Skip to main content

Full text of "Portland past and present, issued under the endorsement of the Portland board of trade and city government;"

See other formats 


st- 
ir 


/ 


HP* 


H* 


r  J      H      " 


\  1 « 


SOUVENIR 

EDITION 

PORTLAND 

EVENING 

EXPRESS 


>....-■■'■ 


K 


ft 
ft" 


.„-■-' 
^r^ 


8qpTO^fqc¥?Ff^  pf^spf5^  ^ 


Photos   by  J.    Harry   Lamson. 

So.  Portland  Ferry 


Harpswell  Line. 


New  Falmouth  House. 
Casco  Bay  Steamers. 


/ 
Souvenir  Edition 


OF  THE 


Portland  Evening   Express 


DESCRIBING  AND  ILLUSTRATING 

PORTLAND,    MAINE,    FROM    EARLIEST    SETTLEMENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 

ISSUED  UNDER  THE 

ENDORSEMENT  OF  THE  PORTLAND  BOARD  OF  TRADE 
AND  CITY  GOVERNMENT 


Compiled  by  C.  Bancroft  Gillespie 


CONTENTS 


Concise    History;      Old     Landmarks;     Picturesque    Scenes;     Institutions;     Churches: 
Schools;  Statements  Regarding  Health, Wealth  and  Prosperity;  Advantage  of  Local- 
ity as  a   Place   of  Business,    Residence   and    Summer    Resort ;    Resources   and 
Opportunities;  Board  of  Trade;  City  Government;  Visit  of  the  Royal  Scots  ; 
Portraits  and  Biographical  Sketches  of  Present  and  Former  Residents ; 
a1  so    Those    Active    in    Business,    Professional     and    Public    Life; 
Manufacturing,  Trade  and   Commerce. 


published  by 

Evening  Express  Publishing  Company, 

greater  portland,  maine 

1899 


In  Paper,  25  Cents  ;      In  Cloth,  75  Cents 
First  Edition,  5,000  Copies 


•  t^Gfif 


THE   MAYORS   OF   PORTLAND. 


HISTORIC  OUTLINE  AND  SCENIC 
DESCRIPTION      OF     PORTLAND, 

MAINE,    ^e^^e^e^e^s^eoe 


HOR  convenience  in  classify- 
ing events  in  a  sketch  that 
must  of  necessity  be  brief, 
— '  the  history  of  Portland  may 
be  divided  into  five  periods.  First, 
from  the  settlement  of  the  town  to 
its  destruction  by  the  French  and 
Indians  in  1690;  second,  from  1690 
to  its  destruction  by  Mowatt  in  1775  ; 
third,  the  period  of  slow  recuperation 
and  growth  that  preceded  the  dawn 
of  the  railroad  era  in  1846  ;  fourth, 
the  score  of  years  previous  to  the  great 
fire;  fifth,  from  1866  down  to  the 
present  time.  There  is  good  authori- 
ty for  the  statement  that  Captain 
Christopher  Leavitt  visited  Casco  Bay 
in  1623,  and  built  a  house  at  the 
westerly  end  of  the  peninsula,  called 
by  the  Indians  Machigonue,  later 
occupied  by  the  city  of  Portland  :  but 
the  generally  accepted  date  of  the  first 
settlement  is  1632,  in  which  year 
George  Cleeves  and  Richard  Tucker 
cleared  land,  planted  corn  and  built  a 
house  near  what  is  now  the  site  of  the 
Grand  Trunk  railroad  depot.  From 
what  is  known  of  the  previous  history 
of  these  pioneers  it  is  safe  to  assume 
that  they  were  independent  adven- 
turers from  England.  They  settled 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Spurwink  River  in 
1630,  but  were  driven  away  by  John 
Winter,  who  was  agent  for  Robert 
Trelawney  and  Moses  Goodyear,  Lon- 
don merchants,  who  held  from  the 
Plymouth  Colony,  under  date  of 
December,    1631,   a  grant  of  land  in- 


cluding Richmonds  Island  and  Cape 
Elizabeth.  Cleeves  and  Tucker  were 
at  first  squatters,  that  is,  they  had  no 
legal  title  to  the  land  they  occupied, 
but  in  the  year  1637,  Cleeves  went  to 
England  and  obtained  from  Sir  Ferdi- 
nando  Gorges,  who  held  from  the 
crown  a  large  amount  of  land  in  this 
region,  a  grant  which  included  not 
only  the  peninsula  but  considerable  ad- 
jacent land  and  an  island  in  the  bay. 
The  limits  of  this  Gorges  grant,  as  de- 
fined in  the  original  deed,  was  as  fol- 
lows :  ' '  Beginning  at  the  furthermost 
point  of  a  neck  of  land,  called  by  the 
Indians  Machegonne,  and  now  and 
forever  henceforth  to  be  called  and 
known  by  the  name  Stogummor.and  so 
along  the  same  westerly  as  it  tendeth 
to  the  first  falls  of  a  little  river  issuing 
out  of  a  very  small  pond,  and  from 
thence  overland  to  falls  of  Presumca, 
being  the  first  falls  in  that  river  upon  a 
straight  line,  containing  by  estimation 
from  fall  to  fall,  as  aforesaid,  near 
about  an  English  mile,  which  togeth- 
er with  the  said  neck  of  land  that  the 
said  George  Cleeves  and  Richard 
Tucker  have  planted  for  divers  years, 
already  expired,  is  estimated  to  be  in 
the  whole  1,500  acres  or  thereabouts, 
as  also  one  island  adjacent  to  the  said 
premises,  and  now  in  the  tenure  and 
occupation  of  said  George  Cleeves  and 
Richard  Tucker,  commonly  called 
and  known  by  the  name  of  Hogg's 
Island."  The  land  thus  described 
was  conveyed    for  a   period  of    2,000 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT. 


years,  and  the  consideration  was  ^"ioo 
sterling  and  an  animal  quit  rent.  As 
the  demand  came  this  land  was  par- 
celed out  to  settlers  and  the  settlement 
came  to  be  known  as  Casco,  a  corrup- 
tion of  the  Indian  word  ' '  Aucocisco, ' ' 
translated  by  some  as  meaning  ' '  a 
resting-place, ' '  by  others  as  ' '  heron ' ' 
or  "crane."  The  peninsula,  which 
is  about  three  miles  long,  with  an 
average  width  of  three-fourths  of  a 
mile,  was  known  as  Casco  Neck  until 


ment  of  the  colony.  He  married 
Cleeves'  only  child,  Elizabeth,  and 
took  up  his  residence  on  an  island, 
now  known  as  Peaks  Island,  leased  to 
him  by  his  father-in-law,  December 
28,  1637.  Cleeves  and  Tucker  had 
taken  legal  possession  of  their  new 
grant  on  June  8,  of  the  same  year. 
In  1640,  Thomas  Gorges,  son  of  Sir 
Ferdinando  Gorges,  came  to  Saco  and 
assumed  general  charge  of  the  region 
known  as  Ligonia,  but  without  inter- 


GREATER    PORTLAND   CITY    HALL. 


the  year  1658,  when  Massachusetts 
changed  the  name  to  Falmouth,  a 
name  which  was  applied  to  a  large 
extent  of  surrounding  territory,  but 
locally  the  peninsula  continued  to  be 
known  by  its  old  name  until  its  incor- 
poration as  the  town  of  Portland  in 
1786.  Cleeves,  having  accomplished 
the  obieot  of  his  mission  to  England, 
returned  to  America  accompanied  by 
a  man  named  Michael  Mitton,  who 
took  a  prominent  part  in  the  develop- 


fering  in  any  manner  with  Cleeves. 
The  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  in  Eng- 
land, in  1642,  made  it  necessary  for 
Cleeves  to  visit  the  mother  country, 
for  Gorges  had  elected  to  share  the 
fortunes  of  King  Charles,  and  if  vic- 
tory should  permanently  perch  upon 
the  banner  of  Cromwell,  Cleeves'  pos- 
sessions in  the  new  world  would  be 
in  imminent  danger  of  confiscation. 
Cleeves  obtained  a  new  land  commis- 
sion    from     Col.      Rigby,     who     had 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


purchased  the  title  of  the  prov- 
ince of  Iyigonia  for  a  nominal  sum, 
and  returned  to  America  as  Rigby's 
agent.  He  at  once  claimed  the  right 
to  exercise  governing  powers  and 
established  his  court  at  Casco.  His 
authority  was  at  once  disputed  by 
Vines,  who,  as  deputy  for  Gorges, 
held  court  at  Saco.  The  colonists 
naturally  took  sides,  those  on  the 
neck  with  Cleeves,  those  to  the  south- 
ward with  Vines.  Governor  Win- 
throp  of  Massachusetts  was  asked  by 
both  parties  to  decide  the  dispute,  but 
as  the  final  answer  must  depend  upon 


what  he  considered  his  rights.  This 
was  a  period  of  disaster  for  the  strug- 
gling colon}',  for  there  was  no  settled 
government  and,  consequently,  no 
proper  enforcement  of  the  laws.  The 
long  quarrel  terminated  only  when 
Massachusetts  put  in  her  claim  to  the 
territory  in  dispute,  offering  as  evi- 
dence of  her  title  the  charter  and 
agreement  of  the  Plymouth  Colony 
with  King  James  in  1620.  The 
inhabitants  of  Ligonia,  forgetting 
their  own  more  local  quarrel,  with  one 
accord  disputed  the  right  of  Massa- 
chusetts   to    govern    them,   but    their 


^  %    &. 

+      'IJB 


CUSTOM    HOUSE. 


which  side  won  in  the  civil  struggle 
in  England,  his  decision  was  delayed. 
As  it  happened  that  Cromwell  and 
parliament  won,  Charles  I.  lost  his 
crown  and  his  head,  and  so  Rigby's 
title  was  sustained.  In  1647,  as 
Rigby's  agent,  Cleeves  assumed  con- 
trol over  Ligonia,  a  province  which 
included  Saco,  Spunvink,  Richmond 
Island,  Scarboro  and  Casco,  and  all 
the  territory  from  Cape  Elizabeth  to 
Cape  Porpoise,  inclusive.  Col.  Rigby 
died  in  1650,  and  once  more  Cleeves 
went  to  England,  where  he  remained 
two   years,    engaged    in   a    battle    for 


objections  availed  nothing,  except  to 
postpone  the  inevitable.  In  1658, 
Massachusetts  took  formal  possession 
of  the  province,  the  inhabitants  of 
which  were  obliged  to  sign  a  document 
acknowledging  their  submission.  The 
terms  of  this  document  were  as  fol- 
lows :  "  We,  the  inhabitants  of  Black 
Point,  Blue  Point,  Spunvink  and 
Casco  Bay,  with  all  the  islands  there- 
with belonging,  do  deem  and  acknow- 
ledge ourselves  to  be  subject  to  the 
government  of  Massachusetts  Bay,  in 
the  northeast,  as  appears  by  our 
particular    subscriptions  in    reference 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


to  those  articles  formerly  granted  to 
Dover,  Kitten-  and  York,  which  are 
now  granted  and  confirmed  unto  us, 
together  with  some  conditions  as  upon 
record  doth  appear."  The  inhabi- 
tants of  the  province  of  Ligonia  were 
nearly  all  members  of  the  Church  of 
England,  and  as  a  consequence  were 
opposed  to  the  ideas  and  practices  of 
Puritanism,  but  the  civil  privileges 
granted  them  were  in  all  respects  sim- 
ilar to  those  enjoyed  by  the  residents 
of  the  province  of  Massachusetts  Bay, 
and  were  not  to  be  forfeited  by  differ- 
ences in  religion.  In  spite  of  the 
popular  opposition  to  this  assumption 
of     government,     subsequent    events 


meeting-house  was  built  on  land  now 
occupied  by  the  Portland  Company's 
works.  It  was  not  a  stately  edifice, 
being  simply  a  one-story  structure, 
built  of  logs,  with  three  windows  on 
each  side.  In  the  year  1676  there 
were  forty  families  in  town,  but  of 
these  only  four  or  five  families  lived 
on  the  Neck,  and  this  handful  was 
driven  away  by  the  Indians  during 
that  year,  in  what  is  known  as  King 
Philip's  war.  In  1678  the  old  settlers 
returned  and  as  a  protective  measure 
Fort  Loyal  was  built  on  Munjoy  Hill. 
A  party  of  French  Protestants  settled 
here  about  this  time,  and  the  settle- 
ment   took   on  an    air  of   prosperity. 


PORTLAND    POST  OFFICE   AND    U.    S.    GOVERNMENT   BUILDING. 


proved  that  it  was  the  best  thing  that 
could  have  happened  to  the  colony, 
divided  as  it  was  by  internal  dissen- 
sions. The  energies  of  the  first  set- 
tlers were  directed  toward  the  develop- 
ment of  commercial  resources, in  catch- 
ing and  curing  the  fish  with  which  the 
waters  of  the  bay  abounded,  and  in 
trade  with  the  Indians.  In  the  latter 
occupation  it  is  but  fair  to  say  that  the 
advantage  was  not  always  on  the  side 
of  the  Indians.  With  the  incorpora- 
tion of  the  town  came  the  first  minis- 
ter of  the  gospel,  Rev.  George  Bur- 
roughs, a  graduate  of  Harvard,  who 
began  his  ministry  in  1674.     The  first 


Roads  were  laid  out  and  the  people 
began  to  turn  their  attention  to  varied 
industries.  The  first  mill,  built  in 
1657,  was  destroyed  in  1676,  and  in 
1 68 1  the  first  tavern  opened  its  doors 
to  public  patronage.  In  1688  the 
population  of  Falmouth  had  increased 
to  about  seven  hundred  persons,  com- 
prising eighty  families,  and  of  this 
number  twenty-five  families  had 
homes  on  the  Neck.  A  very  small 
part  of  the  land  on  the  peninsula 
was  cultivated,  and  westward  of 
what  is  now  Center  street  was  _  the 
primeval  forest,  the  home  of  all  kinds 
of  wild  animals,  from  the  timid  deer 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


to  the  fierce  "  Indian  devil,"  or  pan- 
ther. The  agricultural  resources  of 
the  country  had  not  been  developed  to 
any  great  extent,  owing  to  the  atten- 
tion given  to  commerce,  and  a  large 
part  of  the  food  supply  of  the  town 
came  by  water  from  places  more  or  less 
remote.  As  might  be  expected,  there 
were  times  of  plenty  and  times  of  scarc- 
ity, and  on  many  an  occasion  the  ar- 
rival of  a  cargo  of  corn  was  the  signal 
for  general  rejoicing.  Trouble  be- 
tween the  French  and  Indians  on  the 
one  side  and  the  English  on  the  other 
had  long  been  brewing,  and  matters 
reached  a  climax  in  1689,  when  Fal- 


Fort  Iyoyal,  to  which  the  enemy  laid 
siege,  capturing  it  after  five  days. 
The  men  who  survived,  including  the 
commander  of  the  garrison,  Capt. 
Davis,  were  taken  to  Canada  as  pris- 
oners. From  this  time  until  the  close 
of  Queen  Anne's  war,  in  17 13,  Fal- 
mouth as  a  settlement  was  practically 
deserted.  Those  who  attempted  to 
make  homes  there  were  killed  or 
driven  away  by  the  Indians.  But  the 
would-be  settlers  were  persistent  and 
at  last  various  circumstances  combined 
to  eliminate  the  danger  from  hostile 
Indians  and  restore  confidence.  In 
17 18    we    find    that   twenty    families 


MAINE    GENERAL   HOSPITAL. 


mouth,  as  the  most  northerly  of  the 
English  settlements,  was  attacked  by 
the  combined  force  of  the  French  and 
Indians.  The  timely  arrival  of  Major 
Church,  at  the  head  of  a  force  of 
friendly  Indians  and  volunteers,  saved 
for  a  time  the  little  settlement,  for  the 
invaders  were  repulsed  and  driven 
away.  -The  next  year,  1690,  the  place 
was  again  attacked  by  a  force  of  500 
French  and  Indians.  The  settlers 
made  a  stubborn  resistance  and  after 
a  fierce  engagement  on  Munjoy  Hill, 
in  which  Lieut.  Clark  and  thirteen 
men  were  killed,  they  took  refuge  in 


claimed  Casco  Neck  as  their  place  of 
residence,  the  settlement  being  near 
the  foot  of  what  is  now  India  street. 
After  the  year  1725  Falmouth  suffered 
little  by  reason  of  Indian  invasion  ; 
the  town  had  ceased  to  be  a  frontier 
post  and  the  natural  resources  of  the 
locality  began  to  be  developed.  In 
1725  its  commerce  had  reached  such 
proportions  that  it  is  noted  that  thirty 
vessels  were  seen  lying  at  anchor  in 
the  harbor  at  one  time,  and  an  exten- 
sive export  trade  in  furs,  fish  and 
lumber  was  being  built  up.  In  1727 
Rev.    Thomas    Smith,    the    Samuel 


s 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Pepys  of  Portland's  middle  period, 
began  his  ministerial  labors  of  more 
than  three-fourths  of  a  century.  In 
1753  the  population  of  the  Neck  was 
720,  and  this  had  increased  to  2,000 in 
1774.  During  the  half-century  from 
1725  to  1775,  while  the  settlement 
was  at  peace  with  the  Indians,  its 
prosperity  was  retarded  by  frequent 
conflicts  with  the  French.  However, 
the  town  was  surely,  if  slowly,  in- 
creasing in  population  and  wealth 
and  a  profitable  trade  with  the  West 
Indies  had  been  established.  When 
the  Revolution  broke  out  the  men  of 
the  colony  responded  nobly  to  the 
call  and  denounced  in  strongest  terms 


squad  of  militia  from  Brunswick  and 
detained  for  a  time  at  Falmouth. 
Mowatt  neither  forgot  nor  forgave 
this,  and  on  October  18,  of  the  same 
year,  he  entered  the  harbor  with  a  fleet 
of  war  vessels  and  demanded  that  the 
citizens  give  up  their  arms.  This  the 
patriotic  inhabitants  refused  to  do  and 
as  many  as  could  get  away  fled  to  the 
surrounding  country,  taking  with 
them  what  household  goods  they  were 
able  to  move.  Mowatt,  angered  by 
this  resistance,  and  remembering  the 
indignity  he  had  been  caused  to  suffer 
a  few  months  before,  bombarded  the 
town  and  set  it  on  fire.  Of  the  five 
hundred    and    fourteen    buildings   in 


PORTLAND    ARMORY. 


the  unpopular  measures  of  the  home 
government,  and  the  news  that  the 
port  of  Boston  had  been  closed  by  the 
English  authorities  was  followed  by 
the  order  to  toll  the  bell  on  the  Fal- 
mouth meeting-house  from  sunrise  to 
sunset.  On  receipt  of  the  news  of  the 
battle  of  Lexington  the  settlement 
equipped  a  company  and  sent  it  to 
Cambridge  to  fight  for  liberty.  At 
the  very  opening  of  hostilities  the 
town  was  destined  to  feel  the  blight- 
ing effects  of  war  as  few  towns  have 
ever  felt  it,  in  an  act  which  had  in  it 
a  touch  of  the  element  of  personal 
spite.  In  the  spring  of  1775  Captain 
Henry    Mowatt   wras    captured    by    a 


the  town,  but  one  hundred  were  left 
standing.  The  direct  financial  loss 
was  estimated  at  something  over  one- 
fourth  of  a  million  dollars,  and  the 
act  has  been  given  a  place  in  history 
as  one  of  the  most  .shameful  and  cow- 
ardly events  of  the  Revolution.  So 
great  was  the  shock  that  from  this 
time  until  the  signing  of  the  treaty  at 
the  end  of  the  war  the  history  of  Fal- 
mouth is  a  blank,  for  during  that  time 
no  determined  effort  was  made  to  re- 
pair damages  or  to  resurrect  dead 
industries.  The  return  of  peace 
heralded  the  dawn  of  an  era  of  pros- 
perity, and  within  the  year  next  fol- 
lowing  the    signing    of    the    treaty, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


forty-one  dwellings,  ten  stores  and 
seven  shops  were  erected.  During 
the  year  1785  the  construction  of  the 
first  brick  house  was  begun  and  the 
first  newspaper,  ' '  The  Falmouth  Ga- 
zette and  Weekly  Advertiser,"  was 
started.  The  year  1786  was  an  im- 
portant one,  for  it  was  during  that 
year  that  Casco  Neck  severed  its 
connection  with  Falmouth  and  was 
incorporated  as  a  separate  town, 
called  Portland,  in  honor  of  a  town 
in  Cornwall,  England.  The  new 
town  had  a  population  of  about  2,000, 
and  its  location  and  the  public  spirit 
of  its  citizens  were  the  elements  that 


fiscation.  One  consequence  of  this 
practical  monopoly  of  a  profitable 
industry  was  the  rapid  accumulation 
of  what  were  in  those  days  considered 
large  fortunes,  and  much  of  this 
wealth  was  used  in  erecting  beautiful 
residences  and  substantial  business 
blocks.  But  Portland's  prosperity 
was  to  suffer  a  severe  check  through 
the  non-interference  policy  adopted 
by  the  general  government  in  1806, 
and  the  embargo  which  followed  in 
1807,  in  which  year  the  failure  of 
eleven  business  firms  occurred.  Ship- 
ping fell  off  9,000  tons  in  two  years 
and  many  persons  to  whom  this  in- 


PORTLAND   ATHLETIC   CLUB   HOUSE. 


combined  to  place  it  in  the  lead  of 
most  New  England  towns  in  percent- 
age of  growth  in  population  and  in 
material  prosperity.  Portland's  ship- 
ping had  increased  from  5,000  tons 
in  1789  to  30,000  in  1807.  This 
rapid  increase  in  shipping  was  large- 
ly caused  by  business  men  taking 
advantage  of  the  fact  that  during  the 
time  Napoleon  was  master  of  nearly 
all  Europe,  American  ships  were  al- 
most the  only  ones  declared  neutral, 
and  the  natural  result  was  that 
American  ship  owners  nearly  monop- 
olized the  ocean  carrying  trade,  as 
they  ran  little  risk  of  seizure  and  con- 


dustry  had  given  employment  were 
forced  into  idleness,  and  thousands, 
directly  and  indirectly  were  materi- 
ally affected.  A  true  picture  of  that 
period  of  disaster  is  a  sad  one.  Ves- 
sels were  allowed  to  fill  and  sink  at 
the  wharves,  or  were  beached  and 
broken  up  for  fuel,  and  a  death-like 
lethargy  fell  upon  what  had  but  a 
few  months  before  been  one  of  the 
most  bustling  towns  on  the  New 
England  coast.  Political  difficulties 
at  last  culminated  in  the  war  of  181 2, 
in  which  the  citizens  of  Portland  took 
a  part  worthy  of  emulation.  It  was 
off  Portland  harbor  that  one  of    the 


IO 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


most  notable  naval  engagements  of 
the  struggle  was  fought,  September 
5,  1813.  This  was  the  fight  between 
the  United  States  brig  Enterprise  and 
H.  M.  brig  Boxer,  in  which  the  actual 
fighting  lasted  only  about  half  an 
hour,  but  during  that  time  the  com- 
manders of  both  vessels  were  mor- 
tally wounded.  It  is  not  known 
what  the  actual  English  loss  was,  as 
several  bodies  were  thrown  overboard 
before  the  surrender,  but  thirteen  of 
the  Boxer's  crew  and  twelve  of  the 
officers  and  crew  of  the  Enterprise 
were  wounded.  The  dead  command- 
ers were  given  a  public  funeral  and 
were  buried  in  the  Eastern  cemetery 


the  growth  was  healthy  and  perma- 
nent, and  as  values  became  readjusted 
confidence  was  restored,  and  if  the 
chances  for  the  rapid  accumulation 
of  wealth  were  not  as  plenty  as  they 
once  had  been  there  was  at  least  that 
feeling  of  security  that  leads  to  the 
opening  of  new  industries  and  enter- 
prises. In  1832,  two  centuries  after 
its  settlement,  Portland  accepted  a 
city  charter,  its  population  at  that 
time  being  about  13,000.  The  begin- 
ning of  the  era  of  steam  navigation 
opened  many  new  business  possibili- 
ties. The  steamboat  Patent  was  the 
first  vessel  of  this  class  brought  to 
Maine.     This  boat  was  of  about  one 


FORT   PREBLE. 


on  Munjoy  Hill.  The  treaty  of  peace 
was  signed  in  181 5,  and  a  period  of 
slow  recovery  followed  until  1846, 
when  the  railroad  brought  with  it  new 
conditions  to  be  taken  into  account 
in  the  race  for  commercial  supremacy. 
In  March,  1820,  the  district  of  Maine 
was  separated  from  Massachusetts 
and  admitted  into  the  Union  as  a 
state.  Portland  became  its  capital, 
an  honor  which  it  retained  until  1832, 
in  which  year  the  seat  of  govern- 
ment was  removed  to  Augusta.  The 
growth  in  population  since  18 10  had 
been  slow,  and  in  1820  the  inhabi- 
tants numbered  but  8,581 .     However, 


hundred  tons  burden  ;  it  was  bought 
in  New  York  by  Capt.  Seward  Porter 
in  1823,  and  was  put  on  the  route 
between  Portland  and  Boston  to  run 
as  a  passenger  boat.  In  1833  the 
steamer  Chancellor  Livingston,  built 
under  the  direction  of  the  inventor, 
Robert  Fulton,  was  running  on  the 
Portland- Boston  route  and  during  the 
the  same  year  the  Cumberland  Steam 
Navigation  Company  was  formed  and 
the  Commodore  McDonough  was  put 
on  as  an  opposition  boat.  The  Port- 
land Steam  Packet  Company,  run- 
ning a  line  of  boats  between  the  same 
ports,  was  organized  in  1844.     The 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


ii 


Cumberland  and  Oxford  Canal,  con- 
necting Sebago  Lake  and  Portland 
harbor,  was  begun  in  1828  and  com- 
pleted two  years  later  at  a  cost  of 
$206,000.  All  this  helped  business 
to  a  certain  extent,  but  owing  to  its 
railroad  connections  Boston  absorbed 
a  large  amount  of  trade  that  formerly 
came  to  Portland  from  the  region  be- 
yond the  White  Mountains.  It  was 
seen  at  once  that  if  Portland  was  to 
hold  its  own  this  business  must  be 
recovered,  or  the  loss  balanced  by 
new  business  from  another  quarter. 
Business  men  saw  disaster  in  the  situ- 
ation if  allowed  to  continue,  and,  led 


profitably  invested.  The  road  was 
leased  by  the  Grand  Trunk  Railway 
of  Canada  and  became  part  of  a  sys- 
tem that  is  now  a  potent  factor  in 
the  well-being  of  millions  of  people. 
With  the  advent  of  the  new  road 
came  the  need  of  a  suitable  business 
thoroughfare  along  Portland's  water 
front,  and  Commercial  street  was  the 
result.  Another  adjunct  of  this  road 
was  a  winter  line  of  steamers  to 
Europe.  Then  came  the  building  of 
various  railroad  lines  throughout  the 
state,  opening  to  business  enterprise 
a  vast  region  of  enormous  resources, 
and  now  controlled  by  the  Maine  Cen- 


TUKEY'S   BRIDGE. 


by  that  pioneer  in  the  railroad  history 
of  Maine,  John  A.  Poor,  they  con- 
ceived the  idea  of  a  railroad  to  Can- 
ada, thus  furnishing  an  outlet  for  the 
agricultural  products  of  the  great 
prairie  regions  of  the  West.  So  it 
came  about  that  in  1853  the  Atlantic 
&  St.  Lawrence  Railroad  was  com- 
pleted to  a  junction  with  the  road 
from  Montreal,  a  distance  of  one  hun- 
dred and  forty-nine  miles  from  Port- 
land. The  city  loaned  its  credit  in 
bonds  to  the  amount  of  $2,000,000, 
and  it  is  entirely  safe  to  say  that  the 
same  sum  of  money  was  never  more 


tral.  The  business  brought  to  Port- 
land by  these  lines,  by  steamers  and 
coasting  vessels,  in  addition  to  a  large 
trade  with  the  West  Indies,  made  the 
vicinity  of  the  wharves  a  busy  place. 
Brown's  sugar  house,  the  Portland 
Company's  works,  and  many  other 
industries,  had  their  beginning  dur- 
ing this  season  of  prosperity.  Owing 
to  excellent  foresight  on  the  part  of 
her  business  men,  Portland's  material 
growth  was  not  seriously  checked  by 
the  financial  panic  of  1857-58  and 
what  trade  was  lost  was  soon  recov- 
ered.    Portland's  part  in  the  War  of 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


the  Rebellion  was  an  eminently  hon- 
orable one.  The  city  promptly  met 
the  demand  made  upon  it  and  fur- 
nished six  companies  of  the  First 
Maine  Regiment.  Later  regiments 
organized  in  Portland  were  the  Fifth, 
Ninth,  Tenth,  Twelfth,  Thirteenth, 
Seventeenth  and  Twenty-fifth,  and 
the  men  of  the  Forest  City  gave  good 
account  of  themselves  when  brought 
face  to  face  with  the  enemy.  To  the 
army  and  navy  during  the  Rebellion 
the  city  gave  5,000  men,  about  one- 
sixth  of  its  total  population,  and  of 
this  number  four  hundred  and  twen- 


had  taken  possession  of  the  cutter 
and  that  they  were  becalmed  near 
Green  Island.  When  the  pursuing 
steamers  approached,  the  captors  of 
the  Cushing  set  their  prize  on  fire 
and  took  to  their  boats.  The  Cush- 
ing blew  up  and  the  rebels  were  soon 
captured  and  taken  to  Fort  Preble  as 
prisoners  of  war.  During  the  Rebel- 
lion much  shipping  was  transferred 
to  British  registry,  but  otherwise  the 
business  of  the  city  did  not  suffer  to 
any  great  extent.  On  July  4,  1866, 
a  carelessly  thrown  firecracker  set 
fire  to  a  boat  builder's  shop  on  Com- 


PORTLAND   HEAD    LIGHT. 


ty-one  lost  their  lives  in  battle  or  by 
disease.  To  her  soldiers  and  sailors 
Portland  paid  bounties  amounting  to 
$428,970,  and  in  addition  large  sums 
were  privately  contributed  to  the 
cause  of  freedom.  The  most  exciting 
local  incident  of  the  war  was  the  cap- 
ture of  the  United  States  revenue 
cutter  Caleb  Cushing  by  the  rebels 
in  Portland  harbor.  One  morning  in 
June,  1863,  the  cutter  was  missed 
from  her  moorings  and  the  steamers 
Forest  City  and  Chesapeake  were 
armed,  manned  and  sent  in  pursuit. 
It  was  soon  discovered  that  the  rebels 


mercial  street,  near  the  foot  of  High 
street,  and  a  conflagration  was  started 
that  for  comparative  destructiveness 
may  be  classed  with  the  Chicago  fire 
of  187 1  and  the  Boston  fire  of  1872. 
The  local  fire  department  was  inade- 
quate to  successfully  cope  with  a  fire 
of  such  magnitude  as  this  soon  be- 
came, and  help  was  summoned  from 
Saco,  Biddeford,  Bath,  Augusta, 
Gardiner,  Lewiston  and  Boston.  The 
work  of  this  combined  force  was  al- 
most without  avail  in  stopping  the 
progress  of  the  flames,  and  when  the 
fire  at  last  burned  itself    out   10,000 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


13 


people  were  homeless.  An  area  of 
about  two  hundred  acres  had  been 
burned  over  and  fifteen  hundred 
buildings  were  in  ashes.  A  city  of 
tents  and  rough  board  huts  sprang 
into  existence  on  Munjoy  Hill  and 
contributions  from  outside  the  city 
and  state  provided  clothing  for  the 
destitute  and  food  for  the  hungry. 
Offers  of  assistance  were  received 
from  every  part  of   the   Union,  and 


made  wider  and  the  new  buildings 
were  more  substantial  and  handsomer 
architecturally.  Meantime  the  busi- 
ness facilities  of  the  city  continued  to 
grow.  In  1873  the  Boston  &  Maine 
Railroad  was  extended  from  South 
Berwick  to  Portland,  and  in  1875  the 
Portland  &  Rochester  Railroad  com- 
pleted its  connections  writh  Nashua, 
N.  H.,  and  Worcester,  Mass.  Dur- 
ing the    latter  year   the  Portland  & 


FORT  ALLEN    PARK,    PORTLAND,    SHOWING   U.    S.    GOVERNMENT  WARSHIPS   IN    HARBOR. 


the  cash  contributions  from  outside 
sources  amounted  to  more  than  $600,- 
000.  The  shock  was  a  severe  one, 
but  the  reaction  quickly  followed,  and 
what  was  almost  despair  gave  place  to 
a  philosophical  determination  to  pluck 
good  out  of  evil  by  taking  advantage 
of  the  occasion  to  rebuild  the  city  on 
lines  more  in  accordance  with  the 
demands  of  the  age.  Many  of  the 
old    streets    were    straightened    and 


Ogdensburg  Railroad,  through  the 
White  Mountains,  was  completed, 
thus  forming  another  link  between 
Portland  and  the  West.  In  1870  the 
Sebago  Lake  water  service  was  com- 
pleted, thereby  giving  the  city  a  sup- 
ply unsurpassed  in  quality  and  quan- 
tity. The  events  of  later  years  are 
matters  of  common  knowledge.  In 
the  recent  war  with  Spain  the  loyalty 
of  the  residents  of  Portland  was  once 


H 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


more  apparent,  and  although  those 
who  volunteered  in  the  cause  of  lib- 
erty saw  little  fighting,  they  braved 
the  dangers  of  inaction  in  unhealthy 
camps,  and  as  a  consequence  many 
homes  cherish  the  memory  of  brave 
boys  who  succumbed  in  the  unequal 
fight  with  the  King  of  Terrors.  The 
city  has  continued  to  grow  steadily 
in  wealth  and  population,  and  since 
1880  has  made  rapid  advance  along 
all  the  lines  that  converge  in  a 
prosperous  commercial  and  manufac- 
turing city.  The  valuation  has  in- 
creased largely  ;  water  front  facilities 


great  fire  destroyed  many  of  the  fine 
shade  trees  for  which  the  city  was 
once  noted,  but  many  were  left  and 
others  have  been  planted,  and  it  is 
still  entitled  to  be  called  the  Forest 
City.  During  the  year  1S98-99  Port- 
land took  a  forward  step  in  the  mat- 
ter of  territorial  expansion  by  the 
annexation  of  the  city  of  Deering, 
thus  increasing  its  population  about 
7,000  and  adding  many  square  miles 
to  its  area.  Greater  Portland  has  at 
the  present  time  a  population  of 
about  50,000.  No  historical  sketch 
of  Portland  would  be  complete  with- 


STATE    STREET  AND    LONGFELLOW   MONUMENT. 


have  been  improved  ;  a  modern  ele- 
vator of  large  capacity  has  been  built; 
distributing  facilities  have  been  per- 
fected and  extended.  Portland  mer- 
chants and  manufacturers  have  estab- 
lished enviable  reputations  abroad 
and  in  every  emergency  have  given 
demonstrations  of  their  ability  and 
sound  business  foresight.  It  is  now 
a  modern  city  of  broad,  well-paved 
streets,  with  substantial  business 
blocks  and  commodious  dwellings. 
It  has  an  excellent  sewerage  system 
and  an  electric  street  car  service 
equal  to  any  in  New  England.     The 


out  mention  of  the  names  of  those 
who  have  had  no  small  share  in  mak- 
ing its  history.  In  addition  to  those 
previously  referred  to  are  the  follow- 
ing :  Gen.  Jedediah  Preble,  who 
served  in  the  French  wars  and  at  the 
outbreak  of  the  Revolution  ;  The- 
ophilus  Bradbury  and  David  Wyer, 
earliest  members  of  the  Cumberland 
bar;  Samuel  Freeman,  delegate  to 
the  provincial  congress,  judge  of 
probate  forty-five  years,  postmaster 
twenty-eight  years,  president  of 
Bowdoin  College  ;  Theophilus  Par- 
sons, chief  justice  of  Massachusetts  ; 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


15 


Simon  Greenleaf,  learned  jurist ; 
Stephen  Longfellow,  father  of  the 
the  poet ;  Prentiss  Mellen,  chief  jus- 
tice of  Maine  ;  Ezekiel  Whitman, 
congressman  for  four  terms  and  chief 
justice  of  Maine  ;  Samuel  Fessenden, 
lawyer  and  philanthropist  ;  Albion 
K.  Parris,  governor  of  Maine  ;  Arthur 
Ware,  judge  of  the  United  States 
district  court  for  forty-four  years ; 
Ether  Shepley  and  his  son  George  F. 
Shepley,  Sargent  S.  Prentiss,  Wil- 
liam Pitt  Fessenden,  George  Evans, 
Horatio  King,  Gen.  Neal  Dow,  Com- 
modore   Edward    Preble,    Rear   Ad- 


than  Dow  (to  fill  unexpired  term  of 
Andrew  L.  Emerson);  1833,  John 
Anderson;  1834-40,  Devi  Cutter; 
1841,  James  C.  Churchill ;  1842,  John 
Anderson;  1843-48,  EHphalet  Greely; 
1849-50,  J.  B.  Cahoon;  1851,  Neal 
Dow;  1852,  Albion  K.  Parris;  1853- 
54,  J.  B.  Cahoon;  1855,  Neal  Dow; 
1856,  J.  T.  McCobb;  1857,  William 
Willis;  1858-59,  Jedediah  Jewett ; 
i860,  Joseph  Howard;  1861-62,  W. 
W.  Thomas  ;  1863-65,  Jacob  McLel- 
lan  ;  1866-67,  A.  E.  Stevens  ;  1868, 
Jacob  McLellan  ;  1869,  William  L. 
Putnam  ;    1870-72,  B.  Kingsbury,  Jr.; 


DEERING    STREET. 


miral  Alden,  Commodore  George  H. 
Preble,  and  a  host  of  others.  Among 
those  who  have  acquired  world-wide 
fame  in  art,  literature  and  science 
were:  Henry  W.  Longfellow,  N.  P. 
Willis,  John  Neal,  Isaac  McLellan, 
Grenville  Mellen,  Mrs.  E.  Oakes 
Smith,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Akers  Allen, 
Seba  Smith,  Sarah  Payson  Willis, 
Mrs.  Ann  S.  Stephens,  Prof.  Edward 
S.  Morse,  and  many  others.  The 
mayors  of  Portland  since  its  organiza- 
tion as  a  city  have  been  :  1832, 
Andrew    L-    Emerson ;      1832,   Jona- 


1873-74,  George  P.  Westcott ;  1875, 
R.  M.  Richardson ;  1876,  Francis 
Fessenden  ;  1877-78,  Moses  M.  But- 
ler;  1879,  George  Walker;  1880- 
81,  William  Senter ;  1882,  Charles 
F.  Libby;  1883,  John  W.  Deering; 
1884,  Marquis  F.  King;  1885,  John 
W.  Deering;  1886-88,  Charles  J. 
Chapman;  1889-90,  Holman  S.  Mel- 
cher  ;  1891,  George  W.  True  ;  1892, 
Darius  H.  Ingraham  ;  1893-96, 
James  P.  Baxter;  1897-98,  Charles 
H.Randall;  1899,  Frank  W.  Rob- 
inson.    The  advantages  of  Portland 


i6 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


as  a  place  of  business,  residence  and 
recreation  are  manifold,  and  in  a  way 
superior  to  those  possessed  by  any 
other  city  in  New  England.  So  pa- 
tent is  this  fact  to  those  who  know 
the  city  thoroughly  that  it  is  taken 
as  a  matter  of  course,  and  as  a  conse- 
quence it  has  often  happened  that 
Portland  business  men  have  been 
spoken  of  as  ultra-conservative  in  the 
matter  of  advertising  to  the  world  at 
large  the  wealth  of  actualities  and 
possibilities  that  center  in  "the  beau- 
tiful town  that  is  seated  by  the  sea." 
The  idea  that  the  citizens  of  Portland 


and  marked  out  across  the  wild  At- 
lantic the  paths  by  which  the  full- 
freighted  argosies  of  commerce  could 
bring  their  tribute  from  all  the  world. 
Out  of  the  fathers'  wealth  of  experi- 
ence the  sons  have  inherited  prudent 
foresight,  and  generation  after  gen- 
eration has  learned  the  lesson  that  to 
make  haste  slowly  is  the  most  certain 
way  to  secure  permanently  beneficial 
results.  This  characteristic  has  been 
the  open  secret  of  the  steady,  resist- 
less advance  ;  a  triumphal  progress 
unheralded  by  blare  of  trumpets  or 
the  waving  of  gaudy  banners.     Port- 


STATE  STREET. 


are  ever  indifferent  to  the  material 
interests  of  their  city  has  in  it  a 
measure  of  truth  only  when  Portland 
is  compared  with  some  of  the  mush- 
room cities  of  the  West,  places  that 
spring  up  in  the  night,  depending 
upon  some  fortuitous  combination 
of  circumstances  for  their  feverish 
and  altogether  precarious  existence. 
Portland  has  never  been  a  "boom" 
town  in  any  sense  of  that  expressive 
word.  Its  foundations  were  laid  deep 
by  the  sturdy  pioneers  who  blazed 
the    first  trails   through  the    forests, 


land's  location  has  been,  and  is,  one 
great  factor  in  its  contest  for  commer- 
cial superiority.     Situated  on  one  of  '* 
the    best  deep-water   harbors  of    the  I 
United  States,  its  bid  for  a  share  of 
the  world's  trade  carries  with  it  in- 1 
ducements  that  cannot  be  overlooked 
in  the  final  award.     The  sea,  even  in  j 
its  most  tempestuous  moods,  expends 
the  fury  of  its  anger  against  the  rock- 
bound   shores  of  the  outer  islands  of 
Casco  Bay,  while  inside  the  fringe  of 
islands  an   artificial  breakwater  fur- 
ther protects  the  inner  harbor.    Here 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


17 


in  perfect  safety  a  fleet  of  the  largest 
vessels  may  discharge  and  take  cargo, 
or  at  anchor  await  the  time  of  pro- 
pitious winds.  The  harbor  is  never 
closed  to  navigation  by  ice,  and  the 
largest  ocean-going  steamships  find 
the  requisite  depth  of  water  at  any 
stage  of  the  tide.  Over  a  century 
ago  commissioners  appointed  by  the 
general  government  to  examine  the 
harbor,  said  in  their  report:  "The 
city  of  Portland  stands  precisely  upon 
the  spot  which  a  careful  examination 
would  pronounce  to  be  the  best." 
Conspicuously  pointing  to  the  early 


noted  for  its  whaling  industry.  Port- 
land's importance  as  a  trade  center 
was  known  and  appreciated  not  only 
by  those  living  in  the  immediate 
vicinity,  but  by  the  inhabitants  of  a 
vast  region  beyond  the  White  Moun- 
tains, and  long  before  the  breath  of 
the  iron  horse  mingled  with  the 
breath  of  spruce  and  pine  at  the  head 
waters  of  the  Saco,  farmers  and  mer- 
chants from  New  Hampshire  and 
Vermont  sent  the  products  of  farm 
and  forest  by  team  through  the  Notch 
to  Portland  as  the  best  market  at 
command.       Thus  grain  and  vegeta- 


LONGFELLOW    MONUMENT. 


commercial  importance  of  the  loca- 
tion is  the  fact  that  the  first  light- 
house on  the  Atlantic  coast  of  the 
United  States  was  erected  on  Port- 
land Head,  and  the  light,  kindled  for 
the  first  time  on  January  10,  1791, 
has  since  been  a  beacon  of  welcome 
or  farewell  to  sailors  from  every  quar- 
ter of  the  globe.  Portland's  mari- 
time facilities  were  in  the  early  days 
of  its  history  the  town's  chief  claim 
to  mercantile  distinction,  and  for  a 
long  period  it  was  noted  for  its  com- 
merce with  the  West  Indies  in  the 
same  degree  that  New  Bedford  was 


bles,  butter  and  cheese,  meat  and 
poultry,  furs,  shooks,  and  all  the  sur- 
plus of  a  strictly  agricultural  commu- 
nity were  exchanged  for  sugar  and 
molasses,  salt  fish,  tobacco,  and  other 
necessaries  or  luxuries  not  readily 
obtainable  elsewhere.  When  Boston, 
by  extending  its  railroad  system,  di- 
verted this  trade  Portland  business 
men  soon  balanced  matters  by  open- 
ing direct  communication  with  Cana- 
da and  the  West,  and  later  with 
Boston,  and  since  that  day  the  city's 
high  commercial  position  has  been 
unquestioned.      It  is  not  intended  in 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


this  short  review  to  go  into  the 
details  regarding  the  volume  of  Port- 
land's trade,  or  the  percentage  of 
yearly  increase  since  the  beginning 
of  the  railroad  era  in  1846,  but  rather 
in  a  general  way  to  make  plain  the 
many  advantages  possessed  by  the 
Forest  City,  and  the  fact  that  there 
are  many  lines  as  yet  undeveloped  or 
untouched.  The  assessed  valuation 
of  Portland  is  somewhere  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  $50,000,000,  and  in  super- 
ficial   area   the   city    covers     11,000 


associations  :  Casco,  Cumberland, 
Deering,  Falmouth,  Forest  City,  Me- 
chanics, Portland, and  the  Casco  Col- 
lateral Loan  Company.  There  are 
also  several  private  bankers  and  bro- 
kers, life  insurance  companies,  and 
safety  deposit  and  trust  companies. 
These  institutions  are  all  on  an  envi- 
able financial  basis,  and  represent  in 
the  aggregate  a  capital  of  over  $35,- 
000,000.  The  city  possesses  the  larg- 
est retail  stores  east  of  Boston,  and 
there  is  no  better  wholesale  market. 


LINCOLN    PARK. 


acres,  with  a  population  of  50,000.  It 
is  the  metropolis  of  Maine,  with  no 
prospective  rival.  Its  financial  insti- 
tutions are  widely  noted  for  conser- 
vative business  enterprise.  They 
include  the  following  national  banks: 
Canal, Casco,  Chapman,  Cumberland, 
First,  Merchants,  Traders,  and  Port- 
land. In  addition  to  these  there  are 
the  Maine  Savings  Bank,  Portland 
Savings  Bank,  Mercantile  Trust 
Company,  Portland  Trust  Company, 
and  the  following  loan  and  building 


Its  manufacturing  industries  are 
varied,  and  include  cloth,  paper, 
clothing,  boots  and  shoes,  hats,  milli- 
nery, canned  goods,  extracts,  proprie- 
tary and  patent  medicines,  crackers 
and  bread,  druggists'  supplies, match- 
es, confectionery,  machinery,  electri- 
cal supplies,  agricultural  implements, 
refrigerators,  drain  pipe,  horse  fur- 
nishings, carriages  and  sleighs, 
builders'  hardware,  stoves  and 
ranges,  stationary  and  marine  en- 
gines, ornamental  glass  work, screens, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


19 


bicycles,  cigars,  and  an  infinite  va- 
riety of  things  demanded  by  the  uses 
of  modern  civilization.  The  city  is 
not  a  manufacturing  town  in  the  sense 
that  it  has  within  its  borders  a  large 
undesirable  foreign  element.  The 
natives  of  other  countries  who  have 
made  Portland  their  home  are  good 
citizens,  working  with  those  to  the 
manner  born,  in  the  interest  of  mu- 
nicipal prosperity.  In  all  that  goes 
to  make  a  de- 
sirable mod- 
ern city  Port- 
land seems  to 
be  blessed. 
The  newspa- 
pers,of  which 
there  are  five 
dailies,  three 
Sunday  jour- 
nals, and  sev- 
eral weeklies, 
are  of  more 
than  the  av- 
erage jour- 
nalistic ex- 
cellence. In 
the  number 
and  variety 
of  clubs  and 
societies  that 
give  a  zest  to 
social  and 
business  life 
there  is  noth- 
ing to  be  de- 
sired. Among 
Portland  's 
public  build- 
ings, of  which 
a  city  much 
larger    might 

be  proud,  may  be  mentioned  the  fol- 
lowing :  The  City  Building,  contain- 
ing a  hall  having  a  seating  capacity 
of  3,000,  in  addition  to  offices  for  the 
county  and  city  officials ;  the  Post-of- 
fice, built  at  a  cost  of  $500,000,  con- 
taining also  the  United  States  court 
room  and  offices;  the  Custom  House, 
one  of  the  finest  buildings  of  its  size 
in  the  United  States;  the  Armory,  for 
the  accommodation  of   the  National 


PORTLAND   OBSERVATORY. 


Guard,  and  having  an  auditorium  of 
generous  proportions  ;  the  Public  Li- 
brary building,  erected  and  presented 
to  the  city  by  Hon.  James  P.  Baxter; 
the  Maine  General  Hospital  and  the 
Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary,  structures 
that  rank  with  the  best  of  their  class  ; 
the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  building,  containing 
not  only  the  spacious  rooms  of  the 
association,  but  airy,  well-lighted 
stores  and  offices  ;  the  building  of  the 

Society  of 
Natural  His- 
tory, design- 
ed especially 
for  the  pur- 
pose to  which 
it  is  devoted  ; 
The  Jeffer- 
son, a  theater 
that  for  beau- 
ty and  cou- 
venience 
combined  has 
few,  if  any, 
equals,  and 
many  others 
of  no  less  im- 
portance 
within  more 
restricted 
s  p  h  e  r  e  s  . 
Among  the 
so-called 
charitable  in- 
stitutions 
many  occupy 
buildings  de- 
voted to  their 
needs  exclu- 
sively, and 
the  records  of 
these  institu- 
tions show  that  Portland  is  well  to  the 
front  in  work  of  this  nature.  In  the 
matter  of  churches  Portland  occupies 
an  enviable  position  among  the  cities 
of  New  England.  Almost  every  de- 
nomination is  represented  by  one  or 
more  church  edifices,  many  of  them 
artistically  beautiful  and  all  conven- 
ient, spacious  and  well  appointed. 
All  the  prominent  secret  orders  have 
a   strong    foothold    here,    occupying 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


buildings  of  their  own  or  quartered 
in  well-furnished  halls  devoted  to 
their  exclusive  use.  In  the  matter  of 
well-located,  commodious  business 
blocks,  Portland  has  nothing  to  fear 
in  comparison  with  other  cities  of  its 
size.  The  streets  in  the  business 
sections  are  lined  with  substantial 
buildings.  Taking  Monument  Square 
as  a  center,  Portland's  business  streets 
radiate  in  every  direction.  Through 
the  square,  easterly  and  westerly, 
runs  Congress  street,  well  paved  and 
clean,  the  street  of  the  retail  stores, 
which  become  gradually  fewer  in 
number  as  one  approaches  either  end 


the  water  front,  is  devoted  almost  ex- 
clusively to  the  wholesale  trade.  On 
one  side  are  the  wharves  and  docks, 
flanked  by  storehouses  and  wholsale 
stores,  coal  pockets  and  fish  houses  ; 
on  the  other  side  is  a  row  of  stately 
brick  or  stone  buildings,  devoted  al- 
most exclusively  to  the  requirements 
of  wholesale  trade.  Here  are  the 
wholesale  produce  and  flour  dealers, 
the  large  handlers  of  groceries,  fruit, 
tobacco,  molasses,  etc.,  whose  repre- 
sentatives cover  the  state  in  the  in- 
terests of  trade.  Along  this  street 
runs  a  line  of  railroad,  with  spur 
tracks  to   various  wharves,  simplify- 


OLD  CITY    HALL. 


of  the  street  until  they  finally  give 
place  to  residences.  From  the  south- 
east corner  of  the  square  runs  Middle 
street,  on  which  can  be  found  repre- 
sentatives of  almost  every  business, 
wholesale  and  retail,  banks,  brokers' 
offices,  manufactories  of  clothing,  and 
many  other  industries.  From  Con- 
gress and  Middle  streets  other  thor- 
oughfares deflect  the  current  of  trade. 
Exchange  street,  connecting  Con- 
gress and  Fore  streets,  is  the  street 
of  lawyers,  bankers,  brokers,  insur- 
ance agents,  printers,  and  a  host  of 
other  trades  and  professions.  Com- 
mercial   street,   along   the  length   of 


ing  to  a  large  extent  the  handling  of 
heavy  merchandise.  At  one  end  of 
Commercial  street  are  the  Boston  & 
Maine  and  Maine  Central  freight  of- 
fices, at  the  other  the  Grand  Trunk 
passenger  station,  elevators,  wharves 
and  docks.  This  locality,  around  the 
Grand  Trunk,  particularly  during 
the  winter,  is  one  of  the  busiest  parts 
of  the  city.  The  yard  of  this  great 
trunk  line  stretches  for  a  mile  along 
under  the  precipitous  brow  of  Mun- 
joy  Hill,  and  there  is  a  constant 
movement  of  trains.  At  the  wharves 
the  English  steamers  load  and  un- 
load.    Here  is  the  new  elevator,  the 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


21 


largest  on  the  Atlantic  coast,  with  a 
capacity  of  1,250,000  bushels,  and 
the  old  one  of  smaller  capacity.  Be- 
yond the  bridge  over  Back  Bay  are 
the  new  East  Deering  stock  yards, 
where  live  stock  is  cared  for  while 
awaiting  shipment.  As  an  indication 
of  the  amount  of  business  done  in 
this  part  of  the  city,  it  may  be  said 
that  as  many  as  2,000  loaded  cars 
have  been  standing  on  the  Grand 
Trunk  tracks  at  one  time,  waiting 
for  an  opportunity  to  deliver  freight 
to  the  ocean  liners,  and  this  at  a 
time  when  both  elevators  were  full  to 


takes  everything  along  its  own 
lines  in  addition  to  what  is  contrib- 
uted by  numerous  feeders  ;  from  the 
west  come  the  Mountain  Division  of 
the  Maine  Central  and  the  Eastern 
and  Western  Divisions  of  the  Boston 
&  Maine,  all  having  close  connec- 
tions with  New  England  and  the 
West.  Passengers  for  and  from  the 
Portland  &  Rochester  and  Grand 
Trunk  are  transferred  on  a  track  that 
encircles  the  city  completely.  One 
of  the  elements  entering  into  the 
question  of  value  of  nearly  every  in- 
dustry,  is  the  ease  with  which  sur- 


SURF  AT   PORTLAND   HEAD   LIGHT. 


overflowing.  Such  congestion  is  an 
object  lesson  suggestive  of  the  enor- 
mous traffic  between  Portland  and 
its  contributory  territory  and  the  busi- 
ness centers  of  the  Old  World.  At 
the  other  end  of  the  city,  in  Railroad 
Square,  is  the  Union  passenger  sta- 
tion, used  by  the  Maine  Central  and 
Boston  &  Maine  railroads.  This 
station  is  one  of  the  city's  busy 
places  for  it  is  the  distributing  point 
of  more  than  seventy-five  per  cent, 
of  the  passengers  entering  the  city, 
either  for  business  or  pleasure. 
From    the    east   the    Maine    Central 


plus  products  can  be  put  upon  the 
market.  The  farmer  who  has  a 
near-by  market  for  the  fruits  of  his 
labor  realizes  this;  the  value  of  tim- 
ber depends  largely  upon  its  location 
with  regard  to  waterways  by  which 
it  can  be  floated  to  the  mills,  and  the 
desirability  of  a  business  location, 
upon  the  accessibility  of  the  sur- 
rounding country  and  upon  the  ease 
with  which  the  products  of  capital 
and  labor  can  be  placed  upon  the 
larger  markets  of  the  world.  In  this 
regard  Portland  has  advantages,  ob- 
vious to  the  most  casual  observer.     It 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


is  the  natural  center  of  a  large  and 
productive  tributary  territory  and  has 
a  rapidly  increasing  local  market.  In 
addition  to  this  its  facilities  for  reach- 
ing foreign  and  domestic  markets  are 
unsurpassed.  By  the  railroads  cen- 
tering here,  with  their  numerous 
connections,  quick  transportation  is 
assured  to  any  part  of  the  North 
American  continent,  and  by  the  vari- 
ous lines  of  domestic  and  foreign 
steam  and  sailing  vessels,  Portland  is 


struggle  for  position  and  wealth,  the 
home  must  still  be  thought  of,  and 
Portland's  advantages  as  a  place  of 
residence  are  pre-eminent.  The  resi- 
dential portions  of  the  older  part  of 
the  city  cover  the  tops  and  slopes  of 
the  two  hills,  Munjoy  and  Bramhall, 
elevated  far  enough  above  the  level 
of  the  business  streets  to  escape  the 
smoke  and  odors,  the  noise  and  dust 
of  traffic,  and  yet  near  enough  to  the 
center  of  the  city  to  feel  the  heart- 


SURF  AT  CUSHING'S    ISLAND. 


in  a  position  to  bid  for  a  share  in  the 
commercial  transactions  of  nearly 
every  civilized  country.  The  possi- 
bilities for  the  future  are  unlimited. 
With  every  natural  advantage,  with 
plenty  of  capital  in  the  hands  of  thor- 
oughly practical  business  men,  with 
a  Board  of  Trade  alive  to  the  needs  of 
the  times,  the  prospect  is  certainly  a 
pleasing  one.  But  while  this  is  an 
age  of  steam  and  electricity,  and  men 
grow  old  before  their  time  in  the  mad 


throbs  of  its  business  life.  The  views 
from  these  locations  are  a  source  of 
never-ending  satisfaction  and  enjoy- 
ment. From  Munjoy  one  looks  to- 
ward sunrise,  out  over  the  broad 
expanse  of  Casco  Bay,  dotted  with 
its  island  gems ;  on  Bramhall  fall  the 
last  rays  of  the  sun  as  it  sets  behind 
the  distant  New  Hampshire  hills. 
Every  foot  of  the  territory  is  historic 
ground,  and  the  fancy  can  easily  con- 
jure back  the  spirits  of  the  dusky  men 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


23 


and  maidens  who  acted  on  this  stage 
their  parts  in  the  drama  of  life,  lived 
and  loved  and  died,  and  were  forgot- 
ten, as  their  white  successors  have 
done  and  will  do,  and  will  in  turn  be 
forgotten,  down  to  the  end  of  recorded 
time.  To  consider  its  purely  utilita- 
rian aspect,  the  situation  is  an  almost 
ideal  one.  All  that  goes  to  make 
home  life  in  a  city  pleasurable  is  here 
in  full  measure.  The  drainage  is 
excellent  and  the  water  supply  is 
perfect,  so  that  those  diseases  attrib- 
utable to  defective  drainage  and  im- 
pure water  are  almost  unheard  of,  or 


built  residences  in  the  suburbs.  The 
enlarged  territory  now  makes  it  pos- 
sible to  live  far  away  from  the  nerve- 
trying  bustle  of  business,  and  at  the 
same  time  where  one  can  enjoy  all 
the  advantages  of  urban  life.  The  va- 
rious lines  of  the  Portland  Street  Rail- 
road furnish  quick  communication 
between  all  parts  of  the  enlarged  city. 
In  a  social  way  the  resident  of  Port- 
land, man  or  woman,  has  a  plethora 
of  good  things  at  command.  There 
are  secret  societies,  literary  societies, 
and  clubs  in  abundance,  and  that 
person  would  be  unique  indeed,  who 


■     t     —-  .  "     ::-■-.    ■■■   • 


PARK  STREET,  FROM  DANFORTH  STREET. 


so  rare  as  to  be  regarded  with  curios- 
ity. Contagious  diseases  are  not  com- 
mon and  a  dangerous  epidemic  is 
something  unknown.  In  the  matter 
of  police  and  fire  protection  the  city 
is  highly  favored,  and  church  and 
school  privileges  are  fully  up  to  the 
standard  of  the  times.  There  are 
several  libraries  containing  thousands 
of  well-selected  books,  available  for 
study,  reference  or  amusement.  Be- 
fore the  annexation  of  Deering,  desir- 
able building  lots  in  Portland  were 
not  plenty  and    many  business   men 


could  not  at  once  find  and  take  his 
place  in  congenial  society.  In  regard 
to  amusements  Portland  is  in  a  posi- 
tion to  command  the  best,  from  grand 
opera  and  the  world-famous  piano 
virtuoso  to  the  last  comic  opera  and 
the  latest  thing  in  vaudeville.  When 
it  comes  to  taking  into  account  the 
cost  of  living  as  compared  with  other 
New  England  cities,  having  what 
might  be  considered  similar  advan- 
tages, the  balance  is  largely  in  Port- 
land's favor,  as  is  natural  when  one 
takes  into  consideration  the  fact  that 


24 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


our  markets  are  the  distributing 
source  for  most  of  the  necessaries  of 
life.  If  a  man  insists  that  the  luxu- 
ries are  essential  to  complete  happi- 
ness, the  luxuries  are  his  to  command 
at  prices  well  within  the  bounds  of 
reason.  Not  least  among  the  attrac- 
tions of  Portland  as  a  place  of  resi- 
dence, are  its  public  parks,  its 
"lungs,"  breathing  places  for  the 
children,  the  convalescent,  the  sight- 
seer, or  the  luxuriously  idle.  These 
parks,  all  within  the  limits  of  the  city, 
are  six  in  number :  The  Western 
Promenade  on  Bramhall  Hill,  the 
Eastern  Promenade  on  Munjoy  Hill, 


and  converted  it  into  a  public  park. 
The  wisdom  of  this  action  was  demon- 
strated long  ago.  Thickly  set  with 
shade  trees,  it  is  one  of  the  many 
beauty  spots  of  the  city,  and  is  a  pop- 
ular resort  for  the  children  and  for  the 
old  and  infirm,  to  whom  a  visit  to  any 
of  the  other  parks  would  be,  on 
account  of  the  distance,  almost  a  phy- 
sical impossibility.  Here  the  care- 
less, happy  children  and  the  men  and 
women  upon  whose  heads  have  beaten 
the  pitiless  storms  of  a  long,  weary 
life,  meet  on  equal  terms  on  common 
ground,  and  only  the  sparrows  and 
the  sparrows'  Maker  see  and  know  all 


DRIVE    IN    DEERINGS   OAKS. 


Fort  Allen  and  Fort  Sumner  Parks  on 
Munjoy  Hill,  Deerings  Oaks  and  Lin- 
coln Park.  Fort  Allen  and  Fort 
Sumner  Parks  cover  ground  once  oc- 
cupied by  forts  of  the  same  names, 
and  offer  extensive  views  over  a  wide 
expanse  of  earth  and  sea.  The  prom- 
enades are  favorite  resorts  of  devotees 
of  the  bicycle,  and  each  has  its  own 
peculiarly  delightful  features.  Lin- 
coln Park  is  in  the  center  of  the  city 
and  though  small  is  a  gem  in  its  way. 
Before  the  great  fire  in  1 866  the  site 
was  covered  with  residences.  After 
the  fire  the  city  purchased  the  ground 


the  good  these^represeutatives  from 
the  two  extremes  of  life  get  out  of  this 
bit  of  God's  green  earth.  In  Deer- 
ings Oaks  there  are  quiet  nooks  and 
walks  where  lovers  tryst,  beautiful 
drives  and  paths,  the  nucleus  of  an 
open  air  zoo,  a  duck  pond  upon  which 
the  children  may  glide  into  fairyland, 
and  over  all  ' '  the  breezy  dome  of 
groves."  Few  cities  are  so  fortunate 
as  to  possess  an  equal  number  of  parks 
open  to  the  public  at  all  times,  where 
rich  and  poor  alike  may  get  a  taste  of 
rus  in  urbc  without  money  and  with- 
out   price.       All     these     advantages 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


naturally  add  to  the  attractiveness  of 
Portland  as  a  city  of  homes.  A  result 
of  the  annexation  of  Deering  has  been 
the  placing  upon  the  market,  within 
the  city  limits,  of  a  large  amount  of 
land  upon  which  men  of  small  or 
moderate  means  may  build  houses, 
thus  gradually  relieving  the  more 
congested  portions  of  the  city.  For 
reasons  that  are  not  far  to  seek,  the 
people  of  the  United  States  have  ac- 
quired the  reputation  abroad  of  being 
a  nation  of  money  getters,  pure  and 
simple,   blind  and  deaf  worshipers  of 


and  discuss  deep  metaphysical  ques- 
tions by  the  hour,  as  though  therein 
centered  his  whole  duty  to  his  country 
and  humanity,  and  the  Frenchman 
will  leave  the  excitement  of  the  bourse 
and  lose  himself  in  contemplation  of  a 
new  method  of  preparing  veal  to  imi- 
tate chicken.  But  the  nervous  Amer- 
ican, they  say,  eats  pie  at  a  quick 
lunch  counter,  talks  money  from 
morning  to  night,  and  finds  his  recre- 
ation in  drawing  checks  and  cutting 
coupons.  This  is,  of  course,  wild 
exaggeration,   but   it  has    a  basis   in 


ARTIFICIAL   POND   AT  THE   OAKS,    PORTLAND. 


the  almighty  dollar.  While  our  for- 
eign neighbors  have  been  obliged  by 
recent  events  to  agree  in  the  opinion 
that  Uncle  Sam  may  be  a  respectable 
fellow  enough  when  he  gets  his 
growth,  they  are  not  yet  ready  to  ad- 
mit that  we  know  anything  about  art 
or  literature,  and  they  think  of  us 
always  as  running  to  catch  a  train. 
Our  English  cousin  takes  an  hour  at 
his  meals, and  his  rest  is  not  disturbed 
by  business  out  of  business  hours ; 
the  German,  over  innumerable  steins 
of  beer,  will  forget  the  flight  of  time 


truth.  The  average  American  is  just 
beginning  to  recognize  the  fact  that 
he  can  do  more  and  better  work  by 
playing  part  of  the  tinie,  and  as  this 
same  average  American  does  nothing 
by  halves  this  matter  of  a  time  for 
work  and  a  time  for  play  is  fast  com- 
ing to  be  a  recognized  factor  in  the 
life  of  the  citizens  of  the  United 
States.  When  it  has  been  settled  at 
last  that  recreation  is  necessary,  then 
comes  the  question  of  where  the 
recreation  shall  be  taken,  and  in  the 
decision  the  state  of  Maine  gets  a  full 


26 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


27 


share  of  the  benefits.  Nor  has  it  ever 
been  asserted  that  this  share  is  not 
fully  deserved.  The  Pine  Tree  state 
is  fast  becoming  known  as  the  play- 
ground of  the  nation.  Here  come 
men  and  women  from  all  over  this 
broad  land,  to  shake  off  for  a  time  the 
multifold  cares  of  a  life  that  has  come 
to  be  normally  intense  in  its  earnest- 
ness. All  along  Maine's  rugged 
coast  are  resorts  for  the  seekers  of 
rest  or  recreation ;  all  through  the 
wildernesses  of  the  interior  the  camps 


and  Portland  &  Rochester  Railroads, 
and  the  Boston  and  New  York  steam- 
ers, all  bring  their  quotas  to  swell  the 
army  that  is  larger  and  larger  each 
year.  Beginning  early  in  the  spring 
and  continuing  well  into  the  summer, 
disciples  of  Izaak  Walton  turn  to 
Maine  as  the  paradise  of  fishermen, 
knowing  that  in  its  countless  lakes 
and  streams  royal  sport  awaits  them. 
From  the  first  of  June  until  the  time 
when  the  forests  put  on  their  livery  of 
scarlet  and  gold,  summer  vacationists 


RECEPTION    ROOM,   CASINO,    RIVERTON    PARK. 

(Woodwork  done  by  Williams   Manufacturing  Company.) 


of  sportsmen  open  wide  hospitable 
doors  to  those  who  love  nature  in  her 
more  unconventional  moods,  and  in 
even*  hamlet  and  almost  even'  farm- 
house a  welcome  awaits  those  who 
would  escape  the  brain-wearying 
grind  of  the  routine  of  life.  For  the 
thousands  who  come  to  Maine  every 
year  in  search  of  sport,  health,  rest  or 
recreation,  Portland  is  the  natural 
distributing  point.  The  Boston  & 
Maine,  Maine  Central,  Grand  Trunk 


flock  to  Maine,  and  in  some  fashion- 
able hotel  by  the  seaside,  or  in  some 
quiet  farmhouse,  escape  the  heat  and 
confusion  of  the  large  cities.  Then 
during  the  autumn  months  the  woods 
are  full  of  hunters,  who  know  from 
experience  or  at  second  hand  that 
Maine  stands  at  the  head  when  big 
game  is  under  consideration.  Nearly 
every  individual  in  this  countless 
multitude  pays  direct  or  indirect  trib- 
ute to  Portland.       Going  or  coming, 


28 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


29 


they  linger  a  moment,  and  in  that 
moment  the  spell  is  woven  and  the 
captive  led  away.  This  is  why  Port- 
land is  made  headquarters  by  so 
many  who  pass  their  vacations  in 
Maine.  With  hotels  of  the  first  rank 
of  excellence,  with  pure  air  and  pure 
water,  with  unrivaled  transportation 
facilities,  tourists  realize  the  fact  that 
this  city  is  unique  in  its  position. 
Let  it  be  supposed  that  a  party  of 
tourists  want  an  itinerary  mapped 
out,  and  that  they  have  arrived  and 
taken  rooms  at  the  hotel  of  their 
choice.  Several  days  are  needed  to 
explore  and  "discover"  the  city,  to 
become  acquainted  with  its  business 
and  residential  streets,  to  visit  its 
churches    and    public    buildings,    its 


the  evidences  of  rest  and  comfort  on 
the  other  form  a  combination  that 
never  becomes  monotonous.  These 
popular  resorts  are  reached  by  the 
electric  cars  of  the  Portland  Railroad 
Company,  the  manager  of  which  has 
proved  be)'ond  question  his  ability  to 
cater  to  the  wishes  of  the  amusement 
loving  public.  Other  days  can  be 
profitably  passed  in  trips  to  Stroud- 
water,  Westbrook  and  Rigby  Park, 
and  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  beauties 
along  the  line  of  the  Portland  & 
Yarmouth  Electric  Road,  including 
Waite's  Landing  and  Falmouth  Fore- 
side.  For  those  who  have  never  vis- 
ited Portland,  or  who  know  the  city 
only  casually,  Casco  Bay  in  itself  is  a 
revelation.     From  the  outermost  point 


• 


MACKWORTH    ISLAND. 


parks  and  its  water  front.  Then  may 
come  a  series  of  short  excursions,  not 
so  long  as  to  be  tiresome,  covered 
easily  in  the  glow  and  sunshine  of  a 
summer  day.  First  of  all,  perhaps, 
will  come  Riverton  Park,  that  bit  of 
nature  developed  and  perfected  by  the 
Portland  Railroad  Company  on  the 
shore  of  the  beautiful  Presumpscot 
River.  Here  are  attractions,  includ- 
ing the  open-air  theater,  sufficient  to 
fill  a  day  and  evening,  and  the  pecul- 
iarity of  the  place  is  that  one  visit  only 
whets  the  appetite  for  another.  In 
another  direction,  on  the  Cape  shore, 
are  the  Cape  Casino  and  Theatre,  with 
the  limitless  sea  as  a  background. 
Against  the  titanic  wall  of  everlasting 
stone  the  surges  break,  and  the  un- 
tamed  wildness  on  the  one  hand  and 


of  Cape  Elizabeth  along  the  coast  to 
Harpswell,  each  change  of  view-point 
brings  with  it  a  new  surprise  and  a 
new  sensation  of  enjoyment.  The 
islands  that  plentifully  dot  the  waters 
of  the  bay  are  gems  fit  for  the  setting 
of  Neptune's  kingly  crown.  There 
are  Cushings,  with  its  big  hotel  and 
its  picturesque  cottages  ;  Peaks,  the 
Coney  Island  of  the  bay,  with  its 
summer  theater,  hotels,  cottages,  pub- 
lic garden,  cosmopolitan  crowds,  an- 
nual boating  carnival,  and  scores  of 
daily  and  hourly  attractions ;  Long 
Island,  with  hotel,  boarding-houses 
and  cottages  ;  Great  and  Little  Dia- 
mond, covered  with  costly  summer 
residences,  and  many  others.  The 
commodious  and  well  appointed 
steamers  of   the  various    lines  make 


30 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


quick  trips  between  these  islands  and 
the  cit)T.  The  summer  life  of  the 
islands  is  to  a  certain  extent  a  study 
by  itself.  Some  of  the  islands,  like 
Cushings,  are  exclusive,  catering  to 
wealth  and  social  distinction  ;  others, 
like  Peaks,  invite  the  crowds,  the 
more  the  merrier,  slap  you  on  the 
back,  call  you  by  your  given  name, 
and  ask  you  to  call  again  and  bring 
all  your  friends.  Somewhere,  at 
some  time  during  the  season,  all  the 
social  grades  of  society  are  repre- 
sented, and  all  go  home  with  the  vow 
registered  to  come  again  next  season. 
From  Union  Station  trips  may  be 
taken  by  rail  to  many  delightful 
lesorts.  By  the  Boston  &  Maine  one 
reaches  Scarboro,  Grand  Beach  (the 
summer  home  of  Hon.  Thomas  B. 
Reed),  Prouts  Neck,  Pine  Point,  Old 
Orchard,  Ferry  Beach,  and  other  at- 
tractive points  along  the  Maine  coast 
west  of  Portland.  By  way  of  the 
Mountain  Division  of  the  Maine  Cen- 
tral Railroad  the  traveler  becomes 
acquainted  with  Sebago  Lake,  across 
which  a  steamer  runs,  through  the 
winding  Songo  River  to  Naples, 
Bridgton  and  Harrison.  At  Bridg- 
ton  and  Harrison  connection  can  be 
made  by  way  of  the  Bridgton  &  Saco 
River  Railroad  with  the  Maine  Cen- 
tral at  Hiram  Junction.  This  trip, 
combining  the  beauties  of  land  and 
water,  is  a  popular  one  and  can  be 
taken  in  the  interval  between  an 
early  breakfast  and  a  late  supper. 
Beyond  Lake  Sebago  the  Maine  Cen- 
tral enters  the  gateway  of  the  White 
Mountains,  and  the  glories  of  the 
everlasting  hills  are  then  on  every 
side.  This  is  also  one  of  the  trips 
that  can  be  made  easily  in  a  day,  with 
Portland  as  a  starting-point.  By  the 
Grand  Trunk  you  are  carried  up 
through  the  Androscoggin  valley, 
with  its  wealth  of  scenery,  and 
brought  back  to  your  inn  at  a  season- 
able hour.  The  Maine  Central,  east- 
ward, the  Portland  &  Rochester  and 
the  Portland  &  Rumford  Falls  roads, 
all  offer  excellent  facilities  for  de- 
lightful   side     trips    into     new    and 


always  attractive  country.  Beautiful 
carriage  drives  in  and  around  Port- 
land are  numerous  and  for  bicyclists 
the  possibilities  are  unlimited.  With- 
in a  radius  of  fifteen  miles  there  are 
long  stretches  of  well  paved  streets, 
quiet  country  roads  between  well  kept 
farms,  and  narrow  lanes  from  which 
the  overhanging  trees  shut  out  the 
midday  sun.  There  are  picturesque 
drives  along  the  shore,  never  far 
away  from  the  sound  of  the  restless 
surf,  where  the  smell  of  the  sea  is 
always  in  the  air  ;  inland  the  quiet  is 
unbroken  save  by  country  sounds, 
the  songs  of  birds,  the  lowing  of  cat- 
tle, the  hum  of  bees,  the  shouts  of 
farmers  a-field,  and  the  air  is  laden 
with  that  spicy  fragrance  that  makes 
tired  men  and  women  forget  that  they 
are  growing  old  and  for  a  time  sug- 
gests the  possibility  that  the  last  cool 
spring  from  which  they  drank  may 
indeed  have  been  the  fabled  fountain 
of  eternal  youth.  Ask  the  faithful 
Mohammedan  why  he  turns  his  face 
toward  Mecca  when  at  his  devotions, 
and  he  may  give  you  a  look  full  of 
pity  for  your  ignorance  ;  stand  out- 
side the  magic  circle  and  ask  any  in- 
dividual member  of  the  ever  increas- 
ing multitude,  which  each  recurring 
season  finds  with  faces  set  toward 
the  East,  what  the  reason  for  this  an- 
nual hegira  may  be  and  you  will  be 
informed,  in  effect,  that  Portland  is 
the  Mecca  of  the  great  army  of  tour- 
ists who  come  to  Maine  as  the  place 
where  nature,  the  good  physician, 
most  freely  pours  her  balm  into  the 
wounds  received  in  the  battles  of  life, 
brings  back  the  blessings  of  healthy 
appetite  and  restful  sleep,  and  once 
more  makes  life  really  wTorth  the 
living. 


Henry  W.  Longfellow* 

Longfellow  spent  many  summers 
before  his  death  with  his  brother, 
Alexander  Longfellow,  who  until  a 
few  years  ago  occupied  the  place  on 
the  highlands  of  Deering  known 
as    Highfield.        This     sightly    spot 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


31 


THE  DECEASED  POET  LONGFELLOW. 

Born  in  Portland. 

commands  fine  views  of  Portland, 
Casco  Bay  and  the  islands.  The 
grounds  contain  many  stately  trees, 
among  them  being  an  elm  which  has 
now  assumed  goodly  proportions. 
This  elm,  shown  in  the  foreground 
of  the  accompanying  engraving,  was 
sent  as  a  slip  from  the  historic  Wash- 
ington Elm  in  Cambridge,  by  the 
poet  to  his  brother,  and 
planted  here  by  him  in 
1852.  Highfield  is  now 
occupied  by  George 
Thornton  Edwards, 
president  of  the  Wil- 
liams Manufacturing 
Company  of  Portland, 
but  the  house  has  been 
remodeled,  leaving 
some  of  its  original  pic- 
turesque aspect. 


Portland    is,    composed    of    the 
largest  membership  in  the  state 
and  occupies  its  own  handsome 
building  which  stands  in   Con- 
gress Square.     The  Association 
was    organized    in    this  city    in 
1853.       Its    present    admirable 
quarters  are  the  result  of  many 
years'  patient  labor  on  the  part 
of  its  members  and  officers.    The 
building  and  lot  are  situated  in 
the  heart  of  Portland  and  on  the 
principal  thorougfare,  cost  about 
$125,000,     and     the     structure, 
shown  on  the  following  page,  is 
one  of  the  largest  and  finest  in 
New    England,    if    not    in    the 
United     States.       The     corner 
stone  was  laid  June  29,1897,  and 
the  building  was  dedicated  and 
occupied    September    29,    1898. 
Beside  being  substantially  built 
and  of  modern  architecture,  it  is 
fitted  with  all  modern  improve- 
ments  including   its   own    elec- 
tric lighting  plant  and  an  arte- 
sian well,  the    latter  supplying 
twenty-six  gallons  of  the  purest  and 
coolest   of   wrater   per  minute.       The 
building   has  an   imposing  entrance, 
and  there   is  a  large  passenger  ele- 
vator,    adding    to    the    comfort    and 
convenience    of    frequenters    of    the 
building.     Some  part  of   every  floor 
is  used  by  the   association.     Several 
handsome   stores  on  the  ground  floor 


The  Young-  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association. 


The     Young      Men's 
Christian  Association  of 


LONGFELLOW   MANSION. 


32 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


33 


and  rooms  on  the  upper  floors  are 
rented  for  business  and  office  purposes 
and  form  an  important  source  of  rev- 
enue towards  the  maintenance  of  the 
building,  and  the  commendable 
work  there  accomplished.  There 
is  a  reading-room,  on  the  tables 
of  which  is  an  ample  supply  of 
all  high  class  instructive  periodi- 
cals and  magazines  ;  a  room  contain- 
ing tables  for  chess,  checkers  and 
other  games  is  much  appreciated  by 


indeed  doubtful  if  any  one  of  the 
Y.  M.  C.  A.'s  in  the  United  States 
offers  more  advantages  to  its  mem- 
bers than  that  of  the  association  here 
in  Portland.  Edmund  T.  Garland, 
who  has  several  assistants,  presides. 
The  officers  are  as  follows  :  Edgar 
R.  Payson,  president;  Ozman  Adams, 
vice-president;  John  H.  True,  vice- 
president;  Albert  B.  Hall,  recording 
secretary;  M.  M.  Bailey,  treasurer. 
There   is    also  a    board  of    directors, 


PUBLIC    LIBRARY   BUILDING. 


the  1,200  members;  there  is  a  large 
lecture  hall,  auditorium  and  a  gym- 
nasium, comprising  one  of  the  finest 
equipped  in  New  England,  and  in 
which  members  are  entitled  to  in- 
struction from  a  competent  physical 
director.  There  are  also  educational 
class  rooms  and,  several  evenings 
during  the  week,  members  enjoy  the 
privilege  of  instruction  in  different 
branches  of  study.  There  is  a  bicy- 
cle room,  camera  club  room,  swim- 
ming pool,  bowling  alleys,   and  it  is 


seventeen  in    number,  who  legislate 
the  business  of  the  organization  here. 

Portland  Public  Library  Building. 

Since  1897,  and  through  the  mu- 
nificence of  Hon.  James  P.  Baxter, 
who  built  and  presented  it  to  the 
city,  Portland  has  possessed  its  own 
free  public  library  building,  support- 
ed by  public  bequests  and  yearly 
appropriations  from  the  city  and 
state.      The   building   is  one  of  the 


34 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


handsomest  and  most  striking  in  the 
city  and  comprises  one  of  the  finest 
structures   devoted    to    its    purpose, 
possessed  by  any  city  of  like  popula- 
tion in  the  United  States.      It  is  con- 
structed of  brown  freestone  and  Ohio 
sandstone    and  is  of  the  Romanesque 
style  of   architecture.     Three  statues 
adorn  the  exterior,  all  eight  feet  in 
height,  representing  History,  Litera- 
ture and  Art.     The  corner  stone  was 
laid  September  9,  1887,  and  the  build- 
ing    was 
dedicated 
February 
21,      1889. 
As  well  as 
being    the 
most 
unique 
public 
building 
in    Port- 
land,     the 
interior    is 
admirably 
adapted  to 
its    pur- 
pose.   The 
stack 
room,       in 
which    the 
books    are 
stored,  has 
been       en- 
1  a  r  g  e  d 
since      the 
building 
was   erect- 
ed and  has 
now   a  ca- 
pacity   for 

240,000  volumes.  This  building  or 
annex  in  the  rear  of  the  main  build- 
ing is  thoroughly  fire-proof  and  con- 
tains the  Green  system  of  shelving, 
the  same  as  in  the  Congressional  Li- 
brary at  Washington.  This  impor- 
tant addition  to  the  library  was  made 
through  the  bequest  of  $25,000,  given 
by  the  trustees  of  the  Walker  estate. 
In  1897  the  new  children's  room  was 
opened.  There  is  a  large  reading- 
room  in  which  is  to  be  found  all  high 


class  current  literature  and  also  a 
reference  room,  both  of  which  are 
open  to  all.  All  residents  of  Greater 
Portland  are  entitled  to  take  books 
freely  from  the  library  by  complying 
with  the  rules.  There  are  now  45,- 
000  volumes  and  the  institution  is 
admirably  conducted.  It  is  in  charge 
of  a  competent  librarian  and  a  large 
number  of  assistants  are  employed  in 
selecting  books  for  the  vast  multitude 
of  people  who  avail  themselves  of  the 

privile  g  e  s 
of  this 
most  ex- 
cellent free 
public  li- 
b  r  a  r  v  . 
The  offic- 
ers of  the 
corpora- 
tion are 
James  P. 
Baxter, 
president  ; 
Edward  A. 
N  o  y  e  s  , 
treasurer ; 
and  Virgil 
C.  Wilson, 
secret  a  r  v. 


Portland's 
Schools. 


PORTLAND    HIGH   SCHOOL. 


''Our 
school  s 
andschool- 
houses 
have  long 
been  a  sub- 
ject of  jus- 
tifiable pride  with  us,  and  we  may 
appeal  with  entire  confidence  to  our 
past  and  present  history  for  evidence 
of  our  foresight  and  liberal  provisions 
for  those  who  are  to  take  our  places 
hereafter,  for  what  our  children  are 
now,  that  will  our  country  be  after 
we  have  gone  to  our  rest."  So  said 
John  Neal  something  over  a  quarter 
of  a  century  ago,  and  the  words  may 
fitly  introduce  what  may  now  be  said 
on  this  subject.       Portland,  since  the 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


35 


ing  the  first 
Monday  in 
July,  and  is 
forty-two 
weeks  in 
length,  inclu- 
sive of  the 
following 
holidays  and 
vacations: 
Thanksgiv- 
ing and  the 
day  follow- 
ing, the  week 
including 
Christ  m  as, 
the  week  in- 
eluding 
Washing- 
ton's Birth- 
day,Fast  Day 
and  the  day 
following,  the 
week  includ- 
ing May  i, 
and  Memorial  Day.  The  school  ses- 
sions are  :  High  school,  each  week- 
day, except  Saturdays,  from  8.30  A. 
M.    to    1    P.  M.      Grammar   schools, 


PHYSICAL    LABORATORY,    PORTLAND   HIGH    SCHOOL. 

above  was  written,  has  lost  none  of 
its  prestige  as  a  city  in  which  may  be 
found  some  of  the  best  schools  and 
teachers  in  New  England.  Eschew- 
ing a  tenden- 
cy to  experi- 
men  t  with 
doubtful 
methods, 
holding  fast 
to  that  which 
is  good  and 
adopting 
what  is  meri- 
torious when 
the  merit  is 
plain,  our 
schools  have 
steadily  kept 
in  the  very 
front  rank. 
The  school 
year  begins 
on  the  second 
Monday  in 
Sep  tember 
and  ends  on 
the  Friday 
next    preeed-  greek  room,  Portland  high  school. 


36 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


I     III    1 


r 


Lirrr  i 


DEERING    HIGH    SCHOOL. 


from  9  A.  M.  to  12  M.,  and  2  to  4.15 
P.  M.,  each  week-day,  except  Satur- 
days. On  and  after  the  second  Mon- 
day in  November,  for  the  remainder 
of  the  term,  sessions  close  at  4  P.  M. 
Primary  schools,  from  9  A.  M.  to  12 
M.  and  2  to  4  P.  M.,  each  week-day, 
except  Saturdays.  The  signal  for 
"no  school"  is  sounded  on  the  fire 
bells  when  the  weather  is  very  in- 
clement. There  are  about  7,500 
pupils  registered  in  the  public  schools 
of  Greater  Portland,  and  the  annual 
appropriations  for  the  benefit  of  this 
small  army 
of  future 
citizens 
have  a  1  - 
ways  been 
made  in  a 
spirit  of 
commend  - 
able  liber- 
ality. The 
more  not- 
able events 
in  the  re- 
cent school 
life  of  Port- 
land have 
been  the 
building  of 
the  11  e  w 
Km  e  r  s  o  n 


schoolhouse 
on  M  u  n  j  o  y 
Hill,  the  re- 
modeling of 
the  High 
School,  the 
building  o  f 
the  Jackson 
schoolhouse, 
the  establish- 
ing of  two 
new  kinder- 
gartens, the 
introduct  i  o  n 
of  improved 
methods  in 
teaching  pen- 
manship, cer- 
tain changes 
in  regard  to 
the  admission  of  pupils  to  the  High 
School,  the  formal  presentation  of 
works  of  art  to  the  various  schools, 
and  the  transferring  of  the  school  for 
the  deaf  from  city  to  state  control. 
Following  are  the  locations  of  the 
schools  in  Portland  proper,  with  the 
names  of  the  principals  :  High 
School,  284-294  Cumberland  street ; 
principal,  Albro  E.  Chase  ;  assistants, 
LeRoy  L.  Hight,  Charles  O.  Cas- 
well, Antoine  Dorticos,  Walter  E. 
Severance,  Harold  W.  Eoker,  Caro- 
line   E.    Gould,    Flora   B.    Coolidge, 


EMERSON    SCHOOL. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


37 


FIRST   CLASS,    EMERSON    SCHOOL. 


Annie  P.  True,  Gertrude  B.  Morse, 
Alice  M.  Lord,  Florence  I.  Pollister, 
Cornie  M.  Spear,  Eliza  A.  Taylor, 
Susie  J.  Mantle,  Linda  Graves,  Car- 
rie E.  Robinson  and  Edith  H.  Farn- 
ham.  Deering  High  School,  Stevens 
Plains  avenue,  six  teachers;  William 
M.  Marvin, 
principal,  five 
assi  s  t  a  n  t  s  ; 
E  m  e  r  s  o  n 
School,  Em- 
erson street, 
Marada  F. 
Adams,  prin- 
cipal, seven 
assistants; 
Butler  Gram- 
mar  School, 
West  and 
Pine  streets, 
W.  W.  An- 
drews, princi- 
pal, fourteen 
assistants; 
West  School, 
37-39  Lowell 
street,  Adri- 
ana  M.  Carle- 
ton,  princi- 
pal,    eight 


as  sistants ; 
N  o  r[t  h 
School,  248- 
254  Con- 
gress street, 
E.  E.  Par- 
m  enter, 
pri  nc  i  pal, 
twenty-six 
assistants  ; 
Jackson 
G  r  a  111 111  a  r 
School,  34- 
40  Green 
street,  Dan- 
iel H.  Dole, 
prin  ci  pal, 
ten  assis- 
tants ;  Cen- 
ter  Street 
School,  70- 
74  Center 
street,  J.  A. 
Milliken,  principal,  ten  assistants ; 
Shailer  School,  primary,  58-60  North 
street,  Myra  M.  Eastman,  principal, 
seven  assistants ;  Monument  Street 
School,  primary,  25-29  Monument 
street,  Emma  J.  Wilson,  principal, 
five  assistants  ;  Training  School, 20-22 


MAIN    HALL,    EMERSON    SCHOOL. 


38 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


BUTLER   SCHOOL. 

Chestnut  street,  Sarah  M.  Taylor, 
principal,  twenty  assistants;  Caseo 
Street  School,  primary,  29-31  Casco 
street,  Isabella  Garvin,  principal,  six 
assistants;  Park  Street  School,  pri- 
mary, Rosa  E.  Turner,  principal, 
four  assis- 
t  a  n  t  s  ; 
Bra  ckett 
S  t  r  e  e  t 
School,  pri- 
mary, 153- 
155  Brack- 
ett  street, 
Mary  E. 
Stackpole, 
prin  c  ipal, 
six  a  s  s  i  s- 
tants  ;  Mc- 
Lell  an 
School,  pri- 
mary, 14-20 
Carro  11 
street,  Ellen 
D.  Stevens, 
p  r  i  n  c  i  p  al , 
seven  assis- 
t  a    n    t    s  : 


Vaughan  Street 
School,  primary,  233 
Vaughan  street,  Amy 
N.  Furlong,  princi- 
pal, two  assistants  ; 
Oakdale  School, 
Grace  E.  Curtis, 
principal,  six  assis- 
t  a  n  t  s  ;  Saund ers 
Street  Primary,  Flor- 
ence M.  Knight, 
principal,  two  assis- 
tants ;  Stroudwater 
School,  Emily  M. 
Maxfield ;  Winslow's 
Primary,  Grace  M. 
Trask;  Nason's 
School,  Abbie  G. 
Dennett;  Ocean 
Street  School,  Wood- 
fords,  Fred  H.  M. 
Witham,  principal, 
four  assistants  ;  Mor- 
rill's School,  Nellie 
C.  Mooer's,  five  as- 
sistants; Lunt's 
School,  Mary  E.  Elwell,  two  assist- 
ants ;  Center  Primary,  Caddie  O. 
Fall,  two  assistants;  East  Deering 
School,  primary,  Maud  A.  Russell ; 
Riverton  School,  Minnie  R.  Bailey  ; 
Riverside     School,     Mrs.     Mary    S. 


FIRST  CLASS,    BUTLER   SCHOOL. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


39 


NORTH   SCHOOL. 

Burnham  ;  Allen's  School,  Harriet  S. 
Stone  ;  Auguste  H.  Schumacher,  mu- 
sic ;  Peak's  Island  School,  L.  Agnes 
Morrell,  prin- 
cipal,  two 
a  s  s  i  s  t  a  nts  ; 
Long  Island 
School,  Alice 
M.  Cannell ; 
Long  Island 
School,  East 
End,  Mary 
A.  Babb; 
Cliff  Island 
School,  Grace 
P.  Do  w  ; 
teacher  of 
writing  and 
drawing,  H. 
W.  Shaylor; 
assistant 
teacher  of 
drawing, 
Mary  B.  Bul- 
lard  ;  teacher 
of  music,  Ann 
E.  Merrill  ; 
teachers      o  f 


training, 
George  H. 
Babb  and 
W  .  H  . 
M  or  to  n. 
The  gen- 
eral wel- 
f  a  r  e  of 
these 
schools 
is  carefully 
looked  af- 
t  e  r  by 
Superin- 
tendent O. 
M.  Lord, 
whose  long 
term  of 
service 
has  made 
him  thor- 
oughly 
conversant 
with  the 
require- 
ments and  needs  of  every  department. 
Back  of  the  superintendent  is  the 
school    committee,    now    comprising 


ma    n  u  a 


1 


MANUAL  TRAINING,  NORTH  SCHOOL. 


4o 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


JACKSON    GRAMMAR   SCHOOL 

men  who  conscientiously  and  freely 
give  of  their  time  to  see  that  the  stand- 
ard of  the  schools  is  not  lowered. 
The  High  School  furnishes  to  those 
pupils  who  have  completed  the  studies 
prescribed  for  the  grammar  grade, 
and  are  possessed  of  requisite  quali- 
fications, with  opportunities  to  pursue 
a  thorough  course  of  advanced  study. 
Each  pupil  is  required  to  pursue  four 
branches.  There 
are  two  courses 
of  study,  a  gen- 
eral and  a  classi- 
cal.  At  the 
beginning  of  the 
course  parents  or 
guardians  m  a  y 
decide  which 
course  shall  be 
pursued  by  the 
pupil.  No  devi- 
ation from  these 
courses  is  made 
without  good 
cause,  satisfac- 
tory to  the  com- 
mittee of  the 
school,  and  no 
pupil  is  advanced 
to  any  class  who 


has  not  attained  an 
average  rank  in 
scholarship  of  seven 
and  five-tenths,  in  a 
scale  of  ten,  during 
the  preceding  year, 
except  by  a  vote  of 
the  committee.  The 
number  of  pupils 
who  enter  the  High 
School  is  increasing 
each  year.  This 
may  be  due  to  im- 
proved social  condi- 
tions or  to  a  greater 
public  regard  for 
higher  education. 
A  rank  of  65  per 
cent,  in  arithmetic 
and  75  per  cent,  in 
all  other  studies, 
is  necessary  for  ad- 
mission to  the  High 
vSchool  from  the  first  class  of  the 
Grammar  School.  The  school  com- 
mittee recently  adopted  a  rule,  pro- 
viding for  special  examinations  for 
those  who  fail  to  reach  the  required 
standard.  The  general  course  of 
study  in  the  High  School  comprises 
mathematics,  language,  science,  his- 
tory and  English  literature.  In  the 
classical     course     the      studies      are 


WEST   SCHOOL. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


41 


CENTER   STREET  SCHOOL. 

mathematics,  Latin,  Greek,  French, 
history,  English.  There  are  five 
sessions  each  week,  and  the  time  of 
study  in  the  school  is  but  ninety  min- 
utes each  session  for  those  who  pursue 
the  required  courses,  so  that  it  is 
necessary  that  one  or  more  lessons  be 
thoroughly  pre- 
pared at  home. 
To  this  end  par- 
ents are  request- 
ed to  see  that 
the  necessary 
time  is  devoted 
to  study  at  home 
by  pupils  of  this 
grade.  In  the 
gram  m  ar  and 
primary  grades 
a  course  of  study 
and  a  program 
are  outlined  by 
the  committee 
for  the  general 
guidance  of 
teachers.  This 
skeleton  plan 
the  teachers  en- 
deavor to  de- 
velop        and 


elaborate  by  daily  study, 
selecting  such  methods  as 
seem  best  adapted  to  their 
work.      The    utmost    at- 
tention  is   given    to   the 
importance  of  extending 
and   perfecting    the    oral 
and    written  language  of 
pupils,  and  consequently 
accuracy      of     statement 
and    propriety  of  speech 
are  aimed  at.     The  mere 
memorizing    and    repeti- 
tion   of   lessons    are    not 
tolerated,     and    teachers 
are    expected    to  prepare 
themselves    so-  as    to    be 
independent      of      text- 
books.       The     attention 
given     to     selected    and 
collateral  reading,  suita- 
ble   to  the  attainment  of 
the  pupils,  in  addition  to 
routine   work,    is    highly 
commendable.         In       the      primary 
schools  the  slate  is  a  valuable  adjunct, 
script   writing    being  commenced  in 
the  lowest  grade  and  continued  in  all 
subsequent  grades.       The  system  of 
teaching    mental    arithmetic    in   the 
grammar     schools     is     an    excellent 


SHA1LER   SCHOOL. 


42 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


MONUMENT  STREET  SCHOOL. 

training  and  discipline  for  the  young 
mind,  giving  the  pupils  a  confidence 
in  themselves  that  could  not  be  ob- 
tained in  any  other  manner.  The 
whole  system  is  intended  to  develop 
the  abil- 
i  t  y  to 
think 
quickly 
and  ac- 
curately 
and  to  be 
resource  - 
fill  in 
cases  of 
emergen- 
cy. From 
the  time 
the  pupil 
enters  the 
p  r  i  m  ary 
grade,  up 
through 
all  suc- 
ceed ing 
grades, 
the     idea 


is  to  develop  originality,  per- 
sonality, to  get  at  the  best 
there  is  in  the  make-up  of 
the  future  man  or  woman. 
It  is  the  endeavor  in  the  pri- 
mary grade  especially  to  teach 
the  little  ones  in  such  a  way 
that  their  interest  may  be 
arrested  and  held.  From  the 
earliest  moment  they  are 
taught  to  think  and  work  for 
themselves,  and  to  make  of 
work  a  pleasurable  recrea- 
tion. Calisthenics  and  music 
play  an  important  part  in 
every  department  and  it  is 
particularly  interesting  to 
note  how  soon  the  smallest 
pupils  in  the  lowest  grades 
become  imbued  with  the  im- 
portance of  their  various  re- 
sponsibilities. Drawing  and 
music  are  taught  as  regular 
exercises,  under  the  direction 
of  special  committees.  The 
practice  and  training  school 
is  located  in  the  schoolhouse 
on  Chestnut  street.  The  object  of 
this  school  is  to  furnish  preparatory 
training  for  inexperienced  candidates 
for  positions  as  teachers  in  the  city 
schools.     This  school  is  recruited  as 


KINDERGARTEN    DEPARTMENT,    MONUMENT  STREET  SCHOOL. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


43 


CHESTNUT   STREET  TRAINING    SCHOOL 


follows  :  From  candidates  who  hold 
certificates  from  the  school  commit- 
tee and  from  graduates  of  the  High 
School,  whose  average  rank  for  four 
years  has  been  85  per  cent,  or 
more,  ten  pupil  teachers  are  annually 
elected  by  ballot.  The  committee  in 
all  cases  is  supposed  to  be  governed 
in  the  selection  by  scholarship  and 
general  fitness.  The  teachers  so 
selected  are  subject  to  all  the  rules 
and  regulations 
of  the  committee 
relating  to 
teachers  and 
schools  so  far 
as  applicable, 
and  they  receive 
no  compen- 
sation except 
when  engaged 
as  substitutes. 
The  employ- 
ment of  such 
teachers  is  not 
considered  per- 
manent and  may 
be  terminated  at 
any  time. 
Teachers  who 
have  satisfac- 
torily taught  for 
a  period  of  one 


year  in  the  practice 
school,  and  who  are 
found  upon  examination 
to  possess  the  requisite 
qualifications,  are  en- 
titled to  receive  a  diplo- 
ma from  the  committee, 
certifying  to  training 
and  competency.  The 
vertical  system  of  pen- 
manship is  used 
throughout  the  schools, 
legibility  and  compact- 
ness being  two  of  the 
essentials  in  view.  In 
drawing  the  plan  of 
work  proposed  in  the 
upper  primary  and 
grammar  grades  is  in- 
tended to  furnish  the 
groundwork  for  any  fu- 
ture study  in  this  direction  the  pupil 
may  desire  to  undertake.  The  les- 
sons are  arranged  under  three  divi- 
sions :  Constructive  or  geometric, 
representative  or  pictorial,  and  dec- 
orative. The  quality  of  the  work 
done  by  the  pupils  shows  that  the 
time  devoted  to  this  branch  is  well 
spent.  The  work  of  the  manual 
training  department  begins  during 
the  pupil's  seventh  year.     The  first 


CASCO  STREET   SCHOOL. 


44 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PROPOSED   NEW   PARK    STREET   SCHOOL. 


models  made  are  those  of  the  sim- 
plest form,  made  with  ordinary  tools, 
and  the  course  develops  until  in  the 
ninth  year,  when  the  boys  become 
familiar  with  the  more  complex 
forms.  During  the  last  year  the 
pupils  make  few  drawings,  their  work 
being  done  to  a 
large  extent  from 
drawings  furnished 
them.  T  h  roughout 
the  entire  course  short 
talks  are  given  upon 
subjects  kindred  to 
the  matter  taught, 
and  compositions  de- 
scriptive of  the  work 
are  required.  The 
schoolhouses  are 
well  supplied  with 
school  libraries,  and 
pupils  are  encour- 
aged to  use  the  books 
freely.  Excellent  re- 
sults are  everywhere 
reported.  The  even- 
ing school  is  an 
important  feature 
in  Portland's  educa- 
tional  scheme.     Each 


season  witnesses 
a  largely  in- 
creased a  1 1  e  n- 
dance  over  the 
previous  year, 
the  pupils  com- 
prising young 
men  and  women 
who  were  obliged 
to  leave  school  at 
an  early  age, 
adults  of  various 
ages  and  nation- 
alities who  were 
deprived  of  edu- 
cational advan- 
tages in  their 
youth,  and  others 
who  desire  to 
study  some  spec- 
ial  branch 
taught.  The 
average  cost  to 
the  city  of  each 
pupil  taught  has  been  about  four  cents 
a  night,  and  results  obtained  justify  a 
generous  annual  appropriation  for 
this  object.  For  several  years  Port- 
land has  been  gaining  experience  in 
the  practical  value  of  kindergarten 
instruction,  and  although  arguments 


MCLELLAN    SCHOOL. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


45 


are  now  and  then  advanced  against 
"  invading  the  nursery,"  results  thus 
far  obtained  would  seem  to  warrant 
expansion  rather  than  any  curtail- 
ment in  this  direction.  That  the 
schoolroom  should  be  made  bright 
and  attractive  has  long  been  admitted 
by  everybody  as  an  abstract  truth, 
but  it  took  concrete  form  in  Portland 
only  when  the  members  of  the 
Woman's  Literary  Union  interested 
themselves  in  the  matter.  By  per- 
sonal and  solicited  contributions  they 
s  u  c  - 
c  e  e  d  ed 
in  rais- 
i  n  g  a 
sum  of 
m  o  n  e  y 
suffici- 
ent to 
p  u  r  - 
chase  a 
numbe  r 
of  clas- 
sic casts 
and 
h  u  n  - 
dreds  of 
cho  i  ce 
a  n  d 
b  e  a  uti- 
ful  pic- 
tures. 
These 
were 
p  1  a  c  ed 
on  ex- 
hibition 
in  Re- 
c  eption 

hall,  and  on  Saturday  afternoon, 
May  15,  1897,  were  formally  presen- 
ted to  the  school  committee  by  Mrs. 
Josiah  Burnham,  the  president  of  the 
Union.  On  this  occasion  Superin- 
tendent Uord  presided,  and  Judge 
Symonds  delivered  a  scholarly  ad- 
dress on  the  subject,  "  Painters  and 
Sculptors."  On  behalf  of  the  city, 
Mayor  Randall,  in  a  graceful  speech, 
accepted  these  works  of  art  and  they 
were  distributed  among  the  various 
schools.     Refined  taste  and  excellent 


judgment  were  shown  in  the  selection 
of  subjects,  and  the  result  must  nec- 
essarily be  the  elevation  of  the  moral 
and  artistic  tone  of  Portland's  schools. 
This  first  collection  has  been  largely 
augmented  each  year,  by  purchase 
and  by  gift.  The  teachers  in  the 
public  schools  of  Portland  are  noted 
for  their  efficiency.  They  are,  in 
addition  to  their  educational  fitness, 
required  to  make  themselves  familiar 
with  all  the  rules,  regulations  and 
directions  of  the  school  board,  espec- 

i  a  1  1  y 
with 
those 
that  re- 
late to 
t  hei  r 
own  du- 
ties and 
to  the 
instruc- 
tion and 
disci- 
pline  of 
their 
schools. 
They 
are  re- 
quired 
to  keep 
the  su- 
p  e  r  i  11- 
tendent 
a  11  d 
t  heir 
immedi- 
ate   su- 


VAUGHAN    STREET   SCHOOL 


pervisor 
f  u  1  1  y 
informed  of  all  matters  coming  under 
their  observation,  affecting  the  char- 
acter and  welfare  of  the  schools,  and 
shall  at  all  times  afford  every  facility 
for  the  purpose  of  examination. 
They  are  required  to  be  in  the  school- 
room at  least  fifteen  minutes  before 
the  commencement  of  the  session,  and 
during  school  hours  they  shall  devote 
themselves  faithfully  to  the  public 
service,  striving  always  to  impress 
upon  the  minds  of  their  pupils,  by 
precept  and  example,  the  importance 


46 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


of  continued  effort  for  improvement, 
in  morals  and  manners  as  well  as  in 
useful  knowledge.  The  character  of 
the  discipline  in  Portland's  schools 
is  that  of  the  parent  over  the  child. 
Politeness  and  good  behavior  are 
carefully  inculcated  and  corporal 
punishment  is  resorted  to  only  when 
all  other  means  fail.  As  might  be 
expected  among  such  a  large  number 
of  pupils,  all  other  means  fail  at 
times,  but  the  reports  from  the  vari- 
ous schools  show  that  more  gentle 
methods  usually  prevail.  The  gen- 
eral health  of  the  pupils  of  the  public 
schools  indicates  that  the  city  realizes 
full}'  its  responsibility  in  the  matter 
of  proper  sanitary  precautions.  The 
newer  schoolhouses  are  models  of 
convenience  and  sanitary  perfection 
and  the  older  buildings  have  received 
such  repairs  and  improvements  as 
occasion  demanded,  to  bring  them  up 
to  the  requirements  of  the  times. 
Teachers  are  instructed  as  a  part  of 
their  duty  to  see  that  all  schoolrooms 
are  properly  lighted  and  ventilated, 
and  on  this  score  no  improvement  is 
possible.  The  schoolhouses  are  pro- 
vided with  ample  grounds  and  rooms 
where  the  pupils  may  take  exercise, 
in  addition  to  the  system  of  drills  cal- 
culated to  develop  the  physical  in 
contradistinction  to  the  purely  men- 
tal. In  the  primary  schools  teachers 
are  particularly  enjoined  to  allow 
pupils  frequent  change  of  position, 
and  such  alternation  from  study  to 
rest,  and  from  one  recitation  to  an- 
other, as  will  best  promote  physical 
health  and  comfort.  Excellent  as 
Portland's  schools  have  been  in  the 
past,  and  none  have  been  better,  the 
schools  of  to-day  are  far  in  advance. 
In  the  old  days  the  main  idea  was  to 
crowd  into  the  pupil's  head  as  much 
as  possible  within  a  given  time.  It 
is  true  that  the  times  produced  some 
good  heads,  and  they  were  filled  ac- 
cording to  the  approved  methods  of 
the  day  ;  but  they  were  notable  not 
by  reason  of  the  school  system,  but  in 
spite  of  it.  Modern  methods  are  best 
for  modern  times  and  the  day  of  the 


antique  has  passed.  All  children  do 
not  receive  knowledge  with  equal 
facility,  or  through  the  same  channel ; 
the  province  of  the  modern  teacher  is 
to  study  the  child,  repress  exuber- 
ance, build  up  the  weak  places,  and 
otherwise  assist  in  the  growth  of  what, 
if  properly  cared  for,  may  develop 
into  a  well  rounded  intellect.  Along 
all  lines  the  superficial  and  showy  are 
gradually  giving  place  to  the  practi- 
cal and  substantial.  Each  succeed- 
ing generation  is  stronger  than  its 
immediate  predecessor,  and  the  atten- 
tion now  given  to  the  thousand  and 
one  details  of  plumbing  and  ventila- 
tion in  the  buildings  where  the 
children  live  during  a  large  portion 
of  their  waking  hours  can  but  result 
in  a  generation  of  men  and  women 
better  fitted  physically  and  mentally 
to  give  a  good  account  of  themselves 
in  the  battle  of  life.  Portland  has  set 
its  standard  high.  As  the  metropolis 
of  the  state  it  is  looked  upon  to 
give  laws  upon  social  and  educa- 
tional questions,  and  it  is  improbable 
that  there  will  be  any  retrograde 
movement. 


Maine  School  for  the  Deaf. 


A  most  important  educational  in- 
stitution of  Portland  is  the  Maine 
School  for  the  Deaf,  now  a  state 
institution,  but  until  1897  known  as 
the  Portland  School  for  the  Deaf. 
The  school  was  first  opened  in  1876, 
and  therefore  for  over  twenty  years 
has  done  much  towards  educating 
deaf  mutes.  In  1895,  the  state  pur- 
chased the  large  mansion  house 
adjoining  the  building  comprising 
the  original  school  on  Spring  street. 
This  building,  now  called  Brownson 
Hall,  was  enlarged  to  double  its  size 
and  fitted  up  as  a  dormitory  for  the 
use  of  the  children  of  this  state,  who 
were  or  should  be,  pupils  of  the  Port- 
land School  for  the  Deaf.  When  the 
city  conveyed,  free  to  the  state,  its 
title  to  the  schoolhouse  and  lot,  the 
institution  became  known  under  its 
present  name  and  the  state  assumed 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


47 


it  as  a  charge.  The  board  of  trus- 
tees of  this  institution  is  as  follows  : 
William  H.  Brownson,  president, 
Portland  ;  Edward  B.  Winslow,  Port- 
land ;  Hiram  Knowlton,  Portland  ; 
Henry  P.  Cox,  Portland  and  Byron 
Kimball,  North  Bridgton.  After  as- 
suming charge  in  June,  1897,  the 
board  of  trustees,  encouraged  by  the 
granting  of  a  special  appropriation 
from  the  legislature,  immediately  set 
about  having  the  grounds  graded,  the 
fence  between  the  school  and  dormi- 
tory removed,  also  an  old  stable  ;  and 
a  fence  was  built  around  the  rear  of 
the  newly   combined  lots.       A  new 


is  so  seriously  impaired  as  to  be  in- 
capable of  receiving  instruction  in 
common  schools.  The  school  is  open 
to  all  deaf  children  in  the  state  and 
to  children  from  other  states  to  a 
limited  extent  after  compliance  with 
the  rules  of  the  institution.  Appli- 
cants between  the  ages  of  five  and 
twenty-one  years  are  admitted  pro- 
vided they  are  free  from  any  malady 
rendering  them  incapable  of  receiving 
instruction.  The  Combined  System 
of  Instruction,  which  includes  all 
known  methods  of  teaching  the  deaf, 
is  in  use  ;  and  especial  attention  is 
given  to  speech  and  lip  reading,  which 


(Brownson  Hall,  Dormitory) 


MAINE  SCHOOL  FOR  THE  DEAF. 


(School) 


brick  wall  was  built  from  the  street 
to  the  school,  all  the  buildings  were 
repainted,  new  plumbing  was  put 
into  the  schoolhouse,  the  heating  ap- 
paratus thoroughly  repaired,  new 
wrought  iron  fire  escapes  were  put  on 
the  dormitory,  a  new  iron  fence  built 
on  the  street  front  and  several  other 
important  improvements  were  made, 
putting  the  school  in  perfect  condition 
for  its  highly  commendable  work. 
The  school  is  conducted  under  rules 
of  economy  and  its  corps  of  competent 
teachers  accomplish  a  most  marvelous 
work.  The  school  is  designed  for  the 
instruction  of  children  whose  hearing 


is  taught  here  with  a  marked  degree 
of  success  as  children  born  deaf  and 
dumb  can  be  taught  to  read  the  lips 
of  any  one  addressing  them  and 
converse  intelligently  and  correctly. 
The  course  of  instruction  includes 
all  the  English  branches  and  all 
pupils  are  given  industrial  training 
while  in  attendance,  and  the  girls  are 
taught  to  sew  and  cook.  The  school 
session  is  from  September  10  to  June 
15.  At  the  last  term  the  school  con- 
tained about  seventy-five  pupils  of 
whom  forty-two  were  boys.  The 
principal  of  the  school  is  Elizabeth 
R.   Taylor  who  is  ably  assisted   by 


48 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


eight  teachers.  The  school,  it  is  esti- 
mated, will  soon  outgrow  its  quarters 
and  will  have  to  be  enlarged. 


Board  of  Trade. 


In  this  trade  organization  Portland 
possesses  an  influential  power  which, 
since  its  foundation  in  1853,  has  con- 
tinuously asserted  itself  in  the  best 
interests  of  this  the  largest  city  in  the 
State  of  Maine.  Since  its  origin,  the 
Portland  Board  of  Trade  has  been 
composed  of  the  majority  of  the  citi- 
zens of  Portland  having  the  largest 
business  interests  here  and  as  a  rule 
the  cream  of  the  ranks  of  the  army  of 
Portland's  financiers,  capitalists,  busi- 
ness and  professional  men.  In  look- 
ing over  the  history  and  noting  the 
innumerable  objects  accomplished,  it 
may  be  safely  stated  that  the  organ- 
ization has  been  the  most  important 
factor  in  the  growth  and  development 
of  this  city.  The  first  meetings  of 
this  organization  were  held  at  the 
Mercantile  Library  Association 
rooms,  where  Wm.  W.  Woodbury 
was  elected  the  first  president,  but 
declining  to  serve  Hon.  J.  B.  Brown 
was  chosen ;  Henry  Fox  the  first  sec- 
retary, and  Jonas  H.  Perley  its  first 
treasurer,  with  seventy-nine  in  all 
comprising  its  full  membership,  about 
fourteen  of  whom  are  still  living.  By 
act  of  the  legislature  approved  March 
22,  1854,  the  organization  became  in- 
corporated under  the  laws  of  Maine. 
The  constitution  and  by-laws,  adop- 
ted shortly  after  the  society  became  a 
corporation,  are  still  in  use.  In 
honor  of  the  arrival  in  this  port  of  the 
English  steamer,  Sarah  Sands,  after 
the  opening  of  regular  steam  commu- 
nication between  Europe  and  Port- 
land, a  notable  banquet  was  held, 
Dec.  20,  1853,  in  which  the  new 
board  of  trade  took  a  prominent  part. 
On  this  memorable  occasion,  the  ban- 
quet was  presided  over  by  the  late 
Hon.  J.  B.  Brown,  then  president  of 
the  board.  In  1856,  when  the  Great 
Eastern,  then  building  in    England, 


was  expected  to  drop  anchor  in  Port- 
land's excellent  deep  water  harbor, 
the  board  made  ample  arrangements 
to  have  the  great  influx  of  visitors 
that  the  occasion  promised  to  draw  to 
Portland  accommodated,  co-operating 
with  the  city  in  the  construction  of 
two  large  piers,  erected  at  the  cost  of 
$60,000.  Although  this  ship  never 
came,  it  was  from  no  want  of  ade- 
quate preparations  by  the  board  of 
trade.  The  matter  of  coast  commu- 
nication, between  Portland  and  the 
Maritime  Provinces,  was  one  of  the 
next  matters  taken  in  hand.  The 
discussion  of  this  important  matter 
led  to  the  inception  of  the  Interna- 
tional Steamship  Co.,  which  has  fur- 
nished such  excellent  regular  service 
between  Portland  and  the  lower  Brit- 
ish Provinces.  Soon  after  this  a  reg- 
ular line  of  sailing  packets  was  estab- 
lished by  the  board  of  trade,  making 
regular  trips  to  all  ports  along  the 
coast  as  far  as  Jonesport  and  Machias  ; 
which  afterwards  resulted  in  the  es- 
tablishment of  a  line  of  steamers  be- 
tween Portland  and  Camden,  and  a 
line  between  Portland  and  Waldo- 
boro,  and  of  the  Portland  and  Ma- 
chias Steamship  Co.,  all  of  which 
have  increased  Portland's  commerce 
a  thousandfold.  Not  only  were  the 
efforts  of  the  board  of  trade  devoted 
towards  drawing  business  from  the 
east  in  its  early  existence  ;  in  1863, 
in  response  to  the  invitations  extend- 
ed by  the  board  of  trade,  delegates 
from  the  trade  organizations  of  De- 
troit, Chicago,  Milwaukee,  Montreal 
and  Quebec  visited  this  city  where 
they  were  welcomed  hospitably  and  a 
grand  levee  and  banquet  was  held  at 
city  hall.  This  resulted  in  bringing 
about  the  better  acquaintance  between 
citizens  of  Portland  and  the  people  of 
the  western  cities.  To  protect  the 
reputation  of  the  flour  trade  in  Port- 
land, an  efficient  committee  of  the 
board  of  trade  established  a  standard 
for  the  various  brands  adopted,  and 
samples  of  which  were  left  at  the 
board  of  trade  rooms  for  reference, 
and  an  inspector  was  appointed,  being 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


49 


held  responsible  for  the  efficient  and 
faithful  discharge  of  his  duties  to  the 
board,  and  which  system  continued 
until  the  great  fire  of  1866,  when  the 
samples  were  destroyed  and  less  at- 
tention was  afterwards  given  to  a 
flour  inspection.  In  1863,  the  board 
of  trade  removed  to  rooms  opposite 
its  present  location  on  Exchange 
street,  which  quarters  were  destroyed 
by  the  great  fire,  but  afterwards  re- 
built. In  1863,  a  committee  was 
appointed  to  obtain  subscriptions  for 
the  stock  of  a  corporation  afterwards 
formed  to  build  the  present  large  dry 
dock  at  Cape  Elizabeth,  costing 
$150,000,  the  want  of  which  had  been 
apparent  for  several  years.  After 
the  destruction  of  Wood's  marble 
hotel,  which  was  erected  through  the 
efforts  of  the  board  of  trade,  Mr. 
Brown,  its  president,  in  fulfilment  of 
his  promise  to  the  board  of  trade, 
built  the  Falmouth  Hotel,  to  be  a 
credit  to  the  city,  and  as  conducted 
at  the  present  day,  so  has  it  been 
almost  since  it  was  first  bnilt.  In 
1863  also,  Sebago  Lake  was  vigor- 
ously urged  as  the  permanent  source 
of  supply  for  city  water  which  object 
was  accomplished  after  persistent 
effort  later.  Buoys  and  steam  whis- 
tles for  Cape  Elizabeth,  Matinicus 
Rock  and  Ouoddy  Head  were  secured 
from  the  government  and  the  same 
year  a  compulsory  pilotage  tax 
imposed  on  the  commerce  of  this  port 
was  killed.  In  1864,  a  special  com- 
mittee was  sent  to  Washington  which 
succeeded  in  having  excessive  duties 
on  molasses  greatly  reduced.  The 
same  year  the  board  raised  nearly 
$8,000  for  the  relief  of  the  suffering 
Union  people  of  East  Tennessee,  and 
$1,500  for  the  distressed  immigrants 
landed  here  from  the  wrecked  steamer 
Bohemian.  During  the  Rebellion, 
nearly  $30,000  was  raised  for  similar 
purposes  through  the  board.  During 
the  war  period  many  of  the  large 
manufacturing  concerns  were  ren- 
dered support  and  encouragement, 
among  which  were  the  Portland  Co., 
the  rolling  mills,   glass  works,  shovel 


works,  sugar  refineries,  all  of  which 
originated  in  the  board  of  trade. 
In  1865,  a  committee  was  chosen  for 
the  purpose  of  bringing  about  the 
organization  of  a  joint  stock  company 
for  the  manufacture  of  shoes,  with  a 
capital  of  not  less  than  $50,000.  This 
resulted  in  several  firms  and  individ- 
uals engaging  in  shoe  manufacturing 
in  this  city.  In  1867,  the  Portland 
&  Ogdensburg  Railroad  was  origi- 
nated, the  first  meeting  in  its  behalf 
being  called  by  Secretary  M.N.  Rich. 
The  same  year,  at  the  great  commer- 
cial convention  held  in  Detroit,  mainly 
through  the  efforts  of  the  Portland 
delegation,  the  National  Board  of 
Trade  was  formed.  The  detention 
of  merchandise  at  Island  Pond  for 
entry  and  payment  of  duties  there,  011 
goods  coming  over  the  Grand  Trunk 
System,  was  righted  by  the  board  of 
trade  in  1868,  and  negotiations  for 
reciprocal  trade  with  Canada  had 
been  urged  at  that  time  for  several 
years,  as  had  the  relief  of  commerce 
and  navigation  by  remission  of  tax 
on  ship  building  material  been  fre- 
quently advocated  in  congress.  In 
1 87 1  a  board  of  manufactures  was 
established  to  encourage  and  promote 
the  investment  of  foreign  capital  here, 
one  result  of  which  was  the  holding 
of  an  industrial  fair  four  years  later. 
The  deepening  of  the  harbor  to  admit 
the  largest  steamships  to  the  wharves 
at  any  time,  was  a  result  of  the 
appropriation  granted  by  congress, 
asked  for  by  the  board  in  1872; 
breaking  the  ice  in  the  upper  harbor 
and  around  the  wharves  in  extreme 
cold  seasons  had  been  done  and  paid 
for  by  the  board  of  trade.  After  the 
grain  elevator  was  destroyed  by  fire 
in  1874,  it  was  rebuilt  with  the  earn- 
est co-operation  of  the  board  and  the 
protection  of  the  water  front  now 
afforded  the  city  by  an  adequately 
equipped  fire  boat  was  urged  by  this 
organization  before  that  time.  By 
condemning  the  adulteration  of  food 
and  drugs,  protesting  against  dis- 
crimination in  freight  rates,  regula- 
tion of  interstate  commerce,  securing: 


5Q 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


lower  rates  on  mileage  books  for  com- 
mercial travelers,  an  equitable  dis- 
tribution of  the  Geneva  award, 
perfection  of  the  United  States  signal 
service  at  this  port,  greater  efficiency 
at  life-saving  stations,  change  of  sys- 
tem and  removal  of  some  of  the  light- 
houses on  this  coast,  were  all  brought 
about.  In  1884,  the  board  of  trade 
voted  to  co-operate  with  members  of 
congress  in  conceiving  measures  to 
check  the  decline  of  American  ship- 
ping, through  the  so-called  Dingley 
Bill,  and  also  to  assist  in  enhancing 
the  usefulness  of  the  Revenue  Marine 
Bill.     In  co-operation  with   the  state 


ness  houses  in  this  country  and 
Europe.  The  same  year  the  board 
appointed  a  commission  to  co-operate 
with  the  Grand  Trunk  System,  to 
build  another  grain  elevator  in  order 
to  handle  the  increasing  business  in 
grain  shipments  at  this  port.  The 
present  colossal  elevator  towering 
above  the  masts  of  the  largest  ocean 
steamers  by  a  hundred  feet  or  more, 
and  much  larger  than  its  sister  grain 
elevator  in  this  city  to-day,  shows  the 
result  of  the  energy  and  far  sighted- 
ness  of  the  members  of  the  board  of 
trade.  In  1887,  congress  was  peti- 
tioned regarding  the  proper  defence 


M.    N.    RICH, 

Secretary. 


COL.    F.    E.    BOOTHBY, 

President. 


C.    S.    FOBES, 

Treasurer. 


OFFICERS   OF  THE    PORTLAND   BOARD   OF  TRADE. 


commissioner,  the  board  did  valuable 
work  towards  making  a  creditable 
show  of  Maine  products  and  works 
of  art  at  the  New  Orleans  exposition. 
In  1885,  legislation  was  secured  by 
the  board  to  suppress  the  operations 
of  itinerant  traders  and  pedlers. 
The  following  year  action  was  taken 
securing  further  improvement  and 
deepening  of  the  water  in  Portland 
harbor,  which  was  made  suitable  for 
the  easy  passage  of  the  largest  ocean 
steamers  at  low  tide.  The  New 
York  Produce  Exchange  was  also 
aided,  by  the  board,  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  a  revised  bill  of  lading,  to  be 
adopted  internationally  by  all  busi- 


of  Maine  seaports,  and  measures  were 
adopted  to  prevent  the  diversion  of 
railroads,  coming  into  Portland,  from 
their  intended  usefulness  to  this  city. 
In  1889,  members  of  the  board  of 
trade  appeared  before  a  committee 
composed  of  members  of  congress  to 
prevent  the  rescinding  of  measures, 
threatening  to  interrupt  the  present 
commercial  relations  with  Canada,  by 
abolishing  the  privilege  of  carrying 
United  States  goods  in  bond  by  rail 
through  Canada  without  unnecessary 
hindrance.  It  was  the  year  previous 
to  this,  1888,  that  the  Board  of  Trade 
Journal  was  started  by  Secretary 
M.     N.    Rich.        This     journal    has 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


51 


ever  since  been  issued  with  clock  - 
like  regularity,  and  its  objects,  to 
keep  the  investment  of  capital  from 
being  drawn  from  the  state,  by  illus- 
trating continuously  the  many  oppor- 
tunities for  safer  investment  and  more 
profitable  return  within  the  borders 
of  the  state  of  Maine,  have  been  real- 
ized to  a  gratifying  degree.  It  was 
in  1889  that  the  board  of  trade,  by 
members  subscribing  liberally  to  the 
stock,  induced  the  printing  and 
engraving  concern,  now  known  as  the 
Lakeside  Press,  to  remove  its  plant 
to  this  city,  where  it  has  since  been 
operated.  In  1890,  the  board  of 
directors  was  increased  in  number 
from  seven  to  thirteen,  since  which 
time  the  affairs  of  the  organization 
have  been  more  fully  within  the 
jurisdiction  of  this  board.  In  1892, 
while  preparations  were  being  made 
for  a  state  representation,  with  a  state 
building  at  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition,  the  Portland  board  of 
Trade  took  a  leading  part  in  raising 
funds  and  urging  the  advisability  of 
providing  a  state  building  which 
would  do  honor  to  Maine,  subscribing 
$2,000  of  the  $35,000  of  its  approxi- 
mate cost.  During  the  World's  Fair, 
many  notable  exhibits  were  made  at 
Chicago  by  the  different  concerns, 
indirectly  connected  with  the  board 
of  trade,  and  the  board  itself  placed 
in  the  state  building  large  quantities 
of  illustrated  books,  descriptive  of 
the  State  of  Maine  and  Portland. 
Ever  alert  on  matters  of  national  im- 
portance, in  1893,  the  board  urged 
and  used  its  influence  towards  having 
the  purchasing  clause  of  the  Sher- 
man Act  repealed.  Through  the 
treasurer,  Mr.  Fobes,  the  attention  of 
the  board  to  the  need  of  a  lightship 
off  the  entrance  of  Portland  harbor, 
was  brought.  This  subject  is  one 
which  has  received  much  attention, 
and  has  since  been  productive  of  an 
appropriation,  granted  by  congress 
at  a  recent  date.  During  the  past 
few  years,  the  board  has  been  active 
in  a  thousand  and  one  ways,  in  which 
a  board  of  trade  is  called  upon,  either 


by  the  public  or  by  its  own  members, 
to  act.  The  matter  of  enlarging  and 
deepening  Portland  harbor,  so  that 
the  largest  ocean  liners,  that  dis- 
charge and  load  at  the  docks,  could 
have  one  thousand  feet  of  water  suffi- 
ciently deep  to  enable  them  to  swing 
their  giant  hulls,  is  now  being  accom- 
plished through  the  recent  appropri- 
ation made  by  congress,  of  $850,000. 
During  the  encumbency  of  President 
Edward  B.  Winslow,  who  took  a 
strong  personal  interest  in  deepening 
the  harbor,  this  work  was  commenced. 
Under  his  administration,  the  subject 
of  establishing  a  United  States  naval 
station  at  Portland,  and  government 
dry  dock,  was  suggested.  In  the 
latter  he  has  been  ably  seconded  by 
President  F.  E.  Boothby,  the  present 
encumbent.  The  efforts  of  the  board 
have  been  directed  towards  many 
new  projects,  suggested  by  the  rapid 
growth  of  the  city  and  increase  in 
population  by  the  recent  annexation 
of  Deering.  Under  Colonel  Booth- 
by's  re'gime,  the  board  of  trade  has 
been  in  close  communication  with 
the  secretary  of  the  navy,  whose  let- 
ters give  great  promise  for  the  near 
establishment  of  a  government  dry 
dock  at  this  port;  and  for  which  the 
board  has  labored  almost  incessantly. 
During  the  last  two  years  also,  illus- 
trated, descriptive  books  of  Portland 
and  vicinity,  have  been  published 
and  sent  to  various  parts  of  the  coun- 
try, showing  the  possibilities  of  the 
city  for  trade,  commerce  and  the 
attractions  of  Portland  and  vicinity 
as  a  popular  summer  resort.  Through 
subscription  lists,  circulated  by 
members  of  the  board  of  trade,  the 
families  of  the  unfortunates  lost  on 
the  steamer  Portland,  were  rendered 
timely  and  valuable  assistance. 
While  Portland  offers  many  induce- 
ments for  manufacturers  to  locate  in 
this  city,  and  the  board  of  trade  in- 
vites correspondence  from  those  de- 
sirous of  information  of  any  sort, 
schemes  needing  propping  on  all 
sides  are  promptly  declined.  The 
city  contains  many  capitalists,  some 


52 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


advantageous  locations  for   different 
kinds  of  manufacturing,   an    abund- 
ance of  skilled  labor,  and  it  is  one  of 
the  aims  and  objects  of  the  board  of 
trade  to  bring  manufacturing  to  this 
city.     The   rooms   of   the    board    of 
trade    on    Exchange    street,   are  also 
those  of  the    Merchants'   Exchange. 
This   latter   organization,    which   at 
the  present  day  possesses  115  mem- 
bers,   composed    of    individuals   and 
firms,  was  started  during  the  Rebel- 
lion,   and  before  telegraphic   reports 
were    as   commonly    circulated  as  at 
the  present  day.     These  rooms  were 
much    frequented    by  merchants   de- 
sirous of  the    latest  war  despatches. 
The   Merchants'  Exchange  has  ever 
since    been    one    of    the    influential 
organizations,     and     for    years    has 
stood  hand  in  hand  with  the  board  of 
trade.     The  rooms,  jointly  occupied, 
comprise    a     large    assembly    room, 
reading-room    and    office.       As    the 
Board  of  Trade  and  Merchants'  Ex- 
change is    a  perfect  bureau  of  infor- 
mation, open  at  all  times  to  members, 
in    which    strangers  to  the   city   are 
courteously  treated,  the  place  is  one 
of   much   interest.       Eighty   regular 
newspapers  and   journals,  published 
in  all  parts    of  the  world,    including 
published  records  of  all  exports  and 
imports  and  also  government  reports 
from    every    department,    as    well   as 
the   consular   reports  of  all   nations, 
are  kept  on  file  for  reference  ;  and  the 
scope  of  information  accessible  here 
is    practically    unlimited.      This    is 
also   the    headquarters   of   the    state 
board  of  trade,  of  which  Marshall  N. 
Rich,  the  founder  of  the  merchants' 
exchange,    is    also    secretary.       Mr. 
Rich  has  been  secretary  of  the  Port- 
land Board  of  Trade  continuously  since 
January,  1864,  and  holds  the  distinc- 
tion of  being  the  oldest  secretary  of 
any    board    of    trade    in   the    United 
States.     The  Portland  Board  of  Trade 
now    comprises    over   450   members. 
Regular  meetings  are  held  monthly, 
and  special  meetings  are  called  fre- 
quently.    The  present  officers  of  the 
board   are   as    follows:     Frederic   E. 


Boothby,  president ;  vice-presidents, 
Joseph  H.  Short,  Ammi  Whitney, 
Albert  B.  Hall;  directors,  C.  W.  T. 
Goding,  George  Trefethen,  Alonzo 
W.  Smith,  Chas.  F.  Libby,  William 
W.  Merrill,  Edward  H.  York,  Au- 
gustus R.  Wright.  Henry  P.  Cox, 
Elisha  W.  Conley,  Adam  P.  Leigh- 
ton,  Wm.  Chamberlain,  John  B. 
Coleman,  William  H.  Gray;  Charles 
S.  Fobes,  treasurer  ;  M.  N.  Rich, 
secretary. 


Hon.  F.  W.  Robinson. 


The  first  mayor  of  Greater  Port- 
land, Hon.  Frank  Woodbury  Robin- 
son, was  born  in  this  city,  Nov.  27, 
1853.  He  is  a  son  of  Franklin  and 
Martha  A.  (Stevens)  Robinson,  and 
is  descended  from  colonial  ancestry 
on  both  sides.  He  attended  the 
public  schools  of  Portland  and  Den- 
ver, Col.,  graduating  from  the  Port- 
land High  School  in  1873.  Among 
his  graduating  classmates  were, 
Lieut.  Peary,  the  celebrated  Arctic 
explorer,  Dr.  Chas.  D.  Smith,  a 
member  of  the  state  board  of  health, 
Dr.  William  Stephenson,  now  bri- 
gade surgeon  at  Santiago,  Josiah  H. 
Drummond,  Jr.,  and  Hon.  William 
H.  Looney.  Choosing  the  legal  pro- 
fession, he  was  graduated  from  Har- 
vard law  school  in  1875,  with  the 
degree  of  LL.  B.,  He  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  October  1 2  the  same  year, 
began  the  practice  of  his  profession, 
and  for  several  years  has  been  a 
member  of  the  well  known  law  firm 
of  Libby,  Robinson  &  Turner.  In 
1877,  to  succeed  the  late  Moses  M. 
Butler,  upon  his  election  to  the  office 
of  mayor,  Mr.  Robinson  was  appoint- 
ed assistant  county  attorney.  He 
was,  in  1888,  elected  county  attorney, 
and  held  the  office  the  customary 
two  terms.  He  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  municipal  court  in  1895.  This 
office  he  held  until  chosen  mayor. 
His  election  as  the  first  mayor  of 
Greater  Portland,  showed  his  marked 
popularity  in  the  city  of  his  birth. 
In  no  sense  a  politician,  and  having 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


53 


served  in  the  city  government  only 
as  a  member  of  the  board  of  police 
commissioners,  his  natural  fitness  for 
the  office  was  unanimously  voiced  by 
the  voters  of  the  Republican  party  at 
the  caucuses,  their  choice  being  rat- 
ified by  an  almost  overwhelming 
majority  at  the  polls.  He  was  one 
of  the  original  members  of  the  High 
School  Cadets,  which  celebrated  mil- 
itary organization  afterwards  merged 
into  the 
Port  land 
Cadets;  and 
as  captain, 
s  u  c  c  e  eded 
Capt.  John 
Anderson. 
He  is  en- 
rolled in  the 
Odd  Fel- 
lows and  all 
the  bodies 
of  the  York 
rite  in  Ma- 
sonry, and 
is  a  member 
of  the  Cum- 
ber 1  a  n  d 
Club,  also  a 
trustee  of 
the  Green- 
leaf  Law 
Librarj-  . 
He  was 
married  in 
1877  to  Miss 
Ida  F. 
Wheeler, 
d  a  u  g  h  ter, 
of  Elisha 
Wheeler) 
and  has  one 
d  a  u  g  h  t  er, 
Beatrice  W. 
brothers,  Eben  S, 
1893,  and  George 


HON.    F.    W.    ROBINSON,    FIRST    MAYOR   OF    GREATER    PORTLAND. 


Robinson.  Of  his  two 
Robinson  died  in 
R.  Robinson  is  a 
resident  of  this  city.  Judge  Robin- 
son's father  was  the  son  of  Capt. 
Woodbury  Robinson  (mariner). 
His  father  was  Samuel  Robinson, 
the  latter  of  whom  served  as  private 
and  drum-major  in  the  Revolutionary 
war,  and   whose    grandfather  served 


as  a  sergeant  in  the  same  company. 
Capt.  Woodbury  Robinson's  wife  was 
Louisa  A.  Tolford,  who,  with  her 
brothers,  is  well  remembered  in  the 
retail  dry  goods  business  in  this  city. 
Mayor  Robinson's  mother  was  the 
daughter  of  the  late  Eben  C.  Stevens, 
who  for  many  years  was  a  merchant 
tailor  on  Middle  street.  His  ances- 
tor, William  Stevens,  immigrated  to 
this    country    in     1632,    settling     in 

Glouces  ter, 
Cape  Ann, 
and  becom- 
ing promi- 
nent in 
church  and 
town  affairs; 
was  a  mem- 
ber of  the 
general 
court  in 
1665.  He 
was  reduced 
to  poverty 
on  account 
of  his  noble 
resistance 
to  the  pro- 
ceedings of 
the  commis- 
sioners sent 
by  George 
III.  Mayor 
Robinson's 
maternal 
grandmoth  - 
er,  Eunice 
Stevens, 
was  born 
October  30, 
1798,  at 
Wood  fords 
Corner  in 
the  house  now  known  as  the  Wood- 
ford House.  This  historic  house 
was  built  by  Benjamin  Stevens,  the 
progenitor  of  the  Stevens  family  of 
Woodfords  and  Stevens  Plains. 


Hon.  C  H.  Randall. 


The  mayor  of  Portland  in  1897-98 
was  one  well  fitted  by  experience  in 


54 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


public  affairs,  for  the  office  he  held. 
Hon.  Charles  H.  Randall  was  born 
in  this  city  fifty-two  years  ago,  and 
is  the  son  of  the  late  J.  F.  Randall, 
one  of  the  old-time  substantial  men 
of  Portland.  He  obtained  his  educa- 
tion in  the  local  public  schools,  in- 
cluding attendance  at  the  Portland 
High  School.  He  afterwards  became 
associated  with  his  father,  who  was 
engaged  in 
the  whole- 
sale grocery 
bus  iness, 
and  con- 
ducted large 
s  h  i  p  y  a  rds 
on  the  cape. 
Under  his 
father  he 
soon  showed 
evidences  of 
p  os'sessing 
marked  bus- 
iness ability 
and,  a  few 
years  later, 
became  one 
of  the  firm 
o  f  J.  F. 
Randall  & 
C  o.  This 
was  when 
the  s  h i  p- 
building  in- 
dustry was 
thriving  in 
Portland. 
Many  fine 
sailing  ves- 
sels were 
launched 
from    their 

yards.  Among  ships  built  by  them 
was  the  Alice  D.  Cooper,  which  ves- 
sel won  fame  for  her  builders  by 
making,  at  that  time,  the  fastest  trip 
across  the  Atlantic  of  any  vessel  of 
her  class.  Since  1885,  a  year  after 
which  the  senior  Randall  retired  from 
business,  on  account  of  ill  health, 
Mr.  Randall  has  been  partner  in  the 
large  wholesale  grocery  concern  of 
Simonton   &   Randall,    whose    estab- 


HON.    C.    H.    RANDALL. 


lishment  is  one  of  the  best  known 
and  patronized  east  of  Boston,  and 
situated  on  Commercial  street.  Their 
trade  extends  throughout  Maine, 
New  Hampshire  and  Vermont.  Mr. 
Randall  entered  the  local  political 
arena  in  1890  as  a  candidate  for  the 
common  council  from  Ward  6.  His 
election  was  assured  from  the  start, 
as  it  was  in  the  two  years  following. 

H  e  served 
three  years 
in  the  com- 
mon coun- 
cil, the  last 
year  of 
which  h  e 
was  pres- 
i  d  e  n  t  of 
the  lower 
branc  h  of 
the  city  gov- 
e  r  nm  en  t. 
His  efficien- 
cy in  public 
office  w  a  s 
demonstrat- 
ed every 
year,  and 
with  it  in- 
creased his 
popularity. 
In  1894,  he 
was  nomi- 
nated for  the 
board  of  al- 
dermen, and 
upon  his 
election, 
was  chosen 
chairman  of 
that  body. 
The  year 
record  won 
board,  when 
by  being 
,  his  name 


following,  his  previous 
him  a  re-election  to  the 
he  was  again  honored 
chosen  chairman.  In  185 
was  strongly  urged  for  the  mayoralty, 
but  before  the  caucuses  he  retired 
from  the  field.  In  1897,  that  year 
opposing  Mayor  Baxter,  who  had 
served  four  terms,  he  was  placed  in 
nomination  and  elected  by  a  hand- 
some vote,  his  opponent  at  the  polls 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


55 


being  Edward  B.  Winslow.  His  en- 
cumbency  as  mayor  was  marked  by 
unusual  efficiency,  and  added  credit 
to  his  public  career.  His  careful, 
economical  and  business-like  admin- 
istration won  him  friends  and  sup- 
porters from  the  ranks  of  his  former 
political  foes.  A  large  floating  debt, 
inherited  by  his  administration,  was 
paid,  but  two  notes  of  $20,000  each, 
while  the  different  departments  of 
the  city  accomplished  their  usual 
work,  and  the  large  and  expensive 
contract  of  constructing  Tukey's 
bridge  was  finished  under  his  regime. 
That 
M  r  . 
Randall 
estab- 
lished 
m  a  n  y 
not  abl e 
prece  - 
dents, 
whic  h 
will  be 
of  bene- 
fit to  the 
citizens 
and  tax- 
pay  e  rs 
in  years 
to  come, 
is  a  mat- 
te r  of 
public 
re  c  o  rd . 
B  e  s  i  de 
lookin  g 
careful  - 

ly  after  the  interests  of  the  city  in  a 
business  way,  Mr.  Randall  gracefully 
represented  Portland  socially,  his 
presence  being  rarely  refused  at  pub- 
lic functions.  Never  was  his  adapta- 
bility in  this  direction  more  signifi- 
cantly shown,  than  upon  occasions 
when  the  city  of  Portland  was  called 
upon  to  officiate  in  matters  where 
state  pride  was  concerned,  this  being 
most  noticeable  during  the  visit  of 
the  Royal  Scots.  While  Mr.  Randall 
is  esteemed  the  most  by  those  who 
know  him  best,  his  strong  personality 


and  eloquence  at  public  gatherings 
made  him  popular  with  the  majority 
of  those  with  whom  he  came  in  con- 
tact, in  his  public  capacity.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Portland  Club,  and 
the  Portland  Athletic  Club,  but  en- 
rolled in  the  membership  of  no  secret 
order.     He  resides  on  State  street. 


Visit  of  the  Royal  Scots. 


The  visit  of  the  Royal  Scots  of 
Canada,  to  Portland,  in  July,  1898, 
was  an  event  of  more  than  local  im- 
portance and  significance,  emphasiz- 
ing as  it 
did  i  n 
no  un- 
c  e  r  tain 
manner, 
an  era 
of  good- 
will be- 
twe  e  n 
Great 
Britain 
and  the 
U 11  i  ted 
States. 
The 
fourth 
day  of 
July,  of 
that 
y  e  a  r  , 
was  the 
fiftieth 
a  n  n  i  - 


CITY    HALL,    PORTLAND,    DECORATED   IN    HONOR  OF   ROYAL    SCOTS 


vers  a  ry 
of    the 

opening  of  the  Grand  Trunk  Railroad, 
for  on  July  4,  184S,  this  road,  or  the 
Atlantic  &  St.  Lawrence  Railroad,  as 
it  was  then  known,  was  opened  to 
passenger  traffic  between  Portland 
and  Yarmouth,  and  the  celebration 
of  the  event  was  combined  with  the 
city's  celebration  of  the  anniversary 
of  our  national  independence.  The 
news  of  the  destruction  of  Cervera's 
fleet  at  Santiago,  which  received 
confirmation  at  an  early  hour  on  that 
day,  was  another  factor  in  an  occa- 
sion for  general  rejoicing.     Through 


56 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


57 


the  earnest  intervention  of  British 
Vice  Consul  J.  B.  Keating,  the  nec- 
essary permission  had  been  obtained 
for  one  or  more  companies  of  British 
soldiers,  stationed  in  Canada,  to  visit 
the  United  States  in  uniform  and  under 
arms,  to  assist  in  the  joint  celebration, 
and  at  8.30  o'clock,  Sunday  morn- 
ing, July  3,  a  train  of  nine  Pullmans 
and  two  baggage  cars,  bearing  the 
Royal  Scots,  arrived  in  Portland  over 
the  Grand  Trunk  road.  As  the  train 
drew  into  the  station,  the  crowd 
which  had  gathered,  in  anticipation 
of  the  event,  cheered  enthusiastically. 


field  and  staff  officers  were  as  follows: 
Majors  Cameron,  Carson,  Gault  and 
W.  M.  Blaiklock;  Capt.  Meighan, 
adjutant ;  Major  Rollo  Campbell, 
surgeon  ;  Brown,  assistant  surgeon. 
The  company  officers  were  :  Com- 
pany No.  1,  Captain  Campbell,  Lieu- 
tenant Cleghorne  ;  company  No.  2, 
Captain  Ross,  Lieutenant  Dodds ; 
company  No.  3,  Captain  Oliver,  Lieu- 
tenant Gault ;  company  No.  4,  Cap- 
tain Cantlie,  Lientenant  Armstrong  ; 
company  No.  5,  Captain  Evans, 
Lieutenant  Allen  ;  company  No.  6, 
Captain  Ibbotson,  Lieutenant  Forbes. 


LIEUT.    A.    F.    GAULY. 


LIEUT.      COL.    E.    B.    IBBOTSON. 


CAPT.   J.    S.    IBBOTSON. 


As  soon  as  the  train  came  to  a  stop, 
the  order  to  alight  was  given.  On 
the  station  platform  were  British  Vice 
Consul  Keating,  and  the  members  of 
the  city  government's  Fourth  of  July 
committee,  who  exchanged  greetings 
with  the  officers  of  the  queen's  crack 
Canadian  battalion,  and  tendered 
them  the  hospitalities  of  the  city. 
This  battalion  is  composed  of  six 
companies,  with  a  total  strength,  in- 
cluding the  musicians,  of  over  four 
hundred  men,  the  whole  commanded 
by    Colonel    E.    B.    Ibbotson.       The 


In  addition,  there  were  Colonel  Cav- 
erhill  and  Major  McCorkill,  retired 
officers  of  the  Royal  Scots  ;  Lieuten- 
ant Crathern,  of  the  field  battery, 
who  is  attached  to  the  command, 
and  Bandmaster  Cooke,  Drummers' 
Sergeant  Rosser,  Pipe  Major  Manson 
and  Drum  Major  Boyd.  The  entire 
party,  numbering  about  four  hun- 
dred and  fifty  men,  with  horses  for 
the  officers,  through  the  courtesy  of 
the  Grand  Trunk  management,  was 
given  free  transportation  from  Mon- 
7  treal  to  Portland  and  return.     These 


58 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


59 


CHIEF   MARSHAL   AND   AIDS   OF  THE    PARADE. 


were  the  first  British  soldiers  in  uni- 
form and  under  arms,  that  had  been 
seen  on  the  streets  of  Portland  for 
many  years  ;  and  it  is  easy  to  under- 
stand the  interest  and  curiosity  their 
appearance  aroused.  The  Royal 
Scots  were  organized  as  an  infantry 
regiment  about  1878,  and  it  was  the 
first  regiment  in  Canada  to  adopt  the 
full  Highland  costume.  Their  motto, 
11  Ne  obliviscar- 
zV,"  which  may 
be  freely  trans- 
lated, "  Dinna 
forget  God,  our- 
selves or  coun- 
try." Many  of 
the  members  are 
veterans  who 
have  seen  ser- 
vice in  other 
British  colonies. 
The  armory  had 
been  designated 
as  headquarters 
of  the  battalion 
during  its  visit, 
and  here  the 
soldiers  came  di- 
rect from  the 
station.  The 
basement     w  a  s 


fitted  up  as  a 
dining  hall, 
where  excellent 
meals  w  ere 
served  by  a  ca- 
terer, engaged 
and  paid  by  the 
city.  In  the 
main  hall,  sleep- 
ing quarters 
were  arranged 
and  every  pre- 
caution  had 
been  taken  for 
the  comfort  of 
the  city's  guests. 
After  breakfast, 
which  was 
served  at  once, 
the  early  hours 
of  the  forenoon 
were  devoted  to 
removing  the  dust  of  travel,  and  in 
making  acquaintances.  At  about 
eleven  o'clock,  Sunday  forenoon,  the 
church  call  was  sounded,  and  the 
troops,  forming  line  in  divine  service 
order,  marched  to  St.  Luke's  cathe- 
dral, where  the  Right  Reverend 
Bishop  Neely  delivered  an  eloquent 
welcoming  address,  in  the  course  of 
which   he    expressed   the   wish   that 


ROYAL   SCOTS  ON    PARADE. 


6o 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


through  many  generations  the  cords 
that  bind  England  and  America  may 
grow  stronger  and  stronger  until,  be- 
fore the  world  and  in  all  that  con- 
cerns the  interests  of  humanity,  they 
shall  be  one.  From  the  cathedral 
the  battalion  marched  back  to  the 
armory,  where  fatigue  uniforms  were 
donned  and  seats  taken  at  the  tables 
in  the  dining  hall.  The  commis- 
sioned officers,  who  had  been  assigned 
quarters  at  the  Preble  House,  stood 
in  the  rear  of  the  hall,  with  Mayor 
Randall,  Vice  Consul  Keating,  and 
about  half  the  members  of  Portland's 
city  coun- 
cil. When 
the  men 
were  seat- 
ed Mayor 
Randall, 
in  an 
address, 
brief  but 
to  the 
point,  ex- 
tended to 
them,  in 
behalf  of 
the  city 
govern- 
ment, a 
cordial 
wel  c  o  me 
and  the 
free  dom 
of  the 
city  dur- 
ing  their 

stay.  He  then  proposed  toasts  to 
"Her  Majesty,  the  Queen,"  and  "  To 
the  honor  of  the  Royal  Scots  of  Can- 
ada, our  honored  guests,"  and  in 
Maine  fruit  punch  the  healths  were 
enthusiastically  pledged.  Lieuten- 
ant Colonel  Ibbotson  responded  brief- 
ly, expressing  the  thanks  of  officers 
and  men  for  the  treatment  they  had 
received.  At  2.30  P.  M.,  a  large 
number  of  the  soldiers  marched  to 
Custom  House  wharf  and  boarded 
the  steamer  Pilgrim  for  a  sail  in  the 
inner  harbor.  Later  the  Pilgrim  re- 
turned  to   the   wharf,     and    took   on 


ROYAL    SCOTS   ON    PARADE. 


board  the  officers  of  the  Royal  Scots, 
Mayor  Randall,  and  other  notables, 
and  made  another  trip,  passing  close 
to  the  monitor  Montauk,  exchanging 
courtesies  with  Uncle  Sam's  Naval 
Reserves,  and  making  a  trip  among 
the  islands.  Cushings  Island  was 
reached  about  4  o'clock,  and  here  re- 
freshments were  served.  The  return 
to  the  cityr  was  made  at  5.30  P.  M. 
At  7.45,  special  cars  were  taken  for  a 
trip  to  Riverton,  where  thousands  of 
people  had  gathered  in  anticipation 
of  the  visit.  Here  the  Royal  Scots 
band   gave    an    hour's    concert,     the 

selec- 
tions be- 
ing prin- 
cipally 
Ameri- 
can airs. 
It  was  es- 
timated 
that  fully 
1  0,000 
people 
were 
present 
during 
the  con- 
cert. 
About  1 1 
o'clock 
the  vis- 
itors re- 
turned to 
the  city. 
Monday, 

July  4, 
the  day  of  the  great  celebration,  gave 
promise  at  an  early  hour  of  being  one 
of  the  most  trying  days  of  summer, 
and  later  the  promise  was  amply  ver- 
ified. In  spite  of  the  heat,  however, 
an  enormous  crowd  gathered  to  wit- 
ness and  take  part  in  the  festivities 
of  the  occasion.  The  presence  of  the 
Royal  Scots,  the  Connecticut  Volun- 
teers, and  the  crews  from  the  monitor 
Montauk  and  training-ship  Enter- 
prise, drew  visitors  from  all  parts  of 
the  state.  Elaborate  decorations 
were  general  throughout  the  city,  the 
common  design  being;  a  union  of  the 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


61 


flags  of  Great  Britain  and  the  United 
States.  Onr  Canadian  visitors  real- 
ized the  amount  of  work  before  them, 
and  passed  the  morning  hours  quiet- 
ly. The  events  of  the  early  morning 
were  witnessed  by  the  usual  crowds, 
but  the  procession  was  the  one  part 
of  the  day's  program  in  which  every- 
body was  interested,  and  throughout 
the  line  of  march  the  sidewalks  were 


the  somewhat  complicated  formation, 
there  was  little  delay,  and  the  pro- 
cession moved  in  the  following  order: 
First  division,  American  Cadet  band, 
25  pieces  ;  First  Connecticut  Volun- 
teers, two  companies,  150  men  ;  de- 
tachment of  sailors  from  the  monitor 
Montauk,  36  men  ;  battalion  of  the 
Royal  Scots  of  Canada,  six  compan- 
ies, 368  men  and  regimental  band  of 


CONGRESS  STREET,  LOOKING  EAST. 


packed  with  a  surging  mass  of  hu- 
manity, and  windows  and  doorways 
were  filled  with  interested  spectators. 
A  little  before  10  o'clock  Chief  Mar- 
shal Sanborn,  with  his  pennant 
bearer  and  bugler,  took  position  on 
Chestnut  street,  near  Congress,  sur- 
rounded by  Chief-of-Staff  Milliken, 
and  aids.  At  10.15  the  bugle  sound- 
ed, and  the  order,  "Forward,"  was 
given.     Considering    the    crowd  and 


37  pieces,  with  drum  major  and  bag- 
pipers :  battalion  High  School  Ca- 
dets ;  detachment  from  training-ship 
Enterprise,  64  men  ;  14  carriages,  in 
which  were  Governor  Powers,  Mayor 
Randall,  Adjutant  General  Richards, 
Vice-Consul  Keating,  guests  of  the 
city  and  members  of  the  city  govern- 
ment. Second  division,  Chandler's 
band,  26  pieces  ;  third  battalion  of 
First      Regiment      Uniform      Rank, 


62 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Knights  of  Pythias  of  Maine,  and  the 
Portland  Veteran  Firemen.  Third 
division,  Westbrook  City  band,  25 
pieces  ;  pupils  of  the  schools  of  Port- 
land in  barges  and  floats.  Fourth 
division,  Presumpscot  band,  display 
of  Portland  trades  and  business 
houses.  Fifth  division,  Portland  fire 
department,  under  the  command  of 
Chief  Eldridge.  The  route  of  the 
parade  was  as  follows :  From  city 
building  down  Congress  street  to 
Washington,  to  Cumberland,  to  High, 
to  Deering,  to  State,  to  Congress,  to 
Vaughan,  to  Bramhall,  to  Western 
pro  me- 
nade,  to 
Pine,  to 
Brack- 
et t,  to 
D  a  n  - 
forth,  to 
State, to 
C  o  n  - 
gressj 
to  eitv 
build- 
ing. The 
route 
was  a 
long 
one,  and 
the  heat 
was  op- 
p  r  e  s  - 
sive,but 
the  va- 
rious 
c  o  m  - 


ROYAL   SCOTS   BAGPIPERS. 


panies 

marched  with  as  good  alignment  at 
the  end  as  at  the  beginning.  This 
absence  of  carelessness  or  seeming 
fatigue  was  particularly  noticeable  in 
the  case  of  the  Royal  Scots.  It  is  im- 
possible to  recall  any  organization 
that  ever  paraded  the  streets  of  Port- 
land and  attracted  so  much  attention 
and  called  forth  so  much  favorable 
comment.  The  uniform  of  the  bat- 
talion is  a  strikingly  beautiful  and 
picturesque  one,  and  the  members 
are  stalwart  fellows  whose  every 
movement      speaks      eloquently      of 


discipline  and  training,  up  to  the 
point  of  almost  absolute  perfection. 
The  music  of  the  bagpipers  was 
blood-stirring,  and  all  the  evolutions 
of  the  command  en  route  were  exe- 
cuted with  a  precision  that  called 
forth  round  after  round  of  hearty, 
honest  applause.  In  Congress  square, 
the  parade  was  reviewed  by  Govern- 
or Powers,  and  on  reaching  the  end 
of  the  route  the  Royal  Scots  marched 
direct  to  the  armory,  where  refresh- 
ments were  served  and  acquaintances 
renewed.  The  exercises  in  celebra- 
tion of  the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the 

Grand 
Trunk 
took 
place 
on  the 
Eastern 
prome- 
nade at 
three 
o'clock, 
and  the 
program 
was  car- 
ried out 
in  all 
partic- 
u  1  a  rs . 
Sur- 
round- 
ed by 
an  im- 
mense 
crowd, 
Mayor 
R  a  n  - 
dall,  Governor  Powers,  and  other 
guests  of  the  city,  took  seats  upon 
the  platform,  and  the  exercises 
opened  with  singing.  Rev.  A.  H. 
Wright,  pastor  of  St.  Lawrence  Con- 
gregational church,  offered  a  fervent 
prayer,  eminently  suited  to  the  day 
and  the  occasion.  Then,  after  sing- 
ing by  the  large  chorus,  Mayor  Ran- 
dall introduced  the  orator  of  the  day. 
The  mayor  said  :  "  Ladies  and  gen- 
tlemen :  We  are  assembled  here 
to-day  to  commemorate  with  appropri- 
ate exercises  the  fiftieth  anniversary 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


63 


CONNECTICUT  VOLUNTEERS. 


of  the  opening  of  the  Atlantic  and  St. 
Iyawrence  railroad,  now  a  part  of 
that  great  system  known  through- 
out the  land  as  the  Grand  Trunk 
Railway  of  Canada,  which  connects 
Portland  with 
the  great  city  of 
Montreal  and 
the  far  West. 
This  occasion 
must  be  interest- 
ing to  Canadi- 
ans and  Ameri- 
cans alike,  and 
we  are  especial- 
ly pleased  to 
welcome  here 
to-day  to  assist 
us  in  celebrating 
this  event,  this 
splendid  battal- 
ion of  the  volun- 
teer soldiers  of 
that  great  coun- 
try to  the  north, 
which  forms  a 
part  of  that  vast 
empire  on  which 
the     sun    never 


sets  and  which 
we  are  proud  to 
call  our  friend. 
One  year  ago,  I 
had  the  honor  of 
welcoming  to 
our  city,  on  the 
occasion  of  the 
Queen's  Jubi- 
lee, the  officers 
and  crew  of  Her 
Majesty's  ship 
Pallas,  and  to- 
day it  affords  me 
equal  honor  and 
as  great  pleas- 
ure, in  behalf  of 
the  city  of  Port- 
land, to  welcome 
the  officers  and 
men  of  the  Fifth 
Royal  Scots 
of  Montreal. 
Gentlemen,  we 
are  glad  to  meet  you  here,  not  only  to 
assist  us  in  this  celebration,  but 
also  to  cement  more  firmly  the  ties 
of  friendship  and  regard  that  are 
to-day  binding  together  the  English 


ROYAL   SCOTS  ON    PARADE. 


64 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


ROYAL   SCOTS   ON    PARADE. 


speaking  people  throughout  the 
world.  Thirty-eight  years  ago,  an 
English  fleet  lay  at  anchor  in  our 
harbor,  and  from  yonder  point  I  saw 
the  future  king  of  England  embark 
for  home,  followed  by  the  cheers 
and  best  wishes  of  the  citizens  of 
Portland,  and 
to-day  it  seems 
especially  fit- 
ting that  on  this 
historic  spot, 
representat  i  ve  s 
of  the  two  great 
nations  should 
meet  together, 
and  while  cel- 
ebrating the 
birthday  of  the 
iron  road  that 
binds  them  to- 
gether commer- 
cially, should 
also  pledge  to 
each  other  that 
friendship  and 
support  which 
eventually  will 
dominate  the 
world.     And  as 


today  from  every 
part  of  this  great 
nation  prayers 
are  offered  for 
the  safety  and 
the  health  of 
the  president  of 
the  republic, 
and  for  the  suc- 
cess of  our  army 
and  navy,  so 
also  do  we  join 
with  you  in 
praying,  '  Eong 
live  Victoria. 
God  save  the 
Queen.'  We 
have  with  us  to- 
day a  distin- 
guished citizen 
of  Portland,  who 
is  probably  bet- 
ter acquainted 
with  the  railroad 
history  of  our  state  than  an)T  other 
man  within  her  borders,  a  gentleman 
whom  we  all  delight  to  honor.  I  now 
have  the  pleasure  of  introducing  to 
you,  as  orator  of  the  day,  Hon. 
Josiah  H.  Drummond."  Mr.  Drum- 
mond,  in  his  address,   gave  a  history 


ROYAL    SCOTS  ON    PARADE. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


65 


of  the  movement  to  connect  Montreal 
and  Portland  by  rail ;  the  opening  of 
the  line,  and  the  innumerable  benefits 
that  have  followed.  He  closed  by 
expressing  the  belief  that  all  who 
speak  the  English  tongue  will  hence- 
forth stand  together  for  the  peace  of 
the  world.  Then  there  was  more 
singing,  brief  remarks  by  ex-Alder- 
man John  J.  Gerrish  and  General 
Manager  Reeve,  of  Montreal,  and  the 
exercises  closed  with  the  singing  of 
America.  The  Royal  Scots  had  in- 
tended to  give  an  exhibition  parade 
on  the  Western  promenade  during 
the  af- 
ternoon 
but  ow- 
ing to 
the  heat 
o  f  the 
day  and 
t  li  e 
leng  th 
o  f  the 
m  o  r  11  - 
ing  pa- 
rade, it 
was  giv- 
en up. 
During 
their 
marc  h 
to  Un- 
ion sta- 
tion in 
the 
early 
even- 
ing,  they 
the 
en 


ROYAL   SCOTS   ON    PARADE. 


short 
of    the 
in   the 


gave  a 
western  part 
route  stopped 
pay  their  respects  to 
Powers,  Mayor  Randall 
tant    General    Richards, 


parade    in 

city,    and 

square    to 

Governor 

and    Adju- 

who    occu- 


pied a  carriage  at  that  point.  The 
battalion  was  drawn  up  to  form 
three  sides  of  a  hollow  square  around 
the  carriage.  Then  Colonel  Ibbotson 
placed  his  officers  inside  the  square, 
and  the  whole  command  stood  at  at- 
tention. Governor  Powers  arose  and 
briefly  addressed  the  troops,  saying 
that  he  was  °dad  to  see  them  in  the 


State  of  Maine  and,  complimenting 
them  highly  on  their  superb  march- 
ing and  soldierly  bearing,  he  said, 
in  substance:  "  Such  an  organization 
of  soldiers,  and  such  discipline  and 
proficiency  in  military  training  as  you 
have  this  day  shown,  are  a  credit  to 
yourselves  and  an  honor  to  the  Do- 
minion of  Canada.  You  are  worthy 
descendants  of  your  Scotch  ancestry, 
whose  military  prowess  is  every- 
where recognized.  I  know  something 
of  Canada,  her  people,  her  institu- 
tions, her  laws  and  her  form  of  gov- 
ernment,     I  have    lived  many  years 

with  in 
t  w  o 
miles 
of  her 
bor  d  er. 
There 
is  no 
count  ry 
w  here 
life  and 
proper- 
ty are 
safer. 
Individ- 
ual lib- 
erty , 
per  s  on- 
a  1  se- 
curity 
and  the 
right  of 
every 
man  to 
enjo  y 

the  fruits  of  his  labor,  under  equal, 
just  and  generally  wise  laws  are 
vouchsafed  to  all  the  people  of  the 
Dominion.  You  have  a  just  right  to 
be  proud  of  being  a  part  of  that  grand 
English  empire  on  which  the  sun  never 
sets.  An  empire  whose  flag  is  the 
symbol  of  justice,  protection  and  order 
wherever  it  floats.  An  empire  gov-, 
erned  nominally  by  a  limited  mon- 
archy, yet  in  fact  and  in  truth  one  of 
the  strongest,  freest  and  best  democ- 
racies that  ever  blessed  mankind. 
Great  Britain  and  the  United  States, 
in       short,     the     English     speaking 


66 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


HON.    LLEWELLYN    POWERS,    GOVERNOR   OF   MAINE. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


67 


people  of  the  world,  seem  to  be  the  only 
nations  that  can  fully  comprehend 
and  properly  use  parliamentary  gov- 
ernment. These  two  governments 
to-day  are  moving  harmoniously  for- 
ward in  substantantially  the  same 
paths  in  the  interest  of  liberty,  of 
commerce,  of  progress  and  of  good 
government.  Never  again,  I  trust 
and  believe,  will  there  be  any  strife 
or  serious  contention  between  them. 
We  have  many  things  which  bind  us 
together.  We  have  a  common  an- 
cestry, we  speak  the  same  language, 
we  reverence  the  same  God, we  wor- 
ship a  t 
the  same 
shr  in  es, 
religious, 
poli  t  i  cal 
and  edu- 
catio  n  al. 
We  seek 
substa  n- 
tially  the 
same 
ends. 
The  Eng- 
lish com- 
mon law, 
that 
splen  d  i  d 
m  o  n  u  - 
ment  of 
wisdom, 
learn- 
ing, and 
justice, 

we  of  the  United  States,  as  does 
ever}-  British  subject,  claim  as  our 
birthright.  We  recognize  the  ne- 
cessity of  military  and  naval  forces 
for  the  preservation  of  order  and 
the  maintenance  of  international 
rights,  and  we  honor  the  brave  and 
patriotic  men,  who,  like  yourselves, 
are  ever  read}-  to  respond  when  the 
country  calls.  Yet  we  believe,  and 
it  is  one  of  the  cardinal  principles  in 
our  government,  that  except  upon 
extraordinary  occasions,  the  military 
is,  and  should  be,  subordinate  to  the 
civil  power.  We  have,  to-day,  re- 
ceived glad  tidings  of   a  great  naval 


ROYAL   SCOTS   ON    PARADE. 


victory  near  Santiago.  A  victory  in 
the  interests  of  humanity,  a  victory 
that  gladdens  your  heart,  as  well  as 
our  own;  for  we  know  and  fully 
appreciate  where  the  friendly  influ- 
ence of  England  is',  and  has  been, 
ever  since  we  engaged  in  this  war 
with  Spain.  I  regretted  very  much 
that  we  should  have  this  contest 
forced  upon  us  in  the  sunset  hours  of 
the  nineteenth  century.  I  have  been 
of  those  who  believe  if  the  president 
had  been  left  alone  that  it  might 
have  been  avoided.  But  the  time  for 
diplomacy  has  passed,  and  we  have 

entered 
upon  the 
contest. 
Whether 
necessa- 
rily and 
wisely  or 
not,  the 
future 
must  de- 
cide. We 
can  now 
take  no 
steps 
back- 
ward. 
The  du- 
ty of  ev- 
ery loyal 
citizen 
is  plain. 
The  war 
must  go 
on  and  be  prosecuted  with  vigor  till 
the  last  vestige  of  Spanish  misrule, 
corruption  and  tyranny  is  forever 
driven  from  the  American  continent, 
and  I  wish  you  to  take  back  to  our 
friends  in  Canada  the  assurance  that 
this  will  be  done,  and  done  speedily. 
As  governor  of  Maine,  it  has  been  a 
pleasure  to  me  to  welcome  you  to  our 
state.  Every  movement  of  this  kind, 
every  interchange  of  visits,  must  have 
a  tendency  to  create  better  and  more 
friendly  relations  between  us.  Your 
coming  here  is  a  step  in  the  right 
direction,  and  I  wish  you  a  safe  re- 
turn  to    your   homes.       And    I    also 


68 


FORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


ROYAL   SCOTS   ON    PARADE. 


trust  that  your  welcome  here  has 
been  such  that  you  may  feel  to  visit 
us  again  in  the  near  future. ' '  Mayor 
Randall  followed  in  a  telling  address. 
He  assured  the  visitors  that  they  had 
done  credit  to  themselves  and  the 
city  they  represented,  and  closed  by 
predicting  closer  commercial  and  po- 
litical relations 
between  Canada 
and  the  United 
States.  Colonel 
Ibbotson  r  e  - 
sponded  feeling- 
ly, expressing 
his  appreciation 
of  the  open- 
hearted  way  in 
which  he  and 
his  command 
had  been  re- 
ceived in  Port- 
land. Then  the 
colonel  ordered 
all  the  officers 
to  advance,  and 
they  did  so,  sa- 
luting with  their 
swords  as  they 
surrounded  the 
carriage.   When 


the  officers 
grasped  the 
hands  of  the 
mayor  and  gov- 
ernor,  they 
found  difficulty 
in  expressing 
their  thanks  for 
the  hearty  re- 
ception which 
had  been  given 
them.  That  the 
affair  was  en- 
tirely impromp- 
tu, made  it  one 
of  the  pleasant- 
est  and  most 
notable  events 
of  the  day,  and 
one  that  will  be 
long  remem- 
bered by  those 
who  were  pres- 
ent. Shortly  after  this  the  battalion 
boarded  the  train  at  Union  station, 
for  the  return  to  Montreal.  During 
the  visit  of  this  organization,  the 
members  were  the  recipients  of  many 
social  attentions,  entirely  aside  from 
those  of  a  public  nature.  The  officers 
were  lavishly  entertained  at  the  Cum- 


MARINES  FROM  MONITOR  MONTAUK. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


69 


berland  Club,  at  the  home  of  Mayor 
Randall,  and  at  many  small  gather- 
ings in  private  residences.  Portland 
opened  its  heart  to  them  and  left 
nothing  to  be  desired  in  the  way  of 
hearty  and  appreciative  goodfellow- 
ship.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that 
lasting  good  will  accrue  to  both  coun- 
tries from  this  visit.  Certain  it  is 
that  Montreal  and  Portland  now 
clasp  hands 
across  the 
ruins  of  the 
barrier  of 
hatred  and 
indifference, 
and  who  can 
tell  what  a 
large  loaf  a 
little  leaven 
of  this  sort 
leaveneth. 


John  B. 
Keating. 


The  Brit- 
ish vice-con- 
sul, who 
looks  after 
the  interests 
of  British 
com  merce, 
etc.,  for  the 
ports  of  en- 
try in  the 
State  of 
Maine,  has 
made  his 
headq  uar- 
ters  in  Port- 
land since 
1895,  and  it  is  the  general  opinion 
that  he  enjoys  the  distinction  of  be- 
ing the  only  representative  of  any 
foreign  government  to  take  up  his 
residence  here,  to  attend  to  his  offi- 
cial duties.  Mr.  Keating  was  born 
in  Woolwich,  England,  his  father,  at 
the  time  of  his  birth  being  an  officer 
in  the  royal  artillery.  As  a  child 
he  resided,  for  five  years,  in  Mauri- 
tius, afterwards  going  to  the  Cape  of 


JOHN    B. 
BRITISH    VICE-CO 


Good  Hope,  St.  Helena  and  Gosport. 
He  finished  his  schooling  in  Guern- 
sey. His  English  home  is  at 
Brighton  in  Sussex.  Mr.  Keating's 
early  training  in  the  army  led  him 
to  join  the  royal  engineers,  and  while 
in  that  corps,  he  served  in  Canada, 
Gibraltar  and  Bermuda.  In  1886,  he 
left  the  army,  on  account  of  impaired 
health,    and    entering    the    consular 

service  a  s 
clerk  at 
Boston,  he 
served  i  n 
the  various 
grades,  and 
wasappoint- 
e  d  acting 
vice  -  consul 
for  six 
months,  and 
pro- con  su  1 
for  ,  a  like 
period.  Up- 
on the  death 
of  Mr.  Starr, 
he  was  nom- 
inated t  o 
succeed 
him;  and, 
n  o  t  w  i  t  h  - 
standing  the 
fact  that  the 
a  p  p  o  i  n  t  - 
ment  was 
z  e  a  1  o  u  s  ly 
sought  after 
by  many  lo- 
cal appli- 
cants, and 
without  de- 
t  r  a  c  t  i  n  g 
from  the 
merits  of  these  applicants,  it  is  proper 
to  remark  that  Mr.  Keating  has  suc- 
ceeded in  making  himself  extremely 
popular;  and,  according  to  a  promi- 
nent steamship  agent,  "he has  proved 
himself  to  be  the  right  man  in  the 
right  place."  His  duties  are  varied, 
responsible  and  arduous.  During 
the  past  year,  exports  from  this  port 
to  Great  Britain  have  increased 
nearly      500     per     cent.,     and    now 


KEATING, 

NSUL   FOR    MAINE. 


7o 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Portland  boasts  of  an  all-the-year- 
round  steamship  service.  Mr.  Keat- 
ing, by  his  active,  efficient  and  ac- 
ceptable services  has  added  important 
items  to  Portland's  history.  Through 
his  influence  and  friendship  with  the 
various  officials,  he  secured  the  visit 
to  this  port  of  H.  M.  S.  Pallas,  and 
thus  enabled  Portland  to  honor  Queen 
Victoria,  by  commemorating  and 
joining  in  the  festivities  on  the  occa- 
sion   of  the    jubilee  reign.     On  this 


ful  celebration  in  the  history  of  the 
state,  the  presence  of  the  Royal  Scots 
being  the  immediate  means  of  more 
closely  binding  the  ties  of  friend- 
ship between  the  British  empire  and 
Maine.  Mr.  Keating's  untiring  zeal 
and  care  for  the  minutest  details, 
brought  out  the  spontaneous  verdict 
that  he  did  nothing  but  what  was 
done  well.  His  cordial  co-operation, 
advice  and  assistance  to  the  various 
committees,  ensured  no  detail  being 


STEAM    YACHT   MAITLAND,    OWNED    BY    DR.    C.    W.    BRAY,   COM.    P.    Y.    C.       ENGINED    BY 

H.    R.    STICKNEY. 


point,  Portland  is  distinguished  in 
being  the  only  city  in  the  United 
States  which  so  commemorated,  as  a 
city,  the  festivities.  Again,  in  1898, 
through  his  influence  and  suggestion, 
the  5th  Royal  Scots  of  Montreal,  one 
of  Canada's  crack  regiments,  visited 
Portland,  and  they  also  came  entirely 
as  the  guests  of  the  city  and  their 
presence  and  magnificent  appearance 
greatly  conduced  to  the  enjoyment 
of  an  occasion  considered  with  pride 
as  the  most  remarkable  and  delight- 


overlooked,  and  enabled  the  Royal 
Scots  to  remark  that  their  enter- 
tainment in  Portland  outshone  any- 
thing of  a  like  nature  ever  before 
extended  them.  Mr.  Keating  has 
been  further  successful  in  furnishing 
and  maintaining,  largely  unassisted, 
a  home  for  seamen  of  all  nationali- 
ties. That  the  sailors  in  port  appre- 
ciate his  efforts,  is  clearly  proved  by 
the  large  attendance  at  the  cheerful 
recreation  and  reading-rooms  in  this 
eit\\ 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


7i 


w 


I 


I. 


i-nm 


CHESTNUT  STREET  HETH'iDlST 


rh 


WM\ 


■v 


^.^ 


W 


A   GROUP   OF   PORTLAND   CHURCHES. 


72 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


MAYOR  AND   ALDERMEN,    1899. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


73 


PORTLAND  COMMON    COUNCIL,    1899. 


74 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Geo.  H.  Libby. 


The  city  treasurer,  George  Henry 
Libby,  holds  the  distinction  of  being 
the  oldest  of  city  officials.  He  was 
born  in  Brunswick,  Me.,  Aug.  20, 
1 84 1,  and  is  descended  from  John 
and  Sarah  Libby,  who  settled  in 
Scarboro  in  1630.  When  he  was 
three  years  old,  his  parents  removed 
to  Portland  and  he  obtained  his  edu- 
cation in  the  public  schools.  He 
entered  business  as  a  clerk  in  the 
wholesale  grocery  store  of  T.  &  \V. 
H.  Shaw.  When  the  Civil  war  broke 
out,  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  enlist, 


since  which  time,  with  the  exception 
of  one  year,  he  has  been  the  custo- 
dian of  the  public  funds,  and  collector 
of  taxes.  Mr.  Libby  is  one  of  the 
originators  of  the  Diamond  Island 
Association.  He  is  a  prominent 
member  of  the  grand  lodge  in  the 
Knights  of  Pythias,  and  is  also  a 
member  of  thei.O.O.F.,  and  G.A.R. 


Leroy  S.  Sanborn. 


Leroy  S.  Sanborn,  city  auditor  of 
Portland,  was  born  in  Gorham,  Me., 
April  5,  1850,  his  father  being  Dr. 
John  Sanborn,  a  practicing  physician 


GEO.    H.    LIBBY,   CITY   TREASURER. 

and  became  a  member  of  Co.  A., 
Twelfth  Maine  Vols.  During  the 
siege  of  Port  Hudson,  he  was  severe- 
ly wounded  and  spent  several  months 
in  Baton  Rouge  hospital.  On  com- 
ing out  of  the  hospital,  he  was  dis- 
charged on  account  of  disability,  hav- 
ing lost  his  arm.  He  then  returned 
to  Portland.  He  was  soon  after  made 
clerk  in  the  examining  office  of  the 
provost  marshal,  and  from  Feb.  1, 
1865,  to  the  close  of  the  war,  was  re- 
cruiting officer.  He  has  served  in 
the  city  treasury  department  of  Port- 
land since  May  2.  1865,  and  succeed- 
ed   City    Treasurer    Hersey  in   1890, 


LEROY    S.    SANBORN,    CITY    AUDITOR. 

of  that  place.  After  completing  his 
education  at  Gorham  High  School, 
Mr.  Sanborn,  in  1869,  came  to  Port- 
land and  accepted  a  situation  as  clerk 
in  a  grocery  store.  In  1S70,  he  be- 
gan service  in  the  post-office  as  carrier, 
and  in  1871  was  appointed  clerk,  re- 
maining in  that  position  until  1885. 
In  1S89,  he  reentered  the  service  as 
postal  clerk  and  was  appointed  assist- 
ant clerk  in  the  railway  mail  service 
in  February,  1890.  In  the  following 
August  he  was  appointed  assistant 
postmaster,  and  served  in  that  capa- 
city until  1896.  On  March  n,  1896, 
he  was  elected  city  auditor,    and  is 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


75 


now  serving  his  fourth  term  in  that 
office.  In  polities  Mr.  Sanborn  has 
always  been  a  Republican.  He  has 
several  times  served  as  chief  marshal 
of  campaign  parades,  and  was  chief 
marshal  of  the  notable  parade  on  July 
4,  1898,  in  which  the  Royal  Scots 
participated.  He  is  a  Chapter  Mason, 
and  is  affiliated  with  the  Knights  of 
Pythias,  Odd  Fellows,  and  various 
other  orders. 


Carroll  W.  Morrill. 


The  city  solicitor  of  Greater  Port- 
land, Carroll  W.  Morrill,  was  born  in 


CARROLL  W.    MORRILL,   CITY    SOLICITOR. 

Falmouth,  Me.,  July  13,  1853.  After 
attendance  at  the  common  schools, 
he  fitted  for  college  at  Westbrook 
Seminary.  He  then  entered  Bowdoin 
College,  from  which  he  graduated  in 
1877.  Subsequent  to  leaving  college, 
he  taught  four  years  at  the  Bath  High 
School,  at  the  same  time  reading  law 
in  the  office  of  Hon.  M.  P.  Frank. 
He  was  admitted  to  the  Cumberland 
County  bar  in  1882  and,  opening  an 
office  in  Portland,  has  continued  in 
practice  here  ever  since.  Beside  be- 
ing more  than  ordinarily  successful 
as  a  young  lawyer,  he  has  seen  much 
of  public  life.     He  was  elected  repre- 


sentative to  the  state  legislature  from 
Portland  in  1893,  and  in  March,  1897, 
was  made  city  solicitor,  to  which 
office  he  was  re-elected  in  1898,  and 
again  in  1899.  Mr.  Morrill  has  for 
several  years  been  active  in  politics 
and  is  a  valued  member  of  the  Re- 
publican party.  He  is  a  talented 
public  speaker  and  has  done  some 
efficient  work  on  the  stump.  He  was 
the  first  president,  and  one  of  the 
prime  movers  in  the  organization  of 
the  Lincoln  Club,  which  owes  its  suc- 
cess to  the  substantial  lines  upon 
which  it  was  founded.  Mr.  Morrill 
has  been  secretary  of  the  county  Re- 
publican committee  for  the  past  eight 
years.  His  office  is  in  the  Danforth 
buildinsr. 


Geo.  N.  Fernald. 


The  commissioner  of  public  works 
of  Greater  Portland,  is  a  native  of 
Camden,  Me.,  and  was  born  in  1861. 
He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  Camden  and  Portland,  and,  after 
preparing  for  college,  under  private 
instruction,  entered  the  office  of  E. 
C.  Jordan,  M.  Am.  Soc.  C.  E.,  and 
began  the  study  of  civil  engineering, 
remaining  there  three  years,  two  years 
of  which  he  was  engaged  on  river 
and  harbor  work.  In  the  winter  of 
1879-80,  he  was  engaged  in  the  city 
engineer's  office,  and  was  appointed 
an  assistant  in  188 1,  by  Wm.  A. 
Goodwin,  city  engineer.  He  was 
appointed  first  assistant  in  1892,  and 
was  elected  city  engineer  in  1893, 
and  being  re-elected  in  1894,  re- 
ceived in  addition  the  appointment  of 
chairman  of  the  commission  of 
streets  and  sewers.  In  1S95,  his 
present  office  was  created,  and  he 
was  appointed  commissioner  of  public 
works  by  Mayor  J.  P.  Baxter,  and  in 
189S  was  reappointed  by  Mayor  C. 
H.  Randall.  Since  holding  his  pres- 
ent office,  several  notable  improve- 
ments have  been  carried  out  under 
his  plans  and  superintendence,  among 
them  the  construction  of  Tukeys  and 
Pride's  bridges,  the  north  side  inter- 


76 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


GEORGE    N.    FERNALD, 
COMMISSIONER   OF   PUBLIC   WORKS. 


cepting  sewer  and  the  improvement 
of  Back  Bay.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Boston  Society  of  Civil  Engineers, 
the  American  Society  of  Municipal 
Improvements  and  the  Portland  Club. 
He  has  been  a  valued  resident  of  this 
city  since  1873. 


Geo.  W.  Sylvester. 


The  police  department  of  Greater 
Portland,  the  largest  and  cleverest  in 
the  state,  has  been  headed  by  City 
Marshal  George  W.  Sylvester,  since 
first  appointed  to  the  office  by  Mayor 
Randall  in  1897.  The  creditable 
record  made  by  the  police  of  this  city 
since  that  time  has  been,  in  large 
measure,  due  to  his  fitness  for  the  diffi- 
cult position  he  holds.  He  was  born 
in  Portland,  October  17,  1850.  He 
attended  the  common  schools,  grad- 
uating at  the  Portland  High  School 
in  1869.  After  obtaining  a  practical 
education,  he  began  business  life  as 
clerk  in  the  wholesale  store  of  Elias 
Thomas  &  Co.  His  father,  George 
S.  Sylvester,  being  a  contractor  and 
builder,  made  him  familiar  with  the 


wants  of  the  lumber  trade,  and  he 
soon  found  an  opportunity  with  Rob- 
ert Holyoke  in  that  business,  with 
whom  he  was  associated  for  several 
years,  the  firm  afterwards  becoming 
Holyoke,  Benson  &  Co.  After  learn- 
ing the  business  and  working  him- 
self up  by  native  industry,  he  accepted 
a  more  lucrative  position  with  the 
late  Gilbert  Soule,  with  whom  he  re- 
mained ten  years.  Upon  Mr.  Soule's 
death,  Mr.  Sylvester  became  manager 
of  the  corporation  then  formed,  con- 
tinuing as  such  until  April  1,  1897, 
when  the  concern  withdrew  from 
business.  At  this  time,  he  was  pre- 
vailed upon  by  his  friends  to  accept 
an  appointment  to  his  present  office. 
His  efficient  service  under  Mayor 
Randall,  by  whom  he  was  appointed, 
won  him  the  unsolicited  reappoint- 
ment by  Mayor  Robinson,  and  he  is 
now  serving  his  third  year.  Mr. 
Sylvester  has  served  also  in  the  city 
government,  and  was  a  member  of 
the  common  council  from  ward  five, 
in  1887-88-89.  He  is  a  Republi- 
can in  politics,  and  a  member  of 
the  historic  Willistou  church,  of  this 
city. 


GEO.    W.    SYLVESTER, 
CITY  MARSHAL. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


77 


Daniel  D.  Chenery. 


This  efficient  officer  and  deputy 
marshal  of  the  police  department, 
was  born  in  what  was  formerly  a  part 
of  Westbrook,  in  the  house  where 
he  now  resides.  The  house  has  been 
in  possession  of,  and  occupied  by, 
the  Chenery  family  for  over  a  century. 
His  father,  Joseph  Chenery,  residing 
in  the  house  before  him,  enjoyed  the 
distinction  of  living  in  two  states, 
three  towns  and  several  counties, 
without  moving  away  from  the  prop- 
erty. He  was  educated  in  the  schools 
of  Westbrook  and  Deering,  and  West- 


DANIEL  D.  CHENERY,  DEPUTY  MARSHAL. 

brook  Seminary,  afterwards  studying 
bookkeeping  to  fit  himself  for  busi- 
ness life.  He  engaged  in  the  grocerj^ 
and  provision  business  in  Portland, 
and  commenced  his  extended  public 
career  as  tax  collector  of  Deering  in 
1873.  For  eight  years,  continuously, 
he  afterwards  held  the  dual  office  of 
town  treasurer  and  collector.  He  then 
served  two  years  as  selectman  and 
assessor.  In  1884,  he  was  appointed 
deputy  sheriff,  serving  four  years  un- 
der Sheriff  Benjamin  True.  He  was 
reappointed,  and  continued  four  years 
more  under  Sheriff  Webb,  and  one 
year  under  Sheriff  Cram.     For  seven 


years  he  was  court  deputy,  but  the 
last  year  was  a  civil  officer.  In  the 
fall  of  1892,  he  was  elected  county 
treasurer  to  fill  the  unexpired  term 
of  J.  M.  Webb,  and  at  the  next  reg- 
ular election,  chosen  his  own  succes- 
sor, serving  three  terms  of  two  years 
each.  Retiring  last  January,  he  was, 
after  the  city  election  and  the  annex- 
ation of  Deering,  appointed  to  his 
present  office  by  Mayor  Robinson, 
and  to  which  office  he  is  well  fitted, 
by  both  experience  and  courage.  He 
has  been  for  thirty  years  an  Odd 
Fellow,  and  is  a  member  of  Maine 
Dodge  and  Eastern  Maine  Encamp- 
ment. He  is  also  a  member  of  Rocky 
Hill  Lodge,  Knights  of  Pythias. 


Willard  F.  Frith. 


In  the  possession  of  Willard  F. 
Frith  as  deputy  marshal,  the  police 
department  of  Portland  is  peculiarly 
fortunate.  Like  his  colleague,  Dan- 
iel D.  Chenery,  he  brings  to  the  office 
a  well-earned  reputation  for  courage 
and  efficiency,  his  daring  acts,  while 
formerly  a  member  of  the  Portland 
police  force,  earning  him  fame 
throughout  the  state.  He  was  born 
in  Roxbury,  Mass.,  February  1,  1858, 
and  since  he  was  ten  years  of  age, 
has  resided  in  Portland.  He  was 
engaged  in  the  tinware  and  hardware 
business  up  to  18S1,  when  he  was 
appointed  patrolman.  He  soon 
showed  marked  ability,  and  became 
recognized  as  a  valuable  officer,  and 
remained  on  the  force  fourteen  years. 
It  was  he  who  captured  the  notori- 
ous burglar,  Fred  Irving,  which  oc- 
curred several  years  ago,  but  is  still 
fresh  in  memory.  His  capture  was 
made  at  the  risk  of  the  officer's  life, 
for  the  burglar,  failing  to  dissuade 
Officer  Frith  from  arresting  him  b}* 
pointing  a  revolver  at  him,  finally 
shot  him  in  the  abdomen.  Notwith- 
standing Officer  Frith's  critical  con- 
dition, he  succeeded  in  firing  three 
shots  and  overpowering  the  burglar 
and  placing  him  under  arrest,  the 
officer's  life  being  saved  by  the  thick- 


78 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


WILLARD    F.    FRITH,    DEPUTY    MARSHAL. 

ness  of  his  clothing.  While  a  patrol- 
man of  the  force,  Officer  Frith  was 
never  known  to  show  the  meaning  of 
the  word  fear,  when  under  the  dis- 
charge of  his  duty.  In  1895,  he  was 
appointed  deputy  sheriff  by  Sheriff 
Plummer,  and  served  in  that  capacity 
during  his  administration.  When 
the  appointments  were  made  to  the 
police  department,  after  the  election 
of  Mayor  Robinson,  his  name  as  dep- 
uty marshal  brought  with  it  the  un- 
restrained approval  of  the  people  of 
Portland. 


Longfellow   Gallery. 

Charming  in  appearance  and  artis- 
tic in  ever}- detail  of  its  arrangement 
is  the  Longfellow  Gallery.  Situated 
just  above  the  Public  Library  build- 
ing, on  Congress  street,  nearly  oppo- 
site the  famous  Longfellow  statue, 
it  derives  its  name  from  its  proximity 
to  this  work  of  art.  This  studio,  in 
which  every  description  of  portraiture 
is  executed  in  as  artistic  a  manner 
as  in  the  most  prominent  and  re- 
nowned studios  of  the  larger  cities, 
was  built  and  opened  to  the  public  in 
1889,  by  Shailer  Cushing,  who  has 
conducted  it  continuously    and    suc- 


cessfully ever  since.  During  the 
present  3rear,  it  has  been  entirely  re- 
modeled, a  new  skylight  put  in,  and 
the  interior  rearranged  in  such  a  way 
as  to  make  it  more  attractive  than 
ever.  The  work  of  this  studio,  repro- 
duced in  this  volume,  needs  no  com- 
ment, as  it  speaks  for  itself.  Mr. 
Cushing  and  his  portrait  operator, 
artists  by  temperament  and  training, 
ambitious  to  excel  in  their  profession, 
keep  fully  up  with  the  times  in  every 
branch  of  the  photographic  art,  and 
their  work  possesses  in  full,  those 
points  of  excellence  that  raises  it  far 
above  the  average.  Their  uniformly 
courteous  treatment  of  all  patrons, 
present  and  prospective,  and  a  cheer- 
ful disposition  to  fill  orders  on  short 
notice,  when  requested  to  do  so,  are 
elements  in  the  policy  of  the  manage- 
ment of  this  popular  studio,  that  are 
considered  and  greatly  appreciated 
by  the  public.  Aside  from  the  artis- 
tic and  mechanical  excellence  of  the 
work  emanating  from  this  studio,  its 
location  is  such  that  it  naturally  at- 
tracts a  desirable,  high-class  patron- 
age. The  people  of  Portland,  with 
their  refined  and  cultivated  artistic 
instincts,  know  what  constitutes  good 
photography,  and  the  efforts  of  the 
Longfellow  studio  are  rarely  disap- 
pointing to  the  most  exacting.  Here 
may  be  found  thousands  of  negatives 
of  Portland  citizens,  and  of  scenes 
throughout  the  city  and  state.  Along 
all  lines  where  care  and  artistic 
treatment  are  essential  to  good  re- 
sults, the  name  of  this  studio  has 
come  to  be  synonymous  with  the  best 
that  can  be  procured.  The  operating 
room,  as  might  be  expected,  is  fitted 
with  the  latest  and  best  appliances 
for  obtaining  satisfactory  results,  the 
light  of  the  best,  appropriate  lenses 
for  every  class  of  wrork,  and  back- 
grounds and  scenery  accessories  to 
meet  all  requirements.  The  recep- 
tion room  is  artistically  arranged  and 
the  samples  here  shown  are  undoubt- 
ed evidence  of  the  position  occupied 
by  the  studio  in  the  art  life  of 
Portland. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


79 


McCullum's  Theater. 


The  name  of  Bartley  McCullum, 
manager  of  McCullum's  Theater,  at 
Cape  Elizabeth,  is  considered  a  syn- 
onym for  high  class  summer  theat- 
ricals; and  probably  no  actor  or 
manager  in  this  city,  has  achieved 
greater  success  than  has  this  con- 
scientious actor.  A  local  pride  is 
felt  in  his  accomplishments,  for  he  is  a 
home  prod- 
uct. Born 
in  Portland, 
M  arch  2, 
1857,  h  i  s 
edu  cation 
was  ob- 
tained in  the 
local  public 
schools.  As 
a  child,  he 
was  consid- 
ered a  verit- 
able prodigy 
on  declama- 
tion; and 
soon  his  tal- 
ents were  in 
demand  at 
socia  bl  es, 
concertsand 
amateur  en- 
t  e  r  t  a  i  n- 
ments.  His 
first  appear- 
ance on  the 
stage  was 
made  at  the 
age  of  three 
years,  in  a 
child's  part 
in  a  produc- 
tion  of   the 

Black  Crook  in  old  Deering  Hall. 
After  that  when  a  child  was  wanted 
by  stock  companies  visiting  the  city, 
Bartie  McCullum  was  always  en- 
gaged. Ashe  grew  older,  he  became 
identified  with  several  amateur  the- 
atrical societies,  that  then  obtained 
in  the  city,  and  recognized  as  one  of 
the  best  amateurs  in  the  state.  Dur- 
ing these  years  he  was  also  noted  as 


BARTLEY    MCCULLUM. 


an  athlete,  and  for  several  years  was 
the  champion  amateur  oarsman  of 
Maine.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Montgomery  Guards,  and  now  has 
several  valuable  medals  won  at  com- 
petitive drills.  At  sixteen  he  started 
to  learn  the  iron  molder's  trade,  at 
the  works  of  the  Portland  Company; 
but  his  desire  for  a  theatrical  career 
operated  as  a  handicap,  and  he  never 
grew  enthusiastic  enough  in  his  work 

to  make 
very  rapid 
advance- 
ment at 
that  trade. 
While  em- 
ployed there 
his  oppor- 
tunity came 
through  the 
medium  of 
an  amateur 
perform- 
ance of 
Conn,  The 
S  h  a  u  g  h  - 
raun,  pre- 
sented b  y 
the  Grattan 
Association, 
with  Bartley 
McCu 1 1 u  m 
in  the  part 
of  "Conn". 
The  produc- 
tion was  a 
complete 
success,  and 
the  young 
amateur  re- 
ceived the 
h  i  g  h  e  s  t 
praise  for 
his  individual  performance.  In  the 
audience  that  night  was  George  W. 
Beals,  at  that  time  the  manager  of 
the  Portland  Company.  When  young 
McCullum  presented  himself  at  the 
works  the  morning  after  the  perform- 
ance, Mr.  Beals  called  him  aside  and 
advised  him  to  take  up  the  stage. 
Within  a  week,  Bartley  McCullum 
was    in    Chicago,     and    three    days 


8o 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


INTERIOR,    McCULLUM'S  THEATER,   CAPE    ELIZABETH. 


afterwards  played  his  first  part  with 
a  professional  company  in  Dubuque, 
Iowa,  assuming  the  leading  comedy 
role  in  an  Irish  drama,  called  Kath- 
leen. After  a  rather  eventful  year  or 
two  in  the  West,  he  was  engaged  by 
the  management  of  the  Boston  Thea- 
ter Company  to  play  the  part  of  Sol- 
omon Isaacs,  in  Lord  Tatters.  His 
first  appearance  as  a  professional  in 
this  city  was  made  with  this  com- 
pany. In  1881,  he  went  to  England, 
where  he  achieved  further  success  in 
a  Yankee  dialect  character,  and  on 
his  return  was  engaged  by  J.  H.  Wal- 
lick,  for  the  comedy  role  in  The 
Cattle  King.  Following  this  he 
was  engaged  with  Mrs.  Eangtry's 
company,  and  then  came  engage- 
ments with  Robert  Downing,  Lotta, 
Agnes  Herndon,  The  Fast  Mail, 
Frederic  Bryton,  and  Neil  Burgess, 
with  whom  he  went  again  to  England 
in  1886.  He  has  been  engaged  as 
stage  director  and  manager,  where 
he  rehearsed  and  staged  successfully 
twenty-one  new  plays,  in  many  of  the 


leading  theaters  in  this  country  and 
Canada.  In  this  city,  Mr.  McCul- 
lum  has  surmounted  many  obstacles 
and  achieved  flattering  results.  On 
July  25,  18S7,  he  commenced  his 
career  here  as  a  manager,  with  no 
other  capital  than  a  genial  and  char- 
itable disposition,  and  indomitable 
will.  He  was  the  pioneer  of  summer 
stock  companies  in  this  country, 
starting  at  Peaks  Island  twelve  years 
ago.  From  this  small  beginning  have 
grown  the  numerous  summer  theaters 
in  this  city.  He  now  possesses  a 
beautiful  theater,  equipped  with  all 
modern  improvements  and  luxurious 
appointments,  where  he  is  presenting 
a  series  of  entertainments,  excelling 
in  scenic  grandeur  and  artistic  merit. 
Mr.  McCullum  has  rehearsed  and 
presented  in  this  city  more  than  125 
different  plays.  Every  person  ever 
connected  with  him  speaks  in  the 
most  enthusiastic  terms  of  his  sterling 
qualities.  Everything  he  undertakes 
receives  his  personal  attention  and 
most  conscientious  effort. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Jefferson  Theater. 


Due  to  Portland  local  pride  is  the 
existence  of  the  new  Jefferson  Thea- 
ter. This  magnificent  play-house 
was  built  some  two  years  ago,  at  the 
cost  of  over  $200,000,  and  easily 
holds  its  own  with  the  best  theater 
buildings  in  the  country.  Previous 
to  the  raising  of  the  funds  for  this 
structure,   the  subject  had  been  agi- 


the  house.  The  theatre  is  excep- 
tionally cool  in  warm  weather; 
and  is  named  for  the  veteran 
actor,  Joseph  Jefferson,  who  was 
present  and  made  an  address  on 
the  opening  night  The  counter- 
weight system  is  used  on  the  stage, 
and  the  scenic  effects  produced  by  the 
different  switchboards,  are  admired 
and  commented  upon  by  the  theatri- 
cal   companies    playing    here.      The 


INTERIOR  JEFFERSON   THEATER. 


tated  for  several  years.  The  house 
has  a  ground  floor  entrance,  and  the 
entire  building  is  devoted  exclusive- 
ly to  the  theater.  The  building, 
unique  in  architecture  and  colossal 
in  dimensions,  is  seen  at  best  advan- 
tage inside  when  illuminated.  The 
building  is  of  brownstone  and  iron, 
and  is  constructed  upon  the  most 
impenetrable  fire-proof  plans.  Heat- 
ed by  hot  air  in  the  cold  weather,  the 
indirect  radiating  system  is  in  use  in 


stage  is  sufficiently  large  to  put  on 
the  greatest  productions  on  the  Amer- 
ican stage,  and  the  house  seats  1,650. 
There  are  twelve  private  dressing- 
rooms  for  the  artists,  in  an  annex r 
fitted  with  every  convenience  and 
modern  improvement.  The  theater 
is  owned  by  a  corporation,  the  stock- 
holders of  which  are  well  known 
business  men  of  .Portland.  The  in- 
terior of  the  house  is  a  marvel  of 
richness    and     simple     elegance    in 


82 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


decoration.  The  drop  curtain  is  a 
specimen  of  high  art,  which,  when 
the  house  is  empty,  is  covered  by 
another  curtain  of  asbestos.  There 
are  eight  boxes  furnished  with  that 
luxurious  elegance  which  befits  a 
magnificent  theater  of  modern  times. 
Since  the  theater  was  first  built,  it 
has  been  leased  by  Fay  Brothers  & 
Hosford.  The  new  theater  has  at- 
tracted many  of  the  leading  stars, 
who  were  never  before  seen  in  Port- 
land, and  the  adequate  size  of  the 
stage  has  made  it  possible  for  many 


comfort  of  both  the  visiting  companies 
and  the  large  audiences  that  have  so 
far  favored  it  with  their  patron- 
age. The  manager  is  highly  pop- 
ular with  the  patrons  of  the  Jeffer- 
son, and  looks  well  after  the  interests 
of  the  lessees  and  patrons  alike. 
The  present  local  manager  of  the 
Jefferson,  James  E.  Moore,  who  has 
but  recently  taken  charge  of  Fay 
Bros.  &  Hosford's  interests  here, 
came  to  his  new  duties  thoroughly 
equipped  with  the  ability  and  expe- 
rience    which     make    a     successful 


JEFFERSON    THEATER. 


attractions  to  be  staged  on  the  Jeffer- 
son, which  before  could  not  play  in 
this  city.  The  booking  of  attractions 
is  done  at  New  York  and  Lowell. 
That  Portland  is  fortunate  in  the 
possession  of  this  handsome  and  well 
conducted  theater,  is  acknowledged 
on  all  sides,  while  the  members  of 
the  large  number  of  companies  play- 
ing here  are  also  fortunate,  as  they 
are  well  received  and  cared  for. 
Built  upon  honor,  the  house  is  of  the 
up-to-date  metropolitan  pattern,  as 
it  is  constructed  with  a  regard  for  the 


theatrical  manager.  For  four  years 
Mr.  Moore  was  associated  with  Frank 
Sanger  at  the  Metropolitan  Opera 
House  and  Madison  Square  Garden, 
New  York,  with  whom  he  wras  busi- 
ness manager  for  the  productions  of 
"Mr.  Barnes  of  New  York,"  and 
"Mr.  Potter  of  Texas,"  and  "  My 
Official  Wife."  He  has  also  man- 
aged Frank  Daniels  a  season,  and 
was  business  manager  of  the  Tremont 
Theater,  Boston,  a  summer.  He  has 
managed  the  Columbia  Theater,  New 
York,  and  has  been  manager  at  Hoyt's 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


33 


Theater,  of  the  high  class  production, 
' '  A  Florida  Enchantment. ' '  He  has 
also  been  manager  of  several  other 
theaters  and  productions  at  the 
Broadwa}'  Theater  and  Metropolitan 
Opera  House,  New  York  city,  and 
other  theaters.  His  selection  as 
local  manager  of  the  Jefferson  gives 
much  promise  for  the  successful  fu- 
ture of  this  theater  in  Portland,  the 
pride  of  the  State  of  Maine. 


The  Gem,  Peaks  Island's   Summer 
Theater. 


The  Gem,  Peaks 
ful  summer  theater 
than    mere    passing 


Island's  beauti- 

deserves   more 

notice.     Recon- 


structed from  the  old  skating  rink, 
under  the 
supervision 
of  Colonel 
Wood,  the 
architect  of 
the  Jeffer- 
son, it  is  one 
of  the  cosi-  I 
est  and  most 
attract  ive 
summer  the- 
aters in  °: 
New  Eng- 
land. An 
a  r  c  ,a  d  e 
twenty  feet 
wide  admits  to  the  entrance,  on  each 
side  of  which  are  refreshment  rooms. 
This  entrance  is  particularly  notice- 
able, from  its  semicircular  arrange- 
ment of  pillars,  and  gives  a  tantaliz- 
ing hint  of  what  is  to  follow.  From 
the  spacious  lobby,  stairs  lead  to  the 
upper  balcony.  The  foyer  is  of  reg- 
ulation size,  and  the  balcony  is  large 
and  well  supported  by  sixteen  iron 
pillars.  The  auditorium  will  seat 
1,500  people,  and  there  are  five 
boxes  on  each  side.  The  stage 
has  an  opening  thirty-six  feet  wide, 
is  fifty  feet  deep  and  eighty  feet  wide, 
and  has  every  modern  convenience 
in  the  way  of  ample  dressing-rooms 
and  facilities  for  handling  scenery. 
The    ventilation    of    the    building   is 


Jgq&@& 


STEAMER   PILGRIM,   CASCO   BAY   STEAMBOAT  CO. 


as  near  perfect  as  could  be  con- 
ceived, and  all  arrangements  for  the 
comfort  and  convenience  of  patrons, 
are  perfect  in  every  detail.  The 
peculiar  construction  of  the  building, 
instead  of  handicapping,  seemed  to 
act  as  an  inspiration  to  the  archi- 
tect, and  the  impression  one  gets 
upon  entering  the  theater,  is  a  par- 
ticularly pleasing  one.  The  schemes 
of  decoration  and  lighting  could 
hardly  be  improved,  and  visitors  are 
always  earnest  in  their  commenda- 
tion of  the  enterprise  that  made  such 
an  attractive  place  of  amusement 
possible.  The  Gem  was  formally 
opened  to  the  public  on  the  evening 
of  June  6,  1898,  and  at  once  took  its 
place  in    the    public    regard    as    one 

of  the  dain- 
ty a  1 1  r  ac- 
t  i  o  n s  of 
Portia  nd 
and  C  asco 
Bay.  The 
Gem  is 
o  w  n  ed  bv 
C.  W.  T. 
G  o  d  i  n  g, 
general 
manager  of 
the  Casco 
Bay  Steam- 
boat Com- 
pany, and 
to  this  gentleman  belongs  the  credit 
for  the  conception  and  carrying  out 
of  this  important  bit  of  managerial 
enterprise. 


Casco  Bay  Steamboat  Company. 


The  excellent  service  provided  by 
this  steamboat  company,  the  pioneer 
line  plying  through  the  beautiful 
and  attractive  Casco  Bay,  has  been 
a  prominent  factor  in  drawing  sum- 
mer visitors  to  Portland,  and  devel- 
oping residence  property  on  the  365 
islands.  The  exceedingly  low  rates 
of  fare  on  these  stanch  and  admira- 
ble steamers,  make  it  possible  for 
travelers  and  those  in  search  of  a 
day's  respite  from  the  summer  heat, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


GEM   THEATER,    PEAKS   ISLAND. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


85 


C.   W.   T.   GODING. 

to  take  au  outing,  unexcelled,  for 
the  money,  on  the  Atlantic  coast. 
This  steamboat  line  makes  the  isl- 
ands accessible  to  those  who  have 
cottages  down  the  bay,  the  boats  of 
the  company  running  every  half- 
hour,  from  early  morning  to  late  in 
the  evening.  The  steamboats  on 
this  line  are  the  Pilgrim,  Forest 
City,  Emita  and  Eldorado,  and 
leave  Custom  House  wharf  daily, 
the  year  round,  the  bulk  of  business 
being  done  during  the  summer 
months,  although  there  is  much 
travel,  and  freight  is  carried  between 


Portland  and  Peaks  Island  in  winter, 
that  island  fast  becoming  an  important 
permanent  residence  place.  The 
steamers  of  this  company  are  kept  in 
the  best  of  condition,  and  beside  being 
overhauled  and  repainted  every  year, 
were  built  for  the  greatest  comfort 
and  convenience  of  passengers.  The 
boats  of  the  line  carried  last  j^ear 
450,000  passengers.  The  company 
was  organized  in  1887,  and  was  the 
outgrowth  of  the  Forest  City  and  Star 
Eine.  The  management  is  thoroughly 
progressive,  and  has  ever  shown  a  dis- 
position to  give  the  public  the  best 
possible  service  for  the  least  possible 
money.  The  popularity  of  the  line 
and  the  unusual  attractions  along  its 
route,  increases  the  traffic  yearly,  and 
to  a  most  noticeable  extent.  The  treas- 
urer and  general  manager,  is  C.  W.  T. 
Godiug,  whose  connection  with  steam- 
boats has  promoted  the  inducements 
offered  to  summer  visitors  to  Portland 
and  Casco  Bay,  in  marked  degree. 


Portland,  Mt.   Desert  &  Machias 
Steamboat  Co, 


The  visitor  wrho  would  see  much 
of  the  coast  of  Maine,  should  take  a 
trip  on  the  steamer  Frank  Jones,  of 
the  Portland,  Mt.  Desert  &  Machias 
Steamboat  Company.  The  first  land- 
ing after  leaving  Portland,  is  Rock- 
land.     From  Rockland,  the  steamer 


STEAMER   FRANK  JONES,    PORTLAND,    MT.    DESERT  4   MACHIAS   STEAMBOAT  CO. 


86 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


goes  to  Islesboro  and  thence  across 
the  bay  to  Castine,  one  of  the  oldest 
towns  in  New  England.  From  Cas- 
tine the  course  lies  along  the  shore 
of  Brooksville,  around  Cape  Rozier 
to  Deer  Isle,  thence  across  Eggemog- 
gin  Reach,  to  Sedgwick.  The  first 
stop  after  Sedgwick  is  at  Brooklin, 
and  thence  the  course  is  laid  for 
South  West  Harbor,  on  Mt.  Desert. 
Leaving  South  West  Harbor,  the 
steamer  next  touches  at  North  East 
Harbor  and  a  little  later,  Bar  Harbor 


and  dignity,  others,  like  Bar  Harbor, 
appealing  to  the  wealthy  and  fash- 
ionable. Everywhere  on  the  coast, 
but  more  particularly  from  Cape  Roz- 
ier to  Jonesport,  the  duck  shooting  is 
the  best  to  be  found  on  the  New  Eng- 
land coast.  The  beauties  of  Mt.  De- 
sert have  been  often  dilated  upon,  but 
they  must  be  seen  to  be  appreciated. 
There  is  here  a  combination  of  moun- 
tain and  shore  that  is  the  source  of  nev- 
er-ending wonder.  It  seems  hardly 
necessary  to  mention  the  fact  that  the 


STEAMER   ST.    CROIX,    INTERNATIONAL   STEAMSHIP  CO. 


is  reached.  After  leaving  Bar  Har- 
bor, an  easterly  course  is  taken  across 
Frenchman's  Bay,  past  Petit  Manan 
and  up  Narragaugus  Bay  to  Mil- 
bridge,  thence  through  Mooseabec 
Reach  to  Jonesport,  on  through  the 
reach  into  Machias  Bay,  passing 
Roque  Island  on  the  left  and  Cross 
Island  on  the  right,  and  so  on  up  the 
bay  to  Machiasport,  the  end  of  the 
route.  All  along  this  route  are  re- 
sorts for  those  who  are  in  search  of 
rest  or  recreation,  some,  like  Castine, 
inviting  by  their  air  of  quiet  repose 


service  on  board  the  Frank  Jones  is  at 
all  times  of  the  best,  or  that  the  officers 
and  crew  are  thoroughly  competent 
and  reliable.  The  officers  of  this  pop- 
ular steamboat  line  are :  George  F. 
Evans,  general  manager,  and  Col. 
F.  E.  Boothby,  G.  P.  &  T.  A. 


International  Steamship  Company. 

This  long  established  steamship 
line,  owned  largely  by  Portland  cap- 
ital, and  having  its  general  offices  on 
Railroad     wharf,     at    foot    of    State 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


37 


street,  runs  fast  and  staunch  steamers 
of  modern  pattern,  between  Boston 
and  Portland,  Eastport,  Lubee,  Me., 
and  St.  John,  N.  B.,  and  is  an  im- 
portant factor  in  the  commercial 
importance  of  Portland.  The  steam- 
ers of  the  line  are  the  St.  Croix,  (pro- 
peller) 265  feet  long,  State  of  Maine, 
241  feet  long,  and  the  Cumberland, 
241  feet  long.  All  are  of  modern 
construction  and  are  fitted  with  large, 
airy  and  well  furnished  staterooms. 
The  excellent  table  service  on  these 
boats  has  ever  been  a  source  of  grat- 
ification to  its  many  patrons.  The 
line  furnishes  strictly  first-class  ac- 
commodations, and  the  trip  over 
either  part  or  the  whole  route,  is  re- 
plete with   attractive  scenery.     Both 


about  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon. 
During  the  summer  months,  the  steam- 
er St.  Croix  runs  direct  from  Boston  to 
St.  John.  The  officers  of  the  com- 
pany are  J.  S.  Winslow,  president; 
Charles  F.  Libby,  vice-president  and 
general  manager;  J.  F.  Liscomb,  su- 
perintendent, and  W.  E.  Holden, 
treasurer,  Portland,  and  E.  A.  Wal- 
dron,  general  freight  and  passenger 
agent,  Boston. 


Harpswell    Steamboat  Company. 

The  trip  over  the  Harpswell  line, 
from  the  beauteous  scenery  continu- 
ing throughout  the  route,  is  one  most 
frequented  by  summer  visitors  to 
Portland,   and  is  well  known  as  the 


m *    . .  ■  ■  -  P        ^l-EanHL 


AMONG   THE    ISLANDS,    HARPSWELL   LINE. 


passengers  and  freight  are  carried, 
steamers  leave  this  city,  during  the 
summer  season,  Monday,  Wednesday 
and  Friday,  at  5.30  P.  M.,  for  East- 
port,  Lubec  and  Calais,  Me.,  and  St. 
John,  N.  B.,  and  by  this  line  tickets 
are  issued  through  to  Halifax  and  all 
partsof  Nova  Scotia,  New  Brunswick, 
Prince  Edward  Island  and  Cape 
Breton.  This  company  also  provides 
the  only  clay  line  between  Portland 
and  Boston.  The  steamers  leave 
Commercial  wharf,  Boston,  for  Port- 
land, Mondays,  Wednesdays  and  Fri- 
days, at  8.15  A.  M.,  arriving  at 
Portland  at  4  in  the  afternoon.  Re- 
turning, they  leave  Railroad  wharf, 
Portland,  at  7  A.M.,  Tuesday,  Thurs- 
day and  Saturday,  arriving  at  Boston 


365  island  route.  The  steamers  of 
this  company  make  regular  trips  be- 
tween this  city  and  South  Harpswell, 
touching  at  the  following  islands,  and 
making  twelve  landings  in  all:  Long 
Island,  Little  Chebeague,  Great  Che- 
beague,  Hope  islands,  Harpswell, 
Bailey's  and  Orr's  islands.  One  of 
the  first  steamers  put  on  this  route  was 
the  Gordon,  a  small  craft  of  40  tons 
gross,  which  boat  has  long  since  been 
dispensed  with,  and  replaced  by  others 
of  most  modern  pattern,  and  equip- 
ment. The  old  Gordon  opened  up  a 
most  popular  route  of  travel,  the  bus- 
iness of  which  has  been  steadily  and 
rapidly  increasing  yearly.  A  much 
larger  steamer,  the  Merryconeag,  was 
next    constructed    for   the    company, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


and  put  in  service  ten  years  ago. 
This  soon  led  to  the  building  of  an- 
other steamer,  the  Chebeague,  which 
boat  soon  proved  too  small  for  the 
growing  business  of  the  company, 
and  was  sold  to  the  City  of  Portland 
and  converted  into  a  fire  boat.  It 
has  since  provided  excellent  protec- 
tion to  the  entire  harbor  front.  Three 
years  ago,  the  steamer  Sebascodegan, 
185  tons  gross,  was  built,  and  one 
year  later,  the  Aucocisco,  187  tons 
gross,  was  built.  These  seaworthy 
and  comfortable  steamers,  both  queens 
of   the   harbor,    comprise    the    boats 


agement  of  this  line  have  built  up  the 
business  of  the  company  by  showing 
a  disposition  to  provide  the  best  pos- 
sible steamboat  service  at  the  lowest 
rate  of  fare,  over  a  most  charming 
route.  The  officers  of  the  company 
are  George  F.  West,  president,  and 
Isaiah  Daniels,  general  manager  and 
treasurer,  and  both  of  whom  are 
well  known  influential  residents  of 
Portland. 


Portland    &    Yarmouth   Electric   Ry. 


This  electric  line,  connecting  Port- 


ON    LINE    PORTLAND   &   YARMOUTH    ELECTRIC    RY. 


operated  by  this  line.  The  route  is 
22  miles  in  length,  and  although  most 
frequent  trips  are  made  during  the 
entire  summer  season,  the  company 
provide  an  all-the-year-round  service 
through  Casco  Bay  and  the  365  isl- 
ands. Many  consider  the  sail  on 
these  steamers  the  most  delightful  on 
the  Atlantic  seacoast.  They  leave 
Portland  pier  and  are  reached  by 
electrics  from  all  parts  of  the  city. 
They  have  a  licensed  capacity  for 
carrying  550  passengers,  and  over 
100,000  enjoyed  the  delightful  sail 
over  the  route  last  year.     The  man- 


land  with  Yarmouth,  is  one  of  the 
more  recent  public  developments 
by  which  Portland's  citizens  and 
visitors  are  much  benefited  and  en- 
tertained. The  road  is  a  new  enter- 
prise, and  because  of  the  scenery 
afforded  along  its  line,  the  cars  of  the 
company  are  well  patronized.  It  is 
entirely  controlled  by  Portland  stock- 
holders and  officers,  who  have  found 
it  necessary  in  response  to  the  public 
demand  this  season,  to  make  many 
additions  to  its  service  and  equip- 
ment. The  road-bed  is  substantially 
constructed,   and  the  track  having  a 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


89 


total  extent  of  more  than  thirteen 
miles  and  being  laid  entirely  with 
sixty-foot  rails,  is  practically  joint- 
less.  The  cars  are  of  the  most  mod- 
ern pattern,  and  the  trip  from 
Portland  to  Yarmouth  is  made  in  an 
hour  and  a  quarter.  Starting  from 
Monument  square,  Portland,  the  cars 
pass  through  Elm,  Oxford  and  Wash- 
ington streets  to  the  new  and  spacious 
Tukey's  bridge,  and  on  a  sultry 
summer's  day  one  gets  the  first  re- 
spite from  the  oppressive  heat  of  the 
city,  on  reaching  this  point.  Cross- 
ing this  bridge,  over  Back  Bay  the 


trees.  The  whole  place  is  natural 
and  rustic,  and  exceedingly  attrac- 
tive. Waite's,  Madockawando  and 
Town  landings,  names  which  sug- 
gest the  proximity  of  the  shore,  are 
passed  in  order,  and  the  car  leaves 
the  long  white  village  of  New  Casco 
for  the  open  country.  The  next  ob- 
ject of  interest  is  the  far  famed 
Underwood  Spring.  The  cars  leave 
the  highway  and  enter  a  section  of 
the  park,  which  is  controlled  by  the 
road,  and  on  which  is  located  this 
incomparable  spring  ;  park  and 
spring  are  nature's  masterpieces;   no 


ON    LINE   PORTLAND  4  YARMOUTH    ELECTRIC   RY. 


cars  enter  and  pass  through  the  main 
thoroughfares  of  East  Deering,  past 
the  United  States  Marine  hospital  to 
Martin's  Point  bridge,  which  spans 
the  Presumpscot  River  at  its  entrance 
to  the  bay.  A  quarter  of  a  mile  run 
over  the  river  and  bay,  and  the  cars 
speed  along  the  Falmouth  shore  to 
The  Pines,  a  mile  beyond.  The 
road  has  here  established  a  public 
pleasure  ground,  comprising  a  tract 
of  forty  acres.  A  beautiful  pine 
grove  covers  nearly  the  whole  area, 
and  has  carpeted  it  with  the  clean 
needles    that    have    fallen   from    the 


place  is  more  picturesque,  no  spring 
so  bountiful  and  pure.  A  casino, 
shelters,  seats  and  other  artificial 
attractions,  provide  for  the  comfort  of 
visitors.  The  town  of  Cumberland 
lies  just  beyond  Underwood  Spring, 
and  it  is  completely  traversed  by  this 
road.  The  most  superb  views  of  the 
sea  and  shore  and  mountains  are 
constantly  presented  on  the  line,  as  it 
winds  and  climbs  around  the  ledges 
and  over  the  hills  in  Cumberland. 
Yarmouth  is  approached  by  way  of 
Prince's  Point  road  and  the  lower 
village,  where  Royal's  River  tumbles 


9o 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


over  the  dam  into  an  arm  of  the  bay. 
The  road  runs  through  the  main 
street  of  Yarmouth,  to  its  terminus 
at  Yar mouth ville.  The  trip  over 
this  line  is  a  most  delightful  one  and 
the  scenery  comprises  a  restful  com- 
bination of  seashore,  field  and  forest, 
the  line  of  the  road  following  the 
shore  the  entire  distance,  passing 
through  many  beautiful  places  and 
picturesque  villages.  The  building 
and  operation  of  this  road  is  a  source 
of  much  convenience  and  pleasure 
t  o  travelers 
between  Port- 
land and  Yar- 
mouth, and 
beside  notice- 
ably increas- 
ing the  value 
o  f  property 
all  along  its 
line,  has  ad- 
ded materi- 
ally to  the 
impor  tance 
of  the  pros- 
perous town 
of  Yarmouth, 
noted  for  its 
ship  building 
and  native  in- 
dustry. The 
summer  visi- 
tor who  would 
take  anyof  the 
popular  trol- 
ley rides  in 
and  about 
Portland, 
should  by  no 

means  fail  to  make  this  trip  to  Under- 
wood Spring  and  Yarmouth.  In  the 
summer  season,  cars  for  Yarmouth 
leave  at  a  quarter  of  and  a  quarter 
past  the  hour,  from  6.45  A.  M.  to 
10.45  P.  M.,  leaving  Yarmouth  from 
5.30  A.  M.  half-hourly  to  9.30  P.  M. 
Cars  are  also  run  to  Underwood 
Spring  every  fifteen  minutes  during 
the  season.  The  company's  office, 
waiting  and  parcel  room  is  440  Con- 
gress street,  where  announcement  is 
made  by  conductors  of  the  departure 


of  cars,  and  of  their  destination. 
The  officers  of  the  company  are: 
President,  Seth  L.  Larrabee;  treas- 
urer, Henry  P.  Cox;  general  man- 
ager, Louis  B.  Wheildon.  The 
directors  include  these  officers  and 
Edward  B.  Winslow,  William  H. 
Milliken,  Hutson  B.  Saunders  and 
Frederick  C.  Boyd. 


Portland  Water  Company. 
From 


its  fortunate  location, 
land 


MARINE    RAILWAY, 


Port- 
has 
many  natural 
advantages, 
and  a  most 
important 
benefit  is  its 
present  sup- 
ply of  water 
furnished  by 
the  Portland 
Water  Corn- 
pan}-.  This 
company  wras 
incorporated 
February  23, 
1866,  with 
authority  to 
take  water 
from  I/Ong 
Creek;  in  the 
town  of  Cape 
Eliz  abeth. 
The  charter 
was  amended 
the  next  year 
authorizing 
the  company 
to  take  its 
supply  from  Lake  Sebago.  That  this 
change  in  the  source  of  supply  was 
of  great  advantage  to  the  City  of 
Portland,  adding  materially  to  its 
health  and  prosperity  by  insuring 
an  abundant  supply  of  pure  water, 
can  be  appreciated  only  by  compari- 
son with  the  supply  in  other  cities  of 
New  England.  It  was  a  great  under- 
taking for  a  private  corporation  to 
bring  its  supply  of  water  from  such  a 
distance,  Sebago  Lake  being  seven- 
teen miles  awav.     The  water  of  the 


PORTLAND   SHIPBUILDING   COMPANY, 
SOUTH    PORTLAND. 

Capacity,    1,300  tons. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


91 


92 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


lake  is  now  received  into  a  gate- 
house, through  a  forty- inch  iron  pipe 
that  extends  into  deep  water,  a  dis- 
tance of  four  hundred  and  fifty  feet 
from  the  shore.  The  end  of  the  pipe 
is  covered  with  sixteen  feet  of  water 
when  the  lake  is  at  its  lowest  stage. 
From  this  gate-house  the  water  flows 
through  a  conduit,  four  and  a  half 
feet  in  diameter,  and  5,740  feet  in 
length,  to  a  second  gate-house.  Of 
this  conduit,  740  feet  is  tunneled 
through  solid  rock,  and  for  the  whole 
distance  it  is  from  ten  to  twenty- 
eight  feet  below  the  surface  of  the 
ground.  From  the  lower  gate-house, 
at  the  end  of  the  conduit,  the  water 
flows  through  two  independent  main 
pipes  to  the  City  of  Portland.  The 
larger  main,  which  is  twenty-six 
and  twenty-four  inches  in  diameter, 
supplies  the  high  levels  with  pressure 
direct  from  the  lake,  which  is  267 
feet  above  mean  tide  in  Portland. 
The  smaller  main,  twenty  inches  in 
diameter,  supplies  the  low  service. 
In  connection  with  the  low  service, 
the  two  reservoirs  are  used.  These 
hold  in  combined  volume  30,000,000 
gallons.  The  two  mains  furnish 
9,000,000  gallons  of  water  a  day,  a 
sufficient  amount  to  supply  ail  of 
150,000  people  with  sixty  gallons 
each,  per  day.  The  officers  of  the 
company  are:  D.  W.  Clark,  presi- 
dent; J.  S.  Ricker,  vice-president; 
Geo.  P.  Wescott,  treasurer  and  su- 
perintendent, and  Edgar  R.  Payson, 
secretary.  A  summary  of  pipe  and 
hydrants  in  Portland  is  as  follows, 
viz: 

Main  Pipe. 

48  inch   inlet  pipe 450  feet 

Conduit,  (4  1-2  x  4  1-4  feet) 5.470" 

20  inch  main  pipe 84,120  " 

26  inch   main  pipe 18,330  " 

24  inch  main  pipe 60,220  " 

168,590  " 
or  3256.,38"„  miles 
Distribution  Pipe. 
In  Portland  : 

20  inch 7S0  feet 

16  ;;  13.342 " 

12  ,,  37.929 " 

*°  ,  3.841 " 

1       17,481 " 

6  „  77.384 " 

4   30,059 " 

3   3,608 " 

2   77.471  \\ 

261,865 " 

or  49sis5  miles 


In  Deering: 

24  inch 50  feet 

20      |;      160  " 

'-'      .','      17.743  " 

s             18,191  " 

6      \'      81,467  " 

4      \\      1,352  " 

51.387  " 

170,350  " 
or  3213"];  miles 
total  main  and  distribution  pipe  in 

Portland 11  ^I^  miles 

Number  of  hydrants  in  Portland .      -,70 

Number  of  hydrants  in  Deering 138 

Total    hydrants 517 

Maine  Central  Railroad. 


The    above     railroad,     comprising 
over    1,000    miles    of    steel,     sweeps 
through  Maine  from  the  terminus  at 
Portland    on    the    seacoast,    to    the 
northern  forests,   invades  the  center 
of    the    White    Mountains    of    New 
Hampshire,  and  extends  to  the  head- 
waters of   the    Connecticut  River   in 
Vermont,    its  eastern    and    northern 
terminal    crossing  the  Canadian  bor- 
der.    Via  this   road,  is  the  only  all 
rail   route    to    Bar    Harbor   and   the 
Maritime  Provinces,  and  is  the  ini- 
tial  road    to    the    most    direct    line 
between     the     Maine    seacoast    and 
Montreal,  Quebec,  Niagara  Falls  and 
Chicago,     through     scenery    unsur- 
passed    in    America.       The    Maine 
Central  reaches  the   finest  and  most 
popular  vacation  regions  of  seacoast, 
mountains  and  lakes,   and  the  wilds 
of  the  woods,    where    both  fish    and 
game  are  most  abundant.     Over  the 
rails   of   the    Maine    Central,  parties 
make    the    only    through    daily    trip 
from  Boston  to  the  Rangeley  Lakes, 
the  Connecticut  Lakes,    Dead  River 
region,       Moosehead,      Washington 
County     woods     and,     beyond      the 
Canadian  border  to  the  salmon  waters 
of  the  St.  John,   Metapedia  and  Res- 
tigouche   rivers.       The    travel    over 
this  road,  especially  in  the   summer 
season,  is  enormous,  and  the  heavy 
but  speedy  trains  run  with  commend- 
able frequency.     Union  station,  Port- 
land,    of    which    an    illustration    is 
shown,    since    1888  has  been  placed 
at  the  disposal  of  the  patrons  of  this 
road.     The  station,  one  of  the  hand- 
somest and  most  convenient  to  trav- 
elers in  the  world,  has  a  tower  125 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


93 


94 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


95 


feet  high,  and  is  of  comely  archi- 
tecture. The  building  contains  an 
enormous  train  shed,  large  general 
waiting-room,  Si  by  45  feet  in  di- 
mensions, a  large  dining-hall  and 
lunch  room,  66  by  45,  a  ladies'  toilet 
room,  men's  smoking  and  toilet 
rooms,  commodious  baggage  rooms, 
public  telegraph,  telephone  and  news 
and  flower  stands,  etc.,  all  of  which 
give  the  visitor  alighting  at  Port- 
land a  good  first  impression  of 
the  city.  That  the  Maine  Central 
gives  its  patrons  first  class  accommo- 
dations before  and  after  boarding 
trains,  is  a  matter  of  much  pleasure 
to  travelers.  In  the  handling  of 
freight,  the  Maine  Central,  of  much 
importance  commercially  to  New 
England,  has  been  a  most  important 
adjunct  in  the  growth  of  the  pres- 
ent prosperous  Portland.  The 
general  offices  of  the  company  are 
in  this  city,  in  a  large  and  hand- 
some building,  owned  by  the  rail- 
road, adjoining  the  union  station. 
The  executive  officers  of  the  com- 
pany are,  George  F.  Evans,  vice- 
president  and  general  manager,  and 
Col.  F.  E.  Boothby,  general  passen- 
ger and  ticket  agent. 

Portland  &  Rochester   Railroad. 


An  important  New  England  rail- 
road line  is  the  Portland  &  Roches- 
ter, which  in  late  years  has  taken 
its  place  among  the  successfully  con- 
ducted standard  guage  roads  of  the 
present  day.  This  line  adds  mate- 
rially to  Portlands  importance  as  a 
railroad  center,  and  connects  this 
city  with  Rochester,  N.  H.,  and 
Worcester,  Mass.,  and  points  beyond, 
by  direct  line.  This  now  prosperous 
road  was  first  known  as  the  York  & 
Cumberland,  but  afterwards  became 
known  as  the  Portland  &  Rochester 
Railroad  Company,  and  again  reor- 
ganized, being  now  called  the  Port- 
land &  Rochester  Railroad,  showing 
that  this  road  in  its  early  days  had 
its  vicissitudes.  In  18S1,  the  com- 
pany was  reorganized  under  its  pres- 
ent name,  the  Portland  &  Rochester 


Railroad.  The  company  does  a  large 
passenger  business  and  operates  three 
trains  daily  between  this  city  and 
Rochester,  and  intermediate  stations, 
and  six  trains  each  way  daily  between 
this  city  and  Gorham,  there  being  a 
large  suburban  travel  between  the 
latter  places.  The  stations  of  the 
road  between  Portland  and  Roches- 
ter are  as  follows:  Woodfords,  West- 
brook  Junction,  Cumberland  Mills, 
Westbrook,  Gorham,  Buxton  Cen- 
ter, Saco  River,  Hollis  Center, 
Center  Waterboro,  Alfred,  Spring- 
vale,  East  Lebanon,  P^ast  Rochester 
and  Rochester.  The  road  comprises 
seventy-one  and  ninety-five  hun- 
dredths miles  of  track,  including 
sidings,  and  the  road-bed  is  in  first 
class  condition  and  the  rolling  stock 
at  the  present  day  is  equal  to  that  of 
the  best  of  New  England  roads.  The 
company  carries  a  large  amount  of 
freight  over  its  tracks.  The  company's 
property  in  this  city  is  extensive,  and 
is  continuously  added  to.  On  the 
Back  Cove,  the  company  own  a  large 
area  of  land  extending  to  the  chan- 
nel, which  is  being  rapidly  filled,  and 
tracks  laid,  furnishing  an  excellent 
freight  yard.  This  company  operates 
a  transfer  line,  connecting  the  Maine 
Central  and  Boston  &  Maine  with  the 
Grand  Trunk  Railway.  The  present 
passenger  station  at  Portland,  over 
which  are  the  general  offices  of  the 
company,  was  completed  and  moved 
into  June  21,  1891.  The  stations 
along  the  line  of  the  road  are  many 
of  them  attractive,  and  all  maintained 
with  a  regard  for  the  comfort  and 
convenience  of  passengers.  Among 
the  best  stations  is  that  at  Gorham, 
which  was  built  in  1887.  The  busi- 
ness of  the  road  requires  the  services 
of  225  men,  many  of  whom  reside  in 
this  city  and  vicinity.  The  present 
officers  of  the  company  are  as  follows: 
George  P.  Wescott,  president;  W. 
H.  Conant,  treasurer;  T.  F.  Tolman, 
general  freight  agent;  H.  W.  Davis, 
superintendent  and  general  ticket 
agent;  E.  H.  C.  Tompson,  master 
mechanic,  and  J.  Morrill,  road  mas- 
ter,  Rochester. 


96 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


97 


Portland  &  Rumford  Falls  Railway. 


The  Portland  and  Rumford  Falls 
Railway  has  become  an  important 
link  in  the  railway  system  of  the 
state,  running  almost  due  north  to 
Rumford  Falls  and  there  connecting 
with  the  Rumford  Falls  &  Rangeley 
Lakes  Railroad,  which  lands  the  pas- 
senger at  Bemis  on  the  shores  of  Lake 
Mooselucmaguntic.  The  start  is 
made  from  Union  Station,  Portland, 
the  cars  of  the  Portland  &  Rumford 
Falls  running  via  the  Maine  Central 
Railroad  as  far  as  Rumford  Junc- 
tion, where  the  Portland  &  Rumford 
Falls  train  from  Lewiston  is  joined. 
The  first  station  beyond,  Elm  wood 
Farm,  is  near  the  Methodist  camp- 
ground in  Poland.  Poland  Springs 
station,  next,  and  then  along  through 
the  town  of  Poland  where  special 
accommodations  for  the  tourist  are 
provided  by  many  of  the  residents, 
pure  spring  water  being  everywhere 
abundant.  Crossing  the  Little  An- 
droscoggin, we  enter  the  thriving  vil- 
lage of  Mechanic  Falls,  where  con- 
nections are  made  with  the  Grand 
Trunk  Railway  system  for  the  north 
and  east.  Two  and  a  half  miles 
from  the  next  station,  West  Minot, 
back  among  the  Oxford  Hills,  is  He- 
bron Academy,  which  proudly  points 
to  the  names  of  William  Pitt  Fessen- 
den,  Eugene  Hale,  John  D.  Long 
and  Hannibal  Hamlin,  appearing  on 
its  early  records.  Passing  East  He- 
bron, we  come  to  Buekfield,  the  birth- 
place of  Hon.  John  D.  Long.  Some 
miles  farther  the  train  skirts  the 
shores  of  Lake  Anasagunticook  for 
more  than  a  mile  and  then  passing 
through  the  villages  of  Canton  and 
Gilbertville,  emerges  on  the  banks  of 
the  Androscoggin,  which  it  follows 
closely  for  the  remaining  ten  miles. 
The  village  of  Dixfield  on  the  oppo- 
site side  of  the  river  attracts  the  at- 
tention, and  connections  are  made 
here  for  Pine  Point  Camps  on  Lake 
Webb,  in  the  town  of  Weld,  where 


the  fishing  is  unsurpassed.  Rumford 
Falls,  the  terminus  of  the  Portland 
and  Rumford  Falls  Railway,  is  a 
bustling,  prosperous  manufacturing 
town,  endowed  by  nature  with  unex- 
celled water  power  and  numerous  ad- 
vantages for  the  manufacturer  and 
business  man.  The  Androscoggin 
river  at  this  point  has  a  fall  of  180 
feet  in  less  than  a  mile,  furnishing  a 
a  minimum  of  42,000  horse  power, and 
this  guaranteed  against  drought  by 
the  storage  system  of  dams  and  123 
.square  miles  of  lakes  in  the  forest 
regions  north.  "New  England's 
Niagara,"  as  these  falls  have  been 
fitly  named,  while  forming  the  most 
substantial  of  manufacturing  re- 
sources, also  contributes  much  in  the 
way  of  scenic  beauty,  and  indeed  the 
scenery  around  Rumford  Falls  is  de- 
lightful, while  a  few  miles  away  are 
the  wildnesses  of  the  forest  with  game 
in  abundance.  Pursuing  his  trip  by 
rail  beyond  Rumford  Falls,  via  the 
Rumford  Falls  and  Rangeley  Lakes 
Railroad  the  traveler  is  hurried  on 
through  rough  but  charming  vistas, 
up  the  Swift  River  Valley,  through 
the  towns  of  Mexico,  Roxbury  and 
Byron  to  Bemis,  where  he  alights  in 
a  picturesque  log  station,  modeled 
after  a  lumberman's  camp.  Leaving 
Boston  at  nine  o'clock  in  the  morning 
one  may  arrive  at  Bemis  at  six  o'clock 
P.  M.,  this  line  affording  the  only 
standard  gauge  all-rail  line  from  Bos- 
ton to  the  Rangeley  lakes.  The 
Rangeley  region  has  its  yearly  in- 
creasing quota  of  pleasure  seekers 
and  sportsmen,  and  the  Rumford 
Falls  Line  affords  a  new  and  popular 
route  to  these  lakes.  The  Portland 
&  Rumford  Falls  Railway  comprises 
67  miles  of  road  ;  its  roadbed,  equip- 
ment, rolling  stock  and  train  service 
are  fully  up  to  the  standard  of  the 
first-class  roads  of  New  England. 
The  officers  are  Hugh  J.  Chisholm, 
president;  Waldo  Pettengill,  vice- 
president;  R.  C.  Bradford,  treasurer 
and  traffic  manager;  and  E.  L. 
Lovejoy,  superintendent. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Hon.  Thomas  B.  Reed. 


The  speaker  of  the  national  house 
of   representatives,  Thomas  Braekett 
Reed,  was  born  and  has  always  re- 
sided in  Portland.     He  first  saw  light 
of  day  Oct.  18,  1839,  and  is  the  son 
of     Thomas    Braekett    and    Matilda 
(Mitchell)  Reed.     He  was  educated 
in  the    Portland  public    schools  and 
graduated  from  Bowdoin   College  in 
i860,    following    which    he    devoted 
one  year  and  three  months  to  teach- 
ing,   a    part    of 
which    time    he 
was  one  of    the 
assistants  at  the 
Portland     High 
School.     At  the 
same     time     he 
studied  law.    In 
April,  1864,  be- 
fore he  was  ad- 
mitted    to     the 
bar,  he  was  ap- 
pointed  an  aet- 
i  n  g      assistant- 
paymaster  in  the 
navy.    After  the 
close  of  the  war, 
upon    returning 
to  Portland,   he 
was  admitted  to 
the  Cumberland 
bar     and     com- 
m  enced     the 
practice    of    his 
profession.     He 
first  commenced 
his  noted  public 
career  by  being 
elected    to    the    state    legislature    in 
1867,    from     Portland.       During    his 
first  term  he  became  an  active  mem- 
ber of  the  house  and  served  upon  the 
judiciary    committee.        He    was    re- 
turned to  the  legislature  in  1869  and, 
in     1870,     represented     Cumberland 
county  in  the  state  senate.     While  a 
member  of   the  senate,    he    was    the 
same    year    nominated    and    elected 
attorney-general  of  Maine,  and  being 
at   that   time    only  thirty-two    years 
of    age   was  the  youngest   attorney- 


HON.    THOMAS   B.    REED. 


general  in  the  history  of  Maine.  In 
this  capacity  he  served  three  terms, 
winning  distinction  by  the  successful 
trials  of  the  various  important  cases 
in  which  he  served  the  state.  For 
four  years,  1874-78,  he  was  city  solici- 
tor of  Portland.  His  first  nomination 
for  congress  was  in  1876  and  he  has 
ever  since  represented  the  first  con- 
gressional district  of  Maine  at  Wash- 
ington. By  successive  re-elections 
he  is  now  serving  his  twelfth  term  as 
a  member  of  congress  and  his  fourth 
term  as  speaker. 
His  marvelous 
executive  abili- 
ty, strength  of 
mind  and  know- 
ledge of  parlia- 
mentary rules, 
have  made  him 
a  national  favor- 
i  t  e  and  one 
whose  services 
in  congress  are 
considered  a  1  - 
most  indispen- 
sable. He  re- 
sides on  Deering 
street  in  this 
city  and  his 
home  is  one  of 
the  man  spots 
selected  by 
sightseers  and 
summer  v  i  s  i  - 
tors.  He  was 
married  in  1870 
to  Miss  Susan  P. 
Merrill.  He  has 
one  daughter. 


Hon.  Henry  B.  Cleaves. 

Henry  Bradstreet  Cleaves,  govern- 
or of  Maine  from  1893  to  1897,  has 
been  a  resident  of  Portland  since 
September,  1868.  Born  in  Bridgton, 
Me.,  February  6,  1840,  he  was  des- 
tined to  prominence  in  life.  He  is  a 
son  of  Thomas  and  Sophia  (Brad- 
street)  Cleaves,  his  father  being  a 
farmer  in  Bridgton.  On  the  mater- 
nal side  he  is  descended  from  Daniel 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


99 


Bradstreet,  one  of  the  early  settlers  of 
that  town.     After  obtaining  his  early 
education  which  included  attendance 
at  the  Lewiston   Falls  and    Bridgton 
academies,   in    1862  he  enlisted  as  a 
private  in  Company  B,  Twenty -third 
Me.  Vols.     At  the  expiration  of  the 
regiment's  term  of  enlistment  he  had 
attained    the    rank    of     orderly     ser- 
geant,  and  fagain  enlisted    for  three 
years  under 
Gen.    Fran- 
cis   Fessen- 
den.        In 
this    regi- 
ment he  was 
c  o  m  mis- 
sioned lieu- 
tenant  of 
Company  F, 
Thirtieth 
Me.    Veter- 
ans.       He 
saw     active 
service    and 
participated 
in  the  vari- 
ous engage- 
ments under 
Gen.  Banks 
in    the    Red 
River  Expe- 
dition    and 
under  Gen. 
Fess  e  n  d  e  n 
at     Mans- 
field, Pleas- 
ant Hill  and 
Cane    River 
Crossing,  in 
the    Depart- 
ment of  the 
Gulf.    After 
the  close  of  the  campaign  in  Louisi- 
ana he  served,  during  the  remainder 
of  the  war,  in  the  Army  of  the  Poto- 
mac   and  in  the  Shenandoah  Valley 
under  Sheridan.     At  the  close  of  the 
war,   declining  a  commission  in   the 
regular   army,    offered  by    Secretary 
Stanton,  he  returned  to  his  home  in 
Bridgton  and  assumed  duties  on  the 
home  farm.     He  also  worked  in  the 
lumber   business    and    studied    law. 


HON.    HENRY    B.    CLEAVES. 


He  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Sep- 
tember, 186S,  at  which  time  he 
commenced  practice  and  formed  a 
partnership  with  his  brother,  the  late 
Judge  Nathan  Cleaves.  The  firm 
gradually  became  well  known 
throughout  New  England,  and  since 
the  decease  of  his  brother  has  been 
comprised  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  and  Stephen  C.  Perry.     Gov. 

Cleaves  was 
a  member  of 
the    state 
legislatu  re 
in  1876  and 
1877 ;   city 
solicitor     of 
Portland   in 
1877-78; 
thrice  made 
attorney- 
general     o  f 
the  state  ; 
and  in  1892 
was      nomi- 
nated   and 
elected  gov- 
ernor.     His 
successf  u  1 
administra  - 
tion    wo  11 
h  i  m    a   r  e- 
election     in 
1S94    by  an 
increased 
popular 
vote.     Hav- 
ing    distin- 
g  u  i  s  h  e  d 
himself  as  a 
soldier,  law- 
yer,     attor- 
ney -  gener- 
al,and  endeared  himself  to  the  people 
of    the  state  of    Maine    as  governor, 
Portland      properly      numbers      him 
among  the  noted  residents  of  whom 
the  city  is  proud.     He  is  a  prominent 
member  of  the  G.  A.  R.   and  Maine 
Veterans'  Association,   and   is  inter- 
ested   in    many   financial    and    other 
institutions,   including   those  accom- 
plishing  valuable  benevolent    work. 
Appended  are  the  resolutions  adopted 


IOO 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


by  the  state  legislature  at  the  close  of 
his  last  year  in  the  gubernatorial 
chair. 

In  Senate.  January  7,  1897. 

Resolved:  That  in  recognition  of  the  services  of 
Henry  B.  Cleaves  during  the  past  four  years,  as 
Executive  of  our  State,  the  Senate  of  Maine  tenders 
him,  in  behalf  of  the  citizens  of  Maine,  the  sincere 
appreciation,  respect  and  esteem  of  our  people. 
Able  and  conscientious  in  the  performance  of  his 
duties,  devoted  to  the  interests  of  our  State,  regard- 
ful for  the  welfare  and  prosperity  of  our  people, 
solicitous  for  the  interest  of  her  institutions,  ever 
laboring  for  the  development  of  the  diversified  in- 
dustries of  the  State  and  for  her  advancement,  he 
retires  from  his  official  position  with  the  confidence 
and  regard  of  all  our  citizens,  and  with  their  wishes 
for  a  prosperous  and  happy  future. 

House  of  Representatives,  January  7,  1897. 

Voicing  the  sentiment  of  the  people  and  press  of 
Maine,  the  House  of 
Representatives  de- 
sires  to  place  on  rec- 
ord its  recognition  of 
the  distinguished  ser- 
vices rendered  by  the 
retiring  Governor; 
therefore. 

Resolved  :  That  we 
extend  to  Hon.  Henry 
B.  Cleaves,  who  has 
guided  the  Ship  of 
State  for  four  years, 
our  recognition  of  his 
honorable  service 
Faithful  to  every  trust, 
diligent  in  the  per- 
formance of  all  public 
duties,  devoted  to  the 
interests  of  the  whole 
State,  he  has  met  ev- 
ery emergency  and 
given  to  the  people  of 
Maine  an  upright, 
honest  and  dignified 
administration. 

He  has  been  the 
Governor  of  all;  the 
doors  of  the  Executive 
Chamber  have  always 
been  open  to  every 
citizen  of  the  State, 
and  the  humblest  lias 
never  been  turned 
away  without  a  pa- 
tient and  respectful 
hearing. 

He  retires  from  the 
high  office  he  has  so 
ably  and  faithfully 
filled  with  the  confi- 
dence, respect  and  af- 
fection of  the  whole 
people. 


HON.    JOSIAH    H.    DRUMMOND. 


Hon.  Josiah  H.  Drummond. 

This  well-known  resident  of  Port- 
land is  one  of  the  senior  members  of 
the  Cumberland  county  bar,  whose 
career  has  been  notable.  He  was 
born  in  Winslow,  Kennebec  County, 
Me.,  Aug.  30,  1S27,  and  is  descended 
from  Alexander  Drummond,  one  of  a 
colony  of  Scotch-Irish  Presbyterians, 
who  settled  in  Maine  in  1729.  He  ob- 
tained his  early  education  in  the  dis- 


trict school  and  Vassalboro  Academy 
and  graduated  from  Colby  University 
in   1846.      He  then  taught  school  for 
three  years   as  principal  of  the   Vas- 
salboro   and     China    academies    and 
studied  law  in  the  office  of  Boutelle 
&  Noyes  in  Waterville.     In  1850  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  at  Augusta. 
Visiting  the  Pacific  coast  during  the 
gold   fever,  he  was   also   admitted  to 
practice  in  California.   The  following 
year  he  returned   to  Waterville  and 
succeeded  to  the  practice  of  his  late 
preceptors,     continuing    there     until 
i860,    when    he 
opened    his    of- 
fice in  Portland 
and     has    since 
built  up  an  ex- 
tended    reputa- 
tion.      He    has 
served     as    city 
solicitor  of  Port- 
land  and   attor- 
ney-general     of 
Maine.    In  1851 
he   became  con- 
nected with  the 
Androscoggin  & 
Kennebec  R.R., 
and    in     1864    a 
director    in    the 
Maine     Central 
R.  R.,  of  which 
he    has    been 
clerk  since  1866. 
He    has    also 
been  chief  coun- 
sel  for  that  cor- 
poration.   Made 
a  director  in  the 
Union      Mutual 
Life  Insurance  Company  in  1875,  he 
has  since  served  as  principal  counsel 
for  that  companv,  shaping  the  legis- 
lation that  was   instrumental  in   the 
company's  removal  to  this  state     Of 
this  company  he  is  a  director.     Since 
its  organization   he  has  also  been  a 
director  of  the  Union  Safe  Deposit  & 
Trust    Company.       Mr.    Drummond 
has  a  wide  political  career  and  since 
1855  he  has  been  a  Republican,  and 
as  far  back  as  1856,  a  year  after  he 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


IOI 


left  the  ranks  of  the  Democratic  party 
on  account  of  his  opposition  to  slav- 
ery, he  was  active  on  the  stump, 
speaking  as  often  as  three  times  a 
day.  In  1857, while  away  from  home 
and  unknown  to  him, he  was  nomina- 
ted to  the  state  legislature.  The  fol- 
lowing year  he  was  re-elected  and 
chosen  speaker  of  the  house.  In  1859 
he  was  elected  to  the  senate  and  in 
i860  he  was  made  attorney-general, 
to  accept 
which  he  re- 
signed his 
seat  in  the 
senate,  to 
take  effect 
at  the  end 
of  the  ses- 
sion, being 
sworn  into 
office  the 
day  the  leg- 
islature ad- 
j  o  u  r  n  e  d  , 
serving  four 
years.  Af- 
ter taking 
up  his  resi- 
dence  in 
Portland,  in 
1868  he  was 
elected  t  o 
the  legisla- 
ture again, 
and  once 
more  made 
speaker  o  f 
the  house. 
In  1864,  he 
was  a  mem- 
ber of  the 
Republican 
national 

convention  that  renominated  Lin- 
coln, and  was  also  active  in  the  con- 
ventions that  nominated  Hayes  and 
Blaine.  Mr.  Drummond  has  been 
mention  several  times  for  governor 
and  the  supreme  bench,  but  declined 
both  honors  in  the  interest  of  his  pro- 
fession. He  is  a  distinguished  mem- 
ber of  the  Masonic  fraternity  and  it 
is    stated    that,    excepting    Thomas 


HON.    SETH    L.    LARRABEE. 


Smith  Webb,  who  gave  form  to  Ma- 
sonry in  this  country,  none  have  done 
more  for  that  ancient  order  than  he, 
in  both  writings  and  the  filling  of 
eminent  stations.  Since  joining 
Waterville  Lodge  in  1849,  he  has 
held  nearly  all  the  exalted  offices 
within  the  gift  of  that  order, and  since 
1862  has  been  a  thirty-third  degree 
Mason.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Maine     Historical     Society,     Maine 

Genealogi- 
cal Societ)', 
the  Old  Col- 
ony Society 
o  f  Massa- 
ch  u  se  tt  s, 
and  the 
New  E  n  g- 
land  Histor- 
ical Genea- 
logical So- 
ciety of  Bos- 
ton.  H  e 
was  one  of 
the  found- 
ers and  is 
the  present 
registrar  of 
the  Maine 
Society  o  f 
the  Sons  of 
the  Ameri- 
can Revolu- 
t  i  o  11  .  In 
i87i,he  was 
con  f  e  r  r  e  d 
the  degree 
of  LL.D.by 
Colby  Uni- 
versity. 
For  m  any 
years  has 
been  vice- 
president  of  that  university  corpora- 
tion and  chairman  ex  officio  of  the 
board  of  trustees,  on  which  board  he 
has  served  since  1857. 


Hon.  Seth    L.  Larrabee. 


One  of  the  best  known  and  ablest 
men  in  the  state  is  Seth  L.  Larrabee, 
a  successful  attorney  of  Portland  and 


102 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


last  year  speaker  of  the  Maine  House 
of  Representatives.  He  was  born  in 
Scarboro,  Maine,  Jan.  22,  1855,  his 
ancestry  figuring  prominently  in  en- 
counters with  the  Indians  from  a 
period  as  early  as  1660.  He  spent 
his  boyhood  on  the  home  farm.  Ob- 
taining his  early  education  in  the 
district  school,  he  fitted  for  college  at 
Westbrook  Seminary,  from  which  he 
graduated  in  1870.  After  taking 
a  year's  vacation  he  entered  Bowdoin 
College  and  graduated  with  the  class 
of  1875.  While  attending  college, 
he  taught  several  terms  in  common 
schools  and  after  his  graduation,  he 
taught  the  languages  for  one  year 
in  Goddard  Seminary,  at  Barre,  Vt. 
He  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Strout 
&  Gage,  and  after  being  admitted  to 
the  Cumberland  bar  in  1878,  began 
practice  in  this  city,  where  his  natur- 
al ability  has  won  him  an  eminent 
position  among  the  lawyers  of  this 
state.  In  1880,  he  was  elected  regis- 
ter of  probate  for  Cumberland  County 
which  office  he  held  for  nine  years. 
He  was  chosen  city  solicitor  of  Port- 
land in  1891  and  1893,  and  in  1895 
was  first  elected  to  the  state  legisla- 
ture. He  was  unanimously  nomi- 
nated and  unanimously  elected 
speaker  of  the  house  of  representa- 
tives in  1898,  and  his  natural  fitness 
for  the  chair  was  shown  by  the  grace 
with  which  he  filled  it.  For  many 
years  Mr.  Larrabee  has  been  a  valued 
member  of  the  Portland  Board  of 
Trade  and  his  activity  in  the  interest 
of  local  enterprises  has  been  influen- 
tial. He  was  one  of  the  originators 
of  the  Casco  and  Portland  Loan  and 
Building  Associations,  in  both  of 
which  he  is  director,  treasurer  and 
attorney.  He  was  an  original  incor- 
porator and  is  president  of  the  Port- 
land &  Yarmouth  Electric  Railway 
Co.  He  was  one  of  the  founders  of 
the  Chapman  National  Bank  of  which 
he  is  vice-president  and  director. 
He  was  instrumental  in  chartering 
and  establishing  the  Mercantile  Trust 
Company  of  which  he  is  trustee  and 
attorney.     He  holds  many  positions 


of  trust  and  has  the  management  of 
large  estates.  Mr.  Larrabee  is  a 
hard  student  of  his  profession  and 
one  of  the  most  successful  practition- 
ers in  the  state.  He  is  an  able 
pleader  and  his  commanding  figure 
is  a  familiar  one  in  important  cases 
before  the  higher  courts.  He  is  also 
popular  in  social  circles  and  has  a 
rare  capacity  for  remembering  faces 
and  winning  friends.  He  served  two 
years  as  captain  of  the  First  Maine 
Battery  of  the  state  militia.  He  is  a 
Mason,  Knight  of  Pythias,  and  a 
member  of  the  leading  social  and  po- 
litical clubs  of  the  city.  He  was 
married  Oct.  21,  1880,  to  Miss  Lulu 
B.  Sturdevant,  daughter  of  Dr.  Jo- 
seph Sturdevant  of  Scarboro.  They 
have  two  children,  Sydney  B.,  aged 
seventeen,  and  Leon  S.  Larrabee, 
aged  fifteen,  both  students  in  the 
Portland  High  School. 


Judge  S.  C.  Strout. 

This  justiciar}'  is  associate  justice 
of  the  Supreme  Judicial  Court  of 
Maine  and  has  been  a  resident  of 
Portland  since  boyhood.  He  was 
born  in  Wales,  Androscoggin  County, 
Me.,  Feb.  17,  1827,  and  his  ancestors 
were  among  the  early  residents  of 
Cape  Elizabeth  and  came  here  from 
England.  His  father,  Ebenezer 
Strout,  was  a  trader  of  prominence 
and  removed  to  this  city  from  Tops- 
ham,  Me.,  in  1841.  Here  young 
Strout  continued  his  education  and 
attended  the  Portland  High  School. 
Failing  health  compelled  him  to 
abandon  study  temporarily  at  eigh- 
teen years  of  age.  After  engaging 
as  a  clerk  in  the  dry  goods  store  of 
David  J.  True  for  about  one  year,  he 
began  to  fit  himself  for  the  practice 
of  law,  a  profession  he  had  previous- 
ly chosen.  He  first  commenced  to 
read  law  in  the  office  of  Howard  & 
Shepley,  both  of  whom  were  after- 
wards distinguished  judges.  He  was 
admitted  to  the  Cumberland  County 
bar  in  1848  and  almost  immediately 
opened    an    office    and    commenced 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


103 


practice  in  Bridgton,  Me.,  removing 
to  Portland  in  1854.  One  year  later 
he  formed  a  partnership  with  Judge 
Howard,  his  former  preceptor,  who 
had  retired  from  the  bench  after  one 
term.  After  ten  years  the  firm  dis- 
solved and  Mr.  Strout  continued 
alone  until  1866  when  the  celebrated 
law  firm  of  Strout  &  Gage  was 
formed,  becoming  known  as  Strout, 
Gage  &  Strout  in  1880,  at  which 
time  his  son 
Fred  er  i  c  k 
was  admit- 
ted to  the 
firm.  Upon 
the  latter's 
decease  in 
1888,  Judge 
Strout'ssec- 
ond  son, 
Charles  A., 
took  his  late 
brother's 
place  in  the 
firm.  Since 
the  subject 
of  this 
sketch  took 
his  seat  on 
the  supreme 
bench  the 
firm  has 
been  com- 
posed of 
Hanno  W. 
Gage  and 
Charles  A. 
Strout,  and 
conti  nued 
under  the 
style  of 
Gage  & 
Strout.  Up- 
on the  decease  of  Judge  Artemas 
Libby,  Mr.  Strout  was  appointed  his 
successor  by  a  Republican  governor, 
although  he  has  ever  been  affiliated 
with  the  Democratic  party.  His  ap- 
pointment in  1894  was  at  the  time 
considered  and  has  since  proven  most 
appropriate.  Nearly  a  half-century 
of  practice  coupled  with  his  marked 
ability  has  won  him  distinction  as  a 


JUDGE  S.  C.  STROUT. 


member  of  the  bar,  and  since  taking 
his  seat  on  the  supreme  bench  his  de- 
cisions have  been  rendered  with  that 
characteristic  justness  which  admits 
of  no  object  in  appeal.  Upon  the 
resignation  of  Judge  Lowell  from  the 
U.  S.  circuit  court,  Judge  Strout 
was  almost  unanimously  named  for 
the  vacancy  by  the  bar  of  Maine,  al- 
though the  appointment  went  to 
another  state.     Judge  Strout  served 

ten  years  as 
president  of 
the  Cumber- 
land Bar  As- 
socia  t  i  o  n  . 
He  has  also 
been  a  mem- 
ber of  the 
board  of  al- 
dermen. He 
i  s  enrolled 
in  the  mem- 
bership o  f 
the  Cumber- 
land Club. 
His  life  has 
been  closely 
devoted  to 
his  profes- 
sion and  he 
is  consid- 
ered one  of 
the  most 
scholarly 
and  able  of 
those  whose 
duties  it  is 
to  pass  judg- 
ment in  the 
higher  tri- 
bunals in 
this  state. 
His  popu- 
larity extends  from  the  hearth  of 
his  own  fireside  throughout  busi- 
ness and  social  circles  wherever  he 
is  known.  He  was  married,  Novem- 
ber, 1849,  to  Octavia  J.  P.  Shaw  of 
Portland,  and  to  them  five  children 
dren  have  been  born  :  Annie  O., 
Louise  B.,  Frederick  S.  (deceased), 
Joseph  H.  (deceased),  and  Charles 
A.   Strout. 


io4 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


H.,  where    he    resided 


Hon.  Henry  C.  Peabody. 

The  probate  court  of  this  county  is 
presided  over  by  Judge  Henry  Clay 
Peabody,  who  has  held  the  office  con- 
tinuously since  January  i,  1880.  He 
was  born  in  Gilead,  Oxford  County, 
Me.,  April  14,  1838,  a  son  of  John 
Tarbell  and  Mercy  Ingalls  (Burbank) 
Peabody.  In  1839,  he  removed  to 
Gorham,  N. 
until  !  after 
his  gradua- 
tion from 
college.',  He 
attended 
public 
schools  and 
Gould's 
Acade  m  y, 
Bethel,  Me., 
and  fitted 
for  college 
at  Fryeburg 
Aca  dem  y. 
He  after- 
wards en- 
tered and 
graduated 
from  Dart- 
mouth Col- 
lege in  the 
class  of  '59. 
Choosing 
the  legal 
profession, 
he  read  law 
in  Portland 
in  the  office 
of  General 
Samuel  Fes- 
senden.  In 
1862, he  was 
admitted  to 
the  bar  in  this  county  and  began  the 
successful  practice  of  his  profession 
in  Portland.  From  the  time  of  his 
admission  to  the  bar  until  1867,  he 
was  a  partner  of  the  late  Judge  Aaron 
B.  Holden.  For  several  years  he  was 
a  member  of  the  school 'board.  At 
the  state  election  in  the  fall  of  1879, 
he  was  elected  judge  of  probate,  tak- 
ing his  seat   the   following  January. 


HON.    HENRY   C.    PEABODY. 


His  sound  judgment  in  probate' and 
insolvency  matters  demonstrated  his 
fitness  for  the  important  office  and  he 
has  been  regularly  re-elected  at  the 
expiration  of  each  term.  He  has 
much  ability  as  a  public  speaker,  but 
he  has  not  thought  it  proper  while 
holding  a  judicial  office  to  engage 
actively  in  political  campaigns.  He 
has  been  heard,  however,  at  Memo- 
rial Day  exercises  and  on  other  occa- 
sions of  a 
public  na- 
ture. He 
served  as 
chairman  of 
the  commis- 
sion  a  p- 
p  o  i  nted 
by  Gov. 
Cleaves  in 
1895  to  pre- 
pare uni- 
form blanks 
and  rules  of 
practice  and 
proc  e  d  u  r  e 
for  use  in 
the  probate 
and  insol- 
vency courts 
of  Maine,  a 
commissio  n 
authori  zed 
b  y  a  c  t  of 
legislat  u  r  e 
for  this  im- 
portant pur- 
pose. The 
rules  a  n  d 
blanks  now 
in  use  are 
those  pre- 
pared by 
that  commission.  Judge  Peabody 
has  been  called  upon  to  fill  many  of- 
fices of  honor  and  trust.  He  is  a 
prominent  member  of  the  Knights  of 
Pythias.  In  that  fraternal  organiza- 
tion he  is  a  past  grand  chancellor 
and  has  twice  been  the  supreme  rep- 
resentative of  the  state  to  the  supreme 
lodge.  He  is  also  a  member  of  the 
Odd  Fellows  and  the  Royal  Arcanum. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


105 


He  is  one  of  the  trustees  of  Fryeburg 
Academy  and  a  trustee  of  the  Port- 
land Public  Library  and  of  the 
Greenleaf  Law  Library,  and  is  a  di- 
rector of  the  Portland  Loan  and 
Building  Association.  For  a  number 
of  years  he  was  president  of  the 
Maine  State  Relief  Association.  He 
is  a  fellow  of  the  Maine  Academy  of 
Medicine,  a  member  of  the  Fraternity 
Club,  a  prominent  literary  associa- 
tion, and  of 
the  Portland 
and  Lincoln 
Clubs,  the 
two  princi- 
pal Republi- 
can organiz- 
ation s  of 
this  city. 
He  married 
in  1867  Miss 
Ellen  Ad- 
ams, daugh- 
ter of  Dea. 
Augu  stus 
Adams,  of 
Portland. 
They  have 
had  three 
ch  i  1  d  r  e  n , 
Clarence 
Webster 
P  e  a  b  o  cl  y , 
a  graduate 
of  Bowdoin 
College  and 
Harvard 
LawSchool, 
now  practic- 
ing law  in 
the  same  of- 
fice with  his 
father  in  the 

Union  Mutual  insurance  building, 
and  who  is  at  present  a  member  of 
the  Portland  school  board  ;  Arthur 
Glendower  Peabody,  born  in  1872 
and  died  in  1880;  and  Henry  Adams 
Peabody,  born  in  1881,  who  in- 
tends to  enter  Bowdoin  College  as 
a  member  of  the  class  of   1903. 


George  F.  Evans. 


GEORGE   F.    EVANS 


One  of  the  best  known  railroad 
officials  of  New  England  is  George 
F.  Evans,  vice-president  and  general 
manager  of  the  Maine  Central  Rail- 
road, the  main  offices  of  which  are 
at  Portland.  He  is  a  native  of  Con- 
cord, N.  H.  He  obtained  his  early 
education  in  the  public  schools  of 
that  city,  taking  a  college  course  and 

graduati  n  g 
from  the 
Concord 
HighSchool 
in  1862.  He 
first  began 
business  life 
as  time- 
keeper a  t 
the  machine 
shops  of  the 
Nor  t  h  e  r  n 
New  Hamp- 
shire Rail- 
road, but  in 
1863  he  en- 
tered the 
office  of 
Colonel  J. 
N.  Macomb, 
then  of  the 
Corps  of 
Engineer  s, 
United 
States  A  r- 
my.  He  re- 
mained a  t 
Portsmout  h 
in  the  ser- 
vice of  this 
army  engi- 
neer until 
1867,  when 
he  removed  to  Cincinnati  and  be- 
came his  assistant  in  the  making 
of  surveys  and  the  improvement  of 
rivers  and  harbors  at  Cincinnati, 
Rock  Island  and  Philadelphia.  In 
the  spring  of  1881  he  resigned  this 
position  to  accept  the  office  of  secre- 
tary and  treasurer  of  the  Louisville, 
Evansville  and  St.  Louis  R.  R. 
Three  years  later  he  was  appointed 


io6 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


assistant  to  the  president  of  that  rail- 
road and  placed  in  charge  of  the 
operating  and  traffic  departments 
with  office  at  Louisville,  Ky.  In 
1885  he  was  appointed  receiver  and 
general  manager  of  that  railroad  by 
the  late  Judge  W.  Q.  Gresham.  Un- 
der his  management  the  road  was 
rescued  from  the  hands  of  the  receiv- 
er and  in  one  year's  time  was  re-or- 
ganized, the  subject  of  this  sketch 
continuing  as  general  manager  and 
also  taking 
charge 
again  of 
the  oper- 
ating and 
traffic  d  e  - 
partmen  t  s. 
In  1892  he 
severed  his 
connect  i  o  n 
with  this 
load  to  be- 
come super- 
intendent of 
the  South- 
ern Division 
of  the  Bos- 
ton &  Maine 
Rai  1  r  o  a  d, 
bee  o  m  ing 
assistant 
general 
manager  of 
that  corpor- 
a  t  i  o  n  in 
1895.  He 
became  an 
official  o  f 
t  h  e  Maine 
Central 
Rai  1  r  o  a  d, 
Novem  b  e  r 
30,     1896, 

when  he  was  made  general  manager. 
November,  1897,  ne  succeeded  Payson 
Tucker  as  vice-president,  since  which 
time  he  has  served  as  both  general 
manager  and  vice-president.  Being 
elected  a  director  of  the  company  in 
October,  1898,  he  is  now  one  of  the 
highest  officials.  He  is  a  man  of 
progressive    ideas     and     thoroughly 


m.1                                                                          R 

1    "M 

mm 

GEORGE   A.    THOMAS. 


versed  in  railroad  matters.  His  en- 
cumbency  in  his  present  capacity  has 
been  productive  of  marked  improve- 
ment in  the  service,  the  advantage  of 
which  has  been  appreciated  by  the 
traveling  public  and  the  innumer- 
able manufacturers  and  merchants 
who  ship  merchandise  over  this  line. 

George  A.  Thomas. 

The  portrait  of  this  life-long  resi- 
dent will  be 
recogni  zed 
as  one  of  the 
best  known 
in  Portland. 
Alt  hough 
his  clear  in- 
tellect and 
rugged  phy- 
sique would 
make  him 
appear  sev- 
eral years 
his  junior, 
he  was  born 
in  this  city, 
Septem  b  e  r 
16,  1  8  1  9. 
He  is  one  of 
the  original 
Thomas 
family  that 
has  taken 
promi  n  e  n  t 
part  in  the 
affairs  of 
Portland  for 
many  gen- 
erations, 
and  a  son  of 
EliasThom- 
a  s  ,  who 
lived  to  the 
remarkable  age  of  one  hundred  and 
one-half  years.  He  attended  the  dis- 
trict school  and  old  Portland  Acade- 
my where  the  poet  Longfellow  was 
once  a  pupil.  He  then  entered  Bow- 
doin  College  and  studied  law.  His 
profession  he  has  never  practiced. 
His  inclination  to  see  something  of 
life  in  the  gold  fields  prompted  him 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


107 


to  go  to  California,  in  1850,  where  he 
remained  for  a  period  of  four  years, 
bringing  back  some  gold.  His  excel- 
lent basso  voice,  the  quality  of  which 
was  probably  once  unexcelled  in  New 
England,  and  his  natural  talent  for 
music  and  rare  entertaining  powers 
made  him  popular  in  musical  and  so- 
cial circles  early  in  life.  For  twenty 
years  he  was  a  member  of  the  choir, 
and  had  charge  of  the  music  at  the 
church  presided  over  by  Rev.  Asa 
Dalton.  For  generations  back  his 
pleasing 
voice  has 
been  heard, 
often  in  comic 
songs  at  en- 
tertainmen  t  s 
given  to 
children,  for 
whom  he  has 
always  a 
k  i  n  d  1  y 
thought.  Al- 
though sev- 
enty-nine 
years  of  age, 
he  still  pos- 
sesses a  re- 
m  a  r  k  a  b  1  y 
good  voice 
and  retains 
his  faculty 
for  rendering 
a  creditable 
solo,  even 
playing  his 
own  accom- 
p  ani  me  n  t. 
Having  a 
naturally 

happy  disposition,  his  humorous  say- 
ings and  writings  are  well  known. 
He  has  written  some  verse  and  his 
impromptu  rhymes,  he  is  capable  of 
applying  to  any  subject,  are  highly 
amusing.  He  has  always  been  a 
prominent  factor  in  the  social  circles 
of  Portland  and  his  home  on  Danforth 
street  where,  since  the  Portland  fire, 
he  has  resided  with  his  sister,  is 
known  as  Sociable  Corner.  Mr. 
Thomas  has  never  been  an  aspirant 


to  public  office,  and  excepting  the 
Merchants'  Exchange  and  a  long 
list  of  musical  societies  has  never 
been  a  member  of  any  organization. 
He,  however,  claims  and  is  justly  en- 
titled to  membership  in  the  G.  O.  H., 
"  General  Order  of  Humanity." 


E.  B.  Winslow. 


E.    B.    WINSLOW. 


One  of  the  most  useful  residents  of 
this  locality  is  Edward  Brackett  Win- 
slow,  born  in  a  portion  of  Westbrook, 
now  Deering, 
Sept. 20, 1846, 
a  son  of  John 
T.  and  Mary 
K.  (Noyes) 
W  i  n  s  1  o  w  . 
After  attend- 
ing the  local 
public 
schools  and 
gradu  atin  g 
from  West- 
brook  Semi- 
nary, he  en- 
tered the  em- 
ploy of  the 
Portland 
Sto  neware 
Co.,  with 
which  con- 
cern his  fa- 
ther was  asso- 
ciated. The 
company  was 
then  manu- 
facturing 
drain  pipe 
and  coarse 
stoneware  in 
a  primitive  way.  The  services  of  the 
young  man,  which  soon  became  valu- 
able, resulted  in  the  adoption  of  new 
processes  and  an  increase  in  the  trade 
of  the  concern.  He  was  taken  into 
the  company  and  made  outside  man- 
ager and  for  the  past  fifteen  years  he 
has  been  the  executive  head  of  the 
extensive  works.  Besides  managing 
the  business  of  this  large  concern, 
which  has  been  developed  into  its 
present    magnitude     by    his     hand, 


io8 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Mr.  Winslow  is  president  of  the  Cen- 
tral Wharf  Tovvboat  Co.,  president  of 
the  Caseo  Bay  Steamboat  Co., a  direct- 
or of  the  Portland  &  Ogdensburg  R. 
R.Co.,in  the  First  National  Bank,  the 
Union  Safe  Deposit  and  Trust  Co., 
of  the  Caseo  and  the  Portland  Loan 
and  Building  Associations.  From 
1892  to  1896,  he  was  president  of  the 
Portland  Board  of  Trade.  He  has 
taken  a  most  active  part  in  public 
affairs  ;  was  a  member  of  the  Port- 
land Board  of  Aldermen  in   1881-83, 


Democrats,  he  therefore  declined.  In 
1897  he  became  the  Democratic  nomi- 
nee for  mayor  of  Portland,  and  al- 
though supported  by  many  leading 
men  of  the  Republican  party  he  was 
defeated.  He  was  one  of  the  com- 
mission preparing  the  draft  for  the 
new  city  charter  in  1897.  He  was 
married  in  1871  to  Alice  J.  Deavitt, 
daughter  of  James  A.  Leavitt  of  Port- 
land. In  his  summer  residence  at 
Deering,  and  his  home  in  Portland 
proper,  he  entertains  largely. 


SUMMER   RESIDENCE   OF  E.    B.IWINSLOW,    EAST   DEERING. 


the  last  year  of  which  he  was  chair- 
man ;  he  has  also  served  as  a  member 
of  the  board  of  water  commissioners 
and  was  two  terms  a  member  of  the 
police  commission.  In  politics  he 
has  been  identified  with  the  Demo- 
cratic party.  He  was  a  delegate  in 
1895  to  the  Democratic  national  con- 
vention, which  supported  the  gold 
standard.  In  June,  1896,  without 
solicitation,  he  was  unanimously 
nominated  for  governor.  His  scru- 
ples, however,  would  not  allow  him 
to    form   alliances    with    the    silver 


Hugh  J.  Chisholm. 

The  president  ot  the  Portland  & 
Rumford  Falls  Railway  was  born  at 
Niagara  on  the  Lake,  Canada,  May 
2,  1847.  He  attended  school  until 
thirteen,  and  in  i860  became  a  news- 
boy on  the  Grand  Trunk,  his  route 
lying  between  Toronto  and  Detroit, 
one  of  his  contemporaries  being 
Thomas  A.  Edison,  whose  route  was 
between  Detroit  and  Port  Huron. 
At  that  early  age  he  developed  habits 
of  thrift  and  showed  marked  ability. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


109 


By  saving  his  first  meager  earnings, 
he  acquired  a  surplus  of  fifty  dollars 
which  enabled  him  to  pursue  a 
course  of  study  evenings  in  Bryant  & 
Stratton's  Commercial  College  at 
Toronto.  In  1861,  he  formed  a  part- 
nership with  his  brothers,  like  him- 
self all  in  their  teens,  under  the  firm 
name  of  Chisholm  Bros.  They  began 
to  employ  other  boys  and  finally  con- 
trolled the  news  business  of  the  whole 
Grand 
Trunk  Sys- 
tem, and,  six 
years  after 
Hugh  had 
made  his 
modest 
start,  they 
had  con- 
tracted t  o 
sell  papers 
on  trains 
from  Chica- 
go to  Port- 
1  a  n  d  and 
Halifax, 
and  on  the 
steamboa  t  s 
comprisi  n  g 
all  the  prin- 
cipal lines 
of  travel 
in  northern 
New  Eng- 
land, north- 
em  New 
York  a  n  d 
Canada, 
routes  e  x  - 
tending  over 
5000  miles 
and  employ- 
ing over  200 

boys,  inaugurating  the  uniform,  now 
worn,  of  train  men's  cap  and  gold 
buttons.  Chisholm  Bros,  were  the 
pioneers  in  the  transportation  pub- 
lishing business,  producing  railway 
and  tourists'  guides  and  albums  de- 
scriptive of  routes  of  travel.  The 
charms  of  Portland  as  a  place  of  resi- 
dence prompted  Mr.  Chisholm  to  es- 
tablish a  branch  office  here,  and  since 


HUGH  J.    CHISHOLM. 


1872,  until  recently,  he  has  been  an 
adopted  resident  of  Portland.  Four 
years  later,  he  purchased  the  interests 
of  his  brothers  in  the  New  England 
states  and  established  a  publishing 
business  in  this  city.  He  has  pro- 
duced over  300  sets  of  picture  albums 
descriptive  of  Maine  and  scenery 
along  the  principal  railroads  of  the 
United  States,  also  many  beautiful 
works  descriptive  of  cities,  including 

the  "  White 
City,"  is- 
sued for  the 
World's 
Fair.  He 
became  in- 
terested in 
the  woo  d 
pulp  indus- 
try in  1880, 
and  after 
overcomin  g 
many  dis- 
coura  g  i  n  g 
obs  t  a  c  1  e  s 
and  starting 
several  ex- 
perimenting 
factories 
with  others, 
he  orga- 
nized the 
Some  rse  t 
Fibre  Co., 
at  Fairfield, 
Maine,  in- 
corporat  e  d 
with  a  cap- 
ital of  $200,- 
ooo,ofwhich 
success f  ul 
concern  he 
is  now  a  di- 
rector. Since  1881,  he  has  been 
president  and  manager  of  the  Umba- 
gog  Pulp  Co.,  which  he  established, 
and  which  now  has  a  capital  of 
$200,000.  He  was  also  the  organ- 
izer, and  since  the  start  has  been 
treasurer,  general  manager  and  chief 
owner,  of  the  Otis  Falls  Pulp  Co., 
which  represents  $700,000  invested 
capital.        In     1882     Mr.     Chisholm 


no 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


became  interested  in  the  develop- 
ment of  the  magnificent  water  power 
at  Rumford  Falls,  which  is  now  a 
thriving  manufacturing  locality,  but 
at  that  time  a  wilderness.  Due  to 
his  enterprise  and  far  sightedness, 
therefore,  is  the  evolution  of  the 
town.  It  was  Mr.  Chisholm  also, 
who  purchased  the  unfinished  Rum- 
ford  Falls  and  Buekfield  R.  R.,  or- 
ganizing a  new  company  for  its  con- 
trol and,  as 
its  president 
and  manag- 
er, the  line 
was  extend- 
e  d  from 
Canto  n  to 
Rurafor  d 
Falls  and 
from  M  e  - 
chanic  Falls 
to  Auburn. 
He  was  also 
instrumen- 
tal in  estab- 
lishing the 
Rumford 
Falls  Paper 
Co.  and  the 
Rumford 
Falls  Sul- 
phite Co., 
of  which  he 
is  treasurer 
and  direct- 
or. He  was 
also  one  of 
the  promot- 
ers and  in- 
corporators 
of  the  Rum- 
ford Falls 
WoolenCo., 

the  Rumford  Falls  Light  &  Water 
Co.,  the  Rumford  Falls  Trust  Co.,  in 
all  of  which  he  is  a  director,  and,  in 
the  last,  the  principal  stockholder. 
His  increased  business  interests  at 
the  head  of  the  paper  trust  recently 
formed,  caused  him  to  take  up  his 
residence  in  New  York,  where  he 
has  become  a  familiar  figure  in  social 
circles. 


Hon.  J.  W.  Symonds. 


HON.    J.    W.    SYMONDS. 


A  leading  member  of  the  bar  of  the 
state  is  Hon.  Joseph  White  Symonds, 
a  resident  of  Portland.  He  was  born 
in  Raymond,  Me.,  September  2,  1840. 
His  father,  Joseph  Symonds,  removed 
to  Portland  in  1845,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch  fitting  for  college  at  the 
Portland  High  School.  He  attended 
Bovvdoin     College    from     which    he 

graduate  d 
in  i860. 
Among  his 
classmates 
were  Thom- 
as B.  Reed, 
William  W. 
Thomas, 
Jr.,  and  oth- 
er men  who 
have  won 
both  name 
and  fame  in 
v  a  r  i  o  u  s 
walks  of 
life.  He 
studied  for 
his  profes- 
sion and 
first  co  lu- 
men c  e  d  to 
read  law  in 
the  office  of 
General 
Samuel  Fes- 
s  e  n  d  e  n  . 
His  law 
stud  i  e  s 
there  were 
followed  by 
continui  n  g 
in  the  office 
of  Edward 
Fox,  who  afterwards  was  on  the 
bench  of  the  United  States  District 
Court  in  this  state.  He  was  admit- 
ted to  practice  to  the  Cumberland 
bar  in  1864.  He  soon  established  a 
reputation  and  large  clientage,  and 
in  a  few  years  was  chosen  city  solic- 
itor; and  his  sagacity  in  looking  after 
the  legal  interests  of  Portland  added 
to    his    reputation.        After    he    had 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


in 


acquired  a  large  general  practice,  in 
Sept.,  1872,  he  was  appointed  judge 
of  the  Superior  Court  of  Cumberland 
County,  on  which  bench  he  served  for 
about  six  years,  when  he  was  ap- 
pointed one  of  the  justices  of  the 
Supreme  Judicial  Court  of  Maine. 
After  remaining  on  the  supreme 
bench  for  six  years  more,  he  resigned 
and  returned  to  his  practice  to  which 
he  has  ever  since  devoted  his  entire 
energy.  Be- 
ing an  attor- 
ney of  wide 
experien  c  e 
and  marked 
ability,  his 
services  are 
retained  on 
imp  ortant 
cases  before 
the  higher 
courts.  He 
is  well- 
known  as  a 
corporati  o  n 
lawyer  and 
has  settled 
many  large 
estates. 
Having 
been  prac- 
tically a  life- 
long resi- 
dent of 
Portland,  he 
is  well- 
known  both 
in  business 
and  social 
circles.  He 
is  a  Repub- 
lican in  pol- 
itics   and  is 

esteemed  by  all  who  know  him.  He 
resides  on  Pine  street  and  has  one 
son,  Stuart  Oakley  Symonds. 


Both 

par 

were 

ers. 

son 


Jhoim.  a.  f.  moulton. 


Hon.  A.  F.  Moulton. 


This  well-known  lawyer  was  born 
in  Jay,  Franklin  county,  Me., 
May  1,  184S.  He  comes  of  old 
New  England  stock,  his  ancestry  on 


the  paternal  side  dating  back  to  1638 
when  William  Moulton  came  from 
England  and  settled  in  Hampton, 
New  Hampshire.  Among  his  later 
antecedents  was  Capt.  Daniel  Moul- 
ton who  removed  to  Scarboro  about 
the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
and  who  took  an  active  part  during 
the  war  of  the  Revolution.  Augustus 
Freedom  Moulton  was  the  son  of 
Freedom  and  Shuah  Coffin  (Carter) 

Moulton. 
H  i  s  father 
was  a  prom- 
nent  citizen 
of  Scarboro 
and  at  the 
time  of  his 
death  in 
1857,  was 
town  clerk, 
of  his 
e  n  t  s 
teach- 
Their 
attend- 
ed the  pub- 
lic schools 
and  further 
pursued  his 
education  at 
G  o  r  h  a  m 
Semi  nary. 
He  after- 
wards a  t- 
tended  the 
Saco  High 
School  and 
continued  at 
Westbrook 
Semin  ary, 
from  which 
he  graduat- 
ed in  1869. 
The  same  year  he  entered  Bowdoin 
College  from  which  he  graduated  in 
1873.  While  in  college  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Delta  Kappa  Epsilon 
and  Phi  Beta  Kappa  societies.  He 
took  the  St.  Croix  prize  for  excellence 
in  extemporaneous  speaking  and 
graduated  at  the  head  of  his  class. 
After  serving  one  year  as  tutor  at 
Bowdoin  College,  the   year  following 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


his  graduation,  he  entered  the  law 
office  of  Hon.  William  L.  Putnam,  in 
Portland.  Two  years  later  in  1876 
he  was  admitted  to  the  Cumberland 
Bar  and  commenced  the  practice  of 
his  profession  in  Portland.  His  abil- 
ity as  a  lawyer  has  built  up  a  lucra- 
tive business  in  mercantile  and  cor- 
poration practice.  He  is  a  familiar 
figure  in  important  cases  before  the 
higher 
courts  a  n  d 
the  legal 
representa- 
tive in  Port- 
landofBrad- 
street'sMer- 
c  a  n  tile 
Agency. 
After  resid- 
ing in  Scar- 
bo  ro  for 
many  years, 
there  serv- 
i  n  g  fifteen 
years  on  the 
school  com- 
mittee and 
represe  nt- 
ingthe  town 
in  the  state 
legisla  ture 
two  terms, 
1878-79,  he 
removed  t  o 
Deering 
where  he 
was  chosen 
mayor  in 
1898.  The 
ami  e  x  ation 
of  Deering 
to    Portland 

in  1899  makes  him  distinguished  in 
history  as  the  last  mayor  of  the  pros- 
perous city  of  Deering  which  locality 
has  since  become  wards  8  and  9  of 
Greater  Portland.  Of  the  former  ward 
he  was  nominated  for  the  new  board 
of  aldermen,  February  last,  by  the  Re- 
publican party.  He  is  one  of  the  trus- 
tees of  Westbrook  Seminary,  a  member 
of  the  Fraternity  and  Cumberland 
clubs,  Portland  Board  of  Trade,  Maine 


Historical  and  Maine  Genealogical 
societies.  He  is  a  past  chancellor  and 
one  of  the  Trustees  of  Bramhall  Dodge , 
Knights  of  Pythias,  and  a  prominent 
member  and  past  commander  of  Port- 
land Commandery,  Knights  Templar. 

Hon.  J.  P.  Baxter. 


James  Phinney  Baxter,  the  donor 
ofPortland's 
magnificent 
public  libra- 
ry building 
was  born  in 
G  o  r  h  a  111 , 
Me. 


*  6  . 

His 
the 


HON.    J.    P.    BAXTER. 


March 

1831 . 

father, 
late 
Elihu  Bax- 
ter, M.  D., 
removed  to 
P  o  r  1 1  a  11  d 
and engaged 
in  the  prac- 
tice of  medi- 
cine, the 
subject  of 
this  sketch 
entering  the 
p  u  b  1  i  c 
schools  here 
ini84oatthe 
age  of  nine 
years.  He 
subsequent - 
1  y  took  a 
course  of  in- 
struction at 
the  Dynn 
(Mass.) 
Academy , 
and  continuing 
Portland  Acad- 
his    education 


afterwards  returning 
his  studies  at  the  old 
emy  supplementing 
with  a  thorough  course  in  ancient  and 
modern  languages.  Following  the 
completion  of  his  educational  pur- 
suits, for  several  years  he  was  engaged 
in  study  and  literary  pursuits,  for 
which  he  developed  inclinations  early 
in  his  boyhood.  In  1859  he  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits,  establishing  with 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


113 


CITY   RESIDENCE   OF   HON.   J.    P.    BAXTER. 


a  friend  an  agency  for  American  and 
foreign  manufactures.  This,  his  first 
enterprise,  was  most  successful. 
After  the  breaking  out  of  the  Civil 
War,  Mr.  Baxter,  with  his  partner, 
Hon.  Wm.  G.  Davis,  established  the 
Portland  Packing  Company,  his  busi- 
ness foresight  anticipating  the  demand 
for  hermetically  sealed  provisions  for 
the  army  and  navy,  being  responsible 
for  the  forming  of  this  now  large  cor- 
poration, the  name  of  which  is  famous 


throughout  the  world.  His  capacity 
for  handling  extensive  business  inter- 
ests has  been  demonstrated  by  the 
successful  outcome  of  the  succeeding 
enterprises  with  which  he  has  become 
connected.  Gifted  with  marked 
judgment  and  skill  in  finance,  his 
services  have  been  availed  of  and 
appreciated  by  some  of  the  leading 
financial  institutions  of  this  city.  He 
is  president  of  the  Merchants'  Na- 
tional Bank,  one  of  the  trustees  of  the 


SUMMER   RESIDENCE   OF  HON.    J.    P.    BAXTER,    MACKWORTH   ISLAND. 


ii4 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Portland  Savings  Bank,  and  vice- 
president  of  the  Portland  Trust  Com- 
pany, of  which  he  was  one  of  the 
original  directors.  He  became  mayor 
of  Portland  in  1893,  serving  four 
years.  During  his  administration, 
marked  public  improvements  were 
inaugurated  :  notably  the  extension 
of  the  park  system,  adding  so  mate- 
rially to  the  beauty  of  the  city,  and 
theeom- 
m  e  n  ce- 
ment of 
the  con- 
stru  c- 
tion  o  f 
Tukey's 
bridge. 
While 
m  a  y  or, 
his  in- 
terest in 
educa- 
tional 
m  a  tters 
was  sig- 
n  i  f  i  - 
c  a  n  1 1  y 
shown, 
and  dur- 
ing his 
first 
term,  he 
donat- 
ed his 
o  ffi  c  i  al 
salary, 
$2,  000, 
to  the 
s  c  h  o  ol 
board  to 
e  s  t  a  b- 
lish  the 
pr  e  s  eut 
manual 

training  school  for  boys,  and  later  sup- 
portedone  of  the  kindergarten  schools. 
His  interest  in  the  city  of  Portland  has 
been  manifested  more  emphatically 
in  other  ways,  where  his  public  spirit 
and  generosity  have  been  shown. 
His  gift  to  the  city  of  the  handsome 
and  costly  Public  Library  building, 
will   ever   stand    as    a   svmbol  of  his 


BAXTER    MEMORIAL   BUILDING. 


princely  benevolence.  Always  active 
and  a  leader  in  charitable  work,  he 
has  served  as  president  of  the  Port- 
land Provident  Association,  and  is 
now  a  director  in  the  Maine  Industrial 
School,  and  president  of  the  Port- 
land Benevolent  Society.  Through 
his  efforts,  the  Portland  Associated 
Charities  was  founded,  an  outgrowth 
of  his  interest  in  the  Home  for  Little 

Wand- 
erers . 
Lit  era- 
ture  is 
his   fav- 

0  r  i  t  e 
study 
and  rec- 
reation , 
and  for 
m  a  n  y 
years  he 
hasbeen 
a  con- 
s  t  a  n  t 
contri  b- 
utor  to 
leadi  ng 
maga- 
zine s  . 
The 
pub  1  i- 
ca  tions 
from  his 
pen  date 
back  to 
1882.  In 
1885  -6, 
d  u  r  i  ng 
w  h  i  c  h 
time  he 
made 
a      pro- 

1  o  n  ged 
visit    to 

Europe,  in  researches  in  public  and 
private  archives,  resulting  in  the  col- 
lection of  a  large  number  of  rare 
manuscripts,  many  of  which  have 
been  published,  and  all  of  which  have 
been  imparted  to  his  fellow  men, 
either  before  historical  societies,  or 
in  printed  form.  He  has  written  a 
number  of  poems  of  great  merit  and 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


115 


is  a  valued  member  of  several  histor- 
ical, genealogical  and  literary  socie- 
ties :  lie  is  president  of  the  Portland 
Public  Library,  the  Maine  Historical 
Society,  a  vice-president  of  the  New 
England  Historic  Genealogical  So- 
ciety of  Boston,  one  of  the  officers  of 
the  American  Antiquarian  Society  of 
Worcester,  Mass.,  a  member  of  the 
Old  Colon}-  Historical  Society,  of 
Taunton,  the  Rhode  Island  Histori- 
cal Society,  The  American  Historical 
Society,  of  Washington,  The  Port- 
land Society  of  Natural  History,  and 
many  others.  His  life  has  been  emi- 
nently successful,  useful  and  honor- 
able and  while  his  political  career 
has  been  extensive,  though  he  has 
never  sought  office,  his  liberal  views 
and  breadth  of  mind  and  depth  of 
character  have  ever  been  apparent. 
He  has  been  twice  married,  namely  : 
to  Sarah  K.  Lewis,  1854,  and  to 
Mehetable  C.  Proctor,  1S73.  His 
children,  in  the  order  of  their  birth, 
are  as  follows:  Florence  L.,  Hartley 
C,  Clinton  L.,  Eugene  R.,  Mabel, 
James  P.,  Junior,  Alba,  Rupert  H., 
Emily  P.,  Percival  P.,  and  Made- 
leine C.  Baxter.  Mr.  Baxter's  city 
residence,  shown  in  the  accompany- 
ing engraving,  is  one  of  Portland's 
most  comfortable  and  hospitable 
homes,  and  is  located  on  Deering 
street,  in  a  fashionable  residence 
quarter.  On  Mackworth  Island,  one 
of  the  most  charming  spots  in  Casco 
Bay,  which  he  owns  entire,  he  also 
possesses  a  magnificent  summer  resi- 
dence. In  1896,  he  showed  his  eye 
for  improving  business  property  by 
the  erection  of  the  Baxter  Memorial 
building,  the  largest  and  finest  block 
for  store  and  office  purposes  in  the 
city,  an  illustration  of  which  is  also 
presented,  in  addition  to  that  of  his 
familiar  face. 


Hon.  William  Widgery  Thomas,  Jr. 

Among  Portland's  noted  men,  W. 
W.  Thomas,  Jr.,  is  one  of  the  fore- 
most. On  December  17,  1897,  he  was 
appointed     by    President    McKinley 


envoy  -  extraordinary  and  minister- 
plenipotentiary  to  Sweden  and  Nor- 
way, his  third  appointment  to  that 
important  foreign  post,  being  con- 
firmed by  the  United  States  Senate 
the  following  day.  Inasmuch  as  no 
minister  of  any  of  the  powers  had 
ever  before  represented  his  country 
thrice  at  Stockholm,  on  the  occasion 
of  his  presentation  of  his  third  letter 
of  credence,  at  the  palace  of  King 
Oscar,  he  was  tendered  a  most  cordial 
and  honorable  reception.  This  well- 
known  diplomat  is  a  native  of  Port- 
land and  a  direct  descendant  of 
George  Cleeve,  the  first  white  settler 
and  governor  of  the  Province  of 
Ligonia.  Born  August  26,  1839,  son 
of  William  Widgery  and  Elizabeth 
White  (Goddard)  Thomas,  he  re- 
ceived his  early  education  in  the 
public  schools  of  this  city,  and  in 
1856  entered  Bowdoin  College,  from 
which  he  graduated  with  highest 
honors  in  i860.  While  at  college, 
and  at  eighteen  years  of  age,  he 
taught  a  winter  district  school  in  a 
little  red  schoolhouse  on  Cape  Eliza- 
beth. After  graduating  from  Bow- 
doin, he  commenced  the  study  of  law, 
but  in  the  spring  of  1862  was  ap- 
pointed a  government  bearer  of  dis- 
patches, and  carried  a  treaty  to 
Turkey.  He  soon  after  became  vice- 
consul  general  at  Constantinople,  and 
later  acting  consul  at  Galatz,  Molda- 
via. On  February  18,  1863,  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln,  one 
of  the  thirty  "  war  consuls  "  of  the 
United  States  and  sent  to  Gothen- 
burg, Sweden,  which  post  he  filled 
until  November  30,  1865,  when  he 
resigned  and  returned  to  Portland. 
For  his  sendees  as  consul  he  received 
from  Secretary  William  H.  Seward, 
"the  special  thanks  of  the  depart- 
ment of  state."  Mr.  Thomas  was 
admitted  to  the  Cumberland  bar  in 
1866,  and  his  natural  ability  as  an 
advocate  soon  gained  him  distinction. 
His  first  three  year's  residence  in 
Sweden  had  already  won  him  the 
regard  of  its  people  ;  and,  having  be- 
come   familiar    with    their   manners 


n6 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


and  customs  and  acquiring  the  Swe- 
dish language,  he  earnestly  and  effec- 
tively advocated  Swedish  immigration 
to    his   native   state.     In    1870,     the 
Maine  legislature  authorized  his  plan 
for  this  purpose  to  be  executed,  and 
he   was   appointed  commissioner    of 
immigration.     Immediately    visiting 
Sweden,    he    recruited    a    colony    of 
fifty-one  Swedes,  returned  with  them 
over     the 
o  c  e  a    11  , 
sailed    with 
them  up  the 
St.     John 
river  in  flat- 
boats,    and, 
on  July   23, 
1870,  found- 
ed the  pros- 
perous   set- 
tlement     of 
' '  New  Swe- 
den "  in  our 
p  r  i  m  £e  v  a  1 
forests.   For 
nearly    four 
years  he  re- 
mained with 
his    protege' 
pioneers  un- 
til   the  suc- 
cess  of   the 
new    colony 
was        as- 
sured.       In 
1873,  he  was 
elected      to 
the     s  t  ate 
1  e  g  i  slature 
from      Port- 
land and  re- 
elected   the 
two    follow- 
ing years, both  of  the  latter  terms  being 
speaker  of  the    house.     In  1875,  he 
was  president  of  the  Maine  State  Re- 
publican  convention.      In    1879,    he 
was   elected    to   the    Senate,    and  in 
1880,  was  a  delegate  to  the  memora- 
ble Republican   National  Convention 
at  Chicago,  that  nominated  Garfield. 
He  was  first  appointed  minister  resi- 
dent to  Sweden  and  Norway  in  June, 


1883,  by  President  Arthur,  and  re- 
sided at  Stockholm  as  such  until 
after  the  close  of  Arthur's  adminis- 
tration. Mr.  Thomas  has  passed 
into  history  as  the  first  minister  to 
Sweden  to  address  the  king  in  Swe- 
dish language,  the  first  to  hoist  the 
American  flag  at  Stockholm,  and  the 
first  to  effectively  assist  in  the  estab- 
lishment of    a  direct  steamship  line 

between 
this  country 
and  Swe- 
den. In 
1887,  Mr. 
T  h  o  m  a  s 
again  visi- 
ted Sweden 
and  married 
Miss  Dag- 
mar  Torne- 
b  1  ad  h,  a 
Swedish 
lady  of  no- 
ble birth. 
In  March, 
1 889,  he  was 
again  ap- 
p  o  i  11  t.e  d 
minister  to 
Sweden  and 
Norway, 
this  time  by 
President 
Harrison, 
and  w  e  1- 
comed  back 
to  the 
Northland 
with  distin- 
guished 
honors. 
During  his 
second  term 
he  assisted  in  the  appointment  of  a 
Swedish  jurist  as  chief  justice  of 
Samoa,  under  the  treaty  of  Berlin  ; 
and  was  also  instrumental  in  the  ap- 
pointment of  a  Norwegian  statesman 
as  a  member  of  the  Paris  Tribunal  of 
Arbitration,  on  the  fur  seal-fishery 
question  of  Behring  Sea,  between  the 
United  States  and  Great  Britain. 
His  successful  efforts  in  behalf  of  the 


HON.    W.    W.    THOMAS,   JR. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


117 


reduction  of  duties  on  American 
products,  notably  grain  and  pork,  the 
abatement  of  duty  on  which  was  fifty 
percent.,  have  been  of  great  impor- 
tance to  American  commerce.  In 
consequence  of  Mr.  Thomas'  sugges- 
tion to  the  department  of  state,  he 
commenced  in  1890  the  negotiations 
which  resulted  in  the  full  and  satis- 
factory extradition  treaties  of  1893, 
between  the  United  States  and  Swe- 
den and  Norway.  On  Sunday  after- 
noon, September  14,  1890,  it  fell  to 
Minister  Thomas  to  take  part  in  an 
historical  international  event.  On 
the  deck  of  the  United  States  ship-of- 
war  "  Baltimore,"  lying  in  the  har- 
bor of  Stockholm,  the  honored  remains 
of  John  Ericsson,  the  inventor  of  the 
Monitor,  were  delivered  by  Mr. 
Thomas,  representing  America,  in  an 
eloquent  address,  to  the  king  and 
people  of  Sweden.  The  crew  of  the 
Baltimore  stood  with  uncovered 
heads,  the  flag  of  the  king  was  low- 
ered to  half  mast  on  the  palace,  both 
sides  of  the  harbor  were  crowded  with 
a  multitude  of  people  greater  than 
Stockholm  had  ever  seen  before,  and 
minute  guns  were  fired  from  both 
ship  and  shore.  Upon  being  recalled 
in  1894  by  President  Cleveland,  King 
Oscar,  at  his  farewell  audience,  pre- 
sented Minister  Thomas  with  a  mag- 
nificent life-size  oil  portrait  personally 
inscribed  to  him.  Mr.  Thomas  also 
possesses  a  portrait  of  the  Emperor 
of  Germany,  presented  in  1893  by  the 
emperor,  to  use  his  own  words, 
"as  a  token  of  personal  sympathy 
and  a  souvenir  of  the  personal  meet- 
ing with  you  on  the  Hunneberg 
hunt."  The  painting  is  inscribed  by 
the  emperor's  hand,  "  Wilhelm,  Im- 
perator,  Rex."  Upon  Mr.  Thomas' 
return  again  to  his  native  land,  he 
delivered  lectures  on  Sweden  and 
the  Swedes  in  more  than  fifty  cities 
and  towns,  and  throughout  sixteen 
different  states.  His  eloquence  as  a 
public  speaker,  both  on  the  stump 
and  lecture  platform,  and  his  talent 
as  a  writer  are  widely  known.  His 
great  historical  work,  "  Sweden  and 


the  Swedes,"  has  been  printed  in 
both  America  and  Sweden,  and  in 
both  the  English  and  Swedish  lan- 
guages. The  book  has  met  with  a 
flattering  reception  and  large  sale 
on  both  sides  the  Atlantic,  and  is 
characterized  by  the  Swedish  Official 
Gazette  as  the  "  most  correct  and  at 
at  the  same  time  the  most  genial  de- 
scription of  Sweden  and  its  people 
ever  published  in  any  language."  It 
has  been  truthfully  said  that  no  other 
American  has  ever  acquired  a  more 
intimate  knowlege  of  Sweden  and  its 
people,  or  accomplished  more  in  their 
interest,  with  tongue  and  pen,  than 
he.  His  active  canvass  and  effective 
work, throughout  the  West  and  North- 
west, in  the  campaign  of  1896,  during 
which  time  he  spoke  in  both  Swedish 
and  English,  was  of  great  service  to 
the  Republican  party,  with  which  he 
has  ever  been  affiliated.  Minis- 
ter Thomas  and  his  Swedish  wife  now 
occupy  one  of  the  most  elegant  resi- 
dences at  Stockholm,  fronting  the 
North  Stream,  and  directly  opposite 
the  Royal  Palace.  A  tall  flag-staff, 
from  which  floats  the  American  flag, 
rises  above  the  roof  of  this  residence, 
while  within  its  walls  is  displayed  a 
genuine  American  hospitality.  Here 
Washington's  birthday  of  this  year 
(1899)  was  celebrated  by  a  grand 
ball,  one  of  the  most  brilliant  events 
of  the  season,  opened  by  the  Crown 
Prince  and  Mrs.  Thomas.  As  a  law- 
yer, legislator,  founder  of  a  colony, 
orator  and  author,  Mr.  Thomas' 
name  will  be  long  remembered  in  this 
country  and  Sweden.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Maine  Historical  Societv, 
Swedish  Geographical  Society,  His 
Majesty  King  Oscar's  Shooting  Club, 
Royal  Swedish  Yacht  Club,  the  Idun, 
a  Swedish  literary  club,  the  Fratern- 
ity Club,  of  Portland,  and  one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Portland  Yacht  Club. 


The  Late  Neal  Dow. 


Neal  Dow,  son  of  Josiah  and 
Dorcas  (Allen)  Dow,  was  born  in 
Portland,   March  20,    1804,   and  died 


n8 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


in  the  city  of  his  birth,  October  2, 
1897.  The  story  of  his  life  has  often 
been  told,  and  needs  no  repetition 
here.  It  is  an  important  part  of  the 
history  of  the  nineteenth  century. 
Naturally  careful  and  methodical, 
quick  to  forecast  the  signs  of  the 
times,  his  devotion  to  commercial  or 
professional  pursuits  would  have 
assured  for  him  success  in  a  race  for 
wealth  or 
position  ; 
but  he  had 
a  higher 
mission. 
Early  in  life 
he  saw  and 
compre- 
hended the 
evils  of  in- 
temperance, 
and  thence- 
forth his 
time  and  his 
talents  were 
devoted  to 
untiring 
work  in  the 
cause  of  hu- 
manity  . 
With  voice 
and  pen,  by 
precept  and 
example,  he 
fought  the 
good  fight 
down  to  the 
last  hour  of 
a  long  and 
busy  life. 
His  pride  in 
the  town  of 
his  nativity 

was  with  him  almost  a  passion,  and 
no  man  did  more  to  make  Portland  a 
city  known  in  every  corner  of  the 
civilized  world.  He  was  a  constant 
and  discriminating  reader.  He  was 
an  orator  of  convincing  eloquence, 
and  a  writer  of  attractive  force.  His 
statesmanship  rested  far  below  the 
surface,  upon  the  solid  foundation  of 
eternal  truth.  His  philanthropy 
knew  no  bounds,  and  will  be  fruitful 


THE    LATE   GEN.    NEAL   DOW. 


of  good  through  all  ages  to  come. 
As  a  patriot,  he  offered  himself  upon 
the  altar  of  his  country  and  suffered 
with  others  in  the  cause  of  liberty. 
His  was  an  example  of  a  sound  mind 
in  a  sound  body.  He  was  consistent 
in  his  daily  walk  and  conversation, 
conforming  his  life  to  the  precepts  of 
purity  and  temperance,  which  he 
taught.     He  was   no  idle  dreamer  or 

visionary 
seeker 
among  the 
stars  for  the 
impossible, 
and  al- 
though cast 
in  an  an- 
tique mold, 
he  was  a 
worthy  rep- 
resentative 
of  virile 
American- 
ism. He 
was  a  natur- 
al leader  of 
men,  but  so 
clearly  did 
he  see  his 
way,  so  un- 
selfish was 
his  fealty  to 
duty,  and  so 
courage  o  us 
was  he  in 
confronting 
opposition 
that  he 
could  not 
tolerate 
cowardice 
or  hesitation 
in  others.  His  rallying  cry  was  al- 
ways, "Come,"  and  the  man  who 
kept  even  step  with  him,  found  him- 
self where  the  fighting  was  most 
stubborn.  With  him  right  was  right; 
there  was  no  compromise.  He 
struck,  as  he  received,  hard  blows, 
but  always  without  personal  ill-will, 
and  that  antagonist  must  needs  be 
wrapped  in  proof  who  did  not  in  the 
end    feel    the   prick   of    Neal    Dow's 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


119 


truth-tempered  lanee  through  the 
vulnerable  joints  of  his  armor.  That 
Neal  Dow  was  honored  abroad  and 
in  distant  states,  is  not  a  matter  for 
wonder  ;  that  he  was  doubly  honored 
at  home,  proves  conclusively  the 
manner  of  man  he  was. 


Col.  F.  N.  Dow. 

One  who  has  long  been  prominent 
in  the  affairs 
of  Portland, 
is  Colonel 
Frederick 
Neal  Dow, 
son  of  Gen- 
eral Neal 
Dow.  He 
is  a  man  of 
marked  ex- 
e  c  u  t  i  v  e 
ability  and 
an  untiring 
worker,  and 
in  all  mat- 
t  e  r  s  in 
which  he 
has  taken 
an  interest, 
has  been 
promi  nent 
and  influen- 
tial.  He 
has  long 
been  inter- 
est e  d  in 
political  af- 
fairs. Al- 
mo  s  t  as 
soon  as  he 
arrived      at 


mans      es- 
tate, he  was 

made  a  member  of  the  city  govern- 
ment and  of  the  school  committee, 
and  has  ever  since  been  a  prominent 
factor  in  city  and  state  politics.  He 
was  for  years  a  member  of  the  Re- 
publican State  Committee,  succeed- 
ing to  the  chairmanship  upon  the 
retirement  of  James  G.  Blaine,  in 
which  position  he  was  acknowledged 
by    both    friends    and    opponents    to 


COL.    F.    N.    DOW. 


be  one  of  the  ablest  political  organ- 
izers the  state  has  ever  produced. 
He  has  been  a  member  and  the  chair- 
man of  the  executive  council  of  the 
state,  serving  in  that  capacity  under 
Governors  Perham  and  Dingley.  As 
a  member  of  the  legislature,  he  served 
one  term  upon  the  judiciary  commit- 
tee and  one  term  as  speaker  for  which 
position  he  was  unanimously  nomi- 
nated.    He  has  also  served  twice  as 

collector  of 
the  port  of 
Portland, 
having  been 
appointed  to 
that  posi- 
tion first  by 
President 
Arthur,  and 
second  by 
President 
Harri  son, 
his  appoint- 
ment this 
time  being 
i  n  s  t  a  n  t  ly 
co  n  fi  r  m  e  d 
by  the  sen- 
ate, contra- 
ry to  usual 
custom, 
without  ref- 
erence to  a 
com  mi  ttee. 
He  has  been 
repeatedly 
and  influ- 
entially 
urged  to  be- 
come a  can- 
didate for 
mayor  of 
Portland 
and  for  governor  of  Maine,  but  has 
never  been  willing  to  permit  the  use 
of  his  name,  when  it  would  interfere 
with  the  aspirations  any  friend  of  his 
might  cherish  for  either  place.  Col- 
onel Dow  is  a  man  of  extensive  pri- 
vate business  interests,  and  beside,  is 
connected  with  the  management  of 
many  corporations.  He  is  president 
of  the  Evening  Express  Publishing 


120 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Co.,  and  of  the  Portland  Building  and 
Loan  Asso.  He  is  a  director  of  the 
Portland  Gas  Light  Co.,  of  the  Union 
Safety  Deposit  &  Trust  Co.,  of  the 
Caseo  National  Bank,  of  the  Mercan- 
tile Trust  Co.,  of  the  Commercial  Un- 
ion Telegraph  Co.,  of  the  Casco  Bay 
Steamboat  Company,  and  was  a 
director  of  the  Portland  &  Ogdens- 
burg  railroad.  He  is  also  president 
of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  Maine 
Eye  and 
Ear  In- 
firmary. 


^  Hon. 
F  r  e  d  e  rick 
Robie. 

Frederick 
Robie  was 
born  in 
Gorham, 
Maine, 
August  12, 
1822.  He 
attended 
the  public 
schools  of 
his  native 
town,  and 
took  the 
college 
prepara- 
tory course 
at  Gorham 
Ac  a  demy. 
E n  tering 
B  o  wd  o  in 
college  in 
1837,  he 
wasgradu- 
a  t  e  d  in 
1 84 1.  Dur- 
ing the  year  of  his  graduation,  he 
held  the  principalship  of  academies 
in  Georgia  and  Florida.  His  success 
as  a  teacher  was  all  that  could  be 
desired,  but  he  decided  to  study 
medicine,  and  entered  Jefferson  Med- 
ical College  in  Philadelphia,  receiv- 
ing the  degree  of  M.  D.  from  that 
institution  in  1844.  In  April,  1S44, 
he    opened    an    office    in     Biddeford, 


HON.    FREDERICK    ROBIE. 


Maine,  remaining  there  until  May, 
1855,  when  he  removed  to  Waldo- 
boro,  where  for  three  years  he  had  a 
lucrative  practice.  He  then  decided 
to  settle  in  his  native  town.  In  1861, 
he  wras  a  member  of  Governor  Wash- 
burn's executive  council,  and  at  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  ad- 
ditional paymaster  of  United  States 
volunteers.     He  at  once  resigned  his 

position  on 
the  gov- 
e  r  n  o  r  '  s 
co  uncil, 
and  e  n- 
tered  upon 
the  dis- 
charge of 
h  is  n  e  \\r 
duties.  In 
1863,  he 
was  sta- 
tioned at 
Boston  as 
chief  pay- 
master of 
the  De- 
pa  r  t  m  ent 
of  New 
England' 
and  early 
in  1864 
was  trans- 
f erre  d  to 
the  D  e  - 
partm  ent 
oftheGulf. 
At  the 
close  of  the 
war,  Pay- 
in  a  s  t  e  r 
Robie  was 
ordered  to 
Maine  to  superintend  the  final  pay- 
ment of  soldiers  from  this  state.  His 
sen-ices  earned  for  him  the  brevet 
rank  of  lieutenant  colonel.  In  1866 
and  1867,  he  was  a  member  of  the 
Maine  senate  ;  in  1866,  he  was 
appointed  special  agent  of  the  treas- 
ury department,  and  from  1868  to 
1873,  was  a  member  of  the  Republi- 
can State  Committee.     Ten  times  he 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


represented  his  town  in  the  lower 
branch  of  the  state  legislature,  being 
speaker  of  that  body  in  1872  and 
1876.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the 
executive  councils  of  three  governors, 
Washburn,  Davis  and  Plaisted.  In 
1878,  he  was  one  of  the  commission- 
ers to  the  Paris  Exposition,  and  dur- 
ing that  year  traveled  extensively  in 
Europe.  In  1882,  he  was  elected 
worthy  master  of  the  state  grange 
and  was  re- 
elected for 
eight  s  u  c- 
c  e  s  s  i  v  e 
vears.  I  n 
'1882,  he 
was  elected 
governor  of 
Maine,  and 
again  elect- 
ed by  an 
increased 
majority  in 
1884.  In 
1899,  the 
Depart  ment 
of  Maine, 
Grand  Ar- 
my of  the 
Re  public, 
chose  Gov- 
ernor Robie 
as  their  de- 
partment 
commander. 
He  is  presi- 
dent of  the 
First  N  a- 
tional  bank 
of  Portland, 
and  is  a  di- 
rector and 
member     of 

the  finance  committee  of  the  Union 
Mutual  L,ife  Insurance  Company, 
and  director  in  many  substantial 
business  corporations.  He  was  mar- 
ried Nov.  27,  1847,  to  Olivia  M.  Priest, 
of  Biddeford,  who  died  in  1898. 


HON.    FRED   E.    RICHARDS. 


other  man  in  Maine  holds  more  im- 
portant financial  positions  than  Hon. 
Fred  E.  Richards,  and  his  name  invol- 
untarily brings  up  visions  of  enter- 
prises and  transactions  broad  and 
complete  in  their  scope.  For  years  he 
has  been  an  active  participant  in  the 
expansive  business  life  of  Portland, but 
before  his  removal  to  this  city,  and  the 
establishment  of  the  banking  firm  of 
F.  E.  Richards  &  Co.,  he  had  a  suc- 
cessful busi- 
ness and 
political 
career.  He 
had  been  in 
the  shipping 
b  u  s  in  e  ss, 
member  of 
the  legisla- 
ture from 
the  town  of 
Camden, 
member  of 
the  councils 
of  Governor 
Dingle}-  and 
Governor 
Connor, 
state  land 
agent,  trus- 
tee of  the 
Maine  In- 
sane Asy- 
lum, and 
twice  state 
bank  exam- 
iner, by  the 
appoint- 
m  ents  of 
both  Gov- 
ernors Davis 
and  Robie. 
Soon  after 
he  was  chosen 
Maine    Central 


Hon.  Fred  E.  Richards. 


It   is   without  doubt  true  that    no 


coming  to  Portland, 
fiscal  agent  of  the 
Railroad,  in  which  position  he  made 
a  noteworthy  record.  In  1890,  he 
was  appointed  fiscal  agent  of  the 
Portland  &  Rumford  Falls  Railway, 
conducting  the  financial  affairs  of 
that  road  up  to  the  time  of  his  retir- 
ing from  the  banking  business  three 
years     later.       Mr.      Richards     was 


122 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


HON.  GEORGE  P.  WESCOTT. 


RESIDENCE  OF  HON.  GEORGE  P.  WESCOTT. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


123 


instrumental  in  establishing  the  Port- 
land National  Bank  in  1SS9,  and  was 
elected  its  president,  which  office  he 
now  holds.  On  Nov.  1,  1893,  he  was 
called  to  the  management  and  presi- 
dency of  the  Union  Mutual  Life 
Insurance  Company,  of  Portland,  an 
institution  in  which  the  people  of 
Portland  and  of  Maine  take  partic- 
ular pride.  In  1894,  on  the  formation 
of  the  Un- 
ion Safe 
Deposit  & 
Trust 
Company  , 
he  was  en- 
trusted 
with  the 
presidency 
of  that  in- 
stitution. 
In  a  d di- 
tion  to  the 
com  mand- 
ing  posi- 
tions held 
by  Mr. 
Ric  hards 
in  the 
above  in- 
stitution s  , 
he  is  con- 
n  e  c  t  e  d 
with  the 
manage- 
ment of  the 
Rockland  , 
Th  o  m  a  s  - 
ton  &  Cam- 
den Street 
Railway, 
and  with 
the  Knox 
Gas      & 

Electric  Company,  of  Rockland.  He 
is  a  director  of  the  Portland  &  Rum- 
ford  Falls  Railway,  the  Limerick 
National  Bank,  of  Limerick,  Rock- 
land Trust  Company,  of  Rockland, 
Camden  and  Rockland  Water  Com- 
pany, Rockland  Building  Syndicate, 
York  Heat  &  Light  Company,  of 
Biddeford,  Rumford  Falls  Water  & 
Light  Company,  Bar  Harbor  Electric 


Light  Company,  and  the  Athol 
Water  Company,  of  Athol,  Mass. 
Whatever  may  have  been  the  finan- 
cial institution  with  which  he  has 
been  connected,  his  keen  business 
instinct  and  foresight  have  secured 
for  him  a  high  position  in  the  coun- 
cils of  the  management,  and  his 
name  is  regarded  as  a  synonym  of 
strict   business   integrity  and    sound 

financial 
methods. 


HON.    CHAS.    SUMNER   COOK. 


Hon.  Chas. 

Sumner 

Cook. 

This  well 
known  cit- 
izen was 
born  in 
Portland, 
Maine, 
Novem  ber 
18,  1858. 
His  father, 
the  late 
Ob  adiah 
G.  Cook, 
was  then 
clerk  of 
courts  for 
Cumber- 
land coun- 
ty, to 
which 
office  he 
had  been 
elected  in 
the  fall  of 
1854,  and 
re-elected 
in  1857. 
His  moth- 
er was  Christiana  S.  (Perry)  Cook, 
the  youngest  sister  of  the  late  Hon. 
John  J.  Perry.  Mr.  Cook  was  fitted 
for  college  in  the  common  schools  of 
Harrison,  to  which  town  his  father 
had  removed  in  1861,  and  in  the 
Nichols  Latin  School,  of  Lewiston, 
and  graduated  from  Bates  College, 
with  honors,  in  1881.  He  became 
principal  of  the  Waldoboro,    Maine, 


124 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


High  School  in  the  spring  of  1882, 
and  taught  there  one  year.  He  after- 
wards commenced  the  study  of  law  in 
his  father's  office  in  Harrison,  and  in 
the  fall  of  1884,  entered  the  law  office 
of  Symonds  &  Libby  at  Portland, 
and  there  continued  his  legal  studies, 
being  admitted  to  the  Cumberland 
Bar  in  October,  1886.  Since  that 
time  he  has  been  in  the  active  prac- 
tice of  his  profession  in  Portland.  In 
1 89 1,  he  formed  a  business  associa- 
tion with  Hon.  Joseph  W.  Symonds, 
which  contin- 
ued until  the 
formation,  with 
David  W. 
Snow,  Esq.,  in 
April,  1892,  of 
the  firm  of 
Symonds, 
Snow  &  Cook. 
This  firm  has 
always  enjoyed 
a  large  busi- 
ness, and  has 
a  wide  reputa- 
tion as  one  of 
the  leading 
law  firms  of 
the  state.  Mr. 
Cook  has  been 
more  than  or- 
dinarily suc- 
cessful as  a 
lawyer,  and 
from  his  asso- 
ciations and 
ability  has  had 
the  handling 
of    larger    and 

more  important  cases  than  usually 
fall  to  the  lot  of  young  men  of  his 
profession.  In  politics  Mr.  Cook  has 
always  been  a  Republican  and  an 
active  and  influential  member  of  the 
party.  He  was  president  of  the 
Young  Men's  Republican  Club  in 
1 89 1,  and  was  chairman  of  the  Cum- 
berland County  Republican  Conven- 
tion in  1892.  At  the  opening  of  the 
last  session  of  the  legislature,  he  was 
elected  member  of  the  governor's 
council    from    the    second  councillor 


district.  Mr.  Cook  is  a  member  of 
Ancient  Landmark  Lodge,  F.  &.  A. 
M.;  the  Cumberland  Club,  and  the 
Portland  Athletic  Club  ;  and  is  presi- 
dent of  Prince's  Express  Company. 
He  was  married  October  23,  1889,  to 
Miss  Annie  Jefferds  Reed,  daughter 
of  Hon.  Isaac  Reed,  late  of  Waldo- 
boro,  Maine.  He  has  two  children  : 
Lydia  Macdonald,  born  January  26, 
1892,  and  Robinson  Cook,  born 
January  30,  1895. 


Hon,    Percival 
Bonney. 


HON.    PERCIVAL   BONNEY. 


Judge  Per- 
cival Bonney 
was  born  in 
Minot,  Maine, 
Sept.  24,  1842. 
After  attend- 
ing the  public 
schools  in  his 
native  town, 
he  fitted  for 
college  at  He- 
bron Academy 
and  the  Maine 
S  t  a  te  Semi- 
nary in  Lewis- 
ton,  and  en- 
tered Water- 
ville  College 
(now  Colby) 
in  1859,  grad- 
uating in  1863. 
During  his  col- 
lege course  he 
taught  school 
in  the  town  of 
Turner,  and  in  Bucksport  after  grad- 
uation. While  teaching  school  in 
the  town  of  Bucksport,  he  received  an 
appointment  as  clerk  in  the  United 
States  treasury  department  in  Wash- 
ington, where  he  remained  from 
November,  1863,  to  May,  1865,  when 
he  returned  to  Maine  and  became  a 
student  in  the  law  office  of  Hon.  Jo- 
siah  H.  Drummond,  in  Portland.  In 
August,  1866,  he  was  admitted  to  the 
bar  and  at  once  began  practice  in 
Bath.        In     November,      1866,      he 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


125 


removed     to     Portland,     where     he 
opened  an  office,  and,  in  April,  1867, 
formed  a  partnership  with  Daniel  G. 
Harriman,  which  continued  until  Sep- 
tember, 186S.     In  December,  1869,  a 
partnership  with    Stanley  T.   Pullen 
was   formed.     This    continued    until 
March,    1872,  after  which    time    Mr. 
Bonney  continued  in  practice  alone, 
until    Oct.    7,    1878,  when  Governor 
Connor  appointed  him  to  a  position 
on  the  bench 
of  the  supe- 
rior    court, 
to     succeed 
Judge     Jos- 
eph W.  Sy- 
monds.      In 
this     posi- 
tion,   which 
he        still 
holds,       his 
quick      per- 
ceptive  fac- 
ulties     and 
his     highly 
developed 
sense      of 
right       and 
justice  have 
gained      for 
him  the  re- 
spect,   not 
only        of 
members   of 
th  e    legal 
profession, 
but     of     all 
with    whom 
he  has  come 
in     contact. 
He  is  a   di- 
rector of  the 
Union    Mu- 
tual   Life    Insurance    Company,    the 
Westbrook  Trust  Company,  and  the 
Union  Safe  Deposit  and  Trust  Com- 
pany.    He  has  been  a  member  of  the 
board  of  trustees  of  Colby  since  1876, 
was  secretary  of  the  board  from  1878 
to    1893,    and   since    1881,  has  been 
treasurer   of   the  institution.      Since 
1877  he  has  been  a  trustee  of  Hebron 
academy,   and   president  since   1880. 


In  the  management  and  development 
of  that  institution  of  learning,  he  has 
been,  and  is,  a  leading  spirit.  He 
was  a  president  of  the  Maine  Baptist 
Missionary  Convention  from  1892  to 
1894.  In  politics  Judge  Bonney  has 
always  been  a  Republican.  In  1869, 
he  was  elected  representative  to  the 
legislature  from  Portland,  and  was 
reelected  in  1870.  He  is  a  member 
of   the    Fraternity    Club,   the    Maine 

Historical 
Society,  and 
of  the  Phi 
Beta  Kappa 
of  Colby. 
Judge  Bon- 
ney was 
married 
August  5, 
1  8  64,  to 
Eli  zabeth 
H.  Bray,  of 
Turner, 
Maine. 


Hon.     John 

Howard 

Hill. 


HON.    JOHN    HOWARD   HILL. 


The  judge 
of  the  muni- 
cipal court 
of  Portland, 
John  How- 
ard Hill, 
was  born  in 
Liming  ton, 
York  Coun- 
ty, Me.,  No- 
v  e  m  b  e  r 
25,  1864. 
When  he 
was  six 
months  old,  his  parents  removed  to 
this  city,  remaining  in  Portland  until 
1876,  when  they  returned  to  Litning- 
ton.  On  the  home  place  in  the  vil- 
lage, the  subject  of  this  sketch, 
therefore,  spent  a  large  part  of  his 
boyhood,  and  amid  healthy  surround- 
ings developed  a  strong  constitution 
and  good  morals.  He  obtained  his 
early  education  in  the  public  schools 


126 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


of  Portland,  afterwards  attending 
and  fitting  for  college  at  Limington 
Academy.  He  entered  Dartmouth 
College  in  1883,  graduating  with 
honors,  in  the  class  of  '87.  He  was 
given  a  class  part  by  his  class,  deliv- 
ering the  "Address  to  the  President." 
His  first  year  out  of  college  he  devot- 
ed to  teaching,  serving  as  principal 
of  the  Ivimerick  High  School.  Decid- 
ing to  enter  the  legal  profession,  he 
commenced  to  read  law  in  the  office 
of  Hon.  Henry 
B.  Cleaves,  and 
two  years  later, 
at  the  April 
term  of  court, 
1890,  he  was 
admitted  to  the 
bar.  He  imme- 
diate 1  y  co  ni- 
menced  the 
practice  of  his 
profession,  soon 
building  up  a 
reputation  and  a 
lucrative  client- 
age, and  has 
ever  since  been 
located  in  this 
city.  In  1894, 
he  was  a  Repub- 
lican candidate 
for  the  Maine 
House  of  Rep- 
re  sent  atives, 
and  was  elected. 
Upon  taking  his 
seat,  he  became 
an  active  mem- 
ber,      looking 

well  after  the  interests  of  this  city, 
and  serving  on  the  important  com- 
mittee of  legal  affairs,  and  was  also 
chairman  of  the  library  committee. 
His  creditable  work  at  his  first  ses- 
sion was  followed  by  his  re-election  in 
1896,  when  he  was  made  chairman 
of  the  committee  on  legal  affairs. 
Upon  the  announcement  of  the  retire- 
ment of  Judge  Robinson,  the  fitness 
of  Mr.  Hill  as  his  successor  for  judge 
of  the  municipal  court,  was  so 
generally    conceded,     that     he    was 


appointed  to  the  office  by  Governor 
Powers,  March  2,  1899,  confirmed  by 
the  governor's  council  at  the  expira- 
tion of  seven  days,  as  provided  by 
law,  and  took  his  seat  March  10. 
His  equitable  decisions  as  judge  of 
the  municipal  court,  have  won 
him  the  confidence  of  the  members  of 
the  bar,  with  whom  he  was  always 
popular.  That  he  fills  this  important 
office  not  only  with  dignity  and 
grace,  but  with  the  commendable 
spirit  of  fairness 
which  charac- 
terized his  pre- 
decessor, are 
facts  admitted 
by  all.  Judge 
Hill  is  a  promi- 
nent member  of 
the  I.  O.  O.  F. 
and  Knights  of 
Pythias,  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Port- 
land Club  and 
the  Portland 
Golf  Club.  He 
w  a  s  married 
June  14,  1894, 
to  Miss  Grace 
Julia  Nash,  and 
has  one  child, 
John  W.  Hill, 
born  November 
2,  1895. 


Colonel 
H.  S.  Osgood. 


COLONEL   H.    S.    OSGOOD 


This  well 
known  resident 
of  Portland,  and  manager  of  the 
American  Express  Company  in  this 
city,  was  born  in  North  Yarmouth, 
Me.,  Nov.  17,  1834.  His  ancestors 
were  among  the  early  settlers  of 
Massachusetts  and  came  from  Eng- 
land. He  was  educated  in  the  acad- 
emies of  North  Yarmouth,  Bethel 
and  Bridgton,  Me.,  graduating  from 
the  Bridgton  Academy  in  1856.  After 
obtaining  a  liberal  education,  he 
taught  in  the  public  schools,  until 
1857,    when  he  first  commenced  his 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


127 


successful  career  in  the  express  busi- 
ness. After  having  conducted  busi- 
ness for  several  years  with  a  partner 
in  Augusta,  in  1863  he  became 
interested  in  the  Eastern  Express 
Company,  formed  in  1859.  Of 
this  company  he  became  a  large 
owner,  and  when  the  business  was 
sold  to  the  American  Express  Com- 
pany, Mr.  Osgood  remained  as  resi- 
dent manager,  which  office  he  has 
ever  since  held.  He  is  president 
and  one  of  the 
founders  of  the 
Portland  and 
Casco  Eoan  and 
Building  Asso- 
ciation ;  a  direc- 
tor of  the  Chap- 
m  a  11  National 
Bank;  the 
Evening  E  x- 
press  Publish- 
ing Co.,  and 
several  other 
corporations. 
He  was  also  for 
nine  years  treas- 
urer of  the 
Maine  State 
Agricultural  So- 
ciety. While  a 
resident  of  Au- 
gusta, he  served 
in  the  city  gov- 
ernment as  a 
member  of  the 
common  council 
and  also  the 
board  of  alder- 
men.      Under 

President  Grant,  he  served  as  a 
United  States  revenue  officer.  He 
was  also  a  member  of  the  staff  of 
Gov.  Coburn,  with  a  rank  of  lieuten- 
ant-colonel. Besides  being  active  in 
all  public  matters,  he  is  prominent  in 
state  politics,  and  a  staunch  Repub- 
lican. He  is  a  valued  member  of  the 
Portland  Board  of  Trade,  and  also  of 
the  Portland  Club  and  the  Portland 
Athletic  Club.  The  growth  of  the 
American  Express  Company's  busi- 
ness of  this  city,  comprising  in  volume 


not  less  than  ten  times  the  amount  of 
any  other  city  in  the  state,  reflects 
credit  on  the  company's  resident 
manager.  His  careful  consideration 
of  the  interests  of  customers,  has  won 
him  the  confidence  of  the  business 
community,  and  done  no  little  to  in- 
crease the  business  to  its  present  im- 
mense proportions.  Col.  Osgood  is 
popular  in  both  business  and  social 
circles.  He  was  married  Dec.  15, 
1859,  to  Miss  Eliza  Frances  Sawin, 
of  Augusta. 
They  have  one 
son,  Wallace 
Chase  Osgood, 
of  the  Portland 
Evening  Ex- 
press. 


Hon.  Edward  C. 
Reynolds. 


HON.    EDWARD   C.    REYNOLDS 


South  Port- 
land's mayor, 
Hon.  Edward 
Clayton  Rey- 
nolds, was  born 
in  Brain  tree, 
Mass.,  Nov.  15, 
1856.  When  he 
was  five  years 
old,  his  parents 
removed  to  Cape 
Elizabeth.  He 
received  his  ed- 
ucation in  the 
common  and 
high  schools  of 
Cape  Elizabeth, 
and  the  Port- 
land Business  College.  In  1874,  he 
taught  in  that  business  college,  and 
again  during  the  school  year  of  1877- 
78.  After  studying  law  two  years, 
and  being  admitted  to  the  bar  in  Jan- 
uary, 1880,  he  commenced  practice 
in  Portland,  where  he  has  since  re- 
mained. In  1884-86,  while  holding  a 
government  position,  he  took  a  post- 
graduate course  at  Georgetown  Uni- 
versity Law  School,  Washington, 
D .  C . ,  from  which  school  he  received 
the   degree   of   master  of  laws.     He 


128 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


was  admitted  to  the  United  States 
circuit  court  in  1890.  As  well  as 
winning  a  high  reputation  as  an 
attorney,  Mr.  Reynolds  has  many 
times  been  honored  by  election  to 
public  office.  He  served  on  the 
school  committee  of  Cape  Elizabeth 
from  1879  to  1882,  and  again  from 
18S8  to  1 89 1.  He  was  elected  regis- 
ter of  probate  for  Cumberland  County 
in  1888,  and 
re-elected  in 
1892,  serv- 
ing  two 
terms  of 
four  years 
each.  In 
1896,  he  was 
elected  to 
r  e  p  r  e  s  ent 
Cumber- 
land County 
in  the  state 
senate,  and 
re-elected  in 

1898.  Dur- 
ing his  last 
term  in  the 
senate,  he 
was  chair- 
man of  the 
legal  affairs 
and  military 
affairs  com- 
mittees.   In 

1899,  he  was 
shown  the 
e  s  t  e  em  in 
which  he  is 
held  in 
South  Port- 
land, where 
he  has  re- 
sided from  boyhood,  by  being  chosen 
the  first  mayor  of  that  newly  incor- 
ported  city,  being  the  nominee  of  all 
parties.  He  is  president  of  the  Maine 
State  Relief  Association,  Portland 
Club,  Portland,  Me.,  Past  Chancellors 
Association,  and  Cape  Elizabeth 
Soldiers  and  Sailors  Monument  Asso- 
ciation, a  director  in  and  attorney  for 
the  Cumberland  Loan  &  Building 
Association,  a  director  in  the  Union 


Safe  Deposit  and  Trust  Co.,  a  member 
of  the  Maine  Genealogical  Society, 
the  Cumberland  and  Maine  Bar  Asso- 
ciations, is  a  Knight  Templar,  Mason, 
and  a  member  of  the  Knights  of 
Pythias,  in  which  order  he  has  held 
the  highest  office  in  the  state.  Mr. 
Reynolds  is  a  frequent  speaker  on 
public  occasions,  and  as  such  espec- 
ially in  demand  in  Pythian   circles. 


James     M. 
Thompson. 


JAMES    M.    THOMPSON 


The  treas- 
urer  of 
Cumber- 
land Coun- 
ty, James 
Mariner 
Thompson, 
was  born  in 
Auburn, 
Maine,  in 
r842.  He 
is  descended 
from  old 
New  Eng- 
land stock, 
his  ances- 
tors remov- 
ing to  Maine 
from  Cape 
Ann  before 
the  Revolu- 
tion. He 
obtained  his 
edu  cation 
in  the 
com  m  o  n 
and  high 
schools. 
At  the  out- 
break of  the  civil  war,  he  enlisted  in 
Co.  I,  1  st  Maine  Vols.,  for  three 
months,  but  afterwards,  in  the  fall  of 
1 86 1,  reenlisted  in  Co.  H.,  nth 
Maine  Vols.,  for  three  years,  joining 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  under  Gen- 
eral McLellan.  He  was  with  his 
regiment  through  all  its  engagements 
during  the  Peninsular  campaign,  its 
retreat  to  Harrison's  Landing,  and 
its    subsequent    campaign  on  Morris 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


129 


Island,  South  Carolina,  also  under 
Butler  at  Bermuda  Hundreds,  and 
under  Grant  before  Richmond.  He 
served  in  the  different  grades  from 
private  to  first  lieutenant  and  was 
severely  wounded  in  one  of  the  en- 
gagements at  Bermuda  Hundreds. 
After  returning  to  duty,  he  was  de- 
tailed as  aid-de-eamp  on  the  staff  of 
General  H.  M.  Plaisted,  and  served 
as  such  un- 
til his  regi- 
ment w  a  s 
m  u  s  t  e  r  ed 
out  in  the 
fall  of  1864. 
In  March, 
1865,  he  was 
commis- 
sioned cap- 
tain of  Co.  I, 
12th  Maine 
Vols.,  for 
one  year, 
and  with  his 
c  o  m  m  a  nd 
joined  the 
regiment  in 
Savann  ah, 
Ga.,  where 
he  served  on 
the  staff  of 
General  J. 
M.  Bran- 
nan,  as  act- 
ing assistant 
inspect  or 
general  of 
the  depart- 
ment, and 
assistant 
p  r  o  v  o  s  t 
marshal. 
Upon       the 

close  of  the  war,  he  settled  in  New 
Gloucester,  became  active  in  town  af- 
fairs, and  for  thirteen  years  held  impor- 
tant municipal  offices.  He  was  elected 
register  of  deeds  of  Cumberland 
County,  serving  as  such  from  1891  to 
1895,  and  was  elected  and  entered 
upon  his  duties  as  county  treasurer, 
Jan.  1,  1899.  He  is  a  member  of  the  G. 
A.  R.  and  the  Loyal  Legion  of  Maine. 


Norman   True. 


NORMAN    TRUE. 


The  register  of  deeds  of  Cumber- 
land County,  Norman  True,  is  a 
native  of  Pownal,  Maine,  and  was 
born  April  24,  1861.  He  is  a  son  of 
Benjamin  True,  a  well  known  and 
prominent  citizen  of  this  county,  who 
was  sheriff  from  1883  to  1887,  and 
therefore  well  known  to  the  residents 

of  Portland. 
Young  True 
was  reared 
on  the  fam- 
i  1  y  farm, 
wher  e  he 
gained  a 
rugged  phy- 
sique. He 
obtained  a 
good,  prac- 
tical educa- 
tion in  the 
c  o  m  m  o  n 
schools  and 
having  been 
a  great 
reader  of  in- 
structive 
books,  has 
added  ma- 
terially to 
his  store  of 
knowledge. 
Like  many 
of  the 
youths  of 
his  native 
t  o  w  n  he 
learned  a 
trade  after 
leaving 
school.  His 
trade  is  that 
of  a  brush  maker,  in  which  he  is 
a  skilled  workman.  From  1883  to 
1887,  while  his  father  was  sheriff  of 
this  count}',  he  was  turnkey  at  the 
county  jail,  which  position  he  filled 
with  efficiency.  He  has  been  an  ac- 
tive worker  in  politics  for  some  years, 
but  it  was  not  until  1897  that  he  held 
or  accepted  any  office.  It  was  at 
that  time  he  was  made  a  member  of 


13° 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


the  board  of  selectmen  of  Pownal. 
His  ability  in  managing  town  affairs 
won  him  the  confidence  of  his  fellow 
townsmen  during  his  two  years'  ser- 
vice, and  in  recognition  of  this,  he 
was  successfully  put  forward  as  the 
most  desirable  candidate  for  the  pre- 
sent important  county  office  he  now 
holds.  While  a  resident  of  Pownal, 
his  official  duties  have  made  him  on 
two  occa- 
sions a  resi- 
dent of  Port- 
land for  four 
years,  — his 
election  to 
the  office  of 
register  of 
deeds  entit- 
les him  to 
hold  office 
for  four 
years,  from 
January  i, 
1899.  He 
is  a  member 
of  Freeport 
Lodge  of 
Masons, 
Hadattah 
Lodge  I.  O. 
O.  F.  ;  Sa- 
m  o  s  e  t 
Lod  g  e  of 
Red  Men; 
and  a  past 
master  o  f 
Longf  el  low 
Lodge 
Knights  of 
Pythias. 
He  was 
married  in 
1883  to  Miss 
Pownal. 


PAYSON    TUCKER 


Nettie    M.    True,    of 


Payson  Tucker. 

The  former  vice-president  and  gen- 
eral manager  of  the  Maine  Central 
Railroad,  although  now  a  resident  of 
Brookline,  Mass.,  has  probably  done 
more  than  any  other  one  citizen  to- 
ward the  development  of  the  city  of 


Portland  and  the  State  of  Maine. 
Payson  Tucker  is  a  native  of  Lowell, 
Mass.,  and  was  born  Feb.  14,  1840. 
He  received  his  education  in  the 
public  schools  of  Portland,  and  the 
New  Hampshire  Conference  Semi- 
nary, Tilton,  N.  H.  He  began  his 
notable  railroad  career  as  clerk  in  the 
office  of  the  Portland,  Saco  &  Ports- 
mouth Railroad,  in  1853.     At  twenty 

years  of  age 
he  was  made 
ticket  agent 
and  pay- 
master, 
which  posi- 
tions he  held 
until  1870. 
In  1872,  he 
was  made 
the  general 
agent  of  the 
Boston  & 
Maine  a  t 
Portland, 
and  in  1875, 
he  was  chos- 
en superin- 
tendent of 
the  Maine 
Central, 
which  office 
he  held  un- 
til 1882, 
when  he  was 
made  vice- 
president 
and  general 
manager, 
serving  as 
such  until 
1897.  His 
sagacity  in 
building  up  the  business  of  the 
Maine  Central  to  a  point  where  it 
now  justly  takes  rank  among  the 
leading  railroads  of  the  country,  has 
made  his  name  famous  in  railroad 
circles.  In  1883-85,  Mr.  Tucker 
was  also  general  manager  of  the 
Eastern  Railroad,  and,  in  1889,  be- 
came a  director  in  the  Maine  Central. 
In  1891,  when  the  Maine  Central 
assumed     its     control,     he    became 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


I31 


general  manager  of  the  Portland,  Mt. 
Desert  &  Maehias  Steamboat  Co.; 
and  in  1891-93,  he  was  director  in 
the  Phillips  &  Rangeley  Railroad. 
He  was  one  of  the  principal  promot- 
ers of  the  Union  Station  Co.,  which 
erected  the  present  handsome  union 
station,  shown  elsewhere  in  this  vol- 
ume. He  was  also  a  leading  projec- 
tor of  the  cantilever  bridge  at  St. 
John,  the  connecting  link  between 
the  railroad  systems  of  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  When  Mr. 
Tucker  assumed  charge  of  the  Maine 
Central,  it  possessed  but  350  miles  of 
mileage,  and  its  receipts  were  but 
a  million  and  a  half  yearly.  At 
the  time  he  severed  his  connec- 
tion with  this  road,  the  company 
operated  over  800  miles,  beside 
over  200  miles  of  steamboat  line. 
While  general  manager,  he  main- 
tained to  the  last  moment  of  his 
holding  office,  a  fearless  and  com- 
mendable policy  in  conducting  the 
Maine  Central  Railroad  in  the  inter- 
ests of  the  State  of  Maine,  rather 
than  in  the  interests  of  the  Boston  & 
Maine  Railroad.  His  retirement  was 
much  regretted  by  many.  His  pecu- 
liar ability  as  a  railroad  manager  was 
made  manifest  continuously  from  the 
time  he  assumed  charge  to  the  time 
he  severed  his  connection  with  the 
Maine  Central.  The  kindly  feeling 
which  Maine  bears  toward  Payson 
Tucker  is  reciprocal  with  him.  He 
now  occupies  with  his  family  a  hand- 
some residence  in  Brookline,  Mass. 
He  is  now  interested  in  railroad  and 
other  large  business  transactions,  and 
within  the  past  few  years  fortune  has 
smiled  benignly  upon  him.  He  is 
the  treasurer  of  the  Maine  &  New 
Hampshire  Granite  Co.,  employing 
nearly  2,000  men,  a  majority  of  whom 
reside  in  this  state.  This  company 
has  at  the  present  writing,  nearly 
$1,000,000  of  work  in  hand.  He  is 
a  director  of  the  Casco  National 
Bank,  president  of  the  Maine  Eye 
&  Ear  Infirmary,  and  director  of  the 
Maine  Mutual  Benefit  Association. 
Many  of  his  acts  of  benevolence  and 


demonstrations  of  public  spirit  in 
Portland  have  taken  permanent  form, 
notably  in  the  shape  of  the  Cleeves 
monument,  base  of  the  Longfellow 
monument,  and  stone  in  the  St.  Law- 
rence Congregational  church.  He 
was  married  in  September,  1862,  to 
Miss   Hattie  L.  Brazier,  of  Portland. 


Hon.  Enoch  Foster. 


Among  Portland's  many  brilliant 
professional  men,  Hon.  Enoch  Fos- 
ter, formerly  of  Bethel,  Maine,  takes 
high  rank.  He  wras  born  in  Newry, 
Oxford  County,  Maine,  in  1839,  and 
prepared  for  college  at  Gould's  Acad- 
emy, Bethel,  and  at  the  Maine  State 
Seminary  at  Lewiston,  entering  Bow- 
doin  College  in  i860.  Among  his 
classmates  were  Hon  Charles  F. 
Libby  of  Portland,  and  Rev.  Webster 
Woodbury,  of  Foxboro,  Mass.  At 
the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion,  he 
offered  his  services,  and  was  made 
second  lieutenant  of  Company  H, 
Thirteenth  Maine  Volunteers.  His 
war  record  is  an  honorable  one,  cov- 
ering a  period  of  three  years.  The 
command  to  which  he  belonged  was 
assigned  to  service  in  the  Department 
of  the  Gulf,  under  General  B.  F. 
Butler.  He  was  soon  commissioned 
first  lieutenant,  and  afterwards  ap- 
pointed provost  marshal  by  General 
Banks.  In  this  position  he  served 
one  and  one-half  years,  resigning  to 
take  part  in  the  Red  River  expedi- 
tion. At  the  close  of  the  war,  he 
returned  to  Bowdoin,  where  he  grad- 
uated. He  at  once  entered  the  law 
office  of  his  cousin,  Hon.  Reuben 
Foster,  of  Waterville,  where  he  de- 
voted himself  to  the  study  of  law, 
afterward  attending  and  graduating 
from  the  Albany  Law  School.  In 
1865,  he  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
Albany,  N.  Y.,  and  to  the  Kennebec 
County  bar  at  Augusta,  Maine.  He 
opened  an  office  in  Bethel,  and  soon 
built  up  a  large  and  lucrative  prac- 
tice, not  only  in  his  own  county,  but 
throughout  the  state.  He  has  been 
a    practitioner     before     the     United 


132 

Stat  e  s 
courts  for 
mam'  years. 
He  was  ap- 
pointed as- 
sociate jus- 
tice of  the 
Supreme  Ju- 
dicial Court 
of  Maine  by 
Governor 
R  o  b  i  e  ,  on 
March  24, 
1884,  and 
reappoi  nted 
by  Governor 
Burleigh,  in 
1891.  His 
caree  r  on 
the  bench 
was  a  bril- 
liant a  n  d 
notable  one, 
and  he 
g  a  i  ned  an 
enviable 
reputation 
for  his  legal 
acumen, 
and  the 
soun  d  n  e  s  s 
of  his  opin- 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


HON.    ENOCH    FOSTER. 


ions.  In 
1867,  he  was 
e  1  e  c  ted 
county  at- 
torney of 
Oxford 
Count}',  and 
re-elected  in 
1870.  H  e 
was  honored 
w  i  t  h  an 
election  to 
th  e  state 
senate  in 
1874,  and 
during  his 
term  of  office 
took  an  ac- 
t  i  v  e  and 
honor  able 
part  in  the 
proceedings 
of  that  body. 
After  retir- 
ing from  the 
bench,  h  e 
resumed  the 
practice  of 
law  in  Beth- 
el, continu- 
ing there 
until     he 


RESIDENCE   OF   HON.    ENOCH    FOSTER. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


removed  to  Portland,  where,  Feb. 
15,  1899,  he  became  the  senior  part- 
ner in  the  firm  of  Foster  &  Hersey, 
which  has  already  taken  its  place 
among  the  leading  law  firms  of  the 
city.  The  largest  private  law  li- 
brary in  the  state  is  owned  by  this 
firm,  and  it  is  made  particularly  val- 
uable from  the  fact  that  most  of 
the  volumes  have  copious  marginal 
a  n  n  o  t  a  - 
tions  made 
by  J  u  d  ge 
Foster.  Few 
professional 
men  have  a 
wider  circle 

0  f  friends 
and  a  c- 
quai  n  tan- 
ces.  Judge 
Foster  is  a 
past  com- 
mander o  f 
Brown  Post, 
G.  A.  R.,  of 
Bethel,  and 
is  a  mem- 
ber of  the 
Knights 
Temp  1  ar, 
the  Odd  Fel- 
lows and  the 
Loyal  Le- 
gion. Short- 

1  y  after 
removing  to 
Portland, 
he  pur- 
chased the 
T.  H.  Wes- 
ton proper- 
ty, 17  Deer- 

ing  street,  and  is  now  reckoned 
among  the  solid  citizens  of  Portland. 
Judge  Foster  married  Miss  Sarah 
W.  Chapman,  and  they  have  one 
son,  Robert  Chapman  Foster,  now 
a  sophomore  in   Bowdoin  College. 


HON.    OSCAR   H.    HERSEY. 


Oscar  Henry  Hersey. 

Oscar  Henry  Hersey,  of  the  Port- 
land  law  firm  of  Foster    &  Hersey, 


was  born   in  Freeport,   Maine,  April 
9,    1852,    his    ancestors    along    both 
lines  being  of  the  sturdy  New  Eng- 
land stock,  descending  on  the  father's 
side  from  William  Hersey,  who  came 
to  this  country  from  England  in  1630. 
The    father    of    the    subject    of   this 
sketch  was  the  late  Rev.  Levi   Her- 
sey,    for    fifty    years     a     clergyman 
of   the    Freewill     Baptist   denomina- 
tion,     who, 
during     his 
long      and 
useful     life, 
had    charge 
o  f      pastor- 
ates at  Free- 
port,  Harps- 
well,  Phips- 
burg,   Bath, 
Ri  chmond, 
and      other 
places.    Mr. 
Hersey     re- 
ceived     his 
school    edu- 
cation    at 
Bath     and 
Richmond 
and         at 
Litchfield 
Academy, 
and       re- 
moved     t  o 
Buck  field 
in    October, 
1 87 1,  where 
he     after- 
ward   resid- 
e  d.         He 
began 
the      study 
of     law      at 
Buckfield    in    1875,    with   the    noted 
railroad      attorney,      Hon.      George 
D.  Bisbee,   and  was  admitted  to  the 
Oxfoid  County  bar  in  March,    1877, 
and    was   later  admitted  to    practice 
before  the  United  States  district  and 
circuit    courts.     Upon    admission    to 
the   bar,    he    immediately  began  the 
practice   of  law  at  Buckfield,   where 
he  acquired    an   enviable   reputation 
as    a   counselor   in    important  cases, 


134 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


and  succeeded  in  building  up,  on  the 
solid  foundation  of  unusual  legal 
ability  and  sound  judgment  in  busi- 
ness matters,  one  of  the  largest  prac- 
tices of  any  lawyer  in  Oxford  County. 
He  [not  only  had  a  large  ordinary 
court  practice,  but  his  services  were 
in  constant  demand  in  important 
cases  before  the  higher  courts.  He 
was  elected  to  the  position  of  county 
attorney  of 
Oxford 
County  in 
1886,  per- 
forming 
the  duties 
of  that 
office  in  a 
thoroug  li- 
ly compe- 
tent man- 
ner. I  n 
1890,  he 
was  nomi- 
nated by 
acclama- 
tion and 
elected  to 
the  lower 
branch  of 
the  state 
1  e  g  i  s  1  a- 
ture,  and 
in  1892  he 
represent- 
e  d  his 
county  in 
the  senate. 
In  both 
bra  n  c  h  e  s 
he  served 
with  dis- 
till ct  i  on 
and  to  the  complete  satisfaction  of  his 
constituents.  In  February,  1899, 
Mr.  Hersey  formed  a  co-partnership 
with  Judge  Enoch  Foster,  under  the 
firm  name  of  Foster  &  Hersey,  and 
began  the  practice  of  law  in  Port- 
land, where  the  firm  is  located  in 
convenient  and  pleasant  offices  on 
Exchange  street.  Mr.  Hersey  is  a 
Mason  and  an  Odd  Fellow.  As  a 
lawyer,    his  ability  is  unquestioned, 


and  as  a  legal  adviser  in  matters  in 
volving  large  interests,  his  extended 
experience,  with  an  almost  instinc- 
tive faculty  for  the  comprehension  of 
intricate  details,  makes  his  services 
valuable  and  in  great  demand.  He 
is  a  safe,  careful,  conservative  busi- 
ness man,  an  attorney  who  always 
looks  well  after  the  interests  of  his 
clients. 


fm. 
Allen,  Jr. 


WM.    ALLEN,   JR. 


One  of 
the  best 
known  cit- 
izens  of 
Portland  is 
William 
Allen,  Jr. 
H  e  has 
for  many 
years  been 
engaged  in 
the  insur- 
ance busi- 
ness, and 
occupied 
his  present 
office  on 
Excha  n  ge 
street  for 
about  a 
quarter  of 
a  century. 
He  was 
born  in 
G 1  o  u  c  es- 
ter, Mass., 
but  when 
he  was  an 
infant  his 
parents  removed  to  this  city.  He 
is  descended  from  colonial  ancestry, 
dating  back  to  the  Revolution.  His 
father,  William  Allen,  fought  in  the 
war  of  1 81 2.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  of  Portland,  and 
attended  the  high  school  in  the  time 
of  Master  Libby.  He  first  embarked 
in  the  wholesale  fruit  business,  but 
engaged  in  the  fire  insurance  business 
later,  in  which  he  has  made  a  marked 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i35 


success.  During  the  last  eighteen 
years  he  has  been  special  agent  for 
some  of  the  largest  companies  in  the 
world.  During  this  time,  he  has 
traveled  over  50,000  miles.  He  has 
stated  that  in  all  these  years  he  has 
never  represented  a  company  that  he 
has  not  made  money  for,  while  all 
losses  have  been  amicably  settled 
with  his  customers.  As  chairman 
of  the  committee  composed  of  the 
Portland 
Board  of 
Fire  Under- 
writers, the 
adoption  of 
the  keyless 
fire  alarm 
box  was 
brought 
a  b  o  u  t 
through  his 
personal  ef- 
fort in  1889, 
a  g  a  i  n  s  t 
strong  op- 
position. 
Mr.  Allen  is 
noted  for 
other  acts 
which  have 
made  him 
popular  and 
some  wh  a  t 
d  i  s  t  i  n  - 
g  u  i  she  d. 
He  was  the 
first  man  in 
the  State  of 
Maine  to 
ride  a  wheel, 
his  first  ex- 


years  been  a  contributor  to  the  Port- 
land dailies,  a  most  interesting  series 
of  which  was  entitled,  "When  We 
Were  Boys."  He  has  always  been 
a  stanch  Republican,  and  voting 
first  for  John  C.  Fremont,  has  voted 
for  every  succeeding  candidate  of 
that  party  for  president.  He  has 
written  somewhat  in  verse  on  political 
subjects,  his  work  in  that  line  being 
copied  by  the  papers  in  the    largest 

cities. 


E.  E.  Holt, 
M.  D. 


perie  nee 
taking  place 

in  one  of  the  halls  in  the  city,  March 
1,  1869.  He  is  still  an  enthusiastic 
wheelman.  This  experience,  in 
which  he  came  out  victorious,  much 
to  the  amusement  and  admiration  of 
the  spectators,  he  immortalized  by 
writing  a  parody  on  Hiawatha,  which 
was  published  in  the  local  papers  and 
won  him  a  reputation  as  a  writer  of 
humorous  verse.     He  has  for  several 


DR.    E.    E.    HOLT. 


This  emi- 
nent physi- 
cian was 
born  in  Ox- 
ford County 
June  1, 1849. 
He  came  to 
Portland  in 
1874,  after 
gradua  t  ing 
at  Bowdoin 
Medical 
School,  and 
therefore 
has  spent 
half  his  life 
here  in  this 
city,  where 
his  indus- 
trious habits 
and  attain- 
ments have 
mad  e  him 
widely 
k  11  o  w  n 
throughout 
the  state 
and  nation. 
He  received  his  ad  eundem  degree  in 
medicine  at  the  College  of  Physicians 
and  Surgeons,  Columbia  University, 
New  York,  in  1875.  He  received 
the  honorary  degree  of  A.  M.  from 
Colby  University  in  1897.  He  was 
the  first  regularly  appointed  house 
doctor  at  the  Maine  General  Hospital, 
serving  one  year  in  that  capacity. 
He  served  as  attending  physician  to 


136 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


the  old  Portland  Dispensary  two 
years.  In  1881,  he  went  to  Europe, 
and  while  there  became  a  member  of 
the  Seventh  International  Medical 
Congress  held  in  London,  at  which 
he  had  the  opportunity  of  meeting 
and  making  the  acquaintance  of  a 
large  number  of  the  leading  medical 
men  of  the  world.  In  1885,  he  took 
steps  to  found  the  Maine  Eye  and 
Ear  Infirmary,  which  was  opened  for 
the  treat- 
ment of  pa- 
tients earlv 
in  1886. 
The  origin 
and  method 
of  manage- 
ment  of  the 
i  n  s  t  itution 
early  enlist- 
ed the  sym- 
pathy, co- 
op e  r  a  t  ion 
and  finan- 
cial support 
of  the  best 
people  of 
the  state, 
and,  a  1- 
though  cer- 
tain persons 
have  from 
the  begin- 
ning made 
asp  e  rsions 
against  i  t 
and  Dr. 
Holt,  y  e  t 
when  the 
facts  have 
become 
know  n, 
these  insin- 
uations have  but  served  to  increase 
rather  than  diminish  the  support  of 
the  infirmary  and  its  founder.  The 
work  accomplished  in  making  the 
institution  one  of  the  best  in  the 
world,  has  been  a  marvel  to  all  who 
realize  its  extent  and  character,  and 
has  placed  Dr.  Holt  among  the  fore- 
most benefactors  and  philanthropists 
of   the   state.       In    1894,     Dr.     Holt 


ABIEL    M.    SMITH. 


originated  the  Maine  Academy  of 
Medicine  and  Science,  and  founded 
the  Journal  of  Medicine  and  Science, 
for  the  purpose  of  making  the  Acad- 
edy  more  efficient.  The  academy 
was  largely  instrumental  in  securing 
the  present  medical  registration  law, 
the  urgent  need  of  which  had  been 
hopelessly  apparent  to  the  medical 
profession  for  a  score  of  years  pre- 
vious to  its  passage  by  the  legisla- 
ture. Dr. 
Holt  is  a 
member  of 
all  the  Ma- 
sonic bodies 
and  is  a 
thi  rty  -sec- 
ond degree 
Mason.  He 
is  also  a 
member  o  f 
all  the  lead- 
ing medical 
societies  of 
the  country, 
and  has 
been  a  con- 
tributor to 
them  and 
the  medical 
journals, 
gaining 
thereby  a 
reputation 
for  skill  and 
erudi  tion, 
w  h  i  c  h 
would  place 
him  among 
the  foremost 
ph  ysicians 
in  the 
world. 


Abiel  M.  Smith. 


Although  born  in  Boothbay,  Abiel 
Manly  Smith,  one  of  the  assessors  of 
Portland,  has  been  a  resident  of  this 
city  since  boyhood.  He  is  a  son  of 
Stevens  Smith,  who  was  well  known, 
and  is  remembered  as  one  of  the  val- 
ued citizens  here.     His  son  attended 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i37 


the  Park  Street  School,  and  began  his 
education  under  the  tutorage  of  Mas- 
ter Pickering.  He  afterwards  en- 
tered and  graduated  from  the  Port- 
land High  School.  At  that  time, 
former  Master  Lyford  had  among  his 
pupils,  Thomas  B.  Reed,  ex-speaker 
of  the  national  house  of  representa- 
tives, and  several  other  now  noted 
men  took  their  diplomas.  The  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  entered  business 
life  as  a 
member  of 
the  firm  of 
Lewis  & 
Smith,  who 
carried  on 
for  several 
years a  large 
and  success- 
ful clothing 
busin  ess. 
When  the 
fishing  busi- 
ness was  a 
p  r  o  fi  t  a  ble 
one  at  this 
port,  M  r. 
Smith  be- 
came a 
promi  n  e  n  t 
factor  in  this 
in  dustry, 
and  before 
he  lost  all, 
owned  the 
finest  clip- 
per fishing 
fleet  on  the 
Atlantic 
coast.  He 
was  attract- 
ed and  in- 
vested   h  i  s 

money  in  fishing  vessels,  by  his  nat- 
ural tastes  for  the  sea,  he  being  at 
one  time  a  prominent  yachtsman  and 
commodore  of  the  Portland  Yacht 
Club.  When  he  became  a  candidate 
for  the  board  of  assessors,  his  knowl- 
edge of  values  of  vessels  and  other 
property  in  this  community,  and  his 
equitable  business  record  were  strong 
factors  in  his  subsequent  election  in 


OREN   T.    DESPEAUX. 


1897.  As  a  member  of  this  board,  he 
has  fulfilled  the  duties  of  the  office 
with  that  spirit  of  fairness  to  all  that 
has  made  him  popular,  and  his  ser- 
vices of  more  than  ordinary  value  to 
the  city.  In  political  sympathies,  he 
has  been  affiliated  with  the  Republi- 
can party,  casting  his  first  vote  for 
John  C.  Fremont.  He  is  a  Knight 
Templar  Mason,  and  is  well  known 
and  esteemed.     His  family  consist  of 

a  t  a  lented 
h  e  1  p  111  e  et 
and  one  son 
and  one 
daughter. 
His  wife, 
f  ormerly 
Miss  Lizzie 
W.  Dyer,  a 
well  known 
music  ian, 
since  his  fi- 
nancial los- 
ses, has 
figured 
prominently 
in  musical 
c  i  r  c  1  e  s. 
Their  chil- 
dren are, 
Walter  S., 
and  Eliza- 
beth  M. 
Smith,  the 
former  b  e- 
ing  a  well 
known  or- 
gan i  s  t  of 
thiscity,and 
the  latter  an 
attendant  of 
Vassar  Col- 
lege. Mr. 
Smith  is  interested  in  Little  Diamond 
Island,  the  property  of  which  he  has 
developed,  and  where  in  "Sonnen- 
stral,"  he  possesses  a  charmingly  sit- 
uated summer  home. 


Sheriff  O.  T.  Despeaux. 


The  sheriff  of  Cumberland  County, 
Oren     T.    Despeaux,    was    born    in 


133 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Acton,  Mass.,  fifty  years  ago,  and 
has  resided  in  Maine  since  1879.  On 
the  paternal  side,  he  is  descended  from 
the  French  Huguenots,  his  ancestors 
settling  in  Rhode  Island.  They  were 
Baptists  and  shared  their  religious 
persecutions  with  Roger  Williams. 
On  the  maternal  side,  Sheriff  Des- 
peaux  comes  of  the  Reed  family,  who 
came  to  this  country  from  England, 
and  have  resided  in  and  about  Acton 
for  two  hundred  years.  When  nine 
years  old,  young  Despeaux  attended 
school  in  Worcester  County,  Mass., 
where  he  concluded  his  education. 
At  fifteen  he  enlisted,  November  3, 
1864,  and  entered  service  in  the  War 
of  the  Rebellion.  During  the  latter 
part  of  his  enlistment,  he  was  as- 
signed to  do  provost  duty.  After 
the  close  of  the  war,  he  went  to  Bos- 
ton and  secured  employment  in  a 
large  wholesale  clothing  store.  After 
learning  the  business,  his  careful 
attention  to  the  interests  of  his  em- 
ployers won  him  promotion,  and  he 
was  given  a  territory  on  the  road. 
In  the  capacity  of  traveling  sales- 
man in  the  clothing  trade,  he  won  a 
reputation  of  being  one  of  the  most 
successful  drummers  of  his  time. 
In  1879,  he  took  up  his  residence 
in  Brunswick,  Me.,  and  engaged  in 
farming  and  speculating  in  cattle, 
in  which  he  was  also  successful  in 
marked  degree.  He  was  appointed 
deputy  sheriff  in  1882,  and  has  ever 
since  been  in  the  service  in  Cum- 
berland County,  being  regularly 
re-appointed  by  those  who  have 
held  the  office  of  sheriff  since  that 
time.  He  was  prominently  men- 
tioned for  sheriff  four  years  ago, 
but  retired  in  favor  of  his  prede- 
cessor and  recent  opponent.  It  was, 
therefore,  after  sixteen  years  of  ser- 
vice as  deputy  sheriff,  that  he  se- 
cured the  nomination  for  sheriff, 
the  Republicans  of  Brunswick  plac- 
ing him  in  nomination  without  a  dis- 
senting voice.  His  election  was  the 
result  of  the  liveliest  contest  ever 
known  in  the  history  of  the  state. 
His   strength    as    a    candidate    was 


significantly  shown  in  defeating  the 
sheriff  ring,  which  was  considered 
practically  impenetrable.  As  the 
sheriff  of  this  county  is  also  jailer, 
Sheriff  Despeaux  is  one  in  whom 
the  public  have  confidence,  and  is 
well  fitted  by  experience  and  abil- 
ity for  the  important  office  he  now 
holds.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Masons,  Knights  of  Pythias,  Grand 
Army  and  Ancient  Order  of  For- 
resters. He  has  served  six  years 
in  the  state  militia,  and  was  captain 
of  the  First  Maine  Battery,  which 
company  before  disbanding  won 
laurels  for  good  discipline  and  high 
standing. 


Hon.  Chas.  F.  Libby. 


Among  the  foremost  citizens  of 
Portland,  is  Hon.  Charles  F.  Libby, 
of  the  law  firm  of  Libby,  Robinson 
and  Turner.  He  was  born  in  Lim- 
erick, Maine,  January  31,  1834,  but 
has  lived  in  Portland  since  1846. 
He  attended  the  public  schools  of 
this  city.  After  graduating  from 
the  Portland  High  School,  he  en- 
tered Bowdoin  College,  where  he 
was  graduated  with  honors  in  1864. 
Soon  after  graduation,  he  com- 
menced the  study  of  the  law  in  the 
office  of  Fessenden  &  Butler,  in  this 
city,  and  completed  his  studies  in 
the  Columbia  Law  School,  in  New 
York  city.  After  admission  to  the 
bar  in  May,  1866,  he  went  abroad, 
continuing  his  studies  in  Paris  and 
Heidelburg  for  two  years.  On  re- 
turning from  Europe  in  1869,  he 
commenced  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession as  a  member  of  the  firm  of 
Symonds  &  Libby,  which  firm  was 
dissolved  by  the  appointment  of 
Judge  Symonds  to  the  superior 
court  bench.  In  1873,  he  formed 
a  partnership  with  Hon.  Moses  M. 
Butler,  under  the  firm  name  of  But- 
ler &  Libby.  This  firm  was  dis- 
solved by  the  death  of  Mr.  Butler 
in  1879.  In  1884,  he  again  formed 
a  partnership  with  Judge  Symonds, 
continuing     with    him    until     1891. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i39 


In  1897,  he  became  the  senior  part- 
ner of  his  present  firm  with  offices 
in  the  First  National  Bank  Building. 
Beside  having  enjoyed  a  lucrative 
law  practice  for  many  years,  Mr. 
Ivibby  has  become  identified  with 
many  important  business  and  finan- 
cial interests  in  Portland.  He  has 
also  taken  a  prominent  part  in  pub- 
lic affairs,  and  has  for  several  years 
been  one  of 
the  leaders 
of  the  Re- 
publican 
party  in 
this  state. 
He  began 
his  public 
career  as 
city  solic- 
itor, which 
office  he 
held  in 
1871  -  72. 
He  was 
elect  e  d 
county  a  t  - 
torney  i  n 
1872,  serv- 
ing until 
1878.  He 
was  chosen 
mayor  of 
Portland  in 
1882,  and 
was  a  mem- 
ber of  the 
state  senate 
in  1889. 
While  '  a 
member  of 
the  senate, 
h  e      served 

as  its  president,  with  distinction.  Mr. 
Ivibby  is  attorney  for  the  First  Nation- 
al Bank,  Portland  Trust  Company, 
Portland  Street  Railway  Co.,  Interna- 
tional, Portland  and  Maine  Steamship 
companies,    and   other    corporations. 


HON.    C.    F.    LIBBY. 


A,  W.  Laugfhttn. 


Arthur  Wood  Eaughlin,  the  treas- 
urer  and   business   manager   of    the 


Evening  Express  Publishing  Com- 
pany, was  born  in  Pembroke,  Wash- 
ington County,  Maine,  March  1, 
1854,  son  of  Thomas  and  Mary  A. 
L-aughlin.  His  father  came  with  his 
family  to  Pembroke  from  New  Bruns- 
wick, about  fifty  years  ago,  his  peo- 
ple having  been  among  the  early 
settlers  of  that  province.  A.  W. 
Eaughlin      attended      the      ordinary 

country 
school  until 
he  came  to 
Portia  nd, 
about  1870, 
at  the  age 
of  sixteen. 
After  a 
year's  at- 
tendance at 
the  North 
School,  he 
entered 
the  High 
School,  but 
left  at  the 
end  of  three 
months  t  o 
learn  the 
printer's 
t  r  a  d  e  . 
While  serv- 
ing his  ap- 
prentice- 
s  h  i  p,  he 
worked  for 
George  A. 
Jones  & 
Company, 
job  printers, 
and  on  the 
S  u  n  d  a  y 
Star.  Dur- 
ing the  year  and  a  half  of  his  connec- 
tion with  the  Star  office,  he  had 
Mondays  to  himself,  in  exchange  for 
working  Saturday  nights,  and  on 
these  Mondays  he  attended  Gray's 
Business  College  and  learned  book- 
keeping. Upon  finishing  his  ap- 
prenticeship, he  accepted  a  position 
as  bookkeeper  with  T.  Eaughlin  & 
Son,  manufacturers  of  marine  hard- 
ware,    the    firm    being    composed   of 


I4-Q 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


his  father  and  elder  brother.  He 
remained  in  this  connection  four 
years,  acquiring  a  business  educa- 
tion and  training,  and  at  the  end  of 
that  time  embraced  an  opportunity 
to  buy  an  interest  in  a  job-printing 
office,  which  he  accomplished  with- 
out outside  aid,  from  earnings  saved 
up  to  that  time,  and  shortly  after- 
wards he  acquired  the  whole  busi- 
ness. About 
this  time, 
the  suspen- 
sion of  a 
w  e  e  k  1  y 
paper  that 
he  had  been 
p  rinting 
for  the 
publisher, 
left  him 
with  c  o  n- 
siderable 
newspaper 
printing 
material  on 
h  and,  a 
con  d  i  t  i  o  n 
which  first 
turned  his 
attention  to 
the  news- 
paper field, 
and  on  Oc- 
tober 12, 
1879,  he 
star  ted  a 
penny  daily, 
called  the 
City  Item, 
the  size  of 
the  sheet 
being  four- 
teen by  nineteen  inches.  After  run- 
ning it  about  two  years,  he  sold  out 
to  a  stock  company,  assuming  the 
position  of  business  manager  and 
treasurer ;  the  paper  was  enlarged 
and  continued  until  September,  1882, 
when  it  suspended  publication. 
Having  secured  from  the  mortgagee 
of  the  old  company  a  part  of  its 
materials  and  equipments,  including 
a  Cottrell  &  Babcock  drum-cylinder 


A.    W.    LAUGHLIN. 


press,  Mr.  Laughlin  issued  on  Octo- 
ber 12,  1882,  the  first  number  of  the 
Evening  Express,  of  which  he  re- 
mained editor  and  sole  proprietor 
four  years.  During  this  period,  the 
paper  was  enlarged  several  times, 
and  became  recognized  as  one  of  the 
established  newspapers  of  the  state. 
In  June,  1886,  Mr.  Laughlin  sold  a 
half  interest  to  the  late  William  H. 

Smith,  the 
firm  name 
be  c  o  m  i  n  g 
Laughlin  & 
Smith,  and 
in  October 
of  the  same 
year,  the 
E ve  n  i  n  g 
Express 
Publish  ing 
Company 
was  formed, 
and  incor- 
porated un- 
der the  laws 
of  Maine, 
with  Mr. 
Smith  a  s 
pre  si  de  nt, 
a  n  d  M  r. 
Laughlin  as 
treasurer 
a  n  d  busi- 
ness man- 
ager. After 
about  a  year 
Mr.  Smith 
sold  his  in- 
terest and 
retired  from 
the  c  o  m- 
pany.  Mr. 
Laughlin  is  a  member  and  past 
grand  of  Unity  Lodge  of  Odd  Fel- 
lows, a  Past  Chancellor  of  Trinity 
Lodge,  Knights  of  Pythias,  a  member 
of  the  Legion  of  Honor,  president  of 
the  Portland  Cadets'  military  organ- 
ization, and  member  of  the  Veteran 
Corps,  being  one  of  the  "Champion 
Twenty-four"  of  1875,  who  contested 
with  the  Montgomery  Guards  for  the 
possession  of  the  champion  flag.     He 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


141 


was  married  January  1,  1880,  to  Miss 
Gertrude  E.  Knowltou,  of  Portland; 
they  have  three  children,  Ethel  G., 
James  K.,  and  Thomas  Earle 
Eaughlin. 


The  Virgil  Clavier  School. 

The  Virgil  Clavier  School  was  es- 
tablished in  Portland  in  1896,  by 
Frank  L. 
Ran  kin, 
who  for  the 
past  ten 
years  has 
been  prom- 
inent as  a 
teacher  of 
music  i  n 
this  city. 
The  school 
occup  ie  s 
the  entire 
top  floor  of 
the  Baxter 
M  e  m  orial 
building, 
and  is  ac- 
cessible by 
eleva  tor. 
The  main 
recital  hall 
has  a  seat- 
ing capa- 
city of  two 
h  u  n  d  red . 
Here  pub- 
lic recitals, 
open  to 
pupils 
and  their 
friends,  are 
given  ev- 
ery Thurs- 
day evening.  Connected  with  this 
hall  are  the  private  instruction  rooms. 
This  school  is  but  one  of  a  large  num- 
ber in  successful  operation  in  the 
principal  cities  of  the  United  States 
and  Europe.  The  Clavier  method 
has  been  recognized  as  a  most  effi- 
cient one  for  teaching  piano  and 
organ.  By  the  use  of  the  clavier,  the 
progress  of  pupils  is  much  more  rapid 


FRANK    L.    RANKIN. 


than  by  the  old  methods.  The 
method  educates  particularly  the 
sense  of  touch,  bringing  hand  and 
mind  into  responsive  sympathy.  The 
use  of  the  clavier  is  desirable  for  pu- 
pils who  have  a  quick  and  accurate 
ear  for  music,  for,  although  the  prac- 
tice may  be  steady  and  continuous, 
there  is  no  possibility  of  pupils  being 
afflicted  with  what  is  known  as  the 

"  t  i  r  e  d 
e  a  r  .  " 
When  the 
clavier 
method 
was  first 
introduced 
it  was  re- 
garded in- 
credulous- 
1  y  by 
many,  but 
now  all 
good 
teachers, 
in  all  the 
principal 
cities,  have 
studied, 
and  to  a 
greater  or 
less  extent, 
teach  the 
method  . 
When  i  t 
was  intro- 
duced i  n 
Berlin, 
Germany, 
where  the 
study  o  f 
music  is 
conducted 
most  scien- 
tifically, the  favorable  report  of  seven 
of  Berlin's  noted  pianists,  composing 
the  committee  chosen  to  investigate, 
was  received  in  musical  circles  as 
standard  authority.  Among  the 
noted  pianists  of  the  world  who  have 
also  endorsed  and  practice  the  method 
are  the  following:  Joseffy,  Paderew- 
ski,  Rive'-King,  De  Pachmann,  Ma- 
son, Rosenthal  and  Von  Biilow.     In 


142 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


appearance,  the  clavier  resembles  the 
old-fashioned  spinet.  It  has  several 
important  attachments,  one  of  them 
being  an  arrangement  for  increasing 
the  strength  of  key  action,  whereby 
the  force  can  be  changed  instantly 
from  two  ounces,  suitable  for  the 
weak  fingers  of  a  child,  to  ten  ounces, 
which  is  more  than  the  strength  of 
action  of  an  ordinary  piano.  Even- 
n  e  s  s  of 
touch  and 
te  chnical 
accuracy, 
are  taught 
on  the 
clavier  in 
much  less 
time  than 
upon  the 
pi  a  no. 
This 
school  has 
now  about 
two  hun- 
dred pu- 
pils, and  it 
is  a  nota- 
ble fact 
that  they 
acquire  in 
a  compar- 
a  t  i  v  e  1  y 
short  time 
that  mus- 
cular de- 
velop m  ent 
and  even- 
n  e  s  s  of 
touch  that 
under  the 
old  meth- 
ods were 
not  expect- 
ed of  hard  students  before  three  years 
of  persistent  effort. 


HON.    WESTON    F.    MILLIKEN. 


Hon.  Weston  F.  Milliken. 


The  collector  of  the  port  of  Port- 
land, appointed  last  April  by  Presi- 
dent McKinley,  was  born  in  Minot, 
Androscoggin  County,  Maine,  and 
has  resided  and  done  business  in  this 


municipality  since  1856,  during 
which  time  he  has  been  closely  iden- 
tified with  its  best  interests.  As  the 
head  of  the  largest  wholesale  grocery 
house  in  Maine,  that  of  Milliken, 
Tomlinson  Company,  his  business 
influence  has  extended  throughout 
the  entire  state.  After  obtaining  his 
education,  Weston  F.  Milliken  went 
to  Boston,   and  engaged  as  a  clerk. 

Two  3rears 
later  he  re- 
turned to 
his  native 
town  and 
engaged  in 
business, 
coming  to 
Po  rtland 
forty-  three 
years  ago, 
a'nd  be- 
coming as- 
sociated 
with  the 
firm  which 
i  n  1879, 
deve 1  oped 
into  the 
p  re  sent 
large  cor- 
poration of 
which  he 
has  since 
been  pres- 
ident. His 
name  has 
for  many 
years  been 
c  o  u  p  1  e  d 
with  about 
all  the  im- 
p  o  r  t  a  n  t 
public  k  en- 
terprises that  have  tended  to  benefit 
the  city  of  his  adoption,  and  he  has 
gradually  become  connected  with 
the  management  of  a  large  number  of 
corporations  and  institutions,  includ- 
ing national  and  savings  banks, 
building  and  loan  associations,  rail- 
way and  steamboat  companies,  and 
electric  light  company.  He  has  ever 
used    his    influence,    which  extends 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i43 


from  his  large  business  interests 
throughout  the  state,  towards  the 
welfare  of  Portland,  and  is  a  valued 
member  and  former  officer  of  the 
Portland  Board  of  Trade.  He  has 
also  taken  a  prominent  part  in  public 
affairs,  and  represented  this  city  in 
the  state  legislature  in  1872-74,  dur- 
ing which  time  he  was  chairman  of 
the  committee  on  banking  affairs,  and 
the  commit- 
tee on  fi- 
nance. His 
residence  in 
this  city  has 
been  pro- 
ductive of 
much  bene- 
fit to  his 
fellow  citi- 
zens, and  he 
is  widely 
esteemed  by 
all  who 
know  him. 
As  collector 
of  the  port, 
he  brings  to 
the  duties 
of  the  office 
marked  ex- 
ecutive abil- 
ity. 


Clarence 
Hale. 


This  well 
known  resi- 
dent of  Port- 
land,    and 

leading  cor-  clarence  hale. 

p  oration 

lawyer  of  the  state,  is  a  brother  of 
United  States  Senator  Hale,  and  was 
born  in  Turner,  Me.,  April  15,  1848. 
He  spent  his  boyhood  on  the  old 
place  occupied  by  his  grandfather, 
who  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
Turner,  and  which  farm  is  still  in  the 
possession  of  the  family.  He  was 
educated  in  the  common  schools  of 
his  native  town,  fitting  for  college  in 
Norway,    (Me.)    Academy.     He  was 


graduated  from  Bowdoin  College, 
with  honors  in  oratory,  in  1869.  He 
commenced  the  study  of  law  in  the 
office  of  Hale  &  Emery,  at  Ellsworth, 
which  firm  was  composed  of  his 
brother,  the  present  senator,  and 
Hon.  E.  A.  Emery.  He  was  admit- 
ted to  the  bar  in  October,  1870,  and 
the  following  year  began  the  practice 
of  his  profession    in  Portland,  where 

he  has  since 
continued, 
and     where 
he  has  built 
up    a    large 
and      lucra- 
tive     prac- 
tice.       M  r. 
Hale  has  for 
s  e  v  e  r  a  1 
years     been 
an    imp  or- 
tant     factor 
in  local  bus- 
iness     and 
political   af- 
fairs.      H  e 
was  elected 
city     solici- 
tor in  1879, 
which  office 
he  held    for 
three  years, 
conduct  i  ng 
many      im- 
porta  n  t 
cases  for  the 
city.       He 
represen  ted 
Portland   in 
the      state 
legi  s  1  a  ture 
in     1S83-85, 
where  he  gained  distinction   from  his 
activity    on   the   floor   of  the  house, 
and  won  the  esteem  of  his  colleagues 
by    his  sound  judgment  and    ability 
there  displayed.     He  is  a  strong  Re- 
publican in  politics,  and  has  been  an 
ardent  worker  for  that  party,  partici- 
pating   in   every   political  campaign 
since    1872.     He    has   become  inter- 
ested in  a  large  number  of  local  enter- 
prises, and  as  director  and  trustee,  is 


J44 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


identified  with  the  management  of 
several  corporations.  He  is  also  clerk 
of  a  large  number  of  companies 
formed  in  the  state,  and  his  labors  in 
his  profession  have  included  vastly 
important  legal  work.  Mr.  Hale 
possesses  one  of  the  largest  private 
libraries  in  Maine,  and  has  strong 
love  for  literary  work.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Maine  Historical  Society. 
He  was 
married 
March  i  i, 
1880,  to 
M  a  r  g  a  ret 
Rollins, 
daughter  of 
Hon.  Frank- 
lin J.  Rol- 
lins, of  Port- 
land, and 
has  two 
children, 
Kathe  r  ine, 
born  in 
1884,  and 
Robert 
Hale,     born 


Hon.   F.  H. 
Harford. 


The  judge 
of  the  mu- 
n  i  c  i  p  a  1 
court  of 
South  Port- 
land, Fred- 
e  r i  ck  H. 
H  a  r  f  o  r  d  , 
was  born  in 
Cape  Eliza- 
beth,     now 

the  City  of  South  Portland,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1850.  He  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools,  afterwards  taking  an 
academic  course,  and  fitted  for  col- 
lege with  the  late  Prof.  Hanson,  of 
Waterville.  He  became  active  in 
public  affairs  early  in  life,  and  for 
four  years  served  his  county  as  one 
of  its  officers.  He  commenced  to 
read  law    in   the   office    of    Clarence 


HON.    F.    H.    HARFORD. 


Hale,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in 
1 88 1.  He,  with  his  brother,  was 
one  of  the  founders  of  the  Cape  Eliz- 
abeth Sentinel,  and  for  several  years 
assisted  in  the  editing  of  that  paper. 
He  finally  sold  out  his  interest  in  the 
Sentinel  to  his  brother,  and  returned 
to  the  office  of  Clarence  Hale  and  A. 
A.  Strout,  where  he  continued  in 
the  practice  of  his  profession,  remov- 
ing to  his 
present  of- 
fice, 3iy2 
Ex  c  h  a  n  ge 
street,  some 
ten  years 
ago.  Judge 
Harford  has 
been  a  most 
i  n  t  e  r  e  s  ted 
citizen  of 
the  Cape, 
and  main- 
public  im- 
proveme  n  ts 
are  traced 
to  his  vigi- 
lance. He 
e  n  j  o  ys  a 
large  1  a  w 
practice  and 
i  s  counsel 
for  several 
laige  con- 
cerns in  and 
about  the 
city.  H  e 
is  a  director 
in  the  Peo- 
ples Ferry 
Co.,  Island 
Ferry  Co., 
and  was 
one  of  the 
founders  of  the  Casco  Loan  &  Build- 
ing Association,  and  the  South  Port- 
land Loan  and  Building  Association. 


Cullen  C.  Chapman. 


Cullen  C.  Chapman,  the  president 
of  the  Chapman  National  Bank,  was 
born  in  Bethel,  Oxford  County,  Me., 
December   27,    1833.       He    was   the 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i45 


oldest  son  of  the  late  Hon.  Robert  A. 
Chapman  and  Frances  (Carter)  Chap- 
man; his  maternal  grandfather,  Dr. 
Timothy  Carter,  who  emigrated  to 
Bethel  from  Sutton,  Mass.,  in  1799, 
was  the  first  physician  to  settle  in 
the  town.  Mr.  Chapman  was  edu- 
cated at  Gould's  Academy,  in  Bethel, 
and  Bridgton  Academy,  but  was  pre- 
vented by  ill  health  from  entering 
Yale  College,  for  which  he  was  pre- 
pared. After  spending  two  years  in 
his  father 's 
country  store, 
he  came  to  Port- 
land, January  1 , 
1856,  and  en- 
tered a  flour  and 
grain  store, 
where  he  showed 
such  marked 
business  ability 
that  in  less  than 
a  year  he  be- 
came his  em- 
ployer's partner, 
the  firm  becom- 
ing Butler  & 
Chapman.  Just 
before  the  panic 
of  1857,  Mr. 
Chapman  sold 
his  interest  to 
his  partner,  but 
in  1858  he  again 
engaged  in  bus- 
iness, and  in 
1862,  with  the 
late  E.  A.  Nor- 
ton, he  estab- 
lished the  firm 
of  Norton, Chap- 
man &  Co.,  which  soon  became  one 
of  the  leading  business  houses  in  the 
state.  Some  years  later,  his  younger 
brother,  the  late  Charles  J.  Chapman, 
was  admitted,  and  when  Mr.  Norton 
retired,  Cullen  C.  Chapman  became 
the  head  of  the  firm,  which  position 
he  held  until  1877,  when  he  retired 
in  order  to  attend  to  other  interests. 
In  the  autumn  of  1890,  with  his 
brothers,  Charles  J.  and  Robert  Chap- 
man, he  started  the  Chapman  Bank- 


ing Co.,  the  business  of  which  firm 
developed  so  successfully,  that  it  was 
deemed  best  to  place  it  on  a  more 
permanent  basis.  Therefore,  he,  co- 
operating   with    his    brothers,     Hon. 


M.     Stead- 

and    many 

Chapman 

commenced 

Mr.  Chap- 


CULLEN    C.    CHAPMAN. 


Seth  L.  Larrabee,  E. 
man,  B.  M.  Edwards, 
others,  organized  The 
National  Bank,  which 
business  October  2,  1893, 
man  being  chosen  president.  Under 
its  able  and  progressive  management, 
the  bank  has 
made  rapid 
progress,  and 
attained  a  high 
standing  among 
the  finan  cial 
institutions  o  f 
the  state.  Mr. 
Chapman  is  a 
public  spirited 
man,  and  has 
always  taken  a 
deep  interest  in 
the  welfare  of 
the  city.  He 
devoted  almost 
his  entire  time 
for  more  than  a 
year  as  chair- 
man of  the  build- 
ing committee, 
and  contributed 
liberally  to  the 
erection  of  Wil- 
liston  church, 
which  has  now 
become  historic. 
He  also  erected 
and  owns  the 
Oxford  Build- 
ing, one  of  the  best  business  build- 
ings in  the  city,  which  he  named  for 
his  native  county  of  Oxford.  His 
own  residence  at  the  corner  of  Spring 
and  Thomas  streets,  which  he  built 
in  186S,  is  among  the  finest  in  the 
city.  Mr.  Chapman's  first  wife, 
Philophrene,  daughter  of  Dr.  John 
Grover,  of  Bethel,  died  December  17, 
187 1,  and  in  1873  he  married  Mrs. 
Abbie  Hart  Mclntyre,  a  daughter  of 
the    late    Hanson    M.    Hart,    of   this 


146 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


city.  They  have  had  three  children, 
Frances  Louise,  a  graduate  of  Wel- 
lesley  College,  Florence  Hart,  who 
died  in  1888,  and  Grace  Carter,  who 
is  studying  at  Abbot  Academy. 


Edwin  F.  Vose,  M.  D. 


Among  the  physicians  of  Portland, 
Edwin  Faxon  Vose  occupies  a  prom- 
inent position.  He  was  born,  of 
Puritan     ancestry,     at     Watertown, 

Mass.,   Oct.    17, 

1850,  and  re- 
ceived his  early 
education  in  the 
public  schools, 
and  at  the  Mas- 
sachusetts Agri- 
cultural College 
in  the  class  of 
1872.  After  a 
course  of  medi- 
cal study  with 
his  father,  Dr. 
Henry  C.  Vose, 
he  entered  the 
medical  depart- 
ment of  Boston 
Universi  t  y, 
graduating  from 
that  institution 
in  1876.  Before 
graduating,  he 
served  for  a  year 
as  house  sur- 
geon of  the 
Massacku  setts 
Homeopathic 
hospital.  Upon 
receiving      h  i  s 

diploma,  he  began  the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  partnership  with  Dr. 
Eliphalet  Clark,  in  Portland,  and  in 
1877,  on  the  retirement  of  Dr.  Clark, 
he  took  entire  charge  of  a  practice  in 
which  he  has  been  eminently  success- 
ful. He  was  president  of  the  Maine 
State  Homeoepathic  Medical  Society 
in  1895,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Maine 
Academy  of  Medicine.  In  1895, 
when  the  legislature  passed  the  bill 
requiring  all  physicians  practicing  in 
the  state  to  be  registered  or  pass  ex- 


EDWIN    F.    VOSE,    M.    D. 


animations,  Dr.  Vose  was  appointed 
by  Governor  Cleaves,  a  member  of 
the  examining  board.  He  is  prom- 
inently identified  with  fraternal  so- 
cieties, being. past  master  of  Portland 
Masonic  lodge,  past  high  priest  of 
Mount  Vernon  chapter,  Royal  Arch 
Masons,  past  master  of  Portland 
council,  Royal  and  Select  Masters, 
past  commander  of  Portland  com- 
mandery,  Knights  Templar,  member 
of  the  Maine  Order  of  High  Priest- 
hood, Maine 
Consist or>^  of 
thirty-s  eco  n  d 
degree  Masons, 
Aleppo  Temple, 
Nobles  of  the 
Mystic  Shrine, 
the  Order  of  the 
Red  Cross  of 
Constantine, 
and  the  Royal 
Order  of  Scot- 
land. He  is 
also  a  past  grand 
of  Hadattah 
lodge,  I.  O.  O. 
F.,  has  been  a 
member  of  Una 
encampment, 
Bramhall  lodge, 
K.  of  P.,  and  of 
Samoset  Tribe, 
I.  O.  R.  M. 
He  is  a  di- 
rector of  the 
Falmouth  Loan 
&  Building 
Association, 
and  an  active 
member  in  the  Maine  Charitable 
Mechanics  Association,  Portland 
Club,  and  the  Sodality  of  the  Sons 
of  the  Revolution.  Dr.  Vose  was 
married  July  5,  1876,  to  Lizzie 
M.  Begg,  of  Brooklyn,  New  York. 
They  have  two  children,  Eleanor 
Rae  and  Clifton  Henry  Vose.  In 
politics  Dr.  Vose  is  a  Republi- 
can, and  has  served  the  city  many 
years  as  a  member  of  the  school 
board,  and  takes  a  deep  interest  in 
educational  matters. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


147 


Hon.  George  C.  Hopkins. 


Among  the  best  known  attorneys 
of  the  state,  is  Hon.  George  C.  Hop- 
kins, who  has  an  office  .on  Exchange 
street,  Portland.  He  was  born  in 
Mount  Vernon,  Me.,  Feb.  22,  1843, 
and  received  his  education  in  the 
common  schools  and  at  Colby  uni- 
versity, graduating  from  Colby  in 
1863.  He  began  the  stud}'  of  law  at 
Augusta,  with  R.  H.  &  G.  C.  Vose, 
and  continued  with  J.  O.  A.  Griffin, 
of  Boston,  where  he  was  admitted  to 
the  bar.     He    began  the  practice   of 


opening  of  the  legislature  in  1899,  he 
took  his  seat  as  representative  from 
Deering.  The  able  manner  in  which 
he  presided  at  various  times  in  the 
absence  of  the  speaker,  has  brought 
his  name  into  prominence  as  a  prob- 
able candidate  for  the  speakership  of 
the  next  house. 


George  Libby. 


The  attorney  for  Cumberland  Coun- 
ty, George  Libby,  was  born  in  Port- 
land, October  23,    1852,   and  is  a  son 


HON.    GEO.    C.    HOPKINS. 


GEORGE   LIBBY. 


law  at  Omaha,  Neb.,  where  he  was 
admitted  to  practice  in  the  district 
and  circuit  courts.  After  three 
years  in  Omaha,  he  came  to  Port- 
land, where  he  has  since  practiced. 
He  has  published  two  legal  works, 
a  digest  of  Maine  reports,  and  the 
fourth  edition  of  Oliver's  Convey- 
ancing. Mr.  Hopkins  was  city  clerk 
of  Portland  in  1869.  Some  time  af- 
terward he  changed  his  residence  to 
Woodfords,  Deering,  and  during  the 
first  two  years  of  Deering' s  existence 
as  a  city,  he  was  city  solicitor.  In 
1896-97-98,  he  served  as  judge  of 
Deering    municipal    court.       At    the 


of  the  late  George  Libby.  .He  was 
brought  up  on  his  father's  farm  in 
Deering,  and  was  educated  in  the 
public  schools  in  Westbrook  and 
Deering,  and  attended  the  Westbrook 
Seminary  and  Gray's  Commercial 
College.  Although  he  has  become  a 
somewhat  noted  lawyer,  it  was  not 
until  after  he  had  become  married 
and  gained  a  family  of  three  chil- 
dren that  he  commenced  the  study  of 
law.  While  a  member  of  the  board 
of  selectmen  of  Deering,  his  duties 
necessitated  his  looking  up  matters  of 
law,  and  his  talent  was  discovered  by 
others,   who  strongly  advised  him  to 


148 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


stud}'    and   practice.      Among   those 
who    offered    him    an  opportunity  to 
read  law,  was  Hon.  Thomas  B.  Reed, 
in  whose   office  he  fitted  himself  for 
practice  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  April,  1884.     He  commenced  prac- 
tice and  has  continued  with  success, 
being  appointed  assistant  county  at- 
torney in  1885.     This  office  he  filled 
for  two  years,  under  County  Attorney 
Seiders.       In 
1896,  he  was 
elected  coun- 
ty    attorney, 
and    is     now 
serving      in 
that  capacity. 
He  is  a  direc- 
tor and  attor- 
ney of  the  Fal- 
mouth   Loan 
&      Building 
Association, 
a  Mason,  Odd 
Fellow,  mem- 
ber   of     the 
Knights      o  f 
Pythias     and 
the     Lincoln 
Club,  the  last 
of    which    he 
was  president 
four    years. 
He     served 
three  years  in 
the   board    of 
selectmen    of 
Deering  from 
1881.        He 
owns  a  large 
farm  of  sixty 
acres  in  Deer- 
ing,   and    re- 
sides in  Portland.    His  success  is  high- 
ly creditable  to  him, for  in  order  to  ac- 
quire   his  knowledge  of  law,  before 
being  admitted  to  the  bar,  he  studied 
sixteen  hours  a  day.     Beside  attend- 
ing to  his  duties  as  county  attorney, 
he  has  a  lucrative  general  law  practice. 


H.    W.    SHAYLOR. 


H.  W.  Shaylor. 


H.  W.  Shaylor,  since  1870  teacher 


of  drawing  and  penmanship  in  the 
public  schools  of  Portland,  and  author 
of  the  text-books  on  the  so-called 
Shaylor  system  of  penmanship,  was 
born  in  Astabula,  Ohio,  fifty-four 
j^ears  ago.  He  was  educated  in  the 
common  schools  of  his  native  town 
and  at  Kingsville  Academy.  From 
early  boyhood  he  showed  a  marked 
talent  for  drawing,  and  in  a  log  cabin 

school  called 
"Jericho," 
Geneva,  O., 
he  took  his 
first  course  in 
penmanshi  p. 
His  teacher 
was  P.  R. 
Spencer,  the 
author  of  the 
world-famous 

5  p  e  n  c  e  rian 
system  of 
penmanshi  p, 
Mr.  Shaylor' s 
aim  was  to 
fit  himself  for 
teaching,  and 
when  Bryant 

6  S  t  r  a  tton 
began  to  es- 
tablish busi- 
ness colleges, 
he  was  en- 
gaged  to 
teach  pen- 
manship in 
the  Bryant, 
S  t  r  a  tton  & 
Gray  busi- 
ness college, 
fou  nded  in 
Portland      in 

1864.  In  1870,  he  was  appointed 
teacher  of  drawing  and  penmanship 
in  the  public  schools,  retaining  his 
connection  with  the  college,  however, 
teaching  evening  classes  for  about 
twenty-one  years.  In  1885,  he  pre- 
pared his  first  system  of  penmanship, 
called  the  "slant"  system,  which 
was  published  as  the  Harper  Bros.' 
series  of  copy  books.  Within  five 
years  this  series  had  attained   a  sale 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


149 


of  two  million  copies,  and  was  more 
extensively  used  in  New  England 
than  all  other  copy  books.  About 
three  years  ago,  impressed  with  the 
advantages  of  vertical  writing  in  the 
matter  of  legibility  and  speed,  he 
prepared  the  now  celebrated  Shaylor 
system  of  vertical  writing.  The  copy 
books  are  published  by  Ginu  &  Co., 
and  have  been  extensively  adopted 
by  scho  ols 
throughout 
the  country. 
Mr.  Shaylor's 
natural  bent 
is  toward  the 
artistic,  and 
in  addition  to 
the  teaching 
of  drawing  in 
the  public 
s  c  h  o  o  Is, 
wherein  the 
pupils  have 
shown  prog- 
ress excelled 
by  very  few 
large  cities, 
he  has  done 
much  sketch- 
ing, and  has 
made  innum- 
erable p  i  c- 
tures  in  oil 
and  water 
colors.  Mr. 
Shaylor  is  al- 
so author  of 
the  Normal 
series  of  draw- 
ing books, 
published  by 
Silver,     Bur- 

dette  &  Co.  Mr.  Shaylor  was  for- 
merly a  member  of  the  National  Pen- 
manship Association,  which  was 
afterward  merged  into  the  Commer- 
cial College  Association,  and  he 
therefore  possesses  a  wide  acquaint- 
ance among  teachers  of  penmanship 
in  the  United  States,  in  addition  to 
the  reputation  he  has  achieved 
through  the  use  of  his  text-books  in 
schools.     Among  his  most  cherished 


treasures  are  the  unsolicited  testimo- 
nials from  the  teachers  in  Portland's 
public  schools,  as  to  his  ability  as  a 
teacher  of  drawing  and  penmanship. 
And  his  pupils  unite  with  the  teachers 
in  their  expressions  of  confidence  and 
esteem.  Mr.  Shaylor  is  a  member  of 
High  St.  Congregational  church,  and 
one  of  Portland's  most  valued  citizens. 


Ira   F.    Clark 
&   Co. 


C.    E.    REDLOIM. 


Condu  ct- 
ing  one  of  the 
largest  and 
hands  omest 
clothing  and 
furnishing 
goods  stores 
east  of  Bos- 
ton, under 
the  above 
firm  name,  is 
Charles  H. 
Redlon.  He 
is  known  as 
one  of  the 
most  energet- 
ic, industri- 
ous and  suc- 
c  e  s  s  f  u  1  of 
local  m  e  r- 
chants,  and 
h  i  s  reputa- 
tion as  a  thor- 
oughly alive 
and  progres- 
sive dealer 
has  been  just- 
ly attained. 
He  first  start- 
ed business 
just  above  the  present  location. 
When  he  contemplated  fitting  up  his 
present  store,  he  removed  to  a  tem- 
porary location  on  Free  street.  The 
enlarging  and  remodeling  of  the  pres- 
ent establishment,  which  comprises 
what  was  once  two  stores,  with  nota- 
ble enlargements,  especially  in  the 
basement,  which  was  enlarged  to  form 
the  boys'  and  children's  departments, 
showed    marked    enterprise   on    Mr. 


150 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Recllon's  part,  the  entire  work  being 
done  at  his  own  expense.  The  store, 
possessing  two  separate  tile  entrances, 
is  one  of  the  largest,  airiest  and  best 
lighted  in  the  state.  A  large  and  de- 
sirable stock  of  men's,  youths',  boys' 
and  children's  clothing,  hats,  caps 
and  furnishings  is  carried,  and  the 
motto  of  the  store  is,  "One  Price  and 
Spot  Cash."  There  are  fifteen  clerks 
and  bookkeeper  and  cashier,  and  the 
store  always  has  the  appearance  of  a 
lively  business.  The  store  is  lighted 
by  gas  and  electricity,  and  comprises 
2,600  feet  of  floor  surface,  and  the 
fixtures,  shelving,  sliding  hat  cases, 
cashier's  and  proprietor's  private  office 
are  finished  in  oak.  Mr.  Redlon  is  a 
naturally  good  buyer  and  possesses 
the  faculty  of  drawing  trade  and  re- 
taining it  at  his  store.  He  believes 
in  a  generous  amount  of  printers'  ink, 
and  the  public  long  since  learned  to 
place  confidence  in  his  advertising 
statements.  Mr.  Redlon  was  born  in 
this  city  34  years  ago,  and  has  resided 
here  all  his  life.  He  is,  therefore, 
well  known.  He  has  always  shown 
an  active  interest  in  the  welfare  of 
Portland,  and  is  an  active  member  of 
the  Portland  Board  of  Trade.  His 
notable  business  career  and  signal  suc- 
cess have  placed  him  in  the  front  ranks 
of  Maine  retail  merchants.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Portland  Athletic  Club 
but  has  never  become  affiliated  with 
outside  business,  or  affairs  which 
would  prevent  him  from  giving  his 
entire  and  concentrated  effort  to  his 
large  and  growing  business;  hence 
his  success. 


L.  A.  Goudy. 


Closely  identified  with  Portland's 
material  prosperity,  is  Lewis  A. 
Goudy.  He  is  a  native  of  Boothbay, 
Me.,  and  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  that  town,  and  the 
graded  schools  of  Bath.  In  1866,  he 
entered  the  employ  of  the  Maine  Cen- 
tral Railroad  at  Bath,  as  clerk.  After 
three  years'  service  with  the  M.  C.  R. 
R.,  he  became  employed    as  general 


clerk  and  bookkeeper  by  Waldron  & 
True,  wholesale  flour  and  grain  deal- 
ers of  Portland,  with  whom  he  re- 
mained from  1869  to  1 88 1.  He  then 
began  the  manufacture  of  biscuits 
and  bakery  products,  in  Portland,  to 
which  the  manufacture  of  confection- 
ery was  added  in  1885,  under  the  firm 
name  of  L.  A.  Goudy  &  Co.  Subse- 
quently the  business  was  consolidated 
with  that  of  R.  Kent  &  Son,  and  con- 
tinued under  the  name  of  Goudy  & 
Kent,  and  which,  in  1893,  was  made 
a  corporation,  with  Mr.  Goudy  as 
president  and  general  manager,  the 
business  increasing  rapidly  under  his 


L     A.    GOUDY. 

management.  After  several  years, 
Mr.  Goudy  severed  his  connection 
with  the  company,  and  became  vice- 
president  and  foreign  manager  of  the 
Anglo  American  Cuban  Co.,  of  Bos- 
ton, for  which  company  he  has  spent 
several  months  in  the  West  Indies, 
visiting  all  parts  of  Cuba,  and  secur- 
ing valuable  options  on  properties  for 
development  in  the  future.  Mr. 
Goudy's  untiring  energy  and  high 
executive  ability  make  him  a  valuable 
citizen  in  a  progressive  community. 
He  has  ever  identified  himself  with 
whatever  would  advance  Portland's 
interests,  having  been  vice-president 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


151 


of  the  board  of  trade  for  several  years. 
Among  the  companies  organized 
through  his  assistance,  may  be  men- 
tioned the  Belknap  Motor  Co.,  Lake- 
side Press  and  Casco  Paper  Box  Co. 
He  gave  largely  of  his  time  and 
money  to  the  work  of  raising  funds 
for  the  relief  of  the  starving  Cuban 
Reconcentradoes.  He  is  now  serving 
his  second  term  as  a  member  of  the 
Portland  city  government,  in  which  he 
is  a  firm  and  outspoken  supporter  of 
good  municipal  government.  He  is 
known  as  one  who  hates  sham  and 
hypocrisy,  and  in  all  his  social  and 
business  relations  he  is  the  embodi- 
ment of  the  progressive  spirit  of  the 
agre  in  which  he  lives. 


city  government,  a  member  of  the 
common  council  in  1891-92-93,  and 
of  the  board  of  aldermen  in  1896-97. 
He  was  the  youngest  member  of  the 
board,  and  probably  the  youngest 
ever  serving  as  alderman  in  the  city. 
He  won  a  good  reputation  for  his  bus- 
iness capacity  and  as  an  authority  on 
parliamentary  law.  Dec.  30,  1895, 
he  was  appointed,  by  Gov.  Cleaves, 
public  administrator  for  the  county 
of  Cumberland,  which  office  he  still 
holds.  He  is  treasurer  and  attorney 
for  the  Forest  City  Loan  &  Building 
Asso-,  and  is  the  present  advocate  of 
Portland  Council,  Knights  of  Colum- 


John  B.  Kehoe. 

One  of  the  rising  younger  lawyers 
of  Portland,  is  John  Butterfield  Ke- 
hoe. He  is  the  son  of  Carroll  Kehoe, 
a  native  of  Perry,  Me.,  and  Johanna 
Kennedy,  a  native  of  Ireland,  and 
was  born  in  Portland,  January  20, 
1867.  He  was  educated  in  Portland 
public  schools,  graduating  from  the 
high  school  in  1886.  He  then  en- 
tered business  college,  graduating  in 
the  usual  course.  He  then  be- 
came a  stenographer  in  the  office  of 
Drummond  &  Drummond.  His  al- 
most wonderful  memory  enabled  him 
to  remember  the  substance  of  opinions 
which  he  was  called  upon  to  write 
out,  and  in  the  course  of  time  became 
so  much  interested  that  he  desired  to 
become  a  lawyer.  He,  therefore, 
commenced  study,  at  the  same  time 
continuing  to  perform  his  duties  as 
stenographer.  He  was  admitted  to 
the  Cumberland  bar,  in  1894,  passing 
an  exceedingly  creditable  examina- 
tion. He  immediately  opened  an 
office  in  the  Danforth  block,  where 
he  has  since  built  up  a  successful 
practice  and  won  considerable  repu- 
tation as  a  jury  lawyer.  He  has  tak- 
en much  interest  in  political  matters, 
and  after  becoming  of  age,  he  was 
elected  warden  of  his  ward.  He  has 
since  served  in  both  branches  of  the 


JOHN    B.    KEHOE. 

bus.  He  was  married  in  1897,  to 
Miss  Lottie  May  Sturdivant,  of  East 
Deering.  His  industry,  pluck,  per- 
severance, and  self-reliance  are  the 
foundations  of  his  success. 


Samuel  L.  Bates. 


Prominent  among  the  younger 
members  of  Cumberland  bar,  is  Sam- 
uel L.  Bates,  who  moved  to  Portland 
from  Brooksville,  Hancock  County. 
He  was  born  in  Michigan,  thirty- 
three  years  ago,  but  is  really  a  Maine 
boy,  as  his  family  for  several  gener- 
ations have  been  residents  of  Brooks- 
ville.   He  was  educated  in  the  common 


152 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


schools  and  at  the  state  normal  school 
at  Castine.  Mr.  Bates  was  a  poor 
boy  and,  during  his  school  years,  met 
his  expenses  by  following  the  sea. 
He  made  a  number  of  voyages,  and 
was  in  merchant  vessels,  in  all,  six 
years.  After  graduating  at  the  state 
normal  school,  he  devoted  several 
years  to  teaching  in  the  common  and 
high  schools  of  this  state,  in  Han- 
cock, Washington,  Piscataquis  and 
Knox  counties.  He  began  reading 
law  in  this  city  in  the  offices  of  John 
C.  &  F.  H.  Cobb,  in  1S92,  and  was 
admitted  to  the  bar  two  years  later. 
While    a    law  student,    he  did  much 


A.  M.  Wentworth. 


This  leading  optician,  who  has  a 
well  furnished  and  equipped  office  at 
546  1-2  Congress  street,  was  born  in 
Dover,  N.  H.,  and  resided  there  un- 
til about  twenty  years  of  age.  He 
received  his  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  that  city,  and  at  Franklin 
Academy.  He  has  resided  in  Port- 
land since  1873.  Mr.  Wentworth 
has  made  a  deep  and  constant  study 
of  his  profession,  and  is  thoroughly 
versed  in  the  science    of  optics,   and 


S.    L.    BATES. 

newspaper  work,  and  represented  the 
Portland  Argus,  at  Augusta,  during  a 
session  of  the  legislature.  He  began 
the  practice  of  law  in  this  city  in 
1895,  where  he  becomes  better  known 
each  year,  and  now  has  a  growing 
general  practice.  Mr.  Bates  is  an  in- 
terested worker  in  politics,  and  has 
several  times  filled  places  on  the 
Democratic  ticket.  He  is  a  present 
member  of  the  Democratic  city  com- 
mittee, and  is  the  chairman  of  the 
county  committee.  During  each  po- 
litical campaign,  his  services  are 
enlisted  as  a  speaker  and  writer. 
His  office  is  at  45  Exchange  street. 


A.    M.    WENTWORTH. 

has  established  an  enviable  reputa- 
tion as  a  painstaking,  reliable  and 
scientific  optician.  Mr.  Wentworth 
has  connected  with  his  office  a  man- 
ufacturing department,  where  he 
grinds  all  of  his  own  lenses  and  does 
all  of  his  own  mechanical  work.  He 
is  a  member  of  Atlantic  Dodge,  Free 
and  Accepted  Masons,  and  one  of  the 
organizers  of  the  New  England  Opti- 
cal Association,  and  also  a  charter 
member  of  the  American  Association 
of  Opticians. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 
Hon.  M.  P.  Frank.  Frederick  S.  Vaill. 


153 


This  well  known  citizen  of  Port- 
land, and  recent  Democratic  nominee 
for  governor,  was  born  in  Gray,  Me., 
December  29,  1S41.  He  obtained  his 
education  in  the  common  schools  and 
Maine  State  Seminary  and  L,ewiston 
Falls  Academy,  subsequently  attend- 
ing and  graduating  at  Tufts  College. 
He  commenced  the  study  of  law  in 
the  office  of  Shepley  &  Strout,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  1868,  con- 
tinuing with  success  in  this  city,  to 
the  present  time.     He  has  for  the  past 


Among  the  most  prominent  and 
enterprising  of  our  local  real  estate 
agents,  is  Frederick  Sturtevant  Vaill, 
whose  trade-mark,  the  large  red  V, 
adorns  a  great  many  of  Portland's 
vacant  houses.  He  is  a  son  of  Cap- 
tain Edward  E.  Vaill,  formerly  of 
the  United  States  navy,  and  Char- 
lotte F.  Sturtevant,  daughter  of  the 
late  Captain  Isaac  F.  Sturtevant, 
whose  father,  Isaac  Sturtevant,  of 
State  street,  is  remembered  by  older 
citizens    as   being   one    of    the    most 


HON.    M.    P.    FRANK. 


FRED'K    S.    VAILL. 


fourteen  years  been  a  member  of  the 
law  firm  of  Frank  &  Darrabee.  He 
has  served  two  terms  in  the  legisla- 
ture, one  year  as  speaker,  and  in 
1890  was  the  Democratic  candidate 
for  congress  from  this  district. 
When  speaker  of  the  house  in  1870, 
he  enjoyed  the  distinction  of  being 
the  only  Democratic  speaker  chosen 
in  sixty  years.  He  is  the  present 
bail  commissioner  of  the  county,  and 
is  one  of  the  trustees  of  Westbrook 
Seminary  and  the  Pennell  Institute 
at  Gray. 


prosperous  merchants  of  his  day.  He 
is  also  a  lineal  descendant  of  Captain 
Myles  Standish  of  Pilgrim  fame,  and 
John  and  Priscilla  Alden,  and  a 
member  of  the  Massachusetts  Society 
of  Mayflower  Descendants,  Society 
of  the  Colonial  Wars,  Sons  of  the 
American  Revolution,  and  the  cele- 
brated lodge  of  F.  and  A.  M.,  Kane 
454  of  New  York  city,  which  num- 
bers among  its  members  the  Right 
Rev.  Henry  C.  Potter,  D.  D.,  bishop 
of  New  York,  and  Hon.  Chauncey 
M.  Depew. 


154 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Norton  &  Hall. 


Conducting  a  large  and  old  estab- 
lished business  under  a  comparative- 
ly new  firm  name,  is  the  concern  of 
Norton  &  Hall,  whose  quarters  on 
the  ground  floor,  17  Exchange  street, 
comprise  one  of  the  finest  and  busi- 
est offices  in  Portland.  The  firm  was 
formed  after  the  death  of  Augustus 
Champlin  in  1897,  to  continue  the 
fire  insurance  business  formerly  con- 
ducted by  him,  combining  with  the 
large  marine  insurance  carried  on  by 
Mr.  Hall.  The  individual  members 
are   Albert  B.    Hall,    who   for  many 


state  agents  for  the  Fidelity  &  De- 
posit Co.,  of  Maryland,  one  of  the 
largest  surety  bond  companies  in  the 
United  States.  Mr.  Norton  is  spec- 
ial agent  for  Maine,  New  Hampseire 
and  Vermont,  of  the  North  British 
&  Mercantile  Insurance  Co.,  and  Mr. 
Hall  is  attorney  for  the  Portland  Ma- 
rine Underwriters.  Since  forming 
the  present  firm,  their  prompt  adjust- 
ment of  all  losses,  with  the  high 
standing  and  wide  circle  of  acquaint- 
ance of  the  members,  have  done  much 
toward  building  up  their  business  to 
its  present  proportions.  While  the 
firm    have   since    added    a  few  other 


R.    S.    NORTON. 


A.    B.    HALL. 


years  had  been  identified  with  marine 
insurance,  and  the  shipping  interests 
of  this  port,  and  Ralph  S.  Norton, 
who,  for  several  years  was  associated 
with  Mr.  Champlin.  Norton  &  Hall 
started  business  with  agencies  of  such 
companies  as  the  North  British  & 
Mercantile  Ins.  Co.,  of  London  and 
Edinburgh,  the  Philadelphia  Under- 
writers, and  the  Germania  of  New 
York,  all  of  which  are  among  the 
leading  and  most  reliable  companies 
of  the  world.  Early  in  1898,  the  firm 
added  to  their  business  that  of  Wil- 
liam F.  Little,  who  has  since  been 
associated  with  them.     The  firm  are 


companies  to  those  above  mentioned, 
they  have  shown  a  wise  policy  and 
thorough  knowledge  of  their  business 
by  insuring  property  in  a  few  desira- 
ble and  safe  ones,  rather  than  in  a 
large  number,  about  whose  strength 
there  might  be  question.  The  mem- 
bers of  the  firm  stand  high  in  busi- 
ness circles.  Mr.  Hall  is  particularly 
well  known  in  Portland,  having  al- 
ways resided  here,  and  has  for  several 
years  been  a  valued  member  of  the 
school  board,  and  one  of  the  vice- 
presidents  of  the  Portland  Board  of 
Trade.    Both  are  substantial  business 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i55 


E.  S.  Fossett. 


One  of  the  many  esteemed  citizens 
of  Portland  is  E.  S.  Fossett,  a  resi- 
dent of  Munjoy  Hill,  and  proprietor 
of  the  Freeman  Pharmacal  Co.  He 
was  born  in  1850,  in  Union,  Me., 
where  his  father,  George  Fossett,  eon- 
ducted  a  general  store  continuously 
for  57  years.  He  received  a  common 
school  education  and  came  to  Port- 
land in  1872,  obtaining  employment 
with  Shepard  &  Co.,  for  whom  he 
traveled  on  the  road  until  1880,  when 
he  accepted  a  position  with  Deering, 
Milliken  &  Co.     In  1886,  he  obtained 


Union,  and  occasionally  from  abroad. 
In  politics,  Mr.  Fossett  is  a  Demo- 
crat, and  has  been  honored  by  his 
party  with  nominations  for  both 
branches  of  the  city  government,  and 
in  1885  was  appointed  deputy  collect- 
or of  internal  revenue  by  President 
Cleveland,  which  honor  he  declined, 
in  order  to  devote  his  time  to  mercan- 
tile business.  He  is  a  member  of 
Iyigonia  Lodge,  I.  O.  O.  F.;  and  the 
Pilgrim  Fathers.  Of  the  latter  order 
he  was  for  four  years  supreme  direc- 
tor for  Maine.  He  is  a  director  of 
the  Small  Point  Land  Association. 
Mr.  Fossett  has  been  twice  married, 


E.    S.    FOSSETT. 

a  more  lucrative  position  with  Weil, 
Dreyfus  &  Co.,  of  Boston,  and  in 
1892  he  severed  his  connection  with 
that  firm  to  become  manager  of  the 
Freeman-Rice  Medicine  Co.,  of  Port- 
land, the  business  of  which  he  in- 
creased notably,  purchased  in  1894, 
and  now  conducts  under  the  name 
of  the  Freeman  Pharmacal  Co.  The 
principal  goods  manufactured  are 
Dr.  Freeman's  balsam  of  fir  wafers, 
toothache  wax,  and  celery  and  caf- 
feine capsules.  The  demand  for  these 
ready  selling  and  meritorious  prepa- 
rations has  increased  until  he  is  now 
filling  orders  from  every  state  in  the 


G.    M.    DONHAM. 


in  1870  to  PhebeR.  Hawes,  deceased, 
and  in  1893  to  Mrs.  Angela  R.  Pet- 
tengill. 


G.  M.  Donham. 


Probably  one  of  the  best  known  men 
in  the  state,  is  Grenville  Mellen  Don- 
ham,  publisher  of  the  Maine  Regis- 
ter. He  was  born  in  Hebron,  Me., 
Aug.  20,  1838,  and  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools,  teaching  school  at 
the  age  of  15  years.  In  1856,  he  re- 
moved to  Turner,  and  fitted  for  col- 
lege at  Turner  High  School  and 
Hebron  Academy .     He  was  graduated 


156 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


from  Waterville,  now  Colby  College, 
in  1865.  After  graduation,  he  be- 
came general  agent  for  the  Henry 
Bill  Publishing  Co.,  and  in  1S70  acted 
as  United  States  deputy  marshal  for 
taking  the  census  of  Turner.  On 
coming  to  Portland  in  1874,  he  be- 
came a  member  of  the  firm  of  Hoyt, 
Fogg  &  Donham,  who  published  the 
Maine  Register.  In  1886,  he  became 
sole  proprietor  of  this  official  year 
book,  and  has  since  devoted  his  ener- 
gies to  its 
publ  ica- 
tion.  This 
book  is  a 
com  p  1  e  t  e 
politic  al 
m  a  n  u  a  1 
and  busi- 
ness direc- 
tory  of 
Maine.  It 
stands  at 
the  head 
of  its  class, 
and  was 
the  only 
state  regis- 
ter receiv- 
ing a  med- 
al at  the 
World's 
Fair  in 
1893.  Mr- 
Do  n  h  a  m 
has  served 
as  a  mem- 
ber of  the 
s  c  h  o  o  1 
boards     of 


MECHANICS   HALL   BUILDING,    STORE   OF  CARTER   BROS'   CO. 


Turner  and  Portland.  He  is  a  member 
of  Congress  St.  M.  E.  church,  and  for 
ten  years  has  been  superintendent  of 
its  Sunday-school.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  Maine  Beta  of  Phi  Beta 
Kappa,  Colby  College.  Mr.  Don- 
ham  was  married,  Oct.  28,  1874,  to 
Annie  Gregory  Winterbotham,  of 
Fredericton,  N.  B. 


Carter  Bros.  Co. 


'Unquestioned    reliability "     is    a 


term  that  can  be  applied  as  character- 
izing the  concern  of  Carter  Bros.  Co., 
whose  jewelry  store  is  located  in  the 
historic  Mechanics  Hall  block,  at 
the  corner  of  Congress  and  Casco 
streets.  On  Portland's  main  thor- 
oughfare, in  the  heart  of  the  shop- 
ping district,  this  establishment  is 
regarded  as  one  of  the  landmarks  of 
the  Forest  City.  The  business  was 
started  by  A.  Dunnyonin  1854.  After 
the    big    fire    in   1866,   Mr.   Dunnyon 

moved  into 
the  store  in 
Mechanics 
Hall  block, 
where  he 
conducted 
a  success- 
ful busi- 
ness until 
1 872,  when 
he  was 
succeeded 
by  the  firm 
o  f  Carter 
Bros.,  the 
corapa  ny 
comp  ris- 
ing Abiel 
and  J.  W. 
D.  Carter. 
In  1898, 
the  senior 
m  erabe  r, 
Abiel  Car- 
ter, died, 
and  since 
that  time 
J.  W.  D. 
and  Willis 
E.  Carter  have  composed  the  corpora- 
tion. This  store  is  to  the  city  of  Port- 
land what  Tiffany's  is  to  New  York. 
It  is  the  largest  and  best  jewelry  estab- 
lishment in  New  England,  east  of 
Boston;  it  carries  a  large  stock  of 
diamonds,  watches,  jewelry,  silver- 
ware, cut  glass,  etc.,  and  has  won  a 
reputation  which  could  be  built  up 
to  its  present  standard  only  by  years 
of  strictly  honest  dealings  with  the 
buying  public.  Customers  through- 
out the  state  have  come  to  understand 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i57 


INTERIOR,   CARTER   BROS.    CO.S   STORE. 


and  rely  upon  the  fact  that  whenever 
they  make  a  purchase  at  this  store, 
whether  it  be  large  or  small,  whether 
the  purchase  is  made  personally  or 
otherwise,  they  get  just  what  they 
pay  for.  This  element  of  confidence 
shown  by  the  public  in  a  business 
firm,  is  not  unique,  but  it  is  so  un- 
common as  to  be  worthy  of  note,  in 
this  case.  Articles  in  gold,  sterling 
silver,  or  cut  glass,  coming  from  the 
store  of  Carter  Bros.  Co.,  are  regarded 
as  correct  for  all  occasions  of  import- 
ance in  the  highest  social  circles.  A 
force  of  eight  competent  and  court- 
eous clerks  is  employed  in  this  store, 
and  watch  repairing  and  engraving 
receive  the  personal  attention  of  ex- 
perts. The  individual  members  of 
the  firm  occupy  a  prominent  place  in 
the  jewelry  trade  of  New  England. 
They  are  expert  judges  of  diamonds 
and  other  precious  stones,  and  are 
personally  popular  with  all  their  cus- 
tomers. In  their  business  no  detail, 
be  it  ever  so  small,  is  beneath  their 
consideration,  and  no  commission, 
however  large  and  important,  is  be- 
yond the  scope  of  their  ability.     The 


store  of  Carter  Bros.  Co.,  is  one  in 
which  Portland  people  take  pardon- 
able pride. 


Owen,  Moore  &  Co. 


Owen,  Moore  &  Co.,  established 
iu  1S74,  importers,  manufacturers, 
and  wholesale  and  retail  dealers  in 
fancy  goods,  occupy  the  largest  and 
best  strictly  fancy  goods  store  in  New 
England.  Since  the  material  en- 
largement of  their  quarters  two  years 
ago,  the  establishment  covers  25,000 
square  feet  of  surface  on  one  floor. 
The  store,  which  extends  back  from 
the  street  to  a  depth  of  200  feet,  is 
thoroughly  metropolitan  in  appear- 
ance, and  its  interior  beauty  and 
attractiveness  make  it  one  of  the 
show  places  for  strangers  visiting  the 
city:  The  business  calls  for  the  em- 
ployment of  about  100  clerks.  The 
present  highly  organized  establish- 
ment is  in  marked  contrast  to  the 
original  store  of  the  firm,  which  was 
opened  on  Congress  street,  a  few 
blocks  east  of  the  present  location,  a 
quarter  of  a  century  ago.     When  the 


158 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


erection  of  the  block  now  occupied 
was  contemplated  by  Gen.  Neal  Dow, 
the  firm  showed  its  good  business 
foresight  in  arranging  for  a  location 
on  the  ground  floor  of  the  building, 
which,  although  now  situated  in  the 
heart  of  the  shopping  district,  was 
then  by  many  considered  to  be  too 
far  away  from  the  center  of  trade. 
This  concern  is  now  a  close  stock 
company,  the  owners  of  which  are 
the  same  as  of  the  original  firm. 
The)T  are:  George  M.  Moore,  presi- 
dent, 
has 
some 
b    e 


fame.  The  store  is  a  model  of  mod- 
ern convenience,  and  possesses, 
among  man}-  other  improvements,  its 
own  electric  light  and  power  plant. 
The  throngs  of  customers  which  fre- 
quent this  busy  store  speak  signifi- 
cantly of  the  desirability  of  the  stock 
carried,  and  of  the  popularity  of  the 
methods  adopted  as  the  policy  of  the 
management. 


Elinor  S.  Moody. 


are: 

who 

for 

time 

e  n 
abroad, 
taking  no 
active  part 
in  them an- 
agem  en  t; 
George  C. 
O  w  e  n  , 
treasurer, 
and  Albert 
G.  Rollins, 
g  eneral 
m  a  n  ager. 
This  con- 
cern, deal- 
i  n  g  in 
draperies, 
lace  cur- 
tains, pat- 
terns, and 
apparel  for 
men,  wom- 
en and 
children, 

carrying  elinor  s.  moody. 

nothing 

but  standard  grades  of  goods  and 
catering  to  a  desirable  trade  constitu- 
ency, makes  a  specialty  of  high-class 
novelties,  and  the  store  has  the  rep- 
utation, which  it  fully  deserves,  of 
of  never  putting  anything  cheap  or 
undesirable  in  quality  before  the 
public.  Excellent  taste  in  buying, 
and  the  ability  to  please  and  satisfy 
all  patrons  with  regard  to  goods  man- 
ufactured here,  have  earned  for  this 
concern  widespread  and  well-merited 


In    verifying: 


the    statement    that 
Portia  n  d 
possesses 
successful 
and  active 
b  u  s  i  n  e  ss 
a 
of 
El- 
S. 
is 
in 


women 
sketch 
Miss 
inor 
Moody 
offered 
evidence. 
She     was 
born      in 
Scarboro, 
Maine,  and 
r  e  c  eived 
the  advant- 
ages   of    a 
liberal  ed- 
ucation , 
finish  ing 
the      same 
at       the 
Gorham 
Normal 
School. 
She    after- 
ward  took 
the     commercial    course    at    Gray's 
Business  College,   and  later  took  up 
the  study  of  phonography,   and  hav- 
ing mastered  that  art,  secured  an  ap- 
pointment   as   special   court   stenog- 
rapher,  and  for  the  past  nine    years 
has  done  expert  work  in  both  Cuih- 
berland    and    York    counties.      Her 
work  has  been  of  such  a  character  as 
to  earn  for  her  the  reputation  of  be- 
ing the  ablest  woman  in  her  profes- 
sion in  this  state.     In  the  summer  of 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i59 


1898,  Miss  Moody  opened  offices  at 
80  Exchange  street,  where,  with  Miss 
Edna  Caswell  as  an  assistant,  she  has 
since  conducted  a  large  shorthand 
school.  In  this  school,  although  es- 
tablished but  a  few  months,  Miss 
Moody  conducts  an  institution  of 
great  value,  as  many  of  the  young 
men  and  women  attend  this  school, 
each  one  receiving  individual  instruc- 
tion. All  branches  of  office  work  are 
taught,  and  each  student  before  grad- 
uating has  had  something  of  experi- 
ence in  real  office  business.  Miss 
Moody  is  also  the  selling  agent  for 
the  Bar- lock  typewriter  for  this  state, 
in  the  sale  of  which  estimable  ma- 
chine she  has  made  a  progress  in 
placing  it  in  business  offices,  that 
would  do  credit  to  a  dozen  good  sales- 
men. Miss  Moody  opened  her  pres- 
ent offices  contrary  to  the  advice  and 
judgment  of  many  of  her  friends,  and 
with  some  misgivings  on  her  own 
part;  but  in  closing  up  the  year,  the 
result  shows  that  their  prognostica- 
tions were  unnecessary,  for  in  a  few 
months  she  has  taken  a  prominent 
position  in  business  circles,  and  has 
won  the  admiration  of  her  friends, 
and  the  good- will  of  the  community. 
From  girlhood  she  has  been  a  hard 
student,  entering  thoroughly  into 
whatever  she  has  undertaken.  She 
understands  her  own  business  capa- 
city and  displays  rare  discerning 
ability  and  native  shrewdness.  High- 
ly proficient  in  music,  having  taken  a 
four  years'  course  with  one  of  New 
England's  best  masters,  she,  five 
years  ago,  passed  examinations  and 
was  elected  to  the  faculty  of  a  young 
men  college  in  Ohio,  as  teacher  of 
music.  Miss  Moody  has  also  taken 
the  civil  service  examination,  and  has 
been  offered  three  high  salaried  gov- 
ernment positions  at  Washington. 
She  has  recently  received  a  flattering 
offer  to  become  confidential  clerk  to 
a  prominent  law  firm  in  New  York 
city,  but  she  prefers  to  keep  her 
home  and  business  in  Maine.  Miss 
Moody  has  done  quite  a  little  in  real 
estate  and  owns  several  fine  houses. 


Portland  Trust  Company. 


The  Portland  Trust  Company,  the 
oldest  and  largest  trust  company  in 
the  State  of  Maine,  was  organized  in 
1885,  and  began  business  in  January 
of  that  year.  The  authorized  capital 
is  $1,000,000,  of  which  $200,000  has 
been  paid  in,  in  cash.  By  its  charter, 
the  company  is  required  to  keep  a 
reserve  of  15  per  cent,  of  its  demand 
deposits,  the  same  as  that  of  national 
banks.  Like  the  latter,  too,  its  stock- 
holders are  subject  to  a  double  liabil- 
ity on  their  stock,  and  the  company 
to  examinations  by  the  bank  exam- 
iner. During  the  past  fourteen  years, 
this  company  has  accumulated,  after 
paying  expenses,  and  dividends 
amounting  to  $99,000,  and  charging 
off  all  bad  debts,  a  surplus  of  $135,000. 
The  capital  is  wholly  invested  in 
United  States  four  per  cent,  bonds, 
and  the  deposits  are  now  $1,200,000. 
Beside  its  usual  banking  and  trust 
company  business,  of  receiving  de- 
posits and  loaning  money,  this  bank 
makes  a  special  feature  of  the  pur- 
chase and  sale  of  first-class  invest- 
ment securities,  suitable  for  trust 
funds,  savings  banks,  and  private  in- 
vestors. All  bonds  sold  by  it  have 
passed  through  the  panics  of  recent 
years,  including  those  of  1890  and 
1893,  without  any  loss  to  its  custom- 
ers, showing  the  care  and  conserva- 
tism exercised  by  the  management. 
In  January,  1898,  the  trust  company 
leased,  on  long  time  and  favorable 
terms,  the  vaults  and  business  of  the 
Portland  Safe  Deposit  Company,  and 
moved  its  banking  rooms  to  89  Ex- 
change street,  Portland  Savings  Bank 
building,  thus  connecting  with  the 
premises  of  the  Safe  Deposit  Company. 
The  Trust  Company  thereby  secured 
larger  and  better  offices,  and  offers  its 
patrons  and  the  public,  safes  in  the 
best  equipped  and  most  thoroughly 
constructed  safe  deposit  vaults  in 
Maine.  The  location  is  the  most 
central  and  convenient  in  Portland, 
and  every  safeguard  is  used  for  the 
protection  of  safe  renters.     The  com- 


i6o 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


pany  employs  two  watchmen  at  night, 
and  three  persons  are  in  constant  at- 
tendance by  day,  in  the  safe  deposit 
department.  The  banking  rooms 
were  attractively  and  thoroughly 
fitted  up  in  cherry,  with  oxydized 
brass  grill  work,  the  floor  being  mo- 
saic. The  vSafe  Deposit  Company 
completely  refitted  its  quarters  when 
the  new  vault  was  built.     The  Port- 


street  to  each  department,  that  the 
utmost  privacy  is  given  to  all  renters 
of  safes  in  the  safe  deposit  vaults, 
and,  as  the  rooms  are  directly  con- 
nected with  each  other,  the  custom- 
ers of  either  department  can  transact 
all  of  their  business  without  leaving 
the  building.  The  officers  of  the 
Portland  Trust  Company  are  :  Wil- 
liam G.   Davis,  president  ;   James  P. 


INTERIOR,    BANKING    DEPARTMENT,    PORTLAND  TRUST  CO. 


land  Safe  Deposit  Company  is  the 
oldest  and  largest  in  the  city  and 
state;  and  recently  erected  a  thor- 
oughly modern  and  capacious  vault 
to  take  the  place  of  the  old  one,  which 
had  been  in  use  for  twenty-two  years. 
Every  facility  is  afforded  the  custom- 
ers of  both  institutions  for  transacting 
any  business  of  a  financial  nature, 
under  one  roof.  The  arrangement  is 
such,  by  separate  entrances  from  the 


Baxter,  vice-president;  Harry  Butler, 
treasurer;  Joshua  C.  Libby,  assistant 
treasurer;  board  of  trustees,  William 
G.  Davis,  James  P.  Baxter,  Charles 
F.  Dibby,  William  W.  Brown,  David 
W.  Snow,  Aug.  R.  Wright,  Sidney 
W.  Thaxter,  Franklin  R.  Barrett, 
Frederick  Robie,  A.  H.  Walker, 
Charles  O.  Bancroft,  Weston  F. 
Milliken,  Walter  G.  Davis,  Harry 
Butler. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


161 


Merchants  National  Bank. 


This  bank  was  founded  as  far  back 
as  1825,  when  it  was  incorporated  as 
a  state  bank,  under  the  name  of  Mer- 
chants Bank.  Its  promoters  com- 
prised well  known  business  men  of  that 
period,  and  during  itsextended  history 
the  institution  has  ever  been  conduct- 
ed under  a  careful  and  conservative 
manage- 
in  e  u  t. 
The  bank 
passed 
through 
the  trying 
panic  of 
1837,  and 
from  the 
first  the 
institu- 
tion be- 
came a 
sue  cess- 
ful  under- 
taking. 
In  1865, 
the  bank 
became 
national  - 
ized  un- 
der the 
national 
banking 
system, 
and  then 
the  name 
of  the 
institu- 
tion was 
changed 
to  the 
Mer- 
chants 

National  Bank,  under  which  it  has 
since  been  conducted  with  increasing 
successeveryyear.  The  location  of  the 
bank  has  always  been  at  34  Exchange 
street,  the  second  floor  of  the  first 
building  erected  by  the  bank  being 
rented  to  the  old  Natural  History  So- 
ciety. This  noted  building  was  de- 
stroyed by  the  great  Portland  fire  in 
1866,  and  is  remembered  by  older  resi- 


MERCHANTS  NATIONAL  BANK,  34  EXCHANGE  STREET. 


dents  of  Portland  as  the  only  building 
built  of  iron  and  brick  in  the  city.  Up 
to  the  time  of  the  fire,  this  structure 
was  considered  absolutely  fire-proof. 
After  its  destruction,  the  present  sub- 
stantial Merchants  Bank  building  on 
Exchange  street  was  erected  on  the 
same  ground  by  the  bank,  and  since 
its  completion,  the  ground  floor  has 
furnished  excellent    quarters  for  the 

transac- 
tion of 
the  busi- 
n  e  s  s  of 
the  insti- 
tution, 
the  upper 
stories 
bei  n  g 
rented  for 
offices. 
At  the 
time  of  its 
conver- 
sion into 
a  nation- 
al bank, 
there 
were  un- 
divided 
profits  of 
$27,000, 
which 
amount 
has  slow- 
1  y  in- 
creased 
to  $266,- 
000,  its 
p  r  e  s  e  nt 
s  urplus 
and  un- 
divided 
profits. 
Its  capital  stock  has  always  been 
$300,000,  and  its  deposits  are 
$900,000.  The  first  president  of  the 
institution  was  Isaac  Adams;  he  was 
followed  by  William  Woodbury,  who 
in  turn  was  succeeded  by  Rensellaer 
Cram;  Jacob  McL,ellan  was  the  next 
president,  and  was  in  order  replaced 
by  George  S.  Hunt.  In  1896,  the 
present    incumbent,    Hon.   James  P. 


l62 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Baxter,  for  several  years  previous 
one  of  the  directors,  was  chosen  pres- 
ident. While  the  presidents  of  the 
bank  have  all  been  able  financiers, 
the  cashiers  of  the  institution  have 
contributed  largely  to  the  successful 
record  made.  The  cashiers  in  order, 
are  as  follows:  John  Oxuard,  Wil- 
liam Woodbury,  Reuben  Mitchell, 
Charles  Oxnard,  Charles  Pay  son, 
Joseph  E.  Oilman,  and  Charles  O. 
Bancroft,  the  last  of  whom  has  been 
cashier  since  1893,  and  has  been  con- 
nected with  the 
bank  for  the 
past  thirty  years. 
The  invest- 
ments of  the 
bank  have  been 
made  in  the  pa- 
per of  local  bus- 
i  11  e  s  s  houses. 
The  present 
management  of 
the  bank  is  com- 
posed of  the  fol- 
lowing officers 
and  directors : 
James  P.  Bax- 
ter, president; 
Charles  S . 
Fobes,  vice- 
president;  CO. 
Bancroft,  cash- 
ier; directors, 
James  P.  Bax- 
ter, William  R. 
Wood,  Wood- 
bury S.  Dana, 
Charles  S. 
Fobes,  George  Burnham,  Jr.,  Arthur 
K.  Hunt  and  J.  W.  Tabor. 


F.    H.    NUNNS. 


New  Falmouth  Hotel. 

In  this  large  hotel,  Portland  pos- 
sesses one  of  the  finest  of  modern 
equipped  hostelries  in  New  England. 
It  was  in  June,  1S68,  that  this  mag- 
nificent structure  was  built,  by  the 
Hon.  J.  B.  Brown,  in  fulfilment  of 
his  promise  to  the  members  of  the 
board  of  trade  to  build  a  hotel  that 
should  be  an  honor  to  this  city.     The 


Falmouth,  possessing  all  the  accom- 
modations of  the  larger  hotels  of 
Boston  and  New  York,  stands  as  a 
fitting  monument  to  Mr.  Brown,  in 
this  his  last  demonstration  of  public 
spirit.  The  hotel,  as  at  present  con- 
ducted, has  been  presided  over  by 
F.  H.  Nunns  since  Aug.  22,  1898. 
Mr.  Nunns,  it  may  be  said,  has  rev- 
olutionized the  hotel  business  in  Port- 
land since  that  time.  His  extended 
experience  at  the  Astor  House  and 
the  Union  Square  Hotel,  New  York 
City,  Flagler 
hotels,  Florida, 
Young's  Hotel, 
Adams  House, 
Quincy  House 
and  Nottingham 
Hotel,  Boston, 
The  Wellington 
of  Chicago,  the 
last  of  which  he 
was  manager,  in 
addition  to  hav- 
ing for  seven- 
teen years  been 
proprietor  of  a 
leading  summer 
hotel  on  the 
M  assachusetts 
north  shore,  en- 
abled him  to 
conceive  the 
only  plan  upon 
which  the  Fal- 
mouth could  be 
satisfactorily 
and  successfully 
conducted;  that 
was  by  remodeling,  replumbing, 
equipping  the  hotel  entire,  after 
which  was  done,  to  conduct  the  house 
on  the  up-to-date  metropolitan  plan. 
That  this  was  done,  was  easily  dis- 
covered at  the  opening  of  the  hotel. 
The  house  was  newly,  handsomely, 
and  in  many  rooms,  palatially  fur- 
nished throughout,  the  furniture 
being  made  to  order  for  the  225  rooms. 
On  the  main  floor,  the  office  with 
marble  tile  floor,  has  the  aspect  of  a 
modern  first-class  hotel.  There  is  a 
telegraph   office,    news-stand,    public 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


163 


164 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


stenographer,  telephone  station,  bar- 
ber shop,  billiard  hall  and  sample 
rooms  for  traveling  salesmen .  Neatly 
uniformed  bell-boys  and  porters  run 
hither  and  thither,  and  the  clerks  are 
active  in  assigning  rooms  and  looking 
after  the  comfort  of  guests.  Entrance 
to  the  hotel  is  gained  by  passing 
through  a  lengthy  corridor,  fitted 
with  luxurious  easy  chairs  uphol- 
stered in  leather.  Numerous  palms 
and  ferns  and  many  valuable  pictures 
make  the  corridor  attractive.  It  is 
in  the  evening  that  the  hotel  shows 
to  best  advantage,  the  house  being 
lighted  brilliantly  from  its  own  elec- 
tric lighting  plant.  On  the  first  floor 
also,  with  windows  facing  Middle 
street,  is  a  writing-room  fitted  with 
Davenport  individual  writing  desks 
of  solid  mahogany,  beside  numerous 
chairs  upholstered  in  leather.  Tak- 
ing the  new  elevator  to  the  second 
floor,  the  large  and  palatial  parlors 
are  reached.  There  are  large  double 
parlors,  reception  rooms,  blue  room, 
Maine  room,  whist  room  and  ban- 
quet hall.  On  this  floor  is  the  state- 
ly dining-hall,  near  which  are  com- 
modious, yet  dainty  private  dining- 
rooms.  The  dining-hall  is  of  the 
colonial  style  of  grandeur.  Large 
pillars  support  the  newly  decorated 
and  unusually  high  studded  ceiling. 
A  large  balcony  on  the  left  accom- 
modates either  orchestra  or  specta- 
tors, or  both.  The  room  is  adorned 
with  tropical  plants,  and  is  one  of  the 
most  attractive  ever  entered  by  a 
hungry  guest.  The  cuisine  is  under 
the  charge  of  a  competent  steward, 
and  well  paid  chefs  prepare  the  food 
served  by  intelligent  waiters.  The 
kitchen  has  been  enlarged  and  is  now 
one  of  the  finest  in  the  country;  a 
new  brick  and  cement  flooring  and 
heavy  iron  arches,  make  the  room 
thoroughly  fire-proof,  while  no  smell 
of  cooking  can  pervade  the  house. 
The  rooms  occupied  by  guests,  are, 
many  of  them,  en  suite,  with  private 
baths.  These  baths  are  equipped 
with  the  newest  open  plumbing  and 
are    luxurious    in   themselves.     The 


The  hotel,  since  conducted  by  Land- 
lord Nunns,  has  given  Portland  a 
high  reputation  for  travelers'  accom- 
modation, and  the  house  has  many 
permanent  guests.  The  hotel  is  con- 
ducted on  the  American  plan,  and  is 
situated  facing  on  Middle  street  in 
the  heart  of  the  city,  electric  cars 
passing  the  entrance  every  few 
minutes. 


Union  Station  Dining-  and  Lunch 
Room. 


This  depot  restaurant  is  properly 
called  the  finest  in  the  State  of  Maine, 
and  does  much  toward  holding  the 
reputation  of  the  state  for  unexcelled 
food  sendee.  This  is  but  one  of  the 
railroad  restaurants  operated  by  the 
Elmer  F.  Woodbury  Hotel  &  Res- 
taurant Co.,  others  being  conducted 
at  Brunswick,  Bartlett,  Mount  Desert 
Ferry  and  Vanceboro;  also  the  Jeffer- 
son Restaurant,  247  Middle  street, 
Portland;  Cafe  Morton,  489  Con- 
gress street,  and  Old  Orchard  Pier 
Restaurant,  and  Cape  Cottage  Casino 
Cafe.  The  restaurant,  of  which  the 
attractive  interior  is  here  shown,  is 
the  largest  of  these,  and  is  open  day 
and  night,  and  during  the  summer 
months  over  a  thousand  a  day  patron- 
ize it.  The  large  main  dining-room, 
off  from  wrhich  is  a  dainty  room  for 
the  use  of  private  parties,  is  finished 
in  quartered  oak.  The  snow  white 
linen  and  attractively  spread  tables, 
are  temptingly  suggestive  to  the  tired 
traveler,  of  a  carefully  prepared  meal 
served  almost  instantly,  and  with  the 
large  force  of  experienced  chefs  and 
waiters,  a  small  army  can  be  served 
in  a  very  few  minutes.  A  large  and 
beautiful  marble  and  tile  soda  foun- 
tain, lunch  counters,  extending  the 
wmole  length  on  both  sides  of  the 
hall,  candy,  fruit  and  cigar  counters, 
all  come  in  for  a  share  of  the  atten- 
tion of  the  visitor.  The  dining-room 
is  decorated  with  palms,  and  over  the 
cashier's  desk  is  a  perfect  specimen 
of  buck  deer,  standing  among  small 
small   pine   trees.      The   head   of    a 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


165 


large  moose  presented  to  Mr.  Wood- 
bury by  his  friends,  also  adorns  the 
walls.  The  manager  is  a  native  of 
South  Paris,  his  father  and  grand- 
father before  him  having  been  en- 
gaged in  the  hotel  business.  He  has 
been  engaged  in  nothing  else  since 
he  concluded  a  practical  education  in 
the  public  schools.  He  began  by 
taking  the  restaurant  at  the  depot  in 
Brunswick,  and  has  gradually  built  up 
his  present  business,  now  the  largest 
in  his  line  in  the  state.  He  is  largely 
interested  in  the  West  End  Hotel  sta- 
bles, located  nearly  opposite  the  union 
station,  and  is  also  the  owner  of 
the  Morton  Bon  Bon  Co.,  which  ope- 
rates a  store  on  Congress  street,  the 
finest  establishment  for  the  dispens- 
ing of  toothsome  delicacies  in  the 
city.  The  chocolates  and  bonbons 
made  there,  are  fully  as  dainty  and 
luscious  as  those  made  by  Huyler, 
and  the  goods  are  as  popular.  In  this 
new  venture  of  Mr.  Woodbury's,  noth- 
ing is  spared  to  make  the  place  the 


ELMER   F.    WOODBURY. 

most  elaborately  fitted  and  attractive 
in  modern  times.  The  upper  floor  is 
completely  remodeled  into  refreshment 
parlors,  there  being  a  Turkish  room, 
green  room,  gold  room  and  silver  room, 
all  of  which  are  marvels  of  splendor. 


INTERIOR    UNION    STATION    CAFE. 


1 66 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


INCANDESCENT   ROOM,   CONSOLIDATED   ELECTRIC    LIGHT  CO. 


Consolidated  Electric  Light  Co. 

Maintaining  a  plant,  the  capacity  of 
w  h  ich 
is  2500 
horse 
power, 
is  the 
above 
com- 
pany 
who 
fur- 
nish 
elec- 
tric 
light 
to  the 
City  of 
Port- 
land. 
The 
c  o  m  - 
pan  y 
was 
organ  - 
ized  in 
1883, 
has     a 


charter 
for  fur- 
nishing 
light 
a  n  d 
power 
a  n  y  - 
w  here 
in  Cum- 
berland 
County, 
and 
the  i  r 
plant  in 
this  city 
on  Plum 
street, 
has  cost 
over 
$600,- 
000. 
The 
c  o  m  - 
p  any 
n  o  w 
400    arc 


furnishes   the    public    with 

lights,    150    incandescent  arc   lamps, 

14,000  incandescent  lights,  750  lights 


ARC    ROOM,   CONSOLIDATED    ELECTRIC    LIGHT  CO. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


167 


i68 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


at  the  casino,  theater  and  cafe  at 
Cape  Elizabeth,  beside  providing 
motive  power  for  manufacturing  and 
other  purposes.  The  corporation  has 
in  use  at  the  present  time  about  300 
miles  of  wire,  in  and  about  this  city. 
The  company  employ  forty  hands; 
their  pay-roll  is  $25,000  annually, 
which,  with  the  $35,000  paid  out  in 
this  city  for  supplies,  shows  an  annual 
disbursement  of  $60,000.  The  plant 
comprises  one  of  the  largest  and  finest 
equipped  in  New  England,  and  the 
capital  stock  of  the  company  is 
$500,000.  The  officers  are  as  follows: 
Weston  F.Milliken,  Pres.;  William  R. 
Wood,  Treas.;  George.  E.  Raymond, 
Mngr.,  and  H.  B.  Chandler,   Supt. 


Maine   &    New    Hampshire   Granite 
Company. 


Standing  at  the  head  of  the  most 
extensive  and  valuable  granite  quar- 
ries of  the  world,  are  those  of  the 
Maine  &  New  Hampshire  Granite  Co. , 
who  have  office  headquarters  in  the 
Baxter  Building,  Portland,  and  whose 
extensive  building  operations  add 
fame  to  the  Pine  Tree  State.  At  their 
quarries  at  North  Jay,  Maine,  and 
Redstone,  New  Hampshire,  the  latter 
being  situated  at  the  base  of  the  White 
Mountains,  the  company  have  a  com- 
bined capacity  for  producing  6,000 
tons  of  rock  daily.  This  consists  of 
monumental,  building  work,  paving 
and  crushed  rock,  etc.  When  running 
to  their  full  capacity,  2,000  men  are 
employed.  The  company  have  oper- 
ated the  same  quarries  continuously 
for  many  years,  and  the  product  com- 
prises respectively,  red,  green  and 
white  granite,  of  a  superior  quality, 
declared  unsurpassed,  from  its  pecu- 
liar freedom  from  iron-rust  and  the 
blemishes  common  to  ordinary  gran- 
ites. Their  quarries  and  extensive 
workshops  comprise  one  of  the  largest 
manufacturing  plants  in  Maine,  con- 
nected with  which,  the  company  pro- 
vide dwelling  houses,  halls,  stores  and 
everything  necessary  to  the  needs  of 
the  employees  and  their  families.   The 


best  of  harmony  has  always  existed 
between  the  company  and  its  work- 
men, who  are  treated  with  even-  con- 
sideration for  their  comfort  and  rights. 
The  reputation  of  the  concern  extends 
all  over  the  country,  and  to  a  great 
extent  to  Europe;  and  it  is  doubtful 
if  residents  of  Portland  are  fully  aware 
of  the  magnitude  of  the  building  oper- 
ations of  this  company,  who  merely 
maintain  large  offices  in  this  city.  It 
may  be  said  that  although  two-thirds 
of  the  force,  about  1,200  men,  are  em- 
ployed in  this  state,  that  the  work  of 
the  concern  is  better  known  in  New 
York,  Chicago,  Philadelphia  and  the 
larger  cities  of  the  country  than  here. 
Among  the  extensive  buildings  con- 
structed by  them  from  their  granite, 
may  be  mentioned  the  following:  The 
L.  Z.  Leiter  Block,  Chicago;  Bowling 
Green  Building,  Lower  Broadway, 
New  York;  The  Smith  Memorial, 
Fairmount  Park,  Philadelphia;  Grant 
Monument,  Riverside  Park,  New 
York;  R.  G.  Dun  Building,  Lower 
Broadway,  New  York;  Northern  Un- 
ion Station,  Boston  &  Maine  R.  R., 
Boston,  and  the  handsome  union  sta- 
tion in  this  city.  A  conception  of  the 
massiveness  of  some  of  these  struc- 
tures is  gleaned,  when  it  is  stated  that 
the  Grant  monument  is  100  feet  square, 
its  height  from  base  line  to  top  of  me- 
morial being  160  feet,  or  nearly  300  feet 
from  the  water  level  of  the  Hudson 
River.  The  great  Smith  Memorial 
Building,  now  being  completed  by  the 
company,  contains  1,530,000  pounds 
of  granite.  The  company  has  at  this 
writing  over  $1,000, 000  worth  of  work 
in  hand.  The  accompanying  views 
of  the  quarries  and  workshops,  give 
but  a  limited  idea  of  their  magnitude. 
The  massive  buildings,  built  in  the 
most  substantial  up-to-date  manner, 
will,  however,  always  show  the  best 
product  of  the  granite  of  the  states  of 
Maine  and  New  Hampshire,  and  the 
work  of  their  most  skilful  artisans  in 
the  building  line.  The  officers  of  the 
company  are  as  follows:  Ara  Cushman, 
Pres.;  Payson  Tucker,  Treas.,  and 
J.  P.  Murphy,  Gen'l  Supt. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


169 


N 


QUARRIES   AND  WORKSHOPS   OF     MAINE    AND   NEW    HAMPSHIRE   GRANITE   CO. 


170 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


A.  S.  Hinds. 


The  proprietor  of  the  toilet  article, 
"  Hinds  Honey  and  Almond  Cream," 
A.  S.  Hinds,  was  born  in  Livermore, 
Androscoggin  County,  Me.,  in  1844. 
Soon  after  his  birth,  his  parents  re- 
moved to  Dixfield,  where  he  spent  his 
boyhood  and  obtained  his  education. 
He  came  to  Portland  at  eighteen 
years  of  age,  and  first  became  a  clerk 
in  the  drugstore  of  H.  H.  Hay  &  Co. 
He  afterwards 
secured  a  more 
lucrative  posi- 
tion with  Thom- 
as I.  Loring. 
After  remaining 
with  him  for  a 
period  of  five 
years,  in  1870, 
he  engaged  in 
business  for  him- 
self,  by  purchas- 
ing a  drug  store 
under  the  Preble 
House.  It  was 
in  response  to 
the  call  of  cus- 
tomers, even  be- 
fore he  became 
a  proprietor  of  a 
store,  for  some- 
thing similar  to 
h  i  s  renowned 
preparation  for 
the  skin,  that  he 
set  about  to  put 
up  an  article  to 
meet  that  de- 
mand.    At  that 

time  there  was  no  preparation  on  the 
market  but  what  was  either  sticky  or 
greasy  when  applied  to  the  skin;  and 
when,  therefore,  after  years  of  patient 
study  and  experimenting,  he  perfect- 
ed the  formula  for  a  smooth,  cleanly 
and  pleasantly  applied  article,  his 
success  in  life,  unknown  to  him, 
became  assured.  Now,  in  his  private 
office,  at  his  large  laboratory  in  this 
city,  he  keeps  as  a  trophy  the  egg- 
beater  with  which  he  mixed  up  his 
first  quantities  of    Hinds  Honey  and 


a.  s.    HINDS. 


Almond  Cream,  as  now  on  the 
market.  From  under  the  Preble 
House,  Mr.  Hinds  removed  his  busi- 
ness to  the  corner  of  Pine  and  Brack- 
ett  streets,  which  store  he  sold  out  in 
1889,  removing  to  his  present  loca- 
tion at  the  corner  of  Pine  and  Clark 
streets,  which  property  he  purchased 
at  that  time.  The  building  was  en- 
tirely remodeled  and,  two  years  later, 
the  area  of  the  laboratory  was  enlarged 
by  building  a  two  and  a  half  story  ad- 
dition. Ten 
hands  are  now 
given  employ- 
ment. It  was 
in  1883  that  his 
now  celebrated 
preparation  be- 
gan to  attract 
attention  o  u  t- 
side  this  city; 
and  although  he 
has  no  traveling 
men  and  spends 
no  money  scarce- 
ly in  newspaper 
advertising,  his 
preparation,  be- 
ing the  first  of 
its  kind  on  the 
market,  and  fil- 
ling a  long  felt 
want,  has  sold 
itself  on  its  own 
merits.  It  is 
doubtful  if  there 
is  any  state  in 
the  union  where 
the  article  is  not 
in  constant  de- 
mand ;  while  its  good  qualities  as  a 
toilet  article  for  all  ordinary  skin  troub- 
les, has  been  as  completely  discovered 
in  South  Africa,  as  the  diamond  fields 
there.  Mr.  Hinds  has  agencies  in 
South  America,  Hawaiian  Islands, 
Australia,  London  and  Montreal,  and 
maintains  a  branch  laboratory  at  the 
latter  place.  He  also  ships  regularly 
in  large  quantities  to  South  Africa 
and  other  parts  of  the  globe.  His 
success  in  putting  this  toilet  article, 
his  principal  stock    in    trade,    on  the 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Finishing:  Room.  Packing  Room.  Laboratory.  Office. 

Residence.  Finishing  Room. 

LABORATORY   AND   RESIDENCE,   A.    S.    HINDS. 


172 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


market  of  the  world,  with  little  or  no 
advertising  or  solicitation  of  business, 
speaks  wonders  for  his  goods  and 
business  sagacity.  Having  resided 
in  this  city  for  nearly  thirty  years,  he 
is  a  well  known  and  esteemed  citizen 
of  the  community.  Some  two  years 
ago,  he  erected  his  present  handsome 
brick  residence  on  West  street.  He 
has  four  children,  his  oldest,  Albert 
Henry  Hinds,  now  compiling  the 
genealogy  of  the  Hinds  family,  being 
associated  with  him  at  the  laboratory. 
Mr.  Hinds  is  a  thirty-second  degree 
Mason  and  member  of  Aleppo  Tem- 
ple, Mystic  Shrine.  He  is  also  a 
member  of  the  Portland  Club,   Port- 


was  founded  in  1858,  and  has  grown 
to  one  of  the  largest  in  the  Union,  the 
firm  conducting  a  large  factory  situ- 
ated on  Munjoy,  Beckett  and  Wilson 
streets,  and  a  commodious  office  and 
salesroom  extending  from  106  to  112 
Commercial  street,  in  this  city.  The 
original  firm  was  composed  of  S.  W. 
Wilson  and  Henry  H.  Burgess,  who 
began  grinding  lead  in  a  deserted 
of  which  stands  the 
In  1 86 1,  Mr.  Wilson 
to  the  elder  brother 
and  the  firm  name 
was  changed  from  Wilson  &  Burgess 
to  Burgess  Bros.  &  Co.  Two  years 
later,  Charles  S.   Fobes,  the  present 


barn  on  the  site 
present  factory, 
sold  his  interest 
of  Mr.  Burgess, 


FACTORY,    BURGESS,    FOBES   4  CO. 


land  Athletic  Club,  Venerable  Cunner 
Association,  Executive  Committee 
Asso.,  Portland  Board  of  Trade,  Port- 
land Natural  History  Society,  Pro- 
prietary Association  of  America,  and 
other  organizations.  He  was  one  of 
the  founders  and,  since  its  organiza- 
tion, has  been  president  of  the  Casco 
Paper  Box  Co.,  of  Portland,  and  is 
one  of  the  trustees  of  the  Mercantile 
Trust  Co.,  of  this  city. 


Burgess,  Fobes   &   Co. 

This  old  established  firm  are  large 
manufacturers  and  wholesale  dealers 
in  paints  and  japans.     The  business 


head  of  the  firm,  came  into  the  con- 
cern with  H.  H.  Burgess,  when  the 
firm  became  thereafter  known  as 
Burgess,  Fobes  &  Co.  In  1867,  Me- 
ander W.  Fobes,  younger  brother  of 
Charles  S.  Fobes,  was  admitted  to 
partnership.  In  1872,  after  twenty- 
seven  years'  active  service  in  the 
firm,  Mr.  Burgess  died,  his  interest 
being  purchased  by  the  surviving 
partners.  Having  been  possessed  of 
able  management  from  the  start,  so 
many  years  ago,  the  business  has 
naturally  grown  steadily  and  rapidly. 
From  a  small  drug  store  where 
paints  and  oils  were  carried,  the 
business     developed     into    a    large, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i73 


CHARLES   S.    FOBES. 


exclusive  paint  establishment  ;  the 
concern  in  its  early  existence  being 
among  the  first  to  see  the  opportunity 
for  an  opening  for  a  store  in  this 
vicinity,  entirely  devoted  to  the  sale  of 


si     Kr  n  ■  in 


mi 


«_-_.         ffftffigffitt-; 


SALESROOM,   BURGESS,    FOBES  &.  CO. 


LEANDER  W.    FOBES. 

paints.  The  paint  ground  at  the  fac- 
tory as  first  operated,  was  for  the 
small  store  then  conducted.  The 
factory,  now  many  times  larger,  turns 
out  a  million  pounds  a  year,  and  uses 
in  the  manufacture 
of  their  goods,  con- 
sidered the  standard 
of  high  quality  in 
trade,  3,600  barrels 
of  oil,  annually. 
The  factory  shown 
in  accompanying  en- 
graving, is  a  large 
two-story  structure, 
with  a  frontage  on 
Wilson  street,  of  75 
feet.  Between  thirty 
and  fort}'  stone  and 
iron  mills  are  re- 
quired at  the  works, 
for  grinding  domes- 
tic corroded  lead, 
the  material  used  in 
the  manufacture  of 
their  celebrated 
goods.  The  most 
improved  machinery 
is  used  and  the  fac- 
tory is  equipped 
with  all  labor-saving 
appliances,  many  of 
the    machines   used 


174 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


being  designed  by  the  members  of  the 
firm,  both  of  whom  are  abreast  of  the 
times  and  equal  to  the  sharp  compe- 
tition of  the  present  day.  The  plant 
is  equipped  with  a  sixty-five  horse 
power  engine,  and  an  artesian  well, 
which  is  sunk  to  the  depth  of  300 
feet,  and  from  which  is  procured  daily 
1 ,000  gallons  of  the  coolest  and  purest 
water.  The  goods  made  a  specialty 
of  by  the  firm,  in  the  sale  and  manu- 
facture of  which  they  have  won  a 
well  merited  reputation,  are  as  fol- 
lows: Burgess,  Fobes  &  Co.'s  pure 
lead,  Portland  liquid  paints,  Port- 
land fine  colors  in  oil,  and  Portland 
coach  colors  in  Japan. 


cinity.  The  first  goods  turned  out 
by  the  concern  were  made  in  a  small 
foundry  at  the  corner  of  Fore  and 
Cross  streets,  where  the  business  was 
established  in  1877.  The  popularity 
of  the  goods  soon  made  it  necessary 
for  the  company  to  seek  larger  quar- 
ters, in  order  to  increase  the  capacity 
of  the  works,  and  the  present  location 
was  chosen.  Since  the  removal,  fur- 
ther enlargements  have  been  made, 
until  the  plant  is  now  one  of  the  most 
complete  and  best  adapted  for  the 
business  in  New  England.  The 
company  has  every  facility  and  ad- 
vantage for  manufacturing  all  their 
different  lines  of  goods,  and  the  busi- 


WORKS,    PORTLAND    STOVE    FOUNDRY   CO. 


Portland  Stove   Foundry  Co. 


The  works  of  this  company  com- 
prise the  two  squares  between  Pearl 
and  Chestnut  streets,  fronting  on 
Kennebec  street  and  extending  in  the 
rear  to  Somerset  street,  on  which  is 
located  the  tracks  of  the  Portland  & 
Rochester  R.  R.  The  company 
makes  stoves,  ranges,  furnaces  and 
heaters,  under  the  distinctive  name 
"Atlantic."  The  goods  are  well 
known  to  the  large  trade  they  supply, 
and  are  fully  appreciated  and  very 
extensively  used  in  Portland  and  vi- 


ness  is  increasing  rapidly.  The  prod- 
uct is  made  from  the  raw  material, 
with  the  utmost  attention  to  perfec- 
tion in  quality  and  finish.  The  pat- 
terns and  models  are  all  made  by  the 
company's  designers.  Their  cooking 
ranges  have  won  fame  and  reputation 
everywhere.  All  styles  and  sizes  are 
fully  warranted.  The  company's 
retail  ware-rooms,  adjoining  the  fac- 
tory, afford  the  opportunity  to  pur- 
chase thoroughly  reliable  stoves  and 
heaters  of  the  highest  grade,  and  to 
supply  the  parts  of  any  made  by  them 
within    the    past    twenty-five  years, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i75 


without  loss  of  time,  or  payment  of 
express  charges.  In  the  matter  of 
repairs  alone,  therefore,  there  is  a 
great  saving  to  the  purchaser  of  these 
excellent  home-made  stoves.  Heat- 
ing stoves  of  artistic  merit,  as  well  as 
of  great  heating  capacity,  are  includ- 
ed in  the  large  variety  of  goods  made 
here  and  sold  both  at  wholesale  and 
retail,  and  are  warranted  to  give  the 
best  of  satisfaction.  The  company 
makes  and  supplies  heaters  for  church- 
es, schools,  stores,  residences  and 
public  buildings,  designed  to  burn 
either  coal    or   wood.     The  furnaces 


kind  in  the  state,  affording  employ- 
ment to  nearly  100  men.  The  exec- 
utive officers  are,  F.  M.  L,awrence, 
president  and  manager,  and  Arthur 
P.  Howard,  secretary  and  treasurer. 
All  are  invited  to  visit  the  works  be- 
tween the  hours  of  2.30  and  3.30, 
when  the  molten  iron  is  daily  drawn 
from  the  immense  cupola  furnace  and 
poured  into  the  molds.  A  trip  to 
this  model  establishment  will  richly 
repay  visitors,  who  upon  application 
at  the  office,  will  be  furnished  an 
escort  through  the  works. 


WORKS,    PORTLAND    STONEWARE    CO. 


made  by  this  company  have  improve- 
ments and  conveniences  not  found  on 
others,  which  make  them  especially 
desirable.  Estimates  are  furnished 
on  application,  without  charge.  A 
combination  hot  water  and  hot  air 
heater  known  as  the  "Atlantic  Com- 
bination Ventilating  Heater,"  has  no 
equal  at  the  present  day.  For  the 
manufacture  of  high  grade  cooking 
and  heating  apparatus,  this  company 
has  indeed  earned  and  achieved  a 
reputation  which  brings  no  small 
credit  to  Portland.  It  is  the  largest 
manufacturing:    establishment    of  the 


Portland  Stoneware  Co. 

This  local  manufacturing  concern 
has  developed  into  one  of  the  largest 
of  its  kind  in  the  United  States.  The 
goods  manufactured,  comprise  all 
kinds  of  drain-pipe,  vitrified  brick, 
locomotive  brick  and  garden  urns, 
the  latter  in  endless  variety.  To  the 
large  plant,  important  additions  have 
been  made  every  year,  and  40,000 
tons  of  clay  are  annually  used,  and 
200  hands  are  given  employment. 
About  ten  acres  of  ground  space  are 
occupied.       Spur     tracks    from    the 


176 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


177 


Portland  &  Rochester  R.  R.  extend 
through  the  plant,  and  an  average  of 
six  car-loads  is  the  daily  shipment  of 
the  company  to  all  parts  of  the  United 
States.  It  is  estimated  that  over  100 
miles  of  drain-pipe  are  kept  in  stock, 
comprising  all  'the  different  sizes, 
from  a  small  two-inch  pipe,  two  and 
one-half  feet  long,  weighing  ten 
pounds,  to  the  thirty-inch  pipe, 
weighing  660  pounds.  The  clay 
comes  direct  from  New  York  and 
New  Jersey,  and  a  large  amount  of 
native  blue  clay  is  used.  The  wTorks 
are  admirably  fitted  for  turning  out 
the  largest  orders,  and  the  reputation 
of  the  concern  has  placed  the  com- 
pany well  in  the  front  ranks  in  its 
line  in  the  country.  In  addition  to 
large,  new  brick  buildings,  the  plant 
possesses  twrenty-four  kilns,  which 
are  located  outside  the  main  shops. 
Every  kiln  has  a  capacity  for  holding 
six  car-loads  of  pipe,  and  in  these 
mammoth  ovens  the  clay  is  burned 
into  the  finished  product.  The  com- 
pany is  fully  equipped  for  supplying 
the  largest  contracts,  and  many 
orders  as  large  as  200,000  feet  have 
been  filled  and  shipped  to  New  Eng- 
land points.  Besides  manufacturing 
brick  for  every  conceivable  kind  of 
fire-box,  from  the  linings  of  small 
cook  stoves  to  the  largest  fire-boxes 
of  modern  locomotives,  the  concern, 
in  recent  years,  has  turned  out  in 
large  quantities  the  new  vitrified 
brick  for  paving,  which  has  an  ad- 
vantage over  granite  blocks,  being 
smoother  and  easier  to  ride  over; 
this  new  brick  is  now  being  exten- 
sively used  and  turned  out.  These 
bricks  are  made  from  a  specially  pre- 
pared clay,  and  fifty-four  bricks  a 
minute  are  pressed  in  the  large  ma- 
chines. In  the  manufacture  of  gar- 
den urns,  made  in  artistic  and  varied 
patterns,  for  both  public  and  private 
grounds,  the  company  have  a  large 
output.  This  important  industry 
adds  much  to  the  reputation  of  Port- 
land as  a  manufacturing  center.  The 
proprietors  of  the  company  are  Wins- 
low  &  Co.,  of  which  E.  B.  Winslow, 


of  Portland,  is  the  head,  and  to 
whose  executive  ability  the  marked 
growth  of  the  business,  and  the  di- 
versity of  its  products  as  now  yielded, 
are  due. 


Delano  Planing  Mill  Co. 

This  large  concern,  manufacturers 
and  dealers  in  all  kinds  of  lumber 
and  house  finish,  was  founded  some 
forty  years  ago,  and  ever  since  has 
supplied  contractors  and  builders  with 
the  material  in  their  line.  The  mills, 
where  thirty  hands  are  given  regular 
and  remunerative  employment,  are 
located  numbers  482-488  Fore  street, 
and,  having  almost  doubled  in  the 
amount  of  business  done  in  the  past 
six  years,  are  among  the  larger  con- 
cerns in  their  line  in  the  State  of 
Maine.  The  planing  mills  contain 
all  the  facilities  for  the  speed}*  con- 
version of  raw  lumber  into  the  vari- 
ous kinds  of  material  used  for  all 
wood  building  purposes.  Kiln-dried 
hardwood  flooring,  stair  and  cabinet 
work,  sawing,  planing  and  turning 
are  done  to  order,  in  the  shortest 
possible  time  consistent  with  first- 
class  work.  The  customers  of  these 
mills,  views  of  both  the  exterior  and 
interior  of  which  are  shown,  com- 
prise mostly  local  contractors,  and  the 
reputation  of  the  mills  among  their 
customers  has  ever  been  the  highest. 
A  good  class  of  wrorkmen  is  em- 
ployed. The  officers  of  the  present 
concern,  which  is  incorporated,  are 
W.  F.  Wadsworth,  president  and 
manager;  Frederick  C.  Dudley, 
treasurer.  The  present  manager, 
W.  F.  Wadsworth,  has  success- 
fully piloted  the  affairs  of  the  com- 
pany for  the  past  six  years.  He  has 
been  associated  with  the  concern  for 
the  past  seven  years  and,  being  a 
skilled  mechanic,  intelligently  pro- 
vides for  the  varied  wants  of  the 
trade.  He  is  well  known  in  Port- 
land, having  resided  and  been  asso- 
ciated with  his  present  line  of 
business  for  the  past  fifteen  years, 
and  possessed  a  five  years'  experience 


i78 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 

i   -i 


VIEW   SHOWING    DELANO    PLANING    MILLS. 


in  the  same  line  previous  to  coming  to  product  expedites  the  completion  of 
this  city.  These  busy  and  noisy  mills  the  many  houses  and  buildings  con- 
add  to  the  importance  of  Portland  as  tinuously  being  erected  in  this  com- 
a    manufacturing    center,    and    their  munity. 


MAIN    FLOOR,    DELANO    PLANING    MILLS. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


179 


R.  K.  Gatley. 


This  well  known  citizen  is  a  prom- 
inent member  and  a  past  department 
commander  of  the  G.  A.  R.  He  was 
born  in  England,  and  has  resided  in 
the  United  States  since  1849,  at  which 
time  he  went  to  Manchester,  N.  H. 
He  afterwards  removed  to  Concord, 
N.  H.,  and  while  there  became  fore- 
man of  "Concord  Two,"  a  company 
connected  with  the  fire  department. 
When  the  war  broke  out,  he  enlisted 
in  the  service,  eighty  members  of  the 
fire  company  going  with  him.  After 
the  great    Portland  fire,  he  came  to 


especially  prominent  and  popular  in 
the  Grand  Army,  Mr.  Gatley  is  a 
Knight  Templar  Mason  and  life  mem- 
ber of  Portland  Commandery.  He  is 
also  a  Red  Man  and  Odd  Fellow.  He 
was  one  of  the  originators  of  the  Port- 
land and  Casco  Building  &  Loan 
Association. 


C.  H.  Crocker  Company. 


This  heating  concern  conducts  bus- 
iness in  a  three  story  brick  building, 
at  40-42  Preble  street.  While  stoves, 
kitchen  furnishings,  steamboat  and 
hotel    supplies     are    kept    in    great 


R.     K.    GATLEY. 

this  city  and  became  a  member  of  the 
old  plastering  firm  of  Gatley,  Sheri- 
dan &  Griffiths,  which  concern  also 
did  much  concrete  walk  making.  In 
1869,  the  firm  dissolved,  and  Mr. 
Gatley  opened  his  present  establish- 
ment, 59  and  61  Union  street,  where 
he  has  since  remained  and  conducted 
a  successful  business  for  thirty  years. 
He  is  a  plasterer,  stucco  and  mastic 
worker,  beside  doing  whitening, 
whitewashing,  coloring  and  cement- 
ing on  a  large  scale,  employing  sev- 
eral men  the  year  round.  Although 
not  a  sculptor,  he  makes  reproductions 
of    busts   and    casts.       Beside   being 


C.    H.    CROCKER. 

variety,  the  corporation  make  a  spec- 
ialty of  heating  houses  and  buildings 
by  steam,  hot  water  and  hot  air.  It 
is  here  that  the  Crocker  Waste  Heat 
Radiator  is  made.  This  invention, 
on  which  C.  H.  Crocker  has  secured 
patents,  has  already  introduced  itself 
in  several  Portland  homes.  It  is 
made  in  one  size,  and  similar  in  ap- 
pearance to  any  modern  style  of  radi- 
ator. It  acts  as  a  ventilator  and  air 
purifier  as  well.  This  radiator  heats 
a  hall  or  room  by  the  means  of  heat 
that  would  otherwise  go  up  chimney. 
The  plan  of  the  inventor  in  attaching 
a  radiator  to  the  pipe  extending  from 


i8o 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


the  heater  to  the  chimney,  immedi- 
ately commends  itself  to  those  who 
live  in  a  poorly  heated  house.  This 
radiator  is  made  at  the  C.  H.  Crocker 
Company's  workshop,  on  the  second 
floor  of  the  building.  Mr.  Crocker 
is  a  native  of  Gray,  but  has  resided 
in  Portland  for  twenty  years  past. 
He  has  been  engaged  in  the  plumb- 
ing and  heating  business  for  fifteen 
years,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Mason- 
ic fraternity  and  the  Knights  of  Pyth- 
ias, and  is  one  of  Portland's  best  known 
and  popular 
business  men. 


John    P.    Lovell 
Arms  Co. 


Perhaps  be- 
cause Portland 
is  a  natural  start- 
ing point  for 
hunting  and  fish- 
ing expeditions 
in  the  State 
of  Maine,  but 
more  through  the 
ch  arac  t  eristic 
enterprise  o  f 
Colonel  Benja- 
min S.  Lovell, 
was  the  now 
thriving  sport- 
ing goods  store 
of  the  John  P. 
Lovell  Arms 
Company  in  this 
city,  estab- 
lished.    It   was 

with  seeming  confidence  that  the  store 
would  be  supported,  that  he  fitted  up 
one-half  of  the  present  establishment 
180  Middle  street,  now  the  largest  in 
its  line  of  any  store  in  the  state,  open- 
ing the  same  May  16,  1894,  and  plac- 
ing in  charge  the  present  local  man- 
ager, Warren  H.  Chase.  The  fact 
that  the  following  year  the  adjoining 
store,  182  Middle  street,  was  added, 
the  partition  between  being  removed 
to  form  the  present  commodious  doub- 
le store,  snowed  that  the  colonel's 
confidence  in  Portland  patronage  was 


COL.    BENJ. 

Pres.  John  P.  L 


not  overestimated.  Since  the  store 
was  first  opened  for  business,  the 
trade  has  been  on  the  steady  increase. 
The  source  of  supply  of  this  busy 
store  is  practically  unlimited,  for  it  is 
a  well  known  fact  that  The  John  P. 
Lovell  Arms  Company  is  the  oldest 
concern  in  New  England;  and  it  is 
safe  to  assume  that,  without  counting 
their  various  branch  stores,  the  main 
establishment,  163-165  Washington 
street,  Boston,  where  the  whole  build- 
ing of  six  stories  is  occupied,  com- 
prises thelargest 
and  handsomest 
store  in  its  line 
in  the  United 
States.  The 

business  was  es- 
tablished  in 
1840  bv  the  late 
John  P.  Lovell, 
and  for  years 
was  conducted 
on  Washington 
street,  at  the 
foot  of  Cornhill, 
Boston.  Not- 
w  i  t  h  s  t  a  n  ding 
that  the  concern 
acquired  every 
available  foot  of 
additional  room, 
the  business 
outgrew  its 
cpuarters,andthe 
present  build- 
ing, a  few  doors 
above.  was 
leased  and  re- 
modeled entire,  for  the  use  to  which 
it  is  now  put.  The  establishment  is 
a  marvel  of  beauty,  convenience  and 
gigantic  proportion,  and  contains  an 
endless  stock  of  goods  of  the  desira- 
ble kind  and  variety,  that  only  could 
be  conceived  of  by  Col.  Lovell,  the 
active  head  of  the  now  large  corpora- 
tion, the  stock  of  which  is  held 
entirely  by  the  Lovell  family.  It  has 
often  been  said  that  it  is  impossible 
for  one  to  call  for  anything  in  the 
line  of  sporting  goods,  but  can  be  in- 
stantly   supplied.     A  small  army   of 


S.    LOVELL, 
ovell  Arms  Co 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


isi 


PORTLAND   STORE,   JOHN    P.    LOVELL    ARMS  CO. 


clerks  are  employed  and  the  different 
departments  are  conducted  under 
modern  systematic  business  princi- 
ples, and  the  store  is  the  natural 
headquarters  of  New  England,  in  its 
particular  line.  Beside  maintaining 
this  giant  store  in  Boston,  The  John  P. 
Lovell  Arms  Co.,  has  branch  stores 
in  Boston,  Providence,  Pawtucket, 
Worcester  and  Bangor.  The  Port- 
land store  has  by  no  means  been  the 
least  successful  of  the  several  stores 


of  the  company,  and  from  its  com- 
plete stock  of  goods  and  commenda- 
ble management,  is  much  appreciated 
by  both  the  local  and  foreign  patron- 
age. The  same  goods  are  found 
here,  in  the  same  variety,  as  at  the 
mammoth  main  store  in  Boston,  and 
at  the  same  reasonable  prices.  Sport- 
ing goods  of  every  kind  and  descrip- 
tion, athletic,  base  ball,  foot  ball, 
tennis,  golf,  bicycle  supplies  and  sun- 
dries, cameras,  and  their  accessories, 


4T 


a,^ H » i  jf^ 


tiff 


tf*» 


FACTORY,   JOHN    P.    LOVELL   ARMS   CO.,    SOUTH    PORTLAND. 


182 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


uniforms,    and    beside    ammunition, 
guns,  revolvers,  fishing  tackle,  and  a 
thousand  and  one  articles  in  cutlery, 
skates,    etc.,   the    store  is  the  head- 
quarters   for    Maine  for  the    popular 
Lovell  Diamond  bicycle,  which  stands 
first    among    all    makes    of    wheels 
among    the    wheelmen    of     Portland 
and  the  State  of  Maine.     In  locating 
their   large   bicycle    factory,    which, 
since    1895,    has  been  in  continuous 
operation    at    South    Portland,    the 
Lovell    Arms    Company  have   added 
much  to  the  importance  of  this  local- 
ity as   a  manufacturing  center.     The 
Lovell    Diamond,    as    made  the  past 
two  years,  stands  pre-eminent  among 
the  innumerable  wheels  on  the  mar- 
ket.     Within    a    radius    of    several 
miles  of  the  factory,  where  its  mode 
of    manufacture    is    known    as    thor- 
oughly almost  as  a  Christian  knows 
his  catechism,  the    Lovell    Diamond 
is    ridden    ten    to    one    of  all    other 
makes  combined .     This  is  particular- 
ly   true    regarding   the  city  of  Port- 
land and  its  suburbs.     The  popularity 
of   the   wheel    is    rapidly    spreading, 
and  to  a  great  extent,   has  pervaded 
the  entire  state.     There  are  now  about 
100    agents    of    the     "Diamond"    in 
Maine,  and  all  report  that  all  riders 
are  highly  satisfied  with  the  makup 
and  wear  of  the  wheel  of   the  present 
day.     The    busy    factor}-    at    South 
Portland,  employing  350  men,  mostly 
skilled    and     high-paid     mechanics, 
in  charge  of  Lyman  H.  Cobb,  super- 
intendent,   is    taxed    to   its    utmost 
this  year,   and  its  capacity  is  10,000 
wheels.     The    Lovell    Diamond   has 
been  found,   upon  investigation,  the 
most    honestly    made    wheel    on  the 
market,    and   although  the  company 
have  met  the  competition  of  all  high 
grade  wheels  on  the  general  sweep- 
ing reduction  in  prices,  yet  the}*  have 
improved  rather  than  weakened  the 
makeup    of    the    wheel.       Particular 
attention  has  been  given  recently  to 
the  wearing  parts.      A  most  positive 
proof  of  the  success  of  the  company 
in  the  wearing  qualities  of  the  Lovell 
Diamond,    is   the    fact   that  no  calls 


have  been  made  for  parts  at  the  fac- 
tory on  either  the  '97  or  the  '98 
wheels.  At  the  Portland  store, 
where  600  of  the  wheels  were  sold 
last  year,  reports  are  that  nothing  but 
praise  can  be  said  of  the  wheel  of  the 
present.  The  company,  always  lib- 
eral in  their  business  dealings  with 
the  buying  public,  is  scarcely  better 
known  than  its  president,  Col.  Benja- 
min S.  Lovell,  whose  activity  in  bus- 
iness, social  and  public  life  have 
made  him  a  well-known  favorite  in 
New  England. 


Cumberland  Illuminating  Co. 

This  company,  now  erecting  poles 
in  Portland,  maintains  a  plant  and 
controls  valuable  water  privileges  on 
the  Presumpscot  River  at  Great  Falls. 
The  company  promises  to  transmit 
power  to  Portland,  and  furnish  elec- 
tric light  and  motive  power  at  from 
one-third  to  one-half  lower  price  than 
can  be  profitably  furnished  by  any 
steam  plant,  an  advantage  to  manu- 
facturers and  others  highly  beneficial 
to  the  city.  When  this  is  accom- 
plished, which  seems  inevitable  in  a 
few  weeks,  Portland  will  be  one  of 
the  few  cities  on  the  Atlantic  sea- 
board availing  itself  of  water  power 
for  manufacturing  purposes.  The 
Presumpscot  River,  although  empty- 
ing into  the  sea  some  distance  from 
the  limits  of  the  city,  is  one  of  the 
valuable  water  powers  of  the  state; 
and,  diverting  its  course,  so  to  speak, 
causing  it  to  flow  continuously 
through  every  street  and  avenue  of 
Greater  Portland  in  invisible  form,  is 
a  feat  to  be  everlastingly  applauded. 
It  is  a  benefit  which  will  bring  about 
a  rapid  and  healthy  growth  of  the 
community.  The  Cumberland  Illu- 
minating Company,  of  which  Geo. 
W.  Brown,  of  this  city,  is  president, 
and  to  whom  credit  is  almost  entirely 
due,  having  secured  all  necessary 
rights,  in  spite  of  the  bitterest  and 
and  most  influential  opposition,  is  the 
agent  through  which  this  great  pub- 
lic benefit   and   economv  takes  form. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


183 


1 84 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


To  the  credit  of  this  city  be  it  said, 
that  in  this  instance  the  will  of  the 
people  prevails,  and  the  company, 
with  its  resurrected  charter  and  dis- 
position to  furnish  light  and  power  at 
a  low  rate,  has  been  granted  permis- 
sion by  the  first  city  government  of 
Greater  Portland  to  erect  poles,  and 
thereby  conduct  business.  The  story 
of  the  struggles  in  which  politics  fig- 
ured to  no  small  extent,  dates  back 
two  years,  when  Jesse  Peterson  was 
defeated  by  the  state  legislature  in 
his  attempt  to  break  down  laws  gov- 
erning light  and  power  companies  in 
this  state.  After  the  defeat  of  his 
measure,  Mr. 
Peterson  came  to 
Geo.  W.  Brown, 
then  manager  of 
the  Belknap  Mot- 
or Co.,  to  enlist 
his  sympathy  and 
interest  in  the 
transmission  of 
power  from  the 
Presumpscot 
River  to  Portland . 
In  Mr.  Brown, 
he  found  a  ready 
listener  and 
strong  ally.  Af- 
ter several  at- 
tempts, all  of 
which  ended  in 
signal  failure, 
Mr.  Peterson  be- 
c  a  m  e  discour- 
aged, and  aban- 
doned the  fight  against  such  strong 
odds.  Mr.  Brown,  still  determined 
and  not  so  easily  discouraged,  under- 
took to  secure  options.  His  efforts 
finally  began  to  show  signs  of  suc- 
cess, when,  May  27,  1S97,  with  F.  J. 
Collier,  he  met  those  interested  in 
New  York.  The  conference  resulted 
in  the  securing  of  several  valuable 
options,  notably:  the  properties  of 
the  United  Indurated  Fibre  Co., 
Indurated  Fibre  Co.,  and  the  Rock- 
ameecook  Co.,  the  last  named  cover- 
ing the  Whitney  Falls,  giving  27 
feet  head,   and    the    former  at  Great 


GEO.    W.    BROWN. 


Falls,  of  22  feet  head,  with  dam  all 
constructed.  Afterwards  a  large 
amount  of  real  estate  in  and  about 
Great  Falls  was  secured,  and  the 
mills  of  Goff  &  Plummer  at  Middle 
Jam,  were  purchased,  giving  14  feet 
additional  head,  and  in  all  a  total  of 
63  feet  of  fall.  This  gives  a  flow  of 
water  from  40,000  to  70,000  cubic 
feet  per  minute,  or  from  5,000  to 
8,000  horse  power.  The  dam  at 
the  outlet  of  Sebago  Lake,  con- 
structed by  the  Presumpscot  Power 
Company,  is  one  of  the  greatest 
points  of  advantage  of  the  Presump- 
scot River,  as  it  impounds  the  water 
up  to  a  maxi- 
mum level  of 
nine  feet  above 
the  average  sur- 
face of  the  lake, 
and  furnishes  a 
storage  area  of 
about  97  square 
miles.  This 
dam  insures  an 
ample  flow  at 
all  seasons  which 
would  otherwise 
be  probable  only 
in  the  spring  of 
the  year.  The 
Sebago  P  o  w  e  r 
Co.,  purchased 
all  these  valu- 
able rights,  which 
up  to  this  time 
were  useless  as 
far  as  their  be- 
ing utilized  in  Portland  were  con- 
cerned. It  was  after  this  that  Geo. 
W.  Brown  unearthed  and  purchased 
the  charter  of  the  old  Portland  Elec- 
tric Fight  Company,  which  made  all 
things  possible.  The  plant  of  the 
Deering  Electric  Light  Company, 
and  the  controlling  interest  in  the 
stock  of  the  Cumberland  Illuminat- 
ing Company  was  secured  by  Mr. 
Brown  and  others,  giving  them  the 
right  to  do  business  in  Westbrook, 
Deering  and  Cape  Elizabeth,  while 
poles  were  erected  to  the  Portland 
line  through  Falmouth  and  Windham. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


185 


Last  August  Mr.  Brown  purchased 
Mr.  Collier's  interest  and  now  owns 
two-thirds  of  the  business.  The 
building  of  the  present  plant  at  Great 
Falls  enabled  the  company  to  dis- 
pense with  steam  and  transmit  the 
current  to  the  patrons  of  the  Deering 
Electric  Light  Company  and  Cum- 
berland Illuminating  Company,  as 
well  as  supplying  this  city  up  to  the 
extent  of  6,000  horse  power,  sufficient 
for  many  years  to  come,  and  in  antic- 
ipation of  the  doubling  of  the  city  in 


capitalized  at  $100,000,  has  paid  for 
all  its  privileges  and  plant,  and  under 
its  management  its  future  is  a  bright 
one.  The  officers  of  the  Cumberland 
Illuminating  Company  are  as  follows: 
Geo.  W.  Brown,  president;  M.  H. 
Kelley,  treasurer;  Geo.  C.  Shaw, 
Henry  M.  Jones,  Geo.  W.  Brown, 
and  H.  L.  Jones,  form  the  board  of 
directors.  The  office  of  the  Cumber- 
land Illuminating  Co.,  Portland  Elec- 
tric Light  Co.,  and  Deering  Electric 
Light   Co.,    now   comprise  new    and 


INTERIOR,    STATION,    CUMBERLAND   ILLUMINATING   CO.,    GREAT   FALLS. 


population.  Since  the  plant  com- 
menced operation,  the  customers  of 
the  Cumberland  Illuminating  Com- 
pany have  increased  from  thirty  to 
two  hundred  in  number.  The  plant 
has  eight  water-wheels  of  combined 
capacity  of  750  horse  power,  and  is 
one  of  the  most  modern  in  equipment. 
The  Cumberland  Illuminating  Com- 
pany is  in  every  way  a  home  com- 
pany and  its  stock,  which  is  sold  at 
par,  is  liberally  subscribed  for  by  a 
large  number  of  people,  in  small 
quantities.     The  company,  which  is 


handsome   quarters  at   I: 
Square. 


Monument 


Williams    Manufacturing;    Company. 


This  concern,  which  stands  among 
the  foremost  of  wood-working  plants 
of  New  England,  and  is  the  second 
largest  of  its  kind  in  the  State  of 
Maine,  operates  busy  mills  on  Ken- 
nebec street,  Portland,  and  gives  reg- 
ular and  remunerative  employment 
to  upwards  of  fifty  hands.  The  mills 
with    60,000   feet  of  floor  space  and 


i86 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


lumber  sheds  of  one  million  feet  ca- 
pacity, conveniently  adjoin  the  tracks 
of  the  Portland  &  Rochester  Rail- 
road, with  spur  tracks  running  di- 
rectly into  their  y  ard .  The  company '  s 
operations  extend  far  outside  the 
city,  and  their  reputation  as  lumber 
dealers  and  as  artistic  and  thorough 
builders,  in  their  line,  is  well  known. 
The  concern  was  incorporated  in  1893, 
and  it  was  the  following  year  that 
Geo.  T.  Edwards,  now  president, 
and  his  father,  who  was  treasurer  of 
the  Berlin  Mills  Company,  bought 
out  the  stock  of  the  Williams  Manu- 
facturing Company.  Upon  his 
father's  decease  in  1896,  Geo.  T. 
Edwards  succeeded  him  as  president, 
and  has  since  piloted  the  affairs  of 
the  company  most  successfully.  Be- 
sides bein^  fitted  with  the  most  mod- 


fine  residences  outside  the  state  show 
the  artistic  work  of  this  company; 
such  as  the  interior  finish  of  the 
Hotel  Wentworth,  New  Castle,  N. 
H.,  cabinet  work  and  panel  work  in 
the  dwelling  of  Thomas  A.  Ward, 
Esq.,  Portsmouth,  N.  H.;  all  the 
windows,  glass  show-cases,  etc.,  for 
the  B.  Peck  block,  Dewiston,  Me., 
besides  nearly  100,000  feet  of  rift 
floors  for  the  same  building;  lumber 
and  interior  finish  for  the  residence 
of  Capt.  E.  Matthews,  Deering,  Me., 
and  the  interior  wood-work  of  the 
reception  room  and  smoking  rooms  at 
Riverton  Park  casino — a  view  of  the 
former  room  being  shown  on  a  prev- 
ious page.  In  addition  to  the  cred- 
itable work  above  mentioned,  the 
company  possesses  standing  samples 
of   their    work    in    Ogunquit,    York 


OFFICERS,   WILLIAMS   MANUFACTURING   CO. 

Geo.  T.  Edwards,  James  F.  Macy,         Arthur  W.  Pierce,  Frank  B.  Moody. 

President.  Treasurer.  Director.  Director. 


ern  machinery,  this  concern  has  one 
of  the  largest  and  best  appointed 
cabinet  shops  in  the  country;  oper- 
ates its  own  dry  kilns  and  possesses 
every  facility  for  turning  out  interior 
finish  to  the  best  advantage;  thus 
enabling  them  to  compete  success- 
fully with  the  largest  concerns  in 
their  line.  All  kinds  of  wood  manu- 
facturing are  done  by  them;  they 
make,  however,  a  specialty,  of  finish- 
ing houses  complete  and  are  noted 
for  their  line  of  fine  mantels,  and  ele- 
gant veneered  and  solid  doors,  in  all 
kinds  of  wood  from  original  designs, 
and  selected  stock.  Skilful  designers 
and  carvers  are  employed,  and  the 
interior  fitting  of  buildings,  stores, 
offices,  etc.,  as  done  by  the  Williams 
Manufacturing  Company  adds  credit 
to  the  artisanship  of  Portland  work- 
men.     Many    public    buildings    and 


Harbor,  Bath,  Augusta,  Hallowell, 
Brunswick  and  Portland,  Maine; 
Portsmouth,  Exeter  and  Dover,  N. 
H.;  Magnolia,  New  Bedford,  Boston 
and  Manchester-by-the-Sea,  Mass., 
and  several  cities  in  New  York  state. 
The  president  of  the  company, 

GEO.    T.    EDWARDS 

was  born  at  Annapolis,  Md..  and  is 
one  of  Portland's  promising  young 
business  men.  He  was  educated  in 
the  public  schools  of  this  city,  and 
entered  business  life  as  an  employee 
of  the  First  National  Bank  of  Port- 
land. He  later  became  a  clerk  and 
salesman  under  his  father,  at  the 
office  of  the  Berlin  Mills  Company. 
Since  assuming  the  helm  of  the  Wil- 
liams Manufacturing  Company,  he 
has  shown  marked  energy  and  busi- 
ness ability.     He  resides  in  Deering, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


187 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


in  the  historic  estate  known  as  "High- 
field,"  in  which  the  poet  Longfellow 
spent  many  of  his  summer  vacations 
with  his  brother,  its  former  occupant. 
The  treasurer,  James  F.  Macy,  is  also 
a  young  man,  and  an  able  financier 
and  well  known.  Arthur  W.  Pierce 
and  Frank  B.  Moody,  two  directors 
of  the  company,  add  strength  in  bus- 
iness experience,  to  the  concern. 
The  company 
have  recently 
increased 
their  capital 
stock  and 
have  fitted  up 
a  large  three 
story  factory 
with  the  most 
modern  ma- 
chinery, 
which  n  o  w 
has  a  capac- 
ity of  sever- 
a  1  hundred 
doors  per  day. 
They  also 
have  connec- 
tions w  i  t  h 
some  of  the 
largest  mills, 
in  the  South, 
and  receive 
theirproducts 
direct,  both 
by  car  load 
and  caroo. 


The  Thomas 
Laughlin 
Company. 


T.    S.    LAUGHLIN, 
President  and  Manager  The  Thos.  Laughlin  Co 


The  busi- 
ness of  The  Thomas  Laughlin  Com- 
pany, manufacturers  and  dealers  in 
marine  hardware,  of  this  city,  fur- 
nishes an  encouraging  page  in  man- 
ufacturing history.  The  business  of 
the  concern  was  established  by  the 
late  Thomas  Laughlin,  in  whose  hon- 
or the  present  corporation  is  named. 
The  start  was  made  by  him  as  far 
back  as  1836,  in  the  days  of  small 
things,    and    therefore,  the    business 


was  first  conducted  in  a  small  way, 
and  in  strong  contrast  to  the  present 
time.  Careful  consideration  of  the 
needs  of  the  trade  soon  placed  the 
business  on  a  substantial  foundation, 
from  which,  in  the  sixty-three  years' 
continuation,  it  has  never  been  shak- 
en. The  present  head  of  the  con- 
cern, Thomas  S.  Laughlin,  went  into 
his  father's  shop  to  learn  the  trade  of 

a  shipsmith 
in  1857.  In 
i860,  he  was 
made  a  part- 
ner, and  the 
firm  of  Thom- 
as Laughlin 
&  Son  was 
continued 
until  his 
father's  death 
in  1890,  when 
the  present 
c  o  r  p  o  ration 
was  formed. 
The  rapid 
growth  of  the 
business  i  n 
recent  years 
has  caused 
notable  addi- 
tions to  the 
plant,  which 
in  1894,  was 
removed  to 
the  present 
location  on 
Fore  street. 
To  this  new 
plant  import- 
ant enlarge- 
ments are 
c  on  t  emplat- 
ed.  The  works  give  employment  to 
nearly  100  well  paid  workmen,  and 
cover  several  acres  of  ground,  with 
the  recent  acquisitions.  There  are 
six  large  and  commodious  buildings; 
the  machine  shop  is  equipped  with  the 
latest  improved  machinery  and  tools. 
The  block  shop  is  a  three-story  struc- 
ture, with  modern  wood  working  ma- 
chinery, arrd  admirably  designed  for 
its  purpose.     In  the  rear  is  the  forge 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


shop,  and  near  it  the  forging  shop 
and  galvanizing  shop.  The  sales- 
room of  the  company  on  Commercial 
street  comprises  a  large  three-story 
building,  in  the  rear  of  which  are 
excellent  tide  water  privileges;  and 
on  the  street  front,  the  tracks  connect 
with  the  several  lines  of  railroad  ter- 
minating in  Portland;  while  the  near 
proximity  to  the  English  steamers 
give  the  best  of  transportation  facili- 
ties. Under  the  general  name  of 
marine  hardware,  the  goods  made 
comprise  an  output  almost  endless  in 
variety:     tackle,    blocks,    galvanized 


devised  under  its  roof.  While  the 
company  maintains,  as  before  stated, 
a  large  salesroom  on  Commercial 
street,  the  sales  of  which  are  enor- 
mous, in  supplying  the  local  trade, 
this  utilizes  but  a  small  percentage 
of  the  output;  the  product  is  used  in 
every  quarter  of  the  globe,  and  the 
concern  enjoys  a  world-wide  reputa- 
tion. A  large  order  from  foreign 
lands  is  frequent;  and,  only  recently, 
an  order  of  great  magnitude  was 
filled  and  shipped  to  Russia.  The 
name  of  the  concern  is  synony- 
mous  with  high  grade    and  reliable 


WORKS,   THE   THOMAS    LAUGHLIN    CO. 


ship,  yacht  and  boat  trimmings,  gen- 
eral iron  work,  inwrought,  malleable 
and  cast  iron,  bronze  and  brass  cast- 
ings, galvanizing,  tinning  and  nick- 
el plating,  are  all  done  in  the  several 
distinct  departments,  of  the  large  and 
busy  plant.  The  neatness  of  the 
shops,  and  good  order  always  pre- 
vailing, show  the  best  of  manage- 
ment, and  the  character  of  the  men 
employed,  many  of  whom  have  been 
there  from  ten  to  twenty-five  years, 
and  made  valuable  inventions,  of 
profit  to  the  business.  All  the  spec- 
ial tools  used  at  the  plant  have  been 


goods  in  the  line  of  marine  hardware; 
and  goods  manufactured,  bearing 
their  name,  are  accepted  as  standard 
in  the  markets  of  the  world.  In  the 
possession  of  this  industry,  which 
has  brought  such  richly  deserved 
fame  to  Portland,  this  city  is  pecu- 
liarly fortunate,  while  the  money 
disbursed  through  its  employees,  is 
of  importance  to  this  community. 
The  officers  of  the  concern  are,  T. 
S.  Laughlin,  president  and  manager; 
John  E.  Fisher,  treasurer;  T.  S. 
Laughlin,  H.  N.  Pinkham  and  Wil- 
liam McBride,  directors. 


igo 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


JOBBING  HOUSE,  A.  H.  BERRY  SHOE  CO. 


A.  H.  Berry  Shoe  Co. 


This  large  shoe  manufacturing  and 
jobbing  house  was  established  in  1890, 
and  its  reputation  extends  far  over  the 
country.  The  history  of  the  business 
is  brief  but  eventful, 
and  from  the  start 
has  been  most  cred- 
itable to  Portland. 
Started  first  as  a  job- 
bing house,  at  the 
end  of  the  first  year 
the  business  absorbed 
that  of  Lord,  Haskell 
&  Co.,  and  again  in 
1894,  the  business 
of  Charles  J.  Walker 
&  Co.,  was  added. 
Two  years  ago,  the 
company  commenced 
manufacturing,  and 
in  this  they  have 
been  also  successful. 
Their  salesrooms 
comprise  the  whole 
building  of  three 
stories  and  basement, 
149-155  Middle  street, 
and    the    factor)',     a 


large  brick  build- 
ing of  three  stories 
and  basement,  on 
Plum  street.  The 
two  buildings  are 
fully  occupied  and 
the  large  business 
is  increasing  year- 
ly. The  company 
does  a  large  job- 
bing business  in 
New  England  in 
boots,  shoes  and 
rubbers.  The 
product  of  their 
factory  comprises 
special  lines  of 
ladies'  shoes,  sold 
by  the  retail  trade 
throughout  the 
country,  at  prices 
ranging  from  $1.50 
to  $2.50.  These 
goods  are  highly 
appreciated  by  the  trade,  and  consid- 
ered the  best  on  the  market  for  the 
money.  The  demand  for  these  shoes 
is  such  that  although  the  company 
have  been  manufacturing  but  two 
years,  the  factory  is  taxed  to  its  utmost 


liii 


FACTORY,    A.    H.    BERRY    SHOE    CO. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


191 


capacity;  although  recent  enlarge- 
ments have  increased  the  factory  to 
nearly  double  its  former  size.  In 
their  jobbing  business,  the  company 
employ  fourteen  traveling  men,  and 
have  a  large  trade  in  the  eastern  ter- 
ritory, coming  in  direct  competition 
with  all  the  large  jobbing  houses  of 
New  England,  meeting  them  always 
on  equal  terms.  That  they  have 
easily  held  their  own,  a  glance  at 
their  shipping-room  at  most  any  time 
of  da>-  shows;  while  their  prices  are  as 
low  as  the  lowest,  and  their  immense 
stock  fully  adequate  and  up  with  the 
times.  The  founder  of  the  business 
and  present    manager  and    treasurer 


FACTORY,    GOUDY   &.    KENT. 


is  A.  H.  Berry,  a  well  known  resi- 
dent of  Portland.  The  factory  is 
under  the  charge  of  L.  P.  Hawkins, 
one  of  the  best  known  and  most  prac- 
tical shoe  manufacturers  of  New 
England. 


Goudy  &  Kent   (Corporation). 


This,  the  oldest  bakery  in  this  city 
or  surrounding  territory,  has  devel- 
oped into  one  of  the  important  man- 
ufactories of  Portland,  shipping  its 
good  to  all  parts  of  the  country.  The 
business  was  first  started  in  a  small 
way  by  a  Mr.  Bradish,  it  is  said,  near- 


ly 100  years  ago.  After  being  con- 
ducted several  generations  in  the 
Bradish  family,  the  stand  was  taken 
by  Pearson  &  Smith.  They  were 
succeeded  by  W.  C.  Cobb.  Later 
the  firm  became  W.  C.  Cobb  &  Co. 
In  1881,  L.  A.  Goudy,  a  member  of 
the  former  firm,  conducted  the  busi- 
ness alone  until  1886,  when  he  be- 
came associated  with  Edward  A. 
Kent,  who  was  formerly  of  the  firm  of 
R.  Kent  &  Son,  and  who  brought  to 
the  firm  the  reputation  since  gained 
in  the  manufacture  of  Kent's  pilot 
bread.  Since  1S93,  the  business  has 
been  conducted  by  the  present  cor- 
poration,  and  the  goods,   always  up 

to  the  stand- 
ard, have  in- 
c  r  e  a  sed  in 
sale  annually. 
The  factory 
at  the  corner 
of  Pearl  and 
Milk  streets, 
compri  s  e  s  a 
large  struc- 
ture, 120x120 
feet  in  dimen- 
sions. Be- 
side doing  a 
large  baking 
business  and 
supplying  the 
c  o  m  m  u  n  ity 
for  s  e  v  e  r  al 
miles  around 
with  bread, 
cake  and  pastry,  Kent's  celebrated 
pilot  bread,  a  thousand  and  one  kinds 
of  fancy  crackers  are  made  for  the 
wholesale  and  retail  trade.  Confec- 
tionery is  also  made  in  large  quan- 
tities, with  which  the  trade  through- 
out the  country  is  also  supplied. 
The  reputation  of  the  concern  is  sec- 
ond to  none,  either  in  quality  and 
excellence  of  its  goods,  or  in  point  of 
reliability.  The  business  of  the  con- 
cern requires  the  services  of  150 
hands  at  the  factory,  and  twelve  trav- 
eling men,  and  fifteen  teams  operated 
in  this  immediate  vicinity.  The 
present  officers  of  the    compan)'    are 


192 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


J.  G.  Young, 
president,  and 
Harry  Thomas, 
treasurer  and 
manager.  The 
recent  marked 
growth  of  the 
business  and  not- 
a  b  1  e  improve- 
ments to  the  plant 
and  its  output, 
are  due  to  the 
present  progres- 
sive manager. 


I 


v 


(0m 


Jerome  Rumery 
&  Co. 


The  mills  and 
lumber  sheds  of 
this  well  known 
concern,    are    lo-       ' — 

cated  opposite  the  jerome  rumery. 

Portland  &  Roch- 
ester station,  at  91-105  Kennebec 
street,  and  admirably  situated  for  the 
manufacture  of  dimension  lumber, 
clapboards,  shingles,  laths,  and  house 
finish.  The  plant  has  been  notice- 
ably enlarged  in  the  past  few  years, 
and  excellent  trausportational  facil- 
ities are  immediately  at  hand,  the 
tracks  of  the  Portland  &  Rochester 
Railroad  adjoining  both  the  front 
and  rear.  Since  occupying  the  pres- 
ent location,  nine  years,  the  firm  has 


been  composed  of 
Jerome    Rumery, 
who     needs      no 
introduction      i  n 
these  pages,  and 
James      O.      Mc- 
Lean, who  for  the 
past  sixteen  years 
has  been    associ- 
ated     with     Mr. 
Rumery,  both  as 
employee       and 
junior       partner. 
Mr.   Rumery  has 
been   engaged  in 
business     in    his 
present  line  since 
1875.       Previous 
to  that,  he  was  a 
clerk  for  T.  &  J. 
B.        Cummings. 
In      1877,      after 
conducting  busi- 
ness alone  for  two 
years,  he  formed  the  concern  of  Rum- 
ery, Birnie  &  Co.,  who  were  for  many 
years  on  Deake's  wharf.     The  good 
name  of  the  concern  has,  therefore, 
been   built    up    after   a   epiarter  of  a 
century's  successful  effort  on  the  part 
of  Mr.  Rumery.     It  may  be  said  that 
no  mills  in  this  line  hold  the   confi- 
fience  of  contractors  and  builders  to  a 
greater  extent  than  those  of  Jerome 
Rumery  &  Co.     The   buildings   are 
owned  by  them,  all  but  one  of  which 


MILLS    AND    YARDS,   JEROME    RUMERY   &.  CO. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


193 


have  been  erected  since  their  occu- 
pancy of  the  property.  There  is  a 
large  main  mill,  with  offices  on  the 
second  floor;  the  establishment  is 
equipped  with  the  most  modern  labor- 
saving  machinery;  there  is  also  a 
large  kiln  dry  house  and  two  com- 
modious lumber  sheds.  Mr.  Rumery 
is  favorably  known  in  Portland;  he 
has  served  two  years  in  the  city  gov- 
ernment; is  a  knight  templar  Mason, 
an  Odd  Fellow  and  a  member  of  the 
Portland  Board  of  Trade. 


ence  over  thirty-five  years.  It  was 
founded  by  A.  D.  Smith,  a  leading 
contractor,  and  one  of  the  present 
proprietors.  The  present  business 
relationship  between  Mr.  Smith  and 
Frank  A.  Rumery,  was  formed  Jan- 
uary 1,  1899.  The  business  requires 
practically  all  of  the  large  two-story 
building,  seventy-five  feet  long  and 
forty-five  feet  deep.  This  building 
is  of  historic  interest,  from  the  fact 
that  it  was  once  familiarly  known  as 
the   old    Printers    Exchange.       The 


INTERIOR,    MILLS   OF    SMITH    &    RUMERY. 


Smith  &  Rumery. 


Of  the  many  building  contractors 
in  Portland,  a  firm  doing  an  enormous 
business,  is  that  of  Smith  &  Rumery, 
who  operate  the  extensive  mills  at 
510  to  516  Fore  street,  with  large 
lumber  sheds  in  the  rear.  The}' 
are  general  contractors  and  manu- 
facturers of  and  dealers  in  all  kind 
of  lumber  and  house  finish,  doors, 
sash  and  blinds.  The  business, 
although  now  conducted  under  a 
new  firm    name,  has   been  in    exist- 


machiuery  in  operation  comprises  the 
latest  and  best  for  every  description 
of  mill  work,  and  the  capacity  of  the 
plant  is  adequate  for  the  large  and 
increasing  business.  About  sixty 
hands,  on  an  average,  find  employ- 
ment in  the  various  departments. 
Mr.  Smith  built  the  Farrington, 
Storer,  Davis,  Wolf  &  Ricker,  Rines 
and  Brown  blocks,  and  the  firm  has 
done  considerable  important  work  for 
the  government.  Innumerable  houses 
scattered  throughout  the  city  and  in 
the  suburbs,  testify  to  the  volume  of 


194 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


n 

:    -    -  S 

—  / , — 

.-/-■ . 

/  '      ' 

J'- — 

1 

~  — 1%— i Ml 

■r« 

r 


l 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


i95 


business  done  by  this  firm.  People 
requiring  the  services  of  building 
contractors,  by  employing  this  firm 
get  the  benefit  of  long  and  active  ex- 
perience, a  plant  thoroughly  equipped 
for  the  work  to  be  done,  and  the  am- 
bition to  excel,  induced  by  the  infu- 
sion of  new  blood  into  the  business. 
Added  to  this  are  the  benefits  to  be 
derived  from  that  business  pride  pos- 
sessed by  an  established  firm,  which 
in  this  case,  is  sufficient  assurance 
that  the  standard  of  excellence  will 
not  be  lowered. 


Milliken,  Cousens  &  Short. 


The  firm  of  Milliken,  Cousens  & 
Short  is  one  of  the  largest  dry  goods 
jobbing  houses  in  the  New  England 
states,  and  it  is  without  doubt  the 
largest  establishment  of  the  kind  in 
any  city  of  like  population  in  the 
United  States.  This  business  is  lo- 
cated on  Middle  street,  in  the  very 
heart  of  the  wholesale  district  of 
Portland.  It  occupies  the  whole  of 
one  large  building,  one  hundred  and 
sixty-five  feet  deep  and  five  stories 
high,  in  addition  to  one  whole  floor 
in  an  adjoining  building.  The  illus- 
trations herewith  presented  give  a 
hint  of  the  magnitude  of  the  estab- 
lishment. The  business  was  found- 
ed in  the  year  1865,  under  the  name 
of  Deering  &  Milliken,  and  to  this 
name  the  firm  of  W.  H.  Milliken  & 
Co.  was  the  successor.  After  the 
death  of  Mr.  Milliken,  in  1S90,  the 
business  was  continued  by  Milliken, 
Cousens  &  Short.  The  members  of 
this  firm  are  individually  well  known 
in  dry  goods  and  clothing  trade  cir- 
cles, and  are  all  influential  and  respect- 
ed citizens  of  Portland,  being  num- 
bered among  the  solid  business  men 
of  the  city.  Milliken,  Cousens  & 
Short  are  jobbers  in  general  dry  goods, 
small  wares,  clothing  and  men's  furn- 
ishings, and  their  influence  on  the 
market  is  regarded  as  an  important 
factor,  in  their  lines  of  trade.  Their 
extensive  business,  in  addition  to 
covering  and  supplying  the  State  of 


Maine,  extends  throughout  the  states 
of  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts, 
Vermont  and  New  York.  To  prop- 
erly cover  this  territory,  twenty  trav- 
eling men  are  employed,  and  their 
work  can  hardly  fail  to  add  to  Port- 
land's growing  reputation  and  pres- 
tige as  a  wholesaling  center.  The 
firm  manufactures  clothing,  overalls, 
jumpers,  etc.,  the  business  furnish- 
ing employment,  on  an  average,  to 
about  one  hundred  girls  and  fifty 
men.  The  concern  is  one  that  is 
thoroughly  alive  and  up-to-date  in 
even-  respect,  and  the  large  volume 
of  daily  shipments  proves  conclusive- 
ly that  they  are  able  to  meet  success- 
fully the  prices  and  standard  of 
quality  set  by  the  jobbing  houses 
of  New  England  and  the  Middle 
states.  In  their  business  they  hand- 
le the  output  of  several  mills,  and 
their  stock  is  always  fresh  and 
desirable. 


The  Belknap  Motor  Company. 

The  high  honor  of  setting  the 
standard  of  excellence  in  these  bust- 
ling days  of  competition,  is  achieved 
by  comparatively  few,  but  the  policy 
of  the  Belknap  Motor  Co.,  has  car- 
ried it  resistlessly  upward  to  that 
eminence,  until  the  name  of  the  firm 
has  become  synonymous  with  the 
best  in  the  line  of  goods  manufac- 
tured and  sold.  Through  3'ears  of 
constant  growth,  it  has  come  to  be 
one  of  the  most  widely  and  favorably 
known  of  Portland's  well  known  bus- 
iness enterprises.  This  company 
was  incorporated  in  1S90,  and  the 
officers  are:  President,  Hon.  E.  B. 
Winslow;  treasurer,  E.  R.  Payson; 
manager,  E.  E.  Fernald;  head  elec- 
trician, W.  H.  Chapman.  From  the 
time  of  the  organization  of  this 
company,  its  business  has  had  a 
phenomenally  steady  growth,  the 
productive  capacity  of  the  plant 
having  more  than  doubled.  This 
success  was  not  brought  about  by 
luck,  or  by  a  fortunate  combination 
of  circumstances,  but  bv  the  fact  that 


196 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


the  goods  put  upon  the  market  were 
of  the  highest  grade  of  mechanical 
excellence.  Add  to  this  the  business 
reputation  of  the  men  who  have  been 
behind  the  enterprise,  the  push,  un- 
tiring energy  and  business  integrity, 
which  have  always  characterized  the 
management  of  the  Belknap  Motor 
Co.,  and  you  have  the  secret  of  its 
enviable  success.  The  product  of 
the  plant  is  motors,  bipolar  and 
multi-polar  dynamos,  commutator 
brushes  and  electrical  instruments  of 
all  kinds.  One  of  the  important 
specialties  is  the  Chapman  automatic 
voltage  regulator,  for  either  the  alter- 


E.    E.    FERNALD. 

Manager   Belknap  Motor  Co. 

nating  or  direct  current  system.  This 
regulator  is  the  invention  of  W. 
H.  Chapman,  the  head  electrician  of 
the  company,  and  its  utility  consists 
in  the  fact  that  it  produces  a  steady 
current  from  an  unsteady  power. 
Its  merits  are  such  that  it  has  at- 
tracted universal  attention,  and  has 
been  sold  for  use  in  all  parts  of  the 
world.  This  company  also  manu- 
factures coffee  mills,  water  motors 
and  woven  wire  brushes;  it  has  a 
large  business  in  the  installation  of 
dwellings  and  business  blocks  for 
light  and  power,   attends  to  elevator 


repairs    and    makes   a    specialty    of 
electric  railway  repairing.     The  plant 
in  Portland  at  present  employs  about 
forty-five    hands,    but    it  is  simply  a 
question  of  time  when  the  increasing 
demands  of  business  will  call  for  still 
larger   quarters,    with  a    consequent 
increase  in  the  size  of  the  force  em- 
ployed.    The  exhibit    made  by   this 
company  at  the  World's  Fair  in  1893, 
brought  to  the  attention  of  the  whole 
world  the  unrivaled  merit  of  its  prod- 
ucts, and  the  impetus  given  by  this 
and    other   judicious  plans  of  adver- 
tising,   coupled    with    the    important 
fact    that   machines    and    appliances 
were  always  found  to  be  as  represent- 
ed, have  aided  materially  in  building 
for  the  Belknap  Motor  Co.,  a  reputa- 
tion that  enables  it  to  compete  with 
rivals  in  all  parts  of  the  world.     The 
company  now    has    branch    offices  in 
Boston,     New    York,     Philadelphia, 
Chicago,      St.     Louis,      Milwaukee, 
Minneapolis,     Toledo,     Denver    and 
San    Francisco.       A    glance    at  the 
books  of  this  company  would  surprise 
many  who  have  watched  the  growth 
of  the  enterprise,  from  its  inception, 
through  the  various  stages  of  devel- 
opment,  down  to    the    present   time. 
Here    are    recorded   sales   of  motors, 
dynamos,  regulators,    and  a  general 
assortment   of    electrical    appliances, 
in  nearly    every  state    in  the  Union, 
and    in     several     foreign    countries. 
After  an  analysis,   giving  due  credit 
to  the  mechanical    excellence  of   the 
goods  manufactured,  it  can  be  truth- 
fully said  that  an  important  element 
in  the  success  of  the    Belknap  Motor 
Co.   has    been   the    untiring    energy 
and  clear  business    foresight    of    the 
present    manager,     E.    E.    Fernald. 
Mr.  Fernald  was  born  in  Portsmouth, 
N.    H.,    thirty-four   years    ago.     He 
was  educated  in  the  high  school  and 
at  Smith's  Business  Academy.     Com- 
ing to  Portland  fourteen  years  ago, 
he  at  once  went  to  work  for  the  Port- 
land    Company.     When    the    Giant 
Motor    Co.    came    into    existence    he 
accepted  the  position  of    foreman  of 
the  factory,  performing  his  duties  in 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


197 


INTERIOR,    MAIN    SHOP  OF   BELKNAP  MOTOR    CO. 


a  highly  satisfactory  manner.  He 
remained  with  this  company  until  the 
organization  of  the  Belknap  Motor 
Co.,  when  he  accepted  the  more 
lucrative  position  of  superintendent 
of  the  newly  organized  enterprise. 
Early  in  the  present  year  he  was  made 


manager  of  this  company,  a  position 
he  is  eminently  qualified  to  fill,  not 
only  because  of  that  education  which 
comes  through  years  of  experience, 
but  by  reason  of  a  natural  aptitude 
that  can  neither  be  obtained  from 
books   nor  acquired    by    experience. 


PORTLAND   HARBOR   BY   NIGHT. 


198 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Loring,  Short  &  Harmon. 

Now  the  largest  house  in  Maine, 
in  its  line,  and  doing  a  manufactur- 
ing, wholesale  and  retail  stationery 
and  book  business,  is  the  well  known 
concern  of  Loring,  Short  &  Harmon, 
located  at  474  Congress  street.  As 
a  firm,  they  commenced  business  un- 
der the  Falmouth  Hotel  in  1868,  and 
moved  into  their  present  spacious 
quarters  in  1882.  They  started  with 
a   force   of   five    assistants    and    now 


and 
cern 
are 


lines.  They  have  an  extended  whole- 
sale and  retail  trade  in  wall  papers 

interior  decorations.  The  con- 
since   1896    a  corporation,  also 

large  manufacturers  of  blank 
books  of  all  kinds  and  sizes;  and  on 
the  fourth  floor  of  the  building  they 
conduct  a  large  blank  book  bindery, 
in  which  twenty  hands  are  employed. 
They  have  the  agency  for  the  Globe 
Company's  filing  cabinets,  etc.  The 
officers  of  the  company  are  as  follows: 
Leonard  O.  Short,  president;   Charles 


ESTABLISHMENT  OF   LORING,    SHORT  &.   HARMON. 


have  on  their  pay-roll  over  fifty  names. 
They  employ  five  traveling  men,  and 
their  trade  extends  not  only  through- 
out the  State  of  Maine,  but  through 
the  neighboring  states  of  New  Hamp- 
shire and  Vermont  and  the  Canadas. 
Their  store  comprises  one  of  the  few 
real  bookstores  left  in  New  England, 
and  they  carry  one  of  the  most  exten- 
sive stocks  of  books  east  of  New 
York.  Their  trade  in  stationery, 
fancy  goods  and  druggists'  supplies  is 
large,  the  second  story  of  the  build- 
ing being  devoted  to  samples  in  these 


C.  Harmon,  treasurer;  Martial  M. 
Duroy,  Jr.,  secretary;  who,  with  L. 
Lester  Woodbury,  Fred  \V.  Robin- 
son and  William  H.  Stevens,  com- 
prise the  directors. 


A.  R.  Wright  Co. 

This  concern,  made  a  corporation 
some  four  years  ago,  does  an  exten- 
sive business  in  supplying  this  and 
other  communities  with  the  various 
kinds  of  coal.  Their  wharves  and 
pockets,      recently      improved       and 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


199 


enlarged,  are  located  on  Commercial 
street,  where  they  possess  the  most 
modern  facilities  for  unloading  and 
handling  coal.  The  recent  building 
of  a  cable  elevated  railway,  2,000  feet 
in  length,  encircling  the  whole  plant, 
and  the  erection  of  an  automatic  coal 
hoister  and  digger,  with  a  capacity 
for  unloading  from  700  to  1,000  tons 
daily,  has  placed  this  concern  in  the 
front  ranks  of  the  large  dealers  of  the 
state.  The  company  utilize  two 
wharves  and  their  coal  sheds  have  a 
combined  capacity  of  12,000  tons. 
Beside  doing  a  large  retail  business 
in  family  trade,  they  have  an  exten- 
sive wholesale  business,  not  only 
supplying  various  manufacturing 
plants,  but  are  extensive  shippers  to 


filling  orders.  The  officers  of  this 
progressive  coal  concern  are  Augus- 
tus R.  Wright,  president,  and  Geo. 
L.  Gerrish,  treasurer. 


The  D.  W.  Clark  Ice  Co. 


This,  the  largest  concern  engaged 
in  the  ice  business  in  this  vicinity, 
was  established  in  1855  by  D.  W. 
Clark.  He  conducted  the  business 
alone  until  1873,  when  he  took  Ash- 
bel  Chaplin  as  a  partner.  They 
continued  for  the  next  nine  years, 
under  the  name  of  D.  W.  Clark  & 
Co.;  but  in  1882,  the  firm  became 
incorporated  under  a  capital  of 
$^500,000,  under  the  name  of  the 
Clark  &  Chaplin  Ice  Co.     This  com- 


COAL   WHARVES   OF   A.    Ft.    WRIGHT  CO. 


points  on  the  various  railroad  lines, 
terminating  in  Portland.  Three  spur 
tracks,  connecting  with  all  the  differ- 
ent railroads,  extend  into  their 
wharves,  where  the  cars  are  loaded 
and  weighed  by  car  scales  in  the 
most  advantageous  manner.  In  their 
wholesale  business,  they  are  materi- 
ally aided  by  the  low  rates  for  freight 
along  the  lines  their  shipping  is  done. 
They  buy  in  large  quantities  direct 
from  the  producers,  and  barges  and 
steamers  unloading  are  seen  at  the 
pockets  at  nearly  all  times.  The 
company  have  two  offices,  comprising 
that  at  the  wharves  and  pockets,  350 
Commercial  street,  and  one  at  50  Ex- 
change street.  Some  twenty  odd  men 
are    given    constant    employment   in 


pany  controlled  large  ice  houses  on 
the  Kennebec  River,  and  did  a 
large  wholesale  business,  shipping 
one  year  150,000  tons.  In  1893, 
Mr.  Clark  sold  his  interest  in  the 
wholesale  business  and  formed  the 
D.  W.  Clark  Ice  Co.,  the  officers 
of  which  are  as  follows:  D.  W.  Clark, 
president;  C.  B.  Thurston,  treasurer; 
M.  W.  Clark,  vice-president,  and  H. 
S.  Watson,  superintendent.  The  ice 
furnished  the  patrons  of  this  com- 
pany is  from  Sebago  Lake,  which 
also  supplies  the  city  with  its  abun- 
dance of  pure  water.  Sebago  Lake 
ice  is  known  to  be  absolutely  pure,  and 
for  that  reason  is  considered  the  best 
in  the  world.  The  ice  houses  of  this 
company  are  located  on  the  shore  of 


200 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


D.    W.    CLARK. 

this  lake,  where  the}'  cut  ice  for  the 
city  trade,  storing  in  winter  the  ice 
for  summer,  when  it  is  brought  by 
the  Maine  Central  Railroad  day  by 
day,  to  their  depot  on  Merchant's 
wharf,  302  Commercial  street.  Ice 
is,    therefore,    obtained   fresh   daily, 


from  the  houses  at  the  lake,  and 
in  the  wagons  distributed  to  cus- 
tomers. A  large  force  of  men  is 
employed  when  the  company 
harvest  their  ice  at  Lake  Seba- 
go.  The  amount  elevated  from 
the  lake  to  the  houses  is  30,000 
tons.  The  company  being  the 
oldest,  its  teams  have  been  fa- 
miliar sights  in  the  streets  of 
Portland  and  immediate  vicin- 
ity, and  are  always  to  be  de- 
pended upon  to  make  their 
numerous  calls  with  almost 
clock-like  regularity.  The  pres- 
ident of  the  company, 

DENNIS    WOODRUFF    CLARK, 

was  born  in  Farmiugton,  Conn., 
May  27,  1S19.  He  is  descended 
from  distinguished  ancestry  of 
colonial  times.  In  1S31,  his 
father  removed  to  Illinois.  He 
first  engaged  in  business  at 
Rockingham,  Iowa,  and  in  1840 
removed  to  Platteville,  Wis., 
where  he  went  into  the  mining 
and  mercantile  business.  In 
1852,  with  his  brother,  Dr.  J.  W. 
Clark,  and  brother-in-law7,  Elias  Gill, 
he  engaged  in  trade  in  San  Fran- 
cisco and  Sacramento,  Cal.,  under 
the  firm  name  of  Gill,  Clark  &  Co. 
Coming  to  Portland  in  1S54,  he  en- 
gaged in  the  ice  business,  the  present 


ICE  HARVESTING  AT  SEBAGO  LAKE  BY  THE  D.  W.  CLARK  ICE  CO. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


20I 


large  company  being  the  result  of 
his  start.  Mr.  Clark  was  treasurer 
of  the  Leeds  &  Farmington  Rail- 
road before  that  road  was  sold  to 
the  Maine  Central,  and  for  seven 
years  was  a  director  of  the  Port- 
land &  Ogdensburg  Railroad. 
Since  1873,  he  has  been  president 
of  the  Portland  Water  Company, 
and  since  1885,  of  the  Biddeford  & 
Saco  Water  Company.  He  has 
for  many  years  been  a  prominent 
member  of  the  State  Street  Con- 
gregational Church,  and  in  poli- 
tics has  been  successively  a  Whig, 
Free-soilerand  Republican,  but  has 
never  accepted  nor  aspired  to  pub- 
lic office.  Having  been  a  resident 
of  this  city  for  the  past  forty-four 
years,  he  has  won  the  esteem  of 
the  community,  and  his  activity 
in  business  circles  and  benevolence, 
have  endeared  him  in  the  hearts  of 
his  fellow  men. 


A.  H.  Moulton. 


Located  under  the  New  Falmouth 
Hotel,  at  75  Union  street,  is  A.  H. 
Moulton,  one  of  the  most  practical 
men  in  this  vicinity,  engaged  in  the 
steam  and  hot  water  heating  busi- 
ness. His  shop  is  well  equipped  with 
the  necessary  appliances  for  the  suc- 
cessful prosecution  of  the  work,  and 
the  establishment  recently  became 
possessed  of  a  large  thread  cutting 
machine,  run  by  steam  power,  for 
cutting  thread  on  pipe  up  to  six 
inches  in  diameter.  Mr.  Moulton 
employs  from  fifteen  to  twenty  men, 
and  has  been  located  in  business  in 
this  city  for  the  past  five  years.  He 
was  formerly,  for  eleven  years,  asso- 
ciated with  the  Walworth  Manufac- 
turing Company,  and  was  one  of  the 
ablest  men  in  the  employ  of  that 
large  Boston  concern.  Since  engag- 
ing in  business  here,  he  has  been 
highly  successful,  fitting  up  many 
prominent  buildings  with  steam  and 
hot  water  apparatus.  Among  the 
leading  contracts  assumed  by  him, 
the    following:    may    be    mentioned: 


A.    H.    MOULTON. 

New  Falmouth  Hotel,  Preble  House, 
Emerson  School,  Maine  School  for 
the  Deaf,  residence  of  H.  P.  Cox  and 
Walter  Corey  store.  He  is  a  native 
of  New  Hampshire,  and  a  member  of 
the  Knights  of  Pythias  and  Masons. 
He  is  one  of  the  largest  in  stature 
and  most  popular  of  local  business 
men. 


W.  W.  Carman. 


One  of  the  largest  contractors  in 
his  line  is  W.  W.  Carman,  who  con- 
ducts a  large  establishment  at  78 
Union  street.  He  fills  important 
contracts  in  fitting  up  heating  and 
power  plants  with  heavy  piping. 
His  place  comprises  two  floors,  con- 
taining a  large  stock  of  heaters,  radi- 
ators, steam,  gas  and  water  pipe, 
valves,  fittings,  etc.  In  the  base- 
ment is  the  workshop,  containing  all 
modern  machinery  for  the  convenient 
prosecution  of  the  work,  including 
the  only  thread  cutting  machine  run 
by  steam  power,  capable  of  cutting 
from  two  to  eight  inch  pipe,  in  or 
about  Portland.  Mr.  Carman  has 
always  done  a  large  share  of  the 
heavy  work  in  the  state,  and  since 
coming  to  Portland  has  kept  up  his 
large  operations.     Beside    fitting  up 


202 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


power  plants,  he  does  a  large  business 
in  public  and  private  building  heating 
by  steam  or  hot  water.  He  is  agent 
for  the  Ideal  boiler,  especially  adapt- 
ed to  private  and  public  buildings, 
each  section  of  which  is  connected 
with  an  indestructible  push  nipple 
joint,  not  impaired  by  expansion  or 
contraction.  Mr.  Carman's  reputa- 
tion for  good  and  thorough  work,  is 
known  throughout  the  state.  He 
has  recently  fitted  up  the  new  steam 
plant  of  the  International  Paper  Com- 
pany at  Otis  Falls;  the  new  steam 
heating  plant  at  the  Augusta  Insane 


partner  of  the  Carman-Thompson 
Company,  at  L,ewiston,  from  which 
concern  he  withdrew  to  engage  in 
business  alone.  He  is  a  man  of 
much  mechanical  ingenuity,  and 
comes  of  a  family  of  mechanics. 
His  father  before  him  and  several  of 
his  brothers,  were  engaged  in  that 
calling.  From  early  boyhood,  when 
he  first  worked  at  a  lathe,  he  has 
been  an  industrious  worker  and  stu- 
dent of  his  business;  and  since  com- 
ing to  Portland  has  been  an  interested 
adopted  citizen,  standing  well  in 
business  circles. 


Portland  Creamery. 


This    creamery,   supply- 
ing   a  goodly  part    of   the 


Asylum,  the  new  steam  heating 
plant  at  the  works  of  the  New- 
bury port  Car  Co.,  and  is  about 
to  erect  and  equip  the  new  heat- 
ing and  power  plant  at  the  State 
Reform    School.      One    of    his 
most  notable  contracts  was  the 
erection  of  the  piping  at   the  power 
plant   constructed  for  the  Nantasket 
Branch  of  the  N.   Y.,    N.   H.   &  H. 
R.  R.,  the  first  plant  in  this  country, 
erected    to    generate    electricity    for 
propelling  cars  over  a  branch  of  any 
road  of   standard    gage  tracks.     He 
employs  skilled  mechanics  on  all  his 
work,   and   is  considered  one  of   the 
most  practical  heating  engineers    in 
New  England.     He  draws   his   own 
plans,   and  no   contract  is  too    large 
for  him  to  estimate  on.     He  came  to 
Portland  and  opened  his  present  es- 
tablishment two  years  ago.     He  was 
for  some  years  previously  managing 


ESTABLISHMENT  OF  W.    W.    CARMAN. 

community  with  pure  milk,  cream 
and  butter,  is  conveniently  located 
opposite  the  union  station.  The  milk 
is  obtained  from  the  farmers  within  a 
radius  of  ninety  miles.  The  present 
company  operating  this  creamery  was 
formed  in  1897,  by  absorbing  the 
business  of  the  following:  Forest 
City,  New  Gloucester  and  East  Wil- 
ton creameries.  The  owners  are 
M.  R.  Berry,  Charles  B.  Berry,  F.  W. 
Powers  and  Sherman  Hapgood.  The 
first  two  attended  the  public  schools  of 
this  city,  and  have  been  well  known 
here  for  many  years.  M.  R.  Berry 
started  first  in  business  by  founding 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


203 


the  New  Gloucester  Creamery.  This 
was  fifteen  years  ago.  His  long  ex- 
perience, added  to  that  of  his  three 
associates,  has  made  the  Portland 
one  of  the  best  equipped  creameries 
in  the  state.  The  product  averages 
1,500  pounds  of  butter  a  day,  and 
200  cans  of  milk  and  from  100  to 
1,000  gallons  of  cream  are  sold.  The 
six  teams  of  the  company  deliver  at 
houses  and  call  at  all  stores  daily,  in 
the  city  and  Westbrook.  Large 
quantities  of  buttermilk  are  also  sold 
to  boarding-houses.  It  is  this  cream- 
ery that 
supplies 
the  com- 
munity 
with  the 
"top  of 
the  can 
brand '  ' 
of  ster- 
i  1  i  z  e  d 
milk, 
which 
for  puri- 
ty and 
excel- 
lence is 
unsur- 
passed, 
and 
recom- 
mended 
by  phy- 
sicians 
2:  ener- 


H.  W.  McCausland. 


INTERIOR   PORTLAND   CREAMERY. 


ally. 

This  milk,  justly  appreciated  in  Port- 
land, was  recently  tested  by  Dr.  J.  R. 
Andrews,  says  the  American  Journal 
of  Health,  and  "was  found  to  respond 
to  the  most  searching  of  tests,  and  is, 
therefore,  impartially  recommended 
by  him  as  absolutely  pure  and  health- 
ful." As  the  analyzer  is  a  noted  au- 
thority, and  the  analyzation  made 
unknown  to  the  creamery,  the  re- 
sult carries  much  weight.  This  milk 
is  almost  as  thick  as  cream,  but  is 
sold  for  a  nominal  price  per  quart, 
and  many  families  in  this  city  there 
are  that  avail  themselves  of  it. 


The  name  of  McCausland  is  at 
once  associated  with  bicycles  and 
sewing  machines,  in  the  sale  of  which 
the  above  has  become  thoroughly 
known.  Eighteen  years  ago,  he 
made  his  first  business  start,  laying 
the  foundation  for  the  substantial 
reputation  he  now  holds.  In  1890, 
he  engaged  in  the  sewing  machine 
business,  and  shortly  after  added  bicy- 
cles to  his  stock.  Being  thoroughly 
familiar  with  the  instalment  business 

and  an 
aut  ho  r- 
ity  o  n 
w  h  e  e  Is 
and  sew- 
ing ma- 
chin  es, 
his  bus- 
i  n  e  s  s 
r  ap  i  d- 
1  y  in- 
creased. 
The 
store 
now 
com- 
prises 
the  first 
floor 
a  n  d 
base- 
ment of 
n  u  m  - 
b  e  r  s 
416- 418 
Congress  street.  It  was  two  years 
ago  that  he  gave  the  former  occupant 
of  418  Congress  street  a  bonus  to 
remove  his  goods  elsewhere,  to  enable 
him  to  enlarge  his  establishment  to 
its  present  dimensions.  The  place 
has,  therefore,  been  a  headquarters 
for  wheelmen,  a  veritable  hospital  for 
disabled  wheels,  and  a  never  failing 
source  of  supply  for  sundries  of  every 
kind  and  description.  Beside  being, 
in  every  sense,  abreast  of  the  times, 
and  a  dealer  whom  all  consider  thor- 
oughly reliable,  his  proverbial  good 
nature,  no  doubt  often  imposed  upon 


204 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


iu  accommodating  bicyclists  in  a 
thousand  and  one  ways,  is  always 
apparent.  With  an  eye  to  every- 
thing new  that  is  desirable,  he  carries 
nearly  all  the  popular  makes  of 
wheels,  and,  to  the  customer,  his  ad- 
vice and  judgment  in  purchasing  are 
to  be  relied  upon.  At  this  writing, 
he  has  in  stock  over  300  wheels. 
Among  the  makes  most  put  forward 
are  the  following:  Columbia,  Colum- 
bia chainless,  Clipper,  Clipper  chain- 
less,  Monarch,  Featherstone,  Envoy, 
Fleetwing,  Reading,  Standard,  El- 
dridge,  and  a  long  list  of  others. 
East  year,  about  650  wheels  were 
sold  at  his  store;  if  the  reduction  in 
the  price  of  all  wheels  is  any  crite- 
rion, there  will  be  many  more  dis- 
posed   of    by    him    this    year.        Mr. 


The  James  Bailey  Co. 


The  James  Bailey  Company  is  the 
oldest,  and  by  far  the  largest,  firm 
dealing  in  saddlery  hardware  and 
and  horse  furnishings  in  the  State  of 
Maine.  This  company  is  located  in 
the  old  Greenough  block  on  Middle 
street,  now  one  of  the  principal  busi- 
ness buildings  of  Portland.  The  en- 
tire block,  five  and  one-half  floors,  is 
filled  throughout  with  merchandise 
appertaining  to  the  subject  of  the 
saddlery  and  the  bicycle  business. 
An  enumeration  of  the  endless  va- 
riety of  goods  carried  would  be  im- 


■1 


IT  V  .!..-«» 


H.    W.    MCCAUSLAND'S 

McCauslaud  buys  all  wheels  direct 
from  the  manufacturers,  and  his 
prices  are  as  low  as  in  any  store  in 
the  country,  and  his  treatment  of 
patrons  as  liberal.  He  is  a  member 
of  Adetta  Eodge  and  Union  Encamp- 
ment I.  O.  O.  F.  He  is  also  a  mem- 
ber of  Ivanhoe  Eodge,  K.  of  P.,  and 
the  Portland  Wheel  Club.  In  the 
bicycle  trade,  hy  fair  treatment  to  all 
and  thoroughly  understanding  his 
business,  he  has  become  the  largest 
individual  dealer  in  the  state.  He  is 
an  esteemed  resident  of  Portland 
and,  during  the  summer  season  re- 
sides at  his  cottage  at  Duck  Pond. 


possible  in  the  space  here  given.  A 
partial  list  of  the  goods  carried,  as 
enumerated  in  the  company's  cata- 
logue, is  as  follows:  horse  blankets, 
wool,  plush  and  fur  robes,  lap  dust- 
ers, horse  sheets,  whips,  riding 
saddles,  road  and  trotting  boots,  har- 
ness leather,  carriage  trimmings, 
dog  collars,  hammocks,  bicycles  and 
bicycle  sundries,  and  thousands  of 
other  articles,  too  numerous  to  men- 
tion, including  a  large  and  complete 
line  of  strap  work  and  harness  parts. 
The  desirability  and  general  excel- 
lence of  the  stock,  and  up-to-date 
manner  of  its  display,  gives  the  es- 
tablishment a  thoroughly  metropol- 
itan aspect.  The  business  was 
founded  in   1846,   by  the  late  James 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


205 


Bailey,  who  conducted  it  personally 
up  to  the  time  of  his  death,  in  1883. 
After  the  death  of  Mr.  Bailey,  the 
business  was  continued  by  his  sous, 
and  in  1892  it  was  incorporated  un- 
der the  name  it  now  bears.  The 
officers  of  the  corporation  are:  Presi- 
dent, James  W.  Bailey;  treasurer, 
William  E. 
Bailey;  secre- 
tary, George 
A.  Fairbanks. 
These  officers, 
with  Chas. 
J.  Bailey,  com- 
prise the  board 
of  directors. 
They  are  job- 
bers and  re- 
tailers of  sad- 
dlery hardware 
and  horse  furn- 
ishings of  ev- 
er}- d  e  s  c  r  i  p- 
tion,  and  are 
the  largest 
jobbers  of  bi- 
cycles and 
bicycle  sun- 
dries east  of 
Boston.  Em- 
ploying three 
traveling  sales- 
men, they  sup- 
ply the  trade 
in  Maine,  New 
Ham p shir  e 
and  Vermont, 
coming  into 
direct  competi- 
tion with  the 
largest  con- 
cernsof  Boston 
and  New  York. 
The  business 
has    shown     a 

constant,  healthy  growth  from  the 
first,  and  the  reputation  of  the  firm 
has  always  been  of  the  best.  As 
showing  the  increase  in  business,  it 
is  noted  that  twenty  years  ago  six 
men  were  employed  where  eighteen 
now  find  work.  To  meet  the  de- 
mands  of   this   growing    trade,    the 


quarters  occupied  have  been  enlarged 
several  times.  The  interior  of  the 
building  has  recently  been  remodel- 
ed, and  made  strictly  up-to-date  in 
all  its  appointments,  possessing  a 
spiral  staircase,  extending  from  base- 
ment to  garret.  The  harness  room 
is  on  the  second  floor,  and  is  a  model 
of  modern  con- 
venience. It 
is  finished  in 
hardwood,  is 
lighted  by  elec- 
tricity, and  is 
practically 
dust  proof. 
Here  can  al- 
ways be  found 
the  largest 
stock  of  light 
and  heavy  har- 
nes  s  to  be 
seen  anywhere 
in  New  Eng- 
land, compris- 
ing all  grades, 
from  the  low 
price  article  to 
the  harness 
suitable  for  the 
most  costly 
and  stylish 
turnout.  The 
long  and  hon- 
orable career  of 
this  company, 
entitles  it  to  a 
foremost  place 
among  the 
substantial 
business  firms 
of  Portland. 


STORE,   THE   JAMES   BAILEY   CO. 


J.  E.  Goold  & 
Co. 


A  list  of  the  prominent  business 
houses  of  Portland  would  be  incom- 
plete if  it  did  not  contain  the  name 
of  J.  E.  Goold  &  Co.,  wholesale 
druggists,  201  Federal  street,  the 
worthy  successors  to  the  old  and  re- 
liable firm  of  E.  L.  Stanwood  &  Co., 
which    was   established  in   the    year 


2o6 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


J.    E.    GOOLD. 

1867.  In  1880,  J.  E.  Goold  was  ad- 
mitted to  partnership  in  this  com- 
pany, and  in  1896  the  business  was 
incorporated  under  the  name  of  J.  E. 
Goold  &  Co.,  with  Mr.  Goold  as  pres- 
ident and  general  manager.  Upon 
the  death  of  Mr.  Stan  wood  in  1892, 
he  became  the  sole  proprietor.  Mr. 
Goold  began  the  drug  bnsiness  in 
1862,  as  clerk  for  John  \V.  Perkins  & 
Co.,  and  four  years  later  entered  the 
employ  of  Mr.  Stanwood, 
who  conducted  a  jobbing 
business  on  Middle  street, 
and  then  on  Market  street, 
subsequent  to  his  removal  to 
the  present  location  of  the 
firm.  Mr.  Goold's  time, 
previous  to  Mr.  Stanwood' s 
death,  was  spent  principally 
on  the  road  in  the  interests 
of  trade,  and  he  established 
for  himself  a  reputation  for 
integrity  and  sound  judgment 
which  has  been  a  large  factor 
in  his  successful  business  ca- 
reer. He  is  a  man  thor- 
oughly devoted  to  business, 
and  has  had  neither  time  nor 
inclination  for  public  office  or 
outside  issues.  He  is  an 
Odd  Fellow  and  a  Mason, 
and   in    the    latter  order  has 


risen  to  the  rank  of  knight  temp- 
lar. This  firm  carries  a  full  line 
of  drugs  aud  druggists'  sundries, 
patent  medicines,  toilet  articles, 
paints,  oils,  varnishes  and  paint- 
ers' supplies,  cigars,  tobacco, 
pipes,  spices,  etc.  They  are  also 
agents  for  the  sale  of  H.  W.  Johns' 
liquid  paints  and  asbestos  materi- 
als, recognized  by  the  trade  every- 
where as  the  standard  of  their 
class.  This  solid  and  substantial 
Portland  firm  has  occupied  its 
present  quarters  for  a  period  of 
ten  years,  having  the  most  com- 
plete confidence  of  the  buying  pub- 
lic, and  noting  each  succeeding 
year  a  gratifying  increase  in  busi- 
ness along  all  the  lines  to  which 
attention  has  been  given.  Strictly 
up-to-date  and  alive  to  the  de- 
mands of  the  times,  it  enjoys  a  large 
measure  of  public  confidence  and 
respect. 


The  Globe   Steam  Laundry. 


The  Globe  Steam  Laundry,  al- 
though occupying  a  building  possess- 
ing an  unassuming  exterior,  is  one 
of  the  largest  laundries  in  New  Eng- 
land,    employing    from     140    to   175 


STORE,   J.    E.    GOOLD   &  CO. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


207 


hands.  It  not  only  provides  the  best 
of  service  in  and  about  Portland,  em- 
ploying six  teams  locally,  but  the 
scope  of  its  work  covers  every  New 
England  state.  The  growth  of  the 
business  has  been  enormous  since  it 
was  established,  about  twelve  years 
ago,  by  its  present  proprietor,  T.  J. 
Frothingham,  with  nine  assistants. 
The  laundry  not  only  does  a  large 
business  in  the  finer  grades  of  work, 
but  family  washings  are  done  care- 
fully and  conscientiously,  thus  re- 
lieving the  busy  housewife  of  the 
hardest  and  most  trying  portion  of 
her  work.  The  establishment  is 
equipped  with  every  desirable  mod- 
ern machine  for  washing,  drying, 
starching  and  ironing.  Every  pos- 
sible comfort  is  provided  for  employ- 
ees, the  interior  being  ventilated  and 
cooled  by  six  exhaust  fans.  The 
receiving  department  is  located  in  the 
rear  of  the  building,  and  goods  are 
delivered  from  the  front.  The  wash- 
ing department  has  cemented  floors, 
and  contains  eleven  large  three-com- 
partment washers,  five  large  exhaust- 
ers, and  several  extracting  machines, 


GLOBE    STEAM    LAUNDRY. 


T.    J.    FROTHINGHAM. 

which  take  the  place  of  old-fashioned 
wringers.  On  the  first  floor  are  the 
general  office,  the  private  office  of 
the  proprietor,  and  the  starched  goods 
department.  Twenty  hands  are  em- 
ployed in  the  starch  room.  From 
this  room  shirts,   collars,  cuffs,  etc., 

go  to  the 
d  r  y  i  n  g 
cabinets, 
and  then 
to  the  iron- 
ing depart  - 
m  e  11  t  , 
where  each 
assist  ant 
does  a 
special 
part  of  the 
w  o  r  k  . 
Goods  then 
go  to  the 
assorting 
room  and 
from  there 
to  the  ship- 
ping de- 
partment. 
On  the  sec- 
ond floor, 
are  the 
shirt  waist 


208 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


and  plain  clothes  departments.  An 
air  of  wholesome  cleanliness  pervades 
ever\-  nook  and  corner  of  the  estab- 
lishment. Mr.  Frothingham's  suc- 
cess has  been  achieved  by  his 
progressive  business  methods  and  by 
a  constant  and  untiring  attention  to 
all  the  details  of  his  business. 


C.  A.  Hanson. 


Not  only  one  of  the  largest  con- 
tractors and 
builders  is 
C.  A.  Han- 
son, but  one 
whose  e  x- 
.tensive  op- 
era t  i  o  n  s 
have  ever 
been  con- 
ducted to 
the  com- 
plete satis- 
faction o  f 
his  custom- 
ers— a  re- 
markable 
record  for  a 
cont  r  a  c  t  or 
in  any  com- 
m  u  n  i  t  y  . 
Mr.  Hanson 
was  born  in 
Yarmo  u  th, 
Me.,  forty- 
nine  years 
ago,  and 
commenced 
to  learn  his 
trade  when 
a  boy  of 
t  h  i  r  t  e  e  n 
years  of  age. 
During    the 

Civil  war,  he  was  employed  a  portion 
of  the  time  at  the  Oriental  Powder 
Mills,  but  at  sixteen  years  of  age 
came  to  Portland,  where  he  has  since 
resided,  and  continuously  been  asso- 
ciated with  carpentering.  He  first 
worked  for  Cummings  &  Brock,  and, 
as  a  journeyman,  was  employed  bjr 
other   old-time    leading    contractors, 


viz:  Charles  Frost,  Jordan  Bros., 
Geo.  Worcester  and  Spencer  Rogers. 
He  worked  on  the  post-office  and  cus- 
tom house  buildings,  and  always 
enjoyed  a  high  reputation  for  consci- 
tiousness,  and  was  ranked  as  one  of 
the  first  in  his  profession.  After 
concluding  his  work  as  a  journey- 
man by  a  year's  job  in  the  Portland 
&  Rochester  Railroad  work  shops,  he 
started  in  business  for  himself,  under 
the    most    favorable    auspices, — that 

of  the  good 
name  and 
good-will  of 
his  employ- 
ers and  the 
coram  u  n  ity 
generall}'. 
Adopting  a 
system  for 
keeping  ac- 
count, not 
only  of  all 
items  of  or- 
ders, but  all 
the      indus- 


trious men 
who  might 
apply  to  him 
for  employ- 
ment; he  has 
ever  since 
conducte  d 
his  business 
by  the  same 
sure  a  n  d 
succe  ssful 
m  e  t  h  o  d. 
Among  the 
b  u i 1 d  i ngs 
erected  by 
him,  are  the 
c.a.hanson.  following: 

finishing  of 
the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  building,  Portland; 
Jefferson  Theater,  McCullum's  and 
Gem  theaters;  Clapp  building,  Mon- 
ument Square,  Portland,  the  front  of 
which  is  of  his  own  design;  and  a 
Si5,ooo  residence  for  J.  F.  Robinson, 
at  South  Windham,  and  many  others 
of  which  he  has  been  both  builder  and 
architect.     His    shop    and   residence 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


209 


on    his    property,    185    to   191   Grant 
street,  are  in  a  portion  of  the  city  re- 
cently improved  and  built  up  through 
his   example    and    effort.     His    resi- 
dence, built  as  lie  claims    from  odds 
and  ends,   is  a  most  comfortable  and 
thoroughly     constructed     house,     in 
which  there  seems  nothing  lacking  in 
modern  improvements,  even  to  speak- 
ing tubes  and  electric  appliances  for 
lighting  gas  and    saving  steps.     He 
is    a    Republi- 
can in  politics, 
but       not      an 
office      seeker, 
finding    pleas- 
ure in  the  com- 
forts     of      his 
well    ordered 
and  hospitable 
home.     He    is 
a    member     of 
the  Knights  of 
Pythias     and 
New    England 
Order  of    Pro- 
tection. 


George  C. 
Shaw. 


When  George 
C.  Shaw  came 
to  Portland 
from  Putney, 
Vt.,  in  1S60, 
his  cash  capi- 
tal was  small, 
but  he  had  a 
stock  of  pluck 
and  energy 
that  has  served 
him  better  than  mere  money  could 
have  done.  On  coming  to  Portland, 
he  opened  a  small  retail  grocery  store 
at  235  Middle  street.  This  location 
he  has  occupied  ever  since,  except 
that  when  driven  out  by  the  great 
fire  of  1 866,  he  removed  that  part  of 
his  goods  saved,  to  the  old  market 
building  in  Monument  square,  where 
he  remained  until  his  store  was  re- 
built. Later  he  purchased  the  stock 
of    C.    A.    Weston,    located    in    the 


GEO.    C.    SHAW. 


building  on    Congress  street,  on  the 
site  now  occupied    by    the    Milliken 
block.     Three  years  later  he  moved 
across  the  street,  where  his  trade  in- 
creased to  such  an  extent  that  he  was 
obliged  to  enlarge  his  quarters  from 
time  to  time,  until  he  had  the  largest 
and    most  commodious  store  east  of 
Boston.      On  opening  the  new  store, 
Mr.    Shaw    took  into  co-partnership 
his  nephew,   W.  W.  Sabine,  and  the 
fi  r  m      became 
Geo.  C.   Shaw 
&  Co.     A  few 
years  ago,  the 
firm  purchased 
the  large   gro- 
cery   store    of 
A.  L.   Millett, 
just  above  the 
Congress  street 
store,    thereby 
securing      i  n- 
creased    facili- 
ties   for    sup- 
plying a  rapid- 
ly     growing 
trade.        In 
April,        1899, 
fire  in  the  Con- 
gress      street 
store      did       a 
large     amount 
of  damage,  and 
necessi  tated 
the  closing    of 
the  store  for  a 
time.       With 
characteristic 
energy,       the 
firm  secured  a 
store  in    Mon- 
ument square,  and  at  once  began  the 
work  of  fitting  it  for  use.     This  new 
store    was    opened    to    the    public  on 
Saturday,     June  3.       It     is    without 
doubt  the  handsomest    store  devoted 
to  the  grocery  business  in  the  state. 
The  ceiling  is  of  steel,  the  finishings 
are  of  oak  throughout,   and  no  mod- 
ern   convenience    has    been  omitted. 
This  new  store    will  be  devoted  ex- 
clusively   to   the    retail    trade.       On 
August   1    it    is  proposed  to  re-open 


2IO 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


211 


the  Congress  street  store.  This  re- 
juvenated store  will  cater  to  both  the 
wholesale  and  retail  trade,  and  will  be 
be  far  ahead  of  the  old  store  in  the  mat- 
ter of  appearance  and  in  facilities  for 
business.  It  will  have  a  frontage  of 
seventy  feet,  a  depth  of  one  hundred 
and  twenty  feet,  and  will  give  em- 
ployment to  seventy  people.  With 
three  large  stores,  each  complete  in 
itself,  under  the  management  of  men 
who  have  made  the  business  a  life 
study,  it  naturally  follows  that  the 
firm  of  Geo.  C.  Shaw  &  Co.,  is  a 
potent  factor  in  Portland's  commer- 
cial life. 

John  F.  Proctor. 

One  of  the  most  popular  and  relia- 
ble representatives  of  realty  interests 
in  Portland,  is  John  F.  Proctor,  who 
has  his  office  at  93  Exchange  street. 
Mr.  Proctor  is  a  native  of  Portland, 
and  has  been  in  the  real  estate  busi- 
ness here  constantly  since  1863,  mak- 
ing it  by  far  the  oldest  real  estate 
concern  in  the  city.  Mr.  Proctor's 
reputation  has  always  been  of  the 
best,  and  he  has  a  liberal  and  sub- 
stantial patronage.  His  business 
includes  buying,  selling  and  exchang- 
ing houses,  farms,  building  lots, 
negotiating  loans  and  mortgages, 
and    attending    to    the    collection    of 


JOHN    F.    PROCTOR. 

rents  and  the  management  of  estates. 
He  is  thoroughly  conversant  with  all 
legal  forms  and  requirements  inci- 
dent to  the  transfer  of  every  descrip- 
tion of  property,  and  he  has  complete 
facilities  for  the  purchase,  sale  and 
lease  of  houses,  flats  and  business 
property,  etc.,  and  customers  who 
consult  him  are  sure  to  find  some- 
thing to  suit  in  the  large  variety 
offered.  He  has  at  all  times  on  his 
books  values  to  suit  every  investor, 
from  the  man  of  small  means  who 
wants  to  put  his  savings  into  a  home, 


255  •  STANDARD    CLOTHING    CO.  *  255 


STORE   OF  THE   STANDARD   CLOTHING   CO.,  MIDDLE    STREET. 


212 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


to  the  capitalist  who  is  in  search  of  a 
productive  channel  for  his  surplus 
resources.  Mr.  Proctor  is  a  member 
of  the  Portland  Board  of  Trade. 


Walter  Corey  Co. 


One  of  Portland's  old  and  thor- 
oughly reliable  business  houses  is  the 
Walter  Corey  Co.,  the  only  concern 
in  the  city  dealing  exclusively  in 
furniture  and  draperies.  The  busi- 
ness was  established  in  1836,  and  has 


1896,  the  appearance  of  the  building 
was  greatly  improved  by  the  erection 
of  an  entire  new  front.  At  this  time 
also,  another  enlargement  of  quarters 
occurred,  so  that  now  57,000  square 
feet  of  floor  space  are  occupied. 
While  the  firm  carries  an  almost  in- 
exhaustible stock  of  the  very  best 
grades  of  furniture  and  draperies, 
numbering  among  their  regular  cus- 
tomers the  elite  of  the  city  and  state, 
they  also  carry  medium  priced  goods 
in   large  variety.     Furniture  is    also 


INTERIOR   STORE   OF  WALTER  COREY    CO. 


been  successfully  continued  ever 
since,  an  unbroken  record  of  sixty- 
three  years'  honorable  and  straight- 
forward service.  The  founder,  Walter 
Corey,  began  business  on  Exchange 
street,  and  remained  there  until  the 
store  was  destroyed  by  the  fire  of 
1866.  In  1867,  he  removed  to  the 
present  location  on  Free  street.  The 
store  now  occupied  has  been  much 
enlarged,  to  keep  pace  with  increased 
business  demands,  and  to  give  better 
facilities  for  serving  the  public.     In 


manufactured  on  the  premises;  this 
makes  it  possible  for  the  firm  to  con- 
scientiously guarantee  the  quality  in 
every  instance.  A  trip  through  the 
store  at  any  time  will  show  that  the 
Walter  Corey  Co.  carries  goods,  in 
quality  and  artistic  excellence,  suit- 
able for  furnishing  the  finest  mansion 
or  city  residence.  The  energetic 
clerks  employed  possess  a  correct 
taste  on  all  questions  of  interior  deco- 
ration, and  their  advice  is  sought  by 
the    most    fastidious   class    of   trade. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


213 


At  the  factory,  thirty-five  men  are 
regularly  employed.  The  store  is 
one  of  the  most  attractive  business 
places  in  Portland.  It  is  off  the  main 
thoroughfare,  making  it  somewhat 
difficult  for  the  stranger  to  find,  but 
this  location  enables  the  firm  to  do  an 
enormous  business,  in  which  custom- 
ers get  the  benefit  of  a  comparatively 
small  expense  account.  When  the 
founder  of  the  business   retired,   his 

son,     Walter  

L.  Corey, 
succeeded  to 
the  business. 
Some  nine 
years  ago, 
a  close  cor- 
poration was 
formed,  of 
which  Walter 
H.  Brown  is 
president, 
Walter  Iy. 
Corey,  treas- 
urer and  gen- 
eral manager, 
and  Joseph 
T.  Adams, 
clerk. 


The  Norton- 
Chapman  Co. 


In  every 
city  there  are 
business 
firms  that  by 
reason  of  long 
years  of  safe, 
conservat  i  ve 
industry,  nev- 
er taking 
chances 

where  the  prize  was  worthless,  or  miss- 
ing a  safe  opening  for  the  extension 
of  trade,  are  looked  upon  as  a  part  of 
the  substantial  commercial  life  of  the 
community.  Such  firms  set  the  stand- 
ard for  would-be  competitors,  and, 
careful  of  their  own  reputation,  are 
important  factors  in  the  make-up  of 
the  reputation  of  the  city.  Among 
the    lar°re    and    successful    business 


HERBERT  O.    PHILLIPS. 


houses  of  Portland,  the  Norton- 
Chapman  Co.  is  entitled  to  high  rank. 
It  conducts  the  business  of  general 
commission  merchants,  in  flour,  grain, 
mill  feed,  concentrated  feeds,  farina- 
ceous products  and  salt,  and  receivers 
of  dry  and  pickled  fish  and  canned 
goods,  with  headquarters  in  the  Ox- 
ford building,  185  Middle  street,  and 
a  branch  office  in  Boston,  408  Chamber 
of  Commerce.  The  business  was 
founded  o  11 
Sept.  1,  1863, 
by  E.  A. 
Norton,  who, 
remained 
with  the  firm 
until  1 87 1, 
and  C.  C. 
Chapman, 
who  is  now 
president  of 
the  Chapman 
National 
Bank.  On 
Mr.  Norton's 
retirement 
from  the  firm, 
the  business 
was  contin- 
ued by  Mes- 
srs. Charles 
J.  and  C.  C. 
C  hapnian, 
and  in  1894 
it  was  incor- 
porated un- 
der the  name 
it  now  bears, 
with  Charles 
J.  Chapman 
as  treasurer 
and  manager 
and  principal 
On  the  death  of  C.  J.  Chap- 
1898,   the    junior    member  of 


owner, 
man  in 

the  firm,  II.  O.  Phillips,  became  gen- 
eral manager.  The  growth  of  the 
business  of  this  concern  has  been 
steady  and  substantial.  Originally, 
a  flour  and  grain  commission  house, 
for  many  years  it  did  a  larger  busi- 
ness in  this  line  than  any  other  firm 
in  Maine.     Then  a  department    was 


214 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


organized  to  advertise,  sell  on  orders 
and  distribute  the  fish  and  canned 
goods  of  the  state  through  the  West 
and  vSouth.  This  branch  of  the  bus- 
iness, of  which  W.  H.  Shurtleff 
has  charge,  has  met  with  flattering 
success,  more  than  meeting  the  ex- 
pectations of  its  originator.  As  the 
excellent  business  foresight  of  the 
members  of  the  company  interpreted 
the  demands  of  the  trade,  the  firm 
branched  out  until  it  now  does  a  gen- 
eral commission  business.  They  are 
state  agents  for  Maine  for  " Pills- 
bury  's Best"  flour,  generally  acknowl- 
edged as  representing  the  standard 
of  excellence,  and  for  the  other  vari- 
ous cereal  products  of  the  Pillsbury 
Mills,  which  through  their  efforts 
have  become  articles  of  daily  con- 
sumption in  a  large  percentage  of  the 
households  of  the  state;  they  are  the 
New  England  agents  for  the  feed 
products  of  the  Glucose  Sugar  Re- 
fining Co.,  of  Chicago,  the  largest 
producers  of  this  particular  line  of 
goods  in  the  world,  their 

"Chicago  Gluten  Meal," 

being  recognized  as  the 

highest     quality     dairy 

feed  manufactured,   and 

they   represent    a    score 

of  other  milling  com- 
panies for  the  handling 

of     .specialties.       Corn, 

oats,     bran,    middlings, 

and  wheat  are  received 

direct    from    the    West, 

and  thoroughly  distrib- 
uted    in    the    territory 

supplied  by  this  enter- 
prising firm.       In  turn, 

through    their    brokers 

in  all  the  large  cities  of 

the    West    and    South, 

they  distribute  the  fish 

and  canned  products  of 

Maine.      The    business 

conducted    is  a   strictly 

wholesale    one,    and  its 

volume  is  such  that  all 

orders  are  filled  prompt- 
ly     and    at     the     very 

lowest     market    prices. 


Herbert  O.  Phillips,  the  present  man- 
ager, has  been  connected  with  the 
firm  for  many  years.  He  began  work 
in  the  capacity  of  office  boy,  and  by 
reason  of  unusual  ability  and  strict 
attention  to  the  demands  of  business, 
he  has  advanced  steadity  from  the 
lowest  to  the  highest  position.  To 
his  excellent  judgment  and  ability  to 
read  the  signs  of  the  times,  the  ma- 
terial success  of  this  firm  is  in  no 
small  measure  due.  Mr.  Phillips  is 
at  present  a  member  of  the  Portland 
city  council,  and  is  everywhere  re- 
garded as  a  valuable  citizen,  not  only 
because  of  his  sterling  business  repu- 
tation, but  also  by  reason  of  his  en- 
gaging social  qualities.  Hon.  Charles 
J.  Chapman,  who,  with  his  brother, 
Cullen  C.  Chapman,  took  so  large  a 
part  in  laying  deep  and  broad  the 
foundations  upon  which  the  business 
reputation  of  the  Norton- Chapman 
Co.  rests,  was  born  in  Bethel,  Oxford 
County,  Me.,  Jan.  29,  1846,  and  died 
at    his    home    in    Portland,    June     1, 


FIRE   INSURANCE   OFFICE   OF   DOW   4   PINKHAM,    EXCHANGE   ST. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


215 


1898.  He  began  his  education  in  the 
public  schools  of  his  native  town, 
fitted  for  college  and  graduated  from 
Bowdoin  with  the  degree  of  A.  B.,  in 
the  class  of  1864.  After  graduation 
he  went  to  Minnesota,  where  he  was 
employed  two  years  by  the  Northern 
Pacific  Railroad.  In  the  year  1870, 
he  returned  to  Maine,  and  at  once 
entered  upon  the  business  career 
which  eventually  proved  such  a  bril- 
liant one.  Mr.  Chapman  was  a  Re- 
publican in  politics,  and  in  18S6  he 
was  elected  mayor  of  Portland.  His 
clean,  business-like  administration 
was  so  thoroughly  appreciated,  that 
he  was  re-elected  for  the  two  succeed- 
ing terms  by  flattering  majorities.  It 
was  during  18S6  that  Portland  cele- 
brated its  centennial  anniversary  as 
a  town,  and  the  success  of  the  event 
was  due  largely  to  Mayor  Chapman's 
comprehensive  grasp  of  the  demands 
of  the  occasion.  He  was  a  man  of 
sterling  worth,  and  his  character  in 
public  and  private  life  was  unim- 
peachable. 


M.  D.  Hanson. 


One  of  Portland's  leading  photog- 
raphers is  M.  D.  Hanson,  proprietor 
of  the  Hanson  studio,  in  Monument 
square,  many  of  whose  views  and 
portraits  are  reproduced  in  this  work. 
This  studio,  although  it  had  been  in 
operation  thirty  years,  had  been 
closed  six  months,  when  Mr.  Hanson 
purchased  it  seven  years  ago.  By 
producing  work  of  the  finest  grade, 
and  by  giving  the  same  careful  atten- 
tion to  each  customer,  he  has  ac- 
quired an  eviable  reputation,  and 
built  up  a  large  business.  The  fact 
that  he  gavre  2,200  sittings  last  year, 
is  evidence  of  the  popularity  of  his 
work,  which  comprises  everything 
from  the  copying  of  small  pictures  to 
the  making  of  large  portraits,  by  the 
modern  platinum  process.  While  his 
photographic  work  is  unexcelled,  he 
is  a  talented  artist  in  posing,  and  in 
crayon,  pastel  and  water  color.     He 


is  the  only  photographer  in  the  city 
doing  all  his  own  work  in  the  last 
mentioned  line.  Mr.  Hanson  was 
born  in  Calais,  Me.,  and  was  for  sev- 
eral years  associated  with  the  Stan- 
leys of  Iyewiston.  His  talent  as  a 
crayon  artist  won  for  him  an  engage- 
ment with  the  large  establishment  of 
Sprague  &  Hathaway,  of  Somerville, 
Mass.,  where  he  remained  several 
years  before  commencing  business  for 
himself.  His  is  one  of  the  finest  and 
best  equipped  studios  in  the  state, 
and  uses  only  the  Dalleu^er  lenses, 


M.    D.    HANSON. 

the  best  in  the  world.  Mr.  Hanson 
is  president  of  the  New  England 
Photographic  Club.  He  has  distin- 
guished himself  by  ordering  to  oper- 
ate the  first  automobile  used  in 
in  Portland,  and  probably  the  first  in 
the  state. 


The  Thurston  Print. 


The  founder  of  the  plant  of  The 
Thurston  Print  was  Brown  Thurston, 
who  was  born  in  Winthrop,  Me.,  Oct. 
6,  18 14,   and,   coming  to  Portland  in 


2l6 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


November,  1841,  opened  an  office  at 
13  Exchange  street.  In  1843,  he 
took  into  partnership  Arthur  H. 
Branseomb,  George  F.  H.  Ilsley  and 
L,evi  W-  Fenley,  under  the  firm  name 
of  Thurston,  Ilsley  &  Co.,  and  moved 
to  the  third  story  of  64  Exchange 
street.  In  1844,  they  purchased  the 
office  of  the  Free  Will  Baptist  Repos- 
itory in  Saco,  which  was  consolidated 
with  the 
Portland 
plant  after 
about  ayear. 
About  this 
time  the  firm 
fitted  up  a 
stereotype 
foundry  and 
greatly  en- 
larged their 
facilities  for 
work.  This 
firm  was  the 
first  to  use  a 
power  press 
in  the  State 
o  f  Maine. 
The  part- 
nership of 
Thurston, 
Ilsley  &  Co. 
w  as  d  i  s- 
solved  in 
1846,  and 
Samuel 
Thurston 
was  taken 
into  the  new 
firm  of 
Thurston  & 
Co.  In  1 85 1 
S  a  m  u  el 
Thurston  retired,  and  Newell  A.  Fos- 
ter and  William  H.  Jerris  came  in 
under  the  firm  name  of  Thurston, 
Foster  &  Co.  This  was  dissolved  at 
the  expiration  of  a  year.  In  1854, 
Mr.  Thurston  moved  into  the  Fox 
block,  at  the  corner  of  Exchange  and 
Middle  streets.  He  continued  with- 
out a  partner  until  1865,  when  his 
son,  Charles  B.,  was  admitted  to  the 
firm.     The  great  fire  of  July  4,  1866, 


FRED.    L.    TOWER,    PRES.    AND    MNGR.,     THURSTON    PRINT. 


destroyed  the  plant  and  dissolved  the 
partnership,  but  Mr.  Thurston,  un- 
daunted by  reverses,  purchased  a 
new  outfit,  which  was  located  tem- 
porarily on  Commercial  street,  and 
afterward  moved  into  the  building 
now  occupied  on  Exchange  street. 
In  1874,  Stuart  A.  Strout  and  John 
H.  Russell  were  taken  into  partner- 
ship. Mr.  Russell  severed  his  con- 
nection in 
1880,  and 
Mr.  Strout 
con  tinued 
with  the 
firm  until 
his  death  in 
1885.  In 
1886  George 
H.  Watkins 
came  into 
the  firm, 
which  was 
incorporat- 
ed on  March 
3,  1890,  as 
the  Brown 
Thurston 
C  ompany, 
with  Brown 
Thurston  as 
president, 
and  George 
H.  Watkins 
as  treasurer. 
Three  days 
later,  M  r. 
Watkins 
died  and 
Charles  B. 
Thurston 
was  chosen 
treasu  rer, 
and  Fred.  L.  Tower  was  elected  gen- 
eral manager.  In  1895,  Mr-  Thurs- 
ton retired  from  the  firm,  and  the 
business  was  acquired  by  The  Thurs- 
ton Print,  a  corporation  formed  for 
the  purpose,  with  Mr.  Tower  as  pres- 
ident and  general  manager,  and  I. 
N.  Halliday  as  treasurer  and  super- 
intendent. On  the  retirement  of  Mr. 
Halliday,  in  1898,  Will  F.  Davis 
became  treasurer,    and  the  duties  of 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


2  17 


superintendent  devolved  upon  Mr. 
Tower.  The  Thurston  Print  is  now 
by  far  the  largest  exclusive  job  print- 
ing plant  in  Maine.  Additions  and 
improvements  are  constantly  being 
made,  and  all  modern  facilities  for 
neat  printing  are  in  use.  Among  the 
recent  important  additions,  is  one  of 
the  latest  improved  type-setting  ma- 
chines. Besides  publishing  a  large 
number  of  directories  for  cities  and 
towns  in  Maine,  the  directories  of  all 
the    principal    cities    in   the    United 


He  was  educated  in  the  public  schools 
of  Stoughton,  and  in  the  Roxbury 
High  School.  Beginning  business 
life  as  clerk  in  the  office  of  the  E. 
Howard  Watch  Co.,  where  he  re- 
mained two  years,  he  was  afterward 
employed  as  clerk  by  several  promi- 
nent Boston  grocery  firms.  Impaired 
health,  caused  by  close  confinement, 
led  him  to  seek  outside  employment, 
and  he  accepted  a  situation  with  W. 
A.  Greenough  &  Co.,  directory  pub- 
lishers.    In  1SS1,  whenW.  A.  Green- 


THURSTON    PRINT,    SHOWING    PRESS   ON    WHICH   THIS   BOOK     WAS   BEING    PRINTED. 


States  are  here  kept  on  file.  As 
artistic  printers  of  the  finer  grades  of 
half-tone  work,  The  Thurston  Print 
has  earned  a  wide  reputation.  This 
volume  is  a  good  specimen  of  their 
work  in  this  line.  Frederic  Lincoln 
Tower,  the  president  and  general 
manager,  is  one  of  Portland's  able 
business  men.  To  his  able  manage- 
ment and  painstaking  care,  the  pres- 
ent enviable  reputation  of  this  firm  is 
largely  due.  He  was  born  in  Stough- 
ton, Mass.,  Aug.  23,  i860,  and  is 
descended    from   old    colonial  stock. 


ough  &  Co.  purchased  a  half  interest 
in  the  Portland  directory,  Mr.  Tower 
came  to  Portland  as  compiler  of  it, 
and  laid  the  foundation  of  his  marked 
business  success.  B.  Thurston  & 
Co.  were  the  publishers  of  this  direc- 
tory, and  at  this  time  his  connection 
with  the  firm  began.  Mr.  Tower  is  a 
member  of  the  Sons  of  the  American 
Revolution,  a  past  chancellor  of  Bram- 
hall  Lodge,  Knights  of  Pythias,  rep- 
resentative to  the  grand  lodge,  and 
member  of  the  judiciary  committee  of 
that  body. 


218 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Curtis  &  Son  Company. 


Through  the  above  concern  Port- 
land is  noted  for  the  manufacture  of 
chewing  gum,  as  the  history  of  the 
entire  business  of  the  world  dates 
back  to  the  start  made  by  John  B. 
Curtis,  in  1850.  Spruce  chewing 
gum  was  made  by  his  father  with  the 
use  of  a  kitchen  stove,  and  rudely 
put  up  in  comparison  with  the  mar- 
vels of  artistic  creations  of  the  present 
day.     Mr.  Curtis  started  out  with  his 


FACTORY,   CURTIS   &.  SON    COMPANY,    FIRST   BRICK  CHEWING 
GUM    FACTORY   BUILT   IN   THE    UNITED   STATES. 


novel  product,  and,  undaunted  by  the 
unpromising  reception  at  first,  finally 
succeeded  in  educating  the  dealer, 
and  through  him  the  public,  until 
the  demand  outgrew  his  wildest  hopes. 
Three  different  factories  were  built  by 
him,  for  the  making  of  chewing  gum, 
the  last  in  1866,  is  shown  in  the  ac- 
companying illustration.  This  is  the 
first  brick  building  ever  built  for  the 
manufacture  of  chewing  gum,  to 
which  notable  enlargements  have 
been    made    necessarv,  from  time  to 


time,  to  keep  pace  with  the  growth 
of  the  business.  After  the  use  of 
spruce  gum  had  become  firmly  fixed 
in  the  public  favor,  it  was  discovered 
that  paraffine  was  a  material  which 
could  be  made  use  of  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  chewing  gums,  and  to  this 
day  these  white  gums  are  popular 
with  a  large  portion  of  the  public. 
In  about  1871,  gum  chicle,  which 
had  been  brought  to  New  York  for 
purposes  of  experimenting,  and  as  a 
hoped-for  substitute  for  gutta  percha. 
was  found  to  be  a  very  ac- 
ceptable substance,  and 
perfectly  adapted  to  the 
making  of  chewing  gum; 
since  that  time  the  use  of 
this  material  has  increased 
enormously,  and  with  a 
very  large  part  of  the  pub- 
lic, has  supplanted  the  use 
of  spruce  and  paraffine. 
The  output  of  this  historic 
factory  is  over  1,000  boxes 
daily.  Shipments  are  now 
made  covering  the  entire 
territory  from  St.  Johns, 
%0ge0*  New  Foundland,  to  Hono- 
lulu, and  from  Owen's 
Sound,  Ontario,  to  the 
City  of  Mexico.  The  bus- 
iness in  this  city  requires 
from  65  to  85  hands  the 
year  round,  and  the  fac- 
tory is  equipped  with  all 
the  labor  saving  devices  in 
the  way  of  modern  ma- 
chinery. There  is  used  at 
the  facton-  200,000  pounds 
of  sugar,  75,000  pounds  of 
gum  chicle,  25  tons  of  spruce,  and  20 
tons  of  paraffine  annually.  This  con- 
cern, the  pioneer  in  the  chewing  gum 
business  in  the  United  States,  and  in 
fact,  the  world,  for  many  years  en- 
joying and  meriting  a  monopoly,  was, 
until  his  decease,  carried  on  under 
the  firm  name  of  Curtis  &  Son,  by 
the  late  John  B.  Curtis,  a  well  known 
citizen  of  Portland.  On  January  1, 
1898,  the  business  was  merged  into 
the  present  close  corporation,  of 
which  Adam  P.  L,eighton  is  president, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


219 


and  S.  B.  Adams,  treasurer,  both 
of  whom  are  well  known  in  business 
and  financial  circles. 


J.  Putnam  Stevens. 

J.  Putnam  Stevens,   general  agent 
for  Maine  of  the  Massachusetts  Mu- 
tual   Life    Insurance    Co.,     with  an 
office  on  Exchange  street,   Portland, 
is    w  i  t  h  o  u  t 
doubt  one  of 
the        best 
known    m  e  n 
in     the     city 
and  state,  ow- 
ing to  the  fact 
that    during 
his      active 
business     ca- 
reer,  extend- 
ing   over  the 
past    twenty- 
five  years,  he 
has    traveled 
continuously 
over  the  state. 
Mr.     Stevens 
was   born    in 
Wi  n  t  hrop, 
Kennebec 
County,  Me., 
on    Nov.    24, 
1852.       He 
was  educated 
in  the  public 
schools,     and 
at  the  Maine 
Wesleyan 
Seminary     at 
Kents      Hill. 
After      his 
g  r  a  d  u  a  t  ion 
from  the  latter  institution,  at  the  age 
of  twenty,  he    devoted    some  time  to 
teaching    school,    and  then  began    a 
mercantile   life    by    engaging  in   the 
fruit  tree  business,  showing  from  the 
start    a    marked    business   aptitude. 
He  soon  afterward  became  connected 
with  the  North    Wayne    Paper   Co., 
and    for    three    years    was    financial 
manager   of   the    mills    of  that  com- 
pany.    When  the  plant  was  destroyed 


J.    PUTNAM    STEVENS. 


by  fire,  Mr.  Stevens  came  to  Portland 
and  accepted  a  position  as  traveling 
salesman  with  Harris  &  Co.,  the  firm 
which  later  became  Howes,  Hilton  & 
Harris,  atone  time  the  leading  whole- 
sale  grocers   on    Commercial   street. 
His    eminently    successful    career  in 
the  insurance  business  began  about 
fifteen  years  ago,  when  he  accepted 
an    agency    for    the    Maine    Benefit 
Association, 
of      Auburn, 
Me.   His  suc- 
cess with  this 
company    led 
to      his      ap- 
pointment  as 
general  agent 
of    the    com- 
pany he  now 
so    ably  rep- 
resents.     He 
has      s  u  b- 
agents  in   all 
the   principal 
cities      and 
towns       of 
Maine,       and 
since  he  took 
charge  of  the 
business,     he 
has  increased 
the  aggregate 
of    premiums 
and     collec- 
tions  of     the 
company     i  n 
Maine,    more 
than  six  hun- 
dred per  cent. 
Mr.     Stevens 
has  resided  in 
Portland    for 
sixteen  years.     He  is  a  thirty-second 
degree  Mason,  a    member   of  the  Be- 
nevolent   Order   of  Elks,   and  of  the 
Knights  of  the  Essenic  Order.     With 
the  exception  of  two  years,   when  he 
was  a  member  of  the  board  of  select- 
men,     and      superintending     school 
committee  in  the  town  of  Wayne,  he 
he  has  never  sought  nor  held  public 
office.      He  is  known  as  one  of  Port- 
land's energetic  citizens. 


220 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Portland  Evening;  Express. 

Welcomed  in  more  homes  in  Greater 
Portland  than  any  other  daily  paper 
published  within  its  limits,  a  brief 
history  of  the  paper's  growth,  in  a 
field  occupied,  at  the  time  it  was  first 
issued,  by  three  old  established  pa- 
pers, will  be  interesting  to  its  many 


ever  been  attained  by  any  other  daily 
published  in  Maine.  At  the  start  the 
paper  was  four  pages,  five  columns  to 
the  page,  the  size  of  a  page  being 
12  1-2x19  inches.  The  price  was 
one  cent  per  copy.  The  office  was 
located  on  the  third  floor  of  55  Union 
street.  Although  small  in  size,  the 
paper  was  vigorous  and  pushing,  de- 


HOME  OF  THE  PORTLAND  EVENING  EXPRESS. 


thousand  readers.  The  Portland 
Evening  Express  wras  established  on 
Oct.  12,  1882,  by  A.  W.  Laughlin, 
its  present  business  manager  and 
treasurer.  From  small  beginnings, 
the  paper  has  advanced  to  its  present 
prominent  position  as  one  of  the 
leading  papers  in  the  state,  with  a 
larger   average  circulation  than    has 


voting  its  energies  to  local  interests, 
and  giving  the  local  news  in  a  com- 
plete but  condensed  form,  with  the 
result  that  the  paper  soon  had  a  good 
and  steadily  increasing  circulation, 
and  advertisers  began  to  use  its  col- 
umns freely.  The  first  years  were 
years  of  struggle  and  anxiety,  but  the 
paper  continued  to  grow  in  popularity, 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


221 


William  H,  Dow, 
Vice  Prest.  and  Cir.  Man'g'r. 


Wallace  C.  Osgood, 
Local  Adv.  Solicitor,  and  Coll. 


J-  A.  Cunningham, 
canvasser. 


Harriette  F.  Moody 
Book-keeper, 


Arthur  W.  Laughlin, 
Treas.  and  Gen.  Man'gr, 


Bertha  M.  Forbes, 
Stenographer. 


George  N.  Coyle, 
Mail  and  Delivery,  Machinist. 


Charles  B.  Johnson, 
Mail  and  Delivery,  Pressroom. 


BUSINESS    STAFF  OF  THE   EXPRESS. 


222 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


being  improved  and  enlarged  gradu- 
ally as  the  business  warranted.  For 
nearly  four  years,  or  until  Jan.  i, 
1886,  the  paper  continued  the  prop- 
erty of  its  founder.  In  January,  1886, 
a  half  interest  in  the  paper  was  sold  to 
A.  A.  Melvin,  who  assumed  the  po- 
sition of  editor,  Mr.  Eaughlin  devot- 
ing his  time  wholly  to  the  business 
management.  In  March,  1886,  the 
paper  was  enlarged  for  the  third  time 
since  its  start,  the  increase  in  size 
being  necessary  to  accommodate  the 
growing  demands  on  its  columns, 
In  May,  18S6,  Mr.  Eaughlin  pur- 
chased the  interest  of  Mr.  Melvin, 
and  in  June,  1886,  took  into  the  bus- 
iness as  partner,  Wm.  H.  Smith,  of 
Portland,  a  gentleman  of  wide  ac- 
quaintance, and  one  who  wielded  a 
vigorous  pen.  The  paper  at  this 
time  had  come  to  be  looked  upon  as 
a  most  wide-a-wake,  enterprising  pa- 
per, and  was  showing  a  steady  gain 
in  circulation  and  business.  Believ- 
ing that  with  more  capital  and  better 
facilities,  the  Express  could  be 
pushed  still  further  to  the  front,  in 
October,  1886,  the  Evening  Express 
Publishing  Co.  was  formed,  a  num- 
ber of  prominent  men  of  means  be- 
coming stockholders.  Wm.  H. 
Smith  was  elected  president,  and  A. 
W.  Iyaughlin,  treasurer  and  general 
manager,  a  position  he  has  held  to 
the  present  time.  The  publication 
office  was  removed  to  S8  Exchange 
street,  where  convenient  offices,  oc- 
cupying the  first  floor  and  basement, 
had  been  fitted  up.  A  Hoe  three 
revolution  press,  capable  of  printing 
2,500  papers  per  hour,  replaced  the 
Babcock  drum  cylinder  that  had 
done  service  up  to  this  time.  On 
Nov.  1,  1886,  the  size  of  the  paper 
was  increased  to  a  seven  column  folio, 
size  24x36  in.,  and  again  on  Nov.  19, 
1886,  owing  to  the  demands  upon  its 
advertising  columns,  the  paper  was 
enlarged  to  an  eight  column  folio. 
The  circulation  had  increased  so  rap- 
idly that  in  February,  1887,  a  Hoe 
double  cylinder  press,  capable  of 
printing  4,500  papers  per  hour,  was 


installed  in  place  of  the  single  cylin- 
der Hoe  press.  In  June,  1887,  Wm. 
H.  Smith  sold  his  stock  in  the  com- 
pany and  retired  from  the  editorship, 
Wm.  E.  Stevens  succeeding  Mr. 
Smith  in  that  position.  Hon.  Fred 
N.  Dow  was  elected  president  of  the 
company,  which  office  he  still  holds. 
Mr.  Stevens  held  the  position  of 
editor  for  about  one  year,  when  ill 
health  led  to  his  retirement.  He  was 
succeeded  by  F.  E.  C.  Robbins,  of 
Deering,  Me.,  who  held  the  position 
till  18S9,  when  he  retired,  being  suc- 
ceeded by  Dudley  M.  Holman,  who 
who  was  city  editor  under  Mr.  Rob- 
bins.  In  April  of  this  year  the 
Weekly  Express  was  first  issued,  be- 
ing the  same  size  of  the  daily,  and 
is  circulated  principally  in  the  farm- 
ing districts.  By  this  time  the  Ex- 
press, by  its  up-to-date  and  pro- 
gressive journalism,  had  passed  all 
competitors  in  point  of  circulation, 
reaching  a  point  where  it  could 
proudly  claim  "the  largest  circula- 
tion of  any  daily  paper  in  the  state," 
which  position  it  has  ever  since  main- 
tained. In  February,  1889,  it  re- 
moved its  offices  to  more  commodious 
quarters,  at  13  Monument  square, 
where  it  now  occupies  three  floors 
and  a  basement,  giving  it  the  most 
centrally  located  newspaper  office  in 
the  city.  Its  large  and  growing  cir- 
culation had  reached  a  point,  in  1890, 
where  more  press  facilities  were 
needed,  and  in  July,  a  Stonemetz  web 
perfecting  press,  with  a  capacity  of 
10,000  four  or  eight  page  papers, 
folded  ready  for  delivering,  was  in- 
stalled, the  first  stereotype  web  press 
used  in  Maine.  At  this  time  the 
paper  was  changed  to  an  eight  page 
paper,  seven  columns  to  the  page. 
When  the  Express  was  first  issued, 
it  sold  principally  on  the  streets  by 
newsboys,  at  one  cent  per  copy.  In 
1884,  the  street  price  was  increased 
to  two  cents  per  copy,  and  a  carrier 
system  was  then  inaugurated,  the 
paper  being  delivered  to  the  homes 
for  six  cents  per  week.  Since  that 
time   it    has    been    the     aim    of    the 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


223 


£5  u 


224 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Harold  S.  Locke,  Tel.  Operator,^ 


EDITORIAL    STAFF,    EVENING    EXPRESS. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


225 


management  to  make  the  circulation 
of  the  Express  a  strictly  home  cir- 
culation, and  its  efforts  have  been  so 
successful  that  at  the  present  time, 
ninety  per  cent,  of  its  large  circula- 
tion is  delivered  at  the  homes  of  sub- 
scribers by  its  regular  office  carriers, 
or  sent  by  mail.  In  1S92,  its  Stone- 
metz  press  was  replaced  by  a  Goss 
"clipper"  stereotype  web  perfecting 
press,  a  faster  and  better  press.  In 
this  year,  Dudley  M.  Holman  retired 
from  the  editorship,  and  was  succeed- 
ed by  George  W.  Norton,  who  was  at 
the  time  a  member  of  the  editorial 
force.  Mr.  Norton  is  still  editor  of 
the  paper.  On  Jan.  1,  1893,  the  price 
of  the  Express  was  increased  to  S5 
per  year,  and  ten  cents  per  week. 
Notwithstanding  this  large  increase 
in  price,  the  Express,  through  its 
excellent  quality  as  a  newspaper,  was 
able  to  maintain  its  circulation  at 
nearly  the  figures  attained  at  the 
lower  price.  In  July,  1895,  there 
were  installed  into  the  Express  com- 
posing room,  three  of  the  wonderful 
Mergenthaler  linotype  machines,  one 
of  the  most  wonderful  inventions  of 
the  age,  by  which  all  the  matter  ap- 
pearing in  the  Express  is  set  up 
by  machinery.  The  Express  is  a 
member  of  the  Associated  Press,  hav- 
ing a  special  telegraph  wire  running 
directly  into  its  editorial  rooms,  giv- 
ing it  unsurpassed  facilities  for  giv- 
ing the  news.  To-day  the  Express 
has  one  of  the  best  equipped  offices 
in  the  city,  containing  all  the  modern 
appliances  necessary  to  get  out  a  first- 
class  newspaper.  It  is  the  object  of 
a  newspaper  to  get  the  latest  news  up 
to  the  time  of  going  to  press,  on  the 
street  and  in  the  hands  of  readers  at 
the  earliest  possible  moment,  and  in 
order  to  do  so,  it  is  necessary  to  have 
a  well  organized  system  of  deliver}-. 
There  are  the  local  subscribers  who 
are  served  by  carriers,  the  news- 
dealers, the  newsboys,  the  suburban 
patrons  and  the  mailing  list,  all 
anxious  to  get  their  papers  quickly  ; 
and  upon  the  circulation  department 
falls  the  duty  of  distributing  the  pa- 


pers. The  Express  requires  a  large 
force  of  carriers,  each  of  whom  has 
his  own  particular  route  or  territory 
to  cover,  under  control  of  the  office. 
The  city  itself  is  divided  into  29  dis- 
tricts, each  with  its  carrier,  while  in 
the  surrounding  towns  there  are  eight 
more  districts,  some  handled  by  an 
agent  employing  several  carriers. 
Most  of  the  carriers  on  city  routes 
call  at  the  office  for  their  papers, 
while  those  at  a  distance  and  in  ad- 
joining territory  have  their  papers 
sent  to  them  on  the  various  electric 
and  steam  railroads,  or  by  special 
delivery  wagon.  The  bundles  of 
papers  going  the  greatest  distances 
are  sent  out  first  and  the  last  papers 
to  go  out  are  those  for  the  route  near- 
est the  office,  the  object  being  to 
place  the  papers  in  the  hands  of  all 
the  subscribers  at  nearly  the  same 
time.  There  are  also  newsdealers  in 
the  city  and  out  of  town  to  be  sup- 
plied. The  Express  delivery  wagon 
takes  papers  to  most  of  those  in  the 
city,  the  others  being  reached  by 
special  carriers,  while  the  electric 
cars,  railroad  trains  and  island  steam- 
ers, take  the  papers  to  out-of-town 
dealers.  The  deliver}-  wagon  also 
supplies  newsboys  at  distant  points 
on  its  trips  ;  but  the  majority  of  the 
boys  get  their  papers  at  the  office. 
The  mail  circulation  of  the  Express 
receives  the  same  careful  attention 
that  is  given  to  the  carrier  circula- 
tion ;  and  every  effort  is  made  to  get 
the  latest  papers  to  subscribers. 
Minutes  and  even  seconds  are  valua- 
ble, so  in  order  to  save  the  time  that 
would  be  required  at  the  post-office 
to  sort  the  papers  and  put  them  in 
the  proper  mails,  this  work  is  all 
done  in  the  mailing  rooms  of  the 
Express.  The  mailing  list  of  the 
Express  is  divided  into  sections  cor- 
responding to  the  various  mail  routes 
going  from  the  Portland  post-office, 
and  each  set  of  wrappers  is  laid  out 
separately  on  the  mailing  table,  under 
which  are  hung  the  sacks  marked 
with  slips  furnished  by  the  post-office. 
One  set  after  another  is  quickly  pasted 


226 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


227 


MECHANICAL   FORCE,    PORTLAND   EVENING    EXPRESS. 


228 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


and  the  papers  wrapped  and  put  into 
the  proper  sacks,  so  that  when  the 
last  paper  has  been  addressed  and 
wrapped,  the  whole  mail  has  been 
sorted. 


C.  Bancroft  Gillespie. 


The  author  of  this  book,  since 
October  last  of  the  editorial  staff  of 
the  Evening  Express,  was  born  in 
Cambridge, 
Mass.,  Sept. 
8,  1865.  He 
is  of  Scotch 
(  P  r  e  s  byte- 
rian )  ances- 
try and  de- 
s  c  e  n  d  e  d 
on  the  ma- 
ternal side 
from  the 
merchant 
prince,  Ab- 
bott Law- 
rence, and 
the  histori- 
an Bancroft. 
His  educa- 
tion in  the 
public 
schools  o  f 
Cambridge, 
Somerville, 
and  N  e  w 
Haven,  Ct., 
w  as  f  o  1- 
lowed  b  y 
practical 
experie  nee 
in  business 
life,  in  the 
who  1  e  s  a  1  e 
dry  goods, 
and  retail  boot  and 
Boston.       He   beean 


C.    BANCROFT   GILLESPIE. 


shoe  trade  in 
his  newspaper 
career  on  the  Charlestown  Enterprise, 
where  his  fitness  for  the  work  was 
soon  demonstrated.  Some  two  years 
later,  in  18S5,  he  was,  for  a  time, 
manager  of  the  East  Boston  Sun, 
which  duties  he  discarded  to  become 
business  manager  of  three  Sunday 
papers,  published  in  Holyoke,  Mass. 


Soon  after,  with  Charles  F.  Corbett, 
he  started  the  Holyoke  Morning 
News,  the  only  morning  paper  which 
up  to  that  time  had  lived  in  that  hot- 
ly contested  field.  Desiring  to  gain 
a  thorough  knowledge  and  acquaint- 
ance with  New  England  cities,  he 
disposed  of  his  interest  there  and  has 
since  devoted  his  energies  to  the  com- 
pilation of  historical,  descriptive  and 
illustrated    publications,     similar    in 

character  to 
this  volume 
Among  the 
books  got- 
ten up  by 
him  for  pop- 
ular news- 
papers and 
issued  as 
souvenir 
editions, 
may  be  men- 
tioned the 
following: 
"Norwich, 
the  Rose  of 
New  Eng- 
land," Nor- 
wich Even- 
ing Record; 
"The  Day's 
Souvenir , ' ' 
New  Eon- 
don  (Conn. ) 
Day;  "Wat 
erbury  1 1- 
lustrated  ,  '  ' 
Water  bury 
Democrat; 
' ' M  eriden 
Illustrated" 
and  "Wal- 
lingford  II- 
Daily  Journal; 
and 


lustrated,"  Meriden 
"Derby  (Conn.)  Illustrated. 
"Ansonia  Illustrated,"  Derby  Even- 
ing Transcript;  "Noddle  Island  Il- 
lustrated"; "Illustrated  History  of 
Salem  and  Environs,"  Salem  Even- 
ing News;  "Chelsea  (Mass.)  Illus- 
trated," Chelsea  Gazette,  and  thirty 
others.  His  work  in  the  past  twelve 
years,   has  won    high  commendation 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


229 


from  the  large  dailies  of  the  country; 
and  probably  none  are  more  gifted 
with  greater  versatility  as  a  writer  and 
illustrator,  in  this  line,  than  he.  His 
engagement  by  the  Evening  Express 
was  consummated  on  the  strongest  rec- 
ommendations of  newspaper  publish- 
ers, among  whom  he  has  a  wide 
acquaintance;  and  his  work  in  mak- 
ing this  souvenir  edition  a  typograph- 
ical and  financial  success  adds  to  his 
laurels.  He  is  married  and  has  one 
daughter;  and  since  removing  to  Port- 
land has  resided  on  North  street. 


Seavey  &  Company. 


In  saying  a  word  about  book-bind- 
ing, the  above  named  firm  calls  for 
attention;  for  the  binding  of  the  en- 
tire edition  of  this  book  was  neatly 
and  substantially  executed  by  them. 
The  bindery  of  Seavey  &  Co.  is 
one  of  the  important  institutions  of 
Portland,  and  this  establishment  is 
located  at  105  1-2  Exchange  street, 
its  windows  opening  on  Exchange, 
Federal  and  Market  streets.  Its  lo- 
cation, surrounded  on  all  sides  by 
printing  offices,  is  especially  conven- 
ient to  the  trade,  and  large  jobs  are 
executed  there  in  the  shortest  possi- 
ble time.  Unless  this  firm,  which  is 
composed  of  F.  K.  Clark  and  W.  A. 
Bowie,  the  former  being  the  active 
partner,  were  possessed  of  modern 
facilities,  were  reliable  and  quoted 
prices  for  book  and  pamphlet  binding 
as  low  as  the  largest  Boston  bind- 
eries, they  would  not  control  a  busi- 
ness such  as  they  now  command. 
They  occupy  three  large  rooms,  em- 
ploy on  the  average,  about  twenty 
hands,  and  make  a  specialty  of  edi- 
tion work.  Regarding  their  capa- 
city for  handling  work,  it  may  be 
said  that  a  whole  edition  of  3,000  of 
a  pamphlet  has  been  turned  out  there 
in  a  day.  Beside  other  machinery, 
three  wire  stitchers  and  a  large  per- 
forating machine  are  contained  in  the 
modern  equipment.  From  the  loca- 
tion, the  bindery  is  called  upon  to  do 
more  pamphlet  than    other   binding; 


but  books  in  cloth  and  leather,  from 
the  cheapest  to  the  most  expensive 
binding,  are  bound  here.  The  active 
manager,  Mr.  Clark,  although  a 
young  man,  is  possessed  of  a  wide 
experience,  and  his  watchful  eye  is 
ever  directed  toward  work  in  progress 
in  his  bindery.  Painstaking  care, 
neatness  of  execution  and  promptness, 
are  the  qualities  winning  the  confi- 
dence of  publishers  who  place  work 
with  the  firm.  The  business  of  Sea- 
vey &  Co.  was  established  in  1892, 
and  has  been  conducted  by  the  pres- 
ent progressive  management  since 
June,  1898.  The  original  bindery 
consisted  of  but  one  room. 


Burnham  Ice  Company. 

This  ice  company  has  headquarters, 
office  and  storage  house  on  Deakes 
Wharf,  Commercial  street.  The  bus- 
iness was  started  by  the  late  Royal 
Burnham.  He  was  one  of  the  best 
known  local  characters  of  Portland, 
and  was  once  foreman  for  D.  W. 
Clark.  He  engaged  in  business  for 
himself  33  years  ago.  At  the  start, 
he  cut  and  housed  his  own  ice  alone, 
and  with  a  wheelbarrow  sold  and  de- 
livered it.  The  business  afterwards 
grew  to  large  proportions,  and  upon 
his  decease,  was  taken  in  hand  by  the 
present  owner,  Frank  C.  Abbott,  who 
has  since  increased  it.  The  old-time 
methods  of  harvesting  ice  have  been 
discarded  for  modern  ways.  Over 
one  hundred  men  and  a  large  number 
of  horses  are  required  on  the  pond, 
when  the  10,000  tons  of  ice  are  har- 
vested. The  pond  is  near  Eake  Se- 
bago,  and  the  water  which  feeds  it, 
is  filtered  through  sand;  therefore, 
the  ice  sold  by  the  Burnham  Ice  Co. 
is  of  the  purest  quality.  The  present 
owner  of  the  company  is  a  Portland 
boy,  who  returned  to  this  city  in  1897, 
after  having  been  engaged  in  business 
in  the  West  for  some  twenty  years. 
He  is  well  known  in  this  city,  and  his 
enterprise  in-  remodelling  the  plant  in 
which  he  has  become  interested,  has 
shown  good  business  judgment. 


230 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Joseph  Vonyik. 


C.  E.  Libby. 


One  of  the  cleverest  caterers  in 
Portland  is  Joseph  Vonyik,  conduct- 
ing a  high  class  restaurant  and  fancy 
bakery  at  268  Middle  street.  Mr. 
Vonyik  bought  out  the  business  and 
good-will  of  John  Messing,  and,  since 
taking  charge  of  the  establishment, 
has  added  matry  new  and  attractive 
features  to  the  place.  Beside  having 
toothsome  confections,  bakings  and 
delicacies  on  sale  in  the  front,  the  res- 
taurant is  much  frequented  by  those 
in  search  of  supplies  for  the  inner  man. 
In  the  summer  season,  ices  and  sher- 


With  office  at  97  Cross  street,  and 
stables  in  Boynton  court,  the  above 
is  one  of  the  best  known  and  most  re- 
liable in  his  line.  He  conducts  a 
large  furniture,  piano  and  safe  mov- 
ing business,  and  does  general  truck- 
ing and  operates  a  popular  parcel 
delivery.  His  business,  which  he  es- 
tablished a  dozen  years  ago,  requires 
the  use  of  15  horses,  and  he  employs 
twelve  men.  In  his  parcel  delivery, 
Mr.  Libby  has  an  institution  of  bene- 
fit to  the  community,  as  through  it 
parcels  are  delivered  to  all  parts  of  the 


JOSEPH   VONYIK. 


bets  are  served  here  in  large  quanti- 
ties daily.  On  the  second  floor  there 
are  neatly  furnished  private  dining- 
rooms.  Everything  served  is  baked 
or  made  on  the  premises,  under  the 
proprietor's  supervision,  whether  it 
be  for  the  patrons  of  the  restaurant  or 
the  most  fashionable  wedding  break- 
fast. Mr.  Vonyik  has  been  engaged 
in  a  catering  business  from  boyhood, 
and  in  foreign  countries  gained  the 
valuable  experience  he  puts  to  such 
good  use  here.  He  has  catered  for 
the  Emperor  of  Austria,  at  the  Court 
of  Vienna,  and  has  also  been  chef  in 
hisrh  class  restaurants  in  Paris. 


c.    E     LIBBY. 

city  for  ten  cents  each.  As  a  furni- 
ture and  piano  mover,  he  has  won  the 
confidence  of  the  citizens  of  this  eit\- 
and  adjacent  territory,  by  employing 
careful  assistants;  while  for  moving 
safes,  he  has  all  the  tackle  and  facil- 
ities for  hoisting  and  moving  these 
heavy  articles  most  anywhere.  He 
is  a  native  of  Portland  and  has  re- 
sided here  all  his  life.  He  was  for- 
merly in  the  wholesale  and  retail  fruit 
business,  a  member  of  the  once  pros- 
perous firm  of  Claflin  &  Libby,  which 
concern  did  business  for  six  years. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  I.  O.  O.  F., 
and  although  unusual  misfortune  in 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


231 


the  shape  of  fire  has  recently  befallen 
him,  he  is  never  entirely  dis- 
heartened. 


Willey  &  Calhoun. 


This  leading  plumbing  and  heating 
concern,  one  of  the  best  known  in  the 
state,  was  established  by  G.  A.  Wil- 
ley and  D.  A.  Calhoun,  in  1888, 
since  which  time  the  business  has 
steadily  grown  to  its  present  propor- 
tions, but  since  1898  owned  and  car- 
ried on  by  D.  A.  Calhoun.  The 
quarters  comprise  one  of  the  finest 
stock  salesrooms  for  plumbing  mate- 


the  Mills  boiler,  used  for  heavier  work 
and  for  furnishing  power,  is  well 
known.  The  Portland  sectional  and 
Gold  boiler  is  put  forward  for  heating 
by  steam.  This  concern  has  put  in 
over  500  heaters,  and  their  reputa- 
tion for  reliability  is  unquestioned. 
Among  the  buildings  heated  by  them, 
the  following  are  notable:  Baxter 
Memorial  building,  new  Portland 
High  School,  North  School,  West 
St.  School,  Park  St.  School,  St.  Dom- 
inies School;  St.  Mary's  School,  Bid- 
deford;  Brown  St.  School,  West- 
brook*  Fryeburg  Academy;  Masonic 
Temple,    Camden;   The    Kent's  Hill 


'•117  -  v 

--:.,.        <:r,  -Jj 


+£* 


INTERIOR   STORE,   WILLEY   &  CALHOUN. 


rial  and  the  various  kinds  of  heaters 
handled,  and  the  workshop.  The 
firm  at  first  devoted  their  energies  to 
house  and  building  heating,  in  which 
the}7  soon  gained  a  foothold,  and 
many  large  contracts  have  been  filled 
by  them.  Upon  moving  into  their 
present  attractive  establishment,  they 
added  plumbing  to  their  operations. 
They  employ  on  the  average  about 
twenty  men.  In  the  Falmouth  heat- 
ers, for  small  buildings  and  residences, 
Mr.  Calhoun,  the  present  remaining 
partner,  has  one  of  the  finest  heaters 
for  hot  water  service  m  existence,  and 


Seminary;  The  Agricultural  Build- 
ing, Amherst,  Mass;  The  Walker 
Library,  Westbrook;  The  Gorham 
Normal  School  dormitory;  Jefferson 
Theater,  Portland  armory  and  audi- 
torium; Biddeford  city  building,  and 
Mt.  Pleasant  House,  Fabyans,  N.  H. 
Among  the  plumbing  contracts  the 
firm  have  reason  to  be  proud  of,  are: 
the  new  Emerson  School,  Portland; 
Hotel  Alberta,  Old  Orchard,  and  Gor- 
ham Normal  School.  Mr.  Calhoun 
is  one  of  Portland's  well  known  busi- 
ness men,  having  been  associated  with 
the  business  for  the  last  27  years. 


23- 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


The  Shay  lor  Engraving  Co. 


An  important  addition  to  the  in- 
dustries of  Maine  is  the  Shaylor  En- 
graving Co.  This  company,  under 
the  management  of  H.  W.  Shaylor, 
Jr.,  was  established  June  i,  1899,  at 
122  1-2  Exchange  street,  and  is  en- 
tirely independent  of  any  printing 
house,  a  fact  which  assures  for  it  the 
consideration  of  the  printers  and  pub- 
lishers of  the  city  and  state.  The 
plant  is  intended  to  produce  in  per- 


lic  schools  of  this  city,  has  had  twelve 
years'  experience  in  the  business, 
in  New  York,  Boston  and  Albany. 
In  fitting  his  plant,  no  expense  was 
spared  to  insure  the  best  possible  re- 
sults. Among  the  adjuncts  of  this 
establishment,  is  a  swinging  camera, 
fitted  to  copy  anything  from  a  photo- 
graph to  a  lantern  slide,  oil  paintings, 
wash  and  line  drawings,  maps,  etc. 
For  half-tone  work,  he  has  screens 
from  the  finest,  suitable  for  the  high 
grade    of   fine   coated   paper,  to  the 


SPECIMEN    ENGRAVING,    SHAYLOR   ENGRAVING   CO. 


fection  the  highest  character  of  work 
known  to  the  trade,  and  is  fitted  with 
new  machines  of  modern  pattern.  It 
contains  all  the  latest  acquisitions  for 
producing  the  best  grade,  and  the 
most  satisfactory  results  in  the  half- 
tone, relief  and  wax  processes,  and 
also  in  three-color  work.  The  es- 
tablishment has  been  fitted  up  espec- 
ially for  the  work  contemplated.  Mr. 
Shaylor,  son  of  H.  W.  Shaylor, 
for  many  years  teacher  of  draw- 
ing   and    penmanship    in    the    pub- 


coarsest,  for  making  plates  suitable 
for  beating  into  a  matrix  for  use  on 
the  fastest  newspaper  press.  Posses- 
ing  valuable  experience  upon  a  foun- 
dation of  undoubted  talent,  an  unlim- 
ited ambition  to  excel,  with  a  fully 
equipped  modern  plant,  the  results 
of  Mr.  Shaylor' s  labors  have  already 
won  recognition.  He  has  one  of  the 
most  talented  artists  in  New  Eng- 
land, whose  business  is  to  make 
designs  and  drawings  of  every  de- 
scription. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


C.  E.  Hammond. 


C.  E.  Hammond,  whose  studio  at 
27  Monument  square  was  opened  to 
the  public  in  November,  1898,  was 
born  in  Greene,  Me.,  and  since  leav- 
ing school,  at  the  age  of  16  years, 
has  been  continuously  engaged  in  the 
photographic  business.  He  began  to 
learn  the  business  at  Winthrop  in 
1 88 1,  and  at 
the  age  of  19 
years,  he  be- 
came proprie- 
tor  of  the 
studio.  Mr. 
Hammond 
has  been  in 
Portland  for 
the  past  five 
years,  and  is 
well  known 
to  the  public 
as  a  skilful 
and  artistic 
photogra- 
pher. His 
studio,  on  the 
top  floor  of  a 
four  story 
building,  ex- 
tends the  en- 
tire depth  of 
the  building. 
The  operat- 
ing room  is 
one  of  the 
largest  in  the 
state,  and  ad- 
mits of  posing 
a  group  of 
100  persons.- 
and       this 

group  can  be  here  taken  on  an  Sxio 
plate.  Besides  making  sittings  for 
portraiture,  Mr.  Hammond  makes 
many  pictures  of  manufacturers' 
samples,  including  furniture.  The 
printing  room  is  in  the  rear  of  the 
building,  where  the  sun  is  available 
during  the  greater  part  of  the  day. 
In  addition  to  making  all  kinds  of 
photographs  of  animate  and  inani- 
mate objects,  he  responds  to  all  calls 


for  outside  work;  does  developing, 
printing  and  mounting  for  amateurs, 
and  makes  copies,  enlargements  and 
crayons.  He  does  all  his  own  framing. 
He  makes  pictures  from  sittings  at  his 
studio,  from  the  smallest  photograph 
to  one  25x30  inches  in  size,  or  larger, 
if  desired.  He  possesses  a  telephone, 
of  great  convenience  to  patrons.  He 
is  energetic,   ambitious   and  prompt. 

Mr.  H  a  m- 
mond  belongs 
to  the  Inde- 
pendent Or- 
der of  Odd 
Fellows. 


Portland  En- 
amel   Works. 


C.    E.    HAMMOND. 


A  place 
where  bicy- 
cles are  enam- 
eled, is  that 
conducted  by 
H.  G.  Besse, 
unde  r  the 
above  name, 
at  91  Preble 
street.  The 
establish  - 
ment,  now  in 
a  new  loca- 
tion, is  fully 
equipped  for 
the  prosecu- 
tion of  the 
work,  includ- 
ing a  large 
oven  for  bak- 
ing the  enam- 
el.  Four 
coats,  all 
given  to  every 
Repairing  of 


baked  separately,  are 
wheel  brought  there, 
bicycles  in  every  form  is  done  there. 
Mr.  Besse,  formerly  conducted  busi- 
ness under  the  firm  name  of  Dyer  & 
Besse,  at  41  Portland  street,  and  is 
known  as  one  of  the  youngest  business 
men  of  Greater  Portland.  He  under- 
stands the  make-up  of  the  various 
wheels  on  the  market,  and  is  a  thor- 
oughly practical  and  reliable  man. 


234 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


Suffolk  Engraving  Co. 

In  presenting,  in  the  accompanying 
engraving,  a  faithful  reproduction  of 
the  famous  painting,  Petite  Mendi- 
ante,  by  F.Perrault,  attention  is  drawn 
to  the  Suffolk  Engraving  Company, 
of  Boston.  This  specimen  of  high 
grade  work  is  but  one  of  300  or  more 
made  b  y 
them  for 
this  publi- 
cation. 
The  origi- 
nal paint- 
ing was  ex- 
hibited at 
the  Paris 
S  a  Ion, 
where  it 
was  r  e- 
ceived  by 
the  art  crit- 
i  c  s  with 
great  e  n- 
thu  s  i  a  s  m 
and  admi- 
r  a  t  i  on. 
That  t  h  e 
Stiff  oik 
Engraving 
Company 
have  repro- 
duced this 
attract  i  ve 
beggar, 
with  all  the 
d  e  1  i  c  a  cy 
of  feeling 
brought 
out  by  the 
artist,  is 
seen  at  a 
glance.  It 
is  not  giv- 
ing     too 

much  credit,  where  it  is  due,  for  the 
writer  to  state  that  this  reproduction 
is  but  a  specimen  of  their  every-day 
work.  For  the  best  possible  results 
in  work  for  high  class  publications, 
the  Suffolk  Engraving  Company,  with 
their  unexcelled  facilities  for  both 
night  and  day  work,  and  large  staff  of 


PETITE   MENDIANTE.     (F.  Perrault.) 


artistsjfor  original  designs  and  draw- 
ings, easily  lead  the  van  in  New  Eng- 
land, if  not  far  outside  of  it.  The  fame 
and  name  of  the  company  have  steadi- 
ly and  rapidly  increased  the  business, 
so  that  the  plant  has  been  several 
times  enlarged  in  the  past  few  }rears. 
The  latest  acquisition  is  that  of  an 
electrotype  foundry.     It  is  a  fact  well 

known  to 
the  print- 
ing trade 
that  a  poor- 
ly execut- 
ed engrav- 
ing is  never 
palmed  off 
by  them  for 
a  p  e  rf  ect 
reproduc- 
tion. The 
same  care 
is  exer- 
cised in  the 
making  of 
proofs  and 
sh  ipp  ing 
cuts,  as  is 
taken  i  n 
the  photo- 
graphing 
and  etch- 
ing; and 
when  cuts 
reach  the 
printer  or 
publishe  r , 
for  the  in- 
spection of 
his  cus- 
tomer, the 
best  possi- 
bilities of 
the  engrav- 
ings    are 


s  h  o  w  n. 
Great  care  is  exercised  in  blocking, 
so  that  cuts  from  this  house  are  in- 
variably type  high.  The  plant  of  the 
company  is  at  275  Washington  street, 
Boston.  Among  those  associated 
with  the  business,  are  Messrs.  S.  E. 
Blanchard,  Walter  G.  Dennison  and 
F.   D.  Wing. 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


235 


INDEX  TO  CONTENTS. 


Allen,  Win,,  Jr., 

Anderson,  John, 

Androscoggin,  Scenes  on 

Armory, 

As  a  Market, 

As  a  Breathing  Place, 

Athletic  Club, 

Bailev,  James  Co., 
Bates',  S.  L., 
Baxter,  James  P., 
Baxter  Memorial  Building, 
Becomes  State  Capital, 
Belknap  Motor  Co.. 
Berry,  A.  H.  Shoe  Co., 
Board  of  Trade, 

Officers, 
Bonnev,  Percival 
Boothby,  F.  E., 
Brown,  George  W., 
Brown,  Walter  H., 
Burgess,  Fobes  &  Co., 
Burke,  Tobias  A., 
Burnham  Ice  Co., 
Butler,  Moses  M., 


Cahoon,  James  B.,     . 

Carman,  W.  W., 

Carter  Bros.  Co., 

Casco  Bay  Steamboat  Co., 

Chapman,  Cullen  C, 

Chase,  Daniel, 

Chenerv,  Daniel, 

Chishofm,  Hugh  J., 

Churches,  A  Group, 

Churchill,  James  C.     . 

City  Government, 

City  Hall, 

City  Hall,  Old, 

Clark,  D.  W., 

Clark,  The  D.  W.,  Ice  Co  , 

Cleaves,  Henrv  B., 

Cobb,  Elbridge  L.,     . 

Cook,  Chas.  Sumner 

Connecticut  Volunteers, 

Connolly,  Joseph  E-  F., 

Consolidated  Electric  Light  Co., 

Corev,  Walter  Co., 

Crocker,  C.  H., 

Cumberland  Illuminating  Company 

Curtis  &  Son  Company,      . 

Cushings  Island,  Surf  at 

Custom  House, 

Cutter,  Levi, 

Deering,  John  W.,     . 
Deering  Oaks,  Drive  in 
Deering  Oaks,  Pond, 
Deering  Street,     . 
Delano  Planing  Mills, 
Despeaux,  Oren  T., 
Dow,  Frederick  N., 
Dow,  Geo.  A., 
Dow,  Jonathan 
Dow,  The  Late  Gen.  Xeal, 
Dow,  William  H.,      . 
Donham,  G.  M., 
Dow  &  Pinkham, 
Drainage, 

Driscoll,  Florence  F., 
Drummond,  Josiah  H., 
Dyer,  Herbert  S.,      . 

Early  History, 
Edwards,  George  Thornton, 
Emerson,  Andrew  L.,     . 
Evans,  George  F., 


PAGE 

134 
2,  IS 

96 

8 
21 
24 

9 

205 
152 
112 
"4 


190 
48-52 


229 

2.   15 


LS6-7 
83-5 
145 


log 

71 

2.   15 

71-3 

4 

20 

200 

199 

99 

123 

63 

166 
212 

179 
182 
21S 


'7s 
137 
119 


2.    IS 

IIS 


155 

214 


4-10 
t86 

2,  15 
105 


Falmouth  Hotel,  The  New 
Farnham,  Charles  S., 
Fernald,  E.  E.,     . 
Fernald,  Geo.  W., 
Fessenden,  Francis 
Fickett,  Walter, 
Financial  Resources,     . 
First  Settlement, 
First  Settlers, 
Fobes,  Charles  S.,     . 
Fobes.  Leander  W., 
Fort  Allen  Park, 
Fort  Preble, 
Fossett,  E.  S., 
Foster,  Enoch 
Frank,  M.  P., 
Frith.  Willard  F  . 
Frothingham,  T.  J., 
Frye,  J.  J., 

Gait  Block,      . 
Gait  Block  Warehouse  Co 
Gatley.  Richard  K., 
Gem  Theater, 
Gerrish,  Elmer  G., 
Gillespie,  C.  Brancroft, 
Globe  Steam  Lauudrv. 
Goding.  C.  W.  T., 
Goold.J.  E.,     . 
Goold,  J.  E.  &  Co.. 
Goudy  &  Kent, 
Goudy,  L.  A., 
Greeley,  Eliphalet, 
Griffin,  Lindsay  B., 

Hale,  Clarence 
Hall,  Albert  B.,    . 
Hammond,  C.  E., 
Hanson,  C.  A.. 
Hanson,  M.  D., 
Harford,  F.  H.,     . 
Harpswell  Line, 
Hersev,  Oscar  H., 
Highfield, 
Hill,  John  Howard, 
Hinds,  A.  S., 
Holt.  E.  E., 
Hopkins,  Geo.  C, 
Howard,  Joseph, 
Huston,  Lewis  P., 

Ingraham,  Darius  H., 
International  S.  S.  Co., 

Jefferson  Theater, 
Jewett.  Jedediah. 
Johnson,  Fred  H.. 
Johnson,  William  R., 
Josselyn,  Everett  R., 

Keating,  J.  B., 
Kehoe,  J.  B., 
King,  Marquis  F.,     - 
Kingsbury,  Benj.  Jr., 

Lamson,  Rufus, 
Larrabee,  Seth  L., 
Laughlin,  Arthur  W., 
Laughlin,  Thomas  S., 
Laughlin,  The  Thomas 
Libbv.  C.  E., 
Libby,  Charles  F.,     . 
Libbv,  George.     . 
Libby,  George  F., 
Lincoln  Park, 
Longfellow  Gallery, 


iS,  r 


PAGE 
162-3 

I96 
7S-6 
2.15 

,9,  160-1 


.so,  173 

173 

13 

10 

155 

131 

153 

77-8 

207 


176 
176 
179 
S3-4 
73 
22S 
207 

S5 
206 
206 
191 
150 
2,  15 


143 
154 


144 

S7 

133 

31 

125 

170-1 

135 

147 

2,  15 


2.  15 
86 

S1-2 

2.  IS 
72 
73 
73 

69 

151 

2,  15 

2.  15 

72 
101-2 
140 
iSS 
188-9 
230 
139 
147 
74 
iS 
78 


236 


PORTLAND  PAST  AND  PRESENT 


INDEX  TO  CONTENTS— CONTINUED 


Longfellow.  The  Late  Poet, 
Longfellow  Statue. 
Loring,  Short  .V  Harmon, 
r.ovt-li,  Benj.  S.. 
Lovell,  John  P.,  Arms  Co., 

Mackworth  Island. 
Maine  Central  R.  R.. 
Maine  General  Hospital.    . 
Macy,  James  F„  ;  •   . 

Maine  ^  New  Hampshire  Gran; 
Maine  School  for  the  Deaf. 
Maitland,  Steam  Yacht, 
Mannix,  Cornelius  A.,     . 
Manufactures, 
McCausland,  H.  W.„ 
McCobb,  James  T.,    . 
McCullum,  Bartley, 
McCullum's  Theater. 
McLaughlin.  Joseph,     . 
McLellan,  Jacob, 
Melcher,  Holnian  S..      - 
Merchants  National  Bank.    . 
Merrill,  John  F.  A., 
Millliken,  Cousins  &  Short. 
Milliken,  Edwin  C, 
Milliken.  Weston  F., 
Monument  Square. 
Moody,  Elinor  S., 
Moodv,  Frank  1!.. 
Morrill,  Carroll  \V.. 
Moulton  Aus.  F., 
Moulton,  A.  H., 
Murphy,  Edward  W..     . 

Naval  Reserves,  Moutauk, 

Norton  &  Hall,      . 

Norton,  Chapman  &  Co.. 

Norton.  George  W., 

Norton.  Ralph  S., 

Noted  Residents  of  the  Past,  . 

Nunns,  F.  H.,    . 


Osgood.  Henry  S., 
Owen,  Moore  &  Co.,  . 

Park  Street, 
Parris,  Albion  K.,      . 
Peabody,  Henry  C, 
Phillips,  Herbert  O., 
Phinuey,  W,  1'..     . 
Pierce,  Arthur  W.,    . 
Pierce,  John  H.,  . 
Population. 
Portland  Company, 
"  Creamery, 

Enamel  Works, 

Evening  Express, 

Fire.  The  Great 

Head  Light, 

Head  Light.  Surf  at 

Mayors  of 

Mt. Desert  &  Machias  S.  Bt. 

Observatory, 
Portland  &  Rochester  R.  R.,  . 
Portland  &  Rumford  Falls  Railway 
'•  Marine  Railway, 

Stone  Ware  Co., 

Stove  Foundry  Co., 

Star  Match  Co. 

Streets, 

Trust  Company. 
"  Water  Company, 

Portland  &  Yarmouth  Electric  Co 
Post  Office, 
Powers,  Llewellyn   . 
Proctor,  John  F., 


PAGE 
31 

17 
I9S 

r8o 

181 

29 

92 

7 

[86,  8 

46 


.     1S-19 

204 

.     2,  is 

-.  1  -., 
.80 

.     2,  15 

2,  15 

161 

•  194-5 
73 
142 
61 
.  [58-9 
[86-188 
75 
in 
201 


68 

t54 

213-14-15 

224 

•      i54 

15 

.      162 

126 
.  r57-8 

23 

.    2.  15 

104 

73.  213 

73 

73 

14 

167 

203 


Public  Buildings  and  Institutions. 
Library,  . 
"        Schools, 
Putnam,  W.  L.,    . 

Randall,  C.  H., 
Rankin,  Frank  L., 
Redlon,  C.  E., 
Reed.  Thomas  B., 
Revnolds,  Edw.  C, 
Rich.  M.  N.. 
Richards,  Fred  E..     . 
Richardson,  Roswell  M.. 
Riverton  Park, 

Casino. 

Reception  Room 
Robie.  Frederick 
Robinson,  I;rank  Woodbury 
Royal  Scots,  Visit  of, 
Rumery,  Jerome  &  Co., 


Sanborn,  Leroy  S., 
Seavey  &  Co., 
SebagoLake, 
Senter,  William 
Shavlor  Pmgraving  Co., 
Shaylor,  H.  W., 
Shaw,  George  C, 
Shipping  Industry. 
Sloniau,  Charles  A., 
Smith,  Abiel    . 
Smith  &  Rumery, 
Smith,  Winfield  L.,    . 
Sprague.  Wilson 
Standard  Clothing  Co., 
State  Street, 
Stevens.  Augustus    . 
Stevens.  J.   Putnam 
Strout.  S.  C. 

Suffolk  Engraving  Co.,  of 
Sylvester,  Geo.  W., 
Symonds.  J.  W., 

Thaxter.  S.  W.,  &  Co., 
Thomas,  Elias,  Jr., 
Thomas,  George  A., 
Thomas,  W.  W., 
Thomas.  W.  W.,  Jr., 
Thompson,  James  M., 
Thurston  Print,  The. 
Tower.  Fred.  L., 
True,  F'rnest 
True,  Geo.  W.,     . 
True,  Norman 
Tucker,  Payson 
Tukev's  Bridge, 


PAGE 

iq 

34  46 
2,  15 


Union  Passenger  Station, 


Dining  Room, 


21 

Vaill,  Frederick  S., 

2.     15 

Virgil  Clavier  School, 

85 

Vonyik,  Joseph 

19 

Vose,  Edwin  C, 

94-5 

97 

Walker,  George 

90 

Wentworth,  A.  M., 

175 

Wescott,  George  P., 

17 1 

Willey    &  Calhoun. 

210 

Williams  .Manufacturing  Co., 

20 

Willis.  William           . 

Wilson,  Scott         . 

90 

Winslow,  Edward  B.,          . 

88 

Woodburv,  Elmer  F.,     . 

6 

Wright,  A.R.,  Co.,     . 

66 

ni         Young  Men's  Christian  Asso. 


i  frje'19 


LIBRARY  OF  CONGRESS 


in mi  mi  mi 

0  009  781  714  5      •