of  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (418),  the  small  slightly  pilose-leaved  form. 
Calyx  lobes  1.8  cm. 'long,  limb  2.5  cm.  in  diameter. 

Pharbitis  purpurea  (Linn.)  Voigt.  Hort.  Suburb.  Calc.  354. 

Convolvulus  purp.  Linn.    Ipomcea  purp.  Linn.     Ph.  hispida   Chois. 


y 


88  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Hedgerows   near  Walsingham,    Bermuda   (102);    and   climbing  over 
shrubbery  in  fields  near  the  center  of  Grand  Cayman  (1381 ). 

Pharbitis  triloba  Miq.  Am.  Mus.  Bot.  Lugd.  Bot.  2:93. 

Convolvulus  hederaceus  Linn,  as  to  Dill.  Elth.  t.  81,  F.  93.  (Ph. 
hederacea  Chois.  referred  to  Pharbitis  Nil.)  Roadside  at  Hamil- 
'  ton,  Bermuda  (139).  This  species  is  readily  distinguishable  from  the 
next  by  its  large  flowers  (corolla  7  cm.  long,  limb  4.5  cm.  broad), 
attenuate  erect  calyx  lobes  2.5  cm.  long,  and  short  but  distinct  ped- 
icels. 

Jacquemontia  pentantha  (Jacq.)  Don.  Gen.  Syst.  4:283. 

Convolvulus  pentanthus  Jacq.  J.  violacea  (Vahl.)  Choisy.  Exten- 
sively climbing  over  herbage  and  low  shrubs.  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (403);  south  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (610),  bay  shores  at 
Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (701);  roadsides  near  San  Domingo  city  (850, 
855);  old  garden  shrubbery  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1542),  where 
it  is  called  X-yaax  h-ebil,  "Green-climber;"  and  in  the  scrubland 
south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1663). 

Convolvulus  obcordatus  sp.  nov. 

Prostrate  trailing,  stems  long  terete  glabrous,  branches  virgate 
appressed  long-pilose,  leaves  small  mostly  1.2  x  8  cm.,  a  few  2  x  1.5 
cm.  obcordate  the  lobes  mostly  unequal,  the  sinister  lobe  the  smaller, 
glabrous;  petiole  filiform  about  two-thirds  the  length  of  the  lamina. 
Inflorescence  solitary  in  the  axils  of  all  the  leaves,  peduncle  about 
the  length  of  the  leaf  and  its  petiole,  bibracteate  at  or  below  the 
middle,  bracts  minute  linear.  Flowers  small  (7  mm.),  white,  slightly 
tinged  with  blue,  calyx  of  three  sizes  of  sepals,  the  two  outer  largest, 
inner  smallest  and  the  fifth  mediate  between  the  pairs,  the  outer 
ovate  blunt  above,  half  the  length  of  the  corolla,  style  2-lipped  at  the 
apex.  Capsule  globose  2-valved  4-seeded,  seeds  glabrous,  2.2  x  1.6 
mm.,  finely  reticulate-tuberculate. 

In  general  habit  similar  to  Evolvulus  nummularius  L.  Along  the 
bed  of  the  railroad  about  8  kilometers  south  of  Progreso.  Yucatan 
(1707),  only  one  station  found.  Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  Cat. 
No.  61707. 

Convolvulus  Jamaicensis  Jacq.  Obs.  3:6. 

Southwest  point  of  Cayman  Brae  (1198,  1205),  and  the  scrubland 
south  of  Progreso,   Yucatan  (1726). 

Cuscuta  Americana  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  124. 

Moist  ditches,  running  over  various  low  and  tall  weeds  near  Char- 
lotte Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (407,  495);  and  over  weeds  on  the  margin 
of  an  old  clearing  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1439). 

BORRAGINACE.E. 

CORDIA  CYLINDRISTACHYA   R.   &  S.   Syst.   4:459. 

Bay  shores  near  Guanica  (750,  767),  in  which  location  the  species 
is  supplanted  by  C.  globosa  in  Cuba. 


March,  igoo.         Plants  Utowanve — Millspaugh.  89 

Cordia  gerascanthoides  Kunth.  H.  B.  K.,  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  3.69. 

Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1273,  1300),  where  it  is  called  "  Span- 
ish Elm." 

Cordia  globosa  Kunth.,  lac.  cit .  76. 

A  common  shrub  in  the  environs  of  San  Domingo  (792);  and  about 
the  shores  of  Santiago  Bay  (1008)  and  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba. 

Cordia  Sebestena  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  190. 

Upper  beach  and  open  woodlands  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman 
(1358),  the  usual  elliptical  leaved  form  with  sparing  dentation. 
Leaves  densely  pilose-scabrous  7-8x5-5.5  cm.,  apiculate,  distantly 
repand  denticulate,  the  calyx  tube  as  long  as  that  of  the  corolla  and 
unequally  5-dentate. 

The  following  plants  differ  materially  from  the  preceding  and 
should  be  placed  under  C.  speciosa  Salisb.  Prod.  iii.  The  leaves 
are  large,  ovate  to  ovate  lanceolate  12-20x7-13  cm.,  pointed,  points 
often  2-3  cm.  long,  irregularly  serrate,  rounded  at  the  base.  The 
flower  clusters  in  a  large  spreading  corymbiform  cyme,  the  flow- 
ers larger  and  longer  pedicelled,  the  corolla  tube  one-third  longer 
than  that  of  the  calyx,  the  limb  spreading  to  3.5  cm.  Margins  of 
salt  lagoons  south  shore  of  Cayman  Brae  (1223);  lagoon  north  of 
Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1261),  and  the  east  shore  of  Cozumel 
(1261). 

Cordia  ulmifolia  Juss.  Dum.  Cours.  Bot.  Cult.  2:148. 

Roadside  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas,  (536).  Shrubby, 
leaves  bicolor,  downy  beneath,  few  scattered  hairs  upon  the  upper 
surface,  upper  half  serrate,  lower  entire. 

TOURNEFORTIA  GNAPHALODES  R.  Br.  Prod.  496. 

On  the  beach  line  facing  the  open  sea,  very  seldom,  if  ever,  found 
in  bays  or  where  partially  dry  reefs  guard  the  shore.  Shores  near 
Walsingham  and  the  Flats,  Bermuda.  On  the  beach  near  Santurce, 
Porto  Rico.  Open  beach  north  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas.  • 
Free  sea  beach  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (638),  Ratones  Island, 
Port  of  Ponc6,  Porto  Rico.  West  beach  of  Mona  Island.  Not  noted 
at  San  Domingo,  the  coast  about  there  being  rocky  and  steep-to. 
The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1177),  where  it  grows  from  the  crevices  of 
the  coral,  and  is  known  as  "Sea  Lavender."  Spot  and  Bodden  Bay 
shores  Grand  Cayman,  also  along  shores  north  of  Georgetown.  Sandy 
beach  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1429),  where  it  forms  dense 
masses.  Shores  at  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba.  Plentiful  along  the  beach 
on  the  east  shores  of  Cozumel.  North  shore  of  Yucatan  at  Progreso 
(1650),  where  the  shrubs  are  all  small.  A  few  clustered  clumps  about 
the  center  of  the  west  coast  of  Perez  Island  (1745),  and  one  shrub 
only,  just  appearing,  on  the  south  point  of  Pajaros  Island,  Alacran 
Shoals. 

Heliotropium  curassavicum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  130. 

Sandy  spots  at  Cataiio  (330)  and  Guanica  (716),  Porto  Rico. 
Sandy  shores  of  the  bay  of  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1005),  a  large,  leaved 
(3-7  x  -5  cm.)  straggling   form,  thick  stemmed   and  very   leafy,  with 


go 


Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 


short  (3  cm.)  spikes.  The  same  form  from  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1735), 
and  the  more  usual  short-leaved  form,  with  a  slaty-purple  bloom  on 
the  leaves,  from  the  latter  station  (1655). 

Heliotropium  Indicum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  130. 

Old  fields  near  Caguas  (211)  and  on  south  shores  Culebras  Island 
(647),  Porto  Rico.  Suburban  banks  and  fields  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  ,/ 
Thomas  (414).  Lo,w,  stems  woolly,  leaves  narrowing  to  the  petiole 
irregularly  repand  crenate,  9x5  cm.,  spines  7  cm.;  the  same  form 
from  the  suburbs  of  San  Domingo  (810),  another  (776)  from  the  same 
locality  is  tall  and  shrubby  with  very  long  spikes  15-24  cm.  Fields 
about  El  Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1029),  a  very  low  form  (8  cm.) 
with  large,  pilose,  cordate  reticulate  leaves  8  x  5.5  cm.  and  dwarfish 
spikes  3  cm.  long. 

Heliotropium  parviflorum  Linn.  Mant.  2:201. 

Waste  ground  south  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (585)  and  Guan- 
ica  (691),  Porto  Rico.  Common  in  waste  places  about  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (436),  leaves  ovate  blunt  1.7-3  x  1-2-2  cm.,  plen- 
tifully scattered-hairy  above,  spikes  6.5  cm.  Environs  of  San  * 
Domingo  (781),  leaves  as  in  the  previous  plant  but  acute  and  sparingly 
scattered-hairy  above,  developed  spikes  12  cm.  Shores  of  the  Bay  of 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (102),  leaves  ovate  lanceolate  4-5  x  1.7-2  cm.  spar- 
ingly scattered-hairy  above,  strongly  reticulate  veined  above  and 
beneath.  San  Juan  Hill  (1049)  and  Morro  Hill  (1084),  Santiago  de 
Cuba,  the  former  with  lanceolate  leaves  4.5-7  x  1.3-2  cm.,  acute  and 
tending  to  apiculation,  the  latter  with  broadly  lanceolate  leaves 
6-8  x  2.5  x  3.5  cm.,  acute,  the  upper  surface  subglabrous.  Spot  Bay, 
Grand  Cayman  (1287),  leaves  small,  lanceolate,  acute  strongly  retic- 
ulate and  scattered-hairy  2-4.5  x  1.1-1.,  9  cm.,  spikes  slender,  about 
gem;  long  when  fully  fruited.  Woodlands  and  opens  center  of  the 
island,  Cozumel  (1538),  leaves  broadly  lanceolate,  spikes  short  (7  cm. 
in  full  fruit),  scattered  hairiness  reduced  to  a  minimum.  An  infu- 
sion of  this  plant  is  used  in  domestic  practice  on  this  island  in  such 
cases  of  illness  as  are  supposed  to  be  due  to  a  thick  condition  of  the 
blood.  It  is  called  by  the  Indians  "Ne-maax,"  or  in  the  feminine 
gender,  "  X-ne-maax,"  "  Monkey-tail,"  and  by  the  Mexicans  of 
Yucatan  "  Rabo  de  Mico,"  meaning  the  same,  in  allusion  to  the  per- 
fect resemblance  of  the  inflorescence  to  that  appendage.  A  similar 
form  collected  along  the  roadsides  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1704),  but 
with  almost  the  hairiness  of  H.  Indicum,  and  with  large  ovate-lanceo- 
late reticulate  leaves  4.5-6.5  x  2.3-3  cm- 

VERBENACE.E. 

Lantana  aculeata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  627. 

Plants  shrubby,  tomentose  and  more  or  less  thorny  with  small 
recurved  hook-like  aculeae,  leaves  narrower  ovate- lanceolate  than 
those  of  involucrata  and  not  so  sharply  acuminate  and  the  peduncles 
much  longer,  leaves  tomentose  3.5-5  x  1.2-3  cm.,  peduncles  4-6.5  cm.  • 
Flowers  all  chrome  yellow,  not  changing  to  red.  Scrub  about  Char- 
lotte Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (401,  507,  530),  old  fields  near  San  Domingo 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  91 

city  (843),  San  Juan  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1054),  and  San  Miguel, 
Cozumel  (1496),  this  last  being  notable  for  its  dense  woolly  pubes- 
cence and  larger,  broader  leaves  6-7  x  4-4.8  cm. 

Lantana  Camara  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  627. 

Islets  in  Hamilton  Bay,  Bermuda  (19),  with  large  sharply  ser- 
rate leaves  5.8-7.8  x  3.8-4.8  cm.  Dry  hillsides  at  Bayamon  (339), 
Caguas  (207),  and  Guanica  (747),  Porto  Rico.  Suburbs  of  San 
Domingo  city  (799),  hillsides  about  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (979), 
rocky  upper  beach  at  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  (1449),  leaves  very 
strongly  scabrous  above.  Southwest  Point,  Cayman  Brae  (1202, 
1215),  Bodden  Bay  Road  in  open  fields,  Grand  Cayman  (1320,  1332). 

From  observations  covering  a  large  number  individuals  exam- 
ined during  the  trip,  and  from  the  material  collected,  I  am  fully 
satisfied  that  this  species  is  distinct  from  L.  aculeata. 

Lantana  horrida  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  &  Sp.  2:261. 

Dry  rocky  shores  of  the  lagoon  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan 
(1673).  Branchlets  tetragonal,  tomentose,  sharply  and  strongly  acu- 
leate; leaves  ovate  acute  4-5  x  3-4  cm.,  evenly  crenate-toothed  sca- 
brous-pubescent above,  tomentose  beneath;  flower  heads  large, 
chrome-yellow. 

Lantana  involucrata  Linn.  Amoen.  Acad.  4:319. 

L.  odorata  Linn.  Throughout  the  Bermuda  islands  the  principal 
shrub  there  (5,14,79),  leaves  2-3  x  1.3-1.7  cm.  The  usual  form  of  this 
species  is  plentiful  on  the  dunes  at  Santurce  (282),  and  on  the  south 
shores  of  Culebras  Island  (590,  637),  where  it  grows  to  a  tree-like 
shrub  20  feet  high  and  15-  20  cm.  in  diameter;  on  the  seashore  fields 
of  the  Port  of  Ponce  (678),  and  the  steep  dry  hillsides  at  Guanica 
(715),  Porto  Rico.  Plentiful  about  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  Y 
(427,  440),  of  more  thrifty,  cleaner  and  healthier  appearance  than  the 
Bermudan  specimens,  leaves  broader  and  larger,  serrate  2.8-4.2x2.2-3 
cm.,  odorous,  especially  the  apical  leaves  and  flowers.  Base  of  Morro 
Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1795),  poor  depauperate  specimens  evidenc- 
ing the  aridity  of  the  winter  season;  leaves  1.3-2  x  .8-1  cm.  South- 
west Point,  Cayman  Brae  (1218),  a  form  with  long  petioled  (1.5  cm.) 
leaves  2.5-3.5  x  1.8-2.5  cm.,  and  long  peduncles  (3.5  cm.)  but  with 
small  flower  clusters.  Near  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1252), 
dwarfish  and  depauperate,  the  prey  of  some  leaf-cutting  insect; 
branches  denuded,  their  tips  only  leafy.  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba,  fine, 
healthy,  clean  specimens,  counterparts  of  those  of  St.  Thomas  (145 1, 
1454).  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1417),  like  the  last.  Bar- 
rens beyond  the  lagoon  south  of  Progreso  (1716),  in  this  locality  the 
leaves  close  up  during  the  heat  of  the  day. 

In  all  the  above  forms  the  base  of  the  leaf  is  deltoid,  while  in  the 
following  it  is  truncate  and  broad:  The  Ovens,  Santiago  de  Cuba 
(1109),  clean  and  vigorous,  not  reduced  like  1795  above,  and  east 
shore  of  Cozumel  (1597). 

Lippia  geminata  Kth.  H.  B.  K.  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  2:266. 

Open  woodlands  near  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1626).  Heads 
large  1.7  x  1  cm.,  on  long  pedicels  3.2  cm. 


g2  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Lippia  nodiflora  (L.)  Michx.  Fl.  Bor.  Am.  2:15. 

Verbena  n.  Linn.  Ditches  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (1 18),  a  some- 
what depauperate  growth  as  compared  with  the  more  southern  forms, 
leaves  1.2-1.4  x  .4  x  .6cm.,  peduncles  2.5  cm.,  heads  4  mm.  diame- 
ter. Two  forms  of  this  species  occur  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico,  one  low 
and  strongly  prostrate  with  the  peduncle  the  only  strict  part  of  the 
plant,  and  very  small  leaves  1.2  x  .5  cm.,  peduncles  3.5  cm.,  heads 
.5  cm.  (331);  the  other  (176,  253)  with  the  branches  erect,  leaves 
3.5-5  x  .7-1.3  cm.,  peduncles  5.5  cm.,  and  heads  .7-. 8  cm.  in  diame- 
ter. Center  of  island  of  Grand  Cayman  in  a  boggy  soil  (1365);  bor- 
der of  a  brackish  lagoon  on  the  north  shore  of  Cozumel  (1595),  leaves 
2-2.5  x  -8-i  cm.,  peduncles  5  cm.  long,  heads  1  cm.  long,  6  mm. 
diameter.  Sandy  ditches  near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1722),  a  form  with 
broader  leaves  (2.5  x  1.6  cm.)  and  longer  purplish  heads  (1.6  cm.  long, 
7  cm.  broad). 

Valerianoides  Jamaicense  (Linn.)  Medic.  Phil.  Bot.  1:177. 

Verbena  Jam.  Linn.  Stachytarpheta  Jam.  and  Indica  Vahl.  Com- 
mon on  the  smaller  islands  in  Hamilton  Bay,  Bermuda  (17);  dry  fields 
and  roadside  banks  at  Catano  (151);  south  shores  of  Culebras  Island 
(581),  and  at  Guanica  (687),  Porto  Rico;  under  coco  trees  at  The 
Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1173),  where  it  is  known  as  "  Verveen  "  and 
used  as  a  purgative;  and  fields  in  the  center  of  the  island  of  Cozumel 
(1568).  These  specimens  all  agree  with  the  descriptions  of  Stachy- 
tarpheta Indica  and  Jatnaicensis,  while  the  following  take  on  the  char- 
acters given  for  S.  strigosa  Vahl.  (=  Valerianoides  Jamaicense  Indicum 
forma  strigosum  (Vahl.)  O.  Kuntze.),  having  the  linear-acuminate 
setaceous  bracts,  which  is  the  only  character  that  in  reality  has  any 
claim  to  permanence.  The  dentation  of  the  calyx-lobes,  sulcation  of 
the  rachis,  and  breadth  of  the  bracts  is  very  variable  and  too  incon- 
stant to  form  even  a  varietal  distinction;  this,  together  with  the  fact 
that  almost  any  dry  field  in  the  neighborhood  of  say  Charlotte  Ama-  • 
lia,  St.  Thomas,  or  the  Island  of  Grand  Cayman  will  yield  all  the 
species  known  as  Indica,  Jamaicense  and  strigosa,  would  indicate  that 
these  are  all  merely  forms  of  one  species.  Paget's,  Bermuda  (39), 
hillsides  above  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (419),  fields  in  the 
environs  of  San  Domingo  city  (864),  stony  bed  of  a  dry  stream  near 
Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (900),  and  fields  along  the  Bodden  Bay  road, 
Grand  Cayman  (1340). 

Priva  lappulacea  (L.)  Pers.,  Syn.  ii.,  1807. 

Common  as  a  roadside  weed  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (337),  Port 
Antonio,  Jamaica  (921);  San  Juan  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1043, 
1048),  tall  and  widely  branching,  branches  attenuate.  Spot  Bay, 
Grand  Cayman,  (1286);  low,  compact  and  regular  in  form  at  center  of 
Island  of  Cozumel  (1548),  where  it  is  called  Xpakitnpak.  "Stick- 
tight,"  alluding  to  the  fruits.  The  Mayas  use  the  bruised  herb  as  a 
remedy  for  gonorrhoea. 

Citharexylum  qi  adrangulare  Jacq.  Enum.  PI.  Carib.  26. 

A  tall  tree  along  roadsides  and  about  plantations  near  Hamilton, 
Bermuda  (122),  where  it  has   all  the  appearances   of  an    introduced 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan^e — Millspaugh.  93 

species,  and  was  doubtless  brought  from  Jamaica,   as  it  here  bears 
the  Jamaican  name  "  Fiddlewood." 

Duranta  repens  Linn.  Sp.  PL  637. 

D.  Plumicri]diC(\.  Hillsides  bordering  the  Bay  of  Guanica,  Porto 
Rico  (757);  in  fruit  only. 

yEgiphila  elata  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  31. 

Fields  and  scrublands  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1281).  A 
form  with  the  twigs  and  inflorescence  downy,  leaves  coriaceous, 
strongly  reticulate-veined,  10-12  x  5-6  cm. 

Petitia  Posppigii  Schau.  de  C.  Prod.  11:639. 

On  the  high  tableland  above  "The  Creek,"  Cayman  Brae  (1 164), 
where  the  tree  is  called  "Black  Fiddlewood"  and  is  used  for  ship 
timbers.      Probably  not  distinct  from  P.  Domingensis  Jacq. 

Clerodendron  aculeatum  (Linn.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Brit.  W.  Ind.  500. 

Volkameria  Linn.,  Ovieda  (L.)  Hitch.  Center  of  Grand  Cayman 
(1380).  Various  coast  situations  in  Porto  Rico;  the  shrubs  on  the 
north  shores  are  open,  branchy  and  free  flowering,  those  from  the 
south  shores  compact  and  densely  leafy.  Culebras  Island  (591), 
Port  of  Ponce  (663),  and  Guanica  (739,  752). 

Clerodendron  fragrans  (Vent.)  Willd.  Enum.  Hort.  Berol.659. 

Volkameria  Vent.  Borders  of  streams  on  hillsides  near  Caguas, 
Porto  Rico  (232).  High  up  in  mountain  woods  above  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (556),  where  it  has  so  far  escaped  from  the 
neighborhood  of  dwellings  as  to  appear  native.  Hedges  in  the  en- 
virons of  San  Domingo  city  (772). 

Avicennia  nitida  Jacq.  Enum.  PL  Carib.  25. 

Growing  on  the  dryer  margins  of  mangrove  swamps,  where  it 
asserts  itself  by  its  dusty  white  appearance.  Shallow  bays  and 
lagoons,.  Bermuda  Islands;  swampy  shallows  near  Catafio,  Bayamon; 
south  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (582),  and  Ratones  Island  (657). 
Port  of  Ponc£,  Porto  Rico.  Shores  of  the  bay  of  Santiago  (1009, 
1019),  southwest  point  of  Cayman  Brae,  and  near  Progreso,  Yucatan. 

LABIATACE.E. 

Teucrium  inflatum  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  88. 

Moist  hillside  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (994)-  Differs  from 
most  specimens  of  the  species  in  its  larger  leaves  (6.5-9.5  x  4.5-5.5 
cm.)  and  denser  growth. 

Glf.choma  hederacea  Linn.  Sp.  PL  578. 

Nepeta  Glechoma  Bth.  A  few  plants  in  woodlands  and  old  fallow 
fields  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (129). 

Leonotis  nepetvefolia  (Linn.)  R.  Br.  in  Ait.  Hort.  Kew.  3:409. 

Phlomis  Linn.  Fields,  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (106).  Mr. 
Reade,*  writing  in  1885,  says  of  this  species  :    "introduced  in  a  few 

*"  Plants  of  the  Bermudas  or  Somers'  Islands." 


94  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

gardens  ;"  while  not  plentiful,  I  found  it  in  several  localities  in  Wal- 
singham  district,  one,  at  least,  far  removed  from  any  dwelling,  the 
others  sufficiently  distant  to  assure  me  that  the  plant  is  spreading 
and  naturalized  here.  Plants  low  (30  cm.),  leaves  small,  4x3  cm., 
globose  whorls  small,  1.5-2.5  cm.  diameter.  Pasture  lands  at  Caguas 
(218)  and  Guanica  (723),  Porto  Rico.  Fields  south  of  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (384);  tall,  well  developed  and  native;  leaves 
9  x  6. 5  cm.,  heads  4  cm.  diameter.  Fields  and  roadsides  about  San 
Domingo  (785),  counterparts  of  the  last.  Hillsides  near  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (965),  doubtfully  native,  leaves  5  x  4, heads  2-4  cm.  diameter. 

Leonurus  Sibiricus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  584. 

Fallow  fields  and  pastures  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (196).      Waste 
ground  along  a  stream  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (386).     ,/ 
The  usual  stout,  erect  puberulous,  with  even  the  uppermost  leaves  at 
least  dentate. 

Stachys  arvensis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ed.  2:814. 

Old  fields  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (113),  introduced  from 
Europe. 

Stachys  arvensis  Bermudiana  var.  nov. 

Annual,  15-35  cm.,  virgately  branching  from  the  rootstalk,  glab- 
rous throughout,  leaves  ovate-cordate  crenate,  2-2.6x1.8-2.3  cm. 
Sepals  glabrous,  the  tips  sharply  and  strongly  long-aciculate. 

Old  fallow  fields  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (128,  133). 

Salvia  Caymanensis  Millsp.  &  Uline  sp.  nov. 

Stems  strictly  erect,  .5-1  meter;  canescent  above,  woody  below, 
leaves  ovate-lanceolate,  2.5-3  x  i-i-4  cm.,  pale  and  tomentose  be- 
neath, pilose  and  dark  green  above,  the  lower  cuneate,  the  upper  sub- 
cordate  at  the  base,  acute,  shallow  crenate;  petioles  one-fourth  the 
length  of  the  blade;  racemes  terminal,  strict,  open,  bracts  lanceolate- 
acuminate,  flowers  pedicellate  whorled,  pedicels  about  half  the 
length  of  the  corolla,  verticels  6-2-flowered,  calyx  glandular-hairy,  3- 
lipped,  upper  blue-green,  blunt  or  pointed,  2  lower  bright  green 
apiculate,  corolla  blue,  about  twice  the  length  of  the  calyx,  style  un- 
equally bilabiate,  the  anterior  branch  flat,  curved,  about  twice  the 
length  of  the  slender  falcate  almost  aristate  lip,  nutlets  olivaceous, 
1.95  x  .925  mm. 

Sandy  grassland  and  old  pastures  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cay- 
man (1295).  Type  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  No.  61295.  Differs  from 
S.  serotina  in  its  habit,  leaves  and  calyx. 

Salvia  occidentalis  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  14. 

Common  in  fields  about  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (141)  ;  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (402),  and  in  like  situations  near  San  Domingo 
(85g).  Moist  hillside  pastures  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (992),  and 
dry  hillsides  at  El  Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1030).  Roadsides  near 
The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1186),  and  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of 
Pines  (1424). 

Salvia  serotina  Linn.  Mant.  1:25. 

Fields  and  roadsides  near   Charlotte  Amalia,    St.  Thomas  (504), 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan.?. — Millspaugh.  95 

leaves  1.8-2.5  x  !-4-2-3  cm.,  strongly  pubescent  upon  the  larger  veins 
beneath,  whorls  2-flowered.  Environs  of  San  Domingo  (809),  leaves 
as  in  the  preceding,  but  strongly  pubescent  above  and  below,  whorls 
3-6-flowered.  Meadows  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (928),  leaves 
2-3. 3  x  1.7-2.5  cm.,  pubescent  on  the  veins  beneath,  whorls  3-6-flow- 
ered. On  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1074),  leaves  3x3.5  cm., 
slightly  pubescent  beneath,  whorls  distant  2-3-flowered.  About  the 
streets  of  San  Miguel  (1469)  and  in  the  woods  of  the  interior  (1575) 
of  Cozumel;  leaves  2.5-3.5x2.2-3  cm.,  glabrous,  petioles  and  branch- 
lets  only  slightly  pubescent,  whorls  approximate  2-4-flowered. 
Forests  of  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1634),  leaves  1.5-2  x  .9-1.3  cm., 
glabrous,  branchlets  long-pilose,  racemes  long-virgate,  distantly 
few-whorled,  whorls  2-4-flowered. 

Salvia  serotina  sagittsefolia  var.  now 

Differs  from  the  species  in  its  simple  erect  stem,  long  virgate 
branching  inflorescence,  sagittate  leaves,  4  cm.  long,  1.8  cm.  broad 
at  the  base,  densely  pubescent  beneath,  linear  bracts,  and  sagittate 
floral  leaves. 

Dry  fields  center  of  the  Island  of  Grand  Cayman  (1391).  Type 
in  Field  Col.  Mus.  Herb.  No.  61391. 

Salvia  tenella  Sw.  Prod.  Yeg.  Ind.  Occ.  14. 

Pagets  (38)  and  Walsingham  (86)  in  dry  hillside  pastures,  Ber- 
muda. Low,  with  small  leaves,  1-1.5x.8-1.2cm.,  deltoid,  hoary. 
S.  Micrantha  Vahl. 

Satureia  Brownii  (Sw.)  Briq.  Eng.  &  Prantl.  Pflanz.  iv,  3:300. 

Thymus  Sw.  Micromeria  Bth.  Clinopodium  Kuntze.  Damp  meadow 
near  the  Caleta  (15 17)  and  San  Miguel  (1474),  Cozumel,  where  it  is 
called  "Poleo,"  the  Spanish  for  "pennyroyal." 

Mesosph.'Eru.m  capitatum  (L.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  525. 

Clinopodium  c.  Linn.  Hyptis  c.  Jacq.  Waste  grounds  at  Catafio 
(170),  and  the  most  plentiful  and  striking  weed  at  the  settlement  on 
Culebras  Island.  Environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (518), 
a  proliferous  form  with  from  2-4  smaller  and  sessile  heads  in  the 
axils  of  the  peduncles,  peduncles  2.6  cm.  long,  heads  2.4  cm.  diame- 
ter, accessory  axillary  heads  1.5  cm.  diameter:  another  curious  form 
from  this  locality  (554)  has  peduncles  8  cm.  long,  and  heads  1.5 
cm.  diameter,  with  leaves  13x8  cm.,  the  plant  leafy  to  the  top,  the 
uppermost  leaves  being  lanceolate,  10x4  cm.  Fields  about  San 
Domingo  (814),  leaves  oblong-lanceolate,  5-5-7-5x2-3.5  cm.,  pedun- 
cles 3  cm.,  heads  1.5  cm.  Old  fields  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica 
(955),  leaves  5.5-7  x  2.5-4  cm.,  peduncles  2.5  cm.,  heads  1.5  cm.  In 
all  these  the  upper  surface  of  the  leaves  is  furnished  with  scattering 
hyaline  4-6  jointed  hairs. 

While  the  species  was  plentiful  in  every  locality  visited  from 
St.  Thomas  westward  to  Jamaica,  I  failed  to  detect  it  at  Santiago, 
or  at  any  point  from  there  westward  to  Yucatan.  Mr.  Combs 
found  it  (sparingly,  however)  in  marshy  grass  lands  near  Cienfuegos, 
Cuba,   hardly  its  natural   habitat,   and    Mr.    Johnson  is   credited,   in 


g6  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Biologia  Centrali  Americana,   with  having  gathered    it  in    "Yucatan 
and  Tabasco." 

MesospHjErum  pectinatum  (Linn.)  Kuntze  loc.  cit. 

Nepeta  p.  Linn.  Hyptis  p.  Poit.  A  weed  in  old  fields  at  Caguas, 
Porto  Rico  (205,  239,  240);  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(399).  Fields  and  copses  about  San  Domingo  (829),  a  large  growth 
with  panicles  over  a  meter  in  length.  Base  of  Morro  Hill,  San- 
tiago de  Cuba  (1078).  Fields  common  along  Bodden  Bay  road, 
Grand  Cayman  (1341).  Environs  of  San  Miguel  (1477),  and  old 
fields  inland  (1549)  Cozumel,  where  it  is  termed  in  Maya  "Xolt£- 
xnuc,"  or  "Old  Woman's  Staff." 

Mesosph^rum  suaveolens  (Linn.)  Kuntze  loc.  cit. 

Ballota  s.  Linn.  Hyptis  s.  Poit.  Old  fields  near  Charlotte 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (496),  leaves  ovate-cordate,  simply  serrate,  2.5- 
3.5  x1.5x3  cm.,  petioles  the  length  of  the  blade,  densely  large-flow- 
ered. Coco  groves  at  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (11 54),  loosely 
floral,  leaves  hairy,  2.5-3x2.2-2.8  cm.,  doubly-serrate,  stems  and 
branches  pilose.     The  plant  is  here  called  "Spikenard." 

Ocimum  micranthum  Willd.  Enum.  Hort.  Berol.  630. 

Rich  soil  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (190).  Suburban  fields  of 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (508);  roadsides  near  Port  Antonio,  « 
Jamaica  (971);  old  fields  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1266);  opens 
near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel,  where  it  is  called  "Cac-al-tun,"  signify- 
ing in  Maya  a  plant  from  which  it  is  a  wearying  task  to  strip  the 
leaves;  application  indeterminable. 

Ocimum  sanctum  Linn.  Mant.  1:85. 

Steep  dry  hillside  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (689),  profusely  bloom- 
ing and  fruiting. 

SOLANACE.E. 

Physalis  angulata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  183. 

Roadsides  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (699),  and  the  south  shore  of 
Culebras  Island  (586). 

Physalis  pubescens  Linn.  loc.  cit. 

Ditches  along  roadways  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (937). 

Capsicum  frutescens  Linn.  loc.  cit.  189. 

Old  garden  spot  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1423). 

Solanum  aculeatissimum  Jacq.  Coll.  1:100. 

Waste  grounds  at  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (903). 

Solanum  amazonium  Ker-Gawl.  Bot.  Reg.  t.  71. 

A  tall  shrubby  form  at  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  (15 14),  low  and 
dwarfed  in  the  stony  scrubland  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1694). 

Solanum  Bahamense  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  188. 

Scrublands  near  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1445). 

Solanum callicarp/efolium  Kth.  &Bouche.  Ind.Sem. Hort. Berol.  1853. 
Stony  scrubland  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1702,  1719). 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan/e — Millspaugh-  97 

Solanum  inclusum  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  441. 

Open  scrubland  on  the  mountain  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (528). 

Solanum  nigrum  nodiflorum  (J acq.)  A.  Gr.  Syn.  Fl.  2,  1:228. 

Solanum  nodiflorum  J  acq.  Wayside  ditches  near  Charlotte  Ama- 
lia, St.  Thomas  (483);  shady  places  on  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba 
(1082),  and  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1444);  grassy  fields  along 
Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1351);  and  streets  of  Progreso, 
Yucatan  (1730). 

Solanum  persic.efolium  Dun.  Hist.  Solan.  185. 

High  woods  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (449),  and  at 
Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (707),  agreeing  with  No.  645  Sintenis  from 
Cabo  Rojo. 

Solanum  persic.efolium  angustifolium  Dun:  loc.  cit. 

Rocky  south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (620),  agreeing  with  No. 
646  Sintenis  from  Cabo  Rojo. 

Solanum  racemosum  Jacq.  Enum.  PL  Carib.  15. 

Stony  scrubland  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1415). 

Solanum  Seaforthianum  Andr.  Bot.  Rep.  t.  504. 
Grassy  fields  east  of  San  Domingo  city  (858). 

Solanum  torvum  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  47. 
Old  fields  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (197). 

Solanum  verbascifolium  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  184. 

Dry  slopes  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1098);  and  dry 
opens  in  woods,  center  of  Cozumel  Island  (1547),  where  it  is  called 
"Xaxox":  "Distended  Cat's-foot,"  referring  to  the  form  of  the 
leaves,  and  claw-like  spines. 

Datura  Metel  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  179. 

Indigenous  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (712). 

Datura  Stramonium  Linn.  loc.  cit. 

Indigenous  in  dry  fields  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas 
(491,  505),  where  it  is  locally  known  as  "Fire-weed.'' 

Cestrum  diurnu.m  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  191. 

In  coco  groves  and  upon  the  tableland  at  "  The  Creek,"  Cayman 
Brae  (1192),  and  in  open  woods  center  of  the  island  of  Cozumel  (1539). 

Nicotiana  Tabacum  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  180. 

Apparently  indigenous  in  scrubland  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of 
Pines  (1435). 

SCROPHULARIACE^. 

Verbascum  Thapsus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  127. 

Frequent  in  dry  fields  near  Walsingham  and  at  Pagets,  Bermuda; 
plants  usually  low,  20-40  cm.  (68). 


y 


■J 


98  Field.  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Russelia  juncea  Zucc.  in  Flora  15  (1832):  99. 

Hedgerow  at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (183),  probably  planted,  at  least 
escaped. 

Monniera  dianthera  (Sw.)  comb.  nov. 

Lindernia  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  92  (1788).  Herpestis  chamce- 
dryoides  Rth.  Gathered  with  the  next  (1525)  at  the  Caleta,  Cozu- 
mel;  rare. 

Monniera  Monniera  (L.)  Britton  Pterid.  &  Sperm.  N.  A.  292. 

Gratiola  L. ,  Herpestis  H.  B.  K.  Moist  places  near  the  shore  at 
Catano,   Porto   Rico  (177),  and  near  the  Caleta,   Island  of  Cozumel 

(1525). 

Capraria  biflora  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  628. 

Dry   fields    about    Hamilton,    Bermuda    (120),    roadsides    about 
Caguas  (217)  and  Guanica  (710),  Porto  Rico,  and  Charlotte  Amalia, 
^  St.  Thomas  (421);  fruits  short  pedicelled,  leaves  average  4  x  1.6  cm., 

sharply  and  evenly  serrate,  stem  strongly  pilose  in  the  channels. 
Sides  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1076);  fruit  pedicels  the 
length  of  the  strongly  ciliate  calyx,  sepals  linear,  one-third  longer 
than  the  capsule,  whole  plant  pilose,  leaves  sharply  gross-serrate, 
3  x  1.3  cm.  About  the  Caleta,  Cozumel,  in  forest  and  scrubland 
(1513,  1535);  densely  foliate,  leaves  3  x  1.3  cm.,  sharply  serrate 
above  the  middle,  whole  plant  finely  pubescent,  pedicels  filiform, 
nearly  three  times  the  length  of  the  fruit.  Interior  of  Yucatan  at 
Chichen  Itza  (1625);  whole  plant  canescent,  leaves  few  and  scatter- 
ing, 3.5  x  1.5  cm.,  irregularly  serrate,  fruits  very  short  pedicelled. 
Roadsides  and  open  lands  about  Progreso  (1732);  plants  low,  densely 
large-foliate  (6.5  x  3.2  cm.),  canescent,  pedicels  nearly  twice  the 
length  of  the  capsules,  filiform. 

Capraria  semiserrata  Berterii  (A.  de  C.)  Bth.  in  de  C.  Prod.  10:429. 

Dry  fields  center  of  Grand  Cayman  (1364).  Shrubby,  stem  whit- 
ish, branches  scattered-pilose  above  the  middle;  leaves  smooth  above 
and  beneath,  narrowly  lanceolate  (averaging  4  cm.  x  6  mm.),  sessile 
or  nearly  so,  narrowing  to  a  sharp  cusp,  margins  entire  ciliate,  pedi- 
cels filiform,  thrice  the  length  of  the  fruits,  ciliate,  1-4  from  each  leaf 
axil,  sepals  linear,  at  last  shorter  than  the  carpels,  bracts  as  long  as 
the  flowering  pedicels,  carpels  scrobiculate. 

Scoparia  dulcis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  116. 

Dry  fields  in  the  suburbs  of  San  Domingo  (807). 

Veronica  arvensis  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  13. 

Dry  fields  and  meadows  about  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (137). 

Gerardia  cereifera  sp.  nov. 

Annual,  glabrous,  leaves  linear,  2.5-3.8  x. 25  cm.,  entire,  sub- 
opposite  on  the  branches,  scabrous  above  with  white  wax-like  scabrae, 
which  become  massed  at  the  free  margin  of  the  leaf,  racemes  few- 
flowered  open,  pedicels  very  short,  about  half  the  length  of  the  calyx 
tube,  calyx  thin,  prominently  veined,  the  teeth  deltoid,  blunt,  corolla 
about  four  times  the  length  of  the  calyx,  softly,  densely  and  finely 


March,  igoo.         Plants  Utowan.e — Millspaugh.  gg 

short-pubescent,  the  margins  of  the  lobes  short-ciliate,  bracts  as  long 
as  the  pedicel  and  constricted  lower  portion  of  the  calyx-tube. 

Plants  15-30  cm.  high,  diffusely  branched  and  appearing  some- 
what like  G.  peduncularis  Bth.,  from  which  this  species  clearly  dif- 
fers in  its  leaves,  pedicels,  and  calyx.  Dry,  rocky,  sun-burnt  soils 
south  of  the  lagoon  near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1702). 

BIGNONIACE.E. 

Tecoma  stans  Juss.  Gen.  i3g. 

Borders  of  woodlands  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (246);  above  Char- 
lotte Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (458),  and  on  the  west  side  of  Morro  Hill, 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (iog3). 

Pithecoctenium  Aubletii  Splitg.  in  Hcev.  &  De  V.  Tijd.  g:i2. 

Climbing  in  high,  open  trees  at  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1638), 
where  the  fruits  are  called  X-tabay  or  "  Wood-nymph,"  on  the  suppo- 
sition in  fiction  that  the  fairies  use  the  pods  as  combs  for  the  hair; 
a  use  that  prevails  even  to-day  among  the  Indian  women.  Leaves  large, 
10-12  cm.,  strongly  cordate,  the  deltoid  apex  2  cm.  long  by  1.5  cm. 
broad  at  the  base.  Fruits  14-20  x  5-7  cm. ;  seed,  including  the  wings, 
3-3.5  x  7-8  cm. 

Tabebuia  leucoxvi.on  (Linn.)deC.  Bibl.  Univ.  Genev.  17:131,212. 

Bignonia  Linn.  Tecoma  Mart.  Shores  of  the  lagoon  at  the  south- 
west point  of  Cayman  Brae  (1214),  and  maritime  rocks  of  Spot  Bay, 
Grand  Cayman  (1361).      Agrees  with  Wright,  Cuba,  i33g. 

GESNERACE.E. 

Rhytidophyllum  tomentosum  (Linn.)  Mart.  Nov.  Gen.  et.  Sp.  3:3g. 
Gesnera  Linn.      Seaside  of  Morro  Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1072). 

ACANTHACE.E. 

Tubiflora  squamosa  (Jacq.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  500. 

Verbena  Jacq.  Open  woods,  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1622).  In 
full  flower  and  appearing  like  a  primrose;  flowers  pink,  large,  7  cm. 
diam.,  the  appearance  of  the  flower  bracts  vary  greatly  on  the  same 
plant,  one  spike  having  no  ciliae  at  all  on  the  margins  of  the  bracts, 
another  having  all  the  bracts  strongly  ciliate;  plants,  as  a  whole, 
glabrous;  spikes  all  simple  and  from  the  rosulate  base. 

Thunbergia  alata  Boj.  Sims.  Bot.  Mag.  t.  25gi. 

Hedgerows,  environs  of  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (210)  and  San 
Domingo  city  (876);  leaves  small  4-5  x  2.5-3.5  cm.;  sharply  hastate, 
narrow  at  the  sinus;  petioles'  two-thirds  the  length  of  the  laminae. 
Rich  soil  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (g7o);  climbing  over  hedges 
near  dwellings,  leaves  varying  from  reniform  to  strongly  and  sharply 
hastate  6-g  x  4.5-6  cm. 

Thunbergia  fragrans  Roxb.  PI.  Corom.  1:47. 

Two  forms  collected  on  hedgerows  near   Port   Antonio,  Jamaica 


ioo  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

(914,  968);  the  first  with  the  sharply  hastate  leaves  short  (5.5-7  cm.), 
bilobate  at  the  base  and  apiculate  at  the  apex  (T.  Dregeana?);  peti- 
oles often  longer  than  the  leaves,  and  peduncles  6-10  cm.  long.  The 
other  with  lanceolate-cordate-hastate  leaves,  long  pointed,  5.5-9  x  2- 
3.5  cm.;  petioles  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  laminae. 

Bravaisia  tubiflora  Hemsl.  Hook  Ic.  PI.  t.  1516. 

East  shore  of  Cozumel  Island  near  the  ruined  temple  only  (1580), 
and  along  the  upper  beach  near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1733).  This 
species  grows  as  a  spreading  shrub  about  4-6  feet  high.  I  have  never 
seen  it  even  appear  tree-like  as  Dr.  Gaumer  reported  to  Prof.  Hem- 
sley.      It  is  abundant  where  found,  but  its  localities  are  infrequent. 

Blechum  Blechum  (Linn.)  comb.  nov. 

Ruellia  B.  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x:ii50.  B.  Brownei  (Sw.)  Juss.  Sub- 
urbs of  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (898);  leaves  3.5-5  x  1.5-2.5  cm.,  stri- 
gose-hairy,  margin  of  bracts  ciliate.  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1 174); 
leaves  6-9  x  3.5-5  cm.  Bodden  Bay  Road,  Grand  Cayman  (1328); 
leaves  3-3.5  x  1. 2-1.4  cm-  Near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1506);  leaves 
broadly  ovate-lanceolate  6x4  cm. ;  distantly  strigose-hairy. 

Ruellia  tuberosa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  635. 

Pasture  lands  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (730).  Slopes  of  San  Juan 
Hill,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1052).  Center  of  island  of  Grand  Cayman 
(1388).  These  specimens  only  differ  in  the  former  being  more  nearly 
glabrous,  in  none  is  the  capsule  pubescent. 

Ruellia  paniculata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  635. 

Dry  sandy  fieids  and  rocky  barrens  near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1685). 

Tetramerium  hispidum  Nees.  de  C.  Prod.  11:468. 

Plentiful  in  dry  sandy  fields  near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1683);  the 
usual  form  of  the  species. 

Henrva  costata  A.  Gray.  Proc.  Am.  Acad.  21:406. 

Ditches  and  along  the  lagoon  at  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1661). 

Diapedium  assurgens  (Linn.)  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  485. 

Justicia  a.  Linn.  Dicliptera  a.  Juss.  Plentiful  in  fields  about 
El  Caney  (1041)  and  at  the  base  of  Morro  Hill  (1095),  Santiago  de 
Cuba;  at  the  Caleta  (1521)  and  on  the  east  shore  of  Cozumel  Island 
(1602);  and  in  the  neighborhood  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1711). 

Siphonoglossa  sessilis  (Jacq.)  Oerst.  Kjoeb.  Vid.  Meddl.  159. 

Justicia  Jacq.,  Rhytiglossa  Nees.  Dianthera  Griseb.  Dry  fields 
near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1656),  stunted  specimens  only  at  this  season. 

Justicia  periplocefolia  Jacq.  Coll.  Suppl.  5  t.  7. 

Adhatoda  Nees.  Roadsides  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (431);   and  south  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (597). 

Dianthera  Rugeliana  Griseb.  Cat.  PI.  Cub.,  196. 

D.  obtusifolia  Griseb.  in  PI.  Rugel.  On  old  garden  spot  at  Ped- 
ernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1438). 


March,    1900.        Plants  Utowan.e — Millspaugh.  ioi 

PLANTAGINACE.E. 

Plantago  major  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  112. 

Roadsides  and  dry  fields  near  Hamilton,  Bermuda  (123). 

Plantago  lanceolata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  113. 

Fields  and  roadsides  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (90). 

RUBIACE^E. 

Rachicallis  Americana  (J acq.)  Hitch.  Rep.  Mo.  Bot.  Gard.,  1893:92. 

Hedyotis  Americana  Jacq.  R.  rupestris  de  C.  On  the  coral  beach 
rocks  of  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1178);  branches  short,  4-9  cm., 
leaves  small,  5-7  mm.,  and  whole  plant  depauperate  as  compared 
with  the  dense  tall  masses  that  almost  cover  the  coral  rocks  of  the 
east  coast  of  Cozumel.  Coast  rocks  of  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman, 
Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines,  and  Cape  Corientes. 

Rondeletia  arborescens  Griseb-.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  327. 
Dry  hillsides  at  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (341). 

Randia  aculeata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1192. 

Rocky  soil  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (343).  A  large  shrub 
with  heavy  branches  and  thick  branchlets,  very  heavily  armed  with 
sharp  strong  spines  1.5-1.7  cm.  long,  leaves  elliptical-ovate,  2.5  x 
1.5  cm.  drying  green,  and  fruits  1  cm.  in  diameter.  In  fruit  only. 
Fields  bordering  Bodden  Bay  road  beyond  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cay- 
man (1319)  leaves  elliptical,  coriaceous  3-5  x  1.5-2  cm. 

Randia  Xalapensis  Mart.  &  Gal.  Bull.  Acad.  Brux.  xi,  1:239. 

Border  of  the  lagoon  Southwest  Point,  Cayman  Brae  (1203),  not 
in  flower  nor  fruit. 

Gonzalea  spicata  (Lam.)  de  C.  Prod.  4:437. 

Lygistum  spicatum  Lam.  Dry  hillsides  at  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico 
(354),  with  racemes  30-35  cm.  long. 

Hamelia  patens  Jacq.  PI.  Carib.  16. 

Hedgerows  near  San  Domingo  city  (823).  Pedernales  Point, 
Isle  of  Pines  (1412).  Margins  of  woodlands  near  San  Miguel,  Cozu- 
mel (1490). 

Erithalis  angustifolia  de  C.  Prod.  4:464. 

Environs  of  Georgetown  (1251)  and  Spot  Bay  (1360),  Grand  Cay- 
man.   Leaves  oblong-lanceolate  or  lanceo-spatulate,  2-3.5  x  i-i.5cm. 

Erithalis  fruticosa  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x,  930. 

Ratones  Island,  Port  of  Ponce,  Porto  Rico  (652,  653).  The 
usual  form,  leafy  at  the  ends  of  the  branches,  leaves  ovate,  4-5. 5.x 
2.5-3  cm. 

Erithalis  fruticosa  odorifera  (Jacq.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  336. 

E.  odorifera  Jacq.  A  larger  growth  than  the  species,  with  odor- 
ous white  flowers,  and  broadly-ovate  leaves,  8.5-10.5  x  4-5.5  cm., 
rounded  at  the  apex.      Sand  dunes  at  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (279). 


102  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Chiococca  racemosa  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  x:gi7. 

Borders  of  a  low  swale  at  Pagets,  in  which  position  it  appears 
natural,  or  at  least  seeded-in  through  the  agency  of  birds,  the  loca- 
tion being  far  from  dwellings  or  cultivated  ground,  Bermuda  (47). 
Leaves  ovate-coriaceous,  6-9x3-4  cm.,  inflorescence  paniculo-racemi- 
form. 

Scolosanthus  Sagreeanus  (Griseb.).     Comb.  nov. 

Reindict  S.  Griseb.  Cat.  PI.  Cub.  122.  S.  crucifer  Wr.  Sauv.  Fl. 
Cub.  67.  Pagets,  Bermuda  (48).  Only  one  plant  seen,  gathered 
from  a  dry  beach.  Dry  rising  beach  on  south  shore  of  Culebras 
Island  (646). 

Strumpfia  maritima  Jacq.  PI.  Carib.  28. 

Plentiful  on  maritime  rocks  in  the  zone  of  spray  where  it  grows 
from  the  driest  crevices,  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines.  The 
Creek,  Cayman  Brae  (1069).  Exceeding  plentiful  as  the  only  vege- 
tation on  the  coral  shore  line  of  the  east  coast  of  Cozumel  (1588) 
where  it  forms  in  tangled  masses  of  large  extent. 

Myrstiphyllum  horizontalis  (Sw.).     Comb.  nov. 

(Psychotria  horizontalis  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  44.)  Center  of 
the  Island  Cozumel  (1556^),  where  it  is  called  by  the  Mayas  "Xax- 
kanan."  Leaves  paler  beneath,  9-11x3.5-4.5  cm.,  long  pointed,  the 
tuft    of  hairs  in  the  vein-axils  minute. 

Myrstiphyllum  undatum  (Jacq.)  Hitch.  PI.  Baham.,95. 

Psychotria  undata  Jacq.  A  seashore  shrub  at  Pedernales  Point, 
Isle  of  Pines  (1409). 

Morinda  Royoc  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  176. 

Opens  near  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1280,  1359),  where  it  is 
called  "Rhuburb,"  and  is  used  in  lieu  of  that  drug,  and  as  a  j'ellow 
dye.  Avery  narrow-lanceolate  leaved  form,  7-9x1-1.2  cm.,  Peder- 
nales Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (141 1),  the  usual  form  with  ovate-lanceo- 
late leaves,  7-1 1  x  2-2.5  cm- 

Ernodea  litoralis  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  29. 

Sand  dunes  of  Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (266).  Shores,  southwest 
point  Cayman  Brae  (1194),  branches  densely  foliate,  leaves  3. 5X. 6 
cm.  Near  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1254).  Upper  beach,  coast 
of  Yucatan  near  Progreso  (1715),  leaves  all  fascicled  at  the  tips  of 
the  branchlets,  1.5  x  .4  cm. 

Diodia  rigida  Cham.  &  Schl.  in  Linnaea  3:341. 

Dry  fields  at  El  Caney,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1033). 

Diodia  teres  Walt.  Fl.  Carol.  87. 

Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1338). 

Borreria  verticillata  (Linn.)  Mey.  Prim.  Fl.  Esseq.  83. 

Spermacoce  Linn.  Sandy  spots  in  grassy  bottoms  at  Catano  (148, 
shrubby,  2  feet  high),  and  Santurce  (281),  Porto  Rico.  The  usual 
form  of  the  species. 


March,  1900.  Plantve  Utowan.-e — Millspaugh.  103 

Spermacoce  ltevis  Lam.  Illustr.  1:273. 

Our  specimens  from  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (948,  991),  agree  per- 
fectly with  H.  H.  &  G.  W.  Smith's  from  Mustique  Island,  Lesser  Gren- 
adines, British  West  Indies. 

Spermacoce  tenuior  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  102. 

Islets  of  Hamilton  Bay,  Bermuda  (20,  21).  The  usual  form  of 
the  species  from  dry  soil  along  railroad  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico 
(340).  Environs  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (437),  and  San  / 
Domingo  city  (866);  roadside  at  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1302); 
and  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1478);  also  in  open  woods  at  the  Caleta, 
Cozumel  (1531).  In  the  Bermudan  specimens  the  leaves  are  small, 
ovate-lanceolate,  pointed,  1.5-2.5X.8-1  cm.,  and  the  plants  low  and 
spreading;  in  all  the  others  the  leaves  are  linear-lanceolate,  2.5-4  x 
.6-. 8  cm.,  and  the  stems  erect,  except  in  No.  1478  the  leaves  are 
ovate-lanceolate,  3x1.3-1.5  cm. 

Spermacoce  verticillata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  102. 

Dry  soils  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (958),  larger  and  more  fully 
erect  than  another  specimen  from  the  neighborhood  of  San  Miguel. 
Cozumel  (1500).  Leaves  of  the  former  3X.7  cm.,  of  the  latter  i.yx 
.4  cm.,  heads  1  cm.  diam.,  and  in  the  latter  .8  cm. 

f 

CUCURBITACE^. 

Melothria  pervaga  (Macf.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  289. 

Landersia  Macf.  Climbing  over  low  weeds  at  Caguas,  Porto 
Rico  (206). 

Momordica  Charantia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  1009. 

Climbing  over  low  shrubs  at  Catafio  (142),  south  shores  Culebras 
Island  (593),  and  at  Guanica  (693),  Porto  Rico.  Fences  and  shrub-  y 
bery  in  the  environs  of  St.  Thomas  (433).  Leaves  4-5.5  cm.  scat- 
tered short-strigose  above  and  on  the  larger  veins  beneath,  fruit 
soft-tubercled,  peduncular  bract  1  cm.  from  the  axil.  Suburbs  of  San 
Domingo  (871),  characters  of  the  last  except:  Leaves  3.5-4  cm.  and 
peduncular  bract  2  mm.  from  the  axil.  Base  of  Morro  Hill,  Santi- 
ago de  Cuba  (1097),  leaves  glabrous  7-10  cm.,  peduncular  bract  3  mm. 
from  axil.  Bodden  Bay  road,  Grand  Cayman  (1329),  characters  as 
in  the  St.  Thomas  specimens. 

Luff  A  cvlindrica  (Linn.)  Roera.  Syn.  Pepon.  63. 

Banks  and  low  shrubbery  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (209). 

Cucumis  Anguria  Linn.  loc.  cit. 

Climbing  over  low  herbs  on  rocky  hillside  south  shore  of  Cule- 
bras Island  (641). 

Cucumis  Melo  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  ion. 

In  a  washed-out  stream  bed  far  from  habitations  or  cultivated 
lands  on  the  south  shores  of  Culebras  Island  (584).  Apparently 
native  though  probably  an  escape. 


/ 


IG4  Field  Columbian   Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

CAMPANULACE.E. 

Lobelia  Berlandieri  de  C.  Prod.  7:367. 

Open  woods  at  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1624),  agrees  perfectly 
with  Berlandier's  3177  from  Matanzas,  Mexico. 

Lobelia  Cliffortiana  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  931. 

Open  fields  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (213,  222).  Open  waste  places 
and  banks  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (990).  Racemes  10-20  cm. 
long,  pedicels  1  cm.,  leaves  2.5  x  1.2  cm. 

Lobelia  Martagon  (Griseb.)  Hitch.  Rep.  Mo.  Bot.  Gard.  1893:103. 

Tupa  Griseb.  Rich  grounds  about  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (920). 
Specimens  agree  well  with  the  characters  given  by  Grisebach  except 
that  the  flowers  are  green,  not  purple  nor  even  lurid,  the  deltoid  acu- 
minate calyx  lobes  rarely  serrulate,  the  corolla  tube  thrice  as  long  as 
the  calyx  lobes  and  the  leaves  larger  than  described.  Calyx  lobes  3.5 
mm.,  corolla  tube  it. 5  mm.,  raceme  30  cm.  long,  cauline  leaves 
38-24  x  4"4-5  cm- 

Jsotoma  longiflora  (Linn.)  Presl.  Prod.  Lobel.  42. 

Lobelia  L.  Hillsides  at  Bayamon  (308),  and  Caguas  (242),  Porto 
Rico,  corolla  12  cm.  long.  Banks  common  about  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (908).      The  usual  form  of  the  species. 

GOODENIACE.E. 

Soevola  Lobelia  Murr.  in  Linn.  Syst.  ed.  xiii  :i78. 

Lobelia  Plumieri  Linn.,  S.  Plumieri  Vahl.  Dunes  of  the  coast  at 
Santurce,  Porto  Rico  (271).  Fine  specimens  with  very  thick  leaves, 
from  the  shores  near  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1647).  One  individual  only 
on  the   Alacran   Shoals  near  the   foot   of   the   grave  on  Perez  Island 

(1765)- 

COMPOSITACE.E. 

Vernonia  arborescens  (Linn.)  Sw.  Fl.  Ind.  Occ.  2:1320. 

Conyza  Linn.  Mountain  woods  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St. 
Thomas  (551). 

Vernonia  arborescens  divaricata  (Sw.)  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  353. 

V.  divaricata  Sw.  Tableland  above  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae 
(1161),  where  it  is  called  "Christmas-bush." 

Vernonia  punctata  Sw.  Wikst.  Vet.  Acad.  Handl.  Stockh.  1827:72. 
Mountain  woods  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,,  St.  Thomas  (522.) 

Distreptus  spicatus  (Juss.)  Cass.  Bull.  Soc.  Philom.  1817:66. 

E/epha/itopus]\iss.  Sandy  fields  near  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (198); 
mountain  woods  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (555);  near  J 
Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (982,  1127);  the  i-serial  unequal  pappus 
bristles,  two  of  which  are  elongated  and  twice  reflexed,  together 
with  the  interrupted  racemose-spicated  inflorescence  which  gives  the 
plants  a  far  different  habit  aspect  from  Elephantopus  seems  sufficient 
reason  for  separating  this  genus. 


March,  1900.         Plants  Utowan/e — Millspaugh.  105 

Elephantopu's  tomentosus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  814. 

E.  scaber  Linn.  Sandy  fields  near  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (194); 
mountain  woods  back  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (552);  and 
fields  near  San  Domingo  city  (782). 

Ageratum  conyzoides  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  839. 

Moist  ditches  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (208);  and  near  Port  Anto- 
nio, Jamaica  (884,  962). 

Eupatorium  conyzoides  Vahl.  Symb.  Bot.  3:96. 

Rich  soil  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (203,  216);  in  the  environs  of 
San  Domingo  city  (840,  857);  El  Caney  (1035),  bay  shores  near  Santi- 
ago de  Cuba  (1004),  and  on  the  tableland  above  The  Creek,  Cayman 
Brae.  (1 187).      Old  fields  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1489). 

Eupatorium  fgsniculaceum  Willd.  Sp.  PI.  3:1750. 

Artemisia  capillifolia  Lam.  Among  the  coast  shrubbery  at  Peder- 
nales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1410). 

Eupatorium  Guadalupense  Spreng.  Syst.  3:414. 

E.  panictilatmn  Schrad.  Moist  grounds  near  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (902).      Old  pasture  at  Caguas,  Porto  Rico  (224). 

Eupatorium  hebebotrya  Hemsl.  Biol.  Centr.  Am.  Bot.  2:95. 

Moist  soil  near  the  Caleta,  Cozumel  (1510),  where  it  is  called 
"Xtokabal,"  which  may  be  freely  translated  "Bleeding  Cherry," 
though  the  application  is  not  so  evident  as  that  of  Maya  plant  names 
in  general.  The  plant  here  grows  as  a  tree  with  a  trunk  5  to  10  cm. 
in  diameter,  and  a  height  of  3-8  meters.  A  decoction  of  the  bark, 
leaves  and  flowers  is  used  as  a  domestic  remedy  for  gonorrhoea. 

Eupatorium  iv^efolium  (Linn.)  Syst.  PI.  ed.  x:i205. 

In  the  arid,  stony  scrubland  south  of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1688). 

Eupatorium  Klattii  sp.  nov. 

Slender,  erect,  slightly  strigose-villous  above,  branches  slender, 
ascending;  leaves  sharply  serrate  except  the  truncate  base,  not 
glandular-dotted,  trinerved,  cuneate  acuminate,  strigose-hairy  be- 
neath, heads  few,  12-flowered,  short  pedicelled,  receptacle  globose, 
involucral  scales  rounded  and  ciliolate  at  the  tip  all  alike,  green  3- 
striate,  the  interior  longer,  achenium  faintly  angled,  smooth  between, 
not  scabrous  on  the  angles.  Named  in  honor  of  the  late  Prof.  Dr. 
F.  W.  Klatt. 

Near  E.  conyzoides  Vahl.,  from  which  it  strongly  differs  in  its 
slender  habit,  ascending  densely  foliate  branches  with  a  simple  few- 
flowered  corymb  at  the  tips,  its  smaller  heads  and  smooth  achenia. 
Branches  1025  cm.,  internodes  1-3  cm.,  petioles  .5-1  cm.,  leaves 
2.5  x  4  -  3  x  4.5  cm.,  corymbs  6-18-flowered,  peduncles  .5-1  cm.,  pedi- 
cels .5-1  cm.,  heads  6-7  mm.  long,  2-3  mm  broad,  achenia  3  x.3  mm. 
(in  E.  conyzoides  4  x  .5  mm.)     Shore  of  Santiago  Bay,  Cuba  (1126). 

Eupatorium  repandum  Willd.  Sp.  PI.  3:1767. 

Woodlands    on    the    mountain    back    of    Charlotte    Amalia,    St.       v 
Thomas  (532). 


io6  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Eupatorium  sinuatum  Lam.  Encyc.  2:407. 

E.  canescens  Vahl.    Bay  shores  at  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (694,  706). 

Eupatorium  villosum  Sw.  Prod.  Veg.  Ind.  Occ.  111. 

Seashore  upper  beach  at  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1401). 

Willoughbya  cordifolia  (L. )  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  372. 

Cacalia  Linn.     Mikania  Willd.      High  mountain  woods  back  of 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (516). 

Willoughbya  ranunculifolia  (Rich.)  comb.  nov. 

Mikania  A.  Rich.  Fl.  Cub.  Fan.  2:45.  Stony  shores  at  Pedernales 
Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1421). 

Willoughbya  scandens  (L. )  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  371. 

Eupatorium  Linn.  Mika?iia  Willd.  Moist  soil  near  Port  Antonio,.. 
Jamaica  (947,  956). 

Eclipta  alba  (Linn.)  Hassk.  PL  Rar.  Jav.  528. 

Verbesina  Linn.,  Eclipta  vesta  L. ,  E.  procumbens  Mx. 

Railroad  embankment  at  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (322);  roadside 
near  San  Domingo  city  (815);  and  gravelly  bank  near  Port  Antonio, 
Jamaica  (941). 

Crassina  multiflora  (L. )  Kuntze  Rev.  Gen.  331. 

Zinnia  multiflora  Linn.  Undoubtedly  native;  found  far  from 
habitations  on  the  shore  of  Guanica  Bay,  Porto  Rico  (690). 

Ageratum  paleaceum  Hemsl.  Biol.  Centr.  Am.  2:83? 

Doubtfully  placed  here,  from  description,  by  Prof.  B.  L.  Robin- 
son.     Woodlands  about  Chichen  Itza,  Yucatan  (1635). 

Part-henium  fruticosum  Less,  in  Linnsea  5:152. 

Fide  Prof.  B.  L.  Robinson.  Border  of  lagoon  south  of  Progreso,. 
Yucatan  (1665). 

Alomia  ageratoides  H.  B.  K.,  Nov.  Gen.  et  Sp.  4:151. 

A  very  small  leaved  weak  form  from  Isle  of  Pines,  Cuba  (1437). 
The  usual  form  from  San  Miguel  (1492)  and  the  east  shore  (1603)  of 
Cozumel. 

Conyza  ambigua  de  C.  Flor.  Fr.  Supp.  468.   ' 

Non.  H.  B.  K.  On  one  of  the  small  islets  in  Hamilton  Bay,  Ber- 
muda (119).    Fide  Prof.  B.  L.  Robinson. 

Baccharis  halmifolia  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  860. 

Borders  of  a  boggy  place  near  Paget's,  Bermuda  (53,  58). 

Ambrosia  hispida  Pursh.  Fl.  Am.  Sept.  Suppl.  743. 

A.  crithmifolia  de  C.  At  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines,  this 
species  grows  erect  and  strict  about  1  meter  high,  but  at  the  north- 
east point  of  Cozumel  (1577)  and  on  the  coast  dunes  at  Progreso, 
Yucatan  (1645),  it  is  prostrate  on  the  sands,  always  extending  itself 
toward  the  beach,  sometimes  6  meters. 

Parthenium  Hysterophorus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  988. 

This  species  does  not  appear  indigenous  at  any  of   the   following 


March,  igoo.         Plants  Utowan^e — Mjllspaugh.  107 

localities,  nor,  in  fact,  at  any  place  where  I  have  observed  it  in  the 
West  Indies;  although  it  is  credited  to  these  islands  by  authors,  I 
have  never  met  with  it  except  in  the  streets  of  towns  and  villages: 
Walsingham,  Bermuda  (80,  115);  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (387, 
475);  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (685);  San  Domingo  city  (778);  Santiago 
de  Cuba  (1047),  and  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1572). 

Pluchea  camphorata  (Linn.)  de  C.  Prodr.  5:452. 

Erigeron  camphoratum  Linn.      Conyza  camphorata  Ell. 

Opens  at  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1440).  Near  the  Caleta, 
Cozumel  (1532);  =  E.  petiolata  Cass,  the  same  form  also  from  the  bor- 
ders of  the  lagoons  south  of  Progreso  (1714).  • 

Pluchea  odorata  (L.)  Cass.  Diet.  Sci.  Nat.  13:3. 

Conyza  odorata  Linn.  A  conspicuous  shrubby  species,  known  in 
Yucatan  as  "Santa  Maria"  and  used  in  domestic  medicine  as  a  febri- 
fuge as  we  use  "Pone-set"  in  the  north:  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (192); 
south  shore  of  Culebras  Island  (577,  589);  Ratones  Island  (656)  and 
Guanica  Bay  (713),  Porto  Rico;  shores  of  Santiago  Bay,  Cuba  (1002, 
1117);  Pedernales  Point,  Isle  of  Pines  (1414),  and  the  Caleta,  Cozu- 
mel (1503,  1512). 

Leptilon  Canadense  (L.)  Britton  Brit.  &  Brown  111.  Fl.  3:391- 

Erigeron  Linn.  Roadsides  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (77);  Bay- 
amon,  Porto  Rico  (313);  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (940),  and  George- 
town, Grand  Cayman  (1259). 

Solidago  sempervirens  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  878. 

On  the  islets  in  Hamilton  Bay,  Bermuda  (8). 

Borrichia  arborescens  (L.)  de  C.  Prod.  5:489. 

Buphthalmiam  Linn.  With  the  preceding  (3),  and  shores  of 
Grand  Cayman  near  Georgetown  (1239). 

Borrichia  frutescens  de  C.  loc.  cit. 

Seashore  at   Santurce,    Porto    Rico    (264),    and   Culebras    Island 
(640). 
Borrichia  argentea  de  C.  loc  cit. 

Seashore  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica  (985);  the  shores  of  San- 
tiago Bay,  Cuba  (1017);  coral  rocks  at  The  Creek,  Cayman  Brae 
(1176),  where  it  is  known  as  "Lavender;"  sandy  beach  near  George- 
town, Grand  Cayman  (1242,  1247),  and  on  the  coral  rocks  east  shore 
of  Cozumel  (1586),  the  last  being  host  of  Sorosporium  Borrichia?  E. 
&  E.  sp.  nov. 

Wedelia  brachycarpa  Baker  Mart.  Fl.  Braz.  6,  3:181. 

Bed  of  a  dry   brook   near  its   mouth,  bay   shore   near   Charlotte      \S 
Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (366). 

Wedelia  buphthalmoides  (de  C.)  Griseb.  Goett.  Abh.  7:235. 

Anomostephiitm  de  C.  Shores  of  the  bay  near  Charlotte  Amalia, 
St.  Thomas  (405,  408). 


108  Field  Columbian   Museum — Botany,   Vol.    2. 

Wedelia  lanceolata  de  C.  Prod.  5:541. 

Shores  of  the  bay  of  Culebras  (579)  and  the  open  sea  on  the  south 
shore,  Culebras  Island  (639).  Our  specimens  agree  well  with  the 
description,  and  have  additionally  very  prominent  cottony  tufts  of 
long  strigose  wool  at  the  axils  of  all  the  larger  veins  beneath  the  leaf. 

Wedelia  trilobata  (L.)  Hitch.  PI.  Baham.  99. 

Silphium  Linn.,  W.  carnosa  Pers.  The  first  vegetation  on  the 
bay  beach  at  Catafio,  Porto  Rico  (143);  sea  beach  and  borders  of 
brackish  lagoon  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica, (957,  ,993),  and  the  shores 
at  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1245). 

Amellus  asper(a)  (Jacq.)  Ktze.  Rev.  Gen.  PI.  305. 

Calea  Jacq.,  Melanthera  deltoidea  Michx.  South  shore  of  Cule- 
bras Island  (627),  and  near  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1395). 

Amellus  niveus  (L.)  Ktze.  loc.  cit. 

Bidens  Linn.,  Melanthera  Small,  M.  Jiastata  Michx.  Barren 
places  near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (314);  open  dry  ground  center  of 
the  island  of  Cozumel  (1545),  and  old  fields  near  Progreso,  Yucatan 

(1723). 

Spilanthes  Beccabunga  de  C.  Prod.  5:622. 

Open  grassy  places  near  San  Miguel,  Cozumel  (1494). 

Salmea  pteroboides  Griseb.  Fl.  Br.  W.  I.  375. 

Sandy  open  places  on  the  south  shore  of  Cayman  Brae  (1231), 
and  near  Georgetown,  Grand  Cayman  (1404). 

Verbesina  alata  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  901. 

-Ditches  along  public  road  at  Catafio,  Porto  Rico  (328). 

Ucacou(a)  nodiflorum(a)  (L.)  Hitch.  Fl.  Baham.  100. 

Verbesina  Linn.,  Synedrella  Gaertn.  Roadsides  at  Caguas,  Porto 
Rico  (220),  and  at  Spot  Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1276). 

Bidens  andicola  H.  B.  K.  nov.  gen.  et  Sp.  4:237. 

Islets  in  Hamilton  Bay,  Bermuda  (16,24),  fide  Prof.  B.  L.  Rob- 
inson. 

Bidens  pilosa  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  832. 

Ditches  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (81),  and  seashore  at  Spot 
Bay,  Grand  Cayman  (1275),  where  the  plant  is  known  as  "Spanish 
Needles." 

Bidens  cynapiifolia  H.  B.  K.  nov.  gen.  et  Sp.  4:235. 

Ditches  on  hillside  south  of  Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (501), 
fide  Prof.  B.  L.  Robinson. 

Bidens  leucantha  (L.)  Willd.  Sp.  PL  3:1719. 

Coreopsis  Linn.  Roadside  ditches  at  Paget's,  Bermuda  (43);  sea- 
shore at  Catano,  Porto  Rico  (144,  166);  near  Port  Antonio,  Jamaica 
(945),  with  very  large  ray  florets;  at  Cape  Corientes,  Cuba  (1446,  1464). 


March,  igoo.         Plant/e  Utowan^e — -Millspaugii.  log 

Cosmos  caudatus  H.  B.  K.  nov.  gen.  et  Sp.  4:240. 

Roadside  in  damp  soil,  center  of  island  of  Grand  Cayman  (1353.) 

Tridax  procumbens  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  900. 

Dry  hillside  at  Morro  Castle,  Santiago  de  Cuba  (1066). 

Flaveria  linearis  Lag.  Gen.  et.  sp.  nov.  33. 

A  very  robust  and  foliose  form  collected  in  an  open  field  south 
of  Progreso,  Yucatan  (1652),  and  on  the  beach  of  Perez  Island,  Alac- 
ran  Shoals  (1753). 

Broteroa  trinervata  (Willd.)  Pers.  Ench.  Bot.  2:498. 

Naumbergia  trinervata  Willd.  Brotera  Contrayerba  Spr.  Flaveria 
repanda  Lag.  Ditches  near  Progreso  (1653)  and  along  the  railroad 
south  of  the  lagoon  crossing,  Progreso  (1699,  1731),  Yucatan. 

Porophyllum  Millspaughii  Robinson*  sp.  nov. 

Shrub  or  undershrub;  stems  and  primary  branches  terete,  cov- 
ered with  a  purplish-gray  smoothish  cortex,  widely  and  dichoto- 
mously  forked  (through  the  habitual  tendency  to  abortion  in  the 
terminal  bud);  leaves  elliptical,  rounded  at  both  ends,  coarsely  cre- 
nate  through  the  intrusion  on  each  edge  of  2  or  3  shallow  bays, 
membranaceous,  thin,  not  paler  beneath,  2.2  to  3.3  cm.  long,  1.4  to 
1.8  cm.  broad;  glands  intra-marginal,  the  lateral  lunate,  subtending 
the  bays,  the  terminal  one  linear,  coincident  with  the  apex  of  the 
midnerve,  other  glands  upon  the  surface  of  the  leaf  wholly  wanting; 
petioles  slender,  5  mm.  long;  peduncles  1.3  to  1.8  cm.  long,  slender, 
scarcely  thickened  upward;  involucral  bracts  oblong-linear,  1.2  cm. 
long,  scarious-margined,  usually  browned  at  the  tip;  glands  dark, 
linear;  usually. biseriate,  heads  usually  nodding  in  anthesis;  flowers 
about  18,  greenish-white;  corolla  9  mm.  long,  puberulent  upon  the 
outer  surface;  achenes  purplish  black,  somewhat  attenuate  and 
(under  a  lens)  upwardly  hispid,  8  mm.  long.  Progreso,  Yucatan,  5 
Mar.,  1899  (1648).  Types  in  Herb.  Field  Col.  Mus.  No.  61648,  and 
Herb.  Gray. 

This  species  is  obviously  related  to  P.  Ervendbergii,  Gray,  and 
P.  nummular  turn,  D.  C.  It  is  distinguished,  however,  by  the  absence 
of  the  irregularly  distributed  superficial  glands  which  are  present  on 
the  leaves  of  both  the  species  mentioned.  It  also  has  somewhat 
shorter  peduncles,   and  larger  leaves. 

Pectis  Cubensis  (Rich.)  Griseb.  Cat.  PI.  Cub.  156,  fide M.  A.  Fernald. 
Laurentia  Rich.      Fine  full   masses  of  this  species  were  found  in 
the  sand  of  the   roadside  at   Spot  Bay,    Grand  Cayman   (1279),   but 
not  seen  elsewhere  on  the  island.      It  is  called  "Flat-weed,"  and  is 
used  in  infusion  as  a  stomachic  tonic. 

Erechthites  hieracifolia  (L.)  Raf.  de  C.  Prod.  6:294. 

Senecio  hieracifolius  Linn.  In  an  old  field  near  Pedernales  Point, 
Isle  of  Pines  (1418). 

*Prof.  B.  L.  Robinson,  Gray  Herbarium,  Cambridge.  Mass. 


no  Field  Columbian  Museum — Botany,   Vol.   2. 

Emilia  sonchifolia  (L.)  de  C.  Prod.  6:302. 

Cacalia  Linn.  Railroad  embankment  and  dry  stony  roadway 
near  Bayamon,  Porto  Rico  (303,  318);  stony  bed  of  a  dry  brook  near 
Charlotte  Amalia,  St.  Thomas  (466). 

Cichorium  Intybus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  813. 

Roadside  banks  at  Walsingham,  Bermuda  (103). 

Sonchus  oleraceus  Linn.  Sp.  PI.  794. 

Waste  ground  and  open  woodlands  near  Walsingham  (74,  95), 
and  near  Hamilton  (131),  Bermuda. 

Sonchus  asper  (L.)  All.  Flor.  Ped.  1:222. 

•5".  oleraceus  var.  asper  Linn.  Waste  grounds  at  Paget's,  Ber- 
muda (63). 

Lactuca  intybacea  Jacq.  Ic.  PI.  Rar.  1  t.  162. 

Brachyramphtts  intybaceus  de  C.  Tall  specimens,  1.5  meters  high, 
from  hillside  at  the  bay  of  Guanica,  Porto  Rico  (759),  and  Morro  Hill, 
Santiago  de  Cuba  (1067,  1070).  Small,  but  fully  developed,  speci- 
mens, 15-20  cm.,  simple  stemmed,  from  grassland  near  Progreso, 
Yucatan  (1701),  together  with  taller  branchy  plants  (1706,  1709)  from 
the  same  locality.