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GENEALOGY COL.L.ECTION

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ARSHALL UOUNTY , iVANSAS,

CONTAINING

Full Page Portraits and Biographical Sketches of Prominent
and Representative Citizens of the County,

TOGETHER WITH

PORTRAITS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF ALL THE GOVERNORS OF THE STATE, AND
OF THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.

CHICAGO:

CHAPMAN BROS,
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jHE greatest of English historians, Macaui.ay, and one of the most brilliant writers of
the present century', has said: '-The history of a country is best told in a record of the
lives of its people." In coufornaity with this idea the Portrait and Biographical
Album of this county has been prepared. Instead of going to musty records, and
taking therefrom dry statistical matter tliat can be appreciated by but few, our
corps of writers have gone to the people, the men and women who have, by tlieir
enterprise and industry, brought the county to a ranic second to none among those
comprising this great and noble State, and from their lips have the story of tiieir life
struggles. No more interesting or instructive matter could be presented to an intelli-
gent public. In this volume will be found a record of many whose lives are worthy the
imitation of coming generations. It tells how some, commencing life in poverty, by
industry and economy have accumulated wealth. It tells how others, with limited
advantages for securing an education, have become learned men and women, with an
influence extending throughout the length and breadth of the land. It tells of men who
have risen from the lower walks of life to eminence as statesmen, and whose names have
become famous. It tells of those in every walk in life who have striven to succeed, and
records how that success has usually crowned their efforts. It tells also of many, very
man}', who, not seeking the applause of the world, have pursued "the even tenor of their way,'' content
to have it said of them as Christ said of the woman performing a deed of mercy — "they have done what
they could." It tells how that many in the pride and streugtii of young manhood left the plow and the
anvil, the lawyer's office and the counting-room, left every trade and profession, and at their country's
call went forth valiantly "to do or die," and how through their efforts the Union was restored and peace
once more reigned in the land. In the life of every man and of every woman is a lesson that should not
be lost upon those who follow after.

Coming generations will appreciate this volume and preserve it as a sacred treasure, from the fact
that it contains so much that would never find its way into public records, and which would otherwise be
inaccessible. Great care has been taken in the compilation of the work and every opportunity possible
given to those represented to insure correctness in what has been written, and the publishers flatter them-
selves that they give to their readers a work with few errors of consequence. In addition to the bioo'raph-
ical sketches, portraits of a number of representative citizens are given.

The faces of some, and biographical sketches of man}', will be missed in this volume. For this the
publishers are not to blame. Not having a proper conception of the work, some refused to give the
information necessary to compile a sketch, while others were indifferent. Occasionally some member of
the family would oppose the enterprise, and on account of such opposition the support of the interested
one would be withheld. In a few instances men could never be found, though repeated calls were made
at their residence or place of business.

,eQ„ CHAPMAN BROS.

Chicago, INovember, 1 b8','.

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j*\^/ T T T T

FIRST PRESIDENT.

HE Father of our Country was
Mg^born in Westmorland Co., Va.,
~^'Feb. 22, 1732. His parents
were Augustine and Mary
(Ball) Washington. The family
to which he belonged hns not
been satisfactorily traced in
England. His great-grand-
father, John Washington, em-
igrated to Virginia about 1657,
and became a prosperous
planter. He had two sons,
Lawrence and John. The
former married Mildred Warner
and had three children, John,
Augustine and Mildred. Augus-
tine, the father of George, first
married Jane Butler, who bore
him four children, two of whom,
Lawrence and Augustine, reached
maturity. Of six children by his
second marriage, George was the
eldest, the others being Betty,
Samuel, John Augustine, Charles
and Mildred.
Augustine Washington, the father of George, died
in 1743, leaving a large landed property. To his
eldest son, Lawrence, he bequeathed an estate on
the Patomac, afterwards known as Mount Vernon,
and to George he left the parental residence. George
received only such education as the neighborhood
schools afforded, save for a short time after he left
school, when he received private instruction in
mathematics. His spelling v/as rather defectivs.

Remarkable stories are told of his great physical
strength and development at an early age. He was
an acknowledged leader among his companions, and
was early noted for that nobleness of character, fair-
ness and veracity which characterized his whole life.

When George was 14 years old he had a desire to go to
sea, and a midshipman's warrant was secured for him,
but through the opposition of his mother the idea was
abandoned. Two years later he was appointed
surveyor to the immense estate of Lord Fairfax. In
this business he spent three years in a rough frontier
life, gaining experience which afterwards proved vsiy
essential to him. In 1751, though only 19 years of
age, he was appointed adjutant with the rank of
major in the Virginia militia, then being trained for
active service against the French and Indians. Soon
after this he sailed to the West Indies with his brother
Lawrence, who went there to restore his health They
soon returned, and in the summer of 1752 Lawrence
died, leaving a large fortune to an infant daughter
who did not long survive him. On her demise the
estate of Mount Vernon was given to George.

Upon the arrival of Robert Dinwiddie, as Lieuten-
ant-Governor of Virginia, in 1752, the militia was
reorganized, and the province divided into four mili-
tary districts, of which the northern was assigned to
Washington as adjutant general. Shortly after this
a very perilous mission was assigned him and ac-
cepted, which others had refused. This was to pro-
ceed to the French post near Lake Erie ni North-
western Pennsylvania. The distance to be traversed
was between 500 and 600 miles. Winter was at hand,
and the journey was to be made without military
escort, through a territory occupied by Indians. The

GEORGE WASHINGTON.

trip was a perilous one, and several limes he came near
losing his life, yet he returned in safety and furnished
a full and useful report of his expedition. A regiment
of 300 men was raised in Virginia and put in com-
mand of Col. Joshua Fry, and Major Washington was
commissioned lieutenant-colonel. Active war was
then begun against the French and Indians, in which
Washington took a most important part. In the
memorable event of July 9, 1755, known as Brad-
dock's defeat, Washington was almost the only officer
of distinction who escaped from the calamities of the
day with life and honor. The other aids of Braddock
were disabled early in the action, and Washington
alone was left in that capacity on the field. In a letter
to his brother he says : " I had four bullets through
my coat, and two horses shot under me, yet I escaped
unhurt, though death was leveling my companions
on every side." An Indian sharpshooter said he was
not born to be killed by a bullet, for he had taken
direct aim at him seventeen times, and failed to hit
him.

After having been five years in the military service,
and vainly sought promotion in the royal army, he
took advantage of the fall of Fort Duquesne and the
expulsion of the French from the valley of the Ohio,
CO resign his conmiission. Soon after he entered the
Legislature, where, although not a leader, he took an
active and important part. January 17, 1759, he
married Mrs. Martha (Dandridge) Custis, the wealthy
widow of John Parke Custis.

When the British Parliament had closed the port
■jf Boston, the cry went up throughout the provinces
that "The cause of Boston is the cause of us all."
It was then, at the suggestion of Virginia, that a Con-
gress of all the colonies was called to meet at Phila-
delphia,Sept. 5, 1774, to secure their common liberties,
peaceably if possible. To this Congress Col. Wash-
ington was sent as a delegate. On May 10, 1775, the
Congress re-assembled, when the hostile intentions of
England were plainly apparent. The Jjattles of Con-
cord and Lexington had been fought. Among the
first acts of this Congress was the election of a com-
mander-in-chief of the colonial forces. This high and
responsible office was conferred upon Washington,
wlio was still a member of the Congress. He accepted
it on June 19, but upon the express condition that he
receive no salary. He would keep an exact account
of expenses and expect Congress lo pay them and
nothing more. It is not the object of this sketch to
trace the military acts of Washington, to whom the
fortunes and liberties of the people of this country
were so long confided. The war was conducted by
him under ever}' possible disadvantage, and while his
forces often met with reverses, yet he overcame every
obstacle, and after seven years of heroic devotion
and matchless skill he gained liberty for the greatest
nation of earth. On Dec. 23, 17S3, Wasliington, in
a parting address of surpassing beauty, resigned his

commission as commander-in-chief of the army to
to the Continental Congress sitting at Annapolis. He
retired immediately to Mount Vernon and resumed
his occupation as a farmer and planter, shunning all
connection with public life.

In February, 1 7 89, Washington was unanimously
elected President. In his presidential career he was
subject to the peculiar trials incidental to a new
government ; trials from lack of confidence on the part
of other governments ; trials from want of harmony
between the different sections of our own country;
trials from the impoverished condition of the country,
owing to the war and want of credit; trials from the
beginnings of party strife. He was no partisan. His
clear judgment could discern the golden mean ; and
wiiile perhaps this alone kept our government from
sinking at the very outset, it left him exposed to
attacks from both sides, which were often bitter and
very annoying.

At the expiration of his first term he was unani-
mously re-elected. At the end of this term* many
were anxious that he be re-elected, but he absolutely
refused a third nomination. On the fourth of March,
1797, at the expiraton of his second term as Presi-
dent, he returned to his home, hoping to pass there
his few remaining years free from the annoyances of
public life. Later in the year, however, his repose
seemed likely to be interrupted by war with France.
At the prospect of such a war he was again urged to
take command of the armies. He chose his sub-
ordinate officers and left to them the charge of mat-
ters in the field, which he superintended from his
home. In accepting the command he made the
reservation that he was not to be in the field until
it was necessary. In the midst of these preparations
his life was suddenly cut off. December 12, he took
a severe cold from a ride in the rain, which, settling
in h's throat, produced inflammation, and terminated
fatally on the night of the fourteenth. On the eigh-
teenth his body was borne wi'h military honors to its
final resting place, and interred in the family vault at
Mount Vernon.

Of the character of Washington it is impossible to
speak but in terms of the highest respect and ad-
miration. The more we see of the operations of
our government, and the more deeply we feel the
difficulty of uniting all opinions in a common interes*,
the more highly we must estimate the force cf his tal-
ent and cliaracter, which have been able to challenge
the reverence of all parties, and principles, and na-
tions, and to win a fame as extended as the limits
of the globe, and which we cannot but believe will
be as lasting as the existence of man.

The person of Washington was unusally tan, erect
and well |iroportioned. His muscular strength was
great. His features were of a beautiful symmetry.
He commanded respect without any appcararce of
li.Tugh'iness, and ever serious without being dull.

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biLJOND PRESIDENT.

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OHN ADAMS, the second
„ President and the first Vice-
President of the United States,
was born in Braintree ( now
Quincy ),Mass., and about ten
miles from Boston, Oct. 19,
1735. His great-grandfather, Henry-
Adams, emigrated from England
about 1 640, with a family of eight
sons, and settled at Braiutree. The
parents of John were John and
Susannah (Boylston) Adams, His
father was a farmer of limited
means, to which he added the bus-
iness of shoemaking. He gave his
eldest son, John, a classical educa-
tion at Harvard College. John
graduated in 1755, and at once took charge of the
school in Worcester, Mass. This he found but a
"school of affliction," from which he endeavored to
gain relief by devoting himself, in addition, to the
study of law. For this purpose he placed himself
under the tuition of the only lawyer in the town. He
had thought seriously of the clerical profession
but seems to have been turned from this by what he
termed " the frightful engines of ecclesiastical coun-
cils, cf diabolical malice, and Calvanistic good nature,''
of the operations of which he had been a witness in
his native town. He was well fitted for the legal
profession, possessing a clear, sonorous voice, being
ready and fluent of speech, and having quick percep-
tive powers. He gradually gained practice, and in
1764 married Abigail Smith, a daughter of a minister,
and a lady of superior intelligence. Shortly after his
marriage, (1765), the attempt of Parliamentary taxa-
tion turned him from law to politics. He took initial
steps toward huldinj, a town meeting, and the resolu-

tions he offered on the subject became very popular
throughout the Province, and were adopted word for
word by over forty different towns. He moved to Bos-
ton in 1768, and became one of the most courageous
and prominent advocates of the popular cause, and
was chosen a member of the General Court (the Leg-
lislature) in 1770.

Mr. Adams was chosen one of the first delegateo
from Massachusetts to the first Continental Congress,
which met in 1774. Here he distinguished himseh
by his capacity for business and for debate, and ad-
vocated the movement for independence against tbs
majority of the members. In May, 1776, he moved
and carried a resolution in Congress that the Colonies
should assume the duties of self-government. He
was a prominent member of the committee of ave
appointed June rr, to prepare a declaration of inde-
pendence. This article was drawn by Jefferson, but
on Adams devolved the task of battling it through
Congress in a three days debate.

On the day after the Declaration of Independence
was passed, while his soul was yet warm with th;
glow of excited feeling, he wrote a letter to his wife
which, as we read it now, seems to have been dictated
by the spirit of prophecy. "Yesterday," he says, "the
greatest question was decided that ever was debated
in America; and greater, perhaps, never was or wil,
be decided among men. A resolution was passed
without one dissenting colony, ' that these United
States are, and of right ought to be, free and inde-
pendent states.' The day is passed. The fourth of
July, 1776, will be a memorable e[ioch in the history
of America. I am ajrf to believe it will be celebrated
by succeeding generations, as the great anniversary
festival. It ought to be commemorated as the day of
deliverance by solemn acts of devotion to Almighty
God. It ought to be solemnized with pomp, showsi

JOHN ADAMS.

games, sports, guns, bells, bonfires, and illuminations
from one end of the continent to the other, from this
time forward for ever. You will think me transported
with enthusiasm, but I am not. I am well aware of
the toil, and blood and treasure, that it will cost to
maintain this declaration, and support and defend
these States; yet, through all the gloom, I can see the
rays -of light and glory. I can see that the end is
worth more than all the means; and that posterity
will triumph, although you and I may rue, which I
hope we shall not."

In November, 1777, Mr. Adams was appointed a
delegate to France and to co-operate with Bemjamin
Franklin and Arthur Lee, who were then in Paris, in
the endeavor to obtain assistance in arms and money
from the French Government. This was a severe trial
to his patriotism, as it separated him from his home,
compelled him to cross the ocean in winter, and ex-
posed him to great peril of capture by the British cruis-
ers, who were seeking him. He left France June 17,
1779. In September of the same year he was again
chosen to go to Paris, and there hold himself in readi-
ness to negotiate a treaty of peace and of commerce
with Great Britian, as soon as the British Cabinet
might be found willing to listen to such proposels. He
sailed for France in November, from there he went to
Holland, where he negotiated important loans and
formed important commercial treaties

Finally a treaty of peace with England was signed
Jan. 21, 1783. The re-action from the excitement,
toil and anxiety through which Mr. Adams had passed
threw him into a fever. After suffering from a con-
tinued fever and becoming feeble and emaciated he
was advised to go to England to drink the waters of
Bath, ^\'hile in England, still drooping anddesjxmd-
ing, he received dispatches from his own government
urging the necessity of his going to Amsterdam to
negotiate another loan. It was winter, his health was
delicate, yet he immediately set out, and through
-storm, on sea, on horseback and foot,he made the trip.

February 24, r785; Congress appointed'Mr. Adams
envoy to the Court of St. James. Here he met face
■ to face the King of England, who had so long re-
garded him as a traitor. As England did not
condescend to appoint a minister to the United
States, and as Mr. Adams felt that he was accom-
plishing but little, he sought ]5ermission to return to
liis own country, where he arrived in June, 1788.

When Washington was first chosen President, John
Adams, rendered illustiious by his signal services at
home and abroad, was chosen Vice President. Again
at the second election of Washington as President,
Adams was chosen Vice President. In 1796, Wash-
ington retired from public life, and Mr. Adams was
elected President, though not without much opposition.
.Serving in this office four vears.he was succeeded h\
Mr. Jefferson, his opponent in politics.

While Mr. Adams was Vice President the great

French Revolution shook the continent of Europe,
and it was upon this point which he was at issue with
the majority of his countrymen led by Mr. Jefferson.
Mr. Adams felt no sympathy with the French people
in their struggle, for he had no confidence in their
power of self-government, and he utterly abhored the
class of atheist philosophers who he claimed caused it.
On the other hand Jefferson's sympathies were strongly
enlisted in behalf of the French people. Hence or-
iginated the alienation between these distinguished
men, and two powerful parties were thus soon organ-
ized, Adams at the head of the one whose sympathies
were with England and Jefferson led the other in
sympathy with France.

The world has seldom seen a spectacle of more
moral beauty and grandeur, than was presented by the
old age of Mr. Adams. The violence of party feeling
had died away, and he had begun to receive that just
appreciation which, to most men, is not accorded till
after death. No one could look upon his venerable
form, and think of what he had done and suffered,
and how he had given up all the prime and strength
of his life to the public good, without the deepest
emotion of gratitude and respect. It was his peculiar
good fortune to witness the complete success of the
institution which he had been so active in creating and
supporting. In 1824, his cup of happiness was filled
to the brim, by seeing his son elevated to the highest
station in the gift of the people.

The fourth of July, 1826, which completed the half
century since the signing of the Declaration of Inde-
pendence, arrived, and there were but three of the
signers of that immortal instrument left upon the
earth to \vx\\ its morning light. And, as it is
well known, on that day two of these finished theii
earthly pilgrimfge, a coincidence so remarkable as
to seem miraculous. For a few days before Mr.
Adams had lieen rapidly failing, and on the morning
of the fourth he found hmiself too weak to rise from
his bed. On being requested to name a toast for the
customary celebration of the day, he exclaimed " In-
dependence FOREVER." When the day was ushered
in, by the ringing of bells and the firing of cannons,
he was asked by one of his ::ttendants if he knew
what day it was? He replied, "O yes; it is the glor-
ious fourth of July — God bless it — God bless you all."
In the course of the day he said, "It is a great and
glorious day." The last words he uttered were,
"Jefferson survives." But he had, at one o'clock, re-
signed his spiiit into the hands of his God.

The personal appearance and manners of Mr.
Adams were not particularly prepossessing. His face,
as his portrait manifests,was intellectual ard expres ■
sive, but his figure was low and ungraceful, and his
manners were frequently abrupt and imcourteous.
He had neither the lofty dignity of Washington, nor
the engaging elegance and gracefulness which marked
the manners and address of Teffer.son.

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THIRD PRESIDENT.

1 DMAS JErPEHs'o"lirfi

HOMAS JEFFERSON was
born April 2, 1743, at Shad-
\vell, Albermarle county, Va.
His parents were Peter and
Jane ( Randolph) Jefferson,
the former a native of Wales,
and the latter born in Lon-
don. To them were born six
daughters and two sons, of
whom Thomas was the elder.
When 14 years of age his
father died. He received a
most liberal education, hav-
ing been kept diligently at school
fronr the time he was five years of
age. In 1760 he entered William
and Mary College. Williamsburg was then the seat
of the Colonial Court, and it was the obode of fashion
a. id splendor. Young Jefferson, who was then 17
years old, lived somewhat expensively, keeping fine
horses, and much caressed by gay society, yet he
was earnestly devoted to his studies, and irreproacha-
able in his morals. It is strange, however, under
such influences, that he was not ruined. In the sec-
ond year of his college course, moved by some un-
explained inward impulse, he discarded his horses,
society, and even his favorite violin, to which he had
previously given much time. He often devoted fifteen
hours a day to hard study, allowing himself for ex-
ercise only a run in the evening twilight of a mile out
of the city and back again. He thus attained very
high intellectual culture, alike excellence in philoso-
phy and the languages. The most difficult Latin and
Greek authors he read with facility. A more finished
scholar has seldom gone forth from college halls; and

there was not to be found, perhaps, in all Virginia, a
more pureminded, upright, gentlemanly young man.

Immediately upon leaving college he began the
study of law. For the short time he continued in the
practice of his profession he rose rapidly and distin-
guished himself by his energy and accuteness as a
lawyer. But the times called for greater action.
The policy of England had awakened the spirit of
resistance of the American Colonies, and the enlarged
views which Jefferson had ever entertained, soon led
him into active political life. In 1769 he was chosen
a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses. In
1772 he married Mrs. Martha Skelton, a very beauti-
ful, wealthy and highly accomplished young widow.

Upon Mr. Jeff'erson's large estate atShadwell, there
was a majestic swell of land, called Monticello, which
commanded a prospect of wonderful extent and
beauty. This spot Mr. Jefferson selected for his new
home; and here he reared a mansion of modest yet
elegant architecture, which, next to Mount Vernon,
became the most distinguished resort in our land.

In 1775 he was sent to the Colonial Congress,
where, though a silent member, his abilities as a
writer and a reasoner soon become known, and he
was placed upon a number of important committees,
and was chairman of the one appointed for the draw-
ing up of a declaration of independence. This com-
mittee consisted of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams.
Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R.
Livingston. Jefferson, as chairman, was ap.|)ointed
to draw up the paper. Franklin and Adams suggested
a few verbal changes before it was submitted to Con-
gress. On June 28, a few slight changes were made
in it by Congress, and it was passed and signed July
4, 1776. What must have been the feelings of that

THOMAS JEFFERSON.

man — what the emotions that swelled his breast —
who was charged with the preparation of that Dec-
laration, vvhicji, while it made known the wrongs of
America, was also to publish her to the world, free,
i;overign and independent. It is one of the most re-
■ narkable papers ever written ; and did no other effort
1/ the mind of its author exist, that alone would be
sufficient to stamp his name with immortality.

In 1779 Mr. Jefferson was elected successor to
Patrick Henry, as Governor of Virginia. At one time
the British otficer, Tarleton, sent a secret expedition to
Monticello, to capture the Governor. Scarcely five
minutes elapsed after the hurried escape of Mr. Jef-
ferson and his family, ere his mansion was in posses-
sion of the British troops. His wife's health, never
very good, was much injured by this excitement, and
in the summer of 1782 she died.

Mr. Jefferson was elected to Congress in 1783.
Two years later he was appointed Minister Plenipo-
tentiary to France. Returning to the United States
in September, r789, he became Secretary of State
ui Washington's cabinet. This position he resigned
Jan. 7, 1794. In 1797, he was chosen Vice Presi-
dent, and four years later was elected President over
Mr. Adams, with Aaron Burr as Vice President. In
1804 he was re-elected with wonderful unanimity,
and George Clinton, Vice President.

The early part of Mr. Jefferson's second adminstra-
tion was disturbed by an event which threatened the
tranquility and peace of the Union ; this was tlie con-
spiracy of Aaron Burr. Defeated in the late election
to the Vice Presidency, and led on by an unprincipled
ambition, this extraordinary man for.med tlie plan of a
military expedition into the Spanish territories on our
southwestern frontier, for the purpose of forming there
a new republic. This has been generally supposed
was a mere pretext ; and although it has not been
generally known what his real plans were, there is no
doubt that they were of a far more dangerous
character.

In 1809, at the expiration of the second term for
which Mr. Jefferson had been elected, he determined
to retire from political life. For a period of nearly
forty years, he had been continually before the pub-
lic, and all that time had been employed in offices of
the greatest trust and responsibility. Having thus de-
voted the best part of his life to the service of his
country, he now felt desirous of that rest which his
declining years required, and ujwn the organization of
the new administration, in March, 1809, he bid fare-
well forever to public life, and retired to Monticello.

Mr. Jefferson was profuse in his hospitality. Whole
families came in their coaches with their horses, —
fathers and mothers, boys and girls, babies and
nurses, — and remained three and even six months.
Life at Monticello, for years, resembled that at a
fashionable watering-place.

The fourth of July, 7826, being the fiftieth anniver-

sary of the Declaration of American Independence^
great preparations were made in every part of the
Union for its celebration, as the nation's jubilee, and
the citizens of Washington, to add to the solemnity
of the occasion, invited Mr. Jefferson, as the framer,
and one of the few surviving signers of the Declara-
tion, to participate in their testivities. But an ill-
ness, which had been of several weeks duration, and
had been continually increasing, compelled him to
decline the invitation.

On the second of July, the disease under which
he was laboring left him, but in such a reduced
state that his medical attendants, entertained no
hope of his recovery. From this time he was perfectly
sensible that his last hour was at hand. On the next
d;iy, which was Monday, he asked of those around
him, the day of the month, and on being told it was
the third of July, he expresied the earnest wish that
he might be permitted to breathe the air of the fiftieth
anniversary. His prayer was heard — that day, whose
dawn was hailed with such rapture through our land,
burst upon his eyes, and then they were closed for-
ever. And what a noble consummation of a noble
life! To die on that day, — the birthday of a nation,- -
the day v/hich his own name and his own act had
rendered glorious; to die amidst the rejoicings and
festivities of a whole nation, who looked up to him,
as the author, under God, of their greatest blessings,
was all that was wanting to fill up the record his life.

Almost at the same hour of his death, the kin-
dred spirit of the venerable Adams, as if to bear
him company, left the scene of his earthly honors.
Hand in hand they had stood forth, the champions of
freedom; hand in hand, during the dark and desper-
ate struggle of the Revolution, they had cheered and
animated their desponding countrymen; for half a
century they had labored together for the good of
the country; and now hand in hand they dejjart.
In their lives they had been united in the same great
cause of liberty, and in their deaths they were not
divided.

In person Mr. Jefferson was tall and thin, rather
above six feet in height, but well formed;, his eyes
were light, his hair originally red, in after life became
white and silvery ; his complexion was fair, his fore-
head broad, and his whole countenance intelligent and
thoughtful. He possessed great fortitr.de of mind as
well as personal courage ; and his command of tem-
per was such that his oldest and most intimate friends
never recollected to have seen him in a passion.
His manners, though dignified, were simple and un-
affected, and his hospitality was so unbounded that
all found at his house a ready welcome. In conver-
sation he was fluent, eloquent and enthusiastic ; and
his language was remarkably pure and correct. He
was a finished classical scholar, and in his writings is
discernable the care with which he formed his style
upon the best models of antiquity.

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(tiM-^ /T'lv

FOURTH F RESIDENT.

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#vif-;i

AMES MADISON, "Father
of the Constitution/' and fourth
^''President of the United States,
was born March i6, 1757, and
died at his home in Virginia,
"*=^ June 28, 1836. The name of
James Madison is inseparably con-
nected with most of the important
events in that heroic period of our
country during which the founda-
tions of this great repubUc were
laid. He was the last of the founders
of the Constitution of the United
States to be called to his eternal
reward.

The Madison family were among
the early emigrants to the New World,
landing upon the shores of the Chesa-
peake but 15 years after the settle-
ment of Jamestown. The father of
James Madison was an opulent
planter, residing upon a very fine es-

ftate called "Montpelier," Orange Co.,
...
Va. The mansion was situated in
the midst of scenery highly pictur-
i esque and romantic, on the west side
of South-west Mountain, at the foot of
Blue Ridge. It was but 25 miles from the home of
Jefferson at Monticello. The closest personal and
political attachment existed between these illustrious
men, from their early youth until death.

The early education of Mr. Madison was conducted
mostly at home under a private tutor. At the age of
18 he was sent to Princeton College, in New Jersey.
Here he applied himself to study with the most im-

prudent zeal; allowing himself, for months, but three
hours' sleep out of the 24. His health thus became so
seriously impaired that he never recovered any vigor
of constitution. He graduated in 177 i, with a feeble
body, with a character of utmost purity, and with a
mind highly disciplined and richly stored with learning
which embellished and gave proficiency to his subsr
quent career.

Returning to Virginia, he commenced the study of
law and a course of extensive and systematic reading.
This educational course, the spirit of the times in
which he lived, and the society with which he asso-
ciated, all combined to inspire him with a strong
love of liberty, and to train him for his life-woik of
a statesman. Being naturally of a religious turn of
ip.ind, and his frail health leading him to think that
his life \v&& not to be long, he directed especial atten-
tion to theological studies. Endowed with a mind
singularly free from passion and prejudice, and with
almost unequalled powers of reasoning, he weighed
all the arguments for and against revealed religion,
until his faith became so established as never to
be shaken.

In the spring of 1776, when 26 years of age, he
was elected a member of the Virginia Convention, to
frame the constitution of the State. The next year
(1777), he was a candidate for the General Assembh'.
He refused to treat the whisky-lovir.g voters, and
consequently lost his election ; but those who had
witnessed the talent, energy and public spirit of the
modest young man, enlisted themselves in his behalf,
and he was appointed to the Executive Council.

Both Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson were
Governors of Virginia while Mr. Madison remained
member of the Council ; and their appreciation of liis

JAMES MADISON.

intellectual, social and moral worth; contributed not
a little to his subsequent eminence. In the year
1780, he was elected a member of the Continental
Congress. Here he met the most illustrious men in
our land, and he was immediately assigned to one of
the most conspicuous positions among them.

For three years Mr. Madison continued in Con-
gress, one of its most active and influential members.
In tne year 1784, his term having expired, he was
elected a mernber of the Virginia Legislature.

No man felt more deeply than Mr. Madison the
utter inefficiency of the old confederacy, with no na-
tional government, with no power to form treaties
which would be binding, or to enforce law. There
was not any State more prominent than Virginia in
the declaration, that an efificient national government
must be formed. In January, 1786, Mr. Madison
carried a resolution through the General Assembly of
Virginia, inviting the other States to appoint commis-
sioners to meet in convention at Annapolis to discuss
this subject. Five States only were represented. The
convention, however, issued another call, drawn up
by Mr. Madison, urgmg all the States to send their
delegates to Philadelphia, in May, 1787, to draft
a Constitution for the United States, 10 take the place
of that Confederate League. The delegates met at
the time appointed. Every State but Rhode Island
was represented. George Washington was chosen
president of the convention ; and the present Consti-
tution of the United States was then and there formed.
Inhere was, perhaps, no mind and no pen more ac-
tive in framing this immortal document than the mind
and the pen of James Madison.

The Constitution, adopted by a vote 81 to 79, was
to be presented to the several States for acceptance.
But grave solicitude was felt. Should it be rejected
we should be left but a conglomeration of independent
States, with but little jxjwer at home and little respect
abroad. Mr. Madison was selected by tne conven-
tion to draw up an address to the people of the United
States, expounding the principles of the Constitution,
and urging its adoption. There was great opposition
to it at first, but it at length triumphed over all, and
went into effect in 1789.

Mr. Madison was elected to the House of Repre-
sentatives in the first Congress, and soon became the
avowed leader of the Republican party. While in
New York attending Congress, he met Mrs Todd, a
young widow of remarkable power of fascination,
whom he married. She was in person and character
queenly, and probably no lady has thus far occujiied
so prominent a position in the very peculiar society
which has constituted our republican court as i\Irs.
Madison.

Mr. Madison served as Secretary of State under
Jefferson, and at the close of his . administration
was chosen President. At this time the encroach-
ments of England had lirousht us to the verge of war.

British orders in council destioyed our commerce, and
our flag was exposed to constant insult. Mr. Madison
was a man of peace. Scholarly in his taste, retiring
in his disposition, war had no charms for him. But the
meekest spirit can be roused. It makes one's blood
boil, even now, to think of an American ship brought
to, upon the ocean, by the guns of an English cruiser.
A young lieutenant steps on board and orders the
crew to be paraded before him. With great nonchal-
ance he selects any number whom he may please to
designate as British subjects ; orders them down the
ship's side into his boat ; and places them on the gun-
deck of his man-of-war, to fight, by compulsion, the
battles of England. This right of search and im-
pressment, no efforts of our Government could induce
the British cabinet to relinquish.

On the i8th of June, 1812, President Madison gave
his approval to an act of Congress declaring war
against Great Britain. Notwithstanding the bitter
hostility of the Federal party to the war, the countrj-
in general approved; and iNIr. Madison, on the 4th
of March, 1 8 13, was re-elected by a large majority,
and entered upon his second term of office. This is
not the place to describe the various adventurss of
this war on the land and on the water. Our infant
navy then laid the foundations of its renown in grap-
pling with the most formidable power which ever
swept the seas. The contest commenced in earnest
by the appearance of a British flett, early in Februaiy,
1813, in Chesapeake Bay, declaring nearly the whole
coast of the Lhiited States under blockade.

The F^raperor of Russia offered his services as me
ditator. America accepted ; England refused. A Brit-
ish force of five thousand men landed on tiie banks
of the Patu.xet River, near its entrance into Chesa-
peake Bay, and marched rapidly, by way of Bladens-
burg, upon Washington.

The straggling little city of Washington was thrown
into consternation. The cannon of the brief conflict
at Bladensburg echoed through the streets of the
metropolis. The whole population fled from the city.
The President, leaving Mrs. Madison in the White
House, with her carriage drawn up at the door to
await his Sjjeedy return, hurried to meet the ofificers
in a council of war. He met our troops utterly routed,
and he could not go back without danger of being
captured. But few hours elapsed ere the Presidential
Mansion, the Capitol, and all the public buildings in
Washington were in flames.

The war closed after two years of fighting, and on
Feb. 13, 1815, the treaty of peace was signed at Ghent.

On the 4th of March, 1817, his second term of
office expired, and he resigned the Presidential chair
to his friend, James Monroe. He retired to his beau-
tiful home at Montpelier, and there passed the re-
mainder of his days. On June 28, 1836, then at the
age of 85 years, he fell asleep in death. Mrs. Madi-
son died July 12, 1849.

^^^

FIFTH FRESIDENT.

^ WW& W>WW- «fe.

1157652

AMES MONROE, the fifth
.Presidentof The United States,
was born in Westmoreland Co.,
Va., April 28, 1758. His early-
life was passed at the place of
nativity. His ancestors had for
many years resided in the prov-
nice in which he was born. "When,
at 17 years of age, in the process
«' of completing his education at
William and Mary College, the Co-
lonial Congress assembled at Phila-
delphia to deliberate upon the un-
just and manifold oppressions of
Great Britian, declared the separa-
tion of the Colonies, and promul-
gated the Declaration of Indepen-
dence. Had he been born ten years before it is highly
probable that he would have been one of the signers
of that celebrated instrument. At this time he left
school and enlisted among the patriots.

He joined the army, when everything looked hope-
less and gloomy. The number of deserters increased
from day to day. The invading armies came pouring
in ; and the tories not only favored the cause of the
mother country, but disheartened the new recruits,
who were sufficiently terrified at the prospect of con-
tending with an enemy whom they had been taught
to deem invincible. To such brave spirits as James
Monroe, who went right onward, undismayed through
difficulty and danger, the United States owe their
political emancipation. The young cadet joined the
ranks, and espoused the cause of his injured country,
with a firm determination to live or die with her strife

for liberty. Firmly yet sadly he shared in the mel-
ancholy retreat from Harleam Heights and White
Plains, and accompanied the dispirited army as it fled
before its foes through New Jersey. In four months
after the Declaration of Independence, the patriots
had been beaten in seven battles. At the battle of
Trenton he led the vanguard, and, in the act of charg-
ing upon the enemy he received a wound in the left
shoulder.

As a reward for his bravery, Mr. Monroe was pro-
moted a captain of infantry ; and, having recovered
from his wound, he rejoined the army. He, however,
receded from the line of promotion, by becoming an
officer in the staff" of Lord Sterling. During the cam-
paigns of 1777 and 1778, in the actions of Brandy
wine, Germantown and Monmouth, he continued
aid-de-canip ; but becoming desirous to regain his
position in the army, he exerted himself to collect a
regiment for the Virginia line. This scheme failed
owing to the exhausted condition of the State. Upon
this failure he entered the office of Mr. Jefferson, at
that period Governor, and pursued, with considerable
ardor, the study of common law. He did not, however,
entirely lay aside the knapsack for the green bag;
but on tiie invasions of the enemy, served as a volun-
teer, during the two years of his legal pursuits.

In 17 82, he was elected from King George county,
a member of the Leglislature of Virginia, and by that
body he was elevated to a seat in the Executive
Council. He was thus honored with the confidence
of his fellow citizens at 23 years of age ; and having
at this early period displayed some of that ability
and aptitude for legislation, which were afterwards
employed with unremittii^g energy for the public good,

JAMES MONROE.

be was in the succeeding year chosen a member of
ihe Congress of the United States.
Deeplyas Mr. Moiiroefelt the imperfections of the old
Confederacy, he was opposed to the new Constitution,
ihinking, with many others of ^he Republican party,
that it gave too much power to the Central Government,
and not enough to the individual States. Still he re-
tained the esteem of his friends who were its warm
supporters, and who, notwithstanding his opposition
secured its adoption. In 1789, he became a member
of the United States Senate ; which office he held for
four years. Every month the line of distinction be-
tween the two great parties which divided the nation,
the Federal and the Republican, was growing more
distinct. The two prominent iaeas which now sep-
arated them were, that the Republican party was in
sympathy with France, and also in favor of such a
strict construction of tlie Constitution as to give the
Central Government as little power, and the State
Governments as much ijower, as the Constitution would
warrant. The Federalists sympathized with England,
and were in favor of a liberal constrtiction of the Con-
stitution, which would give as much power to the
Central Government as that document could possibly
authoriee.

The leading Federalists and Republicans were
alike noble men, consecrating all their energies to the
good of the nation. Two more honest men or more
pure patriots than John Adams the Federalist, and
James Monroe the Republican, never breathed. In
building up this majestic nation, which is destined
to eclipse all Grecian and Assyrian greatness, the com-
bination of their antagonism was needed to create the
light equilibrium. And yet each in his day was de-
nounced as almost a demon.

Washington was then President. England had es-
poused the cause of the Bourbons against the princi-
ples of the French Revolution. All Europe was drawn
into the conflict. We were feeble and far away.
Washington issued a proclamation of neutrality be-
tween these contending powers. France had helped
us in the struggle for our liberties. All the despotisms
of Europe were now combined to prevent the French
from escaping from a tyranny a thousand-fold worse
than that which we had endured Col. Monroe, more
magnanimous than prudent, was anxious that, at
whatever hazard, we sliould help our old allies in
their extremity. It was the impulse of a generous
and noble nature. He violently opposed the Pres-
ident's proclara-ation as ungrateful and wanting in
magnanimity.

Washington, who could appreciate such a character,
developed his calm, serene, almost divine greatness,
by appointing that very James Monroe, who was de-
nouncing the policy of the Government, as the minister
of that Government to the Republic of France. Mr.
Monroe was welcomed by the National Convention
in France with the most enthusiastic demonstrations.

Shortly after his return to this country, Mr. Mon-
roe was elected Governor of Virginia, and held the
office for three yeais. He was again sent to Prance to
co-operate with Chancellor Livingston in obtaining
the vast territory tlien known as the Province of
Louisiana, which France had but shortly before ob-
tained from Spain. Tneir united efforts were sue
cessful. For the comparatively small sum of fifteen
millions of dollars, the entire territory of Orleans and
district of Louisiana were added to the United States.
This was probably the largest transfer of real estate
which was ever made in all the history of the world.

From France Mr. Monroe went to England to ob-
tain from that country some recognition of our
rights as neutrals, and to remonstrate against those
odious impressments of our seamen. But Eng-
land was unrelenting. He again returned to Eng-
land on the same mission, but could receive no
redress. He returned to his home and was again
chosen Governor of Virginia. This he soon resigned
to accept the position of Secretary of State under
Madison. While in this office war with England was
declared, the Secretary of War resigned, and during
these trying times, the duties of the War Department
were also put upon him. He was truly the armor-
bearer of President Madison, and the most efficient
business man in his cabinet. Upon the return oi
peace he resigned the Department of War, but con-
tinued in the office of Secretary of State until the ex-
piration of Mr. Madison's adminstration. At the elec
tion held the previous autumn Mr. Monroe himself had
been chosen President with but little opposition, and
upon March 4, 1817, was inaugurated. Four years
later he was elected for a second term.

Among the important measures of his Presidency
were the cession of Florida to the United States; the
Missouri Compromise, and the " Monroe doctrine.'

This famous doctrine, since known as the " Monroe
doctrine," was enunciated by him in 1823. At that
time the United Stales had recognized the independ-
ence of the South American states, and did not \\ish
to have European powers longer attempting to sub-
due portions of the American Continent. The doctrine
is as follows: "That we should consider any attempt
on the part of European powers to extend their sys-
tem to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous
to our peace and safety," and "that we could not
view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing
or controlling American governments or provinces in
any other light than as a manifestation l)y Euro]iean
powers of an unfriendly disposition toward the United
States." This doctrine immediateh' affected the course
of foreign governments, and has become the approved
sentiment of the United States.

At the end of his second term Mr, Monroe retired
to his home in Virginia, where he lived until r83o,
when he went to New York to live with his son-in-
law. In that city he died, on the 4th of July, 1S31

J, 5, Al

rurtxS

SIXTH PRESIDENT.

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W}^. QniI]6Y ^D^IIQS.

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OHN QUINCY ADAMS, the
sixth President of the United
"States, was born in the rural
home of his honored father,
John Adams, in Qiiincy, Mass.,
on the I ith cf July, 1767. His
mother, a woman of exalted
worth, watched over his childhood
daring the almost constant ab-
sence of his father. When but
eight years of age, he stood with
' his motlier on an eminence, listen-
ing to the booming of the great bat-
tle on Bunker's Hill, and gazing on
upon the smoke and flames billow-
ing up from the conflagration of
Charlestown.

When but eleven years old he
took a tearful adieu of his mother,
to sail with his fatner for Europe,
through a fleet of liostile British cruisers. The bright,
animated boy spent a year and a half in Paiis, where
his father was associated with Franklin and Lee as
minister plenipotentiary. His intelligence attracted
the notice of these distinguished men, and he received
from them flattering mnrks of attention.

Mr. John Adams had scarcely returned to this
country, in 1779, ere he was again sent abroad. Again
Tohn Quincy accompanied his father. At Paris he
applied himself with great diligence, for six months,
to :.tudy; then accompained his father to Holland,
v/nere he entered, first a school in Amsterdam, then
the University at Leyden. About a year from this
time, in 1781, when the manly boy was but fourteen
yea-s of age, he was selected by Mr. Dana, our min-
ister to the Russian court, as his private secretary.

In this school of incessant labor and of enobling
culture he spent fourteen months, and then returned
to Holland through Sweden, Denmark, Hamburg and
Bremen. This long journey he took alone, in the
winter, when in his sixteenth year. Again he resumed
his studies, under a private tutor, at Hague. Thence,

in tiie spring of 1782, he accompanied his father to
Paris, traveling leisurely, and forming acquaintance
with the most distinguished men on tlie Con:iner,t;
examining arcnitectural remains, galleries of paintings,
and all renowned works of art. At Paris he again
became associated with the most illustrious men of
all lands in the contemplations of the loftiest temporal
themes which can engross the human mind. After
a short visit to England he returned to Paris, and
consecrated all his energies to study until May, 1785,
when he returned to America. To a brilliant young
man of eighteen, who had seen much of tlie world,
and who was familiar with the etiquette of courts, a
residence with his father in London, under such cir-
cumstances, must have been extremely attractive
but with judgment very rare in one of his age, he pre-
ferred to return to America to complete his education
in an American college. He wislied then to study
law, that wUh an honorable profession, he might be
able to obtain an independent support.

Upon leaving Harvard College, at the age of twenty,
he studied law for three years. In June, 1794, be-
ing then but twenty-seven years of age, he was ap-
pointed by Washington, resident minister at the
Netherlands. Sailing from Boston in July, he reached
London in October, where he was immediately admit-
ted to the deliberations of Messrs. Jay and Pinckney,
assisting them in negotiating a commercial treaty with
Gieat Brilian. After thus spending a fortnight ii\
London, he proceeded to the Hague.

In July, r797, he left the Hague to go to Portugal as
minister plenipotentiary. On his way to Portugal,
upon arriving in London, he met with despatches
directing him to the court of Beilin, but requesting
him to remain in London until he should receive his
instructions. While waiting he was married to an
American lady to whom he had been previously en-
gaged, — Miss Louisa Catherine Johnson, daughtev
of Mr. Joshua Johnson, American consul in London;
a lady endownd with that beauty and those accom-
plishment which eminenlly fitted her to move in the
elevated sphere for which she was destined

JOHN QUINCY ABAMS.

He reached Berlin with his wife in November, 1797 ;
where he remained until July, 1799, when, having ful-
filled all the purposes of his mission, lie solicited his
recall.

Soon after his return, in 1802, he was chosen to
the Senate of Massachusetts, from Boston, and then
was elected Senator of the United States for six years,
from the 4th of March, 1804. His reputation, his
ability and his experience, placed him immediately
among the most prominent and influential members
of that body. Especially did he sustain the Govern-
ment in its measures of resistance to the encroach-
ments of England, destroying our commerce and in-
sulting our flag. There was no man in America more
familiar with the arrogance of the British court upon
these points, and no one more resolved to present
a firm resistance.

In 1809, Madison succeeded Jefferson in the Pres-
idential chair, and he immediately nominated John
Quincy Adams minister to St. Petersburg. Resign-
ing his professorship in Harvard College, he embarked
at Boston, in August, i8og.

While in Russia, Mr. Adarns was an intense stu-
dent. He devoted his attention to the language and
history of Russia; to the Chinese trade; to the
European system of weights, measures, and coins ; to
the climate and astronomical observations ; while he
Kept up a familiar acquaintance with the Greek and
Latin classics. In all the universities of Europe, a
more accomplished scholar could scarcely be found.
All through life the Bible constituted an importart
part of his studies. It was his rule to read five
chapters every day.

On the 4th of March, 1817, Mr. Monroe took the
Presidential chair, and immediately appointed Mr.
Adams Secretary of State. Taking leave of his num-
erous friends in public and private life in Europe, he
sailed in Jane, 1819, for the United States. On the
18th of August, he again crossed the threshold of his
home in Quincy. During the eight years of Mr. Mon-
roe's administration, Mr. Adams continued Secretary
of State.

Some time before the close of Mr. Monroe's second
term of office, new candidates began to be presented
for the Presidency. The friends of Mr. Adams brought
forward his name. It was an exciting campaign.
Party spirit was never more bitter. Two hundred and
sixty electoral votes were cast. Andrew Jackson re-
ceived ninety nine; John Quincy Adams, eighty-four;
William H. Crawford, forty -one; Henry Clay, thirty-
seven. As there was no choice by the people, the
question wei:t to the House of Representatives. Mr.
Clay gave the vote of Kentucky to Mr. Adams, and
he was elected.

The friends of all the disappointed candidates now
combined in a venomous and persistent assault upon
Mr. Adams. There is nothing more disgraceful in
♦Ke past history of our country than the abuse which

was poured in one uninterrupted stream, upon this
high-minded, upright, patriotic man. There never was
an administration more pure in principles, more con-
scientiously devoted to the best interests of the coun-
try, than that of John Quincy Adams ; and never, per-
haps, was there an administration more unscrupu-
lously and outrageously assailed.

Mr. Adams was, to a very remarkable degree, ab-
stemious and temperate in his habits; always rising
early, and taking much exercise. When at his home in
Quincy, he has been known to walk, before breakfast,
seven miles to Boston. In Washington, it was said
that he was the first man up in th6 city, lighting his
own fire and applying himself to work in his library
often long before dawn.

On the 4th of March, 1829, Mr. Adams retired
from the Presidency, and was succeeded by Andrew-
Jackson. John C. Calhoun was elected Vice Presi-
dent. The slavery question now began to assume
lx)rtentous magnitude. Mr. Adams returned to
Quincy and to his studies, which he pursued with un-
abated zeal. But he was not long permitted to re-
main in retirement. In November, 1830, he was
elected representative to Congress. For seventeen
years, until his death, he occupied the post as repre-
sentative, towering above all his peers, ever ready to
do brave battle' for freedom, and winning the title of
" the old man eloquent." Upon taking his seat in
the House, he announced that he should hold him-
self bound to no party. Probably there never was a
member more devoted to his duties. He was usually
the first in his place in the morning, and the last to
leave his seat in the evening. Not a measure could
be brought forward and escape his scrutiny. 'I he
battle which Mr. Adams fought, almost singly, against
the proslavery party in the Government, was sublime
in Us moral dating and heroism. For persisting in
presenting petitions for the abolition of slavery, he
was threatened with indictment by the grand jury,
with expulsion from the House, with assassination :
but no threats could intimidate him, and his final
triumph was complete.

It has been said of President Adams, that when his
body was bent and his hair silvered by the lapse of
fourscore years, yielding to the simple faith of a little
child, he was accustomed to repeat every night, before
he slept, the prajer which his mother taught him in
his infant years.

On the 2ist of February, 1848, he rose on the floor
of Congress, with a paper in his hand, to address the
speaker. Suddenly he fell, again stricken by paraly-
sis, and was caught in the arms of those around him.
For a time he was senseless, as he was conveyed to
the sofa in the rotunda. With reviving conscious-
ness, he opened his eyes, looked calmly around and
said " This is the end of earth ;"tlien after a moment's
]iause he add-jd, '■^ I am eotiteiit" These were the
last words of the grand "Old Man Eloquent."

CS^-^/'Z.^i^L-e^^c^^ii^.'^L^;^^-^^^*

SE VENTH PRESlhENT.

4,^

NDREW JACKSON, the
seventh President of the
■ United States, was born in
Waxhaw settlement, N. C,
March 15, 1767, a few days
after his father's death. His
parents were poor emigrants
from Ireland, and took up
their abode in Waxhaw set-
tlement, where they lived in
deepest poverty.
Andrew, or Andy, as he was
universally called, grew up a very
rough, rude, turbulent boy. His
features were coarse, his form un-
gainly; and there was but very
little in his character, made visible, which was at-
tractive.

When only thirteen years old he joined the volun-
teers of Carolina against the British invasion. In
1781, he and his brother Robert were captured and
imprisoned for a time at Camden. A British officer
ordered him to brush his mud-spattered boots. " I am
a prisoner of war, not your servant," was the reply of
the dauntless boy.

The brute drew his sword, and aimed a desperate
Dlow at the head of the helpless young prisoner.
Andrew raised his hand, and thus received two fear-
ful gashes, — one on the hand and the other upon the
head. The officer then turned to his brother Robert
with the same demand. He also refused, and re-
ceived a blow from the keen-edged sabre, which quite
disabled him, and which probably soon after caused
his death. They suffered much other ill-treatment, and
were finally stricken with the small-pox. Their
mother was successful in obtaining their exchange.

and took her sick boys home. After a long illnjsc
Andrew recovered, and the death of his mother soon
left him entirely friendless.

Andrew supported himself in various ways, si;aas
working at the saddler's trade, teaching school and
clerking in a general store, until 1784, wlien he
entered a law office at Salisbury, N. C. He, however,
gave more attention to the wild amusements of the
times than to his studies. In 1788, he was appointed
solicitor for the western district of North Carolina, of
which Tennessee was then a part. This involved
many long and tedious journeys amid dangers of
every kind, but Andrew Jackson never knew fear,
and the Indians had no desire to repeat a skirmish
witn the Sharp Knife.

In 179 1, Mr. Jackson was married to a woman who
supposed herself divorced from her former husband.
Great was the surprise of both parties, two years later,
to find that the conditions of the divorce had just been
definitely settled by the first husband. The marriage
ceremony was performed a second time, but the occur-
rence was often used by his enemies to bring Mr.
Jackson into disfavor.

During these years he worked hard at his profes-
sion, and frequently had one or more duels on hand,
one of which, when he killed Dickenson, was espec-
ially disgraceful.

In January, 1796, the Territory of Tennessee then
containing nearly eighty thousand inhabitants, the
people met in convention at Knoxville to frame a con-
stitution. Five were sent from each of the elevsn
counties. Andrew Jackson was one of the delegates.
The new State was entitled to but one meml cr in
the National House of Representatives. Andrew Jack-
son was chosen that member. Mounting his horse he
rode to Philedelphia, where Congress tl.en 1 eld its

ANDRE W JACKSON.

s^iiij.13, — a disiaiKie of about eight hundred miles.

Jackson was an earnest advocate of the Demo-
cratic party. Jefferson was his idol. He admired
lionaparte, loved France and hated England. As Mr.
Jackson took his seat, Gen. Washington, whose
scicond term of office was then expi;ing, delivered his
last speech to Congress. A committee drew up a
complimentary address in reply. Andrew Jackson
did not approve of the address, and was one of the
twelve who voted against it. He was not willing to
say that Gen. Washington's adminstration had been
" wise, firm and patriotic."

,' Mr. Jackson was elected to the United States
Senate in 1797, but soon resigned and returned home.
Soon after he was chosen Judge of the Supreme Court
of his State, which position he held f^r six years.

When the war of 1812 with Great Brilian com-
menced, Madison occupied the Presidential chair.
Aaron Burr sent word to the President that there was
an unknown man in the West, Andrew Jackson, who
would do credit to a commission if one were con-
ferred upon him. Just at that time Gen. Jackson
offered his services and those of twenty-five hurdred
volunteers. His offer was accej)ted, and the troops
were assembled at Nashville.

As the British were hourly expected to make an at-
tack upon New Orleans, where Gen Wilkinson was
in command, he was ordered to descend the river
with fifteen hundred troops to aid Wilkinson. The
expedition reached Natchez; and after a delay of sev-
eral weeks there, without accomplishing anything,
the men were ordered back to their homes. But the
energy Gen. Jackson had displayed, and his entire
devotion to the comrfort of his soldiers, won him
golden opinions; and he became the most popular
man in the State. It was in this expedition that his
toughness gave him the nickname of " Old Hickory. '

Soon after this, while attempting to horsewhip Col.
Thomas H. Benton, for a remark that gentleman
made about his taking a part as second in a duel, in
which a younger brotlier of Benton's was engaged,
he received two severe pistol wounds. While he was
lingering upon a bed of suffering news came that the
Indians, who had combined under Tecumseh from
Florida to the Lakes, to exterminate the white set-
tlers, were committing the most awful ravages. De-
cisive action became necessary. Gen. Jackson, with
his fractured bone Just beginning to heal, his arm in
a sling, and unable to mount his horse without assis-
tance, gave his amazing energies to the raising of an
army to rendezvous at Fayettesville, Alabama.

The Creek Indians had established a strong fori on
one of the bendsof the Tallapoosa River, near the cen-
ter of Alabama, about fifty miles below Fort Stroth.er.
With an army of two thousand men, Gen. Jackson
traversed the pathless wilderness in a march of eleven
il lys. He reached their fort, called Tohopeka or
Horse-shoe, on the 27th of March. 1814. The bend

of the river enclosed nearly one hundred acres of
tangled forest and wild ravine. Across the narrow
neck the Indians had constructed a formidable brea:jt-
work of logs and brush. Here nine hundred warriors,
with an ample suply of arms were assembled.

The fort was stormed. The fight was utterly des-
perate. Not an Indian would accept of quarter. Wher.
bleeding and dying, they would fight those who en-
deavored to spare their lives. From ten in the morn-
ing until dark, the battle raged. The carnage war.
awful and revolting. Some threw themselves into the
river; but the unerring bullet struck their heads as
they swam. Nearly everyone of the nine hundred war-
rios were killed A few probably, in the night, swam
the river and escaped. This ended the war. The
l)ower of the Creeks was broken forever. This bold
plunge into the wilderness, with its terriffic slaughter,
so appalled the savages, that the haggard remnants
of the bands came to the camp, begging for peace.

This closing of the Creek war enabled us to con-
centrate all our militia upon the British, who were the
allies of the Indians No man of less resolute will
than Gen. Jackson could have conducted this Indian
campaign to so successful an issue Immediately he
was appointed major-general.

Late in August, with an army of two thousand
men, on a rushing march. Gen. Jackson came to
Mobile. A British fleet came from Pensacola, landed
a force upon the beach, anchored near the little fort,
and from both ship and shore commenced a furious
assault The battle was long and doubtful. At length
one of the ships was blown up and the rest retired.

Garrisoning Mobile, where he had taken his litll-.'
army, he moved his troops to New Orleans,
And the battle of New Orleans \\ hich soon ensued,
was in reality a very arduous campaign. This won
for Gen. Jackson an imperishable name. Here his
troops, which numbered about four thousand men,
won a signal victory over the British army of aljout
nine thousand. His loss was but thirteen, while the
loss of the British was two thousand six iiundred.

The name of Gen. Jackson soon began to be men-
tioned in connection with the Presidency, but, in 1824,
he was defeated by Mr. Adams. He was, however,
successful in the election of 1828, and was re-elected
for a second term in 1832. In 1829, just before he
assumed the reins of the government, he met with
the most terrible affliction of his life in the death of
his wife, whom he had loved with a devotion which has
perhaps never been surpassed. From the shock of
her death he never recovered.

His administration was one of the most memorable
in the annals of our country; applauded by one party,
condemned by the other. No man had more bitter
enemies or warmer friends. At the expiration of his
two terms of office he retired to the Hermitage, where
he died June 8, 1845. The last years of Mr. Jack-
son's life were that of a devoted Christian man.

'9'7 ^-z^'^ ^-i^^u^,^.^^

EIGHTH PRESIDENT.

ARTIN VAN BUREiST, the
eighth President of the
United States, was born at
Kinderhook, N. Y., Dec. 5,
1782. He died at the same
place, July 24, 1862. His
body rests in the cemetery
at Kinderhook. Above it is
a plain granite shaft fifteen feet
high, bearing a simple inscription
about half way up on one face.
The lot is unfenced, unbordered
or unbounded by shrub or flower.

There is but little in the life of Martin Van Buren
of romantic interest. He fought no battles, engaged
in no wild adventures. Though his life was stormy in
political and intellectual conflicts, and he gained many
signal victories, his days passed uneventful in tliose
incidents which give zest to biography. His an-
cestors, as his name indicates, were of Dutch origin,
and were among the earliest emigrants from Holland
to the banks of the Hudson. His father was a farmer,
residing in the old town of Kinderhook. His mother,
also of Dutch lineage, was a woman of superior intel-
ligence and exemplary piety.

He was decidedly a precocious boy, developing un-
usual activity, vigor and strength of mind. At the
age of fourteen, he had finished his academic studies
in his native village, and commenced the study of
law. As he had not a collegiate education, seven
years of study in a law-office were required of him
before he could be admitted to the bar. Inspired with
a lofty ambition, and conscious of his powers, he pur-
sued his studies with indefatigable industry. After
5i>ending six ye-ir*; in an office in his native village,

he went to the city of New York, and prosecuted his
studies for the seventh year.

In 1803, Mr. Van Buren, then twenty-one years of
age, commenced the practice of law in his native vil-
lage. The great conflict between the Federal and
Republican party was then at its height. Mr. Van
Buren was from the beginning a politician. He had,
perhaps, imbibed that spirit while listening to the
many discussions which had been carried on in his
father's hotel. He was in cordial sympathy wiih
Jefferson, and earnestly and eloquently espoused tl;e
cause of State Rights ; though at that time the Fed-
eral party held the supremacy both in his town
and State,

His success and increasing ruputation led liini
after six years of practice, to remove to Hudson, th.
county seat of his county. Here he spent seven years
constantly gaining strength by contending in tht.
courts with some of the ablest men who have adorned
the bar of his State.

Just before leaving Kinderhook for Hudson, Mr.
Van Buren married a lady alike distinguished for
beauty and accomplishments. After twelve short
years she sank into the grave, the victim of consump-
tion, leaving her husband and four sons to weep over
her loss. For twenty-five years, Mr. Van Buren was
an earnest, successful, assiduous lawyer. The record
of those years is barren in items of public interest.
In t8 1 2, when thirty years of age, he was chosen to
the State Senate, and gave his strenuous support to
Mr. Madison's adminstration. In 1815, he was ap-
pointed Attorney-General, and the next year moved
to Albany, the capital of the State.

While he was acknowledged ;is one of the most
pominent leaders of the Denioc-^.tic party, h.e lird

MARTIN VAN BUREN.

ilie moral courage to avow that true democracy did
not require th.it " universal suffrage" which admits
the vile, the degraded, the ignorant, to the right of
governing the State. In true consistency with his
democratic principles, he contended that, while the
p.ath leading to the privilege of voting should be open
to every man without distinction, no one should be
invested with that sacred prerogative, unless he were
in some degree qualified for it by intelligence, virtue
and some property interests in the welfare of the
State.

In 1821 he was elected a member of the United
States Senate; and in the same year, he took a seat
in the convention to revise the constitution of his
native State. His course in this convention secured
the approval of men of all parties. No one could
doubt the singleness of his endeavors to promote the
interests of all classes in the community. In the
Senate of the United States, he rose at once to a
conspicuous position as an active and useful legislator.

In 1827, John Quincy Adams being then in the
Presidential chair, Mr. Van Buren was re-elected to
the Senate. He had been from the beginning a de-
termined opposer of the Administration, adopting the
"State Rights" view in opposition to what was
deemed the Federal proclivities of Mr. Adams.

Soon after this, in 1828, he was chosen Governorof
the State of New York, and accordingly resigned his
seat in the Senate. Probably no one in the United
States contributed so much towards ejecting John Q.
Adams from the Presidential chair, and placing in it
Andrew Jackson, as did Martin Van Buren. Whether
entitled to the reputation or not, he certainly was re-
garded throughout the United States as one of the
most skillful, sagacious and cunning of politicians.
It was supposed that no one knew so well as he how
to touch the secret sptings of action; how to pull all
the wires to put his machinery in motion ; and how to
organize a political army which would, secreily and
stealthily accomplish the most gigantic results. By
these powers it is said that he outv/itted Mr. Adams,
Mr. Clay, Mr. Webster, and secured results which
lew thought then could be accomplished.

When Andrew Jackson was elected President he
a[)pointed Mr. Van Buren Secretary of Sta'e. This
position he resigned in 1831, and was immediately
appointed Minister to England, where he went the
s:ime autumn. The Senate, however, wjien it met,
refused to ratify the nomination, and he returned

home, apparently untroubled; was nominated Vice
President in the place of Calhoun, at the re-election
of President Jackson ; and with smiles for all and
fiowns for none, he took his place at the head of that
Senate which had refused to confirm his nomination
as ambassador.

His rejection by the Senate roused all the zeal of
President Jackson in behalf of his repudiated favor-
ite ; and this, probably mure than any other cause,
secured his elevation to the chair of the Chief Execu-
tive. On the 20th of May, 1836, Mr. Van Buren re-
ceived the Democratic nomination to succeed Gen.
Jackson as President of the United States. He was
elected by a handsome majority, to the delight of the
retiring President. " Leaving New York out of the
canvass," says Mr. Parton, "the election of Mr. Van
Buren to the Presidency was as much the act of Gen.
Jackson as though the Constitution had conferred
upon him the power to appoint a successor."

His administration was filled with exciting events.
The insurrection in Canada, which threatened to in
volve this country in war with England, the agitation
of the slavery question, and finally the great commer-
cial panic which spread over the country, all were
trials to his wisdom. The financial distress was at-
tributed to the management of the Democratic party,
and brought the President into such disfavor tliat he
failed of re election.

With the exception of being nominated for the
Presidency by the "Free Soil" Democrats, in r848,
Mr. Van Buren lived quietly upon his estate until
his death.

He had ever been a prudent man, of frugal habits,
and living within his income, had now fortunately a
competence for his declining years. His unblemished
character, his commanding abilities, his unquestioned
patriotism, and the distinguished positions which he
had occupied in the government of our country, se-
cured to him not only the homage of his party, but
the respect ot the whole community. It was on the
4th of March, 1841, that Mr. Van Buren retired from
the presidency. From his fine estate at Lindenwald^
he still exerted a powerful influence upon the politics
of the country. From this time until his death, on
the 24th of July, 1862, at the age of eighty -ears, he
resided at Lindenwald, a gentleman of leisure, of
culture and of wealth; enjoying in a healthy old
age, probably far more happiness than he had before
experienced amid the stormy scenes of his active life.

^ ;5f /fe^^^-^^^-^

NINTH PRESIDENT.

WI^^IAM ilENirr HiAjyaSCIl.

ILLIAM HENRY HARRI-
SON, the ninth President of
the United States, was born
at Berkeley, Va., Feb. 9, 1773.
His father, Benjamin Harri-
son, was in comparatively op-
ulent circumstances, and was
one of the most distinguished
men of his day. He was an
intimate friend of George
Washington, \\ as early elected
a member of the Continental
Congress, and was conspicuous
among the patriots of Virginia in
resisting the encroachments of the
British crown. In the celebrated
Congress of 1775, Benjamin Har-
rison and John Hancock were
both candidates for the office of
speaker.

fMr Harrison was subsequently
...
chosen Governor of Virginia, and
was twice re-elected. His son,
i William Henry, of course enjoyed

in childhood all the advantages which wealth and
intellectual and cultivated society could give. Hav-
ing received a thorough common-school education, he
entered Hampden Sidney College, where he graduated
witli honor soon after the death of his father. He
vhen repaired to Philadelphia to study medicine undtr
the instructions of Dr. Rush and the guardianship of
Robert Morris, both of whom were, with his father,
signers of the Declaration of Independence.

Upon the outbreak of the Indian troubles, and not-
withstanding the remonstrances of his friends, he
abandoned his medical studies and entered the army,
having obtained a commission of Ensign from Presi-

dent Washington. He was then but 19 years old.
From that time he passed gradually upward in rank
until he became aid to General Wayne, after whose
death lie resigned his commission. He was then ap-
pointed Secretary of the North-western Territory. Tliis
Territory ,vas then entitled to but one member in
Congress and Capt. Harrison was chosen to fill that
position.

In the spring of 1800 the North-western Territory
was divided by Congress into two portions. The
eastern portion, comprising the region now embraced
in the State of Ohio, was called " The Territory
north-west of the Ohio." The western portion, which
included what is now called Indiana, Illinois and
Wisconsin, was called the "Indiana Territory." Wil-
liam Henry Harrison, then 27 years of age, was ap-
pointed by John Adams, Governor of the Indiana
Territory, and immediately after, also Governor of
Upper Louisiana. He was thus ruler over almost as
extensive a realm as any sovereign \\\n\\ the globe. He
was Superintendent of Indian Affairs, and was in-
vested with powers nearly dictatorial over the now
rapidly increasing white population. The ability and
fidelity with which he discharged these responsible
duties may be inferred from the fact that he was four
times appointed to tliis office — first by John Adams,
twice by Thomas Jefferson and afterwards by Presi-
dent Madison.

When he began his adminstration there were but
three white settlements in that almost boundless region,
now crowded with cities and resounding with all the
tumult of wealth and traffic. One of these settlements
was on the Ohio, nearly opposite Louisville; one at
Vincennes, on the Wabash, and the third a French
settlement.

The vast wilderness over which Gov. Harrisou
reigned was filled with many tribes of Indians. Aboui

WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON.

the year 1806, two extraordinary men, twin brothers,
of the Shawnese tribe, rose among them. One of
these was called Tecumseh, or " The Crouching
Panther;" the other, Olliwacheca, or "'I'he Prophet."
Tecumseh was not only an Indian warrior, but a man
of great sagacity, far-reaching foresight and indomit-
able perseverance in any enterprise in which he might
engage. He was inspired with the highest enthusiasm,
and had long regarded with dread and with hatred
the encroachment of the whites upon the hunting-
grounds of his fathers. His brother, the Prophet, was
anorator, who could sway the feelings of the untutored
Indian as the gale tossed the tree-tops beneath which
they dwelt.

But the Prophet was not merely an orator: he was,
in the superstitious minds of the Indians, invested
with the superhuman dignity of a medicine-man or a
magician. With an enthusiasm unsurpassed by Peter
the Hermit rousing Europe to the crusades, he went
from tribe to tribe, assuming that he was specially sent
by the Great Spirit.

Gov. Harrison made many attempts to conciliate
the Indians, but at last the war came, and at Tippe-
canoe the Indians were routed with great slaughter.
October 28, 1812, his army began its march. When
near the Prophet's town three Indians of rank made
their appearance and inquired why Gov. Harrison was
approaching them in so hostile an attitude. After a
short conference, arrangements were made for a meet-
ing the next day, to agree upon terms of peace.

But Gov. Harrison was too well acquainted with
the Indian character to be deceived by such protes-
tations. Selecting a favorable spot for his night's en-
campment, he took every precaution against surprise
His troops were posted in a hollow square, and slept
upon their arms.

The troops threw themselves upon the ground for
rest; but every man had his accourtrements on, his
loaded musket by his side, and his bayonet fixed. The
wakeful Governor, between three and four o'clock in
the morning, had risen, and was sitting in conversa-
tion with his aids by the embers of a waning fire. It
was a chill, cloudy morning with a drizzling rain. In
the darkness, the Indians had crept as near as possi-
ble, and just then, with a savage yell, rushed, with all
the desperation which superstition and passion most
liighly inflamed could give, upon the left flank of the
little army. The savages had been amply provided
with guns and ammunition by the English. Their
war-whoop was accompained by a shower of bullets.

The camp-fires were instantly extinguished, as the
light aided the Indians in their aim. With hide-
Dus yells, the Indian bands rushed on, not doubtir.ga
s|3eedy and an entire victory. But Gen. Harrison's
troops stood as immovable as the rocks around them
n -.til day dawned : they then made a simultaneous
charge witli the liavonet, and swept every thing be-
fore them, and completely routing tlr" foe.

Gov. Harrison now had all his energies tasked
to the utmost. The British descending from the Can -
adas, were of themselves a very fomiidable force ; but
with their savage allies, rushing like wolves from the
forest, searching out every remote farm-house, burn-
ing, plundering, scalping, torturing, the wide frontier
was plunged into a state of consternation which even
the most vivid imagination can but faintly conceive.
The war-whoop was resounding everywhere in the
forest. The horizon was illuminated with the conflagra-
tion of the cabins of the settlers. Gen Hull had made
the ignominious surrender of his forces at Detroit.
Under these despairing circumstances, Gov. Harrison
was appointed by President Madison commander-in-
chief of the North-western army, with orders to retake
D..'troit, and to protect the frontiers.

It would be difficult to place a man in a situation
demanding more energy, sagacity and courage; but
General Harrison was found equal to the position,
and nobly and triumphantly did he meet all the re
sponsibilities.

He won the love of jiis soldiers by always sharing
with them their fatigue. His whole baggage, while
pursuing the foe up the Thames, was carried in a
valise; and his bedding consisted of a single blanket
lashed over his saddle Thirty-five British officers,
his prisoners of war, supped with him after the battle.
The oiily fare he could give them was beef roasted
before the fire, without bread or salt.

In 1816, Gen. Harrison was chosen a member of
the National House of Representatives, to represent
the District of Ohio. In Congress he proved an
active member; and whenever he spoke, it was with
force of reason and power of eloquence, which arrested
the attention of all the members.

In 1819, Harrison was elected to the Senate of
Ohio; and in 1824, as one of the presidential electors
of that State, he gave his vote for Henry Clay. The
same year he was chosen to the United States Senate.

In 1836, the friends of Gen. Harrison Ijrought him
forward as a candidate for the Presidency against
Van Buren, but he was defeated. At the close of
Mr. Van Buren's term, he was re-nomii:ated by his
party, and Mr. Harrison was unanimously nominated
by the Whigs, with John Tyler for the Vice Presidency.
The contest was very animated. Gen Jackson gave
all his influence to prevent Harrison's election ; bu*.
his triumph was signal.

The cabinet which he formed, with Daniel Webster
at its head as Secretary of State, was one of the most
brilliant- with which anv President had ever been
surro.mded. Never were the prospects of an admin-
istration more flattering, or the hopes of the country
more sanguine. In the midst of these bright and
joyous prospects. Gen. Harrison was seized by a
pleurisv-fever and after a few days of violent sick-
ness, died on the 4th of April ; just one month after
his inauguration as President of the United States.

'lyru

TENTH PRESIDENT.

f^ji OHN TYLER, the tenth
i,a Presidentof the United States.
He was born in Charles-city
Co., Va., March 29, 1790. He
was the favored child of af-
fluence and liigh social po-
sition. At the earl)' age of
twelve, John entered William
and Mary College and grad-
uated with much honor when
but seventeen years old. After
graduating, he devoted him-
self with great assiduity to the
study of law, partly with liis
father and partly with Edmund
Randolph, one of the most distin-
guished lawyers of Virginia.

At nineteen years of age, ne
commenced the practice of law.
His success was rapid and aston-
ishing. It is said that three
months had not elapsed ere there
was scarcely a case on the dock-
et of the court in which he was
r.ot retained. When but twenty-one years of age, he
was almost unanimously elected to a seat in the State
Legislature. He connected himself with the Demo-
cratic party, and warmly advocated the measures of
Jefferson and Madison. For five successive years he
was elected to the Legislature, receiving nearly the
unanimous vote or his county.

When but twenty-six years of age, he was elected
a member of Congress. Here he acted earnestly and
ably with the Democratic party, opposing a national
bank, internal improvements by the General Govern-

ment, a protective tariff, and advocating a strict con-
struction of the Constitution, and the most careful
vigilance over State rights. His labors in Congress
were so arduous that before the close of his second
term h; found it necessary to resign and retire to his
estate in Charles-city Co., to recruit his health. He,
however, soon after consented to take his seat in the
State Legislature, where his influence was powerful
in promoting public works of great utility. With a
reputation thus canstantly increasing, he was chosen
by a very large majority of votes. Governor of his
native State. His administration was signally a suc-
cessful one. His popularity secured his re-election.

John Randolph, a brilliant, erratic, half-crazed
man, then represented Virginia in the Senate of the
United States. A portion of the Democratic party
was displeased with Mr. Randolph's wayward course,
and brought forward John Tyler as his opponent,
considering him the only man in Virginia of sufficient
popularity to succeed against the renowned orator of
Roanoke. Mr. Tyler was the victor.

In accordance with his professions, upon taking his
seat in the Senate, he joined the ranks of the opposi-
tion. He opposed the tariff; he spoke against and
voted against the bank as unconstitutional ; he stren-
uously opposed all restrictions upon slavery, resist-
ing all projects of internal improvements by the Gen-
eral Government, and avowed his sympathy with Mr.
Calhoun's view of nullification ; he declared that Gen.
Jackson, by his opposition to the nullifiers, had
abandoned the piinciples of the Democratic party.
Such was Mr. Tyler's record in Congress, — a record
in perfect accordance with the principles which he
had always avowed.

Returning to Virginia, he resumed the practice of
his profession. There was a rplit in the Deniocratic

JOHN TYLER.

party. His friends still regarded him as a true Jef-
fersonian, gave him a dinner, and showered compli-
ments upon him. He had now attained the age of
forty-si.x. His career had been very brilliant. In con-
sequence of his devotion to public business, his pri-
vate affairs had fallen into some disorder; and it was
not without satisfaction that he resumed the practice
of law, and devoted himself to the culture of his plan-
tation. Soon after this he removed to Williamsburg,
for the better education of his children ; and he again
took his seat in the Legislature of Virginia.

By the Southern Whigs, he was sent to the national
convention at Harrisburg to nominate a President in
1839. The majority of votes were given to Gen. Har-
rison, a genuine Whig, much to the disappointment of
the South, who wished for Henry Clay. To concili-
ate the Southern Whigs and to secure their vote, the
convention then nominated John Tyler for Vice Pres-
ident. It was well known that he was not in sympa-
thy with the Whig party in the No:th: but the Vice
President has but very little power in the Govern-
ment, his main and almost only duty being to pre-
side over the meetings of the Senate. Thus it hap-
pened that a Whig President, and, in reality, a
Democratic Vice President were chosen.

In 1841, Mr. Tyler was inaugurated Vice Presi-
dent of the United States. In one short month from
that time, President Harrison died, and Mr. Tyler
thus found himself, to his own surprise and that of
the whole Nation, an occupant of the Presidential
chair. This was a new test of the stability of our
institutions, as it was the first time in the history of our
country that such an event had occured. Mr. Tyler
was at home in Williamsburg when he received the
une.xpected tidings of the death of President Harri-
son. He hastened to Washington, and on the 6th of
April was inaugurated to the high and responsible
office. He was placed in a position of exceeding
delicacy and difficulty. All his long life he had been
opposed to the main principles of the party which had
brought him into power. He had ever been a con-
sistent, honest man, with an unblemished record.
Gen. Harrison had selected a Whig cabinet. Should
he retain them, and thus surround himself with coun-
sellors whose views were antagonistic to his own? or,
on the other hand, should he turn against the party
which had elected him and select a cabinet in har-
mony with himself, and which would oppose all those
views which the Whigs deemed essential to the pub-
lic welfare? This was his fearful dilemma. He in-
vited the cabinet which President Harrison had
selected to retain their seats. He reccomm:nded a
day of fasting and prayer, that God would guide and
bless us.

The Whigs carried through Congress a bill for the
incorporation of a fiscal bank of the United States.
Tlie President, after ten days' delay, returned it wiili
his veto. He «;uagested, however, that he vvould

approve of a bill drawn up upon such a plan as he
proposed. Such a bill was accordingly prepared, and
privately submitted to him. He gave it his approval.
It was passed without alteration, and he sent it back
with his veto. Here commenced the open rupture.
It is said that Mr. Tyler was provoked to this meas-
ure by a published letter from the Hon. John M.
Botts, a distinguished Virginia Whig, who severely
touched the pride of the President.

The opposition now exultingly received the Presi-
dent into their arms. The party which elected him
denounced him bitterly. All the members of his
cabinet, e.xcepting Mr. Webster, resigned. The Whigs
of Congress, both the Senate and the House, held a
meeting and issued an address to the people of the
United States, proclaiming that all political alliance
between the Whigs and President Tyler were at
an end.

Still the President attempted to conciliate. He
appointed a new cabinet of distinguished Whigs and
Conservatives, carefully leaving out all strong party
men. Mr. Webster soon found it necessary to resign,
forced out by the pressure of his Whig friends. Thus
the four years of Mr. Tyler's unfortunate administra-
tion passed sadly away. No one was satisfied. The
land was filled vvitli murmurs and vituperation. Whigs
and Democrats alike assailed him. More and more,
however, he brought himself into sympathy with his
old friends, the Democrats, until at the close of his term,
he gave his whole influence to the support of Mr.
Polk, the Democratic candidate for his successor.

On the 4th of March, 1845, '^6 retired from the
harassments of office, to the regret of neither party, ai'-.d
probably to his own unspeakable lelief. His first wife.
Miss Letitia Christian, died in Washington, in 1842;
and in June, 1844, President Tyler was again married,
at New York, to Miss Julia Gardiner, a young lady of
many personal and intellectual accomplishments.

The remainder of his days Mr. Tyler passed mainly
in retirement at his beautiful home, — Sherwood For-
est, Charles -city Co., Va. A polished gentleman in
his manners, richly furnished with mformation from
books and experience in the world, and possessing
brilliant powers of conversation, his family circle was
the scene of unusual attractions. ^Vith sufficient
means for the exercise of a generous hos|)itality, he
might have enjoyed a serene old age with the few
friends who gathered around him, were it not for the
storms of civil war which his own principles and
policy had helped to introduce.

When the great Rebellion rose, which the State-
rights and nullifying doctrines of Mr. John C. Cal-
houn had inaugurated, President Tyler renounced his
allegiance to the United States, and joined the Confed-
erates He was chosen a member of their Congress;
and while engaged in active measures to destroy, b"
force of arms, the Government over which he had
orrc nesided, he was taken sick and soon died.

^J^

ELE VENTH PRESIDE N T.

-^ f^

JAMES K

i££S^

AMES K. POLK, the eleventh

^President of the United States,

was born in Mecklenburg Co.,

N. C, Nov. 2, 1795. His par-

^^^, ents were Samuel and Jane

(Knox) Polk, the former a son

of Col. Thomas Polk, who located

at the above place, as one of the

first pioneers, in 1735.

In the year i3o6, with his wife
and children, and soon after fol-
lowed by most of the members of
the Polk farnly, Samuel Polk emi-
grated some two or three hundred
miles farther west, to the rich valley
of the Duck River. Here in the
midst of the wilderness, in a region
which was subsequently called Mau-
ry Co., they reared their log huts,
and established their homes. In the
hard toil of a new farm in the wil-
derness, James K. Polk spent the
early years of his childhood and
youth. His father, adding the pur-
suit of a surveyor to that of a farmer,
gradually increased in wealth until
he became one of the leading men of the region. His
mother was a superior woman, of strong common
sense and earnest piety.

Very early in life, James developed a taste for
reading and expressed the strongest desire to obtain
a liberal education. His mother's training had made
him methodical in his habits, had taught him punct-
uality and industry, and had inspired him with lofty
principlesof morality. His health was frail ; and his
father, fearing that he might not be able to endure a

sedentary life, got a situation for him behind the
counter, hoping to fit him for commercial pursuits.

This was to James a bitter disappointment. He
had ito taste for these duties, and his daily tasks
were irksome in the extreme. He remained in this
uncongenial occupation but a few weeks, when at liis
earnest solicitation his father removed him, and made
arrangements for him to prosecute his studies. Soon
after he sent him to Murfreesboro Academy. With
ardor which could scarcely be surpassed, he pressed
forward in his studies, and in less than two and a half
years, in the autumn of 1815, entered the sophomore
class in the University of North Carolina, at Chapel
Hill. Here he was one of the most exemplary of
scholars, punctual in every exercise, never allowing
himself to be absent from a recitation or a religious
service.

He graduated in 18 18, with the highest honors, be-
ing deemed the best scholar of his class, both in
mathematics and the classics. He was then twenty-
three years of age. Mr. Polk's health was at this
time much impaired by the assiduity with which he
had prosecuted his studies. After a short season of
relaxation he went to Nashville, and entered the
office of Felix Grundy, to study law. Here Mr. Polk
renewed his acquaintance with Andrew Jackson, who
resided on his plantation, the Hermitage, but a few
miles from Nashville. They had probably been
slightly acquainted before.

Mr. Polk's father was a Jeffersonian Republican,
and James K. Polk ever adhered to the same politi-
cal faith. He was a popular public speaker, and was
constantly called upon to address the meetings of his
party friends. His skill as a speaker was such that
he was popularly called the Napoleon of the stump.
He was a man of unblemished morals, genir.l ;ird

JAMES K. POLK.

:ourterus in his bearing, and with that sympathetic
natui^e in the joj s and griefs of others which ever gave
liim troops of friends. In 1823, Mr. Polk was elected
to the Legislature of Tennessee. Here he gave his
strong influence towards the election of his friend,
Mr. JacksoM, to the Presidency of the United States.

la January, 1824, Mr. Polk married Miss Sarah
Childress, of Rutherford Co., Tenn. His bride was
altogether worthy of him, — a lady of beauty and cul-
ture. In the fall of 1825, Mr. Polk was chosen a
member of Congress. The satisfaction which he gave
to his constituents may be inferred from the fact, that
for fourteen successive years, until 1839, he was con-
tinuec- in that office. He then voluntarily withdrew,
only that he might accept . the Gubernatorial chair
of I'Minessee. In Congress he was a laborious
menjber, a frequent and a popular speaker. He was
always in his seat, always courteous ; and whenever
he spoke it was always to the point, and without any
ambitious rhetorical display.

During five sessions of Congress, Mr. Polk was
Speaker of the House Strong passions were roused,
and stormy scenes were witnessed ; but Mr. Polk per-
formed his arduous duties to a very general satisfac-
tion, and a unanimous vote of thanks to him was
passed by the House as he withdrew on the 4th of
March, 1839.

In accordance with Southern usage, Mr. Polk, as a
candidate for Governor, canvassed the State. He was
elected by a large majority, and on the 14th of Octo-
ber, 1839,100k the oath of office at Nashville. In 1841,
his term of office expired, and he was again the can-
didate of the Democratic party, but was defeated.

On the 4th of March, 1845, Mr. Polk was inaugur-
ated President of the United States. The verdict of
the country in favor of the annexation of Texas, exerted"
its influence upon Congress ; and the last act of the
administration of President Tyler was to affix his sig-
nature to a joint resolution of Congress, passed on the
3d of March, approving of the annexation of Texas to
the American Union. As Mexico still claimed Texas
as one of her provinces, the Mexican minister,
Almonte, immediately demanded his passports and
left the country, declaring the act of the annexation
to be an act hostile to Mexico.

In his first message, President Polk urged that
Texas should immediately, by act of Congress, be re-
ceived into the Union on the same footing with the
other States, In the meantime, Gen. Taylor was sent

with an army into Texas to hold the country. He was
sent first to Nueces, which the Mexicans said was the
western boundary of Texas. Then he was sent nearly
two hundred miles further west, to the Rio Grande,
where he erected batteries which commanded the
Mexican city of Matamoras, which was situated on
the western banks.

The anticipated collision soon took place, and war
was declared against Mexico by President Polk. The
war was pushed forward by Mr. Polk's administration
with great vigor. Gen. Taylor, whose army was first
called one of "observation," then of "occupation,"
then of " invasion,"was sent forward to Monterey. The
feeble Mexicans, in every encounter, were hopelessly
and awfully slaughtered. The day of judgement
alone can reveal the misery which this war caused.
It v/as by the ingenuity of Mr. Polk's administration
that the war was brought on.

'To the victors belong the spoils." Mexico was
prostrate before us. Her capital was in our liands.
We now consented to peace upon the condition that
Mexico should surrender to us, in 'addition to Texas,
all of New Mexico, and all of Upper and Lower Cal-
ifornia. This new demand embraced, exclusive of
Texas, eight hundred thousand square miles. This
was an extent of territory equal to nine States of the
size of New York Thus slavery was securing eighteen
majestic States to be added to the Union. There were
some Americans who thought it all right : there were
others who thought it all wrong. In the prosecution
of this war, we expended twenty thousand lives and
more than a hundred million of dollars. Of this
money fifteen millions were paid to Mexico.

On the 3d of March, 1849, Mr. Polk retired from
office, having served one term. The next day was
Sunday. On the 5th, Gen. Taylor was inaugurated
as his successor, Mr Polk rode to the Capitol in the
same carriage with Gen. Taylor; and the same even-
ing, with Mrs. Polk, he commenced his return to
Tennessee. He was then but fifty-four years of age.
He had ever been strictly temperate in all his habits,
and his health was good With an ample fortune,
a choice library, a cultivated mind, and domestic ties
of the dearest nature, it seemed as though long years
of tranquility and happiness were before him. But the
cholera — that fearful scourge — was then sweeping up
the Valley of the Mississippi. This he contracted,
and died on the 15th of June, 1849, in the fifty-fourth
year of his age, greatly mourned by his countrymen.

TWELFTH PRESIDENT.

|VJLi!Li!u33^ A4 _i_ — Ti^A^'t^^v^ s^\ .

V-^^-^-v-^-^ Vi.v.ivra?^AV \.)^V^ tuy-yj

ACHARY TAYLOR, twelfth
^ President of the United States,
'''was born on the 24th of Nov.,

1784, in Orange Co., Va. His

i2^^^S22a>o father, Colonel Taylor, was
tjr^j'^G^'^ a Virginian of note, and a dis-
""^ tinguished patriot and soldier of
the Revolution. When Zachary
was an infant, his father with his
wife and two children, emigrated
to Kentucky, where he settled in
the pathless wilderness, a few
miles from Louisville. In this front-
ier home, away from civilization and
all its refinements, young Zachary
could enjoy but few social and educational advan-
tages. When six years of age he attended a common
school, and was then regarded as a bright, active boy,
rather remarkable for bluntness and decision of char-
acter He was strong, fearless and self-reliant, and
■nanifested a strong desire to enter the army to fight
the Lidians who were ravaging the frontiers. There
is little to be recorded of the uneventful years of his
childhood u:i his father's large but lonely plantation.
In 1808, his father succeeded in obtaining for him
the commission of lieutenant in the United States
army; and he joined the troops which were stationed
at New Orleans under Gen. Wilkinson. Soon after
this he married Miss Margaret Smith, a young lady
from one of the first families of Maryland.

Immediately after the declaration of war with Eng-
land, iu 18 1 2, Capt. Taylor (for he had then been
promoted to that rank) was put in command of Fort
Harrison, on the Wabash, about fifty miles above
Vincennes. This fort had been built in the wilder-
ness by Gen. Harrison, on his march to Tippecanoe.
It was one of the first points of attack by the Indians,
■jcd by Tecumseh. Its garrison consisted of a broken

company of infantry numbering fifty men, many of
whom were sick.

Early in the autumn of 1812, the Indians, stealthily,
and in large numbers, moved upon the fort. Their
api)roach was first indicated by the murder of two
soldiers just outside of the stockade. Capt. Taylor
made every possible preparation to meet the antici-
pated assault. On the 4th of September, a band of
forty painted and plumed savages came to the fort,
waving a white flag, and informed Capt. Taylor that
in the morning their chief would come to have a talk
with him. It was evident that their object was merely
to ascertain the state of things at the fort, and Capt.
Taylor, well versed in the wiles of the savages, kept
them at a distance.

The sun went down ; the savages disappeared, the
garrison slept upon their arms. One hour before
midnight the war whoop burst from a thousand lips
in the forest around, followed by the discharge of
musketry, and the rush of the foe. Every man, sick
and well, sprang to his post. Every man knew that
defeat was not merely death, but in the case of cap-
ture, death by the most agonizing and prolonged tor-
ture. No pen can describe, no immagination can
conceive the scenes which ensued. The savages suc-
ceeded in setting fire to one of the block -houses-
Until six o'clock in the morning, this awful conflict
continued. The savages then, baffled at every point,
and gnashing their teeth with rage, retired. Capt.
Taylor, for this gallant defence, was promoted to tlie
rank of major by brevet.

Until the close of the war, MajorTaylor was placed
in such situations that he saw but little more of active
service. He was sent far away into the depths of the
wilderness, to Fort Crawford, on Fox River, which
empties into Green Bay. Here there was but little
to be done but to wear away the tedious hours as one
best could. There were no books, no society, no in-

ZACHARY TAYLOR.

tellectual stimulus. Thus with him the uneventful
years rolled on Gradually he rose to the rank of
colonel. In the Black Hawk war, which, resulted in
the capture of that renowned chieftain, Col Taylor
took a subordinate but a brave and efficient part.

For twenty-four years Col. Taylor was engaged in
the defence of the frontiers, in scenes so remote, and m
employments so obscure, that his name was unknown
beyond the limits of his own immediate acquaintance.
In the year 1836, he was sent to Florida to compel
the Seminole Indians to vacate that region and re-
tire beyond the Mississippi, as their chiefs by treaty,
hac' promised they should do. The services rendered
he:c secured for Col. Taylor the high appreciation of
the Government; and as a reward, he was elevated
tc he rank of brigadier-general by brevet ; and soon
after, in May, 1838, was appointed to the chief com-
mand of the United Slates troops in Florida.

After two years of sucli wearisome employment
amidst the everglades of the peninsula. Gen. Taylor
obtained, at his own request, a change of command,
end was stationed over the Department of the South-
west. This field embraced Louisiana, Mississippi,
Alabama and Georgia. Establishing his headquarters
at Fort Jessup, in Louisiana, he removed his family
to a plantation which he purchased, near Baton Rogue.
Here he remained for five years, buried, as it were,
from the world, but faithfully discharging every duty
imposed upon him.

In 1846, Gen. Taylor was sent to guard the land
between the Nueces and Rio Grande, the latter river
being the boundary of Texas, which was then claimed
by the United States. Soon the war with Me.\ico
was brought on, and at Palo Alto and Resaca dc la
Palma, Gen. Taylor won brilliant victories over the
Mexicans. The rank of major-general by brevet'
was then conferred upon Gen. Taylor, and his name
was received with enthusiasm almost everywhere in
the Nation. Then came the battles of Monterey and
Buena Vista in which he won signal victories over
forces much larger than he commanded.

His careless habits of dress and his unaffected
r-implicity, secured for Gen. Taylor among his troops,
\^% sobriquet of "Old Rough and Ready.'

The tidings of the brilliant victory of Buena Vista
;pread the wildest enthusiasm over the country. 'l"he
name of Gen. Taylor was on every one's lips. The
Whig party decided to take advantage of this wonder-
ful popularity in bringing forward the unpolished, un-
lettered, honest soldier as their candidate for the
Presidency. Gen. Taylor was astonished at the an-
nouncement, and for a time would not listen toil; de-
claring that he was not at all qualified for such an
office. So little interest had he taken in politics that,
for forty years, he had not cast a vote. It was not
without chagrin that several distinguished statesmen
who had been long years in the public service found
tl.iir claims set aside in behalf of one <vli0se name

had never been heard of, save in connection with Palo
Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey and Buena
Vista. It is said that Daniel Webster, in his haste re-
marked, " It is a nomination not fit to be made."

Gen. Taylor was not an eloquent speaker nor a fine
writer His friends took possession of him, and pre-
pared such few communications as it was needful
should be presented to the public. The popularity of
the successful warrior swept the land. He was tri-
umphantly elected over two opposing candidates, —
Gen. Cass and Ex-President Martin Van Buren.
Though he selected an excellent cabinet, the good
old man found himself in a very uncongenial position,
and was, at times, sorely perplexed and harassed.
His mental suff'erings were very severe, and probably
tended to hasten his death. The pro-slavery party
was pushing its claims with tireless energy, expedi-
tions were fitting out to capture Cuba ; California was
pleading for admission to the Union, while slavery
stood at the door to bar her out. Gen. Taylor found
the political conflicts in Washington to be far more
trying to the nerves than battles with Mexicans or
Indians

In the midst of all these troubles. Gen. Taylor,
after he had occupied the Presidential chair but little
over a year, took cold, and after a brief sickness of
but little over five days, died on the 9th of July, 1850.
His last woids were, "I am not afraid to die. I am
ready. I have endeavored to do my duty." He died
universally respected and beloved. An honest, un-
pretending man, he had been steadily growing in the
affections of the people; and the Nation bitterly la-
mented his death.

Gen. Scott, who was thoroughly acquainted with
Gen. Taylor, gave the following graphic and truthful
description of his character: — " With a good store of
common sense. Gen. Taylor's mind had not been en-
larged and refreshed by reading, or much converse
with the world. Rigidity of ideas was the conse-
quence. The frontiers and small military posts had
been his home. Hence he was quite ignorant for his
rank, and quite bigoted in his ignorance. His sim-
plicity was child-like, and with innumerable preju-
dices, amusing and incorrigible, well suited to the
tender age. Thus, if a man, however respectable,
chanced to wear a coat of an unusual color, or his hat
a little on one side of his head; or an officer to leave
a corner of his handkerchief dangling from an out-
side pocket, — in any such case, this critic held the
off".'nder to be a coxcomb (perhaps something worse),
whom he would not, to use his oft repeated phrase,
'touch with a pair of tongs.'

"Any allusion to literature beyond good old Dil-
worth's spelling-book, on the part of one wearing a
sword, was evidence, with the same judge, of utter
unfitness for heavy marching.s and combats. In short,
few men have ever had a more comfortable, labor-
saving contempt for learnirg of every kind."

cy6o^W<^crzz)

THIRTEENTH PRESIDENT.

•i 1^

^'ffllLLftRn FILLMORE. '4

"^^-Jy tjl^^^

ILLARD FILLMORE, thir-
teenth President of the United
States, was born at Summer
Hill, Cayuga Co., N. Y ., on
the 7th of January, 1800. His
father was a farmer, and ow-
ing to misfortune, in humble cir-
cumstances. Of his mother, the
daughter of Dr. Abiathar Millard,
of Pittsfield, Mass., it has been
said that she possessed an intellect
of very high order, united with much
personal loveliness, sweetness of dis-

f position, graceful manners and ex-
quisite sensibilities. She died in
1831 ; having lived to see her son a
' young man of distinguished prom-
ise, though she was not permitted to witness the high
dignity which he finally attained.

In consequence of the secluded home and limited
means of his father, Millard enjoyed but slender ad-
vantages for education in his early years. The com-
mon schools, which he occasionally attended were
very imperfect institutions; and books were scarce
and expensive. There was nothing then in his char-
acter to indicate the brilliant career upon which he
was about to enter. He was a plain fanner's boy ;
intelligent, good-looking, kind-hearted. The sacred
influences of home had taught him to revere the Bible,
and had laid the foundations of an upright character.
When fourteen years of age, his father sent him
some hundred miles from home, to the then wilds of
Livingston County, to learn the trade of a clothier.
Near the mill there was a small villiage, where some

enterprising man had commenced the collection of a
village library. This proved an inestimable blessing
to young Fillmore. His evenings were spent in read-
ing Soon every leisure moment was occupied with
books. His thirst fur knowledge became insatiate;
and the selections which he made were continually
more elevating and instructive. He read history,
biography, oratory, and thus gradually there was en-
kindled in his heart a desire to be something more
than a mere worker with his hands; and lie was be-
coming, almost unknown to himself, a well-informed,
educated man.

The young clothier had now attained the age of
nineteen years, and was of fine personal appearance
and cf gentlemanly demeanor. It so happened that
there was a gentleman in the neighborhood of ample
pecuniary means and of benevolence, — Judge Walter
Wood, — who was struck with the prepossessing a'j-
pearance of young Fillmore. He made his acquaint-
ance, and was so much impressed with his ability and
attainments that he advised him to abandon his
trade and devote himself to the study of the law. The
young man replied, that he had no means of his own,
r.o friends to help him and that his previous educa-
tion had been very imperfect. But Judge Wood had
so much confidence in him that he kindly offered to
take him into his own office, and to loan him such
money as he needed. Most gratefully the generous
offer was accepted.

There is in many minds a strange delusion about
a collegiate education. A young man is supposed to
be liberally educated if he has graduated at some col-
lege. But many a boy loiters through university hal' ■
ind then enters a law office, who is by no means a:

MILLARD FILLMORE.

well prepared to prosecute his legal studies as was
Millard Fillmore when he graduated at the clothing-
mill at the end of four years of manual labor, during
which every leisure moment had been devoted to in-
tense mental culture.

In 1823, when twenty-three years of age, he was
admitted to the Court of Common Pleas. He then
went to the village of Aurora, and commenced the
practice of law. In this secluded, peaceful region,
his practice of course was limited, and there was no
opportunity for a sudden rise in fortune or in fame.
Here, in the year 1826, he married a lady of great
moral worth, and one capable of adorning any station
she might be called to fill, — Miss Abigail Powers.

His elevation of character, his untiring industry,
his legal acquirements, and his skill as an advocate,
gradually attracted attention , and he was invited to
enter into partnership under highly advantageous
circumstances, with an elder member of the bar in
Buffalo. Just before removing to Buffalo, in 1829,
he took his seat in the House of Assembly, of the
State of New York, as a representative from Erie
County. Though he had never taken a very active
part in politics, his vote and his sympathies were with
the \Vhig party. The State was then Democratic,
and he found himself in a helpless minority in the
Legislature , still the testimony comes from all parties,
that his courtesy, ability and integrity, won, to a very
unusual degri e the respect of his associates.

In the autumn of 1832, he was elected to a seat in
the United States Congress He entered that troubled
arena in some of the most tunmltuous hours of our
national history. The great conflict respecting the
national bank and the removal of the deposits, was
then raging.

His term of two years closed ; and he returned to
his profession, which he pursued with increasing rep-
utation and success. After a lapse of two years
he again became a candidate for Congress ; was re-
elected, and took his seat in 1837. His past e.xpe-
rience as a representative gave him stsength and
confidence. The first term of service in Congress to
any man can be but little more than an introduction.
He was now prepared for active duty. All his ener-
gies were brought to bear upon the public good. Every
measure received his impress.

Mr. Fillmore was now a man of wide repute, and
his popularity filled the State, and in the year 1847,
he was elected Comptroller of the State.

Mr. Fillmore had attained the age of forty-seven
years. His labors at the bar, in the Legislature, in
Congress and as' Comptroller, had given him very con-
siderable fame. The Whigs were casting about to
find suitable candidates for President and Vice-Presi-
dent at the apijroaching election. Far away, on the
waters of the Rio Grande, there was a rough old
soldier, who had fought one or two successful battles
with the Mexicans, which had caused his name to be
proclaimed in tiumpet-tones all over the land. But
it was necessary to associate with him on the same
ticket some man of reputation as a statesman.

Under the influence of these considerations, the
namesof Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore became
the rallying-cry of the Whigs, as their candidates for
President and Vice-Peesident. The Whig ticket was
signally triumphant. On the 4th of March, 1849,
Gen. Taylor was inaugurated President, and Millard
Fillmore Vice-President, of the United States.

On the 9th of July, 1850, President Taylor, but
about one year and four months after his inaugura-
tion, was suddenly taken sick and died. By the Con-
stitution, Vice-President Fillmore thus became Presi-
dent. He appointed a very able cabinet, of which
the illustrious Daniel Webster was Secretary of State.

Mr. Fillniore had very serious difficulties to contend
with, since the opposition had a majority in both
Houses. He did everything in his power to conciliate
the South; but the pro-slavery party in the South felt
the inadequacy of all measuresof transient conciliation.
The population of the free States was so rapidly in-
creasing over that of the slave States that it was in-
evitable that the power of the Government should
soon pass into the hands of the free States. The
famous compromise measures were adopted under Mr.
Fillmtre's adminstration, and the Japan Expedition
was sent out. On the 4th of March, 1853, Mr Fill-
more, having served one term, retired.

In 1856, Mr. Fillmore was nominated for the Pres-
idency by the " Know Nothing " party, but was beaten
by Mr. Buchanan. After that Mr. Fillmore lived in
retirement. During the terrible conflict of civil war,
he was mostly silent. It was generally supposed that
his sympathies were rather with those who were en-
deavoring to overthrow our institutions. President
Fillmore kept aloof from the conflict, without any
cordial words of cheer lo the one party or the other.
He was thus forgotten by both. He lived to a ripe
old age, and died in Buff"alo. N. Y., March 8, 1874.

FOURTEENTH PRESIDENT.

^ ,; :^^ ^"FRflNKLIN PIEREEJ4 .:^/ ■ ^^,:, 4^-.

RANKLIN PIERCE, the
fourteenth President of the
J^'" United States, was born in
Hillsborough, N. H., Nov.
23, 1804. His father was a
Revolutionary soldier, who,
with his own strong arm,
hewed out a home in the
wilderness. He was a man
of inflexible integrity; of
strong, though uncultivated
mind, and an uncompromis-
ing Democrat. The mother of
Franklin Pierce was all that a son
could desire, — an intelligent, pru-
dent, affectionate, Christian wom-
an. Franklin was the sixth of eight children.

Franklin was a very bright and handsome boy, gen-
erous, warm-hearted and brave. He won alike the
love of old and young. The boys on the play ground
loved him. His teachers loved him. The neighbors
looked upon him with pride and affection. He was
by instinct a gentleman; always speaking kind words,
doing kind deeds, with a peculiar unstudied tact
which taught him what was agreeable. Witliout de-
veloping any precocity of genius, or any unnatural
devotion to books, he was a good, scholar; in body,
in mind, in affections, a finely-developed boy.

When sixteen years of age, in the year 1820, he
entered Bowdoin College, at Brunswick, Me He was
one of the most popular young men in the college.
The purity of his moral character, the unvarying
courtesy of his demeanor, his rank as a scholar, and

genial nature, rendered him a universal favorite.
There was something very peculiarly winning in his
address, and it was evidently not in the slightest de-
gree studied : it was the simple outgushing of his
own magnanimous and loving nature.

Upon graduating, in the year 1824, Franklin Pierce
commenced the study of law in the office of Judge
Woodbury, one of the most distinguished lawyers of
the State, and a man of great private worth. The
eminent social qualities of the young lawyer, his
father's prominence as a public man, and the brilliant
political career into which Judge Woodbury was en-
tering, all tended to entice Mr. Pierce into the faci
nating yet perilous path of political life. With all
the ardor of his nature he espoused the cause of Gen.
Jackson for the Presidency. He commenced the
practice of law in Hillsborough, and was soon elected
to represent the town in the State Legislature. Here
he served for four years. The last two years be was
chosen speaker of the house by a very large vote.

In 1833, at the age of twenty-nine, he was elected
a member of Congress. Without taking an active
part in debates, he was faithful and laborious in duty,
and ever rising in the estimation of those with whom
he was associatad.

In 1837, being then but thirty-three years of age,
he was elected to the Senate of the United States;
taking his seat just as Mr. Van Buren commenced
his administration. He was the youngest member in
the Senate. In the year 1834, he married Miss Jane
Means Appleton, a lady of rare beauty and accom-
plishments, and one admirably fitted to adorn every
station with wiiich her huslsand was honoied. Of the

FRANKLIN PIERCE.

three sons who were bom to them, all now sleep with
their parents in the grave.

In the year 1838, Mr. Pierce, with growing fame
and increasing business as a lawyer, took up his
residence in Concord, the capital of New Hampshire.
President Polk, upon his accession to office, appointed
Mr. Pierce attorney-general of the United States; but
the offer was declined, in consequence of numerous
professional engagements at home, and the precariuos
state of Mrs. Pierce's health. He also, about the
same time declined the nomination for governor by the
Democratic party. The war with Mexico called Mr.
Pierce in the army. Receiving the appointment of
brigadier-general, he embarked, with a portion of his
troops, at Newport, R. I., on the 27th of May, 1847.
He took an important part in this war, proving him-
self a brave and true soldier.

When Gen. Pierce reached his home in his native
State, he was received enthusiastically by the advo-
cates of the Mexican war, and coldly by his oppo-
nents. He resumed the practice of his profession,
very frequently taking au active part in political ques-
tions, giving his cordial support to the pro-slavery
wing of the Democratic party. The compromise
measures met cordially with his approval; and he
strenuously advocated the enforcement of the infa-
mous fugitive-slave law, which so shocked the religious
sensibilities of tlie North. He thus became distin-
guished as a " Northern man with Southern principles.''
The strong partisans of slavery in the South conse-
quently regarded him as a man whom they could
safely trust in office to carry out their plans.

On the i2th of June, 1852, the Democratic conven-
tion met in Baltimore to nominate a candidate for the
Presidency. For four days they continued in session,
and in thirty-five ballotings no one had obtained a
two-thirds vote. Not a vote thu-. far had been thrown
for Gen. Pierce. Then the Virginia delegation
brought forward his name. There were fourteen
more ballotings, during which Gen. Pierce constantly
gained strength, until, at the forty-ninth ballot, he
received two hundred and eighty-two votes, and all
other candidates eleven. Gen. Winfield Scott was
the Whig candidate. Gen. Pierce was chosen with
great unanimity. Only four States — Vermont, Mas-
sachusetts, Kentucky and Tennessee — cast their
electoral votes against him Gen. Franklin Pieice
was therefore inaugurated President of the United
States on the 4th of March, 1853.

His administration proved one of the most stormy our
country had ever experienced. The controversy be-
tween slavery and freedom was then approaching its
culminating point It became evident that there was
an "irrepressible conflict " between them, and that
this Nation could not long exist " half slave and half
free." President Pierce, during the whole of his ad-
ministration, did every thing he could to conciliate
the South ; but it was all in vain. The conflict every
year grew more violent, and threats of the dissolution
of the Union were borne to the North on eveiy South-
ern breeze.

Such was the condition of affairs when President
Pierce approached the close of his four-years' term
of office. The North had become thoroughly alien-
ated from him. The anti-slavery sentimer.t, goaded
by great outrages, had been rapidly increasing; all
the intellectual ability and social worth of President
Pierce were forgotten in deep reprehension of his ad-
ministrative acts. The slaveholders of the South, also,
unmindful of the fidelity with which he had advo-
cated those measures of Government which they ap-
proved, and perhaps, also, feeling that he had
rendered himself so unpopular as no longer to be
able acceptably to serve them, ungratefully dropped
him, and nominated James Buchanan to succeed him.

On the 4th of March, 1857, President Pierce re-
tired to his home in Concord. Of three children, two
had died, and his only surviving child had been
killed before his eyes by a railroad accident ; and his
wife, one of the most estimable and accomplished of
ladies, was rapidly sinking in consumption. The
hour of dreadful gloom soon came, and he was left
alone in the world, without wife or child.

When the terrible Rebellion burst forth, which di-
vided our country into two parties, and two only, Mr.
Pierce remained steadfast in the principles which he
had always cherished, and gave his sympathies to
that pro-slavery party with which he had ever been
allied. He declined to do anything, either by voice
or pen, to strengthen the hand of the National Gov-
ernment. He continued to reside in Concord until
the time of his death, which occurred in October,
1869. He was one of the most genial and social of
men, an honored communicant of the Episcopal
Church, and one of the kindest of neighbors. Gen-
erous to a fault, he contiibuted liberally for the al-
leviation of suffering and want, and many of his towns-
people were often gladened by his material bounty.

■xZy77ze_J ^

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I'IFTEBNTH PRESIDENT.

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\MES BUCHANAN, the fif-
jteenth President of the United
States, was born in a small
frontier town, at the foot of the
eastern ridge of the AUegha-
nies, in Franklin Co., Penn., on
the 23d of April, 1791. The place
where the humble cabin of his
father stood was called Stony
Batter. It was a wild and ro-
mantic spot in a gorge of the moun-
tains, with towering summits rising
grandly all around. His father
was a native of the north of Ireland ;
a poor man, who had emigrated in
1783, with little property save his
own strong arms. Five years afterwards he married
Elizabeth Spear, the daughter of a respectable farmer,
and, with his young bride, plun;;ed into the wilder-
ness, staked his claim, reared his log-hut, opened a
clearing with his axe, and settled down there to per-
form his obscure part in the drama of life. In this se-
cluded home, where James was born, he remained
for eight years, enjoying but few social or i;itellectual
advantages. When James was eight yeaisof age, his
father removed to the village of Mercersburg, where
his son was placed at school, and commenced a
course of study in English, Latin and Greek. His
l)rogress was rapid, and at the age of fourteen, he
entered Dickinson College, at Carlisle. Here he de-
veloped remarkable talent, and took his stand among
the first scholars in the institution. His application
»o study was intense, and yet his native powers en-

abled him to master the most abstruse subjects with
facility.

In the year 1809, he graduated with the highest
honors of his class. He was then eighteen years of
age; tall and graceful, vigorous in health, fond of
athletic sport, an unerring shot, and enlivened with
an exuberant flow of animal spirits. He immediately
commenced the study of law in the city of Lancaster,
and was admitted to the bar in 1812, when he was
but twenty-one years of age. Very rapidly he rose
in his profession, and at once took undisputed stand
with the ablest law) ers of the State. When but
twenty-six years of age, unaided by counsel, he suc-
cessfully defended before the State Senate 01 e of tiie
judges of the State, who was tried upon articles of
impeachment. At the age of thirty it was generally
admitted that he stood at the head of the bar; and
there was no lawyer in the State who had a more lu-
crative practice.

In 1820, he reluctantly consented to run as a
candidate for Congress. He was elected, and for
ten years he remained a member of the Lower House.
During the vacations of Congress, he occasionally
tried some important case. In 1831, he retired
altogether from the toils of his profession, having ac-
ciuired an ample fortune.

Gen. Jackson, upon his elevation to the Presidency,
appointed Mr. Buchanan minister to Russia. The
duties of his mission he performed with ability, which
gave satisfaction to all parties. ,Upon his return, in
1833, he was elected to a seat in the United States
Senate. He there met, as his associates, WeLstcr.
Clay, Wright and Calhoun. He advocated the meas-
ures proposed by President Jackson, of making repri-

JAMES BUCHANAN.

s.il.-i against Fiance, to enforce the payment of our
claims agaiiirit that country; and defended the course
of the Pi-c->iddat in his unprecedented and wholesale
removal from office of those who were not the sup-
porters of his administration. Upon this question he
was broaght into direct collision with Heary Clay.
He also, with voice and vote, advocated expunging
from the journal of the Senate the vote of censure
against Gen. Jackson for removing the deposits.
Earnestly he opposed the abolition of slavery in the
District of Columbia, and urged the prohibition of the
circulation of anti-slavery documents by the United
States mails.

As to petitions on the subject of slavery, he advo-
cated that they should be respectfully received; and
that the reply should be returned, tliat Congress had
no power to legislate upon the subject. ' Congress,"
said he, " might as well undertake to interfere with
slavery under a foreign government as in any of the
States where it now e.xists."

Upon Mr. Polk's accession to the Presidency, Mr.
Buchanan became Secretary of State, and as such,
took his share of the responsibility in the conduct of
the Mexican War. Mr. Polk assumed that crossing
the Nueces by the American troops into the disputed
territory was not wrong, but for the Mexicans to cross
the Rio Grande into that territory was a declaration
of war. No candid man can read with pleasure the
account of the course our Government pursued in that
movement

Mr. Buchanan identified himself thoroughly with
the party devoted to the pi^rpetuation and extension
of slavery, and brought all the energies of his mind
to bear against the Wilmot Proviso. He gave his
cordial approval to the compromise measures of 1050,
which included the fugiiive-slave law. Mr. Pierce,
u:ion his election to the Presidency, honored Mr.
Buchanan with the mission to England.

In the year 1856, a national Democratic conven-
tion nominated Mr. Buchanan for the Presidency. The
political conflict was one of the most severe in which
o ir country has ever engaged. All the friends of
slavery were on one side; all the advocates of its re-
striction and final abolition, on the other. Mr. Fre-
mont, the candidate of the enemies of slavery, re-
reived 114 electoral votes. Mr. Buchanan received
174, and was elected. The popular vote stood
1,340,618, for Fremont, 1,224,750 for Buchanan. On
March 4th, 1857, Mr. Buchanan was inaugurated.

Mr. Buchanan was far advanced in life. Only four
years were wanting to fill up his threescore years and
ten. His own friends, those with whom he had been
allied in political princi|iles and action for years, were
seeking the destruction of the Government, that they
might rear upon the ruins of our free institutions a
i-.ation whose corner-stone should be human slavery.
[n this emergency, Mr. Buchanan was hopelessly be-
wildered He could not, with his long-avowed prin-

ciples, consistently oppose the State-rights party in
their assumptions. As President of the United States,
bound by his oath faithfully to administer the laws,
he could not, without perjury of the grossest kind,
unite with those endeavoring to overthrow the repub-
lic. He therefore did nothing.

The opponents of Mr. Buchanan's administration
nominaled Abraham Lincoln as their standard bearer
in the next Presidential canvass. The pro-slaverv
party declared, that if he were elected, and the con-
trol of the Government were thus taken from their
hands, they would secede from the Union, taking
with them, as they retired, the National Capitol at
Washington, and the lion's share of the territory of
the United States.

Mr. Buchanan's sympathy with the pro-slavery
party was such, that he had been willing to offerthem
far more than they had ventured to claim. All the
South had professed to ask of the North was non-
intervention upon the subject of slavery. Mr. Bu-
chanan had been ready to offer them the active co-
operation of the Government to defend and extend
the institution.

As the storm increased in violence, the slaveholders
claiming the right to secede, and Mr. Buchanan avow-
ing that Congress had no power to prevent it, one of
the most pitiable exhibitions of governmental im-
becility was exhibited the world has ever seen. He
declared that Congress had no power to enforce its
laws in any State which had withdrawn, or which
was attempting to withdraw from the Union. Thif
was not the doctrine of Andrew Jackson, when, with
his hand upon his sword hilt, he exclaimed. " The
Union must and shall be preserved!"

South Carolina seceded in December, i860; nearly
three months before the inauguration of President
Lincoln. Mr. Buchanan looked on in listless despair.
The rebel flag was raised in Charleston ; Fort Sumpter
was besieged; our forts, navy-yards and arsenals
were seized ; our depots of military stores were plun-
dered ; and our custom-houses and post-offices were
appropriated by the rebels.

The energy of the rebels, and the imbecility of our
Executive, were alike marvelous. The Nation looked
on in agony, waiting for the slow weeks to glide away,
and close the administration, so terrible in its weak-
ness At length the long-looked-for hour of deliver-
ance came, when Abraham Lincoln was to receive the
scepter.

The administration of President Buchanan was
certainly the most calamitous our country has ex-
perienced. His best friends cannot recall it with
pleasure. And still more deplorable it is for his fame,
that in that dreadful conflict which rolled its billows
of flame and blood over our whole land, no word came
from his lips to indicate his wish that our country's
banner should triumph over the flag of the rebellion.
Hp died at his Wheatland retreat, June i, 1868.

/^-

Q.y>^^o^^r-^

SIXTEENTH PA'^S/JJE/Vr.

BRAHAM LINCOLN, the

sixteenth Piesideiit of the
J^United States, was born in
Hardin Co., Ky., Feb. 12,
1809. About the year 1780, a
man by the name of Abraham
^■^' Lincohi left Virginia with liis
family and moved into the tlien
wilds of Kentucky. Only two years
after this emigration, still a young
man, while working one day in a
field, was stealthily appro:;ched b)-
an Indian and shot dead. His widow
was left in extreme poverty witji five
little children, three boys and two
girls. Thomas, the youngest of the
boys, was four years of age at his
father's death. This Thomas was
the father of Abraham Lincoln, the
President of the United States
whose name must henceforth foi-ever be enrolled
with the most prominent in the annals of our world.
Of coarse no record has been kept of the life
of one so lowly as Thomas Lincoln. He was among
the poorest of the poor. His home was a wretched
log-cabin ; his food the coarsest and the meanest.
Education he had none; he could never either read
or write. As soon as he was able to do anything for
liimself, he was compelled to leave the cabin of his
starving motlier, and push out into the world, a friend-
.ess, wandering boy, seeking work. He hired him-
self out, and thus sijent the whole of his youth as a
laljorer in the fields of others.

When twenty-eight years of age he buili a log-
cabin of his own, and married Nancy Hanks, the
daughter of another family of poor Kentucky emi-
grants, who had also come from Virginia. Their
second child was Abraham Lincoln, the subject of
this sketch. The mother of Abrahain was a noble
woman, gentle, loving, pensive, created to adorn
a palace, doomed to toil and pine, and die in a hovel.
"All Ihat I am, or hope to be," e.xclaims the grate-
ful son "I owe to my angel-mother.

When he was eight years of age, his father sold his

cabin and small farm, and moved to Indiana. Where
two years later his mother died.

Abraham soon became the scribe of the uneducated
community around him. He could not have had a
better school than this to teacii him to put thoughts
into words. He also became an eager reader. The
books he could obtain were few ; but these he read
and re-read until they were almost committed to
memory.

As the years rolled on, the lot of this lowly family
was the usual lot of humanity. There were joys and
griefs, weddings and funerals. Abraham's sister
Sarah, to whom he was tenderly attached, was mar-
ried when a child of but fourteen years of age, and
soon died. The family was gradually scattered. Mr.
Thomas Lincoln sold out his squatter's claim in 1830,
and emigrated to Macon Co., 111.

Abraham Lincoln was then twenty-one years of age.
With vigorous hands he aided his father in rearing
another log-cabin. Abraham worked diligently at this
until he saw the family comfortably settled, and their
small lot of enclosed prairie planted with corn, wl e.i
he announced to his father his intention to leave
home, and to go out into the world and seek his for-
tune. Little did he or his friends imagine how bril-
liant that fortune was to be. He saw the value of
education and was intensely earnest to improve his
mind to the utmost of his power. He saw the ruin
which aident spirits were causing, and 1 ecame
strictly temperate; refusing to allow a dro[) of iritoxi-
cating liquor to pass his lips. And he had read in
God's word, " Thou shalt not take the name of the
Lord thy God in vain;" and a profane expression he
was never heard to utter. Religion he revered. His
morals were pure, and he was uncontaminated by a
single vice.

Young Abraham worked for a time as a hired laborer
among the farmers. Then he went to Springfield,
where he was employed in building a large flat-boat.
In this he took a herd of swine, floated them dowr^
the Sangamon to the Illinois, and thence by the Mis-
sissippi to New Orleans. Wjiatever Abraham Lin-
coln undertook, he performed so faithfully as to giv?.
great satisfaction to his employers. In this .ndvcn-

ABRAHAM LINCOLN.

tLire his cmployeis were so well pleased, that upon
Ins retarn tiicy placed a store and mill under his care.

1,1 1832, at the outbreak of the Black Hawk war, he
enlisted and was chosen captain of a company. He
returned to Sangamon County, and although only 23
years of age, was a candidate for the Legislature, but
was defeated. He soon after received from Andrew
Jackson the appointment of Postmaster of New Salem,
His only post-office was his hat. All the letters he
received he carried there ready to deliver to those
he chanced to meet. He studied surveying, and soon
made this his business. In 1834 he again became a
candidate for the Legislattire, and was elected Mr.
Stuart, of Springfield, advised him to study law. He
walked from New Salem to Springfield, borrowed of
:\Ir. Stuart a load of books, carried them back and
began his legal studies. When the Legislature as-
sembled he trudged on foot with his pack on his back
o .e hundred miles to Vandalia, then the capital. In
1836 he was re-elected to the Legislature. Here it
was he first met Stephen A. Douglas. In 1839 he re-
moved to Springfield and began the practice of law.
His success with the jury was so great that he was
soon engaged in almost every noted case in the circuit.

In 1854 the great discussion began between Mr.
Lincoln and Mr. Douglas, on the slavery question.
In the organization of the Republican party in Illinois,
in 1856, he took an active part, and at once became
one of the leaders in that party. Mr. Lincoln's
speeches in opposition to Senator Douglas in the con-
test in 1858 for a seat in the Senate, form a most
notable part of his history. The issue was on the
ilavery question, and he took the broad ground of
.he Declaration of Independence, that all men are
created equal. Mr. Lincoln was defeated in this con-
test, but won a far higher prize.

The great Republican Convention met at Chicago
on the i6th ot June, i860. The delegates and
strangers who crowded the city amounted to twenty-
five thousand. An immense building called "The
Wigwam," was reared to accommodate the Conven-
tion. There were eleven candidates for whom votes
were thrown. William H Seward, a man whose fame
as a statesman had long filled the land, was the most
nrominent. It was generally supposed he Avould be
the nominee, Abraham Lincoln, however, received
the nomination on the third ballot. Little did he then
dream of the weary years of toil and care, and the
bloody death, to which that nomination doomed him :
and aslittle did lie dream that he was to render services
to his country, which would fix upon him the eyes of
the whole civilized world, and which would give him
a place in the affections of his countrymen, second
only, if second, to that of Washington.

Election day came and Mr. Lincoln received 180
electoral votes out of 203 cast, and was, therefore,
constitutionally elected President of the United States.
The tirade of abuse that vas poured upon this good

and merciful man, especially by the slaveholders, was
greater than upon any other man ever elected to this
high position. In February, 186 1, Mr. Lincoln started
for Washington, stopping in all the large cities on his
way making speeches. The whole journey was frought
with much danger. Many of the Southern States had
already seceded, and several attempts at assassination
were afterwards brought to light. A gang in Balti-
more had arranged, upon his arrival to "get up a row, "
and in the confusion to make sure of his death with
revolvers and hand-grenades. A detective unravelled
the plot. A secret and special train was provided to
take him from HarrisL'urg, through Baltimore, at an
unexpected hour of the night. The train started at
half-past ten ; and to prevent ai.y possible communi-
cation on the part ot the Secessionists with their Cor.-
federate gang in Baltimore, as soon as the train had
started the telegraph-wires were cut. Mr. Lincol.i
reached Washington in safety and was inaugurated,
although great anxiety was felt by all loyal people.

In the selection of his cabinet Mr. Lincoln gave
to Mr Seward the Department of State, and to other
prominent opponents before the convention he gave
important positions.

During no other administration have the duties
devolving upon the President been so manifold, and
the responsibilities so great, as those which fell to
the lot of President Lincoln. Knowing this, and
feeling his own weakness and inability to meet, and in
his own strength to cope with, the difficulties, he
learned early to seek Divine wisdom and guidance in
determining his plans, and Divine comfort in all his
trial;, bo'h personal and national Contrary to his
own estimate of himself, Mr. Lincoln was one of the
most courageous of men. He went directly into the
rebel capital just as the retreating foe was leaving,
with no guard but a few sailors. From the time he
had left Springfield, in 1861, however, plans had been
made for his assassination, and he at last fell a victim
to oneof them, .'\pril 14, 1865, he, with Gen. Grant,
was urgently invited to attend Fords' Theater. It
was announced that they would be present. Gen.
Grar.t, however, left the city. President Lincoln, fee'-
ing, witu his characteristic kindliness of heart, that
it would be a disappointment if he should fail them,
very reluctantly consented to go. While listening to
the play an actor by the name of John AVilkes Booth
entered the box where the President and family were
seated, and fired a bullet into his brains. He died the
next morning at seven o'clock.

Never before, in the history of the world was a nation
plunged into such deep grief by the death of its ruler.
Strong men met in the streets and wept in speechless
anguisli. It is not too much to say that a nation was
in tears. His was a life which will filly become a
model. His name as the savior of his country ■"'iil
live with that of W^ashington's, its father; his country-
men being unable to decide whirh ^s tt'e ureater.

^^^':^^i^^iC!'^^<^

.SA~ VEArrKENTH PRESIDENT.

NDREW JOHNSON, seven-
teenth President of the United
States. The early life of
Andrew Johnson contains but
the record of poverty, destitu-
tion and friendlessness. He
was born December 29, 1808,
in Raleigh, N. C. His parents,
belonging to the class of the
"poor whites " of the South, were
in such circumstances, that they
could not confer even the slight-
est advantages of education upon
W'J? their child. When Andrew was five
I years of age, his father accidentally
lost his life while herorically endeavoring to save a
friend from drowning. Until ten years of age, Andrew
was a ragged boy about the streets, supported by the
labor of his mother, who obtained her living with
her own hands.

He then, having never attended a school one day,
and being unable either to read or write, was ap-
prenticed to a tailor in his native town. A gentleman
was in the habit of going to the tailor's shop occasion-
ally, and reading to the boys at work there. He often
read from the speeches of distinguished British states-
men. Andrew, who was endowed with a mind of more
than ordinary native ability, became much interested
in these speeches ; his ambition was roused, and he
was inspired with a strong desire to learn to read.

He accordingly applied himself to the alphabet, and
with the assistance of some of his fellow- workmen,
learned his letters. He then called upon the gentle-
man to borrow the book of speeches. The owner,

pleased with his zeal, not only gave him the boo^-
but assisted him in learning to combine the lettorc
into words. Under such difficulties he pressed 3..
ward laboriously, spending usually ten or twelve hours
at work in the shop, and then robbing himself of rest
and recreation to devote such time as he could to
reading.

He went to Tennessee in 1826, and located at
Greenville, where he married a young lady who pos
sessed some education. Under her instructions )ie
learned to write and cipher. He became prominent
in the village debating society, and a favorite with
the students of Greenville College. In 1828, he or-
ganized a working man's party, which elected him
alderman, and in 1830 elected him mayor, which
position he held three years.

He now began to take a lively interest in political
affairs; identifying himself with the working-classes,
to which he belonged. In 1835, he was elected a
member of the House of Representatives of Tennes-
see. He was then just twenty-seven years of age,
He became a very active member of the legislature
gave his adhesion to the Democratic party, and in
1840 "stumped the State," advocating Martin ^ "an
Buren's claims to the Presidency, in opposition to thos^
of Gen. Harrison. In this campaign he acquired much
readiness as a speaker, and extended and increased
his reputation.

In 1841, he was elected State Senator; in 1843, he
was elected a member of Congress, and by successive
elections, held that important post for ten years. In
1853, he was elected Governor of Tennessee, and
was re-elected in 1855. In all these resiwnsible posi-
tions, he discharged his duties with distinguished abi.

ANDRE IV JOHNSON.

ity, and proved himself the warm friend of the work-
ing classes. In 1857, Mr. Johnson was elected
United States Senator.

Years before, in 1845, he had warmly advocated
the annexation of Texas, stating however, as his
reason, that he thought this anne.xation would prob-
ably prove " to be the gateway out of which the sable
sons of Africa are to pass from bondage to Ireedom,
and become merged in a population congenial to
themselves." In 1850, he also supported the com-
promise measures, the two essential features of which
were, that the white people of the Territories should
be permitted to decide for themselves whether they
would enslave the colored people or not, and that
the '"ree States of the North should return to the
South persons who attempted to escape from slavery.

Mr. Johnson was neverashamedof his lowly origin:
on the contrary, he often took pride in avowing that
he owed his distinction to his own exertions. "Sir,"
said he on the floor of the Senate, " I do not forget
that I am a mechanic ; neither do I forget that Adam
was a tailor and sewed fig-leaves, and that our Sav-
ior was the son of a carpenter."

In the Charleston-Baltimore convention of iSuj, ne
was the choice of the Tennessee Democrats for the
Presidenc)'. In 186 1, when the purpose of the South-
ern Democracy became apparent, he took a decided
stand in favor of the Union, and held that " slavery
must be held subordinate to the Union at whatever
cost." He returned to Tennessee, and repeatedly
imperiled his own life to protect the Unionists of
Tennesee. Tennessee having seceded from the
Union, President Lincoln, on March 4th, 1862, ap-
pointed him Military Governor of the State, and he
established the most stringent military rule. His
numerous proclamations attracted wide attention. In

1864, he was elected Vice-President of the United
States, and upon the death of Mr. Lincoln, April 15,

1865, became President. In a speech two days later
he said, " The American people must be taught, if
Jhey do not already feel, that treason is a crime and
must be punished ; that the Government will not
always bear with its enemies ; that it is strong not
only to protect, but to punish. * * The people
must understand that it (treason) is the blackest of
crimes, and will surely be punished." Yet his whole
administration, the history of which is so well known,
was in utter ini:onsistency with, and the most violent

opposition to, the principles laid down in that speech.

In his loose policy of reconstruction and general
amnesty, he was opposed by Congress; and he char-
acterized Congress as a new rebellion, and lawlessly
defied it, in everything possible, to the utmost. In
the beginnirig of 1868, on account of "high crimes
and misdemeanors," the principal of which was the
removal of Secretary Stanton, in violation of the Ten-
ure of Office Act, articles of impeachment were pre-
ferred against him, and the trial began March 23.

It was very tedious, continuing for nearly three
months. A test article of the impeachment was at
length submitted to the court for its action. It was
certain that as the court voted upon that article so
would it vote upon all. Thirty-four voices pronounced
the President guilty. As a two-thirds vote was neces-
sary to his condemnation, he was pronounced ac-
quitted, notwithstanding the great majority against
him. The change of one vote from the not guilty
side would have sustained the impeachment.

The President, for the remainder of his term, was
but little regarded. He continued, though impotently,
his conflict with Congress. His own party did not
think it expedient to renominate him for the Presi-
dency. The Nation rallied, with enthusiasm unpar-
alleled since the days of Washington, around the name
of Gen. Grant. Andrew Johnson was forgotten.
The bullet of the assassin introduced him to the
President's chair. Notwithstanding this, never was
there presented to a man a better opportunity to im-
mortalize his naro.e, and to win the gratitude of a
nation. He failed utterly. He retired to his home
in Greenville, Tenn., taking no very active part in
politics until 1875. On Jan. 26, after an exciting
struggle, he was chosen by the Legislature of Ten-
nessee, United States Senator in the forty-fourth Con-
gress, and took his seat in that body, at the special
session convened by President Grant, on the 5th of
March. On the 27th of July, 1875, the ex-President
made a visit to his daughter's home, near Carter
Station, Tenn. When he started on his journey, he was
apparently in his usual vigorous health, but on reach-
ing the residence of his child the following day, was
stricken with paralysis, rendering him unconscious.
He rallied occasionally, but finally passed away at
2 A.M., July 31, aged sixty-seven years. His fun-
eral was attended at Geenville, on the 3d of August,
with every demonstration of respect.

.::tr

EIGH TJiENTH FRESIDEN7\

LYSSES S. GRANT, the
eighteenth President of the
|> United States, was born on
the 29th of April, 1822, of
Christian parents, in a humble
home, at Point Pleasant, on the
banks of the Ohio. Shortly after
his father moved to George-
town, Brown Co., O. In this re-
mote frontier hamlet, Ulysses
received a common-school edu-
cation. At the age of seven-
teen, in the year 1839, he entered
the Military Academy at West
Point. Here he was regarded as a
solid, sensible young man of fair abilities, and of
sturdy, honest character. He took respectable rank
as a scholar. In June, 1843, he graduated, about the
middle in his class, and was sent as lieutenant of in-
fantry to one of the distant military posts in the Mis-
souri Territory. Two years he past in these dreary
solitudes, watching the vagabond and exasperating
Indians.

The war with Mexico came. Lieut. Grant was
sent with his regiment to Corpus Christi. His first
battle was at Palo Alto. There was no chance here
for the exhibition of either skill or heroism, nor at
Resaca de la Palma, his second battle. At the battle
of Monterey, his third engagement, it is said that
he performed a signal service of daring and skillful
horsemanship. His brigade had exhausted its am-
munition. A messenger must be sent for more, along
a route exposed to the bullets of the foe. Lieut.
Grant, adopting an expedient learned of the Indians,
grasped the mane of his horse, and hanging upon one
side of the ani):«»al, ran the gauntlet in entire safety.

From Monterey he was sent, with the fourth infantry,
10 aid Gen. Scott, at the siege of Vera Cruz. In
preparation for the march to the city of Mexico, he
was appointed quartermaster of his regiment. At the
battle of Molino del Rey, he was promoted to a
first lieutenancy, and was brevetted captain at Cha-
pultepec.

At the close of the Mexican War, Capt. Grant re-
turned with his regiment to New York, and was again
sent to one of the military posts on the frontier. The
discovery of gold in California causing an immense
tide of emigration to flow to the Pacific shores, Capt.
Grant was sent with a battalion to Fort Dallas, in
Oregon, for the protection of the interests of the im-
migrants. Life was wearisome in those wilds. Capt.
Grant resigned his commission and returned to the
States; and having married, entered upon the cultiva-
tion of a small farm near St. Louis, Mo. He had but
little skill as a farmer. Finding his toil not re-
munerative, he turned to mercantile life, entering into
the leather business, with a younger brother, at Ga-
lena, 111. This was in the year i860. As the tidings
of the rebels firing on Fort Sumpter reached the ears
of Capt. Grant in his counting-room, he said, —
"Uncle Sam has educated me for the army; though
I have served him through one war, I do not feel that
I have yet repaid the debt. I am still ready to discharge
my obligations. I shall therefore buckle on my sword
and see Uncle Sam through this war too."

He went into the streets, raised a company of vol-
unteers, and led them as their captain to Springfield,
the capital of the State, where their services were
offered to Gov. Yates. The Governor, impressed by
the zeal and straightforward executive ability of Capt.
Grant, gave him a desk in his office, to assist in the
volunteer organization that was being formed in the
State in behalf of the Government. On the 15th of

UL YSSES S. GRA NT.

June, J 86 1, Capt. Grant received a commission as
Colonel of the Twenty-first Regiment of Illinois Vol-
unteers. His merits as a West Point graduate, who
had served for 15 years in the regular army, were such
that he was soon promoted to the rank of Brigadier-
General and was placed in command at Cairo. The
rebels raised their banner at Paducah, near the mouth
of the Tennessee River. Scarcely had its folds ap-
peared in the breeze ere Gen. Grant was there. The
rebels fled. Their banner fell, and the star and
stripes were unfurled in its stead.

He entered the service with great determination
and immediately began active duty. This was the be-
ginning, and until the surrender of Lee at Richmond
he was ever pushing the enemy with great vigor and
effectiveness. At Belmont, a few days later, he sur-
prised and routed the rebels, then at Fort Henry
won another victory. Then came the brilliant fight
at Fort Donelson. The nation was electrified by the
victory, and the brave leader of the boys in blue was
immediately made a Major-General, and the mihtary
district of Tennessee was assigned to him.

Like all great captains. Gen. Grant knew well how
to secure the results of victory. He immediately
pushed on to the enemies' lines. Then came the
terrible battles of Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, and the
siege of Vicksburg, where Gen. Pemberton made an
unconditional surrender of the city with over thirty
thousand men and one-hundred and seventy-two can-
non. The fall of Vicksburg was by far the most
severe blow which the rebels had thus far encountered,
and opened up the Mississippi from Cairo to the Gulf.

Gen. Grant was next ordered to co-operate with
Gen. Banks in a movement upon Texas, and pro-
ceeded to New Orleans, where he was thrown from
his horse, and received severe injuries, from which he
was laid up for months. He then rushed to the aid
of Gens. Rosecrans and Thomas at Chattanooga, and
by a wonderful series of strategic and technical meas-
ures put the Union Army in fighting condition. Then
followed the bloody battles at Chattanooga, Lookout
Mountain and Missionary Ridge, in which the rebels
were routed with great loss. This won for him un-
bounded praise in the North. On the 4th of Febru-
ary, 1864, Congress revived the grade of lieutenant-
general, and the rank was conferred on Gen. Grant.
He repaired to Washington to receive his credentials
and enter upon ♦)■'<" duties of his new office.

Gen. Grant decided as soon as he took charge of
ihe army to concentrate the widely-dispersed National
troops for an attack upon Richmond, the nominal
capital of the Rebellion, and endeavor there to de-
stroy the rebel armies which would be promptly as-
sembled from all quarters for its defence. The whole
continent seemed to tremble under the tramp of these
majestic armies, rushing to the decisive battle field.
Steamers were crowded with troops. Railway trains
were burdened with closely packed thousands. His
plans were comprehensive and involved a series of
campaigns, which were executed with remarkable en-
ergy and ability, and were consummated at the sur-
render of Lee, April 9, 1865.

The war was ended. The Union was saved. The
almost unanimous voice of the Nation declared Gen.
Grant to be the most prominent instrument in its sal-
vation. The eminent services he had thus rendered
the country brought him conspicuously forward as the
Republican candidate for the Presidential chair.

At the Republican Convention held at Chicago,
May 21, 1868, he was unanimously nominated for the
Presidency, and at the autumn election received a
majority of the popular vote, and 214 out of 294
electoral votes.

The National Convention of the Republican party
which met at Philadelphia on the 5 th of June, 1872,
placed Gen. Grant in nomination for a second term
by a unanimous vote. The selection was emphati-
cally indorsed by the people five months later, 292
electoral votes being cast for him.

Soon after the close of his second term, Gen. Grant
started upon his famous trip around the world. He
visited almost every country of the civilized world,
and was everywhere received with such ovations
and demonstrations of respect and honor, private
as well as public and official, as were never before
bestowed upon any citizen of the United States.

He was the most prominent candidate before the
Republican National Convention in 1880 for a re-
nomination for President. He went to New York and
embarked in the brokerage business under the firm
name of Grant & Ward. The latter proved a villain,
wrecked Grant's fortune, and for larceny was sent to
the penitentiary. The General was attacked with
cancer in the throat, but suffered in his stoic-like
manner, never complaining. He was re-instated as
General of the Army and retired by Congress. The
cancer soon finished its deadly work, and July 23,
1885, the nation wenf in mourning over the death of
the illustrious General.

(^/u^^^f^L^o-A^

NINETEENTH PRESIBENT.

1'^tl'^'^t^t^'^t,;.- .'..v,v;

'-.H'^'CSPf^f^l^l^l^l

""""^^m^f"'

UTHERFORD B. HAYES,
the nineteenth President of
the United States, was born in
Delaware, O., Oct. 4, 1822, al-
most three months after the
death of his father, Rutherford
Hayes. His ancestry on both
the paternal and maternal sides,
was of the most honorable char-
acter. It can be traced, it is said,
as farbackas 1280, when Hayes and
Rutherford were two Scottish chief-
tains, fighting side by side with
Baliol, William Wallace and Robert
Bruce. Both famiHes belonged to the
nobility, owned extensive estates,
and had a large following. Misfor-
tune ovtr caking the family, George Hayes left Scot-
land in i6iSo, and settled in Windsor, Conn. His son
George way born in Windsor, and remained there
during his liie. Daniel Hayes, son of the latter, mar-
ried Sarah Lvje, and lived from the time of his mar-
riage until his death in Simsbury, Conn. Ezekiel,
son of Daniel, was born in 1724, and was a manufac-
turer of scythej at Bradford, Conn. Rutherford Hayes,
son of Ezekiel aud grandfather of President Hayes, was
born inNewHaven, in August, 1756. He was a farmer,
blacksmith and tavern-keeper. He emigrated to
Vermont at an utiknown date, settling in Brattleboro,
where he established a hotel. Here his son Ruth-
erford Hayes the father of President Hayes, was

born. He was married, in September, 1813, to Sophia
Birchard, of Wilmington, Vt., whose ancestors emi-
grated thither from Connecticut, they having been
among the wealthiest and best famlies of Norwich.
Her ancestry on the male side are traced back to
1635, to John Birchard, one of the principal founders
of Norwich. Both of her grandfathers were soldiers
in the Revolutionary War.

The father of President Hayes was an industrious,
frugal and opened-hearted man. He was of a me-
chanical turn, and could mend a plow, knit a stock-
ing, or do almost anything else that he choose to
undertake. He was a member of the Church, active
in all the benevolent enterprises of the town, and con-
ducted his business on Christian principles. After
the close of the war of 181 2, for reasons inexplicable
to his neighbors, he resolved to emigrate to Ohio.

The journey from Vermont to Ohio in that day,
when there were no canals, steamers, nor railways,
was a very serious affair. A tour of inspection was
first made, occupying four months. Mr. Hayes deter-
mined to move to Delaware, where the family arrived
in 1817. He died July 22, 1822, a victim of malarial
fever, less than three months before the birth of the
son, of whom we now write. Mrs. Hayes, in her sore be-
reavement, found the support she so much needed in
her brother Sardis, who had been a member of the
household from the day of its departure from Ver^
mont, and in an orphan girl whom she had adopted
some time before as an act of charity.

Mrs. Hayes at this period was very weak, and the

RUTHERFORD B. HAYES.

subject of this sketch was so feeble at birth that he
wasMiot expected to live beyond a month or two at
most. As the months went by he grew weaker and
weaker, so that the neighbors were in the habit of in-
quiring from time to time " if Mrs. Hayes' baby died
jast night." On one occasion a neighbor, who was on
familiar terms with the family, after alluding to the
boy's big head, and the mother's assiduous care of
nim, said in a bantering way, " That's right ! Stick to
him. You have got him along so far, and I shouldn't
wonder if he would really come to something yet."

" You reed not laugh," said iNIrs. Hayes. "You
wait and see. You can't tell but I shall make him
President of the United States yet." The boy lived,
in spite of the universal predictions of his speedy
death; and when, in 1825, his older brother was
drowned, he became, if possible, still dearer to his
mother.

The boy was seven years old before he went to
school. His education, however, was not neglected.
He probably learned as much from his mother and
sister as he would have done at school. His sports
were almost wholly within doors, his playmates being
his sister and her associates. These circumstances
tended, no doubt, to foster that gentleness of dispo-
sition, and that delicate consideration for the feelings
of others, which are marked traits of his character.

His uncle Sardis Birchard took the deepest interest
in his education ; and as the boy's health had im-
proved, and he was making good progress in his
studies, he proposed to send him to college. His pre-
paration commenced with a tutor at home; but he
was afterwards sent for one year to a professor in the
Wesleyan University, in Middletown, Conn. He en-
tered Kenyon College in 1838,31 the age of sixteen,
and was graduated at the head of his class in 1842.

Immediately after his graduation he began the
study of law in the office of Thomas Sparrow, Esq.,
in Columbus. Finding his opportunities for study in
Columbus somewhat limited, he determined to enter
the Law School at Cambridge, Mass., where he re-
mained two years.

In 1841;, after graduatmg at the Law School, he was
admitted to the bar at Marietta, Ohio, and shortly
afterward went into practice as an attorney-at-law
with Ralph P. Buckland, of Fremont. Here he re-
mained three years, acquiring but a limited practice,
and apparently unambitious of distinction in his pro-
fession.

In 1 849 he moved to Cincmnati, where his ambi-
tion found a new stimulus. For several years, how-
ever, his progress was slow. Two events, occurring at
this period, had a powerful influence upon his subse-
(aient life. One of these was his marrage with Miss
Lucy Ware Webb, daughter of Dr. James Webb, of
Chilicothe ; the other was his introduction to the Cin-
cinnati Literary Club, a body embracing among its
members suck men as'^hief Justice Salmon P. Chase,

Gen. John Pope, Gov. Edward F. Noyes, and many
others hardly less distinguished in after life. The
marriage was a fortunate one in every respect, as
everj'body knows. Not one of all the wives of our
Presidents was more universally admired, reverenced
and beloved than was Mrs. Hayes, and no one did
more than she to reflect honor upon American woman-
hood. The Literary Cluu brought Mr. Hayes into
constant association with young men of high char-
acter and noble aims, and lured him to display the
qualities so long hidden by his bashfulness and
modesty.

In 1856 he was nominated to the office of Judge of
the Court of Common Pleas; but he declined to ac-
cept the nomination. Two years later, the office of
city solicitor becoming vacant, the City Council
elected him for the unexpired term.

In 1861, when the Rebellion broke out, he was at
the zenith of his professional life. His rank at the
bar was among the the first. But the news of the
attack on Fort Sumpter found him eager to take up
arms for the defense of his country.

His military record was bright and illustrious. In
October, 186 1, he was made Lieutenant-Colonel, and
in August, 1862, promoted Colonel of the 79th Ohio
regiment, but he refused to leave his old comrades
and go among strangers. Subsequently, however, he
was made Colonel of his old regiment. At the battle
of South Mountain he received a wound, and while
faint and bleeding displayed courage end fortitude
that won admiration from all.

Col. Hayes was detached from his regiment, after
his recovery, to act as Brigadier-General, and placed
in command of the celebrated Kanawha division,
and for gallant and meritorious services in the battles
of Winchester, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, he was
promoted Brigadier-General. He was also brevet'ed
Major-General, "for gallant and distinguished ; trvices
during the campaigns of 1864, in West Virginia." In
the course of his arduous services, four horses were
shot from under him, and he was wounded four times.

In 1864, Gen. Hayes was elected to Congress, from
the Second Ohio District, which had long been Dem-
ocratic. He was not present during the campaign,
and after his election was importuned to resign his
commission in the army ; but he finally declared, " I
shall never come to Washington until I can come by
the way of Richmond." He was re-elected in 1S66.

Ir. 1867, Gen Hayes was elected Governor of Ohio,
over Hon. Allen G. Thurman, a popular Democrat.
In 1869 was re-elected over George H. Pendleton.
He was elected Governor for the third term in 187 s.

In 1876 he was the standard bearer of the Repub-
lican P.irty in the Presidential contest, and after a
hard long contest was chosen President, and was in
augurated Monday, March 5, 1875. He served his
full term, not, hcwever, with satisfaction to his party,
but his administration was an average on°.

TiVENTJETH PRESIDENT.

♦$: -# » *- -"S* #- «• A C ^ >* ^^ ^ ^^ -«• .5^ *

^i JLAxME'S jS^. ©ARFIELD. I

AMES A. GARFIELD, twen-
tieth President of the United
States, was born Nov. 19,
I S3 1, in the woods of Orange,
Cuyahoga Co., O His par-
ents were Abram and EHza
p (Ballou) Garfield, both of New
England ancestry and from fami-
lies well known in the early his-
% tory of that section of our coun-
try, but had moved to the Western
Reserve, in Ohio, early in its settle-
ment.

The house in which James A. was
born was not unlike the houses of
poor Ohio farmers of that day. It
..ds about 20x30 feet, built of logs, with the spaces be-
tween the logs filled with clay. His father was a
:iard working farmer, and he soon had his fields
cleared, an orchard planted, and a log barn built.
i"he household comprised the father and mother and
:heir four children — Mehetabel, Thomas, Mary and
Tames. In May, 1823, the father, from a cold con-
.racted in helping to put out a forest fire, died. At
diis time James was about eighteen months old, and
Thomas about ten years old. No one, perhaps, can
tell how much James was indebted to his biother's
ceil and self sacrifice during the twenty years suc-
ceeding his father's death, but undoubtedly very
much. He now lives in Michigan, and the two sis-
ters live in Solon, O., near their birthplace.

The early educational advantages young Garfield
enjoyed were very limited, yet he made the most of
them. He labored at farm work for others, did car-
penter work, chopped wood, or did anything that
would bring in a few dollars to aid his widowed
mother in he' ^irnggles to keep the little family to-

gether. Nor was Gen. Garfield ever ashamed of his
origin, and he never forgot the friends of his strug-
gling childhood, youth and manhood, neither did they
ever forget him. When in the highest seats of honor,
the humblest fiiend of his boyhood was as kindly
greeted as ever. The poorest laborer was sureof tlie
sympathy of one who had known all the bitterness
of want and the sweetness of bread earned by the
sweat of the brow. He was ever the simple, plain,
modest gentleman.

The highest ambition of young Garfield until he
was about sixteen years old was to be a captain of
a vessel on Lake Erie. He was anxious to go aboard
a vessel, which his mother strongly opposed. She
finally consented to his going to Cleveland, with the
understanding, however, that he should try to obtain
some other kind of employment. He walked all the
way to Cleveland. This was his first visit to the city.
After making many applications for work, and trying
to get aboard a lake vessel, and not meeting with
success, he engaged as a driver for his cousin, Amos
Letcher, on the Ohio &: Pennsylvania Canal. He re-
mained at this work but a short time when he went
home, and attended the seminary at Chester for
about three years, when he entered Hiram and the
Eclectic Institute, teaching a few terms of school in
the meantime, and doing other work. This school
was started by the Disciples of Christ in 1850, of
which church he was then a member. He became
janitor and bell-ringer in order to help pay his way.
He then became both teacher and pupil. He soon
" exhausted Hiram " and needed more ; hence, in the
fall of 1854, he entered Williams College, from which
he graduated in 1856, taking one of the highest hon-
ors of his class. He afterwards returned to Hiram
College as its President. As above stated, he early
united with the Christian or Diciples Church at
Hiram, and was ever after a devoted, zealous mem-
ber, often preaching in its pulpit and places where
he happened to be. Dr. Noah Porter, President of
Yale College, says of him in reference to hisreliaio.i:

JAMES A. GARFIELD.

" President Garfield was more than a man of
strong moral and religious convictions. His whole
history, from boyhood to the last, shows that duty to
man and to God, and devotion to Christ and life and
faith and spiritual commission were controlling springs
of his being, and to a more than usual degree. In
my judgment there is no more interesting feature of
his character than his loyal allegiance to the body of
Christians in which he was trained, and the fervent
sympathy which he ever showed in their Christian
communion. Not many of the i&N 'wise and mighty
and noble who are called' show a similar loyalty to
the less stately and cultured Christian comnmnions
in which they have been reared. Too often it is true
that as they step upward in social and political sig-
nificance they step upward from one degree to
another in some of tlie many types of fashionable
Christianity. President Garfield adhered to the
church of his mother, the church in which he was
trained, and in which he served as a pillar and an
evangelist, and yet with the largest and most unsec-
tarian cliarity for all 'who loveour Lord in sincerity.'"

Mr. Garfield was united in marriage with Miss
Lucretia Rudolph, Nov. 1 1, 1858, who proved herself
worthy as the wife of one whom all the world loved and
mourned. To them were born seven children, five of
whom are still living, four boys and one girl.

Mr. Garfield made his first political speeches in 1856,
in Hiram and the neighboring villages, and three
years later he began to speak at county mass-meet-
ings, and became the favorite speaker wherever he
was. During this year he was elected to the Ohio
Senate. He also began to study law at Cleveland,
and in 1S61 was admitted to the bar. The great
Rebellion broke out in the early part of this year,
and Mr. Garfield at once resolved to fight as he had
talked, and enlisted to defend the old flag. He re-
ceived his commission as Lieut. -Colonel of the Forty-
second Regiment of Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Aug.
14, 1861. He was immediately put into active ser-
vice, and before he had ever seen a gun fired in action,
was placed in command of four regiments of infantry
and eight companies of cavalry, charged with the
work of driving out of his native State the officer
(Humphrey M^rshall) reputed to be the ablest of
those, not educated to war whom Kentucky had given
to the Rebellion. This work was bravely and speed-
ily accomplished, although against great odds. Pres-
ident Lincoln, on his success commissioned him
Brigadier-General, Jan. 10, 1862; and as "he had
been the youngest man in the Ohio Senate two years
before, so now he was the youngest General in the
army." He was with Gen. Buell's army at Shiloh,
in its operations around Corinth and its march through
Alabama. He was then detailed as a memberof the
General Coutt-Martial for the trial of Gen. Fitz-John
Porter. He was then ordered to report to Gen. Rose-
crans, and was assigned to the " Chief of Staff."

The military history of Gen. Garfield closed with

his brilliant services at Chickamauga, where he won
the stars of the Major-General.

Without an effort on his part Gei? Garfield was
elected to Congress in the fall of 1862 from the
Nineteenth District of Ohio. This section of Ohio
had been represented in Congress for si.xty years
mainly by two men — Elisha Whittlesey and Joshua
R. Giddings. It was not without a struggle that he
resigned his place in the army. At the time he en-
tered Congress he was the youngest member in that
body. Ther-^ he remained by successive re-
elections until he was elected President in 1880.
Of his labors in Congress Senator Hoar says : " Since
the year 1864 you cannot think of a question which
has been debated in Congress, or discussed before a
tribunel of the American people, in regard to which
you will not find, if you wish instruction, the argu-
ment on one side stated, in almost every instance
better than by anybody else, in some speech made in
the House of Representatives or on the hustings by
Mr. Garfield."

Upon Jan. 14, 1880, Gen. Garfield was elected to
the U. S. Senate, and on the eighth of June, of tiie
same year, was nominated as the candidate of his
party for President at the great Chicago Convention.
He was elected in the following November, and on
March 4, 1881, was inaugurated. Probably no ad-
ministration ever opened its existence under brighter
auspices than that of President Garfield, and every
day it grew in favor with the people, and by the first
of July he had completed all the initiatory and pre-
liminary work of his administration and was prepar-
ing to leave the city to meet his friends at Williams
College. While on his way and at the depot, in com-
pany with Secretary Blaine, a man stepped behind
him, drew a revolver, and fired directly at his back.
The President tottered and fell, and as he did so the
assassin fired a second shot, the bullet cutting the
left coat sleeve of his victim, but inflicting no further
injury. It has been very truthfully said that this was
" the shot that was heard round the world " Never
liefore in the history of the Nation had anything oc-
curred which so nearly froze the blood of the people
for the moment, as this awful deed. He was smit-
ten on the brightest, gladdest day of all his life, and
was at the summit of his power and hope. For eighty
days, all during the hot months of July and August,
he lingered and suffered. He, however, remained
master of himself till the last, and by his magnificent
bearing was teaching the country and the world the
noblest of human lessons — how to live grandly in the
very clutch of death. Great in life, he was surpass-
ingly great in death. He passed serenely away Sept.
19, 1883, at Elberon, N. J , on the very bank of the
ocean, where he had been taken shortly previous. The
world wept at his death, as it never had done on the
death of any other man who had ever lived upon it.
The murderer was duly tried, found guilty and exe-
cuted, in one year after he committed the fou: deed.

TWBNTY.FIRST PRESIDENT.

HESTER A. ARTHUR,

twenty-first Presi^'-^.u of the

^^United States, was born in

P ranklin Cour ty, Vermont, on

thefifthofOdober, 1830, andis

the oldest of a family of two

sons and five daughters. His

father was the Rev. Dr. William

Arthur, aBaptistc'',rgyman,who

emigrated to th'.s country from

the county Antrim, Ireland, in

his i8th year, and died in 1875, in

Newtonville, neai Albany, after a

long and successful ministry.

Young Arthur was educated at
Union College, S( henectady, where
he excelled in all his studies. Af-
ter his graduation he taught school
in Vermont for two years, and at
the expiration of that time came to
New York, with $500 in his pocket,
and entered the office of ex-Judge
E. D. Culver as student. After
being admitted to the bar he formed
a partnership with his intimate friend and room-mate,
Henry D. Gardiner, with the intention of practicing
in the West, and for three months they roamed about
in the Western States in search of an eligible site,
but in the end returned to New York, where they
hung out their shingle, and entered upon a success^
ful career almost from the start. General Arthur
soon afterward nwr^d the daughter of Lieutenant

Herndon, of the United States Navy, who was lost at
sea. Congress voted a gold medal to his widow in
recognition of the bravery he displayed on that occa-
sion. Mrs. Arthur died shortly before Mr. Arthurs
nomination to the Vice Presidency, leaving two
children.

Gen. Arthur obtained considerable legal celebrity
in his first great case, the famous Lemmon suit,
brought to recover possession of eight slaves who had
been declared free by Judge Paine, of the Superior
Court of New York City. It was in 1852 that Jon,
athan Lemmon, of Virginia, went to New York with
his slaves, intending to ship them to Texas, when
they were discovered and freed. The Judge decided
that they could not be held by the owner under the
Fugitive Slave Law. A howl of rage went up from
the South, and the Virginia Legislature authorized the
Attorney General of that State to assist in an appeal.
Wm. M. Evarts and Chester A. Arthur were employed
to represent the People, and they won their case,
which then went to the Supreme Court of the United
States. Charles O'Conor here espoused the cause
of the slave-holders, but he too was beaten by Messrs
Evarts and Arthur, and a long step was taken toward
the emancipation of the black race.

Another great service was rendered by General
Arthur in the same cause in 1856. Lizzie Jennings,
a respectable colored woman, was put off a Fourth
Avenue car with violence after she had paid her fare.
General Arthur sued on her behalf, and secured a
verdict of $500 damages. The next day the compa-
ny issued an order to admit colored persons to ride
on their cars, and the other car companies quickly

CHESTER A. ARTHUR.

followed their example. Before that the Sixth Ave-
nue Company ran a few special cars for colored per-
sons and the other lines refused to let them ride at all.

General Arthur was a delegate to the Convention
at Saratoga that founded the Republican party.
Previous to the war he was Judge-Advocate of the
Second Brigade of the State of New York, and Gov-
ernor Morgan, of that State, appointed hmi Engineer-
in-Chief of his staff. In 1861, he was made Inspec-
tor General, and soon afterward became Quartermas-
ter-General. In each of these offices he rendered
great service to the Government during the war. At
the end of Governor Morgan's term he resumed the
practice of the law, forming a partnership with Mr.
Ransom, and then Mr. Phelps, the District Attorney
of New York, was added to the firm. The legal prac-
tice of this well-known firm was very large and lucra-
tive, each of the gentlemen composing it were able
lawyers, and possessed a splendid local reputation, if
not indeed one of national extent.

He always took a leading part in State and city
politics. He was appointed Collector of the Port of
New York by President Grant, Nov. 21 1872, to suc-
ceed Thomas Murphy, and held the office until July,
20, 1878, when he was succeeded by Collector Merritt.

Mr. Arthur was nominated on the Presidential
ticket, with Gen. James A. Garfield, at the famous
National Republican Convention held at Chicago in
June, 1880. This was perhaps the greatest political
convention that ever assembled on the continent. It
was composed of the 'sading politicians of the Re-
publican party, all able men, and each stood firm and
fought vigorously and with signal tenacity for their
respective candidates that were before the conven-
tion for the nomination. Finally Gen. Garfield re-
ceived the nomination for President and Gen. Arthur
for Vice-President. The campaign which followed
was one of the most animated known in the history of
our country. Gen. Hancock, the standard-bearer of
the Democratic party, was a popular man, and his
party made a valiant fight for his election.

Finally the election came and the country's choice
.vas Garfield and Arthur. They were inaugurated
March 4, i88r, as President and Vice-President.
A few months only had passed ere the newly chosen
President was the victim of the assassin's bullet. Then
came terrible weeks of suffering, — those moments of
anxious suspense, when the hearts of all civilized na-

tions were throbbing in unison, longing for the re-
covery of the noble, the good President. The remark-
able patience that he manifested during those hours
and weeks, and even months, of the most terrible suf-
fering man has often been called upon to endure, was
seemingly more than human. It was certainly God-
like. During all this period of deepest anxiety Mr.
Arthur's every move was watched, and be it said to his
credit that his every action displayed only an earnest
desire that the suffering Garfield might recover, to
serve the remainder of the term he had so auspi-
ciously begun. Not a selfish feeling was manifested
in deed or look of this man, even though the most
honored position in the world was at any moment
likely to fall to him.

At last God in his mercy relieved President Gar-
field from further suffering, and the world, as never
before in its history over the death of any other
man, wept at his bier. Then it became the duty of
the Vice President to assume the responsibilities of
the high office, and he took the oath in New York,
Sept. 20, 1881. The position was an embarrassing
one to him, made doubly so from the facts that all
eyes were, on him, anxious to know what he would do,
what policy he would pursue, and who he would se-
lect as advisers. The duties of the office had been
greatly neglected during the President's long illness,
and many important measures were to be immediately
decided by him ; and still farther to embarrass him he
did not fail to realize under what circumstances he
became President, and knew the feelings of many on
this point. Under these trying circumstances President
Arthur took the reins of the Government in his own
hands ; and, as embarrassing as were the condition of
affairs, he happily surprised the nation, acting so
wisely that but few criticised his administration.
He served the nation well and faithfully, until the
close of his administration, March 4, 1885, and was
a popular candidate before his party for a second
term. His name was ably presented before the con-
vention at Chicago, and was received with great
favor, and doubtless but for the personal popularity
of one of the opposing candidates, he would have
been selected as the standard-bearer of his party
for another campaign. He retired to private life car-
rj'ing with him the best wishes of the American peo-
ple, whom he had served in a manner satisfactory
to them and with credit to himself

Cy^-Crt^y;^ Cj^C^utZ^Oyi^^i

TWENTY-SECOND PRESIDENT.

, SI,

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TEPHEN GROVER CLEVE-
LAND, thetwenty-second Pres-
ident of the United States, was
born in 1837, in the obscure
town of Caldwell, Essex Co.,
N. J., and in a little two-and-a-
half-story white house which is still
standing, characteristically to mark
the humble birth-place of one of
America's great men in striking con-
trast with the Old World, where all
men high in office must be high in
origin and born in the cradle of
wealth. When the subject of this
sketch was three years of age, his
father, who was a Presbyterian min-
ister, with a large family and a small salary, moved,
by way of the Hudson River and Erie Canal, to
Fayetteville, in search of an increased income and a
larger field of work. Fayetteville was then the most
straggling of country villages, about five miles from
Pompey Hill, where Governor Seymour was born.

At the last mentioned place young Grover com-
menced going to school in the "good, old-fashioned
way," and presumably distinguished himself after the
manner of all village boys, in doing the things he
ought not to do. Such is the distinguishing trait of
all geniuses and independent thinkers. When he
arrived at the age of 14 years, he had outgrown the
capacity of the village school and expressed a most

emphatic desire to be sent to an academy. To this
his father decidedly objected. Academies in those
days cost money; besides, his father wanted him to
become self-supporting by the quickest possible
means, and this at that time in Fayetteville seemed
to be a position in a country store, where his father
and the large family on his hands had considerable
influence. Grover was to be paid $50 for his services
the first year, and if he proved trustworthy he was to
receive $100 the second year. Here the lad com-
menced his career as salesman, and in two years he
had earned so good a reputation for trustworthiness
that his employers desired to retain him for an in-
definite length of time. Otherwise he did not ex-
hibit as yet any particular " flashes of genius " or
eccentricities of talent. He was simply a good boy.
But instead of remaining with this firm in Fayette-
ville, he went with the family in their removal to
Clinton, where he had an opportunity of attending a
high school. Here he industriously pursued his
studies until the family removed with him to a point
on Black River known as the " Holland Patent," a
village of 500 or 600 people, 15 miles north of Utica,
N. Y. At this place his father died, after preaching
but three Sundays. This event broke up the family,
and Grover set out for New York City to accept, at a
small salary, the position of " under-teacher " in an
asylum for the blind. He taught faithfully for two
years, and although he obtained a good reputation in
this capacity, he concluded that teaching was not liij

I04

S. GROVE R CLEVELAND.

calling for life, and, reversing the traditional order,
he left the city to seek his fortune, instead of going
to a city. He first thought of Cleveland, Ohio, as
there was some charm in that name for him; but
before proceeding to that place he went to Buffalo to
isk the advice of his uncle, Lewis F. Allan, a noted
stock-breeder of that place. The latter did not
Epeak enthusiastically. " What is it you want to do,
my boy.'" he asked. "Well, sir, I want to study
law," was the reply. " Good gracious ! " remarked
the old gentleman ; " do you, indeed .' What ever put
that into your head.'' How much money have you
got."" "Well, sir, to tell the truth, I haven't got
anf."

After a long consultation, his uncle offered him a
place temporarily as assistant herd-keeper, at $50 a
year, while he could "look around." One day soon
afterward he boldly walked into the office of Rogers,
Bowen & Rogers, of Buffalo, and told them what he
wanted. A number of young men were already en-
gaged in the office, but Grover's persistency won, and
ne was finally permitted to come as an office boy and
have the use of the law library, for the nominal sum
of $3 or $4 a week. Out of this he had to pay for
his board and washing. The walk to and from his
uncle's was a long and rugged one; and, although
the first winter was a memorably severe one, his
shoes were out of repair and his overcoat — he had
none — yet he was nevertheless prompt and regular.
On the first day of his service here, his senior em-
ployer threw down a copy of Blackstone before him
with a bang that made the dust fly, saying "That's
vhere they all begin." A titter ran around the little
circle of clerks and students, as they thought that
was enough to scare young Grover out of his plans ;
but indue time he mastered that cumbersome volume.
Then, as ever afterward, however, Mr. Cleveland
exhibited a talent for executiveness rather than for
chasing principles through all their metaphysical
possibilities. " Let us quit talking and go and do
t," was practically his motto.

The first public office to which Mr. Cleveland was
eiected was that of Sheriff of Erie Co., N. Y., in
which Buffalo is situated; and in such capacity it fell
to his duty to inflict capital punishment upon two
criminals. In 1881 he was elected Mayor of the
City of Buffalo, on the Democratic ticket, with es-
pecial reference to the bringing about certain reforms

in the administration of the municipal affairs of that
city. In this office, as well as that of Sheriff, his
performance of duty has generally been considered
fair, with possibly a few exceptions which were fer-
reted out and magnified during the last Presidential
campaign. As a specimen of his plain language in
a veto message, we quote from one vetoing an iniqui-
tous street-cleaning contract: "This is a time for
plain speech, and my objection to your action shall
be plainly stated. I regard it as the culmination of
a mos bare-faced, impudent and shameless scheme
to betray the interests of the people and to worse
than squander the people's money." The New York
Sun afterward very highly commended Mr. Cleve-
land's administration as Mayor of Buffalo, and there-
upon recommended him for Governor of the Empire
State. To the latter office he was elected in 1882,
and his administration of the affairs of State was
generally satisfactory. The mistakes he made, if
any, were made very public throughout the nation
after he was nominated for President of the United
States. For this high office he was nominated July
II, 1884, by the National Democratic Convention at
Chicago, when other competitors were Thomas F.
Bayard, Roswell P. Flower, Thomas A. Hendricks,
Benjamin F. Butler, Allen G. Thurman, etc.; and he
was elected by the people, by a majority of about a
thousand, over the brilliant and long-tried Repub-
lican statesman, James G. Blaine. President Cleve-
land resigned his office as Governor of New York in
January, 1885, in order to prepare for his duties as
the Chief Executive of the United States, in which
capacity his term commenced at noon on the 4th of
March, 1885. For his Cabinet officers he selected
the following gentlemen: For Secretary of State,
Thomas F. Bayard, of Delaware ; Secretary of the
Treasury, Daniel Manning, of New York ; Secretary
of War, William C. Endicott, of Massachusetts ;
Secretary of the Navy, WiUiam C. Whitney, of New
York ; Secretary of the Interior, L. Q. C. Lamar, of
Mississippi; Postmaster-General, William F. Vilas,
of Wisconsin ; Attorney-General, A. H. Garland, of
Arkansas.

The silver question precipitated a controversy be-
tween those who were in favor of the continuance of
silver coinage and those who were opposed, Mr.
Cleveland answering for the latter, even before his
inauguration.

C^a

<s2>'7'^-^;'U'i-<2^tJ^-^^

TWENTY-THIRD PRESIDENT.

••o*o-@^'<?®-o*0"

:ENJAMIN HARRISON, the
twenty-third President, is
the descendant of one of the
historical families of this
country. The head of the
family was a Major General
Harrison, one of Oliver
Cromwell's trusted follow-
ers and fighters. In the zenith of Crom-
well's power it became the duty of this
Harrison to participate in the trial of
Charles I, and afterward to sign the
death warrant of the king. He subse-
quently paid for this with his life, being
hung Oct. 13, 1660. His descendants
came to America, and the next of the
family that appears in history is Benja-
min Ilarrison, of Virginia, great-grand-
father of the subject of this sketch, and
after whom he was named. Benjamin Harrison
was a member of the Continental Congress during
the years 1774-5-6, and was one of the original
signers of the Declaration of Independence. He
was three times elected Governor of Virginia.
Gen William Henry Harrison, the son of the

distinguished patriot of the Revolution, after a suc-
cessful career as a soldier during the War of 1812,
and with -a clean record as Governor of the North-
western Territory, was elected President of the
United States in 1840. His career was cut short
by de.ath within one month after his inauguration.
President Harrison was born at North Bend,
Hamilton Co., Ohio, Aug. 30, 1833. His life up to
the time of his graduation by the Miami University,
at Oxford, Ohio, was the uneventful one of a coun-
try lad of a family of small means. His father was
able to give him a good education, and nothing
more. He became engaged while at college to th3
daughter of Dr. Scott, Principal of a female school
at Oxford. After graduating he determined to en-
ter upon the study of the law. He went to Cin
cinnati and then read law for two years. At tht
expiration of that time young Harrison receivsid th';
only inheritance of his life; his aunt dying left him
a lot valued at $800. He regarded this legacy as a
fortune, and decided to get married at once, taks
this money and go to some Eastern town anZ be-
gin the practice of law. He sold his lot, and with
the money in his pocket, he started out wita his
young wife to fight for a place in the world. Re

BENJAMIN HARRISON.

decided to go to Indianapolis, 'which was even at
that time a town of promise. He met with slight
encouragement at first, making scarcely anything
the first year. He worked diligently, applying him-
self closely to his calling, built up an extensive
practice and took a leading rank in the legal pro-
I'ession. He is the father of two children.

In 1860 Mr. Harrison was nomiuated for the
position of Supreme Court Reporter, and then be-
gan his experience as a stump speaker. He can-
vassed the State thoroughly, and was elected by a
handsome majority. In 1862 he raised the 17th
Indiana Infantrj', and was chosen its Colonel. His
regiment was composed of the rawest of material,
but Col. Harrison employed all his time at first
mastering military tactics and drilling his men,
when he therefore came to move toward the East
with Sherman his regiment was one of the best
drilled and organized in the army. At Resaca he
especially distinguished himself, and for his braver}^
at Peachtree Creek he was made a Brigadier Gen-
eral, Gen. Hooker speaking of him in the most
complimentarj' terms.

During the absence of Gen. Harrison in the field
•he Supreme Court declared the office of the Su-
preme Court Reporter vacant, and another person
was elected to the position. From the time of leav-
ir-g Indiana with his regiment until the fall of 1864
he had taken no leave of absence, but having been
nominated that year for the same office, he got a
thirty-day leave of absence, and during that time
made a brilliant canvass of the State, and was elected
for another terra. He then started to rejoin Sher-
man, but on the way was stricken down with scarlet
iever, and after a most trying siege made his way
to the front in time to participate in the closing
incidents of the war.

In 1868 Gen. Harrison declined a re-election as
reporter, and resumed the practice of law. In 1876
£6 was a candidate for Governor. Although de-
feated, the brilliant campaign he made won for him
a National reputation, and he was much sought, es-
pecially in the East, to make speeches. In 1880,
as usual, he took an active part in the campaign,
and w:„': elected to the United States Senate. Here
ne served six years, and was known as one of the
ablest men, best lawyers and strongest debaters in

that body. "With the expiration of his Senatorial
term he returned to the practice of his profession,
becoming the head of one of the strongest firms in
the State.

The political campaign of 1888 was one of the
most memorable in the history of our country. The
convention which assembled in Chicago in June and
named Mr. Harrison as the chief standard bearer
of the Republican party, was great in every partic-
ular, and on this account, and, the attitude it as-
sumed upon the vital questions of the day, chief
among which was the tariff, awoke a deep interest
in the campaign throughout the Nation. Shortly
after the nomination delegations began to visit Mr.
Harrison at Indianapolis, his home. This move-
ment became popular, and from all sections of the
country societies, clubs and delegations journej^ed
thither to pay their respects to the distinguished
statesman. The popularity of these was greatly
increased on account of the remarkable speeches
made by Mr. Harrison. He spoke daily all through
the summer and autumn to these visiting delega-
tions, and so varied, masterly and eloquent were
his speeches that they at once placed him in the
foremost rank of American orators and statesmen.

On account of his eloquence as a speaker and his
power as a debater, he was called upon at an un-
commonlj^ early age to take part in the discussion
of the great questions that then began to agitate
tlie countr}-. He was an uncompromising anti
slavery man, and was matched against some of tlie
most eminent Democratic speakers of his State.
No man who felt the touch of his blade desired to
be pitted with him again. With all his eloquence
as an orator he never spoke for oratorical effect,
but his words alwaj's went like bullets to the mark
He is purely American in his ideas and is a splec
did t^-pe of the American statesman. Gifted witli
quick perception, a logical mind and a ready tongue,
he is one of the most distinguished impromptu
speakers in the Nation. Many of these speeches
sparkled with the rarest of eloquence and contained
arguments of greatest weight. Man}' of his terse
statements have alreadj' become aphorisms. Origi-
nal in thouglit, precise in logic, terse in statement,
yet withal faultless in eloquence, he is recognized as
the souiid statesman and brilliant orator of the day

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^=W^f'-«*tHKr*«:"¥'+-r4---«n^^^^

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••o«o-@y"v1j2)-o*o..

HAELES ROBINSON, the
first Governor of Kansas,
was elected under the Wy-
andotte Constitution, and
upon the admission of the
State, Jan. 29, 1861, was
inaugurated as Chief Ex-
No. better man could have
been selected to lay the foundations
of the State, for his mind was crea-
tive, original and vigorous. Rarely
working by copy, he belongs to the
class who think and originate, and
with whom precedence and text-books
have little authority. At this time a
great State was to be formed from most incongru-
ous elements. It required men of genius and orig-
inality to formulate laws and a constitution, and
to this work the vigor and ingenuity of Rob-
inson were peculiarly adapted. Men of all classes,
sorts and conditions, had rushed to this section
upon different objects bent — some to assist in build-
ing up a State, some to make money, to secure no-
toriety and political preferment, but more, perhaps,
as cosmopolitans, having little interest in its repu-
tation or its future.

That the work before Gov. Robinson was ac-
complished in a praiseworthy manner, a grateful
people readily acknowledge. In his course, which
necessarily was opposed to the rough and irrespon-
sible element, he made many enemies and was im-
peached by the House, but on his trial by the
Senate no evidence was adduced to connect him
with any illegal transaction, and a case of malicious

prosecution was clearly established, which left his
good name untarnished.

In reviewing the career of a prominent public
man, it cannot be called complete without the story
of his early life. Gov. Robinson was born at
Hardwick, Mass., July 21, 1818, and received a
good common-school and academic education, be-
sides two years' drill at Amherst College. His
father, Charles Robinson, was a pious and consci-
entious man, who cherished an inherent hatred of
slavery, and the latter quality of his father's char-
acter Charles inherited in a marked degree. Upon
religious subjects, however, he was always inde-
pendent and liberal, and is considered heterodox,
although for the great principles of Christianity,
which serve to improve society and make better
men and women, he has the highest regard.

There is but little which is ideal or sentimental
in the nature of Gov. Robinson, as his life has
been spent principally dealing with men upon prac-
tical principles. Before completing his studies he
was obliged to leave college on account of ill-
health, and his eyes failing him from hard study,
he walked forty miles to consult a celebrated phy-
sician. Dr. Twichel, of Keene, N. H., and there
became so sensibly impressed with both the quack-
eries of medicine as so often practiced, and the real
utility of the healing art as a science, that he deter-
mined to study medicine, and after a preparatory
course entered for a series of lectures at Wood-
stock, Vt., and Pittsfield, Mass., and from the
school of the latter he was graduated, receiving his
diploma with the high honors of the class. Subse-
quentlj' he became connected with the celebrated

112

CHARLES ROBINSON.

Dr. J. G. Holland in the management of a hospital.
In 1849 he started out as a phj'siciuu to a colony
bound overland to California. They arrived in
Kansas City April 10, and on the 10th of May fol-
lowing, left with ox and mule teams for the Pacific
Slope.

On the nth of May, thirty-nine yeai's ago, rid-
ing his horse at the head of a colony of gold-
seekers, Gov. Robinson ascended Mt. Oread, where
now stands the State Universitj' of Kansas, whose
Regent he has been for thirteen consecutive
years, as well as its faithful, intelligent and gener-
ous friend. In his note book at that time he wrote
that if the laud was opened to settlement and entry,
he would go no further, as there seemed to be gold
enough for all human wants in the rich soil of the
Kaw Valley, and beauty enough in the rolling prai-
ries beyond to meet all the aspirations of ordinarj'
men. He pushed on, however, to California, and
there followed a variety' of occupations, being mi-
ner, restauranteur, editor and member of the Leg-
islature. Then he returned to Massachusetts, and
in 1852 commenced the publication of the Fitch-
burg iVe^fs, which he conducted two years.

At the time of the repeal of the Missouri Com-
promise, and the intense excitement coincident
with the organization of the Territories of Kansas
and Nebraska, Gov. Robinson was sent out by
the New England Aid Society to Kansas, charged
with saving it to freedom. In the darkest hours of
that long struggle, as well as in its hour of victory,
he seemed to be the one safe counselor and leader
of the Free-State forces. His California experience
bad rounded and ripened a robust nature, and the
perils that the hero of the squatter troubles had
passed through in that strange combination of craft
and cunning, fitted and schooled him for his Kan-
sas work. In the "Wakarusa War," when the city
of Lawrence, only 600 strong, was besieged bj' an
opposing force of 1,200, Dr. Robinson, as he was
called in those days, was chosen Major General of
the Free-State party. He constructed forts and
rifle-pits which did their service, but as a negotiator
and diplomat he excelled. He wanted Kansas to
be lawfully free, and felt justified in availing him-
self of any agency which would assist him in ac-
complishing this. Althougli the recognized leader

of tlie Free-State forces, it was not Robinson, but
Lane, that the Quantrell ruffians sought when they
massacred in cold blood 180 of the inoffensive citi-
zens of Lawrence.

In 1855 the Free-State men had been driven
from the poUs. Robinson was among the first to
repudiate the authority of the bogus laws, and was
unanimouslj' chosen a delegate to the convention
which met at Topeka to formulate a State govern-
ment. From May, 1856, until September, he was a
prisoner at Locompton, charged with treason. Af-
ter serving his term as the first Governor of the
State, he was, in 1872, chosen a member of the
Lower House of the Legislature, and in 1874
elected State Senator and re-elected in 1876. At
the last election he came within forty-three votes
of beating his opponent for the State Senate, and
where the party majority of the latter was about
1,500.

Gov. Robinson has been twice married. By
his first wife, Miss Sarah Adams, daughter of
a highly respected Massachusetts farmer, two chil-
dren were born and both died in infancy. The
mother died in 1846. On the 30th of October,
1851, he was married to Miss Sarah D. T. Law-
rence, daughter of a distinguished Massachusetts
law3'er, and connected with the celebrated Law-
rence family of that State. Of this union there
are no children. Mrs. Robinson is a lady of
high literary culture, and has written one of the
best of the many books which have been published
on Kansas. Though highly accomplished, she is
not much of a societj^ woman, being content to
dwell quietly at home on their farm, which lies
five miles out from Lawrence, and is the resort
of many friends, who meet a refined and elegant
liospitalitj'.

In 1856 Gov. Robinson pre-empted a portion
of the land which, upon his journey to Califor-
nia, he had viewed with so much admiration. lie
now has one of the finest homes in his section
of countrj', where he resides in affiuent circum-
stances, busying himself in looking after his farm,
esteemed by his neighbors, and amply honored by
the great State, in laying the firm foundations of
which he rendered such efficient service over a
quarter of a century ago.

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^HOMAS CARNEY, the sec-
ond Governor of Kansas,
was born in Delaware Coun-
ty, Ohio, Aug. 20, 1824.
His ancestry was a mixed
one, composed of Irish and
German. His father, James
Carney, was of Irish descent, be-
ing the grandson of one of the
same name, who came to this
country and assisted the Colonies
in the war with Great Britain.
His mother was remotely of Ger-
man descent, and like his father
was born in Pennsylvania. Thej'
removed to Ohio the j'ear before
the birth of Gov. Carney. They
were Presbyterians, in which faith Mr. C. was reared.
The portion of Ohio in which Mr. Carney was
born was then a wilderness, and the family engaged
in farming, the land having to be cleared first. The
father died when the lad was but four years old, leav-
ing the mother with four children, the eldest being
only six years of age, the early life of young Carney
therefore was spent in work of the hardest kind,
from the moment he was old enough to be of any
assistance. From the age of seven to eighteen he
worked on the farm belonging to the family, and
then started for himself as a farm hand for six
months, at $10 a month. From the time he was
eleven years of age until he left home, he was the
teamster of the family, and carried the products of
the farm to Newark, thirty-six miles, his motive
power being a yoke of oxen for most of the time.
He attended school some during the winter

months, and after he was eighteen went to school
in Berkshire, Ohio, for six months. After this he
commenced a long, persistent and weary search for
employment in a store, and was finally successful
in Columbus, where he remained in the employ of
a retail dry-goods house for two years, and then took
service with a wholesale dry-goods establishment in
Cincinnati. He obtained, while in the retail house,
$50 a year and his board for the first year's serv-
ice, and for the second year $100. At the end
of this period he was given a quarter interest in
the firm, with his name at the head of it. A rise
of so great rapidity is unprecedented. He resided
in Cincinnati twelve years.

Mr. Carney's health became impaired by his de-
votion to business, and in 1857 he visited the West,
and commenced business in Leavenworth in the
spring of 1858. In 1861 he was elected to the
State Legislature, and in 1862 was elected Gov-
ernor. He entered on his duties the 1st of Janu-
ary, 1863, at a time when Kansas affairs were in
a most critical condition.

In 1864 he was elected to the United States Sen-
ate, but as there was some doubt as to whether or
not the time at which the election was held was
the proper one, he declined the position. He was
soon after elected Mayor of Leavenworth, and was
re-elected. Since that period, 1866, he has occupied
himself wholly with his private business.

The earlier struggles of the future Governor
were arduous and severe, but probably had their
effect in strengthening him for the career for whicii
he was destined. When he took possession of the
gubernatorial office, in January, 1863, he found the
State of Kansas but Utile better than a political and

116

THOMAS CARNF.r

financial wreck. A local writer referring to that
period says, that the "State was in peril at almost
every point, and its settled portions were one ex-
tended camp. A rebel force hovered on its eastern
and southern borders, while Indians were murdering
and scalping in the west. Nothing short of a con-
stant vigilance could prevent the rebel enemy
invading the State and butchering the people."

An appeal was made to the military authorities
for assistance and to Gov. Carney for protection.
It was at a time when the General Government was
too busy with the Rebellion to give close attention
to matters in a new and remote State, and hence
the Governor was obliged to depend on his own
resources. He was equal to the emergency. The
State had no money, no men, no arms, no ammuni-
tion, with which to protect itself, but even this did
not discourage him. He visited the menaced re-
gions, and soon satisfied himself that something had
to be done, or the State would be overwhelmed by
the perils which threatened it. In the counties
which were more particularly threatened, the popu-
lation became uneasy, and removals were being
made to places of safety by so many of the resi-
dents that there loomed up a probability that the
entire region would become a desert.

After looking over the ground. Gov. Carney de-
termined to raise a force of 150 men from citizens
of the menaced region, and to employ them as a
patrol along the border, so that no hostile move-
ment could be made without detection, and the
people could be warned of danger in time to rail}-
at the necessary points for defense, all being armed
and organized into military organizations. This
patrol was hired by the Governor for the public
defense out of his private means. He agreed to
pay 81 a day each, for man and horse, the United
States Government furnishing the rations. He put
this force in the field, and kept it in active opera-
tion, at a cost to himself of over $10,000. At the
same time he was a Captain in the home guards,
and many a night was on guard like the private
soldier.

The little patrol put in the field by the Governor
preserved the borders from invasion so long as it
lasted, which was some three months. At a later
period the Governor was notified by the com-
mander of the Federal forces that he was able to
care for the safety of the State, and thereupon the
patrol was abolished. Almost immediateh' after it
was disbanded Quantrell made his raid into Kansas,
and Lawrence was attacked, burned, and its resi-
dents massacred. Concerning this feature of the
transaction the Governor says: "While this patrol
was on the border the arrangements were such that
the different members could speak with each other

every hour, and thus be in a position to almost in-
stantly communicate with the residents in case of
invasion. When the Government notified me that
it could take care of the border I disbanded the
patrol, and within three da)'S Lawrence was in ashes
and 180 people were foully murdered. The mili-
tary was scattered in squads over a distance of
twenty-five miles along the border, and when Quan-
trell moved into Kansas he had no difficulty in
marching between the Federal divisions. The march
of Quantrell was entirelj' unknown and wholly un-
expected. Not a living soul knew that he was in
the State when he arrived before Lawrence. A
man living on the route taken by the guerrillas saw
them, and mounted a horse and undertook to carry
the information to Lawrence. His horse fell and
the rider's neck was broken, and thus the sole wit-
ness of the invasion was silenced."

It will show the benevolent disposition of the
Governor to state that from his own pocket he gave
$500 to the widow of the man who undertook to
carry the warning of danger to Lawrence.

The entire official career of Gov. Carney was of
the stormiest and most perplexing character, and it is
certain that, with an official head less clear and
efficient, the embarrassments and perplexities of
Kansas would have proved insoluble. Cool, self-
possessed, firm, intelligent, he guided the State
through the storms, breakers, whirlpools and rocks,
which were encountered, and finally reached the
harbor, with the vessel much battered but sound in
frame and in all essential particulars.

The following is a copy of a resolution passed by
the Kansas Legislature after his term of office had
expired :

"Resolved by the House of Representatives of
the State of Kansas, that the thanks of this House
and the people of tlie State of Kansas are justly
due to Hon. Thomas Carney, late Governor of the
State of Kansas, for the honest, faithful and im-
partial manner in which he discharged his executive
duties."

Gov. Carney is possessed of ample wealth, which
he uses to the best advantage. His wife was Re-
becca Canady, of Kenton, Ohio, who has devoted
much of her time for a number of years in caring
for the orphaned children of the State. His chil-
dren ave four in number, all boys.

No man in Kansas is more honored and re-
spected than he, and no man has done more, either
in a public or private way, for the advancement of
the State and its institutions. Its railroads, bridges,
churches, school-houses, and its citizens needing
assistance, all bear witness to his liberality and
bounty.

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>' AMUEL J. CRAWFORD, the
third Governor of the State of
Kansas, was born in Lawrence
County, Ind., April 10, 1835.
His ancestors were Scotch-
Irish, who emigrated to Amer-
ica at an early period in Col-
onial days. His paternal grandfather
served in the war of the Revolution
as a soldier from the State of North
Carolina, and his maternal grand-
father was a planter in the same State.
His father, William Crawford, emi-
grated, in 1815, to the then Territory
of Indiana, and located in Lawrence
County, where he became a success-
ful farmer. Although l)orn, reared
and educated in a slave State, the elder Crawford
had imbibed unconquerable prejudice to the insti-
tution of slavery, and as a consequence turned his
baclv upon friends and kindred and sought a home
in the Northwest Territory, in which slavery and
involuntary servitude had been forever inhibited.
The subject of this sketch was reared upon his
father's farm, and received a common-school and
academic education. At the age of twenty-one he
became a student at law in the office of the Hon. S.
W. Short, of Bedford, Ind., pursuing his studies
until the fall of 1«57, when he entered the Law
College at Cincinnati, from which institution he
was graduated in 1 M58.

In March, 1 859, he bade adieu to home and friends,
proceeded to th^ Territory of Kansas, and located
in Garnett, the countj' seat of Anderson County.
Here he practiced his profession of the law, and was
elected a member of the first .State Legislature,
which convened at Topeka, March 27, 1861.

The attack upon Ft. Sumter, following swiftly
after the Montgomery Secession Convention, the
failure of the Peace Conference, the Proclamation
of Jefferson Davis calling for 100,000 men, and

the seizure of Government property by Fl^vd
and Twiggs, without protest from tlie Executive,
thrilled loyal Kansas to the very core. President
Lincoln made his first call for 75,000 volunteers in
April, 1861. Responding to this call, Mr. Craw-
ford resigned his seat in the Legislature, returned
home, recruited a company, was chosen its Captain,
assigned to the 2d Kansas Infantry, and mustered
into the United States service. He served with the
regiment, participating under the gallant Gen.
Lyon in the battle of Wilson's Creek and various
other battles of the Missouri Campaign fought
during the summer and fall of 1861. In the winter
of 1861-62, the regiment was re-organized, and
became the 2d Kansas Cavalry. Capt. Crawford
was assigned to the corhmand of Company' A, and
soon thereafter promoted to the command of a
battalion. He participated with his regiment in the
battles of Newtonia, Old Ft. Wayne, Cane Hill,
Prairie Grove, Van Buren, and various other en-
gagements fought by Gen. Blunt during the Trans-
Mississippi campaign of 1862.

It was in these engagements that Capt Crawford
developed extraordinary ability as a cavalry leader.
At tlie battle of Old Ft. Wa3'ne he charged the
enemy's lines and captured a battery under circum-
stances which almost forbade the venture, and for
which achievement he was complimented in General
Orders. At the battles of Cane Hill and Prairie
Grove he acquitted himself with great credit, and
was again complimented by the commanding Gen-
eral. In March, 1863, although holding the rank
of Captain, he was assigned to the command of the
2d Kansas Cavalry, and led the regiment in the
campaign of that year through the Indian Territory
and Western Arkansas, which resulted in the battles
of Perryville, McAllister and the Backbone Mount-
ain, and the capture of Ft. Smith bj' the Federal
arms. The 2d Kansas Cavalry covered itself with
glory in these memorable campaigns.

In October, 1863, Capt. Crawford was promoted
to be Colonel of the 83d United States Infantry,
and with his regiment accompanied Gen. Steele on
the Shreveport, La., expedition, which moved
southward, in March, 1864, from Ft. Smith and

120

SAMUEL J. CRAWFORD.

Little Rock to co-operate with Gen. Banks in his
Red River campaign, participating in the battles
of Prairie De Hand and Saline River. At the latter
affair Col. Crawford charged and captured a battery,
which his men brought off the field by hand, all the
artillery horses having been killed or disabled.
This battle resulted in a complete victory for the
Union forces, to which consummation Col. Craw-
ford's regiment largely contributed. After this
battle he returned with the 7 th Corps to Little
Rock, and thence, with the Kansas Division, under
the command of Gen. Thayer, to Ft. Smith, Ark.
In Julj', 1864, Col. Crawford commanded an expe-
dition into the Choctaw Nation in pursuit of the
rebel General, Standweighty, whom he routed.

September 8, 1864, while still in the field. Col.
Crawford was nominated as the Republican candi-
date for Governor of Kansas. Obtaining leave of
absence, he bade adieu to the gallant army with
which he had served so long, and on the 9th of
October returned to Kansas. <Upon arriving at Ft.
Scott be learned that a heavy body of the enemy,
under Gen. Price, was moving westward through
Central Missouri, with the design of laying Kansas
in waste. He hastened to Kansas City, arriving
October 17, reported to Gen. Curtis, commanding
the Federal forces there concentrating to resist Gen.
Price, and was assigned to duty as a volunteer aid
on his staff. A few days subsequently the battles
of the Blue, Westportand Mine Creek were fought,
and at the latter engagement Col. Crawford ordered
and participated in a charge with two brigades of
cavalry, which resulted in the capture of the Con-
federate Generals, Marmaduke and Cabell, 500
prisoners and eight pieces of artillery. This battle
closed his military career in the war for the sup-
pression of the Rebellion, and on April 13, 186.5, he
was promoted by the President of the United States
to the rank of Brigadier General by brevet, for
meritorious services in the field.

On the 7th of November, 1864, Col. Crawford
was elected Governor of the State of Kansas, and
in 1866 was re-chosen for a second term. During
his holding of the gubernatorial ofBce,he re-organ-
ized and consolidated the Kansas Volunteer Regi-
ments, and secured the enactment of new laws,
under which the State Militia was placed on war
footing for the protection of the people against
rebel invasions and Indian incursions. He devoted
much of his time to the establislunent and main-
tenance of the various State institutions, an<l on
retiring from office he left the Deaf Mute, Blind and
Insane Asylums, the .State Universitj', the Agricult-
ural College and State Normal School, in success-
ful operation. He also gave considerable attention
to the preparation and dissemination of pamphlet

literature respecting the advantages of bis State,
with the viev/ of encouraging emigration thereto.

During the memorable years of 1867 and 1868,
hostile bands of Indians hovered on the borders of
Kansas, driving back the settlers, checking the con-
struction of the railroads and threatening to cut off
communication between Kansas and the Western
States and Territories. For two years an Indian
war of savage barbarity was carried on. Many
settlers were killed, scalped, and their bodies mutil-
ated. Large amounts of property were captured
and destroyed. Women and even children were
outraged, and others carried into captivity to suffer
a fate worse than a thousand deaths.

The Federal forces stationed on the border and
the State troops furnished by Gov. Crawford were
inadequate for the protection of the people. The
Indians followed their custom of making war dur-
ing the summer months, and then retreating to their
homes in the Indian Territory to be fed, clothed
and nurtured by the Government in winter. Finally,
in August, 1868, the settlements of North-.vest
Kansas were raided by these Indians, who killed
and wounded some forty persons, carried women
into captivity, and also committed other atrocities.

As soon as the terrible details of this last mas-
sacre reached the ears of Gov. Crawford, he pro-
ceeded at once to the scene of disaster, saw that the
dead were properly buried and the wounded cared
for, returned to Topeka, organized a regiment of
cavalry, resigned the office of Governor, and with
his regiment accompanied Gen. Sheridan on bis his-
toric campaign into the interior of the wild country
bordering on Texas, where the hostile tribes had
always felt secure from punishment during the win-
ter season. These Indians were attacked and cap-
tured in the Washita Valle}', in December, 1868,
and several of their chiefs held as hostages until the
captive white women were delivered up.

Gov. Crawford returned home after the close of
this campaign and has since been successfullj^ en-
gaged in the practice of his profession. Nov. 27,
1866, he was married to Miss Isabel M. Chase,
an estimable and accomplished lady, of Topeka,
where they now reside, and the union has been
blessed by two children, daughter and son. Gov.
Crawford is possessed of an imposing presence, his
height being six feet two inches, with the accom-
paniment of a Herculean frame, symmetrically
proportioned, and a pair of shoulders Atlas might
fairly envy. His manners are the very essence of
courtesy and gentleness, and altogether he presents a
marked type of the energetic, patriotic and sturdy
sons of the great West — suaviier in modo, fortiter
in re — with whom the high sense of duty stands first
and foremost in every relation of life.

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EHEMIAH GREEN, fourth
Governor of the .State of
Kansas, possesses a his-
tory eminently worthy of
^5^ record, as that of a man
^^_q who has distinguished him-
'^ self in many positions of
tuist and responsibility, and in all
acquitted himself creditably, both
in private and public life. A na-
tive of Hardin County, Ohio, he
was born March 8, 1837, and after
a course of preliminary study en-
teied the Ohio "VVesleyan Univers-
ity, and subsequently taught school
for a number of years in Logan and
Champaign Counties, that State.
Our subject when a 3-outh of eighteen years came,
in March, 1855, to Kansas, and took up a claim in
Douglas County. The countiy at that time was
inhabited mostly by Indians and coyotes, the earli-
est white settler having arrived only a few months
before. Young Green, studious and ambitious
beyond his years, in 1857 was admitted to the bar,
and practiced until 1859, but finding lawyers more
numerous than clients, and that the Free-State men
were no longer in danger of being overpowered by

the border ruffians, he returned to Ohio, and en-
tered the ministry, becoming a member of the Cin-
cinnati Methodist Episcopal Conference. He was
stationed at Aberdeen and Williamsburg, until the
first call by President Lincoln for troops to quell
the Rebellion.

In 1862 Mr. Green enlisted in the 89th Ohio
Infantry as a private, and suljsequently became
Lieutenant of Company B, and served under Gen.
Cox in West Virginia during the celebrated cam-
paign which brought Gen. McClellan so promi-
nently before the nation, and in which it will be
remembered this regiment distinguished itself. The
89th was subsequently transferred to the Array of
the Cumberland under Gen. Sherman, and Lieut.
Green marched at the head of his company, going
all through the Atlanta campaign, and endearing
himself to his comrades by his kindly solicitude for
their welfare, and the practical sympathy which in-
duced him to literall}' bear their burdens, namely,
their knapsacks, until he too was overcome by the
heat, and fell by the way bleeding at the lungs.
From this he did not rapidly recover, indeed, was
not expected to live for a time, and was finally
compelled to resign his position, and seek the care
and quiet of home.

Lieut. Green returned to Kansas in 18G5, and

1-24

NEHEMIAH GREEN.

resuming his ministerial duties, was stationed at
Manliattau two years. The year following he was
elected Lieutenant Governor, and upon the resigna-
tion of Gov. Crawford, Nov. 4, 1868, succeeded
to the executive chair for the remainder of tlie
term. In the meantime he did not lose his interest
in the church, and was appointed Presiding Elder
of the Manhattan District, but on account of the
ill-health of his wife retired to his farm until 1873,
when he again entered the conference. His own
health, however, never fully restored since his ex-
perience in the army, obliged him to abandon the
ministry, with the exception of preaching occasion-
ally at church dedications, and upon other occasions
where benevolent work was most needed.

In November, 1880, Mr. Green was prevailed
upon by his neighbors to allow them to use his
name as a candidate for the Legislature, and being
elected served faithfully his term, and in 1881-82
was Speaker pro tern. When relieved of his public
duties he turned to the pursuits of agriculture, to
which he has since given his attention.

Mr. Green owns one of the finest farms on MUl
Creek, and which comprises 840 acres of land, the
greater part under a high state of cultivation.
Upon it there is an abundance of timber and water,
and all the other facilities for carrying on farming
and stock-raising after the most approved methods.
In the feeding of cattle he has introduced the
methods which have given them the precedence,
and his were the first Riley County animals known
to have been bought in the Kansas City market for
shipment to England.

The first wife of our subject, and to whom he
was married in 1860, was Miss Ida LelHngwell, of
Williamsburg, Ohio, and who died in 1870, leaving
three children — Glenzen S., Effie and Alice. In
1873 Mr. Green contracted a second marriage, with

Miss Marj' Sturdcvant, of Rushvillo, N. Y., by
whom he has two children — Burtis U. and Ned M.
He has two brothers in Kansas : Lewis F. Green,
of Douglas County, who was the coalition candi-
date for Congress in the Second District last fall;
and George S. Green, of Manhattan, of the firm of
Green & Hessin, attorn eys-at-law, and who is now
representing the southern part of Riley Countj^ in
the Legislature.

In his private character Gov. Green is thoroughly
upright, conscientious as a minister, progressive
and patriotic as a citizen, and as an orator has no
superior in this State, and but few in the country.
He is thoroughly posted on political questions, and
with his irresistible wit and humor invariably holds
the attention of an audience, while his clear and
earnest style seldom fails to convince. Among the
men of his county none are more popular tha.. he
who is familiarly called " the Governor."

The career of Gov. Green as a pioneer citizen
has been one eminently worthy and useful to the
communitj' in which he has resided, and his neigh-
bors and old friends unitedly bear testimony to his
sterling worth and his valuable services both to the
church and State. He was well calculated b^'
nature to aid in the building up of a new countrj',
possessing the judgment and forethought necessary
to determine what was to be done, and the manner
and time in which it should be accomplished. In
building up one of the finest estates in this region
he has contributed largely to its standing and repu-
tation, and his industry has been an incentive to
others about him. The result thus produced is a
highly intelligent and progressive community,
which was not slow to take advantage of leader-
ship, especially when the leader possessed noblest
principles of character and sound judgment

^.J^^^iyUCCd tA . <//~-Cl^

AMES M. HARVEY, fifth Gov-
ernor of the State of Kansas, and a
Virginian by birth, is a native
of Monroe County, and was born
Sept. 21, 1833. His parents,
Thomas and Margaret ("Walker)
Harvey, were also natives of the
Old Dominion, but removed
from that State when their son
.James M. was quite young.
He acquired his education in the
public and select schools of In-
diana, Illinois and Iowa, and
following his tastes and talents,
became a finished practical sur-
veyor and civil engineer. Mr.
Harvey, in the 5'ear 1859, just before Kansas was
freed from Territorial enthrallment, and when she
was struggling to become one of the sisterhood of
States, removed hither, settling in Riley County.
He at once became warmly interested in the affairs
of this section of couutrj', and distinguished him-
self for his ability, intelligence and enthusiastic sup-
port of the measure which was to make the Territory
a full member of the American Union. The pur-
suit of agriculture at that time offered a more ample
income than his profession, and in this he at once
engaged, but the seclusion of the farm did not con-
ceal his eminent ability and his talents from the
public, and he was a prominent factor in the affairs
of Kansas for a period of nearly thirty years.
It was not long after his arrival here until the

Civil War was precipitated upon the country, and
James M. Harvey enlisted as a soldier of the Union
army, and was soon given a Captain's commission
in the 4th and 10th Regiments, which were consoli-
dated. He served with honor in the campaign in
which his command took part, and was mustered out
in 1864. The following year, and also in 1866, he
was elected to represent his county in the Kansas
Legislature, where he displayed such power as to
attract the leading men of the commonwealth, and
in which he gave unmistakable indications of the
distinction he would achieve in the future. After
serving his terms creditably as a member of the
House, he was, in 1867-71, a member of the Senate,
and in the latter year was elected Governor.

The duties of these various offices Mr. Harvey
discharged with that fidelity and ability which en-
titled him to still higher distinction, and accordingly
on the assembling of the State Leglature, in 1874,
he was elected to fill the vacancy occasioned by the
resignation of Alexander Caldwell, United States
Senator. This vacancy had been temporarily filled
by the appointment of Robert Crozier, but the
Legislature promptly recognized the claims of Mr.
Harvey, and gave him the merited compliment of
his regular election to that position. He took his
seat on the 12th of February, and in this, as in all
other places which he was called upon to fill, dis-
charged his duties with great credit to himself and
honor to his State until the 4th of March, 1877, at
which time his term expired.

128

JAMES M. HARVEY.

During Mr. Harvey's incumbency of the Gov-
ernor's office much important work was done b}' the
Legislature, including the issuance of bonds for
the military expenses of the Indian War, and pro-
viding a military contingent fund for the protection
of the frontier of the State against Indian depreda-
tions — these two objects calling for $275,000; and
also the further issuance of bonds to aid in com-
pleting the west wing of the State Capitol, $70,000 ;
to defray the expenses of raising the 19th Regiment,
§14,000; and $1,.500 was appropriated to buy seed
wheat for destitute farmers on the frontier. Dur-
ing that term also the east wing of the new eapitol at
Topeka was so far completed that on December 25
they were occupied by the State officers. At that
date there had been expended on the wing com-
pleted and on the west wing, on which work was
still progressing, the sum of 1417,588.29. At the
annual election, which occurred Nov. 8, 1870,
Gov. Harvey received over 19,000 majority over
his Democratic opponent. For United States Sena-
tor, to serve the unexpired term of Caldwell, tlie
balloting commenced January 27, and was continued
four daj's, no candidate receiving the required
seventy votes necessary to a choice. On the 2d of
February, Mr. Harvey was elected on a joint vote
of seventy-six as against fift3'-eight thrown for all
other candidates.

During the twelfth session of the Kansas Legis-
lature, James M. Harvey, Governor, thirty-eight
laws were passed. Amo.ig them were bills authoriz-
ing or legalizing the issuance of municipal bonds ; the
State Board of Agriculture was created ; $3,000 was
appropriated for the relief of Western settlers, and
$2,500 for the Freedman's University of Quindaro;
the boundaries of Kingman and Harvey Counties
were defined, the latter named in honor of James
M. ; two new judicial districts were created, the
Thirteenth and Fourteenth: the salaries of State
officers and Judges of the Supreme Courts and
Districts Courts were increased ; and an act passed
providing for the sale of Normal School lands;
Commissioners were also appointed to provide for
the settlement of losses by Indian depredations
between 1860 and 1871.

Gov. Harvey upon retiring from public life re-
turned to his farm at Vinton, Riley County, where

he resided for a time, and then returned to the
vicinity of his old home in Virginia, and is now
living in Richmond. On the 4th of October, 1854, he
was united in marriage with Miss Charlotte Cutter,
of Adams County, 111., and of this union there
were born six children, four daughters and two
sons, namely : Clara, Emma, Lillian, jMartha, James
N. and John A.

The assuring smile of peace fell upon Kansas for
the first time in her existence when the war of the
Rebellion ended, and about the time Mr. Harvey,
after serving valiantljr in the ranks of the Union
army, returned to Riley County, and was called
upon to assist in the further great work which lay
before both legislators and people. It was a time
demanding the best efforts of its wisest men, and
Mr. Harvey in his sphere was equal to the emer-
gency, and to the perplexing duties devolving upon
him as Legislator, Senator and Governor. Twelve
years of turmoil and strife had trained the inhabitants
to know no rest save in motion, and no safety ex-
cept in incessant vigilance. Under this discipline
their character had become as peculiar as the expe-
riences through which they had passed. A rest-
less energy was the controlling element, and the life
of ease and peace was one so foreign to their ex-
perience as to strike them as almost unnatural.
The}^ however, under the fortunate rule of a wise
executive, turned to the pursuit of the peaceful arts
and conquered the right to the free soil they now
tread. Mines were opened, railroads built, hus-
bandry and manufactures brought wealth and plenty,
and peace and prosperity reigned.

Along with the happy state of affairs just above
mentioned, there were also built up the indispensa-
ble* adjuncts of churches, schools and charitable
institutions, together with happy homes, villages
and cities, and all else which marks the develop-
ment of a civilized and free people. Every man
who at that critical period performed his dutj- de-
serves to be perpetuated in history. Among these
James M. Harvey was likewise equal to the emer-
gency, and is amply entitled to have his name en-
rolled among the patriots of that period, who labored
efficiently in bringing about the future prosperity
of the commonwealth which now occupies a proud
position among the States west of the Mississippi.

/^UJX-y,^^ c^

SrrOMAS A. OSBORN, one
of the most popular and
distinguished gentlemen
who ever served the State
of Kansas as her Executive,
is to-day an honored citi-
zen of that great common-
wealth and a resident of her capital
city. He was chosen to this high
position at a critical time in the
history of the State. While it
is true that no commonwealth in
our glorious galaxy of States hns
been so sorelj' tried or passed
through so many and such severe
ordeals, there have been some peri-
ods of greater trials than others.
One crisis after another has come upon this people,
but there was alvvaj'^s a firm and wise hand ready
and able to guide the ship of State through the
storm and over the shoals. Kansas found in the
person of Mr. Osborn a safe leader, a patriot and a
statesman. From thg year 1872 to 1877 was an
important period in the history of Kansas, and during
this time Thomas A. Osborn stood at the head of
its affairs. Manj' vital questions were forced upon
the Executive during these eventful years, and the
record he made then will ever endear him to tlie
hearts of the people of the State he so efficiently
served. When tried he was not found wanting,
but demonstrated that he possessed a sound judg-
ment, a keen foresight, and an unfaltering devotion
to the well-being and prosperity of the State. Though
a stanch Republican as a citizen, as a Governor he
was lion partisan, and worked impartially to the bet-
terment and welfare of the whole people. Not only

has he been a valued citizen of the State because
he so ably filled the Gubernatorial Chair for two
terms, but because for over a quarter of a century
he has stood in the front rank of her most progres-
sive and patriotic citizens, aiding in every laudable
enterprise having for its object the public good.

Thomas A. Osborn was born nearly fifty-two
years ago, at Meadville, Pa., Oct. 26, 1836. He
attended the common schools of his neighborhood
during his boyhood, and at the age of fifteen com-
menced life as a printer by carrying the newspapers
of the office. Here he served a full apprenticeship,
and in the meantime pursued the course of study
which had been interrupted by the necessity of
making his own living. By his labors at the case
he was enabled in due time to earn enough money
to pay his way through Allegheny College, and in
1 856 he commenced the study of law in the office
of Judge Derrrickson, of his native town. The
year following he came to Michigan, and was soon
afterward admitted to the bar. In November,
1857, he migrated to Kansas, and began his career
in the Territory at Lawrence, as a compositor in the
office of the Herald of Freedom. Such was his
fidelity to duty, and his industry and efficiency,
that he was soon promoted to the position of foreman,
and in M.arch, 1858, the editor of the paper, after
a two- weeks absence, expressed his thanks "to his
worthy foreman, T. A. Osborn, Esq., for the very
satisfactory manner in which he has conducted its
columns."

Before Mr. Osborn was twenty-two years old he
commenced the practice of law at Elwood, Doni-
phan County, and soon acquired a fine reputation
in his chosen profession. Politically, he was a strong

132

THOMAS A. OSBORN.

Republican and Free-State man, and in 1859 was
elected Senator from Doniphan Countj^ to the first
State Legislature, taking his seat in 1861, when
twenty-five years old. The year following he was
chosen Piesident pro tern of the Senate during the
absence of the Lieutenant Governor, and during
the impeachment trial of Gov. Robinson and others.
His next promotion was his election to the office of
Lieutenant Governor over his competitor, Hon. J. J.
Ingalls.

In 1864 Mr. Osborn received the appointment of
United States Marshal in Kansas, by President
Lincoln, and occupied the position until 18C7, re-
siding during and after his term of office at Leaven-
worth. In the fall of 1872 he accepted from the
hands of his party the nomination for Governor of
Kansas. The convention assembled atTopeka, and
their candidate was elected by a m.ajority of 34,000.
He was dtily inaugurated in January, 1873, and
served with so great ability and rendered such sat-
isfaction that he was again chosen at the State Con-
vention of his party for a second term. The fol-
lowing November he was duly elected, and served
another two years.

It is proper in this connection to give a resume
of some of the occurrences in Kansas at the time
Gov. Osborn occupied the position of State Execu-
tive. In May, 1874, during his second year as
Governor, the Indians on the southwestern frontier
commenced depredations upon the settlers in Bar-
bour County, which were confined for a time to the
stealing of their cattle and horses. In an attempt
to recover some of the plunder, a detachment of
United States Cavalry fatally wounded a son of
Little Robe, a chief of the Cheyennes. This in-
cited the Indians to open outrages, and in June five
murders were committed. These outrages alarmed
the entire southwestern border, and action was at once
taken to place the more exposed points in as good
a condition of defense as was possible. Companies
were organized and armed in readiness for an emer-
gency, and stockades were constructed by the set-
tlers at Medicine Lodge, Kiowa, Sun City, and at
points midway between the two latter places. Not-
withstanding these precautions, hundreds of people
deserted their homes and sought protection in the
larger towns. In July other murders were com-
mitted, and suspicion pointed strongly to the Osage
Indians. Early in August a party of these, twenty-
five in number, appeared near the town of Kiowa,
claiming to be out on a buffalo hunt, and upon be-
ing ordered to return to their reservation they re-
fused to do so. This was communicated to Capt.
Ricker, who was in command of a companj' of
mounted militia, and who in setting out to find
them, overtook them about fifteen miles northeast

of Medicine Lodge. In the skirmish which ensued
four Indians were killed. The savages now grew
more bold and decided in their onslaught upon the
white settlers, and by the Xst of September they
had slain sixteen citizens, six of whom were resi-
dents of Lawrence and peaceably engaged in sur-
veying public lands forty miles south and twenty
miles west of Dodge City. Gov. Osborn was com-
pelled to keep the volunteer militia companies on
the border in active service until nearly the close
of 1874, and between those who urged extreme
measures and those who, more timid, advised a pol-
icy of extreme forbearance, he was in a position re-
quiring gTeat ingenuity and temperance of action.
Few men in his position could have done better,
and more would probably have failed in assisting to
bring all these troubles to a peaceable conclusion.

After leaving the Gubei'natorial Chair in 1877,
JMr. Osborn was appointed by President Hayes,
United States Minister to Chili. In this position he
remained for four j'ears, when be was tendered by
President Garfield the position of Minister to the
Empire of Brazil. This he accepted, and remained
near the court of Don Pedro until the administra-
tion of President Cleveland came into power.

Mr. Osborn's record as a foreign Minister was
not only highly creditable to our own Nation, but
doubly so to him as an official and a citizen of the
great peace-loving Republic of America. While in
Chili he was quite active in trying to bring to an
end the bloody war in which that country was en-
gaged with Peru and Bolivia, and in 1880 presided
over a conference of representatives of the bellig-
erent power on board the American man-of-war
"Lackawanna" in the bay of Arica, which had in
view that object. He also interested himself in
bringing to a peaceful conclusion the long-pending
boundary dispute between Chili and the Argentine
Republic. For his valued and able services in this
connection he received the thanks of both nations.

Since Gov. Osborn's return to the United States
ho has occupied himself in various enterprises, and
while not entirely eschewing polities, has made
known his desire to be excused from filling further
official positions. He stood at the bend of the Kansas
delegation to the National Republican Convention in
1888, and in that august assembly was a prominent
figure. He is a man whose opinions are universally
held in respect, and one who has no unimportant
influence in the councils of his party. His early
life and training served to build up within him that
patience and self-reliance, and that perseverance in
behalf of a worthy principle, which has been the
secret of his standing among his fellowmen, and
distinguished him as a man of more than ordinary
ability', and one eminently to be trusted.

e^rjg'tgi't^t'^t-^^ia.i^ s^ v^v-,. '.i&^i^c^t^i^'^fg^'i.V'i^; ,'^^

LORGE T. ANTHONY,

the seventh Governor of
the State of Kansas, came
of an excellent family of the
I mpire State, who were or-
thodox Quakers religiously',
and who in point of the ele-
ments which go to make up the bone
and sinew of the social fabric, pos-
seted all the characteristics of that pe-
^^A^v' tulni people. He was born in May-
" " "" " field, Fulton Co., N. Y., June 9, 1824,
and spent his boyhood and youth on a
farm, acquiring his education mostly
in the winter season, and making him-
self useful at agricultural pursuits in summer.
About the age of nineteen he commenced learning
the tin and copper smith's trade at Union Springs,
Cayuga County, which he followed as a journej'-
man five years, then repaired to Ballston Spa, and
clerked in a hardware store until his removal to
Medina, in 1850.

In the town above mentioned Mr. Anthony found

his future wife. Miss Rose A. Lyons, to whom he
was married Dec. 14, 1852, and thereafter for a
period of nine years was engaged in trade in hard-
ware, tin and stoves, and also carried on the manu-
facture of stoves and agricultural implements. Later
he engaged in the commission business, and in due
time was made Loan Commissioner for Orleans
County, being thus occupied three years.

During the late Rebellion and under the call of
July 2, 1862, for additional troops, Mr. Anthony
was selected bj' request of Gov. Morton as one of a
committee of seven to raise and organize troops in the
Twenty-eighth District of New York, embracing the
counties of Orleans, Niagara and Genesee. In Au-
gust following he was authorized to recruit an inde-
pendent battery of light artillery of six guns, and
which was subsequently known as the 17th New
York Independent Battery. Such was the in-
dustiy with which he set about this commission,
that in four days the maximum number was secured
and mustered into service, with Mr. Anthony as
Captain, and they proceeded at once to Washington.

136

GEORGE T. ANTHONY.

Capt. Anthony served with his battery until the
tlose of the war, operating between Washington and
Richmond, and in front of the latter city and Pe-
tersburg, being with the 18th Armj^ Corps during
the last year of the war. He was breveted Major
for services in the last caruiDaign ending at Appo-
mattox Court House, and after the surrender of the
Confederate forces, was mustered out of service at
Richmond, Va., June 12, 1865.

In November, 1865, Mr. Anthony changed his
residence from Rochester, N. Y., to Leavenworth,
this State, and became editor of the Leavenworth
Daily Bulletin, also of the Leavenworth Daily Con-
servative, filling the position two years and one-lialf.
He subsequentlj' assumed proprietorship of the Kan-
sas Farmer, which he conducted six years. In the
meantime such had been the zeal with which he in-
terested himself in the affairs of a State struggling
for recognition, and only needing good men for
leaders, that he was recognized as a man eminently
fitted for promotion, and in December, 1867, was
appointed United States Internal Revenue Assistant
Assessor, and the following year Collector of Inter-
nal Revenue. For three years be was President of
the Kansas State Board of Agriculture, and for two
years held the same position on tlie Board of Cen-
tennial Managers for the State, and was discharging
the duties of the three offices at the time of his
election as Governor, on the 7th of November,
1876.

Gov. Anthony, while State Executive, presided
wisely as counselor over the many difficult ques-
tions arising at that time, and retired from the
office with the best wishes of those who had realized
how faithfully he had endeavored to perform his
duty. He continued his residence in Leavenworth
after the expiration of his term of office, and there-
after was employed much of the time in a respon-
sible position, in connection with the extension of
the great Santa Fe Railroad thi-ough New Mexico
and into Old Mexico.

That Gov. Anthony was popular during his in-
cumbency of the Executive office, is indicated by
the fact that the county seat of Harper County was
named in his honor. Over the establishment of
this town there was much earnest debate in regard
to its location and many other important details in

connection therewith. It is now a city of impor-
tance, and was honored with a post-offlce in the
summer of 1878. At first the service was only
weekl}-, but in due time became daily, and it was
made a money-order office in 1880. Previous to
this, however, a bank had been established in a
small frame structure standing on the street, and
its business was soon conducted in a store building,
with a capital of $20,000. The Globe Mills were put
up in 1880-81, at a cost of over 125,000, and in due
time commanded a large trade from points in the
Indian Territory, as well as the surrounding towns.

Churches and newspapers sprang up in due time
in the town of Authonj^ and various lodges of the
different societies were named in honor of the
Governor. The town itself lies on the edge of a
beautiful valley, a trifle over two miles from the
geographical center of Harper County, and the site
was selected after much deliberation by the Town
Company, which had been formed at Wichita for
the purpose, as it was found desirable to establish a
town not far from the center of Harper Count}-,
which embraced large tracts of beautiful rolling
land. The projected town was considered a
matter of serious importance, and not the least
among the matters connected with its establishment
was the name by which it should be called. The
descendants of Gov. Anthony maj- be pardoned if
in preserving their family history they keep prop-
erly in view this fact in connection therewith. The
town site was made to cover 320 acres, and the first
work of the company was to build a barracks for
the accommodation of emigrants, and to dig three
public wells.

About as soon as the announcement went forth
that the " city of Anthony " was ready for settle-
ment, about a dozen box houses sprang up as if by
magic, and were soon followed bj' a store of general
merchandise, a hardware and a drug-store, and closely
upon the heels of these came a ph3-sician and an
attornej-. The new town grew rapidl}', and now
occupies a proud position among the other cities
adjacent, going in some respects ahead of those
which are older. As may be supposed, the patriot,
the ex-soldier, and one of the most conscientious
men who ever occupied the Gubernatorial Chair of
Kansas, has watched its growth with lively interest.

#'o

OHN P. ST. JOHN, eighth
Governor of the State of
Kansas, was boru in Brook-
field, Franklin Co., Ind.,
Feb. 25, 1833. The family
is of Huguenot descent.
Daniel St. John, the paternal
grandfather, was a native of
Luzerne Countj-, Pa., and for
'& sixty years was one of the fore-
most ministers of the Universalist
denomination, preaching with un-
swerving faith the doctrines he
had espoused, and illustrating their
ifcjMj purity by aguileless and untarnished
: reputation. He was the friend and
contemporary of Murray, Ballou, Streeter and
Thomas, and was numbered with them as one of
the American fathers of this religious faith. He
was also a Freemason, and at the time of his
death, which occurred in Broad Eipple, Ind., was
the oldest member of the fraternity in the State.

The subject of this sketch was the sou of Samuel
St. John, who was born in Orange County, N. Y.,
CAu\ was a man of more than ordinary ability. The
mother, Sophia (Snell) St. John, was of English
extraction, a lady of rare intelligence, with a char-
acter adorned by all the Christian virtues. The
children of farmers in the rural districts of Indiana
forty years ago were taught by such instructors as
the limited means of the inhabitants could com-
mand, and who dispensed knowledge usually only
two short terms each j'ear. Under these circum-

stances the early education of John P. St. John
was acquired. He soon mastered the elementary
branches taught in the district school, but deter-
mined to carry on his education as soon as he could
secure the means, and /or this purpose, while yet
a youth, entered a store, but devoted his leisure
hours to his books.

In 1852 Mr. St. John made his way to the Pa-
cific Slope, and employed himself at whatever he
could find to do — wood-chopping, steamboating,
mining, merchandising, etc. During the period of
eight years, which were pregnant with adventure,
hardship, danger and toil, if not of profit, he made
voyages to Central America, South America,
Mexico, Oregon and the Sandwich Islands. He
was engaged in the Indian Wars of Northern Cali-
fornia and Southern Oregon in 1852-53, in which
he suffered all the perils and hardships incident to
the struggles of that time, and was several times
wounded in the service.

During his mining life in California the long-
cherished predilection of Mr. St. John for the legal
profession ripened into a definite purpose. He
accordingly procured a few elementary law books,
and under circumstances calculated to try the
courage of one less determined, he commenced his
law studies in his mining camp, reading each even-
ing after the close of the day's labor by the light
of a burning pine knot or the camp fire. lie thus
pursued his studies laboriously for two years. In
1860 he returned eastward with but little more of
this world's goods than when he set out eight years
before, but equipped with a rich experience, a

140

JOHN P. ST. JOHN.

knowledge of the world and a fair idea of common
law. With the view of perfecting himself still
further in his studies, he entered the office of
Messrs. Starkweather <fe McLain, at Charleston, 111.,
and at the expiration of a year's time was admitted
to practice at the bar, and became a member of the
firm above mentioned.

The anticipated professional career of Mr. St.
John, however, was rudely broken in upon by the
mutterings of Civil War, and laying aside his per-
sonal interests, he enlisted as a private in Company
C, 68th Illinois Infantry. The regiment was soon
sent to Alexandria, Va., and St. John was assigned
to detached duty as Assistant Adjutant General.
He continued in this capacity until his term of
enlistment had expired, but subsequently at Camp
Mattoou, lU., he was placed in command of the
troops there, given the commission of Captain, and
upon the organization of the 143d Illinois, was
elected Lieutenant Colonel of this regiment. They
operated subsequently in the Mississippi Valley, and
Col. St. John continued in the service until 1864,
when he retired to private life, and resumed the
practice of law in connection with Judge McLain>
the surviving partner of the old firm.

In February, 1865, Mr. St. John with his family
removed to Independence, Mo., where he first
became prominent as a politician, and as a most
effective and popular orator. During his four-
3'ears residence at that point he took an active part
in the political campaign of 1868, making an effect-
ive and vigorous canvass of Western Missouri in
behalf of the nominees of the Eepublican party. In
May, 1869, he changed his residence to Olathe,
Kan., and associated himself with M. V. B. Parker
for the practice of law. This continued until 1875,
and Mr. St. John then formed a partnership with
Hon. I. O. Pickering, of Olathe, and continued the
practice of his profession until pressing public
duties forced him to abandon it.

The prominence of Gov. St. John in public life
seems to have become his unsought, and as the re-
sult of circumstances entirely outside his individ-
ual purposes or designs. Up to 1872 he had given
only such attention to political affairs as was
vouchsafed by all intelligent and patriotic voters.
He had held unsought the various local offices

which fall to the lot of responsible citizens in the
administration of town affairs, and as an ardent Re-
publican had done acceptable work on the stump
during the canvass of 1868. Four years later he
was elected State Senator from Johnson County,
and at once took a leading position, both on the
floor as a debator, and in the committee rooms as
an efficient business member.

The temper.ance movement found a sturdy and
fearless advocate of prohibition in Mr. St. John.
Consequently when the question came to be an
issue in the politics of Kansas, he was at once rec-
ognized as the fit exponent and defender of the
then unpopular doctrine. The Kansas State Tem-
perance Convention accordingly nominated him as
its candidate for Governor, in 1876. He declined
the nomination, although in full accord with the
convention on the issue it presented. That same
fall he was on the first ballot in the Eepublican
convention, the leading gubernatorial candidate.
On the seventh ballot he withdrew his name, which
action resulted in the nomination and subsequent
election of Hon. George T. Anthony.

At the Republican State Convention held two
years later at Topeka, in August, 1878, Mr. St.
John received the Republican nomination for
Governor. Considering the distracting element of
a third partj', the campaign was brilliant and effect-
ive, and the result one of the most decisive politi-
cal victories ever achieved in the State. In 1880,
in a total vote of 198,238, Mr. St. John was re-
elected by a majority over the next highest candi-
date of 51,647 and a majority over all of 32,170, a
fact which shows how satisfactory to the people
had been the manner in which he had discharged
the duties of his office during his first term.

The great exodus of the colored people from the
Southern States to Kansas began in 1879, and Gov.
St. John at once took an active interest in their
behalf. Through his influence, personal and official,
the necessities of thousands of these destitute and
suffering people were relieved and themselves
placed in a position to become self-sustaining. In
1882 his friends nominated him as Governor for a
third term, but he failed of are-election. In 1884
he was the nominee of the Prohibition party for
President, and received 150.000 votes.

EORGE W. GLICK, ninth
Governor of Kansas, was its
first Democratic State Ex-
ecutive. He was born at
Greencastle, Fairfield Co.,
Ohio, July 4, 1827, and on
the paternal side is of Ger-
man descent. His great-grandfather.
Heniy Glick, was one of five brothers
who left the beautiful Rhine country
prioi to the Revolutionary War. In
this immortal struggle they all partici-
pated and subsequently settled in Penn-
sylvania George Glick, grandfather
of the Governor, served as a soldier
in the War of 1812, and was severely wounded at
the battle of Ft. Meigs.

Isaac Glick, the father of George W., and who
was prominent .as a farmer and stock-raiser of San-
duslty Count}', Ohio, held for three consecutive
terms tlie office of Treasurer of that county, and
was a man accounted above reproach, both in his
business and private character. He married Miss
Mary Sanders, daughter of George Sanders, who
was a soldier p.atriot in the War of 1812, in which
he ranked as a Captain and bore the marks of his
bravery in bodily wounds of a serious nature. Mrs.
Mary (Sanders) Glick is a lady of high culture and
great piety, active in the work of Christian charity,
and of that retiring disposition which fully car-
ried out the command of the great teacher, "Let
not thy right hand know what thy left hand doeth."
As a boy, George W. Glick was more than usually
studious, and acquired a good English education,
embracing the higher mathematics and the lan-
guages, which lent a polish to his practical sense and
business qualifications, and enabled him to succeed

almost uniformly in his undertakings. When he
was a little lad of five years the family removed to
Lower Sandusky, now Fremont, where, after com-
pleting his education, he entered the law office of
Buckland & Hayes, the junior member of the firm
being afterward President of the United States. In
due time he passed a thorough examination in con-
nection with the Cincinnati Law School students,
and was admitted to the bar by the Supreme Court.

Mr. Glick commenced the practice of his profes-
sion at Fremont, Ohio, where his careful attention
to the interests of his clients secured him a large
patronage. Later he removed to Sandusky City,
and in 1858 was made the Congressional nominee
of the Democratic party in his district, but declined
the honor in the presence of the convention, but
accepted later the nomination for State Senator.
Although defeated, he ran nearly 2,000 votes ahead
of his party ticket. Later he was elected Judge
Advocate General of the 2d Regiment of the Sev-
enteenth Division of the Ohio Militia, with the rank
of Colonel, receiving his commission from Gov.
Salmon P. Chase.

Late in 1868 Mr. Glick came to Kansas, locating
in Atchison, and associated himself in the practice
of law with Hon. Alfred G. Otis. This gentleman
was well versed in jurisprudence, and as Judge of
the Second Judicial District from January, 1877, to
January, 1881, won golden opinions as an adminis-
trator of justice. The firm of Otis & Glick contin-
ued fifteen years, and was finally dissolved in con-
sequence of a throat affection from which Mr. Glick
had suffered for some time. The firm settled up
its affairs aunually, never a dispute occurring,
its last settlement iiaving been effected within an
hour.

At the first election held under the Wyandotte

144

GEORGE W. GLICK.

Constitution, Dec. 6, 1859, Mr. Glick was made the
Democratic nominee for Judge of the Second Judi-
cial District, and received a vote larger than that
of anj' candidate on his ticket. He was elected a
member of the House of Representatives from the
city of Atchison, in 1862, and each consecutive j' ear
thereafter until 1867. He was re-elected in 1875
and again in 1 880. During these years he was Chair-
man of the Judiciary Committee, and was chosen
to fill this position by the Republican Speakers of
the House, who manifested the utmost confidence
in his wisdom and integrity. Thereafter he served
on the most important committees existing, and
during the session of 1876 was Speaker pro tern of
the House. In May, 1874, he served as State Sen-
ator, having been elected to fill the vacancy caused
by the resignation of the Hon. Joseph C. Wilson.
From this time on Mr. Glick was constantly called
into requisition by his party, being in 1886 a dele-
gate to the Union Convention at Philadelphia, and
in 1870 a member of the Democratic State Central
Committee. Subsequently he was a member of the
State Central Relief Committee, and was commis-
sioned a Centennial Manager by Gov. Thomas A.
Osborn in 1876. Subsequently he was elected
Treasurer of the Board of Managers, and was pres-
ent at the first meeting in Philadelphia, when the
arranging of the display was completed. In July,
1882, he was nominated by acclamation as the Dem-
ocratic candidate for Governor, and at the election
received considerable support outside of his party.
Mr. Glick was County Commissioner of Atchison
County upon his accession to the office of Governor,
and was also holding the position of Auditor. In
his election to this office he received about forty-
six per cent of the votes cast, and was outdone by
only one man in this respect, namely, John P. St.
John, who, in 1880, received about fift^-eight per
cent. Although a man of temperate habits, he docs
not consider prohibition a sovereign remedy for
the evils arising from the use of, and traffic in, in-
toxicating drinks. In Februarj^ 1876, while a
member of the House and during the tendency of
the proposed amendment to the Dram Shop Act, he
entered a protest, which was spread upon the House
Journal, in which he maintained that the Prohibi-
torji- Liquor Law hati, wherever tried, failed to ac-

complish its purpose, and that this proposition was
conceded by all who were not controlled by fanat-
icism ; that no one would attempt to enforce such
a law, and that regulation and control of the traffic
was an absolute necessity for the preservation of
the peace and good order of society, and that this
control was made of no effect by the proposed
amendment.

Mr. Glick furthermore contended that the reve-
nue derived from the sale of intoxicating liquors
aided in paying the burdensome expenses following
the wake of such sales, and that by the proposed
law the burdens upon the public were increased
while its ability to prevent them was decreased.
He believed that if the bill became a law it would
increase the number of places where liquor would be
sold, thereby resulting in the increase of the evils of
the traffic, and also the expenses of protecting life and
propertj^ and preserving the public peace.

The early Kansas railroads found in Gov. Glick
a stanch and efficient assistant, and he was one
of the first Directors of the Central Branch of the
Union Pacific, running west from Atchison. He
was also a Director of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa
Fe — the important transportation line of the State
and of the country west of the Mississippi. From
the time of the organization of the Atchison & Ne-
braska, he was its President to its completion, and
spent four years of incessant labor in order to effect
its construction from Atchison to the capital citj^
of Omaha. He organized the Atchison Gas Com-
pany and secured the building of the works. Many
of the buildings in the city of Atchison, both busi-
ness and dwelling-houses, were erected by him, and
he has generously disbursed his capital to encourage
those enterprises best calculated to increase the im-
portance of the cit3^

Mr. Glick was married at Massillon, Ohio, Sept.
17, 1857, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Dr. A.
Ryder, of Fremont, that State. "While he was State
Executive his son Frederick was his private sccre-
tarj'. This son and a daughter Jennie are his only
children. Mr. Glick was the first Master of the
Shannon Hills Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry.
He has been a member of the Masonic fraternity
nearly forty years, and aided in organizing the
Royal Arch Chapter and Commandery, of Atchison.

5IIE tenth Governor of Kansas
was bora March 10, 1839, at
Brownsville, Pa., and in his
early days, after an ordinary
education, learned the prin-
ter's trade. In 1857 he went
to Pittsburgh, and was em-
ployed in the office of the Commer-
cial Journal, and early in October
of that year he emigrated to
Kansas and located in Atchison.
He purchased the office of the
Squatter Sovereign in February,
1858, and changed its name to the
Freeman's Champion,, and on the
20th of the month commenced his
editorial career in this State, by
the issue of the first number of the paper which he
has since been identified with. He was always a
stanch free-State man, and an earnest and ardent
Republican, being among the organizers of that
grand old party in his native State. He was Sec-
retary of the Wj'andotte Constitutional Convention,
and was elected State Senator before he was of age.
During the summer of 1861 Mr. Martin assisted
in organizing the 8th Kansas Infantry, of which he
was appointed Lieutenant Colonel. The regiment
served on the Missouri border during the fall and

winter of 1861. Early in 1862 he was appointed
Provost Marshal of Leavenworth, and in March of
the same year his regiment was ordered to Corinth,
Miss., Lieut. Col. Martin in command. A few weeks
after, when at Corinth, the regiment with the
division to which it was attached, was ordered to
join Gen. Buell in Tennessee, and thereafter during
the whole war it served in the Army of the Cumber-
land. Lieut. Col. Martin was promoted to be
Colonel on the 1st of November, 1862, and was
Provost Marshal of Nashville, Tenn., from Decem-
ber, 1862, to June, 1863. The regiment, under his
command, took part in the battles of Perryville
and Lancaster, Kj-., the campaign against Tul-
lahoma and Chattanooga, the battle of Chickamauga,
the siege of Chattanooga, the storming of Mission
Ridge, the campaign of East Tennessee, in the win-
ter of 1863-64, the campaign from Chattanooga to
Atlanta, and the subsequent pursuit of Hood north-
ward. Col. Martin commanded the 3d Brigade, 1st
Division, 20th Army Corps, on the second day of
the battle of Chickamauga, and during the siege of
Chattanooga, and commanded the 1st Brigade, 3d
Division, 4th Army Corps, from August, 1 864, until
his muster out at Pulaski, Tenn., Nov. 17, 1864.

In a lengthy description of the battle of Mission
Ridge, published in the New York Times of July

148

JOHN A. MARTIN.

18, 1876, Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Wood, who com-
manded the 3d Division, 4th Corps, Army of the
Cumberland, says:

"Willich's brigade, in the center, had with it the
heroic, accomplished Martin, Colonel of the 8th
Kansas. What that regiment could not take it was
not worth while to send any other regiment to look
for. Martin was among the foremost to set the
example of the upward movement, and among the
first to reach the crest."

In a letter published in the Cincinnati Commer-
cial ot Jan. 24, 1876, the late Brig. Gen. August
Willich, commander of the 1st Brigade, 3d Division,
4th Armj"^ Corps, after stating that the orders he
received at Orchard Knob, concerning the advance
to Mission Ridge, were to "take the rifle pit at the
foot of Mission Ridge, and to keep that position,"
and describing the advance to the base of the ridge
and the capture of the rifle pits there, says :

•'Herein the work assigned by Gen. Grant was
accomplished. But now the fire of the enemy be-
came very severe; the shells rent the ground in
every direction; our lines were infiladed from the
different spars of the ridge, where the enemy was
protected against our fire by his works and his
dominant position. There appeared at first thought
to Gen. Willich, holding position about 100 yards
behind the rifle pits, to be only three chances, viz :
To obey orders and to be shot without effective
resistance ; to fall back, or to charge. The second
chance being out of the question, I galloped with
Lieut. Green, of my staff, up to the 8th Kansas,
lying in line behind the rifle pits. Col. Martin,
commanding the regiment, seeing mc, jumped on
the breastworks and shouted : 'Here we are, Gen-
eral, what more ?' 'Forward, storm ! We have to
take the works on the ridge,' was the answer. The
Colonel: 'Altogether, boys, forward! Hip, hip,
hurrah!' Like one man, the whole line, with one
leap, cleared the breastworks ; forward they moved
and the air was soon filled with the sound, 'Forward !
Forward!' extending more and more, right and left."

Returning home. Col. Martin resumed control of
the Atchison Champion early in Januarj', 1865, and
on the 22d of March issued the first number of the
Daily Champion. He has been commander of the
department, a delegate to the National Republican

Conventions of 1860, 1868, 1872 and 1880; was a
United States Centennial Commissioner, and one of
the Vice Presidents of that body; was one of the
incorporators of the State Historical Society, of
which he was President for one term; was elected
by the two Houses of Congress one of the Board of
Managers of the National Soldiers' Home, in 1878,
and re-elected in 1882, being now Second Vice
President of that body. He was married, June 1,
1871, to Miss Ida Challiss, eldest daughter of Dr.
William L. Challiss, of Atchison, .and has seven
children.

At the Republican State Convention, held in
Topeka July 17, 1884, the rules were suspended and
John A. Martin was nominated for Governor by
acclamation. At the November election following
he was elected Governor by a plurality of 38,495
votes. At the Republican State Convention, held
in Topeka July 7, 1886, he was again unanimously
nominated for a second term, and at the November
election following was elected Governor by a plu-
rality vote of 33,918. He was the first and only
Governor of Kansas who was twice unanimously
nominated by his party for that office, and has
served with distinction, filling the honored position
occupied by his able predecessors with equal ability,
and giving to the people as the Chief Executive of
the populous and growing State, satisfaction. He
is a man of honest, upright character, and abhors
trickery and deceit, and in looking over his long
and useful life he may well feel a just pride at the
position he has won in the esteem and confidence
of honest men, and the respect of all good citizens.
There are but few men of the stirring State of
Kansas who have been more closely identified with
all public movements for the general welfare and
prosperity of the State than John A. Martin. His
name may be found on almost every page of the
memorable history of Kansas, from the holding of
the first Republican Convention, held at Osawato-
mie in 1859, until to-day, when he is the leading
spirit among the enterprising men of the most pro-
gressive State of the Nation. A man of excellent
judgment, moved by honest purpose and love for
the general welfare of the whole State, he is always
found identified with the right, and, as might be
expected, popular with the people.

-^'1

.(Vi AAA^^/vv\^ J ^WAAvhXvvje^

—•^im^^-

. L. U. HUMPHREY.
This distinguished gen-
tleman was chosen Gov-
ernor of Kansas, at the
election held in Novem-
ber, 1888. He had made
for himself an honorable record on
the deadly battle-field, as well as in
^^ the more monotonous, though not
less courage-requiring hours of po-
litical life, in the fields of journal-
ism, in the forensic arena, and in
the various capacities in wliicli he
has labored for the public weal. It
is not our purpose in this brief
sketch, to dwell at great length upon his private
life, his public record sufficing to indicate that his
character is noble, and his example a worthy one.
Gov. Humphrey was born in Stark County, Ohio,
July 25, 1844. His father. Col. Lyman Humphrey,
w!io was a native of Connecticut, of English de-
scent, and a lawyer of distinction, died when the
subject of this sketch was but eight years of age.
At the outbreak of the Civil War. in 1861, Gov.
Humphrey was attending the High School at Mas-
sillon. and his fervid, patriotic heart was thrilled to
the utmost, with an enthusiastic desire to serve his
country, and uphold the flag which he had been
taught to revere. Though only a boy of seven-

teen, he enlisted in Company I, 76th Ohio Infan-
try, a regiment famous for its bravery, and for the
eminent men who belonged to it. Such was the gal-
lantry, and the proper conception of a soldier's du-
ties exhibited by him, that he had been promoted
to the office of 1st Lieutenant, had acted as Adju-
tant of his regiment, and had commanded a com-
pany for a year, before he was out of his minority.

Much active service was experienced by Capt.
Humphrey, and among the battles in which he par-
ticipated, were those of Donelson, Pittsburg Land-
ing, Corinth, the siege of Vicksburg, Chattanooga,
Atlanta, and the fighting around that cit}', he be-
ing under fire five or six weeks in that single cam-
paign. He was with Sherman in his march to the
sea, was present at the capture of Savannah, and
was engaged in many other trying scenes. He was
with his regiment in the campaign through the
Carolinas, and took part in the battle of Benton-
ville, as well as in the capture of Gen. Joe John-
ston's army. He was twice wounded, once at
Pittsburg Landing, and once at Chattanooga, but
refused to retire from the field. During the four
years of his militar3' service, he never was absent
from duty for a day. The regiment of which he
was a member, belonged to the 1st Brigade, 1st
Division, 15th Corps, Army of the Tennessee.

At the termination of the war Capt. Humphrey
resumed the studies which had been interrupted b}'

152

LYMAN U. HUMPHREY.

the "irrepressible conflict," feeling the need of a
more thorough education to fit him to act well his
part in the battle of life. He entered Mt. Union
College, and soou after matriculated in the law de-
partment of the Michigan University', from which
he was graduated after having completed his stud-
ies in the legal profession. Returning to his native
State he was admitted to practice in the several
courts of Ohio, in 1868, but feeling that the West
would afford a broader field for his labors, he re-
moved to Shelb}- County, Mo., where for a time he
assistedjin editing the Shelby County Herald.

The newer State of Kansas, which had already
become the home of many men eminent in various
walks of life, seemed to beckon Capt. Humphrey
still further West, and in February, 1871, he crossed
the Missouri and located at Independence. He
formed a law partnership with the Hon. Alexander
M. York, the attempt at whose briber^' by Senator
Pomeroy in 1873, during the contest for United
States Senatorial honors, brought his name promi-
nently before the people of Kansas as an opponent
to fraud and corruption. The legal relation be-
tween the two gentlemen lasted until 1876, after
which time Gov. Humphrey continued the practice
of his chosen profession alone. The Independence
Tribune was founded by Messrs. A .M. York,
W. T. Yoe and L. U. Humphrey, the latter with-
drawing from the firm at the expiration of a year.

Gov. Humphrey had not long been a resident of
Kansas before his talents were known and his fit-
ness for public office appreciated. In 1871, the
year of his arrival in the State, he was honored by
the Republican nomination as candidate for a seat
in the State Legislature, but because of his vigor-
ous opposition to the issue of questionable bonds
to the L. L. & G. Railroad Company, he was de-
feated by a small vote. In 1876 he was vindicated
by an election to the House from a district form-
erl3' Democratic, and served two years as a member
of the Re|)ublican State Central Committee. In
1877 Melville J. Salter having accepted a position
in the land office at Independence, resigned liis
position as Lieutenant Governor, and our subject
was chosen to fill the vacancy. His principal op-
ponent was the Democratic candidate. Thomas W.
Waterson, who received 24,740 votes, while Mr.

Humphrey received 62,750, his majority over all
other candidates being 27,381. The folio wing year
he was re-elected; the covention which nominated
him having, after a protracted and exciting strug-
gle, placed John P. St. John at the head of the
ticket.

In 1884 Mr. Humphrey was elected to the State
Senate for the term of four years, and upon the or-
ganization of that Legislative bodj- was chosen
President, pro tem, by a unanimous vote. On
July 25, 1888, that being the forty-fourth anni-
versary of his birth, he was nominated for Gover-
nor of the State of Kansas, and was elected b}' the
splendid majority of 73,361. Gov. Humphrey
carried 104 out of the 106 counties in the State,
his opponent in the contest being no less prominent
a person than Judge John Martin.

Gov. Humphrey has been frequently called upon
to preside as a Judge, pro tem, of the District
Court, an honor which indicates the degree of con-
fidence reposed in him by the public. He has been
an active Republican, and has an enviable record
both as a speaker and writer in behalf of the prin-
ciples to which he is a devotee. He is deeph' in-
terested in the promulgation of the fundamental
doctrines of true government, and the loyal prin-
ciples for which our forefathers in earlier years and
our nearer kinsmen in recent times, gave their
strength and even their lives. He belongs to the
Lo3'al Legion, a body made up of those who, like
himself, are intensely patriotic. His affability, his
frankness, and his justice in dealing with men. has
won for him a high place in the esteem of all with
whom he comes in contact, either personally or
through the medium of his published addresses.
His keen perception as to the wants of the growing
State, Ills desire that she shalUbe built up in all the
elements that constitute the true greatness and
glor}' of a government or of a people, and^the
powers of discrimination, which lead him to discern
right from wrong, justice from injustice, especially
qualify him for the high office to ^wiiich the people
called him.

Gov. Humphrey was married at Independence on
Christmas Day, 1872, to Miss Leonard, daughter of
James C. Leonard. Tiiey have two children. Ly-
man L., and A. Lincoln.

^Ji^

\y '-..,< ^>>^

Marshall County

KANSAS.

^hL-f'\,l^-

^i^^^

^°M^<

INTRODUQTORY.

5,HE time has arrived when it
becomes the duty of the
people of this county to per-
petuate the names of their
pioneers, to furnish a record
of their early settlement,
and relate the story of their
progress. The civilization of our
day, the enlightenment of the age
and the duty that men of the pres-
ent time owe to their ancestors, to
themselves and to their posterity,
demand that a record of their lives
and deeds should be made. In bio-
graphical history is found a power
to instruct man by precedent, to
enliven the mental faculties, and
to waft down the river of time a
safe vessel in which the names and actions of the
people who contributed to raise this country from its
primitive state may be preserved. Surely and rapidly
the great and aged men, who in their ]3rime entered
the vifilderness and claimed the virgin soil as their
heritage, are passing to their graves. The number re-
maining wlio can relate the incidents of the first days
of settlement is becoming small indeed, so that an
actual necessity exists for the collection and preser-
vation of events without delay, before all the early
settlers are cut down by the scythe of Time.

To be forgotten has been the great dread of mankind
from remotest ages. All will be forgotten soon enough,
in spite of their best works and the most earnest
efforts of their friends to perserve the memory of
their lives. The means employed to prevent oblivion
and to perpetuate their memory has been in propor-
tion to the amount of intelligence they possessed.
Th-; pyramids of Egypt were built to perpetuate the
names and deeds of their great rulers. The exhu-
mations made by the archeologists of Egypt from
buried Men-.phis indicate a desire of those people

to perpetuate the memory of their achievements.
The erection of the great obelisks were for the same
purpose. Coming down to a later period, we find the
Greeks and Romans erecting mausoleums and monu-
ments, and carving out statues to chronicle their
great achievements and carry them down the ages.
It is also evident that the Mound-builders, in piling
up their great mounds of earth, had but this idea —
to leave something to show that they had lived. All
these works, though many of them costly in the ex-
treme, give but a faint idea of the lives and charac-
ters of those whose memory they were intended to
perpetuate, and scarcely anything of the masses of
the people that then lived. The great pyramids anc^
some of the obelisks remain objects only of curiosity;
the mausoleums, monuments and statues are crum-
bling into dust.

It was left to modern ages to establish an intelli-
gent, undecaying, immutable method of perpetuating
a full history — immutable in that it is almost un-
limited in extent and perpetual in its action ; and
this is through the art of printing.

To the present generation, however, we are in-
debted for the introduction of the admirable system
of local biography. By this system every man, though
he has not achieved what the world calls greatness,
has the means to perpetuate his life, his history,
through the coming ages.

The scythe of Time cuts down all ; nothing of the
physical man is left. The monument which liis chil-
dren or friends may erect to his memory in the ceme-
tery will crumble into dust and pass away ; but his
life, his achievements, the work he has accomplished,
which otherwise would be forgotten, is perpetuated
by a record of this kind.

To preserve the lineaments of our companions we
engrave their portraits, for the same reason we col-
lect the attainable facts of their history. Nor do we
think it necessary, as we speak only truth of them, to
wait until they are dead, or until those who know
them are gone: to do this we are ashamed only to
publish to the world the history of those whose lives
are unworthy of public record.

TRANSPORTATION,

'^-f-|=^^^=f+-l-

XE of the most important fac-
tors in tlie business develop-
ment and prosperity' of a
city, count3' or State, is its
^ ^ - ^ ^ -t, -^ ^ railroad comnuinieations. A
^^ CT) ^<>^ retrospection of the history
- of tlie .South Platte Country since
the advent of railroad facilities will
convince the careful observer of the
immense benefit resulting from the
introduction of this essential adjunct
of commercial enterprise. The fol-
lowing brief sketches of the leading-
railroads of this section of the great
commonwealth will form an interesting feature of
this Album. It may be remarked in this connec-
tion that the roads referred to are not only the im-
portant corporations of Kansas, but stand among
the first in the Nation.

The Union Pacific Railway.

^HIS great natioual highway is so well known
not only throughout the United States, but
all over the world, that a mere reference to
it would seem sufficient, yet, for the benefit of those

who have never had the pleasure of riding over its
smooth track, and thus had an opportunity of gaz-
ing upon the fine scenery' along its route, the fol-
lowing description is given :

It formed a part of the first trans-continental
line of railroad from ocean to ocean, and was con-
ceived, and its construction authorized, as a war
measure, the needs of the Government during the
War of the Rebellion having clearly shown the ne-
cessity for it. When first talked of many thought the
feat of constructing a line of railroad over the Rock}*
Mountains an utter impossibilitj'. Many of those
who had crossed the plains, deserts and mountains
to California, in '49-50, knew very well that a rail-
road could not be built there, for "how could a
locomotive ascend a mountain where six yoke of
oxen could scarcely haul a wagon." It must be
remembered that the line of this road follows al-
most exactly the old emigrant wagon road, not
only on the plains on the north side of the Platte
River, through the State of Nebraska, but, in fact,
all the way to Ogden, in Utah Territory. In the
days of '49-50, when long trains of gold-seekers,
after outfitting at Council Bluffs, wended their
way over the plains, the country was filled with
hostile Indians, herds of wild buffalo, deer and
antelope. There was scarcely a house west of the
Eikhorn River within twenty miles of Omaha.

TRANSPORTATION.

Now the traveler sits in a luxurious Pullman car,
and is whirled over the smooth railroad at fort^-
miles an hour, past villages, towns and cities filled
with active, busy, intelligent people, and as far as
the eye can reach on either side of the road farms
join each other, and a million and a half of people
live in the State of Nebraska, through wliich the
road runs.

This railway is one of the very best on this con-
tinent. Its two main stems, the one from Kansas
Cit^-, the other from Council Bluffs uniting at
Cheyenne and diverging again at Granger, one for
Portland and one for San Francisco, are crowded
with the commerce of the Orient and the Occident,
while people from ever)- nation in the woi'ld may
be seen on its passenger trains. Every improve-
ment which human ingenuity has invented for the
safety or comfort of the traveler is in use on the
Union Pacific Railway, and it has been operated so
many years, having been finished in 1869. that all
weak points at all assailable by the snow linve been
protected.

For nearly 500 miles west of Council Bluffs, and
700 miles west of Kansas Cit}-, there are no heavj^
grades or curves. The Pacific Hotel Company
manage the eating-houses, under the supervision of
the Railway Company, and no better meals are to
be fonnd on any railroad in the United States.

Crossing the Missouri River from the Transfer
Depot, Council Bluflfs, over a magnificent steel
bridge of eleven spans, seventy-five feet above the
water, each span 250 feet long, Omaha is reached,
and the trip across the continent, to either Portland
or San Francisco commences. Leaving Omaha the
road follows the Platte River through the thickly-
settled and fertile Platte Valley to Cheyenne (516
miles from Omaha), the capital of Wyoming Terri-
tor3\ At this point the Kansas Main Line via Den-
ver connects with the Nebraska Main Line from
Council Bluffs.

Leaving Kansas City one passes through some
of the finest farming land of the West, and a suc-
cession of thriving cities and towns. First, Law-
rence, the scene of many exciting events durino-
the time when it was a question whether Kansas
was to be a free-soil or slave State. Topeka is
the capital of the State, containing some 35,000

people. The heart of the golden grain belt of
Kansas is then traversed for hour after hour.
Junction City next, is so called from the fact that
here the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railroad has a
branch reaching to Texas, Arkansas and the Gulf
of Mexico. From Ellsworth the road runs through
the Harker Hills, where the traveler sees many
cairns of stones, mementoes of John C. Fremont,
the Pathfinder. From Ellsworth to the boundary
line of the State one passes through what a verj^ few
years ago appeared on all school geographies as
the Great American Desert. Just west of Ellis
one of the finest grazing regions in the world is
entered. After crossing the Colorado State line
comes Cheyenne Wells, where there is a well of
the purest water that is found between the Mis-
souri River and Denver. From Cheyenne Wells
the road climbs rapidly until First \'iew is reached.
This Station is so called becuase here is obtained
the first view of the snow-capped mountains of
Colorado, with Gray's Peak in the west and Pike's
Peak on tlie south.

The ascent is rapid into Denver, 639 miles from
Kansas City, with a population of 85,000, the
queen city of the mountains and capital of Colo-
rado. The elevation is 5,203 feet above sea level.
The trip from Denver to Cheyenne, Wyo., along
the foothills of the Rocky Mountains affords a ka-
leidoscopic panorama of hills, fields, farms, rivers,
running brooks and lohy mountains. Here the
Eastern traveler for the first time sees fields of al-
falfa of a deep green color, grown by the use of
irrigating ditches. The run of 107 miles from
Denver to Cheyenne, Wyo., is quickly made.

Cheyenne, 6,038 feet in altitude, with a popula-
tion of about 10,000, is one of the sprightliest and
most prosperous cities in the entire West. It is
well and compactly built, and for many years has
been the center of the cattle industry of the North-
west.

After leaving Cheyenne the train climbs a grade
of 2,000 feet in thirtj'-three miles to Sherman,
8,247 feet above sea level, and the highest point
of the trans-continental ride between the Missouri
River and the Pacific Coast. From Sherman can
be seen Long's Peak, nearly 200 miles away. The
scenery is wild and rugged. Just be3'ond Sherman

TRANSPORTATION.

is Dale Creek Bridge, one erf the most remarkable
sights of the overland trip. The structure is of
iron, and stretches from blutf to bluff with a 050-
foot span. The train passses over it just 127 feet
above the creek, which looks like a mere rivulet
below. Pike's Peak can be seen away off to the
south, not less than 1G5 miles distant.

Laramie, twenty-three miles west of Sherman,
often called the "Gem City of the Rockies," has an
elevation of 7,149 feet above sea level, and a popu-
lation of about 6,000. It is one of the principal towns
on the main line of the Union Pacific Railwaj- be-
tween Council Bluffs and Ogden. It is situated on
Big Laramie River, fifty -seven miles northwest of
Cheyenne, and is an important market for wool.
Its schools are good, and the Universit}- of W3'o-
miug and tlie United States Penitentiar_y are located
here.

The great Laramie Plains, v,'hicii stretcli away
for miles on either side, and which afford pastur-
age for thousands of cattle and horses, are of great
interest. Eighty-three miles west is Carbon, in the
coal regions. One hundred and twent3'-one miles
west of Rawlins is Rock Springs. In this locality
there are immense coal beds acro^^s tlie continent to
Portland, Ore.

At Green River the trains for Portland, Ore.,
are made up, although they do not make their de-
parture from the main line over the Oregon Short
Line Division until Granger is reached, thirty
miles west of Green River, and the trip across the
continent is continued over the Oregon Short
Line, reaching out, as it does to the great North-
west, until the great Territory of Idaho is en-
tered at Border Station. Then on through Soda
Springs and Pocatello — the junction with the Utah
A: Northern branch, for the Yellowstone National
Park, Butte, Garrison and Helena ; thence to Sho-
shone Station, where the junction is made for the
great Shoshone Falls.

From Nampa, Idaho, the Oregon Short Line
skirts along the boundary line of Idaho and Ore-
gon, following the Snake River. Huntington is
the junction of the Oregon Short Line Division
with the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company,
an auxilliary line of the L'nion Pacific Railway.

Leaving La Grande, and passing over the sum-

mit at Meacham, on through the Umatilla Reserva-
tion to Pendleton, and over the Cascade Mount-
ains, the tourist reaches "The Dalles" Station, on
the Columbia River, the commencement of '-The
Dalles" of Columbia.

All along the sights have been absorbing in their
varied aspects; but it is only when a pause is made
at "The Dalles" Station, that the true grandeur of
the scenery of the Columbia River is impressed
upon the mind. There are good accommodations
here, and from this point the noble river, surging
and whirling to the sea, breaking the Image rocks
into wave fragments, occupies the mind of the
beholder. The Columbia is one of the world s
great rivers, affording a waterway that is navigable
for traffic for over 200 miles. Upon it, near its
mouth, the largest ocean steamers ply with safety.
Its largest tributary is the Williamette, draining
the valley of the same name, and being navigable
for vessels of any size to Portland. There can be
nothing more inspiring than the ride along "The
Dalles" of the Columbia, with the shining river on
one side and the towering battlements of the shore
on the other. Ihe scene is one of continued mag-
nificence. Along the Rhine, the Rhone, or the
Hudson, there is nothing that will compare with
the stately palisades of the Columbia, with their
cool recesses kept sunless by the overhanging rocks,
and watered by the melting snows of their own
summits. A spendid view can be had of Mt. Hood,
Mt. St. Helen's, and the Cascades, where the scen-
ery surpasses anything of the kind in the world.

From Portland magnificent ocean steamers de-
part for the far distant Orient. Fine steamers also
ply from Portland to Alaska.

From Portland to San Francisco tlie trip can be
made in the iron stenmships of the Oregon Railway'
cfe Navigation Company, which will compare favor-
ably with the best ocean steamers on the Atlantic
for safety, speed and comfort; or by rail over the
IMt. Shasta loute of the Central Pacific Railroad
(the Southern Pacific Companj').

Between Cheyenne and Ogden about ten miles of
snowsheds altogether are passed at different points
on the line. Tliose sheds are all in Wyoming. They
are quite a feature af the ride across the continent;
the Central Pacific Railroad having about thirty

TRANSPORTATION.

miles altogether on its line between Ogclen and
Sacramento. Ogden is 1,0.34 miles from Council
Bluffs, 1,260 miles from Kansas City, and 833 miles
from San Francisco.

The crowning scenes of the trip across Utah and
Nevada to San Francisco are not beheld until after
leaving Reno. Cape Horn, Emigrant Gap, the
Sierra Nevadas, Donner Lake, and other objects of
more than ordinary interest will be found. Nevada
is celebrated for her famous mines. The marvel-
ous Carson and Humboldt sinks, in which the
waters of all the rivers in the State of Nevada,
save one, are swallowed ; the Mud Lake, the Borax
marshes, and countless numbers of thermal springs,
have been the wonder of the scientist and the de-
light of the tourists. One hundred and fifty-five
miles from Reno is Sacramento, a beautiful city,
and the capital of California.

From Sacramento the Central Pacific Railroad
branches off, via Lathrop, to Los Angeles, from
which point the prominent cities and noted resorts
of California are readily reached. From Sacra-
mento, the Davis cut-off, now the main line of the
Central Pacific road, takes tlie tourist through to
Oakland, where a transfer is made across an arm of
the bay to San Francisco, and here this part of the
trip "Across the Continent" terminates at San Fran-
cisco.

NOTES ABOUT THE TRAINS, EyDIl'MENT. .TUNCTIOXS,
AND CONNECTIONS.

It is worth while knowing that two through
trains leave Council Bluffs every day with through
cars for Denver. Ogden. Salt Lake City, Los An-
geles, San Francisco and Portland. One of these
trains, the fast one, called the "Overland Flyer,"
has Pullman Palace Sleeping Cars only, running
through to Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco and
Portland. The otiier train, the Overland Express,
has Pullman Palace Sleeping Cars, Modern Day
Coaches, and Free Family Sleeping Cars. From
Kansas City two fast express trains leave daily
with through cars for Denver, Cheyenne, Salt
Lake City and Portland. These trains have Pull-
man Palace Sleeping Cars and Modern Day Coaches.
The morning train has the Free Family Sleeping

Cars. The equipment oT these trains is unsurpassed
and all that can be desired. A good road-bed,
standard-guage track, steel rails, iron bridges, and
stone culverts combined, insure safety and speed.

i-SsSx-^j^

>^s«t-«^itf^

The Missouri Pacific Railway System.

(^^^HIS great system, which now threads its way
l(^^\ through several States west of the Missis-
^^^ sippi River, has been a potential factor in
the development of Missouri and Kansas, and with
its accustomed enterprise a short time ago pene-
trated with its lines into the rich agricultural dis-
tricts of Nebraska, to compete, in this growing
State, with its rapidly accumulating business. It
was also among the pioneer roads in Kansas, and its
many branches now traverse in different directions
the most thickly settled portions of that State. It
has contributed in a large measure, by its liberal
and .aggressive policy, toward the rapid develop-
ment of the great resources of Kansas. It is inter-
esting to note briefly its history, as it was the first
road built west from St. Louis, as earl}- as 1850-51.
The preliminary steps to build the road were taken,
and it has since gradually extended its lines, like
the arteries and veins of the human sj'stem, until
it has encompassed in its range the best portions of
Missouri, Kansas and Nebraska, and has even
reached out and tapped the large commercial cen-
ters of Texas and Colorado. In Missouri its several
lines and connections pierce the great coal and
mineral fields of the State, enabling it to lay down
in Kansas City, Topeka, Leavenworth, Atchison,
Wichita, Omaha and Lincoln, cheaper than any
other roads, these essential adjuncts so necessaiy in
tlie development of commercial centers; and even
the settlers in the outlying districts of Kansas and
Nebraska have fuel laid down to them more ciieaply
on account of this road.

Its splendid and far-reaching management ex-
tends to its patrons, both in freight and passenger
traffic, the best facilities for reaching the seaboard
and the great Eastern marts of trade. The growth
and development of the Missouri Pacific System has
been rapid and fully abreast of the times. Its local
business is enormous and rapidly increasing. In

TRANSPORTATION.

respect to its through business no other road or
system in Nebraska is better equipped than this.
Its steel rail tracks, well-ballasted road beds and
superior passenger coaches constitute it one of the
greatest railroad systems of the West. Its superb
fast train between St. Louis and Denver, via Kansas
City and Pueblo, is unquestionably the most ele-
gant and best equipped train of any road which
enters the peerless City of the Plains.

It runs more passenger trains and finer coaches
between St. Louis and Kansas City than an}^ other
road, and the volume of its freight traffic between
the above mentioned emporiums of the State of
Missouri is vastly' greater than any other line. It
has contributed in a marked and wonderful degree
toward the building up of the various cities along
its numerous lines. Kansas City has felt its influ-
ence more than that of anj' other road centering
there, largely on account of its lines that lead into
the heart of the coal, iron and granite fields of
Missouri, and the extensive timber districts of Ar-
kansas, and by its connecting lines with the exten-
sive and growing cattle interests of Texas and the
Southwest.

It gives to its numerous and rapidly increasing
patronage in Nebraska and Kansas unsurpassed
facilities for reaching the great health reports of
Arkansas and Texas, over its line from Omaha to
St. Louis, about 500 miles in extent. It runs the
finest trains between these two cities passing through
Weeping Water, where connection is made with the
line from Lincoln, the State capital, thence to
Nebraska City and Falls City, in Nebraska, and St
Joseph, Atchison and Leavenworth, before reaching
Kansas Cit}'. The length of its main line and
branches in Nebraska is over 322 miles, its northern
terminus being Omaha, where connections are made
with all the roads centering in that metropolis.

The line from Omaha to Falls City is 115 miles,
the Crete branch 58 miles, Lincoln to Auburn 76
miles, Warwick to Prosser and Hastings 73 miles.
A'arious extensions and diversions are constantly
being made in Nebraska.

Thus it will be seen that this road already taps
the two leading cities in the State, Omaha and Lin-
coln, besides Nebraska City, rapidlj- growing into
importance, and likewise Hastings. Its mileage in

Kansas is 2,707 miles, in Colorado 151 miles, and
the total mileage of the Missouri Pacific System is
4,994 miles.

Hence the reader will readily observe that this
great railway system is one of the most important
which traverses the several important and growing
States west of the Mississippi River. On account
of its extensive mileage and the ramification of the
system, it is destined to promote in a large degree
the development of the material interestsof the
country through which it passes.

The Burlington & Missouri River Railroad in
Kansas.

!)HIS important road was commenced at
\UVV£))))J jP'^^ttsmouth, Neb., where it connected with
^^^ the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad
in 1869, and the main line of the road was ex-
tended westward to Kearney. Subsequently the
Denver extension was finished; this line was short-
ened by the construction of the line from Kenne-
saw to Oxford; by the acquirement of the Omaha
& Southwestern Railroad, the Atchison & Nebraska
Railroad, the building of the short line from
Omaha to Ashland, and the extension to Cheyenne,
Wyo., which gives the road a short line between
the Missouri River points and Denver it Cheyenne.
At Omaha connections are made with the roads
centering there. The number of miles of road in
Nebraska is 2,120.30. The road is ballasted with
stone, gravel, cinders and earth. 1,600.08 miles
are laid with steel rails, the rest being laid with
iron. The total mileage in the Burlington 'system
West of the Missouri River is 2,778.78 miles.

M>1 .

Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific.

=*HIS is the last important trunk line to enter
the South Platte Country. It enters the
State of Nebraska at Berwick, and runs in
a north and westerly direction to Fairbury and
Nelson. At Fairbury the road branches and con-
nects with the main line for Denver, thus o-ivino-
the Southern part of the State another direct com-
munication with the great lumber and other inter-
ests of Chicago and Kansas City, and thejgreat
lake and seaboard marts of trade.

J^^lZZj^^^^^^^^^^Z-^-^^^^.^-^

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

155

■^-^^3-e

PERRY HUTCHIN-
SON. This gentleman is
tiie most widely known
citizen of ilarshall
Count}', of which he h.is
been a resident for thii-ty
years. He is a native of New York
.State, born in Chautauqua Count}',
Dec. 2, 183L His ancestors were
from Connecticut, his great grand-
father, Samuel Hutchinson, having
been a resident of Hebron, in that
State, where his grandfather, Enoch
Hutchinson, was born Dec. 8, 17G6.
He died Nov. 30, 1856, in the nine-
tieth year of his age. The maternal great-grand-
father of Perry Hutcliinsou, was David Townsend, a
resident of Andover, Conn., whose daughter, Bet-
sey, married Enoch Hutchinson. She was born
March 1, 1771, and died Sept. 29, 1848, in the
seventy -eighth year of her age.

Calvin, a son of Enoch and Betsey Ilutcliinson
was the father of our subject. He was born in Con-
necticut Dec. 9, 1800, but later removed to Chau-
tauqua County, N.Y., and there passed the remainder
of his days on a farm. He was a plain man, wlio
never took any prominent part in public affairs,

but was looked upon as an upright and good citizen.
He was a strict member of the Presbyterian Churcli,
in which for many years he had been a Deacon.
Accompanied by bis wife, he twice came to Kan-
sas to visit his sons, the mother making her last
visit in 1876, but neither ever desired to settle here,
preferring their Eastern home. The father died
Dec. 25, 1879, in the eightieth year of his age.

Calvin Hutchinson was married, Nov. 7, 1824,
in the town of Porafret, N. Y. to Sophia Perry,
who was born in Madison, Madison Co., N. Y.
April 25, 1803. On this side the stock is also of
old Connecticut origin, the parents of Mrs. Hutch-
inson, both having been natives of that State. Her
father, Benjamin Perry, was born at Windham,
April 18, 1779, and he also emigrated to New
York State, settling in the town of Pomfret, Chau-
tauqua County, in 1807. He died in Arkwright,
in that county, Dec. 28, 1848, in his seventietli
year. In 1799, at the age of twenty he married
Catherine Sloan, who was born in Hartford, Conn.,
Oct. 6, 1780, and died Sept. 27, 1856, aged seventy-
six years. She had resided for nearly fifty years
upon the land purchased by her husband, when
they removed to New York. Benjamin Perry was
a cousin of the hero of Lake Erie — Commodore
Perry — and was himself a colonel in the army dur-

156

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

the War of I8l2. Sophia (Perry) Hutehinson,
died at the famil_y home in Chautauqua County,
N. Y.,Sept. 7, 1886, aged eight\'-three years and
five months.

Calvin and Sophia Hutcliinson ^ye^e the parents
of eight children, of whom we give the complete
record as follows : George, the eldest, was born
Feb. 21, 1826, and was married Feb. 25, 1852, to
Margaret Ann Van Vleck, of Pomfret, N. Y., and
is now living on the home farm in Chautauqua
County ;'their children are, Alfred, Clarence, Clara
Jane, Mary Lutitia, AValter Tunis and Minnie
Sophia. The second child of Calvin was Alfred,
who was born Jan. 27, 1828. He went to Cali-
fornia in the early days of the gold fever, but was
taken sick there, and returning home, died Feb. 25.
1851 ; he was unmarried. The next was Calvin
Perry, who was born Feb. 15. 1830, and died Feb.
25', 1831. Then came Perry, and after him, Walter
H., born April 23, 183i, who was married .Jan. 30,
1856 to Ann Eliza Gates, daughter of Phineas and
Eliza Gates. He entered the Union armj' during the
Civil War, enlisting in August, 1862 at Cedar Rap-
ids, Iowa, and dying Nov. 1 4, 1 862, of typhoid fever
at Neosho, Mo. ; he was buried at Ft. Scott, Kan.
He left two children — George L. and Effle Sophie.
The sixth child was Harriet, who was born Sept.
25, 1842, and was married March 30, 1870. to
INIanley J. Tooke, a farmer of Sheridan, N. Y., where
they live. Delia was the seventh child, and was
born Dec. 8, 1844, and married May 17. 1865 to
Fletcher E. Rork, who died in 1870. She is now
the wife of L. L. Augustus, a farmer of Perr}-,
Ohio. The 3'oungest of this family is Edward, of
whom a sketch is given elsewhere in this work.
Perry Hutchinson, the subject of this sketch,
spent his early life on the home farm in Chautau-
qua Count}', N. Y., and when about twentj'-one
yeai-s old went to Wisconsin, where, however, he
stayed but one year, going from there to Iowa,
where he built a mill and operated a farm for four
years. During his residence in that State he made
a large sum of money in his mill and real-estate
speculations, but the rascalit}- of his partner strip-
ped him of every cent and left him to begin the
world afresh. His partner rah away after giving
companj' notes to a large amount, and Mr. Hutchin-

son to satisfy them gave up to his creditors every

thing of which he was possessed. A brother fitted
him out with a team and a few household utensils
and he made his way to Kansas, arriving in this
countj' Oct. 1, 1859. He took up a preemption
claim, seven miles east of the site of the present
cit}' of Marysville, and with the pluck and energy
characteristic of the man made a new start. The
first winter was a hard struggle with poverty, but
he found work at husking corn, receiving one
bushel out of each fift}', and in that way managed
to keep the wolf from the door. He lived on his
claim until 1861, and during that time took a part}'
across the plains to Denver. There he took up a
mining claim, and was rich and poor by turns,
having both good and bad fortune. During his
absence his wife kept a boarding-house and took care
of her young children, and much of his subsequent
success in life is due to her capacity and admirable
management.

On returning to Kansas, Mr. Hutchinson pro-
cured backing and removed to Marj'sville, where
he kept a hotel for sixteen months with considerable
success. Selling out his hotel business, and the
war being then in progress, he raised a company of
volunteers and entered the service in July, 1862,
as Captain of Company E., 13th' Kansas Infantry.
He was engaged with his company in the battle of
Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, the taking of VanBuren,
and at Ft. Smith, all in Arkansas.

Before entering the arm)- Mr. Hutchinson had
bought the eighty acres on which he now resides,
and the mill-site, and had begun the building of a
dam across the Big Blue, but he left everything on
enlisting. After a service of over a year he re-
signed and coming back finished his dam, and
built his mill on the east side of the river and be-
gan operations in November, 1864. Since then his
career has been one of uninterrupted prosjjerity.
In 1867 he built his present, mill on the west side
of the river, but it has since been remodeled, and in
1881 he took out all of the old machinery, greatly
enlarging the mill and introduced the most modern
roller-process, increasing the capacit}' from 125 to
275 barrels per day. The mill turns out a superior
quality of flour, which has a great reputation over
a wide extent of territorry, and is known under the

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

name of "Perry Hutchinson's Best." In addition
he turns out large quantities of corn-meal, feed and
all other kinds of mill products. This mill is a
large factor in the prosperity not only of Marshall
County, bat all this region, affording as it does a
ready cash market for all the spring wheat raised in
this section of the country.

Mr. Hutchinson does not confine his business op-
erations to milling. In connection therewith he
feeds a large number of cattle, having bought land
until he has now around his mill property 600 acres
and on the south of Mar3'sville owns 320 acres
more, adjoining the corporation. On this land he
feeds and sells annually about 250 to 300 head of
cattle, although he has run as high as 700 head in
one year. He has also been connected witli many
other enterprises. In fact, no project having in
view the material prosperity of the county fails to
receive his hearty support. He was one of tlie
organizers of the First National Bank of Marys-
ville, when it was changed in 1882 from the old
Marshall County Bank operating under a State
charter. Ever since he has been a Director, and
is now Vice-President.

December 19, 1855, in Fredonia, N. Y., Mr.
Hutchinson was united in marriage with Miss Lydia
Jenette Barber, daughter of Champlin and Mal-
ancy (Green) Barber both residents of Chautau-
qua County. Mrs. Hutchinson was born in that
county. May 18, 1837. Their union has been
blessed by the birth of four children. Frank born
Aug. 2, 1857, is a merchant and postmaster in the
cit)' of Beattie, this county, and has been twice
married, his first wife being Dorcas Carson, who
died about three years after their marriage leaving
no children. He subsequently married Emma
Brumbaugh. Delia Viola, born July 19, 1859,
died Feb. 15, 1865: Etta V., born Oct. 7, 1865,
was married Oct. 10, 1889 to Henry L. Boder a
banker of Troy, Kansas ; and Wallace Walter, born
Nov. 6, 1871, and still under the parental roof.

In 1879, Mr. Hutchinson was electeil Senator
from this district, serving his full term of four
years, and bringing to the discharge of his legisla-
tive duties the same qualities of good judgment
and clear foresight, which have characterized his
extensive business operations. He has never held

any other public position, except that of County
Commissioner, his large private interests demanding
his entire time and attention. In 1872 he erected
his beautiful residence, on a bluff overlooking the
city of Marysville, and close by his mill. It is a
large, elegant mansion, said to be the finest rural
home in Northern Kansas. Its erection cost over
$15,000. The building covers a ground area of
50x75 feet and is two stories high, with a mansard
roof surmounted by iron castings. The stories are
unusually high, being respectively, fourteen and
twelve feet, and the mansion presents an imposing-
exterior appearance, while the interior is corres-
])ondingly handsome.

Mr. Hutchinson belongs to the Masonic frater-
nity and is a member of Marysville Lodge No. 91,
A. F. & A. M. and of Marysville Chapter No. 29,
R. A. M.

This brief sketch of the history of Mr. Hutchin-
son would be incomplete without some reference to
the character and position in business and social
circles, of the man himself. Beginning life in Kan-
sas in poverty, and suffering under the reverses
which would have disheartened a man of less sturdy
mold, both bodily and mentally, he has by indomi-
table energy and rare good business qualities
raised himself to the foremost rank among the suc-
cessful business men of Northern Kansas. Nor is
his reputation confined to this locality. No man
is more widely known all over this part of the
West, and he has been prominently identified with
every enterprise tending to advance the growth
and prosperity of the county and section of the
country which has been his home for so many
3'ears. He is now one of the wealthiest men of
Northern Kansas, and his success is entirely due lo
his energy and good judgment, together with
a scrupulous uprightness in all his dealings, which
have gained for him the confidence and respect of
all with whom he has business transactions. In his
early struggles to obtain a start he was abl^- sec-
onded by his capable wife, and together they can
now look back with satisfaction on the results of
their days of trials and privations, and in their
beautiful home enjoy the luxuries which are the
legitimate fruit of their years of industry, good
management and upright living.

158

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

In politics, Mr. Hutcliinson is a standi Republi-
can. A fine lithographic portrait of this gentle-
man will be found on another page.

ENRY BRUCKER is the owner and occu-
|l) pant of a farm, pleasantly located on sec-
tion 26, Balderson Township. He is a
native of Lorraine, France, where he was
born Sept. 7, 1842, and where he grew to manhood.
At the age of twentj'-three he emigrated to the
United States, lauding at New York Cit^-. He went
direct to Lee County, 111., where he remained three
years. He then went to La Salle County, and sub-
sequently to Peoria County. He worked on the
turnpike roads, and also for a farmer in the latter
county for two years. In the spring of 1870 he
came to Kansas, and settled on the farm which he
now occupies. The land was then raw prairie. Now
the entire eighty acres are under thorough cultiva-
tion and well improved. Mr. Brucker first put up
a lumber shanty, which being destroyed bj^ a
storm, he replaced by a log house. Ten 3-ears ago
he built the frame house which he now occupies,
stable and corn-crib, and six years later the barn
was erected. He has a fine young orchard, con-
taining seventy -five apple-trees, together with pear,
apricot and cherry; an excellent vine3'ard, and
500 catalpa trees. Our subject devotes his at-
tention to farming, and keeps about a dozen head
of cattle, four horses and a score of hogs. The
great comfort of his present surroundings is due
to Ills own industr}', prudence and good judgment,
as he had nothing except his hands with which to
begin his battle of life.

The parents of our subject. Christian and Made-
leine (Vargich) Brucker, were natives of France,
the one having been born in Lorraine, and the
other in Alsace. They were married in Lorraine,
and spent their lives there. Mr. Brucker engaged
in farming. The father served as a home guard
under Napoleon. The mother died in 1848, but
the father survived until March 10, 1877, when he,
too, l)reathed his last, having attained the age of

eightj^-three years, eight months and twenty-four
days. The parental family consisted of four chil-
dren, of whom our subject was the third.

Mr. Brucker was married July 12, 1884, to Miss
Mena Meier, daughter of Fred and Kate (Frese)
Meier, natives of Germany. Mrs. Brucker is the
second in a family of three children, and was born
Jan. 17, 1864, in Lincoln Count}', Mo. She has
borne her husband three children, Mary Caroline,
August Edward and Frederick Phillip.

Mr. Brucker takes an active interest in politics,
voting the Democratic ticket, though formerly
attached to the Republican party. He has had
membership in the Grange Lodge. He occupies
the position of Treasurer in the School Board, an
office he has held for five years past. Both he
and his wife are members of the Lutheran Church.
Mr. Brucker is a man of intelligence and enter-
prise, an honorable and reliable citizen, and es-
teemed by the entire communitj\

-^^5^3-^

'SSj. ANIEL ^Y. GRISWOLD. Amid the green
ij ]jj hills of Vermont lived the family of the
(fi^^ subject of our sketch. His father. Nelson
— Griswold, was born in the township of

Berkshire, Franklin Co., Vt., July 8, 1810. His
mother was also a native of that State, having
been born in Hartland, Windsor Count}', in the
year 1808. Her maiden name was Adeline Webster.
After their marriage the young couple settled
in Castleton, Rutland Co., Vt., where they lived
but a short time before removing to Rutland.
Here they resided several j-ears, returning to Cas-
tleton for a short time. During these years Mr.
Griswold was engaged in farming. In October,
1849, becoming imbued with the gold fever, he
started for California, via the Isthmus of Panama,
leaving his wife and three children at Castleton.
He vvas absent about nine years, and engaged a
greater part of that time in mining. At the ex-
piration of this time, returning to his home, he
remained for seven 3'ears. In 1866 he again went
to California, spending a few months onlj'. Re-
turning again tu the East, he lived in different

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM,

159

places until the spring of 1870, when he settled in
Marshall County, Kan. Since that time he has
been a resident on section 12, Marysville Town-
ship. Mrs. Griswold died at Castleton, Vt.. in
1861, leaving three children, of whom our subject
was the eldest.

Our subject, Daniel W. Griswold, was born in
Rutland County, Vt., Sept. 8, 1841. He was reared
on a farm, remaining in his native State until the
age of twenty-one. He then followed liis father's
example, and bent his steps to the Pacific Slope,
staying some eight years in the State of Cali-
fornia, his chief occupation being lumbering. In
the fall of 1870 he came to this county, settling in
Marysville Township, where he has since that time
been engaged in farming, operating his father's
homestead. His father owns 160 acres of land,
on which are comfortable buildings and other
improvements.

On the 17th of September, 1874, Daniel W.
Griswold was married to Cynthia A. Carter, daugh-
ter of John Carter. She died Aug. 10, 1882, in
Marj'sville Township, having borne him four chil-
dren, three of whom survive her. Their names
are respectively : Cora M., George and John M.
piir subject was again married, in Mar3-sville
township, Sept. 24, 1883, to Louie M. House,
\^lio was a native of Racine County, Wis. By this
n^rriage they have one child, a son. Nelson.

In politics our subject is a member of the Union
Lai)or party. He exhibits all the sturdy virtues
whi\;h seem so peculiarly to belong to the natives
of tie Green Mountain State. His father is a hale
and "^earty man, nearly eighty years old, and a
stand adherent of the Republican pnrty.

(* )|iIltlAM CRANSTON,whose pleasant home
maj/l is\ocated on section 32, Center Township,
W^ is \he son of Caleb Cranston, who was
born in Rhc^e Island, he being a direct descend-
ant of RogeiWilliams; his mother was Algina Cole,
a native of Vew York. Shortly after marriage
they settled i\ Scioto County, Ohio, where they
resided until liil, when they removed to Keokuk

County, Iowa.' About twenty-four years after be-
coming residents of that county, Mrs. Cranston
took her departure from this world to a better one
on high. Their iamily comprised eleven children,
of whom our suliject was the eldest.

William Cranston is a native of Scioto County,
Ohio, where he was born MarcJi 27, 1837. He emi-
grated to Keokuk Count}-, fowa, in 1851, with his
father, and made that county his home, except for
a portion of the time, which he spent in Washing-
ton County, until 1881, when he removed to
Marshall County, Kan. Upon his arrival, being
pleased with the appearance of the countrjs he
bought 160 acres of fine land, located partly in
Center and partly in Wells Township. Following
the purchase of his farm, he began making im-
provements. By well-directed energy and wise
adaptation of means to ends, he quickly succeeded
in securing for himself a comfortable, commodious
dwelling, which, if not so elegant as some others
in the county, j-et shelters a contented, happy fam-
ily, well pleased with the blessings granted them
bj' the Giver of all good gifts, united in tender re-
gard for one another, and holding in affectionate
remembrance those of their number who have pre-
ceded them to the land bej'ond.

In the conduct of his farm Mr. Cranston has
shown sound, good sense. All his efforts directed
toward the betterment of his condition have been
ably seconded by his noble wife, a very superior
woman, to whom he was married in Keokuk
County, Iowa, May 1, 1860. The maiden name of
Mrs. Cranston was Elizabeth Disor. She is a
daughter of George and Rebecca (McDonald) Di-
sor, both natives of Virginia, where they were
reared to maturity, and upon arriving at a suit-
able age pledged their hearts and hands in the
indissoluble bonds of matrimon}'. Some time
after their marriage thej' removed to Ohio, and
subsequently to Washington County, Iowa. Shortly
before their death they changed their residence to
Keokuk County, where they bade farewell to the
scenes of earth and removed to their final home
on the shores of Eternity. Mrs. Cranston is the
second in a family of seven cliildren. She was
born in Old Virginia, Feb. 2, 1841, and accom-
panied her parents in their migrations, remaining

160

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

with them until she departed to reign as queen of
the heart and home of her husband. She. is a good
neighbor, amiable and generous in her disposition,
faithful in all the relations of life, an affectionate,
intelligent companion to her busliand. and a model
for her children to pattern after.

Mr. and Mrs. Cranston are the parents of six
children, of whom those living are: Mary E., who
is the wife of George Adams; Rebecca A. is- the
wife of Joseph Adams; Laura I. and Florence A.
Two other little ones grew weary of life almost
before tiiey rightly began to live, and were car-
ried from the arms of the loving parents, who
would fain have detained them, up to the bosom
of their Heavenly Father, where they will be shel-
tered from every ill for all eternity-.

During the earlier years of his life Mr. Cranston
was employed in a woolen mill, which was at that
time a more remunerative occupation than farm-
ing, but he also looked after his farming interests,
and eventually gave it his exclusive attention when
its superior profitableness was assured. His con-
nection with the woolen industry was begun in
Ohio, and continued in Iowa. In every depart-
ment of life in which it has been his lot to be en-
gaged, whether of a business or social nature, it
can be truthfully said of him, that he has baen
found faithful. In the exercise of his right of
suffrage he casts his ballot with the Republican
party, but would not hesitate to vote for the oppo-
sition if he deemed the best interests of the times
demanded it. Mr. and Mrs. Cranston are repre-
sentative and earnest members of the Christian
Church, and are widel}^ known for their generous
benevolence and sincere Christian lives.

;RANK STOEIIR. Among the many enter-
prising foreigners to whom Marshall
County owes so much of its development,
is the above named gentleman, who occupies a fine
farm of 2-iO acres, situated on section 1.5, Logan
Township. He was "born in Bj'ron, Germany,
in which country he was reared, receiving a thor-
ough education under the compulsory laws of that

emi)irp. His parents, .Mathcw and Mar\' (Swibrie-
ger) Stoehr. were born, reared, married, roared a
family- of seven children and died in the German
Empire. Tliey were members of the Catholic
Church, as were their ancestors so far as known.
Our subject left nis native land for tiie United
States in 18.57. taking passage on the old sail-ship
'• Moskonoma," and after a voy.age of sixty-six
daj's, landed at Xew York, Sept. 14. There he
clerked in the store of his uncle, .Joseph Shouley,
about three years, thence coming direct to Illinois
in 1860.

After the breaking out of the Civil War, he, in
common with many hundreds of his countrymen,
felt the desire to assist in the preservation of his
adopted country, and in August, 1862, enlisted,
being enrolled in La Salle County, as a member of
Companj' G, 57th Illinois Infantry. He served
faithfully and gallantly until the close of the war.
Among the most noted engagements in which he took
part were Corinth, Altoona, Jacksonville. Columbus,
Resaca, Kingston, Chattanooga, Stone River, and
many others, and he also took part in the march to
the sea under the gallant Gen. Sherman. He was
one of the fortunate in these many conflicts, receiv-
ing but a flesh wound which was not sufficient to
disable him. After taking part in the Grand Re-
view at Washington, he went to Springfield, III,
where he received an honorable discharge aid
thence returned to his home in La Salle County.
There he married Mary Piergue, a native of
Muhlbach, Transylvania. She was born ,\ine
6, 1846, a daughter of Lawrence and Mary (itru-
ble) Piergue. Mr. Stoehr and wife rtsided
in Illinois for seven years after their marriace, and
thence removed to this State, where he bou/ht 160
acres of open prairie, which comprises a pat of his
present highly improved farm. Their farily con-
sisted of the following children : Mary, wie of Au-
gust Fislier; Lena, wife of John Pauls; osephine,
Frank, Martha. Lawrence, Henry, Anna Flora and
Edith, living; and Elizabeth and an infant de-
ceased.

Mrs. Stoehr is the daugiiter of Iiwrence and
Mary (Struble) Piergue, who came fom France to
America in the fall of 1847. Tliy were on the
ocean ninety days, a part of the tiJe being lost in

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

161

a storin. The3' lauderl at New York and thence
came directly to La Salle County, 111., where the
father was engaged in the bakerj"^ business many
years. The family consisted of six children, of
whom five are still living. The father was for
many 3-ears a soldier in the French army. He
died in La Salle Countj-, 111., 'where the mother
still lives, making her home with her son in Ottawa.
She is a member of the Catliolic Church, in which
faith her husband died.

Our subject and his family are members of the
Catholic Church. He belongs to Lyon Post, No.
9, Cr.A.R., at Mar3'sville. He is a man of worth in
the community, active, honorable, intelligent and
hospitable, and enjoys the respect of his fellow-
citizens. Politically he is a stanch Republican.

(* l|INFIELD M. NEEL. The men who care
\/sJ/' ^^^ most for outside show, are not those
y^/sfi who can alwnys be depended upon as pos-
\ sessing those solid and substantial traits of charae-
\ter most needed in the building up of a community'.
W quiet and law-abiding citizen, Mr. Neel lives in
i modest homestead on sertion 13, in Logan Town-
ship, where he has a well-tilled farm and sufHciejit
o\ this world's goods for all the ordinary comforts
omife. He is the offspring of a substantial ances-
try, and was born in Fayette Count^', Pa., Oct. 1,
18o2.

Vkxen our subject was but an infant, his parents,
Sann^l and Martha L. (Yarnell) Neel, decided
upon\ change of location, and accordinglj' gather-
ing together their household goods, made their w.a}'
to Switierlaud County. Ind.. where thej' sojourned
for a p&iod of nine years. Their next removal
was to Njwport, Ky., and later they took up tbeir
residencetn Hancock County, 111., where our sub-
ject was riared to man's estate. There also he was
married Oit. 15, 1874, to Miss Huldah. daughter
of David aWl Harriet (Cole) Simmons. This lad}'
was born inVthens County, Ohio, and the newly
wedded pair Wde tlieir home in Hancock County,
III., until 187\ That year our subject came to
this county, aiil in 1880 he purchased his present

farm of eighty acres, which occupies the southeast
quarter of section 13. He put up the dwelling and
otiier buildings, has most of the land fenced, and
an orchard of apple-trees, together with grapes
and the smaller fruits. The land is highly product-
ive, and yields to the hand of industry a generous
income.

Tiie four cliildren born to our subject and his
estimable wife were named respectively Harriet,
Nellie, Yrank and Martin. Although not a member
of any church, Mr. Neel believes in the maintenance
of religious institutions, and is a teacher in the
Sabbath-school at Herkimer. His parents preceded
him to this State, and the f.ither died in Marysville
Township, in October, 1880. The mother is still
living. Their family consisted of four children,
of whom Winfield M. was the youngest. Samuel
Neel was a native of York County, Pa., while his
estimable wife was born in Lancaster County, that
State. The parents of Mrs. Neel were natives of
Ohio, where her grandfather, Simmons, died. The
grandmother later removed to Illinois, and died at
the home of her son, the father of Mrs. Neel. The
latter came to Illinois during its earliest settlement,
and is still living in Hancock County. His wife
died there. On her mother's side, the gr.andfather
of Mrs. Neel, Samuel Cole, died in Hancock County,
111., when well advanced in years. Grandmother
Cole died in Ohio.

RA F. MCMILLAN, Superintendent of the
Marshall County Poor Farm, is a youno- man
well dowered with firmness, activity and sao-a-
cious enterprise, which traits have already secured
him an honorable position among the leadino- agri-
culturists of this vicinitj', and amplj' qualifjr him
for the responsible office that he is filling so satis-
factorily to all concerned.

Our subject is a native of New York, Sept. 10,
1856, being the date of his birth. His parents
were likewise natives of the Empire State, his
father, Ebenezer J. McMillan, born Dec. 2, 1 825
and his mother, Frances (McDonald) McMillan,
born in the year 1827, her death occurring Jan. 31,

162

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

1889. They spent many years of their weddc'd
life in the State of their nativity, but in 1867 they
came as far west as Illinois with their family, and
for a few years were residents of McHenry County,
that State. In 1878 they once more took up the
westward march, and came to Kansas to live, where
the mother died, as above stated. The father
makes his home with the subject of this sketch.

The subject of this brief biographical review
was the second of six children, and his earlj' years
were spent on his father's farm, where he gained
good practical knowledge of agriculture in- all its
branches. He received the preliminaries of his
education in the local public schools, and further
fitted liimself for the duties of life by pursuing a
good course of studj' one winter at Spring Arbor,
Mich. As soon as old enough to decide on a vo-
cation, he adopted the calling to which he had been
bred, as the one most suited to his tastes, and the
success that he has achieved proves the wisdom of
his decision. In 1877 and 1878 he abandoned agri-
culture for awhile, and engaged in the mercantile
business in Illinois. In 1884 he and his wife went
to Oregon for one season, but, not caring to settle
there, they returned to Marshall County, where
thej' have ever since remained. March 1, 1888, he
look charge of the Marshall County Poor Farm,
which comprises 640 acres of arable land, 300 acres
of which are under good cultivation, and under the
admirable management of our subject yield abun-
dant harvests. The farm-ris well stocked with stock
of good grades, carrying seventy head of cattle,
sixteen horses, and forty hogs. As Superintendent
of this farm, Mr. McMillan is found to be the
right man in the right place, as under his super-
vision the farm is kept up to a high standard, and
ever3'thing is neat and orderly, the work teing
performed sj^stematically, and the poor people
under his care are treated with kindness, tempered
by firmness where needed, and they find in him a
true friend.

!Mr. McMillan was united in marriage to Miss
Belle Smith, March 2, 1881, and to them have
co;ne four children — Robert G., Mja-on L., Millard
J. and Sarah L. Mrs. McMillan is a daughter of
the late Thaddeus O. Smith, of Frankfort, Kan.,
who died in 1887. Her mother still lives, making

her home in Colorado. Mrs. McMillan was the
ninth in order of birth of ten children, and she
was born in Missouri, Feb. 1, 1864.

Mr. McMillan is a frank, open-hearted man, pos-
sessing ready tact and an obliging manner, which
have won him many friends. He has mingled in
yjublic life, and has proved an efficient civic official.
For two years he has served as Clerk of Elm Creek
Township. He is active and influential in politics,
and labors for the interests of the Republican
party.-

'■'♦-» i> « 5 >' 1I ' i S ■ s" «°*

^ I^ILLIAM H. COLGROVE. Among the
\rJ// substantial farmers who are carrying on
W^ the development of the agricultural dis-
tricts of this county, we may mention the subject
of our sketch, who owns and occupies a farm of
160 acres on section 11, Marysville Township. He
is the son of Andrew Colgrove, who was born in
Woodliall, Steuben Co., N. Y. His mother was
MissAlmira Baxter, a native of the same town.
Upon their marriage they settled in their native
place, afterward removing to Randolph County,
Ind., remaining there for several years. Thence
the}' removed to Ohio, and after several years resi-
dence in the Buckeye State, repaired to Florida,
Mo., where they remained about six 3'ears. Cross-
ing the Mississippi River into Pike County, 11,
they remained several years, and then spent f'jur
years in Bureau County, of the same State. 'Ihey
then removed to this county, where the fatherdied
in January, 1 883. The parental family consisted
of nine children, three of whom died in inancj'.
Those who grew to maturity were Mary M, C3'n-
thia L., James F., William H., Emma T., aid Ella
R. Mary is the wife of Randolph Robbs, Iving in
Gage County, Neb.; Cynthia became the wife of
John Bell, and died in Wilson County, ois State,
in 1885; James F. is a resident of Gaja County,
Neb.; Emma is the wife of Thomn Richards,
of the same countj^; Ella is the wife o' John With,
also of Gage County, Neb.

The subject of this sketch was bon near Roches-
ter, Ohio, April 11, 1858, coming vttli his parents
to this county. At the residence d the bride, in

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

163

Marysville Township, June 2, 1881, occurred his
marriage to Miss Martha M. Bigbam, daughter of
Andrew Bigham, whose biography will be found
on another page in this volnme. Mrs. Colgrove
was born in Ogle County, 111., Oct. 15, 1861. She
has borne her husband four children — Charles A.,
.Sylvia M., Addie G., and Erskine.

In addition to the cultivation of his farm, most
of wliich is now improved, Mr. Colgrove gives
considerable attention to corn shelling and wheat
threshing, possessing machinery of the latest and
most approved models for carrjdng on this indus-
try. In politics, Mr. Colgrove is a stanch Repub-
lican, never failing to cast his vote in the interest
of tliat party. He is an energetic and reliable citi-
zen, and gives his influence to the support of everj'
measure for the good of the community.

l|]_^ ENRY FARRAR. After the labors of a
rji long and well spent life, this gentleman has
■^)^ wisely retired from active dut}', but retains
((^ possession of his old homestead, whicli is
located one mile southeast of the city of Beattie.
Near the city he owns ten acres of good ground
with a fine residence. His farm property consists of
960 acres, located in Guittard and Rock townships.
His career is a fine illustration of the self-made man,
who through his own industry and energy has
arisen from humble surroundings, to an enviable
position, socially and financially, among his fellow-
men. The habits which enforced economy taught
him in his boyhood, proved of great service to him
in his later years, and were, in fact, partially the
secret of his success.

A native of Yorkshire, England, onr subject was
born March 20, 1815, and when a little lad of five
years set out with his parents in April, 1820, for
America. They landed in Dearborn County, Ind.,
where his father, Jonathan Farrar, purchased a
tract of wild land and commenced building up a
farm from the wilderness. Not being satisfied
with his progress financially, the father shortly
afterward, leaving Indiana with his little family,
emigrated to Cincinnati, Ohio. Here also he only

sojourned briefly, removing tlienee to Columbus,
and later to Madison County, Ohio. There our
subject spent his years from the age of twelve un-
til reaching his majority, in the meantime acquir-
ing a practical education in the common school.
He remained under the parental roof until his mar-
ri.age, which occurred in 1837, the bride being
Miss Malinda Chenoweth. Afterward he em-
ployed himself in farming pursuits in Madison
County, until his removal to Marshall County,
Kan.

There were born to our subject and his estima-
ble wife ten children, seven of whom' are living.
The eldest, a daughter, Mary Jane, is now the wife
of Owen Thomas, a farmer of Guittard Township,
Horatio N. is a resident of Murray Township;
Thomas J. lives in Rock Township, and Jonathan
in Noble Township. Margaret is the wife of J. D.
Crooks, and with her sister, Is.abel (Mrs. F. M.
Durkee) resides in Guittard Township; William is
a resident of Oketo. The wife and mother died
in Madison County, Ohio, about 1856.

Mr. Farrar continued a resident of the Buckeye
State until 1874, in the meantime becoming the
owner of about 600 acres of land, near London,
the county seat. There as here, he was prominent
in local affairs, serving five years as Assessor and
Treasurer of his school district and occupying fre-
quentlj^ other positions of trust and responsibility.
A part of his land had been cleared at the time of
purchase and the balance he cleared himself. He
built up a fine homestead upon which he lived until
resolving to seek the farther West.

Our subject was married a second time, Sept.
30, 1858, to Mrs. Rachacl (Gregg) Seal and of tjjis
union there were born two children : Romeo, who
operates a farm on section 36 in Guittard Town-
ship, and Spurgeon, who remains at home with his
parents. Mrs. Farrar was born in Belmont, Ohio,
Sept. 10, 1830, and is the daughter of .Jesse and
Catherine (Daniels) Gregg, the former of whom
was a tailor by trade and also the owner of a farm.
They lived in Belmont until their daughter Rachael
was a young lady of eigbteen 3'ears, and then re-
moved to Madison County, where she was married
to John W. Seal and became the mother of one
child, Eva. The latter is now married to John

164

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Warner, of Guittard Township, this county. Mr.
Seal died in Madison County, Ohio, about 1855.

In 1874 Mr. Farrar, leaving the Buclveye State,
came to this county and settled upon the land
which he had purchased the year before. It was
in its primitive condition, and his first business
was the erection of a dwelling, which he and his
family occupied until able to abandon it for a
more modern residence. The story of his labors
is similar to that of the other persevering and en-
terprising men around him, and the result of these
labors much the same, illustrating in a marked de-
gree the results of energy and perseverance. The
farm is now largely devoted to the raising of grain
and stock and is the source of a reasonable income.
Besides this property Mr. Farrar was the owner of
two sections, which he has divided among his chil-
dren. He lived on the farm until April, 1880,
then put up his present fine residence. He is a
man liberal and public-spirited, taking a genuine
interest in the prosperity of bis adopted county,
and uniformly supports tiie principles of the Re-
publican party.

\i^^RED BRUCKER. Many of the men who
[i=^gi are now quietly located in the rural dis-
til, tricts, have seen much of life, and been
over a goodly portion of the world. The subject
of this notice, who is pursuing the peaceful occu-
pation of a farmer on section 4, Balderson Town-
ship, was born in what was then the Province of
Alsace, France, Nov. 6, 1838. He was the fiflli
child of his parents. Christian and Lena (Beriseh)
Brucker, further mention of whom will be found in
the sketch of Henry Brucker, on another page in
this volume.

Our subject attended the common schools of his
native place, where he was reared to manhood, and
served an apprenticeship at the trade of blacksmith,
which he followed four years. He then entered
the French army as a member of the 87th Infantrj-,
in which he served two years, going with it into
Africa, and fighting two battles, the first near Al-
giers, close to the desert of Sahara. The second

was sixty miles north of the desert, and the French
army was victorious in both instances. It is doubt-
ful if ever in the history of that army there was
greater bravery displayed in the conduct of its offi-
cers and men. They endured much suffering upon
the burning sands of an alien soil, but thej^ were
inspired bj- loft^^ ambition, and thus accomplished
their purpose. Young Brucker bravely endured
the vicissitudes of war with his comrades, and was
ever to be found at his post. Later, for four j'ears
he served on garrison duty in France. Finally he
received his honoral)le discharge, and returning
home to his native Province, followed his trade
there one j'ear.

In 186G Mr. Brucker set out for America, board-
ing a sailing-vessel at Havre, which, after a voj'age
of two weeks, landed him safely in New York
City. Thence he proceeded to Lee County, 111.,
of which he was a resident three years. In 18G9
he came to this county, and here he has since made
his liome. He was married in Gage Countj', Neb.,
March 4, 1871, to Miss Emma, daughter of Lud-
wig and Minnie (Heiss) Zimmerman, who were
natives of Prussia. The father of Mrs. Brucker
dep.arted this life April 3, 1889, in Gage County,
Neb. The mother is still living, being now seventy-
five years of age, and makes her home inNcliraska.
The parental family included five children, of
whom Mrs. Brucker was the fourth in order of
birth. She was a native of the same Province in
Prussia as her i)arents, and born June 6, 1851.

To our subject and his estimable wife there have
been born eight children, viz. : William C, Mary
L., Albert J., Emma A., Augusta, Minnie C, Fred-
erick II., and Ludwig O. Mr. and Mrs. Brucker
were carefully reared in the doctrines of the Lulli-
eran Church, to which they still loyallj' adhere.
The real estate possessions of Mr. Brucker com-
prise 240 acres of prime land, all of which has been
brought to a good state of cultivation. He has
two houses with their adjacent buildings, and makes
a specialty of stock-raising, keeping usually about
twenty head of cattle, a number of horses, and
sixty head of swino. After becoming a voting
citizen, Mr. Brucker identified himself witii the
Repul)lican ))arty, but later wheeled over into the
ranks of the Democracy. He is a wide-awake and

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

165

enterprising citizen, and talces an especial interest
in the education of his children. "Little Fred
Briicker," as he is familiarly known, is a universal
favorite, ever ready to oblige a friend, and very
slow in making enemies. Progressive and intelli-
gent, he has become thoroughly identified with the
institutions of his adopted country, and stands sec-
ond to none among those who have been foremost
in developing the resources of this part of the
county.

:Si *ILLIAM BELL. One of the most beauti-
\jqJ// tal farms in Guittard Township belongs to
W^J the subject of this notice. It is finely lo-
cated on section 34, and emliraees 320 acres of
land, which, at the time Mr. Bell settled upon it,
nine years ago, was only partially' improved. It
has now been brought to a fine state of cultivation,
and embellished with good buildings, which, to-
getlier with the live stock, machiner3' and modern
appurtenances, presents one of the finest estates in
this region. The proprietor is one of the most
siilistantial citizens of this part of the county, a
man who is looked up to in his community, and wlio
has been largely instrumental in forwarding tlie
various enterprises set on foot for tiie gcneml good
of the people. Industrious, economical andtiirifty,
he pi-esents an example worthy of emulation.

Mr. Bell was born in Madison County, Ohio,
March 5, 1828, and there spent the early years of
his life until reaching man's estate. He was mar-
ried Sept. 11, 1855, to Miss Margaret Amos, a na-
tive of his own county, and carried on farming in
the Buckeye State until the spring of 1880. He
then decided upon a ('hange of location, and com-
ing to this county, purchased the farm which lie
now owns and occupies, in the fall of the year, tak-
ing possession in March, 1881. While a resident
of his native county, he was for the long period of
twenty years. Clerk of Oak Run Township, and
before leaving, in 1880, was the appraiser of tlie
land subjected to revaluation for taxation. He
cast his first Presidential vote for Win field Scott,
and is a stanch supporter of Democratic principles.

To our subject and his excellent wife there were
born seven children, only five of whom are living:
Martha J., the eldest, is the wife of H. Jones, of
Beattie; Joseph W., Lizzie A., Frank J. and Benja-
min M. are at homewith their parents. Mrs. Margaret
( Amo3)Bell was born Seiit. 21,1829,and is the daugh-
ter of Robert C. and Elizabeth (Wilson) Amos, who
were natives of Maryland, and who after their mar-
riage removed, about 1822, to Madison County,
Ohio, where their daughter, Margaret, was born.
To Mr. and Mrs. Amos there were born eight chil-
dren, only two of whom lived to mature years,
these being both daughters, Elizabeth married
Joseph Bell, a brother of our subject, who contin-
ues a resident of Madison County, Ohio. Mrs.
Elizabeth Amos died when comparatively a young
woman, in September, 1842. Mr. Amos survived
his first wife eighteen years, his death taking place
in 1860.

James D. Bell, the father of our subject, was a
native of Virginia and born in 1802. When a lad
of six years his parents removed to Ross Connty,
Ohio, where he developed into manhood, and niar-
ried Miss Elizabetli Dewey, of Carlisle, Cumber-
land Co., Pa. After their marriage, they settled
upon a farm in Madison County, Ohio, and reared
a family of seven childien. Both died in 1843,
the father Jan. 1. and the mother March 27. They
were excellent i)eople, and members in good stand-
ing of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

#-#

DWARI

E farmers
operate

\'jp^ DWARD CAIN, one of the most extensive
rs of Guittard Township, owns and
operates 440 acres on section 17. Through
his careful cultivation of the soil, and his excellent
management, tjiis farm has obtained the reputation
of being one of the most valuable and productive
throughout this region. A pioneer of Marshall
Connty, Mr. Cain came within its limits as early as
1859, in company with Mr. Fitzgerald, but did not
settle here at that time, although he purchased 160
acres of land. He and Mr. Fitzgerald returned to
the county in 1865, our subject tjjen bringing with
him his family, and he has since here sojourned.

166

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

The fii'st dwelling of our subject, after his ar-
rival in the far AVest, was a small log house. After
starting out for himself, he was employed as a deck
hand and watchman on the Missouri River, from
St. Josepli to Kansas City, and while thus employed,
saved his earnings in order to invest in land. Most
of this time he was on the "Major" and the "Emily,"
and he was mostly under one captain and one
mate. AVhen commencing the improvement of his
land, he labored early and late to bring the soil to
a state of cultivation, and in making fences, put-
ting up buildings, and setting out fruit and shade
trees. In the meantime he assisted in the organiza-
tion of the township and school districts, and dis-
charged the duties of most of the local offices of
the township. The present year (1889), he har-
vested about eightj- acres of corn, twenty acres of
millet, and eighteen acres of oats. He was one of
the six or eight persons instrumental in the organ-
ization of the Catholic Church, at Beattie, mention
of which is made in the sketch of Father Schmick-
ler, which will be found elsewhere in this volume.
He assisted bj' his money and labor, in the erection
of the church edifice, and has been one of its most
efficient members. He and Mr. Fitzgerald trans-
ported nearlj' all of the material required, from the
depot to the building site, and he has naturall}'
taken a warm interest in the prosperity and ad-
vancemeut of the societj'.

Mr. Cain was born in Countj' MSath, Ireland, in
1826, and lived there until a man of twenty-six
years. Upon coming to America, he settled first
in Massachusetts, where he spent five years, then in
18.57, removed to Illinois, and from there to Lea-
venworth, Kan., in the spring of 1858. He was
married, Dec. 22, 1861, at Atchison, Kan., to Miss
Johanna Fitzgerald, and they lived there until
coming to this countj'. The five children born of
this union, are all living, namel}^ : Patrick, James,
Mary, John, and Peter. With the exception of
the eldest, who is learning telegraphy, they are all
at home with their parents, and are being given the
advantages of a modern education. The second
son, James, is farming on his own account, having
seventy-five acres of corn, and twenty-five acres of
flax. Mr. Cain has distinguished himself as a suc-
cessful stock-raiser, having about 100 head of cat-

tle, and fifteen head of horses, besides numbers of
swine. From this industry alone he realizes a
handsome income. The enforced economy of his
younger years, though severe at the time, proved
an excellent schooling, and has been of inestim.able
value, constraining him to live within his income,
and adjust his wants in proportion to his means.
This has been the secret of his success, and enabled
him to lay aside -something for. a rain3- day.

Mrs. Cain was born in Count}^ Limerick, Ire-
land, about 1832, and when coming to the United
States with her parents, settled first in Baltimore.
Thence they removed to Chicago, and finally to
this county, where the young people formed tlie
acquaintance which resulted in their union for life.

f^RED BRUCKER.

Pleasantly located on
section 26, Balderson Township, is a quar-
1^ ter section of land which comprises the
home of our subject. His father was Philip
Brucker, a French farmer, and his mother Lena
OUenbaugh, also a native of France, where thej-
remained during their lives. They wei'e married
in 1827. The mother died on the 1st of January,
1842, the father surviving until March, 1865.
They had a family of four children, of whom our
subject was the youngest. His birth took place
Jan. 1, 1842, in the south of France, where he
grew to manhood. In 1862 he came to America,
landing at New York, whence he went direct to Lee
County, 111., where he lived six j-ears. He then in
1868 came to Kansas, settling in this count}'. In
1871 was celebrated his marriage to Marj- Stallen-
work an estimable j"Oung lady. To them have
been born five children — Mathew, Minnie, Lena.
Annie, and Philip, (deceased).

Mrs. Brucker is the eldest of her parents' chil-
dren, five of whom are now living. She was born
in Prussia in 1853, her parents Mathew and Theresa
Stallenwork, emigrating to this countrj' the follow-
ing year, and in 1867 removing to Kansas. She
is a consistent member of the Catholic Church.

Mr. Brucker takes an active interest in politics

'J'nW^

L^L^Uf

/^. /^^^-z^^

tofeTRAlT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

169

and is a strong adherent of the principles of the
Republican party, never failing to cast liis vote in
its interest. He is a member of the Lutheran
Church and has been Secretary of that body. The
160 acres of land, which he now owns and occupies,
was raw prairie, when he came here. Now, 100
acres are in a high state of cultivation and pro-
ductiveness, there are five acres of orchard, and
many improvements, including house, barns, and
other buildings, all added by himself. He is car-
rying on his agricultviral work very successfully,
and in addition to the production of grains, raises
everj' year some cattle and some horses, and keeps
about fortj' head of hogs. He is an independent,
enterprising man, a good citizen, entitled to and
receiving the respect and esteem of his neighbors
and fellow citizens.

^ ^^ ^

(OHN W. MEANS. The phenomenal growth
and development of Marshall County,
has been solely due to the men who first
(^//' established themselves within its borders,
and who steadily adhered to their original purpose
of making it a permanent abiding place. Avoid-
ing the fate of the " rolling stone which gathers no
moss," Mr. Means has proved one of the brightest
examples of enterprise and perseverance within its
limits. His large and well cultivated farm, embracing
nearly 400 acres of valuable land, and the buildings
which he has erected upon it, are sufficient indica-
tion of the spirit of progress and the resolute will
which have characterized his labors. He has one
of the best residences in the township — -a neat,
commodious and tasteful structure, replete with
modern conveniences and furnished in good style.
Tiie outbuildings and farm machinery are what
would reasonably be expected from a man of Lis
calibre. He makes a specialty of stock-raising,
chiefly Norman and Percheron horses, and in addi-
tion to his other interests, handles harvest ma-
chinery to quite an extent.

Our subject was the eldest son of his parents,
and was born in Ray County, Mo., Dec. 6, 1835.
His father, James C. Means, was a native of Chris-

tian County, Ky., and married Miss Elvira Mc-
Williams, who was born in Illinois; when about
four years old she went with her parents, who set-
tled in Lexington County, Mo. After marriage
the father of our subject settled in Ray Countj',
and then removed to Buchanan County, where he
died in 1851. The mother is still living and makes
her home with our subject. The parental house-
hold consisted of twelve children; two died in in-
fancy, while six daughters and four sons grew to
maturity. Of these eight are now living.

The subject of this notice was about thirteen
years old when his parents took up their residence
in Buchanan County, Mo., where he lived until
twenty-one years of age, and was there married
on the 16th of December, 1856, to Miss Lucinda
F., daughter of William E. and Janira (McBride)
Riley. The parents of Mrs. Means were n.atives of
Kentucky, and were married in Boone Countj^, Mo.
Thence they removed to Callaway County, Mo.,
and from there in ] 843 to Buchanan County, of
which they remained residents for thirty ye.irs.
The mother died in 1872, and Mr. Riley afterward
came to this county, in 1879, settling in Elm
Creek Township, where he now resides.

To the parents of Mrs. Means there were born
fourteen children — ^seven sons and seven daugh-
ters — twelve of whom lived to mature years. Lu-
cinda F. was the third in oi'der of birth, and was
born in Boone County, Mo., Aug. 5, 1839. She
is now the mother of eleven children, the eldest of
whom, a daughter, Nancy E., is the wife of Charles
Bras, of Elm Creek Township; William E. married
Miss Emma Hunt, of Blue Rapids Township, and
tliey live in Marysville ; James W. marrried Essie
Hunt of Blue Rapids City; Nellie A., is the wife
of S. J. Frazier, of Vermillion; Sarah J. is tlie wife
uf L. H. Calkins, of Marysville; Eva B. married
Cliarles Ma3'or, of Elm Creek; Charles G., Benja-
min F., Edgar W., Edna F., and Lucy M. remain
at home with their parents. Mr. and Mrs. Means
have eighteen grandchildren.

Mr. Means was County Assessor for two years
before the countj' was divided into townships. He
has served as Township Trustee and Justice of, the
Pe.ace, and was Postmaster of Elm Creek for a per-
iod of seven years. Politicallj'. he was formerly a

170

PORTRArt AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Republican, bnl is now in sympathy- with the
Union Labor party. Both he and his wife are
active members of the Missionary Baptist Church,
in which Mr. Means has officiated as Deacon for
nearly twenty years. He is the friend of education
and of progress in all its forms.

After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Means set-
tled in Buchanan County, Mo., but in the fall of
1860 came to this county, where he secured 160
acres of land on section 35, and lived there five
years. He then purchased his farm on section 26,
where he has since lived. He may be most prop-
erly classed among the earliest pioneers of Elm
Creek Township, as he put up the first house
within its limits. He has been permitted to watch
the growth and development of one of the richest
sections of the Great West, and may properly feel
that he has borne no unimportant part in bringing
it to its present condition. As a representative of
the worth and abilitj' of this part of Kans.as. we are
pleased to present to our readers a fine portrait of
Mr. Means.

■~'W«"42£fi;©'S@-

■^.S!/2r2rzr»v»~./v»»

I EZIN CLARK, a prominent farmer of Mar-
shall Count}-, Kan., is a son of John and
Lucinda (Jennings) Clark, natives respect-
ively of Ireland and Ohio. Mr. and Jlrs-
John Clark were married in Ohio, at the home of
the bride's parents in Hancock Count}-, and made
that county their place of residence for some years,
subsequently removing to Allen County. Ohio,
where Mr. Clark spent the rest of his earthly pil-
grimage, leaving, at its close, his aged companion
to pursue the remainder of the journey alone, yet
not altogether alone, for the One whom they both
so faithfully worshipped has said, "I will never
leave thee nor forsake thee." The family of this
worthy couple embraced ten children of whom our
subject was the fifth. He was born in Allen
County, Ohio, March 24, 1852, and was reared to
manhood on his father's farm, remaining under the
parental roof until the spring of 1871. In that
year he started out in the world to do for himself,
and after "spying out the land" somewhat, decided

to settle in Center Township. As a nucleus for fu-
ture operations, he purchasid eigiity acres of fine
land and at once set to work breaking up the tough
prairie sod preparatory to the regular plowing and
planting, reaping and gathering into barns, which
fill up the measure of the ideal life of the tiller of
the soil. As a matter of course, the first buildings
erected by him were designed and constructed ac-
cording to the severest pi;inciples of economy, but
in due course of time these homely structures were
replaced bj' others more in accordance with the
principles of art, and also more roomy and conven-
ient. Other improvements were made as rapidl}' as
possible and our subject was enabled to increase the
size of the farm 3'ear by 3'ear, until he now owns a
well-tilled place of 360 acres of good land, located
on section 25. In addition to the usual routine
work of the farm, Mr. Clark has been quite success-
ful as a stock-raiser, and has placed some line
animals on the market for which he has received
highly remunerative prices.

Wishing to secure for his children better edu-
cational advantages, and desiring a change in his
own mode of life, Mr. Clark removed to Frankfort
during the year 1888, and engaged in a general
mercantile business. He has not, however, entirely
given up the farm but operates it pretty much as
usual, finding it an excellent summer residence for
his family.

Mr. Clark was married Aug. 15, 1873, in Mar-
shall County, Kan., to Miss Jane Ewart, a Scottish
lass, whose birth occurred Aug. 24, 1855. Mrs.
Clark possesses all the sterling virtues of her race,
and is withal a graceful, charming woman, whose
acquaintance is much sought for and whose friend-
ship is highly prized. Since her marriage she has
become the mother of seven children of whom two
died in infancy. The living are: Alvin, Warren,
Clara, Charles and Elsie.

Mr. Clark is a wide-awake, go-ahead, public-
spirited man, right in the prime of life and bound
to make a success of whatever he undertakes.
Politicall}^ he falls into line with the Democratic
party, but has no time to spare for any party work.
He is contented to fulfill his duties as a citizen in
private life, leaving to others the honors and emol-
uments of public oHice. Although declining the

t»ORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

1?1

responsibilities and, sometimes, embarrassments of
office, he does not refuse to assist, according to his
ability, in everything tending to promote the best
interests of the community in which he resides.
He keeps himself well informed on all subjects of
general interest, taking especial pride in the pro-
gress of his native land. Mrs. Clark is a conscien-
tious member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

BENJAMIN J. HAMMETT departed this
^ life at his home in Elm Creek Township,
May 6, 1874, leaving to his widow and
family a fine, large property, embracing
960 acres of land besides property in Marvsville.
Mrs. Hammett since the death of her husband has
managed her farming and business interests with
more than ordinar3f ability, being a very capable
and intelligent lady and possessed of business
qualities in a marked degree. She has an extremely
pleasant home which she maintains in a manner in-
dicative of refined tastes and ample means, and she
occupies a leading position in the comaiunitjr.

Mrs. Hammett was born in the North of Ireland,
March 18, 1827, and is the daughter of Mathew
and Eleanor (Monteith) Robb, whose native place
was near that of their daughter. The parents there
spent their childhood and youth and after marriage
sojourned there a few years, the father being en-
gaged as teacher in one of the high schools. He
was a man of excellent education and a graduate
of Trinity College, Dublin. The confinement of
the schoolroom greatly impaired his health and he
finally engaged as private tutor in the familj^ of an
Episcopal clergyman, where his duties were less
onerous and he enjoyed more leisure and exercise.

In the spring of 1831 the Robb family decided
to seek their fortunes in America and after an
ocean voyage of eight weeks on a sailing vessel
landed in New York City. Thence thej- proceeded
to Franklin Count}^ N. Y., where the father pur-
chased a farm, paying therefor $1,000, but on ac-
count of an imperfect title it proved a total loss.
He was then obliged to return to his professional
life and engaged as a teacher and book-keeper

until about 1837. Then leaving the States he went
into the Dominion of Canada with his family, pur-
chasing another farm, but the air of the Dominion
did not restore his health which completely failed
and the mother was obliged to raise the family and
look after its financial affairs.

In 1853, the Robb family returning to the States,
located in Henry County, 111., but only lived there
one j'ear. Then going South they purchased a
farm nine miles from Little Rock, Ark., where the
parents spent the remainder of their lives, the
father dying in the fall of 1856 and the mother in
.June, 1862. They were the parents of a large
family of children, nine of whom lived to mature
years and of whom Rebecca was among the elder
members.

Mrs. Hammett was nearly five years old when
her parents emigrated to America, and she went to
Illinois about six months prior to the removal of
the famil^^ to that State, remaining with lier sister
until her marriage, which took place near Chilli-
cothe, in Pecn-ia County, April 20, 1853. Her
husband, Benjamin J. Hammett, was born near Bowl-
ing Green, Ky., and emigrated to Illinois the year
prior to the Black Hawk War, locating in Peoria
Covmty, where he engaged in mercantile pursuits
at Cbillicothe.

Mr. and Mrs.Hammet after their marriage resided
in Chillicothe, 111., until their removal to this State
Aug. 23, 1859. They left there on the 20th of
April and first went to the Rocky Mountains over-
land where Mr. Hammett intended to engage in
mining. Circumstances, however, prevented their
remaining and thej' then came to this county, lo-
cating in what is now Elm Creek Township on the
Big Blue. By purchase and preemption Mr. Ham-
mett secured six quarter sections of land and there-
after gave his attention fully to agricultural
pursuits.

Seven children were born to our subject and his
estimable wife but the first born, a son, died in in-
fancy. Paul A., Charles A., and Lyman H. are
engaged in farming for themselves in Elm Creek
Township. Olive B., Benjamin J. and Eleanor A.,
yet remain at home with their mother. Mrs.
Hammett was trained in the doctrines of the Epis-
copal Church, with which she united when a maiden

172

t>ORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

of sixteen years, but on coming to Illinois joined
the Presbyterian Cliurcb. Tlie Hammett bome-
stead stands out prominently in the landscape of
Elm Creek Township, and comprises one of its
most delightful pictures. The dwelling and the
■nain barn are solid stone structures, built in that
substantial manner which would seem to insure
their existence for a century. There are fruit and
shade trees in abundance, live stock and farm ma-
chinery and all the other appliances pf the well-
legulated rural home. It is the frequent resort of the
best people of the county, to whom the Hammett
family is widely and favorably known as occupying
no secondary position in the social circle.

7/ RANK G. STETTNLSCH. This well-hnown
German farmer of Herkimer Townsiiip, is
located on a well-regulated farm of 308
acres, occupying a part of section 29, and where he
has brought the soil to a good state of cultivation.
He [lossesses in a marked m.inner the characteris-
tics of his nationality, thrift, industry and persever-
ance, which qualities have enabled him to obtain a
competence for his old age. As a citizen he is con-
sidered a man of strict integrity, one who pays his
honest debts, and makes a specialty of attending
to his own concerns.

The opening years in the life of our subject,
were spent in the town of Sonnanburg, Province
of Brandenburg, Germany, where he was born Dec.
4, 1855. His parents were Charles and Caroline
(Kruschel) Stettnisch, whose ancestors had been na-
tives of Germany for centuries, and whose grand-
parents died there at about the age of ninety years.
In the summer of 1867, August, the eldest brother
of our subject, emigrated to America, and located
in tills county. In 1868, he was joined by the par-
ents and the remaining seven children. The mother
died in November, 1869. The father is still liv-
ing, making his home near Marysville. Both were
members of the Lutheran Church, in Germanj'.

The subject of this sketch was reared to man's
estate in this county, and in Nov. 22, 1879, was
married to Miss ^lary, daughter of Krnest and

Elizabeth (Fink) Heitfeld. The parents of Mrs.
Stettnisch were also natives of Germany, and born
in the Province of Hanover. Thej' likewise became
identified with the Lutheran Church in early life.
They came into this county in 1868, and are still
living in Herkimer Township. Mr. and Mrs. Stett-
nisch are the parents of six children, viz: Henry,
Lena, Frank, Amelia, Sophia, and Charles. One
sou, P^rnest, died when quite young. True to the
teachings of their early years, Mr. and Mrs. Stett-
nisch are also members of the Lutheran Churoli.

At the time of the purchase of the present farm
by our subject, the only building upon it was a
small frame house. He has erected a good stable,
corn-cribs, wagon-sheds, and other needed struc-
tures, and has the land all fenced and brought to a
productive condition. His apple orchard comprises
about fifty trees. Upon becoming a voting citizen,
Mr. Stettnisch identified himself with the Repub-
lican party, but lately votes the Democratic ticket.
He has very little to do with public aiJairs, and
pursues the even tenor of his way as a law-abiding
citizen, keeping out of the courts, and maintaining
the good will of those around him.

\Tny)KNJAM[N W. SMITH. There is probably
IL^ no more popular man in his community

I^Mvitl ''^^^'^ ^^' ^™''''^' ^^"^ ^^ numbered among
^^=^' the leading land owners of Richland Town-
ship. He is peculiarly genial and hospitable in his
make-up, while his strict integrity and upright
character, have gained for him the good will of all
who know him. ,He is a life-long farmer, and op-
ates 240 acres of finely imi)roved land on the north-
e.Tst quarter of section 17. The whole has been
brought under good cultivation, is fenced and
cross-fenced, and embellished with neat and sub-
stantial modern buildings. Mr. Smith has by his
own exertions acquired a good fund of practical
knowledge, and is a man with whom an hour may
always be spent pleasantly and profitably.

Our subject was born in Clinton, Summit Co.,
Ohio, Sept. 22, 1 839, and is the son of Freeman O.
Smith, who was likewise a native of the Buckeye

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

173

State, and born about the middle of January, 1814.
The mother of Benjamin W. was, in her girlliood.
Miss Mar^' Wholf, a native of Shii)pensburg,Pa., and
who went with her parents to Ohio, wlicn a maiden
of fifteen j-ears. She was born in 1814, and died
in 1877. After marriage the parents of our sub-
ject settled in Summit County, Ohio, and the father
was employed on a canal boat, and finally became
captain and owner of a boat, making his head-
quarters in Clinton. About 1845, our subject,
leaving his native State, removed with his parents
to what is now Lot's Grove, in -Worth County,
Mo., and there spent his boyhood days on a farm.
He acquired a practical education, mostly by his
own exertions, and later in the town of Allen
learned wagon-making, at wliich he worked for a
number of years. Finally his parents removed to
Gentr}' County, Mo., in 1876, and there the
mother died. Tiie father is still living there. lie
was the first man to put up a house in Lot's Grove,
this being erected in 1845, before the land had been
surve3'ed, and while the country was overrun with
Indians.

Amid these wild scenes our subject developed
into a strong and vigorous manhood, and when
ready to establish a home of his own he was united
in marriage with Miss Celia J. Gibson. The young
people had their first home at Allendale, where our
subject worked as a wagon-maker and a carperjter,
and also operated a sawmill for some years. About
1865 he removed to Blanchard, Page Co., Iowa,
whicii remained his home until 1883. In the mean-
time he turned his attention to agricultural pur-
suits, making a specialty of live stock, raising cattle
and swine, and shipping to Chicago. In March,
1883, he came to this county and purchased a tract
of raw prairie, from which he constructed his
present homestead. He set out fruit and forest
trees and shrubbery, which have grown and flour-
ished, his orchards supplying the family with lus-
cious fruits, and his forest trees making a pleasant
shade in summer, and serving as a protection from
the blasts of winter. He has a windmill, and the
other machinery required for the successful prose-
cution of farming, and keeps himself posted in re-
gard to the modern methods of cultivating the
soil to the best advantage. He has declined the

responsibilities of offlce with the exception of one
term, when, much against his will, he' was pressed
into service as Township Treasurer. He finds his
religious home in the Methodist Episcopal Churcli
of Mission Creek, and operates as Steward and
Superintendent of the Sunday-school.

To Mr. and Mrs. Smith there have been born .
nine children, seven of whom are living: James
F. married Miss Fannie Glick, and is located on a
farm three miles west of his father; George S. is a
resident of Balderson Townsliip; Walter L. remains
with his parents; Dora R. is the wife of Perr_y
Graham-, a farmer of Richland Township; Arthur
D., Wesley T., and Uberto M., continue to reside
under the parental roof. All the children of Mr.
Smith are well educated. George S. completed his
studies in College Springs, Iowa. He has been for
some time engaged in farming. The family occu-
pies a high social position in their community, and
their home is the resort of its best people.

AVID CRAIK. The well-cultivated farm
belonging to Mr. Craik, indicates in a for-
cible manner his character for enterprise,
prudence and industry. He has never
been afraid to put his hand to the plow and in the
accumulation of his possessions has labored early
and late, but if choosing so to ilo might now justi-
fiably retire from active labor. His carefull}' cul-
tivated fields make a beautiful picture in the
landscape, while he has a neat and substantial
dwelling and all the other comforts of modern
rural life. His property embraces 160 acres pleas-
antly located on section 30, and eighty acres on
section 19.

A native of Staffordshire, England, the subject
of this sketch was bom March .5, 1825, and is the
son of David and Elizabeth (Piggott) Craik,
who were natives of the same shire as their son.
His parents were reared, married and spent their
entire lives near the place of their birth. The
mother died when a young woman, in 1832. The
father lived lo be ripe in years, passing away in
1875. Of the seven children born to them, four

174

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

fire now living, and David was the fourth in order
of birth. The boyhood and youth of Mr. Craik
were spent in the Old Country, he in the meantime
receiving a fair education and acquiring those
habits of industry and frugality which have greatly
aided him in achieving success. When a young
man of twenty-four years he resolved to seek his for-
tune on another continent, and accordingly crossed
the Atlantic, landing safely in New York City;
thence he proceeded at once to De Kalb County,
111., where he sojourned one 3'ear, then removed to
Jo Daviess County, of which he was a resident five
j^ears. His next removal was to Ogle County,
where he lived until 1870. That year lie came to
Kansas, locating in Washington County, whence he
removed, in 1871, to his present farm where he has
since lived.

The 18th of October, 1855, marked a memora-
ble epoch in the life of our subject, namely, his
marriage with Miss Martha Ann, a daughter of
.Limes and Deliuda (Boone) Craig. Mr. Craig was
born in Ohio, while his wife was a native of Mis-
souri, and the daughter of Col. Nathan Boone,
who was the j-oungest son of Daniel Boone, the
pioneer and Indian fighter of Kentucky. Col. Boone
was stationed at Ft. Leavenworth while attached
to the regular armj-. He owned a farm near Ash
Grove, Mo., where he died in 1857, while home on
a furlough. James Craig was a mill operator and
the owner of mill proper!}' at Hanover, Jo Daviess
Co., 111.; both he and his wife are deceased. He
was captain of a company of volunteers in the
Black Hawk War. Of the thirteen children born
to Mr. and Mrs. Craik eleven are living and named
respectivel}-, David J.. Luella E., Emma A., Orpha
I., Joseph W., Lionel L. G., Grace A.. Charles W.,
Frank A., Florence O. and Jesse A. Albert B.
died in 1874, and Cora H. in 1872.

The farm of Mr. Craik comprises 240 acres, all
in one tract and all in a highly productive condi-
tion. The residence was erected six j'ears ago.
Mr. Craik has cultivated his own land with the
lielp of his sons, and makes a specialty of stock-
raising, keeping usually eighty-seven head of cat-
tle, seven head of liorses and forty head of swine.
He has been an active man in politics. He was
first a Free Soiler, then a Republican, later a Green-

backer and now (1889) votes the Union Labor
ticket. He is Treasurer of Balderson Township,
and has officiated as Road Overseer and a member
of the School Board. He is identified with the
I. O. 0. F., the Grange and the Alliance, in both of
which he has held the various offices. In religious
belief he is an Episcopalian. Mrs. Craik belongs
to the Methodist Episcopal Church, while David
and Luella are members of the Christian Church.

OHN HUNT. The genial countenance of
Mr. Hunt has been familiar to the citizens
of Mar3-sville Township for, lo, these many
years. His life occupation has been mainlj'
that of a farmer, but since 1879 he has officiated
much of the time as a minister of the United
Brethren Church. He takes a bright and cheerful
view of life and is peculiarly adapted to his pious
calling, presenting the truths of religion in the
happy and attractive manner which has for the
3'oung, especially, the best results. Providence
has blessed him with a contented disposition and
a fair share of this world's goods, with the faculty
of making the most of life under all circumstances
and being able to extract therefrom a large amount
of enjoyment. He is one of those men seeking to
do good at every opportunity, never turning any
needy from his door, and has thus made a good
record for himself among his fellow-men.

Mr. Hunt was born in Lincolnshire, England,
Nov. 19, 1831, and with the exception of two
years spent in Nottinghamshire lived there contin-
uouslj^ until 1 853. Then a young man of twenty-
two j'ears, he. determined upon emigrating to
America, and after a six weeks' voj'age landed
safely in New Orleans. Thence he proceeded to
New Albany, Ind., where he was variously' en-
gaged and where he remained about three years.
We next find him established on a farm in Morgan
Countj', 111., where he operated upon rented land
until 1866. That year he changed his residence to
Clark County, Wis., and for four 3-ears thereafter
was employed in the lumber regions. Finally, in
October, 1870, he crossed tlie Mississippi and com-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

175

ing to this county resumed farming on rented land
for six years. He then purcliased IGO acres on
secti<jn 6 in Mar3'sville Tovvnshi|). where he put up
a residence and has since remained. He was pros-
pered in his farming operations and has always
managed to make a comfortable living for himself
and his little family.

In Lincolnshire, Englmd. our subject was mar-
ried to Miss Charlotte Cox, who was born there
not far from the early home of her husband. .She
bore liini two children, Sarah and George, and ac-
companied her family to America, but died on the
Ohio Riv^er ten days after landing at New Orleans.
'i'he bereaved husband took the remains to Evans-
ville, Ind., where they were consigned to their final
rest. Mr. Hunt was destined to a still further
afHiction in the de.ath of his two children, who were
taken away three days after the decease of the
mother and were laid by iier side in the eemetei-y
at Evansville.

Mr. Hunt contracted a second marriage at Jack-
sonville, 111., vvith Miss Sylvia Miller, who was
born in Morgan County, 111., and was of German
parentage. She became the mother of eight chil-
dren and departed this life at tiie homestead in
Marysville Township, this count}'. May 7, 187.5.
Their eldest daughter. Mary L., is tiie wife of
Mathias Stuffell; John W. married Miss Laviua
Gough ; Emma is the wife of Allen Hall; Sarah A.,
Charlotte, Samuel, Jacob and Sylvia, remain at
home with their father. Mr. Hunt, politically, is
a straightforward Republican, a man of decided
views and one who upholds his principles with all
the natural strength of his character. It is safe to
say that he has no enemies, as he has the happy
faculty of making everyone his friend, and the still
rarer one of treating courteously the stranger who
comes to his door and perhaps has a favor to ask
of him.

■-<>-

'IN LEY McDonald. Among the many
nationalities represented in America, the
Scotch have ever taken the foremost rank
for their many virtues. Clannish tliey may be in
their devotion to those of their own race and kin-

dred, yet they are ever kindly in their intercourse
with all with whom they meet, proving excellent
neighbors; of strict integrity and with their
sterner traits of character adorned by the domestic
virtues, as tlie rough surface of their native land
is by the blossoms of the gorse. A worthy repre-
sentative of this land and people is the gentleman
whose name heads our sketch and who has been a
resident of this connty for the past quarter of a
centur}-.

He was born in Rosshire, Scotland, Jan. 12, 1811.
His parents were John and Ann (McKenzie) McDon-
ald, both natives of the shire in which their son
was born. The father died in Scotland at the age
of eighty-four. The mother coming to America
after his death, in 1857, breathed her last in Marys-
ville Township, this county, in the year 1869, also
at the age of eighty-four. Our subject was the
oldest of a family of seven children. At the age
of fourteen he engaged in fishing for a livelihood
and followed that business in connection with trad-
ing until the year 1 854, when he came with his
family, which included a wife and six children, to
Montreal, Canada. They crossed the Atlantic in
a sailing vessel "John Howard," which took eight-
een days in the passage. They tarried in Montreal
but six weeks when the}' came to Stark County, III.
Here Mr. McDonald bought a farm at Elmira, at
which place they lived until the spring of 1864,
when he sold his farm and removed to this county.
Selecting Marysville Township as his location he
preempted eighty acres and homcsteaded 160 acres
of land, lying on sections 2 and 11, the homestead
being on the latter section. Mr. McDonald has
erected excellent buildings upon his haul and accu-
mulated propert}- until he is now the fortunate
possessor of about 800 acres of land all lying in
Marysville Township. He gives his attention
wholly to farming and stock-raising, having large
herds of both horses and cattle.

At Inverness, Scotland, Dec. 25, 1842, Mr. McDon-
ald was united in marriage to Miss Janet Ross,
daughter of James and Ann (Campbell) Ross. Mrs.
McDonald was one of a family of eleven children,
being the seventh in order of birth. Her parents
died in Scotland both having attained only to the
age of fifty-five. Mrs. McDonald's birth took

176

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

place April 2, 1819. She is the mother of twelve
children, named respectivelj' : Annie died on Sept.
20, 1889, she was tlie wife of C. A. Irabert, her
home was in Victoria, British Columbia; she left
eight children. Her husband was a soldier iii the
late war and was at one time county clerk of Mar-
shall Countj-, Kan.; Belle is the wife of Alexander
Campbell, now District Clerk of Marshall County;
Bettie is the wife of Henry Saunders, a farmer of
Marysville Township; William married Lola Parks,
and is a farmer of Marysville Township; James is
single and lives at home ; Mary is the wife of Al-
exander Inglis, they are farming in Pawnee County,
Neb.; John married Elizabeth Diinant, and resides
in Marysville Township; Maggie is single, and at
home. Collin died in Illinois in his fifth year:
Donald. Jesse and Christine are single and at home.
Like the majority of hiscountrj'men Mr. McDon-
ald takes a warm interest in the education of the
young and has held the office of School Trustee
for over twenty years. Both he and his wife are
consistent members of the Presbyterian Church.
Mr. McDonald is a believer in and a supporter of
the principles of the Republican partj'. He is one
of the wealthiest and most influential citizens of
the township, both he and his wife being held in
high esteem as worth}' descendants of two of the
most prominent of the Scottish families.

^ATRICK FIXNIGIX. The biographer, in
his migrations, has not been permitted to
meet a more whole-souled, genial and hos-
pitable gentleman than Mr. Finnigin. He
may be designated as one of those willing to "live
and let live," and evidently extracts as much en-
joyment from entertaining his friends, as they in
turn experience in sojourning under his hospitable
I'oof. He is numbered among the representative
farmers of Guittard Township, where he has a fine
body of land, 280 acres in extent and pleasantly
located on sections 1 5 and 22, the residence beino'
on the former.

:\[r. Finnigin is accredited with being the heaviest
tax payer on stock in his township. He mtikes a spec-

ialty of high grade Short-horn cattle and Poland-
China and Chester-white swine, often keeping as
many as 250 of the former and 300 of the latter, and
which it is liardly necessary to say yield him hand-
some products. In looking after his various interests
he is absent from home most of the time, but super-
intends the operations of the farm, and each year
manages to add something to its beauty and value.
Our subject was born in County Antrim, Ire-
land, Feb. 16, 1848, and lived there until a young
man of twenty years. He in the meantime acquired
a limited education in the common schools, and was
taught those habits of industry and economy whicii
have been the basis of his success in life. Upon
coming to America he at once sought the Great
West and located in tlie vicinity of St. Joseph, Mo.,
Thence he came to this county in 1871. He pur-
chased eighty acres and confined his attention to
this until about 1879, when he purchased the bal-
ance of his present large farm. The improvements
which we notice upon it to-day are largely the re-
sult of his own industry and enterprise. He has set
out forest and fruit trees, including an apple or-
chard of five acres, and has availed himself of mod-
ern machinery, including a windmill, and for the
last few years has made a specialty of stock.

In the establishment of the Catholic Church of
Beattie, Mr. Finnigin bore an important part, assist-
ing in the erection of the church edifice, and the
purchase of ground for a cemetery, and he has al-
ways taken a warm interest in its prosperity and
advancement. He was married in 1874 to Miss
Mary Ann Fitzgerald, and they became the par-
ents of three children, only one of whom is living,
namely a daughter, Charlotte, who remains at home
with her father. Mrs. Mary Ann Finnigin departed
this life at the homestead in 1879.

Our subject contracted a second marriage in
1880 with Miss Catherine Loob, a native of Indi-
ana, and at that time a resident of St. Brido-et
Township. Her father, Thomas Loob, was a native
of Ireland, and upon coming to this county, en-
gaged in farming, and is still living in this Slate.
Of this marriage there have been born four children,
three of whom are living, namely: Thomas Will-
iam, Henry ?I. and E. Xora. The mother of these
children departed this life Aug. 23, 1889. The

Residence orJ.G.BiNDER,5Ec,28. Walnut Township.

Res, OF E.C.M^ K ellips . Sec. 28. Walnut Township.

Residence OF Geo.Tillmann , 5ec.25. Logan Township.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

179

(Finnigin homestead is regarded with an admiring
eye by the passing traveler and is a fine illustration
of the resnlts of energy and perseverance. The pro-
prietor is amply worthy of a record in the volume
designed to perpetuate the names of those who came
as pioneers to this county, and to whom it is in-
debted for its present position, socially, morally
and fluancially.

-<3^

"7~r

=€>

J~ O H N i\I O S H I S K E Y, proprietor of the
I Marysville Nursery, is a Russian gentle-
' man of superior education, and has been
' very successful in his present enterprise.
He owns in m11 360 acres of valuable land, twenty-
five acres of which is devoted to the smaller fruits,
and sixty acres to an orchard of 6,000 trees, em-
bracing the larger fruits. He has altogether about
100,000 trees and is giving to this industr3' his en-
tire attention. His land occupies a portion of sec-
tions 10 and 11, and has been subjected to a
tliorough process of cultivation. Upon it he has
erected good buildings, and he has the modern con-
veniences and implements which enable him to ob-
tain the best results from his labors. Personally
he is a man held in high respect by the people of
Elm Creek Township, as combining the best ele-
ments of good citizenship.

Mr. Moshiskey was born in the Czar's dominions,
Feb. 28, 1848, and lived there until he was about
twenty-one years of age. He was given excellent
educational advantages, attending for three j'ears
the Imperial Petrowski Academy at Moscow. He
was an anibitious j^outh and believed that he could
make better progress, socially and financially, on
the other side of the ocean, and accordingly in the
fall of 1868 set out on a Hamburg steamer for
America. After a safe voyage, he landed in New
York city, whence he proceeded to Cliicago, and
two days later to Oilman, Iroquois Co., III. In the
latter place he entered the employ of W. H. Mann,
a nurseryman, with whom he remained two years,
and in the meantime made the acquaintance of an-
other man in the emplo}' of this gentleman, and

the three formed a partnership with the view of
establishing a nursery in Doniphan County, Kan.,
about four miles from Troy. Our subject remained
a member of the firm two years, then coming to
this county established the Marysville Nursery, of
which he became the sole owner two years later,
since which time he h.is operated it alone. It would
seem that he had chosen that to which he is fully
adapted, as he has been very successful, and ob-
tained an enviable reputation in this line.

In the fall of 1882 our subject was married in Elm
Creek Township, to Miss Magdalena MuUer, who
was born in Pfalsburg, which was then a province
of France, but now belongs to German3^ This union
resulted in the birth of three children — Emma.
Peter and "Vera. The home of Mr. Moshiskey
is all that could be desired in point of taste and
comfort. The buildings are substantial and commo-
dious,finely adapted to the general purposes of rural
life. Our subject takes a warm interest in political
affairs on both hemispheres, watching not only the
progress of his own country towards freedom and
enlightenment, but identifying himself fuUj^ with
the institutions of his adopted country. He votes
independently and has served as Township Treas-
urer two terms, besides holding the office of School
Treasurer two terms, and serving as a Director in
his school district. He occupies no secondary po-
sition, socially or financially, among the leading
men of his township. Mrs. Moshiskey is a mem-
ber of the German Lutheran Church.

I ILTON C. BRAINARD, senior member
of the firm of Brainard & Hedge, lumber
and grain merchants, Oketo, is classed
among the shrewd, progressive and enter-
prising business men, who are ably sustaining the
great commercial and agricultural interests of Mar-
shall County. He is a native of the State of New
York, born in the town of Leyden, Lewis County,
Nov. 14, 1842. His parents were Lorenzo and
Emeline (Grant) Brainard, who, after their mar-
riage, settled in Lewis, their native county, and
there lived many years. They subsequently)' re-

180

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

moved to Saratoga Springs, N. Y., and amid the
beautiful scenes of that famuus resort the fathers'?
life was brought to a jieaceful close, and thus passed
avraj' an honorable and upright man. The good
mother still lives, making her home in Saratoga,
N. Y.

Our subject received a substantial education in the
public schools of his native State, and was thus well
prepared for anj' career he might choose to adopt.
In the year 1869 he went to Troy, N. Y., where he
was employed in a foundry for the ensuing twelve
3'ears. In 1881 for various reasons he determined
to change his environments and condition, and from
th3 rich soilof Kansas, gain not only a generous
subsistence for himself and family, but also build
up a handsome competence. Coming to Marshall
Connt3' in that year, he turned his attention to
farming, buj-ing a farm in Marysville, which he af-
terward sold, and in the following year purchased
another, from whose rental he obtains a good in-
come. Besides tbat place he owns 160 acres of
choice land in Balderson Township. He has been
well prospered since taking up his residence in this
oreat and growing State, and even as in his agricul-
tural ventures has met with sign.il success in the
lumber and grain business, he having formed a
partnership in October, 1888, with Mr. Morgan
Hedge, and in March, 1889, removed with his fam-
ily to Oketo. The firm has alreadv established a
large and flourishing trade on a solid basis, and has
extensive dealings in this part of the State.

Mr. Brainard was united in marriage to Miss
Mary Barringer, in Rome, Oneida Co., N. Y., and
to her cheerful co-operation he is much indebted
for the comforts and luxuries of a cozj', happy
home. She is the second of a family of six chil-
dren born to James and Jane (Roberts) Barringer,
natives of New York, her birth occurring in Tro}',
N. Y. Her pcirent came to Marshall County from
their native State in 1872. and located in Marys-
ville, where the mother died. The father resided
in that township till 1883. Imt is now spending his
declining j-ears with his daughter and our subject.
Mr. and Mrs. Brainard's marriage has been blessed
to them by the birth of the following four children:
Emma. Clara, Delia and Jennie.

The life career of our subject thus far, show-

ing him to be a man of practical ability, sound
sense and good moral principles, justifies the high
opinion in which he is held by all with whom he
h.is dealings sociallv or in a business way. He is a
man of earnest, intelligent convictions, and inter-
ests himself in all that concerns the welfare of his
fellow-men. As a member of the School Board at
one time he did all that he could to forward the
cause of education. Religiousl}^, he and his amia-
ble wife are esteemed members of the Baptist
Church; politically, he is a strong Republican.

i^^HORNTON H. EDMUNDSON. Notwith-
iW^s standing the .advantages upon which the
^^^■' present generation prides itself, the press,
the telegraph and the railroad, so shortening and
almost annihilating distance, that the Atlantic and
Pacific slopes seem but next-door neighbors, there
remains in the mind of the average Eastern man
much ignorance as to life in the West. Instead of
the poor buildings, the wagon tracks and cow paths,
the unkempt citizens and the inactive business life,
which he expected, the Eastern visitor in our West-
ern States finds well-made streets, good buildings,
well-dressed citizens and great business activity,
and the general appearance of progress, prosperity
and the best civilization.

Prominent among those who contribute to these
results in Home Cit}', is the gentleman whose name
heads this sketch, who carries on a flourishing
trade in hardware in a store well stocked with fine
goods in that line, and who is also Postmaster of
the city. He was bora in Allegheny County, Pa.,
June 25, 18.50 (for history of his parents see sketch
of Cyrus Edmundson on another page in this
Album). He received a good education in the com-
mon schools of his native count}', remaining under
the parental roof until the fall of 1870, when he
came to this State with his brother-in-law, AVilli.am
B. Mitchell. The following spring his father came
to this countj'. and our subject then returned to the
parental roof, where he remained until his mar-
riage, which took pl.aee M.iy 7. 1876. The young
couple settled in Franklin Township, where Mr. Ed-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

181

mundson engaged in farming, following this occu-
tion until 1885, when he came to Home City, and
' established himself in his present business. He
owns 160 acres of land situated in Franklin and
Center townships, in addition to his large stock in
trade.

The wife of our subject bore the maiden name
of Alpharetta Crane, and is the daughter of Rob-
ert and Sarah (Deeds) Crane, both of whom were
natives of Ohio. Her parents first settled iu Miami
County, Ind., where their daughter Alpharetta
was born, Sept. 17, 18.59. Thence they removed
to Iroquois Count}-, 111., and from there to this
county, where in 1869 they settled in Center Town-
ship. There they remained until 1886, when they
removed to Marysville, where thej'^ still reside.
They have a family of six daughters and four
sons, of whom Mrs. PMnuindson was the fourth.
Mr. and Mrs. Edmundson are the parents of three
bright cliildren — Harvey T., Nettie M. and Wal-
ter H.

Mr. Edmundson received the appointment of
Postmaster April 11, 1889, and assumed the duties
of his office on May 1, succeeding J. B. Wuester,
and is fulfilling his duties to the entire satisfac-
tion of the patrons of the office. He lias held the
office of Justice of the Peace for four years, serving
with ability and exliibitingexcellent judgment in the
settlement of cases within his jurisdiction. He is
an active Republican, having been a member of
the Central Committee of Franklin Township since
1885. Mr. and Mrs. Edmundson are among the
most highly respected citizens of the township, be-
ing persons of great intelligence? cultivated man-
ners and sterling worth of character.

eHARLES L. CHAFFEE. That America now
proudly boasts of being one of the greatest
nations of the earth, is due in a large meas-
ure to the enterprise, intelligence and unremitting
perseverance of those who are now passing away.
That America will ever attain the lofty eminence
of greatness, from whose pinnacle she can look
down on other kingdoms and empires, with the su-

preme conviction that here is the greatest nation
on which the sun shines, and here the happiest,
most contented men and women, will depend on
our youth who are now entering upon the responsi-
bilities of life, which they can make dark or brio-ht,
prosperous or degraded. Did the future of our
loved country rest entirely in the hands of .>oung
men, similar in thought and character to our sub-
ject, but little concern might be occasioned about
its prosperity. For by their own might and the
power of their upright lives, such a good influence
would be created that the downfall of the Repub-
lic would be utterly impossible. It is a matter in
which we may take just pride, that so many of the
young men of the present day are of that character
and disposition which will fit them to take the reins
of government and wisely rule over the thousands
and hundreds of thousands of men and women
who people our vast country.

Charles L. Chaffee, of whom we write is a pro-
gressive, energetic farmer of the modern type, act-
ive and peristent in accomplishing whatever he
attempts, and already owns 320 acres of land on
section 17, Franklin Township. He was also unusu-
ally fortunate in the selection of a life partner, his
wife having been Miss Ruth E. Elliott, daughter of
James M. and Helen (Shaw) Elliott (for their history
see sketch of J. M. Elliott). Mrs. Chaffee was
born in Bradford County, Pa., Oct. 10, 1865, and
passed her childhood and youth in the home of her
birth, and learned those lessons which are so useful
to the wife and mother. She was united in mar-
riage with our subject in Oketo. March 11, 1886,
and is the mother of one child, a daughter, named
AUie Y., and born Aug. 5, 1889.

Born in Bradford County, Pa., Aug. 2, 1864
Charles L. Chaffee is the son of Charles Chaflfee, of
Bradford Countj^, Pa., now deceased. Among the six
children in his father's family he was theyoun<Test,
and was educated in the common schools, and also
had a course of training in the Marj'sville Hio-h
School. He came to Marshall County, Kan., in
1 884, and located in Marysville Township, which
was his home for about one year, thence in the
spring of 1886, settling in Franklin Township, on
section 17, his present farm. He has given his at-
tention wholly to farming and stock-raising, and in

182

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

political matters is in sympathj- with the pruiciples
adopted by the Union Labor party. Although
young in years, Mr. and Mrs. Chaflfee are well-
known and highly esteemed by a large circle of
acquaintances, and have before them every pros-
pect for a happy, useful and prosperous life.

(p_^OX. WELLINGTON DOTY. It is said
|[f)\' that some men acliieve greatness and others
f*S^' have greatness thrust upon them. Some
(^) are born to till the soil, while others seem
better fitted to control the minds of their fel-
lows. TLe name with which we introduce this
sketch is widely and favorably known to the peo-
ple of this county, especially those of Balderson
Township, within whose precincts he has sojourned
for the last three j^ears, and in addition to culti-
vating one of its best farms has made a specialty
of politics, keeping himself thoroughly informed
witii regard to the events of the day and age. The
labor question has been a prominent one, and he
has distinguished himself as in sympathy with the
"hewers of wood and drawers of water." Nature
has given him more than ordinary intelligence and
a mind to comprehend those things pertaining to
the moral and intellectual needs of mankind.

The subji.'Ct of this biography was born, in
Carroll County, 111., Dec. o, 1848, and is thus in
the prime of life. His father. Timothy Doty, was
born in the Dominion of Canada, whence he emi-
grated, a yoiing man, to Illinois, and was married
there to Miss Jeanette Craig, a native of Charles
County, Mo. They. settled in Carroll County, 111.,
wliere they still live. Nine of the eleven children
born to them are still living and making their homes
mostly in this country.

Young Dotjf attained to manhood in his native
township, becoming familiar with farming pursuits.
After leaving "the district school he studied two
years in Mt. Carroll Seminary, and also at Fulton.
In 1866 when a young man of twenty years he
started to see something of the world, and in due
Lime found himself in New Orleans, La. He was
absent from home two years, then returned, and in

the spring of 1872 made his way into Northern
Kansas, reaching this county on the 19th of Maj-.
He occupied himself at brick making until purchas-
ing from the Government a tract of land in the
Otoe Indian Reservation, and two years later he
moved upon it.

The marriage of our subject with Miss Sarah,
daughter of Mark and Julia (Johnson) Kell^"- was
celebrated at tlie bride's home in Oketo Township,
Aug. 25, 1874. The parents of Mrs. Doty removed
from New York City to Ogle County, 111., and
from there, in 1871, to this county, where the
father died in 1887. His widow is still living and
a resident of Oketo Township, this county. Mrs.
Doty was next to the youngest in a family of
eleven children, and was born in Ogle County, 111.,
Sept. 13, 1858. She is now the mother of four
children — Bertha Muj', Iv}' Hattie, Pearl and Ter-
rance J. Mr. Dotj' has for many j'ears taken an
active part in politics and is one of the leading
lights therein, along the northern line of this
county. He was elected to the State Legislature
in the fall of 1888, by a fusion of the Democratic
and Union Labor parties, and in due time secured
the passage of a bill in the House, reducing the
salaries of the county officers. He is Treasurer of
the School Board of his district, and has otticiated
as Road Overseer and Constable. Socially-, he be-
longs to the Oketo Lodge 8474 K. of L., in which
he has held all the offices. He has eight\r acres of
land in a productive condition, and all the stock
which the farm will sustain, together with the ma-
chinery required. He is accredited as a man hon-
est and sincere in his convictions, and one not
easilj' diverted fiom the course of duty.

r^^ELS P. CHRISTIANSON. The develop.
I jjj ment of this count}' has been largelj- the
j^iMr, work of those of foreign birth, and none
have been more hard-working, active and thrift}'
than the Danes. Not only has the county been
benefited by their industry but their own worldly
prosperity has been advanced more rapidly than
could have been the case in their native land. Con-

POfeTRAlT AND BlOftKAt'HlCAL ALBUM.

183

spicuous among tbis class is the gentleman whose
name heads our sketch, and who now occupies a
fruitful and attractive farm on section 18, Logan
Township. He was born in Denmarlc, Sept. 2,5,
1844, being reared upon a farm and educated in
tbe country schools of bis native land. In 1866
he came to the United States, occupying three
months in the voyage and landing at New Yorlt.
Thence be went to St. Joseph, Mo., where be en-
gaged in farming for four years. From there he
removed to this countjs homesteading 160 acres
on the southwest quarter of section 18, u|)on which
he built a small frame bouse. He afterward bought
tlie southeast quarter of tbe same section, thus
making a fine farm of 320 acres. Tbe land is all
under cultivation or in pasture; both quarters are
enclosed by fine bodge fences, and on each is an
excellent orchard. Mr. Christianson is now build-
ing a large, well-arranged and pleasant dwelling.
When be landed in St. Joseph, Mo., be was bur-
dened by debts, but by strict attention to bis call-
ing, persevering industry and good management,
he has attained to success and prosperitj', Ijeing
relieved from debt and the possessor of one of the
best farms in tbe vicinity, from which be can se-
cure a competence, and upon which be can live at
ease in his declining years.

Our subject was married to Caroline, daughter
of Andres Peterson, a native of Denmark, in which
country her parents died. Her brothers, Peter
and Andrew, are engaged in business in ()keto
Townsbip, where tbe3' own and operate a flourmill;
her sister Mary has just come from Denmark to
make her bome in America. To Mr. and Mrs.
Christianson have been born tbrce children —
Cliristian, Gary M. and James P., all living.

Tbe father of our subject was Christian Nelson,
the change in name from Nelson to Christianson
being made at baptism in accordance with the
Danish custom, wliich uses tbe father's given name
with the affix "son" as surname to his male off-
spring. The father died in Denmark and the mother
of our subject is now living in Brown County, Kan.

Jlr. and Mrs. Christianson are members of the
Lutheran Church, in which they were reared, and
of which their ancestors, so far as known, were
members. Mr. Cbristianson is now secretary of his

church, in which he has held other offices for years.
He is a worthy citizen of his adopted county, and
enjoys the heart}' esteem of his neighbors and fel-
low-citizens. In politics he is a stanch Republican.

f ; OHN SANDERSON, a general farmer and
stock-raiser, located on section 29, Center
Townsbip, has for many years been identi-
fied with the foremost interests of Marshall
County, and besides accumulating a handsome
property of his own, has noc forgotten to cultivate
those social qualities which make a man popular
among bis fellow-citizens. Earnestly endeavoring
to forward any movement which tends to elevate
society, public-spirited, generous, and charitable,
he has the esteem and confidence of the entire com-
munity. Upon his estate he has erected a comfort-
able home, wherein the visitor receives a hospitable
welcome, and can pass hours in social intercourse
with this pleas.ant family. Mrs. Sanderson nobly
assists her husband in everj^ effort he makes to ad-
vance his interests, and is by no means to be over-
looked in stud3'ing tbe elements which contributed
to his success.

LTpon his arrival in Marshall Count}', in the
spring of 1873, Mr. Sanderson purchased ICO acres
on section 29, which he has improved and cultiva-
ted each succeeding year, and has at last brought
it within tbe ranks of the ideal farms. While
mainly devoted to his farm, he has become a promi-
nent factor in church and political work, in the
former affiliating with the Baptist denomination,
and in the latter supporting X,\\z ]n-inciples of the
Republican party.

A son of John and Martha (Finley) Sanderson,
the former born in Berwick, England, and the lat-
ter in Dublin, Ireland, our subject combines many
traits of bis Irish and English ancestry. For a few
years succeeding the marriage of the parents of our
subject, they continued to reside in the Old World,
but afterward emigrated to the British possessions
across the ocean, and made tlieir home near Peter-
borough, Canada, where the father engaged in farm-
ing. They were both young at that time. He

184

I»0RTIIAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

passed to rest about 1883, but his widow, the
mother of our subject, yet survives, maldng her
home in Torouto, Ontario. They had a family of
seven children, of whom four were sons and three
daughters, our subject being the eldest born. Peter-
borough, Canada, was his birth-place, and the date
thereof June 26, 1849. Sharing in the joys and
sorrows common to childhood in any land, he at-
tended school during the winter season, while the
summer was spent in farm l.ibor. Being the oldest
son of a large family, he early learned to assume
the responsibility of many tasks seemingly beyond
his ability and strength.

Upon attaining the age of twenty-three years, he
left the parental home, embarking upon the great
sea of life alone. For a few montlis after settling
in Kansas, he "paddled his own canoe" with suc-
cess, but becoming weary of the solitary Toyage,
chose as a companion. Miss Hannah Parker, with
whom he was united in marriage, Dec. 9, 1874, in
Center Township. Mrs. Sanderson was born near
Peterborough, Ontario, Dec. 28, 1847, and was the
daughter of Martin and Hannah (Agatt) Parker,
natives of England. These worthy people had ten
children born to them, six daugliters and four sons.
They passed the greater part of their lives in Can-
ada, and there died.

The three children of our subject and his wife —
Martin Wilber, Alfred II., and jMinnie Pearl, are
the objects of the most devoted love on the part of
their parents. They are giving them every oppor-
tunity to become well educated, and are preparing
them for future prominence, among the other resi-
dents of the community. Mr. and Mrs. Sander-
son are highly esteemed, and are welcome guests
in the most exclusive homes of the county.

f MOS W. KIRKWOOD. Before entering
(©YLII upon tlie life of our subject, a few words
in regard to his parents will not be amiss.
His father, Thomas Kirkwood, was a na-
tive of Pennsylvania. His mother, in her girlhood
Miss Jane McCormick, was a native of Ohio. Their
first home after marriage, was in Fayette County.

Ind. Thence the3' removed to Grant County, the
same State, and then to Delaware County, also in In-
diana, where the father died in 1850. The mother
still survives him at an advanced age. The pa-
rental family consisted of fourteen children, eleven
of whom are at present living, our subject being
the seventh of this number.

The subject of this sketch was born in Grant
County, Ind., May 15, 1838, and was about thir-
teen years of age when his parents removed to
Delaware County. In this county he grew to man-
hood, receiving a good common-school education.
He was reared on the farm, and has always been
engaged in agricultural pursuits, except during the
Civil War. Animated by the spirit of patriotism
that thrilled the hearts of so man3' of Indiana's
sons, he entered the ranks of his country's defend-
ers, Aug. 9, 1862, being enrolled in Company B,
84th Indiana Infantry, and serving with distinction
until the close of the war. He was a member of
the 4th Army Corps, and made one of the conquer-
ing band in the Atlanta campaign, and the memor-
able march to the sea. He was engaged in the
battles of Franklin, Nashville, Resaca, and manj'
others. At the close of the war he returned to
Delaware Count}', Ind., and engaged in that em-
ployment, which became his life work. Aft r a
two years' residence, he went to Iroquois County,
111., where he was married, Sept. 5, 1869, to Miss
Mary Slaughter, daughter of William L. and Isa-
beile (McLean) Slaughter, who were natives of
Ireland. Mrs. Kirkwood was born in Jefferson
County, Ind., Sept. 13, 1846. The newly married
couple made their home for a time in Iroquois
County, 111., when he sold out and removed to this
county in 1884, locating on section 25, Marys ville
Township, where he owns 160 acres of fertile land.
Mr. and Mrs. Kirkwood are the parents of six liv-
ing children, and have two deceased. The living
are: Charles N., Loura J., William M., Robert L.,
Millie L, and Selina II.

Mr. Kirkwood was Highwaj' Commissioner of
Prairie Green Township, Iroquois Co., 111., for
nine j'cars. Trustee of the Township Board for
seven years, and a school official. He is a member
of Marysville Lodge No. 91, A. F. & A. M.
Mnrysville Chapter No. 29, and was formerly a

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

185

member of Mt. Olivet Commandery No. 38, K. T.
Politically, his influence is cast with the Repub-
lican party, of whose principles he is an earnest
advocate. He takes a deep interest in all matters
pertaining to educational work, in tiiis regard be-
ing a worthy son of his native and adopted States,
both of which hold such higli rank in school work.
He is a man of a genial nature, and a reliable and
enterprising citizen.

eYRUS EDMUNDSON. In all the vast army
of agriculturalists who occupy millions of
acres in our broad land, there are few wlio
have not at some period of their lives, been en-
gaged in other pursuits. It is seldom we meet one,
who like our subject, has spent his years from boy-
hood nearly to the age of threescore years and ten
in the occupation of farming.

His father, Isaac Edmundson, was a native of
New York, and his mother, in her m.iidenhood, was
Miss Rebecca Sinclair, a native of Pennsylvania.
The parents settled in Allegheny County, Pa., and
were residents there until their death. Tliey had
Bve children, two sons and three daughters, our
subject being the third ciiild. He was Ijorn in
Elizabeth Township, Allegheny Co., Pa., July 17,
1823, and he grew to manhood upon his father's
farm. He remained upon the homestead until the
spring of 1860, when he removed to Fayette
County, Pa., where he bought a farm, upon which
he continued to reside until the spring of 1871.
He then sold his Pennsylvania home and came to
this county, settling on section 34, Franklin Town-
ship. Here he owns a thoroughly cultivated farm
of 150 acres, upon which he has made excellent
improvements

In his native eountj' of Pennsylvania lie became
acquainted with Miss Lavina Burkhart, a very
estimable young lady, to whom he was married,
Maj' 18, 1847, and who has borne him nine chil-
dren. Of this family, Wilber and Ella died in in-
fancy. The survivors are Eveline, Thornton II.,
Julia, Rebecca, Elizabeth, Virginia and Homer B.

Mrs. Edmundson was tlie second in a f.-imilv of i

four sons and five daughters. She was born in
Butler County, Pa., March 5, 1831, and was the
daughter of Mathias and Julia Ann (Sansom)
Burkhart. He father was a native of the county
in which his daughter Lavina was born, and her
mother of Armstrong County, the same State. Her
parents made their last settlement in Allegheny
County, Pa., where the father died in 1862; the
mother is still living.

Mr. Edmundson has always taken a warm inter-
est in educational matters, and has served upon the
School Board, managing the affairs with excellent
judgment. He is a stanch Republican, taking an
active part in the ranks of the party which he
honors by his adherence. Botli he and his wife
are honored members of the Methodist Episcopal
Cluirch, in which he has been a Class- Leader for
many years. He is a man in high standing in the
community, of marked intelligence and uprightness
of character.

mOMAS CUNNINGHAM. One of the most
(((jSA\ attractive homes in Logan Township, is that
owned and occupied by the above-named
gentleman. The house is a large, substantial frame
structure, in the midst of a grove of large shade
trees, having an excellent driveway outlined by
trees connecting it with the road. Near by is an
orchard of 160 apple and forty peach trees, together
with pear, cherry and crab trees, while a good
vineyard and a collection of small fruits add beauty
to the scene and contribute of their aliundance to
the family wants. Barns, corn-cribs, hog-pens, and
all necessary farm buildings are conveniently lo-
cated upon the premises, and thoroughly cultivated
fields are separated by good fencing.

The subject of our sketch is a native of County
Louth, Ireland, where he lived until nine years old
when his parents, Hugh and Margaret (McGowen)
Cunningham, went to Durham. England, where they
remained five years, whence they removed to Man-
chester, where the father eventually died. Our sub-
ject learned the trade of cotton spinning, which he
followed for a few years. He then enlisted in tlie

JPORTftAlT ANt) biOGtlAPItlCAL ALbtlM.

Britisli army, serving two years and nine months
in the ranks. At the conclusion of his service in
1852 he came to the United States, engaging in
wool spinning in Windsor, Conn. Here in May,
1854, he was married to Mary, daughter of William
and Catherine (Dugan) Nagle. In 1856 he re-
moved to Sycamore, DeKalb Co., 111., where for
fonr years he worked as fireman on the Galena di-
vision of the Chicago and Northwestern Eailroad,
being then promoted to engineer. ,He then went to
Chicago and ran a stationary engine three years.
Thence in October, 1869, he removed to Kansas,
where he homesteaded a farm of 160 acres on sec-
tion 21, Logan Township, where he now lives, hav-
ino- 130 acres under the plow. He had but one
horse when he came here and no means with which
to improve the wild land which he had taken. He
was obliged to leave his famil_y in a sod house and
hunt work to provide for their wants and make a
start in life. He worked at whatever he could get
to do until he could accumulate sufficient means to
begin improvements upon his place. He engaged
in railroading, and helped to grade the St. Joseph
and Western Ilailroad, from Hiawatha to Hast-
ings, Kan. By hard work and good management
he has been raised above the hardships of his early
years in the West, to a position of comparative ease
and substantial prosperity, with the prospect of
being able to spend his declining years in rest and
quiet.

The parents of our subject and his ancestors, as
far as known, were natives of County Louth, Ire-
land, and members of the Catholic Church, to
which he and his family also belong. His mother
makes her home with him, having now attained to
her ninetieth year. A brother, Mike, is now living
in Washington. He served eleven j'ears in the
British arm}', and after coming to America spent
four J'ears and three months in the service of his
adopted country, being a member of the 52d Illi-
nois Infantrj^ during the late Civil War. A brother,
Barney, was also enrolled among the defenders of
the Union, and received a wound at Ft. Donelson,
dying in St. Louis from it. The parents of Mrs.
Cunningham, and her ancestors, were natives of
County Tipperary, Ireland, the town of Golden.
Thej' also were communicants of tlie Catholic

Church. To Mr and Mrs. Cunningham have been
born thirteen children : William John and Mary have
been taken from them by death; the survivors are:
Kate, now Mrs. Stephen Fay; William, Hugh, Mar-
garet; Ellen, now Mrs. John Cox; Barnej^ Thomas,
James, Alice and Mary.

The citizens of the township have shown their
confidence in the ability of our subject by giving
him the position of School Director for two years,
and of Road Overseer for six years, and in both
capacities he has served them well. He is a man of
energetic habits and great determination, as his life
well shows, and has just cause to be proud of his
business success. He is possessed of a quick intel-
ligence, a fair share of the wit for which his coun-
trymen are so justly noted, cordial manners and
fine moral principles.

''k/A ARSIIALL GRIFFEE. The parents of our
subject were Thomas and Rachael (Adkin-
son) Griffee, natives of Virginia and early
settlers in Kentucky. In 1835 they re-
moved to Warren County, 111., where they spent
their last daj's. Our subject was born in Breckin-
ridge County, Ky., Maj' 2, 1827. He was first
married, in 1850, to Miss Jane Claycomb, a native
of Kentucky, who bore him nine children, six sons
and three daughters. She was a consistent mem-
ber of the Christian Church. She died July 7,
1869, and our subject, sometime later, married Miss
Martha Pedigo, a native of Kentucky. Mrs. Martha
Griffee is the mother of seven children, four sons and
three daughters. Of the entire family fourteen still
survive. In January. 1874, Mr. Griffee removed
to Iowa County, Iowa, where he resided for four
jears. He then removed to this county and bought
a fine farm, where he now lives. It consists of 280
acres on section 24, Walnut Township. When Mr.
Griffee took possession of the place the improve-
ments were very poor; now it is in a high state of
cultivation, with adequate and substantial farm
buildings, with three good residences occupied and
owned by himself and two sons, and all now well im-
proved to the extent of 600 acres. With theexcep-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAt'HICAL ALBUM.

189

tiou of a short time during his residence in Illinois,
when he bought and shipped stock, our subject has
made farming his exclusive business, having lieen
reared to that employment.

Our subject entered the Christian Church at the
age of sixteen j'ears, and he has held the offices of
Deacon and Elder for many years. His wife is a
member of the same body. During their resi'denoe
in Iowa, the family were connected with the Frec-
Vrill Baptist Church. While a resident of Illinois
our subject held the office of Road Commissioner,
and since coming to this county has held the offices
of Justice of the Peace and Township Trustee. He
and all his sons are ardent adherents of the princi-
ples of the Republican party. Mr. Griffee is a man
of financial ability, fine character and courteous
manners, and thoroughly worthy of the esteem in
which he is held by his fellow-citizens.

J I UDGE EDWARD HUTCHINSON is a gen-
tleman of distinguished abilitj', whose past
is full of honor and whose future is rich with
' prcjmise. So closely is his history interwoven
with that of Marshall Count}', that it would be im-
possible to write a concise account of the growth
and development of the latter, without prominent
mention of the former

.Judge Hutchinson was born Jan. 23, 1847, in
Ponifret,Chautauqua Co., N.Y.,and was the young-
est child of Calvin and Sophia (Perry) Hutch-
inson. A full sketch of his ancestors is given in
the biography of his elder brother, the Hon. Perr}'
Hutchinson. Our subject received his academic
education at the Fredonia Academy, near his home,
while his collegiate education was obtained at
Adrian College, Michigan, where he was gradu-
ated in 1870. When a student there he also at-
tended law lectures at the Michigan University in
Ann Arbor. After his graduation he came to
Mar3'sville, Kan., in July, 1870, where his brother
Perry was then living. In October of that year,
at the first term of court held after his arrival in
this State, he was admitted to the bar. His home
has ever since been in Marj'sville, where he has

been actively engaged in the practice of his pro-
fession, with the exception of the term which he
served on the Bench of the State. At the general
election held in 1884, Mr. Hutchinson was elected
Judge of the District Court for the Twelfth Judi-
cial District; and served a full term of four j'ears,
retiring with the good-will and esteem of his fel-
low-judges and the members of the Bar with
wliom he had been brought in contact, and with
the deserved reputation of an upright and able
jurist.

Before his elevation to the Bench. Mr. Hutchin-
son had held minor positions of trust and responsi-
bility. He had been Justice of the Peace, City
Attorney and County Attorney, and had dis-
charged the duties intrusted to him with a fidelity
and ability which won the good-will of his fellow-
citizens. Since his retirement from the Judiciary,
Judge Hutchinson h.as resumed the practice of his
jirofession in Marysville.

May 25, 1871, at Xenia, Ohio, Judge Hutchin-
son was united in marriage with Miss Priscilla F.
Watts, who was born in Richmond, Ind., Feb. 26,
1 847, and who is the daughter of Dr. J. S. and
Margaret Watts, the former a prominent physi-
cian of that city. During the war Dr. Watts was
surgeon of the 4th Michigan Infantry. He was
one of the original abolitionists, and was the only
man in his county who voted for James G. Birney
for President. His house was one of the stations
of the celebrated " underground railroad," and he
assisted many a poor hunted slave to escape to
Canada. He died in the beginning of the year
1889, at the .age of sixty-seven years. His de-
mise occurred in Richmond, Ind., where he had
practiced medicine in his j'outh and where he was
located in 1849, when it was decimated by the
cholera. Later he removed to Ohio, tiience to
Michigan, but went back to Indiana several years
before his death. His wife is still living at Rich-
mond, Ind., and is now sixty-five j'ears of age.

Judge Hutchinson and his wife are the parents
of nine children, all still under the parental roof.
They are named respectively, Ralph W., Mabel
I., Ben C, Roy J., Linna L., .Hattie M., May S.,
Florence and an infant. Both parents and their
eldest daughter are members of the Presbyterian

190

PORTRAIT AKD niOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Church at Marvsville, of which the Judge has been
an Elder. Politically he is a strong Republican ;
he is likewise a member of the Masonic fraternity,
belonging to Marysville Lodge No. 91, A. F. &
A. M., of which he is Past-master; to Marysville,
Chapter, No. 29, R. A. M.. of which he has been
High Priest for ten years; and to Hiawatha Com-
mandorv, No. 13, K. T. He is also a member of
Marysville Lodge of Perfection, No. 10.

.Judge Hutchinson, in the course of his practice
at the Bar and on the Bench, justly acquired the
reputation of being a trustworthy lawyer and up-
right judge, and, being now in the prime of life,
has before him the reasonable prospect of reaching
a still more exalted station and of receiving honors
such as are in the power of his many friends to be-
stow upon him.

The ALBU5I of Marshall County would be in-
complete without the portrait of a man of such
eminent abilit}'^ as Judge Hutchinson, hence it is
with pleasure that we direct the attention of the
reader to a fine portrait of him to be found in this
volume.

-vT/v-v«iiac-®-|@*' j

»^,a/TO7i» — i/xyw

ipjvOBERT SHIELDS. In reviewing the ca
|i^ reer of the prominent and succtssful men
of Marshall County, none are perhaps more
leserving of special mention than the sub-
ject of this notice. We find him occupying a
pleasant home in the city of Beattie, while he em-
ployes himself in superintending the operations of
his extensive farming lands, which comprise 640
acres lying on sections 28. 34 and 35, in Guittard
Township, and forty acres in Rock Township. He
also has valuable city property, aside from his resi-
dence and grounds. Stock-raising forms a leading
feature in his farming transactions, and in this in-
dustry he aims to excel, keeping at the head of his
herd as choice animals as he can procure. Social!}',
morally and financially he is looked upon as one of
the leading men of his community-.

Mr. Shields was born in Fayette County, Ind.,
Aug. 24, 1823, and lived there until 1870. His
early years were spent at the homestead of his par-

ents, assisting in the various employments of the
farm, and obtaining a practical education in the
common schools. He chose agriculture for his
calling in life, and while yet a youth commenced
dealing in live stock, and gaining the experience
which has served him so well in his later years.
Upon reaching m.an's estate he became prominent
in local affairs, officiating as Township Supervisor,
and holding a loading position with the Agri-
cultural Society of his native county.

Remaining a resident of Indiana until middle
age, Mr. Shields, in 1869, crossed the Mississippi,
and coming to Vermillion, this count}', purchased
100 head of cattle, also a tract of land, and put up
the first store building in the place, in partnership
with J. N. Huston, now United States Treasurer.
This structure was raised upon the same daj' as the
depot. Mr. Shields afterward turned his attention
to agricultural interests, and in due time was the
owner of 400 acres of land in Noble Township,
besides about 1,000 .acres in this vicinit}'. After
a few }'ears' residence in Vermillion, he, in the
year 1872, removed to Beattie, when it was a
very small hamlet of about half a dozen houses.
He at once proceeded with the improvement of his
land, at a time when there were no bridges built
or roads laid out, and it is hardly neccessary to say
he was the encour.ager and supporter of the various
enterprises calculated to build up the county. His
enterprise and industry not only resulted in his
own financial success, but was the means of at-
tracting to this region other men of his own
stripe, and thus practically began the prospeiity of
this section of Marshall County.

Among the men now living, who commenced
fighting the battle of life in a new country along
with Mr. Shields, are: H. Newton, Messrs. Fitz-
gerald and McCoy, and A. J. Brunswick, and there
are only two ladies living who were residents of
this region at that time. Mr. Shields was largely
instrumental in securing the construction of the
railroad through this place, and securing the loca-
tion of the depot at this point. He spent many
daj's visiting railroad officials in different towns,
and interviewing the prominent men having a voice
in the matter. At the same time he officiated as a
member of the School Board, which established the

POiltRAtt AND felOGllAPHICAL ALfeUM.

191

present large and flourishing school, and superin-
tended the construction of the building. He also
gave his support and encouragement to the build-
ing up of both church societies and edifices, and in
short has let pass no opportunity to assist the pro-
jects calculated for the general advancement of
the people. Liberal minded and public spirited,
he uniformly votes with the Republican party, but
has never sought office, having his time fully em-
ployed in looking after the various interests
already mentioned.

In Faj-ette County, Ind., Jan. 9, 1866, occurred
the marriage of Robert Shields with Miss Margaret
Bulkley, of Connersville, that county. Mrs.
Shields was born in tliat county, Oct. 22, 1829,
her childhood home being within four miles of
that of her husband. Her father, Nathan Bulkley,
was a general mechanic, and employed considera-
bl}' in a woolen factory. Mrs. Shields received a
good education in the common schools, and em-
ployed herself as a teacher about twelve j'ears prior
to her marriage. Nathan Bulkley was born near
Roxbury, N. Y., May 1, 1804, and lived there until
attaining man's estate. He was married, in Fayette
Countj', Ind., to Miss Rebecca Reid, who was born
March 21, 1803, and was a cousin of the father of
Whitelaw Reid, who is well-known to the people of
the United States as having commence<i his newspa-
per career with Horace Greeley, founder of the New
York Tribune, and after Mr. Greeley's death suc-
ceeded to its proprietorship, which he still retains.
Mr. and Mrs. Bulkley removed to Indiana prior to
their marriage, and were among the pioneer settlers
of Fayette County, where they spent the remainder
of their lives. The mother was for many years a
member in good standing of the Christian Church.

The father of our subject was Ralston Shields, a
native of Franklin County, Pa., and who lived
there until 1818. That j'ear he visited Fayette
County, Ind., and decided upon locating there.
Then, returning to his native State, he was married
to Miss Anna, daughter of William Huston, and
returned with his bride to Indiana, where he
opened up a farm from the wilderness, near which
subsequently grew up the flourishing town of Con-
nersville. He was successful as a tiller of the soil,
and succeeded in building up a good home, where

he spent the remainder of his life, but died while
in his prime, in 1858. The mother survived her
husband until July 15, 1888, dying at the advanced
age of ninety-one years, in Fayette County, Ind.
Of the five children comprising the parental family,
four are still living: Robert, our subject, being
the eldest; his brother James is a resident of San
Francisco, Cal.; Benjamin and Margaret live on
the old home farm in Fayette Countj-, Ind. Mrs.
Shields has two sisters and two brothers living,
Jonathan. occup3'ing the old Bulkley homestead ;
and Thomas, living two miles south of Beattio. Her
sisters, Amanda and Mary, are residents of Indiana.
Mrs. vShields is prominentlj' identified with tiie
Christian Church.

Both Mr. and Mrs. Shields have spent consid-
erable time and money in traveling, largely in
connection with some important project relating to
the social or moral welfare of their community.
The County Agricultural Society is largely in-
debted to Mr. Shields, botii for its existence and
its prosperit}'. He, with his compeers, Perry
Hutchinson and Mr. Koester, labored assiduously
during the first years of its organization in keep-
ing it alive and before the people, inciting them to
put forth their best efforts in the way of exhibits,
and stimulating their ambition to develop the ag-
ricultural resources of Marshall County. BIr.
Shields was at one time Mayor of the city of
Beattie, and President of the Board of Trade. No
man has taken a warmer interest in its prosperity,
and none have contributed more effectuall}- to this
end.

'HJIUM^^—^

-^3S^!/3ZWir

^|OHN H. OTTO. To many the life of an
agriculturist is very humdrujn and unevent-
ful. 'Tis true that few startling events oc-
cur in his life, that his days are devoid of
the tumult and whirl which make up the life of his
cit}- brother, but neither is his ear shocked by tales
of crime, his eyes startled by sights of distress,
until, as is too often the case, his senses become
dulled, his sympathies deadened, and he looks upon
everything about him .as only the means b^' which

192

PORTRAIT AND BlOGRAlPHlCAL ALBUM.

he is to get gain. In calmer ways the farmer walks,
renewing his bodil}' vigor from day to day. with
healthful, if hard toil under a free sky in the pure
air, his senses regaled by the sight and smell of
green things growing. Abundant opportunity has
he for the exercise of the sterling qualities of true
manhood. Nowhere is a larger field for persever-
ing industry, honesty, kindness, and pleasing social
qnalitits. A worthy example of this nature is to
be found in the subject of our sketch, who is a
prosperous farmer of Marysville Township.

Mr. Otto was of German parentage, his father,
Henry, and mother Mar^- (Lambert) Otto, having
been natives of that country. They emigrated to
America in 1855, settling on the Fox River, near
Appleton, Wis., where they lived for some eleven
years. They then removed to Richardson County,
Neb., where Mrs. Otto died in November, 1876.
Three or four 3'ears after her death, her husband
came to Republic County, Kan., where he made his
home with a daughter, Mrs. Anna M. Ayers, until
his death, which occurred June 18, 1885. Mr. and
Mrs. Henr}' Otto had a family of four children, two
sons and two daughters, of whom our subject was
the youngest. He was born near Appleton, Wis.,
Dec, 21. 1857. He was quite young when his par-
ents -went to Nebraska, where he grew to manhood
upon his father's farm, receiving as good schooling
as could be obtained at that time, and in that sec-
tion. After his mother's death, and when about
eighteen j-ears of age, he operated his father's farm
for two years. He then spent one season in the
Black Hills country, returning home on account of
-sickness. He again took charge of his father's farm,
which he purchased in the spring of 1881. He
sold out in the fall of the same year, and in the
succeeding spring came to this county, -where he
purchased 160 acres of land on section 18, together
with fifteen acres of timber land. Since that time he
has been a resident of Marysville Township, giving
his attention wholly to farming and stock-raising.
In Pawnee City, Neb., July 16, 1882, was celebrated
his marriage with Miss Kate Cbristner, daughter of
Moses and Mary (Nichols) Christner, natives of
Pennsylvania. Thej' had removed from Somerset
Count}', Pa., to Richardson Count}-, Neb., in 1879,
and in the latter county they still reside. Of the

family of seven sons and six daughters, Mrs. Otto
was the eleventh. She was horn in Somerset County,
Pa., July 11, 1860. She is a most estimable woman,
proving a worthy helpmate to her husband. Mr.
and Mrs. Otto are the parents of three bright chil-
dren — Irving L., Nettie J., and Clayton.

Mr. Otto is a strong adherent of the principles of
the Union Labor party. He is a man of more than
ordinary intelligence, and with his wife has high
standing in the community in which ne resides.

^^^ TTO HOLLE is owner and occupant of a fer-
|( I) tile and well-cultivated farm of 240 acres
^^^ lying on section 20, Logan Township. Ttie
broad acres are well fenced, being divided into fields
mostly under the plow, and in meadow. On the
farm is an orchard of about 150 trees, while barn,
windmill, and other outbuildings, show its owner
to be a ijrogressive and enterprising farmer. A
fine large frame house ftffords a comfortable home
for the happy famil}'. All of this is the result of
hard work and good management by Mr. HoUe and
his wife, both of whom are justly proud of their
success in the West.

Our subject was born in Prussia, there reared
and educated under the compulsory laws, which
secure such excellent foundation for the work of
later years. He served two years in the German
army, and came to the United States in the spring
of 1866. He had embarked on the sail-ship "Co-
lumbus," which occupied six weeks in her voj'age
across the Atlantic. Landing in New York. Mr.
Holle went directly to Will County, III., where he
worked as a farm hand for a period of two and a
half j'ears. Thence he came to this count}', and
homesteaded his farm, on which he kept bachelor's
hall about three j'ears, living in a dug-out. He
then built a frame house, to which he brought his
bride, and in which they resided until about seven
years ago, when the present structure was erected.

The parents of our subject were natives of Prus-
sia, where the father, Henry Holle, died. The
mother, Dora (Rise) Holle, came to the United
States with our subject, and died in Marj'sville, at

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

193

llie home of her daughter Maiy, wife of Fred Miller,
of that city. Both parents were members of the
Lutheran Church, of which our subject and his
family are also members.

The wife of our subject was a Prussian, bearing
the maiden name of Clara Smith. Her parents,
jMathias and Julia Smith, emigrated to the United
States, and died on a farm three miles south of
Marysville. They were members of the Catholic
Church. Mr. and Mrs. Holle are the parents of
six children — Martin, Clara IM., Louisa, Fred Will-
iam, Katie, and Edward.

Mr. Holle is a man of intelligence, uprightness,
industry, and ability, and with his estimable wife
commands the hearty respect of the entire commu-
nity.

,., I^ILLIAM RAEMER, a son of Fred W. Rae-
/_ ,.i.„..„i, „f Thorn appears elsewhere

y^lLLIAM KAEMEK, a si
mer (a sketch of whom
^^ in tins volume), is nur

3), is numbered among the
rising young business men of Herkimer. He holds
the office of Constable, and since February, 1889,
has been engaged in the lumber business at this
point and at Bremen, being associated in partner-
ship with W. II. Koeneke and Mr. Carl Menier.
They handle from 35.000 to 40,000 feet of lumber
annually at Herkimer, and 12,000 to 15,000 at
Bremen. Our subject is also agent for the Hart-
ford Fire Insurance Company. He is only twenty-
six years of age, having been born Sept. 21, 1863,
and has already made fine headway on the road to
prosperity.

Mr. Raemer was born at his father's homestead
on section 12, Logan Township, and was reared on
the farm and educated in the district school. In
March, 1888, he began clerking in the office and
attending to the lumber business of Mr. Koeneke,
and gave such good satisfaction that less than a
year later he was promoted to a partnership in the
business. He was married, July 1, 1888, to Miss
Emma, daughter of John and Catherine (Neidell)
Krug, vrho was a native of Allegheny County, Pa.
Mrs. Raemer came to this county with her parents
about 1878, where her father engaged in farming

and died a few years later. The mother is still living
and a resident of Washington County, this State.
The parents were born, reared and married in
Hessen, Germany, and trained in the doctrines of
the Lutheran Church, to which they belonged. Our
subject and his little family occupy a snug h«me
on the edge of the village, and number their
friends among its best citizens. Mr. and Mrs. Rae-
mer are members of the Evangelical Church, and
our subject, politically, is a sound Republican.

\f^ DWIX S. ROWLAND. Some of the most
||=i successful farmers of Walnut Township are
J^^ those who came to Northern Kansas in their
young manhood, among whom was the subject of
this notice. With wise forethought he set about
the establishment of a home before assuming the
responsibilities of a family, and homesteaded eighty
acres of land which he has improved into a flrst-
class farm, making fences, putting up buildings,
planting forest and fruit trees and gradually accu-
mulating the comforts and conveniences which
have so large a share in the happiness and welfare
of humanity. For a number of years he operated
simply as a tiller of the soil, but now makes a
specialty of fine stock, including Clydesdale horses
and Short-horn cattle, and is able to exhibit some
of the finest specimens of these to be found in this
part of the county.

A native of New \ork State, Mr. Rowland was
born in Suffolk County, March 6, 1847, and there
spent his boyhood and youth, receiving a practical
education in the common school. lie worked with
his father on the farm and acquired those habits of
industry which have proved the basis of his success
in life. His parents were Sanford and Mary
(Thompson) Rowland, natives of Long Island.
The father was owner of a sailing vessel the
'■Dover," which was chiefly used in the oyster busi-
ness on the American coast and of which he was
commander. He was lost at sea off Fire Island
Inlet, where his ship grounded on a bar and where
he perished March 2, 1854.

The paternal grandfather of our subject spent
many years of his life on Long Island, where he

194

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

was married, reared his family and died. The ma-
ternal g'-andparents likewise died on Long Island,
in the village of Patchogue, where they had been
reared. Our subject left his native State when a
young man and after coming to this county was
united in marriage to Miss Catherine, daughter of
John and Catherine Binder, who was born in Iowa.
The parents of Mrs. Rowland were natives of Ger-
many, and further notice of them may be found in
the sketch of J. George Binder, a brother of her
father. Of her union with our subject there have
been horn three children — William, Albert and
James Franklin. Mr. Rowland is a stanch sup-
porter of Republican principles. He has always
maintained an interest in local affairs and officiated
as Township Clerk one term.

John Binder departed this life at his home in
Waterville Township, this county, Feb. 15, 1888,
after a residence of twenty-one j'ears, having come
here in 1869. He at that time homesteaded eightj'
acres on section 2, TVaterville Township, where
they reared their family of seven children and
where the mother still lives. Mis. Rowland was
their third child. She was carefully trained in all
housewifely duties, received a common-school edu-
cation and remained under the parental roof until
her marriage.

-i^^-

Ifjl. ^ UGO ROHDE, general farmer on section 10

f/jji in Logan Township, takes great pride in
l^y^ the development of this country, and the
i^^ fact that he as one of the early settlers of
this part of the county, has been a witness to much
of that progress. He was born in Prussia, Dec. 9,
1855, the son of Charles and Ernestina (Werdeich)
Rohde. In the summer of 1857 the family emi-
grated to the United States, landing in New York,
and thence going to LaSalle Count}', 111. In 1868,
they came to this county where the father pre-
empted eighty acres on section 9. Logan Township,
anil after improving it took a homestead of eighty
acres on section 10, where the parents lived until
their (loath. Though for so short a time in America,
the fiilhor displayed all the patriotism of a native

American, and upon the breaking out of the Civil
War in 1861, he enrolled himself as one of the
supporters of the Union, enlisting in Company I,
24tli Illinois Infantry. He served faithfully for
fifteen months, being promoted from the ranks to
the position of Sergeant, when he was discharged
on account of disability, having been ruptured.
His death took place June 18, 1884, at the age of
sixty-two years, being the result of the injury re-
ceived in the service. The mother survived until
the &th of December, 1887, when she too was called
from earth. Both parents were reared in the Lu-
theran faith, to whiuli the ancestry, so far as known,
were attached. They were natives of Prussia,
where their ancestors had lived for generations.
There they were married and there the family of
five children was born. The elder and third of
the children died in their native land and the sec-
ond child, after their removal to America (in Illi-
nois), leaving only our subject and a sister, Minnie,
wife of Ernest Lange, furniture dealer in Marys-
ville, to represent the family.

Our subject was in his thirteenth year when his
parents removed to this county and well remcm-
bei'S when his father took up the homestead, then
v/ild land and which he assisted in improving and
upon which he now resides. He has a comfortable
frame house, a substantial stone barn and other im-
provements upon this place, and the land under
thorough cultivation. He is also owner of 160
acres on section 16, about fifty acres being under
cultivation, the balance in pasture and meadows.
He devotes his attention to general farming but
keeps good grades of stock, his horses being
three-fourths Norman.

Our subject was married in Washington County,
Kan., to Sophia, daughter of William and Char-
lotte (Brockmeyer) Phiele, a native of St. Louis.
Mo. Her parents were natives of Hanover, Ger-
many, being members of the Lutheran Church.
Mrs. Rohde has become the mother of three chil-
dren, Carl, Bertha, and Paulina.

Mr. Rohde is a member of the Turner Lodge of
Marysville, of the A. O. U. W., and of the Druids
Societj' of Marysville. He has held the office of
Constable one year, acted as enumerator during the
census taking of 1880, and is now and has been for

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

195

several years, Justice of the Peace of the town-
ship. He is a man of strict integrity, upright
character, and good judgment, thoroughly deserv-
ing the ranic wiiich he occupies in the respect of
his fellow citizens.

ETER COHRS. Few people realize the
immense strength and importance of the
;^- German element in this county; tlicy come
hither in large numbers, and financiall}^ as
well as numerically, form a part of the community
by no means to be overlooked. Taking hold of
every department of labor, making themselves in-
dispensable in the development of every public en-
terprise, and becoming identified with our customs
and institutions, they command at once the wonder
and .admiration of other foreigners, who perchance
lack their business capacity and financial ability.

Not the least among these progressive Germans,
may be mentioned the gentleman with whose name
we introduce this sketch. He is tiie owner of a splen-
did farm of 160 acres, whose fertile soil yields
bountiful harvests, and whose broad acres are yearly
made beautiful by the ripening sheaf, the blooming
flowers, and the blushing fruits. Upon his home-
stead he has erected a pleas.ant, roomy dwelling,
prominent among others in his vicinity. His barn is
well painted and commodious, while the corn-cribs,
granaries, and other outbuildings are of the best,
and materially assist in promoting the interests of
the farm. Naturally he feels proud of his well-
improved estate, for it is the result of his own un-
aided efforts. It is almost entirely fenced and in
good cultivation.

Personally, our subject is one of tlie most promi-
nent men in his township, has served as Road
Commissioner, and in various ways advanced the
interests of his county. He is public-spirited, con-
servative and careful, guarding with a watchful
eye and u vigilant brain tiioSo public affairs and
national interests, which should be first in the
thoughts of every patriotic citizen. In company
with many others of German extraction, Mr. Cohrs
and his family are faithful attendants at the ser-

vices of the Lutheran Church, as well as regular
communicants of that denomination. They are
rearing their children in the faith of their ancestors,
and molding their characters so as to fit them, relig-
iously and socially, for positions of responsibility
and honor awaiting their future years.

The parents of our subject were Hans Henry and
Catherine Cohrs, natives of Hanover, and of German
ancestry as far back as the family record extends.
In Hanover the parents lived and there passed to
rest in 1853, the father first, and the mother sur-
viving him only one week. Their son, Peter, our
subject, was born March 15, 1847 in the same pro-
vince which was the life home of his father and
mother, was educated under the laws of compul-
sory education, and was one in a family of four
children, two of whom are now living. Early left
orphans and thrown upon the mercies of a thought-
less world, these children were separated, a brother,
Henry, and a sister, Dorethe, coming to the United
States several years before our subject himself be-
came a resident of the "land of the free."

With careful insight into the future, and a vivid
realization of what the New World held for him
over and above the opportunities presented in the
Fatherland. Peter Cohrs decided to make his home
in the United States; flattering reports from that
country having been sent back by his relatives
who had preceded him thitlier. When the Civil
War had been brought to a termination, he saw
bright prospects for the future in the reunited
country, and accordingly, in 1865, embarked from
Bremen on a sail-ship, the "Helena," which landed
him in New York, July 5, fifty-three days after
taking passage. He came immediately to Cook
County, 111., where he worked as a farm-laborer
Ave years, with the exception of two years spent in
Kansas. He, however, did not find liis ideal home
in Cook Countjs and being pleased with tiie soil
and appearance of Kansas, came to this State in
1870, and bought his present farm located on sec-
tion :i9 in Herkimer Township. Marvellous clianges
have since then been wrought by the all powerful
liand of man. Then the landscape presented a wild
aspect, with a rank growth of weeds, while all
around was uncultivated, unattractive and unim-
proved. Now tlie beholder's eye is pleased with

196

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

tlie order, regularity, and evidence of harmony ex-
isting between tlie surroundings, both in outward
form and inward workings. It seems the abode of
peace and plentj'.

The wife of our subject was also a native of Han-
over, where her parents lived till 1855. Mrs. Cohrs
was in her youth Catherine, daughter of George
and Anna (Bunker) Gieshler, who were universally
respected both in their native land and in the com-
munity of which they were residents in Kansas.
Religiously, they belonged to the Lutheran Church,
and after a life well spent in deeds of kindness and
self-sacrifice, passed quietly and hopefullj' to rest.
They had resided for fourteen years in Illinois
prior to their removal to Kansas in 1869, and it
was in this latter State that they died. After the
marriage of our subject and his wife, which took
place ,]une 18, 1874, they lived for a time on rented
land, then had a house built on his present home-
stead, into which they removed. The home circle
is gladdened b}' the birth and presence of four
children, namely: Henry, Anna, Fred and Cather-
ine. They are now at home and receiving careful
training for life's responsibilities.

In politics Mr. Cohrs is an Independent.

^55EORGE FREDERICK GERLINGER.
(jl ,=, Perhaps in no portion of the world are the
^^iill results of industry and perseverance more
clearly defined than in the Great West. Fiftj-
years ago a large portion of its terrritory lay un-
tilled, and it is hardly necessary to say that its
present civilized condition, its rich farms and flour-
ishing villages, have been brought into existence
only by those men possessing an unlimited amount
of enterprise and energy. In noting the career of
the leading men of Marshall County, the name of
Mr. Gerlinger can b}' no means be properly omitted
from the list. Ha represents farm property to the
amount of 720 broad acres, his homestead being
finely located on section 9, Elm Creek Township.
He commenced in life dependent upon his own re-
sources and has arrived at his present position, so-
cially and financiallj', solely by his own eliorts.

Next in importance to a man's personal history,
is that of his forefathers. Our subject is the son
of Christian Gerlinger, who was born in Germany,
where he received a practical education, and
was married to Miss Sophia Schmidt, a maiden
of his own Province. His distinguishing trait was
his desire to get on in the world and to follow a
course which would be best for those dependent
upon him. There seemed little prospect of attain-
ing his desire in the Fatherland and, according!}' in
184G, he set out for America. The voyage across
the Atlantic was made in a sailing-vessel, and the
family first settled in Pennsylvania, sojourning
there, however, only a short time. Then they re-
moved to Milwaukee, Wis., of which place they
were residents about fifteen j'ears. The father of
our subject then having his attention attracted to
Northern Kansas as a desirable location for a man
with little means, came to this county and settled
in Elm Creek Township. He redeemed a portion
of the soil, and constructed therefrom a comfort-
able homestead, where be and his estimable wife
spent the remainder of their days.

The subject of this sketch was the only child of
his parents, and was born in Wurtemburg, Ger-
many, April 24, 1840. He was a child of six years
when his parents emigrated to America, and he
came with them to this county in April, 1862. He
acquired his education mostly in the common
schools, and at an early age was tauglit to make
himself useful, and became imbued with those hab-
its of thrift and prudence which are the leading
characteristics of the German nationality. When
reaching man's estate he was married in Nemeha
County, May 25,1868. to Miss Augusta Weyer, who
born July 15, 1842, to Frederick and Mary Louisa
Weyer. This lady was a native of his own coun-
tr}-, and after becoming the mother of four chil-
dren, departed this life at the homestead Sept. 25,
1880. One of their sons — John — died when an in-
fant of six months. George P., born July 17.
1870; Christian A., Sept. 27. 1871. and William
E., Aug. 30. 1873, remain at home with their
father.

Mr. Gerlinger contracted a second marriage Aug.
16, 1881. in Milwaukee, Wis., with Miss Elizabeth
Munzinger, who born Sept. 8, 1850, near the Cream

PORTRAIT AND BIO&RAPHICAL ALBUM.

199

City, and lived there until her marriage. Both
Mrs. Gerlinger and her husband are members in
good standing of the Lutheran Church. Mr. Ger-
linger, poliiicalij, is independent, a man who does
his own thinking and endeavors to support the men
whom he considers best qualified for office. In his
fanning operations, he makes a specialty' of stock-
breeding, and has all the conveniences for the suc-
cessful prosecution of his calling. He has erected
good buildings on his place, and avails himself of
modern machiner3' in the cultivation of the soil.
Among his fellow-citizens he is uniformly popular,
and his home is the frequent resort of the best peo-
ple of Elm Creek Township. We call the atten-
tion of our many readers to an elegant lithographic
view of the handsome residence and surroundings
on the farm of Mr. Gerlinger, to be found on an-
other page of this work.

^^^ BSALOM H. JESTER has for many years
been an active citizen and earnest woiker

jjj lii for the promotion of the best interests of
Marshall Count}-, where he has attained
the worthy reputation of being public-spirited, lib-
eral, and industrious. By trade a carpenter, he
has devoted his later years to agricultural pursuits,
owning and cultivating a fine farm on section 30,
Center Township. By developing the best inter-
ests of his own estate, he has thereby elevated the
standard of agriculture in this county, and has
stimulated others to more determined efforts by his
successful operation of his farm.

Inheriting the thrift of a long line of Scotch an-
cestrjr, he lias had the hearty co-operation of a
worthy helpmate for many years. Mrs. Jester has
all the charms and attractions of gracious woman-
hood, mellowed and subdued by age. Of charit-
able disposition, winning and kind, the poor never
fear to approach her, while those in her own social
sphere rival each other in bestowing upon her those
little favors so gratefully received by ail the gen-
tler sex. She was united in marriage with our sub-
ject, in Springfield. 111., July 11, 1850, and has
ever since then been a true wife, faithful compan-

ion, and active co-laborer, working earnestly for
the promotion of the family welfare. Not alone
has she been a worthy helpmate, but in every sense
of the word, she has been a devoted mother to her
children, of whom there are eight. We herewith
give the family record: John, Julia, Ann, Varden,
Ch.irles, Katie, Stephen, and Mattie. Ann died
when just budding into womanhood, at the in-
teresting age (if sixteen years. She was buried
near the homestead, in Center Township; Varden
was taken from the family circle when an infant;
John married Laura Crary, and resides in Colorado;
Julia is the wife of George Thomas, and lives in
Marysville; Mattie married Edward Dexter, a resi-
dent of this county; Charles and Stejihen are at
home.

Politically, Mr. Jester is an active supporter of
Democratic principles, working for the election of
their ticket in all National and local affairs. To-
gether with his wife he attends services at the
Baptist Church, of which both are members. Mr.
Jester has filled with characteristic abilitj' several
school offices, but prefers the quiet of the domestic
circle to the uproar of official life.

The father of our subject, John B. Jester, was a
native of Scotland, and by occupation a shoemaker.
In early manhood he married Tabitha Jones, who
was born on the eastern shore of Maryland. After
marriage, they removed to Woodford County, Ky.,
where he followed his trade several years. During
their sojourn in that county, our subject was born
Nov. 1, 1822. and was one among nine children
born to John Jester and his helpmate. He was the
third in order of birth, and was eight years old
when his parents left their Kentuckj' home, and
located in Sangamon County, 111. Plere, as in Ken-
tucky, Mr. Jester was occupied with his trade, but
afterward became interested in farming pursuits.
Both he and his wife died in their Illinois home.

For twenty years a resident of the capital cit}'
of the great State of Illinois, our subject there was
engaged as a carpenter, and enjoyed the personal
acquaintance of President Lincoln, who was then
entering upon that career so brilliant, so wonder-
ful, and so suddenly terminated in the midst of the
greatness achieved, when he had been placed on the
pinnacle of renown, by a loving, reunited people.

200

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Leaving SiiringSekl, Mr. Jester returnert to his
father's old homestead, and made it the scene of
his labors for six years. In the autumn of 1869
he left that place and settled in Center Township,
on section 30, this county, where he has since re-
sided. He preempted a homestead of eighty acres
on section 30, and has since added another eighty
to the original claim. Upon his estate he has
erected a commodious residence, and has also set
out fruit trees, and otherwise improved the prop-
erty.

Mrs. Jester is tlie daughter of John and Ann
(Wetherell) Connelly, who after their marriage,
settled in Georgetown, D. C. and there resided
until the year 1837, when they came to Sangamon
County, 111., settling in Springfield. There the
father followed the occupation of a shoemaker, and
filled various offices of trust, and became prominent
among those of his social circle in his vicinitj-.
He and his wife reared a family of eleven children,
six daughters and five sons. Of these Mrs. Jester
was the eighth child, and was born in Georgetown,
D. C, Feb. 28, 1832, accompanying her parents on
their removal later, to Springfield, where she met
and married the subject of this sketch.

During the period of their residence here, Mr.
and Mrs. Jester have endeared themselves to those
with whom they have associated, and are known in
tlieir community for their good works.

l^xATRICK J. FARRELL. It is a remark-
able man, who takes no pleasure in view-
ing the evidences of thrift and enterprise
in a community, the cultivated fields of
the agricultural districts, especially, the substantial
buildings and the various other indications of in-
dustry and prosperity. He who has built up for
himself such a homestead among an intelligent peo-
ple, is worth3- of moi^e than a passing mention.
The farm of Mr. Farrell, which is pleasantly lo-
cated on section 7, AValnut Township, invariably
attracts the eye of the passing traveler, its fields
being well tilled and productive, its buildings neatly
painted and kept in good repair, and the surround-

ings generalij' indicative of a man intent upon
reaching a high point of excellence, both socially
and financiallj'.

The subject of this notice was born in County
Longford, Ireland, March 4, 1849, and is the son
of Patrick and Marj- (Milnamow) Farrell, who
emigrated to the United States when Patrick J. was
a child of two years. They made the voyage on
a sailing-vessel of tlie Black Star Line, and landed in
New York City in December, 1851. Thence thej'
proceeded to De Kalb County, 111., where the father
occupied himself as a farmer, and where he still
lives. The mother died in 1886. Both were mem-
bers of the Catholic Church, of Killishee Parish.

Mr. Farrell came when a 30ung man, in 1869. to
this State, and homesteaded 160 acres of land
where he now lives, and which occupies the south-
east quarter of section 7. He had acquired a com-
mon-school education in Illinois, together with
those habits of industry and frugalit}-, which have
l3een the secret of his success. When becoming
sufficiently established, financially, he was married
in this county, on June 20, 1877, to Miss Mary C,
daughter of Thomas and Elizabeth (Downey) Flem-
ing, who was born in Bruce County, Canada, and
whose father was a native of Kilkenny, Ireland.
The latter when a young man, emigrated with his
parents, William and Catherine (Blackey) Fleming,
to the Dominion, and there his parents spent their
last days. The father was a member of the Church
of England, and the mother was a Catholic in re-
ligious belief; the father when married also joined
the Catholic Church. Grandmother Fleming died
soon after landing in Quebec. Grandfather Flem-
ing died while on a visit to his daughter in Michi-
gan. Mrs. Farrell's mother was born in Canada,
where she was reared to womanhood, and married.
The parents of Mrs. Farrell are now residents of
Pottawatomie County, this State. The maternal
grandparents were Patrick and Elizabeth (Phelan)
Downe3', both natives of Kilkenny, and members of
the Catholic Church.

Mr. and Mrs. Farrell began their wedded life to-
gether on the farm where they now live, and upon
which great changes have been brought about since
our subject took possession. Besides the buildings
mentioned, there is an abundance of fruit and

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

201

sliade trees, including a fine orcyiard of about 100
apple trees. The land is largely devoted to pastur-
age. Mr. and Mrs. FarrcU are members in good
standing of the Catholic Church, and our subject,
politicallj', votes tlie straight Democratic ticket.
He has served as Township Trustee two years, and
also as Road Overseer, and Clerk of his school dis-
trict several years. The household circle includes
six bright and interesting children, viz.: Patrick,
Elizabeth T., Thomas L., Bernard W., Gregorj%
and Henry iM.

Mrs. Farrell is a ver3' intelligent lady, and well
educated, having completed lier studies in the
Catholic school at Galesburg, 111., of which she was
a student four years. She was also in the convent
at Farniassa, Canada, four 3'ears. In 1885 Mr.
Farrell and his famil}' visited their old home in
Delvalb Count}', 111., and also took in the great
and growing cit}- of Chicago.

I AMES SHROYER. A plain and unassum-
ing citizen, the subject of this notice h.as
long been recognized as one of those men
(^^// possessing the qualities of character which
form the basis of all good society, and lend dignity'
and worth to a community. He has been content
to pursue the even tenor of his way. giving his
thoughts mostly to his family and his farm, but at
the same time has maintained a uniform interest in
the progress and welfare of the people about him.
He has a very pleasant farailj- and aVife possessing
great excellence of character, a lad\' who is warmly
interested in the cause of education, maintaining a
worthy ambition to give her children the best of
advantages. Their home makes one of those quiet
country pictures, having a charm about it greater
than that which wealth or ambition can give.

Philip Shroj'er, the father of our subject, was a
native of Penns3'lvania where he was reared to
farming pursuits and married Miss Catherine Lash,
a native of his own State. Soon after uniting tiieir
destinies they removed to Perry County, Ohio,
where the father was cut down in his prime, djing
when his son James, our subject, was about seven

years old. The mother subsequently removed to
Fulton County. Ind., and later came to this county
and died about 1878. The family of nine children
consisted of seven sons and two daughters, of whom
James was the youngest born. He first opened his
eyes to the light near Thornville, Perry Co., Ohio,
.Sept. 30, 1841, and was eight years old when his
mother left the Buckeye State and removed to Ind-
iana. He was reared to manhood in the latter
State and came to this county in the fall of 18(14,
when twenty-three years old. He secured a tract
of land on section 31, Elm Creek Township, and
established the homestead where he now lives. He
is now the owner of 320 acres of land upon which
he has erected good buildings, planted forest and
fruit trees, and gathered about himself and his fam-
ily the other comforts and conveniences of modern
life.

The marriage of our subject with Miss Sarah
Blalock took place at the home of the bride in Elm
Creek Township, Sept 12, 1869. Mrs. Shroyer is
the daughter of John and Rosamond (Hill) Blalock;
the mother is deceased, the father is a resident
of Texas. The wife of our subject was born in
Grant County, Wis., Sept. 20, 1845, and received
a good education, after which she followed the
profession of a teacher in this county and other
places, until her marri.age. This union has resulted
in the birth of four children, viz.: Warren is now
a student at Plattville, Grant Co., Wis. ; John,
Ferdinand, and Mary J., are at home with their
parents and receiving the benefits of a good edu-
cation. Mr. Shroyer, politically, affllliates with
the Democratic party, but has never sought the re-
sponsibilities of office. Mrs. Shroyer is promi-
nently connected with the Congregational Church.

IP DAM SACHS. The reader will at once
_ , recognize this name as belonging to a
I * German citizen, and the biographer found
him located on one of the best farms in
Walnut Township, pleasantly situated on section 8.
The homestead in all its appointments indicates
the thrift and industry of the proprietor, from the

202

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

large neatly-painted frame dwelling, to tbe barn
and other outbuildings, the fat cattle and other
well-fed live stock, the machinery and all the
appurtenances usually emploj'ed bj- the skillful
and thorougii agriculturist. The soil has been
brought to a highly fertile condition and very little
of it is allowed to run to waste. Mr. Sachs is one
of the most worthy representatives of his national-
ity, and has been no unimportant factor in uphold-
ing the reputation of his adopted township as one
of the most intelligent communities in this region.

A native of the Kingdom of Bavaria, German}',
our subject was born Jan. 2, 1847, and reared un-
der the compulsory education laws of his native
land. He spent his boyhood and youth on the
farm of his parents, Lawrence and Maggie (Goller)
Sachs, who were likewise natives of Bavaria and of
pure German ancestry. The}' were most excellent
and worthy people, members in good standing in
the Lutheran Church, and spent their entire lives
on their native soil.

Our subject left his native shore in 1868 on the
steamer "Weser," and after a voyage of eleven
days landed safely in New York City on the 16th
of September. He made his way directly from
the metropolis to Scott County, Iowa, where he
employed himself as a farm laborer three years.
Afterward he established himself on a rented farm
which he operated two years and then removed,
first to Guthrie County, Iowa, and next to Adams
County, Neb. In the latter county he purchased a
claim, chiefly with money which he had made by
months of hard labor, and next took unto himself
a wife and helpmate. This lady was Miss Philipina,
daughter of Philip Schoneberger, a native of his
own country, and the}- lived on that farm until
1883, during which 3-ear our subject came to this
county.

Mr. Sachs now purchased 240 acres of land, that
which constitutes his present farm, and has since
given to it his best efforts. He makes a specialty
of Short-horn cattle, an industry in which he has
been very successful and which yields him a hand-
some income. At the same time he takes an inter-
est in ever3'thing pertaining to the general welfare
of his community, being the friend of education
and progress in all its forms and uniformly sup-

porting the principles of the Democratic party. He
has held the office of School Treasurer in his dis-
trict for the last four years, is a man prompt to
meet his oblig^ations and one whose word is consid-
ered as good as his bond. Both he and his wife
are leading members of the Lutheran Church in the
faith of which they have been reared since child-
hood; they have two children, whose names are
George and Mary, who are receiving the benefits of
a good common school education.

ETER J. SCHUMACHER. This gentle-
man, who is on the sunn}- side of fortj'
and who is a farmer b}' occupation, havin.o-
a well-regulated homestead on section 12,
in Logan Township, was born in Wisconsin, Oct.
12, 1860, and lived there until a child of seven
years. About 1867 his parents removed to the
Northern ijart of the Wolverine State, but not be-
ing satisfied with tiieir surroundings, came a year
later to this county and located on tlie farm now
occupied b}' tlieir son. Here our subject was reared
until approaching to man's estate and when about
eighteen j'ears old, the parents, leaving the farm in
his hands, removed to another on section 18, Lo-
gan Township, where they still reside.

Mr. Schumacher was the third born in a family
of six children, one of whom is deceased. He was
educated in the district school and when twenty-
five years old, was married in Logan Township to
Miss Paulina C, daughter of Anton and Julia
(Richard) Iluber. The parents of Mrs. Schumacher
were natives of La.Salle (Jounty, III., where they
lived until she was about three years old. The}'
then removed to this county and are still residents
of Franklin Township. The young people began
their wedded life together under the old roof tree,
and are now the parents of one child, a son, An-
drew, who was born July 21, 1888.

The farm of our subject comprises 160 acres of
good land, the greater part of which is in a good
stale of cultivation. He lias a substantial frame
dwelling with a good barn and an orchard of about
100 fruit trees, besides other fruit and shade trees.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBTTM.

203

He has been quite a prominent man in his commu-
nity and in tlie spring of 1887 was elected Trustee
of Herkimer Township, and re-elected in the spring
(if 1888-89. He superintended tlie assessment of
tlie township after its division in the spring of 1889,
the south lialf being given the name of Logan. He
lilvcvvise served as Constable five j'oars prior to his
first election as Township Trustee. Sociall}', he
belongs to the I. O. O. F., Otto Lodge, No. 85, of
MarysvilJeand to the Turner Lodge of that place.
His farming operations are conducted with that
good judgment and skill which has made his land
a source of a comfortable income, whereby he is
able to surround his family with everything needful
for their comfort and happiness. He is First Ser-
geant of Company G, 3d Regiment, K. N. G.

^ jiJLLlAM R. RICI
\/iJ/' Creek, has been a
W^ and makes his head

RICE, Postmaster of Elm
life-long agriculturist,
s headquarters at a good farm
on section 35. He has a sulistantial and tasteful
modern residence, and his domestic affairs are pre-
sided over by a lady of more than ordinarj' intelli-
gence and worth. The family is widely and favor-
ably known and occupy a high social position
among the leading people of their community.

In reverting to the early history of our subject,
we find that he was the eldest of a familj' of twelve
children — six sons and six daughters — the off-
spring of Isaac N. and Hannah (Collier) Rice, tlie
former of whom is supposed to have been a native
of Virginia, while the latter was born in Kentuck3^
Tlie parents of our subject after their marriage set-
tled in Washington County, the latter State, where
the father carried on farming for a time and then,
in October, 1850, moved across the Mississippi into
Buchanan County, Mo. There the parents spent
the remainder of their lives. William R. was born
in Washington County-, Ky., Feb. 8, 1839, and was
consequently a lad of eleven years when he accom-
panied the famiy to Missouri. He lived there
until 1862, engaged in farming pursuits. In the
s|iring of that year, his attention having been called
to the fertde lands of Northern Kansas, he came

to this county and settled on section 35. The fol-
lowing year he removed to Marysville, and lived
there two years, engaged in blacksmithing and
wagon-making. With this exception, his life oc-
cupation has been that of a farmer. In 1865 he
i-eturned to his possessions in Elm Creek Town-
ship, where he lived until April, 1866, then
removed into Blue Rapids City, remaining there
until 1874. He then returned to the farm, where
he has since lived. This embraces at the present
243 acres of choice land, which he is cultivating
with excellent results and at the same time carry-
ing on his blacksmith shop. This latter is a great
convenience to the people of this region, and is
generouslj^ patronized. The proprietor is a man
prompt to meet his obligations and stands well
among his neiglibors.

Our subject was married in Elm Creek Town-
ship, Sept. 13, 1860 to Miss Susan M., daughter of
James and Sarah (Farris) Taylor. The parents of
Mrs. Rice, it is believed, were natives of Kentucky,
but after their marriage they settled in 'Indiana.
Later, they removed to Illinois, and thence to
Buchanan County, Mo. In 1859, they once more
changed their residence, locating then in this
county, on a farm in Elm Creek Township, where
they spent their remaining days. Their family
consisted ,'of twelve children, only six of whom
lived to mature j-ears, four sons and two daugh-
ters.

Mrs. Rice was born in Andrew County, Mo.,
April 26, 1841. Of her marriage with our subject
there have been born seven children, the eldest of
whom, a son, James N., died when a child of
eigliteen months; John L. died when fourteen
months old ; Martha A. became the wife of Will-
iam H. Leach, and died in Wells Township, this
county, Feb. 2, 1889, at the age of twenty-four
years; William I. married Miss Minnie Thompson
of Marysville, they live in Elm Creek Township;
Albert, Charles F. and Edgar D. remain at home
with their parents. Mr. Rice was appointed Post-
master under the administration of President
Arthur in September, 1882, and has since held the
office. Politically, he is a sound Democrat.

On the 13th of September, 1885. Mr. and Mrs.
Rice appropriately celebrated the twent3'-fiftli an-

204

POHritAlt AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALl3tJM.

niversary of tlieir wedding. A large number of
friends and relatives were present at the homestead
and a goodly number of valuable gifts were pre-
sented the couple in remembrance of their silver
wedding. Among the guests was one lady, Mrs.
Eliza Jane Gift, who was a witness of the ceremony
which made the twain man and wife in their
youth. It was an occasion which will long be re-
membered with pleasure by those who were pres-
ent, and who expressed their wishes that many
more years might be granted Mr. and IMrs. Rice on
the journej' of life together.

<«i I^ILLIAM LOVE. Our subject is of Irish
1^^^ ancestry and birth, his father, John, and
^p^ his mother, Mary (Douelly) Love, both
having been natives of the Emerald Isle, on which
they lived and died. They had a family of eleven
children, of whom our subject was the fourth. He
was born in County Cavan, in 1826, and in his six-
teenth year left home to make for himself a place
among the residents of the New World. He landed
at Brooklyn, N. Y., where he made his home for
three 3'ears. engaged a portion of that time in stage
driving. He then went to Schoharie County-, N. Y.,
where he worked upon a farm for some time, then
buying a half-interest in a steam sawmill, he fol-
lowed this business for about two years. Selling
out, he removed to Delaware County, N. Y., where
he engaged in lumbering for nearly a year. He
afterward spent some time in Chicago, Milwaukee,
and other cities of the northwest, engaging in dif-
ferent occupations as the demands of the region
made most profitable. Among his various employ-
ments, was that of a carpenter, and engineer of a
threshing machine. In Menomonee. Wis., he en-
gaged in mercantile pursuits, afterward in the
wholesale and retail liquor business, and traded in
furs. Here he met Mrs. Lydia H. Inglesbe, a
woman of that noble nature fitted to make a happy
home. To this lady Mr. Love was married in 1871,
and he then removed to this county, locating on
section 12, Marys ville Township, where he has since
that time devoted his attention to farming. He

now owns 240 acres of land on whicli are the usual
improvements of the enterprising and progressive
farmer.

Mrs. Love was a native of Delaware County,
N. Y., whei-e she was born July 23, 1837. Her first
husband was Henry Inglesbe, who died in Menom-
onee, Wis. Tiie fruit of this union was five chil-
dren, two of whom grew to maturity': William
Inglesbe married Emerilla Bigham, and resides in
this count}'; Jennie was the wife of Kennet Bent-
ley, of Marysville Township. She died in 1889.

Mr. Love is a supporter of the principles of
the Republican party. He possesses all the native
wit for which his countrymen are so justly noted,
is a man of varied ability, and is held in high es-
teem by his fellow-citizens. His wife is a worthy
associate, looking well to the ways of her house-
hold, and proving an efficient aid to his financial
and social success.

y^ARREN S. LESLIE. It is a great mistake
to suppose that refinement and intelligence
W^ are confined to the limits of the incorpor-
ated cities. The biographer in making his rounds
through the rural districts, frequently meets with
men of more than oi'dinary intelligence, readers,
and well-informed, those who keep themselves
abreast of the times, and well-posted upon current
events. Among these may be properly classed the
subject of this notice, who is a man particularh'
progressive in his ideas, and one with whom an hour
may alwaj'S be spent in a pleasurable and profitable
manner. Mr. Leslie believes in availing himself
of every opportunity for mental improvement, and
has a thorough appreciation of the value of history
and biography, without which no community can
preserve a proper record of its local affairs. Farm-
ing has been his life occupation, and we find him
snugly situated at a well-regulated homestead on
section 34, Elm Creek Township.

In examining the records of the Leslie family,
we find that they were first represented in New
England, at an earl^' day. The father of our sub-
ject was Cyrus Leslie, a native of Vermont, who

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

205

resided in his native county until earl3^ manhood,
and was married to Miss Elvira Smith, a maiden
probably of his own township. He served an ap-
prenticeship at the tailor's trade, which he followed
the greater part of his life in the Green iNIountain
State. The parental household included seven
children, of whom Warren S. was the fourth in or-
der of birth.

Mr. Leslie was born in Pl3'mouth, Windsor Co.,
Vt., Dec. 14, 1841, and was left fatherless at the
early age of seven years. He was placed on a farm
in his native county, where he became familiar with
agricultural pursuits, whicii he followed with the
exception of the time spent in the army, until he
was a man of twenty-six 3'oars. On the 18th of
May, 1861, he enlisted at Ludlow, in Company I,
2d Vermont Infantry, in which he served until
February, 1863, and was then obliged to accepthis
honorable discharge on account of disability occa-
sioned by a wound received while in camp. He
participated in manj' of the important battles of
the war, being present at the first engagement of
Bull Run, and was afterward at Lee's Mill, Will-
iamsliurg. and the seven day's fight under (ren.
McClellan, at .South Mountain and Antietam. At
Bull Run he received a bruise from a spent ball,
which, however, was not serious.

Upon his discharge from tiie army, our subject
returned to his native State, and for two years was
employed on a farm in the vicinity of Rutland.
The 3-ear following he spent on a farm in the vicin-
ity (if Pittsford, then returning to Plymouth, so-
journed there until the spring of 1868. Thatj'earhe
left New England, and spent about twelve months
in Jackson Countj^ Kan. We next find him set-
tled in tills county, on a farm of eightj^ acres, occu-
pying a portion of section 34, Elm Creek Township.
Here he has since remained, bringing the soil to a
good state of cultivation, and erecting substantial
buildings. He is a universal favorite among his
fellow-citizens, being of that genial and compan-
ionable temperarrent which makes for him friends
wherever he goes.

While a resident of his native State, our subject
wiis married, Oct. 18, 1866, at Woodstock, to Miss
Alice D., daughter of William B. Newman, a sketch
,of whom appears on another page in this volume.

Mrs. Leslie was also born in Vermont, where she
spent most of her early life. They have one child
only, a daughter, Eva B.. who is now the wife of
John Prell, of Elm Creek Township. Mr. Leslie,
politically, is a stanch Republican, but aside from
holding the office of Township Treasurer, mixes
very little in public affairs. Both the parents and
the daughter are prominently identified with the
Baptist Church.

^APT. FRANK KISTER. Among those
(11 ID """^^^^ history is eminently worthy of record,
^&y stands prominently the name of this gentle-
man who for many years w.as one of the leading resi-
dents of Marysville Township, and who departed
this life July 6, 1872. He was born in the little
village of Wrego, Prussia, Dec. 28, 1825, and lived
there until a youth of seventeen yeai-s. He was
placed in school at an early age, and pursued his
studies until a lad of fourteen years. He spent the
following three ^^ears under the parental roof, then,
leaving home, served an apprenticeship at the
miller's trade, which he followed in different places,
but mostl}' in Wittenberg, where he was in the
em[)loy of one man five years. In the meantime
he met and married Miss Augusta Paulina Woel-
fel, also a native of Prussia, and born in Eislepen,
Aug. 23, 1827.

After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Kister set-
tled in their native Province, and Mr. Kister pur-
chased a flouring-mill near Wittenberg, which he
operated about three years. The building was
then destroyed by fire, and, in addition, they lost
all their clothing and household goods, as the fire
occurred in the night, which was a very cold one,
and they barely escaped with their lives, enduring-
great suffering. After the destruction of his mill,
Mr. Kister making the best of the circumstances,
entered the employ of others, and for one year
worked in the city mill at Wittenberg. While en.
gaged in some repairs, he accidentally dropped a
broad ax upon one of his feet, which greatly im-
paired his usefulness as a workman and laid him up
for some time. He vvas becoming greatly disoour-

•206

l»ORTftAtT Aisrt)- BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

aged, and in March, 1855, determined to emigrate
to America. Witii his familj-, he embarked upon a
sailing-vessel, and May 7 landed safely in New
York City. Thence they proceeded directly to
White Pigeon, Mich., where Mr. Kister obtained
employment, and later was engaged in a sawmill
about three and one-half miles from White Pigeon,
where he remained three j'ears. He then rented the
mill, which he conducted successfully for several
years. The family lived in that vicinity until
August, 1860, then, coming to Kansas, settled in
Marysville, which remained their home. until after
the close of the war.

In December, 1861, our subject enlisted, at
Mar3'sville, in Company K, 2d Kansas Cavalry,
and was mustered into service on the 10th of Jan-
uary, 1862. He was soon promoted to the rank
of Sergeant, but two years later was detailed for
the recruiting service, and raised a company of
colored men at Ft. Scott and vicinity, of which he
was made Captain, this being Company D, 83d
Kansas Infantry, of which he retained the com-
mand until the close of the war. He was a man of
cool judgment and great bravery, and by his
fidelity to duty secured the approval of his supe-
rior officers and the lo3'altjr of his subordinates.

Upon receiving his honorable discharge, Capt.
Kister, returning to Marj'sville, entered the employ
of Perry Hutchinson, the noted miller, with whom
he remained some two or three years. In the mean-
time he homesteaded 160 acres of land on section
17, from which he constructed a good farm, which
was afterward conducted b}^ his two sons.. In due
time the Captain took up his abode at the farm,
where he spent his last days. The hardships and
privations which he had endured in the service,
had their permanent effect upon his constitution, and
he never fully recovered his former good health. In
time dropsy set in, from which he suffered for sev-
eral months prior to his decease.

Both as a citizen and soldier, Capt. Kister had
conducted himself in that manner which gained
him the esteem and confidence of all who knew
him. He was libeial and public-spirited, and uni-
formly gave his encouragement to those measures
calculated for the best good of the community.
Since his death. Mrs. Kister has managed the farm

with excellent judgment, and it is now the source
of a comfortable income. Mrs. Kister is a very
intelligent and pleasant lad}', and entirely devoted
to the interests of her children. In every position
which she has been called upon to fill, she has main-
tained a womanly dignity which has gained her
the admiration and esteem of all with whom she
comes in contact. She has for a number of years
been a member in good standing of the Lutheran
Church, to which she gives a liberal support.

The six children born to Capt. Kister and his
estimable wife are recorded as follows: Oscar H.
married Miss Naomi Angell, and lives in Bridge-
port, Mono Co., C'al. ; he is now County Clerk of
that county. Henrj- J., Ida J. and Edith J. remain
at home with their mother. Frank died when an
infant of two weeks; Emma L. became the wife
of Charles H. Griffee, and died at Beatrice, Neb.,
March 13, 1887. The Kister homestead is kept
up in good shape, and, while making no pretensions
to elegance, presents a picture of plenty and com-
fort, which is pleasing to contemplate.

-v-^. .o«.o.•S^X^■«♦o *,—

- ATRICK FARRELL. The generous, open-
)l) hearted and industrious Irish-born citizen
is admirably represented in the subject of
this notice, who occupies no unimportant
position in his community, and is well known to a
large portion of the residents of Walnut Township,
lie lives on a well-regulated farm of 160 acres, occu-
pying the northwest portion of section 7. the land
of which is highly productive and yields to the
proprietor a good income. Without making any
pretensions to show or elegance, Mr. Farrell enjoys
a goodly measure of the comforts of life, and is
ever willing to lend a helping hand to those about
him.

The native place of our subject is County Long-
ford, Ireland, where he was born in May, 1843, and
where he lived until a youth of eighteen years.
He was a bright and ambitious boj' and at an early
age determined to be somebody in the world, but
seeing little prospect of .attaining to his ambition
in his own country, he. at the age mentioned, set.

Residence b< Quarries ofA.R. Esterbrqok, Qketo Chy, Kansas.

Residence of Joseph Ellenbecker, 5ec. 30. Marysville Township.

Residence of Henry N1iemann/5ec.32. Oketo Township.

t^OfetRAiT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

209

out for the United States, umking the vo\age on
the sailing ship '-Vanguard," and landing in New
York City in November, 1863. Thence he made
his way directh- to DeKalb County, 111., of M'hich
he was a resident six years, employing himself at
whatever he could find to do. We find him strik-
ing out for Northern Kansas in the spring of 1869,
and he soon homesteaded 160 acresupon which he
still resides. Upon it he has effected many im-
provements, putting up a frame house, a stable and
the other buildings required for the successful pros-
ecution of his calling. He keeps a limited quantity
of live-stock, including some good horses, and
with the exception that he has never married, he
has performed all the obligations of an honest man
and a good citizen. He makes his home with a
family whom he employs to keep house for him.
He is moral and upright and a prominent member
of the Catholic Church.

The parents of our subject were .Tames and Ann
(Farrell) Farrell, also natives of Ireland, where
they spent their entire lives. They had a family
of seven children, and our subject was the only
one of the family who came to the United States.
His ancestors for many generations, it is supposed,
had lived in County Longford, where the parents
spent their last days.

HILIPP RAEMER. The town of Herkimer
bas been remarkably fortunate in the num-
ber of its prominent and wide-awake men
who have, since coming within its borders,
given to it, in a large measure, their fostering care.
Many of these are emanations of the Fatherland, as
was the subject of this sketch, who was born in
Prussia, Aug. 25, 1834. Besides his interests in
the village he has a good farm adjacent, and is
generally considered well-to-do. Public-spirited
and liberal, he not only takes an interest in the so-
cial and financial welfare of his community, but is
active in promoting the interests of the Evangeli-
cal Church.

In accordance with the laws and customs of his
native country, our subject was plac^ed in school

at an early age, where he pursued his studies quite
steadily until a lad of fourteen years. He made
his home with his parents on the farm, and was one
of sis children born to John William and Alberte-
nia (Elstdorf) Raemer, who were likewise natives
of Prussia, and of pure German stock. They be-
longed to the Evangelical Church, in the faith of
which the mother died when a comparatively young
woman. John Raemer was subsequently mariiea
to Miss Margaret Rheinharth. He emigrated with
his family to America in 1858, and after an ocean
voyage of forty-nine da3's, thej- landed in New York
City, and thence proceeded to Wisconsin, whence,
in 1860, they came to this county. Locating on a
tract of wild prairie land on section 11, Logan
Township, the father improved the farm where he
with his second wife spent his last days.

When first becoming a land owner, our subjeitt pre-
empted 160 acres on section 12, where he now lives,
and from which a part of the village of Herk-
imer was laid off. He put up substantial buildings,
including a commodious house with a good barn and
outbuildings, planted an orchard and brought his
land to a good state of cultivation. He remembers
the time when Indians still lingered in this region,
and when Marysville was a mere hamlet. Later he
added to his real estate possessions, and is now the
owner of 320 acres, less about four acres, with
which he has parted and which now comprises a
part of the town site and a church block. He took
an active part in the erection of the Evangelical
Church edifice, donating an acre of ground where
it is now l)elng built. Mr. Raemer was married
March 3, 1868, to Miss Dortlia Fisher; she was the
daughter of Frederick and Mena (Olendorf) Fisher.
Mrs. Raemer was born in the village of Emten,
Hanover, Germany, and removed with her parents
to Will County, 111., and afterward removed to
.Marshall County, Kan. Nine children have been
born to Mr. and Mrs. Raemer, named respectively,
Dena, Mena, Sophia. August, Philip, Edward, Katie,
George and Dora. The eldest is twenty years old,
and the youngest eighteen months. They make a
very bright and interesting group, and will be giveu
the education and training suitable to their station
in life.

During the late war Mr. Raemer was a member

•210

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

of the Kansas Home Guards under Capt. Frank
Smith. He was connected with the church at
Marysville until the spring of 1869, when an or-
ganization was effected in Herkimer. He was a
member of the Board of Trustees in Marysville,
and held other positions of responsibility. He is a
citizen who is held in high esteem, and whose
opinions are generally respected. Politically, he
was formerly a Republican, but is now independent
in politics.

P,ILLIAM KENNEDY. One of the sweet-
est of American poets tells us that we all
^^'^' are " architects of fate, working on the
walls of time." How important, then, is it that
we realize the necessity of building not for time,
but for eternity, of building a structure so firm,
so durable that the storms of trouble can only
shake, but never destroy it. He of whom we write
this brief record has certainly realized the impor-
tance of life, and determined to obtain his share of
this world's goods. Being of Scotch parentage, he
possesses those sturdy, independent qualities, for
which the natives of Scotland are famous the
world over.

Natives of Rossbire, Scotland, Donald and
Mary (McDonald) Kennedy, were there married
and there passed awaj-, and were laid to rest near
where a large portion of their quiet existence had
been passed. Passing through this world in a
humble, industrious manner, thej- cared little for
the fascinations of wealth and splendor, but prized
more highly than these, the beauty of their little
cottage home, and the love of those who had been
their neighbors for many years. Of their seven
children two were sons and five daughters, our sub-
ject being the eldest in order of birth. He was
born in the native place of his father and mother,
in August, 1844. In company with his brother and
sisters he was reared to years of maturity on the
Scottish moorlands, and there developed the stur-
diness of character and the excellent physical con-
dition which are his proudest possessions.

Leavinii all the ties of acquaintances made b}-

years of pleasant associations, and braving the
dangers of the deep, in 1872, Mr. Kenned3- crossed
the Atlantic and came to the United States. Land-
ing in New York, he proceeded to Stark Countj^
111., and there made his home with an uncle, Don-
ald McDonald. This uncle lived on a farm, and
his nephew was his energetic assistant for six years.
Realizing that " Westward the star of empire wends
its wa}^" he determined to once more change his
residence and start again among strangers. In the
winter of 1878 he came to Marshall County. Kan.,
and for one year rented land in Mar3'sville. After
that he was able to purchase land for himself, buy-
ing 120 acres of land in Mar3'sville Township,
where he lived until about 1884; then, selling
again, he located on his present estate, which com-
prises 160 acres on section 5, Franklin Township.
Here he has erected good buildings, and has also
improved the land, giving his attention exclusivelj'
to agriculture and stock-raising, in the latter mak-
ing a specialty of Poland-China hogs. He votes
with the Republican party, and is a strong be-
liever in the truth and correctness of its princi-
ples.

Fortunately or unfortunately, Mr. Kennedy has
remained invincible to the charms of the ladies,
and so far has paddled his own canoe. He is an
energetic, progressive farmer, of whom his com-
munity feel justl)' proud, and hope that his love
for his home will prove too strong to allow him to
ever desire to leave it for other fields of labor.
His sister, Kate, looks after the domestic affairs of
the house, and makes home pleasant for him.

(|t-^^ENRY KRAMME is one of the large land
'l/iV owners of Franklin Township, owing G40
(^^ acres of well tilled land, upon which he has
(^; erected good buildings and made such im-
provements as are needful to the carrying on of
the work of a successful agriculturist. He was
born in Germany, Oct. 24, 1836. At the age of
twenty-five he left his native land and emigrated
to America, landing in New York City. From
there he came to Chicago, HI., remaining but one

I'ORTRAit ANt) BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

211

week, when he came to Peru, in the same Mate,
where he found employment in a coal shaft, and
where he remained for seven j'ears. He then
bought a farm in La Salle Coimtj-, 111., and en-
gaged in agricultural pursuits in that count}' until
1879, when he came to this State. Selecting this
county and Franklin Township as his location, lie
has ever since been a resident on section 21.

Mr. Kranime was married in Lee County, 111., to
Miss Alvena Branch, wlio was born in La Salle
County, 111. They were the parents of four chil-
dren — Louisa, August, Alvena and Anna. Mr.
Kramme is an attendant of the Lutheran Church.
He gives his support to the Democratic party. He
devotes his attention strictly to the w^ork of farming
and stock-raising, in which occupations he proves
verv successful.

-S^§$5-&-

\|JACOB REITEK was born in Elm Creek
Township, this county, Oct. 4, 1861. Here
he was reared, receiving his education in
l^/' the district scliools. He is the son of John
Reiter, whose sketch occupies another page in tiiis
volume. In the spring of 1886 he visited South-
ern Kansas, tiienee returning to his homo, and
then journeying to Western Kansas and Colo-
rado. In Sherman County, Kan., he took up a
homestead of 160 acres. After two years' experi-
ence in "-baching" there, he returned to this county,
and in October, 1888, was married to Katie, daugh-
ter of John Armstrong, of Walnut Township. Slie
is a native of Chicago, III., wlience her parents re-
moved to this county when she was seven years
of age. She has been educated in the district
schools of this count}', making excellent use of
the advantages given her. (For history of her
familj' see sketch of John Armstrong, which occu-
pies another page in this work.)

Our subject has rented a farm of 160 acres, ly-
ing on section 36, Logan Township, where he car-
ries on an active farm life. He is just beginning
his career, with bright prospects before him, being
an industrious, intelligent and moral man. He is a
member of tlie Farmers' Alliance, of Marvsville.

Both he and his v/ife are members of the Catholic
Church, in the same city. His political adherence
is given to the Republican party.

JfJ OHN H. SCHEIBE. This gentleman, origi-
I nally a weaver by trade, has proved conclu-
l| sivelj' that a man may be master of more
^1' than one industry, as he is now numbered
among the well-to-do farmers of Walnut Townsliip.
A native of the Kingdom of Prussia, he was born
April 29, 1839, and was reared and educated under
the laws of his native country, being pl.iced in
school when a little lad of six years, and pursuing
his studies until fourteen. Before reacliing his
majority he learned the weaver's trade, at which he
worked until a man of twent3'-five j-ears, then, in
1864, set out for the United States.

After an ocean voyage of seventeen days our
subject landed safely in New York City, whence he
proceeded directly to Marshall County, 111. After
a few months sojourn there emplo3'ed at farming,
he pushed on further Westward, across the Mississ-
ippi, and early in the spring of 1865 we find him
in this county. For two and one-half years there-
after he was employed on the Northern Pacific
Railroad, making his headquarters along the line;
then, returning to this county, he purchased 160
acres of land in Walnut Township, only twentj'-five
of which were under the plow. That same season
he also homesteaded 160 acres adjoining his origi-
nal purchase, and he has now brought the whole
320 acres to a good state of cultivation.

One of the noticeable features on the farm of
Mr. Scheibe is the commodious stone dwelling,
which bids fair to stand for a century. He has
also a frame barn, graneries, sheds, corn-cribs, and
other buildings, and the whole premises has about
it the air of thrift and plenty which is almost in-
separable from the industrious German farmer.
The land is nearly all enclosed with fencing, and
1 20 acres is highly productive. The balance is in
pasture and meadow. Tlie present dwelling stands
upon the site of one which was torn down by a
tornado. Much of the material was used in re-

212

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

building, although it cost Mr. Scheibe about $500
to reconstruct. This disaster occurred in the
spring of 1878, when the liousehad only been built
about one year.

Our subject came to this coiintj- without means,
and thus began at the foot of the ladder in the ac-
cumulation of his possessions. He was married, Jan.
20, 1870, to Miss Minnie, daughter of Henry Breu-
neke, who, like himself, was of German birth and
parentage, and wiio came to the United States with
her father and mother in 1863. They at once located
iu Illinois and lived four years, then moved to this
county, and here Mr. Brenneke died in 1874. The
mother, whose maiden name was Maria Hill, is still
living and make? her home in Logan Township
with her son. They were born in what was then
llie Kingdom of Hanover, Germany, and reared in
the doctrines of the Lutheran Church, to which
they loyally adhered.

The parents of our subject were also Lutherans
in religious belief, to which church he and his fam-
ily belong. His household circle was completed
by the birth of seven children, the eldest of whom,
a daughter, Anna, is the wife of Reinhart Froh-
berg. a resident of Bremen. Christina. Herman.
Bertha, Carolina, Sophia, and Albert Adam are at
home with their parents. Mr. Scheibe makes a
specialty of live-stock, keeping chiefly good cattle
and Cl3'desdale horses. He uses several teams in
the operation of his farm, and each j-ear adds
something to his worldly possessions. He mixes
very little with politics, but gives his support to
the Democratic party. A peaceable and law-abid-
ing citizen, he is contributing his full quota to the
moral and financial welfare of the township, and is
held in high esteem by his neighbors.

-I-+

yfelLLIAM LEWIS. Those who have been
residents of Kansas for the past twenty
W^ years or more, have witnessed great and
startling changes in the aspect of the landscape and
the face of the broad prairies. Where once stood
the lonely cabin of the pioneer are now busy,
bustling cities. Instead of the camp fires of the

Indians gloaming in the distance, are now the
brilliant lights devised b}' the ingenuity of man.
Desert tracts have been made fertile, and raw prai-
rie has been caused to bear bountiful harvests of
grain.

jMr. and Mrs. William Lewis have been inter-
ested lookers-on in these great revolutions, and
have contributed their full quota of earnest en-
deavor to produce the happy results that have
been achieved. They have labored, in company
with their neighbors, to cultivate and improve the
wild land, and are now in possession of a fine
estate, comprising 400 acres, in Marshall County,
and located on section 26, Franklin Township. Mr.
Lewis also owns a small tract of land in Ottawa
County, this State, and some property in England,
the land of his nativity. Upon their home farm
there has been erected a comfortable residence, fur-
nished with excellent taste and surrounded b}' the
buildings necessary to successfully carry on a large
farm.

Coming to the State of Kansas in 1869, our sub-
ject and his family first made their home in Hia-
watha for one year, where Mr. Lewis followed the
occupation of a butcher, which he had become
familiar with in England. Leaving that trade, he
came to Franklin Township, and bought eighty
acres of land, the nucleus of his present farm. This
has subsequently been enlarged to its present pro-
portions, and is well stocked, Mr. Lewis making a
spocialtj' of Durham cattle. In this he has been
usually prosperous, but has not neglected his
farming interests, and has sowed and reaped the har-
vests with unremitting industry. Nor has he over-
looked the importance of his duties as a citizen,
but has served with satisfaction in several local
offices, and has endeavored bj' his vote to assist
into official positions those whom he deems most
worthy to be entrusted with the responsibilities
thus devolving upon them. In matters of national
importance he votes the Democratic ticket, being a
strong supporter of their platform. He has dis-
played his interest in educational affairs bj' serving
as School Director, and was of assistance in ele-
vating the standard of education in his district.
He- has also occupied the position of Township
Trustee, and has served as Constable and Road

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

213

Overseer. He is notabl}-, in public and private
life, a careful man, Uiouglitful, energetic, and in-
fluential — a man whose word is always to be relied
upon, and thus is an honor to his township .-ind to
the country of his adoption.

Both being born in England in 1841, Mr. and Mrs.
Lewis grew to years of maturity amid the familiar
scenes surrounding their parental homes, he assist-
ing his father in his occupation as a butcher, and
she making herself useful in her home, and learn-
ing those lessons of industry atid econom\- which
were so helpful to her in after years. Mrs. Lewis
was Miss Maria Brewitt, a native of Lincolnshire,
and was married in Yorkshire, Oct. 28, 1863. For
six years succeeding their marriage, Mr. Lewis and
his wife made their home in E!ngland,when, in 1869,
they took passage for the United States, landing
in New York, and thence coming immediately to
Hiawatha, Kan.

In lime the liousehold circle was increased by
the presence of nine children, two of whom were
taken away from their happy home before they had
reached years of maturity. Their living children
are: Robert J., Mary A., George W., Thomas H.,
,Emma J., Jonathan and Dick. All are at home
with their parents.

M. CHAFFEE. Pleasantly located on a
farm of 334 acres of improved land on
section 13, of Marysville Township, is one
^ of the most attractive homes of tins
county. The house is a well-built frame of iiome-
like aspect, and comfortable surroundings. In it
resides tlie subject of our sketch, his estimable wife
and three bright children.

His father, Charles Chaffee, was borne in Greene
County, N. Y., and died in Bradford County, Pa.,
June 12, 1889. His mother was Adeline Horton,
a native of Penns}'lvania. The parental family
consisted of six children, of whom our subject was
the fifth. He was born in Bradford County, Pa.,
Oct., 23, 1853. growing to manhood in his native
county. He was reared on a f.-srm. receiving a
thorough common school education. In 1878 he

came to this county where he engaged in teaching
for three years. He then settled on the land where
he now resides. He was married at the residence
of the bride's parents, J. M. and Helen V. (.Shaw)
Elliott, of this county, on March 28, 1873, to Miss
Adelia Elliott,. Tiie three children born of this
union are Helen A., Wilmot M. and Beryl.

Mr. Chaffee gives his entire attention to farming
and stock-raising, and is a very active and progres-
sive farmer. He takes a great interest in all edu-
cational affairs, and has iield several school offices,
discharging his duties with ability and judgment.
In politics Mr. Chaffee is an earnest advocate of
the principles of the Republican party. The life
of Mr. Chaffee shows in a marked manner the suc-
cess which is to be earned by the honest and enter-
prising, in a quiet rural life.

^( OSEPH STEHLIK, late of Logan Township,
departed this life Dec. 14, 1888, at the age
of flfty-four years. He died in the faith of

the Catholic Church, in which he had been

reared, and to which he gave a life-long allegiance.
His widow and her children are still living on the
farm which the father opened up from an unbroken
tract of land, and of which the second son, Frank,
has the man.-jgement. The latter is a young man
highly respected in his community, moral, upright,
and industrious, and is the chief counselor and sup-
port of his widowed mothei', whose affairs he man-
ages in a most wise and judicious manner.

The subject of this sketch was born in the King-
dom of Bohemia, wliere he spent the opening years
of his life, and until reaching man's estate. He
was occupied mostly in agricultural pursuits, and
in due time was married to Miss Tresse Vavruaska,
a native of his own Province, and like himself, a
member of the Catholic Church, In the summer
of 1870, they set out for America, and after a safe
voyage, landed in New York City early in August.
Thence they came directly to Logan Township,
this count3', where Mr. Stehlik homesteaded eighty
acres of land on section 18. Upon this ho made
some improvements, then sold out and purchased

214

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

160 acres, where his family' now live, and which oc-
cupies the northeast quarter of section 19. Of th?s
only about ten acres had been broken. Mr. Steh-
liii put up a good frame house with a stable, wagon
sheds, corn-cribs, and other necessarj' buildings,
fenced the land, and brought the soil to a good
state of cultivation. Here he spent his last days,
and left to his famil}' a competence.

Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Steh-
iik. and named respectively: Joseph, Frank. West-
\ey, Marj', Anna, John, and Adolph; they are all
living, making their home with their mother. The
family is greatly respected in the comnnunitj- on
account of their moral worth, industrious habits,
and general reliability-.

jW_^EiS'RY SCHELL, a soldier of the Union
iljjl! Army during the late Civil War, and now a
aW^ well to-do farmer of Elm Creek Township,
(^) is comfortably located on section 11, where
he has 160 acres of choice land which, by a course
of careful cultivation has yielded him such returns
that he is now, financially, comparatively independ-
ent. A native of France, he was born in Alsace-
Loraine, Sept. 27, 1827, and lived there until a
man of twenty-eight years.

Receiving a common-school education, young
Schell after completing his studies, occupied him-
self variously until the age mentioned and then
set out for America. He landed in New York Cit}-,
and thence proceeded to^Cincinnati. Ohio, where
he was employed on a river steamer as cook and in
different capacities. Finallj' deciding to seek the
farther AVest, he came into Doniphan County, this
State, and purchased 160 acres of land on Inde-
pendence Creek, five miles from the town of Doni-
phan. Two years later, however, not being satisfied
with the outlook, he sold out and established him-
self in Rock Creek, Jefferson Co., Neb., where he
lived one year. In 1860 he came to this county
and homesteaded 160 acres on section 11, in P]lm
Creek Township, of which he has since been a resi-
dent.

Right in the midst of his early improvements,

Mr. Schell found himself in sympathy with the
Union cause, and during the second year of the war
enlisted, in 1862, in Company B, 9th Kansas Cav-
alry in which he served three years. While on the
march he sustained a severe accident, having his
right shoulder broken and receiving other serious
injuries. He refused, however, to be permanently
relieved from duty, and as soon as sufficientl}' re-
covered rejoined his comrades in the field and
remained with his regiment until the expiration
of his term of service, when he received his honor-
able discharge.

After retiring from the service Mr. Schell came
back to his farm in this county and has since unin-
terruptedly followed agricultural pursuits. On Dec.
25. 1861, he was married to Mrs. Nancj- (Jackson)
Ricker,widow of Peter Rieker. Mrs. Schell was born
near Rockford, Ind., March 13, 1828, and by her
first marriage became the mother of five children,
four of whom are living, viz. : Alonzo, Harvey, Ed-
ward andLizzie. Of her union with our subject there
have been born three children. William. Henry,
and Amanda. The first mentioned died when a
promising youth of sixteen years. Mr. Schell, po-
litically, is a sound Republican but aside from
serving as Overseer of Highways, has had very
little to do with public affairs. As one of the old
soldiers he is identified with Lyons Post. No. 9,
G. .\. R.. at Marysville.

■S/ OSIAH M. HAMMETT. This gentleman is
I a most worthy representative of the agri-
I cultural interests of Marshall County, and
' he is a citizen who is held in high repute.
He located in Elm Creek Township in 1870, and
purchased 160 acres of land on section 20. where
he has effected fine improvements. Perhaps the
most noticeable of these is the substantial stone
dwelling, together with other needed buildings and
a goodlj' assortment of fruit and shade trees, which
give to the place the air of comfort and plenty
always delightful to look upon. The Hammett fam-
ily occupies a high position in Elm Creek Town-
ship, and Josiah M. is a brother of Benjamin J.,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

215

now deceased, and whose biography appears on an-
other page in this vohime.

A native of Bowling Green, Ky., our subject was
born Dee. 30, 1818, and is tlie son of William and
Anna (Oliphant) Hammett, who settled there soon
after their marriage. Thence they reuioved to
Warren County, but later emigrated to Illinois, and
settled near Chillicothe, in Peoria County, where
they spent the remainder of their lives. Josiah M.
was one of the younger children of the seven born
to them, and was nine years old when the family
removed to Illinois. He lived at home with his
parents until a young man of about twenty years,
and up to this time had assisted his father on the
farm both in Kentuck}' and Illinois. He afterward
was engaged in buying and shipping produce
on the Illinois River for a short time, and then
took charge of an hotel in Sparland, Marshall Co.,
111. Aside from these brief interruptions, he has
given his attention wholly to farming since l)oy-
bood, and consequently has a thorough acquaint-
ance with this vocation.

In Peoria County, 111., our subject was first mar-
ried to Miss Rachel Frazier. a native of New York
State, and they settled near Cliillicothe, where they
lived with the exception of the time spent at Spar-
land, until coming to this county, in 1866. Here
INIr. Hammett secured land on section 20, Elm
Creek Township, where he has since lived. Of this
union there were born ten children, viz: George T.,
Benjamin A., Edgar, who died in infancy, Francis
W.. Cornelius O., Lillias V., Mary E.. Albert D.,
William P., and another child who died unnamed
in infanc}'. Mrs. Racliel (Frazier) Hammett de-
parted this life at the homestead in Elm Creek
Township, in June. 1884. She was a lady posses-
sing many excellent qualities, was a devoted wife
and mother, and greatly beloved by her family and
friends, by whom her name is held in affectionate
remembrance.

Mr. Hammett contracted a second marriage in
Mar3sville, this county, June 20, 1886, with Mrs.
Minerva (Carnrike) McMahon, daughter of Jacob
and Margaret (Click) Carnrike. and widow of Perry
McMahon. who died in Ft. Wayne, Ind., June 20,
1872. The present wife of our subject was born
in Fairfield County, Ohio, Sept. 25, 1844, and came

to this county with her brother in 1 886. Her par-
ents were natives of New York and Ohio, respect-
ively, and are now deceased. She is a member in
good standing of the Presbyterian Church.

Our subject, politically, is in sympathy with the
Union Labor movement. He has been quite promi-
nent in local affairs, and in the fall of 1888 was
elected Justice of the Peace, t)ie duties of wiiich
office he is discharging in a manner reflecting great
credit upon himself, and with satisfaction to his
fellow-citizens.

-^ ^^>^ ^

bYMAN H. HAMMETT, a son of the late
) Benjamin Hammett, of Elm Creek Town-
. I ship, has for the past four years occupied a

part of the old homestead on section 20, and is the
owner of 240 acres of thoroughly cultivated land.
He has recently erected a very neat and substanti;il
dwelling, replacing the one which was destroyed
by fire on the 6lh of Februar}', 1888. In addition
to general agriculture he makes a specialtj- of
stock-raising and sells considerable wood. Al-
though perhaps not the hero of any vei'y thrilling
event, he maintains a worthy position as a member
of the community, and does honor to the race from
which he sprang.

Our subject was the tiiird in a family of six chil-
dren born to Benjamin and Rebecca (Robb) Ham-
mett, a sketch of whom appears elsewiiere in this
volume. He was born at the homestead, a part of
which he now occupies, Sept. 6, 1860, and here he
has spent the greater part of his life. He was re-
quired at an early age to make himself useful, and
received a careful home training with a practical
education in the common school. He remained a
member of the parental household until after pass-
ing the twenty-fifth j-car of his age, ami was then
married. Dec. 23, 1885, to Miss Lettie M., daugh-
ter of Joseph M. and Catherine (Hoskins^ Callen.
of Sparland, Marshall Co., III. The newly wedded
pair commenced the journej' of life together upon
tlie site of their present dwelling, and Mr. Ham ■
mett is making of agriculture a success.

The wife of our subject was born in Sp.nrland.

216

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

111., March 8, 1866, and of their union there are
two children — Maude and Vernon. Mr. Hammett
takes an active interest in politics, and in former
years affiliated with the Democratic party. He is
now in sympathy with the Union Labor movement.
In the Presbyterian Church at Marysville he is an
active member and Deacon. Active, eueigetic and
public-spirited, he occupies a position in the front
rank among the representative men of his commu-
nity, and gives his uniform support and encourage-
ment to the [irojects calculated to advance the
interests of the people. Mrs. Hammett is a mem-
ber in good standing of the Methodist Episcopal
Church. They have a very pleasant home and
hosts of friends. Mr. Hammett is a member of the
A. F. & A. M. Lodge No. 91, Marysville.

dm OHN REITER. The Reiter farm makes a
11 very handsome picture in the landscape of
i; Elm Creek Township, being located near its
fj northwest corner on section 7. In all its

appointments there are evidences of thrift and in-
dustry which characterize the proprietor. The
buildings are comfortable and substantial, and
everj'thing about the premises is indicative of
comfort and plenty, from the well-fed live stock to
the household, comprising the father and children,
who form a group of more than ordinary intelli-
gence. The family met with a great affliction in
the death of the wife and mother, Mrs. Catherine
(Brandenberger) Reiter, who departed this life on
June 29, 1887, and, who was deeply mourned, not
only by her immediate family, but b^' a large cir-
cle of friends. Mrs. Reiter was a lady possessing all
the womanly virtues, and set before her household
a high example of devotion to their best interests
and the affectionate care which seemed to be the
controlling impulse of her life. Her name will be
held in tender remembrance until she is joined by
her loved ones in another sphere.

The subject of this sketch is a native of Ger-
many, and was born Sept. 5, 1833. He attended
sclio:il from the time he was a lad of six 3'ears un-

til fourteen years old, and afterward served an
apprenticeship of six 3'ears at the blacksmith trade.

Then a young man of twentj' j^ears, dissatisfied
with the prospects held out to him in his native
land, he embarked on a sailing vessel for America,
and landed in Philadelphia, Pa., whence he soon
repaired to New .Jersey. He was there employed
on a farm for two months, then returning to Penn-
sylvania and working in the mines near Pottsville
two months. We next find him in the city of New
Orleans, La., where he sojourned until the spring
of 1854, engaged as a wood-cutter. His next ob-
jective point was Vicksburg, Miss., where he was
employed in a soap factory two months. Then
returning to Louisiana, he was engaged on the levee
two months, after which he proceeded to Memphis,
Tenn., and worked in a sawmill one month. St.
Joseph, Mo., was his next stopping place, and from
there he emigrated to Omaha, Neb., looking for
work, but not finding it at that point. He then
retvu-ned to St. Joseph, and afterward made his wa3'
to Leavenworth, this State.

Our subject then hired out as a teamster to go
across the plains, and from there went to Salt Lake
City, and during the summer of 1858 was employed
by the Government at Ft. Supply a year, the
Fort being located forty miles south of Salt Lake
Citj'. We n-sxt find him established on a tract of
land in Elm Creek Township, of which he has been
a resident since 1859, and during this time has
devoted his attention mainly to the improvement
and cultivation of his landed possessions. In the
meantime, in 1862. he removed to section 7. and
has now 440 acres of land, embellished with good
buildings; he has fenced and cross-fenced his
fields, planted fruit and shade trees and added from
time to time to the value and beauty of his prop-
erty. He has for some years been one of the
School Directors in his district, and with his family
belongs to St.Gregory's Catholic Church, in Marys-
ville.

To Mr. and Mrs. Reiter there were born eight
children, viz: Jacob, who married Miss Katie
Armstrong, and is a farmer in Logan Township;
Elizabeth the wife of Albert Maeska, who is also a
farmer in Logan Townshi]); Katie A., Martin,
Nicholas, George, Josephine and .loiin reside witli

HesidenceofGeorge Cebbie Sec, 4. Centre Towkiship

Residence: of John Reiter, Sec.T Elm Creek Township.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

219

their father at the old homestead. Mr. and Mrs.
Reiter were married in Marysville, this county,
Feb. 9, 1861. Mrs. Reiter was also a native of
Germany, and born March 17, 1843. She was thus
at the time of her decease in the prime of life,
only a little over forty-four years of age.

In politics Mr. Reiter is, and always has been, a
a stanch supporter of the principles of tlie Repub-
lican parly.

We invite the attention of our many readers to a
handsome lithographic view of the home and sur-
roundings on the farm of Mr. Reiter, which is one
of the most be.iutiful and j)ieturesque liomesteads
in Elm Creelv Township.

w ^^ ^^

^^EORGE GEBBIE, a general farmer and
III g— . stock-raiser on section 4, in Center Town-
^^ sliip, Marsliall County, may be classed
prominently among those men, who from humble
beginnings have worked tlieir way toward the top
rounds of the ladder of success, and while gaining
an independent footing financially, have not neg-
leciedto cultivate the social qualities, which endear
a man to those with whom he is thrown in daily
contact. A devoted father, a tender husband, a
faithful friend, he has many warm admirers among
his neighbors, who know him to be generous to the
needy and charitable toward the erring.

Of Scotch ancestry, Mr. Gebbie is a native of
that land famous for its sturdy sons and fair daugh-
ters, and was born Nov. 22, 1839. In the land of
the thistle and the gorse he grew to a robust man-
hood, developing a strong and athletic frame dur-
ing those years of rugged exposure. Before,
however, a quarter of a century of years had passed
over his head, he wisely concluded that if the
future held for him any great good he must seek it
in another land. Scotland was the land of his
youth, and to him the dearest of all lands, but the
road to prosperity there was almost as insurmount-
able as were her rocky crags and loft}' peaks.

Before leaving forever his native country, that
"peerless jewel of the sea," Mr. Gebbie had taken
unto himself a helpmate, who has during all the

succeeding years been to him of inestimable value,
far more precious than gold and jewels, and who
has by a life of purity and goodness, exemplified
the words of that wise man of old concerning the
worth of a good woman, who looketh well to the
ways of her household. She became the wife of
Mr. Gebbie June 6, 1862, and has been his faithful
companion during all these ensuing years. Her
maiden name was Mary Bain, and she was born in
Scotland. Oct. 17, 1842, and is the daughter of
Alexander and Mary (Findley) Bain, the latter of
whom has resided with the family of our sul)ject
ever since the marriage of her daughter. Unto
our subject and his wife seven children were born,
thus recorded: Belinda, Thomas, Ocelia, Geanie,
Alexander, Lillie. Nettie H. Belinda, an accom-
plished young lady, married Martin J. Bender, and
resides in Center Township. Ocelia is the wife of
John J. Hall, and they also reside in this township.
The remaining children are all at home, and are
naturally the object of their parents' most devoted
care and affection, which they fully reciprocate.
Among the refined and pleasant young people of
this county, it would be difficult to find any more
loveable in disposition, more refined in taste, or
more noble in ambitions than the children of these
worthy parents.

Believing in the efficiency of education to remedy
the great and increasing evils of this day, Mr.
Gebbie has shown his interest in the development
of the mind by serving with his characteristic abil-
ity as School Director. Indeed so satisfactorily
has he filled this position that his fellow citizens
have re-elected him to the responsibilities of the
office many succeeding years. Politically, he is
independent, and casts his ballot in local elections
to assist into office the man he considers best
qualified to hold the position in question. Deeply
concerned also in things spiritual, Mr. Gebbie and
his wife are identified with the Christian Church,
the principles of which they earnestly believe in,
and steadfastly adhere to.

Upon coming to America our subject was accom-
panied by his wife and one child, and when Ihe
ship came to anchor in the harbor of New York,
they proceeded directly to Peoria, 111., where they
lived six and one-half jears, and where Mr. Gebbie

220

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

was engaged in mining. Not finding that pursuit
lucrative or pleasant, he emigrated to Kansas in
the spring of 1871, coming to Marsliall County,
and locating on section 4 of Center Township, where
he homesteaded the first fort}' acres, included in his
present possessions. He has erected a neat and
cozy residence, a fine view of which appears else-
where and which is filled with evidences of the
taste of the inmates. He has increased the acreage
of his farm to 240, and gives his attention almost
exclusively to farming and stoclv-raising. In the
success he has met with, he has received the co-
operation of his noble wife, and it is in no small
measure due to her earnest efforts in his behalf and
her ambition for the future of her offspring, that
our subject has attained financial independence^
and is enabled to not only provide handsomely for
bis children, but has sufficient to secure the old age
of himself and his beloved companion from penury.

DHOMAS C. RANDOLPH. Although yet
:n the prime of life this gentleman is a
■veteran" of the late Civil War. He served
with faithfulness and courage during almost the
entire period of national strife, having enlisted in
June, 18G1, and served until mustered out at Har-
risburg, Pa. He is also a well-known and successful
teacher, and was for many j-ears in the front rank in
that profession. Consequently he is highly inter-
ested in the cause of education, and does whatever
lies in his power to advance the standard of learn-
ing, and promote the character of the school sys-
tem. In fighting for his country, endangering life
itself for the Union, and in rearing the children
entrusted to his care, to take their places in the
world as lionorable men and women, well-fitted by
thorough instruction to cope with all the trials
awaiting them, he has discharged his duty to so-
cict}-, and merited the cherished encomium, " well
done."

He of whom we write was born in Butler Countj',
Pa., in tlie town of Portersville, on the 24th of Jan-
uary. 1845. to Dr. W. J. and Margaret S.J(Christy)
Rand(>li)h. also natives of Butler County. There

they were married and lived until the latter part of
the war, removing then to Buford, 8. C, where
the mother died in 1864. Dr. Randolph removed
from South Carolina, in 1870. to Riley County,
Kan., which is his present home. He was a sur-
geon during tiie Rebellion, and is an able practi-
tioner, having liad in youth a thorough medical
education at the Cleveland Medical College, where
he was graduated.

Dr. Randolph and his wife had a family of ten
children, of whom four died in infancy or child-
hood. Of the remaining six who lived to matur-
ity, the subject of this .sketch was the eldest. The
earh' portion of his life was quietly and happily
passed in Butler and Lawrence counties. Pa., and
there he attended the country schools of those
days, but was allowed a better education than was
common at that time, as he was for one and one-half
years a student at New Wilmington, Pa.

About this time the clouds of tlie coming tem-
pest were beginning to gather over the countr}'.
and in common with other patriotic bo3^s our sub-
ject was intensely interested in the vital questions
tlien agitating the minds of all loyal citizens.
Wlien finally the storm burst with all its force on
the devoted heads of the patriots, be, altliough only
sixteen and one-half-years of age, was fired with a
desire to serve his nation, and preserve it from
disruption. Accordingly he enlisted in Company
F, 100th Pennsylvania Infantry, and was a brave
soldier until peace came again to his countrj-.
Among the general engagements in which he parti-
cipated were the following: Fredericksburg, siege
of Vicksburg, siege of Knoxville, battle of the Wil-
derness, Spotts\'lvania. Cold Harbor, Petersi)urg,
and numerous others. He was an active partici-
pant in the mine assault of Petersburg, and was
promoted to the rank of Sergeant- during the latter
part of the war. He was mustered out at Harris-
burg, Pa., and then returned to his old home in
Lawrence County, Pa.

Our subject was now about twenty years old,
and the fall following liis return home, attended
the Commercial College at Pittsburg, Pa. He was
a student there nearly six months, but left to make
his home in South Carolina, wliere he engaged in
planting cotton in the Sea Islands for two j'ears.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBCM.

221

This was an occupation not entirely suited to his
taste, and he therefore removed to the vicinity of
St. Charles, Mo., where he was a teacher for seven
years. In tliis, as in everything else he attempted,
he was successful, as he thought whatever is worth
doing at all, is worth doing well.

Again changing his location, in 1875 Mr. Ran-
dolph came West to Marshall County, Kan., and
purchased forty acres on section 7, Franklin Town-
shij), which has since been his home. Besides look-
ing after his farming interests, he has devoted some
time to teaching since residing in Kansas.

The faithfid companion, the thoughtful wife, the
devoted mother, through all these years, was in her
girlhood Miss Mattie H. Tarvin, with whom our
subject was united in marriage in Marj'sville, Kan.,
April I, 1877. She is the daughter of George "W.
Tarvin (see sketch elsewhere in this work), and
was born in Campbell County, Ky., Aug. 24, 1855.

Their family circle has been enlarged by the
birth of six children, herewith enumerated: John
P., Annie M., Geraldine, Ralph, Thomas C, Jr.,
an<l William G. Thomas C. died when about nine
months old.

Mr. Randolph, in his political affiliations is allied
witli the Republican party, and has been Clerk of
his township. lie and his wife are sincere mem-
bers of the Methodist Church, and try in every
wa}- possible to increase the happiness and comfort
of those around them, never allowing the hungry
and needy to be turned away empty-handed, when
they are deserving of aid. Mr. Randolph is a
member of Lyon Post No. 29, G. A. R., and com-
mands universal respect among his comrades.

Si(^^|a$ci!j(^«^,

jfSAAC B. HOLLOWAY, veterinary surgeon.
il| was one of the earliest settlers of this county as
/ll well as one of its most prominent and favor-
ably known citizens. He has devoted considerable
time and attention to the study of medicine, and is
one of the most successful veterinary surgeons of
this part of the State. In all respects he is worthy
of more than a passing mention in a book purport-

ing to contain the life histories of the representa-
tive citizens of Marshall County. It was the earnest
labor of such men as Mr. Holloway, that has con-
tributed in a material degree to make this county
one of the foremost in all the length and breadth
of the State.

Mr. Holloway was born near Toledo, Ohio, Feb.
5, 1841, and there enjoyed the years of boyhood
after a manner similar to other hoys of the day, as-
sisting in the farm work and studying the "three
R's" for a few months of the year. When fifteen
years of age he came to Kansas, accompanying
"Father Henry," who was a missionary amono- the
Indians, and with him our subject remained a time.
Three years after his own removal from Ohio his
father. Noah Holloway, and step-mother, Mary A.
(Hall) Holloway, followed the "star of Empire" in
its westward course and located in Doniphan
County, Kan., which was their home for a short
period. Locating in this county in 1860, on sec-
tion 35, the father here jsassed the remaining por-
tion of life allotted to him, passing to rest Feb. 1 1 ,
1878. The step-mother lives with her son Jacob.
(See sketch elsewhere in this volume.)

As he approached manhood, Isaac B. Hollo-
way was possessed of a laudable desire and deter-
mination to make a home of his own, and entered
160 acres of land on section 35, where he now lives.
With praiseworthy perseverance and unremitting
industry he has labored from daylight to darkness,
through the short, cold days of winter and the long,
enervating heat of summer, alwa3's animated by his
hopes of future comfort and competence. He now
is the fortunate owner and manager of a well-im-
proved and carefull3' cultivated farm of fertile soil,
on which each year the grain springs forth abund-
antly. Upon his estate he has erected a good frame
dwelling, a fine stone barn, besides corn-cribs, and
all other outbuildings necessary to a well-regulated
modern estate. His farm is chiefly fenced, and has
an orchard containing about sevent^'-flve trees of
choice apples. He also pays considerable attention
to stock-raising, and makes a specialty of Clydes-
dale horses, of which he has some splendid speci-
mens.

Not unaided has Mr. Holloway been in attaining
this pleasant result, but has for many vears had the

222

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

assistance of her to whom he was married Jan. 7,
1863. Her maiden name was Margaret Bartlow,
her parents being James F. and Rebecca (West)
Bartlow, natives of Campbell County. Kj. Leav-
ing that State in 1858 they came to Doniphan
County, Kau., and later, in 1860, located in this
county, in Herkimer Township, where the mother
passed away in April, 1804. The father lives near
Waterville, this county.

The happy home established by our subject was
not without the music of childish voices, for he and
his wife became the parents of two children. Harry
D. and Hattie. the latter now Mrs. Frank Maxwell.
(See sketch of James Maxwell). In political atfll-
iatioDS Mr. HoUoway is a Democrat, and has held
the office of Clerk of the township, besides other
local offices.

By parental ancestry Mr. HoUowaj- is of Welsh
origin, the grandfather being supposed to be a na-
tive of Wales or of direct Welsh descent. Our
subject is also of English descent, his maternal
grandfather, Thomas Hunt, probably being a native
of England. Amanda (Hunt) Holloway, the mother
of the subject of this sketch died in 1843, in Ohio.
The ancestors of our subject on both sides were
members of the "Shaker" community in Ohio and
died in that faith.

Manj- and varied are the transformations that
have been witnessed by the pioneers of this part of
the West, and much food for reflection may be
furnished by conversation with those brave fore-
runners of civilization, who left happy, comforta-
ble homes in the East, to prepare a way for coming
generations in the grand Western country. Mr.
Holloway well remembers when these beautiful
prairies were the abiding places of buffalo, wild
turkey, deer, elk, antelope, wolves, and various
kinds of wild game , including the Mexican lion.
This part of the State was then the home and hunt-
ing grounds of Indians, some civilized, some sav-
age. On the night of the birth of Mr. Holloway's
eldest child, hundreds of Indians were in the vicin-
ity of the house, but they were not hostile and did
no harm. The Otoes, Oraahas, Shawnees, Pawnees,
and other tribes were here for some time after our
subject located in this township. Many tiroes were
the families, alone and unprotected, frightened by

the sudden appearance of the "red man", with his
implements of warfare. This was peculiarly the
case between the jears of 1861 and 1865, the per-
iod when our Union was threatened with destruc-
tion, and the Republic was tottering on the proud
pinnacle of glory, where a happ3', united nation
had placed it. The Indians, participating in the
national excitement, would often invade peaceful
communities and create havoc, leaving behind them
only the ruins of hitherto quiet, happy homes. The
family of our subject was unusualh' fortunate, nor
was their neighborhood molested seriously. At one
time a group of savages came to the door of the
house when Mr.Holloway was absent, and demanded
something to eat. This demand was immediately
gratified as far as possible, and they departed
peacefully. Amid all these troubles and excitements
our subject did not once forsake his new home,
but remained and assisted to make tiie county a
beautiful one, noted as one of the most fertile and
most carefully cultivated of any in the State of
Kansas.

#-#

-4-^

\t7 OUIS HANKE. The West affords many
il /?S) examples of what are styled self-made men,
j'^^, but none more striking than is our subject,
who landed in America at the age of twenty-one
j-ears, his worldly possessions being limited to his
clothing and the sum of one and one-half cents.
His capital consisted of an education obtained un-
der the noted system of Prussia, a healthy body,
and an abundance of ph3'sical energy and deter-
mination. He is now in possession of 320 acres of
land in a high state of cultivation, upon which are
the usual improvements made by an enterprising
and progressive farmer, and notwithstanding the
fact that he has as security for another been a loser
to the extent of f5,000, his finances are upon a.
good basis.

Our subject was born in Prussia April 2. 1836.
In the year 1858 he came to America, the voyage,
which was made on the sail shiji " Leotine," occu-
pying five weeks. He landed at New York, in
August and spent a couple of months in the em-
ploy of a gardener near that city. He then went

PORTRAIT AND BlOGRAlPHtCAL ALBlTM.

223

to Buffalo, near which place he worked upon a farm
during the winter, receiving the compensation of
Si6 per month for his labors. In the spring of
1859 he removed to Piatt County. Mo., where he
worked by the day. He there joined the Home
Guards in 1861. and later became a member of the
State Militia. In the fall of 1886 he came to this
county and with money which he had saved while
in Jlissouri, he bought 160 acres of land adjoining
the same amount which he had homesteaded. and
lying on section 17 Walnut Township.

The parents of our subject, John and Anna
(Korff) Hanke, were of Prussian birth and ances-
try. The father died in his native land and the
mother came to America and breathed her last in
Marys ville. Both parents were members of the
Catliolic Church. The wife of our subject, in her
maidenhood was Miss Caroline Meisner, to whom
he was married in this county, Dec. 16, 1872. She
is of Prussian birth and ancestry. She is a mem-
ber of the Lutheran Church as were her parents.
She is the mother of five children — Anna, Mary,
John, pjUima, and Katie, all living and brightening
the home fireside.

Mr. Hanke has served as Justice of the Peace in
this county for four years, and has also occupied
the positions of Road Overseer and School Director.
He is a progressive and enterprising farmer, a
thoroughh^ reliable citizen, and an honorable man,
deserving of the success which he has attained.

<^, OHN L. JOHNSON. The best thitig which
I ever befel Marshall County, was the class of
men who settled within its borders. The
elements maj^ be favorable, the air pure, the
streams clear and the land fertile, but unless there
are moving spirits to take advantage of these, agri-
culture would necessarilj- be a failure. Among
those who the most readily availed themselves of
these adjuncts to successful farming, Mr. Johnson
may be most properly numbered, as he occupies no
secondary place in the farming community. A
lifelong experience at this business has given him

a full knowledge of it, which he has turned to the
best account. He owns 160 acres of the best farm-
ing land in Elm Creek Townslii|i, finely located on
section 24, and with the exception of two years
spent in conducting a livery stable in Marysville,
he has given to it his time and attention since
1881. He has brought the soil to a high state of
cultivation, erected good buildings, planted forest
and fruit trees, and surrounded himself and his
family with all of the comforts and many of tlie
luxuries of life.

A native of Scandanavia, Mr. Johnson was born
in the southern part of Norwajs near Begron,
March 1, 1849. He lived there until a youth of
eighteen years, then set out for America, landing
first in the city of Quebec, Canada. Thence he
emigrated to Madison, Wis., and was a resident of
the Badger State probably one year, working in a
livery stable, and was employed in a hotel about
one year. He then worked in a plow factory
some two years, but later was again employed in an
hotel for some time.

From Wisconsin Mr. Johnson went southeast-
ward into Stephenson County, III., where he worked
on a farm about one year. Subsequently he was
employed in a livery stable at Freeport, and a year
later, ' crossing the Mississippi, came into Jewell
County, Kan., where, in 1871, he took up a claim.
Not being satisfied, however, with the outlook in
that region, he only staid there a short time, and
we next find him on a farm in the vicinity of
Atchison, where he was employed one season.
Then returning to Jewell County, he made some
improvements on his claim, and finally emigrated
to this county, and for the next seven 3'ears was
emploj'ed in a flouring-mill. At the expiration of
this time he purchased 160 acres of land on section
24 in Elm Creek Township, where he has since,
with the exception of the two 3'ears spoken of,
made his home. After selling out his livery stable
in Marysville. he conducted a similar establishment
in Frankfort, this county, for about one j-ear, and
then was satisfied to return to his farm.

Our subject was married in Marysville, this
county, Oct. 16, 1875, to Miss Charlotte Anderson,
a native of Sweden. Thej- are now the parents of
two bright children, a son and a daughter, Fred M.

224

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

and Elnora E. In addition to general farming Mr.
Johnson is considerably- interested in stock-rais-
ing, in which he lias been very successful. Both
he and his wife are prominentlj- connected with
the Baptist Ciiurch. Politically, Mr. Johnson
supports the principles of the Republican party.

The father of our subject was Peter Johnson, a
native of Norway, of Scotch descent, his father
being a native of Scotland, and was there married
to Miss Martha Olsen, a native of the latter coun-
try. He died in Norway in 1849. The mother is
still living at tlie old homestead in Norway, and is
now quite well advanced in years. They were the
parents of two children only, of whom our subject
was the second born. The other was a daughter.

'S^^'

j^LEXANDER M. STALEY. The biogra-
WjUv pher in his migrations seldom encounters a

jnt more hospitable and pleasant home than
1^ that which has been built up by Mr.
Staley and his agreeable' life partner. Avarice and
greed are unknown to them, and they extend both
to friend and stranger tliat cordial welcome which
is one of the evidences of good birth and breeding.
The snug farm of eighty acres is under a good state
of cultivation, and embellished with comfortable
buildings. Mr. Staley secured possession of this
in 1882. and has since given to it his best efforts,
making a vast improvement in its original condi-
tion; he came to Water ville, however, ten years
previous. The homestead is pleasantly located on
section 31, Elm Creek Township.

A native of Allegheny County, Pa., our subject
was born Sept. 10, 1834, and is the son of Jacob
and Margaret (j\Iiller) Staley, who were likewise
natives of that county, and the mother, the daugh-
ter of Gideon Miller, an old and well-known resi-
dent. In 1844, when our subject was a lad of ten
years, his parents removed to Crawford County,
Ohio, where Alexander M. sojourned until 1853.
Then setting out for the farther West, he crossed
the Mississippi into Linn County, Iowa, where he
was joined by his parents a j'ear later.

Our suVijpct still having a desire to see some-

thing of the farther West, finally went to Colorado,
and during the second year of the war, he. in Octo-
bor, 1862, enlisted in Company A, 2d Colorado
Cavalry, was promoted to Sergeant, and remained
in the service of his country until August, 1865.
The war being then ended, he returned to Iowa and
resumed farming.

In September, 1868, Mr. Staley visited Ohio and
was there married to Miss Anna E., daughter of
Maitland and Magdalena (Seeiy) Wiltse. Imme-
diately after marriage they went to Tama County',
Iowa, remaining until June, 1872, then came to
Waterville, remaining until 1875, then farmed four
years and returned to Waterville, and iu 1882
came to his present farm. Of this he took possess-
ion in March, 1882, and here he has since lived.
Among other improvements noticeable, is the sub-
stantial stone dwelling, which forms a safe and
comfortable shelter from the storms of winter and
the heat of summer. The barn and outbuildings
bear fair comparison with those of his neighbors,
and there is about the place a general air of comfort
and solidity which speaks well for the proprietor.

There have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Stalej'
two daughters — Yerona M. and Grace E. Our
subject and his wife are members in good standing
of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and Mr.
Staley, socially', as an ex-soldier, belongs to Robert
Hale Post No. 328, G. A. R., in Blue Rapids. He
votes the straight Republican ticket, and served
one term as Justice of the Peace. Aside from tliis
he has avoided the responsibilities of office.

^^RYINE C. HINER, of Logan Township.

' .@/u| [ is numbered among its younger and most
//( li) enterprising farmers and has made manj'
^jl friends since establishing himself here, in

1888. The farm he is now operating is owned bj'
his mother-in-law. It comprises 120 acres. He
was born in Columbiana Countj', Ohio, July 22,
1851. where he obtained the rudiments of his
education and later officiated as pedagogue of the
district school. In the meantime he did not aban-
don his studies and subsequentl}- pursued tiiem in

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

225

Mt. Union College, Stark County, taking a course
in the law department which he contemplated mak-
ing his profession in life. He entered upon his
career as an attorney in Canton, Ohio, after having
been admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court at
Columbus, Maj' 24, 1880. He followed his prac-
tice in Canton until the summer of 1888, and on
the 5th of June, that year, started for the farther
West, arriving in this county in due time.

Ill Pans, Stark Co., Ohio, Mr. Hiner was married
in 1874 to Miss Maude, daughter of Benjamin and
Amanda H. (Martin) Estep. Mrs. Hiner was born
in Findle}', Ohio, and when less than a year old
moved with her parents to Paris, where her father
died in the year 1882. The mother subsequently
joined her daughter and is now living with our
subject. Mr. Hiner employs himself as a teacher
during the winter season and superintends the op-
eration of his farm all the j'ear round. He sought
the West on account of ill health and finds himself
greatly improved.

The parents of our subject were Henry and Emily
(Irey) Hiner and they were born in Ohio, where the
mother died in 1871. His father is still living in
Canton, that State. They became members of the
Friends' Church early in life, in the faith of which
our subject was carefully reared. Henry Hiner
was married to Mrs. Mary Barton after the death
of his first wife and there were born three children,
Joseph, Ada and Ida, the latter two being twins.
Of the first marriage there were born five children,
namely, Arvine C, our subject, Cicero, Elizabeth,
Eden and Harrison. The paternal grandfather,
John Hiner, was a native of Pennsylvania and spent
his last daj's in Paris, Ohio. Grandfather Dawson
Ire}', was likewise a native of the Keystone Slate
and died in Columbiana County, Ohio.

To the parents of Mrs. Hiner there were born
five children, of whom she is the eldest and of
whom four survive. Her maternal grandfather,
Rudoli)hus Martin, was a native of Maryland and
was married in Pennsylvania to Bahama Uncles, a
native of Pennsylvania. They removed to Ohio
and died in Paris of which they had been residents
many years. Her paternal grandfather, Henry
Estep, was born in Germany and was of pure Ger-
man stock. He married Abigail Anderson, a native

of Ireland, and died in Delphi, Ind. Grandmother
Estep died at P:vansville, 111.

Mr. and Mrs. Hiner are the parents of two sons,
Ernest C. and James M. Mr. Hiner, while a resi-
dent of Ohio, identified himself with the Knights
of Pythias and the Chosen Friends. Politically,
he is a Democrat.

^ HARLES KERSCHEN. It is not alone to
V li) ^^^^^^'^ ™'-"" *''^'' ^^ ^'■6 indebted for the
■^f- upbuilding of the West. To her broad
prairies have come many from over the seas.
Germany has sent of her sons many who entered
fully into the pioneer work, and many others who
have invested their savings in the fertile acres of
the West. Among the latter class is the subject of
our sketch, who was born in Luxemburg, Germany,
May 19,1831. He was reared to manhood in his
native country, learning the weaver's trade, which
he followed for over twenty years. He then en-
gaged in farming, which occupation he has contin-
ued until the present time. He found a fitting
companion in Miss Helena Klein, to whom he was
married Dec. 19, 1862. Miss Klein was a native
of the same duchy as her husband, her birth hav-
ing taken place July 27, 1825.

Mr. and Mrs. Kerschen remained in their native
country until the year 1873, when they emigrated
to America with their family, which consisted of
two children, their eldest son, Charles, having died
while an infant. After a voyage of fifteen days
they landed in New York, then came directly to
Marshall County. Kan., where Mr. Kerchen pur-
chased eighty acres of land, upon which they set-
tled, on section 18, Marysville Township. Mr.
Keschen has devoted his attention wholly to farm-
ing and stock-raising, adding to his property until
now he owns 200 acres mostly improved, upon
which he has erected good buildings and made
other improvements.

Of the two children who were brought to Amer-
ica only one survives. Peter G. passed from earth
Sept. IG, 1886, at St. Joseph, Mo., at the earl}' age
of twenty -one. He was a graduate of AVritner's

226

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL AtBtfM.

Business College, of St. Joseph, Mo., and had been
engaged in teaching for tliree years. He was pre-
paring to return to the parental roof when, three
days before his intended departure, he was stricken
by the illness which terminated so fatally. His
was a life that not alone his parents, but the world
could ill afford to lose, as his mental attainments
and fine character gave promise of a life of great
usefulness. He was a devout member of the Cath-
olic Church. Nicholas S., the surviving son, has a
thorough common-school education, having at-
tended school for sixteen years. He is a very in-
telligent j'OTing man, a worthy representative of the
parental virtues.

Mr. Kerschen is a believer in and a supporter of
the principles advocated by the Democratic partj-.
The entire family- are members of the Catholic
Church. Mr. Kerschen is a man of upright, honest
character, and in looking back over his life he may
well feel a just pride at the position he has won in
the esteem and confidence of honest men and the
respect of all good citizens.

-s^-^^^'-CiQJ^"^**^'^

AMES D. NEWTON. Among the pioneer
settlers of this countj- Mr. Newton deserves
more than a passing notice. We first find
him here in 1875, and he soon afterward
became interested in tlie stone deposit, which is
located on the farm now owned by Mr. Fitz-
gerald. He associated himself with partners, and
under the firm name of J. D. Newton & Co. was
instrumental in the development of the quarry, of
which he is now the proprietor, and in the operation
of which he gives employment usually to half-a-
dozen men. The quarry is located two and one-half
miles sohth of the city of Beattie, and promi-
ses in the near future to become of considerable
importance. Mr. Newton possesses the industry
and perseverance necessar}- to success, and has all
the qualities of an honest man and a good citizen.
A native of Jefferson Countj', N. Y., our sub-
ject was born Aug. 23, 1846. and lived there until
a young man of twenty-two years. He pursued
his first studies in the common school, and com-

pleted his education in Ives Seminary at Antwerp.
Later he officiated as a pedagogue two terms, and
then leaving the Empire State, made his way to
Iowa, where he sojourned six months. We next
find him in Pawnee County, Neb., to which his
father had come in 1869 and purchased a farm.
James D. remained a member of the parental house-
hold until the children were grown, having, by
the death of his father in 1870, assumed manj' of
the responsibilities of the head of the household.
After this, crossing the line, he came over into
Kansas and located on a tract of land two and one-
half miles nortii of tlie infant town of Beattie. He
carried on farming there for a number of years.

In 1879 JMr. Newton removed to the city and
engaged as a stone mason, which occupation he
followed for about six years. In the meantime he
was concerned in the erection of some of the most
important buildings in the citj^, and later became
interested in his present enterprise. He associated
himself in partnership with Mr. Cornell, and under
the firm name of J. D. Newton & Co. they pros-
ecuted an extensive business, shipping between
800 and 900 ear-loads of stone per year. In Jan-
uary, 1889, Mr. Newton withdrew from the firm
and is now carrying on business alone. Politically,
he aflBliates with the Democratic party. He has
served as Township Trustee and Assessor for four
years, and was Justice of the Peace two years. He
declined a re-eleclion on account of his pressing
business affairs, which prevented him from giving
proper attention to the duties of the office. Socially,
be belongs to the A. O. U. AV., and Lodge No. 259,
A. F. & A. M., at Beattie.

The marriage of James D. Newton and Miss
Eliza Gates, was celebrated at the bride's home at
Antwerp, N. Y., Feb. 20, 1871. This union re-
sulted in the birth of six children, two of whom
are deceased. The survivors are named respect-
ively: Adamantha, Amber, Emmit and Mabel.
These remain at home with their parents, and are
being given the educational advantages which will
make of them good and intelligent citizens. Mrs.
Newton W.1S born in Antwerp, N. Y., Feb. 19,
1850, and remained there until her marriage. Her
father, Robertson Gates, was born at Champion,
Jefferson Co., N. Y., Dec, 25, 1801, and for many

Res. OF A.J. Palmer,Sec.36.WatervilleTown5Hip.

Residence OF C.G.Beach^Sec.iz. BlueRapids city Township.

Res. OF John Dawkims.Sec.G. Blue Rapids Township.

Portrait and feioGRAMiCAL ALfeuM.

years was occupied as foreman in a large fijuiulry
in Jefferson County. He was married, in 1833, to
Miss Eunice Lynde, a native of liis own count}-,
and wlio was born Sept. 25, 1809. The parental
family consisted of nine children, eight of whom
lived to mature years. The mother passed away
April 10, 1878, and the father in October, 1879.
Tliey spent their entire lives in their native State.
Samuel Newton, the father of our subject, was
born near the city of Ottawa, Canada, April 7,
1818. When a youth of seventeen years he emi-
grated to Jefferson County, N. Y., where he met
and married Miss Sylvia liines. He made his
home there until 1869, on a farm near Antwerp.
Finally selling out, he sought the farther West, and
died near Pawnee City, Neb., in 1870, leaving a
family of seven children, one of whom died soon
afterward. James D. was the eldest child of the
family. Those surviving are residents mostly of
Kansas and Nebraska. The mother is still living
at the old homestead in C'la}- Township, Pawnee
Count}-.

^^ HARLES L. WATSON. Perhaps the lead:
[l( ing characteristics in the make-up of this

^^^ gentleman are, his love of home, his regard
for his family and the industry which has sur-
rounded them with all the comforts of life. He
has been a life-long farmer and has 160 acres of
well developed land on section 5, which he secured
as a homesteader in 1866. He has since given to this
his best efftirts, bringing the soil to a productive
condition, making fences, erecting buildings, plant-
ing shade and fruit trees, and effecting the im-
provements naturally suggested to the careful and
industrious individual. He believes in extracting
all tlie good from life possible and has mixed with
his labors a large amount of enjoyment.

In reverting to the antecedents of our subject,
we find that he is the son of John P. Watson, a
native of the city of Hull, England. He emigrated
to America early in life, and settled in Pennsyl-
vania, where he was married to Miss Elizabeth L.
Sweeney, who was probably born in that State.
It is believed that they settled in Lycoming

Count}- after their marriage, but later they re-
moved to Carlisle County, Ohio, where they lived
nearly seven years. Their next removal was to
Ogle County, 111., where they sojourned until 1867,
and that year came to Kansas, settling in Oketa
Township, this county. The father followed farm-
ing, and died Feb. 9, 1879; the mother departed
this life Dec. 23, 1882. Tliey were the parents of
eleven children, seven of whom are living.

The subject of this sketch was one of the elder
children of the parental family, and was born in
Lorain Township, Carlisle Co., Ohio, April 15,
1839. He was about four years old when his jjar-
ents removed to Ogle County, 111., and settled in
Monroe Township, where he spent his boyhood
and youth and developed into manhood. He ac-
quired his education in the common schools and
assisted his father on the farm until the spring of
1866. He was married Feb. 22 that year to Miss
Sarah, daughter of Charles H. and Margaret (Spiel-
man) Travelute. The father of Mrs. Watson was
a native of Germany and of French ancestry.
Upon" emigrating to America they settled in Penn-
sylvania, and later emigrated first to Mason
County, 111., and then to Ogle County, where the
family lived for many years. In the spring of
1806 they came to Kansas, and are now residents
of Oketo Township. The household consisted of
eight children, of whom Mrs. Watson was the fifth
in order of birth. She first opened her eyes to the
light in Mason County, 111., May 20, 1849. Soon
after their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Watson settled
on the 160 acres of land which our' subject had
homesteaded the previous 'year, in a log house,
which they occupied about eight years. Mr. Wat-
son then rented his land and removed to Van-
couvers Island, B. C, where he lived another elo^ht
years, and then returned* to this county. He now
erected a good frame house upon his farm, and
has since given to it his undivided attention, mak-
ing a specialty of stock-raising.

To our subject and his estimable wife there have
been born five children, namely: George B., Dora
I., Grace V., Margaret I. and Florence M. Mrs. Wat-
son deserves praise no less than her husband, for
the manner in which she has stood by him through
storm and sunshine, encouraging him in his wortliy

228

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

efforts aud conducting lier household affairs with
that good judgment and economy which has had
no small influence in the happiness of the home and
the success of our subject. Mr. Watson, politically,
was formerly identified witli the Democratic party,
but now votes the Union Labor ticket. He is a man
who does his own thinking, believes in the rights
of labor, and belongs to the A. O. U. W.

OSEPH B. WUESTER, is one of the rising
1 young men of this county, prominent in the
! community in which he dwells, the owner
^)j of valuable property in this county, and
carrying on the business of a general merchant at
Home City. He is of German descent, his father,
Abraham and his mother, Margretta, (Bower)
Wuester, both having been natives of the Father-
land. After their marriage they settled in St. Louis,
from there they removed to St. Joseph, Mo., and
thence emigrated to this county in 1858. On ac-
count of sickness they remained in this State but
about a year, returning to St. Joseph for a two
years' sojourn. They tiien returned to Kansas,
settling in what is now Guittard Township, where
they still reside. They had a family of nine chil-
dren of whom our subject is the eldest living. He
was born in St. Joseph, Mo., Sept. 1, 1858, and was
about two years of age when his parents returned
to this State, where he grew to manhood upon
his father's farm. He received a good common-
school education, making the most of the advan-
tages of the county. He remained at the parental
fireside until his twenty -second 3-ear, when at Frank-
fort, Kau., May. 1', 1880, was celebrated his mar-
riage with Miss Rosa SchiVarz, the onl}- child of
Gotleib Scliwarz. The parents of the bride were
natives of German}^ who had emigrated to Amer-
ica in the winter of 1869, settling in Center Town-
ship, this county, where they still reside. Mrs.
Wuester was born in Germany, Sept. 1, 1855. She
has become the mother of three children — Lottie
and Joseph W., now living, and William, who died
at the age of five years.

Mr. Wuester began mercantile business at Home

City, in the spring of 1884 and carries a fine stock
of general merchandise and is proving himself a
man of excellent business ability. In company
with Gregg Bros, of St. Joseph, Mo., he operates
an elevator having a capacity of 12,000 bushels.
In addition to these business enterprises, he is a
partner in the State's Bank at Summerfield, Kan.,
and is the owner of 320 acres of land in Franklin
and Center townships. He was appointed Post-
master under Cleveland's administration, and held
that office until the spring of 1889; he has held
some of the school offices of the township, and is a
man of prominence in the community. Few young
men of Northern Kansas can show a better record
of financial success or excel him in the character-
istics of true manhood. Mr. Wuester is a devout
member of the Catholic Church, while his wife
worships with the Lutheran Church.

\f, OHN TALBOT, a plain, straightforward
man, reliable, industrious and well-to-do,
may be usually be found at his well-regu-
lated farm on section 8, which is mainly
devoted to stock-raising. The land is highly pro-
ductive, the dwelling is built in a modern style of
architecture and the barn and other outbuildings
are neat and convenient structures, ampl3- adapted
to the purposes of general agriculture. The proprie-
tor holds a good position socially and financially in
his community, and deserves honorable mention
among the men who have assisted in the develop-
ment of Marysvillo Township.

In reverting to the parental history of our sub-
ject, we find that his father, Charles Talbot, was a
native of London, England, where he was reared
to man's estate and married Susannah Key. After
marriage they settled in London, where they lived
until about 1849, then emigrating to America
located on a farm in South Grove Township
DeKalb Co., III. They lived there until the
si)ringof 1866, then coming to this count}', settled
cm a farm on section 8, in Marysville Township,
where the father prosecuted agriculture until his
death, which occurred in 1879. The mother died
at the old homestead two years later. They were

PO&ttlAlt AlSfD fei06fiAt»HiCAL ALBtTM.

229

the parents of eight children, of whom John was
the fifth in order of birth. He likewise was born
in London, Sept. 19, 1844. His father and older
brother came to America that year, and two years
after, the balance of the family came. He followed
them two years later and attained his majority in
DeKalb Count}', 111. He accompanied his famil}- to
tills county in the spring of 1866, but having a crop
to gather in DeKalb County, returned to Illinois,
where he stayed about oneyear, and Snall}^ rejoined
the family in this county, settling on the land which
he had previously homesteaded. This comprised
eighty acres on section 32, in Oketo Township,
where he lived about ten or eleven 3'ears, and until
after the death of his father. He then removed to
Maryville Township, of which he has since been a
resident, and now owns 120 acres of land.

While a resident of DeKalb County, 111., our sub-
ject was married Sept. 6, 1866 to Miss Eveline
Taylor, and of this union there are three children
living, namel}' : Walter, Edith and Lillie. The
wife, and mother of these children died at the
homestead in Oketo Township, June 5, 1873. Mr.
Talbot was married to his present wife May 6, 1874.
She was Mrs. Nancy C. Johnson— her maiden
name being Parish; she is a native of Kentucky.

Mr. Talbot, politically, is a straight Republican.
He is a man making very little stir in tiie world,
but pursues the even tenor of his way, doing a
friend or a neighbor a favor as he has opportunity,
and giving his influence to those enterprises having
for tiieir object the general good of the people.

^iHOMAS L. HOLLOWAY. It will read-
ily be conceded to have been a most fort-
unate occurrence when about thirty years
ago the Holloway family became settlers of this
State, and contributed of their labors and efforts
to develop the vast resources of Marshall County.
There were three brothers of this family who came
to Kansas with their parents in 1857. leaving their
former Ohio home, and locating in Doniphan
County, Kan., which was for a short time their so-
journing ground. One son remained in the East,

and one sister living in the State of Ohio. Coming to
Marshall County about 1859, the family entered
Government land, where the subject of this notice
now resides, on section 35, in Herkimer Township.
Their first home (a log cabin) was the second
house on Horse Shoe Creek, and was beautifully
located in a picturesque, romantic spot, but at that
time was lonely, the onl}' sounds being the frequent
and mournful cries of wild animals, and the only
lights visible at night when clouds obscured the
moon and stars, were the camp fires of distant In-
dians. The latter, however, were, as a rule, not
unfriendlj', though occasionally threatening the
settlers with all the horrors of an Indian War.

Born Nov. 11, 1838, in Henr}- Count}-, Ohio, to
Noah and Amanda B. (Hunt) Holloway, our sub-
ject was early deprived of a mother's loving and
ever-watchful care. Later, his father was married
a second time, his wife being Mrs. Mary Sanford,
whose first husband, Francis Sanford. died in Ohio.
She still lives with her son, Jacob, in this county,
but the father passed away Jan. 29, 1879. The
boyhood years of our subject do not present any
striking facts for the biographer to record, as they
were passed in a comparatively uneventful manner
under the parental roof. Reaching manhood, he
commenced to prepare for a home of his own, and
chose to share ic with him, Mrs. Bell Whitehead,
daughter of Thomas N. and Mary A. (Anderson)
Pace, who had previously been married to John
H. Whitehead, of St. Joseph, Mo., and had one
child by this union, a son, Thomas J. Our subject
and his wife were married in St. Joseph, and their
union has resulted in the birth of three cliildren,
namely: William L., Hettie A. and Cora L.

The owner of the old home farm compiisin^"^
an area of 249 acres of land, our subject is fl.
nancially independent, and is able to give his chil-
dren the advantages of which he was deprived. He
has held the otHce of Justice of the Peace for six
years,and in politics affiliates wiili the Republicans.
His farm is in good condition, with a comfortable
frame residence, stone and frame barn, and all the
outbuildings essential to the successful develop-
ment and carrying on of a modern farm. Sur-
rounding the house are many natural shade
trees, whose lofty branches serve as a protection

230

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

against the too friendly beams of the summer sun,
and also break the severity of winter winds and
IManitoba breezes. Tiie buildings are erected close
to tlie banks of the Morse Shoe Creek, and all along
the water's edge is a lieav}' growth of timber,
whose giant boughs arch downward as though to
kiss the murmuring water below. The familj^ thus
pleasantly located, are among the most liiglily re-
s|)ected in the entire county, and their past history
has been such as to richly merit the confidence
tiiey enjoy.

P^very soldier's life is divided into two separate
and distinct periods — the time of peace and the
time of war. Having alreadj' considered ihe life
of Mr. HoUoway under the former, let us append
a few facts concerning the latter. When the
hideous reality of war broke out in all its fury
over the country, Mr. Holloway was among the
first to enlist and offer his life as a sacrifice for the
preservation of the Union. He enlisted in Com-
pany H, 2d Kansas Cavalr3', Dec. 9, 1861, and
served until March 14, 1865. Among the engage-
ments in which he participated were the following:
ISiutona, Cone Hill, Prairie Grove, Van Buren,
Little Rock, Prairie Dam, Camden and Saline
River; all in Arkansas. Our subject was so fort-
unate as to receive only one wound,causeJ bj' being
tiu'own from a horse in the charge at Dripping
Springs, Ark. He then had two ribs broken, which
disabled him for some time. He was discharged as
a Corporal, and is now Second Lieutenant of Com-
pany G, 3d Regiment Kansas National Guards, of
Jlarysville; he belongs also to Lyons Post No. 9,
G. A. R., of Mar3'sville. In these various organiza-
tions he is a prominent member, and is intimately
associated with wiialever has a tendeuc\' to improve
the social condition of those around him, freely-
assisting all charitable and philanthropic attempts
to benefit humanity at large.

Concerning the father of Mr. Holloway, who was
by name Noah Holloway, and who married Amanda
Hunt, it is recorded that he was a native of New
Jersey, and that he was brought b}' his parents,
Jacob and Hannah (Cora) Holloway, to Pennsyl-
vania, when he was only nine months of age, and
thence accompanied them to Hamilton County,
Ohio, when that State was yet a territory and Cin-

cinnati a mere unimportant village. The family lo-
cated about nine miles from the latter city, and
about fifteen years later the grandfather of our
subject sold his possessions, and invested his money
in the town of Shakerville, Warren Co., Ohio,
being desirous of developing the interests of the
Shaker Church. There the grandparents spent
their last days, and there Jacob Holloway lived to
be eighty-four years of age, having been born on
the 26th of October. 1767. His wife died at the
age of ninety-one. Her maiden name was- Hannah
Cora, born Oct. 7, 1772. Noah Holloway- and
wife (whom he had married Dec 21, 1883) left
their old home and located in Northern Ohio.
Another generation further back we find mention
made of Jeremiali Hollowaj', who was a brave pa-
triot in the Revolutionary War, and helped to
free his country from the tyranny of foreign rule.

0~ LARKSON HOLTON. Among the pioneer
settlers of ^NLarshall Count}- none probabl}'
have had a wider or more varied experience
than Mr. Holton and his excellent wife. They
came to the frontier soon after the Indians had left
it and experienced all the hardships and privations
of life in a new settlement. But many and great
as these were, they were never so numerous or ex-
tended that Mr. and Mrs. Holton could not tender
the hospitalities of their humble dwelling to some
one worse off than themselves. They became
noted for their kindness of heart and for the fact
that no one who was needy was ever turned emptj-
from their door. This quality has clung to them
through all the years which have followed, and
few sojourners in this part of the county are un-
acquainted with the sturdy old veteran and his
faithful and affectionate partner. The}- are now-
sitting under their own vine and fig tree, and
while reviewing the toils and sacrifices of their
earlier years and comparing them with the blessings
of the present, they feel amply repaid for all which
the}- have endured. Not only are their children
located comfortably around them, but they have a
number of bright and interesting grandchildren

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

231

whom they look upon with pardonable pride. If
the sunsft of their lives is not cloudless and serene,
it will not be because they iiave not the best
wishes of a host of friends.

The branch of the Holtou family from wliich our
subject sprang was represented in New England at
an earl}- day. II is parents, Jeptha and Nancy
(Clausen) Holton, were natives of New Jersey,
where they were reared and married and after-
ward settled in Plainfield. The mother died in
Plainfield, N. J.; the father subsequently re-
moved to Illinois, whei-e he spent his last days.
The father was a hatter b}' trade, and the parental
household included six children, four daughters
and two sons. Clarkson was the second child and
was born near Plainfield, N. J., Nov. 20, 1815.
He too learned the hatter's trade and remained a
resident of his nattve State until nearlj' thirty
years of age. He followed his trade until 18.54,
then leaving New Jersey, struck out for the West
and purchased a farm in Tazewell County, 111. lie
occupied this until February, 1 870, and then came
with his family to this count}'. Here he home-
steaded eighty acres of land on section 22 in Elm
Creek Township, of which he has since been a
resident.

After coming to this Stale Mr. Holton worked
one >ear at grading on the St. Joseph & Grand
Island Railway. He has, however, given the most
of his attention to farming and stock-raising. He
has been very successful as a tiller of the soil and
added eightj' acres to his first purchase, upon
which he has made good improvements. He com-
menced life in this county with very little means,
having only a few household goods, a team of
mules and twentj'-five cents in cash. Brave must
have been the spirit which bore up under the out-
look in a region thinly settled and with few of the
conveniences of modern life. A few years of in-
dustry and perseverance, however, materially
changed his condition and placed him upon solid
ground.

Mr. Holton was first married in Plainfield, N. J.,
Oct. 29, 1836, to Miss Rachel O'Connor, who was
born in New York Cit}- and who became the mother
of one child. The latter, a daughter, Rhoda S.,
was first married to William Morrison, who died

in New York City, and she was then married to
William Fitzgerald, of Blue Rapids City, this
county. Mrs. Rachel (O'Connor) Holton died in
Tazewell County, 111., Jan, 25, 1857.

Our subject contracted a second marriage in
Tazewell County, 111, Jan. 24, 1861, with Miss
Harriet, daughter of Christopher and Mary (Mar-
tin) Wentz. The parents of Mrs. Holton were na-
tives of Chester and Lancaster counties. Pa.,
respectively, and the father in his younger years
was proprietor of an hotel and kept a livery stable.
They finally removed to Mercer Count}\ where
the mother died. Mr. Wentz, later removed to
Tazewell County, III. where he spent his last daj-s.
Mrs. Holton was the sixth in a family of eleven
children and was born near New Castle, Pa..
March 13, 1823. Her marriage with our subject
resulted in the birth of three children, the (.Idest of
whom, Mary A., died at the homestead in Elm
Creek Township, Nov. 18, 1882, when an interest-
ing young woman of twentj'-one years. William
A. married Miss Girolda G. Sheets, and they reside
in Elm Creek Township. They have two children,
John A. and Mary M.; Christopher O. died in in-
fancy. Mr. Holton politically in former years
affiliated with the Republican party but now votes
independently. Mrs. Holton is a member in good
standing of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

^^HARLES PRITCHARD. Side by side in
(|f^_, their influence upon the future life of the
^^^ j'oung, stand the home and the school. Not
for mental training alone is the latter responsible but
for much of the moral as well. By example the
youth are guided more even than by direct instruc-
tion, and in view of this fact, the daily walk and con-
versation of the teacher is a matter of grave impor-
tance. It gives us pleasure to sketch the life of
one whose mental attainments and upright charac-
ter so well fitted him for the position he occupied
during many years, that of instructor of the j'outh.
Mr. Charles Pritchard was born in Richland
County, Ohio, Dec. 27, 1844. There he grew to
manhood, obtaining a good common school educa-

232

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

tion. With this and a capital of $10 and an old
watch, he was prepared to begin life for himself
on attaining his majority. Going to Woodford
County, 111., he entered upon the profession of
teaching, and at the end of seven months he re-
turned home possessed of $123. During the fol-
lowing two j'cars he worked his father's farm and
during both winters taught school. In 1868 he
came to Kansas and during the winter and suc-
ceeding summer taught in the Emory district.
The foliowing winter the Beattie district secured"
his services. He then worked for a time on
the St. Joseph & Grand Island Railway. He
next worked for Dr. Sheldon, of Beattie. and
taught in district 39. Following this came two
winters of professional work in Gage County,
Neb. The year 1873 found him teaching in Deer
Creek district of this county. In the summer of
1874 he began farming on a homestead which he
had taken on section 28, Balderson Township, and
during the same j'ear he re-engaged as teacher in
district 39. In 1875 he taught two terms of school
while carrying on his farm, and in the winter of the
same year taught the Elliott district. In the sum-
mer of 1876 he devoted liimself entirely to his
farming and during the winter returned to his la-
bors in district 39. He then gave up the active
work of the teacher's profession and devoted his
attention to the pursuit of agriculture. He re-
mained upon his homestead until March, 1884,
when he took possession of his jjresent home on
section 18, Balderson Township, this land having
been derived by purchase from his vvife's father.
It is all under cultivation and well supplied with
farm buildings. Mr. Pritchard now has twent}'-
three head of cattle, nine head of horses and tliirty-
three head of hogs, and carries on successfully the
business of farming. The farm upon which he
lives comprises 164^ acres and is held in his own
name.

On the farm where he now lives, but at that
time the residence of the bride, was celebrated
his marriage to Miss ^Lar3' Rigg. daughter of Silas
.and Sarah (Morris) Rigg. The parents were na-
tives respectively of Illinois and Virginia. The
family consisted of ten children, five of whom are
now living. Mrs, Pritchard was the eldest child.

having been born March 16, 1851, in Indiana.
When she was about two years of age her parents
had removed to Black Hawk County, Iowa, whence
three years later they came to Adams County,
same State. After a sojourn of ten years they emi-
grated to Kansas and settled upon the farm which
their daughter now occupies with her husband.
Here the mother died in September, 1875. The
father is now living in Morton County, Kan, Mrs.
Pritchard has borne her husband three childreu,
Alice Faye, Sarah Claire and Charles Lloyd.

Our subject is the son of John Pritchard, a na-
tive of Derbyshire, England, who with his father,
Charles Pritchard, emigrated to America in 1818,
first settling in Bedford, Pa. From there they
went to Richland County, Ohio, where they bought
240- acres of Government land and established a
new home. Of this land 160 acres are still in the
possession of the family. Going back another
generation in the paternal line, we find William
Pritchard, a native of England, who became a
preacher when fifty-seven years of age. The ma-
ternal grandfather of our subject was Thomas An-
drews, a native of the North of Ireland, who
emigrated to America, settling in Ohio, and died
in the year 1840, His wife, Anna (Kithcart) An-
drews was a native of Pennsylvania and died in
1860. Their daughter Sarah, a native of Ohio, was
married in that State, Jan. 4. 1844, to John Prit-
chard, father of our subject, and in that State spent
the remainder of her life, dying July 11, 1850.
Mv. John Pritchard later married Esther Fletcher,
also a native of the Buckeye State. He died in
December, 1875, his wife surviving him about five
years. The parental family consisted of three ciiil-
dren, all the result of the first marriage. Our sub-
jijct was the eldest of the family, having a sister,
Anna Mary, wife of John W. Kinton, of Richland
County, Ohio, and a brother, Thomas, also living
in that count}'.

Our subject and his wife are active members of
the Presbj'terian Church of North Mar3'sville, in
which he is ruling Elder. Mr. and Mrs. Pritchard
have been members of the Grange and Good Tem-
plars lodges, and both have held official positions
in each of the organizations. Mr. Pritchard takes
au active interest in politics and votes the Repub-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

233

licaii ticket. For three j'ears he has been Justice
of tlie Peace in Balderson Township. As might well
be expected of a retired teacher, lie takes an act-
ive interest in educational affairs and for manj'
years has held a position upon the School Board.
During his professional career Mr. Pritchard was
accustomed to open his sciiool with scripture read-
ing and prayer. At Beattie lie was told by the
School Board and Roman Catholics then living
there, that he could read the Bible from 4 p.m.
until A.^r. if he chose, but they forbade him read-
ing it in school hours. In accordance with the ad-
vice of the County Superintendent he thereafter
refrained from doing so. Mr. and Mrs. Pritchard
are among the most highly esteemed residents of
the township, and are people of more than ordinary
intelligence, of hospitable and kindly manners and
active in all good works.

-^-5§$i-^

emigration moves toward the setting sun,
new villages spring up where once was the
^1/ boundless prairie, and thriving towns ap-

pear upon the site of the old hunting grounds of
the Indians, while the timbered forest disappears
before the powerful hand of man. Wonderful
changes have been witnessed by those who came
to Kansas in the da3-s of its infancj* as a State, and
great improvements have been made by their un-
flagging industry. Even those more recent settlers
have materially' assisted to change the face of the
country, as they have established pleasant homes
and bustling, noisy cities. The natives of the
State of Ohio have not been in the rear of the on-
ward march, but were in the front ranks of the
early settlers.

Among those who have been prospered in their
labors, not the least worthy of mention is he of
whom we write, Alonzo A. Gerhart, who came to
this State and count}' in 1880. Though compara-
tively speaking he is a recent settler, yet he took
lip land In an almost primitive condition, and has
changed it to a productive, valuafile farm.

There reside in Iowa an old couple, venerated by

their friends and respected by all who know them.
They are in the twilight of life which has been
passed by them in earnest efforts to make a home
and rear their children so that they might reflect
credit upon their parents throughout their life.
These people are Aaron Gerhart and his wife Anna
(Davis) Gerhart. The former was a native of the
Keystone State, but when a boy came to Ohio,
where he married Anna ]")avis. Six of their chil-
dren lived to years of maturity. After a long
residence in Ohio, they came to Iowa, where in
Jones County, the father is still managing the in-
terests of liis farm.

Among the children born to Aaron and Anna
(Davis) Gerhart, the one in whom we are particu-
larly interested is Alonzo A. He was born in
Knox County, Ohio, Nov. 29, 1849, and here he
remained with his parents until he was four years
of age, then went to Iowa in company with them
on their removal. In this then frontier State, he
grew to man's estate, receiving a good, practical
education in the schools of his district. He early
learned to make himself useful on the home farm,
and became so proficient as a farmer, that he chose
agriculture as his life occupation. Time has proven
this to be a wise selection. A mere glance at his
comfortable, well-kept farm shows that the leading
spirit of the place is one who understands his
chosen calling.

That Mr. Gerhart has such a pleasant home is
due not alone to his efforts, for he has had for
nearly twenty years the active cooperation of an
intelligent, practical, and amiable wife, whose
maiden name was Eva Glick. To her he was mar-
ried Dec. 11, 1870, and for ten years thereafter
they worked together on their Iowa homestead.
But such enthusiastic reports were brought to their
ears of the wonderful soil of the growing State of
Kansas that they were induced to remove hither.
This was their first residence in the State and so
comfortabl}' are the}' settled, that we may reason-
ably trust no further removals will be deemed
prudent.

To. Mr. and Mrs. Gerhart have been born four
children, namely: George A., Anna, Ira, and Ern-
est, all of whom are 3'et under the parental roof,
and form a happy, united fandly. Mr. (ierliart

234

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

votes with the Republican party, with whose prin-
ciples he is in cordial, hearty sympatb3-. He is a
ineiuber of the Masonic fraternit3', and was Clerk
of ^he township for one year; he has served as
Road Overseer, and is at present Clerk of the
School District. He was also School Director for
one term, and was of considerable aid in securing
the services of good instructors, and placing the
school in fine condition.

Mrs. Gerhart was born in Indiana in 1852 and is
the daughter of Gideon and Minerva ^Wholf)
Click. Gideon Click was born Feb. 11, 1822, in
Ohio; Minerva Click, born Aug. 3, 1827, in Penn-
sylvania. They moved to Iowa when their daugh-
ter, Eva, was only three years old, and remained
there until in 1880 when they changed their home
to Kansas, and at this time reside in Richland
Township. Mr. Glick is engaged in farming. Mrs.
Gerhart was one of six children, two girls and four
boys, all living.

— -^m- — -

^^LMERON BROOKS. The deliberate and
@/lJI . cautious man, although making less stir

jj 111 in the world than the more breezy and
^ pugnacious, usuallj^ wins the da}'. These

qualities have been among the leading character-
istics of Mr. Brooks, who, following their direction
in his business affairs, may be accounted as having
made of life a success, morally and financially. He
is liberal and public-spirited to a marked degree,
and is numbered among the most useful men of
his community. He has been prompt to meet his
obligations, and his word is considered as good as
his bond. A farmer all his life, he has a thorough
understanding of agricultural pursuits, having fol-
lowed them successfully for many years on his
present homestead, which is finely' located on sec-
tion 24 in Elm Creek Township. In addition to
the thorough cidtivation of the si)il, he has erected
first-class buildings, surrounded his dwelling with
fruit and shade trees, and his familj' with all the
comforts and conveniences of modern life.

A native of the town of Hornby, Steuben Co.,
N. Y., our subject was born July 18, 1829, and

was the thh'rt in a family of four children born to
Sylvester and Prudency (Peck) Brooks, who were
both natives of Connecticut. The}' lived in that
State for a time after their marriage, and then emi-
grated to Steuben County, N. Y., afterward chang-
ing their residence to Genesee Count}-, where the
mother died many years ago. Sylvester Brooks is
still living, and has attained to a ripe old age.

Our subject was about eleven years old when
his parents removed from Steuben to Genesee
County, N. Y„ where he developed into manhood
and engaged in farming. He lived there until
the fall of 1870, then decided to seek the Farther
West, and coming to this county, located, in the
spring of 1871, at his present farm on section 24,
Elm Creek Township. The first busy years were
employed in effecting improvements as rapidly as
possible, besides the added labor of sowing and
reaping the grain in its season, and raising the pro-
visions for household consumption. Mr. Brooks
in due time added to his landed possessions, and
is now the owner of 240 acres, which is largely de-
voted to stock-raising, and mostly operated by
other parties. It is the source of a handsome in-
come, and yields ample returns for the laljor be-
stowed upon it. Mr. Brooks erected on his fine
homestead a commodious farm residence, which is
represented by a view on another page.

The marriage of our subject and Miss L}dia A.
Kenyon was celebrated in Youngstown, N. Y., Oct.
14, 1851. Mrs. Brooks was born in Mexico, Os-
wego Co., N. Y., May 8, 1831, and is the daughter
of Stanton Kenyon, who, with his estimable wife,
spent his last years in Genesee County. Their
family consisted of six ehihlren, of whom Mrs.
Brooks was the second-born. To her,as to her mother
before her, there have been born six children, the
eldest of whom, Sarah E., is the wife of John Les-
lie, of this county; Frank married Miss Anna
Miller, and lives in Elm Creek Township ; Harvey A.
married Miss Jennie McMillin, and is occupied at
farming in this county; M)rtie is the wife of An-
drew McMillin, of Waterville Township; Bert H.
married Miss Anna Thomas, and Fred remains at
home with his parents.

Both our subject and his estimable wife are
members in good standing of the Methodist Epis-

Res. and Q.UARRr of I.H.Chapmam. Oketo City Kansas.

— :^i?*f¥S~-*''*s«*'*«-'

Old House.

Residence OF Almeron Brooks, Sec. 2^. Elm Creek Township.

rORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

237

copal Cliurcli, in which Mr. Brooks has been Class-
Leader for many years, both in New York Slate
and Kansas. In politics he is a decided Prohi-
bitionist, but, aside from holding the ofHces of
Township Tieasurer and Trustee, has declined of-
ficial responsibilities. He keeps himself well posted
upon current events, and is a man possessing a
line fund of general information, making him thus
a very pleasant companion, from whom something
can always be learned.

-^ ^-^ ^

fRVING II. CHAPMAN, who is known through-
|i out Marshall County as one of its keenest and
11 most enterprising business men, having been
variously identified with its interests since pioneer
days, and liy his energy and business talent given
an impetus to its growth, is a leading citizen of
Oketo. This town is indebted to him for its origin,
as he laid out and platted the first site on his farm
Jan. 7, 1881, and though for certain reasons the
greater part of the town has been erected on an ad-
dition, yet he will always have the honor of having
been its originator, and its history will form a part
of his own. He is prosperously engaged in tiie
hardware business here, and has a neat, well-ap-
pointed store, well stocked with a large and varied
assortment of hardware of all kinds, and has an ex-
tensive and lucrative trade.

Our subject is a son of the Hon. Samuel E. and
Harriet (Barnes) Chapman, natives, respectively,
of Stillwater and Batavia, N. Y., the father subse-
quently becoming a prominent lawyer and States-
man in Wisconsin. After marriage they began
their wedded life in Rochester, N. Y., whence they
removed to Black River Falls, and later to Laporte,
Ind. Mr. Chapman was there engaged as a car-
penter and builder, and erected the first court house
ill that city. He finally went with his family to
Waterford, Racine Co., Wis., where he resided the
remainder of his life. He devoted a part of his
time to the flouring business, and erected a flour,
grist and saw mill, which was managed principally
by other hands, while he attended to his profes-
sional duties as a lawyer. He was one of the lead-

ing members of tbe bar in Racine County, and such
was the confidence of the people in liim, that tliey
elected him twice to represent them in the State
Legislature, and the honor is due to him of having
been the originator of the present homestead law
of Wisconsin, and of having been instrumental in
securing the passage of the bill through the Legis-
lature. He died deepl3' lamented and universally
respected in 1872, wliile his amiable wife survived
hiin but a few years, dying in 1877.

Samuel Chapman and his wife had a familj' of
nine children, of whom our subject was the second,
and he was born in Laporte, Ind., July 28, 1836.
When he was a year old his parents removeil to
Waterford, Wis., and there amid pioneer scenes he
grevv to a stalwart, capable manhood. As soon as
he was old enough, in company with another, he
took almost the entire charge of his father's mill
while the latter was attending to his law business.
In 1855 he met with a painful accident in the mill
by coming in contact with a circular saw, wliereby
all the fingers of his right hand were cut off. But
such was his purity of blood and perfect state of
health, that the wound was entirely healed in six
months.

Mr. Chapman's marriage with Miss Susan H.,
daughter of Richard and Sarah Foat, natives of
England, was duly solemnized July 4, 1857. She
was born in New York, Aug. 3, 1838, and under
the parental roof received that wise training that
made her equal to the cares and responsibilities
that have devolved upon her in after life since she
has been called upon to fulfill the duties of wife
and mother. Six children have been born of her
wedded life with our subject — Chauncey I., El-
mer G., Samuel E., Walter F., Gertrude I., and
Bertie E.

Mr. Chapman continued in business in Wisconsin
with his father until 1866. For some time his at-
tention had been centered on Kansas, and being
much impressed with tlie vigor of the young and
rapidly growing State, its fine climate, its won-
derful and varied resources, and other natural ad-
vantages, with characteristic enterprise, he resolved
to invest his capital here, and make this State his
permanent abiding place. In the month of June,
of the year just mentioned, he put Lis resolution

238

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

into execution, and coming to Marshall County,
settled in Oketo Township. Here was a fine op-
portunity for him to e.stablish himself in the milling
business, of which he has aieh thorough practical
knowledge, and he built a dam across the river, and
erected a sawmill during the winter of 1866-77.
He had just completed it, when a rise in the river
swept a portion of the dam away, and with it car-
ried the mill about half a mile down the stream.
Not discouraged by this ill stroke of luck, Mr.
Chapman soon after formed a partnership with
Joseph Guittard, and rebuilt the dam and mill,
which now stands at Oketo. They ccntinned to-
gether in the milling business ten years, and at the
expiration of that time, Mr. Chapman bought his
partner's interest in the concern, and operated it
himself very profitably until 1887, when he sold
out to Anderson & Co. In 1884 he began to work
a stone-quarry at Oketo, and still continues that
enterprise, from which he derives a good annual
income. A man of many resources, he has not
confined himself to any one business, and with his
other interests, managed a farm in this county, un-
til the spring of 1889, when he sold it at a good
price. He established himself in the hardware busi-
ness in March, 1889, fitting up bis commodious
store witli a very fine stock of all kinds of hard-
ware, and he alreadj- commands a good trade.

.Since coming hereto reside, Mr. Chapman's hon-
orable, conscientious course as a business man, his
far-seeing business policy, enterprise and tact, have
rendered him a great addition to the citizenship of
the town and county, and it is to the influence of
such men of fertile brain and liberal spirit that
they are indebted for their high standing and pros-
perity. We have already referred to his work in
founding Oketo, and he was also instrumental in
having a post-office established here, and for a
number of years served with entire satisfaction to
the whole community as Postmaster. He was ap-
pointed Notarj- Public in the seventies, and has
since filled that office with ability. A man of en-
fightened views, well understanding the value of a
good education in any walk in life, be has always
taken a marked interest in local educational mat-
ters, and has exerted his influence to secure good
schooling for the youth of the town. He has hing

been identified with the Republican party, but is
now a prominent supjiorter of the Union Labor
party, earnestly syinpathizing with the views of its
founders, and heartily approving of its platform.
Our readers will notice with pleasure tlie valu-
able addition to the Album in a view of the pleas-
ant home of Mr. and Mrs. Chapman, given on an-
other page.

^ ACOP) E. ANDREWS. The welfare of every
community is dependent upon the liberality
and public-spiriteduess of its leading men —
those who are willing to contribute a fair
share of their time and means to the encourage-
ment of those enterprises calculated for its advance-
ment. Mr. Andrews has made for himself a good
record in this respect, and is looked up to as one
whose place, were it made vacant, could not be
readily filled. Quiet and unobtrusive in his hab-
its, he has nevertheless exerted no small influence
in the affairs of his township, and the fact that he
is spoken well of bj' all who know him, is sufficient
indication of his true character. We find him com-
fortablj- located on section 25, Elm Creek Town-
ship, where he, in 1882, purchased a quarter section
of land which he has brought to a good state of
cultivation, and improved with comfortable build-
ings. His course has been that of an honest, up-
right citizen, one who is prompt in meeting his
obligations, and endeavors to do unto his neigh-
bors as he would he done b}'.

In noting the parental history of our subject, we
find that his father, Ernest Andrews, was a native
of Germany, where he lived until reaching man-
hood, and was married to Miss Christina Markle}%
who was probably born in his own Province. Upon
emigrating to America, thej' established themselves
in Liverpool Township, Medina Co., Ohio, where
the father engaged in farming, and where both par-
ents spent the remainder of their lives. Ernest
Andrews departed this life June 11, 1877. The
wife and mother survived her husband a little over
three years, her death taking place July 11, 1880.
Their family consisted of seven children, of whom
Jacob E. was the fifth in order of birth. He first
opened his eyes to the light in Liverpool Township,

PORTRAIT ANIJ I5I0GRAPHICAL ALBUM.

239

Ohio, Nov. 8, 1857, and was there reared to man's
estate, acquiring his educntion in the common
schools. He lived at home until a youth of seven-
teen years, then starting out for himself, sought
the farther West, traveling through Iowa and
Minnesota, and returning home after an absence of
two years. He then remained there until coming
to this county, in 1882, and here he has since lived.
For his wife our subject sought a maiden of his
own township in Ohio, Miss Johanna Weidner, to
whom he was man-ied there, Dec. 24, 1878. Mrs.
Andrews was born in Liverpool Township, Jan.
13, 1855, and is the daughter of Charles and Chris-
tina (AVortwin) Weidner, the latter of whom died
in that township in the summer of 1887. Of this
union there have been born four children — Rob-
ert G., Clara, IMaude, and Carl, who are all at home
with their parents, and are being given the educa-
tion and training suitable to their station in life.
Mr. Andrews is a progressive man in his ideas, and
believes in education, and all other advantages
which will secure for the young, that which will
make of them worthj' and useful members of so-
ciety. He cast his first Presidential vote for Gar-
field, and maintains his allegiance to the Republican
party.

^^ WEN THOMAS. The subject of this notice
I I' o<-'cupies a leading position .among the prom-
^^^ inent farmers of Guittard Township. His
homestead embraces 240 acres of finely cultivated
land, l.ying on section 35, the residence being on
the northeast corner. It is largely devoted to
stock raising and bears evidence of being under
the supervision of a thorough and skillful agricul-
turist. Mr. Thomas in addition to being a first-
class farmer is a wide-awake business man and in
company with others contemplates in the near fu-
ture the establisliment of a canning factory at
Beattie.

Mr. Thomas is a native of the Buckeye State and
was born in Fayette County, June 18, 1835. He
has spent the greater part of his life in his native
State having come to this county in 1883. He
acquired a practical education in the common

schools and worked with his father on the farm
until reaching his majority. He was then married
Feb. 16, 1859, to Miss Mary J., daughter of Henry
Farrar, a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this
volume. This union resulted in the birth of nine
children, eight of whom are living. The eldest, a
son, Byron, is a resident of Chicago, 111., in the
employ of the Baltimore <fc Ohio Railroad. He
married a Miss McLean, who is now deceased and
to them there was born one child — a daughter,
Fannie. Minnie is the wife of T. F. Jones, of
Omaha, Neb.; Georgia, Nattie, Walter, Farrar,
M.ary and Glen remain at home with their parents.
Mr. Thomas has given his children the advantages
of a good education, believing this to be a legacy
better than money and which cannot be taken from
them.

For two years after their marriage, Mr. and
Mrs. Thomas lived on their farm in Ohio, then
selling out, our subject engaged in the grocery and
grain trade at London, for a period of twenty-four
years and until coming to Kansas. The farm
which he now owns was then a tract of wild land
and which has been brought to its present condi-
tion only by the most persevering industry and
good management. He has erected a handsome
frame residence and the necessary outbuildings; has
a flourishing orchard of apple trees and besides
shrubbery, planted 1,000 black walnut trees in the
shape of a grove. In front of the residence is a
smoothly shaven lawn and the dwelling both within
and without gives evidence of cultivated tastes
and ample means. The refinements of modern life
are plainly discernable in the attractive home,
whose inmates are people of more than ordinary
intelligence and who are sunounded with every-
thing to make existence pleasant and desirable.

While a resident of Ohio, Mr. Thomas w.is con-
nected with the School Board of London and rep-
resented his ward in the town council for six 3'ears.
He was also appointed Sheriff to fill a vacancy. For
a period of ten years he was the City Treasurer,
and filled many other positions of trust and re-
sponsibility. In Guittard Township he has served
as Treasurer and is the Road Supervisor of his
district and Treasurer of the School Board. Po-
litically, he votes with the Democratic party. In

240

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Ohio he identifieil himself with the Masonic fra-
ter'iity, of which he is still a member.

Mr. Thomas is a member in good standing of
the Methodist Episcopal Church. Jeremiah Thomas,
the father of our subject, was born and reared in
Virginia, where he was married to Miss Nancy
Leach. They emigrated to Fayette Countj^ Ohio,
during its pioneer days and opened up a farm in
the wilderness where they reared a family of four
sons and four daughters. About 1855, they re-
moved to within five miles of London, where the
father lived until being called hence. The widowed
mother later took up her residence in London and
died there not long after the decease of her hus-
band.

— ^€^&^—

'jf^'ERDINAND JOHN WALTER. In the
j|=^ midst of the world-i-enowned scenery of
JL, Switzerland, the eyes of our subject first
saw the light Oct. 30, 1849. He is a son of John
and Lizzie Walter. He grew to manhood upon a
farm in his native land and at the age of twent^^-
three with his young wife emigrated to America.
Landing in New York, they remained in Long
Island about twenty months, Mr. AValtor engaging
in different occupations there. He then came to
Adams County, Neb., where he l^ought a farm on
which he lived for nine years. In May, 1883, he
came to this county and bought a farm on section
33, Franklin Township. This farm consists of 160
acres of land wliich is brought to a high state of
cultivation and productiveness, and upon which he
has erected substantial and adequate buildings.
Here Mr. AValter devotes his attention to farming
and stock-raising, in both of which occupations he
is successful.

Previous to his departure from Switzerland, on
March 15, 1872, he was married to Miss Barbara
Duttweiler, a praiseworthy }'Oung ladj', whose
birth had taken place in Switzerland. Nov. 4, 1849.
She is a daughter of Henry and Anna Duttweiler.
She has become tlie mother of three children —
Ernest, Amelia and Roy.

Mr. Walter takes great interest in educational
affairs and his fellow citizens have made use of his

abilit}' by electing him a member of the School
Board, of which he lias been Treasurer tliree years.
He served three years as Township Treasurer pre-
vious to his present position. Though formerl}' a
Democrat he now advocates and supports tlie prin-
ciples of the Union Labor part}'. He is one of the
substantial citizens of the township, and with his
wife commands the respect of all its citizens.

JIOMPSON SMITH. Holding a prominent
position among the fine farms of this
county, is that of the above-named gentle-
man. It consists of 931^ acres, all in a body on
sections 16 and 21, Balderson Township, and is all
under thorough cultivation. On it are 100 bear-
ing apjjle trees, together with various other fruits.
The farm is well supplied with buildings needful
for the carrying on of farming and stock-raising.
There are now two dwellings upon it, and its own-
er purposes to erect another this fall. Tlie dwell-
ing which he occupies is comfortable and well
furnished, though presenting a modest appearance
on the exterior. He is abundantly able, however,
to build a mansion, if his tastes inclined in that di-
rection. Mr. Smitii handles a great deal of stock,
now having 100 head of cattle, iliirteen of horses,
seventy-five of hogs, and fort}' of sheep. He is
also interested in bee culture, and now has five
hives.

The owner of tliis splendid place is of Canadian
birth, having first seen the light Nov. 29, 1836.
"While still in early childhood his parents removed
to Ogle County, 111., where he grew to manhood.
He was reared upon a farm, and until the age of
twenty-three assisted in the cultivation of the home
acres. He had received a common-school educa-
tion, miking good use of the opportunities afforded
him. On Jun. 3, 1860, he took to himself a wife
in the person of Rebecca Rowe, who resided
with her parents in Ogle County. She is a lady of
fine education and manners, one of those noble
characters well fitted to make a happy home. The
young people continued for a few years their resi-
dence in the county, where their marriage took

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

241

place, and then removed to DeKalb County, where
they remained for eight years. In 1875 the\'
went to Cedar County, Iowa, wliere they passed
live years. At the expiration of this time they
emigrated to Kansas, where they have since re-
mained.

Tlie parents of our subject were Thomas and
Jane (Thompson) Smith, both natives of Yorkshire,
England. Their marriage took place in Canada.
The fatlior had taken part in the Canadian Re-
hellion. In 1846 they emigrated to Ogle County.
111., where the father died Jan. 25, 1882. The
niotiier still lives on the old homestead at Creston,
at the age of seventy-six. The parental family
consisted of seven children, of whom our subject
was the third. Six of the family are still living.

Mrs. Smith is the daughter of John and Jane
(Hancock) Rowe, natives of Devonshire. England.
The family came to America in 1853. After so-
journing a year at Buffalo, N. Y., they came to
Illinois, where they still live. The family consisted
of five children, three of whom are now living.
Mrs. Smith was the fourth in order of birth, her
natal day being Nov. 7, 1838, and her birthplace
Devonshire, England. She has borne six children :
Ezra T., married to Ella Phinney. lives on the
northeast quarter of section 16, and is the parent
of one child — Blanch; William E. married Effle
M. Delair, and resides with his parents; Ella J.,
wife of Clarence D. White, lives nine miles south-
east of Oketo, and is the mother of two ciiildren —
Lavinia and Harlc}'; Walter J., Minnie R., and
Nellie M., still remain under the parental roof. All
the children are well educated and accomplished.
Minnie is fitted for teaching, and she and her sister
Nellie are fine performers upon the organ, as is the
wife of their brother William. Eour are members
of the Methodist Episcop,il Church, and active in
Sunda3'-school work. William and Minnie have
each been Secretary for several terms, and Minnie
is now a teacher in the school. Mr. Smith has
"taken great interest in theeducation of his children,
and is justly proud of their ability, and the use to
which their talents are put.

During our subject's resid'ince in Illinois, he was
for a long time Assistant Postmaster at Creston,
Ogle County, also Assessor one year in that county,

and served three terms as Township Commissioner
in DeKalb County. Since coming to Kansas he
has held the office of Townshij) Treasurer. He is
Director of the School Board, of which body he
has been a member many years. He was a mem-
ber of the Masonic fraternity, both Blue Lodge
and Chapter, in Illinois, and also identified with
the I. 0. 0. F. in the same State. lie takes a very
active part in political movements of his section,
lias for mauj^ j'ears been a member of the County
Central Committee, and frequently a delegate to
political conventions of various grades. His first
vote was cast for Abraham Lincoln, and from that
day he has remained in the ranks of the Republican
party. He is a man possessed of sterling traits of
character, a good citizen and a kind neighbor, a
fond husband and father, and an honorable busi-
ness man. The entire family occupy a high posi-
tion in the respect and esteem of the citizens of
that section.

f; OHN S. BLAKEWAY. The farming inter-
ests of Richland Township are worthily rep-
resented by the subject of this sketch, who
is a man prominent in his community, and
the owner of the northwest quarter of section 3.
He makes a specialty of grain raising, and conducts
his operations with that good judgment and indus-
try which are usually accompanied by success.

The first twentj'-five years of the life of our sub-
ject were spent in Worcestershire, England, where
he was born in June, 1829. Upon emigrating to
America, he established himself upon a farm near
Freeport, 111., where he sojourned until crossing
the Mississippi. In the Prairie State he was mar-
ried, Jan. 16, 1862, to Miss Sarah Jane Rea. Of
this union there were born five children, all of
whom are living, namely: John, Edith, Minnie,
Charles, and Herbert. In 1872, Mr. Blakeway
leaving Illinois, came to this county, and purchased"
the tract of wild land, from which he constructed
his present comfortable and valuable homestead.
There were then upon it no improvements what
ever, and for years, in addition to the cultivation

242

POtlTRAiT AND BIOGRAPHICAL AtfitTM.

of the ground, he was busily employed in building
fences, setting out trees, erecting the various struc-
tures necessary for bis comfort and convenience,
and gatheriug together the necessary farm machin-
ery. There is now presented the picture of a well-
regulated homestead, which yields to the proprietor
handsome returns for his labors, and from which
he has fortified himself against want in his declin-
ing years. Mr. Blakeway has been a Director in
his school district for a period of nine years, being
elected in the fall of 1889 for the tenth term. He
votes the straight Republican ticket, and is an
active member of the Grange. He reads his' weekly
newspapers and other instructive literature, and
thus keeps himself posted upon matters of general
interest.

Mrs. Sarah Jane fRea) Blakeway, was born in
Northumberland County, Pa., Aug. 22, 1834, and
istlie daughter of Samuel and Rachael (Stout) Rea,
who emigrated to the vicinity of Freeport, 111., at
an early date. Mrs. Blakeway there spent her child-
hood and 3'outh, remaining under the parental roof
until her marriage. She is on both sides of the
house of Scotch descent. The mother died in Illi-
nois about 1846. Subsequently the father sought
tlie Pacific Slope, and spent his last days in Cali-
fornia. John Blakewaj' was married to Miss Sadie
Beckett, of Richland Township, and they live in
Washington ; Edith is the wife of Lewis Hutchin-
son, of Libertv, Neb.; they have one child, a
daughter, Lura.

=^ DDISON R. BARBOUR. It is a strange
(. @Vu [' fact that comparatively few men take any
'1\ active interest in educational affairs. They
cast Iheir vote for school officers, and if
their interest goes beyond this, it is at most shown
in the building of a good school-house, one which
they can point out to a stranger with some degree
of pride. The}' leave to the School Board the hir-
ing of the teacher, taking it for granted that those
officers will select a capable one. A few mfln there
are whose interest extends beyond this — who con-
sider it tlieir duty, as well as pleasure, to learn

something of the internal workings of the school
system; giving the teachers their cordial support
and sympath}' in their efforts to develop the youth-
ful minds in their care. Among the latter class is
the subject of this sketch, who, though a farmer,
yet finds time to manifest his interest in the educa-
tional affairs of his township. It could scarcely be
otherwise, descending as he did from natives of
those sections of our country where school-houses
were among the first buildings erected in a new set-
tlement.

His father, Charles W. Barbour, was a native of
New England. His mother, whose maiden name was
Helen Woodcock, was a native of Massachusetts.
They were married in the latter State, and removed
to New York Cit}-, where Mr. Barbour engaged in
the mercantile business for nine years. He then
removed to Illinois, engaging in business first at
Rochelle, and later in Ashton, thence removing to
Geneva Lake, Wis., and leaving the latter place for
Chicago, in September, 1880. He is now engaged
in business on Cottage Grove Avenue, in the last
named city. The mother died in Ashton, 111.,
leaving five children, four sons and one daughter.
Our subject is the eldest of the family, having been
born in New York City, March 24, 1855. He was
quite young when his father came to Illinois, where
he remained until the age of twenty-two. At this
age, March, 1878, he came to Marshall County.
Kan., where he first found emplo3'ment on a farm
by the month. He tiien engaged in teaching for
seven j'ears, and then rented land in Oketo Town-
ship, and engaged in farming. In the fall of 1888
he bought 120 acres on section 2, where he now
resides, being also the owner of 160 acres in Ellis
County, this State. Since giving up teaching, IMr.
Barbour has given his attention to farming and
stock-raising, which he is carrying on very suc-
cessfully.

In Oketo Townshij), Oct. 25, 1882, occurred the
marriage of Mr. Barbour to Miss Ella Benson,
daughter of Henry P. and Maria (Travelute) Ben-'
son, who are residents of that township. Mr. and
Mrs. Benson have four sons and four daughters, of
whom Mrs. Barbour is the eldest. She was born in
Cook County, 111., May 25. 1863. Mr. and Mrs.
Barbour are the parents of two children, Gilbert H.,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBTTM.

243

anr] Arthur Richmond. Our subject is a member
of the Union Labor party. His record as a teacher,
as well as his active interest in educational affairs,
indicates that he is a man of intelligence and pub-
lie worth.

-|-t-|-^^#H-+ ■

i!^*HOMAS J. WOLVERTON. A pioneer of
(/^^\ 1869, the suliject of this notice coming to
'^^^y Walnut Township, this count}', in the spring
of that jeai', homesteaded 160 acres of land where
he now lives, and upon which he has effected mod-
ern improvements. We find him the occupant of
a fine, large, frame house, neatly painted and com-
fortably furnished, and adjacent to it, a commodi-
ous frame barn and the other structures required by
the enterprising agriculturist. The greater part of
his land has been brought to a good state of cul-
tivation, including fortj' acres which he subse-
quently purchased. The evidences of thrift and
industry are apparent on every hand, and the Wol-
verton homestead presents the picture of plenty
and content which is delightful to contemplate.

The subject of this sketch was born in Wyandot
County, Ohio, Aug. 7, 1842. and lived there until
a lad of thirteen years. Mis parents, Thomas and
Catherine (Scout) Wolvertou, then removed with
their little family to Iowa County. Mich., and
thence, in 1859, to' Lee County, 111., where the
death of the mother occurred about 1865. The
father of our subject spent his last days with the
latter in this county, departing hence in 1875.
Both parents were natives of Pennsylvania, where
the paternal grandparents, who were of Welsh and
English ancestry, reared their family and spent
their last days. Upon the mother's side, the grand-
parents of our subject were from Germany, and
died in Pennsylvania.

In 1865, while a resident of Illinois, Mr. Wolver-
ton was united in marriage with Ellen M., daugh-
ter of Charles and Nancy (Bassett) Darby, who
were natives of Ohio. They emigrated to Michi-
gan when their daughter, Ellen, was a child of
about eight years, and the mother died there in
1865. Mr. Darby is still living in Michigan, and

has now reached the ripe old age of eighty-four
years. Our subject and his wife began the jour-
ney of life together in Illinois, and his subsequent
movements we have already indicated. They are
the parents of three children, the eldest of whom, a
daughter, Ella, is the wife of Albert Neider, of
Greenleaf, Kan.; Anna became the wife of Charles
Neider, and they live on a farm in Walnut Town-
ship, this county; Verne, remains at home with her
parents.

Mr. Wolverton keeps a goodly assortment of
live-stock, just enough to be sustained comfort-
ably on his farm. In politics, he affiliates with the
Democratic party, and has held the office of Town-
ship Clerk. His estimable wife is a member in
good standing of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
They have a pleasant home, and live In the midst
of plenty, enjoying the esteem and confidence of
their neighbors.

"^[OSEPH TOTTEN. This gentleman enjoys
the distinction of being one of the oldest
settlers of Guittard Township, having come
to this region when there were only five or
six families within the present limits of the town-
ship, lie had a full experience of pioneer life, and
opened up a farm from the wilderness, which he
still owns and occupies. He settled upon it June
3, 1858, and has made all the improvements which
have transformed it from a tract of raw prairie
into a valuable and well-regulated farm. It is
finely located on section 9, and is embellished with
a substantial stone dwelling, which has stood the
storms of twenty years, and remains as firm as
ever. In addition to this there is a substantial
barn and the various other buildings which are
required for the successful prosecution of agri-
culture.

Upon the arrival of Mr. Totten in this region he
found plenty of wild game and Indians. His white
neighbors were few and far between. The out-
look for the first few years was at times very du-
bious, but he was possessed of a sturdy courage and
resolution essential to the demands of the occasion,

244

PORT^Ait AiSTD BlOGRAf HiCAL ALBUM.

and bad prepared himself for every emergency.
He was prospered in his labors, and while proceed-
ing with the railtivation of his land and the construc-
tion of his homestead, became a prominent man in
his community, serving as Township Trustee four
years, and for the last twenty j^ears has been a
member of the School Board in his district (No.
19), which he assisted in organizing. He was also
instrumental in putting up the school buildings in
this and other districts. A stanch Republican,
politicallj-, he is warmly devoted to the interests of
bis party, and has since its organization been a
firm supporter of its principles.

The subject of this sketch was born in Blanford,
Mass., March 22, 1825, but three years later his par-
ents removed to Albany, N. Y.,where tliey sojourned
for a period of eight j-ears. They next emigrated to
New Orleans, La., where they lived one year, and
then set out for the North and located in Rock
Island County. 111. There our subject completed
a practical education in the common school, and
chose farming for his life occupation. When
ready to establish domestic ties he was united in
marriage with Miss Susan Postin, Nov. 17, 1844.
Soon afterward he removed to Minnesota, and in
1858 to this county. For some .years after his settle-
ment here he was obliged to journey to St. Joseph,
for the family provisions and the necessary house-
hold articles. Among the latter were a number of
cats, for which he paid $1 each, to catch the mice
which infested the premises, and all of his produce
had to be transported to the same point. Thus he
labored and managed until his industrj^ met its
legitimate reward,'and he found himself upon solid
grovind financiallj'. It took years of labor and an
outlay of hundreds of dollars to bring his land to
its present condition, and erect upon it the nen-
cessary buildings. We find him now in the midst
of plenty, with a sufBciency for his declining j-ears.
He has watched the development of Marshall
County with a warm interest, and by redeeming a
portion of its soil from its primitive state has con-
tributed his quota toward the upbuilding of iiis
township.

Mrs. Totten was born in Ohio Feb, 6. 1829, and
when quite 3'oung was taken by her parents to
Scott County, Iowa. She attended the common

school, assisted in the household duties, and re-
mained under the parental roof until her marriage.
She is now the mother of twelve children, eight of
whom are living : The eldest, a daughter, Eliza-
beth, is the wife of G. W. Thorn, and the mother
of eleven children; Emeroy is the wife of Peter
Jones, of Guittard Township, and they have five
children; John L. is married and tiie father of four
children ; Florence, Mrs. Sharp, died leaving a
family of seven children; Henry T. is married and
is the father of eight children ; Eliza became the
wife of J. T. Newton, who is now deceased; Frank
H. is married and lives near Axtel; Nora, wife of
R. S. Paulej^, is the mother of two children; Will-
iam J. is married and the father of one child; Cora
is the wife of H. Weaver, of Balderson Township.
Mr and Mrs. Totten rejoice in the possession of
three great-grandchildren.

Henry M. Totten, father of our subject, was
born in Rhode Island in March, 1795. He spent
the most of his early life in his native State, and
when reaching manliood was married to Miss Mi-
riam Carpenter, who was born Jan. 4, 1804. They
came to Iowa at an early date and the father died
in 1864. The mother subsequently' removed to
this county, and died at the home of H. T. Totten
in 1878. at the age of seventy -seven years.

Could Mr. Totten recite in detail the story of
his pioneer life and his experiences on the frontier,
there would be given to posterity an extensive
and readable volume. There was very little hard
cash in circulation, and none of the conveniences
of modern life. The nearest mill was on the
Missouri River, and sometimes they were obliged
to go to Iowa Point. In the summer of 18G3 Mr.
Totten started out to explore the farther West, his
objective point being Denver, Col., to which he
made the journey in seven months. He put up
the first hotel in Marj'sville, and was concerned in
the erection of the first three houses built in Frank-
fort. In the fall of that year he worked 105 days,
receiving therefor $315. He also officiated as
Assessor that year, and was thus enabled to raise
sufficient money to reach his necetsary expenses.
Each year added something to tiie fertility of the
soil and the value of his property, and in due
time tliere was little cause for anxiety as to how

(Vwiu.^.jo^''^

Portrait and litoGRAPHicAL ALfetiM.

5i4?

be should make both ends meet. Those days have
long passed avvaj% and sitting under his own vine
and fig tree, Mr. Totten reviews the past with the
satisfactory feeling that he has done what he could,
and that his years have not been spent in vain.

'i^m-

OWEN R. JONES, farmer and stock-raiser,
resides on section 31, Vermillion Township,
, . where hg operates a farm of 500 acres be-
longing to his father-in-law, Horace L. Sage. The
two gentlemen live in the same house, which is a
large stone building, pleasantly situated a short
distance fiom Barretts Station. Mr. Jones is of
Welsh ancestrj', being the son of Owen and Mar-
garet Jones, of Anglesea, North Wales, where our
subject was born May 20, 1835. His parents had
eleven children — John, Elizabeth, William, Dora-
thea, Jacob, Owen R., Cadwallader, Hugh, Miriam,
David ,andone who died in infancy. John is a far-
mer living in Wales near the old home, is married
■ and has a large family. Elizabeth is the wife of
Owen Jones, who is a farmer and has five children.
William is pursuing agriculture near Lake Crystal,
Blue Earth Co., Minn., is married and has six
cliildren. Dorathea died in Wales when about fif-
teen j'ears old. Jacob is a retired farmer living in
Emporia, Kan., and is married and has three chil-
dren. Cadwallader lives in Wales and has a family
of twelve children. Hugh died in infanc}'. Miriam
was the wife of John Hughes, but was taken from
her earthly, home in Wales at the earlj- age of
twenty-five years. David was a farmer, and died
in AVales in June, 1880, leaving a wife and four
children.

Our subject was reared upon a farm, where he
remained until nineteen years of age. He then
came to America, landing in New York, whence he
went direct to Waukesha County, AVis. He at-
tended school one winter, and afterward worked a
month on a farm. Proceeding to Milwaukee he
apprenticed himself to a carpenter, with whom he
worked six months. Concluding that he preferred
countiy to city life, he departed for Rochester,
Minn., where lie was employed upon a farm for

tuo years. During a brief sojourn in New Orleans,
he enjoyed an insight into Southern life, but was
not induced to make that his permanent home. In
1859 he came to Knox County, 111., and tliere
worked upon a farm, continuing at that occupation
until the breaking out of the Civil War.

In the summer of 1861 Mr. Jones enlisted in
Company C, 42d Illinois Infantry, and immediately
following his enlistment was actively engaged in
various parts of Missouri, looking after Gen. Price.
The command wintered at Tipton, in Moniteau
County, and the following season took part in the
engagements at Columbus, Ky., Island No. 10, and
at New Madrid, when Col. Roberts spiked the stone
battery and so enabled gun boats to proceed down
the river. Our subject ^arrived on the field of
Pittsburg Landing at the close of that memorable
battle. He was at Farmington Miss., with Gen.
Palmer at Ipka, also at Tuscumbia, Ala., Portland,
Decatur, and during the latter part of 1862 at
Nashville. In the latter city he remained about
three months, being subsequently engaged in the
battles of Stone River, TuUahoma, Tenn., Brido-e-
port, Ala., Chickainauga and Mission Ridge. After
the last named battle his company was sent to the
relief of Burnsides at Knoxville. They next went
to Dandridge, Tenn., and then crossed into North
Carolina.

Mr. Jones' term of service having expired, he
re enlisted at Stone Mills, East Tenn., and was
given a thirty daj's veteran furlough. After this
period of rest and recuperation he again entered
actively into the life of a soldier, and took part in
the conflicts at Buzzard's Roost, Rocky Faced
Ridge, Resaca, Calhoun, Kenesaw and Lost Moun-
tains, New Hope Church, Atlanta and Jonesboro,
in Georgia. When the army was divided and
Sherman started for the sea, our subject's command
was sent jjack to Chattanooga. They were at Cc-
lumbia, Tenn., Spring Hill., as well as at the bat-
lies of Frankfort and Nashville, which resulted in
the defeat of Hood by Gen. Thomas. From there
they were sent to East Tennessee, near the home of
Andrew Johnson, and were thence ordered to
Texas, remaining in that State until mustered out.
Mr. Jones was honorably discharged from service
at Springfield, 111., in 1866, after a service of four

248

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

years and five months, and was among the last of
the members of the Union army to be mustered
out. He returned to the quiet pursuits of agricul-
ture, and rented a farm in Illinois until 1869. He
then came to Kansas and settled in this county,
where he continued to reside two years. Remov-
ing to Gage County, Neb., he settled on land which
now forms the site of Wymore. After a residence
there of about eight years he sold out and removed
to his present homestead. Hi; is the owner of 385
acres of land on tlie Blue River, near the mouth of
tlie Yermilliou.

Mr. Jones was married May 20, 1866, to Miss
Amy Sage. He has an interesting family of nine
children, named respectively: Joseph E., Julia,
Archibald, Horace, Owen W., Edith, Ellen, Jacob
and Elma.

Mr. Jones is a member of Henderson Post No.
143. G. A. R., at Frankfort; also of Frankfort
Lodge No.,67, A. F. & A. M. He belongs to the
Republican party, giving to its principles the same
sturdy support which he gave to the Nation in her
time of need. He has been and is at present School
Director, an office which he fills in an acceptable
manner. He has been a very hard-working man,
and well deserves the success that has crowned his
efforts. As a man of kindlj^ nature, upright char-
acter, a competent agriculturist and stockman, and
a reliable citizen, he commands the respect of the
people, who will welcome his portrait, which may
be found elsewhere in this work, as a valuable and
interesting feature thereof.

;?{ _^ ON. J. T. WATKINS. Emerson says "All
jf/]jj history is only biography.'" We find this
'^)^ especialh" exemplified in the community in
'^) which Mr. Watkins resides. Its history is
onl^' the biography of a few men. chief among
whom is our subject. Mayor of Beattie, and also a
large and prominent farmer and stock-raiser.

Our subject now owns 210 acres of fine farming
land adjoining the cit^- on the cast. The ea",t lialf
of the town of Beattie lies on his original half
section, ISIr. Watkins having purchased it cif (he

Government in 1860, while still in Indiana. The
railroad coming througli, the town was platted be-
tween Mr. James Fitzgerald, our subject and the
railroad, which formed the station here. Our sub-
ject gave the alternate lots to the railroad to locate
a depot, and has disposed of the balance, his land
originally running up to the center of sections 21
and 22, on which Center street now runs.

Jeremiah AV^atkins, father of our subject, was
born in New Jersey, and moved to Pennsylvania,
where he married Miss Anna Pugh. They reared
a family of seven children. Removing to Dear-
born County, Ind.. he died on the old farm, in Octo-
ber, 1846. Our subject was horn Feb. 17, 1834 in
Washington Count}-, Pa., where he lived until
seven years of age, and with his parents removed
to Indiana. There he finished his school education
and worked on his father's farm until reaching his
majority, when he took up farming for himself.

Hannah Heustis, daughter of Elias and Sarah
Heustis, was born in Dearborn County, Ind., where
she lived until after her marriage to the subject of
our sketch. Mr. Watkins continued farming in
Indiana until the year 1876. He was also engaged
in tlie sawmill and lumber business and also in the
culture of bees, dealing in lionej- quite extensive!}',
and being well known all over that section of the
country as a successful apiarist, breeding and pro-
pagating Italian bees. In the spring of 1877, he
with his family removed to this State, settling in
the town of Beattie. His farm was simply used for
grazing purposes and he soon set about improving
it. So successful was he in this undertaking that
his farm is now considered one of the finest in Guit-
tard Township. Mr. Watkins engaged in general
stock raising, including fine grades of horses, cattle
and hogs. He has also been interested in village
real-estate, and still owns more or less town lands.

Mr. and Mrs. Watkins have become the [)arents
of five children — Clara Elvira, John E. Anna
Florence. Ada M. and Paul C, all of whom are at
home and enjoying thorough school advantages.

The town of Beattie being incorporated in 1884,
Mr. Watkins was chosen as a memberof its first Coun-
cil, and has held cit}' office continuously since that
time ; he is now serving his second term as Mayor. He
h:is also been a memlier of llie School Board for

J'OtltRAiT AND BlOGbAt^HiCAL ALBuM.

249

the last six years, and is now serving as Clerk in
tliat body. He has never been an office-seeking pol-
itician, but serves his townsmen to the best of his
abilil.y when chosen by them to represent their in-
terests in local affairs.

Until the time of the Civil War, Mr. Watkins
was a member of the Democratic party. At that
time he found reason to change his political views
and turned squarely to Republicanism, where he has
ever since remained. Our subject has been a lead-
ing man in organizing the Baptist Church and
building the edifice of that society. Every matter
pertaining to the building was left to his care and
faithfully has he discharged the duties that de-
volved upon him. He is now a Deacon of the
church and one of its chief supporters. All in
all, Mr. Watkins is a man without whom Beattie
would not be what it now is, in a commercial,
moral or social way.

ON. MILO A. TUCKER. A stirring and
V successful business man and farmer, Mr.
Tucker retired from the active labors of
farm life in 1880, and established himself
as a grocer and proprietor of a meat-market in
Beattie. He sold out this latter enterprise in 1888,
and since that time has been taking life easy amid
the comforts of a pleasant home in the central part
of the city. He is familiarly known to most of the
people of this region as one of its most reliable
men and praiseworthy citizens.

In briefly reviewing the life historj' of Mr.
Tucker, we find he was born in Mercer (Jountj-,
Pa., Sept. 11, 1833. When he was a boy of three
years his parents removed to Ripley Count}', Ind.,
where he developed into manhood, and resided
until 1856, engaged in farming pursuits. That
year, pushing still further Westward, he established
himself in Marshall Countj', Iowa, where he prose-
cuted agriculture until after the outbreak of the
Civil War. In 1862 he enlisted as a Union sol-
dier in Company K, 23d Iowa Infantry, which was
assigned to the Army of the Tennessee, 13th Army
Corps, and operated around Vieksburg and other

important points in the South. During his service
of nearly three years he took part in the battles of
Ft. Gibson, May 1, 1860; Champion Hills, May
16; Black River Bridge, May 17; and was in the
siege of Vieksburg, after which he assisted in
guarding the prisoners during their transportation
from the captured city to Memphis. In the mean-
time, on account of exposure, he had contracted
rheumatism, from which he suffered severely, and
just before the expiration of his term of enlistment
was obliged to accept his honorable discharge on
account of disability. His army record will bear
lair comparison with that of thousands of others,
who took their lives in their hands and went to
fight the battles of their country.

Upon retiring from the army, Mr. Tucker re-
turned to Marshall County, Iowa, where he lived one
year, and then proceeded further westward to Paw-
nee Countj% Neb. There, taking up a tract of wild
land, he proceeded with its improvement and cul-
tivation, and lived upon the farm which he thus
opened until 1872. Then, selling out, he came to
this county, of which he has since been a resident.
In the meantime he was married, Nov. 22, 1855,
to Miss Sarah Small, a native of Indiana and the
daughter of Samuel Small, who was of P^nglish de-
scent, and whose parents were natives of Kent
County, England. He emigrated to Pawnee County,
Neb., and died there in 1868. His widow is still
living, and a resident of Pawnee Cit}'.

To Mr. and Mrs. Tucker there have been born
seven children, and the family circle remains un-
broken by death. The eldest, Martha E., is now
the wife of William Hatton, of Richland Township;
Theron W. occupies himself at railroading, and is
a resident of East Norway; Samuel D. employs
himself as a butchei' in Wallace, Kan.; Thomas C.
is an employe of the Grand Island Railroad, and
lives in Beattie; Sarah E., Lena M. and Milo A.,
remain at home with their parents. Mr. Tucker,
with his wife and five of their children, are mem-
bers in good standing of the Methodist Episcopal
Church. Mr. Tucker, politically, votes the straight
Republican ticket, and gives his unqualified support
to the principles of this party.

David Tucker, the father of our subject, was
l)orn in Pennsylvania in 1805. In Mercer County,

250

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

about 1826, be was married to Miss Eleanor Hazen,
who was born in that count}', March 7, 1807. They
remained residents of the Keystone State until
1836. The father followed farming all his life,
and died in Indiana. The widowed mother tiien
removed to the vicinity of Albion, Marsliall Co.,
Iowa, where she died in 1862. They were the par-
ents of seven children, all of whom lived to mature
years. The youngest SsOn and child, Haden L.,
was the first to be called hence, having died in
the army.

Samuel and Elizabeth (ClarU) Small, the parents
of Mrs. Tucker, emigrated from Kent County,
Ergland, prior to their marriage, and after this
event were residents of Indiana until 18.')6. Then,
removing to Marshall County, Iowa, they lived
there until 1864. Thence they went to Pawnee
County, Neb., and the father improved a farm in
the vicinity of "West Branch, where he sojourned
until his death, which occurred in 1868.

Mr. Tucker has been a prominent man in his
community, representing his ward in the City
Council, and likewise offlciating as Mayor of Beat-
tie. He owns a farm in the vicinity of Frankfort,
and Ins a neat and comfortable home on Center
street, in the central part of the city. A life of
lionesty and uprightness has gained him the esteem
and confidence of his fellow-men, while his indus-
try, economy and good judgment have enalilcd
him to fortify himself against want in his old age.

^ ONATHAN BISHOP. If the amazed old-
world traveler seeks to know the reason of
the wonderful growth of the Far West, es-

!jjf/ pecially of that young giant Kansas, he
must look for it not so much in the character of
the soil or climate, although they are favorable, as
in the disposition of the carl}' settlers. The usual
freedom accorded all classes of people and all legit-
imate enterprises in this noble and progressive
State is due, no doubt to the fact that all, or ne.arly
all the original settlers were native Americans. It
is not here asserted that Americans are a more
liberty loving race -than the people of any other

nation, but they have had a longer experience of
its blessings tlian almost anj' others, and have ex-
perimented more largely with the various theories
of freedom offered for their acceptance by different
classes and conditions of pefiple, and are there-
fore better fitted to put into practical operation
those principles of true freedom which have best
stood the tests of actual practice.

The father of the subject of this sketch was
George Bishop, a native of the State founded by
that sedate old lover of freedom and equal and
exact justice — William Penn. The mother was
Ellen Smith, also a native of the Keystone State.
After marriage, Mr. and Mrs. George Bishop re-
moved from Pennsylvania and settled in Greene
County, Ohio, where they continued to reside the
remainder of their lives. The}' became the parents
of nine children, of whom our subject was the third.

Jonathan Bishop was born in Greene County,
Ohio. May 7, 1838. He grew to manhood on his
father's farm, and remained at home until his mar-
ri.age. Nov. 14, 1861, he took for a life partner
Miss Luciuda Rakestraw, the event being celebrated
in Clarke County, Ohio. Mrs. Bishop is a daugh-
ter of Joseph .and Isabella (Goudy) Rakestraw, na-
tives respectively of New Jersey and Pennsylvania.
Immediately after marriage they journeyed to
Illinois and located in Mason County, where they
made their home for some time, subsequently re-
turning to Clarke County, Ohio, where they lived
until the close of life. Their family comprised
four children, of whom Mrs. Bishop is the eldest.
She was born in Clarke County Oct. 8, 1840, and
remained in the parental care until her marriage.
She received a good education in her youth, which
she has kept constantly polished by extensive read-
ing of standard works, and by social intercourse
and keen observation of the powers and phenomena
of nature, by which she is surrounded.

Mr. and Mrs. Bishop are the parents of nine
children, four of whom are living. They are:
George A. married Miss Blinn; Joseph M., Mary
E. and Albertus R. The deceased are Mary E. who
died when fourteen years old; Flora E. died when
seven; Ocie M. also fell asleep at the interesting
age of seven years; Albert R. crossed his little
hands in the dreamless sleep of innocence when a

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

251

promising babe of fourteen inontlis; one other
little "bud of hope" was plucked by the nngel of
death, and transplanted to the Father's garden of
immortality to bloom in perpetual beauty beside
the crystal River of Life.

The first home of our subject after his marriage
was made in Clarke County, Ohio, where he resided
four years on a farm which he operated. Hoping
to improve his fortunes, he removed to DeKalb
County, Jnd., and resided there until 1878, when
he removed to Marshall County Kan., and settled
in Center Township, on section 28, wliere lie lias
since made his home.

Mr. Bishop enjoys the confidence of the commu-
nity in which he lives, which is attested by the fact
that he was elected to the office of Justice of the
Peace, and re-elected to the same position when his
term had expired in tlie fall of 1888. He takes a
deep interest in all matters pertaining to the politi-
cal welfare of the country, and is active in further-
ing the interests of the party with which he
affiliates in his own district. His abilities in
managing a campaign have been recognized and
his services utilized in placing him in a responsible
position on the townsliip Central Committee.
The educational interests of the township, in which
he takes a pronounced interest, will never suffer so
long as he is kept in his present position as a mem-
ber of the School Board, an office which he has filled
for several years. Any enterprise having for its
object the furthering of the public welfare can
depend upon the help and counsel of Mr. Bishop.
His numerous public and private benefactions have
endeared him to a large circle of friends, and have
won for him a deserved popularity among the
masses.

f|)AN S. WHITE is a son of Judge Robert
White, of Marysville, Marshall Co.. Kan., a
sketch of whom may be seen in another part
of this work. He was born in Carter County, Ky.,
May 5, 1845, where he passed the early years of his
life of his childhood's home surrounded by the lov-
ing care of his- parents, and the devoted ministra-
tions of the sable tenants of his father's estate.

When young Van was thirteen years old, his parents
removed to Miami County, Kan., and he remained
with them in their new home f(jr about five years.
His education was not carried on very systemati-
cally, but the stirring events transpiring in the
State of his adoption, supplied to a great extent,
the lack of a more bookish stock of knowledge.

About the year 1863, our subject went to Colo-
rado, and engaged in the stirring and sometimes
dangerous, but always fascinating occupation of
raining. His success was not remarkable, but his
labors were productive of a fair degree of remun-
eration, and he returned to Kansas with capital
enough to set up in a business, which, if less excit-
ing than the one he had abandoned, promised
surer and more steady returns, and permitted its
followers to enjoy all the comforts and elegancies
of civilized life. The mining experience of Mr.
White extended over a period of about six j-ears,
and upon his return he located in Marshall County,
Kan., in the vicinity of Marysville, where he con-
tinued to reside until 1886, when he purchased 160
acres of land in Center Townshii), on section 13,
and erecting commodious and handsome build-
ings, engaged in the business of general farming
and stock-raising. His strong common sense prompts
him without neglecting any otiier duty, to confine
his attention to a special department of the general
occupation mentioned above, and so thinking, he
has chosen to make a specialty of raising fine horses
and cattle. The success attending his efforts, has
amply justified his wisdom and foresight in so
doing.

Mr. White and Miss Marj' J. Grimes, daughter
of the late James H. and Susan Giimes, deceased in
Marshall County, were united in marriage in Cen-
ter Township, Feb. 22, 1870, and have been blessed
with six children, namely: Silas H., Margaret E.,
Susan M., Van S., Jr., Ann E., and Maud. Mrs.
Mary J. White was born in Virginia, Sept. 16,
1849, and is a fine, handsome lad}', well calculated
to grace a i)alace, but serenely content to fulfill the
more important, if less outwardly lofty duty of
training the children of her household, that they
may worthily fill honorable stations in the future
of this great Nation.

Mr. White is not much of a politician, as he says

252

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

he has no time to attend to the minute details of
party management, but he keeps his eyes open to
taiie careful note of all great questions agitating
the public mind. Being a firm believer in the prin-
ciples of the Democratic party, he supports it with
his freeman's right of suffrage. The deep interest
he has always taken in educational matters, has re-
sulted in placing him in the position of School
Director, which he has held for some time with
great credit.

^l OHN McKEE. The eye of the passing
traveler, weary with the rays of a summer
noonday sun, beholds with pleasure and
longing, the inviting shade furnished by
seemingly innumerable trees, nestling in a valley,
and throwing their branches out in strong relief
against the surrounding landscape, while the foli-
age seems to rest upon the clouds hovering in the
distance, and green and blue are intermingled in
bright yet restful contrast. Coming graduallj-
nearer, soon the landscape enlarges, and an orchard
of perhaps 1,000 trees presents itself to view.
Clusters of ripe, tempting fruit hang suspended,
which appears to have been kissed lovingly and
linferinglj' by the morning light, and to have
caught the glow of the orb of day, reflecting
his blushes over the world. Twenty acres of fine
land are devoted to the culture of fruit, while one-
half acre is devoted to grape culture. Here are
cultivated various kinds of grapes, which hang
pendant from the vines, and purple and sweet, are
beautiful as well as tempting.

He to whom this, one of the finest orchards in
all the State of Kansas, is due, and of whom we
write this biographical notice, is John McKee,
owner and proprietor of section 17, in Center
Township. Ireland is the land of his birth, and the
date thereof Oct. 23, 1828. But no recollections of
the lakelets, moorlands, and heaths of the green
isle of Inisfail, hover around his childhood days,
for when onl^' one jear old he was taken by his
parents to the township of Smith, near Peterborough,

Canada. Under such diverse circumstances from
the beginning of his life, he grew through the joj^s
and sorrows incident to childhood, and became
familiar with the duties devolving upon a farmer.
Xaturallj^ upon reaching manhood he chose that as
his calling, "and engaged in agricultural pursuits
until January, 1871, when he removed further
South, leaving the possessions of the English, and
forever more casting his lot amid the heterogeneous
suiTOundings of a new land. He settled on his
present land, which he had purchased two yeai-s
prior to his removal to Kansas.

Marshall County had by this time become quite
an agricultural center, and was developing from
its primitive wildness, so our subject did not
participate in the first opening up of the land, but
his farm was in appearance totally different from
its present condition. His earnest, unremitting
labor has brought about this change, for he has
erected a commodious, comfortable home, attract-
ive without, and within cosily furnished, exhibit-
ing every wliere the presence of refined tastes. The
entire estate is fenced by hedge, which looks es-
pecially pretty during the summer season, and
is always well trimmed and neatly kept.

Prior to his removal to this county, Mr. McKee
was united in marriage, June 11, 1852, in his old
home in Peterborough, Upper Canada, with Miss
Marj' Finlay, a native of Wicklow, Ireland, and
born March 3, 1835. The Emerald Isle was her
childhood home, but when a maiden of twelve or
tliirteen years she came with her parents to Canada,
and under the parental roof continued to reside
until she went to make a home for her husband.
Quite a number of years after marriage IMr. and
Sirs. McKee came to make their home in the
United States. Tlieir family consisted of five chil-
dren, of whom the eldest is a son, William L., wlio
is at home; Susan, the second born, is the wife of
Allen Reed, and resides in Center Township, Kan.;
Temple and Nina remain to enliven the home, while
Flora is the wife of Theodore Pollock, and lives in
!Marysville.

Notwithstanding his devotion to general farm-
ing. Mr. McKee is interested in cattle raising, and
buys and feeds them in large numbers annu.ally.
He does not work in political circles with any act-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

253

ive partisansliip, but is firmly ''dj'ed in the wool "
of Republican principles, casting his ballot for its
nominees. Religiouslj^ Mr. and Mrs. McKce are
members of the Baptist Church, and are particu-
larly charitable toward those in want, whether the
jieed be one of the soul or body, and are emi-
nently worthy of the proud position they occupy
in the esteem of their neighbors.

ILLIAM C. THOMPSON, who occupies a
i\\/r\/// farm on section 26, Balderson Township,
is a native of Branch Countj', Mich. His
l)irth took place Dee. 15, 1843, and in his native
count}' he grew to manhood. Though quite young
at the breaking out of the Civil War, he entered
into tlie patriotic enthusiasm which swept over the
North, and in August. 1862, enlisted in Company
G, 4th Michigan Cavalry. He took a gallant share
in the regimental work in the terrible contests at
Murfreesboro and Stone River, and through the
Thomas campaign. Receiving his discharge in
September, 1863, he returned to Michigan and be-
gan farming.

In the spring of 1 869 was celebrated the mar-
riage of our subject to Olive Hamilton, a native
of New York State, where she was born July 10,
1847. She is the daughter of James and Bath-
sheba (Ncal) Hamilton, natives of Scotland and
New Jersey, both deceased. Mrs. Thompson was
the youngest of two children, though each of her
parents had been married before. Her father had
been a soldier in the War of 1812. Mrs. Thomp-
son has become the mother of four children, three
of whom are living: Justin H., Bertha May and
Myrtle L.

The father of our subject was William G. Thomp-
son, a farmer and cooper, and a native of Ver-
mont. His mother was Betsey (Reed) Thompson,
a native of Maine. They were wedded in Maine,
and after a few years spent in that State, emigrated
to Canada, where they remained for many years.
In 1840 they went to Michigan, being very early
settlers of the section in which they made their
home. In that State they remained until their

death, the father dying in 1858, and the mother
in 1868. The parental family consisted of twelve
children, our subject being the eleventh. Nine of
the family still survive.

The subject of our sketch came to Kansas in
1870, settling upon the farm where he still resides.
He has eighty acres of land, all under cultivation,
and. in addition to his farming, raises some stock.
He has now seven head of horses and a dozen head
of fat hogs. He is a member of Chase Post No. 101,
G. A. R., at Beattic. He takes an active interest
in politics, and is a straight Republican, who never
fails to cast his vote in beh-alf of the principles
which he advocates. He is at present serving as
Justice of the Peace, discharging the duties of this
office in a credital)le manner. For several 3'ears
he has been a member of the School Board.

HOMAS PETERS. Half a hundred years,
or thereabouts, B. C, Julius Ciesar, then in
the full tide of his glory, carried his vic-
torious arms across the narrow portion of the
sea which separates the island of Britain from
the continent of Europe, and succeeded after sev-
eral ineffectual attempts in, at least partiallj', con-
quering the natives. They were a brave race and
only bided their time to throw off the Roman yoke.
The time at length came, but the emancipated peo-
ple were not destined to long enjoy their land in
peace. The barbarous nations of Northwestern
Europe invaded the fertile lowlands, and despite
the utmost exertions of the rightful owners of the
soil they gradually possessed themselves of all the
level districts, pushing the natives into the mount-
ainous regions where they were at last successful
in staying the onward march of the invading hosts.
The people who thus found refuge in what is now
called Cornwall, in unison with the adjoining dis
trict now known as the principality of Wales, main-
tained their independence and language for many
cent<iries. In course of time, owing to its position
on the border between England an<l Wales, its
people became largely assimilated in manners and
language with the dominant English. Intermar-

254

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

riages became comparatively common, and in-
creased in frequency as the years rolled on, so that
to-day it is probable that the Cornish have more
English than Welsh lilood in their veins. In spite
of what has just been said of their admixture
with the English, they still retain many national
peculiarities, and it is perhaps needless to say are
very proud of their ancestry,

The subject of this sketch, as well as his father,
William, and his mother, Elizabeth. (Blake) Pe-
ters, were born in that celebrated land and cherish
the traditions of their race with loving fidelity.
William Peters and Elizabeth Blake were married
in Cornwall and continued to reside in their native
place until after the birth of their eldest son,
'Ihoraas, Feb. 15. 1824. When the child was about
six years old the parents emigrated to Canada and
remained there during the remainder of their lives.
Their home was in Hope Township, Durham
County, where the father died in 1860. They were
the parents of eight children, Thomas, as before
stated, being the eldest. When the gentleman wiiose
name heads this sketch was twenty-seven years old
he left his father's house and opened a farm in
Durham County, which he operated twenty years.
He left Ontario in the fall of 1871 and located on
section 32, Center Township, Marshall Co., Kan.,
where he purchased 160 acres of fertile land, and
set to work to bring it under cultivation. During
the time that has elapsed since lie became a resident
of the State of Kansas, he has diligently striven
to improve his farm to the utmost, and has the
satisfaction of knowing that the labor has not been
bestowed in vain. He is now the owner of a com-
fortable and pleasant home, where he maj' reasona-
bly hope to spend the remainder of his life in peace
and contentment. Although his various buildings
are not so handsome as some that his neighbors
have erected, yet they answer his purpose very well
and therefore cause him no needless anxiety.

March 7, 1850, Mr. Peters and Miss Mary Anne
Bedford were united in marriage at the home of
the bride's parents in Hope, Durham County, On-
tario. The birth of Mrs. Peters occurred Feb. 7,
1828, in the same village in which she was subse-
quently married. This union lias resulted in the
addition of eight children to the family of Mr. and

Mrs. Peters, namely: Franklin R. ; Charlotte, John
E., Mar^' E., Anna B.. Alfred B., Ellen .J. and Fan-
nie O. Franklin resides at home and is a great
comfort and support to his parents, who are now
in the decline of life; Charlotte is the wife of Will-
lam Little; John is a resident of Kalamazoo, Mich. ;
Mar}' is the wife of Charles Baker, of Brown
County, Kan.; Anna is the wife of the Rev. Rich-
ard Flnley, also of Brown County, Kan.; Ellen is
the wife of Franklin Hunt, of Blue Rapids Town-
ship, this county; Fannie is the wife of John Hunt,
and also resides in Blue Rapids Township.

Mr. Peters and his family are entitled to and re-
ceive the respect and esteem of their neighbors for
their many good qualities. The integrity of Mr.
Peters has never been questioned, as following the
traditions of his race, he regards his word as
others do their oath. This conscientious regard
for the principles of right and justice, while it
may not have made him a millionaire, has pro-
cured for him the implicit confidence of all with
whom business or social duties have brought him in
contact, and is a better heritage to bequeath to his
children than all the golden wealth of the Astors
or Yanderbilts. Our subject and his wife are both
active and devoted members of the Methodist
Episcopal Church. In political affairs, Mr. Peters
is in active sympathy- with the Republican party.

;ILLIAM H. KOENEKE, one of the most
prominent men of the village of Herkimer,
is an extensive grain dealer, and has an
elevator which is a credit to the town, and brings
to it a large amount of business. He is a public-
spirited citizen, taking a genuine interest in what-
ever pertains to the welfare of the communitj'. and
giving substantial encouragement to the projects
calculated for its advancement.

Our subject was born in Cook County. III., July
15, 1852, and in 1860, when a boy of eight years old,
accompanied his parents, Thomas and Maiy (Schatta)
Koeneke, to this county. They located on a tract
of wild land in Logan Township, where the father
instituted a good houKstead and where the parents

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

255

still live. Thomas Koeneke was a native of Hol-
stein, German}', where he was reared and he married
a maiden who was horn in Hanover. Both were of
pure German stock, and emigrated to America
prior to their marriage, which took plate at Blue
Island, Cook Co., 111. They had been trained
from childhood in the doctrines of the Lutheran
Church, to which the}' still loyally adhere.

Growing up amid the pioneer scenes of life
on the frontier, our subject became strong and
well developed, and at an early age was taught to
make himself useful on the new farm. Wild ani-
mals were plentiful at the time his parents settled
liere, also the Otoe Indians, who were their near
neighbors, but peaceable and friendly. His school
advantages were quite limited, but by his own
efforts he acquired sufficient education to prosecute
business successfully. Upon approaching manhood
he left the farm and engaged in the lumber busi-
ness with his brother-in-law, AVilliam Wieters, con-
tinuing with him until 1887, when he purchased
the entire business and is now conducting it alone.
He began operating in grain some years ago. and
later also purchased the interest of Mv. Wieters in
this branch of trade.

In the fall of 1888 Mr. Koeneke put up a large
elevator, and in addition to his lumber trade in
this place, is also carrying on a similar business at
Bremen, in this county. He^likewise has a farm of
ninety acres adjacent to the town limits, and a fine
dwelling is now (August, 1889) in process of erec-
tion. He also has two other farms of 160 acres
each in other parts of the county, both of which
are under a good state of cultivation, and improved
with the necessary buildings. Mr. Koeneke has
made the most of his money in his farming prop-
erty, and is now unquestionably well-to-do.

The marriage of our subject with Miss Julia,
daughter of Frederick and Catherine Broekmyer,
was celebrated at the bride's home in May, 1878.
Mrs. Koeneke was born in Kansas, of German par-
ents, her father having emigrated from Hanover
some years since. Her mother was a native of
Mecklenburg, and they now live near Hanover in
Washington County. Mr. and Mrs. Koeneke are
the parents of four children, viz.: Sophia, Ernest,
Mary and Julia. Both parents and children are

members of the Lutheran Church, in which our
subject and his wife were carefully reared by their
respective parents. Mr. Koeneke has been quite
prominent in local affairs, and served as Treasurer
of Marysville Township, when Herkimer was a part
of that township. He is widely and favorably
known throughout this section as one of its most
useful and wide-awake men.

^^^-^y.-^sarmn-

|l_^UBBARD C. SMITH, a pioneer, of 18.i8,
ill jV came to this State in the above-mentioned
'£y^' year, and to Marshall County in 1866. He

ij^ established himself as a farmer in the
wilds of Guittard Township, and is now numbered
among the prominent business men of the city of
Beattie. He is engaged as a general merchant,
and is the owner of a fine body of improved land,
embracing 320 acres on sections 28 and 29, which
is operated by a renter and largely devoted to fine
stock. Mr. Smith is thus in the enjoyment of a
handsome income, and is looked upon as one of the
leading men of this community.

Mr. Smith was born in Gardner, Me., July 21,
1 834, but when a child of two years his parents
removed to Ohio, where his father died while still
a young man, in 1842. The mother then returned
with her children to the Pine Tree State, where
Hubbard C, our subject, lived until a youth of
eighteen years. Then leaving New England he
emigrated to Ohio, and completed his education in
Baldwin University, after an attendance of two
years. At the expiration of this time he, in the
spring of 1858, made his way to Kansas, sojourn-
ing for a time at Wyandotte and St. Joseph. In the
meantime he employed himself in teaching school,
until the fall of that year.

Young Smith rfow set out across the plains with
a wagon train to New Mexico, where a compar.i-
tively brief sojourn satisfied him and he returned
to Wyandotte. In 1859, still infected with the
spirit of adventure, he started for Pike's Peak with
a wagon, to which was attached a yoke of cows and
a yoke of bulls. Some of his men. however, fail-

256

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

ing hira, he turned back before reaching his desti-
nation and began cutting and selling hay in Kan-
sas City, at a time when there only a few houses
on the >lnff, and a cornfield between it and tlie
bluff. That year also Mr. Smith repaired to Roch-
ester, and took up his abode with Dr. Sheldon, the
first physician in this region. Later we find hira
in Centralia, Xemaha County, stopping with the
Galesburg Colony. Later he rode from Centralia
to Galesburg, 111., camping out at night and being
two weeks on the road. Thence he repaired to his
native State, via Cleveland, Ohio, and spent the
winter. In the spring lie started to return, repair-
ing to Boston to take a steamer, when the news
came of the firing upon Ft. Sumter. The next
morning our subject enlisted as a Union soldier in
Comp.any C, 3d Maine Infantry, for three months'
service. He did this from pure patriotism, as he
had been proffered a good position in Ohio. His
regiment was sent to Alexandria, arriving there
soon after the shooting of Col. Elsworth — an epi-
sode which will be remembered as one of the most
thrilling events of the war.

The 3d Maine Infantry was one of the first regi-
ments at the battles of Bull Run and Arlington
Heights, and after the battle of Alexandria it was
re-organized and assigned to the command of Gen.
McClellan. They were ordered to Fortress Mon-
roe, and spent some time in the swamps of York-
town. Later Mr. Smith was assigned to picket
duty, and frequently slept in '"AYashington's pew."
He still preserves a piece of wood from this pew in
the church, wliich he sent to the maiden, wlio after-
ward became his wife, ))ut who was then merely a
girl. Their next point was Fair Oaks, where they
pitched their tents and made excellent beds of
evergreen branches. In the meantime Mr. Smith
had been promoted to Orderly Sergeant. Night
after night the troops dozed on their arms, as it
were, being drawn up in line of battle, and one
night Mr. Smith obtained sleep on a bed made of
three rails tlirown over a ditch half filled with
water. This was his last night in the ranks. The
next day at 9 A. M. they were early drawn up in
line of battle, their breakfast being brougiit to
them, lest the enemy should surprise them un-
prepared. In the engagement which followed

many of the rebel troops were taken prisoners, and
Mr. Smith received a rebel bulletin his lung, which
lie still carries. He was sent to the hospital at
Fortress Monroe, being carried six miles by men
on a stretcher. He was well cared for, and regards
his sojourn at that fortress as one of the most
pleasant episodes in his life. Two weeks later he
was sent to Albany, and being the first wounded
soldier to arrive tjiere, was warmly received, and
remained there until being given a furlough. He
then returned to his native State, and was given an
honorable discharge in November, 1862.

Our subject remained in his native State the fol-
lowing winter, and would willingly have re-en-
tered the service had he felt able to do so. He
was finally drafted and attempted to do duty, but
after six months he was sent to the convalesent
camps at Arlington Heights, where he spent the
winter, and was a second time discharged in the
spring of 1864. He then returned to the West and
purchased a farm near Ceuti'alia, Nemaha Co.,
Kan., where he made the usual improvements and
remained until 1866. That year he sold out and
located as a homesteader on the farm whicii he now
owns. He battled with grasshoppers and other
disadvantages until 1873. That j'ear on account
of ill-health, he abandoned farm life, and com-
menced his experience as a general merchant.
Aside from his residence in Beattie, he owns other
valuable cit^' propert}- and is generally well-to-do.

For the last twenty' years Mr. Smith has been
most of the time a member of the School Board,
and has represented his ward in the Cit}' Council.
He was appointed Postmaster by President Ha3-es,
and held the office from 1878 until 1885, a period
of seven years and seven daj'S, and upon settling
with the department there was found to be $13 to
his credit.

The marriage of our subject with Miss Vina
Hamilton occurred at Old Centralia, Nemaha
County, Oct. 8, 1865. Mrs. Smith was born in
Malioning County, Ohio. April 18, 1844, and is the
daughter of Hugh Hamilton, a pioneer settler of
Nemaha County who came to Centralia as earl>' as
1858. Of this union there have been born five
children, onlj' three of whom are living — Frank L.,
Ray F. and Harry C. Mrs. Rachael (McCune)

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

257

Hamilton, the mother of Mrs. Smith, spent her
last days near the latter, dying at the farm in 1883.
The father is still living and a resident of this
State.

John Smith, the father of our subject, was, like
his son, a native of Maine, and in early manhood
married Miss Martha Wakefield, of Gardner. TJiere
were born to them five children, four of whom
lived to mature years. The- mother, after the
death of her husband, came to Kansas, and spent
her last days with her son, our subject, dying in
November, 1868. Besides their own children Mr.
and Mrs. Smith have an adopted daughter, Marian,
who is now ten j'ears of age.

-~^A,-^*^J^c®^5@* }

»^f®OTr?t»--i

'if, OHN G. BROWN. Were all the men of
Elm Creek Township as enterprising as Mr_
Brown there would not be a neglected farm
within its limits or anj' tumble-down build-
ings and poorly-fed stock. Without making any
pretensions to elegance, he has a well-regulated
home and believes in extracting all the comfort
from life that is possible. He is a skilled farmer
and has had a large experience as a dealer in live
stock. His possessions embrace 170 acres of choice
land, finely located on section 26. During his
younger years he studied for a veterinary surgeon
and has attained quite a reputation as a practitioner,
being very successful. He keeps quite a large
number of horses and cattle and takes a pardonable
pride in the results of his labors, both as a farmer
and the success of his operations in live stock.

Our subject was born in Cook County, 111., May
18, 1848, and is the son of John and Catherine
(Landgraff) Brown, who were both natives of Ger-
man^'. The parents upon emigrating to America
settled in the above-nanied county, where they
spent the remainder of their lives. Their family
included nine children of whom John G. was the
second born. His father died when he was but
three years old and he was doubly orphaned by
the death of his mother ten years later and then, a
lad of thirteen, was thrown upon his own resources
and commenced the battle of life for himself. I'jy

the advice of friends he went to Blue Island and
entered the employ of a drayman with whom lie
remained two years. We next find him in the
now great city of Chicago, studying veterinary art
under the instruction of his uncle, John Landgraff,
with whom he remained three years.

Finally, our subject leaving the city rented a
large farm of 490 acres west of it, which he operated
three years. Then setting out for the farther
West, he came to this county and locating on a
farm in Marysville Township, raised one season's
crops. He then returned to Chicago which had
been devastated by the big fire, and eng.aged in the
practice of veterinary surgery, while he put in his
spare time in gardening at which he was employed
ten or twelve months. In 1877 he returned to this
county and purchased two farms in Herkimer
Township west of Marysville, where he lived about
seven years. Then selling out he purchased a
farm south, in Elm Creek and lying on section 4.
In due time he sold this also and purchased one-
half of section 35 in Marysville Township, and a
part of section 4 in Elm Creek Township. He sold
this property three years later and purchased that
which he now owns.

To Mr. and Mrs. Brown there have been born
nine children, viz.: Eva, William, George, Katie,
Minnie, Emma, Mary, John and Frederick. Mr.
Brown, politically, gives his support to the Demo-
cratic party and his excellent wife is a member in
good standing of the Baptist Church. Mr. Brown
has carefully examined the questions relating to
capital and labor, and some time since identified
himself with the A. 0. U. W. He is also a mem-
ber of the K. of H. and the German Odd Fellows.

-«»•+«- ^-SjJl^jjf^-HH- ft-

NDREW BIGHAM. On section 22 in
Marysville Township, lies the homestead
of the subject of this sketch, a worthy
monument to his industry and persever-
ance. A man perhaps who has not been the hero
of any thrilling event, he has yet made footprints
on the sands of time, which will be discernable long
after he has departed hence, by the influence which

258

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM

he has exerted and the example of diligence and
frugalitj' by which communities have been built
up and the fabric of societj' given a solid and
steadfast existence. Upon the character of its
early settlers largely depends the status of a com-
munity and Mr. Bigham has inateriall}- assisted in
developing the best resources of his adopted
county and given his encouragement to the pro-
jects calculated for the best good of her people.

A native of the city of Toronto, Canada, our
subject was born Feb. 7, 1837, and lived there
until a youth of seventeen years. Then striking
out for himself, he came over into the States and
settled in DeKalb County, 111., whence he removed
later to Ogle County. In the meantime he had
learned the trade of a mason, which he followed in
connection with farming until 1 887. Since that time
he has occupied himself with agricultural pursuits
including dairying. In Sept. 1877, leaving the
Prairie State he came to Kansas and located in
Oketo Township, this county. Next he rented a
farm in Marysville Township, and in the fall of
1879. liomesteaded eighty acres on section 22,
which comprises his present farm. Here he has
effected good improvements, bringing the land to
a productive condition and erecting the necessary
liuildings. His milk product finds a ready sale in
Marysville and vicinity and yields him sufficient
returns for his labor.

Mr. Bigham was married in Brant County, Can-
ada, Nov. 6, 1859, to Miss Eliza Mathews, who was
born there April 12. 1839. To them have been born
nine children, namely : Emerilla.J,,MartliaM., Addie
A.. Minnie M., Maggie M., Joseph T., George E.,
Golden F. and Samuel W. Martha M. married William
Colgrove; Emerilla J. married "William Inglesby;
Addie A. married William Reefover; Minnie M.
married Joseph Ford. Joseph died when two and
one-half years old. The other four children re-
main under the parental roof. Mr. Bigham, po-
litically, is a sound Republican, while he and his
estimable wife are members in good standing of
the Baptist Church. In this our subject has offi-
ciated as Deacon for the past two years. He is in
favor of the establishment and maintenance of
schools, and all other enterprises tending to effect
the moral and social welfare of the community.

Under his hospitable roof have been gathered from
time to time, some of the best residents of the
count}-, among whom he numbers his friends and
of whose respect he is amply deserving.

The father of our subject was Thomas Bigham,
likewise a native of Toronto, Canada, and who
married Miss Jane Davidson, who was born in
Ireland. They lived in the Dominion for a number
of years afterward, then removed to DeKalb Countj-,
111., and later to Ogle County, that State. Their
next removal was to this county, where they lived
until the fall of 1888, then went into Idaho, where
they now reside. The seven children born to
them lived to mature j-ears, among the elder of
whom was the subject of this sketch.

\rOHN A. WILLIAMS. Wealth may bring
I power and influence, but it fails to inspire
genuine affection and respect. Virtue and
goodness are sure to meet with their reward,
and this sentiment 's forcibh' illustrated in the
lives of Mr. Williams and his estimable wife, who,
qniet. unobtrusive people as they are, and blest
with a moderate supply of this world's goods,
command the highest respect of the people of their
community. Thev have reared a fine family of
sons, and it is seldom the lot of the biographer to
meet a more pleasant household or a home more
attractive in genuine comfort and content. Mr_
Williams is a farmer by occupation, and owns 160
acres of land on section 18 in Walnut Township.

The early home of our subject was on the other
side of the Atlantic, he having been born near the
citv of London, England, in Middlesex County,
March 8, 1849. He lived there until a young man
of twentj' years, and then emigrated, in company
with his parents, John and Mary A. (Painter) Will-
iams, to the United States, in May, 1869. The
voyao;e was made on a steamship, the '-Citj' of
New York," sailing from Liverpool to New York
in seventeen days. Thence the family came di-
rectly to Waterville. this county, and the father
of our subject homesteaded 160 .acres of land, from
which he improved the farm now owned and occu-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

25d

pied by John A. Three j'ears later the father pur-
chased a farm in Washington County, this State,
to which the parents removed, and vvliere they still
live. Their early home across the Atlantic was in
the village of Norwood Green, ten miles west of
London, in which city they were born, reared and
married. Afterward they kept a restaurant for
many years. Both were members of the Church
of England.

The subject of this sketch soon became familiar
wilh the best methods of farming in America, and
and in due time took unto himself a wife and help-
mate, being married in this county to Miss Lucy
Braughten. Of this union there were born two
children — Walter B. and Sylvia L. Mrs. Lucy
(Braughten) Williams departed this life at- the
homestead, April 24, 1878.

Our subject contracted a second marriage with
Miss Irene, daugiiter of .John A. and Mar}' (Clev-
enger) Thompson, who was born in Madison
County, Iowa. The parents of this lady were na-
tives of Virginia, but removed to Ohio with their
respective families, and in that State were married.
They came to Kansas about 1868, sojourning here
two and one-half years, then returned to Iowa, and
lived there until 1878. That year they came back
to Kansas, and are now living near Manhattan. Of
this marriage of our subject there have been born
five children, viz: Guy B., .James O., Arthur L.,
.Tohn R. and Ernest A. His first wife was a Presby-
terian in religious belief. Our subject and his
present wife are members of the Friends' Church.
Mr. Williams, politically', is identified with the Re-
publican party. \\'ith the exception of serving as
Constable one term in Walnut Township, he has
declined the responsibilities of office.

'\f]AMES SHORES. Nature has done much
for this gentleman in bestowing upon him
a mind of more than ordinary intelligence,
and a keen perception of the obligations
which man owes to his fellowman. He is a pleas-
ant and outspoken citizen, one whose opinions are
generally respected in his communit}', and he has

made for himself a good record, especially during
the late Civil War. when, as a resident of North
Carolina, he stood up bravely for the L'nion cause.
He is well-known to the citizens of Baldcrson
Township, and is at present occupying the office of
Road Overseer in his district. His well-regulated
homestead is located on section 4.

In noting the antecedents of our subject, we find
that his father was David Shores, a native of North
Carolina, engaged both in farming and mercantile
pursuits. The maiden name of the mother, was
Rachel Clanten, who was reared not far from the
early home of her husband in North Carolina,
where they were married, and spent their entire
lives. David Shores departed hence in 187.5, and
his wife three years later, in 1878. There had been
born to them thirteen children, six of whom are
still living.

The subject of this sketch was the fifth child of
his parents, and was born in North Carolina, Sept.
25,1836. His advantages for an education were
extremely limited, and he was made acquainted at
an early age, with the duties and responsibilities of
life. He started out for himself when a youth of
nineteen years, employing himself at whatever he
could find to do, and very soon thereafter was mar-
ried, in Decciuber 1855, to Miss Sarah, daughter of
the late Thaddeus and Eliza Maynard, natives of
North Carolina, and the parents of two children,
of whom Mrs. Shores was the younger. The 3'oung
people settled in their native township, and re-
mained residents of North Carolina until October,
1869. Then removing across the Mississippi, they
established themselves in Andrew County, Mo.,
where they sojourned until 1883. That 3ear they
came to Northern Kansas, and settled at the home-
stead, where they now live. This compiises 160
acres of land on the Otoe Indian reservation, all of
which is under a good state of cultivation. Mr.
Shores put up a frame house, together with a barn
and other outbuildings, and has a large orchard of
ajjple trees, besides shade and ornamental trees.
He usuall}' keeps about ten head of cattle, six head
of horses, and fifteen head of swine.

Of the first marriage of our subject, there were
born eleven children, nine of whom are living,
namely: Sarah D.. "SI. Elizal)etii, .1. Rush. Will-

'^60

t^OMRAlT AND BIOGRAPHICAL AtBtlM.

iam A., Lucy, Charles, Benjamin, Archie, and May.
The mother of these children departed this life in
1882. Our subject, in December, 1886, contracted
a second matrimonial alliance with Mrs. Lyda
(Sturgeon) McManamy, of Kentucky. Of this
union there are no children. Mrs. Shores is a mem-
ber in good standing of the Baptist Church, while
our subject finds his religious home with the Meth-
odist Episcopal Church, in which he has ofHciated
as Steward, and is a leading member. He is held
in high esteem by all who know him, and is dis-
charging the duties of his office in a manner credit-
able to himself, and satisfactory to all concerned.
He has had considerable experience as overseer,
having held that position while a resident of Mis-
souri. He takes an active interest in politics, and
uniformly votes the straight Republican ticket,
fighting for the interest of this party, as faithfully
as during the old secession days.

ORGAN HEDGE, junior member of the
firm of Brainard & Hedge, lumber and
grain dealers, Oketo, stands well in regard
to ability and reputation in the commercial
circles of Marshall County, and he and his partner
are conducting a growing and prosperous busi-
ness. He claims Indiana as the place of his nativ-
ity, he having been born in Blackford County,
that State, Oct. 1, 1845. His parents, Abner and
Charlotte (Casterline) Hedge, natives respectively
of Pennsylvania and New York, settled in that
county after their marriage, and made their home
there until February, 1877, when they came to
Kansas and located in Marshall County, on the
Vermillion River, seven miles northwest of Frank-
fort, and there the father's useful career was cut
short by death. The good mother is still spartd
to bless her children with her presence.

Our subject is the fourth in order of birth
of the family of nine children born to his worthy
parents, and by them was reared to a useful and
honorable life, passing his early years on a farm.
In the year 1877 he left the place of his birth and
accompanied his father to tiiis State, and from that

time was actively engaged in farming on the Ver-
million River, till the fall of 1886, when he re-
moved on to his own farm in Oketo Township. In
1888 he abandoned agricultural pursuits, and
coming to Oketo, entered into business with his
present partner, under the firm name of Brainard
& Hedge. In his business transactions he has
shown a cool head and clear judgment, and he and
Mr. Brainard already command an extensive trade
in lumber and grain, and their credit stands high
in financial circles. It will thus be seen that they
are an influence for good in promoting the mate-
rial prosperity of the village of Oketo, and are in-
strumental in its upbuilding to a considerable
extent.

The marriage of Mr. Hedge to Miss Clara Brain-
ard took place in this county after his settlement
here, and in their pleasant home one child, Earl
M., has been born to them. Mrs. Hedge was born
in Lewis County, N. Y., and is a daughter of M.
C. Brainard, whose sketch appears on another
page of this work.

Mr. Hedge is a man of exemplary habits, and,
with his wife, occupies a high position in social
circles, they being held in general esteem for their
many pleasant, genial qualities. Our subject has
a mind and opinions of his own, as is shown by his
political affiliations, he being an ardent advocate
of the Democratic party.

TEPIIEN SHELDON is one of the firm of
Jones & Sheldon, liverymen and horse
dealers. Oak street, Beattie. If it is a
pleasure to recount the success of any hon-
orable business man, how much more pleasurable
is it to outline a sketch of one, who, by his ability,
energy and economy, has made for himself a place
among the prominent business men of this little
city. Such a man have we in the subject of our
present sketch, who, starting in life with but a
small amount of this worli's goods, has by his own
exertions gained his present enviable position.

Mr. Sheldon was born in Geauga County', Ohio,
Nov. 27, 18,51. When about fourteen j-ears old,

PORTRAIT AND lilOGRAPHtCAL ALBUM.

261

his parents removed to Eaton County, Mich., eight
miles northwest of Lansing. Here lie lived on a
farm until eighteen years of age, gaining a good,
practical education. He then began spending his
winters in the lumber woods, working upon a farm
in the summer, and saving his earnings until he was
about twent3'-seven years old, when he came West,
stopping near Jefferson City, Mo. In February,
1878, he came to Beattie, then but a small railroad
station, and went with his brother Julius Sheldon,
into the lumber business, carrying on the only
business of the kind located here at that time.
Our subject remained in this business some three
or four j'ears doing well. Then selling out, he en-
gaged in farming until about a year ago, when he
came to the city and joined Mr. Jones in the livery
business, the firm also having a sale stable.

The wife of our subject was Ida, daughter of
II. M. Newton, and was born in this count}', in
1862. Their marriagt took place July 15, 1889.
Fernando C. Sheldon, the father of our subject was
born in New York, and when a young man, he re-
moved to Indiana, and thence to the "Western re-
serve of Ohio, where he married Miss Augusta
Maynard. To them were born four children, of
whom three still survive: our subject, Elmer, liv-
ing in Greenville, Mich., and Ernest, of Hamden,
Ohio. The mother, and only daughter, died in
Michigan, wiien our subject was sixteen years of
age. The father married again, came to Kansas,
but returned to Ohio in 1874, and there died the
following year. Our subject votes with the Repub-
lican part}'.

. OCX> -

(j^. TAFFORD HOLMES. Among the many
^^^ pleasant, genial and successful residents of
Tjl/^) Marshall County, considerable mention may
be made of the gentleman whose name ap-
pears at the head of this biographical review. Of
American birth, he is intensely and devotedly at-
tached to the land of his birth, and for her stars
and stripes cherishes a most patriotic affection.

Born to Nelson and Julia A. (Iseminger) Holmes,
our subject spent the earlier portion of his life
among the pleasant hills and valle^-s of Monroe

County, Ind. His father was a native of the south-
ern part of that State, while his mother was born
in Ohio. Their first home in Indiana was in Jack-
son County, whence they removed to La Porte
County in an early day. The closing period of
their lives was spent in the homes of their children,
and they passed to rest in York County, Neb. Of
their family of six children, our sul)ject was the
third in order of birth.

The first four years in the life of him of whom
we write, were spent in the place of his birth, Mon-
roe County, Ind., where his earthly career com-
menced July 9, 1845. When he had arrived at the
age before mentioned, he was taken by his parents
to La Porte County, and there grew to a hardy and
vigorous manhood. His father's farm was his early
tramping ground, and there he passed the happy
years of childhood in boyish pleasures, developing
a robust system; but as he grew older, fun and
frolic gave place to the busy occupation of a farmer.
He remained with his father until he was prepared
to establish a home, and found family ties of his
own.

Reared in La Porte County, it was natural that
our subject should select a wife from amono- its
fair daughters. He was united in marriage, Oct.
29, 1868, with Miss Sarah Taber. a native of In-
diana, and born in Lake County, April 12, 1845.
After marriage Mr. Holmes and his young bride
settled in La Porte County, which continued to be
their home until the fall of 1880. Then attracted
to Kansas by reports of its fertile soil and vast re-
sources, Mr. Holmes and his wife, accompanied by
their children, started for Marshall County, and
located on section 4. Center Township, of which he
has since been a resident. On this estate he gives
his almost exclusive attention to general farmino-,
in which he has been prospered greatly. His farm
has been increased in size until it now comprises
240 acres. Upon it has been erected a substantial,
comfortable residence, and other buildings neces-
sary on a modern estate.

Of the three children born to our subject and his
estimable wife, two are living, and one, William R.,
died when six months old. The survivino- are:
Carleton K., and Dolly E. They are growino- to
manJKjod and womanhood under the [larental roof

262

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

and receiving such thorougli and practical educa-
tions as will fit them to occupj' prominent places in
the social world in future years. Our subject and
his wife are members in good standing of the Chris-
tian Church, and are highly esteemed by their
many acquaintances throughout the county. Mr.
Holmes is a very pleasant, genial associate, occupy-
ing a prominent position in the ranks of the Re-
publican party, while his wife possesses the many
graces of true womanhood, and as the years pass
by, is gaining a beauty more lasting than tliat of
youth, the beauty of loveliness.

^' AMES M. WILLIAMS is a man of superior
I intelligence and one of the most enterprising
and public-spirited citizens of Center Town-
_ ship. His charming home on section 12 is
a rall3'ing point for the culture and wealth of the
entire neighborhood. The father, James Williams,
a native of North Carolina, is a shrewd business
man and a well-posted observer of current events.
The mother, Maria (Sawyer) Williams, was also
born in North Carolina of a good family and is a
capable woman and a good mother. Mr. and Mrs.
James B. Williams were married in their native
State and made that their home until 1850, wiien
they travelled northward, and after a leisurely sur-
vej' of the district traversed by them, located in
Hartford Citj-, Ind. Thej' were the parents of
twelve children, of whom James M. is the fourth.
Hand-in-hand ^hey have passed through the many
struggles of a long and laborious life and are now
enjoying a well-earned repose in their pleasant home
in Indiana, where Mr. Williams has retired from
the active duties connected with the management
of his farm.

The subject of this biography was born on his
father's farm near Elizabeth City. N. C, March 8,
1850, and was only a few months old when his par-
ents emigrated to Indiana. His youth and early
manhood were spent on the farm of his parents.
The schools were far superior to the usual ones
found in ordinary country districts, and young
James improved the opportunities offered by

them to the best of his ability and thus became
quite a noted scholar in that locality. In 1870,
when only twenty years old, he was enabled to de-
rive some pecuniary benefit from his previous close
application to his studies, by accepting a position
to teach others what he had thoroughly learned
himself. He followed the profession of teaching
for a period of seven years, but subsequently
rented a farm and engaged in the occupation of a
tiller of the soil in imitation of our first parents.

One of the happiest days in the lifetime of Mr.
Williams, and best remembered, was the one when
Miss Louisa Jones transferred her happiness into
his keeping, and trustingl}' set out with him to seek
what the future held in store for them. Their
marriage was celebrated Feb. 27, 1879, and after
one year's residence in the neighborhood of their
youthful days the}' emigrated to Kansas, and located
on section 12, Center Township, Slarshall County,
where the}' had previously purchased 160 acres of
land. The soil was highly productive and markets
good, our young friends were blessed with jouth and
health, which, united with thrift and intelligent
labor, have brought them their just reward of a
flourishing and well ordered estate that now em-
braces 240 acres of finel}^ cultivated land, u|)on
which he has made many good and valuable im-
provements, besides the commodious buildings
erected at convenient places for the use and com-
fort of his family and dependents, and for shelter
for the high grade stock, which forms a very con-
siderable and profitable part of his farm opera-
tions.

Mrs. Williams is one of the ornaments of the
social and literary world of Center Township, but
is equall}' cliarming in domestic life, and her gra-
cious hospitality is a real boon to any world-weary
one who chances to stray that way. She is a native
of Indiana, where she was born Aug. 16, 1853,
near Hartford Citj'. Her parents, John and Dolly
(Buoy) .Jones were residentsof that city for a num-
ber of years; their last resting place is in the beau-
tiful cemetery. Olive Branch, adjoining tlie thriving
town, which was the scene of their earthly
activities. Mr. Jones was a native of the historic
little State of Delaware, hallowed to the annals of
our country by tlie gallant efforts of the doughty

R E5IDENCE or John Kirch. Sec I 7. Elm C reek Tr

Res. or James Williams SEC.IJi. Center Tp

i*ORTRAlT Al^D BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

§6$

sons of liberty in their struggle for freedom from llie
yoke of the haughty Briton. Mrs. Jones was born
in Monroe County, Ohio, and was the worthy mate
of a good man.

Mr. and Mrs. Williams h.ave become the parents
of two children — Jim, and one who died in early
infancy, like a tender bud that was plucked too soon.
Mr. Williams is a wide-awake citizen, keenly alive
to anything that will tend to promote the interests
of his district, but takes a proportionally great in-
terest in national affairs and assists with all his
might, whatever will, in his opinion, produce the
most good for the greatest number. He takes a
deep interest in educational matters, believing tliat
tiie proper training of the young is a duty that the
present generation owes to those who will follow.
Politically, our subject is a Republican, but would
not subordinate right principles to mere party suc-
cess. He has filled the position of Justice of the
Peace with eminent ability for two 3'ears.

Elsewhere in this work appears a fine lithographic
engraving of the pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs.
Williams.

^IJ OHN B. KIRCH. Gradually, as the old pio-
neers 3'et spared are retiring from the ac-
tive labors of life, the younger men are
filling their places, the most of them in a
manner befitting their training, pursuing the same
course of industry and economy which enabled
their parents to battle successfully with life on the
frontier, and leave to their descendants a goodl}^
iieritage.

The subject of this notice, a young man of thirty-
tliree years, has the entire charge of the old
homestead of his father, which consists of 240 acres
of well-improved land finely located on section 17
in Elm Creek Township. John Kirch, the father
of our subject, was one of the earliest settlers of
this county, and is still living upon the old home-
stead which he built up from the wilderness. He
located here in 1857, and was the first German set-
tler in his community. He was born in Germany
Sept. 28, 1820, in the county of Luxemburg, and
was first married in 1847 to Miss Anna Mary Kat-

ter, wlio died on the ocean while making the voy-
age to America. He was again married in 1 850,
his second wife being Miss Anna Thielan, also a
native of the Fatherland, and the daughter of John
Thielan, who is living in Wisconsin, at the ad-
vanced age of eighty-eight years. On arriving in
America the father of our subject settled in Ozau-
kee County, Wis., and made it his home until 1857.
That year he brought his family to this county, of
which they have since been residents. When he
settled here the Indians still roamed over the broad
prairies, some hostile, others friendl3r. Upon one
occasion some white settlers had been out buffalo
hunting, and returning from the pleasures of the
eha^, met some Pottawatomie Indians, with whom
they engaged in deadly conflict, killing three of
TOem. Mr. Kirch buried the bodies of the fallen
\V:arriors a few daj's after the occurrence.

In common with the people around them, the
parents of our subject endured many hardships and
privations while battling with the difficulties of life
on the frontier, but industry and ceaseless endeavor
bore their legitimate fruits,and in due time they were
amply rewarded. There came to the household a
family of six children — three sons and three daugh-
ters — of whom John B., our subject, was the eldest
son and third child. He was born in Ozaukee
County, Wis., Aug. 22, 1856, and was about nine
months old when his parents came to this count}';
hence he knows no other home, and here have cen-
tered his chief interests. He grew up on a farm,
and received his education in the common school.
He chose agriculture for his occupation, and at an
earlj' age adapted himself to tlie various employ-
ments of farm life.

Our subject remained a bachelor until approach-
ing the twentj' -seventh year of his life, and was
thei, married. May 31, 1883, to Miss Anna C. Hil-
debrandt, daughter of Joseph and Lena (Oswald)
Hildebrandt. This lady was born in Leavenworth,
Kan., Oct. 17, 1862. Her union with our subject
has resulted in the birth of three children — John
E., Charles W., and Harry H. Charles died when
a. babe of eleven months. The two living are
bright boys upon whom tlie parents are building
great hopes of the future.

In politics Mr. Kirch is an active Republican,

266

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

taking a livel}' interest in local affairs. He is
serving as Township Trustee, to which office he
was elected in November, 1888. He has been a
School Director in his district four years, and
School Treasurer nine years. Both he and his es-
timable wife are members in good standing of the
Catholic Church, as are also his father and mother
and the other members of the family circle.

Elsewhere in this volume appears a. fine litho-
graphic view of the cozy home of our subject and
his wife, and it is the universal wish of their hosts
of friends that they may be spared many years to
enjoy their comfortable home and the good things
of this life.

PRANCIS W. HAMMETT. The family of
this name has been for many years identi-
^_ lied with the most important interests of

Elm Creek Township. They are almost uniformlj'
industrious and well-to-do, possessing in a marked
degree the faculty of getting on iu the world.
The subject of this notice is one of the most
worthy representatives of the name and is com-
paratively a young man, on the sunny side of
forty, a native of Marshall County, 111., and born
Dec. 30, 1852. In his home surroundings he is
remarkably fortunate, having a very intelligent
and amiable lady for a wife, and an interesting
group of children, and it is to his credit that around
his fireside centers his chief interests.

The parents of our subject were Josiah M. and
Rachel (Frazier) Hammett, mention of whom is
made in the sketch of J. M. Hammett on another
page in this Album. Francis W. was the fourth
child of the family, and spent his boyhood and
youth in a comparatively uneventful manner on
the farm, acquiring habits of industry and receiv-
ing his education in the common school. In the
summer of 1866 the familj'. leaving Illinois, came
to this county, and our subject thereafter remained
a member of the parental household until his mar-
riage. This interesting and important event was
celebrated at the residence of the late John
Shroyer Oct. 2, 1878, the bride being Miss Harriet

Shroyer, who was born in Ohio Feb. 13, 1857.
The maiden name of the mother of Mrs. Hammett
was May Zortman; she was a native of Ohio, and
is now deceased.

After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Hammett
settled on section 29 iu Elm Creek Township, where
our subject prosecuted farming successfully, and in
due time invested the proceeds in additional land.
He is now the owner of 305 acres, located on sec-
tions 19 and 29, Elm Creek Township, where he
has erected good buildings and effected other im-
provements. He makes a specialty of stock-rais-
ing, and keeps himself thoroughly posted in regard
to modern methods, while availing himself of the
most approved machinery. He naturally has little
time to mix with politics, but gives his support to
the Democratic part}-.

To Mr. and Mrs. Hammett there have been born
five children, viz.: Royal F., Rinaldo, Idella,
George A. and Essie P. John Shro3er, the father
of Mrs. Hammett, was reared to manhood in his
native State of Ohio, where he married a maiden
of his own county, and they lived in the Buckeye
State for some time thereafter. Upon their remo-
val thence they settled among the early pioneers
of this county, and thereafter remained residents of
Elm Creek Township until departing hence. Mr.
Shroyer died about 1864-65; the mother survived
until February, 1883, spending her last days on
the old homestead. Their family consisted of ten
children, of whom Mrs. Hammett was the seventh
in order of birth. All of these are yet living and
located mostly in Kansas.

^^ ARL F. BARKS was born in Prussia, April
if _ 1, 1823. When a young man he learned
^^J(^ storekeepiug, serving five years at that em-
ployment, after which he spent three years in the
German army. After leaving the army he engaged
in store keeping for tliirteen years. In 1861, he
with his family, consisting of a wife and five chil-
dren came to America, landing at Quebec in Sep-
tember of that year. He went directly' to Prince-
ton, 111., at which place he engaged in store-keeping

i^OtiTMli:' ANb BiOGIiAPHiCAL ALfeuM.

ije?

for a period of eight years. He tlien sold out but
remained in Bureau County, engaged in other
business for ten 3'ears. In 1879 he came to this
county, buying 160 acres of land on section 27,
near Mar3'sville, on which place he has since re-
sided, having a good home, both buildings and
farm being in an excellent condition.

The wife of Mr. Barks bore the maiden name of
Catherine H. Guhl. Their marriage took place in
Germany, September, 1846. Mrs. Barks has be-
come the mother of seven children, two of whom
died when quite young. The others are as follows:
William; Henrietta and Theresa, deceased; Her-
man and Lizzie. Mrs. Barks died in Marysville
Township, Dec. 21, 1882.

Mr. Barks is a man exhibiting the sturdy good
qualities of his race, economical, industrious and of
strict integrity. His political adherence is given
to the Democratic party. He is a member of the
Lutheran Church in Marysville, as are also his
children, who are married and have homes of their
own; one in Washington, one in Princeton, 111.,
and one in Marysville.

jYRON A. HILL, Postmaster of Stolzen-
iy\^ bach, was appointed to this office in Janu-
ary, 1882, and still holds the position. He
is numbered among the prominent farmers
of Balderson Township, and occupies a large, sub-
stantial stone residence, which in former days was
the Presbyterian Mission House for the Otoe In-
dians. It has been renovated and modernized,
and makes one of those quaint-looking buildings
which we frequentlj' r^ad of, bnt seldom see.

Mr. Hill is principally distinguished for his
strong temperance principles and his warm interest
in the .Sabbath-school. Both he and his wife and
and all the children are members of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, in which Mr. Hill has held the
offices of Steward, Class-Leader and Trustee. Two
of his children have been superintendents of the
Sabbath-school, and all make themselves useful as
teachers therein. In the County Sunday-school
Association Mr. Ilill is a prominent light, having

served as Vice-president in Kansas, and in Illinois
he was President of the County Sunday-school As-
sociation for three years.

Coming of good old New England stock, our
subject was born Jan. 3, 1827, in Oneida County,
N. Y., and was the second in afamily of four chil-
dren, the offspring of Uriah and Rhoda (Tibbals)
Hill, who were natives respectively of Connecti-
cut and Greene County, N. Y. The paternal
grandfather, Uriah Hill, was of English parentage,
and born in Connecticut. The parents of our sub-
ject were married in New York State, after which
they settled in Oneida County, and died there, the
the mother in April, 1833, and the father in June,
1843. Three of their children are living, the two
besides our subject being residents of Illinois and
California.

Mr. Hill was reared to manhood in his native
county, receiving a good education in the common
school. After the death of the father the children
had guardians appointed over them. Upon at-
taining his majority, Byron A., leaving the Em-
pire State, made his way to Marshall County, 111.,
where he engaged in farming and as a house car-
penter until December,! 880. Then, selling his farm,
he removed first to Fairbury, Neb., and thence,
in March, 1881, came to this county, and the year
following took possession of his present homestead.

The 10th of August, 1852, witnessed the mar-
riage of our subject with Miss Amanda Leigh,
daughter of Elisha N. and Sarah (Bowman) Leigh,
who were natives respectively of New Jersey and
Virginia. The3' became residents of Marshall
County, III., at an early day, and had a family of
seven children, Mrs. Hill being the fifth. She was
born in Tazewell Countj', 111., Dec. 15, 1832. Mr.
Leigh died March 16, 1871. The mother survived
her husband a number of years, passing away in
May, 1883.

Of the nine children born to Mr. and Mrs. Hill
seven are living: Harry H. died Feb. 22, 1878,
aged four j^ears; Katie died Feb. 8, 1878, aged
two years. Rhoda E. was born May 19, 1853;
S. Alice, Aug. 3, 1855; Horace W., June 2. 1857;
Frank L.. March 5, 1860; Sherman S., Jan. 7,
1864; Lucy Renette, Sept. 1, 1867; and Charles
B., Dec. 1, 1870. Mrs. Hill has 320 acres of land,

268

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

all in one bod^y, including forty acres of timber
and stone quarry. The farm is operated princi-
pally by Mr. Hill and bis son, Sherman. They keep
about sixty head of cattle, fourteen horses and
fifty head of swine.

Mr. Hill takes an active part in politics, and was
first an Abolitionist, second a Free-Soiler. and lat-
terly .1 Republican. He has served as a member
of the Seliool Board, and also as Commissioner of
Highways in Illinois. During the late Civil War
he was an efficient member of the Union League.
He takes an active interest in local affairs, and in
his temperance principles has the warm sympathy
of his whole family.

^ OHN L. HAZLETT. To this gentleman was
i given the honor of naming the townsliip for
Ex-President Grover Cleveland, as he had
been instrumental in securing its formation.
John L. Hazlett, whose residence is in section 10,
Cleveland Township, was born in Butler County,
Pa., Nov. 6, 1835. His father, Reuben, now de-
ceased, was a native of Indiana, following the occu-
pation of a farmer. His mother was iMary Dufle}',
a native of Carlisle, Pa. Of the large family of
nine children, six are living — Eliza, Mrs. McBride,
of Butler, Pa.; Jane, Mrs. Messick, of Genesee
County, Mich. ; Catherine, Mrs. Messick of this
county, near Marysville; Reuben, of Danville,
Ark.; Matilda, Mrs. Duff, of Butler County, Pa.,
and the subject of our sketch.

Mr. Hazlett's education was mainly acquired in
country schools and at a boarding-school at North
Washington, Pa. In May, 1871, he reached this
county after a somewhat lengthy trip, having come
via boat from Pittsburg to Kansas Citj', changing at
Wheeling, Cincinnati and St. Louis. From Kan-
sas City his journej- was by rail to Frankfort. This,
however, was not his first trip to Kansas, as in 1869
he had worked at his trade (carpenter) in Sedalia
and Holden, Mo.

Mr. Hazlett lived in Frankfort one year, then
located at Irish Creek, in this townsliip and has
made it his home ever since, continuing, however.

to work in Frankfort for the space of ten years.
At this particular time it was all Vermillion Town-
ship, and for seven years he served as Justice of
the Peace, having his ofHce at Frankfort. In 1882
Mr. Hazlett took a trip to Colorado, being absent
about two months. In 187.3 he made his perma-
nent home on the farm where he now resides, but
ma}' still be found working at his trade, which he
learned when twenty-five j-ears old, having built
many of the houses and barns throughout the
country. Mr. Hazlett is a fine mechanic, as much of
the machinery used in that vicinity will testifj-.
November 21, 1858, our subject was united in mar-
riage to Miss Bridget E. Magee, daughter of
William Magee, deceased. Mrs. Hazlett's birthplace
was Butler County, Pa. Fifteen children blessed
this union, and of the number ten are living. Will-
iam R. married Jane Kell}', is a resident of this
township, and the father of three children — David
Edward, Cecelia M. and Mary G. ; Eugene A.; Ida
L. and Viola, (twins;) Ida married John Harris of
this township, and has three children — Walter J.,
John Ray and Mary C; Zachary J.; Flora J. and
Leo E., (twins;) Margaret A., Ellen T. and Henri-
etta, They have lost one pair of twins.

Mr. Hazlett's farm consists of eightj-.flve acres,
the management of which he has given up to his
sons. He was elected Township Trustee at the
organization of Cleveland Township in July, 1885,
and has served ever since, with the exception of
one year, and is its present incumbent. Mr. Haz-
lett's wife and family are Roman Catholics, but he
is not a communicant.

-^^^k^

^]ACOB S. PARTHEMER. A prominent
figure in Barrett is the gentleman whose
name heads this sketch. Six feet in height
and proportionatelj' large, with gray hair
mustache and goatee, and florid complexion, light
e3'es beaming from behind his spectacles, and an
air of dignity and self-respect, he would be notice-
able in a far larger city. The position which he
occupies as one of the prominent general mer-
chants and Postmaster, is additional reason for the

PORTKAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

269

notice of a passing visitor, and inquii-y would de-
velop tliefact that he has been for many j'ears an
important member of the society of the town.

Philip Parthemer, great-grandfather of our sub-
ject, emigrated from Germany to America in 1744.
He took part in tiie Revolutionary War, and lived
beyond the three-score years and ten allotted to
man. He was a whitesmith, or worker in edge
tools, in which trade his son, John Jacob, grand-
father of our sulijeet, was instructed. Jacob Par-
themer, father of our subject, was a native of
Pennsylvania, and during the War of 1812, was a
member of a regiment from that State. He en-;--
gaged in no active service, however, as the war
ended before his command could reach any scene
of battle. He married Mary, daughter of Jona-
than Suster, of an o'd Pennsylvania family. Their
family embraced three sons and seven daughters,
of whom our subject was the eldest: Elizabeth is
the wife of Martin Wetzel, a farmer and miller;
her home is in Blilford Center, Union Co., Ohio,
and they have a family of grown children. Mary
married Alexander Ararine, who died over thirty-
five years ago; she subsequently married Zephniah
Reed, who died leaving a small family ; her home
is in Milford Center, Ohio. Cliristian is a farmer,
at the same place; he married Jane Boyer. Cath-
erine, now Mrs. Isaac Y. Coffe}^, lives upon a farm
in Waubansee County, Kan. Joseph lives in
Maysville, Union Co., Oliio, where he is employed
as clerk in a store; he is a blacksmith by trade.
Magdaline died at the age of thirteen years. Har-
riett is single, and resides with her sister Elizabeth
in Milford, Ohio. Malissa is the wife of Albert
Gibson, a farmer. Sarah, Mrs. Ed Turner, lives
with her husband and family in Champaign County,
Ohio, upon a farm.

Our subject was born in Dauphin, Pa., in 1818,
and passed his boj'hood.in his native State, ac-
quiring an education in subscription schools there.
When about twenty-one years of age his parents
removed to Union County, Ohio, and settled upon
a farm near Maysville. He had been reared to the
pursuit of agriculture, which bis father followed,
and lie also learned the carpenter's trade. At the
two employments he found abundant use for his
physical energies, and exercised his mental powers

by teaching school a number of terms. Early in
December of 1841 he was married to Maria, daugh-
ter of .John and Nanc^' Amrine, the bride being a
native of Union County, Ohio. The wife died in
1851, leaving five children to the. care of the be-
reaved husband. On April 13, 1852, our subject
was married a second time, the bride being Miss
Maria Clayton. Shortly after this marriage he re-
moved to Marion, Butler Co., Iowa, where he re-
sided until October, 1859. He then came to this
count}', and at the Junction City land office entered
160 acres of land, lying in Wells Township, two
miles west of Barrett. Upon this land lie resided
•until his youngest son became of age, when he
transferred the title to him and moved into town.
During his first years in Kansas he engaged in
school teaching. After his removal to Barrett ho
occupied himself with carpenter woik and wagon
repairing until 1872, when he began merchan-
dising.

Of the five children left by Mr. Parthemer's first
wife all still survive except the oldest; this was
a daughter, Adeline, who became the wife of Jacob
Collins, and died in Butler County, Iowa, within
a year after her marriage, at tlie early age of
seventeen. Ann is the wife of Ira Ingles, a farmer
living in Butler County, Iowa. Arthur served
in the Union arm}' during the late Civil War, is
unmarried, and for several years has been a resi-
dent of Arizona. Nancy J., widow of Hiram
Overacker, is living in Washington. May Ellen
is a widow and resides in Logan County, Kan.
The result of our subject's second marriage was
one son, Jonathan, who is now living at Clayton,
Norton Co., Kan.; he married Miss Haltie Mosher.

Mr. Parthemer was the first Postmaster of the
village, having been appointed by Abraham Lincoln
iu 1861. The office was then located on the west
side of Vermillion Creek. Mr. Parthemer con-
tinued in charge of the office until 1869, when he
resigned. He was again appointed in 1872, but
resigned after a short time. In 1887 he was again
re-appointed, and is still holding the position. He
was also the first Justice of the Peace in Barrett,
.and held the office for fifteen years. He has
served as Township Trustee, Township Clerk, and
Township Treasurer, each one year. He has been

270

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

School District Clerk, and for nine years was
School Treasurer. He is now Notary Public of
Barrett. He is a man of high standing in the
Methodist Church, of which he has long been a
member. He is a supporter of the principles of
the Republican part^', and is a man of upright
character and good business qualifications, an ex-
celent conversationalist and a highly respected
citizen.

3-^

W EVI H. EBY, minister of the (;erman Bap-
I (@i tist Church, presides over an intelligent
j'^\ congregation, comprising residents of Guit-
tard, Richland, Balderson, and St. Bridget town-
ships, the services being held in the Barklow
school-house. They contemplate erecting a church
edifice in the near future. The church was estab-
lished in 1883, and deacons were appointed, but
there was no minister. In the spring of 1 884 Mr.
Eby came to Kansas, and in connection with Will-
iam Sm ith and N F. Brubaker, assumed charge of
the congregation, which is composed of forty-two
members. He has proven himself a faithful and
efficient pastor, and is thoroughtly alive to the
duties of his position.

The subject of this sketch was born in Stephen-
son County, 111., Sept. 9, 1858, and there spent the
early years of his life. He received a 'good edu-
cation, having attended Mt. Morris College after
leaving the common school. Then, being elected
to the ministry, he expected to give four more
years to stud3% but entered upon his duties at
once. He was married while a resident of Lena,
111., March 1, 1883, to Miss Angle Yarger, and es-
tablished himself in Brown County, this State.
Thence, in 1 884 he came to this county and pur-
chased a farm of eighty acres on section 15 in
Richland Township, where he has effected the usual
improvements, and in connection with his ministe-
rial labors has prosecuted agriculture in a very
successful manner. He is the father of two bright
(children — Ethel E. and Edna D.

Mrs. Eby was born April 2, 1858, in Stephenson
County, 111., and is the sister of George Yarger,
a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work.

She took kindly to her books in her childhood, and
developed into a successful teacher, which profess-
ion she followed for some time prior to her mar-
riage. The father of our subject was Enoch Eby,
a native of Franklin Count}', Pa., and born Nov.
13, 1828. He lived there and in Huntingdon
County until the removal of the family to Illinois
about 1850. He married Miss Hettie Howe, and
they reared a family of seven children. Thej'
were i-esidents of the Prairie State until 1886, and
Enoch El\y for twenty-two years was an Elder in
the church, and for five years was Moderator in the
General Annual Conference. He was invested
with the Bishop's Order and is now a resident of
Hntchinson, Kan. About 1877 he, in company
with Daniel Fry, was sent as a missionary to Den-
mark, where he remained seven months, organizing
societies and laboring generally in the interests of
the church. In connection with these duties he
came to Kansas, there being but few to build up
the church in the West. He traveled over a large
portion of the State and much of the territory ad-
joining. He has since 1876 given his time almost
exclusively to church work. The wife and mother
died in 1861 at West Point, 111. The father was
married a second time in 1863, in Peunsjlvania.

3 ^-4^-^-

* I^ILLIAM W. EDDY. Nowhere in Mar-
\^// shall County can a more attractive home
V^^ be found than that of the above named
gentleman. It is a farm of 160 acres, all under
thorough cultivation, and containing upon its fer-
tile expanse 600 apple trees and many other fruit
and shade trees and a substantial house, together
with adequate farm buildings. Its owner and
occupant came to this county in September, 1871.
having previously purchased this quarter-section of
hind in Walnut Township, on section 14. Five
acres of land had been broken, and the remainder
was open prairie. During the fall after his arrival
Mr. Eddy built a part of the house which he now
occupies, and in the spring began breaking the
land and impi-oving the farm. He had a hard
struggle, having no means left after building his

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

271

lioiise, but tbat he has been eminentlj' successful
liis home and its attractive surroundings now prove.
In place of the wild prairie devoid of shade, and a
few acres of broken ground, which he once saw, iie
can now look forth over fine fields beautified by
growing crops, large orchards from which an abun-
dance of fruit is obtained, and in the shade of
beautiful trees which he has grown, can take a well-
earned rest.

Our subject's paternal grandfather, Berrick
Eddy, was born in Nova Scotia, and came with his
parents to America, when about four years of age.
He spent his life chiefly in Connecticut. In Win-
dom County, of that State, his son Waldo, the
father of our subject, was born, reared, married,
and died. In the same countj' our subject's motiier,
Sarah (Seamons) Eddj', was born and died. She
was of the Baptist Church. The parental family
consisted of three children, all living, our subject
being the second in order of birth.

The subject of our sketch was born in Connecti-
cut Feb. 20, 1837, and in his native State grew to
manhood, obtaining a good education and receiv-
ing excellent home training. In his native State
he married, and there continued to reside until his
removal to Kansas. The wife of our subject bore
the maiden name of Nancy F. Blanchard. She is
the daughter of George and Caroline (Bradley)
Blanchard. Her father was a native of Rhode
Island, from which State he removed with his par-
ents to Connecticut, and in that .State he still
spends a portion of his time with a son, Caleb
Blanchard, and the remainder of his time with his
daughter, Mrs. Eddy. The mother died in Marys-
villein the year 1888, her remains being interred
in the old family cemetery at Shakersville, Conn.,
where the body of Mrs. Eddy's grandfather, Caleb
Blanchard, also reposes. Mrs. Blanchard was
reared in the faith of the Congregational Church,
having membership in that denomination in Con-
necticut. Mrs. Eddy is the motlier of six chil-
dren : George W. ; Caroline R, now the wife of
Frank Griffee (see sketch of Marshall Griffee which
occupies another page in this book); Mary R.,
Horace S., Lewis H., and Susan W.

Mr. Eddy is a member of the Democratic party,
but in local matters votes for men whom he con-

sidders best qualified for office, regardless of their
political faith. He is a man of fine moral princi-
ples, 'enterprising business habits, and commands
the hearty respect of his fellow-citizens.

-^^^S-^

I^LT GOLDSBERRY. This substantial old
IP veteran of eightv -three years was found cora-
li^^ fortably located at liis large, well regulated
farm, which embraces 320 acres on sections 22, 29
and 30, in Guittard Township. His surroundings
indicate the patience and perseverance with which
he must have labored in redeeming a portion of
the soil of Northern Kansas from its primitive
condition. The pioneer history of this part of the
county would scarcely be complete without the
record of the life and labors of Mr. Goldsberry,
who has borne no unimportant part in brino-ino- it
to its present condition. His has been a career to
which his descendants may revert with pride and
satisfaction after he has been gathered to his
fathers. A native of Ross County, Ohio, Mr.
Goldsberry was born May 31, 1806. A few years
later his parents removed to Indiana, where Eli
completed tiie rudiments of a common-school edu-
cation, and became familiar with agricultural pur-
suits. When a young man of twenty-three years,
in 1829, he was married to Miss Anna Guy. The
young people settled upon a farm, and in the
course of a few years the household circle em-
braced ten children. The wife and mother died in
Indiana, and our subject was then married to Miss
Elizabeth Paulson, who came with her family to
Kansas, and died at the homestead in this county
in 1858.

About 1856 Mr. Goldsberry moved across the
Mississii)pi into Iowa, where he lived two years
and thence came to this county, arrivino- in Guit-
tard Township on the 8th of August, 1858. He
took up a tract of Government land, and a home-
stead besides, and added to his real estate until he
was at one time the owner of 640 acres. He paid
special attention to the home farm, however, insti-
tuting one improvement after another as rapidly as
possible, and laboring early and late in the cultiva-

272

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

tion of the soil, and endeavoring to obtain a foot-
hold. In due time his industry met with its
reward, and he is comparativelj' independent. He
makes a specialty of stock-raising, and among other
good qualities uniformly votes with the Republican
party.

For his third wife Mr. Goldsberry married Miss
Sarah Wolfe, and to them were born eleven chil-
dren, ten of whom are living, namel3-: Hulda E.,
John E., Martha, Clinton B.,Ida A., Silas G., Will-
iam W.. Francis M., Ruth and Marinda. Mrs.
Sarah (AYolfe) Goldsberry was born in Boone
County, Ind., in April, 1841, and in 1860 came
with her husband to this county, of which she has
since been a resident.

-''v^

f 1 ACOB L. HOLLO WAY. While great praise
is due the men who left the comforts of the
East for the purpose of building homes'and
establishing homesteads in the new West, and
who lived and died where so many years of earnest
labor and unremitting toil had been passed, 3'ct
we miTSt not forget the important part taken in the
development of the resources of the county, by
those who are natives of the place they now in-
habit, or came here when they were so young they
have only a few childish recollections of other
scenes than the ones now surrounding them.
Among the young men of prominence and ability,
Mr. Jacob L. Hollowaj' is especially worthy of
honorable mention. He was born in Ohio. Jan. 19,
1852, to Noah and Mary A. (Hoig) Holloway.
The mother had previous to this marriage been
imited in bonds of wedlock with Francis Sanford,
who died in Ohio. Our subject was only seven
years of age when he accompanied his parents to
Kansas. (See biographical sketch of Thomas L.
HoUowa}'.) The father of our subject has passed
to his rest, tlie date of ins deatli being Jan. 29,
1879; but the mother still resides with her sou
Jacob.

The boyhood and youth of Mr. HoUowa}- were
spent in a comparatively uneventful manner, being
occupied with the various duties attendant upon

farm life, and in the intervals being engaged in tlie
pursuit of knowledge in the primitive temples of
of learning, such as were then scattered here and
there along the lonely roads. Looking out at the
cabin door, he used to watch the antelope and deer
grazing in groups, and furnishing much excite-
ment for the pioneer hunter, who was always glad
to add to the larder of the housewife by a nice
venison steak, or other choice delicacies. At
that time the Indians were numerous, not yet
having been driven West by the advancing tide of
civilization. Marysville, now a populous and
thriving cit3', was then a rural hamlet, with few
people, and would scarcely be recognized as the
now prosperous town, with its railroads, schools
and churches, and other indications of prosperitj'.
Ten years ago our subject was united in mar-
riage with Sarah A., daughter of George and
America (Jones) Reed3\ Their marriage was sol-
emnized Nov. 18, 1879, in Marshall Countj', Kan.
Mrs. Hollo waj' is a native of Missouri, coming to
Kansas in 1858, when a mere babe, having been
born Feb. 17, 1858. Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Hollowaj-
are the parents of four children, namely- : Bertha,
born July 27,1880; Thomas B., Jan. 17, 188S;
William A., Nov. 15, 1884; and an infant that died
unnamed, was born Jan. 4, 1887. With the aid of
his estimable wife Mr. Holloway has built up a com-
fortable home, and is now the owner of a splendid
farm of eighty acres, well cultivated, and compi-is-
ing some of the most fertile soil in the county,
soil, that responds readily to the careful hand of the
husbandman. He and his family are highly respected
by all those among whom they have lived for many
years, and are valued members of the best society
of the county. In politics lie is a stanch Repub-
lican.

^^R. ANDREW J. OCKERMAN. In com-
■' ^^ piling the pioneer history of Marshall
County, it would scarcely be complete
without mention of the life of one of its
earliest and most efficient physicians, who, although
deceased for a period of twenty-seven years, is still
remembered by many of the older residents, not

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

273

only for bis talents as a practitioner, but his gen-
uine worth as a member of the community. He
departed this life in October, 1862, and is one of
those whose names are held in kindly remembrance.
He was a man of decided views, a stanch Repub-
lican, politically, and in religious matters identi-
fied with the Methodist P^piscopal Church as an
exhorter, and one of its most earnest laborers.

The subject of this sketch was born in Highland
Count}', Ohio, and was the son of Daniel Ockerman,
a farmer who prosecuted his calling in Highland
Count}', that State, but finally removed to Cincin-
nati, where he spent his last days. Our subject took
kindly to his books during his youth, and through
his own efforts acquired a good education. He
chose the profession of medicine, and was grad-
uated regularly from one of the Ohio colleges. In
1850 he was united in marriage with Miss Polly
Merron, after which he located on a farm in De-
catur County, Ind., where they lived until remov-
ing to Tippecanoe County, Ind. In the latter
county Dr. Ockermr.n engaged in teaching school.
Not being satisfied with his prospects and sur-
roundings in Indiana, our subject decided to seek
the farther AVest, and in June, 1852, set out over-
land with a team, and landed on Muddy Creek, in
Decatur County, Iowa. There he resumed farm-
ing, but met with considerable discouragement on
account of failing health. Finally he resolved to
seek his fortunes in Northern Kansas, and setting
out as before by team, he came with his family to
this county, being one of the first to locate in
what is now Vermillion Township. The hardships
and privations afterward encountered by the Ock-
man family, make a story similar in its detail to
that which has so often been recounted in this
work. Here, as before, he prosecuted agriculture,
and as the country became settled up, followed his
profession until 1860. Then returning to Iowa, he
located in Brooklyn, Howard County, remaining
there until after the outbreak of the Civil War.
He then volunteered his services to the Union
cause, but was rejected on account of ill health,
and only survived a short time thereafter.

Mrs. Ockerman, after the death of her husband,
remained a resident of Iowa for some time, then
returned to this county and began farming on the ,

old homestead, having to begin anew. She effected
good improvements on the place, carried on agri-
culture successfully, and reared her family. Ii was
ditlicult at times to make both ends meet and keep
the wolf from the door, but being industrious
and an excellent manager she succeeded, and con-
tinued there until 1879. In the meantime she pur-
ch.ased a loom, and in addition to her household
duties, and the general oversight of the farm, spun
and wove, working sometimes the greater part of
the twenty-four hours.

In the year above-mentioned Mrs. Ockerman dis-
posed of her farm property and removed to Frank-
fort, where she put up a residence. She occupied
this a number of years, and then, at the solicitation
of her daughter, Mrs. Tilley, sold her town prop-
erty, and took up her abode with the latter in
Rock Township, where she now makes her home.
She owns a 40-acre farm, well improved, in Ver-
million Township. She has four children living,
the eldest of whom, Mary H. (Mrs. Alilliken), is the
wife of the County Surveyor, and resides in Marys-
ville. Emma is the wife of R. H. Tilley, of Rock
Township, and who is represented elsewhere in this
volume. Josiah D. is traveling in the West. Will-
iam H. is attending the Kansas City Dental Col-
lege. Mrs. Ockerman is a lady of very decided'
views and opinions, and her sympathies, politi-
cally, are with the Union Labor party. She has
been for many years a prominent and active mem-
ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Little
Timber school-house. Mrs. Ockerman was born in
Bartholomew County, Ind., Oct. 15, 1826. She was
reared there on a farm until reaching womanhood,
and there also was married. She has been the wit-
ness of many and great changes, and has watched
the growth and development of the Great West
with that warm interest which none but the inteli-
gent mind can feel. Kansas, now a prosperous
commonwealth, bears little resemblance to the wild
frontier, upon which she settled with her husband,
and endured the trials and tribulations usually
encountered by those who ventured to this region
soon after the Indians had left it. She is one of
the oldest residents of MarshaU County, and after
her and her husband Ockermau Creek was named.
She has many friends among the people of this

274

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

county by whom she is held in deep respect, not
only on account of her age, but the excellent
qualities of her character.

The father of Mrs. Ockerman, was John M. Her-
ron, a native of North Carolina, who, in addition to
farming pursuits, operated as a blacksmith and
wheelwright. He removed to Kentucky, where he
sojourned a number of years, then crossing the Ohio
River, settled in the forests of Bartholomew
County, Ind., where he engaged at his trade a few
years, and then removed to Tippecanoe County.
In the latter he entered a tract of land, aud in
addition to farming engaged in the manufacture of
chairs, wheels, etc., and made all his own farm im-
plements and fixtures. In 1854 he came to this
State with his family, and locating upon a farm in
Vermillion Township, labored until advancing age
caused him to retire, when he took up his abode
with his daughter Polly. In 1862 he returned on
a visit to Indiana, where his death occurred in
Tippecanoe County, when he was over seventy
years old. The paternal grandfather of Mrs. Ock-
erman was John Herron, who was of English de-
scent, anil who served in the Revolutionary War,
receiving wounds which crippled him for life.

■^f f OHN T. WATT. Among the men who have
been instrumental in forwarding the agri-
cultural interests of Marshall County, Mr.
iK^/ Watt has occupied a prominent position.
He is a thorough and skillful farmer as a glance at
his fine homestead will at once indicate. He owns
and occupies 160 acres, comprising a portion of
sections 1, 8, and 9, Richland Township, to which
he removed Oct. 1, 1883. This was then a tract of
wild land without any improvements whatever, and
it is hardly necessary to say that no small amount
of time, labor and money have been expended in
bringiag it to its present condition. Tlie greater
part has been thoroughly cultivated, and produces
in abundance the rich crops of this region ; the bal-
ance is good pasture. Mr. Watt has put out an
orchard of 400 apple trees, and a quantity of forest

trees, which form a fine windbreak. He has fenced
and cross-fenced his land, erected substantial build-
ings, and gathered together the modern machinerj'
required in developing the soil to the best advan-
tage. In addition to general farming, he makes a
specialty of stock-raising — horses, cattle and swine
— and feeds the most of the fifty acres of corn
which he usuallj- plants. He puts in about thirty
acres of oats, fifteen acres of flax, and has fifteen
acres of fine meadow land, which produces a choice
quality of timothy hay. The improvements on his
farm have been effected in six years' time, mostly
by the proprietor alone, he hiring help onl^' about
six months during the entire period.

Mr. Watt was born in Trumbull County, Ohio,
March 17, 1840, but when he was an infant of three
months, his parents removed to Jefferson Count}',
where he was reared to man's estate, and received
a good practical education in the common school.
About the time of reaching his majority, the Re-
bellion having broken out, he enlisted as a Union
soldier, July 12, 1861, in Company A, 32d Ohio
Infantry,. which was assigned to the army of the
Cumberland, and first sent into Virginia. He first
met the enemy in actual conflict at the battle of
Green Briar, in the Alleghany Mountains, when
there were about 5,000 troops on each side, the
Union boys being under the command of Gen. Mil-
roy. He also fought along the valley of the Shen-
endoah in many skirmishes, and was at Vicksburg
and Port Hudson. At Harper's Ferry, after three
days' fighting, he was captured with 5.000 otiiers,
but with them was soon paroled and sent to Chi-
cago to be exchanged. Later our subject went with
his regiment to the vicinitj' of Vicksburg, where
Grant was operating and again to Port Hudson.
He participated in many of the important battles
which followed, namely : Franklin, Wilson Creek,
Jackson, Miss., Champion Hills, Black River, and
was present at the siege of Vicksburg. After the
capture of the city, they set out and marched 400
miles to Meridan, Ga., destroying everything along
the railroad lines, and some days marching twenty
hours out of the twenty-four. After returning
from Canton, Miss., they were seven days without
rations, living on parched corn until a train of sup-
plies could reach them from Vicksburg. They

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

275

cai)tured a number of rebels, among them being
one Jeff Davis, although not tiie leader of the Con-
federacy. Their next expedition was up the Ten-
nessee River, and they afterward joined Sherman
on his march to the sea as far as Atlanta.

Mr. Watt, when in the vicinity of Kenesaw
Mountain, was sent out scouting with an Indian^
and received fifteen bullet holes through his clothes,
while his left arm was broken, and one of the large
arteries partiall}' severed. Prior to this, while
scouting in the Alleghany Mountains, he was sepa-
rated from his regiment for six weeks, but received
no bodily injury. After being wounded he was
sent to Rome, Ga., where he remained four weeks,
tlien went home on a furlough. When starting to
rejoin his regiment, he was sent to Chattanooga
and thence to New Berne, N. C, whence he pro-
ceeded to Washington, and was present at the
Grand Review at the close of the war. Shortly af-
terward he received his honorable discharge at Co-
lumbus, Ohio, and was mustered out in Louisville,
K}'., after having given to his country a faithful
service of four years and three months. He has
not 3'et entirely' recovered from the effects of army
life and his wounds.

After retiring from service, Mr. Watt lived one
year in Carroll County, Ohio, then removed to
De Kalb County, Mo., where he became owner of
120 acres of land, three miles from Marysville, the
county seat. In connection with farming, he oper-
ated as a contractor and builder in Marysville,
Plattsburg, St. Joseph, and Northern Kansas, and
was thus employed until coming to this count}'.
Here he has been Township Clerk, and a member
of the School Board, besides occupying other posi-
tions only given to the useful and efficient citizen.
He votes the straight Republican ticket, and be-
lieves in ''the Union forever."

While a resident of Marysville, Mo., our subject
was married Oct. 18, 1870, to Miss Nancy J., Mc-
Claren, and of this union there have been horn four
children, all of whom are living — Grace, Bertha,
Bessie, and a babe unnamed. Mrs. Watt was born
in Carroll County. Ohio, July 31, 1850, and when
a young lady, removed to Missouri to keep house
for a brother. She lived there until the time of
her marriage. Her parents, John and Anna JIc-

Claren, were natives of Virginia and Ohio, and arc
now deceased; she was the fifth in a family of eight
children.

James Watt, father of our subject, was born in
Pennsylvania, and was married in the Key Stone
State, to Miss Maria Thomas. Shortly afterward
they .removed to Carroll County, Ohio, and then to
Jeft'erson County, where they spent the remainder
of their days, living to a ripe old age, the father
dying in the spring of 1882, at the age of seventy,
two, and the mother three months later, at the age
of seventy. The latter was born in 1812, and was
the daughter of William Thomas. Mr. Watt so-
cially belongs to the Masonic fraternity, also to
the A. O. U. W., the G. A R., and the Pilgrim
Knights. By a course of general reading he has
kept himself well informed in regard to current
events, and is in all respects a representative citizen.

iHOMAS McMAHAN, of Irish-American
parentage, is a: leading, influential, and re-
spected citizen of Marshall County, which
has been his home for a period of nearly twenty
years. He is the son of John and Sarah (Lon-
don) McMahan, the former a native of Ire-
land, and the latter of Northumberland County,
Pa. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. John Mc-
Mahan located in Northumberland Count}-, Pa.,
where for many years they were valued and indus-
trious members of the community. They afterward
removed to Bradford County, Pa., where they both
l)assed to their final rest. In their family of eight
children our subject was the eldest, and, as is the
usual experience with the eldest child in a laro-e
famil}', he was never allowed to lapse into idleness,
but was a constant example to the 3'ounger children
of thrift, prudence and industry. The date of his
birth was March 26, 1832, and he was born during
the sojourn of his parents in Northumberland
County, Pa. His father was a contractor, but also
owned and operated a farm. Here the son grew to
manhood, learning to make himself useful at what-
ever needed his attention, and helping his father
in every way possible. When a small boy his

276

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

father and mother removed to Bradford County,
Pa., where he continued to live until 1871, com-
ing tiien to Marshall County, accompanied by his
wife and four children.

Tlie first home of Mr. and Mrs. McMahan was
in the same location as their farm of the present,
being situated on section 18, Franklin Township.
He is the fortunate possessor and cultivator of 167
acres of land, comprising as fine land as is to be
found in the West. He has made some good im-
provements on his home place. He has received
the assistance of his wife in all his efforts to ad-
vance his interests and to provide for his children.
He was married, in Bradford Count}', Pa., Dec. 23.
1856, the wife being in her youth Miss Jemima
Elliott, daugiiter of Joseph S. and Jemima (Hor-
tou) Elliott. (For further account of the life of
her parents see sketch of J. M. Elliott, elsewhere
in this volume.) Mr. and Mrs. Elliott were the
parents of nine children, of whom Mrs. McMahan
was the eighth in order of birth. She was born in
Bradford County, Pa., April 6, 1837, and lived in
the home of lier birth until her marriage.

Our subject and his wife are the parents of
seven children, two deceased. Below they are
enumerated: The eldest died in infancy: James E.,
Mattie E., Thomas W., George C, John Y. and
Maud I. Mattie was snatched from the loving par-
ents by the hand of death, dying in the springtime
of life, at the age of twenty years. She passed
away in Franklin Township, Nov. 19, 1881, just
when the carefull^'-nourished bud was blossoming
into a lovely rose. Truly, there is "no home, how-
e'er defended, but has one vacant chair." Though
gone before these many years, she is still sincerely'
mourned for by those who held her dear. The
other daughter is receiving a good education in the
district school, and is being fitted to be an orna-
ment to society, wliich her refinement and accom-
plishments will permit her to adorn. The sons are
all residents of this county. One son, James E.,
has located the "Home City" Nurser}' on his
father's farm.

Our subject in his political affiliation is in sym-
pathy with the Union Labor party, and has held
various offices in liis township, among them being-
Town Clerk for two terms, and also School Treas-

urer for six years. The people have thus endeav-
ored by ever}' possible means to displaj' their
confidence in him. In the Masonic fraternity he
is a valued member and active worker. Mrs. Mc-
Mahan is in her belief a Christian Scientist, and is
known for miles around as possessing admirable
traits of character and wonderful strength of mind.
In the best social circles of the communit}' our
subject and his wife are honored guests, while in
turn they welcome their many friends under their
own iiospitable roof.

»|/^^ ENRY BRENNEKE, general merchant, grain
jtji; and live-stock dealer of the town of Bremen,
J^K^ is wideh' and favorably' known as locater
(^^ and chief support of the place Where he re-
sides, as well as a man of means. He is one of
those whose present prosperity has been attained
by untiring industry under the most discouraging
circumstances, and whose life presents a stirring
example to those who are just beginning a career.
The parents of our subject, Henry and Mary
(Hille) Brenneke, were natives of Germany, where
five children were born to them, our subject first
seeing the light in Hanover, June 28, 1847, and
receiving a good education under the compulsor}'
laws of his native land. The eldest son, Christ,
came to the United States in 1861, and as soon as
he had earned sufficient money sent for his father
and family to come to him. They embarked on
the sail-ship "Adler" and after a voyage of seven
weeks, landed May 31, 1864 at New York City,
whence they came directly to Cook County, 111.,
finding that their son, Christ, had died a month
before their arrival. An older daughter of the
family ,Johnnah, wife of Henry Poppe, had come to
America and was at that time living in Illinois,
her husband being in the army. Left without
money, and with no accquaintances near, ex-
cept the friends of the deceased son and brother,
the father, mother and children, hired out to work
by the day or month, as they best could. A
daughter, Mary, wife of Frederick Germer, was yet
in Germany, and as soon as sufficient money had

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

277

been earned for the purpose, she was sent for; and
with the arrival of herself and family, the parental
family were reunited. Our subject was about
seventeen 3'ears of age wlien he came to America,
and for three j^ears worked upon a farm in Illi-
nois. After the return of his brother-in-law, Mr.
Poppe, from the service, the two came to Kansas
to look up a location for the family. The follow-
ing year all came to this count}', locating on Moun-
tain Creek, tliis being in April, 1867. Here our
subject took a homestead of 160 acres on section 6,
where Bremen is now located. The father located
in another part of the township, but spent his last
daj-s with our subject, dying July 13, 1874 aged
sixty-four years. The mother still lives, making
iier home with our subject.

Here in 1872 the marriage of our subject took
|)lr.ce, his bride being Mary, daughter of Henry
and Eva (Vogel) Schneck, a native of Wurtem-
burg, Germany, where her parents and ancestors
were born and reared. Mr. and Mrs. Brenneke
have lost two children — Henry and Caroline — and
five still live to gladden their lives. The surviv-
ors are named respectively, Herman, Frederick,
Wilhelmina, Anna and Maria.

Our subject still owns his original homestead,
ineUiding the town site, which was platted in 1886,
on which lie has a good frame residence and other
buildings, a store and a grain office; he also owns
eight}' acres of his father's home farm. Mr. Bren-
neke has a partner in the mercantile business, Mr.
Otto Peicker, and the firm usually carry from $4,000
to $5,000 worth of goods. The grain and live-
stock business is carried on solely by Mr. Brenneke.
The town of Bremen owes its existence to the
efforts of our subject, who, now as the only general
merchant and grain and stock dealer in this place,
is the chief business support of the town and its
contributory districts.

Mr. Brenneke and his wife are members of the
Lutheran Church, the same faith having been held
by their ancestors for generations back. For sev-
eral years our subject has held the office of Trustee
in that church. He is a man of independent politi-
cal views, voting for those whom he considers
most capable of administering the offices to which
they are nominated. For three years past lie has

served as Postmaster of this place. He is one of
the charter members of the Bremen Farmers' Mu-
tual Insurance Company, of which body he has
been Secretary for about twelve years. He has
served as Clerk of the School Board during a per-
iod of eighteen years. He is possessed of the
sterling traits of character that make a man a power
in a community, and is one whose presence seems
indispensable to the town in whose development
he is so deeply interested, and to whose growth he
so largely contributes.

Sft OSEPH MANNING. In the front ranks of
those who were attracted to Kansas by ru-
moi-s of its vast wealth of soil, and its appar-
(^^ ently unlimited resources, was he of whom
this brief notice is written. He is located on sec-
tion 18, Franklin Township, which has been his
permanent residence since 1883. Both the father
and grandfather of our subject were by name John
Manning, the father of our subject, a native of
Clermont County, Ohio, where he married Miss
Ursula B. Morgan, also a native of the same State
as himself. Living in this, tlie home of their youth,
until 1850, they resolved to seek pastures new, and
accordingly repaired to Appanoose County, Iowa,
which, with the exception of four years in Lee
County, the same State, has since been their home.
There the father passed away from earth, leaving
his wife and family in good circumstances. The
mother of Joseph Manning yet survives, residing
in Appanoose County, Iowa.

The home circle of Mr. and Mrs. John Manning,
Jr., was enlarged until in time eleven children
clustered around the fireside, and among these our
subject was the fourth in order of birth. He was
born in Franklin Township, Clermont Co., Ohio,
on the 20th of November, 1837, and lived in his
birthplace until he was about thirteen years of age,
when he accompanied his parents to Iowa. Tiiis
was his home until 1870, but in the meantime sev-
eral important events had occurred in his life.
About the time he became of age the topic of slav-
ery was one of all absorbing interest, and a nation

§78

PORTRAIT AND BtOGRAfHtCAL ALBUM.

was threatened with extinction and ruin. Popular
feeling was aroused to a fever heat, and enthusiasm
for the national cause was unbounded. In his quiet
country home our subject had ample time to reflect
on these vital questions, and when the call for
more soldiers came he responded at once to the ap-
peal. He was for three years a faithful and cour-
ageous soldier, having enlisted in August, 1862, in
Company I, 36th Iowa Infantry, and efcaped with,
out any severe injuries being received in service.

When Mr. Manning's term of service had expired
he returned to his old home in Appanoose County,
Iowa, and soon afterward married. He was very
fortunate in his selection of a life partner, his wife
being Miss Maria I. Holshouser, to whom he was
united in the bonds of wedlock Dec. 31, 1865. Her
parents were Milus A., and Caroline (Atkinson)
Holshouser. the former a native of North Carolina,
and the latter supposed to have been born in Ind-
iana. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Hol-
shouser settled in Putnam County, Ind., which was
their home until 1850, when they came to Wa-
pello Countj^ Iowa; after a five years' sojourn in
the latter county they again removed, this time
locating in Appanoose County, Iowa, where Mrs.
Holshouser died in 1861. At the present time her
husband yet survives. To Mr. and Mrs. Holshou-
ser was born a family of eight children, of whom
Maria I. (Mrs. Manning) w.is the fourth. Her birth-
place was Putnam Count}-, Ind., and the date of
her birth Aug. 30, 1849.

Remaining in Iowa for only a few years after
their marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Manning were induced
to remove to Kansas, and preempted a homestead
of 160 acres in Marshall Count}' on section 18,
Franklin Township. The ensuing five years were
passed in the busy pursuits of agriculture in this then
new country, but the charms of old friendships,
and the ties of old associations drew him back to
the home in Appanoose County, where the family
remained until 1883. He dales his permanent resi-
dence in Kansas from tiiat year, as he then removed
to Marshall County, where he has a good farm now
well improved and carefully cultivated.

During all these j'ears of labor, Mr. Manning has
been greatly assisted and cheered by the faithful,
ever devoted wife, and has also enjoyed the com-

panionship of his children, of whom there were
born six, namely: William A., who died in infancy;
Nevada A., who was removed from the loving par-
ents and friends by the angel of death, waiting to
lead this fair flower of earth to gardens of unfad-
ing glory. Her death occurred in Appanoose
County, Iowa, Feb. 14, 1882, when she was four-
teen years of age. The living cliildreu are: Ed-
ward A., Gertie M., Mary E. and Clyde C.

Mr. Manning afHliates with the Republican party
in matters political, and has held several of the
township offices. Together with his wife, he has
been a consistent member of the Methodist Church,
which he has assisted in every way possible, both
by the example of an upright life, and by giving
it financial aid. They are also welcome additions
to the social circles of their vicinity, and being
now in life's prime, will probably devote the re-
mainder of their lives to the cultivation and im-
provement of their property and the education of
their children.

,^^EORGE HAHN. This county is indebted
ill f^-j to the lands across the sea for many of lier
^^^S most enterprising citizens. Not the least
among them is the above named gentleman,
who resides upon a well-tilled farm on section 34,
Franklin Township. He is a native of (xermany,
in which country he was born May 2, 1838, being
the sou of Christian and Catherina (Patzke) Hahn,
both of whom lived and died in tiieir native land.
The parental family consisted of thirteen children,
of whom our subject was the third. He p.issed iiis
boyhood upon his father's farm, and at tlie age of
sixteen found employment as clerk in a general
store. This position he occupied for three years,
when he returned to the farm, remaining until the
age of twenty-four. Believing that the New
World afforded a better field for the energies of a
young man, he came to America, landing in New
York the 2d of August, 1862. From that city he
went direct to Detroit, Mich., in or about whicli
place he remained until 1865, when he went to
Livingston County, Mo. Here lie remained for a

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

279

3"eai', euiploj'ed for the greater part of that time in
running a sawmill. He next crossed the plains to
Denver, Col., driving a mule team and making one
round trip, which consumed about two months.
He tlien returned to Denver and entered the em-
ploy of a stage company, being on the route from
Denver to Living Springs, for over a year. At the
expiration of this time he started a hay ranch, four-
teen miles west of Living Springs, Col. He lived
upon this ranch about nine months, when he returned
to St. Joseph, Mo., where he remained for over a
year, suffering from rheumatism, which had taken
so firm a hold upon his system that he was unable
to work. As soon as he had sufficiently recovered
to engage in light employment, he accepted a po-
sition as bar-tender, and after the expiration of a
year, entered upon the work of traveling agent for
a wholesale wine, liquor and grocery house of St.
Joseph. He remained in the employ of this estab-
lishment for about eighteen mouths, leaving it to
accept the position of travelling agent of an agri-
cultural implement house, which he retained for
nearly three years. In 1871 he visited his native
land, remaining about six months. During this
time he was married, and returning to America, he
settled in St. Joseph, Mo., where, ably assisted by
his wife, he operated a milk dairy for a period of
eight years. In 1879 he sold out and opened a
flour, feed and commission store, in which business
he continued successfully until 1883. At this time
he sold out his business and came to this county,
settling upon section 34. Franklin Township, where
he owns 160 acres of well-tilled land. Since his
settlement in Kansas, he has given his attention to
farming, in connection with which he makes a
specialty of raising Poland-China hogs.

The marriage of Mr. Hahn took place Sept. 7,
1871, his bride being Miss Ottilea Engler, daughter
of Prof. Carl and Caroline (Behrcnd) Engler. The
mother died in Germany, and the father is now a
resident of Home City. Mrs. Hahn was born in
Germany Jan. 21, 1852, and has borne her husband
nine children — Carl, Christian, Katie, George, Ot-
tilea, Gustav. Henrietta, Lena and Otto.

The home of our subject is one of those well-
kept places suited to the needs of an enterprising
farmer, and an intelligent family. The buildin2;s

are comfortable and attractive. Mr. Hahn is a
man of industrious habits, as his life well shows,
possessing in a marked degree the traits of charac-
ter, which make of him one of the most reliable
and energetic citizens of the township. His fel-
low-citizens have shown their confidence in his
ability by placing in his hands different school of-
fices. He is now a member of the Union Labor
party, though formerly in sympathy with the Dem-
ocrats. He has been President of the Society of
the Lutheran Church, of whicli he and his wife are
earnest and consistent membtrs.

4*; ,..5=<>^..4^

JOHN B. RESER, the subject of this sketch,
is most emphatically a self-made man in all
that the term implies. He was born in Au-
rora, 111., March 29, 1846, and came to this
county in 1870, locating a farm of 160 acres on sec-
tion 30, Clear Fork Township. His farm, then a wild
and unbroken prairie, has by his energy and enter-
prise been brought to its present state of cultivation.
It is now one of the model farms of the community,
well-fenced and possessing all the requisite buildings
and machinery for its successful operation ; it is in
every respect all that a farm should be.

The parents of our subject, Anthony Eeser and
his wife, whose maiden name was Phileta Soul,
were both natives of Ohio, and had nine children.
Almira J., now Mrs. Shedden; Armena, Mrs. Lath-
rop; Marilla, Mrs. Lewis; Charles W., John B.,
our subject, Alanson S., Dema M., Ella A., now
deceased, and Florence I. Dema and Florence are
unmarried. John B. Reser, our subject was brought
up and educated in Plato, Kane Co., 111. He after-
ward attended the Elgin Academy for two years,
where he acquired an excellent education which he
afterwards put to practical use by teaching school
in Illinois for seven years. He came to this county
in 1870, where he has lived ever since, except for
two years which he spent in De Kalb and Kane
counties. 111.

The wife of the subject of our sketch was Phebe
E. Ellithorpe, daughter of Stephen R. Ellithorpe,

280

t^ORTRAlT AND BtOGtlAtHlCAL ALfeUM.

of Burlingtou, Kane Co., 111. Born in Burlington,
she resided there with her parents until her mar-
riage with John B. Eeser, which took place Aug.
17, 1869. Of this union three children were born

Myrt L., Mettie A. and Ella A., a bright and

intelligent family of whom any parents might be
proud. - Although a prominent man, respected and
admired by everyone, Mr. Reser has never sought
public office, though he has served as Township
Trustee and was Township Clerk for three years,
and has also served for three terms as School Clerk.
Mr. and Mrs. Reser with their two eldest children,
are active and influential members of the Congre-
gational Church. They are deeply interested in
the moi-al and intellectual advancement of the com-
munity where they reside.

(^p^HOMAS J. MANN, a prominent and well-
M^\ known farmer and stock-raiser of Oketo
^^^f' Township, has, on section 23, one of the
best appointed and best managed farms in Mar-
shall Count}', and also one of the finest residences
within its bounds. Elsewhere in this Album ap-
pears a fine view of this beautiful structure, which
not only produces a favorable impression on the
exterior, but within is filled with evidences of
skilled hands and refined tastes.

Our subject is a native of Ohio, having been
born in Delaware Countj', June 20, 1839. He was
third in order of birth of the ten children born to
Eleazer and Lucy (Cook) Mann, natives respect-
ively of New Jerse}' and Ohio. The father, a son
of Shuey Mann, a native of New Jersey, was reared
in Ohio, where his parents had removed in the
early days of its settlement, and he there married a
daughter of Capt. Cook, an officer in the War of
1812. They spent the early years of their wedded
life in Delaware Countj*.

Our subject passed the most of his boyhood in
the State of his birth, and from his worthj' parents
received the careful training that so well fitted him
for his honorable and useful career in after life.

At the age of fourteen, a manly, active, self-
reliant lad, he left his old home and went to Iowa,

where he lived till he was seventeen years old.
Not content with the quiet life that he was leading
there, the spirited, venturesome youth desired to
see more of the world, and determining to visit the
Pacific Coast and find what life held for him there,
he pushed on across the plains and mountains to
Oregon and "Washington territories, the journej^ in
those anti-bellum days being fraught with dangers
and perils that the modern traveler, comfortably
seated in a luxurious Pullman car behind the swift
iron steed, knows not of. Our subject remained in
that part of the country one year, working in the
cabinet shop of Hergan & Shanler. He then made
his way to Idaho, where he was employed in split-
ting clapboards and burning coal during the three
ensuing years. At the expiration of that time he
invested some of his money in ponies, and with
them recrossed the plains to Jackson County, Iowa.

Desiring to become more settled in life and to
have a home of his own, Mr. Mann was soon united
in marriage with Miss Elizabeth West, and she has
been to him all that a true wife can be, ever faith-
ful to his interests, a blessed home-maker, a cheer-
ful helper, a wise counselor, a loving mother to
their children, and he gratefully acknowledges his
indebtedness to her in bringing about their pros-
perity. She is a daughter of the venerable Evan-
der West, formerly of Jackson County, Iowa,
now living in Seward County, Neb, Her mother,
Mary West, died in 1887. Mrs. Mann was the
second of seven children, and was born Nov. 15,
1842. Twelve children have blessed her marriage
with our subject, of whom the following six are
living: Charles, Herbert, William, Calvin, George
and Mary. Thej' have been carefully trained and
educated to be useful members of society-, and the
sons are all connected with the Methodist Episco-
pal Church, while in politics, thej' follow in the
footsteps of their father, and are ardent supporters
of the Republican party, and strongly in favor of
the temperance movement.

After marriage Mr. Mann settled down to the
life of a farmer, purchasing a farm in Jackson
County, Iowa. He managed it successfullj^ four
years, and then came to Marshall Countj', this
State, Sept. 10, 1869. being the date of his advent
here. He cast in his lot with the pioneers of this

RESiDLNct OF Angus M- Leod ,Sic 2G Oketo Township

/i/offm Half of New Town-sitc Marictta , Kn n.

Residence of T. J. Mann, Sec. 23. Oketo Township.

t>OftTfeAlT Aisrb BiOGRAPHtCAL AtWM.

^83

section of the county, and bought a farm two miles
east of this place, which he carried on till 1882.
In that year he disposed of it at a good price, and
going to Marysville opened a hotel in that city,
which he managed one year. At the expiration of
that time he came to Olieto and purchased his pres-
ent farm. Besides the trials that tiie Kansas
farmer often has to contend with in his agricultu-
ral operations,_Mr. Mann has had the additional bur-
den of seven years sickness from an abscess in the
back, caused by a runaway team, that nearly dis-
abled him, and would have completely unnerved
and discouraged a less resolute and strong-
hearted man. Notwithstanding these drawbacks
his success since coming to Kansas has been con-
spicuous, and he is numbered among the solid,
moneyed men of Oketo Township. He has a
model farm, comprising 240 acres of land, under a
high state of cultivation, 160 acres being in corn,
with a fine set of buildings for every needful pur-
pose, including a handsome residence, erected in
1887, and considered one of the best in the county.
Everything about the place is in perfect order, and
betokens the guidance of a master mind and hand.
Mr. Mann is engaged extensively in raising stock
of excellent grades, and handles ninety head of
cattle, sixteen horses and fifty-five hogs. During
tlie last two j'ears he has had the misfortune to
lose nearly 200 hogs a year. On his farm is the finest
living spring in the county, which furnishes water
for an artificial fish pond, ten feet in depth, fed
through two tanks and pipes, the cost of its con-
struction being §250, and this year he has had it
stocked with German carp, 1,000 in number.

Mr. Mann has had a wide and varied experience
in life, and as an intelligent observer and thinker,
has profited thereby. He is a fine t,ype of our self-
made men, and all that he is, and all that he has,
he owes to his own exertions, as when he set forth
in the world to make his own way therein, his only
capital was a sound intellect and a good physique,
together with a shrewd, ambitious, self-helpful
spirit. These same traits, while they have been
prominent factors in bringing about his prosperous
circumstances, make him an invaluable citizen, and
as a pioneer of this State, for so he may be denom-
inated, though not among the early settlers, he has

done good woik in aiding the development of its
wonderful agricultural resources and stock-growing
interests. He and his wife are valued members of
the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he has served
in the capacity of Steward. He is a member of the
local School Board, and is earnestly interested in
educational matters. He takes an active part in
politics, formerly afHliating with the Democrats,
but of late identifiying himself with the Repuub-
lican partJ^ He favors temperance legislation,
and every such worthy cause finds in him a strong
champion.

Mr. Mann, Mr. McLeod,and Jacob Lawson have
laid out jointly a town on the Ohio Ri verValley Rail-
road eight miles north of Marysville, the plat con-
taining forty acres beautifully situated on the Blue
River, and from the lay of the land it is bound to
make a fine village in the near future.

--^i^k-^t-ft

'^«^»<^to^

NGUS McLEOD, a young farmer and
stock-raiser of more than ordinary intelli-
gence and enterprise, is ably performing
his share in upholding the great agricul-
tural interests of Marshall County, and in him
Oketo Township finds one of the most active and
skillful members of its farming community. He is
a son of Alexander McLeod, of Marysville Town-
ship, a sketch of whose life appears on another
page of this work.

Our subject is the eldest child of his parents, and
was born in Scotland, March 25, 1856, being three
years of age when he accompanied the family to
America. He received his early education at
Kincardine, Canada, and later attended the public
schools of Bay City, Mich., and completed his
studies in the excellent Normal School at Emporia,
Kan. Thus liberally educated he was fitted for
any career in life that he might choose to adopt,
and he first entered the teacher's profession, teaching
one year in this county. Wishing to still further
equip himself for his work, he became a student in
Thomas J. Bryant's Business College at St. Joseph,
Mo., and pursued a full course in that institution.
After leaving college Mr. McLeod gave his at-

284

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

tentioD to farming, and has ever since pursued
that vocation, remaining with his father till he was
tweutj--six, affording him valuable assistance, and
at the same time gaining equally valuable experi-
ence in carrying on agriculture. He then began
farming on his own account, and has a valuable
farm of 280 acres, all in a body, and under excel-
lent cultivaiion, and supplied wit!) a suitable set
of buildings, including a neat dwelling, 'erected in
1884, and a substantial barn built in 1889. A
view of the principal structures on his homestead
is given on another page. His place is well stocked
and he handles about two car-loads of cattle each
year and the same number of hogs. This season
(1889) his well-tilled harvest fields have vielded
fine crops, so that he has a large surplus over what
his stock can consume. Bringing an active and
well-trained mind to bear upon the problems that
confront every earnest and thoughtful farmer as
to the best methods to be pursued in the cultiva-
tion of his own particular plot of ground, our
subject has met with the success that his efforts
merit, and he is already regarded as one of our
progressive and most successful farmers.

.January 1, 1879, Mr. McLeod and Miss Nellie
Taj'lor were united in marriage, and three children
have been born of their happy wedded life, namelj- :
Mary Bell, Alexander T., Archibald W. Mrs.
McLeod is the fourth child of Thomas and Mary
(iSinclair) Taylor, of St. Joseph, Mo., they having
had five children, of whom four are now living.
Mr. Taylor is a blacksmith by trade, but he owns
and operates a farm in Washington Count3', Kan.
Mrs. McLeod was born in Canada, and was about
six years old when her family came to the "States."
She received a good education in the public schools
of St. Joseph, and a careful training in the parental
household that well fitted her to preside over a
home of her own. Both she and her husband are
leading members of the Presbyterian Church, of
which he is an elder, and both are very active in
the Sunday-school as teachers, and he has been
Superintendent.

Mr. McLeod possesses excellent business qualifi-
cations, fine tact, and the cann}- thrift and keen
foresight, undoubtedlj- inherited from his sterling
Scotch ancestry, which are so essential to success

in any walk in life. Gifted with an irreproachable
moral character, he is reputed to be a model young
man, who is an honor not only to his family, but
to the communitj' at large. He is actively inter-
ested in politics, and in him the Republican party
finds one of its most honest and zealous supporters.
He has proved that he has all the qualifications
necessary for a public-spirited civic official, and he
has served Oketo Township as Clerk, filling that
office with characteristic faithfulness and abilitv.

"SI OHN KANE. For the past twenty years this
gentleman has been a busy, prosperous and
honored resident of Marshall County, and
both as a pioneer of the county and as a
veteran of the Civil War, merits and receives the
respect of all whose acquaintanceship or friendship
he has made. His farm is situated on section 34
in Herkimer Township, and is universally conceded
to be one of the best in the county, both in point
of fertilitj^ of the soil and improvements made upon
it b}- the owner. He is not onl}' interested in general
farming, but is a stock-raiser cf no small import-
ance, making a specialty of Durham cattle, Poland-
China hogs and Norman horses. In the raising of
these he has been uniformly successful, and has
been assisted financialh' by the selling of the stock
he has raised.

A resident of his present farm since 1879, our
subject has changed its outward appearance from the
primitive condition of nature to a"thing of beauty;"
where once wild animals ranged now the stock
quietly graze; on the old camping ground of the
Indians,the only lights visible are those shining out
with pleasant beams from friendly cottages ; the
forest trees, scattered here and there irregularly in
former years, now are outlined in graceful rows,
symmetrical and beautiful, against the blue of the
skj'. In the midst of the surrounding landscape,
as the principal feature visible to the eye, stands
the residence of Mr. and Mrs. Kane, a commodious,
recentlj' erected frame house. Near it is a flue orch-
ard of three acres, and in the background are corn-
cribs, barn and other outbuildings. On all sides

POfefitAiT AND BiOGRAf HiCAL ALBUM.

285

stretches the fair land, responding with almost
human sympathy to the work of the farmer, and
bestowing upon him bountiful harvests of grain
and fruits in season.

Mr. Kane naturally takes an honest pride in his
military record, |having fought for his country dur-
ing the period of the dreadful conflict between the
North and South. He enlisted in August, 1861, in
Company I, 38th Ohio Infantry, as a private. As
the terrible contest deepened and thickened, his
courage rose to the emergencj'. and with the neces-
sity for immediate action his soul laid aside every
fetter binding it to earth, and he was prepared to
even die for the land he loved. For personal bra-
very he was promoted to the rank of Sergeant in
May, 1864, a position he held until his discharge
at the close of the war. Beiow we mention some
of the battles in which he participated: Stone
River, Mission Ridge; .Jonesborough, Ga., thence
with Sherman on his march to the sea, an ever-to-be-
remembered march, during which the army was
under constant fire. At Resaca our subject received
a wound but was not disabled thereby. At Jones-
borough, in September, 1864, he received a gun-shot
in the left arm, which, although onl)' a flesh wound,
tore tlie muscles of the arm very considerably, and
still is a source of frequently recurring pain to him.
He took part in the grand review at Washington,
D. C, and was mustered out of the service July 22,
1865. Thus was terminated an honorable period
in the life of Mr. Kane, and although a time of
horrors, yet in the midst of the sorrows were a few
joys, and some pleasant and amusing occurrences,
to which our subject enjoys referring, and of which
he often thinks when memory goes back to those
hours of struggle.

Of Irish and Scotch parentage Mr. Kane was
born in Londonderry, Ireland, Sept. 12, 1841. In
the Emerald Isle he passed the days and years of
childhood, but when ten years of age came with
his parents, Henry and Mary (King) Kane, to the
United States. They took passage from Liverpool
in 1851, in the sail-ship "Fidalia," which was
anchored in New York harbor in thirty-three days
after leaving the shores of England. Continuing
iheir journej' westward the family setttled in Ful-
ton County, Ohio, and tliere the father died in a

few months succeeding his arrival in this country,
the date of his death being June 26, 1852, when he
had reached the age of forty-five years. The mother
survived her husband many years, and passed to
her Qnal rest Oct., 13, 1886. They were both mem-
bers of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, and
the paternal ancestors as far back as the record ex-
tends were natives of Ireland, while the mother's
people came from Scotland to Ireland many gener-
ations ago.

Preempting a claim of eighty acres in Herkimer
Township, this county, in July, 1870, Mr. Kane
there remained until 1879, and thence removed to
his present farm, buying 160 acres, later addino- to
it 140 acres, all then in a wild condition, upon
which few furrows had ever been turned. This
was the basis of his present possessions, and has
been the scene of his labors for these many years.
When peace had once more returned to bless the
country, and the tumult of war was being forgotten
in the excitement of business prosperity, Mr. Kane
turned his thoughts to domestic ties, and in found-
ing a home of his own, chose as his wife Miss
Sarah, daughter of Nicholas and Helen (Rector)
Simmons. This lady was a native of New York
and came to Ohio when a child in company with
her parents. The wedding celebration of our sub-
ject and his excellent wife occurred in Fulton
County, Ohio, on the 3d of September,! 865, and for
tiie next five years they resided in the county which
had for so long been their home, and where they
had so many warm friends. The parents of Mrs.
Kane, Mr. and Mrs. Simmons, also came to Mar-
shall Count}', Maj- 10, 1870, and located in Herki-
mer Township, where the father passed awa^^ in
1872, and the mother Jan. 25, 1888. They were
either natives of Germany or of direct German
descent.

The home circle was completed by the birth
of seven children, of whom two, John F. and
Lillian, were laid to rest by the grief stricken par-
ents. There remain to bless the home five ciiil-
dren, whose names are recorded .as follows: Albert
H., Mary E., William A, Leion W. and Lena T., all
at home. Politically, our subject aims in local
elections to cast his ballot for the one he deems
most competent to discharge the duties devolving

286

PORTliAlT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

upon him in official life, hut in general elections
he affiliates with the Republican party. AVhen he
first came to this county he not only had nothing,
and was $400 in debt, but now enjoys the possession
of a competence which will educate his children
and protect his age from want.

T' RCHIE P. McLEOD. Scotland may be
fltl}' described as a cradle of heroism.
Cowardice, either piiysical or moral, being
considered almost in the light of a crime,
by the noble people inhabiting either the highlands
or lowlands of the country whose soil was trodden
by such heroes as Wallace and Bruce, and their
followers. They are a brave, generous, thrifty,
intellectual, and for the most part moral and relig-
ious people. Liberty-loving, and intolerant of
oppression, their descendants in America, contrib-
ute not a little to the capacity which this country
has thus far shown to resist all abridgement of the
proper liberties of its citizens. The Scottish emi-
grant brings with hira not ouly his love of freedom,
but also a shrewd thriftincss that assures him a
living in an}- situation, and rnalies him a desirable
member of every community.

To this renowned and glorious people, celebrated
in song and story, romance and history, Archie
McLeod is proud to trace his ancestry. His par-
ents, Duncan and Barbara ^Patterson) McLeod,
were both natives of North Carolina, of Scotch
parenl.age. Mr. and Mrs. Duncan McLeod were
married in their native State, and made it their
home for some time, subsequently removing to
Georgia, where they remained one 3'ear. Thej'
then gathered up their belongings and emigrated to
Knox Count}', Ky., and lived there until a short
time previous to their death, when they removed to
Harrison Count}', Ky. They passed away from the
cares and trials of life in the latter county, leavinof
the heritage of a good name to their children.

Archie McLeod was born near Macon, Ga., on
Aug. 20, 1828, being the fifth in order of birth in
a family of six children, llis youth and early

manhood were passed in Knox County, Ky.. in
which place he remained till 1851, when he went
with his parents to Harrison County, where he fol-
lowed farming and also taught school; employing
himself in the latter occupation principally during
the winter months. He was engaged in the pro-
fession of teaching for the space of about ten years,
making Clay and Harrison counties the theatre of
his operations.

October 13, 1861. Mr. McLeod, then in the very
prime of life, enlisted, at Lexington, Ky., in Com-
pany B, 6th Kentucky Cavalry, and served with
true Scotch- American valor till Dec. 23, 1864,
when he was mustered out and honorably dis-
charged. Upon first entering the service he was
elected Orderly Sergeant, but was promoted for
distinguished gallantry in action, to the First Lieu-
tenancy of his company, in September, 1862, and
retained this rank till the time of his discharge.

In February, 1865, Lieut. McLeod departed from
his home in Kentucky and located in Illinois. He
bought a farm in Berlin, Sangamon County, and
made it his residence for about four years. In
September, 1869, he sold out his possessions and
removed to Marshall County, Kan. He home-
steaded land in Center Township, on Section 30,
and immediately began improving it, with the
intention of making it the permanent residence of
himself and family. All the work necessary to
make a comfortable home was pushed forward with
vigor and spirit, and he owns at present 167 acres
of well cultivated land. F'arming and stock-rais-
ing occuijies his attention exclusively. He m.akes
a specialty of Norman horses, and his intelligent
zeal has been rewarded with a large measure of
success.

Mr. McLeod has been married three times, his
first wife being Miss Frances Kinney, to whom he
was united in Harrison County, Ky., Nov. 18,
1857. Mrs. McLeod was a native of Harrison
County, and six months after her marriage was
called away from the pursuits of life to enjoy the
beauties of a home above. About five years after
the loss of his first wife our subject was again
married, the Lady of his choice being Miss Garrard,
a native of Harrison County. The wedding was
celebrated in the same county, on May 26, 1868.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

287

She became the mother of eight children : Anna,
William R., Barbara, Edward D., an infant who
died shortly after birth, Thomas, Ilattie and Ev-
erett. Mrs. Sarah McLeod died in Center Town-
ship, Marshall County, Jan. 11, 1862, leaving a
la]ge circle of friends and acquaintances besides
her family to mourn her departure.

September 11, 1884, Mr. McLeod was married
to Miss Francos J. Means, a sister of J. W. Means,
a sketch of whom appears elsewhere in this work.
Mrs. McLeod was born in Piatt County, Mo., Nov.
10, 1840. She is a well educated and very
intelligent lady, full3' able to occupy a leading
place in the community in which she resides.

Mr. JIcLeod has held the office of Justice of the
Peace for twelve years, in Center Township, which
shows the high regard for probity and fairness in
which he is held bj' his neighbors. He has also
been Township Trustee for one year, and in every
relation which it has been his lot to sustain toward
his neighbors has given unqualifiedly good satis-
faction. Politicalh', he is a Republican, and ma-
terially assists his party in all legitimate campaign
work. He is a fine, upright, energetic man, and
enjoys the respect and esteem of the entire district.
He has been an active and influential member of
the Baptist Church for about thirty years, and has
a character without a stain.

Ij^ RS. ELIZABETH ROBINSON. In no
" IV other countr3', perhaps, does a woman
11 have a better chance to support herself
and those depending upon her, when the
decree of fate demands that she make the effort,
than in so-called free America, but even here the
attempt is fraught with a thousand difficulties and
trials unknown to and not experienced by the
sterner sex. In the matter of recognizing and pro-
viding for the fact that a woman has the right to
make and provide for a home for herself and those
deijending upon her, owing to the taking away of
the natural head of the house or for any other rea-
son, the '-West" and Kansas especially is far in
advance of the Eastern States. A woman is recog-

nized as a citizen, and has more rights granted by
law than the doubtful one of paying taxes without
representation.

One of the noblest among the many noble women
of Marshall County, is the one whose name is at the
head of this sketch. Mrs. Robinson is a daughter
of Henry Nealy, who was born in Canada of Irish
ancestry. Her mother was Sarah H. Switzer, of
German ancestry. After marriage the parents set-
tled in Upper Canada, whore they lived continu-
ously until called upon to go hence. Mr. Nealy
was a farmer by occupation, but for thirty years
was Sheriff of the count}-. This couple became the
parents of four children, one son and three daugh-
ters. Elizabeth was the eldest of the family. She
was born in Newberg, township of Camden, Up-
per Canada, Oct. 20, 1828. She remained with
her parents till her marriage which took i)lace in
her native town, June 1, 1857.

John Robinson, the husband of our subject, was
born in England about 1817. He was only three
j-ears old when his parents removed to Canada. His
father was Thomas Robinson, his mother Mary( Wil-
lin) Robinson. Their death occurred in Canada,where
they had spent the greater portion of their lives.
John Robinson grew to manhood in the town-
ship of Smith, near Peterborough. He followed
the occupation of farming, and after marriage set-
tled near Peterborough, in Canada. They resided
there until the decease of Mr. Robinson, which oc-
curred June 21, 1872. They were the parents of
nine children, named respectively, Henry N.,
George W., Isabella, Albert R., Sarah J., Victoria
E., Adelaide, Moreley P. and Frances E.

In the spring of 1871 John Robinson visited
Marshall County and purchased 362 acres of land
in Center Township, on sections I'J and 20, in-
tending to remove and locate on the |)lace he had
bought, but death intervened, his departure taking
place the following spring. Six 3'ears aftorw.ard
Mrs. Robinson disposed of her property in Canada
and emigrated to Kansas, locating on the land
which her husband had previously secured in Mar-
shall Count}'. She erected a handsome residence
and other good buildings, which she keeps in first-
class condition. She has also made other good im-
provements on her estate and operates it herself

288

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

with gratifying success. She has a fine farm which

is a credit to her and an ornament to the neighbor-
hood.

When a lovely maiden of nineteen, Mrs. Robin-
son confessed her faith in her Redenier aud united
with the Methodist Episcopal Church, in which
commnnion also Mr. Robinson found a religions
home. She takes a deep and abiding interest in
whatever concerns the welfare and prosperitj' of
the young, taking especial interest in educational
and religious affairs. In her labor of love for the
advancement of her friends and kindred in moral
and mental subjects, she is carrj'ing forward with
loving fidelity the work so uobly begun by her
husband. It may be truly said of Mrs. Robinson
that she is a " noble woman nobly planned."

.SS^feS-

/^ HRISTIAN BLUHM. It has ."been very
(ll n *''^i'y ^^^^ ^^^^ " ''^'1 ^' - architects of fate,
^te^ working in these walls of time." Some build
structures, fair in outward appearance, but with
eager haste and careless hand uprenred, so that the
seemingly perfect building soon totters on its mold-
ering pillars, wavers and falls. Othersfail to gain
even the outward symmetry and beauty .and discour-
aged and disheartened, retire from the midst of
the busj' workers, and in indolence, languidly and
listlessly watch other architects. But bappilj' many
there are in this world of action who erect eternal
monuments, commemorative of their perseverance,
honor and integrity, and leave these structures to
be examined by others, and to be admired both for
beautiful outward aspect and inward stability.

As one of these latter ones, we present the name
of Christian Bluhm, together with a brief record
of the most important occurrences in his life, a
long and active one, passed parti}- in the United
States, and partly in the Fatherland. A native of
Mecklenburg, Germany, Mr. Bluhm was born July
11. 1827, and was reared as other boys in his land
under the compulsory' education law. When he
had reached the age of twent^v-one years he was
united in marriage, in 1848, with Miss Sophia
Monk, daughter of William Monk, and a native of

Mecklenburg. Both the Bluhm and the Monk fam-
ilies for many generations, and as far back as the
family record extends, were natives and residents
of Mecklenburg, and also members of the Luth-
eran Church. On both sides the ancestars were,
without exception, people of worth and abilitj',
respected and admired for courage, thrift and in-
dustry. A few years after their marriage, Mr. and
Mrs. Blnhm, accompanied by their son, Joseph, left
their old home, and their friends aud relatives, to
seek a fortune in a newer country, and a richer
soil. In 1852 they made the voyage across the
ocean, taking passage from the port of Hamburg
in a sail-ship, the "Aleza," which made the trip to
New York in ninety days, so that the pas.=engers
landed Dec. 1.5, 1852. Crossing the State of New
York they reached Buffalo, without money, home-
less and friendless.

Manj' stout hearts have been disheartened un-
der less appalling circumstances, but our subject
went to work cutting wood at two shillings per
cord, ai.d his family lived on the pittance thus
earned until something better offered itself to them.
Securing emploj-ment in the cement works at Ak-
ron, N. Y.. the family removed to that city which
was their home until 1870. Then, in accordance
with the famous advice of one of our wisest and
most brilliant statesmen, the}' came West, and for
a time were located in Cook County, 111. Their
eyes still turned further toward the setting sun,
and Kansas became their home in the spring of
1S73. The first year of their residence here they
occupied rented land, but in 1874 Mr. Bluhm
erected the buildings on his present farm, which he
piu'chased in 1873. He is now owner of 360 acres
of fine land, in excellent cultivation, with pastures
and meadows, and inclosed by good fences. On
this homestead he has put up a commodious frame
residence, with a fine barn, and all the outbuildings
now considered essential to a modern farm. Real-
izing the importance of fruit to the development
and financial value of his land, he has set out a
fine orchard, and now has 100 bearing trees within
its limits.

The only child of Mr. Bluhm and his excellent
wife is their son, Joseph, the chief manager of the
farm. He was born in Mecklenburg, Germany,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

289

in November, 1849, but accompanied his parents
to their new home across the Atlantic in 1852.
Here he early learned to work, and became indis-
pensable to the home while yet j'oung in years.
He was mariied in 1876, to Miss Henrietta, daugh-
ter of William and Mar}- Kinka. This lady was
born in Mecklenburg, Germany, and came to Amer-
ica in 1868, her parents having died in Germany
prior to her emigration here. Her family are all
members of, and in sympath}' with the Lutheran
Church, to which she has devoted a great deal of
!ier time, and has earnestly endeavored to promote
the cause of the Gospel. Joseph Bluhm and his
wife have become the parents of four children, viz.:
George, Albert, Ernest and Augusta, all living
and receiving good educations in the home schools,
while at the same time they are becoming proficient
in various kinds of manual labor. Mr. Bluhm and
his son make a specialty of Poland-China hogs,
raising between 100 and 1 20 head each year. Hav-
ing arisen from an humble beginning to affluence,
the}' can look back on a past of honorable endeavor
and unremitting labor, with the pleasant conscious-
ness that their present prosperity is due alone to
their own efforts. They realize that thej' have
been aided also by encouraging words, and kind
actions on the part of their neighbors, who have
ever accorded them the highest respect, as is due
those who have promoted the interests of their
communitv. Politically, our subject and his son
are both Republicans.

■ -^m-

^ OHN ROLL. Among the many attractive
homes of this county none would more
quickly strike the eye of a stranger than
that occupied by the subject of this sketch,
and none would prove more attractive to those
who cross the threshold. The house is comforta-
ble and homelike in appearance, made still more
attractive by its setting of shade and fruit trees,
and is situated on section 10, Center Township.

The father of our subject was Frederick Roll, a
native of Switzerland. The mother, whose maiden
name was Anna Rolle, was also a native of that fa-

mous land, where the parents married and settled.
They emigrated to America in 1854, settling in
Tuscarawas County, Ohio, where they lived about
ten years. They then removed to Benton County,
Iowa, where they now reside. They had a family
of seven children, five sons and two daughters, our
subject being the sixth chiU in order of birtii. He
was born in Tuscarawas County, Nov. 29, 1854,
being about ten years of age when his parents re-
moved to Iowa, where he grew to manhood. He
made the best of his educational advantages and
acquired a good education at the common schools.
He continued to reside under the parental roof
until he was nearly twenty-three years old, when
he came to Brown County, this State. During the
first year of his residence he worked by the month
upon a farm. He then settled upon land which he
had previously' bought in that county, and there
he remained until 1882, when he sold his farm, and,
coming with his family to this county, bought 320
acres in the township where he has since been a
resident. He subsequently sold 160 acres.

Miss Maggie S. Pfister, to whom our subject was
married, in Brown County, Kan., Jan. 1, 1879, is,
like her husb.and, of Swiss descent. Her father
Christian and her mother Mary (Witchie) Pfister,
were natives of Switzerland but were living in
America previous to their marriage. Their home
was at Highland, 111., where Mr. Pfister died, Feb.
18, 1882. They had four children, of whom Mrs.
Roll was the second, she having been born at
Highland, 111., March 3, 1858. Mr. and Mrs. Roll
are the parents of six interesting children: Freder-
ick C, Anna M., Mary M., Lizzie M., Eva I. and
John W.

Mr. Roll is now an adherent of the principles of
the Union Labor part3% though formerly belon"--
ing in the ranks of the Democracy. He has been
entrusted with the cares of the school funds, hold-
ing his ofHce to the satisfaction of the community.
His farm has not only been thoroughly improved,
but upon it he has erected substantial and adequate
buildings for the carrying on of agriculture, and
in addition to this has set out a great number of
fruit and shade trees. He now owns 1 60 acres, and
he and his wife take great pleasure in their attract-
ive home. Both are worthy members of the Ger-

200

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

man Reformed Church. Not only is Mr. Roll a
good farmer and a reliable citizen, but he and his
wife are people of more than ordinary intelligence
and worthy recipients of the respect which they
receive,

JjOSEPH WILSON. Prominent among tbe
1 wealthy stockmen and farmers of this county
I is our subject, senior member of the firm of
' Joseph Wilson & Son, who occupies a fine
brick residence, surrounded by excellent farm
buildings, on section IG, Marysville Township.
The father of our subject, Joseph Butler Wilson,
was a native of Hudson, N. H. His mother was a
native of Massachusetts, her maiden name being
Harriet Crossfield. The parents first settled in
Maiden, Mass., where they lived until their death.
They were blessed with but two children, our sub-
ject and liis sister Harriet, who became the wife of
Cliarles Heath, and died in Maiden, Mass., in 1887.
Our subject was born July 29, 1820, passing his
early life in his native place, Maiden, Mass. His
father being a millwright he worked at that busi-
ness until the age of twenty-seven. He then went
to Lowell, Mass., where he was employed in a car-
pet machine shop for the period of two years. He
then took a position as foreman in a machine shop
at Brady's Bend, Pa., the shop being known as the
Brady's Bend Rail Works. Here he remained for
eighteen months, when he returned to the New
England States, and for six months was employed
in Providence, R. I. While here he was married
to Sarah Phillips, of Brady's Bend, Pa. Mr. Wil-
son moved to South Boston, Mass., and there fol-
lowed his trade of machinist for about six years.
He then started a iiotel and familj' grocery store
in the same place, which he carried on for about
four years. Returning to Maiden on the death of
liis father, he remained tliere eight years, building
several houses and speculating in laud. During
his early life Mr. Wilson was extremely fond of
hunting and made several trips to the West on
hunting expeditions. In 1872 he, with his son
Charles, then nineteen j'ears of age, came to Ind-

iana and engaged in hunting for an entire season.
Previous to coming to Kansas in 1873, our subject
sold his property in Maiden and Boston, and select-
ing Marshall Count}' for his home he located on
section 16, Marysville Township. Since coming to
this State he has given his attention to farming
and stock-raising, being one of the wealthiest men
of the township, where he owns about 900 acres of
land. In companj' with his son Charles, he makes
a specialty of breeding finePercheron horses. They
keep about 100 head of horses and about 250 head
of cattle.

Mr. and Mrs. Wilson have been the parents of
three children — Harriet E., who is the wife of
Colvin T. Mann, of Marysville; Charles B., the
junior member of the firm of Joseph Wilson &
Son, (for whose history see another page of this
Album); and Clara Belle, who died in her first
year in South Boston, Mass. Mr?. AVilson died in
Maiden, Mass., about 1866.

Although formerly an active member of the
Republican party, Mr. Wilson now supports the
principles of Democracy. He is not only the
owner of the fine farm mentioned but also of val-
uable propert}' in llie city of Marysville. That he
is an enterprising man speaks for itself in tiie posi-
tion he occupies among the stockmen of the sec-
tion. He is a very affable and pleasant gentleman,
one with whom it is a pleasure to meet, an honor-
able man in all his dealings in societ}', and enjoying
the hearty esteem of all who know him.

^ ^^ V-

■vfOHN T. BURKE. The future of our
I country depends upon the j'oung men of
j to-day, and as they are trained and reared,
^^ / so will the nation grow in enterprise, wealth,
and honor, or the I'everse. It is then with pleasure
that we can observe the worth and scrupulous
honesty of these young men who are to be the
presidents, governors, congressmen, and magis-
trates of our nation. They are to be law makers
and law observers, otherwise perils will attend the
years to come.

He with whose name we introduce this sketch is

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

291

one of tliose residents of Marshall County, who
will in time be in authority over others; for pos-
sessing those qualities which bring a man to the
front, and that enterprise which will make him
prominent among his fellow men, he will assist in
developing the vast resources of JNlarshall County,
so that she will continue to be as she has been in
the past, one of the grandest and most fruitful of
all those in the State.

Mr. Burke is a resident of section 6, in Cleveland
Township, where with his mother he has a fine,
commodious stone house, with a large barn and
everything essential to the conducting of a farm
on the modern scale. Politically, onr subject is a
strong Democrat, but refuses official honors. He
lias however served as Township Clerk four years,
two being in this township, and two while it was a
part of Vermillion Township.

Born May 28, 1861, to Edward Burke, a native
of County Roscommon, Ireland, our subject is thus
still in his early manhood, and has before him the
prospect of a bright, happy and useful future. It
may be well to preface the sketch of our subject
by first stating a few important facts in the histury
of his father. Edward Burke was born in 1826,
and the first years of his life were passed in the
Emerald Isle, whence he emigrated to the United
States in 1851. For a few years after his arrival
on these shores, he resided in Providence, R. I.,
then located in Wheeling, W. Va., and worked
on the great White Sulphur Railroad Tunnel near
Wheeling. In 1858 he removed to this county,
settling on section 6, in Cleveland Township, where
his family now live. Here he bought 160 acres
of Government land at $1.25 per acre, and upon
it built a homestead where he lived and died. It
was a wild country during the first years of his
residence here, being inhabited by Indians and
wild animals, deer, turkey and wolves being
numerous.

The wife of Edward Burke, and the mother of
John T., is deserving of more than passing notice,
as she was a faithful companion to her husband
during his lifetime, a sympathizing friend to all
around her in times of trouble, a sharer in every
joy, and a devoted mother, anxious only for the
happiness and welfare of her children. Her maiden

name was Margaret Dolan, and she was united in
marriage with Edward Burke, April 8, 1860. Her
father was Martin Dolan, who died at his home in
Ireland about 1869. She came to the United
States when a girl, and to her present home April
15, 1860. The first years of the married life of
Edward Burke and his wife were passed in hard
work, untiring labor. Their home was a round
log cabin with one room, 20 x 16 feet. The first
school ever taught in the district in which our
subject resides, was under the supervision and per-
sonal instruction of Mrs. Edward Burke, and was
conducted in the summer of 1862. At the time of
his death the father had by his enterprise and
business ability become the owner of 640 acres of
land. They had only one child, John T. Burke,
the subject of this notice. Edward Burke passed
to his final rest April 26, 1889, having attained
the age of sixty-three years. He was a man uni-
versally respected, sincere, honorable, living a life
above reproach, and charitable with the failings of
others as well as benevolent and philanthropic. He
was a member of the Catholic Church. The first
mass ever said in this locality by a resident Catho-
lic priest was iu the house of Mr. Burke, by
Father Fitzgerald.

Mrs. Burke in early times cooked in the old
Dutch ovens, and has three of them in her posses-
sion, prizing them as souvenirs of happy daj-s for-
ever gone. Were they gold-lined they could not
be more precious in her sight, and she will hand
them down to the next generation as heirlooms,
and relics of the pioneer days of Kansas. She also
has among other treasures the picture of •' The
Last Supper," which was a gift to her and hung on
the wall of the old log cabin for ten _years. In
those times the Indians would often prowl around
in their vicinity, sometimes even visit them, when
she would make them presents of such little trink-
ets as would delight their fancy and please their
eyes. Often too she would give them meat or
other articles of provision; indeed she feared to
refuse them anything the3' asked for, thinking that
were she to do so, thej- might take her only child.
Mrs. Burke is at present a hale, hearty, cheerful,
and loveable lady of fifty-six years.

Amid such scenes the youth of our subject was

292

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

passed, his education being received in St. Mary's
College, in Pottawatomie County. Kan., after
which he engaged in teaching school two terms in
the home district. Then the management of the
farm fell to him and he had to abandon teaching.
When John Burke was a lad the people used to
freight goods to Denver, and he would hitch his
dog to the wagon and haul corn from the old log
cabin to the house. This dog was a cross between
Newfoundland and shepherd, and seemed to pos-
sess almost human intelligence, attending John to
and from school and working in harness like a
horse. When John was in his third year he was
one day playing in the garden, and knowing that
the tea canister was almost empty, and seeing his
mother making a flower bed in the garden, he took
the last tea leaf that remained and planted it in
his flower bed, observing to her that she would
soon have plenty of green tea.

In their pleasant residence our subject and his
mother live happily and cosily, and there they
welcome their many friends with gracious hospi-
tality, extending to all the welcome which is so
pleasant to receive and which they so well know
how to offer.

<^^ LEXANDER McMILLAN occupies a farm
mpi on section 22, Logan Township. The land

jlflM. is nearly all fenced, and the entire 160
(^ acres under cultivation or in pasture.

Though not so large as some farms in the town-
ship, tlie place is one of the most attractive, the
fields evincing careful tillage, while an excellent
house and adequate farm buildings, together with
a fine orchard of 200 trees, give evidence that its
owner is a progressive and painstaking agricultur-
ist. In addition to the usual products of a Kansas
farm, this one produces choice varieties of apples,
peaches, plums and cherries, together with various
small fruits.

The blood of patriots throbs warmly in the veins
of our subject, whose ancestors fought on many a
holly contested field for the inalienable rights of
"life, liberty, and the pursuit of liappiness." Before

entering upon his own history, a few words regarding
his family will not be amiss. Glancing backward
four generations we find John McMillan, who was
either of Scotch birth, or of direct Scottish ancestr}'.
He served in the; Revolutionary War, having at that
time a son, Arthur, who was old enough to carr}'
dispatches and make bullets for the soldiers. This
Arthur McMillan was born in Washington County,
N. Y.. and there married to Martha Duncan, also
of Scotch ancestry. He spent the most of his life
in his native State, both he and his wife dying,
liowever, in Illinois, when considerably past three-
score years and ten. Ho had been a soldier in the
War of 1812, as was his son James, the father of
our subject. James E. McMillan was a native of
Washington County, N. Y. He married Elizabeth
Haswell, a native of Vermont. They resided in
New York State for a number of 3ears, and in
that State their family of eight children, with the
exception of the youngest, were born. From the em-
pire State they removed to Illinois, thence to Min-
nesota, and thence to Howard County, Iowa, where
the}' died, aged eight3--four and eighty-five years
respectively. Of the mother's ancestry little is
known, as her parents died when she was but six-
teen years of age, and she left Vermont soon after.
Her father had published the first newspaper in
Bennington County, Vt., the sheet being called
The Farmer^ which name was afterward changed to
that of Vermont Gazette. After his death his son
and son-in-law continued the publication for several

years.

Alexander McMillan, the subject of our sketch,
was the eldest of his father's children, and was born
in Franklin County, N. Y., Sept. 28, 1821. He
was reared in the Empire .State until near the age
of eighteen, when his parents removed to Kane
County, 111. In that county our subject was mar-
ried to Charlotte, daughter of Jonathan and Sallie
llinsdell, a native of Tompkins County, N. Y..
who had come to Illinois with her parents about
the year 1837. The result of this union was three
children: Soprouia E., now Mrs. M. C. Calhoun,
whose home is in Dakota ; Lavina J., who married
William McKean, and died in Kingman County,
Kan., leaving seven children; and Sophia C, now
Mrs. W. E. Clark, who lives in DeKalb County,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

293

111. Mrs. McMillan died April 10, 1863, aged about
forty 3'ears, and our subject later married Anna
Van Vol ken burg, a native of Fulton County N. Y.
She has borne him three children: Burton A., who
died at the age of sixteen; Grace E., who died in
infancy; and Cora B.

On Sep. 12, 1861, our subject enlisted as a pri-
vate in Company I, 8th Illinois Cavalry, and
served gallantly until Feb. 28, 1863, when he re-
ceived an honorable discharge on the surgeon's cer-
tlBcate of failing ej'esight. During his period of
service he had taken part in the battles of Will-
iamsburg, Mechanicsville, South Mountain (Md.),
Antietam, Fredericksburg, and others. In April,
1877, he removed to this county, and located upon
the farm which he now occupies.

Jonathan Hlnsdell, father of our subject's first
wife, spent several years in the lumber business at
Mecklenburg, N. Y., and thence removed to Illi-
nois, in which State he spent his last da\'s as a re-
tired farmer in Elgin. The father of Mr. McMillan's
present wife was a soldier in the War of 1812.
Both he and her mother died when she was about
ten years old, in Xew York State.

Mr. and Mrs. McMillan are members of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, having high standing
in that societj'. Mr. McMillan is an enterprising
farmer, a reliable citizen, and justly respected for
his manv fine traits of character.

-!-H-§'=^^:f-W—

; OSEPH SMERCHECK. The interests of a
cosmopolitan population have blended finely
together in the settlement of Northern Kan-
(^^ sas, there having emigrated to it people
from nearly all countries, seeking the one common
purpose, usually of financial advancement. Many
of them are well educated people, and have exer-
cised no small influence upon the moral and social
welfare of their count}'. The subject of liiis notice
is one of the most intelligent men of his neighbor-
hood — well-educated and well-read, one who has
given more than ordinary thought to the "problem
of life," and is progressive in his ideas. Mr.
Smercheck has chosen farming for his calling, in

which he has been uniformly successful, making a
specialty of fine stock, including graded horses, and
has about forty head of Hereford cattle and 1.50
head of swine. He is also an apairist of consider-
able note, having thirty colonies of bees which he
cultivates as much for pleasure as the profit.
Around the homestead are fruits of all kinds, fur-
nishing the family with the luxuries of the season.
The dwelling is built of stone, surrounded with
ornamental and shade trees, while the barn and
other outbuildings aj-e neat and substantial, and
fully adapted to the shelter of stock and the sto-
rage of grain. The fann is 160 acres in extent,
and included in the estate is another quarter-sec-
tion a half mile south, occupied by one of the
sons.

The subject of this notice was born in the Aus-
trian province of Moravia, Feb. 2, 1839. His
father, Joseph Smercheck, Sr., was also a Moravian
and born in 1808. He was married in early man-
hood to Miss Theresa Ondrachek, who was a native
of the same province as her husband and son, and
born in 1818. They owned a large amount of land
in the old country and were the parents of six chil-
dren, three of whom are living.

Our subject remained a resident of his native
province until 1858, and then, in compan}' with
his parents and the three children living, set out
for America on the ocean steamer "Austria."
When out about thirteen days and in mid ocean
the vessel caught fire and was burned to a complete
wreck, only the iron work remaining. She had
started with 700 souls on board, and of this large
number only seventy-two were saved, forty-one of
these being picked up by a French bark. The par-
ents and three sisters of our subject perished, hav-
ing cast themselves overboard, preferring to meet
death by water rather than fire. Nine of the pas-
sengers got away in a boat belonging to the
steamer. Twenty-two others, including our sub-
ject, were rescued by a Norwegian vessel, the
"Catherina," after many hours spent on the burn-
ing ship. Our subject was ten hours in the water,
clinging to spars, ropes, and whatever he could
hold to. They were taken to Quebec, Canada. All
this time our subject had about his person the sum
of i|800 in money, which his father had given him

294

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

to take care of before starting. The dreadful ex-
perience can never pass from his recollection. His
bodily suffering was great, but bore no comparison j
the affliction he suffered in the loss of those who
were most dear to him on earth.

From the city of Quebec our subject repaired to
Racine, Wis, where he found relatives, and there-
after for a time attended school and worked for his
board on a farm. In the spring of 1860 he pur-
chased forty-five acres of land, upon which he
worked two years alone. He lived in Wisconsin
until 1865, then selling out, removed to Linn
County, Iowa, and purchased 100 acres, where he
sojourned until the spring of 1870, which wit-
nessed his advent to this county. He had in the
meantime been married, Nov. 21, 1861, to Miss
Ellen Smercheck, his cousin, and the daughter of
Frank Smercheck, who is now a resident of Blue
Rapids Township. Mrs. Smercheck was born June
10, 1844, in Moravia, and came with her parents
to America in 1856, they settling in the vicinitj'
of Racine, Wis. They are now residents of this
county.

To our subject and his estimable wife there have
been born two sons, the eldest of whom, Albin,
married Miss Emma Dvorachek, and operates the
other farm above described; they have one child,
Ella, now (1889) four years of age. The younger
son, William, is unmarried and remains with his
parents. Mr. Smercheck has made his mark in the
communic}', being a man of more than ordinarj^
intelligence and thoroughly posted upon leading
events. He has served as School Director in his
district, was at one time Clerk of the Board, and
in the fall of 1888 was elected Township Clerk of
Blue Rapids. Upon becoming a voting citizen he
identified himself with the Republican party, and
is fully in sympathy with the Union Labor move-
ment. In local politics he exercises a sensible in-
fluence.

Frank Smercheck, a brother of Mrs. Smercheck,
enlisted during the Civil War in the 26th Wiscon-
sin Infantry, and was severely wounded in the
lower limbs at the battle of Resaca, Ga.; he died in
1871. Three cousins of our subject also served in
the Union army as members of the 26th Wisconsin
Infantry. One, Joseph Sbytousky, was wounded

at the battle of Gettysburg and died in the hospital.
Another, Joseph Smercheck, served his full term
of three 3'ears, and although participating in all the
battles in which his regiment engaged, was never
wounded. The third, Vincent Smercheck, died in
a liospital near the city of Washington from the
effects of disease contracted in the army. Mr.
Smercheck has accumulated a good property, and
is a man generally respected in his community.

lr-S^)ICHARD B. MOORE, an honored citizen
11^ mid valued civic official of Marshall Countj',
which he represents as County Comrais-
;yjsioner, is a resident of Oketo, where he
holds the position of Postmaster. He is a fine tj-pe
of the noble heroes that composed the Union army
in the late Civil AVar, through whose valor our
grand Republic was saved from disunion and dis-
honor. He fought in many battles, and won a fine
military record, and by his gallant conduct gained
merited promotion from the ranks to be an officer
of his company. It gives us great pleasure to be
able to present a sketch of the life of tiiis veteran
to his many friends through the pages of this
volume.

He is a native of Chester County, Pa., and was
born July 4, 1839, on the anniversary of the Na-
tional holiday of our country, whose dearest in-
stitutions he was called on to aid in defending in
less than a quarter of a century thereafter. He
was of Quaker ancestry, and still clings to the faith
of his fathers. His parents, Ziba and Mary (Bell)
Moore, were natives of Maryland. After marriage
they took up their abode in Chester Countj^, Pa.,
and there dwelt in peace and comfort until death
called them hence. They were engaged in agricul-
tural pursuits. In their pleasant household seven
children, three sons and four daughters, completed
the family circle.

Our subject was the fifth child born to them, and
he was reared to the life of a farmer on the old
homestead in Chester County, and remained under
the parental roof until he was nineteen years of
age. Then a self-reliant, self-helpful, ambitious

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

295

youth, eager to see something of the world beyond
the bounds of his native county, he set out to travel
in the West, visited Ohio and Indiana, and even
pressed on until the Rocky Mountains reared their
imposing heights across the plains before him. At
the end of two 3'ears he retraced his steps to his old
Pennsylvania home, and there the breaking out of
the Rebellion found him quietly pursuing the vo-
cation to which he had been reared. He eagerly
watched the course of events in the South, and not-
withstanding he was a Quaker by birth and breed-
ing, and the peaceful doctrines of that faith had
been earl}' instilled into his mind, he cast aside all
such considerations, animated b}' a holy love of
country, the date of his birth perhaps being an in-
spiration to patriotism, and resolving to cast in his
lot with the brave fellows who had already rushed
to the defense of the stars and stripes, he enlisted
Sept. 1, 1861, in Companj' C, 97th Pennsylvania
Infantr}-, and did faithful service at the front for
three long and wear}' years. For his good soldierlj'
qualities and his bravery in action, he was pro-
moted to be corporal of his company, and later was
commissioned sergeant. He took an active part with
his regiment in the following battles: Fernandina,
Fla.; Ft. Clinch; Jacksonville, Fla. ; Ft. Wagner,
Ft. Gregg, and Ft. Sumter; accompanied the But-
ler expedition up the James River, Va. ; faced the
enemy at Drury's Bluff ; fought with them at Green
Plains, Va., and was a participator in other import-
ant engagements with the Confederates. He did
not escape unscathed from the heat of battle, but
was wounded at one time in the right shoulder by a
gunshot, and again in the left hip, and once more
in the right thigh. He was thus unfitted for active
service for nearly four months. He was honorably
discharged at the expiration of his term of enlist-
ment, and was mustered out at Philadelphia, Pa.
After his bitter experience of life on Southern
battlefields, our subject returned to his home in
Chester County. Pa., and continued to reside there
until 1874. being engaged for the most of the time as
agent for the Baltimore Ontral Railroad, at Avon-
dale, and the Wilmington, Western & Pennsylvania
. Railway at Landenburgh. From 1874 to 1876 ho re-
sided in Philadelphia, and during the Centennial he
was emplo3'ed as money changer for the Centennial

National Bank, at the entrance to the gates. In
January, 1877, he came as far westward as Elmore,
Ottawa Co., Ohio, and in the following spring made
his appearance in Hodgeman Count}', this State,
where he took up 1 60 acres of land under the pro-
visions of the Homestead Act. He remained there
until the fall of 1 880, and then removed to Em-
poria, where he lived but a few months, when he
again changed his place of residence, and coming
to Oketo in the spring of 1881, has ever since made
his home in this county. In the spring of 1882 he
purchased a farm in Balderson Township, which is
still in his possession, and which is under excellent
cultivation, and is fairly well improved. He gave
his attention to agriculture, continuing to live on
his Balderson farm until the spring of 1889, when he
removed into the village of Oketo, he having been
appointed to the position of Postmaster by Post-
master General Wannamaker to succeed B. B.
Tatman, receiving his appointment in April, 1889,
and taking charge of his office in the following May.
In the fall of 1887, he was elected County Commis-
sioner for this county, and is still serving in that
capacity.

May 15, 1869 Mr. Moore's marriage with Miss
Celina S. Moore, was celebrated near I{;imo, Ottawa
Co., Ohio. Mrs. Moore is a daughter of the late
Cyrus and Esther (Knight) Moore, and she was
born in Ottawa County, Ohio, Aug. 4, 1844. She
is a woman of pleasant, amiable disposition, and
infinite tact, and knows well how to make home
cozy and attractive to husband and children, and
their numerous friends. Two sons have been l3orn
to her and our subject, David I., and Clinton J.

Mr. Moore is a man of progressive views and
liberal spirit, with a frank, kindly nature that has
gained him a warm place in the hearts of a large
circle of friends, and he is an influence for good in
the community. He is scrupulously honest and
just in his dealings, and is regarded as the soul of
honor, and his fellow-citizens seeing in him one
who is in every way admirably fitted for public
life, have often called him to responsible positions,
and besides the office of County Commissioner,
which we have before mentioned, he has held a
variety of township offices, and has particularly in-
terested himself in educational matters. His pub-

296

PORTRAIT AND liiOGRAt>HtCAL ALBUM.

lie career has been without blemish, as he has
always conducted himself so as to promote the
highest interests of the town or county, and
remembering his course as a soldier, we may
add, and of his country. He is a valued member
of Oketo Post No. 477, G. A. R. ; and also of Lodge
No. 91, A. F. & A. M. of Marysville, and of Chapter
No. 222, Westchester, Pa. Politically, he is a stanch
Republican; religiously, he belongs to the Friends,
and is a true disciple of that faith.

eHARLES G. SCRAFFORD is the pioneer
banker of Summerfield, where he has erected
a tine Ijank building, 24 x 40 feet, wliich is
fitted up with a large flre-proof vault and burglar-
proof safe. The business was opened up the 9th
of May, 188'9, with the following officers: J. A.
Gilchrist, President; S. L. Davis, Vice-president;
C. G. .Scrafford, Cashier, and Ed. R. Felt, Assistant
Cashier. The Board of Directors consists of Frank
Thoman, D. E. Swartout, C. G. Scrafford, A. J.
Felt, R. M. Emory, Walter Spurling, J. E. Taylor,
.J. E. Gilchrist, and S. L. Davis. They do a gen-
eral banking business and make a specialty of loan-
ing money, of which they have always plenty on
hand.

Before entering upon the sketch of our subject,
a few lines regarding his ancestors will not be
amiss. The first of whom we have knowledge, is
Charles Scrafford, who early in the last century
ran away from his home in Germany and came to
America, having bound himself out to pay his
fare. Next in order is his son George, a Revolu-
tionary soldier under W.ishington, and later a par-
ticipant in the war of 1812. Next came Charles,
and following him George, who is the father of
our subject. To George Scrafford were born
twelve children, our subject being the eldest.
Three of the boys served in the Union army during
the late Civil War, and their father also offered his
services to the Nation.

C. G. Scrafford, of whom we write, came to
Kansas in the year 1856. At Osawatamie, fifty
miles soutiiwest of Kansas City, he secured a quar-

ter section of land and built a large log cabin. He
then brought his family, consisting of his wife and
one child, as far as Kansas City, where the boat
was boarded bj' border ruffians, who would not
allow them to land, saying that there were too
many Ohioans in the State already. Mr. Scrafford
found an opportunity', however, to land his family,
in the upper corner of the State among men of his
own views who would act the part of friends.
Since coming to the State he has spent three years
in Doniphan Count}' and thirty years in Nemaha
County. His family resides at Seneca in the latter
county, and all his business interests, except the
State Bank of Summerfield, are there.

Our subject was married to Justianna Lappin,
daughter of Finlej' Lappin, the pioneer of Nemalia
County. Mr. Lappin was the first white man to
settle on the town site of Seneca, which place he
named and where he is now living at the ripe old
age of eighty-seven. Mr. and Mrs. Scrafford have
reared three children, having lost their second son
b}- death. They are named respectively Josephine,
Frank, Fred, and Grace.

Mr. Scrafford received but a limited education in
his youth, but in later years obtained a practical
one, becoming very well informed. In his boj'-
hood he was a chum of General McPherson, who
made so gallaut a record during the late war. He
is a stanch Republican, in the principles of which
party he was bred. Religiously he is a Universal-
ist. He is a man of upright character, fine busi-
ness ability and one whose interest in Summerfield
will be to the advantage of that young city. Our
subject has been County Treasurer of Nemaha
County, .and has been Maj'or of Seneca several
terms.

\il AMES M. DAVIS. One of the first stock-
raisers and most prominent farmers of St.
Bridget Township, is the above-named gen-
gentleman who resides on section 28, where
he owns 320 acres, 200 of which are thorough!}'
cultivated. In addition to general farming Mr.
Davis makes sorghum sugar, for which he raises
from six to eight acres of cane. He has from

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

297

fifty to sixty head of cattle, seven to ten horses,
and about thirty-five head of hogs each year. He
occupies a well built and comfortable house and
has erected adequate farm buildings. He is a na-
tive of North Carolina, having been born in Hay-
wood County, that State, in 1850, and is the son
of Henrj' and Elizabeth (Curtis) Davis. His
father was a planter, and our subject was reared
upon the farm. He received a common school
education and when a small boy went three miles
to school. At about the age of twenty- one, he
left his home intending to go to New York, in-
stead of which he journeyed to Illinois. He
stopped in Champaign County and engaged in
farming, making his home there about nine years.
In 1876 he was attacked b}' the Western fever and
departed for the Black Hills, Dak., where he en-
gaged in mining. Those were troublesome times
in that section, where the sallies of the Indians
made life outside the forts and settlements, very
precarious. Gen. Custer and his gallant followers,
were engaged in daring service against the preda-
tory red men, whom they drove westward, but at
tlie expense of the bloody massacre upon the Little
Big Horn. Oui' subject spent a few montbs in
the Hills without striking pa^' dirt in any quantity,
and not being content with a "• grub stake," he
started eastward. He arrived in Brown County,
Kan., in July, 1876 without a dollar in his pocket.
He went energetically to work farming and em-
ployed with a tlireshing machine, in which business
he has been ver}' successful. In a short time he
was enabled to purchase a third interest, and two
j'ears later was sole owner of a fine new steam
thresher.

In that county our subject became acquainted
with Miss Linda F. Webster, a school teacher from
Meigs County, Oliio. She was a very energetic
and intelligent lady, and be justly thought her
sympathy and presence would round out and com-
plete his life. He won the lady's consent to be-
come his bride, and after their engagement she
returned to her home in Ohio. Eighteen months
later at the home of her father, Abraham Webster,
the marriage was solemnized, taking place on the
29th day of Nov. 1879. The young couple re-
mained in Brown County, for three years after

their marriage, and then bought a farm in Nehama
County. They improved the place and occupied
it for three years, when it was sold and the present
home purchased.

Mr. and Mrs. Davis have been blessed with four
children: Frank Lee, Pearl Elton, Eva Mabel, and
Cora.

Mr. Davis is liberal in his political views, though
he generally votes the Democratic ticket. He is
an enterprising and progressive business man, .an
intelligent and reliable citizen, and a man of up-
right character, who commands the respect of the
community.

R. WILLARD O. PACKARD. The famil-
|i| iar form of this gentleman is well known to
the peoi)le living around Mina Station and
vicinity, among whom he has discharged
the duties of his profession in that manner which
has gained him their esteem and confidence. A
native of Bridgewater, Mass., he was born March
14, 1820, and is the son of Willard and Hannah
(Smith) Packard. The parents, leaving Nevv Eng-
land when Willard O. was but a child, emigrated
to Cattaraugus County, N.Y., and settling on a tract
of new land sojourned there until our subject vv.as
a m9,n of twenty-five years. They then pushed on
further westward to Illinois, settling near Syra-
cuse, in DeKalb County, where they lived until re-
moving to Iowa .and taking up their abode with
their son, Albert P. There they spent thfeir last
years, dying at an advanced age.

The subject of this sketch was given a practical
education in the common school, and not long after
completing his studies, having chosen medicine for
his profession, he entered the office of Dr. Wm. N.
Langmade, of Cattaraugus County, N.Y., and in
due time commenced practice in Illinois. He re-
mained there until after the outbreak of the late
Civil War, and then on the 1st of January, 1862,
proffered his services to his country by enlisting in
Company A, 58th Illinois Infantry, under command
of Capt. R. W. Ilealy and Col. W. F. Lynch. The
company joined tlie regiment at P.aducah, Ky.,

298

l>OtlTiiAtT ANt) BtOGilAtntCAL ALbtJM.

and our subject took part in the battles of ¥t.
Donclson, Ft. Henry and Shiloh. At tbe latter
place his brother was killed by his side on the first
day of the fight and AYillard O. narrowly escaped,
several balls having passed through his clothing
and one through the front of his cap, and twice
the cartridges were knocked out of his cartridge-
box. Later he was one of those detailed to re-
move forage from a boat which was the first to
arrive after the fight. Mr. Packard, in carrying
large sacks of corn up the hill from the boat,
missed his footing and was doubled back and down
so that it caused partial paralysis, from the effects
of which he still suffers. The sight of his right
eye is also affected. On account of these injuries
he receives a pension of $12 per month. He re-
ceived his discharge for disability at the Marine
Hospital, located at that time in Chicago, Oct. 28,
1862.

Upon leaving the armj' Mr. Packard returned to
Courtland, in the vicinitj' of his old home, where
he remained until his recovery, which was effected
b}' his own treatment, including a galvanic bat-
tery. He suffered much with his left limb, wbicli
became withered to the extent that it could be
spanned by the fingers. His ordinary weight prior
to entering the army was 230 pounds, but the re
suit of his injuries was to reduce this to less than
110 pounds. He finallj' brought his limb to its
natural size.

The marriage of our subject with Miss Nanc}- E.
Crofi" was celebrated Feb. 22. 1852, in Belvidere,
111. This lady was the daughter of Ezra and
Marie 'Croff, of Belvidere, the former of whom
died in Courtland, 111., about 1875. Our subject
in 1877 removed to Montgomerj^ Country, Iowa,
where he lived on a farm and practiced medicine
when able four years. Then selling out he came
to this county and settled upon the eighty acres
which constitutes his present homestead. This is
pleasantly situated near the little station of Mina.
The Doctor makes a specialty of chronic ailments,
in which he has been remarkablj' successful, and
frequently in the course of his practice drives out
in the countrj' to the distance of twenty miles.

To tiie Doctor and his wife there have been born
six children, four sons and two daughters. Wil-

lard E. is married and the father of three daugh-
ters and one son. He lives on a farm of his own
two miles north and one mile west of Mina.
Jacob is married and the father of two children;
he lives on his own farm a quarter of a mile west
of his father. John W. is married and has three
children; he likewise operates his own farm a
quarter of a mile east of his father. Lucy Adell
is the wife of Wilbur Nash, who is engaged in the
lumber business in Toledo, Washington ; they are
the parents of four children, two sons and two
daughters. Sidney O. married Miss Emma J.
Ford, daughter of John H. Ford of this county,
and they have two children, a son and daughter.
Pauline Diana is the wife of C. C. Spiker; they
have two daughters and a son and live on a farm
near the Doctor. Our subject is thus pleasantly
situated, having the most of his children around
him. In politics he votes the straight Republican
ticket and socially belongs to Cortland Lodge,
No. 229, I. O. O. F., with which he has been identi-
fied for a period of twent^'-eight 3'ears. He is also
a member of Axtell Post, No. 253, G. A. R., and
with his wife belongs to the Baptist Church of
Marysville. His motto has been to do unto his
neighbors as he would be done by ; and he has
never figured as defendant in a magistrate's court
or lieen involved in any trouble with his neighbors.
He lias a comfortable property, sufficient to insure
him against want in his declining years.

<3'

-A— L

(>=A=^

(^^HOMAS W. WADICK is an enterprising
f/r^^ farmer and stock-raiser, who owns a fine
^^Jf'' farm on section 4, township 5, range 10,
Cleveland Township. He was born within twelve
miles of Brockwell, Lower Canada, Dec. 26, 1842.
His father was William Wadick, of Flora, Upper
Canada, where he emigrated in 1851, His mother,
whose maiden name was Mary Middleton, was of
Scotch descent. Her father and motlier were both
born in County Wexford, Ireland, whence tliej^
emigrated to Canada in 1839.

Our subject was the eldest of eight children. Ann

(c^^ri^

cn^X^

PORtRAit AND BlOGfeAPHiCAL ALBrTM.

361

is unmarried; Ellen E. and Mary, who are i^ the
convents at Monroe and Mt. Clemens, Mich. Ar-
thur, who is married and has four children, lives
near the old homestead in Canada; William J., who
is also married, and lives near the old home; Mar-
garet is the wife of an oflficer in the prison at To-
ronto, and has four children; and James, who is a
machinist in Toronto, Canada. Our subject came
to Palo Alto County, Iowa, in July, 1866, to Kan-
sas in April, 1872, and traveled throughout the
western part of the State, when he came back to
this place and worked nearly a year at his trade of
a stone cutter, particularlj- on tlie public school
building at Waterville. On the 10th of Novem-
ber, 1872, he bought 160 acres, where he has since
lived. He now owns a fine farm of 440 acres, well
stocked with graded Herefords, Poland-Chinas and
Berkshii'es.

Thomas Wadick was married Oct. 10, 1872, to
Miss Catherine Corteen, whose parents were na-
tives of the Isle of Man. Born and educated there,
she lived with her parents until she emigrated to
the United States in 18T2. By this marriage Mr.
Wadick has six children — William A., Thomas A.,
James F., Joseph E., Robert F. and Henry C.

Mr. Wadick began life upon but little capital;
he is a good, upright citizen, and of exceptional
intelligence. He is fond of his books, and possesses
an extensive law library. He and his famil)- are
firm Catholics, though his wife's parents are Wes-
leyan Methodists. He is a Republican in politics.

^. : sg^^ii^: : .^

ll^^ EV. JOSEPH WILSON, whose portrait on
)^^' another page, lends added value to this
<-^\ volume, is a minister of the Universalist
^^P Church, and Pastor of Grace Chapel, Frank-
fort, and is recognized as one well-fitted for the dis-
charge of his responsible duties. He was born
Sept. 22, 1831, in Westmoreland County, Pa., near
what is now known as West Newton, and is the son
of John and Elizabeth (Porter) Wilson, who were
likewise natives of the Keystone State. Both of
his grandfathers were natives of Ireland.

The father of our subject was a farmer by oc-

cupation, and when the latter was a child the parents
removed to Tuscarawas County, Ohio, settling near
New Philadelphia, and later located in the vicin-
ity of Princeton, Bureau Co., 111. There the father
died in 1870, the mother having passed to rest
when her son Joseph was four years of age. The
father was a second time married to Mrs. Lily
(Gorsuch) Karenhapock. Of the first marriage
there was born five children, namely: Year P..
James R., Samuel, Joseph, our subject, and Mary
M. Year P. is a resident of Denver, Col., and
President of the company known as V. P. Wilson
<fe Sons, publishers ; he married Miss Maria Dotts, of
Tuscarawas County, Ohio, and they are the parents
of twelve children. Samuel died near Abilene,
Kan., in March, 1886. Mary M. died in Illinois at
the age of twenty 3-ears.

When twenty-three years of age our subject was
united in marriage with Miss Jane Shaw, near New
Philadelphia, Ohio. Soon afterward they located
in the vicinity of Princeton, 111., where they re-
sided for seventeen years, and in the meantime our
subject purchased 173 acres of land near Walnut,
111. In 1871, leaving the Prairie State, he came to
Kansas and settled near Abilene, where he carried
on farming for five years, and improved two farms.
In the fall of 1876 he came to this county and
purchased his present farm which comprises a fine
tract of land 400 acres in extent. Mr. Wilson
makes a specialty of live-stock, also of fruit, hav-
ing an orchard of 700 apple and peach trees of the
best varieties. Upon his farm is a stone quarry
from which material has been taken for the con-
structi(jn of some of the best business houses in
Frankfort.

Mr. Wilson began his ministerial labors as a lay
preacher at the earlj' age of twenty-six years, and
has continued his pious duties since that time. He
is the only minister of the Universalist faith on the
line of the Central branch of the Union Pacific
Railroad. He completed his classical education in
the college at Delaware, Ohio,where he was a student
three years. Originally he was a Democrat, and
voted for James K. Polk, and after that he was a
strong Republican, until the organization of the
Greenback part}', and its consolidation with the
Union Labor party, of which he was the regular

302

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

nominee for State Senator in 1886, making a large
number of stirring campaign speeches in this
county, and coming within 116 votes of his oppo-
nent. He was a great admirer of Peter Cooper,
for wliom he voted in 1876. Socially, he belongs
to the Masonic fraternity, Lodge No. 67, at Franl?-
fort, in wliich he has filled all the Chairs besides
representing it in the Grand Lodge. He is also
identified with the Vermillion Lodge, No. 110,
L O. O. F., in which he is now Vice-Grand.
1 To Mr. and Mrs. Wilson there have been born
ten children, viz. : William W., John B., Mary E.,
(deceased), Uriah S., Vear P., Nora M., Viola P.,
David and two babes that died in infancy unnamed.
William W. married Miss Mary M. Bain, and has
four children. The other children are unmarried
and at home with their parents. Mr. Wilson is a
man of considerable ability, and is popular among
the people. His farm lies one mile northeast of
Frankfort, and is embellished with a large, hand-
some stone residence, occupying a prominent and
beautiful site in the northwestern corner of section
27. In addition to being a first-class farmer, he is
a good financier. He has served as Justice of the
Peace four years, and Collector, Clerk and School
Trustee, being a member of the School Board for
nine years. While in Illinois, he was also Township
Supervisor.

—5 #-# ^

AVID GUTHRIE. The rapid growth and
development of St. Bridget Township, is
,fi^^ due to the men who first took up their abode
here, manj' of them 'settling upon the raw
prairie, from which they have constructed first-
class farms and comfortable homesteads. Among
them may be mentioned the subject of this sketch,
who is snuglj' established on eight}' acres of land,
the whole of which he has brought to a good state
of cultivation. He makes a specialty of fruit rais-
ing, having devoted six acres to peaches, apples,
pears, plums, apricots, cherries, gooseberries, grapes,
currants, raspberries, strawberries, and whortle-
berries. His trees and vines are beginning to bear,
and he anticipates in the near future handsome re

turns from the outlay of time and labor. He has
a goodl}' number of forest trees, including a pecu-
liar specimen called the honej Mexican, which pro-
duces a very good qualitj- of honej'.

The dwelling of our subject is a small frame
house, comfortable, although not very commodious,
while adjacent are the various outbuildings re-
quired, including an apiary within which are sev-
eral hives of bees. The family includes seven sons,
wlio, it is hardly necessary to say, are the pride of
their parents' hearts. They are named respect-
ively, Jacob W., John S., Aaron A., David, Evans,
Alexander, and Franklin. One son, Milton A.,
died at the age of twenty months.

A native of Lee County, 111., our subject was
born March 6, 1846, at Guthrie's Grove, and is the
son of William Guthrie, who was born and reared
in the city of Cork, Ireland. The latter emigrated
to America when a young man of nineteen jears,
well-equipped with a good education and careful
training. Grandfather Guthrie had died in Ire-
land, when his son William, was a mere child, and
the latter was adopted by Capt. Rainer, a noble-
man of Cork, who treated him much as his own
son, giving him an excellent education. After his
arrival in New York City, the father of our sub-
ject operated as clerk in a store one 3-ear, then
made his way to Pittsburg, Pa., where he found
young men enlisting as soldiers for the Black Hawk
War. He also proffered his services as a soldier,
and was in the army five years. In the meantime
he was present at the capture of the old chief him-
self. Later, coming to Northern Illinois, he stood
upon the present site of Chicago when it was
marked b}' only nine houses. For one day's work
he could have become the possessor of an}- lot in
the village. He, however, made his way further
westward, and utilized his land warrant by secur-
ing land in the vicinity of what is now Guthrie's
Grove, in Lee Count}-, 111.

Our subject's father was united in marriage with
Miss Matilda, daughter of Joseph Ross, one of the
oldest pioneers settling on the eastern line of Lee
County, 111. Mr. Ross was a native of Virginia,
where he was reared to man's estate, and married
Miss Mary Hunt, of Charleston, Va. They spent
their last years in Illinois. When twenty-five

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

303

years of age, Mr. Guthrie went into Taylor County,
Iowa, where in due time he met and married, in
1872, Miss Eunice Easter, daughter of Jacob and
Bathsheba (Blunt) Easter, who were formerly of
Ohio. The Easters upon coming to Iowa, settled
in Van Buren County, where Miss Eunice was born.
Her parents are still living, and are now residents
of Taylor County, Iowa. After marriage, Mr.
and Mrs. Guthrie settled on a farm in Taylor
County, where thej^ lived nine years, and then re-
moved to Atchison County, JMo. A year later our
subject purchased in this countj- the land which he
now owns and occupies. It must be acknowledged
that he has contributed his full quota to the growth
and development of this region. His perseverance
and industry can scarcely fail of their legitimate
reward. He has obtained a fine start, and has
abundant reason to expect "continued prosperity."

1^4 — -^vSKZWrnu

„ ,, G. EDWARDS, M. D. Before entering
0| upon the life of the gentleman whose name
heads this sketch and who is a prominent
physician and surgeon of Marysville, a
few words regarding his parents will not be amiss.
His father, Joseph Eawards, was horn in Virginia
and there lived until his maturity, being a farmer
and stock-i-aiser. Moving to the famous Blue
Grass region, he married Miss Hannah Morgan,
who bore him four suns and five daughters, all
of whom lived to mature years. The father
continued the business of stock-raising, removing
to Clark County, III., in the year 1851, dying there
in the fall of 1856. The mother survived until
the year 1883. The parental family consisted of
William M., now a practicing physician in Colby,
Kan.; Giles, who died in the army, during the
late Civil War; Levi, now deceased; our subject;
Mrs. Matilda Maxie and Mrs. Malinda Bartlett,
now widows residing in Illinois ; Mrs. Sarah
Meeker, also residing in Illinois, and Mrs. Frances
Francis.

The subject of our sketch is a native of the Blue
Grass State, where he was born Sept. 15, 1837, and

where he remained until the age of fourteen, when
his parents removed to Illinois. In the latter
State he flnislied his education, graduating at
Marshall College, after which he studied medicine
with Dr. Frank White, professor of Materia Medica
in St. Louis Medical College. After having read
with Dr. White for sometime, Mr. Edwards took
his lectures at the college in which his instructor
was a professor, graduating in the class of '61.
Feeling that his country needed his services he de-
termined to devote the energies of his young man-
hood to her and therefore enlisted in the Union
service, being enrolled in the 1st Missouri Cavahy.
He was with his regiment but a short time, beino-
detailed to the post hospital at Jefferson Barracks,
then engaged at the post hospital m Jefferson City,
and later spending a year in the post hospital at
Raleigh, Mo. After this hospital experience he
spent some time in field service, then for eight-
een months was fulfilling the duties of his profes-
sion in the general hospital on Hickory street, St.
Louis, Mo. From this time until the close of the
war he was in the field, taking an active part in
the actions at Pea Ridge, Prairie Grove and a num-
ber of skirmishes. Although naturallj^ a large
man Mr. Edwards weighed only 130 pounds when
discharged from the service, his health havino-
been very much shattered by the arduous labors
and exposure of those years of active patriotism.
Soon after the close of the war our subject came
to Marysville and located for practice, and is now
the oldest resident doctor in the county.

During the busy days of hospital service in St.
Louis, Dr. Edwards found time for wooing, and in
1864 was married in that city to Miss Carrie
Wright, an estimable and educated lady. She w:is
born in Mobile, Ala., and was the daughter of I.
Wright and when a3-oung lady removed to St. Louis
with her widowed mother and lived in that city
until after her marriage. To her was born one
child, Lillian B., who still gladdens the hearts of
her parents in the home circle.

Dr. Edwards is the most trusted surgeon in the
county. For the last eight years he has held the
position of local surgeon for the St. Joseph and
Grand Island branch of the Union Pacific Railroad.
He was one of the original members of the North-

304

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

ern Kansas Merliual Society which was established
in 1884, and was its first president. He was also
at one time president of the Marshall County Med-
ical Association and is at the present time Treas-
urer and Censor of that body and Vice-Piesident
of the Railroad Medical Society of Grand Island,
Omaha & Kansas City. He also holds honorary
membership in the Nebraska Railroad Society. Dr.
Edwards was President of the Pension Examining
Board up to the time of Cleveland's administration.
He has been an active Republican worker but not
an office seeker and he belongs to the Central Re-
jiublican Committee of this Congressional District.
He is a man of more than ordinary ability as the
above facts will show, and is highly esteemed by
all who know him, not only as a well read surgeon
but as one of nature's noblemen. He is a member
of the Masonic fraternity. He is a warm personal
friend of Dr. Livingston of Plattsmonth, Neb.

j^^ EORGE WASHINGTON DUFFY, Sr. The

results of perseverance and industry have
^^^Jj! probably no finer illustration than in the
career of Mr. Duff}-, who is one of the leading men
of Noble Township. He settled within its limits
during its pioneer days, and has borne no unim-
portant part in bringing this part of the county to
its present condition. During the }'ears past he
labored earl}' and late, and is now in the enjoy-
ment of the reward which usually follows a course
of industry and the practice of economy. He owns
and occupies a beautiful homestead, embracing 320
acres of land, comprising a portion of sections 22
and 23. Public-spirited and liberal, he is a uni-
versal favorite in his community, both in business
and social circles, and especially prominent in the
Methodist Episcopal Cliurch.

Our subject is the offspring of an excellent fam-
ily, being the son of John Duffy, who was born
and reared in Ohio. Thence he removed during
his early manhood to the vicinity of Marietta,
Ohio, where he carried on farming until 1833.
Then, resolving to seek the more western country,
he emigrated to Illinois and entered a tract of land

in the vicinity of Bloomington, McLean County.
There he spent the last years of his life. He broke
a vast amount of prairie along the Rock River,
and was subjected to all tlie hardships and priva-
tions of pioneer life. He was a man of decided
views and an earnest supporter of the Democratic
party.

The mother of our subject was Lj'dia (McCoy)
Duffy, a native of Ohio and of Scotch descent. After
the death of her husband she sold her property
and removed to Dallas City, III., where her death
took place about 1880. She was a member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church. The parental house-
hold originally included eight children, of whom
George W., our subject, w.as the fourth in order
of birth. The others are named respectively :
James and Samuel, deceased; Joseph, a resident of
Dallas City, 111.; Susan, deceased; Mary, a resi-
dent of Kansas; Charlotte, who lives in Dakota,
and Elizabeth, a resident of Missouri. Samuel
during the Civil War served as a Union soldier in
an Illinois regiment, and died in Arkansas. Joseph
served his full term of enlistment.

The subject of this sketch was born at the old
homestead, near Marietta, Ohio, Nov. 27, 1827.
He was five years old when the familj"^ removed to
Illinois, and remembers the time when wild game
was plentiful in McLean County. He pursued his
early studies in the log schoolhouse, and was only
twelve jears old at the time of his father's death.
He remained with his mcjther until twenty years
old. He remembers the time when the present site
of Bloomington was simply marked by three or
four log cabins. He hauled grain to Chicago in
1842, and at the age mentioned began farming for
himself.

In 1850, during the gold excitement, our subject
crossed the plains to California, landing in Placer-
ville after a journey of four months. A few days
after his arrival he commenced teaming between
Placerville and Sacramento, at which he made con-
siderable mone}^ He spent a 3-ear on the Pacific
Slope, then returned home via the Isthmus of Pan-
ama and New Orleans, but with the intention of
revisiting the Golden State. Circumstances trans-
pired which caused him to change his intentions,
and in the spring of 1855 he repaired to Minne-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

305

sota, taking with liim his live stock, and located on
a tract of land twenty miles from Red Wing, where
he was one of the first settlers. He improved a
farm of 280 acres, which proved particularly
favorable to the raising of wheat, and which be-
came the source of an ample income. He effected
fine improvements, and this farm was designated
as one of the most valuable in that region of coun-
try. He made a specialty of live stock, breeding
French draft horses, and maintained his residence
there for a period of seventeen years. Selling out
in 1874, he came to this county and located on his
present place, purchasing first 160 acres of raw
land, and later adding to it a like amount. He has
constructed first-class modern buildings, having a
fine house and a good barn, with all the necessary
outbuildings for the shelter of stock and the stor-
ing of grain. A windmill conve3'S water to what-
ever point desired, and the farm is equipped with
modern machinery for plowing, sowing and reap-
ing. Upon this farm stand some of tiie oldest
trees in Noble Township. There is a large orchard
and a grove, and the land is watered by a branch
of the Vermillion. It is largely devoted to stock-
raising — in fact, nearly all the grain which it
produces is utilized in the feeding of cattle and
swine. Of the former Mr. Duffy feeds usually 100
annually, and about 350 hogs. He does his own
shipping. The operations of the farm are carried
on by three teams of fine draft horses, and are con-
ducted with that skill and thoroughness which sel-
dom fail of generous returns.

In McLean County, III., our subject was married,
March 7, 1849, to Miss Lydia Arnold. This lady
was born in Ohio, on the 7th day of November,
1830, and the result of her union with our subject
was the birth of six children, viz : Ann J., Mrs.
King, of Henry County, Mo. ; Anderson, who is
farming on 120 acres of good land in Noble Town-
ship; Ira, who is engaged in selling organs and
pianos in Nebraska; George W., Jr., who is farm-
ing in Noble Township; Frank B., who is engaged
in selling musical instruments and sewing machines,
having his headquarters at Seneca, Kan.; and Cora,
Mrs. Weston, who is the wife of a leading grain
merchant of Frankfort.

During his residence in Minnesota Mr. Duffy

was quite prominent in local affairs, holding the
offices of County Commissioner and Justice of the
Peace for many years. Here he has filled the same
positions, and has likewise served as School Di-
rector. He is an active member of the Methodist
Episcopal Church, in Vermillion, in which he has
officiated as Class-Leader and Steward. At pres-
ent he is a Tuistee, and assisted substantially in
the erection of the church edifice, besides being a
member of the building committee. He has been
sent as a delegate to various church conventions,
and is an active worker in the Sunday-school. Po-
litically, he votes the straight Democratic ticket,
and has been prominent in the councils of his
party in this section.

The father of Mrs. Duffy was John Arnold,
who was bom and reariid near Marietta, Ohio,
where he carried on farming during his early man-
hood, and thence emigrated to Hancock County,
111. In 1850 he crossed the plains to California,'
where his death took jjlace soon afterward. The
mother, Mrs. Mary (Kile) Arnold, was likewise a
native of Ohio, born near the early home of her
husband. After his death she removed to Good-
hue County, Minn., where her death took place;
she was a member in good standing of the United
Brethren Church. The four children of the par-
ental family were named respectivelj': Lydia, Mrs.
Duffy, Isaac and Samuel, residents of Vermillion ;
and ^lanly, who is farming in Noble Township.
Mrs. Duffy was born in Ohio, Nov. 7, 1830, and
was twelve years of age when her family removed
to Illinois, where she was reared to womanhood,
and where she lived with her parents until her
marriaije.

"-"^ 'i^^' 1^'-'—

I OCHESTER SWART is the owner and occu-
pant of a pleasant farm on section 9, Wells
Township. He is a native of Bladison
\^ County, Ind., and was born March 26,
1845. He is a son of Gilbert and Lj-dia (Dun)
Swart. His father was a nativeof Virginia, and of
German descent, while his mother, who was born
in Indiana, traced her ancestry to Ireland.

Gilbert Swart, upon leaving his native Slate,

306

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

first settled in Ohio, and thence removed to Ind-
iana, and finally in the year 1864, to Knox County,
111. There his wife died in December, 1884, and
there he continues to reside. The paternal family
consisted of nine children, five of whom are now
living. They are: Arretta, wife of Alexander
Hamilton, of Illinois; Rochester, John D., of Ne-
braska: IVIai-ciis D. L.. of Illinois; and Elizabeth A.,
of the same State.

The gentleman of whom we write, was reared to
farm pursuits, and received a common-school edu-
cation. In March, 1864, bei.ng then nineteen years
of age, he enlisted in the Union Army, and was en-
rolled in Company E, 34th Indiana Infantry. He
participated in the engagement at Palo Alto, on the
Rio Grande River, where he was captured by the
enemy. After an imprisonment of four daj-s, he
was released on parole at Brownsville, Tex. He
was subsequent!}' exchanged, and continued in the
service until February, 1866, when he was honor-
abl}" discharged. He then located in Illinois, and
in 1886, he came to this county, and settled upon
the eighty acres which he has since made his home.
His land is fertile and well-improved, and its owner
is suceessfull}' carr3'ing on the pursuit of agri-
culture.

Mr. Swart is a believer in. and supporter of the
principles of the Democratic party, and never fails
to cast his vote in its interest. He is a member of
the A. F. ife A. M. Lodge. Not yet having found
the lady of his choice, Mr. Swart is keeping bache-
lor's hall. He is an industrious and upright man.
and highly respected bj^ bis fellow-citizens.

\T^ ENRY SPEALMAN. a highly respected
Ijj^' citizen of Oketo Township, where he is
J^^' profitably engaged in farming and stock-
(^) raising, was one of the pioneers of this
portion of Marshall County, and in perform-
ing the laborious task of reclaiming a valuable
farm from its wild prairies, he has greatly aided
in its development, and has materiall}' added to
its wealth. He is a native of the State of Penn-

sylvania, born Feb. 15, 1820, to John G. and Marj'
Spealman, also natives of the Ke3Stone State. An
uncle of our subject took part in the War of 1812.
His father was a blacksmith by trade, but subse-
quenth' devoted himself to farming. He and his
wife spent the early years of their married life in
Pennsylvania, finally removing from there to Mason
County, 111., of which they thus became early set-
tlers, and afterward casting in their lot with the
pioneers of Ogle County, that State. There the
father died twentj'-five years ago, and the mother
followed him to the grave two years later. They
had seven children, four of whom are now living.
He of whom we write was the sixth child of
his parents, and he grew to a robust, manlj' man-
hood amid the scenes of his birth, obtaining his
education in the subscription schools of the day.
At the age of twentj'-two he began life for him-
self, having previous to that time assisted his
father in his work. He was first employed in some
rolling mills in Columbia County, Pa. Two years
later he took a trip through the Southern States,
l>eing desirous to see something of the country,
and he spent the winter of 1844 in New Orleans,
working in a cotton press till Maj', 1845. We next
hear of him in Galena, 111., where he was em-
ployed in a brickj-ard. After that he returned to
Pennsylvania, and remaining there a year, he came
westward .again as far as Illinois, and continued to
be an inhabitant of the Prairie State till 1866. In
that vear he came to Kansas and located on this
spot, where he has ever since made his home. It
was raw prairie then, with no indications of its
jn-esent value as one of the most highly productive
and best improved farms in this vicinity. His was
the pioneer task of breaking the soil and prepar-
ing it for tillage, besides erecting suitable buildings
for everj' necessarj- purpose, and the condition in
which it now is, with its 240 acres all under fine
cultivation, devoted prineipall}- to the raising of
corn and oats, of which it yields abundant harvests,
with its fine orchard and beautiful grove of maples
and cotton-wood trees, planted by his own hands,
and with its comfortable dwelling and neat out-
Ijuildings, shows well the care, labor and money
expended in bringing about the great change.
In his marriage with Miss Sallie Ann Richart,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

which was consummated in Danville, Columbia
Co., Pa., June 27, 1817, Mr. Spealman was so fovt-
iinate as to secure the faithful co-operatiou of a
good wife, one who has been a genuine helpmate,
and has greatly aided him in the upbuilding of his
pleasant home. Though she has been an invalid
for a 3'ear, a patient and cheerful sufferer, yet she
is still the household guide. She is a native of Penn-
sylvania, one of a large family of children born to
John and Rachel (Funston) Richart, farmers of that
.State. Her marriage with our subject has been blessed
to them by the birth of nine children, seven of whom
are living, and two deceased: John R., James,
William, Mary, Andrew, Clara and Marquis. The
children have been all given good educations, and
and are well established in life.

In his career as a farmer, Mr. Spealman has
shown himself to be a man of sound practicality,
an excellent manager, and a good worker, and these
traits have been important aids to him in the ac-
quirement of his substantial propert}'. He stands
well in this community as a man and a citizen, and
has been true to all the relations of life that he has
sustained toward others, as a husband, father,
neighbor and friend. He has always interested
himself in public matters, especially in politics, and
the Republican part}' finds in him an active sup-
porter. He was formerly connected with the Ma-
sonic fraternity. He and his wife belong to the
Methodist Church, which has no more consistent
members within its folds than they.

307

►^»f^

C=^EORGE JESTER THOMPSON DILLE.
,^=- The career of Mr. Dille. one of the leading
^ citizens of Noble Township, presents an
array of interesting facts which are in the main as
follows: He was cradled at the modest home of his
parents in the vicinity of Wheeling, Belmont Co.,
Ohio, where his birth took place Jan. 18, 182G.
Two years later his parents removed to Indiana,
where, when of suitable years, the boy conned liis
lessons in the primitive log school-house, with slal)
seats and puncheon floor, and window panes of
greased paper. From a building of this descrip-

tion he was graduated at an early age, but im-
proved his opportunities for gaining useful
information by reading evenings, by the light
of a tallow candle. When a youth of twenty-
one years he started out for himself, leaving
the farm and commencing his apprenticeship
at the cooper's trade, in Eckmansville, in his
native State, at which he served three years.
Afterward he worked as a journeyman six months,
then returned to his parents in Indiana. In the
meantime he had employed his le'sure hours with
his books, and after passing the requisite examina-
tion entered upon his first term as a school teacher,
at the age of twenty. two years, in Hancock County.
He followed teaching winters thereafter, and em-
ployed himself at his trade in the summer until
1855.

In the meantime our subject, on the 3d of March,
1852, was married in Madison County, Ohio, to
Miss Amanda, daughter of William Creath, the
latter of whom was a native of Kentucky. The
paternal grandfather, William Creath, a native of
Scotland, emigrated to America and located in
South Carolina, where he employed himself as a
general mechanic. He served as a soldier in the
Revolutionary War, and later removed to Ken-
tucky and followed wheelwrighting in the Blue
Grass region for some time. Finally he went to
Madison Count}', Ohio, where he followed his trade
and died.

The father of our subject until reaching his ma-
jorit}' was employed in farming pursuits. Then
repairing to London, Ohio, he learned blacksmith-
ing, which he prosecuted in connection with farm-
ing in Madison County, and became owner of a
fine estate. He died at the old homestead in Madi-
son Count}', in 1871. He was a prominent man in
his community, and an Elder in the Presbyterian
Church. Grandmother Creath was in her girliiood
Miss Margaret Douglas, a native of South Carolina,
and the daughter of James Douglas, a cousin of
Stephen A. Douglas. She is now deceased. The
maiden name of the mother of Mrs. Dllle was
Mary Monahan, a native of New Jersey, and the
daughter of Peter Monahan, who was born in Ire-
land and emigrated to America when a lad of ten
years. He first lived in New Jersey and worked

308

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

on a farm. Later he removed to Ohio and located
in Madison Count}', where he lived until joining his
children in Lidiaua, where he spent his last days.
He was in sympathy, religiously .with tlie doctrines
of the Friends' Church. The wife and mother died
at the old homestead in Ohio, June 16, 1889, at
the age of eighty-five years. She was a member of
the Presbyterian Church. Of the fourteen chil-
dren born to her and her husband ten grew to
mature years: Owen is deceased; Amanda, Mrs.
Dille, is the eldest living; Silence is a resident of
Oregon: Margaret S. lives in Roolis Count}', Kan.,
Mary A. continues a resident of Madison Count}',
Ohio; William A. lives in Ross County, that State;
John, a minister of the Presbyterian Church, lives
in Phoenix, Ariz.; Abigail, Martha and Hannah
continue their residence in Madison County, Ohio.
Owen, during the first year of the Civil War, en-
listed in the 13th Iowa Infantry, and fell at the
battle of Pittsburg Landing mortally wounded.

Mrs. Dille was born near Mt. Sterling. Madison
Co., Ohio, May 20, 1827, and was the eldest
(laughter of her parents' large family. She was at
an early age trained to habits of industry, and
assisted her mother in spinning, weaving, bleach-
ing cloth and making the garments for the house-
hold. She remained under the home roof until lier
marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Dille began their wedded
life together in Elizabeth City, Ind., where our
subject followed teaching and also worked at his
trade until 1855. Then, deciding to seek the far-
ther West, he gathered together his family and
household effects and started by team overland to
Washington County, Iowa. They crossed the Wa-
bash River at LaFayette, Ind., the Illinois at Spring-
field, and the Mississippi at Burlington, Iowa, and
Mr. Dille purchased land and began the improve-
ment of a farm. His plans were interrupted by
tiie outbreak of the Civil War, as under the first
call for three-years men he enlisted, at the age of
thirty-five years, in Company C, 8th Iowa Infantry,
and was mustered in at Camp McClellan, near
Davenport. Soon afterward he went with his regi-
ment to Springfield, Mo., and engaged in various
skirmishes with bushwhackers. At Sedalia lie was
seized with a disease whicli the following year
compelled him to accept his honorable discharge.

After his nine months' service in the army Mr.
Dille joined his family in Ohio and later they re-
moved to Henry County, Ind. In 1863 he joined
a company of home guards which was sent after
the raider, Gen. Morgan, and followed him to the
Big Miami. In February, 1865, seeing little pros-
pect of peace, our sulsject enlisted once more as a
Union soldier, in the 147 Indiana Infantry. He
was mustered in at Riclimond, and with his regi-
ment assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and
held as Gen. Hancock's reserve. Mr. Dille states
that the declaration of peace between the North
and the South was the happiest event of his life,
but upon him, as upon thousands of others, there
fell a great cloud soon afterward, in the assassina-
tion of President Lincoln. Mr. Dille enjoyed in a
marked degree the confidence of his superior offi-
cers, and among others soon after the war was re-
tained to guard property in the Shenandoah Val-
ley, where he remained until Aug. 17, 1865, and
was then mustered out and received his honorable
discharge August 25.

Our subject now returning to Indiana, com-
menced again at the bottom of the ladder, having
not only lost his Iowa property but being 8500 in
debt. He established himself upon a small farm in
Henry County, which he rented and made a spe-
cialty of live stock. In the fall of 1872 he deter-
mined upon a change of location, and coming to
this county, purchased his present homestead — 160
acres. He has made all the improvements wliich
are upon it, setting out forest and fruit trees, the
latter including some of the choicest products of
this region. He lias 600 grape vines, which are
already the source of a snug income. He lias
deeded eighty acres of his farm to his son, Joseph
W. The balance is operated by other parties.

To Mr. and Mrs. Dille there have been born
seven children, the eldest of whom was Mary Ann,
who is deceased; David C. occupies himself as a
farmer and school teacher in Nemaha County. He
owns forty acres of land at America City, where
he is Principal of the High School; Joseph W.
operates the land spoken of; C. M. Clay, de-
ceased; Orinda S. has been a teacher for the past
ten years; Lulu M. is the wife of Mr. McCreary,
formerly of Kansas, now living in Portland. Ore.;

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

309

Vinnie remains at home with her parents. Mr.
and Mrs. Dille are connected with the Presbyterian
Church at Vermillion, which our subject assisted
in organizing, and in which he has been a Ruling-
Elder for ten j'ears. He has been active in the
Sunday-school, and in fact lias filled all the church
offices, excepting officiating as minister. He has
done a large amount of mission work throughout
the Presbytery of Highland and Topeka. Politi-
call}^ he was in early da3's a Free Soiler, but is
now one of the warmest adherents of the Repub-
lican party. He was ever the opponent of slaverj-,
and while in the army procured a piece of the gal-
lows upon which John Brown was hung, which was
cut in the shape of a heart, and wliich is now in the
possession of his son.

The father of our subject was the Rev. .Tosepli
Dille, a native of Washington County, Pa., and the
son of Caleb Dille, who was born in New Jerse3^
The latter was by occupation a farmer and stock-
raiser. He served in the Revolutionary War under
the direct command of Washington from the begin-
ning to the end of the struggle. Afterward he es-
tablished himself on a farm in Washington County,
Pa., but later removing to the wilderness of Bel-
mont County, Ohio, entered a tract of land from
tlie Government and improved a farm. Finally he
removed to Henry County, Ind., where he spent
his last days. He was a AVhig, politically, and a
Presbj'terian in his religious views.

The paternal great-grandfather of our subject
was Caleb Dille, Sr., a French Huguenot, who fled
from his native country on account of religious
persecution, and upon arriving in America settled
in New Jersey. He was a man of marked force of
character, and a leader in his community, by whom
he was held in high esteem. His son Joseph, the
father of our subject, lived on the farm until
twenty-two years of age, then entered the ministry,
of the Baptist Church, and became one of its most
prominent and efficient laborers. He entered land
in Ohio, and later emigrated to Indiana, in the
meantime laboring in the Master's vine}'ard, as his
strength permitted until his death, which took
place in Hancock Count3f, Ind., in 1875. He had
attained the ripe old age of eighty-four years. He
belonged to the old Free Soil party in the earl3-

days, and later was a Republican. During the
Civil War he kept himself thoroughlj' posted, and
maintained a lively interest in the success of the
Union cause.

The maiden name of the mother of our subject
was Elizabeth Thompson; she was born in Virginia
and was the daughter of Jester Thompson, a na-
tive of Delaware and a farmer bj' occupation.
Grandfather Thompson participated in the War of
1812, and spent his last days in Ohio. Mrs. Dille
died in 1856, at the age of fifty-four years. The
parental family included fourteen children, of
whom Mary, Daniel, Barbara, Hugh, Richard, Caleb,
Cinderella. David and Reuben are deceased. The
survivors are: Joseph, Nancy and Elizabeth Ann,
residents of Indiana; George, our subject; Squire,
living in Indiana. Caleb during the Civil War
enlisted, in 1862, in the 16th Indiana Infantry, and
served until the close. Squire enlisted in 1861, in
the 47th Indiana Infantry, and served until re-
ceiving his discharge for disabilitj-. Subsequently,
however, he was drafted and served until the close
of the war.

TEPHEN GREEN, who owns and occupies
a farm on section 8, Wells Township, has
been a resident here since 1871. He is a
native of Rushville, Schuyler Co., III.,
and was born May 19, 1841. His parents, John
and Ann Green, were residents of Delaware, and
the former is said to have been a relative of Gen.
Green of Revolutionary fame. John Green re-
moved from his native State, Clark County', Ky.,
at an early day, and later to Schuyler County, 111.,
at an early period in the history of the latter.
The family subsequently removed to Fulton, 111.,
where the parents resided many years. William
Green, a i:)rother of our subject, was a private in
the 84th Illinois Infant;y during the late war. A
half brother, Hinman Rhodes, enlisted in the 28th
Illinois Infantry, was elected captain, promoted to
colonel and finally became a brigade commander.
Stephen Green had but limited advantages in his
3'Outh, as his father having become disabled, he, at
the age of twelve, was obliged to assist in the sup-

310

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

port of the family. He was about ten years of age
when they removed to Fulton County. For a
number of years he had the main responsibility of
the family fortunes, and for a time was his parents
sole support. On Jan. 4, 1869, he was united in
marriage with Hettie Smith. The following year
he came to Kansas and for a short time made his
home in Nemaha County.

On entering Marshall County in 1871. he home-
steaded eighty acres of land on the section where
he now resides. There was an old log cabin on
the place and a few acres had been broken, but it
was principally in the primitive condition of the
Western prairie. Mr. Green had §27.50 in money
when he settled there, so, like all pioneers he has
had experience in the hardships and privations in-
cident to getting a start in a new countr}'. He
has been energetic and persevering and has won a
merited success. He is now the owner of 160
acres, well improved and cultivated and compris-
ing a comfortable home.

Mrs. Green was born in Pike County, 111., and
was a daughter of Tbaddeus O. and Abigail Smith.
She has borne her husband seven children: Fred,
Abigail, Anne, William, and an infant daughter
unnamed, are living; Maggie and Thaddeus are
deceased.

Mr. Green is a Union Labor man. He has served
as School Treasurer of his district. Not only in
the conduct of his own business but in the affairs
of the section, Mr. Green is a man of enterprise
and as such is held in esteem bj- his neighbors.

^ l>/ILLIAM MURPHY. This gentleman first
\joJi looked upon the country west of the Mis-
W^ sissippi as early as 1839, when a young
man twenty-two years old. He thereafter spent
about four j'ears in travel, and the fact that he
finally took up his abode in this county is sufficient
evidence that he found here advantages less
equaled by those of any other section. At least
he was contented to pitch his tent here in 1871 and
has since made his home within its borders. We
find him pleasantly situ.ated and the owner of a

good farm on section 27 in Clear Fork Township,
where he has transformed a portion of what was
once an uncultivated waste, into one of the best
farms to be found in this region.

The subject of this sketch was born in York
County, Pa., Oct. 29, 1816, and is the son of James
and Marj' (Smith) Murphy, who were likewise na-
tives of the Keystone State. His paternal ances-
tors were of Irish origin, and his grandfathers on
both sides of the house did good service in the
Colonial army during the Revolutionary War.
William was the third son of his parents and was
reared on a farm in his native county, receiving
a limited education, hut being trained to those
habits of industry and sentiments of honor which
have formed the basis of a strong and reliable
character and enaiiled him to become a man among
men. As before stated, he emigrated to the West
soon after reaching his majority. He remained a
bachelor until approaching the thirty-third year
of his age, and was then married in 1849 in Penn-
sylvania to Sarah A. Blaney, who bore him several
children of whom only one is living: James C. S.,
who is now living in Irving. The mother died in
1861. In 1863 Mr. Murphy contracted a second
marriage, with Mrs. Caroline Aikens, widow of
John Aikens, of York County, Pa., and the daugh-
ter of Levi and Margaret Schenk, of Pennsylvania.
Six children were born of this union, three of
whom survive, William, Belle and Valentine.

Mr. Murphy, after first visiting the West, re-
turned to his native State and came to this county
for permanent settlement in 1871. He preempted
160 acres of land on section 34, Clear Fork Town-
ship and at once engaged in its cultivation and im-
provement. Not long afterward, however, he
made an exchange of property, coming to his pres-
ent farm. Upon this likewise not a furrow had
been turned, and now looking around over his fertile
fields and his convenient buildings, with the other
pleasing accessories of farm life, it is hardly neces-
sarj- to say that be must have made good use of
his time since settling here. In due time he was
enabled to extend his possessions, and is now the
owner of 400 acres altogether. He has accumu-
lated his property by his -own industry and good
man.agement, not having received any financial as-

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

311

sistance from any source. Among the many self-
made men of Marshall County, there are few who
have ma'rle a better record.

Mr. Murphy politically is a sound Democrat.
He has served on the School Board in his district,
and as a peaceable and law-abiding citizen is the
encourager of those projects tending to improve
the county and elevate society.

^^^EOROE R. Fl'LTON.a man of mi
I'lj J— J business ahilily, occupies a high plo
"^^Sl the practical, successful farmers a

^^^EOROE R. Fl'LTON.a man of much sound

lace among
and stock-
raisers of Marshall County, of which he was a
pioneer, and in the improvement of a fine farm he
has materially contributed to its upbuilding. This
valuable piece of property is very pleasantly lo-
cated on section 34, Oketo Township, and here he
and his family enjoy life iu a beautiful home, rc-
jjlete with all the modern comforts and conve-
niences, his residence being the finest in this part
of the county, and with its tastefully laid out, pic-
turesque grounds, forms a pleasing feature in the
landscape.

Mr. Fulton is a descendant of sterling New York
ancestry, both his parents, John and Sally M.
(Greene) Fulton, being natives of the Empire
State, the former born near .Syracuse. The father
was a farmer by occupation, and became a pioneer
of two States, as subsequent to his marriage he
moved to Ohio, and thence to Ogle County, 111.
There he and his wife rounded out long and useful
lives, and united in life, were not long divided in
death, he dying in Februarj', 1887, and she three
months later. They had five children, four of
whom are now living.

Our subject was the second child in the family,
and he was born in Ohio, Aug. 18, 1839. He was
quite young when his parents removed to Ogle
County, 111., and there he was reared to a strong,
manly manhood amid the pioneer scenes that ob-
tained there in those days. His parents early in-
stilled into him those principles of honor and
integrity tliat have been his guides in after years,
and from them he inherited traits of thrift and

shrewd common sense that have contributed much
to his success in his career as a business man and
as an agriculturist. He gleaned a solid education
in the common schools, and at the age of twenty-
one established himself in business as a merchant in
Ashton, 111. He was so prospered in that venture
that at the age of twenty-three he bought in a
partnership with C. W. Barber in a general mer-
chandise store in Ogle County. In 1865 he severed
his connection with Mr. Barber, and formed a
partnership with C. K. Adams in Dement, now
Creston, 111., continuing in business with him till
1868. With characteristic foresight &nd shrewd-
ness, he saw the flue chance that an energetic busi-
ness man had for making money in the great and
growing young State oftjKansas, and he wisely de-
termined to invest some of his capital here, and turn
his attention to agricultural pursuits on this rich,
productive soil, and in 1869 we find him located in
Marsliall Count3% where with excellent judgment
he had selecteil his present farm as possessing many
advantages over other sites. It was then merely a
tract of wild prairie land, devoid of cultivation or im-
provement. It comprises 377 acres of choice, highly
productive land, all in a bod}' and under admirable
tillage, and supplied with a substantial, roomy set
of buildings and every convenience for carrying
on farming advantageou.sly, for in the busy years
that have intervened since his settlement here, he
has wrought a great change by the persistent force of
steadfast and well-directed labor. Four years ago
he erected his present handsome, commodious resi-
dence, the finest house in Oketo, at a cost of $3,000.
lie devotes much of iiis time to raising stock, and
handles about sixty-eight head of cattle, thirty
horses and two car-loads of hogs.

July 21, 1861, Mr. Fulton was united in mar-
riage with Miss Eliza "Woodcock, a daughter of
Sanford and Susan (Black) Woodcock. Her father
was a native of New Hampshire, and was a manu-
facturer of cards for woolen mills. Her mother
was a native of New Braintree, Mass. They had
nine children, five of whom are now living. Mrs.
Fulton was the youngest of the family, and she
was born in Leicester, Mass., March 22, 1840. She
is a true lady of superior culture and refinement,
and her education, which was begun in the public

312

PORTRAIT AKD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

schools of Worcester, Mass., was finished in an ex-
cellent private seminary in that city. Slie came
West to visit her sister in Illinois, and there met
and married our subject. Their union has been
blessed to them by the birth of seven children, of
whom three are living, as follows: Lena, Charles
and Myrtie. Lena has a decided talent for music,
which has been cultivated.

Mr. and Mrs. Fulton are people whose social
status is of the highest, and their pleasant, cour-
teous manners win them hosts of warm friends,
and their inviting home is the center of the most
charming hospitality, its inmates vying with each
other to contribute to the pleasure and comfort of
guests wlio ma}^ happen beneath its roof. They
are sincere Christians, and are earnestly interested in
the work of the Presb3'teriau Church of whieh they
are prominent members. A man of Mr. Fulton's
well-known force of character, influence and capac-
ity, cannot and ought not to be allowed wholly to
escape the responsibilities of public life, and he has
done his duty in that direction, devoting some of
his time to aiding his fellow-citizens in carrying on
the local government, has done serviceable work as
a member of the School Board, and has held the
office of Township Treasurer. He formerly affil-
iated with the Republican party, but the policy of
the L'nion Labor party more nearly meeting his
views, he has latterly given his allegiance to that
party, is prominent in its councils, and has been a
delegate to county conventions.

*®J,gi^OT?f»v«. -w^

|u^^ ENRY HUND, Treasurer of Richland Town-
)lfjlj ship, and a prominent man in his commu-
%^ nitj', owns and operates one of the best
\^) regulated farms in that region, comprising
140 acres finely located on sections l,t) and 18. In
connection with general farming, he makes a speci-
cialty of stock-raising, and by his industry and
good management has become well-to-do.

Mr. Hund came to Kansas as early as 1869, and
located upon a tract of land near the present site of
Beattie. A year later, however, he removed to
his present place, first purchasing eighty acres.

After bringing this to a good state of cultivation,
he purchased sixty acres more. He hiis one of the
oldest and finest orchards in this part of the
county, the trees being of his own planting. He
also has an abundance of the smaller fruits, includ-
ing grapes, cherries and plums, with peaches and
pears. His homestead in all its appointments indi-
cates the supervision of an intelligent and enter-
prising man, who keeps abreast of the times, and
is not willing to occupy anj' secondary position.
His possessions are the result of his own industry
and perseverance, as he began life without means,
and his career is a fine illustration of what a man maj'
accomplish bj" industry and frugality. In his busi-
ness transactions he has conducted himself in such
a manner as to secure the esteem and confidence of
all who know him.

The early years of our subject were spent in
Germany, where he was born Dec. 31, 1835. His
father died when he was a mere lad, and when
Henry was a 3'outh of seventeen years, the widowed
mother with her five children set out for America.
Coming directly to the West, thej' located in Logan
County, 111., where Henry worked on a farm until
after the outbreak of the Civil War. On the 9th
of August, 1862. he enlisted as a Union soldier in
Company B, 106th Illinois Infantry, which was as-
signed to the array of the Tennessee. He was
present at the siege of Vicksburg, and after the
surrender of the cit}' repaired with his regiment to
Little Rock, Ark., and was engaged in scouting
and skirmishing with the enemj'. He was pres-
ent at the battle of Jacksonville, and during his
entire service of three years was neither wounded
nor captured by the enemy. After the close of
the war he was given an honorable discharge, Aug.
1,1865.

Our subject now returned to his old haunts in
Logan County, 111., where his mother still so-
journed, but he determined to seek his permanent
home in the farther West. He accordingly came
to Kansas in 1867 to look over the country, and re-
moved here two j'ears later. He remained a single
man until April 7, 1874, and was then married to
Miss Lavina Wolfgang, of Rock Township, this
countj'. Mrs. Hund was born in Jefferson Count}',
Pa., Sept. 12, 1852, and is the daughter of Jacob

JPORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

313

Wolfgang, who came to Kansas in 1870, and set-
tled in Rock Township, where he now resides. To
him and his excellent wife, Mrs. Sallie (Schwartz)
Wolfgang, there were born seven daughters and
one son, and six of the children arc still living,
making their home mostly in Kansas.

Jacob and Mary (Laux) Hund, the parents of
our subject, reared a family of five children, and
the father died in his native land, Germany, as
before stated. The mother came to this county
with lier son Henry, our subject, making her home
thereafter with him, and died Aug. 1.5, 1882, at
the age of sevent^'-tin'ee years.

//l^ IIRISTP:X JOIIN.SON. in driving about
(II the agricultural districts of this county, one

^^^^'^finds few homes which excel, or even equal
that of our subject, in beauty and appearance of
comfort. It is situated on section 16, Walnut
Township, and comprises 160 highly cultivated
acres. The dwelling is a large neatly painted frame
structure, situated about 100 yards from the road
to which it is connected bj' a fine drive-wa)'. The
door yard contains a number of beautiful flower
beds with walks leading through and around them
in different directions, and displaying much taste
in its arrangements. Everything about the home
is in a perfect state of oi'der and neatness, and pre-
sents a very attractive ajipearance.

Mr. Johnson is a native of Denmark, having
l)een born Aug. 5, 1845. He was reared in his na-
tive land and educated under its compulsory' laws,
and there learned the blacksmith trade. He came
to the United States on the steamship "Peruvia,"
making the voyage in about twenty-one dajs, hav-
ing left Liverpool the 16th of May, 1866, and ar-
riving in this country July 17. They were obliged
to remain off New York harbor six weeks on ac-
count of cholera on shipboard. Of the 700 emi-
grants on board, 120 died on tlie trip. After
landing Mr. Johnson came at once to Doniphan
County, Kan., where he worked as a farm hand
until 1873. He then went to Toledo, Ohio, where
he was eniplo3'ed on a railroad for several 3'ears.

He there married Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob
Miller, a native of Bavaria, Germany. In 1878
they came back to Doniphan County, where our
subject rented a farm, upon which he lived for
four years. He then removed to the farm where
he now resides. It was at that time open prairie,
but has been brougiit to a high state of cultivation
and improvement.

Mr. Johnson is a member of the Lutheran
Church, to which he had become attached while
yet in his native land. His wife was reared in the
same faith. His father. Christen, and his mother,
Nicolin (Hemming) Johnson, were members of the
same church, and they with their aneestr}', so far
as known, were natives of the .same place. Mr.
Johnson is a supporter of the principles of the
Republican party. He is much pleased with his
success since coming to Kansas, a success which
well illustrates his energj- of character, persevering
industrj' and business ability. His early educa-
tion was verj' thoroHgh, and he speaks and writes
five different langu.ages with readiness.

\t AMES S. MAGILL. This gentleman is the
oldest living resident, excepting one. in the
northern part of the county. Francis Linn
having been in JMarysville one month prior to
the arrival of Mr. Magill, who, having taking a pre-
emption claim, located five miles northwest of what
is now Marysville, reaching the Big Blue River,
July 8, 1856. The subject of this sketch was born
in St. Mary's County, Md., May 1, 1821, residing
there until 1845, having in the meantime received
his education at the common schools, but finishing
it at Charlotte Hall.

At the early age of fifteen years he left his home
to become a clerk in the mercantile business, fol-
lowing that vocation liutil he was twenty-one.
For the following three years he served as Deputy-
Sheriff and Constable, employing his leisure time in
the study of law. In 1845, Mr. Magi^ll removed
to Georgetown, S. C, and again entered the mer-
c.nntile business, and there on May 11, 1847, he
married Miss Ella M., the voungest daughter of

314

POUTRAlT AND BlOGRAtHiCAL ALBUM.

Capt. J. H. Christian. Mr. Magill remained in
Georgetown until tlie fall of 1848, when he re-
moved to Savannah, Ga., contiuuiug in the same
line of business until 18.51, when he located at
Marietta, Ga., in that year and engaged in busi-
ness until the spring of 1853, when he returned to
Savannah, and accepted a position as clerk and
book-keeper in a commission house, remaining
with this firm until May, 1856.

The Western fever, which was then raging at its
height, found in him a victim, and upon severing
his connection with the commission house he started
for Kansas, having been for two years deprived of
tiie society of his family. He came to Atchison
with a colony of South Carolinians, and upon his
arrival found Gen. Marshall with four or five men.

The wild condition of that country may be un-
derstood when it is noted that it was necessary for
the colonists to travel in companj', it being very
unsafe to cross those broad prairies alone, if one
had any valuables in his possession. That same
fall Mr. Magill took up 160 acres of land, and
made the usual improvements. Having an oppor-
tunity in 1860 to dispose of it, he did so and re-
moved to Marysville. Marshall County having
been recently organized he was elected District
Clerk of the County, a position which he held
until January, 1861, when he entered upon the
practice of his profession. In 1866 he was elected
Countj' Treasurer, filling that oflice for two terms ;
with this exception he has followed his profession.
At \arious times he has served as Justice of the
Peace, Citj^ Clerk. Police Judge, and one term as
Coroner. Mr. Magill was one Of the thirteen
original stock-holders wlio located the town tract,
and still owns part of it.

The country having been mostly settled by
Southern men, and these becoming scattered at
the breaking out of the war,it was impossible to have
a quorum from 1862 until 1886, when a sufficient
number were enabled to be present to proceed to
business. There is yet serious trouble in collecting
what thej- had early let go by default.

Mr. Magill has built a number of residences in
the town and is considered a public-spirited citizen,
a man whose influence is given for the benefit of
the community where he resides. Mrs. Magill

followed her husband in 1858, bringing with her
one child, but leaving the eldest at school. Of the
ten children born to them, but six are living —
Katie D., Mrs. P. H. Peters, now a resident of this
city, who ^as two sons — William J. and Magill;
Loj'al S., who married Miss Mary Rozine. and now
a resident of Hanover, this State; Hettie A., Mrs.
Daniel N. Kelly, of Marysville, who has three
sons — Roy, John J. and Harry; Harry W. and
Nellie P., who are members of their father's house-
hold; and James S., Jr. The children deceased,
died in infanc3\

Miss Ella M. Christian, wife of the subject of
this sketch was born in Georgetown, S. C, Oct. 6,
1831, and there made her home until her marriage.
Capt. J. H. Christian, her father, was a native of
Massachusetts, being reared as a sea-faring man,
and the last twenty years of his life was engaged in
steamboatiug on the various rivers near South Car-
olina; at the time of his death, being master and
owner of one and part owner of another vessel.
He was married in Georgia to Miss Catherine Fry,
and reared a family of four children — Eliza, who
married a Mr. McWilliams, now deceased ; Henry R.
at present is one of the agents of the Ocean Steam-
ship Company, Jacksonville, Fla.; Benjamin is
deceased; and Ella the wife of our subject. Capt.
Christian died in 1847, aged about sixty-eight
years; his wife removed to Kansas and died in
1867.

Mathew Magill, the father of James S., was born
in St. Mary's County, Md., in 1783. He married
Miss Dorotha Jarboe, and they had a familj- of
seven children (both parents dying when our sub-
ject's father was only three j-ears old.) Matliew
Magill was a farmer in St. Mary's County, follow-
ing that vocation until his death in 1837. His wife
survived him, dying in 1846. Of the children.
John F. remained in his native town engaged in
teaching and farming, and died at the ripe old age
of seventy-two jears; Susan A., who remained un-
married, also continued to reside in lier native
county, and died at the age of seventy; William H.
left St. Mary's County in 1839 at the age of nine-
teen years. His whereabouts is unknown; Benja-
min remained near home, having married and
reared four children, and died there; Charles A.

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

315

removed to Savannah. Ga., engager! in the commis-
sion business and 'lied in that fit}'; Ignatius, who
filled the position of station agent at Monk's Cor-
ners, S. C, died at that place. Consequently the
subject of this sketch is the only one of these seven
children now living.

A^ ARTIN V. B. HALL, one of the oldest
''' 'V settlers of Wells Township, is a native of
'■ Kane County, III., and was born Feb. 17,
1837. He was the son of Hiram and Eliza-
be! h Hall, his father being a native of Pennsji-
vania, and his mother of Virginia. The Hall famil}'
are undoubtedly of English descent, while his ma-
ternal ancestors are probably German. Our sub-
ject was the second in a family of four children.
When about three years old his parents removed
to Nodaway County, Mo., where he was reared and
received such education as the common schools af-
forded.

In 1858 Mr. Hall, in company with William
Trosper, came to this county, where he took up a
claim of 160 acres of land, about one and a half
miles west of the present city of Frankfort. These
primitive acres were improved by their owner, who
made them his home until 1862. He then returned
to IMissouri for a sojourn of two years, thence re-
turning again to this count}*, where for several
years he occupied rented land. In the fall of 1872
he settled on his present location, and is now loca-
ted on the northwest quarter of section 22, Wells
Township, where he has a cozy and pleasant home.
Mr. Hall has been a hard-working and industrious
man, and like all early settlers in a country, has
had his share of hardship and privation. The
first winter spent here after his marriage, he and
his wife lived for three months on corn coffee and
hominy.

November 24, 1858, Mr. Hall was united in mar-
riao-e with Miss Anna J. Trosper, the record of
which event is said to be the first made in Marshall
County. Miss Trosper was born in Nodaway
County, Mo., Jan. 4, 1844, and was a daughter of
William and Sarah Trosper, the former a native of

Kentucky, and the latter of Illinois. Her mater-
nal grandfather, Samuel Ferguson, was a soldier in
the Black Hawk War. Her father was twice mar-
ried. His first union resulted in the birth of six
children, four of whom are living, Mrs. Hall being
the eldest. The others are: John 8., now at Bio-e-
low, Kan.; Robert, and Emily J., wife of J. J.
Roper, of Washington. By his second marriage,
Mr. Trosper became the father of three children,
two of whom are now living — Sarah M., the wife
of Samuel Strange, of Marysville, and Amanda,
who is living at Bigelow, Kan.

Mr. Hall, politically, is a Democrat, and a hearty
supporter of the party measures. He is now serv-
ing his second term as Trustee of Wells Township
with credit not only to himself, but to his constit-
uents. He has served as Constable for three years,
and was for several years Clerk of the township.
Mrs. Hall is a member of the Christian Church, and
an active member of society. As an upright and
worthy man, and a reliable citizen, Mr. Hall is hon-
ored by the community in which he lives, and can,
with his wife, enjoy the fruits of their labors in the
consciousness of having assisted in the develop-
ment of a great and growing State.

^^?^EORGE J. WINI
lii g=, upon the life of o
^=i|l regard to his pai

WINKLER. Before entering
our subject a few words in
parents will not be amiss.
George J. Sr., and Tillie Winkler, were natives of
Germany, from, which country they emigrated to
America in 1852, settling in Westmoreland County,
Pa., where they breathed their last. They had a
family of three sons and two daughters, of whom
our subject was the fourth child and third son. He
was born in Germany, Dec. 12, 1842, and was con-
sequently about ten years of age when he came to
America. He grew to manhood in Westmoreland
County, making that county his home until his re-
moval to Kansas, May 6, 1878. In March, 1865,
he enlisted at Pittsburg, and served in the Union
army until the latter part of July. After being
mustered out of service he engaged in farming. In
May, 1878, he came to this county, living in

3i6

PORTRAIT AND BlOGRAtHlCAL ALfitlM.

Marysville for a ycav and then locating on section
3, Marysville Township, wliere lie is now living,
occupj'ing a finely improved farm of 160 acres.

While residing in Pennsj'lvania, Mr. Winkler
was married to Miss Margaret McCaule}', who died
in December, 1869, leaving one son, George E., who
was educated in the common schools of Pennsyl-
vania and this State, and also attended for a time
the State Normal at Fort Scott, and the State Ag-
ricultural College at Manhattan. He has been a
teacher for the last five years. His present wife is
Mary Jane, daughter of Jacob and Rosana ( Wills)
Karns, of German ancestry. She was born in
Westmoreland County, Pa., Aug. 12, 1845. She is
a very bright and intelligent woman, well fitted to
discharge the duties of wife and mother and to do
what woman can to elevate and brighten the lives
of those about her. Cordial and kindly to the
stranger within her gates, Mrs. Winkler's generous
nature finds its chief expression in her efforts to
make her home one to which her children in after
years may look back as the most attractive spot on
earth. Her marriage to Mr. Winkler took place in
Westmoreland County, Pa., July 4, 1872. To
them have been born seven children — Anna B.,
Rosana M., John F., Catherine M., Agnes A.,
Elizabeth J., and Lena M.

Mr. Winkler was formerly a member of the
Democratic party but has lately identified himself
with the Union Labor party, and both he and his
wife are communicants of the Catholic Church.

-i—

'^1, OSEPH C. DICKEY, junior member of the
firm of McCurdy & Dickey, liverymen, is
one of the most extensive farmers of Water-
Ml ville Township, where he has held manj'
offices of trust and responsibilitj-. He is possessed
of more than ordinar}' intelligence, and is one of
those stirring, energetic characters who prefer a
life of activity to one of indolence. He started in
life poor in purse, and by a course of economy and
prudence laid the foundations for a snug fortune
and enough to ensure him against want in his de-
clining years. He established his present busi-

ness several j'ears ago, and at the same time has
carried on his farm of 190 acres, a valuable piece
of property lying adjacent to the town limits.

Jefferson County, Ohio, is the native place of
our subject, and the date of his birth May 25,
1838. His father, William Dickey, was a native
of Pennsylvania, whence he emigrated to Ohio
when a j'oung man, settling in Jefferson County.
Later he removed to Coshocton County, where his
death took place about 1877 at the age of seventy-
five years. He was a farmer, merchant and car-
penter combined, and although never becoming
wealthy, accumulated sufficient to keep him in com-
fort during his old age. He liad served in the War
of 1812 during his younger years and was Justice
of the Peace for a long period. Religiously he
belonged to the Associate Reformed Church.

Mrs. Elizabeth (Beaston) Dickej', the mother of
our subject, was born in Baltimore, Md., and died
in 1867 at the age of fifty-five years. The paren-
tal household included ten children, seven of whom
are living. Joseph C, when quite young removed
with his parents from Ohio to Ft. Wayne, Ind.,
where he learned blacksmithing and worked at his
trade twenty years. Soon after the outbreak of
the rebellion he enlisted in April, 1861, in Com-
pany F, 12th Indiana Infantry, with which he
served one year and was then made a member of
Company D, 129th Infantry-. Shortly afterward
he was promoted to First Lieutenant and two
years later was tendered a captain's commission,
with which rank he served until the close of the
war.

Mr. Dickej' followed the fortunes of his com-
rades in the camp and on the field, and participated
in many of the important battles of the war, among
them that of Winchester, Va., and was at the bat-
tle of Resaca, Buzzard Roost, Kenesaw Mountain.
Peach Creek, Good Hope Church, Jonesborough,
.nil through the Georgia campaign, being at Frank-
fort and Nashville, and Kingston, North Carolina,
and in other minor engagements and skirmishes.
He was captured near Harper's 'Ferry in 1861 and
confined in Libby and Salisburj' prisons for a
period of seven months, being then paroled, then
enlisted in the 129th Indiana and continued till
the close of the war. He was mustered out of the

-^,1 » -^fe^M^ gaai^ yM-vAi«-«S»,S«y,rf&^'fe~^..

Residence OF Godfrey Lodholz ,Sec. 26. Richland Township

Residence OF David Heisse,5ec.2. Rock Township.

Portrait and BioGRAPHtcAL album.

gl9

service at Washington and leceived his honorable
discharge. Then returning to Manchester, Ind.,
he sojonrned there until 1868, and that year came
to this county.

For a period of ten years thereafter Mr. Diclcej-
worked at liis trade and in the meantime established
himself in the esteem and confidence of his fellow-
citizens. During the administration of President
Garfield, he was appointed Postmaster of Water-
ville and has served as Count}' Commissioner two
terms. He was at one time Clerk of the School
Board two terms, and served as Mayor one term
and member of City Council two terms. In Ma-
sonry he has attained to the Royal Arch degree.
He is also identified with the G. A. R. and the
A.O.U.W. In politics he uniformly supports the
principles of the Republican party.

Our subject was married in 1863 to Miss Cathe-
rine, daugliter of Lewis M. Stewart, of South
Whitley, Ind. The three children born of this
union were named respectivelj', William L., who
is in Kansas City, working at the tinsmith business;
Ray and Daisy are at home.

^^ ,^i^ 5-

|TP^,OBERT W. SMITH. For a period of
'L^ of twenty -three years Mr. Smith has wit-
(ii\V nessed the growth and development of
\^ Northern Kansas, and has been no idle wit-
ness of the changes which have transformed the
wide frontier into the abode of a civilized and in-
telligent people. There is no individual without
an influence, wherever he may be; he is either as-
sisting in the general advancement of his commu-
nity, or retarding its best interests by his lack of
enterprise. Mr. Smith most decidedly belongs to
the former class, having contributed in a marked
degree to the development of Marshall County.

A pioneer of 1866, Mr. Smith emigrated to this
region in the fall of that 3'ear, and settled in Clear
Fork Township, of which he has since been a
resident. His native place was in Armstrong
County, Pa., and he was born Dec. 30, 1838. His
parents were Robert and Sarah (Wray) Smith, the
former likewise a native of the Keystone State, and

the paternal grandfather was born in Ireland. On
his mother's side Grandfather Wray is supposed to
be of Scotch-Irish origin. Robert SV., our subject,
was the second child of his parents, and spent his
lioyhood and youth at the homestead in his native
county, where his father owned a farm, although
he was likewise engaged in mercantile pursuits,
having his business at Elder's Ridge.

Young Smith pursued his earl}- studies in the
common schools and completed them in the acad-
emy at Elder's Ridge, and afterward for a time of-
ficiated as clerk in his father's store. Naturall}-
intelligent and observing, he has alwaj-s kept him-
self posted upon matters of general interest, and
has qualified himself for the transaction of all
ordinary business. After about six months spent
in general merchandising on his own account at
lilder's Ridge, he, in the spring of 1860, decided
to cast his lot with the pioneers of Northern Kan-
sas. He accordinglj' packed up his stock of goods,
and crossing the Mississippi, established himself as
a general merchant at Barrett, where he carried on
business for nearly two years. Barrett at that
time consisted only of a corn and sawmill com-
bined, and, as may be supposed, there was little
call for his merchandise. He accordingly com-
menced the freighting of goods between important
points in the West, and in the pursuance of this
business traveled over the Rocky Mountains, being
thus engaged until the fall of 1866. He then es-
tablished himself on a tract of land near Barrett,
whence he removed to his present place in 1870.
The country around was thinly settled, and the
land which he acquired possession of was compara-
tively witliout improvement. It has required the
labor of years and the outlay of hundreds of dol- .
lars to bring his farm to its present condition,
provided, as it Is, with substantial buildings, and
the land brought to a good state of cultivation.
In addition to this propert}', Mr. Smith has a half
interest in 647 acres in the county.

Mr. Smith came to this region a single man, and
here found a wife and helpmate, being married in
September, 1867, to Miss Henrietta Edgar. This
lady was a native of Knox County, III., whence
she came to Kansas with her parents, in 1860, the
same vear as her husbami. To them have been

320

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

born six children, viz: Harry, William F., Sarah,
James, Edgar and Robert. Mr. Smith, politically,
votes tlie straight Republican ticket, and, as one
of the pioneers of the county, is prominently iden-
tified with the Old Settlers' Association.

Mrs. Smith was born in Knox County, III.,
March 5, 1841, and is the daughter of Thomas and
Martlia Edgar, both of whom were natives of
Kentucky. She lived there with them until a
youns lady of nineteen years, and then came to
this county. The parental family consisted of
seven children, five of whom are living: Mary,
Mrs. Hopkins, a widow; Henrietta, Mrs. Smith;
Jane, the wife of James Smith, of Topeka; Will-
iam, and Eebccca, Mrs. Frederick Brown, of this
county. The father of Mrs. Smith settled in Clear
Fork Township, improving a farm, where he spent
the remainder of his days, passing away in 1885;
the mother is living at the old home in this ton-n-
shii).

"\fl OHX JOERG. Among the many elements
which tend to the prosperity of our land,
the vigor and energ}' of her German citi-
zens have borne a prominent part. A fine
exanii)le of these qualities is found in tlie subject
of our sketch. Mr. Joerg was born in Kreuznach,
Germany, April 27, 1849. When three years old his
parents went to Milwaukee, Wis., where our sub
ject grew up and obtained his education.

John Joerg, Sr., the father of our subject, was a
farmer, and during his later years he lived a retired
life at Marysville. He died in 1884, aged seventj--
eight years. His wife was Miss Catherine Schild,
who bore him six children, five of whom are now
living. She now lives in this city, eighty-one
years old.

Until the age of eighteen our subject lived upon
his father's farm, six miles south of Milwaukee.
He then learned the carpenter's trade, at which
he worked in Milwaukee for about six years. He
then went to Chicago where he remained until
1871, when coming to Kansas he continued at his
trade at Blue Rapids for one year. Returning to
Milwaukee he remained a year and in 1874 moved

to Marysville, starting a steam furniture factory,
the first ever here. He brought two car-loads of
machiner3' and gave emplo3'ment to fifteen men.
In this business he continued three years, when he
sold out and engaged in other business. At one
time he was contractor and builder, having con-
tracts for building all the best houses in the town,
putting up twenty-one. About 1884 he put up
a good building and started a grocerj' store at
the corner of Broadway and Sixth street, where he
now has one of the largest groceries in tlie city,
also carrying on general jobl)ing business in poul-
try and eggs, buying as much as any man in the
city of Marj'sville. Since quitting the furniture
business Mr. Joerg has been a very successful bus-
iness man, having added to the size of his grocery
and building. He now owns four good buildings,
three fine residences and other city propert3'.

Our subject married Miss Agnes Rankseh, of this
city, Dec. 13, 1875. They have three children, all
living: Jennie Elinora, Albert John and Minda
Katie, all of whom are at home and will receive
good educations, and all the advantages for culture.
Miss Rankseh was born in Pennsylvania, in 1855,
and is the daughter of George Rankseh. who came
to Marysville in 1871, and here died in June, 1889.
The mother also died here.

The subject of our sketch was one of the early
and active members of St. Gregory's Catholic
Church, and has been instrumental in bringing it
up to its present high standing financially, being
one of the building committee, and an earnest
worker all of the time he has been here, as men-
tioned in the sketch of the Rev. Father Schmickler
and the Church. He votes the Democratic ticket,
and, though not an office-seeker, is now serving his
fourth term as Alderman of the third ward.

LEE MILLER. A cursory view of the
business portion of a town, gives the
stranger a better idea of its prosperity than
any other adjunct. So the visitor to Marj-svilie
notes with surprise and pleasure the large number
of business houses engaged in the successful pur-

l»OfeTfeAlT AND JBtOGEAPHlCAL ALfeUM.

s-n

suit of their legitimate object. Prominent among
these business houses is that of Mr. Miller, who oc-
cupies a large store in the Koester Block, with a
stock of drugs and stationer}', and every article
that goes with the first-class prescription and gen-
eral drug store.

The father of our subject, Jotham P. Miller, was
born in Westchester County, N. Y., near .Sing
Sing, in the year 1818. There he passed his early
life engaging in business in Sing Sing and New
York City. About 1849 he came to Wisconsin,
traveling by lake and settled in York, Dane Count}',
where he took up a new farm. This farm he im-
proved and on it he lived for many years, and at
last retired to Columbus, Wis., and afterward came
to Marysville, this county.

Our subject was married to Miss Sarah M. John-
son in 1849. He is the father of three children,
all still living, our subject being the eldest. The
second child, Joette, now Mrs. T. J. Morse, of Be-
loit, Kan.; Alia, who is still at home. For many
years before coming to Kansas he suffered with
asthma, but is now a hale and hearty man. He
belongs to the Republican party and is a member
of the Masonic order, and of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church.

Mrs. Sarah M. (Johnson) Miller v\as born near
Verona, Oneida Co., N. Y. When a young lady
she, with her parents, moved to Dane County, Wis.,
where she lived until her marriage. She was the
daughter of Elias O. and Phoeba Johnson. Our
subject was born in Dane County, Wis., Dec. 22,
1851. When he was six years old his father
moved to Columbus, where he w(as educated. After
leaving school he entered the drug store of Frank
Huggins, remaining for three years. He then went
to Sing Sing, N. Y., and for eight years was with
an uncle who was in the drug business. He then
came to Beloit, Kan., and established a drug store for
himself, carrying on a successful business for two
years. He then sold out and came to Marysville,
and buying out a drug store which had been es-
tablished three months, he has by strict business
methods and an agreeable manner built up a pros-
perous trade and a popular reputation.

Mr. Miller was married at Albany, N. Y., in
January, 1880, to Miss Stella Richtnieyer. The

result of this union is one child — Earl. While re-
siding in Beloit, Mr. Miller was elected Coroner of
Mitchell County, but moved away before qualify-
ing for the office. While not an active politician,
he has accepted an opportunity to serve the city a.s
member of the City Council, representing the
Fourth Ward. He is a member of the Knights of
Pythias, and a man very higlily spoken of, honest
and honorable in all his transactions.

^ OSEPH GORBUTT. Among those who took
part in the labors incident to the opening
up of Wells Township, and whose success is
due wholly to their own unceasing industry
and practical abilit}', is the gentleman above
named, who owns and occupies a fine farm on sec-
lioTis 14 and 15. His first settlement in Marshall
County was made on section 14, where he home-
steaded eighty acres of Government land. Deer,
coyotes and other wild animals roamed over the
prairies when he took possession of his claim.
Their haunts have now become a highly productive
and attractive estate. Since his first settlement,
Mr. Gorbutt has added eighty acres by purchase of
railroad lands, making his present acreage 160.

The gentleman whose name heads this sketch was
born in Woodford County, Ky., Jan. 10, 1836.
He is a son of Joseph and Johann Gorbutt. The
father was a native of Manchester, England, and
the mother of Paisle}', Scotland. They emigrated
to America when young, and finally married ;ind
settled in the Blue Grass State, where the father
died in 1869. The mother is now living in this
county.

Our subject was reared to manhood in his native
county and received his education in the common
schools, which at that time did not afford such ad-
vantages as at present. His father being a woolen
manufacturer, he was reared to that business, which
he followed until about thirty-five years of age.
In August, 1862, he enlisted in Company A, uLli
Kentucky Confederate Cavalry, which was first at-
tached to the command of Gen. A. Buford, and
later was transferred to tliat of Gen. Morgan. Mr.

322

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

Gorbutt participated iu tlie battles of Perrysville,
Stone River, and uumerous others of minor im-
portance. He took part in tlie celebrated Morgan
Raid in Oliio, and vvitli the brigade was captured
at Buffiiigton. He was confined at Camp Douglas,
Ohio, for about eighteen months. Receiving a pa-
role at the expiration of that time, he returned to
Kentucky and resumed the duties of a civilian.

On November, 1865. Mr. Gorbutt was united in
marriage with Sallie W. Dougherty, who was a na-
tive of Franklin County, Ky. The union has been
blessed Iiy the birth of five children. Annie and
Kittle are engaged in public school teaching, while
"William J., Rose and .John still reside under the
parental roof. In 1870 Mr. Gorbutt left his Ken-
tucky home and settled in this countj'. He has
not onh' shared in the privations of pioneer life,
but has also suffered from the elements. During
what is known as the "Irving cj'clone," that caused
so much destruction a few years ago, Mr. Gorbutt
lost all of his personal property, including house,
barn, etc. This clean sweep put him at quite a
disadvantage, but he has overcome his obstacles
and now stands upon a firm financial basis.

The gentleman of whom we write has served for
several 3^ears as a member of the School Board of
his district. He is a member of the Christian
Church. In politics he is a stanch Democrat. As
a man of upright character, and a citizen interested
in the upbuilding of the locality where he has made
his home, he merits and receives the respect of his
fellow citizens.

,T^LBRIDGE G. WILLIAMS. The kindly
1^ Christian countenance of Mr. Williams is
1*^ — ^ known to a large portion of the people of
Noble Township, among whom he has sojourned
pleasantly for many j'ears. His life career has
been interesting and varied, during which he
served as a soldier in the Union Army while the
late Civil War was in progress, and endured more
than the usual amount of hardship and privation,
which resulted in permanent injury to a naturally
robust constitution. He will not own. however,

that he has ever regretted offering bis life to the
service of his countr}-. which sacrifice he esteemed
no more than his dutj-. He is a prominent figure
in the G. A. R., and a very active member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church. Providence has
blessed him, finauciallj', and we find him pleasantly
located on a good farm of 160 acres, occupjing
the southwest quarter of section 23, in Noble
Township.

A n.ative of thb Buckeye State, our subject was
born at the modest homestead of his parents, near
Adamsville, Muskingum County, Feb. 19, 1837.
Tliree years later his parents removed to Hocking
County, making the journey overland with a team.
Elbridge was tiiere i eared to man's estate, receiv-
ing three months' schooling each j-ear in the prim-
itive log school house, which has been so often
described in this volume. In the meantime he
learned the arts of plowing, sowing and reaping,
and chose farming for his vocation in life. He re-
mained under the parental roof until reaching his
majoritj', at which time his father gave him eighty
acres of land. Upon this he went to work with the
ambition inspired by ownership, put up a log house
and iu due time installed within it a wife and help-
mate. He was wedded in Hocking County, Aug.
5, 1858, to Miss Rachel McKitrick, who was born
in Vinton Count}-, Ohio. They lived upon this
farm until August, 1862, when our subject laid
aside his personal plans and interests and enlisted
in Company G, 90th Ohio Infantry. He was
mustered into service at Camp Chase, and soon ac-
companied his regiment to the front. He partici-
pated in the battles of Perryville, Stone River,
Chickamauga, Chattanooga, and went with Sher-
man on the march through Georgia. Later he was
in the fight at Buzzards' Roost. Resaca, Dallas,
Peach Tree Creek. Kenesaw Mountain, and in fact
in most of the important battles of the war which
followed.

Mr. Williams, although experiencing many hair-
breadth escapes, was fortunately neither wounded
or captured hy the enemy, and at the close of the
war received his honorable discharge at Circleville,
Ohio, after a service of nearly three years. Fre-
quently in battle his clothes were perforated by
bullets while his comrades were falling around him,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

323

and frequently he felt the wind from the balls as
they rushed past his face. He was in sixteen reg-
ulai- battles besides skirmishes, which were some-
times equally dangerous. Upon retiring from the
service he returned to his farm in Ohio, which had
been managed by his vvife during his absence. He
lived there until 1871, then selling out in the fall
of that year, came with his family to this county
and located where he now resides, purchasing a
tract of wild land from the Chicago, Burlington &
Union Pacific Railroad Companj', for $8.50 per
acre. There were no improvements, and it is
hardly necessary to say that in order to bring it to
its present condition there has been expended a
large amount of time, labor and hard cash. Mr.
Williams broke the ground, fenced his fields, set
out forest and fruit trees, erected the buildings and
has now one of the most attractive homesteads in
this region. He raises corn in large quantities and
keeps considerable live stock, including cattle,
draft horses and swine. He has been, since leaving
the army, unfitted for manual labor, but his mind
remains vigorous and unimpaired, and he has dis-
charged the important duties of superintending his
farm in a most admirable manner.

Mr. and Mrs. Williams are the parents of two
children onl3' — Lizzie and Clark. Their daughter
is the wife of E. A. Coulter, a dairyman in Pawnee
City, Neb. Clark remains with his parents at the
homestead. It is hardly necessary to say that Mr.
Williams is a warm adherent of the Republican
party. He serves as School Director in his dis-
trict and has been School Treasurer for two years;
he is also Road Supervisor. He was one of the
most efficient members of the building committee
during the erection of the Methodist Episcopal
Church edifice, and has officiated as Steward in the
church.

The father of our subject was Gurden D. Will-
iams, a native of Muskingum County, Ohio, and
the son of Jesse Williams, who wns born in Mary-
land. The latter emigrated to Ohio during the
earliest settlement of Muskingum County, where
he entered land and cleared a farm of over 300
acres. There he spent his last years, dying in the
faith of the Bai>tist Church; he traced his ancestry
to England. Gurden Williams was reared to man's

estate in his native county, but in 1840 removed to
Hocking County, Ohio, where he cleared a farm
from the wilderness and became owner of 380 acres
of land in the vicinit}- of Logan, Ohio, where he
died Oct. 12, 1868, at the age of fifty -seven years.
He was a Republican, politically, and a member of
the Baptist Church

Mrs. Charlotte (Williams) Williams, the mother
of our subject, was the offspring of a different
family from that of her husband, but supposed
not to be related in any way. She was like
wise a native of Maryland, born near Baltimore,
and was the daughter of Stephen Williams, like-
wise a native of that State and one of the earliest
pioneers of Muskingum County, Ohio, where he
died. Mrs. Williams departed this life in Hocking
County, Ohio, in 1887, when nearly seventy-six
years old. The seven children of the parental fam-
ily', of whom our subject is the eldest, were named
respectively: Elbridge G., Harriet and Jesse, who
live in Hocking County, Ohio; Lucj^ Mrs. Hone,
of Noble Township, this county; Caroline, of Ohio;
Gurden and William; the two latter are deceased.

fflOMAS J. PLUNKETT. This honored
old pioneer ventured into the wilds of Kan-
sas as early as the spring of 1 858. The ap-
jiearanee of the country at that time can better be
imagined than described. The settlers were few
and far between, and the ground was mostly trod-
den by wild animals. The outlook was certainly
anything but prepossessing; but the men who came
to this region at that time were possessed of more
than ordinar3^ courage and were prepared for what-
ever emergency might arise. Our subject was no
exception to the rule, and "came to stay."

Upon arriving in this county, Mr. Plunkett se-
lected a piece of wild land and settled upon it. and
here he has since remained. This preemption claim
occupied the southeast quarter of section 8 in St.
Bridget Township, and under the careful cultiva-
tion of years has been made to assume a widely
different appearance from that which it presented

324

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

when the present proprietor first looked upon it.
He has now brought the land to a state of good
cultivation, and planted an abundance of fruit
trees, including several orchards of apples, peaches,
pears, cherries and the smaller fruits, of different
varieties. Mr. Phinkett was prospered in his early
efforts, being successful flnanciall.y. and has added
to his real estate until he is now the owner of 400
acres, all in a productive condition. In the early
days there was not even grass upon the land. Now
there is a rich growth of this green covering, under
the trees and about the home. For many 3'ears
the nearest market was at Marysville. In order to
get grass for his live stock Mr. Plunkett was
obliged to travel some distance to a slough. Now
there is an abundance of this kind of feed growing
of its own free will. One winter, a few years after
his settlement here, the snow fell to such a depth
that it covered a shed where Mr. Plunkett sheltered
his calves, and he dug a tunnel through to them
and led them out under the arch to water. Later
he encountered the grasshopper plague, and in his
own fields has seen them so thick that tiiey com-
pletely covered the blades of corn upon which
they would feed and leave not a vestige of when
taking their leave. In this manner they would go
through the whole field.

Mr. Plunkett has been a witness of many won-
derful changes since coming to this section of
country, during which time occurred the Pike's
Peak excitement, when on the trail just south of
his home there passed hundreds of tean's in a single
caravan, each usuallj- drawn by four 3'oke of oxen,
and seeming to travel day and night. As settlers
came in and it became necessary to establish lines
and boundaries, and organize townships and school
districts, Mr. Plunkett performed his share in the
good work. He was one of tlie original founders
of St. Bridget's Church, organized in 1859: he as-
sisted in the erection of the ciuirch edifice, and has
freel}' contributed in supporting the societj-.

The subject of this sketch was born April 3,
1829, ten miles from the city of Dublin. Ireland,
and was there reared almost under the shadow of
the famous College of Meynooth. four miles dis-
tant, although he did not have the privilege of at-
tending the institution. To this the British Gov-

ernment contributed £30,000, and it arose to such
importance that it is now named among the princi-
pal educational institutions of the world. Many
eminent men have been graduated from its halls,
and taken high positions among the noted charac-
ters of the nineteenth centur}'.

The parents of our subject were Alexander and
Bridget (Smith) Plunkett, natives of County
Meath, Ireland, adjoining County Dublin. Their
family consisted of six sons and four daughters.
The father was a farmer bj' occupation and in
moderate circumstances, but managed to give his
children a fair education. One of his sons, James,
was unusually bright, took readilj^ to his books
and became a fine scholar. He emigrated to
America, and settled in Cincinnati, Ohio, where
he operated first as a stone mason and later as a
contractor. Thomas J. Plunkett, our subject, left
the old country when a young man and settled
first in Connecticut. Later he, too, emigrated to
Cincinnati, Ohio, where he lived several j-ears and
occupied himself as a gardener. In that city he
was married to Miss Marj', daughter of James
Laird, an Irish gentleman who spent his entire life
upon his native soil. The young people soon
moved to Kentucky, and Mr. Plunkett was em-
ployed in building stone fences. About 1857 he
set out with his little family for the West, crossed
the Mississippi, aud located in the vicinity of Da-
venport, Iowa. This now flourishing city at that
time consisted of one unfinished hotel. Mr. and
Mrs. Plunkett were then the parents of one child.
Upon leaving Davenport, thc'y sojourned in Leav-
enworth City, this State, a short time and soon
afterwards established themselves in this county,
where they have since remained.

Our subject and his estimable wife are now the
parents of nine children, eigiit of whom were born
in Kansas. Their eldest daughter, Mary Ann,
(Mrs. Dyke) is married and the mother of three
children; she lives in Wymore, Neb. Josephine
obtained a thorough education and upon leaving
school qualified herself as a teacher, but failing
health compelled her to abandon this profession;
she is now an invalid. John, Thomas, James and
William, are at home with their parents. Maggie
is the wife of Mr. McCafferty, of Wymore, Neb.,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

325

where Mr. McCafferty is engaged as a painter;
tliey have one child. Kate is tlie wife of Nichohis
Ivi-ile3-, of Pawnee County, Net). ; thc\' live on a
farm and have two children; Sarah is unmarried
and remains at home with her parents. Our sub-
ject, politicall}', is a Democrat and religiously is a
member of the Catholic Ciuirch.

bORATIO N. FARRAR. Among the many
^ progressive and intelligent farmers of Mur-
._^^ ray Township, none take higher rank than
(^! the subject of this sketch, who is one of the
old homesteaders of the county, having added to his
original 160 acres another quaiter on section 5, and
the same amount on section 8. all adjoining and
making up a fine farm.

Our subject was born in Madison County, Ohio,
Dec. 30, 1841, and was reared and educated in his
native count}-, receiving the best advantages af-
forded there. He was of English descent, being
the son of Henry Farrar, whose biography occu-
pies another page in this work. When about twenty
years of age our subject went to Kentucky, where
he enlisted in the 1st Kentucky Infantry, his en-
rollment taking place Feb. 9, 1862, at Bowling
Green. Tlie regiment to which he belonged was
organized in Ohio, but not being able to obtain a
place in the army as an Ohio regiment, it trans-
ferred its enrollment to the adjoining State, Ken-
tucky. The regiment was under the command of
Col. Eryant, and later of Col. Guthre}', and com-
pany C, to which our subject belonged, was under
the leadership of Capt. Ralph Hunt. Twenty-
seven months after Mr. Farrar's enlistment bis regi-
ment was discharged, the time of regimental
enlistment having expired, and our subject served
on detached duty for the succeeding nine months
of his own term. While with his regiment he par-
ticipated in the battle of Shiloh, being in the thick
est of the fight, and receiving a flesh wound only,
though twenty of his company were wounded and
a number fell. His second engagement with the
enemy was at Stone River. He also participated
in the battles of Corinth and Chickamauga, in the

latter of which he saw hot shot and cannister to his
entire satisfaction. Mr. Farrar was a private dur-
ing the entire term of service, and is justly proud
of his military record in the ranks of those who
bore the brunt of the great conflict. While on de-
tached duty Mr. Farrar was for five months clerk
of Union Prison No. 3, of Lexington, Ky., and
there became familiarized with clerkly duties. At
the expiration of his three years' service he re-
ceived an honorable discharge, and returned to his
home. After a short sojourn there he went to New
York City, and for two years served as clerk for a
stock man. He returned again to the Buckeye
State, in which sometime later he was married to
Miss Martha Minter.

In 1870 Mr. Farrar came to this State and took
up a soldier's claim on the fractional part of Mur-
ray Township. At that time much of the town-
ship was unbroken. There was no post-offlce or
marketing place nearer than Frankfort. Mr. Far-
rar was a poor man when he came to tiie county.
and endured many hardships in the improvement
of his homestead. Undiscouraged by tiiem he
labored on, and being energetic, economical and
industrious he has succeeded, and now owns one of
the most highly cultivated and attractive farms in
the county. Since his marriage he has found an
able second in his wife, who is a very smart, active
and intelligent lady.

Mrs. Farrar was born in Adams Count}', Pa.,
April 19, 1850, being the daughter of Samuel and
and Mary (Hutchinson) Minter, both natives of
Pennsylvania, where they were reared, educated
and married. Her father, Samuel Minter, was of
German extraction, and her mother a native of
New Jersey, and of New England parentage. The
daughter, Mrs. Farrar, was but a small child when
her parents moved to Salem, Ohio, where they lived
for some years, from thence removing to London,
Madison Co., Ohio, where the father died in 1862,
at the age of forty-six. The mother survived him
until 1871, when she died at the age of forty. Mr.
Minter was a stonemason, and a very skillful work-
man. Both he and his wife were, in their latter
years, members of the Presbyterian Church. Their
family consisted of two sons and two daughters, of
whom one son, Oscar, died at the age of twenty-

326

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

two. The other son, Charles S. Minter, is with his
wife residing at Covtez. Col., where he follows the
trade of a blacksmith. One daughter, Flora, is now
a teacher in the public schools of Lancaster, Ohio,
being tiie widow of T. V. Clover. Mrs. Farrar re-
ceived the best of training in her earlj- }'ears. She
was educated in London.Ohio, and became a teacher,
ranking high in her profession. She is the mother
of eleven bright and interesting children, named
respective!}-: Robert K., Edwin O., Neil, Pearl,
Flora, Minter, Lena, Henry H., Homer T.,Dale and
Georgie, all of whom still cluster about the home
fireside.

Mr. and Mrs. Farrar are worthy members of the
Methodist Episcopal Church, in which Mr. Farrar
has held official place. He is a member of Axtell
Post, No. 252 G. A. R. He is a stanch Republican,
and takes an active interest in local politics, though
not in an office-seeking capacit}\ He is warmly
interested in educational affairs, as is his wife, who
occupies a position upon the School Board, where
she exhibits excellent judgment in her decisions.

'S^ DGAR R. FULTON has been prominently
li^ connected with the First National Bank of
/i' — ^ Marysville, since its establishment in 1882,
occupying with ability the important position of
cashier. He became a resident of Marysville, in Jul}-,
1882. The above mentioned bank was organized
August 1, 1882, and succeeded to the business of
the Marshall County Bank. The doors were opened
Oct. 15, 1882, with the following officers: M. S.
Smalley, President; S. A. Fulton, subsequently be-
came President: Perry Hutchinson, Vice-president;
E. R. Fulton, cashier. They commenced business
with a capital of 850,000, now increased to $75,000,
and are doing well, having met with uniform and
unvarying success.

Born in Clearfield County, P.a., Feb. 10, 1856.
Mr. Fulton there lived durfng the days of his bo}--
liood, and received a good, practical education,
becoming well fitted for the responsibilities of an
active life. At the age of seventeen j-ears, he fol-
lowed the march of human progress Westward, and

located at Falls City, Neb. While residing in
Falls City, he read law in the office of his brother
S. A. F'ulton. Subsequently he was graduated in
the class of '77, from the Law Department of the
University of Iowa, and commenced the practice
of his profession in Western Kansas, locating in
Hodgeman County, where he was a successful attor-
ney for some time. Since he eng.aged in banking,
he has quit the practice of law.

The 20th day of May, 1885, he was united in
marriage with Miss Jennie A. Schmidt, a daughter
of Frank Schmidt, a banker of this citj^, whose
sketch also appears in this volume. Two bright
and interesting children have come to bless the
home circle, a son, Edgar R., Jr., and a daughter,
Jennie L. Mr. and Mrs. Fulton are members of
the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Fulton is also iden-
tified with the Masonic fraternity, having passed
the chapter degrees. Politically, he is strongly in
sympathy with the Republican party, and votes
that ticket.

Moses Fulton, the father of him whose life re-
view is thus recorded, was born in Clearfield Count}^
Pa., on the same farm where our subject first saw
the light. There the father lived and died. He
was born in 1812, and passed to rest May 25, 1805.
His wife, the mother of Edgar R., was Miss Annie
H. Caldwell, who became the mother of eight chil-
dren, two of whom, our subject and his brother
S. A. are residents of this county. Both of these
gentlemen have identified themselves with the most
important matters pertaining to their communit}^,
and enjoy tlie respect of all who know them.

OLOMON L. DOTSON. The name of this
gentleman is familiar to the older residents
of this count}', as one of those who located
on the banks of the Vermillion in the earlj'
days, where he has some very rich bottom land,
included in a well-regul.ated farm of 177 acres, Ij-ing
on section 31, Rock Township. Before proceeding
further with his personal historj- it may be inter-
esting to mention those from whom he drew his
origin. He comes of a good family, being the son

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

327

of William Dotson, who was born in Virginia, and
the grandson of Richard Dotson, likewise a native
of the Old Dominion, and a farmer who, at an
early date removed to Wood Count}^, W. Va., and
opened uj) a farm in the wilderness. During his
career he served as a soldier in the Revolutionarj'
War, and also fought the French and Indians. He
spent his last da\'s in Tyler County, Va., passing
away at the ripe old age of one hundred and four
years.

The paternal great-grandfather of our subject
was Solomon Dotson, a native of England, who
emigrated to America during the Colonial times
and established himself on a large tract of land in
Ritchie Count3', W., Va., where he cleared a farm
and remained upon it until his death when over
ninetj--tliree years old. Politically, he was a Demo-
crat, and religiously, an active member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church. The maiden name
of the mother of our subject was Mary A. Franks,
a native of Virginia and a daughter of Henry
Franks, who was also born there. He farmed along
the Ohio River, in the western part of the Domin-
ion, being among the first settlers of that region.
He fought in the Indian War and was wounded.
He became well-to-do, and spent his last years sur-
rounded by all the comforts of life. The great-
grandfather Frank was a native of Germany, and
served as a Revolutionary soldier at the battle of
Bunker Hill. The paternal great-great-grandfather
was Hobbs Dotson, who was born in the Turkish
Empire, and went to England with his parents,
where he spent the remainder of his life. Tiie
mother of Mr. Dotson died in Virginia at the age
f>f eighty-seven years; she was a member of the
Methodist Episcopal Church.

Sixteen children completed the hoviseliold circle
of William and Mary A. Dotson, seven of whom
are deceased, namely: Emanuel, John, Nancy,
Thomas, Betsey, Maria and Margaret. The sur-
vivors are: Henry, a resident of Virginia: Lottie
and William, also living there; Solomon L., our
subject; Mary A., a resident of Belle Plain, Kan.;
J. Cynthia; Eliza and Jane, of Virginia, and
Squire, of Missouri.

The subject of this sketch was born in what was
then Wood, but is now Ritchie County, W. Va.,

near Maryetta, July 8, 1816, and there spent his
early years upon the farm. He obtained a very
limited education in the subscription school, dressed
flax, hunted wild game, killed bears, wildcats and
panthers, frequently fighting the bears with dogs,
of which he had twenty-one at one time, and thus
attained to man's estate. He then purchased 100
acres of land, which he cleared and brought to a
state of cultivation. He raised sheep to a great
extent and lived in his native county until 186.5.
Then selling out he removed to Adair County, Mo.,
where he purchased an improved farm of 120 acres
and raised cattle and sheei). Aft r two years,
however, he became dissatisfied, and changed his
residence to Benton Count}', Iowa. Thence, in
1868, he came to this count}-, secured eight}- acres
of land in Clear Fork Township, and lived there
about ten years. Indians and wild game were
plentiful when he first settled there. In 1878 he
sold out and purchased his present farm. The cy-
clone of 1879 destroyed his orchard, his barn and
a part of his house. The family sought shelter in
the basement of the latter and were not seriously
injured. He rebuilt as soon as possible, and has
all modern improvements. He makes a specialty of
graded cattle, a good quality of draft horses and
full-blooded, Poland-China and Berkshire swine.
Mr. Dotson was first married, in Harrison County,
W. Va., in 1835, to Miss Orlindo Tucker, who was
born there and died in the Old Dominion in 1863.
Of this union there were eight children, of whom
Serena, Betsey, Squire, Clarence and Cora are de-
ceased. Eli is a resident of Nemeha County, Neb.;
Columbus lives in Ringgold County,Iowa; Floyd is
a resident of Pottowatamie County, Kan.; Clarence
died in California, leaving one child, a daughter.
Mabel. Eli, during the late Civil War, enlisted in
1861, in the 14th Virginia Infantry and served un-
til the close, suffering the horrors of imprisonment
at Andersonville, and receiving a wound in the
hand ; Squire was under Gen. Sherman in the 82d
Ohio Infantry, enlisting in October, 1864. He
died at Goldsboro, N. C.

Our subject contracted a second marriage in
Ritchie County, W. Va., with Miss Elizabeth West,
who was born in Tyler County, tjiat State, and
died in Clear Fork Township, this county, in 1876.

328

PORTRAIT AKD BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

The four children born of this union were; Jenisha,
who married J. J. Tilley ; Yietta, the wife of James
A. Barrett; Eveline, Mrs. W. Long, of Rock
Township, this count}', and Porter, who remains at
home with his father. Our subject was married the
third time in Rock Township in 1878, to Mrs.
Telitha (Cain) Trosper, a native of Kentucky, and
who died at the homestead in Rock Township in
March, 1880.

The present wife of our subject, whom he mar-
ried in Marysville, Oct. 25, 1886, was formerly
Miss Carrie C. Clark, daughter of Daniel D. Clark,
the latter a native of Sidney, Me The paternal
grandfather of Mrs. Dotson was Samuel Clark, a
native of England, who upon coming to America
carried on farming in Maine and New Hampshire,
dying in the latter State. The great-grandfather
was closely allied to the nobility and died in En-
gland. Daniel D. Clark was born Jan. 3, 1805, and
was reared to man's estate in Maine, whence he re-
moved with the family to New Hampshire, and
engaged as a stone and marble cutter, in which he
became an expert. He also worked as a cooper,
and died in New Hampshire in 1882, whensevent}'-
eight years old. He was first a Whig and then a
Republican, and a member of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church until during his latter years, when he
became a Second Adventist.

The maiden name of the mother of Mrs. Dolson
was Ljdia Quinby. She was born in Sandwich,
N. H., and died in Concord, that State, in 1887
when eighty- one j'ears old. Her father was of En-
glish descent and spent his last years in Concord,
N. H. Mrs. Dotson was the sixth in a family of
eleven children, of whom Charles C, Mary A.,
Olive A. and Fanny A. are decased. Esther G.,
Mrs. Curtis, is a resident of Concord, N. H. ; Laura
J., Mrs. Turner, lives in Iowa Count}'; Samuel F.
resides in Michigan; Lucinda H., Mrs. Gross, lives
in Beverly, Mass. ; Sarah E., Mrs. Cook, is a resi-
dent of Concord, N. H., where Daniel G. also lives.

Charles C. Clark during the Civil War enlisted,
in 1861, in the 2d New Hampshire Infantry, was
captured by the rebels and confined in Anderson-
ville prison, finally being exchanged when the war
was over. He was nearly dead then, and was not
found by his friends until the fall of 1866, when

he was sent home from Annapolis (Md) Hospital.
He died the following year. Another brother.
Samuel F., enlisted in the 6th Wisconsin Battery,
and was given a Captain's commission, sewing
from 1861 until the close of the war.

Mrs. Carrie C. Dotson was born Jan. 6, 1837, in
Concord, N. H., and was first married there, Aug.
14, 1853, to John D. Heath. Mr. Heath was like-
wise a native of Concord, and a cabinet-maker by
trade; he died in 1856. Mrs. Heath subsequently
removed to Columbia County, Wis., where she en-
gaged as a seamstress and remained until 1866.
Thence she removed to Chicago, and from there
in February, 1885, to Beattie, this county, and be-
came the owner of a good property, which she
occupied until her marriage to our subject. She
has one son, Charles A. Heath.

Mrs. Dotson, while in Wisconsin made her home
with an uncle, Moses Smith, who had married one
of her father's sisters. He became a true friend to
the widow who was struggling to maintain herself
and son. He is now an old man of seventy -six
years, and is tenderly cared for by the lady whom
he befriended in former years and with whom he
makes his home. Mr. Smith was born in New
Hampshire in 1812, and lived there until after his
marriage, when he emigrated to Columbia County,
Wis., and became the owner of a large farm. He
also practiced as a veterinary surgeon, having been
regularly graduated from a school of this profession
at Portsmouth, Mass. From Columbia he removed
to Sauk County, where he also became owner of a
large farm, and was well-to-do when an unfortunate
train of circumstances deprived him of his prop-
erty and made of him a comparatively poor man.
In 1872 he come to Jewell Couniy, this State, and
homesteaded a tract of land near Omio, which he
proved up and upon which he lived several years.
He then disposed of the property and engaged as
a bookkeeper in the coal mines at Omio until 1887,
when at the solicitation of Mrs. Dotson he took up
his abode with her, retiring from active labor.
Mrs. Dotson affectionately speaks of him as her
.adopted father, and always addresses him as '-Pap
Smith." Mr. Smith has a remarkable memory and
has seen many /ihanges during his long life, espec-
iallv in the West. While in N^w England he

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

329

freighted goods in New Hampshire before the
liiiilding of a railroad, and had the pleasure of a
ride on the first institution of this kind in tiie Old
Granite State. Politically, he is a stanch Repub-
lican.

RTHl'R H. NEAL. One of the most
beautiful farms in Marshall County, is
that owned and occupied by the above
^J named gentleman. It is admirably lo-

cated on section 4, Vermillion Township, on land
sufficiently high to atlord a magnificent view to the
east, south and west, and overlooking the city of
Frankfort, which lies one mile south. The estate,
though small, consisting of but eighty-four acres, is
thoroughly cultivated, the fertile fields enclosed by
neat hedge fences, and the orchard is one of the
finest in the county. Mr. Neal lias made the
raising of fine apples a speciality, and his orchard
contains several hundred trees of the best varieties
of that fruit. He also raises peaches, grapes and
various small fruits. His display at the Frankfort
Fair, Sept. 11 to 16, 1889, was one in which any
fruit-grower would take great pride. Though the
place is supplied with comfortable and adequate
-buildings, our subject contemplates the erection of
anew residence at an early da3'. Mr. Neal devotes
his attention to general-farming, fruit and stock-
raising. He is a breeder of Norman and Clj'des-
dale liorses,and owns two very fine blooded stallions.
"Beauty of the AYest" is a splendid imported Nor-
man, and "Glasgow Bridge, Jr." a beautiful high-
spirited animal of Clydesdale and Morgan blood.
Our subject is the son of Arthur and Sarah
(White) Neal and traces his ancestr}' to Irish stock.
His father, and grandfather, John Neal, were na-
tives of Virginia, from which State the grandfather
removed into Indiana, while it was still a territory.
The father was twice married, his first wife being
Nancy C'onley, who bore liira seven children —
Diana, Nancy, John, Harve}', Rebecca, Wesley and
James. Diana is the wife of William Kennedy, a
farmer residing in Missouri; Nancy was the wife
of Fphraim Beasley, a farmer, she died in Logan,
111., in 1856; John is a retired farmer, whose home

is in Kearney, Neb., he married Mahala Mitchell,
and has six children^now living; Harvey died at
the age of twenty-three near Mitchell, Ind, he was
unmarried; Rebeci a is the wife of Benjamin Pot-
ter, a farmer of Center Township, their/amily con-
sists of eight children. Wesley died in Indiana at
the age of fifteen years, and James when about
twelve years of age. The mother of our subject
was twice married, her first husband being Benja-
min Sutton, by whom she had two children. John
W. Sutton, died April 12, 1889 at Lancaster.
Schuyler Co., Mo. He w.is a railroad engineer,
and during the later years of his life followed
farming. He had been twice married. His first
wife was Nareissa Combs, ajul his second. Miss
Mary Bailey. Rachael lives in Denver, Col., and
is the widow of Elisha E. Allen, a cabinet-maker,
she has two children.

The marriage of our subject's father and mother
resulted in the birth of five children— Anna, Emily,
Arthur H., Maria and Clara,] Anna was the wife of
Frank Clutter, a brick-layer. She died at Mt. Vei--
non. 111., when thirty-five years of age, leaving
four children; Emily married Robert Wild, a com-
mercial traveller, whose home is in Atlanta, Ga.;
Maria is the wife of William Hutchinson, a me-
chanic at the. same place, she has four children;
Clara is the wife of James Robinson, of Atlanta.
who died in 1885, leaving her with one child to
mourn his loss.

Arthur H. Neal was born in Lawrence County,
Ind., Oct. 23, 1844. He was reared on a farm and
received a good common-school education. The
excitement attending the breaking out of the
Civil War, gave rise in the Hoosier State to a mar-
tial spirit among the very young, and hundreds of
her youths gave their flesh, blood and growing
energies to the cause of the Union. Among these
t)atriotic sons of Indiana was our subject, who at
the early age of seventeen, enlisted in the Northern
army. He was enrolled in 1861 as a member of
the 50th Indiana Infantry, serving under Gen. A.
J. Smith. Among the more prominent engage-
ments in which he took part were Mumfordsville,
Ky., Bowling Green, Parker's Crossroads, Little
Rock, Mobile, Ft. Blakely, Spanish Fort and Nash-
ville. He was one of the number sent to the relief

330

PORTRAIT AND IJIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

of Gen. Banks in bis Red River expedition. During
the engagement at Saline River, Ark. lie was
wounded in the left shoulder, and for four mouths
was unfit for duty. At the expiration of his term
of service he re-enlisted, and as veteran was trans-
ferred to the o2d Indiana Infantry. After years of
gallant service he was honorablj' discharged Oct.
23, 1865. Upon leaving the army he engaged
in farming near Richland County, 111., and was
for three years a renter of land.

On Sept. 30, 1866, our subject celebrated his
marriage to Harriet Mayden, an intelligent and
agreeable young lady in whom he found a fitting
companion. She was a native of the Hoosier
State, and the daughter of William and Catherine
Maydon, former residents of Tennessee. Five chil-
dren have been the result of this marriage — Minnie,
Charles, Emma, Irena and Lillian. The latter
died in infancy; Emma, the third daughter, is a
public school teacher, and was an attendant of the
late session of the Marshall County Normal Insti-
tute. All have received, or are receiving an excel-
lent English education.

Mr. Neal is a stanch Republican and an active
worker in the ranks of the parly. He has served
as a delegate to the County Convention at various
times. Both he, and his wife are members of the
Methodist Episcopal Church. He enters earnestly
into the business which he has undertaken, and
takes great pride and interest in carrying it to a
successful end. He is a man of more than ordinary
intelligence, of high principles, and is held in great
esteem by his neighbors.

^ ^-^ ^

'^Yj AMES W. NASH. This gentleman owns
and occupies one of the most beautiful homes
in Cottage Hill Township — a fine farm, un-
der a thorough state of cultivation and im-
proved with substantial modern buildings. It is
devoted mainly to general agriculture, with a
goodly assortment of live stock, and 3'ields to its
proprietor each year considerably more than is
necessary for his current expenses. ]\Ir. Nnsh was
one of the earliest settlers of this region, and being

a liberal and public-spirited m.an, upright and
honest, enjoys in a marked degree the esteem and
confidence of his fellow-citizens. He has held
some of the minor offices, but prefers to give his
time and attention to his fanning interests.

A native of Stark County Ohio, our subject was
born Sept. 7, 1840, and is the son of David E.
Nash, whose birth took place in 1813. The latter
settled in Slark County, Ohio, during its pioneer
days, but in 1842 pushed on further Westward into
Elkhart County, Ind., where his death took place,
March 21, 1845. He was a life-long farmer, and
was a member in good standing of the Methodist
Church. He married Miss .Judith Winder, who
was born April 15, 1812, and was the daughter of
James and Ann Winder. She departed this life
March 4, 1856, in Elkhart County, Ind.

To the parents of our subject there were born
two children onl^', of whom James W. was the
j^ounger. His sister, Maiy A., is now in Lenawa
County, Mich. James was orphaned by the death
of both parents when very young, and lived there-
after in Indiana until a youth of fifteen years.
He then spent one year in Pennsylvania, and from
there emigrated to Bureau County, 111., of which
he was a resident at the outbreak of the Civil War.
Soon afterward he enlisted as a private in Company
B, 52d Illinois Infantry, and served until April,
1862, when he was obliged to accept his honora-
ble discharge on account of disability, the result
of hardship and privation.

In 1 866 Mr. Nash came to this county and secured
a tract of land on section 22, in Cottage Hill Town-
ship, of which he has since been a resident. He
broke the first sod within its limits, and endured
all the hardships and privations of life on the
frontier. He has been a member of the Republi-
can party since its organization, and for many
years a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church.
He also belongs to the G. A. R.

On the 18th of January, 1863, our subject was
united in marriage with Miss Emma A. Bole, of
Elkhart County, Ind. Mrs. Nash was born July
16, 1847, and is the daughter of Ebenezer B. and
Phebe D. (Corpe) Bole, who were natives of New
York, and are now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Nash
are the parents of eight children — Judith P.,

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

331

Henry D., Ira E., Mary L., Joseph, L'ene, Acldie
and William. Judith is tlie wife of S. John Swan-
son, a well-to-do farmer of Cottage Ilill Township,
and they have one child, a daughter — Glad3's. Tiie
rest of the children remain at home.

Xf^KV. MATHIAS JOSEPH SCHMICKLER,
jlW^ pastor of St. Gregory's Catholic Church.
Ik- \V At an early period in tlie history of Marj-s-
^^^ville tlie Catholic missionaries finding here
Messrs. Joseph Ellenbecker, Jacob and Christian
Mohibacher, Nick Koppes and J. P. Smith, with
tlirm collected a small congregation, holding ser-
vices in the school house. The first missionary
piifst was Rev. Father A. M. Weikmann, who built
a brick structure, which was sold by bis successor,
who erected a frame cliurch near the depot, which
liuiiding still stands and is owned I)y the Church.
The first resident priest was Rev. A. M. Meili, who
made preparation for building the present edifice.
Rev. Father Hartman succeeding him, bnilt part of
the foundation, whicli was finished by the subject
of our sketch. The Bishop was here to laj- the
corner-stone, and there was a grand celebiation of
the occasion on the 9th of October, 1886. Our
subject was sent here specially to finish the church.
He has so far bnilt a fine structure to the first
story, which is now roofed and in use, and expects
to complete the edifice before long. It is a brick
structure 50x105 feet, and from the foundation to
the cross on the spire will be 140 feet, and when
completed will be a splendid building, having two
stories, the lower part to consist of chapel and
school rooms, the second story for the church
proper. So far it has cost $8,000, and to finish
and furnish it when completed, it is estimated that
about 120,000 will be required. The building is
one of the finest architecturall}' designed churches
in Northern Kansas, it having been planned by
the architect Adolphus Uruiding, of Chicago. From
a small beginning the Church has grown to a fine
organization of from fifty to sixty active families,
comprising a membership of 250 to 300. It now
has a school attended by thirty-five children, un<ler

the charge of a competent teacher, and the direct
supervision of Rev. Father Schraickler.

Prominent among the supporters of the Church
are Joseph Ellenbecker, Jacob and Christian Mohr-
baclier, Nick Koppes, J. P. Smith, Jacob Ring,
John Tracy, John Joerg, Mr. Kohorst, P. Brenan,
Mr. Wassenberg. Mr. Mentchen, and many others.

Father Schmickler was born in the Rhine Prov-
ince of Germany, April 7, 1858. He received a
classical education at Nassau and studied philoso-
phy at St. Trond, Belgium. Then volunteering at
Cologne, he spent a year in tlie Prussian army.
Returning to his books, he spent three years in the
study of theology at Lou vain, Belgium. He was
ordained at Roermond, Holland, after which he
returned to Germany for four months, and thence
came to America in October, 1884. He first
located in Wilson County, Kan., being Pastor of
St. Ignatius church at Neodesha. He was then
appointed Priest at Marysville, in August, 1886,
and has remained here since that time.

\t OSEPH A. WILLIAMS. In the spring of
1866, there started out from Buchanan
County, Iowa. Mr. Williams with his wife
((^jjf' and eight children for the wilds of Northern
Kansas. His outfit consisted of two wagons and
two span of horses, the vehicles loaded with the
household utensils and a blacksniithing outfit with
which the leader of the train proposed to fight his
battles in the new countrj', and at the same time
labor in the construction of a homestead. The
little caravan arrived at their destination about ten
days from the time of starting, in the meantime
camping out wherever night overtook them and
cooking b3' the wayside.

Mr. Williams had visited this section a year
previous and homesteaded eighty acres of wild
land, occupying a portion of section 34, Wells
Township, upon which not a furrow h.ad been
turned, nor had there been any other attempt at
improvement. The first business was to provide a
shelter for the family and the next to provide for
the wants of the household during the coming

S32

I'ORttlAlt AND felOGllAt»HlCAL ALBUM.

winter by the way of provisions. After planting
his garden he put in a crop of corn and wheat,
commenced fencing his land and as the time passed
on erecting the buildings most needed. The fol-
lowing year he made still further progress and in
due time was enabled to add to his landed posses-
sions, so that he is now the owner of 200 acres, all
of which has been brought to a good state of culti-
vation.

Mr. Williams was not by any means exempt
from the usual difficulties of life on the frontier,
and suffered various losses by drouth, grasshoppers
and chinch bugs, but talien altogether he cannot
regret that he adhered to his first purpose of re-
maining. The first dwelling was a small frame
structure, 16 x 24 feet in dimensions, built of na-
tive lumber — cottonwood, sycamore and burr
oak — the principal part of which was hauled from
Atchison. They occupied this a number of years
and finally becoming desirous of a change, re-
moved to Blue Rapids, where they lived two years.
They then returned to the farm quite contented to
remain. For several years Mr. Williams has been
engaged in quarrying stone near Bigelow and
usually gives employment to about fifteen men.
In 1888 he put out about 10,000 feet of curbing,
all of wliich was shipped to Kansas City.

The subject of this notice was born in Guernsey
County, Ohio, Aug. 18, 1826. His parents were
Oliver and Dinah (McGrew) Williams, the former
a native of Pennsylvania and born in 1804. His
paternal grandfather had a half brother who served
as a soldier in the Revolutionary War. Mrs. Dinah
Williams was a native of New England and is now
deceased. The father of our subject is still living
and a resident of Iowa, and has arrived at the
eighty-fifth year of his age. He was one of the
earliest pioneers of Guernsey County, Ohio, to
which he emigrated when a young man, before a
wagon road had been laid out and when the coun-
try was veritably a wilderness. He operated as a
millwright and house carpenter during his early
manhood and later learned blacksmithing.

The subject of this sketch received a ver}- limited
education in the pioneer schools of Ohio and for a
time attended a select school. He studied his first
lessons in a log school house with i)unchcon floor

and slabs for seats and desks. Light was admitted
through window panes of greased paper, and heat
was furnished from a large fireplace extending
across nearly one end of the building. Ihe smoke
was coaxed up a chimney built outside of earth
and sticks. Young Williams did not attend school
after he was fourteen years old, being required
thereafter to make himself useful on the farm. He
began learning the blacksmith trade in 1840, which
he has followed up to the present time, including
his term of service in the arm}'.

After the outbreak of the Civil War Mr. Will-
iams enlisted Aug. 1, 1862, in the 27th Iowa In-
fantry which was assigned to the 16th Corps, Army
of the West, under command of Gen. A. J. Smith.
Thej- were in detached service and Mr. Williams
operated as a blacksmith. He enlisted at Dubuque
as regimental blacksmith and finished up as fore-
man at headquarters. He remained in the ranks
until August, 1865, and then received his honora-
ble discharge.

In the meantime, while a resident of his native
State Mr. Williams was married April 8, 1847, to
Miss Mary A. Walters, who was born in Monroe
County, Ohio, in 1828, and is the daughter of
Samuel and Catherine Walters. To our subject
and his estimable wife there has been born a large
family of children, nine of whom are living, viz.:
Clarissa, Mrs. Anton Weeks, of Xoble Township,
this count}-; Olivia, the wife of AVilliara Greve,
living near Los Angeles, Cal.; Alvaretta, Mrs.
Peter Cline, of this county; Lovina, the wife of
Martin Goldsberry of this county; Oliver, a resi-
dent of Osborn County; Josiah. St. Clair, McGrew,
and Hattie are at home with their parents.

Mr. Williams has served as a School Director in
his district a number of terms, but aside from this
has invariably declined the responsibilities of office.
He usually votes the straight Republican ticket
aud has contributed his full share in developing
the best interests of Marshall County. His integ-
rity has never been questioned and both as a farmer
and a citizen he occupies no secondary place in his
community. Together with his estimable wife he
has labored many years in the establishment of a
home and the accumulation of a competence, and
they are traveling down the hill together, feeling a

PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL ALBUM.

^33

degrt'e of satisfaction in the linowledgc of lives
well spent, and reaping solace from the friends with
whose esteem and confidence tiiey arc blest as a
part of tiieir reward for well doing.

• '^^l-

iICHARD MORTO>'. The results of per-
severance under difflcultics and adverse
\\ circumstances, are admirably illustrated in
^^the career of Mr. Morton, one of the early
liomesteaders of Kansas, who came to the frontier
during the time which tried men's souls. From a
tract of wild, uncultivated land, he has constructed
a valuable homestead, 160 acres in extent, and
finel_y located on section 26, Rock Township. He
has, in addition to this, eighty acres on section .35.
The whole has been brought to a productive condi-
tion, and the buildings of the home farm, although
making no pretensions to elegance, are all that is
required for the comfort and convenience of the
family. In and around the dwelling are the evi-
dences of refined taste, chiefly the result of the la-
bors of Mrs. Morton, who is a very intelligent ladj-,
and delights in beautifying her home. Their chil-
dren have betn given the best advantages, and the
family stands second to none within the limits of
Rock Township.

The subject of this sketch was born near Sea-
forth, Huron Co., Canada, Dec. 13, 1840, and lived
with his parents on a farm until a youth of sixteen
years. He in the meantime received onlj' limited
school advantages, and now, starting out for him-
self, began an apprenticeship at the carpenter's
trade, which he has since followed the greater part
of the time, although likewise prosecuting agricul-
tural pursuits. He proved handy with tools, and
at an early age developed the business talents \vh:ch
have been the secret of his success through life.
At the age of nineteen he commenced as a builder
and contractor, which he followed thereafter for a
period of twelve years, in the meantime making his
home with his parents.

In the spring of 1869, Mr. Morton decided u|)on
seeing something of the Great West, and journeyed
across the Mississippi to Colorado. He sojourned

in that region only a short time, then coming to
this county, homesteaded eighty acres of his pre-
sent farm, which has since been his abiding-place.
For two years thereafter he worked principally as
a carpenter, but in the meantime labored at the
inii)rovement of his farm as he had opportunity.
In 1871 he located upon it permanently, and grad-
ually made farming his principal business, although
doing carpenter work as opportunity permitted.
He made very good headway until 1873, when a
fire destroyed his buildings an

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