Full text of "Portrait and biographical album of Will County, Illinois : containing full page portraits and biographical sketches of prominent and representative citizens of the county, together with portraits and biographies of all the presidents of the United States and governors of the state"

L I B RARY

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CHICAGO:

Cl^ArAfAjSr BROS.

1890.

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j'^:!!^ greatest uf English bisturiaus, Macaulay, aiul one of the most brilliant WTiters 01
the present century, has said : "The history of a country is best told in a record of the
lives of its people." In conformity with this idea the Poutrait and Biographical
ALiiUMof this county has been prepared. Instead of going to musty records, and
taking therefrom dry statistical matter that can be appreciated by but few, our
corps of writers have gone to the people, the men and women who have, by their
enterprise and industry, brought the county to a rank second to none among those
comprising this great and noble State, and from their lips have the story of their life
struggles. No more interesting or instructive matter could be presented to an intelli-
gent public. In this volume will be found, a record of many whose lives are worthy the
imitation of coming generations. It tells how some, commencing life in povert}', by
industry and economj^ have accumulated wealth. It tells how others, with limited
advantages for securing an education, have become learned men and women, with an
influence extending throughout the length and breadth of the land. It tells of men who
lave risen from the lower walks of life to eminence as statesmen, and whose names have
become famous. It tells of those in every walk in life who have striven to succeed, and
records how that success has usually crowned their efforts. It tells also of many, very
many, who, not seeking the applause of the world, have pursued "the even tenor of their way," content
to have it said of them as Christ said of the woman performing a deed of mercy — "they have done what
they could." It tells how that many in the pride and strength of young manhood left the plow and the
anvil, the lawyer's office and the counting-room, left every trade and profession, and at their country'.s
call went forth valiantly "to do or die," and how through their efforts the Union was restored and peace
once more reigned in the land. In the life of every man and of every woman is a lesson that should not
be lost upon those who follow after.

Coming generations will appreciate this volume and preserve it as a sacred treasure, from the fact
that it contains so much that would never find its way into public records, and which would otherwise be
inaccessible. Great care has been taken in the compilation of the work and every opportunity possible
wiven to those represented to insure correctness in what has been written, and the publishers flatter them-
selves that they give to their readers a work with few errors of consequence. In addition to the biograph-
ical sketches, portraits of a number of representative citizens are given.

The faces of some, and biographical sketches of many, will be missed in this volume. For this the
publishers are not to blame. Not having a proper conception of the work, some refused to give the
information necessary to compile a sketch, while others were indifferent. Occasionally some member of
the family would oppose the enterprise, and on account of such opposition the support of the interested
one would be withheld. In a few instances men could never be found, though repeated calls were made
at their residence or place of business.

w . , ,8on CHAPMAN BRO.S.

CmcAoo, September, 1890.

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O Li It H R M 1 E 3

OF THE

GOVERNORS of ILLINOIS,

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FIRST }'RES1DENT.

"a'li't.'l^i'lg^t'S'ttiJtn.'i''. >'i •. I'l •. .'i'. ,'i '..'i '■ .'i

HE Father of our Country was

horn ill Westmorland Co., Va.,
Feb. 22, 1732. His parents
were Augustine and Mary
(Ball) Washington. The family
to which he belonged has not
been satisfactorily traced in
England. His great-grand-
fatlfer, John Washington, em-
igrated to Virginia about 1657,
and became a prosperous
planter. He had two sons,
Lawrence and John. The
former married Mildred Warner
and had three children, John.
Augustine and Mildred. Augus-
tine, the father of George, fiist
married Jane Butler, who bore
him four children, two of whom,
Lawrence and Augustine, reached
maturity. Of six children by his
second marriage, George was the
eldest, the others being Betty,
Samuel, John Augustine, Charles
and Mildred.
Augustine Washington, tiie father of George, died
in 1743, leaving a large landed property. To his
eldest son, Lawrence, he bequeathed an estate on
tlie Patomac, afterwards known as Mount Vernon,
and to George he left the parental residence. George
received only such education as the neighborhood
schools afforded, save for a short time after he left
school, when he received private instruction in
mathematics. His spellinii v/as rather defective.

Remarkable stories are told of his great physica.
strength and development at an early age. He was
an acknowledged leader among his companions, and
was early noted for that nobleness of character, fair-
ness and veracity which characterized his whole life.

When George was 14 years old he had a desire to go to
sea, and a midshipman's warrant was secured for him,
but through the opposition of his mother the idea was
abandontd. Two years later he was appointed
surveyor to the immense estate of Lord Fairfax. In
this Inisiness he spent three years in a rough frontier
life, gaining experience which afterwards proved very
essential to him. Li 1751, though only 19 years ol
age, he was appointed adjutant with the rank of
major in the Virginia militia, then being trained for
active service against the French and Indians. Soon
after this he sailed to the West Indies with his brother
Lawrence, who went there to restore his health They
soon returned, and in the summer of 1752 Lawrence
died, leaving a large fortune to an infant daughter
who did not long survive him. On her denuse the
estate of Mount Vernon was given to George.

Upon the arrival of Robert Dinwiddie, as Lieuten-
ant-Governor of Virginia, in 1752, the militia wa?
reorganized, and the province divided into four mili-
tary districts, of which the northern was assigned to
Washington as adjutant general. Shortly after this
a very perilous mission was assigned him and ac-
cepted, which others had refused. This was to pro-
ceed to the French post near Lake Erie in North-
western Pennsylvania. The distance to be traversed
was l)elween 500 and 600 miles. Winter wafS at liand,
and the journey was to be made witliout military
escori, through a territory occupied by Indians. The

GEORGE WASHINGTON.

trip was a perilous one, and several limes he came near
losing his life, yet he returned in safety and furnished
a full and useful report of his expedition. A regiment
of 300 men was raised in Virginia and put in com-
mand of Col. Joshua Fry, and Major Washington was
commissioned lieutenant-colonel. Active war was
then begun against the French and Indians, in which
Washington took a most important part. In the
memorable event of July 9, 1755, known as Brad-
dock's defeat, Washington was almost the only officer
of distinction who escaped from the calamities of the
day with life and honor. The other aids of Braddock
ivere disabled early in the action, and Washington
alone was left in that capacity on the field. In a letter
to his brother he says : "I had four bullets through
my coat, and two horses shot under me, yet I escaped
unhurt, though death was levelin" my companions
on every side." An Indian sharpshooter said he was
not born to be killed by a bullet, for he had taken
direct aim at him seventeen times, and failed to hit
him.

After having been five years in the military service,
and vainly sought promotion in the royal army, he
took advantage of the fall of Fort Duquesne and the
expulsion of the French from the valley of the Ohio,
CO resign his conunission. Soon after he entered the
Legislature, where, although not a leader, he took an
active and important part. January 17, 1759, he
married Mrs. Martha (Dandridge) Custis, the wealthy
widow of John Parke Custis.

When the British Parliament hod closed the port
•jf Boston, the cry went up throughout the provinces
that "The cause of Boston^ is the cause of us all."
It was then, at the suggestion of Virginia, that a Con-
gress of all the colonies was called to meet at Phila-
delphia,Sept. 5, 1774, to secure their common liberties,
peaceably if possible. To this Congress Col. Wash-
ington was sent as a delegate. On May 10, 1775, the
Congress re-assembled, when the hostile intentions of
England were plainly apparent. The battles of Con-
cord and Le.xington had been fought. Among the
first acts of this Congress was the election of a com-
mander-in-chief of the colonial forces. This high and
responsible office was conferred upon Washington,
who was still a memberof the Congress. He accepted
it on June 19, but upon the express condition that he
receive no salary. He would keep an exact account
of expenses and expect Congress lo pay them and
nothing more. It is not the object of this sketch to
trace the military acts of Washington, to whom the
fortunes and liberties of the people of this country
were so long confided. The war was conducted by
him under every possible disadvantage, and while his
forces often met with reverses, yet he overcame every
obstacle, and after seven years of heroic devotion
and matchless skill he gained liberty for the greatest
nation ofearth. On Dec. 23, 1783, Washington, in
a paiting address of surpassing beauty, lesigned his

commission as commander-in-chief of the army to
to the Contiijental Congress sitting at Annapolis. He
retired immediately to Mount Vernon and resumed
his occupation as a farmer and planter, shunning all
connection with public life.

In February, 1 7 89, Washington was unanimously
elected President. In his presidential career he was
subject to the peculiar trials incidental to a new
government ; trials from lack of confidence on the pan
of other governments; trials from want ol harmony
between the difterent sections of our own country;
trials from the impoverished condition of the country,
owing to the war and want of credit; trials from the
beginnings of party strife. He was no partisan. His
clear judgment could discern the golden mean; and
while perhaps this alone kept our government from
sinking at the very outset, it left him exposed to
attacks from both sides, which were often bitter and
very annoying.

At the expiration of his first term he was unani-
mously re-elected. At the end of this term manv
were anxious that he be re-elected, but he absolutely
refused a third nomination. On the fourth of March,
1797, at the expiraton of his second term as Presi-
dent, he returned to his home, hoping to pass there
his few remaining yeais free from the annoyances of
public life. Later in the year, however, his repose
seemed likely to be interrupted by war with France
At the prospect of such a war he was again urged to
take command of the armies. He chose his sub-
ordinate ofHcers and left to them the charge of mat-
ters in the field, which he superintended from his
home. In accepting the command he made the
reservation that he was not to be in the field until
it was necessary. In the midst of these prei)arations
his life was suddenly cut off. December 12, he took
a seveie cold from a ride in the rain, which, settling
in his throat, produced inflammation, and terminated
fatally on the night of the fourteenth. On the eiuh-
teenth his body was borne wi'h military honors to its
final resting place, and interred in the family vault at
Mount Vernon.

Of the character of Washington it is impossible to
speak but in terms of the highest respect and ad-
miration. The more we see of the operations of
our government, and the more deeply we feel the
difficulty of uniting all opinions in a common interest,
the more highly we must estimate the force of his tal-
ent and character, which have been able to challenge
the reverence of all parties, and principles, and na-
tions, and to win a fame as extended as the limits
of the globe, and which we cannot but believe will
lie as lasting as the existence of man.

The ]ierson of Washington was unusally tan, erect
and well proportioned. His muscular strength was
great. His features were of a beautiful symmetr\-.
He commanded respect without any appearance of
hnughiiness, and ever serious without being dull.

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?'P?«r4w'^'

OHN ADAMS, the second
A President and the lirst Vice-
'*~'"Presideat of the United States,
was born in Braintree ( now
Quincy),MabS., and about ten
miles from Boston, Oct. 19,
1735. His great-grandfather, Henry
Adams, emigrated from England
about ! 640, with a family of eight
sons, and settled at Braiatree. The
parents of John were John and
Susannah (Boylston) Adams. His
father was a farmer of limited
means, to which he added the bus-
iness of shoemaking. He gave his
eldest son, John, a classical educa-
tion at Harvard College. John
graduated in 1755. and at once took charge of the
school in Worcester, Mass. This he found but a
'sci-.ool of affliction," from which \vt endeavored to
irain relief by devoting himself, in addition, to the
study of law. For this purpose he placed himself
under the tuition of the only lawyer in the town. He
had thought seriously of the clerical profession
but seems to have Ijeen turned from this by what he
cermed " the frightful engines of ecclesiastical coun-
cils, cf diabolical malice, and Calvanistic good nature,"
of the operations of which he had been a witness in
his native town. He was well fitted for the legal
profession, possessing a clear, sonorous voice, being
ready and fluent of speech, and having quick percep-
tive powers. He gradually gained practice, and in
1764 married Abigail Smith, a daughter of a minister,
and a lady of superior intelligence. Shortly after his
marriage, (1765), the attempt of Parliamentary taxa-
tion turned him from law to politics. He took initial
steps toward holdin,, .1 town meeting, and the resolu-

tions he offered on the subject became very populai
throughout the Provmce, and were adopted word for
word by over forty different towns. He moved to Bos-
ton in 1768, and became one of the most courageous
and prominent advocates of the ixjpular cause, and
was chosen a member of the General Court (the Leg-
lislature) in 1770.

Mr. .'Xdams was chosen one of the first delegate.^
from Massachusetts to the first Continental Congress,
which met in 1774. Here he distinguished himselt
by his capacity for business and for debate, and ad-
vocated the movement for independence against th?
majority of the members. In May, 1776, he moved
and carried a resolution in Congress that the Colonies
should assume the duties of self-government. He
was a prominent member of the committee of live
appointed June 11, to prepare a declaration of inde-
pendence. This article was drawn by Jefferson, but
on Adams devolved the task of battling it through
Congress in a three days debate.

On the day after the Declaration of Independence
was passed, while his soul was yet warm with th?
glow of excited feeling, he wrote a letter to his wile
which, as we read it now, seems to have been dictated"
by the spirit of prophecy. "Yesterday," he says, "t'.ie
greatest question was decided that ever was debated
in America; and greater, perhaps, never was or wil
be decided among men. A resolution uas passed
without one dissenting colony, ' that these United
States are, and of right ought to be, free and inde-
pendent states.' The day is passed. The fourth of
July, 1776, will lie a memorable epoch in the history
of America. I am apt to believe it will be celebrated
by succeeding generations, as the great anniversary
festival. It ought to be commemorated as the day of
deliverance by solemn acts of devotion to Almighty
God. It ought to be solemnized with [lomp, shows-

JOHN ADAMS.

games, sixjrts, guns, bells, bonfires, and illuminations
from one end of the continent to the other, from this
time forward for ever. You will think me transix)rted
with enthusiasm, but I am not. I am well aware of
tlie toil, and blood and treasure, that it will cost to
maintain this declaration, and support and defend
these States; yet, through all the gloom, I can see the
rays of light and glory. 1 can see that the end is
WL/rth more than all the means; and that posterity
will triumph, although you and I may rue, which I
hope we shall not."

In November, 1777, Mr. Adams was appointed a
delegate to France and to co-operate with Benijamin
FraHklin and Arthur Lee, who were then in Paris, in
the endeavor to obtain assistance in arms ^nd money
from the French Government. This was a severe trial
to his patriotism, as it separated him from his home,
compelled him to cross the ocean in winter, and ex-
posed him to great peril of capture by the British cruis-
ers, who were seeking him. He left France June 17,
1779. In September of the same year he was again
chosen to go to Paris, and there hold himself in readi-
ness to negotiate a treaty of peace and of commerce
with Great Britian, as soon as the British Cabinet
might lie found willing to listen to such pioposels. He
sailed for France in November, from there he went to
Holland, where he negotiated important loans and
formed important commercial treaties

Finally a treaty of peace with England was signed
Jan. 21, 1783. The re-action from the excitement,
toil and anxiety through which Mr. Adams had passed
threw him into a fever. After suffering from a con-
tinued fever and becoming feeble and emaciated he
was advised to goto England to drink the waters of
Bath. \Vhilein England, still drooping anddesjiond-
ing, he received dispatches from his own government
urging the necessity of his going to .\msterdam to
negotiate another loan. It was winter, his health was
delicate, yet he immediately set out, and through
storm, on sea, on horseback and foot,he made the trip.

February 24, 1785; Congress appointed Mr. Adams
envoy to the Court of St. James. Here he met face
to face the King of England, who had so long re-
garded him as a traitor. As England did not
condescend to appoint a minister to the United
States, and as Mr. Adams felt that he was accom-
plishing but little, he sought permission to return to
nis own country, where he arrived in June, 1788.

When Washington was first chosen President, John
Adams, rendered illusriious by his signal services at
home and abroad, was chosen Vice President. .'Vgain
at the second election of Washington as President,
Adams was chosen Vice President. In 1796, Wash-
ington retired from public life, and Mr. Adams was
elected President,though not without much ojiiKisition.
Serving in this office four years, he was succeeded by
Mr. Je''''erson, his opponent in politics.

^(^hile Mr .\dams was Vice President the grea*

French Revolution shook the continent of Europe,
and it was uixan this point which he was at issue with
the majority of his countrymen led by Mr. Jefferson.
Mr. Adams felt no sympathy with the French people
in their struggle, for he had no confidence in their
power of self-government, and he utterly abhored the
class of atlieist philosophers who he claimed caused it.
On the other hand Jefferson's sympatiiies were strongly
enlisted in behalf of the French people. Hence or-
iginated the alienation between these distinguished
men, and two jx)werful parties were thus soon organ-
ized, Adams at the head of the one whose sympathies
were with England and Jefferson led the other in
sympathy with France.

The world has seldom seen a spectacle of more
moral beauty and grandeur, than was presented by the
old age of Mr. Adams. The violence of party feeling
had died away, and he had begun to receive that just
appreciation which, to most men, is not accorded till
after death. No one could look u[K)n his venerable
form, and think of what he had done and suffered,
and how he had given up all the prime and strenL,th
of his life to the public good, without the deepest
emotion of gratitude and respect. It was his peculiar
good fortune to witness the complete success of the
institution which he had been so active in creating and
supiwrting. In 1824, his cup of happiness was filled
to the brim, by seeing his son elevated to the highest
station in the gift of the people.

The fourth of July, 1826, which completed the half
century since the signing of the Declaration of Inde-
pendence, arrived, and there were but three of the
signers of that immortal instrument left upon the
earth to hail its morning light. And, as it is
well known, on that day two of these finished their
earthly pilgrimage, a coincidence so remarkable as
to seem miraculous. For a few days before Mr.
Adams had been rapidly failing, and on the morning
of the fourth he found himself too weak to rise from
his bed. On being requested to name a toast for the
customarv' celebration of the day, he exclaimed " In-
DEPENDEN'CE FOREVER." When the day was ushered
in, by the ringing of bells and the firing of cannons,
he was asked by one of his attendants if he knew
what day it was.' He replied, "O yes; it is the glor-
ious fourth of July — God bless it — God bless you all."
In the course of the day he said, " It is a great and
glorious day." The last words he uttered were,
"Jefferson survives." But he had, at one o'clock, re-
signed his spirit into the hands of his God.

The personal appearance and manners of Mr.
Adams were not particularly pre]X)Ssessing. His face,
as his portrait manifests,was intellectual ard expres-
sive, but his figure was low and ungraceful, and his
manners were frequently abrupt and uncourteous.
He had neither the lofty dignity of Washington, nor
the engaging elegance and gracefulness which marked
the manners and address of Tefferson.

wz.

THIRD PRESIDENT.

23© IMA S J

-:i>^

HOMAS JEFFERSON was

born April 2, 1743, at Shad-

|,#\vell, Alljermarle county, Va.

His parents were Peter and

Jane ( Randolph) Jefferson,

"^^^^/^^ff the former a native of Wales,
""iA and the latter born in Lon-
don. To them were born six
daughters and two sons, of
whom Thomas was the elder.
When 14 years of age his
fatiier died. He received a
most liberal education, hav-
ing been kept diligently at school
from the time he was five years of
age. In 1760 he entered William
end Mary College. Williamsburg was then the seat
of the Colonial Court, and it was the obodeof fashion
a. id s]jlendor. Young Jefferson, who was then 17
years old, lived somewhat expensively, keeping fine
horses, and much caressed by gay society, yet he
was earnestly devoted lo his studies, and irreproacha-
able in his morals. It is strange, however, under
such influences, that he was not ruined. In the sec-
ond year of his college course, moved by some un-
explained inward impulse, he discarded his horses,
society, and even his favorite violin, to which he had
previously given much time. He often devoted fifteen
hours a day to hard study, allowing himself for ex-
ercise only a run in the evening twilight of a mile out
of the city and back again. He thus attained very
high intellectual culture, alike excellence in philoso-
phy and the languages. The most difficult Latin and
Greek authors he read with facility. A more finished
scholar has seldom gone forth from college halls; and

there was not to be found, perhaps, in all Virginia, a
more pureminded, upright, gentlemanly young man.

Immediately upon leaving college he began the
study of law. For the short time he continued in the
practice of his profession he rose rapidly and distin-
guished himself by his energy and accuteness as a
lawyer. But the times called for greater action.
The policy of England had awakened the spirit of
resistance of the American Colonies, and the enlarged
views which Jefferson had ever entertained, soon led
him into active political life. In 1769 he was chosei '
a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses \\\
1772 he married Mrs. Martha Skelton, a very oeauli-
ful, wealthy and highly accomplished young widov.
Upon Mr. Jefferson's large estate at Shadwell, th-rr
was a majestic swell of land, called Monticello, whici
commanded a prospect of wonderful extent ai;u
beauty. This spot Mr. Jefferson selected for his i^ew
home; and here he reared a mansion of modest ye'
elegant architecture, which, next to Mount Verr.ou
became tiie most distini^uished resort in our land.

In 1775 he was sent to the Colonial Congress
where, though a silent meml)er, his abilities as a
writer and a reasoner soon become known, and h :
was placed upon a number of important committee^,
and was chairman of the one appointed for tlie draw-
ing up of a declaration of independence. This com-
mittee consisted of Thomas Jefferson, John .A^dams,
Benjamin Franklin, Roger .Sherman and Robert R.
Livingston. Jefferson, as chairman, was appointed
to draw up the paper. Franklin and Adams suggested
a few verbal changes before it was subrnitted to Con-
gress. On June 28, a few slight changes were made
in it by Congress, and it was passed and signed July
4, 1776 What must have been the feelings of 'hat

THOMAS JEFFERSON.

man — what the emotions that swelled his breast —
who was charged with the preparation of that Dec-
laration, which, while it made known the wrongs of
America, was also to publish her to the world, free,
(,overign and independent. It is one of the most re-
;niirkable papers ever written ; and did no other effort
'f the mind of its author exist, that alone would be
sufticient to stamp his name with immortality.

In 1779 Mr. Jefferson was elected successor to
Patrick Henry, as Governor of Virginia. At one time
the British officer, Tarleton, sent a secret expedition to
Moniicello, to capture the Governor. Scarcely five
minutes elapsed after the hurried escape of Mr. Jef-
ferson and his family, ere his mansion was in posses-
sion of the British troops. His wife's health, never
very good, was much injured by this excitement, and 1
in the summer of 1782 she died. 1

Mr. Jefferson was elected to Congress in 1783.
Two years later he was appointed Minister Plenipo-
tentiary to France. Returning to the United States
in September, 1789, he becarne Secretary of State
in Washington's cabinet. This position he resigned
Jan. I, 1794. In 1797, he was chosen Vice Presi-
dent, and four years later was elected President over
Mr. Adams, with Aaron Burr as Vice President. In
1 804 he was re-elected with wonderful unanimity,
and George Clinton, Vice President.

The early part of Mr. Jefferson's second adrainstra-
tion was disturbed by an event which threatened the
tnmquility and peace of the Union; this was the con-
spiracy of Aaron Burr. Defeated in the late election
to the Vice Presidency, and led on by an unprincipled
ambition, this extraordinary man formed the plan of a
military expedition into the Spanish territories on our
southwestern frontier, for the purpose of forming there
a new republic. This has been generally supposed
was a mere pretext ; and although it has not been
generally known what his real plans were, there is no
doubt that they were of a far more dangerous
character.

In 1809, at the expiration of the second term for
which Mr. Jefferson had been elected, he determined
to retire from political life. For a period of nearly
forty years, he had been continually before the pub-
.ic, and all that time had been employed in offices of
the greatest trust and responsibility. Having thus de-
voted the best part of his life to the service of his
country, he now felt desirous of that rest which his
dechning years required, and uix)n the organization of
the new administration, in March, 1809, he bid fare-
well forever to public life, and retired to Monticello.

Mr. Jefferson was profuse in his hospitality. Whole
families came in their coaches with their horses, —
fathers and mothers, boys and girls, babies and
nurses, — and remained three and even six months.
Life at Monticello, for years, resembled that at a
fashionable watering-place.

The fourth of July, r826, being the fiftieth anniver-

sary of the Declaration of American Independence
great preparations were made in every pait of thi
Union for its celebration, as the nation's jubilee, anc
the citizens of Washington, to add to the solemnit)
of the occasion, invited Mr. Jefferson, as the framer
and one of the fetv surviving signers of the Declara-
tion, to participate in their festivities. But an ill-
ness, which had been of several weeks duration, and
had been continually increasing, compelled him tc
decline the invitation.

On the second of July, the disease under whict
he was laboring left him, but in such a reduced
state that his medical attendants, entertained nc
hope of his recovery. From this time he was perfectly
sensible that his last hour was at hand. On the nex'
day, which was Monday, he asked of those around
him, the day of the month, and on being told it was
the third of July, he expressed the earnest wish tha'
he might be permitted to breathe the airof the fiftietl]
anniversary. His prayer was heard — that day, whose
dawn was hailed with such rapture through our land
burst uix)n his eyes, and then they were closed for-
ever. And what a noble consummation of a nobk
life ! To die on that day, — the birthday of a nation,- -
the day v/hich his own name and his own act had
rendered glorious; to die amidst the rejoicings and
festivities of a whole nation, who looked up to him
as the author, under God, of their greatest blessings
was all that was wanting to fill up the record his life

Almost at the same hour of his death, the kin-
dred spirit of the venerable Adams, as if to beai
him company, left the scene of his earthly honors
Hand in hand they had stood forth, the champions 01
freedom ; hand in hand, during the dark and desper-
ate struggle of the Revolution, they had cheered and
animated their desj^nding countr)'men; for half £
century they had labored together for the good 01
the country; and now hand in hand they depart
In their lives they had been united in the same greai
cause of liberty, and in their deaths they were noi
divided.

In person Mr. Jefferson was tall and thin, rathei
above six feet in height, but well formed; his eye;
were light, his hair originally red, in after life l)ec:im<
white and silvery; his comple.xion was fair, his fore
head broad, and his whole countenance intelligent anc
thoughtful. He possessed great fortitude of mind a;
well as personal courage ; and his command of tem-
per was such that his oldest and most intimate friend;
never recollected to have seen him in a passion
His manners, though dignified, were simple and un-
affected, and his hospitality was so unbounded thai
all found at his house a ready welcome. In conver-
sation he was fluent, eloquent and enthusiastic ; anc
his language was remarkably pure and correct. Hi
was a finished classical scholar, and in his writings i;
discernable the care with which he fomied his siylf
upon the best models of antiquity.

-J

(Z^c<

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iti-X-C^j C''^

FOURTH FRF SI DENT.

jg^DQES ni^DISOI].

AMES MADISON, "Father
of the Constitution," and fourth
'President of the United States,
was born March i6, 1757, and
died at his home in Virginia,
""■^ June 28, 1836. The name of
James Madison is inseparably con-
nected with most of the important
events in that heroic period of our
country during whicli the founda-
tions of this great republic were
laid. He was the last of the founders
of the Constitution of the United
States to be called to his eternal
reward.

The Madison family were among
the early emigrants to the New World,
landing uix)n the shores of the Chesa-
peake but 15 years after the settle-
ment of Jamestown. The father of
James Madison was an opulent
planter, residing mxjn a very fine es-
tate called " Montpelier," Orange Co.,
Va. The mansion was situated in
the midst of scenery highly pictur-
esque and romantic, on the west side
of South-west Mountain, at the foot of
Blue Ridge. It was but 25 miles from the home of
Jefferson at Monticello. The closest personal and
political attachment existed between these illustrious
men, from their early youth until death.

The early education of Mr. Madison was conducted
mostly at home under a private tutor. At the age of
18 he was sent to Princeton College, in New Jersey.
Here he applied himself to study with the most im-

prudent zeal ; allowing himself, for months, but tliret
hours' sleep out of the 24. His health thus l)ecamc so
seriously impaired that he never recovered any vigor
of constitution. He graduated in 177 i, with a feeble
body, with a character of utmost purity, and wi;h a
mind highly disciplined and richly stored with learning
which embellished and gave proficiency to his subsf
quent career.

Returning to Virginia, he commenced the study ol
law and a course of extensive and systematic reading.
This educational course, the spirit of the times in
which he lived, and the society with which he asso
ciated, all combined to inspire him with a stroi'g
love of liberty, and to train him for his life-woik ol
a statesman. Being naturally of a religious turn of
nrind, and his frail health leading him to think tba'
his life was not to be long, he directed especial atten-
tion to theological studies. Endowed with a mn;d
singularly free from passion and prejudice, and with
almost unequalled powers of reasoning, he weighed
all the arguments for and against revealed religion,
until his faith became so established as never to
be shaken.

In the spring of 1776, when 26 years of age, he
was elected a member of the Virginia Convention, to
frame the constitution of the State. The next year
(•777)1 hs was a candidate for the General Assembly.
He refused to treat the whisky-loving voters, and
consequently lost his election ; but those who had
witnessed the talent, energy and public spirit of the
modest young man, enlisted themselves in his behalf,
and he was appointed to the Executive Council.

Both Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson were
Governors of Virginia while Mr. Madison remained
member of the Council ; and their appreciation o'i hi>

JAMES MADISON.

intellectual, social and moral worth, contributed not
a little to his subsequent eminence. In the year
1780, he was elected a member of the Continental
Con{jress. Here he met the most illustrious men in
our land, and he was immediately assigned to one of
the most conspicuous positions among them.

For three years Mr. Madison continued in Con-
gress, one of its most active and influential members.
In the year 1784, his term having expired, he was
elected a member of the Virginia Legislature.

No man felt more deeply than Mr. Madison the
utter inefficiency of the old confederacy, with no na-
tional government, with ik) power to form treaties
which would be binding, or to enforce law. There
was not any State more prominent than Virginia in
the declaration, that an efficient national government
must be formed. In January', 1786, Mr. Madison
carried a resolution through the General Assembly of
Virginia, inviting the other States to apix)int commis-
sioners to meet in convention at Annapolis to discuss
this subject. Five States only were represented. The
convention, however, issued another call, drawn up
by Mr. Madison, urging all the States to send their
delegates to Philadelphia, in May, 1787, to draft
a Constitution for the United States, to take the place
of that Confederate League. The delegates met at
■ the time apix)inted. Every State but Rhode Island
was represented. George Washington was chosen
president of the convention ; and the present Consti-
tution of the United States was then and there formed.
There was, perhaps, no mind and no pen more ac-
tive in framing this immortal document than the mind
and the pen of James Madison.

The Constitution, adopted by a vote 8i to 79, was
to be presented to the several States for acceptance.
But grave solicitude was felt. Should it be rejected
we should be left but a conglomeration of independent
States, with but little power at home and little respect
abroad. ^Ir. Madison was selected by the conven-
tion to draw up an address to the people of the United
States, exix)unding the principles of the Constitution,
and urging its adoption. There was great opposition
to it at first, but it at length triumphed over all, and
went into effect in 1789.

Mr. ^ladison was elected to the House of Repre-
sentatives in the first Congress, and soon became the
avowed leader of the Republican party. While in
New York attending Congress, he met Mrs. Todd, a
young widow of remarkable power of fascination,
whom he married. She was in person and character
queenly, and probably no lady has thus far occupied
so prominent a position in the ve.xy j^eculiar society
which has constituted our republican court as Mrs.
Mndison.

Mr. Madison served as Secretary of State under
Jefferson, and at the close of his administration
was chosen President. At this time the encroach-
ments of England had brought us to the verge of war. ,

British orders in council destioyed our commerce, and
our flag was e.\ix)sed to constant insult. Mr. Madison
was a man of peace. Scholarly in his taste, re'.iiing
in his disix)sition, war had no charms for him. But the
meekest spirit can be roused. It makes one's blood
boil, even now, to think of an American ship brought
to, upon the ocean, by the guns of an English cruiser.
A young lieutenant steps on board and orders the
crew to be paraded before him. With, great nonchal-
ance he selects any number whom he may please to
designate as British subjects ; orders them down the
ship's side into his boat; and places them on the gun-
deck of his man-of-war, to fight, by compulsion, the
battles of England. This right of search and im-
pressment, no efforts of our Government could induce
the British cabinet to relinquish.

On the 1 8th of June, 181 2, President Madison gave
his approval to an act of Congress declaring war
against Great Britain. Notwithstanding the bitter
hostility of the Federal party to the war, the country
in general approved; and Mr. Madison, on the 4th
of March, 1813, was re-elected by a large majority,
and entered upon his second term of office. This is
not the place to describe the various adventures of
this war on the land and on the water. Our infan'.
navy then laid the foundations of its renown in grap-
pling with the most formidable fwwer which ever
swept the seas. The contest commenced in earnest
by the appearance of a British fleet, early in Februarj',
1813, in Chesapeake Bay, declaring nearly the whole
coast of the United States under blockade.

The Emperor of Russia offered his services as me
ditator. America accepted ; England refused. A Brit-
ish force of five thousand men landed on the banks
of the Patuxet River, near its entrance into Chesa-
peake Bay, and marched rapidly, by way of Bladens-
burg, uix)n Washington.

The straggling little city of Washington was thrown
into consternation. The cannon of the brief conflict
at Bladensburg echoed through the streets of the
metropolis. The whole populaticn fled from the city.
The President, leaving Mrs. Madison in the Wliite
House, with her carriage drawn up at the dot-r to
await his speedy return, hurried to meet the officers
in a council of war. He met our troops utterly routed,
and he could not go back without danger of being
captured. But few hours elapsed ere the Presidential
Mansion, the Capitol, and all the public buildings in
Washington were in flames.

The war closed after two years of fighting, and on
Feb. 13, i8r5,the treaty of peace was signed at Ghent.

On the 4th of March, 1817, his second term of
office expired, and he resigned the Presidential chair
to his friend, James Monroe. He retired to his beau-
tiful home at Montpelier, and there passed the re-
mainder of his days. On June 28, 1836, then at the
age of 85 years, he fell asleep in death. Mrs. Madi-
son died July 12, 1849.

V .

^^^

FIFTH PRESIDENT.

AMES .MONROE, the fifth
I'residentof The United States,
was born in Westmoreland Co.,
Va., April 28, 1758. His early
life was passed at the place of
nativity. His ancestors had for
many years resided in the jirov-
ince ill which he was born. When,
at 17 years of age, in the process
'i' of completing his education at
William and Mary College, the Co-
lonial Congress assembled at Phila-
delphia to deliberate upon the un-
just and manifold oppressions of
Great Britian, declared the separa-
tion of the Colonies, and promul-
gated the Declaration of Indejien-
dence. Had he been born ten years before it is highly
probable that he would have been one of the signers
of that celebrated instrument. At this time he left
school and enlisted among the patriots.

He joined the army when everything looked hope-
less and gloomy. The number of deserters increased
from day to day. The invading armies came pouring
in; and the tories not only favored the cause of the
mother country, but disheartened the new recruits,
who were sufficiently terrified at the prospect of con-
Ijnding with an enemy whom they had been taught
to deem invincible. To such brave spirits as James
Monroe, who went right onward, undismayed through
difficulty and danger, the United States owe their
[lolitical emancipation. The young cadet joined the
ranks, and espoused the cause of his injured country,
with a firm determination to live or die with her strife

for liberty. Firmly yet sadly he shared in the mel-
ancholy retreat from Harleam Heights and White
Plains, and accompanied the dispirited army as it fled
before its foes through New Jersey. In four months
after the Declaration of Independence, the patriots
had been beaten in seven battles. At the battle of
Trenton he led the vanguard, and, in the act of charg-
ing upon the enemy he received a wound in the left
shoulder.

As a reward for his bravery, Mr. Monroe was pro-
moted a captain of infantry ; and, having recovered
from his wound, he rejoined the army. He, however,
receded from the line of promotion, by becoming an
officer in the staff of Lord Steriing. During the cam-
paigns of 1777 and 1778, in the actions of Brandy
wine, Germantown and Monmouth, he continued
aid-de-camp; but becoming desirous to regain his
position in the army, he exerted himself to collect a
regiment for the "Virginia line. This scheme failed
owing to the exhausted condition of the State. Upon
this failure he entered the office of Mr. Jefferson, at
that period Governor, and pursued, with considerable
ardor, the study of common law. He did not, however,
entirely lay aside the knapsack for the green bag;
but on the invasions of the enemy, served as a volun-
teer, during the two years of his legal pursuits.

In 1782, he was elected from King George county,
a member of the Leglislature of Virginia, and by that
body he was elevated to a seat in the E.xecutive
Council. He was thus honored with the confidence
of his fellow citizens at 23 years of age ; and having
at this early period displayed some of that ability
and a|)titude for legislation, which were afterwards
employed with unremittipgenergfy forthe public good,

JAMES MONROE.

lie was in the succeeding year chosen a member of
ihe Congress of the United States.
Decjjlyas Mr. Monioefeh the imperfections of the old
Conlcderacy, he was opposed to the new Constitution,
•.hinkiiig, with many others of *.he Republican party,
'.hat it gave too much power to the Central Government,
.md not enough to the individual States. Still he re-
tained the esteem of his friends who were its warm
supporters, and who, notwithstanding his opposition
secured its adoption. In 1789, he became a member
of the United States Senate ; which office he held for
four years. Every month the line of distinction be-
tween the two great parties which divided the nation,
the Federal and the Republican, was growing more
distinct. The two prominent ideas which now sep-
arated them were, that the Rejiublican party was in
sympathy with France, and also in favor of such a
stiict construction of the Constitution as to give the
Central Government as little power, and the State
(Governments as much [lower, as the Constitution would
warrant. The Federalists sympathized with England,
and were in favor of a liberal construction of the Con-
stitution, which would give as much power to tl»e
Central Government as that document could possibly
authorize.

The leading F'ederalists and Republicans were
alike noljle men, consecrating all their energies to the
good of the nation. Two more honest men or more
pure patriots than John Adams the Federalist, and
James Monroe the Republican, never breathed. In
building up this majestic nation, which is destined
to eclipse all Grecian and Assyrian greatness, the com-
bination of their antagonism was needed to create the
light ecpiilibrium. And yet each in his day was de-
nounced as almost a demon.

Washington was then President. England had es-
poused the cause of the Bourbons against the juinci-
ples of the French Revolution. All Europe was drawn
into the conflict. We were feeble and far away.
Washington issued a proclamation of neutrality be-
tween these contending powers. France had helped
us in the struggle for our liberties. All the despotisms
of Euroi)e were now combined to prevent the French
from escaping from a tyranny a thousand-fold worse
than that which we had endured Col. Monroe, more
magnanimous than prudent, was anxious that, at
whatever hazard, we should help our old allies in
ilieir extremity. It was the impulse of a generous
and noble nature. He violently opposed the Pres-
ident's proclamation as ungrateful and wanting in
magnanimity.

Washington, who could appreciate such a character,
d;veloped his calm, serene, almost divine greatness,
by appointing that very James Monroe, who was de-
nouncing the policy of the Government, as the minister
"f that Government to the Republic of France. Mr.
Monroe was welcomed by the National Convention
i!i France with the most enthusiastic demonstrations.

Shortly after his return to this country, Mr. Mon-
roe was elected Governor of Virginia, and held the
office for three yeais. He was again sent to f ranee to
co-operate with Chancellor Livingston in obtaining
the vast territory then known as the Province of
Louisiana, which France had but shortly before ob-
tained from Spain. Their united efforts were suc-
cessful. For the comparatively small sum of fifteen
millions of dollars, the entire territory of Orleans and
district of Louisiana were added to the United States.
This was probably the largest transfer of real estate
which was ever made in all the history of the world.

From France Mr. Monroe went to England to oIj-
tain from that country some recognition of our
rights as neutrals, and to remonstrate against those
odious impressments of our seamen. But Eng-
land was unrelenting. He again returned to F3ng-
land on the same mission, but could receive no
redress. He returned to his home and was again
chosen Governor of Virginia. This he soon resigned
to accept the position of Secretary of State under
Madison. While in this office war with England was
declared, the Secretary of War resigned, and during
these trying times, the duties of the War Department
were also put upon him. He was truly the armor-
bearer of President Madison, and the most efficient
business man in his cabinet. Upon the return ol
peace he resigned the Department of War, but con-
tinued in the office of Secretary of State until the ex-
piration of Mr. Madison's adminstration. At the elec
tion lieUl the previous autumn Mr. Monroe himself had
been chosen President with but little opposition, and
upon March 4, 181 7, was inaugurated. Four years
later he was elected for a second term.

Among the important measures of his Presidency
were the cession of Florida to the Lhiited States; tjie
Missouri Compromise, and the " Monroe doctrine.''

This famous doctrine, since known as the " Monroe
doctrine," was enunciated by him in 1823. At that
time the United States had recognized the indei)end-
ence of the South American states, and did not wish
to have European powers longer attempting to sub-
due portions of the American Continent. The doctrine
is as follows: "That we should consider any attempt
on the part of European powers to extend their sys-
tem to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous
to our peace and safety," and "that we could not
view any interposition for the inirpose of oppressing
or controlling American governments or ]irovinces in
any other light than as a manifestation by Euro]iean
powers of an unfriendly disposition tinvard the United
States.". This doctrine immediately afiTected the course
of foreign governments, and has become the approved
sentiment of the LTnited States.

At the end of his fecond term Mr. Monroe retired
to his home in Virginia, where he lived until 1830,
when he went to New York to live with his son-in-
law. In that city he died, on the 4th of July, 1831

J. $, Ai

fi-0>vj

SIXTH PRESIDENT.

^TxrMr^:^

J!5 . „ _ JI4 li

:jor?i] Qnii]6Y ;5D^i]QS.

iJ-SiS'^-S'.c*

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'■^',^^=-*r i'^'»3*^'''^»!e»-^J^rf3^"— A^N^jt

OHN QUINCY ADAMS, the
sixth President of the United
instates, was born in the rural
" home of his honored father,
Joim Adams, in Qaincy, Mass.,
on the I ith cf July, 1767. His
mother, a woman of exalted
worth, watched over his childhood
during the almost constant ab-
sence of his father. When but
eight years of age, he stood with
his mother on an eminence, listen-
ing to the booming of the great bat-
tle on Bunker's Hill, and gazing on
upon the smoke and flames billow-
ing up from the conflagration of
Charlestown.

When but eleven years old he
took a tearful adieu of his mother,
to sail with his father for Europe,
through a fleet ot hostile British cruisers. The bright,
animated boy spent a year and a half in Paris, where
his fatiier was associated with Franklin and Lee as
minister plenipotentiary. His intelligence attracted
the notice of these distinguished men, and he received
from them flattering marks of attention.

Mr. John Adams had scarcely returned to this
cou;'-try, in 1779, ere he was again sent abroad. Again
joI.A Quincy accompanied his father. At Paris he
ai)plied himself with great diligence, for six months,
to jtudy; then accom pained his father to Holland,
v'here he entered, first a school in Amsterdam, then
the University at Leyden. About a year from this
fime, in 1781, when the manly boy was but fourteen
yea-3 of age, he was selected by Mr. Dana, our min-
ister to the Russian court, as his private secretary.

\\\ this school of incessant labor and of enobling
culture he spent fourteen months, and then returned
10 Holland through Sweden, Denmark, Hamburg and
Bremen. This long journey he took alone, in the
winter, when in his sixteenth year. Again he resumed
his studies, under a private tutor, at Hague. Thence,

in the spring of 1782, he accompanied his father tc
Paris, traveUng leisurely, and forming acquaintance
with the most distinguished men on the Continent-
examining architectural remains, galleries of paintings
and all renowned works of art. At Paris he again
became associated with the most illustrious men of
all lands in the conteniijlations of the loftiest temporal
themes which can engross the human mind. Afte;
a short visit to England he returned to Paris, and
consecrated all his energies to study until May, 1785,
when he returned to America. To a brilliant young
man of eighteen, who had seen much of the world,
and who was familiar with the etiquette of courts, a
residence with his father in London, under such cir-
cumstances, must have been extremely attractive
but with judgment very rare in one of his age, he pre-
ferred to return to America to complete his education
in an American college. He wished then to study
law, that with an honorable profession, he might be
able to obtain an independent support.

Upon leaving Harvard College, at the age of twenty-
he studied law for three years. In June, 1794, be-
ing then but twenty-seven years of age, he was ap-
pointed by Washington, resident minister at the
Netherlands. Sailing from Boston in July, he reached
Londonin October, where he was immediately admit-
ted to the deliberations of Messrs. Jay and Pinckney,
assisting them in negotiating a commercial treaty with
Gieat Britian. After thus spending a fortnight ir,
London, he proceeded to the Hague.

In July, 1797, he left the Hague to go to Portugal a.->
minister plenipotentiary. On his way to Portugal,
upon ariiving in London, he met with despatches
directing him to the court of Beilin, but requesting
him to remain in London until he should receive his
instructions. While waiting he was married to a:i
American lady to whom he had been previously en-
gaged, — Miss Louisa Catherine Johnson, daughter
of Mr. Joshua Johnson, American consul in London;
a lady endownd with that beauty and those accom-
plishment which eminently fitted her to move in ti.e
elevated sphere for which she was destined-

♦o

JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.

He reached Berlin with his wife in November, 1797 ;

where he remained until July, 1799, when, having ful-
filled all the puriKJses of his mission, he solicited his
recall.

Soon after his return, in 1802, he was chosen to
the Senate of Massachusetts, from Boston, and then
was elected Senator of the United States for six years,
from the 4th of March, 1804. His reputation, his
ability and his experience, placed him immediately
among the most prominent and influential members
of that body. Especially did he sustain the Govern-
ment in its measures of resistance to the encroach-
ments of England, destroying our commerce and in-
sulting our flag. There was no man in America more
familiar with the arrogance of the British court upon
these points, and no one more resolved to present
a firm resistance.

In 1809, Madison succeeded Jefferson in the Pres-
idential chair, and he immediately nominated John
Quincy Adams minister to St. Petersburg. Resign-
ing his professorship in Harvard College, he embarked
at Boston, in August, 1809.

While in Russia, Mr. Adams was an intense stu-
dent. He devoted his attention to the language and
history of Russia; to the Chinese trade; to the
European system of weights, measures, and coins; to
the ciimate and astronomical observations ; while he
kept up a familiar acquaintance with the Greek and
Latin classics. In all the universities of Europe, a
more accomplished scholar could scarcely be found.
All through life the Bible constituted an important
part of his studies. It was his rule to read five
chapters every day.

On the 4th of March, 1817, Mr. Monroe took the
Presidential chair, and immediately apix)inted Mr.
Adams Secretary of State. Taking leave of his num-
erous friends in public and private life in Europe, he
sailed in June, i8tg, for the United States. On the
i8th of August, he again crossed the threshold of his
home in Quincy. During the eiglit years of Mr. Mon-
roe's administration, Mr, Adams continued Secretary
of State.

Some time before the close of Mr. Monroe's second
term of office, new candidates began to be presented
for the Presidency. The friends of Mr. Adams brought
forward his name. It was an exciting campaign.
Party spirit was never more bitter. Two hundred and
sixty electoral votes were cast. Andrew Jackson re-
ceived ninety-nine; John Quincy .\dams, eighty-four;
William H. Crawford, forty-one; Henry Clay, thirty-
scyfen. As there was no choice by the people, the
question wer.t to the House of Re[)resentatives. Mr.
Clay gave the vote of Kentucky to Mr. Adams, and
he was elected.

The friends of all the disappointed candidates now
combined in a venomous and persistent assault iqion
Mr. .\dams. There is nothing more disgraceful in
*"^ past history of our country than the abuse which

was poured in one uninterrupted stream, upon this
high-minded, uprightj patriotic man. There never was
an administration more pure in principles, more con-
scientiously devoted to the best interests of the coun-
try, than that of John Quincy Adams; and never, per-
haps, was there an administration more unscrupu-
lously and outrageously assailed.

Mr. Adams was, to a very remarkable degree, ab-
stemious and temperate in his habits; always rising
early, and taking much exercise. \\'hen at his home in
Quincy, he has been known to walk, before breakfast,
seven miles to Boston. In Washington, it was said
that he was the first man up in the city, lighting his
own fire and applying himself to work in his library
often long before dawn.

On the 4th of March, 1829, Mr. Adams retired
from the Presidency, and was succeeded by Andrew-
Jackson. John C. Calhoun was elected Vice Presi-
dent. The slavery question now began to assume
jxirtentous magnitude. Mr. Adams returned to
Quincy and to his studies, which he pursued with un-
abated zeal. But he was not long permitted to re-
main in retirement. In November, 1830, he was
elected representative to Congress. For seventeen
years, until his death, he occupied the post as repre-
sentative, towering above all his peers, ever ready to
do brave battle' for freedom, and winning the title of
"the old man eloquent." Upon taking his seat in
the House, he announced that he should hold him-
self bound to no party. Probably there never was a
member more devoted to his duties. He was usually
the first in his place in the morning, and the last to
leave his seat in the evening. Not a measure could
be brought forward and escape his scrutiny. 'I he
battle which Mr. Adams fought, almost singly, against
the proslavery party in the Government, was sublime
in Its moral daring and heroism. For persisting in
presenting petitions for the abolition of slavery, he
was threatened with indictment by the grand jury,
with expulsion from the House, with assassination :
but no threats could intimidate him, and his final
triumph was complete.

It has been said of President Adams, that when his
body was bent and his hair silvered by the lapse of
fourscore years, yielding to the simple faith of a little
child, he was accustomed to repeat every night, before
he slept, the prayer which his mother taught him in
his infant years.

On the 2rstof February, 1848, he rose on the floor
of Congress, with a paper in his hand, to address the
speaker. Suddenly he fell, again stricken by paraly-
sis, and was caught in the arms of those around liim.
For a time he was senseless, as he was conveyed to
the sofa in the rotunda. With reviving conscious-
ness, he opened his eyes, looked calmly around and
said " This is the end of earth ;W\^y\ after a moment's
pause he added, ''/am eontent" These were the
last words of the grand "Old Man Eloquent."

<^-^'^i-^^^^<J)-===:^^

5A- VENTH PRESIDENT.

-13

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^<.i,ai ^<aLa2/(i^^•-<s~*^«"■=^^f^?T^f^^to]g:B

NDREW JACKSON, the
seventh President of the
■jj" United States, was born in
Waxhaw settlement, N. C,
March 15, 1767, a few days
after his father's death. His
parents were poor emigrants
from Ireland, and took up
their abode in Waxhaw set-
tlement, where they lived in
deepest poverty.
Andrew, or Andy, as he was
universally called, grew up a very
rough, rude, turbulent boy. His
features were coarse, his form un-
gainly; and there was but very
little in his character, made visible, which was at-
tractive.

When only thirteen years old he joined the volun-
teers of Carolina against the British invasion. In
17S1, he and his brother Robert were captured and
imprisoned for a time at Camden. A British officer
ordered him to brush his mud-spattered boots. " I am
a prisoner of war, not your servant," was the reply of
the dauntless boy.

Tlie brute drew his sword, and aimed a desperate
Dlow at the head of the helpless young prisoner.
Andrew raised his hand, and thus received two fear-
ful gashes, — one on the hand and the other upon the
head. The officer then turned to his brother Robert
with the same demand. He also refused, and re-
ceived a blow from the keen-edged sabre, which quite
disabled him, and which probably soon after caused
his death. They suffered much other ill-treatment, and
were finally stricken with the small-pox. Their
mother was successful 'n obtaining their exchange,

and took her sick boys home. After a long illness
Andrew recovered, and the death of his mother soon
left him entirely friendless.

Andrew su|)ported himself in various ways, sjchas
working at the saddler's trade, teaching school and
clerking in a general store, until 1784, when he
entered a law office at Salisbury, N. C. He, however,
gave more attention to the wild amusements of the
times than to his studies. In 1788, he was appointed
solicitor for the western district of North Carolina, of
which Tennessee was then a part. This involved
many long and tedious journeys amid dangers of
every kind, but Andrew Jackson never knew fear,
and the Indians had no desire to repeat a skirmish
with the Sharp Knife.

In 1791, Mr. Jackson was married to a woman who
supposed herself divorced from her former husband.
Great was the sur[)rise of both parties, two years later,
to find that the conditions of the divorce had just been
definitely settled by the first husband. The marriage
ceremony was performed a second time, but the occur-
rence was often used by his enemies to bring Mr.
Jackson into disfavor.

During these years he worked hard at his profes-
sion, and frequently had one or more duels on hand,
one of which, when he killed Dickenson, was espec-
ially disgraceful.

In January, 1796, the Territory of Tennessee then
containing nearly eighty thousand inhabitants, the
people met in convention at Knoxville to frame a con-
stitution. Five were sent from each of the eleven
counties. Andrew Jackson was one of the delegates.
The new StAte was entitled to but one menil er ii\
the National House of Representatives. Andrew Jack-!
son was chosen that member. Moimting his horse he
rode to Philedelphia, where Congress then held its

ANDRE IV J A CKSOiY.

i'jssijiis, — a distance of about eight hundred miles.

Jackson was an earnest advocate of the Demo-
cratic party. Jefferson was his idol. He admired
Bonaparte, loved France and hated England. As Mr.
Jackson took his seat, Gen. AVashington, whose
second term of office was then expiring, delivered his
last speech to Congress. A committee drew up a
complimentary address in reply. Andrew Jackson
did not approve of the address, and was one of the
twelve who voted against it. He was not willing to
say that Gen. Washington's adminstration had been
" wise, firm and patriotic."

Mr. Jackson was elected to the United States
Senate in 1797, but soon resigned and returned home.
Soon after he was chosen Judge of the Supreme Court
of his State, which position he held for six years.

When the war of 1812 with Great Britian com-
menced, Madison occupied the Presidential chair.
Aaron Burr sent word to the President that there was
an unknown man in the West, Andrew Jackson, wlio
would do credit to a commission if one were con-
ferred upon him. Just at that time Gen. Tackson
offered his services and those of twenty-five hundred
volunteers. His offer was accepted, and the troops
were assembled at Nashville.

As the British were hourly expected to make an at-
tack r.pon New Orleans, where Gen. Wilkinson was
in command, he was ordered to descend the river
with fifteen hundred troops to aid Wilkinson. The
expeditit)u reached Natchez; and afteradelay of sev-
eral weeks there, without accomplishing anything,
the men were ordered back to their homes. But the
energy Gen. Jackson had displayed, and his entire
devotion to the comrfort of his soldiers, won him
golden opinions; and he became the most popular
man in the State. It was in this expedition that his
toughness gave him the nickname of " Old Hickory."

Soon after this, while attempting to horsewhip Col.
Thomas H. Benton, for a remark that gentleman
made about his taking a part as second in a duel, in
which a younger brother of Benton's was engaged,
he received two severe [jistol wounds. While he was
lingering tipon a bed of suffering news came that the
Indians, who had combined under Tecumseh from
Florida to the Lakes, to e.xterminate the white set-
ters, were committing the most awful ravages. De-
cisive action became necessary. Gen. Jackson, with
liis fractured bone just beginning to heal, his arm in
a sling, and unable to mount his horse without assis-
tance, gave his amazing energies to the raising of an
army to rendezvous at Fayettesville, Alabama.

The Creek Indians had established a strong fore on
oiie f>f the bends of theTallanoosa River, near the cen-
ter of Alabama, about fifty miles below Fort Strother.
With an army of two thousand men, Gen. Jackson
traversed the pathless wilderness in a march of eleven
il'vs. He re.iched their fort, called Toliopeka or
Uorsc-shoe, 0.1 I'lo 27lh of March. i8ia. The bend

of the river enclosed nearly one hundred acres of
tangled forest and wild ravine. Across the narrow
neck the Indians had constructed a formidable brea.st-
work of logs and brush. Here nine hundred warriors,
with an ample suply of arras were assembled.

The fort was stormed. The fight was utterly des-
perate. Not an Indian would accept of quarter. When
bleeding and dying, they would fight those who en-
deavored to spare their lives. From ten in the morn-
ing until dark, the battle raged. The carnage was
awful and revolting. Some threw themselves into the
river; but the unerring bullet struck their heads as
they swam. Nearly everyone of the nine hundred war-
rios were killed A few probably, in the night, swam
the river and escaped. This ended the war. The
power of the Creeks was broken forever. This bold
plunge into the wilderness, with itsterriffic slaughter,
so appalled the savages, that the haggard remnants
of the bands came to the camp, begging for peace.

This closing of the Creek war enabled us to con-
centrate all our militia upon Ihe British, who were the
allies of the Indians No man of less resolute will
than Gen. Jackson could have conducted this Indian
campaign to so successful an issue Immediately he
was appointed major-general.

Late in .August, with an army of two thousand
men, on a rushing march. Gen. Jackson came to
Mobile. A British fleet came from Pensacola, landed
a force upon the beach, anchored near the little fort,
and from both ship and shore commenced a furious
assault The battle was long and doubtful. At length
one of the ships was blown up and the rest retired.

Garrisoning Mobile, where he had taken his littb;
army, he moved his troops to New Orleans,
And the battle of New Orleans which soon ensued,
was in reality a very arduous campaign. This won
for Gen. Jackson an imperishalile name. Here hfs
troops, which numbered about four thousand men,
won a signal victory over the British army of about
nine thousand. His loss was but thirteen, while the
loss of the British was two thousand six hundred.

The name of Gen. Jackson soon began to be men-
tioned in connection with the Presidency, but, in 1824,
he was defeated by Mr. Adams. He was, however,
successful in the election of 1828, and was re-elected
for a second term in 1832. In 1829, just before he
assumed the reins of the government, he met with
the most terrible affliction of liis life in the death of
his wife, whom he had loved with a devotion which has
perhaps never lieen surpassed. From tlie shock of
her death he never recovered.

His administration was one of the most memorable
in the annals of our country; applauded by one party,
condemned by the other. No man had more bitter
enemies or warmer friends. At the expiration of his
two terms of office he retired to the Hermitace, where
he died June 8, 1845. The last years of Mr. Jack-
son's life were that of a devoted Christian man.

^ 7 2^^^ ^^z^3 U^.^'z..^

EIGHTH PRESIDENT.

ARTIN VAN BUREN, the
eighth President of the
United States, was born at
Kinderhook, N. Y., Dec. 5,
1782. He died at the same
)late, July 24, 1862. His
body rests in the cemetery
at Kinderhook. Above it is
a plain granite shaft fifteen feet
high, liearing a simple inscription
about half way up on one face,
w The lot is unfenced, unbordered
or unbounded by shrub or flower.

There is but little in the life of Martin Van P.uren
of romantic interest. He fought no battles, engaged
in no wild adventures. Though his life was stormy in
political and intellectual conflicts, and he gained many
signal victories, his days passed uneventful in those
incidents which give zest to biography. His an-
cestors, as his name indicates, were of Dutch origin,
and were among the earliest emigrants from Holland
to the Ijanks of the Hudson. His father was a farmer,
residing in the old town of Kinderhook. His mother,
also of Dutch lineage, was a woman of superior intel-
ligence and e.xemplary piety.

He was decidedly a precocious boy, developing un-
usual activity, vigor and strength of mind. At the
age of fourteen, he had finished his academic studies
in his native village, and commenced the study of
law. As he had not a collegiate education, seven
years of study in a law-office were retpiired of him
liefore he could be admitted to the bar. Inspired with
a lofty ambition, and conscious of his powers, he pur-
sued his studies witli indefatigable industry. After
5i)ending six ye.nrs in an office in bis native village,

he went to the city of New York, and prosecuted his
studies for the seventh year.

In 1803, Mr. Van Buren, then twenty-one years of
age, commenced the practice of law in his native vil-
lage. The great conflict between the Federal and
Rei)ublican party was then at its height. Mr. Van
Buren was from the beginning a politician. He had,
perhaps, imbibed that spirit while listenkig to the
many discussions which had been carried on in his
father's hotel. He was in cordial sympathy with
Jefferson, and earnestly and eloquently espoused the
cause of State Rights ; though at that time the Fed-
eral party held the supremacy both in his town
and State.

His success and increasing ruputation led him
after six years of practice, to remove to Hudson, th^;
county seat of his county. Here he spent seven years,
constantly gaining strength by contending in the-
courts with some of the ablest men who have adorned
the bar of his State.

Just before leaving Kinderhook for Hudson, Mi.
Van Buren married a lady alike distinguished for
beauty and accomplishments. After twelve short
years she sank into the grave, the victim of consump-
tion, leaving her husband and four sons to weep ovei
her loss. For twenty-five years, Mr. Van Buren was
an earnest, successful, assiduous lawyer. The record
of those years is barren in items of public interest.
In t8i 2, when thirty years of age, he was chosen to
the State Senate, and gave his strenuous support to
Mr. Madison's adminstration. In 18 15, he was ap-
pointed Attorney-General, and the ne.\t year moved
to Albany, the capital of the State.

'iVhile he was acknowledged as one of the most
piominent leaders of the Democratic party, he had

MARTIN VAN BUREN.

the moral courage to avow that true democracy did
not require that " universal suffrage" which admits
the vile, the degraded, the ignorant, to the right of
governing the State. In true consistency with his
democratic principles, he contended that, while the
path leading to the privilege of voting should be open
to every man without distinction, no one should be
invested with that sacred iirerogative, unless he were
in some degree qualified for it by intelligence, virtue
and some property interests in the welfare of the
State.

In 1821 he was elected a member of the United
.States Senate; and in the same year, he took a seat
in the convention to revise the constitution of his
.lative State. His course in this convention secured
the approval of men of all parties. No one could
doubt the singleness of his endeavors to promote the
interests of all classes in the community. In the
Senate of the United States, he rose at once to a
conspicuous position as anactive and useful legislator.

In 1827, John Quincy Adams being then in the
Presidential chair, Mr. Van Buren was re-elected to
Jie Senate. He had been from the beginning a de-
jermiued opposer of the Administration, ado|iting the
'State Rights" view in opposition to what was
deemed the Federal iiroclivities of Mr. Adams.

.Soon after this, in 1828, he was chosen Governorof
the State of New York, and accordingly resigned his
seat in the Senate. Probably no one in the United
States contributed so much towards ejecting John Q.
Adams from the Presidential chair, and placing in it
Andrew Jackson, as did Martin Van Buren. Whetlier
entitled to the reputation or not, he certainly was re-
g.arded throughout the United States as one of the
uiost skillful, sagacious and cunning of politicians.
Zt was supposed that no one knew so well as he how
;o touch the secret spiings of action; how to pull all
;he wires to put his machinery in motion; and how to
organize a political army which would, secredy and
rtealthily accomplish the most gigantic results. By
these powers it is said that he outv/itted Mr. Adams,
Mr. Clay, Mr. Webster, and secure^i results which
lew tliought then could be accomplished.

VV ij 1 .\adrew Jackson was elected President he
appointed Mr. Van Buren Secretary of State. This
poiiiion lie resigned in 1831, and was immediately
appointed Minister to England, where he went the
sn-,iL.' .iinunin. The .Se late, however, when il met,
refLSed to ratify the nomination, and he leturned

home, apparently untroubled ; was nominated Vice
President in the place of Calhoun, at the re-election
of President Jackson ; and with smiles for all and
frowns for none, he took his place at the head of that
Senate which had refused to confirm his nomination
as ambassador.

His rejection liy the Senate roused all the zeal of
President Jackson in behalf of his repudiated favor=
ite ; and this, probably more than any other cause,
secured his elevation to the chair of the Chief Execu
tive. On the 20th of May, 1836, Mr. Van Buren re-
ceived the Democratic nomination to succeed Gen.
Jackson as President of the United States He was
elected by a handsome majority, to the delight of the
retiring President. " Leaving New York out of the
canvass," says Mr. Parton, "the election of Mr. Van
Buren to the Presidency was as much the act of Gen.
Jackson as though the Constitution had conferred
upon him the power to appoint a successor."

His administration was filled with exciting events.
The insurrection in Canada, which threatened to in
volve this country in war with England, the agitation
of the slavery question, and finally the great commer-
cial panic which spread over the country, all were
trials to his wisdom. The financial distress was at-
tributed to the management of the Democratic party,
and brought the President into such disfavor that he
failed of re-election.

With the exception of being nominated for the
Presidency by the "Free Soil" Democrats, in 1848,
Mr. Van Buren lived quietly upon his estate uiitil
his deatli.

He had ever been a prudent man, of frugal liabits,
and living within his income, had now fortunately a
competence for his declining years. His unblemished
character, his commanding abilities, his unquestioned
patriotism, and the distinguished positions which he
had occupied in the government of our country, se-
cured to him not only the homage of his party, but
the respect ot the whole community. It was on the
4th of March, 1841, that Mr. Van Buren retired from
the presidency. From his fine estate at Lindfuwald^
he still exerted a powerful influence upon ihe publics
of the country. From this time until his death, on.
the 24th of July, 1862, at the age of eighty ; eais, he
resided at Lindenwald, a gentleman of leisure, of
culture and of wealth; enjoyirg in a liealthy old
age, probably far more hapjiiness than he had before
experienced amid the stormy scenes of his active life-

^ J^^a^iyi^-

'M.^

NJNTH PRESIJJJ'.NT.

..-4.

I ILLIAM HENRY HARRI-
w SON, the ninth President of
% the United States, was born
j/J at Berkeley, Va., Feb. 9, 1773.
His father, Benjamin Harri-
son, was in comparatively op-
ulent circumstances, and was
one of the most distinguished
men of his day. He was an
intimate friend of George
Washington, w as early elected
a meml)er of the Continental
Congress, and was conspicuovis
among the patriots of Virginia in
resisting the encroachments of the
British crown. In the celebrated
Congress of 1775, Benjamin Har-
rison and John Hancock were
both candidates for the office of
speaker.

Mr Harrison was subsequently
chosen Governor of Virginia, and
was twice re-elected. His son,
i William Henry, of course enjoyed

in childhood all the advantages which wealth and
intellectual and cultivated society could give. Hav-
ing received a thorough common-school education, lie
entered Hampden Sidney College, where he graduated
with honor soon after the death of his father. He
Jhen repaired to Philadelpliia tostudy medicine undtr
the instructions of Dr. Rush, and the guardianship of
iobert Morris, both of whom were, with his father,
■"igners of the Declaration of Independence.

Upon the outbreak of the Indian troubles, and not-
withstanding the remonstrances of his friends, he
abandoned his medical studies and entered the army,
having obtained a commission of Ensign from Presi-

dent Washington. He was then but 19 years old.
From that time he passed gradually upward in rank
until he became aid to General Wayne, after whose
death he resigned his commission. He was then a))-
pointed Secretary of the North-western Territory. This
Territory was then entitled to but one member in
Congress and Capt. Harrison was chosen to fill that
position.

In the spring of 1800 the North-western Territory
was divided by Congress into two portions. The
eastern portion, comprising the region now embraced
in the State of Ohio, was called " 'I'he Territory
north-west of the Ohio." The western porlion, which
included what is now called Indiana, Illinois and
Wisconsin, was called the "Indiana Territory." Wil-
liam Henry Harrison, then 27 years of age, was ap-
pointed by John Adams, Governor of the Indiana
Territory, and immediately after, also Governor of
Upper Louisiana. He was thus ruler over almost as
extensive a realm as any sovereign upon the globe. He
was Superintendent of Indian Affairs, and was in-
vested with powers nearly dictatorial over the now
rapidly increasing white population. The ability and
fidelity with which lie discharged these res[)onsible
duties may be inferred from the fact that he was four
times appointed to this office — first by John Adams,
twice by Thomas Jefferson and afterwards liy Presi-
dent Madison.

When he began his adminstration there were but
three white settlements in that almost boundless region,
now crowded with cities and resounding with all the
tumult of wealth and traffic. Oneof these settlements
was on the Ohio, nearly opposite Louisville; one at
Vincennes, on the Wabash, and the third a French
settlement.

The vast wilderness over which (lov. Harrisoi.
reigned was filled with many tribes of Indians. Abou'

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOii

i iDnAnw

WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON.

the year 1806, two extraordinary men, twin brothers,
of the Shawnese tribe, rose among them. One of
these was called Tecumseh, or " The Crouching
Panther;" the other, OUiwacheca, or "The Prophet."
Tecumseh was not only an Indian warrior, but a man
of great sagacity, far-reaching foresight and indomit-
able perseverance in any enterprise in which he might
engage. He was inspired with the highest enthusiasm,
and had long regarded with dread and with hatred
the encroachment of the whites upon the hunting-
grounds of liis fathers. His brother, the Prophet, was
an orator, who could sway the feelings of the untutored
Indian as the gale tossed the tree-tops beneath which
they dwelt.

But the Prophet was not merely an orator : he was,
in the superstitious minds of the Indians, invested
with the superhuman dignity of a medicine-man or a
magician. With an enthusiasm unsurpassed by Peter
the Hermit rousing Europe to the crusades, he went
from tribe to tribe, assuming that he was specially sent
by the Great Spirit.

Gov. Harrison made many attempts to conciliate
the Indians, but at last the war came, and at Tippe-
canoe the Indians were routed with great slaugliter.
(Jctober 28, 1812, his army began its march. When
near the Prophet's town three Indians of rank made
their appearance and inquired why Gov. Harrison was
approaching them in so hostile an attitude. After a
short conference, arrangements were made for a meet-
ing the next day, to agree upon terms of peace.

But Gov. Harrison was too well acquainted with
the Indian character to be deceived by such protes-
tations. Selecting a favorable spot for his night's en-
campment, he took every precaution against surprise.
His troops were posted in a hollow square, and slept
upon their arms.

The troops threw themselves upon the ground for
rest; but every man had his accourtrements on, his
loaded musket by his side, and his bayonet fixed. The
wakeful Governor, between three and four o'clock in
the morning, had risen, and was sitting in conversa-
tion with his aids by the embers of a waning fire. It
was a chill, cloudy morning with a drizzling rain. In
the darkness, the Indians had crept as near as possi-
ble, and just then, with a savage yell, rushed, with all
the desperation which superstition and passion most
highly inflamed could give, upon the left flank of the
little army. The savages had been amply provided
with guns and ammunition by the English. Their
war-whoop was accompained by a shower of bullets.

The camp-fires were instantly extinguished, as the
light aided the Indians in their aim. With hide-
cus yells, the Indian bands rushed on, not doubting a
S])eedy and an entire victory. But Gen. Harrison's
troops stood as immovable as the rocks aroand them
until day dawned : they then made a simultaneous
charge with the bayonet, and swept every thing be-
fore them, and completely routing the foe.

Gov. Harrison now had all his energies tasked
to the utmost. The British descending from the Can-
adas, were of themselves a very formidable force ; but
with their savage allies, rushing like wolves irom the
forest, searching out every remote farm-house, burn-
ing, plundering, scalping, torturing, the wide frontier
was plunged into a state of consternation which even
the most vivid imagination can but faintly conceive.
The war-whoop was resounding everywhere in the
forest. The horizon was illuminated with the conflagra-
tion of the cabins of the settlers. Gen Hull had made
the ignominious surrender of his forces at Detroit.
Under these despairing circumstances. Gov. Harrison
was appointed by President Madison commander-in-
chief of the North-western army, with orders to retake
Detroit, and to protect the frontiers.

It would be diflScult to place a man in a situation
demanding more energy, sagacity and courage; but
General Harrison was found equal to the position,
and nobly and triumphantly did he meet all the r&
sponsibilities.

He won the love of his soldiers by always sharing
with them their fatigue. His whole baggage, while
pursuing the foe up the Thames, was carried in a
valise; and his bedding consisted of a single blanket
lashed over his saddle. Thirty-five British officers,
his prisoners of war, supped with him after the battle.
The only fare he could give them was beef roasted
liefore the fire, without bread or salt.

In 1816, Gen. Harrison was chosen a member of
the National House of Representatives, to represent
the District of Ohio. In Congress he proved an
active member; and whenever he spoke, it was with
force of reason and power of eloquence, which arrested
the attention of all the members.

In 1S19, Harrison was elected to the Senate ol
Ohio; and in 1824, as one of the presidential electors
of that State, he gave his vote for Henry Clay. The
same year he was chosen to the United States Senate.

In 1836, the friends of Gen. Harrison brought him
forward as a candidate for the Presidency against
Van Buren, but he was defeated. At the close of
Mr. Van Buren's term, he was re-nominated by his
party, and Mr. Harrison was unanimously nominated
by the Whigs, with John Tyler for the Vice Presidency.
The contest was very animated. Gen Jackson gave
all his influence to prevent Harrison's election ; but
his triumph was signal.

The cabinet which he formed, with Daniel Webster
at its head as Secretary of State, was one of the most
brilliant with which any President had ever been
surrounded. Never were the prospects of an admin-
istration more flattering, or the hopes of the country
more sanguine. In the midst of these bright and
joyous prospects. Gen. Harrison was seized by a
pleurisv-fever and after a few days of violent sick-
ness, died on the 4th of April; just one month after
his inauguration as President of the United States. .

'l/KL

TENTIf PRESIDENT.

A OHN TYLER, the tenth
i.ja Presidentof the United States.
He was born in Charles-city
Co., Va., Marcli 29, 1790. He
was the favored child of af-
fluence and high social po-
sition. At the earl)' age of
twelve, John entered \Villiani
and Mary College and grad-
uated with much honor when
Init seventeen years old. After
graduating, he devoted him-
self with great assiduity to the
study of law, partly with his
father and p.irtly with Edmund
Randolph, one of the most distin-
guished lawyers of Virginia.

At nineteen years of age, ne
commenced the practice of law.
His success was rapid and aston-
ishing. It is said that three
months had not elapsed ere there
was scarcely a case on the dock-
et of the court in which he was
iiot retained. When but twenty-one vears of age, he
was almost unanimously elected to a seat in the State
L;giFlature. He connected himself with the Demo-
cratic party, and warmly advocated the measures of
Jefferson and Madison. For five successive years he
w.is elected to the Legislature, receiving nearly the
unanimous vote or his county.

When but twenty-six years of age, he was elected
a member of Congress. Here he acted earnestly and
alily with the Democratic party, o[iposing a national
bank, internal improvements by the General ^vern-

ment, a protective tariff, and advocatmg a strict con-
struction of the Constitution, and the most careful
vigilance over State rights. His labors in Congress
were so arduous that before the close of his second
term he found it necessary to resign and retire to his
estate in Charles-city Co., to recruit his health. He,
however, soon after consented to take his seat i]i the
State Legislature, where his influence was powerful
in promoting public works of great utility. With a
reputation thus canstantly increasing, he was chosen
by a very large majority of votes, Covernor of his
native State. His administration was signally a suc-
cessful one. His po[)ularity secured his re-election.

John Randolph, a brilliant, erratic, half-crazed
man, thtn represented Virginia in the Senate of the
United States. A portion of the Democratic party
was displeased with Mr. Randolph's wayward course,
and brought forward John Tyler as his opponent,
considering him the only man in Virginia of sufficient
popularity to succeed against the renowned orator of
Roanoke. Mr. Tyler was the victor.

\\\ accordance with his professions, upon taking his
seat in the Senate, he joined the ranks of the opposi-
tion. He opposed the tariff; he spoke against and
voted against the bank as unconstitutional ; he stren-
uously opposed all restrictions upon slavery, resist-
ing all projects of internal improvements Ijy the Gen-
eral Government, and avowed his sympathy with Mr.
Calhoun's view of nullification ; he declared that Gen.
Jackson, by liis opposition to the nullifiers, had
abandoned the piinciples of the Democratic party.
Such was Mr. Tyler's record in Congress, — a record
in perfect accordance with the principles wliich he
had always avowed.

Returning to Virginia, he resumed the practice of
his profession. There was a rplit in the Democratic

JOHN TYLER.

party. His friends still regarded him as a true Jef-
fersonian, gave him a dinner, and showered compli-
ments upon him. He had now attained the age of
forty-si.\. His career had been very brilliant. In con-
sequence of his devotion to public business, his pri-
vate affairs had fallen into some disorder; and it was
not without satisfaction that he resumed the practice
of law, and devoted himself to the culture of his plan-
tation. Soon after this he removed to Williamsburg,
for the better education of his children ; and he again
look his seat in the Legislature of Virginia.

By the Southern Whigs, he was sent to the national
convention at Harrisburg to nominate a President in
1839. The majoritv of votes were given to Gen. Har-
rison, a genuine Whig, much to the disappointment of
the South, who wished for Henry Clay. To concili-
ate the Southern Whigs and to secure their vote, the
convention then nominated John Tyler for Vice Pres-
ident. It was well known that he was not in sympa-
thy with the Whig party in the No:th: but the Vice
President has but very little power in the Govern-
ment, his main and almost only duty being to pre-
side over the meetings of the Senate. Thus it hap-
pened that a Whig President, and, in reality, a
Democratic Vice President were chosen.

In 1841, Ylx. Tyler was inaugurated Vice Presi-
dent of the United States. In one short month from
that time. President Harrison died, and Mr. Tyler
thus -cund himself, to his own surprise and that of
the whole Nation, an occupant of the Presidential
chair. This was a new test of the stability of our
institutions, as it was the first time in the history of our
country that such an event had occured. Mr. Tyler
was at home in Williamsburg when he received the
unexpected tidings of the death of President Harri-
son. He hastened to Washington, and on the 6th of
April was inaugurated to the high and responsible
office. He was placed in a position of exceeding
delicacy and difficulty. All his long life he had been
opposed tc the main principles of the party which had
brought him into power. He had ever been a con-
sistent, hone:t man, with an unblemished record.
Gen. Harrison had selected a Whig cabinet. Should
he retain them, and thus surround himself with coun-
sellors whose views were antagonistic to his own? or,
on the other hand, should he turn against the party
which had elected him and select a cabinet in har-
mony with himself, and which would oppose all those
views which the Whigs deemed essential to the pub-
lic welfare? This was his fearful dilemma. He in-
vited the cabinet which President Harrison had
selected to retain their seats. He reccommended a
day of fasting and prayer, that God would guide and
bless us.

The Wliigs carried through Congress a bill for the
incorporation of a fiscal bank of the United States.
The President, after ten days' delay, returned it with
his veto. He isuaaested, however, that he >vould

approve of a bill drawn up upon such a plan as he
proposed. Such a bill was accordingly prepared, and
privately submitted to him. He gave it his approval.
It was passed without alteration, and he sent it back
with his veto. Here commenced the open rupture.
It is said that Mr. Tyler was provoked to this meas-
ure by a published letter from the Hon. John M.
Botts, a distinguished Virginia Whig, who severely
touched the pride of the President.

The opposition now exultingly received the Presi-
dent into their arms. The party which elected him
denounced him bitterly. All the members of his
cabinet, excepting Mr. Webster, resigned. The Whigs
of Congress, both the Senate and the House, held a
meeting and issued an address to the people of the
United States, proclaiming that all political alliance
between the Whigs and President Tyler were at
an end.

Still the President attempted to conciliate. He
appointed a new cabmet of distinguished Whigs and
Conservatives, carefully leaving out all strong party
men. Mr. Webster soon found it necessaiy to resign,
forced out by the pressure of his Whig friends. Thus
the four years of Mr. Tyler's unfortunate administra-
tion passed sadly away. No one was satisfied. Tlie
land was filled with murmurs and vituperation. Whigs
and Democrats alike assailed him. More and more,
however, he brought himself into sympathy with his
old friends, the Democrats, until at the close of his term,
he gave his whole influence to the support of Mr.
Polk, the Democratic candidate for his successor.

On the 4th of March, 1845, he retired from the
harassm.ents of office, tothe regret of neither party, and
probably to his own unspeakable relief. His first wife,
Miss Letitia Christian, died in Washington, in 1842;
and in June, 1844, President Tyler was again married,
at New York, to Miss Julia Gardiner, a young lady of
many personal and intellectual accomplishments.

The remainder of his days Mr. Tyler jiassed mainly
in retirement at his beautiful home, — Sherwood For-
est, Charles-city Co., Va. A polished gentleman in
his manners, richly furnished with mformation from
books and experience in the world, and possessing
brilliant powers of conversation, his family circle was
the scene of unnsual attractions. With sufficient
means for the exercise of a generous hospitality, he
might have enjoyed a serene old age with the few
friends who gathered around him, were it not for the
storms of civil war which his own principles and
jxjlicy had helped to introduce.

When the great Rebellion rose, which the State-
rights and nullifying doctrines of Mr. John C. Cal-
houn had inaugurated. President Tyler renounced his
allegiance to the United States, and joined the Confed-
erates. He was chosen a member of their Congress;
and while engaged in active measures to destroy, b"
force of arms,- the Government over which he had
once presided, he was taken sick and soon died.

.jC

ELE VEN Til PRESIDE N 7 '.

JAMES K. FOIK. ^

^'.^:.,^

(s)

■i:^

ll AMES K.POLK, the eleventh
'jk President of the United States,
# was born in Mecklenburg Co.,
/j N. C, Nov. 2, 1795. His par-
^ ents were Samuel and Jane
(Kno.x) Polk, the former a son
of Col. Thomas Polk, who located
at the above place, as one of the
first pioneers, in 1735.

In the year 1S06, with his wife
and children, and soon after fol-
lowed by most of the members of
the Polk farnly, Samuel Polk emi-
grated some two or three hundred
miles farther west, to the rich valley
of the Duck River. Here in tiie
midst of the wilderness, in a region
which was subsequently called Mau-
ry Co., they reared their log huts,
and established their homes. In the
hard toil of a new farm in the wil-
derness, James K. Polk spent the
early years of his childhood and
youth. His father, adding the pur-
suit of a surveyor to that of a farmer,
' gradually increased in wealth until

he became one of the leading men of the region. His
mother was a superior woman, of strong common
sense and earnest piety.

Very early in life, James developed a taste for
leading and e.xpressed the strongest desire to obtain
a liberal education. His mother's training had made
him methodical in his habits, had taught him punct-
uality and industry, and had inspired him with lofty
principles of morality. His health was frail ; and his
father, fearing that he might not be able to endure a

sedentary life, got a situation for him behind the
counter, hoping to fit him for commercial pursuits.

This was to James a bitter disappointment. He
had no taste for these duties, and his daily tasks
were irksome in the e.xtreme. He remained in this
uncongenial occupation but a few weeks, when at his
earnest solicitation his father removed him, and made
arrangements for him to prosecute his studies. Soon
after he sent him to Murfreesboro Academy. \V'ith
ardor which could scarcely be surpassed, he pressed
forward in his studies, and in less than two and a half
years, in the autumn of 1S15, entered the sophonwre
class in the University of North Carolina, at Chapel
Hill. Here he was one of the most e.xemplaty of
scholars, punctual in every exercise, never allowing
himself to be absent from a recitation or a religious
service.

He graduated in 18 18, with the highest honors, be*
ing deemed the best scholar of his class, both in
mathematics and the classics. He was then twenty-
three years of age. Mr. Polk's health was at thi?
time much impaired by the assiduity with which he
had prosecuted his studies. After a short season of
rela.\ation he went to Nashville, and entered the
office of Feli.x Grundy, to study law. Here Mr. Polli
renewed his acquaintance with Andrew Jackson, who
resided on his plantation, the Hermitage, Init a few
miles from Nashville. They had [jrobably beci
slightly acquainted before.

Mr. Polk's father was a Jeffersonian Republican.
and James K. Polk ever adhered to the same politi-
cal faith. He was a popular public speaker, and w;;s
constantly called upon to address the meetings of his
party friends. His skill as a speaker was such th.-.t
he was popularly called the Napoleon of the stump.
He was a man of unblemished morals, genial ard

/AMES K. POLK.

:ourterus in his bearing, and with that sympathetic
nature in the jo) s and griefs of others which ever gave
him troops of friends. In 1823, IMr. Polk was elected
to the Legislature of Tennessee. Here he gave his
strong influence towards the election of his friend,
Mr. Jackson, to the Presidency of the United States.

In January, 1824, Mr. Polk married Miss Sarah
Childress, of Rutherford Co., Tenn. His bride was
altogether worthy of him, — a lady of beauty and cul-
ture. In the fall of 1825, Mr. Polk was chosen a
member of Congress. The satisfaction which he gave
to his constituents may be inferred from the fact, that
for fourteen successive years, until 1839, he was con-
tinue(/ in that office". He then voluntarily withdrew,
only that he might accept the Gubernatorial chair
of I'^nnessee. In Congress he was a laborious
member, a frequent and a popular speaker. He was
always in his seat, always courteous ; and whenever
he spoke it was always to the point, and without any
ambitious rhetorical display.

During five sessions of Congress, Mr. Polk was
Speaker of the House Strong passions were roused,
and stormy scenes were witnessed ; but Mr Polk per-
formed his arduous duties to a very general satisfac-
tion, and a unanimous vote of thanks to him was
passed by the House as he withdrew on the 4th of
March, 1839.

In accordance with Southern usage, Mr. Polk, as a
candidate for Governor, canvassed the State. He was
elected by a large majority, and on the 1 4th of Octo-
ber, 1839, took the oath of office at Nashville. In 1841,
his term of office expired, and he was again the can-
didate of the Democratic party, but was defeated.

On the 4th of March, 1845, Mr. Polk was inaugur-
ated President of the United States. The verdict of
the country in favor of the annexation of Texas, exerted
its influence upon Congress ; and the last act of the
administration of President Tyler was to affix his sig-
nature to a joint resolution of Congress, passed on the
3d of March, approving of the annexation of Texas to
the American Union. As Mexico still claimed Texas
as one of her provinces, the Mexican minister,
Almonte, immediately demanded his passports and
left the country, declaring the act of the annexation
to be an act hostile to Mexico.

In his first message. President Polk urged that
Texas should immediately, by act of Congress, be re-
ceived into the Union on the same footing with the
other States. In the meantime. Gen. Taylor was sent

with an army into Texas to hold the countrj'. He was
sent first to Nueces, which the Mexicans said was the
western boundary of Texas. Then he was sent nearly
two hundred miles further west, to the Rio Grande,
where he erected batteries- which commanded the
Mexican city of Matamoras, which was situated on
the western banks.

The anticipated collision soon took place, and wa:
was declared against Mexico by President Polk. The
war was pushed forward by Mr. Polk's administration
with great vigor. Gen. Taylor, whose army was first
called one of "observation," then of "occupation,"
then of "invasion, "was sent forward to Monterey. The
feeble Mexicans, in every encounter, were hopelessly
and awfully slaughtered. The day of judgement
alone can reveal the misery which this war caused.
It v.'as by the ingenuity of Mr. Polk's administration
that the war was brought on.

'To the victors belong the spoils." Mexico was
prostrate before us. Her capital was in our hands
A\'e now consented to peace upon the condition that
Mexico should surrender to us, in addition to Texas,
all of New Mexico, and all of Upper and Lower Cal-
ifornia. This new demand embraced, e.\clusive of
Texas, eight hundred thousand square miles. This
was an extent of territory equal to nine States of the
size of New York, Thus slavery was securing eighteen
majestic States to be added to the Union. There were
some Americans who thought it all right : there were
others who thought it all wrong. In the prosecution
of this war, we expended twenty thousand lives and
more than a hundred million of dollars. Of this
money fifteen millions were paid to Mexico.

On the 3d of Jilarch, 1849, Mr. Polk retired from
office, having served one term. The next day was
Sunday. On the 5th, Gen. Taylor was inaugurated
as his successor. Mr Polk rode to the Capitol in the
same carriage with Gen. Taylor; and the same even-
ing, with Mrs. Polk, he commenced his return to
Tennessee. He was then but fifty-four years of age.
He had ever been strictly temperate in all his habits,
and his health was good \\'ith an ample fortune,
a choice library, a cultivated mind, and domestic ties
of the dearest nature, it seemed as though long years
of tranquility and happiness were before him. But the
cholera — that fearful scourge — was then sweeping up
the Valley of the Mississijjpi. This he contracted,
and died on the 15th of June, 1849, in the fifty-fourth
year of his age, greatly mourned by his countrymen.

ViV-

TWELFTH PRESIDENT.

. ACHARY TAYLOR, twdith
®) President of the United States,
-'■^was born on the 2 4tli of Nov.,
1784, in Orange Co., Va. His
father. Colonel Taylor, was
a Virginian of note, and a dis-
tinguished patriot and soldier of
the Revolution. When Zachary
was an infant, his father with his
wife and two children, emigrated
to Kentucky, where he settled in
the pathless wilderness, a few
miles from Louisville. In this front-
'SIiK' ier home, away from civilization and
all its refinements, young Zachary
could enjoy but few social and educational advan-
tages. When six years of age he attended a common
school, and was then regarded as a bright, active boy,
rather remarkable for bluntness and decision of char-
acter He was strong, feailess and self-reliant, and
•manifested a strong desire to enter the army to fight
the Indians who were ravaging the frontiers. There
is little to be recorded of the uneventful years of his
childhood on his father's large but lonely plantation.
In 1S08, his father succeeded in obtaining for him
the commission of lieutenant in the United States
army ; and lie joined the troops which were stationed
at New Orleans under Gen. Wilkinson. Soon after
this he married Miss Margaret Smith, a young lady
from one of the first families of i\Iaryland.

Immediately after the declaration of war with Eng-
land, in 1S12, Capt. Taylor (for he had then been
promoted to that rank) was put in command of Fort
Harrison, on the Wabash, about fifty miles above
Vincennes. This fort had been built in the wilder-
ness by Gen. Harrison, on his march to Tippecanoe.
It was one of the first points of attack by the Indians,
■cd by Tecumseh. Its garrison consisted of a broken

company of infantry numbering fifty men, many of
whom were sick.

Early in the autumn of 1812, the Indians, stealthily,
and in large numbers, moved upon the fort. The.r
approach was first indicated by the murder of two
soldiers just outside of the stockade. Capt. Taylor
made every possible preparation to meet the antici-
pated assault. On the 4th of September, a band of
forty painted and plumed savages came to the fort,
waving a white flag, and informed Capt. Taylor that
in the morning their chief would come to have a talk
with him. It was evident that their object was merely
to ascertain the state of things at the fort, and Capt.
Taylor, well versed in the wiles of the savages, kept
them at a distance.

The sun went down; the savages disappeared, the
garrison slept upon their arms. One hour before
midnight the war whoop biurst from a thousand lips
in the forest around, followed by the discharge of
musketry, and the rush of the foe. Every man, sick
and well, sprang to his post. Every man knew that
defeat was not merely death, but in the case of cap-
ture, death by the rnost agonizing and prolonged tor-
ture. No pen can describe, no immagination can
conceive the scenes which ensued. The savages suc-
ceeded in setting fire to one of the block-houses-
Until si.\ o'clock in the morning, this awful conflict
continued. The savages then, baffled at every point,
and gnashing their teeth with rage, retired. Capt.
Taylor, for this gallant defence, was promoted to the
rank of major by brevet.

Until the close of the war, MajorTaylor was placed
in such situations that he saw but little more of active
service. He was sent far away into the depths of the
wilderness, to Fort Crawford, on Fox River, which
empties into Green Bay. Here there was but little
to be done Init to wear away the tedious hours as one
best could. There were no books, no society, no in-

ZACHARY TAYLOR

tellectual stimulus. Thus with him the uneventful
years rolled on Gradually he rose to the rank of
colonel. In the Black-Hawk war, which resulted in
the capture of that renowned chieftain, Col Taylor
took a subordinate but a brave and efficient part.

For twenty-four years Col. Taylor was engaged in
the defence of the frontiers, in scenes so remote, and in
employments so obscure, that his name was unknown
beyond the limits of his own immediate acquaintance.
In the year 1836, he was sent to Florida to com]jel
the Seminole Indians to vacate that region and re-
tire beyond the Mississippi, as their chiefs by treaty,
hac' promised they should do. The services rendered
he.e secured for Col. Taylor the high appreciation of
the Government; and as a reward, he was elevated
tc ;he rank of brigadier-general by brevet ; and soon
after, in May, 1838, was appointed to the chief com-
mand of the United States troops in Florida.

After two years of such wearisome employment
amidst the everglades of the peninsula. Gen. Taylor
obtained, at his own request, a change of command,
:.nd was stationed over the Department of the South-
west. This field embraced Louisiana, Mississippi,
Alabama and Georgia. Establishing his headquarters
at Fort Jessup, in Louisiana, he removed his family
to a plantation which he purchased, near Baton Rogue.
Here he remained for five years, buried, as it were,
from the world, but faithfully discharging every duty
imposed upon him.

In 1846, Gen. Taylor was sent to guard the land
between the Nueces and Rio Grande, the latter river
being the boundary of Texas, which was then claimed
by the United States. Soon the war with Mexico
was brought on, and at Palo Alto and Resaca de la
Palma, Gen. Taylor won brilliant victories over the
Mexicans. The rank of major-general by brevet
was then conferred upon Gen. Taylor, and his name
was received with enthusiasm almost everywhere in
the Nation. Then came the battles of Monterey and
Buena Vista in which he won signal victories over
forces much larger than he commanded.

His careless habits of dress and his unaffected
simplicity, secured for Gen. Taylor among his troops,
i\m sobriquet of "Old Rough and Ready.'

Tlie tidings of the brilliant victory of Buena Vista
■pread the wildest enthusiasm over the country. The
name of Gen. Taylor was on every one's lips. The
Whig party decided to take advantage of this wonder-
ful popularity in bringing forward the unpolished, un-
lettered, honest soldier as their candidate for the
Presidency. Gen. Taylor was astonished at the an-
nouncement, and for a time would not listen to it; de-
claring that he was not at all qualified for such an
office. So little interest had he taken in jiolitics that,
for forty years, he had not cast a vote. It was not
without chagrin that several distinguished statesmen
who had been long years in the public ser\'ice found
*!.iir claims set aside in behalf of one whose name

had never been heard of, save in connection with Palo
Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey and Buena
Vista. It is said that Daniel M'ebster, in his haste re-
marked, " It is a nomination not fit to be made."

Gen. Taylor was not an eloquent speaker nor a fine
writer His friends took possession of him, and pre-
pared such few communications as it was needful
should be presented to the public. The popularity of
the successful warrior swept the land. He was tri-
umphantly elected over two opposing candidates, —
Gen. Cass and E.K-President Martin Van Buren.
Though he selected an excellent cabinet, the good
old man found himself in a very uncongenial position,
and was, at times, sorely perplexed and harassed.
His mental sufferings were very severe, and probably
tended to hasten his death. The pro-slavery party
was pushing its claims with tireless energy , expedi-
tions were fitting out to capture Cuba ; California was
pleading for admission to the Union, while slaveiy
stood at the door to bar her out. Gen. Taylor found
the political conflicts in Washington to be far more
trying to the nerves than battles with Mexicans or
Indians.

In the midst of all these troubles, Gen. Taylor,
after he had occupied the Presidential chair but little
over a year, took cold, and after a brief sickness of
but little over five days, died on the 9th of July, 1850.
His last words were, " I am not afraid to die. I am
ready. I have endeavored to do my duty." He died
universally respected and beloved. An honest, un-
pretending man, he had been steadily growing in the
affections of the people; and the Nation bitterly la-
mented his death.

Gen. Scott, who was thoioughly acquainted with
Gen. Taylor, gave the following graphic and truthful
description of his character: — " With a good store of
common sense. Gen. Taylor's mind had not been en-
larged and refreshed by reading, or much converse
with the world. Rigidity of ideas was the conse-
quence. The frontiers and small military jx)sts had
been his home. Hence he was quite ignorant for his
rank, and quite bigoted in his ignorance. His sim-
plicity was child-like, and with innumerable preju-
dices, amusing and incorrigible, well suited to the
tender age. Thus, if a man, however respectable,
chanced to wear a coat of an unusual color, or his hal
a little on one side of his head; or an officer to leave
a corner of his handkerchief dangling from an out-
side pocket, — in any such case, this critic held the
offender to be a coxcomb (perhaps something worse),
whom he would not, to use his oft repeated i)hrase,
'touch with a pair of tongs.'

"Any allusion to literature beyond good old Dil-
worth's spelling-book, on the part of one wearing a
sword, was evidence, with the same judge, of utter
unfitness for heavy marchings and combats. In shorf
few men have ever had a more comfortable, laboi-
saving contempt for learning of every kind."

i-t^</s <y ^

THIRTEENTH PRESIDENT.

^'MILLflRn FILLMnHE.'

$;;C$««#;;ce*s«$x^^S:S*-sis-»&*;;C$'S'S7&#*A$*-SK$>i<*;K$'4^;K$'S>$;^^^^

_g_^

ILLARD FILLMORE, thir-
tceiith President ofthe LInited
' States, was born at Summer
Hill, Cayuga Co., N. Y ., on
the yth of January, iSoo. His
father was a farmer, and ow-
ing to misfortune, in humble cir-
cumstances. Of his mother, tlic
daughter of Dr. Abiathar Millard,
of Pittsfield, Mass., it has been
said that she possessed an intellect
of very high order, united with much
personal loveliness, sweetness of dis-
position, graceful manners and ex-
(piisite sensibilities. She died in
1831 ; having lived to see her son a
young man of distinguished proni-
;be, though she was not permitted to witness the high
dignity which he finally attained.

In consequence of the secluded home and limited
iTieans of his father, Millard enjoyed but slender ad-
vantages for education in his early years. The com-
mon r.chools, which lie occasionally attended were
very imperfect nistitutions; and books were scarce
r.nd expensive. There was nothing then in his char-
acter to indicate the brilliant career upon which he
was about to enter. He was a plain farmer's boy;
intelligent, good-looking, kind-hearted. The sacred
influences of home had taught him to revere the Bible,
aid had laid the foundations of ai\ upright character.
When fourteen years of age, his father sent him
some hundred miles from home, to the then wilds of
Livingston County, to learn the trade of a clothier.
Near the mill there was a small villiage, where some

enterprising man' had commenced the collection of a
village library. This jiroved an inestimable blessing
to young Fillmore. His evenings were spent in read-
ing. Soon every leisure moment was occupied with
books. His thirst for knowledge became insatiate
and the selections which he made were continually
more elevating and instructive. He read history,
biography, oratory, and thus gradually there was en-
kindled in his heart a desire to be something more
than a mere worker with his hands; and he was be-
coming, almost unknown to himself, a well-informed,
educated man.

The young clothier had now attained the age of
nineteen years, and was of fine personal appearance
and of gentlemanly demeanor. It so happened tha'
there was a gentleman in the neighborhood of ample
pecuniary means and of benevolence, — Judge ^Valte^
AVood, — who was struck with the prepossessing ap-
pearance of young Fillmore. He made his acquaint-
ance, and was so much impressed with his ability and
■attainments that he advised him to abandon his
trade and devote himself to the study of the law. Tlie
young man replied, that he had no means of his own,
no friends to help him and that his previous educa-
tion had been very imperfect. But Judge AVood had
so much confidence in him that he kindly offered to
take liim into his own office, and to loan him such
money as he needed. Most gratefully the generous
offer was accepted.

There is in many minds a strange delusion abou':
a collegiate education. A young man is supposed to
be liberally educated if he has graduated at some col-
lege. But many a boy loiters through university Ii.tII-
Hnd then enters a law office, who is by no meaas as

MILLARD FILLMORE.

well prepared to prosecute his legal studies as was
Millard Fillmore when he graduated at the clothing-
mill at the end of four years of manual labor, during
which every leisure moment had been devoted to in-
tense mental culture.

In 1S23, when twenty-three years of age, he v/as
admitted to the Court of Common Pleas. He then
went to the village of Aurora, and commenced the
practice of law. In this secluded, peaceful region,
his practice of course was limited, and there was no
opportunity for a sudden rise in fortune or in fame.
Here, in the year 1826, he married a lady of great
moral worth, and one capable of adorning any station
she might be called to fill, — Miss Abigail Powers.

His elevation of character, his untiring industrj',
his legal acquirements, and his skill as an advocate,
gradually attracted attention ; and he was invited to
enter into partnership under highly advantageous
circumstances, with an elder member of the bar in
Buffalo. Just before removing to Buffalo, in 1S29,
he took his seat in the House of Assembly, of the
State of New York, as a representative from Erie
County. Though he liad never taken a very active
part in politics, his vote and his sympathies were with
the AVhig party. The State was then Democratic,
and he found himself in a helpless minority in the
Legislature , still the testimony comes from all parties,
that his courtesy, ability and integrity, won, to a very
unusual dcgri e the respect of his associates.

In the autu-mn of 1832, he was elected to a seat in
the United States Congress He entered that troubled
irena in some of the most tumultuous hours of our
national history. The great conflict respecting the
national bank and the removal of the deposits, was
then raging.

His term of two years closed ; and he returned to
his profession, which he pursued with increasing rep-
utation and success. After a lapse of two years
lie again became a candidate for Congress ; was re-
elected, and took his seat in 1S37. His past expe-
rience as a representative gave hmi stiength and
• confidence. The first term of service in Congress to
any man can be but little more than an introduction.
He was now prepared for active duty. All his ener-
gies were brought to bear upon the public good. Every
measure received liis impress.

Mr. Fillmore was now a man of wide repute, and
his popularity filled the Slate, and in the year 1847,
he was elected Comptroller of the State.

Mr. Fillmore had attained the age of forty-seven
years. His labors at the bar, in the Legislature, in
Congress and as Comptroller, had given him very con-
siderable fame. The Whigs were casting about to
find suitable candidates for President and Vice-Presi-
dent at the approaching election. Far away, on the
waters of the Rio Grande, there was a rough old
soldier, who had fought one or two successful battles
with the Mexicans, which had caused his name to be
proclaimed in tiumpet-tones all over the land. But
it was netessary to associate with him on the same
ticket some man of reputation as a statesman.

Under the influence of these considerations, the
namesof Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore became
the rallying-cry of the Whigs, as their candidates for
President and Vice-Peesident. The Whig ticket was
signally triumphant. On the 4th of March, 1849,
Gen. Taylor was inaugurated President, and Millard
Fillmore Vice-President, of the United States.

On the 9th of July, 1850, President Taylor, but
about one year and four months after his inaugura-
tion, was suddenly taken sick and died. By the Con-
stitution, Vice-President Fillmore thus became Presi-
dent. He apiwinted a very able cabinet, of which
the illustrious Daniel Webster was Secretary of State.

Mr. Fillmore had very serious difficulties to contend
with, since the opposition had a majority in both
Houses. He did everything in his power to conciliate
the South ; but the pro-slavery party in the .South felt
the inadequacy of all measuresof transient conciliation.
The population of the free States was so rapidly in-
creasing over that of the slave States that it was in-
evitable that the power of the Government should
soon pass into the hands of the free States. The
famous compromise measures were adopted under Mr.
Fillmore's adminstration, and the Japan Ex|iedition
was sent out. On the 4th of March, 1853, Mr. Fill-
more, having served one term, retired.

In 1856, Mr. Fillmore was nominated for the Pres-
idency by the " Know Nothing " party, but was beaten
by Mr. Buchanan. After that Mr. Fillmore lived in
retirement. During the terrible conflict of civil war,
he was mostly silent. It was generally supposed that
his sympathies were ratlier with those who were en-
deavoring to overthrow our institutions. President
Fillmore kept aloof from the conflict, without any
cordial words of cheer to the one party or the other.
He was thus forgotten liy both. He lived to a ripe
old age, and died in Buffalo. N. Y., March 8, 1874.

FOURTEENTH PRESIDENT.

-^^»fei- ^"FRANKLIN FIERCE.-^^ -#prfi^>,.

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RANKLIN PIERCE, the;
fourteenth President of the
f United States, was born in
Hillsborough, N. H., Nov.
23, 1804. His father was a
Revolutionary soldier, who,
with his own strong arm,
hewed out a home in the
wilderness. He was a man
of infle-xible integrity; of
strong, though uncultivated
mind, and an uncom[)romis-
ing Democrat. The mother of
Franklin Pierce was all that a son
could desire, — an intelligent, pru-
dent, affectionate, Christian wom-
an. Franklin was the si.xth of eight children.

Franklin was a very bright and handsome boy, gen-
erous, warm-hearted and brave. He won alike the
love of old and young. The boys on the play ground
loved him. His teachers loved him. The neighbors
looked upon him with isride and affection. He was
by instinct a gentleman; always speaking kind words,
doing kind deeds, with a peculiar unstudied tact
which taught him what was agreeable. Without de-
veloping any precocity of genius, or any unnatural
devotion to books, he was a good scholar; in body,
in mind, in affections, a finely-developed boy.

When si.xteen years of age, in the year 1820, he
entered Bowdoin College, at Brunswick, Me He was
one of the most popular young men in the college.
The purity of his moral character, the unvarying
courtesy of his demeanor, his rank as a scholar, and

genial nature, rendered him a universal favorite.
There was something very peculiarly winning in his
address, and it was evidently not in the slightest de-
gree studied : it was the simple outgushing of his
own magnanimous and loving nature.

Upon graduating, in the year 1824, Franklin Pierce
commenced the study of law in the office of Judge
Woodbury, one of the most distinguished lawyers of
the State, and a man of great private worth. The
eminent social qualities of the young lawyer, his
father's prominence as a public man, and the brilliant
political career into which Judge Woodbury was en-
tering, all tended to entice Mr. Pierce into the faci-
nating yet perilous path of political life. With all
the ardor of his nature he espoused the cause of Gen.
Jackson for the Presidency. He commenced the
practice of law in Hillsborough, and was soon elected
to represent the town in the State Legislature. Here
he served for four yeats. The last two years he was
chosen speaker of the house by a very large vote.

In 1833, at the age of twenty-nine, he was elected
a member of Congress. ^Vithout taking an active
part in debates, he was faithful and laborious in duty,
and ever rising in the estimation of those with whom
he was associatad.

In r837, being then but thirty-three years of age,
he was elected to the Senate of the United States;
taking his seat just as Mr. Van Buren commenced
his administration. He was the youngest member in
the Senate. In the year 1834, he married Miss Jane
Means Appleton, a lady of rare beauty and accom-
plishments, and one admirably fitted to adorn every
station with which her husband was honored. Of the

FRANKLIN PIERCE.

three sons who were born to them, all now sleep with
their parents in the grave.

In the year 1838, Mr. Pierce, with growing fame
and increasing business as a lawyer, took up his
residence in Concord, the capital of New Hampshire.
President Polk, upon his accession to office, appointed
Mr. Pierce attorney-general of the United States; but
the offer was declined, in consequence of numerous
professional engagements at home, and the precariuos
state of Mrs. Pierce's health. Fie also, about the
same time declined the nomination for governor by the
Democratic party. The war with Mexico called Mr.
Pierce in the army. Receiving the appointment of
brigadier-general, he embarked, with a portion of his
troops, at Newport, R. I., on the 27th of May, 1847.
He took an important part in this war, proving him-
self a brave and true soldier.

When Gen. Pierce reached his home in his native
State, he was received enthusiastically by the advo-
cates of the Mexican war, and coldly by his oppo-
nents. He resumed the practice of his profession,
very frequently taking an active part in political ques-
tions, giving his cordial support to the pro-slavery
wing of the Democratic party. The compromise
measures met cordially with his approval ; and he
strenuously advocated the enforcement of the infa-
mous fugitive-slave law, which so shocked the religious
sensibilities of the North. He thus became distin-
guished as a "Northern man with Southern principles.''
The strong partisans of slavery in the South conse-
quently regarded him as a man whom they could
safely trust in office to carry out their plans.

On the 1 2th of June, 1852, the Democratic conven-
tion met in Baltimore to nominate a candidate for the
Presidency. For four days they continued in session,
and in thirty-five ballotings no one had obtained a
two-thirds vote. Not a vote thus far had been thrown
■ for Gen. Pierce. Then the Virginia delegation
brought forward his name. There were fourteen
more ballotings, during which Gen. Pierce constantly
gained strength, until, at the forty-ninth ballot, he
received two hundred and eighty-two votes, and all
other candidates eleven. Gen. Winfield Scott was
the Whig candidate. Gen. Pierce was chosen with
great unanimity. Only four States — Vermont, Mas-
sachusetts, Kentucky and Tennessee — cast their
electoral votes against him Gen. Franklin Pieice
was therefore inaugurated President of the United
States on the 4th of March, 1853.

His administration proved one of the most stormy our
country had ever experienced. The controversy be-
tween slavery and freedom was then approaching its
culminating point. It became evident that there was
an " irrepressible conflict" between them, and that
this Nation could not long e.xist " half slave and half
free." President Pierce, during the whole of his ad-
ministration, did every thing he could to conciliate
the South ; but it was all in vain. The conflict every
year grew more violent, and threats of the dissolution
of the Union were borne to the North on every South-
ern breeze.

Such was the condition of affairs when President
Pierce approached the close of his four-years' term
of office. The North had become thoroughly alien-
ated from him. The anti-slaverj' sentiment, goaded
by great outrages, had been rapidly increasing; all
the intellectual ability and social worth of President
Pierce were forgotten in deep reprehension of his ad-
ministrative acts. The slaveholders of the South, also,
unmindful of the fidelity with which he had advo-
cated those measures of Government which they ap-
proved, and perhaps, also, feeling that he had
rendered himself so unpopular as no longer to be
able acceptably to serve them, ungratefully dropped
him, and nominated James Buchanan to succeed him.

On the 4th of March, 1S57, President Pierce re-
tired to his home in Concord. Of three children, two
had died, and his only svirviving child had been
killed before his eyes by a railroad accident ; and his
wife, one of the most estimable and accomplished of
ladies, was rapidly sinking in consumption. The
hour of dreadful gloom soon came, and he was left
alone in the world, without wife or child.

When the terrible Rebellion burst forth, which di-
vided our country into two parties, and two only, Mr.
Pierce remained steadfast in the principles which he
had always cherished, and gave his sympathies to
that pro-slaver)' party with which he had ever been
allied. He declined to do anything, either by voice
or pen, to strengthen the hand of the National Gov-
ernment. He continued to reside in Concord until
the time of his death, which occurred in October,
1869. He was one of the most genial and social of
men, an honored communicant of the Episcopal
Church, and one of the kindest of neighbors. Gen-
erous to a fault, he contributed liberally for the al-
leviation of suffering and want, and many of his towns-
people were often gladened by his material bounty.

(2y77z^_J aWu^-^^z/p2.€^.^^f/P

I'lFTEENTH PRESIDENT.

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BUBifiaa

i^c!.^i^<ss?<:^i^es?^>i^<i^<^^i?^ ^ ylv/

AMES BUCHANAN, the fif-
teenth President of the United
States, was born in a small
frontier town, at the foot of the
eastern ridge of the Allegha-
nies, ill Franklin Co., Penn., on
23dofA])ril, 1791. The j'lace
where the humble cabin of his
ither sti'od was called Stony
ISatter. It was a wild and ro-
mantic spot in a gorge of the moun-
tains, witli towering summits rising
grandly all around. His father
was a :;ative of the north of Ireland ;
a poor man, who had emigrated in
with little property save his
own strong arms. Five years afterwards he married
Elizabeth Spear, the daughter of a respectable farmer,
and, with his young bride, plunged into the wilder-
ness, staked his claim, reared his log-hut, opened a
clearing with his axe, and settled down there to per-
form liis obscure part in the drama of life. In this se-
cluded home, where James was born, he remained
for eight years, enjoying but few social or intellectual
ailvantagi s. When James was eight years of age, his
father removed to the village of Mercersburg, where
his son was placed at school, and commenced a
course of study in English, Latin and Greek. His
progress was rapid, and at the age of fourteen, he
entered Dickinson College, at Carlisle. Here he de-
veloped remarkable talent, and took his stand among
the first scholars in the institution. His application
to study was intense, and yet his native powers en-

abled him to master the most abstruse subjects with
facility.

In the year 1809, he graduated with the highest
honors of his class. He was then eighteen years of
age; tall and graceful, vigorous in health, fond of
athletic sport, an unerring shot, and enlivened with
an exuberant flow of animal spirits. He immediately
commenced the study of law in the city of Lancaster,
and was admitted to the bar in 1812, when he was
but twenty-one years of age. Very rapidly he rose
in his profession, and at once took undisputed stand
with the ablest lawyers of the State. When but
twenty-six years of age, unaided by counsel, he suc-
cessfully defended before tlie State Senate ore of the
judges of the State, who was tried upon articles of
impeachment. At the age of thirty it was generally
admitted that he stood at the head of the bar; and
there was no lawyer in the State who had a more lu-
crative practice.

In 1820, he reluctantly consented to run as a
candidate for Congress. He was elected, and for
ten years he remained a member of the Lower House.
Daring the vacations of Congress, he occasionally
tried some important case. In 1831, he retired
altogether from the toils of his profession, having ac-
quired an ample fortune.

Gen. Jackson, upon his elevation to the Presidency,
appointed Mr. Buchanan minister to Russia. The
duties of his mission he performed with ability, which
gave satisfaction to all parties. Upon his return, in
1833, he was elected to a seat in the United States
Senate. He there met, as his associates, V.'ebster,
Clay, Wright and Calhoun. He advocated th.e meas-
ures proposed by President Jackson, of m ik/ng repn-

JAMES BUCHANAN.

suls a^.iiiist Fiance, to enforce the payment of our
claims .ig.iiii.it that country; and defended the course
of tne i-'ccsident in his unprecedented and wholesale
rem jval from office of those who were not the sup-
porters of his administration. Upon this question he
was brought into direct collision with Henry Clay.
He also, with voice and vote, advocated expunging
from the journal of the Senate the vote of censure
against Gen. Jackson for removing the deposits.
Earnestly he opposed the abolition of slavery in the
District of Columbia, and urged the prohibition of the
circulation of anti-slavery documents by the United
States mails.

As to petitions on tlie subject of slavery, he advo-
cated that they should be respectfully received; and
that the reply should be returned, that Congress had
no ix)wer to legislate upon the subject. " Congress,"
said he, "might as well undertake to interfere with
slavery under a foreign government as in any of the
States where it now exists."

Upon Mr. Polk's accession to the Presidency, Mr.
Buchanan became Secretary of State, and as such,
took his share of the responsibility in the conduct of
the Mexican War. Mr. Polk assumed that crossing
the Nueces by the American troops into the disputed
!errito:y was not wrong, but for the Me.xicans to cross
the Rio Grande into that territory was a declaration
of war. No candid man can read with pleasure the
account of the course our Government pursued in that
movement

Mr. Biichanan identified himself thoroughly w^ith
the party devoted to the p;>rpetuation and extension
of slavery, and brought all the energies of his mind
to bear agdinst the Wilmot Proviso. He gave his
cordial approval to the compromise measures of 1S50,
which included the fugitive-slave law. Mr. Pierce,
u;:on his election to the Presidency, honored Mr.
Buchanan with the mission to England.

In the year 1856, a national Democratic conven-
tion nouiinated Mr. Buchanan forthe Presidency. The
political conflict was one of the most severe in which
oir country has ever engaged. All the friends of
^l;^very were on one side ; all the advocates of its re-
striction arid final abolition, on the other. Mr. Fre-
mont, the candidate of the enemies of slavery, re-
•eived 114 electoral votes. Mr. Buchanan received
174, and was elected. The popular vote stood
1,340,618, for Fremont, t, 224,750 for Buchanan. On
March 4th, 1857, Mr. Buchanan was inaugurated.

Mr. Buchanan was far advanced in life. Only four
-rears were wanting to fill up his threescore years and
ten. His own friends, those with whom he had been
allied in political principles and action for years, were
S'iiking the destruction of the Government, that they
might rear upon the ruins of our free institutions a
nation whose corner-stone should be human slavery,
[n this emergencv. Mr. Buchanan was hopelessly be-
wildered He could not, with his long-avowed prin-

ciples, consistently oppose the State-rights party in
their assumptions. As President of the United States,
bound by his oath faithfully to. administer the laws
he could not, without perjury of the grossest kind,
unite with those endeavoring to overthrow the repub-
lic. He therefore did nothing.

The opponents of Mr. Buchanan's administration
nominated Abraham Lincoln as their standard bearer
in the next I'residential canvass. The pro-slavery
party declared, that if he were elected, and the con-
trol of the Government were thus taken from their
hands, they would secede from the Union, taking
with them, as they retired, the National Capitol at
Washington, and the lion's share of the territory of
the United States.

Mr. Buchanan's sympathy with the pro-slavery
party was such, that he had been willing to ofTerthem
far more than they had ventured to claim. All the
South had professed to ask of the North was non-
intervention upon the subject of slavery-. Mr. Bu-
chanan had been ready to offer them the active co-
operation of the Government to defend and extend
the institution.

As the storm increased in violence, the slaveholders
claiming the right to secede, and Mr. Buchanan avow-
ing that Congress had no power to prevent it, one of
the most pitiable exhibitions of governmental im-
becility was exhibited the world has ever seen. He
declared that Congress had no power to enforce its
laws in any State which had withdrawn, or which
was attempting to withdraw from the Union. This
was not the doctrine of Andrew Jackson, when, with
his hand upon his sword hilt, he exclaimed, "The
Union must and shall be preserved I"

South Carolina seceded in December, 1S60; nearly
three months before the inauguration of President
Lincoln. Mr. Buchanan looked on in listless despair.
The rebel flag was raised in Charleston; Fort Sumpter
was besieged; our forts, navy-yards and arsenals
were seized; our depots of military stores were iiluii-
dered ; and our custom-houses and jxist-ofifices were
appropriated by the reliels.

The energy of the rebels, and the imbecility of our
Executive, were alike marvelous. The Nation looked
on in agony, waiting for the slow weeks to glide away,
and close the administration, so terrible in its weak-
ness At length the long-looked-for hour of deliver-
ance came, when Abraham Lincoln was to receive the
scepter.

The administration of President Buchanan was
certainly the most calamitous our country has ex-
perienced. His best friends cannot recall it with
])leasure. And still more deplorable it is for his fame,'
that in that dreadful conflict which rolled its billows
of flame and blood over our whole land, no word came
from his lips to indicate his wish that our countrv's
banner should triumi h over the flag of the rebellion.
He died at his Wheatland retreat, June i, 1868.

<^ /2,-t^-ir-

e^X^32*^<^T^

SIXTEE.VTH F/iE^IDEyr.

^1 i ABRAHAM > #>'<?=.<^-ii < LINCOLN. > %

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the

tlie

12,

BRAHAM LINCOLN,

sixteenth President of
• United States, was born
Hardin Co., Ky., Feb.
1 809. About the year 1 7 80, a
man by the name of Abraham
Lincohi left Virginia with liis
family- and moved into the then
wilds of Kentucky. Only two years
after this emigration, still a young
man, while worlving one day in a
* field, was stealthily approached bj'
an Indian and shot dead. His widow
was left in extreme poverty with five
little children, three boys and two
girls. Thomas, the youngest of the
bo)s, was four years of age at his
father's death. This Thomas was
the father of Abraham Lincoln, the
President of the United States
whose name must henceforth fcever be enrolled
with the most prominent in the annals of our world.
Of course no record has been kept of the life
of one so lowly as Thomas Lincoln. He was among
the poorest of the poor. His home was a wretched
log-cabin; his food the coarsest and the meanest.
Education he had none; he could never either read
or write. As soon as he was able to do anything for
himself, he was compelled to leave the cabin of his
starving mother, and push out into the world, a friend-
■ess, wandering lioy, seeking work. He hired him-
self out, and thus spent the whole of his youth as a
'aborer in the fields of others.

When twenty-eight years of age he buill a log-
cabin of his own, and married Nancy Hanks, the
daughter of another family of poor Kentucky emi-
grants, who had also come from Virginia. Their
second child was Abraham Lincoln, the subject of
this sketch. The mother of Abraham was a noble
woman, gentle, loving, pensive, created to adorn
a palace, doomed to toil and pine, and die in a hovel.
" All that I am, or hope to be," exclaims the grate-
ful son " I owe to my angel-mother.

When he was eight years of age, his father sold his

cabin and small farm, and moved to Indiana Where
two years later his mother died.

Abraham soon became the scribe of the uneducated
community around him. He could not have had a
better school than this to teach him to put thoughts
into words. He also became an eager reader. The
books he could obtain were few ; but these he read
and re-read until they were almost committed to
memory.

As the years rolled on, the lot of this lowly family
was the usual lot of humanity. Th(^re were joys and
griefs, weddings and funerals. Abraham's sister
Sarah, to whom he was tenderly attached, was mar-
ried when a child of but fourteen years of age, and
soon died. The family was gradually scattered. Mr.
Thomas Lincoln sold out his squatter's claim in 1830,
and emigrated to Macon Co., 111.

Abraham Lincoln was then twenty-one years of age.
With vigorous hands he aided his father in rearing
another log-cabin. Abraham worked diligently at this
until he saw the family coriifortably settled, and their
small lot of enclosed prairie planted with corn, when
he announced to his father his intention to leave
home, and to go out into the world and seek his for-
tune. Little did he or his friends imagine how bril-
liant that fortune was to be. He saw the- value of
education and was intensely earnest to unprove his
mind to the utmost of his power. He saw the ruin
which ardent spirits were causing, and became
strictly temperate; refusing to allow a drop of intoxi-
cating liquor to pass his lips. And he had read in
God's word, " Thou shalt not take the name of the
Lord thy God in vain ;" and a profane expression he
was never heard to utter. Religion he revered. His
morals were pure, and he was uncontarainated by a
single vice.

Young Abraham worked for a time as a hired laborer
among the farmers. Then he went to Springfield,
where he was employed in Iniilding a large flat-boat.
In this he took a herd of swine, floated them down
the Sangamon to the Illinois, and thence by the Mis-
sissippi to New Orleans. Whatever Abraham Lin-
coln undertook, he performed so faithfully as to give
great satisfaction to his employers. In this advcn-

ABRAHAM LINCOLN.

Cure hi.-> cuiployeis were so well pleased, that u[X)n
his r<;t.ira tiiey placed a store and mill under his care.

1.1 1832, at the outbreak of the Black Hawk war, he
enlisted and was chosen captain of a company. He
returned to Sangamon County, and although only 23
years of age, was a candidate for the Legislature, but
was defeated. He soon after received from Andrew
Jackson tlie appointment of Postmaster of New Salem,
His only post-office was his hat. All the letters he
received he carried there ready to deliver to those
he chanced to meet. He studied surveying, and soon
made this his business. In 1834 he again became a
candidate for the Legislature, and was elected Mr.
Stuart, of Springfield, advised him to study law. He
walked from New Salem to Springfield, borrowed of
Mr. Stuart a load of books, carried them back and
began his legal studies. When the Legislature as-
sembled he trudged on foot with his pack on his back
one hundred miles lo Vandalia, then the capital. In
1836 he was re-elected to the Legislature. Here it
was he first met Stephen A. Douglas. In 1S39 he re-
moved to Springfield and began the practice of law.
His success with the jury was so great that he was
soon engaged in almost every noted case in the circuit.

In 1854 the great discussion began between Mr.
Lincoln and Mr, Douglas, on the slavery question.
In the organization of the Republican party in Illinois,
in 1856, he took an active part, and at once became
one of the leaders in that party. Mr. Lincoln's
speeches in opiwsition to Senator Douglas in the con-
test in 1858 for a seat in the Senate, form a most
notable part of his history. The issue was on the
ilavery (Question, and he took the broad ground of
he Declaration of Independence, that all men are
created equal. Mr. Lincoln was defeated in this con-
test, but won a far higher prize.

The great Republican Convention met at Chicago
on the i6th of June, i860. The delegates and
strangers who crowded the city amounted to twenty-
five thousand. An immense building called "The
Wigwam," was reared to accommodate the Conven-
tion. There were eleven candidates for whom votes
were thrown. William H Seward, a man whose fame
as a statesman had long filled the land, was the most
orominent. It was generally supposed he would be
tl>.e nominee. Abraham Lincoln, however, received
the nomination on the third ballot. Little did he then
dream of the weary years of toil and care, and the
bloody death, to which that nomination doomed him :
and aslittle did he dream that he was to render services
10 his country, which would fix upon him the eyes of
the whole civilized world, and wiiich would give him
a place in the affections of his countiymen, second
cnly, if second, to th.at of Washington.

Election day came and Mr. Lincoln received 180
electoral votes out of 203 cast, and was, therefore,
constitution.illy elected President of the United States.
The tirade of abuse that was poured uixin this good

and merciful man, especially by the slaveholders, was
greater than upon any other man ever elected to this
high position. In February, 1861, Mr. Lincoln started
for Washington, stopping in all the large cities on his
way making speeches. The whole journey was frought
with much danger. Many of the Southern States had
already seceded, and several attempts at assassination
were afterwards brought to light. A gang in Balti-
more had arranged, upon his arrival to "get up a row,"
and in the confusion to make sure of his death with
revolvers and hand-grenades. A detective unravelled
the plot. A secret and special train was provided to
take him from HarrisL-urg, through Baltimore, at an
unexpected hour of the night. The train started at
half-past ten ; and to prevent any possible communi-
cation on the part ot the Secessionists with theirCon-
federate gang in Baltimore, as soon as the train had
started the telegraph-wires were cut. Mr. Lincoln
reached Washington in safety and was inaugurated,
although great anxiety was felt by all loyal people.

In the selection of his cabinet Mr. Lincoln gave
to Mr .Seward the Department of State, and to other
prominent opponents before the convention he gave
important positions.

During no other administration have tlie duties
devolving ui)on the President been so manifold, and
the responsibilities so great, as those which fell to
the lot of President Lincoln. Knowing this, and
feeling his own weakness and inability to meet, and in
his own slfength to cope with, the difficulties, he
learned early to seek Divine wisdom and guidance in
determining his plans, and Divine comfort in all his
trials, bo»h personal and national. Contrary to his
own estimate of himself, Mr. Lincoln was one of the
most courageous of men. He went directly into the
rebel capital just as the retreating foe was leaving,
with no guard but a few sailors. From the time he
had left Springfield, in iS6t, however, plans had been
made for his assassination, and he at last fell a victim
to one of them. Ai)ril 14, 1865, he, with Gen. Grant,
was urgently invited to attend Fords' Theater. It
was announced that they would be present. Gen.
Grant, however, left the city. President Lincoln, feel-
ing, with his characteristic kindliness of heart, that
it would be a disappointment if he should fail them,
very reluctantlj' consented to go. While listening to
the play an actor by the name of John AVilkes Booth
entered the box where the President and family were
seated, and fired a bullet into his brains. He died the
next morning at seven o'clock.

Never before, in the history of the world was a nation
plunged into such deep gnef by the death of its ruler.
Strong men met in the streets and wept in speechless
anguish. It is not too much to say that a nation was
in tears. His was a life which will fitly become a
model. His name as the savior of his country v'll
live with that of Washington's, iis father; hiscf^-.ntry-
mcn beins; unable to decide wbii h is tl>.^ ureatec

<^-:^h?'^^i(^z^f^

SJS VUNTEENTH I' RESIDED T.

. teenth President of the United
.^•^States. The early lifr of
{ Andrew Johnson contains but
the record of poverty, destitu-
tion and friendlessness. He
was born December 29, 180S,
in Raleigh, N. C. His parents,
belonging to the class of the
"poor whites " of the South, ivere
in such circumstances, that they
could not confer even the slight-
est advantages of education upon
their child. When Andrew was five
years of age, his father accidentally
lost nis life while herorically endeavoring to save a
friend from drowning. Until ten years of age, Andrew
was a ragged boy about the streets, supported by the
labor of his mother, who obtained her living with
her own hands.

He then, having never attended a school one day,
and being unable either to read or write, was ap-
prenticed to a tailor in his native town. A gentleman
was ip. the habit of going to the tailor's shop occasion-
ally, and reading to the boys at work there. He often
read from the speeches of distinguished British states-
men. /Vndrew, who was endowed with a mind of more
than ordinary native ability, became much interested
in these speeches ; his ambition was roused, and he
was inspired with a strong desire to learn to read.

He accordingly applied himself to the alphabet, and
with the assistance of some of his fellow-workmen,
learned his letters. He then called upon the gentle-
man to borrow the book of sp)eeches. The owner,

pleased with his zeal, not only gave him the book,
but assisted him in learning to combine the letters
into words. Under such difficulties he pressed oi.
ward laboriously, spending usually ten or twelve hours
at work in the shop, and then robbing himself of rest
and recreatior to devote such time as he could to
reading.

He went to Tennessee in 1S26, and located a*:
Greenville, where he married a young lady who pos
sessed some education. Under her instructions he
learned to write and cipher. He became prominent
in the village debating society, and a favorite with
the students of Greenville College. In 1828, he or-
ganized a working man's party, which elected him
aldennan, and in 1830 elected him mayor, which
position he held three years.

He now began to take a lively interest in political
affairs ; identifying himself with the working-classes,
to which he belonged. In 1835, he was elected a
member of the House of Representatives of Tennes-
see. He was then just twenty-seven years of age.
He became a very active member of the legislature,
gave his adhesion to the Democratic party, and in
1840 "stumped the State," advocating Martin ''an
Buren's claims to the Presidency, in opposition to thos .
of Gen. Harrison. In this campaign he acquired muci;
readiness as a speaker, and extended and increased
his reputation.

In 1841, he was elected State Senator; in 1843, he
was elected a member of Congress, and by successive
elections, held that important post for ten years. In
1853, he was elected Governor of Tennessee, and
was re-elected in 1855. In all these resiwnsible iwsi
tions, he discharged his duties with distinguished ab-..

ANDREW JOHNSON.

ity, and proved himself the warm friend of the work-
ing classes. In 1S57, Mr. Johnson was elected
United States Senator.

Years before, in 1845, he had warmly advocated
the annexation of Texas, stating however, as his
reason, that he thought this annexation would prob-
ably prove " to be the gateway out of which the sable
sons of Africa are to pass from bondage to freedom,
and become merged in a population congenial to
themselves." In 1850, he also supported the com-
promise measures, the two essential features of which
were, that the white people of the Territories should
be permitted to decide for themselves whether they
would enslave the colored people or not, and that
the free States of the North should return to the
South persons who attempted to escape from slavery.

Mr. Johnson was neverashamedof his lowly origin:
on the contrary, he often took pvide in avowing that
he owed his distinction to his own exertions. "Sir,''
said he on the floor of the Senate, " I do not forget
that I am a mechanic ; neither do I forget that Adam
was a tailor and sewed fig-leaves, and that our Sav-
ior was the son of a carpenter."

In the Charleston-Baltimore convention of iSuj, ne
i^as the choice of the Tennessee Democrats for the
Presidency. In 1861, when the purpose of the South-
ern Democracy became apparent, he took a decided
^tandin favor of the Union, and held that " slavery
must be held subordinate to the Union at whatever
cost." He returned to Tennessee, and repeatedly
imperiled his own life to protect the Unionists of
Tennesee. Tennessee having seceded from the
Union, President Lincoln, on March 4th, T862, ap-
pointed him Military Governor of the State, and he
established the most stringent military rule. His
numerous proclamations attracted wide attention. In

1864, he was elected Vice-President of the United
States, and upon the death of Mr. Lincoln, April T5,

1865, became President. In a speech two days later
he said, " The American people must be taught, if
Jhey do not already feel, that treason is a crime and
must be punished; that the Government will not
always bear with its enemies ; that it is strong not
only to protect, but to punish. * * The people
must understand that it (treason) is th€ blackest of
crimes, and will surely be punished." Yet his whole
administration, the history of which is so well known,
was in utter inconsistency with, and the most violent

opposition to. the principles laid down in that speech.

In his loose policy of reconstruction and general
amnesty, he was opposed by Congress ; and he char-
acterized Congress as a new rebellion, and lawlessly
defied it, in everything possible, to the utmost. In
the beginniiig of 1868, on account of "high crimes
and misdemeanors," the principal of which was the
removal of Secretary Stanton, in violation of the Ten-
ure of Office Act, articles of impeachment were pre-
ferred against him, and the trial began March 23.

It was very tedious, continuing for nearly three
months. A test article of the impeachment was at
length submitted to the court for its action. It was
certain that as the court voted upon that article so
would it vote upon all. Thirty-four voices pronounced
the President guilty. As a two-thirds vote was neces-
sary to his condemnation, he was pronounced ac-
quitted, notwithstanding the great majority against
him. The change of one vote from the not guilty
side would have sustained the impeachment.

The President, for the remainder of his term, was
but little regarded. He continued, though impotent!--,
his conflict with Congress. His own party did not
think it expedient to renominate him for the Presi-
dency. The Nation rallied, with enthusiasm unpar-
alleled since the days of Washington, around the name
of Gen. Grant. Andrew Johnson was forgotten.
The bullet of the assassin introduced him to the
President's chair. Notwithstanding this, never was
there presented to a man a better opportunity to- im-
mortalize his name, and to win the gratitude of a
nation. He failed utterly. He retired to his home
in Greenville, Tenn., taking no very active part in
politics until T875. On Jan. 26, after an exciting
struggle, he was chosen by the Legislature of Ten-
nessee, United States Senator in the forty-fourth Con-
gress, and took his seat in that body, at the special
session convened by President Grant, on the 5 th of
March. On the 27th of July, 1S75, the ex-President
made a visit to his daughter's home, near Carter
Station, Tenn. When he started on his journey, he was
apparently in his usual vigorous health, but on reach-
ing the residence of his child the following day, was
stricken with paralysis, rendering him unconscious.
He rallied occasionally, but finally passed away at
2 A. M., July3T, aged sixty-seven years. His fun-
eral was attended at Geenville, on the 3d of August,
with every demonstration of respect

/^^ a.^-^^^-^

BIGH TJSKNTH I'RESIDENT.

LYSSES S. GRANT, the
eighteenth President of the
^* United States, was born on
the 29th of April, 1822, of
Christian parents, in a lunnble
' home, at Point Pleasant, on tlie
banks of the Ohio. Shortly after
his father moved to George-
town, Brown Co., O. In this re-
mote frontier hamlet, Ulysses
received a common-school edu-
cation. At the age of seven-
teen, in the year 1839, he entered
the Military Academy at West
^oint. Here he was regarded as a
joiid, sensible young man of fair abilities, and of
sturdy, honest character. He took respectable rank
as a scholar. In June, 1843, he graduated, about the
middle in his class, and was sent as heutenant of in-
fantry to one of the distant military posts in the Mis-
scuri Territory. Two years he past in these dreary
solitudes, watching the vagabond and exasperating
Indians.

The war with Mexico came. Lieut. Grant was
sent with his regiment to Corpus Christi. His first
battle was at Palo Alto. There was no chance here
for the exhibition of either skill or heroism, nor at
Resacade la Palma, his second battle. At the battle
of Monterey, his third engagement, it is said that
he performed a signal service of daring and skillful
horsemanship. His brigade had exhausted its am-
munition. A messenger must be sent for more, along
a route exposed to the bullets of the foe. Lieut.
Grant, adopting an expedient learned of the Lidians,
grasped the mane of his horse, and hanging upon one
side of the anir»iil, ran the gauntlet in entire safety.

From Monterey he was sent, with the fourth infantry,
to aid Gen. Scott, at the siege of Vera Cruz. In
preparation for the march to the city of Mexico, he
was appointed quartermaster of his regiment. At the
battle of Molino del Rcy, he was promoted to a
first lieutenancy, and was brevetted captain at Cha-
pultei)ec.

At the close of the Mexican War, Capt. Grant re-
turned with his regiment to New York, and was again
sent to one of the military posts on the frontier. The
discovery of gold in California causing an immense
tide of emigration to flow to the Pacific shores, Capt.
Grant was sent with a battalion to Fort Dallas, in
Oregon, for the protection of the interests of the im-
migrants. Life was wearisome in those wilds. Capt.
Grant resigned his commission and returned to the
States; and having married, entered upon the cultiva-
tion of a small farm near St. Louis, Mo. He had but
little skill as a farmer. Finding his toil not re-
munerative, he turned to mercantile life, entering into
the leather business, with a younger brother, at Ga-
lena, 111. This was in the year i860. As the tidings
of tlie rebels firing on Fort Sumpter reached the ears
of Capt. Grant in his counting-room, he said, —
"Uncle Sam has educated me for the army; though
I have served him through one war, I do not feel that
I have yet repaid the debt. I am still ready to discharge
my obligations. I shall therefore buckle on my sword
and see Uncle Sam through this war too."

He went into the streets, raised a company of vol-
unteers, and led them as their captain to Springfield,
the capital of the State, where their services were
offered to Gov. Yates. The Governor, impressed by
the zeal and straightforward executive ability of Capt.
Grant, gave him a desk in his office, to assist in the
volunteer organization that was being formed in the
State in belialf of the Government. On the 15th of

UL YSSES S. GRA NT.

June, t86i, Capt. Grant received a commission as
Colonel of the Twenty-first Regiment of Illinois Vol-
unteers. His merits as a West Point graduate, who
had served for 15 years in the regular array, were such
that he was soon promoted to the rank of Brigadier-
General and was jjlaced in command at Cairo. The
rebels raised their banner at Paducah, near the mouth
of the Tennessee River. Scarcely had its folds ap-
peared in the breeze ere Gen. Grant was there. The
rebels fled. Their banner fell, and the star and
stripes were unfurled in its stead.

He entered the service with great determination
and immediately began active duty. This was the be-
ginning, and until the surrender of Lee at Richmond
he was ever pushing the enemy with great vigor and
effectiveness. At Belmont, a few days later, he sur-
prised and routed the rebels, then at Fort Heniy
won another victory. Then came the brilliant fight
at Fort Donelson. The nation was electrified by the
victory, and the brave leader of the boys in blue was
immediately made a Major-General, and the military
district of Tennessee was assigned to him.

Like all great captains. Gen. Grant knew well how
to secure the results of victory. He immediately
pushed on to the enemies' Hnes. Then came the
terrible battles of Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, and the
siege of Vicksburg, where Gen. Pemberton made an
unconditional surrender of the city with over thirty
thousand men and one-hundred and seventy-two can-
non. The fall of Vicksburg was by far the most
severe blow which the rebels had thus far encountered,
and opened up the Mississippi from Cairo to the Gulf.

Gen. Grant was next ordered to co-operate with
Gen. Banks in a movement upon Te.xas, and pro-
ceeded to New Orleans, where he was thrown from
his horse, and received severe injuries, from wliich he
was laid up for months. He then rushed to the aid
of Gens. Rosecrans and Thomas at Chattanooga, and
by a wonderful series of strategic and technical meas-
ures put the Union Army in fighting condition. Then
followed the bloody battles at Chattanooga, Lookout
Mountain and Missionary Ridge, in which the rebels
were routed with great loss. This won for him un-
bounded praise in the North. On the 4th of Febru-
ary, 1864, Congress revived the grade of lieutenant-
general, and the rank was conferred on Gen. Grant.
He repaired to Washington to receive his credentials
and enter u[X3n th'> duties of his new office.

Gen. Grant decided as soon as he took charge of
the army to concentrate the widely-dispersed National
troops for an attack upon Richmond, the nominal
capital of the Rebellion, and endeavor there to de-
stroy the rebel armies which would be promptly as-
sembled from all quarters for its defence. The whole
continent seemed to tremble under the tramp of these
majestic armies, rushing to the decisive battle field.
Steamers were crowded with troops. Railway trains
were burdened with closely packed thousands. His
plans were comprehensive and involved a series of
campaigns, which were executed with remarkable en-
ergy and ability, and were consummated at the sur-
render of Lee, April 9, 1865.

The war was ended. The Union was saved. The
almost unanimous voice of the Nation declared Gen.
Grant to be the most prominent instrument in its sal-
vation. The eminent services he had thus rendered
the country brought him conspicuously forward as the
Republican candidate for the Presidential chair.

At the Republican Convention held at Chicago.
May 21, 1868, he was unanimously nominated for the
Presidency, and at the autumn election received a
majority of the popular vote, and 2r4 out of 294
electoral votes.

The National Convention of the Republican party
which met at Philadelphia on the 5 th of June, 1S72,
placed Gen. Grant in nomination for a second term
by a unanimous vote. The selection was emphali-
cally indorsed by the people five months later, 292
electoral votes being cast for him.

Soon after the close of his second term. Gen. Grant
started upon his famous trip around the world. He
visited almost every country of the civilized world,
and was everywhere received with such ovations
and demonstrations of respect and honor, private
as well as public and official, as were never before
bestowed upon any citizen of the United States.

He was the most prominent candidate before the
Republican National Convention in 1880 for a re-
nomination for President. He went to New York and
embarked in the brokerage business under the firm
nameof Grant & Ward. The latter proved a villain,
wrecked Grant's fortune, and for larceny was sent to
the penitentiary. The General was attacked with
cancer in the throat, but suffered in his stoic-like
manner, never complaining. He was re-instated as
General of the Army and retired by Congress. The
cancer soon finished its deadly work, and July 23,
1885, the nation wen^ in mourning over the death of
the illustrious General.

''*>v.

^CA

NINETEENTH PRESIDENT.

g RUTHERl'OKD B. HJLTES.

UTHERFORD B. HAYES,

ft!) the nineteenth President of
"' the United States, was born in
Delaware, O., Oct. 4, 1822, al-
most three months after the
death of his father, Rutherford
Hayes. His ancestry on both
the paternal and maternal sides,
was of the most honorable char-
acter. It can be traced, it is said,
as far back as 1280, when Hayes and
Rutherford were two Scottish chief-
tains, fighting side by side with
Baliol, William Wallace and Robert
Bruce. Both families belonged to the
nobility, owned extensive estates,
and had a large following. Misfor-
tune ovwfaking the family, George Hayes left Scot-
land in 16S0, and settled in Windsor, Conn. His son
George wai, born in Windsor, and remained there
during his lile. Daniel Hayes, son of the latter, mar-
ried Sarah Lee, and lived from the time of his mar-
riage until hjs death in Simsbury, Conn. Ezekiel,
son of Daniel, was born in 1724, and was a manufac-
turer of scythe-.; at Bradford, Conn. Rutherford Hayes,
son of Ezekiel aud grandfather of President Hayes, was
born in New Haven, in August, 1756. He was a farmer,
blacksmith and tavern-keeper. He emigrated to
Vermont at an unknown date, settling in Brattleboro,
where he established a hotel. Here his son Ruth-
erford Hayes the father of President Hayes, was

born. He was married, in September, 1813, to Sophia
Birchard, of Wilmington, Vt., whose ancestors emi-
grated thither from Connecticut, they having been
among the wealthiest and best famlies of Norwich.
Her ancestry on the male side are traced back to
1635, to John Birchard, one of the principal founders
of Norwich. Both of her grandfathers were soldiers
in the Revolutionary War.

The father of President Hayes was an industrious
frugal and opened-hearted man. He was of a me-
chanical turn, and could mend a plow, knit a stocks
ing, or do almost anything else that he choose to
undertake. He was a member of the Church, active
in all the benevolent enterprises of the town, and con-
ducted his business on Christian principles. After
the close of the war of 1812, for reasons inexplicable
to his neighbors, he resolved to emigrate to Ohio.

The journey from Vermont to Ohio in that day
when there were no canals, steamers, nor railways,
was a very serious affair. A tour of inspection was
first made, occupying four months. Mr. Hayes deter
mined to move to Delaware, where the family arrived
in 1817. He died July 22, 1822, a victim of malarial
fever, less than three months before the birth of the
son, of whom we now write. Mrs. Hayes, in her sore be-
reavement, found the support she so much needed in
her brother Sardis, who had been a member of the
household from the day of its departure from Ver-
mont, and in an orphan girl whom she had adopted
some time before as an act of charity.

Mrs. Hayes at this period was very weak, and the

RUTHl:-HFORD B. HAVES:

subject of this sketch was so feeble at birtli that he
was not expected to live beyond a month or two at
most. As the months went by he grew weaicer and
weaker, so that the neighbors were in the habit of in-
quiring from time to time " if Mrs. Hayes' baby died
iast night." On one occasion a neighbor, who was on
familiar terms with the family, after alluding to the
boy's big head, and the mother's assiduous care of
nim, said in a bantering way, " That's right ! Stick to
him. You have got him along so far, and I shouldn't
wonder if he would really come to something yet."

" You need not laugh," said Mrs. Hayes. "You
vait and see. You can't tell but I shall make him
President of the United States yet." The boy lived,
in spite of the universal predictions of his speedy
death; and when, in 1S25, his older brother was
drowned, he became, if possible, still dearer to his
mother.

The boy was seven years old before he w..;nt to
school. His education, however, was not neglected.
He probably learned as much from his mother and
sister as he would have done at school. His sports
were almost wholly within doors, his playmates being
his sister and her associates. These circumstances
tended, no doubt, to foster that gentleness of dispo-
sition, and that delicate consideration for the feelings
of others, which are marked traits of his character.

His uncle Sardis Birchard took the deepest interest
in his education ; and as the boy's health had im-
proved, and he was making good progress in his
studies, he proposed to send him to college. His pre-
paration commenced with a tutor at home; but he
was afterwards sent for one year to a professor in the
Wesleyan University, in Middletown, Conn. He en-
tered Kenyon College in 183S, at the age of sixteen,
and was graduated at the head of his class in 1842.

Immediately after his graduation he began the
study of law in the office of Thomas Sparrow, Esq.,
in Columbus. Finding his opportunities for study in
Columbus somewhat limited, he determined to enter
the Law School at Cambridge, Mass., where he re-
mained two years.

In 1S45, after graduatmg at the Law School, he was
admitted to the bar at Marietta, Ohio, and shortly
afterward went into practice as an attorney-at-law
with Ralph P. Buckland, of Fremont. Here he re-
mained three years, acquiring but a limited practice,
and apparently unambitious of distinction in his pro-
fession.

In 1849 he moved to Cincmnati, where his ambi-
tion found a new stimulus. For several years, how-
ever, his progress was slow. Two events, occurring at
this i)eriod, had a powerful influence upon his subse-
(;uent life. One of these was his marrage with Miss
Lucy Ware Webb, daughter of Dr. James Webli, of
Chilicothe; the othei' was his introduction to the Cin-
cinnati Literary Club, a body embracing among its
members such men as'^hief Justice Salmon P. Chase,

Gen. John Pope, Gov. Edward F. Noyes, and many
others hardly less distinguished in after life. The
maiTiage was a fortunate one in every respect, as
everybody knows. Not one of all the wives of our
Presidents was more universally admired, reverenced
and beloved than was Mrs. Hayes, and no one did
more than she to reflect honor upon American woman
hood. The Literary Cluu brought Mr. Hayes into
constant association with young men of high char-
acter and noble aims, and lured him to display the
qualities so long hidden by his bashfulnejs and
modesty.

In 1856 he was nominated to the office of Judg; of
the Court of Common Pleas; but he declined to ac-
cept the nomination. Two years later, the office ot
city solicitor becoming vacant, the City Council
elected him for tlie unexpired term.

In 1 86 1, when the Rebellion broke out, he was ar
the zenith of his professional 1:5.. His rank at the
bar was among the the first. But the news of the
attack on Fort Sumpter found him eager to take md
arms for the defense of his coimtry.

His military record was bright and illustrious. In
October, 186 1, he was made Lieutenant-Colonel, and
in August, T862, promoted Colonel of the 79th Ohio
regiment, but he refused to leave his old comrades
and go among strangers. Subsequently, however, he
was made Colonel of his old regiment. At the battle
of South Mountain he received a wound, and while
faint and bleeding displayed courage and fortitude
that won admiration from all.

Col. Hayes was detached from his regiment, after
his recovery, to act as Brigadier-General, and placed
in command of the celebrated Kanawha division,
and for gallant and meritorious services in the battles
of Winchester, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, he was
promoted Brigadier-General. He was also brevetted
Major-General, "for gallant and distinguished Fervices
during the campaigns of 1864, in West Virginia." In
the course of his arduous services, four horses were
shot from under him, and he was wounded four times.

In 1864, Gen. Hayes was elected to Congress, from
the Second Ohio District, which had long been Dem-
ocratic. He was not present during the campaign,
and after his election was importuned to resign his
commission in the army ; but he finally declared, " I
shall never come to Washington until I can come by
the way of Richmond." Fle was re-elected in 1866.

Ir. 1867, Gen Hayes was elected Governor of Ohio,
over Hon. Allen G. Thunnan, a populai Democrat.
In r869 was re-elected over George H. Pendleton.
Ha was elected Governor for the third term in 1S75.

Iw 1876 he was the standard bearer of the Repub-
lican Party in the Presidential contest, and after a
hard long contest was chosen President, and was in
augurated Monday, March 5, 1875. He served his
full term, not, ktwever, with satisfaction to his party,
but his admiij'stration was an average on=

TiVENTIETH PRESIDENT.

„ ##;;s<&$z*r#-gjg<^$::g'&-g:g^SK$«'-S:S#-5;;s#>-g:sti-«-;;:s«>-;;::,-

AMES A. GARFIELD, uvca-
tieth President of the United
States, was born Nov. ig,
1831, in the woods of Orange,
Cuyahoga Co., O His par-
ents were Abram and Eliza
(Ballou) Garfield, both of New
England ancestry and from fami-
lies well known in the early his-
f }, tory of that section of our coun-
try, but had moved to the Western
Reserve, in Ohio, early in its settle-
ment.

The house in which James A. was
born was not unlike the houses of
poor Ohio farmers of that day. It
..as about 20x30 feet, built of logs, with the spaces be-
.ween the logs filled with clay. His father was a
lard working farmer, and he soon had his fields
.:leared, an orchard planted, and a log barn built.
The household comprised the father and mother and
heir four cliildren — Mehetabel, Thomas, Mary and
ames. In May, 1823, the father, from a cold con-
.. 'acted in helping to put out a forest fire, died. At
iliis time James was about eighteen months old, and
riiomas about ten years old. No one, perhaps, can
(ell how much James was indebted to his brother's
toil and self-sacrifice during the twenty years suc-
ceeding his father's death, but undoubtedly very
much. He now lives in Michigan, and the two sis-
xers live in Solon, O., near their birthplace.

The early educational advantages young Garfield
enjoyed were very limited, yet he made the most of
them. He labored at farm work for others, did car-
penter work, chopped wood, or did anything that
would l)ring in a few dollars to aid his widowed
mother in he' struggles to keep the little family to-

gether. Nor was Gen. Garfield ever ashamed of his
origin, and he never forgot the friends of his strug-
gling childhood, youth and manhood, neither did they
ever forget him. When in the highest seats of honor
the humblest fjiend of his boyhood was as kindly
greeted as ever. The poorest laborer was sure of the
sympathy of one who had known all the bitterness
of want and the sweetness of bread earned by the
sweat of the brow. He was ever the simple, plain,
modest gentleman.

The highest ambition of young Garfield until hi
was about sixteen years old was to be a captain c?
a vessel on Lake Erie. He was anxious to go aboard
a vessel, which his mother strongly opposed. She
finally consented to his going to Cleveland, with th •
understanding, however, that he should try to obtair
some other kind of employment. He walked all the
way to Cleveland. This was his first visit to the city
After making many applications for work, and trying
to get aboard a lake vessel, and not meeting witji
success, he engaged as a driver for his cousin, Amos
Letcher, on the Ohio & Pennsylvania Canal. He re-
mained at this work but a short time when he wen':
home, and attended the seminary at Chester for
about three years, when he entered Hiram and the
Eclectic Institute, teaching a few terms of school in
the meantime, and doing other work. This school
was started by the Discii)les of Christ in 1850, of
which church he was then a member. He became
janitor and bell-ringer in order to help pay his way.
He then became both teacher and pupil." He soon
" exhausted Hiram " and needed more ; hence, in the
fall of 1854, he entered Williams College, from which
he graduated in 1S56, taking one of the highest hon-
ors of his class. He afterwards returned to Hiram
College as its President. As above stated, he early
united with the Christian or Diciples Church at
Hiram, and was ever after a devoted, zealous mem-
ber, often preaching in its pulpit and places where
he happened to be. Dr. Noah Porter, President of
Yale College, says of him in reference to his relipioa :

JAMES A. GARFIELD.

" President Garfield was more than a man of
strong moral and religious convictions. His whole
history, from boyhood to the last, shows that duty to
man and to God, and devotion to Christ and life and
faith and spiritual commission were controlling springs
of his being, and to a more than usual degree. In
:ny judgment there is no more interesting feature of
nis character than his loyal allegiance to the body of
Christians in which he was trained, and the fervent
sympathy which he ever showed in their Christian
communion. Not many of the few 'wise and mighty
and noble who are called' show a similar loyalty to
the less stately and cultured Christian comnmnions
in which they have been reared. Too often it is true
that as they step upward in 'social and political sig-
nificance they step upward from one degree to
another in some of the many types of fashionable
Christianity. President Garfield adhered to the
:hurch of his mother, the church in which he was
trained, and in which he served as a pillar and an
evangelist, and yet with the largest and most unsec-
larian charity for all 'who love our Lord in sincerity.'"

Mr. Garfield was united in marriage with Miss
Lucretia Rudolph, Nov. 1 1, 1S58, who proved herself
worthy as the wife of one whom all the world loved and
mourned. To them were born seven children, five of
whom are still living, four boys and one girl.

Mr. Garfieldmadehisfirstpoliticalspeechesin 1856,
_'n Hiram and the neighboring villages, and three
years later he began to speak at county mass-meet-
ings, and became the favorite speaker wherever he
was. During this year he was elected to the Ohio
Senate. He also began to study law at Cleveland,
and in 1861 was admitted to the bar. The great
Rebellion broke out in the early part of this year,
and Mr. Garfield at once resolved to fight as he had
talked, and enlisted to defend the old flag. He re-
ceived his commission as Lieut.-Colonel of the Forty-
second Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Aug.
14, 1861. He was immediately put into active ser-
vice, and before he had ever seen a gun fired in action,
was placed in command of four regiments of infantry
and eight companies of cavalry, charged with the
work of driving out of his native State the officer
(Humphrey Mirsliall) reputed to be the ablest of
those, not educated to war whom Kentucky had given
to the Rebellion. This work was bravely and speed-
ily accomplished, although against great odds. Pres-
ident Lincoln, on his success commissioned him
Brigadier-General, Jan. 10, 1862; and as "he had
been the youngest man in the Ohio Senate two years
before, so now he was the youngest General in the
army." He was with Gen. Buell's army at Shiloh,
in its operations around Corinth and its march through
Alabama. He was then detailed as a memberof the
General Court-Martial for the trial of Gen. Fitz-John
Porter. He was then ordered to report to Gen. Rose-
crans, and was assigned to the " Chief of Staff."

The military history of Gen. Garfield closed with

his brilliant services at Chickamauga, where he woir

the stars 01 the Major-General.

Without an effort on his part Ge? Garfield wa»
elected to Congress in the fall of 1862 from the
Nineteenth District of Ohio. This section of Ohio
had been represented in Congress for si.xty years
mainly by two men — Elisha Whittlesey and Joshua
R. Giddings. It was not without a struggle that he
resigned his place in the army. At the time he en-
tered Congress he was the youngest member in that
body. Ther*; he remained by successive re-
elections until he was elected President in 1880.
Of his labors in Congress Senator Hoar says : " Since
the year 1864 you cannot think of a question which
has been debated in Congress, or discussed before a»
tribunel of the American people, in regard to whict
you will not find, if you wish mstruction, the argu-
ment on one side stated, in almost every instance
better than by anybody else, in some speech made in
the House of Representatives or on the hustings by
Mr. Garfield."'

Upon Jan. 14, 18S0, Gen. Garfield was elected to
the U. S. Senate, and on the eighth of June, of liie
same year, was nominated as the candidate of his
party for President at the great Chicago Convention-
He was elected in the following November, and on
March 4, 1881, was inaugurated. Probably no ad-
ministration ever opened its existence under brighter
auspices than that of President Garfield, and every
day it grew in favor with the people, and by the first
of July he had completed all the initiatory and pre-
liminary work of his administration and was prepar-
ing to leave the city to meet his friends at Williams
College. While on his way and at the depot, in com-
pany with Secretary Blaine, a man stepped behind
'him, drew a revolver, and fired directly at his back.
The President tottered and fell, und as he did so tire
assassin fired a second shot, the bullet cutting the
left coat sleeve of his victim, but in.licting no further
injury. It has been very truthfully said that this was
" the shot that was heard round the world " Never
before in the history of the Nation had anything oc-
curred which so nearly froze the blood of the peop'e
for the moment, as this awful deed. He was smit-
ten on the brightest, gladdest day of all his life, and
was at the summit of his power and hope. For eighty
days, all during the hot months of July and August,
he lingered and suffered. He, however, remained
master of himself rill the last, and by his magnificent
bearing was teaching the countrj- and the world the
noblest of human lessons — how to live grandly in the
very clutch of death. Great in life, he was surpass-
ingly great in death. He passed serenely away Sept.
19^ 1883, at Elberon, N. J., on the ver)- bank of the
ocean, where he had been taken shortly previous. The
world wept at his death, as it never had done on the
death of any other man who had ever lived upon it.
The murderer was duly tried, found guilty and exe-
cuted, in one year after he committed the fouJ deed.

TWENTY-FIRST PRESIDENT.

"..isS^

HESTER A. ARTHUR,

twenty-first Presi'^.-m of the

i,r'United States was born in

Pranklin Cour t)-, Vermont, on

4^ thefifthof Oc'ober, 1830, andis

the oldest of a family of two

sons and five daughters. His

father was the Rev. Dr. William

Arthur, a Baptist c' ,rgypian, who

emigrated to tb.s countiy from

the county Antrim, Ireland, in

his iStli year, and died in 1875, in

Newtonville, neai .Albany, after a

long and successful ministry.

Young Arthur was educated at
Union College, S( henectady, where
he excelled in all his studies. Af-
ter his graduation he taught school
in Vermont for two years, and at
the expiration cf that time came to
WjJ New York, with $500 in his pocket,
and entered the office, of ex-Judge
^ E. D. Culver as student. After
being admitted to the bar he formed
a partnership with his intimate friend and room-mate,
Henry D. Gardiner, with the intention of practicing
in the West, and for three months they roamed about
in the Western States in search of an eligible site,
but in the end returned to New York, where they
hung out their shingle, and entered upon a success-
ful career almost from the start. General Arthur
soon afterward niarr'pd the daughter of Lieutenant

Herndon, of the United States Navy, who was lost at
sea. Congress voted a gold medal to his widow in
recognition of the bravery he displayed on that occa-
sion. Mrs. Arthur died shortly before Mr. Arthur's
nomination to the Vice Presidency, leaving two
children.

Gen. Arthur obtained considerable legal celebrity
in his first great case, the famous Lemmon suit,
brought to recover possession of eight slaves who had
been declared free by Judge Paine, of the Superior
Court of New York City. It was in 1852 that Jon.
athan Lemmon, of Virginia, went to New York with
his slaves, intending to ship them to Texas, when
they were discovered and freed. The Judge decided
that they could not be held by the owner under the
Fugitive Slave Law. A howl of rage went up from
the South, and the Virginia Legislature authorized the
Attorney General of that State to assist in an appeal.
Wm. M. Evarts and Chester A. Arthur were employed
to represent the I'eople, and they won their case,
which then went to the Supreme Court of the United
States. Charles O'Conor here espoused the cause
of the slave-holders, but he too was beaten by Messrs
Evarts and Arthur, and a long step was taken toward
the emancipation of the black race.

Another great service was rendered by General
Arthur in the same cause in 1S56. Lizzie Jennings,
a respectable colored woman, was put off a Fourth
Avenue car with violence after she had paid her fare.
General Arthur sued on her behalf, and secured a
verdict of $500 damages. The next day the compa-
ny issued an order to admit colored persons to ride
on their cars, and the other car companies quickly

loo

CHESTER A. ARTHUR.

followed their example. Before that the Sixth Ave-
nue Company ran a few special cars for colored per-
sons and the other lines refused to let them ride at all.

General Arthur was a delegate to the Convention
at Saratoga that founded the Republican party.
Previous to the war he was Judge-Advocate of the
Second Brigade of the State of New York, and Gov-
ernor Morgan, of that State, appointed him Engineev-
in-Chief of his staff. In 1861, he was made Insi)ec-
tor General, and soon afterward became Quartermas-
ter-General. In each of these offices he rendered
great service to the Government during the war. At
the end of Governor Morgan's term he resumed the
practice of the law, forming a partnership with Mr.
Ransom, and then Mr. Phelps, the District Attorney
of New Yoik, was added to the firm. The legal prac-
tice of this well-known firm was very large and lucra-
tive, each of the gentlemen composing it were able
lawyers, and possessed a splendid local reputation, if
not indeed one of national extent.

He always look a leading part in State and city
politics. He was apjiointed Collector of the Port of
New York by President Grant, Nov. 21 1872, to suc-
ceed Thomas Murphy, and held the office until July,
20, 1878, when he was succeeded by Collector Merritt.

Mr. Arthur was nominated on the Presidential
ticket, with Gen. James A. Garfield, at the famous
National Republican Convention held at Chicago in
June, 1880. This was perhaps the greatest political
convention that ever assembled on the continent. It
was composed of the leading politicians of the Re-
publican party, all able men, and each stood firm and
fought vigorously and with signal tenacity for their
respective candidates that were before the conven-
tion for the nomination. Finally Gen. Garfield re-
ceived the nomination for President and Gen. Arthur
for Vice-President. The campaign which followed
was one of the most animated known in the history of
our country. Gen. Hancock, the standard-bearer of
the Democratic i)arty, was a popular man, and his
party made a valiant fight for his election.

Finally the election came and the country's choice
•vas Garfield and Arthur. They were inaugurated
March 4, 188 1, as President and Vice-President.
A few months only had passed ere the newly chosen
President was the victim of the assassin's bullet. Then
came terrible weeks of suffering, — those moments of
anxious suspense, when the hearts of all civilized na-

tions were throbbing in unison, longing for the re-
covery of the noble, the good President. The remark-
able patience that he manifested during those hours
and weeks, and even months, of the most terrible suf-
fering man has often been called upon to endure, was
seemingly more than human. It was certainly God-
like. During all this period of deepest anxiety Mr.
Arthur's every move was watched, and be it said to his
credit that his every action displayed only an earnest
desire that the suffering Garfield might recover, to
serve the remainder of the term he had so auspi-
ciously begun. Not a selfish feeling was manifested
in deed or look of this man, even though the most
honored position in the world was at any moment
likely to fall to him.

At last God in his mercy relieved President Gar-
field from further suffering, and the world, as never
before in its history over the death of any other
man, vi^ept at his bier. Then it became the duty of
the Vice President to Lssume the responsibilities of
the high office, and he took the oath in New York.
Sept. 20, 1 88 1. The position was an embarrassing
one to him, made doubly so from the facts that all
eyes were, on him, anxious to know what he would do,
what policy he would pursue, and who he would se-
lect as advisers. The duties of the office had been
greatly neglected during the President's long illness,
and many important measures were to be immediately
decided by him ; and still farther to embarrass him he
did not fail to realize under what circumstances he
became President, and knew the feelings of many on
this point. Under these trying circumstances President
Arthur took the reins of the Government in Iiis own
hands ; and, as embarrassing as were the condition of
affairs, he happily surprised the nation, acting so
wisely that but few criticised his administration.
He served the nation well and faithfully, until the
close of his administration, March 4, 1885, and was
a popular candidate before his party for a second
term. His name was ably presented before the con-
vention at Chicago, and was received with great
favor, and doubtless but for the personal popularity
of one of the opposing candidates, he would have
been selected as the standard-bearer of his party
for another campaign. He retired to private life car-
rying with him the best wishes of the American peo-
ple, whom he had served in a manner satisfactory
to them and with credit to himself

xi^iyx^/^ C/^,^uc-C(lyiy^'(

TWENTY-SECONn PRESIDENT.

•03

TEPHEN GROVER CLEVE-
LAND, the twenty- second Pres-
ident of the United States, was
born in 1837, in the obscure
town of Caldwell, Essex Co.,
N. J., and in a little two-and-a-
half-story white house which is still
standing, characteristically to mark
the humble birth-place of one of
America's great men in striking con -
trast with the Old World, where all
men high in office must be high in
origin and born in the cradle of
wealth. When the subject of this
sketch was three years of age, his
father, who was a Presbyterian min-
ister, with a large family and a small salary, moved,
by way of the Hudson River and Erie Canal, to
Fayetteville, in search of an increased income and a
larger field of work. Fayetteville was then the most
straggling of country villages, about five miles from
Pompey Hill, where Governor Seymour was born.

At the last mentioned place young Grover com-
menced going to school in the "good, old-fashioned
way," and presumably distinguished himself after the
manner of all village boys, in doing the things he
ought not to do. Such is the distinguishing trait of
all geniuses and independent thinkers. When he
arrived at the age of 14 years, he had outgrown the
capacity of the village school and expressed a most

emphatic desire to be sent to an academy. To this
his father decidedly objected. Academies in those
days cost money; besides, his father wanted him to
become self-supporting by the quickest possible
means, and this at that time in Fayette/ille seemed
to be a position in a country store, where his father
and the large family on his hands had considerable
influence. Grover was to be paid $50 for his services
the first year, and if he proved trustworthy he was to
receive $100 the second year. Here the lad com-
menced his career as salesman, and in two years he
had earned so good a reputation for trustworthiness
that his employers desired to retain him for an in-
definite length of time. Otherwise he did not e.\-
hibit as yet any particular " flashes of genius " or
eccentricities of talent. He was simply a good boy.
But instead of remaining with this firm in Fayette-
ville, he went with the family in their removal to
Clinton, where he had an opportunity of attending a
high school. Here he industriously pursued his
studies until the family removed with him to a point
on Black River known as the " Holland Patent," a
village of 500 or 600 people, 15 miles north of Utica,
N. Y. At this place his father died, after preaching
but three Sundays. This event broke up the family,
and Grover set out for New York City to accept, at a
small salary, the position of " under-teacher " in an
asylum for the blind. He taught faithfully for two
years, and although he obtained a good reputation in
this capacity, he concluded that teaching was not his

ro4

S. GROVER CLEVELAND.

calling for life, and, reversing the traditional order,
ne left the city to seek his fortune, instead of going
to a city. He first thought of Cleveland, Ohio, as
ihere was some charra in that name for him ; but
before proceeding to that place he went to Buffalo to
»sk the advice of his uncle, Lewis F. Allan, a noted
stcck-breeder of that place. The latter did not
rpeak enthusiastically. "What is it you want to do,
my boy?" he asked. "Well, sir, I want to study
'aw," was the reply. "Good gracious!" remarked
the old gentleman ; " do you, indeed ? What ever put
Ihat into your head? How much money have you
got.'" "Well, sir, to tell the truth, I haven't got
anf."

Aiter a long consultation, his uncle offered him a
place temporarily as assistant herd-keeper, at $50 a
year, while he could "look around." One day soon
ifterward he boldly walked into the office of Rogers,
Bowen & Rogers, of Buffalo, and told Chem what he
wanted. .A number of young men were already en-
gaged in the office, but Grover's persistency won, and
ne was finally permitted to come as an office boy and
nave the use of the law library, for the nominal sum
of $3 or %\ a week. Out of this he had to pay for
his board and washing. The walk to and from his
uncle's was a long and rugged one; and, although
the first winter was a memorably severe one, his
shoes were out of repair and his overcoat — he had
none — yet he was nevertheless prompt and regular.
On the first day of his service here, his senior em-
ployer threw down a copy of Blackstone before him
with a bang that made the dust fly, saying "That's
»v-here they all begin." A titter ran around the little
circle of clerks and students, as they thought that
was enough to scare young Grover out of his plans ;
nut in due time he mastered that cumbersome volume.
Then, as ever afterward, however, Mr. Cleveland
e.xhibited a talent for e.xecutiveness rather than for
chasing principles through all their metaphysical
possibilities. " Let us quit talking and go and do
't," was practically his motto.

The first public office to which Mr. Cleveland was
ejected was that of Sheriff of Erie Co., N. Y., in
which Buffalo is situated; and in such capacity it fell
to his duty to inflict capital punishment upon two
criminals. In iSSt he was elected Mayor of the
City of Buffalo, on the Democratic ticket, with es-
pecial reference to the bringing about certain reforms

in the administration of the municipal affairs of that
city. In this office, as well as that of Sheriff, his
performance of duty has generally been considered
fair, with possibly a few exceptions which were fer-
reted out and magnified during the last Presidential
campaign. As a specimen of his plain language in
a veto message, we quote from one vetoing an iniqui-
tous street-cleaning contract : " This is a time for
plain speech, and my objection to your action shall
be plainly stated. I regard it as the culmination of
a mos bare-faced, impudent and shameless scheme
to betray the interests of the people and to worse
than squander the people's money." The New York
Sun afterward very highly commended Mr. Cleve-
land's administration as Mayor of Buffalo, and there-
upon recommended him for Governor of the Empire
State. To the latter office he was elected in 1882,
and his administration of the affairs of State was
generally satisfactory. The mistakes he made, if
any, were made very public throughout the nation
after he was nominated for President of the United
States. For this high office he was nominated July
rr, 1884, by the National Democratic Convention at
Chicago, when other competitors were Thomas F.
Bayard, Roswell P. Flower, Thomas A. Hendricks,
Benjamin F. Butler, Allen G. Thurman, etc.; and he
was elected by the people, by a majority of about a
thousand, over the brilliant and long-tried Repub-
lican statesman, James G. Blaine. President Cleve-
land resigned his office as Governor of New York in
January, 1885, in order to prepare for his duties as
the Chief Executive of the United States, in which
capacity his term commenced at noon on the 4th of
March, t8S5. For his Cabinet officers he selected
the following gentlemen: For Secretary of State,
Thomas F. Bayard, of Delaware ; Secretary of the
Treasury, Daniel Manning, of New York ; Secretary
of War, William C. Endicott, of Massachusetts;
Secretary of the Navy, William C. Whitney, of New
York; Secretary of the Interior, L. Q. C. Lamar, of
Mississippi; Postmaster-General, William F. Vilas,
of Wisconsin ; Attorney-General, A. H. Garland, of
Arkansas.

The silver question precipitated a controversy be-
tween those who were in favor of the continuance of
silver coinage and those who were opposed, Mr.
Cleveland answering for the latter, even before his
inauguratioi\.

•^^■

<i2-<^^-5^V't.<iit?*-z^

TWENTY-THIRD PRESIDENT.

107

••o*o-@v"v1e)-o4o..

-<<-•

ENJAMIN HARRISON, the

owenty-tliird rresidcnt, is
the descendant of one of the
historical families of this
country. The head of the
, ^. ff_--, ] ■•'ri family was a Major (ieneral
■f>!r^S^i,^ '^ Harrison, one of Oliver
§** Cromwell's trusted follow-

ers and figliters. In the zenith of Crom-
well's power it became the duty of this
Harrison to participate in tlie trial of
Charles I, and afterward to sign tlie
de.aih warrant of the king. He subse-
quently paid for this with his life, l)eing
hung Oct. 13, 1660. His descendants
came to America, and the next of tlie
family that appears in history is Benja-
-:.\n 'I.irrison, of Virginia, great-grand-
father of the subject of this sketch, and
after whom he was named. Benjamin Harrison
was a member of the Continental Congress during
the years 1 774-5-6, and was one of the original
signers of the Declaration of Independence. He
was three times elected Governor of Virginia.
Gen, AVilliam Henry Harrison, the son of the

distinguished patriot of the Revolution, after a suc-
cessful career as a soldier during the War of 1812,
and with -a clean record as Governor of the North-
western Territor}', was elected President of the
United States in 1840. His career was cut short
by death within one month ifter Iiis inauguration.
I'resident Harrison was born at North Bend,
Hamilton Co., Ohio, Aug. ''0, 1833. His life up to
the time of his graduation by the Miami University,
at Oxford, Ohio, was the uneventful one of a coun-
try lad of a family of small means. His father was
able to give him a good education, and nothing
more. He became engaged while at college to the
daughter of Dr. Scott, Principal of a female schoo'
at Oxford. After graduating he determined to en-
tor upon the study of the law. He went to Cin
cinnati and then read law for two years. At the
expiration of th.at time young Harrison receiv. d tt::
only inheritance of his life ; his aunt dying left him
a lot valued at $800. He regarded this legacy as a
fortune, and decided to get married at once, taks
tiiis money and go to some Eastern town an', be-
gin the practice of law. He sold his lot, and with
the mone}' in his pocket, he started out witii his
young wife to fight for a place in the world. Ke

10?

liElNdABIiM HAKlilSON.

cJecitled to go to Indianapolis, which was even at
lliat time a town of promise. He met with sliglit
L'ncoui'agenient at first, malcing scarce!}' anything
liie first 3'car. He woriicd diligently, ajjpljing him-
self closely to his calling, built np an extensive
practice and took a loading rank in the legal pro-
i'ession. He is the father of two children.

Ill 18CC Mr. Harrison was nominated for the
position of Supreme Court Repoitcr, and then be-
gan his experience as a stump speake- He can-
vassed the State thoroughly, and was elected bj' a
handsome majority. In 18{j2 he raised the 17th
Indiana Infantry, and was chosen its Colonel. His
regiment was composed of the rawest of material,
out Col. Harrison emploj'ed all his time at first
mastering military tactics and drilling his men,
when he therefore came to move toward the East
with Sherman his regiment was one of the best
(allied and organized in the arm}'. At Resaca he
especially distinguished himself, and for his bravery
r.t Peachtree Creek he was made a Brigadier Gen-
eral, Gen. riooker speaking of him in the most
complimentary terms.

During the absence of Gen. Harrison in the field
he Supreme Court declared the office of the Su-
preme Court Reporter vacant, and another person
was elected to the position. From the time of leav-
v.-jr Indiana with his regiment until the fall of 18G4
he had taken no leave of absence, but having been
nominated that year for the same oftice, he got a
thirty-day leave of absence, and during that time
made a brilliant canvass of the State, and was elected
for another term. He then started to rejoin Sher-
man, but on the way was stricken down with scarlet
_'ever, and after a most trying siege made his way
to the front in time to participate in the closing
incidents of the war.

In 18G8 Gen. Harrison declined ::. re-election as
jeporter, and resumed the pr.actice of law. In 187(3
he was a candidate for Governor. Although de-
/ 'Gated, the brilliant campaign he made won for him
a National reputation, and he was much sought, es-
pecial.y in the East, to make speeches. In 1880,
as usnnl, he took an active part in the campaign,
icnd vfii elected to theiUnited States Senate. Here
he served sis years, and v/as known as one of the
ablest men, best lawyer-" .aid strongest debaters in

that body. "With tiie expiration of his Senatorial
term he returned tf> the practice of his profession,
becoming the head of one of the strongest firms in
the State.

The political campaign of 1888 was one of the
inost memorable in the history of our country. The
convention which assembled in Chicago in June and
named IMr. Harrison as the chief standard bearer
of the Republican partv, was great in every partic-
ular, and on this account, and the attitude it as-
sumed uyon the vital rpiestions of the daj', chief
among which w.as the tariff, awoke a deej) interest
in the campaign throughout the Nation. Shortly
after the nomination delegations began to visit Mr.
Harrison at Indianapolis, his home. This move-
ment became popular, and from all sections of thc-
countr}^ societies, clubs and delegations journe3'ed
thither to p.ay their respects to the distinguished
statesman. The popularity of these was greatly
increased on account of the remarkable speeches
made by Mr. Harrison. He spoke dail}- all through
the summer and autumn to these visiting delega-
tions, and so varied, masterly and eloquent were
his speeches that they at once placed him in the
foremost rank of American orators and statesmen.

On account of iiis eloquence as a speaker and his
l>ower as a debater, he w.as called upon at an un-
commonly early age to take part in the discussion
of the gre.at questnms th.at then began to agitate
the country. He was an uncompromising ant:
sla\ery man, and was matched against some of tlie
n.ost eminent Democratic sjieakers of his State.
No man who felt the touch of his blade desired to
be pitted with him again. AVith all his eloq-'ence
as an orator he never spoke for oratorical effect,
but his words always went like bullets to the mark
He is iKircly American in his ideas and is a spier
did typo of the American statesman. Gifted witi
(piick perception, a logical mind and a ready tongue,
he is one of the most distinguished impromptu
speakers in the Nation. Many of these si)eeches
.'i|)arkled with the rarest of eloquence and contained
arguments of greatest weight. Many of his terse
statements have already become ai)horisms. Origi-
nal in thought, precise iu logic, terse in statement,
yet withal faultless in eloquence, he is recognized as
the sound statesman and bril'ian*: orator o^" the day

M%^

'tPU^-t^O^

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

HADRACH BOND, Uie first
Governor of Illinois after its
organization as a State, serving
from 1818 to 1822, was born in
J Frederick County, Maryland,
in the year 1773, and was
raised a farmer on his father's
plantation, receiving only a plain
Englibh education. He emigrated
to this State in 1794, when it was a
part of the "Northwest Territory,"
continuing in the vocation in which
he had been brought up in his native
State, in the " New Design," near
Eagle Creek, in what is now Monroe
County. He served several terms as
a member of the General Assembly
of Indiana Territory, after it was organized as such,
and in 1812-14 he was a Delegate to the Twelfth
and Thirteenth Congresses, taking his seat Dec. 3,
I Si 2, and serving until Oct. 3, (814. These were
the times, the reader will recollect, when this Gov-
ernment had its last struggle with Great Britain.
The year 1812 is also noted in the history of this
State as that in which the first Territorial Legislature
was held. It convened at Kaskaskia, Nov. 25, and
adjourned Dec. 26, following.

While serving as Delegate to Congress, Mr. Bond
was instrumental in procuring the right of pre-emp-
tion on the public domain. On the expiration of his
term at Washington he was appointed Receiver of
Public Moneys at Kaskaskia, then the capital of the
Territory. In company with John G. Comyges,

Thomas H. Harris, Charles Slade, Michael Jones,
Warren Brown, Edward Humphries and Charles W
Hunter, he became a proprietor of the site of the
initial city of Cairo, which they hoped, from its favor-
able location at the junction of the two greav
rivers near the center of the Great West, would
rapidly develop into a metropolis. To aid the enter-
prise, they obtained a special charter from the Legis-
lature, incorporaUng both the City and the Bank of
Cairo.

In 1818 Mr. Bond was elected the first Governor
of the State of Illinois, being inaugurated Oct. 6
that year, which was several weeks before Illinois
was actually admitted. The facts are these: In
January, 1818, the Territorial Legislature sent a peti-
tion to Congress for the admission of Illinois as a
State, Nathaniel Pope being then Delegate. The
petition was granted, fixing the northern line of the
State on the latitude of the southern extremity of
Lake Michigan; but the bill was afterward so amend-
ed as to extend this line to its present latitude. In
July a convention was called at Kaskaskia to draft a
constitution, which, however, was not submitted to
the people. By its provisions, supreme judges, pros
ecuUng attorneys, county and circuit judges, record-
ers and justices of the peace were all to be appointed
by the Governor or elected by the Legislature. This
constitution was accepted by Congress Dec. 30. At
that time Illinois comprised but eleven counties,
namely, Randolph, Madison, Gallatin, Johnson,
Pope, Jackson, Crawford, Bond, Union, Washington
and Franklin, the northern portion of the State be-
ing mainly in Madison County. Thus it appears
that Mr. Bond was honored by the naming of a

SHADRACH BOND.

county before he was elected Governor. The present
county of Bond is of small limitations, about 60 to 80
miles south of Springfield. For Lieutenant Governor
the people chose Pierre Menard, a prominent and
worthy Frenchman, after whom a county in this State
is named. In this election there were no opposition
candidates, as the popularity of these men had made
tlieir promotion to the chief offices of the Siate, even
before the constitution was drafted, a foregone con-
clusion.

The principal points that excited the people in
reference to political issues at this period were local
or "internal improvements," as they were called.
State banks, location of the capital, slavery and the
personal characteristics of the proposed candidates.
Mr. Bond represented the " Convention party," for
introducing slavery into the State, supported by Elias
Ke It Kane, liis Secretary of State, and John Mc-
Lean, while Nathaniel Pope and John P. Cook led
the anti-slavery element. The people, however, did
not become very much excited over this issue until
1S20, when the f.imTas Missouri Compromise was
adopted by Congress, limiting slavery to the south
of the parallel of 36° 30' except in Missouri. While
this measure settled the great slavery controversy,
so far as the average public sentiment was tempor-
arily concerned, until 1854, when it was repealed
under the leidership of Stephen A. Douglas, the issue
as considered locally in this State was not decided
until 1S24, after a most furious campaign. (See
sketch of Gov. Coles.) The ticket of 1818 was a
compromise one, Bond representing (moderately) the
pro-slavery sentiment and Menard the anti-slavery.

An awkward element in the State government
under Gov. Bond's administration, was the imperfec-
tion of the State constitution. The Convention
wished to have Elijah C. Berry for the first Auditor
of Public Accounts, but, as it was believed that the
new Governor would not appoint him to the office,
t-lie Convention declared in a schedule that " an
auditor of public accounts, an attorney general and
such other officers of the State as may be necessary,
may be appointed by the General Assembly." The
Constitution, as it stood, vested a very large apixsint-
ing power in the Governor ; but for the purpose of
getting one man into office, a total change was made,
and the power vested in the Legislature. Of this
provision the Legislature took advantage, and de-

clared that State's attorneys, canal commissioners,
bank directors, etc., were all '" officers of the State "
and must therefore be appointed by itself independ-
ently of the Governor.

During Gov. Bond's administration a general law
was passed for the incorporation of academies and
towns, and one authorizing lotteries. The session of
1822 authorized the Governor to appoint commis-
sioners, to act in conjunction with like commissioners
appointed by the State of Indiana, to report on the
practicability and expediency of improving the navi-
gation of the Wabash River; also inland navigation
generally. Many improvements were recommended,
some of which have been feebly worked at even till
the present day, those along the Wabash being of no
value. Also, during Gov. Bond's term of office, the
capital of the State was removed from Kaskaskia to
Vandalia. In 1820 a law was passed by Congress
authorizing this State to open a canal through the
public lands. The State appointed commissioners
to explore the route and prepare the necessary sur-
veys and estimates, preparatory to its execution ;
but, being unable out of its own resources to defray
the expenses of the undertaking, it was abandoned
until some time after Congress made the grant of
land for the purpose of its construction.

On the whole. Gov. Bond's administration was
fairly good, not being open to severe criticism from
any party. In 1S24, two years after the expiration
of his term of office, he was brought out as a candi-
date for Congress against the formidable John P.
Cook, but received only 4,374 votes to 7,460 for the
latter. Gov. Bond was no orator, but had made
many fast friends by a judicious bestowment of his
gubernatorial patronage, and these worked zealously
for him in the campaign.

In 1827 e.x-Gov. Bond was appointed by the Leg-
islature, with Wm. P. McKee and Dr. Gershoni
Jayne, as Commissioners to locate a site for a peni-
tentiary on the Mississippi at or near Alton.

Mr. Bond was of a benevolent and convivial dis-
position, a man of shrewd observation and clear ap-
preciation of events. His person was erect, stand-
ing six feet in height, and after middle life became
portly, weighing 200 pounds. His features were
strongly masculine, complexion dark, hair jet and
eyes hazel ; was a favorite with the ladies. He died
April 1 1, 1S30, in peace and contentment.

Id^t^^-UA^) Coxi<^

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

lEbwa rb C oles.

DWARD COLES, second
Governor of Illinois, 1823-
, 6, was born Dec. 15, 1786,
in Albemarle Co., Va., on
the old family estate called
" Enniscorthy," on the
Green Mountain. His fath-
er, Jolin Coles, was a Colonel in the
Revolutionary War. Having been fit-
ted for college by private tutors, he
was sent to Hampden Sidney, where
lie remained until the autumn of 1805,
when he was removed to William and
Mary College, at Williamsburg, Va.
This college he left in the summer of
I Soy, a short time before the final and graduating
exami lation. Among his classmates were Lieut.
Gen. Scott, President Jolm Tyler, Wm. S. Archer,
United Slates Senator from Virginia, and Justice
Baldwin, of the United States Supreme Court. The
Presiilent of the latter college, Bishop Madison, was
a cousin of President James Madison, and that cir-
cumstance was the occasion of Mr. Coles becoming
personally acquainted with the President and re-
ceiving a position as his private secretary, 1809-15.
The family of Coles was a prominent one in Vir-
ginia, and their mansion was the seat of the old-
fashioned Virginian hospitality. It was visited by
such potables as Patrick Heury, Jefferson, Madison,
Monroe, the Randolphs, Tazewell, Wirt, etc. At the
age of 23, young Coles found himself heir to a plant-
ation and a considerable numl)er of slaves. Ever
since his earlier college days his attention had been
drawn to the question of slavery. He read every-

thing on the subject that came in his way, and
listened to lectures on the rights of man. The more
he reflected upon the subject, the more impossible
was it for him to reconcile the immortal declaration
"that all men are born free and equal " with the
practice of slave-holding. He resolved, therefore, to
free his slaves the first opportunity, and even remove
his residence to a free State. One reason vi^hich de-
termined him to accept the appointment as private
secretary to Mr. Madison was because he believed
that through the acquaintances he could make at
Washington he could better determine in what part
of the non-slaveho!ding portion of the Union he would
prefer to settle.

The relations between Mr. Coles and President
Madison, as well as Jefferson and other distinguished
men, were of a very friendly character, arising from
the similarity of their views on the question of slavery
and their sympathy for each other in holding doc-
trines so much at variance with the prevailing senti-
ment in their own State.

In 1857, he resigned his secretaryship and spent a
portion of the following autimin in exploring the
Northwest Territory, for the purpose of finding a lo-
cation and purchasing lands on which to settle his
negroes. He traveled with a horse and buggy, with
an extra man and horse for emergencies, through
many parts of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Missouri,
determining finally to settle in Illinois. At this time,
however, a misunderstanding arose between our
Government and Russia, and Mr. Coles was selected
to repair to St. Petersburg on a special mission, bear-
ing important papers concerning the matter at issue.
The result was a conviction of the Emperor (Alex-

ii6

EDWARD COLES.

andcr) of the error committed by his minister at
Washington, and tlie consequent withdrawal of the
the latter from the post. On his return, Mr. Coles
visited other parts of Europe, especially Paris, where
he was introduced to Gen. Lafayette.

In the spring of i8ig, he removed with all his
negroes from Virginia to Edwardsville, 111., with the
intention of giving them their liberty. He did not
make known to them his intention until one beautiful
morning in April, as they were descending the Ohio
River. He lashed all the boats together and called
all the negroes on deck and made them a short ad-
dress, concluding his remarks by so expressing him-
self that by a turn of a sentence he proclaimed in
the shortest and fullest manner that they were no
longer slaves, but free as he was and were at liberty
to proceed with him or go ashore at their pleas-
ure. A description of the effect upon the negroes is
best desciibed in his own language :

"The effect upon them was electrical. They stared
at n-.e and then at each other, as if doubting the ac-
curacy or reality of what they heard. In breathless
silence they stood before me, unable to utter a word,
but with countenances beaming with e.xpression whicli
no words could convey, and which no language
can describe. As they began to see the truth of
what they had heard, and realize their situation, there
came on a kind of hysterical, giggling laugh. After
a pause of intense and unutterable emotion, bathed
in tears, and with tremulous voices, they gave vent to
their gratitude and implored the blessing of God
on me."

Before landing he gave them a general certificate
of freedom, and afterward conformed more particu-
larly with the law of this State requiring that each
individual should have a certificate. This act of
Mr. Coles, all the more noble and heroic considering
the overwhelming pro-slavery influences surrounding
him, has challenged the admiration of every philan-
thropist of inodern tiines.

March 5, 1819, President Monroe appointed Mr.
Coles Registrar of the Land Office at Edwardsvihe,
at that time one of the principal land offices in the
State. While acting in this capacity and gaining
many friends by his jwliteness and general intelli-
gence, the greatest struggle that ever occurred in
Illinois on the slavery ques'.ion culminated in the
furious contest characterizing the campaigns and
elections of 1822-4. In the sumnrer of 1823, when a
new Governor was to be elected to succeed Mr.
Bond, the pro-slavery element divided into factions,
putting forward for the executive office Joseph
Phillips, Chief Justice of the State, Thomas C.
Browne and Gen. James B. Moore, of the State Mil-
itia. The anti-slavery element united upon Mr.
(-oles, and, after one of the most bitter campaigns,
succeeded in electing him as Governor. His plural-
ity over Judge Phillips was only 59 in a total vote of

over 8,000. The Lieutenant Governor was elected
by the slavery men. Mr. Coles' inauguration speech
was marked by calmness, deliberation and such a
wise expression of appropriate suggestions as to
elicit the sanction of all judicious politicians. But
he com|)roniised not with evil. In his message to
the Legislature, the seat of Government being then
at Vandalia, he strongly urged the abrogation of the
modified form of slavery which then existed in this
State, contrary to the Ordinance of 1787. His posi-
tion on this subject seems the more remarkable, when
it is considered that he was a minority Governor, the
population of Illinois being at that time almost ex-
clusively from slave-holding States and by a large
majority in favor of the perpetuation of that old relic
of barbarism. The Legislature itself was, of course,
a reflex of the popular sentiment, and a majority of
them were led on by fiery men in denunciations of
the conscientious Governor, and in curses loud and
deep upon him and all his friends. Some of the
public men, indeed, went so far as to head a sort of
mob, or " shiveree " party, who visited the residence
of the Governor and others at Vandalia and yelled
and groaned and spat fire.

The Constitution, not establishing or permitting
slavery in this State, was thought therefore to be
defective by the slavery politicians, and they desired
a State Convention to be elected, to devise and sub-
mit a new Constitution; and the dominant politics
of the day was "Convention" and "anti-Conven-
tion." Both parties issued addresses to the people.
Gov. Coles himself being the author of the address
published by the latter party. This address revealed
the schemes of the conspirators in a masterly .nan-
ner. It is difficult for us at this distant day to esti-
mate the critical and extremely delicate situation iii
which the Governor was placed at that time.

Our hero maintained himself honorably and with
supreme dignity throughout his administration, and
in his honor a county in this State is named. He
was truly a great man, and thqse who lived in
this State during his sojourn here, like those who-
live at the base of the mountain, were too near to see
and recognize the greatness that overshadowed them.

Mr. Coles was married Nov. 28, 1S33, by Bishop
De Lancey, to Miss Sally I_x)gan Roberts, a daughter
of Hugh Roberts, a descendant of Welsh ancestrv,
who cami to this country with Wm. Penn in 1682.

After the expiration of his term of service. Gov.
Coles continued his residence in Edwardsville, sup-
erintending his farm in the vicinity. He was fond
of agriculture, and was the founder of the first agri-
cultural society in the State. On account ^ ill
health, however, and having no family to tie him
down, he spent much of his time in Eastern cities.
About 1832 he changed his residence to Philadel-
phia, where he died July 7, 1868, and is buried at
Woodland, near that city.

' O c^^-c^yi^^^

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

^ fe^rf ^

— ^..<^-4^4.^-»..

■3

INIAN EDWARDS, Govei nor
from 1827 to 1830, was a son
of Benjamin Edwards, and
was born in Montgomery
o County, Maryland, in March,
"' -^ \TT^- His domestic train-
^^' ing was well fitted to give
his mind strength, firmness and
honorable princii)les, and a good
foundation was laid for the elevated
character to which he afterwards
attained. His parents were Bap-
tists, and very strict in their moral
principles. His education in early
youth was in company with and
partly under the tuition of Hon. \Vm.
Wirt, whom his father patronized^
and who was more than two years
older. An intimacy was thus
formed between them which was lasting for life. He
was further educated at Dickinson College, at Car-
lisle, Pa. He ne.Kt commenced the study of law, l.)ut
before completing his course he moved to Nelson
County, Ky., to open a farm for his father and to
purchase homes and locate lands for his brothers and
sisters. Here he fell in the company of dissolute
companions, and for several years led the life of a
spendthrift. He was, however, elected to the Legis-
lature of Kentucky as the Representative of Nelson
i^ounty before he was 2 i years of age, and was re-
elected by an almost unanimous vote.

In 1798 he was licensed to practice law, and the
following year was admitted to the Courts of Tennes-
see. About this time he left Nelson County for
Russellville, in Logan County, broke away from his
dissolute companions, commenced a reformation and
devoted himself to severe and laborious study. He
then began to rise rapidly in his profession, and soon
became an eminent lawyer, and inside of four years
he filled in succession the offices of Presiding Judge
of the General Court, Circuit Judge, fourth Jndge of
the Court of Appeals and Chief Justice of the State,
— all before he was 32 years of age ! \\\ addition, in
1802, he received a commission as Major of a battal-
ion of Kentucky militia, and in 1804 was chosen a
Presidential Elector, on the Jefferson and Clinton
ticket. In 1806 he was a candidate for Congress,
but withdrew on being promoted to the Court of
Appeals.

Illinois was organized as a separate Territory in
the spring of iSog, when Mr. Edwards, then Chief
Justice of the Court of Appeals in Kentucky, received
from President Madison the appointment as Gover-
nor of the new Territory, his commission bearing date
April 24, 1809. Edwards arrived at Kaskaskia ia
June, and on the i ith of that month took the oaih cf
office. At the same time he was appointed Superin-
tendent of the United States Saline, this Government
interest then developinginto considerable proi)oniou.>
in Southern Illinois. Although during tlie first three
years of bis administration he had the power to make
new counties and appoint all the officers, yet he always
allowed the people of each county, by an informal

120

NINIAN EDWARDS.

vote, to select their own officers, both civil and mili-
tary. The noted John J. Crittenden, afterward
United States Senator from Kentucky, was appointed
by Gev. Edwards to the office of Attorney General of
the Territory, which office was accepted for a short
time only.

The Indians in t8io committing sundry depreda-
tions in the Territory, crossing the Mississippi from
the Territory of Louisiana, a long correspondence fol-
lowed between the respective Governors concerning
the remedies, which ended in a council with the sav-
ages at Peoria in 1S12, and a fresh interpretation of
the treaties. Peoria was depopulated by these de-
predations, and was not re-settled for many _years
afterward.

As Gov. Edwards' term of office expired by law in
181 2, he was re-appointed for anotiier term of three
years, and again in 1815 for a third term, serving
until the organization of the State in the fall of 181 8
and the inauguration of Gov. Bond. At this time
e.x-Gov. Edwards was sent to the United States
Senate, his colleague being Jesse B. Thomas. As
Senator, Mr. Edwards took a conspicuous part, and
acquitted himself honorably in all the measures that
came up in that body, being well posted, an able de-
Liater and a conscientious statesman. He thought
seriously of resigning this situation in i82i,but was
persuaded by his old friend, Wm. Wirt, and others to
continue in office, which he did to the end of the
term.

He was then appointed Minister to Mexico by
President Monroe. About this time, it appears that
Mr. Edwards saw suspicious signs in the conduct of
Wm. H. Crawford, Secretary of the United States
Treasury, and an ambitious candidate for the Presi-
dency, and being implicated by the latter in some of
his statements, he resigned his Mexican mission in
order fully to investigate the charges. The result
was the exculpation of Mr. Edwards.

Pro-slavery regulations, often termed "Black Laws,"
disgraced the statute books of both the Territory and
'.he State of Illinois during the whole of his career in
Jiis commonwealth, and Mr. Edwards always main-
tained the doctrines of freedom, and was an important
;xtor in the great struggle which ended in a victory
for his party in 1824.

In 182&-7 the Winnebago and other Indians com-
mitted son-e depredations in the northern part of the

State, and the white settlers, who desired the lands
and wished to exasperate the savages into an evacu-
ation of the country, magnified the misdemeanors of
the aborigines and thereby produced a hostility be-
tween the races so great as to precipitate a little war,
known in history as the "Winnebago War." A few
chases and skirmishes were had, when Gen. Atkinson
succeeded in capturing Red Bird, tlie Indian chief,
and putting him to death, thus ending the contest, at
least until the troubles commenced which ended in
the " Black Hawk War " of 1832. In the interpre-
tation of treaties and execution of their provisions
Gov. Edwards had much vexatious work to do. The
Indians kept themselves generally within the juris-
diction of Michigan Territory, and its Governor,
Lewis Cass, was at a point so remote that ready cor-
respondence with him was difficult or impossible.
Gov. Edwards' administration, however, in regard to
the protection of -the Illinois frontier, seems to have
been very efficient and satisfactory.

For a considerable portion of his time after his re-
moval to Illinois, Gov. Edwards resided upon his
farm near Kaskaskia, which he had well stocked with
horses, cattle and sheep from Kentucky, also with
fruit-trees, grape-vines and shrubbery. He estab-
lished saw and grist-mills, and engaged extensively
in mercantile business, having no less than eight or ten
stores in this State and Missouri. Notwithstanding
the arduous duties of his office, he nearly always pur-
chased the goods himself with which to supply the
stores. Although not a regular practitioner of medi-
cine, he studied the healing art to a considerable ex-
tent, and took great pleasure in prescribing for, and
taking .care of, the sick, generally without charge.
He was also liberal to the poor, several widows and
ministers of the gospel becoming indebted to him
even for their homes.

He married Miss Elvira Lane, of Maryland, in
1803, and they became the affectionate parents of
several children, one of whom, especially, is weL
known to the people of the '■ Prairie State," namely,
Ninian Wirt Edwards, once the Superintendent c'
Public Instruction and still a resident of Springfield
Gov. Edwards resided at and in the vicinity of Kas-
kaskia from 1809 to 1818; in Edwardsville (named
after him) from that time to 1824; and from the lat-
ter date at Belleville, St. Clair County, until his
death, July 20, 1833, of .Asiatic cholera. Edwards
County is also named in his honor.

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

:l%^€»s^^V®)S<®>^X£>^^

goto ^e§!i0lfe. ^#

( )HN REYNOLDS, Governor 1831-

i-^»» 4' ^^'is born in Montgomery Coun-
ty, Pennsylvania, Feb. 26, 1788.
His father, Robert Reynolds and
his mother, nee Margaret Moore,
were botli natives of Ireland, from
which country they emigrated to
the United States in 1785, land-
ing at Philadelphia. The senior
Reynolds entertained an undying
liostility to the British Govern-
ment. When the subject of this
sketch was about six months old,
his parents emigrated with him to
Tennessee, where many of their
relatives had already located, at the base of the
Copper Ridge Mountain, about 14 miles northeast of
the present city of Knoxville. There they were ex-
posed to Indian depredations, and were much molest-
ed by them. In 1794 they moved into the interior
of the State. They were poor, and brought up their
children to habits of manual industry.

In 1800 the family removed to Kaskaskia, 111., with
eight horses and two wagons, encountering many
Hardships on the way. Here young Reynolds passed
the most of his childhood, while his character began
to develop, the most prominent traits of which were
ambition and energy. He also adopted the principle
and practice of total abstinence from intoxicating
liquors. In 1807 the family made another removal,

this time to the " Goshen Settlement," at the foot of
the Mississippi bluffs three or four miles soutliwest
of Edwardsville.

On arriving at his 20th year, Mr. Reynolds, seeing
tiiat he must look about for his own livelihood and
nut yet having determined what calling to pursue,
concluded first to attend college, and he accordingly
went to such an institution of learning, near Knox-
ville, Tenn., where he had relatives. Imagine his
diffidence, when, after passing the first 20 years of
liis life without ever having seen a carpet, a papered
wall or a Windsor chair, and never having lived in a
shingle-roofed house, he suddenly ushered himseh'
into the society of the wealthy in the vicinity of
Knoxville! He attended college nearly two years,
going through the principal Latin authors ; but it
seems that he, like the rest of the world in modern
times, had but very little use for his Latin in after
life. He always failed, indeed, to exhibit any gooo
degree of literary disciplme. He commenced tlie
study of law in Knoxville, l)ut a pulmonary trouble
came on and compelled Iiim to change his mode
of life. Accordingly he returned home and re-
cuperated, and in r8t2 resumed his college and
law studies at Knoxville. In the fall of 1812 he was
admitted to the Bar at Kaskaskia. About this time
he also learned the French language, which he
practiced witli pleasure in conversation with his
family for many years. He regarded this language
as being superior to all others for social intercourse.

124

JOHN REYNOLDS.

From his ser.nces in the West, in the war of 1812,
he obtained the sobriquet of the " Old Ranger." He
was Orderly Sergeant, then Judge Advocate.

Mr. Reynolds opened his first law office in the
winter and spring of 1814, inthe French village of
Cahokia, then the capital of St. Clair County.

In the fall of 1818 he was elected an Associate
Justice upon the Supreme Bench by the General
Assembly. In 1825 he entered more earnestly than
ever into the practice of law, and the very next year
was elected a member of the Legislature, where he
acted independently of all cliques and private inter-
ests. In 1828 the Whigs and Democrats were for
the first time distinctively organized as such in Illi-
nois, and the usual party bitterness grew up and
raged on all sides, while Mr. Reynolds preserved a
•udicial calmness and moderation. The real animus
if the campaign was " Jackson " and " anti-Jackson,"
"he former party carr>'ing the State.

In August, 1830, Mr. Reynolds was elected Gov-
.rnor, amid great excitement. Installed in office, he
did all within his power to advance the cause of edu-
cation, internal improvements, the Illinois «S: Mich-
igan Canal, the harbor at Chicago, settling the coun-
try, etc.; also reccmmended the winding up of the
State Bank, as its affairs had become dangerously
complicated. In his national politics, he was a
moderate supporter of General Jackson. But the
most celebrated event of his gubernatorial admin-
istration was the Black Hawk War, which occurred
in 1832. He called out the militia and prosecuted
the contest with commendable diligence, appearing
in i)erson on the battle-grounds during the most
critical periods. He was recognized by the President
as Major-General.and authorized by him to make
treaties with the Indians. By the assistance of the
general Government the war was terminated without
much bloodshed, but after many serious fights. This
war, as well as everything else, was materially re-
tarded by the occurrence of Asiatic cholera in the
West. This was its first appearance here, and was
llie next event in prominence during Gov. Reynolds'
term.

South Carolina nullification coming up at this time,
r was heartily condemned by both President Jackson
c.nd Gov. Reynolds, who took precisely the same
grounds as the Unionists in the last war.

On the termination of his gubernatorial term in
• 834, Gov. Reynolds was elected a Member of Con-
gress, still coiisidering himself a backwoodsman, as
' e had scarcely been outside of the State since he
became of age, and had spent nearly all his youthful
days in the wildest region of the frontier. His first
•nove in Congress was to adopt a resolution that in
all elections made by the House for officers the votes
should be given viva voce, each member in his jilace
naming aloud the person for whom he votes. This
created considerable heated discussion, but was es-

sentially adopted, and remained the controlling prin-
cipte for many years. The ex-Governor was scarcely
absent from his seat a single day, during eight ses-
sions of Congress, covering a period of seven years,
and he never vacillated in a party vote; but he failed
to get the Democratic party to foster his " National
Road" scheme. He says, in "My Own Times" (a
large autobiography he published), that it was only
by rigid economy that he avoided insolvency while in
\Vashington. During his sojourn in that city he was
married, to a lady of the place.

In 1837, while out of Congress, and in company
with a few others, he built the first railroad in the
Mississippi Valley, namely, one about six miles long,
leading from his coal mine in the Mississippi bluff to
the bank of the river opposite St. Louis. Having not
the means to purchase a locomotive, they operated it
by horse-power. The next spring, however, the com-
pany sold out, at great sacrifice.

In 1839 the ex-Governor was apix)inted one of the
Canal Commissioners, and authorized to borrow
money to prosecute the enterprise. Accord' ngly, he
repaired to Philadelphia and succeeding in obtaining
a million dollars, which, however, was only a fourth
of what was wanted. The same year he and his
wife made at our of Europe. This year, also, Mr.
Reynolds had the rather awkward little resjxjnsibility
of introducing to President Van Buren the noted
Mormon Prophet, Joseph Smith, as a " Latter-Day
Saint!"

In 1846 Gov. Reynolds was elected a member of
the Legislature from St. Clair County, more particu-
larly for the pur[X)3e of obtaining a feasible charter
for a macadamized road from Belleville to St. Louis,
a distance of nearly 14 miles. This wasimmedia,tely
built, and was the first road of the kind in the State.
He was again elected to the Legislature in 1852, when
he was chosen Speaker of the House. In 1S60, aged
and infirm, he attended the National Democratic
Convention at Charleston, S. C, as an anti-Douglas
Delegate, where he received more attention from the
Southern Delegates than any other member. He
supported Breckenridge for the Presidency. After
the October elections foreshadowed the success of
Lincoln, he published an address urging the Demo-
crats to rally to the support of Douglas. Immedi-
ately preceding and during the late war, his corre-
spondence evinced a clear sympathy for the Southern
secession, and about the first of March, 1861, he
urged upon the Buchanan officials the seizure of the
treasure and arms in the custom-house and arsenal
at St. Louis. Mr. Reynolds was a rather talkative
man, and apt in all the Western phrases and catch-
words that ever gained currency, besides many cun-
ning and odd ones of his own manufacture.

He was married twice, but had no children. He
died in Belleville, in May, 1865, just after the close
of the war.

GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

127

>-i-^ — '"mtm-^i^^ — s^-i-<- — ■

I.LIAM LEE U. EVVING,
"- Governor of Illinois Nov. 3
'ip to 17, 1834, was a native
of Kenlucky, and probably
of Scotch ancestry. He bad
a fine education, was a gentle-
man of polisbed manners and
refined sentiment. In 1830 John Rey-
nolds was elected Governor of the State,
and Zadok Casey Lieutenant Governor,
and fur the i)rincipal events that followed,
and the characteristics of the times, see
sketch of Gov. Reynolds. The first we
see in history concerning Mr. Ewing, in-
forms us that he was a Receiver of Public
Moi.eys at Vandalia soon after the organization of
Wiis State, and that the public moneys in his Jiands
vere deposited in various banks, as they are usually
.' tJK present day. In 1823 the State Bank was
obbed, by which disaster Mr. Ewing lost a thousand-
dollar deposit.

The subject of this sketch had a commission as
colonel in the Black Hawk War, and in emergencies
he acled also as Major. In the summer of 1832,
■^"/hen i vras rumored among the whites that Black
Hawk ar.d his men had encamped somewhere on
Rock River, Gen. Henry was sent on a tour of
reconnoisance, and with orders to drive the Indians
from the State. After some opposition from his
subordinate officers, Henry resolved to proceed up
Rock River in search of the enemy. On tlie igth of
July, early in the morning, five baggage wagons,

camp eijuipage and all heavy and cumbersome arti-
cles were piled up and left, so that the army might
make speedy and forced marches. For some miles
the travel was exceedingly bad, crossing swamps
and the worst thickets; but the large, fresh trail
give life and animation to the Americans. Gen.
Dodge and Col. Ewing were both acting as Majors,
and composed the " spy corps " or vanguard of the
army. It is supposed the army marched nearly 50
miles this day, and the Indian trail they followed
became fresher, and was strewed with much property
and trinkets of the red-skins that they had lost or
thrown away to hasten tlieir march. Daring the
following night tiiere was a terrific thunder-storm, and
the soldiery, with all their appurtenances, were thor-
oughly drenched.

On approaching nearer the Indians the next day.
Gen. Dodge and Major Ewing, each commanding a
battalion of men, were placed in front to bring on the
battle, but the savages were not overtaken this day
Forced marches were continued until tiiey reached.
Wisconsin River, where a veritable battle ensued,
resulting in the death of about 68 of Black Hawk's
men. The next day they continued the chase, and
as soon as he discovered the trail of the Indians
leading toward the Mississippi, Maj. Ewing formed
his battalion in order of battle and awaited tlie order
of Gen. Henry. The latter soon appeared on the
ground and ordered a charge, which directly resulted
in chasing the red warriors across the great river.
Maj. Ewing and his command proved particularly
efficient in war, as it seems they were the chief actors
in driving the main body of the Sacs and Foxes, in-

128

WILLIAM L. D. EWING.

eluding Black Hawk himself, across ihe Mississippi,
wliile Gen. Atkinson, commander-in-chief of the ex-
pedition, with a body of the army, was hunting for
tliem 'n another direction.

In the above affair Maj. Ewing is often referred to
as a "General," whicli title he had derived from his
connection with the militia.

It was in the latter part of the same year (1S32)
that Lieutenant Governor Casey was elected to Con-
gress and Gen. Ewing, who had been elected to the
Senate, was chosen to preside over that body. At
ihe August election of 1S34, Gov. Reynolds was also
elected to Congress, more than a year ahead of the
time at which he could actually take his seat, as was
then the law. His predecessor, Chailes Slade, had
just died of Asiatic cholera, soon after the elec-
tion, and Gov. Reynolds was chosen to serve out his
unexpired term. Accordingly he set out for Wash-
i:-;gton in November of that year to take his seat in
Congress, and Gen. Ewing, by virtue of his office as
President of the Senate, became Governor of the
Stat3 of Illinois, his term covering only a period of
15 davs, namely, from the 3d to the 17th days, in-
clusive, of November. On the 17th the Legislature
met, and Gov. Ewing transmitted to that body his
message, giving a statement of the condition of the
affairs of the State at that time, and urging a contin-
uance of the policy adopted by his predecessor; and
on the same day Governor elect Joseph Duncan
Tfas sworn into office, thus relieving Mr. Ewing from

the responsible situation. This is the only time that
such a juncture has happened in the history of Illi-
nois.

On the 29th of December, 1835, Gen. Ewing was
elected a United States Senator to serve out the
unexpired term of Elias Kent Kane, deceased. The
latter gentleman was a very prominent figure in the
early politics of lUinoif, and a county in this State is
named in his honor. The election of Gen. Ewing to
the Senate was a protracted struggle. His competi-
tors were James Semple, who afterwards held several
innxjrtant offices in this State, and Richard M.
Young, afterward a United States Senator and a
Supreme Judge and a man of vast influence. On
the first ballot Mr. Semple had 25 votes, Young 19
and Ewing 18. On the eighth ballot Young was
dropped ; the ninth and tenth stood a tie ; but on
the i2tli Ewing received 40, to Semple 37, and was
accordingly declared elected. In 1S37 Mr. Ewing
received some votes for a continuance of his term in
Congress, when Mr. Young, just referred to, was
elected. In 1842 Mr. Ewing was elected State
Audit':>r on the ticket with Gov. Ford.

Gen. Ewing was a gentleman of culture, a lawyer
by profession, and was much in public life. In person
he was above medium height and of heavy build,
with auburn hair, blue eyes, large-sized head and
short face. He was genial, social, friendly and
affable, with fair talent, though of no high degree of
originality. He died March 25, 1846.

tat

:.-i0%

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

'3'

^^(i ^iGj2j2;^^"«r»<='«« 6 .-

W>f^

OSEPH DUNCAN, Governor
1S34-8, was born at Paris,
Ky., Feb. 23, 1794. At the
tender age of 19 years he en-
listed in the war against Greal
Britain, and as a soldier he
acquitted himself with credit. He
was an Ensign under the daunt-
less Croghan at Lower Sandusky,
\i or Fort Stephenson. In Illinois
he first appeared in a public capa-
city as Major-General of the Militia,
a position which his military fame
had procured him. Subsequently
he became a State Senator from
I Jackson County, and is honorably
mentioned for introducing the first bill providing for
a free-school system. In 1S26, when the redoubt-
able Joiin P. Cook, who had previously beaten such
men as John McLean, Elias Kent Kane and ex-
Gov. Bond, came up for the fourth time for Congress,
Mr. Duncan was brought forward against him by his
friends, greatly to the surprise of all the politicians.
As yet he was but little known in the State. He was
an original Jackson man at that time, being attached
to his political fortune in admiration of the glory of
his militaiy achievements. His chances of success
against Cook were generally regarded as hopeless,
but he entered upon the campaign undaunted. His
speeches, though short and devoid of ornament, were
full of good sense. He made a diligent canvass of
the State, Mr. Cook being hindered by the condition of
his health. The most that was expected of Mr.
Duncan, under the circumstances, was that he would

obtain a respectable vote, but without defeating Mr.
Cook. The result of the campaign, however, was a
source of surprise and amazement to both friends
and foes, as Mr. Duncan canie out 641 votes ahead!
He received 6,321 votes, and Mr. Cook 5,680. Un-
til this deiwiitinent, the violence of party feeling
smoldering in the breasts of the people on account
of the defeat of Jackson, was not duly appreciated.
Aside from the great convention struggle of 1824, no
other than mere local and pergonal considerations
had ever before controlled an election in Illinois.

From the above date Mr. Duncan retained his
seat in Co.igress until his election as Governor in
.\ugust, 1834. The first and bloodless year of the
Black Hawk War he was appointed by Gov. Rey-
nolds to the position of Brigadier-General of the
\olunteers, and he conducted his brigade to Rock
Island. But he was absent from the State, in Wash-
ington, during the gubernatorial campaign, and did
not personally participate in it, but addressed circu-
lars to his constituents. His election was, indeed,
attributed to the circumstance of his absence, be-
cause his estrangement from Jackson, formerly his
political idol, and also from the Democracy, largely
in ascendency in the State, was complete; but while
his defection was well known to his Whig friends,
and even to the leading Jackson men of this State,
the latter were unable to carry conviction of that fact
to the masses, as mail and newspaper facilities at
that day were far inferior to those of the present
time. Of course the Governor was much abused
afterward by the fossilized Jackson men who re-
garded party ties and affiliations as above all
other issues that could arise; but he was doubtless

132

JOSEPH DUNCAN.

sincere in his opposition to the old hero, as the latter
;;ad vetoed several important western measures
which were dear to Mr. Duncan. In his inaugural
message he threw off the mask and took a bold stand
rgain St the course of the President. The measures
r.e recommended in his message, however, were so
desirable that the Legislature, although by a large
majority consisting of Jackson men, could not refrain
from endorsing them. These measures related
.'uainly to bai:ks and internal improvements.

It was while Mr. Duncan was Governor that tlie
people of Illinois went whirling on with bank and in-
ternal improvement schemes that well nigh bank-
-upted the Slate. The hard times of 1837 came on,
and the disasters that attended the inauguration of
Jiese plans and the operation of the banks were mu-
tually charged upon the two political parties. Had
any or.e man autocratic power to introduce and
carry on any one of these measures, he would proba-
bly have succeeded to (he satisfaction of the public;
oUt as many jealous men had hold of the same plow
handle, no success followed and each blamed the other
for the failure. In this great vorte-x Gov. Duncan
was carried along, suffering the like derogation of
character with his fellow citizens.

At the height of the excitement the Legislature
" provided for " railroads from Galena to Cairo, Alton
to Sliawneetown, Alton to Mount Carrael, Alton to the
eastern boundary of the State in the direction of
Terre Haute, Quincy via Springfield to the Wabash,
Bloomington to Pekin, and Peoria to Warsaw, — in all
about 1,300 miles of road. It also provided for the
improvement of the navigation of the Kaskaskia,
Illinois, Great and Little Wabash and Rock Rivers ;
also as a placebo, $200,000 in money were to be dis-
tributed to the various counties wherein no improve-
ments were ordered to be made as above. The
estimate for the expenses for all these projects was
:laced at a little over $10,000,000, which was not
more inan half enough! That would now be equal to
saddling upon the State a debt of $225,000,000! It
was sufficient to bankrupt the State several times
over, even counting all the possible benefits.

One of the most exciting events that ever occurred
:n this fair State was the murder of Elijah P. Love-
'oy in the fall of 1837, at Alton, during Mr. Duncan's
term as Governor. Lovejoy was an " Abolitionist,"
editing the Observer at that place, and the pro-
slavery slums there formed themselves into a mob.

and after destroying successively three presses be-
longing to Mr. Lovejoy, surrounded the warehouse
where the fourth press was stored away, endeavoring
to destroy it, and where Lovejoy and his friends
were entrenching themselves, and shot and killed the
brave reformer!

About this time, also, the question of removing the
State capital again came up, as the 20 years' limit for
its existence at Vandalia was drawing to a close.
There was, of course, considerable excitement over
the matter, the two main points competing for it be-
ing Springfield and Peoria. The jealousy of the lat-
ter place is not even yet, 45 years afterward, fully
allayed.

Gov. Duncan's term expired in 1838. In 1S42
he was again proposed as a candidate for the Execu-
tive chair, this time by the Whig party, against Adam
W. Snyder, of St. Clair County, the nominee of tiie
Democrats. Charles W. Hunter was a third candi-
date for the same position. Mr. Snyder, however, died
before the campaign had advanced very far, and his
party substituted Thomas Ford, who was elected,
receiving 46,901 votes, to 38,584 for Duncan, and
909 for Hunter. The cause of Democratic success
at this time is mainly attributed to the temporary
support of the Mormons which they enjoyed, and the
want of any knowledge, on the part of the masses,
that Mr. Ford was opposed to any given policy en-
tertained in the respective localities.

Gov. Duncan was a man of rather limited educa-
tion, but with naturally fine abilities he profited
greatly by his various public services, and gathered
a store of knowledge regarding public affairs which
served him a ready purpose. He possessed a clear
judgment, decision, confidence in himself and moral
courage to carry out his convictions of right. In his
deportment he was well adapted to gain the admira-
tion of the people. His intercourse with them was
both affable and dignified. His portrait at the Gov-
ernor's mansion, from which the accompanying was
made, represents him as having a swarthy complex-
ion, high cheek bones, broad forehead, piercing black
eyes and straight black hair.

He was a liberal patron of the Illinois College at
Jacksonville, a member of its Board of Trustees, and
died, after a short illness, Jan. 15, 1844, a devoted
member of the Presbyterian Church, leaving a wife
but no children. Two children, born to them, had
died in infancy.

r-/cM.i^^^

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

'3S

S^(^^fjHOMAS CARLIN, the sixth
Governor of the State of
lUinois, serving from 1838
to 1S42, was also a Ken-
tuckian, beuig born near
Frankfort, that State, July
t8, 1789, of Irish paternity.
The opportunities for an education
being very meager in his native
place, he, on approaching years of
judnnent and maturity, applied
himself to those branches of learn-
ing that seemed most important,
and thus became a self-made man ;
and his taste for reading and
N*-' ^5v^"'^ study remained with him through
'^(ci'^^y^ life. In 1803 his father removed
10 Missouri, then a part of " New Spain," where he
died in 18 10.

In 18 1 2 young Carlin came to Illinois and partici-
pated in all the "ranging" service incident to the
war of that period, proving himself a soldier of un-
daunted bravery. In 1814 he married Rebecca
Huitt, and lived for four years on the bank of the
Mississippi River, opposite the mouth of the Mis-
scjri, where he followed farming, and then removed
to Greene County. He located the town site of Car-
ro»'lon,in that county, and in 1825 made a liberal
donation of land for county building purposes. He
was the first Sheriff of that county after its separate
organization, and afterward was twice elected, as a
Jackson Democrat, to the Illinois Senate. In the
Black Hawk War he commanded a spy battalion, a
post of considerable danger. In 1834 he was ap-
pointed by President Jackson to the position of
Receiver of Public Moneys, and to fulfill the office

more conveniently he removed to the city of Quincy.

While, in 1838, the unwieldy internal improvement
system of the State was in full operation, witli all its
expensive machinery, amidst bank suspensions
throughout the United States, a great stringency in
the money market everywhere, and Illinois bonds
forced to sale at a heavy discount, and the " hardest
times" exisring that the peopVe of the Prairie State
ever saw, the general election of State officers was
apiiroaching. Discreet men who had cherished the
hope of a speedy subsidence of the public infatua-
tion, met with disappointment. A Governor and
Legislature were to be elected, and these were now
looked forward to for a repeal of the ruinous State
policy. But the grand scheme had not yet lost its
dazzling influence upon the minds of the people.
Time and experience had not yet fully demonstrated
its utter absurdity. Hence the question of arresting
its career of profligate expenditures did not become
a leading one with the dominant party during the
camp.iign, and most of the old members of the Leg-
islature were returned at this election.

Under these circumstances the Democrats, in State
Convention assembled, nominated Mr. Carlin for the
office of Governor, and S. H. Anderson for Lieuten-
ant Governor, while the Whigs nominated Cyrus Ed-
wards, brother of Ninian Edwards, forraeriy Governor,
and W. H. Davidson. Edwards came out strongly
for a continuance of the State policy, while Car'i::
remained non-committal. This was the first tmie
that the two main political parties in this State were
unembarrassed by any third party in the field. The
result of the election was: Cadin, 35,573; Ander-
son, 30,335 ; Edwards, 29,629 ; and Davidson, 28,-

Ti.'i-

Upon the meeting of the subsequent Legislature

(1839), the retiring Governor CDuncan) in his mes-

136

THOMAS CARLIN.

sage spoke in emphatic terms of the impolicy of the
internal improvement system, presaging the evils
threatened, and uiged that body to do their utmost
to correct the great error ; yet, on the contrary, the
Legislature not only decided to continue the policy
but also added to its burden by voting more appro-
priations and ordering more improvements. Although
the money market was still stringent, a further loan
of $4,000,000 was ordered for the Illinois & Mich-
igan Canal alone. Cn'cago at that time began to
loom up and promise to be an important city, even
the great emporium of the West, as it has since in-
deed came to be. Ex-Gov. Reynolds, an incompe-
tent financier, was commissioned to effect the loan,
and accordingly hastened to the East on this respons-
ible errand, and negotiated the loans, at considera-
ble sacrifice to the State. Besides this embarrassment
tc Carlin's administration, the Legislature also de-
clared that he had no authority to appoint a Secretary
of State until a vacancy existed, and A. P. Field, a
Whig, who had already held the post by apix)intment
through three administrations, was determined to
keep the place a while longer, in spite of Gov. Car-
lin's preferences. The course of the Legislature in
ihis regard, however, was finally sustained by the
Supreme Court, in a quo warranto case brought up
before it by John A. McClernand, whom the Gov-
ernor had nominated for the office. Thereupon that
dignified body was denounced as a "Whig Court!"
endeavoring to establish the principle of life-tenure
of office.

A new law was adopted re-organizing the Judici-
ary, and under it five additional Supreme Judges
were elected by the Legislature, namely, Thomas
Ford (afterward Governor), Sidney Breese, Walter B.
Scales, Samuel H. Treat and Stephen A. Douglas —
all Democrats.

It was during Gov. Carlin's administration that the
noisy campaign of "Tippecanoe and Tyler too " oc-
curred, resulting in a Whig victory. This, however,
did net affect Illinois politics very seriously.

Another prominent event in the West daring Gov.
Carlin's term of office was the excitement caused by
the Mcrnions and their removal from Independence,
Mo., to Nauvoo, 111., in 1840. At the same time
they began to figure somewhat in State politics. On
account of their believing — as they thought, accord-
ing to the New Testament — that they should have

" all things common," and that consequently " all
the earth " and all that is upon it were the" Lord's "
and therefore the property of his " saints," they
were suspected, and correctly, too, of committing
many of the deeds of larceny, robbery, etc., that
were so rife throughout this country in those days.
Hence a feeling of violence grew up between the
Momions and "anti-Mormons." In the State of
^Missouri the Mormons always supported the Dem-
ocracy until they were driven out by the Democratic
government, when they turned their support to the
Whigs. They were becoming numerous, and in the
Legislature of 1840-1, therefore, it became a matter
of great interest with both parties to conciliate these
people. Through the agency of one John C. Ben-
nett, a scamp, the Mormons succeeded in rushing
througli the Legislature (both parties not daring to
oppose) a charter for the city of Nauvoo which vir-
tually erected a hierarchy co-ordinate with the Fed-
eral Government itself In the fall of 1841 the
Governor of Missouri made a demand upon Gov.
Carlin for the body of Joe Smith, the Mormon leader,
as a fugitive from justice. Gov. Carlin issued the
writ, but for some reason it was returned unserved.
It was again issued in 1S42, and Smith was arrested,
but w.xs either rescued by his followers or discharged
by the municipal court on a writ of habeas corpus.

In December, 1841, the Democratic Convention
nominated .A.dam W. Snyder, of Belleville, for Gov-
ernor. As he h.ad been, as a member of the Legisla-
ture, rather friendly to the Mormons, the latter
naturally turned their support to the Democratic
party. The next spring the Whigs nominated Ex-
Gov. Duncan for the same office. In the meantime
the Mormons began to grow more odious to the
masses of the people, and the comparative prospects
of the respective parties for success became very
problematical. Mr. Snyder died in May, and
Thomas Ford, a Supreme Judge, was substituted as
a candidate, and was elected.

At the close of his gubernatorial term, Mr. Carlin
removed back to his old home at Carrollton, where
he spent the remainder of his life, as before liis ele-
vation to office, in agricultural pursuits. In iS/g
he served out the unexpired term of J. D. Fry in the
Illinois House of Representatives, and died Feb. 4,
1852, at his residence at Carrollton, leaving a wife
and seven children.

l^^^-fH/^OL^

GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

*39

isjffiaaE^ —->s;

_l^AS^t<^

1*L®

■•..<■■'

^3=H=^

3HOMAS FORD, Governor
from 1842 to 1846, and au-
thor of a very interesting
history of Illinois, was born
at Uniontown, Pa., in the
year 1 800. His mother, after
the. deatli of her first hus-
d (Mr. Forquer), married Rob-
Ford, who was killed in 1802,
the Indians in the mountains
of Pennsylvania. She was conse-
quently left in indigent circum-
stances, with a large family, mostly
girls. With a view to better her
condition, she, in 1804, removed to
Missouri, where it had been cus-
tomary by the Spanish Govern-
ment to give land to actual settlers; but upon her
arrival at St. Louis she found the country ceded to
the United States, and the liberal policy toward set-
tlers changed by the new ownership. After some
sickness to herself and family, she finally removed to
Illinois, and settled some three miles south of Water-
loo, but the following year moved nearer the Missis-
sippi bluffs. Here young Ford received his first i

schooling, under the instructions of a Mr. Humphrey,
for which he had to walk three miles. His mother,
though lacking a thorough education, was a woman
of superior mental endowments, joined to energy
and determination of character. She inculcated in
her children those high-toned principles which dis-
tinguished her sons in public life. She exercised a
rigid economy to provide her children an education ;
but George Forquer, her oldest son (six years older
than Thomas Ford), at an early age had to quit
school to aid by his labor in the support of the family.
He afterward became an eminent man in Illinois
affairs, and but for his early death would probably
have been elected to the United States Senate.

Young Ford, with somewhat better opportunities,
received a better education, though limited to the
curriculum of the common school of those pioneer
times. His mind gave early promise of superior en-
dowments, with an inclination for mathematics. His
proficiency attracted the attention of Hon. Daniel P.
Cook, who became his efficient patron and friend.
The latter gentleman was an eminent Illinois states-
man who, as a Member of Congress, obtained a grant
of 300,000 acres of land to aid in completing the
Illinois & Michigan Canal, and after whom the
county of Cook was named. Through the advice of

I40

THOMAS FORD.

this genileman, Mr. Ford turned his attention to the
study of law; but Forquer, then merchandising, re-
gardin;4 liis education defective, sent him to Transyl-
vania University, where, however, he remained but
one term, owing to Forquer's failure in business. On
his return he alternated his law reading with teach-
ing school for support.

In 1829 Gov. Edwards appointed hira Prosecuting
Attorney, and in 1S31 he was re-appointed by Gov.
Reynolds, and after that he was four times elected a
Judge by the Legislature, without 0|>position, twice a
Circuit Judge, once a Judge of Chicago, and as As-
sociate Judge of the Supreme Court, when, in 1841,
the latter tribunal was re-organized by the addition
of five Judges, all Democrats. Ford was assigned to
the Ninth Judicial Circuit, and while in this capacity
he was holding Court in Ogle County he received a
notice of his nomination by the Democratic Conven-
tion for the office of Governor. He immediately re-
signed his place and entered upon the canvass. In
August, 1842, he was elected, and on the 8th of De-
cember following he was inaugurated.

All the offices which he had held were unsolicited
by him. He received them'upon tlie true Jefferson-
Jan principle, — Never to ask and never to refuse
office. Both as a lawyer and as a Judge he stood
deservedly high, liut his cast of intellect fitted him
rather for a writer upon law than a practicing advo-
cate in the courts. In the latter capacity he was void
of the moving power of eloquence, so necessary to
success with juries. As a Judge his opinions were
"ound, lucid and able expositions of the law. In
practice, he was a stranger to the tact, skill and in-
sinuating address of the politician, i)Ut he saw through
the arts of demagogues, as well as any man. He was
plain in his demeanor, so much so, indeed, that at
one time after the expiration of his term of office,
during a session of the Legislature, he was taken by
a stranger to be a seeker for the position of door-
keeper, and was waited upon at his hotel near mid-
r.ight by a knot of small office-seekers with the view
of effecting a "combination ! "

Mr. Ford had not the " brass " of the ordinary
politician, nor that impetuosity which characterizes a
political leader. He cared little for money, and
hardly enough for a decent support. In person he
was of small stature, slender, of dark complexion,
with black hair, sharp features, deep-set eyes, a
pointed, aquiline nose having a decided twist to one-
side, and a small mouth.

TJ-.e three most important events in Gov. Ford's
r.dministration were the establishment of tlie high
linancial credit of the State, the " Mormon War "and
.he Mexican War.

In the first of tliese the Governor proved himself
'.o be eir;inentlv wise. On coming into office he found
'he State liadly piralyzed by the ruinous effects of
Uie notocious "iiiteriial impiovenient " schemes of

the preceding decade, with scarcely anything to
show by way of "improvement." The enterprise
that seemed to be getting ahead more than all the
rest was the Illinois & Michigan Canal. As this
promised to be the most important thoroughfare,
feasible to the people, it was well under headway in
its construction. Therefore the State policy was
almost concentrated upon it, in order to rush it on te
comi>letion. Tlie bonded indebtedness of the State
was growing so large as to frighten the people, and
they were about ready to entertain a proposition for
repudiation. But the Governor had the foresight to
recommend such measures as would maintain the
public credit, for which every citizen to-day feels
thankful.

But perhaps the Governor is remembered more for
his connection with the Mormon troubles than for
anything else; for it was during his term of office
that the " Latter-Day Saints " became so strong at
Nauvoo, built their temple there, increased their num-
bers throughout the country, committed misdemean-
ors, taught dangerous doctrines, suffered the loss of
their leader, Jo Smith, l)y a violent death, were driven
out of Nauvoo to the far West, etc. Having been a
Judge for so many years previously, Mr. Ford of
course was no i-coniniittal concerning Mormon affairs,
and was llierefore claimed by both parties and also
accused by each of sympathizing too greatly with the
other side. Mormonism claiming to be a system of
religion, the Governor no doubt was " between two
fires," and felt compelled to touch the matter rather ,
" gingerly," and doubtless felt greatly relieved when
that pestilential people left the State. Such compli-
cated matters, especially when religion is mixed up
with them, expose every person participating in
them to criticism from all parties.

The Mexican War was l)egun in the spring of
1845, and was continued into the gubernatorial term
of Mr. Ford's successor. The Governor's connection
with tliis war, however, was not conspicuous, as it
was only administrative, commissioning officers, etc.

Ford's " History of Illinois " is a very readable and
entertaining work, of 450 small octavo pages, and is
destined to increase in value with the lapse of time.
It exhibits a natural flow of compact and forcible
thought, never failing to convey the nicest sense. In
tracing with his trenchant pen the devious operations
of the professional politician, in wliich he is inimit-
-aljle, his account is open, perhaps, to the objection
that all his contemporaries are treated as mere place-
seekers, while many of them have since been judged
by the people to be worthy statesmen. His writings
seem slightly open to the criticism that they exhibit
a little splenetic partiality against those of his con-
temporaries who were prominent during his term of
office as Governor.

"fhe death of Gov. Ford took place at Peoria, 111.,
Nov. 2, 1850.

^^^^^Jt-V^^^S^^^M^^X-

GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

143

^^^ I Augustus €. French. |

i:i

i-s^

(:^^

«>S— «S — c><sfr<r(l

"■^ '/^^UGUSTUS C. FRENCH,

Governor of Illinois from
1846 to 1852, was born in
the town of Hill, in the
State of New Hampshire,
Hfi Aug. 2, 1808. He was a
descendant in the fourth

generation ot Nathaniel
French, who emigrated from England
in 1687 and settled in Saybury, Mass.
In early life young French lost his
father, bat continued to receive in-
struction from an exemplary and
Christian mother until he was 19 years
old, wlien she also died, confiding to
his care and trust four younger broth-
ers and one sister. He discharged his trust with
parental devotion. His education in early life was
such mainly as a common school afforded. For a
brief period he attended Dartmouth College, but
from pecuniary causes and the care of his brothers
and sister, he did not graduate. He subsequently
read law, and was admitted to the Bar in 1831, and
shortly afterward removed to Illinois, settling first at
Albion, Edwards County, where he established him-
self in the practice of law. The following year he
removed to Paris, Edgar County. Here he attained
eminence in his profession, and entered public life
by representing that county in the Legislature. A
strong attachment sprang up between him and Ste-
phen A. Douglas.

In 1839, Mr. French was appointed Receiver of
the United States Laud Office at Palestine, Craw-
ford County, at which place he was a resident when

elevated to the gubernatoiial chair. In 1844 he was
a Presidential Elector, and as such he voted for
James K. Polk.

The Democratic State Convention of 1846, meet-
ing at Springfield Feb. 10, nominated Mr. French
for Governor. Other Democratic candidates were
Lyman Trumbull, John Calhoun (subsequently of
Lecompton Constitution notoriety), Walter B. Scales.
Richard M. Young and A. W. Cavarly, — an array of
very able and prominent names. Trumbull was per-
haps defeated in the Convention by the rumor that
he was opposed to the Illinois and Michigan Canal,
as he had been a year previously. For Lieutenant
Governor J. B. Wells was chosen, while other candi-
dates were Lewis Ross, Wm. McMurtry, Newton
Cloud, J. B. Hamilton and VV. W. Thompson. The
resolutions declared strongly against the resuscita-
tion of the old State Banks.

The Whigs, who were in a hopeless minority, held
their convention June 8, at Peoria, and selected
Thomas M. Kilpatrick, of Scott County, for Governor,
and Gen. Nathaniel G. Wilco.x, of Schuyler, for
Lieutenant Governor.

In the campaign the latter exposed Mr. French's
record and connection with the passage of the in-
ternal improvement system, urging it against his
election; but in the meantime the war with Mexico
broke out, regarding which the Whig record was un-
popular in this State. The war was the absorbing
and dominating question of the period, sweeping
every other political issue in its course. The elec-
tion in , August gave Mr. French 58,700 votes, and
Kilpatrick only 36,775. Richard Eells, Abolitionist
candidate for the same office, received 5,152 vot«s.

144

AUGUSTUS C. FRENCH.

By the new Constitution of 1S4S, a new election for
State officers was ordered in November of that year,
before Gov. French's term was half out, and he was
re-elected for the term of four years. Ho was there-
fore the incu.nheni for six consecutive years, the
only Governor of this State who has ever served in
tliat capacity so long at one time. As there was no
organized opposition to his election, he received 67,-
453 votes, to 5,639 for Pierre Menard (son of the
first Lieutenant Governor), 4,748 for Charles V.
Dyer, 3,834 for W. L. D. Morrison, and 1,361 for
James L. D. Morrison. But Wm. McMurtry, of
Knox County, was elected Lieutenant Governor, in
place of Joseph B. Wells, who was before elected
and did not run again.

Governor French was inaugurated into office dur-
ing the progress of the Mexican War, which closed
during the summer of 1847, although the treaty of
Guadalupe Hidalgo was not made until Feb. 2,
1848. The policy of Gov. French's party was com-
mitted to that war, but in connection with that affair
he was, of course, only an administrative officer.
During his term of office, Feb. 19, 1847, the Legisla-
ture, by special permission of Congress, declared that
all Government lands sold to settlers should be im-
mediately subject to State taxation; before this they
were exempt for five years after sale. By this ar-
ringement the revenue was materially increased.
.\bout the same lime, the distribution of (iovernment
land warrants among the Mexican soldiers as bounty
threw upon the market a great quantity of good
binds, and this enhanced the settlement of the State.
The same Legislature authorized, with the recom-
mendation of the Governor, the sale of the Northern
Cross Railroad (from Springfield to Meredosia, the
fust in the State and now a section of the Wabash,
St. Louis & Pacific) It sold for $100,000 in bonds,
although it had cost the State not less than a million.
The salt wells and canal lands in the Saline reserve
in Gallatin County, granted by the general Govern-
ment to the State, were also authorized by the
Governor to be sold, to api)ly on the State debt. In
1850, for the first time since 1839, the accruing State
revenue, exclusive of specific appropriations, was
sufficient to meet the current demands upon the
treasur)'. The aggregate taxable property of the
State at this time was over $too,ooo,ooo, and t'--
population 851,470.

In 1849 the Legislature adopted the township or-
ganization law, which, however, proved defective,
and was properly amended in 1851. At its session
in the latter year, the General Assembly also passed
a law to exempt homesteads from sale on executions
This beneficent measure had been repeatedly vvrgecj
upon that body by Gov. French.

In 1S50 some business men in St. Louis corft-
menced to build a dike opposite the lower part of
their city on the Illinois side, to keep the Mississippi
in its channel near St. Louis, instead of breaking
away from them as it sometimes threatened to do.
Tiiis they undertook without permission from the
Legislature or Executive authority of this State ; and
as many of the inhabitants thera complained that
the scheme would inundate and ruin much valuable
land, there was a slight conflict of jurisdictions, re-
sulting in favor of the St. Louis project; and since
then a good site has existed there for a city (East St.
Louis), and now a score of railroads center there.

It was in September, 1850, that Congress granted
to this State nearly 3,000,000 acres of land in aid of
the completion of the Illinois Central Railroad,
which constituted the most important epoch in the
railroad — we might say internal improvement — his-
tory of the State. The road was rushed on to com-
pletion, whiclr accelerated the settlement of the in-
terior of the State by a good class of industrious citi-
zens, and by the charter a good income to the State
Treasury is paid in from the earnings of the road.

In 185 I the Legislature passed a law authorizing
free stock banks, v/hich was the source of much leg-
islative discussion for a number of years.

But we have not space further to particularize
concerning legislation. Gov. French's administra-
tion was not marked by any feature to be criticised,
while the country was settling up as never before.

In stature. Gov. French was of medium height,
squarely built, light complexioned, with ruddy face
and pleasant countenance. In manners he was
plain and agreeable. By nature he was son.iewhat
diffident, but he was often very outspoken in his con-
victions of duty. In public speech he was not an
orator, but was chaste, earnest and jiersuasive. In
business he was accurate and methodical, and in his
administration he kept up the credit of the State.

He died in 1S65, at his home in Lebanon, St
Glair Co., 111.

SS^^:

GO VERNOKS OF ILLINOIS.

»47

i^^l %<> lEattes^

■^iORL A. MATTESON, Governor
,f^ 1853-6, was born Aug. 8, 1808,
;::' in Jefferson County, New York,
to which place his father had re-
moved from Vermont three years
before. His father was a farmer
in fair circumstances, but a com-
mon English education was all
that his only son received. Young
Joel first tempted fortune as a
small tradesman in Prescott,
Canada, before he was of age.
He returned from that place to
liis home, entered an academy,
taught school, visited the prin-
)al Eastern cities, improved a farm liis father had
ven him, made a tour in the South, worked tiiere
building railroads, experienced a storm on tlie
Lilf of Mexico, visited the gold diggings of Northern
iorgia, and returned via Nashville to St. Louis and
rough Illinois to his fatlier's home, when he inar-
:d. In 1833, having sold his farm, he removed,
th his wife and one child, to Illinois, and entered
;laim on Government land near the head of An
ble River, in what is now Kendall County. At
It time there were not more than two neighbors
ihin a range of ten miles of his yilace, and only
:ee or four houses l.<etween him and Chicago. He
sued a large farm. His family was boarded 1 2

miles away while he erected a house on his claim,
sleeping, during this time, under a rude pole shed.
Here his life was once placed in imminent peril by
a huge prairie ratdesnake sharing his bed.

In 1S3S he bought largely at the Government land
sales. During the speculative real-estate mania which
broke out in Chicago in 1 836 and spread over the State,
he sold his lands under the inflation of that period'
and removed to Joliet. In 1S38 he became a heavy
contractor on the Illinois & Michigan Canal. Upon
the completion of his job in 1841, when hard times
prevailed, business at a stand, contracts paid in State
scrip; when alt the public works except the canal
were abandoned, the State offered for sale 700 tons
of railroad iron, which was purchased by Mr. Mat-
teson at a bargain. This he accepted, shipped and
sold at Detroit, realizing a very handsome profit,
enough to pay off all liis canal debts and leave him a'
surplus of several thousand dollars. His enterprise
next prompted him to start a woolen mill at Joliet,
in which he prospered, and which, after successive
enlargements, became an enormous establishment.

In 1842 he was first elected a State Senator, but,
by a bungling apportionment, John Pearson, a Senator
holding over, was found to be in the same district,
and decided to be entitled to represent it. Mat-
teson's seat was declared vacant. Pearson, however
wuh a nobleness difficult to appreciate in this day of

f48

JOEL A. MATTESON.

greed for office, unwilling to represent his district
under the circumstances, immediately resigned his
unexpired term of two years. A bill was passed in a
few hours ordering a new election, and in ten days'
time Mr. Malteson was returned re-elected and took
his seat as Senator. From his well-known capacity
as a business man, he was made Chairman of the
Committee on Finance, a position he held during
this half and two full succeeding Senatorial terms,
discharging its important duties with ability and faith-
fulness. Besides his extensive woolen-mill interest,
when work was resumed on the canal under the new
loan of $r, 600,000 he again became a heavy con-
tractor, and also subsequently operated largely in
Imilding railroads. Thus he showed himself a most
energetic and lliorough business man.

He was nominated for (Governor by the Demo-
cratic State Convention which met at Springfield
.■\pril 20, 1852. Other candidates before the Con-
vention were D. L. Gregg and F. C. Sherman, of
Cook; John Dement, of Lee ; Thomas L. Harris, of
Menard; Lewis W. Ross, of Fulton; and D. V. Bush,
of Pike. Guslavus Koerner, of St. Clair, was nom-
inated for Lieutenant Governor. For the same offices
llie Whigs nominated Edwin B. Webb and Dexter A.
Knowlton. Mr. Matteson received 80,645 votes at
the election, while Mr. Webb received 64,408. Mat-
teson's forte was not on the stump; he had not cul-
tivated the art of oily flattery, or the faculty of being
all things t6 all men. His intellectual qualities took
rather the direction of efficient executive ability. His
turn consisted not so much in the adroit manage-
ment of party, or the powerful advocacy of great gov-
ernmental principles, as in those more solid and
enduring operations which cause the physical devel-
opment and advancement of a State, — of commerce
and business enterprise, into which he labored with
success to lead the people. As a politician he was
just and liberal in his views, and botli in official and
private life he then stood untainted and free from
blemish. As a man, in active benevolence, social
lirtues and all the amiable (jualities of neighbor or
citizen, he had few superiors. His messages present
a perspicuous array of facts as to the condition of the
State, and are often couched in forcible and elegant
diction.

The greatest excitement during his term of office
was the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, by Con-

gress, under the leadership of Stephen A. Douglas in
1854, when the bill was passed organizing the Terri-
tory of Kansas and Nebraska. A large jwrtion of
the Whig party of the North, through their bitter op-
position to the Democratic party, naturally drifted
into the doctrine of anti-slavery, and thus led to what
was temporarily called the " Anti-Nebraska " party,
while the followers of Douglas were known as " Ne-
braska or Douglas Democrats." It was during this
embryo stage of the Republican party that Abraham
Lincoln was brought forward as the "Anti-Nebraska"
candidate for the United States Senatorship, while
Gen. James Shields, the incumbent, was re-nom-
inated by the Democrats. But after a few Viallotings
in the Legislature (1855), these men were dropped,
and Lyman Trumbull, an Anti-Nebraska Democrat,
was brought up by the fonner, and Mr. Matteson,
then Governor, by the latter. On the, nth ballot
Mr. Trumbull obtained one majority, and was ac-
cordingly declared elected. Before Gov. Matteson 's
term expired, the Republicans were fully organized
as a national party, and in 1S56 put into the field a
full national and State ticket, carrying the State, but
not the nation.

The Legislature of 1855 passed two very import-
ant measures, — the present free-school system and a
submission of the Maine liquor law to a vote of the
people. The latter was defeated by a small majority
of the popular vote.

During the four years of Gov. Matteson's admin-
istration the taxable wealth of the .State was about
trebled, from $137,818,079 to 11349,951,272; the pub-
lic debt was reduced from $17,398,985 to $12,843,-
144; taxation was at the same time reduced, and the
State resumed paying interest on its debt in New
York as fast as it fell due; railroads were increased
in their mileage from something less than 400 to
about 3,000 ; and the population of Chicago was
nearly doubled, and its commerce more than quad-
rupled.

Before closing this account, we regret that we have
to say that Mr. Matteson, in all other respects an
upright man and a good Governor, was implicated
in a false re-issue of redeemed canal scrip, amount-
ing to $224,182.66. By a suit in the Sangamon Cir-
cuit Court the State recovered the principal and all
tlie interest excepting $27,500.

He died in the winter of 1872--3, at Chicago.

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

'SI

Lj'g;»i'Vi'ia^<as?i^i '^,^'^i^'v.^':1^rai^i£i'^^s^'•^'■'A.n«:lVv :'l^^l^;'l^■^

o-S^-<aS!)>-i»e--c

.LIAM H. BISSELL, Gov-
ernor 1857-60, was born
•;.:; y\])ril 25, i8n, in the
Stale of New York, near
Pain led Post, Yates County.
-h"^^^''^- His parents were obscure,
' honest, God-fearing people,

u ho reared their children under the daily
examijle of iudusUy and frugality, accord-
ing to the custom of that class of Eastern
society. Mr. Bissell received a respecta-
ble but not thorough academical education.
By assiduous application he acquired a
knowledge of medicine, and in his early
manhood came West and located in Mon-
roe County, this Slate, where he engaged in the
practice of that profession. But he was not enam-
ored of his calling; he was swayed by a broader
ambition, to such an extent that the mysteries of the
healing art and its arduous duties failed to yield him
furtlier any charms. In a few years he discovered
his choice of a profession to be a mistake, and when
he approached the age of 30 he sought to begin
anew. Dr. Bissell, no doubt unexpectedly to him-
self, discovered a singular facility and charm of
speech, the exercise of which acquired for him a
ready local notoriety. It soon came to be under-

stood tliat he desired to abandon his profession and
take up that of the law. During terms of Court he
would spend his time at the county seat among the
members of the Bar, who extended to him a ready
welcome.

It was not strange, therefore, that he should drift
into public life. In 1840 he was elected as a Dem-
ocrat to the Legislature from Monroe County, and
was an efficient member of that body. On his re-
turn home he qualified himself for admission to the
Bar and speedily rose to the front rank as an advo-
cate. His powers of oratory were captivating. With a
pure diction, charming and inimitable gestures,
clearness of statement, and a remarkable vein of sly
humor, his efforts before a jury told with irresistible
effect. He was chosen by the Legislature Prosecut-
ing Attorney for the Circuit in which he lived, and
in that position he fully discharged his duty to the
State, gained the esteem of the Bar, and seldom
failed to convict the offender of the law.

In stature he was somewhat tall and slender, and
with a straight, military bearing, he presented a dis-
tinguished appearance. His complexion was dark,
his head well poised, though not large, his address
pleasan't and manner winning. He was exemplary
in his habits, a devoted husband and kind parent.
He was twice married, the first time to Miss James,

'52

WILL/ AM H BISSELL.

ot Monroe County, by whom he had two children,
i)olh daugliters. She died sooa after the year 1840,
and Mr. B. married for his second wife a daugliter
of Elias K. Kane, previously a United States Senator
from this State. She survived hi.n 'uit a short time,
and died without issue.

When the war with Mexico was declared in 1846,
Mr. Bissell enlisted and was elected Colonel of his
regiaient, over Hon. Don Morrison, by an almost
unanimous vote, — 807 to 6. Considering the limiied
opportunities he had had, he evinced a high order of
military talent. On the bloody field of Buena Vista
he acquitted himself with intrepid and distinguished
ability, contributing with his regiment, the Second
Illinois, in no small degree toward saving the waver-
ini; fortunes of our arms during that long and 'fiercely
contested battle.

After his return home, at the close of the war, he
was elected to Congress, his opponents being the
Hons. P. B. Fouke and Joseph Gillespie. He served
two terms in Congress. He was an ardent politician.
During the great contest of 1850 he voted in favor
of the adjustment measures; but in 1854 he opposed
tiie repeal of the Missouri Compromise act and
therefore the Kansas-Nebraska bill of Douglas, and
thus became identified with the nascent Republican
party.

During his first Congressional term, while the
Southern members were following their old practice
of intimidating the North by bullying language,
and claiming most of the credit for victories in the
Mexican War, and Jefferson Davis claiming for the
Mississippi troops all the credit for success at Buena
Vista, Mr. Bissell bravely defended tlie Northern
troops; whereupon Davis challenged Bissell to a duel,
which was accepted. This matter was brought u))
against Bissell when he was candidate for Governor
and during his term of office, as the Constitution of
this State forbade any duelist from holding a State
office.

In 1856, when the Republican party first put fortii
a candidate, John C. Fremont, for President of the
United States, the same party nominated Mr. Bissell
for Governor of Illinois, and John Wood, of Quincy,
for Lieutenant Governor, while the Democrats nomi-
nated Hon. W. A. Richardson, of Adams County,
for Governor, and Col. R. J. Hamilton, of Cook
Countv, for Lieutenant Governor. The result of the

election was a plurality of 4,729 votes over Richard-
son. The .\merican, or Know-Nothing, party had a
ticket in the field. The Legislature was nearly bal-
anced, but was politically opposed to the Governor.
His message to the Legislature was short and rather
ordinary, and was criticised for e.xpressing the sup-
posed obligations of the people to the incorporators
of the Illinois Central Railroad Company and for re-
opening the slavery question by allusions to the
Kansas troubles. Late in the session an apportion-
ment bill, based upon the State census of 1855, was
passed, amid much partisan strife. The Governor
at first signed the bill and then vetoed it. A furious
debate followed, and the question whether the Gov-
ernor had the authority to recall a signature was
referred to the Courts, that of last resort deciding in
favor of the Governor. Two years afterward another
outrageous attempt was made for a re-apportionment
and to gerrymander the State, but the Legislature
failed to pass the bill over the veto of the Governor.

It was during Gov. Bissell's administration that
the notorious canal scrip fraud was brought to light,
'mplicating ex-Gov. Matteson and other prominent
State officials. The principal and interest, aggregat-
ing $255,500, was all recovered by the State except-
ing $27,500. (See sketch of Gov. Matteson.)

In 1859 an attempt was discovered to fraudu-
lently refund the Macalister and Stebbins bonds and
thus rob the State Treasury of nearly a quarter of a
million dollars. The State Government was impli-
cated in this affair, and to this day remains unex-
plained or unatoned for. For the above, and other
matters previously mentioned, Gov. Bissell has been
severely criticised, and he has also been most shame-
fully libelled and slandered.

On account of e.\posure in tiie army, the remote
cause of a nervous form of disease gained entrance
into his system and eventually developed paraplegia,
affecting his lower extremities, which, while it left
his body in comparative health, deprived him of loco-
motion except by the aid of crutches. While he was
generally hopeful of ultimate recovery, this myste-
rious disease pursued him, without once relaxing its
stealthy hold, to the close of his life, March 18,
i86o, over nine months before the expiration of his
gubernatorial term, at the early age of 48 years. He
died in the faith of the Roman Catholic Church, 0/
which he har* been a member since 1S54.

Go VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

'55

■^

''-:} iHN WOOD, Governo.- i S60-1 , and
tn*= the first settler of Qiiincy, 111,
was boni in the town of Sempro-
nius (now Moravia), Cayuga Co.,
N. Y., Dec. 20, 1798. He was
the second child and only son of
Dr. Daniel Wood. His mother,
nee Catherine Crause, was of
German parentage, and died
while he was an infant. Dr.
Wood was a learned and skillful
physician, of classical attain-
ments and proficient in several
modern lai.guages, who, after
serving throughout the Revolu-
tionary War as a Surgeon, settled on the land granted
him by the Government, and resided there a re-
spected and leading influence in his section until his
death, at the ripe age of 92 years.

The subject of this sketch, impelled by the spirit
of Western adventure then pervading everywhere,
left his home, Nov. 2, r8i8, and passed the succeed-
mg winter in Cincinnati, Ohio. The following sum-
mer he pushed on to Illinois, landing at Shawneetown,
and spent the fall and following winter in Calhoun
County. In 1820, in company with Willard Keyes,
he settled in Pike County, about 30 miles southeast
of Quincy, where for the next two years he pursued
farming. In 1821 he visited "the Bluffs" (as the
present site of Quincy was called, then uninhabited)
and, pleased with its prospects, soon after purchased
a quarter-section of land near by, and in the follow-
ing fall (1822) erected near the river a small cabin,

•^

18 X 20 feet, the first building ill Quincy , of whii If
he then became the first and for some months the
only occupant.

About this time he visited his old friends in Pike
County, chief of whom was William Ross, the lead-
ing man in building up the village of Atlas, of that
county, which was thought then to be the possible
commencement of 3 city. One day they and others
were traveling together over the country between the
two points named, making observations on the com-
parative merits of the respective localities. On ap-
proaching the Mississippi near Mr. Wood's place,
the latter told his companions to follow him and he
would show them where he was going to build a city.
They went about a mile off the main trail, to a high
l)oint, from which the view in every direction was
most magnificent, as it had been for ages and as ye;
untouched by the hand of man. Before them swept
liy the majestic Father of Waters, yet unburdened by
navigation. After Mr. Wood had expatiated at
length on the advantages of the situation, Mr. Ross
replied, " But it's too near Atlas ever to amount to
anything!"

Atlas is still a cultivated farm, and Quincy is .->
city of over 30,000 population.

In 1824 Mr. Wood gave a newspaper notice,
as the law then prescribed, of his intention to apply
to the General Assembly for the formation of a new
county. This was done the following winter, result-
ing in the establishment of the present Adams
County. During the next summer Quincy was se-
lected as the county seat, it and the vicinity then
containing but four adult male residents and half

'5"

rOHN WOOD.

that number of females. Sinoe that period Mr. ]
Wood resided at the place of his early adoption un-
til his death, and far more than any other man was
he identified with every measure of its progress and
liistory, and almost continuously kept in public posi-
tions.

He was one of the early town Trustees, and after
ihe place became a city he was often a member of
the City Council, many times elected Mayor, in the
""ace of a constant large opposition political majority.
In 1850 he was elected to the State Senate. In 1856,
on the organization of the Republican party, he was
chosen Lieutenant Governor of the State, on the
ticket with Wm. H. Bissell for Governor, and on the
death of the latter, March 18, i860, he succeeded to
the Chief Executive chair, which he occupied until
Gov. Yates was inaugurated nearly ten months after-
ward.

Nothing very marked characterized the adminis-
tration of Gov. Wood. The great anti-slavery cam-
paign of i860, resulting in the election of the honest
r.linoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the Presidency of the
United States, occurred during the short period
while Mr. Wood was Governor, and tne excitement
and issues of that struggle dominated over every
other consideration, — indeed, supplanted them in a
great measure. The people of Illinois, during all
that time, were passing the comparatively petty strifes
under Bissell's administration to the overwhelming
issue of preserving the whole nation from destruction.
In :86i ex-Gov. Wood was one of the five Dele-
gates from Illinois to the " Peace Convention " at
Washingtoii, and in April of the same year, on the
breaking out of the Rebellion, he was appointed

Quartermaster-General of the State, which position
he held throughout the war. In 1864 he took com-
mand as Colonel of the 137th 111. Vol. Inf., with
whom he served until the period of enlistment ex-
pired.

Politically, Gov. Wood was always actively identi-
fied with the Whig and Republican parties. Few
men have in personal experience comprehended so
many surprising and advancing local changes as
vested in the more than half century recollections of
Gov. Wood. Sixty-four years ago a solitary settler
on the "Bluffs," with no family, and no neighbor
within a score of miles, the world of civilization away
behind him, and the strolling red-man almost his
only visitant, he lived to see growing around him,
and under his auspices and aid, overspreading the
wild hills and scraggy forest a teaming city, second
only in size in the State, and surpassed nowhere in
beauty, prosperity and promise ; whose people recog-
nize as with a single voice the proverbial honor and
liberality that attach to the name and lengthened
life of their pioneer settler, "the old Governor."

Gov. Wood was twice married, — first in January,
1826, to Ann M. Streeter, daughter of Joshua Streeter,
formerly of Salem, Washington Co., N. Y. They had
eight children. Mrs. W. died Oct. 8, 1863, and in
June, 1865, Gov. Wood married Mrs. Mary A., widow
of Rev. Joseph T. Holmes. Gov. Wood died June 4,
18S0, at his residence in Quincy. Four of his eight
cliildren are now living, namely: Ann E., wife of
iCcw. John Tillson; Daniel C, who married Mary J.
Abernethy; John, Jr., who married Josephine Skinner,
and Joshua S., who married Annie Bradley. The
last mentioned now resides at Atchison, Kansas, and
all the rest are still at Quincy.

GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

159

-¥

ICHARD YATES, the "War
Governor,'' 1 86 1-4, was born
Jan. 18, 1818, oil the banks of
the Ohio River, at Warsaw,
Gallatin Co., Ky. His father

#'' moved in 18^1 to Illinois, and
afier stopping for a time in
■ ~ " ■ Springfield, settled at Island

Grove, Sangamon County. Here,
after attending school, Richard joined
the family. Subsequently he entered
Illinois College at Jacksonville,
where, in 1837, he graduated with
first honors. He chose for his pro-
fession the law, the Hon. J. J. Har-
din being his instructor. After ad-
mission to the Bar he soon rose to distinction as an
advocate.

Gifted with a fluent and ready oratory, he soon
appeared in the political hustings, and, being a
passionate admirer of the great ^Vhig leader of the
West. Henry Clay, he joined his political fortunes to
he party of his idol. In 1840 he engaged with great
'■•rdor in the exciting " hard cider " campaign for
rfarrison. Two years later he was elected to the
Legislature from Morgan County, a Democratic
stronghold. He served three or four terms in the
Legislature, and such was the fascination of his ora-
tory that by 1S50 his large Congressional District,
extending from Morgan and Sangamon Counties
lOrth to include LaSalle, unanimously tendered him
tne Whig nomination for Congress. His Democratic
opponent was Maj. Thomas L. Harris, a very pop-
■alar man who had won distinction at the battle of
Cerro Gordo, in the Mexican War, and who had
oeaten Hon. Stephen T. Logan for the same position.

I two years before, by a large majority. Yates way
j elected. Two years later he was re-elected, over
John Calhoun.

It was during Yates second term in Congress that
the great question of the repeal of the Missouri Com-
promise was agitated, and the bars laid down for re-
opening the dreaded anti-slavery question. He took
strong grounds against the repeal, and thus became
identified with the rising Republican party. Conse-
quently he fell into the minority in his district, which
was pro-slavery. Even then, in a third contest, he
fell behind Major Harris only zoo votes, after the
district had two years before given Pierce 2,000
majority for President.

The Republican State Convention of i860 met at
Decatur May 9, and nominated for the office of Gov-
ernor Mr. Yates, in preference to Hon. Norman B.
Judd, of Chicago, and Leonard Svvett, of Blooming-
ton, two of the ablest men of the State, who were
also candidates before the Convention. Francis i\.
Hoffman, of DuPage County, was nominated for
Lieutenant Governor. This was the year when Mr.
Lincoln was a candidate for President, a period re-
membered as characterized by the great v/hirlpuol
which precipitated the bloody Wir of the Rebellion.
The Douglas Democrats nominated J. C. Allen of
Crawford County, for Governor, and Lewis W. Ro-s.
of Fulton County, for Lieutenant Governor. The
Breckenridge Democrats and the Bell-Everett |)arty
had also full tickets in the field. After a most fear-
ful campaign, the result of the election gave Mr.
Yates 172,196 votes, and Mr. Allen 159,253. Mr.
Yates received over a thousand more votes than did
Mr. Lincoln himself.

Gov. Yates occupied the chair of State diying the

i6o

RICHARD YA TES.

most critical period of our country's history. la the
fate of the nation was involved tiiat of each Stale.
The life struggle of the former derived its sustenance
from the loyalty of the latter; and Gov. Yates
seemed to realize the situation, and proved himself
both loyal and wise in ui)holdiiig the Government.
He had a deep hold upon the affections of tlie
people, won by his moving eloquence and genial
manners. Erect and symmetrical in person, of ])re-
possessing appearance, with a winning address and a
magnetic power, few men possessed more of the ele-
ments of ixjpularity. His oratory was scholarly and
captivating, his hearers hardly knowing \\\\y they
were transported. He was social and convivial. In
the latter respect he was ultimately carried too far.

The very creditable military efforts of this State
during the War of the Rebellion, in putting into the
field the enormous numljcr of about 200,000 soldiers,
were ever promptly and ably seconded by his^excel-
lency ; and the was ambitious to deserve the title of
"the soldier's friend." Immediately after the battle of
Shiloh he repaired to the field of carnage to look
after the wounded, and his appeals for aid were
promptly resi»nded to by the peoiile. His procla-
mations calling for volunteers were impassionate
appeals, urging upon the people the duties and re-
quirements of patriotism ; and his special message
in 1S63 to the Democratic Legislature of this State
pleading for material aid for the sick and wounded
soldiers of Illinois regiments, breathes a deep fervor
of noble sentiment and feeling rarely equaled in
beauty or felicity of expression. Generally his mes-
sages on political and civil affairs were able and com-
prehensive. During his administration, however,
there were no civil events of an engrossing cliaracter,
although two years of his time were replete with
partisan quarrels of great bitterness. Military ar-
rests, Knights of the Golden Circle, riot in Fulton
County, attempted suppression of the Ciiicago Times
and the usurping State Constitutional Convention of
1862, were the chief local tO|)ics that were exciting
during the Governor's term. This Convention assem-
bled Jan. 7, and at once took the high position that
■"•iC law calling it was no longer binding, and that it

ad supreme power; that it represented a virtual
assemblage of the whole people of the State, and was
sovereign in the exercise of all power necessary to
vffect 9 peaceable revolution of tlie State Government

and to the re-establishment of one for the "happiness,
prosperity and freedom of the citizens," limited only
by the Federal Constitution. Notwithstanding the
law calling the Convention required its members to
take an oath to supiwrt the Constitution of the Slate
as well as that of the general Government, they
utterly refused to lake such oath. They also as-
sumed legislative powers and passed several im[)ort-
ant "laws!" Interfering with the (then) [jresent
executive duties. Gov. Yates was provoked to tell
them plainly that " he did not acknowledge the right
of the Convention to instruct him in the performance
of his duty."

In 1863 the Governor astonished the Democrats
l)y " proroguing " their Legislature. This body, after
a recess, met June 2, that year, and soon began to
waste time upon various partisan resolutions ; and,
while the two houses were disagreeing upon the
question of adjourning ««6' du-, the Governor, having
the authority in such cases, surprised them all by
adjourning them " to the Saturday next preceding the
first Monday in January, 1865 !" This led to great
excitement and confusion, and to a reference of the
Governor's act to the Supreme Court, who decided in
liis favor. Then it was the Court's turn to receive
abuse for weeks and months afterward.

During the autumn of 1S64 a conspiracy was de-
tected at Chicago which had for its object the liber-
ation of the prisoners of war at Camp Douglas, the
burning of the city and the inauguration of rebellio:i
in the North. Gen. Sweet, who had charge of tlie
camp at the time, first had his suspicions of danger
aroused by a number of enigmatically worded letters
which passed through the Camp postoflice. .\ de-
tective afterward discovered that the rebel Gen.
Marmaduke was in the city, under an assumed
name, and he, with other rebel officers — Grenfell,
Morgan, Cantrell, Buckner Morris, and Charles
Walsh — was arrested, most of whom were convicted
by a court-martial at Cincinnati and sentenced to
imprisonment, — Grenfell to be hung. The sentence
of the latter was afterward commuted to imprison-
ment for life, and all the others, after nine months'
imprisonment, were pardoned.

In March, 1873, Gov. Yates was appointed a Gov-
ernment Director of ihe Union Pacific Railroad, in
whicb. office he continued until his decease, at .St.
Louis, Mo., on the 27th of November following.

GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

163

MieJiard J. Ogles

^#,

:'*r

— }-

#-#-

-{—

f^ICHARl) J. OGLESBY, Gov-
ernor 1865-8, and re-elected
in 1 87 2 and 1884, was born
July 25, 1824, in Oldham Co.,
Ky., — the State which might
t«C-^ be considered the " mother of
Illinois Governors." Bereft of
"^ his parents at the tender age
of eight years, his early education
y/s.'i neglected. When 12 years of
age, and after he had worked a year
and a half at the carpenter's trade,
he removed with an uncle, Willis
Oglesby, into whose care he had
been committed, to Decatur, . this
State, where he continued his ap-
prenticeship as a mechanic, working six months for
Hon. E. O. Smith.

In 1844 he commenced studying law at Spring-
field, with Judge Silas Robbins, and read with him
one year. He was admitted to the Bar in 1845, and
commenced the practice of his chosen profession at
Sullivan, the county seat of Moultrie County.

The next year the war with Mexico was com-
menced, and in June, 1846, Mr. Oglesby volunteered,
was elected First Lieutenant of Co. C, Fourth Illinois
Regiment of Volunteers, and participated in the bat-
tles of Vera Cruz and Cerro Gordo.

On his return he sought to perfect his law studies
by attending a course of lectures at Louisville, but
on the breaking out of the California "gold fever " in
1849, he crossed the plains and mountains to the
new Eldorado, driving a six-mule team, with a com-

pany of eight men, Henry Prather being the leader.

In 1852 he returned home to Macon County, and
was placed that year by the Whig party on the ticket
of Presidential Electors. In 1856 he visited Europe,
.\sia and Africa, being absent 20 months. On his
return home he resu ned the practice of law, as a
member of the firm of Gallagher, Wait & Oglesby.
In 185S he was the Rei)ublican no.ainee for the
Lower House of Congress, but was defeated by the
Hon. James C. Robinson, Democrat. In i860 he
was elected to the Illinois State Senate ; and on the
evening the returns of this election were coming in,
Mr. Oglesby had a fisticuff encounter with "Cerro
Gordo Williams," in which he came out victorious,
and which was regarded as " the first fight of the
Rebellion." The following spring, when the war
had commenced in earnest, his ardent nature
quickly responded to the demands of patriotism a id
he enlisted. The extra session of the Legislature
elected him Colonel of the Eighth Illinois Infantry,
the second one in the State raised to suppress the
great Rebellion.

He was shortly entrusted with im[)ortant coni-
mands. For a time he was stationed at Bird's Point
and Cairo; in April he was promoted Brigadier Gen-
eral; at Fort Donelson his brigade was in the van,
being stationed on the right of General Grant's army
and the first brigade to be attacked. He lost 500
men before re-inforcements arrived. Many of these
men were from Macon County. He was engaged in
the battle of Corinth, and, in a brave charge at this
place, was sliot in the left lung with an ounce ball,
and was carried from the field in expectation of xwy

164

RICHARD J. OGLESBY.

mediate death. That rebel ball he carries to this
day. On his partial recovery he was promoted as
Major General, for gillaiitiy, his cominissioa to rank
from November, 1862. In the spring of 1863 he
was assigned to the command of the i6th Army
Corps, but, owing to inability from the effects of his
wound, he relinquished this command in July, that
year. Gen. Grant, however, refused to accept his
resignation, and he was detailed, in December follow-
ing, to court-martial and try the Surgeon General of
the Army at Washington, where he remained until
May, 1864, when he returned home.

The Republican, or Union, State Convention of

1864 was lield at SpriuLifieid, May 25, when Mr.
Oglesby was nominated for the office of Governor,
while other candidates before the Convention were
Allen C. Fuller, of Boone, Jesse K. Dubois, of Sanga-
mon, and John M. Palmer, of Macoupin. Wm.
Bross, of Chicago, was nominated for Lieutenant
Governor. On the Democratic State ticket were
James C. Robinson, of ("lark, for Governor, and S.
Corning Judd, of Fulton, for Lieutenant Governor.
The general election gavj Gen. Oglesby a majority
of about 31,000 votes. The Republicans had also a
majority in both th" Legislature and in the repre-
sentation in Congress.

Gov. Oglesby was duly inaugurated Jan. 17, 1S65.
The day before the fiist time set for his installation
death visited his hj ne at Decatur, and look from it
iiis only son, an intelligent and sprightly lad of si.x
years, a great favorite of the bereaved i)arents. This
caused the inauguration to be postponed a week.

The political events of the Legislative session of

1865 were the election of ex-Gov. Yates to the
United States Senate, and the ratification of the 13th
amend. nent to the Constitution of the United States,
abolishing slavery. This session also signalized
itself by repealing the notorious " black laws," part
of which, although a dead letter, had held their place
upon the statute books since 1S19. Also, laws re-
quiring the registration of voters, and establishing a
State Board of Equalization, were passed by this Leg-
islature. But the same body evinced that it was cor-
ruptly influenced by a mercenary lobby, as it adopted
some bad legislation, over the Governor's veto, nota-
bly an amendment to a charter for a Chicago horse
railway, granted in 1859 for 25 years, and now
souglit to be extended 99 years. As this measure
was promptly passed over his veto by both branches
of the Legislature, he deemed it useless further to
attempt to check their headlong career. At this
session no law of a general useful character or public
interest was perfected, unless we count such the
burning over of the canal to Chicago to be deepened.
The session of 1867 was still more productive of
private and special acts. Many omnibus bills were
nrop^sed, and some passed. Tiie contests over the
,:ca'ion of the Industrial College, the Capital, the

Southern t''enitentiary, and the canal enlargement
and Illinois River improvement, dominated every
thing else.

During the year 1872, it became evident that if
the Republicans could re-elect Mr. Oglesby to the
office of Governor, they could also elect him to the
United States Senate, which they desired to do.
Accordingly they re-nominated him for the Exec u-
tive chair, and placed ui)on the ticket with him for
Lieutenant Governor, John L. Beveridge, of Cook
County. On the other side the Democrats pat into
the field Gustavus Koerner for Governor and John
C. Black for Lieutenant Governor. The election
gave the Republican ticket majorities ranging from
35>334 tt) 56,174, — ihe Democratic defection being
caused mainly by their h.iving an old-time Whig and
Abolitionist, Horace Greeley, on the national ticket
for President. According to the general understand-
ing had beforehand, as soon as the Legislature met
it elected Gov. Oglesby to the United States Senate,
whereupon Mr. Beveridge became Governor. Sena-
tor Oglesby 's term expired March 4, 1S79, having
served his party faithfully and exhibited an order of
statesmanship beyond criticism.

During the campaign of 1SS4 Mr. Oglesby was
nominated for a "third term" as Executive of the
State of Illinois, against Carter H. Harrison, Mayor
of Chicago, nominated by the Democrats. Both
gentlemen " stumped " the State, and while the peo-
])le elected a Legislature which was a tie on a joint
ballot, as between the two parties, they gave the
jovial " Dick" Oglesby a majority of 15,018 for Gov-
ernor, and he was inaugurated Jan. 30, 1885. The
Legislature did not fully organize until this date, 0:1
account of its equal division between tlie two main
parties and the consequent desperate tactics of eacli
party to checkmate the latter in the organization of
the House.

Gov. Oglesby is a fine-appearing, affable man, witli
regular, well defined features and rotund face. la
stature he is a little above medium height, of a large
frame and somewhat fleshy. His physical ap|>ear-
ance is striking and preiwssessing, while his straight-
out, not to say bluff, manner and speech are well
calculated favorably to imjjress the average masses.
Ardent in feeling and strongly committed to the pol-
icies of his party, he intensifies Republicanism
among Republicans, while at the same time his jovial
and liberal manner prevents those of the opposite
party from hating him.

He is quite an effective stump orator. With vehe-
ment, ])assionate and scornful tone and gestures,
tremendous physical power, which in speaking he
exercises to the utmost; with frequent descents to
the grotesque; and with abundant homely compari-
sons or frontier figures, expressed in the broadest
vernacular and enforced with stentorian em[)hasis,
he delights a promiscuous audience beyond measure.

d—^-'^CL^

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

'^f^^'Sii^'o^.

P^ \J' AIL 1\ AVJLt' JL J^ JU 1\JL EU A\u ly/lf

t t/y nilN Mc AULEY PALMER, Gov-
■* ■ *i ernor 1869-72, was born on

4 \li\t'* r Eagle Creek, Scott Co., Ky.,
Sept. 13, 1817. During his in-
fancy, his father, who had been
a soldier in tlie war of 181 2, re-
moved to Christian Co., Ky.,
wliere lands were cheap. Here
the future Governor of the great
Prairie State s|jent his childhood
and received such meager school-
ing as the new and sparsely set-
tled country afforded. To this
he added materially by diligent
^^^' reading, for v.'hich he evinced an

eady ajjlitude. His father, an ardent Jackson man,
was also noted for his anti-slavery sentiments, wliich
he thoroughly impressed upon his children. In 1831
he emigrated to Illinois, settling in Madison County.
Here the labor of improving a farn\ was pursued for
ab: ut two years, when the death of Mr. Palmer's
iud'.her broke up the family. About this time Alton
College was opened, on the "manual labor " system,
and in the spring of 1834 young Palmer, with his
elder brother, Elihu, entered this school and remained
18 months. Next, for over three years, he tried
variously coopering, peddling and school-teaching.

Duiing the summer of 1838 he formed the ac-
quain'ince of Stephen A. Douglas, then making his

first canvass for Congress. Young, eloquent and in
political accord witli Mr. Palmer, he won his confi-
dence, fired his ambition and fixed his purpose. The
following winter, while teaching near Canton, he be-
gan to devote his spare time to a desultory reading
of la.v, and in the spring entered a law office at Car-
liaville, making his home with his elder brother,
Elihu. (The latter was a learned clergyman, of con-
siderable orginality of thought and doctrine.) On
the next meeting of the Supreme Court he was ad-
mitted to the Bar, Douglas being one of his examiners.
He was not immediately successful in his profession,
and woOld have located elsewhere than Carlinville
had he the requisite means. Thus his early poverty
was a blessing in disguise, for to it he now attributes
the success of his life.

From 1839 on, while he diligently pursued his
profession, he participated more or less in local
politics. In 1843 he became Probate Judge. lu
1 847 he was elected to the State Constitutional Con-
vention, where he took a leading part. In 1852 hi,
was elected to the State Senate, and at the special
session of February, 1854, true to the anti-slaver)
sentiments bred in hiin, he took a firm stand in op
position to the repeal of the Missouri Compromise,
and when the Nebraska question became a part;
issue he refused to receive a re-nomination for th(
Senatorship at the hands of the Democracy, issuinj
a circular to that effect. A few weeks afterward

j6S

JOHN MC AULEV PALMER.

however, hesitating to break with his party, he par-
ticipated in a Congressional Convention which nomi-
T. L. Harris against Richard Yates, and which
unqualifiedly approved the principles of the Kansas-
Nebraska act. But Inter in the campaign he made
the plunge, ran for the Senate as an Anti-Nebraska
Democrat, and was elected. The following winter
he put in nomination for the United States Senate
Mr. Trumbull, and was one of the five steadfast men
who voted for him until all the Whigs came to their
support and elected their man.

In 1856 he was Chairman of the Republican State
Convention at Bloomington. He ran for Congress in
1859, but was defeated. In i860 he was Republican
Presidential Elector for the State at large. In 1S61
he was appointed one of the five Delegates (all Re-
publicans) sent by Illinois to the peace congress at
Washington.

When the civil conflict broke out, he offered his
services to his country, and was elected Colonel of the
i4ih 111. Vol. Inf , and participated in the engagements
at Island No. 10; at Farmington, where he skillfully
extricated his command from a dangerous position ;
at Stone River, where his division for several hours,
Dec. 31, 1862, held the advance and stood like a
rock, and for his gallantry there he was m.nde Mnjor
General; at Chickamauga, where his and Van Cleve's
divisions for two hours maintained their position
when they were cut off by overpowering numbers
Under Gen. Sherman, he was assigned to the 14th
Army Corps and participated in the Atlanta campaign.
At Peach-Tree Creek his prudence did much fo avert
disaster. In February, 1865, Gen. Palmer was as-
signed to the military administration of Kentucky,
which was a delicate post. That State was about
half rebel and half Union, and those of the latter
element were daily fretted by the loss of their slaves.
He, who had been bred to the rules of common law,
trembled at the contemplation of his extraordinary
[wwer over the persons and property of his fellow
men, with which he was vested in his capacity as
military Governor ; and he exhibited great caution in
the execution of the duties of his post.

Gen. Palmer was nominated for Governor of Illi-
nois by the Republican State Convention which met
ai Peori I May 6, 1868, a'ld his nomination would
probably have been ma le by acclainalion liad he not
persistently declared ihat he could not accept a can-

didature for the office. The result of the ensuing
election gave Mr. Palmer a majority of 44,707 over
John R. Eden, the Democratic nominee.

0.1 tlie meeting of the Legislature in January,
1869, the first thing to arrest public attention was
that portion of the Governor's message which took
broad Slate's rights ground. This and some minor
pjints, whijh were mare iu keeping with the Demo-
cratic sentiment, constituted the e.itering wedge f )r
the criticisms and reproofs he afterward received
fio'.n the Republican party, and ultimately resulted
in his entire aleniation from the Litter element. The
Legislature just referred to was noted for the intro-
duction of numerous bills in the interest of private
parties, which were embarrassing to the Governor.
Among the public acts passed was that which limited
railroad charges for passenger travel to a maximum
of three cents per mile ; and it was passed over the
Governor's veto. Also, they passed, over his veto,
the "tax-grabbing law" to pay r?.ilror.i subscriptions,
the Chicago Lake Front bill, etc. The r;ew State
Constitution of 1S70, far superior to the old, was a
peaceful " revolution" which took place during Gov.
Palmer's term of office. The suffering caused by the
great Chicago Fire of October, 1871, was greatly
alleviated by the prompt responses of his excellency.

Since the expiration of Gov. Palmers 's term, he has
been somewhat prominent in Illinois jwlitics, and
h;is been talked of by many, especially in the Dem-
ocratic party, as the best man in the State for a
United States Senator. His business during life has
been that of the law. Few excel him in an accurate
appreciation of the depth and scope of its principles-
The great number of his able veto messages abun-
dantly testify not only this but also a rare capacity to
l)oinl them out. He is a logical and cogent reasoner
and an interesting, forcible and convincing speaker,
though not fluent or ornate. Without brilliancy, his
dealings are rather with facts and_ ideas than with
appeals to passions and prejudices. He is a patriot
and a statesman of very high order. Physically he is
above the medium height, of robust frame, ruddy
complexion and sanguine-nervous temperament. He
has a largo cranial development, is vivacious, social
in disposition, easy of approach, unostentatious in his
habits of life, democratic in his hain'ts and manner;
and is a true American in his fundamental principle*
of statesmanship.

GO VERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

17 >

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crura

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OHN LOWRiR BEVER-

111 . s* IDGE, Covernor iS73-6,was
It^/lK bom ill tlie town of Green-
wich, Washington Co., N. Y.,
July 6, 1824. His parents
were George and Ann Bevcr-
idge. His father's parents, An-
drew and Isabel Beveridge, be-
fore their marriage emigrated
from Scotland just before the
Revolutionary War, settling in
Washington County. His father
was tiie eldest of eight brothers, the
youngest of whom was 60 years of
age when the first one of the num-
ber died. His mother's parents,
James and Agnes Hoy, emigrated
from Scotland at the close of the
Revolutionary War, settling also in
Washington Co., N. Y., with their
first-born, whose " native land "was
the wild ocean. His parents and
grand[)arents lived beyond the time
allotted to man, their average age
being over So years. They belonged to the " Asso-
ciate Cluiich," a seceding Presbyterian body of

America from the old Scotch school ; and so rigid
was the training of young Beveridge that he never
heard a sermon from any other minister except that
of his own denomination until he was in his 19th
year. Later in life he became a member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, which relation he still
holds.

Mr. Beveridge received a good common-school ed-
ucation, but his parents, who could obtain a livelihood
only by rigid economy and industry, could not send
him away to college. He was raised upon a farm,
and was in his i8th year when the family removed
to De Kalb County, this State, when that section was
very sparsely settled. Chicago had less than 7,000
inhabitants. In this wild West he continued as a
farm laborer, teaching school during the winter
months to supply the means of an education. In the
fill of 1842 he attended one term at the academy at
Granville, Putnam Co., 111., and subsequently sever.il
terms at the Rock River Seminary at Mount Morris,
Ogle Co., 111., completing the academic course. At
this time, the fall of 1845, '^'^ parents and brothers
were anxious to have him go to college, even though
lie had not money sufficient; but, njt willing to bur-
den the family, he packed his trunk and with only
$40 in money started South to seek his fortune

JOHN L. liEVERIBGE.

Poor, alone, without friends and influence, he thus
entered upon the battle of life.

First, he taught school in Wilson, Overton and
Jackson Cos., Tenn., in which experience he under-
went considerable mental drill, both in book studies
and in the ways of the world. He read law and was
admitted to the Bar, in the South, but did not learn
to love the institution of slavery, although he ad-
mired many features of Southern character. In De-
cember, 1847, he returned North, and Jan. 20, 184S,
he married Miss Helen M. Judson, in the old Clark-
Street M. E. church in Chicago, her father at that
time being Pastor of the society there. In the spring
of 1S48. he returned with his wife to Tennessee,
where his two children. Alia May and Philo Judson,
were born.

In the fall of rS49, through the mismanagement
of an associate, he lost what little he had accumu-
lated and was left in debt. He soon managed to
earn means to pay his debts, returned to De Kalb
Co., 111., and entered upon the practice of his pro-
fession at Sycamore, the county seat. On arrival
from the South he had but one-quarter of a dollar in
money, and scanty clothing and bedding for himself
and family. He borrowed a little money, practiced
law, worked in public offices, kept books for some of
the business men of the town, and some railroad en-
gineering, till the spring of r854, when he removed
to Evanston, 12 miles north of Chicago, a place then
but recently laid out, under the supervision of the
Northwestern University, a Methodist institution.
Of the latter his father-in-law was then financial
agent and business manager. Here Mr. Beveridge
prospered, and the next year (1855) opened a law
office in Chicago, where he found the battle some-
what hard; but he persevered with encouragement
and increasing success.

Aug. 12, 1861, his law partner, Gen. John F.
Farnsworth, secured authority to raise a regiment of
cavalry, and authorized Mr. Beveridge to raise a
company for it. He succeeded in a few days in rais-
ing the company, of course enlisring himself along
with it. The regiment rendezvoused at St. Charles,
111., was mustered Jn Sept. iS, andon its organiza-
tion Mr. B. was elected Second Major. It was at-
tached, Oct. Ti, to the Eighth Cavalry and to the
Army of t1ie Potoniar. He served with tlic regiment
until November, 1863, participating in some 40 bat-

tles and skirmishes : was at Fair Oaks, the seven days
fight around Richmond, Fredericksburg, Chancellors-
ville and Gettysburg. He commanded the regiment
the greaterpart of the summer of 1863, and it was while
lying in camp this year that he originated the policy
of encouraging recruits as well as the fighting capac-
ity of the soldiery, by the wholesale furlough system.
It worked so well that many other officers adopted
it. In the fall of this year he recruited another com-
pany, against heavy odds, in January, 1864, was
commissioned Colonel of the 17th 111. Cav., and
skirmished around in Missouri, concluding with the
reception of the surrender of Gen. Kirby Smith's
army in -Arkansas. In 1865 he commanded various
sub-districts in the Southwest. He was mustered
out Feb. 6, 1866, safe from the casualties of war and
a stouter man than when he first enlisted. His men
idolized him.

He then returned to Chicago, to practice law, with
no library and no clientage, and no polirical experi-
ence e-xcept to help others into office. In the fall of
1866 he was elected Sheriff of Cook County, serving
one term; next, until November, 1870, he practiced
law and closed up the unfinished business of his
office. He was then elected State Senator; in No-
vember, 187 1, he was elected Congressman at large;
in November, 1872, he was elected Lieutenant Gov-
ernor on the ticket with Gov. Oglesby; the latter be-
ing elected to the U. S. Senate, Air. Beveridge became
Governor, Jan. 21, 1873. Thus, inside of a few
weeks, he was Congressman at large. Lieutenant
Governor and Governor. The principal events oc-
curring during Gov. Beveridge 's administration were:
The completion of the revision of the statutes, begun
in 1869; the partial success of the "farmers' move-
ment;" " Haines' Legislature " and IlHnois' exhibit at
the Centennial.

Since the close of his gubernatorial term ex-Gov
Beveridge has been a member of the firm of Bever-
idge & Dewey, bankers and dealers in commercial
paper at 7 1 Dearborn Street (McCorraick Block),
Chicago, and since November, iSSi, he has also been
.Assistant United States Treasurer: office in the
Government Building. His residence is still at Ev-
anston.

He has a brother and two sisters yet residing in
De Kail) County — James H. Beveridge, Mrs. Jennet
Henry and Mrs. Isabel French.

GO VERA'ORS OF ILLINOIS.

>75

8BMLB Y M, CULLOM.

HELBY U. CULLOM, Gover-
nor 1877-83,15 the sixth child
of the kite Richard N. Cullom,
and was born Nov. 22, 1829,111
Wayne Co., Ky., where his fa-
ther then resided, and whence
both the Ilhnois and Tennessee
branches of the family originated. In
the followiuL; year the family emi-
grated to the vicinity of Washington,
Tazewell Co., 111., when that section
was very sparsely settled. They lo-
cated on Deer Creek, in a grove at
the time occupied by a party of In-
dians, attracted there l)y the superior
hunting and fishing afforded in that
vicinity. The following winter was
known as the " hard winter," the snow being very
rleep and lasting and the weather severely cold; and
trie family had to subsist mainly on boiled corn or
hominy, and some wild game, for several weeks. In
the course of time Mr. R. N. Cullom became a prom-
inent citizen and was several times elected to the
Legislature, both before and after the removal of the
cajiital from Vaiidalia to Springfield. He died about

'873-

Until about 19 years of age young Cullom grew up
to agricultural pursuits, attending school as he had
opix)rtunity daring the winter. Within this time,
nowever, he spent several months teachinc <:chool,

and in the following summer he "broke prairie "with
an ox team for the neighbors. With the money ob-
tained by these various ventures, he undertook a
course of study at the Rock River Seminary, a
Methodist institution at Mt. Morris, Ogle County;
but tlie sudden change to the in-door life of a stu-
dent told severely upon his health, and he was taken
home, being considered in a hopeless condition. While
at Mt. Morris he heard Hon. E. B. Washburne make
his first speech.

On recovering health, Mr. Cullom concluded to
study law, under the instruction of Abraham Lincoln,
at Springfield, who had by this time attained some
notoriety as an able lawyer; but the latter, being ab-
sent from his office most of the time, advised Mr.
Cullom to enter the office of Stuart & Edwards.
After about a year of study there, however, his health
failed again, and lie was obliged to return once more
to out-door life. Accordingly he bought hogs for
packing, for \. G. Tyng, in Peoria, and while he re-
gained his health he gained in purse, netting $400 in
a few weeks. Having been admitted to the Bar, he
went to Springfield, where he was soon elected City
Attorney, on the .\nti-Nebraska ticket.

In 1856 he ran on- the Fillmore ticket as a Presi-
dential Elector, and, although failing to be elected as
such, he was at the same ti^ne elected a Representa-
tive in tiie Legislature from Sangamon County, by a
local coalition of the American and Republican par-
ties. On the organizatio 1 of the Hoase, lie received
the vote of the Fillmore men for Speaker. Practicing

fj6

SHELB V M. CULLOM.

law until iS6o, he was again elected to the Legisla-
ture, as a Rei)ublican, while the county went Demo-
cratic on the Presidential ticket. In January follow-
ing he was elected Speaker, probably the youngest
man who luid ever presided over an Illinois Legis-
lature. After the session of 1861, he was a candidate
for the State Canstitational Convention called for
that year, but was d.;feated, and thus escaped the
disgrace of being connected with that abortive parly
scheme to revolutionize the State Government. In
1862 he was a candidate for the State Senate, but
was defeated. The same year, however, he was ap-
pointed by President Lincoln on a Government
Commission, in company with Gov. Boutwell of
Massachusetts and Cnarles A. Dana, since of the
New York Sun, to investigate the affairs of the
Quartermaster's and Commissary Departments at
Cairo. He devoted several months to this duty.

In 1864 he enteied upon a larger political field,
being nominated as the Republican candidate for
Congress from the Eighth (Springfield) District, in
opposition to the incumbent, JohnT. Stuart, who had
been elected in 1862 by about 1,500 majority over
Leonard Swett, then of Bloomington, now of Chicago.
The result was the election of Mr. Cullom in Novem-
ber following by a majority of 1,785. In 1866 he
was re-elected to Congress, over Dr. E. S. Fowler, by
the magnificent majority of 4,103! In 1868 he was
again a candidate, defeating the Hon. B. S. Edward ^
another of his old preceptors, by 2,884 votes.

During his first term in Congress he served on the
Committee on Foreign Affairs and E.xpenditures in
tlie Treasury Department; in his second term, on
the Committees on Foreign Affairs and 0:1 Territories ;
and in his third term he succeeded Mr. Ashley, of
O'.iio, to the Chairmanship of the latter. He intro-
duced a bill in the House, to aid in the execution of
law in Utah, which caused more consternation amont;
the Mormons than any measure had previously, but
which, though it passed the House, failed to pass the
Senate.

The Republican Convention which met May 25,
18/6, nominated Mr. Cullom for Governor, while the
other contestant was Gov. Beveridge. For Lieuten-
aiu-Governor they nominated Andrew Shuman, editor
of the Cliicago Journal. For the same offices the
Democrat?, combining with the Anti-Monopolists,
Dlaced in nomination Lewis Steward, a wealthy

farmer and manufacturer, and A. A. Glenn. The
result of the election was rather close, Mr. Cullom
obtaining only 6,800 majority. He was inaugurated
Jan. 8, 1877.

Great depression prevailed in financial circles at
this time, as a consequence of the heavy failures of
1873 and afterward, the effect of which had seemed
to gather force from that time to the end of Gov.
CuUom's first administration. Tliis unspeculative
period was not calculated to call forth any new
issues, but the Governor's energies were at one time
put to task to quell a spirit of insubordination that
had been begun in Pittsburg, Pa., among the laboring
classes, and transferred to Illinois at Chicago, East
St. Louis and Braidwood, at which places laboring
men for a short time refused to work or allow others
to work. These disturbances were soon quelled and
the wheels of industry again set in motion.

In May, 1880, Gov. Cullom was re-nominated by
the Republicans, against Lyman Trumbull, by the
Democrats; and although the former party was some-
what handicapped in the campaign by a zealous
faction opposed to Grant for President and to Grant
men for office generally, Mr. Cullom was re-elected
by about 314,565, to 277,532 for the Democratic State
ticket. The Greenback vote at the same tune was
about 27,000. Both Houses of the Legislature again
became Republican, and no representative of the
Greenback or Socialist parties were elected. Gov.
Cullom was inaugurated Jan. 10, 1S81. In his mes-
sage he announced that the last dollar of the -State
debt had been provided for.

March 4, 1883, the term of David Davis as United
States Senator from Illinois expired, and Gov. Cul-
lom was chosen to succeed him. This promoted
Lieutenant-Governor John M. Hamilton to the Gov-
ernorship. Senator Cullom's term in the United
States Senate will expire March 4, 1889.

As a practitioner oflaw Mr. C. has been a member
of the firm of Cullom, Scholes & Mather, at Spring-
field ; and he has also been President of the State
National Bank.

He has been married twice, — the first time Dec.
12, 1855, to Miss Hannah Fisher, by whom he had
two daughters; and the second time May 5, 1863,
to Julia Fisher. Mrs. C is a member of the Method-
ist Episcopal Church, with which religious body Mr,
(". is also in sympathy.

^:^

GOVERNORS OF ILLINOIS.

'79

A'7^WWS)7^^^

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OHN MARSHALL HAMIL-
TON, Governor 1883-5, '^^^
born May 28, 1847, in a log
house upon a farm about two
miles from Richwood, Union
County, Ohio. His father was
Samuel Hamilton, the eldest son
of Rev. \Vm. Hamilton, who, to-
gether with his brother, the Rev.
'*' Samuel Hamilton, was among the
early pioneer Methodist preachers in
Ohio. The mother of the subject of
this sketch was, before her marriage,
Mrs. Nancy McMorris, who was
jorn and raised m Fauquier or Lou-
doun County, Va., and related to the
two large families of Youngs and Marshalls, well
known in that commonwealth ; and from the latter
family name was derived the middle name of Gov.
Hamilton.

In March, 1854, Mr. Hamilton's father sold out
his little pioneer forest home in L^nion County, O.,
and, loading his few household effects and family
(of six children) into two emigrant covered wagons,
moved to Roberts Township, Marshall Co., 111., being
21 days on the route. Swamps, unbridged streams
and innumerable hardships and privations met them
on their way. Their new home had been previously
selected by the father. Here, after many long years
of toil, they succeeded in paying for the land and
making a comforta^'ip home. John was, of course,

brought up to hard manual labor, with no schooling
except three or four montiis in the year at a common
country school. However, he evinced a capacity
and taste for a high order of self-education, by
studying or reading what books he could borrow, as
the family had but very few in tlie house. Much of
his study he prosecuted by the light of a log fire in
the old-fashioned chimney place. The financial
panic of 1857 caused the family to come near losing
their home, to pay debts; but the father and two
sons, William and John, "buckled to'' and perse
vered in hard labor and economy until they redeemed
their place from the mortgage

When the tremendous excitement of the political
campaign of i860 reached the neighborhood of Rob-
erts Township, young Hamilton, who had been
brought up in the doctrine of anti-slavery, took a zeal-
ous part in favor of Lincoln's election. Makingspeci.il
efforts to procure a little money to buy a uniform, lie
joined a company of Lincoln Wide-Awakes at Mag-
nolia, a village not far away. Directly after the
ensuing election it became evident that trouble
would ensue with the South, and this Wide-Awake
company, like many others throughout the country,
kept up its organization and transformed itself into a
military company. During the ensuing summer thev
met often for drill and became proficient ; but when
they offered themselves for the war, young Hamilton
was rejected on account of his youth, he being then
but 14 years of age. During the winter of 1S63-4 lie
attended an academy at Henry, Marshall County.

tSo

JOHN MARSHALL HAMILTON.

and in the following May he again enlisted, for the
fourth time, when he was placed in the 141st 111.
Vol. Inf., a regiment then being raised at Elgin, 111.,
for the 100-day service. He took with him 13 other
lads from liis neighborhood, for enlistment in the
service. I'his regiment operated in Southwestern
Kentucky, for about five months, under Gen. Paine.

The following winter, 1864-5, ■^^''- Hamilton taught
school, and during the two college years 1865-7, he
went througii three years of the curriculum of the
Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio. The
third year he graduated, tire fourth in a class of 46,
in the classical department. In due time he received
the degree of M. A. For a few months he was the
Principal of Marshall " College " at Henry, an acad-
emy under the auspices of the M. E. Church. By
this time he had commenced the study of law, and
after earning some money as a temporary Professor
of Latin at the Illinois Wesleyan University at
Bloomington, he entered the law office of Weldon,
Tipton & Binjani'n, of that city. Each member of
tliis firm has since been distinguished as a Judge.
.\dmitted to the Bar i.i .M.iy, 1870, Mr. Hamilton
was given an interest in ihe same firm, Tipton hav-
ing been elected Judge. In October following he
formed a partnership with J. H. Rowell, at that time
Prosecuting Attorney. Their business was then
small, but they increased it to very large proportions,
practicing in all grades of courts, including even the
U. S. Supreme Court, and this partnership continued
unbroken until Feb. 6, 1883, when Mr. Hamilton
was sworn in as Executive of Illinois. On the 4th
of March following Mr. Rowell took his seat in Con-
gress.

In July, 187 I, Mr. Hamilton married Miss Helen
M. Williams, the dau-htcr of Prof. Wm. G Williams,
Professor of Greek in the Ohio Weile)a:i University.
Mr. and Mrs. H. have two daughters and one son.

In 1876 Mr. Hamilton was nominated by the Re-
publicans for the State Senate, over oilier and older
competitors. He took an active part ' 0.1 the stump "
in the campaign, for the success of his party, and was
elected by a majority of 1,640 over his Democratic-
Greenback opponent. In the Senate he served on
the Committees on Judiciary, Revenue, State Insti-
tutions, Appropriations, Education, and on Miscel-
lany ; and during the contest for the election of a
U. S. Senator, the Republicans endeavoring to re-

elect John A. Logan, he voted for the war chief on
every ballot, even alone when all the other Republi-
cans had gone over to the Hon. E. B. Lawrence and
the Democrats and Independents elected Judge
D.ivid Davis. .At this session, also, was passed tlie
first Board of Health and Medit al Practice act, of
which Mr. Hamilton was a champion, aga'' :' . .
much opposition that the bill was several times
" laid on the table." Also, this session authorized
the location ar.d establishment of a southern pe'"-
tentiary, which was fixed at Chester. In the sessio"^
of 1879 Mr. Hamilton was elected President //■<;/£.•>«.
of the Senate, and was a zealous supporter of John
A. Logan for the U. S. Senate, who wa-. this time
elected without any trouble.

In May, 1880, Mr. Hamilton was nominated on
the Republican ticket for Lieutenant Governor, his
principal competitors before the Convention being
Hon. Wm. A. James, ex-Speaker of the House of
Representatives, Judge Robert Bell, of Wabash
County, Hon. T. T. Fountain, of Perry County, and
Hon. M. M. Saddler, of Marion County. He engaged
actively in the campaign, and his ticket was elected
by a majority of 41,200. As Lieutenant Governor,
he presided almost continuously over the Senate in
the 32d General Assembly and during the early days
of the 33d, until he succeeded to the Governorship
When the Legislature of 1883 elected Gov. Culloni
to the United States Senate, Lieut. Gov. Hamilton
succeeded him, under the Constitution, taking the
oath of office Feb. 6, 1S83. He bravely met all the
annoyances and embarrassments incidental upon
taking up another's administration. The principal
events with which Gov. Hamilton was connected as
the Chief Executive of the State were, the mine dis-
aster at Braidwood, the riots in St. Clair and Madison
Counties in May, 1883, the appropriations for the
State militia, the adoption of the Harper high-license
liquor law, the veto of a dangerous railroad bill, etc.

The Governor was a Delegate at large to the
National Republican Convention at Chicago in June,

1884, where his first choice for President was John
.\. Logan, and second choice Chester A. Arthur; but
he afterward zealously worked for the election of Mr.
Blaine, true to his party.

Mr. Hamilton's term a» Governor expired Jan. 30,

1885, when the great favorite " Dick " Oglesby was
inauguratccl.

.^^«s..

t/^J,

^-^

JOSEPH W. FIFER.

183

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OSF.I'II WILSON FIFER.

(listingiiished gentleman

This
was
i^^i fleeted Governor of Illinois
November 6, 1.S88. lie was
popularly known during the
campaign as '•Private Joe." He
liad served with great devotion
to his country during the Re-
bellion, in the Thirtj'-third
Illinois Infantry. A native of
Virginia, he was born in 1840.
Ilis parents, John and Mary
( Daniels) Fifer, were American
born, though of German de-
scent. His father was a brick
and stone mason, and an old
Henry Clay "Whig in politics. John and Mary
Fifer had nine children, of whom Joseph was the
sixth, and naturallj' with so large a family it was
all the father could do to keep the wolf from the
door; to say nothing of giving his children any-
thing like good educational advantages.

Young Joseph attended school some in Vir-
ginia, but it was not a good school, and when
his father removed to the West, in 1857, Joseph had
not advanced much further than the "First Reader.''

Our subject was sixteen then and suffered a great
misfortune in the loss of his mother. After the death
of IMrs. Fifer, which occurred in Missouri, the
family returned to Virginia, but remained only a
short time, as during tlie same year Mr. Fifer
came to Illinois. He settled in McLean County and
started a Ijrickyard. Here Joseph and his liroth-
ers were put to work. The elder Fifer soon
bought a farm near Bloomington and liegaji life .as
an agriculturalist. Here Joe worked and attended
the neighboring school. He alternated farm-work,
brick-lajing, and going to the district school for
the succeeding few years. It was all work and no
play for Joe, yet it by no means made a dull boy
of him. All the time he w'as thinking of the great
world outside, of which he had caught a glimpse
when coming from Virginia, yet he did ntit know
just how he was going to get out into it. He
could not feel that the woods around the new
farm and the log cabin, in which the family lived,
were to hold him.

The opportunity to get out into the world was
soon offered to young Joe. He traveled a dozen
miles barefoot, in company with his brother (Jeorge,
and enlisted in Company C, 33d Illinois Infantry;
he being then twenty years old. In a few day

184

JOSEPH W. FIFf:R.

the regiment was sent to Camp Butler, and then
over into Missouri, and saw some viyrorous service
there. After a second time helping to chase Price
out of Missouri, the 33d Kegiment went down
to Millikeii's Bend, and for several weeks '■ Private
•Joe " worked on Grant's famous ditch. The regi-
ment then joined the forcoB operating against Port
Gibson and Vicksburg. .Joe was on guard dutj- in
the front ditches when the flag of surrender was
run up on the 4th of July, and stuck the baj-onet
of his gun into the embankment and went into the
city with the vanguard of Union soldiers.

The nest day, Jul}' 5, the 38d joined the force
after Johnston, who had been threatening Grant's
rear: and linallj' an assault was made on him at
.lackson. Miss. In this charge -Private Joe" fell, ter-
ribly wounded. He w.as loading his gun when a
minie-ball struck him and passed entirely through
his body. He was regarded as mortally wounded.
His brotlier. George, who had been made a Lieu-
tenant, proved to be the means of s.aviug his life.
The Surgeon told him unless he had ice his brother
Joe could not live. It was fifty miles to the nearest
point where ice cfuild be olitained, and the roads
were rough. A comrade, a^SIcLean countv man, who
had lieen wounded, offered to make the trip. An
ambulance was secured .and the brother soldier
started on thcjourne}'. lie returned with the ice.
but the trip, owing to the roughness of the roads,
was very hard on him. After a few months' eare-
fid niirshig Mr. Fifer was able to come home. The
33d came home on a furlough, and when the
boys were ready to return to tiie tented field,
young Fifer was read}' to go with them; for he was
determined to finish his term of three 3-ears. He
was mustered out in October, 18G4, having been
in the service tliree years and two montlis.

•■Private Joe" came out of the arm}- a tall,
tanned, and awkward young man of twenty-four.
Al>out all he possessed was ambition to be some-
body — and pluck. Though at an age when most
men have finished their college course, the young
soldier saw that if he w.as to be anybody he must
have an education. Yet he had no means to ena-
ble him to enter school .as most young men do.
He was determined to hiive an education, however,
an<l tiiat to him meant success. For the following

four years he struggled with his books. He entered
Wesleyan University Jan. 1. 1865. He was not a
brilliant student, being neither at the head nor the
foot of his class. He was in great earnest, how-
ever, studied hard and came forth with a well-
stored and disciplined mind.

Immediately after being graduated he entered
an office at Bloomington as a law student. He had
already read law some, and as he continued to work
hard, with the spur of poverty and promptings of
ambition ever with him, he was ready to hang out
his profession.al shingle in 1869. Being trust-
worthy he soon gathered about him some influen-
tial friends. In 1871 he was elected Corporation
Counsel of Bloomington. In 1872 he was elected
State's Attorney of McLean County. This office
he held for eight years, when he took his seat in
the State Senate. Here he served for four years.
His ability to perform abundance of hard work
made him a most valued member of the Legisla-
ture.

jNIr. Fifer was married in 1870 to Gertie, daugh-
ter of William J. Lewis, of Bloomington. Mr.
Fifer is six feet in height and is spare, weighing
only 150 pounds. He has a swarthy complexion,
keen black eyes, quick movement, and possesses a
frank and sympathetic nature, and naturally makes
friends wherever he goes. During the late Guber-
natorial campaign his visits tluxuighout the State
|)roveil a great power in his behalf, llis liapp\'
faculty of winning the confidence and good wishes
of those with whom he comes in personal contact is a
source of great popularity, especially during a polit-
ical liattle. As a speaker he is fluent, his language
is good, voice clear and agreeable, and manner
forcible. His manifest earnestness in what hes.ays
.as well .as his tact .as a public speaker, and his elo-
quent and forceful language, makes him a most
valuable campaign orator and a powerful pleader
at the bar. At the Republican State Convention,
held in May, 1888, Jlr. Fifer was chosen .as its candi-
date for Governor. He proved a popular nominee,
and the name of ■■ Private Joe " became familiar
to everyone throughout the State. He waged a
vigorous campaign, was elected by a good majority,
and in due time assumed the duties of the Chief
Executive of Illinois.

<s^ i/' •< "V^'n"^

WILL COUNTY,

ILLINOIS.

a»^s^

INTRODUQT^ORY.!^

^^^•0»^S-^

vjHE time has arrived when it
becomes the duty of the
people of this county to per-
petuate the names of their
pioneers, to furnish a record
of their early settlement,
and relate the story of their
progress. The civilization of our
day, the enlightenment of tlie age
and the duty that men of tlie pres-
ent time owe to their ancestors, to
themselves and to their posterity,
demand that a record of their lives
and deeds should be made. In bio-
graphical history is found a power
to instruct man by precedent, to
enliven the mental faculties, and
to waft down the river of time a
safe vessel in which the names and actions of the
people who contributed to raise this country from its
primitive state may be preserved. Surely and rapidly
the great and aged men, who in their ]3rime entered
the wilderness and claimed the virgin soil as their
heritage, are passing to their graves. The number re-
maining who can relate the incidents of tlie first days
of settlement is becoming small indeed, so that an
actual necessity e.xists for tlie collection and preser-
vation of events without delay, before all the early
settlers are cut down by the scythe of Time.

To be forgotten has been the great dread of mankind
from remotest ages. All will be forgotten soon enough,
in spite of their best works and the most e;irnest
efforts of their friends to perserve the memory of
their lives. The means employed to prevent oblivion
and to perpetuate their memory has lieen in propor-
tion to the amount of intelligence they possessed.
Th-i pyramids of Egypt were built to perpetuate the
names and deeds of their great rulers. The exhu-
mations made by the atcheologists of Egypt from
buried Memphis indicate a desire of those people

to perpetuate the memory of their achievements.
The erection of the great obelisks were for the same
purpose. Coming down to a later period, we find the
Greeks and Romans erecting mausoleums and monu-
ments, and carving out statues to chronicle their
great achievements and carry them down the ages.
It is also evident that the Mound-builders, in piling
up their great mounds of earth, had but this idea —
to leave sometliing to show that they had lived. All
these works, tliough many of them costly in the ex-
treme, give but a faint idea of the lives and charac-
ters of those whose memory they were intended to
perpetuate, and scarcely anything of the masses of
the people that then lived. The great pyramids and
some of the obelisks remain objects only of curiosity ;
the mausoleums, monuments and statues are crum-
bling into dust.

It was left to modern ages to establish an intelli-
gent, undecaying, immutable method of perpetuating
a full history — immutable in that it is almost un-
limited in e.xtent and perpetual in its action ; and
this is through the art of printing.

To the present generation, however, we are in-
debted for the introduction of the admirable system
of local biography. By this system every man, though
he has not achieved what the world calls greatness,
has the means to perpetuate his life, his history,
through the coming ages.

The scythe of Time cuts down all ; nothing of the
physical man is left. The monument which his chil-
dren or friends may erect to his memory in the ceme-
tery will crumlile into dust and pass away; but his
life, his achievements, the work he has accomplished,
which otherwise would be forgotten, is perpetuated
by a record of this kind.

To preserve the lineaments of our companions we
engrave their portraits, for the same reason we col-
lect the attainable facts of their history. Nor do we
think it necessary, as we speak only truth of them, to
wait until they are dead, or until those who know
them are gone: to do this we are ashamed only to
publish to the world the history of those whose lives
are unworthy of public record.

^ ^^-..-^y-^^^^^^^/L^^^i^

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

191

^I'DOK FRAN'CLS GOODSPEED.
'•i:\\ The luime of Ju'lge Goodspced
If'^i was for iiKU)3' years ti ffiiiiiliar
one to the people of Will
County, among whom ho en-
tered upon and finished a most
wortliy career. He was born in
Tioga County, Pa., January
25, 1821, and departed this life
at liis home in Joliet, April 10,
1889. In 1847, he became a
resident of this city which
thereafter remained his home
and Willi whose growth and
l)rosperity he was intimately
identified. The subject of tiiis
noliee received tlie ordinary coramon-scbool edu-
cation in his youth, hut he aspired to something
better and before reaching his majority left home
and entered tlie famous Genesee Seminary at Lima,
N. r., where lie spent two years. Then coming
to the West he entered the otTice of the Hon.
Hugh Henderson, a former Circuit Judge, where
lie devoted'his attention to the study of law and
in 1848, was admitted to the bar. Shortly after-
ward he associated liimself with O. H. Haven, in a
partnership which continued until the latter's
death. Subsequently he was in partnership with

the lion. Josiah McRoberts, and lafer with the
Hon. Henry Siiapp and Augustus F. Knox, his
partnerslii[) with the two latter gentlemen con-
tinuing until 187G. The following year upon the
formation of the present judicial circuit he was
first elected to fill the additional seat on the bench
created by this act, and in 1878 was re-elected
for the full term of six ^-ears. In .hine, 1884, on
account of failing health he resigned liis oflice and
thereafter battled with the insidious disease which
finall}' caused his death.

Aside from his regular iir.aetice Judge Good-
.s|)eed was prominent in local affairs, serving as
Mayor of Joliet and occupying other positions of
trust and responsibility. In 1861, he was selected as
delegate to the Constitutional Convention which
met in the city of Springfield and was an active
participant in the deliberations of that body. He
was possessed of strong intellectual powers and was
entirely devoted to his profession, in which he la-
bored to excel. As alaw3er and judge for nearly
forty years he made an enviable record. No man
stood higher in the esteem and confidence of his
fellow-citizens. He was a man of strong convic-
tions and sympathetic nature, conscientious and
truthful; and while he exacted much perhaps from
liis fellow-men, he required from them no more
than he was desirous of bestowing in trust and

192

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

integrity. Apiiit finiu thu literaturu of the law lie
was a great stmlciit of boolvs gtiieruil}-, was a clear
and lucifi writer and used iiis i)en in connection
uitli iiis sword as long as his failing health would
l)eruiil. Politicallv, he was in hearl\' synipathy
with the Democratic parly until IStiO. when lie he-
cauie a Uepiiblican and ever afterward voted and
useil his intinence in behalf of its principles. In all
political organizations ho was i)roniinent and his ac-
tive intinence was never withheld in behalf of those
objects or i)ersons he tirml3' believed to be worthy.
He left behind him when he died a character for
honor, patriotism, generosity and courage which is
not the least prized inheritance of his descendants.

Judge Ooodspeed was first married in 1841), to
Miss Esther Weatberbee, who oidy survived her
wedding one month, llis second wife was Lucre-
tia Knox, to whom he was wedded in 18.') Land
who died in 18(J1. In 1807, he contracted a third
marriage wKh Miss P'rances Henderson, who is still
living. Mrs. Frances ; Henderson) Goodspeed,
was born in Steuben County, N. Y., November 30,
1830, and is the daughter of Dryden and Blaria
(Coe) Henderson, who were natives of Herkimer
Count}', N. Y., and who sjient their last 3ears in
Steuben County, the same State. Their family
consisted of three children. Miss Frances <eceived
a good education and remained a member of the
parental household until her marriage.

Charles F. and Frederick, sons of Judge (lood-
speed, are now living in Joliet. His eldest son,
John C, a )'oung man of mucli promise, fitted him-
self for the medical profession but died in October,
1883. During the many years in which Judge
Goodspeed remained a resident of \Yill County, he
not only witnessed its progress from a compara-
tively unimportant portion of the State to its proud
position as one of the foremost counties of Illinois,
but he aided in its development and his histor}- is
closely interwoven with that of the county. His
portrait, which is presented in connection with this
biographical sketch, represents a man widely known
and honored wherever known. His life was a busj'
one; realizing that, as has been said, '-We have a
whole eternity to rest in" and that the aim of life
is not to merely' "kill time" he right!}' valued every
moment given him, and thus gained a reputation

for promptness in originating plans and dispatch in
executing them. Of this it might well be said that
he was one of those

•Who comprehend their trust and to the same

Keep faithfid with a singleness of aim;

And therefore do not stoop nor lie in wait

For wealth or honor or for worldly state;

Whom they must follow, on whose head must fall.

Like showers of manna, if they come at all."

HKISTOPH 8CH0ENSTEDT, wdio is one of
I the foremost business men of Monee. has
'J been a conspicuous figure in its upbuilding
and is pr<un incut in the management of its public
affairs. Our sidtject is of German origin, born
January 30, 1837, in the village of I'rbacli Thuer-
ingen, near Frfurt, German}-. His parents, Fred
and F^redericke (Wilke) Schoenstedt, were natives
of the same village as himself. They had five
children, namel} : Charles or Karl, Henry, Chris-
toph, Frederick and Dorotliea. Frederick came to
the United States about 18G2 or 1803, remained
with our subject two years, and is now a resident
of Livermore, Cal.; the rest of the family are still
)>ving in German}'.

The subject of this sketch came to this ctuuitry
in 1854, landing in New Y'ork June 28, and the
following August found him in Chicago. The
cholera wasi then prevalent here, and fearing an
attack of that dreaded illness, he took himself to
New IJremen. He had no caiiital with which to
start in business, having, in fact, left New York ^13
in debt, having borrowed that sum of some one to
p.ay his i)assage. He, therefore, sought any em-
ployment by which he could make an honest living,
and for two months he was engaged in mowing, at
§10 a month. After the h.aying season w.as over
he worked six months for *5 a month. At the ex-
piration of that time he went to Blue Island to
learn the trade of a wagon-maker, receiving for
payment 6*50 the first year, §75 the second year,
and -i^llO the third year. He had considerable tal-
ent for music which had been carefully cultivated
in Germany, and here he was enabled to earn quite
a sum of money [ilaying on a clarionet. After he

PORTRAIT AND KIOGKAPHICAL ALBUM.

193

liad acquired a thorough knowledge of his trade he
went to work on his own account, coming to Mo-
nee in March, 1859, and opening a shop here, en-
gaged in the manufacture of wagons tlie ensuing
fifteen years. He then estalilislied himself, in
April, in the implement business, which he carried
on until February 1, 1890, meeting with more than
ordinary success, and deriving a handsome income
from the |)rofits. Coming to this country without
means, his stalwart, vigorous manhood, clear brain
and skillful hand being his only capital, he has se-
cured wealth, and is one of the richest men in this
part of the count}'. He is the owner of four hun-
dred and sixt3'-eight acres of laud, thiee business
buildings and good residence property in this city,
besides owning valuable realty in Chicago. To the
lady who presides over his attractive home he was
united in marriage March 5, 1859. Her maiden
name was Louise Gantz, and she was born in the
Province of Saxony, Germany, Hay 17, 1839. She
was a daughter of Lawrence and Sophie Gantz. Li
l.'^S.'l they came to the United States and first set-
lied at New Bremen, near Chicago, whore he
IxiUght a farm, on wliich they resided the rest of
their da^s, his death occurring in 1880, and his
wife's in 1882. They had four daughters — Mary,
Louise, Caroline and Rafine, all of whom are mar-
ried and have families. <Jur subject and his wife
have seven children, namel}': Fred; Anna, wife of
Louis Bischmann; Rudolph, who died at the age
of six months; Leoi)old; August; Louise, who died
at the age of twelve years; and Otto.

Although not one of the earliest settlers, Mr.
Schoenstedt maj^ justly be reganled .as one of the
pioneers of this count}-, which owes much to his
untiring labor. His name will always be indisso-
lubly linked with that of Monee, as partlj- by his
influence it has attained its present position as one
of the leading towns in this section of the State;
he has ever been active in extending its com-
mercial and business interests, has contributed
generously to all schemes that would enhance its
material jirosperit}-, and he h,as its educational, re-
ligious and social interests at heart. A man of
such vigorous mind, such unerring sagacity and
keen vision cannot well avoid accepting public
office at the call of his fellow-men. when it seems

his imperative duty as a loyal citizen to do so, and
hence, while having the care of an extensive busi-
ness .and a large property, Mr. Schoenstedt has
found time to take a part in the administration of
of local affairs, and has served as Village Trustee
eight years. In politics his views coincide with the
principles promulgated by the Republican party.
Religiously, our subject and his estimable wife are
members in high standing of the United Presbyte-
rian Church, activel}' assisting in the good work
carried on by their pastor and fellow-members.

■if OSEPH E. GOUGAR. This is one of the
most worthy representatives of the well-
known Gougar family, who have since the
l^g/' pioneer days been closely identified with
the interes's of New Lenox Township. The father
of hini of whom we write was the late William
Gougar, who with others of the family is written
of on other p.ages of this volume. They hate
uniformly followed agricultural pursuits, and have
obtained the reputation of being the most thor-
ough and skillful agriculturists, as well as being
numbered among the leading business men of
Will County.

The subject of this notice was the 3'oungest child
of his parents, and was born at the old homestead
iu New Lenox Township, March 21, 1834. He
spent his bo}'hood and youth at the farm, becom-
ing familiar with the various employments of
rural life, and pursuing his early studies in the
district school. Later he was a student one year
at Beloit (Wis.) College, and also pursued his
studies for the same length of time in the State
University at Madison. His education was com-
pleted in T. J. Sloan's Commercial College at Chi-
cago, from which he was duly graduated. This
last-named institution was instituted and conducted
b}' Col. T. J. Sloan, who during the Civil War
commanded the One Hundred and Tweutj'-fourth
Illinois Infantry.

For eight months after leaving college Mr. Gou-
gar was employed as book-keeper for the firm of
Reynolds & Willis in Chicago. With that excep-

194

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

lion lie lias siu'iil tlic most of his life in his native
township. Duiiny: Ihe Civil War he was an active
Union man, and raised two companies of troops,
tliese being assigned lo the One Hundred and
Twenty-fourth Illinois Infantry. He also visited
the South, and relieved the wants of many of his
old friends whom he found in need.

For three years Mr. Gougar bought grain at the
village of New Lenox, and operated the warehouse
at that point. For nearly one year he taught
school in the township. Afterward he turned his
attention tu farniiiig, in which he has since been
engaged. He is the owner of one hundred and
sixtj' acres of choice land, upon which he has
made good im|)rovements, including a fine set of
buildings, besides planting fruit and shade trees,
building substanti.'d fences and gathering together
all the necessary machinery for the successful pro-
secution of agriculture. There is an air of thrift
and prosperity about the place, which invariably
attracts the eye of the passing traveler, and is in-
dicative of the progressive si)irit and industry of
the proprietor.

Mr. Gougar remained a bachelor until thirty
years of age, and on the 24th of November, 1864,
was joined in wedlock with Miss Ilattie Perkins,
the ceremony taking place at the bride's home in
Minooka, Grundy' County, this State, ilrs. Gou-
gar is the only daughter of her parents, William
and Elizabeth (VanDalson) I'erkins, and was born
in Grundy County, December 28, 1841. She was
carefull}' trained and educated, and for some time
prior to her marriage followed the profession of a
teacher. Her father, the late William Perkins,
was one of the pioneer settlers of Grundy County,
and departed this life at his home June 17, 1887.
He was a man of more than ordinary intelligence,
liberal and progressive in his ideas, and when his
children vvere of suitable 3'ears removed from his
farm to Joliet for the |)urpose of giving them the
education he desired them to have. This accom-
plished, he returned to the old homestead.

To Mr. and Mrs. Perkins was born a family of
three children, two sons and one daughter. The
eldest son, Van Dalson Perkins, was a non com-
missioned officer, serving in the late Civil War,
and met his death on the battlefield of Chieka-

mauga. The other son, Charles E., is farming in
Kendall Count}', this State. Mr. and ]\Irs. Gou-
gar are the parents of six children, two of whom —
pjlla and Florence — died at the ages respectively
of three years and^sixteen months. The survivors
are: Charles^P., Ilattie M., Harlow W. and Eva A.
Mr. Gougar since early manhood has taken an
active part in local politics, and is a stanch sup-
porter of the Democratic party. For the past
eighteen years he has been connected with the
School Board of his district, has held the office of
Township Assessor four 3'ears, and Collector one
yeor. IJoth he and his estimable wife are promi-
nently connected with the Episcopal Church, at-
tending services' at New Lenox. The}' have one
of the most pleasant homes in the county, and
occupy a high position in the social circles of
their community.

^$^.3m^^^ —

*)RliEMAN A. MASON. No visitor to Joliet
,'#(/S\\ would long be in ignorance of the name
^\i^^ and estate of the gentleman above named,
as his home is that of an ideal farmer. The splen-
did place is situated on the Boulevard and is sup-
l)lied with all the modern conveniences in the resi-
dence and outer premises. IMr. Mason spends his
time in looking after his flocks and herds, taking
great delight in the line sheep and cattle that graze
upon his fertile (ields. After an active business
career of years during which he gained a fine rep-
utation for honorable dealing, enterprise and zeal,
he has become the possessor of means which enable
him to indulge his tastes and take the ease he
desires.

A history of the lives of Daniel and Hannah
Mason, parent;, of the subject of this sketch, is in-
corporated in this volume. The son w:is born in
New Hartford, N. Y., March 14, 1846, and at-
tended the schools in Utica, completing his educa-
tion begun in the public schools by studyiiTg at
Whitestown Seminar}' in the same city. His years
until 1866, were spent in the East, and leaving
his native i)lace at that date, became to Chicago,
111. Entering the employ of the Chicago & Alton

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

195

railroad, he worked for that road a few months
returning to the Empire State in the fall of 1867,
and engaged in the wholesale paper and stationery
business.

In 18G9, Mr. Mason disposed of the business and
began dealing in lumber, sash, doors and blinds,
doing both a wholesale and retail trade in com-
pan3' with F. W. Plant undei- the style and title
of JNIason A Plant. In 18H1, Mr. Masun dis-
posed of iiis interest and again coming west em-
barked in the same business at the Michigan Cen-
tral cut-off in Joliet, continuing in the trade until
May, 1889, when he sold out lo Wilcox Brothers.
Mr. Mason also owns a lumber business in Plain-
lield of which Albert R. Caton is manager.

In 1872 the rites of wedlock were celebrated
between Mr. Mason and Miss Hannah E. Caton
whose family is represented elsewhere in this vol-
ume. Under the efficient care of Mrs. Mason, the
dwelling to which friends are so cordially wel-
comed presents the appearance of order and refine-
ment so attractive to family and guests, and all
«ho enter are charmed by the gracious manners of
the hostess. The union of ilr. and Mrs. Mason
lias been blessed by the birth of the following
named children: Cornelia, who was born in i 873 ;
William Caton, in 1875: Marie, in 1878, and who
(lied in 1880; Bessie, born iu 1880, died in 1881;
TrueCaton.horn in 1 887, died March 26, 1888. Mr.
Mason's family' belongs to the Presbyterian Church
at Joliet.

<S^ DWY C. OGDEK, M. D. The medical pro-
L^ fession of this county includes the names
jf--'--^' ' of many skillful and successful practioners
among whom may be [iroperly mentioned he with
whose name we introduce this biographical record,
lie located in Joliet in 1879, and in a short time
fully established himself in the confidence and es-
teem of the people, both as a ph3'siciau and sur-
geon and as a member of the community. He is
essentially a Western man with western interests,
his native place being Fond du Lac, Wis. and the
date of his l)irth May 25, 1859.

The' subject of this sketch is the son of Dr. M.
B. Ogdeu, an eminent physician and a native of
Cooksville, Province of Ontario, C'anada,who there
grew to man"s estate and with his brother, Dr.
Edwy J. Ogdeu, read medicine and took his first
course of lectures at Victoria College, Toronto. For
some 3-ears he followed the methods of the regular
school and then removing to Fond du Lac, Wis.,
adopted the Homeopathic system to which he ad-
hered subsequently. In 1864-65, he attended lec-
tures at Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago,
then in August, 18G6, removed to Joliet, where he
resumed his practice which he continued up to the
time of his death. This event occurred September
6, 1884. He was cut down in the prime of life
having been born in 1838. He was one of the ear-
liest Homeopaths in this section of the country
and enjoyed a large and lucrative practice. Dr.
Ogden has two uncles in Chicago and a large num-
ber of cousins, members of the medical profession.
As he remarks, this seems to be "a family failing."
The father was a member in good standing of
the Episcopal Church, and in politics, voted the
Republican ticket. His wife had preceded him to
the silent land, her death taking place Marcli 8,
1879. •

Dr. E. C. Ogden was the onl^' child of his [lar-
ents and spent his boyhood and youth in Jol-
iet where he pursued his first studies in the
eity schools. He finished his literary education
at the Chicago University and began the reading
of medicine with his father, who proved a most
thorough and slife instructor. He first attended
lectures during the winter of 1877-78 in Hahne-
mann Medical College and February 27, 1879, he
graduated and practiced with his father until the
latter's death. He then continued the practice
and has thus formed an extended acquaintance
tiiroughout the county, receiving the patrojiage of
its best people. He has been a close student and
an extensive reader and keeps himself thoroughly
posted upon modern methods of treatment. He
belongs to the State Medical Association and is
President of the Patriotic Order Sons of America.
The marriage of Dr. Ogden and Miss Hettie A.
White of Joliet was celebrated at the bride's home
September 28, 1882. Mrs. Ogden was born in

196

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Spartansburg, Pa. and is llie daughter of Edward
D. and Margaret E. Wliite who came tu this
county in 1875. Her father is now living in
Joliet, her mother is deceased. Of tliis union there
has been born one child, a son Arthur W., Decem-
ber 13, 1884. Tlie Doctor and his estimable lady
stand high in social ciicles and their pleasant home
is the frequent resort of the cultured pfe0i)le of this
city. Politically, the Doctor is a Republican.

LONZO B. BROOKS. This veteran of
eighty-one 3ears and his estimable [jartiier
I i are familiarly known to a large portion of
the residents of Homer Township, where
they have sojourned many years, and by their
sterling worth have drawn around them man)'
friends. The}' are passing their declining days
(juielly and comfortably at their snug homestead
on section 10, with the satisfaction of having per-
formed life's duties well .as far as in them lay,
making for themselves a good record and one of
wliiih their children will never be ashamed. ]Mr.
Hrooks has for some time bcenalHicted with failing
eyesight, but bears the disi)ensation of Providence
in a philosophical manner, and still is enabled to
liud much that is good in life.

Tlie subject of this notice was born February 14,
180'J, in Otego Township, Otsego County, N. Y.,
and went with his parents to Delaware County,
that State, when a lad of about six years. He
lived there with his parents until liS2G, and then
the family removed to Hamburg, Erie County,
where the parents lived until 1836, when they
came to Illinois.

In due time Mr. Brooks returned to Delaware
Count}', and was married to Miss Alice, daughter
of Joseph and Sarah Edmonds. They, settled
in Hamburg, Erie County, where the}' resided
until the following spring, then Mr. Brooks n^tnrn-
ing to Otsego County, occupied himself as a mill-
wright. Afterward he removed to Erie County,
of which he was a resident until 1837. In June of
that year he came to this State. He was then joined
ny his wife, who was only permitted to remain

with him a short time thereafter, her death taking
place October 14, 1837, in Lockport Township.
Of this union there was born one child, a son,
Joseph E., who is now a resident of Lockp'ort.

Mr. Brooks contracted a second marriage in
August, 1838, in Homer Township, to Miss Jane
Weaver. This lady was born in Washington
County, N. Y., January 21, 1807. After marriage
Mr. Brooks remained in Lockport for a short time,
then in the spring of 183'J settled on his present
farm. This comprises eighty acres of good land,
which under his careful man.ageraent is in a highly
productive condition, and is the source of a com-
fortable income. Of this marriage of our subject
there have been born Ave children, only one of
whom is living, a son. Sterling A. The latter was
married in Northport, Mich., to Miss Emily Cor-
nell, and is living with our subject.

The father of our subject was Benjamin Brooks,
who died about 1SG5, at the home of his son,
Alonzo B., with whom he had lived for eleven
years. The mother, who bore tiie maiden name of
Anna Warner, died in Crete Township about 1838.
Our subject has held the office of Assessor and
Justice of the Peace for many }'ears. He officiated
as Highwaj' Commissioner several terms, and in
politics is a firm supporter of Republican princi-
ples. He and his estimable wife are consistent
members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, as
was also the first Mrs. Brooks.

-€-*-^-

^^ HARLES HERTZOG. The life of this
(I gentleman jn-esents a record of arduous

^^^ labor which is perhaps not exceeded in that
of any other resident of the count}'. He has now
retired from active work, feeling the weight of
seventy-five years and the toil wliich he endured.
A twenty-acre tr.act of land with a pretty cottage
upon it is the home of himself and wife, and his
farm of one hundred and sixty acres on section 17,
Kankakee County, is rented to his son. He also
owns forty acres of land on section 22, in this
township, a part of wliich he uses for pasture, the
rest being rented out.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

197

Grandfallier Ilertzog came from Alsace to
America man3' years ago, being sold for his pas-
sage. He seUlcd in Pennsylvania, wbere his son,
George, the fatlier of our subject, was liorn. The
latter married Catherine loh, a native of tiic same
•State, whose father bad served dining the entire
Revolutionary struggle, spent the memorable win-
ter with Washington at ^'alley Forge, and walked
barefooted on the snow and ice, leaving tracks uf
blood to mark his way. He hated a Hessian sol-
dier with all tlie strength of his being.

Charles Hertzog, of this notice, was born in the
Keystone State September 5, 1815, and had such
limited educational privileges that bis schooling
war, not more that a year all told. When sixteen
years old be was bound out to learn the shoemaker's
trade, at which be serTed four years and eight
months, receiving only his board and clothes,
altlnugb during baying and harvesting be worked
for farmers and his master took the pay. The
youth had very hard treatment during the years of
his apprenticeship.

After learning bis trade 3'oung Hertzog went to
rottsville, where for a short time be was eug.iged
in journey work, after which he became a laborer
• in the coal mines for several years. In the inter-
vals of mining he worked at other occupations,
some of bis labor in Pennsylvania bringing him
the wages of fifty cents per day, from which be
was ol)liged to board himself. He labored in saw-
mills and also followed the river a while.

On September 1 1, 1836, Mr. Hertzog was united
in marriage with Miss Abigail Fiddler, a native of
the Keystone State, in which they continued to
reside until 1H50. They then came to Illinois,
making Iheir home in Napierville, a few iiKjntbs
after which they removed to Kankakee County,
then a part of Will County. Mr. Hertzog bought
one bnndred acres of prairie land, twenty acres of
which bad been broken, and opened up a good
farm. He was almost empty-banded when be lo-
located upon the place and he had a bard time to
get along, but stubborn perseverance finally con-
(jiiered. He remained upon the farm until his
home was burned out, when he spent a short time
in Kankakee, returning to his farm, from which
be removed to Will County several years since.

The first vote of Mv. Hertzog was cast for Mar-
tin ^'anBnren. Since then he has been a Whig
and a Republican of conservative views. While in
Kankakee Township be served as Director of the
School Board and as Overseer of Highways. Dur-
ing his residence in Pennsylvania he was a member
of the Sons of Temperance. He is the father of
eleven children, of whom the following survive:
Charles Wesley, Mrs. Henrietta Nicolai, Mrs. Ellen
Fisher, Henry H., James N., and Mrs. Martha
Fleming. He lost one son during the Civil War,
at which time Charles Wesley and William F. be-
longed to the Thirty-ninth Illinois, Yates Phalanx.
The first-mentioned returned to bis home at the
close of the war, but William was killed June 18,
18Gi.

S^, HARLES W. SOLLPIT. Tlie SuUitt home-
stead, now occupied by this gentleman,
comprises one hundred and sixty acres on
section 30, Washington Township, which is well
adnpted for general firming and the feeding of
stock. For the past nine j'ears Mr. Sollitt has
been much interested in the Hereford breed of
cattle and has made a specialty of raising them.
At present be has a herd of thirty, at the bead of
which is the noble animal. Justice, whose registered
number is 10240.

For some thirteen years Mr. Sollitt has had the
liersonal control of the homestead, oii which be has
lived since 1861, at which time the parents came
here on account of the failing health of the wife
and mother. He was born in Chicago, July 18,
1854, but grew to manhood in the township he
now calls home. His education was finished at the
University of Notre Dame in South Bend, Ind.,
and he chose as bis vocation in life the peaceful
pursuit of a farmer. In this work he has been
fairly successful, and by bard work and earnest
zeal for bis pursuit has attained a good rank
among the agriculturists of the vicinit3^

The father of our subject is an old resident of
Chicago, where be has man^' friends, and is held
in excellent repute as a former builder, of integrity
and reliability, lie has become well-to-do, owning

198

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

inucL real estate in the city, aud now lives a re-
tired life at No. 519, Jaclcson Boulevard. He was
bom in Yorksliire, England, and is tlie son of a
nieclianic, who died there in the prime of life.
The ancestors for several generations had been
born in the mother coiintr}', but the remote pro-
genitors were natives of France, whence they
went 1o England during the Huguent>t troubles
prior to the date of the American Revolution.

John SoUitt was taught the trade of a wheel-
wright, and followed the same in the laud of his
birth until about 1836. He had married Miss
Mar}- Truitt, of his own shire, and to them had
been born two children prior to their removal to
i^merica. Thej' settled in Kingston, Canada,
where Mr. Sollitt engaged as a builder, leaving
that city for the United States after a sojourn of
two years. He located in what was then a small
village, but has now grown to be the second city
in the United States and a power in commercial
circles.

It is worthy of note that Mr. Sollitt was a poor
man with a wife and three children to support and
but ^5 he could call his own when he reached Chi-
cago. The first work he obtained tvas the con-
struction of a stage curtain roller for the first
theatre built in the city, and this job, although a
small and simple one, secured him further work
b}' its good execution. After he had gotten a
start as a builder. Mr. Sollitt became a partner of
Peck it Updike, and ere long was prominently re-
cognized in his business. He built the first court-
house in Cook Count}'.

The wife of Mr. Sollitt dietl of the cholera, July
18, 1850, in the prime of life, leaving a family of
small children without a mother's care. The hus-
band contracted a second matrimonial alliance in
Racine, Wis., choosing Mrs. Annie AVilson, nee
Rountree, as his com])anion. This ladj' was born
in Countj' Durham, England, and was there mar-
ried to Samuel Wilson, an Englishman. Thej'
came to the United States, locating in Buffalo,
where Mv. Wilson died of the cholera. His widow
afterward came AVest to Wisconsin, and after her
marriage to Mr. Sollitt resided in Chicago until
her health failed and the}' bought propert}' for a
country home in Will Count}-. This farm, now

owned and operated by our subject, was the par-
enfal home until the death of the mother in 1871,
wlieu she ,was about fifty years old. She had
borne her last huslxand two children — our subject
and a sister, Blanche, now Jlrs. Board, who resi(ies
in Oak Park, a part of Chicsgo.

John Sollitt was again married, the ceremony
taking place in Racine County, Wis. The bride
was Miss Ann Blackburn, also a native of England.
She had come to this country when a young lady,
and since her marriage, with the exception of the
first two years, has lived in Chicago. Mr. Sollitt
is a member of the Old Settlers' Society of that
city.

Charles W. Sollitt won as his companion in life
Miss Clara Marsh, an educated and refined woman
who was born in Crete, January 13, 1858. Slie
was reared and educated in this and Cook Coun-
ties, and was engaged in teaching for some time
prior to her marriage. The wedding rites were
celebrated at the bride's home in Matteson, Cook
County, Jlarch 23, 1877. Her parents, Edwin and
Mary (Frank) Marsh, are now living in Chicago
rather retired, although they still own an interest
in a ranch in Russell County, Kan.

Mr. and Mrs. Sollitt, of this r.otice, have had
three children — Anna died at the age of three
years; Leslie and John still live to gladden their
parents hearts by their intelligence and affection.
Mr. Sollitt is a Republican, and stanch in the faith.
He and his gooil wife attend the Congregational
Church at Beecher. They are respected and es-
teemed by their fellow-citizens as their merits de-
mand.

^lOUN BEDFORD, deceased, was a worthy
member of the farming community of
Plainfleld Township, and during his busy
career lie was active iu advancing its ma
terial interests, and we are pleased to be able to
place this brief outline of his life on the pages of
this volume. A native of Lincolnshire, Engl.ind,
he was born September 28, 1828, his father, bear-
ing the same name, also being a native of England,
and was there bred to farming pursuits and spent

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

199

Lis entire life on liis native soil. Our subject was
reared to an agricultural life, and resided in the
laud of his birth until 1852. Then in the prime
of a vigorous, self-reliant manliood, lie set out for
the New World, trying to see what life iield for
him in this land of promise, embarking at Liver-
pool in the montli of Marcii on the sailing-vessel
"Lady Ash burton." He landed in New York and
came directly to Illinois, where he tiiouglit lie
would be most likel}- to prosper as a farmer. lie
found employment on a farm in AVill County, and
was engaged there for some lime. In ISSS he re-
turned to his old home, and in the same j'ear was
married to Miss Ann Foulston, a native of Lin-
colnshire, England. Her father, John Foulston, \
was born in Nottinghamshire, his father, of the
same name, being a native of the same shire, where
he carried on farming until his deatli. Mrs. Bed-
ford's father was reared on a farm and followed
agricultural pursuits, spending his entire life in
the land of his birth. The maiden name of his
wife was Elizabeth Nicholson. They were the
parents of eleven children, four of whom came to
America — George, now deceased, resided in Illi-
nois some years; James lived in Canada some
years, spending the latter part of his life in Mani-
toba; Francis came to Illinois and has since died;
Charles lives in this county.

In March, 1856, our subject again set sail for
America, embarking on the vessel "Neptune,"
accompanied by his young bride, whom he was
bringing with him to assist in the upbuilding of a
home in hi? adopted country. Six weeks later
they landed in New York, and came to Illinois
and located at Lockport. Our subject was there
engaged as an engineer, running a stationary en-
gine for a few years. He then resumed the occu-
pation to which he had been bred. In 1876 he
bought the farm where his family now resides.
This contains uinetj'-two acres of finelj^-cultivated
land, provided with substantial buildings and
every necessary improvement. It is very fertile,
and is finely located four miles from Plainfield
and eight miles from Joliet.

Ere he had attained to old age, and while it
seemed as though he had many j'ears of usefulness
before him, his honorable career was cut short by

his untimely death, March 28, 1880. A man of
stei-ling integrity, whose ever}' day life bore testi-
mony to the inherent uprightness of his character,
by his demise the township lost one of its most
respected and trustworthy citizens; his family a
good husband and faithful father, who was always
kind and considerate, and his neighbors, one who
was always helpful In his relations with them.
He deserved the prosiierily that followed his work,
as he labored conscientiously and perseveringly,
and exercised sound judgment and ilue discretion
in all his dealings. In his wife, who survives him,
he alwaj's found a faithful and ready assistant,
one to whose aid he was greatlj' indebted for the
coziness and comfort of a good home. To them
were born four children — Albert F., who lives
with his mother; Walter S., who resides in Joliet;
Lizzie J., who is in St. Louis; and Sarah J. at
home. The family occupies a good social position,
and all are attendants at the Episcopal Church.

<||OSEPH F. LEISING, dealer in grain, lum-
ber and live stock, established himself in
business at Goodcnow in 1877, and has con-
ducted an extensive and successful business.
He was formerly a book-keeper with the Crete
Manufacturing Company-, and possessing business
talents of a high o'der, has naturally made steady
progress until he is now numbered among the most
reliable men of his town. He was born in the
Province of Westphalen. Germany, December 4,
1845, and lived there until a j'oung man of twenty-
four years, coming in 1869 to America. During
his residence of twenty years in his adopted coun-
try, he has become thoroughly adapted to her in-
stitutions which find in him one of their warmest
defenders.

The father of our subject was Henry Leising,
also a native of Westphalen, who spent his entire
life in his native land, engaged in farming pursuits.
He had served his country as a soldier and was a
reliable and substantial citizen, and one who en-
joyed in a marked degree the esteem of all who
knew him. He was fifty-six years old at the

200

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

time of his death; he was married in early man-
hood to a maiden of iiis own province. Miss
Elizabetli Scnger, who survived her husband a
number of j'ears. living to be quite aged. Both
were members of the German Catholic Church.
There had been born to them two sons and three
daughters of whom .Joseph F. of this sketch was
the eldest, and he w.as the only one who came to
the United States. His two sisters are still residents
of Westphalen one of them being married.

Mr. Leising in accordance with the laws and
custonis of his native country was placed in school
at an early age and received a thorough educa-
tion, becoming familiar with tlie French and Latin
languages. He commenced his business career as
a clerk and was tlius occupied for nine years in
liis native province. Not being satisBod however,
with his condition or his jirospects, he decided
upon seeking the New World and in the summer
iif 186!) repaired to the i)ort of Bremerhaven .and
look |).assage on a steamer bound for New York
( ity. Arriving safely at his destination he at
(^n< e set out for Chicago, but not long afterward
came to Crete Township, where he soon found
employment as a clerk and book-keeper and by
his faithfulness and attention to his duties gained
the goodwill of his employers and the esteem of
all who knew him.

Mr. Leising w.as married at Crete to Miss Eliza,
daughter of Andrew 8chwendemann. The latter
was a native of Bavaria and was married in the
Grand Ducliy of Mechlenburg to Miss Elizabeth
.Miller. Later they emigrated to the United States,
settling in Buffalo, N. Y., where the father con-
ducted a hardware store for a number of j'ears
and died at the age of fifty-three. The mother
and daughter then came to Illinois, locaiiug in
Crete Township where they lived until the mar-
riage of the latter. The mother then returned to
Buflfalo where she is now living with one of her
daughters. Although sixty years of age she. is
bright and active.

ills. I.icising was born in Buffalo, N. Y., August
31, 1856, and was one of a familj- comprising two
sons and two daughters, all of whom are living.
She was subjected to careful parental training and
after her fallier's death remained with her mother

until her marriage, obtaining her education in the
common schools. Of her union with our subject
there have been born five children, viz: Henrietta
M. died aged eleven months; those living are:
Ida S.. Ella C, Leo A. H. and Augusta. Mr.
Leising, politicallj'. is decidedly in favor of the
Democratic part}' and has served as Township
Clerk, besides holding other minor offices. He is
prompt to meet his obligations, a square man in
his business transactions and looked upon in all
respects as a representative citizen.

-t^

son.

.\MUEL G. NELSON, Supervisor and
Justice of the Peace of Milton Township,
is a native of Randolph Count}-, lud., and
a son of .John and Elizabeth (Gray) Nel-
His father was of Scotch-Irish descent, and
was reared in Huntingdon County, Pa., he later
removing to Kentucky and from there to Ohio.
His next removal was to Randolph County. Ind..
whence he went to Montgomery C'ounty, m;iking
his home on a farm four miles west of Crawfords-
ville. He represented his county in the Indiana
Legislatur-, and at one time nia<le a strong race
for the State Senate from that district, but was
defeated. In 1848 he came to Will County. 111.^
where he died in 1851 at the resi<1cnce of our sub-
ject. His life work was that of farming, and his
labors were successful. During the War of 1812
he served in the American army. In politics he
was a Democrat, and in religion a member of the
Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church. He
was an own uncle of Sen.ator Joseph E. McDonald,
of the Hoosier State. His wife was born near
Wheeling, W.'N'a., and died in this county in
1852.

The parental family consisted of the following-
named children: McDonald. Esther, AVilliam T.,
Elizabeth, Sarah, Nancy, Samuel G., Mary and
Daniel M. The only survivors of this household
band are: William T., Samuel G. and Daniel M.
He of whom we write was horn Miiy 8. 1827, and
passed his early life on the farm in Montgomery
County. Ind., receiving his education in the com-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

201

mon schools, under the instruction of Joseph E.
McDonald, later one of Indiana's prominent legis-
lators. When about of age young Nelson came
to Illinois, settling on the farm where he yet lives.
lie owns one hundred acres of land on section 3,
his residence being in the village of Wallingford.
Every dollar that he possesses has been made by
his own exertions and in farming, wliich has been
his life work.

In 1862 Mr. Nelson joined the Union Army as
a private in Company H, One Hundredth Illinois
Infantr}', but was soon elected First-Lieutenant of
his company. In November, 18G3, he was pro-
moted to the Capitancy, and subsequentlj- to the
rank of Jl.ijor, in wiiich he finished las service.
After the close of the war he was mustered out,
.June 12, 18(35, at Iluntsville, Ala., and at Chicago,
III., w.as discharged July 1. During his campaign
life Maj. Nelson bore a part in the famous battles
of Stone River, Cbattannoga, Mission Ridge and
other conflicts of less prominence yet no less dan-
gerous to those who particijiated. Among these
were the engagements at Nashville, Franklin, and
the minor affra>s of the (Georgia campaign as far
south as Jonesville. .Vt Mission Ridge he was
wounded in the left hip by a minie ball.

The first marriage of Mr. Nelson was celebrated
al the home of the bride in Wilton Township.
Mrs. Abigail (Meacham) Nelson was born in
Oneida County, N. Y., in 1830, and died August
29, 1855. She left one daughter, Elizabeth H.,
born September 24, 1854. On December 12, 1878,
this daughter became the wife of Alexander Price,
who died November 1, 1879. They had one son,
Herbert A., who with his widowed mother now
lives with our subject.

Mr. Nelson contracted a second matrimonial
alliance May 1, 1856, choosing for his companion
Miss Sarah A. Thomas, of Cook County. This
lad}' was born in Florence Township, Oneida
County, N.Y.. in 1837, and died April 19,1877.
This marriage was blessed by the birth of six chil-
dren, whose record is as follows: Celia J., who
was born July 1, 1857, married William II. War-
ren, a farmer of Wilton Tov.'nship, and has four
children — Minnie, Celia, Ella and Walter; Will-
iam T. was born May 21, 1859, and was killed by

the kick of a horse August 24, 1873; Sarah E.
was born October 28, J 8fil, and died August 30,
1881 ; Mary M., born October 8, 1866, is the wife
of Anthony F. Dennis, a farmer in Peotone Town-
siiii), and has one daughter. Elsie M. James M.
was born January 1, 1872, and Laura B., Novem-
ber 29, 1875.

For eighteen years Mr. Nelson has held the
official station of Justice of the Peace, and is serv-
ing his sixteenth ^^ear as Township Supervisor.
Ho takes daily and weekly papers ifi sufflcient
numbers to keep himself tlioroughly informed in
the progress of mankind and the news of the day.
and is much better read and more intelligent than
most men. His home is one in which both friends
and strangers are sure of a cordial welcome and
the best of entertainment he can give; while to
enterprises of genuine worth he is a liberal con-
tributor. Although not connected with an}' relig-
ious organization, he believes in and supports
them. He has always l)een a Democrat and taken
an active interest in parly affairs. He belongs to
the Independent Order of Odd Fellows.

**-, AVID S. STEPHEN. This gentleman occu-
pies a prominent position among the busi-
ness men of Frankfort Station, being
proprietor of the Frankfort machine shop, a dealer
in engines, machines, pumps, pipes, etc., and also
occupying the official station of .Tustice of the
Peace. He is a son of Joseph and Jane (Garden)
Stephen, both of whom were born in Aberdeen-
shire, Scotland. Joseph Stephen studied for the
ministrj', and during his college life was a class-
mate of the famous Lord Byron. He began his
ministerial labors in his native shire, as pastor of a
Baptist Church, abandoning his field of labor there
in 1843, when he crossed the Atlantic and located
in Canada. There he engaged as clerk for a Mr.
Barnet, a contractor on the Welland Canal.

After sojourning iu the Dominion a j'ear, Mr.
Stephen came to the United States, accompanying
his employer to Lockport, this county, where he
died not long after. The disease which caused his
death was bilious fever, and ho was then sixty-

202

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

three years old. He was an ardent Abolitionist,
preaching the doctrine from the pulpit and writing
upon the question of slavery for the public press.
During his boyhood be had become proficient as
a mechanic, having inherited a taste for handicraft
from his father, William Stephen, a native of Wales,
and a piacUcal mechanic, who had served for a
time in the English army.

After the death of her first husiiand, Mrs. Jane
Stephen became the wife of James Logan, and
they are living at Frankfort St.-ition. Bj^ her
first union she became the mother of five children,
viz.: Jane, Mrs. Bruce, who died in Lockport
Township; David S., our subject; E. C, who is
running a planing, saw and feed mill, and manu-
facturing general wood work in Frankfort; Jo-
seph S., a machinist in Chicago; George W., who
died when eleven years old. Joseph S. served in
the Twentieth Illinois Infantry three months, and
re-enlisted in another regiment, serving until dis-
charged on account of ph3-sical disabilitj'. When
sutliciently recovered he enlisted ag.ain, continuing
to act in defense of his country until honorablj'
discharged at the close of the war. The second
union of the mother of our subject was blest by
the birth of one chihl, William H. Logan, now con-
stable in Frankfort.

The birthplace of the gentleman whose name
stands at the head of this sketch was St: Fergus,
Aberdeenshire, Scotland, and his natal daj- March
14, 1836. Until he was five years old he was
reared in his native village, and lie then went to
live with his grandfather at Almouth. where he re-
mained until his parents removed to America,
when he accompanied them hither. He traveled
by steam to Edinburg, thence b}- rail to Glasgow,
where the family embarked on the "Naverina."
After a tedious voyage of ten weeks, landing was
made in New York Cit}% whence they went to St.
Catharines, Canada, and then to Thorwald. seven
miles from Niagara Falls, whose roar they could
distinetl3' hear.

The removal to Illinois was made bj' a steamer
to Chicago, which was then but a village, and bj-
team to Lockport. A home was made on the Bar-
net farm, in the township of Homer, and the lad
began his attendance at the common schools.

Previous to this time he had been instructed en-
tirel3' by his parents, and he was able to begin his
school life in the Third Reader class. The In-
dians had left this region not long before and the
country was an almost unbroken prairie, neigh-
bors were few and far between, and all the sur-
roundings were of a primitive nature. Some four
or five years later he of whom we write, and his
brother. E. C, walked to Frankfort Township,
where their stepfather bouglit a farm, on which
our subject lived until his eighteenth birthday.

During his early j-ears David Stephen was occn-
|)ic<l in farm i)ursuits, but when eighteen he began
working as a millwright and carpenter finding em-
ployment in Jolict and Lockport. He also en-
gaged somewhat in jobbing and repairing, all
handicraft coming naturally to him as an inherit-
ance from his mechanical ancestors. Not only had
his father and grandfather Stephen been excellent
mechanics, but his grandfather Garden was also a
fine workman as a millwright and plowwright, and
the efficient proprietor of a general implement shop
in Aberdeenshire. Young Stephen drilled during
the late war and volunteered, but was rejected by
the examining physician.

In 1863 our subject and his brother, E. C,
opened a machine and repair shop in Frankfort,
the connection continuing three years, after which
the older brother retired, and spent three years in
Kalamazoo County, Mich. In 1 874 the partner-
ship was resumed, and the firm of D. S. <fe E. C.
Stephen built a machine shop, feed mill, sawmill
and other edi;':ces, continuing in partnership until
1881), when the connection w.is again dissolved.
Since that time our subject has been carrying on
his present business, having a fine set of machinery
for working iron, and doing a large trade in re-
pairing engines and other machines, and manufac-
turing a double-force pump of the Stephen Bros',
invention. He has manifested an unusual degree
of enterprise, and has a reputation for mechanical
skill which is unexcelled.

At the home of the bride in Frankfort, in Novem-
ber, 1867, the rites of wedlock were celebrated be-
tween Mr. Stephen and Addie C. Bathrlck. The
bride was born in Ashtabula Countj% Ohio, was
educated in Buffalo, N. Y., and was for a time en-

/<^i^JCfi<^ /Li.e^(:>^--■^-<^^

PORTRAIT AInD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

•205

gaged in teaching, a profession for vvhicli her cult-
ure, tact and fine character well fitted her. She is
a daiigiiter of the Rev. Stephen Bathrick, a Free
Will Baptist minister and also a practicing homeo-
piiMiic phj'sician. He labored in various States —
Now York, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, etc.- —
ably advancing the cause of Christianity for years,
lie entered into rest in Frankfort, this county,
in 1880. To Mr. and Mrs. Stephen two children
have been born, named respectively' Marian F.
and Kdwin L.

Mr. Stephen is now serving his third term .as
Justice of the Peace, and his second term as a
member of the Board of Village Trustees. A man
of ripe intelligence, good judgment .and firm
princi|)les, he proves an efficient worker for the
prosperity and order of the town. He belongs to
Joliet Lodge, No. 42, F. & A. M. He is a stanch
Republican, politically, and has frequently been
sent as a delegate to county conventions.

i<^-^

•*., R. CHARLES RICHARDS. The medical
'• profession of Will County received a wor-
thy addition in 1868, b.y the advent of
Dr. Richards, who thereafter prosecuted a
successful practice until his death, which occurred
Februarys, 1890. He was born in Newport, Her-
kimer County, N. Y., July 2G, 1832, and was the
son of Richard and Maiy Agnes (Newton) Rich-
ards, who spent their Last 3-ears in Ohio.

When Charles was a lad of ten years, his parents
removed to New Haven, Ohio, where he completed
the rudiments of an English education, and, when
of suitable years, began the study of medicine in
the office of Dr. F. G. Armstrong. Later he at-
tended lectures at the Albany Medical College,
from which he was graduated in IS/JS. He con-
tinued his residence at New Haven, and followed
his profession until coming to Illinois.

During his citizenship in Joliet, Dr. Richards
won the respect and esteem of all by his sterling
qualities of heart and mind. Not only was he
skilled in dispensing medicines, but he possessed
that sympathetic and genial nature which at once

inspired confidence among his patients, and which
was often of more assistance to them in their re-
covery than anything which could be obtained
from the pharmacist. Dr. Richards built up a
large and profitable practice, and in social as well
as Ijusincss circles was a universal favorite. From
1870 to 1874 he held the olHee of County Coroner,
and for some time he was Secretary of the Will
County Medical Societ}'. His religious belief coin-
cided with the doctrines of the Methodist Episco|ial
Church, of which he was a leading light in Joliet,
and of which his widow is also a member. Polit-
ically, Dr. Richards was a stanch Republican, and
was inlluential in his party in this portion of the
State.

The marriage of Dr. Charles Richards and Miss
Harriet, daughter of Thomas T. and Phebe (Stew-
art) Mulford, was celebr.ated at the bride's home, in
New Haven, Ohio, March 25, 1858. Mrs. Richards
was born March lit, 1835, in New Haven, Ohio,
and was one of a f.amily of six children born to her
parents. The latter were natives respectively of
Pennsylvania and Connecticut, and are now de-
ceased. Mrs. Richards, who survives her husband,
is a lady of excellent character, and iiighly re-
s|)ected in the community. .She occupies a beauti-
ful home on Richards Avenue, and enj(>ys the
friendship and association of the best people in the
city. To her activ-e co-operation may be attrib-
uted not a little of the Doctor's success, for she
was a true helpmate to him in every sense of the
word .

In connection with this sketch we present a lith-
ographic portrait of Dr. Richards. He is remem-
bered affectionately by a very large circle of
acquaintances, to whom his worthy traits of cliar-
.acter endeared him. He was distinguished not
less for his kindness of heart than for his superior
talents of mind, and, as became a true Christian,
his word was always as good as his bond.

-*^

felLLIAM. C. TROWBRIDGE, junior meni-

\/\'l! ^^^^ "'' ''''' *'"" "^^ Tillotson <fe Trowbridge,

W^ is familiarly known as one of the editors

and publishers of the Crete Journal and its aux-

•2.06

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

iliaries, which includes the local interests of Bloom,
Monee, Beccher, Malteson and Goodenow. The
combinalion of papers was establislied by Mr. W.
H. Gardner, in March, 1888, and in May following
he was succeeded by the present firm. Thej' have
a bona fide issue of five hundred copies weekly, and
publish a paper which is heartily welcomed by the
people of this region, being full of local news, and
treating concisol3' all the important topics of the
day.

Mr. Trowbridge is a practical printer, with an
experience of eight years as foreman of the Breed-
ers's Journal, a stock paper formerly publislicd at
Beecher, 111. He served a full apprenticeship at
the "art preservative" in Lewistown, Pa., and
Grand Rapids. Jlich., and subsequently was em-
ployed five years in the State Printing Oftioe at
Lansing. His native place was Altoona, Pa., and
the date of his birth April 14, 1856. His father,
William S. Trowbridge, was born in Granville,
Washington County, N. Y., August 24, 1825, and
died October 5, 1889, at Grand Rapids, Mich. The
latter was of stanch New Elngland stock, and on
account of the death of his father when he was but
a boy, was thrown upon his own resources at an
early age. He learned the trade of an iron
moulder at Poultney, Vt., and later emigrated to
Harrisburg, Pa., where he followed his trade and was
.married to Miss Henrietta Kubn. Mrs. Trowl)ridge
was born and reared in Harrisburg, and was the
daughter of Jacob and Susan Kuhn, who died there.

After their marriage the elder Trowbridge and
his wife remained for some years residents of Har-
risburg and then removed to Altoona, Pa., where
the father operated some time as a foundr3'man.
He then removed to Juniata County, and later to
Lewistown, where he became the employe of a
firm engaged in the manufacture of agricultural
implements. He was thus occupied until the fall of
1803, and then, the Civil War being in progress,
enlisted in the Two Hundred and First Pennsyl-
vania Infantry, in which he served until the close
of the war, when he received his honorable dis-
charge.

Returning now to his home and family in Lew-
istown, Pa., tlie father of our subject not long
afterward took charge of the smelting department

of the Freedom Steel Works, one of the largest
manufacturing enterprises of the kind in Pennsyl-
vania, and he there remained until 1870. We next
find him making his way to Grand Rapids, Mich.,
where he was joined by iiis family in 1871, and
where he spent the remainder of his life. In Grand
Rapids he was manager of Clmbb's Agricultural
Implement Works, lie w.as a skilled workman, and
was of that genial and companionable disposition
which drew around him hosts of friends. His re-
ligious views coincided witii the doctrines of the
Episcopal Church.

The mother of our subject died at her home in
Grand Rapids, Mich., in March, 1875, aged about
sixty years. She, like her husband, was a member
of the Episcopal Church. There were born to them
ten children, seven of whom, five daughters and
two sons, are yet living. These with one exception
are all married. AVilliam C. is next to the eldest, and
like them obtained his education principally in his
native county. He accompanied the family in the
removal to Grand Rapids. Mich., and was there
married. March 10. 1876, to Miss Lelia M. Wil-
kins. This lady was born in Grand Rapids, Au-
gust 31, 1856, and was carefully reared and edu-
cated. She grew up an accomplished and intelligent
woman, and b\' her union with our subject has
become the mother of three children, viz.: F.
Winona. William Roy and Mj'ron. Mr. and Mrs.
Trowbridge are members of the Congregational
Church at Crete, and Mr. Trowbridge, politically,
is a sound Republican.

--«-

#-*

OHN DAY. No member of the farming
community of this county is more worthy
of representation in tliis Biographical
Ai.nuM tiian this gentleman, who has been
identified with the agricultural interests of this
part of the State for many years, and now owns
an^ occujiies a choice place of ten acres in Plain-
field Towjiship, and also one hundred and eight}--
two acres in Du Page Township.

Mr. Day is of English Ijirtli, born in Lincoln-
shire, April 2, 1830. His father, bearing the same

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

207

name as liimself, was a native of the same sliire,
and his jrraiulfatlier was a life-long resident there.
The fatlier of our subject was reared on a farm in
his native eounty, and was there employed in
ag-ricullural pursuits until 18,56, when he came to
America and settled in Illinois, buying a home
with our subject in Dul'age Township, and living
there until his useful life was closed by death. The
maiden name of the mother of o>ir subject was
Rebecca Brickies, and she was also a native of
Kngland. She spent her last years at the home of
our subject at Plain held. fShe and her husband
were the parents of four children, namely: Mary,
William, .John and Soijhia. The latter died at the
age of four years, and the others came to Amer-
ica. Mary married William Pepper. They lo-
cated in this county, and she is now deceased.
William located in Manhattan, but is now residing
in Joliet.

John, of whom we write, was reared in the land
of his birth until he was eighteen years of age.
He had heard of America, and being an ambitious,
self-reliant, adventurous j'outh, he longed to try
his fortunes here, but was restrained by his par-
ents from coming to this countrj- until the age
mentioned. Having finally obtained their per-
mission, he set sail from Liver[)Ool April 2, 1854,
and after a tedious voyage of seven weeks landed
in New York. He started thence at once to Illi-
nois to join friends at Piainfield. He immediately'
sought employment here, as he needed the money,
and soon found work on a farm at §1G a month.
He was thus engaged for about three years, and
then rented land on shares until ISOt!, when he
bought ninety-one acres of land on section 30,
DuPage Township, and about eight j'ears later
bought ninety-one acres adjoining on the same
section. He resided there until 1884, then rented
the farm and came to town, and bought the pleas-
ant residence in which he has since lived retired,
he having acquired a handsome competence by
untiring and well-directed labors.

To the wife who makes this home cozy and at-
tractive, Mr. Day was united in marriage in Octo-
ber, 1859. Mrs. Day's maiden name was Cath-
erine Stratton, and she was born in Wayne
County, Ohio, December 6, 1810. Her father,

William Stratton, was a native of New Jersey,
and moving from there to Ohio, located among
the pioneers of \Vayne County, and there spent
the remainder of his life. The maiden name of
his wife was Barbara llieks. She w,as born, it is
thought, in Pennsylvania, and was of Dutch des-
cent. She spent her last years in Ohio. Mr. and
Mrs. Day have three children living — Sophia A.,
Lizzie J. and Carrie O.

Our subject is in every sense of, the word a
self-made man, as all that he is and has he owes
to his own exertions. He is a man of self-re-
specting character, is well dowered with firmness,
activity and sound liusiness qualifications, and is
classed among our best citizens.

,^LBERT L. DAVIS. The subject of this
l@yL[ll notice, who is a familiar figure among the
mercantile interests of Joliet, was born
October 7, 1845, in Dublin, Wayne County,
Ind. His parents were Norton and Ellen (Cham-
berlin) Davis, who were natives of New York.
Norton Davis spent his early years in his native
county of Monroe, and after reaching man's estate
occu[ncd himself at various employments, and was
successful financially. For many years he'operated
a machine-shop, and was engaged in the manufac-
ture of farming implements at Dublin, Ind. He
died there on the 4th of December, 1883. He
was a man of fine business abilities, the architect
of his own fortune, commencing life without
means at the age of sixteen years, and gained for
himself a good position socially and financially.

The mother of our subject survived her husband
seven years, dying February 9, 1890, at the old
homestead in Dublin, Ind. The parental house-
hold consisted of six children, only two of whom
are living — Albert L. and Walter C, the latter
living in Cambridge City, Ind., where he follows
the occupation of a jeweler.

AlbertL. attained his early education in the com-
mon schools, and later he entered Miami Com-
mercial College, from which he was graduated in
1861. He commenced his business career as a

208

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

book-kceppr for the firm of Dnvis, I>nwrencc &
Co., which subsequently was known .is the Wayne
Agricultural Companj', and Mr. Davis held his
position with tiie firm for a period of twelve
• years. In 188(), in compait}' with S. S. Chambcr-
lin, he engaged in the furniture and undertaking
business at Lockport, and the firm holds a lead-
ing position among the business interests of the
place. In Julj', 1888, he entered into partnership
with the firm now known as S. S. Chamberlin ct
Co.

Mr. Davis was married .Tanuar\' 21, 1869, at
the bride's home in Dayton, Oliio, to Miss Clara S.
Odell. This lady was born August 18, 1849, in that
city and is the daughter of Thomas W. and Caroline
L. Odell, wlio were n.atives respectively of Canada
and Ohio. This union resulted in the birth of
four children, viz.: Nelle C, Arthur K., Clarence
O. and Ada N. He is a member of the Masonic
fraternity in Joliet, being a Knight Templar. He
has one of the most valuable collections of ancient
and Roman coins in this country, some of them
dating back as far as three and four hundred 3'ears
before Christ. He and his wife are both active
members of the Universalist Cliurch, and hold
membership in the First Universalist Church in
Dublin, Ind.

^^E

E^^

fcHOMAS TUCKER. The agricultural ele-
Sn ment that has been so largely instrumental
>^f' in the upbuilding of Will County is well
represented b}' this gentleman, who is one of the
foremost farmers and stock-breeders of Monee
Township, where he owns a large and valuable
farm.

Mr. Tucker was born September 27, 1835, near
Shasberry, Dorchester, England, a son of Luke and
Sarah Tucker, who were natives of the same pl.ace
as their son. His father was a farmer during his
early life but for many years he was engaged as a
collector of tithes for the church. He and his wife
had a family of eight children: Elizabeth Rose, of
England; Ann, who became the wife of George
Hitchcock and died in England, leaving a son and

daughter; Israel is a resident of Chicago; ^lary,
wife of Abraham Scrivens, of Will Township;
Sarah married Thomas Randerson, and has since
died; Thomas ; .Stephen ; John, the eldest, died in
England. The mother of our subject died in
England about 1842. and his father with five chil-
dren came to the United States two years later,
landing after a voyage of eight weeks, arriving in
Syracuse on the Fourth of July, in season to cele-
brate our great National holiday. !Mr. Tucker was
a resident of that city about thirteen j'ears, and
subsequentl3- going to Chicago died there in Sep-
tember, 1876, aged eighty-three years and five
months.

A lad of only nine years when he came to this
country, our subject has been reared under its in-
stitutions and was educated in its public schools,
and no native-born citizen is more loyal than he.
He followed farming in S3'racuse until 18.58, when
he came to Chicago with his brother Stephen and
was engaged in the butchering business there for
some years. In the spring of 1863 he took a most
important step in life, as he then came to this county
to resume his early occupation as an agriculturist
and located on the farm where he now resides.
This comprises two hundred and forty acres, sup-
plied with all substantial improvements and he
has besides much other land. He has two hundred
and forty acres adjoining in Monee, one hundred
and sixty acres in Will Township, and has eighth-
acres of the two hundred and fortj' acres which he
and his brothers owned jointlj^ at one time. Mr.
Tucker began life without a dollar and has acquired
all this valuable property bj' the exercise of keen
judgment, incessant industry and the wise economy
that knows when to spend as well as when to spare
money, and is numbered among oui- monej-ed men
who are using their influence to advance the town
and count}' in ever}' direction. Mr. Tucker takes
a leading place in the township as a stock-breeder,
and for the last six j-ears has made a specialty of
rearing Hereford cattle, importing a part of his
herd directly from England. He is also interested
in raising horses, the Hambletonian stock being his
favorite, of which he has some fine specimens.

May 3, 1860, Mr. Tucker and Miss Ann Shcvlin
were united in marriage. .She was born in County

PORTRAIT BIOGRAPHICAL AND ALBUM.

209

Donegal, Ireland, a daughter of Charles and Ann
(GoUahar) Sbevlin, who were also natives of that
county, where the father carried on fanning. Mrs.
Tucker was one of a family of four children, the
others being James, of Chicago; Mary, of New
Jersey; and ICdward, of Chicago. The latter, the
eldest, was tiie first to come to the United States,
he coming in 1857 and Mrs. Tucker in 185il. 'J'his
marriage of our subject has been blessed to liim
and his wife b\' the birth of nine children, namely:
Ann; Sarah Mary, wife of James O'Shca, of Chi-
cago; Tliomas, Emma, Rose, Charles; Stephen,
who died at the age of twelve; Anna, and Israel.
During an iionorable career as a sagacious, en-
terprising agriculturist, Mi . Tucker has displayed in
a good degree those solid traits of character that
are needful to the attainment of good fortune in
an^' calling, and in his dealings with all, either in
a business or social waj', he has ever shown himself
to be a man of honor and truthfulness. He is a
consistent member of the Baptist Church, and his
wife is a devoted communicant of the Roman
Catholic Church. Politically, our subject is a
sound Republican.

IIARLES SCHIRRA. This gentleman is
numbered among the practical and and suc-
^^ cessful f.armers of Crete Township, in which
he has resided since 1865. He now owns two hun-
dred and thirty-five acres of land on section 7, it
being well improved, well stocked, and well culti-
vated. Farming has been the life work of Mr.
Schirra and in its pursuit he has brought to bear
a marked degree of determination, intelligence,
and keenness of observation. As a reliable citizen,
an atfectionate husband and parent, and an indi-
vidual interested in the world's progress, he re-
ceives the respect of those about him and fills a
worth3' place in the list of foreign-born citizens.

The parents of our subject were Nicholas and
Mary (Loufe) Schirra, both of whom were natives
of Prussia, the former being of French ancestry
and the latter of German blood. Both lived to a
good old age, spending their entire lives in their

native land. Mr. Schirra was usually employed at
farm labor. He and his wife belonged to the Ger-
man Catholic Church. They were the parents of
seven sons and three daughters, the subject of this
sketch being the third child.

In one of the Rhine Provinces, Charles Schirra
was born April 17, 1817. He obtained a good
German education and becoming a farmer worke<l
.as a tiller of the soil in his native land until thirty
years old. He then, in the spring of 1847, started
to America, taking passage at Antwerp on a sail-
ing vessel and spending forty-two d.ays on the At-
lantic. He w.as followed to this country in later
years by two brothers and a sister, all of whom
are yet living. He landed in New York City
without means to continue his journey, and he
therefore worked his way to Chicago, which ho
reached sometime in the fall. He worked in var-
ious parts of Cook County until 1853, when he
purch.ased one hundred and fifteen acres of land
in Bloom Township, upon which he remained un-
til he became a resident of Will County. His first
purchase here was of two hundred acres, to which
he afterward added.

In Rich Township. Cook County, he of whom sve
write was united in marriage with INIiss Mary E.
Ladoux, with whom he lived happily until June 14,
1876, when she was called hence by the angel of
death. She was then forty-eight years of age,
having been born in Switzerland, December 25,
1827. Her parents Joseph and Lizzie Ladoux were
natives of Switzerland, who upon coming to
the United States in 1845, settled at once in Rich
Township, Cook County, where they began to im-
prove a farm. After some years the mother died
at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Mary Goodseid,
being then in her seventy-second year. The father
afterward came to Crete Township, Will County,
and died at the home of his son, Joseph, he also
being seventy-two years old. Both Mr. and Mrs.
Ladoux belonged to the Catholic Church.

To Mr. Schirra and his good wife, fourteen chil-
dren were born. John and Charles died young
and they also lost an infant. Of the living chil-
dren we note the following: Eliza married Peter
Wehren, a furniture dealer who lives in Madison,
Cook County; Matilda is the wife of Peter

210

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Selitaidt, their lioiiic being in Oliientro; Carrie be-
came the wife of Sebastaiu .1. Lux, wlio is now
deceased and she lives on her father's farm;
.losoph is operating a farm in tliis townsliip:
Phillip C. lives in Monee Township: Ida M. is the
wife of Metz Miller, a carpenter in Cliicago;
Charles C. and Anna A. are at home ; George is now
associated with his brother, Joseph, in operating a
farm; Walter P. and Jacob O. aie at home. All
the children were educated in both German and
English and are intelligent, well informed, and
manifesting energy and thrift. .Mr. Schirra is a
sound Democrat.

<jf|OIIN T. CLYNE is one of the bright and
enterprising young business men of Will
County-, being closely identified with its
stock interests. He is connected with S. AV.
Simmons in the breeding and handling of trotting
stock and thej^ are the proprietors of the Stone City
Stables in Joliet, where they have a fine stud of
horses. The}' issue the Will County Ilorsenian, of
which our subject is the business manager. 'Ihey
are making a great success of this paper published
in the interests of the turfmen, as it already has a
good circulation. It is a four-column, eight-page
quarto, having been enlarged from a four-page
sheet. Our sul)ject comes of sterling New York
ancestry and is a native of that State, born in Co-
hoes, Albany County, December 8, 1857, to James
and Catherine Clyne. His mother was the daughter
of John and Mary t^uinn, of W,'ishington County,
N. Y., who were of Irish ilescent. The father of
our subject was the son of Thomas and Margaiet
(McCormick) Clyne, the latter a native of Oneida
County, and the old homestead on which she was
born is still in possession of the family. Her an-
cestry' came to America in Colonial times. Thomas
Clyne was born in County Longford. Ireland, his
father having gone there from German}- during the
exodus from that countiy.

Our subject wtvs reared in the cit}- of his birth
until he attained the .age of nine years and there

laid the foundation of his education. At that age
he commen(;ed working in the knitting factories and
was thus employed until 1875, when at the age of
seventeen, on a certain .Sunday evening, he and his
•■ chum" started out to make their fortune in the
West. His friend, Martin Mahon, is now a wealthy
man in San Francisco, Cal. When our subject thus
ventured out into the world he li.ad but a few dol-
lars in ids pocket, and after traveling some days he
secured a job in a ssish and blind shop at ninety
cenls per da}-. He worked there two weeks and
then left to learn the trade of a bricklayer, but the
contractor skipped the county and left him in the
hirch. Fortunately he had a friend who could and
did lend him $5, and he made his way to Lockporl,
where he obtained work in the harvest field and
was there employed nine dajs, which was his first
experience of farm life, and for the next three
years he was engaged in .agricultural pursuits, the
last two working for Judge Simmons, the father of
his partner. Feeling the need of a better education
he entered a good school at Valparaiso, Ind., and
was closelj' engaged in study there for a j'ear. He
then returned toPlainfield and worked for the same
man for a time and then resumed his scholastic
pursuits and was in school for a year, paying his
own w:iy in the meantime. When he had com-
pleted his education he again went back to Plain-
field and there took part in a ceremon}' which has
had an im|)ortaut bearing on his afterlife as he was
at that time married to Miss Anna L., daughter of
John and Hannah McClosky. She is an earnest
Christian and a consistent member of the Methuilist
Church. Of her happ}- union with our subject
three sons have been born — ilead, \Vade, and Vard.
-Vfter marriage our subject utilized his education
by leaching school in DuPage. He subsequently
took charge of the luisiness of J. W. Funk, who
was a great horse shipper and contractor. After
that Mr. Clyne was appointed to take charge of the
County Poor House, under Judge Simmons, and was
keeper for three years, and then was made .'superin-
tendent of the Poor, and continued in that position
from 1885 until the present time. He is now as-
sociated with S. W. Simmons, as before mentioned.
They have a valuable stud of horses of which we
may mention Dictator, Jr., son of Dictator and

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

211

Del wood a member of the Nutwood family; Ali
Busliaw, son of Greens Bushaw; T. B. Mount, re-
presentative of old Alniont, No. 33; Harry and
Leo McGregor, descendants of the famous Robert
Gregor of time 2:17i^, and many others of consid-
erable note.

Mr. Clyne is a member of the A. F. i& A. M.,
Madison Lodge, No. 175; Chapter of Joliet, No.
27, and also belongs to the Joliet Conimandcry
of Knight Templars, No. 4. As a public-spirited
citizen fully alive to the best interests of his county
and townshi]), he is a thoroughbred Republican
and takes a great interest in politics and has been
instrumental in getting manygood measures throiigii
the State Legislature, notably, the opening of the
boulevard at Joliet. A man of ambitious, forceful
character, well-trained intellect, and excellent hab-
its, our subject is an inttuence for good in the
community and exerts himself to promote its
advancement.

\f OHN GOUGAR. This aged veteran, who
has passed the eightieth \'ear of his age, has
been a resident of New Lenox Township
since 1830. He has seen much of pioneer
life, contributed his full quota to the development
of the agricultural resources of this section, and is
now in the enjoyment of a competence, being able
to look back upon a well spent life, and feeling that
his labors have not been in vain. Durinohis lona:
residence in Will County he has gathered around
him hosts of friends, who have long recognized his
sterling qualities, and whose confidence and esteem
he enjoys in a marked degree. The biographer
finds him pleasantly situated in a beautiful home,
amidst all the comforts and man\- of the luxuries
of life.

The immediate progenitors of Mr. Gougar were
William and Catherine (Abel) Gougar, natives of
Pennsylvania, and the father born in Berks Count}'.
They were reared and married in the Keystone
.State, but in 1818 removed to Ohio, and lived
eight years in Pickaway Count}'. Thence they re-
moved to Vermillion County, Ind., and from there,

in June, 1831, to Illinois, settling on section 18, in
what is now New Lenox Township. ,The father tilled
the soil successfully, and constructed a good home-
stead from a tract of Wild land, where he spent the
remainder of his life, dying March 31, 18G1. The
mother died January 6, 1851.

To the parents of our subject there was born a
family of eleven children, nine sons and two daugh-
ters, eiglit of whom .ire living. John, our subject,
was the eldest of the family, and was born in
Northumberland County, Pa., March 20, 1810; he
accompanied tlie family in their removals to Ohio
and Indiana, and attained to manhood on a farm
in Vermillion County, where he sojourned until
the fall of 1830. He then came to what was then
Cook, but is now Will County, 111., and settled on
section 18, New Lenox Township, of which he lias
since been a resident. He thus bears the distinction
of being one of the oldest living settlers of this
county.

Mr. Gougar remained a b.ichelor until a man of
thirty-nine years, and then he met his fate in the
person of Miss Mary Ann Miller, to whom he was
married in Joliet, January 2, 1849. Mrs. (iougar
was born May 21, 1813, near Shippensburg, Pa.,
and was the daughter of Jacob and Mary (Boots),
ftliller, likewise natives of the Keystone State, in
the eastern part of which they spent the closing
years of their lives. They were the parents of
nine children, two of whom are living.

Our subject and his wife commenced their wed-
ded life together at the home which they now own
and occupy. Of their union there has been born
one child only, a son, Lewis F., November 15,
1852. He has spent his entire life at the old farm,
and for many years past has had the chief man-
agement of it, relieving his parents from many
cares. He was given a good education in the
schools of New Lenox Township and at Englewood,
111. For several years he has been a School Di-
rector in his district, and also served as Overseer
of Highways. Both parents and son are regular
attendants of the Episcopal Church.

John Gougar cast his first Presidential vote for
Van Buren, and from that day to this has contin-
ued a stanch supporter of the Democratic party.
He served in the Black Hawk War, beluga member

212

PORTRAIT AND BIOOtRAPHICAL ALBUM.

of a company of nioiiiitecl volunlecis. iiiulor tlie
cuinniaiKl of Capt. Holden Scission, and had three
broUiors — AVilliaiiis. Nicholas and Daniel — wlio
solved in the sauie eoni|)any, all being uiiisteied
into service in August, 1832. During the early
days the post-oflicc was at the house of Mr. (xougar.
Cornelius \'an Horn acting as Postmaster, and cou-
stitiited one of the stations l)etvvccn Danville and
Chicago. Mr. Gougar served on the petit jury in
Chicago, walUing Ihe entire distance. In 1830 he
went to mill with an ox-team to a place near Ot-
tawa. He hauled his grain and other produce to
Chicago, alst) drove his live-stock there to n)arket.
Upon one occasion, during the Black Hawk War,
he in company with David Magnet, sought safety'
in a cave north of Joliet, where they remained un-
dislurled until the danger was jiast.

Near the residence of Mr. Gougar is an old In-
dian bur3ing ground. During the early days the
pioneers endured untold hardship, and but few sur-
vived to tell the tale. The subject of this notice
is looked upon as one of the old landmarks, whose
career has been one of more than ordinary interest.
He traces his ancestr}' to Germanj-, and the family
was first represented in America probably during
the Colonial daj's. JNIr. Gougar has in his possess-
ion a tierman Bible, which was printed about 1600,
and which is carefully preserved as an invaluable
relic. He has made for himself a good record,
and his name will be held in kindly remembrance
long after be has been gathered to his fathers.
Two of his brothers, who have also been men of
note in their community, are represented elsewhere
in this volume.

-J^^»

;OHN CANN stands among the loaders of the
I stock-raising and farming interests of Will
j Township, where he owns a farm which in
(^^' point of cultivation and general improve-
ment is scarcely surjiassed ly any in the neighbor-
hood. Mr. Cann was born and bred in England,
Tavistock Parish, Devonshire, being his native
place, and April 30, 1851. the date of his birth.
His parents, Thomas and Elizabeth (White) Cann,

were also natives of that place. During some
period of his life his father moved to Plymouth,
England, where he had a position on the police
force. He was a farmer and butcher b\' occupa-
tion. He was the father of six children, of whom
four grew to maturity, nainel3': Salina, now de-
ceased; ,Iohn; George (living in England), and
Samuel 11. The mother, who died in her native
land, was a devoted Christian, and a member of
the Church of England. The father came to the
United States in September, 1875, and made his
home with his children. He was one of a family
of three sons and three daughters, of whom he was
the only one who ever came to the United States.
The names of his brothers and sisters were Joseph,
John, Elizabeth, Juliauna, and ]\Iary. Our sul)-
ject's mother was a daughter of John White, who
had three sons and three daughters: John, who
lives in Iowa, and Mary, wife of James Joslyn, of
Kansas, being the only members of the family to
come to this country.

John Cann, of this sketch, passed his boyhood
and youth in his English home, receiving his edu-
cation in the local schools. In the month of April,
1860, in the dawning of a vigorous, manly man-
hood, he embarked for America to begin life anew
on this soil, accompanying thither his cousin, George
Berry. For awhile after landing on these shores he
lived near Niagara Falls. In April, 1871, he re-
moved to Peotone, and worked on a farm tlrere,
and was alsj employed at one time in Chicago, till
1876. In that year he located on his present f:u-ra,
and two j'ears later he began his indejiendent ex-
istence .as proprietor and mauflgcr of a farm of his
own, buj'ing this of its former owner and from its
rich harvest fields he reaps a good income. It is
pleasantly located on section 8, and its one hundred
and sixt3' acres are in a fine state of cultivation.
He does a good general farming business and for
the past six years he has been paying particular at-
tention to raising Short-horn cattle.

To the wife who has materially assisted him in
making their cos^' home and looks so carefull}' to
the comfort of the household, 'Slv. Canu was united
in marriage August 21, 1872. Mrs. Cann's maiden
name was Amelia Ahlborn, and she was born in
New York City, Jul}' 31, 1856, to William and

^^. y^ ^

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

•215

Amelia (Epson) Ahlborn, who came from Germany
to MoiieR in 1855, and located on a farm, where
tlie fatiier subsequently died. His widow now re-
sides in Peotone. Of the three children born to
her, two are living, Amelia and Henry. Sliu has
married a second time, taking as her husband Henry
Raphof, b^' whom she has one child, George. Tlic
wedded life of our subject and his estimable wife
has been blessed by the eight children born to them:
George, William, Herbert, Chirence, Thomas and
Richard. Two of their children died, one in in-
fancy and one at ten years.

The years tlial have passed away since our sub-
ject landed in this country have been fraught with
much care and labor, but every obstacle has been
steadily conquered by a quiet determination to turn
everything to his advantage as far as practicable,
and by wise economy and thrifty management he
hns [ilaced himself in an honorable position among
his fellow-townsmen, he having increased the small
ca|)ic:il of 15 with which he landed in this
country, to a comfortable competence. He is al-
ways interested in the welfare of his adopted town-
shi|), and has aided in its material and moral
elevation. At one time he served as Road Com-
missioner, working faithfully to imjjrove the local
highways. His wife belongs to the Presbyterian
Churcli and identifies herself with all its good work.

ylLLIAM DOUGALL, M. D. On the op-
posite page appears a lithographic portrait
W^ of Dr. Dougall, whose long residence in
AVill County, together with his active participation
in all worthy measures for the development of the
resources of the community, has made him promi-
nent both socially and in the ranks of the pr<,ifession.
His life has been such as to shed an added lustre
on a good old name, and he inherits those substan-
tial traits of character which have rendered the
Scotch famous amid a galaxy of nations. It has
been said that there are two kinds of education,
one which is received at school, and the other, more

important, which we give ourselves. Dr. Dougall
was fortunate in gaining each kind of training, and
as a result his character has been rounded out and
developed, while he has acquired those habits of
perseverance and energy, which are so essential to
success in any profession.

Our subject, who was the fifth son of John and
Margaret (Iloustoun) Dougall, was born at Under-
wood, Paisley, Scotland, March 1, 1842. His father,
who was a leading cotton spinner in the west of
Scotland, came with his family to this country in
1858, and |)urchased a farm near New Haven, Ind.
On this homestead he died December 28, 1874, hav-
ing reached the ripe age of seventy five years. His
life was characterized by sincere piety, uncompro-
mising rectitude, and by social qualities which se-
cured for him the love and esteem of his neighbors.
The mother of Dr. Dougall was born January 1,
1801, in the village and parish of Iloustoun, Ren-
frewshire, Scotland, and was descended from a
French-Huguenot family who left France at the
time of the massacre of St. Bartholomew. She
survived her husband several years, dying June 17,
1888. The family included twelve children, eight
of whom survive. These are Mrs. David McGre-
gor, of Manchester, England ; Mrs. John Iladden,
of Milwaukee, Wis.; James, of the Royal Botanic
Gardens in Glasgow, Scotland; Allan IL, of Ft.
Wayne,! nd.; David, of Georgetown, British Guiana,
South America; Mrs. Dr. M. F. Williamson, and
our subject of Joliet, 111.; and Mrs. J. F. Beuret,
of Antwerp, Ohio.

The family are truly cosmopolitan. Of the four
who are deceased, one is buried in Scotland, one in
England, one in America and one in China. The
widow of the eldest son lives in London, England;
some of the grandchildren live in Lisbon, Portugal;
and in China are to be found a son-in-law, grand-
d.aughter, and three great-grandchildren. These
are the family of a beloved daughter, Isabelle F.
Williamson, who after thirtj' years spent in the mis-
sion Held of China, died, and was buried in August,
1886, in the lield which she had selected for her
life work. Her memory survives her, perpetuated
as it is by numerous translations and a widely
known and celebrated work entitled "Old High-
ways in China." Such is the family to which the

216

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

subject of this sketch belongs and he is a worthy
representative of a good old stoi;k.

William Dougall was educated at the High Sciiool
at (Glasgow, au institution founded in the twelfth
century. Here he finished his preparations for the
stud}' of medicine, upon which he was about to
enter, when the change of circumstance and Ioca-
tion by reason of his father's emigration to America,
compelled him to relinquish for a time his pro-
jected career. Upon the breaking out of the Civil
War he quickly res()ouded to the call for troops,
and on June 1, 18G1, enlisted in Company C, Fif-
teenth Indiana Infantry, at Ft. Wa3-ne. He served
with his oonimaiid in every engagement, sustaining
severe wounds at the battle of Stone River, Tenn.
On October 1, 18G3, having passed the "regular"
examination he was commissioned Captain in the
Thirteenth United States Colored Infantr}-, in which
capacity' he acted, often with an independent com-
mand, until the close of the war, when he resigned.
His brother, Allan Housioun Dougall, was also a
Captain and Adjutant of the Eighty-eighth Indiana
Infantry.

On his return from the field A\'illiam Dougall
took up his medical studies, sultsequently taking
the regular medical course in the University of
Michigan at Ann Arbor, and remaining there dur-
ing 1866-'G7. On March 4. 18G8, he received the
degree of Doctor of Medicine from the Chicago
Medical College, and on the first of the following
month began the practice of his profession at Le-
mont. Cook County, 111. He was married October
1, 1872, to Miss Cassle Walker, daughter of Edwin
Walker, of Lemont, and then removed to Joliet,
where he now resides. Here he has followed his
profession with great success and has especially dis-
linguished himself by his skill in surgical cases.
He takes a laudable intmest in the advancement of
his profession, in wiiich he has secured a leading
position.

Dr. Dougall is now President of the Board of
Examining Surgeons for pensions at Joliet, and also
President of the Will County Medical Society. In
1875, being an ardent Republican he was Chairman
of the County Central Committee. As an organizer
he possesses elements of success and is capable of
ably assisting in the party work. In 1879 he \v:is

appointed Postm.aster at Joliet, a position which he
held until 1883. At present he is Commander of
Bartleson Post, No. 6, G. A. R. He is a gentleman
of scholarl}- tastes and rijie culture, and is active
in the promotion of all efforts for the material and
social advancement of the community in which he
lives.

'-KM-

^(^-K^ •»■

<j|] OHN O. PIEPENBRINK. Among the pros-
perous farmers of Crete Township he with
1 whose name we introduce this sketch, holds
no unimportant position. He has been suc-
cessful as a tiller of the soil and has made a specialty
of stock-raising, for which purpose he has one of
the finest bodies of land within the township, this
being located near the town limits and comprising
sevcntj'-threc acres on section IG, and thirty-two
acres on section 2, adjoining. The land is very
fertile and improved with good buildings and has
been occupied by Mr. Piepenbriuk since the fall of
1878.

With the exception of eighteen months whicli
he spent in the city of Joliet, Mr. Piepenbrink has
been a resident of Crete Township since a child
three years of age. He was born in Hesse-Cassel,
Germany, Januarj' 5, 1847, and when three years
old accompanied his parents, John and Sophia
(Willie) Pie[>en brink to the United States, they set-
tling in Crete Township, where they are still living.
The father purchased land, where with the aid of
his estimable wife, they built up a good homestead
which they still own and occupy. John O. was
reared to habits of industry, becoming fully fami-
liar with the various pursuits of farm life and re-
maining with his parents until setting about the
establishment of a home of his own.

With the above-mentioned object in view, Mr.
Piepenbrink was married April 5, 1875, at the
bride's home in Crete Township to Miss Dora Or-
kenberg. This lady is a native of the same prov-
ince in German}' as her husband and was born
January 8, 1850. She likewise was a child of three
years when her parents came to America, and they
settled in Crete Township, where the father im-
proved a farm and where both parents spent the

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

217

remainder of tlieir days. Both were past seventy-
four years of age, the mother surviving her husband
but a short time. Tliey were most excellent and
wortliy people and members in good standing of
the Lutheran Church.

To our subject and his estimable wife then have
been born four children, viz.: William O.. Eda D.,
Albert F. and Martin .J. Mr. and Mrs. Piepcnbrink
l)elong to the Lutheran Church at Crete and hold
no secondary position among the leading people of
llieir township. Mr. Piepenbriuk, politically, affil-
iates with the Republican party and has held the
various local offices. He is one of the Directors
of the Crete Farmers' Mutual Insurance Company,
a member of the Finance Committee and has been
no unimportant factor in contributing to its
success.

-5-

^RED SENHOLTZ. A well-improved

farm of one hundred acres located on sec-
/Ij) tion 3, Washington Township, has been the

life-long home of the gentleman above named, who
now owns this part of the parental estate. He was
born June 19, 1862, and was educated in the com-
mon schools of the neighborhood. He is well in-
formed on general topics as well as in the work to
which he has given his attention as a life labor. He
is successfully conducting the vocation of a general
farmer, keeping up the improvements on the home-
stead, and dispLaying many of the qualities which
led Ids father to success in the same field of labor.

The chosen comi)anion of Mr. Senholtz was known
in her maidenhood as Miss Mi)inie Wehrmann. She
uas horn in the same township as her husband, .Jan-
uar}- lii, 18G8, and reared and educated here under
the oversight of worthy parents who had removed
hence from Germany at an early day. Thej' im-
[iroved a farm which they still make their home.
The happy union of Mr. and l\Irs. Senholtz has been
blest by the birth of one child, Amel. Mr. Senholtz
is a He|)ublican :ind both he and his wife have
good standing in the Lutheran Church.

The father of him of whom we write was Fred
Scnlujllz, Sr., who was born in Germany and there
rearetl to agricultural pursuits. In 1848, when

about of age, he came to the United States and
journeying from llie coast to Chicago found em-
ployment in that vicinity for some time. In Cook
County he was married to Bliss Augusta Trube,
who was born in the Fatherland and when a young
woman crossed the Atlantic, living in Chicago until
her marriage. The young couple soon came to
Will County and securing one hundred and sixty
acres of wild land in Washington Township, made
that their home during the balance of their lives.

The estate was increased to two hundred and
eight}' acres and placed under excellent improve-
ment and cultivation. There three sons and three
daughters were born to' the worthy couple, the sub-
ject of this union being the second son and child.
But one of the fraternal band has been called from
time to eternity. The mother breathed her last in
1875, when past fifty years of age. She was a life-
long member of the Lutheran Church, had been an
efficient companion and a devoted mother. The
father lived to the age of sixty-four years, dying
June 28, 1886. He left the reputation of a good
citizen, a hardworking man and a consistent mem-
ber of the Lutheran Church. In politics he was a
Republican.

-€-^~^

l^'RANCIS L. KERCHEVAL. This gentle-
JrHsi; man is one of the leading young men of
l\ New Lenox Township, a position to which

his intelligence, business energ}' and good charac-
ter fairly entitle him. His father was the late
James C. Kercheval, who was born in Preble
County. Ohio, August 10, 1816. His mother was
Anna Roundtree, who was born in North Carolina,
January 5, 1820. The Roundtree family removed
from North, Carolina to Indiana about the year
1825, settling near Crawfordsville, Montgomery
County, at which place the parents of our subject
were married in the year 1841.

At that time .lames C. Kercheval was a resident
of New Lenox Township, having come to Will
County in the fall of 1830. He was, therefore, one
of the very earliest settlers in the county, and as
such deserves gniteful remembrance for his assist-

218

PORTilAlT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

ance in the early work of development to which
the resiilents of the county are indebted fur their
beautiful estates and the many comforts and con-
veniences which surround them. He brought his
bride to this township, making a home on Maple
Street, where years of happy wedded life were
spent and a useful career pursued by both husband
and wife. Mr. Kercheval breathed his last Feb-
uary 6, 1873, after having secured the esteem of
those about him. His widow survived until Feb-
uary 7, 1888, when she too entered into rest, leav-
ing behind her a record of good deeds and kind
words which affords a pleasing remembrance to
all who loved her.

The family of Mr. and Mrs. .J. C. Kercheval in-
cluded twelve children, two of whom died in in-
fancy. The record of those who lived to grow up
is as follows; Mary J. became the wife of Francis
Granger and died in New Lenox Township, in Oc-
tober, 1882; Charles E. resides near the city of
Joliet; Sarah E. is the wife of H. C. Larsh, of
Crawfordsville, Ind. ; IMartha I. is the wife of Dr.
James McCann, of Normal, this State; Annie E. is
the widow of Elvis D. Lynk, who died in the vil-
lage of New Lenox, in Jul}-, 187i); Margaret died
when twelve years old ; Winfleld S. lives in Joliet
Township; Francis L., of whom we write, and
Frances F. are twins; Albert R. lives in Joliet
TownshiiJ.

The subject of this sketch was born in New
Lenox Townshij), November 17, 1859, and with
the exception of one year that township has been
his home during his entire life. He was educated
in the township schools and in the cit}- of Joliet,
becoming well-versed iu practical knowledge and
laying the foundation for his present fund of infor-
mation, lie was engaged in mercantile business
in the village of New Lenox for two and a half
years and was also employed as a clerk there for
about two years. With this exception he has fol-
lowed farming. The estate on which he lives con-
sists of one hundred acres on section 5, which was
the old homestead of his father. The buildings
which stand upon it are well built and adequ.ate,
the dwelling being especially noticeable for its
substantial and comfortable ajjpearancc and the
taste which is manifested in its surroundings. Va-

rious other improvements have been made upon
the farm which is conducted according to the most
improved methods, Mr. Kercheval showing him-
self an able agriculturist.

The many sterling qualities of Miss Emma F.
Lynk won the regard of Mr. Kercheval, who was
prospered in his wooing, winning that lady's con-
sent to be his wife. Their marriage rites were
celebrated in Joliet, May, 26, 1880, and happiness
has followed their union. Mrs. Kercheval is the
younger of two children born to Tunis and Lydia
A. (Hartshorn) Lynk, the other child having died
in infancy. Mr. Tunis Lynk was a native of New
York, and his wife, formerly Lydia A. Hartshorn,
was born in the State of Vermont. Her mother
died in New Lenox Township, January' 15, 1877,
and her father is now living in Lawtey, Bradford
Countj', Fla. Mrs. Kercheval w.as born May 18,
I8G1, in the township which is still her home. She
is the mother of two sons — Frank C. and James F.

Mr. Kercheval is a member of the Republican
party. His townsmen have shown their confidence
in his worth of character and good judguieut by
electing him to the odice of Township Assessor,
which position he has now held for five years. Mrs.
Kercheval is a member of the Episcoijal Church,
which her husband also attends. Both are popu-
lar members of society and well-spoken of on .all
sides.

HEDEKICK C. WILCOX. Although but
little more than thirty years of age, the
above-named gentleman holds a prominent
place among the business men of Joliet, and among
her most public-spirited and enterp'-ising citizens.
He is the manager of the immense business of the
Wilcox Bros'. Lumber Yards, and of the Carriage
Rei)Ository which has been added to the former
business, and has place in social orders and public
responsibilities. Trobabli' no man of his years in
the city that contains so many fine business men,
can boast of an oijual record in worldly affairs and
popular esteem.

The natal day of Frederick Wilcox was March
29, 1858, and his birthplace the city in which he

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

219

yet makes his home. His father, Edrauiul Wilcox,
is an old settler and well-known resident iiere, be-
ing one of three or four who have lived iiere fifty-
two 3'ears. His biographj- will appear on another
page of this volume. The lad was educated here,
and after comiileting his studies was engaged as a
clerk in the liardware store of Brooks & Co., from
the age of eighteen until his majority, when he
went to Russell County, Kan. There he remained
some two and a lialf years, returning to .Toilet in
August, 188L

At that time our subject, with his brother Will-
iam G. Wilcox, bought the entire lumber business
of the firm of Mason Si Plants. Ere long the
brotlier, who was teller in the First N.ational Bank,
was elected cashier to take the place made vacant
by the death of the former incumbent, and our
subject became sole manager of the lumber busi
ness. He has carried it on successfully, and now
has the largest yard and trade in the city. In May.
1889, he purchased the wholesale yards of T. A.
Mason, at the Michigan Central Yards, and has
carried on both departments of the business since.

In 1887 Mr. Wilcox erected a carriage reposi-
itory, and undertook the control of that enterprise
also. lie has recently been elected Secretary and
Treasurer of' the Swan Carriage Company, a cor-
porate l)ody that was organized not long since and
located in this city, the object being to do a whole-
sale jobbing business. Of this company he was
one of the organizers. The enterprises in which
he is engaged call for much wisdom and t.act in
controlling and guiding the men emplo^'cd, but the
manager seems to be at no loss to do this, and to
push forward both so as to insure their increase.
Nor do these affairs prevent him from taking [lart
in other enterprises of a less personal character.

Mr. Wilcox has held various offlci.al stations in
societies and civic bodies. lie w.is AVorshipful
Master of Matteson Lodge, No. 17.5, A. F. & A. M.,
in 1878-79; and is now Eminent Commander of
Joliet Commandery No. 4, Knights Templar. lie
was Master of the Blue Lodge at the time of the
conclave in Washington, and took with him to that
city his entire corps of officers. His lodge was
honored with an invitation to confer and exem-
plify the third degree at Alexandria, Va., in which

lodge Gen. Washington belonged, and over which
he presided eight successive years. Mr. AVilcox
therefore occupied the same chair, conferring the
degree in the presence of three hundrefl of the most
distinguished Masons of the United States. He is
one of the originators of the Joliet Masonic Asso-
ciation, an institution gotten up for the jjurpose
of building a Masonic Temple in the cit\'. Its
present capital is ?;GO,000, and Mr. Wilcox is Treas-
urer and Director, as well as a member of the
building committee. The intention is to erect a
building on the North side of .Jefferson Street, east
of the Chicago & Alton tracks, which will be the
largest and finest edifice in the city.

Sir. Wilcox is also now a member of tiie Board
of Education, and President of tiie Union Club, a
large and fine organization, numbering in its mem-
bersiiip the best elements of Joliet society. He is
likewise President of the Joliet Improvement Com-
pany, a syndicate of property owners, organized in
1888, he being one of the originators. He votes
with the Democratic party. As can be seen b}^ tiic
brief mention above, Mr. Wilcox is a busy man,
manifesting his capability in a highly successful
business career, in the aid of his fellow-men in their
efforts to upbuild the city and improve its society
and material appearance, and fiUinga leading i)lace
in the community. He is educated in a broad and
liberal sense, and possesses upright principles of
life.

ij/^^, ON. UUI OSGOOD. Among the settlers
) of Juno, ^83(5, came the subject of this
notice wlio located in Joliet and began
(^) the practice of law, being among the
first attorneys of the embryo city — his comijctitors
being Messrs. Newkirk, Henderson, Boardman
and Wilson. Mr. Osgood in addition to his law
practice in due time engaged in private banking
at which he continued until 18C2.

In the meantime, having been recognized as a
valued addition to the community, Mr. Osgood
was elected to various offices and finally to the
Legislature, being elected to the State Senate in
which he served from 1854 to 1860. lie was then

•220

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

nominated bj" the Democracy fs a member of
Congress from this district but was defeated by
Owen Lovejoy. Subse'iuentlj' he lived the life of
a private citizen, attending to his law practice un-
til his death which occurred February 8. 1871.
From the time of locating in Joliet his home had
been at the corner of Jefferson and Eastern Aven-
ues, where he lived comfortably and surrounded
himself and his family with manj' of the luxuries
of life. He left five children at the time of his
death all of whom are living: havirg had eight chil-
dren in all. Julia became the wife of Charles Scott
of Cincinnati and died of cholera in St. Louis,
Mo. in 1867, at the early age of twenty-two years:
Alpha M. died when six years old; Occar died
aged about six months. The surviving sons are
Augustus A., Algernon S. and Henry R., ail resi-
dents of Chicago. Virginia A. is the wife of
George S. House, a prominent attornej' of Joliet;
Emma Aldrich married Charles Seymour of Ba-
tavia. N. Y., and thej' are living in Oakland, Cal.

On January 1, 1839. the subject of this notice
was united in marriage with Miss Caroline V.,
daughter of Fenner and Emoline (Wade) Aldrich.
Mr. Aldrich was born in Massachusetts in 1803,
and was a son of one of the earliest families of
the Bay State. The paternal grandfather, David
Aldrich. m.arried Miss Mar}- Capron, and removed
to Pennsylvania where he took up a large tract of
land in the vicinity of Harper, Susquehanna
County. There he and his good wife spent the
remainder of their daj's. His children later re-
moved to Northern Illinois, but one son, Levi,
went in 1852, to California. The mother of Mrs.
Osgood bore the maiden name of Emoline AVade;
she was born in Connecticut and was the daughter
of Sylvanus and Mary (Chace) Wade, the for-
mer of whom served .as a soldier in the Revolu-
tionary War.

Fenner Aldrich came to Illinois in October,
1834, settling in Will County, when it was a part
(if Cook County and of which Mr. Aldrich became
Deputy Sheriff l)efore the division. He was also
proprietor of two hotels, the Juliet House and
Exchange House. In 1836, he was elected the
Sheriff of Will County, and re-elected in 1839.
He enjoyed a wide acquaintance throughout the

county and was universaSlj" liked on account of
his genial disposition. For a time he resided in
Springfield and coud'icted the St. Nicholas House,
during which time Governor Matteson w.as one of
his guests.

Mr. Aldrich preferring Joliet as a place of res-
idence, returned to the city and conducted the
Exchange Hotel during the remainder of his active
business life. He departed hence August 5, 1884.
He was a Democrat politically. The mother jxnssed
awaj- several years prior to the decease of her hus-
band, her death taking place February 16, 1872.
Mr. Aldrich w.as'a member of the Masonic frater-
nit\- and in religion was a Universalist.

ilrs. Osgood was born October 3, 1824, in Har-
ford, Susquehanna Count)-. Pa. and came to Jol-
iet with herp.arents when quite j'oung. She ob-
tained her education in the city schools and when
reaching womanhood was married January 1, 1839,
to the subject of this notice. ]Mr. Osgood was
born December 22, 1809, in Preston, Chenango
County, N. Y. where he lived until 1836, coming
then to Joliet. The politics of Mr. Osgood was a
stanch Democrat. Many years ago Mr. and Mrs.
Osgood joined the Universalist Church and in 1864
thej- transferred their membership to the Episco-
pal Church.

■>l'i'I't'>

)>)ATSON F. TWINING. Of honorable an-
cestry, from whom he inherited sterling
qualities of mind and character, which
have been developed under the care and training
of worthy parents, this young gentleman is bear-
ing his part in the battles of life in a manner
which wins the regard of those about him and
causes him to be numbered among the most enter-
prisinff of the younger farmers of Green Garden
Township. He, witli his brother Dana, owns and oc-
cupies an excellent farm, comprising two hundred
and forty acres on section 17. the same being the
estate which his father secured in 1851, and which
father and son developed from the raw prairies into
cultivated fields, which produced abundantly.
The original owner of this fine farm w.as Hiram

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBCM.

221

Twining, who was born in Townsend Townsliip,
Essex County, Mass., in 1819. He was reared
priiicipnlly in New Hampshire and Vermont, and
fdlhnved farming and dairying in the latter State
liming iiis early manhood. There he was married
to Miss Ik'tsey Needham, a native of Rulland
County and daugiiter of Is.iae Necdliam. a farmer
and dairyman.

In 1851 Hiram Twining and Ids family, winch
at that time comprised his wife and two children,
located on one hundred and sixty acres which lie
had secured with a Government land warrant. He
first put up a board shanty, hauling the material
from Joliet. The breaking of his ground was done
with a Lockport steel plow made by "Jim" Lane,
tlie motive power being oxen. Mr. Twining began
liic dairy imsiness, but it did not prove a success,
as he had the misfortune to lose his hay and meet
witli otlier catastrophies. He, therefore, turned
ids attention to general farming, and this venture
proved a successful one. He added one hundred
and sixty acres of land to that whicli he al-
ready possessed, forming two farms, on each of
which he had a good set of buildings. He improved
his licrd of cattle, those of a high grade oi- full-
blood taking the place of the animals lie had.

Mr. Twining was an Abolitionist and Repub-
lican. He belonged to tlie Christian Church.but when
the congregation in the neighborhood was disorgan-
ized he united with the Free-Will Baptists. He
served as Justice of the Peace one term. His
death, which was caused by heart disease, took
place December 14, 1889. His widow is still liv-
ing, making her home with her son, our subject.
She is now three-score and ten years old and in
somewhat delicate health. In addition to our sub-
ject, her family includes Dana E., Leonora L. and
Ircna E., who also live on the homestead, and Jas-
per E.. wlio occupies a farm of eighty* acres soutli
of his old home.

The Rev. Jonatlian Twining, grandfather of our
subject, was born in the village of Orleans, on
Cai)e Cod, and was the son of a Revolutionary sol-
dier. In early life he went with his parents to
Essex County, Ma.ss., where he married Eliza Fes-
ondeii, of the old Bay State. His trade was that
of a cooper and he owned a shop in Essex County.

After a time he removed to New Hampshire,
whcie he sojourned but a short period ere going
into Vermont. In Rutland C'ounty he worked at
his trade and at teaming until his death. He was
an active member of the Christian Church and for
some years labored as a minister. His widow came
to Illinois and died at the home of her son, Hiram,
at the age of seventy-live years.

Th(! gentleman whose name stands at the liead of
this sketch first oi)en('d his eyes to the light in
Slirewsbury Township, Rutland County, Vt., April
8, 1818. He was only a babe when his parents re-
moved to this State, whicli is the scene of his
earliest recollections. Tlie broad prairie over which
herds of deer roamed at will, wolves and other
wild animals were frequentl}' to be seen and the
appearances of civilization were but rare, is that
to which he looks back. He was carefully reared
by his parents, who gave hiin every advantage of
which their surroundings would admit. He attended
the first schoolhouse which was built in the neigh-
borhood, it being District No. 1. In study he
sjient his time during the summer until he was
fourteen years old, and from that time until he was
eighteen enjoyed similar [irivileges in the winter.
In the meantime he had been assisting, as his
strength would permit, in the home duties, having
begun to drive a team when nine years old.

Young Twining a.ssisted Lis father until he had
reached man's estate, after which he began a more
personal career, although he continued to reside on
the homestead, in the payment for which he bore a
part. He carried on the farm for his father until
the death of the latter, and then he took entire
charge of it. The land is all fenced and is well
supplied with substantial buildings of various
kinds, among them being a commodious barn, 40x80
feet, which was built in 1878, a corncrib, granarj',
windmill and tank, creamery, etc. Orchards and
groves adorn the land, which is fertilized by Mud
Creek, at the head of which it is located.

General farming is the work to which Mr. Twin-
in" gives his attention, and he secures excellent
crops of good grain by an intelligent use of fertil-
izing agents and modern means of cultivation. He
raises high-grade Short-horn cattle, graded Po-
land-China hogs, and good draft horses, seven head

■222

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

of the latter being kept and three teams constantly
used upon tlio farm.

Mr. Twining w;is Townsliip Supervisor in 1886,
and succeeded H. II. Slassen, the present Count}'
Clerk. His father acted as Scliool Director, School
Trustee, and deicgnlc to county conventions, and
the son is following in his father's footsteps as a
useful public servant. He is a Republican of tlie
stanchest kind and has served his party as a mem-
ber of the Central Committee. During two terras
of court lie has sat upon the i)etit jury. His re-
ligious belief is that expressed in the creed of the
Baptist Cluircli. He and the other nieml)ors of the
family circle are numbered among the best citizens
of the section, having an unusual degree of intelli-
gence, good breeding and honorable principle.

E^^

\T' OHN J. WALZ. The life of this gentleman
shows In a striking manner what can be ac-
complislied by persistency and diligence,
backed by honorable conduct toward man-
kind. From the position of a poor boy he has
risen to that of a man of means, the owner of a
large amount of real estate, including throe hun-
dred and twenty acres in New Lenox Township,
and thirteen hundred and sixty acres in Ellsworth
County, Kan. The farm lands of Ellsworth, Kan.
belonging to our subject are quite valuable, eighty
acres of them being laid out in town lots in the
beautiful city of Ellsworth, which is the county
seat of Ellsworth County, besides being under-
laid with a vein of salt one hundred and fifty-four
feet thick and it being 97 percent, pure. While yet
a youth he landed in New York, "a stranger in a
strange land," with ten francs in money (less than
two dollars) and tlie first money he earned in
America was sent to his fatlier to repa)- the indebt-
edness for his passage money. Under circum-
stances which would have discouraged many,
.young Walz began the course of persevering in-
dustry which has resulted in securing to him the
fine estate already mentioned.

The gentleman of whom we write is the eldest
of three sons born to Daniel and Margaretta (Kalm-

bach) Walz, his brothers bearing the names of Dan-
iel and George C. His father was born in Wal-
dorf, and his motlier in Spieldberg, both towns in
the kingdom of Wurtemburg, which forms a part
of the Germanic confederation. Both parents died
in tlieir native land. In Waldorf, he of whom we
write was born February 5, 1836. He acquired a
good fundamental education and learned the trade
of a book-binder prior to leaving his native land,
which he did in April. 1854, embarking in a sail-
ing vessel which reached New York the last of
June. In the metropolis 3'oung AValz remained
nine months, after which he went to Torrington,
Litchfield County, Conn., where he worked on a
farm for -^8 a month.

In December, 1856, Mr. Walz left Connecticut
to become a resident of Will County, III. Here
he took a contract with another man to cut two
luindred cords of wood and in the spring began
working by the month for different farmers in New
Lenox Township. He continued to work in this
way for several years, even after he had purchased
eighty acres of land, which he was able to do in
the spring of 1861. This he rented until 1866.
In the spring of 1863, he went to California, re-
maining on the Pacific coast three years and while
there engaging iii different occu|)alions. On his
return to the Prairie State he purchased an addi-
tional eiglity acres of land and turned his atten-
tion to the cultivation of his own farm. He has
increased the .acreage still more .and erected thereon
an excellent set of buildings, including a pleasant
dwelling, commodious barns, granaries and other
outbuildings.

At the home of the bride's parents in New Lenox
Township, April 6, 18()8, the rites of wedlock were
celebrated between Mr. Walz and Miss Henrietta
A. Stricher. This kdy was born in Mecklenburg,
Germany, November 20, 1846, Ijeing the fifth in
a family of six children. Her brother and sisters
are named Soiihia, Louis, Louisa, Carolina and
Fredericka. Her i)arents, Frederick and -^ophia
(Freier) Stricher,were born in the Duch^- of Meck-
lenburg and lived there until the latter part of the
'50s when they emigrated to America. They came
to this county and located in Green Garden Town-
ship, whence tliey afterward removed to New

^/^ J^:^J<e-^.o.^

PORTRAIT A^lD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

225

Lenox Township wlu're Mr. Stricher died in 1880.
Mrs. Stricher is still living and makes her home
with our subject. Mrs. Walz was well educated
and from her honored parents received goo<l in-
struction in the princi|iles of right living and tiie
useful habits in which the (4erman women excel,
while her manners arc marked with'the friendliness
anil courtesy which everywhere win regard. Her
hn|i|iy union has resiflted in the birth of seven
children — Addie L., George A., Frank II., Arthur
L., Sadie A.. Florence F. and Fstella II. Of these,
Frank, Arthur and Sadie are dead.

Mr. Walz has lieen Iligiiway Commissioner and
School Director, in these public stations as in his
personal affairs exhibiting zeal and good judgment.
In politics, he is a Republican, firmly believing
that by that party the best interest of the Nation
will be advanced. The family- attends the Ger-
man Lutheran Cluirch, supporting it by means and
inlliience. It is needless to state that Mr. Walz is
highly respected, not simply because he is a man
< f means, but because his character is an honor-
■■ililc one. The younger members of his family are
worthy descendants of parents whom they regard
with loving reverence.

IMOTHY L. MILLER. No visitor to this
county would long be unfamiliar with the
name and personality of the gentleman above
uanicd, who is widely known to stockmen and
jthers as one to whom the advancement of the
L^altle interests in this section is largely due. He
lias undoubtedly done more to introduce fine Here-
'ord cattle than any other man in this vicinity,
mil ranks as one of the leaders in stock-raising in
.he entire State. Not less than !t;iOO,000 has been
spent by him in this direction, and at all the
jrominent expositions he carries off his share of
aurels on the stock exhibited. He became promi-
lent as the owner of the famous bull. Success,
vhich has a wonderful record for his fine descend-
uits, and went far to popularize the noble breed.
Mr. Miller began the introduction of Herefords
n the spring of 1872, when he introduced Sir

Charles, No. 543, from the Province of Ontario,
Canada. He subsequently became the owner of
Success, whom he imported from Herefordshire,
England, by the side of his dam when he was three
months old. This animal was regarded as thegreat-
cst of his breed in the world, Lord Wilton of Eng-
land not excepted. Mr. Miller refused |!2.0,000
for him, and kept him until his death in the fall of
188G.

Mr. Miller claims that eighty per cent, of his
herd are daughters and granddaughters of this
famous animal. The present head of the herd is
Conqueror, the son of Success from Leonora III.,
the dam being the sister of Mrs. Edwards Leonora,
which was regarded as the best cow of England.
Foremost among the other animals are Dictator
and Grove Turner, the latter being the grandson
of Lord Wilton on the sire's side and of Grove
III. on the dam's side. The entire herd consists
of about two hundred fine animals, three-fourths
of whicli are cows and heifers, and represent some
of the finest strains in this country.

Mr. Miller was born in Middletown, Conn., April
7, 1817, and is a representative of fine old New
England families of English and German descent.
He grew to manhood in his native place, receiving
as good an education as New England afforded in
her common schools. He removed to Summit
County, Ohio, in 1842, purchasing his first land
two years later, and living upon it until 1856. He
then came to Illinois, immediately after the com-
pletion of the Illinois Central Railroad, securing
Government land in this county. His first pur-
chase was two hundred and forty acres, which was
subsequently increased until his estate amounted
to over six hundred acres, all of which is highly
improved and about half drained by tiling. All
of the outbuildings are first-class, the immense
stock barn being one hundred and eighty feet
square, and so arranged as to shelter three hun-
dred head of cattle and feed to supply the whole.
The residence is one of the largest in the State,
being two hundred and four feet long; it is built
in sections, the main building on the west, office in
the center, contains twenty-five sleeping rooms,
.ind is well designed for the pleasure and accommo-
dation of the household and the numerous visitors

226

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

who enjoy its hospitality. A cellar is built under
the entire edifice.

The father of our subject was Timothy B. Miller,
a native of Middletown, Conn., and the son of
Peter Miller, who vvas born in Prussia and there
educated for the ministry. lie did not follow the
ministerial profession, but coming to America
when a young man, settled in Connecticut and de-
voted himself to business. lie married a Miss
.loj'ce, who came of I^nglisii parentage, and both
died in New England at an advanced age. Thej'
were members of the Episcopal Church. Timotliy
15. Miller early in life learned the business of a
siioe manufacturer, which he followed for some
years, later becoming a trader in meats, continu-
ing in this business during the remainder of his
active life. He removed to Ohio in 1846, dying
there a few years later.

In Middletown, Conn., the father of our subject
was married to Miss Mary Hughes Pierce, a native
of that city and tlie daughter of an English couple
who has resided in Boston dii'ring the Revolution-
ary AVar. They subsequently removed to Middle-
town, where Mr. Pierce for many years had the
management of a brewer3-. Mrs. Timothy B.
Miller after the death of her husband came to Illi-
nois, and lived with iier children in this State
until 1886, when she was called hence at the ad-
vanced age of eighty-six years. Her demise took
jilacc at tlie home of her daughter, Mrs. Edward
Mize, of Chicago. She and her liusband were
active members of the Episcopal Church. The}-
were the parents of si.K children, two of whom died
young and one in mature years. The survivors
are: our subject, who was the first-born; Charles
R., a business man of Brooklyn, N. Y. ; and the
daughter before named.

The first marriage of the gentleman with whose
name this sketch is introduced took place at the
bride's home in Mi Idletown, Conn. His chosen
companion was Miss Abigail 8. Elliott, who was
born in that place, was carefully reared by excel-
lent parents, and well educated. Her parents were
Clark and Alraira (Gillett) Elliott, who belonged
to prominent New England f.amilies and were also
natives of Connecticut. Mr. Elliott was a carriage-
maker in his early life, but in later years devoted

his attention to general merchandising. He died
in his native State when about three-score-and-ten
years old. INIrs. Elliott survived him some j-ears,
dying in 1888 at the ripe old age of ninety-five.
Both were members of the Congregational Church.

Their daughter, Mrs. Miller, shared her hus-
band's joys and sorrows until 1858, when in the
prime of life she was called from time to eternity.
She was the mother of five children, d3'ing at the
birth of the last, who was christened Henry, and
who died when three years of age. The surviving
offspring of this marriage are: Kate p]., wife of
George B. Wbodward, who has charge of the
branch house of the Fairbanks Scale Company in
St. Paul, Minn.; Abbie A., the wife of Frank
Gould, a wholesale merchant of Chicago, whose
residence is in Evanston; Mary P., wife of Albert C.
Heed, who resides in Crete, this county, and does
business as a broker in Chicago; and Timoth}' E.,
a farmer of Washington Township.

The lady who now presides over Mr. Miller's
home became his wife in Rockford, prior to which
time she had borne the name of Anna E. Hodges.
She was born in Clarendon, Vt., July 22, 1828,
being a d.aughter of Silas W. and Polly (Gillett)
Hodges. Her parents were natives of Vermont
and Connecticut respectively, and of New Eng-
land parentage. The father w.as a son of Dr. Silas
Hodges, a prominent physician who died in Clar-
endon in 1 804, at the age of sixty-one years. The
mother belonged to a family of seafaring people.
The old stock in both lines were Congregationalists
in religion. The parents of Mrs. Miller were mar-
ried in Rutland County, VI., and there the mother
died at the age of fifty-two years, and the father at
the age of sevent^'-two. He had been a farmer,
merchant and owner of a marble quarry.

Mrs. Anna Miller w.as educated in Holyoke,
Mass., and there acquired an excellent mental
training and development, together with a knowl-
edge of the high principles which should animate
womanhood. She came to Rockford, 111., after
reaching maturity. She is the mother of one child,
a daughter, Abbie, who died in infancy. She and
her husband have been members of the Congrega-
tional Church for many years. Mr. Miller is a
genial man who takes great pleasure in showing

PORTEAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

227

visitors over Lis fine estate, and his stock is by no
moans overlooked. The good cheer of the mansion
is dispensed with grace by his wife, whose culture
and refinement fit her for any circle of society.
Mr. Miller was formerly a Democrat, and was
President of the Hickory Club in Middletown,
Conn., in 1840, but since the organization of the
Republican part}' he has taken his place in its
ranks.

Elsewhere in this volume ai)pears a lithographic
portrait of Mr. Miller.

ILLIAM H. HUNTER, coal dealer in Jol-
r^iii let, is a native of this city, in which he
'^J was born August 1, 1854. He is a son of
Thomas R. and Lucinda (Smith) Hunter, the for-
mer of whom was born in Sullivan County, N. Y.,
February 2, 1818, and came to Will County, 111.,
in 1837. En route to this place he stopped at
Grand Haven, jNIich., for a time, and after arriving
in .Iiilict opened a smithy, he being a olanksmith.
In 1849 he was attacked by the gold fever, and
wt'iit to California, where he was very successful
during the one short year he remained there. On
his return, in 1850, he built a residence on the
corner of Oneida and Broadway Streets. In 1854,
ho began the pro|)agation of fruit, opening a nur-
sery in the southwestern part of the cit}-, which be
continued until 1882. He enjoj^ed the respect
and confidence of his fellow-citizens, and was twice
elected bj' them to a place in the city council,
ill' died April 22, 1888. His wife, the mother of
William H., died March 25, 1882.

The above-named Thomas R. Hunter was mar-
ried ,luly 23, 1845, to Miss Lucinda, daughter of
Hnrlon and Fatha Smith, both of whom were
early settlers of this countj', to which they had
come from Indiana, in 1835. For many years Mr.
Smith was a Justice of the Peace. Originally a
Tcnnesseean, in politics he was a pronounced Dem-
ocrat, and during the war. when he believed that
slavery was doomed, ho said he hoped he would not
lie spared to see the blnoks liberated. Although the
Emancipation Proclamation was issued prior to his

death he did not witness much of its effect, and
may almost be said to have realized his wish as he
died September 22, 1863. The union of Thomas
R. Hunter and Lucinda Smith was blessed b}- the
birth of two children: Fatha E., wife of J. Q. A.
King, of Kansas City, Mo.; and William H., of
whom we write. The devoted mother preceded
husband to her long home, dying March 15, 1882.
She also was a native of Tennessee. The ancestry
of the Hunter family is traced back to Scotland on
the one hand and through the Davenports to Col-
onists who came to America in the good ship "May-
flower."

The boyhood of our subject was passed in Jol-
iet in acquiring a common-school education, and
laying the foundation for the habits which mark
bis life. The coal trade possessed a great attraction
for him, and his first business venture was to pur-
chase an interest with Ferdinand Munch. A short
time afterward we find him in partnership with
Frey & Hawkins, and after a year of this associa-
tion, he bought out the interest of Mr. Frey, and at
the end of the second jear that of Mr. Hawkins.
From a comparativelj' small beginning, he built
up the coal trade to large dimemsions and was
compelled through increase of business to greatly
enlarge his facilities for handling "black dia-
monds."

From the smallest, the business of Mr. Hunter
has become the largest in the count}'. In 1881 he
associated Mr. O. W. Curtis with himself, but a
year ago again assumed entire control of the
trade. Step by step, through singleness of pur-
pose and the practice of strict integrity, Mr. Hunter
has climbed, round by round, the ladder of success.
He attends strictly to business, taking but little
part in politics, although an ardent Republican.
Socially he stands high in popular esteem.

He was married, November 13, 1878, to Miss
Mollie P. Turner, of Lockport, this county. Two
children have been born to them: Carrie L., Au-
gust 17,1870; and Robert Samuel, October 17,
1884.

S. S. Turner, the father of Mrs. Hunter, was a
native of Berwick, Pa., whence he came to Illi-
nois, in 1851. He was a moulder and pattern
maker, but finding little to do in this line, in the

-228

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

comparative!}' new West to which he had come, he
employed liimself in boat biiildinw and carpenter-
ing. At that time the heavy business done bj-
canal, made boat building a most desirable indus-
try. He died May 25, 1882, that being his six-
tieth birthday, llis first wife, the mother of Mrs.
Hunter, Mrs. Caroline Turner, had breathed her
last December 24,-1860.

^^^

THOMAS LARKIN. Among the well-regu-
lated homes of Joliet Township none have
' about them an air of greater comfort and
content than that which has been built up by the
joint efforts of Mr. Larkin and his estimable wife.
They make no pretensions to elegance in their
style of living, but have plenty to eat, drink and
wear and something laid by for a rainj' day. It is
possible that in their modest home there is vastly
more genuine happiness than is to be found in a
palace.

A native of County Galway, Ireland, Mr. Lar-
kin was born in the j'car 1838, and is tlie son of
Edwin and Mary (Kelle}-) Larkin, who were also
natives of the Emerald Isle and who spent their
entire lives there. Thomas lived with his parents
until a young man of twenty 3'ears and then re-
solved to seek his fortunes in America. Repair-
ing to Belfast, he embarked on a sailing vessel
which, after a journey of four weeks, landed him
safely in New York City. Soon leaving the great
metropolis, he turned his steps toward the far
West, coming to this county- and for two years
was in the employ of the Rock Island Railroad
Comi)an.y. After this he engaged in farming,
working by the month for about three years. At
the expiration of this time he had saved a little
money and taking unto himself a wife and help-
mate, rented a farm in Lockport Township, which
he operated successfully for several years. Next
he purchased the farm on which he now lives, se-
curins.' at first eighty acres and later added to his
landed possessions, so that besides this farm which
now embraces one hundred and thirt}' acres, lie
has eighty acres in Troy Township. The whole

is in ft good state of cultivation and the home
farm is supplied with neat and substantial build-
ings.

The marriage of Thomas Larkin and Miss Ellen
Goss was celebrated at the bride's home in Joliet
in the year 1859. Mrs. Larkin was born in
County Queens, Ireland, about 1840, and is the
daughter of Anthonj- and Catherine (Downy)
Goss who were likewise natives of that county,
where they spent their entire lives. The father
was a farmer by occupation and the parental fam-
ily comprised six children.

To Mr. and Mrs. Larkin there have been born
five children, all living and named respectively,
Edward, Mary, Thomas, Bernard and Agnes. Mary
is the wife of Frank McManus and the\- live in
Lockport Township. Mr. Larkin, politically is a
pronounced Democrat, well informed, progressive
in his ideas and possessing more than ordinary in-
telligence. He has served as School Director in
his district and Overseer of Highway's. Both lie
.and his estimable wife belong to the Catholic
Church. Mr. Larkin befure m.aking permanent
settlement crossed the Mississippi into Missouri,
but not liking the countiy returned and he thinks
there is no section which in all respects is equal
to the Prairie State.

NDUEW J. LINEBARGER. Probably
no section of country has advanced more
rapidl}' than that of Northern Illinois and
this has been wholly' owing to the character
of the men who first made settlement here. They
encountered manj' difficulties during the first years
of their sojourn in the Prairie State, but they came
equipped, not so much with worldly goods as the
spirit of resolution and perseverance which admitted
no such word as "fail." They battled with the
elements of a new soil, the i'lconvenience of rude
farming implements and imperfect transportation
of their produce, and have lived to see |>rosperity
smiling upon their labors.

He with whose name we introduce this sketch
deserves more than a passing mention in noting

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

229

the early settlers of Will Count}-. He is the sou of
one of its most worthy pioneers and was born at
ills fatlier's old homestead in Jackson Township,
January 7, 1834. His father, Henry Linebarger,
was a native of North Carolina while his mother
who bore tiie maiden name of Nancy Ilougham,
was a native of Ohio. Henry Linebari^er came to
Illinois in the fall of 1832, accompanied by his
brother George, then went back to Indiana, and in
the spring of 1833, returned to Will County,
where he spent the following summer and in the
fall of the year went back to Park County, Ind.,
for his family. They settled on section 21, Jack-
son Township, in the month of November, at a
time when the countrj^ was ver}^ thin!}- settled and
there they continued to live until called from their
earthly labors. The father died September 8,
1812, when comparatively- a young man. The
mother survived her husband for the long period
of thirty-tivu years, remaining a widow, and de-
()arted this life April 22, 1877.

To tiie parents of our subject there was born a
family of seven children, of whom Andrew J.,
was the third. He has been a life long resident of
Jackson Township and obtained his education
mostly in the log schoolhouse in the neighbor-
hood of his father's farm. After liie hitter's
death he remained with his mother until his mar-
riage. This interesting and important event
occurred April 30, 185G, at Joliet, 111., the bride
being Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph and
Frances (Hildebrand) Pliillips. Soon after their
marriage Mr. and Mrs. Linebarger settled upon
the land which they now own and occupy, and
which comprises four hundred and tiiirt\' five broad
acres on section 20. Here they have since made
their home. The household circle was completed
b}- the birth of three children, the eldest of whom,
a son, Lewis II., is a banker in Peotone, this State;
Laura is unmarried and remains with her parents;
Emma J., is the wife of J. R. McCleery, of O.xford,
Iowa.

The parents of Mrs. Linebarger were natives of
Germany, where they were reared aiw married.
Upon emigrating to America they settled in Mad-
ison Count}', N. Y., where the mother died in April
1881, and the father in October, 1888. Their

family consisted of eight children, of whom Mrs.
Linebarger was the next to the eldest. She like-
wise is a native of the Fatherland and was born
January 1. 1831. She was a child of twelve
years when coming to America with her par-
ents and was reared to womanhood in Madison
t'Ounty, N. Y. She has been the true liel|)m.ate of
her husband i)i all his worthy undertakings and
has assisted him materially in the accumulation of
their pr()i)orty. '

The Linebarger farm is one of the most valuable
in Will County, being improved with good build-
ings, fruit and shade trees and all the other appur-
tenances required by the progressive and indus-
trious agriculturist. Mr. Linebarger keeps himself
l)0Sled upon modern methods of agriculture and
avails himself of the most approved machinery in
the cultivation of his land. It is devoted largely
to grain raising, while Mr. Linebarger gives due
attention to the breeding of good grades of live
stock. He is conservative in politics, usually giv-
ing his support to the Democratic party. He has
never been an office-seeker, preferring to give his
time and attention to his farm and his family and
is looked upon as a peaceable and Law-abiding citi-
zen who has contributed his full quota to the gen-
eral welfare of the community. Our subject was
the first white child born in Jackson Township.

''LEXANDER V. PATTERSON. Among
the leading enterprises of Joliet may be

14 mentioned the livery business of Mr. Pat-
terson, which is cai-ricd on in that sys-
tematic manner which indicates in a marked
degree his adaptation to this calling. Prompt and
courteous in the treatment of his customers and a
straightforward man in all the relations of life, he
occupies an enviable position, both in business and
social circles.

The subject of this notice traces his ancestry to
one of the best nationalities on the face of the
globe — the Scotch- Irish, from which have emanated
qualities that on both continents have constituted
a large portion of their bone and sinew. Andrew

230

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Patterson, the fallier of our subject, was born in
County Tyrone, Ireland, but was of Scotch ances-
try. The mother bore the maiden name of Eliza
V.irner. She was also a native of County Tyrone
and of ancestry similar to that of her liusband.
Tliey spent their childood .and youth near tiie
jjlace of their birth, where they were married and
where they still live, the father engaged in agricul-
tural pursuits.

To the parents of our subject there was born a
family of ten children, nine of whom are living and
making their homes, five in the United States aud
four in Europe. Alexander V., the fourth in order
of birth, is a native of the same place as his par-
ents, and born in County Tyrone, October 16,
1862. He remained witii them until approaching
tlie twentieth year of liis age, and then, believing
that he could better himself in the United States,
left the old roof-tree April 26, 1882, embarking
for the promised land. Landing in New York City
on the 2d of May following, lie came directly to
Illinois, locating in Joliet, and for six months
thereafter was in the employ of his uncle, T. H.
Patterson. At the expiration of this time he en-
gaged as a fireman with the Michigan Central
Railroad Company, remaining thus occupied about
three years. The .loliet Steel Company next
claimed his services, and he remained with this
company until October, 1888.

Having now the wherewithal to embark in busi-
ness on his own account, Mr. Patterson secured a
goodly number of horses and vehicles, establishing
himself on Ottawa Street, occupying Nos. 208 and
210. His stables are equipped with modern con-
veniences and patronized liberally by the best
people of Joliet and vicinity. About the time of
starting his business, Mr. Patterson also formed
matrimonial and domestic ties, being wedded, Oc-
tober 2, 1888, to Miss Minnie M., daughter of the
late John and Melinde (Harelh) Stock. The j'oung
couple established themselves in a snug home on
Oneida Street, and are now the proud parents of a
little daughter, Linda L., who was born October
12, 1889.

Mrs. Patterson was born in August, 1868, in
Joliet, of parents who were both natives of Ger-
many. They emigrated to America in 1854 and

settled in Troy Township, where the father en-
gaged in farming. Mr. Stock died in March, 1881,
in Joliet. The mother liad passed away ten j'ears
prior to the decease of her husband, her death
taking place at Joliet , May .5, 1871. There was
born to them a family of four children, of wiiom
Mrs. Patterson was next to the youngest.

The paternal giandfather of our subject was
Jamos Patterson, who was born in Scotland and
who spent his last daj's in L^land. His wife bore
the maiden name of Jane Hawley. She also was
of Scotch birth and ancestry. They were married
in Scotland, whence they removed to Ireland,
where Grandfather Patterson engaged in farming.
On the maternal side of the house Grandfather
Alexander Yerner was a man of note in his day
and a Colonel in the British army. He married
Susan Rankin. Both were natives of Scotland,
whence they removed to Ireland and died in County
Tyrone.

Upon becoming a voting citizen. Jlr. Patterson
identified himself witli the Republican party, of
whose principles he is a warm supporter. Both he
and his estimable wife are members in good stand-
ing of the Central Presbyterian Church, of Joliel.
They have started out in the journey of life under
favorable auspices and with the good wishes of
hosts of friends.

GUIS METTERHAUSEN, publisher of Das
^ Yolkshlatt, is conducting the only German
i^ paper in Will County. It is a journal
largely patronized by the German residents of
Will County, being well edited and devoted to
local interests while expounding in a clear and
decided manner the principles of the best interests
of the people, independent of anj' political party.
The subject of this notice was born January 21,
1840, in the town of Gilten, Hanover, and lived
there until a young man of twenty-five years, ac-
quiring a good education, and following the profes-
sion of a teacher. In October, 1865, he emigrated
to the United States and first located in Nai)erville,
III. Subsequently he was in Detroit, Mich., Cleve-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

231

hind, Oliio, Chicago and Beeclier, 111. prior to lo-
cating in Joliet where he settled in October, 1889,
at which time he moved Dns VolksblnU from
Boecher where it liad been estahlished in May,
1882. At Beeeher, he was a prominent man, hold-
ing the offices of Postmaster and School Treasurer
and Ti'ustee. When first locating at Beeeher in
18G9, he established liimself as a general merchant
and eonductetl the store in eonncflion with other
business until his removal.

Mr. Metterhausen was married May 6, 1871, to
INIiss Minnie Klnsmeyer at Pjeecher, 111., and they
are now the jiarents of three bright children —
Carl, born Ainil (!, 1872; Charlotte, February 9,
187C, and Emil, March 31, 1881. Mrs. Metter-
hausen is likewise a native of Germany and born
in the Province of Hanover, November 6, 1853.
She came to America with her parents wlien a
young girl of fourteen years. They settled in
Washington Township, this county; tiie father is
deceased and the mother resides in Chicago.

iiOBIAS FAILS. Through the efforts of such
men as Tobias Fahs, the prairie lands of
Peotone Township, that once were covered
with the rank growth of coarse grasses and brilliant
wild flowers, have become the fertile fields, fruitful
orchards and velvety lawns of an advanced civili-
zation. The farm which is the home of our sub-
ject lies on section 14, and is furnished with all
needful buildings and the other improvements
which indicate to the passer-by that it is under the
control of a man of industr}', good judgment and
taste.

The Fahs family' is of .Swiss stock, and has been
represented in America for several generations. In
Maryland, Abraham Fahs, the father of our subject,
was born and made his home during his entire life.
He was a whitesmith bj" trade. He married Elizabeth
Siess, a native of the same State, daughter of
George Siess, a blacksmith, who in later life became
a large farmer and the owner of several farms.
Abraham Fahs died in 1813, and the widow subse-

quently married Conrad Willhide. She died in
1832, and Mr. Willhide in 1839. The fruit of her
first marri.age was four children, all now deceased
except our subject. Her second marriage was also
blessed by the birth of four children, of whom one
is deceased.

The subject of this biograpliical review w.as born
September 2, 181 1, in Frederick County, Md. He
attended a subscription school about two months
in the winter season, and even in boyhood had to
work very hard on his stepfather's farm. His ex-
periences were the ordinary ones of a farmer's boj-,
and his time and labor were given to his stepfather
until he was nineteen years of age. He then bought
some mountain land, and worked in the limber,
getting out bark, posts and cooper's stuff for five
or six years. In 1841 he removed to Perry County,
Pa., where his brother had a large tanuery, working
there eight years as a finisher of leather, and dur-
ing tlie last two years tending a store of his
brother.

The health of Mr. Fahs became somewhat im-
paired, and he was obliged to return to farm labor,
as better suited to his constitution. He operated a
farm in Pennsylvania until 1856, then came to Illi-
nois, settling in Knox County, but sojourned there
but a year. lie then came into Will County, pur-
chased a farm on section 14, and began his labors
as one of the pioneer farmers of the township.
The section was iiut tliinlj' settled, and although
the country is level, he could see but two houses
from his home. His farm was all raw land, which
he placed in good condition, retaining it in his pos-
session until some three j-ears since. Since that
time he has made his home with his son, Corne-
lius L.

Mr. Fahs was fortunate in his choice of a life
companion, securing for his wife Miss Araminta
Willyard, oldest child of Peter and Elizabeth
(Miller) Willyard, natives^ of Maryland. Miss
Araminta was born in Frederick County, Se[)tera-
ber 22, 1812, receiving a common-school education
and a training in useful accomplishments and good
principles from her worthy parents. Of the seven
brothers and sisters who once composed the familj^
circle, she and two others are all that now survive.

The union of Mr. and Mrs. Fahs was celebrated

232

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

April 3, 1833, and ton eliilrlren have come to bless
tlieir happy home. Tli(;se who have been reared
to mature years are Harriet S., wife of Christ.
Schryer, their home being one mile south of Peo-
toue, and their family including- five children;
James A., w1k> married Huth E. Wlnslow, lias one
child, an:! lives at Hinckley; Elizabeth, widow of
August Cliase, has one child; .lulia, wife of John
Gloss, and mother of seven children, their home
being in Carbondale, Kan.; Maria, wife of the Rev.
Joseph J. Tobias, of Chicago, and mother of two
children; the Rev. David W., who married Jennie
Kerr, lives at LeMars, Iowa, and has three children;
Cornelius and Amelia, who are still single and at
home.

Cornelius Fahs disi)lays mari<ed talent as^ an
artist, doing beautiful work in free-hand drawing,
without instruction, and .also [jainting in oil and
water cohjrs exceedingly well. He has taken two
painting lessons from the artist IJigclow, of Cliicago.
Many specimens of his work adorn the walls of
the home, and afford jileasure to his parents and
many friends. All of llie brothers and sisters iiave
received a good commf)nschool education and lake
advantage of the means afforded by the |>rcss to
add to their store of knowledge and keep pace with
the world.

Mr. and Mrs. Fahs, their childien and their sons-
in-law and daughters-in-law belong to the Presby-
terian Church. The only exception is the Rev. J.
J. Tobias, who is identified with the Metiiodist
Episcopal denomination. All are actively interested
in the Sunday-school, in which the father has been
a teacher. He is an Elder in the church. He has
been School Director and School Trustee for many
years, manifesting the interest in the cause of edu-
cation which would naturally be expected of a
gentleman as intelligent as he. The first school
in this localitj' was on his farm, the first teacher
being Ruth E. Winslow, now Mrs. J. A. Fahs.
The Rev. J. J. Tobias was also a teacher in the
same school.

Mr. Fahs was elected Township Supervisor, serv-
ing in that ofHce two terms. He has always been
strongly on the side of temperance, and has be-
longed to a temperance society. In politics he has
been a Whig, a Know-Nothing and a Republican.

Duinng the Civil War he was a warm advocate of
the Union cause, supporting it very liberally with
money as well as with his personal influence. He
helped to organize the first church in this neighbor-
hood, and was one of the charter members. His
religion is not put on as a Sunday garment, hut is
a clothing for every-day life; his tastes are refined,
his mind agluw with intelligence, and take him all
in all, he is one who may well be taken as a model
citizen and man.

-^r

DWARD JARMAN is managing his farming
interests in DuPage Township with satis-
11^ — --^ factory results. He is a native of Wales,
born August 21, 181G, and on his fatiier's side
coming of a well-known old family of exclusively
Welsh origin. His parents, Edward and Martha
Jarman were likewise natives of that country. He
was but a year old when his father died. His
mother survived her husljand several years; her
death occurring after our subject had been in
America for a long time. He was the youngest of
four children and was reared in his native land by
his mother's brothers, making his home with them,
more or less until he came to this country. His
father was a farmer and he was bred to that pur-
suit.

Starting out in life with no capital excepting his
ph3'sical and mental endowments, in 1867, thinking
that he could better his condition in this great
Republic, he took passage for this country at Liv-
erpool and, after a voyage of thirteen and one-half
days, first set foot on these shores in the great me-
tropolis of the country. Rightly believing that his
best chances for carrying on his calling as a farmer
were in Illinois, he came directly to this State. He
began his life here bj' working out for others and
was thus engaged for seven years. For more
than two years he was in the employ of Reuben
Smith, and afterward worked for Jonathan Royce
about four years, and for nearly three years farmed
that gentleman's place on shares. After that for
five j^ears he farmed on shares in Wheatland
Township, and in 1882 came to this township to

'^^Z^/l^l^

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAI'HICAL ALBUM.

235

take up liis residence. lie located first on section
7, made his abode tliere tvvo j'ears and tiien settled
or. his present farm on section 19. He has more
tlian one luindred and ninety-tliree acres of land, of
which one luindred and throe acres comprise the
liome farm. 1'his is already under excellent culti-
vation and yields, in repa3Mnent for liis hard laliors,
fine harvests. It supplieil with suitable l)uildings
and Mr. Jarman has good machinery' to carr^- on
his farm work.

By his marriage, November 15, 1873, with Miss
Mar}- A. Campbell, a native of Ireland, our subject
secured the co-operation of a cheerful hel|ier and
active wx)rker. Three children. Gertie, Mary and
Lulu, have blessed their mai-riage to them.

As we have seen, Mr. Jarman has had his own
way to make in the world, and that he has done
well so far is evinced by the condition of his es-
lata. He possesses a fair share of energy, acumen
and thrift, and a knack of working to the best ad-
vantage, ;uid these, with other attributes, have
contributed to his prosperity. He is a man of
intelligence, is well posted in general affairs, and
manifests proper public spirit. He has done good
service .as School Director. He interests himself
sufficiently in the politics of his adopted country
to take sides with the Republican party.

iDMUND WiLCOX. For a period of thir-
teen years 'Squire Wilcox has officiated as
Justice of the I'eace in Joliet, being elected
to this office in the spring of 1877, and serving
continuously by re-elections since that time. He
was elected each time by an almost unanimous
vote, and at the last election received all but fifty
of the ballots cast. One year he received twenty-
three hundred out of about twenty-four hundred
votes cast. Although a pronounced Democrat,
his name was on all the tickets of all parties and
these facts indicate his popularity among the peo-
()le of this count}-. He keeps one of the neatest
dockets ever opened, there being scarcely a blot on
all the pages on which he has entered records for
the last thirteen years. Socially and in business

circles he is a universal favorite, being of genial
and obliging disposition, and making friends where
ever he goes.

The subject of this notice was born September
18, 1816, in Onondaga County, N. Y., and is thus
ai)iiroaching the seventy-fourth year of liis age. He
is the offspring of an excellent family, being the
son of Loammi and Hnnuah (I'adilock) Wilcox,
who were natives respectively of Connecticut and
Washington County, N. Y. The father was a
farmer by occupation and met an accidental death
in Onondaga County in 1830, at the age of fifty
years. The parental household consisted of four
children, of whom Edmund was the second born.
His younger brother, Harvey, of Los Gatos, Cal.,
is now deceased; Cordelia W., Mrs. Clement, re-
sides in Joliet; Caroline, the wife of Dr. Wilson,
died j'n her native county; Loammi Wilcox was a
carpenter by trade, which he followed, however,
but a few years, finally engaging in the more con-
genial occupations of farm life. The Wilcox fam-
ily was an old and prominent one in New England.
The district school afforded Mr. Wilcox his early
ecbication and later he entered Hamilton College
at Clinton, N. Y., from which he was graduated in
1835. The following year he came to Joliet, and
for thirty years thereafter was engaged in the dry-
goods business, being part of the time associated in
partership with his brother-in-law, Mr. Clement.
He has always signalized himself as a progressive
and public-spirited citizen and for ten years was
President of the Gas Company, superintending the
construction of their building and being otherwise
prominent in its management, and for a number of
years was a prominent member of the City Council.
In making the journey hither from New York State
he traveled overland by team, sometimes in a
wagon and sometimes on a sled, it being in winter,
and accompanied by three other young men. He
thus had a full ex[)erience of pioneer life and has
been the interested witness of the transformation
of this section of the country from a wilderness
into the abode of a civilized and prosperous people.
After becoming a resident of Joliet Mr. Wilcox
was married March 26, 1845, to Miss Sarah M.,
daughter of Joseph and Electa (Chauncey) Green.
The parents of Mrs. AVilcox came to this State

236

I'ORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

from AVasliingtoii County, N. Y., sfittling in Mc-
Heiiry County. During bis younger years Mr.
Green engaged in mercliandising, but after coming
to Illinois, turned his attention to agricultural pur-
suits. Mr. and Mrs. Green spent their last years in
Blue Island, Cook County. Mrs. Wilcox was born
July 23, 1825, in Washington County, N. Y., and
remained a member of her father's household until
her marriage. Of her union with our subject there
was born a family of seven children, three of whom
died in infancy: Alvin C. who died May II, 1873,
leaving one child, now the wife of H. E. Porter, of
Joliet.; William G., is Cashier of the First National
Bank; Frederick C. is engaged as a luml/er dealer,
manager and partner of the firm of Wilcox Bros. ;
Charles C. is the City Clerk of Joliet. Mrs. Sarah
M. Wilcox departed this life at her home in Joliet,
March 12, 1890. at the .age of sixty-four years.

The long period during which Mr. Wilcox has
resided in Will County has made him well known
to the citizens, who will therefore welcome his por-
trait as a valued addition to the Album.

:| SALTER PADDOCK, a pioneer

\rJ/l' years standing, established h

W^J resident of Homer Township,

!^,ALTER PADDOCK, a pioneer of fifty-two

himself as a
this county,

in February, 1838, and he Las since resided within
its limits. The country was then in wide contrast
to its present condition and no man has looked
with warmer interest upon its |)rogress and develop-
ment than he with whose name we introduce this
sketch. He h.as had a full experience of life in the
early days and by his industry and his good quali-
ties as a citizen, has contributed his full quota to
the growth and progress of his adopted township.
No man in the townshi[) has made for himself a
better record and none are held in higher esteem.
The subject of this notice was the fifth in a fam-
ily of fourteen children, the offspring of Jonathan
and Mercy (Weaver) Paddock, and was born in
Camillus, Onondaga County, N. Y., August 19,
1817. He remained a resident of his native county
until a youth of eighteen 3'ears and afterward lived
iu Cayuga County two years. Then, in February,

1838, he emigrated to Illinois and has since been a
resident of Homer Township, this county.

The early years of Mr. Paddock were spent in a
comparativel}' uneventful manner, in attendance at
the district school and le.irning tlie various arts
pertaining to farm life. He was content to adopt
this as his life vocation and has been uniformly
successful as a tiller of the soil, securing a home
and a competence for his declining years. When
nearly thirty years of age be was married in Homer
Township February 25, 1817, to Miss Jane S.
daughter of the late T. T. and Mary (Ilollenback)
Roberts, who were natives of Vermont.

After marriage the newly wedded [)air settled
on a farm on section 21, Homer Township, whence
in 1849, they removed to that which they now
own and occup}'. The household circle was com-
pleted by the birtli of five children, the eldest of
whom, a son, George A., died September 9, 1887,
at the age of thirty nine years. Jerome is farming
in Homer Township; Florence died when three
3'ears old; Elmer E. and Merton F., are farming
in Homer Township. Politically', Mr. Paddock is
in accord with the principles of the Republican
party. He has represented Homer Township in the
County Board of Supervisors for a period of six
years and has also officiated as Assessor several
terms. The cause of education has ever found in
him a firm friend. He has officiated as a School
Trustee, also as Highway Commissioner aud Towti-
ship Collector, and to whatever position he lias
been called, he has fulfilled its duties in a manner
creditable to himself and satisfactory to all con-
cerned. Mrs. Paddock belongs to the Congrega-
tional Church in Homer Township.

The father of our subject was Jonathan Paddock,
a native of Washington County, N. Y., who mar-
ried jNIiss Mercy Weaver, who was also born in the
Empire State. The parents were married in Wash-
ington County and settled in Onondaga County,
whence the^' removed later to the town of Aurelius,
in Cayuga County, where they both died at the age
of sixty-six 3'ears. N.ine of their children lived to
become men and women; seven are now living and
residents mostly of Michigan, New York and Illi
nois.

Mrs. Paddock was born March 1 1, 1825, in Men-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

237

(Ion. IMonroe County, N. Y., and was the third in a
family of eight children. Siie came with her parents
to Illinois about 181.5. The latter were natives of
Vermont and after their removal to New Yf)rk
.State with their respective i)arenls were residents of
Monroe and Niagara Counties. Mrs. Roherts de-
parted this life at Lemont, 111., a few years ago.
Mr. Roberts died in Momencc about 1851. They
were most worthy and estimable people, enjoying
the resiicct of all who knew them.

♦^^^

\f ACOB KARCH. One of the most enter|)ris-
ing and public-spirited farmers of Frankfort
Township is the gentleman above named,
whose pleasant home is located on section
25. His estate comprises one hundred and sixty
broad and fertile acres, which under his careful and
intelligent control produce abundantly and make
their c\dtivation both pleasant and profitalile. A
full line of farm buildings is conveniently dis-
posed, and a fine orchard supi)lies an abundance of
fruit as well as adorning the farm with its pleasing
shade and waving boughs. Mr. Kareh raises grain
and cattle and a good grade of draft horses, of
which he keeps about fifteen head.

This gentleman is of German ancestry, his father,
Heury ,1. Karch, having been born near Frank-
fort on the Rhine. He was a baker there but after-
ward engaged in hotel-keeping until 1838, when he
came to America and located in Herkimer County,
N. Y. There he continued the occupation of an
hotel koe|)er and also conducted a farm finally
opei-ating one hundred acres. In 1850 he changed
his location to Will Coiint3', 111., buying two hun-
dred and forty acres on section 36, Frankfort
Township. Here be broke the soil and made all the
improvements, carrying his produce to Chicago bj'
teams and consuming three daj's in the tri[). He
was a ver^' successful farmer and eventually be-
came the owner of five hundred and sixty acres of
land which is divided into three improved farms.
He held township oftices at various times, built the
first school-house and church in his vicinity and
manifested a high degree of public spirit. He be-

came well-known as a straightforward business
man. In |)olitics he was a strong Republican and
in religion a mend)er of the German Methodist
IO|iiscopal Church in which he was Class-Leader and
otherwise prominent. He died on his homestead in
1888, at the advanced age of eighty years.

The wife of Henr3' Karch was Catherine Feeter,
who was l)orn in Bayren, (Jermany, and who died
on the home farm four weeks after her Inisliand.
She had borne eight children named respectively,
Catherine, Caroline, Henry, Charles, Jacob, Martin,
IMargaret and Fred. Henry was a member of the
One Hundredth Illinois Infantiy, in which he en-
listed in 1 8G2, and w-as killed at the battle of Chick-
aniauga.

The gentleman with whose name we introduce
this sketch was born on the Mohawk River, near
Frankfort, Herkimer County, N. Y., September 5,
1816. He was but four years old when his father
removed to the Prairie State, the journey being
performed by rail to Chicago and by team to the
farm in this county. Here the lad grew to man-
hood amid the usnal surroundings of a farmer's
son and was early set to work in the fields. His
education was received at what was known as
'vSkunk's Grove Knowledge Shop," an old log
schoolhouse with slab benches and the other prim-
itive furnishings common in new settlements.

During the boyhood and youth of our subject
wild game was still plentiful in the vicinity of his
home and oxen were used upon the farms, several
yoke being attached to the breaking plows, and
which he learned to drive. On ouc occasion when
about fourteen years of age he was sent to Chicago
to sell a yoke of fine large oxen. On the way he
had to cross a creek which was frozeu over and the
cattle refused to go upon the ice. As soon as they
came to the edge of the stream they woidd back
and in spite of his efforts they continued this
process for about an hour when the bo3- thought of
a scheme by which he could get them across. Turn-
ing them with their heads toward home he backed
them on to the ice and as soon as they saw it before
them, they continued the backing process very
rapid 1 J'.

Young Karch remained at work for his father
until about twenty-four years old when he took

238

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

personal control of the farm, continuing it some
Ibree years. He then purchased his present place,
tlie quarter section having no improvements except
the breaking. The soil being all tillable except
what is left in the timber and the owner having tiie
knowledge and experience of a practical farmer, he
soon brought it to its present condition of beauty
and worth. The lady to whom he owes the com-
fort of his home life was known in her maidenhood
as Miss Louisa Schraeder. She was born on board
a Mississipi)i steamer when her i)arents were com-
ing from New Orleans. Her father, Martin Schrae-
der, was formerly a farmer at Blue Island, Cook
County, but is now residing in Chicago, having be-
come well-to-do and retired from his active labors
four years since.

The marriage of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Karch was
celebrated in tliis county in 1873, and has lieen
lilest by the birth of six children named respectively,
Albert, Laura, diaries, Carrie, Lydia and Artliur.
Their home being but two miles from Frankfort,
they have excellent advantages which combine tlic
best of country and town life, and their children arc
being well reared and educated. Mr. Karch was
School Director nine years and was the means of
placing the school on the improved footing in
which it is now carried on. He belongs to tiie
Methodist Episcopal Church at Frankfort, in which
he has been Steward and Trustee. In politics he is
a stanch Republican. His personal popularity is
great and all recognize his worth as a man and cit-
izen.

ON. MICHAEL COLLINS. Day by day
I) each human being is building a monu-

ment more enduring than Time itself —
one which for grandeur and sublimity
depends entirely upon the subject and is in no wise
affected by what '• they " say or do. This is the
monument of a life, and the pleasing task of the
biographical writer is to set this upon the printed
page. When the mind and bean of men are
attuned to noble deeds and upward growth, it needs
not that we add to the simple record what would
but "gild refined gold " but to call attention only

to wliat has been done in l)usiness, ottice or society,
anil the traits that a personal acquaintance will
reveal.

The Irish race is honored in the person of the
gentleman named above, who is now engaged in
business in Peotone, owning a large grain elevator
there, and also holds membership on the Chicago
Board of Trade. He is a self-made man, as will
be seen, and the reason therefor understood by fol-
lowing the facts of the parental histor}-. His
parents, John and Bridget (IMulvihill) Collins,
were born in County Clare, Ireland, the one in
1815 and the other in 1817, the father being a
gardener in bis own land. They were married in
1843, and became the parents of five children —
Miciiael; John, deceased; Martin, who is in the
hardvvare business in Peotone; Thomas, Illinois
Central Agent at Grand Crossing; and Mary, wife
of William T. Shaffer, a farmer in Wayne County.

When the Emerald Isle was sorely afflicted by
famine in 1848, Mr. Collins came, to America and
obtaining work on the Vermont Central Railroad
earned money to send his suffering family and
finally to bring the mother and two sons — the fam-
ily then — across the briny deep. A temporary
home was ma<le in the Green Mountain State,
whence they removed to Canada. There the fatlier
worked-on the Great Western Railroad for six years
or until its completion, then locating in Fayette
County, 111., where he still resides. He helped to
build Ihe Illinois Central Railroad, continuing his
arduous laltors until about a dozen years ago. He
is still active, bearing his years well, but his wife
is not in robust health. They were not able to
bestow upon their children all the advantages that
would be possible if they were young now, but
gave them good advice and what education they
could.

Michael Collins was born in County Clare, ne.ar
the historic ground of tlie Shannon River, October
15, 1845, and was about five years old when
brought to America. The schooling he received
was barely sufficient to give him an understanding
of the rudiments of education, but since attaining
manliood.hc has diligentl}' applied himself to study
and made wonderful progress. He has carried on
a systematic course of general rciading, including

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

239

law, politics and ethics; aiul has collected one of
the finest and best selected libraries in this locality.
It contains standard works on almost every con-
ceivable subject, scarcely a topic referred to in his
home being without its volume for consultation.

When sixteen years old young Collins l)cgan life
for himself by securing a, clerkship in a store at
Farina, Fayette County. The opportunity for ad-
vancement seemed limited and his ambition led
him to desire a broader field. He therefore went
to Kinniundy, Marion Count}', where he learned
telegraphy and station work on the Illinois Central
line. In 18G3, he was appointed night operator at
<!ilman, Iroquois County, and a month later w.is
transferred to Makanda, Jackson County, as agent
and operator for the Illinois Central Railroad. He
performed the duties of the oHice but a year when
on account of fever and ague he obtained a trans-
fei' to Peotone, where he added the duties of ox-
press agent to those he had formerly carried on.

For twelve years Mr. Collins held the position
here, satisfying his employers and the public, and
he then resigned in favor of his brother Thomas,
himself entering into the grain and h.ay business
in company with Robert Rains, under the firm
name of Rains & Collins. In 1875, the connec-
tion was dissolved and a new partnership formed,
the firm of Schrocder, Smith & Collins embarking
in the sale of general merchandise and carrying it
on five years. During that time our subject and
Mr. Schroeder were also connected in the grain
business, the style of the firm being Collins and
Schrocder.

The same year that Gen. Garfield was elected to
the Presidency, Mr. C'oUins made the race in this
district for the Legislature and was elected on the
Republican ticket by a large raajorit}'. His record
in the Thirty-second General Assemblj' of Illinois
is one of an opponent of all ring jobs, unnecessary
and extravagant ai)iiropriations, and the friend of
every means of real development and moral growth,
lie has held local offices for many years and his
popularity is indicated in the fact that he has
repeatedly defeated candidates of the German race
which predominates in his locality. He has been
Sujiorvisor of Peotone Township for years, has
also been Chairman of the County Hoard, member

of the Village Board and School Director. He has
likewise been Justice of the Peace, although he
read law for purely business purposes and not
with the intention of practicing it other than in
his own affairs.

The same fall that he was elected to the legisla-
ture, Mr. Collins sold out his interest in the gen-
eral merchandise business and bought out his part-
ner in the grain trade, to which he has given his
exclusive attention as a means of support and gain.
The trade has constantly grown in his hands, the
month of May, 1890, having brought him $20,000
in business in Peotone. In connection with that
business he holds a membership in the Chicago
Board of Trade, thus being able to operate among
the bulls and bears of the grain market that almost
rules the deals of the country. Mr. Collins also
has a half interest in the Tile Works at Peotone,
and a share with his brother in the hardware busi-
ness.

Mr. Collins was fortunate in his choice of a life
comp.anion,gaining for his wife Miss Caroline Foike,
who became Mrs.Collins,December 2,1869. She looks
well to the ways of her household, graciously pre-
sides over the tasteful dwelling, and surrounds her
family with the joys of home only possible to a
true and devoted woman. She was born May 22,
1852, was educated in the common schools and
belongs, like her husband, to the Presbyterian
Church. Her father, Dr. Henry Folkc, was a prom-
inent ph3'sician of this county for many years; he
died in 1879. Her mother bore the maiden name
of Louisa Klinsman and is still living, making her
home with ftlr. and Mrs. Collins. Dr. and Mrs.
FoIke were born in German}' whence they came to
America many years ago.

To Mr. and Mrs. Collins three children have been
born — Kittle, Grace and Paul. Miss Kittle was
graduated from the Peotone High School in 1890,
and will take a course of instruction in instrument-
al and vocal music at Lake Forest University, near
Chicago, next year. Miss Grace will accompany
her and take a classical and scientific course, while
it is the intention of the parents to give Master
Paul equally good opportunities as his years
increase.

Mr. Ct)llins is Elder and Trustee in the Presby-

240

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

terian Church nnd Superintendent of the Sunday
School. Miss Kiltie teaches the infant class. In
principles and practice, Mr. Collins is a temperance
man. He has been a Republican since he arrived
at manhood and was a member of the Union
League when it was dangerous, in Southern Illinois,
to belong to it or the Republican part}'. He has
taken an active part in conventions, county, State
nnd Congressional. He belongs to Peotone Lodge,
636, A. F. and A. M., in which he has occupied the
Secretary's chair man)^ times.

The residence of Mr. Collins was a purchase and
has been remodeled and beautified since he became
the owner. It is furnished throughout in accor-
dance with the taste of the occupants and is a pop-
ular gathering place for the best citizens. A few
years ago Mr. Collins platted Collins' Addition to
Peotone. He has owned several farms but only for
purposes of speculation, selling when good oppor
tunities came. When three years old he had the
small pox, and, taking cold, the disease settled in
his right side and limb, permanently crippling
him.

=ISi

!ai;?s

HIHE

if^^^HOMAS CULBERTSON. Tliis genlleman
is numbered among the old settlers of Will
County, in which his residence began in
1836, a few months after he liad attained his ma-
jority. The long years which he has spent here
have given him an extended acquaintance through-
out the count}', and he is well-known .is one whose
} ears have been spent in industry and good citi-
zensiiip. He is the youngest of ten children who
comprised the family of Thomas and Mary
(Wood) Culbertson, parents and children being-
natives of New Castle County, Delaware.

The eyes of our subject opened to the light Au-
gust 23, 1814, and his boyliood was passed in the
ljurtuit of knowledge and the home duties suited
lo liis years. AVhon sixteen years old he learned
the miller's trade, at which he was occu[)ied in liis
native State until he came to Joliet. Here he
found em|iloyment in the McKee mill, in which he
remaidcd until August, 1838, after which lie spent
two or tliree months in the Norman mill, the dam

of which was then taken out for the canal. He
then went to Wilmington, finding employment at
his trade in the mill of Dr. Bowen, and after
twelve months spent tjiere returned to Joliet and
entered the Robert Jones steam mill. There he
was engaged but a few weeks, leaving to settle on
Hickory Creek, where he engaged in milling for
himself. The old Red Mill having been begun
but left unfinished, Mr. Culbertson rented and fin-
ished it, operating it for two years prior to his
purchase of the property, which he continued to
manage until the summer of 1865. Since that
time he has followed different occupations, having
sold his mill a short time after he gave up oper-
ating it, and having since his marriage occupied
the homestead on section 12. His home is one
of comfort, the dw'elling being a cozy one, and
tlie Land which accompanies it sufficient in extent
to furnish farm products "enough and to spare"
fpr the use of the family. The little farm com-
prises thirteen acres, which under careful control
is of more value than many estates much greater
in extent.

In March, 1850, having been .attacked by gohl
fever, Mr. Culbertson, with several companions
left Joliet to cross tlie plains to California. Their
journey to the Eldorado and the experiences
which Mr. Culbertson passed through in the four
years of his residence upon the Coast, become
very interesting when graphically pictured by
himself, but it is not our purpose to attempt their
recital here. Suffice it to say that the mining to
which he devoted himself proved more lucralivp
than in the case of many who had left home and
friends and exposed themselves to danger and pri
vation in their search for tlie precious metal.

On November 19, 1856. in Joliet Townshi[), Mr.
Culbertson was united in marriage with Miss Mar-
tha M., daughter of Lewis and Mary (Runyon ) Ker-
cheval. The bride was born in Preble County,
Ohio, October 9, 1824, and was six years of age
when brought by her parents to the Prairie State,
their settlement being made in New Lenox Town-
ship, tills county, where they abode until death.
Mr. Kercheval was a native of A'irginia and his
wife of Kentucky. They had ten children, of
whom Mrs. Culbertson is the fifth in order of

PORTRAIT BIOGRAPHICAL AND ALBUM.

241

birtli. Slie had the advantage of exccileut home
trftinini>-, acquiring many useful arts, together
with the qualities of disposition and character
wliieli malie her respected and admired, and wiiich
liave been a potent factor in the comfort of liome
life. She has borne her husband three children —
Thomas E., Mary E. and Anne E. The son is now
book-keeper for Sanger & IMoody, in Chicago;
Mary is the wife of Wilbur 11. Smith, of Joliet;
Anne died when aliout nineteen months old.

l\Ir. Cull)erlson lias served both as School Direc-
tor and School Trustee, fulfilling the duties of the
offices in a creditable manner, and evincing a deep
interest in the progress of education. In politics
he is a Democrat. Both himself and wife have
man>' warm friends in the county, and although
they are highl}' regarded for the labors of their
eai'lier years and their record as old settlers, the
respect in which tiiey are held is due still more to
their i)Ieasant naf\ires and upright chai'acters.

.^ilfi%..

bEVI M. CLAYES. This name represents
one of the oldest living pioneers of Will
County. lie came to this region as early
as 1832, when the present site of Joliet was covered
with weeds fifteen feet higli. The main thorough-
fare through this part of the country' terminated
at Lockport, which was a hamlet of half a dozen
shanties located near the river. ^Ir. Clayes took
up a tract of riovernment land in the vicinity of
Lockport, and after making some improvements
left it and went to Chelsea, now Frankfort, where
he esLablished a store of general merchandise,
having mostly the i-ed men of the forest for his
customers.

Mr. Clayes likewise was one of the first Postmas-
ters in Will County, and conducted the office and
his store until failing health compelled him to a
change of occupation. He then turned his atten-
tion to farming on the section of land of which he
was the owner and became well-to-do, bringing a
large portion of Lis land to a good state of culiva-
tion and putting up fine buildings. He also set out

an orchard with numbers of other fruit and shade
trees, while about one mile south grew up by de-
grees the town of F'rankfort.

In March, 18G8, Mr. Clayes sold out and re-
moved to another farm belonging to him and lo-
cated in the same section. There also he operated
a steam sawmill and in this manner dis|)0sed of
about eighty acres of oak and walnut timber. The
Rock Island Railroad furnished him al)undant ship-
ping facilities and he realized from this venture
handsome returns. He remained there until wisely
deciding to lessen his labors and cares, and in 1873
removed to Joliet .and erected a large fine house at
the intersection of Scott and Webster Streets. This
forms one of the most attractive homes of the city.
The dwelling stands back from the street and in
front of it is an extensive lawn while the general
surroundings of the place indicate the cultured
tastes and ample means of the proprietor. Mr.
CLaj'es is the owner of other valuable city iiroperty
and a farm in Green Garden Township, besides real
estate in Wilmington. He has accumulated his
jrosscssions by his own industry and economy, hav-
ing at the start no resources but those with which
nature h.ad endowed him. He has had little time
to meddle with political matters, aside from giving
his unqualified support to the Republican party.

During his younger years Mr. Cla3-es enjoyed in
more tlian an ordinar}'. degree youthful |)leasures
and recreations, and in com[)any with Mr. Stillman,
inaugurated the first ball ever given in the county.
The invitations were gotten up in fine style, the
paper being embellished with the United States
coat-of-arms and the American eagle. They were
headed "Union Hall" and read as follows: "The
man.agers present their compliments and respect-
fully solicit the company of at the Joliet

Hotel, Thursd.ay, the 24th inst., at 3 o'clock, P.jM.,
fall of 1834.

O. W. Stillman, J. W. Biowu, (). T. Rogers, L.
M. Clayes, S. S. Chamberlain, C. Sa^'re, A. Castle,
R. Nixon, S. Munson, Man.agers. ,

O. W. Stillman, L. M. Clayes, Floor Managers."

The suliject of this notice was born February 8,
1808, in New Hampshire, and is the son of Peter
and Lois Clayes, who were natives of Scotland and
Massachusetts, respectivelj', and spent their last

242

PORTltAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

j-ears in Frankfort, Will County. Peter Clayes
was the original manufacturer of the Chickering
Pianos at iS'evv Ipswich, N. H. L. M. when a young
man removed to Pittsford near Rocliestcr, N-. Y.
When reaching manhood he repaired to Pittsburg,
Pa. and subsequently to Louisville, Ky., in both of
whicli places his brother-in-law, Sylvauus Lathrop,
was engaged as a builder and contractor, mostly of
bridges, and i»ut up several large structures of the
l<ind at both places. He came to Illinois when
about twcnt3--three years old and was sui)sequently
married in Moivena. III., November 21, 1858, to
Miss Parthena F. I5eiiedict. This lady was born in
Colborne, Canada, June 29, 1832. Of this union
there are two daugiiters, viz. : Hattie A., the wife
of C. H. 'I'alcott, Cashier of the Will County Bank,
and Louise B., who remains at home with her par-
ents. The parents of Mrs. Claj'cs were Amzi L.,
and Lucy (Iloyt) Benedict, natives of Connecticut
and New Hampshire, respeclivcl}-, now deceased.

r«»r'

THOMAS D. P'ERGUSON. Farming has
W^^ been the chief occupation of Mr. Ferguson
S^^y since he reached man's estate, and he now
gives his attention to that and to the dairy busi-
ness at his pleasant iiume on section 6, New Lenox
Township. Although still on the sunny side of
forty, having been born March 31, 1853, Mr.
Ferguson has manifested the qualities of true
manhood, and won an honorable name among his
fellow-men. His estate comprises eighty-eight
acres, on which a conii)lele line of farm buildings
li.as been erected, all above the average, wliile
other improvements are in' accord with tiic edifi-
ces. The snug estate is so well managed that it
affords an excellent income and is more profitable
than a larger numlier of acres would be if under
less efficient control.

The gentleman of whom we write derives his
sterling qualities from honorable Scotch ancestors,
combining traits which the friends of his deceased
parents well remember in them. His father was
William Ferguson, and liis mother Elizabeth Doig,

sister of Thomas Doig, whose sketch appears in
this volume. Thej' were born in the land which
has given to the world a Bruce, a Burns, and many
heroes of sword and pen. After their marriage
the}^ emigrated to America, settling in New Lenox
Township, this county, about 1833. They were
therefore numbered among the early settlers, and
shared in the labors which have resulted in the
present prosperity and liigh development of this
County. They continued to live in New Lenox
Tovvnship until the death of Mr. Ferguson, which
occurred in May, 18G2. His widow breathed her
last in Chicago, in August, 1871.

The parental family consisted of four daughters
and live sons, he of whom we write being the fifth
in order of birth. His early years were spent at
the home in this countj' and in Chicago, his edu-
cation being olttained in the common schools. He
was first married, Januar3' 10, 1878, to Miss .Sadie,
daughter of Sylvauus and Mary (Doxtader) Lynk.
The wedding took pl.ace in New Lenox Township,
in which the bride was born, and where she died
after a brief married life, passing away December
10, 1879. She left .an infant son,. William L. The
second marri.age of Mr. Ferguson took |)l.ace at the
residence of the Hon. Dwight Haven, October 19,
1.S81. The bride was Miss Nellie L., daughter of
Dwiglit and Helen L. (Savage) Haven, and was
born in New Lenox Tovvnship, November 2, 1853.
Her i)arental and ancestral history is given in th?
sketch of her father, found elsewhere in this vol-
ume.

Mr. Ferguson has served efficientlj' as School
Director, as an official and as a i)rivate citizen
manifesting a deep interest in the cause of educa-
tion. In politics he is a llejiublican. Jlrs. Fergu-
son is a member of the Episcopal Church. Growing
to maturity amid the most favorable surroundings,
she developod into a Iad3' of pleasing manners,
more than average intelligence, and a knowledge
of both useful and ornamental arts, which fitted
her for any sphere in life and causes her not only
to be cherished bj" her companion as his choicest
blessing, but to make friends wherever she is
known. Mr. Ferguson is likewise one of whom
good is si)oken, affording the biographical writer
a pleasant task in inditing his life history.

PORTRAIT AND KIOGUAPHICAL ALBUM.

245

'JULIUS S.HOLMES. Among the piomiiient
I citizens of Will C'ountj\ consitJerable nien-
! tion belongs to tiie gentleman whose por-

W trait is shown on tiie opposite patce, and
wiio lias lieen a life-long resident of New Lenox
Townshi|). In his native place he has acciuircMi a
reputation for integrity and perseverance, and
wliercver known is highl}' respected. When still a
small child he was orjihaned bj' the death of his
father, who was a farmer in New Lenox Township.
Our suliject was therefore earl}' thrown upon his
own resources, and tliough at present only in the
|irime of life has by his own efforts made himself
indepeiident. To such men as he. America owes
her high standing among other older countries, and
to the efforts which such citizens as he have made,
Will County may justly attribute the development
of her limitless resources.

The gentleman of whom this sketch is written is
a son of the late Aslier Holmes and his wife, Eliza
Ann Kltnore. Both were born in Sherburne, Che-
nango County, N. Y., the father on September 28,
17'J7, and the mother on Sei)tember 22, 1805. In
their native county they made their first home
after marriage, subsequently removing to Chautau-
qua County, and in 1832 returning to that in which
they were born. In the spring of 1835 they turned
their footsteps westward, and coming to Will
County, III., made a settlement on section 22, New
Lenox Township. Here the father was engaged in
farming until his death, January 24, 1854. The
widowed mother continued to live on the old
homestead until her death, which occurred .lune
5, 1880. They had six children — James E., My-
ron 1'., Eliza A., Orsamus, L3dia and Julius S.
Eliza, who was the wife of Thomas Stolp, died in
Nebraska in May, 1873.

The natal da}- of our subject was August 30,
1848, and his birthplace the old homestead on
which he grew to manhood and continued to live
until the siiringof 1890. He was educated in the
common schools, and by the use of the means
which are open to all who desire knowledge, he has
added to the knowledge obtained at school the
lii'o.ader education which can onlj' be gaineil by a
mature mind and a practical a|)plication of theories
in contact witli mankind. After having pursued

an agricultural life until the date before mentioned,
Mr. Holmes rented his farm and removed to New
Lenox Village. He is now giving his attention to
the grain trade, his ))rincipal place of business
being Manhattan, although he is also a member of
the Chicago Board of Trade. His Inisiness ability
is undisputed, and has been made use of by his
fellow-citizens, who have called upon him to fill
official stations of various natures.

The marriage of Mr. Holmes was celebrated in
New Lenox Township, January 24, 1871, his bride
being Miss Sophie, youngest child of Abraham
and Jane (Wood) Willis. Mrs. Holmes was born
in New Jersey, August 14, 1852, but grew to
womanhood in this county, to which her jjarents
came in 18G1. They were natives of the Empire
State and the parents of nine children. The
mother died in Wenona, Marshall County, 111.,
February 28, 1 88G ; Mr. Willis is yet living. Mrs.
Holmes [)ossesses an estimable Christian character,
and has the knowledge of domestic arts and social
accomplishments which make her home a happy one
and give her popularity among her acquaintances.
She has borne twelve children, named respective-
ly: Raynor E., Arthur W., I^aura E., Herbert H.,
Bessie J.. Eva Ikl., Mamie E., Ethel J., Mattie A.,
Olive I., Sophie L. and Julius W. Eva .M. and
Olive I. are deceased.

Mr. Holmes has ever taken an active interest in
politics, and is numbered in the Republican ranks.
He has held the office of School Trustee for twelve
years, and has also been School Director. Both
he and his wife are members of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, in which he has held the offices
of Steward and Trustee, positions of financial im-
portance, for which his business talents and deep
interest in the work of the church well qualified
him.

I ¥

^ILLIAM GOODSON has for a period of
\/\/l' t"'Gnty years pursued his farming opera-
V^y tions in Plaiufield Townsliii), and is counted
one of the most substantial residents of the place.
He is a native of Leicestershire, England, born De-
cember 11, 1834. His father, John Goodson, was

246

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

born in the same shire and was there reared to
agricultural pursuits, and always earned his living
tilling the soil, spending his entire life in ids native
land. The maiden name of tlie mother of our
subject was Lucy Howell, and she was born in
Rutland, England. She came to America in 1869,
and now makes her home with her children, she
having attained the age of eighty-one years. There
were eleven children born to the parents of our
subject, eight of whom were reared to maturity as
follows: George, William, .Samuel, Thomas, Henry,
John, Richard and Robert, all of whom came to
America, except Richard, and settled in different
parts of the country-.

He of whom we write went to work on the farm
at an early age and earned his own living. The
wages were low and the chances of securing a home
in his native land were almost nil, and he deter-
mined to see wiiat life held forli im in America, and
on the 29th of October, 1856, accompanied by his
bride, set sail from Liverpool in the good ship
"Cultivator," and on the 29th of November landed
in New York. From there he and his wife pro-
ceeded to Orange County*, N. Y., where they found
themselves penniless and among strangers. Our
subject with charactcristicself reliance immediately
set about finding emplo^'meut, and soon obtained
work upon a farm. He resided there until August,
1856, and then went with his famil}' to St. Clair
Count3^ Mich., and there was engaged in a saw-
mill until 1859. In that year he again started
westward, and coming as far as Illinois resum^^d
his old employment as a farm hand in Canton,
Fulton County. \n 1864 he went to Kend.all
Count}'. Having prudently saved ids earnings he
was enabled to be more independent, and com-
menced farming on his own account, renting land.
He carried on his farming operations in that man-
ner for six years, and then bought eighty acres of
land, which is included in his present farm in Plain-
field Township. This was scarcely at all im[)roved,
and a rude shanty on the place was the only build-
ing. Since then he has been much prospered, and
has brought about great changes on his place, liav-
ing erected a good set of frame buildings, planted
fruit and sh.ade trees, fenced the land and now has
it under admirable cultivation. lie has been so

successful that he has .added to his estate, and now
has one hundred and eighty-six and one-third acres
of fine farming land, all lying in a body and con-
stituting as productive and well-improved a farm
as is to be found in the locality.

\n 1856 Mr. Goodson was happily married to
Miss Sarah Broom, a native of Rutland, England,
and a daughter of John IJroom. Their marriage
has been blessed by the birth of eleven children,
nine living, namely: Mary A., Lucy, Lillie, Amelia,
Edward, Charles, Ernest, Herbert and Eva. The
deceased were Hannah and William H. Mr. Good-
sou's career as a farmer, since he took up his resi-
dence in this place, proves him to be a shrewd,
practical, industrious man, and the honorable, up-
right life that he h.as alwa3'S led entitles him to be
called a trustworthy man and a good citizen, and
he and his family are well respected in this com-
munity.

OHN W. DOWNEY. The legal fraternity
of Will County numbers among its most
painstaking and promising members him with
whose name we introduce this notice. He
is yet j-Qung in years, having been born April 3,
1860, and his childhood home was in Norman
Township, Grundy County, this State. His par-
ents were John and Mary (O'Halloran) Downey,
who were natives of County Tipperar}', Ireland.
The father of our suliject came to America in
1849, and in 1851 was married to Jliss O'Hallo-
ran, in LaSalle County, this State. They settled
upon a farm, and there were born to them six chil-
dren, five sons and one daughter. One son, Ed-
ward, died at the age of twenty-six years. The
others, with the exception of our subject, are re-
siding in Grundy County. John W., who was the
fourth in order of birth, spent his boyhood on the
farm, .assisting in its labors, and attending, mostly
during the winter season, the common school. He
was of studious habits, improving his leisure
hours by reading and study, and after leaving
school occupied himself as a teacher, which is the
usual stepping stone to other professions. He was
desirous, however, of advancing his education,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

247

111(1 in the suuunor of 1882 entered the Normal
school at Valparaiso, Ind., whicli he attended three
ernis.

Mr. Downey, liavinjj resolved upon following
he profession of law, eame, in the spring of 1885.
o Joliet, and entered the otlice of Haley & O'Don-
lell, where he closely a|iplied himself to tiie stiid^-
if the hest legal works until December following,
I'lien he was admitted to the bar. He remained
I'ith his preceptors one year, then opened a law
ittice, and has since confined himself to the prae-
ice of his profession. He was elected Cit}- Atlor-
cy in April, 1889, for a term of two years,
'olitically, Mr. Downey affiliates with the Demo-
ratic party, and in religion he adheres to the
'atholic faith of his forefathers. Sociality, he be-
jngs to the Independent Order of Foresters. He
ives bis whole time to the duties of his profession,
nd is rapidly acquiring a substantial footing
herein.

:^. ENRY C. (.'ULLOM. The real-estate and
insurance business of Joliet and vicinity
^' finds a lively' representative in Mr. Cullom,
who with his partner, James W-. Patterson.
as a well-equipped office on Chicago Street. He
rabarked in these enterprises in the f.all of 1888,
Tiling fire, life and accident policies. He is a
ative of Illinois and was born in Tazewell Count}-,
ipril 1, 1839, to Richard N. and Betsey Elizabeth
Coffey) Cullom.

The parents of our subject were natives respect-
^rely of Tennessee and North Carolina, and met in
Kentucky, where they were married. In the fall
f 1830 they emigrated to Illinois, and the father
liereafter occupied himself at farming in Tazewell
;ounty, 111. The mother passed away in Decem-
er, 18C8. The household circle numbered five
ons and six daughters, of whom the subject of
his notice was the youngest. Five of these are
iving.

The subject of this notice lived in his native
ounty until reaching man's estate — in fact eight
ears after reaching his majority. The most of

this time was employed in farm pursuits. His
education was such as was afforded by the common
school, and he acquired those habits of industry
and economj- which have followed him through
life. In 1868 he rapaired to Springfield, 111., and
engaged in the mercantile business until 1874.
Then, goi)ig to Southeastern Nevada, he entered
tlie employ of the Government as Indian Agent,
and was in that region and Indian Territor}'
about eighteen months.

At the expiration of this time we find Mr. Cul-
lom on a farm in Lawrence County, 111. Later he
took a contract from the penitentiary in Joliet,
to manufacture hosiery and clothing, and occu-
lted himself at that industry for a period of
twelve j-ears. Then, selling out, he embarked in
his present business. He was married October 29,
1861, to Miss Anna M. Kingman. Mrs. Cullom
was born Ma}' 16, 1S41, and like her husband is a
native of Tazewell County, this State. Their union
has resulted in the birth of four sons and four
daughters, seven of whom remain under the par-
ental roof. The second daughter, Jennie N., is
the wife of Edward C. Barrett, of Joliet. JNIr.
Cullom cast his first Presidential vote for Lin-
coln, and in politics, continues a .stanch supporter
of the Republican party. He is an Elder of the
Presbyterian Church, and belongs to the Patriotic
Order .Sons of America.

REDE RICK A. LUTHER. Probably a ma-
jority of the farmers of Wilmington Town-
ship are men well-to-do, and of that class
who have been the architects of their own fortunes.
Among them may be properly mentioned the sub-
ject of this notice, who is comparatively 3'oung in
years, and who is a native of this State, born in
Kankakee County, March 28, 1855. He is the rep-
resentative of a substantial old family of New
England ancestry, the son of Charles and Lucy
(Holland) Luther, who were natives of Vermont.
The p.aternal grandparents of our subject were
Jabez and Elizabeth (Parkman) Luther, the former
of whom was a son of Caleb and Rebecca (Brown)

248

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Luther. Caleb was the son of .Tabcz nnd Alse Lu-
ther, who were natives of ^MassachuselU. and .Tabez
was a son of Caleb and Mary Luther, natives of the
New England States. Caleb was a son of Samuel
and Sarah, likewise natives of New England, and
.Samuel was the son of Samuel. Sr.. and Mar}- Lu-
ther. Samuel, Sr.. was the son of Capt. John S.
Luther, a seafaring man and commander of a mer-
chant vessel. The latter was killed hy the Indi.ans
on the Delaware River, in 1645; he was of German
descent, but born iu Ireland.

Some of the earl}' members of the Lutiier family-
were meu of note iu New England, and exercised
no unimportant influence in their communities.
Grandfather Jabez Luther was a merchant in Cor-
nish, N. H.. for mauy years. He lost both his arms
bj' the premature discharge of a cannon, on tlie 4th
of July, 1805. Charles Luther, the father of our
subject, was born in Pittsford, Rutland County,
A't., June 30, 1819, and spent the first twelve 3-ears
of his life there. He was married there, in 1844,
and in 1849 set his face westward, coming to Illi-
nois and settling on a farm in Kankakee Count}-.
He lived there until 1865, then removed to Wil-
mington Township, this county, where he still
lives.

The mother of our subject, also a native of the
Green Mountain State, was born in Stockbridge,
Windsor Count}-, to Jonathan and Mary (Ranney)
Holland. The latter were also natives of Vermont,
where they spent their entire lives. To Charles and
Lucy Luther there were born three children only,
viz.: Julius J.. CharJes W. ; and Frederick A., of
this sketch. The latter is the only surviving mem-
ber of the family. Julius J. was in Chicago sev-
eral ye.irs prior to his death. He was a man of fine
business qualifications and considerable means, and
for several years was the owner and superintend-
ent of the Brink Express Company.

Frederick A. Luther has been a resident of this
county since 1865. He has followed farming all
his life, and owns one hundred and sixty acres of
Land, comprising a well-improved farm lying .about
one and one-hijlf miles northwest of AVilmington.
He has a fine residence, with substantial outbuild-
ings, an ample supply of farm machinery, and all
the other appliances for prosecuting his calling in

a profitable and successful manner. In addition to
general agriculture he is considerably interested in
blooded horses, of which he is enabled to exhibit
some fine specimens. He makes of farming and
stock-raising an art and a science, and by reading
and observation keeps himself thoroughly posted
as to the best methods employed in connection
therewith.

One of the most important events in the life of
Mr. Luther was the occasion of his marriage, Sep-
tember 7, 1877. with Miss Mary E. Thomas, the
wedding taking place at the bride's home in Wil-
mington. Mrs. Luther was born January 10, 1856,
in England, to Henry and Mary (Lester) Thom.as,
who were likewise natives of England, and with
whom she came to America when a child nine years
of age. They settled in this county: the father is
deceased, and the mother is still living. Mr. and
Mrs. Luther are the parents of two sons — Charles
J. and John H. Both parents and sons belong to
the New Jerusalem Church, and our subject, po-
litically, affiliates with the Democratic party.

AVID L. LIIKISTIAN occupies a f.arm of
two hundred and forty acres on section 13
Peotone Township, which is sufficiently large
to afford a comfortable maintenance. He has,
however, obtained what is better than silver or
gold, a good name and the respect of his fellow-
men. He has been a leader on the side of moral-
ity when it took hig-h moral courage to announce
his beliefs and uplift the standard of right and
justice in the community.

Our subject was born in Cayuga County. N. Y.,
September 6, 1824, and is the oldest child of Da-
vid and Jane (Wolverton) Christian. The father
was born in 1795, and tbe mother April 26, 1804,
both in the Empire .State, where their marriage
also took place, the date of that event being Jan-
uary 15, 1822. The wife breathed her last Au-
gust 26, 1833, after having borne three children,
of whom our subject is the only survivor. Two
years after her death the father removed to Mich-
igan, sojourning but four years ere settling in

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

249

DuPage Count}', 111., on a farm which he eon-
ioued to occupy until overtaken by death, in
845. He married for his second wife Mrs.
^hristianna Ketchum, nee Churchill, who still sur-
ives. This union was blest by the birth of two
hildren.

The gentleman of whom we write received a
ommon-school education in New York and Mich-
gan, his jouthful daj-s being passed in the
)rdinar3- manner of a farmer's son. Being the
ildest child, he had charge of his father's busi-
less for a few years prior to the latter's death,
ind for a short time after. He took up the High
<chool studies in the old Chicago Academy, fitted
limself for teaching and found employment in
he district schools of DuPage Count}-, for three
vinters. In the intervals of his professional work
le was employed on the construction of the 111-
uuis & Michigan Central Railroad, from Kensing-
on to Chicago. During a part of three seasons,
n 1852-53-54, he was occupied under a contract
'or fencing the road, and some of the fence is
itill standing near ]\Iadison, after thirty-seven
(•ears.

In the fall of 1854, Mr. Christian returned to
,he old home, remaining thereon until the spring
)f 1858, when he located in the village of Peo-
,one. Will County. In the spring of 1867 he re-
Boved to the farm where he has since resided.
[t consisted of two hundred and fortj' acres of
jood land, wholly unimproved at the time of his
aurchase. He erected upon it, in 1867, a good
resi,'ence, which cost 82,500, the accompanying
barns and other outbuildings, and placed the en-
tire acreage under good cultivation. When he be-
jan life for himself Mr. Christian was nearly
smpt^'-handed, 8250 being his share of his father's
estate. He has an interest in the old homestead
in DuPage County.

On October 23, 1851, Mr. Christian was united
in marri.age with Miss Clara, daughter of Samuel
md Judith (Klliott) Page, natives of New Hamp-
shire. Mr. and Mrs. Page removed to Illinois in
1839, settling in Kane County, where the husband
died in 1840, his widow surviving until 1863.
Thev were the parents of six children, three of
whom are now living, and Mrs. Christian was the

fifth in order of birth. Her natal d.a}' was March
28, 1833, and her native State New Hampshire.
.Slie attended a select school in DuPage Count}',
111., enriching her mind with useful knowledge and
mental culture. A womanly woman, her quiet
dignity is felt in every circle that she enters, and
she has stood side by side with her husband in
moral and Christian endeavors.

To Mr. and Mrs. Cliristian six children have
been born, as follows: Walter, September 22, 1852 :
Ella. February 27, 1854; Mary, October 1, 1856;
David Warren, November 6, 1859; Sarah F.,
M,arch 17, 1863; Clara Jenny, May 30, 1866.
They have received more than common-school ed-
ucations, and Warren and Clara have taught in
this county. More than one of the family are es-
pecially gifted in intellect and possess musical
and other talents. The three eldest children are
deceased. Ella passed away November 11, 1879,
leaving a host of friends to honor her memory. Her
especial talent was for music, and she excelled in
organ playing, also succeeding wonderfully as a
teacher. With a strong intellect and a noble heart,
she bore a share in the good works instituted
throughout the vicinity, and became greatly loved.
She was the leader of the music in the church
where the family attended, and promoted its in-
terests very largely. She was the wife of John H.
Brayton.

Two of the surviving children of Mr. and Mrs.
Christian are living in homes of their own. David
W., a merchant in Kankakee, 111., married Cora J.
Palmer, and has one child, David Palmer. Sarah
F. is the wife of H. Anson Harsh, of Normal Park,
Cook County, and they have one child, Clara.

Mr. Christian has been School Director in Dis-
trict No. 6, also Township Trustee of Schools,
Township Treasurer of Schools, Supervisor of Peo-
tone Township and Justice of the Peace. He has
always taken an active interest in politics, and at
the beginning of his political experience was a
strong Abolitionist. For twenty-five years he has
been identified with the Republican party, for which
he has acted as Township Representative, in con-
ventions, probably a greater number of times than
any other man here. He has also been a delegate
to State and Congressional conventions. Before

250

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

the war lie was connected with tlie "underground
railroad," and during the war he was also a mem-
ber of the I'nion League.

For a})out five 3'ears Mr. Christian was the only
man in the village of Peotone who would speak out
in hflialf of temperance, liquor being at that time
sold there witliout license. So frank had he been
in expressing his views, and so ardently had he
labored against the liquor interest, that he was at
one time threatend by mob violence, but good
counsel finally prevailed and he was not molested.
Both he and his wife formerly belonged to the
Good Templars' organization and held office therein.

'IMie entire Christian family belong to the Meth-
odist Kjiiscopal Church, and take an active part in
the work of the donomination, especially in the
Sunday -scJKiol and music. The son Warren has
ever been connected with the choir, his fine bass
voice adding volume and depth to the lighter tones
of his sisters and others. Mr. Christian took part
in the initiatory steps to secure preaching of the
Gospel, and a pl.ace of worship in the village of
Peotone. He is Trustee. Steward and Class Leader;
he has been Superinten<lent of the Sund.aj'-school
in Peotone twent^'-three years continuously, and
held the same position elsewhere. At present he
teaches the IJilile class. Mrs. Christian has had a
class for about twent3'-two years continuousl3% and
the children have also been teachers. The influence
exerted bj' such a f.ather and mother is beyond
calculation, and when extended bj' the sons and
daughters the benefit to mankind is boundless,
giving re.ison for the approval of all who feel an
interest in the advancement of humanity.

-^^

<^OHN WILLIAM DIERSEN is a prosperous
farmer and stock-raiser, whose fine farm is
located on section 15, Crete Township. He
^^^JJ is the fortunate possessor of two hundred
and forty acres of highl}'-imi)roved land, besides
thirty acres of timber, all of which formerly be-
longed to his father, whom he succeeded in the
ownership and operation of the homestead. It has
been almost his life-long home, as he came to it

with his parents in his 3'outb, having previously
lived in Chicago some six j'ears. The family ar-
rived in America in 1846 from Hesse-Cassel, Ger-
many, where he of whom we write was born, Sep-
tember 2, 1838.

-John H. Diersen, father of our subject, was of
good tierraan blood, and in his native country- was
in the emplo}' of a German nobleman liearing the
name of Munchhausen, from the time he was a
young man until he came to the United States. He
married Sophia Hoe, who was, like her husband, a
native of the Prussian Province of Hesse-Cassel
and of pure Hessian ancestry'. After the birth of
four children, one of whom died in iufancj", Mr.
Diersen set out for America with his wife, son and
two daughters. They set sail from Bremen in
M.iy, 1846. and after a tedious voyage landed in
the American metropolis, .Tuly b. Thence they
went up the Hudson River to Albanj-, thence
on the canal to Buffalo, where thej' embarked upon
a lake steamer, which anchored in Chicago in the
latter part of the month. They remained in tluat
city until 1852, when ilr. Diersen procured forty
acres of Government land in Will County and be-
gan agricultural labors as a poor farmer.

By hard work and the rigid econoni3- best
known to themselves, he and his wife got on in
the world, finally becoming quite rich. They ac-
euninlated the land now owned bj' their son. im-
proved and occupied it for some years, fijially
removing to Crete Village, where both died. The
death of IMrs. Diersen took place in 1885, and that
of her husband in 1887. both being about seventy-
three 3-ears of age. The}' were estimable people,
well known in the vicinitj' and well respected.
They were closelj' connected with the work of the
Lutheran Church, to which they gave liljerally.
The onl}' members of his familv now living are
our subject and his sister, Mrs. Sophia Brown,
of Chicago. Before his marriage Mr. Diersen had
served his couutrj- as a soldier in the Hanoverian
War.

.J. W. Diersen assisted his parents .as his strength
would permit, becoming of .age on the farm he
now owns and in tlie improvement of which he
took part. He w.as married in this townshij) to
Eiigel Descnisz, who was born in Hesse-Cassel,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

251

Germany, August 28, 1842. When sixteen jears
old she accoin|>.aiiie(l lier lirother Philip to Amer-
ica, their liome being made in this eount}'. Philip
Desenisz served some time during the late Rebellion
as a member of tlie I'nion army. Mrs. Diersen re-
ceived a good practical education .and excellent
home training from her worthy parents, and dur-
ing her mature years has exhibited marked ability
as a housewife and great kindness in her domestic
.and social relations. Her motlier.Sophia (Sailer)
Desinisz, died in the year 18«4, being then
quite old. Her father, I'hilip Desenisz, Sr., is still
living in his native clime, where he has l)een a
small farmer. He is a lifelong member of tiie
Lutheran Church, of which his deceased wife was
also a communicant.

The wife of our subject has borne him twelve
children, of whom we note the following: John is
a hardware dealer in Crete, iiis wife being Sophia
Piei)enbrink; U'illiau) is at present working in a
grain house in the same town; Louisa is the wife of
Pliilli|) Piejierbrink, a farmer in Crete Township;
Henry is now with his brother, assisting him in the
hardware business ; August, Herman, Gotleib,
Amelia, Emma, AValter, Anna and Otto are at
home Herman is learning the trade of a black-
smith. Mr. Diersen has held the minor offices of
the township and is now acting in the capacity of
School Director, and has been Highway Commis-
sioner since 1871, and has also been Treasurer
for the same length of time, and is Secretary of
the Crete Farmers' Mutual Insurance Company.
He and the members of his family who are entitleil
to vote belong to the Republican party. The en-
tire family, parents and chililren. belong to the
Lutheran Church.

[f^EV. ERNST A. BRAUER, pastor of the
Evangelical Lutheran Church at Crete, is
one of the ablest men in the ministry and
besides possessing natural talents of a high
order, is finely educated, a close student and an
extensive reader. For the last forty-three years
he has given his i^ntire attention to the interests of

his church and people and is greatly esteemed in
the community, not only among those with whom
he is intimately associated, but by the people at
large. Mr. Brauer came to this place from St.
Louir, Mo., where for six years he had been pastor
of Trinity, one of the oldest Lutheran Churches
in that city. Prior to this he was for ten yeais a
Professor in Concordia Theological Seminar}' at
St. Louis, to which he removed from Pittsburg,
Pa., where he had been connected with the oldest
church in that city for six years. During the
Civil War he served with the Missouri Militia and
assisted in quelling the disturbances in that State,
although never having regularly enlisted.

Mr. Brauer assumed charge of his tirst congre-
gation at Addison, DuPage County, 111., in No-
vember, 1847, during the pioneer days, when his
salary, like his congregation, was exceedingly small
and continued so for a number of years and he
lived to see this society become one of the largest
and most prosi)erous in the S3-nod, comprising the
States of Indiana, Illinois, Missouri and others.
He was one of the earliest preachers of the Luth-
eran denomination in Illinois which was not rep-
resented by any other for a number of jcars. He
labored faithfully in the service of the Master
and was rewarded by witnessing in due time a
bountiful harvest.

The subject of this notice was born in the King-
dom of Hanover, April 19, 1819, his early home
being in the vicinity of Northeim. He received
his education at a cloister in Elfeldt, where he pur-
sued his studies six j-ears, but he afterward en-
tered the University at Gottingen from which he
was duly graduated and after this he btcaine a pu-
pil in the college at Berlin. Subsequently he be-
came a private tutor in the famil}^ of Jlr. Omp-
teda, the German Ambassador at London, and was
thus occupied two years. At the expiration of
this time be sailed for America in October, 1847,
and after a nine weeks' voyage landed in New
York City. He hatl only intended remaining a
few years in this country, but his labors have
been attended witii such pros|)erity and he has
made so many friends, besides becoming greatly
attached to its institutions that he has no desire of
returning except to visit the scenes of his youth.

252

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

AVbile a resident of Addison, Mr. Braaer made
tlie acquaintance of Miss Beate Reinmann, who be-
en me his wife Septeiiibcr 9, 1849, tlie wedding tak-
ing place in Chicago. Mrs. Brauer was boni
October 23, 1822, in the town of Schullmburg.
Hanover, and is the daughter of Richard Reinmann
who vvas of pure German ancestry. She was care-
full_v reared and received a thorough education
in her native tongue. She went to Paris, Fiance,
with an uncle and from there came to America in
18 It). Of lier union with our subject tliere have
been born nine cliildren, all of wiiom are living.
Five sons and two daughters are married. Albert
H. was born in 1850 and at an earl}' age evinced
more than ordinary talent, being fond of his books
and ambitious to excel in his studies. He was
graduated .-aFt. Wayne, (lad.) College and later at
Concordia .Seminary in St. Louis. He now has
charge of tlie Lutheran congregation at Beecher,
III. He married Miss Louisa Stein, of St. Louis,
Mo. and they are the parents of seven children.
Jane became the wife of Prof. Theophile ;\Iees,
Rector of the Ohio Seminary at Woodville, (Jhio;
they have six children. Dorothea is at home with
her parents; Charles II. married Miss Anna Bart-
ling and is living at Eagle Lake, III. He was
educated in Springfield, III., and has charge of
St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church. He
is the father of four chiklren. August G. was
eilucated in a Seminary- at St. Louis, where he now
lives engaged as a stove repairer; he married Miss
Amelia vSchuricht and they have four children;
Helene is the wife of the Rev. Frederick Pfoten-
hauer, who has charge of a congregation at Lewis-
ton, Wis. and they have four children; Herman E.
is the pastor of the Lutheran Church at Niles, this
State; he was educated in St. Louis, Mo. and
Springfield, III., and married Miss Johanna Brock-
man of Chicago; the\' have four children. Frederick
E. was gi'aduatcd at Ft. AV.ayne, (Ind.) Seminar}-
and later at Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, and is
now assistant pastor with his father, besides having
charge of other local churches; he married Miss
Anna Me3-er of l^ake View, 111.; they make their
home with our subject. William A. is a minister
of the Lutheran Church, having charge of a flour-
ishing congregation at Hammond, Ind.; he was

graduated from the college of his church at

Springfield. 111. He is unmarried.

.Mr. Brauer and his son Frederick have a fine
library of which they make constant use and which
contains many choice volumes including some an-
cient works of great value. The family holds a
high social position, representing the culture and
refinement of the community.

y.f BRAIIAM GOCKLEY. A compcud of
iO: biographies of residents in Jackson Town-
ship would be incomplete if it did not in-
^ elude that of the gentleman above named,

a retired farmer who is now enjoying the fruits of
his early industry. His farm is on section 24,
where he has resided since April 1857. He now
makes his homo in Joliet. His landed estate com-
prises two hundred and seventy acres which he
rents, feeling that he is entitled to repose in his
declining years. The residence is of pleasing ar-
chitectural design, well furnished and pleasantly
located, and all of the outbuildings upon the
estate are well built and sufficient in size and num-
ber to adequately shelter stock, crops, and ma-
chinery.

The early life of Mr. Goekley was s|)ent in Lan-
caster County, Pa., in which he was born May 17,
1827. He was reared on a farm and early deter-
mined to follow the business of farming and stock-
raising, which he has done throughout his entire
active life. He was married in his native county
in October, 1848, to Miss Hannah Lutz, who w.ts
born in the same counlj- in 1827. When the re-
moval to this count}- was made the famil\- in-
cluded three children. The parents have had ten
sons and daughters, five of whom died when they
were young.

The living children of Abraham Goekley and
his esteemed wife are: Henry, a resident of Joliet;
.Sprah, wife of Harmon Deutschman of Jackson
I Towtship; Marinda, wife of Andrew Peterson, of
1 Jackson Township; Albert, a resident of Joliet,
I and Mary, wife of Jerry Johnson, of Rice County,
I Kan. The devoted wife and mother was called

J-£a^AAy

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

255

from time to eternity April 25, 1867. She was a
inemljer of tiie German Baptist Cliurcli, whose
principles siie ever entleavored to carry out in
daily life.

The nature of Mr. Gockiey is extremely genial
and social, and his memory is stored with infor-
mation and incidents of earlier life, which make
him an entertaining companion, lie manifests a
deep interest in tlie welfare of those about him,
particularly in tlie cause of education and tlie
spreading of the Gospel. He has been School Di-
rector for twelve years and is an active member of
tlie German ISaptist Church.

(f,

<;f;AMKS 11. ASHLEY. The subject of this
notice is familiarly called "the fatiier of all
the wire mills of this county." He is one
'f^)) the oldest residents of the county, having
come to Plainfield as early as 1837, when a boy of
twelve years, lie w.as born February 3, 1825, in
Martinsburg, Lewis County, N. Y., and is the son
of Riley B. and Sally (Searles) Ashley, the latter
of whom die<l when her son James R. was only two
years old, also leaving an infant daughter who died
in early childhood.

The subject of this notice remained with his fa-
tiier in his native place until 1837, and then the
latter decided to emigrate to Illinois, set out with
his little family and in company with three other
families journeyed overland with teams from New
York to this county. After a tedious journey of
one month they arrived in the embryH) town of
.Idlict, .June 0, following.

The father being a I'>aptist minister jturchnsed a
lioiiie ill the village of Phuiitield and also bought
a farm in that vicinity, the latter of which he
leased while he confined his attention to his pas-
toral duties. He organized the first Baptist Cliurch
in the ))lace and remained in charge of it for sev-
eral years. Through his efforts various other
churches were organized throughout the surround-
ing country, and among these he labored faithfully,
sometimes going as far as Chicago to preach. He
maintained his home continuously in Plainfield and

died there in August, 1880, at the advanced age
of eighty-one years. He had in the meantime con-
tracted a second marriage and there were born to
him three more children, only one of whom is
now living. After the death of his wife, he was
married a third time, and his widow is at present
residing in Leyden, N. Y.

James R., of this notice, was reared by his father
and step-mother in Plainfield, and was given a
good education, completing his studies at Warren-
ville, this State. He first engaged in business iu
Plainfield as a merchant in a small way and by the
exercise of a wise economy, succeeded in accurau
lating sufficient means to erect a large store build-
ing in which he placed a first-class stock of
merchandise. He conducted the business until
July, 1870, and then sold out. In the meantime,
when the township organization was effected he
was elected Township Clerk, which position he
held for a period of fifteen years. During that
time he also held the office of Justice of the Peace
two terras and in addition to this, from the fall of
18G2 until the spring of 1870, was the United States
Ganger for what was then the Eighth Congres-
sional District, comprising sis counties. He hail
the supervision of all the distilleries, wholesale
liquor and rectifying establishments within his
bailiwick, and was required to inspect all liquors
made and collect the tax thereon. It will thus be
seen that during those years he was a very busy
man.

After disposing of his mercantile interests Mr.
Ashley rested for a time, then, in 1874, removed to
Joliet and became connected with the firm of A. B.
Sliarpe & Co., with whom he remained until Jan-
uary, 187C. He then sold his interest in the con-
cern and that same day he and his brother formed
a [lartnership with II. B. Scuttand William Wat-
kins, for the purpose of manufacturing wire fence —
Mr. Ashley furnishing, with the exception of 1500,
all the capital. The partners operated together
until the summer of 1876, and resolved themselves
into the Joliet Wire Fence Comjjany, taking in
several new men and INIr. Watkins (lrop[)ing out.
They located their plant at Adam's Dam until the
1st of August when it was destroyed by fire. Not
finding a suitable location elsewhere, they took

256

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

their macliinery to the penitentiary and the com-
pany continued to do l)iisiness until January 1,
1879. Then Mr. Seutl, D. Robertson and Mr.
Ashley purchased the interest of the otjier part-
ners and formed the new firm of H. B. Scutt <k
Co., and they operated iHitil September, 1881,
when Mr. Ashley dis|)osed of liis interest in the
business to his partners.

In the meantime Mr. Ashley' organized another
firm called the Joliet Wire Company, with a cai)ital
of §.')0,000, and in connection with it established a
wire drawing company, which, however, was sepa-
rate in its operations. At this time there had been
no enterprise of this kind west of the city of Cleve-
land, Ohio, and it was made a grand success. In
July 18iS2, Mr. Ashley purchased the ma' hinery of
the Joliet Wire Company and took the contract for
employing one hundred and twentj'-five convicts
for eight years. At the expiration of this time he or-
ganized the present Ashley Wire Compan}^,of wliich
he was made President and Treasurer. On account
of his failing health, W. S. Brooks w.is appointed
Acting President and Treasurer, while Mr. Ashle3'
retained tlie chief supervision of the concern. At
the last election of stockholders he was reelected
President and Treasurer. The companj' are re-
moving their plant to the southwest part of the
city on the banks of the caual, wheie thty are
erecting extensive brick buildings and will thus
double their present capacity. In 1876, H. B.
Scutt & Co., constitiited the third firm in the
United States engaged in the manufacture of barb
wire and solved the problem of the feasibility of
such fencing on the western plains. Mr. Ashlej^
has large real-estate interests in Joliet, and at one
time owned forty thousand acres of land in Flor-
ida,three-fourlhs of which he subsequently disposed
of to parlies in this city.

The marriage of James K. Asliley .md Miss Julia
F. lyler was celebrated in Plainfield, October 27,
1850. Mrs. Ashlej- was born in April, 1825, in
Bridgewater. Mass., and was the daughter of Daniel
Tyler, who spent his last j-ears in Troy, N. Y.
The Tyler farail}' left the Bay State in an early
day. settling in Troy, N. Y., where Mrs. Ashley
spent her younger j'ears. She came with her sister
to Plainfield about 1841. Of this union there were

born four daughters, only one of whom is now
living, Ella M., the wife of George W. Bush, of
Joliet. Religiously, Mr. Ashley is a member of
the Baptist Church in Plainfield, while in political
affairs he is a stjineh Republican, and in the coun-
cils of his part}- occupies a in-ominent place. He
has made for himself a fine record in business cir-
cles while as a member of the communit}- he occu-
pies no secondary i)Osition among his fellow-citizens.
Elsewhere in this volume will be found a litho-
graphic portrait of Mr. Ashley.

Dn-

--m^^

?j>^'

^ AMUEL S. WHITE. Among the energetic
men who came to Joliet a number of 3-ears
ago. and who were identified with its in-
terest for years, living an upright and use-
fid life in the midst of their fellow-men. maj- be
numbered the late Samuel S. White, who entered
into rest February 3, 1884. He was bom in Law-
rence Count\-, Pa., where he grew to manhood, ob-
tained his education, and learned the trade of a
painter. For some j-ears after reaching man's es-
tate he continued to reside in the Keystone State,
finding abundant employment at his trade, in which
he became proficient, and which he followed uutil
his death.

At the home of the bride, in New Castle, oi his
own native count}', on April 22, 1851, Mr. White
was united in marriage with Miss Inez E. Craw-
ford. This lad}' was a native of the town in which
her wedding took place, and had opened her eyes
to the light July 25, 1835. She is the third of six
children born to David and Rebecca (Hozack)
Crawford, the parents having also been natives of
the Keystone State. She possesses many virtues of
character, much intelligence, and the cordial man-
ners which add to the attractions of the true wo-
man.

After their marri.age Mr. and Mrs. While con-
tinued to reside in New Castle some five or six
j-ears, after which, in 1856, thej- came to Joliet.
In the spring of 1868 they settled on a tract of
laud not far from the city, and there Mr. White

PORTRAIT AND BIOORAPIIICAL ALBUM.

•257

hreathed his last. The widow still occupies the
homestead, which consists of about eighty acres of
fertile land, upon which such improvements have
been lU'ide as are coiumon to the homes of those
who are in comfortable circumstances and pos-
sessed of energ}' and good taste.

Mr. White belonged to the Universalist Church,
in which he held good standing, and among llie so-
cial Ijodies was connected witli tlic Knights Temp-
lar. He was the father of tive children, named
respective^-: P^lla L., Lillian M., C. Harold, Da-
vid ('. and Florence K.

^\ AMUEL LOEBSTEIX. The late Samuel
Loebstein, who died at his home in Beecher,
JLarch 15, 1888, was a prominent citizen
of the (ilace in wliich lie had been the first
til establish a general store. It was situated in
wiiat is now tlie eastern part of Beecher, but was
fiirnierly known as Washington Center. A store
liuilding was erected and the business established
in 1870. and the proprietor had from the start an
excellent trade, which increased and brought
wealth to the originator and extended his reputa-
tion as an honorable and enterprising dealer. The
store was well located to accomodate the country
trade, and Mr. Loebstein IhoroLighl^- understood
the needs of his customers and with the assistance
i)f his able wife kept tlie establishment well stocked
and the business carefully managed in every de-
tail. During his active life at this place Mr. Loeb-
stein was also extensively engaged in bu3ing and
selling stock.

The n.atal daj- of our suliject was February 13,
If^.'^i, and his birthplace Ilebenhausen, Wurtem-
berg, Germany. He was the son of Jacob Loeb-
stein, a native of the same kingdom, whose business
was that of a horse dealer and who was a promi-
nent man in his town. He had married a native
of the same kingdom, who also passed her entire
life there.

Their son, of whom we write, was but a boy
when lie lost his jiarents and after becoming of age
he set out to try his fortune in the New World.

After landing in New York he went at once to
Chicago, 111., from which point he traveled in
Illinois, Indiana and Michigan for some time, fin-
all3' locating in Dwyer, Ind. There he began his
career as a stock dealer, thence coming to what is
now Beecher, 111. He possessed excellent busi-
ness qualifications and made a success of whatever
he undertook. He belonged to the Masonic fra-
ternity, being enrolled in Blue Lodge, No. 740, at
Grant Park. In politics he was a stanch Democrat.
He came of the old Hebrew stock and was a firm
believer in the Jewish religion.

The marriage of Mr. Loebstein .and Miss Anna
Hess was celebrated in Chicago. The bride was
born in Aufhausen, Germany, Septenil)er 23, 184t),
and was quite young when her [)arents came to the
I'nited States. In this connti}- she grew to matur-
ity and received her education. She possesses a
cultured mind, friendly manners and a more than
ordinary amount of business ability, which has
been particularly manifested since the death of her
husband in keeping the enterprise in which he had
been engaged going with its normal success. Her
judgment regarding stock, her shrewdness in buy-
ing, and the thorough oversight which she gives
to every detail of the business marks her as a
worthy member of a race from which such able
financiers as the Rothchilds and others have s[)rung.
She is the mother of five children, of whom Min-
nie, Jennie and Polly died in infancy. The sur-
vivors — Emma and Fannie — are now making their
home with their maternal grandparents in Chicago
and being well educated in the Douglas School of
that city. Mrs. Loebstein belongs to the Jewish
Church.

The parents of Mrs. Loebstein arc Lippman and
Jetty (Leiter) Hess, natives of Aufhausen, Ger-
many, where the father was born i\Ia3' 22, 1818,
and the mother June 25, 1825. They were com-
panions in youth and their childish regard strength-
ened and led them to unite their lives and for-
tunes. Mr. Hess was a manufacturer of vinegars
in Germany until late in the summer of 1856, when
he emigrated to America. The family which in-
cluded three children, after crossing the oce.an set-
tled in Rochester, N. Y., later removing to Har-
risburg. Pa., and still later to Freeport, 111. They

258

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

finally located in Chicago where Mr. and Mrs. Hess
ran a hotel for some years. They have now re-
tired from active labor and are still living on the
South side. They are now quite full of years but
smart and active, and are excellent representa-
tives of their race. Mr. Hess is a man of much
ability, recognized as such bj' all who knew him,
and both have many friends in their wide circle of
acquaintances. They are devoted adherents of the
Jewish faith.

■•^^i•;;;•:i;;^■— *

\l/OHN II. ROBINSON, deceased, began liis
residence in Will County, in the fall of 1841,
making his 6rst settlement in Troy Town-
ship, but several years later removin'g to
Joliet Township. In the latter he breathed his
last December 8, 1873. During the early years of
his residence here he fdled the official station of
Supervisor. His birth took place in Tonawanda,
Niagara County, N. Y., June 5,1811, and at his
native place lie resided until he was nineteen years
old. He then came West as far as Ashtabula
County, Ohio, which was his home until he removed
to Illinois. During his residence in Ohio, he re-
turned to his native State and in the town of Hamp-
ton, Washington County, was united in marriage
with Miss Nancy A. Ilulett. This worth}- lady
was a native of that place, where her ej'es opened
to the light October 14, 1813. Their union was
blessed by the birth of six cliildren, four of whom
died in infancy. The survivors are Andrew J. and
John H., the former a resident of San Francisco,
Cal., and the latter of the parental homestead in
this county.

The young man, who, since his father's death,
has had charge of the Robinson homestead, was
born in Channahon Townsliii), February 20, 1855.
He was educated in tlie sohools in Will County
and grew to manhood in possession of a goodly
store of practical knowledge which, taken in con-
nection with his natural inclination toward all that
is progressive and enterprising, lias brought him
rapidly to tlic front in the business enterprises in

whicli he is engaged. The homestead comprises
eighty acres on which are excellent improvements
and its appearance shows that it is ably managed
and remunerative.

Mr. Robinson is also engaged in the Fire Insur-
ance business, representing the Home Company of
New York, and he also represents the Michigan
Mutual Life Insurance Company of Detroit. He
is thorougldy adapted to this work, having an acute
and almost instantaneous judgment of human na-
ture, and a persistence in presenting his cause that
is kept from being dis.agreeable by affable manners
and good conversational powers. In all business
transactions he is careful yet enterprising, while he
ranlvs high among the public-spirited citizens, being
one of the most foremost in all meritorious enter-
jnises. He is an active member of the Richard
Street Methodist Episcopal Church of Joliet, and
in both city and country is well and favorably
known for his private character and his business
ability.

An iui|)ortant step in tlie life of Mr. Robinson
was taken June 16, 1886, when at tlie bride's home
in Joliet Township he was united in marriage with
ISIiss Jennie H. Lawrence. Sh.e is a well educated
and amiable lady, a native of this county, and one
well calculated to fill her place at the head of
household affairs. Their union has been blessed
by the birth of two children. Jay and Alice.

OSES BOWE occupies an important [tlace
among the leading farmers and stock-rais-
ers of Will Townshii), who have contril)uted
to raise it to its present prosperous coiuli-
tion, and have thus materially' advanred the inter-
ests of the count}'. Mr. Bowe is of Irish birth ami
parentage, born in County Wexford, town of Ball-
clay, June 22, 1835, a son of .lolin and Annastatia
Bowe. They had five children, naniel}': JIaiy.
Fllen, Elizabeth, Moses and John P., all of wliDni
grevv to maturity, and Ellen and Mary married and
reared families.

Oni- subject spent the early years of his boyhood
in Ihc I.Hiid of his nativity, coming to the United

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

259

States with his uncle, Philip Bowe, in 1845, who
located in Pennsylvania. In 1852, Mr. Bowe came
to Chicago, where he lived two years, working in
the employ of the Illinois Central Railroad. In
1854 he came to Monee, where he was connected
with the same railway till about 1881. lie then
took up farming for a living and located on the
one hundred and sixty-nine acres which he had
purchased here in 1864, and on which lie had made
various improvements. lie now has his place in an
excellent condition, provided with suitable build-
ings, and the land well tilled. lie gives much
attention to stock-raising and has a fine herd of
tiioroughbred Short-horns. Our subject has ac-
quired this property bj- the exercise of his keen
foresigiit and practical al)ility.

May 6, 18G0, Mr. Bowe took unto himself a wife
in the person of Miss Hanora Hurley. She is a
native of County Kerry, Ireland, and a daugliter
of Michael and Catherine (Green) Hurley. Tliey
were tlie parents of five children.' Ellen, .Icjlin,
Mary, Catherine, Hanora, all of whom came to
America, with the exception of the oldest, all mar-
rying and rearing families, excepting John. The
latter was an officer in the Fedeial Army, serving
as Sergeant during the late war, and was killed in
the battle of Lookout Mountain. Mary was the
(irst to come to the United States, taking up her
residence in Glens Fall, N. Y., in 1847, and then
subsequently removing to Chicago. Mrs. Bowe
came to the United States in 1852 and has ever
since been a resident of Illinois. Of her happy
wedded life with our subject the following children
have Iteen liorn : Philip S., John J., Michael M., Will-
iam M., and Agnes. AVilliam died at the age of
seventeen.

We have seen that our suljject is a self-made
man, and we may add, wiiat seems to be the uni-
versal testimony of the entire community, that he
is a strictly hor.oralile, straightforward man, a most
desirable citizen and In his domestic relations is all
that a considerate husband and wise fatlier should
be. He interests himself in public, social and reli-
gious matters and Itears a prominent part In the
civic life of Cf)untj' and township, having been
elected Supervisor to represent the township of
Will on the Count}' Board for five j'ears without

opposition, which fact speaks well for his popularity
and ability. In polities he Is a decided Democrat.
Religiously he and his wife are esteemed members
of the Reformed Church.

AVID S. HENNEBKRRY occupies one of
the fine tr.acts of land of whicii Wesley Town-
shij) l)oasts so many, being joint proprietor
with his brother John. It consists of two hundred
and seventy fertile acres on section 21, on which
both crops and stock are raised. The fields pro-
duce abund.-mtly under the intelligent manage-
ment to which they are subject, and the most care-
less eye will discern that the stock is in excellent
condition. The Messrs. Ilenneberry are single, but
their pleasant home is presided over by their sister
Jenny, who surrounds them with all the home
comfort which they desire.

In County Tipperary, Ireland, David Ilenne-
berry and Bridget Reeves were born. They be-
came man and wife, and have reared a famll}' of
seven children, viz: David; John and Annie
(twins), Jenny, Christopher, Mary and Agnes.
The imrcnts came to America in 1849, making
their first settlement in DuPage County, 111. Tlicv
removed thence to Grundy Count}-, and a few
j-ears later lo Marshall (bounty, where they so-
journed but a short time. Returning to Grundy
County they resided therein until 1883, when they
took up their abode on a farm on section 2, Wes-
ley Township, Will County, where they still live.

The subject of our sketch first opened his eyes
to the light of day December 31, 1857, in Grundy
County. He was educated in the district schools,
and began life for himself wiien seventeen years
old by hiring out on a farm. He worked as a farm
hand two years, then In 1876 with his brother
bought the place which they now occupy and oper-
ate. Being still young in years, they have plenty
of time before them in which to reach a high posi-
tion among the farmers of the county, and to add
to their already comfortable possessions.

Mr. Ilenneberry is now serving his fourth term
as Supervisor of Wesley Township, and In's con-

2fi0

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

tiiiiiance in office iiiflicatcs llic opinion that is lielcl
b}' liis fellow-citizens of his good judgment and
zeal. For three years he held the otliee of Road
Commissioner of the district. The Republican
ticket is ahvaj's voted by him, and he has ever
been active in [Kjlilii-al woi'k, both .as one of Ihe
rank and file of the jiartj', and as a delegate to
county and congressional conventions. He has the
ready speech and quick intelligence of the race
from which he descends, is respected as his good
qualities deserve, and like other members of his
family, is a devout member of the C'atholic Church.

ANIEL PATTERSON. In the ann.als of
Wheatland Towiishi|», the name of this gen-
tleman occupies an honorable place as one of
its efficient pioneers who h.as given practical aid in
maliing it one of the finest farming regions in this
section of the county. By steady' toil and excel-
lent management he has acijuired a valuable prop-
erty since he came to Illinois fort^^ years ago, and
he and his brother own a large tract of land, all
lying ill a body, and in a fine state of cultivation
and exceedingly well improved.

Our subject is a native of Dumfriesliire, Scot
land, born October 13, 1828. His parents were
John and Jane Patterson, also natives of that
country. He was reared in the land of his birth
on a farm, and received a fair education. Ambi-
tious to see something more of the world and to
liuild up a home for himself, he emigrated to Amer-
ica in 1850, taking passage at Liverpool on a sail
vessel. He encountered a heavy storm at sea
which lasted nearly a week, but at last, after a voy-
age of thirty-seven days, landed in safety in New
York City. From there he came directly to this
count}', and for a time made his home with his
brother Mungo. He finally settled on his present
farm on section 10, in which he owns a half inter-
est, his brother James, who lives with him, being
the proi)rietor of the remainder. This is one of
the largest farms in this vicinity, and is well pro-
vided with substantial buildings, modern machin-
ery and everything to operate it to advantage.

When he and his brother first took possession of it
it was in a wild condition, and by their united
labors the\' have made it what it is to-day. Their
farm is well stocked, as they pay much attention
to that branch of business. When they began
farming here Lockport was their grain market, and
grain was shipped to Chicago from that jdace by
canal. Almost the entire growth of this section of
Illinois has taken place under their eyes, and they
have ably assisted in |)laciug this county where it
is to-day, among the foremost agricultural counties
in the State.

The maiden name of Mr. Patterson's wife was
Jane Williamson, and she is also of Scottish birth.
He has found in her a true helpmate, one who is
devoted to the interests of her family-, and by her
patient toil has been a factor in liringing about his
prosperity. The}' have had ten children, of whom
the following are living: William, IJobert, Mar-
garet, John, Mary, (irace, Laura and Frank.

Mr. Patterson's life has been one of industrious
toil, guided by discretion, prudence and sound
common sense, that have placed him among the
moneyed men of Wheatland. He has always <lis-
played the qualities which mark a good citizen, is
loyal to his adopted country, and gives his alleg-
iance to the Republican party. A man of earnest
views and strong principles, he is a firm temperance
advocate. He has interested himself in forward-
ing the educational advantages of the township as
School Director, which office he still holds.

C-^-^HOMAS DOKt. New Lenox Township [irob ■
,y«<^\ abl}' has not a more enterprising, lilieral or
Vg>^' public-spirited man within its limits than he
with whose name we initiate this sketch. He is a
life-long farmer by occupation, but notwithstand-
ing the cares and labors involved in looking prop-
erly after a large tract of land, he has always taken
time to keep himself informed in regard to the
various enterprises calculated to benefit his com-
munity, and to these has given his uniform sup-
port. His well-tilled fields yield abundaiitl\- the
choicest crops of Northern Illinois, and he culti-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

261

vales them with the latest improved machinery'
He has a neat anrl substantial farm dwelling, and
the various outbuildings required for tiie proper
prosecution of his calling.

Thomas Doig traces his ancestrj' to one of the
best nationalities on the face of the globe, being
the son of Andrew Doig, wlio was born September
21, 17H7, on the river Tay, in the city of Dundee,
in Forfarshire, Scotland. The latter when reacli-
ing manhood married Miss Isabella Fife, a native
of his own shire, tiie wedding occurring in October,
1805, at Dundee. The father set out for America
in 1830, and located at Philadelphia, Pa., where he
was joined by his family two years later, and they
lived tliere several years. He followed Ids trade
of a stonecutter, was a skilled workman, and was
employed in the erection of Oirard College, the
Exchange Building, and other important edifices
in the city of Brotherly Love.

Early in the '40s the parents of our subject
removed to Washington, D. C, where Andrew
Doig continued his former business, also being con-
cerned in the erection of various public buildings,
including the postoffice, and he put up tiie self-
supporting hanging stairs, a piece of architecture
diiticult to accomplish, and wliicli lias been gazed
upon liy admiring thousands. He was also em-
ployed on the Capitol Building and other import-
ant structures, remaining there until 1847. That
j'ear he decided to seek his fortunes in the West,
and coming to Will County settled in Homer Town-
ship, and securing a tract of land changed his
occupation to that of a farmer. He built up a com-
fortable home and lived there until after the death
of the mother, who passed away May 4, 1861. Mr.
Doig survived his estimable partner for a period
of twenty-six years, departing this life at the home
of his son Alexander, on Maple Street, New Lenox
Township, February 17, 1887.

To the parents of our subject there was born a
family of leu children, of whom the record is as
follows: Mary Ann died in Philadelphia in girl-
liood; Elizabeth became the wife of William Fer-
guson and died in Cliicago, 111.; Thomas resides
on Maple Street in New Lenox Township; Andrew
is a miller by trade and lives in McTIenry County;
Jessie died in Philadelphia when quite 3'oung;

James is farming in the State of Kansas; Isabella
is the wife of St.anton Lynk, of New Lenox Town-
ship; William died at Hadley, in Homer Township,
when a youth of sixteen years; Alexander is farm-
ing in New Lenox Township; John H. prosecutes
.agriculture in the same township.

The subject of tliis notice w^as the third cliild of
his parents and is also a native of Dundee, Scot-
land, born March 3, 1826. He came to America
with his mother in 1832, and at the early age of
twelve years started out to earn his own living,
being employed in a butcher shop in Philadelphia
until a youth of eighteen. He then accompanied
the family to Washington, 1). C, where he was
emploj^ed at bricklaying three years. We next
find him in Baltimore, Md., where he was similarly
employed until 1849. In the fall of that year he
came to this county, locating in Homer Townshii),
but in 1850 joined the caravan moving toward the
Pacific Slope, and until January, 1853, was en-
gaged in hunting for the yellow ore. He was fairly
successful, but decided to return to Homer Town-
ship, and a year later settled on Maple Street in
New Lenox Township. In May, 1854, he removed
to his present farm, where he has since resided and
given his entire attention to its improvement and
cultivation. He has one hundred and seventy -two
acres of good land with modern improvements.

Thomas Doig was married in Chicago, 111., May
5, 1854, to Mrs. Ann M. (Lynk) Van Duser. This
lady was born in Columbia Township, N. Y., No-
vember 17, 1820, and is a daughter of Z. W. and
Sallie (Harder) Lynk, mention of who'ii is made
in the sketch of Stanton Lynk, on anotlier page in
this Ai.iiUM. Her first husband w.as Gilbert Van
Duser, who died on Maple Street, New Lenox
Townsliip, April 2, 1853. Of this union there
were born two children: Sarah C'., the wife of Alex-
ander Doig, of New Lenox Tovvnsliip, and John I.
who died here in April, 1882.

Mr. and Jlrs. Doig are the parents of four chil-
dren, viz: Isabella, who died in childliood; Annie,
the wife of George L. Francis, of New Lenox
Township; Irene, who died young, and Tliomas J.,
who is farming in New Lenox Township. Mr.
Doig is a stanch Democrat, politically, and has
taken an active part in the councils of his party,

262

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

lioklii)<r various ])ositions of trust and responsibil-
itj', and representing his township in the Counts-
Board of Supervisors. Mrs. Doig is a member in
good standing of tlie ^fethodist Episcopal Cluirch.
The family liokl a good social position in thecom-
nuinity, and are contributing their full quota toward
the promotion of its best interests.

•<>• — •^ — * j::^^:^^:z * CT ' — •<>•

--W^

felLLIAM GEORGE JACKSON. Froba-
'fl bly no business man in the cit}' of .Toliet
is more shrewd, careful and persistent in
his operations, or displays a greater vigor in his
undertakings than the above-named gentleman,
who withal is modest and conscientious in his deal-
ings. A few years ago he abandoned the occupa-
tion in which he had previously been engaged, to
embark as a furniture dealer, which he thought
would l)c a more congenial and money-making
business. He has been well repaid for the change,
his present enterprise reaching a trade of S!20,000
per year.

Mr. .Jackson is of English ancestry and parent-
age, and belongs to a family which for five genera-
tions had followed the same business. In 1841
his parents. AV. .S. and Frances M. (Ilogbin) .Tack-
son, left the mother country to make a home in
America. They located at L^tica, N. Y., where our
subject was born, October 27, 1851, being one of
three sons and one daughter who comprised the
parental lioiisehold. The father was a first-class
butcher and did a large market liusiness. Young
•lackson finished a commercial course of stud)' at
the age of twentj--two j'ears, and being ready to
embark in business for himself followed the foot-
steps of his ancestors, thinking it a rut from which
he could not escape.

In 1878 Mr. Jackson determined to seek a home
farther west than his native State, and after trav-
eling around considerably decided upon Joliet as
his future location, lie went into J. J. Culver's
meat market, but in the latter part of August. 1879,
started a similar business for himself in the build-
ing next door to the First National Bank, where he
remained until the Hoard of Trade building w.as

erected on North Ottawa Street. Into that he
moved, continuing to jn-osper. and soon afterward
bu3'ing a splendid home just outside the city
limits.

It took many hard knocks to bring .about the
prosperity which is so easily men'^ioned, and it w.as
not without some misgivings that in 1884 Mr. Jack-
son abandoned the block to engage in his new
enterprise. On tlie 1st of September he rented
the entire second lloorof the Board of Trade IMock.
and with this and his market store-room he bloomed
out with a first-class furniture repository. The
many friends he h.ad made in his old business nat-
urally clung to him in the new, and a deserved
success has been his.

On April 20. 1876, at the home of the bride in
New Hartford, N. Y., the rites of wedlock were
celebrated between our subject and Miss Maggie
E. Craig. This lady is a daughter of James Craig,
was the recipient of careful home training and ex-
cellent educational advantages, and her cultured
mind, refined manners and fine cliar.actcr fit her for
the positions of wife and mother, and member of
society. She h.-is borne her husband three children,
named respectively: (xcorge Elliott, born Septem-
ber 18, 1878, Clarence Mason, born October 20,
l!J80, and Cleora W., born February 4, 1884. Mr.
J.sckson is a Republican. He belongs to the Ma-
sonic fraternity-, to the Knights of Pythias, and to
several insurance societies.

0-^:»t^-*g-2);^-«-«^-<S-

OriS WENBERG was born in the southern
(?§) part of Sweden in 1856, and grew to man-
^^ hood in his native land, engaging in the
occupations of a farmer and stonemason. At the
age of tw-enty-four years, in compan}- with his
m(>thcr and four brothers, he embarked at Gutten-
berg and ere long landed in New- York. They
came West at once, locating in Joliet, where our
subject resumed his trade of a stonemason and his
brothers engaged as quarrymen. Tw-o years later
the Wenberg brothers and a brother-in-law formed
a co-|iartnership under the style of Wenberg it Co.,
and having bought three acres of land on Maple

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRArillCAL ALBUM.

265

Street, embarkerl in the business of qnariyiiig.
Business grew rapidi)', (inrl by 1889 they had trans-
acted a trade which reached tlie value of $46,000.
The firm of Wenberg & Co. was dissolved in 1890,
Alfred Wenberg and his brother-in-law taking the
department of contracting and masonry, and Louis,
our subject, continuing the quarry business alone.

Of the four brothers of our subject two are now
deceased. I'^rank was born in 1818 and died in
1886; Peter was born in 1850 and died in 1884,
leaving two chiUlren, whose home is with his
luotlier. Tliis estimable lad3' was born in 1821,
and is now living in .loliet with her grandchildren.
She is noted for her excellence of character, and is
regarded witii loving respect by hosts of friends.
Her husband died in Sweden in 1878. The mother
and sons were preceded to America by a sister of
our subject, Ida Louisa, who married Charles E.
Swerberg in 1881, and died in 1885, leaving one
child.

Louis Wenberg was married in 1883 to Miss
Lottie Soderland, a native of .Sweden, who came to
America in 1882. To them have been born two
children: Albert, aged five years, and Laura, aged
ten niontiis, whose childish beauty and l)right ways
are a C(nistant delight to their parents. INIr. Wenberg
lias risen by his own industry and judgment to an
honorable place, and is highly respected for his
integrity and social qualities. Uoth Mr. and Mrs.
Wenberg belong to the Swedish Baptist Church.

GEORGE M. CAMPBELL, Secretary, Treas-
urer and General Manager of the Joliet
Stone Company, is one of that class of men
who have been instrumental in advancing the ma-
terial interests of the city. A residence of nearly
twent3'-eight j'ears, during which he has made for
himself a good record, both in social and luisiness
circles, has fully established him in the esteem and
confidence of all who know him. With the excep-
tion of three years, one of which was spent in the
South, and two at his old home in New England,
he has been a continuous resident of Joliet since
April, 18C2.

The native place of t)ur subject was in Unit}-,

Waldo County, Me., and the date of his birth Jan-
uary 5, 1848. He is the son of John B. and Mar-
garet W. (Norton) Campbell, the former of whom
was a native of Montville, Me. The father of our
subject, grew to mature years in his native town,
and at an early age went to sea and followed
a sailor's life for four years, in the meantime be-
coming (irst mate of a vessel. He then learned
the trade of a carpenter, and finally became expert
as an architect and a skilled mechanic. After mar-
riage he moved to Medford, Mass., and thereafter
lived in several [ilaccs in the Bay State until 1857,
employing himself as an artisan. That year he
resolved to seek the far west and removed with
his family across the Mississipi)i to Lynn County,
Iowa, settling at a point sixty-five miles beyond
a railroad. He still continued at his trade and
took the lead in the building interests of that
section of the llawkeye State, putting up some
of the best structures in the surrounding countrj',
including Central Citj'. At that place he built the
first church and schoolhouse and left the marks of
his handiwork upon various other important struc-
tures, remaining there until 1862.

In the spring of 1862, Mr. Campbell returned
East as far as Joliet, III., where he followed his
trade one year, and then on account of an accident
which crip})led one of his hands, he turned his
attention to portrait painting, taking up the art
readily and becoming very proficient. He subse-
quently returned to Iowa, where he lives at a i)leas-
ant country seat, called "The Pines," situated two
miles east of the capitol building at Des Moines.
He was first identified with the Whig party, and is
now a stanch Republican and one of the leading
men of his county.

The parental family of our subject consisted of
three children, the youngest of whom died in in-
fancy. The survivors are George INL, our subject,
and Susan E., now the wife of Gurdon Eox, of
Des Moines, Iowa. The mother is likewise living.
She was born January 16, 1827, while the father
was born September 15,1822. Mrs. Camjibell was
in her girlhood Miss Marg.aret W. Norton. She
was born near Bucks Harbor, Me., in what is now
the town of Brooksville, in the same house under
whose roof her father first opened his eyes to the

2G6

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

light, though at tlie time of his birth the place
formert a part of the State of Massachusetts.

George M. Campbell pursued his early studies in
the Joliet schools and completed them in the Eng-
lish and Classical Institute at Springfield, Mass.,
where he spent tvvo 3'ears. He then occupied him-
self as a teacher in Tennessee at the foot of Lone
Mountain for five months. We next find him in
Joliet, whore he followed the trade of a carpenter,
which he had learned from his father, and he soon
commanded jourue.yman's pay. While at school
he had taken a commercial course and became fitted
for an accountant and now occupied himself in this
capacity from July, 1867, until May, 187.5.

The next move of Mr. Campbell was to embark
in business for himself, having as his partner, Mr.
George H. Monroe. In 1875, the Joliet Stone
Company was formed and incorporated two i^ears
later with Mr. Monroe as I'resident and Mr. Camp-
bell as Secretary and Treasurer. The latter also
became interested in the Crescent Stone Company,
Joliet, and is at present one of its Directors. lie
is also engaged in real estate to a certain extent.

Mr. Campbell has always been an active worker
in the Republican part}^ but with the exception of
serving as Assistant Supervisor of Joliet, he has
declined to assume the responsibilities of office. He
was married December 25. 1873, to Miss Elizabeth
R., daughter of the Hon. Henry Snapp. Mr. Snapp
in former years was a noted attorney and repre-
sented this district in Congress. He is now living
retired from the active duties of life in San Jose.
Cal. Mrs. Campbell was born in Joliet, this county,
August 25, 1851, and obtained her education in the
common schools. She possesses considerable musi-
cal talent and perfected herself in this accomplish-
ment in Chicago. ]Mr. and Mrs. Campbell have
two children. Jessie M. and Ida A. Our subject
and his estimable wife are members of the Uiiivcr-
salist Church.

The Joliet Stone Company was incorporated in
1877 with a capital of 830,000, which later was in-
creased to §100,000. The principal quarries are
near the foot of Richards Street and from them are
ol)tained the largest output of any quarry in this
part of Illinois, the district covering an area of
about eighty acres from which is taken all the va-

rieties of stone known to this region. The main
olHce is at Joliet and there are five branch offices
in Chicago to which is run a fleet of boats owned
by the couipanj- and operated by a force of two
hundred and fifty men during the busy season.
They have connection with all the raihoads center-
ing in Joliet, being the only quarrj- enjoying such
ample transportation facilities.

On another page of this Album appears a litho-
graphic portrait of Mr. Campbell.

y ALTER J. FIDDYMENT. After years
of well-directed efforts as one of thefarm-
^ ,, ers and business men of Lockport, this
gentleman h;is retired in affluence to the enjoyment
of an elegant home and the society of a charming
family. He is a son of John and Sophia (Blogg)
Ftddj'ment, natives of Norfolk, England, where he
was born, April 3, 1837. His father came to
America the same year, and was joined by the
mother and son in 1839. John Fiddj-ment was a
distiller, and carried on his business in Lockport
until 18G5, when he removed to a farm in Lock-
port Township.

Walter J. Fiddymeut attended the public schools,
proving an apt pupil and fitting himself for a pra<--
tical application of the theories which he learned
with his father. When his father removed to his
farm our subject engaged in farming with him,
but resided in Lockport. In 1881 he embarked in
the business of a quarryman, by opening a quarrv
at Lockport, in which the quality of the stone is
unsurpassed. B3- strict attention to business and
honorable methods, his product obtained a ready
sale, and the business which began with but a few
n)en, emplo3'ed from one to two hundred when our
subject disposed of his interest in 1889.

In 1886 Mr. Fiddyment organized a stock com-
pany called the Lockport Stone Company, of which
lie became President; Olas Paulsen. Secretary and
Treasurer; W. J. Fiddyment, Olas Paulsen and
J. C. Fiddyment, son of our subject. Directors.
The business was extended until it became one of

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

26:

the best equipped and most profitable plants in the
West. Having disposed of liis plant to the West-
ern Stone Com pan}'. Mr. Fiddjment retired from
the hiisiness. He has always been noted for his
lil)cr;ihl V nnd geniality. In politics he is a Demo-
crat. The lecord of liis business life is creditable
aUkc to liis financial ability and manly spirit, while
his personal character 'omniands the respect of his
friends.

Tlie marriage of Mr. Fiddynicnt and Miss Ellen
.1. Claikson took place in 1862, and has been blessed
with llic Itirth of fourteen children, eleven of whom
arc living \n Will County near the parental home.
Mrs. Fiddyment is a native of Joliet and belongs
to one of the oldest and most honored families of
the county. She is a member of St. Dennis Cath-
olic Church, is a woman of devout Christian char-
acter, and possesses the gracious manners which are
St) ciiarminir in a hostess.

^ FORGE M. J>YND. It affords the bio-
(- — , graphical writer pleasure to be able to re-
JA\ cord in this volume the main incidents in
Lhe life of an honest and upright citizen, a good
business man and a patriotic soldier, who has been
well known in Lockjiort for a number of years.
Mr. L3nd was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1836.
\nd as the fortunate son of educated parents and
Lhe inheritor of the zeal and mental ability which
have characterized his progenitors, he became pro-
Rcient in book lore and capable of performing well
Ills part in life.

The father of him of whom we write was Samuel
Lynd, a native of Gerraantown. Pa., who devoted
liimself to the ministry in the Baptist Church. Such
was his devotion to the cause of the Master that
he left a lucrative position in the East and came to
Cincinnati, Ohio, when it was but a straggling vil-
lage. There he remained eighteen years, building
up a large congregation, afterward going to St.
Louis, Mo., as pastor of the First Baptist Church.
He was chosen as President of the Western Baptist
Theological Institute, located at Covington, Ky.,

and moved to Georgetown, Ky. Subsequently he
came to Chicago, 111., as pastor of the North Street
Churi'h. but was recalled to Cincinnati, where he
closed an active ministry of forty-five years, to
spend his last days with his sc)n in Lockport.

The wife of this able minister and the mother of
our subject was born in New .Jersey, and was a
daughter of the Rev. James Staughton, at onetime
Chaplain of the House of Representatives at Wash-
ington, D.C. The Rev. Mr. Staughton \va.s the divine
whose eloquence made Chatham Street Ciiurch, of
Philadel|)hia, famous, drawing thither such crowds
that the capacity- of the building was never suffic-
ient to accommodate them, although the edifice
was so s[>.acions that no successor was able to fill it,
and it was eventually torn down.

The subject of this sketch was educated in the
school [iresided over by his father, and began his
l)ersonal career as a teacher, his [larticular field
being that of a private tutor. "The shot heard
round the world" aroused him from his peaceful
calling, and answering the first call for troops to
suppress the Rebellion, he enlisted in Company C,
One Hundredth Illinois Infantry. His command-
ing officers were Capt. Bacon and Col. Bartleson,
under whose leadership he saw service in the West,
participated in the battle of Chicknniauga and in
Sherman's march to the sea. He was subsequently
sent back to Nashville, where he assisted Gen.
Thomas to defeat and destroy Hood's army. He
was never touched by a bullet, but passed through
the many dangerous scenes of war unscathed, ex-
hibiting the qualities which led to his successive
j)romotious from the rank of Sergeant to that of
Captain, which he held when mustered out.

Upon returning to the North at the close of the
war Mr. Lynd entered the grocery business with his
brother-in-law, Mr. Lull, in Lockport, 111., and to-
gether they carried on a growing trade for a num-
ber of years. About a decade ago Mr. Lull retired,
his former partner continuing the business at the
old stand, where he has an excellent trade and en-
deavors to meet every want of his patrons. Mr.
Lynd is fortunate in his home life, having won as
his companion Miss Mary M. Blount, whose family
is one of the oldest and most prominent in the
county. Her father, Samuel Blount, was the first

268

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Supervisor of Iloiner Townsliip. Mr. and Mrs.
Lynd are the pnrents of twodnughters — Carrie and
Louise. Mr. Lynd is a nicmljcr of Gooding Post,
G. A. R., at Locliport.

-^^

E^M'

AUTIN WKSTPHAL was born at Bram-
stadt, Holstein, October 27, 1837, when
that section of the country was under
Danish rule. In 1856 lie came to America,
and in the fall of the same year located in Crete,
tills county ; here he remained until 1863, when
coming to Joliet, he was employed as Deputy Re-
corder until the autumn of 1869. Having been
admitted to the bar, he now began the practice of
law, and in 1875, opened the German Loan & Sav-
ings Bank, which he continues at present with the
assistance of his two sons as clerks.

1 ERG AN BROS. The Messrs. Michael. John
and Daniel Bergan own and operate three
hundred and tweut3' acres of land on sec-
tion 4, Manhattan Township, their specialty
being the importing, breeding and sale of horse-
flesh. The}- have become known far and near for
their herd of Shetland ponies which generally
numbers from fift}- to sixtj' head; and for the fine
Kentucky saddle horses in which they deal. The}'
also raise draft horses, full-blooded Short horn
cattle, thorough-bred Cottswold sheep and full-
blooded Poland-China swine. The zeal which they
have manifested in their business is bringing them
the success which they merit, and they have the
pleasure of knowing that in their former line of
labor they were also successful, not only gaining
worldly goods, but relieving their parents of a
great burden and securing their choicest blessing.
Martin Bergan, the father of our subject, was
born in County Kilkenne}', Ireland, in 1803, and
tilled the soil in his native land until the fall of
1847. In November he bade adieu to the Emer-
ald Isle, crossed the Atlantic to New Orleans and

started nortliward with his family. The river
froze so that he was not able to reach Joliet, 111.,
until Ai)ril, 1848. He then bought eighty acres of
raw land which now forms a p.art of the Bergan
Bros, estate. At that time the township of Tren-
ton, comprising what are now Green Garden and
Manhattan Townships, contained but seven voters,
and Mr. Bergan is the oldest settler therein now
living. He improved and operated his farm, for
some 3'ears being very successful, and adding to
his landed estate until his possessions here
amounted to three hundred and twenty acres and
he held laud elsewhere in the county. Misfortune,
however, overtook him about a decade since, and
he retired, his sons assuming control of affairs with
the determination to recover all that he had seem-
ingly lost.

Mr. Bergan has at different times been the in-
cumbent of the various township offices, and he has
also been useful in his day and generation b}' re.i-
son of the assistance which he has given to the
cause of education and religion. He put up the
first schoolhouse in his district and has helped to
build churches. He has alwaj-s voted the Demo-
cratic ticket. He is now eighty-seven years of age,
while his wife, formerly Miss Esther Welsh, of
County Kilkenn}', Ireland, has reached her three-
score years and ten. Both belong to the Catholic
Church and as devout believers have reared their
children in the tenets of the faith. Their family
includes Michael, Mary, John and Nicholas, who
were born in Ireland, and two of whom are mem-
bers of the firm of which we write. Mary is the
wife of John Peterson and lives in Harris, Ander-
son County, Kan., and Nicholas resides in Nuckolls
County, the same State. The children born in
America are William, who died at the age of
twenty-eight years; Mrs. Bridget Hayden, of Flor-
ence; Ann, widow of Tbom.as C. Kelly, who lives
witli her iiarents; Daniel, of the firm of Bergan
Bros.; and Martin, who keeps a livery stable in
Manhattan.

The three brothers, of whom we write, were
reared upon the farm which they now operate and
the work of which they learned the rudiments of
when quite joung. They enjoyed the privileges
of the district school in which they acquired a

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

269

practical education. John was the hunter of the
famil}- ami made several trips to Green Ba^-, Wis.,
and the hunting grounds of Minnesota, where he
spent some time in hunting and trapping, doing
well in this occupation. In 1880, after their father's
misfortune, the}' put their shoulder to the wheel
and togetiier bought the home farm and engaged
in the cultivation of grain. They worked liard,
managed carefuUj' and won success, soon being re-
warded by seeing tlie mortgage lifted and having
the deed of a well-improved farm in their posses-
sion.

The brothers gradually worked into the stock
business and in 1887 began importing Shetland
ponies. John Bergan went to the Shetland Islands
bringing back a herd and is now making his" fourth
trip thither. They not only import but they also
breed the little animals, having the best herd of
brood mares in the country. It includes Minnie
Warren, the smallest brood mare in the United
States; her weight is but one hundred and ninety
[xiuiids. She took the honors at the American
Horse Show, in Chicago, where tliree other first
premiums were secured by the Bergan Bros. Their
ponies are all registered. Few prettier sigiits can
be imagined than that afforded by the playful an-
tics of the tin}' equines.

The Bergan Bros., keep nothing but fine stock,
and in all their labors use the latest farm machinery,
likewise keeping up to the times in the construc-
tion and arrangement of necessary buildings. An
immense barn having a frontage of one hundred
and sixty feet affords stabling and shelters the
large amount of hay and grain needed to supply
the wants of the stock. The land is watered by
Jackson Creek and is further supplied with the
cooling liquid by means of a windmill and tank,
wiiile a lieauliful orchard and shade trees provide
fruit and afford shelter from the scorching rays of
the sun.

In 1888 the Bergan Bros., assisted to organize
the American Shetland Pony Association, of which
John Bergan is Vice-President. All are members
of the Grange at Manhattan, three miles distant
from their home, and Daniel is Treasurer of the
Lodge. lie has also been Highway Commissioner
for four years and is now serving as School Direc-

tor. He is likewise a member of the Central Com-
mittee of the Democratic party, to the principles of
which all the brothers stanchly adhere. They be-
long to the Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Joliet,
and have a high standing among its members.

^.| LLEN G. HAWLEY, editor of the Will
iLM County Commercial Advertise); was born
in Centralia, 111., April 25, 1858. He is
the son of Henry S. and Deborah (Bramen)
Hawle}', natives of the Empire State, who settled
in Lockport early in the '30s. Our subject was
educated in the public schools of Lockport and
at an early age entered the otHce of the Lockport
Courier, which was then edited by N. S. Grim-
wood, the balloonist. After two years spent in
the employ of that gentleman he entered the office
of the Joliet Sun, where he finished his apprentice-
ship. He had become thoroughly conversant with
the printer's trade, and had also acquired a good
knowledge of journalistic work in editorial and
other departments.

In 1877 Mr. Hawley opened a small job |)rint-
ing office in Lockport, and during the same year
began the publication of the Lockport Standard.
The enterprising spirit of the man and his ambition
to reach a high standing in the fields of journalism
was not satisfied with this enterprise, and he, there-
fore, began the publication of the Advertiser, be-
lieving that a sheet of this nature would reach a
larger circulation and a more influential place. He
began it by himself filling the vai ious positions of
editor, reiiorter, printer, devil and business man-
ager. The plant consisted of one old jtress pro-
pelled Ijy hand.

Ere long the standing of the paper had become
sufficiently assured to allow the use of horse-power
to run the press, and eventually the business grew
until all the modern appliances of a first-class es-
tablishment were obtained and steam became the
motive power. The Coinniercial Advertiser now
has eight editions for as m.-ui}- places in Will
County. Mr. Hawley is without a [leer as a solici-

270

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

tor for advertising and job work, and is what in
Western parlance would be called a "hustler."

The enterprise of Mr. Hawley is n(_)t confined
to tiie newspaper business, but in 1888 he Imilt a
brick building at No. 407 Chicago Street, Joliet,
and in I88it inaugurated the electric light system
in Lockport. He introduced the Edison incandes-
cent light, placed the business on a firm basis and
then diposed of his interest to Norton A- Co. He
is now building for himself an elegant home,
which, when completed, will be a ciedit to the
city. As he is yet in his thirties and has not yet
reached the highest point of man's vigor, it is liut
natural to suppose tliat this section of country will
hear yet more of his work in years to come.

In IsTll ]\Ir. Hawley led to the hyoieneal altar
Miss Aretta M. Riggs, of Pontiac, a lady well fitted
to assist iu building up his fortunes and making a
liappj' home. She is a native of Pennsylvania,
descends from an old family, and inherits the pro-
verbial industry of the ancestral race. She worked
in the priuting-ofHce as long as her assistance was
needed, and has by her clear understanding and
good advice also assisted her husband in his labors.
'Mr. Hawley takes uo siiecial interest in politics,
but is descended from Republican ancestors. He
belongs to the lodges of the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows and Masonic fraternity, and to the
Universalisl Church. The Hawley family have
been pillars in that church for years and assisted
in founding the university of that failh.

ICHAEL WALTER. No better example
of pluck amid discouragements can be
found than iu the life of this gentleman,
who is a prominent grocery man of Lock-
port. His industry is tireless, his integrity be-
yond question, and his personal popularitj' almost
iail)ounded. He is liberal-hearted, generous to a
fault, his good traits of head and heart win for him
the respect and friendship of all who know him,
while in citizenship he is progressive and energetic.
Mr. Walter was born in Kleinwelzheim, Ger-
many, December 6, 1838, but became a resident of

America in 18.')1. He learned the trade of a shoe-
maker but after working at it for sometime, he
became a clerk in the store of J. S. Finch, subse-
(pientl3- finding employment with N. S. Rafferty,
who was eng.aged in the clothing business. Tiring
of indoor life ^oung Walter left Lockport in 18.'j9,
and went to Pike's Peak where he endured all the
hardships which were to be met with in the rough
mining camps. H" returned to Lockport with but
little to show for his peril and toil, except the ex-
perience of human nature which he had gained.

The smoke of the shots upon Ft. .Sumter had
scarcely disap|ie;u-ed, when at the first call for vol-
unteers young Waltei' answered by enrolling his
name in a Lockport artillery' company. The date
of his enlistment was April 19, 1861, and the term
three months. At the expiration of that time he
le-enlisted as a member of Dresser's Batter^-, and
was assigned to duty in Battery D, Second Ar-
tillery-. During the severe campaigns of that bat-
ter^' he was never absent from his post of dutj'.
The batterj- was organized at Cairo and mustered
into service in December, 1861, beginning their
active work at Ft. Douelson, where they partici
pated in the entire siege. They then went to
Pittsburg Landing and on the Friday preceding
the great battle took u]) their position, being in
constant readiness until the opening of the fierce
conflict Sunday, December 6. Batter}- D was one
of those that formed on the advanced line within
one hundred j'ards of Shiloh Church and was not
surprised at the first onset of the enemy.

Battery D accompanied Gen. Grant to Corinth
and subsequently went with Col. Ben Grierson on
his famous raid, after which they did post duty
until ordered to join the expedition against Vicks-
burg. rhey accompanied Sherman on his march
from Vieksburg to Meridian, Miss., and until mus-
tered out of the service November 21, 1864, Mr.
Walter took part in all the marches, raids and bat-
tles in which the battery participated. His record
for bravery and devotion to duty was second to
none, and he received the commendation of hissu-,
perior officers and the good will of his comrades.

At the close of the war Mr. Walter again re-
turned to Lockport and eng.aged in business, first
as a dealer in dry-goods. Disposing of this busi-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

271

ness he went to Lemout to superintend a store and
finally on Maj- 25, 1875, he began the business in
wliieh he is at present engaged. He was married
October 16, 1865, to Miss Margaret Pitts, a native
of this county, who bore him ten children, nine of
whom are living. Mrs. Waller died in 1881, and
Mr. Walter was again married in June, 1887, to
Miss Adline Heron. He is interested in the social
orders, being both a Mason and Odd Fellow and is
Commander of Gooding Post, G. A. R., at Lock-
port.

<i¥] OlIN H. BURKHART,Supervisor of DuPage
Township, occui)ies a pleasant home on sec-
tion 36. He is a well-informed and enter-
prising man. has been engaged in some form
of agricultural work since bo3'hood and commands
the respect of his fellovv-men. He was born in
Cook County, October 24, 1858, was educated in
llie public schools and finished the High School
studies at Lcmont. Subsequently he attended a
l)usiness college in Chicago, thus fitting himself for
a practical splierc of life.

In 1869, our subject removed with his parents
to Will Count}', here growing to manhood and be-
ginning his personal career which has not yet
taken him from the paternal fireside. He is a Re-
publican and has been called upon by his associates
to fill several official stations. For two terms ho
was Justice of the Peace, one year Assessor, and in
the spring of 1890 w.as elected Township Super-
visor.

Henry Burkhart, father of our subject, w.as born
in Saxon}', Germany, January 26, 1819, to George
and Susan C. Burkhart,also natives of that kingdom.
He was reared to manhood, receiving a fair educa-
tion in his native tongue, to which since coming to
America he has bj* personal effort added a knowl-
edge of English reading and writing. In 1845 he
emigrated, sailing from Bremen to New York in
forty-two da3's, and going at once to Erie County,
N. Y., where he worked as a farm hand for several
ye.irs. There he was married, October 31, 1848, to
Miss Fredericka Dorre, a German lady of fine
character and useful knowledge. She bore her part

in the cares and shared in the joys that he en-
countered until February 4, 1886. when she en-
tered into rest, leaving a wealth of .affectionate
remembrances.

The familj' of Henry and Susan Burkhart con-
sisted of seven children, five of whom survive their
mother. Emma is the wife of Peter Williams,
living in California ; John H. is at home; Charles
A. lives in Stockton, Cal.; Louisa is the wife of
George A. Hills, of Chicago; Anielia is at home.
In 1849, the father removed from the Empire
State to Cook County, 111., where he remained un-
1869. He then took up his abode in DuPage
Township, this county, on the farm that is the
home of our subject. It comprises eighty acres,
devoted principally to gardening, in which line
of agriculture Mr. Burkhart is meeting with de-
served success. He began life poor, and by economy
and industry has gained all that he has of woldly
goods. His political views arc like those of his
son, in whose public life he rejoices as a fond f.a-
tlier will, as a field suited to his talents and indi-
cating the reputation he bears.

ENRY W. OHLENDORF. Among the
younger members of the farming comrau-
^ nitj' of Crete Township the subject of this
notice may be properly mentioned as hav-
ing achieved success in more than an ordinary de-
gree. He was born July 17, 1857, at his father's
homestead on section 35, Crete Township, which is
now his property, and where he owns nearlj- three
hundred acres of some of the finest farming land in
this part of the State. This is well improved and
largely devoted to the breeding of fine stock, Mr.
Ohlendorf making a specialty of Holstein cattle
and Berkshiie swine. He was bred to farm pur-
suits from his youth, while his natural Iiabits of in-
dustry and enterprise ensure his continued success
in his undertakings.

The subject of this notice is the scion of a sub-
stantial old family, being the son of Henry Ohlen-
dorf, one of the oldest settlers of Crete Townslu[)
and one of its most successful farmers. The latter

•272

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

is a native of HesscCassel, Germany, ami was born
September 16, 1829. He was reared in his native
Province, becoming familiar willi agricullural pur-
snits anil obtaining a good education in tlie (Jer-
luan tongue. About the time of reaoliiiig his ma-
jority liis parents, John Henry and Sopliia (Sonne)
Ohlendorf, accompanied by the balance of their
family, emigrated to tlie United States, setting out
on a sailing-vessel from Brcmerhaven about 1860.
After a nine weeks' voyage they landed in New
York City, whence the^' proceeded directly to
Chicago, 111., and from there to Crete Townshii).

The grandfather of iVIr. Oblendorf, upon reach-
ing his destination, purchased one hundred and
sixty .ici'cs of partially improved land on section
35, where he built up a comfortable homestead
and reinained uith his good wife until the marriage
of their chlest son. They then removed to another
farm in Crete Towiisliip, and when their third son
was married removed the third time, buying a
farm each time a son was married, until tlie five
were all comfortably located. The parents finally
settled on a farm on section 19, where Grandfather
Ohlendorf died in 1882. He had then arrived at
the advanced age of nearly eighty years. His
widow, who is now nearly eighty years old, is still
living, making her home with her son, August.
Both were membars for many years of the Lutheran
Church.

Henry J. Ohlendorf, the father of our subject,
was the eldest of live sons and two daughters born
to his parents, all of whom were natives of Ger-
many and five of whom are still living, four of
them being in this county. Henry J. was mar-
ried to IMiss Minnie Arkenberg, who was born in
the Kingdom of Hanover, and who was quite
young when her [jarents emigrated to America.
They likewise settled in Crete Township and died
there. Mrs. Ohlendorf is still living and is now
[last fifty years of age. She has been from early
youth a consistent member of the Lutheran Church.
To her and her husband there was born a family
of four children, one of whom, a son, John, died
at the age of eleven years; Henry W., our subject,
was the eldest born; Emily is the wife of Henry
Trebold, a farmer of Crete Township; Regina lives
with her mother in Crete.

The subject of this notice received a careful

parental training, attended the district schools in
his native township and grew up healthful in
mind and body with strength auti courage for the
battle of life. When reaching his majority, he
crossed the Atlantic to visit the scenes of his
father's early years and his grandfather's home.
Tliis proved not only a pleasant but a very valu-
able experience, and he returned feeling that the
time and money thus employed could not have
been spent in a wiser manner. Subsequently he
was nmrried, in Crete Township, to Miss Mary
Hartni.inn. Mrs. Ohlendorf was born in this town-
ship June 18, 1861, and is the daughter of J<jlui
and Ellen (Behrens) tiartniann, who were likewise
natives of Germany and early settlers of this town-
ship, and who are now residents of Crete. Mrs.
Ohlendorf is a lady of more than ordinary intelli-
gence, and by her union with our subject has be-
come the mother of four bright children — Agnes,
Charles O., Walter and Ida. Both our subject and
his wife were trained in the doctrines of the Luth-
eran Church, to which they faithfully adhere. Po-
litically, Mr. Ohlendorf is a stanch supporter of the
Republican party. He has been tax collector of
his township for the past j'ear and is a man in
whom the community has entire confidence. He
is reliable in his business transactions and as a
farmer, skillful and progressive, and in all respects
is proving a worthy representative of one of t^e
leading families of this section.

ON. FKKI) KAUKA. It is probable that
no resident of Beecher is more widely
known than the Hon. Fred Kauka, a retired
farmer and ex-Representative. He was
born in Hcsse-Cassel, Germany, November 17,
1823, and lost his father when very young. His
mother married again, and slie and his stepfather
died after our subject became a resident of the
United States. He grew to maturity in the land
of his birth, receiving an excellent education in his
native tongue. lie married !Miss iSIary Hasenjaer,
and after the birth of one child the young couple

PORTRAIT BIOGRAPHICAL AND ALBUM.

275

et sail for the United States, leavino^Bremcriiaven
)ii the "Gaeta," Capt. Homeii eominaiuling. After
I voyage of seven weelts tliey landed in the Ameii-
■an metropolis, whence they went direct to Chicago.

Mr. Kaiika settled fourteen miles west of that
■ity, remaining there from 1847 to 18r)4, at which
ime he became a resident of Will County. He
iecurid one hundred and si.xty acres of Govern-
nent land on section 13, Washington Township,
lis homestead being surrounded by unbroken lands
levoid of habitation. He improved the estate,
seeing cultivated fields gradually take the place of
the primitive sod, and various improvements spring
lip about him. The enterprise which he displayed
redounded to his credit, and he became known as
one of the most judicious and enterprising farmers
in this vicinity. After some ^-ears he sold his fer-
tile estate and bought five acres on section 21, near
the town of Beecher. Here he has made his home
since 1881, retired from the arduous labors of
farm life, while yet surrounded with all which
makes country living pleasant.

Mrs. Kauka was born in Hesse-Cassel, August 25,
1823, and is the daughter of natives of that Duchy,
who were of pure Germain stock. They came to
America three years after their daughter, and set-
tling in this county, died here at an advanced age.
They were members of the Lutheran Church, as
were also the parents of Mr. Kauka. They were
the [larents of one son and three daughters, three
uf whom arc now living in Illinois and one in Iowa.
]Mrs. Kauka was the third in order of birth, and
like her brother and sisters was carefully reared
and well educated in her native land. She is an
excellent housewife, a kind neighbor and a devoted
wife and mother. She is the mother of seven chil-
dren, all now settled in homes of their own. Caro-
line is the wife of Jacob Frahm and lives on a farm
in Saunders Countj', Neb.; Mary is the wife of
Henry Letz, who operates a farm in AVasliington
Townshii), this county; Sophia married Fred Gev-
eke, who is farming in Fillmore County, Neb.; Liz-
zie is the wife of Peter Bla^-ne and resides in
Beeclur; Fred II. married F^mma Hattendorf, their
home being in Chicago ; Ellen is the wife of Thomas
Peterson, a mechanic in Chicago; Lavina married
Fred Dorman, a milkman in Chicago.

In 1877 Mr. Kauka was elected by the Republi-
cans of this county to represent them in the State
Legislature, and was re-elected in 1879. He served
on the committees of Agriculture and Horticulture
during the entire time that he was in the Legisla-
ture, and he also acted on special committees on
Mining, Manufacturing and Penitentiary. As a
committeeman he w.as painstaking and judicious,
and his friends have no reason to be ashamed of
the record which he made in the legislative halls.
As a local official he has served in various offices,
among them being those of Township Collector,
Su()ervisor, Commissioner of Highways, and Justice
of the Peace. In the latter office his term of serv-
ice amounted to sixteen years. This fact alone is
proof that his fellow-men regard him as upright,
intelligent, and interested in the best good of his
fellow-men. He and his estimable wife attend the
Congregational Church of Beecher.

,/f^ HARLES PETTIGREW. On the opposite
/if ^_ page appears a portrait of this gentlemen,
^^i^J who is Superintendent of the Illinois Steel
Works. He has for many years been intimately
connected with the business interests of Joli(^t and
is recognized everywhere as a man liberal and pub-
lic-spirited and of more than ordinary ability. He
was President of the first Building and Loan Asso-
ciation organized in the place and held the office
until the press of other business compeII'_'(l his res-
ignation.

One of the best countries on the face of the
globe claims Mr. Pettigrew as her son, he hav-
ing been born in Lanarksliirc, Scotland, February
4, 1844. His parents were John and Agnes
(Hislop) Pettigrew, who were likewise of Scotch
birth and ancestry; they are both living and are
now residents of Scotland. The father for many
years was engaged in the grocery trade and was a
man noted for his sturdy honesty and reliabilit}'.
The parental household included eight children:
John is a resident of Joliet; Charles, our subject, is
the second child; Ellen, Mrs. Scott, lives with her
husband in Melbourne, Australia; Isabel remains

•276

PORTllAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

in her native Scotland; Gavin, who resides in the
city of Loudon, England, is engaged in the mer-
cantile business; Andrew is proprietor of a dry-
goods establishment in the city of Glasgow, Scot-
land. One child, also named Isabel, died in infancy,
and Agnes when about twenty years of age.

The subject of this notice spent his boyhood
days in his native village of Lanark, ami after a
brief time spent in school went into the cotton fac-
tory of the Lanark Spinning Company, where be
remained seven years and until a youth of eigh-
teen. Then, determining upon a change of occupa-
tion, he repaired to the city of Glasgow and served
an apprenticeship of five years at the trade of a
machinist. Not yet satisfied with the condition of
his prospects he. in 1867, crossed the Atlantic and
making his way to Chicago, 111., followed his trSde
there until 1870.

In August,of the year above mentioned, Mr. Petti-
grew came to .loliet and entered the employ of what
is now known sis the Illinois Steel Company but
what was liien the Union Coal. Iron and Transpor-
tation Company, of which A. B. Meeker, was Presi-
dent. His fortunes now began to mend perceptibly
anil here he has since remained. B3- strict atten-
tion to his duties he secured tlie confidence of his
employers and in 1872 was promoted to the fore-
mansliip of the m.aehine shop. A year later he was
made Master Mechanic with its attendant duties
and responsibilities. In 1882 he became Assistant
Superintendent and in 1889, was appointed Super-
intendent, which office he still tills to the entire
satisfaction of all.

Upon becoming a voting citizen Mr. Pettigrew
identified himself with the Republican partj-, but he
has meddled very little in politics with the excep-
tion of serving as an Alderman of the First Ward
for two years. He took unto himself a wife and
helpmate in June, 1869, Miss Agnes, daughter of
Daniel and Agnes (Stewart) Cameron. Mrs. Petti-
grew, like her husband, is a native of Lanarksliire,
Scotland, and was born in December, 1844. Her
childhood home was in the same town as that of
her husband. Her parents were of Scotch birth
and ancestrj- and are now deceased. To Mr. and
Mrs. Pettigrew there hare been born three chil-
dren, the eldest of whom, r daughter, Edith Stew-

art, is the wife of H. H. Delos and lives in Chicago.
The other daughters, Agnes and Clara Belle, are at
home with their parents. The Pettigrew family
occupies a tasteful and commodious residence at
No. 709 Collins Street, and is numbered among
the first families in the social circles of the city.

ENRY COLE. One of the finest farms
within the limits of Crete Township is
-^^ owned and occupied bj- !Mr. Cole, who is
recognized as one of its leading citizens.
This comprises his father's old homestead, embrac-
ing four hundred and ten acres, finelj' located and
improved, well watered, and plentifully supplied
with timber. Among its valuable features is a
mineral spring which is utilized b3' both the pro-
prietor and outsiders.

The main points in the history of the subject of
this notice are as follows: He is the son of the
well-known Erastus Cole, a native of New Hamp-
shire and of English descent. The latter when a
child of three 3'ears was taken by his parents to
Herkimer Count}-, N. Y., where he was reared and
educated, and where he lived until forty years old.
In the meantime he learned cabinet-making, which
he followed in the Empire State until 1838, and in
that 3-ear he came to Illinois, an unmarried man
and secured a tract of Government land, which
land is now comprised in the farm occupied by his
son Ilenr^', and which he secured at a land sale in
Chicago. It embraced a part of Sections 5, 6, 7
and 8, in what is now Crete Township, and there he
spent the remainder of his life, dying in 1864, when
sixtj'-six 3-ears old.

Erastus Cole w.as an honest, hard-working man
who gained a competence through his own efforts.
Possessed of more than ordinarj- intelligence, and
decided in his views, he was first a member of the
Whig party, a stanch Abolitionist during the
slavery days, and died firmly grounded in Re-
publican doctrines. His religious views accorded
with those of the old school Baptist church. After
coming to Illinois he was married in Danville to
Mrs. Martha (Boardman) Gilbert. This lady was

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

277

born in Rnshville Township, Ontaiio County, N.
Y., in 1810, and came of American parentage. .She
grew to womanhood in her native county, nnil was
tliere married to Asel Gilbert. They lived in New
York .State until about 1835, then came to Illinois
and settled near Danville, where Mr. (Gilbert en-
gaged in farming and died. To Jlr. and Mrs. (Gil-
bert were born three children, all of whom are now
deceased.

Mrs. Cole proved the true helpmate of her hus-
band in all his worthy undertakings, and contributed
by her good judgment and frugality, largely to his
success. She survived him a number of 3'ears, and
died at her home in Crete February 28, 1.H70, at the
age of sixty years. For some time she had been a
member of the Congregational Church. Of her
union with Jlr. Cole there were born three children,
two daughters and a son. The eldest, Kmma, was
married to 1). P. Shoemaker, and died in 1880 in
LaPorte County, Ind., at the age of thirty-eight
vears, leaving two sons. Mr. Shoemaker is still
living and a resident of Indiana. Miss Ellen Cole
is unmarried and a resident of Joliet. Henry, our
subject, was the eldest born. He was reared on the
farm and completed his studies at the village schools
of Crete.

Mr. Cole was married in Crete April 22, 1862, to
Miss Lucy A., daughter of O. 0. and Lydia (Skin-
ner) Bordwell. Mrs. Cole was born April 5, 184.5,
in Shetburne, Mass., of which State her parents
were also natives an<l where they were reared and
married. They came to Illinois in 1854, settling in
Crete, but in 1866 removed to Manteno where they
are now living retired from active labor. Mr.
liordwell is seventy-eight years old, while his esti-
mable wife is a year his senior. They are greatly
respected in their community, and possess all the
traits of character which made them kind and in-
didgent parents and hospitable neighbors.

To the parents of Mrs. Cole there was born a
family of six children, three of whom are living,
and of whom she was the fourth in order of birth.
She was a child of nine years when her parents came
to Crete, where she was reared to womanhood and
obtained her education in the village school. Of
her union with our subject there have been born
six children — Laura E., Willard M., Ada B., Frank

AV., Inez G. and Ray E. They are all at home
with their parents, with the exception of Ada, who
is the wife of William E. Hall, and who resides at
Manteno, this State.

Mr. Cole, politically, is a strong supi)orterof Re-
publican principles, and hag been prominent in local
affairs, serving as Township Assessor eight years;
Road Commissioner four years, and School Director
for many years.

j^REEMAN H. ROBERTSON, editor and
proprietor of the Peotone Eagle, is a native
;i\ ^ of the (irauite State, and possesses marked
characteristics of the Yankee race. He is the sec-
ond of three children born to .Tohn W. and Martha
T. (Hiuitoon) Robertson, who were also natives of
New Hampshire, and spent all their wedded life
therein except two }ears. During that pericjd they
resided in New York, where the husband died in
1855. The widow survived until 1875.

The town of Franklin was the birthplace of oiu-
subject, and May 3, 1843, his natal daj'. He ob-
tained a common-school education, and at the age
of eleven years took up the labors of life b)' be-
ginning the trade of a printer. He finished his
apprenticeship in the office of the Statesman at
Concord, when sixteen years old, spending the fol-
lowing two and a half years in advancing his
studies and improving his mind.

Coming to Illinois in 1865, Mr. Robertson
worked on the Peoria Transcript a year and a half,
then found employment in the Democrat office, in
Henr3^ A twelvemonth later he went to Iowa,
and entered the office of the Bedford Southwest, at
Bedford, remaining there but a year, and thence
going to JSIount Ayr, where he bought a half in-
terest in the Ringgold Record. After a brief so-
journ of eight months he sold out, and removing
to Dakota City, Neb., purchased a half interest in
the Dakota City Mail, retaining it but a twelve-
month, when he again changed his location, first
selling his share in the journal.

Madison was the next home of Mr. Robertson,
and his enterprise the purchase and publication of

278

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

the Revieiv, which he sold after a }-ear, buj'ing in-
stead the plant uf tlie old Dakota City Mail, and
removing it to Stanton. In that town he published
a paper two years, then moved the plant to Mis-
souri ^'alle^^ Iowa, continuing his journalistic
labors there until an accident brought them to a
close. A runaway team had caused a fracture of
his skull, and six months after beginning his work
there Mr. Robertson was obliged to close out his
business.

The next newspaper venture of Mr. Robertson
was at Gilman, 111., where he ran the Argus, Cres-
cent City Sun and L;ihogue 2fews at the sanie time,
also carrying on an office and publishing a sheet
called the Panhandle Advocate, at Piper. The
office at Gilman was burned, in 1884, entailing
upon our subject the loss of all his niachiner\', pa-
per and other material. His spirit was undaunted,
and he was soon in the possession of the Gortrie
Reqistor, at Gowrie, Iowa, the plant of which he
subsequently'^ removed to Grand Junction, later
selling it and returning to the Prairie State.

Entering an office at Kankakee, Mr. Robertson
remained there until November, 1889, when he
became editor of the Sunday Hero, in Chicago,
leaving that city to begin an enterprise in Peotone
for which he saw a good opening. His work there
was begun Ma}' 19, 1890. and already the Eagle is
finding its way into manj- a household, continualli'
growing in favor. "Ye editor" .adds to his native
energy the training given by years of experience
amid varied surroundings, and such is his financial
shrewdness that he wins success where manj' a man
would see nothing but disaster. He wields a facile
pen, observes keenly, judges quickly-, and judi-
ciously selects matter for publication.

The choice of a com[)anion is an important step
in a man's life, and fortunate is he who chooses
well. The lady who shares the joj'S and sorrows
of Mr. Robertson became his wife in 1869, prior
to which time she bore the name of Sarah Herold.
Shs is a daughter of Amos and Margaret (Gander)
Herold, who lived in Ohio many years. The mother
was born in that State and the father in Virginia.
Mrs. Herold died in 1849, and Mr. Herold after-
ward went to California. Returning to the States
he married again and removed to Livingston

County, III., dying there in 1873. His first mar-
riage resulted in the birth of seven children. His
daughter Sarah, Mrs. Robertson, was born March
14, 1814. She is a capable housewife, an honored
member of society, and a loving wife and mother.
She has one son, Willie H., a bright lad who has
already been working at the printing business a
year and a half.

Mr. and Mrs. Robertson belong to the Methodist
Episcopal Church, and have good standing among
its members. He belongs to the Ancient Odd Fel-
lows. In politics he is a Republican, and no man
in the pprty has more abounding failh in its prin-
ciples, or is more interested in its advancement than
he. Although Mr. and Mrs. Robertson have been
so short a time in Peotone they have shown the
qn.alities of mind and character that win friends,
and are likely to be the center of a large circle as
they become belter known.

<^i^NESHIA MEERS, LL. B. The legal pro
b) fession is represented in Joliet liy severa
/l^^ men of pronounced ability and erudition ini
the law, who are an honor to the legal brotherhood
and to the comnuinit}' of which the}- form a part.
When a young man .assumes a prominent place
among them, rising in the esteem of his associates
and extending his practice, tliese facts indicate his
possession of a high degree of professional skill and
knowledge,and the manners which win success and
respect. Such has been the case with the subject
of this sketch, who began his pr.actice in the city
in the fall of 1876, and whose office in the Masonic
Building is pointed out as that of one of the prom-
inent and rising attorneys and counselors of the
flourishing town.

The parents of our subject, Dennis and Anna
(Ilalloran) Meers, were born in Ireland and came
to the United States soon after their marri.age, their
first location being in Massachusetts. They after-
ward lived in other Eastern States, the husband
being engaged in railroad work and contracting.
In New York Cit}- and the State of New Jersey the
greater part of his life was spent. In 1875 with

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

•279

his family he removed to Joliet, 111., where he en-
gaged in the hardware business. He continued the
same until his death, in June, 1888, having asso-
ciated with him his son Robert, who still carries on
the business. Mr. JNIeers belonged to the Demo-
crat party, and although :dways ready to cast his
vote, ha<l never been an office seeking politician,
being always a busy man, whose attention was
given exclusively to his personal .'iffairs. He had
reached the age of seventj'-two j'ears, when he
breathed his last; his widow still lives. Both be-
longed to St. Mary's Catholic Church before" the
divi-sion of the pari.sh, after which they were num-
bered among the early members of the Sacred Heart
Church, and helped to build the church edifice.

The birth of E. Meers took place in Bloomsbury,
N. J., February 15, 1854, and his youthful days
were spent in his native State and New York City.
He was educated at Seton Hall College, a well-
known Catholic institution, located at Orange, N.
J., and of which Father Corrigan, now Arch-bishop
of New York, was President. After completing
his studies in that institution young Meers assisted
his father in his work of contracting until the re-
moval to the West. He then read law with Messrs.
Olin (fe Phelps, and with the late -Judge McRoberts,
taking his lectures at the University of Michigan,
in Ann Arbor, where he was graduated in the class
of '76.

Returning to Joliet Mr. Meers began the prac-
tice with C. W. Brown, a prominent attorney of
this city, with whom he remained four years, or
until the election of Mr. Brown to the position of
States Attorney. He then opened an office for
himself, and continuing to practice alone, has
proved verj- successful in acquiring business and
in winning cases which have been given into his
hands. He is a vigorous pleader, able at will to
employ the shafts of wit which are so peculiar to
the Irish race, and which so thoroughly impress
a point upon the hearers; he is well versed in the
principles of equity and in legal precedents, and in
all respects a worthy disciple of Coke and Black-
stone.

Mr. Meers served two terms as City Attorney,
holding the office from 1879 until 1883. He has
not run for any other office, although an active

worker in the ranks of the Democrat party. Dur-
ing the Presidential campaigns he has always taken
a prominent part in the canvass, making speeches
and aiding his party as much as possible. He
belongs to the Independent Order of Foresters;
Catholic Order of Foresters; Ancient Order of
Hibernians; and the Iiisli-Anierican Club. He
belongs to the Church of the Sacred Heart. Mr.
Meers is still single, living with his mother in a
fine home on Thinl and Eastern .Avenues, a beau-
tiful part of the city, where his father first built.

^ SAAC HENRY, a worthy citizen of Plainfleld
I Township, where he is engaged in agriculture,
(11 came to this county as early as 1856 and cast
his lot with its pioneers. He is a Pennsylvanian
by birth and his father, .Jacob Henry, is supposed
to have been a native of the same State. He
moved from there to Ohio in 1835, and was an
early settler of Richland County. At that time
that part of Ohio was sparsely settled, and but
few improvements had been made. Deer and all
kinds of wild game were plentiful where now are
fine farms, thriving towns and cities. IMr. Henry
bought a tract of timber land, and after building
a log house for the accommodation of l)is family,
entered upon the hard task of clearing a farm from
the primeval forests. There were no railroads in
those days, and Alilan, fifty miles distant, was
the nearest market. Mr. Henry lived there six-
teen years and then sold out and removed to De-
fiance County, and buying land there, entered
upon the task of its improvement. His useful
career, however, was soon brought to a close, as he
died there about one year later. The maiden
name of his wife was Christiana Coulser, and she
was a native of Pennsylvania. In 1860 she re-
moved to Wisconsin, and after living there a short
time, to Grundy County, Iowa, and later to Marion
County, Mo., and there died.

The subject of this sketch was five years old
when he removed with his parents to Ohio, and
there he was reared under pioneer influences to the
life of a farmer. When the family removed to

280

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Defiance County lie bought a tract of timber land

and built there. Thinking to better himself by
lemoving to Illinois, he came here in ) 856, and
was cinjildyed in a cabinet shop for a year. He
then wcnii to Michigan City, Iml., but after a stay
there of two months returni'd to his own iinnic,
and the following year .igain came to Illinois. He
engaged in farming, working land on shares for
eight years, and thi^n [)urchascd the place where he
now resides, on section 13, IMainficld Township.
It comprises eighty acres of land of exceptional
ferlilit}', and he has it under good improvement,
and has made here a comfortable and cozy home.
Mr. Henry is, no doulit, greatly indebted to the
aid he has received from his capable, heljiful
wife, to whom he was united in marriage in 18.")8.
Her maiden name was Sarah Smith and she was a
daughter of G. Y. Smith, of whom see sketch on
another page of this work. The pleasant home
circle of our subject and wife is comiileted by the
five children born to tlu'm, namely: Mary M.,
Clara JNI., AVerner L., I.aura and Frank. A simple,
upright, independent man, Mr. Ilcnry lioars a g(K)d
reputation and is held in genuine respect for his
sterling qualities. He has made his way in the
world bj' persistent industry, and by the careful
management of his affairs to a place among our .sub-
substantial citizens.

-^^^

lEORGE H. HAKSHHARGER is classed
among the leading agriculturists of Plain-
field Township, and there is no finer or
better improved farm in all the county than his.
He was born in Penn's Valley, Center County, Pa.,
January 27, 1829. His father, John Ilarshbarger,
was of German descent. The grandfather of our
subject was a native of that country, and was there
reared and married, and subsequently came to
America and settled in Pennsylvania, and there
passed the remainder of his life on his farm in
Penn's Valley.

The father of our subject was bred to agricul-
tural pursuits, and followed farming profitably for
man}' years, until his life was brought to a close in

his comfortable home in Penn's Valley, at the age
of sixty-three years. The maiden name of his wife
was Mary Rishel, aijd she was a native of Pennsyl-
vania. After the death of her husband she went
to live in llublersburgh. Center County, and there
passed away in February, 18;)0, at the venerable
age of eighty-five 3ears. She reared six sons and
four daughters to good and useful lives.

The son of whom we write received his oducH-
tion in the district school, and was early set to
work on the farm and obtained a practical knowl-
edge of agriculture, continuing to live with his
parents until 1841. In that year he commenced
to learn the trade of a carpenter, which he followed
in I'ennsylvania until 1847, when he concluded to
come West to try life on the praiiies of Illinois.
He took the most expeditious route at the time,
and by foot and stage made his wa}- to Erie, Pa.,
and from there by the Lakes to Chicago, where ho
emliarkcd on the canal for Lockport, and from that
place he went to Morris, (irundy County. There
he foun<l enii)loyment at his trade the ensuing
three months, and then he took u|) his residence in
Plainfield, continuing here as a carpenter and
builder until 1878. He had previously liouglithis
present farm, and he then decided to devote him-
self entirely to its management. It is pleasantly
located on section 8, one mile west of Plainfield,
and contiiins one hundred and twenty acres of
finely-tilled land. It is exceptionallj- well iiH-
proved, having upwards of five miles of tile, and
is ainph' provided with neat and commodious
buildings, and ranks as one of the finest pieces of
prf)l)erty in this section of the country.

Mr. Ilarshbarger has been twice married, his
first marriage, which occurred in Plainfield, l)eing
to Miss Harriet liaker, a native of Ghio. Her death
in 1862 deprived him of a true and faithful wife,
and their four children — Tacy, Frank, Seldon and
Anna — of a good motiier. Our subject was again
married, taking as a helpmate Mrs. Sophia Hoay,
nee Barney, a native of Nevv York Slate, and to
them have come two children — Mabel and John.
.Mr. Harshbarger's daughter, Tacy, mnrried Thomas
Hayes and resides in Plainfield. His daughter,
Anna, marrieil Wilson Davis, and also lives in
Plainfield. Mabel is the wife of Frank G. Gaskin,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

281

of Plainfiekl. Frank resides in vSomonaiilc, this
State, and Seldon, in Kendall County, III.

Blr. Ilarshbarger is endowed with a sonnd under-
slanding, decision of character, and other traits
lliat have enabled him to make his own way in
the world without the adventitious aids of fortune
and birth to an independent position among his
fellow-townsmen. Me and his wife are highly re-
garded in this community, where they have lived
for many years, and have the warm friendship of
man}' of their fellow- citizens, as they are social,
hospitable people, making their borne attractive to
all who cross its threshbold. They are valued
members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and
do all they can for the good work in which it is

engaged .

-^^S-Ji^-Se

tillOMAS IIILES. Northern Illinois has long
been known as a land where fine crops are
garnered and fertile fields abound. Among
the very productive estates which are included
within its borders may be mentioned that of Thomas
Ililes, located on section 20, Wesley Township,
along the banks of the Kankakee River. A vast
amount of labor has been performed here in order
to redeem this acreage from its condition as a part
of the jirimeval forest, and prepare the soil to bring
forth abundantl}' to the full extent of its capacity.
Mr. Ililes is an Englishman, born in December,
1827, and as the son of a farmer had fewer priv-
ileges in the educational line than are afforded that
class in free America. Although his schooling was
quite limited and his book learning is therefore
somewhat meagre, he po.ssesses native intelligence
and quicklj' comprehends all that is going on about
him. At the age of twelve years he began working
out for farmers, continuing to support himself in
this manner until he had reached his majority.
Having decided that in America he would find op-
portunities for advancement not afforded in his
native land, he bade adieu to home and friends and
crossed the broad Atlantic.

Mr. Ililes landed at Philadelphia a friendless
stranger, with about $50 as a capital with which to

begin his labors. He came directly to Cook County,
III., where for nine months he worked on a farm.
In the spring of 1850 he came into Wesley Town-
ship, Will County, entered the employ of Elijah
Freer for two 3'ears, and then purchased eight}'
.acres of the land which he has brought to so exc('l-
lent a condition. He had but few neighbors. He
erected a frame house and began clearing the land,
doing all the labor of felling trees, etc., himself.
From time to time headded to his farm other tim-
bered lands, which he cleared in succession until he
now has two hundred and ten acres of improved
land, about two hundred acres of which were
cleaved by himself. This is a record which has
been made by few even of our most enterjn-ising
farmers, and Mr. Hilcs deserves great credit for
that which he has accomplished in redeeming the
fertile land to man's use. He is engaged in general
farming, and successfully pursuing his vocation.

Mr. Ililes and Miss Sarah Carpenter were joined
in hoi}' wedlock Septembers, 1852, .and lived hap-
pily together until February 24, 1880, when the
wife was called hence. She was a d.aughter of
Charles and Abigail (Milliman) Carjienter, natives
of the Empire State, who removed to Illinois about
the time of the Black Hawk War. The occup.ation
of Mr. Carpenter was tilling the soil. He and his
wife are now deceased. I\Irs. Sarah Hiles was liorn
January 17, 18.35. She bore her husband six chil-
dren, the record of the survivors being as follows:
Mary, born January 1, 1857, is the wife of IMike
Miller, of Joliet, and the mother of six children;
Fred M. was born October 21, 1867; Benjamin T.
February 15, 1880.

A second matrimonial alliance was contracted by
Mr. Hiles February 1, 1881. His bride on this
occasion w.as Miss Aseneth Harablin, who was born
May 29, 1832, in Onondaga County, N. Y. She
received a good education in the district schools,
and upon the foundation thus laid has reared a
structure of \vide knowledge through extensire
reading and keen observation. She is an active
worker in the Sunday-school, was constantly en-
gaged as a teacher while in New York, and is a
willing worker in the promulgation of every good
cause. Her home is not neglected, but is conducted
in such a way that the domestic machinery moves

•>82

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

smootbl}', and every comfort surrounds the mem-
bers of the home circle.

The parents of Mrs. Miles were Abner L and
£;iecta (Nearing) Hamblin, natives of Massachu-
setts and Connecticut respectively. They became
husband and wife in the Empire State, and there
continued to reside until their death. Their home
was in Madison County, where Mrs. Hamblin
breathed her last Augu.«it G, 18fi;3, and her husband
March 15, 1875. Both were active participants in
church work, and Mr. Hamblin was a farmer. Mrs.
Hiles was the ninth of the eleven children born to
them, of whom seven survive at this writing.

Mr. Hiles has ahva^'S taken an active interest in
politics, and gives his vote to the Republican
part}'. Before he l^t his native land he became a
member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows,
but has not been identified with lodges of that fra-
ternity in America. He now holds the office of
Township Trustee, in which he has served for fifteen
years past, and is also a Director of the local School
Board. He has served as Pathniaster. He and his
wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church.

-€-^-B- ^

SlL^ ON. AUGUST \V. BERGGREN, Warden
of the Hlinois State Penitentiary at Joliet,
has held several important official stations
in other parts of this State, and won a high
reputation for his uprightness, good judgment and
public spirit. He was appointed to the position he
now holds in April, 1889, and took charge on May
1st, following. He is a native of the Scandanavian
Peninsula, his birthplace Sweden, and his natal
day August 17, 1840. His parents were John and
Catherine Berggren, the hitter of whom died in
their native land, leaving to her husband's care
six sons and one daughter.

In 1856 the widower and his family came to
America, drawn to cross the briny deep by the ac-'
counts they had heard of the " land of the free and
the home of the brave," and its opportunities for
all who desire to rise in the social scale or improve
their worldly condition. A location was selected
at Oneida, this State, but the father subsequently

went to Glendale, Iowa, where he breathed his last
in 1863. Two of liis children have also passed
awa}': Peter Anton died in the Hawkeye State,
in 1863; and Anna Christina in Knox County,
this State, the year after her arrival in America.
The surviving members of the fraternal band are:
Jolin Eric, a Methodist Episcopal minister, now
retired and living in Iowa; Louis G., a farmer in
Polk County, Neb.; Charles, a stonemason in Gar-
rison, Kan.; he of whom we write; and William, a
farmer in Pettis County, Mo., who -holds the office
of Justice of the Peace.

In his native land August W. Berggren was ap-
prenticed to the tailor's trade, serving two years.
After reaching the Western Continent he worked
at liis trade both in Galesbnrg and Monmouth,
this State. His workmanship was alwa3's to be re-
lied upon, and his citizenship was equally trust-
worthj'. Ere long these facts were recognized by
his fellow-citizens, and while still quite young he
was placed in public office. In 1869 he was elected
Justice of the Peace, in 1872 became Sheriff, and
to the latter station was re-elected in 1871, 1876
and 1878. A still higher honor awaited liini. liis
friends desiring his services in a more important
function, to which his intelligence, interest in i)ul)-
lic welfare, and keen perception of its needs fitted
him. In 1880, therefore, he was sent to the Senate,
representing the Twenty-second District, composed
of Knox and Mercer Counties. Four years later
he was returned to the Senatorial bod}- as a mem-
ber from the same district, then composed of Knox
and Fulton Counties. During the last session of
his second term Senator Berggren was President
pro teni of the Senate. His record as a lawmaker
is a matter of history and well known to his con-
stituents, whose cordial esteem he lias won by his
position on the side of all that is elevating and
true.

The Hon. Mr. Berggren is quite interested in
social and benevolent orders, and is identified with
the Knight Templars and the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows. He has been President of the Cove-
nant Mutual Benefit Association of Illinois, located
at Galesburg, since its organization in 1877, and he
is also a Director in the Galesburg National Bank.
He chose as his companion in life a Swedish lad}',

^ /^^"^^^^^^/^

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

285

Miss Christina Naslund, their marriage being eele-
liratefl Marcli 8, 1866. Mrs. Berggren excels in
housewiferj', is intelligent and retined, and with a
eliar.'icter which causes her lo lie highly regarded
l)y all to whom she is known. The union has been
blessed by the birth of six children — Capitola
Maud, Guy Werner, Kaljih Augustus, Claus Eu-
gene, Jay ^'alentine and Earl Hugo. The daughter
is finely educated, being a graduate of Knox Col-
lege, and the others have also received excellent
advantages proportionate to their years. Death
has entered the family circle, removing from its
midst the son and brother, Ralph Augustus, who
was accidentally killed by a gravel train on the
Santa Fe Railroad, on May 20, 1887.

fj bears the reputation of being one of the
busiest persons in the city of Joliet. He is
in the enjoyment of a large and lucrative practice,
and is widely and favorably- known throughout
Will County, where thus far he has sprnt his entire
life. Me was born February 8, 1858, in Joliet, anti
is the son of William and Barbara (Goebel) Wer-
ner, who were natives of Germany. The mother
while single emigrated to America, in 1843, and
the father a few years later.

The Werner family- is of pure German stock,
as far back as is known, and posses.«ed in a marked
degree the substantial and reliable traits peculiar to
that nationality. They were unusuallj' well edu-
cated, conforming to the laws of their native land,
which required that a child should be i)laced in
school at the age of six years, and pursue his stud-
ies until fourteen.

The father of our subject was trained to habits
of industry in his 5'outh, learning the trade of a
stone mason, developing into a contractor and
builder. Upon coming to America he settled in
Will County, 111., and departed this life May 20,
1 887. The mother bore the maiden name of Bar-
bara Goebel. Tho parents were married in Joliet,

and Jlrs. Werner now makes her home with the
Doctor. The household circle included seven
children, the eldest of whom, a daughter, Eliza-
beth died when two years old ; Annie Marie died
in infancy; Frederick W., our subject, was the
third child: Louis Charles Frederick died when
about eighteen months old ; Frederick Charles is
engaged as a harness-maker and living in Joliet;
George AVashington, a veteiinary surgeon of good
repute, makes his home in Kansas City, Mo. ; Ed-
ward Herbert is one of the leading dental surgeons
of Joliet. It will be observed that these children
were named in honor of the patriots of both Ger-
many and America.

Dr. Werner in his boyhood days attended the
city schools of Joliet, and when approaching man-
hood began the studj' of medicine under the in-
struction of Dr. A. W. lleise, in the winter of
1876-77. Later he entered the medical depart-
ment of the Michigan State University, and after-
ward Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New
York City, from which he was graduated March 1,
1880. Returning then to his native city, he
opened an office, and his career has been one of
uniform prosperity.

In politics Dr. Werner favors the principles of
the Republican party, but he meddles very little
with public affairs, otherwise than those connected
with his profession. He served as Coroner of Will
County from June, 1880, to December, 1884, first
by appointment and subsequently was twice elec-
ted to the office. He was County Physician from
1881 to 1888, and City Physician from 1884 to
1887. From 1882 to 1885 beheld the office of
Treasurer of the United States Pension Examining
Board. He is a member in good standing of the Will
County Medical Society, the Chicago Medical
Society and the American Societj- of Microscopists.

On the 28th of May, 1881, Dr. Werner was
united in marriage with Miss Louisa Fredricka,
daughter of C. W. and Marie Agnes (Bertch)
Staehle. Mrs. Werner was born in Joliet, and re-
mained with her parents until her marriage, receiv-
ing a good education in the common school. Mr.
and Mrs. Staehle were natives of Germany, and
are now residents of Joliet. Their family consists
of seven living*hildren.

286

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Ill connection with tliis sketch a litliograpliic
portrait of tlie Doctor is presented to llie readers
of the Album.

'F_^ ENRY BOHL owns and occupies a farm on
^^^ section 34. Washington Township. A gen-
eral air of thrift and prosperity is noticeable
and even a casual glance is sufficient to
sho«- that tjie land is well tilled and that the
buildings which have been erected upon it are ad-
equate* to their requirements, while they and the
other improvements are well kept in every par-
ticular.

The eyes of our subject opened to the light in
Mecklenburg, Germany, April 14,1838. His father,
Herman Bohl, was a farm laborer who had mar-
ried a lad^' of his own Duchj' — Miss Mar3- Buhr-
hng. They lived in the neighborhood in which
Ihej- had been reared until after the birth of six
children, two of whom died when quite 3-oung.
The parents with the surviving members of the
family set out for America in the fall of 1857, tak-
ing passage from Hamburg in the sailing vessel
"America" and landing at New York City after
having spent four weeks and three daj's at sea.
The faniil3- came west together and made a settle-
ment in Du Page Counlj', 111. After some years
the parents, their only son and one daughter, re-
moved to Will Countj' and settled on the farm
now owned by our subject, the parents living with
him until their death. The father breathed his
last in 1883 at the age of seven t}' -seven years; the
widow survived until 1889, reaching the advanced
age of eighty-two years. During the last two
j'ears of her life she was entirely blind. Both of
the parents were life-long members of the Lutheran
Church.

Henry Bohl is the third in order of birth in the
parental family. He received his education in iiis
native country to which he bade adieu when about
nineteen years old. He became of age in Du Page
Count}', 111., and was there united in marriage
with Miss Minnie Schuld. This lad}' was born in
M(!cklenberg, German}', in 1 84(), and after being

left an orphan she came alone to the United States
wlien she had almost reached womanhood. She
made her home in Du Page County where she was
married not long after her arrival. She was well
skilled in domestic arts, was a consistent member
of the Lutiieran Church and a woman whose good
qualities were recognized by her neighbors and ac-
quaintances. She breathed her last at her home in
Washington Township. August 25, 1883, when but
thirty-eight years old.

The happy union of Mr. and Mrs. Bohl was
blest by the birth of eight chiUlren, of whom Wil-
lie, Lena and two infants are deceased. The sur-
vivors are: Kecka, Henry, William and .Tohn, all
of whom yet cluster around their father's fireside.
Mr. Bohl and his children attend the Lutheran
Church and he is a stanch Republican.

ULIAN E. WHITE. This young gentle-
man is engaged in the drug business in Jol-
iet in which he made a permanent location
in 1885, establishing himself in a business
that is rapidly growing. With an upright charac-
ter, the courteous and pleasing manners of a well-
bred gentleman, and an intelligent mind, he has
been admitted into the •■inner circle" of society,
while in business circles he is regarded as one of
the most promising young men of the city. He
is tlic third child of E. D. and Margaret (Adams)
White who came with their family to Joliet in
1876. The father is now engaged in the music
trade here and in addition to pianos and other
musical instruments also handles sewing machines.
He is a native of the Empire .State, while his wife
opened her eyes to the light in Pennsylvania.

The subject of this biographical notice w.as born
March 9, 1854, in M.ayville, Chautauqua County,
I N. Y., but his boyhood was spent in Crawford
j County, Pa. After completing his education he
became a drug clerk in his home town where lie
continued in that employment a year. Being at-
tracted by the accounts he had heard of the Kocky
Mountain region, he then went to Denver, Col., but
finding no opening in tlie drug business became a

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

287

k in an establishment devoted to the sale of
I's furnishing goods. For two years lie was
s employed when he journeyed eastward, reae.h-
.loliet in the spring of 1877, his parents in the
mtime having located here. He entered the
blishment of J. D. Brown & Co., remaining
•o lliree or four years after which he went to
cago. There he engaged with the drug firm of
d, Stoutenliergdr Co., as a traveling salesman and
r two and one-half years spent in that capac-
lie liccame an employe of the firm of Fuller it
ler. For the latter firm he worked about liiree
rs after which he began business for himself at
time and |)lace before noted.
Ir. While is a firm believer in the principles of
Republican party, wliich he therefore supports
all occasions. He is identified with the Ma-
c fraternity, having reached the Royal Arch
;ree and being Captain in the Chapter. An
lit interesting to Joliet society and particul-
to Mr. White, took place at the residence of
lond Fox, Ai)ril 23. 1890. Tins w.as the mar-
;e of our subject and Miss Jessie Fox, daughter
lie liost, a young lad}- whose intelligence, cul-
■. and amiable character have given her pop-
it v in societ}' and endeared her to the hearts
nany friends. Tlie wedding ceremony was per-
nc<l at six o'clock and was followed b}' an
ant reception participated in by the society peo-
of Joliet.

A ICHAEL SHENK is a substantial, well-to-
^ \V do farmer of Custer Township, and he has

IL borne an honorable i)art in bringing about
the great change wrought by the pioneers

present citizens of Will County that has placed
1 the front ranks of its sister counties. Ilis
ents were Christian and ' Magdalene (Wolf)
nk, natives of Lancaster County, Pa. His father
rated a mill there for thirtj' years, and with
wife was a life-long resident of liiat part of the
ntry, she dying in 1850. and he in 1824.
)ur subject is the only survivor of six children,
was born in August, 1818. His education was
iducted in the common schools. He suffered

an accident at a raising when he was eighteen years
of age, whereby ids right shoulder, ribs and leg
were broken, and for four years he was unalile to
do anything. .Vfter that he went to work on a
small farm for himself in Erie County, Pa., made
improvements upon it, built a house and barn, and
made full pa^-mcnt at the rate of §22 per acre, he
buying it of iiis mother. He remained on that
I)lace about fourteen 3'ears, and then disposed of it
in order to try .-igriculliue in this county, and com-
ing here in 1858, he bought his present farm. The
improvements upon it were very meagre, but he
has placed it in a good condition. He built his
present dnelling in 1875, and also erected a good
liarrj at a cost of *1,000. He has one hundred and
sixty acres in the home farm, all of which is under
fine cultivation except thirty acres, and he has ad-
joining it eigiity acres of land that is well adapted
to pasturage and is used for that purpose, he hav-
ing his farm well stocked.

By his marriage, in 1851, to Miss Sarah A. Car-
ter, our subject secured the substantial aid of a
wife who, by her good management of their house-
hold affairs, has contributed in no small degree to
bring about their present prosperous circumstances.
Mrs. Shenk is a native of England, born in 1822,
and received a good education in the land of her
birtli. Her marriage with our subject has been
gladdened by tiie birth of eight children, all of
whom are living, and are well settled in life. Tlieir
record is as follows: John, who is living in Yates
Center, Kan., married Sarah Wright, and the}' have
four children; William, a I'esident of Fairbury,
married Alma Uobbius, and thev have one child;
Jerome, of Reed Township, married Belle Morrill.
and they have one child; Elizabeth, wife of Harvey
Brown, of Chicago, is the mother of nine children;
Delia. Ann is the wife of Napoleon Leslie, of Braid-
wood, and has five cinldren ; Joseph, a resident of
r.raidwood, married Ella Rankin, and they have
five children; Minnie married John Jilson, who
lives on the home farm, and they have three chil-
dren; Ida married Calvin Whitson, of I'ontiac, and
the}' lave four children, .lohn Shenk bore an hon-
orable part in the late war as a soldier in the One
Hundredth Illinois Infantry, and was slightly
wounded at Mission Ridge. AVilliam went out

28 S

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

with the same regiment, but came home sick before
the expiration of U'n term of enlistment. He after-
ward served in a tlirce months' regiment.

Since 1858 Mr. Shcnk has been associated with
the people to whom Custer Township owes its pros-
perity, and he has conducted himself in all ways so
as to secure the entire confidence and respect
of his fellow-citizens. He has taken part in the
raan.'igcment of public affairs .as School Director
of this district, and at one time he was Assessor of
Custer and Reed Townships for a period of two
years. He votes the Republican ticket. Mrs.
Shenk has for many j-ears been a devoted member
of the Episcopal Church, and is equally esteemed
with her husliand.

^^EORGE S. BRISTOL represents the fiour-
f|[ J—, ishing agricultural interests of Plainfield
^^41 Township, and his farm on sections 33 and
34. is one of the most desirable in this locality as it
is under the best of cultivation and is amply pro-
vided with good machinery for every purpose.

Our subject is a native of Ohio, born in Perry
Township, Franklin County, January 26, 1843, a
worthy descendant of an old pioneer family of that
State. Corel Bristol, his father, was a native of
the same countj% born in Sharon Township, May 14,
1810. His father, Eri Bristol was born in Bristol,
Conn., a son of Jacob Bristol, who was of English
birth. The father of 'the latter, great-great-grand-
father of our subject, emigrated from Bristol, Eng-
land, about 177G,and settling in Connecticut.bought
land in the town of Bristol. He was a clockmaker,
and it is said manufactured the finest clocks ever
made in America in his day. During the Revolu-
tion he proved to be a patriotic citizen to his
adoi)ted country and building two ships he placed
them at the disposal of the colonists and aided
tlioni in fighting the British. Jacob Bristol was
ten years old when he came to America with his
parents. He became a clockmaker and spent the
rest of his life in Connecticut. Eri Bristol, grand-
father of our sniiject, became a member of the
Scioto Company that bought sixteen thousand

acres of land in what is now Franklin County, Ohio.
and he was thus an early [lioneer of the State. In
the spring of 1801 each menilier of the colony sent
a son into the wilderness of Ohio; to build log
caliins and prepare the way of the others who soon
joined them, the removal of these families being
m.ade with teams, some of them having horses and
others oxen. They were among the first to locate
in that part of Ohio, and the grandfather of our
sul)ject. settled in what is now Sharon Township,
nine miles north of the ijresent site of Columbus,
on Whetstone Creek. In that time the State w.as
in a wild and unsettled condition, the dense prime-
val forests being inhabited bj' various tribes of
Indians, and deer, bears, wolves, panthers, and wild
cats were numerous. There were no railways nor
canals, and in fact no public roads, all communica-
tion with the outside world w.as by persons passing
tlirough the narrow p.aths or Indian trails on foot
or horseback. The people lived in the most primi-
tive manner, obtaining their food from products of
the land, wild game and fish, and the women spun
and made all the clothing used. The grandfather
of our subject resided on the homestead that he
hewed from the wilderness, until death closed his
mortal career.

The father of our subject was reared, married
and resided in the place of his birth until 1870,
when he came to Plainfield, and with his sons,
bought the farm where our subject now resides.
He is still living, is in his eighty-first year, and
makes his home with his children. The maiden
name of the mother of our subject was Annah
Ross .and she was a native of Westmoreland Countj-,
Pa., a daughter of David and Mary (Satcher) Ross.
Her death occurred in Franklin County, Ohio.

George S. Bristol received the rudiments of his
education in the public schools and then had the
advantages of a fine course at Eastman's Business
College at Chicago. In M.ay, 1864, at the age of
twenty-one j'ears, he enlisted in Company E, One
Hundred and Thirtj'-third Ohio National Guards,
for one hundred days, and was dispatched with his
regiment to Parkcrsburg, W. Va., and after re-
maining there six weeks was sent to Washington,
and thence to the James River of Virginia, where
he did garrison duty until the expiration of his

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

289

irm of enlistment, when he was dischaiged having
one honomlile service in the cause of his couutiy.
ftor his military experience, Mr. Bristol returned
) his native State and remained a resident thereof
ntil the spring of 18G8, wlien he made a new de-
iirture ;ind in tlie vigor of a stalwart manhood
inie to IlHnois to try fanning in the Prairie State.
[e was engaged in agricultural pursuits in Plain-
eld in the summer and in the winter utilized liis
lueation by teacliing. He tauglit six winter
■rnis and tlie remainder of tlie j'ear was engaged
5 before mentioned. In 1871, he located on the
irm he now owns and occupies and has been thor-
ughly successful in its cultivation. In 1881), he
ad the misfortune to have his dwelling Inirned,
lid lie lias since replaced it by his present neat and
DUifortable residence.

The marriage of our subject in 1872 with Miss
:osaljeUe Clark was an important step in his life
lid he tiieroby secured an able assistant in his
oik. She is a native of Plaiiifield, born in March,
817, and a daughter of P^rastus Clark. Iler father
■as born in (Treenfield, Franklin County, Mass., his
illu'r bearing the same name, being also a native
f that county, born in the town of Colerain. His
itlier, John Clark, is supposed to have been a native
f the same town and a descendant of English aiices-
[•y, who were early settlers in that pl.ace, and he was
iiere engaged as a manufacturer. Mrs. Bristol's
randfather learned the trade of a woolen manu-
letnrer and established the first spinning jenn^',
nd carried on the business there some years. He
ubsequently removed to Niagara Falls, established

factory, and resided there until 183G. when he
aine to Plaiiilield. He was an early settler here,
luyiiig a tract of land about one mile south of the
illage. He and his son operated a lloni' and saw-
11 ill for a few years and he then went to Kalamazoo,
Jieh., and there died at the home of a daughter at
he advanced age of eight3--six years. Mrs. liris-
ol's father was young when he came to Plaiiifield
vith his parents and assisted his father in operating
he mills, finally buying the sawmill, which he op-
iruted for a time. He then disposed of it and
lUrned his attention to farming, and resided here
intil 1878. in that year he removed to Kansas,
)ouglit a farm in Reno County and still makes his

home there. The maiden name of Mr. Clark's wife
was Caroline Cotton. She was born on the Isle of
Wight, a daughter of William and Jane (Brett)
Cotton, also natives of that island, who were pio-
neers of Plaiiifield. Mr. and Mrs. Bristol's pleas-
ant wedded life has brought to them two children,
Mabel J. and Elsie C.

Mr. Bristol is a man of honoralile character and
high standing in this comninnit.y, with whose best
interests he has earnestly identified himself more
than twentj^ years, and by his nianl^', straightfor-
ward course in all his business dealings and in his
social relations he has gained a warm place in the
regard of liis fellow-citizens. He has a well-balanced,
well -cultivated mind and sincere religious views
which find expression in the Lhiiversalist faith, he
and his wife being valued members of the society
of that denomination in Plaiiifield. Politically he
is a stanch Republican.

ENJAMIN OLIN. The legal profession of
Will County is worthily reiin^sented by the

))jll su!)jectof this notice who has been engaged
ill the practice of law at Joliet since June,
of the year 1870. He is a native of the Empire
State and was born in Allegany County, August
12, 1838. He emigrated to Illinois with his pa-
rents when quite young, they settling first in La
Salle Count}', from which they subsequently
removed to Kendall County.

Judge Olin received his English education in
the coiiiUKUi and select schools of La Salle and Ken-
dall Counties and subsequently entered Beloit Col-
lege, Wis. He commenced the reading of law in
the office of Messrs. Gray & Bnshnell at Ottawa,
III., ami later studied with John Cruthers, of Os-
wego, Kendall Count}'.

Upon the outbreak of the Civil War Mr. Olin in
April, 18(J1, assisted in raising Company K, Twen-
tieth Illinois Infantry and was elected First Lieu-
tenant of his coiui).aiiy. Afteit about one year
spent in the service he was obliged to send in his
resignation on account of ill-health. He then

290

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

went to Colorado where he spent several months
and upon his return resumed his law studies at
Cliicago with the lirm of Mather, Taft i Bates. He
was admitted to the bar in 1863 and began the
practice of his profession at Morris, this State.

Subsecpieiitly Mr. Olin associated himself in
partnership with Hon. P. A. Armstrong, of Morris,
and they engaged in the practice of law until the
removal of Mr. Olin to Joliet in June, 187(1. In
the meantime he had become prominent in the lo-
cal affairs of Grundy County, representing his
ward in the City Council of Morris and holding
the office of School Inspector, besides filling other
positions of trust and responsibility. He was looked
u[)on as a man of sound judgment and his opinions
were generally respectetl.

After his removal to Joliet Judge Olin associated
himself in partnership with Capt. Phelps in the
practice of law, which partnership continued until
1873, when it was dissolved by the election of Mr.
Olin to the Judgeship of the County Court, lie
acquitted himself with great credit, serving his full
term and in 1877 was re-elected and held the otBce
tiie full terra of the four years, and one year over
on account of a change in tlie law fixing the time
of holding elections. Then after nine \ears of
public service and when liis nomination was again
talked of, he declined to be a candidate for re-elec-
lion.

lSIucc his removal to Joliet Mr. Olin has been
identified witli many of its leading enterprises and
has distinguished himself as a lil)eral and public-
spirted citizen. He is particularly interested in
educational affairs, having held the office of ,SelK)ol
Inspector for several years, and was also a member
of theUoard of Directors of the Joliet Public Li-
brary, which (idice he has recently resigned. As an
attorney lie has been entrusted with im[>ortnnt in-
terests, while his intimate knowledge of the intri-
cacies of law has enabled him to serve his clients in
a just and satisfactory manner. His strict integrity
and honorable dealings have gained him the confi-
dence and esteem of his fellow. citizens and both in
social and business circles he occupies an enviable
position.

Mr. Olin in September, 1865, was joined in wed-
lock witii Miss Julia Schauber. Blrs. Olin is a lady

of high culture and varied attainments and well
fitted to be the partner of such a man as her hus-
band. She was born in Saratoga County, N. Y.
The famil}' residence is pleasantly located at No.
102 Young's Avenue. In 1889 Judge Olin asso-
ciated himself in partnership with George J. Cow-
ing, a young gentleman of line attainments, who is
rapidly rising in his profession.

RED BOLTMANN. The late Mr. Bolt-
mann was born in Hanover, Germans,
June 9, 1846. He was the son of Henry
and Sophia (Olenkemp) Boltmann, natives of
Hanover, where they were reared and married,
and lived for some years thereafter. They came
to America in 1853, taking passage at Bremer-
haven on a sailing-vessel that crossed the Atlantic
at a rapid rate, making the quickest time ever re-
corded by a sailing-vessel. The hurricane which
had speeded it on its course at so rapid a rate
nearly caused the destruction of the vessel, and
many of the passengers died from fright or sick-
ness in the short space of three weeks and three
days. The Boltmann family survived the ilangers
of the passage, and coming from New York to
Chicago, settled on a farm in Du Page County.
There they made some improvements ere changing
their residence to Will Count}' and settling on
section 35, Washington Township.

The elder Mv. Boltmann secured a farm of one
hundreil and sixty acres, niostlj' wild hind, on
which he at once began to make iininovements. It
is now known far and near as a home of great
comfort, wliere [(leasing hospitality abounds and
ihe social pleasures of life are thoronglily enjo^yed.
Air. and Mrs. Boltmann are now quite old, having
been born in 1812, the former July 19 and the lat-
ter September 19. Mr. Boltmann has been identi-
fied with the Republican party, and he and his
wife have been active members of the Lutheran
Church since their childhood. The}' are particu-
larly well known by the best German families of
the county and are respected by all.

The gentleLuan with whose name this sketch

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

291

is introduced, was educated in tlie publio schools
of Du Page and Will Counties, and acquired a
practical knowledge of agriculture on the parental
estate. He was engaged in tilling the soil until
after the breaking out of the Civil War, when he
entered the I'nion army as a raenilicr of Company
II. Seventeenth Illinois Cavalry, (ioing south,
llie regiment was put under the general conunand
of Sheridan, and under that gallant leader pni'tici-
pated in the battles which have made his name
famous. Mr. Boltmann also took i)art in the bat-
tles of Atlanta and others of prominence, escaping
injur}-, exceiiting a slight wound on the knee, in
all his arduous and dangerous campaigning, lie
remained in the field until the close of the war, when,
being discharged, June 8, ISG.'j, he returned to his
father's home justly proud of his record as a loyal
citizen and brave soldier.

Mr. Boltmann continued to occupy himself with
agriculture until 1873, when he establisheil himself
in business at Beecher, dealing in wines and liquors
until his health failed. He closed his eyes in death
August 24, 1878, since which time his widov/ lias
siiccessfully carried on the business, to the inter-
est of which lie h.ad given his entire attention after
its institution. The nature of Mr. Boltmann was
a thrifty, kindly and capable one, and he was well
known for his generositj' toward his fellow-men
and looked upon as a good business man. He was
a member of Blue Lodge, No. 740, F. & A. M., at
Grant Park, and had filled the various chairs. He
was a sound Democrat in politics and his religious
faith coincided with the doctrines of the Lutheran
Church, to which he belonged, and to which he
gave liberally.

The marriage of Fred Boltmann and iliss Soishia
Olenkemp was celebrated in Du Page County, this
■State. The bride was boi-n in Hanover, Germany,
October 9, 1846. She was reared to womanhood
in her native land, receiving an excellent educa-
tion there, and after she came to America acquired
good use of the English tongue. In 186G slie
crossed the ocean in compan}^ with an uncle, the
passage from Brcmerhaveu to New York on the
sailing-vessel "Shakespeare" consuming seven weeks
and two days. She came at once to Illinois, and
for a time resided in Du Page County, subse-

quenntly making her home in Washington Town-
ship, Will Connty. Her parents were William and
So|)liia (Herman) Olenkemp, both natives of Han-
over and descendants of German stock of the bet-
ter class. Blr. Olenkemp was a shoemaker. Two
years after their daughter had come to Aniericii
he and his wife made their arrangements to follow
her to the New World. They were about ready to
start when the husband and father sickened and
died when aliout fifty-five years old. The widowed
mother subsequently made the journey with the
children who remained with her, an<l joining her
daughter in Will County, spent her last days there.
She died .Inly 27, 1879, at the ripe age of seventy-
five years, at the home of her daughter, Mrs.
Boltmann. She and her husliand belonged to the
Lutiieran Church. Their family consisted of four
daughters and one son, the latter of whom, Henry
Oleukerap, is now running a meat market in Wyo-
mi)ig. He has served five years in the regular
army.

INIrs. Boltmann is a shrewd and capable woman,
who manages lier business affairs with great abil-
ity. She belongs to the Lutheran Church and
generously suiiports every good work wdiich is
done therein. She is the mother of six children,
one of whom, a daughter, Emma, died when eight-
een months old. The living are: Tilda, wife of
Henry Biefeldt, a lumber dealer of Beecher: Henry
and William, who are carrj'ing on the farm in
AVashington Township, and Alvina, who keejjs
house for them ; and Rosa, who remains at home
with the mother.

■■^1

•^Yi AMES C. ZARLEY is the owner and occu-
! pant of one of the fine farms of .loliet
, Township, his home being located on sec-
/' tion 28, and comprising three hundred acres
of beautiful land, upon which complete and excel-
lent improvements have l)een made. The place is
devoted to the dairy business, from si.xty to eighty
cows being kept, and Ibreo wagons run to Joliel,
where the milk is sold. That (lart of tiie estate
which is under tillage is thoroughly cultivated,

292

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

and on every hand are to be seen evidences of tlie
tlnift and prosperity of the owner.

Among the very earliest settlers in this county
were the late Reason Zarlcy and his wife. He was
born in Kentucky, and in 1814 was married to
Sarah Mustard, a native of Ohio. In Sciota
County, of that Stale, they made tiieir first home,
coming to Illinois in 1828, and spending about
three years in the vicinity of Danville, Vermilion
County. In 1831 they removed to this county,
settling on the farm now owned by our subject.
Here they took \\\> the labors of [)ioneer life, un-
flinchingly enduring the arduous toils and severe
privations to which they were subject, and braving
danger and even deatii in their efforts to subdue
nature and develop the resources which she pos-
sessed. On at least one occasion they were obliged
to leave their home and seek protection from
savage foes in a town where some preparation was
made to meet and repulse the Indians. This was
daring the Black Hawk War. when the Sacs and
Foxes were terrorizing the settlers upon the fron-
tier. Better times gradually dawned, the ci untr^'
became more thickly settled, the comforts of life
more easy to obtain, and the surroundings more
pleasant and quiet. Keason Zarley became a highly-
respected and influential citizen, and wlien called
hence in August, 1850, he left to his descendants
that best of all inheritances — au honored name.
He was one of the first Justices of the Peace in
this vicinit}', having been elected when wliat is
now "Will Count3' was still a p.art of Cook Count}-.
Mrs. Sarah Zarley was a dauglitcr of the Kev.
William Mustard, one of the i)ioneer Methodist
preachers in Ohio. She joined the Methodist
Church when eighteen years old. and was a mem-
ber for over seventy-five years. Her death took
place August 4, 1887, at the home of her son-in-
law, Gabriel Noel, iu Jackson Townshi|), tliis
count\-. Her nu'mory is held in loving remem-
brance b}' her descendants, to whom Grandma
Zf.rley w,as a model of beautiful old age. She had
borne her husband twelve children, of whom the
subject of this sketch is the tenth. Two of their
deceased children were for many 3-ears proprietors
of the Joliet Signal. These were Calneh and
Calvin Zarley, the former of whom was born in

Pike County, Ohio, April 21, 1822. In M.ny,
184G, in companj- with his brothei' Calvin, whose
death occurred many years ago, he began the
publication of the Joliet Signal, which he edited
for forty years. At the time of his death he was
in compauj- with R. S. Brown, the publishing firm
being kn„wn as Zarlev & Brown. Calneh Zarle^'
died August 20, 1886. He is well remembered by
the citizens of Joliet, and by many outside this
flourishing corporation.

The gentleman with whose name this sketch is
introduced, was born August 26, 1832, in Danville,
to which place his parents had fled for safety dur-
ing the Black Hawk' War. He grew to manhood
on his father's homestead iu this county, where the
greater part of his life has been spent. In 1864 he
went to Montana and engaged in mining for ten
years, meeting with varying success, but return-
ing to his native State somewhat better ofl' finan-
cially than when he ha<1 left it. Since that time
he has given his attention entireh' to farming, be-
coming an exi)ert in the business, and particularly
in the management of a dairv farm.

Personally. Mr. Zarley is well calculated to make
friends, being cordial in manner, intelligent in
mind, and honorable in his dealings with his fel-
low-men. He held the otHce of .Supervisor of
Joliet Township one term, and has been .School
Director for a number of j'ears. In the advance-
ment (jf the cause of education he has alwaj's been
greatly interested, as well as in other matters which
tend to elevate society and increase the prosperity
of the country. In politics he is a Democrat. He
attends the BaiUist Cluirch. of which his wife is a
member.

In .loliet, October 3, 1876, Mr. Zarley was
I united in marriage with Miss Ida, daughter of
I Jacob and Kliza (Boss) Patrick. Mrs. Zarley is
the youngest in a family of ten children, and was
born in Aux Sable, Grundy Count}-. October 6,
1845. She is an educated and refined woman, who
looks well to the ways of her household, is devoted
to husband and children, and full of kindly deeds
to those .about her. Her father was a native of
New York and her mother of Canada, their first
home after marriage being in the latter countr}-.
Thence they came to this county iu au early day.

■p^^t

i\ ?-,

PORTRAIT AND BIOCtRAPHICAL ALBUM.

295

settling in .loliut Townslii|), but afterward remov-
ing to Grinuly County. They subsequently re-
turned to this township, in which they breathed
Iheir last. Mr. and Mrs. ZarleN- are the parents of
live children — \Villiain H., Arthur M.. G. Noel,
Maud II. :unl Louie V..

-^K"

NDREW J. MILL.S, M. D., the Coroner
of this county, is numbered among its
prominent and most successful practition-
ers, and is in the enjoyment of a good busi-
u'ss. lie is a man in the prime of life, having
been born Septembei' 19, 1834, and is a native of
Kssex County, N. Y.

Dr. Mills is the offspring of substantial stoi-k,
being the .son of William Mills, likewise a native
of Essex County, N. Y., and who was born May 2,
1K12. The latter gi-ew to mature years in his na-
tive county and was there married to Miss Lnra
A. Fisk. The mother of our subject was born in
Rutland County, \'t.. May 21, 1811, and was taken
b\- her parents to New York State when a child of
eight years. In the year 183G the family took uii
their line of march toward what was then the far
\\'cst. hjcating in Franklin County, Ohio, where
they s(«journed until 1851, the father engaging in
terming [Hirsuits. That 3'ear they decided u|)on
another change of residence and coming to this
eouutv, settled near Twelve Mile Grove. The
father in IHIH had entered one liundred and sixty
acres of land and upon this he took up his residence
witli his lamily and prosecuted agriculture until
18(51. Then with his estimable wife, retiring from
the active labors of life, he left the farm and re-
moved to .loliet, where the father is still living.
The mother departed this life August 8, 1887. IJolh
parents had identitied themselves with the Metho-
dist Episcopal Church during their younger years.
William Mills originally was a Jacksonian Demo-
crat, but voted for William Henry Harrison in
1,S4(), and upon the formation of the Republican
partv identified himself with it. He however has
never been a political aspirant, but is contented to
cast his vote at the general elections. He is highly

respected and may be properly numbered among
the pioneer residents of this county.

Dr. A. J. Mills, the subject of this notice, spent
his younger years in his native State and upon the
removal of the family to Ohio, i)ursued his first
studies in the common schools, making good head-
way and becoming cpiite proficient at an early age.
He began the reading of medicine alone and after
entering the army was under the instruction of Dr.
Z. P. Hanson, now a noted physician of Chicago.
His studies however were frequently interrupted,
as he was obliged to secure the means for continu-
ing them.

Upon the outbreak of the Civil War the Doctor
entered the ranks of the Union Army, enlisting in
the Forty-second Illinois Infantry and being com-
missioned as Assistant Surgeon of the regiment.
He was at the front and in the field hospitals and
for four months was on the medical staff of the
Artillery l>riga<le. Fourth Army Corps, going
thiough the Atlanta campaign. He served until
the close of the war, receiving then his honorable
discharge and being mustered out April 16, 1865.
Upon leaving the army Dr. Mills entered the
Miami Medical College at Cincinnati, in the class
of 1865 and 1866, from which he emerged fully
quail lied for the duties which awaited him, having
graduated March 1, 1866. It is hardlj- necessary
to state that politically, he is a stanch Republican.
He was elected to his present office in the fall of
1888 and is prominently connected with the Will
County Medical Society.

Miss Sarah E. Whitcmore was wedded to our
subject March 29, 1855. Mrs. Mills was born
September 26, 1835, in AV^ashington County, Pa.,
and is the daughter of Francis W. and Frances A.
(Webb) Whitemore, who were natives of Virginia
and Maryland, respectively. They came to Illinois
about 1811, and settled first at Magnolia, Putnam
Count}'. Subsequently they came to this county,
where they sojourned for a few years, and are now
deceased.

The children born to Dr. Mills and his esti-
mable ladj'are recorded as follows: William F. was
graduated from Rush Medical College in the class
of 1 887, and is now a practicing physician of Man-
hattan, this county; he married Miss Agnes R.

•200

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

McDonougli, and Ihey have one child, a daughter,
Elda A. George W. oflicia'.es as the ]S'oith western
Agent for the tobacco manufacturing firm of Wil-
son, McCallaj' & Co., making his lieadquarters at
Omalia. Neb.; he married Miss Nellie A. Diamond,
and the}- have three daughters: Merle Ada, Ililma
Lillian and Veldene Eloise. l.ura Frances is the
wife of William iM. Mitchell of Rockville. Kanka-
kee County, and they have one child, a son, Ken-
neth Mills.

Dr. Mills is one of the oldest members of Wilton
Lodge, No. 640, I. O. O. F., iu which he has held
the different offices and represented his lodge in
the Grand L'xlge of the State, since its organiza-
tion in 1877. He also belongs to William A. Webb
Post, No. 657, G. A. R., of which he was the first
Commander. He lakes pride in his practice and
aims to excel. The medical profession was one
which he chose in his boyhood for his life vocation
and one to which he gives his best efforts as the
result of his practice indicates. Socially and per-
sonally, he is held in high esteem, being numbered
among the leading citizens of .Toliet.

A litliogi:i[(liic portrait of Dr. Mills appears else-
where in this volume.

iILLIAM CALHOUN. This great Republic
owes a larger debt than she can ever pay to
the loyal citizen-soldiers who rallied to her
defence in the darkest hours of the Rebellion, and
heroically fought and suffered, and never laid
down their arms till the glorious Stars and Stripes
once more waved over a free and undivided country.
As a representative of those heroes it pleases us to
give this brief life record of William Calhoun, who
with several of his luothers did honorable service
in the I'nion array during the late war. Our sub-
ject is a farmer in Custer Township, owning and
managing a good farm on section 20.

Abi>er Calhoun, the father of our subject, was a
farmer, and a native of New York. He was a soldier
in the Black Hawk War, and received a land war-
rant for his good services. The mother of our sub-
ject was Mary (Hoyt) Calhoun, a native of Ohio,

She was married to the father of our subject in
that State, and removed to Michigan at an early
day of its settlement. Thej' came to Illinois in
1853, and located on the farm now belonging to
our subject, and there spent the remainder of their
days, he dying in 1855, and she April 19,1878.
The}- were the parents of twelve children, all sons
but one, eight of whom are now living.

The one of whom we write was the sixth child
in order of birth, and was born in the month of
Januacy, 1836. His educational advantages were
very meagre, and consisted of a short attendance
in the district school. He was early called upon
to assist his father in the farm work, and after tlie
latter's death took tender care of his mother as
long as she lived, and did not marry until after her
death.

After the breaking out of the war our subject
watched its course with patriotic interest, and as
soon as jjossible offered his services to his conntrj-.
enlisting August 12, 1862, in Company F, Seventj--
sixlh Illinois lufantrj', and served faithfully till
August 12, 1865. He took part iu manj- battles,
and his officers always found him to be an efficient
and trustworthy soldier. He was in the battle of
Mobile, Ala., and participated in a large num-
ber of severe skirmishes. He served under Gens.
Steele, Crocker, Thomas, McPherson, Grant and
i Sherman. In December, 1862, Mr. Calhoun was
sioli in the hospital for a short time, and was then
sent to the convalescent camp at Memphis, Tenn.
From the hospital there he was sent to St. Louis
Hospital, in which he remained till after the siege
of Vicksburg. He then rejoined his regiment, and
while it was on a raid from Natchez he received a
sunstroke, which was very severe in its effects, and
for eighteen months he was almost blind, and he
lost the entire use of his left car. and could scarcely-
hear with his right one. Notwithstanding his ter-
rible condition he never left his regiment all
through his sickness, and was finally discharged
with it after the close of the war. at Galveston,
Tex.

The Calhoun family was well represented in the
army, as lieside our subject three of his brothers
did valu.al>le service in the defence of their coun-
try's honor — Ransford, Henry and .Albert. Th?

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

297

last named sacrificed his life for tlie old flag. He
wus a youth of seventeen years when he en-
listed in the same company and regiment as our
subject, and in 18G4 he received injuries from which
he died at his home soon after at the age of nine-
teen, and iiis body now lies in the cemetery at Cus-
ter Park. His brother, Henry J., enlisted in the
same regiment and company at the age of twenty
years, and did brave service on many a hard-fought
battlefield. He endured the hardships and priva-
tions of a soldier's life without a murmur, and is
still suffering from a ivnee which was injured while
in tlie array. He is forty-eight years of age, and
in the prime of life has acquired a competence on
his farm in Plymouth County, Iowa. He is mar-
ried and has a fine family of four children.

After retiring from the army Mr. Calhoun quietly
resumed farming operations ou his farm in Custer
Township. He has labored assiduously to place
its one hundred and twenty acres under the best
of cultivation, and now has it well improved, and
supplied with neat buildings, and everything nec-
essary for operating it to good advantage.

December 21, 1883, Mr. Calhoun took an impor-
tant step in life, which has contributed greatly to
his comfort and happiness, as on that date he was
married to Miss Ellen A. Bray. Her father, Dom-
inick Bray, is an old soldier, and is now suffering
from the effects of his faithful service while in the
army. He and his wife have a comfortable home
near Jamestown, Cloud Count}^, Kan. Mrs. Cal-
lioun is a native of this State, born in Kankakee
County, where she received an excellent com-
mon-school education. The pleasant home cir-
cle of our subject and his wife is completed by
three children — Frank B., William Wesley and Jes-
sie L.

Mr. Calhoun is a man of sterling, self-respecting
character, well-balanced mind, and his whole career
has shown him to be a patriotic, trustworthy citi-
zen, deserving of all confidence and regard. He
concerns himself in the welfare of this township,
where he has made his home since boyhood, and
when he has been called to office has, by his faith-
ful and efficient attention to the duties thus
devolving upon him, materially forwarded its inter-
ests. He is Director of this school district, and has

held this position for the last fourteen years, and
he has also been Pathmaster. He is a member of
Bowen Post, G. A. Iv., at Wilmington. He is a
sturdy- supporter of the Ue[)ubljcan party, and
always votes for its candidates. He began life for
himself einpl^- handed, and has attained his present
good circumstances by persistent and well directed
toil.

'i^m-

ICHAI:L J. CUNNINGHAM. It is sel-
dom that a young man reaches a more
■ prominent station than that held by the
above-named gentleman, or exhibits so
many intellectual and business qualities at so early
an age. Mr. Cunningham, although not yet thirty
years old, is Mayor of Manhattan and one of its
most popular business men, and added to this he
has a record of usefulness in pedagogical work,
both as teaclierand institute worker. He is shrewd
and energetic in the prosecution of whatever he
undertakes, has mental ability of no mean order,
and is full of public spirit and interest in the pro-
gress of the coiintry.

Even a brief record of the lives of his parents
will suffice to show that Mr. Cunningham is the
inheritor of many of the qualities which give him
prominence in the community and that he would
be unworthy of his parentage were he not enter-
prising and zealous. His father, James Cunning-
ham, was born in County Longford, Ireland, and
became a machinist. He emigrated to America and
for some time worked at his trade in Poughkeepsie,
N. Y. In 1857, he located in this county, for five
years operating a farm in the northern part of this
township. He then purchased one hundred and
sixty acres of raw land in New Lenox Township,
placed it under good improvement and successfully
operated it until 1871, when he was taken sick.
After three years of invalidism, he closed his e^'es
to earthly scenes, leaving his farm encumbered
somewhat by a mortgage.

With wonderful tact and good management, Mrs.
Cunningham succeeded by the aid of her children
in clearing their home from indebtedness and in so
conducting their affairs as to be able to secure

298

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Westorii lands also. Slio now owns two hundred and
forty acros near Marysvillu, Kan., and retains pos-
session of the rarui in this eonnty which is now
rented, hut upon which she resided until 1889. She
now lives with our subject and her dauf^htcr, Katie
L. Like liei hiishanil, she was born in Ireland,
Count}' Kilkenny- having been her birthplace. She
bore the maiden name of Bridget Ring and is a
daughter of Thomas Ring, who, although a farmer,
was a graduate of the Latin School of Dublin. She
is a sister of the Rev. Patrick Ring, of St. Louis,
prominent in the Catholic Church, and with whom
she came to America, stopping in the Kmpire State
where she was married to 'Mv. Cunningham. Both
she and her husband have l)een active members of
the Roman Catholic Ciiurch and Mv. Cunningham
was a Democrat.

The family of wliicli our subject is the sixth
member includes also Matthew, foreman for the
Nebraska City Packing House; Thonuis, a man of
leisure, who is traveling a great part of the time;
Richard, Mayor of SummerSeld, Kan., and engaged
in tiie agricultural imi)lement business; Martin,
deceased; RLrry E.. wife of Nelson L^nx, partner
of our subject; Katie L. ; and Maggie E., now JNLs.
Nugent, of Wilton Township.

The grandfather of our subject was James Ciui-
ningham, who followed agricultural pursuits in the
Emerald Isle, and w ho bore a very active part in
tiie Irish Rebellion. Some seven years before his
death he had a paralytic stroke, and from that time
he suffered more or less.

The natal day of our subject was April 11, 18G2,
and his birthplace, the township in which he is now
so popular. He was reared in New Lenox Town-
ship and prior to his seventeenth year attended the
district schools. He then entered the Normal
School at Valparaiso, Lid., and after completing
the scientific course, was graduated in 188L He
adopted the profession of teaching, the fiist two
years of his professional labor being given to the
schools in Spencer. He then accepted the Princi-
palshi]) of the New Lenox graded school, retaining
the position three years anil during the time taking
an active part in the work of the county institutes,
and in other ways advancing the cause of educa-
tion. His services were requested at New Lenox

the fourth year, but he resigned the position to
which he had been elected in order to embark in
mercantile pursuits.

Forming a partnersliip with Nelson Lynx, of
Spencer, Mr. C'unningham began the sale of general
merchandise in a rented building in Manhattan.
The stock was new and well selected, the proprie-
tors pleasant and courteous, and success attended
their efforts. In the fall of IMSl) they put up a
new store building. 21x72 feet in dimensions, and
increased their stock which is now the largest as-
sortment of general merchandise in town. iMr.
Cunningham also does a large business for the
Home Insurance Company, of New York, and at-
tends to the renting of the home farm and his
brother's estate.

During 1889 Mr. Cunningham was \'illage Clerk
and in 1890 he was elected Mayor without exertion
on his [lart. Tliis fact is indicative of his poj)U-
larity and the reputation which he has. He is an
active Democrat and has been a delegate to county
and State conventions. He belongs to the Sacred
Heari Catholit Church' of Jollet.

:i*^

(| SALTER B. STEWART, M.D., Ph.C,
\/iJ// J""'*^'' partner of the firm of Curtis &
W^ Stewart, is one of the younger members-
of the medical profession of this countj', and lo-
cated in Joliet May 1, 1888. He was born in
Wilmington, this county, February KJ, 18GG, and
is the son of J. W. Stewart, one of the early set-
tlers of this region and now a leading banker of
Wilmington. The mother bore the maiden name
of Lettie Whitten. The [larental family consisted
of four childien.

Dr. Stewart obtained his preliminary education
in the schools of his native place, and completed
his studies in Champaign College in 1885, receiv-
ing the degree of Ph.C. Soon afterward he com-
menced the reading of medicine under the instruc-
tion of Dr. Curtis, his partner, with whom he
continued until entering a course of lectures iit
the College of Physicians & Surgeons, Chicago,
from which he was graduated in the class of '88.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

299

Soon afterward he was appointed House Surgeon
of St. Joseph's Hospital, which position lie still
liolds. He makes a specialty of surgery, and has
already attained considerable reputation in this
branch of the practice, having rare opportunities
for study and observation in connection with his
duties at the hos|)ital. This institution accommo
dates over fifty [)atier ts, and aside from tiiis Dr.
Stewart is building up quite an extensive private
practice. His sivill and ability are acknowledged
facts among the people who have souglit his ser-
vices, and it is predicted that in the near future he
is destined to make for himself a reputation as a
physician and surgeon of no mean acquirements.
He is unmarried. Politically', he is a Republican.

^pf UGUST BOEHL, as a farmer of large
^ V/ t experience, great capability, sagacious and

If II far-seeing, and prudent in the manage-
i^* ment of his affairs, is considered one of

the most successful of the well-to-do agriculturists
wiio are active in pushing forward the material
interests of Will County in general, and of Monoe
Township in particular. Associating himself with
the pioneers of this region, he has tilled the soil to
some purpose during the three or more decades
that he has lived here, as is shown by the fine ap-
pearance of his well-appointed and well- stocked
farm, with its neat buildings and well-tilled fields.
While doing a general farming business, ]\Ir. Boehl
has paid special attention to rearing horses the
last seventeen years, and for six years has been a
breeder of thorough-bred English Shire horses,
and now has a fine herd, among them being some
that are imported.

August Boehl is of foreign birth, Ijorn in Prus-
sia, Germany, August 13. 1835. His parents.
Christian and Christina (Weigand) ]5oehl, were
natives of the same place as himself. They had
three children — Christina, Willielmena and August.
While our subject was scarcely more than a babe,
he had the misfortune to lose his good mother, who
died in 1838. llis father married again, Freder-
icka Cacker becoming his wife, by whom he had

the following seven children: Louisa, Catherine,
Christian, George, AV^illiam, Henry and Frederick.
The fatiier was a manufacturer of cloth in his
native country, but abandoned tli.at business when
he came to the United States in 1857, accompa-
nied by his family with the exception of the
eldest daughter. Me settled on forty acres of
land on section 15, Monee Township, where liis
earthl\- pilgrimage came to an end in 1863, at the
age of fiftj'-seven years. Llis wife survivo<l liim
until 1885, when she too p.assed away.

The subject of this biographical review passed
the earl^' j'ears of his life in his native Germany,
and there received a substantial education. Ho
worked for ids father in the old country, and
after coming here spent his first si.x months at
employment for which he was paid $12 a month.
He subsequently began life on his own account,
and in 1859 purchased eighty acres of the land
where he now lives for $1,000. At different times
he has added to this, first a tract of twenty acres,
then one of eighty acres, and subsequently one of
forty acres, paying $5 an acre for the timber land.
This, by incessant toil, he now has well cultivated,
and has all the necessary improvements and ap-
pointments to make it one of the best-eq'iip|)ed
farms in tlie township.

Mr. Boehl has not been unaided in his labors,
but has had the cheerful co-operation of a capable
wife, to whom he was married in the month of
May, 1858. Nine children have been Itorn to
them, namely: Emma, deceased, who was the wife
of Henry Dierchas; Edward, a resident of Minne-
sota; August, Arthur, Charles, George, Louis,
Lilly and Mary.

Our subject has always honored industry in
word and deed, and hence he ha.s done well in hia
life work. A man of roundabout common-sense,
wise and careful in the management of his .affairs,
his fellow-citizens, ap[)reciating these character-
istics and his general trustworthiness, have called
him to the responsible office of Supervisor, and
he represented his township on tiie County Board
for three terms, and has used his influence to
promote the best interests of the public. In
politics, he favors by voice and vote the Repub-
lican party, he having been a mcndier of that

:',no

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

oi'gaiiizalion sincf lie cast liis first ballot for Lin-
coln. He anil his wife are amonj^' the most es-
teemed niemher.s of the I'liited Presbyterian
Churcii. and tiieir ever3'-day lives are guided by
their religious principles.

^1% WIGHT C. HAYE>'. Among the younger
Jj members of the Joliel bar, none are more de-
serving of honorable mention than Dwigbt
C. Haven, who was born in New Lenox, Ma^- 10,
186.'5. The Havens trace their history back to the
days when the '"IMayflowcr" was plowing tlie waters
of the might}- deep. In one of her later trijis she
brought a progenitor of the famil}' to America.
The grandfather of our subject was Samuel Haven,
who came with his family to this county in 1835.
from Chautauqua County, N. Y. He and his sons
were verj' pronounced, outspoken Abolitionists, and
|)articularly was this true of the father.

The parents of our subject were Dwight and
Lizzie (Craig) Haven, the mother being a native
of Dublin. L-eland. although of .Scotch parentage.
Of the five children born to them one is dead. The
living are: Samuel Rush Haven of Joliet; Edith A.,
and Bertha A., who are yet at home, and he of
whom we write. The father was School Commis-
sioner for Will County, from 1865 to 1868, and
the Haven family w.as one of prominence among
the early settlers.

The early life of our subject was passed in his
native place, his boyhooil being marked with no
eventful incident. Being ambitious for the acquire-
ment of knowledge he was sent to the Illinois Uni-
versity at Champaign, from which institution he
was graduated in the class of '83. In the military
(k'liartment of the University he received from the
Governor of Illinois the commission of a Captain
(Brevet) of the Illinois National Guards, for his
proficiency in military tactics. He has since taken
a great interest in the National Guards and is now
Captain and Adjutant of the Fourth Infantry Regi-
ment. He served through two strikes in which the
troops were called out. in the years 1885 and 1889.

After his graduation young Haven .adopted the

profession of teaching, which is an almost universal
stepping stone to other professional work, his knowl-
edge being made useful as an instructor at his own
home. He began reading law in the office of Hill
it Di bell in 1884, and was admitted to the bar in
1886. He at once began practice in connection
with the Hon. Charles A. Hill, ^I. C. who was one
of his preceptors, the firm name being Hill Ar Haven.
It was changed in .lannary, 1881, to that of Hill,
Haven ct Hill, upon the admission of Alfred M.
Hill, son of Capt. Hill, as a |)artner.

In social circles Mr. Haven stands high, his cour-
teous manners, intellectual culture, and good habits
entitling him to esteem. He is a Knight Templar
and member of the Independent Order of Red Men.
In politics he is a Republican and is President
of the. Joliet Lincoln Club. He was married April
3, 1890, to Miss Marian Robinson, of Minneapolis,
Minn.

-4-

C. HALEY. Tills gentleman, although still
a young man, has a fine reputation as a mem-
ber of the legal profession and a citizen of
whose worth no one is in doubt. He was
born in Saranac, Clinton County. N. Y.. JIarch 17,
1849, and with his parents came to Will County.
III., in 1851. He attended the public schools and
added to his store of learning by a course of study
in the Universit_y of Notre Dame, at South Bend,
Ind. He then read law with T. L. Breekeiiridge,
of Joliet, and took a complete law course in the
I'niversity, at Ann Arbor, Mich., from which he
w,as graduated in 1871.

The same j^ear Mr. Haley was adinitteil to the
bar and immediately began practice soon havino- a
large and lucrative business. He is a clear thinker,
a close student into the details of a case, a logical
pleader and h.as the keen wit and comtnandiii"'
))resence that go far to secure the attention of coun-
selors and jurymen. His ability attracted attention
and he was elected City Attorney, anil he has also
served on the Common Council. Such is his fitness
f(U' office that no one questions his services. It was
natural that he should be selected as the standard
bearer for his party in political battles and he has

PORTRAIT AND KIOGKAPHICAL ALBUM.

301

been the nominee for Member of Congress twice in
succession in the Kigiitii District, neiirj}' overcom-
ing a Republican niajorit3' of six thousand and
lacking but one hundred and seventy-eight votes
of election.

It is but natural to conclude that in choosing a
com|)anion in life Mr. Haley would seek for a lad}'
with cultured mind and manners, and a character
of nobility. Such was the case, and among the
members of a prominent fanuly of this city he
found the woman he desired as his wife. This w^as
3Iiss Mar}' A. D'Arc}', and thej' were united in
marriage December 1, 1875. Mrs. Haley is no less
[lopular than her husband and the home over which
she presides is a frequent gathering place for the
cultured and accomplished friends they possess.

/^AMPP>ELL 1$R0S. This firm comprises
[l( James and Alexander Campbell, two of the

^^^' most enterprising young citizens of Man-
hattan Township, who oi)eratc two hundred anti
forty acres on section 13, this being their mother's
farm, and forty acres adjoining, and whose spec-
ialty is breeding full-blooded Clydesdale horses.
The}- have as much money invested in imported
cquines as any firm in the township, and a lover
of horse flesh would be much pleased with the
fine animals to be seen on their place. They arc
also doing a successful farm business, their crops
being equal to any in the neighborhood in quality
and amount per acre.

A brief space devoted to tlie more immediate
ancestors of the Campbell Pros, will not be amiss,
ris in tliis way an insight maj' be gained into the
cliaractcr which they inherit, and a reason found
f(jr their success. Their paternal grandfather, John
Campbell, was a native of Scotland, wherein be
followed the trade of a mason until his death, also
serving for a time in the English army. His son
John was born in Rlerathel, Scotland, learned the
tr.ade of the father, and in 1851, while still u!i-
married, came to America. After working at his
trade in New York City for some time he went
South, sojourning during various periods in Ala-

bama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and other Southern
States. He finally made his way to Joliet, III.,
where he continued his former pursuits, among the
jobs in which he assisted being the Warden's house
at the penitentiary. He also worked at his trade
in Chicago, althougli making iiis home still in
Joliet.

About 1859 this gentleman removed to the
country, and some two years later left Joliet Town-
ship to take possession of one hundred acres of
raw land, which forms a part of the present Camp-
bell farm. Immediately after his inirchasc he lie-
gan making improvements, liiring help to run the
farm while he continued to work at his trade in the
two cities ijcfore mentioned. He proved a suc-
cessful manager and overseer, added to his landed
estate, and at the time of bis death owned two
hundred acres. He breathed his last March 18,
1886, when sixty-four years old. For j-ears he did
efficient service as School Director. He belonged
to the Republican party, and to the Prt-sbytcrian
Church.

The mother of t'ne Campbell Bros, was l>orn near
Glasgow, Scotland, and is a daughter of Sandj-
Kior, who came to America in 1851. Her father
was a mason, who like the gentleman who became his
son in-law, worked at his trade in New York ('ity,
and afterward in Joliet and Chicago, making
his home in the former place. He invested in
land, and eventuallj' became a large farmer. (Sec
sketch of James Kier.) His daughter Grace was
reared in Scotland, and was a j'oung lady when
she crossed the Atlantic, not long ;ifter which she
became the wife of John Campbell. She is now
living in Hamilton County, Iowa, with her chil-
dren. She has borne eight sons and daughters, as
follows: Kate, now Mrs. McLaughlin, of Hamil-
ton County, Iowa; John, a fanner in the same
county; Charles, who died in Will Count}'; James
and Alexander, of this sketch; Eliza, who lives
with the two lirothers just named; Maggie is de-
ceased ; and Archie is attending the High School at
Joliet.

James Campbell opened his e\ce to the light of
d.ay May 4, 1863, on the farm which is his present
home. He was reared upon it, and educated in the
district schools, remaining under the parental roof

302

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

until the deatli of his fatlier, in 188G. He then
rented a farm of two hundred and forty aei-es in
Maniiattan Township, from his uncle, James Kier,
and operatjd the same until the spring of 1889,
when he formed a connection with his brother and
returned to liis. former home.

Alexander Campbell was also born on this farm
August 3, 1865. He enj03'ed the privileges af-
forded in the common schools, and remained upon
the farm with his mother until September, 1888,
receiving wages for his services after he had
reached his majority. He then made a journey to
Scotland, for the double purpose of imjiroving his
health, and buying Clydesdale horses for himself
and brother James. Going to New York City he
embarked on the C'unard steamer ''Umbria,"' Sep-
tember 15, and six and a half days later landed in
Liverpool. Going to Glasgow he made that city
his headquarters while traveling somewhat, in the
land from which his ancestors came, visiting the
former homes of liis parents, etc. He sailed from
Glasgow November 10, on the steanun- "Grecian,"
stopping at Halifax twenty-four hours, and arriv-
ing in Philadelphia November 29, whence he caiue
directly home.

While abroad Mr. Campbell purchased five full-
blooded Clydesdale horses and an Iceland pony,
which he brought with him to America. Soon
after his return he rented the home farm and an
adjoining tract, and with his brother began the
operation of the same. They have all the modern
conveniences in the way of buildings, use the lat-
est improved farm machinery, and devote them-
selves with unremitting zeal to the work they have
in hand. About one hundred and ninety acres arc
planted, principally with corn and oats, and the
balance is used as pasture and having ground.
They cmploj' four teams in their f.irm labors, and
in addition to their specialty raise a good grade of
cattle and liogs. '

The Camiibell Bros, now have about twenty-five
head of graded horses on their place, while their
full-blooded equines include three mares and two
stallions. Mabel Eden is a beautiful ba}- five j'ears
old : Betsey is three, and Florence two. These
were imported bj" themselves, as was Sir Burt, a
three-year old, registered as No. ^00. Prince

Revcnsworth, also an imported animal, is eight
J'ears old. and registered as Xo. 1700. The Camp-
bell Bros, imported Red Moss Chief, who is now
owned by their brother in ]<3wa.

Neither member of the firm is married, but they
have an efficient housekeeper in their sister. James
is a member of the Presbyterian Church at Joliet,
and both are held in excellent repute in that citj-,
and wherevei' they are known. James is a Demo-
crat, while Alexander is iudei>endent in politics.

lir^r^^HOMAS J. KIRK, whose pleasant home in
in Florence Township, is a native of Janes-
ville. Wis. and was born Julj' 18, 1854. His
parents, James and Elizabeth (Forsythe) Kirk, were
born in the Emerald Isle and married in Ogdens-
burgh, N. Y., whence they removed to Janesville.
In 1860 they changed their place of abode to Will
County, III., locating on a farm in Florence Town-
ship, where both subsequently died. The elder
Kirk was a cooper by trade and also a farmer. The
family consisted of six children — Mary J. now
wife of Joseph AVhalen, a Dakota farmer; our sub-
ject; Elizabeth, still unmarried ; Andrew, James and
William, fanners in tliis county, two of them hav-
ing homes in the same township.

The gentleman of whom we write was reared in
this township from about his sixth vear. and liPS
followed farming since youth. He owns eighty
acres of fertile land, which is carefully and intelli-
gently tilled ami bears adequate improvements. At
present the attention of Mr. Kirk is divided be-
tween his agricultural work, threshing and well
drilling. He stands well in the estimation of his
fellowmen, being reliable and energetic in his bus-
iness affairs, kindly in social and domestic life, and
useful as a citizen of the county and State.

Mr. Kirk has served five years as Collector of
Florence Township and is now acting for the sec-
ond term in the capacit}- of Assessor. His politi-
cal alliliation is with the Democrat party. The
order and attractiveness of his home are due to the
housewifely skill and pleasing qualities of his wife
who bore the maiden name of Fannii" Jackson. She

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBDM.

305

vas born in Florence Township, August 4, 1855,
o Cliarles and Ellen (Cating) Jackson, and be-
ame tlie wife of our subject January 7, 18.S0.
^our charming daughters have come to bless the
nion. Tiiey are named respectively: Laura E.,
;tlK'l R., Alice and Elinor.

♦ >^ . A .

-*»-

\t;AMES C. WEESE. The building interests
of Joliet would be but poorly represented
in this volume did not its pages contain
mention of J. C. Weese, who has been en-
aged as an architect and builder for manj' years,
u this city he has designed and built many of the
est residences, among them being the dwellings
f II. B. Scutt, M. Calmer, Dr. Raynor, and others,
[e has also done much vvoik in Morris, Aurora,
orkville, and other places. He is a practical car-
enter and architect, whose knowledge has not
cen picked up but was acquired under competent
lasters and improved by practical labor in both
nes.

The Weese family is of tierman extraction, the
r.iud father of our subject having been born in
je Fatherland. His father, John Marcus Weese
ml Laura Ilpwell were born in Can.ada, and after
leir marriage lived for many years. To them
ere born thirteen children, eleven of whom are
ow living, tlif subject of this sketch being the
;cond. The others are: William, a blacksmith
ad carriage builder in Plattville, Kendall County;
[rs. Catherine Mordcn and Mrs. Victoria Lazier,
^ins; Elias N., whose home is at Minooka, Grundy
ounty; Lorain C. and W^ellington, deceased; Mrs.
aura Hurd; Walter; Mrs. Chloe Pierce; and
.deline and John, twins, the latter of whom re-
des in Chicago; Adeline, the first, is deceased.
In County Hastings, Province of Ontario, on
.ngust 30, 1842, the subject of this sketch was
orn. His father being a farmer, his early life
as spent amid rural surroundings, and until the
ge of fifteen j-ears he shared, as a boy could, in
arious agricultural labors in the intervals of his
3hool life. He then served his time as a carpen-
2r's apprentice, working at that trade exclusively

for seven years. He next devoted himself to archi-
tecture, which he learned in the citj' of New York,
for a period of ten years, and since that time has
been designing and building. In 1871 he came to
Joliet, which has been his home during most of
the years since that date. He now occupies an at-
tractive residence at No. 105, Second Avenue,
whose internal arrangements are a model of bouse-
wifeh' skill.

On January 22, 1872, the rites of wedlock were cel-
ebrated between our subject and Miss Kittie Farley,
a resident of Leland, LaSalle County, 111. The
bride is the daughter of the Rev. A. and Mar}'
(Anderson) Farley, the father having been a min-
ister in the United Brethren Church. During the
cholera scourge, which decimated so man}- neigh-
borhoods, in 1852, Mr. and Mrs. Farley were
stricken down with the dread disease, dying within
a week of each other. Their daughter was reared
by an aunt, and under her loving care grew to
womanhood, a noble and relined j-oung lady fitted
for au}' sphere in life.

Sir. and Mrs. Weese are childless, but have an
adopted daughter. Mrs. Weese is a consistent
member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr.
Weese is a true blue Republican, whose first Presi-
dential ballot was cast for Rutherford B. Ha^es, and
who has followed that vote with a steady adherence
to the party which he then chose. A reliable citi-
zen, an intelligent and upright man, he is regarded
with respect by his fellow-citizens, his wife sharing
in their esteem.

ARTIN H. DEMMOND. To pay the trib-
ute of honor and respect to those pio-
neers who went in advance of civilization
and hewed a path for the approach of man,
is alwaj's a pleasant duty. Their self-denial has
given us the comforts of life; their perseverance
laid the foundations of our large cities and thriv-
ing towns. They planted the seed, knowing that
they would not live to enjoy the ripened fruit.
They worked not for themselves, but for poster-
ity, trusting in faith that in due time the reward

306

PORTilAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

of their patient efforts would be realized. The

gentleman whose name introduces this biographi-
cal review is numbered among the wortlu' pio-
neers of Will Couut3'. and though long since
passed from the busj' scenes of life, yet, like the
good man of old, "his works do follow him."

A native of Massachusetts, Mr. Demmond was
born March 4, 1803. but earl^' in life removed to
Oneida Count}', N. Y., then located in Herki-
mer Countj', where he grew to manhood. He spent
the years of his youth in the usual manner, and bj'
studj' and observation gradually acquired a busi-
ness education, which he used successfully in after
life. After being tirmly established in the dry-
goods business, he set up his own household, plac-
ing at its head an estimable lady who bore the
maiden name of Sophia Murray. Mrs. Demmond
was born Jul}' 26, 1804, in Petersburg, N. Y.,
whence when she was still quite young her father
removed to Ca}"uga and later to Sharon. After a
brief residence there, thej- went to AVhitesboro,
Oneida County, and there she grew to woman-
hood. After the death of her father, John Mur-
raj', she went to live in Frankfort, Herkimer
County, N. Y., where she met Mr. Demmond and
with him was united in the holy bonds of matri-
mony April 10, 1831. In that place they began
their married life.

In October, 1834, Mr. Demmond closed out his
business in Frankfort and having resolved upon
removing to the promising West, came to Illinois
and, settling in Joliet, engaged in the mercantile
business. With far-seeing prudence he bought
eight}- acres (/f land lying west of the river, and
lilalteil Dfmmond's addition. His business enter-
prise soon led him into building, and several
blocks which still stand were erected by him. He
became the owner of a number of fine fa~ms and
in the later years of liis life was interested in the
raising of fine cattle. His busy, useful and suc-
cessful life came to a close during the cholera epi-
demic of 1854; he died July 18, of that dread
disease after an illness of but twelve hours. His
remains were first interred at the old homestea<l
but were afterward removed to Oak wood Cemetery.
He was a Democrat until slavery became a party
issue, when his views on that sui)ject led him to

join the Whig party. Mr. Demmond was very
charitable, but performed his deeds of kindness in
a quiet way, not letting his left liand know what
his right hand did.

After the death of her husband Mrs. Demmond
closed out his business, which left herjin possession
of ample means. Her mother came to live with her
and died at her home. Her household now consists
of her sister, Mrs. Eliza Foltz, a daughter of the
latter, Mrs. Lafavour, and nephew, Will Lafavour.
The latter, a rising young artist, has made a trip
through Europe in pursuit of his studies and in
search of health. They are numbered among the
oldest and most influential families of the city and
occupies a spacious residence ou Broadway, sur-
rounded by ease and luxury. Mr. and Mrs. Dem-
mond were not blessed by children, but a niece,
Miss Catherine Murray, was a member of their
household from her youth until her marriage to
Col. Bartleson, ivho was killed during the late
Civil War. She afterwards became the wife of
Rush Casselberry, of Chicago. A portrait of the
late Mr. Demmond is presented in connection with
tins sketch.

^^EOI

^^^EORGE LIVERMORE VANCE. One of
the most elegant business blocks of Joliet
stands as a monument to the industry and
energy of Mr. Vance, who erected it in 1888, and
utilizes all of it for the sale of furniture and other
articles in that line. He is one of the leading busi-
ness men of the city, occupying a good position,
socially and financially. He is of stanch New
England stock, a Vermonter by birth, first opening
his eyes to the light in Caledonia County. Groton
Township, March 13, 1840. His immedi.ate pro-
genitors were Aaron and Lucinda (Tucker) Vance,
who were likewise natives of the Green Mountain
State. They traced their ancestry to England.

Aaron Vance, in addition to being engaged as a
boot and shoe dealer, also carried on farming. The
parental household included eight children, all of
whom are living and of whom the subject of this
notice wils the eldest born. David E. is a |)rac-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

307

ticing attorne}' of Winona, Minu.; William A. is
the postmaster at Houston, that State; Albert N.
is merchandising in Decorah, Iowa; Xicliolas W.
is a banker in Wolsey, 8. D.; Nancy A., Mrs. Dyeri
is the wife of a merchant in Houston, Minn. ; Abby.
Mrs. Calvin Vance, is a resident of Money Creek,
that State, and Aaron K. lives in .Toliet. The par-
ents celebrated the fiftieth anniversary' of their
wedding IMay .'!. 1888, at their home in Money
Creek, Minn. The occasion was one of general
rejoicing, and at which were convened a large
number of relatives and friends.

Mr. A'ance was reared to manhood in his native
State, acquiring a good education, and upon ap-
proaching manhood engaged in teaching district
schools four years. Later he went to Rutland and
was occupied in the boot and shoe business two
years. We next find him in the United States
Treasury department at AVashington, D. C, where
he held a clerkship from 1864 to 1870. During
this time lie devoted his leisure hours to the study of
law. and was graduated from the Columbia in the
law department, and was admitted to the bar by
the supreme court of the District of Columbia.

Deciding now upon seeking his fortunes in the
West, Mr. Vance emigrated to Minnesota and was
enoagrd in the mercantile business at Money Creek
until January 1, 1873. During that year he came
to .Toilet and established himself in the furniture
trade, which he has prosecuted successfully and
thereby accumulated a competency. Politically,
he is a pronounced Republican, and while in Min-
nesota served as Postmaster and Justice of the
Peace.

While sojourning at the national capital Mr.
Vance formed the acquaintance of Miss E. K. Fow-
ler, and the mutual attachment which followed
resulted in their marriage May 30, 18G8. Of this
union there were born two children: George A.,
teller of the Will County Bank, and Grace Fow-
ler, who is attending the High School at Winona.
Minn. Mrs. Nance was a native, of Virginia, and
departed this life at her home in Joliet, November
6, 1873. Mr. A'anee on the 19th of Jul}-, 1877,
contracted a second marriage with Miss Jennie,
daughter of AVilliam and Ke^.iah Lewis. This
lady was born March 18, 1813, in England, and

spent her early years in a comparatively unevent-
ful manner under the home roof, acquiring a good
education in the common schools. Of her union
with our subject there have been born two chil-
dren, one deceased, Beulah A. the survivor. So-
cially. Mr. Vance is identified with the Masonic
fr.aternlty, being a Knight Templar, is Prelate therein
and also belongs to the Royal Arcanum. For three
years he was President of the Young Men's Christ-
ian Association, and is now its Vice President. His
religious views coincide with the doctrines of the
Baptist Church. He Is President of the Will
County Sund.iy-school Association, and takes an
.active interest in the religious training of the
young. The various enterprises calculated for the
good of the community receive his cordial and
uniform support. He has been for some time con-
nected with the Will Count}- Bank, in which be
now holds the office of Vice-President.

LBERT L. GRANGER. There is proba-
bly not within the limits of Homer Town-
ship a more thorough or substantial farmer
than Rlr. Granger, who is successfully
operating two hundred and eighty acres of choice
land on section 32. He has good improvements,
including a substantial brick residence, which,
with Its appurtenances forms a very attractive and
inviting home. In addition to general agriculture
he makes a specialty of heavy draft horses and
highly-bred roadsters, and is conducting this de-
partment of his business in a manner which indi-
cates his thorough knowledge of it and his pride in
it. As a member of the community he is held in
high esteem.

Mr. Granger was born at his present home in
Homer Township, September 20, 1843, and there
spent his boyhood and youth in attending the dis-
trict school; later, Knox College at Galcsbnrg, 111.,
and the military academies at Fulton, 111., and Phil-
adelphia, Pa. He was married at St. Jolmsbury,
Vt., July 17, 1873, to Miss Georglana, daughter of
Hor.ace B. Jones, of Victory, Vt. Mrs. Granger
was born in .St. Johnsbury, December 10, 1848.

308

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Her parents were natives of Vermont, where the}'
still reside. Mr. and Mrs. Granger are the foster
parents of three children — Gertrude R., Lottie K.
and Albert L.

Mr. (Granger, politically, is an active Reimbli-
ean. and takes a deep interest in public aflfairs.
During- the late Civil War he enlisted in Feb-
ruary. 1863, in Company F, Eighth Illinois Cav-
alr\ . and in October following was promoted to a
First Lieutenancy in the Twenty-ninth United
States Colored Troops, serving in that cajjacity
until November, lSt;5. He went all through the
Api)on)attox Campaign, was present at the siege of
Petersburg, and also had the satisfaction of wit-
nessing the surrender of Lee.

The father of our sul)ject was Maj. Alanson
Granger, a native of Cortland Count}-. N. Y.. born
in the town of Preble. November 18, 1802. He was
there reared to manhood and was married atTrnx-
ton. that county, .hine 8, 182G, to Miss Mary
Perry. The latter was born in Truxton, Novem-
ber 25, 1801), and after marriage the young people
settled in Homer, N. V., where they remained until
1833. That j-ear lie emigrated to Illinois and
located a tract of land on section 32. in Homer
Township, this county, and had the honor of nam-
ing the township after his native place. He was
joined by his wife the following year, and they
continued to live on the same farm the remainder
of their lives. Mr. Granger departed hence Octo-
ber 7, 1874. The mother survived her husband
for nearly fifteen years, her death takijig place July
7, 1889. ]\Ir. Granger held the office of Township
Supervisor several terms, and was a man thoroughly
respected among his neighbors. The parental
household included eight children, three of whom
are living, named respectivel}': Helen M., wife of
Wesley D. Jones; Alvan P., of Denver, Colo.; and
the subject of this sketch.

1 1) WARD P. & HENRY S. LYON. The
Hedge Lawn Stock Farm is a noticeable
feature in the landscape of Washington
Township, and is well known to stockmen as a
place where Hereford cattle are m.ade a specialtj*.

The estate is located on section 31, and consists of
two hundred and forty acres of well-improved
land, supplied with excellent buildings, which mi-
clude everything necessary for the convenience
and comfort of the owners, and the housing of
the stock and crops which the}' raise. The subjects
of this sketch are !issociated in partnership, and
the two have been carrying on their affairs jointly
for more than fifteen years. The farm which they
operate was purchased by their father, Caleb Lyon,
in 1853. and was the family home until the death
of the father in August, 1881.

The Lyons come of an old New Jersey family of
Huguenot stock. In Elizabethtown. Caleb Lyon
was born in 1808, but was still a child when his
father, Caleb Lyon, Sr., removed to Schenectady
County, N. Y. The latter was a stage-coach and
carriage maker, and was a pioneer in his business.
He lived to be more than four-score years old. He
had married Martha Lyon, a distant relative, who
also died in the Empire State, at the age of fifty-
eight years. They belonged to the Presbyterian
Church, as did all of the old stock.

The father of our subject was reai'ed in the Em-
pire State, and under the tuition of his father
learned the tr.ade of a carriage .and stagecoach
maker. He married Miss Jeanette Mansfield, and
the}- continued to reside in the Empire State until
1850, in the fall of which they came West and lo-
cated in the city of Chicago. There the father
followed his trade for a time, finally putting his
family on the Will County farm, but himself con-
tinuing his employment in Chicago for some time
longer. He belonged to the Presbyterian Church,
and he and his wife were charter members of a
society in Will Township, this county, which they
assisted m organizing. They were the parents of
four sons and one daughter.

Leverett M., one of the members of the iiarontal
household, gave his life to his country, being
killed by a rebel gunshot at the battle of Chicka-
mauga, September 19, 1863. He had served for
some time as a member of Comjiany H, One Hun-
dredth Illinois Infantry, and held the rank of
Corporal at the time of his decease. His sui)erior
ollicers were Capt. Goildard and Col. Bartleson.
He w.as twenty-four years old when his life was

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

309

cut sliort by the civil contest. The living mem-
bers of the fainil\' are: William C, Edward P.,
Henry S. and Amelia A. William married ^Mar-
garot Buck, and lives in Coffey County, Kan.,
where he is engaged in farming; Henr}' S. mar-
ried Miss Margaret Crawford, of New York, and
has one child, Robert C; Amelia remains with
her mother and her brother, Edward P.

Mrs. Caleb Lyon, who still survives and is now
an active old lady eighty-one years of age, lives
with her son, Edward P. .She was horn in Seiio-
harie County, N. Y., June 14, 1809, being a
daughter of Levcrett and Sarah (Sanford) Mans-
field, who were natives of New Haven, Conn. In
the city of their birth ^Ir. and ^Irs. Mansfield
grew to maturity and were married, going at once
to Schoharie County, N. 1^, where Mr. Mansfield
took up the occupation of a merchant, hotel-keeper
anil farmer in the village of Esperanee. In later
life he and ills family- removed to Illinois, making
their home in Piinceville, Peoria County. There
he and his wife died within a few days of each
other, the one being eighty-one and the other sev-
enty-nine years of age. They had been members
of the Presbj'terian Church from carl}' life.

Edward P. Lyon, of this brief sketch, was born
in the Empire State, July 18, 1842, but has spent
the greater part of his life on the farm which he
now oiierates. He married Miss Lottie Rose, the
wedding ceremony being celebrated at Beecher,
October 18, 1879. Mrs. Lyon was reared in this
Stale, and was graduated from the institution at
Normal. For some years she was engaged in
teaching in the public schools of Chicago. She was
deeply- interested in educational and literary mat-
ters and in all that was elevating and refining. A
good mother and a loving wife, she was sincerely
mourned bj' her household and many friends when
she was removed by death, Ueccrnber 29, 1885, at
the age of thirty-six years. She was the mother of
ihree children— Mary M., Edward R. and Lever-
et t S.

Mr. L3'on has been for some time associated with
the Congregational Church, of which his wife was
also a member. He and all his brothers vote and
work for the cause of temperance. Mr. I^'on is
not an office-seeker, but is ever ready to look after

the interests of his party in local matters and is an
able worker in the ranks. He is respected as he
deserves for his general intelligence, his zeal in the
work to which he has devoted himself, and the
ui)rightness of his character.

~^^^

NDRUS A. INGER.SOLL. This name is
LJl prominent among those of the public-
spirited citizens of Homer Township, as
one who has alwaj's taken an active part
in the i)romotiou of its best interests. Judging
from his home surroundings he is more than or-
dinarily intelligent, industrious and enterprising,
iiavlng good buildings on his farm, and all the
other appliances for the successful prosecution of
agriculture. He has been a School Director in his
district for the long period of twenty-four years,
and most of the time for twenty-five years past has
officiated as Overseer of Highwa3S. He takes an
active part in jjolitical affairs, giving his uniform
support to the Republican party.

Mr. LigerooU is a native of this count}', and was
Ijorn in Plainfield Township, November 20, 1839.
In the spring of 1840, his parents removed to Ho-
mer Township, where the father secured a farm on
section 9, and svhere Andrus A. was reared toman's
estate. His education was obtained principally in
the common schools, while his habit of reading and
observation have conspired to make him a thor-
oughlj'-informed man, with progressive ideas, and
an acquaintance with most of the topics of the day
under general discussion. He chose farming for
his vocation, and with the exce[)tion of the time
spent in the army, has followed this his entire life.

During the second j'ear of the Civil War Mr.
Ingersoll enlisted in the Union service, August G,
18G2, in Company G, One Hundredth Illinois In-
fantry, and served until June 30, 180."), being mus-
tered out on that day. He remained with the
regiment until November G, 1862, when he was de-
tailed for detached service as an artificer, being
thus occupied until October 8, 18G4. He was then
transferred b\- General Order No. 108, of the War
Department, to the First United States Veteran

310

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Volunteer Engineer Corps, with which he served
until receiving his honorable (Hscharge. He was
mustered out at Nashville. Tenn., with the rank of
Urst Sergeant. Upon one occasion while gathering
timber in the swamps to be used at Ft. Neglc\-, he
was disabled by a shot from the enemy from
which, however, he soon recovered.

Ipon leaving the armj"^ Mr. IngersoU returned
to Homer Township and resumed farming. He
has one hundred and sixty-three acres of good land,
upon which he has erected substantial buildings,
and gathered around himself and his familj- all the
comforts of life. He was married March 28. 1866,
in Orland, Cook County, this State, to Miss Fannj'
M.. daughter of Ichabod and Ann K. (Reynolds)
Myriek. Mr. Myrick was a farmer by occupation
and died at Morgan I'ark, 111., .\ugust 17, 1872.
The mother is still living, making her home at
Morgan Park.

Mrs. IngersoU was the third in a family- of
eleven children and was born in Orland, 111., Sep-
tember 19, 1847. ller childhood and youth passed
quieth' and uneventfully under the home roof
where she remained until her marriage. Of this
union there have born four children, viz.: Anna
A., Walter .]., Florence and Percy. The two latter
died at the ages of twenty-two mouths and four
days respectively. Mr. IngersoU h.os served as
a Justice of the Peace for a period of fourteen
years, and was Township Clerk one year.

Alonzo A. IngersoU, the father of our subject,
was a native of Vermont, while his mother bore the
maiden name of Barbara Weaver, and was a native
of Syracuse. X Y. The latter came with her par-
ents to this count}- in 1833. Her father was Benja-
min Weaver, and the maiden name of her mother
was Phebe Paddock. Upon coming to Illinois
they settled in Homer Township, where thej- spent
the remainder of their daj-s. The paternal grand-
parents of our subject were Chester and Lucretia
(Burdick) IngersoU. the former of whom was a
Colonel in the Sauk War. He came to this county
in 182H. Subsequently- he was married in Chicago.
in 1834, and kept the first hotel in that city, which
was familiarly known as the Green Tree House.
Mr. Ingersoll's parents were married in what is
now the town of Homer, but which was then called

the "Yankee Settlement." October 8, 1838. The
father secured land on section 9. Homer Township.
and on the farm which he built up he and his es-
timable wife spent the remainder of their days.
Mr, IngersoU met his death by being struck by
lightning, March 19. 1847, The mother died at
the old homestead C)clober 5, 18C1. There were
born to them three children only — Andrus A.,
Anna A. and Phebe P. The two sisters of Mr.
IngersoU are deceased.

'-^^^:^;^^^^it^

-«-<-v

^^OTLIEB .SEGGEBRUCH. One of the
■|l ~- largest farms in Crete Township is onned
^^^A 1)3" the geutle'man above named, comprising
four hundred and ten acres, and occupying a portion
of sections 30 and 31, A portion of it is now op-
erated by the sons of our subject, who, after manv
3'ears of thrifty and laborious life is content to
allow his offspring to relieve him of some of the
burdens which he has borne. He is the onl}- repre-
sentative in America of the parental family which
comprised eight children, and is a worthy descend-
ant of (iermau parents who lived to a ripe old age
and died heartilj^ respected by those who knew
them. They were farmers in the Kingdom of Lippe
Schambourg. where the eyes of their sou, Gotlieb,
opened to tlie light April 19, 1815. He was reared
to farm life and became a farm laborer in his ovvu
land, where he remained until some years after he
had set up his own household.

The wife whom Mr. Seggebruch chose in his
early manhood was Louisa Siegmann, a u.ative of
Hesse-Cassel, who w.as reared to womanhood in her
native State After the birth of live children the
farail}', in the fall of 1854. left Bremerhaven for
America, landing in New York after a vojage of
six weeks. Thence the\- journeyed to Detroit.
Mich., on a boat, and thence to Chicago, two d.ays
later coming to Will County and purchasing eighth-
acres of land. Here Mr. and ^Irs. Seggebruch
have grown old upon t.ie land where they flrst set-
tled. The acreage h.as been increased and the
w-liole placed in a fine condition of improvement
and tillage, and well stocked with domestic animals

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

311

md adequate machinery, while the dwelling has
3een supplied with conveniences and the household
iflfairs conducted in tlie thrifty- manner which is
3arly taught to the daugliters of Germany.

The happ3' union of our suhject and his com-
panion has been blessed by the birth of five sons
md four daughters. One son, Henrj-. died when
seven years old; Caroline is the wife of Henrj-
Jldreg, a farmer in Pottawatomie County, Kan. :
William married Eliza Brymeier. and operates a
farm iu Ashgrovc Township, Iroquois Count}';
A.ugust C, who lives on a farm in Monee Township,
:his county, married Sophie Miller, who died leav-
ing three children, after which he married Anna
Ivaurtz; Amelia is the wife of ilenry Arkenberg,
1 farmer in Crete; John .assists his father iu work-
ing the homestead and resides with his parents ;
?ophia is the wife of Cliarles Waggoner, who has a
jrocer}' store on .South Butierfield .Street, Chicago;
Louisa is the wife of Fred Miller, a farmer in Pot-
:a\vatomie County, Kan.; Fred W. is still at home
md assisting in carrying on the estate. Mr. Segge-
bruch and his sons all belong to the Republican
[)arty. The sturdy qualities of industrious, upright
iuanhood and womanhood lielong to our subject
xn<l his good wife, and they are not only honored
iiy their progeny but respected by neighbors and
icquaintaiices.

ENRY LAXGREDER. This gentleman
ranks among the enterprising farmers of
Washington Township, owning a pleasant
and well-improved farm of one luindre<l
lud twenty acres on section '.M. It has been thirty
j'ears since he olitained a tract of unbroken prairie
from the railroad company, and during this intei'im
lie has made of it a fruitful expanse where fields of
waving grain take the place of the wild grasses
which formerly covered it. The buildings are well
constructed and suHicientl}' numerous and commo-
dious to answer the purpose for which they were
designed, and everything about the estate bears tlie
appearance of order whicli those acquainted^ with
Mr. and Mrs. Langreder would expect.

The parents of our subject were Detrick and
Grace (Avers) Langreder, both of whom were born
in Hanover, German}', and the latter of whom died
there. In October, 1848, the father, accompanied
by his three children, set out for the United States,
leaving Bremen on a sailing vessel which made a
lauding at New Orleans, La., after a tedious voyage
of nine weeks and five days. The father and son
worked about four months in the Southern metrop-
olis to earn money with which to continue their
journey, and finally the family reached Chicago, 111.
Two days after their arrival the father died, when
somewhat past his three-score years of age. He and
his wife belonged to the Lutheran Church and man-
ifested in their daily walk and conversation tlie
virtues which belong to the Clirislian religion.

The gentleman whose name introduces this sketch
w.as born in Hanover, Germany, July 24, 1828, and
is the youngest member of the parental family. He
was eleven years old when he lost his mother and
about twenty when he bade good-by to his native
laud. His education was obtained in the Fatlier-
land under the excellent. school laws which provide
all German children with a fair share of school
privileges. Besides himself, the only survivor of
the parental household is a sister who is married
and living in Minnesota.

After the death of his father the young man
went to California, where he spent some years in
the mining regions with the varying success which
usually attends such experiences. On returning to
the States he resided in Cook County, 111., three
years and then, in 1860, became a resident of Will
County. He was first married in Cook Count}- to
Miss Louisa Riesperkart, who w.as born in Germany
and came to the United Stales when eighteen years
old. She died at her home in Will County when
yet in middle life leaving a large family to whom
she had been a devoted mother. All her oflfsiiring
are yet living and all are now married but two
sons: William; Henry, married and lives in Beecher;
Fred, married and lives in Beecher; Edward.
Adolph, Louisa and Emma.

Mr. Langreder contracted a second matrimonial
alliance, celebrating his marriage to iMrs. Louisa
Swarica in Washington Township. This worthy
l.ady was born in Hanover, Germany, and came to

312

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

America alone, foUowinsj her parents to this coun-
try. She is the mother of six childrtii by her
present union anil two by a former marriage, viz.:
Bertie, Mary, Lillie, Anna, Carrie and Detrick.

^1 OHN C. BROADIE, a son of one of the
early pioneers of Kew Lenox Township, wa*
born at the homestead which he now owns
/ and occupies, September 12, 18(i8. He is
a young man of fine talents and stands well in the
community, being possessed of the traits of char-
acter which seldom fail to enable a man to become
prosjiorous in business and possessed of the esteem
and confidence of his fellow-citizei s.

Tlie fatlier of our subject was the well-known
Robert J. Broadie, a native of Franklin Countj-,
Ohio, anil born near Columbus, February 5, IS'iil.
The mother bore the maiden name of Ann Cooper,
and she was born in Brown Count}-, Ohio,
February 28, 1832. The latter was brought by
her parents to New Lenox Township when a child
three years of age. After their mariiage Mr. and
Mrs. Broadie settled ou section 28, New Lenox
Township, where the fatlier |)rosecuted farming
successfully, and died December 21, 1873. The
mother survived her husband for nearly twelve
j'ears, also dj-ing at the old homestead. June 7,
1885. Their family consisted of five children, the
eldest of whom, a daughter, L3(lia .J., died young;
Anna li. also died in early childhood; Esther Ann
became the wife of Dr. G. E. Brinkerhoflf, and
died in New Lenox Township, November 11,
1885; John C. the subject of this notice was the
next in order of birtli; Sarah A, became the sec-
ond wife of Dr. Brinkerlioff, and they are living
in Oakland, Cal.

The subject of this sketch has spent his entire
life .at the homestead which he now owns and oc-
cupies, and whii-li embraces three hundred and
lift}' .acres of as fine fanning land as is to be found
in Will County. Upon it is a set of neat and sub-
stantial frame buildings, with cpiantities of fruit
and shade trees, while the fiehls are enclosed and
divided with good fencing, and in fact Mr. Broadie

has all the facilities for carrying on agriculture
after the most approved methods. He brought a
bride to the old roof-tree in 1889, lieing married
Sei)teraber 18, that 3'ear, to Miss ]Mary, daughter
of Addison and Pamelia (Lynk) Collins.

Mrs. Broadie was the fifth child of her parents,
and was born in Homer Township, tills count}',
September 18, 1869. Her father, Addison Collins,
was born in Rochester, N. Y., and the mother was
born in the .same State, near the city of Syracuse.
They were reared and married in this State, whence
they came to Illinois at an earl}' day, each with
their parents, and have since been residents of
New Lenox Township. Their family consisted of
seven children, three sons and four daughters, five
of whom are living.

Mr. Broadie was reared by his excellent mother
ill the doctrines of the Methodist Episcopal
Church, of which he is now a faitliful and consist-
ent member, and gives to his church s. liberal sup-
port. He is a young tnau of excellent education,
having completed his studies in Bryant it .Strat-
ton's Business College, at Chicago, from which he
was graduated March 1, 1888. Ho and his j'oung
wife have begun the journey of life together un-
der tiie most favorable auspices and with the kind-
est wishes of hosts of friends. A handsome litlio-
graphic view of Mr. Bro.'idie's residence is shown
on another page of this w'ork.

BRENTICE G. STORHS, who is actively
; engaged in general farming and stock-rais-
ing, pajing much attention to breeding
I \ horses, stands among t lie most clear sighted,
practical and business-like men of his calling in
Will County. His farm in Troy, lying along the
DuPage River, which flows through the eastern part
of it, thus affording a never-failing supply of
water for his stock, shows every evidence of careful
cultivation and coristaut improvement.

A native of New York, our subject was born
near Plattsburg, Clinton County, November 22,
IS.'il. He remained a resident of the place of his
birth till 18G0, when he started out anew in life,

S ^^ ga irii SK ^fl^wtP

Res. AND Farm Property OF John C.Broadie:,Sec.28.New Lenox Tp. Will Co. 111.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

315

coming to this State to carry on his calling on this
fertile soil. He livetl for several years on a farm
ill (iiiiiuly County, and then bought a farm in
Manhatlai). on which he resided until his wife's
death, when he returned to the East for a wiiile.
He subsequently sold his place in Manhattan and
purchased his present farm in 1882. Here ho has
one hundred and sixty acres of valuable land, all
under good cultivation, and finely situated five
miles west of Joliet. He is managing his affairs
with excellent suecess, doing a general farming
business and paying considerable attention to breed-
ing horses, of which he has about thirty of good
grade on his place.

Mr. Storrs has been twice married. He was first
wedded to Mrs. Caroline Ingram, daughter of Wash-
burn .Storrs, and widow of Mr. Ingram, of Platts-
burg. Their married life was not of very long
duration, her death occuning in 1857. Slie left
two children, Franklin an<l Harriet. The former
resides at home with his father, and the latter is the
wife of Henry Willis, a milkman of Chicago. The
m:dden name of fhe [jresent wife of onr sul)ject was
Clara Comstock, to whom he was united in Platts-
burg, N. Y., she being a daughter of Ezekiel Com-
stock, of Beekmantown, near Plattsburg. Tvvo
children have been born of this union, Kayniond,
and a child who died in infancy.

Mr. Storrs is a fair dealing, straightforward man,
possessing the confidence and esteem of all about
him, and his energy, persistence and shrevvdness
have placed him in the possession of a comfortable
propert}^ In his politics he sides with the Re[)ub-
lican party. Mrs. Storrs is a devoted member of
the Methodist Episcopal Church.

/^*\ HAUJ^h^5 h. bli,A\ EK, successor
[|[ _ of Monroe & Seaver, wholesale
"^^y flour, fruits, produce, cigars an(

HARLES S. SEAX'ER, successor to the firm

e dealers in
produce, cigars and tobacco,
occupies a prominent business place on La Fayette
Street, where he has been established since October
4, 1884. At that date the firm was organized being
a continuation of the business of G. Monroe & Son,
wholesale grocers. Mr. Seaver then purchased

with George H. Monroe, an interest in the business
with which he remained connected until September,
1888, and then became sf)le proiirietor. The build-
ing is a fine brick and stone structure, comprising
an office and warerooms, a large store and basement.
It is located opposite the Rock Island depot, which
was built in 1887, and they do a business approach-
ing ^500,000 annually. In addition to his city
emitloyes, three salesmen represent his interests on
the road. Mr. Seaver is an enterprising, go-ahea<l
man and forms no unimportant f.actor among the
business interests of .Joliet.

A native of Orleans County, \'t., the subject of
this notice was born August 17, IS.O'i, and is the
son of Samuel Stillman Seaver, likewise a native of
the tireen Mountain State. The latter grew to
manhood in his native county and was married to
Miss Martha Wright. He was born in 1808, fol-
lowed farming and merchandising, and spent his
entire life ui)on his native soil, dying in September,
1870, at the age of sixty-two j'ears. The circum-
stances of his death were very distressing he having
been run over by a train of cars, death ensuing in
a short time. He was one of the oldest members
of the Masonic fraternity in the State and under
their solemn ceremonials his remains were consigned
to their last rest. The mother being ill at the time,
survived the shock only four weeks. In addition
to farming, Mr. Seaver dealt (juite extensively in
live stock, mostly cflttle and horses.

To the parents of our subject there was born a
family of five children, viz.: Clarendon S., and
Charles S., residents of Joliet; Henry Q., in Geneva,
Neb.; William W., Walnut Grove, Minn.; and Mat-
tie E., in IMilwankee, Wis.

Charles S., our subject, acquired a good practical
education in the schools of his native county and
engaged in the mercantile business until coming to
Joliet in 1881. In this city he first purchased the
retail grocery business of G. Monroe & Son, which
was located in the Opera House Building and con-
ducting this until purchasing that which be now
owns.

Mr. Seaver was married in September, 1872, to
Miss Ella A. Parker, of Orleans County, Vt., and
they are the parents of one child, a daughter,
Maude E. Mrs. Seaver was born November 27,

516

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

1851, in Vermont, and is the daughter of John C.
Parker, an old resident of Vermont. Clarendon S.
came to .loliet in ISSl, and lias made this city his
headquarters since that time.

^^UGUSTUS C. VAN IIORNE. The me-
@kjI I chanical and commercial interests of Joliet
would be poorly represented in this vol-
ume, were no mention made of the railroad
business and tlie men who liave it in their control.
Aside from this reason for publishing the biog-
raphj' of the gentleman above-named, it is a pleas-
ure to record the success of the worth}- sou of a
learned and honored father.

The late Cornelius C. Van Home was a pioneer
of Will County, to which he came in 1833, and in
which his name is perjjetuated by Van Home's
Point. He gained an extended reputation as a
teacher,being probably the first in the county ; he was
an early Postmaster and when, in 1852, he moved
into Joliet he was at once chosen Mayor, being the
first to occupy tliat position. He was a man of
fine mental attainments, a lawyer and counselor of
ability, and his character won him the regard of
his associates. In 1840 lie married Miss Mary M.
Richards, and they became the parents of three
sons and two daughters. One of these, William C,
is now President of the Canadian Pacific Railroad,
with headquarters at Montreal, Canada.

The subject of this notice was born in this
county, in September, 1844, his birthplace being
the town of Frankfort. He attended the public
schools, and being an apt pupil, advanced rapidly
in his studies and soon acquired a good education.
In the year 18C1 he entered the employ of the
Michigan Central Railroad, remaining in that ser-
vice until September?, I8G4,when he became an em-
ploye of the Chicago & Alton road. Two years
later he changed to the Kansas City and Northern,
after which for a brief time he worked for the Chi-
cago, Milwaukee & .St. Paul. Again he entered the
service of the Chicago & Alton road, and has
labored for it continuously since. From 1871 to

1 882 he was an engineer, but at that date he was
put in charge of the roundhouse, and has erticiently
su|)erintended it since.

An important step in the life of Mr. Van Home
was taken in 1875, when he was united in mar-
riage witli Miss Emma A. Hull, of New Lenox,
the dauglitcr of an old family in Plainticld. She
is u lady jjossessing many estimable qualities and
a consistent member of the Ricliards Street Meth-
odist Episcopal Church. She presides ably over
the elegant home that was erected by Mr. ^'an
llorne in 1885. Mr. Van Home belongs to the
Blue Lodge, Chapter and Coinraandery of the
Masonic fraternity. He stands well in the opinion
of his fellow-men, both employers, employed and
general acquaintances.

oal4^_

^7B«c-

^N H. p. WARTHEN. A favorably located
I jj) and well-tilled farm of two hundred and
^^f' thirty- eight acres in Lockport Township, is
owned and occupied by this gentleman, who finds
enjoyment in his chosen calling and the pleasant
surroundings of his home. Every detail of the
farm work is under efficient oversight, and tilling
the soil has proved a remunerative vocation.

In Licking County, Ohio, in the year 1828, a
child was born, whose simple record is contained
in these brief paragraphs. His early j'ears were
spent in attendance at the common schools, and in
such home duties as generally fall to the lot of
growing lads in town. He is of Revolutionary
parentage, being a son of Alvin Warthen, a native
of Virginia, who died in 1830. The widowed
mother survived until 1888, reaching the advanced
age of niuet3'-two years. She was a hotel keeper
for sixty-seven years.

Our subject came to Illinois in 1853 and |)ur-
chased a farm near Plainfield, which he afterward
sold, buying his present estate November 6. In
1851 he became the husband of Miss Charlotte
Kendall, who, like himself, is a native of the Buck-
eye State, and who possesses many of the qualities
belonging to honored womanhood. To the happy
couple have been born eleven children, nine of

PORTRAIT BIOGRAPHICAL AND ALBUM.

317

whom are living; and six yet under the parental
roof. Mr. WarUien is a Peinocrat of tlie old
school. He is a reliable citizen and an upright
man, especially charitable, and the doer of man}'
kindly deeds known only to their object.

-» *> .t>fo.-^JA><A|^. .0*0.. -tf—

^ l»ILLIAM STEDT-. The sterling traits that
\rJ\i make the better class of the Germans de-
W^J sirable citizens are exhibited in the life
and laljors of this gentleman. He is engaged in
general farming and stock-raising on section 26,
Washington Township, where he owns eigiitj' acres
of fertile land. Tiie estate is well-improved and
l)ears good buildings, all erected by the owner and
including every needful and convenient structure.
Snccess is crowning his efforts and a competence
waits upon his labors.

In the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg, Germany,
Ihe eyes of our subject first opened to the light
in the year 1840. His parents. Joseph and Reirca
(Sass) Stedt, had licen born in the same duchy,
and therein grew to maturity and united their
fortunes. The husband and fatiier was a sheep-
herder. In 1856 the parents, with live children,
sailed fiom Hamlnirg, believing that in the New
World they could liud larger opportunities than in
their native land, for themselves and offspring.
After an ocean voyage of six weeks they arrived
in New York, whence they came direct to Illinois,
settling in Du Page County. They began their
life in the new home on rented land, determined
to succeed in their intention to become land-
(jvvner.s and people of comfortable flnances. The
father died in tliat county when sixty-six years of
age; the widowed mother is yet living, her pres-
ent home being near West l^nion, Iowa. Slie is
now seventy -seven years old. She has been all her
life a member of the Ij.itheran Church, as was her
respected husband. She is the mother of three sons
and three daughters, all but one of whom, a daugh-
ter, lived to come to America.

The subject of this sketch was about sixteen
years old when the family came to the United
States. His education was therefore obtained

principally in the land of his birth. He became of
age in Du Page County, and was there married to
Miss Anna R. Bold, to whose housewifely skill and
domestic virtues he owes the joys and comforts of
his home. Three years after their marriage the
young couple came to Will County and began
their life here on an almost raw prairie, which
now stands as a monument to the enterin'iso that
has made it into a fine farm.

Mrs. Stedt was born in Mecklenburg, Germany,
November IS, l,S4;i. and came to America with her
parents when thirteen years old. The family first
settled in Du Page County, afterward removing to
Will County, where the father, H. Bold, died in
1885, when seventy-six years old. lie was a mem-
ber of the Lutheran Church, to which his good
wife also belonged. She survived until the spring
of 1889, breathing her last when eighty- two years
old. Her maiden name was Mary Burling.

The union of jMr. and Mrs. Stedt has been
blessed hy the birth of five children, named re-
si)ectively: William, Henry, Charles, Herman and
Mary. The parents are members of the Lutheran
Church. i\lr. Stedt is a thorough Republican.
Their upright and industrious lives, their kindli-
.ness toward their neighbors and all in need, and
their desire to aid in the true develo|)ment of the
country, gain for them the hearty respect of all to
whom the}- are known.

:^ =v=r >

J'~ OHN THEILER. A stroll through the princi-
pal business streets of Joliet will reveal the
fact that that city contains many men whose
enterprise and ability is manifest at a glancei
and who, one is not sur|)rised to learn, have a high
standing in business circles. One of the establish-
ments which gives such indications is that of
John Theiler & Son, dealers iu groceries, |)rovisions,
dour and feed, liquors, wines, etc., and occupying
Nos. 108, 110 and 112 South Bluff Street. The
senior member of the firm is also the owner of
Theiler's Hall, which occupies the upper floor of
the building in which his business is carried on.
The birth of the subject of this sketch took

318

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

place in Switzeilsiiul, December >j, 1829. He ac-
companied his parents to the United States in
1847, their first home liciiig in Chicago, whence
tliey came to Joiiet in 1850. Our subject first em-
barked in life as a farmer, hut in 1858 came
into the cit}' to begin the business in which he is
•yet engaged. He opened upon a small scale, en-
larging the establishment as trade increased, and
in 1873 building the edifice he now occupies,
afterward adding to both hall and store. He is
agent for the celebrated bottled beer of the An-
heuser Busch Brewing Association, at St. Louis.

In Miss Elizabeth Fender, of .Toliet, Mr. Theiler
found the qualities which he considered desirable
in a companion, and after a successful wooing she
became his wife May 9, 1853. She presides judici-
0USI3' and pleasingl}' over tiie home, and has care-
fully reared the children whom she has borne. Five
sons and daughters comprise the household band.
The first-born, Mary, is now the wife of John
Scheit, of this city; John is the junior member of
tlie firni; the other members of the circle are
Lizzie, Louisa and Joseph.

]SIr. Theiler in former \ears served t^vo terms
as Alderman, and is highly spoken of in the Fifth
Ward. He and his family belong to St. Joliu's,
Catholic Church. His honesty and square dealing
in all transactions with his fellow-men, his kindli-
ness in domestic life, and his social characteristics,
gain for him the respect of his acquaintances and
an excellent reputation in business circles.

OYAL E. BARBER. Among the veteran
lawyers of Joiiet Mr. Barber stands a promi-
nent figure, and has made for himself a fine
\^ record during an uninterrupted practice of
nearlj- fortj'-five 'years. He possesses in a marked
degree the talents and application requisite to suc-
cess, and numbers among his clientage a large por-
tion of the solid residents of this county. During
his long career in the profession he has disposed of
a large number of intricate cases, and there are few
points in common law which he is not able to han-
dle in an adroit and skillful manner. He is of

stanch New England anuesLry,a native Vermonter,
and was born in Benson, that State, August 3,
1822.

John and Emma (Perry) Barber, the immediate
progenitors of the subject of this notice, were na-
tives of Connecticut, and descended from Puritan
stock, their ancestors being among the earlj- Col-
onists. The mother was a cousin of Commodore
Perry, who dnstinguished himself in the battle of
Lake Erie. John Barber was a life-long farmer,
and the parental household included seven children,
who reached mature years, and three who died in
infancy or earl}- childhood.

Roj-al, our subject, was the second liorn. In
1831, when he was a lad of nine \ears. a party of
John Barber's neighbors came to the West on a
prospecting tour, and sent back such glowing ac-
counts of this section of country thai Mr. Barber
was led to join them the following year. In the
autumn of that year the jiarty chartered a canal
boat at Whitehall. N. Y.. and u week later reached
]5ufifalo, where they took jiassage on the steamer
'■llenrv Clay" for Detroit. There they boarded
the schooner '-Austcrlitz," which in one week
reached Chicago or near there, anchoring, however,
outside of the bar about three miles from shore.
The party and the schooner's cargo were thence all
transported to the shore in the yawl boats. The
steamer which convei^ed Gen. Scott's troops to
Chicago, in 1832, is said to have been the first
craft of its kind which had struck that port.

Landing near Ft. Dearborn the party encount-
ered various thrilling incidents. When attempting
to cross tbe sand bar the yawl grounded, and the
sailors jumping out got it off quickly' and then
jumjied in again in readiness for the next wave.
The •' Austerlitz" was bound for St. .Iose|)h. La-
ter the yawl boat was stranded upon the bar at the
mouth of that stream, overturned and the Captain
and most of his crew were drowned.

At the time John Barber landed in Chicago, the
only buildings were a few log houses and Ft.
Dearborn was enclosed with a log stockade. There
was one frame building which had been erected
that summer by J. H. Kinzie, with lumber which
he had hauled from a sawmill at Plainfield. this
county. The original plat of the village of Chi-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGKAl'IIICAL ALBUM.

319

cago, lying between what is now State and Canal
Streets, Madison and Kinzic, wns laid out tliat sum-
mer. The agent besought John Barber to buy a
town lot, and took him out to what lie said vv.is
Lake Street, and showed him a lot eightj' feet
front, nnd two hundred feet deep, vvhicli he offered
for |.jO. Mr. Barber stepped on to a bog, shook
himself, and the earth trembled all around him.
lie therefore replied that he was "not going to sink
an}' ¥.50 in that mud hole."

.John Barber now hired a team of horses and a
double wagon, and gathering together his family
and some goods, forded the south branch of the
Chicago River, and struck off across the prairie for
Xaiierville, where some of his acquaintances had
settled, lie made his selection of a farm at what
later was named Barber's Corners, tliis county,
and in February, 18;?3, moved his family into a log
house, where the children were reared, and where
he and his wife both died. Mrs Barber departed
this life ^'ay 1, 1874. Mr. Barber passed awa}- in
the winter of 1877. Soon after coming to this
county he contracted rheumatism, which rendered
him an invalid many years. This was the result of
ex|)osnre during the cold winters, when engaged in
getting out rails for his fences.

T!ie subject of this notice remained on the farm
until he found that the labor of harvesting, which
was then all done by hand, made him ill every
year. So, deciding to abandon farm life, in 1845,
he came to Joliet, and became the Deput}' Clerk of
several courts, discharging the duties of these in
connection with the study of law, until his election
in 1852, as Clerk of the Circuit Court and ex-ofli-
cio Recorder. At tlie completion of his term he
compiled the first set of abstracts of records, and
then entered upon the regular practice of law,
which he has since pursued. With the assistance
of clerks he managed the abstract department until
selling out to his son, January 1, 1889. In 1876-
77 he was Mayor of Joliet, and as School Inspector
he performed much labor in behalf of education,
holding this olfice nine years. In 1887-88 he
erected the Barber Building, one of the most ele-
gant structures in the city of Joliet.

Mr. Barber was first married, April 24, 1849, to
Miss Elizabeth Ellen Crowlej-. This lady died of

cholera in 1 850. Mr. Barber contracted a second
marriage, Noveml)er 7, 1854, with Miss Frances
Cornelia House. Of this union there were born
five children, on'; of whom died at the age of three
years. There are now living two sons and two
daughters. The eldest daughter. Miss Alice Still-
man BarbiT, is engaged in a mission seminary at
Beirut, Syria, whither she went in the fall of 1885,
Before she had acquired command of the Arabic
tongue she was loft in charge of the institution for
two years. Ed ward M., the eldest son, is now in the
State of New York; AVilliam C. is engaged in the
abstract business in Joliet; the younger daughter,
Emma F., is the only child remaining under the pa-
rental roof.

'ilJACOB J. HARTONG is carrying on .agri-
culture very advantageously in Plainfield
Townshii), where he owns a farm, which for
fertility and productiveness is classed among
the best in this locality. His skill and experience
in practical farming have proved of inestimable
value to him since coming to this count}-, and he has
done exceptionally well since purchasing his pres-
ent farm, and is one of our substantial moneyed
men.

Our subject was Ijorn in (Jreen Township, Stark
County, Ohio, August 25, 1830, his father being
an early pioneer of that section of the country.
Jacob Hartong was a native of Pennsylvania, his
father, grandfather of our subject, also having been
born in that State, of German parentage. He was
a farmer and spent his entire life there. The
father of our subject was left an orphan when
quite young, and was reared by his elder brother,
Philip. He was bred to farming pursuits, and also
learned the tr.ade of a weaver. He was married in
the Keystone Slate to Elizabeth Drich, a native of
that State. After the birth of five of their children
they removed to the wilds of Ohio to build up a
new home in that part of Stark County, now in-
cluded in Summit County. Jlr. Ilartong bought a
tract of land in the primeval forests of that region,
and built a log cabin which afterward became the
birthplace of our subject. There were but few

320

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

settlenieiils in that part of the State. Indians still
lingered around tliini- old haunts, and tlie wolf and
tlie deer, besides othei' kinds of wild game, often
ran hv tlio door of their pioneer home. They lived
in the most primitive manner, the mother eooking
their food beftire the fire in the rude fireplace, and
ninkina' tlie eloth for their clothes, spinning the
flax and wool with her own hands. In the years
that followed hard labor was Mr. Hartong's lot,
liiit he thereby improved a desirable farm,
which ho made his home until he closed liis eyes
in death. His wife too passed away to the life
beyond from the old homestead. They- reared a
lar<''e family of children, seven sons and five daugh-
ters, to good and useful lives.

The subject of w^hom we write was the eighth
child in order of birth, and was reared and edu-
cated in his native town. He resided with his par-
ents until his twenty-first year, and then married
and cstal)lished a home of his own, and for four
years managed his father's property. During that
time he bought a farm in Jackson Township, Stark
County, and operated it for two years, when he
sold it and then lived on his fatlu r's farm until
1861. He then left Ohio, to take up his abode in
this State, as he was much impressed with the many
advantages offered to young men of enterprise and
abilitv, to pursue farming with financial success in
llie rich farming country of Will County. After
coming here he bought a f.arm on section 1,5,
Plainfleld Township, where he resided until 1868.
ScUinc that place, his next jnirchase was in Man-
hattan Township, where he dwelt the succeeding
thirteen years. Disposing; of that place at a good
protit, lie bought the farm he now owns and occu:
|)ies, which comprises one hundred and forty-four ^
acres of land under excellent tillage, and supplied
with a substantial set of buildings and all needed
j,i,|iiovements. In 1890 he bought a desirable
residence in the village, to which he intends to
remove in the spring of 1891.

Im 18.50, Jacob Hartong and Jlary Beard were
united in matrimony. She was a native of Summit
County. Ohio, and a daughter of Henry and Eliza-
beth Beard, natives of Virginia, and early settlers
of Summit County. After a pleasant wedded life
of ten years, death deprived him of her compan-

ionshijj, and their four children — Mary E., Martha
A. and two since deceased — of a good mother. Mr.
Hartong was married to his present estimable wife
in 1861. and by their marriage they have four
children now living — William H., Elias G., Charles
V. and Martin F. Mrs. Hartong's maiden name
w.as Magdalina Gardner, and she was born in Wit-
tenburg, Germany, daughter of JIartin and Hen-
rietta Dewey Gardner, also natives of Germany.
Mrs. Hartong came to America with her parents
when she was five years old. They located in
Cleveland, and later came to Illinois, in April,
1862, and settled in Lockport Township, where
Mr. Gardner bought a farm. They resided there
some years, and then removed to Joliet, where the
father died, the mother dying in Lockport Town-
ship.

Mr. Hartong's life has been guided by 'principles
of honor and integrity, and he is a man of un-
spotted character. He is well dowered with firm-
ness and stability, which attributes, together with
forethought and persistent labor, have been in-
strumental in bringing about his present prosper-
ous circumstances. He and his wife are members
of the Evangelical Assocation. They are not of
those who "hide their light under a bushel," and
in the selfish striving for gain forget their duty to
others, but they are ever kind and thoughtful in
their relations with all about them, and no one is
readier to extend sympathy or help to those in
distress than they, Mr. Hartong interests himself
in the political situation of the day, .and sides with
the Republican party.

^ WILLIAM A. STRONG. One would not
XjitJff ''^"^ '" Joliet long, without becoming nc-
. W^ quainted with the part that has been played
by Mr. Strong in the progiess of this thriving
municipality. As an able member of a prominent
business firm, as the improver of city real estate, as-
a ineinber of coriwrations and as a public ollicial he
has deserved and won the esteem of his fellow-men
for his uprightnrss. ability and success. Xo greater
proof could be given of the confidtnce reposed in

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

321

him than is shown in the number of estates that
have been left in his hands for settlement. Among
these were the Bissell, the Moore, the Curry and
the Steel, while others are still held in trust by
him.

The p.arents of our subject were .1. C. Strong, a
native of Northampton, Mass., and A. C. Wood-
worth, a native of New York State. In the latter
State he w,as born in 1828, his birthplace being the
town of Waterloo. He attended the public schools,
obtaining a good education, and learned in his
uncle, W. A. Strong's store, the habits and methods
of successful business men. In the hardware trade,
to which he had grown up, he was engaged in his
native place from 1845 to 1850, when his uncle
sold out and came to Illinois. He became a part-
ner with his uncle, W. A. Strong, in Joliet, the
firm name being W. A. Strong & Co. until 1855,
when a new co-partnership was formed with Messrs.
Brooks and Barrett, and the style became Strong
& Co. The business was continued under different
firm names, but always as ii prosperous institution
until 18G5.

Mr. Strong, of this notice, then retired to become
President of the Joliet Gas Company, in which
position he still continues, and through his good
judgment the success of the corporation was as-
sured.

Mr. Strong had faith in the growth of the city
to which he had come, and purchased one hundred
and twenty-five acres of land, which he laid out as
a subdivision. It is one of the most beautiful parts
of the cit}', and a residence in Glenwood is con-
sidered verj- desirable. The executive and busi-
ness qualities of Mr. Strong were called into requi-
sition by his fellow-citizens, who elected him to
tiie M.ajoralty and to the City Council, in botii of
ivhich positions he made a good record. He is
now a Director in the National Bank, and he was
for a few years engaged in the quarry business.

In 1855, at the bride's Lome in Rochester, N. Y.,
Mr. Strong was united in marriage with Miss Char-
"lotte A., daughter of Judge I'.uell, one of the build-
ers of the Erie Canal. Mrs. Strong is universally
praised by those who knew her. She was strong
in her convictions and steadfast in lier purposes,
j'et possessed rare modesty and sweetness of dispo-

sition, was charitable without displa}% and withal,
a devoted Christian. This peerless woman died in
Thoraasville, Ga., March 20, 1889. She had borne
her husband four children.

One daughter, Mrs. Budlong, died in January,
1885, leaving a child, Alice, whose home is with
Gr.andpa Strong. Two sons are in business and
one daughter at home. The Episcopal Church
contains a si)lcndid memorial to the deceased daugh-
ter. To that ehurcb Mr. Strong belongs, and of it
his wife was a member. In a handsome and spa-
cious dwelling overlooking the cit}', he of whom we
write is spending his time in deserved ease, atllu-
ence and honor.

wJ «

■^wjOHN M. SWIGGART. A large portion of
the business interests of Joliet is in the
bands of its young and enterprising men,
among whom Mr. Swiggart occupies a posi-
tion in the front rank. He commenced compara-
tively without means, dependent upon his own
resources, and about 1884 embarked in the grocery
trade, locating at the northeastern corner of Easton
Avenue and Cass Street. He has been in business
at this point about six j-ears and occupies a fine
large double store in the Union Block, with two
street fronts, and in which he has a fine and well-
selected stock of staple and fancy goods. He owns
a one-third interest in this block. He gives his
close attention to his business and has a fair out-
look for the future.

A native of Scottsville, Mo., our subject was
born January 22, 1850, and is the son of John J.
and Mary (Fulk) Swiggart, who were natives of
Iowa and are now deceased. He spent his boyhood
and j'outh in Hamburg. Iowa, acquiring a practical
education in tiie common schools. He came to
Joliet in 1875, and for eight years thereafter was
in the employ of the Joliet Steel Company. In the
meantime he was recognized as a valued addition
to the community, and after tilling various other
positions of trust and resi)onsil>ility was, in 1884,
elected Town and City Collector on the Repub-
lican ticket.

Z-2i

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

At the close of his term of office Mr. Swiggart
establislied himself in the groeeiy trade on the
sontlnvcst corner of Cass Street anil Easton Ave-
nue, and by a course of fair dealing and courteous
treatment of his customers, his business increased
to such an extent that he was obliged to move into
more commodious quarters. Then, in partnership
with George Monroe and AA^illiam McDermont, he
purchased t!ie ground occupied by the Union Block,
upon which they built, and of which the}' still re-
tain ownership. He now has the largest grocery
in the citj-, building it up from first principles by
his own exertions. He is a favorite both in social
and business circles, a member of the Masonic fra-
ternity, having attained to the Chapter degree, be-
longs to the Independent* Order of Odd Fellows
and the Royal Arcanum. In the latter he occu-
pies the |)osition of Treasurer.

Mr. Swiggart was for a time A'ice President of
the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel
Workers of the Fourth District, and President of
the Trade and Labor Council, but thought best to
resign these positions upon going into business.
Mr. Swiggart. on the •23d of September, 1875, w.as
wedded to Miss Isaphine Crouch, who at that
time was a resident of Thurman, Iowa. Mrs. Swig-
gart was born .January 21, 1851, and is the daugh-
ter of Hiram Crouch and wife, who are now
deceased. The young couple immediately after
their wedding came to Joliet, of which they have
since been residents.

John .1. Swiggart, the father of our subject, w-jis
born in Ohio, where he was reared to man's estate
and married. Thence he removed to INIissouri, and
from there to Iowa, locating in Hamburi;. where
he and his estimable wife spent the remainder of
their days.

^^ EORGE NAPOLEON POMERO Y. A stroll
l|[ (=- through the prominent streets of Joliet
'''^^ reveals the fact that it contains many busi-
ness houses of fine appearance, well stocked with
the best goods and evidently the centers of a flour-
ishinu; trade. Such is the furniture store of the

firm of Rocky & Pomeroy, which was established
in 1887, and which is now doing a business of
|i9.000 per year. The careei- of the junior mem-
ber of the firm h.as been marked with a determina-
tion and persistence that could scarcely fail to win
success. While working for others he was faithful
to the interests of his employers, and in serving
others he learned how to be a master. His busi-
ness is conducted according to honorable i)rinci-
ples of square dealing, which, combined with the
courteous treatment received by the patrons of the
establishment, redounds to his credit throughout
the community, and brings custom.

The natal day of our subject was November .5,
1855, and his birthplace Bay Citj', Mich. His
parents were William and Charlotte (.Sherman)
Pomero}% and the father was a millwright by trade.
He was originally from the Green .Mountain .State.
In the family were seven children, all still living
but William, who was drowned in the Saginaw
River. The others are : Mrs. Dr. Nash; C. H.. of
Bay City, Mich; Mrs. John Jenkins, of Detroit;
David and Daniel, (twins), the one living in De-
troit and the other farming in Shiawassee Couirty,
Mich.; and the subject of this sketch.

The gentleman of whom we write passed his
boyhood upon a farm near Howell. Mich., his
fiither being at that time the keeper of a tavern at
what was known as the Three Corners. Pomeroy's
Hotel became a popular and well-known place of
rendezvous for those eng.aged in the lumber trade.
The family removed from the farm to Ann Arlior,
where our subject attended school four or five
3'ears. When the father died. February 22. 1874,
the family became scattered and George went to
Lansing, doing whatever offered in the w.ay of
work. Subsequentl}-, after spending a short time
in Grand Rapids, he worked on a farm for a
time, then realizing the highest ambition of his
boyhood by entering a shop as a clerk.

After eleven months of this work Mr. Pomeroy
became foreman of a bakery and confectioneiy
shop in Biiy City, which he left to take a position
in a cracker factor}- that had been purchased by
his brother C. H., and C. C. Whitney. AVith them
he remainc<l three years, attending to the shipping,
buying, and similar details of the business. In

^"Sit,

J^-C*-T'^<J2^<^>'yi-

-2n^Q^

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

325

1884 he was called to .Toliet by a telegram announc-
ing the expected death of his mother. His first
lahor in this city was in a conservatory, his em-
ployer lieiii,4' A. E. Sparr. He next entered the
emploj' of George IMonroe it Son, first working on
a building they were erecting, and then becoming
assistant shipping clerk for the firm. He next
learned the upholstering trade of E. F. Etmyre,
for whom he worked nearly a 3'ear, leaving him to
establish a business of his own in Kankakee. There
he remained but eighteen months ere returning to
.loliet to continue the upholstering business here.

In Jliss Jennie Rocky. Mr. Pomeroy found
united the qualities of mind and heart, the pleasing
nitinners, and useful accomplishments which won
his deep regard and aroused in his breast the desire
tu make her his wife. His wooing proved success-
ful, and on September 26, 1885, the young couple
ncre united in marriage. Mr. Pomeroy is a mem-
bv'r of the society know as the Modern Woodmen
of America. He is identified with the Methodist
Episcopal Church, having full fellowship in that
religious organization.

^-i^

!<-

record of the life of this gentleman, whose
Ji \v portrait appears on the opposite page, affords

a striking illustration of the results of force
and decision of purpose in a man, as well as of the
power which an energetic and honorable character
exercises upon the lives of others. From boyhood
he has unceasingly applied himself to the gaining
of knowledge and, as a consequence, is highly cul-
tured and wields a large influence both from the
inilpit and with the pen. Although he has been a
resident of Loekport only about ten 3'ears, he is
nevertheless inseparably associated with the most
imiiortant religious enterprises of AVill County in
the ranks of the Catholic Church.

Chicago was the native place of Father McGovern
and there he was born March 25, 18.39. He spent
his boyhood in his native city, being among the
first [Hipils attending the Dearborn public school,
on M.adison Street, and afterward studying classics

in the University of St. Mary of the Lake. When
fourteen years of age he was sent to Rome, Italy,
where he entered the Propaganda College, remain-
ing there ten years, graduating with high honors
and earning the title of Doctor of Divinity. On
his return to Chicago he was appointed Vice-Presi-
dent of the University of St. Mary of the Lake,
and Rector of the Theological Sen»inary connected
with that institution. When the university ceased
to exist he went to Fulton, III., where he began the
career of upbuilding for which he has since become
noted. His efforts secured the erection of a beauti-
ful church and residence, but the energetic priest
did not long enjoy the fruits of his labor in that
city.

The next location of Father McGovern was
Bloomington, 111., where the large church building
which had been in course of construction was de-
molished by a cyclone April 24, 1868. He took
hold of affairs with the characteristic energy which
had led to his being sent to this field of labor, and
not only rebuilt the church edifice, but also erected
a residence and started a boys' parochial school
which has since become an educational power in
that cit3'. When the new See of Peoria was formed
he returned to his native diocese and took charge
of the church in Rock Island, 111., filling the place
of the Rev. Joseph P. Roles, who went on a trip
to the Holy Land. While occup^Mng the tempor-
arj' vacancy he was instrumental in the erection' of
churches at Edgington and Preemption, Mercer
County.

In 1875, Father McGovern was sent to Lake
Forest, Lake County, where he built a church and
parsonage and reorganized the parish, so that on
his departure to another field of labor he had one
of the most flourishing churches in the diocese.
Loekport became his home in 1880, and here he
has again founded a school which is rapidly gaining
in numerical strength and reputation. He has the
second largest church in Will County, a fine parish
residence that he bought for the church, a devoted
people, and his influence is unbounded.

Rev. Dr. McGovern is a man of deep theological
knowledge, classical information and literary taste,
and has pleasant ways which gain good will and
prepossess strangers in his favor. As an author

326

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

he has gained wide repute, the chief work which he
has written being the life of Bishop McMullen, of
Davenport. Iowa, which ranks high among bio-
graphical writings, tie has always been a liberal
contributor to the public and Catliolic press, and
many to whom his voice is unfamiliar know him
well through his writings.

' > ' Oo g:-»

i|i^)RANKLIN P. FREY. Among the younger
jLiii^' business men of Joliet, honorable mention
ill) shouhl be given to the above-named gen-

tleman, who has been identified with the coal busi-
ness for a number of 3-ears and who has been
prospered in his worldly affairs b}' reason of his
square dealing, excellent judgment, and wise man-
agement. He does a business of from *8,000 to
§10,000 a year.

The Fre}' family is traced back to Switzerland
whence the grandfather of our subject came to
America at the age of seventeen years. He was a
tanner by trade. To him, at his home in Pennsyl-
vania, was born a son, J. H., who after becoming
a man turned his attention to mercantile pursuits.
J. H. Frey married Margaret Hartong, who was
also a native of the Keystone State, and in an early
day they took up their abode in Ohio. In 1856,
they came to Illinois, locating in PlainOeld, this
county, whence they removed to Joliet in 1858.
Mr. Frey had kept the toll gate on the old plank
road, prior to his removal to this cit}'. To this
couple nine children were born, their record being
as follows: Mrs. Fiannah Peddicord lives in West-
ern Kansas; Daniel R., in Dakota; Samuel M. died
in Iowa in June, 1876; Ouriasdied at Camp Doug-
las, 111., in 1863, being a member of the Sixty-
fourth Illinois Infantry; B3'ron S. lives at Lock-
port; Adam died in infancy; F. P. is the next in
order of birth; Mrs. Ilattie M. Mapps, lives in
York, Neb.; Anna still remains at home.

The gentleman with whose name we introduce
tills sketch was born in Manchester, Ohio. Septem-
l)er 29, 1852, but passed his boyhood in Joliet,
h.iving been brought thither at the age of four

years. In the common schools he received a good
education and from his worthy parents the moral
teaching and habits of industry which have been
practiced in his business and social career. He
started out in the coal trade by entering the em-
ploj- of J. Q. A. King, for whom he worked by the
month until 1874, when he opened an office for
himself. Since that date he has continued a
scarcely interrupted business.

The first Presidential ballot of Mr. Frey was
cast for U. S. Grant, and his political .allegiance has
ever been given to the Republican party. He was
nominated for Assistant Supervisor in 1890,
ag.iinst his protest, as he had no desire to enter
public life. His talents are made available in so-
cial and religious matters, and he is Financial Sec-
retary of the Patriotic Order of Sons of America,
and Treasurer of Erwin Council, No. 1 10, of the Na-
tional Union. He is also Secretary of the Presbj'-
terian Sunday-school, a position he has held eight
years, and is numbered among the active members
of the church.

The ladj^ whom Mr. Fre^' wooed and won for his
wife, was in her girlhood Miss Minnie M. Hicks.
She is a daughter of S. J. Hicks who now resides
in Oshkosh, Wis., and is an estimable lady with
cultured mind, useful knowledge and i)leasing man-
ners. The rites of wedlock were celebr.ated JUI3' 31,
1881, and four bright children have come to bless
the union. They are named respectfully — Qhester
C, Edna M., Lulu M. and Ella Rue.

iHOMAS AY. BROWN. As a sagacious,
practical, industrious farmer, the subject of
this biographical review has played an im-
portant part in the development of the rich agri-
cultural interests of Plainfield Township, and his
well-ordered farm, with itsneat buildings and well-
tilled fields, compare favorablj- with the finest in
this part of the county. Mr. Brown, though
looking after his agricultural affairs himself, does
not occupy his farm but makes his home in the
village, where a few j-ears ago he purchased a fine
residence, which is built in a modern and pretty

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

327

stylo of areliitectiire, and is well and taslcfully
furnished.

Our stihject was born in Fifesliire, Scotland,
April 14, 1839. His father, John Brown, is thought
to have been a native of Duinfrieshire, his fa-
ther of the same name, being also a native of Scot-
l.ind, and of Scotch ancestry. He was a weaver and
followed that trade the greater part of his life.
The father of our subject was reared to agricultu-
ral [(ursuits, but for a number of years after mar-
riage, operated a stationary engine in a spinning
fat tory. He continued to reside in the land of his
birtli until 1853, when with his wife and thirteen
children he cnibarkec) for America in the month of
August. Landing at New York he came directly
to Chicago and after a short .stay there, came to
Will County, and settled in Wheatland Township,
where he purchased a tract of land a few acres of
which were broken and some small buildings were
on the place. lie was actively engaged in the
management of that farm until hjs life was brought
lo a close in 1885, and thus passed aw.ay one of the
wmthv pioneers of the county. The maiden name
of ihc mother of our subject was Lumsdale. She
never came to America but died in her native
Scotland, in 1849. The father married a second
time. His wife survives him and still resides on
the ht>mestead in Wheatland Township. Mr. Brown
was the father of eight children b}' his first mar-
riage and five b}" the latter.

The son, of whom we write, received his educa-
tion in the schools of his native shire. He was
fourteen years old when he accompanied his pa-
rents to America, and he commenced life here .as a
farm lal)orer, working liy the month. After a few
years he returned home to assist his father in the
management of his farm and remained with him
until his marriage, when he rented land in Kendall
Count}'. So well was he prospered that in 1870. he
was enabled to become a land-owner himself, pur-
chasing in that j'car sixty-two acres of land iu
Plainfield Township and a few years later, buying
the .seventy acres adjoining, and subsequently be-
coming the possessor of fifty acres more, so that
his farm now contains one hundred and eighty- two
acres of unsurpassing fertility whose improvements
are of the best. He did not, however, settle on his

farm but lived in Kendall County until 1888, when
he removed to I'laintield to his present fine resi-
dence.

INIr. Brown has been twice married. In 1859,
he was wedded to Marian Vondervort, a native of
Vermont, and a daughter of John Vandervort.
The following four children were born of that
marriage: Marian Elizabeth, Silas A., Florence E.
and Dilroy M. Our subject's second marriage oc-
curred in 1879, when he was united to Miss Han-
nah M. Smith, a native of Kickapoo, 111. Her fa-
ther, Daniel Smith, was born in Kent, England,
and came to America with his wife and three chil-
dren. He resided in New York for a time and
then, coming to Illinois, was a pioneer of Peoria
County. About 1842, he came to Will County
and bought a farm in Plainfield Township, on
which he resided until his mortal career was
brought to a close in 18G3. The maiden name of
his wife was Mary Bachelor. She was born in Eng-
land and died in Plainfield.

iSIr. Brown is a self-made man in the truest sense
of the word ; with sound understanding developed
bj' intelligent reading and careful observation,
a stable character and industrious haliits, he is
an influence for good in this community with
whose social, religious, and material interest he is
as.soeiated. He and his wife are members of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, and by their conduct
in the ever}' day affairs of life show themselves to
be sincere Christians. A citizen of public spirit
and always evincing a general interest in the wel-
fare of the township and county, our subject inter-
ests himself in politics and is a devoted follower of
the Republican party.

'f / OHN H. OHLENDORF, Ju. The late John
Ohlendorf was a leading farmer of Crete
Township and quite an old settler therein.
He was a native of Hesse, Germany, born
September IG, 1827, and died at his home in this
township. May 25, 1888. He was the oldest of
five .sons and two daughters born to his parents,
and yrew to man's estate in his native land. He

328

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

received a goofl practical educaliou in the Fallior-
land, whence, in 1852, he canio to America witli
the other members of tlio parental family. Sail-
ing from Bremerliaven in June, they spent seven
weeks on the briny deep, finally landing in New
York Cit}', and, as a united family, coming west
to Chicago, Til. Soon afterward they all came to
to this countj'.

John Henry Ohlendorf, Sr., was reared to farm
pursuits in Ids native llesse, and was also a local
officer there for some 3'ears. He married a Hessian
lady, Miss Sophia Senne. When they ari'ived in
this county, he purchased one hundred and sixty
acres of land on sections 34 and 35, Crete Town-
ship, paying ?*1,100 for the same. It was mostly
wild land at the time of purchase. There the
parents of our subject lived for some years, when
they purchased another farm and gave their orig-
inal estate to their eldest son. They subsequently
gave their second farm to their second son, and con-
tinued this process until all their sons were estab-
lished in good homes, when they made their home
with their youngest son, August. There the
father died July 9, 1882, at the advanced age of
seventy-eight years. His widow is yet living, still
making her home with her son, August. She is
now nearly seventy-eight years of age. She is a
member of the Lutheran Church, of which her hus-
band was also a member, and like his, her life has
been characterized by industr3' and piet3^

Realizing that it is not good for man to live
alone, he of whom we write led to the hymeneal
altar Miss AVilhelmina Arkenberg, the marriage
rites being performed at the home of the bride in
this township. She was born in the Kingdom of
Hanover, Germanj', November 16, 1835, and is the
oldest child of William and Dora (Gisika) Arken-
berg. Her father was a shepherd in German}', that
having been the avocation of the family for several
generations. After the birth of their four sons and
two daughters, Mr. and Mrs. Arkenberg emigrated
to America, sailing from Breraerhaven to New
York. They came at once to Chicago and later to
this county, this being in 1853. Mr. Arkenberg
purchased a farm near Goodenow, Crete Town-
ship, making of it an estate of considerable value.
There he breathed his hist in 1880, at the age of

sevonty-two years. His widow dei)arted this life
four years later when seventy-one years of age.
Both were members of the Lutheran Church.

The wife of our subject having been seventeen
years of age when she accomjianied her parents to
Ameri(^T, received the greater j)art of her educa-
tion in her native clime. With the devotion of a
true wife, she labored hard with her husband to
make a home for their famil}', proving her efficiency
in household duties, and as a counselor and S}'m-
pathizing helpmate wherever woman's work is
needed. After the death of her husband, she took
up her residence in Crete, where she is still living,
with her youngest child. She is the mother of
three children — Henry W., whose biography occu-
pies a page in this volume; Amelia, wife of Henrj'
Triebold, their home being on a farm in Crete
Township; and Regina, who is her mother's com-
panion. She is a member of the Lutheran Church,
to which her children also belong, and with which
her deceased husband was identified. The life of
Mr. Ohlendorf was one of persevering industry,
neighborl}' kindness, and unassuming devotion to
the principles in which he believed, and his death
removed from the township a citizen whose worth
was unquestioned. Besides leaving a good home
to his heirs, he left to them that best of all inheri-
tances, a name and memory which can be thought
upon with loving reverence.

..«v;f.>..#;*.

^^EORGE E. SHAW, one of the most pros-
III (— , perous farmers of Plainfield, has been a
^^^ resident of this township for more than
thirt}' years, and has been closely associated with
its agricultural development, helping to make AVill
County one of the finest farming regions in the
State, and during this time he has acquired a
goodly amount of property and has placed him-
self among the substantial citizens of the com-
munity.

Mr. Shaw is a native of EJizabethtown, N. J.,
born February 2. 1815, a son of Elijah Shaw,
who is thouirht to have been born in New York

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL aLSUM.

329

State. The latter learned the trade of a cooper
and followed that falling in Columbia and ])iit('liess
Counties. At his death, in 1822, in the town of
Milan, a useful and honorable life was brought
to a close. The maiden name of the mother of
our subject was Catherine Althouse. .She is thought
to have been born in Dutchess County and spent
her last years with a daughter in Westchester
County, N. Y. There were seven children born
to the parents of our subject of whom the fol-
lowing six were reared: Mary, Jane, George E.,
Elijah, l'h(i'l>e and Helen. The mother of the sub-
ject of this sketch was married a second time,
becoming the wife of George Shaffer and they
reared one daughter, Louisa.

Our subject was but seven years old when he
IkkI tiie misfortune to lose his father and one year
later he went to live with a farmer, Philip I.
Zinlc. He was bred to agricultural pursuits, re-
ceiving in return for his services his board and
clothes. At the age of twenty-one he started out
for himself, witii empty pockets and in debt for the
cloth to make the suit of clothes that he wore. A
young mail of his willingness and capability to
work found but little difficulty in obtaining a situ-
ation, and he was soon engaged on a farm in
Dutchess County, his wages being $12 per month
for eight months in tiie j'car, and during the win-
ter season he was obliged t(j work for $8 per
moutli. He labored ver}- hard and prudently
saved his earnings, and the following spring in-
vested a part of them in a tract of three hundred
acrc^s of wild timber land in Cochecton, Sulli-
van Count3', in part payment for it giving eight
months more work. He did not locate on his pur-
chase at that time but continued working for a
few years, until he was enabled to buy two hun-
dred acres adjoining it, and after marriage he
bought a house and three acres of land in Stan-
ford, Dutchess County. The following year (1847)
ho sold that place and went to Sullivan County
intending to settle on his land there, but before
l)uilding, he embraced a fine opporlunitj- to sell a
part of his land for an improved farm in the
town of Bethel, the same county, and two years
after that he bought the remainder of the first
tract he had previously purchased. Hearing much

of the wonderful fertilitjr of the soil of the Prai-
rie State and the various other advantages offered
to the practical, wide-awake farmer, he determined
to try life hero, and selling his farm in New York,
he came to this .State and two years later pur-
chased the farm where he now resides. Eighty
acres of this is located on a part of section 35,
and he has besides another eighty-acre tract on
the same section, and eleven and one-half acres
of valuable timber land on section 27. In the
years of hard labor that followed his settlement
here Mr. Shaw devoted himself assiduously to
the work of his farm, and has brought about a
great change in everj' respect, erecting roomy,
convenient buildings, suitable for ever^^ purpose,
cultivating the land after the best methods and
providing himself with the best machinery, so
that his place may be regarded as a model in its
way.

Mr. Shaw has been married three times. His
first wife, to whom he was united in 1844, was
Catherine E. Schoonover. She was a native of
Dutchess County, N. Y.,and a daughter of Richard
and Ann Schoonover. Her death, October 31,
18o0, deprived him of a good wife. He was next
married, September 11, 1851, to Mary A. C'olsen,
a native of Ireland and a daughter of William
and Ann Colsen. After a pleasant wedded life of
nearly thirteen years he was deprived of lier assist-
ance by death July 10, 1864. To them had been
born three children, namely': William E., George
H. and Lewis. William married Martha, KQonelly,
and has three children — Ella, Margaret and Lester;
George H. married Estella O'Strander and has one
child, Ethel.

The marriage of our sultjcct to his |)rcscnt wife
was solemnized May 10,1809, her maiden name was
Anna Coon, and she was born in Milan, Dutchess
County, N. Y. Her father, Philip A. Coon, is sup-
posed to have been born in Columbia County,
N. Y., and his father, John Coon, was a farmer
and died in Johnstown, Montgomery County, N.Y.
Mrs. Shaw's father was also a farmer and at one
time owned a farm in Milan. He came to Illinois
with Mrs. Shaw and died at her homo in 1871.
The maiden name of his wife was Hannah Link,
and she was a native of Milan. Her father, John

330

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Link, is supposed to have been born there, and to
have been a descendant of German ancestry. lie
carried on farmin;^ in tliat town until liis death.
Mrs. .Shaw's niotlicr died in Milan about 1858.

Mr. Shaw is a sturdy representative of our self-
made men, as, beginning life in povert}', he lias
Worked his waj- up to a position of comparative
wealth all through his own efforts, he having been
well equipped for the struggle with energy, deter-
mination, and a good capacity for skillful labor,
besides being a man of steady habits, thorough
conscientiousness and unswerving integrity. He
and his wife are sincere religious i)eople, and the
Congregational C'hurch finds in them two of its
most faithful members. He was a Whig in former
days, but since the formation of the Republican
l)arty has been one of its most consistent suj)-
porters.

ETER P. ADLER. This gentleman is
numbered among the prominent citizens

Tof .loliet, where he has been engaged in
business for a number of years, manifest-
ing a degree of abilit}' and enterprise that has
given him a high standing in business circles and
wins for liim a flourishing trade. He is a member
of the firm of Adler Brothers, stock dealers and
shippers, and wholesale and retail de.ilers in meats.
Their market is situated at No. 1 1 2 Exchange
Street, in the National Block; and their business
of shipping stock to the East necessitates the buy-
ing by wholesale in Kansas City, Mo., and various
other points in the West.

The subject of this sketch owns considerable
land in the township and has charge of the estate,
whereon horses, mules, cattle, and hogs are raised
in considerable numbers. He iS known as a gen-
eral farmer in a large waj', while he has also at-
tended to the shipping of the stock of the firm,
simply overseeing the business.

Mr. Adler was born in Joliet Township, this
county, ()ctol>er 8, 1842, being a son of Michael
Adler, whose history will be found in the sketch
of .Incob Adler on another page of this Albdm.
He grew to the age of nineteen years on the farm.

after which he learned the trade of a shoemaker in
the cit3' of Joliet-. After mastering his trade, he
eng.aged in the clothing business, continuing in it
several years, but in 18G8 beginning the meat busi-
ness. He bought with his brother Jacob, having
charge of the market, and since they extended
their business to include the buying and shipiiing
of stock, he has spent much of his time in Kansas
City, Mo., or in various parts of the State of Kan-
sas, interested with his brother-in-law, F. G. Kap-
ple. He has an interest in the building in which
the market is carried on.

The marriage of Mr. Adler took place at the
bride's home, in Joliet, in 1865. She was born in
Ohio, in 1844, to Joseph and Elizabeth Flick and
was christened INIary A. Her father was a native
of Alsace, when it was a dej^artment of France,
and her mother was born in I'ennsylvania, her
maiden name having been Seuter. The family
came to this county in 1833, and Mr. Flick en-
gaged in the hotel business in the same house the
family now occupies. He died in 1873, leaving a
widow and four daughters, three of whom now
survive, two being at home.

To Mr. Adler and his estimable wife six children
have been born, three of whom are living. They
are named respectively: Angeline, Lizzie and Peter
M. J. The parents belong to St. John's Catholic
Church and stand well in the esteem of their ac-
quaintances, their characters and intelligence ren-
dering them useful and agreeable members of
society.

eHARLES C. MoCLAUGHRY, A. B. This
young gentleman, who is now filling the
position of Chief Engineer of the Illinois
State Penitentiary', at Joliet, is a man of more
than ordinary ability and strength and nobility of
character. He was the recipient of excellent ad-
vantages during his boyhood and youth, made a
good use of them, and possesses a mind well
stored with useful knowledge and capable of grasp-
ing with firmness and with acute perception, sub-
jects brought before him for consideration. With

PORTRAIT AND HIOGKAPHICAL ALBUM.

331

this, lie has firm principles and agreeable, courte-
ous manners.

The subject of this brief biographical notice
was born at Carthage, Hancock Countj', April 7,
1863, while his father was in the army. When
eleven years old he came to Joliet with his parents,
finishing his education at Knox College and being
graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts in
the class of '85. Pie then entered the machine
shops of the Illinois Steel Company in order
to acquire the trade of a machinist, which he
completed in that establishment. He was after-
ward connected with the firm of E. R. Brainard
& Co., in their machine department in the peniten-
ti-jr^', leaving their employ November 1, 1889, at
which time he was appointed chief engineer of the
prison. He is a meml)er of the Lincoln Club, an
organization of j'oung Republicans, and belongs to
the Central Presbyterian Church.

At the residence of W. C. Deramond, of this
city, June 28, 1888, the marriage ceremony was
performed which united the subject of this sketch
and Miss Helen A., daughter of the host. The
bride was born in this city, which has ever been her
home, and where she has made many friends by her
genial manners, intelligence and estimable charac-
ter. To her and her husband one child has been
born, who bears the name of Helen B.

Maj. Robert W. McClaiighiy, the father of our
subject, was Warden of tlic penitentiary in Joliet
for fifteen years. He w.-is born in Fountain Green,
Hancock County, July 22, 1839, and remained at
liqine on a farm until ISfiG. He then entered Mon-
mouth College, being graduated in 1860, and re-
maining in the institution one year as Professor of
Latin. Returning to Hancock County in 1861,
he settled at Carthage and became editor of the
Carthage Republican. In response to President
Lincoln's call for three hundred tliousand men, he
enlisted, in August, 1862, as a private in the One
Hundred and Eighteenth Illinois Infantry. He was
chosen Captain of Company B, and in November
following was elected Major of the regiment. He
participated in all the campaigns in the Gulf de-
partment, which resulted in the caiiture of Vicks-
burg, and in all those in Western Louisiana until
June, 1864, when he was transferred to the pay

department as Paymaster and assigned to duty at
Springfield, 111. He remained there until October,
1865, when he was mustered out of the service.

Having been elected Clerk of Hancock County,
Maj. McClanghry at once assumed the duties of
that office, which he held until 1869. During the
next two years he was engaged in the stone quarry
business in Sonora and furnished stone for the rail-
road bridge over the Mississii)pi at Keokuk,and also
for tlie Government canal at the same place, and
for the foundations of the new State Cajjitol at
Springfield. In 1871 he went to St. Louis, Mo., to
take charge of the St. Genevieve quarries, but the
following year, his health failing, he returned to
Monmouth, 111., and entered the office of Judge
Glenn, to attend to a portion of his business. There
he remained until August 1, 1874, when he was
api)ointed Warden of the penitentiar3' of this
place. He was married, in 1862, to Miss Eliza-
beth Madden, of Monmouth, and has five children
living.

— ^^m — -

ICHOLS D. DYER. The flourishing city
of Joliet contains manj' business houses in
whose management great tact is displayed,
and in which a trade is carried on that gives circu-
lation to thousands of dollars per annum. One of
these flourishing establishments is that of the sub-
ject of this sketch, who is a dealer in dry-goods.

Fifteen years after the Pilgrims of the "May-
flower" had landed on Plymouth Rock, the first
record of William and Mary Dyer, who were first
cousins, is found in Boston. Like many others in
that da}' they had left the refinements of an Eng-
lish home, to brave the discomforts of the Western
wilderness in order to enjoy the blessing of relig-
ious liberty. William Dyer was led by the elo-
quence of Roger Williams to espouse the cause of
the Baptists, whereupon he was disfr.anchised and
like many others compelled to leave the colony.
His wife walked out of a meeting of Puritans in
company with Mrs. Hutchinson. The banished
Dyers bouglit the little isle — Rhode — Island — then
called Aquidunk or Isle of Peace. Of the new
colony who settled "Little Rhody," William Dyer

332

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

was selected as Clerk, subsequently becoming Re-
corder, Clerk of the Assembly and Attoney-Gen-
eral. His wife still adhered to the C^uaker belief
aUliough ojiposed to the spirit of intolerance
characterising that body, and especially, the un-
just law of banishment. Restless under it and
firmly believing she had a mission to perform, she
returned to Massachusetts to secure a reformation.
In this she failed, and was therefore a martyr to
her religious belief, and was brought to the gallows
for execution as one sowing the seeds of sedition,
by direction of Gov. Endicott. Through the inter-
vention of a son she was spared, only to again re-
turn to the same mission and become a martyr to
her faith. Quite a number of the progeny- of these
Puritans have become noted in American history-.
>«. 1). Dyer, of whom we write, is one of the lineal
descendants.

The subject of this biographical notice was born
in Lexington. Ohio, January 14. 1841. He is the
eighth in a family of five sons and four d.iughlers,
born to Daniel II. and Phila (Beaverstock ) Dyer,
natives of Vermont. nni1 is the only survi\ or ex-
cept his sister. Mrs. Pldhi .M. Watson, of Iowa City,
Iowa. Until tliirieen years of age he was with his
])arcnts in his native village, after which he accom-
panied them to Callaway County. Mo., where his
father followed farming. The lad was educated in
llie common schools and, his father having lost his
Mi.'^souri property, in his youth began working by
the month in Iowa. He continued his labors on a
f.arm there until the winter of 1860, when he taught
school near Plainfleld. 111. In 1862, he entered the
Commissary Department of the army at Pilot
Knob, Mo., under his uncle, Col. George Dyer.

Six months later young Dyer went to Farming-
ton, Mo., and raised a company of Union refugees,
whom he accompanied to St. Louis, joining Frank
P. Blair's brigade as a Second Lieutenant. They
were sent to join .Sherman, and toi)k i^art in the en-
gagement at Chickasaw Bayou, where the Union
forces were sadly defeated. The\' then went to
Arkansas Post, where the tide turned and thej-
captured all the artillery. After wintering at Mil-
liken's Bend, where a [lortion of their time was
spent in digging the canal in the vain endeavor to
make the Mississippi run up hill, tliev were sent to

Vicksburg and bore an active part in the siege of
that city. There Mr. Dyer acted as Captain. Prior
to this he h.ad been made an aide on Gen. Carr's
staff, with the rank of Lieutenant, but had declinerl
the appointment because the boys had insisted that
as he had started out with them he should remain
in their company. The next prominent point at
which the young soldier w.as found was Jackson,
Miss., after the capture of which he took part in
other conflicts, among them being the noted engage-
ment at Lookout Mountain, where many of our
brave boys fought above the clouds. Following
this came the battles at Ringgold. Dallas, Peach
Tree Creek and Big Shanty. Breaking down in
health while en route to Atlanta, Captain Dyer was
discharged September 4, 18{)4, on a surgeon's cer-
tificate of disability.

The succeeding two years were spent by Mr.
Dyer in recovering his health, and he then engaged
in the hardware business in Chicago, continuing it
a year. He then went to Iowa, where in the town
of Atalissa, .September 12. 1867, lie was united in
marriage with Miss Amanda M.. daughter of
Tliomas Lewis. The same year he went to St.
Louis, Mo., where he received tlie aiipoinlment of
Deputj' City Collector, the place being secured for
liira by Gov. Fletcher, and held a little over a
year. On account of his wife's health they re-
turned to Iowa, where he was engaged in the mer-
cantile business until 1875, at which time he
removed to Joliet. His wife was removed bv death
June 29. 1870-. leaving one child, George L., who
is now with hisfatlier. Since coming to Joliet Mr.
I)\er has followed the dry-goods business.

On May 6, 1873. Mr. Dyer contracted a second
matrimonial alliance, taking for his companion
Miss Juliette Hardy, with whom he lived happily
until December 27, 1876, when she breathed her
last. She was a daughter of Otis Hardy, of Joliet.
The union was blessed by tlie birth of one child,
Florence J. On April 10. 1878, Mr. Dver was
again married, his bride being Miss Amelia A.
Hard}-, who has borne him two cliildren, now liv-
ing — Emma Phila and Marion A.

The first Presidential ballot of Mr. Dyer was
cast for Abraham Lincoln, and his allegiance has
has always been given to the Republican party. In

t4^-2^T/^//^lj(L^

PORTRAIT AND BJOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

335

the infancy of that political organization his father
and brotliers desired to vote for Gen. Fremont,
but dare not do so in the section of jNIissouri in
which they lived. Mr. Dyer belongs to the Grand
Ami}' of the Kepuhlic.

-m=

ATRICK W.DUNNE,Pastorof St. Patrick's
Church in Joliet, although comparatively'
young holds a liigh position in the ranks of
the Catholic [iriesthood as one who is do-
ing i!;uch to advance the interests of the cliurch in
various ways. To liim are due the great improve-
ments around the edifice in which his charge
meets. Personally he is a genial, whole-souled
man, very comiianionable, and not only dearly
loved by his people but highly respected by the
community in general for his good qualities of
mind and heart. His intellect has been thoroughly
cultured and his mind is stored with learning. In
charitable work he is ever ready to lend a helping
hiind and the members of his own charge are
lroale<l with the greatest consideration regarding
their physical needs, as well as the wants of their
souls.

Father Dunne is of mixed ancestry, his father,
Fdwanl Dunne, having been a native of Ireland,
and his mother, Mary Finn, of Prince Edward Is
laud. Edward Dunne came to Prince Edward Is-
land in 18iy, and 1851 went to Watertown, Wis.,
where "he built the first church and first Ijridge in
that place, the latter being over the Rock Rivei'.
lie bad been reared to carpentering, his six broth-
ers following the same trade or combining it with
ship-carpentering. The seven Dunne brothers
came to America, and two — WiUiam and Patrick —
are now living in Chicago. The youngest brother,
Dennis, was a man of wide reputation and high
character, who became Vicar General of the Chi-
cago Diocese. He departed his life in 18G8. The
father of our subject died in Joliet, July 2, 1888.
His last work was remodeling St. Patrick's Church,
for which he had drawn all the plans and specifica-
tions and which he personally superintended. His
widow is still living, making her home in Chicago,

where a numljer of her children reside. To Edward
and Mary Dunne nine d-uighters and six sons were
born, ten of the number being yet alive. These
all live in Chicago except Patrick and his sister
Catherine who is with him in Joliet.

The subject of this sketch was born in Water-
town, Wis., March 4, 1852. His education was
begun in the College of the Christian Brothers in
Chicago. In the spring of 18G8, he entered St.
Charles College, at Ellicott City, Md., from which
institution he was graduated in 1874. Owing to
sickness his studies were abandoned for a jear, af-
ter which he renewed them in St. Mary's Seminary
at Baltimore. In that institution he remained four
and a half years, completing the line of studies
which fitted him to enter the priestliood. On De-
cember 22, 187'.), he was ordained and sent to St.
Patrick's Church, Chicago, where he arriveil two
days later, celebrating his first mass at midnight of
that same day. Father Dunne became the Assis-
tant Pastor of St. Mary's Church in .Joliet, Feb-
ruary 13, 1880, retaining that position until
January 29, 1886, when he was aijpointed to that
which he now fills. Here he became the successor
of Father Walter Power, who died Januar}' 27,
and whose pastorate had extended through seven-
teen j'ears.

In 1889, the Golden Jubilee of St. Patrick's
Church was celebrated, the event being the grand-
est that Joliet had ever seen in connection with
Catholic church work. The occasion was one that
will long be remembered, not only by those who
adlierc to the Catholic faith Init b}- all who wit-
nessed it. The Pontifical High Mass was celebrated
by Bishop Burke, of Cheyenne, and Arch-bishop
Riordan, of San Francisco, the latter a cousin of
Father Dunne, delivered the sermon.

A lithographic portrait of Father Dunne appears
in connection with his biographical sketch.

'^ypS^'REDERICK HASEMAN. Among the young

IMffv. farmers of the county a high place is meri-

/l^, ted by the gentleman above named, who

successfully operates a tract of land in Washington

336

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Township. This estate ccmprises two hundred
acres of excellent land under careful and intelli-
gent tillage, and has been the home of our subject
from his infancy. For six years he lias been the
owner of the farm that was purchased b^' his father
in a raw state, and by him and his sons brought to
a fine condition of improvement and cultivation.
The work begun by the parent is ably continued
by the son, who is intelligent, industrious and
thrifty. He was born near Eagle Lake, in this
township, August 12, 1862, and is the youngest
child of his parents and the only one born in Amer-
ica, lie was but a year old when he came to his
present home, where he grew to manhood, was
educated and began his own career.

The father of our subject is John Ilaseman, who
was born in Shambourg, Leipsic, Germany, Janu-
ary 25, 1814. lie married the daughter of a neigh-
boring family — Miss Mary Pauls — who like him-
self had been reared under the care of excellent
parents. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. John
Haseman lived on a farm in the Fatherland until
after the birth of seven children. They then set
sail for America, leaving Bremerhaven, ]\Iay 1,
1860, and landing in New York City twenty-three
days later. 'I'he family came to Chicago, III., and
thence to Eagle Lake, tliis county, where they
rented a farm, upon which the}' lived for three
years, and where our subject first saw the light of
day.

In 1863 the father purchased one hundred and
twenty acres on section 8, Washington Township,
the next year adding an eighty-acre tract adjoin,
ing. Upon tliis he put up good buildings, reclaim-
ing the land from its primitive state and making a
comfortable home in which to spend his declining
years. He is still living, making his home with
our subject, and Is smart and active for one of his
years. He lost his companion in March, 1881, she
being then sixty years old. She was a lifelong
member of the Lutheran Church, and conscien-
tiously endeavored to fulfil the duties which de-
volved upon her as wife, mother and member of
society. Her husband belongs to the same church,
and he too has endeavored to act well his part in
life.

Of the children born to Mr. and Mrs, John Hase

man we note the following: Anna married Henry
Walker, and died at the birth of her first child;
Henry married Sophia Meyer, and died leaving
four children; Carolina became the wife of Will-
iam Meyer, and died leaving four children; John,
Jr., who is now living on a farm in Will Township,
this county, married Louisa Winsenburg; Engel is
the wife of Charles Lange, a farmer iu Washington
Township; Mary is the wife of William Voltner,
and the}' occupy a farm in Lake County, Ind.;
Sophia married George Apking, who is a farmer
in Crete Township this county; Fred is the young-
est sou and child.

The latter married Mary Tluiriier, who was born
in Eagle Lake Village, December 18, 1862. She
received a good education, and acquired an excel-
lent knowledge of the domestic arts and the kindly
offices in which womanhood excels. Siie is tiie
mother of four childien, namelj': Lena, Alvina,
Alljcrt and Authy. She and her husband belong
to the Lutheran Church. Mr. Haseman, of this
notice, is a sound Republican, as are his father and
brothers.

The paternal grandparents of our subject were
John O. and Eugel (Nieders) Haseman, who spent
their entire lives in Germany. They were consis-
tent members of the Lutheran Church. The hus-
band was a shoemaker by trade, and followed that
occupation from his youth until his death, which
occurred when he was about sixty-three years of
age.

^ ^-^-^-

/OHN FAHRNER, M.D., a rising young
ph^'sician and surgeon of Joliet, obtained
his medical education in Chicago, 111., in
the Bennett Medical College, from which he
was graduated in 1882. Immediately afterward
he entered upon the practice of his profession in
Joliet, where he is rapidly building up an extensive
business. He obtained likewise -an excellent liter-
ary and classical education, with the Benedictines
of Chicago. He is a member of the Illinois Eclec-
tic Medical Society. Close application to his
studies while he had the opportunity, made him
thoroughly acijuainled with tiie duties of his chosen

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

337

calling, while he keeps himself posted upon the
inetlioils which are constantly being brought to the
iitteiition of the profession.

])r. Fahrner was born on the other side of the
Atlantic, ill the town of Marienbad, Austria, Feb-
ruary 11, 1854, and is the son of Dr. A'alentine and
Mary Ann (Tauber) Fahrner, who were of German
birth and ancestry. Valentine Fahrner, also a
[iracticiiig physician of good repute, followed his
profession in his native land several years, then
came to America, in 18.54, locating first in Chicago.
He followed his profession there until 18G8, then
returned to his native land. Finally he came back
to America and located at Mokena, 111., where he
sojourned two years. In 1871 he took up his resi-
dence in Joliet, and followed bis practice in this
city until his death, July 7, 1879. The wife and
mother had preceded her husband to the silent
land, her death occurring May 28, 1873. They
were the parents of three children only — our sub-
ject and his sister, Mrs. Lehuer, of this county;
Anna died aged twelve years.

Dr. Fahrner was married December 28, 187.5, in
.loliet, to Miss JMagdalena Kachelhoffer. Mrs.
Fahrner was born in Joliet, and by her union with
our subject there have been born seven children,
viz.: John, Pius, Angela, Walter, Alphonse, Char-
lotte and Frederick. Their home is at No. 609 North
Nicholson Street. Dr. Fahrner has his otlice at
No. 200 North Center Street.

Politically, the Doctor is a sterling Democrat,
and h"fe and his family are members of St. John's
Catholic Church.

^ UDGE SOLOMON SIMMONS. No citizen
of Plainfleld has read more extensively,
thought more deeply, or is better posted
than the gentleman above named. His judg-
ment is keen, and after ouce arriving at a conclu-
sion he is very positive, and only serious thought
and study of pros and cons will change his ideas.
Frank and open-hearted, all know the meaning of
his words and actions and respect him accordingly.
He is liberal in his religious belief, has never even

touched tobacco with his fingers and has always
been an ardent advocate of temperance and a be-
liever in prohibition, although not a third party
man.

Judge Simmons was born in Claverick. Colum-
bia County, N. Y., March 18, 1812, and is a son of
Solomon and Rebecca (Murray) Simmons. The
father was born in Germany, January 31, 1762,
and was one of nine sons and daughters born to
William Simmons and his wife. The grandparents
of our subject came to America about the time of
the Revolutionary War, and the grandfather died
in Khinebeck, Dutchess County, N. Y., at the great
age of one hundred and five years. He owned a
Tract of land there on vvhich he had been engaged
in fanning and to the same pursuit his son Solo-
mon was reared.

The father of our subject was in his teens when
he came to America with his parents, and in the
Empiie State when forty years of age he was mar-
ried. Ilis first purchase of real estate was a farm
of one hundred and twenty acres at Rhiuebeck and
upon this estate he settled after his marriage. He
purchased one hundred and thirty acres in Colum-
bia Count3- but lost it bj' a defective title. He
continued to reside in Dutchess County until 1826,
when he removed to Penfield, Monroe County,
making that his place of abode until he was re-
moved from the toils and cares of earth in Sep-
tember, 1831.

The family of Mr. and Mrs. Solomon Simmons
comprised five children, viz: Daniel and Jacob
(twins), Elizabeth, Rebecca, and Solomon, the sub-
ject of this sketch. The mother married the second
time and spent the latter years of her life in Pen-
field, breathing her last there in January, 1833.
Her father, John Murraj^, served in the Revolu-
tionary AYar and died in the service; he is believed
to have been born in Ireland.

The gentleman of whom we write was fourteen
years old when his father removed to Monroe
County, N. Y., and there he began working on a
farm at $5 per month. When sixteen years old
he became a driver on the Erie Canal, following
the tow path six months. For five years he con-
tinued in the employ of the canal company, soon
being placed in charge of a boat. lu 1833 he went

338

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

to Ohio and bought a tract of timber land in
Geauga County, near liainbridge. There he Iniilt
a log house; lie began cutting down the trees, grub-
bing out tiie stumps and otherwise preparing the
soil for cultivation. During the year he cleared
quite a tract, after whi'.'h he sold the place and
bought another whicli ah'eadj' had quite a large
cbaring upon it.

In 1836 Mr. Simmons began boating on the Ohio
Canal, but after following that occupation two
seasons again turned his attention to the improve-
ment of a farm, lu 1839 he explored the north-
ern part of IlliuoiSi purchased eighty acres in
Kane County and a claim to eigiit}- more of Gov-
crnnieut land. It was his intention to remove
hither that fall, but mone}' due him could not be
collected, and other misfortunes happening, he sold
the land and remained in Oliio until 1845. Then,
with his wife and children, he started westward,
making an overland journey to Illinois, arriving at
Plainfield September I'J. ile purchased a tract of
wild land in Dul'age Township and two years later
eighty acres of improved land near Wheatland.
To this estate he added until it amounted to two
hundred and forty acres. This he operated until
1863, when he sold it, puichasing another farm
which consisted of one hundred and ninety-two
acres and cost *.50 per acre. This valuable piece
of property was his home until 1880, w^hen he sold
it and took up his abode in Plainfield.

It will thus be seen that the persevering efforts
of Judge Simmons resulted in the accumulation of
a comfortable fortune and the ease to which he is
entitled is made possible by his finances. For a
lime he followed in the footsteps of his father and
voted the Democratic ticket, but on removing to
Illinois he joined the anti-slavery forces and has
been a Republican since the formation of the part3'.
He has filled various offices of trust, and in every
position has acted wisely and well. In 1853 he was
elected County Judge, in which capacit3' he served
one term. For six j'ears he represented Wheatland
Township on the County Board of Supervisors. In
1862 Gov. Yates appointed him enrolling officer
for Will County, and President Lincoln subse-
quently appointed him to a similar position for the
Sixth Congressional District where he superin-

tended the draft. In looking back over a long
life. Judge Simmons would no doubt see where he
has made mistakes, . s who can not, but he would
have the pleasure of realizing that his aim has ever
been toward that which is noble and that the ex-
ample of his life is one worthy to be followed.

On January 6, 1833, the rites of wedlock were
celebrated between Judge Simmons and Miss JMary,
daughter of Tifnay and Mary (Griswold) Nettle-
ton. Mrs. Simmons was born in Penfield Township,
Monroe County, N. Y., possessed many virtues and
made a happy home for her husband and children
until called from them to the land beyond. She
breathed her last April 28, 1886. deeply regretted
by a host of friends. She had borne her husliand
ten children, whose record is as follows: Oliver is
now living in Petrolia. Canada; Andrew, in Plain-
field Township, this county; IIenr3^ E. was born
January 20, 1850, and died in Kansas City in 1883,
Solomon W. is living in Joliet; Olive, the second
child, died in 18-40 when but two years old;
Maliala died in 1858; Mary married George Pickel
(see sketch); Rosetta is the wife of C. II. Carson,
M. D., of Kansas City; Louisa, wife of C. W.
Cropsey, Kansas City; Laura was the wife of Willis
Brainard, of Fairbur^', Neb. She is deceased.

g^ AMUEL FEWTRELL. Many of the mas-
ter mechanics who give tone and soliditj-
to the manufacturing industries of our
countr3' were born, reared, and educated
in their special pursuits, in bus}' England. Among
the number of such, Samuel Fewtrell, Superintend-
ent of the rail department of the Illinois Steel
Works is a notable example. Beginning at the
early age of nine 3'ears in a rolling mill in his na-
tive land, and continuing for forty years, step by-
step advancing in his chosen vocation, he has
passed through varied experiences. His busy
life is well worth recording and should inspire
others to more persistent effort. To have a pur-
pose in life and to work for its attainment is half
the battle. .

Samuel Fewtrell was born A|)ril 20, 1837, and

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

339

is a son of Joseph Fewtrell, a miner who was en-
gaged at different times in iron, stone and' coal
mines. On the 15th of November, in the year of
1858, in a large chapel in Wolverhampton, Eng-
land, he was united in marriage with Ann Biddle,
who has siiared his joys and reverses, his home and
its cheer. To them liavel)een born eight children,
sis'bf 'wfiom are living. The eldest, who was
christened Tom, is engaged in the steel worivS with
his father. Mrs. Elizabeth Ann Hewlett, Mrs. El-
len J. IMcCormick, Jessie Editli, Ada Florence and
William Henry, nre the other surviving members of
the family circle.

Tn the year 1871, attracted as thousands of others
have been, by the wonderful stories of America's
resources, possibilities and rich promises to the in-
dustrious, Mr. Fewtrell came hither, locating first
at Elmira, N. Y. Vividly does he remember his
landing in New York among strangers, with but
twenty-five cents in his pocket and seeking a new
home witli strange associations. He expended the
small sum which he possessed for stamps and |)aper
to acquaint those left behind with the fact of his
safe arrival, and making his way to Elmira, he at
once l)egan the course of perseverance that has
ever marked his life. A few months thereafter we
find him in Lockport, N. Y., and March, 1873, in
Joliet, 111.

When he arrived in this city Mr. Fewtrell had
$7 inshis pocket and a freight bill of 117 confront-
ing him. He resolutely went to work as helping
lieater in the old iron mill. When the mill shut
down in IS74, lie went to California, where he re-
mained about a year, and thence to St. Louis, Mo.,
where he worked a few months in the Tudor mills.
He next returned to Joliet, but in 1877 went to
Colorado, where he assisted in starting a mill at
Pueblo, known .as Fox's mill. He spent a few
months in the mining district, where he was in-
troduced to many new phases of life and learned
a different vocabulary from that to which he had
been accustomed. Paradoxical as is the thought, he
can now refer with pleasure to man}' unpleasant
experiences through wliich he passed.

While in England Mr. Fewtrell was never far-
ther than fort}' miles from his home, but once
breathing the free air of America, he imbibed its

spirit of restlessness to the full and in his travels
we can trace him south as far New Orleans, north to
North Dakota, and west to the Pacific, and once on a
visit back to sunny England. His wife partaking
the same spirit has three times crossed the briny
deep, each time taking with her four children. Al-
though in his native land Mr. Fewtrell h.ad received
wages of $4 per day and in New York he received
but $2.25. yet lie preferred the new home and has
never regretted becoming an American citizen.

Mr. P'ewtrell i.s a Republican in politics and so-
cially a member of the Royal Arcanum. He is an
earnest, energetic citizen, whose life affords a
bright example of what may be won by persistent,
patient effort.

<i^i-,ICHOLAS YONKER. One of the finest
I jjj farms in Florence Township is that owned
lASc^ and occupied by the gentleman above
named who has high standing as a man of per-
sonal worth and abundant means. The estate is
thoroughly improved, the buildings being unex-
celled in the township,and the two hundred and forty
acres of land made productive by the best means
known to modern husbandmen. It affords pleas-
ure to note these facts as the i-esult of persistent
zeal and unflagging industry on the part of Mr.Yon-
ker, who was a poor boy, getting his start in life
by working on a farm by the montii. When he
landed in this State in 1854, he had but $9; now
he is numbered among the wealthy agriculturists
of the county.

The stock from which Mr. Yonker traces his de-
scent was German and the famil}' had resided in
Switzerland for generations. In that famed coun-
try he was born February 2, 1833, his parents be-
ing Nicholas and Mary (Marte) Yonker, who spent
their entire lives in that, their native land. They
were the parents of six children named respect-
ively: Nicholas, Benedict, Elizabeth, Mary, Anna
Mary and Anna.

The subject of this notice was reared in liis na-
tive land, which he left on becoming of age. to try
his fortune in the United States. Coming to Illi-

340

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

nois he spent two and a half years in Mokeiia, this
county, after which lie returned to tlie land of his
birth. Ten months later he came again to America
and spent the following year in Wilmington, this
county. His next place of residence was Milton
Township, where he labored five 3'ears, going
thence to Peotonc Township for a sojourn of two
3 ears. In 186G he made settlement on section 14,
Florence Township, where he still lives surrounded
b}' the comforts to which his industry entitles him.

The marriage of Mr. Yonker and Miss Anna E.
Weyland was celebrated January 7, 1859, at the
bride's home near Wilmington. She was born in
Switzerland and is the daughter of Benedict ^^'ey-
land. Her character and attainments gain the re-
spect of those to whom she is known and man}'
friends testify to her worth. The happy union
lias resulted in the birth of eight sons and daugh-
ters, of whom we note tiie following. Albert mar-
ried Miss Isabella Gates and is the father of two
children — Alpha and Elmer; he resides with his
father and is eugage<l in farming. George and
Frederick are deceased. Mary became the wife of
William Grainmeyer, a farmer of Jackson Town-
shii), and they have one daughter — Louisa. Frank
is dead. Sarah, Anna and OIlie are still lingering
by the parental fireside.

Mr. Yonker is a Uepnblioan of the strongest
type. He and his family belong to the Evangelical
Church and endeavor to consistently carry their
Christian belief into tiieir daily practice, winning
thereby, the respect even of those who disbelieve
the grand truths of the Gospel.

ORATIO N. MARSH. This hale and vig-
|1 orous old man has spent a long business life
in Joliet, b}- whose citizens he is highly
honored and respected. He came to this
city in December, 1835, Mr. Woodruff having been
here a little longer time, but no other resident of so
early a date now living here. Although nearly
four-score years old he carries on a business in real
estate and loans, his office being in Jefferson
Street, opposite the Court House. He is a descend-

ant from the Marsh family that settled on the Con-
necticut River in 1635, gradually working up the
stream until in 1710 his immediate ancestors lo-
cated in Montague Township, opjwsite Deerfield.

On a farm there Quarius Marsh, the father of
our subject, was born and there the son also opened
his C3'cs to the light on the same farm. After
reaching man's estate, Quartus Marsh married Miss
Sarah Holt and reared a family of six children. He
was emploj'ed as a farmer, first in his native State,
and from 1828 to 1835 in Monroe County, N. Y.
The family then came to Illinois, making the jour-
ney in the customary way, by canal and lake to De-
troit, Mich., and driving the rest of the way. This
• county was not then organized, but the father set-
tled in what is now Crete Township, where he lived
until called from time to eternity in 1850. The
mother survived her companion about three years.
Of the .^ons and daughters of this worthy couple,
IMary Ann and .Jonathan died in this count}'; Ed-
win, Henry and Francis now live in Kansas.

AVhen the Marsh family came to this county
Joliet w.as a village of one hundred inhabitants.
Here the subject of this notice engaged in the cab-
inet business, having learned that trade in the Em-
pire State. He had been born in Franklin County,
Mass., November 15, 18; 2, and was therefore but
little p.ast his majority' when he began his career in
tiic city that has known him so long and well.

When the Rock Island Railroad was built in 1852,
Mr. Marsh took the position of Ticket and Freight
Agent, which he held for thirty-two years, or until
1884, when he considered himself too old for far-
ther service in that capacity. For a time he had
also transacted the express business. F'rom April,
1863 until 1866, he had been Postmaster, going out
under Johnson's administration. When he resigned
tiie position that he had held for more than a quar-
ter of a ccntur}', he embarked in the business he
now carries on, being too active in mind and bod}^
to wish to abandon the ranks of workers in some
cap.acity.

In M(<uroe Count}-, N. Y., Mr. Marsh was united
in marri.age with Miss Mary Kile of that county,
who died in 1840, leaving one son, AViiliam H. The
young man gave his life to his country's cause,
dying a soldier's death, with his face to tiie foe, in

PORTRAIT AND BIOCIRAPHICAL ALBUM.

341

front of Vicksburg, and leaving to his sorrowing
father tlic consolation that comes from a knowledge
of duty done even at the cost of life.

The second wife of our subject was in her girl-
liood Miss Mary L. Pond, she also being of Monroe
County, N. Y. The union lias been blessed by the
birth of a son, Frank E., who is representing the
Fourth Ward in the City Council. He married
Miss Jennie H. FV)stcr, a native of New York, but
whose home was in Delavan,Wis.,at the time of their
marriage. Young Marsh is a well-known grain
dealer of this city.

A man so liighly respected as Horatio N. Marsh,
could not be without opportunities to 611 a public
office and he lias served as tlie representative of the
Fourth AVard for five years. His legitimate affairs
liave been sufficient to occupy his time full^' and
politics have had but little place in liis career. He
belongs to the Presbyterian Church, his probity
and life-long iionesty are recognized by all, and his
genial nature makes him popular wherever he is
known.

El^Nf-

?^, ANIEL BAILEY and his good wife are
ji) among the oldest pioneers now living In
Will County. Coining here more than
forty years ago, they have witnessed the
great change wrought by the hand of man in
bringing it from a state of nature to its present
condition as one of the richest and most highly
developeil counties in Northern Illinois, and they
may well take pride in what they have done to
aid in producing this wonderful result. Mr. Bailey
is a farmer and stock-raiser, one of the most pros-
perous of that class of people who have had the
upbuilding of Channahon, where he has had a
home since he came to this county, and where he
has a large farm from whose broad, fertile acres
he derives a handsome income.

Mr. Bailey is a native of Pennsylvania, from
which State iiis parents took him to a new home
in the wilds of Ohio, near Cincinnati. He was
the fifth child in a family of nine, and when still
a boy he came to Illinois with his father and

mother, who located twenty-one miles west of Dan-
ville, in 1848. In 1850, our subject came to his
present place, which then comprised one hundred
and twenty acres of wild prairie, which he had
purchased of Jasper Wilson. He put that into a fine
state of cultivation by hard and persistent labor,
and in time bought more land, purchasing some canal
land and now has five hundred acres,the most of
which was bought in the raw state, and is now under
excellent improvement. Mr. Bailey is one of the sub-
stantial, moneyed men of Channahon, he having at-
tained this position by his extraordinary industry,
quick judgment, and in the judicious management
of his interests. He and his family are well known
and greatl}' respected in this community, which
has been their abiding place for so many years,
and their kindness, thoughtfulness and genial hos-
pitality, have won them a high place in the regard of
the manj' who know them. Mr. Bailey is a Dem-
ocrat in politics, but votes for the man In the lo-
cal elections.

Mr. Bailey has beeu twice married. He was
first wedded to Rebecca Boardraan. Her parents
were from the East, and Dr. A. Comstock was her
stepfather. Mrs. Bailey died, leaving one son,
Alexander. He is now living in Missouri and is
married, and has three clilldron, two sons and
one daughter.

Mr. Bailey was married to Mrs. John Brown, his
present estimable wife, forty-two j'ears ago. She
was the daughter of Ransom and Sarah Zarle}\
natives, respectively, of Ohio and Kentucky. Thej'
were among the earliest pioneers of the county,
coming from Pike County, Ohio, where Mrs.
Bailey was born. She was married when very
young to Mr. John Brown, of Onondaga Couuty,
Y. Y. Her husband came to this State with
Maj. Bourland, who had married a Miss Brown.
This was in the year of the_ land sale and he
bought land for other members of the famil3', pur-
chasing nine and one-foiirtii sections in Jaclfjon
Township. Her husband died in that place, leav-
ing her a widow with thi'ee children, Sarah,
Mary and William, who are all living in Jackson.
Sarah is the widow of Frank Dooley. She lives
near her mother and has eiglit children, five girls
and three boys. Mary is the wife of Seth Gibbon

342

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

riiirl they have three children, two sons and one
daughter. Willi.ini is married and has five chil-
dren, four sons and one daughter; he owns and
manages the old John Brown homestead, which
his fallier bought at the Government land sale so
many j'ears ago. Mrs. Bailey's marriage has been
blessed to her and our subject by the birth of two
children ; the eldest of whom is Calney, and Ella,
wife of Henry Kipp, of whom see sketch. Calney
Bailey resides on the homestead and assists his
fallier in the management of his f.irm land. He is
an enterprising, progressive, young man and is
well educated. He first attended the district
schools, and then i)ursued a fine commercial course
at Jennings Seminary. He was married in Sep-
tember. 1886, to Miss Hattie Barnes, daughter of
Malhew and Maiy J. (Purdy) Barnes, natives of
New York; tliey were married there and came
here in the winter of 1857, and still make their
home in Jackson Township.

Mrs. Bailey's parents located on a farm about
two miles southwest of Joliet, and the place is
still in the hands of the family. Mrs. Bailey can
well remember the incidents of the Sauk War when
the Indians came through this region and chased
them from their homes. This was in the spring of
the year when the settlers were putting in their
crops with their clumsv tools and ox-teams. While
thus working they received word that the Indians
were on the .war path, ami dropping their imple-
ments on the field they immediately st.irted with
their families and in ox-teams for Danville, all
the people in the county leaving excepting three
families who were foolhardy enough to stay be-
hind and were all killed by the savages, excepting
tvvo young girls who were taken captives but were
afterwards recovered from the Indians.

Among tlie families thus leaving their home were
the Scotts, Moores and Crutclierfields. Mr. /arley
and his family went as far as Iroquois, where they
met the soldiers going in pursuit of the Indians
anri they returned with them as far .as where Jol-
iet now stands, and the soldiers putting up a block
iiouse on the west side of the river, they remained
with tlieiii there for awhile. When the soldiers
were ordered to join Scott, the Zarleys returned
to Danville, and stayed there until the following

September, when all the families went back to their
homes, the men folks having gone there previously
to see that everything was all right. During their
stay in the block house in Joliet, they bad consid-
erable fun over a false alarm which was sent in to
try the soldiers, and it found them in a poor con-
dition to receive the enemy. At the time INIr. and
Mrs. Zarley put their children under the feather
bed in the wagons and told them to lie still, and
the old gentleman took his gun and awaited the
coming of the Indians. Mrs. Bailey and her sis-
ters are the only survivors of the scare who took
refuge in the block house where Joliet now stands,
she being about ten 3'ears old at the time and her
sister but a baby.

That winter the pioneers of the county suffered
with hunger as they neglected to lay in sufficient
supplies. Mr. Zarley went to Danville and got his
supplies for the winter, and his neighbors, the
Scotts, Moores, Bilsous, and others borrowed of him
with the expectation of paying back when they went
for their load, but an early snow came and pre-
vented them from going, and more severe snow
storms occurring, no one was able to get to Dan-
ville, so that provisions were very scarce. Mrs.
Bailey- says she can well remember the look of sor-
row u|)on her mother's face as she heard her chil-
dren crying for broad, almost starving. The3' had
a little corn which they pounded up and each one
was given a small allowance. The^- also had a f^w
potatoes that were baked in the ashes and distrib-
uted amongst the almost starving children, the
older ones, Mrs. Bailey and her elder brother, gen-
erously allowing the younger ones to have their
share. After that winter the i)ioneers got along
very well, as there were plent}' of deer, prairie
chickens and other game, besides fish of a super-
ior quality in the rivers, the settlers catching them
with a spear in the old days. The Poltawatomies
living in the country then were friendly and John
Zarley and his elder brother used to go hunting
and fishing with them. AVhile the war was being
waged with the Sauks, they kept track of the set-
tlers' cattle and helped to get them together on
their return, as they were nearly as afraid of the
Sauks as the whites were themselves.

The Zarleys were great Methodists going to

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

S45

meeting as often as opportunity oSerefl, often
going a long distance. Thej' made a square box
and put it on the two front wheels of an ox wagon,
in this they put two split bottom chairs and drove
to meeting behind a pair of oxen. One of llie
young ladies wlio often accompanied them to the
religious services, was a Miss Joliet Brown, for
whom tiie city of Joliet was named.

► +«+)

yjH UGUST EHRUARDT. Tiie leading mer-
Tt-ll l cantile establishment of Beecher is tiiat

]|l!) of Auc
m full lin

igust Ehrhardt. who carries a very
line of goods, well selected for the
needs of country' trade. The business was begiin
in 1880, prior t(> which time Mr. Ehrhardt had
been engaged as clerk for August Sehiffer.of Monee,
in whose employ he had gained a thorough knowl-
eclge of the business. Mr. Ehrhardt is also Post-
master, having received his appointment under
ilio present administration. He is well and favor-
ably known as a man of upright character, more
than ordinary intelligence, and an abundance of
eiu'rgy in whatever he undertakes. He is active
iu local politics, voting the Republican ticket at all
times, and his fellow-citizens have called for his
services in various local offices. He and his good
wife belong to the Lutheran Church.

Mr. Ehrhardt comes of good old German fam-
ilies, the home of both ancestral lines being in
Saxony. His father, Christoph Ehrhardt, was
reared as a farmer and after his marriage took uji
for himself that occupation. His wife was Miss
Sophia Werner, who was reared in the same neigh-
borhood as himself. To thera were born two sons
and two daughters, wath whom the\' set sail from
Bremerhaven in -Tulj-, 1854, on the sailing vessel
'•Susannah." After a tedious vo3'age of eight weeks
landing was made at Baltimore, whence the family
came to Chicago. The father chose a location in
Monee Township. Cook County, and there the fara-
il}- lived on a small farm for some years. The
parents then settled in Blue Island, where both
died, the father passing awaj- in 1872, at the age of
seventh-six years and the mother surviving until

1889, she being then sevcntj'-eight years old.
Both were life-long members of the Lutheran
Church in the tenets of which the}' reared their
children. These all survive, are married and have
families.

The subject of this sketch is the eldest member
of the parental family and was born in Saxony,
Germany, April 30, 18 40. lie received a good
education in his native land during his early boy-
hood, and after accompanying his parents to
America, attended schools in this State, acquiring
an excellent knowledge of the English language.
He was living in Will County when he became of
age anil was occupied with .agricultural pursuits
until after the breaking out of the Civil AV^ar. In
1802 he was enrolled in Company D, Eighty-second
Illinois Infantry, his company and regiment being
under the command of Capt. Miller and Col.
Hecker. He was mustered into service at Camp
Butler, and in October went to the front, first
meeting the enemy at Chancellorsville. The next
heavy engagement in which he participated was at
Gettysburg, and he afterwards bore his part in the
terrible conflicts of Lookout Mountain and Mis-
sionary Ridge. He was one of the gallant sixty
thousand who marched with Sherman from Atlanta
to the sea and back through the Carolinas to Wash-
ington, and with other members of Hecker's regi-
ment was known to officers and comrades as a
faithful and plucky soldier. He escaped injury
and was able to report for duty every day until
the last gun was fired, when he was honorably dis-
charged at Chicago and mustered out of service
at Camp Douglas. Coming at once to Monee, this
county, he began his clerkshi[), which he continued
until he established the business in which he is now
engaged.

The lady to whose fine character and housewifely'
skill Mr. Ehrhardt owes the joy and comfort of
his home life, was known in her maidenhood as
Miss Louisa Klein. She was born June 26, 1843,
in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, her parents, August
and M.adeline (Boehl) Klein, being natives of the
same province. In 1846 they left their native land
to make a home in the Xew World, sailing from
Bremerhaven accompanied by four children. After
some weeks they landed at New York City whence

t546

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

they jouniej-ed by river, eanal and lakes to Chi-
cago. Later the}' located at Blue Island, and still
later settled on a farm in Cooper's Grove, where
they remained some j'ears. They then purchased a
farm in Monee Township, Will County, where
they erected a comfortablejlwelling in which they
lived until after the death of Mrs. Klein, which
occurred when she was forty-five years old. Mr.
Kleiu subsequently went to Missouri, dying there
when about seventy -six years of age. lie and his
wife belonged to the Lutheran Church. Their
daughter, now Mrs. Ehrhardt, being scarcely more
than an infant when they crossed the briny deep,
was reared in Cook County. III., and there ob-
tained her education. Her happy union with our
subject has been blest with the birth of two chil-
,1,-en — Arthur and Carl — who have been educated
in the public schools and who are still living under
the parental roof.

As a representative citizen of Will Count\', we
are pleased to present on another page of the
ALBUM a lithographic portrait of ^Ir. Ehrhardt.

OBLE JONES. The tastes of men give
' rise to varied wants and occupations. Some
find their enjoyment in the bustle of the
busy haunts of men, and some amid the less ex-
citing scenes of rural life, while others combine
the two. The latter is the case with the subject of
this biographical notice, who spends his days
anir>ng the bulls and bears of the Chicago Board
of Trade and in the turmoil of the great cit3-, while
the hours not occupied in efforts to increase his
store of worldl}' goods are given to rural pleasures
anil domestic joys ''far from the madding crowd."
His home is in Mokena, whence he goes to Chicago
every morning, returning at night, as regularly as
clock work, never having been left in thirteen
years. For the past decade he has been a member
of the Chicago Board of Trade, and has become
llie largest receiver among the heavy dealers so
prominent there. His shrewdness is unquestioned,
and minor dealers who could get a "tip" from Noble
Jones would consider tliemselves verv fortunate.

The Jones family is of Welsh descent, and the
more immediate progenitors of our subject were
natives of New England. His grandfather, Wesley
Jones, was born in Vermont, whence he removed
to Connecticut, in which State his son Wt^sle}', the
father of our subject, was born in 1800. Tlie
same j'car the elder Jones removed to Canada,
making a settlement in Barnstone Township. County
Standstead. He owned and operated a large farm,
and the son was reared amid rural surroundings.
He learned the trade of a blacksmith, following it
in Canada until 1837, when he removed to Arca-
dia, Waj'ne Countj', N. Y., and in that town con-
tinued his occupation several j'ears. In 181-1 he
came to, Will Couutj', 111., locating in Homer Town-
ship, where he sojourned but a year ere removing
to Orland Township, Cook County. 'J'here he
purchased and improved an eighty -acre farm, upon
which he resided until his death, in 1880, engaged
in the peaceful vocation of a farmer.

The mother of our subject was Abigail, daughter
of William Barnes, and was born in Hillsboro,
ISIass. Her father, who had previously kept an
hotel in Boston, removed to Barnstone, Canada,
during her early life, and engaged in farming there.
The homes of Grandfather .lones and Grandfather
Barnes were but a mile apart, and when, in 1882,
our subject revisited his birthplace, he -was able
from the descriptions given him to locate both
places. Grandfather Barnes and his wife were
brought to Illinois in 1854, and both died at the
home of his father. Mrs. AVesley Jones was the
mother of six children, he of whom we write being
the j'oungest. Cj'rns died in New York; Wesley
is now living in Wetmore, Kan.; William is farm-
ing in Frankfort Township, this county; Wright
lives in Portland, Ore.; Abigail, Mrs. Cross, lives
in Wetmore. Kan. The mother passed away in
Mokena in 1881, at the advanced .age of eight}-
years.

Noble Jones was born in Barnstone, Canada,
November 16, 1834, and was thei'efore about three
years old when he accompanied his i)arents to
Arcadia, N. Y. The journey w.is accomplished
with a team and wagon, and during the few years
which followed the little lad enjoyed the privi-
lege of attending the common schools. The re-

PORTRAIT AJ^D BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

347

moval to Illinois taking place when he was ten
years old, is well remembered b}' him, and the ride
on the canal to Buffalo and on a steamer to Chi-
cago were enjoyed as none but a hearty boj- could
enjoy such a tri|). Tiie city wiiich is now the
scene of JNIr. .Tones' labors, presented an uninviting
appearance when the family reached it, consisting
as it did of a few unpretentious dwellings and
places of business, around which stretched the low
ground which well deserved the name of mud hole.
From Chicago the family came to Will County
wilh teams, and here our subject passed one year.

Cook County tiien became the home of the
Jones family, and our subject was obliged to
go three miles to school. The old-fasiiioned log
schoolbouse with slab benches and puncheon lloor
was the scene of his educational efforts, and the
schools were kei)t u|j by subscription. Like other
farmers" sons young Jones was early set to work,
soon presenting the appear.auce of the "barefoot
1hi\ with check of tan" who may be seen on many
M larni. When thirteen years old he began driv-
inn :i breaking team, consisting of seven yoke of
oxen. Three 3ears later he found work as a team-
ster for the Rock Island Railroad Company, which
was then putting its line to Mokena. He received
§1.25 [ler daj' for himself and team, a day's work
lieing twelve hours.

In the spring of 1852, when eighteen ^ears old,
Noble Jones and his brother Wright rigged up a
mule team and stai'ted to California. Making
their way to Council Bluffs, they joined eighteen
others in a caravan which traveled along the north
bank of the Platte River to Ft. Laramie, thence
along the North Platte, taking Sublet's Cut-off, and
tlience through the South Pass to the Golden
.State. Three times tiie train was attacked by the
Pawnees, who were very hostile at that time, and
all considered it wonderful that they escaped being
massacred. At Loupe Fork and the two follow-
ing camping places, only the bold front the}' pre-
sented to the savages i^resented so dire a catastro-
phe. As their own animals were wild, and gun-
shots woulil have stampeded them, they did not
dare shoot, but depended upon their appearance
of preparation and fearlessness, which fortunately
proved sullicicnt to save their lives. The only

weapon possessed by our subject during these try-
ing scenes was a long range ritle.

The train arrived in Sacramento seventy-tliree
days after leaving Council Piluft's, and Mr. .loncs
found work upon a farm, beginning his labors at
¥75 per month, and receiving 1:125 before he
abandoned them. His onl}' experience in mining
was during three (Lays, when he was visiting in the
mountains. After remaining on the slope two
years Mr. Jones returned via the Nicaraugua route,
the steamer "Sierra Nev.ada" carrying him from
SanF^rancisco to the Isthmus, and the "Star of the
West" lieing his home during tiie Atlantic voyage.
The last named vessel was the first l)o.at fired at
Charleston during the late war. Mr. Jones was
working on a farm six miles from Sacramento
when tiiat cit}' was burned, and also when it was
"drowned " b\- the overflow of the Sacramento
River.

]\[r. Jones completed his journej' from New
York to Mokena by rail, the road to tiie latter
place having been finished in his absence. For a
short time he carried on his father's place, then
bought eighty acres of raw land in Frankfort
Township, upon which he broke ground, made var-
ious improvements and settled down to farming.
He devoted himself to that vocation two years,
meeting with an ordinaiy degree of success, and
he then built a steam mill in 3Iokena, and for two
j-ears enga6:ed in Hour and saw milling as a member
of the firm of Cross & Jones. This venture did
not prove successful, but on the contrary swal-
lowed up all the previous earnings of Mr. Jones,
and he therefore abandoned it for another field of
labor.

In 1858 Mr. C. Rowley engaged our subject to
go with him to Pike's Peak, Colo., to start and
carry on a sawmill, agreeing to pay him *50 per
month for his services. When the two arrived at
Atchison, Kan., Mr. Rowley concluded to start
the business on the Missouri River at that point
instead of going to the destination which they had
had in view. Mr. Jones therefore became Super-
intendent of the sawmill at Atchison, having charge
of the sawing and rafting of logs and every other
detail of the business. He was joined by his wife
and child, and continued to reside in the Garden

-518

PORTUAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Stiite until 18fi;!. when he returned to Illinois.'
Fur A twelvemonth ho carried on his fatlier's farm,
and then, taking up his abode in Mokena, he began
buying grain and shipping it to Chicago. Dui ing
the next two }'cars he was fairl\- successful, and he
then opened an estaliiisbmeiit for the sale of agri-
cultural implements.

The new venture of JSIr. Jones proved to be one
in which his good judgment and business tact
foan<l room, and during the nest twelve years he
made money. He closed out his large trade at the
right time, in 1 878, and going to Chicago, engaged
in the commission business and secured a member-
ship on the Board of Trade. So successful have
been his operations that his name has become well
known to all who are interested in the working of
the lioard. His son and son-in-law are with him
as assistants, and six otlicr men are emplojed by
him in his office. His dwelling in Mokena is a
commodious one, furnisiied in a style suited to his
means and the cultured tastes of the occupants,
and sui)plied with every means for the added cul-
ture and enjoyment of the familj'.

The lad^- with whom Mr. .Tones was united in
marriage, was liorn in Solon, N. Y., and bore the
maiden name of Clarissa 15. Farley. Her father,
Benjamin Farle}-, was an earl3- settler in Lockport,
HI., following the trade of a car|)enter and joiner.
Mrs. Jones was orphaned when a j'oung girl, and
early began to make her own way as a teacher.
She was educated in Indiana, and in that State
began her wedded life, her marriage rites being
celebrated July 25, 18.5.5, in the town of West
Creek. She is a gifted and accomplished woman,
whose charming hospitality is never forgotten by
those who once enjoy it. She is the mother of six
children, of whom four survive — Charles II., the
first-born, died in 1877, at the age of twenty 3'ears;
Edward S. makes his home in Chicago, being with
his father in business; Emma married Walter'Met-
calf, and their home is in Normal Park, Cook
County ; Belle and Bertha are still at home. The
sons and daughters have bad fine advantages, and
their minds and manners do credit to the care
which has been bestowed upon them, and afford
good ground for parental pride.

Mr. Jones was i'resident of the Board of Trus-

tees at Mokena for three years and then resigned
the odiee. In 18,50 he cast a Presidential ballot
for .lolin Charles Fremont, and since that date lias
been an active sup|iorter of the Republican party.
He possesses agreealile manners, a jovial and
friendly nature, and is one of those fortunate men
who, when l)usiness hours arc over, can thoroughly
enjoy the comforts aud luxuries b}' which they are
surrounded, and the many pleasures which their
abundant means can procure. Mrs. Jones is a con-
sistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

-se^-

* i ^ - '

^^^^jEORGE W. I)UNT>AP, the son of a pioneer
flj — , of Will County, who has himself done much
^i^5i>Jj pioneer W'Ork in the improvement of his fine
farm on section 36, Wheatland Township, may well
be classed among the pioneers of this i)art of Illi-
nois. He is a native of Sullivan Count\-, N. Y.,
and was born April 3, 1845. He is a son of Wilson
and Plucba (Hollida}') Dunlap, natives of New
York State. The father's familv is of Scotch origin.

In 1853, the parents of our subject emigrated to
this county and his father farmcil here as a rentei' for
a number of years. He finally settled on a farm of
his own in DuPage Township, and subsequently
removed to Plainfield and resided there a number
of years. Later he and his wife retired from active
life to the home of his daughter, ;\trs. Albert Tyler,
of Wheatland Township, and he is still an inmate
of her household and is now in his sevent^'-sixth
year. In the month of June, 1888, his faithful
wife, who had borne with him the labors of their
early years and had shared with him the joys and
sorrows of a long wedded life, was removed from
his side by the hand of death. By that marriage
he became the father of seven children, of whom
the following four survive: Eugene, residing in
Lockport Township; Mrs. Tyler, of Wheatland
Township; Elizabeth, wife of Henry Walker, of
Iroquois Countj', and our subject. The father is a
stanch Democrat in politics.

George Dunlap, of whom we write, was a young
lad when he came to this county and here he was
reared to a stalwart manhood under the inlluenccs

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

349

of pioneer life. His education was conducted in
the district scliools of the early da3-s, and he gained
a thorough Itnowledge of farming in all its brandies
under the guidance of his father, and has ahv.a3's
followed that calliug.

In the month of August, 1862, Mr, Dunlap was
married to Mrs. Affa Eaton, widow of Henrj' Eaton,
of Wheatland Townsliip. and a daughter of J. B,
King, of DuPage Township, of whom a sketch ap-
pears in this Albuji. Of their union four children
have l)een horn, of whom three are now living:
.James W., Ida, Affa aiid Emma J. By her first mar-
riage with Henry Eaton, Mrs, Dunlap had one
daughter, Alice.

Sir, and Mrs. Dunlap are highly regarded in this
community for their great personal worth and in
their home, comfort and hospitality- aliides, Mr.
Dunlap carries on his affairs with wisdom and in
his dealings witli others is honest and fair. He is
sincei'ely religious and the Methodist Episcopal
Ctiurch fin<ls in him one of its myst consistent and
conscientious inemhcrs. His strong temperance
views shape his politics and he is identified with the
I'luhibitioii partj\ He lias served as a School Di-
rector, and all things that will in any way advance
the educational inteiests of the township or elevate
society, find favor witli him.

ILLIAM BKEDEMEYER. It would need
^. liut a casual glance over his estate, even
^ fi'om one unacquainted with the relative
value of soils and unaccustomed to farm life, to
recognize the fact that the above-named gentleman
is a thorough agriculturist. The one hundred and
sixty acres in the southwest quarter of section l.i,
Washington Township, are so well improved and
kei)t in such excellent order as to attract the atten-
tion of all passers-b}' and lead all to agree in their
verdict regarding tiie owner, !Mr, Bredemeyer was
one of the earlj- settlers in this vicinit}', but having
come to stay he put forward his best efforts to make
of his home one of the best farms in Northern
Illinois,

Before outlining the life-historj' of our subject

it will not be amiss to devote a brief space to that
of his ancestors. His grandfather, Christopher
Bredemeyer, and his father, William, Sr,, were of
old German stock and born in Algesdorf, Germany,
There father and son were engaged in farmiug, and
both were noted for their great strength and massive
frames, AVilliam Bredemeyer was over seven feel
in height and of projiortionate weight. He lived
to be more than four-score j^ears old, while his father
reached the advanced age of ninety-three years.
Both were life-long members of the Lutheran
Chuvcli. William Bredemeyer, Sr. , married a lad}'
who became the mother of two children, our subject
and his sister Mary, who lived and died in German}-.
The mother was possessed of remarkable physical
strength and a disposition and (-haracter w-(irthy of
remembrance by her posterity. When in tlie prime
of life she was stricken by a fever and after a short
illness breathed her last, leaving our subject mother-
less before he was eight years old.

The subject of this biograpical notice was born
.June 9, 1824, iu Algersdorf, (iormany, and passed
ills boyhood and youth in his native land. In 1845.
while he yet lacked some months of having leached
his majority, he left Uremerhaven on a sailing ves-
sel bound for New- York, After a voyage of six
weeks a landing was made and the young man con-
tinued his journey to Chicago, III. He spent ten
years in Cook County, always engaged in farm
labor, and at the expiration of that period obtained
from the (Government the laud which he now- owns
and occupies. A decided change has taken place
in its aspect and surroundings since he took posses-
sion of it in 1854, and the change is highly credit-
able to him who has made the desert blossom as the
rose.

In Cook County Mr, Bredemeyer made the ac-
quaintance of Miss Sophia Reesen, an industrious
and worthy young woman who was gaining a live-
lihood as a domestic. Her good qualities won his
regard, which was reciprocated and they became
man and wife, Mrs, Bredemeyer was born in
Uepen, Germany. February 17, 1827, and began to
earn her own living when quite young, having lost
her parents. In 1846, she crossed the briny deep
alone to make a home for herself in a foreign land.
She is the njother of fifteen children, three of whom

350

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

(lied in infancy and the son. Henry, at, the age of
twenty -six years. The living members of the fam-
il\- are William, Jr.. a farmer at Harnsville, Clay
County, Minn.; .lohn. who married a lady of Min-
nesota and ii living in Claj' County ; Sophia, wife
of William Heeht, a farmer of the same county;
Christoph. who is farming in the same county and
in ttiat State married a native of Saxony; Fred,
who is still at home and helps to manage the farm;
Mary, wife of .lohn Meyer, of Crown Point, Ind..
and a traveling salesman; Christ, who is unmar-
ried and working in Chicago; Louisa and Herman,
at home; Amelia, who is living in Chicago; and
Emma, at hums. All the children are self-support-
ing and inherit the industrious habits and thrifty
ways of their parents.

Mr. Hredemej-er is a believer in and a supporter
of tlie principles of the Democratic i)art}-. He and
his wife belong to the Lutheran Church.

s^^

f^ ON. AMOS SAVAGE. Few words are
needed in introducing Mr. Savage to the
.^^ people of Will County, as his name has
^ been familiar to the great portion of them
for many }'ears. He has long been identified with
the best interests of this section and has fairly
earned his title of Honorable by services in the
Illinois Legislature, where he acquitted himself
with his usual good judgment and efficiency. He
is a man of fine taltnts and that solid strength of
character which has gained him the esteem and
confidence of all with whom he has had dealings. The
friend of progress and education, he has carried
out his ideas, especially in his own family, giving
to his children the advantages which will fit them
for taking their positions in life as good and use-
ful members of the community. The home of Mr.
Savage and his surroundings indicates in a marked
manner the qualities of character which have
shown conspicuously in all the relations of life.

The subject of this notice is the offspring of ex-
cellent ancestr)', supposed to have originated in
England. His father, Deacon Levi Savage, was
born in Washington County, N. Y., Januarj' 28,

1799, and his mother, who bore the maiden name
of ^Milenda .Streetor, was a native of the same
county as her husband and less than a month his
junior, her birth taking place February "20, of the
same 3'ear. They were reared in their native
county and married atGranville. .January 27, 1822.
Soon afterward they settled in Clinton County,
that State, but onlj* remained there three jears.
returning then to Washington County where they
resided about eight years.

Jn June. 1833, the parents of ilr. .Savage came
to this county, locating near 'Joliet, where they. re-
mained until the spring of 1834. The father tlien
took up land 0.1 section 28, Homer Township,
from which he constructed a comfortable home-
stead where he sojourned until his death, which oc-
curred Fcbruar}' 14, 1885. The mother is still
living and although having arrived at the advanced
age of ninety-two years, retains her faculties to a
remarkable degree.

Deacon Savage was a man possessing strong
traits of character and was not easily turned from
his convictions when he felt assured that he was
right. He was a stanch Abolitionist, totally 0[)-
posed to the -'peculiar institution" of slaver}' and
for many years was a Deacon in the Congregational
Church. His home was the resort of nianj' noted
characters, where bis hospitality and genuine kind-
ness of heart made everj-one feel welcome and at
home. The household circle included eight chil-
dren, five of whom lived to mature years. Han-
nah W^. died unmarried when about fort}' years of
age; Helen L. was the wife of Dwight Haven, a.
sketch of whom will be found on another page in
this voluine. Emily is the wife of William H.
Lanfear of Homer Township; Edward is a resident
of Sioux Falls, S. D.; Amos, our subject, is the
youngest born. The elder children died when
quite young.

Mr. Savage of whom we write was born in what
is now Homer Township, June 18, 1836, and
therein he has spent his entire life. His bo3hood
days were unmarked by anything especially no-
ticeable, he attending the district school and as-
sisting his father in the lighter labors of the farm.
He chose agriculture for his vocation in life, as
best suited to his tastes and capacities, being

PORTKAIT BIOGRAPHICAL AND ALBUM.

351

thoroughly imbued with the sentiment that this
calling properly carried on, was second in dignity
to none on the face of the earth. He remained a
member of the parental household until his mar
liagc, which occurred at Leniont, Cook County,
this State, February 25, 1864, the bride being Miss
Mary L., daughter of Asahel and Catherine (Ged-
des") Slate.

After his return from the army the young peo-
ple commenced their wedded life togetlieron their
own farm in Homer Township, and Mr. Savage
operated successfully as a tiller of the soil while at
the same time he grew in favor with liis fellow citi-
zens, interesting himself in the enterprises calcu-
lated to promote the general good of the commun-
ity. His first public service was as Supervisor of
Homer Township, to which he was elected in
April, 1861, and which olHce he resigned in order
to proffer his services in the preservation of the
union. He enlisted as a private August 5, 1861,
in Company G, Thirtj'-ninth Illinois Infantry, and
not long afterward was given the commission of
Second Lieutenant which was succeeded July 20,
1862, by his promotion to a First Lieutenancy.
Still advancing, he was presented July 11, 1864,
with a Ca|itain's commission and served in this
capacity until October 28, following, when he was
obliged to accept his honorable discharge on ac-
count of disability. His first experience in actual
service was in repelling the raid of Stonewall Jack-
son upon the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, in Janu-
ary, 1862, where one hundred men of tl.e Thirty-
ninth successfully resisted the attack of two rebel
regiments, the Third Arkansas and Thirty seventh
^'irginia. He was also at the battle of Wineliester,
(Hearnstown) March 23, 1.SG2, where the favorite
chieftain of the rebellion was driven from the field
with the loss of guns and many prisoners. He ^\fls
sent with his command to join the Arm^- of the
Potomac at the time of tbe '-seven days' fight";
was in the expedition agai.'ist Charlestown and
engaged in the siege of that city from April to
December, of 1863, and led his company over the
parapet of Ft. Wagner.

Mr. Savage, in 1864, was in the campaign against
Richmond, in the Army of tiie James, leaving the
front only when disabled and when his regiment

had been reduced by the casualties of battle and
bj' disease, from a total of seven hundred and fifty,
to about one hundred and fifty men in the short
space of two months. Upon receiving his discharge
he retui'ned to his farming interests in Homer Town-
shii), but has never laid aside any of his patriotism
or his activity in assisting the projects set on foot
foi- the Ijeriefit of the people. He has taken an
active part in [lolitical affairs and it is hardly nec-
essary to state is a stanch supporter of the Repub-
lican party. He has been for many years a prom-
inent member of Gooding Post, No. 401, G. A.
R. and was once elected to the commandership,
but declined. He is independent in his religious
views, a man who does his own thinking, who
seeks to force his opinions upon none, but who
abides by his convictions with the natural tenacity
and strength of his character.

For over a (juarter of a century and since No-
vember, 1864, Mr. Savage has served continuously
as Township Treasurer. His leisure hours have
been employed with instructive reading, and few
men not following the profession of law arc bet-
ter acquainted with its underlying principles. His
council is frequently sought in matters of impor-
tance and largely in the settlement of estates with
which he is often entrusted. In 1860, he took the
stump for Abraham Lincoln, in AVill and DuPage
Counties, rendering signal service in behalf of the
Republican candidate for President. In 1867, he
was appointed to fill a vacancy as Supervisor of
Homer Township, and from that time was contin-
uously elected to the office until 1872, when he
withdrew to take his seat in the legislature. He
was Chairman of the Board of Supervisors for two
years and otherwise rendered efficient service
in the various mattei-s which were constantly
coming up for consideration. Mr. Savage has
taken an active part in every Presidential cam-
paign since 1864. During his eight separate elec-
tions as Township Su|)ervisor, he was placed in
office five times without a single dissenting voice.
He was elected to the State Board of Equaliza-
tion in 1876, and served eight years.

Notwithstanding his public services, Mr. Sav-
age has distinguished himself as a progressive far-
i mer and hag invested a large portion of his cap-

352

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

ital in valuable himl.s, owning three hundred and
sixt3'-four acres in this county, besides land in
Dakota. He makes a specialty of live stock, buj--
ing and .selling extensively and utilizing a large
portion of his farm in Homer Township for feed-
ing purposes. He is a prominent member of the
Old Settlers Association of this county. His domes-
tic life furnishes a picture ple.asant. to contemplate,
with his family of intelligent children growing up
around him and ocmpyiug honored positions in
society. Tlie eldest daughter, Helen E., was boru
December b, 1864, and is the wife of Frank A.
Rowley, of Homer Township; Frank M., was born
.hily r.l, 1867, and married Miss Emma Ilalej' of
Homer Townsliip; John H., was born June 25,
1870. and is pursuing his studies in the Englewood
Higli Sciiool; Williard A., was born September 14,
1872, and Mary A.. May 13, 1874. The two
jounger children aie at home with their parents.
Tlie parents of !Mrs. Savage died in South Car-
olina when she was quite young. Her father was
born in New England and her mother in New
York State. Mrs. Savage was born near George-
town, S. C, June 22, 1837. and cauie to Illinois in
1851.

^ PC o .

,ANIEL FIDUYMENT. It is a ple.nsure to
gaze upon the varied landscape that com-
prises the beautiful farm of this gentleman,
and to note the care with which every detail of its
management is overseen, the natural features of
hill and valley being unmarred by neglected build-
ings, tumble-down fences or unsightly fields. The
estate comprises one hundred and uinet^'-two acres
of land that is well adapted for stock-raising, and
in that branch of agriculture Jlr. Fiddymeut is
quite extensively engaged.

The i)arents of our subject, William and Hannah
(Kuivelt) Fiddymeut, were natives of "Merrie
Euglaud,"and there their son was also born, his na-
tal day being October 6, 1838. The parental family
consisted of three sons and one daughter, and they
were reared upon a farm, the father being a tiller
of the soil. In 1859 they determined to cross the
brin}- deep and seek a better opening for their en-

ergies in the United States. Bidding adieu to the
land of their birth, they re.ached New York after
an ocean voyage of seven weeks, and came to Lock-
port, 111., by water, traversing the Hudson River,
Erie Canal, Great Lakes, and Illinois and Mii:higan
Canal.

For some time the elder Mr. Fiddymeut was en-
gaged in the business of distilling, but he finallj-
settled on the homestead now occupied by his
widow and her son Daniel. He of whom we write
began his personal career as a farmer, and has ever
continued in the vocation to which his early sur-
roundings and tastes led him. That it is one
to which he is adapted l)y nature, no one will
doubt who visits his pleasant and remunerative
farm. The reputation that he bears among the
tillers of the soil of this vicinity is that of an able
agriculturist and an honest man, and this is agreed
to by all who know him.

An important step in the life of Mr. Fidd3-nient
was his marriage, in 1861, to Miss Margaret Wads-
worth, a native of Vermont. This lady possesses
the strict integrity and regard for duty that char-
acterize the New England women, and with it the
housewifel}' skill and kindliness to those in need of
attention that are also prominent traits in their
character. The union has been blessed by the
birth of five children, but three have been removed
by the Angel of Death. The survivors — Olive and
Daniel — yet linger at the family fireside.

Perhaps the most remarkable feature in a life
marked bj* uprightness and strict attention to his
personal afifairs, is the fact tluat Mr. Fiddyment has
never been engaged in a lawsuit, either as princi-
pal or witness. His wife belongs to the Methodist
Episcopal Church, at Lockport. and is numbered
among the reliable members.

A fine view of the home of our subject and its
surroundings, will be found on the opposite page.

^: OSEPII KAPS. Among the citizens of for-
eign birth, residents of Plainfield Township,
who have been factors in promoting its
farn)ing interests and by sheer force of per-
sistent and intelligent labor have placed themselves

, '*%^' '^'?'^w-?'^^^^^^'^fe

'#*c^ -ji^'

i'ii^siaiiSS^t^,-

- <,Aas.Sa»^fc

Residence of Joseph Kaps , Sec28. PlainfieldTp.Will Co.Ill.

Jjfefe,febB.V---

Residence of Mrs. Hannah Fiddyment, Sec.I.LockportTp.Will Co.Ill.

PORTRAIT AND BJOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

355

among the most sulistantial memheis of the com-
munity, is the subject of tliis biographical review,
and his farm is one of the finest and Ijest managed
in tliis vicinity. lie w.as liorn in Slileisien, Germany,
near the bounilary line lietween tliat kingilom anil
Poland, his birth taking place ()ctol)er 1. 1831.
His father, Christopher Kaps, was a native of the
same place, while his father, whose given name
was John Michael, was born in Austria. After at-
taining manhood the latter crossed the border and
became a citizen of Germany, and there married
and reared a family, spending the reit of his days
there as a farmer. The father of our subject
learned the trade of a weaver and followed that
occupation besides tilling the little plot of eight
acres of land that he owned. He resided in his
native place until 1854, and in that year with his
wife and two sons started for this land of i)romise,
setting sail Novemlier 10, from Bremen in the sail-
ing vessel "Alfred" and landing December 25, on
the shores of America. He located in Cleveland,
Gswego County. >«'. Y., and was a resident of that
place till .Inly, 1855. In that month he came to
Illinois and located in Aurora. Kane County, and
lived there ten years. At the expiration of that
time he came to Will County and spent his last
years in the town of Troy, dying there in 1875.
The mother of our suliject departed this life in
1872. The father was twice married and reared
two daughters bj' his first niarri.age, Hilary coming
to America and dying here subsequently unmar-
ried. There were four children of the second
marriage, two of whom were reared to years of
maturity, our subject and his brother .lohn. The
latter settled in Troy and later iu Plainfield, where
he died unmarried.

.Joseph Kaps attended school steadily until four-
teen years of age and acquired a sound education.
He then took up farming as his life work, carrying
it on in the land of his birth till 1854. That ^-ear
maiked a turning point in his life as it was then he
emigrated to this country. He started out in a
foreign land with uo other capital than with which
natuie provided him and he first made money by
working for others. He was thus engaged for four
years, and then rented land and in 1867 made his
first purchase of eighty acres of wild prairie in

Tro3', this county. He greatly improved the land
and tilled the soil there until 18S0. wlicn he sold it
at a good advance and purchased his present place
of residence on section 28, Plainlield Township,
three miles from the village, seven and one-half
miles from Joliel, the farm being beautifully lo-
cated on the banks of the DuPage River. It com-
prises two hundred and fifty-one acres of land of
unsurj)assed fertility and productiveness. He has
it under the best of cultivation and has erected
coiumodious buildings and lias it amply provided
with all the conveniences for carrying on agricul-
ture to the best advantage.

The prosperity of our subject is due in a measure
to the fact that he has been assisted in his labors bj'
the active co-operation of a capalile wife to whom
he was united in marriage in 1865. Her maiden
name was Mary Seipolt and she was born in Ger-
many, and came to America with her parents, Jo
seph and Mary M. Seipolt. Their pleasant home
circle is completed, by the seven children born to
them: Matilda, Mary, Francis, Henry, Joseph,
Clara and John. The family are members in high
standing of St. John's Catholic Church.

It ma}' be seen from the perusal of this sketch
that all that our subject has and is he owes to him-
self, that he is in fact a self-made man. He is well
endowed with decision of char.acter, tenacity of
purpose, and an active mind, and these with his in-
herent capacit}' and traits of thrift and sagacity
have pushed him on to success in his calling and
the accjnirement of a desirable property. He is
alive to the value of a good education and gives
his children advantages in that direction. A man
of his standing is a good citizen and is a help to
any community.

The ple.asant home and fertile fields belonging to
our subject are well represented in the accompany-
ing lithographic view.

^ RANKLIN E. BARBER was born in this
a^ county in pioneer times, coming of a good
/ll, old pioneer familj', and, reared to a stal-

wart, enterprising manhood, under the peculiar in-
fluences that obtained here in the days of hig

356

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

youths he stepped to the front to take his p.-ut in
the great work of redeeming this section of llu-
countrj' from its primitive vvildness, and has ever
since borne an honc)rable part in sustaining and
pushing forward its extensive agricultural interests
as an active farmer and slock-raiscr in DiiPage
Township.

Tiie suliject of this notice was horn in this
county. August 25, 1835. lie was a son of John
and Emma (Perry) Barber, natives respectivel}' of
N'ermont and Massachusetts. In 1832 they emi-
grated from New England with their family to
this part of Illinois, and Mr. Barber bought lantl
in tliis townsliii), on section 2, when the (iovern-
meut sale took place, purchasing both Government
and canal land, paying >?\.'25 for the former and a
higher price for the latter. His land consisted of
prairie and timber, and he turned the first furrow
and erected a log house and log barn, making a
dwelling of the former for a number of 3ears.
He resided here till his death, December 19, 1870,
which removed from our midst a representative
[lioneer and a highly honorable useful citizen.
The mother of our subject had preceded him in
death, dying on May 2, 1874. They were the par-
ents of a large family' of children, of whom four
are known to survive, namel}': Royal E., of .loliel;
Caroline, wife of L. B.Anderson, of Michigan;
.lane, wife of Milton Elsworth, of Wheaton ; and
Franklin E. The father was a man of consider-
able prominence in the count}', and served for a
time as Deputy Sheriff. He was in early life a
Whig, but he afterward cast in his fortune with the
Kepublican party. He was successful in life, liuau-
ciall}', and left a comfortal)le estate. Like all pio-
neers, his earlj' life here was one of sacrifice and
often of privation.

The subject of this biographical review was
reared in this townshi[), and received the [nelimi-
naries of his education in the local schools, and
subsecjuently attended the High School at .lolict
for a shoi't time. Since then he has advanced his
education by observation and by reading, as lie is
a great lover of good books. He was trained to
ihe life of a farmer, atid obtained a sound. i)rac-
tical knowledge of his calling, which he still pur-
sues very profitably. He owns over two hundre(l

acres of excellent farming land, which is well cul-
tivated and yields large harvests, and is amply
provided with substantial buildings for every [lur-
pose.

To the one to whom he owes so much of the
comfort and eoziness of a good home, be was united
in marriage September 2, 1807, the maiden name of
his bride being Adelaide \alentine. They have
five children, namely: Emma, wife of C. H. Tot-
son; Etla F., Edward, .Jessie and F'rankie.

Mr. Barber bears u fine reputation in his old
home as being a practical man. of .standi jirinciijles
and stability of purpose, whose word is never
doubted; one in whom his neighbors place im-
plicit trust, who, in short, is a credit to his native
county and is bearing worthily the mantle of his
pioneer sire. Ho has been Townshi|) Clerk, and
has held the office of Constable. Politicallj-, he is
classed with the most earnest supporters of the Re-
publican party. Religiously, he and his wife are
Presbyterians, strong in the faith, and are among
the most zealous members of the church of that
denomination in this place.

"^OHN CAVANAUGH. The estate which
this gentleman has secured is a monument
to his ability as an agriculturist, and a con-
elusive proof that persistent effort will be
rewarded. It comprises three hundred and
eighty-eight acres on section 35, Jackson Town-
ship, and it needs but a glance to assure the
passer-l)y that here comfort abounds, while thrift
is seen in every detail of the work which is car-
ried on. The estate is thoroughly improved, the
buildings being especially noticeable for their size,
number and convenience.

In County Sligo, Ireland, about 1829, John
Cavanaugh opened his e3'es to the light, and in
the F^merald Isle he remained until lie was almost
twenty years old. He then went to F^ngland,
where he remained until the fall of 1851, when he
determined to seek a wider field for his energies in
the land across the sea. Taking passage for
America he landed iu New York, whence he went

PORTRAIT AND lilOGRAPHIOAL ALBUM.

357

to Albany, sojourning in that city three or four
months. He then tooii up his residence in tiie
western part of tiio Km pile State, making Herki-
mer County his home for some two years. His
next removal was to Will County, HI., where he
has since hecn a resident, and where he has de-
voted his attention to agriculture.

One of the most important events in the life ot
Mr. Cavanaugh was his choice of a companion, and
he has no leason to regret his selection. His wife
bore tlu' maiden name of Kai.e >Iahcr, and was
born in County Kilkenny, Ireland, November 15,
1838. .She was about twenty-three years old
when she left her native isle for America, and at
the time ot her marriage she was living in Wil-
mington, this county. The family of Mr. and
Mrs. Cavanaugh includes ten living children and
two deceased. The latter are James E. and
Malhew;- the survivors are Willi;>m, Michael,
Thomas P., (ieorge, Edward, Mary, Lizzie, Mag-
gie J., Julia and Katie A.

The active intellect and quick wit which are
proverbial to natives of the Emerald Isle are not
lacking in our subject and his estimable wife, anti
the religious element of their characters is salislied
with the worship of the Catholic Church, in the
faith of which they are devout believers. Mr.
Cavanaugh has been Commissioner of Highways,
taking the interest which all dwellers in the coun-
tr}- should in the improvement of the roads.

IIARLE.S lloLZ. This gentleman is num-
bered among the leading citizens of Beecher,
and indeed of Washington Township, of
which he has been Clerk for sixteen j'ears. He
has held other local offices and has a high reputa-
tion as an efHcient public servant, and he is like-
wise regarded .as one of the most successful far-
mers of this part of the county. He owns a line
estate of one hundred and twenty acres near the
village and an excellent residence which he occu-
pies within the limits.

Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Germany, claims Mr.
Holz as one of her sons and that duchy w.as the

ancestral home for generations. Henry Holz, the
father of our suliject, was a slioeinakcr who fol-
lowed his trade in the Fatherland until 1858, when
with his wife and family he emigrated to America.
They sailed from Iltunburg to New York on the
••North America" which made the passage in thirty-
five days. The family journeyed direct to Chi-
cago, 111., and thence to Du Page County, from
which the parents subsccpiently returned to Cook
County, locating in Proviso Township. There
the father die(l. July 21, 1878, in the sixty-seventh
year of his .age. He was a Re()ublican, a member
of the Lutheran Church, and a good man who
was respected by all who knew him. His wife,
Mary (Miller) Holz, came to Will County after
his death and died at the home of our subject in
the winter of 188(;. She w.as then seventy-three
years old. She was a life-long member of the
Lutheran Church and w.as a devoted mother, lov-
ing companion, and excellent neighbor.

The parental family consisted of two sons and
four daughters, the subject of this sketch being
the second in order of birth. He was boru No-
vember 29, 1827, and. was nearly of .age when his
parents came to this country'. He reached his
majority in Du Page County where he continued
to make his home until 1865, being occupied as a
farmer and an imiirover of lands. Upon leaving
that county he took up his abode near Beecher and
here he has gained a competence and secured an
excellent reputation. In his early life he learned
the trade of a shoemaker, but he has not followed
it since he came to America.

The estimable wife of Mr. Holz was known iu
her maidenhood as Minnie Oelerking. Their mar-
riage rites were celebrated in Cook County and
neither has h.ad cause to regret the union. Mrs.
Holz was born in Hanover. Germany, January 9,
1842, received a good education in the laud of her
birth, .and was so instructed by her good parents
as to grow to womanhood possessed of a fine char-
acter and much useful domestic knowledge. She
was nineteen years old when her parents came to
this country and she lived in Du Page County
until her marriage. Her union with our subject
has been a childless one but they have become the
foster parents of three children: Henry died whet)

358

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

seven years old; Louisa and Rosa are still with
their foster parents, undn- whusc cari- and traininu
Uit'v liave liecu well reared and eduealed in Lutli
Knglisl) and (iornian schools. Mr. and Mrs. Holz
and the daughters belong to the Lutheran Church
and have many friends among tlieir associate mem-
bers, as well as in all circles in which they move.
Tlie parents of IShs. IIolz were Henry and
Sophia (Hartmann) Oelerking, wiio were born
reared and married in tlie Kingdom uf Hanover.
'I'lie father followed tlie business of buying u|)
butter, eggs, chickens, etc., and selling tlieni in tlie
larger cities, doing in this way a tine commission
trade. One son and live daugliters were born to
the good couiilo before they emigrated to Amer-
ica. They sailed from Bremcrhaveu in 1860,
landing in New York seven weeks later, and com-
ing at once to the Prairie State, took up their
abode on a farm, in l)n Page County. There the
parents lived for some years, but subsequently
became residents of Beecher. Here Mr. Oelerking
died in October, 1872, at the age of sixty three
years. He was an honest, hardworking man, a
good Pepultlican in politics, and a sound member
of the Lutheran Church. His widow survived
him several years, breathing her last May 21, 187(;.
She was a good mother, and a kind-hearted neigh-
bor, ever ready to assist those in need. With one
exception the members of the parental household
are still living.

-^Hf#^^4-'-J--

ORRANCE DIBKLL. One fundamental
idea has been retained as a common basis
for the principal forms of Government.
In the theocracy, the patriarchal system,
a.id the democracy, the principle that the judiciary
stands first in importance, has ever been recognized,
and, as a logical sequence, to be chosen to diEcharge
that function carries with it a signal honor. Dor-
ranee Dibell was invested with this dignitj- b}' be-
ing elected, on the 3d of November, 1885, Judge
of the Ninth .ludicial Circuit, consisting of Will,
Grund}', LaSalle and Bureau Counties. Born Feb-
ruary 16, 1844, he was fortj'-one years of age at

the time of his election, thus being the youngest
of tliost' who have been called to tliat oflice in the
circuit mentioned.

.hidge Dibell is the son of tlie Kev. .1. I!. Dibell.
a native of Kingsville, Ashtabula County'. Ohio,
and Louisa (Ward) Dibell, whose birthplace was
Kllington, Tolland County, Conn. His own birth-
|)lace was Wooster, Wayne County, Ohio. His
parents lived in Homer and New Lenox Townships,
Will County, 111., from 18.)0. The father was a
Baiitist minister whose sacred calling was termin-
ated by death September 10, 1885. His thirtj-'five
years of ministration in this county are rich in
tributes to his faithfulness in the service of his di-
vine Master. After his death the mother, with her
daughter, .lulia Louisa, took up her abode with her
son Dorrance, in Joliet, where she resided until her
death October 17, 1885. The daughter Julia was
killed by the cars in that city September 20, 1889.

Judge Dibell was ;i lad of but six years when his
parents settled in the Prairie State and he grew to
manhood on his father's farm, attending the public
schools in boyhood and subsequently prosecuting
his studies in the University of Chicago; beginning
his personal career as a teacher he was afterward
employed as a telegraph operator at Racine, Wis.,
and Wheatland and DeWitt, Iowa. At the latter
[ilace he began the stud^' of law with the Hon.
John C. Policy, further pursuing his professional
researches with Messrs. (Joodspeed. Snapp A- Knox
and Parks & Hill, all of Joliet.

On the 23d of August, 1.S70, the young student
was admitted to the bar and formed a partnership
with the Hon. Charles A. Hill, now member of Con-
gress from the Eighth District. The firm name was
Ilillcfe Dibell, and the connection begun September
3, 1870, was not dissolved until November 13,
1 880, when tlu; election of Mr. Dibell to the bench
severed the oldest law iiartncrship in the county.
The firiii enjoyed a large and im|)ortant practice,
both members holding high positions among the
legal fraternity on account of their .acumen and
their skill in coiulucting cases.

During the years of his active pr.actice Judge Dil)-
ell was a member of the Cit}' Council, and assisted
in establishing a great number of the best improve-
ments of the cit}'. He was in the council when the

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

359

chanjje was made from the special charter to incor-
poration under tlie general law. Tlie first jiulicial
liTiii of the Judge is drawing to a close and it is
well within bounds to say that his record will stand
with the purest and ablest.

One wiio has Unown .Tudge Dilicll long and iiiti-
inalcly .says of him: '-Judge ];)ibcll is ;i hirgc-
liiahu'd, broad-minded, generous-spirited iiinn, who
commands the affectionate esteem and conlidence
of all who know him. Like most students, he is
not ill any sense a society man. I>ut his equable
temper and. aniial)le disposition have made him a
prime favorite with his neighbors and friends.
The exacting demands and large requirements of
ids profession have not dulled his taste for general
literature. He has gathered a large and valuable
uiisoellaneous library, not for ornamenl, but for
his own use and enjoyment. The gre.at poets and
dramatists are represented there, and the specialists
of science, philosophy and political economy, have
not l)een neglected nor overlooked. Even tliool-
ogy is not excluded, as is too frequently the case
among lawyers. In short, to legal learning he .adds
a cultivated taste and a large store of geuei-al in-
formation."

The marriage of Judge Dibell and !\Iiss Sarah I\L
.Siiapp was celebrated in 1872. The chosen com-
panion of our suliject is the eldest daughter of the
lion. Henry Snapp, at the time of her marriage
representing this district in Congress. The only
living child of Mr. and Mrs. Dibell is Charles Dor-
ranee, who was born March H), 1S7.5. Not only is
Mrs. Dibell devoted to the interests of her home
but she has the culture and disjiosition that wins
friends, and her place in society' is an assured one.

-^^

-H-

EBENEZER C. STEPHEN. The man who
has a brain tx) conceive and a hand to per-
form various kinds of handicraft, may well
l)e gratefully proud of his ability to add to the
means iiy which others can increase their conven-
iences or opportunities. The gentleman with whose
name we introduce this notice comes of a family in
which the mechanical talent is conspicuous, several

members having shown high degrei ^ of skill in va-
rious lines of construction. Ills Grandfather Gar-
den was a mill, cart and plow wright, and his
Grandfather Stephen was also a first-class mechanic.
So, loo, was his father, Josejih Stephen, although
the latter studied for the ministry and devoted
himself to the cause of the MastjCr during .a great
part of his life. A fuller account of the lives of
Joseph Stephen and his wife, Jane (Garden) Ste-
phen, will be found in the sketch of David S. Ste-
phen on another page in this Album.

The subject of this notice was born in Aberdeen-
shire, Scotland, July 25, 18:58, and accompanied
his parents to America in 1813. The voyage and
journe}- to Northern Illinois are recorded in the
sketch of his brother David, and it is unnecessary
to reiieat them here. The lad was reared up(m the
farm until 186.3, having the advantages of the
common schools, and when a very young man
taught for one terra in Green Garden Township.
He inherited the mechanical skill of his ancestors,
and without having tc> serve an apprenticeship was
able to do almost an3'thing in mechanics.

In 1863 Mr. Stephen opened a machine and re-
pair shop in partnership with his brother, David S.,
and has continued in the business for twenty seven
years. The fraternal connection was finall}' dis-
solved in 1889 and our subject has now the bulk of
the old business. He is proprietor of a .saw, plan-
ing and feed mill in Frankfort and does .all kinds
of general woodwork, repairing and manufacturing.
He also deals in farm implements and machinery
and in hard-wood lumber and coal. He has a fine
set of m.achinery and tools, and the reputation
which he has earned as a Hrst-cla.ss mechanic is well
deserved. The buildings which he occupies were
erected by himself and are situated upon a five-
acre tract of land owned by him. He also owns a
cozj' residence.

AVhen a young man, Mr. Stephen learned the
rudiments of farming and was actively eng.aged in
it, .acquiring in this wa}' a practical knowledge of
all that pertains to agricultural life. Such was his
taste and natural ability that while te.aching he
spent Saturdays working in the shop and was able
to wood two plows per day, thus making $7. Such
industrj' and zeal merited the smiles of Dame For-

360

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

tune, and it is a pleasui-e to his friends to know
that lie has gained a comfortable financial standing.
Mr. Stephen has no political aspirations, preferring
the quiet of his home to the tumult of public life,
but is ever ready to use his influence and deposit
his vote in favor of Republicunisra.

The marriage rites of Mr. .Stephen and iliss
Emma .1. Iloupt were celebrated in Frankfort,
December .M. 1!S67. The charming bride w,as born
in EHiughain C'ountj-, Mich., .and well educated bj-
worth}- parents. The latter were early settlers in
Jackson, Miili., where they located in 1836. The
union of Mr. and IVIrs. Stephen has been blessed
by the birth of five children: George G. is a me-
chanic and engaged with his father; Ida M. is a
graduate of the F'rauk fort schools and now teaching
at Hadley, Homer Township, having begun her
professional laliors when but sixteen 3'ears old ; Jo-
seph A. is deceased ; Robert E. and John O. are
still at home and unoccupied, except in useful
stiidies and pursuits.

^^-^ EORGE W. FLAGG. The family name
III —^ of this gentleman will ever be held in rever-
'\^j(j euce in Will County as that of one of its
early pioneers, who w.is for many years promi-
nentlj- connected with its interests, and of great
assistance in developing its resources and laying
the solid foundation of the prosperity that it en-
j lys to day. And it is with pleasure that we place
before the readers of this volume a review of his
life and of that of his honored representative of
the present. The latter, a native of the county, is
now one of its leading agriculturists, owning and
successful!}' managing a large and valuable farm
in Lockport and DuPage Townships, where he has
a fine residence and enjoys all the comforts and
luxuries of life. He was au officer in the late war
and did gallant service with his regiment until ill
health compelled him to resign his eouimission and
retire to private life, taking with him the respect
of his fellow officers and the men who served un-
der him.

Mr. Flagg was born in Plaiufield Township,

July 25, 1837. Reuben Flagg, his father, was a
native of New Hampshire. Groton, in Grafton
County, being the place of his birth. He was
there bred to the life of a farmer, and thence
went to Vermont when a young man and there was
engaged in the eoojier's tr.ade. Two }'ears later he
made his way to lialtimore, Md., where he ac-
quired the trade of a stone-mason. After two
3'ears stay in that city he returned to Vermont and
at one time worked as a stone-mason in Boston.
In 1830, he came to Illinois, traveling by Lake
Cbamplain. Ciianiplain A- Erie Canal to Buffalo,
and from thence bj- the lakes to Chicago. That
city was then composed of two log houses and
Indian huts, and there was a trading post there.
The captain of the boat wanted him to build a
warehouse, thinking it might come in use, though
no one else seemed to agree with him. Our sub-
ject's father did not like that section of the country,
as he thought it too swampy for farming purposes,
and he hired a team to take him to Walker's Grove,
a little below the present site of Plainfleld. At that
time there were l>ul three families living in the
vicinity, and where Plainfield and Joliet now are
there was not a house, and Will County then
formed a part of Cook County. All the land was
open for settlement and he h.ad his choice in mil-
lions of acres, and as he was told he could not live
on the prairie he claimed a tract of timlier in the
northeastern quarter of section 20, of what is now
Plainfield Township. At that time deer and all
kinds of wild game were plenty, which was for-
tunate for the earl}' settlers as bread stuflfs were
scarce, the nearest flour-mill being in Indiana. Mr.
Flagg's settlement was made there before the
Black Hawk War and there were frequent Indian
scares, therefore, the handful of settlers l)uilt a
stockade of logs and all gathered in it, and atone
time lived there three months, the men taking their
guns to the field to be ready for the enemy at a
minute's warning. Once it was thought the In-
dians were going to make a raid and all the set-
tlers here went to Ft. Dearborn and stayed there a
few days until it was thought safe to return to
their homes. Mr. Flagg built a log cabin on his
farm and commenced its clearance. Soon after
coming here he took a contract to build the race

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

361

for Walker's mills in which was sawed the lumber
to build tbe I'vst frame iiouse ever erected in
Chicago, and Mr. Flagg drew it there with an ox
team. After residing on that claim a short time
lie sold it and tooix up a tract of prairie land on sec-
tion 10, and ;it once began tlie work of improve-
ment, lie first built a log cabin for the accom-
modation of liis family and afterward erected a
more sidistantial residence, and at the time of ids
death had improved a valuable farm.

November 0, 18G9, this wortliy and liigldy re-
spected pioneer, departed this life. Tlie maiden
name of tlie wife who shared his labors and en-
abled him to attain success in life was Betsey Ken-
dall. Slie was l)orn in Hebron, Grafton County,
N. H., April G, 1805. Her father, .lohn W. Ken-
dall, was formerly a resident of Hollis. N. II. and
removed thence to Hebron, where he bouglit
a farm, and besides carrying on agriculture he
worked at liis trade of a cooiier in that place un-
til his death. Tlie maiden name of his wife was
Betsey Flanders and she was also of New Hampshire
origin, and there spent her entire life,d3'ing on
the home farm in Hebron. Mrs. Flagg's death oc-
curred February 2.5, 1872. She was the mother
of eleven children, as follow's: John W. K., .Sarah
E., Samantha.l'rudcnce, Frank, George W., Lorain,
llenr\, William II.. Mary and Lucy. Samanlha
was the first white child born in this county, and
she died here February 25, 1872, aged forty-one
\ ears .and five months. In his early life Mr.
Flagg was a follower of the Whig party, but later
identified himself with the Republican at the time
of its organization and remained true to the party
until his death. He was distinguished as being the
first Justice of the Peace ever elected here. Judge
Caton being his o|)ponent.

Following is an item pul>lished in the Chicago
y/z/c's after Mr. Flagg's death, which is of interest
and importance. "In the winter of 1831, the
Methodist circuit riders of the great west held a
conference in the settlement of Chicago, and
among the other supplies contributed to their com-
fort during their session was a dressed hog from
the old town of Plainfield, in Will County, thirty-
six miles south-west of the place of meeting. This
animal was the property of Reuben Flagg, a good

farmer residing near Plainfield, who has recently
passed away. He started with the dressed hog on
a sled .and succeeded in getting lost, somewhere
just outside the present city limits. Not arriving
in time a delegation of ministers w.os sent out from
the conference to find him. This they were for-
tunate enough to do, all lioing much rejoiced, it is
said, at the sight of the wandering farmer and
especia^y of the fat porker on the sled. Now the
question is whetluu- this dressed hog shipped from
Plainfield to Chicago in 1831, is not the first ship-
ment of the article to this market on record, the
initiatory arrival of a product which in 1874, .ag-
gregated two million, five hundred and twenty-
eight thousand, one hundred eight head."

George W. Fl.agg, of whom these lines are writ-
ten was reared on a farm and e<lucated in the dis-
trict schools, of this his native county. He early
displayed the patriotism that made him a good sol-
dier and before the war became a nieuiber of the
Plainfield Light Artillery, and at the time of the
first call for troops, in April, 1861, he was .Second
Lieut Miant of his company, which offered its ser-
vices to the government and was sent to Cairo,
and was there organized as Company K, Tenth
Illinois Infantry, and mustered in for three months.
Our subject served until the expiration of his
term of enlistment, and in September, IHGl, again
volunteere<l for the defeiice of his countiy, enlist-
ing in Conii)any K, Eighth Illinois Cavalry, and
was mustered in as .Second Lieutenant. He was
with his regiment until 18G2, when he resigned on
account of ill health and returned homo to resume
farming OB section 31 , of I)u Page Township and
lived there until 1872. In that year, as bis health
was not good, he went to Greeley, Col., and there
engaged in livestock business for five years. At the
expiration of that time he returned to Will Count}'
and has since been engaged in agricultural pursuits
here. He owns five hundred acres fif as fine farming
land as is to be found in the county, located in
l)u Page and Lockport Townshiiis. He has a
handsome and substantial residence which he oc-
cupies in Plainfield, and is managing his large agri-
cultural interests with more than ordinary success.
In 18G1, Mr. Flagg and Marava Colegrove
united their lives and fortunes. She is a native of

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Wliealland Township, \\ ill ( timiU.aiKi Hihuigliler
of Lester G. ami Lueietia ( IngersoU) Colegrove,
of whom see sketch. Two cliildien liave resulted
from this marriage. George K. and Jerome F.
Chester liigersoli. the grandfather of ^Irs. Flagg,
kept the first liotel tliat was openfcl in the city of
Chieago.

Mr. Flagg's loyal course when our country was
threatened with ruin, and his straightforwanl,
manly con<luct in all the aff.iirs of life, both be-
fore and since that time, mark him as a man who
is an honor to the citizenship of his native countj-.

a »

^fs^, HARLES PAULI, proprietor of the Na-
(l( tional Hotel at Joliet, counts his friends by

^^?' the score among the traveling public, and
whoever is so fortunate as to sojourn once under
his hospitable roof, repeats the experiment at the
earliest opportunity. The National is comfortabl3-
equipped with all the requisites for rest and re-
fresiiment. "Mine host" exerts himself to be
courteous and obliging, and is evidentlj* operating
with a thorougli understanding of his business.

The subject of this notice, a native of the King-
dom of Saxony, was born May 28. 18;)7,and is the
son of an old soldier of the German arm}'. Henry
Pauli. who died in Germany, in 1873, at the ad-
vanced age of ninety-two j'ears. He had distin-
guished himself for bravery and fidelity to duty,
and for many years was in the enjoj'meiit of a
pension from the Government.

In accord.ance with the laws and customs of his
native country. ]Mr. Pauli was placed in school at
an carl\- age and pursued his studies several years,
acquiring a good education in his native tongue.
He remained a resident of his native place until a
man of twenty-eight }"ears, and then resolved to
seek his fortunes in America. Accordingly, in the
summer of 1865 he set out for the New World on
a steam vessel named Nen' York, wiiicli in due time
landed him safely in New York City. Thence not
long afterward he repaired to St. Louis, Mo., and
from there migrated to Edwards Count}', Kan.,

where he sojourned two j'ears. He afterward fol-
lowed cigar ra.aking in Detroit, Mich., three or four
years, from 1877 to 1881. In the spring of the
latter }'ear he came to Joliet, wiiere he pursued his
trade of a cigarmaker until purchasing the hotel
of which he is now proprietor.

I'lon becoming a voting citizen Mr. Pauli iden-
tified himself with the Democratic party. He is
eminently social in his instincts, belonging to the
Old Soldiers" Society, a German order flourishing
wherever there is a large number of (Jerman
soldiers. He also belongs to the .Sharpshooters and
the Vocal Minstrel Society of Joliet.

Mr. Pauli took unto himself a wife and helpmate
in October, 1880, being wedded to Miss Lena An-
hardt. This lady was born of parents who were
natives of German}', and who are now deceased.
Of this uniou Hiere are no children. ^Ir. Pauli's
mother bore the maiden name of Doretta Bock ;
she is now deceased. The National Hotel is a solid
stone building, containing seventy two rooms and
thoroughly equipped for the purposes to which it
is adapted. It was the first building of the kiml
erected in Joliet, and although an old tinier, is in a
perfect state of preservation and good for man}-
years to come.

■3=*^r-> '5

■frASON L. AVILSON. Among the live real-
I I estate men of the flourishing little city of

d' Joliet. is found Jason L. AVilson, who was
Y born in this city, November 11, 1858. He

is a son of George and Martha (Eaton) AVilson.
both of whom are natives of Manchester. N.H. The
futher started out ic life as a farmer, but learned
the carpenter's trade, which he subsequently fol
lowed. In 1852 he left the Granite St.ate to find a
home in the prairie lands of the Mississi|>pi A'alley,
bringing with him his family, which then com-
prised two children. Tiiese were John, now cashier
of the rolling mills, and Mrs. Jennie McGuire,
also of this city. After Mr. and Mrs. George yi'\\-
st)n became residents of Joliet four children were
born to them. Tvvo of these, George and Eaton

^t^/k^-w^^

PORTRAIT AND KIO&KAPHICAL ALBUM.

365

are deceased ; the living are Charles, a grocery
(leakn- in Joliet, and our subject.

'I'lif gentleman of whom we write received a
Ljood coninion-sehoo! education and began his act-
ive life as a clerk in a grocery store, in wliich he
remained about four years. He tlien became a
clerk in the local office of the Alton Railroad,
spending eleven years in the employ of that I'ail-
road corporation, four of which were passed in
Chicago as chief clerk of the local office tliere. He
returned to Joliet as agent of the Chicago & St.
i^ouis, now the S.anta Fe Railroad, continuing in
lliat capacity five years. In 1889 he entered upon
the sale of real estate, whicli he still pursues, hav-
ing in December of that year formed a partnership
with Henry H. McGuire.

In Miss Laura A'andcnburg, a cultured and lov-
nlile young lady of this city, Mr. Wilson found
the (lualitics of heart and mind which he desired
in his life companion. After a successful wooing,
I he riles of wedlock were celelirated between them
.Inly 22, 1882. They have three living children,
named respectively: George, Martha and Anita.
Mrs. Wilson is a daughter of W. L. A'andenburg,
originally of the Empire State. Mr. Wilson af-
liliatis with tlic Masonic fraternity. He possesses
dei-icU'd business ability, is well informed regard-
ir.g the world's progress, and is reputed honest, re-
lialilc and straightforward in all !iis dealings.

^, )»ILLIAM DAVIDSON. It is frequently
\/\l/l **'*^ ''''■'^^ ^^^ l)edestrian learns much more
wW of the country than he who travels by
public conveyance, as he is Iirought much closer to
the people and has a better opportunity to observe
tlieir habits and to learn their characteristics, and
also sees, as rapid transit will not permit, the nat-
ural beauties or blemishes of the landscape. Did
time and s|)ace allow of a detailed account of the
experiences of the subject of this sketch, miu'hof
interest might be learned regarding tlie appearance
of various sections some years since and the man-
ner of life of the citizens. Although his ex|ierl-

ences were not always agreeable, yet his labors in
life were beguiled by many scenes both entertain-
ing and instructive. The stubborn determination
which is so characteristic of the race from which
he sprung and the feeling which has been so thor-
oughly embodied in the well-known expression of
one of England's most noted men, that "England ex-
pects every man to do his duty," has characterized
his life labors and led to his success and present
assured financial standing.

The remote ancestors of our subject were Danes,
but for many generations they have been num-
bei'ed among the English race. He of whom we
write was born in Tallantire, Cumberland County,
England, October 28, 1827, and is one of six sons
and two daughters born to Robert and Esther
(Howe) Davidson, who were natives of the same
county. The father was a farm laborer. Three
sons and a daughter came to America, Joseph and
William making the voyage in 1850.

An old Englishman had been sent from Connec-
ticut to the Mother Country to secure one hundred
and fifty quarrymen, and under an engagement
with him the two Davidsons came to the United
States, Joseph paying his own fare but William
being brought by the companj-. The latter from
early boyhood had longed to cross the ocean and
rejoiced in the opportunity presented to him. They
landed in New York April 24, 1850, and began
their labors in the Connecticut quarry the follow-
ing day. Previous to leaving his native land young
Davidson had been railroading for six years and
prior to that time had been a farm hand.

Mr. Davidson worked ninety-nine days in the
quarry, paying his passage money and quitting the
employ of the company when they owed him $40,
which they have never paid. Borrowing $7 from
his brother, he went to Pbiladeli)hia and thence to
Baltimore, from which point he started on a tramp
with his kit on his Ijack. Ho went to Little York,
I'.n., and had worked six weeks when the quarry
stopped and he tramped three hundred miles, re-
turning to within a mile of his starting point.
There he worked on a canal six weeks, after which
he walked to Dalton. Ohio, where lie engaged to
lay track for the Ft. W.ayne Railroad. Nine
months were spent in the employ of that company.

366

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

during; which Mr. Davidson put in the switches
and side traclvs from Pittsburg. Pa., to Massillon,
Ohio. His next change was to Michigan City, Ind.,
where he loolc a job of spotting ties on the New
Albany & Salera Railroad. The little luone}' which
he should have made was lost, as his contract was
but a verbal one, and his employers thought he was
making too much for an old country man.

After this hard treatment Mr. Davidson left the
company and coming to Chicago in 1852 was ill
for two weeks, after which he went on the Illinois
Central Railroad at Kankakee, before there was a
house at that point. He got out all the stone used
on the road from there to Cairo, working at it
about four years, after which he took up bis abode
in Joliet, where he has resided for thirty-four years.
He came here with Robert Cunningham and the
fiist work he did in this place was to get out stone
for the Universalist Church. He began work in
the quarry of which he now owns a share, his em-
plo^-ers being Wilson Bros, of Chicago, whom he
served eleven years as a foreman. He and W. A
Strong then bought the Swalm quarry, and after-
ward the Wilson, carrying on the two about four
years, when our subject bought his partner's inter-
est, besides other property. In 1869 he sold a
fourth interest to his brother and, in 1885, taking
in Henr^- Kerber, organized as a joint stock com-
pany. The output has been from $100 to *150,000
per j-ear.

Mr. Davidson has been four times married. His
first wife, Jane Sterling, was a native of Canada
and was of Scotch descent; she died about three
years after their marriage. 5Ir. Davidson con-
tracted a second marriage with Ann Finne3-, al.ady
of English birth; she was a widow with six chil-
dren, the youngest of whom was two j'ears old at
the time of her second marriage. She bore Mr.
Davidson two children, one deceased, while the other
a daughter. Etta J., is the wife of John Pierce
and resides in Colorado Springs, Colo. After the
death of Mrs. Ann (Finney) Davidson our subject
took unto himself as a wife and helpmate Mrs.
Melissa Dewey, who lived twenty-one years after
their union. No children were born of this mar-
riage. Mr. Davidson married his present wife, a
most estimable lady, in the fall of 1885. Her

maiden name was Amelia Hegbom, and she is of
Norwegian birth.

In connection with this sketch we present a lith-
ographic portrait of Mr. Davidson. Politicall}% he
is a strong Republican. His character as well as
his business energy entitle him to respect, and he
is numbered among the most reliable citizens of
the citj- in which he has resided so manj^ j-ears.

=iat

OHN KIEl',seuior member of the firm of Kiep
Bros., is with his partner conducting a well
regulated market occupying No. 117 Chi-
cago Street, Joliet, where he has been en-
gaged since 1875. Mr. Kiep is one of the native-
born citizens of Joliet, and first opened his eyes to
the light November 24, 1858. His father, Philip
Kiep. a native of German}', emigrated to the United
States, in 1856, when a young man, coming imme-
diately to the young town of Joliet, and in due
time was married to Miss Helen St. Julian.

The mother of our subject was a native of
France and born in 1834. She was thus four
years younger than her husb.aud whose birth took
place May 1, 1830. They were married in 1857, and
Philip Kiep sometime afterward opened a board-
ing house which he is still conducting. He and
his excellent wife are still living, being hale and
hearty and in the enjo3'ment of a comfortable sup-
pi}' of this world's goods. There was born to them
a family of nine children, six sons and three
daughters, all of whom with the exception of P.
Robert, the fourth child, who works in the Elgin
AVatcli Factory, are residents of Joliet. The others
were named respectively: John, Joseph, Frank L.,
Philip D., Josephine, Mary and Theresa, and one,
Philip, dead.

The subject of this notice attended the public
schools of Joliet and when starting out in life for
himself entered the emplo}' of W. C. Wood, who
was engaged in the insurance business. Later he
was variously occupied until 1875. when he estab-
lished his meat market in partnership with James
McPanlin in 1881. In 1881, selling out he wentto
California where he remained until April the fol-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

367

lowing year. He was married in Joliet, June 24,
1885, to Miss Mary A. Rappal. .Soon afterward,
in company with liis brother Joseph, lie established
the present market which is one of the most ini-
[iDrtant institutions of the kind in the city, doing
a large business. He has made as fine displays
during the holidays as any market man in the State
of Illinois, priding himself at this season. He is
a fine judge of good meats and is fully ap[)reciated
by his patrons who comprise the best people of the
city. He gives very little attention to politics,
with the exception of voting the Democratic ticket
at the general elections.

Mrs. Mary A. (Rappal) Kiep was born June 13,
1864, in Joliet and is the daughter of Michael and
Antoinette Rappel who were earh' settlers of the
township and who are still living; they are pleas-
antly located on a farm two and one-half miles from
the court house. The two children born to Mr.
and Mrs. Kiep were named respective!}' Loretta
and Ambrose. Being a descendant of a people be-
lieving in compulsory education, Mr. Kiep designs
giving his children the best advantage in his
power. He is a Catholic in religion, belonging to
St. .\loysius Society in Joliet.

ERMAN N. DOESCHER. Crete Town-
|i ship is not without its share of the fine
farms for which the State of Illinois is
noted, and on one of these lives Herman
Doescher, a successful farmer and stock-raiser.
This estate of two hundred and eighty acres of fine
land near Kndor has been the home of our subject
for fourteen j-ears, and to his efforts is due its
present state of improvement. He began his res-
idence in this township in 1854, buying one hun-
dred and twenty acres in the southern part, upon
which there was but little improvement. He has
since improved the farm and increased the acreage,
and made a small fortune by his persistent efforts
in agriculture and stock-raising.

In the town of Hanover, Germany, April 28,
1833, he of whom we write opened his eyes to
the light of da}'. He is the second in a family of

eight children, one of whom was born in America,
and was about nine j-ears of age when the family
emigrated to America, a settlement being made in
Lake County, Ind., where he grew to manhood.
There he completed his schooling, becoming pos-
sessed of a practical educalion, while under the
careful training of his estimable [iarents,he acquired
right principles and useful habits. At Hanover,
in that county, he was united in marriage with
Miss Amelia Meier, who has been his efficient
companion and s}-mpathizing helpmate for many
years.

Mrs. Doescher was born in Hanover. Germany,
November 3, 1834, and there reared to womanhood.
She lost her mother in Germany and subse-
quently came to America with two of her brothers
to join their father, Henry Meier, at Hanover, Ind.
The latter afterward went to Iowa, and died at
Jefferson, Greene County, when about four score
and five years of age. His life work was that of
farming. Mrs. Doescher was married about a
year after her arrival in this country. She is the
mother of twelve children, seven of whom died
young. The survivors are Alvina, Lizzie, Bertha;
and Edwin and Julius (twins), all at home. Mr.
Doescher has been Highway Commissioner some
years. In politics he is a stanch Republican.
The entire family are attendants at the Lutheran
Church, and are regarded with respect by their
fellow-citizens as worthy representatives of their
nationalit}- and the families from which they are
descended.

The parents of our subject were Herman and
Johannah (Steffen) Doescher. The father was born
in the Kingdom of Hanover, and bred to the trade
of a rope maker, carrying on a rope-walk at Bremer-
haven for a number of years and until he came
to America. The mother was born .and reared
near Hamburg, and was of pure German blood.
After the birth of all of their children but one,
they set out from Bremeriiaven on a sailing ves-
sel for the United States. After a voyage of
seven weeks lauding was made in New York City,
whence the family at once journeyed to Lake
County. Ind. This was in the fall of 1842. The
parents purchased one hundred and sixt}- acres of
land in Hanover, wheie they began their farm life,

368

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

and where they lived for about forty years. There
the mother died in 1881, at the age of seventy-
eight 3'ears. Her husband afterward went to En-
dor. 111., and died at the home of his sou Charles.
December 2, 1887. He had reached the advanced
age of eighty-four years. He had been successful
in worldli* :iffairs and in gaining the esteem of
his fellow-men to whom his honesty and kindli-
ness were well known. His wife was an excellent
neighbor, ever ready to perform deeds of kindness
and both had many friends, particularl}- among
the German residents of the county in which they
lived.

-»<-

^^s^EORGE PICKEL is numbered among the
if ^»7 industrious, thrifty members of the farm-
^^!l ing community- of Plainficid Township,
where he has an excellent farm, that is under
good tillage, is provided with comfortable build-
ings, and 3ields a good income. Our subject is a
veteran of the late war, in which he suffered all
the hardships and privations of a soldier's life
for the .sake of his country. He is a native of
New York, born near the town cf Albion, Orleans
Count}-. Jul}- 3, 1839, a son of John Pickel. He
was but four years old when he was deprived of
the care of his father b}- liis premature death. The
mother of our subject married a second time, be-
coming the wife of William McQuenn, who was a
veteran of the War of 1812, and took part in the
battle of Plattsburg. In 1848, the family came
to Will Count}-, and here our subject was reared
amid the pioneer influences that obtained here
thus early in the settlement of this section of the
State. Joliet was then but a village and tlie sur-
rounding country was but sparsely settled, giving
but little indication of its present prosperous con-
dition. Our subject attended the public schools
and obtained a fair education, and when very
young entered upon his career as a farmer, gain-
ing a good practical knowledge of agriculture, and
he continued to pursue that calling till he entered
the army. He had been watching the course of
the war w-ith patriotic interest, and August 8, 18G2,

in the very prime and vigor of a stalwart man-
hood, he being theo but twenty-three years of age,
he proffered his services in the defence of the
Stars and .Stripes, and was enrolled as a member
of Company E, One Hundredth Illinois Infantry,
and served faithfully from that time until his hon-
orable discharge in June. 1865, with the exception
of tlie time when he was languisiiing in rebel pris-
ons.

At the battle of Perrysville the regiment w-as
held in reserve, but it took an active and gallant
part in the battles of Stone River and Chicka-
mauga. In the latter eng.agement Mr. Pickel and
his comrades were captured, and for more than a
year suffered the horrors of life in rebel prisons.
After tw-o days in Libby Prison, Richmond, tbey
were taken from there, and were then transferred
to Pemberton Prison, where they remained until
December, and were then taken to Danville. In
the month of April, they were dispatched to
Andersouville, were confined there seven months
and after that taken to Florence, S. C, and from
there to Goldsborough, N. C, thence to Wilming-
ton, and were there paroled after being in the
iiands of the enemy seventeen long and weary
months, when they must have often despaired of
ever seeing home and friends ag.ain. Mr. Pickel,
though n.aturally of a vigorous constitution, suf-
fered extremely and became so emaciated that
whereas he had weighed two hundred and -five
pounds just after the battle of Stone River, when
he w-as released from captivity he only weighed
one hundred and sixteen pounds.

After our subject and his comrades were )jaroled
they were ordered to St. Louis, and thence
went to Camp Butler, Springfield, and were mus-
tered oui of the service. After his terrible exper-
ience in prison, on the march and on the battle-
field, Mr. Pickel returned to Will County, and as
soon as able resumed his farming operations, tliat
had been interrupted when he laid aside the har-
vesting instrument to take up sword and rifle. He
followed agriculture in Jackson Township until
I 1878, and then bought his present farm, which he
is managing with good fin.ancial success, and he is
: a shrewd, skillful farmer. His land is well tilled,
I his buildings are suitable and convenient, and he

PORTRAIT AND KIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

:169

has ijood machineiy to work his farm, and does
what he can to promote the highest interests of
his adopted township, and .is a practical farmer is
contributing to its material prosperity.

ON. ABU AH C AG WIN. The growth
|) and prosperity of any citj' de[)ends very
largely upon the efforts of a comparativel}^
small number of her residents, to whose faith
in the future of the pLace and wise judgment as to
methods bj- which to secure a rapid development,
other citizens owe the benefit which acrue to them.
In the cit}' of Joliet an important part in the
upbuilding and official work of both city and
county has been taken by the gentleman whose
name stands at the head of this sketch, and who
merits the good will of the citizens for labors which
have resulted beneficially' to all who then made or
now make it their home.

Tiie birth of Mr. Cagwin took place in Verona,
Oneida County, N. Y., May 19, 1807, and he lived
ill liis native place until he was nineteen years old.
He had learned the trades of tanning, currj'ing and
shoemaking in Rome, and going to Brockport,
Monroe Count}', he built a tannery, continuing in
business there until 1835, when the tanner}- was
destroyed by fire, entailing a severe loss. The
people of the community vvere very anxious that
the owner should rebuild and offered him material
assistance, but he thought it would not be for the
best, although very grateful to them for their good
feeling and generositj-. Some leather had been
left uninjured by the fire, and this he made up
into harness, which he shipped to Chicago, having
made up his mind to come West.

Mr. Cagwin left his old home in the Empire
State in company with one Hiram Janes, but took
on his t)wn account a stock of goods, which he
peddled on the way through to Peoria, III. He
visited a brother in Pekin, and then, having de-
termined to settle at Joliet. which was then in
Cook County, he loaded up the goods which he
had left in Peoria and set out for this place. He
bought a house and lot on the west side of the Des-

plaines River and sold out his goods at auction.
Just before his settlement he undertook to cross
the river in a boat, but came very near being car-
ried over the dam b)' the current and drowned.
He was within twelve feet of the verge when he
was rescued by having a bed cord thrown out to
him attached to a pole, which he finally succeeded
in getting hold of.

In 1835 the land sale took place in Chicago, and
Mr. Cagwin purchased eighty acres southeast of
Joliet, after which he returned East and bought the
necessary equipments for a sawmill, which he
shipped to Chicago, and brought with a team from
that place to Joliet. He had some time before
purchiised one hundred and sixty acres of timber
land, on which he purposed to begin the lumber
business. On his return from the East lie pur-
chased a horse in Detroit, Mich., completing his
journey from that point on horseback. He began
getting out timber for his mill, doing what he
could until the following winter, when on horse-
back he went back to the Empire State, returning
in the spring with his family, which consisted of a
wife and four children, the journey being accom-
plished by teams. In the party were four other
adults.

Settling on the land east of Joliet, Mr. Cagwin
began in earnest to build the sawmill, which was
soon completed and in running order. Such mills
being few in this section at that date, madesawmill-
inga lucrative business to those who were engaged
in it. Mr. Cagwin did well, and in a short time
was able to pay for all his land and purchase sev-
eral lots in Joliet. He operated the mill until
about 1839, when his excellent judgment and
discrimination were recognized b}' his election to
the position of Judge of Probate, which office he
held four years. During that time he lived in the
city, where he built several stores and other edi-
fices, and in various way displayed his public
spirit. The first warehouse in Will County was
erected by hiin during his term of office, it being
the one now owned by E. Bush. Joliet was the
home of Mr. Cagwin until October, 1886, when he
removed to his present residence east of the city
limits on section 11, Joliet Township. The land
which he occupies consists of ninety-three acres,

370

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

valued at $500 per acre, and on it is a full line of
excellent buildings adai)ted to various purposes,
the family residence being a model of rural archi-
tecture. For a long term of j'ears Mr. Cagwin was
engaged in l)uying and shipping grain, and lie is
today extensively known as the veteran grain
dealer of tins section.

The marriage of tiie llun. Mr. Cagwin was cele-
brated at Broekport. N. Y., many years ago, liis
bride being Miss Hannah Scribncr, a native of
Poultney, Vt. She is a worthy woman, possessing
more tiian ordinary intelligence and an excellent
Christian character. She has borne her husband
ten chihlren, eight of whom are living — Merritt is
a farmer in Lockport Township; Helen is the
widow of the late Dr. Elvis Harwood ; Sarah was
first married to a Mr. Ilibbard, and is now the
widow of the late Dr. Barrett, of Jackson Town-
ship; Tliom.as is a resident of Milw.aukee, Wis.;
Ilamden lives in Joliet; Rose is tlie wife of Burt
Briggs; Nancy is still with her [larents; Abijah
resides in Ft. Smith, Ark.

Mr. Cagwin's first Presidential ballot was east
for Andrew Jackson, and he has ever been a stanch
Democrat. He has held several ini|)ortant pul^lic
positions, having been the incumbent of various
city offices. lie belongs to the Masonic fraternity
and is a Knight Templar. Both he and his wife
Ijelong to the I'niversalist Church.

=1^"

HHILDT. Among the respected enterpris-
ing farmers of Washington Township, the
/I' — ^j name of our subject deserves mention as
that of one who in a comi)aratively short time has
accumulated a line i)roi)erty and secured a good
position among the substantial men of the count3'.
He owns and occupies two hundred acres of fertile
land on section 27, and thereon has erected a full
line of excellent farm buildings, including every
convenient and necessar}' structure. Industrious
and zealous in whatever he undertakes, upright in
all the relations of life, and manifesting an intelli-
gent interest in the advancement of the section iu
which he hiis made his home, Mr. Heldt is highly
respected by his fellow-cftizens.

The ijarents of oursuliject were Christopher and
Stenia Heldt, natives of Meckleidmrg. Germany,
in which Province their ten children were also
borns. Two sons and six daughters lived to ac-
compan}' their parents to America, to whose shores
they set sail from Hamburg in ISIay, 1856. Their
passage was secured on the mailing-vessel ''Ore-
gon," which made a landing iu New York City
after a voyage of seven weeks and four days.
The family soon afterward came to Chicago, and
then located in Du Page Count\-. They were very
poor and at first had a hard time to get al(.)ng. but
they were industrious and determined, and soon
their labors were rewarded by their ability to
rent land, on which they made a good living. The
l)arents were members of the Lutheran Church,
\ and not only led upright lives, but endeavored
to instill into the hearts of their children the
principles of right living. The mother died in Du
Page Count}', in September, 1864, when upwards
of three-score and ten years of age. The be-
reaved husband came to Will County some months
later, and died at the home of his son, \Villiam, in
Washington Township, iu 1868. He was seventy-
five years old.

The natal da}- of our subject was .lanuary 20,
1842. In his native land he obtained the educa-
tion which (iermany ensures to all her sons, and
labored witli other members of the family' as his
growing strength would permit. After the" re
moval to America, he settled with the others in
Du Page County, III., remaining there until 1868-
In the meantime he had passed his majorit}' and
had taken unto himself a companion in life, with
wiiom he established his home in Will Count}' on
eighty acres, which forms a [jart of his i)reseut
homestead. To this he added according to his abil-
ity, until the landed estate reached two hundred
acres and all was placed in a fine condition.

For nine ^ears Mr. Heldt served as Road Com-
missioner, giving general satisfaction to the travel-
ing public, and particularly to the agriculturists.
His political adherence is given to the Republican
party. He and the members of his family belong
to the Lutheran Church.

The lady with whom Mr. Heldt was united in
marriage in Du Page County, bore the maiden

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

371

name of Lncetta Stedt. She was born in Mecklen-
burg, Germany, January 8, 1843, and was fourteen
years old when her parents came to this country.
She remained with them in York Center Town-
ship, Du Page County, until her marriage. She
is a woman of intelligence and genuine worth, who
looks well to the ways of her household and en-
deavors to faithfully discharge every duty. (A full
histor}' of the family of which she is a member
will be found in the biograplij' of ^\'illiam Stedt.)
Mr. and Mrs. Ileldt have had eleven children and
mourn the loss of Rosetta, Sophia, and an infant
unnamed. The survivors are: AVilliam, a farmer
in Washington Township, who married Emma
Blevening; Amelia, wife of Henry C. Hansen,
whose home is a farm in Crete Township; Charles,
Flmma, Fred, Ernst, Louis and Robert, who arejet
at home.

BLISS SHAW, M. D. The regular school
of medicine acknowledges one of its most
able followers in the person of Dr. Shaw,
one of the prominent piiysicians of .Toliet,
who has a finely equipped office in the Barber
Building, and who enjoys an extensive and lucra-
tive business. He located in the city in 1884, and
gives his entire attention to the duties of his pro-
fession. From 1884 until 1888 he held the office
of Coroner.

A native of this county Dr. Shaw was born in
Joliet, December 1, 18G0, and was the son of John
K. Shaw, a native of New York City. The latter
was reared in the great metropolis, and was mar-
ried to Miss Martha, daughter of John J. Flack,
one of the early settlers of this county. The wed-
ding took place in Joliet, but the young couple
returned East afterward, and Mr. .Shaw was con-
nected with the Michigan Central Railroad for a
number of j'ears. He died, however, when com-
paratively a young man, and before the recollection
of his son, J. Bliss.

After the death of her husband Mrs. Shaw re-
turned to her father's home in Joliet, where she
still lives. She was subsequently married to Har-
vey Downey. Our subject was the only child of

his parents, and was reared by his maternal grand-
father, John J. Flack, a native of Oswego County,
N. Y. Grandfather Flack came to Illinois in 1840,
and for many years was a resident of Joliet, where
his death took place in 1876.

Dr. Shaw w,as a child of two years when he was
brought to this county by his mother, and pursued
his first studies in the city schools. At an early
age he began serionslj' to think of adopting the
medical profession, and entered upon his studies
under the preceptorship of Dr. M. B. Campbell.
He took his first course of lectures at the Chicago
Homeopathic College, subsequently attended and
was graduated in the class of 1884, from the Chi-
cago Medical College, the latter being connected
with, the Northwestern University.

Soon after locating in Joliet the Doctor was
elected County Coroner, obtaining the highest
number of votes of any candidate on the Repub-
lican ticket at that election. This fact is sufficient
indication of his standing and popularity in the
county. He has thus far made for himself a fine
record, and has the wishes of hosts of friends for his
continued success. He has a fine library, to which
he is steadily adding, and wherein he spends his
leisure time, keeping himself thoroughly posted
upon the latest methods of practice, while in a
literary point of view, he is more than ordinarily
proficient, being the master of French, and having
a good understanding of the German tongue.

After being graduated Dr. Shaw crossed the At-
lantic and spent seven months in the city of Paris,
devoting himself to the study of surgery, together
with venereal diseases and diseases of the eye and
ear, of which he makes a specialty. He there ob-
tained instruction from some of the finest practi-
tioners at the French Capital, among them being
the noted Galezowski. I'pon returning to his na-
tive land he spent a jear in the Michael Reese Hos-
pital, Chicago. In Paris he had charge of oue of
the wards in the Hotel Dieu, the largest hospital in
the city.

Dr. Sliaw was wedded, February 5, 1885, at the
bride's home in West Union, Iowa, to Miss Lida B.
Ilammonl. This lady was born in Joliet, and is
the daughter of King J. and Julia B. Hammond,
who were natives of New York, but are now resi-

372

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

dents of West Union, Iowa. Two bright chiklren
have been born of this union, a son and daughter
— Arthur H. and Laura H. The Doctor, politi-
cally, gives his support to the Republican party,
but meddles very little with public affairs, con-
scientiously devotiuii: his attention to the duties of
his profession. Both lie and his estimable wife are
members in good standiiiii of the Methodist Ei)is-
copal Church.

<^ HARLES FRANCIS PINNEO, one of the
II „ energetic grocers of Joliet, is a native of
<^^ Will County, having been born in Reed's
Grove, November 18, 1851. As a farmer's boy he
grew up with an anxiety for other and more con-
genial pursuits, which were realized upon his father
leaving farm life and removing to ICIwood, where
he remained until his death in the spring of 1879.
Our subject on leaving the farm went to Verona,
111., and engaged in the hotel business, where he
remained until coming to Joliet in 1881, where he
first accepted a subordinate position, which in 1883
was exchanged for the proprietorship of the busi-
ness he j^et maintains.

First class in all its appointments, the grocery
of Mr. Pinneo is a model and his business is a
thriving one. It is conducted according to the
most honorable methods, and with a high degree
of energy and tact, and the patrons of the estab-
lishment are sure of courteous treatment and square
dealing. Politically, Mr. J'inneo is a Republican,
as was his father before him. He is a member of
the Methodist Episcopal Church, endeavors to
make his daily walk and conversation consistent
with his Christian profession, and so wins the re-
spect of those about him.

Mr. Pinneo has been twice married, his first wife
having been Miss Mary A. Grant. Their marriage
was celebrated Christmas D.ay, 1872, and they lived
happily together until January 16, 1887, wiien
death removed the wife and mother. Three chil-
dren had blessed the union, onl}' one of whom,
Anny G., is now living. The present wife of Mr.
Pinneo was formerly Mrs. Loretta Thornburg, an

estimable woman of intelligence and good breed-
ing, who looks well to the ways of her honseliold,
while not neglecting the social duties and the so-
ciety of her many friends.

The father of our subject was Charles Pinneo,
a native of Nova Scotia, whose natal day was
March 26, 1808. He was a man of pionounced
convictions, an ardent worker in the cause of tem-
perance, a faithful and consistent member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, and a most excellent
citizen. He died April 27, 1879, lamented by a
host of friends. His wife, Mary E., also died at
Elwood. her demise occuring March 3, 1888; she
was born in Nova Scotia, August 4, 1812. To her
and her husband eleven children were born, whose
record is as follows: William Simmons is deceased ;
George Davenport lives in Oakland, Cal.; John
Baxter, in Will County; Mrs. Julia A. Elderkin,
in Montana; Mrs. Prudence Maria Shiffer, in Joliet;
Mar}' Sophia, Sophronia Eliza, Andrew Wilson and
Charles Albert are dead; Mrs. Sophronia Olivia
Childs, now a widow, lives in Joliet; Charles Fran-
cis is the youngest member of the famil}'. The
paternal grandparents of our subject were John D.
and Elizabeth Pinneo, also natives of Nova Scotia.

/p^RIFFIN MARSHALL. The subject of tliis
'II ,^=- notice is a son of the late well-known
■^^!| George Marshall, who was one of the pio-
neer settlers of this county, coming hither when a
young mail and before his mairiage. He was a na-
tive of New York State, as was also his wife, Mar-
garet A. I'addock. The Paddock family likewise
came to Illinois at an earl^- day. and the parents of
our subject were married in this county. Tliey
settled on section 1, New Lenox Township, but in
LSoO the father, seized with the California gold
fever, repaired to^the Pacific Slope. He started on
his return home by the ocean route, died on board
ship, and was consigned to a watery grave. The
mother is still living, and makes her home in New
Lenox Township.

To the parents of our subject there was born a
family of seven children, of whom firiflhi was the

yi64Ayuid

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

375

fiftli. He first opened liis eyes to the light at the
homestead in New Lenox Townsliip, November 30,
1846. Ho was a mere child at tlie time of his
father's tlerilh, and remained with his motiier at the
old homestead until approacliing nianliood, in fact
has liere spent all his life with tlie exception of six
months when he was in the army. He was bred to
farming pursuits, and has made these his cliief oc-
cupation in life. He owns a [tart of the old liome-
stead, liis share being about one hundred acres.
The land under careful cultivation is very fertile,
and the buddings, without making an}' pretention
to elegance, form a safe shelter for the little
family.

When a man of twenty-six years Mr. Marshall
was married, December 21, 1872, in Joliet, to Miss
Lucy J. Fry. She was born in Joliet, and is a
daughter of John and Sarah (Edmunds) Fr}', who
were natives of Pennsylvania and New York, and
are now deceased. This union has resulted in the
birth of five children, namely: Edward, Jesse,
.Maggie, Louisa and Chester. The}' form a bright
an<l interesting group, all remaining under the
home roof.

Mr. Marshall has alw.ays taken an active interest
in politics, .and gives his uniform support to the
Republican party. His estimable wife is a member
in good standing of the Methodist Episcopal
Church.

'-^^^^^^i^^^^f^T^f^

-<-v

ANIEL FERRISS. It is a blessing which
comes not to all, to have parents of whom
their children may be proud and of whom
they may justly speak .as models after which to
siia|)e their own lives. The subject of this sketch
has the most intense filial feeling, and alludes to
his parents in terms of reverent affection that
proves them to have been worthy of his heart's
best love.

The father of our subject was Thomas Ferriss,
born in Washington County, N. Y., in 1789, and
son of a surveyor who mysteriously disappeared
on one of his trips and was never ag.ain heard from.
Thomas Ferriss enlisted in the War of 1812 and
during a i)art of the conflict acted as a teamster.

On July 4, 181.3, at the bride's home in Pennsylva-
nia he married Miss Desire Lake who was born in
Wilke.sbarre, in 1790. She was the daughter of
Daniel Lake, a Revolutionary soldier who lived to
be more than four-score and ten years old. The
Lake family was noted for the longevity of most
of the members.

Aliout 1818, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Ferriss took
up their abode in Washington County, N. Y.,
whence they removed to .Jefferson County a few
years later and from there to St. Lawrence County.
On September 14, 1839, the faithful wife and
mother closed her eyes in death, leaving behind her
the menior}' of wise counsels which have left their
impress during all the years that have passed since
her voice became silent.

In 1844, Thomas Ferriss and his family came to
Illinois, locating in Lake County. Five years later
they removed to Wesley Township, this count}',
renting a farm which w.as the home until 1854.
One year after their settlement upon it the father
crossed the plains to California attracted by the re-
ports of the successful search for precious metal,
and during the four years which followed he was
able to save -SI, 800 in gold. He then returned to
the Prairie State and located on the farm now oc-
cupied by our subject, and there he closed his eyes
in death M.ay 25, 1875. His son Daniel had prom-
ised the mother upon her deathbed that he would
always look after his father, and right well did he
keep his promise, bearing the burden which would
have been too heavy for the father's shoulders and
becoming to him a staff in his declining years.

The parental family comprised ten children, four
of whom are now living. David, who is now sev-
enty-six years of age, lives in Michigan; Mrs.
Uachcl Gates is residing in Minnesota, at the age
of seventy-four 3'cars; Julia, bora June 23, 1822,
and unmarried, keeps house for our subject, whose
home comfort she looks after with tender solici-
tude.

Daniel Ferriss was born January 20, 1819, in
Washington Count}-, N. Y., and even in childhood
learned lessons of hard labor. When not yet ten
years old he drove a three-horse team all summer.
While the family lived in St. Lawrence County he
worked in the brass furnaces and forge. His

376

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

school advantaj^es were very meagre Init his native
intelligence aixl the knowledge which can be
gleaned through reading and observation, have
taken the place of the education which was denied
him.

After the family removed to the Prairie State
our subject worked on the farm, assisting his fa-
father to pay an indebtedness of $30, which hung
over their heads when they reached here, and after-
ward improving their own estate, in the payment
of which he bore a part. The land which they
purchased was nearly devoid of improvements and
to the energy and perseverance of our subject its
present condition is due. His labors are particu-
larly commendable as he has for manj' a year la-
bored single-handed in a literal sense. While
running a threshing m.ichine, Oetobei 24, 1848,
his left arm was drawn into the c^'linder and torn
off at the elbow. He suffered amputation without
the use of an.esthetics or allowing anyone to hold
him, exhibiting fortitude extremely rare.

The one hundred and fortj'-seven acres on sec-
tion 27. which comprise the estate of Mr. Ferriss,
are adorned by a good stone residence, a full line
of substantial outbuildings and various fruit and
shade trees. Neatness aud order prevail every-
where and it is hard to believe that such a variety
of work can be thoroughly accomplished with the
use of but one arm. and that even chopping, crad-
ling of grain, and similar work has been done by
Mr. Ferriss since he suffered the loss of his limb.

Mr. Ferriss and his sister are honest, God-fear-
ing people, whose lives are spent in consistent
endeavor to carry out the Golden Rule and honor
the name which they bear. They have never been
members of any church, although thej- lean toward
the I'niversalist denomination, but give their coun-
tenance and support to the good work of various
congregations. Mr. Fevriss served as Constable of
the township for six years. Otherwise he has con-
stantly refused to hold oflice. He is a friend to
Masonr}% his father having been a member of the
fr.aternity. He has always taken a lively interest
in the political issues of the day and since the or-
ganization of the Republican party, has been a firm
supporter of it. Prior to that time he had been a
Democrat. His father was of the i'niversalist

faith and this no iloubt is one reason why our sub-
ject and his sister favor that church. They are
entitled to the respect of those about them and re-
ceive their due measure.

On another page of the Albcm is presented a
lithographic portrait of the late Thomas Ferri.ss.

;f]UDGE D.WID WILLARD. Years after a
stone alone remains to tell the story of
their lives, the memories of some will be
clierished by the generations who follow
them, and upon whose lives their efforts have left
a lasting impress. There is none so humble but
that he exerts some control over those about him,
and the influence of a man of great mental and
physical activity can only be measured when time
shall be no more. One of the landmarks of Will
County, aud one who during his prime has taken a
very prominent part in local affairs, is the subject
of this review, who has now practicall3' retired to
his farm on section 4, Wesley Township.

The gentleman of whom we write was born June
13. 1818, in Alleghany County. N. Y., being the
second child of Daniel and Elizabeth (Sanders)
Willard, from whom he inherited sturdy qualities.
His father w.as born in the old Bay State, in 1787,
becoming a resident of Washington Count}-, N. Y.,
when a young man. There, in 1815. he married a
native of Ft. Edwards, the young couple removintr
during the same year to AUeghan}- County. Dan-
iel Willard was a farmer, and during the War of
1812 had taken up arms in his countr3-'s defense.
He liveil to tlie advanced age of ninety j-ears. one
month and nine days, breathing his last October
21. 1877. Ilis faithful companion survived him a
few months, dying July 26, 1878. >She also w.as of
rii)e age, having been born .Vpril 22, 1704.

Our subject was the fortunate recipient of good
educational advant.oges, and made a spcciall}- of
algebra and field surveying. Being reared on a
farm he took some part in agricultural labors, and
during his early years taught school in the winter
season. Before he had attained his m.ijority he
was put on the ticket as School Insjiector, but w.as

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

877

not elected until lliu following year, when he was a
second time nominated. He was afterw.inl electe(1
Constable and Town Collector for three successive
years, and still later was the successful candidate
for Justice of the Peace, leaving home, however,
before the term of oHice began.

When twenty-one years ohl Mr. Wiil;u<l at odd
times engaged in the lumber business on the Alle-
gany River. His first experience was as a raftsman,
a position which required a keen eye, quick wit and
physical activity. lie frequently walked from
Pittsburg, Pa., to his home, a distance of two hun-
dred miles, there being no means of transit other
than this. In the spring of 18i4 Mr. Willard took
a companion, with whom he came at once to Illi-
nois, settling on a tract of unimproved land. It
comprised the eighty acres on which he is now
passing his days in peace and pleasantness. He
built a small house which, in 1857, was replaced by
the present oozy home, and which was gradiiall}'
surrounded with the various improvements which
a good farmer considers necessary for the success-
ful prosecution of his work, and the comfort of
himself and family.

The vocation to which he turned his attention
as a means of support was not allowed to engross
the attention of Mr. Willard, whose fitness for
office was soon recognized by his fellow-citizens,
who demanded his services. In 1846 he was given
the position of Township School Treasurer, and
continued therein for years. Two years later he
was elected .Justice of the Peace, and in this office
he served until 1865. As Township Supervisor
and Chairman of the Board he also officiated for
years, his service in the latter capacitj- having ex-
tended over the period of the Civil War. He had
to assess the citizens for the first money raised to
send the township quota for defraying expenses of
the army, and many friends were lost b}' this
action. His- personal feelings, however, did not
deter him from the exercise of his judgment, and
the integrity with which he managed the affair was
afterward overwhelminglj' endorsed.

In 186.i Mr. Willard was elected Judge of the
County Court for a term of four years, and being
re-elected, in 1869, he continued to serve until
1873. He removed his family to Joliet and made

that city his home during his second terra. His
strict horior. acute judgment of character, and de-
cisive opinions regarding right and justice, were
called into play while seated upon the bench, and
the lecord which he made is one upon which he can
look back with pride, knowing that his worst enemy
can find no just ground for condemnation of his
course. Judge Willard was first identified with
the Whig i)arty, and after its disintegration en-
listed in the Republican ranks. His first Presiden-
tial ballot was cast for Gen. W. H. Harrison, and
his last for Gen. Benjamin Harrison, the descend-
ant of the hero of Tippecanoe.

Judge Willard is descended in the seventh gen-
eration from Maj. Simon Willard, who emigrated
from Kent County, j;ngland, to Massachusetts, in
1634. The father of Maj. Willard was Richard
Willard, who held a large lauded estate in the
mother country. The Major was a member of the
General Court in the Massachusetts Colony, and a
participant in King Phillip's war. He had nine
sous, from the youngest of whom Judge Willard is
descended.

The estimable woman who for man^^ years h.as
been the cherished companion of .Tudge Willard,
bore the maiden name of Hodah Axtcll. She is a
native of the Em|)ire State, born October 27, 1822,
and is the oldest of three surviving children in a
family of twelve. Slie attended the common
schools in her native State, acquiring all the knowl-
edge which an apt pupil could, and at her home
was instructed in housewifely arts and the princi-
ples of right living, which have made her honored
and useful in her home and among her neighbors.
Her union with Judge Willard was oelelirated May
9, 18J4, and has been blessed by the birth of six
children. The fond parents have been called upon
to part with four of their loved ones. The sur-
vivors are: Lois, wife of Albert H. Mapps, of
Joliet, and the mother of one child ; Reuel, who
also lives in Joliet, is now filling the office of
County Surveyor, and who took for his wife Miss
Cora Sibert; Alice died at the age of three }-ears,
from typhoid fever, which was a sad altliction to
the bereaved parents. Three children died in in-
faHcy unnamed.

It will not be amiss to devote a few lines to the

378

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

ancestry of Mrs. Willani. Her father. CliauiK-ey
Axtell, was born at Cronnian's Patent, N. Y., in
1786, and her mother, Betsey (Morse) Axtell, in
Otsego County, in 1706. They resided in tlie Em-
pire State (luring the life of Mrs. Axtell, who
passed awa}- in .lanuarj-, 1852. The same year the
bereaved widower removed to Illinois, locating
one mile viest of the present home of Judge Wil-
lard. There he remained until death, the date of
his decease being August, 1864. He was a farmer i
and lumberman, and respected by all who knew
him. liesides Mis. Willard the surviving members
of his family are Axie E. and Betsey M.

— '> » ^ - i:|> V-

'¥|ANE CHADWICK has displayed a degree
of administrative ability and comprehension
of business affairs which would be liighly
creditable to one of the sterner sex. She
is administratrix of the estate of the late John
Jones, of Manhattan Township, having full power
to manage the five hundred and sixty acres as she
sees fit, and is kept busy in attending to the labors
which it entails upon her. The farm is rented and
Miss Chadwick occupies a pleasant residence in the
village, which for comfort and ease is not excelled
therein. She is looked up to by ever3'one and no
person in this vicinitj' has more friends than she.
The father of our subject \vas John Chadwick.
a native of Lancashire, England, who died when
his daughter, Jane, was about eight years old. The
mother was Jane (Murraj-) Chadwick, a native of
Scotland, who upon being left a widow with nine
children, labored so wiselj- and well that slie was
able to rear them with fair educations and prepar-
ation for future usefulness. She died in 3Ian-
chester, England, in 18o2. She was a consistent
member of the Presbyterian Church and endeav-
ored to instill the principles of right living into
the hearts of her offspring.

The members of the parental family were Mar3-,
Alice, James. Jane, Joseph, Elizabeth. Henr\-, John
and Ellen. Mary and Alice moved to Australia
some 3-ears after our subject came to America and
have since been lost track of. James was in the

Twenty-third Royal AVelsh Fusileers and served
through the Crimean War, becoming a Corporal.
At the close of the struggle he returned to Eng-
land, but a few weeks later accompanied the arniv
to China and his sister has never heard from him
since that daj'. She has lost trace of the entire
family and is not aware that she has a single rela-
tive living.

Miss .Jane Ch.adwick was born in Manchester,
England, and reared there with somewhat limited
school advantages. It being necessary' that she
should early in life have an occupation bj' which
she could secure a livelihood, she learned dress-
making and millinery, serving a regular appren-
ticeship from sixteen until twentj^.one ^-ears of
age. From earl^- years she had made her home
with an aunt and about the time that she became
of age thj health of her relative failed and the
doctors recommended travel as a means of restor-
ing it.

Miss Cliadwick was requested to accompany her
aunt and uncle, and having consented, embarked at
Glasgow. Scotland, on the steamer •• City of Glas-
gow," which sailed April 1, 1850. This vessel was
one of the first ocean steamers and this was her
first trip. After a stormy vo^'age of fourteen
days and eight hours, during which Miss Chadwick
had been ill continualh'. landing was made at New
York. For three j-ears the part}' traveled in and
through man}' of the States of the Union, their
journeyings ceasing only with the death of the
au!it, which took place at Louisville, K}-., in 1853.
The bereaved uncle was obliged to return to Eng-
land and was most anxious to have our subject go
with him, but she so dreaded the voyage that she
declined.

For some time Miss Chadwick followed dress-
making in Louisville and then, having friends in
Atchison, Kan., who had come from her old Eng-
lish home, she determined to locate there. She
traveled to Atchison by boat and there engaged in
dressmaking, making her home with her friends.
During those exciting times of border ruffianism
which preceded the late Civil War, she saw and
heard much of the events which have become his-
torical. The head of the household in which she
h.ad found her home, went South and was killed en

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

379

board a boat at New Orleans, bis murder proving
such a stiock to his wife that she too died an<l ouv
subject was as^ain left alone.

In 1858, having been recommended b3- Atchison
friends to come to Joliet, 111., which was then just
starting. Miss Cliadwicli turned her face eastward.
Close confinement to sewing had affected her
liealth and her ph3-siciau advised her to do house-
work for a change. Although she knew nothing
about housekeeping, she determined to follow the
doctor's advice and when she reached Joliet did
not even stop to eat her dinner for fear that her
courage would fail her, but started out in search of
a {)lace. Walking up on the bluff, where she had
several amusing experiences, she finally secured a
situation at Mr. Furman Macks. There she remained
unlil she became housekeeper for the late James
Jones in Manhattan Township. This gentleman
was not the best of managers, although an excel-
lent man, and MissChadwick manifested so much
ability and good sense that he ere long admitted
that she was a better farmer than he, and followed
her advic^e in his business.

Seeing that Mr. Jones was not successful as a
farmer. Miss Chadwick advised him to build tenant
houses on each quarter section and rent the estate.
This he did, the i)lan working so admirably that
he became one of the most substantial men of the
township. Miss Chadwick remained with him un-
til his death, when she lost a good friend. Realiz-
ing that to her advice he owed his success, Mr.
Jones wished to give Miss Chadwick a deed to the
farm, but she would not allow this, having no
desire to become defendant in a suit which would
swallow up the jilace and cause much hard feeling
in the minds of liis relatives. She accepted a life
annuity, ^300 [ler annnra, which, with theadminis-
tr.ator's fees, affords her a comfortable support.
Congressman Ilill, of Joliet, was appointed by Mr.
Junes to assist Miss Chadwick, but she lias the su-
preme power. She remained on the farm a j'ear
after the death of the owner, straightening up
affairs and selling off eight}- acres, leaving five
hundred and sixt^' in the farm.

In 1883 Miss Chadwick bought a half acre in Man-
hattan upon which she erected three houses, later
building her own residence. She is an active and

liberal member of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, in
Manhattan Township, and a meml)cr of the Ladies'
Ouild, for which she has acted as delegate and
otherwise labored. She is a firm believer in the
principles of l\epul)licanism and exerts all the
influence which a woman of her standing can, in
favor of that partJ^

VljOHN McDonald. No resident of Frank-
fort Station is better known than this gen-
tleman, who deals in grain, lumber, coal,
hay and tile, and who has had an extended
experience as a grain merchant. No better judge of
grain can be found in the county- than John Mc-
Donald, and he was probably the largest buyer
within it in the early days of Frankfort Station.
He still handles large quantities, and is recognized
as the old and reliable grain merchant.

The grandfather of our subject was John Mc-
Donald, a native of the Highlands, in Scotland,
who ran awa}^ from his country during a revolu-
tion and became a farmer in Ireland. He had pre-
viously been an officer in the Scotch Rebellion.
In County Tipperar3% Ireland, his son John was
born, and he also became a farmer, continuing his
agricultural occupation uiitil his death. He was
also a road contractor. He married Ellen Gleason,
a native of the same county, who bore him five
children, namely: James, Patrick, Mary, Eliza-
beth and John. The latter is the only one now
surviving, and he alone came to America.

The natal daj' of our subject w.as December 11,
1823, and his birthplace in County Tipperary
some six miles from Nanah. There he attended
school three years, going back and forth every
day, and securing excellent advantages by paying
seven shillings per quarter. He read Latin and
Greek and became well versed in the ordinary
branches. He was assisted greatly in his aspira-
tions and labors by the fact the teiicher boarded
with his parents. The master was very strict,
compelling his pupils to polish their shoes, brush
their clothes and in other ways make themselves
presentable every morning. Mathematics was the

380

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

bobby of .young JoLin. who, while he was helping
on the farm and keeping his father's books, was
able to figure anything.

After keeping books for his fatlier two years, tlie
young man, at the age of eighteen j^ears, came to
America to see the country. Leaving Dublin for
Liverpool in the summer of 1841, he secured pass-
age on an American sailing-vessel and five weeks
later was landed in New York among strangers.
lie